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JOURNAL OF BOTANY
BRITISH AND FOREIGN,

Edited by

JAMES BRITTEN, F.L.S.,

ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES AND WOODCUTS.

LONDON:
WEST, NEWMAN & CO., 54, HATTON GARDEN.

1884.

Directions to Binder.

PORTRAIT ‘ ; to face title.
Tas. 242 : - : ; : . to face page 1
Sans. 948, 944 ayy er » 88
» 245, 246 : 5 3 : : Pid
Tas. 247 ee es |
» 248 d é . . . 9 225
Tass. 249—25 = ‘ : : a alee

Or Tas. 242—252 in numerical order at end of volume.

THE

JOURNAL OF BOTANY,

BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

NOTES ON THE BRITISH CHARACEZ FOR 1883.
By Henry & James GROVEs.

(Tas. 242.)

“THe ae following notes, collected ow the past year, are in con-
tinuation of our paper in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 20, and previous

C. fragilis, from Perth ; C. vulgaris var. melanopyrena, from
wall; and Tolypella prolifera, from Lincoln.

We have to thank our correspondents for the large number of
specimens we have received, and especially Mr. Arthur Bennett for
many specimens which he has transmitted to us from other botanists,
besides those collected by himself.

oo still remains to be done, in working out the comital dis-
tribut from many counties we have only received one or
two specs, and from the following we are still without a single
rec

"Bohias set §., Wilts N., Gloster E., _Monmouth, Worcester,

Ebudes M. 8S. & N., Ross E. & W., Hebrides, Cork 8., Waterford,
Tipperary N., Kilkenny, Carlow, Queen’ s Co., Wexfo rd; Kildare,
Meath, Limerick, Clare, King’s Co., Longford, sdersomcatng Mayo
K. , Monaghan, Armagh, a ny

"We shall be Sea alix ay of specimens, or even the loan of
specimens, from these counties

Cuara Fraciuis, Desv. _Wilts B., 1888; HH: & J. G. spores
1888, J. G.; Suffolk W., 1882, LH. PF. Linton, comm. A. mett ;
Norfolk E., 1888, H. G.; Fife, 1878, F’. Buchanan “On comm.
A. Bennett; Elgin, 18838, J. Keith; Argyle, 1888, H. d J. G.;
Fermanagh, R. M. Barrington ; Tipperary 8., 1872, Miss Grubb.

var. barbata.—Caithness, 1883, J. Grant, comm. A. Bennett.

var. capillacea. — Bucks, 1882, J. Saunders : Westmoreland,

JOURNAL OF Bova 22. ([Janvary, 1884.] B

2 NOTES ON THE BRITISH CHARACE® FoR 1883.

1865, W. P. Hiern; Perth M., 1883, R. Braithwaite; Perth E., —
1883, A. Sturrock. e.
var. Hedwigit—Lincoln §., 1888, W. H. Beeby; Roxburgh,
1880, A. Brotherston; Perth E., 1888, A. Sturrock; Forfar, 1882,

G ruce, comm. A. Bennett.

wae. delicatula, igh M., 1888, a: Braithwaite ; Perth E.,.1883,

A, Sturrock; Argyle, ee HL, é J

var. Fourfocke: var. © Glen tem 2-8 feet high, very im-
perfectly triplostichous. Spine: cells tubercular. Branchlets 1-3 in. ©
= with a stnarbes segments ecorticate. Bract-cells whorled.

nation of a series of asia may show characters on which to
found a species. A form of C. fragilis var. Hedwigit occurs in the —
- same loch, and, though sends like this plant in size, &e., it differs _
in the cortication of the stem, as well as in the presence of cortical —
cells-in the branchlets. We understand from Mr. A. Bennett that —
Prof. Nordstedt has proposed the name of C. fragilis var. gymno-
phylla; but, in view of the complication of nomenclature spe

it best not to adopt such names for varieties which ear perma-
nent, and have distinctive characters other than those implied by

C. aspera, Willd.—Norfolk E., Hickling Broad, 1883, H. G.;
Li isein S., Deéapiig Fen, 1883, W. H. Beeby ; Lanes. S., South- :
port, 1883, H. Searle, comm. A. Bennett ; York 8., near Bromfleet.
883, T. Birks, jun.; Perth E., Ardblair Loch, 1881, A. Sturrock,
comm. 4. Bennett ; Caithness, Walter Loch, 1888, J. Grant, comm.
z ioctl Fermanagh, Lough Erne, near Enniskillen, 1888, 8S.

t

var. subiner me -—Anglesea, Coron Lake, 1881, J. E. Griffith, ©
comm. 4. Bennett; Perth E., near Blairgowrie, nag A. Sturrock; —
Orkney, Loch of ashy, 1882, W. Irvine Fortes |

var. lacustris—Galway W. , Roundstone, ek Woods (in Herb.
Townsend).

C. potyacanrua, Braun.—Suffolk W., Thelnethiarn Fen, 1883,
W. M. Hind, comm. A. Bennett ; Norfolk E., Roydon, 1883, F.
Linton, comm. A. Bennett ; Yo rk 8.E., near Bromfleet, 1883, T.
Birks ihe Soksodhagnt, Caldock Moor; 1888, F. R. Coles.

C. conrraria, Kuetz.—Devon N., Braunton bac ey, 1864, W.
Yee Bion: Norfolk E., Rotaciog Broad; 1888 G.; Leitrim,
Lough Allen, 1888, S. .4. Stewart (first record for Ireland \. |

C. mspra, L.—-Lincoln §., Deeping Fen, 1888, W. H. Beeby;
Elgin, ar : ha 1883, J. Keith (a ber near var. rudis) ; ‘Suther-
a W., 1881, Miller, comm. A. Ben ; Louth, Dunda dalk, 1883,

J. fr Star comm. J, Saunders ; Sligo, Coolgagh Lake, 1883; ~

var. rth E., near Blairgowrie, 1883, A. Sturrock 5 J
Schima Leh Brodie, aiinabise, 1883, J. Keith.

NOTES ON THE BRITISH CHARACE® For 18838. 3

C. vunearis, L.— n N., 1883, W. P. Hiern; Somerset N.,
1883, W. ‘B. Washi Yes. and Beds, 1883, J. Saunders: Hunts,
1888, a pane = A. Ben - Carnarvon, 1881, C. Bailey,
comm. A. Ben mee 1882, JE. Griffith, comm. A. Ben-
nett ; Lincoln s. Be owes H, Beeby ; Lanes. N., 1865, W. P.
Hiern ; York S.E., rece T. Birks, jun. ; Cumbé rland, 188 83, WB,
Waterfall ; Perth E., 1883, A. Sturrock ; Wicklow, 1866, Rk, M.

m. 4A. Benne
S., 1883, W. H. Beeby; Derby, 1882, 7. B. Blow; Chester, 1875,
FF. M. Webb; York 8.W., 1882, TI. Birks, jun. ; Perth E., 1888, A.
Sturrock (a very small form) ; sa 1883, A, Stur rock ; Louth,
18838, J. F’. Crofts, comm. J. Sau
var. papillata, —Dorset, 1878, "a dai (of Florence) ; Suffolk
W., 1883, W. M. Hind, comm. A. Bennett ; Lincoln 8., 1888, W. H.
eel
var. atrovirens.—Forfar, 1882, G. C. Druce, comm. A. Bennett.
var. melanopyrena. C. fetida, var. melanopyrena, Braun.——Corn
E., near East Bridgerule, 1888, W. M. Rogers. This form is
distinguished by its nucules having a black nucleus, instead of
ae as in the type. Braun remarks that it is very rare.
um, Gmelin, Flora Badensis Alsatica, vol. iv. (8S upp-)
ase), " 646; Bischoff, Krypt. Gewachse (1828), p- 26, fig. 5
, Act. Sto ckh., 1852 (1854), p. 286; Nordst., Bot. Notis.,
1688 p. 41; Crep., Flor. Belg. (1874), p. 556; Wahlst., Mon. af
ee och Nong. Char. (1875), D. 24 ; Lega, lar de l'Ouest, ed. 8
)P
+ felis, Amici (non L.), Mem. Acad. di Modena, vol. i. (1827),
p. 1

(as C Cortana, Bertoloni (Amici, /. c. p. 204 ?*), Fl. Ital., vol. x.
54), p

. corona fai Bischoff, Krypt. Gewachse (1828), p. 26, fig. 7.
gee Ann, des Sci. Nat. (1834), p An Flor a, 1885, vol. i., P.

60; Consp. Char. Europ. oo * in Cohn’ s Keyyt Flor
Schles. (1877), p. 403; Fragm. e Pk '. der Char. (1882), se 108;
Kuetz., Sp. Alg. (1849), p. 520; Tab. Phye. = t. 48, f. 1

} 19.

P
Nitella Braunii, Rab., Deutsch. Krypt. Flor. (1847), vol. ii.,
p. 197.
Chara Stalii, Visiani, Flor. Dalm., vol. iii. (1852), p. 334.
— Stalii, Meneghini, Att. del congr. di Giese ( fide
un).

xs.—Braun, R. & S., 10, 64; Nordst. & Wahlst., 87; Lloyd,
Alg. de l'Ouest de ee France, 413 ; Schultz, Herb. Norm., 600 ;

* Amici remarks :—“ Se si dovesse della mia Chara jlexilis formare una specie
nuova si potrebbe, sequendo il parere del Chiarissimo Prof. Bertoloni, chiamarla —
Chara

onore del nostro Ab. Corti.” Does this represent the publi- ae
f A

cortiana in
oatitis of 2 demtsiphan ot Chung Corte

4 NOTES in ein BRITISH CHARACE® FoR 1883.
<email Erb. Critt. Ital., 604; Rabenhorst, 219, 279: Billot,
2995.

Stem moderately stout, much branched, without cortical cells.
hab usually of 8-11 straight or slightly incurved branchlets.

ipulodes in a single circle, alternating with the br ike.
io of 4-5 segments, the ultimate very short, scarcely
exceeding the bract-cells. Bract-cells, at the ae nodes, 5-7,
usually shorter than the nucules Nucules ingle or in pairs,
black. 10-11 striate. Coronula short, slightly sokendinay. Nucleus

ack

the spas’ In a single cle. This section, although containing
a large number of secon was not previously represented in this
country. Our British plant is a rather large and slender form, with

the branchlets very little contracted at the nodes. Itis of a bright
Nitella-like colour, with a black incrustation on the older parts.
Our specimens are 4-8 in. long, but the larger, such as that from
which our drawing is taken, apparently belong to a plant of from
12-18 in. high

Chara Braunii was discovered by Mr. Charles Bailey near Red-
dish, South Lanes., in September last, in a canal in which the water

Braunii, also an inhabitant of eyo aving been a ace by
the same means, although the distribution _ ‘the latter is such as
to make its occurrence in this county proba

is is a Miva species, and forms of it ‘have been eee
over a very wide range; in Europe it has been recorde
from Spain, France, Belgium, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Ger ge
Austria, Italy, and Corsica ; in Africa, from many districts, reaching
south to ee ak | in Asia, from Syria, India, Java, China,

a
"Oo
Rae
oO
a}
_
SB »
6B
iz
&
er
~ 9

has given an account of n ne forms in th lis
for May, 1882; it has iis been collected in the aes idpe Islands.
Braun adopted the name of C. coronata, quoting it, in ‘Characeen
as,’ as of “* Ziz. ined. circa annum 1814 (sensu Litton mi)" the first
publication of this name that we can find is in Bischof, ‘ Krypt.
Gewachse,’ where “C. Braunii Gmel.” aud ‘C. coronata Ziz.”
are given

‘ g ile
in “ C. Braunii”’ _ are solitary. Under Braun’s first publication
of the name (An . Sci. Nat.) we find “Ch. coronata Ziz. Hujus
subspecies cliente sunt : a Ch. Braunii Gmel., Fl. Bad! Ch. coronata
Ziz. herb!” Now as C. coronata, Ziz.=C. Braunii, Gmel.,
according to Braun’s own showing, and the name Chara coronata

ad been already applied by Bischoff a@ Bigs modification of
Q. Braunii, we cannot conceive what reason there coul for
pea the eeuble eee name of C. coronata, Aiaeas of the certain and
definite name . Braunii, Gmel.

NOTES ON THE BRITISH CHARACEZ FoR 1883. a

Our plate represents C. aoe from Reddish, from specimens
kindly forwarded to us by Mr. Bailey ; unfortunately it was collected
too late to get a good he talents the plants having all been
damaged and were throwing out a second growth of branches. The
balacged figure of a yon branchlet shows the cells of the rudi-
mentary secondary ring of stipulodes and cortex, which in the older
whorls become invisible.

LycHNOTHAMNUS STELLIGER, Braun.—In Braun’s ‘ Fragmente’
Chara obtusa, Desv., is included under Lychnothamnus with the
above name. The development of the nucules is that of a Lychno-
thamnus rather than a Chara, but the position of this plant does not
seem, to us, to be yet_ — out satisfactorily. We hope to be able
to examine more speci. of it, and the other Lychnothamnt, also
Lamprothamnus (L. Tupscuroide). Hitiog the coming year.

ToiypELLA pronirera, Leonh.—Lincoln 8., Deeping Fen, 1883,
W.H. Beeby. This has not been found in England since Borrer’s
time.

T. cuomerata, Leonh.—Devon N., Braunton Burrows, 1864, W.
P. Hiern; Hunts, Somersham, 1888, A. F'reyer, comm. A. Bennett ;
York 8. E., ditch near Brough, 1878, H. Parsons and T. Birks jun;
Forfar, Sands of Barrie, F. Buchanan White, comm. A. Bennett.

T. mrrtcata, Leonh.—Beds., near Luton, 1883, J. Saunders.

Nrretta tenvissma, Kuetz. —Since the , Ml i of our last
““ Notes” we have again seen the specimen in Herb. Borrer, used as a
Mite are for Norfolk, and find its locality ‘‘ Roydon Fen, Cambridge,”
so we think it best to erase the record for Norfolk oC Bot. 1883,
p. 22, printed Norfolk W. instead of Norfolk E.

N. cracttas, Ag.—Mr. Bennett forwarded to us last autumn some

8, containing three sy ig of this species, which e had

it, declines to give us any rif opis of its loc

N. rranstucens, Ag.—Dorset, near Corfe Castle, 1888, J. G.;
Aberdeen §., Kinnaird Loch, 1888, J. W. Trail, comm. A. Bennett.

N. FLE , Ag.—Leitrim, Lough Allen, hap Z A. Stewart
(first sree eae from Ireland).

1 e , Ag.—Devon N., 1864, W. P. Hiern; — 1877,
W, P2Hiern : nee 188 0, J. E. Vize, comm. A. Bennett ;
Leicester, 1844, A. Bloxam ; Packing 18838, A. Craig Christie ;
er Be 1881, A. Sturrock, comm. Bennett ; Argyic; 2 ie

.; Orkney, pine! W. Irvine Fortescue ; Ferm
z M. Barecen: Down 3, S. A. Stewart. We have sacle
a specimen of this plant, rtieiod by the Rev. E. F. Linton, near
Killin, Mid ee at the extraordinary elevation of between 3100
and 8800 fe

s

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.
By J. G. Baxer, F.RB.S.

So little has been recorded as to the plants which. ascend
amongst the upper levels of the midland counties of England,
that the subject seems to be well worthy of further attention.
Whilst staying lately at Buxton, in saad. I took an aneroid
barometer about with me, and made a full list of all the species
I noticed as ascending to 200 yards ste upwards. I suppose that
in ginod oc we may jernidently assume that all three of Watson’s
zones of the agrarian region are fully represented. So far as I can
judge, the contour-line of 150 yards may be taken as the boundary
between the two lower zones. arge area in the southern part
of the county is below this level. “The limit between the mid-
agrarian and super-agrarian zones I would place at 350 yards.

sea-level. The flora of the higher gritstone edges is very destitute
of individuality, consisting almost entirely of species sprea
ht ed Britain in grassy or moorland localities. In Yorkshire

limit of the arctic region. Applying this test in Derbyshire, 350
ards in height about equals 300 yards in Yorkshire; but there is
plenty of Chamemorus on the gritstone peaks down to where the
Pteris ascends, at about 550 yards of elevation. The athe are
the estimates of altitude from which I worked as a basis:
Axe GRC. a ey ee. . ITBG feet.
1700

Mam Tor igs Shee ( fv
Railway above Burbage Re res OES £3 ee
Waterloo Inn bie od ge
Apa Market t Plac re hee On

‘s Dale Mulvey es ctxt OOO 5;
Wye, below Lover’s Lea ogee eee |! ae
Wye, at Monsal Dale. . . .

0

Thalictrum montanum. Limestone élifts. in soweent places, as-
cending to Peveril Castle, 400 yards.

Ranunculus aquatilis, var. penicillatus. Very abundant in the
Wye in Ashwood Dale and Millers Dale up to 800 yards. — Var
peltatus. In the grounds at Chatsworth.—R. heder, sites! Swamps
up to 500 yards.—R. # lammula, R. acris, and R. repens. Common
up to 500 yards.—R. a

Caltha palustris. Swamps up to 500. ya ards.

Nuphar lutea. Pond at Chatsworth, 200 yards.

Papaver. Quite absent from the poshag Only a scrap of
dubium seen on a cliff in Monsal Dale, 200 yards.

unaria officinalis. Only seen once, near Haddon, 200 yards.

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. a

Sinapis arvensis. A common weed up to 450 yards.

Brassica Rapa. A frequent colonist up to 450 yards.

Erysimum Alliaria. Seen only once, near Haddon, 200 yards.

Cardamine pratensis. Common up to 500 ism — C. hirsuta.
Frequent in the limestone dales up to 350 yar

Arabis hirsuta. Common on walls and cliffs ‘of limestone up to
400 yards, at Peveril sera

Barbarea vulgaris. By the Wye, in Monsal Dale and Millers

Nasturtium officinale. Abundant in streamlets up to 850 yards.
—N. palustre. Stream near Buxton, vards.

Cochlearia officinalis. Winnats and Peveril Castle, near Castle-
ton, on limestone yn 800-400 yards. A for rm intermediate
between littoralis and alpina.

Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Common up to 450 yards.

Helianthemum vulgare. One of the scaaheaee species of the
limestone cliffs, 200-400 yards.

Viola palustris. “gree round Cat and Fiddle Inn, 500 yards.—
V. hirta. Slopes of the limestone dales; Millers Dale, ——
Dale, Taddington Wood, 200-250 yards. — JV. sylvatica.
up to 500 yards. — V. arvensis. A weed in garden ground at é Bur:
bage, 400 yards. — V. lutea. Grassy moors round Cat and Fiddle
Tnn up to 500 ‘peta

Drosera. None

Polygala depress. Grease places up to 500

Silene pores . puberula. Very ¢ shecieueralen in Monsal
Dale, 200 yar ae nutans. Limestone cliffs of Millers Dale,
250-300 “Blog
chnis diurna. pho cca in the limestone dales, nego to
Peveril Castle,-400 yards. — L. Flos-cuculi. Swamps up to 500

yards.—L. Githago. A corn- “tela weed up to 400 yards.

Cerastium glomeratum. Seago ~ up to 450 yards in Goyt’s
Clough.—C; triviale. Common up to 500 yards.

Stellaria media. ‘eearers: up * 450 yards. — se Holostea.
Woods up to 250 yards in Millers Dale. — 8. gram Com
up 2 ssi yds.—S. uliginosa. Swamps up to 550 ne a Axe age:

ria trinervia. Walls in Millers Dale up to 250 yards.

A, paar Common amongst the limestone up to 400 yards
above Castleton.

Alsine verna. Walls of Peveril Castle, 400 yards.

Sagina apetala. Courtyard of Haddon Hall; pees eenyiee

mm p tod

Montia g inetnts paren in swamps up to 500 yards.

Hypericum perforatum. Common in the limestone dales,
200-350 yards. — H. tetrapterum. By the Wye in Monsal Dale,
200 yards. — H. pulchrum. Up to 450 yards in Goyt’s Clough. —
A. hirsutum... Common in the limestone dales, 200-850 yards.—-
H, montanum. Limestone cliffs in Ashwood Dale, near the Lover's -
Leap, 800-350 yards.

8 ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.

Malva sylvestris. Foot of cliffs in Monsal Dale, 250 yards.

Tilia. None that looked really wild.

Linum ecatharticum. Common up to 500 yards.

Geranium pratense. Very fine at the ion, of the limestone —
dales up to 300 yards. — G. molle. Frequent, ascending to 400
yards over Castleton. — G. dissectum. Wye Valley up to foot of
Chee Tor, 250 yards. — G. columbinum. Taddington Wood and
Wye Valley below Chee Tor, 250 yards. — G. lucidum. Common
on walls and Goes in the limestone ‘ti 200-350 yards. — G.
Robertianum. Common up to 850 yar

Oxalis etiedliags Common up to 450 yards.

Ilex Aquifolium. Frequent up to 850 yards.
eus. Limestone cliffs up to 400 yards over

Castleton, native.
mnus catharticus. Limestone cliffs in Millers Dale up to
300 yards. ;

Acer Pseudo-platanus. One of the ss aay ae of the dis-
trict up to 450 yards, and often self-sown. — d. campestre. Com- |
mon in the limestone dales up to 850 se 98

Ulex europeus. to 400 yards over Burbage.

Anthyllis Vulneraria. ST icctons banks, Millers Dale, &c.,
250-300 yards.

Medicago lupulina. Common up to 400 yards.

Trifolium pratense and T. repens. Common up to 500 yards.—
T. medium. Ashwood Dale, 300 yards.—T. procumbens. Frequent
up to 400 yards on the walls of Peveril Castle. — T. minus. Fre-
quent up to 450 yards over cudaaga

Lotus corniculatus. Common up to 500 yards. — L. major.
Common up to 450 yards.

Vicia Cracca. Frequent up to 400 yards.—V. sepium. Ascends
to 450 yards on the Burbage Moors.—V. sativa. A corn-field weed
up to 540 yards.

Lathyrus pratensis. Common up to 400 yards.

Prunus spinosa. Native on the cliffs of the limestone dales up
to 850 yards.—P. Padus. oo about the Lover’s Leap, 850 yards.

Spirea Ulmaria, Common in the limestone valleys up to 800 yds.

Agrimonia Eupatoria. “Miller s Dale and Monsal Dale up to
250 yards.

Sanguisorba officinalis. Meadows, and even sometimes a corn-
field weed up to 400 yards 7

Poterium Sanguisorba. Common on limestone cliffs and banks,
200-400 yards.

Alchemilla arvensis. Only seen low down the Wye Valley,
200-250 yards. — A. vulgaris. Common up to 500 yards on the

Potentilla Fragariastr um. Limestone dales up to 800 yards.
P, Tormentilla. Ascends nearly to summit of Axe Edge, 550 yards:
— P. procumbens. Moor over Burbage, 450 yar ards. — P. repians. |
Chee Tor Dale, &ec., 250 yards. — P. Anserina. Common up t0 |
400 yards. :

Fragaria vesca. Woods up to 850 yards.

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. ; 9

Rubus Ideus. Common up to 450 yards in Goyt’s Clough. —
R. suberectus. None of the three subspecies occur.—R. rhamnifolius.
Bottom of Monsal Dale, 200 yards. — R. discolor. None seen. —
R. orien ys. Monsal Dale, and roadside over Cressbrook Mill,
200-300 yards.—R. unbrosus. Monsal Dale and Wye Valley below
Chee Tor 200 eae yards.—R. Radula. Taddington Wood, 200-250
yards. — R. pallidus. One of the most frequent brambles of the
limestone ikea, ascending to 850 yards at the Lover’s Leap. —
corylifolius. * Upithe Wye Valley into Ashwood Dale, 300 yards.—
a8 ee Frequent, ascending the Wye Valley to 350 yards

r the Lover’s Leap.—R. cesius. Frequent in Millers Dale, &c.,
Easieding to 800 yards over Cressbrook.—R. Chamemorus. Abun-
dant on the peak of Axe Edge, especially descending the clough on
the sae 550 yards.

a spinosissima. Monsal Dale, and plentiful about Cressbrook
Ltient the limestone debris, 200-800 ya: ards.—R. mollissima. Fre-

. anin

200-800 yards. Forms specu noted: lutetiana, dumalis, urbica
(a form of this with glandular sarees in Taddington Wood); Reutert,
subcristata, and coriifolia, all three characteristic in Millers —
and marginata near the school- nine near Cressbrook Hous
R. arvensis. Taddington Wood, and Wye Valley below Chee Tor ;
and about Cressbrook, 200-250 yards.

Geum urbanum. Common in the oaaiee's woods up to 3800
yards.—G. rivale. Wye Valley up to 300 yar

Crataegus Oxyacantha. Common up to 450 a ards.

Pyrus Aucuparia. — to 500 yards. — P. Malus. Lime-
ane alec up to 800 yard

Epilobium hirsutum. ‘pane up - 400 yards.—E. parviflorum.
Wye Valley up to 250 yards. — E. montanum. Common up to 850
. — E. obscurum. Swamps up ae “600 yards on Axe Edge. —
E. palustre. Swamps up to 450 yards in Goyt’s Clough.

Circea lutetiana. Wye Valley up to Chee Tor, O56 yards. .

cea platycarpa. Swamps up to 500 yards on the slope
of Axe E

Ribes Grauitaoti: Not truly wild.

Sedum Telephium. Limestone cliffs, rama) Wood, Millers
Dale,’ Chee Tor, &c., 200-300 yards. — S. acre. Limestone cliffs,
common up to 400 yards.

Saxifraga tridactylites. Walls up to 800 y — 8. granulata.
Dry banks up to 350 yards.—S. eager’ nana Dale, Millers
Dale, Winnats at Castleton, 250-850 y

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium. Beraepe up to 450 yards in
Goyt’s Clough.

Parndssia palustris. Limestone banks up to 400 yards.
Helosciadium nodiflorum. Wye Valley up to Ashwood Dale,
800 s.

Pimpinella Sawifraga. Limestone banks up to 400 yards at
Peveril Castle, over Castleton.— P. magna. Abundant in Ashwood
Dale, at the Lover's Leap, up to 350 yards.

10 ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.

(Enanthe. None seen.
Angelica sylvestris. Woods up to 400 yards.
Heracleum Sphondylium. Common up to 500 yards.
Torilis Anthriscus. Common on the limestone banks up to
350 yards
lum ae Common up to 400 yards.—C. temulum.
Frequent, ascending to 400 yards over Castleton
rrhis tae Tideswell, Burbage, and roadside near the
ee and Flowing Well ; always near houses, 200-400 yards
Hedera Helix. Common on limestone cliffs up to 400 yards.
A —— os oe palmatifid leaves on the walls of Peveril Castle.
C Truly wild in the limestone dales up to
350 packs.
Sambucus nigra. Wye Valley up to 300 yards.
Viburnum Opulus. Wye Valley up to Chee Tor, 250 yards
Galium Cruciata. Common up to 400 yards on Fairfield Moor.
—G.verum. Common up to 400 yards over Castleton. — G. saxa-
tile. hails to the peak of Axe Edge over 550 yards.—G. sylvestre.
Common on the limestone cliffs and banks, ascending to 400 yards
at Peveril Castle. — G. palustre. Swamps up to 500 yards on Axe
Edge.—G. Aparine. Common up to 450 yards.
‘Asperula odorata. Wye Valley up to Chee Tor, 250 yards.
Valeriana officinalis. Common in — woods up to 350 yards.

Scabiosa Succisa. Frequent up to 400 yards.—S. Columbaria.
One of the oo plants of the limestone cliffs up to 400
ards.—S. sis. Common up to 400 yards; a weed in the

a
pigheet © corn- 1 fields,
Car nutans. Common up to 500 yards, especially on lime-
8 crispus. Ascends to 400 yards over Castleton. — C. ©

stone banks; mixed with —— at , an M ]
Dale, 200-400 yards.—C. a Common up to 500 yards
Carlina vulgaris. im sacle “banks, common, from Monsal

Arctium minus. Millers Dale and Monsal Dale, not plentiful, up
to 250 yards.

Centaurea nigra. Common up to 450 yards in pie s Clough.
—C. Scabiosa. Limestone 958 common up to 350

Matricaria Parthenium. at Tideswell; an panes

Chrysanthemum [eviethaiind, Common up to 450 yards in
Goyt’s Clough.

Anthemis arvensis. Roadside in Millers Dale, 250 yards.

_ Achillea Millefolium. Common up to 500 yards.—d. Ptarmica.

Up to 450 yards phaghan Clough.

ones see
Gnaphalium wligincdsin. Up to 400 yards on Fairfield Common.
Senecio vulgaris. An abundant weed up to 450 yards. — S.

Jacobea. Common up to 500 yards.
Inula Conyza. Limestone cliffs in Millers Dale, 250 yards.—
I. dysenterica. Wye Valley, up to foot of aon Tor, 250 yards.
Bellis perennis. Common up to 500 yar

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. |

Solidago inate Cliffs both of lime and gritstone up to 450
yards in Goyt’s Clo
Tussilago j fest ge rea up to 500 yards,
Petasites vulgaris. Abundant in Wye Valley up to Buxton, 800
rds.

Eupatorium cannabinum. Wye Valley up to 250 yards.
Lapsana communis. Frequent up to 400 yards over Castleton.
Hypocheris radicata. Frequent up to ey yards at Burbage.
Leontodon hispidus. Common.up to 400 yards.—L. autumnalis.
Common up to 500 yards on Axe Edge
Picris hieracioides. Ashwood Dae and Taddington Wood, 200-
300 yards.
Taraxacum officinale. Common up to 500 yards.—T. palustre.

Up to 500 yards in swamps of Axe Edge.
Lactuca “a alis. ommon on limestone cliffs up to 400 yards
over Castle

Sorcha stannic Common up to 350 yards.—S. asper. Com-
yards.

Crepis virens. Common up to 450 yards.—C. paludosa. Wye
Valley up to Buxton, 300 yards.

Cliffs both of limestone and gritstone, ascending to 450 yards in
pe be s Clough.—H. boreale. Frequent i in the iceiens ales up to
800 yards.

Cawaesds latifolia. Limestone dales ; Castleton, Taddington,
sp , 200-800 yards.——C. rotundifolia. Common up to 500 yards on
e Edge.

Vaccinium Vitis-idea. Plentiful on Axe’ Edge, 400-550 yards.
—V. Myrtillus. Ascends to peak of Axe Edge, over 550 yards.

Erica es i to peak of Axe Edge, over 560 yards.
—FE. cin es

Callas vulgaris. avandia on the gritstone moors up to over
550 yards.

Fraainus excelsior. Common and truly wild up to 450 yards.

Ligustrum vulgare. Native on limestone cliffs in Monsal Dale
and Millers Dale, 200-250 yards.

Gentiana Amarella. Frequent up to 500 yards.—G. campestris.
Frequent up to 500 yards.

Menyanthes. None seen.

Contotouls sepium. A very frequent weed up to 400 yards at
Burbage d Fairfield; grown round the house- -porches at Tad-

ington rey arvensis. Not s seen.

Solanum Duleamara. Millers Dale, 250 yards.

Scrophularia Balbisii. Wye banks in Monsal wei 200 yards.
—S. nodosa. Common up to 400 yards over Castleton

Digitalis purpurea. Up to 500 yards on Axe Edge.

Linaria Cymbalaria. Walls at Ashford, &c.; alien.

Veronica agrestis. A weed up to 250 yards.—V. arvensis. Fre-
quent up to 400 yards on limestone cliffs over Castleton. — V.

hamedrys. Common up

«serpyliifolia. Up to 350 yards.— V.

12 | --s*ON-‘THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.

to 500 yards. — V. montana. Chee Tor Woods, 250 yards. —
Anagallis. Ascends Wye Valley to 350 yards. — V. Beceabunga.
Common in Swamps up to 500 yards.

Euphrasia afficinalis. Common up to 500 yards.

Bartsia Odontites. Wye Valley up to foot of a. Tor, 250 yards.

Lthinanthus Crista-galli. Common up to 500 yards.

Mentha hirsuta. Wye Valley up to 850 seh — M. sativa.
By the Wye in Millers Dale, 250 yards.—Var. Sais with the type
in Monsal Dale.

Thymus Serpyllum. Common up to 500 yards.

Origanum vulgare. Common in the aetne dales, ascending
to 400 yards at Peveril Castle.

Calamintha Clinopodium. Limestone dales up to 850 yards.

Nepeta Glechoma. Common up to 450 yards near cottages over

urbage.
Prunella vulgaris. Common up to 500 yards.

Stachys schon Common in woods up to 400 yards near
Waterloo

Galeopsis ria been, A common weed up to the highest corn-
fields, 450 yards.

Lamium incisum. A garden weed at Burbage, 350 yards.—L.
purpureum. Common up to 400 yards.—L. album. Wye Valley up
to Tideswell, 250 yards.

Ajuga reptans. Frequent up to 800 yards.

Teucrium Scorodonia. Common amongst the limestone cliffs up
to 400 yards over Castleton.

Myosotis caspitosa. Swamps of Axe Edge up to 500 yards.—
M. palustris. Fine in a Valley up to Millers Dale, 250 yards.—

M. arvensis. Common up to 400 yards.—M. collina. Limestone

cliffs of Millers Dita: &c., 200-300 yards.
Primula vulgaris. Limestone cliffs up to 350 yards.
Anagallis arvensis. Only seen near Rowsley, 200 yards.

Plantago major. Common up to 500 yards.—P. media. Lime- ©

stone banks up to 350 yds.—P. hamigncns a up to 500 yds.
Chenopodium album. Not seen.—C. us-Henricus. Up to
350 yards at Taddington

Atriplex angustifolia. “Millers Dale, 250 phys —A. Smithit. Up |

to highest corn-fields over Burbage, 450 yar
umex nemorosus. Wye Valley up to Chee Tor, 250 yards.—R.
obtusifolius. Common up hs 500 yards.—R. crispus. Common up

to 450 yards.—f. Acetosa and R. Acetosella. Ascend to peak of ©

xe Edge, over 550 yards.

Polygonum Convolvulus and P. av iculare. Ascend to highest corn-
fields over Burbage, 450 yards.—P. Persicaria. Frequent up to 450
yards.—P. amphibium. Wye Valley at Ashford, 200 yards.—P.
Bistorta. Meadow near the Grammar School at Buxton, 350 yards.

Empetrum nigrum. Abundant on Axe Edge, up to the peak,

yards
Euphorbia Peplus. A common weed up to 400 yards.
Mercurialis perennis. Common in the woods up to - gare
Parietaria _ Walls of Haddon Hall, 200 yar

posh ome rhe abeb st aaa

fect gS, a) Np Mite a” see

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. 13

Urtica dioica. Common up to 500 yards.—U. wrens. Not seen.
Ulmus suberosa. Lower part of Wye Valley ; doubtfally pana
——U. montana. Common up to 500 yards; plentiful in the lime-

Quercus Robur. Woods up to 400 yards.

Castanea vulgaris. Chatsworth Park; planted.

Fagus sylvatica. Woods up to 400 yards.

Corylus Avellana, Common up to 400 yar

Alnus glutinosa. Up the Wye Valley to Hexion, 300 yards.

Betula alba. Woods up to 400 yards.

yrica Gale. Not seen.

Populus alba. Wild-looking by the Wye below Chee Tor, 250
yards. oa tremula. Gritstone cliffs in Goyt’s Clough, 450 yards.
—P.nigra. Wye Valley up to Ashwood Dale, 300 yards; likely
plante i

Salix pentandra. Not seen.—S. fragilis. Wye Valley up to
Buxton, 300 yards.—S. vitellina. By the Wye near Monsal Dale
Station, 250 yards.—S. triandra. Wye bank in Millers Dale, 250

yards.—S. purpurea, 8. viminalis, and S. Smithiana. y the Wye
up to Ashwood Dale, 300 yards. —— S. cinerea. Common up to 500
yards on moor near ‘the Cat and Fiddle Inn.—S. aurita. Swamps

near oe Cat and Fiddle Inn, 500 yards.—S. os Common up
to 450 yards in Goyt’s Clough.—S. repens. Not se

Pinus sylvestris. Planted up to 500 yards.

Juniperus communis. gage seg in pts a Dale, 550 yds.

Sparganium ramosum. Ponds u ards.

emna minor. Ponds up to 106 ade.

Potamogeton natans (true). Ponds up to 400 yards.

Triglochin pers Swamps up to 550 yards on Axe Edge.

Listera ovata. Woods over Burbage, 400 yards.

Scilla nutans. Monsal Dale up to 250 yards.

Narthecium ossifragum. Swamps on the moors round Cat and
Fiddle Inn, 500 yards.

Juncus conglomeratus. Millers Dale, 250 yards. — J. effusus.

| - ff
| Common up to 550 yards.—J. sain and J. lamprocarpus. Com-

mon up to 500 SL eaetn . supinus. Moorland aga of Goyt’s
Clough and Axe Edge up to 500 yards.—J, bufoni Com

mon up
to 450 yards.—J. squarrosus. Ascends to peak ao Axe Edge, over
_ 650 yards.

Blysmus compressis. By the Wye below ie ae 250 yards.
Scirpus palustris. Ponds up to 400 yards. — 8S. cespitosus
Abundant on Axe Edge up to over 550 yards. s setaceus. Wye

- Valley up to 250 yards.

—— angustifolium. Moorland swamps up to over 550
yards on Axe Edge.—F. vaginatum. Moorland swamps up to over

550 yards on Axe Edge

Jarex pulicaris, C. nies C. curta, C. geen C. iy meloese C.
panicea, and C. flava. Swamps up to 500 yar ae
Swamps up to 550 yards on Axe RR: peg Wye Valley

14 ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.

below Chee Tor, 250 yards.—c. ampullacea, By the Wye up to
the foot of Chee Tor, 250 yards.
Anthoxanthum odoratum. Common up to the peak of Axe Edge,
over 550 yards
Digraphis arundinacea, Wye Valley up to 800-yards.
Alopecurus genicu whkgy Swamps up to 500 yards.—4A. pratensis.
Common up to 500 yar
_ Phieum pratense. Boies up to 450 yards.
Agrostis canina. Swamps near Cat and Fiddle Inn, 500 yards.
—A, vulgaris. Ascends on Axe Edge, over 550 yards.
Phragmites communis. By the Wye in Monsal Dale, 200 site
ommon up to 500 yards. —- A. fleau
Ascends above 550 yards on Axe Edge.—4A. Bubyapibylian. Foot ‘of
Chee Tor, 250
Avena vans and A. elatior. Common up to 400 yards.—
A. pratensis. Common amongst the limestone cliffs, 200-400 yards.
Holcus mollis and H. lanatus. Common up to 500 yards.
Triodia decumbens. Limestone banks at foot of Chee Tor, 250 ue
Molinia cerulea. Moorland swamps near Cat and Fi ddle Inn
500 yards.
Melica uniflora. Woods up to 800 yards.
Glyceria fluitans and G. plicata. Common up to 500 yards.
Sclerochloa rigida. Wall near Monsal Dale Railway Station,
250 yards. oF
Seaton annua. Ascends to Axe Edge, over 550 yards. — P
Limestone rocks and walls, Haddon, Millers Dale,
eR Dale, &c., 200-350 yards.—P. pratensis. Common up to
ards, — - Var. subcerulea. Common on limestone cliffs and
walls.—P. trivialis. Common up to 450 yards.
Briza media, = cristatus, and Dactylis glomerata. Com-
mon up to 500 yar
Festuca ovina. dees over 550 yards on Axe Edge. —
duriuscula. Frequent up to 500 yards.—F’. elatior. Teiingtos
Wood, 250 yards.—F’. pratensis. Common up to 500 yards.
romus giganteus. Wye Valley up to Buxton, 300 yards.—B.
asper. Wye Valley up to Buxton, 300 yards,—B. sterilis. Ascends
to 400 yards on limestone rocks over Castleton.—B. mollis, Com-
mon up to y :
Brachypodium sylvaticum. Common in woods up to 850 yards,
Triticum caninum. ommon in the limestone woods up to
00 yards.

Nardus ina Ascends over 550 yards on Axe E

Pteris aquilina. Ascends to 550 yards on a gine just
meeting chi ene Chamemorus.

Lomaria Spicant. Ascends to 550 yards on Axe Edge.

Asplenium Ruta-muraria, Limestone cliffs, ascending to 400 yds.
over Cantiaton: —A. Trichomanes. Taddington Wood, 250 yards.

Athyrium Filizx femina. Ascends to 550 yards on Axe Edge.

is. Limestone cliffs over Castleton, 400 yards.

Cystopteris fragilis.
Nephrodium Filiz-mas. Ascends to 450 yards in Goyt’s Clough. |

CYPERACEE NOVE. 15

' Ni dilatatum. Ascends to peak of Axe Edge, over 550 yards.—
N. Oreopteris. Ascends with Pteris and Filix-femina to 550 yards
on Axe Edge.

Polypodium vulgare. Limestone cliffs up to 800 yards. — P.
Robertianum. a estone cliffs, Tapley Pike and below Chee Tor,
250-350 yar

Equisetum arvense. Common up to 450 yards.—E. palustre and
E. limosum. Swamps up to 500 yards.

on CYPERACEZ NOV.
By Henry N. Rovtey, M.A., F.L.8.*

Cyperus divulsus.—Cespitosa, glaucescens, radicibus hel
culmis dabikibas triquetris striatis semipedalibus foliis
guste linearibus acuminatis erectis, culmis brevioribus, va si
integris, spiculis remotis tribus lanceolatis obtusis bracteatis,
bracteis linearibus erectis squamis ovatis breviter a cn dorso
viridescente, lateribus fulvo-brunneis lucidis marginibus angust
scariosis, racheola tetraquetra sub exuosa, foveolis angustis
oblongis, stylo tenerrimo bifido brevissime exserto, caryopsi
subglobosa atra rugosa brevissime apiculata, squama dimidio

Madagsscat, 1 in paludibus Betsileo, No. 4080, Hildebrandt.

A remarkable plant of the Pycreus section, allied to C. inter-
mee Steud., _ the spikelets arranged in a spike, papas Pies we
from each other, each being subtended by its bract,

Pee an umbel ey whorl of bracts, as is almost el in
the genus. Bysciiiens of C. intermedius Steud., and C. stramineus

narrow, and erect, overtopping the spike. The nut is subglobose,
dull black, and remarkably rugose, like that of some Sclerix. The
culms are about 6 in. in height, the longest of the bracts is 8 in.
in length, fae spikelets } an in.

Cc. Smithianus. alis rigidus, glaucus, —,
lanatis, culmis triquetris basi bulbosis foliis linearibus

s
albis, dorso obscure sanguineo-punctata, racheola recta, tetraquetra,
foveolis oblongis, stylo trifido brunneo, longe exserto, caryopsi

minutissima oblongo-ovata obscure trigona ae apiculata
sere flavescente

ngo River, Christian Smith.

i pa apparently ammophilous plant, with bulbous culms,

9 in. in height; numerous stiff leaves, 7 in. long; and four

* The species desnetc and referred to in this paper are in the Herbarium
of the British Mus

16 CYPERACEZ NOVE.

reading involucral leaves, 4 in. in length. The spikelets are.

sprea
crowded together into a loose head; they are white, and } an in.
in length. The glumes (1 line long) are rather broad, and three-
ribbed ; the ribs aia: distant. The nut is very eM oe is not
quite ripe. Beinn affinity of oe plant is Bipes C. proteino
: —_ culmo singulo, sbeagehe fguebie
basi taihane eelabad Miroell foliis pluribus glaucis cul-
mum superantibus, late-lineari-acuminatis, marginibus et carina
—— involucralibus 4 patentibus vel reflexis linearibus acumi-
natis glaucis basi vix sting capitulo singulo ovato, spiculis
soo oo parvis, squa inatis
umin rvo, mvaibiatviatis dorso albo marginibus scariosis
Bisis trifido ‘len gaad ulo brunnescente exserto caryopsi (immatars)
oblonga triquetra.
Congo, Christian Smith.
A small plant, with the habit of a Kyllinga, 8 in. in height,
with stiff glaucous leaves, _ a small ovate white capitulum,
4 + of an in. in length. The spikelets are very small and flattened,

vaginatis ste linearibu ecidis culmos superantibus, va-
ginis integris ore scariosis hoor eo-punctatis, involucralibus
4 linearibus reflexis uno longissimo apice scabridis, spicis 3, arcte

gis
congestis sessilibus, spiculis sean: allipticis turgidulis parvis
u oris, eee 8 — us ovatis, superioribus oe
carinatis 14 costa viridi lateribus fulvis sanguineo-
punctatis, stylo pli profunde & trifido complanato janet exserto
caryopsi (immatura) oblonga trique
adagascar, Hilsenberg & Bojer.

The affinity of this plant is with C. flavus Bekler non Presl
Mariscus flavus Vahl.), from which it is distinguished by its small
ovate capitulum, little spikelets, and very long scarious vagine,
like those of C. dubius Rottb., of which it has much the habit.
The culms are 9 in. in h eight; the vagine 4 in. long; longest
involucral bract, 4

The foll Ai iain occur in Madagascar, but are not included
in Mr. C. Clarke’s list in vol. xx. of the ‘Journal of the
Linnean cist ty’:—C. dichrostachys Hochst., Arikafina, South
Betsileo, Hildebrandt, No. 4016, a native also of Lower Guinea and
Abyssinia; and C. nes grag Vahl., Madagascar, Thompson,
as a tropical African plant. C. nudicaulis Poir., not seen by Mr.
Clarke from oe usage was collected by Hildebrandt at Andrang-
vloaka (No. 3741

=

Scleria Hilsenber ergii—Culmis debilibus triquetris pauci-
foliatis ultra pedalibus, ieee viridibus flaccidis linearibus mar-
ginibus apicium ciliatis icula laxa, ramis capillaribus sub-
flexuosis fasciculis ei ‘souaitiba ad viginti, prot ovatis
longe mucronatis, quam fasciculos brevioribus, mucrone ciliato
spiculis binis vel ternis, parvis masculis Joeustsalieia “commixtis,

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE. if

lineolatis dorso viridi, caryopsi globosa ‘ego breviter apiculata,
tuberculosa, alba, basi angustata trigona

Madagascar, Hilsenber rg & Bojer.

This plant is allied to S. verticillata Sw. The culms are 14 in.
in height; the leaves shorter, rather narrow, 1 line in diameter ;
the branches of the panicle very slender, and longer than in
verticillata; and the spikelets are longer and narrower. The
rhizome is absent in both specimens.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE.
By W. H. Bessy.

Tue following notes are the result of a stay of eight days at St.
— Deeping, South Lincolnshire, at the end of July and begin-
g of August last. The area ‘vestigated + was eeird sSinpaanig
duly the neers ne eighbourhoo od of Deeping, the course of the
Biger Welland from Deeping to Crowland, and that portion of
Deeping Fen which is enclosed by the North Drove, South Drove,
and Cross Drains, as far northward as Littleworth. The soil about
_ Deeping and the western part of the Fen is chiefly gravel, but
round Littleworth rand about the South Drove Drain a clayey soil
prevails. The drainage of the Fen was first ate mpted in the reign

q enry I. ‘‘ This work, considering the times, was a success,
_ for, although many lakes and sykes remained, the general surface
p to the

_ the first to be drained, is now a Fen only in name, and arable lands
_ and drains alternate para te a prospect unbroken by broad,
_ or mere, or even bog. Thus none of the rare fen plants on to be
found, and observations are reatiiokel to corn-field plants and
aquatics. Attention was chiefly given to the latter

The number of ee noted was about 300, of which Some
the Beta, two doubtful pond- weeds, and five Characee) 26 ar
unrecorded for South Lineatibhv in Top. Bot., ed. 2.
_addition to this number would doubtless have resulted had investi-

gations pies pushed in the direction of capes on the gravel, and
ad the corn-field plants been more closely studi
Spent at Satan Bridge and the adjoining coast produced nothing
special interest, Beta maritima L. being the only addition to the
vice-county from that neighbourhood.

It e borne in mind that remarks as to the ee &e., of
he several plants refer to the area above de *. wee ne t to ‘the
e- Arheced generally. Those species which ar o South
Lincolnshire are marked with * in the following list, ont pa ee

ep

‘ The Fenland, Past ia Present.’ By S. J. Miller and S. B. J. ae
JouRnaL oF Botany.—Vou. 22. [Janvary, 1884.)

squamis iiforiOe bub ovatis ring ere tapes longis, supe-
rioribus lanceolatis acuminatis mucronatis ferrugineis sanguineo-~ ~

18 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE.

those plants iii seem worthy of notice, on account of their
rarity or the con

Thalictrum pee L. Rar ; leaves only, by the South Drove
Drain. Bele at. in fruit fy the Cross Drain. The latter I believe
var. ium Jord.
*Ba nunculus trichophyllus Chaix. Plentiful in a ditch by the
roadside at Littleworth. “I think your Ranunculus from Little-
worth is trichophyllus,” Prof. eed — Ri. sceleratus L. About

Deeping ; not common. — R. Lingua L. Only seen sparingly in a
iece of fenny oat adjoining the railway between Deeping an
Littleworth.— R. acris L., and R. repens L., both frequent; R.

b
bulbosus not no oa —R. arvensis L. Corn- fields, Deeping and Deep-
ing Fen.

Nymphea alba L. Rare; sparingly in the South Drove Drain.
Mr. Thompson’s fish-pond, Deeping. Introduced at the latter
station ; roots from Eastbourne.

apaver Rheas L. Corn-fields in the Fen; not abundant.—
P. dubium L. Near the zaulway, Deeping. Thisi is the var. Lamottei.
Perhaps P. Lecogii occurs in a corn-field between Littleworth and
the South Drove Drain; sap yellow, but capsule scarcely, satis-
factory.—P. Argemone L. Sparingly about Deeping.

*Sinapis alba L. Waste ground at Deeping. — S. nigra L. By

the River Welland, Crowland.

isymbrium officinale Scop. Only seen at Crowland.—S. Alliaria
not observed.

rysimum cheiranthoides L. Waste ground near Deeping; not
Fon

seen in the

Nasturtium sylvestre Brown. By drains bani Crowland. — N.
amphibium Brown. River Welland below Dee

Stellaria aquatica Scop. Noted.— 8. graminea :h, Only once
seen, by the roadside between Deeping and the Cross Drain

Sagina nodosa Meyer. At the junction of the South Drove and
Cross Drains
Hypericum tetrapterum Fries. Not very abundant, and the only
species noted.

lalva sylvestris and M., potanilivelia L. Both about ~Deeping

and Crowland ; Benue very plen

aan catharticum L. By the yn Drain, towards Baston.

Geranium panies Burm., dissectum I., G. molle,
rather feacnene but nowhere A aa —G. Robertianum L. Dee eep-
ing.

*Ononis arvensis Auct. Roadside from Deeping to Stamford.

at Sutton

Sanguis ts offic nalis L. Not unfrequent in damp ditches —

Sakti Deeping and the Fen

sa canina L., var. dumalis, Hedges near Deeping in several
ved. :

places. The only form obser
Pyrus Malus L., var. ae. Hedges of fields near Deeping.

*Epilobium tetragonum Li. Ditches between Deeping and the
y°

Sheek minus Relh., and T. procumbens L. Not seen, except f

¥

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE. 19

g Myriophyllum verticillatum L. Only seen in Mr. Thompson’s
fish-pond, Deeping. — * M. spicatum i With the above and
4 eee common. — * M. alterniflorum DC. Noted, and I think

. Hip spel vulgaris L. Very common in drains, &c.

_ _ *Callitriche obtusangula Le Gall.— The common species of the
_ district. — C. stagnalis Scop. (aggr.). ieee less common than the
last, No other species was seen in fruit

Sedum acre L. Walls at Deeping, and dry banks by the River
Welland towards Crowland.

Sempervivum tectorum L. Cottage roofs at Deeping.

ume Saxifraga L. Only seen in one place by the Cross ,

g "Siu U ot ime L. ee frequent in the Fen about Little-
_ worth; more so about Crowland.

4 Gnanthe Phellamdrium bi noes common, — *(. fluviatilis
_ Colem. River Welland below Deeping. I record this, Wiboas
7 ata hesitation, from its habit Nine: having omitted to examine
_ the plan

Pasesaeiia sativa L., Railway banks near Deeping. Introduced ?
; Torilis nodosa Gaert. Dry banks by the River Welland, near
_ Crowland.

4 Conium —— L. Frequent, and attaining a ay size.
Galium verum L. Deeping.—G. palustre L. mmon

cabiosa arvensis L. Only seen by the road from Deeping to

Stamford

Carduus nutans . Rather en —C. crispus L, Banks of
- South Drove and sate ipa —C. palustris L. Only seen in one
_ place by the Cross Dra
— Arctium majus Schl. "Rather frequent in the Fen by the road-
_ side from Deeping to Crowland. Another plant seen near the
_ Cross Drain is perhaps the var. subtomentosum Lange.
Filago germanica L. Sparingly by the Cross Drain.
7 Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Almost absent, although looked oa
| everywhere in the expectation of finding var. pilulare. Only tw
_ plants were seen—in the Fen near Littleworth.
Senecio sylvaticus L. Littleworth.
. - Petasites vulgaris L. Abundant by the River Welland, at Market
_ Deeping.

Tussi eepea cleat! L. Only seen by the road from Deeping
towards Bas
Biondi’ kate L. Littleworth.—Z. autumnalis L. Common
_ about Deeping, &c. Very variable.
7 =e Helminthia echioides Gaert. By the road from Deeping to

ston.

Tragopogon pratensis L. Not in flower; apparently var. minor.
oat seen by the River Welland near Crow “lan

_ *Taraxacum officinale Li., var. levigatum, On walls at Deeping
St. James.

20 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE.

Sonchus arvensis L. The Fen plant is noticeable on account of
its copiously-branched stem and deeply-cut leaves.

*Crepis biennis L. A rather common plant in hedge-banks and
grassy places by roadsides about Deeping.

Verbascum Thapsus L. Only seen in cottage gardens at Deeping.

Veronica hederifolia, V. polita, V. agrestis, V. arvensis, V.
Chamedrys L. All noted bolt Deeping. — V. Anagallis and
V. Beccabunga L. By the River Neo below Deeping.

Lycopus europeus Li, Deeping ; not ¢

Mentha sativa L. Pits in a field near st Deoping Station.

Galeopsis versicolor Curt. Plenti corn-fields.

Myosotis palustris With. The only ‘Gib of the aquatic species
observed.
Utricularia vulgaris L. Rather plentiful in the Cross and South
Drove Drains. Only one specimen seen in “ae gy x.

Hottonia augers L. Deeping, Crowland, &

Plantago media L. In one place by the saaliatie towards Baston.

Chenopodium rubrum L. Deeping. — C. Bonus-Henricus L.
Crowland.

*Rumex maximus Schreb. River Welland, between Deeping and
Crowland. Not in ripe fruit, but the strongly- -cordate leaves and
furrowed petiole leave no doubt as to the species. New to atson’s
Province VIII. dines for North Essex in Top. Bot.

Parietaria diffusa ; eeping
* Ulmus montana Bai "Titieworth, Planted ?
Typha latifolia L., var. media. In several places by the South
Drove Drain, near Littleworth.
Sparganium ramosum Huds. Crowland, &c.— S. simplex Huds.
—
mna trisulea and L. polyrhiza L. Both abundant in drains
near rOoue nd,
otamogeton natans L. Rather common. — P. oblengus Pout.
Certainly rare; I think once seen in the Fen near Littleworth.—
is heterophyllus Schreb. Will probably be found in the North
Drove Drain, which had been recently ‘“‘ roaded,” so that the plants
were es ee anon —P. Zizi M. & K.? North Drove Drain ;
Drain near Crowland. On these plants Mr. Arthur Bennett
eink. ‘*T feel pretty sure P. Zizii, but it is hardly safe to assume
e so on account of the state of the specimens.” These

drains had been recently roaded ae lucens Li ery
h var. acuminatus EB. A curious form with obovate leaves
occurs in River Welland. — “P deeipiens Nolte. Sparingly 10

e Dra n
but that of Silesia,” Arthur Bennett. — P. densus L. Very com-
mon ; more so than P. erispus.—* P. pusillus L. Frequent, with var.
tenuissimus.
Shegencarataes palustris L. Deeping. te pedicillata Fries. Plenti-
a drain by the roadside at Littleworth.

Triglochin palustre L. By the North - Dro ove Dra

Alisma lanceolata With. Frequent.—A. eieatsial: South
Drove and Cross Drains.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH LINCOLNSHIRE. pa

Butomus umbellatus L. Crowland, Deeping, &c
*Hydrocharis Morsus-rane L. In several drains near Crow-
nd.

Tris Pseud-Acorus L. In fruit by Mr. Thompson’s fish-pond,
Apt anode a ( ‘ee a

| *Jun usifloru Fenny ground by the a betweeu
: Racers Sad pe hited “pienifl in the Cross Drain.—J. acuti-
florus was not seen.—*J. compressus Jacq. Somewhat Bee er in

one place by the ie Dain. Possibly hidden in other places by
q the longer herbag,

irpus seit L. Abundant in the larger drains, but not
seen in eter or fruit. ree palustris L. Deeping, Littleworth, #6:
—S. lacustris L. Deepin

. *Carex disticha Huds. Fiathibe moh sl in wet eo &c., about
_ Deeping, and towards the nate station. — C. vulpina Li. The
4 eet species. — C. muricata L. Sa ine ‘by the River
4 and, near Crowland ; pci seen elsewher *C. flava L.

a. ““ &.”? — C. Pseudo-cyperus L. Ditches by Pete roads
leading from Deeping towards Baston.—C. riparia Curt. Rather
_ abundant in one place by the Cross Drain, helo Baston
Agrostis alba L., var. stolonifera. Common in the Fen
Sclerochloa rigida Link. Walls and dry <tr about Dee
rH en communis Li. In the Cross Drain, ae stolons rT ft.
n observed to be stoloniferous seetctaai
+ tesa: fatua L,, var. pilosissima. Roadside age ss rcs
Briza media L. Deeping.

* Festuca elatior L. en ts eek about Deeping.

Bromus giganteus L. Hedges about Deeping. — B. commutatus
=a Under the walls of Cnwling Abbey. — B. mollis

owla

Triticum repens L, Not so common as var. barbatum Duval-
ouve, which is the Spt form

Hordeum murinum L. ceping.

Equisetum palustre and EF. arvense L. Deeping.—E. limoswm L.
owland, and in several parts of the Fen

Tolypella Sealifoen Leonh. See Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 280.

Chara vulgaris L. Frequent, but not abundant, except in a var oe
it by the railway near Deeping, A plant from a ditch near

way-station has been named var. longibracteata by Misses.
roves.—C. hispida L. Deeping, &c. Chiefly in the Cross Drain.

. aspera Willd. The commonest species and the only one that
generally plentiful. Covering the bottoms of the larger drains

sith nnd odwiai :

ily passed over, as it occurs among dense growth of Myriophyllum,

geese collected are referred to the above variety

y the Messrs. Groves, to whom and to Mr. Arthur Bennett my

nks are due for their brace in examining the Characee@ and

amogetons. No Characee seem to have been hitherto recorded
uth shire.

23. A THIRD NEW CHINESE RHODODENDRON.
E Laci §

In conclusion, I trust that these notes may be the means of
interesting other botanists in the flora of the county, where much
work evidently remains to be done.

A THIRD NEW CHINESE RHODODENDRON.
By H. F. Hanon, Ph.D., F.L.S., &e.

My sharp-sighted and indefatigable friend, the Rev. B. C. Henry,
made, during May last, in company with Captain Calder, of the
Imperial Chinese Navy, an excursion to the Lo-fau-shan range,

t forty miles north-east of Canton. These mountains, studded
with monasteries, both Buddhist and Taoist, where the traveller
can obtain shelter, form a series of plateaux whence arise peaks,
some of them attaining a height of 8500 feet, nearly double that of
Victoria Peak, the loftiest summit in Hong-Kong. The botanical
specimens collected by Mr. Henry and others, some of which have
already been described in these pages, leave no doubt in my mind that
this locality is by far the richest and most interesting within acces-
sible distance of the provincial capital. It is quite famous amongst
Chinese ‘Piforé01, and I feel assured that its careful exploration
would lead to the discovery of a large number of valuable an
ornamental trees and shrubs, as well as herbaceous plants. I trust
that the Kew authorities, in the interests of science, may induce
the Colonial Office to arrange for this scarcely known but easily

Lin ad
gw’ Rhododendron (Evruopopenpron, subseries 4) simiarum, §P-

nov.—Frutescens e, ramulis angulatis nodosis glaberrim!s;
s rigide coriaceis oblongis basi cuneatis apice obtusis marge
revolutis supra gla s olivaceis sublucidis costa tenuiter 12

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA, or

dense fulventibus v. albidis costa fortiter prominente nervis ten

bus venularum rete nunc nudato 8 poll. longis 10-12 lin. latis
ali, gemmarum rage eal ovoidearum squamis

multiseriatis orbicularibus dorso tomento aureo sericeo vestitis

margine ciliatis, floribus cire. 5 ter baa corymbosis, pedicellis

3-8 lin. “s ngis albo- Siloite: calyce parvo angusto leviter 5-dentato

v. cupular mw ieee corolle infundibulari-campanulate utrinque

hr

glaberrimez roseolo-albw intus pulchre purpureo punctate odore
14-15 lin. ale sursum ampliate fere ad medium 5-lobe lobis
rot is, stami inequalium dimidi v. duas tertias

crassiusculo glabro corolle equilongo stigmate capitato lobulato,
capsula breviter ellipsoidea recta obtusa 6 lin. longa basi calyce in-
Sueate iscoideo cincta.
In jugi Lo-fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis, loco unico, Ma-lau-t’ung
(h. e. “ vallis arta et prerupta simiarum’’) dicto, nebulis semper
obnoxio, sepius muscis obvallatum sed letissime florens, invenit
scrutator oculeus rev. B. C. Henry, m. Maio 1883. (Herb. propr.
n. 22205).

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.
i( Continued from vol. xxi., p. 336).

98. 8. etnata Spring Mon. ii. 211; Fl. Bras. i. 127, t. 7;
Liphook Me marginatum H. B. K. — Stems trailing to a length of
2-3 ft., subterete, jointed at the nodes, copiously pinnate, with

s close on the
branchlets, a aie on the stem, rather ascending, oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 1- 12th + 1-8th in. long, rather rigid in texture, near
equal-sided, ‘mbricated over the stem, with a spur-like auricle
from the base on the upper gi which is shortly oot leaves
of the upper piss one-third to one-half as long, oblique ovate, not
cuspidate. Spikes }-4 in. jane, square ; birsicts ovate- -lahpoaciate:
crowded, strongly keeled.

Hab. Guiana and Central Brazil. Humboldt’s original nee
men was gathered on the banks of the Orinoco, not in Mexi

99. S. macroclada, n. sp. — Stems entirely trailing, reaching
a length of 2 ft. or more, jointed at the nodes, acutely ee on
both back and face, excurrent at the end, furnished with numerous
excurrent alternate pinnately arranged branches, with Sontigaoes
simple erecto-patent branchlets. Leaves of the lower plane close
both on branches and branchlets, more or less ascending, lanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, acute, 1- 12th to 1-8th in. oti. moderately
firm in texture, more produced on the upper side of the midrib,

where they are rounded and shortly ciliated, slightly imbricated

a ee ee ee te eT RE ae ere te reer pee.

FS gs A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

sda the an auricled at the base on the lower side; leaves of the
per plane one-half to a as long, oblique ovate, acute, much
sbrion ted. Spikes not s
Bish. British Guiaiia. "Agia 802! Well-marked from sto-

sein and marginata by its plan of branching.
100. 8. P

appiciana Spring Mon. ii. 217, ex parte; S. Martensit
hale in Lechler se Peruy. No. 2016, non Spring ; Laos
Peppigianum Hook. rev., eX parte. — Stems trailing, 1-2 ft.

subok use, 4-% in. long, riche green and moderately firm in

oblong, with a aistinct cusp. Spies singe, ee in. long,
diam. ; bracts oe acute, sharply keeled.

Hab. s, from New Granada to Peru

101. 8. Seaceans A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran. 880; 8. suavis é
Peppigiana Spring, ex parte; Lycopodium radiculosum Kunze. —
Stems trailing, a foot or more long, jointed at the nodes, flat on
the back, bisulcate on the face, copiously apie: with eee:
compound short erecto-patent branches. Leaves of the low
plane spaced even on the branchlets, ascending, Haesolaie, sane
4-4 in. long, pave green, moder. ately firm in texture, a little more

per side i

one-third as long, oblique ovate, cuspidate, imbrica Spikes
= in. long, ¢ lin. diam., square; bracts ovate- fiugeolnte, strongly

ne aa: Andes, from New Granada to Peru. Ver r 8.
Peppigiana, from which it differs by its less unequal- sided anes
distinctly auricled on the lower side at the base

102. S. canescens Fée Fil. Bras. 99, t. 108, fig. 2. — Stems
trailing, 4 ft. long, flat on both back and face, pubescent, jointed
at the nodes, ory meet with short flabellately compound

cuneate branches. Leaves of the lower plane close on the
branchlets, spaced on the main stem, oblong-lan oe acute,
1-12th to 1-8th in. long, more produced on the upper of the

upper plane one-half as long, ovate-lanceolate, minute, muc
imbricated. Spikes not s

Hab. Rio Janeiro, Glazion 4489 !

108 suavis Spring Mon. 216, ex parte; A. Br. in Crypt. tei
Gran. 881.— 8S. Glaziovii Fée Fil. Bras. 239, tab. 75, fig.

. Stems tailing: a foot or more long, flat on the back, hen on

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 25

a face, ites at the nodes, copiously pinnate, with sone ousl

poun ort cuneate branches. Leaves of the low lane
atoas on the pew rs spaced on the main aie oblong- lanceolate,
acute, }- in. long, bright green and moderately firm as xtur

' more produced on fis upper side of the midrib, bro nee ended

® and a little imbricated over the stem and shortly sibiated 2 on the
upper side at the base, distinctly raat on the lower side; leaves
of the upper plane a third as s long, oblique ovate, with a long ise

much imbricated. Spikes 1-3 in. long, square, 3-1 lin. diam

bracts ovate- mag me A strongly keeled. i

Hab. Rio Janeiro, Glaziou 4482! 4502!

104. §. suncata Spring Mon. ii. 214; Lycopodium sulcatum

i ozo Fl. Flum

ab.
Var. cruenta Spring (S. aol Fée Fil. Bras. 280, non
Spring) is a form with bright red sa and root-fibres. S. Hum-
boldtiana A. Br. in Fil. Nov. Gran. 377, from the banks of the
0co, is said to differ from ciate by its more flaccid texture,
rter base on the upper side of the leaves of the lower plane, and
wer side with a longer auricle.

1 arFinis A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran. 380; S. Peppigiana

Big: wasiodats: irittiniad. s $4 in. bee square,
racts ovate- ag stot eects keeled.
uiana. close ally of S. Peppigiana and Kunzeana.
rare species in cultivatio

S. sylvatica, n. sp.—Stems with the root-fibres confined
the lower half, about a foot ‘eae, jointed at the nodes, flat on
€ back, bisuleate on the face, copiously pinnate, with copiously

mpound erecto-patent branches. Leaves of the lowe ape close
uly at the tip of the branchlets, the upper as eccnting “ke e lower
tent, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 4-4 in. long, almost neha

26 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

in texture, more produced on the upper side of the midrib, con-
SeRabusly ciliated at the base, broadly rounded and imbricated
over the stem on the upper side, slightly auricled on the lower;
leaves of the upper plane a third a cee oblique oblong, with a
long cusp. Spikes short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate,
strongly keeled

In shady woods near the town of Panama, Seemann 81!

8. A Spring Mon. ii., 104; Lycopodium diffusum

Preal, Ossie aes a foot long, trailing, jointed at the nodes, flat
on the back, suleate on the face, copiously pinnate, the branches
erecto-patent, the lower with 5-6 short eee Leaves ue e
lower plane patent, ovate-deltoid, very a nate, 3-4 m
rigid, bright green, conspicuously ciliated at the a Wade, more e produced
on the upper side of the midrib, rounded at the base on the upper
side, cordate and sinietea on the lower; leaves of the upper plane

a third as long, ovate-oblong, acuminate. Spikes short, square ;
belts ovate-acuminate, strongly keeled.

— anama, Henke.

108. S. zuryyota A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran., 877.—Stems
trailing, a foot or more long, intel at the nodes, flat on the back,
bisulcate on the face, copiously pinnate, the short erecto-patent

ranches copiously compound. Leaves of the lower plane spaced
even on the branches, ascending on the branchlets, lanceolate,
acute, 4-4 in. long, bright green and moderately firm in texture,
nearly equal-sided, not distinctly auricled nor viliated 1 nor imbri-
cated over the stem at the base ; leaves of the upper plane a third
as long, oblique ovate, with a short ¢ cusp. Spikes copious, square,
4-4 in. long iam.; bracts ovate-cuspidate, strongly keeled.
H ab. loath Rai, Hoffman mn 907! Guatemala, re 83!

Empire state, common in damp places, Sutton Hayes 228
. 8 mntowEes A. Br. in Planch. and Trian. “Cerne Nov.

auricled on both sides; leaves of the upper plane ae as long,
oblique ovate, pacba: not cuspidate. Spikes }-} in. long, square,
lin. ts ovate acute, atectigty keeled.

Hab. West Indies and Andes of Venezuela, New Granada,
Eeuador and Bolivia. The locality of Moutitias, ‘given by Sieber
ve me type, is no doubt a mistake. S. macrophylla A. Br., ‘ie cit-,

e Andes of Bolivia, seems to be a tas luxuriant variety 0
this ae.
(To be continued.)

ee es

Fe eT ETE PR ee Te PEE ED ee RE ee Pe ee eT eee ee

27

‘ SHORT NOTES.

Prorerogyny In Eryturma capitata Willd.—Some observations
which I have lately made on the opening flowers of Erythrea
capitata Willd. var. <geeid sayin Towns. seem worthy of record.

length. After a while the corolla grows faster than the calyx, and,
up to the time it has extended about one-eighth of an inch beyond
the calyx tips, it remains closed, the tips of the petals meeting so
closely that no opening between them is visible. But now another
organ hurries its growth and steals a march upon the corolla. The
tips of the petals are gradually forced away by the more rapid
growth of the pistil, and the two flattened disks of the bifid stigma
—up to this time pressed eat face to face—separate, expand, -
and become exposed to vi Thus the plant is eminently pro-
terogynous. Sometimes a ‘stigma- disks protrude a little beyond
the corolla, but they are always tightly surrounded by the petals,
so as effectually to prevent access to the stamens. After a few
days the state of things is again changed; the growth of the
germen is arrested for a while, while that of the corolla continues,
so that in a few days it completely redevelopes and encloses a
germen, hides the stigma-disks, and affords ores . them

or upper surface, which is a wise provision, for insects are attracted
to the unopened flowers of the brighter colour, though no honey is
prepared for them, and hence the blossom is more certainly fecun-
dated. Only a few flowers of the flowering tuft open at atime. I
have not noticed whether this peculiar mode of pri is com-
mon to other species of Erythrea.—FReprericK TowNsEN

Carex Licerica Gay In Enexanp.—In the autumn ane 1878 Mr.
J. Caithaah: of Helston, Cornwall, sent me a Carex labelled “‘ Carex
arenaria, slender form. St. Mary’s, Scilly Isles, July, 1878, J.
Cunnack.” Having occasion to carefully examine all my specimens
of C. arenaria, I felt some doubt about the plant, and wrote to Mr.
J. Lloyd, of Nantes, for living specimens of C. ligerica and C.
Schreberi, which he o Bei kindly sent; when these rere it

28 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

determination, but considers it ml a variety or form of C. arenaria.
Whether this is so or not, Nyman, in his ‘ Conspectus,’ accepts it as

a species, and places twenty-three species between it and C. arenaria,
but this arrangement is due to its mode of inflorescence. I hope
to grow it by the side of C. arenaria, and shall watch it under
D Bea aera BENNETT.

Potyconum minus Huds. iy Camsrincesuire.—This plant, not
acctea from the county since the time of Ray, grows in sess
Washes, along the drift-way at the base of the oe Bank,
the toll-house at Welches Dam to the Manea Eng I have n a
found it growing in water, but by the sides oa ditehes and in damp
places where the water has eae ee: ——ALFR R.

BurLevRuM apy aig Linn. INLAND IN pen IDGESHIRE.—
Prof. Babington’s ‘ Flor fps. this is marked as extinct in
the inland localities at Eltisley and Hinton Moor : in October, 1882,
I found it growing plentifully at Water-gull Hill, Sutton, in the
Isle of Ely. It extended over the bank of the lowered road the
whole length of the hill; some plants growing on the highest and.
dryest part, sixty or seventy feet above the level of the Fens, a
considerable elevation in this flat country. The plants were very
luxuriant, some being quite eighteen inches high. This station is
very like Ray’s old Huntingdonshire locality at Great Stukely,
where the plant may probably be agg far deg other annual

plants it does not appear every r not one could be
found, although it is evidently alk leben from — great
extent and varied nature of the ground it covered.—ALFrep Fryer.

Azou~a CaROLINIANA NATURALISED In Mippiesex. “This curious
little re line: is just now to be seen in a very strange position
on a ore pond near Pinner, Middlesex ; it is a native . Carolina,

d was brought to this country a a few years since to be
erown in tanks made in greenhouses. In its present _pusitioe at
Pinner it has succeeded in covering the pond, and the effect is

striking, as it voveiides the green chickweed [duckweed.] In
tint is v

growing. —T. W. OpELL in ‘ Science Gab, Dec., 1883, p. 279.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Shakspere Flora. A Guide to all the principal passages in which
mention is made of Trees, Plants, Flowers, and Vegetable Pro-
ductions ; with comments and botanical oe ticulars. By Leo
GRINDON. 883.

Manchester: Palmer &

Ir is five years since Mr. Ellacombe nee his volume on
‘The Plant-lore and Garden-craft of f Shakespeare,’ of which we

’
2 NOTICES OF BOOKS. 29
-

spoke in commendation in this Journal for 1878 (p. 851). It may
have ee doubted if there was room for another volume on the

mn
a
&.
fo)
ic)
cf
|
o
oe
= 4
@
n
S
nm
oO
oO
of
se
8
AF Q¢
zo.
Bb
Qu
°
B.
ea)
os
©
2)
>a
o
a
3
2
ic)
Pee
5
i]

. Ellaco
two in any way interfere with oneti other. Those who know
' Grindon’s style will expect to find in these pages a cracefully
-written gacaen of trees and flowers, abounding with apt illustra-
_ tion and classical reference, and they will not be disappointed. In
some instances new light is thrown upon disputed Sy perce as

is

writers have evidently taken great pains. But it is to be regretted

that Mr. Grindon makes no reference to Mr. Ellacombe’s ae of

which he is not likely to have been ignorant, and which deserved a
tion ;

ld. We are not quite clear that Mr. Grindon is right in supposing
that the word “‘ eanker’’ was transferred to the Dog Rose from the
Cynips with which oe shrub is so often affected ; it is the fruit of

e rose which e name in several counties, Nien in
others the plant ‘6 “ealled asap and Heywood, writin
1636, calls it Canker-flower. The name‘ Dian’s bud,’ rialnoked iy
Mr. Ellacombe, Mr. Grindon canada but does not identify.

Bape s jee die vorweltliche Entwickelung der Erdkruste und der
Pflanz Grundziigen dargestellt, von Dr. Orro Kunze.
icine Paul Frohberg. 4,

4 gE first portion of this work is occupied with a survey of
_ geological time divided ao epochs of temperature. The whole
period is separated into two, the inorganic and cryptobiotic period,
during which the ee of the earth ranged between 1

and 40° C, and, dating from its shoes to the present time, the
phenobiotic period. Both periods are subdivided into epochs of

chemically or biologically. The eryptobiotic period thus consists
of three mace during the last of which lowly organisms made
their appearance, but without leaving = trace of their existence.
The phenobiotic period is divided into the Azonal-Marine and
Zonal-Terrestrial apo the first oar nite and the second thrice

ea
favourite doctrine of the marine growth of coal-measure vegetation.
A sketch illustrative of these views is appended.

E have received a copy of Mr. Tudor’s extensive and inte-
resting work entitled ‘ The Orkneys and Shetland,’ which has lately
been published by Mr. Edward Stanford, of Charing Cross. The
chapters on the Flora, seat more especially call for notice here,
are by Messrs. W. Irvine Fortescue and Peter White respectively.

80 NOTICES OF BOOKS,

From the style of printing—each specific name beginning wi with a
csistat letter—we should be inclined to think that the pees had
been placed in somewhat unpractised hands, but this an
editorial blunder. We regret, however, that Mr. Fuvkasods should
not have printed here the list of Orkney plants which he has just
completed in the ‘ deere > Sieg ’ instead of contenting iim.
self ‘with an enumeration of the rarer species which have been
verified by Dr. Boswell. "The Shetland list is fuller, but even less
satisfactory, aa abounds in misspellings. In neither case is there

pp. 2-15) or Mr. Watson’s ‘ Florula Orcadensis ’ ce 1864, pp. 11-
20) so much as referred to. It is only right to add that the
other portions of the book seem to have been much more carefully
and oe done

Messrs. Cassett & Co. send us the Third Series of their
‘ Familiar Gave en Flowers’ and the Fourth of their ‘ Familiar
Wild Flowers,’ which abt all the excellencies and all the defects.
e a preceding volum The figures are, with some exceptions,
, the Wood Sota, ,—pretty and accurate, so far as they g0;
the hourres is inadequate, and might easily convey much more
information without in any way sacrificing the popular style which
is essential to works of this kind. In the ‘Garden Flowers,’
entaurea montana is figured as C. Cyanus, to which plant a the
descriptive portion refers: the true C. Cyanus is given in the * Wild
Flowers.’ We doubt if the plant figured as Potentilla alpestris 18,
as Mr. Hibberd implies, the British species ae by that name;
e nam feet seems an ee «English name’”’ for the
plant. Mm ¢ is a true British plant, although Mr.
Hibberd civ poeitirin us 5 & the contrary. Mr. Hulme’s treat-
ment of the wild flowers is less open to criticism ae Mr.
Hibberd’s init of dealing with the garden ones; but in neither
case is see best use made of an wxcelliank opportunity for interesting
people in familiar flowers.

We have received from Mr. F. T. Mott, of Leicester, a copy of
a ain of twenty-five oblong pages, entitled ‘ The Fruits of all
One Mr. Mott gives in tabular form a list of 515 “ fruits,”
the ‘word in its popular, not its botanical sense, showing the
native region of each, with the habit of the plant, the ae
and qualities of the fruit, and an indication of what part of
fruit is eaten; the popular name is added where a well- Ce ome
rere A good deal of useful information has thus been brought
oge

ew Booxs.—H. R. Goprerr, ‘Catalog der botanischen Museum
der Tauvensitah Breslau’ io pp. vii. 54, 1 plate; Gorlitz, Remer).*
—E. Burnat & A. Gremt, ‘ Catalogue raisonné des Hieracium des
Alpes Maritimes’ (8vo, ou: 84: Datei, Georg). —J. DurrscHMiD,

* Contains figure and description of Agave Goeppertiana Jacobi, 2. sp.

ee eS ee

Ea

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 81

‘Die Flora yon Oberésterreich ’ (iii. Band: 8vo, p
S

p. 454: Linz
- Korb). — O. Herrwie, ‘ Die 7 mbiose oder das Guliosnaiiactate:

: rahe of Phy ete alben .). — ‘ British Orchids

leben im Thierreich’ (8vo, . 50: 1 plate: Jena, Fischer).—
. A. Saccarpo & G. BizzozEro, ‘ “(Worn Briologica della Venezia’
(8vo, pp. 111: Venezia, Antone li).

ArticLes in Journats.—DEcEMBER.

American Journal of Science. — A. Gray, ‘ Botanical Nomen-
clature.

American Natur alist. — J. M. Coulter, ‘Development of a
Dandelion Flower.’ — J. F. J ames, ‘ Position of Composite and
Orchidee in the Natur al System.’ — C. EH. Bessey, ‘A new insect-
destroying Fungus’ (Entomopthora calopteni, n.sp.). — J. B. Ellis,
‘On Crgtencapbrangtins and Restelia.’ — W. Frear, ‘ peste: of
Cell-wall in Cotyledonous Starch. cells of Lima Bean Ae:
Ellis & G. Martin, ‘New Florida rhs (Aylographum pucreieae,
Pezza gelatinosa, Helotium maculosum ents manea, M. crypto-
carpa, Asterina ae A. carnea, spp.

. Hist.—M. J. Berkeley i ©. E. Broome, ‘ Notices
of British ira’ (Laccaria, gen. nov., to include Agaricus laccatus
A. bellus, and allies; Agaricus ns -epidotus) Raljsti, A. (Psathyra)
eee Stereum stratosum, spp. DN.).

1 Gazette (Nov.). — W. G. Farlow, ‘ Peronosporee of

tea
United ‘States’ (conel.).

Botanische Zeitung (Nov. 28, 30).—E. Fischer, ‘ Beitrag zur
Kenntniss der Gattung Graph ’—(Dec. 7). A. F. W. Schimper,
‘Er ‘ Hinige cea are ae zu Delpino’s

eoria Generale deity’ Fillotassi. Pig 4): J. Goroschankin,

3 ‘Zur Kenntniss der Corpuscula bei den eta are —A.
: Hansgirg, ‘ Ueber die gion pe der Oscillar

Botanisches Centralblatt (nos. 48-51). ih "Pick, ‘ Bedeutung
des rothen Farbstoffes bei den Phanerogamen und die Beziehungen
desselben zur Stirkewanderung’ (1 plate).

Botaniska Notiser.—C. Melander, ‘ Bidrag till Vesterbottens och

3 Lapplands flora..— A. L. Grénvall, ‘ Bryologiska “era — EH.

Ljungstrém, ‘ Carduus acanthoides L. Xx crispus,’—J. O. B. N. Krok,
1882.’

_ ‘Svensk botanisk literatur

Flora (Nov. 11 & 21).— P. Kriiger, ‘ Die anne ee
und

4 tionsorgane der Orchideen in ihren Beziehungen zu
_ Standort’ (cont.).—P. G. Strobl, < — der Nebroden’ renee rr
’ Le Ws

(Dec. Nylander, ‘ Addenda nova ad Lichenographiam

q europeam ’ (several new species, includ ing Lecidea contenebrica

ans
Nyl., from Red Screes, adem and Verrucaria globosa Tayl.
inss. from ‘ Blackwater in Hibernia.’)
Garden (Dec. 1). — Oncidium me (ic. pict.).—(Dee. 8
G. Nicholson, ‘ The fore sa (M. parviflora, ic. pict. Sig he (a5),
8 (fig merset-
e.’ — Crossandra sadedafols (ic. pict.). — (Dee. 22). utisia
).

_ decurrens (ic. pict.

82 BOTANICAL NEWS.

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Dec. 1). ro tat Burkei Rebb. f.,
Cypripedium , Rehb. f., spp. nn. — W. B. Hemsley, ‘ Aus-
tralian seed-vessels.’—-G. Murray, ‘ The Potato Disease. ’—(Dee. 8).
Galeandra A aot Rehb. f., sp. n.——Caraguata sanguinea (fig.

127).— W. G. Smith & C. B. ’ Plowright, The Potato Disease.—
(Dec. 15). Adiantum Wiegandii Moore, sp. n.—Desmodiwm penduli-
oo (fig. 188).--C. B. Plowright and G. Murray, The Potato

Disease. — Cestrum nocturnum (fig. 188). — (Dec. 22). G.-Pim, ‘AY
mould on Ensilage.’ — Oncidium Jonesianum Rehb. f., n. sp. — C.
T. Druery, ‘ Proliferous Athyria.”. —J. L. Jensen & W. G. Smith,
“ge Potato Disease.— (Dec. 29). Oncidium eurycline Rehb. f,

n. sp. ic ae ‘ eee pitchers.’ — Ipomea Thomsoniana
at sp. n. (fig. 1

Magyar Nov. sonets —A. Kanitz, ‘Anemone angulosa.’

Midland Naturalist. —W.B. Grove, ‘Fungi of Birmingham’ —
(second list).

Seca — W. B. Turner, ‘Algw of Strensall Common’
(1 pla

re Sass 22).—W. J. Ei Wharton, ‘ Mangrove as a destruc-
tive aoe

terr. Bot. Zeitschrift,—J. Velenovsky, fe Pflanzen-
arten ’ ” (Elieraciwm 2 etsy fi; Biting ita spp. n aiid Bs
Wiesbaur, ‘ Bosnische Rosen.’ — V. v. Borbas, ‘ Stipa eriocmalias —_
M. Krénfeld, ‘ Zur Flora von Niederisterreich.’ —P. G. Strobl,
‘Flora des Etna’ (cont.).
loos oeg- peo Journal (Nov. 24 & Dec. 22). — HE. M. Holmes,
‘Vegetable Tallow from Singapore.’ — (Dec. 1). Obituary of J.
E. Howard Bes 15). W.T. T. Dyer, ‘ Vegetable Tallow.’

is _ Ratenaee anata .—E. D. Marquand, ‘ Moss-hunting at the Land's

BOTANICAL NEWS.

The ee is as flow
* $s GARD be, Linn. Soc., horum hortorum ab anno
1843 ad 1849 ( Costa. rei ei heat peritus, viarum strenuus, flores, herbas,
arbores utriusque orbis diligentissime scrutatus est. Qui utin memoriam
habeatur hoc cenotaphium posuerunt amici Taprobanenses a. d. 1855.
Obit in urbe Nuwara Eliya a. d. vi. Id. Mart. anno 1849, etat. 87.”

We regret that the demands on our space cause the postpone-

ment of the Linnean Society’s proceedin bit otices, and
other matter, waitil Our ness Leet. a srataretsced Oe

83

e

_ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEZ.
By Tuomas Hick, B.A., B.Se.

(Puates 248 & 244.)

Tue observations on which this paper is based were commenced
some years ago, but owing to the pressure of other work were in-

tion.
€ specimens employed in the investigation were partly sun-
. dried and partly fresh, the former having béen found in the majority
_ of instances quite as demonstrative as the latter. Indeed most of
' the histological details described, even some of the more refined
anner

_ ones, were made out in a satisfactory and convincing m

1. CaLLITHAMNION.
The genus Callithamnion includes a number of small but pretty
_ Rhodosperms, whose general appearance and organisation are well
’ known to the marine algologist. Fundamentally they consist of

* “ Ueber den Bau und das Wachsthum der Zellhiute,” p. 246

table Cells,” by Walter Gardiner, B.A., loc. cit., April, 1883.
Journat or Borany.—Von. 22. [Fepruary, 1884.] »

t “Plant Cells and Living Matter,” by Louis Elsberg, M.D., loc. cit., January,
883; “On Pl i ower, M ct

5

34 ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEX.

repeatedly branched filaments, composed of a single row of cells,
joined end to end, the whole often forming a delicate feathery
fr in Ww * . . .

m
e. g., C. Rothii, retain this comparatively simple structure through-
out the whole frond ; but in others some degree of vege pe 1s

composed of descending filaments, which become adherent to the
main axis. In C. roseum these filaments arise from the bases of the
lateral branches, are few in number, and are confined to the stouter
portions of the stipes and its primary branches. They do no
become interwoven so as to form a complete investment, but remam
isolated, and run for the most part parallel to the stronger filameut
to which they are attached. In C. arbuscula and C. tetragonum,
which are among the most robust forms, they are much mo
numerous, and become so closely felted together as to form a cortex
of considerable thickness compared with the central filament which
it envelopes. :
ery little examination of the Callithamnions is needed in order

to demonstrate the existence of protoplasmic continuity in every
part of the frond.

In Callithamnion Rothii the contents of each cell are connected
joneteaatma ly. with those of the next by a single fine protoplasmic
thread..

ends they swell out considerably, or rather remain uncontracted. A
single connecting thread of protoplasm proceeds from the centre of

the other right through the end walls of the contiguous cells. Con-
tinuity is brought about therefore by means of single threads, and
not by several such, as occurs in the sieve tubes of Dicotyledons. |
In the lateral branches continuity o imilar character 18
equally evident, and it is frequently possible to trace it from ¢e to
cell along the whole length of a branch. Moreover, the protoplasm
of the basal cell of a branch is in the same manner connected with
that of the axial cell from which it arises. So also the cells of the
cortical filaments have their protoplasmic bodies united, no
one with another, but also with that of the basal cell of the branch
from which they take origin. The connecting threads grow with

‘ ns will have
any difficulty in convincing himself that the normal condition 15
one of uninterrupted continuity throughout the whole frond.

pedioeh

ON PROTOPLASMIO CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEX. B5

connecting the mass which is subsequently converted into tetra-
spores, with that of the cell, of which it forms a lateral appendage.
t will be obvious that this is a case of protoplasmic continuity of
a like nature to that which obtains in the vegetable cells. It may
he added that the tetraspores themselves are for a time connected
together in a similar manner.
In illustration of these details Plate 243, figs. 1, 2 may be con-
ted. From this it will be seen that at the point ‘where the con-
toma thread passes through the transverse partition there is
‘a small lenticular body, whose optical appearances differ from those
of the protoplasm. It is so small in the Callithamnions that it is
not easy to determine its true natnre, but from what occurs in
hey Rhodosperms, where the connections are on a much lar er
scale, there is reason to believe that it is a geek ae thickening of
the cellulose wall through zt the thread pass
still more remarkable exhibition of yea pIASIIG continuity
than the preceding is that pheahise by Callithamnion arbuscula.
Here, as previously Sie ancd the Bupes is densely corticated, and
the whole lab attains larger dimensions. The organ nisation of

ns. this be be me
which is represented on Plate 248, fig. 3. This shows that the
cells of the central portion of the stipes are of considerable size,
and are clothed with a dense felted mass of cortical filaments,

oblique direction. The protoplasm of each axial cell is unmis-
Sakiily connected with that of the cells stots ‘ead below it. The
nature of that connection is at times peculiar. The protoplasm of
caeh cell is ange more or less about the middle of the cell, and
is dilated at the ends, as described in Callithamnion roseum. The
dilated ae occasionally appear to be hollowed out, like the bell-end
of a trumpet, and from the centre of the hollow the connecting cord
of eekoplaain passes onwards to the transverse wall. At the point

where the cord passes through the partition it is enclosed in a sort
of thickened ring or collar, and in some instances the cord presents
_ a striated appearance

_ _. The very thick cortex is as remarkable from the point of at :
_ this paper as is the central siphon, The filaments of which i
composed exhibit continuity throughout, and present a aie:
characteristic appearance. Some idea of this may be gathered
from fig. 8, but it is hardly possible to do eur to it in a drawing.
_ With scarcely an exception the fine c ds are provided
a small collar, and this usually re remaina han the thread is

__ A further point to be noticed is that similar connections exist
btsncan, th the al cells of the stipes and those of the prim

_ branches, and between the cells of the primary branches and those

of the secondary branches, so that from the base or point of

_ attachment of the frond to the freely growing tips of the ultimate

branches the ete of the protoplasm is in the normal con-

dition, unbroken

36 ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDES.

The only other species in my possession are C. bysso oides and
C. polyspermum, in both of which similar phenomena are to be met
with.

2. PotysreHonta.
er ey from Callithamnion we may ote a nite in reference to

aspects. The thallus consists of long delicate filaments of a deep |
red colour, from which lateral branches, having similar characters,”
arise sympodially. Examined eee every filament and
every branch is found to : organised as follows :—In the centre of
the filament is an axial row of cylindrical aan, placed end to end,
which constitutes the “ seaiittal siphon’? of marine algologists.
Completely aby ess this are four so-called “cortical siphons”
running parallel with it, a a ed of similar cells, arrang'
in a similar a ner. Thec of the ‘ cortical se agree have a
somewhat greater diameter an those of the centre, but they are
equal to them in length, and are so placed that their transverse
partitions coincide with those of the axis. The filament may be
said therefore to be articulated, er section being composed of a
central ie enclosed by four cortical

plate 248, fig. 4, which Bi eos a i boeGion of the nua mee seen in
optical longitudinal section. At (a) is a ae of the central siphon,
and at (6) ete cells of ey cortical sipho

Th

thread j is pe siiolkate in its composition, it ought to
noted that it is often destitute of granules,

xt point to be n oticed is that the protoplasm of the
ociitral Sar is siiseesd by short lateral processes with the proto-
plasm of the cortical cells. This is shown at (c). These processes
are similar to those already described, and are generally situated

ee

a toe

ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEX. — 37

near the middle of the cell, but not always at exactly the same ~

vel.
si i le fastigiata is constructed on a plan which is f
mentally the same as that of P. ureeolata. The thallus const of.
a repeatedly bravithed earners sensed throughout of a entr
a surrounded by a number of ‘ cortical siphons.”’ pasar
the ends of the central alls coincide with those of the cortical
ones. Tie mode of branching 1 is, however, dichotomou us, and the

twen The modifications met with in the different siphon cells
are As ai we more considerable than any that occur in the
species just ei ed.

As regards protoplasmic peers there is ie same primary
agreement accompanied by secondary difference The proto-
plasmic bodies of the siphon ecllk are connected lovigitndinally by
single cords of the same material, which pass through the end
nt contiguous cells. In the case of the central cells these are

a 2 ;

collar, as in the cases previously described. The longitudinal
connecting threads of the cortical siphons are much finer than
those of the central one, and are we eranular in appearance.
There is, however, 6n each of them a collar at eer the mid
point. These details are represented in in Plate 2438, fig.

ere again, then, we have a protoplasmic coe en ity in the
longitudinal direction quite as striking as that of Callithamnion.
But this is not the only direction in which such a continuity exists,
for, af in Polysiphonia urceolata, there is a lateral continuity ae
The peculiar features of this lateral continuity give qui
oliarnctar to the central eee cells of P. fastigiata, which has sik
been «ahora in other spec

na young conditian these cells would seem to be mor

or less oiindea in shape, and the protoplasm fills up the whole of
the lumen of the cell. As the cell grows older the wall becomes
thickened. The thickening, ower | is not uniform, but varies in
different parts in such a manner that the protoplasm ultimately
assumes the shape of a teetotum, whose heave is ig or poo
on the upper and lower surfaces (Plate 243, fig. 5). B ssuming
this shape the protoplasm of each cell does not hes 5 aliggsthee
isolated. On the contrary, a number of lateral processes—one for
each cortical cell — radiate away through the thickening layers

the cortical cells which surround it, the whole fo Si a Be an inter-
connected system, whose > etokonlaaiits continuity is roken.

Ulby. 18
Plate 248, fig. 5, will afford an idea of the arrangement PaRLET
- as seen in optical longitudinal section.

88 WORCESTERSHIRE PLANTS AND “TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.”

p-like thi
aperture through which the thread passes. . Within the collar a
delicate diaphragm make sits appearance in the older parts, and
both collar and iaphragm grow in diameter as the protoplasmic

carries with it both collar and diaphragm, though not always. In
e latter cases the diaphragm presents itself as a very delicate oval
membrane, with a thickened margi

(To be continued.)

WORCESTERSHIRE PLANTS AND “TOPOGRAPHICAL
BOTANY.”
By Wim Marnews, M.A.

Every student of the distribution of the plants of the British
Isles must have examined the pages of the 2nd edition of ‘ Topo-
graphical Botany,’ to ascertain how far they exhibit an adequate
picture of the flora of the district with which he is most familiar.

ave performed the task for the county of Worcester, and submit
to the readers of the ‘Journal of Botany’ the results of the
comparison.

The materials for the flora of the county are contained in ‘The
Botany of Worcestershire,’ by my friend Mr. Edwin Lees (Wor-
cester, 1867); ‘The Botany of the Malvern Hills,’ by the same
author (London and Malvern, 1868); and the ‘ Flora of the Clent
and Lickey Hills,’ by the present writer (2nd edition, London and

Lees’ volumes, from the fact that plants from t Joming
counties of Gloucester, Hereford, Salop, Stafford, and probably
ck, have been uded in his lists where the plants were

queried for the county in ‘ To : ie se
are additions to the list. pographical Botany’; the remain

ae ee eee a ee ee

WORCESTERSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.” 89

Ranunculus ee Fries. (Floating leaves with wedged-
shaped segments.) Uffmoor, Halesowen, 1863! Bittel Reservoir,
Alvechurch, 1876 !—R. archos Chaix. rte pire
Feckenham, 1871 !—R. penicillatus Dumort. Form pseudo-fluitans
Newbould. Omitted from Worcester and Stafford. Almost certainly
in Worcester, certainly in Stafford. JI have specimens from
Stafford, gathered within a few yards of the boundary of the
county of Worcester, in a stream at ‘Harborne Reservoir, near Bir-
mingham, 1868 ae Lenormandi Schul oe re Common,
Shang scat 1871! The Birches, Hagley, 871

Beetdacl niente DC. Hurecott Wood, Ridden ven 1846;
iene Lickey, 1850! North “Hill, Malvern, Mr. R. F. Town-
drow, 1872! One of the characteristic plants of the Malvern Hills.

Finaria confusa Jord. Allotment Gardens, Malvern Link,
R. F. T., 1888

? Lepidium latifolium L. Queried for Worcester. Discovered in
1852, by the Rev. J. H. Thompson, on the banks of the River
Satwat, at Droitwich (see Bot. of Wore., p. 87). Same loc. 1877,
Rev. J. H. T.!

Barbarea stricta Fr. Bromwich, bn taee 1888. BR: F.T.8
(see Journ. Bot., 1880, p. 874) ; Musior Farm, Halesowen, 1838 !

Sinapis Cheiranthus M. & K. ‘* Casual or doubtful.” Sutton

_- Common, Kidderminster, 1874! ee

Polygala vulgaris L. Malve many places, R. F. T.!
Bewdley, 1846! Ridge Hill, Mariley, 1858 |—P. depressa Wend.
Numerous localities in north of county, 1846 to 1882!

agina ciliata Fr. Blakedown, Kidderminster, 1848; Hagley
i807 1883, F. Arnold Lees! Also in Stafford, Kinver Edge,

A a

lotus arvensis Willd. Wolverley, 1853! Frankley, 1871!
Goods sidings at Stourbridge Junction Railway Station, 1875-6-7!
otentilla verna Li. Malvern, 1888, R. F. T.!
eum tntermedium Ehrh. Lower Sapey, pet Illey, Hales-
owen, 1850! Harris’s os bare

Rubus sazatilis L. Queried for Stop; : ° Wyre Forest, 1846!
Wyre Forest is in the Site counties of Worcester, Salop, and
Stafford. Certainly growing in 1846 in the Shropshire part

R. Salteri Bab., 8. calvatus Blox. Aut a Forest, Worcester, 1854!

macrophyllus W. & N. Form £. Bab. Man., 8th edit. Wyre
Forest, 1851! 1854! Twiland Wood, Frankley, 1871; Little
Farley Wood, Halesowen, 1871 !—R. Spreng elit Weihe, a. ' Bortei.

:. Warley, Halesowen, 1873 !—R. Bloxamii Lees. Shrawley Wood,
r

or I—R.
Radula Weihe. Uffmoor Wood, Halesowen, 1871 !—R. diversifolius
Tin Wannerton Downs, Kidderminster, 1849
Agrimonia odorata Mill. Tidsley Wood, Pershore, 1855!
Hunnington, eget! ie Westwood Park, Droitwich, 1859!
Shrawley Wood, Miss Moore, in Herb. Towndrow, 1
‘pilobium tetragonum es ata, Witley Court Plantations,

ait a
40 WORCESTERSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘* TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

1846! Newland, Malvern, R. F. T., 1883!—E. obscurum Schreb.
Common in the north-east of the county. Many localities !
Myriophyllum spicatum L. Pools near Kidderminster, 1882 !
Callitriche stagnalis Scop. Queried as C. platycarpa. Common.
Apium graveolens L. ‘* Worcester, perhaps wild.” Droitwich
Canal, 1859! Locally abundant in south of county. (See Bot. of
Wore.).

Galium erectum Huds. Banks of Bewdley and Kidderminster
Railway, 1883, . Lee
a panel carinate Lh oisel. Omitted from Worcester and
r

remarkable, as the plant is recorded in Lelghton s ‘Flora of
eect 1841, and the original specimens are in the Cambridge
Herbarium

Hieracium murorum L. (true). North Wood, Bewdley, 1850!
Wyre Forest, Wore., 1858! Fenny Rough, Stone, 1883 !—
H. vulgatum Fr. Common in the north of” the county. Many

Barkhausia tarawacifolia Mench. Malvern Link, 1883, R.F.T.!
Railway bank, Kidderminster. Dr. Fraser, 1883 !

Serophuleves Ehrharti C. A. Stev. Severn Side, Shrawley,
R. F. T., 1888!

Linavia repens Ait. Clent Hill, 1883! Recently cic a,
Mr. J. W. Oliver.—L. minor Desf. Field near Trench Wood, 1

Orobanche minor Sutt. (true). Wick, near Pershore, 1957 |
Malvern, 1878, R. F. T.!

yosotis sylvatica Ehrh. Droitwich, 1856! Manor Farm
ee 1858! 1883! Twiland Wood, Frankley, 1858 ! Alve-
church, 1858 ! Aioys Saat Se nd.

Glénie “tiavitina ; of the * eaggease plants of the
saline waters of Droitwich hee Bot. of Wore., p. 86). Porter’s Mill,
near Worcester, 1878, Rev. J. H. Thom

Rumex pratensis M. & K, Wannerton ae Kidderminster,
1849! By the Teme, at Ham Bridge, 1853!

Orchis ustulata L. Near West Malvern, 1888, R. F. T.! —
O. latifolia L. (0. maialis Reich.). Leigh, Malvern, 1888, R. F, T.!
Queried for Worce

Polygonatum eta ovios All, Fenny mAs Stone, 1883!
Recently discovered by Mr. F. Arnold Lee

Potamogeton Aadalleans Bab. In the Sigur ‘below Kidderminster.
near the Bewdley rosea Viaduct, 1875! fide C. C. B.—P.
obtusifolius Koch. Malvern Link, R. F.T. , 1881! oe at ae
Rev. J. H. T., — — Pp, mn ive (true ). Veryec

Juncus Gerardi Lois. ows Saldings, near Droitwich, 1856!
Canal side, Droitwich, 1856

Scirpus Tabernamontani Aa Westwood Park, Droitwich, 1859!

Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe. Wyre Forest, Wore., 1847!

? Carex axillaris Good. Queried for Worcester, Secsmas St

herrard’s Green, Malvern, 1883, R. T.!— C. binervis Sm

4

GENERIS RUBORUM SPECIEM NOVAM. | 41

No authority = Bp pe na Craycombe Hill, 1859! Bromsgrove
Lickey; Winw ath.

the 51 Bi enumerated in the above list 49 have certainly
been al in the county of Worcester. Of these, 48 are w
omitted, either as epoues or subspecies, from the comital aogier in
the 2nd edition of + Topographical Botany.’ The remaining sev
are branded with i or other expressions of uncer acute,
Among the omissions are some well-defined species which have
been known in the county as familiar inhabitants for upwards
of thirty years.

t would be interesting to learn whether the records for other

ties are equally defective. If such be the case, 1 venture to

coun
_ suggest to the able editors of the volume the advisability of pre-
of

ty
paring for a third edition, by printing lists hae desiderata for

each county, and circulating the lists among local botanists ne

to supply them. The expense would net be great, as it would
sufficient to print the specific numbers only.

ad included in the list of omissions all the omitted plants
recorded elsewhere occurring in Worcestershire, the number

- would at least have been doubled. I have refrained from noting
m

any such ei as they are not vouched by authentic specimens

wn possession. Some species, on the other hand, admitted

as elahianis of the county, have scarcely established a permanent
claim to that distinction. I mention two,

; in the hope
_ of stimulating further search for them. In the year ise, “he late

Mr. Alexander Irvine, author of the ‘ Illustrated Handbook
of British Plants,’ and then editor of the ‘ Phytologist,’ announced

_ the discovery, in a mill-pond near Churchill railway-station,

ay
of both British a of Elatine (see ‘ Phytologist ’ for April,

: 1858, vol. ii., p. 401). In‘ Topogrephien Botany,’ under the head

).
of Woreester, they appear < follow
‘* Flatine hewandra. o a One locality.

a

that “ sent ‘the record on Irvine’s authority. Since the year

1858 every oa wear in par locality, and there are many of them,
s been repeatedly examined by sampekint botanists, without

at the eae ea of either specie

GENERIS RUBORUM SPECIEM NOVAM.
Proponit H. F. Hancz, Ph.D.

14
git
““ Rubus IpmopaTus, ELLIPTICI ?) aralioides, sp. nov.— Ram
_ teretibus aa osis tomento brevi intermixtis glandulis supriges
‘ vestitis aculeis brevibus e basi lata recurvis v. rectiusculis es

stipulis petiolaribus setaceis integerrimis hirsutis, foliis pinn
trifoliolatis petiolo communi 2-8 pollicari parce aculeato einceivede

_ et capitato-glanduloso foliolis mollibus ovatis acuminatis crebre

42 GENERIS RUBORUM SPECIEM NOVAM.

cuspidato-serratis supra pilosulis subtus pallidioribus breviter |
tomentosis et glandulosis tenuiter penninerviis costa subtus acu- |
leolata tetera kz basi rotundatis vel truncatis brevissime petiol ’
ulatis 2-8 poll. longis terminali basi ae 24-4 or :

_ denticulatis 2 ln. longis, staminibus calyci fere eequilongis,
receptaculo piloso, ovariis numerosissimis oblongis compressis
glaberrimis stylo 4-5 plo shibategi
Ad rivulos, infra torr on Suk-tin in-mun, jugi Lo-fau-shan,
prov. Cantonensis, alt. 1000} ais Maio 18838, leg. rev. B. C. Henry
(Herb. propr. n. 22211).
Deficiente Sadha fruc pulcherrime hujus stirpis locum
syste eedh: non absque ee statui. Inter omnes tamen
notes =~ cies R. elliptico Sm. proxima videtur, etsi sane dis-
tincti ssim |
fionteniten ex imperio sinensi Rubos in proprio herbario |

1, Rubus {Malachobatus, moluccani) reflecus Ker. Kwang-tung:
2. R. (Malachobatus, moluccani) rugosus Sm. Kwang-tung.
8. R. (Malachobatus, moluccani) pacificus Hance. Kiang-si. F.
Biirgeri, Miq.! appropinquandus.
4, R. (Malachobatus, elongati) ochlanthus Hance. Kwang-tung-
5. R. (Malachobatus, elongati) tephrodes Hance. iang-si. }
: R. (Malachobatus elongati) sp. Kwang-si. Precedent

7. R. (Malachobatus, elongati) Fordii Hance. Kwang-tung.

8. R. (Malachobatus, elongati) Parkeri Hance. §Sz-ch‘uan

9. R. (Malachobatus, hexagyni) Swinhoitt Hance. Formosa.

10. R. (Malachobatus, hexagyni ?) jambosoides Hance. Fo-kien

11. R. (Batothamnus, here corchor ifolius Linn. f
Kwang-tung, Che-kiang, Kian

12. R. (Batothamnus corchorsfolia) ee Cia Hance. Fo-kien.

om a se: ea crategifolius Chib-li

tus, rosifolii) rosifolius ‘Sm. Varie provincie.

15. ft i raatoen. rosifolit) Thunbergit 8. & Z. Kiang-su.

a6, fy cee acted idai) leucanthus Hance. Kwang-tung-
A cl. Dre. Focke * inter Eubatos, oligogynos, locatus.

17. R.(Ideobatus hypargyri) triphyllus Thunb. Varie Cie.

ot R. oe hypargyri) triphyllus Thunb., 8. suid

Han ang-su.
19. R. pape: elliptici) aralioides Hance. Kwang-tung.
preichiaey Me Tr

* Abhandl, naturwiss. Ver. zu Bremen, 4 Bd. 2 Heft, 193.

48

Bans lak cae IN THE COUNTIES OF PEMBROKE
7 AND GLAMORGAN.

By A. G. Mors, F.L.S.

Dunrine last August I made, with my sister, a short tour in
South Wales, and I think th at a few of the plants which we
observed may be worth notice in the ‘ Journal of Botany.’

At anp azsout St. Davin’s Town.

Leonurus Cardiaca. Borago officinalis.
Teucrium Chamedrys. Verbena officinalis.
Antirrhinum majus. Mentha rotundifolia.
Centranthus ruber. ~ Rumex pulcher.
Petroselinum sativum. Marrubium vulgare.
Teucrium Chamedrys. Krodium moschatum.
Dianthus Armeria. Parietaria ete

qui
Leonurus is well established on a stone wall in the ard of a cottage
near Whitesand Bay.

AT AND NEAR TO WHITESAND Bay.

Erodium maritimum. Convolvulus Soldanella.

Festuca arundinacea. Sdoica columbinum.
i0. isii. Carex muric

Cotyledon Umbilicus. Evbdiem moschatum.

This is a very poor locality for maritime plants.

Cotonists 1s Sanpy Fimtps near Warresanp Bay.

Silene anglica. Scleranthus annuus.
Papaver hybridum. Laminm epee
hinum Orontium Stachys an

Lycopsis arvensis. Pashortac] Raphanisteum.
Kchium vulgare. Spergula arvensis.

aria confusa Valerianella dentata.
Papaver Rheas. VeronicaBuxbaumii.
Centaurea Scabiosa. Linaria Elatine.

__ At Whitesand Bay ve sought long and repeatedly for Cyperus
_ longus without finding it, though furnished, through the kindness
of Mr. Britten, Bi whit seemed most exact direct ons the

a the use
_ only conjecture that modern alterations, raat slight, have Ted
_ to the extirpation of the plant.

44 PLANTS GATHERED IN PEMBROKE AND GLAMORGAN.

The British Museum label reads :—‘‘ July 28. 1778 Pembroke. | |
shire, two miles from St. Davids by the side of a small rivulet ina |
place ealld White sand Bay } a mile South of St. Davids oe 7
between that and a farm house ‘call Trelethen and not above fof 7
a mile up the rivulet from the sea: it grew in one place only ina |
clum rr
The stream is small and easily wee and the yng oer the

eulty, especi e were quite familias with its iniponratiil n't
the Isle of Wiehe fodialitie es. There is a road crossing the little >
rivulet at about the ie distance from the sea, and along the
stream below this point a bank has been thrown up, dividing

look likely ground, and wet slopes on which some barren stems of

the Open: might s still linger; but above and below this little
bri » anes = along the stream we sought most carefully, without
fetta of the Cy ues: and I fear the one patch observed
1778 has bases to exis

At Sr. Davi’s Heap.

Statice occidentalis. Sor ie subulat
Sedum Telephium. Allium anesicpenanae
Genista pilosa. var. Sibiricum.

In the case of Genista pilosa we were more fortunate, though at
first this laut quite eluded us, through the incorrect dese ription of |
its locality given in the ‘ Botanist’s Guide.’ It does not grow
the very western extremity of St. Davids Head”; and with t
misleading direction we spent the best part of two days in search-
ing the extreme ee itself ; that is the most Mica pore
which is cut off, as a fort, by an ancient wall and trench. Here
was no trace of Genista pilosa, and it was only on the last day of
our visit, when walking along the southern slope of the promontory;
a good half-mile from nhs apes that we succeeded in
one of the best plants of St. David’s. The Genista is is local,
and not very abundant, but we and it scattered for a hundred
yards or two among the heather, close to where the Brake (Pter
aquilina) begins to vary the costes of the grassy hill. Only 4

very few blossoms were in flo ower

the — It is quite restricted to a sp ess chasis a rate
and I must confess that, rekon a in finding such
& rarity; I could not help reme: g any others of ee

PLANTS GARERESH IN PEMBROKE AND GLAMORGAN. 45

_ where associated with, or in the vicinity of, ruins or cultivation.
mil

Si at Killarney, — Scorodoprasum is too closely con-
nected with the rides s the ‘‘ Monk alks,’’ and in Ire-
land has only one other very rode station, near Cork. So that,
a. cases, we are probably dealing with relics of very
ancient slang re from the time of the early Celt:
ritons, Ww scarcely an objection that the tive or

AT AND NEAR TO DowrocG Poot.
Aira TE Littorella lacustris.

Cicendia filifor Heliosciadium inundatum.
cae Millgrans. Scirpus fluitans.
Scirpus Savi Drosera rotundifolia.

entha Pulegium
Valva rotundifolia.

]
8
J
Hepanenne 1 Elodes. Sparganium simplex.
Mentha
I

Pilularia globulifer
Alisma ranuinee Rha,
var. repens.
: Of these Cicendia, frequent also on moist heathy ground to the
_ west of St. David’s , finds here its northern limit in Wales. Aira uligi-
_ nosa, plentiful in many places round Dowrog Pool, is new to West
| a Alisma repens, with its large flowers and often growing in
_ the water, on oe easily be mistaken for A. natans. Littorella new
| to ee
gers occurs in one place by the soadande cowardly
| Bt. Fassnisa s Chapel. Erodium moschatum is frequent, so are
4 ect ne and Calamintha officinalis in the nelibhoorkaed
Fo
: At Parlonks we spent a few days, and found in and about

PremsBrokeE Castte Rourns.

Linaria Cymbalaria. Petroselinum segetum.
Calamintha officinalis. mest didyma.
Cheiranthus Cheiri. Pyre ss rum Parthenium (ray-
Antirrhinum majus.
Linaria vulgaris. Grobaitehe re pat
Centranthus ruber. Festuca M

mex pulcher. Conium iakehlatgin:
Ceterach officinarum. Arabis hirsuta.

Quite a different series from the list given for St. David’s,
_ whereas,
4 On Haverrorpwest Castie,

Diplotaxis tenuifolia. Cheiranthus Cheiri.

q _ were the only two noticed in passing.

Atone tHe Saut-waTeR CREEK BELOW PEMBROKE.
Statice rariflora. Inula Conyza.
8. D ii Dipsacus sylvestris.
Artemisia maritima. *Centranthus ruber,

46 SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE MOSSES.

Aster Tripolium. Malva oes

Glaux maritima. Arabis

Chenopodium maritimum. “Glematis Vitalba (not
ve).

Erigeron acris.
Helminthia echioides.

Near THE ‘** Exicue Stacks.”

plete Dodartii. Inula crithmoides.
Picris hieracioides. Calamintha, officinalis
um. Centaurea Scabiosa (cliff at
Lavatera arborea. St. Gowan’s).

In tHe Gower Peninsuta.

Helianthemum canum. Carduus crispus.
Geranium sanguineum. Arctium intermedium.
Clinopodium vulgare. Pyrus Aria.

Inula Conyza. Ligustrum vulgare.
Viola hirta. Solanum Dulcamara.
Erodium ae eee ata

Inula Helen Cornus sanguine
Agrimonia Seria Lithospermim perpen
Rubia peregrina. ruleu

On the west wall of Pennard Castle we had no difficulty in
finding the neat little rosettes of Draba aizoides. The whole district
appeared to be very rich in calcareophilous Se enet and I was quite

surprised to meet with Agrimonia odorata at a ch Bay, the only

Oo ea athyrus sylvestris still flourishes on the cli
Caswell Bay ; and near the Mumbles I saw xain the same as
ich grows so abundantly near ks, wi

which, in its dense spikes and usually the absence of barre?
pemepnaiar seems to agree better with S. Dodartii than with %.

SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE MOSSES.

By James Saunpers.

many of the critical species have been forwarded to Messrs.
Anslow, Bagnall, Braithwaite, “Hobkirk, and West, by whom any

SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE MOSSES. 47

phagnum acutifolium Ehrh., and var. tenue Bn ith. Rar
Aspley Heath Wood. — 8. jimbriatum Wils. Lo ocally shusather:
Flitwick Marsh, cum adie 1882. Mermaid’s — eae c.f. 1888.
—S. wick M : :

ful on Flitwick Marsh and in Asple Woods. 8. cymbifolium var.
squarrosulum Nees. Rather rare. Flitwick Marsh.

(In addition to the foregoing, S. acutifolium var. deflecum, S.
subsecundum, vars. contortum and auriculatum, S. tenellum, 8. ripiilars

m Weis eissta viride: Common.—W. cirrhata. Local. Dunstable
Road; Flitwick; New Mill End.
: icranella varia Hedw. Local. Luton Downs; Dunstable Downs.
_ —D. cerviculata Hedw. Rare. ‘ Flitwick, Rev. H. Crouch, 1882.’’
om j

—D. heteromalla Hed Common
ranum montanum . Very rare. On three oak trees
near Mermaid’s Pond, Aspley Woods.—D. scoparium L. Frequent
Tu y local. Steppingle ustre

—D. majus ‘ Firs. — D. pal

Bry. Brit. Local. Aspley; Clophill; Warden Hills ef. 1883.
Campylopus flecuosus Brid. Local. ke sone:

i

Pian: m rectum Bi Local. ee Downs.

Pottia minutula Schewg. — P. tasleolt Dicks ee Luton
_ Downs.—P. intermedia Pari: Local. War

Didymodon rubellus B. & 8.

Ditrichum flewicaule Schweg. Local. On Chiltern Hills. Barren.
Trichostomum tophaceum Brid. Local. Chiltern a
_Barbula muralis L.—B. fallax Hedw. — B, fallax var. oe
ils, are. Pepperstock.—B., fuladata L.—B. ruralis L.—B
_ mtermedia Brid.—B. levipila Brid.

Ceratodon purpureus Li.

Grimmia pulvinata Dill.

Orthotrichum affine Schrad.—O. diaphanum Schrad.—O. Lyellié
H&T. Local. Pepperstoc

Physcomitrella patens Hedw. Southill Park.
; Physcomitrum pyr iforme L. Abundant on the mud thrown out
_ of the River Lea, spring of 1882.
] Funaria hygrometrica L.

48 SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE MOSSES.

and . .
sana pomiformis L. ined on sandy soil. Flitwick;
le

Leptobryum pyriforme L. Rare. Deodorizing Works, Luton.

Webera nutans Schreb. ve Flitwick Marsh.—W. carnea L.

Local. Totternhoe; Sou

ryum atropureum W.. & iM. Local. Cemetery walls, Late ;

B. cespiticium L.—B. argenteum L.—B. capillare L.——B.
Schreb. Rare. Aspley, Mr. C. F. Boultbee

an eh Aina Bland. Rare. Totternhoe.—M. wndulatum a ;

—M. m Li.— M. rostratum Schrad.— M. punctatum He
Re “Clophill,
ulacomnium androgynum L. Local. rete Woods. — A.
palustre L. Rare. Flitwick Marsh, c.f. 1
Tetraphis pellucida L. Local. literick ; kieion, c.f. 1882.
Atrichum undulatum L.
Pogonatum nanum Neck.—P. aloides b. minus Bry. Eur. Rare.

Aspley ste ds.— P. urnigerinum L. Rare. Luton Hoo Park,

cf. 1
ite formosum Hedw. — P. piliferum Schreb
Ss.
Fissidens bryoides Hedw.—F’. adiantoides Hedw.-—F. oe L.

Fontinalis antipyretica L, ee oe In fine fruit in
ponds at Limbury and H arlington, 1
L ides Li,

perinum Willd. — P. commune L. Very local. Flitwick ; "hag :
Wood .

oe enka iin L. Local. Barton; Harlin
Nee, Local. H

A few capsules, Lain Hoo Park, 1882

lia

nnin um Spy seta L.
Climacium dendroides Ty,

Camptothecium ‘itedihes Huds., “a AG an Hills, Noy., 1882.
_ Brachythecium Spores B. undant on the Chiltern
Barren.—B., albica
lame March, 1883 suet

ve
sr L, var. longisetum, Bry. Eur. Local. The Matis: : igen

Eurkynchium myosuroides 1. Rare. On an whos tree, Dunstable
Road, near Luton, — RF. striatum Schreb. — piliferum Schreb.
Barren. — E, Sieeic

Turn., c.f. Luton Downie ios ovember, 1882.—
E. prelongum Di

e oc yehostegion confertum Dicks, — R. murale Hedw

Rare.
€.—R. ruscifolium Neck., ¢ mi gs Hoo Waterfall, 1882.
Plagiothecium denticulatum L, — P, enticulatum var. aptychus

orieg Jontana L. Local. Flitwick Marsh; a bog, Heath
Reac

gton
caer ills.—N, complanata L.

q
:

THE SEEDS OF ANTHOXANTHUM. 49

3 _. Rare. Pepperstock.—P. undulatum L. Local. Aspley,
Adam

Aeadjenegiith sen hey sL.— A. eat L. Elongate forms, six
inches long, in fruit at pe mites! eee

Hypnum aduncum Hedw. Rare se itwick. — H. Kneiffii, Bry.
Kur. Locally abundant. " Limbury ; ; Flitwick. Barren. — H.
exannulatum Gimb. Rare. Flitwick.—H. Sendtnert Schpr. Rare.
Totternhoe Mead. — H. fluitans L. Not uncommon. In
Flitwick Marsh, 1883.— H. jilicinum L. Abundant; c.f. by a
rivulet, Limbury, 1882.—H. commutatum Hedw. Local. Sharpen-
hoe; Hockcliffe. ——H., cupressiforme L. b. tectorum ee C ea ee
Bry. Kur.—H. cupressiforme d. ericetorum, Bry. E Loca Asp-
ley ; Chiltern Green.—H. resupinatum ils.--H ‘ ‘mollsane gree

eF.— d ;
chrysophyllum Bnd. Local. Chiltern Hills.—-H. stellatum Schreb.
Local. Limbury; Heath and Reach.—H. cordafolium Hedw. In
fruit, Flitwick ihieoh, 1883, C. Hamson and J. 8. — H. cuspidatum
bi 1 Schreier Ehrh, — H. purum L.—H. stramineum Dicks.

k
Alylocomium splendens s Dill. — Ad, triquetrum Lied: squarrosum
L.; ¢,f. Luton Hoo Park, 1882.

The foregoing moss li ihe is practically the first for South Beds.,
as Abbott’s Flora has no localities further south than Barton Hills,
which are nine or ten miles from the extreme south of the county.
In addition to the preceding the Sli have been found in the
north of Bedfordshire.

Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. Oakl r. Davi

issidens crassipes and Oinclatoous fe wing te Hedw. On sub-
merged masonry, Bramham.

Cryphea heteromalla Hedw Turney, Rev. H. Higgin

Rhynchostegium tenellum Dicks. Near Bedford, De. hia

THE SEEDS OF ANTHOXANTHUM.
By Witu1am Carrutuers, F.R.8.*

Sweet Vernal Grass Fem > odoratum L.) is one of
_ widely epee of our indigenous grasses. Iti
erennial, and deserves a sees Sioagh not an important ak
in pieoahene pasties
But the benefits it may give to a pasture are entirely wanting
from the allied species, the seeds of which are very largely sold in
its stead. This plant, A. Puelii Lec. & Lam., is an annual grass,
n

countries it is an introduced or an indigenous plant I have not the
means of determining. It is a smaller and more delicate grass,

* Reprinted by permission from the Journal of the Royal Agricultural
Society, 1883.
Journat or Botany.—Vou. 22. [Fepruary, 1884.] E

50 © THE SEEDS OF ANTHOXANTHUM.

tems. The plant ae any odour, either

r dried. The fo and no
The substitution, therefore, of its seeds for: the perennial Sweet
Vernal @ serious injury,yand the increasing proportion
of samples that have during the year come under my notice prove
that this adulteration is on the i iner
he

as to puzzle botanists, and to lead to ins notion that it is an
indigenous grass, which had me overlooked until a few years ago.
Tt was first noticed by Mr. Britten in 1872, at Mobberley, in
Cheshire, in a field which had been broken up and re-sown Wi
aoe some years before. It was next observed by Mr. a

a b

Fie. 1 -—Anthoranthum odoratum Linn. Ten times the natural size. a, the
seed with its shining striated scales ; b, one of the hairy pales, with ae jointed

e, the “ seed” as offered for sale, consisting of the two pales surrounding the
small shining seed, which is seen between the open edges of the pales.

then it has been recorded from higecheprgy Worcestershire,
Devonshire, and other places. But in none of the localities is its
appearance free eons the strong peace “that it has been intro-

THE SEEDS OF ANTHOXANTHUM,. 51

duced with agricultural seeds. Mr. Townsend ape a figure and
deserption of the plant in Journ. Bot. 1875, p. 1
eeds of the two grasses spe closely resemble each other,

ets the posses differences which may be detected when they are
y examined. As gretee for sale the seeds are not nake

like -. “of Chee but are still covered by two sets of leafy
parelopes: They are Beem and more or less hairy bodies, with
_ two ppurernetse awns, one being kneed, and the other shorter an
straight. The small ss is easily freed from the outer coverings,
and it is found a be an oval brownish body, with a shining coat.
- The coat consists of two thin striated scales, which are so closely
- wrapped round the seed that it is very difficult to remove them.

When ibe; grass is in flower the scales are more open, and the
stamens spring from within them. The hairy awned pales are

CES deg ee MR ee Oe ee a RS a nr

. 2—Anthoxanthum Puelii Lec. & Lam. Ten times the natural size.

a, the seed with its shining striated scales; }, one of the me with the jointed

hygrometric awn, the hairs along the nerves and margins, and with straight

edges and toothed apex; c, the “seed” is offered for sale, consisting of the two .
pales, completely enclosing the see

pay FBS pt Se ae ak ee a

believed to be aborted florets, one on either side of the central
ertile floret, which produces the seed; and the three florets
are enclosed in two mnognal anne white chaffy glumes, which

52 NEW PLANTS FROM THE ZAMBESI COUNTRY.

remain attached to the flowering stalk when the seeds are ripe. —
This description applies equally to the seeds of all species of
Anthoxanthum.

NEW PLANTS FROM THE ZAMBESI COUNTRY.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.

complete material as can reasonably be expected of any Aloe in
7 specimen, and from this the following description has been
made :—

o an inch. orescence long-peduncled, simple or forked
flowering racemes moderately dense, 6-9 in. long ; bracts orbicular
cuspidate, scariose, distinctly many-nerved, 4 in. long; pedicels as

D , articulated at the tip. Perianth cylindrical,
bright red, 3-1 in. long, cut down to the base into lanceolate seg-

A FORGOTTEN NATURALIST. 53

; ments. Stamens and style not protruded. Capsule ellipsoid, under
E pan inc

q . Banks of the Zambesi opposite Senna, July, 1859, Sir
John Kirk.

_. its plac in the eae of species in my monograph in Journ.
Soe., vol. x is after No. 62.

The same Sait tas contains a very fine new Notochlena Sone
q the high mountains of the interior, allied to the Mexican and Andin
NV. ogee ée.
4 . Notochlena lepigera, n. sp. — Rootstock erect. Basal
4 Escalon lanceolate, membranous, dense, very — brown, 4—-} in
long. Stipes densely tufted, Paxaies, 2-5 in. long, pale brown,
_laxly scaly. Lamina oblanceolate-oblong, bipimnate 1 ft. long,
in. broad, narrowed gradually from the mi o the base,
greenish and slightly pilose above, covered all over + agtieatli with
ae imbricated feesttage membranous whitish-brown palez like
those of the rootstock. Pinnz sessile, lanceolate, obtuse, the
: Senteal ones the oa st, 1-1} in. long, }in. broad; the lower ones
distant and very sm mall. Pinnales oblong, obtuse, sessile, crowded,
ey ome caper Sori placed all round the outer margin
e pinn
Hab. Danke. Zambesi-land, alt. 6000-7000 ft., Sir John Kirk.

A FORGOTTEN NATURALIST.

men ‘of this type. Ireland is—as w eat expect from its as
hist “i i behind in matters of "this kind; and it would be
oe find, i even to kindle in the wor rking man of that

nose interest centres in politics rather than in science,

married.
printing- -press and collected a library for the use and benefit
his native town—the first of either which was known in
( “Tmpressed with the absence of elementary works,

54 A FORGOTTEN NATURALIST,

he at an early period turned his attention to the more They instruc-
tion of children in a rudiments of spelling and readin Hi
‘Child’s First Book, or R eading made Easy,’ which was soon
followed by ‘The Child's Second Book,’ had a large circulation, and
‘‘ speedily superseded the ancient horn-books.” His wife dying in
1791, he married again at the end of the following year, his second
wife, with whom he did not live happily, being above him in social —
position. In ae he a are the Natural History Society of EY
of which he chairm the first meeting being held a
Northfleet on Fa oly 13th, nae twenty-one persons were present.

i
"iy

pp!

o ® variety of subjects. Our interest in him centres in q
botanical attainments, but he either published ba "prepared for —
publication works on biography, topography, and natural history, —
as well as two guide. books to parts of the River Thames, and 4 ;
pamphlet entitled ‘The Sea Captain’s Assistant.’ The greater ~
part of Mr. Arnold’s volume consists of Pocock’s diaries, beginning ©
in 1811 and extending, with some gaps, to 1823, and these are full |
of records of « phenological phenomena,” to use the modern phrase,
as well as abounding in shrewd comments u upon things in gene eral.
On Sept. 15, 1811, he visited ee where he “ found that madder

was sete cultiy. ated, but now totally rooted up, it being a losing
concern, as it took three years to bring it to perfection and much —
trouble in getting up the roots, which ran four or five feet in '

A FORGOTTEN NATURALIST. : 55

length.’”’ On March 29, 1812, he pga ‘¢ travelled to Hollow Dean
Field, Sutton, and got four or five roots of the lizard orchis, now
igh

botany ; his garden having above a thousand plants me it.” In
1822 Prof. Tone w visited him more than once; Pocock describes
him as ‘‘a pleasant young man and worthy his prikoseo yn 3
they the and effected an exchange of rare plan On the 2n
April, 1828, he ‘‘ went to Wilmington, and got — a six roots of
the oe orchis, all of which must have grown in the two last
years, as when I was there in 1821, in March, only one root was
left.” These he planted out a week afterwards in hedge- banks in

remain as a breeder ; segs roots are very scarce, and I want to

At the end of Mr. Arnold’s atte is a list of “rare plants
found by "R. Pocock in the vicinity of Pome! in which are
some errors—e.g. Hchinophora spinosa. Of greater interest 1s his

herbarium, which, at the instance of the Editor, Mr. Arnold has
very kindly pr roctne for the Botanical Department of the British
Museum, where it will be always, PE 1 for reference. In 8
present Fa it consists of two folio volumes, which w

Seti and localised. He Pata started a collection in five

affixed, w.

Slogan of British plants already in the Museum ich has
recently been rendered still more valuable by the ancecaliiae: io
ugh Davies’s herbarium. To Pocock’s biographer also, we

indebted for the use of the acme of Pocock, given above, ‘ehiab

forms the frontispiece to his volum

SHORT NOTES.

Aprum eGravrotens Linn., In Huntineponspire.—In r
ms as a native of Co. 31, 72 Watson says {2 Topographical aia
p. 189)—* All inland localities this much-cultivated
littoral plant must be regarded with suspicion.” ioe untingdon-
e, though it has no present coast-line, is still subject to the
aoe of the tide up the Ouse as high as Bluntisham Stanch, and
the claylands of ee oe Warboys, Sawtry, and Holme form a
considerable part of the western and southern shores of the ancient
sea, which formerly covered the great level of the Fens. Naturally,
3 traces of the old maritime flora may be expected, and actually

56 SHORT NOTES.

higher predial claims. Hence, when finding such plants as Scirpus
maritimus, Carex distans, Rumex maritimus, Apium raveolens, Bu-
pleurum tenuissimum, and Gastridium lendigerum, established on the

is accompanied by Carex distans. Under ordinary circumstances,
by the na

cende

the stream. A very natural means of such reverse distribution will
suggest itself to everyone who has watched the habits of wildfowl
e $ soon as the floods of winter cover the washes,

runnin

In this way Stukely may have got its shoreland plants; Lutton, m
the Isle of Ely, its Buplewrum tenuissimum, Juncus compressus, and
Apium graveolens; and Monks Wood its colony of Gastridium
lendigerum.—AuFrep FRYER.

mM.

have since died out, and are now presumably extinct. No doubt
the greater number of these are lost to us, but certainly not all,
for, in addition to Rwmex maritimus, already shown to exist in some
quantity in our neighbourhood, I have found Dianthus Armeria in &
lane not far from Hayes; Trigonella ornithopodioides on Uxbridge
Common ; and Trifolium scabrum in the gravel-pits on Hillingdon
Heath. Ranunculus parviflorus and Sagina nodosa are referred to

) g l )
ment near Cowley, and the latter—so lately as November last

moors about two miles and a half north of Uxbridee. These are
neither large nor important additions to the county flora, but they
suggest that, if some three or four “ extinct” species can be found
wi n area of two or three miles, a patient search in other
quarters would be rewarded by the re-discovery of others of their
number.—Joun Brnzow.

57

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

‘The Flowering Plants and Ferns of the County Soe with coloured
4 Map and Introduction by the Rev. Taom gs ALLIN LIN. West
super-mare: J. Marche. 1883

Loca floras of Ireland are so few that a addition to their
number is welcome. It is forty years since Dr. Power drew up his

q Aging Guide to =e County Cork.’ Many Sec tae additions
have been made sin e that time, especially songs the labours

due. . Allin d
we believe that his book offers a fairly complete list of the plants
: ty. The number of 700 species is rather more than

Docition and proximity to the Kuropean mopinant much more than
to the climatal condition to which Mr. Allin has justly drawn
attention. He has very judiciously cleared the list of a large number
Dr doubtful natives, which had been too easily admitted b

It is a ae of regret that no room has been found for the
cryptogamic plants, ig aga or mosses and lichens, for which we
believe the materials exist; it is remarkable that Mr.
should have omitted the Peusubirne. In Ro Geka ae which com-
prise some of the most interesting of the Cork s

limi F in
full; but we should have been glad of a reprint of Dr. Smith’s list,
from his ‘ Ancient and Present State’ of the county dal pes 1770),
with some indication of the confirmation or otherwise of ¢
numerous localities soe nig eae it. We may say the same of ihe
ibuted by Ja a Drawaisad} in 1818-20, to the ‘ Munster
agazine’; whi e if, as we suppose, the catalogues
drawn up by Dr. Scott and od Re T. Alexander, and presented by

cks. At the least, it seems that the present where
of these — should have selee dleaily stated, for the benefit
ture worker;

Cetisidering he extent of the county, we should have thought a
larger number of districts might have been made. Mr. Allin has
only two, and these do not correspond with those in ‘ Cybele

a

58 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Hibernieca,’ which we venture to think should have been retained,

unless a larger number were adopted. A few matters for criticism
occur to us as we turn over the pages. Thus, of the plants men-
tioned as ‘‘confined to Co. Cork, in Ireland,” Helianthemum —

amygdaloides occurs in Donegal :
Supplement to the ‘Cybele Hibernica.’ Elatine Hydropiper and
Salix laurina var. tricolor, mentioned as Cork plants in the Intro- —
duction, are treated as errors later on in the volume. A note by |

Mr. Carroll that Senecio squalidus “hybridizes freely at Cork with
ulgaris’’ is of inte d we should have been glad of a fuller
account of the broad-leaved variety of Erythrea

entaurium is not the sa E. latifolia Sm. Orchis incarnata ‘
may be added to the list; it was found by the writer of this notice —
in company with Mr. Nicholson, in a meadow near the sea at -
i 2. j

fall

recognition of the usefulness of Mr. Allin’s work, as a valuable

contribution to the new ‘Cybele Hibernica,’ upon which we are —

glad to know that Mr. A. G. More is actively engaged. A word of

praise must also be given to the printing and general get-up of the
ich i he num i

volume, which is certainly creditable; the ber of misprints 18 —
singularly few, although work of this kind must be a tax upon the
patience and the r ces of rdinary country printer We

; Asiatic species of Euphorbia ; and some Liliacee
of Eastern and neighbouring Central Asia. s givel
o ne ra and species descri in the five fascicles of the

oses, but it may be hoped, in the interests of Asiatic botany, —
o. a does not imply that this invaluable book has been brought
a close.

_ Tue last part (vol. iii.) of the ‘Annuario della R.
superiore d’Agricoltura in Portici,’ contains ‘‘ Reliquie Mico
Notarisiane,” by Prof. O. Comes. — :

uols
: gic ne 4

ARTIOLES IN JOURNALS. 59

We have been vainly endeavouring to find space for an
adequate notice of the indefatigable Baron von Mueller’s important
contribution to botanical literature, entitled ‘ Systematic Census
of Australian Plants, with Chespulogi: arrt es and Geographical
Annotations.’ This. is compressed in 2 quarto pages, each
specics occupying only a line, in w ich. is a name, authority,
place and date of sth Glden, distribution in Au stralite 2
references to Bentham’s ‘Flora Australiensis,’ and Muelle
Fragme ra is. gi

tee, a.’ The history of the genera is. given in a si staat
concise and complete manner. The result, as might be expected,
is to bring into prominence several generic names which had fallen

e sev
into disuse, and the restoration of which—as for example Candollea
for Stylidiwm——may cause some temporary inconvenience, although
we agree with the Baron that ‘the impartial rules of strict
priority’ are the only safe ones. From the same author we have
a ees of the Plants indigenous around Sharks Bay and its

In ‘The mans Flower Garden,’ lately ges by M Mr. Murray,
Mr. W. ace on ow pac a handso My sme forming a
e gard

hundred sit idnty aes fa devoted to such matters as position

larger portion of the book is occupied dig: ree description, alpha-
betically ssranged, of all the plants best suited for its embellish-
ment, their culture, and eoesnecin suited for each,” and is carefully
done, thou h we note a slip here and there, as when the flowers of
Hydrocharis are described as yellow. The volume is beautifully
printed and fully iliatanted, the figures being very unequal in
merit.

NE s.— Barranprer & Trasut, ‘Flore d’Alger ...
Monoootyladones (8vo, pp. xvi., 211, Alger, Jourdan).—A. Dewtem,
‘La Vanille, sa culture et sa préparation’ (8vo, pp. 58; tt. 2:
Paris, Challamel singe a. GENDoRFF, ‘ Plant Analysis’ (Trans.
by H. EENISH: Bailliér : 8yo, PP xvi., 280).—W. are

. F. Dura, ‘ List of pete of Bet (Ato, pp. re
Roorkee). —T. er ea snp Commercial ‘Plants’ (No.7; 8vo, pp. 98:
Christy & Co.:

———

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—FEBRUARY.

American Naturalist.—C. E. Bessey, ‘ Hybridism in Spirogyra.’
—J. B. Ellis & G. Martin, ‘ New Florida Fungi’ (Asterina intricata,

| Venturia cupulata, V.applanata, V. saccar wa Linospora ferruginea,
_ Phyliosticta terminalis, Septoria Serpentaria, Pestalozzia myrice,
_ Helminthosporium fumosum, spp. 0n.).

60 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Ann. Sciences Nat., eth. vi., No. 6(Dec.). = Franchet,‘ Plantes
du Turkestan ’ (contd.: Cousinia coronata (t. 18), C. outichaschensis,
C. integrifolia, C. canescens, C. princeps, Centaurea turkestanica, Jurinea
Capusi, Serratula spinulosa, Koelpinia scaberrima, Scorzonera racemosa,
S. turkestanica, S. acanthoclada, sp - nn. seth, Naudin, ‘ wr
sur les eee introduits ace. la région méditerranéenné.’

Bot. Centralblatt Se 1-4).—E. Heuser, ‘ Beopaahburig iiber
Zellkeratheilang,’ (2 plates).

ec auratted Zeitung (Jan.).—J. Reinke, ‘ Untersuchungen uber
die Kinwirk ane. des Lichtes auf die Sanerstoffausscheidung der
Pflanzen’ (1 plate).

Bull. Torrey Club (Dec.).—E. L. Green, ‘ New Western Plants’
(Draba asprella, Polygala Rusby ve. Fg Se Rusbyi, CEnothera

divaricata, Bigelovia eet . acradenia, Antirrhinum Kellogit,
Pentstemon Kleei, spp. nn.). —C. i. Pee ‘New Genus of Bee ri-
aceous Fungi’ (Neospharin Sacc. = Spharia Coulteri kk.)
G.

Vasey, ‘New Grasses’ (Agropyrum Scribneri, Sporobolus Sain

p. 0

Flora (Jan. 1-21).—K. B. J. Forselli, ‘ Lichenologische Unter-
suchungen.’ — A. Geheeb, ‘ Bryologische Notizen aus dem
Rhoéngebirge.’

Garden (Jan. 19).—Bessera elegans (ic. pict.).

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Jan. 5). — Odontoglossum Dornanant
Rehb. f., Ismene Andreana Baker, spp. nn. Pinus Laricio (fig.
M.J.Ber rkeley, ‘ Vine Mildew’ Sos nat —— fig, 3.).—-(Jan. 12).
Sarcanthus Lendyanus Rehb. f., sp Masters, Pinus

ricata ( , 8, 9). — N. EB rown, $ Rooting terminal buds
of the Bramble’ (Bg 10).— f Behe on

Midland Nava, ay, KE. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’
(contd. : Lab ae

aise Journal (Jan. 19). — J. Moeller, ‘ snes
Drugs’ (Micromeria Douglasii).—H. (cand : ’ Caanhons Ledgert .
Science-Gossip —W. T. Haydon, ‘ Notes on Lathrea seuoauetae
Trans. ee Society of London, vol. 2, pt. 6—H. Mar shall
W : e, development and Life-history of a tropical
epiphyllous Token (Strigula complanata), (4 plates.)

61

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

November 1, 1888. poe Crisp, Esq., Vice-President, in the
chair.-—Messrs. T. E. G and A. Hutton were elected Fellows.

-- onation to the SBouiott of several interesting letters of
Linneus (1786-1769) to G. D. Ehret — eminent botanical
artist, was announced by the chairman, and an unanimous vote of
thanks thereupon recorded to the Misses Gaet and Mr. Charles
Ehret Grover for their valuable donation.—Mr. H. Groves showed

described by Bowerbank, and commented on by Carruthers, Etting-
ausen, and many other authors who have written upon the plants

of the Tertiary formation. Originally ouieidenek as allied t

Casuarina, Dr. Robert Brown suggested its affinities to the st

hausen thereafter regarded it as a product of a conifer (Sequoia),

and Saporta compared the fruit to that of Dammara. r. Gardner
ness fully into the structural peculiarities of the fossil fruit in
question, and satisfactorily demonstrates that it belongs to the
Betulacee under the genus Alnus.— A paper r by Miss G. Lister was
read, ‘‘On the Origin of the placentas in the tribe Alsinee of
the Order Caryophyllee.” This nicer pager is base on a series

mber
species. The author concludes that the aon in the dines is
developed on essentially the same plan as that of Lychnis, the

ence various genera being merely dependent upon the
relative height attained by the carpels on the one hand an the
cen axis on the other. This being so, it. follows that, if the

jess also s earouliaiy

November 15.— Sir John Lubbock, Bart., President, in the
chair.—Messrs. P. Crowley and J. Murray were elected Fellows
of the Society—Mr. Chas. B. Plowright exhibited a n Pat pear

; al
graminis on wheat, produced from cidium on ait ee oe ;
the ecidiospores were sown on June 2nd, 1883, the uredospores
appeared June 10th, and the ripe P. graminis was gathered Sept.
10th, 1883. He likewise called ponent to se ais s of Aicidium

62 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. -

rarely been seen in this country, and of late years almost been lost
sight of.—Mr. F. I. Warner drew attention to a series of specimens
of Orchis incarnata from Hampshire, wherein considerable variations
in colouring were manifest.—A paper was read by Mr. A. W.
Bennett, ‘‘ On the reproduction of the Zygnemacee,” as a solution

of the question—is it a sexual character? De Bary, twenty-five
years ago, and since hen: Wittrock, have instanced what they have
deemed sexual differences bet atin , thoug

of the stall sepa gue anthors. He finds there is an appreciable
os f length and diameter in the conjugating cells, that
med fs female being the larger. The protoplasmic contents he

have likewise been examined, and though showing differences, yet
on the whole substantiate the view above enunciated of cell
sexuality.

December 6. —— Sir John Lubbock, Bart., mS in the
chair.—H.H. Maharajah of Travancore, and Masars. C. A. Barder.
KE. Bostock, H. Friend, J. Hannington, J. 8. Hicks, J. Richardson,
R. Tate, and H. Ti sdall, were elected Fellows of the Society.—
Mr. B. Daydon Jackson exhibited a specimen of ‘* Mexican whisks,”
known also in the London market as ‘“ Chien-dent,” which are now
imported in considerable quantity from the vicinity of La Puebla,
in Mexico. Itis believed to be derived from an Andropogon, but is in
bulk coarser than the similar material from Southern Europe, from
a Gryllus, and finer than the species of Panicum used in
India for brushes—Mr. Arthur Bennett exhibited a specimen
of Cnn: ligerica, gathered by Mr. Cunnack in Scilly (see p. 27).
Mr. Bennett also drew attention to some masses of agglomerated
larch leaves, found in the Shropshire Meres, and known locally as
‘‘ vegetable hedgehogs.”—Mr. Charles Darwin’s paper on Instinet

d.

December 22. — Alfred W. Bennett, F.L.S., in the chair.—
Messrs. N. Cantley, W. Dobson, F. G. Smart, ‘and the Rev. R.
Thom, were elected Fellows of the Society.—A paper was read by

monies anum.” The plant isa aye of Abyssinia, ore nite in districts
8

the author shows in detail, has certain ee in the arrange-
ment of the tissue of its leaf bundles, since the cortical system
does not consist of branches of bundles of the leaf-trace, but are
cauline bundles, in this respect differing widely from such forms as

Lathyrus, Casuarina, many Begonias, &c. Rhynchopetalum, moreover,

‘
q
|
3

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 63

_ has the cortical bundles running obliquely, and forming a regular

four-sided meshed network related to the leaf bases and bundles of

_ leaf-trace. In these respects it approaches Cycas, but in the
lat ac

80
4 eons wor are oa vertically aaa’ Some Cycads and

‘ al in these plants is the correct one. 2nd, That there exists in
many parts of these plants a series of ducts or passages, differing
: poly. sree ied from these reservoirs, the differences being that they

globular and isolated, but are generally connected more or
: oi Sea with each other, and that their socrotion is not a
clear = oil, but a id or resinous liqui ints

vi t )

of agreement being those connected with their development and
function. 8rd. That at least, in some species, there is also a series
_ of schizogenous ducts confined to certain portions of the phloem.
4th. That the dark. glands, which have been described, are in
intimate eed with the fibro-vascular system. 5th. That the
_ formation of resin and kindred secretions in these —* con-

8a

forming corpuscles had been made by Kruger, yet he had failed to
‘interpret their function, which Mr. Potter’s researches now full
proved in the case of the Euphorbiacee, where the development

: kimbera ‘from British Guiana. These were all hard woods, among
rhich may be mentioned the Greenheart (Nectandra Rodiai) ; the
Ducalibolly,” a rare red wood, used in the colony for furniture ;

ov

~\,

a

64 -LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

** Wamara,” a very hard-wooded tree sixty feet high, used by the
natives for clubs, &c.; ‘ Letter-wood”’ (Brosimum Aubletii), useful
for inlaying and making very choice walking-sticks; ‘‘ Heyowa- |
bolly”” (Omphalobium Lamberti), a rare tree of twenty feet high, |

own commercially as Zebra-wood. — Mr. H. N. Ridley drew
attention to a fasciated branch of holly from Herefordshire, in
which certain of the leaf-branches were curiously interwoven.—
Dr. Murie called attention, on behalf of Mr. Frederick Piercy, to a
presumed portrait of Linnzus in oil, doubtfully supposed to be an
original. aper was read by Mr. J. G. Baker, viz., ‘A Review

. Mag »
south as lat. 44° to 45°; (8) S. Commersoni, a low-level plant of
Uruguay, lately introduced as a novelty under the name of S.
Ohrondu; (4) 8S. cardiophyllum, a little-known species from the
Mexican highlands; (5) S. Jamesii, a native of Mexico and th :
Rocky Mountains; and (| . oxycarpum, a native of Central
Mexico. The two last have the tubers very small. All our culti-
— races of potato belong to S. tuberosum; but the plant gathered

vy. Oo

s Archipela at experiment
by § Chiswick are both S. Maglia
attributes the deterioration of the potato partly to its being culti
vated in to climates and partly to the tub

There are many hundred species of Solanwm known which do
produce any tubers, but maintain their ground in the world

their seeds alone; and that, in order to extend th
power of climatic adaptation of potato species, 2, 8 and 4 should b
brought into cultivation, and tried both as pure specific types an
as hybridised with the numerous forms of 8. tuberosum.—Mr.

Cooke made a communication, ‘‘On the Structure and Affinit

is Fs oe oye

65

ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEZ.
By Tuomas Hicx, B.A., B.Sc.
(Puates 243 & 244.)
(Concluded from p. 38).

Polysiphonia nigrescens agrees in the main, in structure and si
m

As the cell-walls of the central siphon thicken, they do
so uniformly, so that the protoplasmic body retains more or less
of its Sic eeeisewy shape.

rotoplasmic continuity is well ae and may be traced

thronghout the whole thallus. The s of the different siphons
have their contents connected by ictere Bi threads whi ass
thro , and central sip are

connected with those of the cortical siphons by lateral processes.
hese processes are situated about the middle of the cell and are
comparatively short, owing to the small amount of thickeatts the

undergo.
siphonia atro- Agree has such close resemblance to the

preceding 8 species that it will be no marvel that it agrees with it
3

matter of poonlaahis continuity. The cells of the
central siphon are of a similar shape and have similar connections,
both with one another and with the cells of the cortical siphons.
let byssoides, P. tenella and P. formosa present similar
phenom
8. CEeRamium.

The eens Ceramium has a structure differing from that of Poly-
siphonia i in many respects, but agre eing with it in presenting a
thallas consisting of a central axis or siphon of cells, clothed to a
greater or less extent by a cortex. The latter, however, originates
in a different manner, being composed of cells or ae boners

)

nt to the
ament. The cortex formed by these branches dcotmuouitlg ree
so thick that it is impossible to make out the organisation of the
central siphon without the aid of transverse and lo ngitudinal
sect Even on the smallest branchlets the nodal cortications

of reagents and some y the help

however, it may be See sutabbiched that protoplasmic
— exists here quite as regularly as in the genera previously
consl d.

Ceramium acanthonotum has the ears: — of the
central cells connected as shown in Plat 8, fig. 6. In the
y' i branchlets the protoplasm of ee eel appears in optical
longitudinal section, as a lozenge-shaped mass enclose a more
or less thickened wall. The cortex fills up the paren ai <tebinedn

Journat or Borayy.—Vou. 22. [Mancu, 1884.) F

66 ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDER.

the cells at the joints, and forms a series of cellular rings, each
of which bears a short stout spine. The cortex does not present
so obvious a case of continuity as does that of Polysiphonia, but its

the cortical cells by protoplasmic threads. The connections of the
cortical célls inter se are most remarkable, being effected not by
single threads, but by several, ae radiate from the central mass
like the pseudopodia of a Bhizo d. Each thread carries a collar
which resembles that met with A > Palgtishoute eee | and like
it, appears, in some cases, to enclose a delicate diaphragm

4. Primota.

The genus Ptilota, so much admired for the loveliness of its
forms, is no less remarkable for the striking examples it offers
of protoplasmic continuity. Of eo be Floridee examined few
have presented the phenomena i complete and demonstra-
tive manner than the Ptilotas, airecalty, P. elegans. Wuhdatadtalls
monosiphonous, like most of the plants previously considered, the
_ older parts of this species become densely corticated. _The cent tral

nothing but simple filaments composed of. quadrate or oblong cells.
The protoplasmic bodies of these cells are in uninterrupted con-

he
w of the e protoplasmic bodies of the central cells of an older
sha with their connections inter . and with the lateral ee
At fig. 11 is a section of a still older part of the stipes, showing that

ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDES. 67 |

continuity does not disappear with age, but still obtains in the

axial cells. It is equally persistent in the cortical cells, but the ~
details of this are not shown in the drawing. i

Ptilota plumosa differs from P. elegans chiefly in the degree
of cortication which it presents, even the youngest branchlets being

provided with cortical. cells. As regards protoplasmic continuity,

however, it agrees with the more elegant species, though this is a

little more difficult to demonstrate.

5. WorMsKIOLDIA AND DELESSERIA.
The genera Wormskioldia and Delesseria, which, though sepa-
d

The best known of these is perhaps Wormskioldia sanguinea,
formerly called Delesseria sanguinea, whose leaf-like frond is of a fine
rose-red colour and is differentiated into a sort of petiole and
lamina, with a midrib and lateral veins. Throughout these
various portions of the frond protoplasmic continuity is exhibited

in a distinct and unmistakable fashion.

points the thickening is interrupted in such a way as to leave open

channels of communication between cel land cell, along which run

and several forms of D. alata have been examined, and all exhibit,
without exception, phenomena of continuity in the main agreeing
with those just described.

6. Cuonprus, GiGARTINA, AND OysTocLoNiIum.

general appearance of the frond is so well kno

no description. Its structure is almost entirely cellular, the cells
- being densest towards the surface of the frond, looser and slightly
elongated in the direction of growth, towards the centre. The

S
~ made so by iodine solution, aniline blue, and other reagents. ‘They
are extremely small masses of protoplasm, and strongly resemble,

68 ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEZ.

in shape and appearance, small multi ane nerve-cells,

threads and bodies is formed. The connecting rege are much ~
finer si most of those previously described, but s of them ©
carry a small bright particle which may be isco to: represent —
the eoilar met with in other genera.

igartina mamillosa, in its external characters, er es many —

oints of resemblance to Chondrus crispus, an veges
structure is also more or less similar. The sale of the }
portions of the frond are however more regularly filamentous, vend |
have fewer protoplasmic connections with other cells. Where they —
form filaments, the cells are connec a longitudinally by single ©
protoplasmic threads, similar to those of the less complex i
thamnions so that each cell has only rata connections, except where, —
a branch is given off, in which case there are three. .
Plate 244, figs, 12 and 18, are semi-diagrammatic views of the —
ae and Gigartina respectively, wick will illustrate these —
t

cellular elements, The pro anit connections of the former are ~
noteworthy, as yrsaeastity appearances not unlike those of the ~
smaller sieve tubes of the cucumber and veicat malrow. :

. Procamium.

The genus Abin is oo on British coasts by a —

single species — viz., P. cocci St is a well-known ~
“weed,” and consists of mpre poieeil'm mbranaceous frond,

whose gliimaes "aushight -s cpimmnte ne alternately secund. —
Each portion of the frond is composed of an axial row of cells, —
which becomes densely corticated and only remains free, if any- —
where, at the tips of the ultimate ramification
Sections made in different directions alee: the stouter portions a

of the frond reveal a very elaborate system of .protoplasmic —
h

pas ugh the end wall h hey 0
ae r urrounding the axial cells is a layer of moderately
e, polyhedral er whose walls, like

it ;
protoplasm, and in the older parts may differentiate a delicate :
membrane similar to that described in Polysiphonia fastigiata.

ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDE. 69

; n the protoplasm escapes from the cells it may or may not
gery P with it the lenticular body. In the former case there is an
_ open communication between cell and cell, which is very obvious
: _ when the re wall is stained.

q ical cells are much smaller than those already
a ' described, or their walls attain some thickness, and their contents
_ connected throughout, in a similar manner to that now under
- notice.

8. LAURENCIA.

q As regards protoplasmic continuity, Laurencia is one of
Most interesting genera yet dealt with. One of the commoner

arge cells, which are elongated longitudinally, and are circular in
the transverse section, while the cortex is composed t. cells that
are shorter and more densely packed, but otherwise of a similar

character. Owing to the great degree of thickening which the
; walls undergo, the seotoplenias contents of the cells often become

reduced to a mere band or thread, and then in transverse section
they appear as a small particle in the centre of the cell lumen.
rom the sictenlaciic body of each cell several processes are given
off, which run along channels or pits in the thickened wall, and
ive the contents the appearance of a Bhizo od. On reaching the
the cell each thread expands into a small circular

u ert

9. Prrrocetis.

Petrocelis cruenta I. Ag. (Cruoria pellita Harv.) forms horizontal
Pee om nocons fronds, which expand indefinitely in outline,
nd grow attached to rocks between high and low water-mark.

and below by an extremely fine ate or ag res
hg cells at the base of filaments are also connected in
ner, 7 hear is as ae here as in that ican
ide Plate 244, fig. 15.

10. FresawatEr Fioripez.

Of freshwater Floridee the only genera examined, and that
) hewhat eursorily, are Batrachospermum and Chantransia, The

70 ON PROTOPLASMIC CONTINUITY IN THE FLORIDEZX.

material was old and not very demonstrative, but it afforded some
indications of continuity, though in a form less definite and
complete than that of the marine gener.

GENERAL CoNncLUSIONS.

From what has been advanced in the preceding hepe ayy it
seems clear that if not universal, protoplasmic continuity is very
widely rari in the Flori idee. That it shonld differ panic:

in differ a and species is only what might een
cy a aoe ee: the marvel is that the a euraaaons are not
much renter than they are.

As to the question of origin, it would seem that in all these
plants ve protoplasmic threads originate, as a rule, in the manner
described by Professor E. P. Wright for Polysiphonia urceolata.*

fc rs
proceed so far as to ocmplorely est erstbos the different portions of a

ial,

That these threads are not merely peace or accidental, but
permanent and essential structures, is proved by the fact that they
are normally present in all parts of the thallus, from the oldest to
youngest, and are not restricted to special localities and special
cells.

t they are not dead, but possess the vitality and powers
of re protoplasm, seems equally certain. the first
instance they are extremely fine, and are oft n urenrgee ae

wi

protoplasmic structures become older , cbowaves, the
increase in t s and Boesas granular, a e cases,
though apparently not in all, ass e colour of the prnopia

structures. It has been pointed out that in a great many cases a
sort of ring or collar makes its appearance on each thread, at about

its middle point. This, as previously stated, is a sort of lip-like ;

thickening of the margin of the aperture through which the thread
passes, due doubtless to the action of the thread itself. Again, in

some species, a delicate diaphragm is developed within the collar.
The nature and — ns of this it is somewhat difficult i

** Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy,’ 1879. ‘On the Formation ot
the so-called “Siphons,” and on the Development of the Tetraspores in Poly-
siphonia,

5 a

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. yal

sag the diaphragm, and if the thread be ruptured by mechanica
r other means, the rupture is not more frequent at the diaphragm
‘sae elsew here. Looking a t all the facts of the case, and

later in time than that of the protoplasmic connections, there can
be little doubt that it isa a a pe to thos 5 connote s, and
that, whatever be its ultimate function, it offers no interruption to
protoplasmic continuity, so long as the cells on both sides of it are
vitally ac

In 8 ay I have pleasure in acknowledging my obligations
to Professor E. P. Wright, M.D., o kindly
encouragement and severable valuable hints, and to friend

Mr. G. Massee, of Seatborongli, for his able ass cau in de-

a termining doubtful species and for many valuable sugesctions

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Plate 242.—Fig. 1. Portion of axis of Callithamnion roseum, with cells of
primary and secondary branches; the contents of the cells connected through-
Pee orti i

t ig. on of ultimate " Beeiehiie » with developing tetraspores

otopl © masses connected by extre aments, on whi collar

has not yet app ig. 3. Longitudinal section of main axis o m-

ne re fee ted t tral and b the cortical cells
e |

connections e axi rti a4 tudinal secti
of axis of Polysiphonia fastigiata, showing the pr a aks connections of the
axial and the ——— cells. Fig. 6. Protoplasmic bodies from the axial cells
of Ceramium eda notum. Fig. 7. Protoplasmic Bodliee: wou the cortical cells
of Ceramium rubru

Plate ah ofig. 6 ecient erode ase section of an old and
stout portion of Ceramium rubru e the axial cells, and oe b the

cortical ones. Fig. 9. Tip of bra neblet a “Ptilota ¢ elegans, ‘showing continuity
Fi ta ele

throughout. g. 10. Protoplasmic bodies from axial cells of Pti ilo Jans,
Ow. eir connections with those of the lateral branches ngi-
tud section of and stout portion of a f Ptilota elegans, showing the
connections of the tral cells. Those of the cortical cells ot indicated
Se of thallus of ndrus crispus. Fig. 13. Section of thallus

. Fig. 14. Cells from inner portion o e us

of Gigartina mamillosa.
of Laurencia pinnatifida. Fig. 15. Section of thallus of Petrocelis cruenta.

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.
By W. West.
field-botanists will hail with delight the excellent practical
rl

AL
paper of Mr. Baker on this subject. I was particularly pleased, as
Irambled over some of these uplands some time ago, but did not at

_ that foes carry an aneroid with me, and I have in vain tried to

obtain some of the elevations snes ed from ordnance maps.
The “Sissi additional facts may be interesting, as a small
be at to Mr. Baker’s able paneer:

halictrum montanum. Millers Dale, 850 yds.; Cave Dale,
350 cial g flavum, Monks Dale, 850 yds,

72, ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE.

Trollius europeus. Monks Dale, 350 yds.
Cardamine impatiens. Chee Dale, 300 yds. I have also seen
_ specimens from a lower elevation at Cromford.

Nasturtium ar re Wormhill, 400 yds.

Draba muralis. Chee Dale, 300 yds. ft incana. Monks Dale,
850 yds.
a ae Chee Dale, 300 yds

Viola lut Mam Tor, abundant, 450-550 yds. Old Moor
(between Peak Forest and ’ Castleton), 500 yds. N. of Hassop,
me inc

ene inflata, var. puberula. ‘ Very characteristic ” at Matlock

at Bont 200 yds. (as near as I can tell); other plants near were
Alsine verna, Thlaspi virens, Genista tinetoria, Bctnie tinctoria, —
Rhamnus catharticus, Cornus sanguinea, Malva Sree and a
depauperate form of Campanula latifolia.—S. nutans. Head of
Mo nks Dale, 350 yds. Wormhill, 350 yds., bel dhiag the are

‘ , 350 yds.
Geranium pratense and G. lucidum. Wormhill, 850-400 yds.
Rhamnus catharticus occurs at 850 yds. between Millers Dale

upper boundary of the mid-agrarian zon It occurs in Yorkshire
at si same altitude and on the same formation, between Melham
Cove and Tarn.

Ulew europeus. Wormbhill, 350-400 yds.

Trifolium striatum. Millers Dale Station to Wormhill, 350 yds.

Vicia hirsuta. Millers Dale, 300 yds.

Agrimonia Eupatoria. Monks Dale, 350 yds.

Sanguisorba officinalis. 850 yds. (not as a weed, but associated with
Carduus Rareny tet, Trollius, Pimpinella magna, &.), Monks Dale.

B verna. ae Dale, 350 yds.

Rubus cesius. Chee Tor to Wormhill, 350 yds.—R. Chamemorus.
I have seen it on Axe Edge, but it is much more ree raas on the
western side of the plateau of ‘The Peak” at 60

Rosa mollissima. Millers Dale Station to Wormhill, 350-

00 yds.
Geni intermedium. Millers Dale, 800 yds.
Pyrus rupicola. me aie cae 350-400 yds. Chee Dale 300 yds.

venture n
nativeness ; it occurs far brie from lanes and houses.—R. rubrum.
Chee Tor to Wormhill, 350 yds. It seems native, but it is not FR.
petreum, Kite I am familing with on Yorkshire limestone. —
R. alpinum. Millers Dale, 800 yds. This also occurs at 400 yds.
near Wormhill. ; ;

ON THE UPLAND BOTANY OF DERBYSHIRE. 73
Sedum Telephium. Monks Dale, 850 yds. Also at a lower

Cromford.
axifraga tridactylites. Wormhill, 400 yds. — S. hypnoides.
Cave Dale, 400 yds.—S. granulata. 8.W. of Buxton, 400 yds.
Wormhill

4 Pimpinella magna. Monks Dale, 850 yds.
Bunium flecuosum. Wormhill, yds.
_ Viburnum Opulus. Monks Dale, 350 yds.
— Galium verum. Wormhill, 400 yds.—G. sylvestre. Wormhill
” Span at 400 yds., es not so fine as in Chee Dale at

By clorionstia Olitoria. Wormhill, 400 yds
Saeed nutans. bile ae 400 yds. — C. heterophylla. Very
50 yds. in Monks D
S Galina vulgaris. Worishill 350 yds.
BS Berretula tinctoria. Monks Dale, 350 yds.
4 Re nansin Trachelium. Monks Dale, 350 yds.
Vaccinium Oxycoccos. Coombes Moss, 500 yds.
Ligustrum vulgare. Native in Monks Dale at 350

inguicula vulgaris. Monks Dale, s.
Primula veris. Monks Dale, 350 ome Wormhill, 400 yds.

Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus. Nee + Hott at hirer: 400 yds.
Arum maculatum. Millers Dale to Wormhill, 350 yds.
Orchis mascula. Wormhill, 350-400 yds.
Gymnadenia conopsea. Monks Dale, 350 yds.
Th ovata, Chee Dale, 300 yds.
ares ornithopoda. Slopes of High Fell, 350 yds.—C. precow.
ill, 350 yds.—C. vesicaria and C. hirta occur very sparingly
Millers Dale at 800 yds. — C. glauca, var. stictocarpa. Slopes of
1 Fell, 350 yds. — C. binervis. Axe Edge and near Castleton,
yds. — C. riparia. Near Bakewell, under 200 yds.
Aira caryophyllea. Millers Dale to Wormhill, 8350 yds. —
pubescens. Chee Dale, 300 yds. — A. pratensis. Limestone
Des of rade Fell, 350 yds. <A starved form, the same which
urs on the limestone sears of Yorkshire from 800 to 400 yds.

nemoralis. M :

lenium viride. Castleton to Old Moor, rare, 400 yds. —
-muraria and A. Trichomanes. Wormhill, 400 yds.
stopteris fragilis. “Wormhill, 400 yds.
ephrodium aculeatum, var. lobatum. Chee Dale, 300 yds.;
s Dale, 350 yds.

74 LIFE-HISTORY OF LITHOSPERMUM PURPUREO-CC@RULEUM.

Polypodiuwm vulgare. Wormhill, 400 yds. ——- P. Robertianum is
common in the unfrequented limestone dales, 800-350 yds. ;
Botychium Lunaria. Monks Dale, 350 yds. :
Claytonia alsinoides is well established in a wood N. of Bakewell, ]
far from houses; Ribes nigrum and Mimulus luteus algo occur as :
escapes, about the river in Chee Dale. I regret having only added 4
one record from ‘‘The Peak ;” but the only day I was on it, it
never ceased raining, and I was enveloped in such dense mists that
my utmost vision had to be utilised to save me from danger, the 4
compass and ordnance map having also to be frequently used. §

LIFE-HISTORY OF LITHOSPERM UM PURPUREO-
ULEUM Lnwn.
By James W. Wuire.*

times this species has been named « the Creeping Gromwell”’ ; but —
although one or two old authors appear to have been correctly —
informed, none of the manuals in present use describe the manner —

hich it creeps, or rather strides, over the ground by means

t |
polished, slightly rugged,’ rarely produced.” It is fair to infe
from rof, i h i

tstock slender.
ts abou

(* Mr. White has kindly forwarded a beautiful series of specimens in illus-
tration of this paper to the British Museum Herbarium.—Ep. Journ. Bor.]

= LIFE-HISTORY OF LITHUSPERMUM PURPUREO-CG@RULEUM. 75

of propagation ; although in the first edition of the work Sir J. E.
Smith remarks that most of the leafy stems throw out roots, and
on that point is more correct than his successor. The poor, badly-
coloured figure (HK. B. 117) is pp aneser in the 8rd edition by a
barren horizontal shoot, which ver does not bear eno

In the ‘ astm Flora’ ih deseription runs ‘‘ barren stems
creeping,..... ootstock creeping,” without note on the’ manner

in which the “ mocping? "is effecte

These quotations show that this Gromwell is believed to have
either a creeping he or prostrate creeping barren os ; and to
produce fruit but rarely. I wish, by giving the result of my~
observations on its an in Scaeds to supply the acini ae to
which I have drawn attention; and to record the facts that the
roots do not creep; that fruits are ripened on every cyme, if not in
every calyx; and that the barren shoots, which seldom spring from
a flowering root, are primarily erect, then high arching, an
ultimately root at the tip, often at a considerable distance from the
parent; the young plants quickly becoming separated by the decay
of the connecting links

Lithospermum purpureo-ceruleum is at home in the warm borders

BY :
beech, whitebeam and hazel are frequent on the Mendips, nestling
in hollows at the base of the hills or tiie the flank of some out-
- lying ‘cha Sheltering amid the coarse herbage and tangling
briars on the sunny fringes of these woods, seldom penetrating
very fie tht the shade, nor yet venturing more than a yard or two
into the open ground, the handsome dee eep blue flowers of our plant
can be seen abundantly in many places at the beginning of May.
The soil is merely fragments of limestone, leavened with a little
loam, from which the roots can readily be disengaged. The root-
stock is small, woody, gnarled and twisted, with comparatively
large fibres or branchlets. Its position is more or less horizontal ;
and producing shoots only at the apex, it lengthens annually to

the extent of the width of the terminal bu

At the early season when the flowers first open, the stems,
_ barren or flowering, rarely exceed a foot in height. They are
alike erect, and the inflorescence is compact and half-shrouded

1 ct

cyme produce fruit, one or at most two polished Brignces Tike
nuts being found in each fruiting calyx. These nuts are very
persistent and conspicuous on the brown, withered, bat erect
- stems, whic n seen the next spring suggest the idea of
j eee oe poles with unusually large insulators; but on

‘detach easily

76 A NEW CHINESE MAPLE.

Meanwhile the barren stems, which are not usually produced
from a flowering root (I find that the root appears to produce
alternately barren stems and fertile ones,—seldom both in the
same season) have also developed, and from their first erect
position have loftily arched until, in the autumn, their tips reach
the ground. The terminal portions have already put forth some
short, stout rootlets, and when these touch the earth they

a chord of three feet. As soon as the rooting tip has established
itself the rest of the shoot becomes brittle and decays, its vitality
aving been expended in the formation of the young plant.

A NEW CHINESE MAPLE.
By H. F. Hance, Ph.D., F.L.S., &c.

Slatic species do not extend far south; that we must no
expect to find here very closely allied forms. 4
neal eer Fabri is angulatis glaberrimis, foliis

rectis ex apice obtuso intus sensim curvatis loculum ovoideum

€ connexum nervatum triplo superantibus. oe

In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1888, detexit
rev. K. Faber. (Herb. propr. n. 22220.

termediate between A. reticulatum, Champ.! and A. levigatum,

Wall. ! but with the leaves much less closely netted than in either.
In foliage it agrees most with the latter, in fruit with the former,
except that the dorsal edge of the wing is contiguous to the fruit-
cell, and not separated by a distinct intermediate membrane.

irre tia MOS en

De Se

77

A NEW FLORA OF SURREY.
By W. H. Bersy.

THE peri mon te twenty hey that has elapsed since the
publication of Brewer’s ‘Flora of Surrey,’ and the advance that
as been made since : 1868 in ee study of botany, both as regards
plant distribution and the better understanding and separation
of allied forms, have created a desire for a new flora of the county,
approximating more closely to our present knowledge, besides
including old records which are Joi ~ hy bot in the work above
alluded to, and giving an of the distribution
of the common plants; due param being ales paid to the history
of the progress of botanical investigation in the county. e
distinct effort in this direction was made by Mr. Arthur Bennett,
who some vars since published a list of plants eheeus from Surrey,
but found in one or more of the adjacent counties; at the same
time eras! information. Since then Mr. pie tt has found
himself unable, from want of a to continue the work which, at

has accordin ly been adopted. strong desire was felt to avoid,
if possible, a division of the chalk range from east to west, and to

st s 8,
divided into subdistricts. This gabateie sion was imperative in the
latter case, the two Arun ee ee being naturally separated by
the eee of the River

eatly indebted to Nr. Boulger for his most valuable
ia selene in devising and vone out the # erent districts,
which, in this county, present unusual difficultie

In the pth brief description ge main peer has been to
give such information as will enable anyone to trace on a good map
the various dhetrioke and subdistricts, which are as follows :—
lack

W Upp:
5. Lower Mole. 6. North-east Streams; a. "Hoge’s Mil sige
os Beverley Brook, 6. Wandle and Metropolitan Streams. 7.
E

78 A NEW FLORA OF SURREY.

Cuannen.—8. Arun; a. Ockley, d. Chiddingfold.
1. Buackwater is bounded §. by a line starting from the
Hants border at Lower Old Park, passing N.E. thro

crossing the railway and following the Guildford road to a point

on the Hog’s Back a little N.E. of Seale; thence the E. boundary

runs N. to Ash Green station, then by the workhouse, Fox Hills,

Chobham Ridges and through Paschal Wood to the borders of

Berks. The further boundaries are formed by the adjoining
k

crest of the chalk escarpment past Albury Downs, Netley Heath
and Hawkhurst Downs to White Downs; thence the E. boundary
runs §. through Wootton, by Broadmoor, to its junction with the
boundary of District 8 a, at Coldharbour. The rest of the BE. as

ussex.
b . The two subdistricts, a (west) and b (east), are sepa-
rated by the water-parting of the two main branches of the River

ey; the dividing line leaves District 8 } near Hambledon, and

thence by the River Wey itself to Guil The west subdistrict
es almost exclusively on the lower greens and formation,
abounds extensive heaths and commons, with considerable

elevations, as at Hind Head. It is here, and in Districts 1 and 86,

that several species which occur in the adjoining parts of Hants :

planatum is but a few yards from the county border, while there 18 :

hurst Down to Effingham Common, thence by Ockham and
Cobham Commons, St. George’s Hill and Oatlands Park to the —

River Thames ; 8. by District 2. Two subdistricts are separated—4 —

or
deserves further attention, and Potamogeton prelongus, which —
requires confirmation for the county, will probably be found there. —
4. Urrer Motz is bounded N. by the continuation of the line —
along the chalk crest from White Downs by Ranmer Common, Box —
Hill, Pebble Hill, Reigate Hill and Gatton to the Merstham tunnel, —

A NEW FLORA OF SURREY. : 79

and thence by Tolhurst and Willey farms to White Hill; E. by a
line running 8. from White Hill through Bletchingley, thence E.
_ by Coldharbour, and again §., passing a little W. of Horne and
_ across Copthorne Common to the Sussex border; S. by the county
of Sussex, and W. by Districts 2 and 8 a

q Mote is bounded N. by the River Thames; 8. by

which is followed N te Tadworth, then past Epsom Downs and
_ Epsom Common to Esher Common huge ‘ieee the caalway
— northward to Clave, and through Long Ditton to the River
P es.

. 6. Nortu-zast Srreams is bounded N. by the River Thames;
pW. aaa S. by Districts 4, 5 and 7; and E. by the county of Kent.
The two subdistricts are a (Hoge’s Mill Stream and Beverley

_ Wimbledon to the River Thames. Medicago gercgst? ra has not
_ been found in the county for some years, should again be looked
for at Epsom oes and in the vicinity. It is desirable that any
_ plants which may be peculiar to either of the r-basins in
Subdistrict a proan f be noted, as it may be found ndvieable to keep

e two basins distinct.
3 DEN is ters d N. by District 6; 8. by the county o
3 Bussex ; E. by that of Kent; and W. by District 4. This disteict

- has produced 1 am species new to the county, including Potamo-
_ geton pea and Viola lactea, and is rich in ferns, carices an

aquatic
4 . Arun is bounded §8. by the county of ae The line
_ enclosing Subdistrict a (Ockley) runs N.W. fro m Cowick, on the

diction that Dentaria bulbifera would be found in “this part of the
_ county has been confirmed by Mr. E. Straker, a in 1882, found
_ that plant abundant on the Surrey side of the county boundary in
_ Subdistrict a. This is indeed the only station for | it in the county,
for the single locality quoted by Brewer appears to belong to
_ Lathrea Squamaria.

3 I have alluded to one or two of the rarer species to be found in
_ Surrey, and any further information ee arden! des will be gladly
received; at the same time, information as to the occurrence in, or
absence from, any 0 of the districts or pose ae of the usually
- common plants is particularly invited. Confirmati me the
_ occurrence of the following plants is particularly epee _—

80 ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES oF oaks.

Erodium moschatum. Potamogeton preelongus.
Trifolium ochroleucum. ifolius. ~
Vicia lathyroides. Orchis hircina.
Callitriche vernalis, O. purpurea.
Parnassia palustris. O. Simia.

ium anglicum. Ophrys arachnites.
Carduus eriophorus. O. aranifera.
Erica ciliaris. _ Seirpus pauciflorus.
Mentha gentilis. Carex strigosa.
Rumex maximus. Calamagrostis lanceolata.
Salix ambigua. Briza minor (as a wild plant).

An outline map, showing the districts and subdistricts, is in
preparation, and I shall be ha to send a copy of the same,
together with any further information that may be desired, on
application to me at my address, 14, Ridinghouse Street, London, —

ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS.

By Francois Buackwett Forszs, F.L.S.

British Museum and Kew, and erating other publishe
names and localities, I have had occasion to study certain Chinese
te) ch are imperfectly kno results of xaml-

s.

In 1818 Dr. Clarke Abel published a very interesting account* —

of the journey of Lord Amherst’s embassy through the interior |
of China, from Peking to Canton. Dr. Abel was attached to the
surgeon and naturalist, and his book contains maDy

‘ Narrative of a Journey in the Interior of China, and a Voyage to and :
from that Country in 1816 and 1817, by Clarke Abel, F.L.S.’ London : 1818. :
+ “The cabins, in which but two days before we had reposed in comfort 2
ber. w

hearing that the cases had been emptied of the seed collections by one of the
rar to make room for some of the linen of one of the gentlemen of the
em ys

ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS. 81

this loss was to some extent repaired by the preservation of
specimens gathered by Sir George Staunton, one of the Com-
missioners in Lord Amherst’s suite.

Descriptions of a few species of plants are given in Appendix A
by Abel himself, and in Appendix B by Robert Brown. In the
latter the new genera Abelia and Loropetalum are founded, and as
this paper was reprinted with Brown’s works,* the species are
all well known to botanists. On the other fad, Appendix A has
fallen into utter oblivion. Among the four new species | described

mention I have found of them is in the chapter on a history
of Wells Williams’s classical work on China.{ After
searching in vain for the types of these species at the British
Museum, where most of Staunton’s plants are preserved, and in the
Kew Herbarium; I acted on a suggestion that some of Staunton’s
specimens had found their way into the Lambert Herbarium at
Oxford; but Mr. Druce, who kind dly went Ste the oaks there,
was equally unsuccessful. They are evidently absent from the
Decandolle and Delessert herbaria, or they would have been taken
up in the ‘Prodromus.’ According to M. A. DeCandolle ceed
graphie, pp. 452 and 458), igatiten: s collections were partly in
the Se Herbarium, which was bequeathed to the Grand Duke
of Tuscany, and is now at the Florence Botanical Museum. There
is Mittohon: the chance that Abel’s ‘yp es may ultimately be found
there; but in the meantime it seems worth while to bring the
species to diss: notice of botanists, practically for the first aie by
_ reprinting Abel’s original descriptions—

* R. Brown, Mise. Works, ii. 321—328

t The other two species are, (1), Cam nella Peleg. stn the type Me wee in
the British Museum, was referred by Seem (Linon. Trans 44)
Cc. vhs Thbg., and (2), Hugenia wicrophijiia; a note on which IT shall rmnevlly
pu

The Middle Kingdom.’ London: 1883. Vol. i ei Since the above lines
were Semee telegraphic news has been yar fronts w Haven, foment Se

Chinese Dictionary and in his work on the ‘Middle Kingdom. was also
much ictaveatad in Natural History. During the first American aati to
Japan he made, with Mr. Morrow, important collections of plant s, and he
botanised in China from time to time as occasion offered is name was given
everal species by his secon Prof. Asa ie —t Dr. Hance, and in closing

Chinese Empire, and a good naturalist, as well as a learned oriental scholar

JourNAL or Borany.—Vot, 22. [Marcu, 1884.] G

- 82 ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS.

“« Quercus densifolia (1. c. p. 363).—Q. foliis ovato-oblongis apice :
attenuatis subtus albicantibus, ramulis pubescentibus, spicis termi- —
nalibus erectis. Habitat prope lacum Poyang, prov. Kiangsi.

a, su venosa,
aiténietainiienis albicantia, venosa, venis rornetucte cram Petioli
semi-unciam longi, pubescentes.

‘* Quercus chinensis (1. c. p. 863)—Q. foliis lanceolatis acuminatis —
basi in petiolos attenuatis, spicis fructiferis deflexis. Habitat —
rope lacum Poyang, prov. Kiangsi. or excelsa. muli —
substriati dichotomi. Folia alterna petiolata, 5 ad 6 uncialia,
extra medium

ibu ;
tecti — oblongis, valde sericeis, apicibus cuspidatis glabris; _
intus sericei. i
oar ee 164 and 165 of his ‘ Narrative,’ Abel speaks of oaks —
found near Tatung, which is in An-whei province, but whether —
here is a confusion of ae or whether, as is probable, the —
ea ne e found in both — no practical pores 3
«One

its
head, crowning a naked ai: scab stem. Its fruits grewin long —
upright spikes, terminating the branches. Another species, —
Q. chinensis, growing to the height of fifty feet, bore them in long ©
pendulous spikes. :

imowiez, to whom I wrote on the muuetts answers that
he has no MET Fe of what Q. densifolia may be, arking, however,
that it would suggest @. thalassica Hance, were core not for the very
small leaves described by Abel. The typical leaves of Dr. Hance’ : :
species are 3-5 inches long, but there are Chusan specimens
Sloane Herbarium, labell ed Q. inversa Tiindl. (reduced Py DeCandolle :
to Q. Ealnssion), the leaves of whic average about two inches 10 —
length, which in other respects see answer to Abel's

Mae St3 abe:

With regard to Abel’s Q. chinensis, the case is somewhat .
simplified by his fuller description, and gue
facing page 165, drawn by Sir William (then Mr.) Hooker. After a

P<)
4
a5
te
a
ro)
s)
eu
Eh 4
@

chinensis, while it is erect in Lindley’s Species, and ae dichotomy >
of the branchlets, though sonra and is not commo in the latter.

arruthers, who examined the specimens
inclined to attach no great tS areleas to these differences. On
th and, M. Maximowiez wikes that his specimens of

Ro NE ae Ce Ok ee Reem R SRS Ee) Rar See St age oe en tee rae ieee ae aa

ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS. 838

_ spikes; but he adds that the larger series of examples available

here may show a closer connection than e had seen between the
tw s to these points, I find t th young hes in

phy vila va greatly; the petiole is sometimes 9 line

ong, s
arly obsolete; the base is sometimes distinctly Fee
Bicol, in the older and broader joavan. but is oftener more or
less attenuated, and there seems to be no contlake on the’ same

r
remarked that, in the figure of ae s ee there are some
leaves much broader than the typical on

nder the circumstane s M. Maxi mowicz suggests, it seems

best simply to regard Abel’s Q. ‘lensifolia and Q. chinensis as two addi-

pone to the flora of China. Unfortunately, Bunge
)

name of Q. chi li

and I therefore propose for the former the name of Q. Bungeana._
In the sixth volume of the Tansee Society’s Journal (pp. 31-
33), Mr. Carruthers published ‘ Notes on some species of Oaks from
Northern China, collected by Dr. Daniell,’ the specimens of which,
at the British Museum, I have lately had an opportunity of studying.
t Mr. Carruthers’ request I sent leaves of the two undetermined
species to M. Maximowicz, and, as was to be expected, the rich
anchurian collections at St. Detarsbars have enabled that

ope cmaned porous to offer some ataruaend eee
species No. 5 (Carruthers, ye Linn. Soe. p. 82) was, in

Q. 8
the eauace of fruit, distingwished m Q. oer ‘Thbg. by the

uniform obovate shape 0 ® lavet, ‘and by the almost obcete
petioles. M. Masimerioe ¢ wri ites inclined to k
the young plant of Q. chinensis Hauge we "0. Bungeana F Forbes),

— Usually Q. chinensis has longer petloled leaves of different shape,
i in i i young vigorous

but these jong petioles occur in innovations or

| the
_ present actually a middle form between your extreme leaf and the

adult type, some leaves of the same branch being nearer to the
type, others nearer to your leaf.”
Q. species No. 6 (Daceathees, ce. p. 82), which was pene

),
from the leaves only, as probably most nearly allied to Q. chi

=

Bunge, is considered by M. Maximowicz to be a young tree of Q.
serrata ae: ‘«‘This,” he writes, “‘in its young state, like Q. -
chinensis Bunge, bears more obtuse and somewhat panduriform
leaves ‘avhich state is the var. obtusata Blume! e!). I must add that

e eaves

84 ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS.

the Shanghai "Bund which Mr. Oarrathers refers to his species, and
aig study of this material leads m whether its
iden h Q. serrata has been fully established. The

cimen from the Leyden Herbarium, labelled by Blume, Q. serrata,
the leaves of which correspond wit th Mr. Carruthers’ type in their
acumination, but differ in being little, if at all, attenuate at the

and clothed with hairs, which under the lens have a much more
shiaeey appearance ¢ than those from Shunghar stamens generally
4, but only 8 in some few flowers on the catkin. In Q. acutissima
the male “ower: a are very shortly but distinctly pedicelled, the
perigone lobes in the catkin examined are only 8 (there are 4 in @.
serrata), ovate or triangular, not cut down more than two- thirds ee :
the base; stamens usually 8, though 4 were found in one or two —
cases. My specimens have no fruit, and the female flowers ar
very young, but the styles show a differe nee from Q. serrata iD
being not dilated, a Arto notched, at the apex. Stauntons
plant, which served a s type, has no acorn, but only a cupule, the
scales of which are adpressed more closely and for a much longer
distance upwards than in any of Q. serrata which I have examined.
On the whole, it seems to me that the question of merging —
Q. acutissima in Q. serrata can only be decided by the study of
fuller materials, which should be ‘eanily Sater aga as the former
tree is not uncommon in the Shanghai

GLAUCA ab. —The first record 27) ne species in China

was made in 1875, by Dr. Hance,* who had received it from the
provinces of Fokien and Chekiang. I have a specimen, gatheree
by my i i ian.

and are be BOER CRANIRE mucronate, and the under piled of ‘all
is velvety, with prominent parallel costules. They match @
Japanese specimen at cri hath from the Leyden Herbarium.
There is also at Kew a men gathered by Mr. Maries in the
Lushan Hills Mere se hie: is probably one of Blume’s varieties
of this specie

PE AR Alta de ced We OT YET mere

* Journ, Bot. 1875, p. 363.

% ON SOME CHINESE SPECIES OF OAKS. 85

Q. Visrayeana Franch. & Sav. (Enum. Pl. Jap. ii. 498).—-There
are, both at the British Museum and at Kew, two unnamed
specimens brought by Fortune, in 1854, from the Chekiang Hills,
_ which I found to be identical with a see specimen in my
herbarium, collected by M. ee in 1863, at Naga- Rigg.
and ite ted by him under the label * Q. glauca? Thhg., var. ?”
_ In reply to my inquiry, M. aicisores informs me that since his
4 distribution he has found that his specimen matches exactly
- Blume’s type at Leyden, of Q. myrsinayol, but that it matches
equally well with Franchet and Savatier’s Q. Vibrayeana. e
_ former species has fruit in axillary tires two or three together,
- and the latter has them in spikes; but, in the absence = any fruit
at all on his own specimens, M. Maximowicz had been unable to
_ decide the question, It happens that Fortune’s and my y upecipieds
have good fruit, and their characters agree so well with Franchet
_ and Savatier’s diagnosis that I have no hesitation in referring the
_ Chekiang tree to this species, which is now first recorded from China.
4 Fortune’s ticket bears the memorandum, ‘‘ Quercus sp., on which
_ Dicronocephalus feeds”; and Prof. Oliver was good enough to draw my
_ attention to a note by Fortune in the ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ * where
S

4 the error being perpetuated in the ‘ Flora Hongkongensis.
m Mr. Carles specimens gathered b

. hina.
Museum a few other Chinese spe erence 5 bet yet critically deter-
mined, and which are therefore not included in - list.
Q. acutissima Carrut oe Pct fa Kiangsu
Q. aliena Bl. Pechili; Anwhei.
Q. bambusifolia Hance. Hongko ong (Q. salicina HL H.Eay
: reins bowed ho wee hinensis Bunge non Abel). Pechili;

oT ~ hegnrcticronseg The fine evergreen oak sold under this name was found
wild on t shi Mequon = the ~~ jan g tage Full-size ype are at 30

on this svecies. This oak is preted to be hardy in er siahe and if me it will
be a valuable introduction. It is probably distinct from the Hongkong species
which has been published under this name.”—Gard. oa 1860, p. 170. The
i i. 2, p. 100 «Q. bam
wseéfolia Hance MSS. (Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1860, p. 46, e. pierces is
vidently a misprint, nor have 1 been able to trace iste pet Lindley’s pen
m this subject.

+ Journ. Bot 1875, p. 364.

aa

86 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

Q. chinensis Abel. Kian
Q. cornea men | Hongkong ; S. China.
Q. cuspidata T Cor
Q. densifolia ae Kian
@. dentata Thhg. Pechili's “shige ; Shantung; Corea.
Q

ge Champ. Hong
Q. gilva Bl. Chusan fells ago.
Q. glandulifera Bl. Chekiang; Kiangsi; Corean wR
Q. glauca Thbg. (Q. annulata Sm.) Kwangtung; Fokien
ee : ‘Kiangst Kiangsi.
ei Bt

.
o
Pe
-
Be

a.
Q. Hartah Hance. Hongkong; 8. China.
es g.

: Shing

Q. mong golica Fisch. os ea. ; Shingking.
@. Mouleti Hance. Chekian 2
Q. obovata Bunge. Pechili » Shin king. ee
Q. sclerophylla Lindl. Hongkong ; ; Kwangtung 5 ; Fokien i

Chekiang; Kiangsu; Kiangsi; Chusan n (?
Q. serrata Thbg. Shin ingking ; Shant tung Kiangsu ; Chekiang. 4
(. thalassica Hance (Q. tnversa Lindl.) Hon enone + North China

(in Herb. Mus. Brit. sine loco); Chusan (Herb. §

‘ 2Q. ur reser Bl., et var. @. brevipetiolata ke DC. China (ex

rod. x

2,p.1
‘ Set Reo Franch, & Sav. (Q. bambusefolia Hort. nom
Hance). Chekiang. es

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SFLAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxzr, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 26.)

110. S. u li. 224 :
Stems se theg voatliag a foot in aoe slenuer, flat on the back, .
bisulcate on the face, j

ong,
lanceolate, Sic ara Keel ed.
H cuador, Jameson ! Spruce 4790! 5603! New
Granada, Sati
8. Linpien A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran., 881.—Stem
trailing, reschiee a : boas in aa. “flat on the back, bisuleate

_ A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 87
_ the face, jointed at the nodes, a ae a, ae the
branches copiously compound. Leave rat r plane much
spaced, spreading, btn! lanceolate, acu fat in fini: very
unequal-sided, the lower margin parallel with the midrib, the upper
rounded, laterally attached, truncate at the base, very obscurely
ciliated ; sage of the upper plane half as long, oblong, acute, not

cuspidate. Spikes }-4 in. long, square, 1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, Senucty keeled
Hab. New. nada, Lindig 1507! Holton 88 !

Andes of Gra

ea Spruce 4798! 5676! Scarcely more than a variety of
ingula
1 . Kraussrana A. Br. in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1859, 22;
S. mnioides Spring, ex parte; S. hortensis Mett. ; Lycopodium
en Kunze; L. denticulatum Hort.—Stems ‘trailing, 4-1
ong, jointed at the nodes, flat on the back, subterete on the
face, copiously pinnate, with copiously compound erecto-patent
branches. Leaves of the lower plane contiguous on the br anchlets,
spaced on the branches and main stem, 0 oblong- -lanceolate, acute,
4-4 in. long, bright green, moderately firm in texture, a little more
produced on the upper side of the midrib, ciliated and broadly
rounded at the base and a little imbricated over the stem; leaves
of the upper plane a third as long, oblique ovate, acute, not ¢ cuspi-
date. Spikes short, square, 3-1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate- caaplaictee
strongly ke at d.
H pe Colony, Natal, Fernando Po, Cameroon Mountains,
Azores, Mderrs: and reported also from Sicily. The commonest
species in gardens, where it is often grown under the name of
“ Tycopodium denticulatum.” S. Brownit Hort. Stansfield, is a
dwarf variety from the Azores. I cannot distinguish from this
species S. remotifolia Spring in Plant deen er 276, from the
mountains of Java, and S. japonica Miquel, Prolus, 349, from Japan,

one-third to ee as long, oblong, acute. Spikes short,
square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate cuspidate, strongly keele
. Java, Zollinger 2011! A near ally of S. rotundifolia,
114. §. Savatieri, n.sp.—S. denticulata Franch. & Savat. Enum.
Jap. ii.- 198 , non Link. — Stems trailing, 2 in, long, sparingly
pinnately branche, the branches erecto-patent, the lower forked,
the upper simple. Leaves of the lower plane spaced, spreading, a
line long, shicue ovate, — pale green, rather fir mer in texture

88 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

long, oblique ovate, ike not cuspidate. Spikes 4-1 in. long, ©
$-1 lin. diam., sometimes forked; bracts ovate cuspidate, similar
in texture to the Jeaves, neither dense nor acutely keeled. Macro-
spores finely echinulat

Hab. Japan, in the island of Nippon, Savatier! Very n
nipponica, from which it differs by its more cordate leaves anid
muricated macrospores.

115. 8. yreponica Franch. & Savat. Enum. Jap. ii. 199.—Stems
wea 2-4 in. long, pinnately ad the branches erecto-

ng,
S. weg ie rere more produce the upper side

oblique oblong, acute, not ‘caspidad e. Spikes 4 4-1 in. lon
diam. ; bracts gaitor or slightly dimorphic, similar to the leaves
in texture, ovate cuspidate, not dense, nor strongly keeled

Hab. Japan, in the island of Nippon, Thunberg ! Savatier |
Bissett! Differs from 8. imtegerrima mainly in its laxer, less
acutely-keeled bracts. There is a specimen of this from Thunber,
in the Smithian herbarium, so oie . is agabulsss the Lycopodium
ornithopodioides of his ‘ Flora J apon

116. S. mnreGerRma Spring Monop: li. 79; L. integerrimum and
ornithopodioides Hook. & Grev. — Stem trailin very slender,

$0
crowded and ascending on the branchlets, neeaion! and Spee a or
deflexed on the main stem, oblique oblong, subacute, 1-12th i

leaves of the upper plane one-third to one-half as lo ong, oblique,
ovate, acute. Spikes square, 1-4 in. long, 1-1} lin. diam. ; bracts
ovate-lanceolate, strongly ke ele

Hab. n the warmer parts of the island, Kenigj
Gardner! Thwaites 8280! This is the Lycopodium ornithopodioides

f the Linnean herbarium. We have closely allied plants from
Japan, gathered by Oldham; from the Macalisberg range, in Sout
frica, ered Sanderson; fro ourbon, gathered by Dr

er

cuspidate; and from Chusan, gathered by Alexander, with more

rigid smaller acute leaves of both kinds, which will likely prove

distinct ; but none of the specimens are in fruit, and they may be
aoe stachyo id.

117. 8. exieva Spring Mon. ii. 288: Lycopodium aristatum

ee ? S. aristata J. Scott? non Spring.—Stems densely tufted,

in. long, very slender, decumbent, with slender root-fibres in

the ‘lowes half, closely pinnate, with compound lower branches. _

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 89

Leaves of the lower plane crowded on the branches, spaced on the
main stem, oblique ovate, acute, a line long, pa e green, mem-

and imbricated over the stem. Leaves of upper plane little
smaller, oblique ovate, acute, shortly ieee. Spikes short,
copious, 1 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate, went strongly keeled, sixtislat
to the leaves in texture.

ab, Assam and Mergui, Griffith! Resembles 8. proniflora
in leaves and general habit.

. PINANGENSIS Spring Monog. ii, 205. — Stems entirely
trailing, very slender, suleate on the face, about 14 ft. long, ports
pinnate, the central branches with 3-4 short contiguous branchlet
lls of the lower plane close on both stem and branches, =preadaiiy:

oblong, obtuse, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, pale green, membranous,
nearly equal-sided, rounded at both sides at the base, a little
imbricated over the stem on the upper side, shortly ciliated through
the lower half of the upper side; leaves of the upper plane one-
third as long, oblique ovate, with a cusp nearly as long as the blade.
— short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, strongly
eeled.

Penang, Gaudichaud ; Assam, Jenkins! Closely resembles

serpens in general habi
119. S. tee ctissima, n. sp.—Stems filiform, trailing, intermatted,
flat on the face, 14-2 in. long, the — short branches simple or

little compound. Leaves of the lower plane spreading, contiguous
or “ena spaced, ovate-deltoid, acute, bright green, membranous,
not more than } lin. long, very un unequal- sided, very cordate and

strongly ciliated on the upper side at the base and much imbricated
over the stem, the leaves of the opposite side considerably over-
wrapping each o ther; leaves of upper plane half as long, ovate,
with a distinct cusp. te short, 4 lin. diam., dee bracts
ovate, acute, membranous, strongly ciliated, sharply ke

Hab. Macalisber g mountains, along with the ai satin tacuaat
under S. integerrima, Sanderson !

1 Mackenii, n bps 24 BUeiit filiform, trailing, intermatted,
3-4 in. lon ng, suleate both on back and face, forked low down, the
few pinnate ascending branches simple or little compound,
of the lower _— spreading, contiguous on the branchlets, spaced
“on é e Are m, oblong, subacute, a rhe in. long, pale green,

us, more produced on the side of ‘the midrib,

Hab? Banks of the Tugela river, Gerrard & McKen 287! A
near ally of S. se

121. S$. Cooperi, —Stems intermatted, trailing, filif
2-3 in. long, flat on the bak, bisulcate on the face, the few ieaitee
patent branches sparingly compound. Leaves of the lower plane
contiguous and ascending on the branches, rather space

>

90 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

suneiaaked over the tem. on the ae ts at the base ; en of
the upper side half as Jong, ovate, with a short cusp. Spikes
long, square, 1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate, idnbraee
strongly oe in the upper r ha

Hab. Orange Free State, Cooper 1056! Between albo-nitens
and inser.

. ROTUNDIFOLIA Spring Mon. ii. 85; Fee Fil. Ant. t. 84,
fig. 2 —Stems very slender, Gailme. intermatted, 2-4 in. long, the
distant branches short and s mple. Leaves of the lower plane
oso i lin ibe tlstile: cuspidate, i lin. long, pale green,

mbra nearly equal-sided, rounded on “both ek at the base,
sory ciliated on the upper, not imbricated over the stem; leaves
of the upper plane one- third a s long, ovate, acute, not cuspidate,

not imbricated. Spikes very short, ek 1 lin. diam.; bracts
ovate, acute, membranous, strongly kee

ab. West Indies: St. Vincent, Maras. Guadeloupe, &e.,
caer 579!

128. S. ovifolia, n. sp.—Stems filiform, trailing, 1-2 in. long,
the distant Sepuatige short and simple. Leaves of the lower plane
close, spreading, ovate, acute, } lin. long, bi ight green, mem-
branous, nearly equal-sided, epee, ciliated on both margins,
rounded on both sides at the base, not imbricated over the stem;
leaves of the upper plane a ‘hatter as long, oblique ovate, acute.
Spikes very short, 4 lin, diam.; bracts ovate, acute, membranous,

strongly keeled.
Hab. Porto Rico, Schwanecke! A near ally of S. rotundifolia.
S. macilenta, n. sp.— Stems very slender, filiform,

trailing, intermatted, 3-4 in, long, little branched, often excurrent
ne flagellate at the tip, with the leaves rudimentary. Leaves
of the lower plane spaced, spreading, oblique ovate, acute, 4 lin.
long, much more produced on the upper side of the midrib, broadly
rounded on the upper side at the base, not ciliated, not imbricated

e, 1
bracts ovate- lanceolate, m embranous, strongly keeled.

Hab. On stones at “the foot of Mount Chimborazo, at an
altitude of 3000 sid Recs A near nae of S. Rees clas

stem ; leaves of the upper plane half as long, ithe oblong, acute,

strongly ciliated. Spikes short, square, } lin. diam, ; bracts ovate-—

lanceolate, strongly pee “conspicuously iiilatod.-
ab. Cuba, Wright 8

re be continued.)

ee Be sot
ESOS ES. Ree eae

91

SHORT NOTES.

ERYTHRHA CAPITATA, Var. SPHHROCEPHALA.—On turning over a
iiiligeinn’ of Channel Island plants, made’ in 1876, in company with
my friend Dr. Fraser, my attention was attracted by a small tuft of
Erythrea, which appeared to me to resemble fig. 2 in the frontispiece
to the ‘Flora of Hampshire’ (Journ. Bot. 1883, t.236). A dissection
of the single flower which the plant possessed showed the filaments
free to the base of the tube of the a so that there was little
doubt of the identity of the spec Mr. Townsend himself

Ist of July, 1876, in ves northern end of the Island of Guernsey,
and, [ believe, on L’Ancresse Common. It will pee gf be found
in Western France, and svasibiy in Belgium.—Wm. Maruews.

[Mr. Baker informs us that the plant has also been found in
Oeland by Dr. F. Areschoug.—Ep. Journ. Bor.]

Juncus tenuis Willd., 1n Enetanp.—In crossing a rough and
rushy pasture, in the parish of Cradley, Herefordshire, a few weeks
ago, I met with a plant which at first sight I took to be Juncus
compressus Jacq., but which a further ie ae showed to be

Will

amply different from that Hae Mr. iam Mathews, to whom
I sent specimens, at once gave his opinion tae the plant was
J. tenuis Willd., and Mr. J. G. Baker has since confirmed his

determination. To me it is partienlarly interesting, as suggesting

that Don’s plant, mentioned in ‘ English Botany,’

also really J. tenuis. In edition 1 it is thus noticed « Found ty

Mr. G. Don, in 1795 or 1796, by the side of a rivulet, in marshy —
ry ra

gathered. far
tuft, bat poe it may prove to be more widely distributed.—
R. F. Tow

Ker an excursion through southern Kerry,
in noun 1883, I callosted several plants not hitherto recorded from
aad or interesting as being from new localities. Radiola

throu bi ut the whole district, from near Bantry to Dingle,
Solanwn Dulcamara, not recorded from Kerry in ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’
gr tween Killarney and Mucross. Hieracia were
remarkably scarce. H. anglicum occurred in plenty in the Horses

92 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Glen, Mangerton, with a iricum, which also occurred on the

Purple Mountain. Veronica Buaxbaumii grew in the beds of the
gardens at the aie at Macrae: and Glencar, and also on the shore
of Bantry Bay, near Glengariff, in Cork. It is strange to see this

comparatively Fadint introduction into the British Isles in parts

Ireland not yet reached by much older introductions, such as
the poppies and fumitories. ee mpetrum nigrum, reported rare in the

south of Ireland by Dr. Moore, was plentiful on the summit of the
Purple Mountain. Ceratophyllum demersum, not recorded for Kerry
in ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’ occurred abundantly in a pool at the foot
of Ross ans Killarney. Hriocaulon septangulare was growing
plentifully in a small lake, on the road to Sneem from Kenmare, at
about four estes from the former place, in company with Cladiwm
Mariscus, Kleocharis multicaulis, Nymphaea alba and Lobelia Dort-
manna. ‘This is a new locality, connecting that of the Cromeen with
the Carra Lakes. Carex rigida was growing with Saussurea alpina
in long grass, in the upper part of the Horse’s Glen, at Mangerton,
and Aira alpina also occurred on the rocks at the same place, above
the first lake. It is not recorded in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica’ for
Ireland. Poa supina Schrad. (an alpine form of P. annua) grew
on the wet stones and in the water of the streams descending from
Carn Tual. IDLEY

West Norrorx Pxrants. — On 1 looking over the records for
county 28 in ‘ Topographical Botany’ I find that I possess the
oo. unrecorded species for that county :—Lotus tenuis Kit.
Hunst n.— Filago spathulata Presl. Heacham; Dockin Com-

, mon. — Or epis taraxacifolia Thuil. Hunstanton, found by Herbert
F. Fryer. — Littorella lacustris L. In a pool on Docking Common.
— Koeleria cristata Pers. pre - F. Fryer. — Triticum
junceum L. Hunstanton. — Atrrep Frye

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Nouvelles Remarques sur la Nomenclature anes par M. Alph. de
Candolle. Genéve: Georg. 18 9 pp. 8vo.

Tue purport of this Seas is set forth on the title-page as a
‘Supplement au Commentaire du méme auteur qui accompagnait

Since 1867, when the ‘ Lois de la raransetots botanique’
were issued by M. Alph. de Candolle, with a running commentary
on certain points, many questions ‘have arisen 2Witieh were not
foreseen during the period of drafting the laws. Naturally these
questions were referred to the paramount Retest of the author
of the Commentary, and from time to time opinions have been
published concerning them. Discussions re also taken place on
these topics, as the pages of this Journal abundantly show. de
Candolle has therefore consolidated his replies, and has here issued

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 93

diem with some new suggestions. We = briefly summarise the
new features in this edition of the Law

The Introduction mentions aie attempts at drawing up
codes of nomenclature, chiefly on the part of zoologists and
geologists. Next follow PO gee and discussion on certain
Articles of the laws issued in 1867 ; with additional Article, 15 bis.

e much debated Art. of the original laws is also treated

here m= length.

The Second Part consists of new questions, on which no
declaration was made by the Paris — of 1867. These are:

: Nomenclature of eroups of lower rank than varieties.
- When an author has united one genus with another, without
ing the inte can he be quoted for each specific name
inepbad by the un
5. Capital or asital letters for specific na
6. Additional remark on a names of tie ‘great divisions or
classes of the vegetable king
art Three is devoted ts a a.-reenbiialation of the old laws, wi
some Soenioete additions, arising from the foregoing ae ee
ew Articles, exclusive of cian in the wording, or n
patdericoks are these
Art. 7 bis. Les rigles de la nomenclature botanique s’appliquent
a toutes les classes du régne végétal, et aux plantes fossiles comme
a celles acutellement vivantes
0 bis. a il s ‘agit de plantes fossiles, les formes qui

se sont succédé, et qu’on estime pao étre rapportées a une
méme espéce sont appelées des mutation
ee La désignation d’un groupe, par un ou plusieurs

noms, n’a pas pour but d’énoncer des charactéres ou l’histoire de
ce groupe, mais de donner un moyen de s’entendre lorsqu’on vatit
en par ot
50 (recast). Lorsqu’un nom inedit a été publié en

Vatiribunsit & son auteur, les personnes qui le percep plus
tard doivent ajouter le nom de celui qui a publié; mple :
Leptocaulis Nuttall in D. G.: Oxalis lineata Gillies in Hoakae:

rt. 66 (recast). Un nom de genre doit seein tel quil a
été fait, 4 moins qu’il ne s’agisse de corriger une erreur purement
typographique. La désinence d'un adjectif latin as nom d’espéce
peut étre modifiée pour la faire accorder avec le nom generique.

We hope shortly to take up the whole of the points newly set
forth ; in the meantime we trust that this outline may suffice.

Bs duds

New Books. —-H. Battton, ‘ Le Jardin Botanique de la
See de Médecine ~ ee (Svo, pp. iv., 180 (map): Paris,
r.). — A. Lav ‘Les Clematites a grandes Fleurs’

(0, pp. xii, ., 84, tt. 29: Pats Bailliére). — J.C. Sauzt & P.N.
‘Flore des Deux-Sévres’ (8vo, ed, 2, pt. 1, pp. xxxi.,

94 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

343: Paris, HeLeuae) —C, err ‘Vergleichende Botanik i

fiir nee (8vo, pt. i., pp. xiii., 112, 8 plates: Jena, Mante).—
de DD. : i

pp. 257- 512: Scrophularinee to Acanthacea). — §.Viwau, ‘ Sinopsis
de familias y géneros de Plantas Lenosas de Filipinas’ (Manila,
Chofré: 1 vol. (text) 8vo, pp. xvili., 414; 1 vol. ae —

pp. xliv., tt. 100). — H. Frrenp, ‘Flowers and Flower
2. vols., pp. xvi., 704 (London, Sonnenschein, 1 16s.). — J. ee

: Catalogue of causcan Plants olypets tale’ (Montreal, Daw-
son: 8vo, pp. ix., 192). — G. ie s, ‘Flora della provincia di
Bologna ’ ee pp. xix., 583: Bolo Se Zanichelli). — F. Antorne,

‘Phyto-iconographie der Bromeliaceen’ (text, 4to, pp. vill., 6:
5 fol. plates: Wien, Gerold).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

American Naturalist. — J. B. Ellis & G. Martin, ‘New Flor
has (Isariopsis clavata, Phyllosticta fraxini, P. catalpe, palo 2:
~ orontii, R. andr omed@, Cercospora perse@, C. heuchere, Macrosporium

‘Martindalei).

Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. —R. Kidston, ‘On a Specimen of
Pecopteris (? RAE ‘pha Brongn.) in circinate venation, with re-

arks on Spiropteris and Rhizomopteris.’ — ‘New Species of
Schutzia (S. Bennieana) from the Calciferous Sandstones of Scotland’
(1 plate). — F. Schmitz, ‘On the Fertilization of the Floridee’
(1 plat ee

Botanical Gazette. — A. P. Morgan, ‘Memoir of L. D. de
Bohveinits eine — a S. Earle, ‘N. American forms of
a ote

t. Contralblate (No. 5). — E. Henser, ‘Beobachtungen tber
Zelikerathtlung (2 lage — —. Rothpletz, aoc f Oswald
Heer (portrait). — (Nos. 6, 7, 8). A. F. W. Sch , ‘ Ueber
Bau See der pr erdeet: Westndiens.’

‘eb. 22). QO. Loew, ‘ Noch einmal tiber das Protoplasma.’
Botaniska Motte: — C. Kaurin, ‘ Fra Opdals Mosflora’ (Brywm
claviger, sp. n.). — E. Ljungstrim, ‘ Vaxtgeografiska bidrag till
Skines flora.’ — Id., ‘Om nagra Koénsfo rhall anden och dirmed i
a stiende modifikationer i blommans bygrad hos en del

ynge
letin of . ee Bot. Club (Jan.). — J. Schrenk, ‘ Notes on

Tuck sre (1 plate).—F. L. Scribner, ‘ New N. American Grasses’
(Bouteloa wide. Thurber B, Burkitt Seribn. ee Havardi Vasey,
zB. Avene Bat Trisetum Hallii Seribn.). —- G. Vasey, pakke hila
Curtissti, 1. sp.

are (Feb. 9).—Vanda Sanderiana (ic. pict.).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 95

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Feb. 2). — Caryopteris mastachanthus (fig.
30).—W. G. Smith, ‘Sand and Fungus Spores.’ — (Feb. 9). Mas-
devallia pachyantha Rehb. f., Saccolabium ieiliniond Rehb. f., spp. nn.

—C. B. Plowright, ‘ Barya aurantiaca’ (figg. 32-34). — (Feb. 16).
Aerides Rohanianum Rehb. f., Oncidium endocharis Rehb. f., spp. nn.
—J. H. Krelage, ‘ Iris reticulata cyanea—I, histrio’ (fig. 41-44),

Knowledge (Feb. 1, 22).—G. Allen, ‘ The Evolution of Flowers.’
_ — Naturalist. — J. EK. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’
(La

Nature (Jan. 81). — G. Schweinfurth, ‘Further Discoveries in
the Flora of Ancient Egypt

Naturalist. — G. Maio: ‘Primary Causes of Variety in Plant-
Structure.’

Zeitschrift. — F. Lorinser, ‘Hin neuer Pilz’
yee (Plenraes sulcato-jugatus). — iesbaur, ‘ Die
senfl in Bosnien ’ (contd. ).— J. a aumler,
‘ Die ocedors von Pressburg in Ungarn.’—H ‘ Bacterien
als directe Abkémmlinge einer Alge.’ — B Blocki, - ‘Bin Beitrag
zur Flora Galiziens und der Bukowina’ (contd.). — schek,

‘Ueber Darwin’s Bewegungsvermégen der Pflanzen.’—V. v. Borbas,
‘Die Nadelholzwialder des Eisenburger Comitates.’

Pharmaceutical Journal (Feb. 16).—J. mast ee Munting
‘De Vera Antiquorum Herba Britannica.’ H. Paul, ‘Report
on Analyses of "Speanians of Cinchona Bark fi on India.’

Science- Gossip. — W. H. Harris, ‘ Fossil Plants in the Silurian
Formation near Cardiff.’

Science Monthly. -- G. C. Chisholm, ‘Lessons from Common
Plants.’

BOTANICAL NEWS.

Mr. G. 8. Bouteer is about to prepare a new edition of Gibson’s
‘Flora of Essex,’ and will be glad of assistance he Flora will
be re-arranged according to river-basins, and the literature of the
subject thoroughly worked up. Mr. Bo oulger wishes to have every
form recorded authenticated by a specimen in his herbari
Boulger is also collecting materials for ee notices of
Thomas Webb Dyer, M.D., of the Bristol Infirm d of
Richard Warner, author of the ‘ Plante Woodfordiensis
ry Batrour has been appointed Sherardian Professor
of Botany st Oxford. There were six candidates, and the electors
were Sir John Lubbock, aS wie Babington, the President of
lom

Magdalen, Professor Bartho w Price, Professor Moseley, the
Bishop of Winchester, and Sir giyfdos Hooker. The duty of aH

Dosfeanie is to lecture and give instruction in botany. He
also have charge and cipeavanee of the Botanical Gardens and of

96 BOTANICAL NEWS.

the botanical collections belonging to the University, and it will be
part of his duty to make the gardens and collections accessible to
and available for the instruction of students attending his lectures.

benefaction of W. Sherrard, Doctor of Civil Law, and assigned to
the professorship, and also to the emoluments appropriated to the
professorship by the statutes of Magdalen College. The combined
emoluments of the office from these sources will be £500 a year.
The Professor will be subject to the statutes of the University in
regard to the professorship, and to the statutes of Magdalen in
regard to the fellowship. The Professor will also receive £200 a
ided

Tue study-set of the very large collections recently made by
Mr. H. O. Forbes in Java, Sumatra, Amboya, Timor, and Keeling
Island, have been acquired for the British Museum Herbarium, to
which have lately been added the type-collections of Algwe belonging —
to the late Dr. Dickie, and the Rose-herbarium of the late
M. Déséglise.

Mr. Townsenp is anxious to obtain good collections of the
English mints. Address, stating terms, Honington Hall, Shipston-
on-Stour.

_ Dr. Joan Hurron Baurour died on Feb. 11th. We hope to
give a notice of-his life next month.

Tue Council of the Royal Society have appointed a committee,
consisting of Messrs. Ball, Carruthers, Dyer, and Oliver, to prepare
a catalogue of the known plants of China, and have placed £200
at their disposal for this purpose. The committee have secured
the co-operation of Mr. F. B. Forbes, who, during a residence of
many years in China, devoted considerable attention to its flora,
and since his residence in England has had prepared, at his own
expense, catalogues of all the Chinese plants contained in the
Herbaria of the British Museum and the Royal Gardens, Kew. It
is proposed that these catalogues and numerous additional materials
in the possession of Mr. Forbes shall be the basis of the enumeration,
and that Mr. Hemsley be asked to assist in the work.

A rumour from China was received last month that Dr. Hance’s
valuable herbarium and library had been destroyed during the

a calamity, although he must have passed a mauvais quart @heure
uring the disturbance. _

97
ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF |
SCIADOPITYS

By Maxwewtt T. Masrers, M.D., F.R:S.

Tue opportunity which I have recently had of examining
specimens, in various stages of growth, of the curious Umbrella
Pine of Japan, Sciadopitys verticillata, leads me to offer the following
notes, which, though fragmentary, may help to fill up our know-
ledge of the plant and its allies. The evidence I — been able
to collect enables me to lay down these proposition

at the true leaves of Sciadopitys are the ‘aoeablowara of the
true or primordial leaves of Pinus.
hat the ‘needles ’’* of cineca Ee they occupy
the same relative position as the eedles”’ of Pinus, are not
Bu Serta of ares same morphological ‘significan ce.

. That the bracts of the cone of Sciadopitys are homologous
with the true iat of that a and also with the bracts of
Abietinee genera

hat the seed-scales of the cones of ee are the
equivalents of the corresponding parts in Abietinea.

. That the adult seed-scale of Sciadopitys and of Abietinee
ce the same pasha position with regard to the bract that
the ‘“‘needle” of Sciadopitys and the are’ of ‘‘needles”’ of
Pinus ee its sheath) rospoctivady do to the true leaf.

at although the apparent —— = he same between the
parts just ‘angansictied, it does not follow their morphological
again is identical, inasmuch as me oeigit may be different.
in proliferous cones of various species, the bract may
become cae or it may remain in the condition of a bract-scale as
in Sciadopitys.

. That in such proliferous cones the seed-scales may be
present, in a more . ots peri 8 state, while in other cases they
on! be ee

- That

ach of these points I propose to offer some remarks,

based ae articularly on my own observations, and with only

such moons reference to the copious literature of the subject as
may be esse

The sites of the true leaves of Sciadopitys:—The comparison of

the leaves on the branches of this plant with the Serve guard oe

and it may be added with the cotyledon, of Pinus is in itse nt
to establish this proposition, which may be supported cS the state-
ment that the anatomical conformation is essentially the same in

I use this word advisedly, in order not to predicate prematurely anything

a8 to the exact nature of these m

JOURNAL OF Socks Vou. 22, [Aprin, 1884.] H

98 ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS.

all, the xylem lieing aed ho phloem below,* the meet difference
consisting in the abse f the ‘‘ bundle-sheath ”’ the leaf
of Sciadopitys. If confi¢iastinn were needed it aight be obtained
from an examination of the seedling plant.

Germination of Sciadopitys—The seedling plant nt a long
ik aaah branched tap-root or radicle, a lon lindrical

aa Been iinet re

from the seed-coats as the US ; = this latter pomt
I have at Ertan no direct evidence, nor as to their soso

nu

Although no apportanity has yet occurred to me of absolutely

seeing the transition between these elongated primordial leaves
aves i he ad

branches, there can I think be no Peneoneble soubt of their
sa een identity and serial sequence
ds.—At the ends of the shoots of " Selassiige ee shaped
Bae such as those just alluded to, occur crowded together
in close spirals, without internodes, and in fact play the part
perule or bud-seales. In the sé -f most of these may —
be seen, during the resting season, traces of the “needles,” one
to each scale. In the earliest stage ‘a "which I have yet seen
em, these needles appear in the form of oblong flattened

ie the real nature of these ‘needles’? I do not at
present intend to offer any statement, further than to confirm
in general terms the anatomical structure, as revealed by VoR ©
Mohl, Haeaat and Dickson, { and to allude to the curious

* Bertrand, ‘Anatomie comparée des tiges et des seed her: les ona C8
et les Coniféres,’ Ann. Se. . ser. Bot., tom. xx., p. 105, tab. 10, figs. 3 and 13.
t Bertrand, l. c. p. 105, tab. 10, figs. 4,5; Von Mohl, pant copes” re
Engelmann, “vhs Zeit., 1868, na 484. Strasburger, Conif. und Gnetac., p. 3
} Dickson, ‘Proceedings Inter siege Botani cal Congress,’ Londo — 1866

read before the Botanical Soc of Edinbu g evue ortioge
1867 et Feb ron., March 1, 1884 “bie ers, ‘ Vege

Teratology,’ Pe 852, adnot. For the literature of the subject see Bertrand, Joe.
cit.,p. 104. Mr. Bower's sews on the nature of this organ, communicated to

the ‘Linnean Society as this note was passing the press, will be shortly n
public. A brief abstract will be found in Gard. Chron., March 15, 1884, p. 346.

ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS. 99

branched condition they occasionally present. The “needle” divides
e apex more deeply than usual, and from the fork proceeds a
little branch, bearing at its summit a whorl of “ needles.” (Fig. 1).

Fic. 1.—Branching “needle” of Sciadopitys, after Carriere

seale (barren) peace Bat age , -

100 ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS.

A more complete examination of similar specimens would obviously
be desirable, but in the meantime, so far as they go, they lend little
or no support to the notion that these organs are purely foliar, but
they are not inconsistent with the views that the parts in question
are of axial or of combined axial and foliar nature

8

proliferous cones such as represented in Veitch’s ‘ Manual,’ p. 201,
it may be of some interest to record the principal points observed.

side appendages bearing rudimentary ovules? is suggestive as regards the theory

of Braun and Caspary as to the nature of the seed-scale of Abietinee.

The young cone of Sciadopitys ig cylindric-oblong, obtuse at both
ends. The lower bracts are deltoid-lanceolate, pinkish brown and
‘membranous, and obviously serially continuous with the tue
ru

The bracts increase in size from below u wards, more particul

in width, and their basal portion become considerably thickened.
Tn passing upwards, the thickened portion of the bract increases
size, while the thinner membranous portion either shrivels up

falls away entirely. The lowermost bracts are empty, those

2

5
a

hy

ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS. 101

immediately above pe base of the cone present about the middle

of their inner surface a transverse line of white hairs, which,
under the micro basoe: w8 seen to consist of oblong nucleated cells
placed end to end in lineal series. Next in order, going from below
upwards, are bracts having in their axils semi-lunar seed- scsi
fleshy in texture, of a greyish green colour, and which emerge

Way
Fie. 4.—Prolified cone of Sciadopitys. [For the use of this cut I am
indebted to Messrs, Veitch.]

the cone increases in size, these seed-scales gradually surpass the
Scale in length, and become anes d longitudinally fluted on
their dorsal e. eir young condition they are much

e bract, and within the line of hairs above
Mentioned. They vr now composed entirely of ete ee tissue, the
oblong nucleated ¢ cells being arranged in radiating lines from the

102 ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS.

base. The cells at tha base are relatively small, those towards the :

distal or free edge are larger and full of yellowish granular
protoplasm. Raat the aia of the inner surface of the seed-scales

next Jamgrcete a b Srameverse groove may be seen. On the scale
t ule

next above this one, one oyule was visible; the succeeding free
scales bore each pax ovules, the next five, its successor seven.

The order and arrangement of the ovules were not exactly
the same in all cases, but it seemed to be invariable, that if but
one ovule were present that one was central in position, as if the
formation were centrifugal.

Fie. 5.—Bracts and scales from a cone similar to that seh rege yo = a
A, bract ae np eae from lower sed of scone, seen fro side

is shown from without, BR = brac act, sc = Se ‘scale th © soto
tema show the relative position of b

D, bract rtion of “ neste
in its axil, enlarged 4 diam. ; D, bract with | portion

seed ae tk a — sections of the base of the
e at this stage, spiral ves

donor ta thie me a oe essels were seen, corresponding 12

visible prior to the rie seated - i ovules, a fact, however,

which is paralleled in many similar cases, and a circumstance to

borne in mind in gauging the value ee Ne put upon the position

number of the vessels as indications of morphological

zation. The vessels in question are clearly branches from those
by making sections 94

supplying the bract, as may be

he ovules, no trace of such vessels being —

Pay Wes welts =: ie

ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS. 103

different levels from below upwards. In the upper seed- — the
phenomena are similar, but in inverse order; the seed-scale
gradually disappears, and the number of the hey is | tad
from seven to five, three, and lastly to one only ; that one occupies
the centre, the vessels disappear, and the seed- a becomes once
more wholly ce ular.
€ cones aie in the second year after their formation, pas

as they are so ag known, at least by figure and description, it i
not necessary to more than that their structure, in so far as
regards the distribution of the liber and woody elements of their
fibro-vascular bundles, is according to Kichler, an I hav
myself observed, essentially, the same as in Pinus,* i.e. with the
phloem above and the xylem below, the reverse of what is the case —
in the “needle” of Pinus, but agreeing in so far with the
arrangement in the needle of Sciadopitys.

Scaleless Cones of Pinus muricata and of Cunninghamia« —It is

ed above with the bracts of .. e cone. In the gel: case they
pass gradually into thick spatulate bracts, terminating in a long
acumen. In no case is any trace of seed visible.t Sections
Srrough their bracts show 5 or 7 fibro-vascular bundles, embedded
im cellular tissue, and which may he senees down to the vascular
cylinder traversing the axis of the
It is also interesting to compare “the appearances met with in

proliferous cone of Cunninghamia sinensis with those of Diotopian.
In these cones the seed-scales were absent, but the bracts were

sed b

surrounded by ong ioiinas cells. Isolated strengthening cells of

r character were dispersed through the parenchyma. At the
base two fibro-vascular bundles were seen (in all probability sub-
divisions of on e), and these had their xylem directed inwards
towards the axis, the phloem outwards as in true leaves.
addition, there was a la ayer of transversely elongated cells, repre-
senting the transfusion tissue of Van Mohl. Lastly, the upper
eee erored with the usual epidermis.

* Kichler, ‘ Ueber die ep corps Bliithen der Coniferen,’ Monatsber. R
Acad. Wissenschaft, Berlin, 1881, p. 1048, tab. 1, figs. 10, 11, 12, 13. See also
Van Ti eghem, ‘ Anatomie phe) de aN fleur femelle, &. des Coniferes,’ Ann,
Se. Nat. 5 Serie, Bot. tom. x., p. 278, tab. 13 (figs. 18—21), Pinus,'Abies, Picea
é Lariz, CG, edrus.

t It is quite likely that in some species the seeds and seed-scales are not
formed till long after the bracts, This is a point that —— inv tion. é

104 ON THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF SCIADOPITYS.

Proliferous Cones.—These have been so recently investigated
by Hichler,* that it is not requisite here to enter into detail about
these outgrowths. In general, the bracts in such cases becom
more or less leafy, that is, their always foliar character becomes
enhanced, the seed-scale disappears, and in its place are found buds
or leaf-bearing shoots. (Figs. 2, 8). Such conditions are very
common in the larch and in Cryptomeria japonica, and I have met
with it in species of Tsuga and in Abies Douglasii. Parlatore figures
a fascicle of ‘‘needles” coming from the axil of the bract in Pinus

oniana. er what has been published, however, it is only
necessary to allude to two instances of prolification which have not

n under the observation of Professor Hichler. I allude to
prolified cones of Sciadopitys verticillata and of Cunninghamia
sinensis respectively.

Prolification of Cone of Sciadopitys—The first intimation I had
of such a production was derived from Veitch’s ‘Manual of the

.

Conifers,’ p. 202, wherein such a cone is figured from the col-

produced in France, and for an opportunity of examining which
am indebted to M. Carriére.

n the ordinary cone the bracts are inseparate from the seed-
scale for nearly their whole length (fig. 5, a, 8), but in Messrs.
Veitch’s specimen the bracts were gradually detached from the
scale, the bracts themselves becoming not more and more leafy,
as they usually do in proliferous cones, but more and more perular
in character. From the axil of some of the uppermost of these

an f
Parlatore. But, though occupying the same position,

already been alluded to, so far as regards the outgrowth from the
inner surface of the bracts. The leaves of this tree are pseudo-

* Eichler, ‘ Ueber Bildungsabweichungen bei Fichtenzapfen,’ Sitzber. Kon-
Acad. Wissenschaft, Berlin, 1882; Masters,in Gard. Chron., January 28, 1882, p. 112.

+ ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ Jan. 28, 1882, p. 112. :

HUNTINGDONSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’ 105

_ Thave now offered evidence in support of all the propositions
with which I started at the outset, and it remains to be seen wha
inferences may be legitimately drawn em. ong
most important facts elicited is the circumstance that identity of
i ot, in all cases, to be taken as evidence

fascicle of leaves of that plant; on the other hand, it does present
considerable accord with the ‘ needle” of Sciadopitys, differing
chiefly in the greater number of the vascular bundles.

Lastly, as far as it goes, the evidence now brought forward seems
to support the view of Hichler as to the nature of the seed-scale
in Abietinee, Fichler’s views have the merit of simplicity, and do
not involve so many assumptions and unproven statements as those
of other morphologists do. What those views are is fully set forth
in memoirs to which I have referred, but for the sake of conciseness
I may here be allowed to quote from a letter received from the
eminent morphologist and dated February 17, 1882:—‘‘ The

g the n 3
appearance of these buds brings about various changes In thé
seed-scale, such as folds, lacinie, and similar irregularities, which

and the abnormal production.
a
HUNTINGDON PLANTS & ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’
By Atrrep Fryer.

In the following list of Huntingdonshire plants (which is
supplementary to that given for the county ee Topographical
Botany ’), two or three “introduced” plants ar included ;
these are only such as already are, or are kely to become,
Prominent members of the Huntingdon flora; or such as may

106 HUNTINGDONSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.”

serve field boianiats as indicative guides to further discoveries.
I have to thank hur Bennett most warmly for assisting my.
slender botanical knowledge with his rich experience and valuable
judgment, which have been most patiently and SO UO given.
Ranunculus peltatus Fries, a. truncatus. Common in the fens.
Helleborus viridis L. Ellingto on Thorpe, le it was pointed

Nymphaea alba. The Ouse, and backwaters between St. Ives
and Huntingdon
Papaver dubium L. Both the vars. Lamottei and Lecogii grow in
Warboys Tick Fen.
Diplotaxis muralis DC. St. Ives; ce introduction.
rosin serpyllifolia L. Holme —b. lept toclados. St. Ives,
Holywell. ‘As good “ates oy lage saw,’ ’ Rev. W. W. Newbould.
cop eas arvensis Li, b. vulgaris. Somersham, on ‘Old West
iv

Polygala vulgaris L. Warboys Turf Fen. P. depressa Wender.
Holme Fen. A distinct looking plant. Mr. A. Bennett, in refering
it to this species, says, ‘‘it seems to answer to the var. pyxophylla
Reich., a plant of the Tyrol and West Central France.”

Trifolium Jiliforme L. Holme Fen

nobrychis sativa Lam. Warboys, clay soil ‘near the wool
introduced.

Vicia angustifolia Roth, a. nic tke Somersham

Spirea Filipendula L. Buckworth; Werkonts: ‘old pasture by
Puttock’s Lane,—to remove ne First record by the late Mr.
W. O. Aitkin, of Somersham, a most excellent and trustworthy
naturalist.

Fiubus Lindleianus Lees. Holme Fen. Named by Prof. Bab-

gton
= Epitobium obscurum Schreb. Holme Fen. — EZ. palustre L.
)

Callitriche a Le Gall. Warboys High Fen, Tick Fen;
the commonest form in the fens.

Holme, by the railway,

Apium graveolens L. Ramsey Fe

Artemisia Absinthium L. War arboys, on Puttock’s Drove; im
some years in vast quantities, making nearly £20 in a single season
when sold to London herbalists. Native and widely spread over
the fens.

Gnaphalium dicicum L. Holm: e Fen, where it was pointed ow
to me by the Rev. W. R. Linton. I have heard of another colae
but have seen no specimen.

Chlora perfoliata L. Woodwalton.

Limosella aquatica L. Erith (Journ, Bot. 1883, p. 377).

Thymus Chamedrys Fr. Abbots Rip

Calamintha Acinos Clairy. Holme Fon

Salvia Verbenacea L. Holywell.

Marrubium vulgare L. rahe introduc :

Myosotis versicolor Curt. Trundle Hill, Pidley ; hardly the
typical plant. i

HUNTINGDONSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY. 107

Primula vulgaris Huds., b. caulescens and ¢. intermedia. Both at
Warboys Wood.
_ Chenopodium ficifolium Sm. Warboys; Ramsey; on fen soil.—
C. hybridum L. St. Ives.

Ceratophyllum submersum L. St. Ives (Journ. Bot. 1888, 875).

uercus Robur L. The var. pedunculata is the only one I have

seen in Hunts or Cambs.

Carpinus Betulus L. Warboys Wood.

Populus alba L. Warboys Broadpool; planted, but sometimes
having the look of a native in the fens.

Salix fragilis LL. Somersham ; all willows, so frequently culti-
vated in the fens, must be recorded as doubtful natives, even when
growing in such wild places as Holme Fen, as they are frequently

frequent i damp places.—S. R jana Sm. § am; War-
joys alba L. Somersham, &c.—-S. wndulata Khrh boys
T en.—S. tria L., d. amygdalina. Warbo lia
Sm. Holywell, &¢.—S. viminalis L. Warboys, &¢.—S. acuminata Sm
Warboys Turf Fen.—S. cinerea Sm. Warboys Turf Fen, tive
—S. Caprea L., 8. aurita L., and S.repens L. Holme Fen; native

Potamogeton natans . Ives, and commo -

; n in all hig
land ponds. — P. Zizii M. & K. Ramsey Fen (Journ. Bot. 1883,
Pp. 816).—P. decipiens Nolte. Earith (Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 816).—
P. crispus L.., b. serratus Huds. Warboys Tick Fen, &e. ; seems a
good variety in the fens, not like the early state of the typical form.
— P. flabellatus Bab. Earith, with well-developed lower leaves
(Journ. Bot. 1888, p. 316).

Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. Solom Lodge, Leighton. — J. com-
pressus Jacq. Somersham; named by Mr. H. C. Watson. St.
Ives; well-marked plants. :

cirpus acicularis L. arith, by the Ouse.—S. Tabernemontant
Gmel. Warboys Broadpool.
Carex stricta Good. Warboys Turf Fen.— C. precox L. War-

Rey. W. RB. Linton.
Asplenium Ruta-muraria L. Warboys Church.

he will himself communicate to your pages. All the plants above ©
Ramed I have personally observed. Let me say I should be
thankful to Huntingdonshire botanists for local lists, even of the
Commoner plants

108

NOVAM ECHINOCARPI SPECIEM
Trapir H. F. Hance, Ph.D.,

Echinocarporum generis, a Sloanets americanis (quibus
illustri Lib. Bar. F erdinando de Mueller revocatur *), | evissimis
tantum notis distincti, hodie decem meeps species, quarum
una solum in insula Java reperta est, quinque in Indi# montibus
oriuntur, get quattuor parit feracissima Kustcals orientalis

aga. Hise addere juvat undecimam speciem, cujus
unicum ponaiies ehiteiad fructiferum, in altioribus prov. Canton-
ensis jugis nuperrime detectam

E. , Sp. Nov —Arboreus, ramulis glaberrimis, foliis
=~ ah basi cuneatis a apicem ireaagh leviter pauci-

patentibus basi solutis axeos apicem rotundatum nudantibus
osseis 2 lin. crassis endocarpio purpureo-tincto plus minus solubili
aculeis rigidis 33-5 lin. longis subulatis tuberculo parvo sep1us
neta ‘culos pilisve Sheng antrorsis obsitis persis
en in loculis solita
5 ics pee shan, pro a Cattancitian: m. Sept. 1883, leg.

rev. H. Faber. ee propr. = 22216). Proxime videtur affinis
E. as Ben

im - enus retineo; nam secundum amici de Mueller
saratitie.s in sanedios Australianis characteres quibus stirpes
Asiatice a Sloaneis dignoscuntur { prorsus evanescere videntur.

SISYRINCHIUM BERMUDIANA.
By W. B. ee A.L.S. -

S convince at such was the case. Referring to the
literature of the subject, I found this view supported by all the
early writers who had actually seen the Bermudan plant. The
pegs of the two species concerned is soon told. Towards the

of the seventeenth century Plukenet figured and_ briefly
described what he os ed the Bermudan and the Virginian
Sisyrinchii, the types of which are still one in the Sloane
Herbarium at the British sees Dillenius, who had oppor

* Fragm. phytogr. Austral. iv, 92,
+ Ejusd. op. v. 28, vi. 170.

Benth, in Proce. Linn. Soe. y. suppl., 2,71; Boequillon in Adansonia, vie 49.

SISYRINCHIUM BERMUDIANA. 109

osenanes ni seeing living plants at Eltham, followed Plukenet
n distinguishing these two species, and Asean better figures and
fee complet sus and them in the ‘ Hortus Elthamensis.’
inneus, who we assume did not see the Bermudan plant, as
there is no Aaah in his herbarium, united the two, as varieties
of one, under the name of S. Bermudiana. Miller, who seems to
have been the most accomplished English yee of his day, was
the first to Pinte the two forms to specific rank. This was in
es In 1789 ‘Carlie seared vr true Hieilan plant and
d upon its specific rank, remarking that he had livin
lenis before him of both of Ba species figured by Dillenius.
Unfortunately he gave it a new specific name, for which he after-
wards expressed his regret. The first DeCandolle Mig the say
to the excellent figure of the Bermudan pla which
published in Redouté’s ‘ Liliacées,’ at the Sanining: of the ‘cat
century, and he particularly points out its distinctive characters.
I have not taken the trouble to turn up every book in which the two

botanists seem to peste greed that there is only one 2 Spee of
a ee in the eastern States, and this they designate 8S.

Bermudiana. The obFOF poten arose in consequence of. the
Bermudan plant disappearing from European gardens, though the
name was retained. S. Bermudiana requires the shelter of a
greenhouse in this country, not merely to protect it from frost, but
also to enable it to attain its full wed Sa while S. angusti-

cited below of his S. gramin
e synonymy of vm eeyodan plant follows:

Sisyrincnrum Bermuprana Linn. Sp. Pl., ed.l. p ). 954 (quoad
tantum) ; Miller Diets ed, 6; auisek Encycl. Method. Bot. i
p. 408 ; Redouté, Lil. t. 149.

Sisynrichium Bermudense floribus parvis, ex ceruleo & aureo
mixtis; Iris Phalangoides quorundam; Plukenet, Almagestum,
Pp. 348, et Phytogr., t. 61, fig. 2,

ermudiana Tridia folio, fibrosé radice, Tournefort, Inst. Rei
Herb., p. 888, t. 108; Dillenius, Hort. Elth., Ag 48, t. 41, fig. 48.

Sisyrinchivun iidiokdes Curtis, Bot. Mag., t. 94.

Lo — Bermudianum, var. 1, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc.

n

Endemic j in the Bermudas.

Besides the viii specimens alluded to above, there are
cultivated specimens at Kew from the Ne of Bishop
Goodenough, s cdangtl by the Corporation of Car

Sisyrinchium Bermudiana differs from S. engin in being
much larger in all its parts, and sirikiaphy so in its broad leaves,
which are squint at the base; hence Curtis’s name inidivides. It
grows eighteen to twenty-four inches high, and is stout in pro-

110 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

portion.
perianth are obovate-mucronate; but I have not been able to

SisyRincHium aNncustirorium Miller, Dict., ed. 6 (1771).

Sisyrinchium anceps Cavanilles, Dissert. vi., p. 845, t. 190, fig. 2
1788).
Sisyrinchium gramineum Curtis, Bot. Mag., t. 464 (1799).
Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii., p. 88 Ce

Sisyrinchium Bermudiana Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. i., p. 954, excl.
8. Bermudense.

Sisyrinchium Bermudiana, A. Gray Man. Bot. Northern U.S.,
ed. 5, p. 517; Chapman, Fl. Southern U.S., p. 474; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., xvi., p- 117, excel. var. 1.

Sisynrichium ceruleum parvum, gladiato caule Virginianum :
Plukenet, Almagestum, p- 348, et Phytogr., t. 61, fig. 1

Bermudiana graminea, flore minore cxruleo : Dillenius, Hort.
Elth., p. 49, t. 41, fig. 49.

ommon in the eastern States of North America, from Massa-
u

to be indigenous in Ireland

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxmr, F.R.S., &e.
(Continued from p. 90.)

126. S. Cunninghami, n. sp.—Stems trailing, 3-6 in. lon

or oblong, subacute, 4-3 lin. long, bright green, membran :
unequal-sided, very cordate and shortly ciliated on the upper side
at the base and much imbricated over the stem; leaves of the

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 111

upper plane half as long, oblique ovate, with a distinct cus p.
Spikes copious, }-} in. long, 4 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate,
crowded, strongly keeled.
Hab. Rio Janeiro, Riek Cunningham ! Glaziou 5217! 7039!
127. S. rhodospora sp. — Stems very slender, entirely
tra ee copiously pinnate, ee lower branches compound. Leaves
of the lower plane spaced, spreading, oblong, acute, 4 lin. long,

with a large cusp. Spikes short, copious, 4 lin. diam.; bracts
ovate cuspidate, crowded, strongly keeled in the upper half.
Hab. Eastern Cuba, Wright 1824 |
128. 8, Morrrzrana Spring Mon. ii. 249.--Stems trailing, inter-
matted, 4-1 ft. long, flat on the back, flat or suleate on the face,
copiously pinnate, ie lower branches often considerably compound.
Leaves of the lower plane spaced and spreading even on the
branches, oblique wee. acute, a line long, bright green, firmer in
texture tha an in apus and brasiliensis, unequal-sided, more produced
on the upper side of the midrib, slightly cordate and shortly
ciliated on the upper side at the base, and a little imbricated over
He stem; leaves of ae upper plane half as long, oblique ovate,
acute. Spikes short, 1 lin. diam.; bracts uniform or slightly
orphic, ovate- lanceolate, strongly keele
Ha of Venezuela, New Granada, and Ecuador,
ascending to 10,000 feet. A near ally of 8. apus and brasiliensis
In Crypt. Nov. Gran. p. 867, A. Braun defines six varieties. S.
porphyrospora A. Br. Crypt. Se Gran. 369, gathered in Mexico by
Sartorius, differs from Moritziana by having branches Mey excur-
rent whip-like ends, like riers ony flagellata and cladorhizar
129. A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran “8743 "8. cras-
sinervia, polysperma, and apus, ex parte, Spring; S. apus Fée Fil.
Bras. Suppl. 98; 9. Beyrichiit A. Br.; Lycopodium brasiliense Raddi
Fil. Bras. 82, tab. 1, fig. 4; L. patulum Gaudich, non Sw.—Stems
trailing, 2-4 in. long, copio usly pinnate, the br anches erecto-
patent, the upper simple, the suet slightly compound. Leaves of
e lower plane spaced and orig ge except towards the tip of the
branches, oblique oblong, acute, 3-1 lin. long, bright green, mem-
ranous, more produced on the upper side of the midrib, cordate at
the base on the upper ‘ide; distinctly ciliated sat imbricated over
the stem ; ‘Mavis of the upper plane half as long, oblique oblong,
with a distinc t cusp. Spikes }-4 in. long, . diam.; bracts
Ovate- “nyieomant strongly tkeeled i in the upper
Common in the southern half of Brazil, from Bahia and
Minas Geises to ante Ontherins,: “A near ally of S. te S. poly-
‘perma Spring is a form with short stems and copious long makin
8. anocardia A. Br. in Fil. Nov. Gran. 874, is said to differ from
brasiliensis by its more remote, more obtuse Sbiined of the lower
plane; leaves of the upper plane with a shorter cusp and anticous
ts not so acuminate, and furnished with a broad keel, which
is ey toothed in the upper part.

112 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

180. §. nupovicana A, Br. in Ann. Be. Nat., 4 ser., xiii. 58;

S. apus var. denticulata Spring Mon 77. — Stems pars

b
am.; bracts ovate-lanceolate, a line long, strongly keeled.
Hab ama and Louisiana, Drummond 485. A near ally of

n.

ebm.; S. sarmentosa Liebm., non A. Br.;
S. Moritziana Fourn. Crypt. Mex. 148, vix Spring.—Stems trailing,
2-4 in. long, copiously pinnate, the short erecto-patent branches
mostly simple. Upper leaves of the lower plane close, erecto-
patent ; lower spaced, spreading, ovate, acute, at most a line long,
firm in texture for this group, more produced on the upper side of
the midrib, spuriously 2-nerved, very cordate, shortly ciliated, and
much imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base;
leaves of the upper plane half as long, oblique ovate, with a long
cusp. Spikes short, under 1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate,
strongly keeled.

Hab. Mexico, Liebmann! A near ally of S. Moritziana, with
which Fournier unites it.

132. S. muscosa Spring. Mon. ii. 100.— Stems slender, flaccid,
twisted, trailing, tufted, 8—4 in. long, copiously pinnate, the lower
branches sparingly compound. Leaves of the lower plane spaced,
ovate, subobtuse, a line long, unequally spreading, sometimes
inflexed or reflexed, subcordate on both sides at the base, moré
produced on the upper, minutely ciliated, and imbricated over the
stem; leaves of the upper plane scarcely smaller, curved, con-
vergent, aristate. Spikes short, square; bracts ovate-acuminate,
strongly keeled

ab. Damp woods at Rio Janeiro, Luschnath.

133. 8. apus Spring Mon. ii. 75, ex parte; S. albidula Spring
Mon. ii. 95; Lycopodium apodum Linn.!; L. albidulum Sw.—Stems
slender, trailing, densely matted, 1-4 in. long, angled on the face,
the short distant erecto-patent branches simple or forked. Leaves
of the lower plane spaced below the tip of the branches, the uppet
spreading, the lower reflexed, ovate, acute, 4 lin. long, pale green,
membranous, unequal-sided, more produce e upper side of
the midrib, serrulate, not distinctly ciliated, cordate on the uppet
side at the base, and a little imbricated over the stem; leaves of
the upper plane half as long, ovate, shortly cuspidate. Spikes 4-4
in. long, 1-12th to 1-8th in. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, mem-
cae about a line long, strongly serrulate, acutely keeled in the
upper half.

Hab. Canada, and through the United States to Texas. Com-
mon in cultivation. Interesting geographically as a representative .
in the temperate zone of a characteristically tropical group.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 118

134. S. prasina, n. sp. — Stems slender, square, trailing,
intermatted, 1-2 in. long, flat on the face, with a few short
oe simple branches. Leaves of the lower plane, the upper

mtiguous ‘and ascending, the lower spreading and spaced, ovate,
bide or subacute, 4 lin. long, bright green, ee eae unequal-
sided, more produced on the upper side of the mi ib, roadly
rounded on the upper side at the base, Siiseterely ciliated, and
a little imbricated over the stem ; leaves of the upper plane half as
long, = or oblong, acute, not ‘cuspidate. Spikes short, copious,
: Lien suborbioular, cuspidate, membranous, strongly
keeled in fithe uppe

Basketiar ay C. Wright 1825! 1825 b!

135. S. conferta, n. sp. — Stems very slender, trailing, inter-
matted, 1-2 in. a copiously pinnate, the lower branches slightly
compound. Leaves of the lower pone close, erecto-patent, linear-
oblong, obtuse, + ind long, bright green, membranous, equal-sided,
rounded, strongly ciliated, and a little -imbricated over the stem at
' the base ; leaves of the upper plane one-third to one-fourth as sr

oblique oblong, acute. Spikes very short, } lin. diam.; brac
ovate, crowded, strongly keeled.

Hi Cuba, Wright 8909! A near cai of S. albonitens.

6. §. auBonrrens Bpring on.i i. 80; mollis: L’ Herminier,

innate, the upper ts me simple, the lower eae compound.
Leaves of the lower plane spaced on the main stem, rss
oblong-lanceolate, a line long, subacute, maellnekods: bright gr
rather unequal- sided, rounded on the upper side at the ph
shortly ciliated, and ‘slightly. imbricated over the stem; leaves of
the upper plane one-third as long, oblique ovate, with a distinct
cusp. Spikes +-4 in. long, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute,
very scoeriiad, strongly keeled.

Hab. West Indies ; 9 ate pi 940!); Jamaica, Guadeloupe,
Porto Rico, South Brazil, 7’ die!

137. 8. ctaporHizans ti: Be, di Crypt. Nov. Gran. 866.—Stems

branches simple, the lower slightly compound, exourrent a whip-
€ at the top, with rudimentary leaves. seo of the lower

Spikes
; Bn, indig under 1 lin. diam 5 dank on cee sow aed,
ges tt

Venezuela, at Tovar, Fendler 824! Limestone rocks at
Troon re,,on the Rio Tapajoz, Trail 1486! A near ally of S.

(To be continued.)

Journan or Borany.—Vou, 22. [Aprit 1884.] I

114

FRANCIS MASSON.
By James Brirren, F.L.S.

An enquiry by Mr. N. E. Brown as to the whereabouts of
certain drawings sent by Francis Masson to Sir Joseph Banks,
has induced me to carry out an intention, formed some time since,
of publishing a fuller account of this early collector in South
Africa than has hitherto appeared. Notices of him will be found
in Laségue’s ‘ Musée Botanique de M. Delessert’ (pp. 178, 179);
in ‘ Rees’ Cyclopedia,’ the beat published summary of his work;
it the ‘Annals of Botany,’ ii., 592; and in the ‘ Gardeners’
Chronicle,’ n.s., xvi., 335. To | the particulars givén in these books
I have been enabled to add considerably from various sources,

The fact that the greater part o on’s collections 1s m
the British eae and that these have been peaches ignored by
writers upon uth African botany, seems to me t o afford an ad-

al and energy of the former and the value of the latter are
so manifest that it is unnecessary to draw witention to them.

Francis Masson was born at Aberdeen in August, 1741, became
a gardener, made his way to London, and entered the Royal

€ previous year, ‘‘ suggested to his Majesty the idea of sending 4
ae ae neat a gardener, to the Cape, to collect seeds and
plan e Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. His Majesty was
Sieny et if to adopt the plan, though, ” says Masson, from
the preface to whose ‘ Stapelie Nove’ we are quoting, ‘‘at that
time so little approved by the public, that no one but myself chose
to Satta the execution of it. I sailed for the Cape m

of which, on his return to England, he abled an account

in the ‘ Philosophical earsiatione vol. iri: pp. 268-817. On

his first journey ei aun. 10, 1772—Jan. 18, 1778), - mye: he was
hm e |

“attended by a This yes Oldenbur.
from Thunberg (FI. Wensnaie p. 6), who, speaking o of Mask. says
‘‘ Anno 1772 brevius cum D, Ollerbons iter instituit.”* The

Oldenburg’s plants—about 1000 in number—are in the British Muse
Herbarium, having been acquired by Sir Joseph Banks; a MS. note by Mr.

a memet incitatus et eruditus, in campis rbem circumjacentibus comes sepe
meus indefessus Anno 1772 fuit, et eodem anno iter cam D. Masson instituens;
plantarum copiam collegit. Anno 1774 insulam Madagascar adiit, ubi febri
maligna correptus diem obiit supremum.”—Fl, Cap. 6, 7.

FRANCIS MASSON. -115

** second j eS. — 11, cme, 29, 1774) was Pant ao in
h Dr. Thunberg ”’

bere, as, although he does not gates this in his account, he
writes to Linneus that he “* made two stabi journeys with the
ingenious Dr. Thunberg,’’* and the latter (Fl. Capensis, p. 6) says
of Masson “Annis 1778 et 1774 me cig interiora Africes versus
orientem et septentrionem peragravi The last year is that
usually given by Aiton in the ‘ Hortus tae for the introduc-
tion of Masson’s plants, and it is also the year in which most
of his specimens in Herb. Brit. Mus. were collected. Writing to
Linneeus, he speaks of having “‘ added upwards of 400 new species
to ae Majesty s collection of living plants, and I believe many new
gen

On “the 19th of May, 1776, Masson oe left England. Of his
work during the next few years, I am fortunate in having found a
full account in the Banksian omen nce; and, as this has
never been published, I think it best to sme it entire. As will be
seen,. ie is in the form of a memorandum (which is not dated),

sed to the King by Sir Joseph Banks in his capacity as
Piaidant iv the Reval Society.

In the year 1772 Sr. John Pringle, late dive ger he the royal. Society, ping
pplication to his Majesty that Mr. ome then of the under Gardine
Kew, might be appointed to reside for some time é the Cape a “Good oes, in

order t to collect there Seeds & living ie for ths Royal Botanical Garden

His Majesty being graciously pl eased to honor this plan with his royal
&pprobation, & to signify to Sr. John Pringle that wasagy th pcm e allow’d

England about 3 years
In the course of his. absence he drew bills on Messrs. Thos. Coutts & Co. to
the amount, as appears by their go eg of £583 8s. 6d. for his support &
expences; & soon after his return Seeeg! was pleased to order the sum of
£300 to be paid to him, which money Mr. A n, his Majesties Botanical oe
received from the hands of Mr. Ramus, densa, ae, his Majesties first
Be Mr. Masson, who gave a receipt for it as having recd. it pn

In ee course of i Voyage Mr. Masson collected & sent home a profusion
of Plants, unknown till that time to Sd Bo tanical Gardens in Europe, a full
account of which vil appear in Mr, Ai Rrra of the Plants in the ye

came ck Garden at Kew, which is early ready for publication; by means of
these Kew G

me c
48 Trianon, Paris, Upsala, é&c., till lately vyed with each other for pseu ise,
out admitting even a competition n from any English Garden.

asson, having by these means ingratiated himself with all those who

actions, express’d the most ardent desire of bein again employ’d in the like
researches, Accordingly Sr. John Pringle again ar ag his Majesty in ie
year 1776, who was graciously inate to consent to Mr. Masson’s again ain under.
the § an extensive Plan of operations; he was to visit Madeira,* the Canaries
Azores, bo the ov of the West Indian Islands, to penetrate, if possible,

* Smith’s ‘ Correspondence of Linngeus,’ ii,, 559,

116 : i FRANSIS MASSON.

s he undertook, & succeeded, at least as fully as before, in sending home
frou Mt Maderon Teneriff, & the Western pee Ay manner, the whole of their
produce, the greate st part of which prov'd new uropean botanists,

e mention is madé o fthese Plants, ried specimens of which he com-
municated to the late ramet Linneus, in a work published by his Son,
intitled c Seppe qoctten Plan

Whe

r. Masson arriv’d in era West Indian Islands, the war, then som
what aieaioed made i it necessary for him intirely to drop his plan of visiting the
Spanish Ma ich it was in vain for pply for a paspo: he

culty he found means to send home — - collected, parts of which were
ak lost by capture or waiting for
‘When the en attack’d Granada We on calla upon to bear arms in its
— eet a, & was taken Leap fighting in ‘the trenches
Hex terrible hurricane of Octr. 14, 1780, at St. Lucie, and lost
there all the Galledtinets at that ‘ime in his possession, & great part of his
Clothes and P. thes ai

Finding by fat al Seeraie that in time of war the purposes of his Mission
could not efetuall be led, he came to the resolution of returning, which
oi in Nove: oO her

I shall take up his expences of his last v. voyage upon the same plan as they
were settled by Sr. John Pringle for his voyage to the Cape.

Account of Expences and Salary from April, 1776, to April, 1782.
Bills et by him for his soy ~— the _FOveg®, by -
Co

1166 4 6

Salary thon April, 1776, ee six years 600 0 0
jesty was pleased to e him a Bank note in n advance at his

d pene hich dadrrets ae

ains due on acet. 0 vy

f Sal 550
Of which £193 5s. Od. was e expended it in as Paiiged | as appears by & list annexed.

Having thus brought Mr. Masson home from ten years employment in
Collecting plants for the Royal Botanick Garden at Kew, I cannot omit saying
that during that time he has prov’d himself sufficiently instructed in the ie
his dt ae for the purposes of his Mission, & indefatigable in the execution 0

ec confident that the famous scent to the Levant, made by Mon
Seales it by the order of Lewis XIV. at an immense expenee, did not produce
So great an addition of Plants to the Paris Gardens ag Mr. Masson’ 's Voyage bes
the Cape only = done to that of Kew
As able to judge, his Majesties appointment of Mr, Masson is t
be aconnted ently the few Royal bounties which have not been in any degree
—_
At present the ee - Europe making it necessary for Ships from all parts of
his Majesties domini 0 come home in Convoy, mre precludes the Idea % —
asson being Sneed with success in any part orld.
hould his Majesty be graciously pleas’d to consider his past services, & et
those he is likely to perform when a peace shall arrive, to appoint such p
is salary as to his Royal wisdom shall seem meet for his re stent
& that he having by ten years rn from improvem: of
Profession, & by being during all that time brie sa the Society of Men
Education, as well as cireumstanees mnt superior to his own in great measut?
pi

&

incapacitated from followi

Should his Majesty, be graciously vos bi ote er a Ravi? bac
Salary for his present seidlahaihee: annexing ei 5
e Royal B Garden, and to order in 6 ite maar ‘oon as ‘hale con.

cern’d in the management of it can find a proper opportunity, I am confident
t such his royal bounty whine conciliate the gratitude of all who

ee

* On this voyage or he collected at St talent hi
have no date attached to one

‘FRANCIS MASSON. 117

Science of eRe their study throughout prope, & more especially those who

gdom, I may say under his Majesties particular Auspices and pro-
tection, follow that most engaging occu pation of glorifying the Creator by
orks.

observing and pointing out the wonders of his wo
J. BANKS.
Expences on a Voyage through the Madeira, Canary, Azores, and West Indian
Islands, by order of his Bos
From Shere 5th panne 1776, to May 31st, 1777 .. . % -. £242 15 3
From 4 of May. 1 ai, to Jany. lst, 1778 .. ps oi Seed ae * aie
e Can
From Jany- Ist 178, to 4 ia 1778 es o6cny pea * | BE gM
to M:
From Orhan: 1778, to Mas. 1779, snelading my peswage to the Wt.
dies, amounting to 30 Guinea 118 15 6
656 2 3
Expended on my own account .. as ot a Ge de. Ore.
3

600 4
In the Wt. Indies.

August, 1779, at Grenada, a bill of £75 i ce? ; Bbc 1050@
Novr., 1779, at An ntigua, a bill of 30 0 0
» CBIR 0. at Fge Frapinaliite St. Christopher, and Nevis, Bills
1380 0 0
October, 1 1780. a St. Lucie, do. . BERG OL LS SOl SOGE SEs Geog
March, 1781, at Jamaica, do. ‘ és vs wd oe 00 0
On leaving re dose: s ky ie a rs ge. AOR 0. 0D
Passage hom prin cetera ene hs né5.,40,.0 9
591-0 0
Expended at Jamaica on my own account .. ee A e.2o2605<0. 0
541 0 0
Salary from April, 1776, to April, 1782, at £100 p. An .. 600 0 0
Received from pi 3 Majesty at m 2 departure from m Bngland £50 0 0
For my own use at Madeira 55 15 0} 155 15 0
” Jamaica 50 0-0
Remains due Pee ea"), ged as 444 5 0
erammrmapenar TS NE Ho annaENRAETES
Money expended on Passages. @ p
s. d.
From En ngland to Madeira Ghe Aigie am bores og OS SREB OD
From Madeira to Azores . ve ve is a" ae Se Se
Among the Azores ae i : 5 : ao Be Oe
Fro: ira to Thene : : : 40 0
From Theneriff back to Madeira oe) PA. BED
E Madeira to Barba 7 ‘ F - Vira 10
From Barbadoes to Gren Set BA DED
From Grenada Eustatia . e. é et i £4: 0
From St. Eustatia to Anti be ¥ O28
Antigua to St. Christopher ‘ “ i és remedemy «sea * te
ot St. Christopher to St. Luci : ‘ i etki
St. Lucia to Nevis é a 3.006
From Nevis to Jamaica ws . ye ia é ee
Tom Jamaica to — as rae oe Be 40 0 0
193 5 0

118 FRANCIS MASSON.

S was successful in his application, as the following note
Sees succeeds the memorandum in the Banksian correspondence)

To Soho Square,
Lord Brudenell. Novr. 29, 82.
My Lord,
Mr. Mass whom his Majesties Bounty through your Lordships
mediation has rendered effectually happy, oe received an invitation a
gentle * possessed of an ample Botanick di assist in
a g en is plants, fp unwilling to remain idle Masson
went to Po in 1783, while by prosecuting that business he may have an
opportunity of enriching his Majesties botan d exchanges fr
thence, Hu equests his Majesties permission to under the Voyage,
on Condition, that, is absence whic present intends
continue only a few months, ay frome era should have occasion for his services

in any other line, he will, eceiving = gg thereoff, instantly return to
such place as his Majesties onto shall direc
J. BANKS.

which is sok Coie in Phil, Trans., lxviii., 601 He also Be
specimens to the younger Linneus, who acknowledges his indebted-
ss to Masson fm all t Canarian plants described in ‘ ple-

SU, Bones. Echium candicans, E. giganteum, E., strictum,
Senbeis ‘echinatus, ats psbtes Carlina a and other
riking

onden
dated fespedti ely Feb. 4, May 27, and Dec. 12, 1777. We have
also in the Department of "Botany a list of the plants sent home by
Masson in July, 1776. They contain nothing of importance, except
some of the details as to his movements, which have been already

* This was no cre the merchant with whom Masson had corresponded
bes? in Madeira, and to whom he refers (¢ ior oe of Linneus,’ ii. 564)
le Visme, a sieht Se in Lisbo n, Who has a fine botanic garden, an is

sat ear ininetie de of plants.” He is commemorated by the genus Vismia
unb i

t ia, Thunb. .°; . . riam Francisci Masson, PeregrinatoribUs
Botanici in Americ e ia Can in h sari
p Although Thunberg is here quoted as the authority for the genus;

0;
this is its first publication. Thunberg had no doubt named the plant in MS.;
on, in Frain ae it to Linneus in 1775, — that “Mr. Thunberg had
a great desire of giving [it] the name of Masson Seay Due ees I have
declined rceiving that honour from m any Pg authority than the great inne”
alee of Linnieus,’

8 plant named by Linn fil i a scilloides, referred .

Entre Gentine maritima by Aiton (Hor. Kew. i. 323) of which we do ©
pos cimens ; ; Smith Fl. Greca, iii. 32) apewintet S03 oe

‘ :
Mag. ii. 27 ),—and there seems little doubt, from a a comparison of baw
Azorean specimens with a type- -specimen from Woods, that they are correct iD
placing it,—Sweet’s name must of course stand.

FRANCIS MASSON. 119

given in Banks’ Memorandum. His West Indian collections, as
represented in Herb. Mus. Brit., are ciiparsesty small—a fact
which is explained ve Banks’ reference to their destruction i the
hurricane of Oct. 14, 1780.

Permission having been granted for his visit to Portugal,
Masson went there in 1788. He soon found opportunities of
indulging his hove tay for work and travel. During this year he

Portugal, i including Gibraltar, St. Roque , Algarbis, 3 d Cadiz ;
list of these is in the British Museum Berber eragiorwr also the
specimens are preserved. Another list, also nevomnpanied by speci-

oO
oO

Africa, sending to Banks plants from Sallee and Tangier
returned to Portugal, and went thence to Madeira, returning home
in 1785.* At the end of this year he again set out for the
Cape, which he reached on the 10th of January, 1786. On his

arrival, however, he found difficulties in the way of proceeding on
his travels into the saieeet and at once wrote to Banks the
following letter :—

Cape a — Hope,
y. 21, 1786.

T have the pleasure - et eae you of my arrival at this place on
the tenth inst., atte a passage of twelve weeks. Next day I waited on the
Governor, and delivered the lette hg be the Du pe Embassador; he treated me

the most friendly hospitable sense, but was at a loss how to act respecting

have liberty to explore un , the le ssador
and the small distance from t ap tioned in my instructions, after layin
it before the Council, he ert: poe ee warranted to grant the request, which
€ did in the genteelest t, friendly manner, advising me at the same time how to
conduct myself as not to excite sss: jealousy of the inhabitants, which was raised
to a great degree on account of Mr. Patterson. Mr. Brant came up from False

Bay, and exerted his influence. Colonel Gordon is in the back country, and is
expected home in a month. I have collected about sixty sorts of seeds, which
will b be sent by Mr. Irvin, passenger in a Dane, who will touch at some port in
the Cha * am This I send by an Hanoverian officer, passenger in a french ship
or :

can express the Je rome I am under to Sir Archibald Campbell and
all the | entlomen of the E. Talbot, who gave me assurance of a good reception in
India} had@ I not succeeded at the Ca
I ta y assistance you gave me at my departure. hall
remember the w bean sorry to inform you miei . is raised from thi sey nit
Dollars to Santen: mid every other article in proporti
Iam, Sir

Your most humble Servt.,
FRANS. MASSON.

So depressed was Masson by the obstacles thrown in his way,
that he was anxious to be allowed to proceed to India. The fol-

* ‘Annals of Botany,’ ii. 592. The short account of Masson there published
was furnished by “Mr. Aiton, ne extracted the dates from the books of the
[Kew] garden, and from some brief notices registered, at the desire of the

ased, on the frame surrow me his portrait.” This portrait, an oil painting
me George facesria is now in the possession of Mr. William Lee, of Gunnersbury,
s Lee, i Redosesint :

120 3 “FRANGIS MASSON.

lowing extract from a letter from George Forster to Banks, dated
Jan. 30, 1786, bears upon the subject, and is interesting as throwing
further light upon the foregoing, and showing the estimation in
which Masson was held :—

Mr. Masson will have written you that the Dutch Government have permitted
him to remain at the Cape; tho’ it wo seem that his Residence here is by no
ters ade an ill

ans generally approved of. They say that Mr. Pat n n se of
the Liberty th given him, and an ungenerous return of the great kindness
that was shewn ; aving accom d Mr. Johnston in the capacity of a

d at such conduct was dishonourable, and wholly d atory to the
Character he was received in amongst i , whose worth and excellence
here is no need aring Testimony of to y s desirous of going to In

talents or Profession, and where, particularly in Bengal, there is an am
harvest of natural Curiosities to be reaped.

ould you therefore procure Masson’s Mission to that Country, a benefit
would be entailed on the State and Natural History, and a service rendered to
an honest man.

This plan, however, fell through, and Masson remained at the

Cape. The following letter, written shortly after the preceding,
shows that he had settled down to work :—

Cape of Good Hope,
8th March, 1786.

ir, ‘
About the 8 or 9 of last month I wrote you per favour of Mr. Irwin,
passenger on board a Danish Indiaman, who was also good enough to, take

my collection by Sir Thomas Milne, who is passenger in a Portuguese Ship
bound to Lisbon. The parcel contains 117 species; a Catalogue of both parcels
is enclosed.
I am, Sir,
Your most obedient
humble Servant,
FRANS. MASSON.

FRANCIS MASSON. 121

The Plants hoe have sent home have succeeded so much better
any you sent home hen Jat! was last at the Cape that we ue every

_ I hope that og bedi this time you have taken a tod pickets haga: as I
oct at False bay; the most rare plants to be met with European
ms are “tron that place, & you know that one rare 5 déveribed Plant is
eikar ah nondescripts.

I intended about this time to have asked leave of his Majesty to —_ you t
Belay Bay; but, finding from your letter to Mr. Aiton that you had an aver, dis 2

to the place, I have made interest that another person should “A sent t a

In a postscript he mentions bawing received letters from i
while writing the above, and adds:

These letters mention your having tae ap 2 long Journeys, br
Surprised me, as your instructions are very abs saa on that fbi bate What
recommend is a fixed residence during the ri ‘ate season at any place bra
plants are abundant; ;_ but more especially that my directions Seiko to False
Bay be complied with; & till you have exhausted that place and Hart Bay,
which I expect will a prov rich, I trust you will remain quiet; afterwards you
may propose excursi

Masson Hegre at the ones until 1795, regularly sending home
plants to Kew, as we may trace in the ‘ Hort us Kewensis,’ ed. ii.,
where, under the potas Pslaryonivn alone, we Studs ecies introduced
by him each year from 1788 to 1795 inclusive ; no fewer than 47 out
of the 102 iain enumerated owed their introduction to Masson.

h d once more to Eagland, taking up his
residence at fen singteic > cotaeetind ” as he tells us in the Dedi-
cation of his ‘ Stapeliss Nove,’ which he published in the course of the
following year—‘ to leave the Cape of Good Hope, ig nel should
lose, in an expected invasion, the Collection of living Plants Emm
during ten steal sarap there.’ He goes on to EK “Twa
dulged, on my re with your Majesty’s gracious permission “46
remain a yea; Pinan ine. Unwilling to waste so much time in idleness,
T resolved to seats this vacation somewhat profitable ss the science

of his anxiety “to recommence [his] employm poe as :.5 rere nade
till enjoying, though in the sheen tif life, a reasonable shar

of health and vigour, I am now ready to heey ‘a ats part of the
Sa your Majesty’s commands shall direct me. Many ar

; ee was appointed to explore such parts of North
rica, r the British Government, as appeared likely to
Pebance aie: mo valuable plants.*

* I quote this 8 passage from a short memoir of Masson, published as one of &
too ee series on Pipe 2 al SS oases in the ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle’ for 1881
fear. Fah al r. John Smith, the veteran ex-curator of the Royal Gardens,

rs

drome Pp 791— F
r + asoa). p. 568; William Ker (+ 1814), p. 570; David

alin (hi 1789), p. 967; Christopher Smith, p. 267; George Barclay, xvii. 305.

122 FRANCIS MASSON.

The information which I have been able to obtain as to the last
eight years of Masson’s life is derived fr e ‘* garden plant
w, of which nine are preserved in the Director's
office: to these the authorities have kindly allowed me access.
n arrived at New York at the end of 1797, and wrote
thence to Aiton on Jan. 1, 1798, giving an account of the troubles
e

so to New York. After some stay here, Masson went to Niagara, where
he arrived about the beginning of July, having taken the route by
the Mohawk River and Wood Oreek to Oswego, and then coasting
al h a i om Ni to

h
Niagara, subsequently reaching Montreal, whence he wrote to
Banks the letter, dated Oct. 18, from which these particulars are ex-
tracted. Subsequent letters from Montreal, dated May 14, Oct. 17,

: ap 8, sprung up under his steps,
and it seemed probable that much practical knowledge was likely

The bulk of Masson’s dried plants is in the British Museum.
Some of his Cape plants are in the Delessert Herbarium, according

* I have to thank Mr. John Smith, the ex Curator, for putti n the
e te : ’ - , putting me on
track of this information. The following extract from his letter to me will, I

think, be read with interest :—*With regard to Masson’s correspondence with
ton, it, and correspondence of iton, as als his
father, were destroyed by his brother, John Aiton, as also the list books, except

: ame :

range in date from 17 93 to 1847, that for 1825 to 1836 being wanting. There

in the Herbarium Library part of the MS. of the « Hortus Kewensis, as well 4
0 :

t Rees’ Cyclopedia,

FRANCIS MASSON. 128

to Laségue,* having been acquired by Delessert e the sale o
Lambert’s Herbarium; and a few are in the Linnean Her eecaea
From Laségue (p. 328) we also onen that there ake specimens
from Masson i in the herbarium of James Donn, which was acquired
by Lindley ; Lindley’s plants are now at Cam bri idge. He sent spe-
cimens as ea as seeds to Aiton; his Proteacee were given by Aiton
to Robert Brown, and are now in Herb. Mus. Brit. Brown says—
““T am indebted to the friendship of Mr. Aiton, who sent me his
whole genet ene Baie) eae as containing many of the
original specimens of Mr. Masson” (Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 46); and
one species at least, oe Aiton, was dow to brave only from
Masson’s specim n Herb. Aito
* What little abuts he left, ” says Smith, ‘fell into the
hands of two of his nephews, and consisted chiefly of the Journals
of his various travels, drawings, and rae of dried plants or
other natural productions. Some of these relics have been pur-
chased by the present ie Lee, of Hammersmith, a worthy friend
t see

as good enough to show me some epee Howardaisen
dated 1771- on the work ef his aunt, Miss Ann Lee,} and also
exquisite original drawing by Redouté of C ampanula et
the history of which he gave me. Redouté was in England m
drawings for publication from a valuable collection of butterflies i in
the possession of his father, who ente rtained the artist at his
house while the work was in progress. When it was finished,

brough } ury Bell, fro
drawing and Scant it to Mr. Lee. It is a beautiful example of
his work. The present Mr. James Lee has also an oil-portrait of
his grandfather, painted by George Garrard.
mith’s notice ends with the following summary of Masson’s
life and work :—

We cannot conclude better than in Mr. Lee’s own words, :—‘* Masson was of
a mild temper, persevering in his peared even to a great enthusiasm; of great
industry, which his specimens and drawings of fish, ieitinads, Gaekete plants, and
views of the countries he passed ‘hrvaghy evince. And though he passed a
solitary life, in countries distant sao society, his love of natural history never
forsook him. Characters like him seem for the present dwindling in the world,
but I trust they will revive. If a se Retcti of his memoranda would be acceptable
to the world, there is matter obi to carry it to a great extent

I hope to give in the next ‘ Journal’ some notes on Masson’s
drawings. .

* Mus. Bot. Delessert, 75, 302, 504.

t See also Bot. Mag. t.1088.

i We re in the De eparement of Botany a volume of very beautiful drawings
of anthemums executed by this lady.

124

SHORT NOTES.

Evcenia micropuytia Abel. — In my paper on Chinese Oaks

I have unearthed two of Abel’s species, and the object of

this note i _ to rescue ee ered description of another species

from the limbo of his “ Narr: eee, algo Abel

(Narr. of Journey in Interior of China, p- 864). ‘E. foliis obovatis

basi attenuatis subtus 8 punctatis ebsetitis terminalibus folio longi-
oribus. - Frutex

erticillata, mm
ramis adultis a breve petiolata, in petiolo attenuata, supra
glabra nitida obsolete venosa, subtus punctata, punctis sparsis.
Pedunceuli terminales, trichotomi, multiflori, sparsim squamosi.
Bacee pisiformes, purpuree ad basin bracteis duabus $ squamiformi-
bus instructs, monosperma. Cotyledones plano-convexe.” The
plait § was gathered near Nan-gan-fou, at the most southerly point

of Kiang-si Province, close to the border of Kwang-tung, and is
further mentioned by pies on page 181:—“A a species of

eaten by our Chinese attendants.’ As in the case of the oaks, my
search for the type specimen of this plant has proved unsuccessful.
_ Judging, however, from the description given by Dr. Hance of his
E. pyxophylla (Journ. Bot. 1871, p. 6), it must be very closely
allied to Abel’s species, if the two are not ultimately found to be
identical. A plant, collected by Dr. apie near Kiu-kiang
( arn and partially described by Mr. S. Moore (Journ. Bot.
1875, p. 227) as poets a new species, may also prove to be
felaenbto here.—F. B. Fors

LL-SAP CRYSTALS Seats of the colouring material present

in the petals and he portions of plants are by no means
common, or, as a rule, easy to obtain. It may therefore interest
some to know, that the aah, violet-coloured cell-sap in the flower
of Justicia speciosa, a common and easily-grown stove-plant,
8 i btam

a eg treatment ; ; after a few hours the colourin ater

ollects into a few cells, in the form of the crystals bev
prereset forming a very pretty and interesting object for @
quarter-inch objective.—Grrznwoop Pim

oO T RECORDED IN ‘ Pevosasninad Borany. —

Caliha palustris, Ranunculus auricomus, R. Ficaria, Viola odorata,
Malva moschata, Geranium molle, G. Robertianum, Vicia Bobartit,
V. Bithynica var. angustifolia, Sazifr aga tridactylites, S. granulata,
Lonicera Periclymenum, Sherardia arvensis, Scabiosa pre Fi
germanica, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica serpyllifolia, V. officinalis

SHORT NOTES. 125

‘

Aspidium Aculeatum, Polypodium vulgare. The above additions to
the flora of Co. 42 were found within a mile or two of the town of
Brecon, by my daughter, who has also given me a list of other new
records from the same locality, but I wait till specimens are sent
before recording these. —ALFRED
Acrostis nigra With. iv Gamerrpcesaire.—tIn 1881 I gathered
two specimens of Agrostis, near Chatteris; one of these w

dly sent me typical examples, collected by Mr.
agnall in Warwickshire. The Rushbeach plant I re-
ferred, less doubtfully, to A. alba L., but this agrees exactly with
Mr. Bagnall’s specimens. Perhaps these trivial details may serve
to guide other field botanists to the discovery of new localities
for a plant which is likely widely spread, but passed over as one OF
other of our more common species. ALFRED Fryer.

Carex trinervis Degland, IN Enenanp.— With Mr. W. W.
Reeves I was looking over some duplicates from Norfolk, belonging
to Mr. H. G. Glasspoole, when I found among them four specl-
mens of a Carex that I at once saw was very near C. trinervis
of Degland, if not that plant. Careful examination since, of the
specimens, with others, from the west of France and the Hast

* which he ki

Dns Phen las oe ne ee

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Taz Annual Report of the Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club for
1882-83 contains a, Supplement to a List of Mosses of the North-
East of Ireland,’ by Mr. 8. A. Stewart.

126 _ ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

AurHoueH bearing date 1882, the seventh part, concluding
Vol. I. of Mr. R. D. Fitzgerald’s valuable work, ‘ Australian
Orchids,’ has only just reached us. It is prefaced by two useful

bium Smithia F. Muell., which Mr. Fitzgerald takes as the type
a new genus, Celandria. ‘In the true Dendrobium,” he says,

: ou
—D. dendrobioides. The figures exhibit the same abundance of
detail which has hitherto characterised them, and Mr. Fitzgerald’s
notes on fertilization are as usual of much interest.

New Booxs.—U. A. Pounsen & W. Tretease, ‘Botanical
Micro-Chemistry ’ (8vo., pp. xviii., 118: Boston, Cassino, 1 dol.).
—KEH. Srraspurerr, ‘ Die Controversen der indirecten Kerntheilung ?
(8vo, pp. 62, tt. 2; Bohn, Cohen).—Mme. Le Breton, ‘ Botanique
po us’ i .

d. 2, 8vo., , 586 '
_ Battxon, ‘ Dictionnaire de Botanique " (pt. xvi., Dich—Duorb).—

J. Jacat, ‘ Trapa natans und der Tribulus der Alten ” (4to, pp. 34,
t. 1: Zurich, Schmidt).

ARTICLES IN JoURNALS.

Botanical Gazette. — W. G. Farlow, ‘ Additions to Peronospore@
of United States.’

Bot. Centralblatt (Nos. 10-12). — A. F. W. Schimper, ‘ Ueber
Bau und Lebensweise der Epiphyten Westindiens.’—(No. 18). F.
Ludwig, Memoir of Hermann Miiller (portrait).

Botanische Zeitung (Feb. 29). — O. Loew, ‘Noch einmal iiber
das Protoplasma’ (concl.), — HK. Warming, ‘ Zur Geschichte der
Wurzelknotenbehaarung.’ — (Mar. 7, 14, 21). EH. Stahl, ‘ Zur
Biologie der Myxomyceten.’ — (Mar. 21). M. Schert, ‘Die
Wasserbewegung in Holze.’

s frangaises.’ — A. Lemaire, ‘Sur
lorigine des racines latérales chez les Dicotylédones.’—-L. Trabut,

‘ Sur lexistence de Pennisetum & un seul stigmate.’-—P. Ducharire,

Tieghem & L. Morot, ‘Sur lanomalie de structure de la tige —
Stylidium.’ — P. Van Tieghem, ‘Sur la situation de l’apparel

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 127

cote dans les Composées.’ — L. de la Chapelle, ‘ Lichens de
aute

Bulletin of Torrey Bot. Club (Feb.). — F. ow ‘ Freshwater
Alge ’ S plate ; poe new species).—J. B. Ellis & B. M. ie verhart,
‘New erican Fungi’ (Rhizoctonia monilformis, R. aurantiaca,
pee oa TMUs Sepcaas, Rhinotrichum sulfureum, Stilbospora Tami
Nidularia rubella, Peziza glenospora n.).

Flora (Feb. 1,21, Mar. 11) ——P. Blenk, ‘Ueber die durchsichtigen

unkte in den Blitt tien.’ — K. B. J. Fo mee Baraat” 3
Eibitstehnngen’ (contd.). ae 11, Mar. 1 F. Arnold, ‘ Die
Lichenen des frinkischen Jura.’ — Mar. d; it). P. Grassmann,
‘Die Septaldrii i Thre Nortandteing Entschung, und a
(2plates)—(Mar. 21). P.F. Reinsch, ‘Beobachtung von Bakterien
und ein oe Algen auf au Oberfliiche der Kuratenda
Geldmiin

ies, (Mar. 1). — Vanda insignis and var. Schrederiana, ic.
pict. — (Mar. 8). Sie bo coccinea, ic. pict. — (Mar. 15). —
ao Sea sb s (fig.) Nymphaea zanzibarensts, ic. pic
(Mar. pease Sanderiana, ic. ~

oe — W. Phi ips
sporium i cepha pied n. at fe. 4; — Obituary of Engelmann
(1820-1984). — (Mar. 29). Blechnum rugosum Moore, Doodia
arryana Moore, Masdevallia Mooreana Rehb. f., nn. spp.—Corynium
Beijerinckii (fig. 74).

Grevillea.—J. M. Crombie, ‘ Lichens in Withering’s Herbarium.’
—W. “ester ‘ Sirosiphon saxicola Neg.’ (from Ennerdale, Cum-
berland). — M. G. Cooke, ‘Notes on Hypocres acer.’ — Id., ‘New
Californian Fungi.’ —Id., ‘Exotic Fun.

Knowledge (Mar. 7, 21).—G. Allen, ‘The Integration of Flowers.’

Magyar Névénytani Lapok (Jan.). — G. Lega ‘The
thickening of cell-walls and the cellulin-granules in Vaucheria and
Chara,’ — (Feb.). Id., ‘On the continuity of Protoplasm pest
cell-walls and its occurrence in intercellular spac — V. Borbas
‘ Cortaphyum Haynaldianum, n. sp.’

and Naturalist. — W. Hillhouse, ‘On the Intercellular
Relations of Protoplasts.’——-J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshirer
(co : Borraginee—Primulacee).

Oesterr, Bot. Zeitschrift. -- W. Voss, ‘ Car] Zois’ (1756-1800):
meres Holuby, ‘Neue Brombeeren’ (Rubus co coriaceus, 0. sp., R.
fomentosus x Vestii). —D. Hire, ‘ rie Somos aus Croatien.’ —
E. Formanek, ‘ Teratologisches.’ urr, ‘Zur Flora von
Nordtirol.’ — L, Wiederm rmann, ‘ Flora ¥ von Rappolten Kirchen,’——_
V. V. Borbis, < Achsengebilde der Hagebunte.’ —J. B. Wiesbaur,

osniche Rosen.’ — J. A. Baumler, ‘ scan yon Pressburg.’—
p. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (contd.).

Science Monthly. — G. C. Chisholm, ‘ Lessons from Cision’

Plants’ ” (Solanum).

128

BOTANICAL NEWS.

Mr. Bryce merits and will no doubt receive the thanks of all
naturalists for the Bill which he is introducing into Parliament to
secure access to mountains and moorlands in Scotland. The Bill
should be supported in every possible way by Natural History
Societies throughout the country, so that some check may be put

‘upon the selfishness and churlishness of noble and other owners of

land in Scotland and elsewhere. The attempt to discredit the Bill
by harrowing descriptions of what might happen if it passed seems
to be based on an assumption that the Highlands, for example, are
within easy access of the London “loafer.”

OBITUARY.

Joun Hurron Batrour was born at Edinburgh, Sept. 15, 1808.
Undecided as to his future during his student life, and including
divinity as well as science among the subjects of study, he at
length began to practise medicine in Edinburgh. With an early
developed love of science, he became, under the iufluence of Prot.
Graham, specially devoted to botany, and lectured on this science

Glasgow for Kew, Balfour was appointed his successor, and a fe
years later (in 1846), he succeeded Dr. Graham in Edinburgh

ies. In every country -
ddened. to hear of the death of ong
place at Edinburgh, on the 11th °

-

ee

129

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.
By W. B. Groves, B.A.
(Puates 245 & 246.)

_ Tue following is, for the most part, the substance of a paper
which was read before the Birmingham Natural History and
Microscopical Society, Nov. 6th, 1883, giving an account of the
more important recent additions to the Fungus Flora of their
district. Unless otherwise mentioned, it will be understood that
all the localities are in the immediate neighbourhood of that town. -
. == Warwickshire; Ws. = Worcestershire; St. = Staffordshire.

wood, which it was difficult to distinguish from A. mappa Batsch.
N ations,’ pl. 70,

tetain a rosy tint
RALY eshul
(Wk.), September. The contrast between the pure-white gills and

A. TA. (M.) Gatopus, var. CAND:
White. Lady Wood, Four Oaks (Wk.), September. Milk abundant
*A. (M.) leucogalus Cooke. — New Park, Middleton (WK.),
October 7th. In the paper which I read I introduced this to the
irmi ecies ; and in the December num-
ber of * Grevillea’ (xii. 41) I find it described under the name given
above. The sulcate, purple-black pileus, white milk, and cinereous
gills easily distinguish it. I noted at the same time its external

s . E -?p- 298.—
Amongst the Lickey Hills Ws.), in a little swampy patch, with —
the type; plane b Bes ‘Midland Naturalist,’ vi. 209. My
Journat or Borany,—Vow, 22, [May, 1884.] &

130 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.

of the veil; gills decurrent. The type form has also occurred at
Coleshill Pool, and in Sutton Park (Wk.).
7A. (Panaotus) fimicola Fr. Hym, Eur. p. 812. — I have found
a fungus at Sutton (Wk.), and in the Warley Woods (Ws. ), agreeing
with Fries’s deuition of this species, except that the narrow
dark-brown zone on the margin disappears when the pileus is quite
dry, although it Liter for a long time after the rest of the pileus
has assumed its normal pale clay- soln as eone and October.
* Rusoula punzys Cooke, Grevill. x — Sutton Park (Wk.),
November. Remarkable for its pur “is "taleas. its firm purple-
clouded stem, at. its yellow- sckiavebats gills. Mr. BH. Bagnall
ssome aia the same sa a few days previously at Socal
entinus cochleatus Fr. Hym. Eur. p. 484. — New Park,
Middleton (Wk.), October. Agreeing exactly, excup that the
aniseed- ee a — t eta ” but the contr na a
. tPae IDES, Var. ALBO-MaRGINATA Phillips in litt.
Margine sliacamdidi aBattan (Wk.), ona ssiciatrate log, Jan
Distinguished from the type by its beautifully-white radiate byasoid

argin.

*Uromyces Poe Raben.; een Pilze, i. p. 162. — Harborne
(Ws.), July; Salford Priors (South Wk.), August. On species of
Poa, near to places where (cidium Ficarie had grown in the
spring. rst instance the Ccidiwm was on Ranunculus
repens, in the second on R. Ficaria.

Bing Unaars (Rob. ) Desmaz. Ann. Se. Nat..Ser. 4, iv. 125
(1855). — is Schrétr. — P. Brachypodii Fekl. Sym mb. p. 60
(1869), — P. "Ba on Winter, Pilze i. 178 (1884). Uredo- ae —
Epitea Baryi B. . Ann. & Mag. N. H. 755 (1854). — Hppitea
corona Otth. (A861), — Lecythea Baryi Cooke, Handbk. p. 532
( re

weil! Journ. Bot. 18838, p. 274. — Sutton (We)

y (Wa.), 1 Paes y Barr (St.). To the apatina given (I. c:)

should he added that, towards the end of the season, the teleuto-

spores attack the stems also, where they form little clusters ©

pustules. I have also receiv ed the — species from Lurga?,
Ireland (Rev. H. W. Lett). (Tab. 245, f. 1).

*P, suaveolens Schroter; Winter, bliss p- 189 (1884). —
obtegens Tul. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1854); Fuck. Hone? p. es redo

spores only :—-Uredo suaveolens Pers. Obs. Mye. i. p- 1799);
ae? p- 221 (1801). — Trichobasis suaveolens Lev. a eas. andb-
30. Spermogones :—Spheronema Cirsii Las

e uredo is only a stage of a Puccinia, the teleuto-spores *

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI. 181

which resemble those of P. compositarum. The odour is due to the
sperm

leaves of the same plant, | or on those Bee ing plants,
ele

spores ‘of the first generation. This is the sea. observed at
Edgbaston and Water Orton (Wk.), on Carduus arvensis. August
and September
5. Melampsora lini (Pers.). — Near Abergele, North Wales,
August. On Linwm catharticum. This is the teleuto- -spore of
Lecythea lini Lev.; Cooke, Handb. p- 532, of which only the
batty stage has been hitherto recorded in Britain, to my kn owdeaine
“Pustules roundish, elliptic or linear, often confluent, black-
brown, shining; spores oblong or wedge-shaped, brown, one-
-¢elled, intercellular, polygonal in transverse section, reaching 44
long, ote about 18 » broad.” —Winter, Pilze 2.
* Peronospora dae Rabenh.—Harborne (Ws. ), August. On the
lower suirhies of the leaves of Bartsia Odontites. This species has

én only mentioned by name (Grev. v. p. 65), but not described
as a —— ge The following aeneeiRicai is drawn up
my specim

Geirwied: oie: a dense snow-white crust. Fertile stems re
late ; apex simple, subulate, or shortly once, twice,
dichotomous, a trifurcate ; branches few, votombiae.
divided similarly to the apex; ultimate ramuli nearly straight,
Subulate. Acrospores unequa al, broadly ovoid, ellipsoid or subglo-
ee 18-22 » x 14-18 4 ; apex ‘obtusely papillate. (Tab. 245, f. 2).

ee :

- Pilobolus edipust Montagne, Mém la Soc. Linn. de
Lyon, cum icon We mans, Mon. du Genre Pil
p. 59, pl. 1, figs. 1-20 (1861); ~— _Srmb. p. 78 (1869); Van

egh. Nouv. Rech. sur les Muc. p. 48 (1875); Saccardo, Mich
ii. 872 (1881); i igumnaes Etude sur ss Muce. pp , pl. 2, figs
1-10 Senda i ce inus Cohn, a des Pil. phonies with

oa. and thickish; swelling ovoid; basal reservoir
roundish, usually above the matrix. Spores yellow, spherical,
ga bgp rene 10°5-14°5 », with a distinct thick bluish pe sts
w and pig’s dung, Sutton (Wk.), December to Februar
(T a oe g's dung (Wk.), y
7. Pilo ie Kleinii Van Tieghem, Trois. Mém. Fogg les ae
PP. 26-7, pl. 10, figs. 6-10 (1878) ; are a p. 48, pl. 2,
14-5 (1882). —’p, cerystallinus Klein, l.c., p. 860, pl. 28-7 Aer,
Brefeld, Bot. Unt. iv. p. 70, pl. 4, fic. 15 ‘(isst), et mult. aliorum
(nec Tode et Coemans). — P. roridus Ou urrey, Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot.
1. pp. 162-7, pl. 2, figs. 1-10 (1857).
Stem rather slender ; swelling ovoid. Spores oval, orange, not

t Not Edipus; but adjectival, = swoln-footed.

- 182 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.

eas when uae =e gat ig epispore, averaging
8 pw. w and horse dung, Sutton; Water Orton (Wk.);
Haron Clent ‘(Ws de aie Without doukt frequently recorded
a. crystallinus or P. roridus, from both of which it differs.
September to March. (Tab. 245, f. 4).
+P. Kiemn, forma sp HEROSPORA, mihi.—Sporis irregularibus,
ut aes sphericis granulosis.—Van Tiegh. Trois. Mém. p. 26.

sometimes allintic. yarn and reels: in the same sporange ;
mostly with numerous granules, without conspicuous epispore,
orange or yellow, varying greatly in size, when round averaging

16 This usually appears first in a culture of P. Kleint,
and gradually passes into the normal form; but I have sometimes
known it persist for a week or two without doing so.
figure, compared with the description of Pyenopodium (I. ¢., v. 18);
evidently represents a badly-nourished state of this, and not of
P. edipus; and this form is also Bor salen’ s crystallinus, and i
edipus of Klein & Brefeld. (Tab. 245, f. 5).

PILAIRA Van Trane (1875).}

Mucorine. Sporange like that of Pilobolus, but not projected.
Cuticle of upper part of sporange thick, indurated. Stem without
a age at the summit, and with no acter at the as

fia a sm: n omens elo scapes
sporange ; columella flatly convex. Spores oval, singly colourless,
faintly yellowish in mass, equal, 8-10 » x 6 » (Van Tieg!

Bainier), 18-16 ~ x 10 « (Coemans), 75 « x 4 p§ (Broféld),
11-12% x 7p (mihi). (Tab. 245, f. 6). .

mend Mucor, Edgbaston; December, January. Stem
8-10 cm. high; sporange about 0-16 mm. diam. Resembling
Mucor Huae, but easily distinguished by its Pilobolus-like
sporange. Brefeld appears to have confused this and the following
ae inextricably toge ether

10. +Prara piwprara sp. n te See EES —e olim, ‘ Midl.
Nat.’ vi. 119). — Pilobolus anomalits Brefeld, p

{ wiAos, a hat; aipw, I raise.
§ Brefeld says in the text, “006 mm, broad,” but his figure is 4 4 broad.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI, 133

- P. stipite curto, gracili, equali, apice denique nutante; spor-
angio primo flavido, dein nigro; columella leviter colorata,
convexa, prope equatorem vesicule apicalis regis . —
physin magnam hyalinam prebente, ubi adest in fun

constrictio profundula; sporis hyalinis, dlussime ayslid, elliptieo-
oblongis, 12-14 » x 5-6. (Tab. 245, f. 7).

On dog’s dung, eae ‘Quinton (Wa), March, April. Stem
3-1 mm. high, Arai the sporange becomes black ; afterwards
increasing to 8-4 m Sporange 0:10-0:12 mm. diam. Dis-
tinguished from P. : Casati not only by its much smaller size, but
also by its peculiar apophysis, _—. is almost as large as
sporange, but slightly less in diameter, and not granular.
the name. It can scarcely be a badly- noutiahed fori of P. Cesatii,
as it grew luxuriantly on a fide substr

brownish ; sporangium globose, glabrous, silk wht ite, then black

our Oaks
Mycena tpealorioniita — bass, and leucogala). Stem reaching
6-7 m re, always swollen below. Sporange about 0-25
mm. “Pages Tab. 245, . 8).
This species is usually confounded with M. fusiger Link.
Spinellus Jase Van Tiegh.),} from which it differs mainly in the
wing points:—In M. maecrocar ~ the mycelium is usually
confined to the interior of the Agaric; in M. fusiger the mycelium,

obtuse. When viewed in the mass, the ramen nee in colour o
i ay is very decided: the number of spores in a spor angium

12. Sporodinia aaa Link, Spec. Plant. vi. 94 Sinae
Bonorden, Handb. p. 125, fig. Ea ety? De Base, we
P. 218, pl. 80, figs. 1, 2 (1864); Van Tiegh. Nouy. Rech. p 58,
Pl. I, heh 40-2 (1875) ; Saccando, Mich. i. 551 (1879) ; cata

} See, e. ee se he sae Gouin? Oct. 1883, io. “135, ‘whiiels on p. 279 is stated to
be the spo f M. fusiger, but is evidently drawn from a specimen
iacrocarpus. ys: fusiger Cooke, Handb, p. 631, is the true species.

. 184 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.

l.c., pp. 59-61, pl. 4, figs. 1-5 (1882). — 8. dichotoma (?). — Mucor
Aspergillus Scop. Fl. Carn. No. 1642 (fide Zimmermann), (1772);
(?) Pers. Syn. ~§ 200 (1801); Zimmermann, 1. ¢., p. 50, figs. 26-8
(1871). — (?) Aspergillus maximus Link ; Berk. Eng. Fl. p. 340

(1836). — Nematogonium simplex Bonord., l. c., 116, fig 186
(1851). —- Mucor dichotomus Brefeld, Bot. Unters. iv. pp.
pl. 6, figs. 23-5

1881).

Stems erect eptieeienl crowded, brownish, 5-6 times dicho-
tomous above; branches short, diverging at an obtuse “— lying
in planes alternately at right angles to one another, at length
septate as well as the stem. Ultimate ramuli swollen, fusiform,
terminated by a globular, evanescent, en sin eli sporange, beneath
which is a small apophysis ; colum ella Spores roundish,

unequal, granular, with a smooth decease auisbaes 20-35 » (Van
armel 11-40 » (De Bary). averaging 12% (Zimmermann). (Tab.
24

Coleshill Pool (Wk.), on Cortinarius; September. It seem
somewhat doubtful whether S. dichotoma is really distinet
(Icon. i. 284); its sporangia are obovate, and the spores are
described as hyaline or colourless ; if these differences prove to be
constant, the species may well be separated. Saccardo, /.c., unites
them. Nematogoniwm simplex Bon. is undoubtedly S. grandis Link,
although Fuckel (Symb. p. 74) refers it to S. dichotoma. Mucor
Aspergillus Pers. (1. ¢.) sca more ati to be S. dichotoma.

‘CHZETOSTYLUM Van Treeu. (1878).}

orine. Stem erect, sporangiferous, bearing below pseudo-
verticils of branches, which may be again similarly branched.
Ultimate sear terminating in a sporangiole, intermediate ones IN
a subulate point. Sporangioles 2 to many-spored.

138. thane Freseniti Van Tiegh. Rech. sur les Muc. pp-
72-5, pl. 28, figs. 61-8 (1878); Bainier, l.c., pp. 89-92, pl. vil.
(1882). — Mucor Mucedo Fresenius, p- ie: , Beitr. zur Myk. iii. pp. 96-7

(1863); Zimmermann, l.c., figs. 5-6 3 (1871).—(?) Bulbothamnidium
elegans Klein, Mykol. Mittheil” (1870). Parad We Pah chatocladioi
et T. — Brefeld, Bot. unt iv. p. 58, a ne Chil

# (mihi).
aon plant) is eiadias from + to 4 inch high, the lower
part ae with numerous false whorls of branches, whic
usually bear about their middle, on a bulbous swelling, secon
branches, each terminating in a sporangiole. Occasionally the

air; ordAos, a pillar. Named from its mixed resemblance to
BELG a Helicost tylum.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI. 135

branches are of a third or even fourth order; the higher the order,
the smaller and fewer-spored the sporangioles ; ; they may even be
edited to one spore.

On dog’s dung, Malvern (Ws.), April.

CHAITOCLADIUM Fres. (1863).}

Mucorine. Fertile hyphe repeatedly branched; each node pro-
ducing a whorl of from two to five branchlets, the central one
abortive and terminating in a subulate point, the others branched
again in a-similar manner. Sporangia in terminal or subterminal

rou
The type of this genus is C. Jonesii Fres. Beitr. iii. 98 (1863).—
Botrytis Jonesii Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 760 eee Pe ie Handbk.

(

Berkeley’s error of seencoues these spe sph as
conidia, a mistake easily detected on comparison of Chetocladium
—" the variously 1-4-spored sporangia of Thamnidiwm and Cheto-
stylu

14. Chetocladium Brofeldés Van Tieghem, Rech. sur les Mue.
pp. 86-92, pl. 28, figs. 71-9 (1878); Bainier, 1. c., pp. 98-100,
ab 1X. — 1-4 (1882). —C. Jonesii Brefeld, . Unt. i. Pp. 29-40,

e.
On a filament of Thamnidium. Edgbaston are, December.
My plant ee exactly with Bainier’s es (Tab. 245, f. 10).
ccording to Van een ® experiments (/. c., p. 91), the
parasitism of this plant is what | calls “ heals ive," 4. es, it can

her Mucorine, deriving nourishment there and growl
with greater robustness under such circumstances Brefeld oe
rans the myenepares ¢ of this species (I. ¢., pe The Bags

PIPTOCEPHALIS Dz Bary & Wor. (1866).

Mue Fertile hyphe erect, at length coloured, Racarceon td
Selowsuba, above, alternate pairs of branches in in planes at right
angles to one another. Ultimate ramuli terminated ty a& convex

head, bearing on the upper surface numerous cylindrical sporangia,
the contents of each of which resolve themselves into a chain of
Spores, by simultaneously formed septa.

The spores of this genus, too, have been regarded as conidia,
but this appears to be as much a mistake as in Chetocladium. The
Sporangial membrane is very evanescent. Piptocephalis is parasitic
upon Mucor, but whether the parasitism is facultative or necessary
8 undecided. The colouring matter of the aérial hyphe i
Se

t marr long hair; xAddos, a branch.

136 REMARKS ON SOME ENDOPHYTIC ALG.

in narrow longitudinal bands, which impart a striated aspect to the
filaments.

15. Piptocephalis Freseniana De Bary & Wor.; Fresenius, Bot.
Zeit. p. 154 (1864); De Bary & itr. ii

; e Mon. Rech. sur
pp- 110-1 (1882); Sachs, Text-book of Bot., Eng. ed. ii. p. 266,
fig. 175 (1882). |
ertile stems scattered, from 6 to 8 times dichotomous above,

Spores shortly cylindrical, 2-6-8-3 » broad (De Bary & Wor.),
1:8-2°3 « (Brefeld), 4-2 » broad (Bainie)r, 8-5-4 , broad (mihi);
about 6-7 u long (Brefeld says 8°3-5-1 «), but varying considerably.

On horse-dung, with Mucor. Edgbaston (Wk.), January. Stem
1-10th inch high, or higher, with about nine septa; a septum or
two at each fork of the dichotomy. The heads fall off easily with
the spores, from which circumstance the generic name is derived.

mw, I fall, xepaay, a head.) Brefeld discovered the zygospores

( b > ?
of this species (/.c., p. 48), (Tab. 245, f. 11)
(To be continued.)

REMARKS ON SOME ENDOPHYTIC ALG.
By Spencer Le M. Moors, F.L.S.
Tue announcement by Cohn in the first volume of his ‘ Beitrage
zur Biologie der Pflanzen,’ of the endophyte to which he gave the

name of Chlorochytrium Lemn@, aroused general interest. Not
very much more was done in this branch of botany until Georg

gin to
germinate in the sporange, growing out into oblong or elliptical =

REMARKS ON SOME ENDOPHYTIC ALGE. 187

bodies often narrowed in the middle, and usually containing a

vacuole, traces of starch, and some pale green plasma. I was at
first inclined to think that these zoospore-plantlings might pierce
the sporangium wall as the budding zygozoospore does the epidermis,

and penetrating into the surrounding tissue give origin to the species
called by Klebs C. pallidum, which he says is 6 ie f all
sections of Lemna trisulca. As, however, I hav seen the

perietration of the sporangium-wall, but Passi dead and
discoloured plantlings differing only in their form and thinner wall
from the ordinary rou = eo zoospores, this view is
probably incorrect; and I the more inclined to think so from
aving met with an eckas ism in the tissue of L. trisulea which
answers very ge to Klebs’ figure and rie Sec of C. pallidum,
and never shows any connection with C. Lemne he copulation
of the zoospores while still surrounded by the extruded gelatinous
envelope I can also confirm, having followed this towards the
latter part of September, at which time of year I found it to occur,
as is stated by Klebs, between 7 and 8 o’clock in the morning.
is copulation of zoospores from the same mother-cell is claimed
by Klebs as the simplest sexual process in ae vegetable kingdom.
¢ well-known observations of Dodel-Por eomngre pose s ‘ Jahr-
bucher fiir Wissenschaftliche Botanik,’ x., p. 417), on Ulothria
zonata, led him to the conclusion that the sexual bourne is reached
by pes eomoceparss which either copulate with others or, copu-

repr
double capacity indicates the propriety of Dodel- -Port’s view.

ese uncopulat ted zoospor aa the p ant,
the ‘ Botanische Ceamaa? for 1875 (p. 117), Kny announced
the discovery of a new Chlorochytrium in the tissue of Ceratophyllum
demersu sum. This was at length described by Kirchner, in the
yrptogamen-Flora von Schlesien,’ under the name of C. Knyanum.
Kish finds = this species sg also in Anacharis and in Lemna
minor and gibba. It differs from C. Lemne in having no cellulose
knob attached to the Gpiecocansians and in the asexuality, so far
as ascertained, of its zoospores. I am happy to be able to add this
Species to the ras — of the — having met with it in the
Lemnas, though not in great abundan
Another form arched by Klebs,. pe found also by me in a
pond between Mottingham and Bromley, is Scotinosphera paradoxa,
&% guest of Lemna trisulea and of a species of Hypnum. If the
round thick-walled resting-spore of this type be placed dry in
water at any time from the end of May to the middle of June,
ges begin in it after twenty-four hours. Its green plasma breaks
up into a number of gonidial portions, which coalesce into larger —

188 PTILOPTERIS, NOVUM POLYPODIACEARUM GENUS.

bodies, and ultimately form one large green mass lying in the
sporange, surrounded by a red granular matter applied to its inner
all. The central mass ian dissolves, and by a series of prt

the crn wR asexual z -esearehiag are formed : meanwhile the red
1 nished from the granular investment. his in-
te shakin pela eae is s accomplished in the course of twenty-

similarly granule-lined sporangia, whose green plasma is in various
stages of division correspending best with Klebs’ figures 59¢ and
59g. During the whole period of observation the contents of these
sporangia have remained without the slightest apparent alteration ;
there is een to suppose, therefore, that their naar ment has
been arrested by oe. conditions. The granul
of the sporangia is a very striking feature of this “2 cies. Form
omega to Klebs’ two lar. genera Phyllobium and Endosphera I
e not ne succeeded in finding.
€ s some interesting remarks on the classification
of Gian organisms. He speaks of their — to Synchytrium
—a similarity pointed out by Cohn in his original memoir—but

u
its place is next to Hydrodictyee, a conclusion few, if any, will feel
disposed to challenge; still, the inseparation . the peas oe" -brood

of each mother-cell of the latter group places a certai
between the two. >i en which will probably | prove little more
than an epiphytic form of Chlorochytrium, is perhaps sae than

owing
much resemblance to the endophytic type he calls Phyllobium
dimorphum, and which he thus considers to be a form of transition
between Siphonacee and Protococcacee.

PTILOPTERIS, NOVUM POLYPODIACEARUM GENUS.
Auctorge H. F. Hance.

Sorvs rotundatus, exindusiatus. terminalis in apice haud

incrassato nervi singuli. Petiolus hike continuus. Filices

cespitose, foliis pinnatisectis, paleis cystopteroideis predite,
Japonie et Sine incole,

FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY M. HUMBLOT. 189

Generis, meo sensu, admodum naturalis, a cunctis ——
veris (inclusis Phegopteridibus) sororum situ terminali optime
one — tantum hucusque mihi certe innotuerunt species:

has in

yeS 1. Pt. pone cekii, sp. nov,—Cwspitosa, foliis tenuiter coriaceis
in sicco oliva ay cisions petiolo ik gps sordide stramineo
paleis pattie. inact pallidis hinc inde tecto lamina 8-pollicari
lanceolat ata preter segmentum srastot infimum 24 pol-
licare iterum pinnatisectum simpliciter pinnatisecta ae
numerosis approximatis patenti-divergenti 5 ongis

m versus tantum dentata superiore auriculata trapezio-ovata
ovato-lobulata lobulis setaceo-mucronatis postico nunc subdistincto
nervis seme] furcatis, soris ad rami antici apicem sitis margini
potius quam costule excentrice approximatis

In dorso montium juxta Tam-sui, ins. Formose, alt. 3500 rx
d. 11. Dec. 1881, rarissimam invenit am. W. Hancock. (Herb
propr. n. 22229).

2. Pt. Maximowiezii (= Polypodium Baker !)

In monte Kund-sho- Bir Japonie (Maximowicz n. 176.

Hecce, inter alia, eximie differt foliorum, apice radicantium,
forma, segmentorum omnium simplicium, defiexorum, forma atque
incisura, sorisque ee

Pace ho mi

noratissimi Baker, me es nil habet commune cum
Aspidio repente Mett., nec cum mga huic intime affinibus
Vera affinitas Phagaptetidle obscure Fée, Ph. caudate Fée, alia-

Ph FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY
. HUMBLOT.

By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.

Tue following is a list of the ferns contained in the set which
we have received of a fine collection of plants pee lately in the
north-east of Madagascar by Mons. L. Humblot. o not know
the exact Beer nee limits: within which they were obtained, but

naked on the Salus beneath. Pinne ah be a em reaching
@ length of 14-2 ft. and a breadth of 7-8 in. Pinnules lanceolate,

ince this was written we have received the ferns gathered by the late
stag coatices He Dr. Hildebrandt, which have been determined by Dr. Kuhn.
This collection includes about seventy species, a few of which are novelties.

140 ’ FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY M. HUMBLOT.

patent, distinctly petioled, 4-43 in. long, 3-2 in. broad, acuminate,
subdeltoid at the base, distinctly serrulate towards the tip, sub-
entire or obscurely crenate below. Veins close, distinct, rather
ascending, mostly 2-3-furcate from the base or near it. Sori
costular, subcontiguous. Indusium large, brown, glabrous, mode-
rately firm in texture, breaking up irregularly. A very distinct
novelty, in cutting and texture most resembling the well-known
Alsophila Tenitis of Brazil.

295. C. canaliculata Willd.

299 (34*). C. ligulata, n. sp.—Frond ample, bipinnate, mode-
rately firm in texture, green and glabrous on both sides of the

3 in. broad, entirely or distinctly crenate. Sori crowded, costular.
with a regular truncate

262 (34*). C. hirsuta, n. sp.—Frond ample, bipinnate, mode-
hairy but not

narrow
close, mostly forked at or near the base. Sori crowded, fillmg up
the whole surface of the fertile segments. Indusium membranous,
fragile, breaking up irregularly. A near ally of the well-know2
Mauritian C. excelsa Sw.

560. Hymenophyllum ciliatum Sw.

280, 451. Trichomanes rigidum Sw.—Two different varieties.

412. Dicksonia Henriette Baker.

808. Davallia calobodon Mett.—This I incline to place as ®
variety of the Asiatic D. strigosa Sw.

29 data §

261. D. mauritiana Hook.—This I now incline to look upon 48
a variety of D. elegans Sw.

285. D. Goudotiana Kunze.

430 (70*). D. (Srenotoma) odontolabia, n. sp.—Forms a dense
mass with the habit of a Hymenophyllum. Rhizome filiform, wide-

-

FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY M. HUMBLOT. 141 ~

. Seenine, with only a few minute ferruginous hair-like pales. Stipe
eaching 1 in. 2 Ena; castaneous, quite naked. Lamina San

isi, 14-8 in. long, 4-4 in. broad, green, glabrous, almost

branous in ag pinata thr oughout, narrowed gra a ed

the stipe or cut down a filiform midrib in the lower half.

primary segments very short, HaRees erecto-patent, 1-veined ;

lower deltoid, $-+ in. broad at the tip, with 2-4 dichotomous veins.

quadrate valves. A very distinct species, most resembling in habit
the American i ap inemes aspleniotdes.

259 (71*). D. (Opoxronoma) decomposita, n. sp. — Stipes
tufted, naked, fragile, castaneous, 3-4 in. long. Lamina deltoid,

decompound, 4—6 in. Pie By dark green, ange paagresige firm

3-3 lin. broad, lax, erecto-patent, narrowed gra adually from the tip
to the base. Indusium terminal, of two short membranous et
ee green valves. A near ally of the Brasilian D. bifida
f

495 (18*) spree lentophyila, n. Sp. yee slender,
Wide-creeping, epigeous, castaneous, with only a few small linear
brown pales. Stipes distant. rigid, fragile, aeons. naked, nearly
black, 6-8 in. long. Lamina lanceolate, 1 ft. lo ong, 2-8 in. broad,
bright green, membranous, glabrous, similar in fexiure and veining
to the ean fronded Adianta, as A. trapeziforme A. macro-
phyllum. Pinnze subquadrate, laxly disposed, ahorily petioled,
dimidiate and entire on the posterior and inner margins, deeply
irregularly Tohed on the ‘ons others, the ane truncate or lengthened
out, the final lobes rounded, 1-12th to 1-8th in. broad. Veining
distinct, flabellate, free. Indusium of eis equal narrow mem-
ranous spreading glabrous valves. A most distinct and handsome
hovelty, in habit most recalling Adiantum caudatum, but the pinne
most like the final segments of A. trapeziforme in shape and size.
812. Pellea hastata Link.
263. Lonchitis madagascariensis Hook.
occidentalis Baker. — An interesting addition to the
Madagascar flora, as before it was known gs on the west side of
e African continent, in Angola and Guine
- Pteris phanerophlebia ‘Baker. —This, aick was first gathered
ahs long ago by Curtis, has now been found both by Humblot and

266, P. quadriaurita Retz.
274, Ceratopteris thalictroides bins

529. Lomaria attenuata Wi ar. gigant
807 (8*). L. simillima, n p—Rootatook ‘thick, woody, wide-
Scandent. Stipes of both Wade 8 1008 wit th 1 a few a

f Car palee. Barren
oot long, 5-6 in. broad, moderately firm i , green
glabrous on both surfaces. Pinne iad tage Tupoilae entire,

142 FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY M. HUMBLOT.

minate, adnate by a broad base, 4— in. broad, the central ones
the longest ( (3-84 in.), the lowest reduced to 1- 1} in. Veins fine,
sede oe ee patent. Fertile nee sets linear,

oblong or — lobes, growing gradually smaller towards
its base. Fertile frond ert nly a few very minute distant pinne

(3-4 in. long), the central nee linear, 1-14 in. long.

257, 442 (25*). L. xiphophylla, n. sp. SRG tstock and basal
pale not seen. Barren lamina oblong-deltoid, moderately firm in
texture, green and glabrous on both surfaces, 15- weg . long,

-10 in. broad, with a naked rachis, simply pinn “Pinne
lceadhate: entire, acuminate, 2 in. broad, the upper poset broadly
adnate, the lower ayes tn from the middle to the base, —
with a rounded base. Veins fine, yee oe ascending.
of the fertile Feces linear, 5-6 in. lon A near ally of the
American L. acuta Desv. (L. asia Koni):

548. L. biformis Baker.

817. Asplenium Poolit Baker.

314. A. oligophyllum Kaulf.

. 818. A. faleatum Lam.
7. A. macrophyllum Sw.

&S
~~
pe ha pa be
3
if
:
5
<

balks tum Lam.
at; 288, 289, 320, 822, all forms of A. affine Sw., and 276 my
var. tanalense, which is A. simillimum Kuhn, whils t his A. viel-
Metta is what I have regarded as a dareoid form of this species.

. A. decussatum

296. Nephrodium subbiauritum Hook.

272. N. (Lasrrea) ochrorachis, n. sp.—Stipes densely tufted,
slender, fragile, stramineous, 6-7 in. Laie. elothed throughout wit.

§ in
the rachis into adnate obtuse so rather ascending e entire :
nanecaes E — sopees % in. broad ; lower pinne deflexed, n0

A me a y of N. praistaleeke and chron.

5 (158%). N. TREA) Magnum, N. sp. —Fronds ample,
deltoid, tripinnate, moderately firm in texture, green and glabrous
on both surfaces; rachis of the pinne and pinnules minutely
paleaceous; palew linear-subulate. Pinne oblong-lanceolate,

FERNS COLLECTED IN MADAGASCAR BY M. HUMBLOT. 143

reaching a length of 15-18 in., 6-7 in. broad. Pinnules lanceolate,
3-1 in. broad ; tertiary segments adnate, lanceolate, 4 in. broad,
obtuse, inciso-patent, with contiguous erecto-patent oblong lobes.
Veins simple in the upper, forked in the lower 4-nary lobes. Sori
medial on the veins, one opposite each final lobe, 15-20 to each
fully-developed tertiary segment. Indusium glabrous, eprom
firm and persistent. Allied to N. effuswm and N. Boivin
81. N. truncatum Presl.

309 (218*) NV. (Sagenia) Lawrenceanum (Moore in Gard. Chron.,
n.s., vol. xv. (1881), p. 8, under Sagenia).—A very fine plant,
introduced lately into cultivation sisough Mears igen’ & Co., of
St. Alb It comes midway between N. Pica and N. macro-
phyllum, and has a black shining rachis and stipe, large deeply
pinnatifi lower pinne above a foot long, large sori in regular rows
parallel with the main veins and copious distinct areole, with
shai daat | tia included veinlets.

N. cicutarium Baker.

279. Didymochlena lunulata Desv.

277. Nephrolepis acuta Presl.

525. Oleandra articulata Cay

447 (297*). Polypodium (Puymaroprs) inconspicuum, n.
—Rhizome thread-like, wide- ane: hypog sous. Frond linen,
simple, coriaceous, glabrous, naked, 13-2 in. long, 4-4 in. broad,
narrowed gradually into a short stipe, obtuse. Veins a eal

uite hidden in thick substance of the frond. Sori Lets distant,
superficial, parallel with the midrib and margin, not more than
5-6 on each side of the midrib. Allied to P. subecostatum and
accedens.

841. P. Ct ley! i ciate Bean &

666. P. Phymatodes L. or a ally.—Like a new species, but
our specimen is ai ste aaah ey be sure about

273, 306. Vittaria elongata Sw.

291. V. lineata Sw.

269. V. scolopendrina Thwai

515, pas Antrophyum coriaceum n Wa ll.

268. A. Boryanum Kaulf.

810. Tanitis niphoboloides Luerssen.—This very curious species
was previously only known by a specimen in the Rutenberg
began = Per

iS)
pee

8 (19%). Acrostichum (Etapnoeiossum) subsessile, n. sp.
Ba eh ie! thick, woody, short- -creeping ; ; its pales aig Se
late, membranous. Barren lamina lanceolate, entire, 14-2 ft. long,

2-21 in. broad at the middle, natal gradually to the base and
apex, nearly sessile, moderately firm in texture, green and naked
n both surfaces. Veins fine, close, indistinct, es Fertile
frond oblanceolate, eres under 1 ft. long, under 1 n. broad, nar-
rowed gradually from the middle to a on 3-4 in as dole A near
As peer Sw. :
A, latifolium Sw.
297. A, spathulatum Bory.
286, 528. A. sorbifolium L.

144 MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS.

. A. punctulatum Sw

300 (122*). A. (Cunysoprex) Humblotii, n. sp.—Rootstock and

fertile frond not seen. Sterile lamina oblong-deltoid, ae pin-
ate, 15-18 in. long, 8-9 in. ‘laa sr ald into a flagelliform

rooting tip, moderately firm in texture, green and naked on both
surfaces, the rachis ane quite naked. Pinne 6-8-jugate, entire,
panceiarge'y scouts 1-14 in. broad, the upper adnate and d
current at the base, the lower free but sessile ; uy lower eae
subequal. "Aled to A, punctulatum and Blumea

395. A. aureum L.

293. A. spicatum L.

654. Osmunda regalis L. var.

169. Lygodium lgecolaten Desv.

271. Schizea dichotoma Sw.

546. Angiopteris Pots "Hoff.

333. Ophioglossum pendulum L.

311. Lycopodium Phlegmaria L.

290. L. gnidioides L.

389. L. carolinianum L.

304. premade laevigata Baker.

487. S. fissidentoides Spring.

350. Salvinia hastata Desy. = Baron, 1569. *

MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS.
By James ere F.L.S.*

British Museum ; and, as they aoe some points of interest,
propose to give some account of t + t0
In his preface to ‘ Stapeliex ese ‘Masson ow leaves!
be inferred that he himself drew the figures. He says:—‘* 1 MY

ee

* See p, 123,

MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS. 145

various journeys through the deserts I have collected about forty, and
these I humbly present to the lovers of Botany. The figures were
in their native climate, and though they have little to bined

which he adds to none of the other eae most of which
were founded on plants grown in his garden at the Cape—: and
S. Gordoni (tab. 40), which i is not endorsed by Banks, but bears on
its front the name ‘« Webber” in Dryander’s hand: another figure,
apparently of some undescribed Apocynaceous plant, bears a note
by Dryander—<‘‘ Webber, copied from a drawing of Captain
Gordon’s at the Cape of Good Hope.’’* Captain (or, as he is Fait
styled, Colonel) Gordon is referred to by Masson in his ‘preface as
having ‘‘discovered some very remarkable species Of the
: Stapelia, to which his name was assigned, Masson says, ‘« Hane
unicam speciem Stapelie nec vidi nec examinavi; exemplar, ex quo
delineatio concinnata est, acceptum refero favori Dni. n.
The published figure differs in colouring from the drawing, the
— containing no t dteeiees of the purple hue senzued to the
in the former.+
The esas : Orchids, from which the figures enquired for by
Mr. N. E. Brown (Gard. Chron., Feb. 9th, 1884, p. 184) were taken,
are all in the collection. Plate vi. in ‘ Journ. Science and Arts,’ iv.
le) contains figures of Disa grandiflora, D. spathulata and Bartho-
inia Burmanniana, and is interesting as an early OE of litho-

ulti

@ expense or the labour of engraving, there can be little doubt
but that it will in a short time be much more generally adopted in
this country... .. Mr. Moser, who has just set up two presses
for some time employed at several of the most

Cpgebwes lithographic establishments on the Continent.” In
the same Journal are descriptions and figures, ‘‘ derived

m the same source as those of the others ” of Disa porrecta,
Disperis capensis, and D. secunda; in vol. vi., of Disa graminifolia
(Herschel celestis Ldl.), Disperis villosa, . cucullata, Cor, yorum
bicolor, and Pterygodiwm catholicum; in vol. vili., of Satyrium
bracteatum, Pterygodium alatum, and Coryctum orobanchoides ; and in

§ copy is ae shoe a plate (lettered ‘ Pentandra Monogynia’) facin
p. ia. ae Paterson’s ‘ Narr of four Journeys into the country of th “Hae
— (1789), and the care was ged doubt pre epared from Gordon's origisal draw-
8. Set travelled into the interior in 1774, and ont with Paterson) in
Wirt Our drawing of S. Gordoni is probably also a copy.
Ti should Lives thought it impossible that Bot. a t. 6228, could have been
Shy appa to represent Masson’s plant; but Mr. N. E. Brown assures me that

igs or Borany.—Vou. 22. ([May, 1884.] L

146 MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS.

vol. ix., of Pterygodium volucris and P. inversum. On all these <—

ings, save the last two, is a note in Robert Brown’s hand, ‘returned _

April 11, 1820,” the words ‘‘by Mr. Ker’ being added in two in-
stances. This last fact is of some interest, inasmuch as, although
the series of papers which these plates illustrate is correctly attri-
buted to Ker, his name does not appear in connection with any one
of them, while in the Royal Society’s ‘Catalogue of Scientific
Papers’ they are assigned to Masson. the Orch

have been seen by Prof. Reichenbach, and bear names in his hand-
writing i

which he queries as S. striatum Thunb. A list of them was given
by Lindley in Bot. Reg. (tt. 700-703), who says “ The original
drawings are in Mr. Brown’s library.”’ Py
There are several drawings of Iridace@, mostly species of Morea,
four of which were reproduced by Ker in the ‘ Botanical Magazine,’
and have been named by him. These are Morea angusta (Bot.
Mag., t. 1276), M. crispa (Id., t. 1284), M. spicata (Id., t. 1283), and
Aristea melaleuca (Id., t. 1277); Ker (or Gawler, as he then was)
acknowledges his indebtedness to Sir J oseph Banks ‘for his very
liberal permission to copy the original drawings” of these plants |
(Id., t. 1276). The last-named plant is of special interest, as it is
the type of Salisbury’s genus Cleanthe (Trans. Hort. Soe. i. 312), a
genus retained by the authors of the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ who say
of it: “ Species 1, Africe australis incole, a nobis non visa. Thunb.
Diss. Morea t. 1 (Morea melaleuca). Bot. Mag. t. 1277 (Aristea).
Genus non nisi ex his iconibus et descriptionibus notum, dubium

remanet.’” Masson’s specimens, however, exist in the British

undulata
The drawings of four species of Mesembryanthars tan 1%

of interest. O ut st of these—as indeed of nearly all
the plants figured—we have Masson specimens in the British
Museum. In ey’s ‘ Flora Cupensis’ and elsewhere the nam

with nineteen other species, in a paper ‘ Descriptiones Mesem-
bryanthemorum’ appended to vol. viii. of the ‘Nova Acta
Ephemerides.’ This volume is dated 1791; but in Aiton’s ‘ Hortus
Kewensis’ (1789) we find the same plants, one, M. ciliatwm, bearing
the same specific name; the other, M. digitiforme Thunb., called
nd . digitatum. A reference to the Solander manuscripts shows that
F —s

MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS. 147 ©

_ posely modified by him : it is, however, quite clear that Solander’s
' name was the earliest published, and the species must ee
stand as M. digitatum Ait., M. digitiforme Thunb. ranking as
synonym. The Species is said by Harvey to be ‘‘ now wanting in
Herb. Thunb.”’; and, from its absence from Herb. Brit. Mus., and
the fact that Solander’s MS. description was copied from Thunberg,
I suppose that Masson himself did not preserve dried specimens of
i The species does not seem to have been since met with, and
no figure has been published, so that the drawing, bearing as 1t.
does noe ts name ‘‘ Mesembryanthemum digitiforme MSS.” in Solander’ 8
bade is — the type of the species, which is not in the Kew

M. iliaten Ait. (1789), Thunb. (1791) is remarkable for a
long deflex xed hairs which ciliate the bases of the leaf-sheaths ;

Thunberg’s specimens, and gives no other authority for its oceur-
rence at the Cape. But in Herb. Brit. Mus. are three specimens

runs, ‘‘ Habitat in locis depressis infra bockland berg et in Haud-
tom ad Prom : ossibly, however, the specimens are
really from the same locality, as Thunberg and Masson mad

“The g drawings are Monsonia lobata and M. speciosa,
both iitenitiroed * cultivation in this country by Masson ; Melasma
scabrum ; Calodendron capense ; othmannia capensis ; ae obanche
sanguinea ; Vahlia capensis ; Euphorbia meloformis ; Augea capensis ; t
Harveya capensis ; Ornithoglossum glaucum
With the above is a drawing, “sent from the Cape of Good
Hope by Mr. Brant, 1772,” of the remarkable Gethyllis undulata—
a plant which Herbert (Amaryllidacee, 186), who described it, says
was then “‘only known from Masson’s specimen” in Herb. Banks
—a statement which apparently still holds good, as the species is

* It would appear, however, from ‘ Hort. Kew.’ ii. 181, that Masson sent
nd et. to Kew: its record runs, “ Cape of Good Hope. Mr. F. Masson.
t sligtion, so far as I can ascertain, have pea published of this interesting
Plant, which Solander named and described in his MSS. as Piotes teretifolia.
are (Fl. Cap. i. 355) ‘says of the generic name ‘‘ unexplained by Thunberg,”

d gives no explanation of it. commemorates Andrew Auge, a Ca
or contemporary with Thunberg and Masson, whose plants are, as pre-
viously stated, in Herb. Mus. Brit unberg gives the following account of

plures annos vitam heic transegit et jussu Gubernatoris Tulb
itinera ad interiora ra regionis loca, plantas colligendi caussa, instituit. Ex ejus
iteratis collectionibus ditati fuerunt Horti botanici foederati Belgii, imprimis
Ro ensis et serge es. non rir oe maxime e Burmanni,

yeni, Linnei, Bergié-« iorum.”—Fl. Cap., 3

148 “ MASSON’S DRAWINGS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS.

not represented in the Kew Herbarium. Herbert rie: it from
leaves only, but Brant’s figure shows the fruit. Solander, in his
MSS., wrote a very full description of the plant under the name
of Gethyllis polyanthera—a name also appended to the drawing;
e, however, subsequently identified it with G. ciliaris Thunb.
Masson’s fragmen ntary spesimnens of the latter plants are na
for comparison ; but Solander appears to have had a living speci-
men from which to aw up his description, which contains copious
details which neither Masson’s specimens nor Brant’s drawing
could have supplied. So little is known of the plant that it seems
worth while to print Solander’s account of it, which, it must
remembered, was written of his polyanthera (undulata Herb.) before
the identification of this with ciliaris had been made.
patha radicalis, monophylla, ovata, acuminata, uniflora, ger-
men involvens. Corolla monopetala, alba, hypocrateriformis. Tubus
; Saat : b

spatio vix semiunciali ab ore cavus, dein sonsolida tia, sed forsitan
nectare glutinoso exsiccato). Limbus sexpartitus : lacinia oblonge,

acute, patentes, sesquiunci ales. Filamenta sex, ore tubi ad basin
laciniarum corolle insert, subulata, plana, brevia, re qn

tubo connatus esse. Stigma simplex. Bacca cylindraceo-clavata,
crassitie digiti, basi attenuata ibique crassa, tres vel quatuor uncias
longa, lutea, trilocularis, epidermide tenui membranaceo pollae®
&; @ seminibus maculato-punctata; pu ot viscosa, lute
Semin numerosa, subrotunda, parum compressa, magnitu tndine
ernie sinapios mino oris. Obs. Fructus ab ironies colligitur ob
orem tem.’
here are two or three other drawings of Cape plants which
were aati with those above described, but they are by a differ ent
artist, and there is nothing to connect them with Masson, One of
these is the figure of Aponogeton distachyon, reproduced in Bot. Mag-s
t. 1293; in the letterpress of t. 1292 (Galaxia renee Ker says,
“ For the drawing of the present plant, as well as of Melanthiwn
psig gta ot 3 Aponogeton distachyon, we are obliged to the ore
of Sir Josep h Banks, for whose library the original draw
were made.” I do not, however, find the originals of either “the
Galaxia or the iibntidin
It will, I think, be clear from the foregoing account that t, while

Lee, of Hiniitiebenntite whose Massonian collection, as I
my former paper on Masson, cannot now ae found.

149

SHORT NOTES.

ee oowns Puants.—In continuation of Mr. Fryer’s list

ung il
made by the late Mr. P. Fernie :—Myosurus minimus L.
Buckden, E. at L.—Helleborus fetidus L. Between Diddington

odge and w BE. F. L.—Nasturtium siifolium Reich. Between.
Stirtloe and ‘ued, E. F. L.—Seleranthus annuus L. Below

tirtloe, W. R. L. mists anium pyrenaicum Bur Lane between
Brampton and R. Ouse, W. R. L.—Trifolium ‘beatae L. Com-
mon on bat waysides abo Stirtloe and towards Brampton Wood,
KE. F. L.—Alchemilla vulgaris L. Molesworth, N. B. Y.—Rubus

. —R. Radula Weihe. Common about Buckden and towards
Grafiham, W.R. L.—Rosa tomentosa 8m. Near Diddington phere
.R. L.—R. rubiginosa L. Buckden and Diddington, W. R. L
R. canina v. tomentella. By Diddington Wood, W. R. L. sigeyalld
tmetoria L. Honey Hill, Tilbrook, Neo. 13s -ord Overstone’s

only
rotundifolia L. Dite seh Gide St. Neot’s; common, W. , a iS
pactis sate Auct. Honey Hill, N. B. Y.—W. BR. Lantos.

ooatities For Rare Mosses.—Tortula Vahliit. Cherry-
Sion, Cambridge (1882). Only recorded hitherto twice in England
and once in Ireland.—Ceratodon conicus Lindb. Dalwhinnie, In-
Verness (1883). In fruit; only recorded hitherto, in the barren
state, once from Newhaven and once from Ireland.—Catharinea
angustata Brid. Wickham ishiogt, Essex (1884); barren. Th
only records are Hurstpierpoint and Doune.— Campylopus atro-
’ virens var. falcatus Braithw.—Loch Coruisk, Skye (1883) ; barren.
The only locality given by Dr. Braithwaite is Connemara.—Didy-
modon cylindricus Schimp. Kintail, Ross (1883). In fruit; this is,
believe, very rare in fruit.—Fissidens exilis Hedw. Great Hough-
ton, Northamptonshire (1884).—Zyyedon viridissimus Brid. Great
Houghton, Northamptonshire (1884). In fru it.—Tortula latifolia
Bruch. kham Bishops, Essex (1884). In fruit. — Neckera
complanata Schimp. Woods, Yardley Chase, Northamptonshire
(1884). In fruit.—The first five have been submitted to Dr. Braith-
Waite, who kindly named them for me.—H. N. Dixon.

Centaurea Jacea Lu. 1x East Sussex. —Nearly twenty years ago
_ I met with the true C. Jacea growing in a meadow near the rectory
_ at this place Shotiorad but supposed it only a strange —— of
0. nigra simulating C. Jacea. In 1876 I again met wi plant
growing in another meadow near the former station, and aah a

s

150 SHORT NOTES.

specimen to Mr. F. C. 8. Roper, who, on acknowledging the receipt —
of the specimen, told me he considered it true C. Jacea, and, on
forwarding a piece to Mr. W. B. Hemsley, at Kew, he confirmed the
determination. Last year, on July 7th, I met with several plants

is extremely liable to be overlooked, for it is so like C. nigra that at
a short distance the radiant flowers would alone call attention to it. :
I may mention that the radiant form of C. nigra scarcely occurs
here. Besides this, all the plants that I have seen were little more
than a foot and a half in maeety ~~ ae scarcely showed among
the standing grass.-H. N. Bio

SPILUS GERMANICA Li. IN Sens —This tree has the appear-
ance of being truly indigenou r Hastings. It is found here
and there in woods and he dass, = higae latter being very different
from the ordinary quickset farm hedges. They are apparently the
trees and shrubs which were left as ere to the fields when
the original forest was cleared for cultivation. These hedges con-
sist of oak, birch, hazel, meergael maple, Fareteatn, &c., there being
very rarely any whitethorn o r any trace of a planted hedge. I

distributed Scorers his district. There are specimens in
orrer’ s he rbarium from 1 three different localities all near Hastings

ham, Susser, truly wild, Rev vies’’; and adds, “
wild stat the thorns disappear by ee though I have ae
them on “fobeig wild specimens, and Mr. Davies her em m

Sussex.’’ Our Medlars here are beset with thor r.

Jenner informs me that he is acquainted with Bee localities for
the ee two at Battle, one at Netherfield, and o:

bur nd adds, ‘All the bushes I have seen a pe nous
adie: are »diicalt tof to find —— in flower, and I have never searched

PoTaMOGETON NITENS IN WaLEs.—In Dawson Turner’s ‘ Corres-.
pondence of Dr. Richardson,’ pp. 287—246, is published ¢ a pie!

saw it I took it to be P. nitens, an ur Bennett, who has
seen the plant, confirms my opi A specimen from the samé
place is also in the Sherardian Collection. P. nitens is unre

r Wales; and these specimens show t was found there

* Nicholls had oer it was written in 1818; Dawson Turner supplied ;
the date as April 1, 1726, a date not far from the truth

SHORT NOTES. 161

to Dr. Richardson the letter (printed at pp. 252—264 - the work
“og giving many particulars of their journey, and enum

rating their principal soccvanes: many of these have the modern
names added as footnotes, but among those not identified is a
+a Potamogeton foliis oblongis, planis, inferne alternis, superne

was
runs out of a pond, near Esquire Baly’s.” This plant is contained
in the Dillenian Herbarium. The pon ndweed referred to at page
260 of Richardson’s ‘ Correspondence,’—‘‘ In a lake at the foot
of Gribgoch I found Potamogeton Lapathi minoris foliis pellucidis
D. Lhwyd,”’—as “ possibly P. gi 5S pet is only young

polygonifolius Pour.—G. C. Dru

PEzIzA SUMNERIA IN poo —This rare fungus has been found
ing in s abundance in the grounds of Manresa House,

arge cup of nearly two inches in diameter, the rim of which is

flush with the ground, the interior peat smooth and of the colour
of ordinary wax. When quite tian the cup ace out like a
Saucer, and there is a tendency to split at the The size
of the plant renders it very convenient for cutting inte sections, so
as to exhibit the sporidia in the asci which characterise the group
to which the Pezize belong. A demetets -inch objective shows them
perfectly well, in various stages of growth.—J. T. O’Gorm

Diatysis anp Synanroy in Prmuta.—The following terato-
logical facts are perhaps worth pcan ng. A polyanthus has been
received from Mrs. Pierce Butler, Hawkhurst, in which the flowers,

Ap
three og mare exhibiting synanthy ~ two flowers, each in a
different degree. The calyx is the same in all, the two som Nov

one on
she age becomes free above, while the edge of the other adheres
oe — leaf adheres by its edge below the inferior one.—

J uNcUS Geraror Lois. 1y Campripersmme.—In ee I yeni a
in ersham Park, Hunts, which I named J
Jacq., and a mile later in the same year, I found on Pri ee at at

152 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 1883.

Hunstanton, a similar Peers plant, but of net straggling ©

growth, which careful examination induced m refer to J.
’ Gerardi. These two sible % submitted to Mr. i. c. Wadi who

of the two Junci. Although the stand as two species in edit. 7 of
London Cat. B. P, I have still my own inclination to hold them
states or varieties of one single species. Stress has been laid on the

d growth of the inland compressus, as against the creeping

er

Watson sent me specimens of each of the itis: both of which
agree with my Somersham Park plant in their roundish, blunt,
abruptly-mucronate capsules; and the form from the ‘marshy

meadow ” 1er agrees in habit with a plant I gathered last
season at Welche’s Dam in a oa we on a p
formed by the overflow or ‘‘ wash” of the Old Bedford, down

e
which the drainage of Somersham ask pena and which pro-
bably brought the seeds from which the few plants sprang, from

ence. Now in these Welche’s Dam plants the flower-stems are
often produced quite singly, and the habit of growth is just a8
creeping as that of any plant I have seen on the muddy shore at
Hunstanton. Messrs. Arthur Bennett and W. H. Beeby, who
have kindly examined these for me, concur in calling them Juncus
compressus. All this goes to prove that we must not rely on habit
of growth to ie us i rig he the nals marsh from the inland
form ; but as yet I have found the shortly acuminate, strongly

nl the

mucronate capsule characteristic of Gerar di 0 nly in sea-side

agrees. This a which seems to grow only by 'g — .

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN bine IN BRITAIN
DURING 188
THE periodicals cited in this list are: ‘Botanical Magazine,
‘Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ — Plantarum,’ ‘Journal’ and ‘Trans-
actions’ of Linnean Society of Landen’ ‘Proceedings of Royal
ea Edinburgh.’

ve added in square brackets the publishers of certain ee

\

*

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED In 1883. 153

names which are cited from the ma farce tama or notes of those
o them l

whose names have been assigned e.g., Clerodendron
Lehuntei was so sided an in MS. b Mr riots: but a publication of
the name and description is due to Mr. Baker therefore print

it C. Lehuntei Horne [Baker.] New genera are Mager nr by a
_.. asterisk.
i Binet Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 254.
Id. 254.

npg Lyatin Baker. Id. 255.—A. Raputa Baker

*ACRIULUS GRIEGIFOoLIUS Ridley (Cyperacee Scleriex). Angola. Journ.
Linn. Soc. xx. 886. — A. mapacascarrensis Ridley. Madagas-
car.

AicuMEa Barter Baker. Honduras. Id. xx. 102.

sony Curnowianus Echb. f. Madagascar. Id. xix. 805.
RID Ace reser Rehb. f. Id. xx. 460. — A. tepmum Rchb.f.
esd. Id. xix.

ALRUA REVOLUTA en f. eee Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 92.

Aiscuynantuus aricipens Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 167.

Aiscuynomenr HeurcKeaNa Baka Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 130.—AL. Laxirtora Baker.
Acavuria potypnyiia Baker. Madagascar. Id. 194.
mes Fuacoipa Baker. Madagascar. Id. 284.—A. rosusta Baker.
235

Atcneminia pirurcata Hils. d Boj. ex Baker. Madagascar. Id. 187.
—A. scuizopHytia Baker. Id.
Atgcrra pepicutarroies Baker. Madagascar. Id. 214.
Attium Macteann Baker. Cabul. Bot. Mag. t. 6707.
Autor caprrata Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 272.—
. DELTOIDEOponTA Baker. 1d. 271. — A. macrocuapa Baker.
Id. 278. — A. onicorpHytta Baker. Id. 272. — A. sQquaRrosa

Baker. 97.
ANAGALLIS NUMMULARIFOLIA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
<x.

AnpRoPoGoN tricHozyeus Baker. “Madace sear. Id. 800.
*AN Aner ouigopHYLia Balf. f. (Apathanete). Socotra. Proc.
S. Edi . 89. ‘
Anerecum ee Rehb. f.. Madagascar. Gard. Chron. xix.
806.—A. mopestum Hook f. Madagascar. Bot. Mag. t. 6693.
Anisores piversirouius Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 88.

Soc. xx. 171.—A. raymorwEs Baker
Anruurium crasstrotium N. E£. Br. Columbia? Gard. Chron. xix. 10.
Armia Baroni Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc 188.
Arpisia grprynata Baker. Madagascar. Id. 201.—A. ‘FUSCOPILOSA

TEA ;
Id. 268.—A. Kirenmen Baker. Id. 269.
Anisrorocnta Sovauxn Oliv. Trop. Africa. Ic. Pl. 1410
a

Barberi AcULEATA Balf. f. Socot Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 85.
—B. arcrentea Balf. f. Id. 86. Bers teTRacaNTHA Balf. f. Id. 85.

154 | NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 18838.

Begonia crrcumuopata Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 208.—B. rim-
BRISTIPULA Hance. China. Id. 202.—B. teprosa Hance. China.
Id

* BEMBICIA ae Oliv. (Samydacese Homaliesr). Madagascar.
5 Sea od Be

Buepuaris spicunirouia Balf. f. gee Proc. R. S. Edinb. xii. 85.

Baa pictyoneura Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 169

BoLBoPHYLLUM PUNCTATUM Fite. China. Id. ‘205. —— B. r1eRrmpum
Hance. China. -Id. 232. :

Bomarrea Lenmanni Baker. Andes. Id. 38738.

Boucerosia socotrana Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 79.

Bovcuea Hanninetronn Oliv. E. Trop. Africa. Te. Pl, 1446

TA 4 Balt d. B. pepuncutata Balf. f. I
BRoMvs ARRHENATHEROIDES Baker. Madagas Journ. Linn. Soe.
Xe . — B. avenomwes Baker. Id. 802. — B. pissirirLorvs

Baker. Id. 801.
BryorHytLum crenATUM Baker. Madagascar. Id. 189
Buppiera axituaris Baker. Madagascar. Id. 206. — B. Fusca

BurMannia MADAGascaRiensis Baker. age BO Id. 268.
Canta Euistana Baker. Madagascar. Id. — C. PUBESCENS
Bojer ex Baker. Id.
CALANTHE ANCHORIFERA Rehb. J. Polynesia. Gard. Chron. xx. 166.
C. Cro Hort. Low. [Rehb. f.]. Mala att: Id. xix. 482.—
imma. IRd. 814

C. For
Canycosa te eet ne [Baker]. Fiji. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 364.
AMPTOLOMA viLLosA Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 84.
CampyLantuus spinosus Balf. f. Socotra.
*CaRDIOCHLAMYS MADAGASCARIENSIS Oliv. (Convolyulacee). Mada-
gascar. Ic. Pl. 1403.
Carex permupiana Hemsley. Bermudas. Journ. Bot. 260 (t. 289).
— C. emmnensis Baker. Madagascar. Id. 129 (t, 288). —
sPHEROGYNA Baker.
Carissa cRyPToPHLERIA Baker. oe Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 204. — C. pensirtora Bak
Cassmnopsis cmata Baker. Madagascar. Id. 1
CatTLEYA —* Rehb. f. ‘n. sp. aE ai “hybr, t?).. Gard.
Chron. xx. 492.—C. Scuroperiana RF.
Crutis Pasko Horne [Baker]. Fiji. To ae inn. Soc, xx- ae
oe socotranus Balf. f. Socotra. Bee kR. 8S. Edin
ii. 95.

tients paatecs Parxert Hook f. (not described). Madagascar.
inn. Soc. xx. 250.

C. TIA piscotor Baker. Madagascar. Id. 1

CuILocLoriis TRILABRA Fitzgerald. Australia. me Bot. 204.
Currira corrusiroLia Hance. China. Id. 824.—C. spurnea Hance.

Id. 168. — C. Jurim Hanee. ;
CutorornytuM pecirprens Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
275

xx. 275. :
CrmRHOPETALUM cLavicERUM Fitzgerald. Australia. Journ. Bot. 204. :

NEW PHANEROGAMS suatisnad In 1888. 155

Ciematis pissrcta Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. “
CieropENDRoN GaLEAtuM Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edin
ii. 91.—C. Gorpont Baker. Fii. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 0.
—C. uaxirtorum Baker. Madagascar. Id. 229.—C. LenunTE1

Horne [Baker]. Fiji. ‘ ey — (. tevcopnxzum Balf, f.
Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. — C. macrosrpHon Hook. f.
Zanzibar. Bot. Mag. t. 6695. mG. | Garcinia Baker. Mada-
gascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 280.—C. pyrirotium Baker. Id.
228.— C, RAMOSISSIMUM shes Id. suite ¥ RUBELLUM Baker. ICd
229.—C. TENUIFOLIUM er. at

Cierura Fasri Hance. Seagal, Bot.
*COCHLANTHUS SOCOTRANUS ae i (Ascipiades Periplocez). So-
cotra. Proc. R. 8. Edin

*CocKBURNIA socoTRANA Balf. 7 * Selagines)

*Catocarpum socorranum Balf. f. (Verbenacew). Id. 91.

oe cHLoropTERA Rchb. f. Philippines. Gard. Chron. xix.

— C. sparsa Rchb.f. Id. 805. — C. saLMonicoLoR Rehb. af

Sond a. Id. xx. 828. :

Convotvunus riuipes Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 82.
—C. onigopontus Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
212. — C. sarmentosus Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. Soc. Edinb.

83.

xii.
Corpia onovata Balf. f. Socotra. Id. 80.—C. oprusa sion Ee es

Corriciona psammMaTropHowwEs Baker. Madagascar. Jour

Soc. xx. 288.
CrassuLa NummMULARIm@FoLIA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 1
Crinum Firmirotium Baker. Madagascar. Id. 270 ren eae

Baker. Id. 270.
Croratarta orTHOCLADA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 124.— C. TENvIS

Bak
Saton ELEAGNOIDES Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 95,

Baker. Td, 253. —C. sarcocarpus Balf. f. Socotra. Proc.
R. §. Edinb. xii. 94. — C. socorranus Balf. f. Id. 95.— C.
suLcirructus Balf. f. Id. 94.

Cryprocarya crasstronia Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
Xx. 241.—C. peanpata Baker. Id.—C. myristicorwes Baker. Id.

Cussonta rraxintrou1a Baker. Madagascar. Id. 157. — C. mono-
PHYLLA Baker, Id. 155.— CO. myniuantua Baker, Id. 157.—C.
RAcEMosa Baker. Id. 156. — C. Vantsmana Baker. Id.

Cyarnuna spamrocerHana Baker. ee Id. 238

Cycas Beppomer Dyer. Trans. Linn.

Sea ossum cERNUUM Baker. Mitigassse Journ. Linn. Soe
211, — . — Baker. Id. 212. — C. monopHLEsIuM
Baker. Id..2
YMBIDIUM GOM ae Fitzgerald, Australia. Zz ourn. Bot. ge
Cynosorcuis GIBBosa ee, Madagascar. Jour n. Soc
331. — ©. cranpirtora Ridley. Id. 332.

CyPERUs ATROBRUNNEUS is Baber: Manitecanvae. Id. 281.—C. Baxenrt
Clarke. Mauritius. Id. 290.—C. Baxrourt Clarke. Bourbon.

156 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 1888.

Z = .—C. Baroni Clarke. Madagascar. Id.—C. ae

Clarke. Galega. Id. 285. — C. HnetERocuapus Bak
Madagascar Id. 292. — C. mmensus Clarke. Madaghsiea
Id. 2

C mM Curtisu Rehb. f. Sunda. Gard. Chron. xx. 8. —

YPRIPEDIU
Rossetenu Rchb.f. Philippines. Id. 684.—C. ronsum Rehb. r
Sunda. Id. 262.

CystorcHis NEBuLARUM Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 232.
*Cystostemon socoTranum Balf, f. (Borragines). Socotra. Proc.
R. S. Edinb. xii. 82.

Dats enipioines Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 244.

Danas BREvIFLORA Baker. distiajinbins. Id. 163. — D. Grrrarpi
Baker. Id. 160.—D. Hisprpa Baker. Id. 161.— D. ticustrt-
outa Baker, Id. 1 — D. microcarra Baker. I
pauciFLoRA Baker. Id. — D. pusescens Baker. Id. 164. —D
RHAMNIFOLIA Bake d. — D. rernata Baker. Id. 162. —D
4.

cIL
Denprosium antevore Rehb. f. Moluccas. Gard. Chron. xix. 656.

we on

— D. Horner Horne [S. Moore? Baker 2]. Fy.

Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 873. — D. potycarpum Rehb. f. Sunda.
x. 492.

Gard. Chron. x
Desmopium Monospermum Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 181. — D. rapiatum Baker. Id.

a ARBOREA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 147. —D. cor-
Ironia Baker. Id. 146. — D. optonerronia Baker. Id. 147.
eehion Hornui Hartog [Baker]. Fiji. :
Diietera Errusa Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. S. Edinb. xii. 89.—
Id.

Dassen 2 ruFA King. [Hook. Ii J. Tibet. Io: PI. 1487.
Dip B

YMOCARPUS DEMISSA Hance. ina. Journ. Bot. 166.

Dioscorea HETEROPopA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 271.-—— D. tanata Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb.
xii. 96. — D. rricantna Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn.
Soc. xx. 271.

DipcaDI HETEROCUSPE ene Bigs geword Id. 274.

*DisPoropsis FUSco-Picta EH. ce (Liliaces). China. ms ourn. Bot. 278.

Ee ae ANDERSONI (Asélopindan Marsdeniew). Himalaya.
c 142
DoticHoLosium Koons Horne [Baker]. a Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 360. — D. Macerecori Horne [Baker
pee de stile site Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
x. 10

reali aicas Schweinf. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 95.
Drona Cowann Ridley. ee Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 334.

custitopa N. FE. Br. §. Africa. Gard. Chron. xx. 230.

Ecuouium ae Balf. f. amet Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 89

EcuwacantHus Mapagascariensis Baker. Madagascar. Journ. 4
Soc. < 218, ;

*

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 157

Eoraptopsts srevirouia Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii.
.-— HK. vonusius Balf. f. ‘
*Hieagersia Buxirouia Hook f. (Nyctaginee Pisonie). St. Thomas,
W. Indies.- Ic. Pl. 1401.

(To be continued.)

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Flowers and Flower Lore. By the Rev. Hiprrtc Frrenp, F.L.S.
London: W..S. Sonnenschein & Co. 1884. 2 vols. 8vo.,
pp. xvi. 704. 1s.

_ Tas is a book which has long been looked forward to with
interest by folklorists and other students of popular mythology,
especially those who were acquainted with the author’s ‘ Glossary
6 .

has in consequence at once attained to a level very muc

that hitherto reached by works of the kind, which are usually mere
compilations, often carelessly executed and abounding in in-
accurate citations. ‘

Our notice must perforce be a short one ; and if we seem onl
to point out matters open to criticism, it must not be inferred that
the value of the book is in any way impugned. But we cannot
help feeling that Mr. Friend has been badly treated by his
publishers, who, by the insertion of a large number of cuts—
excellent in themselves, but quite out of place here—have spread

think, be responsible for the inconvenient plan of separating the
“critical and bibliographical notes” from the chapters to which
they belong.

There is an index to the illustrations, which is as unnecessary
as the illustrations themselves, and a very good “‘ index of names,”
after which come “additional corrections "—somewhat out of
Place, as they are not included in the index. The ‘ Brief Biblio-

158 _ NOTICES OF BOOKS.

genuine the purely arbitrary allotment of certain plants to certain
saints which we find in Hone’s ‘ Everyda k,’ Weale’s ‘ Flores
Keclesiz,’ and later writers; and he also quotes in full the spurious
antique by T. Forster which begins—
‘** The snowdrop in purest white arraie
First rears her head on Candlemas Daie.”*

It is to be regretted that so able a writer should lend his authority
to the propagation of these absurd dedications. Here and there
we come upon a puzzling slip, as when we read (p. 148), ‘“ The
Avens (Gewm urbanum), also called Wild Rye and Way Bennett”;
or that “the Marygold comes in at the Annunciation ” (p. 108);

Another irritating custom--which Mr. Friend, knowing how
desirable it is to be able to verify quotations, ought not to support

- . riter,”’ sha
learned writer,” “an old writer,” and the like; or placing them

h
us that the name of Passion Sunday “is indelibly impressed
upon the Passion-flower,” which is not the case; then quotes one

“ The Passion-flower long has blow’d
To betoken us signs of the Holy Rood.”

d te for
Turner’s characteristic remarks on this subject can hardly have
escaped Mr. Friend’s notice. He quotes quite seriously ‘‘a prover t
still current in the north of England, to the effect that ‘ He tha

It is perhaps worth while to point out that this constantly quoted git
first appeared in 'T. Forster’s ‘ Perennial Calendar’ (1824), p. 107, followed ork
reference to “ Anthol. Austr. et Bor.” (Anthologia Australis et Borealis)—® ¥°""
which never existed. -400)—

ere seems some awkwardness of expression in the passage (p- names
“ Freyja and Mary are in many respects to be regarded as but different '
for one and the same mythological personage”!

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 159

*Tunarie” of Chaucer and Drayton is not Lunaria, but Botry- —
chium. Mr. Friend quotes the curious account of the plant springmg
from graves at Woking, given by Aubrey in his Nat. Hist. of Surrey,
ili., 225-6, and says, ‘it may be suggested that the plant spoken
of by Aubre y would seem to be a kind of Horsetail (Hquisetum)” ;

permanent value to the student, but it may be that in so doing he
would not have received so much support from iheg eh public
as he is now likely todo. The volumes are eminently readable, and
contain much valuable original information. J. B.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
ican Naturalist .—J. M. Anders, ‘ Exhalation of Ozone by
Mowers Plants.’—C. E. Bessey, ‘Glands on Sporobolus heterolepis.’
> Sc gee Gazette.—A. Gray, ‘ Antirrhina Prehensilia’ (4. Orcutti-
A, Nivenianum, A. subsessile, spp. nn.)—G. Vesey, ‘ Schedule
of ‘North ng pers species of Paspalum.’—J. M. Milligan, ‘ Elihu
Hall’ (1822-1882),

Bot. Centralblatt (No. 16).—F. Schindler, ‘ Zur e eaaee der
Wurzelknéllchen die Papilionaceen.’— (No. 17). F. von Mueller,
‘Rinige Bemerkungen zu den Regeln der Pflanzen-Bneennungen.
—F. Ludwig, ‘ Ueber den ee oereen von Molinia carulea.’

os Zeitung (Mar. 28.) — Scheit, ‘Die Wasser-
olze..—H. Hoffmann, clas cae iiber Varia-

tion’ ~ (tp. 4, 11, 18). 2
aniska Notiser (Haft 2).—B. J onsson, ‘ Protoplasmarérelse

inom seh en hos fanerogama vaxter.

Buli. Bot. Soc. France (xxxii. ots pace Rendus, 1).—C. E.
Bert rand, ‘Loi des Surfaces Libres.’ E. Cos cardas, ‘ Idées
nouvelles sur la Fermentation.’-—‘ G. Bonnier & L. Alda ngin, ‘ Sur

Vabsence @absorption ou de dégagements d’azote dans le respira-
tion des Champignons.’—J. Constantin, ‘Influence du Milieu sur
la structure anatomique de la racine.’—P. Van Tieglem, ‘ Les

anaux sécréteurs du péricycle dans la tige et la feuille des Ombel-
liféres des Aralides et des Pittosporées.’—J. Godfrin, ‘ Sur l’anatomie

* See Aubrey’s ‘ Remains of Gentilisme and Judaisme ’ (edited for the Folk-
lore Society by James Britten), p. 253.

t

f

160 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

comparée des Cotylédons etdel’Albumen.’—E. Mer, ‘Le Mécanisme
et la cause de la pénétration dans le sol et de l’enracinement de
Vextremité des pe de Ronce.

Bulletin of Torrey Bot. Club (March).—E. Tuckerman, ‘ Two
Lichens of the Pacific Coast’ (Staurothele ee n. 1 a
OG: Fungi

H. Peck, ‘ New (Myriadoporus, gen. nov.). —
Britton, ‘ “hy Rusbyi, n. sp.--A. F. Foerste, ‘ | alia
of Dodecath

Garden ig 26).—A. D. Webster, ‘ Ferns of Carnarvonshire.’

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Ap. 5). — F. W. Burbidge, ‘ fa

Raaviedia (figs. 78-80, 87). Odontoglosson ioplocon Rehb. f., n. sp.

— C. B. Plowright, ‘ Mr. Jensen on the Potato-disease. ge 12.)

Calanthe i ae Rehb. f., n. sp. —J. G. Baker ‘ Hybrid rae
——M.

Gladi . Masters, ‘ Pinus (Laricio) Karamana (fig. 9
(Ap. ¥9). °C. B Plowright, ‘Canker in apple trees’ (figs. 99- eh
Dendrobium profusum Rehb. , Aerides Hoebeleniit Re on

michaelia uniflora T. Kirk, C. En yst T. Kirk, spp. nn. —(Ap. 2
W. mith, ‘ Artotrogus.’
Sone of Royal Microscopical Society.—J. P. Bisset, ‘ Des-
—- found in ga atherings near Lake Windermere, 1883’ (os-
rium Lagiense, Biss. taurastrum se seen Biss. ; Peniwm
lagenaroies Roy ;F. cucurbitinum Bi iss., spp. nn.) — G. Massee,
‘Formation and growth of cells in Polysiphonia’ (plate).

ee (Ap. 4, 25).—Grant Allen, ‘ Evolution of Flowers.’

Midland Naturalist. — W. Hillhouse, ‘ Intercellular relations
of Bctetass —J. H. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’ (Planta
ginea—Polygonacea @).

Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Italiano. —A. Goiran, ‘ Prodromus a
Veronensis’ (contd.)—O. Sanat ‘ Statice remotispicula, sp.

W. O. Focke, ‘ Rubus Calderianus, R. brachybot otrys, Spp- ar
R. F. olla, ‘ Contribuzione allo Haas degli stomi delle Pandanee'
(2 plates).

Bot. Zeitschrift. — L. Celakovsky, ‘ Ueber et
ornithopodioide L. und verwandte Arten (C. aure a, C. cypria
spp. -—F. v. Holmel, ‘ Ueber die Pinkos-Knollen

Phaeton Journal (Ap. 26), —H. G. ean ‘ Nigella
sativa,’

Scottish Naturalist.—W.L. Davidson, ‘ Scientific Method in
Biological Classification (contd.) — W. Durie, ‘ Plant-nam mes.’ —
be oes e, ‘ Trifolium agrarium as a probable British plant.’—
G. C. Druce, ‘ Botanical work of George Don.’-—J. Ste yenson,
. Mycologia Scotica.’

Our accounts of the Linnean Society’s Lrbtato tale short notices
of books, &c., are held over for want of s spac

161 Ger

ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS UL.
By Freprericx Townsenp, M.A., F.L.S.

Tue question whether Fuphrasia officinalis L. represents.a single
polymorphic species, or a collective species, and what rank its
numerous forms should take as representatives of the genus, are
questions upon which botanists have been much divided. For
some time past this enquiry has occupied my attention, and I am
glad of an opportunity to make known to others similarly interested
in the subject the conclusions I have been led to. I at present
confine myself to the European forms, though I am aware that the
ject cannot be treated satisfactorily without taking into con-
orms. ut, with the exception of the

abundance forming, as the such cases, a feature in the near
landscape, especially in pasture land, both in the lowl in
the alps. power possessed by the whole group to va hin

not think time is ill-spent which is devoted to the study of such

botanist,} who writes—* I would not join with those who depreciate
the value of the careful study of the numerous forms presented by
Polymorphic plants such as our Old World Euphrasia, provided the
Work be carefully executed, and without the object of merely adding
to the pile of nomenclature. So far from undervaluing them, I
look forward to our gaining much additional light on the relations
of the organised world from such enquiries when directed by close,
careful, and prolonged observation’’; he adds that a study of the
ath tenting

* «Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pflanzenwelt,’ ii., 101.
+ Mr. John Ball, F.B.S., F.L.S., &e. .
_Journan or Borany.—Vou. 22. [June, 1884.] M

162 ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L.

by the lengthening of the corolla-tube, in the smaller-flowered
forms by the curving downwards of the upper portion of the style,
both methods bringing the stigma ultimately in closer contact with
the anthers.*

to whether all the forms should be considered as members of @
single polymorphic species, or whether few or many should take
mma ;

the rank of species. Fries, in his Su eg. Scan.. p. 195,

remarks—‘ Kuphrasie officinalis innume formas in definitas

reducere species difficillimum est - sincere, et frustra studui nostras

tam inter duas Kocheanas, quam quattuor Reichenbachianas dis-
n

sic definio.” The two which he gives are E. officinalis L. Spee.
p. 841, and E. gracilis Fr. Litt. Tidn. And he describes b=

of these in Europe to upwards of twenty.
Soyer-Willemet, in his Mem. Soc. Nancy (1828), pp. 104-107,
and 1883, pp. 23-83, has given us the results of his studies
this direction, and we will follow shortly the road by whic he
arrived at the construction of the three species and nine subspecies
which he describes. In his earlier notice he places the comparative
size of the flower in the first rank as affording characters for specific

—

Miiller thinks that E. montana Jord. is, in the absence of insects, incapable
A + aera remain (‘The Fertilization of Flowers,’ Her ti

5
es
oO
=
fon
=
=}
oh
—_
gq

with differences in the shape, size, and eutting of the calyx and corolla. M
how far the parasitic nature of Euphrasia has to do with such differences 4
yse. f
t Grenier, in ‘Flore Jurassiqne.’ i i Boreau, 17
’ c que,’ describes seventeen species. ,
Fl. du Centre,’ describes nine species. Timbal-Lagrave, in ‘ Bull. Soc. Bot. de

d
Fr.’ (1871), describes seve species. Dall hi
senschaftlichen Beo chtungen auf Alpenreisen,’ Wien (1882), deseribes eleven
er, in Sch ad Fl. Aust A

ribed, as new, four species ; and Dr. G. Beck has described one in ‘ Verhand.
der Kaiserl.-keenig. Zool.-bot. Gesell. in Wien’ (1883), p. 225.

ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L. 168

. distinction ; in his second paper he modifies his former opinion,
and considers that he attached too great weight to the comparative
size of the corolla, which he now believes to ‘be variable ; he there-
fore includes eh form of the leaves, remarking that this character
sufficed for to retain as species H. minima, I’. ee.
and I, Selouseictna, He now alludes to the greater importance

the presence or absence of glandular hairs, and upon this, “eamarcto
with the form of the leaves, he founds three species, subdividing
each into three subspecies by the comparative size of the corolla.
I believe Mr. Soyer-Willemet is right in attaching great importance
to the i of the leaf, but he attaches too little to the corolla, if

ficial ones, and so are his subdivisions or Scbasbeae As regards
the parts from piditals the sce ria should be drawn, and the

what as follows :—(a) The direction “of the style ing flowering
(first noticed, I believe, by Kerner); (b) the form of ‘the leaves and
bracts, also the form, di , and r of eth of bot

ese; (c) the nature of the hairs on the leaves and calyx; (d) the
form and colour of the corolla; o& the mode of branching; (f) the
form of the calyx and capsule, &

Y Own conclusion is that all the European forms — which
Tam as yet acquainted (omitting H. grandiflora Hochst. extra-
European) are members of a single polymorphic species, ‘ind that
none of these members can be ranked as of a higher grade than a
Subspecies. But I believe that these naturally arrange themselves
into eight groups; and the main object of the present paper is to
give the diagnosis of these, each of which I have designated by the
name of a well-known species contained within the group. The
adoption of this nomenclature is convenient because the names ei
once call to mind the salient features of the groups, which are—

Orricinates; I]. Montane; III. Tricuspmarz; IV. Nemorosz;
V. - VI. Sauissurcenses; VII. Parvirtorm; VIII. Mr-
Mm,*

* Only three of these groups are represented in Great Britain and Ireland.
Group I. is poms g fod E. Rostkoviana, the for oe = which approach the var.
montana (E. montana Jord). This seems to be generally distributed, but is
asad more smear oe in Scotland. Group IV. a r wo by E. nemorosa

from the Firth ‘i
this may certainty be placed _ tee var. rigidula (E. rigidula ao “4 Grou Ty.
represen id

ait by E. gracilis ie This seems to be abunda ao =
i buted in Scot] seen specimens from ae
i ssn gra Shropshire, ‘Wessidahin Sussex, and Surrey. in rol

164 ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L.

of this paper may induce botanists to criticise my work, so that,
should there be any value in it, it may ultimately be made more
perfect in its character than it could n ow be without such help.
The geographical range of the several forms is a most important
and interesting ow sneered but I defer this also to a future

occasion. I confine myse w to a notice of the geographical |
range of each eset or rallide “of the representatiy e form in each
group. The matter contained under the head ‘ <Oennenttng I

suggests fetes as I believe will be found to be the case, forms
be met with which it will be difficult ci place. As regar th the
peonitent colour of the flowers in each group, I have as yet worked
this out but imperfectly, and this study should especially be carried
out in connection with insect-life.

conclude my paper by inviting botanists kindly to communicate

to me dried or fresh specimens of i interesting or new forms, and any
remarks which may enlarge our knowledge of the genus, and
thanking my numerous continental and other correspondents for

their kind assistance, and more particularly for the loan of specimens

of Paris; Mr. J. Lloyd; Mr. E. cass Mr. le Dr. B. Martin, of
Aumessas; Mr. A. Kerner, of Vienna: Mr. W. Barbey, who has
entrusted to me for examination the Enphrasias from the herbarium
of the late G. I’. Reuter, now in his possession; Mr. J. Ball, F.R.
Mr. G. C. Churchill; Mr. G. Nicholson, of Kew; Dr. Keck, of Ais-
terscheim ; Mr. Timbal- Lagrave, &c.

ExpianaTion or Sians, &c.

a = Generally distributed. = Subspecies.
b = Widely dstbate, but confined —— = Variet
— = Subvariety
ocal. | + = Doubtful.
a= _ Yay local. x = Hybrid

ARRANGEMENT or Evpnrasta orrictnatis L.

Grove I.—Orricivatus (2).

rtion of stem, s, and ta usually with glandular hairs
Leaves and bracts ovate, cordate-ovate, or subr. m. 49
u 5-6,* directed forwards, or the lower ones spreading:

Ce
* Throughout wr aciogi the number of teeth refers to those on either side of
the leaves and bract:

ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L. 165

FoRMS CONTAINED IN Group I. ;
* E. Rostkoviana 3 a = E. ofict- —— E. montana Jord. = E. picta
nalis a. pratens ae pe alpestris Wana,
— var. Any amet Gremii ee eglandu- im p. p
r form +E. ‘euaissior® Kern
— E. campetris Jord. = E. uliginosa

Seooriggg ae Lrxxs.—Connected with Aurin™ through E. versicolor and E.
mtana. There are also oan a and paucidentate forms, which appear to
connect OrrinaLes with ALPIN

Group II.—Atrinz (c).

Flowers large, tube of corolla lengthening during flowering.
“tb ce sone nearly straight. Stem simple or branched from
elow. Leaves, bracts, and calyx glabrous or hispid; oe with
“a or less Sinead entire base; teeth 3-5 on either side, directed
forwards or spreading, lanceolate, acuminate-subulate or cuspidate.
Capsule oblong truncate- ois arginate.
Subalpine, alpine, pascual.
Colour of flowers Scilly to blue.
Forms CONTAINED IN Grovp II.
* E. alpina Lam. = humidula Jord. * E. cerulea Tausch.
— var. vestita Gremli. * EF. arguta Kern.
Coxyecrinc Liyxs.—Connected with Orricryates through E. versicolor and
E, montana.
Group III.—Tricuspwat# (d). -

Flowers large, tube of corolla ee during flowerin
‘Style ultimately nearly — Plant simple or branched fon
about the middle of the stem. Leaves glabrous, aR or lanceo-
late, with 2-4 lateral, iatant spreading teeth on either side, or
ah obsolete. Capsule oblong, truncate- peer shorter than

8 bract.

Subalpine and alpine, rupestral.
lowers inclining to white or lilac.
ForMs CONTAINED IN Group III.
* E. tricuspidata L. * E. ramosissima Reut. (1856) =
E. Carniolica Kern. (1832).
Connectinc Linxs.—Connected with SauisBuRGENSES, as regards et
through E, salisburgensis vars.

Grove [V.—Nemonos2 (a).

Flowers moderate in size or small, tube of corolla not lengthen-
ing during flowerin ng. Bat ultimately hooked above. Stem simple
or profusely branched ant very rarely glandular (and when

a. glands sae poem glabrous or sparsely ie or
abrid. Leaves and bracts orate or oblong, usually with nu-
Siete (4-6) approximate teeth on either ‘is directed bein

my specimens of E. tiyog oak Kern. have glandular hairs, which
does at a eves with Kerner’s diagnosis in his ‘ Schede.’

166 - ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L.

or the lower ones spreading, triangular or triangular-lanceolate,
cuspidate or subulate (lower leaves often obtuse). Capsule obtuse,
entire or naergegs -emarginate, oblong or linear, longer or shorter
than its bra
tee cirely subalpine; pascual, and ericetal.
Flowers inclining to white or purple

Forms CconTAINED In Group IV.
ng OF — H. Mart. = E. offici- bear nitidula Reut.
ull. : . ericetorum Jord.
— E. pons Host : +E. najalis Jord.
— E. rigidula Jord — E. Cabenniendle Mart.

— E. tetraquetra Breb. * E. pumila Kern.
CoNnNECTING Links. —Connected with Parvirtor® through E. majalis and
Cebenne with Gracttes through for f.. Bras ssiiemrcdiee with Minima

Hecoss 7 E. aS ie Kern.; with Sanissurcenses through EL. Corsica.

Group V.—Gracitzs (b).

Flowers small, tube of corolla not lengthening during flowering.
Style meena! hooked above. Whole plant slender, usually with
few branches from about the middle of the stem. Leaves and
bracts ovate or oblong, usually with cuneate base, and therefore
rhomboidal; teeth few, 8-4, triangular, of lower leaves blunt, of
bracts acute or oapat6; Capsule oblong truncate, sometimes
rive exceeding its cage’ nay imary raceme usually occupying

y the upper half of the s
; oer sylvestral, ue aida

ForMS CONTAINED IN Group V.
* E. gracilis Fries. — E."micrantha Reich.

Connectine Links. ts Cannosted with Nemorosx sieeongl E. rigidula and
forms of E. nemoralis

Grove VI.—Sauissurcensss ().

Flowers small, tube of —_ not lengthening gues: flowering.
Style ultimately hooked abov Stem simple or much bran ched
throughout. Leaves and Binet (rarely ovate) bien: "Ianceolate oF
linear, with cuneate base, with about 8 distant and equidista tant (4 in

- Soyert and F. Soubeiraniana, 8-4 in E. nivalis, 5 in E. Corsica)
teeth, those of lower leaves blunt, those of bracts isons. subulate,

spr eading, porrect (teeth sometimes reduced to two on either side).
Capsule narrow, oblong or vay or truncate, sometimes slightly
emarginate, shorter than its bra

Subalpine and alpine, enue and rupestral,

Forms seers Fon Group VI.

* FE. saben Hoppe. E. Soyeri Tim.-Lag. = E. Lapey-
—— Var. rousii Soy.-Will.
— var. des a mihi, * E. Soubeiraniana,Tim.-Lag.
— E.c * E. nivalis Beck.

non Loi 4
Connectine Linxs.—In the veo oo a gensis var. angustiolie =
connects SALISBURGENSES. with Tricusp.

ON EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L. 167

Grove VII.—Parvirtor (5).

Flowers small, (crowded above?, raceme usually elongate), tube
of corolla not lengthening during flowering. Style ultimately hooked
? 4 ae :

Eaialpine and Scandinavian.

Forms conTAINED IN Grovr VII.
rae Fries. * E. hirtella Jord.
a puberula Jord. — E. polyadena Gren. & Roux.
-—— EE, rent Burnat & Gremli MS.
Conn @ Linxs. -hemmaoerins with Nemorosz throngh E. puberula, E.
iawn, oe E. maja

Grove VIII.—Minur (0).

Flowers small (larger in H. pulchella), tube of corolla not
oe during flowering. Style ultimately hooked above.
Plants of low pty usually eglandular. Stem usually simple,

r

very rarely 5), obtuse teeth, middle lobe very Sein shia than
ong. ste sec short, broad, re as or shortly obovate, oblong,

am e, pascual,
Colour of flowers tending to yellow.
ForMs CONTAINED IN orm VI.
* E. minima Jacq. r Jord.
—— var. glandulosa mihi. . TE pulchella Ker (a
shi. x E. Lepontica Brigg. alpina X
oF x on x jE mernene minima and stricta x minima).
—— E. exigua Reut.

celia Lryxs.-—Connected, through forms of E. minima, with Parvt-

FLORE ; through E. pares with Nemonos2.

AnaLyTIcaAL Key To THE Groups
1, oe of corolla lengthening during flowering ; style — nearly

oe Tube of corolla not lengthening during flowering ; ; upper portion of

style ultimately hooked above .
3. P = Sy rs gee above; bracts broadly bits: eeies subcordate,
directed forwards Officinales.

4. Plant gabroas bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, with more or less cuneate
se and u — — — aendine, or bracts lanceolate

5. soe ovate, ovate-oblong, nd shatabes with more or aus bbe base; ;
6. Densta Yesens wah a inca Se ‘side, me ae ae oe vicwyidata.

168 DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY,

{ 7. Teeth of leaves and sae 2—4 on either side A “ ‘ .
| 8.*Teeth of leaves and bracts 4—6 on either side. 13
9. corer = spot panes or lanceolate, those of the intermediat a

Fs Teeth of es rhomboidal, ‘obtuse 2 ; : Minime.
HH, sega ef bracts lanceolate- Saividate: or eaaticae Pica pS
r than its bract Salisburgenses.
12. “Teeth ot haat triangular, approximate ; capsule exceeding its bract.
Graci
13. _— broad, veins prominent beneath; whole plant glandular or
id Parviflore.
14. Plant a or ‘sparsely hairy, rarely with sessile glands. Nemorose.

ON SOME DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED
THE LAST CENTURY.

By T. R. Arcuer Brices, F.L.S.

My attention has been recently directed to Sir Francis Henry
Drake, Bart. (born Aug. 26th, 1722; died Feb. 19th, 1794), of
Buckland Abbey and Nutwell Court, ‘Devon, as an early investi-
gator of the Botany of his nae through my having purchase
a copy of Hudson’s ‘Flora An = ica,’ ed. 1, 1762, that doubtless
belonged to him, mie a saber of M S. notes, stated in @
book-catalogue in which it was pape to have been made by
‘* Sir Henry Drake.” They are records of stations of plants lying

still seats of the Drake family. Fortunately 7 date “13 Sep. 1784,’
attached to one of entries, marks the time about which they
were inserted. Of this Sir Francis Henry Shee we find Polwhele,
is ‘ History of Devonshire; writing as follows :—‘‘ The late Sit
Francis Drake, of Heeeery is said to have been a proficient in
otany. . is occasional residences in Devonshire
he was pleased to conta himself within the circle of his own
grounds; averse from social upuueaee and particularly
inaccessible ay men of talents and literature.” These words 0
Polwhele give the impression of his having suffered some real or
imaginary slight at the botanist-baronet’s hands, and we
reason to doubt the correctness of his ill-natured remarks from
statements in Jones & Kingston’s ‘Flora Devoniensis’ which prové
intercourse and Sioned bawesa Drake and Hudson. Here are
plant-stations a on their joint authority, and also the record
eee species—‘ Sir Francis Drake and Mr. Hudson fo und

Daeaditing the Drake family cons ted famous Sir Fran
of the Elizabethan age, and likewise, on mother’s side, Cord
Heathfield of the Georgian era, the ape | defender of Gibraltar,
it is interesting to connect the name of one of the race with that of
* Dwarf.and stunted specimens coming into this division have sometimes
leayes with only 2-4 teeth on either side,

DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY. 169

the introducer of the Linnean system of classification of plants into
England and the author of a gone that was for some time the
valued text-book of its botanist

Remembering the period at ‘wiach the MS. notes of Sir Francis
Henry Drake were made, I think most are of sufficient interest to
be reproduced here, so I subjoin them, with occasional remarks of
my own in [], either in addition or explanation. I give the species
under the names he uses, with siciea of the ‘ London Catalogue,’
ed. 7, added, ata the two differ

Aquilegia vulgaris L. On the left side of the park close at the
entrance of the wood as you go from Blindwell Orchard redebint the
Red. Gate. |This station fat to Dist. IIT. of ‘ Flora of Ply-
mouth,’ and the Columbine still occurs in the nel ibotihoee of
Buckland Abbe

Fumaria on vulata, Corydalis claviculata DC. On the hedge
on the left of the lane twixt Peter- Tavy and Mary-Tavy. [Still
grows in many places about ecg -—— F. capreolata. On the
left hand hedge just before you come to the tur iii at Suchalitch
Lane from Nutwell. [Most probably ir. confusa Jord. of the segre-
eed i generally diffused and only common one of Devon and

ornwall]

Lhlaspi campestie. Lepidium Smithit Hook. On the hedge on
the left in the lane twixt Peter- Tavy and Mary-Tavy. [The
habitat ficken it nearly certain that the plant was tae Smithii, and
not L. campestre, two confused together in the time of Drake and
Hudson; moreover, L. Smithii is by far the otenestinet plant in
Devon and Cornw all].

Iberis nudicaulis. Teesdalia nudicaulis Br. On the left hand
hedge just before you enter the gate that leads from Wigvor Down
to Greenvil Farm-house. oe plant still grows here, and the

ey originated an erroneous torte record for the latter] .
Hille tola palustris. On all the bogs on Woodbury and Limpston

Drosera rotundifolia. On all the bogs on Woodbury and Limp-
ston Hills; on Bovey Heathfield; in the bottom twixt Dalymore
and Cholwich Town. — D. longifo lia. D. teins Hayne. The

Giieay. they had been seen and noted as plants of te place
- 100 yoite before].

170 DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST (CENTURY.

of the bridge. The names of this plant are cunadoua in the
note, one made in pencil, replacing an older erased one in ink,
with reference to what I suppose to have been a station for Poly-
carpon tetraphyllum. Withering and Smith both state this plant to
ha ound by Hudson at Slapton, — the collection of
water is at present called the Lea a, vand the neighbouring sands

y when he discovered the plant. By Caney in the
respective statements of this station in ‘ Botanist’s Guide’ and
‘Flora Devoniensis’ it has been copied ies both into Watson's
‘New Botanist’s Guide,’ to appear as two stations].

Hypericum Elodes. On the bog nearest Budley pegiee a the
lower part of it; on the bogs on Ere Heathfield ; ttom
twixt Dalpnicc: and Cholwich Town; on the bogs 0 ttle ore.
[The two last stations Te between nea ee and ‘Goeaeae both
named for this in ‘ Flora of Plymouth.’ It is pleasing to find so
large a number of Drake’s localities still producing the species he
met wit

Linum Radiola. seeds uleare ‘ana Sm. By the side of the
hedge, on the Hight as soon as you come on Boyey Heathfield from
Chudleigh. — L. perenne. On Wi ithay’s Farm, and in most of the
dry me fields apaut Nutwell. [Doubtless in error for L. tenui-
folium, the present L. angustifolium, which would seem to have been
confused with L. perenne formerly

Fhamnus Frangula. Am songs the rocks on the common at the
west end of Sticklepath Villa

Sanguisorba officinalis. ia ong the rushes just before the were
at Buckland. [This station comes under’ Dist. ILI. of ‘Flora of
Plymouth’; but, although doubtless gc I know of no later

he
eeae of “ MSS. Tour of Sir Francis Drake and Mr. Hudson,” .
a fact of much interest viewed i in connection with the association A

distribution over the greater part of Devon and Cone wall; appa
rently very rare indeed in the eastern ‘ca Pima portions of the
latter county, though, peculiarly enough, considering it 1s & 7 om
belonging to Watson’s “ intermediate English type,” appearin os
plenty in some of the ak ground a the Lizard, the mos
pla sed land in Britain] . h
Rubus Ideus. At the bottom of the wood by the side of the pat
leading to the waterfall at Lydford.

M, yriophyll um Seer g In the cut that runs — the pond in
Mr. Walter’s garden at Bicton, in that part n the set
[Whether the resttaelak spicatum of the ‘ London Catalogue,’ caged
or the alterniflorum DC., of course doubtful] . the

Sedum annuum. 8. anglicum Huds. On the rocky bank ake:

DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY. 171

left hand as you go up the hill from Deane, in the road to
Plymouth; very frequent on the rocks near and on Dartmoor.
[One of those species that especially affect both submaritime and
elevated inland localities] .

Cotyledon Umbilicus. On the hedge twixt the wood and E. Mead,
Nntwell; on all the old walls, Buckland. [Spoken of as a rare
plant by Hudson in ‘Flora Anglica,’ ed. 1, hence perhaps Drake
was led to note stations of this abundant south-western species.
By the time, however, that Hudson issued ed. 2 he was aware of
its being frequent in this part of the country].

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium. About the springs in Torr Vil-
lage; in the ditch on both ‘side’ of the wet part of the lane leading
from the cross-way to Barton Mead.

Sanicula ewrop@a, By the side of the path thro’ the wood as
you go from Blindwell Orchard to ye Red Gate, Buckland.
[Station also given for Ajuga reptans and Lysimachia nemorum] .

Carum Carui. Below the bridge, Totness.

Pimpinella major. P. magna L. Two miles west of Brent, on
the left hedge of the road towards Plymouth. [Very possibly

ke was the first to notice it in the county. In the ‘Flora
Devoniensis’ we find the following :—‘‘ Hedges in the road between
Plymouth and Totness till as far as the 8th mile-stone, Sir Francis

ake and Mr. Hudson.” ‘The latter was probably unaware of its
Occurrence in Devon at the time he published the 2nd ed. of his
‘Flora’ in 1778).

Rubia anglica. R. peregrina L. In Slade Park, in the hedge
twixt that and Warren Hill, at the end nearest Ten Acres, Nutwell.

Asperula odorata. In the wood by the side of the path as you

Orchard, through N. Wood, Buckland. [The stations given for
2 common plant have the merit of being carefully descriptive

8].

Serratula tinctoria. On the common leading from Cholwich
Town to Tolchmoor. [Still a frequent species about Dartmoor,
and I have seen it, with Hieracium pallidum, growing from the
rocks Capping one of the very high “tors” of the moor itself] .

C olidago Virgaurea. By Tapson’s and the Were Pools, in
ausey’s Meadow at Buckland.

id Campanula hederacea. Wahlenbergia hederacea Reich. By the
S © of the hedge-ditch on the right hand, as soon aS you come on

a you enter Tolchmore from Cholwich Town; after you cros
River Mew from Holderwood, twixt the river and’ Chubtor

*

172 DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PTANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY.

Wood, and in the wood by the side of the path leading towards the
rock on Roborough Down; near the Were at Buckland, twixt the
oke and a stone that stands out of the hedge; on the sides of the
little stream that runs by the path leading from Plaistow Down

of Dartmoor, where the plant is still common. They belong to the
tract of ‘ Flora of Plymouth,’ and are considerably earlier records
than any others I have met with for the portions of country to
which they respectively belong].

Vinca minor. Twixt Saltash Passage and Plymouth. [This

given as follows in Fl. Dev. :—‘+ About the springs in the village of
Tor, near Harford, Sir Francis Drake & Mr. Huds

th
nearest Budley Saltern, and in great plenty in the marshy groun
just at the end of the village; on the right hand road-hedge twixt

pratense bestowed on it]. e

Mentha rotundifolia. At Harberton Ford. [Entry in pencil-
markings serted in the same manner are—‘* In the village of
Harberton Ford” against Hudson’s M. spicata, and ‘at Harberton’
under M. longifolia. The latter would seem to be one of the forms
of M. sylvestris L.; the other I cannot determine] .

Scutellaria galericulata. On the bogs on Bovey Heathfield.
(Still a plant of the neighbourhood]. — 8. minor. On the bogs on

and Tolchmoor. [Quite common in the moorland bogs, in damp
Boe in its neighbourhood, and others of the wilder tracts of
country].

Leonurus Cardiaca. Ten-mile stone towards N(ewton) Busbel !
on left hand side. [A note in pencil, and whence the distance
calculated not stated]. ;

nehusa. sempervirens. In the village of Ken, on right hand
going towards N. Bushel. [A very frequent species about villages
in Devon, though probably not an indigenous one].

DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY. 173

Symphytum officinale. ‘‘In the marsh behind the lime-kiln
beyond Exmouth, W.H., 176”(29). [The last figure indistinct.
The initials doubtless stand for those of Wm. Hudson].

Pinguicula lusitanica. On the bog on the left hand of the road
twixt the great road to E. Budley and Budley Saltern ; by the side
of the hedge on the right hand when you come on Bovey Heathfield
from Chudleigh; in the bottom on the left hand twixt Dalymore
and Cholwich Town; on the bogs on the right of the road on
Tolchmore, towards Meavy. [Recently seen at all these stations,
or in their neighbourkood] .

Lysimachia tenella. Anagallis tenella L. On all the bogs on
Woodbury and Limpston Hills; on the bogs on Bovey Heathfield.

Plantago maritima. In the marsh at the mouth of the River

Euphorbia Peplis. Among the sand near the first rocks between
the Warren and Dawlish. [A species now very rare indeed in
Devon and Cornwall, and apparently extinct at some of its recorded
Stations.] — EH. portlandica, Near the passage on the sands at
Exmouth,

Myrica Gale. About half a mile from the road, following the
hedge on the right hand as soon as you come on Bovey Heathfield
from Chudleigh, in great plenty; in the bottom on the left hand as
you descend the hill to a brook twixt Dalymore and Cholwich Town.
[Still grows on Bovey Heathfield. The other station comes under
Dist. V. of ‘Flora of Plymouth,’ and is identical with the two
nearly contiguous spots therein mentioned for it, no previous
authority being at the time of the publication of that work known
for the occurrence of the plant there.

tsma ranunculoides. In the rivulet that runs thro’ the bog
nearest Budley Saltern, at the lower end of the bog. [Only two or
three stations are recorded for this in Devon].

_ Narthecium Ossifragum. On all the bogs on Woodbury and
Limpston Hills. [This record is (manifestly in error) attached to
Anthericum calyculatum, the more modern Tofieldia palustris, which
immediately precedes the Narthecium in Hudson’s ‘ Flora]

Schenus albus. Rhynchospora alba Vahl. On all the bogs on
Woodbury and Limpston Hills; on the bogs of Bovey Heathfield.

Scirpus flwitans. In the rivulet that runs thro’ the bog nearest
Budley Saltern, at the lower end of the bog. — 8. sylvaticus L. In
the wet pit in Causey’s Meadow, under the very southernmost cnd
of the orchard-hedge, Buckland. [Probably the station between
Lopwell and Denham Bridge, given as an original record under

st. IIT. in ‘Flora of Plymouth’).

_Carex pulicaris L,, Amongst the furze in the coarse ground on
ay’s Farm, Nutwell.

halaris arenaria. Phleum arenarium L. On the sands about
Exmouth. ~ ;

“ Agrostis rubra. On Withay’s Farm, Nutwell, in the field
above the (hedge ?).’ «« Among the heath on the right of the road

\

174 DEVONIAN STATIONS OF PLANTS NOTED IN THE LAST CENTURY.

from Cholwick Town to Cadover Bridge, on Tolchmore, just after
you pass the first brook.” [Smith considers the Agrostis rubra
Huds. to be Gastridium lendigerum Gaud.; but the Tolchmore plant
is not at all likely to have been this species. If the following note
really belongs to Ayrostis canina, and not to A. canina y. Hudson,
the Agrostis setacea Curt., I should think it to have been this last,
which is an abundant grass on and about Dartmoor] . — A. canina.
All over Halldown. [True A. canina is stated to be common at the
resent time on Haldon by the Rev. W. Moyle Rogers in his ‘ Con-

A. alba b. stolonifera. On the rocks at the end of the warren,
towards Dawlish, and beyond the hole in the rocks, Exmouth.
Aira caerulea. Molinia caerulea Moench. On Tolehmore. — A.
flexuosa b. montana. On Wigvor Down, twixt the gully and the
gate leading to Greenyil Farm. [This station belongs to Dist. IV.
of ‘ Flora of Plymouth].
estuca decumbens. Triodia decumbens L On Tolchmore.

mouth].
Poa loliacea. Sclerochloa loliacea Woods. On the wall under
the wood at Nutwell.
a Briza media. In the meadow at Limpston leased to Agnes
ipper.
Festuca bromoides. F. sciuroides Roth. By the side of the road
on the left hand as you get up on Haldown from Exeter; the
northernmost road. — F’. ovina. On Dartmore and Tolchmore. é
gilops incurva. — Lepturus filiformis Trin. On the wall twixt
the moat and the sea-wall at Nutwell.
Nardus stricta. In great plenty about Cock’s Torr, Dartmore.
Lrichomanes tunbrigense. Hymenophyllum tunbrigense Sm. Under
the rocks on Cock’s Torr, on the west side, at spring-head.
Asplenium Ruta-muraria. On the bridge just before you come

burton ; on the walls at Buckland House. — A. marinum. On
rocks twixt the lane and the sea as you go from East Budley
towards the beach, near an oak. :

_ Polypodium Phegopteris. On the side of the hedge on the left
of the road twixt Wilsworthy Hamlet and Black Down Gate, just
beyond a lane that turns to the left hand. [Quite a local plant
about and on Dartmoor].

Lycopodium inundatum. On the bog nearest to Yeatintor, on
Woodbury Common. [A very rare plant in Devon, seen on Wood-
bury at least so recently as 1868 (vide Keys’s ‘ Flora of Devon and
— Cornwall’)]. — L. Selago. On the bog nearest to Budley
altern.

In addition to the above, twenty-one species of Lichens, Fuci,
&c., haye one or more stations given for them in M

175

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN PERIODICALS IN BRITAIN
D

(Concluded from p. 157).

Exxocarpus eomneend Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
3x 107. npDRus Baker. Id.108. — E. qurerctroiius
Baker. Id, ~- oa pean Baker.. Id. 107. —= E. rvro-
vestitus Baker. Id. 106.—-E. sertceus Baker. Id.—E. sus-

RRA <4 rs
Exzovenpron onicantaum Baker. Madagascar. Id. 121. — E.
rit 1d.122.

MBELIA CONCINNA Baker. ee Id. 199. — E. numuv-
LARImFOLIA Baker. Id. 198. —- E. sarmentosa Baker. Id. —
9

9.

Exmia amprexicavtis Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
xx. 190. :

Epatnace numirusa Baker. Madagascar. Id. 189. — HE. minma
Baker. Td.

Epiprnprum Enpresi Rchb.f. er Rica ? Gard. Chron. xix. 482.
—. INocEntRuM Rehb Id. x

ERaNTaeuum BORNEENSE Hook. f, Borneo, am ee t. 6701.

RIA AMBROSIA. Hance. China. Journ. — EK. Enwesn
hb. f. Himalayas. Gard. Chron 5c a.
Ericeron Dargettianus Hemsley. Bermudas. Journ. Bot. 104,
257 (t. 239). E. Exxasm Hook. f. Kashmir. Te. Pl, 1447.

Errocavton riurrans Baker. Madagascar. Fontes inn. Soc. xx. 277.
RIOCHLOA — Balf. f.. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 97.
— MA Bogert Benth. ex Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
x. 133. Id. 184.

1409.
Eryraroxyzum Gerrarpm Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
a. 410.

XX, -— KE. nrmpvutum Baker. I — EK. pyriro.ium
Baker. Td. 109.
Evcuanis Sanpern Baker. New Granada. Bot. Mag. t. 6676.
UGENIA CuNEIFoLIA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
144, — , emrpnensis Baker. Id. 145. — E. micropopa Baker.

Id. 144, E, Parxert Baker. Id.—E. pumeyrexroua Baker.
Id. 145, — B. vacomurorsa Baker. Id.
Evrnorsra | arBuscuta Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii.9°.
E. emmnensz Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx
251.~E. unstrotsa Baker. Id. -—- E. eryruroxytorwes Baker.
253; B oR: di

Id. — E. opcorpata Balf. f. Socotra. Proc
xl. 98. E. opnancrotata Balf. f. Id.-—E. socorrana “Bale. f.
Id. — EB. rricnopnyita Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.

Xli. 250,
Evora CELASTRACEA Baker. Madagascar. Id. xx. 117.—E. penst-
=

Exacum arrmng B y. fi segse P Proc. R. S. Edinb. xii. 80. —
kK. merrier snd Baker. Madagascar. she Linn. Soe. xx.
RE, cervteum “Bal. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb.

176 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 1883.

xii. 80. — E. eracmurres Balf. f. Id. — E. rosutatum Baker.

he wear Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 210. — HE. sparsunatum

Bak Id,

Piaiecs XYLOPHYLLOIWES Baker. Id. 249.

Faurea rorFicutirtora Baker. Madagascar. Id. 248.

Ficus Barons Baker. Madagascar. “Td. 262. — F. BRacHycnaDa
Baker. Id. 259.——F. cuaoxynomes Baker. Id. 260. — F.
LonGipes Baker. Id. 259.-—-F. marmorata Bojer ex Baker. Id.

257. — F. Masont Horne tee Fiji. Id. 871. — F. Met-
LeRI Baker. Madagascar. Id. 258.—-F. Smrram Horne [Baker].
inthe | 2. — ¥. socoTRaNa or f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8
Edinb. xii. 96. — F. soroceomwwes Bak Madagascar. Journ
inn. Soc, xx. 258.—F. trrcnopopa Bak F

TRIcHOSPHERA Baker. Id.— F. xrenocusris Baker. Id. 260.

- Frveristyiis cinerea Ridley. Madagascar

— SETIFERA Ridley adagascar. Id. 33

1429.

“Porsenna Baront Baker. (Acanthacese Ruelliew). Madagasear.
Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 219 (t. 27).

Pexcuie Manes Hook, f. N. China. Bot. Mag. t. 1678.

Gamrtvera arEnarta Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.
09. — G. ee Baker. Id. 208. — G. wrest
Baker. 1d. 207. — G. paytiosepata ayia Id.--G. s
carpa Baker. fa 20

Gareanpra Harvevana Rehb. Jf. Gard. Chron. xx. 716

GARCINIA "pire Baer: Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 92.

PAUCIFLORA Baker. ‘

ENIA Gorpont Baker. Fiji. Id. 861. -—— G. Gonrrmr Horne
ge Id. 8362. — G. Griever Horne [Baker]. Id. 361. —
= ae “ Horne [Baker]. Id. 862. — G. Stonoxm Oliv. Fy.
c.

Genista ? a Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
xx. 125.

Gentrana BoRNEENSIS Hook. f. Borneo. Ic. Pl. 1440. — G. DELI
cata Hance. China. sg Bot. 824. — G. pos Hook. f.
Kashmir. Ic. Pl. 1440. — G. rosusta King [ Hook. f.]- Tibet.
Id. 1489. G. rmemica Rag [Hook. f.]. Id. 1441.

vane Brroiianeyels Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.

GERRARDANTHUS eronrerers Hook. f. Natal. a Mag. t. 6694.
GRADERIA casei Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 84
Grewia LanceoLata Baker. — Journ. Linn. Soe. %-
104, — G. POLYPYRENA Nenes Id. 1
Hoo

GyYMNEMA MACRANTHUM k. f. Sikkim Himalaya, Ic. Pl. 1486.
RIA BERBERIDACEA Baker, Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
xx. 120. — G. crarmora Baker. hb G. PANICULATA Baker °
- +31

ARIA SOCOTRANA Balf. f. Socotra. Proce. R. S. Edinb. xii. 96.
Socotra. Id.

TRAGONA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx,21%-
Harrocarpna Lercuttanu N.E. Br. §. Africa. Gard. Chron. xix-7

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 1888. 177

Hartoeia rrmosocarpa Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
119

xx. 119.

Hepycutum pereerinum N. EL. Br. Madagascar. Gard. Chron.

xix. 868. -

Hetxocuaris Baront Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.
297.

Hewicurysum aMPLExicauLE Baker. sl Id. 185. — H.
BULLATUM Baker. Id. 184. — H. TOMERIOIDES Baker. Id.
186. . FLAGELLARE Baker. id. 188. — H. patrutum Baker.
oe 185. — H. squarrosum Baker. Id. 184. — H. vanacett-

omium Baker. Id. 183. — H. rrinervatum Baker. Id. 182.
hse penTATUM Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb.
xn..91,—H: seme Balf. f. Id.-—-H. oporum Balf. f. Id.

Hemtoarex curvirostris C. B. Clarke. Himalaya.- Journ. Linn.
Soc. xx. 884. — H. rimucrna C. B. Clarke. Id. — H. pyvemma
C. B. Clarke. Id. 8838:

Hisiscus Exuisu Baker. _Madag ascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 100.

Id. 99.

Hyacintuus crypropopus Baker. Madagascar. Id. 2
Hypyoruytum Winxinsont Horne [Baker]. Fiji. Journ. ‘Linn. Soc.
xx. 365. —- H. ? Wintsont Horne [ Baker d.
Hyprocoryie tusstaciniroiia Baker. Madagascar. Id. 151.
Hyporstes sracuiata Baker. Madagascar. Id. 224 a
3. —

ies B F 5 a
H. corymposa Baker, Id. — H. tontcerowes Baker. Id. 225.
H. puBEscENS Balf. f. Socotra. Pros R. S. Edinb. xii. 89.—-
H. secu tor Madagascar. Journ. Linn, Soc. xx. 224.

Iupatrens comorensis Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.
114, — I. emmenensts Baker. Id. 115. — 1. rmemvuna Baker. Id.
114.—TI. Lyatun Baker. Id. 118.—TI. saticiroria Baker.* Id.
114. — I. rrtcoceras Baker. Id. 115.

Inpicorana Kirk Oliv. Zanzibar. Ic. Pl. 1416. —I. Lyatas
Baker, Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 128, — I. Parxeri
Baker, Id. 126, —I. protivata Baker. Id. 127.—I. prvironia
Baker, Td, — 1. raymorpes Baker. Id. 126.

Temicenta rosusta Baker. Madagascar. Id. 275.

Tromma Lactntata Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 82.—
I. Rimpetiana Oliv. Indian Archipelago. Ic. Pl. 1424. — I.
THomsontana Mast. E. Indies. Gard. Chron. xx. 818, fig. 147.

Tris Barront M. Foster. Kandahar. Id. xix. 275. al Mines

__ Baker [M. Foster]. Him oa

*Iscunurus puLcHELLus, Balf. f . (Graminer Hordex). Socotra.
Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii.

Isociossa susmciomes Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.

XxX. 221,

a name is preoccupied, Hook. f. & Thomson Poe given it to an Indian
Species: the Madagascar plant might well be called I. Bojeriana, Bojer
distributed : it as Balsamina salicifolia—Ep. Journ. Boea-

Journan or Botany.—Vow. 22. [Junn, 1884.] N

178 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED In 18838.

Ixora Carewr Horne eiieksig Fiji. Id. 364.—I. Josxe: Horne

[Baker]. Id. 868

Jasminum Microcanyx Han China. Journ. Bot. 328. —J.
PUBERULUM Baker. Hadagiooar. Id, 203. — J. RoTUNDIFOLIUM
Balf, f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 77.

oo unicostaTa Balf. f. Socotra. Id. 94.
JUSTICIA cHLOROPTERA Baker. sagen get p Journ. Lin
Xk 999, J. nHopoprera Baker. 1d. 291. — J. ricma pe nf
Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 87.
cH# PumiLA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
. 140.

139, — K. rricnanrna Bak
Krrcnineta ampiexicaunis Baker. Madagascar. Id. 142. — K.
PANDURIFORMIS Baker. Id. 141. — K. parviroria Baker

. Id. 142.
eats Letcntunu [Baker MSS.] Hook. f. Abyssinia. Bot.
Mag. t. 6716. — K. patumirtora Baker. Madagascar. Journ.
Linn. cy xx. 2738.
Kosresta nitens C. B. Clarke. Kashmir. Id. 879. — K. pseupo-
C 8

Kostreterskya uispipa Baker. Madagascar. Id. 9

Lastocomys FLAGELLIFERA Balf. f. were oe. R. 8. Edinb.
xii, 92. — L. sprcuntronia alf.

LastosteHon socorranus Balf. f. Same: Id. 92.

Lasiostrtma Sanpersoni Oliv. Natal. Ic. Pl. 1449. :

Les ETaMoiDES Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
<%;

Leprouena paucirtora Baker. Madagascar. Id. 96. — L. TURBI-
naTta Baker. Id. 97. -

Leprurus tenuis Balf.f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 97.

Levoas vireata Balf. f. Socotra. Id. 91. j

Licutrootra suBapHytta Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.

xx. 198.

Lrearis cutoroxantHa Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 281. —L.
Grossa Rchb.f. Birma. Gard. Chron. XIX

Lippi oticorHyiia Baker. Madagascar. : ourn. Linn. Soe. xx. 225.

Lirsea verticiniata Hance. China. Jou ot.

LopHatHERUM GEMINATUM Baker, Ye nara Journ. Linn. Soc. —
2x

Louanrinvs DIPLOCRIEER Baker. Madagascar. Id. 246. — L. Gono-

cxapus Baker. Id. 247, —L. norormrxomes Hance. China.
Journ. Bot. 856. — L. micronmsus Baker. Madagascar.
Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 246, — NopHLEBIUS Baker. Id ee
. Parxeri Baker. ae OAR ot: o-viriwis Baker.
“ivan ISURA ANGUSTIFOLIA k f. ( Mavstenio ang eythise hit)
(Asclepiadee Marsdenien), Burma. Ie. Pl. 142
LysIMACHIA PARVIFLORA Baker Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 196.

Masa tarertrouia Horne [Hiern]. Fiji. Id. 866. —

Macarane@a auntroria Baker. Madagascar. Id. 256.— M. spore)
carpa Baker, Id. 255. — M. macropopa Baker. Id. 257.
SPHEROPHYLLA Baker, Id,

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 18838. 179

Masa rricuopuiesia Baker. Madagascar. Id. 197.

Marspenia Rosusta Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 79.

Masprvatuia Brevis Fchb. f. Demerara. Gard. Chron. xx. 588.—
M. : 230. — M. ae é ,
784; xx. 181, fig. 830. — M. Cuesrerronr Rehb. 2 Columbia.

(eae tix. 692. ~~ M. gD ans Rehb. f. Id. xx. 294.

GeMMatTA [ichb. f. Id. — M. maratnexua Rehb. f. “Ta. 38. —_M.
PORCELLICEPS Rchb.f. Id. xix. 10.—M. rorra Rehb. f. Id. 110.
— M. trichmTe Fichb. f. Id. xx. 360. — M. trmacryiires

IA IRRORATA "Rehb. Ff. Andes? Id. xx. 102.—M. varicosa
fichb. f. Bolivia. Id. 892.
Mepinmina Curtisn Hook f. Sumatra. Id. xx. 621, fig. 108; Bot.
t. 6730. —

Mexopinvs virtentis Rolfe. Journ. Bot. 201
MECYLON LoNGIcusPE Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 150.

Mrsempryanraemum PLATYPHYLLUM Baker. Madagascar. Id. 278.
Microcuossa mrantorpes Baker. Madagascar. Id. 182. — M.

ee MERIA a Baker. Madagascar. Id. 232.—M. spux- -

OPHYLLA Bak Id.
ficacomras Gieioena Baker oo Rarer beng Id.111.
Minurorsis pirrusa Baker. Madagascar. — M. tancxo-
LATA Baker. . 220
*MrronEris inTRICATA Balt. eB (Asclepiades: Periplocer). Socotra.
roc. R. §. Edinb. xi

Mrrosreanra GLAzIovir Mat. Brazil. Journ. Bot. 84. — M. Jen-
MAN Mast. Brit. Gui

*Monacuocutamys ear dieee é Baker Eee Thunbergiee).
Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 21 wi

DULEA REVoLUTA Baker. vee eal Id. 1

Moussanpa TRICHOPHLEBIA Baker Madagascar. ‘td. '166.— M. ves-
Tita Baker

Myosuranpra 3 MOSOHATA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 148.

Myrtca avenopzora Hance. China. ete Bot. 857.—M. Boser-
‘Tana Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 267. — M.
PHILLYREEFOLIA Baker. Id. :
Nuvscantuus acuteatus Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. S. Edinb.

xu. 86

Osrrra Lactniata Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 264.

-MortrotiA Baker. Id. 263.—O. prnnatiripa Baker. Id. 264.
Ocomma acuminata Baker. Madagascar. Id. 242. — QO. rricno-
PHLEBIA Baker. Id. =
Oxcwrum BruntErstanum Rehb. f. Gard. Chron. — 0.
EURYCLINE Rchb. f. Id. xx. 812.—0O. are itohh = Id.
xix. 562. —O. Jonzstanum Rchb.f. Paraguay. Id. xx. 781.—

O. tirum Rehb. f. “‘n. sp. vel hybr. nat.” Brazil. Id, 828, _

180 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 18838.

O. monacutcum Rchb.f. N. gee Id. xix. 868, fig. 54. —
O. sattasunpum Rehb. f. Id. — O. ustuntatum fchb. f.
340.

Oncostemum aRTHRITIcCuM Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
3. 02. — O. PHYLLANTH-

xx. 208. — O. Pepicettatum Baker. Id. 2
owes Baker. Id. 208.
OREOCHARIS FILIPES — ce. China. Journ. Bot

ORTHOSIPHON FERRUGINEUS a Jf. Socotra. thot ‘BR. 8. Edinb.

xii.

OsyRIs PENDULA Balf. f. Socotra. Imd. 98.

OrropHora pavctFLorA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 170.

OXALIs mere Baker. a RE Id. 112.—0O. vitnosa Baker.

Id. — HOPHYLLA Oa

Panax cisstrLorus Baker. tadigsssac. Id. 154. — P. bee
Bak Tay 165, —~ P. vaivtearos: Bakers °1d. — P.
ZANTHOXYLOIDES Baker. 54.

Panicum rieipum Balf, f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 97.

Paraver Hooxert Baker in Hort. Kew. [Hook. fil.]. Kashmir.
Bot. Mag. t. 6729

Pargia Parru Horne [Baker]. Fiji. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 359.

PasstFLorA DEFIcrENS Mast. Brit. Guiana. Journ. Bot. 34. — P.

IANTHINA . KALBREYERI nee N.

Grenada. Id. — P. Pavonis Mast. Mexico. Id. — P.
PLATYSTYLA Mast. Brazil.

Pavonta macrotis Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 98.

Perreromta Baroni Baker. oe . Id. 2
PeRIsTeRIA EPHIPPIUM Rehb. f. W. South America. Gard. Chron.
98.

*Pzrrocopon pEauBatus Hance (Cyrtandree). China. Journ.
Bot. 167.

*Prerrmovitex Riper Oliv. (Verbenacee Viticew). Indian Archi-
pelago. Ic. Pl. 1420.

Puatenopsis Boxautn Rehb. f. Philippines. Gard. Chron.
274, — P. Vaentini ‘“‘n. sp. (hyb. nat.?)’ Rehb. f. repre
Id. xx. 262. Z

PuarNaceUM surFRruticosum Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn.

OC. XX. ‘
HILIPPIA MACROCALYX Baker. Madagascar. Id. 195.—P. oopH¥LLA
Baker. Id.
Pavitantuvs ress Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xii. 94.
Priza tonctrouta Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. Xx. 266.

— P. macroponta Baker. Id. — P. mopesta Baker.
Pimprneiia Bisecta Baker. Madagascar. Id. 152 9.—P; guRACTEATA
Baker. Id. — P. renvicavuis “Bak er.

158 :
*PLAGtoniRION HorsMani — —— Columbia. Gard,
Chron. xx. 88, 105, fig. 1

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED 1n 1883. 181

%

—." HEXAPHYLLUS Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
x. 231, — P. tavanpunoweEs Baker. Id. 280
Pataca DENSIFLORA Baker. Madagascar. it 167. — P. Mac-
GREGORI Horne [Baker]. Fiji. Id. — P. umpeLiata
168.

er.
Popocarpus arcormnta Hance. China. J A a Bot. 357.
ODOPHYLLUM PLEIANTHUM Hance. China. Oe ys s
Pogonta Gamureana Hook. f. N. India. on “Mag. t. 6671.
Potyeata emmnensis Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
— P. mucronata Baker. Id.

Potyconum BRAcHYPopUM Baker. Madagascar. Id. 239. — P.
orBEsI Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 100.
Potysracuya minutiriora Ridley. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
832. — SELLATA Piale Id.

xx. 882. ;
Porana osrusa Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 83.
Poramoceton Curzsemann A. Bennett. N. Zealand. Journ. Bot.
— P. Grirriran A. Bennett. Wales.

*Pancoumsa Tasacum Hance (Cyrtandracew). China. Journ. Bot.

Pstapia sanvimronia Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.
181. — P. urticazronia Baker :

Psonosrenmom BRACHYPODUM Baker. acting Id. 93. — P.
FERR m Baker. Id. —P. Forsesu Baker. Id. 94. —
Fr, sodnesok Baker Id. ee — P. porno « Baker. Id.
94. — P. venunosum Baker.

MiG berk: veuwrporxk: Baker. siddaguene Id. 169. — P. rrt-
CHANTHA Baker. Id.

AFRICANA Benth. [Hook. fl W. Trop. Africa. Ic. Pl.
t. 1480. — R. Mannmt Hook. f

Ruaproperatum Soyauxn Oliv. Kop Africa. Ie. Pl. 1405.

Rimacanraus scopartus Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb.
xii. 88,

Ruyxonenyrrvm microstacuyum Balf. f. Id. 97.
Rayncnosta ruopornyiia Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 133. — R. verstcotor Baker. . 182.
“Riepetia curviriora Oliv. (Scitamineze Zingiberew). Indian

Arahipelayo. Ie. Pl. 1419.

Rop DRIGUEZIA CALOPLECTRON Rchb. f. N. eres ge Chron.
xix. 868. — R. Timcana “en f. Id. . LeEHMANNI
Rehb. f. Ecuador. 1d. xix. 408.—R. uvreora aw. E. eve Id. 688.

Russ Forpu Hance. China. Journ. Bot. 298. — R. myRianTHUs
Baker. ie. ote Journ. Linn. Soc. 186. — R. pauct-
FLoRUs Bak Id.

GIA a Wibais academe Baker. Madagascar. Id. xx. 104.

Rventia carnza Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 85. —
R. instants Balf. f.

Sacconarrom BeRKELEYI Rehb. f. India. Gard. Chron. xix. 814.—

- Wirreanum Rehb. f. Java. Id. 618

=i PaRvirotia Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.

S$ BELOPHORUs Rehb. f. Gard. Chron. xx. 262.

182 NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED In 1883.

? Bancongmrue Dearer. Id. 108, fig. 17. ‘ Whether a published
me we have not ascertained.”
Sepa cans psycuorrioiwEes Baker (Rubiacex Cinchonez).
Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 160 (t. 160).
Scuizormna ExinvotucraTA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 9
OXIPHIU. 5G lar, ca.

CHEN UR B. Clarke. §. Africa. Id B68

Scmuua trivia Baker. Cape. Gard. Chron. xx. 1

Scrpus Lyatun Baker. Madagascar. ee Linn. Soc. xx
297. — 8S. muuticostatus Baker. Id. 298. — 58. TRICHOBASIS
Baker. Id.

Secamone socotrana Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. S. Edinb. xii. 79.

SELAGO CAPITULIFLORA Lolfe p n. Linn. Soc. xx. 855.—
S. concesta Rolfe. Id. 856. — 8. Drecer Rolfe oe

. . & Hook. f. ex Rolfe eaten Id. 285.

S. nigrescens Rolfe. Cape. Id. 352. — 8. nurans Rolfe (S.

Id. 354.

SENECIO Riusees Baker. Madagascar. Id. 191. — S. curvatus
Baker. Id. 190. — S. muurrpracteatus Baker. Id. 192. — 8.
Parxert Baker. Id. 191. — 8. ponyruizus Baker. Id. 192.

*SIBANGEA Apponnacens se fit ptheraacads Phyllanthew). Trop.
Africa. Ic. Pl. 1 :

SIDEROXYLON FIMBRIATUM -. Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8, Edinb.
xi. 76.

, Bincacenens EMIRNENSIS Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.
. 188.

ek ae MALLEIFERA Rehb. f. N. Granada. Gard. Chron.
xx. 360.

* SocoTora APHYLLA Balf. f. (Apocynes). Socotra. Proc. R. 8.
Edinb. xii. 77.

pear aPocyniroLium Baker. Badegaersr. Journ. Linn. Soc.

3. — §. FuaceLuirerum Bak Id. — 8. Seep Horne

[ Baker}. Fiji. Id. 8

SPARMANNIA DISCOLOR ced Madagascar. Id. 102. — §. suB-
paLMATA Baker. Id. 101.

Sracuys pesris Baker. Madagascar. Id. 234. — 8. oLIGANTHA

33.

Baker. Id. 233. —- 8. spnxzroponta Baker .
Statice Lerroyi Hemsley. Bermudas. Journ. Bot. 105.
Sretis zonata Rchb.f. Demerara. Gard. Chron. xx. eee
STENOCLINE FERRUGINEA Baker. gar kgs Journ. pe:
xx. 187. — S. rruricosa Baker. Id. 186. — S. 1NcANA "Baker.

SrenorapHRuM oostacHyum Baker. Madagascar. Id. 299. — S.
UNILATERALE Baker. Id.

Stipa MADAGascaRrENsIs Baker. Madagascar. Id. 3 5.

sete gt DIMORPHOTRIDENS Hance. China. Ase Bot. Boe
— AGASCARIENSIS Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn.

XxX.

SwERTIA Kine Hook. f. Sikkim Himalaya. Ic. Pl. 1442.
SympHonta EvGENIOIDES Baker. Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 91- g
LEPIDOCARPA Baker. Id. —§. Metient Baker. Id. aoe

PAUCIFLORA Baker. Id.

NEW PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED 1n 1888. 183,

Sympzocos apENopus Hance. China. Journ. Bot. aaa, :
TaBERNEMONTANA sEssiLirotia Baker. Madagascar. urn. Linn.
Soc. xx. 205. — T. Tuurstont Horne al "Hie Id.

TACSONIA INFUNDIBULARIS Mast. Venezuela. Journ. Bot.
Tampourissa Rora Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. io XX.
24

0. — T. rricHopuytua Baker. ;
Tanacetum Jounstonn Hemsley. Peli Journ. Bot. 135.
EPHROSIA MONANTHA Baker. Madag one jan nn. Soc. xx.

128. — T. pricata Oliv. S. Afric ica. oe res
Terracera pauctrLora Baker. Madagascar. Jon ourn. Linn. Soc.

i
*TETRASPIDIUM LAxIFLoRUM Baker (Scrophulariaceee Gerardier). Ma-
dagascar. Id. 215 (t. 25).
Trvcrium prtionarE Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. §. Edinb. xu. 92.
—T. pRosTRATUM ey: J.
Tuunsercia Kirxu Hook. f. E. “Trop. Africa. Bot. Mag. t. 6677.
— T. PLATYPHYLLA aes er. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.

i:
*THuRNIA Taxatan Hook. f. (Juncacew Hujuncee). British Guiana.
ook. f

‘Ic. Pl, — T. sPHEROCEPHALA pel f. (Mnasium sphero-
cali Budge). Brit. Guiana. Id. 1

Topp SCHMIDELIOIDES Baker. a Journ. Linn. Soc.
xx. 118.

Tournerortia puBERULA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 211
*ToxaNTHERA NaTALENSIS Hook. f. (Cucurbitacex Caleta
421.

Tragia prorca Balf. J eevee aes R. 8. cg xii. 95.
Trema grisza Baker. Madag Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 268.
*TREUTLERA tNstGNis Hook. 7 hocecier Metelactens. Sikkim.

Ic. Pl.
Truaspis Neisont Oliv. Sethe Id. 1
*TRichocaLyx OBOVATUS Bi Fi (Acuhacee). Socotra. Proc.
b. xii. 88. — na ORBICULATU Id.

RUM : . B.S. 5 :
xu. 81.— T, laosameag Balj. f. Id.—T. Scorm Balj. f. Id.
Tricoctorris cocHiEaris Rchb. is Sumatra. Gard. Chron. xix.

TrrcHoprrra Krenastiana Rehb. f. Id. xx. 166.
Trocuerta pentaguossa Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soc.

Tutrea Avcuermna Baker. Persia. Gard. Chron. xx. 168. — T.
cructata Baker. Asia Minor. Id. xix. 788.— T. Exwesu
Baker. — Id. — T. Lowne: Baker. Palestine. Id.
Xx. 2 ospeta Baker. rit:

Piitrtons wicansrinsen Hook .f. Tenasserim, Ic. Pl. 1450

pes pensiroria Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. 8

2.

Urera onicotoza Baker. Madagascar. Id. 2
Uropaytium Lyaniu Baker. Madagascar. ia. 165.

184 NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Urricunaria tineunata Baker. wenygrres Id. 216.—U. Parker
Baker. Id. — U. sparrea Bak Id.
VANGUERIA —— ee Madagascar . 168.
VANILLA PFAVIAN hb. f. Mexi Gar Sie xx. 230.
VEPRECELLA VESTITA : anh: Satis rasea Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
6

Vernonia aPHANANTHA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 176. ae: APOCYNI-

-Fouia Baker. Id..175. — V. arnauta Baker. Id. Baroni
Baker. Id — V. pracuyscypHa Baker. Id. 178. — V.
pEexLapsa Baker. Id pissotuta Baker. Id. 174.—V

Fusco-pitosa Baker. Id. 179.—V. wutmrowia Baker. Id. 180.
—V. teucopnyiia Baker. Id. 176.—V. Lyauum Baker. Id.174.
—YV. mogurmiorwrs Baker. Id. 177. — V. ocurotevca Baker.
Id. 179.—V. pacnyctapa Baker. Id. 178.—V. gir
Baker. Id..177. — V. quaprirtora Baker. Id. 178. — V.
RHAPONTICOIDES Baker. Id. 180. — V. sparsIFLORA pane Id.
a

A TRICHOPHYLLA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 204.

Vintentesote uintroLium Balf. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb.

xii. 79.

Viscum EcutnocarPum Baker. ise Journ. Linn. Soe. xx.
248.—V. muxticostatum Baker. Id.—V. myniopuienrum Baker.

—Y. pentantuum Baker. Ta. 249

Vitex rearensis Baker. Madagascar. Id. 226.—V. Muxert Baker.
Id. 227.—V. pacuyciapa Baker. Id.—V. pumiyrarowa Baker.
Id. 226.

ViTIs LENTICELLATA Baker. Madagascar. Id. 122.—\V. TRITERNATA
Baker. Id. 128.

VocEtia penputa Balj. f. Socotra. Proc. R. 8. Edinb. xii. 76.

WarscEwiczELLa Prota Rchb.f. Gard. Chron. xx. 8.

Wernmannia FLoRIBUNDA Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 138.

Wicnrtia BorneEnsts Hook. f. Ic. Pl. 1

Wirnanta Riesecku Schweinf, Socotra. on R. S. Edinb. xii. 83.

Wort artocarpirotia Baker. Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
88.

XX.
Xeropnyta sprnuLosa Ridley. Madagascar. 33.
*XyYLOCALYX ASPER Balf. : pis sepemrammars ne Socotra.
Proc. BR. 8. Bdinb. x
XYRIS SEMIFUSCATA Boia ex boas Madagascar. Journ. Linn. Soe.
XX. 277-
ZyGcoreTaLuM Burxer Rehb. f. Demerara. Gard. Chron. xx. 684.
—Z. FORCIPETALUM eet J. ~fd- 860. :

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
In ‘ The Saag ae and Morality of Plants’ (Chatto & Windus)
Mr. J. E. Taylor deals in a popular way with some of the ae
of plant-life with which Mr. Darwin did so much to

*

NOTICES OF BOOKS, 185

familiar. The practice of some recent writers who “speak o
plants adopting this habit or that device as if they did i oe and
intelligence ” is justly shiarisleiited by Mr. Taylor
language”; and he not unreasonably thinks that, 1 ack” re
believe in ‘the consciousness of plant-life or ho this language
almost implies such a belief.” That ‘ vents hardly a virtue or a
vice which has not its counterpart in the nied of the vegetable
ingdom,” and that the “ principle of altruistic morality applies to
it,” may be taken as examples of the somewhat startling axioms
Raycacaene by Mr. Taylor; but, apart from these and from the
mewhat State a dings of his chapters, there is much in
the book which will interest and instruct the general reader. An
occasional slip ey be noted: such as that at p. 57, where the
“ Air-plant” of cottage- etn (Saxifraga sarmentosa) is called
Bryophyllum ler um; or (p. 125) the lettering a cut of Ovalis
stricta as O. A

Mr. Grant aie s ‘Flowers and their Pedigrees’ (Longman
Green “ Co.) has hitherto remained unnoticed. It has all the
merits of his previous works, not the least of which is a charming
literary style; while it also possesses the same tone of liberal

assumed a dingy purplish yellow hue, to suit the eyes of marsh-
land insects”; that “waterside See do not seem to care for yellow,
and therefore most waterside flowers are pinkish, purplish, or
white”; and that ‘“ the marshy water-avens has exactly a same
dusky purplish yellow tint as the marshy Comarum.” We cannot
accept this description of the colour of Comarum, whic h, deeovae no
one who is not colour-blind could consider the same as that of Geum

Lysimachia vulgaris in summer, and Senecio aquaticus umn
Seem to u picuous examples of yellow waterside flowers, not
to mention such aquatics as Nuphar and Limnanthemum. Nor

we accept Mr. Allen’s statement as to plant-distribution. It is not
the case that Rubia peregrina “belongs only to a few headlands of
Pembrokeshire, the Damnonian peninsula, and the south-west of
Treland” ; ; it is merely an assumption that Centaurea Isnardi and
Linari. ise Pelisseriana ‘have died out everywhere save in the Channel
Islan and Cypripedium Calceolus is not strictly confined to
. Bia ae station.”

THE same por contributes a volume entitled ‘ Biographies of
Working Men’ to the series entitled ‘‘ the Sou s Library,” issued
by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Avowedly a
Compilation, it is a most readable little volume: Thomas Edward
is selected as the example of a working-man naturalist.

Pror. Bentizy has issued ‘ The Students’ Guide to Systematic
Botany’ (J. & A. Churchill) as a companion to the ‘ Gui
Structural Botan ny,’ which we noticed last year (p. 818). Itisa
handy little pocket-volume, which cannot fail to be of service to

ose for whom it is intended.

ee
ae

186 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

THE jeciepen eels apa to the equally ee page rare ‘ Con-
spectus Flore Europ * has just been issued. is styled
: sy mcrae ant “4 at rof. ewan bids us look Ended rf a
second Supplement, which will contain matter more in accordance
with the pode se meaning of the term. The present

more than 160 pages! Hanis mey be obtained from the aut
(Stockholm) for 3s. 6d., post-free

Mr. Wittiam Hopeson sends us an interesting paper on ‘The
Botany of ey Caldew Valley,’ reprinted from No. viii. of t the
‘ Transactions of the Cumberland Association.’

Tse Kew Report for 1882 and that of the Botanical Exchange
Club for the same year were issued in April: we hope to give
extracts from each in an early number

Mr. R. D. Firzerrarp has issued the first part of vol. ii. of his
‘ Australian Orchids.’ It contains figures, semen with his usual
care and accompanied by dissections, of species of Caladenia, Sarco-
chilus, Drakea, Dendrobium, Prasophyllum, Bolbophyllum, Microtis,
and Thelymitra,

Tue lately issued (5th) volume of the ‘Proceedings of the
Dorset Field Club’ contains a list of the mosses of Glanvilles
Wootton, by C. W. Dale, with some others found in the county by
the late Ey H. H. Wood, of whom a photograph and memoir are
prefixed to the volume.

st part of a wa thee Guide to the Museum of

a guide to the Museum as a storehouse of trustworthy information
on Economic Botany.

New Booxs. — C. Saromon, ‘ Deutschlands winterharte Baume
und Straucher’ (Leipzig, Voigt: 8vo, pp. 238). — G. Cavums,

Guide Pratique de Botanique rurale’ (Paris, Lechevalier: 8Vv0;
pp. 180; tt. 52), — J. A. Gurnnarp, ‘ Flore de Bordeaux et du
Sud-ouest’ (Paris, Masson: 8yo, pp. evii. 217). — J. Vauuot,
. tea sur la Flore du Payé de Devia! (Paris, Lechevalier : 12mo,
pp. 123). — F. Hinpepranp, ‘ Die Lebens verhiltnisse der Oxalis-
sy | (Jena, Fischer : 4to, pp. 140, tt. 5). — J. H, Tava LOR, ‘The

Bro, fs 1500). — . M. Gav ‘Les Ch asi gaiia? (P aris,
Bailliére: 8vo, pp. i 508, tt. 16).

187

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
- American Naturalist. —~ J. M. Anders, ‘ Exhalation of Ozone by
flowering plants.
Witeateg Gazette. — C. 8. Sar, wane ‘ Botanical Papers of G.

Engelmann.’ — ©. R. Barnes, ‘Occurrence of Co rk between the
annual sae in the stem of Cndaton —— (1 plate). — G.
Vasey, ‘A new Aristida’ (A. basiramea Engelm. MS8.).

Bot. Centralblatt (No. 18). — H. Schinz, ‘ Anatomisch-physiolo-
gische Untersuchung gerésteter Maiskérner.’ — (No. 19). V. v.
Borbas, ‘ Balanographiche Kleinigkeiten.’ — (Nos. 20, 21). P. A.
perrerdo, ‘ Conspectus generum sg Fs hucusque cogui-

torum.’

tanische mse 4 Se 25). -~ H. Hoffmann, ‘ Culturversuche
liber Wivintion Blytt, ‘Erwiderung.’ —(May 2). O. Loe et:
‘Ueber den mer: Nachweis von laiweins stoffen.
(May 9). H. de Vries, ‘ Zur plasmolytischen Methodik.’

Botaniska Notiser (Haft. 8).— 8. Murbeck, ‘ Tvenne for Skandi-
havien nya Epilobium-hybrider’ ’ pllabian palustre X parviflorum
and FE. parviflorum x tetragonum).

Bull. Bot. o France (xxx.; Session scabs Samal a Antibes).
— M. J. Chareyre, ‘La Formation des Cysto — X. Gillot,

‘Quelques plantas ‘nouvelles pour la Flore de Pranes” — J. Vallot,
‘Asplenium septentrionale sur le quartzite compacte de Lodéne.’ —
H. Vilmorin, ‘La Villa za at sh Be AE og | oo “Conespeniance
de J, Gay avec P. Salzm — Id., ‘Deux lettres de V. Jac
mont.’ — ©, Naudin, ‘ Notice sur les Eucalyptus.’ — A. Pons, ‘ ae

/~—M ah

phyton? Woronini, sp. n.). — ; Comptes Rendus 2). P. Van
Tieghem, ‘Sur une maniére a " déseiiiner les diverses directions
de courbure des ovules.’ — G. Rouy, ‘Excursions botaniques en
Espagne ’ (Misréloncpaa sptnulosus and Astragalus gypsophilus,
spp. nn., names only). —- E. Bornet & C. Flahault, ‘Sur la A. ey

i an

Ae Sage? et Semele.’ —H. Loret, ‘ Papaver Roubiaei ae —

— G. Rony, * Additions & a la Flore de France

8 lletin of Torrey Bot. Club. — G. Vasey, Cathtechum erectum
ak & ashe! (1 pl.). — George Engelmann (portrai B.
Ellis & B. M. Everhart, ‘New N. American Fungi’ (Peaieg {ues
gata, Schizorylon monoliferum, Leptospheria ck iat Spheri
Se Anthostomella ostiolata, Spheria aquatica, spp. nn.).

ra (Apr. 1),—K. B. J. Forssell, ‘ Lichenologische Untersuch-

wife ‘e *—(Apr. 11). A. Winkler, ‘Die Keimpflanze des /sopyrum

188 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

thalictroides’ (1 pl.). — P. Schulz, ‘ Anatomische Studien a a3
anomale Dickenwachstum von Bignonia aequinoctia alis.’ P. Blenk
‘Ueber die durchsichtigen Punkte in den Blattern.’ — (Apr. 21).
W. Nylander, ‘ Lichenes novi e Freto Be hringil. *— (May il). F.
Arnold, ‘ Die Lichenen des frankischen Jura.’ — (May 11).
Winter, ‘ ' Exotische Pilze’ (1 pl.). — J. Miller, “<Lichenologische
Beitrige.

Garden (May 8).— T. Moo beer of
Narcissi,’ — (May 10). Cian ein: fia eae (ic. xylog.).
Gardeners’ Chronicle (May 8). -—— Nepenthes cincta Mast. Primula

dolomitis Hort. Llewelyn [Baker] , Masdevallia anchorifera "Rehb. £.,
spp. nn. — M. T. Masters, Pseudolari« Kempferi (figs. 112, 118).—
Odontoglossum luteo “purpureum anf 114, 115). — J. L. Jensen,
‘The Potato Disease.’— (May 10). Dendrobium cruentum Rehb. f.,
n. sp., D. purpureum Roxb. var. (vel. n. sp.) Moseleyi Hemsl.,
Olearia tg Baker sp. — Exacum affine (fig. 116).
— T. Moore & P. Barr, ‘Nemmatdiata of Narcissi.’——J. L Jensen,
‘ The Potato Tiieato (conel.). — (May 17). Masdevallia flaveola

“ : t
Wilekeanum (fig. 122).+ (May 24). J. G. Baker, Lachenalia
fistulosa, L. lilacina, L. odoratissima, spp. nn

Journal of Linnean Society (No. 180, Ape: 26).— J. 8. Gardner,
cay ‘gear anti a fossil fruit from the London Clay of iia
ply.

uphorbiacee . R. Green, ‘Organs of Secretion in Hypert-
cacee’ (2 pl.).— (No. 181, Apr. 28). F. O. Bower, ‘On the
emme of Aulacomnion palustre.’ — H. Bolus, ‘ Contributions to

ginatum, Disa athe D. purpura scens, D. spies, D. lugens,
ticking Tysoni, Disperis 1 namaquensis, 8 i nn.). — J. G.
T

P.;
5 aaa M. C. Cooke, ‘ Structur e and Affinity of Spheria poeula”

(C. sulin oe eben — MS.), C. Ort C. Atkinsont, i
me MS8.),

a Natur alist—W. Hillhouse, ‘ The Intercellular Relations
of Prowplenta (1 pl.). — W. B. Grove, ‘On the Pilobolida.’
Nature (May 1). — F. Darwin, ‘The Absorption of Water by
Plants.’"—(May 22). H.M. Ward, ‘The Potétomeétre, for measuring
the transpiration of water by plants.’ —~ H. N. Moseley, ‘ Utricularia
vulgaris preying on fish,'

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 189

. Bot. Zeitschrift. — A. Gehmacher, ‘ Ueber den anato-
fen, en i einiger singe rego Korkhélzer.’ —- K. Polak,
‘ Hieracium crepidiflorum, sp. 1 . Formanek, ‘Flora der
Beskiden.’ — K. Untchj, ‘Flora von Fiume.’ —— J. B. iesbaur,
‘Bosniche Rosen.’ — P. G. cea cee = Kina’ (contd.).

Pha dene Journal (Ma y 3 W. Bennett, Beggiat oa
alba, the « “Sewa Crees ata 3 10), W: Kirkby, ‘Note on
Kamala.’ iss (May 1 7). W.T.T . Dyer, ‘ Waras.

Science-Gossip._-W. Roberts, Root action of Convallaria majalis.
pe Science Monthly. — G. C. Chisholm, ‘Lessons from common

an ie

Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh (xv., pt. 1).—R. Spruce, ‘ Hepatic
Da ccaion et Andi ine,’ pt. 1 (4 plates :

Trans. Linn. Soc. London (2nd &., t. 7). —H.N. Ridley,
‘The Cyperacea of the West Coast of “Airion in the Welwitsch
Herbarium ’ ( Acriulus, gen. nov.; 2 plates).

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

February 21, 1884.—Sir John Lubbock, Bart., President, in the
chair.—-Mr, Alfred Prentice Young, of Bombay, and Mr. D. Sullivan,
of Victoria, were elected Fellows of the Society. — Mr. R. Miller
Christy showed a a oteeiice of dried ee obtained by him in
Mantcc. Ro last summer. — Mr. W. T. T. Dyer exhibited and
made remarks on portions of wreaths from the coffin of the Princess
Uzi red of the XXI. Egyptian Dynasty.* — A paper was read
by Mr. H.N. Ridley, ‘On the Cyperacee of the West Coast of Africa
in the Welwi tsch Herbarium.” The author mentions po in the
collections there are 159 species of cyperaceous uate which
fifty-seven were not previously described. They belong to pe

two endemic. Of the species more than ee are exclusively
ican, and one- aes occur a also in S. America, but not in Asia.

. pa :
to both the continents only, we find it much smaller, ol ier ogi
Of the highest animals, according to Wallace, few gener
it th to om continents, but the insects of both ‘ts “alocely

* See Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 317,

od

190 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

of all the prairie grasses ; its leaves are preferred by buffaloes and

all domestic animals to any other—hence its common name 0

‘buffalo grass.” These seeds ripen during the latter half of se
e

about ten minutes, and the turns are usually eight or nine in
number. Above this portion is a straight, stiff, untwisted arm,
some two inches long, set at right angles when dry, but in the same
axis as the twisted portion when wet; having a number of very
minute teeth, it offers resistance to the grass or wool of animals,
which, in the straightening of the awn after being wetted, have the

are very similar to those of 8. pennata, as described by Dr. G. H.
arwin.— Mr. John Ball'gave the gist of his «* Contribution to the

: ; - Pat
with the Argentine flora, the much larger proportion of Rosace@ and
Graminee in the former region; and a complete absence of Malva-

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 191

ate 8. America, and the herba-
ceous vegetation of equal proportions of subtropical and S. American
mperate floras.
M

Dr. Aug. Burke Shepherd and Mr. James Dallas were elected
Fellows, and Mr. William Hodgson, of Cumberland, an Associate
of the Society.—Mr. J. Britten exhibited specimens of Lithospermum
purpureo-ceruleum, illustrating the life-history of the plan
cently described by Mr. J. W. White in the ‘Journal of Botany’
(p. 74). — Mr. . Bower drew attention to a figure published in
the ‘Gardeners’ Chronicle’ for March 1, representing a case o
proliferation of the so-called double needle of Sciadopitys verticillata.
e alluded to the various views which have been put forward as to

m, W
phylloclade is here developed in the normal manner; about one-
third from the base a leaf is given off similar to the needle of Pinus,
and without any emargination of the apex; higher up a second
similar leaf is given off from the opposite side, while the axis
continues its growth, and forms organs in a similar manner to any
main axis of the plant. Such proliferations were obtained by M.
Carriére from the apices of cones which had been grown through,

liferation may be readily explained as an example of continued
apical growth, accompanied by a displacement of the normall

more intense intercalary growth. In the normal condition this
growth is strongly localised below the apex of the axillary shoot.
In the abnormal example in question growth has been distributed

ere not observed
Alfred W. Bennett drew attention to specimens under the micro-
Scope of species of Ptilota and Callithamnion, which demonstrated
the continuity of the protoplasm.— The Secretary read an abstract
of an important contribution by Mr. C. B. Clarke, «On the Indian

192 '-LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Species of Cyperus, with remarks on some others that specially
illustrate the subdivisions ef ca genus.” The author divides his
memoir into three sec span :—l,a deporiphiys picket of each part
of a Cyperus, viz., the culm, inflorescence, &c., co mparing were
successively in all the Indian species ; 2. a discussion hs som
difficult species and disputed genera; 38, a systematic te
ment with descriptions of the Indian species, with short eet
of some non-Indian spevice that more particularly illustrate oe
subdivisions and groups. — Then followed a paper, ‘‘Notes 0
Afghanistan Algs,”’ i ‘Dr. Jules pita toaienias, founded 2
material derived from Surgeon-Major Stehison: 8 collection of
plants soy Sane the Afghanistan Expedition in 1880.

Mar H. T. Stainton, F.R.S., Vi eeadeae in tne chair.
Be Bin: Canon Jas. Baker, Mr. Wm. Brockbank, Mr. Robt.

Ti, au Edwd. A.

Society.—Mr. J. ts Baker showed and made remarks on a supposed
hybrid between the Oxlip (Primula elatior) and the Cowslip (P. veris).

—A paper > ageom DADS nied by many drawings, ‘‘ On the Hairs occurring
“on the Stamens of Plants,” ty Mr. Greenwood Pim, was read by
the pelnons The author observes that, while the leaves and
stems have had a due meed of attention paid to their hairs, the
staminal ones, on the contrary, have not been apes ——
though their eee are numerous.

or
eS
73
x)
n
©
5
o
3
2
=e
©
es
Be
>
a)
a
S
=
RE
g
a
~
ae
be
3
S.
3
=
=
~
oe
=
3
‘ro
'

cellular, simple, smooth ; Salvia, Adhatoda: (5) Ehion simple,
runes © or striate ; Anagallis, Goldfussia, Thunbergia: (6) pl icellular
and ne - : ' Browallia, and some forms of Salvia ‘@ pluri-
panic ast ith ‘glandular tip; ; Oxalis, Aischynanthus, Ganaee: (8)
mal fcelinis ; Couvolvulus, Ipomea, Lasiandra.—A paper was oe
the Life- -History of Afcidium bellidis,’ by Mr. Chas. B. Plow
right, and in which he gives the results of a series of experiments,
oe the date of infection and appearance of edo. He
differs in opinion from most of the British a continental authori-
ties who regard the Acidium of the Daisy as a variety 0
compositarum, while he himself demonstrates it to be a true hetero-
cismal uredine. — A communic wa d by Mr. F. Kitton,
“On some Diatomacea from the ialaaed of Socott, in which a num-

meadow rom among many of both the single and double forms
occurring there in every stage of growth. — —Mr. C. F. White read a
short note on pollen from Mummy Garlands. Some of the drie
charred-like phe ees and pollen of Papaver Rhwas were subjected to
microscopical investigation, showing that the pollen-grains freely
absorbed water, became swollen, and in other respects were e barely
to be differentiated from the pollen- grains of the recent Hepes

108

ON THE BRITISH DAFFODILS.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S. ‘

(Pare 247). Te ctl

I roox advantage of the opportunity of the great Daffodil Show
at South Kensington, held on the 1st of April under the auspices of
the Royal Horticultural Society, to ask the tei what they knew
At two forms which have pe: supposed to be British, which

im in his well-known Monogra oh of the Nan ‘cissinee whic
= Saal as a supplement to the fourth volume of Sweet’s ‘ British
r Garden’ in 1888. bie following is what Haworth says
eat fe four British forms :—

ee

oup Lutet, floribus plerumque luteis, seepe TO:
rarissime preld Pe albicantibus, corona plus minusve

7 Sub-grou up tSerricorone, statura mediocri, corona minus pro-
funde serrata seu crenata quam in sequentibus

. “13. Pseudo-narcissus A. (the garland), scapo ancipiti tereti-
usculo obs striato; corolle laciniis pallide sulphureis, exterioribus
lanceolato- -ellipticis tubum vix sae es ; corona lutea ore recto
crenatim serrato ge aa lacinia Linn. » p. 414.

“ Ajax Magagiok Ree n Hort. Tr. v. 243. Narcissus Pseudo-
narcissus, Eng.

** Sub-group Hidaer -corone, mediocres, lobis integrioribus

“16. lobularis A. (Tenby 6-lobed D affodil), corolle jacinitg
luteis tubo obconico exacte duplo longioribus; corona perlutea
patula steady (lobis integris) laciniis tres lineas superante.
No b. in Phil. Mag. May, Ree 31.

‘This 8 grows wild n ar Te enby, in Pembrokeshire, which by

ae was written Truby, in Derbyshire, in the place above
ci

*B. ? Bee pe
seep as a wild bulb from Devonshire, with
double flowers, aera ffsets bearing for the three last years
pai: pace! single ones. as its source pape ? + would form
@ good species with the following essential characters :—
orolle laciniis ovato-acutis valde imbrieantiba lateis, tubo
sesquilongiore ; corona we |e agate asl a apic cem Rash

pee (the Soa deep ‘alloy double een):
. «hi? Scapo compresso ancipite.torto alte striato, co-
roll lain aaa hein. ellipticis sulphnreit 5 tei longe superanti-
8, corona lutea, ore magno expanso insciso presse! ruguloso.
Forte propria species. Hxemplariam unum solum navi.
mbricus A. (the recurving-lobed), calle pa luteis
juste or Borany,—Von, 22. [Juny, 1884.] )

194 ON THE BRITISH DAFFODILS.

ovato-acuminatis tubo tertio parte longioribus, corona perlutea
alte sexlobata, lobis patulis vix rugosiusculis plicato-crenatis
recurvantibus
ommunicavit amicus Dom. Penny, fine Martii, 1831.
‘* Habitat in Cambria. _ species, vel fortasse precedentis
age soak Florem unum marcescentem solum vidi.

« Sub p tttIncisilobe. ane ores et maximi, corone lobis
peohundin. ristike sex, semper plus minus irregulariter laciniato-
SeErats, seu crenatis.

4. Major A. (the great), corolle perlutes ee patulis,
corona patentissima amplissima, lobis omnium maxim recurvis
subundato crenatis; foliis kinissimis spicalibus.”

All these four were abundantly represented at the show, and
the futlowing were the notes I made upon the specimens whieh
begged from the renee particularly Mr. Dillwyn Llewelyn and
Mr. Barr, to take hom

Pseudo-narcissus. — Peduncles much more slender than in
sag Mid about a foot long. Tube of perianth 3 in. long, half an inch

arr, with lobularis, later than cambricus, earlier than major.

2. lobularis. — Dwarfest of the four. Tube of the perianth
4-8 in. long, and the same ee at fare were segments
lemon-yellow, spreading; 2-1 in. long, oad. Corona
orange-yellow, just Rees de i ee in dength, deeply
6-lobed; lobes erect, 4 in. deep, 4-4 in, broad, their ma rgin
crisped, ‘and minutely crenate.

cambricus. — eae: about jeanally ren as in pseudo-
Perianth with a . long, 2 in. diameter at the
thivek not so green as in air per ‘ele edi rat segments
oblong, lemon-yellow, 1} in. long, } in. broad. Coron a 1} in.
long, orange-yellow, 14 in. diameter at the throat; alge rather
spreading, 6-lobed, but not so deeply as in /obularis ; the lobes

4. major. — Taller and more robust than the others; peduncle
often 14-2 ft. long. Perianth sor Py ee 3 in. long; segme ents
oblong, lemon-yellow, 14 in. lon . broad. Corona orange-
yellow, 14 in. long, much lees distnatly 6. lobed than in lobularis,
the margin crisped and copiously inciso-crenate. It flowers the
latest of the four.

Ps
which occurs so Seatais at the lakes and <ihas Caton ae

cape.
tinguish cambricus clearly from seat oneen tk either of the two from
obvallaris. Mr. Brockbank tells me that lobularis at the present
day is plentiful as a wild plant in South Wales, extending over an
area of twenty miles from Tenby westward across country to

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI. 195

_ Haverfordwest and St. Bride’s Bay, but that it is regarded by the

country people as an introduction brought in either by the
Fl or the ‘‘Spanish Armada.” But if it be inbsoden
in Wales, its native home still remains to be found, for, as far as
know, neither pesmi cambricus, or lobularis are known on the
Continent. I ex the N. pseudo-narcissus var. Bromfieldii of
Syme is ——— ‘Z same thing. In Mr. Barr
the bulbs of lobularis, pseudo-narcissus, and major are quoted at

readers who want to grow the four for himself side by side can do
so for an outlay of fifteenpence and postage.

247.— Fig. 1. Narcissus major. 2. N. lobularis (side and front view).
Seo. pssled: narcissus.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.
By W. B. Grove, B.A.
(Concluded from p. zs

6. Hypomyces Baryanus Tul. Ann. Se. Nat.. ser. iv. xiii. A
(1860); Sel. Fung. Carp. iii, 59 (1865) ; grrr Mich.
(1878); Cooke, Grev. xii. 108 (1884

Parasitic within the gills (and more sparingly within the —_
and pileus) of Nyctalis parasitica. _Macroconidia
solitary, acrogenous or mesogenous, oblong-oval, smooth, hidwinid:
paler at each extremity, 16-20 » x 1

Yyctalis, which occurred on Russula adusta, Solihull; New

contorted. In a more advanced stage, a stem and ne beneath

n

affected with the one and others with the other

parasite. The ordinary description of the gills of N. parasitica is

founded upon affected specimens; the normal gills ~ a

17. Ascobolus pring asses Boud. See Midl. vi. 164, for

description.— On cow dung, bya: Orton (Wk.); Hashes Ws i
)

* Perichena ober. 88al Lib. ; ; he oke, Myxom. p. — On dead
wood, Sutton (Wk.), October. Remarkable for its flatly-convex

lid with an elevated margin, like that of a raised pie

* Septoria dianthi Desm.; Mich. i. 187. — This is ; mentioned by
name (Grey. y. 70) as British, but not described. The following
ng hee is drawn - from my apecin as

urple b order; sistaea cere numerous,
thitate, st black, with the cuticle forming a raised white spot

196 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI,

in the centre of each, at length broadly perforate; spermatia
slender, cylindrical, flexuous, hyaline, continuous, 85-40 wx Bbw,
On leaves of Dianthus barbatus, Rednal (Ws.), September.

CYLINDRIUM (Bonorpen) Saco.
Spores simple, elongate-cylindrical, concatenate, obtuse at each
ii (1880).

new genus, Septocylindrium, for them.” This has since been done,

8. Cyiixprrum Corp mihi (nec Sacc.).—Fusidium cylindricum
Corda, Icon. i. 8, pl. 1, fig. 52 (1887) ; non Fuckel, Symb. 871, nec
alt

rum.

Tufts minute, white, confluent in small roundish patches ;
chains of spores short, erect, frequently branched ; spores cylin-
drical, truncate at each end, colourless, 20-22 px pe Tle
246, f. 2). :

but are undoubtedly identical. Saccardo’s C. Corde is a species

Ital. fig. 995; see Mich. ii. 549)
which is found on living, but faded leaves of Lapsana communis.
The same habitat given by Fuckel (J. c.), which is also that of the
Fusidium cylindricum recorded as British (Grev. iv. 120), shows
that these must be referred to the Ramularia. It should be noted
that all figures of Fusidium or Cylindrium like Corda’s (1. ¢.)} which
show the spores loosely heaped on the surface of the leaf, do not
represent the growing state, which is as I have drawn it, but as it
looks when beaten down by the weather.

PARASPORA, gen. nov. }{

Mucedinea, micronemea, saprophila. Spore septate, mycelio
tenui repenti insidentes, fasciculate. :
. tParaspora triseptata, sp. n. — P. alba, sporis oblongis,
basi oblique apiculatis, hyalinis, triseptatis. (Tab. 246, f. 9).
On dead (Wk.), mber. T

{ mapa, side by side; cope, a spore.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI. 197

*Helicomyces roseus Link; Cooke rege ii. 189. (1874);
Saccardo, Mich. ii. 287 ; Fung. Ital. fig. 813 (18

ccurring in thin wide- spreading rosy dag ss violet aes
Hyphe present, but very short, bearing near the ape two
long, slender, multi nucleate, at length multiveptate, ony yar
which taper at each end.

On the ae of dead bark, Sutton (Wk.), February. ai
150-200 » x 4°5 p», at first closely coiled in a ae spiral, 30 u
huninkar of about three turns, singly colourle

Ovularia spheroidea Sace. Fung. Tial. ne 979 (1881).—
Ramularia satu anon Mich. i. 180 (1878

‘« Tufts between erumpent and see white, velvety, hypo-

phyllous ; Seats fasnenlage: filiform, 40-50 » x 8 y, tortuose,
remotely denticulate above, hyaline; pee arising from the teeth,
globular, 8-9 » in diameter, more rarely 8 » Xx 7 p, at the base
shortly and obsoletely apiculate, ae Mich. l.c. (Tab.
246, f. 1

=e lower surface of living leaves of Lotus corniculatus,
Solihull and Berkswell (Wk.), August. Forming small r
patches, surrounded b narrow brown border. Hitherto only
found near Berlin, 1869 and 1875. Ovularia is pelgisces! dis-
tinguished from Ramularia by its short and non-septate spor

21. Botrytis coccotricha Sace. Mich. i. 270 (1878) ; ae “Thal.
fig. 694 (1 881).

Tufts densely crowded in diffused dirty ferruginous pene
Hyphe more or less pigs eee branched, tufted, 200-400 » x
6-7 », hyaline, here and there swollen; spor es usually rarer se
the tapering apices of the ranches. ovoid or Foe ish, 25-

a -18 of perfectly smooth, at first granular, ferruginous bee
(Tab

n gies chips, Crackley Wood, Kenilworth (Wk.), July. My
pecimens were beaten down by the weather, but are doubtless
identical = ace got; species. papier en dichotomum Preuss
(St : :

—V.
niveum ; peo acillimo, intricate Seok hyphis "fertilibus
sat brevibus, hyalinis, resis fere e eylindricis, remote septatis ;
a verticillatis, quaternis ternisve, rectis, simplicibus, cylin-

apice sporas 3-5 ( aha sittaains. ania) gerentibus;
seeks oblongis, hyalinis, 7-8 » longis. (Tab. 246, f. 7).

On Mycena, with Mucor Ceca, Middleton (Wk.), October.
Stem about 1-100th inch high. Mycelium forming a thin cottony
layer on the pileus and gills. This had the appearance of being a
Pe ap, ahr state of the Mucor. It resembles V. cylindrosporum
Corda (Icon. i. fig. 275), but the spores are much smaller, usually
quaternate, and oblong, not cylindrical. Stachylidium ayaricinuwn

198 . NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.

Fr. Syst, Mye. iii. 8392, from the ae appears to be very
similar; whether identical or not I cannot say, but, even if so, the
name must be changed, as there are miseady two plants called
Verticillium agaricinum (Corda, Icon. ii. fig. 68; and Cooke, Grev.
i. 184

ARTHROBOTRYS Corva (1840). {

Mucedineo Hyphe erect, simple, sel Saeed nodulose ; nodules
warted, Dearing, clusters of spores. Spores didymous, apiculate at
the base. Corda, Flor. Mue. p. 48.

Piscagiiihied from Gonatobotrys by cri dee spores.

23. Arthrobotrys oligospora Fres. Bei r Myk. p. 18, pl. 3,
figs. 1-8 (1850); Kee aipe Handb. p. 505" ass De es & Wor
Beitr. ser. 3, pp. 29-82, pl. 6, figs. 8-23 (18

Fertile hyphe ieee "aise, hyaline, Soc ae septate, simple,
bearing at intervals, or often at the top only, swellings covered with
little warts, on each of which ig an obovate, uniseptate, enucleate
spore, with a very short pedicel. 2 ees 36 p» long (Fres.), 28-34 p-
x 19-22 » (mihi). (Tab. 246, f.

n a tuft of Sphagnum, ar to a patch of Sordaria jimeti,
— (Wk.), April. Stem about 200-800 ce hig

a

under which I was growing both S. jimiseda and s. If,
therefore, it is a conidial stage of one of ei the s Dpability is
that it proceeded from the former. Coemans and Saccardo unite
this with A. superba Corda; but it differs tot only in the small
eiiber of spores, but also in their much la Soe size, and, if
Corda’ s drawing (J. c. pl. 21) be correct, in their

‘ PRISMARIA Preuss See
Mucedineous. Stem erect, simple, continuous. Spores apical,

eae continuous (?) or indistinctly setate: prismatic (Sturm.,
Vi.

I have e slightly altered the generic character, so as to include
the species described below
24.

rismaria furcata, s , n.—P. sparsa vel gregaria, alba;

€

rotundatis, sursum sensim oe “byaln inconspicue multi-
septatis, multinucleatis, 60-100 p Tab. 246, f. 4).

n decaying wood, Sutton Wh) November. Preuss (I. ¢.)

; hi

t.
spores, I should not ee to form a new genus, Prismina, for
the reception of this

t apbpor, a joint; (2érpus, a bunch of grapes.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI. 199

DACTYLELLA, gen. nov.}

Mucedinea, macronemea, saprophila. Hyphe fertiles erectius-
cule, simplices. Spore elongate, solitarie acrogene, pluriseptate.

a to Dactylium, bat differing in the solitary spores.

ella minuta, sp. n. — D. sparsa, alba; hyphis
fertilibus cylindricis, pees hyalinis, simplic ibus, apice in
sporas singulas, yar a perfecte hyalinas, multiseptatas, eva-
dentibus. (Tab. 246, f. 6).

On dead ee ira (Wk.), February. Stem 120-150p high;
spores 60-70 » x 14-15 p, with 6-8 septa. This species closely
resembles Fees ied candidum Nees (Bonord. Handb. p. 82, fig. 189),
but differs in the form of the spores, if Bonorden’s figure be correct,
and in their constant position as a continuation of the stem. It is
certainly not congeneric with Dactylaria purpurella Sace. (Fung.
Ital. fig. 8).

.26. Bispora pusilla Sace. Mich. i.78; Fung. Ital. fig. 21 (1877).

“Kffused, black; hyphex short, filiform, ascending, pallid;
conidia arising from the apex, rei into rather long, rarely
branched chains, ovoid, rounded at each end, not truncate, 6-8 p
X 8°5-4°5 p, in the middle os and opaquely 1-septate, not or
hardly constricted, dark brown.”’—Mich.

n hard dry wood, Sutton (Wk.), Seka 51st. a
om B. monilioides by its smaller and not truncate spor

*Sporodesmium § lobatum B. & Br. ‘ Handbook,’ p. 485, On the
outer surface of the scales of fir-cones, Barnt Green (Ws.), March.

STACHYLIDIUM Linx (1809).||

Dematioid. Hyph erect, subverticillately pence spores
ere cer on the apices of the branches, globose oid
nus, which includes one species, 8S. belong rachis d by
Berkeley” (Eng. Fi. v. 341) from San and Margate, seems
since to have dropped out of the British a
. |Stachylidium cyclosporum — Ramis ramulosis,
apices “hyalinas acutis; sporis perfecte Bioboalé
On a rotting stick in a hedge, King’s Heath (Ws.), March.
I was at first inclined to regard this as a variety of S. haere
(Sace. bors ltal. fig. he but the differences seem sufficient for

pl , 2-25 p dl
little mucus, near ne mn AT Forming a greyish mealy patch.
* Helminthosporium folliculatum Corda, var. 8. brevipilum, Icon.

t Diminutive from dactylus, daxTurcs, a finger.
§ Not Sporidesmium, which is erroneously formed.
| Diminntive (?) from eraxvs, an ear of corn.

900 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY FUNGI.

ii: p. 18, fig. 60 (1888); Bucknall, Fung. Brist. Distr. pt. v. p. 5,
pl. 2, fig. 5. — H. foll. ae — Sace. Mich. ii. 174 (1880).

Hyphe shorter than in the type, 50-60 p» x 6-8 p, qui uite simple,
nearly straight. pie ore cylindrical, semipellucid, about
12-septate, 50-70 p X 10-11 »; septa rather indistinct.

On dead wood, Sutton (Wik.), May. Saccardo’s name is in-
appropriate - the variety is not confined to herbaceous stems.

opaloides Fresen. Beitr. zur Mykol. p. 50, pl. 6, figs.

15-21 (1 859) ; Vize, ‘ Plants of sagt Cooke, ‘ Grevillea,’ v. 58
(1876) ; ‘Black Moulds,’ pl. 24, fig. 8 (1877); exs. ii. 448; Sace.
Mich. i. 538 (1879), ii. 173 ( 1880) ; int Ttal. fig. 881 (1881).

Hyphe often trifurcate ea ‘fo rked, or simple, 120-180 p x
9-10 ». Spores somewhat clavate, 10-11-septate, 80-90. x 10-12,
with an oil-globule in each cell; cae ed subhyaline.

On iio: stems, Blackwell (Ws. ), M

28. H. obelavatum Sacc. Mich. i. 85 ner); Fung. Ital. fig. 52
Sgt SS

with few septa, dar “brown, peone solitary, per io
obclavate, attenuated upwards, rounded and subhyaline at apex,
with 12-16 septa, tak trait 80- 100 p xX 20. (Tab. 246, f. 8).

On chips, Sutton (Wk.), September—Ma y-

*H. stemphylioides Corda, Mucedin. pl. 4, sub Helmisporio (1840);
Cooke, Blk. Moulds, p. 250, pl. 24, ri 2 (1877); Stevenson, Mye.
Scot. p. 271 (1879).

On chips, Sutton (Wk.), February. Occurring in dc
fasciculate, scattered tufts, mixed with H. obclavatum. This

true Helminthosporium, nor is it allied to preteen gee
closely, but rather to that section of Sporodesmium which Co oke e has
separated (‘ Greyillea,’ xii. 85) under the name of Bactrodesmwum ;
in fact, it bears a great resemblance to S. abruptum B. & Br., the
type of Cooke’s genus, except in the longer stem
e A Fusisporium cereale} Cooke, Grev. vi. 189 (1878), from
ori

‘i culms besos of wheat, Witton (Wk.), September. Ae

246 16 0).

1
: : r. 0
(1818); Corda, Weitenweber Beitr. p. 85; Sacc. Mich. 1. 886
1881). = vulgare Corda, Icon. i. p. 5, fig. 90, pro parte Gite

“Seated on a purplish spot. Stroma convex, oblong, blood-
wiseat ae blackish; spores crowded, globose, reticulate, brown;
areole marked i in the middle aa a popes wart ; pedicels attenuated,
white, transparent.’’—Corda, Ico

On dead asparagus-stems, Bagbaston (Wk.), Napier Spores
18-20 ». Forming deep black patches, on a coloure d spot

} I’x errore cerealis in orig.

o P
A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE. 201

a SCRIPTION OF PLATE
Prater 245. — Fig. 1. Pacciata e@gra, sreireaaedl with one uredo-spore
x 250. 2. Peronospora ee fertile hyphs and spores ee: 50. 3. Pilobolus
P, bi OO. $"P

pus, sp 5 i, spores x 5 Kleinii, forma
spheérospora, spores 660. 6. Pilaira Cesatii; a, a Phe e dehiscing in
Wi 0; b, spor 00. P. dimidiata; a, plant with young sporange
x 80 ature sp ge 0;_¢, spo ; d, columell 120

on . Sporodt randis ; n
broken up, leaving the columella exposed x 60; 0, optical section of asi ge
x 120; c, spores x 220. gee Chetocladium Brefeldii ; a, tuft adhering to a stem
idi li,

of Thamnidium x 50; of . branch x 480; c, spores x 500. Pipto-
cephalis Fres Secs a, fertile hypha x 12; 3, first fork of the stem, showing
the pseudo-striations x 250; c, end of bran h x 250; d, head with young

sporangia, seen italy, and the same in plan % 500; e, chains of spores and
single soa s x 500.

Prate 246. ri 1. Ovularia spheroidea; a, hyphe with spores x 500.
2, Cylindrium aoe x 80; a, chains of spores and single spores x 500.
4 Arthrobotrys aligoopora 100; a, apex of fi! hs x 200; ; 6, spore x 500.

4. Prismaria furcata x 160; a, spore x 500. 5. Botrytis rr pe unusual
for orm x 500. 6. Dactylella minuta x 80; a, spores x 500. Verticillium
paiteonctonn Xx 250; a, spores x 500. 8. Helminthosp coli a x 250.
9. Para aspera triseptata x 500. 10, Fusisporium cereale, spores x 500. 11. Asco-

500.

A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.
By Pror, Fsprrico Parippr :

Wuen I arrived aa nearly thirty years ago, I knew the plants
of the desert of Atacama better than those of the central and

of Val divia, where I passed many years, studying the flora as much
as ny time allowed, and it was not until last year I could follow

my wishes = visit the ts of Coquim

I started with my son the stuffer of the museum on the
17th of ante 1888, at 8 ry ere in the evening, in the steamer
‘Serena,’ for the port of Coquimbo. The voyage was of no interest,

— eather fine and clear, so that we could see the coast perfectly

ong
Leugua d suis in front of the bay of Tongoh, | in which
end we sai ae ee houses of the little city of Tongoi, the port

202 A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.

for the famous copper-mines of Tamaya, with which it is united by
a railway. Then we passed in front of the bay of Herradura
(Horse-shoe Bay), with Herradura on its southern and Guayacan
on its northern end, and having rounded another small and hilly
point we entered the port of Coquimbo. Coquimbo is situated at
the south side of a large semicircular bay, closed to the south by
the before-mentioned point, to the north by the far point, Teatinos ;
and north-east from Coquimbo are visible the towers and higher
parts of Serena, the chief city of the province. We disembarked

immediately, and went by the next train to Serena.
oquimbo is a little city of only a few streets parallel to the
sides of the square and in part to the shore, having at its back a
low hill of limestone, which shelters it against the south wind.
e hill ends with the last houses; from there begins as far as

accompanied by a friend, Mr. Minnich, to whom I am mu
obliged for his aid and kind services, taking our way across the
river Coquimbo, which runs north of Serena, very close to 1t. In

passed, on the north side of the river, first through a long alley of
and then

ascended a low hill, level and nearly bare on the top at first ies

d
vegetation-—tufts of Cactus, consisting of Cercus quisco ?, Eulychina
eburnea (Salm.) Ph., an Hchinocactus growing in e ,
to fifty individuals being agglomerated together, and in the midst 0

eee

* The only species of this genus in South America, found from the Pacific a
the Atlantic Ocean, and from New Granada to the Straits of Magellan. It is oe
largest tree in the province of Coquimbo, where it grows in nearly all wet aD
low places, and attains sometimes enormous dimensions. It should properly
bear the name of S. chilensis Mol,

A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE. 2038

these plants grew an Opuntia with small, plain-like segments and
orange-coloured flowers. There were bu shes of a seer ee
from a low stem putea cm. high, and not surpassing 5

ipickziee ss, spread out veral bra. ree: inclined upwards, then
nearly Loren: rarely a little Sanihed, sored as the stem with a
reddish gr y bark, without any leaf, full of small tubercles all

_ In little crevices and at the end of the plain grew
e shrubby Heliotropes with milk-white flowers, ee
stenophyllum DC. var. glabrum, Eupatorium foliolosum DC., the
red Pleocarphus revolutus Don, Kncelia tomentosa Wa Ip. "Chori.
aanthe glabrescens een at agonia chilensis Hook. & Arn. anid epetees
of Dolia without flow We found no herbaceous plants, but, to
judge Pessie the dry Sethe, &e., on the sorted and what the people
= me, sarc must exist in spring, when the winter has been rainy
nough, a very abundant and pretty herbaceous vegetation, partly
of estas, ‘eatlly of bulbous plants, with brilliant flowers, amongst
em many Amaryllidee.

We descended soon into a narrow sandy pormeds with the ground
here and there wet, and we found here Lippia canescens Kth.
Malva sulphurea Cay., a low ‘Faians with large flowers (for the
genus), probably Weaatetidnh Gay. On downs at our left grew a
Lylloma, and a Chetanthera with white rays. Several huts and
houses lie in this alley, but we passed it in half an hour without

we met with one specimen of Ghanian pedunculare Lindl. w
flower, and Eugenia —— Barn., a shrubby myrtle of sacl
50 cm. high. In the sandiest places were growing
Cactee, two species of Cerets, one Opuntia, and the neonate
Echinocactus, but nearly entirely without flowers. Near the sea
grew some half shrubs with fleshy leaves, but without flowers,
probably belonging to the Nolanacee

m our return to Serena we followed the sandy shore, which is
Separated from the land by low wave e-like hea aps va sand, bn ar and

Tetragonia maritim ar., Dolia prea es this last
forming thickets of about 1 m. sei and of Samalenaiis extent.
At three o’clock we came to the mouth of the River Com

which is here but a small creek with clear water, and which w
passed easily, following on ne south Hove upwards to Serena. is
e vt hogen we found the com on flor: f such ee ee mi only

~

204 A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.

similar to a Pentstemon, 14 m. high, covered with rose-coloured
flowers, ~~ a large Astragalus with pale yellow flowers.

Th two days I was occupied with the drying of the plants,
so that I al not move from Serena; but my son went with the
stuffer up to the plain above Serena, and brought me several
eas plants, pectin’ them Cesalpina angulicaulis Clos., two

3 of Chorizanthe, different shrubby Synantheree, Oxalis gigantea

aie and a nice little Ovalis with a thick fle mas oy and only
flowers, entirely without leaves, which I think new; Plumbago
caerulea ., and large specimens of Heliotropium curassavicum

i. stenophyllum DC., and a woody Atriple
On the 24th we started with the train aa Ovalle, where I
wished to examine the northernmost forest of Chile, called Frai
Jorge. We started at eight o’clock, and went first to Coquimbo;
then the line runs to the east, and — southwards, crossing
the mountain of Las Cardas. From Serena to the foot of Las
Cardas the line passes through a peal eects covered with
shrubby vegetation. Near Coq exiibe grow Heliotropium _ steno-
phyllum, Pleocarphus, Argemone mexicana ; farther on the vegetation
consisted of Haplopappus, Brachyris, Chaguir aga, and such things ;
grow many vee form: ing here and =

whose red flowers were brilliant like fire. “On some spe grow
Muhlenbeckia bails Meisn., Cestrum Parqui Hér., Colliguaya odort-
fera Mol., Lithrea venenosa Miers, Flourensia thurifera DC., wh icl

Before we ascended Las Cardas I obtained a to stand
on the platform before the engine, and so I could see the line and
the vegetation along it. The line panels man : eae in its
ascent, and one might think more than once to enter again the
station of Las Cardas; but it goes slowly but steadily upwards, on
one place with an ascent of 1 in 20, until the top is reached. As
the tram runs very slowly, I could observe well the =
which is formed be Cordia decandra H. & Arn. covered with m

snow-white blossoms, Fuchsia rosea R ” Cusateiah a cuiicuadl
Clos, a shrubby Adesmia, a white ee oxi Azara (if I saw well),
a Co lstin, many Ovxalis gigantea Barn., Fabiana shrubs

Descending from the top we entered a valley running south, with
i } ia Cavent

A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF OHILE. 205

was the same, and uninteresting. In Higueritas enters a branch
of railway from the mining district of Panulcillo, not far from here.
Having passed the little village Angostura, the line abandons the
valley and descends to the River Limari, following its northern _
to the village Huamalata, where it ends, nearly a league dista

from Ovalle. The stations between Coquimbo and Huamalata a
only some houses, <— Penon, from where coaches run to Anda-
colla, famous for its gold-mines, and Angostura, south of Las
Ca rdas. Characteristic of this part of Chile are be heaps of copper-
ore in many stations, which seem to be established only for
embarking Pe ores. At Huamalata an old ane was waiting
for me, viz., Don Amable Caballero, of Ovalle, who had a carriage

Ov. s situated in the valley of the River Limart, at the foot
of the hills bordering it on the north side, at some distance from
the river itself, and makes an agreeable impression when one sees
it from the surrounding hills. We spent here three days, tain the

The vegetation around Ovalle is of two kinds, shat of the valley
and that of the hills. The valleys of the rivers in this —

turned off by the channels for irrigation, winds from one side to
the other; the ground is formed of pebbles of different size inter-
Mixed with sand, and only on the foot of the hills there is a strip
of ground formed of com samen soe and arable, and, notwith-

i thas part show amongst many other ie the

tnlerosting flim rostrata Lindl., Dolia vermiculata Lindl., D. salso-
loides Lindl., a shrubby Atriplew, pete divaricata Moq., “lye
chilense cee L. rachidocladum Dun., everal Hreakeniee,

ay

Arn, y
ayacea, Vassomollen chilensis Planch., shel “¢ palo gordo”’
(fat stick) by the people. The pelo apie is a rather curious plant,

. high, the stem about 20 em. thick, abundantly branched,
With a grey epidermis, smooth as Pe and fall of a hick white
milk ; in this time it bears only its small unisexual flowers, but no

ce

206 A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.

leaves at all; these appear only in spring-time, falling down as
soon as the dry season begins. On the level parts at the foot of
bs hills grows also the Duvaua dependens DC., which attains here

much larger size than I ever have seen in the south, and is here
coiled “Molle.

We started on the 28th at —— five in ome morning, accom-
panied by M. _ aballero and a son of S. Barrios Don Belisario,
who were kind enough to ace Ro omay us as gui ie e road runs
for nearly two ioae in the valley of the Limari, offering nearly
nothing of interest, as we passed all that time between mud walls,
which are = in use for enclosing the fields; then we ascended
some 6 to 7 m. to the plain at the foot of the hills north of the river,
and followed thie until midday ; and we had from this part a nice
view over the green valley of the Limari, with its plantations 05
houses, making such a fine contrast wit th the barren hills on
sides of the seals on which the eye finds only here and ire i

-them a a

At nine o’clock the plain at the foot of the hills became broader
and dryer, and from oe we found many places covered with
different Crista @, and a spiny Adesmia 14-2 m. high, also very
— This oidaeaih: is ted called ‘ Barilla, ” the general name
for all the Adesmias in the north, and although it is similar to
Adesmia arborea Bert., the commonest kind of this vast genus near
aa its habit is quite different, and it may easily be a distinct

ort
sonth al the paar several little villages and hamlets, nearly all
ith 3 a church in the centre, consisting mostly of we. and of ten
ich

From eleven ‘a: hree o’clock ee rested at the house of a relation

of M. Belisario Benne who attended us with the proverbial
hospitality of the north. From ner house, called Pepe: be
left the valley of _ river to our left, internating us im

mountain. unted in a narrow valley until we reached & a
kind of plateau, perhaps 100 m. over the valley of the imari, a

followed it for e time w aba descended then into another
valley running likewios north to south, and crossed then a range of

The hills tartans pcre and the eastern foot of Frai Jorge
show on the plain above a scarce and poor vegetation, nearly —
entirely formed of low shrubs of the Composite, some Ephedras —
nearly destroyed by grub, and Adesmias, which became very ape

A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE. 207°

quent near Frai Jorge, —— Eulychnia, Opuntia and a few
Echinocactus, amongst them some very large specimens of the
Sandillon, ‘lgsage Sandillon Ph. which attains sometimes nearly
1m. diameter and 80 cm. height. The flora in the little ravines and
on the Gidvee of the hills is more interesting, for it contains, paren
already mentioned plants, “ Carbon”’ (Cordia), ‘ Palo blan

(Fuchsia rosea R. & P.),“‘ Monte gordo” ( Vascoruckea), Sphacele Linde
Bth., called ‘‘ Salvia,” some Proustia and Aster bre eviflorus Ph., called
“Bscabiosa,” In the second valley we found a ae little gt
formed of Maytenus and Duvauca estou and fart
some distance could be distinguished the summits of eoller wena;
the sure indication of he ptr apie in the littoral half of
Coquimbo. Whilst the firs ie io of our ride was through com-
ay populated land, the second half was through a desert,
because there were only a few fina near Algarrobo, and between
thet and = foot of Frai Jorge we passed only one hut in the
second va

The hanede of Frai Jorge are situated at the eastern foot of the
granitic mountain of the same name, in a nearly broad valley, and
are surrounded by fruit-trees of different kinds; behind the house
is a little ‘swamp, which gives rise to a sma current of water, by
which it is possible to have some cultivation. At the lower part of
the swamp near the house is a cluster of Arundo Dona full grown,
and the upper end of the swamp is full of splendid ~ saan of the
Panguo, Gunnera chilensis Lam., with leaves mo oad,
some reaching a diameter of nearly 2m rst tase. we "aid
on arriving at the house was to ask for the lee of Frai Jorge, and
we were told to look up the hill to the west; we saw its summit
covered with dense but interrupted clouds of fog, and on the clear
places we could well distinguish the long-searched-for forest of

oe

‘I s much interested to know Frai Jorge from my own exami-
nation, hoa. I had received the most Lg ogerengienss information,
not only about its situation,—being put by some north, by others
South of Limari,—but also about its aap some people had ee
me that the wood contained “ Roble”’ (Fa gus obliqua Mirb.) a
‘‘Reuli” (Fagus procera Poepp.), both plants which do not -
north of 38° of south latitude.

€ next morning we looked first at the top of Frai Jorge, but
found it decrwes4 hidden by a fog which hung far down on the slope
of the mountain, and which lasted the whole day. Seeing that the
Weather ae not change, we mounted on horseback, and started
at nine o’clock. We went round the swamp behind the house,
Which contained out of the already mentioned Gunnera the most
common swamp plants, Scirpus, Malacochete, Cotula coronopifolia i.
and similar things, and many Frankenias, here called « Sosa” : then
We passed a little hill and went into the narrow valley, Las Vacas,
€ we met with Mryngium paniculatum Lar., and as with
slender branches and bright leaves, bearing black fruit and pale
bluish flowers, which was called ‘‘ Uvillo” by our companions. At
first I could not make out what it might be, but soon I recognised

208 A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.

it to be the very interesting Monttea chilensis Clos., considered by
some botanists as a Solanacea, by others as an anomalous Big-
noniacea, which I never had seen before, except in dry specimens.
In the coarse sand at the bottom of the valley grew species of
Tylloma and Gnaphalium.

From here we began to ascend to Frai Jorge, whose height I
estimate to be from 1000 to 1200 m., where we arrived at 11 o’clock.

this part of the road we found many Adesmia, the same as the
day before, Hupatorium Salvia Colla, Fuchsia rosea, two species of
Proustia, and many frutescent Synantheree, amongst them Haplo-
pappus foliosus DC., Gochnatia pyrifolia Don, Tylloma glabratum

Pilostyles Berterii Guill., and we succeeded and found two or three
specimens. This is a true parasite, living in the bark of Adesmia,
and showing nothing more than its little purple flowers, which
come out of fissures in the bark. I thus found at last a plant
for which I had looked since my arrival in Chile in nearly every
arborescent Adesmia I met in the many voyages and botanical
excursions I had made. At eleven o’clock we reached the moun-

A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE. 209

recalling B. Darwinii Hook., but new, alow Ribes, and many patches
of Margyricarpus setosus R. & P, ., which was scarce on the slope and
only found near the height, Hupatorium — Bolla, and L. glecho-
nophyllum Less., formed here the flora; so that it —— partly
like the flora of tho centre, partly like that of the south.

en we entered the wood, which consisted shady of Aextowi-
cum punctatum R. & P., of big but not very high oe
eastwards by the sea- breeze, and branches almost from the bas
In the midst of these rants xbanaielys young plants of the ‘“ Canelo,”
Drimys chilensis DC. The borders of the wood were formed by two spe-
cies of myrtles new to me, called ‘‘Roble”’ and ‘‘ Roblecillo,” Cithare-

lon cyanocarpu , Kageneckia oblonga R. & P., and Azara
microphylla Hook. f. The w 0 th water, the

Sag densely covered with mosses, and on the stems and larger
anches grew a thick emeeye? of lichens, both identical with
acs of Valdivia. We found also a Loasa, perhaps acanthifolia
Lam,, but onl with one “faded flower ; Merunn depressa Banks, a
little Pwoiorsis with whorls of bright green leaves, and the following
Valdivian ferns :—Phegopteris spectabilis Fée, Asplenium magellanicum
Kaulf., Blechnum ciliatum Presl, Goniophlebium synammica, Fée, G.
californicum Fée, and Aspidiwm coriaceum Sw. On a place where a
ittle s ane arose I found an Uneinia, Gunnera, and Mitraria

Vaccas we met par any “J alla »’ Larrea nitida tle:

On the nines we rode back to Ovalle, following at first the same
way we c ; but after about two leagues we turned to the north-
east, to enc the little village of Cerrillos, situated at the foot of
the hill of amaya, so famous for its copper-mines and stations on
the te Se abr Railway. Near the house of our host, Don

Pedro Barrios, we found ses ape growing abundantly on the
Adesmias, and - estes a good many specimens for exchange.
€ road passes amongst low, flat-topped hills, with the same

zene or Borany.— Vou, 22. [Juny, 1884.] P

210 A VISIT TO THE NORTHERNMOST FOREST OF CHILE.

scarce enn as we had met with from Algarrobo to Frai Jorge.
rrillos, which we reached at half-past ten, has a
somewhat different aspect, being covered with lower shrubs, amongst
which Chuquiraga acicularis Don is the most abundant. Before we
reached this plain, Don Belisario showed us, at 500 m. from the
road, an enormous willow-tree, which four men can scarcely span
with their arms. From Cenillos ue took the diligence ig Ovalle,
sending the ee Sia the serv
Cerrillos age at at foot of the famous — de
vo asa ots = ascends the railway from Tongoi to the
copper-mines situated very high up the hill. The little village
offers nothing of interest, neither were there on the way to Ovalle
the slightest things of interest. We arrived after 24 hours’ voyage at
Ovalle, early enough for arranging the collected plants and for taking
leave of our acquaintances, and for thanking the gentlemen by whose
kindness we had been enabled to reach the forest of Frai Jorge.

ime an account of it, if agreeable to the readers of this J peed
The forest of Frai Jorge is one of the most striking facts of

tie tins ce of Alacama, and in the ae of it exists this wood formed
nearly entirely of southern plants! Aewtowicon has hitherto not
been found farther north than the neighbourhood of Valparaiso,

outside of the Secs is much more like the southern form as

Darwinii than those of Central Chile; the Colletia found there is

muc e to a species of the sandy shore of Auraca; and indeed
: : : i

e
forest more than of anything else. And with these Oa grow
Eupatorium glechonophyllum, Linum Chamissonis, and K eneckia
oblonga, which belong to the central flora.

The mean temperature of Valdivia is of 11-01° Cels., and ie
mean rainfall of 2557 mm., after four years’ observation ; ‘and
observation of Chiloe shows a rainfall of 1820 mm. The

‘75 Cels. (four years’ vel
It is thus very remarkable Hage in ib midst of a desert flora
there exists an oasis of southern plants. Two questions —
themselves: how can these southern plants live there, an
did they come ?

ON THE NOMENCLATURE OF GAGEA. 211

of this. These fogs are frequent on the Chilian coast from 31° 30’
8. lat. to the north, but only to a certain height, where ies allow a
luxuriant flora in some parts; and on the south of the Limari
there exists a mountain, called Talinai, which is nearly as high as
ai Jorge, and equally covered with wood ; but the wood is not so
extensive, consisting, as I have been told, of the same species as
wap aes = orge.
may it be ve peer oe these ee appear here so
far fon hair true hom Hay seeds perhaps been brought

nor is there a single one which is eaten b d if this last
case could have happened, it is not probable that birds would be
able to carry ake for so long a distance in their intestines; they

would have ejected them with their excrements long before they
had passed half the distan
Or, has the climate of “Chile in other times been pitas ea
what it is now? Have there been frequent rains and fogs, accom-
panied by a cloudy sky, which allowed the coast-range to be yer d
with woods, which by a change of the climate have died away,
remaining only the forests of Frai Jorge and Talinai as witnesses
of the sik luxuriant flora? Or are there forests of very ancient
origin, remnants of that time, in which only the actual coast-range
emerged out of the sea, forming long rows of islands with maritime
and insular climate, which was similar to the actual climate of
Chiloé and the islands of Western Patagonia? and has os a ines
of the high Cordillera changed the climate to what it is n
these questions came to my mind when I was uate for an
explanation of the origin of the forest of Frai Jorge, and I found
no definite answer to any one of them; the most probable seems to
me that the climate of Northern Chile has been quite a different
one in former times. But, then, why does there not exist any
trace of a former abundant and forest vegetation south of Talinai ?
I never heard of other forests in these regions, except the ones
above mentioned.

ON THE apa ag OF GAGEA.
y James Britten, F.L.S.

e prahesrg NOE to oe paper in which Salisbury established the
genus Gagea (‘Annals of Botany,’ ii. 83) in 1806 brought to m
fein the fact that our British peioactibativs of the genus, usually
known as G. lutea Ker, should, in cordance with the law of
Priority, bear the name of G. eile ., Ker’s name datin,
1809 (Bot. Mag. t. 1200), while Salisbury’s is three years earlier.

22 SHORT NOTES.

It is true that Salisbury seems to have thought the Ornithogalum -
luteum of Linneeus distinct from O. luteum Sm., placing the former
as a synonym of O. pratense Pers. (G. bracteolaris Salisb.) ; but
Schultes and other writers have not followed him in this, but have
considered Smith’s plant identical with that of Linneus, retaining
O. pratense as distinct under the name of G. pratensis Schultes.

authority for many species of Gagea, doe once refer to it.
Of the seven species published ted Aialitbary. hae a are by Koch
referred to Sch ultes’ species as synonyms, the rest being ignored.

date from 1806, it is clear that the former must, when different, —
disappear, and when identical stand as of Salisbury, not of Schultes.
It may be worth while to enumerate the seven species here, with an
indication of the reference they bear to the names of Schultes :—

G. FASCICULARIS peek (1806). (Ornithogalum luteum Sm.) = G
lutea Ker, (1809).

G. BuAUPROLAEIS Salisb. (O. pratense Pers.) = G. pratensis Schultes
1829).

G. srectaris Salisb. (0. arvense Pers.; O. minimum L.) = @.
arvensis Schultes. G. minima Schultes

G. sparnacea Salisb. (0. spathac es Heynei Roth.; 0.
pusillum Schmidt.) = G, spathaces Sch

G. pyemma Salisb. en Schultes). (0. selioleiti Willd.) = @
bohemica Schulte

G. BULSIFERA aoe ( 0. bulbiferum L.) = G. bulbifera Schultes.

G. RETICULARI ish. (¢ . reticulata Pall. ; O. circinatum L.).= 4:

paueagadl Schulte

G. pygmea Schultes, non §alisb., must be replaced by G. nivalis
Huet., which Nyman gives as a synonym

SHORT NOTES.
Ant UM ITALICUM 4 IN Drvon er ocurrence of this pina

Ta my ¢ g a
several plants of it when cutting newas some Doitibe and stiiat
rank vegetation and long grass that had grown up among au 4
around the bushes of a low hedge separating a shrubbery a0

the te is as indigenats there as the other species, Arum -
latum, with which it grows, the association of the two giving

SHORT NOTES. 213

prominence to the noticeable feature of the later flowering of the
italicum, some of the spathes of which were unexpanded when I
found it. Fursdon examples agree well on the whole with the

one of A. maculatum preceding it. e odour of the inflorescence
of A. italicum is, at a certain stage of its development, very dis-
agreeable, reminding one of that of putrid meat. The station at
Fursdon is about four miles from the coast, and go, I think,
farther removed than most of its other English stations. Whilst
sending this first positive record of the occurrence of the plant in
Devon, I think it right to repeat a note inserted by Mr. Keys in
his ‘ Flora of Devon and Cornwall; he says, ‘Arum italicum Mill.
has been reported to me as having been found near Kingsbridge,
Devon, but not, I fear, on sufficiently good authority to justify its
insertion here.”—T. R. Ancuer Briaes.

[This seems to be the right place in which to say that the
Torquay specimens exhibited as Arum italicum at the Linnean
Society, April 19, 1883 (Proc. Linn. Soc., 1882-83, p. 8), proved
to be only a state of A. maculatum.—Ep. Journ. Bor.]

as the Paris,—I should be glad if any one could tell me how it got
there.—H. A. Evans ‘

TRIcHoMANES RADICANS IN DoneGat.—On the 25th May last Mr.
Pierce Mahony, while following his duties in connection with the
Irish Land Commission, discovered the Killarney fern in a valley
in north-west Donegal. Miss Grove, of Castle Grove, has also
seen it in the same valley, and specimens have been sent to Dublin.
I think it advisable to withhold the exact locality. This informa-
tion has been given me by Mr. Ulick Bourke, Irish Land Com-
mission-—H. C. Harr.

Crepis prennis In Mipptesex.—A few weeks since I met with
Crepis biennis growing rather plentifully on a bank beside the path
leading from Pinner Road to Pinner Hill; and last week again

a OS ea roe “Sy. ar RT am aNR

214 REPORT OF BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB FoR 1882.

Carex ticertca Gay In W. Norrorx.—Mr. A. Fryer, of Chat-

cismal uredine, the puccinia and uredo of which occur upon Carex

under the name Acidiwn ranunculacearum. Schréter first pointed
out that the ecidium on R. jicari@ was a heteroecismal uredine
which had nothing to do with Uromyces ficaria, the fungus to which
Fuckel, Cooke, and others had affiliated it, but, on the contrary,
was a spore-form of Uromyces pow. At the present time the
generally-accepted view of these «cidia is that given by Winter m
the last edition of Rabenhorst’s ‘ Flora’ as follows :—‘‘ Uromyces po@

(a) that of Uromyces pow ; (b) that of Puccinia Magusiana. 2. That
the ecidium of U. dactylidis is confined to R. bulbosus. 3. That the
wcidium on P. acris probably belongs to a Puccinia.—— CHARLES B.
Piowricur.

REPORT OF BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB FOR 1882.
[We quote the following notes from this recently published
Report, which appears under the editorship of Mr. W. H. Beeby;
the “distributor” for 1882. Most of the notes depend for their
interest upon the specimens which they are intended to accompany +
some, we venture to think, are hardly worth printing, such as the

REPORT OF BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB FoR 1882. 215

statement that a plant sent as Neslia paniculata is Bunias

orientalis. Our readers will afte iacos regret of the members of
the Club that the delay of Dr. well’s soma ge cree partly
accounts for the aaa of the Repett was caused by his illness. ]

Lepidium saat Hook., var. cian do oe —t ie form,

behich was described by Mr. Townsend in the Hants Flora (1883),
was first naneed by me several voit ago, growing in some plenty,
along a bank on the coast, near Redbridge, Hants, but I have not
met with it elsewhere. The p resent re ermsarn were collected in
the same locality by my aise aks s M. Gro n May and June,
1882. The usual notch at the apex ‘of the pote is entirely wanting
in this form.”—J. Groves. ‘‘A very remarkable plant, probably
een to be considered a subspecies if it comes true from seed.
The entire pods are considerably more se ore below than in L.
Smith, the fruit-peduncles are shorter, — e rachis has longer
hairs name is an unfortunate on is a nominative specific
name with a capital letter, it pe to a ‘Alatistylus ; if an adjective,
alatistylatum.’’—J. T. Boswe

Ononis arvensis L., var. relees L. Cat. — O. maritima ? Dum.—
Sand Dunes, near Yarmouth, E. Norfolk. ‘Since my ‘ Notes on

tained that this plant i is the O. maritima Dum., as I thought, and
that by sending specimens to Prof. Lange, of ‘cigeitingeae labelled
‘O. repens L., var. horrida Lange?’ (a name from Willkomm and
aoe Prod. Fl. ae In his answer he wr rites, ‘It is exactly

Dill, Spee hem -Plukeriet’ locality not indicated, Woolwich,
G end, Deal, lope oan er (b), W. France (Lloyd),
Sables '@'Gloniie (Ven J. Letourneau), and now may be added
Spain. Prod. Fl. H oe "ye iii. p. 894. England—Norfolk! Suf-
nc ! The specimens sent from Cornwall by Mr. er as O.
ensis b. repens probably belong to var. a, but there is no ripe
ie « so that it is a little uncertain. As to the name 0. repens i.,
for a full and detailed account I would refer to Prof. Lange’s paper,

1873, pp. 25-42. One —— only I should like to give: ‘M
Wallroth, qui a fourni de précieux matériaux sur les espéces de =
groupe, et qui a mis en agate Videntité de 0. repens et de l’O. p
currens, a déja adressé une invitation 4 ses collégues d’ Arighotinieas
pour les engager 4 rechercher si la plante qui crott sur les cétes
anglaises doit étre réunie 4 1’O. procurrens, ou étre séparée
Omme une espéce distincte; mats cette invitation a restée jusqu’ "a
present sans résultat,’ This is to be regretted, written as this was in

216 ‘REPORT OF BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB FOR 1882.

1873. Will — botanists now search out these forms and help —
—AR Bre O

Professor Lange ? THUR Bennett. On subsequently sending
Mr. Bennett ripe fruit of sci capes s plant, he writes, ‘‘ I now
think it O. repens ; it will belong to a. inermis Lange, Prod. Flor.

Hisp., spinis omnino Re t while i my Norfolk specimens belong
to ‘b. horrida Lange, Pro d. Flor. Hisp., spinis sat t crebris $-1
aus: aad Lisa doves divergentibus arcuata.’

i Tae te dica Syme ?—Great Doward, Herefordshire, 2nd June,

.G. Baker. It appears to me to come nearer “scandica.”—A. Ley.
T queried this as latifolia or Avia, and Mr. Archer Briggs replies:
‘* Certainly not latifolia, which I know well. I believe it ought to
go under Aria or rupicola. Whatever may be the case with regard
to latifolia and scandica, I am led b my ape ee to think that
Boswell’s eu-Aria and r rupicola are sO co ted by intermediates
that for certain plants it is impossible to ‘alive between the two
names.” This is certainly a puzzling plant. I agree with the Rev.

veins,
rupicola, if the latter be considered deserving of aname. Year by
hate I incline more to the belief that P. rupicola is P. eu-Aria
ing in uncongenial contitons—poo soil, exposure to wind, or
deicien heat.—J. T. Bos
Sed a Forstenonin ‘Bin var. virescens. — Occupying damp
shady cliffs on both sides of the Rhaidr Falls bounding the counties
Montgomery and Denbigh, four miles west of Llan-rhaidr, July,
1882. Quite green; larger in all its parts than the glaucous form
of S. Forsterianum. This is the same plant as I have in other

?

It does not agree in size with the ease of Mr. Bo rrer’s

rg Gustin Ley. ‘TI think there a eee subspecies of rupestre,
Viz. . S. pruniatum Brotero — §. elegans Lejeune. 2. . Fors-
terianum Sm — 8. aureum Wag. Be that this represents the
latter excellently, .Gck

Hieracium corr yrbosun Fr. — Cliffs between St. sop: and
Kinkell Ness, N. H. Fife, 8th August, 1882.—Cuantes B sb.

The leaves are not so shomboidal in in yours, nor is the corymbous
character ‘typical.’ The peduncles are larger than usual, and ihe

oe pare AF ih OL eh Ae er emia! 9 fos a eM) 5s Ne LUN ene A ane

KEW HERBARIUM REPORT, 1882.

heads not nearly so much condensed. Still I think it is an
‘erratic form’ of that species. ..... It is difficult to say, without
very close observation, what change may be effected (in this
changeable genus !) by locality a and cee ie 49 broad-leaved forms

uncertainty.” —-J. Backuovuss in litt. ad. Charles Baile
Lemna minor Linn. — Tankerness, Orkney, March, 1882; on
lected by W. Cowan. The only known station. Report rted
occurring in “ditches,” by Dr. Gilbert Maccrab, certainly s-
take; and marked ‘extremely doubtful’? by Robert Heddle and
Duguid in their MS. list. Possibly inbetianesl. —W. Irvr
ORTESCUE.

REPORT OF THE oe eee OF +e ROYAL GARDENS,
EW, FOR 188
By Sr J. - Hooker, at 8.1., &c.

rs, :
Oxford Botanical Gardens, to “whieh it had been pee: by his
relatives. It contains 271 species of plants, for the most part
figured in Mr. Wilson Saunders’s ‘ Refugium Botanicum.’—8. The
i Record Club has presented to Kew its herbarium of
British plants, co ontaining 1840 species, and ne aoe specimens
illustrating the local floras of the Britigh Islan:
he following is a list of the other principal aba to the
Herbarium during 1882 :—
uropr. — Arnold, Dr. F.; Lichens (86). Brotherus, V. F. ;
Finland Mosses (100, purchased). Cooke, Dr. M. C.; British
Fungi (82); sundry do. (20). Groves, H.; Italian plants (145).
Henriques, Dr. J. A.: : Portuguese plants (164). Hooker, Sir J. D.;
Mosses, chiefly German n (182). Husnot, T.; French Mosses (50).
Kanitz, Dr. A.; European plants (285). Kunze, J7; Fungi (100,
purchased). Liacaita; C. C.; Italian plants (18). Lange, Professor;
nish, &c., plants (68). Nicholson, G.; Roses, é&c. (9), Nylander,
Dr.; ; Loj ka’s Lichens (382, purchased). Oliver, D.; British plants,
a

“* Tssued March, 1884,

AN gre ena ee A aa a MOS em UNG cn SII A
a6 > Y Soe ras

218 KEW HERBARIUM REPORT, 1882.
es Pasquale, Prof.; Italian cultivated plants (7). Reverchon,

; Sardinian plants (247, ies sed). Vize, Rev. J. E.; British
Tes (100, purchased). Wittrock, V., and Nordstedt, O.; Fresh-
water Alge (100, purchased).

Asta anp Inptan Arcurpenaco. — Aitchison, Surgeon- Major;
Punjab, &e., plants (63). BR iabastot, H.; Siamese plants collected
by Mr. Mu rton (147). Beccari, Od. ; Bornean rar (3). Bed-
dome, Col.; Deccan —s (20). Bourne, F.S.A.; Chinese plants
(6). ‘Bretschneider, D r. H.; Chinese plants (30). Bureau, Prof.,
Jardin des Plantes, Patia; Abbé David’s Chinese plants (297).
Bushell, Dr. ; Chinese plants (3). Cantley, N.; Malayan plants
~ (220). Carpenter, Lieut., H.M.S. Magpie; Orsima plants (15).

Cooke, Dr. M. C. ; Siberian, &e., Fungi (10). Duthie, J. F.; North
Indian plants (802). Forbes, H. O.; Malayan plants (3). Ford,
C.; Chinese plants (51). Hance, Dr.; Chinese plants (7). King,
Dr. G.; —— plants (23). Murray, J. A.; we ane Alga Moe

ev.

Riedel, M.; Buru and Timor ba plants pie Suringar, Dr. j
Malayan plants (14). Talbot, W. A.; Canara plants (219). Tri-

men, Dr. H.; Ceylon plants (19). Veitch, Messrs.; Indian, &e.,
plants (18). Wall, G.; Ceylon plants (50). Watt, Dr. G.; Mun-
nipore plants (101). Waiters, T.; Formosan plants

Arnica. — Blagrave, Lieut.-Col.; Cape plants (30). " Burton,
Capt., at ‘Cauiéron, Corti ; Gold Coast plants (151). Drummond-
Hay, Miss; North Morocco plants (13). Feilden, Capt. H. W.;
Cape Lichens. Godefroy-Lebeuf; Soudan vine. Hart, H. a
Sierra Leone plants (13). Kirk, Sir John; Zanzibar plants (3).
McKenzie, Mrs.; Zululand plants 83). MacOwan, P.; South
African plants (43). Moloney, Capt. A.; Gold Coast ‘plants (12).
Rumsey, Comm., R.N.; West African plants (1 5). Schweinfurth,
Dr. F.; East t Aftican Plants (a). Slade, Dr., H.M.S. Fawn ; Red
Sea plants (21). Soy x, H.; Gaboon plants (350). Wood, J.M.;
Natal Lo (248).

Mauritius, Mapagascar, &c. — Baron, maid R.; Madagas
plants (1137). Ceppiniee Dr. R. W.; Amirante and Boyenelles
Islands plants (88). Horne, J.; Mauritius spank (11). Parker,
Dr. Brig Matigadéat plants (18 6).

Ancsnres, — Allen, Dr. F.; Characea@ (20). Cooke, Dr-

shassd), Davao: G. Ee; Un lacks plants (14). Eaton, ’ Prof.
D.C.; Ferns (5). Ellis, J. B.; Fungi (900, purchased). Gray,

s mon, J.
fornia plants (12). Pringle, C. G.; Pacifie States plant re
Ravenel, H. W.; Fungi (200, purchased). Sargent, Prof. C.
(198). Vasey, G.; > Calton plants (589). :

West Inpres anp Gutana, — Eggers, Baron; West Indian
plants (199). Jone G.8.; Guiana plants (742). Prestoe, H.; oS
Palms (3). Syme, G.; Jamaica plants (4). Taylor, Mary; ee
Jamaica plants (22). =

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 219

uTH AMERICA. ge ees r, Dr. R. W.; Extra-tropical er
eta plants (188, exclusive of lower Cryptogams). Cranwell,
W. B.; Monte Video, &e., plants (50). Glaziou, A.; Brazil plants
(948). Gregory, H. K.; Brazil plants (18). ou or pills Se %
Cinchona (3). Reynell, —; Brazil plants (1288). Veitch, ’Messrs.; 3
Cross’s Chimborazo plants (47). Nap ming, Dr. ; Brasil plants (4).
White, R. B.; New = are plan )
USTRALIA.— Cop i mei ow. Torres Straits, &e., —

(90). Lawson, Pr a : ee nian plants. Mueller, Sir F.;
tralian plants (78). Bohornhinepie Dr. R.; Aus tralian plants ain,

N EALAND. — Cheeseman, T. F. (15). Green
Mount Cooke plants (6). Hector, Dr. 02). irk, T. (25).

Potynusia. — Arundel, §. T.; plants from various islets (81).
Comins, Rev. R. B.; Solomon bed plants (28). Coppinger, Dr.
R. W.; various plants (26). Davenport, G. E.; Sandwich Islands
plants we Gill, Rev. W. Wyatt ; Samoan, &c., plants (10).

[A very useful ‘List of Palms cultivated in the Royal Gardens’
is SeBohiel to the Report. ]}

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Acotyledonee a ae et Characee Europe. Auct. C. F. Nyman.
us Flore Europese supplemento 1 seorsim impr.
icone em
rrangement of the Characee is for the most part i in
bakdiiss with that adopted in Braun’s ‘ Fragmente.’ Ther

of material, some meoaks must almost acne be ov nth Bi
Nitella syncarpa is recorded from England, but we do not know

upon what authority. The nomenclature shows some improve-
ment on Braun’s work, notably in the cases of Chara vulgaris and
C. Braunii: it is very aris sci to see the former name

found within a four-mile radius os ma the scho: me aig is smn the

220 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Britis mycologists will be interested in ee that the Rey.
John Stevenson has in preparation a ‘ Flora of British ee
lag ae a in two ae illustrated : M . Smi
The price to subscribers will s. 6d. per volume, and the per
will be published as soon as a soaps number of names have
been received by the author, whose address is Glamis, Forfarshire,

N.B.— Mr. William Phillips is preparing a ‘Manual of British
Picincton: in ica volume, illustrated : ome’ . subscribers not
to exceed 10s. Address :-—Canonbury, Shrew

Tue last part of Boissier’s ‘ Flora Orientals * containing the

April ints An ‘Index Nominum Vernaculorum’ 7 contributed by
Prof. a M. Boissier is now engaged upon a supplement
e

Tue Committee x the Palestine Exploration Fund has issued
a handsome quarto volume of 455 pages, on ‘The Fauna and
Flora of Palestine,’ under the editorship of Dr. Tristram. Th
Flora occupies about half the book; it consists of a list of species,
mainly compiled from Be aa s ‘ Flora Orientalis, but including

other sources, of w Dr. Tristram says :— ‘The catalogue
of the Flora has heey compiled, both from rod own herbarium,
comprising 1,400 species, forme wne, who

additions. The MS. catalogue of the Flora of Palestine, com-
piled by Mr. Hanbury and Sir Jos seph Hocker now in the
Herbarium at Kew, has also been used.” We regret to see ops the
objectionable innovation of spelling all specific names with a
initial letter has been adopted

Dr. Croumpre Sgt: is continuing his series of works on
Forestry with gr apidity : his last contribution is a general
sketch of the subject entitled « es to the Study of Modern
Forest Economy’ (Edinburgh, Oliver & Boyd), which gives in &
peel ndy and readable form ae views of the principal wees on the
subjec

Ew Booxs.—C. Ha eae ‘Monographie der Gattung
Epilobium’ (4to pp. viii. 318, tt. 23: Jena: Fischer).—J. WEISNER,
‘Elemente der Organographie, attr und ae oie bao ese
8vo, pp. xii. 449: Vienna: Holder).—H. F. von , * Dae
ersuchswesen auf dem Gebiete der Pilanizenphysiologia’ (8vo,
pp. vin. 264: Berlin, Springer) —K. L. Verrers, ‘ Die Blattstiele
der Cycadeen’ (8v0, p pp. 26, 2 plates: Leipzig). —A. pease :

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. : 221

Untersuchungen tiber das pies ako sone pp. 155, 8 melee
Berlin, Parey).— LINS r Birodalom Zuz
Flordja’ (Budapest : pp. viii. "204), Ww. is ‘hava ‘A Synopsis a of
the Bacteria and Yeast Fungi’ (8vo, pp. 112, illustrated : Chatto &
Windus, 8s. 6d.). — J. C. Brown, ‘ i oder Forest Economy’ (8vo,
pp. vill. 228: Edinburgh, Oliver & Boyd).

rae CLES IN JOURN

American said alist.——E. L. Sturovant, : ‘ Agdealiieal Botany.’
—D. H. Campbell, : Portilization of germ cell of Equisetum arvense.’

Botanical ae —W. Boott, ‘ Notes on ae Gap tee
spora Harveyi, Carex pregracilis, C. Assiniboinensis, C. nmont,
spp. nn.). — J. Schneck, ‘ Notes s on Phoradendron aioe — G.
Vaky. ‘Notes on Eriochloa

Bot. ee (Nos. 23, 25).—H. Christ, ori jaee: ed
nisse aus der systematischen Arbeit am genus fosa.’ — (No. 28).
K, Goebel, : Tiber die Sporophylle von Osmunda.’

Botanische Zeitung (May 23). — HE. Strasburger, ‘Zur Ent-
Wigkelungege chichte der Sporangien von Trichia fallax.’—T. Bail,

‘Erginzung u. Berichtigung zu Brefeld’s Behandlung der Gahrungs-
fra; te ‘i une 6 ries, ‘ Ueber die perio-
dische Satirebildung der Fettpflanzen.’ — ( ). ©. Weber,

J *

‘Ueber den Pilz der Wurzelauschwellungen von Juncus bufonius.’—
(June 20). R. Géthe, ‘Zum Krebs der Aplelbatine’ (1 plate).
(June 27). A. Koch, rides den Verlauf und die Endigungen der
Siebréheren in den Blat

Bull, Bot. Soc. France (xxxi.: Comptes rendus, No. 3).—P. van
Tieghem, ‘ Sur les faisceaux libéro -ligneux corticaux des Viciées.
—Id., ‘Sur la disposition des canaux sécréteurs dans les Clusiacées,
les Hyperieacces, les Terustroemiaccées et les Diptérocarpées.’—
W. Bar arbey, ‘Pena de Aiscorri.’-P. Hariot, ‘Plantes vasculaires
observées dans le détroit de Magellan et & la Terre de Feu’ (Schanus
sodalium, sp, n.).—P. van Tieghem & L. Morot, ‘ L’anatomie des

eae: —(No. 4). A. Le Grand, ‘ Notice sur — plantes
critiqu (Hieracium Legrandianum ’ Arvet-Touve t, sp, n.). — D.
Clos, : ‘Tribus, Sous familles, Familles unissantes.’ —— hy eee,
‘La régéneration <8 a des Futaies.’— M. Bondier, ‘ L'Ap ppari
tion precoce des Morilles en 1884.’—A. Cagnieul, ‘ La division ie
noyau cellulaire dans les Characées. —E. Mer, ‘ Récherches sur les
mouvements nyctitropiques des feuilles
Bulletin of Torrey Bot. Club (May). = H. Peck, ‘ New Fungi.’

T. Meehan, ‘Bees and coloured flowers.’—Id., ‘Sur vival of the
— =H. P. Bicknell, ‘ Carex penns bailine and C. varia

ora (May 21, June 1, 21).—P. Blenk, ‘ Ueber tie durch-
sistingen P Punkte in den Blattern.’—J. Muller, ‘ Lichenologische
ee —(June 11). F. Arnold, ‘ Die Lichenen des frankischen

Gar May 81. a (ties (ic. pict.)—(June 14).
Stenorhynchus speciosus (ic.

222 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Gardeners’ Somer (May 81).—H. ay ave gon
n. sp. 2 (Jub ). Masdevallia racemosa var. CYrossi (fg. 189).—
40

macrophylla (fig. 145). —J. G. Baker, ‘ Notes on Peonies.’ —— (June
21). Diraptcsolen Jamesoni (fg 147).—(June 28). Coelogyne Dayana
rans f., n. sp. — W.G. Smith, ‘ Disease of Yew (Spherella Tawi)’
(fig. 152).

Grevillea. — M. C. Cooke, ‘New British Fungi’ (Agaricus
ischnostylus, “Oidium pactolinum, spp. nn.). — Id., ‘ Notes on Hypo-
creacee.’——Id., ‘ Synopsis Pyrenomycetum. *__T wo plates of Xylaria.

rnal of Royal Be ey Cons —J. Badcock, ‘ On certain
Dctouts observed in Suri }
Midland Naturalist. _W. B. Gr rove, ‘On the Pilobolide’ (1 plate).
—J. E. Bagnall, ‘Flora of Warwickshire ’ (Polygonacea—Cerato-
phyllee),

Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — J. Velenovsky, ‘Bohmische Rosen.’
—E. Forminek, ‘Flora der Beskiden.’ ——Celakovsky, ‘ Foe
spina & P. andrachnoides.’ — B. Blocki, ‘ Flora von Galizien.’ —
M. Kronfeld, ‘Pflanzennamen aus der Wiener gegend.’ —Jd. A.
Baiimler, ‘ Mykologisches aus Pressburg

ge 6
mock, ‘ bssentia Oils of Bisbees lacera and Spher berets indicus.’

Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales (viii. pt. 4: Feb.).—E. Haviland,
Notes on Praca variabilis,

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF ON ae
April 17, 1884. — Alfred W. Poses M.A., in the chair
Messrs. Benjamin Lomax and R. Lloyd Pat paritin were alected
Fellows of ue Society.—Dr. J. Poland exhibited under the micro-
800 series of preparations, stained by reagents, illustrating the
Bacillus of ‘Aa thra, x from m man He remarked that the Bacillus-
3 ag in many i instances doubtless were conveyed in the drie

&e.

low vegetable organisms in the human body, and setting up the
severely fatal malady in question. — A paper was read by the Rev.
. M. Crombie, “On the Algo-lichen- angel Hypothe sis.” Th

author gave a brief sketch of the BR sheet enunciated by

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. . 223

except under the same atmospherical conditions in which they
grow in nature. Two fatal objections, he said, might 2 taken to
the theory: (1) the one having reference to Os % y peculiar

nature of the parasitism it assumes ; mae the other &. 3 the ae
that, notwithstanding a similarity of appearance, there were

reality no true fungal-mycelia nor true algal-colonies in Bt ete
As to any direct genetic or any indirect aE connection

the resorption ae the lower BN of the cortical structure, they
ecame free, and constituted the thin gonidial ie Se ere
seen lying amongst the medullary they are often attached to these,
not as the result of any bee but by means of the lichenin
which permeates the whole thall The origin of the gonidia and
their relation to the rest of the jicliel thallus, the author stated in
conclusion, thus belonged to the very elements of morphological
Botany. — There followed a note on a remarkable variation in the
leaf of Banksia marginata, observed by Mr. J. G. Otto Tepper near
Adelaide, South Australia. He de Eee the plant, and then

enus of riper acee from Madagascar. According to Dr. J. Urban
(the latest authority) the order consists of five genera and eighty-
three species, distributed in America eae . Carolina and Mexico
to the Argentine Republic, and in Africa from Abyssinia to Mozam-
bique and the Cape of Good Hope; while paras are found in the
island of Zanzibar and Rodriguez. The plant now added to the
order was obtained by Dr. C. Rutenberg on Nossi-bé, a small island
on the N.W. of Madagascar. Its agence incline Mr. Rolfe to
recognise in it the type of a new genus, as above named, with a
position between Mathurina and Turne era ; its most remarkable
character being its glassy transparent calyx, which is totally
destitute of chlorophyll or other colourin, er.
May 1. — Prof. P. Martin ena F R S. Vice-President, in
the chair.—Messrs. W. Dennison Roebuck and ¥. Newton Williams
were elected ordinary Fellows, — ssors KE. Haeckel, of Jena,

he
Philippines. He refers to Ray’s Appendix, Hist. Plant. iii., the
material therein being furnished by Father Camell, and still ex
in the Sloane Collection, Brit. Mus., though hitherto sauce a

294 . LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

botanists. Nees’s collections described by Cavanilles in his
‘Icones’; and Blanco’s ‘Flora de Filipinas,’ and later edition by
Father Villar are specially noted; as likewise Presl’s ‘Reliquie
Haenkeane,’ the collections of H. Cuming, the ‘Plants Meyeni-
ane,’ ther Llanos’s ‘Fragmentos de Algunas Plantas de
Filipinas,’ besides other monographs scattered through various
publications. Mr. Rolfe, however, expresses himself particularly
indebted to Cuming’s collections, and to the very valuable help and
incentive derived from Don Sebastian Vidal y Soler, Conservator of

the continuation of his ‘ Bingpsis de Familias y Generos de Plantas,’
had induced him to study the flora in question from its distri-

while all three Gymnospermea, though present, are but poorly
represented. The proportion of Vascular Cryptogams to Pheriogams
is nearly one-eighth, chiefly Ferns. Of these latter, fifty-two are
not known elsewhere, a fact in itself stamping an individuality on
_ the islands. The endemic phenogamic vegetation consists of 91

species, or a proportion of over one-fourth endemic, the Dicotyledons
showing a proportion of over one-third endemic, and the Mono-
cotyledons of a little over one-tenth, chiefly Orchids. These figures

Sumatra, &c. The flora on the whole approximates most to that

n

great number of Malayan types extant with the proportion o! t e
endemic species, as well as a considerable boreal and Aus
element, seem to point out that submergence alone will not account
for the present peculiarities of distribution. A dominant feature 0
the flora is undoubtedly the Australian and Austro-Malayan element.
Without here giving the details of his reasoning, Mr. Rolfe’s coB-

uch thro
tinent, which has had a dip under the sea, as from their being
largely of _voleanic, and geologically of somewhat recent origin
to wit, as is presumed to be the case of other islands of admitted

oceanic origin. Mr. Rolfe describes several new species, anda neW

genus of Rubiaceae, Villaria.

225

MARSUPELLA SPARSIFOLIA (Latnps.).
By W. H. Pearson.
(Puate 248).

Jungermania Funckii Auct. p. Pp. a
Sarcoscyphus Funckii, a. major, a Nat. Eur. Leb. i. p. 185,
No. 5 (p. p.?), 1838. G. L. N. Syn.

0.
p. 280, No. 18 (1868). Hartm. Skand. Fil. x. ed. ii. p. 129, No. 8
‘oth Lindb. in Not. pro F. Fl. fen. Fath. (1874). Limpr.

dia + (Marsupelia) sparsifolia Lindb. in Not. pro F. Fl. fenn.
Fath. x xili. p. 370 (1874

Marsupella sparsifolia Dum. Hep. Eur. p. 128 (1874).

Nardia sparsifolia Lindb. Musci Scand. ie. 158, p. 9 (1879), <A
Mass..ed Carest. Ep. Alp. Penn. Nuo. Gior. Bot. ‘Ttal. xii. No. 4,
p. 318 (1880). See Nuo. Gior. Bot. Ital. xiv. No. 3, p. 221 (1882).

halen adusta, var. b. sparsifolia, Lond. Catal. p. 27 (1881).

Sarcoscyphus sparsifolia, var. noricus, Limpr. Jahr.-Ber. Schl.
Ges. p. 180 (1881

Delin. Mass. ed a Ep. Alp. Penn. Nuo. Gior. Bot.

Ttal. tab. xii. fig. 1 (18

Exsi Lindb. et Licks: Hep. Scand. Ex. No. 21.

ose ‘On rocks in alpine and subalpine situations, Loch-na-gar,
Aberdeen, J. & T. Sim, 14th August, 1876. Distributed by Mr.
Sim as M. emarginata, Srl form; detected by Dr. Carrington, and
inserted in ‘ London Catalogue,’ p. 21 (1881), a placed in Province
16 in error: should be 15. Found on the Continent in Norway,

Sweden, Lapland, Pras and Sitzerla nd.
Measurements. Stems 4 to near so diam. ‘16 mm. x °13
mm.; leaves -°8 mm. Xx °8 as -25 mm. deep, ‘85 mm. x

65 mm., sinus ‘25 mm. deep ; saiiavoinerg! leaves 1°2 mm. x 11
mm., sinus -4 mm. deep; — leaves 1°6 mm. x 1:1 mm.,
sinus ‘5 mm. deep, 1°5 mm. x 1:3 mm., 1:4 mm. x 1.1 mm.;
perigonial leaves ‘9 mm. may mm., sinus ‘2 mm. deep; colesule
1-2 mm. high from tei of involucr: segments *4 mm.; leaf-cells
02 mm. x "08 mm., ‘02 mm. x ‘02 mm.; cells of stem, exterior
layer “0 02 mm. x ‘025 mm., eaeiée ‘015 mm. x °015 m
Tufts of an olive or blackish brown aang cabaret not
polished ; stems creeping, st entangled ; stoloniferous
ot without or with a few leaves; shoots simple or rarely
arly ate, annotinous, often one, two, or three innovations
a single stem, erect, —_— frontally compressed, cross-sections
ovate to ovate-orbicul
Rootlets short, siersy mostly on the — side of the creeping
stems and stolons, rarer on the erect shoo
Leaves about — to twenty sae famichous or subsecund,
alternate, clasping stem at the decurrent base, ascending; lower
leaves approximate, Saaieade, nonce’ distant; the few leaves
JouRNAL OF e Borany. —Von. 22. [Aveusr, 1884.] Q

226 | MARSUPELLA SPARSIFOLIA (LINDB.).

the involucre, broadly orbiculate, ventricose at the base.
volucre composed of two larger leaves, ovate, subquadrate,

sinus and segments acute, about one-fourth the length of the leaf.

Colesule of much moré delicate cell-structure, with distinct tri-
gones, adnate with the lower third of the involucre, divided for
half its length into five irregular denticulate segments; termm
cells elongate, hyaline.

Antheridia oval, stipitate, two in each leaf.

_ Archegonia eight, surrounding base of calyptra.
Calyptra oval, with delicate and irregular reticulation.
Cells smallish, roundish, 4-5 and 6-sided, with thick walls,

M. sparsifolia, is a small, somewhat rigid form belonging to the M.
adusta group, having acute, sometimes apiculate segments. |

. Carrington adds the following note :—‘ The leaves of M.
sparsifolia resemble those of Jung. inflata in form and colour ;
indeed M. sparsifolia might easily be overlooked as a small form ©

the diagnosis easy.

Cie

ay.

1%

SOME CHINESE CORYLACES. “907

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE —1. Portion of stem, ary na-gar, J. & T. Sim
x 24. 2. Stem, oe Latogensie Norrlin, 8. 0. L., x 24. 3. Perigonial leaf,
Lago “yan « Davies, < 31. 4, 6; & 7. Stem- i vas, Loch-na-gar, J. & T.
im, x 31. Subinvolucral leaf, Karel Ladogensis, Norrlin, 8. O. L., x x
8. Involucre, wah portion of colesule, Karel Ladogensis, Norrlin, 8. O. L.,
9, 10, & 11. Stem-leaves, Lago Lucendro, G. Davies, x 31. 12 & 13. ‘cyoloardll
leaves, Loch- -na-gar, J. & T. Sim

SOME CHINESE CORYLACEZ.
‘By Henry F. Hancz, Ph.D., F.L.S., &e.

In a lecture delivered before the Royal Geographical Society i in
1878, Mr. Thiselton Dyer remarked, “I know of no field for
botanical exploration where amateurs could at the present time
tel with less trouble and with more probability of rendering

3,” ; :

within a short period of no less than nine members of the fine
family of Corylacea, diagnoses of which the writer has the pleasure
to append, affords an astonishing proof of the extreme richness of
the South Chinese Flora. In drawing up the characters the author
has followed as closely as possible the method adopted in his
‘Analecta Dryographica,’* published ce Le ago, always taking
account of the angle of divergence of the es. Out of respect
to the judgment of Mr. Bentham the sci Castanopi has been

retained, though very much @ contre-cwur, the writer being still of
Opinion that both it and Castanea should be united with Chere

Quercus (Pasania) Naiadarum, sp. nov. —Ramulis angu-
latis glaberrimis purpureis, foliis coriaceis lineari-lanceolatis inte-
gerrimis basi sensim angustatis apice acutis glaberrimis lucidulis

Osi

conspicuo, spicis masculis paniculatis rachi floribusque cano-
tomentosis, bracteolis ovatis longe setaceo-acuminatis ferrugineo-
tomentosis, fructibus secus pedunculum crassum folio circiter
ea : i : :

ie reus (Pasania) uvariifolia, sp. nov.—Ramulis teretibus
teas tal ee ats coriaceis ellipticis integerrimis —

ss

reviter acuminatis vies prester costam planam tome
bris subtus fulvo-tomentosis costa costulisque ad “trang {iki
circ. 25 sub angulo 85° egressis prominulis apice wince trabeculis
Sa dl since ptastensealtil

* Journ, Bot. 1875, 361.

228 SOME CHINESE CORYLACER.

numerosis elevatis connexis 5-7 poll. longis 24-8 poll. latis petiolo
fulvo-tomentoso pollicari, stipulis oblongis scariosis ferrugineo-
ne ; oy :

tomentosis 6 lin gis, spicis androgynis sprit ag basi squamis
oblongis scariosis ferrugineis fultis circiter 2} longis, florib
imis femineis reliquis masculis, stigmatibus Genghis divergentibus

nigricantibus nitidis, hued pollicem latis, cupule nee
squamis crassis lanceolatis dorso gibbosis atro-cinereis apice in
_— gg omnino immersa vertice convexiuscula falvenkie
tom
ripas fl. Sui-kong, brachii australioris fl. North River, in
. Kwang-si, 180 m. p. a Cantone, occasum yersus, m. Aprili
1883, } florentem in collinis ad (apices montis Tan-ha-shan, cire.
00 m. p. a goeteopel septentrionem versus, fructiferam invenit rev.
B; enry ; in jugo Lo-fau-shan, m. Sept. 1883, fructiferam col-
legit C. Ford. (Herb. propr. n, 22206
This magnificent species is undoubtedly most closely allied to
Q. cornea Lour., from which it differs much in foliage and indu-
mentum, but resembles a good deal in fruit. This the writer has
not been able to examine intern so as to give the result of a.
poet comparison. The acorns are largely collected and sold for
0
Fully sensible of the great weight attaching to the opinion of
Dr. Engelmann, who has so thoroughly studied the North American
aks,* the writer yet ventures to express his conviction that
Oersted } and Bentham} are right in pene. Q. iaees Hook. &
-! in Pasania, rather than in maintaining for it a
section, pieced gah founded by Alph. DeCandlle, and adopted by

=
&
B
=e

Dr. Engelma
es 3. Gueteaa SSatdes getiole, Sp. Nov. —Ramulis er
e€rrim1 TTIM18 } ur

ins. Hai-nan, d. 22 ee 1882, te rev. B. C. ‘Hen nry. Her
propr. n. 222.09,

Near the Penang Q. Wallichiana Lindl.§
$4, Quercus (Pasanta) synbalanos, sp. nov.— Ramulis ang
latis glaberrimis nigricantibus, foliis coriaceis ellipticis integerrimis
ee ae nee oe ee ee

* Trans. Acad. Sec. St. Louis, iii. 372, sqq; Watson, Bot. California, # ii. 98.
t Liebmann, Chénes de l’Amér. trop. 14; Recherches s. 1. class. d-Chénes,
{ gts & Hook. f. Gen. plant. iii. 408.
A diagnosis of this species, confounded by A. DeCandolle with the ber’
different Q. lamellosa Sm., was Peg and its position in the genus s indicated,
Journ. Bot. 1870, 4, and 1874, 241

7d.

SOME CHINESE CORYLACER. 229

basi cuneatis apice breviter cuspidato-acuminatis meyers
utrinque subopacis subtus glaucescentibus nervatione supra paru
conspicua costa costulisque tenuibus ad utrumque latus cire. 8: ott
angulo 45° egressis subtus prominulis 84 poll. longis 20 lin. * otis
petiolo 7-8-lineali, spicis feistiicis folio longioribus rachi tenui
angulata tomentella, floribus ternis dissitis arcte coalitis, squamis
cire. 3-seriatis oblongis tomentellis, stylis 3 liberis divergentibus.

n silva Wong-nei-chung, ins. Hongkong, d. 80 Julii 1880, leg.
el. C. Ford. (Herb. prope n. 22160.)

Perhaps near Q. spicata Sm., perhaps allied rather to Q. fenes-
ao eee gy this cannot be settled without ripe fruit.

r takes this opportunity of stating that the nearest
giv of the | Cambod ian Q. fe inulenta Hance!, which he had stationed
next Q. thalassica Hance}, fon unquestionably Q. rotundata
GF 5, Quercus (Pasani) iteaphylla, sp. nov. — Ramulis angu-
latis nigricantibus glaberrimis, foliis coriaceis lanceolatis integerri-

in. latis
petals 3 Sinai amentis masculis ‘sinpiicll us folio rovioribolk
densiusculis rachi floribusque cano-tomentosis, sbicia: femineis
floribus solitariis dissitis cum rachi cano- -tomentosis, stylis 3 cylin-
seen liberis divergentibus, cupule nascentis squamis circ. 3-seriatis
oblongis
In silvis vallis wee -nei-chung, ins. Hongkong, Apr. 1881,
Maio 1882, leg. C. Ford. (Herb. propr. n. 2180
n the absence of frit the precise affinities of this species are

6. Quercus (Cycnopananus) silvi moines: sp. nov. —Foliis?,

territorio ane Thi, ins. Hai-nan, d. 16 Nov. 1882,
leg. rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb. propr. n. 22215.)

Though the foliage of this oak is unknown, the writer yet
ventures to name and describe it from the fruit alone, as there can
be, he thinks, no doubt that it is new. It is allied to the Sumatran
Q. omalokos Korth.! and the Philippine Q. Woodii Hance!, but
differs from both by the much smaller acorns, and the more
cupuliform cups, with a larger number of oa ag rings.

7 Eyrei h. — This remarkably elegant species,
which the late Colonel Champion by some cisaks. declared to be

until Mr. Ford found it in flower in June, 1879, and again wi
young fruit in July, 1881, and in the autumn of 1882 Mr.

* Journ, Bot, 1875, p. 366.

230. SOME CHINESE CORYLACE.

Bentham was quite right in his surmise that it belongs to the
section ais ER in which, though extremely well distin-
guished from all its allies, it stands nearest Q. cuspidata Sieb. &
Zuce.! The original description* is so incomplete that it seems
desirable to draw up a fresh diagnosis from the specimens at han d.
Mr. Bentham describes the male aments as arranged in a te
panicle, but this is most likely owing to the falling-off of the leaves.
Ramulis sulcato-angulatis glaberrimis lutescenti-brunneis, foliis
coriaceis e basi cuneata lanceolatis sensim longe cuspidato-acu
natis integerrimis supe lucidis costa tenui vix prominula nar yada
indistincta subtus plus minus dense cano- -lepidotis vy. imo glabratis
costa oun tenuissimis ad utrumque latus cire. 8 sub angulo
50° ae als s haud elevatis 3-4 poll. longi Bi 15 lin. latis pene

ovoideis ¢ ngis, pees ee cano- apr assine ‘ata glandem
obyolventis squamis parvis Are ee circ. 10-seri
Castanopsis caer) Fe n 7

m
angulo 40° egressis prominulis apice carvulis trabeculis numero
tenuibus elevatis connexis 4 poll. longis 18-14 lin. latis pre
bre Abeer fructibus dense .aggregatis ‘globonia 4 3 poll. diame
aculeis 3 lin. longis a trunco communi divergentibus acutissimis
Sericeis ects.

In jugo Lo-fau-shan, na preaueaay m. Sept. 1883, leg. cl.
C. Ford. (Herb. propr.
An extremely fede, Pe. nearest in affinity to C. con-
cinna A. DC.
“\ 9. Castanopsis (Evcastanopsis) Fabri, sp. — Ramulis
angulatis glaberrimis atro-cinereis, foliis coriaceis ‘lenauaaee basi
©

separatis Aiinetia 3—4-valvibus 8-spermis, nuculis a lucidis.
In jugo Lo-fau-shan, proy. Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1888, leg-
rev. E. Faber. (Herb. propr. n. 22219.)
- Nearest C. tribuloides A. DQ,
°*" 10. Castanopsis (E UCASTANOPSIS) jucunda, sp. nov.—Ramu-
lis angulatis miatiseshnade nigricantibus, foliis rigide seen ovato-
a

* Hook, Kew Journ, Bot. vi. 114; Fl. Hongkong. 321.

A NEW CHINESE GOMPHOSTEMMA. 231

lanceolatis basi rotundatis apice acuminatis calloso-mucronatis a

s oliy viridibus nervatione inconspicua subtus dense cano-
furfuraceo-lepidot u us cinnamomeo-tinctis costu d
utrumque latus circ. 8 mene sub angulo 40° egressis curvulis
elevatis trabeculis tenuissim ulo conspicuis 24-34 poll. longis
14-16 lin. latis pet — 5- dineal (aortas , fruct ibus satis confertis
glabris circ. 8 lim: metro ferrugineo- ‘anentonis aculeis 2-24 lin.
ongis a trunco co ni dive sor gete crane sericeis echinatis,
nuculis solitariis Gtienteo derasili tec -

In monte Tan-ha-shan, prov. ee circ. 300 m a

m. p.
a peplantiionon versus, m. Novembri 1883, leg. rev. B. C.
2

: 32.
d to C. tribuloides A. DC. and C. chinensis Hance. The
ee i is not unlike that of Quercus (Chlamydobalanus) sclerophylla
dl

It may be interesting to transcribe Mr. Henry’s note on the
singular locality in which he discovered this remarkably handsome
tree :—‘‘ On the side of Tan-ha-shan, beside the road leading up
the steep hill to the celebrated Buddhist monastery of Tan-ha-tsz.
The tree was a fine spreading one, probably fifty feet high, covered
with abundance of fruit, which the people told me is gathered in

groups of hills I have ever seen. It rises like a wedge, almos
perpendicular on the long sides, to a height of 1500 feet, the may

wide, being ides in ftom at the top than at the ott ra The

tio:
among them the little stream winds. oat vegetation is "sak

e writer has not been able to examine athe cotyledonar struc-
ture of either of the above three species.

A NEW CHINESE GOMPHOSTEMMA.
By H. F. Hanoz, Ph.D., &c.

Serrato-crenatis supra pilosulis subtus pallidis ee pattn? u-
lisque glandulosis consitis penninerviis nervis subtus paulo elevatis

232 §—sSOON:- THE BOTANICAL TERMS FOR PUBESCENCE.

oll. longis — ue petiolo 14-pollicari, ie uniparibus
Boars laxe ainefion a age as caulem ramulosque terminantes
dispositis, bracteis foliis conformibus sed parvis, packohes setaceis,
inflorescentia rachibus glanduloso-villosulis, —_ 6 lin. longis,
calycibus campanulatis glanduloso-tomentosis obscure 10- —
op — = — corollis Si 4—5-plo Foidart tomente

vis galea purpurea labii inferioris lobo medio
ceo penitalihns exsertis a shaweic, nuculis glabris tenniseliah
sulis.

PSone Ying-tak, ad fi. North River, prov. Cantonensis, “co at
p-. a metropoli, substrato 2287.) m. Noy. 1883, leg. rev.
Henr Herb. propr. n. 22287

hie id =i species seems quite distinct from any
described. The leaves are in shape much like those of Pert
ocimoides Linn., and Mr. Henry tells me the odour of the plant is
very strong and unpleasant.

ON THE BOTANICAL TERMS FOR PUBESCENCE.
By F. B. Forses, F.L.S.

Ir is to be regretted that M. Alphonse DeCandolle, in ee
xiv. of ‘La Phytographie,’ did not extend his discussion of diffi-

did with glaucus, pruinosus, and lanceolatus.
Mr. Bentham, in his well- ora wh ‘ _— duction to Local Floras,’
had already drawn attention to the ueness in the use practi-
cally made by different Serie = the terms for pubescence ;
but the oe ueness has not dit
would have ee ee the o

ords.
as will be best shown by a shot list of definitions,
ealnbe in the pues: works :—

rod. to Flora Hongkongensis (1861 ae

Germain ae St. Pace —Nouy. Dict. de Botanique (1870).
ooker fil— English Ed. of Lemaout & Decaisne vats ape (1873).

Henslow.—Dict. of Bot. Terms (1875).

Asa Gray.—Bot. Text-Book (1880).

or
Pm

DC “G ni de ri peu couchés et legdrement roe
Lindl.—Covered with somewhat erect
Benth ae aye ig

thinly sprinkled with pare long si
de 8 peu cdi assez longs, inégaux, ni sos ni
apprinise: plutot are que fins.

ge

ON THE BOTANICAL TERMS FOR PUBESCENCE. 233

Hook. f.—When the hairs are long and s scatt _
Hensl.—Synonym for “hairy.” Hairy (hirsutus).
A. Gr.—Hairy in pore with any sort of pent ; in particular, with soft
and distinct
Hietvs

DC.—Synonym of hi i oa
Lindl.—Synonym of shir
G. St. P.—Couvert de polls. courts et roides.
Hensl._Shaggy : when d of long
A. Gr.—Hairy : nearly the same as hirsutus.

Himsvre

DC. Garni de poils longs et nombre

Lindl.—Covered with long, tolerably distinct basi
Benth.—When the hairs are dense, and a stiff.*
G. St i i

Hook, f—When the hairs are long an aa
Hensi, —_ When the hair is ote soft, and paee hei in the form meee
pubescence”’ or
A. Gr. BS eerie with Ba dty coarse or stiff hairs.
ane wi

Benth.— When re thickly covered with rather stiff hairs.

Goat: tose andy an de presque
trés fins, setacés ou subulés.

ke ke When he hairs are erect and stiff. : 4
Hens nha some the pubescence is composed of long and rigid hairs.
A, Gr. —Beset with rigid or bristly hairs, or with bristles.

Srricosus. Soe :
Linn. setae lanceolatis rigidis armatus. Strige = pili rigidiusculi

cull.

ts, ou d’aicuil-
’ s

DC. ae = petite a wigs allongée et qui ressemble 4 un poil.

Lindl. Sova red with stri sharp close-pressed rigid hairs. Linneus
co ae beni ant oo iy mots Wi with hispid

Benth.—When the hairs are a agua and stiff, grey" lie close along the
surface alls ca the same direct

G. St. P.—Rude et presque piqua re en raison de poils roides et robustes ;
r set ay la tige et = feuilles de la Bourrache, et d’un gr

bre d’autres Boraginée
Hensl. —Covered with s a <a for hispidus. Striga=a small
ight hair-like scal
A. Gr. ie with strigm, or agnor re and appressed straight and stiff
hairs or bristle
It is plain enough from these extracts that, even for terms
as to which there ought to be little —— mo otanists, the

definitions are vague or contradictory, or they so overlap each
ag that it is hard to choose the Gentopriata word for any given

Hirtus, for instance, defined by Germain St. Pierre as ‘‘couvert
de poils courts et roides,”’ means, acc ording to Henslow, the exact
opposite, “shaggy: when the pubescence is composed of lon g but
= stiff hairs.” And when we find that ——— — ils

same as hirsutus, which Lindley had g as a synon
hivtw, which DeCandolle had fiends i alacia idloctiail mae
Sette ee

* T.e,, “not so stiff” as in hispidus.
t I.e., ‘more thickly covered” than in pilosus, —

934 ON THE BOTANICAL TERMS FOR PUBESCENCE.

hispidus, which Henslow in turn makes equal to strigosus, it can be
seen how little precision has been attained.
It would appear as if the introduction of the post-Linnean term
hirtus was answerable for much of the confusion. According to
drew’s ‘ Lexicon,’ the primary form of hirsutus was ‘“ hirsus, &
variation of hirtus”; hirsutus being ‘quite classical,” and Airtus
P an.” The two words are therefore identical
in origin, and both are given as the equivalent of the Greek ducts.

» &
its disappearance from descriptive botany would be a step in the
right direction.

olosericeus, sericeus, and velutinus are other instances of vaguely
defined words, although the three can and should be made to
describe three distinct states of pubescence. Holosericeus is omitted
by Linneus, DeCandolle, Bentham, and Henslow; and by Germain
St. Pierre it is made a synonym, in one place of sericeus, in another
of velutinus, the latter also being its equivalent according to Sir
Joseph Hooker. Lindley, however, seems to have carefully special-
ised the term as ‘silky: so covered with hairs that it feels soft to
the touch, although the naked eye may fail to detect the presence
te)

without the drawback of synon uld appear to signify
covered with fine close straight hairs of silky sheen lying along the
surface, while velutinus should me pile of

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lanatus, long, loosely appressed and curled woolly hairs. :
_ The following is an attempt to define each term, and to give it
its place in one of two series, the first of which comprises pubescence
of distinct hairs, the second a more or less dense covering of the
whole surface described :-—
Series I.
1. Pubescens.—Furnished with not very numerous soft and downy
or short hairs. (Hairs fewer and shorter than in villosus).
2. Villosus.—Furnished with long and soft hairs lying on the surface.
(Hairs finer and more appressed than in pilosus).
8. Pilosus.—Furnished with slightly stiffened distinct hairs ascend-
ing from the surface. (Hairs less coarse, shorter, and fewer
han in hirsutus), :
4. Hirsutus.—Beset with long and rather coarse or stiff hairs.
airs less rigid and erect than in hispidus).

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE MOSSES. 235

5. us.—Beset with stout rigid or bristly erect hairs. (Hairs
neither flattened nor appressed as in strigosus).
6. Strigosus.—Rough and almost prickly, on account of the strong,

arp, rather flattened hairs which lie along the surface in
the same direction).

Serres II,
. Holosericeus.—Soft to the touch, with a close covering of very
short silky hairs not distinctly vais to the naked eye.
(Hairs eae and less distinct than in velutinus 4
. Velutinus.—Covered with a close silky coating of short fine hairs,
erect and of even bs a (Hairs erect and not unevenly
appressed, as in seric
8. Sericeus. S Coversd d with petal pressed, fine, straight, silky hairs.
ire not entangled, and not so fine or long as in arach-
noideu.

—_

i

ase

$ Se kacideu .—Covered with very long, soft, white, somewhat
viscous hairs, stretched and entangled like a cobweb. (Hairs
less numerous, much longer, and finer than in tomentosus).

Tomentosus.—Covered with not very long cottony hairs, more or
less felted together. Ag shorter and forming a less thick
cov than in lanatus.)

, Lanotis Covered wie Tong hairs, loosely curled together like

wool,

¥.

jor)

I have ventured to offer these remarks with less expectation
than desire that botanists may think them worthy of such
criticism or discussion as might lead to greater uniformity eer
precision in this section of glossology.

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE MOSSES.
By H. N. Drxon, M.A.

— there seems to be no record hitherto of the mosses of this
unty, it seemed worth while to publish this as a bestsntinary
lit, although being the result of little more than half a yea
tk, and that, with a few exceptions, confined to the district
Within a few miles of Northampton, it should not be long before it
is very Saal enlarged. It will be seen, for instance, that the
phagna, and indeed the bog-mosses generally, are totally u
represented, nothing of the nature of oe having come under m
notice. I am indebted to Mr. J. E. Bagnall for having most
kindly pias all the s ‘pecies which seemed to require con-
ae or which I was unable to identify. (N.B—b. = barren, f, =

Weissia viridula Brid. Brampton

Dicranella varia Hedw. at bo common. Zardley § Chemie: 6 —
D. rufescens Turn. Rare. Harleston Firs (o¢).—-
Hedw. Common.

236 ; NORTHAMPTONSHIRE MOSSES.

Dicranium scoparium L. Common (b.).

Campylopus pyriformis Brid. Harleston vlan &e.

Pleuridium nitidum Hedw. Great Houghton (b.). Mr. Bagnall
was not quite certain of — as the specimens were immature. —

P. subulatum J. Frequen

Phascum cuspidatum Stine. Abundant.

Pottia cavifolia Ehrh. Abundant on wall-tops. — P. minutula
Schwg. Nort thampton, Great Houghton. -- P. truncata L.
Common.

Didymodon rubellus B. & S. Walls, local (b.). — D. luridus
Hornsch. Local and barren. Northampton, Great Hoayiied &e.
—D. cylindricus Brauch. Frequent, but always barren.

Barbula rigida Schultz. Rare. eee ae Kingsthorpe.—
it hai coo & S. Common on the mud-caps of our walls.—B.

is L. Abundant. — B. unguiculata Dill. Abundant. — B.
pars Heaw: Frequent, mostly barren. — B. recurvifolia Schimp.
Yardley Chase (b. ?. —B. spadicea Mitt. Frequent, but barren.—B.
cylindrica Tayl. Rare. Northampton, Great Houghton (b.) —B.
vinealis Brid. Hardingstone (b.).—— B. revoluta cag Local.
Abington, &.— B. convoluta Hedw. Frequent (b.). — B.
Brebissoni Brid. Rare. Great Houghton (b.).——B. subulata L.
Local. Hardingstone, &c.— B. levipila Brid. Common.—

oO

a Frequen
B. intermedia Brid. Local on stone walls and banks; mostly
barren (f.). vee Houghton.—B. papillosa Wils. Local. North-
b.).

Ceratodon purpureus L. Abundant. Sporadically gemmiparous.
Eucalypta vulgaris Hedw. Rare. Abington, Weston Favell.
Grimmia apocarpa L. Frequent.—G. pulvinata Dill. Aa dant.
Zygodon viridissimus Dicks. Frequent. Abundantly gemmi-

parous (f.). Great Ho tos many sparingly.

Orthotrichum saxatile B Rare. Hardingstone. — 0. a
Schrad. Common. — 0, “tronincim Hornsch. Dallington
O. diaphanum Schrad. Common. — O. Lyellii H. & T. Frequent,
but barren. Hardingstone, Yardley —— &e.

Physcomitrium pyriforme omm
Funaria fascicularis Dicks, Rare. t Rikisathobpe: — F. hygro-
metrica L. Abundant.
Bartrania pomiformis L, Harleston Firs.
Webera nutans Sehreb. a gaan mat carnea Li. Kingathorpe.
mW. & M.

= ( oe hornum L. Not co aiacne ik nctatum
edw.

‘Aivchan undulatum li. Com
Pogonatum nanum Neck. Not: pe eee Harleston Firs. —
P, aloides Hedw. Kaingsthorpe.——P. urnigerum L. Harleston Firs.

SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’ 237

Pol ytrichum yeu Schreb. Not common. Kingsthorpe. —
Fs Sessiperiqum . Harleston Firs, &e.— P. commune L.
Common. Var. > patie Lyle. Harleston Firs (b.).

Fissidens bryoides Hedw. Common.-—- I’. ewilis Hedw. Rare.
Great Houghton. — F’. incurvus W. & M. Yardley Chase. — F’.
adiantoides Hedw. Rare. Abington (b.).— HF. tavifolius L.

ommon.

Fontinalis antipyretica L. Not common (b.).

aa heteromalia Hedw. Loeal. Fardingsions, &G.

Nea sciurotdes L. Common, but barr

Neckera complanata L. Common (f.). Yardley Chase.

h. Common.

Anomodon viticulosus L. Frequent, bb eae
Thuidium tamariscinum Hedw. Common (b.)

Thamnium alopecurum L. Yardley Chae (b. ).
Climacium dendroides L. Dallington Heath (b.).
Isothectum myurum Poll. Very com

Homalothecium sericeum L. A vcndane? generally barren

egsobathectetn glareosum B. & 8. Common (b.).—— B. velutinum
L. Com —B.rutabulum L. Abundant.—B, pS pot Hedw.
a

se heat sevens ides L. Frequent. — E. striatum Schreb.
Frequent (b.) — ken: Schreb. Rare. Yardley Chase (b.).

——H. Swartzii eee ocal (b ye Es pralongum Dill. undant.

Rhynchostegium ae: tum Dicks. Common.—R. murale Hedw.
Local. Althorpe, &¢.—R. eee Nee Frequent.

re

Plagiothecium denticulatum L.

Amblystegium serpens Li. Abundant. Sg irrig - Wis. Abing-
bon, &e. (b.).—A. riparium L. Common and va sane A barren

ar. from meadows, Northampton, Mr. Bagnall says is very near
ay longifolium. A submerged var. with long narrow leaves.
Yardley Chase.

Hypnum fluitans L. Not common. Yardley mee (b.). —

Jilicinum L. Not uncommon.—H. dd rg ites ae undant 4
very variable. Var. filiforme. Yardl 1ase. — H, gw apeme
Wils. Yardley Chase. — H. oe L. Common, mostly

barren. — H. Schreberi de Frequent (b.).-- H. purum L.
Common (f.). Yardley Chas

Hy geo splendens 5 Dill.’ Frequent Aas .— H. squarrosum L.
Common (b.). — H. triquetrum L. Com

SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’
By Pror. Jamzs W. H. Tram, M.D., F.L.S., anv Joun Roy.

@ as the result of a careful examination of the county

Biteas. for Forfar, Kincardine, Aberdeen N. and and

Igin, as given in Watson’s ‘ Topographical Botany,’ ed. 2, that

we are able to make several additions and corrections on them, the

238 — PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

result of cae. of several had duration, we have

sdyrethie r the following notes. The present is the most avouall
time to pubic al records, and we therefore now submit them
to the readers of the ‘ Journal of Botan

Thalictrum minus L. this plant var. maritimum re
occurs in at least Aberdeenshire and Banffshire. We have found
e fone though rarely, at St. Cyrus in Kincardineshire, but in “that

unty there are few hcalitige suitable for it.

Ranunculus Sar peltatus Fries. Add Kincardine and
Aberdeen N.— R&R. jfluitans L. In Banff, in the River Isla at
Cairnie. Found by the Rey. Dr. Keith—R. Flammula L., var.

. reptans L. berdeen N. ma
Strathbeg near Patgichond (Trail). — R. ‘Aap Curt. Found by
Mr. Duncan in Aberdeen N., near Slains, but tad ts as a casual.
Caltha radicans Forster. has been e-disco vered by Mr.
Sturrock in Forfarshire (vide ‘ Scottish Naitiiralis
Nuphar luteum Sm., var. minus Syme, i : found in Loch Kinnord

few miles north of Aberdeen, all in S. a bedituen 18 . pumilum Sm.
Recorded from Kincardine and from §. Aberdeen; is probably an
for it.

Forfarshire. In an experience of over twelve years it has fe
bait been found by us near Aberdeen, in late autumn, in a potato
e

Fumaria densiflora DC., is not uncommon on the extreme
northern border of Porfatshitre, hence it probably th also in

Co oronopus Ruellii Gaertn. The record for Banff requires
confirmation. ;

Cochlearia officinalis L., var. alpina, Wats. Add Banff (Cairn-
orm

Cardamine sylvatica Link. Confirm record for Forfar, and add
S. Aber ete

Arabis a Lam. Add Banff (Ballindalloch).

ported chee vulgare Gaertn. Add N. Aberdeen (Den of
Auchmedden). ‘
tlatine heaandra DO. Confirm record for 8. Aberdeenshire
(Loch Callater, Roy).

Sagina subulata Wimm. Add N. Aberdeenshire (marshy links
between Peterhe ad and Fraserbur

Cerastium trig gynum Vill. Add Ban ae estat rm).— C0. som
decandrum L. Add N. Aberdeen. —C. rice Curt. Add Banfi
(Boyndie).

Malva snbochete L., and M, sylvestris L., are both of frequent

SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’ 239

urrence in the district; but though they seem perfectly
established in various localities , there is no reason to regard either
c

cannot be regarded as even naturalised. A plant of M. borealis

. was found on some ground near Aberdeen, under process of
reclamation from an old river-bed, last summer, but was os course
a mere casual.

Geranium sanguineum L. occurs in N. Aberdeen (Collieston), on
coast.

Rhamnus tg ticus L. occurs in Kincardine and in §. Aberdeen,
along the River Dee; but though looking in some places almost
native, it is shee really so. — R. pe ula L. has no claim to be
cog as indigenous in N. Aberdee

Trifolium scabrum I., rec aciok from S. Kincardine, was
probably recorded under a “thistake for the next species ; ; at least it
needs to be ae Tere = the county.——T. striatum L. is common in
Kincardine, at St.

Lotus tenuis Kit. has ‘bas found in 8. Aberdeen, near Aberdeen
(Trail), and at Dinne t (Roy).

Astragalus Hi mags L. Add Banfi.

Ornithopus perpusillus L. has been found in Forfar (Broughty
Ferry), and in N. Aberdeen(Gight) ; but was possibly introduced only.

obrychis sativa Lam. has occurred in Forfar, but is doubtfully
@ native

Lat thyrus rus Aphaca Iu. may almost be said to be gees in
Clatt, in S. Aberdeenshire (Minto) ; and it was found last summer
near Aberdetn, as a casual. — L. sylvestris L. seems indigenous on
cliffs in St. Cyrus, in Riss rdine.

Lupinus perennis L., though not mentioned in British Floras,
even as a casual, is of v very frequent occurrence, and thoroughly
oo along t the one of the crate Dee, apts among

n the
equally well ostablished it in several other districts of Bootlats

Sibbaldia procumbens LL. The record for N. Aberdeen is s very
doubtful.

Potentilla pr minceome Sibth. Add 8. Aberdeen.

Rubus suberectus Anders. Add §. Aberdeen (Trail) —R. plicatus
W.&N. Add icsaetine and §. Aberdeen (Trail). — R. eset
Jolius W. & N. Add §. Aberdeen (Trail). asin thyrsoideus Wim
Add 8. Aberdeen (Trail).—R. Radula Weihe. Add Kine sedis
(Trail). — R. cor paseo Sm. Add Kincardine : ; and for var. sub-
lustris add S. Aberdee n (Trail).— A. cesius L. Add Kincardine

m.)
remonia agrimonioides L. thrives well in a small pacyrapeoee near
Aberdeen. It seems to be an a introduction
Rosa mollissima Willd. Add For
Epilobium alsinifolium Vill. Add Kine ardine,
weea Lautetiana L. is recorded for Kincardine and both Aber-
deens, and C. alpina L. is recorded for these and Banff. The only

240 SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

ga gathered by us in the district is C. intermedia, Ehrh. We

sert confidently, from our own observations, that this is the
a met with near Aberdeen, though not previously recorded
from that locality ; while both the — have been (erroneously)
asserted to be indigenous near the town.

Myriophyllum spicatum L., Ce ak from Kincardine, 8. Aber-
deen and Banff, has been recorded from these counties probably
under a mistake for the next species, which alone we have found

ere.— M. alterniflorum D Add Forfar, Kincardine an

Callitriche ookcai Kuetz. Add Forfar and N. yee
C. hamulata Kuetz. Add Forfar (Loch of Rescobie, Roy).—
peace L. Add §. Aberdeen (Loch of Park) and Bant

Aberdeen, and at Abo ne. — Ss. album Li. occurs in neardine

Saxi ry

must be Saliva from the list pw —¥. opporitifolia L. Add
(Glen Avon, Bisset et).— S. cespitosa L. Add 8. Aberdeen
(recorded by the late Dr. Macgillivray from Ben-na-buird).

Eryngium maritimum L., recorded from Kincardine — go N.
Aberdeen, is totally extinct now in both districts, so far an be
judged, after a careful inspection of the localities ‘ndicated “for it.
The plant can hardly have been wrongly named.

Smyrnium Olusatrum L. holds its Sonat in in the neighbourhood of
old buildings in various parts of the district from Kincardine to Banfi
sufficiently well to permit of its agp regarded as naturalised with us.

Cicuta virosa L. is not known on good authority to be found in
S. Aberd deen. The record for it ei an error.

Athusa Cynapium L., though recorded from all the districts in
this part of Scotland, is only a garden weed; though — in
certain gardens, it can hardly be called naturalised fully

nthriscus vulgaris Pers, Add Banff. This re ‘is of very
local distribution in the north-east of Scotland.

Sambucus Ebulus L. is recorded from all the counties included
in the present list as native; but there is great reason to doubt its
being native in any of t them. Its habitats are in all cases
suspiciously near ruins.

Viburnum Opulus Li. Shas ange with doubt from S. Aberdeen, is
as well established Soe as in Kincardine, though probably
naturalised in both.

Linnea borealis Gronov. Add N. Aberdeen. 1

Galium Cruciata Scop. is extremely local in 8. Aberdeen, while
ae. feoonde for N. Aberdeen and for Banff are very dou biful

€

SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’ _ 241

Knautia arvensis Coult. is rare in Aberdeenshire and i in Banff, and

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—_

Hieracium alpinum L. Add Banff (Roy). — wie holosericeum
Bach. Add Banff (Roy).—H. nigrescens Willd. Add Banff (Roy).
— H. murorum L. Add Banff. — H. soe Fries. Add Banff
(Roy). — H. rulyatum Fries. Add Banff. — H. prenanthoides Vill.
Add Forfar, Kincardine and Elgin (Dr. pear —H, corymbosum,
Add Kincardine and §. Aberdeen (Trail).

‘araxacum officinal e Wigg., vars. erythrospermum and levigatum.
i 8. Aberdeen ; the latter is pity be to the sandhills along the

a am Virgaurea L. Add. N. Aberdeen.

Senecio viscosus L. Add Banff ( berg Bisset).

Tanacetum vulyare L. Recorded for all the counties under
consideration ; is not native in any, onak well established in
many places in all of them

Arctostaphylos alpina Spr reng. Recorded for Forfar and for

- Aberdeen; is so doubtful for both that it should probably be
excluded, if not confirmed aa seanienm records.

entiana Amarella L. Add Banff.

keg Centaurium Pers. a record of §. Aberdeen is

ibpren
scl agama Murr. is not native or even naturalised in
8. i

Decnses, saxatilis L. requires confirmation as occurring in Banfi
—V. polita Fries. A corn-field weed in - Aberdeen. — V. Bua-
baumii Ten. is thoroughly ei erie and in “pees places is com-
mon in Kine ates, S. and N. Aberd n, Banff and apg

Kincardine, 8. Therdest, and Banff.—L. C hes is also
naturalised on old walls in various localities near Aberdee
Lycopus europeus L. Add §. Aberdeen — — bas
Roy). It is very rare there, as well as in Kine
Lamium album I. is common in many eas in Kincar
8. Aberdeen, and Banff (Portsoy). — L. inter Pe I Fries. Add
Kincardine.
Galeopsis versicolor Curt. Add Elgi
Muyosdsis watesir: is With. Add Berraciios (Arbuthnott, Trail)
dN. Aber n (along the Ythan at Ellon
Anchusa sper virens L. is quite natur: alised in several localities
in Forfar, Kincardine, §. Aberdeen, Banff, and Elgin
Asperugo — L. Naturalised in N. eae in one
locality.
a officinale L. is naturalised here and there in
Kineardine, and in 8. and N. Aberdeen (near Bru
Camighioiem officinale L. occurs in Banff (Den of Boyne), but
probably was introduce
Plantago media LL. has been found in §. Aberdeen (Drumoak),
but is doubifully native there as well as in N. Aberdeen.
Chenopodium urbicum L., intermedium, and C. rubrum Li. in

Journan or Botany.—Vow. 22. [Aveusr, 1884. ] BR

242, SCOTTISH PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.

‘ Topographical Botany,’ are recorded from 8. Aberdeen, but
aco ad erroneously in each case.
riplex laciniate Sm. (arenaria Woods) is also recorded for
8. Rieblees, and is also a probable error of observation. The
same applies to A. littoralis L.
ex conspersus Hart. Add eta (St. Cyrus). — R.
sanguineus L. Add N. Aberdeen and Ban
ta Peplus L. Add Ki outa

Humulus Lupulus L. may almost be said to be naturalised here
and there, in Forfar, Kincardine, and 8. Aberdeen.

Betula alba L. Add N. Aberdeen.

Salix ambigua Ehrh. Add 8. Aberdeen (between Aboyne and
Tarland, Roy).—S. Lapponum L. Add Banff (Cairngorm),

Neottia Nidus-avis Rich. Add = (Nairn, Miss Grant. )

Listera ovata Br. Add N. Aberdee

Orchis incarnata L. Add Knicd#aivio and §. and N. Aberdeen.

Habenaria bifolia Bab. Add Forfar and Kincardine. — H.
Cotintan Bab. Add Forfar

Malazis paludosa Sw. Ada Elgin (Nairn, Croall).

Najcissus Pseudo-narcissus lu. Naturalised tovigiwally planted)
ag S. Aberdeen (Banchory Ternan), nr in N. Aberdeen (near Old

Allium vineale L. Add N. aa: (Collieston).—A. oleraceum

occurs in Kincardine (St. Cyrus) under circumstances that
would seem sufticient proof that 7’ is native there.

Gagea lutea Ker. Add §. Aberdeen i et in a wood near
Balmoral, Roy) and Elgin (Nairn, Rev. J. Bricher

Scilla verna Huds. grows in Elgin at Covesea (Miss Johnstone).

Polyygonatum multiflorum All. and P. officinale All., which are
both recorded . Aberdeen, are not found there, except
perhaps as casuals. ‘

Tofieldia palustris Huds. The record for Elgin requires con-
firmation.

Anacharis Alsinastrum Bab. is well naturalised in numerous
pools in Forfar, Kincardine, and §. Aberdeen.

Potamogeton oe M. & K. Add §. Aberdeen (Loch of
Kinnord). — P. nitens Web. Add §. Aberdeen (in the Don). —
P. natans L. (segr.). Add Kincardine and N. Aberdeen

Typha latifolia L. is well naturalised in one or two localities in
Ls os erdeen (Loch of Park), and in N. Aberdeen (Drumblade,

ar

Tavzuta arcuata Hook. Record for Forfar much needs con-
firmatio

Rhy eg hespora alba Mops though given for all the counties, has
not bee et with b

(Drumoak).—~— C. intermedia Good. Add §. Aberdeen (between
Aberdeen and Ellon, Trai rail), ©. paniculata L. Add Kin eardine
and Banff.—C. acuta L, was recorded from the counties in question

ee.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA, 243

under error, C. aquatilis having been mistaken for it,—C. flava L.
(segr.) Add Forfar and Kincardine. —- Var. lepidocarpa. Add
Forfar and Kincardine. ——- Var. Utderi. Add Kineardine. — ¢
vaginata Tasch. Add Banff (Cairngorm, on which it was found by
G. Don in the year 1802).— C. sylvatica Huds. Add Kineardine
(Féttercairn. )—C., vesicaria Li. Add Forfar and Kineardine. Very
scarce

Seileria cer ulea Scop. is not found in §. Aberdeen, so far as known.

dira uliyinosa Weihe. d Banff.

Melica uniflora Retz. seems recorded from §. Aberdeen in error.

Schler — distans Bab. Add §. Aberdeen (on sandhills along
the coast).—S. riyida Link. was found rather abundantly on some
waste gr eae in the neighbourhood of Aberdeen, but probably as a
oy

va Haenke. Add Forfar.—P. stricta Lindb. Add Forfar,

Carian | is the habitat of both. —P. nemoralis L. Add B

Lolium italicum ee is plentiful in notre rt from shies it
has naturalised itse noe many parts of a e divisions of the
north-east of Scot ie — L. temulentum Li, Add Elgin ( fide

r. Gordon).

Polypodium caleaream Sm. §. Aberdeen (Scotston Moor, in a

quarry ; for years extinct; a very doubtful native). Its record for
N. Aberdeen is prohabty erroneous.
Allosorus crispus Ber dd N. Soaere es rte

strea Oreopteris Presl. Add N. Ae ak een and Banff. — I.
spinulosa Presl. Confirm records for Forfar and Kincardine. °

Asplenium viride Huds. Add Banff.

Hymenophyllum Wilsoni Hooker belongs to 8. Aberdeen rather
than to N. Aberdeen, being found only on Ben-na-chie in thit
district,

opodium annotinum L. Add Kincardine.—L. inundatum L.
occurs in pee pane ig (Strachan), and in more than one locality in
8. Aberdeen (Roy).

Selayinella selaginoides Gray. Add N. Aberdeen and Ban
. me came variegatum Schl. Add 8. Aberdeen (mouth of River

than).

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SEFLAGINELLA.
By J; G. Bawer, F.RS.,. &c.
(Continued from p. 113.)

38. S. peLrores A. Br. in Crypt. Noy. Gran. 871. — Stems
trailing, 2-8 in. long, Scnsanels pinnate, the lower branches

nd.
ascending towards the tip of the branches, spaced and spreading
on the main stem, oblong- -lanceolate, subacute, a line long, bright
ee firmer in texture than in albonitens, rather more produced
n the upper side of the midrib, not ciliated, cordate on the upper
side at the base, and imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper

244 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

plane half as long, oblique ovate, acute, not cuspidate. Spikes
square, 4-1 in. long, 1 lin. diam; bracts ovate-lanceolate, rigid,
strongly keeled.

Hab. Inundated caatingas at Panuré, on the Rio Uapes, Spruce

2535! <A near ally of S. albonitens

13 LAGELLATA Sprin Mon. ii. 208. -- Stems trailing,
intermatted, “half a foot long, the branches erecto-patent, the
lower perpiously compound, the branchlets excurrent and whip-like

at end. Leaves of the lower plane ovate-lanceolate, very acute,
<a a line long, pellucid, bright green, more produced on the
Bpper side of the midrib, rounded at the base, shortly ciliated, and

mbricated over the stem ; leaves of the upper plane one- third as
tag, ovate-acuminate, falcate, convergent. Spikes 4-4 in. long;
bracts very acuminate, strongly
. rench Guiana, on rocks on the banks of the streams
of Upper Oyapok, Leprieur.
hora, n. sp. — Stems very slender, trailing,
4 " — closely pinnate, the erecto-patent branches Pune

compound, both branches and main stem often excurrent and
whip-like at the tip. Leaves of the branchlets oblong-lanceolate,
contiguous and ascending, the main a ceolate,

with a Tong ouRp. Spikes e,+-+4 in. long, 4 lin. diam.; bract
Sennen 291 3
Series II.—AscenpEntEs.
Group I.—Svuserecre.

- §. vemensis Spring Mon. ii. 198; S. adunca A. Br.; Lyco-
sila jemenee Sw. Syn. Fil., tab. 4, fig. 4.—Stems 6-9 in. long,

wiry, decumbent and unbranched, with root-fibres from nodes
in the lower part, decompound upwards, with dense erecto-patent
flabellately compound branches. Leaves obscurely dimorphous,
those of the lower plane imbricated, usually ah sbgaens to the stem,
rarely erecto-patent, oblong, euspidate, 4 lin. long, rigid in texture,
with a distinct white serrulate edge 5, those of the upper plane
rather shorter an ore erect. ort, — 3-1 lin.

whal, and
mountains of Arabia and Aby ssinia. A near ally of sanguinolenta

and borealis, and a connecting link between the subgenera Huselagi-
nella and Stachyg, onageiber
14

S. BOREAL s Spring Mon. ii. 96; S. ap to snes

*

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 245

obovate, 4 lin. long, cuspidate, firm in texture, convex on the back,
with a ‘distinct keel, slightly oblique; those of the u or cai
erect and rather smaller. Spikes square, }-4 in. long, $ lin.

bracts deltoid, aiee imbricated, 4 lin. long, angular on the hee

Hab. Eastern Siberia, Kamscha tka, and Eastern Himalayas.
Habit of S. sanguinolenta, from which it differs by its slightly di-
morphous leaves. Rarely the stems are decumbent, with root-
fibres from ie upper nodes.

14 ocaledonica, n.sp.— Stems suberect, with root-
fibres from the bate only, reaching a length of half a foot, distantl
pinnate, the short erecto-patent branches sparingly compound.
Leaves of the lower plane close on the branchlets, spaced on the
main stem, erecto-patent, a oe subacute, bright en firm in

e stem; leaves of the upper plane half as ing ora, acute, not
siuspidnte: Spikes short; square, 4 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate,
strongly keeled, scarcely longer than the sporangia.

Hab. New Caledonia, in damp places on the mountains of
hae Vieillard 1690!

. S. Macgillivrayi, n. sp.—-Stems reaching a length of
6- 0 i in., suberect, with root- Races from the base only, bisulcate on

sporangia.
Hab. Isle of Pines, in clefts of rock near the summit of the
ei A ser retinas 729! Milne 208!
ava Spring Mon. ii. 204, ex parte—Stems sub-
wee: half a foot long, with root-fibres from the base only, copiously
pinnate, angled on the face, the close erecto-patent ranches

cute.
with a long eine, stron i anstod:
_ Hab. Philippines, Cuming 2014!
oomuatae) . Sp.— S. barbata See 2 Mon. ii. 204, ex

th
Leaves of the lower plane crowded and much i reaied 6a on the
branchlets, nearly aiienine on the main stem, ascending, oblique

246 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

plane half as long, ce haa srbdnts much imbricated on
the branchlets. Spikes no
Hab. Malacca, Grifith | EU ies Yangtze, China, Francis !
S. acuraneuta Spring Mon. ii. 2061. — Stem erect, about

branches copiously pinnate. Leaves of the lower plane rather
2 a i bo th o n the stem and branches, spreading, ro, Lath

‘aia over the stan on a Sine: sid e base; leaves of the
upper plane half as long, ovate, wie a Spar cusp, oid es
ciliated. Spikes square, copious, 1} in. long, 1 lin. diam. ; bracts
ovate, acute, aces hag keele d.

Hab. Malacca, Griffith

148. 8. Sea ieee Sptng Mon. ii. 92; S. camptostachys Fée
Fil. Bras. 295, tab. 75, fig. 8.—Stems 8-6 in. long, suberect, with

root-fibres from the base only, copiously pinnate, ‘the erecto- patent
ranches considerably compound. Leaves of the lower plane
ascending and contiguous bath o n the stem and branches, oblong-
lanceolate, acute, bright green, palddtately firm in texture, ? es
one: nearly equal- sided, rounded, shortly ciliated and imbricated
r the stem on the upper ‘side at the base ; leaves Be the upper

square, {-} in. long, 4 lin. Danks bracts ovate, eee strongly

se Rio Hr acct ! vt edd rier !

Group II.—Arrovirmes.

150. S. microclada, n. sp.—Stems suberect, 4-6 in. long,
with root-fibres only from the lower part, flat on the back, bisule
down the face, flabellately dee ompound, the verse of no the
branchlets very much smaller Gilt those of the ste Leaves of
the lower plane spaced even on the branchlets, scsi or sci
ing, oblique ovate, subacute te, Lin. long, pale green, moderately

oo very unequal-sided, not all ciliated, broadly rounded and

SHORT NQTES. 247

much imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base >
leaves of Lv ie plane half as long, ovate. shortly cuspidate.
Spikes no
Hab. Gee. -tong, Sikkim, alt. 4000 feet, Dr. Anderson, 1404!
51. 5. Puumea Spring Mon. ii. 136. _-Stems suberect, 4-1 ft.

on the back, decompound, the branching between pinnate
flabellate. Leaves of the lower plane crowded on the biiiehtota,
rather spaced on the main stem; oblong- lanceolate, acute, 3-4 in.
long, bright green, not firm in texture, i cordate, shortly
ciliated and much im neiontod over the stem on the upper side at
the base ; leaves of the upper plane small, oborakey imbriested, with
& cusp as long as the blade. Spikes copious, +-4 in. long, 1 lin.
diam. ; bracts ovate, acuminate, strongly keeled.
; Hab. Ma lay peninsula, Griffith | Lady Dalhousie! Maingay
832 !

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES,

Kertosrum Ausiniroiium In Iretanp.—The Royal Irish Academy

the present month with Mr. R. P. Vowell, and we were fortunate
enough to discover Hpilobium alsinifolium, hitherto unrecorded from
Ireland. Mr. J. _ oe and Mr. A. G. More have kindly examined

rarities, —

m Smrrun Hooker in Camsripersnire. — This species,
possibly hitherto ovdiieialds has been found in District 7 growing
on Blackmoor Drove, in Sutton parish. The allied species, na
campestre Br., often produces ca or twelve stems from the sam
rosette, even when the main central stem is uninjured, so that ina

ist

campestre. The distribution of this latter plant in this pert of
ambridgeshire and the adjacent lands of Huntingdon is very
curious, “and at first sight apparently < to cencental siete
. aeting with unusual irregularity ; but careful investigation shows
that the plant f the course of the Old West Water £ from its
entrance a ee soatitey at Earith to Chatteris Ferr aie that it
Was carried from thence by the old Slade Lode through

p

248 i SHORT NOTES.

towards March, where the latter watercourse fell into the old
Nene. Along these silted-up rivers, and by the old ‘‘ crooked dykes

that carried off, and were subjected to, their overflows through the
fens, L. campestre occurs in some abundance. There a ee Oo)
the ancient drainage of the fens in Dugdale’s ‘ Drainage and I

banking,’ which oe and explains the theory of distribution
here given. It must be borne in mind that the former course 0:
these old waters is divi dry, and for the protiter part level with and

undistinguishable from the surrounding fens.—Aurrep Fryer.
Eurnorsta Laruyris IN ee —This plant occurs
truly wild in the Great Wood, uae Willy ih in some little
quantity. No introduced plant was near. Mr. Lewin found it

near Fineslade, and Mr. Mott ipod it on the borders ‘of Bedford
Purlieus: so its range is fairly wide in that great woodland tract.

Lberis a: being quite ren arance to any other
Callitriche : in this locality ‘a pated probably confusus, grew
wit < a also found it near Ingoldistho a in water in which a
_ —_— of red matter was suspen _ More — while

pl ants 8 home, which now show ey peenliac habit. I might ie

Pez "Sele ie .& Br. IN ‘Su FFOLK.—
For fanart vyeia ake this ~ saa has scsi in abundance at
the Grove, in the parish of Great Glenham, near Saxmundh
It is found in spring growing almost as close as -s can stand under
and near a large cedar. Some thirty years o I on several
occasions in spring found Verpa digitaliformis Pp. Osea semt-
libera DC., and Peziza venosa P. in the same neighbourh oO
are recorded in the ‘ Suffolk Flora’ by Henslow & Skepper, but, as
the Verpa is rare, I pe: it may be well to put them on record
again.—

CENTAUREA ren IN at ssrx.—My anticipations with respect to
this plant (p. 150) have, I am glad to say, been realised; £ have
not only met with it again in the same locality as last year, but .:

ve also found several a of it in another upland meadow at

SHORT NOTES. 249

no great distance and in the same parish * /‘wirlight. Doubtless
there were more pl _— than we observed, as those we saw were

standing grass, as br should have done by searching rorya
Though distinct- carers enough when we were close to them,
found that we were very liable to pass them by as merely C. digit
In fact we Bes didtiee almost stamped on them before we observed
the difference ; this was more especially the case when they were
not yet in blossom. —E.

near Preston Candover; Viola cn, tur near Holmesley ;
Gnaphalium dioicum, parish of oo (see “Journ. Bot. 1883,
346); Ga a

Ny

Dryopteris, wood above Hankley ; “though far frou hy garden,

it must be args as a doubtful native of Ham mps
Bucéxs Prants.—The following aquatic plants were observed in
the neighboathood of Fenny pis during a few days’ visit in July,
1883. Some of them were growing in the Grand Junction Canal,
which furnished all the Potamogetons, exe pusillus. The others
occurred in the River Ouzel :—Ranuneulus circinatus, aegis
demersum in fruit, Lemna minor, L. poly Na Potamogeton cefiiaten,
- eu-lucens, P. zoster ifolius, P. —— . eu-pectinatus, Elodea

geler iculata L., Myosotis palustris With. Rumex aquaticus L., pi
gantun ramoswm Huds., Sagittaria sagittifolia L., Butomus wmbellatus
L., Scirpus palustris L. Osmunda regalis still lingers in the woods
on the lower greensand escarpment near Little Brickhill; after
considerable search one plant was found ome in the company
of alders, ca ie and bog-moe es.—d. NDER:

ish Heparicn. — ea spending a few days near

e rare Lejeunia hamatifoia ee, L. ovata Tayl., and seer
Sh eaatone Tayl.; also three rare mosses, ern demisnun

Beprorpsaire Piants ae pacar in Batt Beds. addi-
tional hse published it in Journ. Bot., 1883 :—Thalictrum flavum L.
Meadow near Leighton, Mr. Piffard. My osurus minimus San
_ Flitwick. a eaese eu-heterophy iil Fries. Po nd, Sundon.
pseudo-fluitans Bosw. Stream, Limbury and Le ighton.—R.
trichophyllus Chaix. “Di tches, Chorlton.— Fumaria densiflora DC.—
elds, Barton Hills.——Viola permivta Jord. Under beech trees,
south of Luton.—Pol; ygala en Wender. Warden Hills.—
Menchia erecta Sm. Flitwick Marsh, Mr. MeLaren. — Montia
fontana L. Ampthill. Grail pusillum L. eMeicago maculata

250 SHORT NOTES.

Sibth. | rua Clophill, Rev. H. Crouch.--—T'vrifolium subterranewum
-L. Clophill, J. MeL. — Vv. striatwn Lu. Maulden cL.—
Astragalus ylycyphyllus L. Warden Hills. — Lathyrus sylvestris
L. Aspley Woods.——Potentilla argented L. Clophill Woods, in an
old sand-pit, J. MeL.—Parnassia palustris L. Leagrave Pai
Limbury Marsh, and the lower chalk escarpment, Streatley.—
Pea pasties Koch. Pond at Pepperatock.— Gfngaihs
fluviat oleman. River Ivel, near Leighton.—Coniwn macu-
latum rs Shillington. — Galium erectum Huds. Flitwick Marsh.
—— Asperula cynanchica L. Dunstaple Hills. — Anthemis nobilis L.
Leagrave.— trian 8 i isttater Aspley, J. McL.—-Helminthia
echioides Gaert. Stre , Flitwick.—— Crepis biennis L. pley
Heath, J. McL. — pad Belladonna Ii. Luton Hoo Woods,
Mr. Catt, associated with Aristolochia Clematitis. — Veronica Bux-
baumii Ten. Sto psley._-Orobanche major L. Sharpenhoe.—lumew
conglomeratus Murr.— Quercus sessiliflora Sm. Luton Hoo, Mr. Catt.
Probably planted.

Il. me gon ovserved in North Beds. but not peed in South
Beds. — collected by Mr. McLaren, of Cardington :—
ce eat _fluitans L. River Ouse.--R. hirsutus Curt. Clover

pebeiaR. parviflorus L. Cardington, Goldington.

—Papaver hybridum Li. Cox’s Pits, Bedford. sdcoohial alba L.

Dunstable. Sisymbrium Sophia Lu. Near Cardington Mill. —-

* Aly aoa calycinum L. Biddenham, 1864. — Teesdatia nudicaulis
Tillbrook.—Senebiera didyma Pers. ngton Cr

= Geren eaceepige —L. Cox’s Pits. G. p ra enaicum Li.
Kor n.—Genista anglica Li. Chaplain Wood.—T*rifolium ochro-
Baie as and T. fragiferum L.- Park Lane. —T. filiforme L.

dington. — Lotus tenuis Kit. Harrowden Hill. -— Vicia sylvatica
Sheerhateh Woo od. — V. lutea io gga bank, Cardington. —

a — Apium 4 graveolens nw Bletine and Midburgh. — Sison

Amomum Li. — Siwn latifolium L. By the River Ouse. — Smyrnium

Olusatrum L. Elstow.— Dipsacus pilosus L. Little Warden Wood.

— Centaurea solstitialis L. Goldington. — Achillea Ptarmica L.
us

n.
ing yr um cristatum L. Clapham.—— Mentha sativa L. Gold-
ington.— sigs menthifolia Host. ardington.—Lithospermum
officinale a Manor Wood. — Myosotis collina Reich. Cardin ngton
—C ay he afieinal L. GCox’s Pits. — Lysimachia vulgaris L.
By the a Ouse. —— Ana sesllie cerulea Sm. A garden weed.
Cardington. —— Chenopodium ~ poly ysper mun Li. Cotton End. —-
eben deltoidea Bab. Cardi ington. —— Liumex A mts / L. Card-
ngton. — fi. Hydrolapathum Huds. By the River Ouse. True
curialis annua Ii, Bedford, Ford End. — Utica agen me
e

SHORT NOTES. 251

and Carex acuta L. the River Ouse. —- seer a, es
Bikécdlata Roth. Warden Worn: — Festuca loliacea Huds.
iver Ouse.—Brachypodium pinnatum Beauv. Cardington
Manor a ~——JamEes SAUNDERS.
SITES orriciNALIs Moench.—In English ata: he the
subject of these notes is oreditad with being subdice , but as

vt n
of specimens from various localities within the last two or three
years—the species is distinctly diwcious functionally, if not abso-
lutely so, from a purely structural standpoint. “A good m many
British botanists seem totally unacquainted with the fotnale plant,
and the distribution of the two sexes in Britain never seems to
have been worked out. With a view of calling the attention of
workers in various parts of the country to these points of interest,
the following notes are pee written. The male plant is un-
doubtedly by far the most common in Britain, and, judging from

same remark holds good with regard to the Continent. The flower-

heads are more shortly stalked, and are much larger than those of

the female; the silky white pappus is aig and much less

abundant, and the style-arms never separate, but form a thick

clavate mass. In the female, on the other hast the flower-heads

are considerably smaller, and a baigpens as a rale, much more
a

; the nd
Not E unfiegnenthyy in the centr . “of, female flower-heads, may be

connate, as in the ordinary male plant. The ie of the

male plant i is as follows :—Petasites vulgaris Desf., P. riparia Jord.,
P. Reuteriana Jord., sea Petasites L. That of the female—
Lussilago hybrida Gy. T. Sebethia Ten., Petasites “ B. hybrida
Hook., P. pratensis Jord I ate not seen specimens of P. con-
similis Jori., P. macroph yllus Schur., and P, satarnidia es if
am not certain _to which of Pcoxes to refer

‘Specimen from Egham, Surrey, and andes sie Munden Bog,

Shire both sexes grow together in great abundance, as also in
Northumberland and Laneashire. I ‘have seen specimens of the
ey plant also from near Glasgow and Edinburgh ; an Dr. J.

deen. The Orkney plants, kindly sent me by De. H. Halero

ohnston, were all males. From the Continent I till we speci-
mens from two or three localities in France, Switzerland, and
Naples.—G, Nicuoson.

252

OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 1883 OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

By W. Carruruers, F.R.S.

Tue principal additions to the collections during the year have
consisted in a further continuation of the valuable herbarium
of Indian plants presented by Charles Baron Clarke, Esq.
amounting to 182 species; 878 species of*plants from Socotra,
collected and presented by Professor Bayley Balfour; 538 species
of American plants, presented by F. C. S. Roper, Esq.; 876
species of North American plants, from the Department of
Agriculture, United States; 187 species of European plants from

. ett, Esq.; a small collection of plants from Ceylon,
presented by Dr. Trimen; 27 species of Australian Orchids,

manian Mosses, presented by E. T. Newton, Esq.; 11 species
of North American Polygalacea, from A. Bennett, Ksq.; a sma
p

Orchide@ and 8 Aroidee, from H. J. Veitch, Esq.; and specimens
of Pringlea and Lyallia from the ‘ Challenger’ office. The follow-
ing collections have been acquired by purchase :—1,234 plants
from South Africa, collected by Rehmann; and 340 from the same
region, collected by Ecklon and Zeyher; from Madagascar 707
plants collected by Hildebrandt, 531 by Baron, and 450 by Deans
Cowan; 830 from the Caucasus, collected by Brotherus; 233
plants from Palestine, collected by Post; 1,500 plants from
Sumatra, collected by Forbes; 700 plants from New Zealand,

species of Fungi from Austria, collected by Rehm ; 100 species of
- ungi from Germany, from Thuemen; 100 slides of Diatomacee

collected by Man on; and a specimen of the rare Broomeia
congregata, presented by Professor MacOwan.

A series of fruits from Sumatra, collected by H. 0. Forbes, Esq.,
has been added to the collection of fruits ; a portion of the trunk of
a fine Yew tree from Sutton Park has been presented by his Grace
the Duke of Devonshire ; and 23 specimens of raw vegetable fibres
from South-east Java, presented by H. O. Forbes, Esq.

To the British Herbarium there have been added the valuable
herbarium of the Rey. Hugh Davies, author of ‘ Welsh Botan-
ologia,’ ining the ecimens of
species from the Rey. W. H. Painter; 116 species from C. Bailey,
Esq.; 91 species from J. Saunders, Esq.; 75 species from Horace

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 253

Pearce, Esq.; 67 species from Devon and Cornwall, presented by

Briggs, Ksq.; 50 species from Wicklow, presented by Miss
Kinahan : 230 preparations of cellular plants, by Mr. Joshua; and
specimens of rare an itical species from the Rev. T, S. L

A. G. More, Esq., H. G. Glasspoole, Esq., F. C. 8. Roper, Esgq.,
A. Bennett, Esq., Rev. R. P. Murray, F. ‘Lownsond, Egq., G. C.

8q
The rare and critical British plants contributed by botanists
have ie incorporated with the British Herbarium; and also the
plants of Samuel Dale’s erbaic whic. was hae eeuked to

Holmes Esq . Wm: Phillips, Esq,, H. G. Glasspoole,

Est. W. H. Pearson, ae R. V. Tellam, Esq., C. B. Plowright,

and K. George, Esq. The extensive collection of British

eet formed by the late Rev. H. H. Wood, has been purchased

from his representatives, and 215 specimens of Hepatice from

Carrington and Pearson

ome progress has been made in the preparation of a fuller and

more exact catalogue of the contents of the Sloane Herbarium

than has agit existed ; and the plants ipaecaed by Cunningham

in China n 1680, and distributed through several volumes of the
Sloane Bolan have been catalo sata

A
acta has been made during the year, and the whole has been
arranged and mounted in one series.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
A Synopsis of the Bacteria ~ ag Fungi. By W. B. Grove, B.A.
London : o & Windus. 1884.

Is is an excellent little are which will prove to be of great
use to Wor kers at the chaotie group of which it treats. Mr. Grove
has translated the section devoted to the vibes by Dr. Winter in
the new edition of Rabenh orst’s ‘ Kryptogamen- Flora,’ and, besides
this useful service, he gives us his own views on classification, and
a resumé of the iapouad of others. It may be safely admitted that
few groups of plants present greater difficulties to the systematist
than this, owing to the incompleteness of the life-histories; but

254 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

botanists shoul’ make a much more emphatic protest than has
een made to my knowledge against the use of the purely rides
logical characters, which only pile confusion on our ignorance.
Such physiological characters are the defect of Winter’s eaten
and we find as a result of their adoption a preference given to
physiological over morphological characters in the oe of

ohn’s classification on the first and second pages. The v of
such characters is naturally of the first importance in other gee
but in a botanical classification they are decidedly out of place.

sola and all others who differ from his opinion.” Mr. Grove

ape ism of the Uredines.” Without ere tre in the very least
degree to a from the valuable observations of Mr. Plowright,
it is only fair to Prof. De Bary to state that this matter was
en, establis hed” years ago, and that Mr. Plowright,
hile now extending our knowledge and fighting a good fight, is,
however, as regards the main issue, only slaying the slain
The isha Hons, though somewhat unequal, are yet on the
whole very goo , and Mr. Grove has done us good service in
presenting us with this body of information in so handy - a

A pampHtet, entitled ‘The Ferns of York, including also Nid-
derdale, and the districts around Thirsk, Scarbro’, and Whitby,’
has been issued by Mr. Sessions, of York, at the price of 6d. Mr.

otson’s name appears as that of the author, but as the
editors (Messrs. B. B. Le Tall and A. R. Waller) say that ‘the
part [they] have taken in this work has be n to re-arrange an
re-write it,” it is a little dificult to siesdieataic Mr. Ibbotson’s
i with the list, which seems a very complete one.

. Porrirr have retired from the
eer of the ‘ Naturalist,’ "which they have managed for the
ast nine years. They will be succceded by Messrs. W. D. Roebuck
and W. E. Clarke.

Tue recently issued part of the ‘Tr anesainos of the Yorkstug
Naturalists’ Union’ are a Report on Yorkshire Botany [0
1880, by Mr. F. A. Lees, and the first ae} of a paper on the Pics
of Ripon and the aeighhe Bead. by the Rev. H. H. Slater.

Mr. Urcorr Giz (170, Strand) is publishing what promises to
be a very useful and comprehensive work under the title of ‘The

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 255

Tlustrated Dictionary of Gardening,’ in sixpenny parts, 0 ich
eight have been already issued. It is copiously instrabed, and
the fact Mr. George Nicholson has been entrusted with the revision
of the proofs is a guarantee that the literary portion is satisfactorily

one. References to good published figures have been ‘added, but
the abbreviations of titles strike us a Copchnrsias unfortunate—
e.g., “A. B. BR.” = Andrews’ Botanist’s Si wi ory; “arg.
Aublet’s Histoire des Plantes de la Guyane Frangaise ; and so on.
Why Mr. Bentham’s ‘ Flora Aumitaliensis’ (‘“«B. F. A.’’) is included
in the list we do not know, as it contains no figures.

cond and conehadliag part of hors exhaustive work on

‘ Die Bdaiechen Volksnamen der Pflanzen,’ by Drs. Pritzel pen
Jessen, has lately appeared. It con sists chiefly of the German >
popular names arranged alphabetically, with tho scientific pecs
lents of each. — Messrs. Britten and Holland are now completing
the Appendix with which their ‘Dictionary of English Plant-
Names’ will conclude; they propose to give a brief bibliography of
the subject, and references to little-known Ss or papers, or
additional plant-names, will be gladly igs vel by the Editor of
this Journal.

Tue third edition of Sir J. D. Hooker’s ‘ Student’s Flora’ has

been issued ; we enone to notice it at length in an early number

New Booxs. — L. Lesquerevx & T. P. James, ‘ Manual of the
Mosses of Novi America’ ee pp. v. 447, 6 plates: Boston,
Cassino, £1 1s. Od.). — A. Hausen, nica der Anato om
und Piyatsluis der Pflanzen’ (8vo, pp. 74: Wir rere —
Facey, ‘ Flore des Lichens de Franche- Comte,’ pt. i. (Svo, pp. 2
Besancon, Marion). —— i. H. L. Krause, rs Peres aan 9 a
Uebersicht der ae yon Mecklenburg’ (8vo, pp. 146: Gustrow
Opitz). . Ra i

135: za" (Dicotyle ~~ C. pe Ficatuo, ‘ Plantas uteis da Africa Portu-

F. Wou
168, tt. 58: Bethlehem: Pa.).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
American 4 rset t. — J. B. Ellis, ‘ Notes on Fungi.’ — A. F
Foerste, ‘Structure and Physiology of Passiflora lutea’ Sieswavl ).
seeds, § Flower a ee dioica.’

Boieriéat Gazette. — J. Sehneck, ‘ Notes on Phoradendron
flavescens.’

Bot. aanveokanm ae vite 28).— H. Mayr, ‘ Polyporus betulinus
and P levig "(2 plates). — (No. 29). A. Nathorst, ‘ Zur

Satiedocs bay
Bot. Zeitung rats 4). — A. Koch, ‘ Ueber den Verlauf und die
Endigungen der Siebréhen in den Bliittern’ (1 plate).—— (July 11).
EK, Fischer, ‘ Zur ee der Gastromyeet en.’
Bull. Soc. Bot. France (xxxi. pt. 5)—P. Van Tieghem, ‘ Monas-
cus, genre nouveau des suanpeuben? —Id., ‘Sur les canaux

256 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

sécréteurs des Liquidambarées et des Simarubacées.’ — M. Loret

Androsace diapensioudes et pyrenaica, des Antirrhinum saxatile et

sempervirens.’ — G. Bonnier, ‘Sur Uae différentes formes des fleurs
e la méme espéce.’ — P. Vuillenim, ‘ Sur la raccord des systemes

sécréteurs.’—G. Rouy, ‘ _ iain botaniques en Espagne.

Flora (July 21). — W. Nylander, ‘ Addenda Nova ad Licheno-
gra aphiam europeam.’ — H. Karsten, ‘ Actinomyces Harz, der Stra-
benpilz.’ —- J. Miiller, < Lichenologische Beitrage.’

Gardeners’ Chronicle (July 5).—J. G. Baker, ‘ Notes on Peonies.’
— W. G. Smith, Acidiwm Convallarie (figs. 2-5). — C. B. Plow-
right, ‘ Podisoma Juniperi & ‘GF telia lacerata.’ — (July 12). Epi-
dendrum Christyanum Rehb. f., Liparis decursivus Rehb. f., spp.

— W. G. Smith, Fusisporium icolin (figs. 7-9). — Odontoglossum
st gine (figs. 11, 12). — Papaver umbrosum (fig. 13)

H. ter, ‘ Floriferous sucker of Agave americana we 15). —
(July 19). Oncidium cuspidatum Re rps Bile. Mle Senecillis
carpatica (fig. 16). — W. G. Smith, ‘ Peronospora spharoides Sm.,
sp. n.’ (fig. 19).— (July 26). Crinum Sanderianum Baker, n. sp.—
J. Rattray, ‘The May Island.’ — Id., ‘ Alg@ of Granton Quarry.’

Knowledge (July 4).—Grant Allen, ‘ Evolution of Flowers.

Magyar Novénytani Lapok. Juno). — A. Kanitz, Collestiones

ee Naturalist. — W. B. Grove, ‘On the Pilobolide.’—
J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’ (Urticacew—Amentifera).
tories J. Cash, Early bryological work of W. Wilson.
vature (July 10), — "Fritz Miller, ‘ Butterflies as Botanists.’—
Balding ‘ Voracity of the Drosera.’ — (July 24). G. E. Simms,
awcsalans vulgaris as a fish-catcher.
(Esterr. Bot, Zeitschrift. oe li. Celakovsky, ‘ Polygala scape and
Hi andrachnoides.” — f ek, ‘Flora der Beskiden.’
oc

ha armaceutical Journal (July 5 — W. R. Dunstan & F. W.
Short, ‘Chemistry and Botany of the Stra ychnos Nua-vomica indi-
genous to Ceylon’ (illustrated). — (July 12). T. H. Hustwick,
Pgecval on Tu-tu’ ec macifolia). —(July 19). E. M. bape

ae
Banus Mycologia, =e Bonnet, “‘Teaffes no alias: e Tuber
Renati, T. lucidum, T. piperatum). —~ N: Pat nitlacd: ‘Du nombre

de stér i gs sur le baside.’ — C. iawcannes ‘ eae Spheericées
entomogéne
ctence- Coie. — W. Roberts, ‘ Ophioglossum vulgatum var. am-

bin (illustra ated).

Scottish Naturalist. — G. C. Druce, ‘ Botanical work of G. Don.
—— J, Keith, Fungi of ahr — J. W. H. Trail, ‘Species of Hnty-
loma parasitic in Ranunculus

257
PLANTS FLOWERING IN JANUARY AND FEBRUARY,
' 1884.

By tHe Rev. T. A. Preston, M.A., F.L.S.

Iz may not be eee seta interest to compare a list of
plants found in flower during = ary and February last with that
published in this 5 PE, (Jou OMe 1882, pp. 161-165) for the
same months in 1882. ee aN the number of lists sup-
plied to me has fallen off, and the two summaries can hardly be
compared as fully as is desirable ; but still, as far as the comparison

Lists have been received from Tiverton (Miss M. E. Gill),
ie (Rev. J. Sowerby), Croydon (Mr. W. F. maa eae
(Miss 8. 8. Dowson), and from Wickham in Essex Hh,
Dixon). These, with my own list for Marlborough, are aes only
ones by which any comparisons can be made. Mr. Dixon has also
supplied a list for ean and Mr. R. W. Rickards one for
Cardiff for January, ne for Seceee near Worthing, for
February. These last lists are very remarkable. r. Rickards is
& very acute observer, and his departure fret Mavlhuecoe’ must
be the reason — the numbers for this place have fallen off as they
have done this

The number of species observed are as follows: —

Jan. 1883. Jan. 1884. Feb. 1883. Feb. 1884.
8 51 58 61

Sg TL pes Moeesligeltsnde 5
BOY cisco 58 47 638 63
Marlborough......... 50 82 63 36
Groydon ............ 46 45 — 45
og ois aenemne em 47 65 = te
Orde was 28: a 87 ag sae
Pando 2220018 AK tae a 71
Northampton ...... — — 58
Total No. peas 130 127 121 118

In the January list the most important nadiions (omitting
those from C ardiff) are, from Wickham, Nastur m officinale,
Lepidium campestre, Senebiera Coronopus, pnenintes scoparius,
Trifolium arvense, Carduus palustris, and Holcus lanatus. All these
must probably be classed as survivals.’ From Croydon,
Senecio sylvaticus, Tussilago Farfara, Erica Tetralizx, E.. cinerea, and
Salia sp. From Tiverton, Senecio aquaticus and Avena fatua, also

‘ survivals.” The Ribes Grossularia at Marlborough was a very
exceptional specimen.

It is remarkable how very few of the above species can be con-
sidered as plants of the year. It has been observed (and probably
with truth) that where much growth had to be made plants were
not much, if at all, in advance of their average dates, but where
this was not the case they were much earlier ; re this is to a great
extent confirmed by the above list. It must not be understood

ourNaL or Bogany,2-Vou. 22. [Sepremper, 1884.] 8

258 PLANTS FLOWERING IN JANUARY AND FEBRUARY, 1884.

that plants were backward in January (for at Marlborough they
were about eighteen days in advance of the average of the
previous nineteen raanee but that the mild winter, which might

differences in the numbers depend on survivals rather than on
plants of the year. The list is as follows :—
Alliaria officinalis. Cornus sanguinea
Cardamine sylvatica. Matricaria Parthenium.
Arabis Thaliana. nthemis Cotula
Sagina apetala Hieracium Pilosella
Erodium moschatum, Nepeta Glechoma
Medicago Haag Lamium maculatum
Vicia Kechium
Saxifraga tri idactyl ites Alopecurus agrestis.
a apis oppositifolium. Avena flavescens.
Pastinaca sativ A. elatior.
Daucus Carota. Dactylis alae
Torilis Anthriscus. Lolium perenne

Of the eleven capers to the February list, seven occur in that
from Yeovil, and it is in this month that the effect of the warm

Erodium cicutarium. Lathrea Squamaria.
E. moschatum. Anagallis arvensis.
Oxalis Acetosella. Daphne Mezereum.
Torilis Anthriseus Salix purpurea ?
Viscum album. Luzula campestris.

Senecio aquaticus.
The omissions from the list are :—

Ranunculus floribundus. Matricaria Chamomilla.
R. auricomus. Achillea Millefolium.
Vicia angustifolia. Senecio Jacobea
Galium Aparine. Veronica Chameedrys.
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum. Lamium incisum.
JANUARY. FrepruaRy.
emone nemorosa .. .. M., Fin.,
Ranunculus hederaceus Car. :
acris yous int ee is ML, Ys Car, Fin.
R..repens = es, i +s. ss es _, Croy., M., ¥., Car, W... Thy. M.¥,
R. bulbosus Cee : . : Soo
R. Ficaria 3 coe We, ee, ORE. We Tiv., 2 Fin. .N., Y., G,
m.,. 2.

Caltha palustris . e come, ¥i, Oat or.

PLANTS FLOWERING IN JANUARY AND FEBRUARY, 1884. 259

JANUARY. FEBRuaRY.
“gira viridis . Sy CaN ee ee M., Fin., Y.
Ef us sk Fee's se N.
feshevis vulgaris at eu Fin.
Fumaria officinalis ae OLO¥.s UAr. Croy.
; et nus Haphanistein « AGAY.
napis arv .. ‘Ziv., Croy., Y.Car., W... . Tiy., Oroy:
alba Be «sere ae : Fin.
: rassica oleracea ails eee ae
3. Rapa .. eis ag lees Fin.
isymbriam officinale... .. Car. Fin.
ee See Tiv.
cae Cheiri Ceol See
ardamine hi irsuta oi ea ee one Wa Tiv,, Fin.,:Y., Croy.
Sore Thaliana pens ¥: :
astartiom, officinale a ee
Jraba Wen Mapa Xe ere

ao as We [
sapsella Barsapastoris ~. Sav. Groy:, M:, ¥., Car... -Tivs M., Fin ais, Y. eo.
aor sete thii. 53, Onn [Croy.
i. C&

ieahiore, Govsnopi re kh TE N. :

‘iola odor. «othe Grey... GRE Tiy., Fin., N. Y., Croy.
V. Rivi ss Ns ee et Tiy., Fin.
a 3 BNOLOR a yee a :
V. arvensis oo hy “roy. Gar, We Fin.
] tiiela nat ae F i), ee eegen
Lychnis diurna .. .. .. Tiv., Y., Car., W. a Fin., Y.
easeum semidecandrum .. Tiv. on Tiv

S eOmeraiam 6, i. a
ag friviale WE pe on ay Tiv. Gry. Y., Car., W. Tiv ., Fin., N., Y., Cro
Stellaria media .. .. =. Tiv., Cro jo MY. Car., Tiv., M., Fin., N., se @.
8. Holostea mS Tiv., ae [W. Tiv., (Croy.
Arenaria trinervia ; . oe, Ore Tiv., Fin., N., Y., Croy:
A.serpyllifolia .. .. .. Croy., ear. WwW Fin., N
Sagina apetala .. .. .. N.
S. procumbens .. .. .. Car.
Spergula arvensis os N
Scleranthus annuus .. .. Car., W.
Geranium molle .. . Car. Fin., Y.
G. dissectum.. .. Car
G. columbinum
G. Robertianum ie Tiv., Car. Tiv,
ages rodium cicutarium .. .. Y.- -

1s roa ees .
Cualia Ane elk; .. Y.
Tlex peer icm BS NG:

See Wee. ‘ [Croy.
Jlexeuropeus .. ., .. Tiv.,Croy.,M.,¥.,Car., Tiv.,M.,Fin., N., Y.,G.,
Gallii. . a Fin.

arothammnus : seoparius :
rifolium arv Ww.

Goes tiv. .

Spinone Killarney. — Fin.

oterium San — Croy.
i ar., W. Fin
Tiv., M., Y., Car., W. ay ‘Ms Fin., Y.,G.,Croy.
Ts

ciate aed Tel oe Bes -— Y., Car. Tiv., Fin., ¥., Croy.
mbus didcolor .. °c... ‘Tiv- é .

reum urbanum eerie: bs F ‘cnn. Car., WwW. Tiv., N.

‘ibes G rossularia M. 4

‘s

xifraga tridac Tiv., Ys

tylites
Ea epletiom oppostitoliom
pinella Saxifraga M., Y¥:

260 PLANTS FLOWERING IN JANUARY AND FEBRUARY, 1884.

Ethusa plane
— sylve

Tigcum al

Sonchus oleraceus
S. asper . ‘
Crepis virens .
Erica Tet tral

. ciner Bes
Vinca ‘injot Peer
min

Erythrea Centaurium ..
Scrophularia Balbisii ..
Linaria Cymbalaria ..

Veronica hederifolia
+ polite. i

Adda

arvensis ..
. serpyllifolia
Chamedrys

aie ‘Squamaria
oma

Polygonum aviculare .,

feracleum Spondon
is Anthr

herophyilum syiveste
mulum

JANUARY.
Car., W.
Car.
Car., W.
M., Y., Car., W.
Tiv., Croy., Car :
Tiv., Croy., Y., Car.
Car.
Car., W.
W.
W.
Croy., Car
Tiv., Orogs, Ose [W.
Tiv., Croy.,M., Y. ,Car.,
Croy.
¥.,W.
Tiv. ,Croy., M.,Car., W.
Cr
q J ‘Croy., Car., W.
Tiv., Car. cw.
Tiv. “ey M., Y., Car.,
Croy., Soca
I

iv., Brox:
iv.

iv. [W.
AG oun M., Y., Car.,
iv + We

(
Groy., M., Y.; Gar. W:
(
ioy.. Car.

Tiy., M., ¥., Car.
Car.

7 We

tie Cros. Car, W.
M., og Wes

'Ti¥:, © Gast 5 “Car , WwW.
Tiv. asc M., Y., Car.
Tiv., Y., Car

FEBRUARY.
Tiv., N., Croy.
Tiv., Fin., Y., Croy.
Tiv., Fin., N., Y., Croy.
Tiv., M., Croy.

y:

M., Fin., Y.

Fin., N.

Fin.

N., Croy.
Tiv.,M.,Fin.,N.,Y.,Croy-

all.

Tiv:
all.
M., Fin., N., ¥., Croy.
M,, Fins Y.

Fin., N.
Tiv., M., Fin., Y., Croy-

Fin.

all.

= Fin., N., Y., ete
ins

ny ED Toy.
Ti a NY ,Croy.

ON SOME CRITICAL CHINESE SPECIES OF CLEMATIS. 261

JANUARY. Frervary.
laphne Mezereum .. . Fin., N., Y.
pemuredia 6S Oe ae X., Cant W. a , Fin
Duxus sempervirens .. ..
Kuphorbia Helioscopia .. Tiv., Croy., Car. N.. Cro oy.
E. 1s MQURERS Te. Seater seen Croy., M., Car., W. a Yoo
re ete cy Dies We .
Mercurialig perennis .. .. Tiv.,Croy.,Y.,M., Car., Ef M., Fimn,, ¥.
M. annua Sry eae | Me
Mtn ttenis di ef al ka Croy., Y., Car., W. Fin. “5 oe
Ulmus tuberosa .. .. .. Croy. Fin.,.N.,
U. m ef es M., ¥Fin., XN. v yin
Corylus Avellana . re a ee a
Alnus glutinosa- .. 1... W. . Tiv., N., Y., Croy.
Populus nigra ue: , 7 ȴ.
alix purpurea ‘
. Vi ae x M., Fin.; N.Y.
Ca : Grey. Tiv., Fin., Y., Croy.
'axus bac - Car. Fin., N., Y., Croy.
; leréinesa3 Preto hacia Tiv., M., Fin
Galanthus nivalis. . . Tiv., M., Y., Car, W. _ Tiv.,M.,Fin. N. WY. ,Croy.
Rusecus eae ay a eats wos, 3 A eg, Ves M., Fin
Luzula ee Bi eae Fin.
L. cam ee eae ee Y.
ow eta ay Be AR oi.
olcus lanai owes hw .
PRORMUGs 30 ee REL. Tiy.,M.,Fin.,N.,Y.,Croy.
ensi Car.
Jactylis glomerata .
Bromus sterilis a
Brachypodium sylvaticum .. Y., W.

ON SOME CRITICAL CHINESE SPECIES OF CLEMATIS.
By Francis Buackwett Forses, F.L.S.

To the student of the Eastern Asiatic species of Clematis the
‘Conspectus’ by M. Maximowicz* has been the best guide since it
Was published in 1876 with a 25 care and judgment
which ee all the writings of that eminent botanist.
There were, however, several visi as 4 which he was obliged to
express jlimadlt doubtfully, and the present at is an attempt to

Province of Chekiang, and is now at the British Museum. It ha
apparently not been seen by Mr. Bentham when he alluded to the
Species (by a printer's error as C. ternifolia) in the ‘ Flora Hong-
ongensis,’ Pp. 7, nor by M. Maximowicz when he published his
‘Conspectus.’ Having come across the type some months ago, I
saw that to had been a shibapprehension, and I forwarded to M.
Maximowiez an excellent drawing made for me by Mr. Morgan.

* Diag. Plant. Nov. aera et Mandsh. Decas xx. Bull. Acad. St. Petersb.
xxii. Mel. Biol. ix. 581 ¢

262 ON SOME CRITICAL CHINESE SPECIES OF CLEMATIS.

In reply my friend wrote that the plant could not well be the
C. terniflora of Mr. Bentham and of all other recent authors,
himself included. ‘It has larger and shorter leaflets, and fruits
of double the size of Mr. Bentham’s plant ; and these are distinetly
margined, which the fruits of Mr. Bentham’s plant are not.
Further, while DeCandolle had described the ultimate leaflets as

)
stronger-margined see m ; /
shurica Rupr. to C. recta L., var. mandshurica (1.c., p. 595), had
drawn attention to the difficulty of distinguishing its commoner
form from C. paniculata Thbg. The stem of C. mandshurica 18

lata the veins are usually indistinct but never impressed on the

which is certainly C. chinensis Retz. (!). The result was a deserip-
i ing i r. ma

terniflora by Bentham and Maximowicz appears to be. This Li

ably also accounts for the fact that Fortune’s specimen A. pe
which is Mr. Bentham’s @. terniflora, was placed by Ms, Beane
in the British Museum on the same sheet with Fortune’s A. Ay
which is C. chinensis, and that both were bracketed together by M-
Maximowicz (I. c., p. 596) under C. terniflora DC. The two species,
although closely allied, are, however, distinct enough, as will ap cu
from the following descriptions drawn from the types and the othe
material at my disposal :—

* There are none such now remaining on the type specimen.

ON SOME CRITICAL CHINESE SPECIES OF CLEMATIS. 268

mucronatis, basi 3-nerviis, costis supra minute — cetera
glabris, reticulo venarum supra impresso subtus prominulo. In-
florescentia cymoso- —- pedunculis clabeign <j pone pube-
lis, o-floris, axillaribus et terminalibus. Sepala 4 seems
apiculata extus puberula marginibus uunimtallia, Achenia 4-5
ovata pilosa caudis longis barbatis. Siccitate tits _— et
selene nigri, folia supra nigricantia subtus fusco-pur
MATIS TERNIFLORA Benth. (non DC.).—Ramosa nae sie petio-
lis tortilibus. Ramuli striati cum pedunculis, presertim statu
— pubescentes. Folia pinnatisecta 5-nata, petiolulis 1- a
pollicaribus, segmentis late ovatis v. subcordatis acutis 14-2 po
banis 3 1~1}4 poll. latis, basi 5-7 nerviis, utrinque parce pi oma
us, reticulo venarum supra distincto subtus: prominulo. In-
florescentia cymoso-paniculata, axillaris et terminalis, peduneulis
©-floris. Sepala patentia circ. 4-linealia oblonga 8-nervia intus

inequalia glabriuscula, antheris filamenta equantibus v. iis
longioribus. Achenia 4 ellipsoidea adpresse kcieedin. caudis
es ame barbatis. Polia week — et obscure brunnea.

e two species when dried present differences in their degree
of «blackening * which, though sin enough, are hard to define
in words. The leaves of (. chinensis are mu om the darkest, and the
black is modified by a sort of deep maroon lustre; while those of
C. terniflora are of a dull brown colour and of a coarser texture.
I may also mention that I have dean all the latter curiously pitted,
as if from the attacks of some insect, but I have not observed the

O:
scrap from Lord Macartney’s collections at Wham whic
resembles this species in many respects, but, from the grees size
‘and the pubescence of its fruits, seems more likely to have come
from an upper branchlet of a form ne or a The specimen is,
however, too scant for satisfactory det

M. Maximowiez (l.c., p. 596) suggest that C. minor Lour. may
be identical with C. chinensis. ast April, when in aris, I was

e were only of a single internode and some were placed
mg down, the frst effect of the ensemble was, to say the least,
very quaint. I could see nothing in the specimens to distinguish
them from C. chinensis, but there is no evidence to show that they
were Loureiro’s type of his C. mino

LEMA oo DC. ~The identity of this “A with C.
tubulosa Sehes . stans Sie b. & Zuce.), suspect y axim-

8. & Z.. which, however, cannot be specifically separa C;
avidiana Dene., which has been cultivated in the Botanic Gastuns

264 ON SOME CRITICAL CHINESE SPECIES OF CLEMATIS.

(l. ¢., 'p ay urezaninow’s species ; but Sir gor Hooker
informs m he is inclined to suspend his judgment on this
point till hte Be seen the plants longer in cultivation. In its wild
state in North China it is described by M. Maximowicz as “‘ Planta
Vv is, caule mox herbaceo graciliore, mox basi lignoso

Vi

sessiles, alii pedicellati, mox flores sesgiles cum pedicellatis in
axilla eadem intermixti, mox peduneulus ee ad intervalla
ficients pluribus florum onustus.” The words which I have
italicised represent the form which is ais as C. Davidiana.
urthermore, Turczaninow's species has evidently been the

. “6 Savatieri Detihe a rie — ome on one-half of a
plant. This may seem strange, but one the less true. In
1877 I — into two parts the a ‘ott a C. stans §. & Z., grown
from seed sent me from Japan by Dr. Savatier. One part of the

It was from this portion, cultivated in Paris, that M. Decaisne
Secatieri he could draw sufficient characters to rates his C.
avat vert.”

— C. mandshurica Rupr. inPlant. suas in Bull. ‘Petersb. xv.
514. — C. terniflora DC. Syst. i. 187, et C. tenuiflora (sphalmate)
DC. Prod. i. 8, excl. spec. C. Flammule var.

Hab. Chekiang (Staunton in Herb. Mus. Brit. spec. tyP-
C. ternijlore DC.). Chinkiang (Maries, Herb. Kew). Shingking
(Ross 559, Herb. Kew). Fengwangshan prope Shanghai (Martin,
Herb. propr.).

ada, ae oe
* Translated from the Bull. Soc, Linn. Paris, No. 38, Séance Nov. 2, 188],
p. 298.

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS. 265

C. cuinensis Retz. Obs. Bot. ii. 18, No. 53. — C. sinensis Lour.
ex DO. Syst. i. 187. —C. terniflora DC. quoad spec. C, Flamnule
var. in Herb. Linn.; Maxim. in Mel. Biol. ix. 596. quoad spec.
Fortune A. 94.

Hab. China (Bladh in Herb. Mus. Brit. spec. typ.; Baird.).
Amoy (Fortune A. 94 in Herb. Mus. Brit. et Kew; Hance, No.
1476 in Herb. Kew). Formosa (Swinhoe 54 in Herb. Kew).

C. ternirtora Benth. Fl. Hongkong. p. 7 (sphalmate C. terni- ~
Jolia) (aon DC.) ; Maxim. in Mel. Biol. ix. 596, pro parte.

Hab. Amoy (Fortune A. 89 in Herb. Mus. Brit. et Kew).
Ningpo, flor. (Herb. propr.). Ins. Pootoo, fruct. (Carles, Herb.
propr.)

C. HERACLEIFOLIA DC. Syst. i. 188.— C. tubulosa Turez. in Bull.
Mosc. 1887, x. 148. — C. stans 8. & Z. FI. Jap. Fam. Nat. i. 802
88-9

Je rb. Hance
13474; Tatarinow, Bretschneider in Herb. Kew) (Bretschneider in
Herb. Mus. Brit.). Shantung (Maingay 106 in Herb. Kew).
Chefoo, prov. Shantung (ipse legi).

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.
By raz Rey. W. Moyvzz Roezrs, F.L.S.

Tux following notes are supplementary to some others on the
lay, 1880.

In every case where I have not seen the plant growing, I have
received fresh specimens from the person on whose authority the
locality is given.

As o

nN Many previous occasions, I am much indebted to Prof.
OC; Babidetan; Me J. G. Baker and Mr. T. R. Archer Briggs, for
kindly examining some of my specimens and helping me to name
them. ;

Ranunculus auricomus Ji. B. Roadsides between Ryme and
Yetminster, and between Ryme and Melbury, but very local. — Kh.
hivsutus Curt. ©. Upway, in coarse pasture east of the railway

266 NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.

. Spicer ang ae oie 1g?" B; Ryme, on the Melbury
Road B. Ryme,

a short distance. — R. arvensis L. é
portale by the Yotminster. Road, in great quantity, 1883.
quilegia vulgaris L. OC. Hill a few ag walk out of

Maiden Newton (to. the east); one plant, 188
: Berberis vulgaris L. B. Ryme. C. Peano Planted, I
es

Papaver Argemone L. C. Railway bank near Dorchester, two or
three plants together, 1884.

Chelidonium majus L. B. Ryme. Chetnole. I have not seen
it in District C.

i nigra C. Upway. Lodmoo

mine soa With. B. Ryme. "Chetnole. C. Ailwell.

Biatot, Rampisham

Lepidium Smithii Hook. C. Lane near Wareham railway
station.

Senebiera didyma Pers. C. aie near the amphitheatre.

Teseda lutea L. C. Roadside bank near Black Down, in the
Dorchester and Bridport Road. Railway Sanks near Upway. —R.
Inuteola L. ©. By the Frome near es er.

‘ola hirta L. B. Ryme. Bubb Down. C. Evershot.
Yellowham Wood.—VP. Reichenbachiana Bor. ©. Frampton. — V.
lactea Sm. vA oe Heath; in flower and fruit, but apparently
in ... quan

Sarees Evershot and pamtehaals in no great quantity. Pou
bury and Maiden, Castle, abundant. G. Grassy slope from Corfe
Castle to the roa Arnold Lees has kind mined and

ton Hea

Sper sara rubra Fenzl. ©. Moreton reat Near Wareham
railway station.—S. neglecta Syme.. C. Lodmoo

Scleranthus annuus L. (C. Moreton Heath ; on only place in
Dorset where I have scen it,

Montia fontana L. ©. With the last

Hypericum Androsemum L. C. Fairly oe about Evershot,

and between Evershot and Rampisham. — humifusum L.
C, She Metyiors Heath. Banos Heath. —H. hirsutum
L. eigh, &e., very com C. Near Evershot.

Yellowhas Wood -—H. elodesL. C. Moreton Heath. Paddletown

Radiola Millegrana 8m. GC. Puddletown Heath.
Geranium pusillum L. ©. Lane near Wareham railway

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS. 267

station.—-G. columbinwn 2 cc Masser : m= hae the last. — G.
lucidum IL. yme, Chet GC. Evershot, in
small quantity. Like @. irene decidedly local in Districts
B. and C.

Rhamnus catharticus L. B. Ryme. E. Bailey Ridge. — R.
Frangula L. OC. Puddletown Heath; one large tree near the middle.
enista tinctoria LL. B. Ryme and Chetnole; rough pastures’;
locally abundant. ©. Field at back of Lodmoor. EK. By Bailey

Ridge
Pi Basbihasiies scoparius Koch. C. Near Evershot, he. 5 ; quite
equent,

Anthyllis Vulneraria L. C. Near Evershot satay station.
Frampton. Moreton Heath.

Medicago maculata Sibth. _C. Lane near Wareham railway
station.

Trigonella or On tance DC. OC. In the turf of the
enclosed gronnd at the east end of the same lane; apparently in
small quantit

Trifolium subterraneum Li. CO. With be common. — 7"
medium L. B. Ryme. ©. Evershot.—T’. arvense L. ©. Moreton

eath. — T. striatum L. ©. In the bation given above for
Triponella, &e.—T. wen um Li. G. About Corfe Castle, and on the

eaths near, in immen antity—T. glomeratum L. C. In the
lane near Wareham eile: station, and in the ground beyond;
abundant. ~~ 7’, suffocatum L. C. With the last, on the turfy
mounds beyond the lane; in good quantity, but nearly bnrnt up
on June 21st, 1884. New record for the county.—T. hybridum L.
nd C. Becoming quite common, as in south-west England
generally.—T. Fragiferum L. B. ta inster. Chetnole. South-
west corner of Melbury Park, common. — 7. filiforme L.
B. Leigh. ©. Near Wareham rilay station

Ornithopus perpusillus L. C. With the last.

Lathyrus Nissolia L. B. Elsford Hill (perhaps the same as
Prof. Buckman’s station in Fl. Dors., ‘‘ between Ryme and Clos-
worth”). ©. Lodmoor.

Orobus tuberosus L. B. Chetnole. C. Evershot

Prunus insititia L. CO. Evershot. Rampisham. Near Lod-
moor, — P, vers L. ©. Near Evershot.

monia odorata Miller. C. pm of Yellowham Wood

Alchemilla vulgari. ners in marshy pasture south-
east o ee in fair q . Rare in south-west England
Here (as Mr owles Barrett, to whom T gave a specimen, has

Potentilla argentea Li. C. In the lane south-east of Wareham
railway station, and in the open ground beyond.
Rubus Ideus L. CC. Ailwell. Evershot. Moreton Heath.

Loc
abundant. — R. rhamnifolius W. & N.. ©, Eyvershot; common.

268. NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.

Rampisham. Puddletown Heath border. In the lane near

Wareham railway station. EK. Bailey Ridge; common. — R.

discolor W. & N. B. and C. Generally distributed and locally
N

Kivershot. — R. Borsert Bell Salt. C. Black Down; in con-
— quantity, but only in bud when I saw it. What is
Pp

fi. diversifolius Lindl. ©. Near Evershot. Dorchester and Ware-
ham railway station; rather frequent. Maiden Newton. Yellow-
ham Wood. — R. glandulosus Bell. ©. Near Evershot, on the
Beaminster Road; abundant and very luxuriant. — R. corylifolius
Sm. B. Ryme. C. Eyershot. Rampisham. Frampton, &c.,
common. Especially abundant about Weymouth.—R. tuberculatus

ab. ©. Evershot. E. Bailey Ridge.—R. casius L. B. Ryme.
C. Evershot. - Very local. The foregoing Rubi records may, I

er :

fifteen miles to the south-east in the same District C.) about
Yellowham Wood and Puddletown Heath.—R. Balfourianus Blox-
B. L C. Evershot.— R, althaifolius Host. C. Near Ware.

ham railway station.

Rosa tomentosa Sm. (aggregate). B. Ryme. Leigh. C. Near
Evershot and near Dorchester, but uncommon. Near Weymouth ;
in one place shown me by Mr. W. B. Barrett. — R. scabriuscula
Sm. C. Near Evershot; in one place. New record.—fh. sylvestris
Lindl. C. About half-way (by fields) between Evershot and

. B. Leigh;

and Rampisham ; in one place. Near Weymouth. — R. canina L.
— R. lutetiana Leman. B. Leigh. C. Near Evershot, Ramp!-
sph

Gren. B. Chetnole and Leigh, in several places. Some of the
bushes, with rather smaller leaves and fruit, growing between
Chetnole and Melbury, which I had placed here, Mr. Baker seems
inclined to put under RK. senticosa Ach., but they appear to me to

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS. 269
differ very slightly (if at all) from a Leigh bush which M.
Déséglise has named spherica. — R. dumalis Bechst. Far the
commonest ‘‘dog-rose’’ in Dorset, as in south-west England
generally.— R. biserrata Mérat. B. Ryme and Chetnole, but rare.
C. Near Evershot railway station, in one place. New record.—R.
urbicea Leman. . Ryme. . Near Evershot and near Dor-
chester. E. Bailey Ridge. In such parts of the county as I have
explored common nowhere but near Chetnole (B).—R. frondosa
Steven. C. Near Evershot. E. Bailey Ridge. Name confirme
by Mr. Baker in both cases. New county record. — R. arvatica
Baker. C. By the Frome near Dorchester, July, 1884, in small
quantity and hardly typical. In 1880 Mr. W. Barrett sent mea
good example of this, gathered by him near Weymouth,—the first
found in the county, I believe. — R. obtusifolia Desv. B. Ryme.
Near Wareham railway station. E. Bailey Ridge.—R. ? dwme-
torum Thuill. B. Chetnole and Leigh. Of a Leigh specimen that

a
confirmed by M. Déséglise, but dissented from by Mr. Baker. I
do not find dumetorum in Devon.— Rh. tomentella Desv. B. Chet-

n Only found once. — R. Between
Evershot and Rampisham (by fields), several very large bushes
Upway, good quantity. Near ? verticillacantha

an
Mérat. C, Evershot; one or two bushes. Merely R. dumalis with
a few sete (sometimes only two or three) on each peduncle; very
unlike the much more glandular R. aspernata Nob., which is the
usual and quite frequent representative of verticillacantha in the
lower part of the Teign valley, South Devon.—R. systyla Bast.
B. and G. Common. E. Bailey Ridge.— R. Desvauaii Baker.
D. Lane between Yellowham Wood and Puddletown ; two or three
very luxuriant bushes together. Confirming my name for this,
Mr. Baker adds, ‘‘more hairy than I have ever seen it before.’

Report B. E. C., 1878). New county record for Dorset and Devon.
C

- Ryme and Leigh; not very uncommon. CO. Evershot.
Weymouth. A form like bibracteata in most respects, but with
ovate fruit and very pinnate sepals, which I have found at Ryme
and Chetnole, M. Déséglise has named R. ovata Le}.

Epilobium angustifolium L. C. On railway banks near Dor-
chester, in good quantity, July, 1884. Denizen. — H. roseum
Schreb. ©. Evershot; an abundant weed in kitehen garden, and

270 PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

in good sense in _ shady ary at the back of the garden.
Rampisham arden weed. August, 1883. New county record.
I am not aa satisfied ‘that this is a true native of Dorset. At
Evershot I have seen it on this summer in good quantity in
both lane and kitchen-garden. The sates eow locality I did not
again examine. Elsewhere in 1 the county I have searched for it in

len Lim
Wilts, a 1 viee-county only doubtfally teiitel ith it in ‘
graphical Botany.’ In Devon I have myself only seen it once, and
R

that a single plant, in Ex —E. te um e
Moreton Heath. Upway. Apparently not nearly so common
in site sen C. as in B.—E. obscurum Se ut Evershot

eb.
d Rampisham, frequent. Frampton. Moreton Heath. Yellow-
ea Wood.
(To be continued.)

PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’
By F. Bucuanan Wuire, M.D., F.L.S.

Fottowine the example of my friends Prof. Trail and Mr. Roy,
I have gone ¢ arefully over the 2nd edition of ‘ Topographical
Botany,’ the begat of "whieh 3 is that a good many additions and a
few corrections can be made to the records of Perthshire plants.
In the expectation that the Flora of Perthshire will soon be
published, it has been thought unnecessary to take up space with
locality-names, or with the names of pe agate for the localities
or for the authenticity of the « critical speci

Many of the records now made might hae ve been included in
‘ Topographical Botany’ had the fiateriil collected for the Flora
of Perthshire been worked out in time, but a few of them are
oe discoveries. It is scarcely necessary to say that W.— west,

t Perth.

and E. = Eas

PER minus. Fie sel BE: aster in one place, where it
T. montanum. M. & said to have been sown
ee oo Ager. neue years ago. Occasion-

M. ally as an outcast in E.
R. egies M.& KE. Aconitum Napellus. M. & E.
R. peltatus. - & BK. Planted, or an escape in se
R. trichophyllus. M. & E. veral spots, but cannot be
R. Drouetii. M. & E. said to be naturalised.
R. eens. M. & E. Berberis ronal Always plant-
R. confusu ed, I think.
R. ereinat. W., M. & E. Nymphea alba. M. & E.
R. Lingua. Nuphar luteum. W. wr (By
R. pa oe E. error the figures 88 are
R. sceleratus. M. & E. affixed to E, in Top. Bot. ed.
R. arvensis. E. 2. The same ae applies
Helleborus foetidus; M.: Natu- to N. intermedia.)

+

PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.

Nuphar “pumilum.” E.*
Papaver Argemone. KE.

Corydalis claviculata. E.
umaria capreolata (Agg.). EH.
EK.

was either r found, or
Fae is Be kel) has dis-
peare om erth-

ap

i locality hs i ian
I discovered it, however, on
another Perthshire hill —

en Laoigh.
Turritis glabra. M. Doubtfully

native.
Barbarea vulgari
Nasturtium teres
. sylves
Siaymbrim Sophia.

EK.
M.
M. Rare
Viola Reicheubachiana M.
Drosera ang
Polpeai, ores The record
for M. requires verification.
P. depressa. W.
Silene anglica Record for M.
uires verification.
ria.

Spergularia rubra. E.

* T retain the name ‘‘pumilum”’ for
this small- shes ered Nuphar, since that
en used for our plant by
and the

, 8 require
tion. Our plant is apparently not inter-
medium Ledeb.

Aren si rubella.

Hypericum Androsemum. W.

pa tat Pe wi rium

Geranium pyrenaicum. Cer-
ainly an escape.
pusillum “88 rth mid
(’, B. White) ”’ is paca
1 have never seen or heard of
the species in P e.

G. columbin

Medicago 1

Melilotus officinalis. M. & E.

M. vulgaris. Neither have
any claim to be more than
casuals.

Trifolium arvense. M.

Astragalus glycyphyllus. M.

A. hyp is. M.

Oxytropis uralensis. M.
Ornithopus perpasillus. EK.

ant in some localities.
Lathyrus Aphaca, Casual in
Prunus Padus. M. [M
avium. E.
Potentilla procumbens. M. & E.
P. reptans. W.
Rubus suberectus. M. & E.
W.&

hirtifolius M.
icaulis.
adscitu

maerophyls and var, um-
us. M.

[M.
Var. pallidus.

PRrPEP SPPErRP Fr

ianus. EK.
.corylifolius. M.&E. Var.con-
j Var. purpureus.
M.
R. cesius. If this is a Perth-
shire species it must be very

272 PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND

local. I have no record of
its occurrence

Rosa spinosissima. M. & E.
R. hibernica. M.

R. Sabini. E.

R. tomentosa. M. & E.

Agrimonia odorat In several
widely separated localities 1 in
Native?

Poterium sph Formerly
in E., but now extinct by
decth soli of the locality. I
suspect that the record for EK.

ot.

mentioned station for P. muri-
catum, specimens from which

ave been several times re-
ported as belonging to P.
tag nag seo brig occur

rth, I am
pia itl ined io doubt its
being
Pyrus acerba & EK.

Epilobium eu-tetragonum. Re-

quires verification as a Perth-
t.

Circea lutetiana. E.

C. alpina. EK.

Myriop sti spicatum. W.

Callitriche autumnalis.

Herniaria

the spe-
cimens I have seen belong to
S. Fabaria.
8S. anglicum. Widely Spread and
quite native in M.

is. We
S. tridactylites. W. Lee there ?}
Hydrocotyle vulgaris. B.
Sanicula europea.
Conium maculatum.
fully native.
Helidibetinin inundatum. M,
Pimpinella magna. I think this
is only a naturalised plant in

M. Doubt-

Ethusa Cynapium. M. & RK.
irre introduced in many
place

“TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

Daucus Carota. W.

Scandix Poctit: Veneris. M.

Viscum album oes not now
oiereoiy exist (except in
gardens) in

Sambucus nigra. B.A doubt-
ful native in Perthsire.

Dipsacus sy wentr stris.
after ‘* Perth”
graphical error. p
is very local, possibly intro-

duced. :

Leontodon hirtus and L. his-
idus. Both of these require
pete as Perthshire
lan

So Eee

Widbaeinall holoserieeum. EK.
seems error. The
locality, though close on the
boundary, is in M.

H. nigrescens.

H. chrysanthum.

H. murorum (Segr. ). "M. & E.
H. cesium. -& EB
= deaesrer M.& E.

rn UM,

OF #1: rig ain H. boreale
there are no trustworthy
pponas for their sesueuuiee as
Perthshire plants.

Yas occurred

_
5

oa
eas

fertabala tinctoria. M. Intro-
duced ?

Carduus nutans.

O§

Petasites vulgaris.

PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND ‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

Senecio viscosus. M. & E., but
doubtless an introduction.
Inula Conyza One

under this
species in Top. Bot.
Campanula rapunculoides. M.,
but as usual, merely a casnal.
Lobelia Dortmanna. “E.
Arbutus alpina.

mid ?”’ refer to the
old Seis of the plant having
een found near Loch Treig,
which, though near seca
shire, is in Invernesshire
Vaccinium uliginosum.
K.

- Oxycoccos

Pyrola media.

P. minor.

y uniflora. « < Perth mid.” is, I
think, founded on an erro-

th
and it is hoped that botanists
will not take — of it.
Ligustrum vulgar Alway
planted, so if M.. is 's admitted,
W. & E. have equal claims.
Fraxinus excelsior. W. Native.
o — M. & E., but only
originall lanted.
Gadtinns Monrall: c M. Per-
haps also in E.
Erythrea Centaurium. M. & E.
yee arvensis. W., M.

Verbaseum Thapsus. E.

Journau or Botany. ve. 22.

273
spc repens. E. (Naturalised

L. rales GE.
Grobent cage The“ Perth?”

having been found at Meth-
e m nearly certain that
Pie was mistaken for it.

M. piperita. ¥
M. aquatica.

sativa. M. & E.
Origanum vulgare
Calamintha cine
Lamium album i
aldieliescantas K.
sum. ;
Galeopsis Ladanum. E.
Betonica officinalis. M.
Stachys ambigua.

EK.
M. & E.

Glechoma hederacea. E.
Seutellaria galericulata. W.& HE.
Myosotis age a W. & M.
M. collin
@ iomerssain arvense. = & EB.
M.
.& EK. Both
species of Symphytum are
probably ieisodtictions, but
S. tuberosum is much more
ge a and as possibly

be nativ
Cynoglossumn officinale. M. & E.
C. sylvaticum. E. I am rather

inclined think this is

native.

Echium vulgare. M.& E. Pro-
bably — but not in all
I

a asia vulgaris = & EB.

U. interm

U; eda &
Primula veri W., M. & E.
Though iiscatan local, this

is often very abundant and

undoubtedly native. —
Lysimachia Numm

Perhaps an introduction.

Pic 1884.] r

PERTHSHIRE PLANTS AND

KE.

274

An — arvensis.
A. tenel M.
Gea rrtcuins minimus. W.&E.

P. Coronop
Littorella lacustris.
Chenopodium Bonus- Henricus.
“a he but scarcely in-
ig
Ohicne. poakalns oides. EH. was
probably fared in error.
nothing of the
plant in Perthshire now.
Atriplex Babingtonii. E.
A. scguatitola. W.&M.
ag bortgars Bistorta. M. & E.,
t only as an outcast.
-, lapathifolium E.
P. Persicaria. E.

Rumex Hydrolapathum. E.

R. conspersus. M.

R. pratensis. M. & E
nemorosus. E,

R. conglomeratus. EF.

Betula verrucosa. M.& E

B. glutinos :

Salix alba. M.& BE. ewer: ?

S. triandra Plant

S. undulata

M. Planted ?

Juniperus nana. M. & EB.

Kpipactis palustris. By a typo-
graphicalerror, “Perth mid.”
is given for “ Perth east,”
though the numerals are

Gphcigabes grandiflora. In
the M. station for which this
was recorded we can find (.
ensifolia only.

Corallorhiza innata. EK. It was
a few years ago, and pro-
bably is yet, existent in M.,
though eet as “extinct?”

Iris Pseudacor E.

Narcissus Pr i -narcissus. M.
Naturalised.

‘ TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’

Polygonatum verticillatum. I

h
about seven distinct stations,
along a line about thirty
miles long.
Tofieldia palustris
utomus umbellatus.
native in M.
Schewchzeria palustris. I fear
t this is probably onbinst
se oF owing to the
altered conditions of the

W.
Probably

locality.

Potamogeton filiformis

P. zosterifolius. This requires
verification as a Perthshire
plant. We have not saa
able to- find a trace of it in

, for which it is recorded.
YP: decipiens. M.
P. Zizi. I do not know why

uncommon in z bey I
no record of it
P. natans (segr.). W.
Zannichellia palustris.

Introduced

Sparganium minimum. W.& M.

S. simplex. M. ;

S. ramosum. .& E.

Typha latifolia. M. & E.

Juncus cenosus (Gerardi).

J. trifidus. E.

omens So EK.

L. co K.

i senate Extremely doubt-
ful as a Perthshire — I
do not know on what grounds
_ is _ admitted even with

¢9’

Ms

E.

gairpis lacie

. fluitans. .& K.
Eriophorum latifolium. M.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SRLAGINELLA. (os

Carex + pe pee ge W. Catabrosn aquatica. M. & E.,
C. cu E o very recent records
G. SS sctiinecia. M. of its occurrence.
C. paniculata. E. Glyceria aquatica. E.
C. a, fi! a ye G. plicata. E. Perhaps extinct.
err est” i for Stier! sciuroides. E.
bs kasd, 4 : though the sean Bromus asper
are correct. Brachypodiindl sylvaticum. E.
C. sylvatica. M. & E. Polypodium caleareum. Has
Agrostis canina. KE. been exterminated in M.

Phragmites communis. BE.

Since the above a was written an examination of some hitherto
unexplored lakes has
Ghistieeeviient aquaticum. M.
| ©

It may interest botanists iditina Perth to know that specimens
(illustrating the distribution) of almost every Perthshire plant are
preserved in the Perthshire Herbarium of the Perthshire Natural
History Museum.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELL4A
. By J. G. Baxsr, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 247.)

152. §. trichobasis, u.sp.— Stems suberect, 4-1 ft. long,
angled on the face, flat on the back, the root-fibres confined to the
base, densely decompound, the crowded ascending branches elon-
gated and copiously pinnate, the piancliiae subflabellate. Leaves
of the lower plane crowded, except in the lower part of the main
stem, ovate- syste tat acute, spreading, $—$ in. long, bright green,

tel in t P

copious, yi in. long, . diam. ;
crowded, sf Said keeled. “8
Ha ang, Wallich! (included in Herb. Ind. heen No.

Pen
120) ; Sineapore, Sir W. Norris! A near ally of 8. Ph
153. S.c vesrsdkin'e coe aero

Leaves of the lower plane crowded, spreading, oblong- rhomboid,
obtuse, 4 in. long, bright green, rigid in texture, unequal-sided,
dilated, tscbaer rounded and serrulate on the upper side at the
base ; leaves of the upper plane half as long, ovate, with a long
cusp, much imbricated. Spikes square, }—4 in. ord 1 lin. diam. ;

bracts ovate, with a long cusp, strongly keeled

276 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

Hab. Adams Peak, Ceylon, Moon! I have seen only Hooker
and Greville’s single type-specimen, which is in the herbarium of
the British Museum

154. S. arroviripis Spring Mon. ii. 124; S. trinervia, inter-
media, and Blumei Spring Mon. ii. 125-128 ; Lycopodium atroviride
Wall. Cat. No. 120; Hook. & Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 89; L. furcatum

oxb.; L. intermedium Blume. — Stems suberect, }—1 ft. long,
bisulcate down the face, flat on the back, the root-fibres confined to

1
oblong, with a long cusp, much imbricated. Spikes square, }-1 in.
long, 1 lin. dia
Hab

cuspidate. Spikes square, }-1 in. long, } in. diameter. 2-3-nate
from the tip of the branches; bracts rigid, uniform, ovate acumi-
nate, erecto-patent, strongly keeled.

H orneo, Curtis 83! The finest of the Old World
Ascendentes, rivalling articulata in the breadth of its leafy stems.

156. 8. ¢ IAN ing Mon. ii. 126.—Stems suberect, a
foot or more long, flat on the back, bisuleate down the face,
copiously pinnate, the ascending branches
nately compound. Leaves of the lower plane crowded on the
branches, spaced on the lower part of the main stem, spreading or
rather ascending, oblong-rhomboid, obtuse, spuriously 8-nerved,
right green, moderately firm in texture, nearly equal-sided,
rounded and shortly ciliated on both sides at the base, laterally
attached and not imbricated on the upper side over the back of the
stem ; leaves of the upper plane oblique obovate, much imbricated,

i pikes square, 1-2 in. long, 1 lin. diam. ;

bracts ovate acuminate, strongly keeled.

Hab. Philippines, Cuming 2011! 2012! A plant from Borneo,
Motley 8291, differs by having cusps to its leaves of the upper

from a decumbent base, the root-fibres confined to the base, the
face angled, the few ascending pinne elongated, lanceolate,

pinnate, sometimes whip-like at the tip, the final branching sub-
flabellate, the ultimate divisions }—4 in. long, 4 in. broad. Leaves

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 277

upper side at the base ; leaves of the upper plane one-third as long,
ovate, with a short cusp. Spikes short, square, } lin. diam. ;
bracts ovate-cuspidate, strongly keeled.

Hab. Andes of Ocana, New Granada, alt. 8000-9000 feet,
Kalbreyer 1080 !

9. S. regularis, n. sp.— Stems about 4 ft. long, suberect,
with the root-fibres confined to the lower third, bisuleate down the
face, regularly pinnate, the lower branches copiously compound.
Leaves of the lower plane rather spaced, except at the tip of the
branchlets, rather ascending, ovate- or oblong-lanceolate, acute, a

,

977 !
0. S. assurgens, n. sp.—Stems suberect, decompound, } ft.
long, convex on the face, flat on the back, the close ascending
branches copiously compound. Leaves of the lower plane con-
tiguous on the branchlets, spaced on the branches and main stem,
ascending, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright
green, moderately firm in texture, rather unequal-sided, broadly
rounded, denticulate and a little imbricated over the stem on the
upper side at the base; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
ovate, with a long cusp. Spikes copious, square, 4-} in. long,
1 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate, acute, strongly keeled.
Hab. outh Brazil, Gardner 76! Burchell 2238! Glaziou
5215 ! 5687! 7968! Midway between erectifolia and Martensit.
161. S. subeaulescens, n. sp. — Stem above 4 ft. long, stiffly
erect, acutely angled on the face, simple near the base, closely pin-
nate, with erecto-patent copiously compound branches. Leaves of
the lower plane contiguous and rather ascending on the branchlets,
much spaced and spreading on the main stem, oblong- or ovate-
lanceolate, acute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright green, moderately
in texture, broadly rounded and shortly ciliated on the upper

x

278 _ SHORT NOTES.
side at the base, and a little imbricated over the stem; leaves of
the upper plane small, ovate, with a long cusp. Spikes short,
square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-cuspidate, strongly keeled.

Hab. Eastern Cuba, C. Wright 1822!

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

Totypetta prouirera Leonh. 1x Cames. ann Hunts.——This rare
species grows in the parishes of Welche’s Dam and Benwick, in

D Erica cinerea. — Miiller, in his recently translated
work on the Fertilisation of Flowers, in recording (p. 877) the
visits of various bees to Erica Tetralix, states that the honey-bee

insects of the same kind repeated the operation. The action was
rather boring than biting, and was comparable to pushing an awl
without twisting through a thin deal-board. In some cases a dis-
tinct sound was heard, as when paper is pricked witha pm. am

SHORT NOTES. ‘ 279

not sure which species of Bombus it was, and regret I did not
bring home a specimen. This, however, is not a point of great
importance, as all the Bombi have, I believe, longer tongues than
the honey-bee. The advantage to both bees of the perforation

1 rt in

€ a sufficient motive for the exercise of intelligence in the
humble-bee. I cannot find that these facts concerning the Scotch
Heath haye been hitherto recorded. Dr. Ogle does not mention
them in his account of the fertilisation of various species of Erica
im vol. ix. of the ‘ Popular Science Review.’—J. T. Powzuu.

of Wisbech, found a plant, some years ago, which is mentioned in
Professor Babington’s ‘ Flora of Cambridgeshire’ under the heading
‘““? Fumaria capreolata.”” Fresh specimens of this form have

to F. Borei Jord. This gives us two forms, from well-worked
Pnbridgeshite, not included in ‘ Topographical Botany.—A.rrep
RYER.

Sanvia
told that Salvia pratensis grew in a meadow belonging to Mr.

duly sent; it proved to be undoubtedly 8. pratensis, and is, I
believe, the first record of its occurrence in the county of Bucks.—
J ENBOW,

Mippiesex Pranrs.—A few weeks since I discovered a small
colony of Ophrys apifera, about a dozen plants in all, in a meadow
south of Harefield, surrounded by Lathyrus Nissolia and Polygonum
Bistorta. On the same day I gathered Sisymbrium Sophia in a lane
near Uxbridge, and since then several more specimens in the same

“‘extincts”’ in the ‘Flora of Middlesex,’ there being apparently

Last week I came upon Myriophyllum alterniflorum in ponds near

280 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Rickmansworth, on both sides of the county boundary; yet the
solitary instance of its occurrence given in the Middlesex Flora is

the copses around these fields. Within the last day or two I have
gathered Geranium columbinum, Scirpus fluitans, Campanula hybrida,
and several other species, all of which appear to be singularly scarce
in the county. For C..hybrida the only station given is Harefield,
being “ now confined to the chalk’; but it grows in fields about
Ruislip reservoir-fields, far removed from the chalk. Athyrium
Filix-femina (presumed to be ‘ extinct”) grows sparingly in Old
Park Wood.—Joun Benzow.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
The Student's Flora of the British Isles. By Sir J. D. Hooxzr,
K.C.8.1., &. Third Edition. London: Macmillan, 1884,
pp. xxii. 568.

ow

on the other hand, 8S. céspitosa, formerly retained as a species, 18
now reduced to a form of JS. hypnoides. S. Andrewsii is relegated
e

Nicholson. Mr. Ball has contributed many notes; Mr. Arthur
Bennett has revised the Potamogetons; while the eighth edition

NOTICES OF BOOKS. : 281

of ‘Bahineton’ s ‘Manual,’ the second of ‘ i te Botany,’
and Nyman’ s ‘ Conspectus,’ —called by a curious and repeated slip,
“the second edition of Nyman’s ‘ Sylloge’” ‘Waa I been “48

ec is to be thanked for the line he has Pei in the matter.
But although much has been done in the » right direction, the

it has been deliberately ignored. Thus , Sir Joseph adopts the

appropriate 4 so gear stand. Thus the name Badesonlie
Sardous Crantz, is said by Sir J. Hooker to be ‘“‘ too inappropriate,”
—as if a little appropriateness might be prison but not too much

of it!—and so the more recent name of Curtis is retained: he
States ee that Cladium ae aoniciae Schrad. (Retz.) is ‘an
older than C. Mariscus Br., and yet retains the latter. In
r Nyman retains the name Tilia parvifolia, rejecting T.

gaan Scop. as ‘‘ nomen incongruum,” ph rejects
son’s name Sium er yore for Linneus’s S. angustifolium, st

law of arte is the only possible way of sbtaining ae stil

* Thet ae species of ng which find a place in British books must all
different names from those usually received. Babington gives them fi sd T. inter~
media DG. 7. aboter et : Ehth. ., and 7. parvifolia Ehrh. For the first two Sir
J.D. Hooker substitutes the older names T. aes 8 yllos Scop. and T. vulgaris
Hayne; over Gus ‘hind, attra he retains eT ulmi ee has precedence, but
this should perhaps be set aside in favour of T. Piet. ed. viii.
to whi This name was placed by D chinese 8 asa synonym of T. pleweisies,

i n of 7. cordata belongs, although his

t aodomaee

“82 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

compromises with truth deserve to do. It is to be regretted that,
even in the ‘Genera Plantarum,’ the learned authors have some-
times deliberately ignored this principle, as when they place
Schollera of Roth (1788) as a synonym of Oxycoccus of Persoon

805);* or suppress Trichosporum D. Don (1822), in favour
of Aischynanthus Jack. (1823

should they casually encounter it in their reading, a misprint
for Alisma. Other restorations are Carew echinata Murr. (1770)

erica——

rostrata Stokes, as Mr. Pryor pointed out (Journ. Bot. 1881,
. » Inust supersede C. ampullacea Good. (1794). Arenaria
hirta Wormsk. (FI. Danica, t. 1646 (1819)) rightly replaces
e than either is 4.

A. rubella Hook. ; an earlier nam

sulcata Schlecht. (Mag. Gesellschaft. Nat. Freun

(1816) ). The Helianthemu equire a good deal of alteration

H. vulgare Gaertn. (De Fruct. i. 371 (1788) ) and H. canum Duna
rod. i. 277 (1874)) must yield to H necistus and

H. marifolium, both published by Miller (Gard. Dict. ed. viii.)

1768; a iller, too, must stand instead of Persoon, as the

authority for H. polifolium, published by the latter in 1807.

Tragopogyon minus Miller (1 ), must ace J’. minor Fries

(1828). Linaria, again, Miller, not Aiton, should be credited

* Schollera Oxycoceus Roth. Tent. Fl. Germ. i. 170 (1788): Oxycoccus
palustris Pers, Syn. i. 419 (1805), The genus, though retained in the ‘ Genera,
r Vaccinium in the ‘ Student’s Flora.’
t We can find no evidence that Salisbury ever ealled the plant ‘‘Calluna
vulgaris Salisb.” That specific name seems to have been added by Hull (Brit.
Flora i. 114) in 1808.

_ NOTICES OF BOOKS. 2838

supersede L. minor Desf. (1798), of which DeCandolle quotes it as
a a, Agropyrum was spelt by its ye Gaertner, Agro-
(Nov. Comm. Petrop. xiv. pt. 1. 589). Sieglingia of
Decohsnii (1799) must replace T'riodia of Brown (1810). The
present would have been a good opportunity for me restoration
of Blackstonia of Hudson (1762), in place of Adan
(1768). Calamintha Acinos Clairv. (in Gain Fi. Halvel iv. 84
(1829) ), must certainly be superseded by C. arvensis Lam
“nomen multo anterius’” (1778) says Nyman,—who, however,
adds, ‘sed spe incongruum,” and iyi suppresses it. ret

names: Sir Joseph has Selinuwm carvifolium L., which is in-
accurate. It is not easy to see how Physospermum cornubiense DC.
eal iv. 246 (1880) ) can be retained, in the face of Sprengel’s
earlier P, ipeeicatan (Umbell. p. 19 (1813)). The genus
rein being now deriva placed under Arenaria, is not likely
to trouble us much; but it may be remarked, in passing, that it is
perhaps more widely and variously — in British books than
any — in existence; Bentha Hooker writing it —

: balling by Ehrhart t being Homing as above. Itis not pees aan
further to multiply exa — those which have been adduced, and
the very numerous ones in the ‘ Student’ 8 vane show por’

eles would pre nL Pon ae oe laniak Decaboaas’ to
ch we are wocietont
ne point of detail. our British handbooks are uniformly in-

The
phitture.- Pesleding as it does the two groups styled ie
“aliens, casuals, waifs of roan cape c., and ‘“ ema

natrlized slike 2 If so, it Tien. we think, araite a 5 place i in the
7 the a Lavatera sylvestris is called “ an e cee : Pi

hrubberies”; so critical an ob sia as our valued
contributor Mr. T. R. Archer Briggs says itis “ quite established

984 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

in a few spots’’* near Plymouth, and other observers speak of its
— naturalisation in Cornwall. Siler trilobum and drch-
angelic ae ys e think, claim a place in the text as being at least

— ice nit for ~m more than forty years,” and

enjoys the double honour of a place as a genuine “ oe on
p- igen a further mention as an ‘“‘ excluded spec

would of course be easy to ap i a amy of this kind,
but this would be neither gracious nor necess The omissions
in the volume are oes few, the ser cabkineabis being the interest-
ing Naias alagnensis, upon which we hope to lay shortly before
our readers an exhaustive memoir from the pen of Mr. Charles
Bailey. The ‘Student's Flora’ is now indispensable to the

Manual °f the wee of North America. By L. Lesquereux and
8. pp. 447, tt. 6. Boston: Cassino & Co.

For re initiative of this important work we must look back to
_ year 1848, when Sullivant published in Gray’s ‘ Manual

of Botany,’ brief descriptions of the Mosses of the northern United
States,—only 205 in number, but exactly doubled in the second
edition of the same in 1856. But the ample means and unceasing
energy of eee could not rest here, and he next gave to the
world the two magnificent volumes of ‘Icones,’ with which his
name will lire ver be associate d

in, and it became dislikes ore su en a more complete guide
to American Bryology. This Sullivant undertook, ably supported
by the veteran Lesquerenx, of Columbus, and T. P. James,
of Cambridge, with the result before us, @ beautifully printed
volume with descriptions of some 900 species, which no doubt
be largely exceeded, as the more distant parts of the continent are
more thoroughly scrutinized.

During its progress, Sullivant, James and Austin have been
called away from their e arthly labou urs, er tu 2 has

27 species are carefully diced: pa beiay new, S. Garberi, allied
to S. molle, and 8, Fitzgeraldi, close to S. didi biies » after which come
Andreaacee, represented only by our three commoner British species.
NT ERD OONR Mec OSORNO TIS ea adc a ge alia

* Flora ymouth, 69. t Id. 238.

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 285

no less than 14. Dicranum has 24 species, peo all Kur haga
while of the 11 of Campylopus we i. only two in Europe, and
Fissidens has 24 species, of which 15 are non-European

An interesting fact is the discovery in Wisconsin of the fruit of
the long-known Eustichia ee oxiphium) norvegica, which has the
calyptra surmounted by a long nine awn and a gymnostomous
capsule. Tortula and Desmatodon include 61 species, of which 28 are
endemic, while 4 of Atrichum 2 of Oligotrichum, and 6 of Pogonatum
are non-Kuropean; eae and Dichelyma number 18 species, 11
being American only. The small group including Cryphea, Alsia,
Leptodon and Thelia is rich in indies forms, and the tropical ac
Meusricn is represented by 2 species. Hypnum, that t rrible

an
come ; but every worker in this field of Botany will be thankfal for
the olde before us, a credit to the authors, to the publishers, an

_ to the country which has given it birth.

The eight beautiful wee: given in Gray’s ‘Manual’ of 1856
are also reprinte ed; and we may note that these were also issued
in rom al ie “ Synopsi of 1860, without any acknowledgement
of their sou R. Brairuwalte.

Tue new (4th) edition of the ‘ Elementary Course of Botany,
Structural, Physiological, and Systematic,’ which, in spite of con-
nu nd extensive alterations, bears still Henfrey’ s name as
aa ha laeaty been issued. In its preparation Dr. Masters,
the editor, has had the help of Mr. A. W. Bennett, who has
‘rewritten the whole of the sections relating to the Cryptogamia,
and rend.red great assistance in the chapters treating of Higtlagy
and Physiology.” The typographical a nt is a decided

good summary of the present state of snameier and—no small
boon to the student—it has an excellent in

Tur New South Wales Government has ‘ail y aciggons from
Lord Brabourne xn interesting collection of papers relative to
Australia. It consists mainly of letters belonging to Sir Joseph
Banks, including his correspondence with Captains Vancouver,
‘Bligh, Flinders and King, and Colonel Paterson, covering the
period between 1772 and 1815.

286 : NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Tue last part (Vol. ix. pt. i.) of the ‘Annales du Jardin
Botanique de Buitenzorg’ contains papers by M. Treub on the
Cycadee, and on the embryo, embryo-sac and ovules; and W.
Burck on the floral organisation in some Rubiaceae, and on the
Fern-flora of Borneo.

Tue last part (1883-4) of the Proceedings of the British
Naturalist’s Society contains a further instalment of Mr. J. W.
_ White’s ‘ Flora of the Bristol Coal-fields’ (bringing the list down

to Amentifere), and of Mr. i all’s ‘Fungi of the
Bristol District’; as well as a paper by Mr. White, on certain intro-
duced plants of the neighbourhood, entitled ‘ Flora of the Avon Bed.’

Mr. Tuomas Kirk sends us a fascicle of short papers lately
contributed by him to the Transactions of the New Zealand
Institute. The following new species are described :—Podocarpus
acutifolius (with figure), Aciphylla Traillii, Olearia Traillii, Brachy-
come Thomsonit (fig.), Raoulia Goyeni, Amphibromus fluitans (fig.)
Carmichaelia Enysii (fig.), C. uniflora (fig.).

An admirable model of what a popular monograph should me

comes to us from New York, in Mr. H. Baldwin’s ‘ Orchids ©

of this interesting group of plants. Such standard authors a
sa Gray and Meehan are largely quoted; but
volu mere pilation, for the writer ev!

own artist, and gives figures, which are a little too sketchy, of most
of the species. Why should not our British orchids be treated in
like manner ?

Every working botanist will weleome a new edition (the tenth)
of Prof. Morren’s indispensable ‘ Correspondance Botanique.’ It
has been revised with great care, the help of botanists in various
countries having contributed to render it very complete. oO
publisher's name or price is given; we believe it may be obtained
from Prof. Morren, Liége, at very small cost.

The ‘Report and Transactions of the Penzance Natural His-
tory and Antiquarian Society’ for 1883-84 contains, among other
interesting matter, papers by Mr. Ralfs and Mr. Curnow on ‘ The
Marine Algz of West Cornwall’ - an interesting study of the flora
of a very limited district entitled «Carn, Marsh, Wood, and Hedge-
row,’ by Mr. Samuel Tait; a paper on the Sphagnums of ‘est
Cornwall,’ by Mr. Curnow; and two chatty articles, ‘The Mossists
on the Tramp’ and ‘A Lichen Supper.’

ROUMBIE Brown sends us another of his useful works on
forest science, entitled ‘Forestry in Norway’ (Edinburgh: Oliver &
Boyd). Although avowedly a compilation, it is, like the rest of the se-
ries, an extremely useful and well-arranged handbook of the subject.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 287

R. H. D. Gzxparr contributes to vol. iii. of the ‘ Transactions
of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Society’ a list of additions
and corrections to ~ lists of Norfolk plants already published in
the same Transaction

Tue ‘ Boletim er ’ for 1883, issued by the mene 2
Broteriana of Coimbra, contains the following papers :—‘ Excursio
botanique aux iles Berlengas et Farilhoes,’ by J. Daveau (armed
berlengensis, n. sp.) ; ontributiones ad floram mycologicam lusi-
tanicam,’ by Dr. G. Winter; ‘ Subsidios para ¢ estudo da Flora
Portugueza,’ by I. de Mariz (Leguminosee: Ulex emer smi
: Resatenenton para o estudo da flora pec
ae (Armeria eriophylla Willkomm, n. sp.) ; eves de
Macau.’ par J. Gomes da Silva.

Wr received Nos. 1 and 2 of anewand handsome “‘ quarterly,
devoted to the historical and scientific discussion of the botany,
prarmacy, chemistry, and therapeutics of the medicinal plants of

rth America, ane eo pr pe ac and sophistications.”
Tt i 1s entitled, ‘ Dru edicines of America,’ Messrs.
J.U. and C. G. Lloy vd beng the authors. The two numbers before
us are devoted to ie Ranunculaceae ; the accounts given of each
species are very full, and the illustrations original and good.
Messrs. Christy & Co., 155, Fenchurch Street, E.C., are the
London agents, and the subscription price is 5s. per annum.

—~ —G. Kass poe ‘Ueber das Mark einiger Holz-
pilanze ’ (Breslau, Kern, 1884: 8vo, pp. 38, tt. 2).—A. ALLESCHER,
Varsdichais in Siidbayern beobachteter Basidiomyceten’ (Miin-

chen, Kellerer: 8vo, pp. 64). —S. Scumuzr, ‘ Materialien zu cone
Flora des Presburger Comitates (Presburg, Wigand: 8vo, pp. 5
— KE. Srrasspurcerr, ‘Das Botanische Practicum’ (Jena, Fischer :

8vo, pp. xxxvi. 664). — "t. Hasertannt, ‘ Physiologische Pflanzen-
rag —— pzig, Engelmann: 8vo, pp. xii. 899: 140 cents.).—
A. De Spat akan Morphologie & Biologie der Pilze,
Sagan & Bacterien ’ ee Engelmann: 8vo, pp. xvi. 55
198 cents.). — H. Barpwin, ‘ The Orchids of New England ' (New
York, Wiley: 8vo, pp. 158 : 40 figures). — J. C. Brown, ‘ Forestry
in Norway’ (Edinburgh, Otivee & Boyd: 8vo, pp. vili. 227).—
W. A. Ketrerman, ‘Plant Analysis: a classified list of the wild
flowers of the foe ane United States’ ( speomansg ig oes Potter: 8vo,
PP. viii. 258: 180 figs.). — E. A. & C. Apear, ‘Plant Analysis;
adapted to hee s Botanies’ (New York, Ivison & Co. : mae pp. 12:
remainder consists of blank forms for description).

Articies In JOURNALS.
American Naturalist.—A. F. Foerste, ‘ oe on Pesace: flowers.
—Hypum Burberi — sp. n.—C. M. Weed, ‘ Fertilisation of
Pedicularis canaden
Ann. and Mas Nat. Hist. — R. Kidston, ‘ New species of Lyco-
podites ( L. eo) from the Calciferous Sandstone Series of Scot-
land’ (1 plate).

288 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. |

Bot. Centralblatt (No. 84). — F. Heyer, ‘Zur Kenntniss der
Farne das Carbon und des Rothliegenden pes Saar-Rhein-Gebiete.’
Bot. Zeitung (July 18, 25, Aug. 1). — fommieprs ‘Zur Ent-
eae ecaue der Gastromyceten.’ _— zach . Memoir of
rt (July 25, 1800—May 18, 1884). pestis 8, 15, 22).
ee : ‘Die grosse Wachsthumsperiode bei den Fruchttraigen

von yn Phycomyces.’

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club (June). — G. Vasey, ‘New Grasses’
(Panicum Chapmani, P. Hallii, spp. nn.). — A. F. Foerste, Dae
ment of Podophyllum. — C. B. Plowright, ‘Acidium Bellidis.

os 1). J.B. Ellis & J. M. Everhart, ‘New N. American Wing!
B. D. Gilbert, ‘ Notes on Botrychia.

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Aug. 2), — Aerides Sanderianum Rehb. f.,
n. sp. — (Aug. tp —— Sillemianum Rehb. n. sp.
Halesia — (fig. 84), — gre va Dyckia leptostachya Baker,
n. sp. — Plagia idee fags (fi .— Pinus uncinata (fig. 42).—
(Aug. 23). "Kniphofia Leichtlinii var. D diaahes Baker.— Pseudolarix
Kaempferi (fig. 48). — G. Smith, ‘Diseases of Mushrooms’
(Fusiporium mucophytum W. Sm.).

Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 184 (Aug. 18). — J. Ball, ‘ Contributions
to Flora of N. Patago nia’ saiaveurich Ae Clarazti Ball, Chuquiraga
Kingit Ball, Lantana Clarazii Ball, isyrinchium Clarazii Baker,
Stipa Clarazi Ball, spp. nn — J. "Sehaarschmidt, ‘ Notes on

d
Tomb’ (1 plate 60 — C. B. Clarke, ‘Flor ora of Parasnath.’ —-

(H. setiferus, ig unica: 1 plate).
Jou oyal Microscopical Society. — J. H. L. Flogel, ‘On the
Bicnoact of the Cell-walls of Diatoms.
Knowledge (Aug. 22).—Grant Allen, ‘ Sunflowers.’
Midland Naturalist, — A. W. Wills, ‘ Preservation of Native
lants. Gro ‘On the Pilobolide” — J. BE. Bagnall,
‘ Flora of 1 Warvickihive® Sianiifere—— 4ranee’.
Naturalist.—J, Backhouse, ‘ Teesdale rabiee : ;
Nuovo Giornale Bot. “os (July 24).—- U. Martelli, ‘Gli
Agaricni del Micheli.’—P, Pichi, ‘Sulla Beta vulgaris var. sacchart-
fera.’—A. Piecone, ‘ Contribuzione all’ algologia eritrea’ (3 plates).
CEsterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — V. v. Janka, ‘ Botanisches aus
Spanien.’ — A. Hau irg, ‘ Beitrige zur béhmischen Therm al-
algenflora.’—D. Hire, ‘ Floristisches aus Croatien.’—E. Formanek,
‘Flora der Beskiden.’ — P, q. Strobl, ‘ Flora a Etna.’
jak Journal (Aug. 16). — W. Elborne, ‘Report on
English Rhubar b.’— (Aug, 23). W. Ferguson, ‘ The Noyau Vine,

Ipomea sinuata.
Science eae Rushes’ (illustrated).

289

ON SOME PLANTS OF NORFOLK ISLAND, WITH
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW ASPLENIUM,

By Baron Von Muetuer, K.C.M.G., M.D., Pu. D., F.R.S.

THe small far-isolated terrestrial rise, called Norfolk Island, in
the Pacific Ocean, although considerably nearer to New Zealand
than to Australia, pertains, as regards its original vegetation, much
more to the latter than to the former; and moreover, as it is a
political dependency of New South Wales, it will be best to count

always as Australian. The indigenous plants of Norfolk Island
engaged long ago the careful scrutiny of Professor Endlicher, his

*Prodromus Flore Norfolkiane,’ issued in 1888, resting on drie

Sparingly have any notes appeared on the plants of the island, so that
some of the species remain still involved in obscurity. Being eager
date these for the Flora of Australia, I was fortunate enough,

€;

base, slightly incised towards the summit, thence downward

crenated ; the lower broadly adnate and somewhat oblong-cuneate;
yelns crowded parallel, divided into 2-4 branches, reaching the
margin of the frond; sori variable in length, narrow, developed on

Journan or Borany.—Vou. 22. [Ocroser, 1884.) u

290 A NEW SPECIES OF ARDISIA.

the upper half of the frond only, almost horizontal, neither reaching
its margin nor the midrib.

: Mr. Robinson’s collection contains also the following ferns as
new for Norfolk Island :—Pteyis marginata Bory, Aspidium uligino-
sum Kunze, A. cordifolium Sw., A. molle, Hypolepis tenuifolia Bernh.,
Cheilanthes tenuifolia Sw., and Ophioglossum vulgatum Li

A NEW SPECIES OF ARDISIA.
By H. F. Hance, Ph.D.

nigricantibus notatis 8-4} poll. longis 18-21 lin. latis pe sei

4—lineali, umbellis solitariig ramulo pedunculove a:

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS. 291

2 poll. longo sub apice folia 1-4 plus minus deminuta gerente
fultis circ. 12-15 floris, floribus nutantibus, pedicellis 4-5 lin.
longis cum bracteolis linearibus 2 lin. jonas ‘calycisque segmentis
linearibus albis acuminatis 24 lin. longis pilis articulatis obsitis,
corolle 5-partite glaberrime 5 lin. di ametro laciniis ovatis acu-
minatis sub anthesi reflexis, teneris niveis minute rufo-punctatis,

' nel ages

antheris acutis pallide stramineis, stylo subulato trae paulo
superante, bacca spherica coccinea g per pis

n.
This. charming compact little plant is worth cultivating for the
rich bright foliage and wax-like blos ssoms, and, as Mr. Ford “¢ il

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.
By tue Rev. W. Morte Rogers, F.L.S.
(Concluded from p. 270).

_ Callitriche obtusangula Le Gal. C. Ditches at back of Lodmoor,
im good quantity, July 5th, 1884. Not recorded for the county in
Top. Bot. or Fl. Dors., but found, I believe, by Mr. Mansel-
Pleydell, near Wareham, before the present year.

_ Bryonia diciea L. B. and C. Locally comm

' Ribes rubrum L. C. rhe esti By the Frome, near Dor-
chester. Denizen or native

Cotyledon Umbilicus L. "0. Near bere railway station.
Apparently local in District C., though an in B.

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium mG,

Petroselinum segetum Koch. B. = chem ‘Mel bury oad.

Eigopodium Podagraria L. B. Chetnole. C. eeu Near
Moreton Heath. Denizen In all.

Sium angustifolium L. = By the Frome near Frampton

Silaus pratensis Bess. B. Ryme, Chetnole and Leigh, common.
C. Rampisham. Lodmoor. E. Bailey e
Torilis nodosa Gaert. B e. Chetnol

Cherophyllum Anthriscus Lam. C. Open ground at end of lane
South-east of iSomente railway station, on turfy banks near a
ouse, n.
Viburnum ( fonts L. ©. Near Evershot and Dorchester, but in
no great quantity. Throughout the county V. Lantana seems far
the commoner species.
Galium Cruciata With. C. Evershot. Sen pb et Local.
—G. Mollugo L. Only ay common in Dist nd C, —
G. palustre L., var. elongatum. O. Near Doshhackee “by the Frome.

292 NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.

Lodmoor.— G. uliginosum L. CC. Evershot and Rampisham ;
meado
Asperula cynanchica L, ©, Poundbury. Maiden Castle.
Valeriana dioica L. C. Ev ne agai meadows near
_ village and railway station, in great quantity.
Valerianella olitoria ae
arduus tenuiflorus Curt. C. Near Wareham railway station.—
C. crispus L. B. Quite common. C. Black Down. Dorchester.
Yellowham Wood. Local. —C. pratensis Huds. C. Meadows at
EKyvershot. Moreton Heath. EE. eee Ridge. — C. acaulis L.
C. Downs about Dorchester, common
retium majus Schk. In one place between Ryme a and
Malhary, on the Yeovil and Dorchester Road.—-4. minus Schk.
C. Evershot. Yellowham Wood.
Serratula tinctoria LL. B. Ryme. Chetnole. C. Lodm
Chrysanthemum segetum L. ©. Puddletown Heath handed: West
Lulworth. The only places in the county where I remember to
have nay it.

acetum vulgare LL. B. Ryme; denizen. The only Dorset
n to me

Achillea Piarmicn dy BH. Beiley ee This is frequent in
istri have not seen it in

Filago minima Fries. CG, Moreton Heath. Near Wareham
railway station.

enecio sylvaticus L. B, Ryme. OC. reat Heath. Near
wen railway station. — S. erucifolius L. B. Ryme. Yet--
mins Lei
Cichovie Intybus i. Ct. wie Dorchester.
Picris hieracioides L. B. Ryme. C. Dorchester.
Tragopogon pratensis Ty. oR me. C. E

Hieracium vulgatum Fries, G_ ey A Soe by claypits near
Creech.—H. wnbellatum 1. C. Black

Campanula latifolia, ©. Near Boahak about half-a-mile on

ae

Vaccinium Myrtillus L. B. Bubb Down :
‘inca minor L. Bound Lane, Botwsdti Chetnole and Leig.
Perhaps native.

Gentiana Amarella L, (Q, Hilly pasture sloping to the wees
about a mile from m Evershot; abundant. h.

Cuscuta Epithymum Murr. C. Black Down. Moreton Heat
Puddletown Heath,

Migee luteus L. ©, Riverside near mill, east of Dorchester,
June, 1884. Alien. ;
eronica Buaxdaumii Ten. B. Ryme. OC. Near Evershot =
Dorchester.—V. montana L. B. Melbury Park, C. ees
Evershot; bushy place on Beaminster Road. — V. scutellata . :
C. Ditches below Moreton Foe station, a ee —V. sim
L. B. Yetminster. ©. Ailweli. By the Frome at Frampton

NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS, 2938

and eee in great quantity. Far more frequent in Dorset
than in Dev

Secbanche m minor Li. B. angen C. Near Evershot railway
station. By Puddletown Heath

Scutellaria minor L. OC. Puddletown Heath.

Galeopsis Ladanum L. C. Evershot, in one place

Lithospermum arvense LL. B. Ryme. C. By Maiden Castle.

Myosotis cespitosa Schultz. B. Leigh. C. Evershot. Ram-
pisham. Maiden Newton. Moreton Heath. Near Wareham
railway station. Weymouth. M. repens Don (so common in
Devon) I have so foe altonsttiny rie to find in Dorset; M.
palustris With. and M. versicolor Reich. are common in District C.,
but I have not seen either of them in Be —M. arvensis Hoffm., var.
. Bab. C. Ailwell.—M. collina Reich. B. Ryme. G. Corfe

stle

Cynoglossum officinale L. OC. Weymou
Lysimachia vulgaris Li. C. Nea ® Wareham railway station. — L.

a th Cov

‘i Plantago lanceolata L., var. Timbali. C. Seccanion. By Maiden

astle.

Rumer pulcher L. ©. Near oe railway station.

Polygonum Bistorta L, B. Melbury Park, in great urea
Denizen? (©. Near Evershot, in several places. Truly natura-
lized, if not native.

Daphne Laurel kee: age esr fea and Berwick. Leigh.

I think probably native in this distri
ercurialis annua I. OC. Neer “Wareham railway station.

worth.

us Lupulus L. B. RByme (seen only near houses).

umul ?
Chetnole, frequent. OC. Evershot te Rampisham neighbourhoods.

some places perhaps native.
Populus conte B. xeig Drove. C. By the Frome near

t .

Triglochin palustre L. C "Meadows, Genes

rehis bivewdals L. B. Banks near Ryme, on the Dor-
chester Road. ©. West Lulworth, Miss L. Ringdon, a 1884.

Gymnadenia conopsea Brown. C. Maiden Castle. G. Bog
_ hear Creech.

Habenaria chlorantha Bab. B. Near Ryme. Melbury Park.
E. Bailey Bri idge.

Epipactis palustris Crantz. C. Boggy pound - by Rampisham
Wood, in great quantity, Miss Jessie Rooke, July, 1
Tulipa sylvestris L. B. Leigh Drove, a plant : yen for severa
years; denizen. Discoyered in 1879 by Miss Isabella ne ne
who sent me one of several flowers that she then gathered. A year
or two later I saw the plants in situ. This year we could see no
7 then. bas i wan ae lato as July

294 NOTES ON DORSET PLANTS.

Luzula pilosa Willd. C. Ailwell. Yellowham Wood.—L. mul-
tiflora Koch. Common in Districts B. & C.

Carex paniculata L. ©. Evershot. ar vulpina L. Brae ee
commen in Districts B. & C0. muricata L. B. RB Yet

Yellowham Wood and Puddletown. E. Bailey Ridge. Hardly
common, though widely distributed.—C. divulsa Good. B. Ryme.
Chetnole. C. Evers shot. Puddletown Heath. Near Wareham
ee station. D. Lane between Yellowham Wood and Puddle-
town.——C. ovalis Good. (. Common about Evershot. Sud), see

fe)
>
o
°
a
6
mS
pele
ao
0g
oO
|
|
Q
is)
=.
y
ier)
>
="
Et ¢

C. Maiden Newton. Lodm

Avena pubescens L. B. Ry me. C. Frequent yay media

and Dorchester. Near Maiden Newton. Yellowham

riodia decumbens Beauy. B. Melbury Park. C. Eat
a Heath. Near Wareham railway station. EE. Bailey
i
: Kateri cristata Pers. (? b. gracilis), C. Poundbury. Maiden
ast

— carulea Monch. C. Moreton Heath, Yellowham
Wood, &. E. Bailey €.

iaivcnita — Brown, b. pedicellata. B. Chetnole. C. Upway.
—G, plicata Fri B. Ryme. GC. Evershot. Rampisham. Near
Weymouth, fei uent.

Festuca pseudo-myurus Soyer. B. Chetnole. C. Moreton
Heath. — F. sciuroides Roth. B. Ryme. C. Moreton Heath.
ages Wareham ey station. Puddletown Heath.—/’. pratensis
Huds., b. lolia B. Ryme. Chetnole. C. Evershot. Dor-
chester. Upways: K. Bailey Ridge.

Bromus giganteus L. B. Ryme. Chetnole. Leigh. C. Evershot.
—B. racemosus “ Linn,” pecan) B. Ryme. Chetnole C. Ever-
shot. Moreton Heath. Upw

Triticum caninum Huds. . Chetnole; by the _ = bees
place, in good quantity. The mae Dorset locality pee
Hordewm pratense Huds. B. Stockwood. C. Upw Lo odmoo

— H. murinum L. OC. Near coma a in the "Toads Road.
wa
Nardus stricta L. E. Bailey Ridge.
Asplenium meee Sw. B. Ryme, in two places. C. Ever-
shot. Yellowham Wood. Nowhere abundant.—b. lobatum. C. Be-

moor. "Tinea common

295

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 278.)

2. S. contigua, n. sp.— Stems } ft. long, suberect, with
copious long root-fibres from the Were third, decompound, the
branching between rey deci and pinnate, the face mY the back
flat. Leaves of the lower plane erecto-patent, crowded both on
the stem and branches, tas eolate, pointed “ the upper corner,
1-6th to 1-5th in. long, bright green, moderately firm in texture,
> nema cordate and conspicuously ciliated on the upper side
at the base, and so much imbricated over the stem that it is quite
hidden ; “pies of the upper plane ovate, with a long ee
cusp, m much imbricated. ares et +++ in. long, 1 lin.

bracts ovate, acute, strong y
ab iro, Bicone: 4498! 5688! A near ally of

ids.
163. §. rigidula, n. sp. — Stems stout, ies ape: oe suberect,
above a foot long, with the root-fibres confined to the base,
deptousiy pinnate, the ascending bra pics coghedd semen
compound, with short regular simple or forked branchlets. Leavy:
of the lower plane co repre or nearly so on the seascicioies
ascending, oblique ovate, acute, 4-4 in. long, bright green, rather
m in texture, umequal- mist strongly serrulate on the upper
margin, broadly rounded and much imbricated over the stem on
the upper side at the base ; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
ovate, with a large cusp. Spikes copious, short, square, $-1 lin.
iam. oe ovate- fart ES rs strongly keele
ndes of Ocana, New Gra te ait. 5000-6000 feet,
tensti

lon
with ¢ compound beanih lita Leaves of che lower plane | ovate-
oblong, subacute, subfaleate, } in. long, twice as long as broad,
horizontal from an oblique base, bright green, rather rigid
texture, the margin much reflexed, the upper codge « serrulate and
rounded at the base ; leaves of the lower plan ong
cusp. Spikes short, square; bracts ovate- Hs ty strongly
keeled.
Hab. Bahia, Blane
165. 8. cattrorntca s iad Mon. ii. 98.—Stems slender, —

minutely cuspidate, light green, rather rigid, twice as long as
fae unequal-sided, sabsotdas ‘and denticulate on the Upper vale
at the as, and imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper
pi ry small, ovate-oblong, cuspidate. ‘Spi ikes short, ‘amie;
square; bale ovate-lanceolate, sharply keel
Hab. Califo ornia, Deppe. I have not seen this.

296 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

166. S. Marrensu Spring Mon. ii. 129; S. Poppigiana Hook.
Fil. Exot. t. 56, non Spring; Lycopodium flabellatum Mart. & Gal.,
non Linn.—Stems }~1 ft. long, trailing in the lower half, with
copious long root-fibres, ascending in the upper half, decompound,

the upper plane half as long, oblique-oblong, with a long cusp,
much imbricated. Spikes }-4 in. long, square, 1 lin. diam. ;

nin Mexico. This is now the commonest species
Ann. Se. Nat

- in European gardens, next to S. Kraussiana. n ”

as the lamina. Spikes copious, square, 1 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, crowded, strongly keeled
os : Mount Guayrapurima, Eastern Peru, Spruce 3990!
Differs from sulcata by its suberect habit and continuous stems.
8 MBycINA Spring Mon. ii. 191. — Stem a foot or more

ad
ao

r

very cordate, strongly ciliated and much imbricated over the stem
on the upper side at the base; leaves of the upper plane one-third
to one-fourth as long, oblique ovate, cuspidate, much imbricated.
Spikes terminal on the branchlets, }-1 in. long, square, 1 lin. diam. ;

lower plane crowded and spreading horizontally both on the stem
and branches, lanceolate, subobtuse, 4} in. long, bright green,
moderately firm in texture, rather unequal-sided, serrulate, broadly

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 297

rounded on the upper side at the base, and much imbricated over
the stem; leaves of the upper plane half as long, ovate, with a
long cusp, much imbricated. Spikes copious, lateral, square,
4-1 in. long, 1-12th to 1-8th in. diam. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate,
crowded, strongly keeled.

Hab. Andes of Peru, D’Orbigny! Spruce 4623! Pearce! New
Granada, Kalbreyer 962! A very fine and distinct species.

170. 5. rusetta Moore in Gard. Chron. 1871, 902, fig. 190.—
Stems a foot long, suberect, with root-fibres from the lower half,
reddish brown, bisuleate on the face, pinnately branched, the lower
branches cuneate, with 5-7 branchlets. Leaves of the lower plane

more produced on the upper side at the base, where itis ciliated and
imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
oot (niger much imbricated. Spikes square, = in. long;

Hab. "Native country wu anki: nown. Introduced ote waiican a
by Mr. B. L. Wi iach about 1870. Intermediate in general habit
between Martensii and concinna.

Grovp III. a EA

171. §. epremzos Spring Mon. ii. 218. — Stems 1-2 ft. long,
decumbent in the lower part, with honte root-fibres from the nodes,
forked low down, suleate down the face, ascending in the upper
part, copiously pinnate, with short erecto-patent simple or little-
compound branches. Leaves of the lower plane crowded on the
branches, spaced on the stem, rather wren | Bilbig- lanceolate,
acute, rather falcate, bright green, moderately firm in texture,
1-6th to 1-5th in. long, unequal- -sided, not sated, ralee re rounded,
and a itil imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base ;
leaves of the upper plane one-third as long g, oblique ovate, much
imbricated, not cuspidate. Spikes square, 1-43 in. long, 1 lin. a
bracts ovate, oT strongly keeled.

a Fre h Guiana, _—.. ! Dutch Guiana, Hostmann,
Kappler. ms Guiana, Jenm !
172. §. Gatzorri Spring Mes i. 220. — S. vevata Liebm. —
Lycopodium soning and ne Mart. & Gal.— Stems 1-2
ect, with root-fibres from the lower half, sometimes
excurrent an nd whi ip-like at the tip, flat on the back, bisulcate
on the face, copiously pinnate, the branches pyramidal and
decompound. Leaves of the lower plane close on the branchlets,
Spaced on the branches and stem, ascending, lanceolate or oblong-
ceolate, acute, 4-1 in. long, bright green and moderately firm
in texture, more produced on the upper side of the midrib, laterally
attached, not imbricated over the stem, broadly rounded and shortly
ciliated on the upper side at the base, truncate and auricled on the
lower; leaves of the upper plane et — to _ -half as long,
oblique ovate or oblong, acute, much imbricated. Spikes }~} in.
in. diam., square; bracts ovate cpr os keeled.

(298 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

Hab. Common in Mexico, Galeotti 6606! Linden 85! Bourgeau
1425! Hahn 2025! Guatemala, Salvin ¢ Godman 873! Frequent
in gardens. I do not think Spring’s Panaman and Bolivian plants
are this species, but his S. Poeppigiana var. mexicana belongs here.

178. 8. sertcea A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran. 882. — Stems
stout, suberect, a foot or more long, flat on the back, deeply
bisulcate down the face, sending out long radicles from the lower
nodes, copiously pinnate, the erecto-patent branches flabellately
compound. Leaves of the lower plane crowded and rather

over the stem; leaves of the upper plane one-third as long, oblique
ovate, acute. Spikes square, 4-1 in. long, 1 lin. diam.; bracts

ovate, acute, much imbricated. Spikes square, }-} in. long, 1 lin.
am.; bracts ovate, acute, crowded, strongly keeled.

Hab. Andes of Eastern Peru, Poppig! Matthews 1085! Spruce

4628! Heuador, in the woods of Archedona, Jameson 714!

Group I[V.—Rap1aT2%.

as long, ovate, acute. Spikes short, square, } lin. diam.; bracts
ovate, acute, strongly keeled, Var. khasiensis Baker.—Leaves of
the lower plane more numerous, closer and more spreading,
narrower, and more acute.

Hab. The type in the Philippine Islands, Cuming 1999!; the
variety gathered by Griffith in the Khasia mountains.

176. S. rtaccma Spring Enum. No. 77.—S. semicordata Spring
Mon. ii. 107 ex parte. — S. radicans Spring Mon. ii. 261. — Lyco-
podium flaccidum Bory. — L. curvatum Dalzell. — Stems suberect,
4-1 ft. long, the slender root-fibres confined to near the ’

ound. Leaves of the lower plane ascending, he on

ciliated nor at all ambrieated over the stem; leaves of the upper
plane more than one-half as long, ouaane oblong, with a large
cusp. Spikes eee slender, 4-1 in. long, 4 lin. diam.; bracts
ovate, cuspida

ab. Raatay Ghauts and Neilgherries, Hohenacker 83a!
Perottet 13861! Jacquemont 689! Pegu, Scott! (a form with a short
aac to the leaves of the upper plane).

177. 8. pennata Spring Mon. ii. 257. — S. crassicaulis Sprin
Mon. ii. 172. — Lycopodium pennatum D. Don. — L. crassicaule
Hook. & Grev. — Stems reaching a foot or more in length, erect,
stout and conspicuously sieves copiously pinnate, the ascending
branches elongated and very compound. Leaves of ie ood plane
contiguous on the musiek ier erecto-patent, pale green, mem-
branous, oblong, acute, a line long, nearly equal- ied Le ciliated,
not at all imbricated over the stem at the base; leaves of the

upper plane “ees half as long, oblong, acute. Spikes copious,
“onnee 4-34 in. long, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, strongly
ele

Hab. Himalayas of Nepaul, Wallich! —— in Herb. Ind.
under No. 128 with S. fulcrata). Habit of S. chrysorhizos, but the
bracts ie

178. S. mereurna Spring Mon. ii. 81.--Stems apna slender,

&@ point at the er corner, a in. long, pale green, very m
branous, aabenudt: sided, broadly rounded, not ciliated, and can Diasateal
over the stem on the upper side at the base; leaves of the upper
plane very small, broad ovate, with a cusp as lon ng as the lam
bole short, square, 3-1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, neconiay

Hab. In Tenasserim, at Mergui, Grijith! Habit of S. tenera,

but oe bracts unifo
S. Pounreri Hort. Veitch. — Stems densely tufted, very
serider suberect, 2~8 in. long, three or ote times dichotomously

forked, ‘with slender radicles from the lower half. Leaves of the
lower plane distinctly spaced, spreading, " paborbiatns, ' Sekaae,
2 line long, ee green, moderately thic k in texture, more pro-

duced on the upper side of the midrib, broadly rounded and
ny ciliated on the upper side at the base, and a little imbricated
over the stem ; leaves of the npper plane nearly as long, cash ovate,
acute, ascending, Spikes slender, 4-1 in. long, 4 lin. diam. ;
bracts ovate, acute, lax, scarcely longer than the spor aint
ab. Azores, ‘introduced into cultivation by Messrs. Veitch
about 1868. Leaves a those of S. delicatissima, but habit
differen

800 SHORT NOTES.

180. S. apysstntca ee Mon. ii. 99.—Stems weak, suberect,
very slender, _ 8-4 in. long, sopioaily ponrei the asc cending

plane spaced even on the branchlets, the iawer spreading, the
upper ascending, oblong-lanceolate, acute, a line long, pale green,
membranous, unequal-sided, broadly rounded, shortly ciliated, and
imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base; leaves of
the upper plane One -half as long, ovate, cuspidate. Spikes short,
square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, sharply keeled.

Hab. Mountains of Abyssinia, Schimper 1444! Clarence Peak,
Fernando Po, alt. 8000 ft., Mann 667! Hither this or S. versicolor
is “Soom — Myosurus of Swartz, gathered by Afzelius
at Sierra Leo

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

Pruarra Casatu, Van Tieg.—— With reference to Mr. Grove’s
ga of Pilaira mis Van ane ee p- 132) I may say that

in November, 1880, I met with ¢ mould in abundance upon
Hayes Common, near ye ‘ ee Inn, but have not found it since.
It is probably a widely diffused form for which mycologists should
be on the look out. Mr. Grove fo ai Vuk Tieghem in separating
this species from Pilobolus, a course which has pica to recom-
mend it, but perhaps more to disapprove of. I got no zygospores,
inca any example of Mr. Grove’s second species. — SPENCE

OORE

New Surrey Pranrs, — The renlewiiia” species, additional to
those recorded in Top. Bot., ed. ii., have now been found in
urrey :—-Hypericum dubium Leers, Sanguisorba officinalis L., Pota-
mogeton nitens Weber, aa ‘by Mr. E. Straker (see Hooker's
‘Student’s Flora,’ ed. iii., 432), P. decipiens Nolte, Bl ae!
etn us Light£., Carex « ies: ” “T have also received the last
from the Rev. E. 8. Marshall; the exact form to which it alana is
not y ot deterntneth I have also confirmed the occurrence of Carex

CKINGHAMSHIRE SpHacnacem, — The following species and
varieties of Sphagnum occur near Little Brickhill on the Lower
Greensand range of hills. Duplicates have been critically exami amined
y Messrs. Boswell, Hobkirk, and West, and an illustrative set is
sent for the British Museum Herbarium -~—Sphagnum —

Ehrh., vars. deflecwm and lilacinum, S. shang soe on
rigidum Schpr., var. compactum, S. subsecundum

tortum and auriculatum, S. tenellum pee a eymirfaion Ehrh.,
vars. congestum and squarrosulum.—J. SAuN

MENTHA PUBESCENS var, PALUSTRIS IN WoRCESTERSHIRE. Saane
fine mint is growing upon the bank of Leigh Brook, in the pari
of Alfrick, where it was gathered by my friend Mr. Alfred Waller
and my self on August 27th. It forms considerable and ap ari
Calches. M., sativa and M. hirsuta growing near.—R. F. Townprow.

oS NANA IN N. Lancotn.—Mr. Searle, of Ashton-under-
e, has e specimens of the above plant gathered this year
at E Gltcthoxpes, N. Linco Inshire, ‘*about 150 yards from the shore ;
only a few plants were seen.”” There is no tee of this plant on
the east coast between Durham and W. Sussex, even 4. marin
not appearing as a Lincolnshire pl in he “End ed. of ‘ Tope:
graphical Botany.’—-Arraur Benn

ORRECTION. —— In n oticing the 4th edition of Henfrey’s
h

om the preface, for responsible, in ch it is stated
that the whole of the sections relating to the Cryptogamia were
rewritten b nnett. This statement was tten

inadvertently, and, as it stands, might be thought to be unjust to
Mr. George Mur ray. The whole of the proof-sheets relating to the
cryptogams were, in fact, revised, and to a large extent rewritten,
by Mr. Bennett; but those relating to the Fungi (which were
recast for the preceding edition by Mr. George Murray) were com-
“ngapbetd little altered or added to, so that in the main they remain

in the former edition. I regret that Mr. Murray’s engagements
did not permit him to accede to my request to revise this portion of
the work himself.—Maxwatt T. Masters.

np Prants.—Eryngium maritimum is recorded as doubtful

Bressa. The Rey. W. E. Smith has this ae sent it from Fitful
Head, in the southern part of the mainlan he same collector
sends also a very small-flowered form of Veronica officinalis ey rs
ing V. hirsuta ate (of which the specimens, figured in ‘
Bot. Suppl., ’ t, 2673, are in the herbarium of the British Mussel
but with broader leaves. Probably this is the plant referred to by
Edmonston in a ript account of the py of Shetland, pre-
served in the Nataral History Museum, in the following terms :-—
‘The true V. officinalis is not common in Shetland, while what I
think is an undescribed variety grows everywhere among loose or
stony soil. The plant differs from the true V. officinalis Ey several
remarkable points, viz., mee leaves are not serrated, and them
and the stem want the peculiar pubescence which the aa pos-
Sesses ; the leaves are sass, opposite, and rigid ; ee Eee the
capsule seems more distinetly winged.” —H. N. Rie

SHORT NOTES. 801

sl al

802 SHORT NOTES.

_ Saxrrraca Hircutus w Iretann.—The Rev. S. A. Brenan’s re-
discovery of this plant (p..278) in the old station where the late

r- Moore found it nearly fifty years since is of much interest.
Still more interesting, in this connection, is the fact that three
weeks previously, July 8th, a new station for S. Hirculus was dis- _
covered by Mr. R. L. Praeger, of Holywood. The locality is on
the elevated plateau behind Garron Point, Co. Antrim, some four-
teen miles east of the original station. Mr. Praeger describes the
plant as plentiful here, growing with Drosera anglica, Menyanthes,
and Narthecium. ese mountains of Antrim there are wide
expanses of moorlands not yet sufficiently examined by botanists.
—S. A. Srewarr.

This marsh-land is now the only portion worthy of the name in

acuta. In West Suffolk Carex stricta grew on the bank of one of the
fen-dykes between Lakenheath Village and the Station. Both the
above records are additions to Top. Bot.—G. C. Drucs.

__Bexs crnerga,—Mr. J. T. Powell records (p. 278) the
biting of the corolla of Erica cinerea by species of Bombus. The
humble-bees, however, are not the only insects which attack the
plant. Last year, near Killarney, I found a somewhat rare beetle,

done also by Bombi. I found no flowers of E. Tetralix thus attacked.
—H. N. Rivtey. ;

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 803
Hreractum Boreate In THE Tr1GN Vattey.—The Rev. W. Moyle
Rogers i is mistaken in stating, in his ‘‘ Flora of the Teign Valley”’
(Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 180), that Hieracium boreale or sabaudum
does not grow in the — I have gathered it on a hedge-bank
(right- hand side) about a mile out of Manaton Village towards
: : ly

grew for a few yards along the hedge (but in fair quantity), and
then stopped as suddenly as it began. 3 have seen it nowhere else
in the Dartmoor district.—F. B. Doveton.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Tue last number (issued in August) of the “Icones Plantarum’
contains, in addition to numerous new species, figures and de-
scriptions of Northea Hook. f., a new Seychellan genus of Faihitdbad
founded on Mimusops ? Horneana Harto og (Journ. Bot. 1879, ae
and commemorating Miss Marianne North, and Holubia Oliv. *
new ay of Pedalinee from South Africa.

w serial has made its gisceg: , edited by Prof. are
and eatitted * Annuario del R. Istituto Botanico di Rom The
et eciels (of 159 pp. 4to) ¢ eb the following vageal i

=
=
mR
ct
le’
i=
ee
+
a
&
oe
os
fas)
Ss
RN
oO
on)
+.©
i
—
fae)
i)
Oo
a)
OQ
o
®
—_—
Or
s,
=)
a

s torn
cristalli di ossaluto calcico’ (1 plate); M. Lanzi, ‘Fungi in ditione
Flore roman enumerati’ (1 plate) ; CF. Tamburlini, ‘ Prima con-
tribuzione alla Lichenografia romana’ (1 plate).

(8vo, pp. 79: Varese, Malnati).-T. B. Brisson, ‘ Catalogue des
Plantes Phanérogames du département de la Marne’ (8vo, pp.
Chalons).—G, y. Horrmann, ‘ Untersue etree iiber Spaltpilze in
mensehlichen te (8vo, pp. iv. 82: 2 plates: Berlin, oe
- G. Smirn, ‘Diseases of Field a “Garden rops’ (8vo,
vrai 853: 148 figs.: Macmillan & Co. gehen, RAY,

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
American Naturalist.—A. F. Foerste, ‘ Fertilization of Lophanthus
Nepetoides
Bot. Centralblate (Nos. 85-89).—F. Heyer, ‘ Beitriige zur Kennt-
et der Farne des Carbon = des Rothliegenden i im Saar-Rhein-—

804 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Bot. Jahrbiicher.—O. Drude, ‘ Ueber die verwandtschaftlichen
Beziehungen von Adoxa zu Chrysosplenium mund Panaa.’—A. Peter,
‘Uber spontane und kinstliche Gartenbastarde der _Gattung
Shean sect. Piloselloides.—O. Bickeler, ‘ Neue Cypera

oot eroenr Gazette (Aug.). -—- L. H. reer ‘Notes on ‘Cae
(C. Halliana, C. rigens, C. multicaulis, spp. nn.).—G. E. Davenport,
Memoir of John Williamgon (+ June 17, i884. wt. 45).

Botaniska Notiser (haft 4),— A. W. Arnell, ‘Anmakn ing
angaende Sorbus Aucuparia L. f. minor Arnell.’ ay, B. Wittecek,
On Erythrea.—8. Almquist, ‘Om Carex-sligtets phylogenesis.’

Bot. Zeitung (Sept. 12, 19).—L. Klein, ‘ Vergleichende Unter-
suchungen tiber Or, ganbildung und Wachsthum am Vegetations-
punkt dorgvenaar Farne’ (1 plate).

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club.—N. L. Britton, ‘ Cyperacee collected by
8. B. Buckley in Texas and Mexico’ i yperus Buckleyi, C. owycart-
oides, oo (sic) Tewana, spp. nn.).—H. H. Rusby, ‘ Michaux’s
New Jersey Garden.’—J. Schr an ‘Germination of Pardanthus
chinensis’ (fig.).
” i sloloek (Sept.). —C. Warnstorf, ‘Sphagnologische Riickblicke’
Gardeners’ Chronicle (Aug. 80). —(Calanthe Curtisii Rehb. f., n. sp-
—W. G. Smith, ‘ Disease of Primulas (Urocystis primulicola) ’ (Gee.
52, a — (Sept. 6). Root fusion in og Pinaster (fig. 58). —W.
G. Smith, Aeidium Berberidis (fig. 60). ae 13). Bravoa
Bulliana Baker, n. sp.—Aci phylla squamosa (fig. 61). —(Sept.’ 20).
beh Halt (8 amma Lathees Moore, n. hybr. ics Fergusoni Moore.
Meehan, ‘ Fertility of Hybrids. *__Memoir of George Bentham.
—(Sept. ee Oncidium aurarium Rehb. f., Calanthe dipteryx Rehb.
f. nn.—W. G. Smith, ‘ Fungus on ensilage.’
. C. Cooke, ‘Fungi of Perak.’ —Id., ‘ Synopsis
cman ae ld. & W. H. Harkness, ‘ Californian Fungi.
Knowledge (Sept. 5).— Grant Allen, ‘ Sunflowers.’
Midland Naturalist—W. B. Grove, ‘ On the Pilobolide.—J. E.
Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’ (Lemnacee—Orchidee a).
Naturalist. —G. CG. Druce, ‘A new variety of Cow-wheat’
(Metanepren pratense, var, hians).

CEsterr. Bot. Zeitschrift, — A. Hausgirg, ‘ Siisswasseralgen ”
(1 plate). —L. Celakovsky, ‘ Vovet Stipa Tirsa.’ — JY. y. Borbas,
‘ Samenreifende Pabidg res > __ fj, Formanek,‘ Flora daz Beski-

den’ (cont.).—J. A. Biumler, : skoda aus Pressburg.’—
P. G. Strobl, ‘Flora des Etna,’

z have only space to record the death of Mr. Bentham,

W.
fall took place on September aoe We hope shortly to give &

ull memoir of this eminent botanist

305

NOTES ON THE STRUCTURE, THE OCCURRENCE IN
LANCASHIRE, AND THE SOURCE OF ORIGIN, OF
NAIAS GRAMINEA Deum, var. DELILEI Maenvs.

By Cuartes Bamey, F.L.S.
(Puates 249—252.)

Page Page
I. Introduction . B05; XU. The Pollen <... 1.5 Bae
II, The Genus, and its divisions 306| XIII. Fertilization. . . . . 321
Tit. Synonymy of the Plant. . 306| XIV. The Fruit. . . se
oer es Bie os 2 es ae XV. The Roots. 324
- The Leaves. . . . . . 309|/ XVI. The Lancashire Loc cality . 325
VI. The Leaf-spines . . . . 310| XVII. Geographical Distribution 327
VII. The Leaf-sheath . . . . 312| XVIII. Its on source of
GE

27
IX, nflorescence . aL. XIX AHi holog’ ical peculiarity 329
X. a Pistilliferous Flower . 317 XX. tema of the
XI. The Antheriferous Flower . 319 331
I,—Intropuction,
Naias graminea Del., Plate 249, fig. 1, and Chara ee Gmel.
were first reported as occurring in a natural state in England at

the Meeting of the British Association at Southport in Seren om
188 Their addition to the flora of South Lancashire on
i t

fi
exploration of the Ashton-under-Lyne district in acqui the
necessary material for the compilation of a fi and flor

by Mr. J. R. Byrom, of Ashton, is printed on pp. 541-548 of the
‘ Bevo of the Fifty-third Meeting of the British Association.’
Few portions = Great Britain are so well re botanically,

systematic Stuen tiation of so w orked a district as Ashton has
brought to light many novelties, bouton two, if not three, plants
not previously known to be Britis se who know what a

head and Byrom, it was finally determined by Mr. H. N. Ridley, of

the British’ Museum , to be Naias graminea Del. or Caulinia

nensis Pollini. Subsequently Dr. Magnus, of Berlin, has given it
Journat or Borany.—Vou. 22. [Ocrozer, 1884.] x

306 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

the varietal name of Delilei, on account of a structural peculiarity
which will appear further on.

I].—Tue Genus anv rts Divisions.

The genus gives its name to the natural order Naiadacee, which
is allied to the Potamogetonacee, but systematists are by no means
agreed as to the respective limits of either family. Willdenow
separated the group to which N. graminea belongs from Naias

ups of Naias and Caulinia
into Naias Linn. There is no doubt, however, that each of these

again and again to this memoir, and I cannot speak too highly of
the help derived from it. ps Big
Dr. Magnus gives the following diagnoses of the two subdivisions

of the genus, viz.: :
‘* § Eunasas Asch.—Spine-teeth chiefly on the stem and backs

cellular spaces by two to three layers of parenchyma-cells. Leaf
furnished with a small-celled epiderm, which rises very sharply
f.

backs of leaves. Flowers in most species moneecious (? im alt).

of cellular tissue. Conducting bundles of the stem divided from
the intercellular spaces by a layer of parenchyma-cells; leaf without
the small-celled epiderm.”_« Beitrage,’ pp. 55, 56.

The plant which forms the subject of this notice belongs to the
Section Caulinia, and its synonymy and principal book-references
are the following :—

T1].—Synonymy or tHe Puant.

Najas graminea Delile, Flore de l’Egypte. Mémoire sur les plantes
qui croissent spontanément en Egypte; par Alire Raffeneau
Delile, p. 1. Flore Aigyptiace illustratio No. 874, p- 75.
Explication des planches, p. 282, pl. 50, fig. 8. _

Chamisso, Aquatice quedam diverse affinitatis. Linnea, vol.
iv., 1829, pp. 502-3.

Se ee ee eee
* ‘Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Berlin, 1798, classe de
Philosophie Expérimentale,’ page 87.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR, DELILEI MAGNUS. 807

unth, Enumeratio Plantarum, &c., “ge iii., p. 115.
Boissier, Flora Orientalis, vo

Compendio ao Flora alana Paplats per cura dei re

. Cesati, G. Passerini, e G. Gibe ig Be
Najas Een Palka Hort. of provine. Veron. pl. nov vel n.
cogn., p. 26. Flora Veronensis quam in prodromum Flor re
Italise septentrionalis exhibit Cyrus Pollinius; Tom. iii.,

1824

4
L. Rcichenbask. Flora Germanica Excursoria, No. 920, p. 151.
Chamisso, Aquatic quedam diverse affinitatis in Linnea,
vol. iv., p. 502 (1829).
‘Antonii Bertolonii i, M.D., Flora Italica sistens plantas in Italia
et in Pra circumstantibus sponte nascentes. Tomo x.,

fas
Naias serrata Nove. et Balb., Ic. Fl. Ticin., Tab. 15 ex specim.

deline
Naias tenuifolia ee ., Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze
R.

naturali, Pp. pe s 268.
Najas _ bees Del Delilei Magnus, Berichte der deutschen
bo ght Geselschal Band i., Heft 10, Jahr. 1883,
2 & 5

Caulinia Gea Pelli, eo, Veron.,
iar. Brugnatelli Giorn. an 1816, Ti , p» 175.
Bluff et Fingerhuth, Oaeigeniacatis ions’ Germaniz, Sectio i.,

ed. alt. ii., p. 585.
s . di Filippo edeerntd vol. iii., pp. 665, 666.

ora Italiana
Caulinia intermedia Balb., Elench. recentium stirpium, quas Pede-
n Mem. della R.

Accad. di Tor. Ann. ; p. 105.
a8 et Nocea, Hor Pees Tom. ii., p. 168, tab. 15.
Nocea, Clav., ii.,
Sulinia . microphylla ees. et Balb., Flor. Ticin., Tom. ii., p. 1638,
tab. 16.

nse Pollini was certainly

published in oa, whilst the Memoir of "Delile, aoe aee

Naias
The "It talian stasit is not the same as Robert Brown’s
tenuifolia, Prodr PL. Nov. Holland., p. 545, published in 1810, on
account of Pad entirely different structure of the male flower ins
Plate 251 g. 15); — the name would have taken prece

dence a: Doltar s and Delile’s

808 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

. J. Maximowiez may stand for the Lancashire pl nt :—* Mollis
elongata, foliis verticillatis patentibus rectis argute spinoso-serru-
latis, apice 2-8 cuspidatis, dentibus incurvis 1-cellulosis minutis ;
stipulis distinctimus lanceolatis foliaceis folii ad instar serrulatis ;
fructu lineari-oblongo, granulato. Nippon, in fossis circa Yoko-
hamam semel inveni fructiferam.” *

IV.—Tue Srem.

vertical sections of the upper internodes are not quite so circular as
those of the lower internodes.

N)
ay

Qa

the shaft consists of a smal] channel, surrounded by two or three
layers of elongate cells somewhat closely aggregated ; surrounding

growths from the tissue which forms the circumference of the
internode, and arranged like the spokes of a wheel. See fig. 42.

* Diagnoses breves plantarum novarum Japonie et Mandschuria ; in Bulletin
de l’Acad. Imp. des Sciences de St. Petersburgh. Vol. ii., pp. 71, 72. 1867.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 809

_ The rays enclose an equal number of large intercellular cavities,
each cavity being bounded by the central = per. a al paren-
chyma at either end. The cavities occur in every internode,

not always as regular as they are drawn in fig. they

cecasonally branch at each end so as to enclose a cate inter-
ellu

The circumferential tissue of each internode consists of three

or four rows of elongate cells havin ving a hexagonal outline, with

sinuous edges. The are all uniform in re ve pest

* oy) The

in

external edge of the outer row of cells is slightly thickened, but I
cannot hie any epidermal cells.

osthumous work of Prof. Sere pena Be ge

aquatic, The Naide are not yet figu iby Ragtanbuth in his
Icones Flore Germanice et Talveusesy” i.

V.—Tue Leaves.
ae leaves grow in tufts at the side of each inter-
and they are rather more lateral than they are
represenied in Delile’s figure, reproduced two-thirds the
original size in Plate 250, fig. 8. In the living state,
as seen in the water from above, they have a light
olive-green mys casa oes bor that of the bright
ied state they

2 gee
S
We
tole
_
io)
wpleo
_
=]
: os
=
=
et
8

oH
bo
—
[ae
| af
~
8
CF
FS
Qu

Fic. 43.

™~

810 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

the stem and half-clasping it (figs. 52 to 55). The
extremity of the leaf is gradually attenuated, and ends
\ in from one to three spines (fig. 48) ; the extremities
{ are frequently truncate, so that the spines give it a
cuspidate character (fig. 44).

he margins of the sides, sheath, and free ex-

The spines are acuminate, slightly curved, and gradually
' narrowed from the base to the sharp point.
A

f VI.—Tue Lear-spines.
he form of the spine, or tooth, on the margin 0
the leaf furnishes good discriminating characters be-

tween the va
Fig. 44. po:

Fig. 46, Fie. 47.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 311

of tooth from the characteristic tooth of N. flewilis. Cesati gives
figures of the dentition of these two species in Plate II. of ‘Linnea,’
vol. xxxvi.; but he makes that of N. alaganensis much nearer to that
of N, flexilis than I find it to be in the Manchester plant.

A third type of spine is furnished by Naias minor
All. (Caulinia fragilis W.). This shows an advane
upon the basal arrangement of the spines of N. /lewilis

d N. graminea, in being formed of more than three

Upon comparing these figures (which I have care-
fully made from typical specimens) with those given by
Braun on p. 275, vol. ii. of this Journal, it will
that my drawings present considerable variation from

ly in N. flewilis. It is possible that
Braun’s figures were meant to be diagramatic, and
representative of groups rather than of species; for
convenience of reference I have reproduced them in
Plate 251, figs. 6 to 8

The other end of the series of types of spines is represented
by the tooth of N. major, where there is not only a multicellular
base, but the spine itself is compound; one terminal dark brown
cell resting upon several elongate dark brown cells, the whole

orming ery conspicuous tooth
standing well out from the plane of

late Dr. Wirtgen’s specimens from
the mouth of the Moselle, near
Coblentz.

have been drawn from spines on the
edge of the middle portion of the leaf.
Their shape is constant on the sides
of the lamina, but they become longer
on the sheath, and at the apex of the
leaf.

312 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

VIL.-—Tue Lear-sHEata.
The leaf-sheath is another impor sn distiio mene
: , portant character in distinguishin
a species of Naiade, the extent of the dilatation, and ‘he fe at
6 ue when present, furnishing useful marks of discrimination.
e€

Fie. 53.

types given by
Braun in the ‘Journal

tenuifolia.
In the English Natas
graminea the base of the
mina of the outermost

or less ample sheath (see
fig. 52); the size of the
sheath presents con-

cording to the age and
the position of the leaf
to which it belongs (see
figs. 52 to 55). Isee no

such as are foun
Naias major and in theal-

in situ ; one of the scales
is drawn separately m
fig. 80 on the same
plate.

The auricles in their
turn v i and
size, but I have not met

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 918

with them so regularly oval nor so acute as they are represented in
Braun’s figure (fig. 14, Plate 251); on the contrary, I never find them
acute, and, though somewhat parallel-sided, they gradually taper

om their base to their elongate truncate apex (see figs. 52 and 54).
More often than not the auricle is larger on one side than the other, as
in figs. 54 and 55. The auricles are confined principally to the first

a

an
Fia, 54.

pair of leaves of each fascicle, and the sheaths of the pair embrace the
leaf; most often these are the only leaves in the fascicle which

sinus with the lamina (fig. 55); but as we approach the centre of

j }
} | destitute of auricles, and
pass into short lanceolate
bracts, in the midst of
which we find the flowers.

In Scotch specimens

sheath is of another type;
the base of the limb widens
outintoasheath more than

limb, and at an angle of

'- about 45°; but there is no
ap an auricle on
either side. The shoulders
of the sheath are crowded
with teeth, but they are
infrequent on the sides.
56 and 57, and

814 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

compare them with the slightly different figure of Braun on Plate
251, fig. 10.

For drawings of the leaf-sheaths of Naias minor and N. major see
Plate 251, figs. 9 & 29, and compare the former with Braun’s figure,
Plate 251, fig. 11.

y

i Sf 4
Oa 1G
My oe SxeN

SS Ca se

>
2

pet

In N. flewilis (fig. 59) the cells are more loosely aggregated also,
but the line of — cells, though not so well-defined as in the
amina, 1s more clearly ag. it is in N. graminea.
cells of the sheath, as WOR ca the, a d i
N. flexilis are larger and longer than they are in N. graminea ; bu
the two species may be distinguished by the length of the imbedded
portion of the spine, which in N. flexilis is less, and in N. graminea
is more, than one-third of its free length. The leaf-cells of NV. flewilis
generally are larger than those of NV. graminea (compare figs. 45 and
46 with figs. 47 to 49, and fig. 58 with fig. 59, all of which are
drawn to the same scale),

VITI.—Lear-structTuRE.

The anatomy of the leaves of N. gramineais simple. The margins
of the lamina to the extent of one-third the breadth are composed of
two layers of cells (see figs. 68 and 65), which in the Reddish
specimens do not present that contrast in the size of the of

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 815

the superior and brag layers which Dr. Magnus mentions on
p- 51 of his ‘ Beitr No doubt the cells of the convex side of the
lamina are slightly the smaller, but the pare is not so marked

they are represented in Plate 252, Maced 1 to 33, which are
copied from the figures given by Dr.

There are a on ta on the leaves,
and no epidermis; but the surface-cells in
all parts of the plant have intermixed with
them reddish pink pigment-cells, whic
become brown with age. They are probably
resinous, as they are the last to decay ;
similar cells occur in other species of

tas.
The central portion of the leaf is
much thicker than the sides, because at

central bun 2 fed small-sized cells, sur-
rounded by a layer of six or eight larger-
sized cells. on oihor side of this central
tissue are two intercellular cavities, which
Fia. 63, greatly exceed i . sae the cells which bound
is anne ive figs. 60 to 65).
a een ee pp. 51 and 52, Mag-
ecg | nus Aceesyek Naias graminea as possessing
Ne, bast-cells in certain fixed positions in the
leaf, namely, close to the margin, and im-.
— tely above and below the central
bundle on the upper and lo eacahites of the leaf (see figs. 81 to 88
on Plate 252). These haat. poeils I cannot discover, after Rati iey
search, in any portion of the Reddish plants; but as
Magnus se (p. 52) that nig specimens soothnchedl
by Ehrenberg, and Cairo ns collected by
Schweinfurth, are have diss hae ‘elle wanting, it is
clear that the Reddish plant corresponds in this par
ticular with the plants from Lower Egypt.
On the other hand, the plant from the Italian se
tions possesses bast-cells. I found them clearly marked
in specimens in my herbarium collected by Signor
Malinverni, ‘‘In stagnis fossis et oryzetis circa Quinto
Vercellensis ditionis pago ewstate 1875”; the accom-
panying figure a been drawn gale the leaf of one of
wos plants (fig. 66).
The line of ‘ibriform cells is _ central one of the
three series which I have drawn; it is most clearly
apparent when viewed as a transparent object, from the
circumstance that its cells do not contain chlorophyll,
and hence it is visible as a —— colourless line
in the midst of green tissu

An isolated bast-cell is ‘ave in fig. 84 on Plate 252,
and their position in the leaf is shown in figs. 81 to 83

Fra. 65.

WHEL:
SES CTI ig oo
“ ae / Je:

ye,
fe

ELH ke
ee BEE Sh ae A x
.** one . r:

EL:
al a

re

QT

816 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

occur only on those shoots where the internodes are suppressed.
This was not the structure in_the Lancashire

WAF = found side by side (see figs. 67 and 68) in the
of

also found in all stages of development, quite young
ones lying side-by-side with those more developed.
te e great majority of the plants produced fully-
Fig. 67. developed flowers, both male and female, the latter
: eing much the more numerous. The species 18
monecious ; even in those instances in which I found only female
flowers on the individual plant, I could not be sure that male
flowers had not been produced, or would not have been produced later _
on. It was not usual, though by no means infrequent, to find both

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL, VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 817

we in the same fascicle, at equal stages of development (figs. 67

d 68), and mature and immature flowers enclosed by the same
brae (see figs. 81 and 86).

The flowers begin to occur
cpa within eg axil of

e first pair of leaves in each
daca, oe there is denned
an outlying pair of leaves below
the fascicle which does not con-
tain fi

the

touch. T male fowie are
rarely solitary, but occur in Lites
threes, or fours; in the earlier
stages of devalopeliegs pie are
sometimes more numerous. The
male flowers are more often soli-
tary. In the centre of the fascicle
are the youngest flowers (see figs.
68 and 69).

In appearance the flowerslook
as if they were ordinary anthers
and pistils, 7.¢. eg they possess
no perianth ; r. Magnus
has shown that ‘thik outermost
covering is really a perianth
which more or ‘Tees closely invests
the anthers and pistils. In fig.

natural reflexion of the perianth-
leaves i in the male flower of N.

ll the flowers are sessile,
and I have endeavoured to con-
vey, in the accompanying figures,
accurate representations of reach.

X.—Tue PistinLireRovus Fupwan.

soe female flower consists of
ongate flask-shaped body,
with a long neck which bifurcates Fa ita free end (figs. 68 and 70),
like the bifid stigma of a Carex, such as C, ovalis. The outer
covering is the perianal: the body which it encloses is the pistil.

Fie. 69.

318 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

In its early stage the lower, or flask-shaped,
ortion consists of a globose or ovate body,
ounte

g. 67)
divides about half-way up into two divisions, like”

n (see fig. 70).
fig. 88)—which can

Fic. 70. portion which covers the long neck of the flask-

shaped
cells ; but the cells which occur on the margin
divisions of the free ends are only one-third the length of the
central cells, and their outer ends are somewhat enlarged so as to
make the edge of the stigmatoid divisions minutely papillate, as if
to afford better attachment for the
grains of pollen (fig. 72). The cells

a) e
broader than any of those in other
parts of the investing membrane, and
they are also more loosely aggregated
at that point.

A central canal runs throughout
the narrow portion which simulates
the style, and at the point where it
reaches the chamber which contaims

ule it becomes slightly con-
g. 71);

\ aN

Fic.71. Fic. 72. Fig. 73, below the constriction it widens out
; into a cupola-shaped cavity, whose
Upper portion or roof is lined with a few unicellular hairs (figs.
= and 73). Below this cavity is the ovule. The accompanying
rawings (figs. 67 to 78) illustrate the female flower in some of its
stages of development. ;
: ° portion of the pistilliferous flower bears any spines similar
0 those which oceur on the bracts and leaves; such spines are
Present in some of the species of Naias.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS, 819

XI.—Tuae Anruerirerovus FLower.

The male flowers are not so numerous as the female flowers,
and they grow intermixed with them. Although I have frequently
found plants of Naias graminea in which none but pistilliferous
~plat could be detected at the period of exam siteseed such ten-

owers Pers present. When the latter occurred on a plant
_ pistilliferous flowers were invariably Pepe and oftener than not
side by side with them (see figs. 67 and 6
y observations of the anther do ot quite coincide with the
descriptions and figure given by Dr. Magnus; I have somelas tly
a larger number of illustrative drawings of thes Sa gy
The drawing of Dr. Magnus is reproduced on Plate 252 in

they are oval-shaped bodies borne upon
very short stalk (see figs. 74 and 76). So much do they
resemble t er of an ordinary flowering-plant that

perianth. The perianth closely invests the anther
throughout all its stages of growth, and, from all that
I have seen, it keeps pace uniformly ‘with the growth of
the membrane of the anther.
The anthers of this genus, according to Dr. Magnus,
are axis-growths which, when ripening, are pushed
through the perianth, rupturing that membrane some-
what irregularly, and they finally dehisce at their apex.
That the anthers of the Reddish Longe dehisce at the
apex there is no doubt, but I have seen no trace of the

the flower and of the anther (fig. 76). The anther then
becomes more elongate by its upward growth ; a slig ht

2ro es its appearal
with the principal dissepiment of the anther (fig. 68); the upright
a > the keels lose their prominence, and the separate pollen-
8 are not so distinguishable (fig. 77). Finally, the mature
Gtiadriloculas anther is an ovoid a OS body having two narrow
€s Covering the summit, and descending about half-way down
¢

antheriferous flower of N. minor in Plate 251, fig. 17; a transverse
section of N. major in fig. 18; a vertical section of N. major in

820 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

fig. 23; a vertical section of N. minor in = 27;
and a vertical section of N. major. in fig. 2

h rane which invests the ee is
formed of close-ranked, elongate, translucent

position of this rosy membrane over the lemon-
coloured pollen of the anther gives the flower a
tawny-orange appearance, bint readily attracts
notice, even aereboiit the aid of alens. The cells
which compose the ridges in the upper half of
the flower are larger and broader than those of
the rest of the membrane.
obert Brown’s N. tenuifolia has considerable
affinity with the Manchester plant, but, inde-
pendent of other differences, the anther is very
issimilar on account of its external tunic terml-

instead of its emerging through the summit of
the beak of the 4 —— it is thrust through a
rupture in the

In 7 7 eee ihe external Mit aictne closely
invests the inner membrane, but it is not pro-

on ‘ais portion of the male flower

XII.—Tue Potzen.

b The pollen of me various species of Naias does not seem to
ave been much noticed by observers. Magnus does not allude to

the works of later authors, one of the most recent being given in
the ‘ Genera plantarum’ of Bentham and Hooker, vol. iii p. 1018,
viz., *‘ pollen g globosum.” In the ‘ Compendio della Fork ‘tatiana’
of Cesati, Passerini, and Gibelli, part 1, p. 204, tab. XXVil., ote
the pollen of N. major is elliptico-cylindrical like a grain in of ri

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL, VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 821

This divergence of form in the pollen-grain of Naias major
suggests at first sight inaccuracy of observation, but I have found
both globose and elongate pollen in the anthers of the Lancashire
Naias graminea. The globular form is represented in fig. 79, an
the elliptical form is given in fig. 80, both drawn to the same scale.

elliptical form, and that the latter represents the mature pollen, or
whether there is a dimorphism in the pollen-grain, I cannot
pronounce ; I can only certify to the occurrence of both forms in
Plants from the same station, and that the globose form is much
the rarer of the two.

_ In its fresh state the pollen-grain is of a pale yellow colour, and
its contents are granular. It must be produced in great abundance,

permanent microscopic examination.

XI1.—Ferrimization,

Water, as there is rovision for ngation of the peduncle to
raise the pistilliferous flowers up to the surface of th as i
P izti, Valisneria, Anacharis, and other aquatic plants.

interest, as they suggest that pollination is effected in two ways.
In the station in which the Naias occurs near Manchester the very
slight natural flow of the water in the canal towards the locks is
quite sufficient for the transport of the pollen, and, though I have
not purposely taken some of the canal water to see if it contained

Journat or Borany.—Vou. 22. [Novemper, 1884.] Y

B22 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILE! MAGNUS.

free pollen, my home observations leave me no doubt that pollen is
carried to the pistilliferous flowers by the current ; in such case the
plant would be hydrophilous. While, however, examining portions

living plant on which were ripe anthers, I noticed a colony of
Vorticellide attached to one of the fascicles of leaves; the grace
and activity of its movements led me to watch it for a considerable

by its marginal cilia. The alternate contraction and elongation of

the elastic and thread-like pedicles of the colony kept the pollen-
grains im constant motion, which left me no doubt that at times the
grains would be directly borne to the stigmatoid appendages of the
pistilliferous flowers.

to find distinctive protozophilous plants, dependent for their ferti-
lisation upon animal life in the aqueous world, in much the same

way as we find entomophilous plants in the aérial world.
t is a very happy circumstance that Sir Joseph Hooker should
have indicated the forms of pollination which prevail in many
known. Sprengel, Darwin, Muller,

XIV.—Tuse Fruit.
to the time of the fer-

and becomes a mature fruit,
covered with a testa formed 3
thick-walled cells (figs. 810
838). a

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 323

The fruit is sculptured with a network of raised ridges
which thus produce depressions in the shell; this sculpture
seems to have its seat in one of the caus membranes of the
shell, since it cannot always be distinguished through the most
external layer. As far as I have been able to make it out,
it is somewhat after the character of the accompanying fig. 84;
but this must be looked upon as a diagramatic interpretation
of what is supposed to be seen, rather than an actual repre-

ihtation of fact. In the same way I have drawn the testa of
Naias flewilis in fig. 85 from a single mature fruit in one of Dr.
m more sure of c

ae din 1* th uits h
Italian N. alaganensis are granulose-punctate, we fairly well
describes the € appearance of the outer covering of the Manchester

ant; but Cesati’s figure in ‘Linnea,’ l. ¢., Table ii., fig. 2d,

€ explanation of this difference in the form of sculpturing is
probably due to the fact that the external membrane more or less

observers according as the transparency of the outer layer admits
of it. For the further elucidation of this point I have reproduced
the figures of Dr. Magnus in Plate 252, where figs. 40 an show

arrangment of the coats of the fruit of N. graminea from Cairo,
and figs. 87 to 89 those of N. _ is.

; i
hundred plants which I have examined I have not seen a dine
jmstance where the beak of the fruit was other than bifid, uwiless
it had broken off altogether, as ee. in et 81

i shonin pea

: den A ‘ c “tsa mo xxxii., 1863, pages 259 and 260).

824 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.
and in the middle fruit of figure 86. This division of the beak into

two branches is a constant character, and very clearly distinguishes
it from the four-rayed beak of Naias flewilis (fig. 87).

\
\.

Fig. 86. Fia, 87.

One other point of differentiation between Naias graminea and
N. flewilis rests in the shape of the fruit. In the former the ends
are more abruptly narrowed into the base and the beak than they
are in the latter, poo gradually narrowing ends; compare
figs. 86 and 87. Cesati’s figures in ‘Linnea’ xxxii., Plate 2,

confirm this conclusion
The perianth easily separates from the fruit;

is represented in fig. 88. The portion which cov te
the body of the fruit consists of a single layer of cells.

XV.—Tue Roors.

The roots are of great length, creeping in the soft
black mud of the bed of the canal; they are given
off = the nodes in verticils. Bhs are capillary,

rig: ben

aterm structure they bear some resemblance
to the stems. There is a central channel surrounded

to form a .
central cells ; from this row of cells numerous short branches are
given off which enclose intra-cellular cavities, similar to those

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 825
in the stem, but much smaller and more circular (see fig. 89).

on cavities are regularly arranged in one series ro
€ central mass, as in the stem, but there are occasionally

these cells, but on the outermost
side, are a few cells filled with a
rich tawny brown

W.

a: ae colour of the pigment

hn addition to the roots proper

presented in Plate Th
Fie. 89. are generally given off singly from
th, between the first pair of leaves of
€ fascicle ; rarbea e. two proceed from the same node, but in

such case the econd root enereee on the opposite side of the node.

the lower eat gae of bg stem the adventitious roots become

more numerous from each node, and they begin to acquire the

sae colour of the roots ie gle “They attain a length of from
Inch to six inches or more, and they have a similar

intemal Geeaitiers to that of the roots proper; the peripheral cells,

owever, do not possess the angular character nor the tawny colour

8 either in shape or in colour, the rich pigment of the corre-
‘ponding layer in the root being absent.

XVI.—Tae Lancasume Locauiry,
The occurrence of a Naias in Lancashire was so unexpected a
circumstance that I was pleased, through Mr. Whitehead’

the Naias grew in an area of about a quarter of a mi
im Some portions of this space it was the sesaag’ pant wholly
. with 7, ne canal-bed, while in other portions it was ixed

wah P ogeton rufescens, P. obtusifolius, P. crispus, P. pusillus,

326 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

Naias was not aboriginal. All the other plants were of the
prevailing canal character, the non-native Anacharis being as much
at home as any of them. ae

e temperature of the canal water is, however, artificially
raised by the discharge of hot water from boilers and condensing
tanks attached to the cotton-mills and other works, which are
erected on the banks of the canal. In the declining evening of

passing barges. Another interesting plant grows with the Chara,
whose identity is by no means settled, and it may prove worthy o
@ more detailed notice viz., a species of Zannichellia.

of the canal, with Chara Braunii and Potamogeton pusillus ; it
occurs in places where the water scarcely covers it. It would

The Zannichellia grows in the soft mud in the shallower pam
L so

the fruits which are produced in mud are of a very pale yellow-
green, on account of their imperfect exposure to the light. From —
the dwarf, creeping, habit of the plant it seems to have an affinity —
with the form of 4. palustris, named 4. repens Benningh. The —

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 327

° . palus s thi
character, both in the diagnosis and in Reichenbach’s plate.* In
the spring and early summer it has large reserve-buds, of the size

e of its peculiarities is, that it has four or five rows of spines
or protuberances on the dorsal and ventral edges of many of its
carpels, and much more prominent than they are in 7. pedunculata,
4. gibberosa, and Z. polycarpa.

Delile reports + finding Zannichellia palustris in a lake near to

to keep an eye upon the possible occurrence of the rare Naias
muricata, figured and described by Delile; so far it has only been
recorded for Egypt and Arabia.

The locality which produces such an extra-anglican species as
Naias graminea voust be worth exploring for the animal life which
18 fostered by the same high temperature which has sustained the
Chara and the Naias.

XVIJ.—GerocrapuicaL Distrisution.

Fauna and Flora, p. 416), and Persia, in the ian Archipelago
and other warm regions of Asia, and probably in Japan. s
hot occur in + as a colonist, it having been introduced
(according to the Italian botanists) with East Indian rice, i

districts Where that cereal is ¢ ted, a the plains of
Lombardy and Venice ; the Italian localities are given in Cesati’s
‘Compendio della Flora Italiana,’ as Alagna ra, Balzola

8 not native in any of its European stations, and it is an
i It becomes, therefore, an interesting

question to account for its appearance in a country which does not
stow the rice which it consumes.

XVIIJ.—Irs propane Source or ORIGIN.

When this plant was exhibited at the British Association at
Southport, in September last year, I expressed the opinion in the

* Icones Flore Germanice, é&c., vol. vii., fig. 20, pl. xvi.
t ‘Flore de l’Egypte,’ vol. ii., p. 281; and also on page 75 under No. 872,

328 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

soil, but they would not germinate there.

by the carding-engines. The refuse is turned out of the mill into
the yard, whence the wind and other agencies transport the fruits
into the tepid-water of the canal; here they meet with a suitable
nidus for germination and growth, and the result is the appearance
of an alien in our flora,
these surmises have any substratum of truth, the Naias may
ur in any mill-pond connected with works where Egyptian
cotton is used, and where the water is raised to a permanently high
temperature by the condensation of steam from the boiler.

canals of that neighbourhood may be expected to contain Naias
yp

el., Chara Braunii Gmel., &e.
gyptian origin of the plant is to some extent confirmed

* ‘Mémoire sur les plantes qui croissent spontanément en Egypte,’ vol. ii,
pp. 16, 17,

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 829

_ Chara Braunii axe so often pec together as to give a strong
colour to the surmise of their common origin. There is nothing in
the recorded distribution of Chara Braunii to forbid its being
ultimately shown to be aboriginal, but until it is recorded from
other British stations, with fewer doubtful surroundings than it
ne. in the Manchester station, it can only be looked upon as a
coloni

XIX. —A Hisrontoeican Pecunsariry.

A still stronger proof of its Egyptian extraction is furnished
from the histological s ide. This part of the case has been dealt
with by Dr. gee in a paper r a to the German Botanical
Association at Berlin, December 11th, 1883, and 1 make no
apology for reproducing here the substance of this interesting
communication. In describing the structure of Naias graminea on
page 138, I mentioned that there were two forms of the plant; one,

‘Other, destitute of these bast-cells. This latter form Dr. Magnus
names the yar. Delilei, and he states that the English specimens
belong to this variety, and Smagpetied are ther EH
Source. The f following are some s from the paper of
Dr. Magnus, published in the T patichn dor deutsch. Botanischen
Gescllcohal, : y ahrg. 1888, Bandi., Heft 10 :—

“T have examined the specimens of Na ae graminea collected by
Delile in eves rice-fields near Rosetta, as also those obtained by
Schweinfurth near Benha-el- pis in the Nile Delta, ad bave a
the é without bast-ne They are also wa nting in
eo collected sf Gaillardet, : near Saida in Syria, which hs
been indly communicated to me by M. Boissier. I was er
enable, through the kind communication of Professor Ascherson,
to examine specimens of Najas graminea Del., collected by him

Grea
ce From this it would appent that ti Najas graminea

Schweinfurth near Chargeh, have all well-developed aia
similar to the plants of Cordofan, Djur, Algeria, Colebes, &
“The absence of these bast-nerves in a variety of. ‘Négas
graminea ig ae more cotiat A as through the eee artiah of the
al of N. tenuifolia R. Br. [see fig. 15, Plate 251], from
Australia, wal a differs so materially, i precisely the same bast-
nerves in exactly the same shaped libriform cells on the leaves ;
Consequently these bast-nerves represent the distinetive character
of a group of allied species, but still subject to variations. . ...
“I have mentioned above that the one set of specimens from
-Dachl and Chargeh had leaves without bast-nerves, and

330 ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

that another set had them; that is, that the one set belong to the
var. Delilei, while the other agrees with the form which appears in
Cordofan, Djur, Algiers, &c. This would appear to be a clear
proof that the oases of the Libyan Desert have received their flora
from Egypt as well as from Central Africa. This agrees with the
results of the investigations which Ascherson furnished to the
‘ Botanische Zeitung ’ for 1874, pages 641 to 644.

ese explanations would, however, seem to be somewhat
contradictory, seeing that the English specimens are remarkable
for their great length of leaf, whereas the leaves of N. graminea
from Cairo and Damietta are very short. But a minute examina-
tion of form teaches us that we must not attach much importance

dener, in his exhaustive work, ‘The Mechanical Principle in the
Anatomical Construction of Monocotyledons,’ Leipzig, 1874, page
122, remarking that Potamogeton fluitans in its customary habitat
of running water has a developed system of bark-bundles, whereas
the var. 8 stagnalis Koch is completely deprived of same.

“The var. Delilei, found in the stagnant waters of the
ov erflowed Nile, is a most persistent and constant one, as during &

gl & =
constancy and total independence of habitats, whilst its formation
has probably been caused by the same.”

It now only remains to me to tender my acknowledgments to
Mr. Ridley, Mr. Arthur Bennett, Dr. Magnus, Professor Ascherson,
Mr. Beeby, and to the Editor of this Journal, for help rendered.
The delay which has occurred in completing this paper has been
— it has had to take its turn in the intervals of a busy
ife.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS. 331

XX.—EXpPLANATION OF THE Ficurss

Puate 249.
Fig. 1. The — portion of a branch of N. graminea, from Reddish; nat.
siz

2. Two of the leaves from same, drawn — broader than the natural

hg the sheaths and sheiacs flattened o
fs Prats 250.
3. cy ad portion of a branch of N. graminea from Lower Egypt. Copied
m Delile’s drawing in his ‘ Ne de l’ Egypte,’ but reduced to fees

thirds original size.

4. Base of a leaf-fascicle, showing reer eerie fruits, &c.; slightly
en beries From Delile’s ‘Flore de l’ Egypte

5. Section of fruit; enlarged. From Delile’s ‘Blore de V’Egypte.’

oh ATE 251.
6—8. Arrangement of the cells of the erence spe on the leaf of (6),
St sige — (7), N. ean ; (8), N. m and N. arguta. From
xander Braun’s sketches in ‘ soaenad. of Botany,’ 1864, vol ii.,

. ae
9. Form of sheath at base of leaf of N. minor; from ‘ foes trees =

Flora Salina of Cesati, Passerini, and Ili, tav, xxviii, fig. 1
10—14. Form of sheath at ae ‘ot leaf of (10), N. flexilis ; uy, N. minor
» N. minor, var. setacea i f 3), falciculata: and (14), N.
graminea. All copied oon . A. Braun’s woodeuts in ‘Journal
of Botany,” 1864, vol. ii., p
15. Male flower of N. temifola z Br. Enlarged 1s. From Magnus’s
Beitrage; plate iv., fig. 5
16. Anther of N. major, ‘with the perianth reflexed; enlarged. Fro:
Gahata Plant tarum ra ze Germanic cs, Th. fr, Lud. Nees ab seis.

beck, Fase. vi
17. Male flower of N. 11 aoa aia. Nees ab Esenbeck, . ¢., fig. 24.
18. Transverse section of male flower of N. major. Nees ab Eocnbei, ae

19. Pollen of N. major ; enlarged. Nees ab Esenbeck, J. c., fig. 8. :
20. aa flower of N. en , ee the perianth drawn back; eakia

tom ‘Iconograp arum naturalinm regni vegetabi
Dr. Adalbert eicicieie. “et Da cEiecdd Be
21. Vertical section of male flower of PY . major: ‘enlarged. Schnizlein,

4. Gr, tg.
22. Male ee of N. major, showing the Ce sa of the perianth from
the anther ; enlarged. Schnizlein, l. c. fig.
Vertical section of a ae flower of x chee From ‘ Compendio della
Flora Italiana,’ [.
24—25. Dehiscence of t the ia oat of N. , after the observations
of Braun; enlarged. Nees ab E aah ot oe figs. 9 and 10.
26. Grains of Se} of = dip 9 with fovilla a5 "enlarge ed fas From
“Compend. FI. It.,’
Mis ae section i a inale ‘flower of N. minor All. ; enlarged. ‘ Compend.
Sik

=

bo
“ee

28. Male onl of Ne major ; enlarged 4. ‘Compend. FI. It.,’ U, ¢., fig. la.
Base of leaf of N. major with the sheath opened. Intravaginal scales
at the base ee sheath one on each side; enlarged 3. ‘Compend.

"

FL. Tt.,’
30. Intravaginal py of 'N. major; enlarged 3. ‘Compend. Fi. It.,’ l.c.,
fig. 1

Pirate 252.

31. Transverse section of the middle of the Joel of N. graminea, Del. ;

_ enlarged . Magnus, ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. vi., fig. 3.

32. Transverse section of oe side of the leat. of N. seemiae,: ape from
Celebes; enlarged °3°. Magnus, ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. vi., fig. 2.

ON NAIAS GRAMINEA DEL., VAR. DELILEI MAGNUS.

| Fig. 33. paper nec section of -_ leaf of N. ee. Del., from Celebes;

arged 139. Magnus, ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. vi.
In Ties 31—33 the lebiing bundles are drvwn schematically :
i = intercellular spaces, b — bast-cells. :
34, es bast- 233 from the leaf of N. epi from Celebes; enlarged
s, ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. vi.,
35. Mali ie of Nv. graminea ; ibe © ne Magnus, ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. iii.,

36. Transverse section of the stem of Caulinia alagane From
‘Tavole per una Anatomia delle piante aquatiche,’ Paviatans; pl. vi.,

37. Surface-view of the outer cell. layer of the unripe seed of N. flexilis ;
agnus, pee Cpl. Vs,
38. Diagonal section 0: os nearly ripe seed-shell of N. flecilis : enlarged
Ma

agnus rage,’ pl. v.,
39—40. Diagonal sections = the still (?if not always) unripe seed-shell of
m Cairo; enlar rg
41. Diagonal seoticin of a quite ripe ieee shell of N. ites: from
Cairo; enlarged 1 Samus , ‘ Beitrage,’ pl. v., fig. 12.

GURES IN THE LET RESS
All the figures are drawn from Reddish specimens of Naias graminea
Del., var. Delilei Magnus, except when stated otherwise.
AS ON: — are dy section of stem, drawn diagrammatically ;

43 oo 44, N. graminea —Ends of leaves, oblige dentition; enlarged +
45 and 46. N. flevilis—Spines on margins of leaves, from specimens
ahi by Dr. Boswell, in Loch Ginny, near Blairgowrie, Perth-
mlarged *3°, See ‘Journal of Botany,’ No. 154, 1875,

47 to 49. graminea. —Spines on margin of middle portion of leaf;

50. Ne ‘nino “Thoth 0 f leaf from one of mage prison 8 speci-
s from pon is’ in his park at Kalocsa, Hungary ; enlarged 14°.
51. N. ‘major. —Tooth of leaf sr0en plant collected near éoblenta, by Dr.

52. N. graminea. = rge Tababiet from leaf of first pair; enlarged +.
53. N. gra vse —Usual form of leaf-sheaf from leaf of first pair; en-

54, N. graminea,— —Usual form of leaf- chest from leaf of first pair, with
irregular-sized auricles ; enlarged

55. N. graminea.—Leaf-sheaf from leaf 3s ‘second pair; enlarged 1+.

56 and 57. N. flexilis—Leaf-sheath from Scotch ——, enlarged 1°.
: i “f f i ‘lar: 156

59. N. flexilis—Spines on margin of auricles from Loch Cluny. con! are
the first four which occur on =v left shoulder a one 57, above the

minute spine, nearest the base of the sheath ; sp os
60 to 65. N. Abepeoess a.—Transverse 3 wate of ata: go near the
; enlarged

summit; enla
N; alaganensis.—Libriform cells in margin of leaf, from Malinverni’s
Italian specimens ; enlarged » 36, The libriform cells are the long
cells bse well. content nts.
67. N. graminea.—Young antheriferous and pistilliferous flowers growing
side by aides nlavesa 1s,
68. N. gramine a.—Older oe and pistilliferous flowers growing
side by side; enlarged 18
inea.—P

6 gramine rtion of ¢ entral infloresence ; e

70. N. graminea.— ferous hs ower with contiguous bracts; olaigal i,
gr nea. —Young pistilliferous ae enlar

72 and 73. N. graminea.—Young pi us flowers, hanes the stig-

gra therifero s flowers; enlarged
6. N. graminea.—Youn Am. omar Beats, showing immature aid: :
enlarged; +».

A NEW BORNEAN ORCHID. : 838

. Fig. 77. N. i coaaee. —Antheriferous flower not fully ripe ; — a.
78 minea.—Mature antheriferous flower ; enlarged +)
ed

N. graminea. “Sapposed ns. and Pits, ‘of Lexis aa Stabe via on

surface of ket with a ;4, objective, Lieberkuhn and
Kelner B eye-

85. N, ge ilis. = Rehger: ‘and pits, of quadrangular outline, on surface

f fruit ; ng seen with a 4, objective, Lieberkuhn, and a Kelner

Be eye-pie
86. N. graminea, oihiaes mature Cat and an immature pistilliferous
ower in the same verticil ; ed 1
87. N. flexilis.—Mature fruit from Toa Cluny —— enlarged +.
88 N, graminea.—Perianth removed from frui rged 1
89. N. graminea.—Transverse section of the ral xm ja “.

A NEW BORNEAN ORCHID.
By H. N. Ruvtey, M.A., F.L.S.

iparis grandiflora, sp. n. — ae folio singulo
coriaceo ovato lanceolato magno, cal erecto pedali, tereto

branaceis lanceoalatis acutis, sepalis ligulatis- oreo a

Petalis subequantibus multo knits labe 0 bi-

lobo crenulato, marginibus pubescentibus, olumna "Gag plier

pet eck dilatata, supra alata, anthera depressa, obtusa,
oc

Borneo, mountains of — Pramassan. July 19, 1882.
ar ae in Herb. Brit. Mus
is is the largest-flowere

inches in length’ by two and a-half in bre adth; a stou
foot long, bearing sometimes as ma ny as fifteen large tlowera. a
i mee

The petals and sepals are — = ioe inch long, the former
m

Scent; brownish ochreous, with a darker line down the centre.
The column is slender, slightly curved, with two small wings
flanking the stigma, } inch long. er ]

flat, notched in front, dark green. The specimen drawn by Mr.
Everett was father smaller Biko that of Grabowsky, the whole
pes ed not much more than seven inches high, with only

334

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., anp rue Rev. W. W. Newsoutp, M.A., F.L,§.

Tue present paper contains a series of notes on the flora of
Matlock, brought together for the purpose of comparison with the
similar set of notes on the flora of Buxton, printed in this Journal
for January last, and the supplementary records by Mr. W. West
and the Rev. W. Moyle Rogers. The botany of Derbyshire is of
great general interest, because the position and physical configura-
tion of the county are such that it shows better than any other
blending of the flora of the North of England into that of the
Midland Counties. It is the county that shows’ best the widest
range we get in any one county of Watson’s agrarian region.
Perhaps no other county is better divided out, apart from climate,
into well-marked physical divisions. In Derbyshire there are, as
Mr. Painter has already explained, three of these :—1st, the low
country apart from the hills; 2nd, the limestone hills and valleys;
8rd, the ridges and slopes of millstone grit.

above sea-level ; so that, whilst half the area round Buxton falls

list is the result of a fortnight’s search, at the end of
August and the beginning of September, so that no doubt many

lateness of the seas spent a single da Dovedale, an
ade also a catalogue there, confining ourselves to the Derbyshire
side of the stream e cliffs there are just like those of Matlock,

but the general character of the flora is a shade less montane.
The species noted there are distinguished by a D after the name.

, Lhalictrum. None seen. The Castleton plant reported as
flecuosum will likely prove to be really a montanum form.
Ranunculus aquatilis. Rare about Matlock. Abundance es _

penicillatus in the stream in Dovedale. — R. Flammula, acris, and

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK. «B85

repens. All three about Matlock meet in Dovedale, the two latter
up to 850 yds.— R. bulbosus and Fica
Caltha palustris. Matlock and the Sieg
— ~ garis. Limestone bank at Matlock Bath; perhaps
not indigeno
Pa apaver “ae Only seen once, at Whatstandwell.—P. dubium.
Scattered in cultivated fields, var. Lecogii seen as well as the type,
up to 250 yds.
- Chelidonium majus. Roadsides at Cromford and Matlock Bath.
fi Cor ates lutea. Occasionally on walls, as about Matlock Bridge
atio
isiawie officinalis. A weed of cultivated ground up to 250 yds.
No Pit aksecde seen
ws Ra aphanis istrum. A rare weed; only the form with
bright yellow flowers like those of a Sinapis se seen
napis arvensis. A frequent weed up to 250 ‘yds. —S. alba, An
Ones straggler from gardens. — S. nigra. Derwent bank at
atlock Bridge
Brassica = eal . A common weed of cultivated ground up t
300 yds. Forms with both lemon-yellow and or gee -yellow flowers.
Si sale ‘officinale, Roadsides up to 800 yds. ; common
8. Allia D. Very fine in the limestone woods.
Dasdsnciis pratensis. Damp fields up to 350 yds.—C. hirsuta
and sylvatica. Both frequent.—C. sneer 8 Via Gellia, Cromford

lentiful

Arabis Thaliana. Gritston ees: at Matlock Bridge.—A. hirsuta.

Limestone walls and cliffs, frequent, up to 250 yds.
_ etrales vulgaris. Lover's Walk, Matlock Bath, and a few
other p

ome apenas. D. Abundant about the streams up to
250 yds. — N. palustre. Near the stream in Cromford Dale.—
N. amphibium. By the Cromford Canal at Whatstandwell.

Armoracia rusticana. Via Gellia, &e. ; an occasional stray from
cottage garden ns.

Ti hlaspi virens. Matlock Tor, Heights of Abraham, &c., 150 to 250
‘Ed Lane associated with Arenaria verna on the debris of the

Capsella Bursa-pastoris. D. A common roadside weed up to
ds.

y

Riseda Luteola. ‘Limestone quarries in Matlock Dale. No lutea
seen

He lianthemum vulgare. D. Common on the limestone banks
up to the heights of Abraham, 350 yds.

Piola ialaatees Only seen on Tansley Moor; gritstone. — V.
odorata. Seen once at the top of Bonsall, near a farmhouse.—
V. hirta. Dov edale, Via Gellia, Cromford Dale, and other lime-
Stone woods.— V. sylvatica. D. Woods up to the ag of

Abraham, 850 yds. i 2 tricolor. Cultivated ground u
both type and var. arvensis and a form just oo sare Pasty
_ —V. lutea. Matlock Tor and heights of Abraham
Drosera, None seen. ©

3386 : NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOOK.

Polygala vulgaris. D. Grassy banks up to 350 yds. ; frequent.

Silene echt Matlock bank and _ hill-side, ascendin ing from
Matlock Bridge to Bonsall.—S. nutans. Limestone cliffs in Dove-
dale ot seen about Matloc

Lychnis vespertina. Rosdside at Whatstandwell.—L. diurna. D.
Common in woods up to 300 yds.

Cerastium glomeratum. Via Gellia.—cC. triviale. D. Common
in grassy places up to 350 yards.

Stellaria media. D.. Common up to 300 yds. — S. Holostea.—
S. graminea. D. Ascends to 800 yds.—S. uliginosa. Damp places
up to 300 yds.

Arenaria trinervia. Dry bank on the hill, ascending from Mat-
lock Bridge to Bonsall. — A. serpyllifolia. D. Walls and dry
banks, frequent up to 800 yds., both type and var. leptoclados.

Alsine verna. Matlock Tor, Masson, SOT &c., 150 to 300 yds.,
abundant ; always associated with lead min

Sagina apetala. Gritstone wall at Whatstandwell Railway
Station.—S. procumbens. Frequent.

Spergularia rubra. Gritstone quarry over the church at Matlock
bank, 250 yds.

Hypericum calycinum. Lover's Walk, Matlock Bath; alien.—
Hi. perforatu D. Frequent in the limestone woods up to 800
yds. — H. Lihiotitien. Dovedale, Via Gellia, &c.; about the
streams. — H. pulchrum. Gritstone quarry over Matlock bank,
250 yds.—H. hirsutum. ae Via Gellia, Matlock Tor, and
other limestone woods; abun

Matlva moschata. Dovedale, Via Gellia, and by the Cramford
Canal at Whatstandwell. — M. ‘it and sylvestris. Near

Tilia grandifolia. foaea de at Wi latetandell, and by the
sta oa, Matlock Bath. — 7. intermedia. Limestone ohifts of
0

Linum catharticum. D. Dry banks, frequent, up to 850 yds.—
L. usitatissimum. A few plants by roadsides
eranium pratense. D. Common in the limestone woods up to
800 yds.—G. columbinum. Foot of cliff in Dovedale.—G. lucidum
- Walls and rocks, Via Gellia, &c.—G. Robertianum. D. Com-
mon in the limestone woods up to 350 yds.
Oxalis Acetosellaa D. Shaded woods up to 850 yds.; fre-
uent.
, Impatiens parviflora. A few plants in Cramford Dale, and at
the Lover’s Walk, Matlock Bath.
Ilex Aquifolium. D. Frequent up to 300 yds.
Euonymus europeus. Via Gellia and Matlock Tor
thamnus catharticus. D. Via Gellia, Matlock Tor, and hill-
side east of Bonsall up to 250 yds.
Acer Pseudo-platanus. D, Everywhere in om woods.—A. cam-
pestre. LD. Common in the limestone dales up to 300 yds.
Ulex europaeus. D. Mainly on the gritstone; not plentiful.—
U. Gallit. On the gritstone at all levels from the teri ay side at
Whatstandwell up to 800 yds. ; very fine on Tansley

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOOK. 8387

enista anglica. Tansley Moor, 800 yds., over gritstone,
amongst the heather.—G. oe ees — of Matlock Tor.

Sarothamnus. None seen ex n garden

onan arvensis. West slope ‘of P Matlock Tor.
nthyllis Vulneraria. timed tone banks over Bonsall and Mat-
ick Bath, up to 300 yds.

Medicago lupulina. D. ——. — up to 250 yds.

Trifolium pratense. D. Comm n grassy — ™p fen 350
yds.—T’. medium. Frequent in ‘aoa me thickets.— m.
Roadsides and forage fields.—T. repens. D. ie com-
m

Lotus corniculatus. D, Common up ‘to 350 yds. — L. major.
ae and damp grassy places up to 800 yds.

a Cracea. Hedges; not common.—V/. sepium. om-
mon in ie woods and grassy places up to 300 yds. — V. sativa. Seen
in cultivation only.

Lathyrus pratensis. D. Fields and thickets up to 300 yds.;
common.

runus spinosa. D. Common in woods and hedges up to 300

yds. mets insititia. Seen in the Via Gellia, &e.—P. Padus. Plentiful
in the an epee
Beira rea Ulm D. Common up to 300 yds.

Agrimonia pleas See? Frequent up to 250 ee

Sanguisorba officinalis. Hedge- - at Whatstandwell.

Poterium Sanguisorba. limestone aia. everywhere
common, up to the Heights of esha ds.

Alchemilla vulgaris. D. — in grassy places up to 800 yds.

Potentilla Fragariastrum. D. Walls and hedge-banks; fre-
quent.—P. Tormentilla. resist to 850 yds., but seldom seen on
the limestone. — P. reptans and Anserina. D. Fre requent, both
ascending to 800 yds.

Fragaria vesca. D. Common in woods up to 350 yds.

Rubus Ideus. D. Common in woods up to — Rh.
Lindleianus. Quite aap oryaniet in woods and thickets at "What-
standwell and in the gritstone quarry over Matlock bank. We
looked for nie forms, sey could not find any.—R. rhamnifolius.
Once seen on the slope of the hill west of Matlock Bridge Railwa vl
Station.—R. discolor. Common about Tissington and in Dov
Seen once only at Matlock, in a lane at the top of Bonsall.— kt

, 0 P mmon
everywhere in woods and thickets, ascending to 300 yds. in the
Masson Woods. — R. amplificatus. Thickets at Whatstandwell ;
plentiful. We never once met with 2. wmbrosus, which is generally
a prevalent type in hilly tracts in the North of England. — &.
Sprengelii. Seen once, in hedges by the eS Fa aed al between

Frequ

— of Abraham. — R. dumetorum var. concinnus (R. tenui-
tus Lees) is one of the commonest brambles of the district,
Zz

om ourNaL or Borany.—Vou. 22, [Novemper, 1884.]

888 NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK.

asecnding to 300 yds.; var. ferox, abundant in the Via Gellia and
at Whatstandwell. — R. corylifolius. D. Common in woods and
thickets up to 800 yds.; sasccrally var. sublustris, but good con-
jungens seen in the Via Gellia.—R. casius Common in woods
and thickets, ascending to 800 yds. over r Matlock Bath, both the
type and varieties.

Rosa mollissima. Woods and thickets up to 800 yds., both the
type and var. cerulea.—R. tomentosa. D. Frequent up to 800 yds.
in a wide range of forms, of which the most interesting was one
with scabriuscula leaves and sepals falling whilst the fruit was still
green, on the top of the ridge of hill between Bonsall and Matlock
Bridg j E here common up i

— and Mr. Bagnall, we specially noted lutetiana, spharica,

malis, biserrata. urbica, frondosa, arvatica, andevagensis, uteri,
bert coritfolia, and Watsoni, the last at Tissington. — A.
arvensis. D. Bye rywhere common in woods and thickets, ‘oun

ing ‘, 00 yds.

Crataegus monogyna. TD. Common in a and hedges up to
300 yds. Var. laciniata on Matlock Tor,

Py yrus rupicola. Limestone cliffs of Matlock Tor ; seen also 0
cliffs in Dovedale, but only on the Staffordshire side of the case.

- Aucuparia. D. ese ED to 850 yds., but scarcely seen in
the Eicciti dales. — P, D. Common in woods and
pat ee to 300 an
ot s

seen
Boilobiwrn angustifolium. By the stream in the Via Gellia ;
pope introduced.—E. hirsutum. D. Abundant by we streams.
-_parv iflorum. D. With the last; frequent.—. montanum.
D.:. Comm: mon in woods up to 800 yds. Two curious pees aa pubes
one with several of the leaves of the main stem arranged in threes,
and another tall and much branched, with flowers nearly as large
asin E. hirsutum, with which it grew, near the Via Gellia Colour
orks.—E. roseum. Roadside at Matlock Bridge.—E. obscurum.
Keasudale Radenvninas &ce.—H. palustre. Stream-side on the moor
over Tansle
Circea laitetiont D. Frequent in woods and thickets. We
— only find lutetiana, not alpina, which is recorded at Matlock
t

Callitriche platycarpa, = and slow streams.
M yriophy yllum. None gs
Ribes Grossularia. Roadside in the Via Gellia, &e. ; scattered
ict, only.
Sedum Fabaria. Limestone rocks in Dovedale; sparingly. —
S. album. Walls in Matlock Dale; doubtless a carden escape.—
S. acre. Walls and rocks, both of grit and sandstone ; frequent.
Saxifraga tridactylites. Common - walls.—S. hypnoides, Lime-
stone débris in Dovedale and over Bon ‘ .
Chrysosplenium oppositifolium. Dany ‘shady places in the Nie
ellia, &e.
Parnassin palustris. Limestone banks over Matlock Bath, &¢.

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK. 889

. a vulgaris. Tansley Moor, on gritstone. Avoids the
Bbsens europea. Woods up to 800 yds. over Matlock Bath.
Helosciadium nodiflorum. D. Very abundant about the streams.

a Podagraria. D, Roadsides up to 800 yds. on Mat-

oc
nella Sawxifraga. D. Common on the limestone banks
up to es ahs of Arabian, 350 yds. A form with bright red
flowers at Bonsall.—P. m D. Common on limestone banks
up “a 300 yds. on the top of ‘hs ridge between Bonsall and Matlock
sn oe
usa Cynapium. Cultivated ground up to us yds.
Ange gre shee D. Damp woods ; frequen
Herac m Sphondylium. D. Dry ba nks up . the heights of
Rehan, eacank 350 yds. Varieties noted with laciniated leaves
and small orbicular mericarps.
Daucus Carota. a Dry banks; frequent.
ortlis Anthriscus. D. Common on dry banks up to the
heights of MMsakins, 350 yds.
Hii gee Spinal. Woods _ pastures ; frequent. — C.
ul 2a D. Hedge-banks; freque
Myrrhis odorata. Stream-sides cae lanes up to 300 yds. over
Bonsall; very wild-lookin
Conium maculatum. Waste ground in the Via Gellia.
a Helix. D. Walls, rocks, and trees; common at all
Ba: vi oe 350 yds.

Viburnum Opulus L. D. Woods up to 800 yds. ; oto
onicera Periclymenum. D. Like — last.
oe verum and Cruciata. D mon at all — — eg

( : re. Common
Aparine. D. Cultivated poet in up to 300 yds.

eta Succisa. D. Grasey Gendt wD ae 800 pias common.
where common on dry

d ,
crispus. D, Boadsides ; ; frequent. — C. lanceolatus, palustris, and
arvensis. D. Common at all i ae up to Masson heights,
Carlina vulgaris. Dovedale and Matlock Tor.

D. Frequent in the woods, both type and
Other forms. No majus anywhere seen.
} ck Tor.

Centaurea nigra. D, Common in pastures up to 800 yds., both

840 NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOOK.

extreme nigra, and'in dry Se a ri approximating towards
decipiens. —C. Scabiosa. Matlock Tor

imei Leucanthemum. D. agit mmon in grassy places.

A form any heads to a stem and more deeply-cut leaves
noted at Gilauaewine ll.

Matricaria Parthenium. D. Established by roadsides in several
places.—WM. inodora. In cultivated ground up to 300 yds.

Tanacetum vulgare. Plentiful on the banks of the Derwent.

—* a D. Pastures at all levels up to 350 yds. ;

armica. Lumsdale. Fine A. serrata seen in
ins. at t Matlock Bath.

Artemisia vulgaris. Roadsides and waste ground ; frequent.

Gnaphalium uliginosum. Roadside at Whatstandwell.

Fi go. None seen.

Senecio vulgaris. D. Common up to 800 yds. — 8S. erucifolius.
Roadside between Tissington and the Peveril ae Dovedale ; not
seen = Matlock.—S. Jacobea. D. Common at all levels up to
35 —S. aquaticus. D. Stream-sides, frequent; very luxurian
in the Via Gellia.

sre Conyza. Limestone banks in the Via Gellia and on ae
lock Tor. — I. dysenterica, Roadsides at Tissington at Wha
standw ell.

Bellis perennis. D. Common at rr doves up to 850 yds.

Solidago Virgaurea. Woods; not ¢

Tussilago Farfara, D. Common in waste ground up to 800 yds.

Petasites vulgaris. D. Abundant Dy the strea

Eupatorium iniasenhiia. D. Woods and RUE sides up to
300 yds. ; common.

Lamesa communis. D. Roadsides; frequen
Pe teen radicata. D, Grassy places ee all levels up to
yas

Leontodon hispidus and autumnalis. D. Grassy places at all
levels up to 800 yds.

icris hieracioides. D. Limestone banks; freque

Tragopogon minor. Hill-side west of Matlock age Station.

Taraxacum officinale. D. Common at all levels up to 350 y ds.

Lactuca muralis. D, Common in woods and on shaded cliffs
up to 800 yds.

Sonchus oleraceus, asper, and arvensis. D. All three frequent.

Crepis virens. D. Frequent in son up to 300 yds. No
paludosa seen

Hieracium Pilosella. D. Common at all levels up to 850 yds.
—f1. vulgatum. Cliffs up to 350 yds.; not co ae and we were
— at to see either cesium or mae —— —__H. boreale. Com-

n in woods and on hedge-banks up to 800 yds.

age RS pect es in sandy pa over gritstone only ;
not seen in the limestone dal

Campanula latifolia. Matlock Tor and lanes over Bonsall on the
eastern pres =P to 800 yds.—C. rotundifolia. D. Grassy places ;
common at all levels up to 850 yds.

Vaccinium Myr ‘iibea at shear Abundant on Tansley Moor
and other gritstone ridges, 2

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK. 841

300
Ligustrum n vulgare, Truly wild on Matlock Tor ext the hill-side
east of Bonsall.
rita Centaurium. gy ote slope in Dovedale.

Gentiana Amarella. D. Pastures a the limestone at all
ovations up to the heights of ietin 8 0 yds

Convolvulus arvensis. Hedge-bank at Matlock bank, 250 yds.
A narrow-leaved variety. es sepium. Frequent in hedges and
cultivated ground up to 300

Solanum Dulcamara. B the stream in Cromford Dale.

Verbascum Thapsus. Limestone banks.—V. nigrum. Type and
a hybrid between this and the last in a quarry on the hill-side west
of Whatstandwell. Perhaps a relic of cultivation.

Scrophularia Balbisit, Stream-sides, common; up to 250 yds.

in Lumsda ey nodosa. Common in woods up ‘to 800 yds. over

Digitalis pu ‘purea. Gritstone at exh the limestone.
Antirrhinum majus. Garden walls
Linaria Cymbalaria. Cour mon on walls. — L. vu Dry
banks ; frequent. —L. minor. On ballast at Whatslantwell with
Poppy and aoe:
eronica agrestis. D. Cultivated ground, common, up to 800 yds.
—V. Bua nb aumti. Seen in several places uP to 800 yds. —V. arvensis
and serpyllifolia. Wall-tops; not common.—V. Chamedrys. D.
Grassy places at all levels up to 850 eds. A form noted with
distinetly-petioled upper — by the Derwent below Matlock Tor.
——V. montana. Via Gellia, in shaded woods.—V. Anagallis. Banks
of the. ee and about is reservoirs = Cromford Dale. — V.
Beccabunga. D. Common in damp plac
uphrasia officinalis. D. Dry Posleasii sommidh at all elevations
up to the Heights of Abraham, 350 yds.
artsia Odontites. D. Grassy places ; not common.
Ethinanthus Crista-galli. Casas places.
edicularis and ae — None seen.
Orobanche. . None s
Verbena ipeesalis. Bottom of the Via Gellia
Mentha sylvestris. Cromford Dale and bottom of the Via Gellia.
—M. Kage ta. Fully native. By the reservoirs in Cromford Dale
and the Cromford Canal, south of Whatstandwell Station. —WM.
ec paludosa, and sativa. All three frequent. —M. arvensis.
Cultivated ground ; rare.
- “eg hymus Serpyllum. D. Common on dry banks at all elevations
'p ds.
Pijanen ak sk D. Everywhere common in the limestone
dales up to 300 yds.
_Calamintha Clinopodium. D. Frequent in woods and thickets up
yds.—C. Acinos. Limestone bank in Dovedale; sparingly.
Nepeta Glechoma. D. Hedge-banks and stony woods ; frequent
up to 800 yds.

842 NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK.

Prunella vulgaris. D. Everywhere common in grassy places
up to 350 yds.

Scutellaria galericulata. Lumsdale Reservoirs, abundant, and
banks of the canal at Whatstandwell.

Stachys Betonica. Matlock Tor, &c. ; not plentiful.—sS. palustris.
About the Derwent at Matlock Bridge. —~S. sylvatica. Common in
woods up to 300 yds.

Galeopsis Tetrahit. D. Cultivated fields; not common.

Lamium purpureum. D. Roadsides and cultivated ground.—
L. album. Common by roadsides up to Matlock bank, 250 yds.—

Eve

L. got este D. Everywhere common in the limestone woods
up to 35
Ajuga rau wal Woods and fields, common, up to 300 yds.
~Leucrium Scorodonia. D. Dry banks both amongst the lime-
stone and gritstone; pees

Lithospermum officinale. mean! banks in the Via Gellia.
Myposotis cone. Very fine by the stream in the Via Gellia.
—M. palustris. D. hinder cy the streams.—M. repens. Tansley
Moor.—M. arvensis. Cultivated and waste ground.
pesegaames officinale. Via Gellia, and by the canal-side at
Whatstandw
Primula saa and officinalis. D. Both oe
> saga nemorum. Damp woods; not commo
Plantago major, a and lanceolata. D. All tana common
at all levels up to 850
Chenopodium album. Cult tivated ground up to 800 yds.; com-
mon.—C. Bonus-Henricus. Roadsides at Bonsall and Cromford.
Atriplex aaaliorrtti Type and var. erecta common in eulti-
ee ground up to 800 yds,—— A. Smithii. Less common than
e

pee conglomeratus and sangwineus. D. Frequent by the
stream-sides. — R, obtusifolius. D. Common at all levels up to
300 yds.—R. pratensis. By the stream in Dovedale and the Crom-

R. Acetosa and Acetosella, Dry banks at all levels up to 350 yds.

Pi olygonum Convolvulus,— Cultivated ground up to 300 yds.—P.
aviculare - Roadsides at all levels, frequent ; several forms.-—
fog Persioavis: Cultivated fields up to 800 yds.; common. Neither
Hydropiper nor lapathifolium seen.

uphorbia Helioseo opia and Peplus. Common in cultivated ground
up to 800 yds. Railway side at Whatstandwell.

Mercurialis pere ennis. D. Abundant in the limestone woods up
to 800 yds.

Parietaria diffusa. Walls at Cromford and Bonsall.

Urtica dioica. D. Common at all levels up to 850 yds. No
urens seen.

Ulmus montana. D. Eve rywhere common in the woods.
eet seen, except a few sheasuates -planted trees of the sypiesl
orm

Quercus Robur. D. Frequent in woods; var. sessiliflora at
Whatstandwell.

NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK. 343

Fagus sylvatica, Wild-looking in the li

Via Gellia, y oking in the limestone woods of the
Corylus Aveliana, D. Ve a common in the limestone woods.
Alnus glutinosa, D. Common by the streams up to 800 yds.
Populus nigra, Planted woods. No tremula seen.

alba, nor triandra seen.—S. purpurea. By the reservoirs in Crom-
ford Dale.—S. viminalis. Stream-sides ; ent.—S. ciner
Caprea, D. Common in woods and he dges up to 800 yds

Pinus sylvestris. Self-sown about the Lumsdale grit guarries, &e.

Taxas baccata, Matlock Tor and over Bonsall, truly wild, but
in . quantity ; and Juniperus, which we should have chen ie
to be plentiful, we never once saw.

Sparganiun ramosum. D. Ponds and streams ; frequent.

Lemna minor. Pon

Potamogeton natans. 6 the canal at Whatstandwell.—P. poly-
gonifolius. ills on Tansley Moor. — P. perfoliatus and pectinatus.
In the canal at Whatstandwell.— P. er ispus. Reservoirs at Crom-
ford, and in the Dove.

In the canal south of Whatstandwell Station
Slow streams and ponds, feotieds both

Common in the limestone woods up to

250 yds. No Bryonia @ seen
A ctsictasedags majalis. Abundant on the limestone slopes of the

lamprocarpus, squarrosus, and 8
bufonius. Roadsides; not sn
cirpus palustris. Abundant at ‘the Lumsdale Reservoirs. —— 8.

Setaceus. Damp roadsides ; not —

Ridg
td vai —C, leiaiaas and binervis. Ww
lvatica and remota. ia Gellia. — C. glauca. Dry ‘ani
e

sy
adn at all levels up to "350 yds.— C. ampullacea. By
reservoirs in the Cromford Valley.

Anthoxanthum odoratum. D. a ~ all levels ; common.

Digraphis. D. Common by the

Phslorts canariensis. Roadsides, Abr with Linum usitatissimum,

Phleum pratense. D. Pastures; common

Agrostis vulgaris Common at all levels up to 350 yds.
4. nigra With., w hich Mr. Paaiall feat pointed out to us, as
abundant as typical vulgaris.

- B44 NOTES ON THE FLORA OF MATLOCK.

Phragmites communis. Reservoirs; rar

Aira caespitosa. D. Common at all as up to 350 yds.—
A, flexuosa, Gritstone heaths. Avoids the limestone dales.

Avena pratensis. D. Dry limestone aye. frequent. — 4.
elatior. D. Common at all levels up to

Holeus mollis and lanatus. Common at all ‘avala up to 850 yds.

Triodia decumbens. Tansley Moor.

Keleria cristata. Limestone banks in Dovedale. ;

Molinia cerulea. Tansley Moor, over gritstone ; not seen in the
limestone dales

Meliea uniflora, D. Common in the woods up to 300 yds.

Catabrosa aquatica. Canal-side at Whatstandwell.

Glyceria fluitans. Swamps up to 800 yds.—G. plicata. By the
stream in Dovedale.—G. aquatica. By the Cromford Canal south
of Whatstandwell.

oa annua, pratensis, and trivialis. D. Common at all levels.
xP. Hecowalse, Woods of the — Gellia, &&¢. — P. compressa.
Limestone walls at Whatstandwell, &
riza, Cynosurus, and Dactylis. D, Common at all elevations.
ina. D,

Festuca ovina. Frequent ; male on the gritstone heaths,
and duriuscula in the limestone dales —TF’. pratensis. Grassy places ;
frequent.

Bromus giganteus. D. 7s and thickets ; —_ less common
than B. asper.— B. as se Common an luxuriant in
woods u 300 yds akes and in Yorkshive this and the

agrarian zone.—B. sterilis and mollis. Dry banks and roadsides. _
Brachypodium sylvaticum. D. Everywhere common in the woo

up to 300 yds. We ex xpected aoa but could not find any.
Triticum a and repens. . Frequent up to 300 yds.
Lolium per D. Chika at all levels ; ttalicum introduced

any BE

Nardus ste Dovedale and Pentley —

Pteris. Frequent both on grit and lim

Lomaria Spicant. Gritstone heaths. pa the erage
Asplenium Ruta-muraria, Walls, both of grit and limestone
Athyrium. Rare in the limestone dales

Scolopendrium. Limestone cliffs. Avoids the gritstone.
Cystopteris fragilis. Limestone cliffs.

Nephrodium Filix-mas and dilatatum.—Woods at all levels, both
f grit and limestone. No Or eopteris seen.

Polypodium vulgare. D. Limestone rocks.

Lycopodium. None seen,

Equisetum arvense. D. Common at all levels. — E. palustre.
Damp places.—E. maximum, About the stream in Cromford Dale.
—E. limosum. Cro mford and Lumsdale Reservoirs, plentiful, the
Jluviatile form

©

aap

345

ON DIDYMOPLEXIS SYLVATICA (LEUCORCHIS
SYLVATICA Buvume).
By H. N. Ruovtey, M.A., F.L.S.

Tus rare orchid was described by Blume oy Vat Archip. Ind.,
p. 147), from a sketch and notes furnished by Van Hasselt, who
met with it at Bantam in Java. There isa fina tien of specimens,

which appear to be identical with Blume’s plant, in the Javan
collection of Horsfield, named by Mr. J. J. Bennett Nani tophyllum

( en too much crush
to make out their structure quite satisfactorily, but I have ie

Sree Griff. (Apetalon ee Wight, ‘ Icones, fils: a soo
sid ov

-
about six inches to a foot in height, and leafless, except for a few
loose cr aemeaiee bracts. ae bear numerous flowers, only a
few bein en at a time, and as these appear the stem rae

of short bracts, soni the number of flowers which, not “having
been fertilised, have fallen off and disappeared. As in the other
Species, when a flower is fertilised the pedicel begins to lengthen _
and increase in thickness till the capsule is ripe and splits, by
which time it has attained the height of sometimes as much as

nine Satie: Mr. Hemsley ourn. Linn. Soc., xx., p. 310),

almost straight, narrowed towards the base, and with a very short
foot ; han capsule is an inch long and } in. diameter. I append a

Re LEXIs syuyatica (Leucorchis sylvatica Bl. Orch. Archip.
Ind. p. 147). se vepnopny i rhizomate repente tuberoso, tuberi-
bus fusiform: us; caulibus aphyllis, in floratione increscentibus ;
bracteis ae obtusis ie wg ; floribus majoribus, sepalo
Postico ovato obtuso integro, petalis subsqualibus subsimilibus

846 EOMECON: GENUS NOVUM, E FAMILIA PAPAVERACEARUM.

adnatis, sepalis lateralibus in labio late ovato obtuso integro
ener labello breviore obtuso i pets columna gracili suberecto,
pede brevissimo ; capsula oblong

EOMECON: ae NOVUM, E FAMILIA
APAVERACEARUM.

Aucrore H. F. Hanoz, Ph.D., Soc. Linn. Lond. Sod., cet.

Sepala in calycem gamophyllum, bg rote sub anthesi hinc
latere longitudinaliter fissum, caducum, coalita. Petala 4, alba,
orbiculari- elliptia, symptyxi biseriatim i immbrionta, haud corrugata.
Stamina ultr ; filamenta libera, filiformia; anthere erecte,
oblong, eee Ne loculis connectivo iis duplo latiore bel esr
longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarii placente 2, nervifo
stylus distinctus, apice lobato- dilatatus, lobis 2 erect, sate
stigmatosis, cum placentis alternantibus. Capsula .
emina

He rba rhisuiaate perenni, late repente, ramoso, succo croced.
Folia e rhizomatis gemmis plurima, ceespitosa, cordiformia, palma-

enia, longipetiolata, ptyxi involuta. Scapi apice racemosi,
—— ina fragrantibus.

ha;* glaberrima, foliis carnosulis subcoriaceis

iiss Salat sagittatis vy. reniformibus acutis v. obtusis sinu
basali clauso y. aperto auriculis shtucis margine sinuatis lobulis

fereton ‘eiaga senees 5 lin. longis, petalis teneris

longis 7 io aad genitalibus corolla triplo brevioribus. :
vulorum, in jurisdictione Wai-tsap, prov. Kwang-si,

100 m. p.a : Canad: occasum versus, m. Aprili 1883, collegit rev.

B. C. Henry. (Herb. propr. n. 22218.)

Genus ommnino distinctum, Stylophoro et Sanguinarie inter-
ponendum : illi, petalorum numero, styli longiuseuli lobis cum
placentis a aiteenehttis © huic, florum colore, fuitforeacun bie scaposa,
oliorumque indole, accedens ; ab utroque foliis radicalibus, c#espl-
tosis, floribus epsom calyce synsepalo, staminibus numero-
sioribus, diversu

* Vocabulum M%xy est feminini generis.

+ Illustris. Asa Gray lobos stylinos etiam Sanguinarie cum plac
nantes papdat oe a et ear curavit. (Il. N. Am. Pl. : — ‘ ‘49, 6)
Conf. Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 53; Baillon, Hist. d. pl. iii.

347

NOTE ON THE BRITISH GYMNOSPORANGIA.
By Cuarztes B. Piowriext.

Tur Ngee iba en are a in this bet d by three
Sepa viz., G. sabine, G. juniperinum, and G. riaforme
Since their life-history was worked out tte (Ersted in 1868. when
he iBiowed sa were connected as teleutospores with —
cancellata, R. cornuta, and R. lacerata, they have received ¢ mpara-
tively little eidcbeit antil Rathay undertook an extensive pom of
Beetes with them, the results of which he published in 1882;

which it appears that ee respective a Aare occur upon

cal host plants, as under

Re Ahadcapora:
Crategus a
Gymnosporangium clavarieforme. ee ie oe ies
Keiban: ER es
Gymnosporangium sabine ... ... Pyrus communis.
Sorbus Aucuparia
Aronia roto
Gymnosporangium juniperum ... { Pyrus
Cydonia <cisk
Sorbus Aria.

ing the years 1882, 1888, and 1884 I have performed a

Sate of cultures with aioe which ee Brees s results
as far as they have gone, except in one ins nd, as Rathay
does, that oes a clavar ar ree G. rerinns pode. their weidio-
st

confounded; nor am I at the present ti ion to point
out the specific differences of the siontuspukde: err the
resultin ia are sufficiently distinct in of th

g ecidia ar
alsa a the form of their ee a the colour of the spots from

sha
with the Rastelia which grew in close proximity to a savine-bu
Near which no or juniper grew. * hope to be able to clear this
matter up next year, and possibly may thus be enabled to throw
Some light upon he: life. history of the Varta on Mespilus germanica,
& fungus which is not uncommon in this neighbourhood a
that Rathay was unable to produce artificially. My present idea is
at it is connected shim this second species of Gy sacs
en

848 SHORT NOTES.

drawing attention to the fact first pointed out by Rees in 1870,
that G. sabine has two kinds of spores, one smaller, paler, and
narrower than the other.

SHORT NOTES.

Junous pirFusus Hoppe.—I found this rush this summer on
North Leigh Heath, in Oxfordshire, and shortly after met with it
in another Oxfordshire locality, by Grove Wood near Kingham,
close to the Gloucestershire boundary, and again in marshy ground
near Oddington in the latter county. In all these places glaucus
and effusus grew with it. In addition to Babington’s very good
description, another character mentioned in ‘English Botany’
appears constant—the darker colour of the sheaths. I find that

G. C. Druce
AsnormaL Fiowers or Tropzotum.—-One of the most curious

the cuttings from which the plants are grown were all taken 1
autumn from the same plant. The spurs of many of the flowers

suppressed; but they are actually turned outside in, the pomts of
the inverted spurs being seen in the interior of the flower, above z

SHORT NOTES. 349

the insertion of the stamens. But the peculiarity does not end
here ; for in the majority of cases where the spurs are inverted
they have become also forked at the tip, and this attempt to form
@ double, sometimes a triple spur, can be traced to some extent
externally : ; though it is only the inverted portion which is actually
= into two or three points.—Rosert Horn

Leseunia microscortca Tayl.—I am able to sd ae station
for this pia hepatic, sree found it in quantity in Nant Francon,
N. Wales, this August.—W. H. Puarson.

: EURUM TENUISSIMuUM Li. in Hountineponsaire. — The first
bikie: ee this as a Hunts tas occurs in the Appendix to

y’s ‘Catalogus Plantarum Cantabrig,’ 1668, p. 8:— ‘Auricula
leporis minima J. B. The smallest Hares-ear. By the way-side

sequently saw it) and at Leighton, aE removing the soe ie
Hun

they extend inla: sad ¥cALcaiiaa Fr —

Prarra Cesatm Van T. (p. 800).—I am anid to see that P. Cesatit
has been discovered by some one else in Britain. It is probably a
widely istribvated but uncommon species, and needs looking for,

hen seen is unmistakable. Mr. Moore does not approve e of
its separation from Pilobolus, but possibly he will discover, if he
will read the conclusion of my monograph of the Pilobolide, that
ig conan for so doing are, to an evolutionist, convincing.—
Gr

Dorset niapeneay —The two following plants, my records for
at nee found by me this month in the bed of the Winter-
bourne m at ee about two miles from Dorchester, viz.,
antag Pouniais Jord. and Polygonum maculatum Trim. & Dyer,
the latter in some abundance, associated with P. lapathifolium L.
(which ° rare in South Dorset}, and Chenopodium acutifolium Sm.—

WLES Barrett.

350

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
A Synopsis of British Mosses. By C. P. Hopxmr. Ed. 2.
pp. vili. 240. Reeve & Co. 1884.

A seconD edition of this little book speaks well for its popularity
among students of Bryology, and extends to forty-four pages beyond
its predecessor.

The difficulty of describing so extensive and intricate a group
as that of the Mosses, in a manner sufficiently popular to interest

cannot be distinguished from t that are common or general.
The arrangement of the families is different from that in the first
edition, being founded on that enunciated by Hampe in ‘Das
Moosbild’ (1871), the main divisions of which—Saccomitria and

€ notice very few errors in the book, but we may indicate

that, on p. 48, var. Jimbriatum should be imbricatum ; and on p. 78
Swartzti should be Schwarzii: p. 75, Dicranum uncinatum has the
fruit both described and figured in the ‘Moss-flora’; a tribe, Georgi-
ace, also appears, but we do not find any genus Georgia to
represent it.
The number of species described is 576, being thirteen more

lon; these

nicus, Coscinodon Patersoni, Bryum Mildeanum, B.
Muhlenbeckii, B. cyclophyllum, and Hypnum Lorentzianum.

Should another edition be called for, we trust the talented
author will see his way to improve it in the direction indicated,
and thus render it more worthy of its character, as being the best
handbook on the subject which has yet appeared. R. Bs

We welcome another part (the 8th) of Dr. Braithwaite’s
‘ British Moss-flora,’ in which the Tortulacee are begun. It is not
only worthy of its predecessors, but in some respects seems to us
even superior to them, the beauty of the plates illustrating
Ephemerum and Phascum being quite unsurpassed. While wishing,

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 851

with many others, that the work could proceed more rapidly, we
perceive in the amount ee work bestowed upon it a reason amply

sufficient to account for it S comparatively slow ie tie Part x.
will conclude the Map and also Vol. I. of the wor

New Booxs. — 0. G. Guzer, ‘ Tableaux pte des Hy-
Menomyeétes’ (Svo, pp. 199: Alengon , Lepage). — C. P. Hopxix,
‘Synopsis of British Moses, ed. i. ‘(8v0, pp. xii. 240: London,
Reeve, 7s. 6d -).— R. Four ‘Plant Lore, Legends, and ra
(8vo, pp. xxiv. 611, ithasteated ’ London, Sampson Low & Co., 16s.).

— 8. B. Herrick, ‘ Wonders of Plant Life’ (sm. 4to, pp. 248,
85 figs.: London, W. H. Allen & Co.). — M. Mrxsuenmer, ‘ Mit-
telrheinische Flora’ (8vo, pp. vii. 164: Leipzig, He nser). — T.

UMPLER & C. F. Forster, ‘Handbuch der eng oot fase. 1.
(8V0, pp. xvi. 64: Leipzig, Kanzler, “«1885’’). — EK. L. pe ua Cra-

LLE, ‘ Hxposition systematique des Lichens de Oéihatolis &e.’
(8vo, pp. xx. 1383: Paris). — P. Ducnarrreg, ‘flém or de ca
nique,’ abe 83 (8vo, pp. viii. 1272, 571 figs. : Par Bailliér
1885"), —D. Gane ‘Anatomie et Physiologie Végétales’ (avo,
Pp. Vili. 315, 404 figs.: Paris, Bailliére, 1885"). — A. Fiscuer,
‘Untersuchungen iiber das Siebrohrensystem der Cucurbitaceen ’

(4to, pp. x. 109, tt. 6: Berlin, Boruva ger).—H. Lerrexs, ‘ Ueber
Bau & Entwicklung ce ‘Spofenbante “(8vo, pp. 112, tt. 3: Graz,
Leuschner er).— G. Wace ‘Der Waldbau und seine Fortbildung’

(8vo, pp. viii. 579 : Stuttgart, Cotta).

are IN JOURNALS.
merican Naturalist. — baa ‘The North American |
Geasters’ (12 f s).— E. A. ee Fecopiit.2 Structure, i
and distribution of stomata in react arvense’ (1 plate
Botanical Gazette (Sept.). —- L. H. Bailey, ‘ Notes on Carex.’
—J. G. Lemmon , Mimulus Mohavensis, n. sp.
oe C sntralblatt (Nos. 40-43). H. Mayr, ‘ Entstehung und
Vertheilung der Secretions-Organe der Fichte und Lirche.
ot. eet (Oct. 8, 10).—L. Klein, ee Untersuch-

n tuber Organbildung und Wachsthum am Vegetationspunkt
dorsiventraler Farne.’—A. Hansen, ‘Ueber das § Chilo y der
— WM. Reess, ‘ Ueber systematische Stellung der

Hefepilze.’ — (Oct G. Wiesner, ‘Einige neue Thatsachen,
welche zur mechani hen Erklirung der ae ic piensa n und

ull, Torrey Bot. Club (Sept.\. — ry: H. Redfield, ‘fuciat C
radii and its localities.’

Flora (Oct. 1).—K. Goebel, ‘ Tetramywxa Parente. (1 plate).—
(Oct. 11). L. Celakovsky, ‘Neue Thymi a s Sintensis Iter tro-
janum (Zhymus puisinste, fis hurmilinas, 7 saleta icatus, T'. Sintenisii,
ap nn. — (Oct. 21). F. Arnold, ‘Die Lichenen des frinkischen

352 BOTANICAL NEWS.

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Oct. 4).— Clerodendron illustre, N. H. Br.,
Piper ornatum . Br., spp. nn.; Berries of Gar rya — (ig
75); Garden Palme: W. G. Smith, ‘ Disease alm pes
lozzia phenicis Vize), figs. 76-78 ; Po lyp odi um ig are var. ae

g. 79).

Scilla Bellii Baker, n. sp. ; Parrotia persica (figs. 89, 90).—(Oet. 25),
Dendrobium ft kee Rehb. f., n.sp.; J. G. Baker, ‘Notes on
cultivated Ast

Journal of oe si Soy, Society. —J. H. L. Flégel, ‘ Re-
searches on Structure of cell-walls of Diatoms’ (tt. 9-11).

Knowledge (Oct. 8).—Grant Sex ‘Grass of Parnassus.’

Magyar Novénytani Lapok (Oct.).— Memoir of Bentham. — L.
Sitikovics, * Asperula strictissima "Sha r! A. rubioides Schur! és
Erdély flordjinak Galium-fajai.

Midland Naturalist. — W. H. Wilkinson, | Ricasolia amplissima
(1 plate).—H. P. Reader, < ener ia vulgaris.’ —W. B. Grove ‘On
the Pilobolide’ (cont.).— J. EK. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’
(cont. : Orchidee—Liliacee es

Nature.—(Oct; 2). Memoir of a Bentham.
; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.— I. Nico ‘Elementi statistici della
flora wcikinn” — L. Macchiati, « caer di rs delle piante.’
R. Pirotta, ‘ Breve notizia sul Cystopus capparidis

CEsterr, Bot. Zeitschrift. — J. L. Holuby, ‘ rar octiface Flech-
ten.’—A. Hausgirg, ‘ “Sane gat ad —B. Blocki, ‘ Zur
von Galizien.’ — . Formdnek, ‘Flora der Beskiden ’ (cont.).—
J. Ullepitsch, Memoir of Each Rochel (b. 18 June, 1770, d.
12. Mate: 1847).—P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (cont.).

Pharmaceutical Journal (Oct, 18). oO T. T. Dyer, ‘ Collection
of Gum Seren in Crete.’ —(Oct. 25). J. Moeller, ‘ Chaul-

e

Scottish Naturalist. —J, W.H. Trail, ‘Two new British Usti-
ginese’ (Entorrhiza cypericola and Melanotonium endogenum). —Id.
‘Casuals and introduced plants in N.E. Scotland.’ — G. C. Dru rice,
‘ Botanical Work of G. Don’ (conel.).—J. Reith, ‘Fungi of Moray.’

BOTANICAL NEWS.
We learn that it is pronnees to place some memorial of Mr.
Bentham in the Herbarium at Kew, the scene of his botanical
labours. Such a pttioct cannot fail to receive the support of

y
lington Street, Strand, W.C., or with the Editor of this Jo
18, West Square, Southwark, S.E.

858

THE LATE GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RB.S.
By B. D. Jackson, Src. L.S.

(Wire Porrrarr). -

his decease. The short account which we here present to our
readers has been drawn up from recently published material, and
from memory of conversations, extending over some years, with the
deceased botanist.

Gzorcz Breyrnam was born at Stoke, in Hampshire, a village
near Portsmouth, on September 22nd, 1800, the Coronation Day
of George III., so that he was accustomed to say that when he
was a boy, a royal salute used to be fired on his birthday. He was
the second son of General (afterwards Sir Samuel) Bentham, and
the eldest daughter of Dr. George Fordyce. In 1805 General
Bentham was sent by the English Government to St. Petersburg,
Where the family resided until 1807; here George acquired his
knowledge of the Russian and Scandinavian langua

Plan which at once commended itself to his methodical mind.
Gathering the first plant he saw, he tried to run it down by the aid
of the book, and was long hindered by the articulation of the
Stamens of his subject, Salvia pratensis; but persevering, he
succeeding in determining it, and his success induced him to prose-
cute the stud

854 ' GEORGE BENTHAM.

some years before. Under his close methodical application the
farms and vineyards rapidl improved, and were very profital le,
but he did not neglect his botany, for he found time for herboriza-
tions in the Pyrenees and the Cevennes, and spare hours were
given to translating his uncle Jeremy Bentham’s Chrestomathia
into French.

small importance. During these six years his life was one 0
incessant mental activity. Besides the work he accomplished for

n 1827 he published his « Outlines of a new System of Logic,”
with a criticism of Dr. Whateley’s Elements, in which the
doctrine of the quantification of the predicate is for the first tame
set forth ; only a few copies of this work were disposed of, when
the publishers’ failed, and the stock was sold as waste paper. Pro-
ably it was owing to this that not until 1850 was Bentham’s dis-
covery recognised in the ‘Atheneum’ for December 31st, and a
dispute as to Sir William Hamilton’s claims to the same was
raised, but has been adjudicated in favour of Bentham. :
In 1826 he was elected Fellow of the Linnean Society, and in
the following year was proposed by Robert Brown for the Royal
Society, but withdrew his candidature in common with several
other scientific men, on the election of a President not in accord-
ance with their views.

GEORGE BENTHAM. _ 855

In 1829 he undertook the Secretaryship of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society, at a period when by excessively wasteful expendi-
ture the Society was reduced to a very low ebb. Being a common
friend of Joseph Sabine, the Honorary Betting and Dr. John
Lindley, the Assistant- peor he took up the burden at their
bd en ail and only laid it down in 1840, when the gg

ad be

Bentham in the ace 8 ebook oe. The Chiswick fétes, too,
were instituted whilst Mr. Bentham was Secretary, the firs t being
held on April 8rd, 1882, 1700 people being present.
attended the gathering of savants at Hamburgh in

Sicatiy to his delight, as — by his pleasant sig A aie of ri
after the lapse of half a centt

y the publication of hin, first important botanical work,
‘Labiatarum Genera et Species,’ 1832—36, he made his mark in
the scientifie world. The order needed a m onographer of Bentham’s
— and po eee mind for sorting it into methodic arrange-

me iy —_

ars a. he married the daughter of Sir Harford
Brydges, of “Boattthrooks and the next year removed to his late
uncle’s house in Queen-square Place, where he resided till 1842,
when he left London for Pontrilas House, Herefordshire. Here
he continued to work unremittingly upon botany, adding to his
herbarium and library, as every naturalist must do if far removed
om great centres of scientific ee until in 1854, when he
found that his expenses were increasing beyond his means. He
therefore determined to present his silleotone of plants and books
to the Royal Gardens at Kew, and returning himself to London.
Shortly — this he took = his quarters at 25, Wilton Place, an
resided there until his h
Henceforward, until the end of last dy he pursued the same
quiet method: leaving home a few minutes after nine, he drove to
Vauxhall, proceeding thence by rail to Kew, where he worked from
= ton nearly ne in the afternoon, returning by the same way he
came. On his arrival at home he devoted be hour or more to
writing out haitly. his notes of work done during the day, and ayes
dined. His meals were breakfast and dinner, separated a
have seen by a long interval, and he never broke his fast at ‘thas
times, nor was he at any time other than a spare eater
his Phe course of life bg varied by a two months’ holiday
in the autumn of each year, in the country or abroad; and each
Thur ursday he ake, to me affaire of the Linnean Society, whilst

doscciboa above, he took in hand the Flora of Hong Kong, the
inauguration of the Colonial Floras, which have from time to time

356 GEORGE BENTHAM.

been issued under the auspices of the authorities at Kew. That
finished, he undertook and completed the description of the plants

examination, of the known genera of phan n
1860, the first part was issued in 1862, and finally brought to a
conclusion mediately after the conclusion of this

uccession to Prof. Bell, and for thirteen years he devoted much
time to the routine duties of his post, taking on his own shoulders

Society, and ries of anniversary addresses, which were
turn looked forward to by the body of Fellows as a most important
factor in the day’s proceedi His last published paper came

work contributed by Sir J. D. Hooker and himself to the ‘ Genera
antarum,’

m,’ and upon his death he was found to have bequeathed

coveted,

_ Dr. Kanitz has prepared an elaborate bibliography, published
in ‘Magyar Névénytani Lapok’ for September and October, but
it 18 worth reminding our readers that extracts from letters sent
to Sir William Hooker, relating his doings abroad, were published,
as “Irom an eminent botanist’ without the name.* They form
im some measure a chapter of autobiography, and are especially
interesting when Bentham tells how he has settled down for a
winter’s work at Vienna, the result of which was his Paper on
‘ Leguminose in the Ann. Wiener Museums.’+

* Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii, 74—78; 187—191. Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1840),
103—118. Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot y. (1846), 524—534; vi., 43—54.

t Nature, Oct. 2, 1884, pp. 589543. Gard. Chron., Sept. 20, 1884, pp. 368—
370. Magyar Névénytani Lapok, Sept., Oct., pp. 97—108.

B57

ON SENECIO SPATHULAFOLIUS.
By C. a Basineton, F, ne Ss.

re-examination of the evidence leads me to believe that our plant
and that of DeCandolle a Np entical. It is a plant which varies
considerably according to age and possibly ghiaton. The speci-
mens sent to our herbaria aie the Continent rarely possess the
beautiful radical leaves of the young plants. These leaves seem no

plant FL Bot. Zeit. 1828, p. Fig} is admirable That Preteen
Pare not seen, but in his Fl. Germ v. (ed. 1, 384, and ed.
, 424), he gives a very Cae ae oti: mo our a nt, and quotes

but i ed by

Sturm in 1839 1 called (. spathulafolia Gm), This nlite of
turm I have no aut Z epresents our plant, and it is quoted by
DeCandolle to his S. spathulafoliue (Prodr. vi., 362). DeCandolle’s
Specimens also were sent to him Koch. The figure published
by Reichenbach fil. (Icon. Fl. Germ., xvi., t. 978, I.), is not nearly
y 40). as that given by his peg in the : Teonographia ’ (t. 126,

Si
at
ay
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—
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tc
oO
—
fa}
>So
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="
ce
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=
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s
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campestris of our chalk hills. The two gti seem to me to be

Ways quite distinct. We also received at our botanic garden, a
living plant named S. spathulefolius, from Mr. Leichtlin, of Baden,
which flowered there and then died. It appeared to me to be
exactly the same as the plant from Holyhead.

Koch and Nyman consider the S. sprig te of DeCandolle
to be the C. lanceolata of Lamarck (Fl. Fr. eve ut DeCandolle
nowhere quotes that name, not even in his Bai all., published
in the name of Lamarck and himself. As we, es owever, refer our
Plant to Senecio, there is no question of the priority of DeCandolle’s
name. If the plant is placed in the genus Cineraria, and it is
indeed the same as that of Lamarck, then its name will be
lanceolata Lam., as it is in Nyman (p. 852). But I trust that
DeCandolle is correct in neglecting thats name of Lamarck, as a less
applicable one could not easily be found.

ho a aed now shown good reason for retaining the
name of S. spathulefolius for our plant, and that it is identical with
that so faced DeCandolle.

858 ON CYPERUS BULBOSUS VAHL.

What appears to be our plant has been sent to Mr. Backhouse
from the Continent as C. capitata. But the C. capitata (Wahl.), is
8S. aurantiacus (3. of Reichenbach (Iconog., t. exxviii., figs. 248 and
244), which is quoted by Reichenbach fil. as S. aurantiacus, and is
i ouse

C. capitata appears to be only a rayless state of C. aurantiaca, as it
is understood to be by most, if not all authors. It has the “flores
rubro-aurantiaci” of C. aurantiaca, but not usually the radiant
florets.

C. capitata of Hoppe is a rayless form of C. pratensis (Hoppe).
It is figured by Reichenbach (Iconog. t. cix., f. 219). 1 have a

plant.

I am greatly indebted to Mr. Backhouse for allowing me to
examine the specimen sent to him

ON CYPERUS BULBOSUS Vanu.—THE « SILANDI
ARISI” OF §. MADRAS AND CEYLON.

By Henry Tren, M.B., F.L.S.

* Journ. Linn. Soe, xxx. pp. 1—202.
+ L.e., polis.
} Descript. & Il. PL, p. 25, tab. viii. fig. 1.
Obs. Bot. iv., p. 11.
|| Koenig visited Ceylon in the early part of 1781.

ON CYPERUS BULBOSUS VAHL. B59

bulbs were eaten by the natives; and his specimen in the British
Museum Herbarium leaves no doubt as to = a hie the
* Silandi arisi.”’ That Tamil name is not how ned

him ; but it is given, as ‘“‘ Sheelandéi Arin0g; “i ‘Ainslie’ 8 seacustie
‘Materia Medica of Hindostan’ \18138).* The name of pe species
he foll

is there recorded as ‘‘ Cyperus geminatus, sp. nov.,” aa t owing
information is given about it:—‘ This was first slate to the
notice of Kuropeans by the late Dr. James Ander rson, who, in an

=f im
sandy situations by the sea-side and requiring i little water, | was
the common food of the natives during famine and when other
gfaims are scarce. It is nutritious, sleet te the taste, and

plant wherever ~ thought, from their particular qualities, they
would be benefici

The Rgtanioal gan in this book are, as is well known,
due to Dr. Rottler; and the name C. geminatus appears on aye

ew) thus :—‘‘ C. geminatus, Schreber in litteris, + witha ort MS.
description, ARE es the specific aan to be derived from the
elets ‘‘sepius geminatis.” other specimen is labelled

radices sa grana tuberosa odalia Silendi arisi dicta.”’ Though
Schreber’s name was never published with a description, it occurs
in Moon’s < aE ak “of Ceylon Plants,’} and the specimen
ae om) of Wallich, No. 3317 B is labelled “CO, geminatus,

re this, Vahl, in 1806,§ published his C. bulbosus, with a
very full deseri iption, which undoubtedly refers to our pla nt. He
Considers OC. jeminicus Rottb., an entirely different species’ || and has

me critical Sheeryaons on it, apparen ade from actual
examination of the typical peaunens of Forskil. He adds that

ieee Thonning and Kon
in 1839 another and very sae name was bestowed on
the = ener ‘i bulbiferus ‘“ Retz.” Dietrich does not say whence
he o ained t his name of Retzius. It is probable that, subse-

coe OOO,
+, cates Schrader, is a very different Brazilian species.
, 2.6.

§ Enum. — ii., p. 342.
I| 2 ¢., p, 325,
7 Scie, Syn, Plant, i., p. 222,

360 ON CYPERUS BULBOSUS VAHL.

different from the Arabian one of Rottbdll, and gave it another
name; but it does not appear to have been published before
Dietrich’s book. :

vi

n what part
of India he had met with it, but it may be presumed to have been
the north part of the Coromandel coast

Clarke places C. bulbosus (C. jemenicus) in the typical series of
his section ** Corymbosi,”’ principally characterized by being leafy
plants with a perennial (usually creeping) rhizome ; on the one
side its neighbours are C. tenuiflorus Rottb., C. stoloniferus Retz., C.

Hach individual of C. bulbosus is as strictly an annual as other
proliferous bulbous plants, such as many Alliums, of which it has
completely the structure. It is often customary to term such

* In Wight, Contrib., p. 80.
+ Linnea xxxvi., p. 300, n. 238.
{ Fi. Ind. i., p. 191. :
§ I do not, however, find the name « Puri-gaddi” nor the plant mentioned in
Elliott’s ‘ Flora Andhrica.’
|| Enum, Plant. ii., p. 58.
J Enum. PI. Zeyl., p. 343.
** A, Richard, Fl. Abyss. ii., 509,

_ ON CYPERUS BULBOSUS VAHL, 861

be sessile there, but much more often terminate very eis er but
tough flagelliform thread- like. ladiats, which are three or four
inches long and often numerous from the scale-axils. I am qnite
at a loss to guess what is intended by Mr. Clarke's figures,* which
are said to represent the rhizome of C. jemenicus, and are described
at page 4 of his paper. The size of the bulbils is pretty uniform,
about three-eighths of an inch long, and their structure somewhat
like that of the pet, with two or three external hairs or blank
papery scales; the inner ones, however, are thick, white, crisp and
eshy, forming a solid sweet edible kernel. The Latter of

el Coa
The preparation = the ‘‘ Silandi Arisi’’ for food in Ceylon is
simple enough. The bulbils are separated from the sand by a
a fire, the sa

They are eaten in this state, or more often made into flour by

— them for three hours and then pounding; for the flour
mall cakes or puddings are prepared. There is no aromatic

sat in these little starchy bulbils, as in the tubers of C.

rotundus

From this latter abundant and pestilent weed, with its branched

tuberous rhizome, there can be no difficulty in

Tacemose, with the | onset spikelets well above those of the lowe
branchlets, which are rarely elongated, the outline of the bellowed
ns being saree ovoid, with the divaricate sessile spikelets

sually in pai

* Lic. tii, figs. 17, 18.

362

FERNS COLLECTED IN COSTA RICA BY
MR. P. G. HARRISON.

By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.

Tue following is a list of the species contained in a collection
of ferns made recently amongst the mountains of the interior of
Costa Rica, at an elevation above sea-level of from 1000 to 5000
feet, by Mr. P. G. Harrison, who is now on a visit to this country.
As so little is known about the botany of that region, it is to be
hoped that he will carry forward his explorations. The numbers
prefixed to the novelties indicate their position according to
sequence in our ‘ Synopsis Filicum.’

Gleichenia pubescens, H. B. K.—G. revoluta, H. B. K.

‘ Adiantum concinnum, H.B.K.—A. macrophyllun Sw.—A. Kaul-
JFussii Kunze.—A. tetraphyllum Willd.—A. intermedium Sw. A
illd.

‘4 ‘
‘Synopsis Filicum.’— A. cultrifolium L.—A. pumilum Sw.—A.
bissectum Sw.— A. formosum Willd. — A. furcatum Thunb.—A.
(Diplazium) sylvaticum Presl.— aA. (Diplazium) Shepherdi Spreng.—
A, eiplamian) arboreum Willd.—A. (Diplazium) costale Sw.
IPLA!

*
S
q

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at
:
g
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we
i]
2
ev)
&
B
wm
rd
°
°
a
er
3
ye
Bb
S

lower diplazioid. Indusium broad, firm, glabrous, persistent.
ay 7 Malayan A. pallidum Blume.
x

seen. tipe naked, greenish brown, 4-6 in. ‘ am
oblong-lanceolate, simply pinnate, bright green on both surfaces,
glabrous, moderately firm in texture, 1}-14 ft. long. 5-6 in. :

apex of the frond, all sessile, lanceolate, acuminate, the largest

3-3} in. long, }—§ in. broad above the dilated base, deeply serrated,
especially towards the tip, auricled on both sides at the base, the
and i

ER
FERNS COLLECTED IA {Costa RICA BY MR. P, G. HARRISON. 363

lowest diplazioid. Indusi ium narrow, glabrous, persistent. Allied

to the Indian 4. porrectum Wall, and A, —— Hook.

Aspidium aculeatun Sw., var. phegopteroideum Baker. — A.
trifoliatum Ws

ee conterminum Desvy.—N. patulum Baker.—wN. effusum

158*Nephrodium ger ee stenophyllum B =
n. — —Rootstock not seen. Stipe s lender, naked, greenish, 5-6 in

ong. Lamina lanceolate, simply pinnatifid, moderately firm in
texture, bright green on both surfaces, hairy on the main veins
below, 6-8 in. lo ong, 4-3 in. broad, tapering pet A from the
middle to both base and apex, the semicircular marginal lobes } in.
broad, reaching a third of the way down to the rachis. Veins 6-7.
jugate opposite the lobes in the centre of the frond, arcuate, —
the groups joining towards the margin. Sori small, r ound, one
each a medial on the veins. Involucre minute, hispid, oe
Allied to the Guatemalan N. Skinneri and the West Indian
N, Saecm.

221*Nephrodium (Saget) athyrioides Baker, n.
Stipe slender, fragile, castaneous, naked, 4-6 in. long. Plentins
deltoid, moderat tely firm in texture, bright green ‘and glabrous on

th surfaces, 9-12 in. long and broad, with a deeply pinnatifid
apex with large lanceolate cae aiyd lobes, a nd on each side of the
Castaneous rachis 1-8 petioled free pinne, the lowest deeply
ay ot een fe on the lower side, with several large reer

men Veins astomosing copiously in small irregular
sisi tk copious free included veinlets. Sori mainly in Bedi

Nephrolepis cordifolia Presl.

80*Polypodium (Gonropreris) heterophlebium Baker. n. sp.
=\Rivotetock and stipe not seen. Lamina oblong-lanceolate, simply
pinnate, membranous, bright green on bots surfaces, pubescent on
the main ribs beneath, 15-18 long, 8-9 in. broad, Pinne 8-9 pairs
below the pinnatifid apex, all sessile, distant, all except the lowest
furnish = with a large decurrent base with a rounded auriele at the

top ; ral lower pinne 5-6 in. long, 1-11 in. broad, acuminate,
distinetly « crenate. Main veins erecto-patent, ren si 4 in.
art .

Nearest P. reas but very different by its decurrent pinne
and the irregularity of their apical anastomos

‘S7*Polypodiua. (DrcrvopreRis) phececiite Baker, n. sp. —
Stipe naked, castaneous, fragile, 4 ft. long. Lamina deltoid,
moderately firm in texture, here and g glabrou us on both s priori.

. large lanceolate segments, abe single pair of free shortly- ‘petioled
inne with short lobes on the upper and larger ones on the |

s {9
ad

864 ORCHIDACEAS EPIPHYTICAS NAS NOVAS.

sides. Veins anastomosing copiously in hexagonal areole with
copious free included veinlets. Sori very irregular in size and
shape, sometimes of 1-2 sporangia only, sometimes of a globose
mass on the top of a free veinlet, but sometimes forming irregular
masses on the anastomosing veins. Habit of Aspidium trifoliatum.

Polypodium elasticum Rich.—P. Friedrichsthalianum Kunze.—
P. (Goniopteris) loriceum L. — P. (Goniopteris) plesiosorum Kunze.
P. (Phlebodium) aureum L. var.—P. (Campyloneuron) lavigatum Cav.
P. (Camploneuron) repens L.—P. (Phymatodes) percussum Cav.

Gymnogramme calomelanos Kaulf. Both the type and var. chryso-
phylla.—G. tartarea Desy.

Anemia oblongifolia Sw.—A. hirsuta Sw.—A. Phyllitidis Sw.

ORCHIDACEAS EPIPHYTICAS. BINAS NOVAS
DEScRiIBIT Henr. EF’. Hance.

1. Cleisostoma formosanum. — Foliis carnosis introveniis
loratis carinatis apice profunde obligue retusis sinu mucrone
arvo m is 6 po

ope Tam-sui, ins. Formose, m. Junio 1884, detexit C. Ford.
(Herb. propr. n. 22256.)
_, Maxime affine C. cerino Hance.

_ s
pedicellor umque ovatis in acumen sphacelatum attenuatis, pedicellis
dissitis patentibus 8-9 lin. longis basi articulatis, floribu i
diametro, sepalis cerinis longitudinaliter sanguineo-striatis 2 lin,
longis postico oblongo lateralibus falcatis basi cum labelli ungue in
mentum breve connatis, petalis sepalis concoloribus anguste

pur
conspicuo intus vacuo lamina sanguineo-purpurea postice in
cari i i

FOUR NEW CHINESE CHSALPINIER, 865

pulvinulo ex pilis albis brevibus conflato adaucta antice lunato-
biloba cornubus deorsum productis margine pulcherrime ciliato-
fimbriata, columna —— rostello elongato, polliniis 2 ellipsoideis
seem loriformi affixi
In arboribus jugi Te fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis, m. Aug. 1888,
coll. cl. C. Ford. (Herb. propr. n. 22249.
pecies nostra a charactere Benthamiano columne forma
recedit ; sed, ex mea sententia, recentiores botanici nimio equius
genera jam inter Orchideaceas notis levioris momenti —_—
nec hee differentia ad plantam chinensem, aliis quidem notis
genere cui eam adscripsi bene concordantem, secernendam cndinaen
censeo. Utriusque plante supra descripte exemplaria viva florida
aminavi.

FOUR NEW CHINESE CASALPINIEZA.
UCL By H. F. Hance, Ph.D., F.L.S., &.

I. Cesalpinia (Guianpina) minax. — Frutescens, diffusa,
aculeis rectis uncinatisque armata, ue ie foliis isque preter novellos
primum Bales os glaberrimis, stipulis ad utrumque latus binis

vis, unica bipartita) subulatis gia, folii abrupte

ugis

jugis brevissime pe oat oblique ovato-lanceolatis setaceo-

apiculatis tenuibus 1-14 poll. longis 8 lin. latis, racemis ifloris

basi paniculatis rachi ferrugineo-tomentosa, bracteis oblongis

acuminatis tomentosis pollicaribus 5 lin. latis, pedicellis 8 lin.

longis cum calyce pallide ferrugineo-tomento oe calycis tubo late
: ; .

paulo breviorum filamentis inferne dense villosis, ovario dense
echinulato, stylo stamina paulo excedente glaberrimo, pei aia e
rm

us botuliformibus anthracinis nitentibus 9 lin. ec 4 lin.

uxt ae Shiu-hing, secus fl. North River, sesh Can-
tonensis, Setasitar vy. R. H. Graves. (Herb. propr. n. 2228
most lenctng pee. remarkable as a singularly jee
member of the small era o which it belongs, es widely
from C. Bondue Roxb.! and C. Bonducelia Flem.! by its spiniform
stipules, very large bracts and flowers, white and purple petals,
7-seeded legumes and the colour and shape of its seeds. I have
Seatitied it fect specimens raised from seeds gathered by Dr.
raves. In ae Hongkong Coden it flowers in April, and ripens
its fruit in July.
we) Il. Pterolobium subvestitum. — Ramulis rachi foliorum

866 FOUR NEW CHINESE C#SALPINIER.

primaria foliolorumque pagina superiore ferrugineo- tomentelis,
pinnis 8—9-jugis oblique oblongis apice rotundatis costa in arist
haud excurrente basi cra productis saturate viridibus antia
dense ferrugineo-tomentosis 4} lin. longis sesquilineam_latis,
racemis amplis paniculatis, pedicellis capillaribus 5 lin. longis,
leguminibus ... . ?
In jugo Lo-fau- vans prov. es ena m. Sept. 1888, leg.
rev. E. Faber. (Herb. propr. n. 2229
This seems to me abundantly distinot as a species from P.
indicum s Rich.!, by the much larger number of the leaflets, their
greater thickness, darker colour, very marked obliquity at the base,
and by their thickly tomentose under surface
Ue IIL. Gymnocladus Williamsii.—Ramulis foliisque puberulis
is simpliciter abrupte pinnatis 4- emery petiolo seta trilineali deter-
minato, foliolis suboppositis tenuibus oblique oblongis setaceo-
acuminatis basi obtusis inequaliter c erenatis tenuiter reticulatis

ribus folio equilongis laxe multifloris, floribu ellis fili-
formibus 2-linealibus suffultis, — ae infundibulari 2-lineari
laciniis subulati tis 2 uilongis um pe Pa yeps: petalis

rraciibinesa Pivienatee m. Junio, 186 soils cute Dr.
8. W. Williams, illustris sinologus, cui pio net insignem hane
plantam dedico. (Herb. propr. n. 12557.)
I have only male specimens of this plant, which, by the texture
and size nf the leaflets and the elongated ares , is much more
nearly to G, canadensis Linn.! than to G. chinensis Baill. !,

received my specimens, and whose own Ja apanese collections, made
many years ago, contributed so largely to demonstrate the close rela-
tionship between the Atlantic-American and East-Asiatic Floras.
att ab Gleditschia Pp re ebay —_ pe er robustis com-
positis

rigidis oblongis rectis plano-compressis apice acutis apiculatis basi
sensim in stipitem longiusculum attenuatis 9 poll. longis 14 poll.
latis, seminibus pluribus haud prominulis.

In collibus agri Shan ehaiensis, m. Octobri, 1881, coll. T. L.
Bullock. (Herb. propr. n, 2295

I have not seen the Pasa of this, but it. is evidently he
distinct from G. sinensis Lam. !, by the far closer an

extremely woody texture of the legume, which is in no way
torulose from the pressure of the seeds on the otha and is
gradually attenuated from a distinct seedless base into a long stalk.

367

ADDITIONS TO THE RECORDED FLORA OF SKYE.
By tHe Revs. W. R. Linton, M.A., ann E. F. Linton, M.A.

Tue following is one result of a week’s work in the Island
of Skye aE ias 104, “North Ebudes”), at the beginning of
' August this year; and judging from what we saw ‘ae what we left

till much room fi
further discoveries, bi pear | n some of the less frequented parts
of the Island. The cai has usually been given, where the
Species was only seen plac As a safeguard against error,
questionable plants were mete to Mr. Arthur Bennett.

Raphanus Raphanistrum L.

Cochlearia officinalis L. Both forms, C. littoralis a C. alpina
were observed ; the aggregate has been recorded befor

Viola tricolor L. Here , again, the mone has Gant recorded.
We gathered both V. ay ensis and V. tricolor, the latter rather
plentiful near Uig.—V. lutea Huds., var. amena. This occupied
some waste ground, fede washed by a strea

Drosera obovata M. & K. This is no new ment having been
observed, I believe, by Professor Lawson: but it is not mentioned
for 104 in the ‘ Topographical Botany.’ We gathered it in boggy

ound near the river Sligachan, where it grew in about equal

pete with D. anglica Huds.; D. roomate L., was also

som depressa Wender. Not vars co
Cerastium alpinum L. var. pubescens. asian Hills. The -
pe ene: has been a ‘before. We saw none of the usual

Spergularia neglecta Syme, E.B. Shore of bay, Uig.—S. mar-
ginata ere e, E.B. Shore of bay, Uig.
r Pseudo-platanus ee Introduced.

T rifolium hybridum L., and Es procumbens L. Waste ground, Uig.

Agrimonia or ange . ar Portree.

Rubus corylifolius Vig. “ie saw one other form at Uig,
which looked like var. conjunges and another single bush, near
_ Portree, which might have been R. Lindleianus, of posits R. affinis
W. & These were the paste seccoys Rubi noticed.

Rosa mollissina Willd.—R. dumalis Bechst. Kae Portree. R.
subcristata Baker. Near Uig.

axifraga sponhemica Guiak In small quantity, with S. hyp-
noides I., growing near, at the base of the higher rocks at the
Quiraing. (Mr. A, Bennett agrees to this naming).
ee Succisa L. Very common all alii “the valley of the

Sligac

Carduus Modis ‘Fr requent near
Gnaphalium suleancwrs, L _ pa ie L. Searce; on the
Seetulign le 8, at

3868 ADDITIONS TO THE RECORDED FLORA OF SKYE.

All three nono appeared to be represented ; but var. anita was
most freque

Leo ae autumnalis L., var. pratensis. Frequent between Uig
and the Quiraing ; se — more plentiful than the type, which
has been already rec

Taraxacum officinale Wigg., var. palustre. The Quirat

acutifolium. Stony ground near stream, Uig.—H. iricum Fries.

Rocky stream, Sligachan.—- H. pallidum Fries. Uig and the

uiraing. — H. crocatum Fries. Near Uig. (Two other Hieracia

were found and taken to be H. cesium and H. gothicum; but as
. Bennett was not able to russe in the naming of these two,

they are referred to Mr. J. Backhouse.)

Fraxinus anette L. Seemed nate a

Mimulus luteus L. Well-established in a wet piece of grassy
ground, Broadford.

Veronica agrestis L. Doubtfully native.

Thymus Chamedrys Fries. On steep sloping banks north of Uig
Bay, in rote es Orobanche rubra Sma., which grew plentifully
upon it this

Galenius ver ersaarst Curt. In a cultivated field, Broadford.

Myosotis repens Don. Sligachan.—M. versicolor Reich

Polygonum Convolvulus LL. Waste ground, Uig.—P. aviculare
var. littorale. Uig.

Fagus rn L. Obviously introduced.

Populus nigra Li. Obviously introduced. N.B. P. tremula Li.
seemed wae. ‘at home, never rising into a tree, but growing as a
shrub, a dwarf tree, out of the rocky sides of streams near
Sligachan.

Salix alba L., and S. a L. Both introduced.—S. einer
iis Sligachan.—S. laurina Sm. Near Portree.—S. phylicifolia is

fruit.
eet oe affine Schneiz. Peaty pool, between Uig and the

ing.
"Orehis mascula L. Rocky ledge, Quiraing.
Habenaria bifolia Bab. Man. Sligachan; only one plant seen.
saree ovata Brown. A few plants, high up on a grassy ¢

Lightt tf.
Eriophorum oibieialle ‘ie Slig:
Carex limosa L. (proper). neon oy River Sligachan. The
gregate N was a —C. precox Jacq. — ear ae

Slignshan:

DESCRIPTIO NOVI GENERIS RUBIACEARUM. .. 869

Avena pubescens L. Uig to Quirain
cota vulgaris With var. pale. Grassy slopes of the

: Poa oa alpina Li. =A small mpage was found on the Cuchullin
Hills, ne: 27080280 0 ft.— is Saerets var. glaucantha Reich,
Mr. B —— so seat oe grass

estuca ovina , glance ca. In some quantity near Vig
tinging the bank So the tee — a gg with its glaucous hue,—
F, ovina L, ., Var. major. The

Nephrodium Filia-mas, var. Borreri. Also gathered near Strome
t).

Equisetum limosum, b. fluviatile, near Quirain ng.

Chara fetida Braun., var. Broadford, in a pool near the s
This Mr. A. Bennett considers to be form longifolia Sostgtnscieoie:

and agg of it as peculiar in having many of the branchlets
ecorticat

Nitellg opaca Ag. Growing in a little loch, below the rocks
of the Quiraing; and also in a moorland pool of very small
dimensions between Uig and the Quiraing, on the watershed. In
the latter case we should have been uncertain about its identity,
without Mr. A. Bennett’s opinion on it, on account of its eee
growth. The plant _ the general appearance of the ety
attenuata H. & J. Gro

—

DESCRIPTIO NOVI GENERIS RUBIACEARUM
a Rev. B. Scorrecuin1, F.L.S.

Creaghia, n. g.—(Ord. Rubiacew. Trib. Cinchonee. Subord.
Hilliew) —Calycis tubus obconicus compressus ; limbus 4-5 parti-

bus, caducus, lobo uno post anthesin in laminam foliaceam pro-
ducto. Corolle lobi 4-5 ad basim partiti, apice imbricati, breviter
contorti, demum reflexi. Stamina 4-3, filamentis in alabas

0

Supra stigma armatis, flore expanso reflexis, antheris bilocularibus
partitis, versatilibus, post anthesin recurvis. Discus

leviter convexus, medio cavus. ce 2-loculare ; sete brevis,
stigmatio apice 2. -partito, lobo majore in minorem reclinan
ovula numerosa placentis sisbantibous septo peltatim iiteeas in-
Serta, imbricata, ascendentia. Capsula..... Semina ala tenui
vennlosa circumdata. Arbor haud gn ramulis teretibus. Folia
SPposita. Stipule elliptic ee alabastro coalite. = lores

ipso insi iter " din itur dacs a : tol
omnibus nie | ad basin ae filamentis basi corolle ae satpcis

Journan or Borany.—Vou. 22. [Dxcumper, 1884.)

S70 .. A NEW SPECIES OF ALBUCA FROM ADEN.

limbo partito, inflorescentia axillari, patria. Majori distantia
recedit ab omnibus aliis congeneribus ejusdem subtribus. Nomen
Creaghia huic generi indidi ab illustri viro C. V. Creagh, qui dum
botanicam rem studiose fovet, de ea bene meretur.

C. fagreeaopsis. — Ar bor facie Fagree, glabra, excepta
minuta lanugine calycis ac petalorum, usque ad 40 paras foliis
late obovatis emarginatis coriaceis, integerrimis 8-10" 6”
latis, _ robusto 1” longo, superne nitidis, enfin anil

rimariis nervis utrinque promingatibue. Panicule foliis paullo

longioribus, pedunculis primariis ac secundariis longis, pedicellis
circiter 3” longis. Calycis lobi triangularés salvati post anthesin
reflexl mox perituri unam lineam metientes, parce memos
lamina lobi minus obovata pallida nervis prominu ulis percursa 1”

lata corolle lobis breviora, cum iis in expansione eee stellatim
atentia, ac pariter haud aliis persistentia. Discus expansus Vix
gabe. in insertione filamenti. Stylus glaber ; stiginatibias pariter
glabris
In humidosis sry civitatem Thaiping, juxta flumen Larut in
Peninsula Malayan

A NEW SPECIES OF ALBUCA FROM ADEN.
By H. N. Rivtey, M.A., F.L.S.

section to which it belongs is iypieslyy a Tropical African one, and
it seems most nearly aaa to A. abyssinica Jacq.

Albuca Yerburyi, n. sp.—Bulbus...... Folia linearia
janechtata basi hispida, 14. ancialia, 8 3-4 in lata. Scapus plus quam
9-uncialis, racemus laxus, Flores 9 vel ultra, sage pedi-

cellati ; pediceli tenues 1-uncia longi, bracter mbranacee
lanceolat gg: acuminate, quam pedicelli lo san vix semi-

latiora obtusa, i i omnia fertilia quam petala paullo breviora,
filamenta basi dilatata complanata, supra filiformia, pist illum
staminibus equale; we filiformis — ovarium ovoideum

Aden. — Yerbury, 1884, No. 7 in Herb. Mus. Brit.
‘Flowers yellow. Only found within the last 200 ft. ‘of the
Shum-Shum Range. Flowers in Marcel.”

TO

871

PLANTS RECORDED IN WESTERNESS ADDITIONAL
‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY,’

By rae Revs. W. RB. Lanron, M.A.. ano E. F. Linton, M.A.
Tue serrate plants were all gathered, during August of this

Wi mall area south of Loch
ei Geitioca: and will need few special rem
collected near the pier, at the entrance of Loc h

pee in the cine
A fe

0)
gathered during the next day (Saturday) and the morning of Monday,

in the neighbourhood of

Teachus, a branch of wee et Mos

oA the ‘list :

C

Raphanus Raphanistrum L.
ee rvensis Li.
officinale Scop.
a officinale Brown.
oc

erastium pie isrtae Thuil.
Stellaria Holostea Li
Sagina ibaa a — S. no-
dosa Me eyer
Sperguaria marginata Syme, H.B.
"sibel tetrapterum Fries.
— molle L.— G. Roberti-

Acer Pe ictones L. Repro-
ducing itself, as usual, Gaaly.

Potentilla Anserina L.

G. interme-
dium Ehrh. At ates also
: a Strome Ferry, West Ross.

oe gem al. It is perhaps
Worth th mentioning that R&.
Sabini grew here in small

Rahoy, a _ situate close to Loch

are what we should call

Great care has been taken to asi errors 4 creeping
and for security, a few plants which might have been
Bie, open to question were submitted to Mr. A. Bennett, of

R. mollissima
R. dumalis Bechst.
rt.

quantity. —

Willd. —

Pyrus Aucuparia Gae

Epilobium obscurum Schreb. In
quantity at one spot, ree

Callitriche platycarpa Kuet

Sanicula europea Li

(Enanthe crocata L.

Daucus Carota

Torilis Anthriscus Gaert.

Ligier Helix L.

era ric i L.

Artemisia vulgaris L.
Senecio vulgaris L. — S. aquaticus
Huds.

Inula Helenium L. Attwo spots,
@

each case pe sets and n
aids s kept.

apsana communis L,

ly distributed ; near sea-level.
Mr. A. Bennett confirms the

naming).
Scrophularia nodosa L,

372 PLANTS RECORDED IN WESTERNESS ADDITIONAL TO ‘TOP. BOT.’

Veronica scutellata L.

=

corded farther north than
‘“‘Clyde Isles,” on the west
coast of Scot tland; though
on the east it i - ial for
Elgin and Eas

Plantago eng L

Chenopodium album L.

Rumezx obtusifolius Auct.

Polygonum So cslnges L. — P.
aviculare Li,

Mercurialis perennis L.

Urtica dioiea I.

ica cus Robur L. Already re-

Betula alba L., var. pubescens.

Salia laurina Sm. A fine bush
or two, growing as at Portree
(Skye), not Sou above sea-

vel. — S. repens L. p-
parently typieut.

Pilanolites peat Pour.

Triglochin maritimum

Habenaria chlorantha sp.
gregate Pt recorded.

Scilla nutans

Allium ursinum on:

Luzula multiflora Koch.

Juncus conglomeratus Li4.— J. lam
procarpus Ehrh.—J. Gerardi

Blysmus rufus Link.
Scirpus antief is L.—S. tniglumis
Link.—Marshy ground abou
up. — 8. inatiicaals

tris
Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe.
one plant seen, 7. an-
gustifolium being the common
species.

Carex remota L. A few eg

in a damp copse. — C.
lifera L. — C. Cideri Ehrh.
As form growing by the

C. lepido

bat
~)
S
a]
i)
~
<

Bennett pe to ae it

SO.
Alopecurus geniculatus L.
Fivernie: communis Trin. Ab-
un
vena elatior L.,
Héteis moll £; t 1
ordinary how wide ee this
grass is distributed, consider-
ing its scarcity.
Triodia decumbens Beauv.
Glyceria fluitans Brown.
Sclerochloa maritima Lindl.
Poa pratensis L.

var. nodosum.
I extra-.

Fi ser ovina L., var. glauca.
och Aline; but not so
abundant as at Vig in Skye.

Broma er Murr., rotinus.~
Brach, ppodbslil b 8 oii R. & 8.
Nardus stricta L.

Asplenium Trichomanes L.

Athyrium Filia - feemina Bernh.
ently the form rhe-

Appare
ticum

Aspidiren: aculeatum Sw., and var-
lo

Ne rarodiuan Filix-mas Rich. Also
ze . Borreri, not so abundant
as the type, but very dis-
tinctly marked where it grew,
the extremities ae peo in-
nules being alm
and looking cea as if they i
had been shorn o

Chara fragilis Desv., var.? This :

*

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 373

smooth form grew in a Geen most like the var. delicatula.
running stream, 980 ft. abov Ji is not yet ascertained
sea-level, and appeared to oo whether it is this variety.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 300.)

181. S. versicotor Spring Mon. ii. 128. — Stem slender, sub-
erect, stoloniferous from the base, iia pinnate, the ascending

branches copiously compound. Leaves of the lower plane con-
tiguous and asc ending, spreading ts ee ‘the main —
oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, 4-4 in. lon

bright green, membranous, unequal-sided, gos rounded,

With a cusp as long as the lamina. Spikes at 4h
bracts ovate- miideas, membranous, strongly kee
Senegambia, Heudelot. Angola, in the erotinees of

ia
eine, Andan go, and Golungo — Welwitech 41,4

8. minma Spring uM ii. 86. — Lyco spoons pusillum

— Stem }~1 in. long, very slender, suberect, simple or

slightly compound. Leaves of the lower plane contiguous and

ascending in the upper part, gt and See in the lower

part of the He oblong acute, + lin. long, bright green, mem-
branous, rather qual-sided, broadly macicn, ciliated,

sae
the upper plane one-half as long, ovate, acute. Spikes short,
1 lin, diam.; bracts ovate, acute, similar to the leaves in texture.
Hab. oe Guiana, in grassy places near Cayenne, Leprieur!
S. prcrescens Spring in Plant. Vanheurck. i. 29.--Stems
suberect, cy slender, 1-14 in. long, simple near the base, closely

Wlated upper
Side at the base; leaves of the upper plane mae halt a toaigs much
imbricated, broad ovate, with a cusp as long as the lamina. Spikes.

short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, crowded, strongly

oigtl®- Shaded rocks on the Serras of Santarem, Spruce 682*!

184. S. poreztomss Spring. Mon. ii. 97; Fée Fil. Ant. tab.
34, a Wee Lycopodium porelloides Lam — Stems slender, sub-
erect, 2-8 i in. long, the branches lax, the 5 at copiously ——
Leaves of the lower vines contiguous and ascending the

- branchlets, Spreading and spaced on the main ptt am or

374 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

oblong, subobtuse, a line long, dark green, flaccid, cordate, and
conspicuously ciliated on the upper side at the base; leaves of the
upper plane one-third as long, ovate-lanceolate, shortly apiculate.
Spikes short, 1 lin. diam. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate.

Hab. St. Domingo, Guadeloupe, and Mexico.

185. 8. motus A. Br. in Crypt. Nov. Gran. 360, non Fée.—

ascending, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, } lin. long, bright

ab. N
Schlim 1029!
186. 8. conrusa Spring Mon. ii. 94. —- Lycopodium ornitho-
podioides Sw. Syn. Fil. 184, as regards the West Indian plant. —

base, and imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane one-
half as long, oblique ovate, cuspidate. Spikes }-} in. long, sharply
square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate-cuspidate, strongly keeled.
ab. Mountains of Jamaica, 5000-6000 ft., Swartz! Wi

764! Jenman! Will most likely prove to be a montane variety of
S. radiata.

187. S. raprara Baker. — S. ciliata A. Br. in Ann. Se. Nat.
ser. 4, xiii. 68.— 8. inerescentifolia Spring Mon. ii. 106. — %.
Nove-hollandie Spring Mon. ii. 209. — 8. Warcewiczit Klotsech. —

the stem on the upper side at the base; leaves of the upper plane
one-half as long, ovate, cuspidate. Spikes square, }-1 in. long,

stems sending out copious root-fibres in the lower half, many 0 th
lower branchlets excurrent and whip-like at the tip, and bearing
bulbillw, which reproduce the plant, leaves spuriously 8-nerved

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA,. 875

not distinetly ciliated, is most likely a form of this species produced
by cultivation in a damp warm atmosphere

Series III.—Rosutata.

188. S. mnvotvens Spring Mon. ii. 63. — S. circinalis Presl. —
Lycopodium circinale Thunb. F). Jap. 841. — L. involvens Sw. — L.
pulvinatum Hook. & Grey.—Stems very —— tufted, 2-6 in. long,
deltoi d, 2-8-pinnate, branched nearly or quite Sree the base, the

set 7 eitchii Macnab Selag. 10, tab. 1, figs. 1 5. — Leaves
less Micpints and not so much imbricated, those of the lower plane
more curved, those of the upper more lanceolate. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate.

Hab dene re Amoor-land, China, the Philippine Islands,
and Tas Him

leaves 0 er bp nearly as long, ee yall; subacute
Spikes not seen.

Hab. Madagascar, at Ambongo, Pervillé 608!

190. soos IMBRICATA on Mon. ii. 70; Decaisne Pl. Arab. t. 7.

— Lycop imbricatum Forsk. — L. circinale Desv. — Stems

densely rte, erect, yt ft. long, pee und only in the lower

third, the primary and seco ondary divisions pinnate, the tertiary

divisions subflabellate and deltoid. Leaves of the lower plane
much imbricated, ascending, ovate, oe or subacute, dark green,
lin. long, very ‘thick and rigid in texture; leaves of the upper

Plane nearly as long, oblique ovate, soeta: pikes short, square,
lin. diam. ; bracts ovate, acute, strongly hisehed,

Hab. Arabia, Nbyednis, and Zambesi-land.

191. §. _ Spey on. ii. 71. — S. affinis Milde
Fil. Eur. 271, non A. Br. — Stems about a _ long, prance in
the upper half, “Pieiaboia, decompound, the primary and secondary

ranching pinnate, the tertiary subflabell mb Dawes of the lower
plane crowded, ascending, oblique ovate, acute, 4 lin. long, firm in
texture, bright green, turning reddish when old; leaves of the
ra A fae one-half = long, ovate- lanceolate, shortly euspidate.

uare, 3-4 in. long, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate cuspidate,
strongly raed
877 | North China, Sir G. Staunton, Bushell! Bretschnetder

376 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

192. S$. conyoruta Spring Mon. ii. 62.—S. hygrometrica Spring.
—Lycopodium bryopteris Aublet, non Linn.— L. convolutum Arnott.
. hygrometricum Mart. — L. revolutum Hook. & Grev. — Stems
densely tufted, 3-6 in. long, compound nearly to the base, the
primary branching pinnate, the short broad erecto-patent pinne
between pinnate and flabellate. Leaves of the lower plane much
imbricated, ascending, ovate, acute, 4 lin. long, serrulate, bright
green, firm and rigid in texture; leaves of the upper plane one-half
as long, oblique ovate, acute. Spikes square, +4 in. long, 4 ,

diam. ; bracts ovate cuspidate, strongly keeled. oy
Tropical America from Mexico to South Brazil. This is

- BRYOPTERIS Baker.—S. tamariscina Sp Lycopodium
bryopteris Linn. Sp. 1567.— L. circinale Linn. Syst. Veg. xiii. 704,
on n . tamariscinum Desv.—Dill. Musc. tab. 66, fig. x1

large cusp. Spikes short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate
cuspidate, strongly keeled.

Hab. Central and Peninsular India.

194. §. piers A. Br. in Ind. Sem. Hort, Berol. 1857, App. 20.
—Stems densely tufted, 3-4 in. long, copiously compound, cuneate,
jeer pee of all grades midway between pinnate and flabellate,

n

similarly cuspidate. Spikes square, }-} in.
bracts ovate-lanceolate, strongly keeled.

Hab. Texas, Wright! Plateau of Central Mexico, alt. 6000-
8000 ft., Parry d Palmer 1008! <A rare species in cultivation. —

195. 5. Leprpopayiia Sp ing Mon. ii. 72. — Lycopodium lepido-
phyllum Hook. Ic. t. 162-163.—Stems densely tufted, 2-4 in, long,
branched down to the base, the primary branching closely pinnate,
the broad cuneate ascending pinne copiously subflabellately com-
pound. Leaves of the lower plane much imbricated, ascending,
oblique ovate, obtuse, 4 lin. long, thick and rigid in texture,
minutely ciliated, green on the face, paler on the back, and when
old tinted red-brown; leaves of the upper plane nearly as dong,
oblique ovate, obtuse. Spikes square, }-3 in, long, 3 lin. diam. ;
bracts deltoid, acutely keeled. :

Tropical America from Texas and Mexico to Peru, in eX-

posed places.

m. ;

base ; leaves of the upper plane one-half as long, oblique lanceolate,
long, lin. diam. ;

SHORT NOTES. 877

_ 196. S. Orprentana Spring Mon. ii. 68. — Stems tufted, 4-5 in.
long, pyramidal, the primary branching pinnate, the branches
erecto-patent, with very short branchlets. Leaves of the lower
plane crowded, ovate, subfaleate, cuspidate, above a line long, rigid
in texture, dark - above, pale and shining beneath, the upper

margin thombr ran and unequall FE iealsta, a _—< not white-
edged, but shialthy: tigidly ciliated; leaves of the upper plane one-
alf as long, ovate acuminate, aristate. Spikes 4-} in. long,

sharply square; bracts ovate acuminate, otitabe keeled.
Hab. Andes of Bolivia, D’Orbigny. Intermediate between
cuspidata and imbricata.
(To be continued.)

his egie NOTES.

ACHIA THyRSIFLoRA L.—I do not remember to have seen it
ied | that by saleelacn Ape: plant (which in the wild state is
almost glabrous) pea ity > the amount of hairs ee to

growing in water being Baa but in an ing ¢ covered
with hairs. An analogous change comes over Saaifraga Hirculus

- when grown in the open ground in rich light soil, with full
exposure to the sun. I would advise any of. your readers who

the marine botany may be said to be the great abundance of
Sphacelaria scoparia aa Rhodomela lycopodioides, Polystphonia
Jibrillosa, both with capsules and tetraspores, and of a large size, is

so frequent. In the rock-pools are found Padina Pavonia, Taonia
atomaria, Styridia filamentosa, and Callithamnion corymbosum.—T.
Waker.

Appirions to ‘ TopograpnicaL Borany.’—The following plants,
not resorded for their respective counties in and on the borders of
es, were collected or seen by me during the past summer :—

Alsine verna, Heath near Tyn-y-Groes, Delestley. wlabiin es —
Geranium columbinun ca Aberedw, Radnorshire ; ; e Cocks
Junction, Brecon.-—Linum een 1 Railw uae Eveoad
Radnor.—T rifolium ar. me ay, Three Cocks Junction,
Brecon. — Rubus lis L. Gases bank by Rhayader Cwm,
Festiniog, Mexioneth, “growing veg a reniformis L,

Asplenium de. — Senecio Jaco ithout ray florets.

378 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Aberedw, Radnor.—Campanula patula L. Near Boughrood, Radnor.

Centaurea Scabiosa L. Rhayader Cwm, Festiniog, Merioneth.—

simachia vulgaris L. Llangorse Mere, on.——Polygonum lapath-
tfolium L. Maes-y-neuadd, Harlech, Merioneth.—Allium Scheno-
prasum A the stones in t er t Boughrood,

junceum and Festuca rubra vy. arenaria. Sand-hills, Barmouth,
Merion — Phragmites — Beau. Harlech, Merioneth.—
Polypodium caleareum. Aberedw Woods, Radnor. — Selaginella
iA Rca Abundant on the aeiy of Festiniog, Merioneth.—

argenteum. The two plants are very similar, both being allied to

- pallidum, sibipaais of which they probably are. H. argenteum,
however, is distinguished at a glance by its intensely glaucous
bloom on the stem and under side of leaves. Thus Montgomery-
shire may be added as possessing a locality for this species, without,
however, invalidating the previously recorded habitat for the true
H. lasiophyllum Koch, which occurs on both the hills in some
plenty.—J. Cosmo Metvm.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Diseases of Field and Garden Crops, chiefly such as are caused by
Fungi. By Worrmneron G. Swira, F.L.S. London:
Macmillan i Co. 1884, Pp. xxiv. 353.

Unver the above title Mr. Smith has published, in a handy
form, his lectures on the diseases of crops, delivered recently under
the auspices of the Institute of Agriculture. While the main
interest attaching to the book is perhaps agricultural and horti-
cultural, the botanist will find much that is both new and interest-
ing in its pages, since Mr. Smith has not confined himself in his
estates to old well-worn facts and theories, but has presented us
with new views and original subjects. A notewo Hig. feature of the
book is the originality of the illustrations and Sie a kill with which

of i
(first exhibited in Sachs : Text. book’ ) have come to be associated
in one’s mind with familiar mural iearunaits from the fre-
quency of their occurrence in, and their appar arent indispensability to,
every well-regulated botanical handboo
Mr. Smith has made studies of such Taide as are of economic

NOTICES OF BOOKS. “—

purpurea, Tilletia caries, Ustilago carbo, Erys iphe ceo Isaria
Juciformis, the author’s three new species of Fusisporium (I. cul-
rum, F. hordei, and "ed loi W. Sm.), and he ear- pnneee
Tylenchus tritici; of clover, Peronospora trifoliorum and P. ewigua
.Sm., and Cuseuta trifolié 3 of potatoes, Phytophthora inode,
F- usisporium solani, Tuburcinia scabies and Periza postuma; of onions,
Puccinia mixta, Peronospéra Schleideniana, Urocystis cepula, and
“chaax subtilissimus ; of turnips, Otdium balsamii, Plasmodiophora
@; and

hands of those who have the we lf fare of crops under their special
d, th

)
satire, &e., the or has eadlered a valuable se yee towards
the discovery of their eal nature. Mr. Smith makes a strenuous
effort to dispose of the evidence in favour of the hetercecism of the
Uredinee, but such an effort is hardly likely to sueceed now. It
was necessary that a book with the practical aim of this one should
be written attractively and with simplicity, and this part of his
object Mr. Smith has done his best and sealant to attain. Not
only to those interest in the crops, but also to the increasing
class interested in their diseases, Mr. Smith’s book will prove a
handy, easily obtained, and excellent guide. G. M.

Traité de Botanique Médicale phanerogamique. Par H. Batuuon
Paris: Hatchette. 1884. 8vo, pp. 1500, with 8487 figures.
As might be expected from the size of the work and the

a of its author, we have in the volume before us perhaps

the remainder is occu with fetes s i inal ee
their properties, uses, e do not Fest whether the two parts
are i AEN ed! rately ; ~ there would, howev: uch advantage

9 Song Nor, indeed, is this necessary. Prof. Baillon’s work is
too well known to nee ed commendation from us; and this volume
is worthy of his reputation. We feel only one regret—that the
learned author should have i hi? attention diverted, even by so
useful a book, from his great work, the ‘ ae - pense
the progress of which is accionaty desired by botan

880 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

New Booxrs.—A. oe ‘The Origin of Cultivated Plants’
aT _ Kegan Paul: 8vo, pp. viii. 468). — A. Dz Bary, F. O.
H. Scorr, ‘ saath Anatomy of the Vegetative

Gresba of > ‘Phanerogams and Ferns’ (Oxford, Clarendon Press:
8vo, pp. xvi. 659; 241 cuts),—A. Gent, ‘ Petite Flore Mancelle’
(Le Mans, Monnoyer : 8vo, pp. 220).— G. Marxranner-TuRNERET-
scneR, ‘ Ausgewahlte Bliithen- Diagramme der eT Aes Flora’

(Vienna: Holder, 1885”; 8vo, pp. iv. 75: tt. 16).

ArticLes in JouRNALS. panne

$5 Conarathiest (Nos. 44-48). ae esis ‘ Entstehung und
Vorthoilun ng der Secretions-Organe der Fichte und Lirche.

Botanische Jahrbucher (Oct. 24).—E. Koehne, ‘ Lythracew: der
Bau der Bliithen,’—A. Engler, ‘ Flora des siidlichen J apan und der
Liu- Kin Inseln. coy C. Maximowicz, ‘ Amaryllidacex sinico-japo-
nice’ (Ungernia? Oldhami, Lycoris squamigera, L. sanguinea, spp.
nn.).—A. athorst, ‘Phan anerogamenflora Grénlands im Norden
von Melville Bay (76°-82°),.

Bot. Zeitung (Nov. 7 J. Wortmann, ‘ Studien iiber geotro-
pische Teobeakonac ere inungen.’— (Nov. 14). G. Klebs, ‘ Bei-
trag zur Kenntniss der Peridineen ’ (1 tab.).

Botaniska Notiser (Nov.5).—L. J. Wahlstedt, ‘Nagra Viola-
hybriditeter for svenska Floran.’—H. Samzelius, ‘ Nagra for Séder-
manland nya vaxtlokaler.’ — G. Lage aoe : Se co bidrag.’
—S. Almquist, ‘Om blomdiagrammet hos M

Bull. Soc. Bot. France (xxx. : Comptes Bicies 6).— E. ee
de la Chapelle, ‘ Lichens de Cauterets, de Lourdes, &c.’—E. Malin
a ‘Annotations au 4e fase. des Menthe exsiccate preeacrtin:
cf

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Nov. 15). — Barkeria Barkeriola Rehb. f.,
Caraguata angustifolia Baker, spp. nn. — (Nov. 22). ee
cucumerinum Rehb. f., Hypowis colchicifolia Baker, spp.un.—(Nov. 29
Arisaema fimbriatum Mast., Eria bigibba Rehb. f., spp. nn

Magyar Névénytani Lapok.—lL. Haynald, Memoir of E. Fenzl.

. Midland Naturalist. — W.B. Grove, ‘On the Pilobolide.’ — F.
Bates, ‘On the Zygnemacee.’ — J, BE. Bagnai, ‘ Flora of Warwick-
shire’ (Juncacee—Cyperacea),

Nature.—(Oct. 80).— V. B. Wittrock, ‘ On the Algic Flora of the
Arctic Seas.’—(Nov. 6). M. T. Masters, ‘Flowers out of Season.’

(Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. —EH. Preissmann, ‘ nage von Karnten.’
— ausgirg, ‘ Siisswass seralgen.” — Rosa reversa.’—
i, Schlogel, : Teratologisches.’ — P.G, Strobl, ‘« Flora des Etna’
(con

gems me Journal (Nov. 15). — T. Greenish, ‘ Pine or
Forest Wool.’ ;
Science Gossip.—N. F. Davey, ‘ Bifurcation of the Elm-leaf,

INDEX.

For classified articles, see—County Records ;
New Genera and Species are distinguished by an asterisk.

eviews.

Abel’s Vnniee Plants, 80, 124
Acer Fabri,* 76

Aciphylla Praillii, 286
Acmosporium scour a 127
Pabeneh 158, 1
f

n Humbloti, * 144; sub-

sessile,*
diantu a “Ferguson, 304; Wie-
gandii,

ci dium Tine: 214; ranuncu-
lacearum

ZGrides Roebelenii, 160; Rohania-

v ndidu
Fe faqmnodytte
oo Ralfsii, 31; sulcato-jugatus,

Agropyrum coe ae hg
Albuca Yerburyi,*
Alge, read ta 136
Allen’ aie Grant) ‘ Flowers nd ge’

edigrees,’ 185; ‘Biographies o

Working Men :

Allin’s ‘Flora of Cork’ (rev.), 57
Alnus Richardsoni, 6
Aloe cryptopoda,* 52
Ammo he apace er
Amphibromus fiui
Anthostomella poe a it
Angkalanth -
Anthoxanthum, s
Antirrhinum, nowspecosof 60, 159
Apium graveolens
Ardisia mamillata,* 00

iseema riatum, 380
Aristida basiramea, 18 7
Armeria berlengiensis, 287; erio-

ylla, a a

ph
Aetolaes (G. M Life of Pocock, 53
Arthrobotrys oligospora, 198
m italicum in Devo

mn, 212

Reccholen minutissimns, 195

Asplenium Harrison i,* B62; macro-
tis,* 362; Robinsonii, + 989

Asterina carnea, 31; ‘delitescens,
31; intricata, 59

Astragalus gypsophilus, 187

Journals, Articles in; Reports ;

Auge, Andreas, 147
Ayliographum um qu ercinum. 31
Azolla ee nasuralebd in
Middlese
Babington, C. on Senecio spath-
Bailey, 357
C. on Naias graminea,
mt 340-253), 305.

us

Baldwin’s ‘Orchids of New Eng-
land,’ 286

Balfour, I. B., appointed to Oxford
hair, 95

a,

Saline ‘a Rin Notice of, 128

inifolium

Bartholina Ethele,

B La B ‘8. Lincolnshire

| ; New Flora of Surrey,
Att; eh Plants,

Bees and fg cinerea, 278, 302

Sembisia a,

Benbow, a "Middlesex Plants, 56,
213, 2795 Salvia pratensis in
Bu cks, 2

Bennett, < Mees ligerica in Eng- —

land, 1 125, 214; Zostera nana in ~

Linco A 301
gars ep G., Memoir of (port.),
353; propo osed memorial to, 352
Bentley’ s ‘Student’s Guide,’ 185
Bigelovia acradenia, 60; tridentata,

Bispora pusilla, 199
Blechnum

um rugosum, 127
Bloomfield, E. N., Centaurea Jacea

382

and Mespilus germanica in Sus-
SeX, 149, 150, 248; Peziza venosa
in Suffolk 248

Domiiva terms for Pubescensze, 232
soe ne ae Club Report
r 1884, 214

Sotanioal News, 32, 95, 128, 352
Bouteloa, new species of, 94
Brachycome Thomsonii, 286
Brachycorythis Tysoni, 188
Braithwaite, R., on Manual of N.
rican Mosses, 284; British
5

Dept., 55, 74,96; Report of Bot.
Dept. for "1883, 252; Herb., 147
Britten, J ., Memoir oir of Francis Mas-

e
Notios of f Hooker s ‘Stu.
dent’s Flora,’ 2:
Brown, J. C., sctke on Forestry,
220, 286
Bryum pole 94
Buffalo Grass,
Bulbophyllum Sillomisi@ies 288
Buple eurum tenuissimum 28
* 365

isii, 304; dipteryx,

4; proboscidea, 160

Callithamnion, 33

ee We , distribution
araguata het Ser, 380

Carex Assiniboinensis, 221; Halli-

ana, 304; L tree ligeri-
cate agin, a7, 135, 2 ; mul-
comma 804; pcapeniihis 221;

8, 804; trinervis i in England,
Carmichaelia, new species of, 160,

ee ircrr W., Seeds of Anthox-

ved mea 154
Cerataulis socotrensis, 188

INDEX.

Ceratophyllum Haynaldianum, 127
a 94; a
eldii, 135

um

ylum Present, 134

Chara Braunii, 3 f& 243); fragilis,
var. Sturroe kii,*

Characex, Notes on * British, 1

Chien-dent, 62

Chile, Northeniifibee Forest of, 201

Chinese Plants, 22, 41, 76, 80, "108,
227, 231, 261, 290, 346, 6, 364, 365;
proposed catalogue 0

scoters nig

Chondrus

yen ee A ‘C., on Lysimachia thyr-
siflora, 377

yton Woronini, 187
i, 288

Cleisostoma fo rmosanum,* 364
Clematis chinensis, 262; - heraclei-
folia, 263; recta, a ‘Savatien,
264; terniflora, 2

leome aurea a, 160; see] 160
‘lerodendron ‘illu stre, 352
ochlanthus,

ckburnia,

Seylae eee
ountTy REco

Aberdeen, 5, "295, 237
Anglesea,

eooooooSeae
8
—
°
Q
4

anff, 237
ee 5, 46, 249
8,
Breede 194, 377
Bucks, 1, 249, 279, 800, 302
Caithness, 2
Cambridge, 3, 5, 28, 125, 149, 151,
247, 278, 8, 279

ne il, 1, 3, 215, 286
Jornwa.
‘amberland, 3, ay , 186, 249
Derby, 6, 71, 1, 334
evens & 2,3,5, "168, 193,212 oiled
or et, 1, 8 5,186,265,291, 349,
dalk, 2

“lei 1;,2, 287

Bl, 95, 149, 219, 257
Fife, 1

F orfar, 2, 3, 5, 237
Glamorgan, 48, 257
Gloucester, 218, 286

INDEX.
Hants, 215, 249 Cypripedium R 2
Hereford 91, 216 Cn oe
8, 5, 55, 105, 149, 151, Cystostemon, 16
278, "349 Dactylella,* 199; minuta,* “i
Inverness, 149 Daffodils, British (t. 247),
Kent, 55 Davallia decomposita,* 141; fm

Kincardine, 237, 257
Kirkcudbright, 2
oo Ey, 3, 4, 805
Leices
sey 1, of 8, 5, 17, 801
Louth, 2
Merion ne 877
Middlesex, 28, 56, 218, 279
ontgomery, 5, 216, 378
Nairn, 2

Norfolk, 1, 2, 8, 92, 125, 214, 215,
8, 287
Northeanon, 149, 235, 248, 257,

Orkney, 2, 5, 29, 217, 235
Oxford, 348

Somerset, By 40, 204
ae 39, 130

n
Warwick, 32,6 60, 95, 127—136,160,

195—200, 229, 9 256,288, 304, 352

' Westmoreland, 1, 31
esterness

Wilts, 1, 257

Worcester, 3 129—133, 135,
195, 196, 1 301

C ; s of, 60
Cr shia,* 869 369 ; ,Tagrenopsis 370

Sanderianum
Cyathea hirsuta,* 140; oat blotii,*
189° ; ligulata,* 140; " dervatifolia,*

Cylindrium Corde, 196
Cymbidium seco 188
Cyperaces: N we, 15
Cyperus aibieape. *- 16; Buckleyi,
. es 858 ; daphe nus,”
16; divulsns,* 15; oxyearioides,
804; Rusty 160; Smithianu
15; new Indian species, 188

— n,

4
ndolle’s ‘Nomenclature Bo-
tanique’ (rev.), 9

Delesseria, 67

Dendrobium cruentum, 188; dac-
profusum, 160;

Didymoplexis sylvatica, 845
Disa, new species 0 , 1

D namaquensis, 188
Disporopsis, 156
hates on
Dixon,

, Rare Mosses, 149;
N otha rapt ae 235
Doodia Harryan

Budie, Hiarsentii boreale,

Drabe’ eae 60

Drake, Sir F. H., 168

Druce, ate Potamogeton nitens
in Wales, 151; Euphorbia Lathy-

Echino Fe arpus sinensis,*
Entomopthora ae” 31

Endophytic
Eomecon* chionantha,* 346
Epicoc purpurascens, 200

Epidendrum Christyanum, 256

Epilobium alsinifolium in Ireland,
24

a bi gibba, 380

Erica cinerea oe bess 278, 302

Er maint medee

Erythrea sapitit, * eeenyor in,

27; in G » OL

Eugenia microphylla, 124

Euphrasia officinalis, 161

Evans, H. A., L Lilium Martagon in
Gloucestershire, 2 3

Fawcett, W., Dialysis and Synan-
thy in Primula, 151

ae. of Madagascar, 43; of Costa

Witngerald s Australian Orchids,
Flora ‘of Matlock,

834
Floridex, Protoplasmic Continuity
in, 38, 65 (tt. 248, 244)

884
oo F. B., Chinese Oaks, 80;
for Pubosoence,

Chinese species of Clematis, 261;
Preparing a t Chines
Plants, 96

Forsythiopsis, 176

riend’s‘ Flowers and Flower Lore’

(rev.),

Fryer, Aa Apium graveolens in

Hunts, 3B; Norfolk Plants, 92 ;

Hunts Plan ants, 105; recon

Plants, 124; Agrostis nigra, 125 ;

Juncus Gerardi, 151; Lepidium

Smithii, 247 ; Tolypella prolifera,

278 ; Cambri ridge 1 Fumarias, 279 ;

Bu pleurum tenuissim

ungi, New, 129, 195; Yeast, 252
Puaacookiiau cereale, D)
ea, enclature of, 211

mie ee Harveyana, 32

ardner, = “oneers to, 82
Gethyllis,
Gigartina, rol
Gleditschia aden ea
Gomphostemma insuave,* 231
Grindon’s ‘ Skahapsee Flora’ (rev.),

e, W. B., New or noteworthy
Panpi, 129, 195 (tt. 245, 246) 3
his Synopsis of Bacteria, 253 ;
Pilaira Cesatii, 3

Groves, H.and
Characee, 1 (t. 24
Guernsey, sy ieion capitata in,

, Note on British

Gymnocladus Williamsii,* 366

8; Ptilopteris, ae
se Corylaces, 22 ;
ian pot 231; Thaiisesor,
346; New Ardisia, 290; New
Chie —— 364; NewCwsal-

Po arcana 8 ‘Coile Rica Ferns, 362

Hart ichomanes radicans
in Donegal, 213

Heliocharis Texana, 3804

Helminthosporium —o 59

Helotium maculosum

Hemsley, W. ~
Bermudiana,

Henfrey’s ‘ Boat, ed. 4, 285

Hepatice, New British, 24

Hick, T., Protoplasmic Continuity

in Florides, 83, 65 (tt. 248, 244)

his itis

INDEX.

Hieracium argenteum, 878; bore-
ale, 306; corymbosum 216; tre
idsdlorutl; 189; Freynianum um, 82;

Legrandianum, 221; polycepha-

Hobkirk’s ‘Synopsis of British

Mosses’ (rev.), 350
Holland, R., Abnormal Tropeolum,

Holubia, 3803
Hooker’s ‘ Student’s gat (rev.),
80; Report o w Herbarium
for 1882, 21

Humblot’s Madagascar Ferns, 139
Hyalocalyx, 223, 288
ydnocarpus s anthelmintica, 256
Hymenocallis eucharidifolia, 222
ge Burberi, 287
Hypomyces Bar aryanus s, 195
Hypoxis. calchicifolia, 380
a s Bojeriana wae
Ipo
Trek. Plants, BL, ‘OL, ae “ot, 278,
302

— clavata, 94

aby
ene ie Androéna, 60, 221

sm

Jackson, , Memoir of G. Ben-
tham (port J, "358

James, T. P.; ° Se of N. Ame-

~ rica’ (rev.), 284

JOURNALS, Taal IN:—
merican Journal of Science, 31
American Natur ais t, 31, 59, 94,
159, 187, 221, 255, 287, 303, 351
Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 286
ag. Nat. Hist., 31, 94, 287

Ann. . Seiences Nat., 6
é Ayinua Pom R. "Tnst. Bot. di

Rom

Boletim aE ual, 287
Botanical Gazette. 81, 94, 126,
169, 187, 221; 255, 304, 851, 380
Botanisches Centralblatt, 81, 60,
94, 159, 187, 231, 255,

303 ‘61, 380
Botanische — ng, 31,
126, ri 187, 221, 55, ‘088

4,3

1, 380
Bouman " Notiser, 81, 94, 159,
8 : 04, 380

c. Bot. France, 126, 159,
187, 291, 255, 380
Bull. ea Bot. Club, 60, 94,
127, 160, 187, 221, 288, 304, 351
Flora, 31, 60, 127, 87, 221, 256,
Garden, 81, 60, 94, 127, 160, 188,
221 :

Linn
Linospora ferruginea,

Gardeners’ Chronicle, 32, 60, 95,
aa 160, 188, 222, 256, 288,

04, 352, 380

tacos. 127, 222, 304

Icones Plantarum, 303

Journ. Linn. Soc. , 288

Journ ee Microscopical Soc.,
160, 222, 288, 3

Knowledge, 95, a 160, 256,
288, 304, 8
agyar Novent. ee 32, 127,
188, 256, 3

Midland a eee 82; 60; 95,
il 160, 188, 222, 256, 304, "352,

Naturalist, 32, 256, 304
Nature, 32, 95, 188, 256, 352, 380
Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., "160,

288, 352

Cisterr. Bot: Zeitschrift, 32, 60,
95, 127, a 189, 222, 256,
288, 304, 3 2, 380

Pharmace aad Journal, 32, 60,
95, 160, 189, 222, 256, '352, 380

Proc. Bristol Nat. Soc., 285

Proce. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, 2292,

evde e Myc ologique, 252

ao Gossip, 32, 60, 95, 189,

Bidens "Monthly, 95, 127, 189, 288
st, 160, 256, 352

Praris. Penzance Nat. Hist. Soc.,

Juncus diffusus, 848; Gerardi in
Cambri idgeshire, 151; tenuis, 91

Jurinea Capusi,

Kew ats, Gapact for 1882,
217; arene cares 186
Kelpinia

pred ; Phytogeneis (rev.), 29

Lace
Eistonatia febolsin, 188; lilacina,
1

a, 60
leaden ‘Scnigabelenes 8,
Lepidium Smithii, 247; var. alato-

Lepiosopheria is copii 187
Lesqu uereux, L., ‘Mos of N.
America’ (rev.), 284.
Leucorchis sylvatica, 345
Lindsaya sak aha 141
Linnus, letters of, 6

Bociety, 61, 189, 229,
59

INDEX.

885

Linton, E. F. & W. R., Hunts plants,
al Flora of Skye, 367; of West-

rness
Liparis decursivus, 256; grandi-
flora,*

Lithosperm purpureo-ceru-
leu ne rile history of, 74
{aya Drugs of N. ei “type a

— simillima 41;
ph 142; =phophylin 142
Liyoopodites St tockii, 2
8, new species af "80
Lygisura, 178
Lyeimadhia thyrsiflora, 377
Macrosporium Martindalei, 94
Madagascar Ferns, be
Margyricarpus Clar
Marsupella sokmatotin, 295 ert 248)
Masdevallia anchorifera, 188; fla
veola, ; Mooreana, 127; pa
chyantha,
Masson, Francis, Memoir of, 114;
his drawings,
Masters, M. T., Comparative Mor-
phology of Beindopitys,

Mathews estershire
Plants, 38; ; Erythrea capitata, 91
aximowicz’s Diagnoses, 58

Melamposora lini, 131
Melampyrum pratense, var. hians,

Meliola cryptocarpus, 31; manea,31
vill, J. C., on Hieracium ar-
8

xic isks, 62
Microcoleus Aitchisonii, 288
Microlonchus spinulosus, 187
Microsteira, 179
Mimulus Mohavensis, 351
sr 179
Mon achochlamys, 179
Lega aa 255
arn , A. G., Pembroke and Gla-
organ Plants,
Monee, S. Le M., Remarks on En-
ao enn Alge, 136; Pilaira Ce-

Morven’ 8 Comsapondiiles Botani-
ue, 2

— Bedfordshire, 46; North-
mptonshire, 235, 249, 284 ; rare,

wie ‘Fruits of all Countries, 30

Mueller, Baron von, Eucalypt
aphia,’ rfolk Island
Plants, 289 ; ‘Census of Austra-
lian Plants,’
Myriadoporus,

2c

386

Naias <a structure, &e., 305
(tt. 249—252)

Narcissus, British species of, 193
(t.

Neospheria, 60

Helston nal 188

ig pace 363 5

magnum,*

42; ochrorachis,* 142: steno-

um,* 363

New Books, 30, 59, 98, 126, 157,
186, 220, 255, ‘287, 303, 351

New Phanerogams published in
1888, 152, 175

— ould, W. W., Flora of Mat-

ock, 334
Nicholson, : Petasites officinalis,
; Dic of Gardening, 254
Nidule at lla, 127
Norfolk — Plants, 289
Northea, 3
Sosochiona. lepiger,* 58
aa s Conspectus, 219; Supple-
ent and Index, 186
dents oglossum Dormani nianum,
a 160; Wilekeanum, 188
*Gorm Peziza Bomneri

in Surr tee,

Cnothera divaricata, 60
idium pactolinum , 222,

meer 114

Olearia macrodonta, 188; Traillii,
286

Oncidium aurarium, 304; cuspi-
datum, tery cnaeeharis, 95;
euryel sag Joneciamas, 32

Ononis caatetaag

Orchid, New net
rnithochilus eublepharon,* 364

Ovularia spheroides,

20
-Panicum Chapmani, 288; Hallii,
288

eaten ag aaa * 196
pella sparsi-

“folia,. 225. (t. gre Hew British
Hepatice, 249 ; Leje unia micro-
scopica, 349

Penium eueusrbitinum, 160; lagen-
aroides

se a "Rleei, 6

Peronospora spheroides, 256

Pestalozzia myrice, 59; pheenicis,
52

3
Peta ies. re 251
P

180
Peziza fumigata, 187; gelatinosa,

INDEX.

ebb iige ait ey

31; glenospors, 127; Sumneri
in Surr

Phonclonaad observation, 257

Philippines, Flora of, 223
Philippi, F., Northernmost Forest
of Chile, 201

Lesson! merismodes, var. albo-

ginata, 13
Phillosticta catalpe, 94; fraxini,
nalis,

Pilaize Cosati = 300, 349 ; dimi-
= ata,* 132

a Kleinii, var. spheo-

"ee cdi 8, 131

ipus
sap Crystals, 124
, 352

get peed Friesiana, 136
Plagiolirion,
Plants flowering = January and

bru 257
Plearothallis ‘lachopus, 60

Plowright ri B., Aicidium Jaco-
be 214; ranunculacearum,
O14; Brit tish Gymnosporangia,

347
Pocock, Robert eras 53
Podocarpus acutifolius

Po sos ora de 60

olygon s, 28

Po. eodinm atvoclatemsd 363 ;
anepeepesam, “146 rheosorum,*

Polysiphonia,
Potamogeton idee in Wales, 150
Powell, Bees and Erica

cinere
Preston, "p. A., Plants flowering in
January and February, 1884,

Primula, Dialysis and Synanthy in,
151; dolomitis, 188
Primulina,

Prismaria "arcata,* 198
Proterogyny in Erythrea capitata,
2

Protoplasmiec Continuity in Flori-
dew, 33, 65 (tt. 243, 244)

Pterolobium subvestitum,* 365

Ptilopteris Hancockii,* 139

Ptilota

66
| Pubescence, — for, 232
a, 130

Puccinia egra

Pyrus seandica, 216

Quercus, Chinese species of, pe
,

BS 3, Es
Se

84 ; iteaphyila,* 229 ; litseifo.
228; Naiadarum,* 227;

INDEX. 887

colarum,* 229; synbalanos,* | Roy, J., Scottish Plants, 237
228 ; _uvariifolia,* 227; Vi- | Rubus ‘aralioides, * 41; " prach bo-
brayean a, 85 trys, 160; Calderianus, ;
Ramvlatia: andromedm, 94; orontii, coriaceus, 12
| 94 Saccolabium bellinum, 95
peontia Aaya 286 Sarcanthus Lendyanus, 60
_ atyrium, new species of, 188
{ otaiieal Exchange Club for Saunders, J., Beds plants, 46, 249;
: ucks s plants, 249, 300
Department of psa “ British Schiemntsale da, 182
useum for 1883, 2 Schizoxylon monoliferum, 187
Herbarium of Royal “tia. ern sodalium Me 21
wa for 1882, 217 Schutzia Bennieana, 94
REVI — Saindonityn Compatative Morpho-
Shakespeare Flora. By Leo H. logy of, 97, 1
Grindon, Scilla Bellii, Peel

Shab By Dr. Otto | Scleria Hilsenber
e

Flora of Cork. By T. Allin, 57 Scorzonera, new species of, 60
Nomenclature Botanique. Par | Scottish Plants, 207, 301, 352
M. Alph

. Alph. DeCandolle, 92 Sedum Forsterianum, var. vire-

Flowers and Flower Lore. By scens, 216
Rey. H. Friend, 157 Selaginella, Synop: of, 23, 86,
Acotyledonex bh voitcin et Cha- 110, 276; bail sat 800; acut-
pe By C. F. 25; o-

ngula, 246; affinis, al

yman, 219 nitens, 113; alopecuroides, 276;
Synopsis tg the Bacteria and apus, 112, armata,* 90; articu
east Fungi. By W. B. Grove, erengt assurgens,* 277; giro:
3 aks " ngeess

Student’s Flora of the British bata, 245; binervis, 112; bomby-
Isles. By Sir J. D. Hooker, 280 cina, 296; borealis, 244; 8; al

ses of Ny Ameri 5
Lesquereux & T. P. James, 284 fornica, 295; canescens, 24; chry-
Synopsis of a omer: By soleuca, 296; piper ee 113;
C. P. Hobkirk

2

British ea ia By Dr. confusa, 874; contigua,* 295;

Braithwaite, 350 convoluta, 876; Cooperi,* ee

Diseases of Field and Garden Cumingia ana 276;
Crops. By W. G. Smith. 110 : decrescens, 373; rand
Traité de Botanique Medicale. 243: diffusa, 26; e irhizo re
By H. Baillon erectifolia, 246; eurynota, 26;
Rhinotrichum sulfureum pee ty exigua, 88; flaccida, 228; flagel-
Rhizoctonia aurantiaca, 127; moni- lata, 244; Galeottei, 297; um-
rmis, 12 bricata, 375; integerri ;
Rhododendron simiarum,* 22 involvens, 875; Kalbreyeri,* 276;

Rhynchopetal Kraussiana, 87;
— Harve lepidophylla, 376; gli, 87;

yi pri : Lindigii, 87;

Ridley, H . N., Cyperaceer Nove, lingulata, 86; Ludoviciana, 112;
15; ‘Kerry Plants, 91; "She tland Macgillivrayi,* 245; macilenta,*
Plants, 801; Bees and Erica 90; macroclada,* 28; marginata,

ee eg New Bornean Or- 23; Martensii, 296; merguina,
chids, 3; Didymoplexis sylva- 299; microclada,* 246; minima,
_ eas: New Aden Albuca, 370; 878; vanioides, 26; mollis, 874;
w County Records, 377 Moritziana, iil; muscosa, 112;
Riedelia, 181 neocaledonica,* 245; se Lor
inson’s ‘English Flower Gar- 88; oligoclada, * 277; Orbign
den, 59 ana, 377; 0 olia,* 90; Pear *

Rogers, W. M., Dorset Plants, 265, 246; pennata, 299; philippina,
219 298 ; pilifera, 876 ; pinangensis,

888
89; Plumea, 247; Poeppigiana,
24; spoeelichdad: 373 ; Poulteri,
wo prasina,* 1138; radiata, 374 3

is,* 2TT5 Se ora,*
244; rhodospora,* 111; rigidula,*

e
untoniana,

: a
255 ivegen 25; tectissima,*
; trichobasis,* 275; versicolor,
8785 oo 296; yemen-
244

Sanetie spathulefolius, 357

‘Shakspere Flora’ “hen ), 28
Siban, gea,
Sisyrinchium angustifolium, 110;
Bermudiana, 108; Clarazii, 288
mith’s eases of Field and
Garden Crops’ (rev.), 378
2, .

um Andreanum, 188; tuber-
bearing specie

Spheria aquatica, 187; mutucata,

87; pocula, 64
Sporobolus "Buckleyi, 60 60
Sporodinia grandis, 133
achylidium eyclosporum,* 199

Statice remotispicula,

Staunton’s Brgesiae plants, 81
taurastrum levispinum, 160

Siearsthiets Hrandeor 160

Stereum stratosum, 3

“eh So Rs, desire Hirculus
in d, 302

reiibice darn fenestrata, 127

Stipa Clarazii, 288
urrey, New Flora of, 77

Taylor’s ‘Sagacity of Plants,’ 184

Terms for Pubescence, 232

Peprnapaaiiii, 183

INDEX.

Thurnia, 183

Thymus, new species of, 351

‘iepageuphieal Botany,’ additions
to, 38, 105, 124, 237, 270, 367,
371, 377

Towndrow , R. F., Juncus tenuis in
England, 91; Mentha pubescens,

Townsend F., Proterogyny in Ery-
ea capitata, 27; Euphrasia
after ie 161
Toxanthera 183
Trail, J. W. H., Scottish Plants,
Treutleura, 183
Trichocalyx, 183
— radicans in Donegal,

tek mn H., on Cyperus bulbosus,

38
Trisetum Halli, 9
Tropezolum, abnorma “ PP
Tuber, new species
Tudor’s ‘ Orkneys asia Shetlands, "29

nturia, new spevies s of, 59

Verticillium quateonelicians* 197

Villaria,

Walker, T., Alge at Lyme Regis,
37

Waras

West, W, De erbyshire Botany, 71
White, J. W., Life-history of Litho-
r

n
y rmus muricatus, 127
Zygopetalum Burkei, 32

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‘ournal of Botany.

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Jo ILLUSTRATE PAPER BY

CHARLES BAILEY.

Mr.

_ Journal of Botany.

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Organography of Naias.

Jo ILLUSTRATE PAPER BY MR. CHARLES PAILEY.

EDITED BY

JAMES BRITTEN, F. L.

Hisrory).

‘CONTENTS.

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THE: ‘JOURNAL > OF BOTANY
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The JOURNAL OF BOTANY is printed 1 and |
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oe ‘The Editor will be greatly obliged to to the s
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: See of ts gues as to back num

: ‘Botany, we give the following statement : mee
Vols. L—IX. (1868-71), edited by the .
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Vols. XIX. —XAxI. ‘(1880-- -83), edited by Mr. Burren
Vols, I.—VIL. ee. are on n sal by

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258. : JUNE, 1884. — Vol. XXII.

THE

OURNAL OF BOTANY

BRI rISH AND FOREIGN.

EDITED BY

JAMES BRITTEN, F.LS8.,

= rd = rr Ses =.

CONTENTS.

PAGE
On Euphrasia officinalis L. By Nottczs oF Booxs :—

Fr , MLA. F.LS. 161 : ae

ae i St ee Short Notices Ee ee ee

o ‘ : : : : ;

Povearie apelin peal last Century. Néw Books 2.0.3 4s oe 1
er Brices, F.LS. 168 ee oe
han = published in
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> Article tn Soumnals 22° <2 16ST =

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In answer to inquiries as to back. nombers of. the Toons
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Vols. L—IX. (18683—71), edited by the late Dr. Suzmanx
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No. 259. JULY, 1884. — ‘Vol. XXII.

THE

| JOURNAL OF BOTANY

BRI LISH ae FOREIGN.

JAMES BRITTEN, F.L.S.,

Dp sor AT. ar

CONTENTS.

On the ethene ee
Ba

ae 8
Report ¢ of —— Exchange Cn

Report of the Herbarium of
ae Royal ie apa
A Visit to the per er a a ‘By Sir J. D. Hooxe
ithe oH Pro ae

Nowias OF Rosas oe a
ati oe sine 3 o Vasoalaes Be Cha. :

fer Me ee as ||
Coo — -- 219. a
New Books .. oo = ae . 220 i oe
Articles in Journals : 2 a
. 212 Linnean Society of London [a eas a

in :
ae tear ge — ea Short Notices

dium ranunculacearum DC.

: ae LONDON: :
WEST. NEWMAN & 60., 5A, HATTON GARDEN, ne
3 & G0, 8 SOHO ee eo

“1884.

THE JOURNAL OF BOTA
BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

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a hy answ wer io inquiries as ‘6 ak a umbe
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Vols. 4x: (1868—71), edited ies
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ae Vols. XIX—XXI, (1880-83), edited by.

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260. | AUGUST, 1884. -—-Vol. XXII.

THE

URNAL OF BOTANY
BRITISH AND FOREIGN, :

EDITED BY *:

JAMES BRITTEN, ‘FLL.S.,

‘CONTEN TS.
PA : AGE
arsupelia ope anes ( cry By — Di
W.H. Pear (Plate 248).. 225 tion of Callitriche obtusangula
ee) iza ov

" “i JE agen Conyac bs Lede Bataned Berk: & Br., &c.. in

ga7 4
Bode ae es Oe Suffolk. — Centaurea ‘Jacea in
New Chives nies lair BY : Sussex.—Hants Plants.—Buceks |
ae , PHLD., &e... © +- 231 Plants. New British Hepatiog.
I = Sars Terms for pike. Bedfordshire heal sites
~ Scence. By F.B. Forpes, F.L.S. 232 | officinalis Moench. .. «- ++
S eissipl nike Mosses. By H. Official Report for is . the De-
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ttish Plants and ‘ Topographical tish Muse By 1 :
otany.” oH: $, £ i. * ae y.

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In ans swer o inquiries as to back numbers of 1

Borany, we give the following st ;
Vols. L—IX. (186871), edited ne the late Dr.
Vols. X.—XVIIL. (1872—79, ), edited by ‘Dr. ae
Vols. XIX.—XXI- (1880--83), edited by Mr.
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ap, and Bae be hanes e pre Publi
fo

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Mn 261. SEPTEMBER, 1884. -—=SVoodi. XXII,

THE

JOURNAL OF BOTANY

‘BRI [ISH AND FOREIGN.

rash Peete cue S a Ti Be

History}. § K

c 0 - x ENT Se
- PAGE
lants Flowering in Seis a" Trish Plants. — Bees and Erica
February, “ee _ By Rev. T-&. — a es alee anterct Fu-
~ Peesron en. Potosi is aoe ma a@ pratensis in

some ©: Chinese Species of »
honey af Fr ANCIS BACK- ao Wovicus i Tide ae
The Students. lea of the Bri. oe

Buick: “T Midaleses Plants .. 278 =

as on Dorset Plants. ey Bev. :
W. Moxie Roczrs, F.L.S. - 266 KOSL. to. &e. pide 280
Perthshire Plants = oe S. ‘Manual of of the Mosees of North
ne 1.P fats

ERS, s (Com by Gok Nokes sy
4 a75 : F ae
Z oe New Buekee se S62 se 5 SRE
Swort Notes. Goigesita prolifera

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Vols FIL. (186 ce are on sale
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| THIRD (Demy) EDITIO Ne Tilsstrted
oe a ~~ including on one of shes 3 Fe
Under each Species there is
- Localities, and full Direct

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within the Postal Union a Hytrin bg :

262. OCTOBER, 1884. -~—*Vol. XXII.

THR ~My hide

BRI ris AND FOREIGN.

JAMES BRITTEN, F.L. So

4 Hisro RY), EK

CONTENTS.

wre Pan oheki ited tion. Shetland Plants. —

litriche obtusangula eks. —
289 arex stricta in. Northampton-
shi d West Suff Bees :
90 - and Erica cinerea.— Hieractum __ ;
5 - horeale in the Teign Valley .. 300

on Dorset Plants. By Rev. oe o
Mores Rogers, E. LS. beg fies Notices or Books :— j
: Short Notices. .. 22% «2 4. 308
ea 2 Noe Risks ee
ELRS., &é Con. > Beticloas as ep ie 303
aed) t SO Articles in Journals. cee Rie
Piponas Cesatii Van Notes on the Structure, the Occur. _
——New rrey ants. rence Bae Lancashire, sae thie 5
Bu ingitamshire Sphagaicee. .. |. Seuree of Origin, o oe
tha, ot seciackre var. 2H shee ee a Delile, bor’ Delilei (Magnus. oe
era

tris im cestershire. —Z
ae or Lincoln.—A Gorree (Plates 3 249-252, and bre 305

‘eo ee

a . yes LONDON : ae
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MEMORY & SUCCESS.

HAT contributes greatly to success ?

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ysician, erchant, Lawyer, Manufacturer, Farmer, Botanist, &e

A good memory.
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ae 3 Chae A Physiological Art of Never Hoge
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os P PROCTOR, Dr. ANI DREW. WILSON, Sapa gis others who ba
,. system.
Treat i bee to Correspondence Classes in “ Never forgetting ”
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an
Professor LOISETTE, 37, New Oxrorp Srreet, Loxpox.

BOTANICAL DRYING PAPER
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A-WEEDS. |

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THE

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ae.
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JAMES BRITTEN Rok: Si

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£

Derk OG e NTENTS.

PAGE
Note on ¢ British Gymnospor-

rence in Lane: sshire wat he angi. 35 C. B. Prowrtent. 347

Source of Origin : ;

mined a Dell var. tilt Magi Srorr Nos. — Juncus diffusus

By Cuartes . Baey, PL. S. ‘ Hoppe. ere soe Flowers Ces :

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set

Notices OF OKs: Brats

S$
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rev, MAG FES... 2. 346 Short at See

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No. 264. DECEMBER, 1884. Vol. XxH. |}

THE

BRITISH AND FOREIGN, &

ee BRITTEN, F.L.S.,

CONTENTS.
PAGE { PAGE
he late nome Bentham, F.R.S. | Plants ree ecorded in Westerness ad-

By B. Daypox Jaéxson, See.L.S. ditional to Tonsco tee Bo-

With Portrait}... ~ 353 | tany. ce Ee er: Ae R. —
eee ge MAL oo 5 - 371

ahl.— The i 4 Synopsis of the Genus Sélagine dll.

Madras | _ByJ.G.Baxer, F.R. eee &e. Shim
re TRIMEN, tinued) foe beg pee a

eat 2 z $e

~ 308 | Suont Notes.—-Lysimachia is
{
7

s colleeted in Costa Bisa by a ne Alge at Lyme
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Orehidacens Epipbyti ae piies No. we saree (Fries) in eee, ae
as des se ¢ Henr-F, Hance... 364 7) ryshir is Bis
fom New Chinese cig ateny ace pot Rape ae ee Ea he ae
: geek asor Ph. D., BLS: 369 | ” Diseases of Field and Series PE ee:
eee to the Rucciaed ¥ a of | Grops, ehiefly such as are cansed —
Sesh hess ree Sa at L by t By se
ON, 3 > BEL N, | ny o* oe
: De ae ae | Traité de Botanique Médicale re,
a — ae —— fee
EES. i {860 Pe ee oe ag ee ae
Anew as of aibuce fom Aden i. see er ea ae oe
By H. N. Roioiay, M_A,F.LS... 370 | ~ Articles i in Journals _ inate ake 380

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