€ (e © p THE 1.3% TRANSACTIONS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY س‎ OF LON DON. VOLUME XXX. E PART JHE FIRST. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. LONDON: PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET: SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S APARTMENTS, HOUSE AL UVO, AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER- ROW. TARA CONTENTS. PART I.—1874. I. Notes on the Tree Ferns of British Sikkim, with Descriptions of three New Specie: and a few supplemental remarks on their relations to Palms and Cycads. By JOHN Scott, Curator of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta. (Communicated 09 THOMAS ANDEENON, MD ELS) =- oe هم مب‎ s Ol II. On some Recent forms of Lagen from Deep-sea Soundings in the Java Seas. By F. W. Owen Rymer Jones. (Communicated by H. T. STAINTON, Esq., Sec. 45955) CT ; Qu. NI. us uus a III. On the Habits, Structure, and Relations of the Three-banded Armadillo o co conurus, Is. Geoff.). By Dr. James Murr, F.L.S., F.G.S., dc. . . 71 IV. Enumeration of the Orchids collected by the Rev. E. C. PARISE in the neighbour- - hood of Moulmein, with SS the New A By Professor H. G. REICHENBACH, E . . . i se e MN THE TRANSACTIONS OF. THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LONDON. VOLUME XXX. be. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. LONDON: PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET: SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S APARTMENTS, BURLINGTON-HOUSE; AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER-ROW. M.DCCC.LXXV. A e ac Ynya CONTENTS, PART 1.—June, 1874. m Notes on the Tree Ferns of British Sikkim, with Descriptions of three New Species, and afew supplemental remarks on their relations to Palms and Cycads. By JOHN Scorr, Curator of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta. (Communicated by THOMAS ANDAR, ED, PERS . 5. ls. s. A II. -On some Recent forms of Lagen» from Deep-sea Soundings in the Java Seas. By F. W. Owen Rymer Jones. (Communicated by H. T. STAINTON, Bsq., Sec. 439810 oouo 3, oux o ee III. On the Habits, Structure, and Relations of the Three-banded Armadillo uec conurus, Is. Geoff.) By Dr. James MURIE, F.L.S., PAS, $c. . . 71 IV. Enumeration of the Orchids collected by the Rev. E. C. PARISH in the neighbour- hood of Moulmein, with Descriptions of the new 1 Species. a Professor H. G. BEIDHREPAOHO RE ee IB D er coe PODS مر‎ is PART II.—November, 1874. V. On the Lecythidacee. By Joun MIERS, e 5 EB, Y PI, pw et Com- mend. Ord. Imp. Bras. Rose, e... . . 157 VI. Systematic List of the Spiders at present known to inhabit Great Britain and Ireland. By the Rev. O. P. CAMBRIDGE, M.A., C.-M.Z.S. . . . . . 919 PART 111.—March, 1875. VII. Revision of the Suborder Mimosee. m GEORGE BENTHAM, s + FARA, RES; i : ; 27 880 TRANSACTIONS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIET Y. I. Notes on the Tree Ferns of British Sikkim, with Descriptions of three New Species, and a few, supplemental remarks on their relations to Palms and Cycads. By JOHN Scorr, Curator of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Caleutta. (Communicated by THOMAS ANDERSON, M.D., F.L.S.) (Plates I-XVIII.) Read February 17th, 1870. THE Tree Ferns of British Sikkim belong to the genera Cyathea, Hemitelia, and Also- phila,—the former being represented by the only known species in India proper (the C. spinulosa), Hemitelia also by a single species (which seems to me new, the M. deci- piens, n. sp.), and Alsophila by four out of the five known continental Indian species and two others which I do not think have been hitherto described. I thus recognize eight indigenous species; and it is interesting to note that these may all be collected in a three-miles walk from the bungalow on the Cinchona plantations at Rungbee. I need scarcely add that such specific concentrations of tree ferns are rarely to be met with in India. It is also noteworthy that while the temperate forests at elevations of from 5000-6500 feet abound in a variety of the humbler fern forms, two only of the nobler forms occur in these regions. What is therein wanting in variety, however, is largely com- pensated for by the number and luxuriance of individuals; and it is by no means rare to find both species forming extensive groves, in which are specimens from 40 to 50 feet in height, with undivided or branching stems and. many-headed coronas of wide-spreading graceful fronds. The tropical species, on the other hand, are in general much isolated, from the extensive clearances of their habitats by the Lepchas for the cultivation of their maize, millet, eleusine, and other crops; so that along whole ranges of those mountain- flanks, the tree fern rarely greets the eye, and we must needs search for them in the deep recesses of their valleys, by the recky forest-clad banks of rivers, and other uncul- tivable places. There are several such refuges in the lands reserved. by Government for cinchona cultivation; and endemic to them, as Ihave above stated, are, fortunately for their VOL. XXX. Be 2 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. preservation, all the Sikkim species with which I have any acquaintance. These, I may state, have been all lately introduced to the Botanical Gardens, Caleutta; and nearly all. are now thriving surprisingly in a lightly thatched structure, similar to those in use among the natives of various parts of Bengal for the growth of their ** pawn ” or betel-pepper. Simple though these structures be, they are most effective, and, indeed, indispensable, enabling us to grow satisfactorily these shade- and moisture-loving plants, which would barely survive a single day's exposure in the hot season of Lower Bengal. The altitudinal distribution of the species is interesting, and in a few cases increases the range respectively affixed by Mr. Baker in his valuable contribution to fern-geo- . graphy (vide Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. pt. 1, p. 305). Taking the genera in systematic sequence, we have first the Cyathea spinulosa, which scarcely occurs above 2000 feet or descends below 1000 feet, though nowhere common, and decidedly one of the rarest of the Sikkim species. The Lepchas very frequently confound this plant with the next, Hemitelia decipiens, mihi, recognizing them under the name of “ pügzheek-nók," though those of them better up in plant-lore distinguish it under the names of * pánhjüm" and "pügzliock." They resemble each other not a little in habit and armature, occurring also at similar elevations, though 7. decipiens has a more extensive range, ascending to 3000 feet, and of frequent occurrence, especially in the valleys of the Rungbee and the Rungjo. At elevations of 4000 feet Alsophila latebrosa, the ** pügzheek ” of the Lepchas, makes its appearance, becomes abundant at 5500 feet, ascending to elevations of 6500 feet and upwards, as on the birch-hill near Darjeeling. Within this range we have also an abundance of Alsophila comosa, the “ páshin" of the Lepchas, a species of wonderful prolifieness, and forming, in its season of verdure, some of the prettiest and rhost ex- tensive groves that are to be seen in Sikkim. Similar though these species are, how- ever, in their altitudinal range, 4. comosa is notably less widely distributed than 4. late- brosa, which is first'seen on the ascent of the hills from Punkabaree, and that in con- siderable abundance, on the banks of the D rjeeling road, below Kursiong, thence upwards to elevations of 6500 feet, encircling and more or less abundantly interspersed through the whole of these moist forest ranges; while A. comosa is rarely met with until the mountain Sinchal has been reached, when it is by far the more abundant of the two*. Associated with these are a few subarboreous species, and very many kinds of humbler form, The more conspicuous of the forner are Angiopteris evecta, which, at elevations of 6000 feet, attains most gigantic proportions +. The following are the measurements rainy season (the beginning of July, and fully a month earlier than unfold a frond, until the cold season has fairly set that I fear, ere a single cycle has been completed, its season of rest and defoliation will have recurred; the many adventitious buds do not differ, having all remained frondless. + This species is also found in the tropical forests, as in the valley of the Teesta, attaining half the dimensions of those in the temperate forests; indeed the at an elevation of 500 feet; but scarcely “big” and “little Tückbo." Lepchas distinguish them as the ae ERE‏ او Een‏ ی و a E IE PEEN‏ ا Se ne ای با‎ anna in Hd OPT بت کارت‎ all PETIT SE ge et VR ERE A Y E E ER ERE ES e ac he a LN en nz, MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 3 of a plant of this species which Mr. Gammie was good enough to take for me. The plant was growing by the side of the Darjeeling and Rungbee road, at an elevation of 5000 feet; and, as Mr. Gammie remarks, there were many other specimens of larger dimensions in the interior of the jungle. The caudex was 2 feet 4 inches in height, and 2 feet 6 inches in diameter; stipes 5 feet 8 inches long, with a circumference at the base of - 14 inches; frond 15 feet 8 inches in length, and 9 feet 4 inches broad ; and the diameter from apex to apex of opposite fronds was 24 feet. These plants, abundant as they are in the forest ranges, are strikingly ornamental with their glossy dark-green fronds, and surprised me not a little when I first saw them at such altitudes, accustomed as I had been to see them cultivated in stoves at home. Under the latter treatment the stipes are more slender, the fronds less rigid, and the tissues altogether laxer, as is shown by a measurement of Mr. J. Smith (Ferns, Brit. and Foreign, p. 333), in which he speaks of a plant of this species at Kew reaching the height of 12 feet, spreading outwards, forming a diameter of 34 feet. There are several other handsome subarborescent species (Dipla- eium maximum, D. polypodioides, D. latifolium) abundant at the same altitude; and here also occurs, though somewhat locally, the magnificent Gleichenia longissima (@. gigantea, Wall), with stout stipes, 8 to 10 or more feet high, interlacing them- selves amongst low bushes &e., from which they send their large gracefully drooping fronds. "We have also from this altitude, upwards to considerable elevations, the antique-looking Spheropteris barbata, with its densely hoary-scaled stipes, and such other interesting kinds as JVephrodiwm splendens, N. apieifolium, and crinipes, and Polypodium ornatum, all handsome and striking objects in the undergrowth of the forests*. The next of the tree ferns which we find in descending from these elevations are the Alsophila ornata and A. contaminans, the latter in two varieties. These occur at eleva- tions of 3000 feet, and descend in the valleys of the Rungbee and the Rungjo to 1000 feet. A. contaminans, var. Brunoniana, is by far the most abundant of the tropical Alsophile ; indeed I haveonly seen a single specimen of A. contaminans, var. a, in the Rungbee valley. 4. ornata is also extremely rare, though (unlike its ally 4. Andersoni) * After an absence of two years or so from Sikkim, I was much struck on my return with the avidity (so to speak) with which several plants (previously rare in the extreme) had taken to the newly made cuttings of the forest-paths, and sprung up in abundance. Amongst others which struck me I may note Spheropteris barbata and Gleichenia longissima, the former of which was one of the rarest plants on the mountain Sinchal, and the latter confined to a few localities. Now both will soon be amongst the commonest ferns of the mountain ; everywhere above 5000 feet we find them springing up in abundance along the newly eut pathways. The most striking feature, however, was the many kinds of beautiful Strobilanthi, then in full lower, and converting miles of those forest-paths into matchless stretches of beautifully diversified bloom, though in the forest-interiors you might have searched everywhere and rarely found those species, and that only sparingly distributed in isolated groups of a few individuals. ~ I wondered much, and still do wonder, therefore, how they are now so equally distributed along those miles of pathway. In the ease of the ferns, whose spores are carried in every breath of wind, explanations are easy; but with the Acanthacec, whose seeds are alike too heavy for such a transit, and devoid of any apparatus for distribution by birds or animals, there is not a little difficulty. Clearly they could not have thus been dispersed (as we may presume the spores havc been when conditions favourable to their germination presented themselves), but in all probability have been buriec. there for years, though we have difficulty in keeping them even for a few months by our modes of preservation, B2 4 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. it is not confined to these valleys, but is also found in the Khasia and Naga Hills. A. An- dersoni is, so far as yet known, confined to the shadiest forest glades of the Rungbee and the Rungjo, where it is found at elevations of from 1000 to 2500 feet, and there by no means uncommon. It was first discovered by Dr. Anderson, Superintendent of the Botanical Gardens here, in 1867. I have therefore much pleasure in associating his name with one of the handsomest of the Indian tree ferns, and one which seems peculiar to those tracts on which, and in spite of all the many predictions of failure, utter unsuitability, &c. &c., he has nevertheless reared some of the most healthy, vigorous, and extensive Cinchona plantations that are to be seen in India*. 4. glabra is the most strictly tropical of all the Sikkim species occurring in low tropical valleys, and nowhere ascending, I be- lieve, beyond 800 feet. At this elevation, however, it is rare in the extreme, becoming : more abundant downwards, and rather frequent in the moister parts of the Darjeeling Teraie. In passing through the Teraie, on the Ganges and Darjeeling road, I found in an adjoining thicket beyond Gareedhoora several handsome young specimens of this species from 4 to 8 feet in height, springing, with many others in less advanced stages, from a prostrated caudex. Beyond the Balasun river, in the south forests of the Dulka Jhar, I am informed by Dr. Anderson that it is very abundant. The above species (exclusive of the two from the higher altitudes, which are, course, beyond the limits of successful Quina-cultivation) are found on the government-preserved Cinchona-lands; so that in Sikkim, as Humboldt informs us is the case in the natural habitats of the Quina barks, arborescent ferns are usually found associated with the tree which confers such benefits on mankind by its fever-healing bark. Both indicate by their presence the happy region where reigns a soft perpetual spring. (* Aspects,’ vol. ii. p. 28.) In the Darjeeling Teraie, beyond the region of the tree fern, the dwarf herbaceous species are also rare; and of the many which -haunt the dripping forests above, a very few are now seen, and those no longer perennially verdant, but, comporting themselves in accordance with the changed condition, complete their annual growth in the rainy and cold Seasons, and pass in a dormant frondless state the subsequent hot months. The general unsuitableness of these tracts to fern-growth is thus patent to the least observant who have seen the many forms which every 1 forests of the higher altitudes, The list annexed which descend below the tree-fern limits, leeted them in Oetober 1868, within a Bungalow. not (as is too frequently the ease in‏ و Indian plantations) sprinkled with a few plants, merely with a view to increase acreage and, consequently expendi- ture in keeping clear gaps of bare land. ا اج LEE TEN TENA qu SAR i aD Vata EE ERR PRI TR E‏ TS EE TP A a UTR E d Mr O IR e E in nn T E ds emm MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. Those marked * are all found in the vicinity of Calcutta. Gleichenia dichotoma, Willd. Dicksonia scabra, Wall. Lindsaya lanceolata, Lab. *Adiantum caudatum, Linn. x lunulatum, Burm. Cheilanthes tenuifolia, Sw. varians, Hook. — — farinosa, Kaulf. argentea, H., K. Onychium auratum, Kaulf. *Pteris longifolia, Linn. crenata, Sw. aquilina, Linn. var. lanuginosa, Hook. Nephrodium pennigerum, Hook. molle, Desv. *Nephrolepis cordifolia, Baker. *Polypodium proliferum, Presl. * —— irioides, Lam. * سس‎ quercifolium, Linn. —— punctatum, Thunb. var. rugulosum, Labill. Vittaria lineata, Sw. *Acrostichum scandens, J. Sin. *Lygodium dichotomum, Sw. scandens, Sw. — — pinnatifidum, Sw. *—— japonicum, Sw. RR A OP IUE LUE Rel O O u Y ng Picts eee ee SER biaurita, Linn. *Ceratopteris thalictroides, Brong. * Blechnum orientale, Linn. * Asplenium esculentum, Presl. Nephrodium extensum, Hook. Ophioglossum nudicaule, L. fil. vulgatum, Linn. Lycopodium cernuum, Linn. Selaginella imbricata, J. Scott. semicordata, J. Scott. The Gleichenia dichotoma, though very generally distributed in the tropical and sub- tropical regions of both hemispheres, and even extending to temperate altitudes, as in Sikkim, where it is found at elevations of 5000-6000 feet, is rarely seen in the plains of Bengal. In the present instance it is not at all uncommon, forming on dry banks near the Julpigoree road a dwarf rigid scrub (on which the goats browse) from 1 to 2 feet or so in height. In the moister and shadier localities adjoining, it ascends amongst the branches of shrubs to the height of 6 feet.’ In the latter habitats it is usually associated with Dicksonia scabra, Lindsaya lanceolata, Lygodium dichotomum, japonicum, and scandens. 'The latter species is especially abundant and extremely ornamental, com- pletely enveloping many of the shrubs, and even small trees 20 feet in height. Chei- lanthes tenuifolia, varians, and C. farinosa are locally abundant on many of the drier banks of the Julpigoree roads, occasionally interspersed with a few plants of Onychium auratum. Pteris aquilina, var. lanuginosa, Y found only in the ruins of an old brick building near the banks of the Mahanudi. In similar habitats, Polypodium punctatum, var. ruguloswm (which in all except the fructifieation so much resembles the last species), is by no means rare. Ceratopteris thalietroides is an annual, frequent in the rainy season in excavations by the sides of the roads &e.; and very frequently the banks of these are covered with the drooping branchlets of the Lycopodium cernuum, and more rarely with patches of the above-named Selaginelle. Both the latter are strietly plants of the rainy season, or at least disappear early in the cold season. Ophioglossum nudicaule seems to be an exceedingly rare plant, and was found by me only on dry sandy banks near the Mahanudi. O. vulgatum (if really distinct from the po is of more —— occurrence in moist and shady lands. These plants, however, 6 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. appear to me very doubtfully distinct, and to merge into one another as they pass from 1 moister to drier habitats, so that they are with difficulty separable. Economic Uses.—The central cellular parts of the stems of three species of the Sikkim tree ferns are eaten by the Lepchas in times of scarcity, when other and more palatable food cannot be obtained ; and when their favourite “mürwah” fails them, they extract from the tree ferns also a similarly intoxicating drink. The preparatory process is as follows; and the species used are Cyathea spinulosa, Alsophila comosa, and A. Andersoni. They first strip the caudex of its hardened rind-like substance and the woody laminze, and then eut and slice into small pieces the central cellular interior, which they then boil for an | hour, apparently with the view of expelling the tannic and gallie aeids, which are always more or less present, and then steep in cold water for about twenty-four hours, when it is placed on a plantain or other large leaf and thoroughly dried in the sun, so as to pre- serve it as required for use. Some eight or ten days previous to its being required it is mixed and fermented with about one third of its bulk of boiled rice, when, as in the case _ of the “ mürwäh,” it is placed in the joint of a bamboo, filled up with warm water, and sucked through the slender branchlets of a bamboo. This moisture is called by the Lepchas * rückshie," and is said to be even more intoxicating than the mürwáh, though they much prefer that. It is therefore chiefly used (as Mr. Munro, of the Cinchona plantations, Poomang, informs me) in the early part of the rainy season, when their old murwa grain is done, and their new unripe. It is noteworthy that they will not eat nor extract the “rickshié” from the cellular matter of the Alsophila contaminans, var. Brunoniana, though it is entirely free from the woody bundles, which are the only reason they assign for not using the Alsophila latebrosa and glabra. They assure me that the pulpy matter of A. contaminans, var. Brunoniana, when eaten, causes nausea, vomiting, and purging, with griping and distention of the stomach. Such at least is the account given me by our Lepcha plant-collectors and one or two it must possess some noxious quality or another ; otherwise the Lepcha would not trouble himself by a hill-ascent of some 4000 feet for 4. comosa, when he might have an abun- dance of the other species in proximity to his another species used for food by sia dde SE recognize two varieties—one in which the interior of the caudex, dull greyish white. In no other characters, however, do they present any differences, so that even the Lepchas, accustomed to gather them from their infancy, can enl distin ui the two by cutting the caudex. I may remark, however that as Solon dii : do not arise, as might be suspeeted, from their fr i ae ; and the characters are | The red variety is called by the Lepchas eae ae hi are a few others of the dwarfer and sub t MM "venie in their curries, dic, Botrychium daucifolium, which is exceedingly M wes pr of Sikkim at elevations of from 3000 to 9000 feet or more, is a in Roll فا‎ NIE by Dr. Hooker. This species has also (as its congener B. Tan in Scotland in olden times) magical virtues ascribed to i | young and old individuals. arborescent species, of which they use the young other of their sirdars: anyhow . dwelling. The Angiopteris evecta is — the Lepehas, much as they would a yam, by slicing and appendages is of a light pinky red, and the other in which it is a the white “ Tückvöo-doom.” There - t; and on certain days the | MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 7 Lama, or high priest of the Lepchas, has the interior of his temples and altars strung with moonwort for one or other of his gods. "The Lepchas also, like many other of the natives of India, cook the insipid tubers of Nephrolepis tuberosa—the poorest fare of all, and one certainly on which man or beast will be more likely to die than live. The Lepcha, however, in his native forest, would scarcely starve, so well does he know the qualities, and so readily can he pounce upon the more or less nutritious roots, the pulpy stem, leaves, or seeds—a knowledge evidently acquired by hard experience, and trans- mitted from generation to generation. It seems, indeed, with this race, a parent's first duty to acquaint his child with the products, nutritious and noxious, of his native forests ; and the aptitude with which they acquire this knowledge is truly surprising, and rather the result of the operation of instinct than that of experience or previously ac- quired knowiedge through the senses. Anyhow the necessity of circumstances stimu- lates the acquirement of such knowledge, and well supports Mr. Darwin’s view, that from innumerable experiments made through dire necessity by the savages of every land, with the results handed down by tradition, the nutritious, stimulating, and medicinal properties of the most unpromising plants were probably first discovered. Anatomy of Caudex.—The following remarks under this head, though possessing but slight claims to originality, will, I have thought, be of some service in their negative or affirmative relations to the statements of other observers, which are in several points very conflicting and still, in fact, sub lite. Thus, according to Mirbel, the caudex consists of “a simple fascis of petioles or leaf-stalks" (Elémens de Phys. Végét. i. p. 121), an opinion indorsed by Lindley, Balfour, and others in their class-books; while Schleiden considers what he terms the attempt “ to represent the stem of the fern as merely com- posed of leaf-stalks grown together, is so entirely at variance with the law of its develop- ment, and consequently so totally devoid of foundation,” that he does not deem it worth while to contest the point. “Germination,” he continues, “shows that there is a rudi- ment of the stem prior to the formation of the leaves and leaf-stalks " (Schleiden’s * Prin- ciples of Bot.’ p. 197). Less decided though apparently similar opinions are held by Mohl; so also Hofmeister, in his paper on the development of Pieris aquilina (* Higher Cryptogams, p. 225), remarks that *the distribution of the vascular bundles in the unbranched frondless ends of shoots exactly corresponds with that of the frond-bearing stem, a convincing proof that the arrangement of the vascular bundles in the stem is not dependent upon the position of the appendicular organs, or the number and form of the bundles occurring in such organs." With reference to the mode of ramification of the stems of ferne there is also a difference of opinion. Brongniart, Hofmeister, and others confine normal ramification to the bifureation of the apex of the stem above the youngest frond of the bud, and explain the frequent lateral position of one fork of the branch by the more vigorous development of the other. This is the lateral bud ramification of Hofmeister as distin- guished from normal diehotomy, in which there is an equal development of the bifur- cated apex of the stem; while adventitious buds are such as make their appearance underneath the insertion of the youngest appendicular organ, whether on the outer surface or in the interior of the tissue. This view is, of course, perfectly accordant with 8 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. the frequent definite relations between the positions of the branches and jme ir ke main axis. Karsten and Mettenius, having regard to those positional re ations of the branches and the fronds, do not consider that the ramification of ferns is in any respect different from that of pheenogams, both originating in the development of lateral buds, which have a definite positional relation to the appendicular organs. This opinion Met- tenius supports by the occurrence of what he considers truly axillary buds in various species of Trichomanes and the variously posed infra- or extra-axillary buds of the Da- valliee. Under the same category Mettenius places the buds found on the stipes of Pteris aquilina and Aspidium Filix-mas, though these are evidently, as Hofmeister remarks, “ adventitious buds distinct from the true ramifications of the stems." The real difference between the views, then, resolves itself into the question whether the bifurcation of the caudex, and the genesis of buds at the base of the stipes, are cognate phenomena, and relatively to the main axis analogous to the axillary buds of phzenogams. Hofmeister replies in the negative, and supports his position by various arguments, which I shall subsequently notice. The general structure of the caudex has been skilfully treated by Mohl (vide Martius, Ic. Plant. Crypt. Bras. p. 40.) ; but as there are still differences of opinion, as I have above shown, on several important points, and others in which there seems to mea - general misconception, I have taken advantage of the opportunities afforded me in the : Sikkim forests to secure stems of the various species; and the result of my examinations of these I now beg to submit to this Society. | | The structure of the caudex is pretty clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings. | Of these I may first refer to the various transverse sections shown on Plates I., II, & III. " The section of Alsophila latebrosa (Pl. I. fig. 2), from a newly cut stem, presents a large central mass of parenchyma, in which are imbedded a number of isolated fibro-vasculat bundles, with a triple series of sinuous woody laminz on its periphery, and externally - encased in a sort of hardened rind. In fig. 4, it will be observed that the number of the | large isolated woody bundles in the central cellular axis is greatly reduced, and indeed _ chiefly confined to the periphery, while in Pl. 11. fig. 4 they are entirely absent. So 4 | also we find variations presented in the degree of continuity of the woody laminse, each loop eorresponding to the origin of a frond. This character, however, unlike those of the isolated woody bundles, is by no means specifically characteristic, but variable even in the same individual, and largely dependent on the health of the plant, and of course on the angular divergence of the frond. This is well shown by reference to Pl. IV. figs. 1, 2, & 3, representing three sections of Alsophila contaminans. Fig. 1 represents a section at two feet from the base, and presents only three plates arising from 4 frond- arrangement, while in fig. 2, of a reduced seetion at 8 feet from the base, there are five distinet plates corresponding with a $ angular divergence of the fronds. The section from the dried stem (fig. 3) exhibits the peculiar W-like lamin as generally represented in botanical manuals, and, as in fig. 2, is characterized by a 2 frond-arrangement. d lamina is simply a result of the contraction of the cellular occurs in the line of origin of a new frond in the lamina 4 en effected with the adjoining lamina û. Mohl, in his treatise parts. The disjunction before a union has be AA EC DLE r خخ خخ‎ A Ss یس ی ی‎ rl RSS ۶ و‎ e SENE STE ee Tine > a E ee ad xs E A A E el TP Tal u e ESTE we MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 9 referred to above (tab. xxix. fig. 2), gives a section of the stem of Alsophila excelsa of an octangular outline, which I have never seen any fern assume. This section presents a noteworthy peculiarity also in the peripheral line of large isolated vascular bundles, which occur in none of the specimens that have come under my observation. I suspect, however, that, though in no way distinguished by Mohl from normal woody bundles, they are merely isolated masses of parenchyma, such as we often find dried sections pre- senting, and, indeed, partially illustrated in the section of Hemitelia decipiens (PL 1. fig. 4). This receives a further confirmation by reference to the magnified portions of the above section (Mohl, tab. xxxii. figs. 1 & 2), which present no vascular tissue in the corresponding stratum. The soft central mass consists of parenchyma, interspersed (as in Pl. I. fig. 2) more or less with, or nearly destitute of, isolated vascular bundles. These bundles present externally a layer of hard brown pleurenchyma, succeeded by a layer of soft paren- chyma, which surrounds a trachenchymatous axis. With regard to the development of these bundles, the generally received opinion (in unison with the theoretical distinction of acrogens) is, that they grow from below upwards, and never in any case extend below the point at which they originated. "This opinion, however, by no means agrees with my observations, throughout which I have invariably found that they originate partly from the axial tissues in proximity to the hard brown diaphragm of the frond, and partly from the margins of the meshes in the woody lamine at the point of origin of the latter. This is very clearly demonstrable by examination of the nascent fronds of Alsophila ornata and latebrosa. The transverse section of the apex of a caudex of A. latebrosa (Pl. TIT. fig. 3) shows the structure and arrangement of the young fronds. Now, in examining these, we find as we pass from those on the periphery to those in the centre the number of free vascular bundles decreasing, and wholly disappearing in the younger or nascent fronds—a result, of course, equally accordant with either view of their origin. Longitudinal sections, however, afford us conclusive evidence, showing the vascular bundles in various stages of development (and, as they appeared to me, always younger and less perfect towards their respective extremities) in the young frond and parenehymatous axis. In their centre, or line of separation of the frond and the caudex, they consist of parallel lines of trachenchymatous tissue, surrounded by thin elongated cells, which pass by a gradual transition into the ordinary parenchymatous tissue of the stem, as in their upward growth they pass by a similar transition into the cellular tissue of the rachis. ; As supporting the view I have taken, I may further remark on the comparative absence of the bundles from the apieal part of the stem, and the non-appearance of any such in an upward course of development. In all cases in which I have been able to trace them to their extremities, I have invariably found a developing apex below and a more perfectly developed tissue upwards, -passing into a stipe. Furthermore, 1 have in no instance observed upwardly-developing ramifications from lower bundles, which evidently should have occurred had the theory of development from below been correct, whereas all seem to. me confirmatory of the opposite view, and point to the inosculations of descending bundles. In 4. latebrosa the free vascular bundles are VOL. XXX. 0 10 . MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. considerably more elongated and less disposed to ramify and anastomose Man are those of A. glabra, so that, as shown in the above-noted plates, their | peines. much simplified. Those bundles from the fully matured fronds I have frequently found to have a downward extension of from 12 to 18 inches and upwards, while those from the younger fronds are always much shorter, indicating a certain reciproci ty of develop; ment. Iam of opinion that the downward development of the bundle is continued until the frond is fully matured. But for such a limitation to the development, the lower parts of the stem would have been much more crowded (and, indeed, ultimately filled) with the descending bundles. This is not the case; and reflecting on the above relations between the development of the younger and older fronds and their respective vascular bundles, I consider myself justified in holding the above view of the limitation of the growth of the latter. ۱ As further supporting the view of an inverse or polar development of the free vascular bundles, I would also direct attention to the very marked difference in the ramification of the bundles in the eaudex and those in the frond. In the latter they are arranged in various planes with an almost specifie regularity, agreeably to a correlated development with the other part ; whereas in the former we find them distributed in a most irregular and complicated manner, which appears to me only explicable when we consider them developed subsequently to the parts in which they are found. Certainly, had they - originated at their lowest point (which must have always been in proximity to the © growing-point, as shown by their appearance in the nascent fronds); and undergone development with the other parts of the caudex, they must necessarily have extended in nearly straight lines between their points of origin and attachment to the diaphragm of the fronds, which, as I have shown, takes place in their earliest stages of de- velopment. ۱ ۱ Schleiden, in criticising Martius's views on a similar development of the vascular — bundles of Palms (Principles of Botany, p. 258), remarks “ that he [Martius] has left ۱ the meaning of the term onward growth of a vascular bundle equivocal. If it means _ that the already existing elongated cells become transformed into vascular bundles, it deseribes no peculiar process of growth; the vascular bundles were already to be dis- " tinguished in their elementary condition: but if it means that the cells themselves of * which the vascular bundles are composed are produced subsequently, originating above 3 | first, and proceeding downward, this is, I believe, erroneous." If, as Schleiden states, — BEN has expressed himself ambiguously (though I can scarcely doubt that his " guage implies other than an organizing force at both extremities), Gaudichaud distinctly states that their development commences in the centre, whence an ascending and descending portion are gradually organized (vide Recherches gén. sur l'Organo- "uode &e. 1841). Schleiden, in opposition to such views, maintains (and is supported: y Henfrey and others) that the lower extremity of the vascular bundles indicates the | point of origin, whence they grov | tions on the stems of the various palms which I have had an o here, I am convinced that both of the above views require modification, and that a portion only of the woody bundles develops from both extremities, while in the others ٠ å me Y [4 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. ONE growth is confined to the upper extremity ; so that we have exemplified in them both the simultaneous and definite modes of vascular growth. This will be best explained by reference to the supplemental plate which I have added, showing a vertieal section of Euterpe. olivacea. The youngest or nascent leaves are in this wholly composed of cellular tissue; and it is by no means difficult to trace the origin and development of those vaseular bundles characterized by growth at both extremities. "Tho first indications of these are to be found in the younger leaves in the form of parallel lines of elongated cells continuous with others similarly characterized in the stem, which by graduated stages of development pass in the older leaves into the normal vascular bundles., These appeared to me to have their origin on the summit of the stem, on lines corresponding with the axis of the leaves, whence they grow upwards into the leaf and downwards into the stem. These are the analogues of, though differing in structure from, the free woody bundles of the Fern stem. In all the Palm stems which I have examined (Areca gracilis and Catechu, Euterpe edulis, Arenga saccharifera, Caryota urens, Borassus, Livistona, and Cocos nucifera), I find a further concordance in the course of these bundles in the stem, which, proceeding from the base of the fronds, pass more or less into the central parts of the stem, though by no means at a uniform angle, whence with a slight outward curve they pass down and insinuate themselves in a more or less parallel manner amongst the adjoining bundles. In none of the many sections I have made, however, could I find any traces of that regulated curving or spiral turning of the bundles, which is usually represented in diagrams of the Monocotyledonous stem. Henfrey has remarked in his interesting paper on some points in the structure and growth of Monocotyledons (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 183), ** In speaking of crossing, it must always be recollected that this term is used rather loosely, as the upper bundles take very variable courses to get to the outer sides of the lower ones .... so that it is only here and there that a section will exhibit a direct crossing like that usually shown in diagrams." This is, no doubt, quite correct so far as a continuity of the individual bundles is con- cerned; but it fails to show why in every section of a palm-stem (at least in all that I have made) the fibro-vascular bundles are seen passing from the fronds towards the centre, but none passing thence to the periphery: manifestly if such had been the arrangement, every radial section of any length ought to have shown at least portions of the bundles on both courses, which they certainly do not *. * The remarkable and frequently sudden enlargement of the caudex of certain palms towards the middle has been frequently remarked by travellers in the tropies. Various illustrations of this have been given by Martius in his great work, as also by Wallace in his more accessible and interesting treatise on the Palms of the Amazon. In the Indian species this bulging tendeney seems to be developed in no very marked degree, and, so far as I have observed, confined to the Arecinem. Several of our garden specimens of Oreodowa regia and Euterpe edulis exhibit it in a more or less marked manner, and afforded me materials for the following observations. The finest specimen of Oreodoxa here is over 70 feet in height, with a basal girth of caudex of 92 inches, tapering upwards to 63 inches at 5 feet, whence it thiekens upwards to 68 inches at 8 feet, to 78 inches at. 10 feet, thence undiminished to the top. Now looking at such a specimen, it is impossible to offer a hint as to the probable cause for the enlargement. Young specimens, however, as it appears to me, are more suggestive. Thus in looking over a long avenue of these, in height (caudex) varying from 4 to 8 feet, I observed a few with very marked enlargements at about 4 feet from the base, while the others tapered gradually from the base to the top. To illustrate, in one specimen the basal cir- EX c2 12 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. The development of the vascular bundles composing the am I d e rounding the central cellular axis of the fern-stem, unlike that of th iiir j limited io their upper extremities. In a transverse d of a, : inn M stem (vide Pl. II. figs. 1 & 2) the woody bundles ih ses x: ans Mee spiral manner, on an expanded, nearly horizontal sur ac 2 odo (indieating the points of origin of the future fronds), passing Lol ae tions into sinuous plates. In tracing the developmen of this p | m e deam that the dotis of cells has but limited radii, and = d = periphery of the flattened apex and before its incipient paris have assume vei er position on the stem, all inerease is by simple expansion of the already forme i which become from four to seven times às large. It is only by this increase (caused by cell-expansion) of the bulk of the pith, remarks Hofmeister, that the net of hee bundles is lifted up by degrees and projected upon a cylinder. It is easily d y counting the cells during and after the transition of the net of vascular bundles from the form of a paraboloid to that of a cylinder, that the increase in thickness of the E is not caused by any subsequent new formation of parenchymatal cells, either within > e pith or in the neighbourhood of or between the rudimentary vascular bundles (Higher Crypt. p. 231). The vascular bundles surrounding the apertures of the incipient fronds, cumference (which, I may remark, aequires in nearly all palms a considerable increase from the on gare: advent roots to which it gives origin) was 50 inches, 21 inches at 3 feet, and 18 inches at 4 feet, thence cylindrical to the top. Again, in a second specimen the basal girth was 52 inches, decreasing to 23 inches at 4 feet, e again e what suddenly increasing to 27 inches at 5 feet, thence cylindrical. Now in regard to the first specimen (as to all those in the avenue with unbulged caudices), it had been thus far infertile, while in the other spadices had ven produced, and that where the caudex first undergoes an enlargement, The spadices are henceforward produced with great regularity from every axil, the caudex increases in thickness to the point of origin of the sixth or seventh spadix, where it seems to attain its normal diameter, and is continued eylindrically upwards. It thus appears to me that the bulging of the caudex is due to the additional development of woody bundles from the spadix; and I am disposed to attribute such sudden enlargement as those of Iriartea ventricosa to periods when every axil gives origin - to a strong and vigorous spadix, and, on the other hand, the decrease to their frequent abortion. I have further to remark that gouty stems have been observed only amongst the Arecinew, and confined to species with markedly r long sheathing fronds, and almost stem-encircling footstalks of spadices. In the other tribes 3 and Cocoine®) the ligule are short, the petiole at once passes off, at a less or more acute I general very slightly developed, and the spadices by no means originate - developed internodes, (Borassine®, Coryphinee, angle,from the caudex, the internodes are in from every axil; the non-enlargement, however, ment of the woody bundles of the spadix in the Palms") Again, Caryota and Sagus, with centrifugal inflorescences and monocarpie caudices, I may be wrong in the above views ; yet, in reviewing my little aequaintanée with palms, I ean recall no really disproving facts. A few years ago there were several little in these cases may be connected with peculiarities in the develop- tending to settle the question, I may at least produce any report when bursting— further, Euterpe, and other Arecinez, the anthers be permitted to cast my vote, which certainly is that spadices do not of the spathe does not differ, either as to the cause or mode, from the fall of any other articulated organ, undeveloped internodes (vide Schleiden’s * Views on the Stems of | : in the Coryphinez with terminal inflorescence the caudex is cylindrical throughout, and so also in . against ; and, if I mistake not, it yet remains sub lite. Without pre- that in those cases in which I have attended to it, Cocos, Oreodowt, d | do not reach maturity for several days after the splitting up of the interior : 1 face of the spadix, which is further a gradual process, and sometimes extends over four days. The disarticulation — : Se ad E‏ سسکا MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 8 which seem in the transverse sections to have an isolated position, have not really such, as will be seen by a reference to the longitudinal section of A. glabra (Pl. V. fig. 2), in which the woody laminz are continued upwards and along the flattened apex. At this period of development the structure scarcely differs from that of a young Dicotyledonous stem, with whieh type they further agree in undergoing a certain degree of lateral development, until all unite and form a simple tabular circle with spirally arranged lozenge-shaped openings, enclosing a central parenchymatous mass, and enveloped in a cellular rind. There, however, the analogy ceases; and the vital activity, no longer directed to the lateral development in the periodical addition of layers (as in Dicotyledons) to these closed portions, is continued upwards in newer cycles. A lateral and a front view of the woody framework of A. latebrosa, prepared by maceration, is shown on Pl LII.; and I have also given, by way of comparison, sections from the stem of Asplenium esculentum (Pl. XII.) The latter presents a more or less regular series of lozenge-shaped meshes, from the lateral angles of which two vascular bundles pass off into the fronds. In the stems of tree ferns the woody framework is much more largely developed, and a numerous series of branches proceeds from the whole margin of the ellipsoidal spaces for the supply of the fronds, and is not limited, as in the herbaceous species, to the anastomoses of the main bundles. It will also be observed, by a reference to Pl. III. fig. 4, that these lateral or frond-bundles pass off from the main framework in an isolated-cylindrical state, rarely dividing again as they penetrate the diaphragm of the frond. | The arrangement of the woody tissue in the stems of the dwarf herbaceous species is, as might be expected, much less regular than in those of the arborescent species. The irregular distribution of the former is well shown in the various sections of Asplenium esculentum represented in Pl. XII. These differences in the distribution of the woody tissue in the dwarf and arborescent species are no doubt due to the inverse relations, pointed out by Spenser, between the formation of woody tissue and the subjection to mechanical strain. This seems to me borne out by the fact that individuals of the same species when frequenting different habitats—for example, the Asplenium esculentum above referred to, which indifferently occurs on dry banks and old walls, or under the deepest shade (in ditches and by the sides of tanks)—present considerable differences in the degree of development of the woody tissue, those presenting the greatest amount of the latter being invariably the individuals from the deepest and most sheltered habitats. In the arborescent species we also find considerable differences: in the individuals from dense forest-clad ravines the woody laminæ are decidedly thinner and interposed with thicker layers of parenchyma, the arrangement of the fronds becomes less regular, and the interspaces are frequently greatly increased. The, sections of A. contaminans, represented on Pls. IV. € IX., show this in a very marked manner. The latter of these, with the distantly arranged fronds, oblong scars, with irregularly distributed inner vascular bundles, is drawn from a living specimen in the fernery of the Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, and presents a striking contrast to the symmetrically arranged quadrate scars and arcuately distributed vascular bundles which were afforded by the other section of a specimen which I cut on the Poomong Cinchona-lands (Pl. IV. 14 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. fig. 3). The plant grew amongst moist rocks, comparatively free from all other ] arborescent vegetation, and unsheltered from sun and winds. 1 The distribution of the vascular woody bundles in the stipes of tree ferns has also very _ evident relations to mechanical conditions. In the sections of the different species +: represented in Pl. VIL, the woody bundles form rings concentric with the periphery of | the stipes, with either rafter-like strutts passing off at an acute angle from the upper 1 sides towards the interior, or somewhat irregularly distributed towards the upper — periphery, but in either case increasing the strength of the upper planes. Now in the - large horizontal spreading fronds of ferns it is evident that the greatest pressure will - fall upon the upper side, so that the above arrangement perfectly accords with the - mechanical conditions. In the sarmentose and rhizomatous species similar relations are obvious, the development of woody tissue in these organs having generally an - inverse relation to the fronds which they support; and they are very markedly influenced - by habitat. Thus Polypodium phymatodes, when growing in its indigenous habitats, - has à much-hardened parenchymatous stem, studded in the central parts with slender — woody bundles, and a ring of larger bundles near the periphery. In culture, under shade, it becomes softer and less tenacious in all its parts. So also the sarmentum of Acrostichum scandens, which has a a central pith-like substance surrounded by a layer of woody matter and an excentric ring of unequal-sized woody bundles (the larger | corresponding to the sides applied to the shoots around which it winds, and of course that of greatest pressure), with a more slender peripheral ring of the same imbedded in an extremely tenacious parenchyma, which again becomes comparatively soft in individuals grown under shade and shelter. I know of no better illustration of this hypothesis than that afforded by the Dipteris Wallichü. This species has a 8 freely ramifying rhizome, rarely more than half an inch in diameter, with large stout- textured flabelliform fronds (posed in vertical planes), sometimes 30 inches in length and 40 inches broad, supported on slender tapering stipes upwards of 4 feet in height. To support and counteract the strain of such a frond demands considerable strength in. both stipe and rhizome, so that what they decidedly want in thickness must be sup- plemented by density and tenaeity: and so we find it to be. The rhizome is separated - into four distinct parts—first, a central medullary parenchyma, encased in a. thin ring of. rhizome, and somewhat distant, while the slender wiry roots are indifferently produced | from its whole surface, though most abundantly from the underside. The species affects | social habits, and is usually found in large patches, thus affording in a partial manner a mutual protection and support. It is evident h ‘ Nen di E nt, however, that even under the most even in the dry balanee their leverage, PN Paler in those slender stipes and rhizomes; and I do regard the remarkable increase | direct result of frond-tension. That the rhizome and stipes should not have undergone MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 15 a similar increase laterally is, I believe, due to the flabellate venation, which radially concentrating the organizing force in the frond, thus demarcates and limits the growth of the stipe in a much more decided manner than is the case in fronds with laterally developed segments, in which the stipe blends into the rachis *. I may in this place cursorily refer to the opinion that the trunks of tree ferns are hollow when fully formed, as stated in most of our botanical class-books. I can scarcely think that this is founded on observations of living or at all fresh specimens, but that it rather has an origin in the examination of dry museum specimens, which are then of course hollow. I at least have seen no such appearances in the many tree ferns I have seen growing in their native habitats. On the contrary, I have found, as shown in Plate L, representing the basal portion of a trunk of Alsophila latebrosa 7 feet high, that there is a greater tendency to consolidation by the descent of woody bundles from the fronds than to any rupturing or hollowing of the internal parts, throughout which at least a passive vitality is long continued. There is this, however, to be said, that species vary much in the tendency to throw out adventitious roots (e. g. Hemitelia decipiens has those roots confined chiefly to the base of the stem, while under the same conditions in * À cognate and, in my opinion, very excellent illustration of the influence of mechanical actions on the formation of wood is presented by those huge buttresses which we find so common in many of the timber- and other trees of India. Probably the Paddlewood of Guiana (Aspidospermum excelsum), the Logwood (Hematoxylon campechianum), $e. have a like origin; and I do not doubt that the degree of fluting will be found to vary in individuals with their mechanical and physical conditions. But that this is the case with Logwood I have evidence from the plants in the Calcutta Botanic Gardens. I may particularly mention the Teak tree, Tectona grandis, the value of which is much deteriorated by this buttressing process, which seems to me not a specific, but rather a local characteristic. In the Botanic Garden here the buttresses are generally large in proportion to the diameter of the trees ; and we find the roots in no case deeply penetrating the soil, but distributed in a horizontal manner near the surface—a result, no doubt, of the saturated state of these alluvial clays from June to November, which are so little above the water-level as to render drainage impracticable. Even in those conditions, however, Teak springs up with a wonderful rapidity and vigour, indicating that, for the production of first-class timber, drainage is alone wanted, to induce a deeper penetration of their roots, reduce the size of the buttresses, and render them less liable to be uprooted in the storms which of late have so frequently visited these parts. The buttresses are thus, in my opinion, simply an effort of nature to com- plement the stability lost in the distribution of the roots near the surface of the soil; and as further confirmation of this, we find individuals with deeply penetrating roots comparatively free from buttresses and with plane unfluted boles. The accordance of this with the above views is evident when we consider the respective mechanical conditions. Thus in those with roots more or less acutely penetrating the soil, there will be an inverse merging of the axis of resistance in lines concentric with the main axis of the tree, and a consequently graduated equality in the develpment of the woody layers as afforded by the plane and rounded boles. Again, in those with roots diverging at obtuse angles, there must necessarily be an isolation in the strains or resisting axes, each root forming, as it were, an independent point d’appui, and the consequent result will be an increased development of woody ' matter in axes continuous with those of the roots, decreasing upwards with the convergence of these axes. This: accords with the phenomenon in question—buttresses do decrease upwards, and blend in a more or less plane and rounded surface. I have also observed that trees with branches diverging at more or less acute angles from the main trunk are generally more strongly buttressed than those with stout horizontal spreading branches, the mechanical explanation of which is, of course, that the weight and force of the wind on the main axis must be considerably less in the latter than in the former condition. As further illustrating this mechanical theory, it is noteworthy that the buttresses of a tree are rarely (I believe, never) directly opposite, as might have been expected had their production been simply a question of nutrition ; furthermore, in the Botanic Gardens here—I have not particularly noted this point elsewhere—the largest buttresses are, or rather were (for the cyclones have left us few to look at) on the side of the prevailing winds. 16 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. Alsophila ornata and contaminans they form a dense mass extending high up the stem), and that in the densely rooting species there is a greater tendency to a general decay of the lower parts; but this is, again, only when a massive basis of adventitious roots has all but neutralized the strain on the base of the stem. Anyhow, I may state that in no case have I seen the interior decay in uninjured specimens extending a foot above the ground-level. » Ramification of Stems.—Ramification of the caudex of tree ferns is occasionally pro- duced by the suppression of the terminal bud, more frequently by the development of adventitious buds. Hofmeister, as I have stated in my prefatory remarks, further divides the former mode into those in which the bifurcations are equally developed, and those in which one of the forks forms the principal axis and gives to the other a lateral position. To the former he applies the term Dichotomy; the latter he distinguishes as lateral buds. The application of the latter term in the sense mentioned is apt to mislead ; and indeed the distinction appears to me superfluous. Practically these so-called lateral shoots are ultimately in many cases undistinguishable from those having an adventitious origin. Hofmeister, indeed, maintains that there is a “real difference between the internal structure of the forked branches of the stem, and that of the place of junction of the prineipal stem with the buds which I have regarded as adventitious and seated on the stipes. The former exhibit throughout their entire length the peculiar structure of the stem, while the collar of the latter, on that part between the principal axis and place of origin of the bud, exhibits the characteristic arrangement of the vascular bundles of the stipes" (Hofmeister, * Higher Cryptogams,' p. 266). Differences in the internal structure of the two forms of buds are by no means and in all cases thus easily distin- guished ; and certainly in the buds of tree ferns which have come under my observation I have in no case found such distinctive characteristies as the above; adventitious buds, though presenting a structure somewhat akin to that of the stipes in an incipient, have little in common with them in the mature state. I have examined many of those buds in nearly every stage of development on the Alsophila gigamtea and comosa, both of which are singularly prolific. In both these species the adventitious buds most frequently occur on the outer base of the stipes, though they are by no means rare on the interspaces between the fronds. Now these differently posed buds present differences in structure— the former directly communicating with the interior of the stem, through the frond- meshes, while the woody laminse are interposed in the latter. These stipal buds, being thus manifestly in a very similar relation to the main axis as are the displaced lateral aves of the forked end of stems, a considerable similarit assumed. This is confirmed by observation. Differences in the developmental force of the axis of a fork are generally manifested in the incipient stage: growth is more or less completely suppressed in the weak axis; the latter is forced out on the side of the stem and presents a contraction at the collar (vide Pl. X. fig. 2) similar to that of adrenn ai buds, from which it scarcely differs in structure. The disguise is thus in many cases very complete, so much so that a long-latent and subsequently developed main axis is only distinguishable from the adventitious buds by its more complete and direct union with the interior woody framework; and even this is also much disguised when a s nd A y in structure might be justifiably | RENTE ات‎ MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. , 17 vigorous bud is developed on the young and softer parts of the stem. With all this simi- larity of structure, however, there can be no question as to their affinities (as urged by Hofmeister) being other than analogical, and that they are distinct from each other and the axillary buds of pheenogams. Their homology with the latter organ has been suggested by Karsten, and espoused by Mettenius. The latter author has endeavoured to support this view from the apparently axillary partition of the buds in several species of Tricho- manes, and the transitional condition of those in certain Hymenophylla and Davallie, which, with axillary buds, have others spinging from the upperside of the superposed frond. These are but isolated instances, however, and in my opinion are casual rela- tions, inasmuch as we find in both Trichomanes and Davallia axillary buds on certain portions of the rhizome, while others are irregularly posed on various parts, and by no means confined to the line of the fronds. Moreover, in many cases, those buds are truly the result of bifurcation of the main axis; and as such there is no reason why they might not be occasionally subtended by a frond, and so assume an apparently axillary character. This is by no means a rare phenomenon in the erect tufted caudices of Trichomanes java- nicum and in some of the Indian sarmentose species; in the latter, buds (the results of bifurcation) appear on the frondless end of the stem, and have not unfrequently an axillary relation to a subsequently developed frond. in the proliferous tree ferns buds most frequently occur on the exterior base of the stipe, and, though not uncommon (as in Alsophila comosa and glabra, vide Plates X. & XI.) in various extra-axillary positions, I have never observed them in the axil of a frond. The Alsophile referred to are remarkably prolific, and, singularly enough, occur in the extremes of altitudinal range of the Sikkim species, viz. 4. glabra in low tropical valleys, while the habitats of 4. comosa are the temperate forests. In the normal conditions of | growth of the above species a varying number of adventitious buds are always being produced; but for a full exhibition of their wonderful prolifieness it is necessary to examine plants which, through some cause or other, have received a check in the deve- lopment of the main axis. I was much struck with this in an uprooted plant of 4. glabra. This plant I found on the banks of a mountain-steam near the Ganges and Darjeeling road, in the Sikkim Teraie, whence it had no doubt been brought from higher . elevations while the stream was flooded, as no other plants of its kind were to be found in the vicinity. Anomalous, therefore, did it appear to observe in a single uniform line of 15 feet, twenty-three young plants of A. glabra, varying from 6 inches to 4 and 8 feet in height. Certainly I thought they had been artificially planted, and should have gone onin that belief but for the prostrate and still vegetating stem whence they had their origin, and to which (with many others in less advanced stages) they were yet attached. The production of adventitious buds in A. comosa is similarly copious, and more in the natural process of growth; even with a vigorously developing main axis plants are by no means rare in which the exterior bases of the stipes in the older parts of the caudex are studded with shoots and buds in various stages of development. By these means the individual plants frequently attain most bulky proportions; a plant which I measured had an erect caudex 20 feet in height, and presented from 8 feet downwards an elongated cone, with a base 10 feet in circumference, formed by the conjoined adventitious roots VOL. XXX. D 18 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. and stems of sixty fairly-developed frond-bearing shoots, varying from 2 inches to 6 feet in length, and from 3 to 13 inches in circumference. A. gigantea never (that I have seen) attains these proportions; and there is another noteworthy difference in the deve- lopment of their respective buds. In A. gigantea simply pinnatifid fronds are produced almost contemporaneously with the appearance of the bud as a distinct organ on the stem, or before it is larger than a mustard-seed. On the other hand, in A. comosa, from the appearance of the fronds, there is generally a considerable development of the axial parts (vide Plate II.), which assume a pyriform shape, enveloped upwards in brown subulate scales, and below in a fascicle of short, slender adventitious roots. Thus ere a single frond has appeared they have a sufficient amount of independent vitality to be separated from the parent stem, and give rise to new individuals, presenting in this respect an analogy to many other proliferous Aill-plants. The normal forking of the main axis I have observed in three of the Sikkim species, viz. Alsophila latebrosa, A. ornata, and A. gigantea. In the two latter, however, rami- fications occur much less frequently by this process than by the production of adven- titious buds, which I have never observed on the first-named species : indeed ramification in amy form is rare in the extreme in this species; and of the many specimens which I have seen of it in the Sikkim forests, one only was branched, and that, singularly enough, in a very striking manner, as is partially shown by the representation (Plate I). This specimen had a clear erect bole 25 feet in height, whence, nearly in a verticil and pro- bably by division of the terminal bud, proceeded seven stout symmetrical branches. I have said by division of the terminal bud, which I consider the more probable origin of these shoots, as all were in unbroken continuity with the main stem, and in this respect differed from those originating as adventitious buds, which, moreover, I believe, as just. stated, are never produced by this species. At about six inches above the pseudo- vertieil one of the shoots bifurcates, as shown on the plate; and again, at a height of about 2 feet, two others are forked, thus producing a ten-headed specimen. The indi- vidual shoots are all very perfectly developed, varying in length from 5 to 12 feet, in cir- cumference from 7 to 13 inches, and each s | urmounted by a corona of intertangling fronds*. In the sketch of a triple-headed specimen (Plate IX. fig. 3) of 4. ornata which 1 found in Sikkim, the origin of the ramifications is very clearly shown. The constriction evident on the main stem, immediately under the divisions, indicates of the terminal bud as a cause for the lateral divergenee of the though in the majority of instances division occurs structure of the stem in the above case had all the appearance, at first sight, of a normal * When I first looked on that noble speeimen, I thought of it E botanical museum ; and, but that it lay on a road SHE ae Mia kien plantations, and not in the midst of an unfre ‚would indeed have been a prize to any g opened out to the Government Cinchona the partial arrest .MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 19 trifurcation, the dwarfed (and what I was disposed to regard as the original) axial bud occupying an apparently median though somewhat deflected position on the same plane as the other two. The dissections, however, show that this is not the case, but that it is simply the result of a bifurcation repeated on one of the axes, the bifurcation of the terminal bud giving rise to shoots 4 and B, the latter undergoing a secondary furca- tion, and giving rise to C, a few lines higher. The points of origin of the different forks thus differing so slightly in the transverse sectional drawing, we find all presenting much the appearance of having had a consentaneous origin. With reference to Hofmeister's mode of distinguishing buds from normal ramifications, the difficulty is here exemplified. In the primary forks we find the shoot 4, from the more vigorous development of the shoot B, laterally displaced and suddenly contracted at the base, presenting very slightly more continuity with the main axis than do many lateral buds, which readily shows the difficulty there must be in cases of more complete suppression (of such terminal shoots) to distinguish them from ordinary lateral buds. This we will here attempt to exemplify more fully by reference to the very viviparous A. comosa, a specimen of which is represented in Plate II. We there find that nearly all the young buds originate around the exterior base of the stipes, and always below the diaphragm of the latter. The stems of these adventitious buds are ultimately continuous with the woody base of the stipes, and, as a matter of course, with the interior woody strueture of the stem, as shown in the transverse section of 4. comosa, Plate IL., fig. 4. In structure these are very different from those originating on the other parts of the stem, in which the woody parts are reduced to a slender root-like process, connected with the external woody laminz of the stem, and always readily distinguishable as adven- titious buds. "These, I suspect, are the normal adventitious buds of Hofmeister, while the others seem to me to hold an intermediate position between those and the lateral buds of that author. Though it is thus by no means so easy to distinguish the different forms of adventitious buds from bifurcations of the apex, there can be no question, as Hofmeister has rightly insisted, that the ramification of the vascular eryptogams has only an analogical relation to the axillary position of the branches of phznogams. The buds of Trichomanes, which Mettenius considered truly axillary, are much too variable to afford any satisfactory conclusion, as are also those: of the Davallie, as admitted by Mettenius, The Stipal Loculi.—Around the external base of the frond of all tree ferns (vide Plate VIIL) we«find a series of irregularly shaped perforations, filled, in the mature state, with a brown, glossy, carbonaceous powder. The various appearances they present are shown under the respective species ; but it is difficult to conjecture what purpose they serve in the economy of the plant. Though placed directly in the bud-region, they in no case give origin to these ; nor do rootlets ever protrude from them. They are found in the earliest stages of the frond's development, and are then filled with a green cellular tissue; and as they are on the same plane as the fleshy parenchyma of the frond, I have been frequently disposed to consider them the aborted tracings, corresponding to the costeo, of a strongly auricled-frond-bearing progenitor. This view seems to me sup- ported by the fact that similar perforations are continued up the sides of the frond, ۳ D 2 20 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. as is shown in the figures of A. latebrosa, which are doubtless abortive pinnae. More- over the basal and lateral loculi have primarily the same contents; and indeed the ultimate difference is by no means important—namely, the reduction of the contents ' of the basal cells into a loose brown sporoidal matter, while the upper or lateral retain their original cellularity, though not unfrequently we find their contents passing gradually into one another. Hugo Mohl. (‘De Structura Filicum Arborearum,’ p. 45, $ 12) describes these organs as occurring in several Brazilian species of Alsophila, and gives various sections of them in tab. xxxv., but offers no opinion as to their signifi- cation in the economy of the plant, further, indeed, than a reference to that of Martius, 1 who had suggested their analogy with the antheridial organs of other cryptogams, prior, of course, to the detection of the true sexual organs by Leszezyc-Suminski. Their ana- logical resemblance to the imbedded axillary capsules of Isoetes and the pulverulent contents anyhow shows that Martius's view was more than a mere unfounded hypothesis (vide Schleiden, Prineip. Bot. p. 194) ; and, indeed, there may be still those who, in spite of Schleiden's sneer, may (perhaps not incorrectly) be disposed to regard them as the aborted spore-cases of some ancient progenitor. It is curious that a somewhat correlated organ of dubious import should also occur in Lycopods. Karl Müller was the first to detect this organ, which he describes in his paper * on the Development of the Lycopo- diaces,” in the Bot. Zeitung, July 31st, 1846. This, which he terms an * acces- sory organ," he finds present in all stages of the plant's existence. In the terminal bud of the germ-plant it is fully developed, and. placed between the bud of the branch and the bud-envelope. It is again met with in the axils of both forms of leaves; in the terminal bud it occurs soon after the development of the leaf from the stem, and is always placed between them; it is also found between the oophoridium and the anthe- ridium and their involueral leaves. It is usually of a pyriform shape, consisting of a | number of delicate transparent parenchymatous cells filled with a finely granular 1 matter of a reddish eolour. With its full development it becomes truncated at the top, | wih i lees spent won sen Pm copla, wien it vt à SL dim opment. Karl Müller continues :—* It is difficult with respect to this enigmatical orean to mak approximation to its real import . Its analo : sa a buds viii SE I. = a : gues appear to me to occur in those eryptogams, as, for example, in the axils of the leaves of Bryum annotinum and others. Here, however, it must not be forgotten that in our case the cells ‘xever have green pep which they have in the loculi of ferns; consequently they cannot Se re- garded as buds, Are they abortive branches? or are they radicular organs? Reasons they seem to me inadequate MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 21 that the production of adventitious buds in the genus Lycopodium is by no means a frequent occurrence ; and I have as yet observed it on two species only, L. nummulari- folium and a handsome new species akin to L. Phlegmaria, which has been lately intro- duced to the Gardens from Sumatra. Defoliation.—The fall of the frond is in general gradual; and in Sikkim one only of the species is truly deciduous. This, as I have previously remarked, is the Alsophila comosa, which casts its leaves about the beginning of August, and so remains for from four to five weeks, when another cycle of fronds is rapidly unfolded. The fall of the leaf in this plant during August is singular and anomalous. Through all those wide forest- stretches every tree and bush in the height of their rainy season is in verdure, while this tree fern, like some imperfectly acelimatized intruder, stands bare and leafless. The fall of the leaf in this case therefore cannot be attributed to the ordinarily assigned causes, such as change in the season, nor the other less or more potent influence of axillary buds. It is, indeed, difficult to conjecture as to the cause of defoliation in this case. Its congener, Alsophila latebrosa, is in full verdure, as are all their more humble congeners. I have carefully examined the base of the fronds of this plant, and eompared them with those of other non-deciduous species, without finding any ex- planatory difference. In all the species we find the parts much as H. Von Mohl described them as having place amongst phenogams. A <“ separating layer” of cortical tissue, originating in the axillary side of the leaf, extends downwards, and ultimately forms a complete line of demarcation between the stem and distant parts of the leaf. With this process of vegetation, corresponding to the maturity of the frond, all further development of the distant parts of the frond ceases (and we may suppose that it will tend to direct the sap-current into newer and younger channels), the separating layer becomes hard and woody, and forms a clean detaching surface. This “ separating layer ” appears as a very thin membrane in the earliest stages of development of the frond, and forms a distinct line between the distal and proximal parts of the leaf*, A similar membrane is, I believe, more or less distinetly present in all leaves, forming a line of demareation between the axial and lateral organs. In many cases, as in nearly all monocotyledons, and generally in all lax-textured petioles, a slight constrietion in the nascent leaves is the only indication we find of this organ, which becomes absorbed in the more rapidly developing longitudinal tissues, In dieotyledons, on the other hand, with a more equable development of the tissues, the separating layer is very generally present, increases in thickness with the transverse tension of the leaf, and forms a distinct articulating surface, whence, as they individually reach maturity, they drop from the axis. Such are the phenomena presented in the fall of the leaf of A. comosa and a few other ferns, though here, as in endogens generally, the majority undergo decay from above downward to the hardened bases of the stipes, which often retain their attach- ment to the stem for several years. HH * For details on the development of leaves, I can but refer to Eichler's excellent thesis, of which an abstract, with original observations and comments, has been communicated to the Botanical Society, Edinburgh, vide Trans. 1865, 1866, by Dr. M*Nab. It is there shown that the incipient leaf is divided into proximal and distal portions, * hypophyll " and * epiphyll ” of Dr. MeNab, the latter giving rise to the lamina, and the former to the stipulary organs when present. 22 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. Circination, though not peculiar to ferns, is certainly one of their most striking characteristics. The adaptation of the circinate mode of vernation to the development of the young fronds is very evident when we reflect on their early isolated position on the axis and their acrogenous development—unlike what occurs in Palms and Cycads, both of which are characterized by a straight vernation, though singularly enough we find in all class-books the latter order as “ frequently represented by a circinate verna- tion." "This occurs in no Cycad which I have had an opportunity of seeing; certainly not in the genus Cycas, which, if I mistake not, is the one referred to by authors. In all the Indian species of this genus I have found a simply involute vernation, the edges only of the pinns rolled inwards, and in no case have I observed the rachis rolled spirally downward. This, as in palms, is always straight; the fronds, arranged in large clusters, form a mutual protection to the young unfolding parts, rendering a circinate vernation superfluous and, indeed, impossible. In ferns, as I have said, the arrangement of the parts is altogether different. In these we have a flatly paraboloidal terminal apex, on which the young fronds are almost horizontally arranged. The inerease of the number of cells is entirely confined to very short apical radii, beyond which all increase is by a simple cellular expansion; this goes on rapidly, so that the horizontally placed fronds and other parts are, as Hofmeister expresses it, * lifted up by degrees and projected upon a cylinder," the caudex. This causes the isolation of the fronds, and consequently increases their liability to injury, which, however, is admirably guarded against by their cireinate habit. This habit, Imay further remark, | axis) decreasing outwards, we might theoretically assume that the longitudinal develop- ment of the rachis will go on more rapidly along the lower than the upper planes. This we find to be the case, Thus the first appearance of the fronds is as simple papille, near the apex of the axis: and on all the tree ferns which have periodical growths, and simultaneously unfold one or, at the most, two cycles of fronds (the number of which is limited by the spirals in a cycle) annually, the further development of the rudimentary frond in length and thickness is extremely slow, cell-development proceeding, as I have n the upper planes, an evident curvature is à comparatively rare mode of vernation, should also especiall: : , e | x (Droseraces), and further, as I am disposed to think, y characterize Sun-dews, tion. Cireination in the inflorescence, as in certain of the Boragines and others, has, I believe, more relation to the fertilization of MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. | 23 the flowers than any merely protective agency; anyhow this is highly probable from the relations so well explained by Herbert Spencer (vide * Principles of Biology,” chap. x. p. 146, vol. ii.) It is there shown that all radially symmetrical flowers have vertical axes, and that deviations from this symmetry are in all probability adjustments to the fertilizing process. Mr. Herbert, adopting Darwin's views, reasons thus :—* So long as the axis of a flower is vertical and the conditions similar all round, a bee or butterfly alighting in it will be as likely to come from one side as from another; and hence hindrance rather than facilitation would result if the several sides of the flower did not afford it equally free access. In like manner, flowers which are distributed over a plant in such ways that their disks open out on planes of all directions and inclinations will have no tendency to lose their radial symmetry ..... but flowers so fixed as to open out sideways in tolerably constant altitudes have their petals differently related to insect- agency..... A long undermost petal or lip, by enabling the insect to settle in such a way as to bring its head opposite to the opening of the tube, aids its fertilizing agency "( p.153). Now, in the cases of circination referred to (for example, in Myosotis), we find first radial symmetry of the flowers with a second arrangement, so that as the stem unfolds the flower passes from the inverted to the upward position of the mouth, and ultimately, and probably after the fertilization, assumes a lateral position on the axis. "Thus, as I believe, circination, though subserving (as in the above cases) distinct ends in the plant's economy, has been acquired through “natural selection," which, “ working” (as Mr. Darwin well expresses it in reference to somewhat cognate cases; vide * Origin of Species,’ 3d ed. p. 213) “for the good of each being, and taking advantage of analogous variations, has sometimes modified in very nearly the same manner two parts in two organic beings, which beings owe but little of their structure in common to inheritance from the same ancestor." I will now briefly summarize the peculiarities and affinities of tree ferns, commencing with the development of the embryo plant. l. The first product of the spore is the prothallium, with its antheridial and arche- gonial cells, which by a fertilizing process give origin to an embryonie body, whence proceed the fronds and caudex. 2. In the earliest stages of the caudex transverse sections exhibit only one vascular bundle. The point of origin of this in the stem is predetermined by the first frond, whence the longitudinal axis of the nascent fibro-vascular bundle is directed. This fibro-vascular bundle grows upwards and outwards into the first frond, with which it is subsequently simultaneously developed; again, from the lower end of the bundle a branchlet passes out into the first root. With the development of the primary frond and root there is a simultaneous and somewhat rapid apical growth of the young stem, and a continuation of the primary vascular bundle to the point of origin of the second frond. A similar development of the stem and vascular bundle is continued until the appearance of the sixth or even the ninth frond. In all the Sikkim species of which I have had an opportunity to examine young plants, the frond-arrangement is thus far tristichous, and the angular divergence, of course, one third. The stem is now very per- ceptibly increasing in thickness, and depressed or flattened at the apex; the angular 24 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. divergence of the fronds gradually passes into the pentastichous; and the until now solitary vascular bundle gives off branches to each frond. These run up the stem in a wavy manner, anastomose laterally at the points of origin of the fronds, and form a peri- pherical network, similar in all respects to the arrangement of the fibro-vascular system in the fasciculate herbaceous species. 3. The pentastichous arrangement of the frond is in general adhered to until the stem has attained some five or six inches in height and from three fourths to one inch in diameter. By the time the stem attains the above height the vascular system, which previously consisted of slender cylindrical bundles, is now much more developed, forming narrow laminae, and thus reducing much the diameter of the interspersed meshes. The diameter of the stem undergoes a rapid increase; the angular divergence of the fronds is reduced; and their five-ranked arrangement gives place to a more complex one. The development of the stem thus proceeds; and on its attaining the height of from ten inches to one foot, we find that the softer and more cellular-stemmed species (e. g. A. comosa, A. contaminans) have nearly attained the full diameter of stem, and the fronds ‚their normal arrangement—a condition which is in general attained at a much later stage in such species as 4. latebrosa, A. glabra, and others characterized by an increased development of the fibro-vascular system. 4. Longitudinal sections of the stem now present the following appearance; and for illustrative purposes I select A. glabra as presenting the greatest development of the fibro-vascular system, and consequently the most complex conditions. we have a most complicated anastomosing of the woody bundles, base of the stipes, pass downwards into the interior of the stem, and coalesce with the inner of the peripherical woody lamine, extremity free in the inner and cellular parts of the stem. Enclosing these are the woody lamine, consisting first of two blackish-brown exterior lamin, followed by two thicker pale straw-coloured strata of irregular parenchyma, surrounding a central stratum of soft pale-brown trachenchyma, mixed with thin-sided parenchymatous tissue, : In this species which, originating at and either curve outward or remain with their lower bundles proceeds from the centre, or point of origin at the base of the frond, by both extremities, the lower growing downwards in the elow. the dia i ) '5; and though undergoing occasional bifurcations in the stipes, I have in no instance detected any of them coalescing, as so fre- lower extremities in the caudex. وه‎ 1. The continued descent of free woody bundles in the caudices of those species so pie on > ۱ Se nis nn Pe ew 9 A ur ROW NETT TET = EE ne eee RS gs ات ی‎ CRT oS EE are eae ia a NO ا‎ NIE ia ia sinn A ENTE TM TETTE EET X T T 5 e TER,‏ بات هس هی مش ار از ی خی N‏ تفت زد نس رن MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 25 characterized, and the consequent compression of the surrounding cellular tissue, render it denser and harder, so that the lower parts are always much harder and more woody than the upper. Mechanical strains are also potent agents in the increase of the dense deposits; and we have further, in the general distribution of the woody system, a peripheral woody casing surrounding a cellular core, the simplest though not the least effective mode of resisting such tensions. 8. In transverse sections the woody framework appears in from three to five detached peripheral laminze, the difference in number being due to variations in the frond-arrange- ment of the different species. The interspaces indicate the position of the fronds, and vary in width, according as they are more or less near the axis of the latter, as explained by their lozenge-shaped appearance in the longitudinal sections. In fresh sections the woody lamins usually present concavo-convex surfaces, less commonly irregular wavy outlines; in sections of dried specimens, on the other hand, the laminse present various curvatures, according to the less or more regular drying of the stem. In this process the laminz are frequently broken ; so that there are frequently more of them than normally characterize the species. 9. The transverse sections of the apex of the stem have a somewhat complex arrange- ment, representing the nascent woody system, and indieating the points of origin of several successive cycles of fronds. The points of origin of the fronds are thus organically predetermined by the vascular system; and their distribution can have nothing whatever to do with the distribution of this, and of course infinitely less in its compaction. The idea of the caudex as a product of the coalescent bases of the fronds is wholly unfounded. i 10. The caudex of ferns retains its solidity to the last, and has, as aboye explained, a tendency to increase in density and hardness. It is a mistaken notion of authors to represent the stem as frequently hollow at the base by the rupture of the central cellular axis. This view could only have been founded on the examination of dried caudices, in which, as a matter of course, we find the cellular parts irregularly ruptured or, indeed, wholly absent. Such results do not occur in the living plant, or at least could there only be the result of physical injury or the destructive inroads of the boring beetles. ll. The distribution of the vascular system in the caudices of the dwarf herbaceous species differs only in the degree of development from that of the arborescent species. Longitudinal sections exhibit no continuous strata; all are short and detached, and wanting in the regularity of distribution of the arborescent kinds, though the general woody filaments, as in young individuals of the Jatter, form a peripherical network with more or less regular lozenge-shaped meshes. The fibro-vascular bundles of the fronds are given off along the sides of the meshes, and pass into the stipes in a laminar form, in this respect differing from the arborescent species, as also in the entire absence of the free woody bundles. In those species where one bundle only passes into the Stipe, it is given off at the upper angle of the mesh. The distribution of the fibro-vascular system is very clearly shown to be in no way causally effected by the disposition of the fronds by an examination of the tubers of Nephrolepis tuberosa, in which we find radiating from the solitary vascular bundles of the stolon a number of thin wiry fibres variously anasto- VOL. XXX. E 26 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. mosing, and forming a polygonal network concentrie with the cellular knob. Again, in no respect do the elongated frondless ends of the shoots of such species as Acrostichum (Stenosemia) scandens, Polypodium (Phegopteris) punctatum, and other widely creep- ing species, differ from the frond-bearing parts. e 12. Adventitious roots originate indifferently on the cortical region and the interior woody laminz. Those originating in the former region are most abundantly produced in certain species (Alsophila latebrosa and A. contaminans), and give quite a shagreen- like eovering to the stem in their younger stages. It is only in the moistest forest tracts where these undergo any considerable degree of development; and that strong thiek matting which so frequently surrounds the caudex (exceeding by many times the diameter of the latter) is chiefly composed of those roots which spring from the interior laminz. The points of origin of the adventitious roots are by no means fixed, appearing in all the interfrondal spaces of the caudex. In no case, however, are they continua. > tions of the free woody bundles, nor do they partake of their anastomosing character, ` though greatly exceeding them in their tendency to ramify. 3. The diaphragm or “separating layer,” between the proximal and distal parts of the frond, occurring (as I stated above) in both deciduous and nondeciduous species, can scarcely, in my opinion, be regarded as a truly causal agent in the phe- nomena of defoliation. Von Mohl and Eichler, who have studied the subject, and were the first to detect the * separating layer," afford but slight grounds for the suppo- sition of its causal relations to the fall of the leaf; nor do they afford us any sort of explanation as to how this secondary growth may have been initiated. With regard to the first point, while admitting certain incidental relations which might have justified the adoption of the views of Von Mohl in the absence of any positive evidence of a negative character, we have the occurrence of the <“ separating layer" somewhat indif- ferently in deciduous and non-deciduous species, as, for example, in the tree ferns noted above; then there is the regulated specific periodicity of the fall of the leaf, which we must take into consideration as probably related to those physico-vital processes less or more active in all vegetable development. The fall of the leaf occurs, as we all know, at definitely recurring periods, varying somewhat in individuals, just as in floral periodicity, from an inherited peculiarity, originating in a correlation of conditions less or more favourable to the development of their progenitors. Tt has been stated that deciduous trees grown in the tropies become evergreen—the Cherry for example, Of this I know nothing from personal observation ; but if like the Vine, the Pear, and the Apple, which live and vegetate in the plains of Bengal, this is only partly correct. These trees are rarely utterly leafless ; nevertheless they have, as in their indigenous habitats, stated periods of vernation and defoliation, with this difference, that a constant Tidi is sustained by the continued evolution of young shoots and leaves. The older leaves are shed with considerable regularity twice a year, first at the close of the cold season and the ushering in of the hot, and again between the termination of the rainy and the com- mencement of the cold season. In view of the foregoing evidence, T am thus disposed 1 to believe that we must yet continue to regard these phenomena as the result of a tem- MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 27 porary cessation of the vegetative forces, brought about by the vicissitudes of climate, or at least specific periodicities of rest and action in the vegetable economy. I may now briefly remark on the probable causes which may initiate the secondary growth or “separating layer" of the leaf. This I am disposed to attribute to mechanical strains and an acquired habit of disarticulating at certain periods. In support of this view I may note its occurrence at the point where the strain must evidently be greatest, near the junction of the leaf with the stem, or where the flexibility of the petiole is lost in the comparatively inflexible stem; and in accordance with this or the greater down- ward strain of the generality of leaves, we find the separating layer originating in the axillary side of the leaf, thence growing downwards at right angles to the plane of the leaf: possibly an examination of phyllodia might show a simultaneous growth from either side. The commencement of the above organ is early apparent in the constriction of the petiole adjoining the **pulvinus." Several illustrations of a disforming character might, as 1 am aware, be adduced; butit is to be remarked that many such are only apparently so, and depend on more or less evident modifying agents, as, for example, the loose thickened tissue and great sheathing petioles of many monocotyledons, which, equalizing the strain, leave no traces of constriction or “ separating layers.” 14. Circination, protective in the unfolding leaves, assists in the economy of fertiliza- tion when characterizing the inflorescence, and in both cases is the result of an unequal development of the cells on opposite sides of the rachis. 15. The lacune at the base of the fronds of tree ferns have been compared by Lindley to the perforations in the rhizome of Nymphea; but these, as shown by Trecul, and as I, from personal observations, ean confirm, are simply the base of decaying adven- titious roots. Martius, guided by analogy, suggested their affinity with the antheridial organs of other Cryptogams. The subsequent discovery of the antheridial organs has displaced this view, though their analogy with those of Isoetes and Lycopodium renders it by no means improbable that they may really be abortive representatives of those organs. They have also relations to those accessory organs described by Karl Mueller as occurring in the axils of the leaves of Lycopods, though here, again, we are alike in utter ignorance, as admitted by Mueller, of the import of these organs. After a full consideration of the above views, I am rather disposed, as I have above stated, to regard them as the aborted costes of a sessile strongly aurieled frond, in which view I am supported by a line of very similar perforations on the lower parts of the rachis, in the plane of the primary divisions of the frond, of which parts they are clearly abortions. 16. The scars of the frond in the fully developed caudex are arranged with great regularity, and, from their varying — divergence in closely allied paus afford good discriminating characters. 17. The prolificness and bifurcation of the caudex occurs frequently in several species, though we rarely find both characters strongly pronounced in a single species. In pro- liferous species the buds are most frequently on the exterior base of the stipes, also in various extra-axillary and lateral positions; but in no case have I observed them truly axillary. Adventitious buds are in certain cases with diffieulty, as I have above ex- plained, distinguishable from normal bifurcations of the axis. This is especially the case E 2 ~ 28 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. in those buds which, originating on the base of the stipes, have a direct connexion with the interior parts of the stem by the meshes of the fronds, as compared with the fre- quently occurring early arrested ramification of the stem. The buds of tree ferns are all truly adventitious, and distinct from the axillary buds of pheenogams; and in no case have I observed them on the surface of the frond, as in many of the dwarf herbaceous species. Ramifications of the main axis are produced either by suppression of the growing point and the development of lateral shoots, or by simple or more or less com- pound bifurcations. Illustrations of these have been given. The prolificness and axial ramifications of the dwarfer species of ferns are in no respect different from those of the arborescent species. . 18. Concluding remarks on the anatomical relations of the Caudex.—The arborescent ferns present somewhat complicated affinities, and, it must be admitted, no very close relations beyond their own alliance, which may be largely due to their ancient origin. So far as known, they appeared first in the Devonian period, were largely represented, and apparently formed one of the most striking features of the succeeding Carboniferous flora, whence they have persisted, without any marked change, to diversify and enrich all subsequent floras. The tree ferns at the present day, as in their most ancient repre- sentatives, are characterized by a soft cellular central part, surrounded by a woody cylinder, whieh is again enveloped in a hardened cortex, exteriorly marked by large elliptical or rhomboidal scars, left by the fall of the fronds, and also (as in the Psaronites of the Permian period) by a dense mass of adventitious roots much exceeding in thickness the caudex. The frond-arrangement also, as indicated by the scars, is similar in ancient and modern species. Thus in the majority of the latter the arrangement is quincuncial, as was the case in Caulopteris primeva and others of the Carboniferous epoch ; or, again, as in Alsophila glabra, the scars are in continuous lines parallel to the longitudinal axis of the caudex, as was likewise the arrangement in the ancient Ptychopteris macrodis- cus. In those epochs there was no lack of related forms, as the gigantic Lepidoden- dron, Calamites, and Sigillaria, of which the latter connects them very closely with Cycads; but these have long ago had their periods of waning and extinction; and we now find the ancient arborescent form of ferns differing much in mould and structure from all its living compeers. The relations, as founded on the structure of the stem, wh own alliances, are perhaps, upon the whole, closest with Pa to have much in common with Nympheeas, Euphorbiaces, Aselepiads, and other dicotyledonous plants with undeveloped internodes. First, then, they agree with Palms in their mode of growth, and in the manner in which 2 leaves are arranged. I fail to see why the growth of the one should be termed eg = the other ee 1f the peculiarity of endogeneity is the down- — m ae ss ot vascular bundles from the leaves in a curvilinear mode, im periphery, not a few of the tree ferns have very similar characteristics. In both, diametrically and longitudinally, erowth is stri tly apical; i both the stems are limited in their diametrical growth ind from the fir » ge formation the axial and re a 2 e tirst traces of their opments are simultaneous, and as soon as the en we pass beyond their whence they pass to Cacti, the succulent Ims, though they also seem 1 3 | 1 1 ۱ A و‎ o و ای‎ a a TUERI YR TERR E MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 29 normal thickness has been attained, all further peripheral increase ceases, and the axis grows upward in a cylindrical form. In Palms the growing point is conical, and in tree ferns terminally flattened ; so that in the one case the nascent vascular bundles are almost horizontally arranged on the apex, in the other they are, from the beginning, vertical; but in both all cellular increase of the body of the axis has ceased ere the fronds have attained their full development. Another point in which they agree, is in the development of a system of free vascular bundles, which, originating in the apex of the stem, grow upwards into the fronds and downwards in the axis. In other respects they present many important points of difference, as in the free anastomoses of the fibro- vascular bundles, and the formation of a woody circle surrounding the central ceilular axis, which, however, is partially represented in certain Palms (vide Plate XII.), as Fu- terpe oleracea, by a dense zone of vascular bundles, which very distinetly separates the central, in which cellular tissue predominates, from the peripherical and essentially vascular. The tissues of this median zone are developed, I believe, exclusively from below upwards, the growing points surrounding the apex of the stem, and passing out- wards into the fronds. Dense though this zone is, the bundles do not, in any case that I have observed, inosculate with each other. Another important difference is presented in the passage of these bundles to the fronds. In Ferns small ramifications of the bundles only pass into any given frond, while in Palms the entire bundle enters the frond. I need scarcely remark that there are also important differences in the minute structure of woody bundles of Ferns and Palms, the former being much more simple, though apparently similarly limited in their period of growth. In thus noting the struetural affinities and differences of the stems of tree ferns and palms, I by no means ascribe to them an equal grade of organization; tree ferns are decidedly inferior in rank. They have, however, sufficient in common to justify the opinion of their being differently diverged and progressed forms of a common ancestor, which must have been of great antiquity, considering that both apparently presented much the same characteristics in the Carboniferous epoch as they do now. | The anatomical relations of the caudex of tree ferns to the less perfectly developed dicotyledonous stem is of much interest in theoretical natural science, as showing us the graduated steps by which the simpler condition of the fibro-vascular system and stem- structure of the arborescent Filices is related (and that mayhap ancestorially) to that of the more highly developed dicotyledon. The vascular system has been well distin- guished by Schleiden as “simultaneous,” “definite,” and “indefinite.” The first two modes of developement are almost peculiar to the higher cryptogams and monocoty- ledous, though the first is the more especial characteristic of the former, as the second is of the latter class, while the indefinite mode characterizes nearly the whole of the dicoty- ledonons division. In the present remarks it is necessary to notice those only of the latter series presenting the least-perfect forms. This, I believe, is represented by the. Nymph:eas, which present the following anomalous arrangement—a central parenehy- matous mass, interspersed with variously directed isolated woody bundles, with an irre- gular circle of larger bundles surrounding it. From the latter branches proceed through the external parenchymatous mass towards the appendicular organs, and present a very 30 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. complicated arrangement. The vascular system is destitute of the cambium layers, and apparently simultaneously developed with the apex of the stem, inasmuch as (from examination of longitudinal sections) we find it as largely developed towards the apex (though naturally less hardened) as in the lower and older parts. Cell-development seems to me confined to the flattened apex, all further peripherical increase being due to | cell-expansion, as shown by the enlarged size of the latter as compared with the former. Waving, then, the difference in the anatomy of the bundles and the other structural and morphological characteristics of Nymph:eas and Ferns, we have evidently a considerable analogy in the growth and development of the main axis, in the apparently simultaneous | development of the vascular bundles, with an absence of the cambium layer, and in the origin of the adventitious roots from the base (generally) of the rootstalks of the leaves —all characters common to both forms. The affinity of the nymphzaceous stem with the monocotyledonous has been urged by various authors; and there can be no doubt they have many characters in common; indeed, if we have regard to stem- structure only, the. characters, aberrant though they be, are more strongly mono- than . dicotyledonous. Here, however, we must be. guided by the embryo, which, as shown by the authors of the ‘Flora Indica,’ p- 235, is truly dicotyledonous. Slight stress can be laid on Trecul’s objection that the cotyledons are retained within the seed, which seems to me but a natural adaptation to the conditions under which germi- nation usually takes place. The slightest reflection on the function of these organs, and the fact that the seeds often germinate under many feet of water, teaches us how, by the * survival of the fittest,” the ordinary mode of development may have been de- parted from by arresting the cotyledonary development, economizing the then feeble vegetative forces for the development of the plumule and the projectio leaf to the surface of the waters. The degradation, so to stem, is also a very probable result of the conditions of gr of mechanical strain on the leaves of these plants indi development of the woody system may have been gra generation, until it reached its present aberrant condition. that mechanical action is a most potent agent in the building it is of high interest to trace such retrogressions as the ab The interest in the present ease is owth; the comparative absence cates, in my opinion, how the > so many characters in common with tree ferns, and the most placid environments) 1 in giving to them their anatomical characters, which differ i geners, and which they have so unch many long geological periods. Schleiden remarks that “the who to that of the arborescent ferns, and the difference of dimension.’ le structure of certain C allowing for the different nature of the vascular bundles And, again, he elsewher omy of Nymphea has thus retrograded and presented | n of the primary " speak, in the structure of the dually reduced, generation after - : Reflecting, then, on the fact | “up of the woody structure, — ove under its reduced action. — © remarks, * T believe it would E e PIT CE TERRE ET actacex bears great similarity T A IRE T ERIS خن‎ Morem TETTE MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 31 not be difficult to prove that all the modifications of woody tissue in ferns oceur in every essential point in the Cactacese and the succulent Euphorbiacez." With reference to this I have to remark that the arrangement of the vascular bundles in the first stages differs but little from that characteristic of the young shoots of dicotyledonous plants in general, and that ultimately they seem to me to find their closest relationship, struc- turally and physiologically, in Cycads, more remotely with Nympheeas. They (the Caeti) have thus buta very indirect connexion with the Ferns; and I should not have noticed them here but for Schleiden's remarks, from which I may assign the following reasons for differing :— In Cacti, the composition of the stem is :—1st, a central parenchymatous mass ; 2nd, a zone of vascular bundles separated concentrically, and also in a partial manner radially, by thin cellular layers; and, 3rd, a largely developed cortical parenchyma. In Cycads the general arrangement is much the same, the difference being more in degree than kind; thus, the concentrie zones have thicker layers of cellular niatter interposed, and the intrusion of the cortieal parenchyma in vertical planes is very much more marked, giving to.the wood a peculiar tendency to split up, when dry, into thin radial laminse. Such, then, are a few of the more prominent structural relations of Cycads and Cacti, to which I may add the following physiological ones. It is well known that Cacti are singularly tenacious of life; but it is not so generally known that Cycads possess the same quality in an equally high degree. An uprooted Cycas, even in ordinary forest shade, will produce adventitious roots and an abundance of adventitious buds from all parts of its stem ; so also with Caeti, though with much less facility when the stem is otherwise uninjured. Again, when the stems of a Cycas are broken off, the surface is readily closed over by a development of the cortieal and intravascular parenchyma, whence adventitious buds sooner or later proceed. In Cacti the intra- vascular parenchyma is less active than the cortical; and we find that under similar conditions to those noted in Cycas a thick surrounding “ callus" is developed from the cortex, while a few cellular papille, <“ embryo buds," are the products of the intravascular cellular layers. In all the above characters therefore there is a con- siderable similarity between Cycas and Cacti. There is thus evidently a wide gap between the anatomy of the stems of Cacti and tree ferns, between which, if I mistake not, Nymph:eas may be very naturally interposed, as combining a living type of exogenous flower structure with an acrogenous development of the stem. With regard to habit and arrangement of the reproductive organs, the tree ferns, as has been frequently remarked, have considerable affinity to Cycads; but from my observations their further relationship by a circinate vernation is unfounded. 1 have been particularly observant on this point, and write from repeated examination of plants in their own habitats as well as those in the Botanic Gardens, Calcutta ; and in no case have I seen circinate fronds on a Cycad. While I now write I have before me the young unfolding fronds of the following species :—Cycas circinalis, Linn., C. Rumphu, Miq., C. revolula, Thunb., C. siamensis, Miq., all of which have a straight vernation, with involute pinne ; and this, I suspect, has been the origin of the opposite view now so generally adopted by authors, apparently on the authority of Linnzus and Roxburgh’s 32 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. C. circinalis, and Thunberg’s C. revoluta, both of which are singularly inapplicable, Indeed the close imbrication of the fronds in the bud of Cycads renders all but im- possible a gyrate vernation, which, for my part, I should have as soon looked for in the choicest of a florist's roses or camellias. The vernation and other characters of a few Cycads are shown in Plate XII. | The Ophioglossaces have more characters in common with Cycas than the Poly- podiacez, e. g. the straight vernation, the distribution of the sporangia on the margins - of a spicate branch, as in Ophioglossum, or in glomerate tufts, as in Helminthostachys. | In the latter and perhaps most highly organized genus of the Ophioglossacex, we have - | the nearest approach to Cycas in the stem-structure. This stem consists of a central | column of parenchyma, surrounded by compact vascular lamine, a thin layer of | elongated thin-sided cambioid tissue, merging into the main parenchymatous mass, which is again enveloped in a thin rind, and thus much resembling the developing H apex or young frondless shoots of Cycas, with this difference, that while the incipient _ fronds are successively enveloped by the sheathing bases of their cyclical predecessors, _ edis Such are some of the _ points of approximation between Adder's-tongues and Cycas, i.e. before the latter have f These relations, however, are of 1 a converging tendency from the A CN NR aS a a DEM UU is LP much theoretic interest as showing retrogressively higher to the lower grades of structure. In concluding this part of my communication, ledging my deep indebtedness to Dr. T. Anderson, Superintendent of the Botanic i Gardens here, who has ever been as ready to afford me the necessary facilities for the _ examination of the tree ferns of Sikkim in their native forests, and also for kindly placing in my hands his own collections. I have very great pleasure in acknow- _ Description of the Species. CYATHEA, Sm. Sori on a vein, or in the axil of Involucre globose, inferior. 1. C. sPINULOsA, Wall. Stipes and main rachis stron - fronds glabrous, ample, subflaccid ; pinnules oblong, acuminate; lobes acute, " serrulate, with small bullate scales on the costules beneath ; sori copious, elose to the costules ; involucre globose, very thin, membranous, fragile, soon breaking | regularly... (Syn. Fil. p. 285. Walli Gap a. 178 ; Wall. in herb. 1823; Hook. - Sp. Fil. vi. p. 25; Moore's Ind. Fil. P. 273; Bedd. Fil. p.19, 1.57.) < Pauhyüm" - and “ pügzhóck of the Lepchas. 1 This is one of the rarest of the Sikkim tree ferns, of the sorts eaten by the Lepchas, indigenous gly aculeated, often dark purple; | probably owing to its being one 1 to their own tropical valleys, and " MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 33 so got with much less difficulty than their own favourite the 4. comosa (** pashin’’) of the higher altitudes. C. spinulosa is known to the Lepchas under the names of * pánhjüm " and * pügzhöck ”—the former name being applied to a somewhat 1 dwarfed form, with caudex rarely exceeding 6 feet in height, found in the drier ۱ valleys of the Teesta, the latter to the fully developed form, 30-40 feet high, of 1 the valleys of the Rungbee and the Rungjo, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. The | specimens from the valley of the Teesta were brought to me by our Lepcha col- lectors; but I have myself seen a few specimens of it in the valleys of the Rungbee and the Rungjo. When seen from a little distance, it might be mistaken for Hemitelia decipiens, n. sp., though readily distinguishable by its much more flaccid membranous texture and the differently formed involucres. The caudices below are always enveloped in a dense matted mass of strong adventitious roots, and upwards with the strongly armed bases of the persistent stipes, terminating in a handsome corona of pale green fronds. These are from 5 to 8 feet long by 14-24. inches in diameter. : IA ERAS ۴ HEMITELIA, Br. Sori globose, dorsal upon a vein or veinlet. Receptacle elevated. Involucre a scale situated on the underside of the sorus, varying in size and shape and texture, often indistinct, and often very deciduous.—Mostly tropical and arborescent, with the habit of Cyathea, a connecting link, as it were, between the latter genus and Alsophila, consequently often difficult to recognize. (Syn. Fil. p. 27.) HEMITELIA DECIPIENS, n. Sp. Arborescent; caudex occasionally dichotomous, 30-40 or more feet high, covered upwards with the persistent bases of the past year's fronds, and downwards with a mass of adventitious roots; stipes of a mahogany-brown colour, strongly aculeate at the base, paleaceous, muricated, furfuraceous, and of a pale brown colour upwards ; fronds 10-12 feet long, somewhat rigidly coriaceous, glabrous, with a few small fringed bullate scales on the costules, drying of a blackish green above, greyish green below; primary pinna 20-30 inches long, 9-12 inches wide, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ; pinnules 4-8 inches long, and 10-12 lines broad, pinnatipartite; segments linear-oblong, acute, falcate, sérrate ; veins once to thrice forked, or pinnate, with 3-5 veinlets ; sori conspieuous, copious, close to the costule, and below or upon the axil of the lowest fork, usually on more or less contracted segments with recurved margins; involucres deciduous, varying in size from a small scale at the base of the sorus to large, semicalyciform, 2-lobed or irregularly broken; paraphyses small, filiform.— Alsophila decipiens, Bedd. Fil. Brit. Ind. t. 311. Hab. Sikkim, near the junction of the Rungbee and the Rungjo, at 2000 feet elevation, and in the Poomong Cinchona plantation at 2500 feet. This is the “ pügzbeek-nök ” of the Lepchas. In my notes which I attached to the specimens of this when collecting I had referred it to Hemitelia; but in subsequent examinations of dried specimens, too mature when gathered, which showed but slight traces of an involucre, I doubtfully placed it amongst the Alsophile, near A. late- VOL. XXX. | F 34 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. brosa. It has been published by Beddome (vide ‘ Ferns of British India,” t. 311) as an Alsophila. Lately, however, I have had young specimens, which show it to be a true Hemitelia. It is perhaps most closely allied to, though I believe truly distinct from, the more strongly muricated forms of H. Walkere, especially those with the more elongated falcate segments. Under Cyathea spinulosa 1 have noted its resem- blance to that species; it also considerably resembles certain of the more strongly armed peninsular states of A. contaminans. Aside from generie characters, however, they are easily distinguished by the opener sinuses and less strictly dichotomous vena- tion of H. decipiens, and the glaucous hue of the underside of the fronds of A. con- taminans. They also differ much in the structure of the stem, the interior of the stem of H. decipiens being abundantly interspersed with free woody bundles, which are nearly absent in A. contaminans. The fronds are also heptastichously arranged in a 7 angular divergence in the former species, with long persistent bases; in the latter the angular divergence is $, the stipe altogether less woody, rapidly decaying down to the stem, and leaving upon it, as in the truly articulated species, prominent ovate scars, 4 inches long by 2 inches wide. I may here note that the origin of the Lepcha name, “ pagzbeek-nok," or the black pagzbeek, is from its resembling, in armature and . development of the fibro-vascular system, 4. latebrosa, their * pügzbeek ;" the adjective has its origin in the darker-hued stipes. ALSOPHILA, Br. Sori globose, dorsal on a vein or in the forking of a vein. Receptacle mostly eleväted, frequently villous. Involucre absent. Arborescent, chiefly tropical, ferns, with the general habit of Cyathea and Hemitelia. (Syn. Fil. p. 31.) : l. A. LATEBROSA, Hk. Stipes aculeate at the base, muricated upwards, dark maho- gany-brown in colour; primary pinne oblong-acuminate, 12-24 inches long, 6-8 inches broad; pinnules lanceolate-acuminate, 3—4 inches long, 3 an inch broad, and cut down nearly to the rachis into numerous, linear-oblong, blunt, slightly toothed lobes on each side; texture herbaceous, upper surface dark green, naked, lower surface naked, or slightly hairy and scaly; veins all once forked; sori elevated, conspicuous, occupying often the lower two thirds of the segment *,— Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. p. 43; Moore, Ind. Fil. p.52; Bedd. Fil S. Ind p. 19 t. 58; Polypodium latebrosum, Wall. Cat. n. 318, < Pügzbeek" of the I chal by many of whom it is called « Sürüngó-pálüh," or temperate pálüh. is Hab. An exceedingly abundant species in the Sikkim forests, and having an altitudinal range of from * Several of the Sikkim plants which I have examined h (quite different in texture from the bullate scales of the rac ave what appears to me a truly his and costa), jan Hemitelioid inyolucre eis might almost justify their reference to distinguish them from the truly non- u ya Lie de Fee nis. ی‎ a. See kee ZU Bun zu LE ER TY aa Sn eam TEXAS WE, TTA MT MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 85 3000-6000 feet on the mountain Sinchal. It is, however, most common at elevations of 5500 feet ; and at the lower and higher elevations noted above it is but sparingly distributed. The extreme forms when seen growing are so very dissimilar in general appearance that, but for the many intermediate forms, they might be regarded as specifically distinct. It is the first of the tree ferns which greets the eye in the ascent of these hills by the Ganges and Darjeeling road, as at Kursiong, where there are several fine groves and many isolated plants. These, however, rarely exceed 20 feet in height; and it is only at elevations of 5000 feet and upwards that we find them with fully de- veloped, simple, rarely forked caudices, 30-50 feet high. In one specimen which Mr. Gammie was good enough to measure for me on Sinchal, at an elevation of 5200 feet, the caudex was 43 feet high and 7 feet in circumference near the base. I pre- sume, however, that the girth-measurement was taken round the large cone of adventitious roots, as the thickest specimen which 1 have seen measured only 43 feet round the clean caudex. 2. A. CONTAMINANS, Wall. Stipes and rachides paleaceous at the base, purplish brown, glossy, aculeate, with short prickles tipped with a gland : fronds ample, coriaceous, glabrous, black-green above (when dry), glaucous beneath; primary pinne 2 feet and more long, oblong-ovate, acuminate; pinnules sessile, 4-5 inches long, $ to nearly 1 inch wide, deeply (nearly to the costule) pinnatifid, linear-oblong, sub- faleate, entire, the fertile ones often more contracted, with margins (when dry) revolute, obseurely erenate; veins once or twice forked; sori nearer the costule than the margin, a minute shallow-lobed and cut membrane surrounding the base of the receptacle after the capsules are fallen.—Syn. Fil. p. 41; 4. contaminans, Wall. Cat. in Index; Bedd. Fil. Brit. Ind. t. 85; Polypodium contaminans, Wall. in herb. 1823 ; Cat. n. 320. “ Pálüh-doon" of the Lepchas. Var. ß (A. Brunoniana, Wall. Cat. n. 7073 B.) unarmed, stipes densely pulverulent ; segments more elongated, 5-7 inches long, $-1 inch wide, obtuse; sori extending nearly to the apex of the segments.—A. glaucescens, Wall. n. 7074 ; A. Wallichiana, Présl, Tent. Pterid. p. 62. “ Pálüh" of the Lepchas. The normal form of this species is a rare plant in Sikkim, becoming more abundant in the Khasia hills, and frequent in the Malayan peninsula and islands of the archi- pelago. The var. ß, on the other hand, is one of the commonest of the tropical tree ferns of Sikkim, equally abundant also in the Khasia and adjoining hill-ranges, ex- tending to Burmah, the Malayan peninsula and islands. In Sikkim its altitudinal range is from about 2000-3000 feet: var. « rarely exceeds 25 or 30 feet in height, and from 3-4 feet in circumference: var. B is altogether more graceful, with a tall and slender stem, from 30-50 feet high, and 1-3 feet in circumference, conspicuously and regularly marked with the large scars of the fallen fronds. The base of the stipes and young unfolding fronds are in both densely clothed with long glossy chestnut- coloured scales, and throughout covered (more densely in var. 8) with a yellowish grey puberulous matter. The fronds are from 10-18 feet long and 4-8 feet wide. The | : Fr 2 36 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. glaucous hue of the fronds beneath will distinguish it (4. contaminans, var. Brunoniana) . from Hemitelia Walkere, with which it has a very considerable resemblance in habit, structure of stipe and rachis, form and texture of pinn®. This is specially the case when those forms of H. Walkere with imperfectly developed involucres (scarcely cos- tules) and elongated slightly faleate segments are compared with the /ess-fertile speci- mens of A. contaminans, var. Bà jana. i I was at first disposed to regard var. ß as a good and distinct species, as it is always readily distinguishable from var. a in Sikkim by its non-aculeate stipes. An examina- tion, however, of an extensive suite of specimens from the hill-ranges of Eastern Bengal Burmah, and the Malayan peninsula, clearly shows that they are but forms of one species. The var. Bis, I think, without doubt the 4. Brunoniana, Wall., as there seems to be no other species at all approaching the description of the Sp. Fil. in the Sylhet mountains. 3. A. ORNATA, n. sp. Arborescent; stipes paleaceous at the base, slightly muricated, and, as well as the main rachises, of a glossy purplish brown colour; fronds bi- tripinnate, 7-9 feet long, 3—4 feet wide, herbaceo-membranaceous, upper surface glabrous, brownish green when dry, lower pale green, sparingly scaly on the rachis and costae ; primary pinne oblongo-lanceolate, rather abruptly contracted into a short deeply pinnatifid apex; costa and costules slightly scaly below, glabrous above; pinnules 3-5 inches long, 6-8 lines broad, sessile, or with one or more of the basal segments petiolate, and more or less lobato-serrate; segments oblong, or linear- oblong when fertile, slightly faleate, obtuse, crenato-serrate; veins variable, simple to thrice, usually once forked, or pinnate, with 3-5 veinlets ; sori between the costule and the margin, small, extending on the more fertile specimens to near the apex of the segments, with a few delicate caducous bullate scales at their base.—** Daug- páshin ” of the Lepchas. Hab. Sikkim, on the banks of the Rungbee, at an elevation of 2500 feet. Dr. Anderson and I have also — collected it there and on the banks of the Rungjo. It is an exceedingly handsome species, with a somewhat slender caudex, from 20-40 _ feet high. It is allied to A. comosa, but easily distinguished by its | rachises and costee, the latter being scaly below, which is nearly always simple in 4. comosa, and again, in the living plants, by its simple or bifurcating caudex void of those adventitious buds so copiously produced by the former, and the large development of woody bundles in the interior of the stem. In the latter character it resembles 4. latebrosa. The Lepchas, as indicated by their - native name “ daug-päshin,” recognize its resemblance to 4. comosa, their “ páshin,” 1 and “daug,” signifying warm, from its being found in the moist tropical valleys. I have + also heard it called * sirüh-pálüh," or the black <“ páluh.” ۱ nearly glabrous and the more compound venation, 4. A. comosa, Hook. Unarmed; stipes paleaceous, pale brown, as well as the rachises, Jronds herbaceous and scaleless ; with long linear-subulate scales, which are tawny-villous on the upper side; primary pinne 14-16 inches long, 6-8 inches | MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 37 wide; pinnules oblong-acuminate, from a rather broad and truncated sessile or shortly petioled base, serrated two thirds of the way to the costule, pinnatifid, with . very narrow sinuses; lobes close-placed, oblong, serrated; veins rarely forked; sori orange-coloured, rather distant between the costule and the margin, nearer the latter (in Sikkim plants always near the costule) ; receptacle small, very slightly elevated.—Syn. Fil. p. 41; Bedd. Fil. Brit. Ind. t. 84; Polypodium comosum, Wall. Cat. n. 319. ** Páshin” of the Lepchas. Hab. Sikkim, in the temperate forests, at elevations of 5000-6000 feet. On the east- by-south-east flank of the mountain Sinchal it is very abundant, and there forms beautiful groves. It is the “pashin” of the Lepchas, an interesting and remarkably proliferous species, producing adventitious buds from nearly every part of the surface of the caudex and the bases of the stipes, a peculiarity which has not an origin, as might very naturally be suspected, in the germination of the plant's own spores amongst the appendages of the caudex. It is truly a specific peculiarity, different degrees of organie connexion between the buds and caudex being evident, as I have shown above, in every dissection. This power of reproduction by gemm:e, though a well-known character of the dwarf herbaceous species, has not, so far as I am aware, been hitherto noticed in the caudex of the tree ferns. By the continued production of new buds and the growth of the old, together with the profusion of adventitious roots to which they give origin, many of the plants attain very bulky proportions. Thus one of the plants which I measured on the east flank of Sinchal, at an elevation of 5200 feet, much exceeded in thickness, I be- lieve, any that have been previously recorded. This had an erect caudex 26 feet in height, with eleven main ramifications on the lower parts, varying from 6-10 feet in length, and 10-16 inches in circumference. Six other fully developed shoots from 5-8 feet long had been lately broken off, and then lay by it. The circumference at base of main caudex was 9 feet 10 inches, and immediately under the first ramification, at a height of 4 feet, 7 feet 6 inches; fronds 11-13 feet long, 4$-6 feet broad, with stout stipes 44 inches in cireumference at the base. Another, whose dimensions I had from Mr. Gammie,was 21 feet and 7 feet 8 inches in cireumference, with 54 shoots in various stages of development. It presents another peculiarity in the fall of the fronds; in all the other species this is effected gradually, while this is strictly deciduous, and this, singularly enough, at a period when the surrounding vegetation is all in its highest vigour. "This is about the middle of August, and of course during the periodical rains, when latent vegetation in any truly indigenous plant would indeed be an anomaly, but preeminently so in the case of ferns, which above all others delight and are most luxuriant (each in its own habitat) in that period of the year when the temperature is highest and the degree of atmospheric humidity greatest. Of the many ferns inhabiting those forests I know of none which affords a parallel to .4. comosa; all others are vigorous and verdant; it alone stands in great groups, with bare, bulky, and unshapely caudices, conspicuous in their barrenness, and looking like the imperfectly habituated denizens of other climatic conditions. | The extreme height of this species is, I believe, about 25 feet; but this is only attained in the least-proliferous individuals ; and much more frequently we find these at from 38 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF RRITISH SIKKIM. 10 to 20 feet, with fronds 6-10 feet long and 4-5 feet wide, the stipes invested with brown mahogany-coloured scales. 5. A. ANDERSONII, n. sp. Arborescent; caudex 20-30 feet high; stipes muricato-aspe- ۱ rous, ebeneous, rather densely clothed below, sparingly upwards, with lanceolate- | subulate deciduous scales; main rachises tawny-villous above; fronds 8-10 feet long, herbaceo-membranaceous, pilose; primary pinne oblong-lanceolate, acumi- " nate, 12-30 inches long, and 6-9 inches wide; pinnules 3-5 inches long, 6-12 lines wide, shortly petiolate downwards, oblong-lanceolate, pinnatipartite, with narrow acute sinuses, and an attenuated serrated apex; segments broadly ob- long, blunt, serrated; veins simple or once forked, and more or less hairy ; sori - 6-14 on each segment, conspieuous, globose, arranged in slightly oblique lines - towards the costules, and nearer the latter than the margin; capsules mixed with - jointed, deeiduous hairs.—Bedd. Fil. Brit. Ind. t. 310. « Pálüh-nok" of the Lepchas. Hab. In the moister parts of the valleys of the Rungbee and the Rungjo, at elevations of 1000-2500 - feet (Dr. T. Anderson, myself, and others). This species is most closely allied to 4. glabra, but at once distinguished by the softly | tawny-villose fronds, and the sori more nearly parallel with the midrib than in that species. It has also a much less proliferous habit than 4. glabra: see specimens with even three ramifications from the main originate from adventitious buds, never, that I have seen, It is the * pálüh-nok" of the Lepchas, or the black <“ dark ebony-coloured stipe from the light mahogany (A. contaminans, var. Brunoniana). it is by no means rare. There are others of the Sikkim larger fronds; yet I know of no more handso of beautifully graceful fronds, from 18-20 feet in diameter. by bifurcation of the axis. 6. A. GLABRA, Hook. Stipes asperous, paleaceous at th rachises, purple ebeneous, polished; fronds sube HER 1a ous; primary - ex; pinnules, upper ones oblong-acuminate, 3-6 inches E way to the costule, rarely more ; i pinne 13-2 and more feet long, deeply pinnatifid at the ap sessile, lower ones petiolate, from a truncated base, long, 5-9 lines wide, pinnatifid from one fourth to half lobes triangular or rounded, rarely ovate, sori on most of the lobes, generally arran ing to the apex of the lobe.—Syn. Fil. p. 43; Ind. p. 22, t. 60; Polypodium altissimum, Cat. n. 180; Polypodium giganteum, Wall. Cat. p. 64; Polypodium sexpedale, Hamilt. MS. * Pilüh-küp ” Hab. In Sikkim strictly confined to the tr | tions of 800 feet. I have also fou serrated ; veins pinnate, veinlets all simple; nd it in a thicket near to the Ganges and D indeed it is rare to _ caudex; and these always _ pálüh, as distinguished by its -brown of those of their ** pálüh " 1 Though much less common than the latter species, | Species with taller stems and 1 me species than this, with its dense corona i e base, and, as well as the main EO 1 h umbrosum, — up” ofthe Lepchas. - opical valleys, occurring on the banks of the Teesta at eleva- _ arjeeling road beyond — ai ine. an AAN N ES kr EN ERR ONT MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 39 Gareedhovra ; and I suspect it is the same species which, Dr. Anderson informs me, is so abundant in the forests of the Dulha Jhar, from two to three miles south of the Balasun river, and about six miles from Punkabaree. An interesting species, with an exceedingly proliferous and occasionally dichotomous caudex. In the Sikkim valleys it varies from 6 to 15 feet in height, and in this respect differs from the lofty specimens of the Khasia hills, Malayan peninsula (50 feet high, Wall.) and islands. It is, as remarked in the Sp. Fil, “so variable in the form and size of the pinnules in our copious specimens, that it is scarcely possible to define them In words 2.2. “on some specimens 2-4 inches long by 3 an inch broad, on others 6 inches long and 1 inch broad; segments also varying much in length and in the depth of the sinus.” I may add, it also varies much in the venation, and even in the position of the sori, though the more or less V-shape is very characteristic. These variations are shown in many figures of the pinne of this species from two plants which I collected in Sikkim. In the first three specimens, from one plant, the venation varies from simple to forked, with the veinlets occasionally uniting again before they reach the margin; sori on one segment parallel to and placed nearly on the margin, in the other tending to the triangular arrangement, though distant from the costule. In the series from the other plant the venation is simple and forked, the sori are marginal and obliquely tending towards the costule. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. PLATE I. Fig. 1. Portion of the base of caudex of Alsophila latebrosa: a-b entire, showing the slender tapering. inferior extremity; b-c in longitudinal section, showing the sudden expansion of the caudex towards the upper extremity, and the reduction of the interspaces between the fronds—b being the point of origin of the 20th frond, while in the shorter portion between this and c! 30 fronds are given off. Nat. size. Fig. 2. Transverse section of the caudex of A. latebrosa: a, epidermal layer; 5—5, stipes in different stages of development; c, woody laminz, consisting of an outer layer of dark-brown pleuren- chyma (c), a stratum of parenchyma (c°), and a central layer of pale-brown trachenchyma (œ); d, central parenchymatous mass, with imbedded fibro-vascular bundles, e. Nat. size. Fig. 3. Longitudinal section of the woody laminz of the above prepared by maceration, showing the arrangement and shape of the frond-meshes—with recurved margins, from which branches are given off to the latter. Nat. size. ۱ Fig. 4. Transverse section of the caudex of Hemitelia decipiens ; the references are the same as in fig. 2; adventitious roots concretions of cellular tissue resembling the free vascular bundles. ;Nat.size. PrarE II. | Figs. 1 & 2. Lower and upper surfaces of a half-inch-thick section of the caudex of Alsophila comosa at 40 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. the growing-point: fig. 1, upper; fig. 2, lower surface; a-a*, fronds in different stages of deve- 1 lopment ; 4, the incipient woody laminae arranged on the flattened apex, indicating the points | of origin of future cycles of fronds, c. Nat. size. : Fig. 3. Lower section of the same, showing the normal distribution of the vascular system : a, epidermal layer; û, adventitious roots; c, woody laminae; d, central parenchyma; e, bases of fronds in various stages of development. Nat. size. | , Fig. 4. Another section of the same, with similar references, showing the derangement in the distribu- tion of the vascular system caused by the development of adventitious buds, f. In the most perfectly developed bud secondary ones are observable as round protuberances of cellular | matter, g. Nat. size. 1 Figs. 5 & 6. Outer and inner view of the base of the stipes of the above, showing the stipal loculi arranged E in an intramarginalline. Nat. size. : Prate III. Figs. 1 & 2. Outer and inner surface of the base of a stipe of Alsophila latebrosa, showing the large elliptical loculi continued laterally upwards along the stipe, in the line of the pinne, fig. 1, ex- 1 ternal surface: a, basal loculi; a’ lateral loculi; 5, adventitious rootlets ; fig. 2, internal sur- - face, with similar references, showing the enlarged saccate appearance of the loculi; c, the ۱ fibro-vascular bundles of the stipe. Nat. size. 4 Vig. 3. Transverse section of the growing-point of a caudex of A. latebrosa : a, bases of the young fronds i b, woody laminz, showing the demarcation of the points of origin of future fronds (c c) and illus- trating the independence of the origin and distribution of the vascular system on the latter | organs. Nat. size. Xx Fig. 4. A lateral section of the above, similarly prepared, but representing more. clearly the arrangement | and peculiar ramifications of the vascular bundles: a, stipal loculus; 5, scales of the stipes 7 ] c, prolongation of the woody laminæ beyond the developed frond-region to near the growing : apex of the axis. Nat. size. 1 Vig. 5. Base of a stipe of the above species extracted from the caudex, with its elongated free vascula | bundles: a, the armed epidermal layer; b, base of the stipe; c, diaphragm of frond; d, woody. laminz ; e, the inosculatory and ramifying bundles. Nat. size. - - (tH 1 Prats IV. Fig. 4. alos ien s Alsophila glabra: a, epidermal layer; b, adventitious roots; c, base of pes 3 @, young fronds; e, woody lamina, continued out int th 3 "o 9, central parenchyma, Nat. size, E into the frond e’; f, free woody bundles Fig. 5. Transverse section of the same, with similar references. Nat. size. PLATE V. 13. 1. Longitudinal section of the trifurcate a true bifurcation of the apex; a, e»! caudex of Alsophila ornata: A & B, shoots originating epidermal layers ; 2, woody laminæ; e, points of origin of t MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 41 - fronds; d, central parenchyma; e, fibro-vascular bundles imbedded in the latter; 4, apex of the third and least-developed shoot.. Nat. size. Fig. 2. Base of the frond of the same, showing the form and arrangement of the stipal loculi. “Nat. size. Fig. 3. Longitudinal section of the base of a young stipe, exhibiting the diaphragm (a) of the frond. Nat. size. Fig. 4. Longitudinal section of shoots 4 and C, showing the origin of the latter also in a division of the stem. Its somewhat lateral position is due to the more vigorous development: of the others. The references are the same as in the above; f, the undulating surface, is here due to the partial decay of the young fronds; g & h have reference to the following sections. Nat. size. Fig. 5. Transverse section of the undivided caudex of the above at the point g in fig. 4, showing marked irregularities in the distribution of the vascular system, and a partial lobing of the caudex, indicating the commencement of the subsequent bifurcations: j, an adventitious shoot; k, ad- ventitious roots enveloping the epidermis. The other letters correspond with the previous figures. Figs. 6&7. Lower and upper surfaces of sections at the points A and i in fig.4. Fig. 6 exhibits the lower surface, and shows a ternary segregation of the woody lamin, and the origin of another adventitious shoot at the point /, Fig. 7, of the upper surface, exhibits clearly the completed ternary division. m, horizontal woody plates continuous with the main woody framework, but unprojected laterally, apparently from the derangement of the vegetative forces, consequent on the trifurcation of the caudex. The other references agree with those above. All the above sections are of the natural size. PLATE VI. Fig. 1. External portion of a dried caudex of Alsophila latebrosa cleared of the bases of the stipes, so as to show the regular arrangement and form of the scars in that species. Nat. size. Fig. 2. Vertical section of the caudex in the line of two frond-scars, exhibiting the free woody bundles in the central parts of the scar, and the origin of the others from the main woody framework. Nat. size. Fig. 3. A scar separated, with its woody laminz, showing below a portion of the loop of a lower frond: ; a, the branching-off of a marginal series of bundles, 5, which pass along the periphery of the stipe ; c, d, the diaphragm of the frond , exhibiting the arrangement of the free vascular bundles, e. Nat. size. Fig. 4. A portion of the rhizome of Polypodium proliferum prepared by maceration: a, central parenchy- matous axis; Û, vascular bundles giving off branches to the fronds, c. These branches, it will be observed, pass off indifferently from the inosculations and intermediate parts of the bundles. Nat. size. | Fig. 5. Sections of the tubers of Nephrolepis cordifolia, showing the reticulated marginal distribution of the vascular fibres on the main parenchymatous mass. Nat. size. Fig. 6. Longitudinal section of the dichotomous caudex of Nephrodium molle, with its very imperfectly developed woody system surrounded by a dense mass of adventitious roots, from which protrude the stout knob-like bases of the old, though still living, stipes, Nat. size. Prate VII. Fig. 1. Longitudinal section of the stem of Asplenium esculentum, showing the irregular distribution of the vascular bundles as compared with that of tree ferns. Nat. size.. VOL. XXX. G 42 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. Fig. 2. Portion of the woody framework of the same, prepared by tion : a, the continuation of the woody laminze from the margins of the meshes, 5. Nat. size. bis Fig. 3. Transverse section of the same near the base of the caudex, with the irregularly distributed vascular bundles (a) in the parenchymatous axis (4), the epidermal layer (c), the adventitious buds (d), the stipes (e), and a thick matting of adventitious roots (f). Nat. size. Fig. 4. A similar section higher up on the axis, which shows a considerable reduction in the diameter of the caudex, and a more regular distribution of the vascular system. The references agree with 1 those in the previous figure. Nat. size. Figs. 5 & 6. Sections of the stipe, with two T-shaped woody laminz in the basal section (fig. 5), uniting upwards, as shown in the higher section (fig. 6). Nat. size. ' Figs. 7-14. Sections of the stipes of the several species of tree ferns subsequently described, showing the differences in the arrangement of the free vascular system in the respective species : fig. 7. Cyathea spinulosa, near the base ; fig. 8, higher up on the stipe; fig. 9. Alsophila latebrosa ; fig. 10. A. contaminans, var. Brunoniana ; fig. 11. 4. ornata; fig. 19. A. comosa ; fig. 13. A. An- dersonii ; fig. 14. A. glabra. Al nat. size. - Longitudinal and transverse sections of the rhizomes of Acrostichum scandens. The vascular system is concentrically arranged in from 10 to 14 isolated bundles, and inosculate somewhat rarely. "The transverse sections exhibit a larger central bundle, with a median ring, a zone of | slender isolated bundles, and a second on the periphery composed of still more tiny bundles. The thickened. bundles, a, correspond with the side of the attachment of the rhizome. Nat. size. Fig. 16. Longitudinal and transverse sections of the rhizome of Polypodium phymatodes : a, transverse section of rhizome and base of a stipe ; a”, pulvinus ; b, transverse section of rhizome and an offshoot ز‎ c, transverse section of rhizome; e, the same of a stipe; d, longitudinal section of rhizome and stipe. Nat. size. spinulosa, showing the large obovate scars, the small elliptic essions of the adventitious roots, of which some of ass of stout elongated adventitious roots. "The stipal "pper central frond, but more clearly in the detached base, fig. 8. Nat. size. : 4 Ten à : PrarE IX. Fig. 1. Portion of the caudex of 4. contaminans, var. Brunoniana, a short way below the apex, enve- loped below in the adventitious roots, upwards in scales. The Scars on this species are very prominent, with the exserted ends of the vascular bundles, “18: 2 ia a detached base ol ML Dador | j | ر‎ Which are | thi i and of very irregular shapes. Nat. size, i Sr ett ae Fig. 3. Trifureated apex of the caudex of A. ornata. The adventitious roots in this of the others, originate almost entirely from the base of the stipe linear verticillate manner, as shown in the figure. Nat. size. : species, unlike some extending round it in a PLATE X, ch n of ie caudex of A. comosa, exhibiting the closely set protuberant scars with their markedly pronterous bases... The specimen represented is from near the "pper portion of a somewhat MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. 43 slender eaudex, as showing best the frond-scars and points of origin of the offshoots, which are completely hid in the lower parts with the adventitious roots. At the lower left-hand corner of the figure a strong perfectly developed shoot has its origin, while upwards very many others in various stages of development are shown. Nat. size. Fig. 2. An aborted shoot of a normal bifurcation of the main axis, which is now with difficulty dis- tinguishable in structure from an adventitious bud from the base of the stipe: a, epidermal layers ; 5 and 0’, the inner and outer strata of the woody lamine; c, vascular bundles of the shoot; d, a loculus of the stipe; e, e, part of a progeny of buds which surrounded the whole surface of the shoot; f, the partially decayed apex. Fig. 3. Base of stipe, showing loculi and adventitious buds. Fig. 4. Section of base of stipe, showing diaphragm. PLATE XI. Fig. 1. Portion of a young caudex of Alsophila Andersonii, with the stout persistent bases of the fronds all densely covered with scales. Fig. 2 is the base of a stipe denuded of scales, to exhibit the disposition and form of the loculi, which are in both respects very irregular. Nat. size. Fig. 3. Portion of the caudex of A. glabra, which, unlike most of the other species, has the long per- sistent bases of the stipes overlapping each other in linear lines, giving it an appearance alto- gether unlike any other tree fern with which I am acquainted. It is singularly proliferous, giving off buds somewhat indifferently from stipes and caudex. The lineal superposition of the fronds is the cause of another peculiarity, in the adventitious roots having first an upward ascent until they reach the broken extremity of the frond below; thence they pass downwards in a curving radial manner, as shown in the figure. Nat. size. Fig. 4. Base of stipe of A. glabra, showing loculi and adventitious rootlets. PLATE XII. Fig. 1. Longitudinal section of half the apical portion of the ‘caudex of Euterpe oleracea, exhibiting the arrangement of the vascular system :. a, the central parenchymatous mass sparingly interspersed with woody bundles; 4, a dense zone of the latter, curving round below the flattened apex to the developing bud ; c, the looser-structured external zone, with the bundles partly arranged parallel to the axis, and partly in an irregular curving manner; d, the latter bundles, which have their origin at a later period than the former, and are, moreover, characterized by growth at both extremities, the upper growing up into the frond, the lower downward in the caudex ; e, bases of the fronds, with the nascent inflorescences, f, in their axils; each frond, it will be observed, originates in the sheathing base of its predecessor. Nat. size. Fig. 2. Apical section of the stem of Cycas revoluta, Thunb., exhibiting the straight involute vernation, and differing from palms in the free origin of each frond on the apex, as is the case with tree ferns: a, central parenchyma; 5, woody layers; c, the external layers of parenchyma, inter- spersed with fibro-vascular bundles. Fig. 3. Seedling plant of Cycas Rumphii, Miq. (C. circinalis, Roxb.), four months old, in longitudinal section : d, the central vascular bundle of the main root; e,adventitious roots; f, the hardened spermoderm ; g, the perisperm ; the other references as in the previous figure. Nat. size. The venation in this species also is straight and involute; and the young frond at the stage represented in the figure is not unlike the fertile branch of the Ophioglossums. Fig. 4. An unfolding frond of ee spherica, Roxb., showing the involute character of the vernation. Nat. size. e 2 44 MR. JOHN SCOTT ON THE TREE FERNS OF BRITISH SIKKIM. Fig. 5. Section of a three-months-old seedling of Cycas pectinata, Griff, which also shows, even from the first frond, the involutely folded pinnae, without the slightest disposition to curvature of the : rachis. Nat. size. PLATE XIII. A. Cyathea spinulosa, Wall. : fig. i. Porboh of a frond, nat. size; fig. 2. Portion of the rachises with two pinne ; fig. 3. An upper view of a portion of the rachis; fig. 4, Segments with sori, magnified ; fig. 5. Magnified barren segment, showing the venation. . Puate XIII. B. Alsophila latebrosa; Hook. : fig. 1. Portion of a frond; fig. 2. Portion of the rachis ; fig. 3. Pinne : all nat. size. Fig. 4. A magnified soriferous segment ; fig. 5. A magnified barren segment, showing the characteristic venation, | PLATE XIV. Hemitelia decipiens, Scott: fig. 1. Portion of a frond; nat. size; fig. 2. Portion of the rachis; fig. 3. ' < Pinne, nat. size; figs. 4-7. Magnified segments exhibiting the venation and variations in the degree of development of the involucre; fig. 8. A magnified barren segment; figs. 9-11. Sori, more magnified. Pram XV. A. contaminans, Wall., var. Brunoniana : fig. 1. Portion of a frond, nat. size ; fig. 1 a. Two fertile pinne, nat. size; figs. 2 & 3. Portions of the rachis, exhibiting its entirely unarmed lower and upper surfaces ; fig. 4, A magnified sporiferous segment; fig. 5. Portion of the strongly armed rachis of Alsophila contaminans, Wall., for comparison with the unarmed rachis of the var. Bruno- niana; fig. 6. A magnified barren segment, showing the venation ; fig. 7. Pale: of the base of the stipe, nat. size. PLATE XVI. ۰ Alsophila ornata, n. sp.: fig. 1. Portion of a frond ; fig. 2, of the rachis, and fig. 3, of two pinnae : all nat. size. pinna, to show the venation. showing the upper surface; Fig. 4. Magnified fertile pinna; and fig. 5. A sterile : Sae PLATE XVI. 5. Alsophila comosa, Wall. : fig. 1. Portion of a frond; fig. 2, of the rachis, showing the upper surfaces; and fig. 3, of two pinnæ: all nat. size. Fig. 4. Magnified fertil segment, to show the venation.. PraTE XVII. Alsophila Andersonii, n. sp.: fig. 1. Portion of, a frond; fig. 2, of two pinnz: nat. size. Figs. 3 & 4. Magnified segments, the former fertile, the latter sterile, showing the venation ; fig. 5. A . receptacle, more magnified, showing the jointed hairs. : PraTE XVIII. Alsophila glabra, Bl.: figs. 1 & 2. Portions of different fronds from a single plant, showing the differences ۱ in the form and cutting of the pinnz. Nat. size. Figs. 1 a, 2a, & 3 a. Segments from a single plant, showing the variations in the position of the sori; and figs. 1 û, 25, and 7 | agnified segments of the same ; figs. 4a, 5 d inne from another plant, all nat. siz 8 a, and 6a are p e; and 45, 5 b, and 65 are ifi : the variability of the venation. de magnified segments to show e segment; fig. b. A barren - Tnaaus.Liun. Soc VoL XXX Tan]. au o am E EP = AEE i = ٠ شر ی‎ — nn. = — -= 3 "MO ET t ne i : تا‎ : una 1 Lon لین‎ 3 N ۱ N = O : x met - SN RC x MOSSOS ÁS , mae. SSS SDA ida. A AS IS RES UN ee at un E ee ES AT e ih e IS EN e lo o Kt iens Grote. ecıpı è i A latebrosa Y Isophila 4 Hemitelia d Al ry 9 Trans. LINN. Soc. VoL. XXX T an. 2. JN Fitch imp. W.H Fitch del et lith. Alsophila comosa kh. oL.XXY Tas, 3, NN.Doc Vi T 1. TRANS d W. H. Bitch del et hth. Alsophila latebrosa. Hk Trans . Law. Soc Voi XXX An 4 W.H. Fitch del et lith hila contaminans Mall mrBrunoniana, Figs.1,3. Alsop 77 -p aye + SE 1 4 O A1 Trans. Linn. Soc Vor XXX Tan 5. A Zn تست مه‎ ee JN Fitch imp Alsophila ornata Scott. W.H Fitch. del .et ith . Trans Lum. Soc Ve oL.XXX Tan 6. Figi-3 . Alsophila latebrosa Hi. Fig.4 . Polypodium S icum Prost. fu 5 Nechrolepie cordifolia. Baker J.N Fitch mp T. Trans. linn. Soc Vor XXX Tan 7. W.H. Fitch. del et lith . JN Fitch, imp figs 1-6. Asplenium esculentum. Fest Figs. 1. 8. Cyathea. spinulosa, Wall. — 9. Alsophila latebrosa. Hk. 10, Alsophila contaminans. Wall vardrunanana. | IL Alsophila ornata. Scott 12. Alsophila comosa, , - | 14. Alsophila glabra, Hk 13. Alsophila Andersom. Scott. 15. Acrosticham scandens Fee 16. Polypodium phymatodes. Û. W.H.Fuch del et hth. Trans. Linn. Soc Vor. XXX Tan.8 an à 0 a A c£. "o x 4 mS, J.N Fitch, ump HAglCyathea spinulosa. Mal, ha 2 Hemiteha. decipiens. do Trans. LINN. Soc Vor. XXX Tap 9. u a re J.N Fitch „map W.H Fitch delet hth , Fig 1. Alsophila contammans . Wall. var Brunomiana phila ornata, . Sc. - fig.2.Also 1 Trans.Linn.Soc Vor XXX Tas 10. WE Fitch del et hth. J.N.Fitch imp Alsophila. comosa, Zh . Trans. Linn Soc Vor. XXX Tanll. | Uu ll W 1 | A | ۱‏ ا N "n‏ | ۱ ۱ i red av.‏ | i WA 1/6 Ali. 1) NER ۱ à MALUS 4 ۱ ۳ i i NAN? pm y PO Fy.3 Figs 1 2 Alsophila Andersoni. Swt 1 | P Trans. Linn. Soo Von XXX Tan 12 . IN Fıtch imp CO UO ۱ {tof et? Fig.4 3. Cycas Bepi Mu. ee tica ate a P —— — (a nn En. a E Ea Fu ei taU ORG, MITTIN i n ec ith. W.H.Fitch del e e a کدی‎ erica form. fa. uten pe oleracea, Mart Cycas revoluta. Thunb. LE ly Lug. 2. Jig. 4 Lycas sp Trans. Linn. Soc Von. XXX Tan 13, A ANS Ks oo SSSSSN IN X Bg.1 INBGhamy 0 Alsophila latebrosa, Wall. Cyathea spinulosa, Mall, ==, Traws.Linn.Soc Vor XXX Tas. [4 ۳/۳ SI NA Ny Bo like NN ۳7 2 Na ER 3 AD VDA ENS f N راد‎ D u FIR 7 7 7 Li) LE xd x ^ EN DSZ ENTRE RON N DIT BE I 3 Mr BE UNE WAS ۱ N Ir WSE y 719.5. eg A TS a رل‎ A ED A ah as SUE A او‎ E DE E Aa gf ADS | 6 A = * ۳ MA £n 7% ER N, m MES j po u D BEER j ei oe رات‎ 0 | | ٤ ; i | ۱ SL T zx MA | ر‎ N IE ۱ E A AWA E DA | WH is Hemeteha decipiens Solb. Q - Linn Soc Vo XXX Tan | ds 1RANS EN SE d ZA / > 3 Ma bd, es PPM S idad JN Fitch. map Sly g REF Te Thee x NANNY N BSS N a u x 7 WERE KI li FETT URL SSPE S] > SPARRA PYN $7 K y == BEL [t t emm ر e‏ Fu.7 ` C M AN (7 PE D NA uA. DS Alsophila conLammans//fidvar Bruna 5 SSS S à ۳۷ ARK ANA Y AA > Fig 7 q " 2 1 ۱ ۱ N ۷ "] 1 ۹ > ۷ X [/ Y 2 x EX A - A SN A 4 2 7 E =

S J + ^ I TE . $ RK! 3 *N = ۷ M ۱ ۱ ۷ u " M AC : N ES La f N ame E. S Trans Linn. Soc.Von. XXX. VOL $ => WSS N N P 0 UE SS‏ ما ttn Ord [Y SA FS A RANN : En BEN dt a PL DEAE T QUIE V tS 37. : jà 24 ۱ Ye VK 9019154 VOU 20 " JEDE | h MN WY U O IND "s 3N ph Bs 3 9 y DNA AE EOS xn SI DE q B oe PARÓ apo | om يجبي "t m A ; 0 Za Al ES >> N | te 7 N 3-4 rome Ss = i E. NASA > 4 YI N UN ü cu I DE a VERRE «irit DOO mer 7 7 2 * >, € “ate $; z2 P 4 رفس‎ ۳ e iy Mins € r COE e Sol: oa rue OR اک‎ nn یا فی‎ a had Se ESAS ۳ ۳ 0 7 A AU Qu = | IR v 3 9% A SS ¢ 2 NAR 8 A Wy we RR OS N 0 pa de N S | x ann EN vis #7 273 QUO BLA vo ER N V 000 T VAY m‏ ویس vg ond‏ بیس EDAD‏ ER |‏ سم lee 173 17 L‏ 00 0 ` A NA m 0 0 MN 0 SN ۱ 0 ۳ m DU — » > 4 NH A H 7 "7 10 y M OG nere Andersoni, Scott IN ue 1 a PAR DOM Ar Ag] M N EU Y N ۱۳ N AN 4 : SN B= WA NY AN ۸ j ۱ ex CES INDON | à 3 eee N POPE ey T 7 Hm T V IRANS.Irınn. Soc VoL XXX Tap 18 Ve DOLLY 224 EN E E PA NS IDEN | N & 3 Mo Soles x 7 < PDE —- AR Pe De YP (SS 17 y » تلا‎ ` > ۱ Y Os > que N eve ۳1 DES ¥ A YI > ۱ E y y ^, V FAND h f 72 NSS (2 V NAE IT ۱ A GOL PES) À y fa is i Na IND N aaa NAN D DSA EAN We eh WZ Pr SAA) me ANA " 2 ۳ NUS ER X of AS d ا‎ Gs (5 Uu > e Z Sy SCR AE TN 3 AK A (| (02 ۱ Ñ SNN SUN SS AR WA, > > DAR 1 ^ RN RAY zi VERSUS qe NS NEZ iG. amc AMI SS WD Y LAS > Se STK FB, „ISIN Fan a NOS N Y 79. y ES ELLIE ASSIS | RRs, XO IIS W.H Fitch, del.et kth . J.T Fitch imp. [45 ] II.—On some Recent forms of Lagenze from Deep-sea Soundings in the Java Seas. By F. W. OWEN Rymer Jones. (Communicated by H. T. STAINTON, Esq., Sec. L. Soc.) (Plate XIX.) Read June 6, 1872. HAVING devoted my time for some months past to the investigation of some packets of mud from deep-sea soundings in the Java seas, which were kindly transmitted to my father by Lieutenant A. Ross, one of the officers on board H.M.S. ‘Serpent,’ sent out on a surveying expedition in the latter part of 1868, I propose giving the results of my labours in a series of papers treating of the Foraminifera therein contained, beginning with the simple monothalamous group Lagena, many varieties of which, I believe, have not hitherto been figured. Though much valuable information regarding the minute organisms of the Foraminifera has of late years been brought to light, yet their distribution is so extensive both in a fossil and in a recent state, and they play so important a part in the economy of our earth, that our knowledge of them, even morphologically speaking, is still very incomplete. From the pole to the equator and from the equator to the pole, in littoral deposits and through every varying grade to the abyssal depths of ocean, these microscopic atoms teem in incalculable myriads, steadily increasing in numbers, and silently but surely forming, with the accumulated . shells of ages, one of the most, if not the most, important of the potent agents in the remodelling of the surface of the earth. The sounding (No. 2) from which all the forms figured in this paper were drawn, was brought up from a depth of about a mile and a quarter (1080 fathoms), ten miles south of Sandalwood Island (lat. 8° 30’ S. long. 115° 10’ E.), October 13th, 1868; and when brought up to the surface, the mud * had a greenish look and was very soft, with a consistency of jelly. Its temperature was 47^ F.; and when the hand was applied it felt like ice." When I received the packet, it had the appearance of a thick cake of dry light-grey mud *. i | Amongst the forms which are most powerfully represented, both as regards number and size, those of the Rotaline series seem to claim the precedence. Botalia is abundant, and occasionally attains a good size (comparatively speaking ; for all the forms from this sounding, with very few exceptions, are extremely minute). .Discorbina and Planor- bulina are abundant, but smaller. The Uvigerine and Bulimine are plentiful and well developed ; but Bolivina, though well developed, is more rare. Textularia is abundant ; and its uniserial variety, the Bigenerina of D'Orbigny, is occasionally met with; while Cristellaria is rather rare and feeble. Nodosaria is well developed but not very abundant, as also is its Dentaline variety, though the latter is still more scarce. Globigerina is common. Nummulina is rather rare; but its variety Operculina ammo- noides, Gron., is more abundant. Cornuspira is present, though moderately rare ; and * Vide note on page 69. 46 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. the Miliole *, including Biloculina, Quinqueloculina, Triloculina, and other varieties, are A not uncommon. In this sounding I have also met with a few very perfect Rotaline “ casts,” probably of Operculina. The Polycystine are also abundantly represented by many very beautiful forms, of which I believe are new to science. a The Diatomacee, too, are very numerous, and are well represented by Coscinodiscus, — | Campylodiscus clypeus, Amphitetras ornata, Asteromphalus elegans, Cerataulus turgidus, — and Triceratium favus, Ehr., the last of which is rather rare, though the quadrilateral — | form of this species is very common. IDEE The “tests” of Foraminifera are plentifully met with, and present great variety of — | shape and texture, some being merely an agglomeration of irregular coarse sand grains; — while others are composed of smooth, straight sponge-spicules, sometimes loosely inter- = woven, or compactly and longitudinally arranged; and those of a third variety are — formed by a very translucent exudation from the contained living body, which is 2] strengthened in parts or allover by small sponge-spieules, sand grains, and minute shells of Rotalia. iod The valves of Ostracoda appear in considerable abundance ; amongst which are those | of Cythere clathrata, Reuss, Bairdia amygdaloides, Cytherideis maculata, Cyther eis = lacerata, Heterodesmus Adamsii, Brady, and many other varieties. | E The spicules of Sponges which are met with so profusely in the * Spongitenkalk" = of Germany, and in the Upper Greensand and Oolitie and Carboniferous Limestones of T . our own country, are also abundantly present in these seas, and form an important item — in the sedimentary deposits of the present deep-sea bed. "Their forms are very varied ‘ and beautiful, presenting so many diversities of shape that the study of these alone is P full of interest. de The spines of Echini also are not by elaborate and perfect. The Lagene, which are now under consideration, are tolerably abundant and well developed in this sounding, though as a rule they are very small. The largest forms 1 have met with measure about 30 Of an inch long by ¥ of an inch wide, the rud A ios er oe attaining 350 Of an inch in length by eio - with an a pes sind met with perfect Entosolenian forms (those ue ; inch long b is : 8 وه‎ ute that their shells measured no more than 500 of. " or hd i "- en ineh broad. Making, therefore, a rough calculation, i; doubtedly ES — of the shell-walls, which a great majority of them = these microsco icf PME Mould contain upwards of a million and a quarter % about 58,000 : pene: e calcaire grossier of the Paris basin is estimated to cou organisms in the — N and D’Orbigny estimated the number of these minute متا‎ aes nt quantity of sand from the Antilles at upwards of 32 millions. y of figures even for one cubie inch of this mud passes far beyond our some any means uncommon, many of them being very - ? P Appears to have its representatives in 4% E ‘means uncommon to meet with young speci a porcellaneous, arenaceous, and vitreous series, as it is by ^ -walls of which are as transparent as glass. MR. F. W. 0. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENE. 47 appreciation ; but when we consider that this is repeated throughout the whole length and breadth of ocean, we may indeed fling arithmetic to the winds. There is, perhaps, no family of the Foraminifera which presents such a varied and rich collection of forms of such marvellous delieaey and exquisite beauty of contour as the Lagenidz ; and yet withal, they present a simplicity of structure and decoration as beautiful as it is simple. Flasks, amphore, goblets, water-carafes, and flagons all have their representatives among this mimic throng ; yet all are so delicately sculptured, and present so great a variety of shape and surface-decoration, that it would be difficult to find a more perfect type of grace and elegance than some of these microscopic forms possess. The wider a survey one takes of the Foraminifera the more closely do forms which, taken separately, are entirely differentiated as regards shape, approach each other through so many intermediate gradations, that it becomes far from easy to define the proper limits of each family; and it is this which makes a natural classification of them so difficult of attainment. Nor are the Lagene exceptions to this variability ; for ‘though, as a rule, there is throughout a general family likeness, yet they differ so greatly, both as regards shape and external decoration, that it becomes extremely difficult to define with precision any peculiar characteristics of sufficient limitation and unvarying combination to separate them from each other even specifically. With regard to the isomorphisms of Lagena they are by no means uncommon. With Nodosaria Lagena blends so imperceptibly that it becomes a matter of uncertainty to which group some of these forms belong, while some of the ** wild " growths bear a degree of resemblance to Polymorphina. . I have in my cabinet a two-chambered form, occupying the neutral ground between the two-chambered Lagene and Nodosarie, which takes a decided Dentaline curve, the elongated necks being excentric, though the septal line is very constricted, and thus preserves the true Nodosarine character. Among the Miliole this isomorphism is very remarkable, one porcellaneous form being monothalamous, and having the shape of a subglobular neckless flask, the exterior of which is ornamented with three small longitudinal riblets on either side. Another has the form of a very narrow elongated flask with a well-formed external neck, the older chambers being enclosed within the flask and lying close to one of the sides. A somewhat similar occurrence is observable in some of the arenaceous varieties of Miliola, where the last chamber becomes greatly enlarged, and encloses the smaller ones within its walls. "These points of similarity, however, are of no importance, as these shells in other respects differ so materially that they are widely separated. _ The shell-walls of the Lagene are usually perforated with pseudopodial orifices, though this characteristic is subject to great variation. In some shells these canal-pores appear to be entirely wanting, the walls being beautifully smooth and of glassy transparency ; while in others, such as L. levis, Montagu, figured by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (Foram. from the N. Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, p. 349, pl. xiii. fig. 22), the foramina occupy only the lower third of the shell. Sometimes, as in L. marginata, Montagu, (Pl. XIX. fig. 28), they are clustered round the margin of the shell in a wide horseshoe- like band. A somewhat similar example from the Hunde Islands, is figured by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (loc. cit. pl. xiii. fig. 44). In one shell (Z. marginata) these MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON. SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA, A8 ۰ E L] . : : i over the shell-surface, but leave a small ne... و‎ and imperforate ; while in others the BP موی‎ E qnom. radiating from the centre (Z. radiato-marginata, u "pes er ne meh perfection in their recent form from the Australian : a loc. cit. pl. xviii. fig. 5 a). Some of the two-chambered varieties, howerer, nn Là d straight. style of foramination in the same shell, the o vi dmn ile in the second chamber th imordial chamber sometimes having them radiated, while in the s ey = directly from without to the interior (figs. 60, 62). In Mme. i Lagene, such as.the L. striato-punctata of Parker and Rupert J Ones, t e A Me passages are said to be confined to the base of each riblet, at either side of whie ey i of punctations. بویت یز‎ flask-like forms are provided with an internal tube, which, how ever, is not seldom absent. When present, it shows great variability, sometimes یس‎ in a straight line to the bottom of the cavity, where it terminates (fig. 36), or even P round at right angles and runs along the bottom for a short distance ; or, 2 E. other hand, the tube is cut short at any intermediate point between the orifice and ih | base. In others it becomes greatly flexed, taking a more or less serpentine form, A sickle-shaped (fig. 1), while occasionally it takes a sigmoid curve, or even curls aa at the top like a pig’s tail. The mode in which the tube terminates is also e In some it ends abruptly, without any apparent increase in diameter towards : end; while in others the free end becomes patulous or trumpet-shaped, and in 7 cases it widens out like the bottom of a sailor’s trouser-leg. r This internal tube is not, however, peculiar to the Lagene, though its 7705 most commonly observable among these shells. A similar tube is also present E | of the Polymorphine and in the ultimate segment of forms of Dentalina legumen, D 2 ۱ of whieh I possess more than one example; in some of these shells the anterior e | is also produced into a long slender external neck. Among some members Ee Nodosari@ the internal tube is also well developed, as I have before me a tree = | bered, striated, and marginate form, each chamber of which is provided with a W E formed internal stolon-tube, MES In the following pages I have endeavoured, as far as possible, to follow the nomen - : ters clature proposed by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones, and set forth in Dr. Carpen : Great Britain’ (Ray Soc.) 1858 > P. 4) in preference to that of sulcata of Walker an Jacob, from the fact that not only would the employment of such terms as L. e : dictory, as Prof. Williamson has pointed out, bu se. n cata, var. globosa, are made use of, it would create pu mind a wrong impression of the organism; for it would infer that the shell is DDP Whereas it is smooth. The substitution of the name vulgaris obviates all this. . isi With regard to specific names, the shells of this group pass so imperceptibly by | gradations into each other, that structures the most dissimilar are found to be ۴ MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 49 ‚connected by intermediate links, and ean therefore be regarded only as varieties of one specific form, as Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones have already observed. Many of the shells here delineated, which have not, to my knowledge, been hitherto drawn, present many features of interest to the students of these Microzoa. These I have for the most part arranged as subvarieties of forms already named; and I have endeavoured, as far as expedient, to add as few new names as possible to the already too perplexing medley of synonyms. I do not expect the following pages to be exempt from those faults which are so apt to creep in when studying such minute forms as those here described; but as all these shells have been drawn and studied by me while in a recumbent position on an invalid's couch, I trust that all defects will meet with a lenient criticism. Shut out in a great measure, as I unavoidably have been, from access to many of the works of reference, and unable to retain the few I sueceeded in obtaining, except for a very short time, I have had to contend with many disadvantages; and therefore, if through these pages there are errors of synonymy or the like, those who have learnt from experience the difficulties Which a person cut off from the advantages of our libraries, and never allowed to assume even a sitting posture from one year's end to another, has to contend with, will, I am sure, look with an indulgent eye on all minor shortcomings. Those who are desirous of becoming more thoroughly, acquainted with these and other Foraminifera cannot do better than to study Dr. Carpenter's * Introduction to the study of the Foraminifera’ *, and the monograph by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones on those of the N. Atlantic and Arctic Oceans +, and their several memoirs on the nomenclature of the Foraminifera 1, and, for those of our own coasts, the excellent monograph by Prof. Williamson. The Paris basin and several recent deposits have been well explored by M. d’Orbigny ; while the fossil forms from several foraminiferous deposits in Germany have been copiously figured and described by Prof. A. Reuss, who has furnished us with a series of pictures unsurpassed both as regards numbers and excelleney of drawing, and. one of whose memoirs is entirely devoted to the Lagene §. To the valuable information thus accumulated I now append these forms from the abyssal depths of the Java seas, with the hope that they may help to extend our knowledge of these marvellous little beings, and awaken the curiosity of many to search for themselves among this uninteresting-looking “mud,” which forthwith, touched as it were with a magician’s wand, ; « Shall have a voice, and give them eloquent teachings.” LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. (Entosolenia) globosa, Montagu. (Figs. 1, 2.) Shell free, symmetrical, of very variable shape, passing through every intermediate Stage between a globular, ovoid, and cylindrical contour. External walls smooth, * «Introduction to the Study of the Foraminifera,’ by W. B. Carpenter, M.D., F.R.S., assisted by W. K. Parker, Esq., F.R.S., and Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.G.S. (Ray Soc. 4to, 1862). + In ‘Phil. Trans. London, 1865, vol. clv. pt. i. m + Papers on the Nomenelature of the Foraminifera, in the * Annals & Mag. of Nat. Hist.’ 1850-1863. — $ “Monographie der Lagenideen,” in Sitzungsber. der Acad. der Wissenschaften in Wien, Band 46, Abth. i. 1863. VOL: KIKO y . MISSOURI H BOTANICAL GARDEN. 50 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. hyaline or semiopaque, very coarsely foraminated in some, while in others the canal. pores are very fine or entirely wanting; orifice central, circular, and more or less lipped; situated at the anterior extremity, and most commonly communicating with the interior by means of an internal, slender, straight or flexed tube of very variable length, some. times ending abruptly or becoming patulous at the free end. The base of the shellis very variable, presenting in some à widely rounded form, which even becomes flat or dimpled in the centre, while in others it is furnished with a small mucro, or becomes very peaked, insensibly passing into the apiculate varieties figured by Prof. Reuss, and between which there seems to be no line of demarcation. The anterior portion of the shell is equally variable, in some being very bluntly rounded, while in others the reverse is the case. Prof. Reuss figures a form under the name L. emaciata, the only difference being in its more slender and elongated shape; but this difference, together with that exhibited by the square variety, .L. inornata, of D'Orbigny, passes by so many intermediate grada- tions into the egg-shaped and globular ones, that they cannot with propriety be separated. The amount of variation among this species is very remarkable; and at first sight it seems difficult to regard them all as belonging to the same species; but like as the leaves of the oak or the ivy-vary greatly even on the same tree, and yet present unmistakable points of resemblance between one and another, so among the shells of this group, though their contour is extremely variable, yet they present so great a family likeness, both as regards shell-structure and absence of ornamentation, that it would be wrong to separate them. | These forms are, as a rule, symmetrical; but in a few cases this uniformity of contour- is impaired. These examples, however, are only adventitious. : Occasionally one meets with shells having a suture-like mark on their shell-wall—the shell having most probably been accidentally broken, and repaired by the contained foraminifer (fig. 2). | LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. apiculata, Reuss. (Figs. 3-5.) i The shells of this variety are in all respects similar to those of the L. (Entosol i) globosa, saving that in these forms the base is more or less truncated or furnished with® mucro of very variable length. These varieties seem to form an intermediate link between the the L. globosa, and L. levis on the one hand and the Z. distoma on the other. Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones unite under this name several forms, the base of which is provided with an aperture; but though such shells are undoubtedly vr closely allied to the apiculate varieties, yet many forms occur in which this apiculatiot of the base assumes a more caudate character, and forms a solid and sometimes CU! de basal appendage ; and therefore I am disposed to regard those with a true basal apertum as belonging to the distomatous series, and to admit, under the name apiculata, only ES those structures which, though produced at the base, are still imperforate. These Ue pee E er gradually from those with a rounded base that I question the prof" a. them from Z. globosa and L, levis, except for the sake of convenience — ccasionally one meets with abnormal growths, many of which are very reu MR. F. W. O: RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 51 Prof. Williamson depicts a form of Z. (Entosolenia) squamosa, var. hexagona, which has the appearance of two similar forms joined at their bases; while Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones delineate three fossil structures of L. levis (pl. xviii. figs. 10, 11, & 12), from the Grignon beds (Eocene), which take on a second lateral chamber. A rather interesting “wild” growth from the Java seas is depicted in fig. 5, in which the flask- shaped form not only takes on a second upper chamber, but the walls of this cell become double, and enclose a third, while a fourth chamber extends up the whole length of the exterior of the opposite side. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. fissurina, Reuss. (Figs. 6-8.) The chief distinguishing characteristic of this group is the compression of the orifice into a wide “ ornithorhynchoid " beak; and Prof. Reuss has therefore raised it to the rank of a special genus, under the name Fissurina. It, however, so narrowly resembles Lagena in all save the compression of the aperture, that it has been considered by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones to be insufficiently differentiated to be separated from them, from the fact that among the compressed forms of Lagena, many of which are included by Prof. Reuss in this genus, the orifice would naturally have a tendeney to become flattened in proportion to the amount of compression of the lateral walls, espe- cially where there is no internal tube to counteract this; and therefore the chief charac- teristic of Fissurina loses its generic value, especially as in fig. 8 is delineated a form from the Java seas in which the shell possesses a decided external neck—an occurrence which more effectually breaks down the partition-wall between Lagena and Fissurina. Still the compression of the septal aperture undoubtedly does occur even among forms provided with an internal tube (figs. 7, 8); and therefore I have for the present retained the name as that of a varietal form. Fig. 6 somewhat resembles the F. apieulata of Reuss (Monogr. taf. vi. fig. 85), but is more produced, while fig. 7 is an elegant entoso- lenian variety of the more elongated and tubeless F. oblonga, Reuss. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. gothica, Nov. (Fig. 9.) Shell ovate, tapering towards the anterior, gently rounded at the base. Walls thin, hyaline, smooth, and finely foraminated. Internal tube very short and stumpy. The external decoration is very remarkable, consisting of several delicate, narrow, longitudinal bands of milky whiteness, passing three fourths up the shell, where they curve over and form elegantly pointed arches. These are about six in number, and are very slightly, if at all, raised from the surface. The shell appears slightly broken at the orifice, and is at present the only one of the kind I have met with. LAGENA VULGARIS typica, Williamson. (Figs. 10-13.) These forms resemble L. globosa in all its many modifications of contour, the chief difference being in the possession of an external neck. The base of the shell also varies in outline, sometimes being more or less apiculate (figs. 10, 11; and L. en William- H MISSOURI BOTANICAL GAR DEN. 52 MR. F. W. 0۰ RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENJE. son, pl. i. fig. 6), or gently rounded (fig. 12), presenting very variable and elegant shapes of water-carafes, vases, &c. The extremity of the neck is generally surrounded bya thickened marginal rim, which occasionally curves over, forming a deep lip (fig. 11). In the globular structure depicted in fig. 11, there projects from the centre of the hase what appears to be an extremely short and narrow internal tube, which apparently com. municates with the exterior. silt A similar tube I have also observed in a form of L. striata, and also in L. pertuso- marginata (fig. 47) ; but, owing to the extreme minuteness of this tube and the smallness of the shell, its presence might easily be overlooked. In the symmetrical form, of which fig. 13 is a copy, the stolon-tube is produced into a well-formed straight central neck, the rim of which becomes thickened, and is ornamented with a few slender recurved spines round its external margin. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson. var. glacialis, Nov. (Fig. 14.) Shell, symmetrical, amphora-shaped, widest just above the middle, from which it tapers towards the base, where it is bluntly rounded. Anteriorly it contracts into a pro- longed wide neck, which in this speeimen appears to be broken. Shell-wall transparent . and glassy, composed of irregular plates of shell-substance, which crowd together and overlap each other like a field of broken ice. p No internal tube. um LAGENA VULGARIS, var. semistriata, Williamson. (Fig. 15.) Shell flask-shaped, more or less elongated, resembling the typical form in its numerous - gradations of contour. The „posterior portion is ornamented with a variable number of i fine strise, which are sometimes very feeble, or, becoming more apparent, pass up the exterior, not unfrequently as high as the upper third of the structure. In some the striations project beyond the base, forming a coronal of sharp spikes, or the shell is pro vided with a small mucro. The walls vary considerably in different individuals 35 regards perforation and hue, in some being densely foraminated and of a dirty white colour (fig. 15), while in others they are transparent and glassy and apparently imper forate. Anteriorly the shell tapers into a more or less elongated neck, which is ۳ mounted at the orifice by a “turned” rim. This neck is generally smooth ; but in some : rieties, such as the Oolina striaticollis of D'Orbigny (Voy. dans. ’Amer. Mérid. Foram: - p: 21, tab. 5. fig. 14), it is ornamented with a neat spiral. This peculiar style of decori- tion, however, is not confined to these forms, being observable in L. striata (fig. 18), an E pee L. sulcata (fig. 26), where it becomes greatly developed. E Fig. 15 somewhat resembles the smooth Z. vulgaris, var. clavata, of Williamson; bit onical. These semistriated forms unite the smooth with the stri most probably but incipient growths of L. striata. qa varieties, and are em a ULGARIS, Williamson, var. striata, Montagu. (Figs. 16-20.) ^ ; general shape of these flask-like forms is subglobular or widely elliptical, 5" MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 53 times subcylindrical and elongated, passing through every intermediate modification of contour, while the shell-walls are glassy and transparent, not unfrequently being some- what opaque and finely foraminated. The exterior is ornamented with a variable number of thin trenchant riblets, which pass longitudinally up the shell-wall, terminating sometimes at the base of the neck or extending up its sides, and also occasionally project from the base, forming a more or less wide coronal (fig. 20). Sometimes these striations are more or less interrupted (fig. 18), some of them occupying the middle portion of the flask only. The greater number of these forms taper towards the anterior more or less gradually into a well-formed external neck, though examples occasionally occur which are deficient in this respect. Among these is one which somewhat resembles the L. Haidingeri, Czízek (Reuss, Monogr. p. 326, taf. iii. fig. 41), the only apparent difference being that in the shell depicted by that author the neck is external, while in that from the Java sea the tube is introverted. The L. amphora of Prof. Reuss, from the Septarian clay of Pietzpuhl (taf. iv. fig. 57), is a slightly bulged variety. In a somewhat slender form there is a small swelling near the top of the neck, which resembles the cicatrix on the body of a wounded earth-worm, the small portion of neck-tube above this being slightly bent out of the axial line—giving the appearance of having been broken, and repaired by the contained microzoon. | Around the base of the neck of the globose form depicted in fig. 18 are observable a few feeble parallel rings of exogenous shell-deposit. In the entosolenian structures (figs. 19, 20) the walls contract towards the anterior into a very stumpy lipped neck, while the.base is rounded or sharply apiculate. The shell-walls are more glassy and the strize fewer in number than in the preceding figures, being reduced to about six. "These take their origin from the margin of the rim, and pass longitudinally down the sides to the base in transparent trenchant lamellae, which are sometimes narrow and become incorporated in a small basal mucro (fig. 19), or, becoming more strongly developed, terminate abruptly near the base, forming a coronal of knife-like edges encircling the rounded and smooth base (fig. 20) A still greater modification of surface ornamentation is occasionally met with among members of this group. In one ectosolenian form these riblets are reduced to four. These are formed by the bending over of the apertural rim of the neck, and pass down the sides in very strong blunt ribs, which are of unusual width at their commencement, but, gradually narrowing as they approach the base, project in the form of long thick spines. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. striato-areolata, Nov. (Figs. 21, 21 a.) Shell subspherical, transparent, glassy, ornamented with a considerable number (upwards of forty) of fine longitudinal strise, a few of which are continued partway up the neck. Anteriorly the flask-walls pass into a very long, straight, smooth tube of unusual length, and of equal diameter throughout. Walls minutely foraminated. This shell, through some accident, got broken after I had made a drawing of it— a misfortune which has proved beneficial, as it has disclosed the surface of the base, 54 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENE. which is very remarkable. The longitudinal stris, instead of being continued to the ntre of the base, or projecting from it in a coronal of sharp spikes, as is frequently the Bos among these striated forms, suddenly discontinue their rib-like decoration at the extreme base of the shell, and all the strie spread over the external surface of the base, and, anastomosing with each other, form an irregular network, the meshes of which have constant size or shape (fig. 21 a). ~ This union of the E and areolated styles of decoration on the same shell is, as far as my observations have gone, very uncommon. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. caudata, D'Orbigny. (Fig. 22.) Shell symmetrical, ovate or subeylindrical, widest at the posterior half, gently tapering ۱ towards the anterior, which is more or less produeed into an external neck; someni provided with an internal tube (Entosolenia globosa, var. lineata, Williamson, pl. i ۱ fig. 17); posteriorly the shells are slightly truncate or gently rounded, while the extreme — 71 base is provided with a solid mucro of variable length, which frequently assumes a more caudate character, and is often slightly bent. The exterior of the shell is decorated with : E a variable number of longitudinal stris. ; à In fig. 22 these are also supplemented by a few shorter ones, which are confined * i the neighbourhood of the base. This form, though retaining a general resen the L. caudata of Reuss, differs from it in many respects, being much more conp and tapering very gradually into a slender external neck, the orifice at the end d which is surrounded by a thickened rim. The basal mucro is more slender an slightly bent. > Shell-walls finely perforated. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. desmophora, Nov. (Figs. 23, 24.) Shell hyaline, smooth; ova te, sometimes elongated, flask-shaped, passing anteriorly - into a more or less produced and thickened round the rim. MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENZ. 55 LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. sulcata, Walker & Jacob. (Figs. 25, 26.) This variety, which has been chosen by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones as the typical form of Lagena, passes through every modification of contour from the subglobular to the flask-shaped or more or less elongated structures, the external neck also being often absent, or, when present, of very variable length, as also is the internal tube. The external walls are furnished with a variable number of thick longitudinal ribs, which are often-blunt or rounded (fig. 25), passing from the base to the neck, which is some- times left smooth. Not unfrequently these ribs take a somewhat spiral direction, as is seen in the flask-shaped form depicted by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (Trans. Roy. Soc. vol. clv. pt. i. 1865, pl. xiii. fig. 24), and sometimes, changing their character on the external neck, wind round it in an irregular, interrupted, oblique spiral (fig. 26), or encircle it with a number of transverse parallel rings. This character is also observable on varieties of L. striata (fig. 18), and is seen in great perfection on a recent form of L. hispida, Reuss (fig. 50). Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones have united the L. striata, L. interrupta, and Entosolenia costata of Prof. Williamson with this sulcate variety, to which ought to be added the L. filicosta, L. mucronulata, and L.Villardeboana, L. Isabella, with its variety L. raricosta, D’Orb., of Reuss (Monogr. taf. iv. figs. 50-56). _ These sulcate forms appear to be of rare occurrence at this depth (1080 fathoms), the only entire specimen I have met with being that delineated in fig. 25; there are, however, a few fragments of stronger and better-developed examples (fig. 26). The form of which fig. 25 is a representation has the ribs very blunt and rounded, some projecting slightly from the base, and extending in more or less interrupted and wavy lines to the orifice, which is wide in diameter and lipped. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. marginata, Montagu. (Figs. 27-32.) ` Shell compressed, subglobular, lenticular, pyriform, or flask-shaped, passing through very diverse forms, from that of a compressed sphere to that of an elongated flask. This group constitutes the Compress of Prof. Reuss, and is one of the most varied of all the Lagene. The base is most generally widely rounded, though occasionally some- what apiculate. The anterior is furnished with a more or less elongated neck-tube, which in some of the entosolenian forms is often absent. The ! mode in which this external tube is “ set on ” is subject to great modification, gently tapering in some from the flask-wall, while in others it is inserted very abruptly. The shape of the orifice is likewise inconstant, sometimes being circular, while in some of the entosolenian forms it is more or less compressed. The periphery of the shell is encircled by a wide thin marginal keel of transparent shell-substance, which varies greatly in different indi- viduals, sometimes being hardly apparent, while in others it is very large. In some forms this thin ridge becomes greatly thickened, appearing more rib-like (figs. 34, 35), and gives rise to sharp spikes towards the base; while in other structures the periphery becomes bluntly angular (Williamson, Monogr. pl. i. figs. 19-21), and is supplemented by a smaller ridge on each side of it. In many forms these marginal outgrowths are very wide, and double, united so as to form one, like the membranes of a leaf (figs. 38, 39), 56 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. or are separate, and three or four in number (tigs. 40, 41), in some of which varieties the lateral shell-wall is also ornamented with a few irregularly disposed trenchant costa: (fig. 40). This marginal keel is sometimes strengthened by a series of sharp straight spines, which. project into it from the periphery of the shell (fig. 42). In fig, 43, however, these spines are somewhat modified, and assume a flat triangular shape, resembling a circlet of shark's teeth. The foramina, as a rule, pass directly from within to the exterior, and are, scattered broadcast over the whole surface. But even this is found to have its exceptions; forin fig.28 they occupy only the margin of the.shell, crowding together round it in a broad band. The shell-walls are for the most part smooth, glassy, and finely foraminated, not unfrequently becoming considerably coarser. Lo These compressed forms vary greatly in their degree of compression, some being so little flattened that, were it not for the marginal border, it would undoubtedly be more appropriate to place them amongst the typical L. vulgaris, especially as this marginal film is seen to be in a very incipient state in many of the forms here depicted. It seems undesirable, however, to separate these less compressed and keeled forms from the true marginate ; for the shell delineated in fig. 28 is evidently a form of the ۰ (Entosolenia) marginata mentioned by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (Monogr. p. 349), and has E the eireumambient layer of shell-deposit still undeveloped round the sides and base. So completely do these forms pass into each other through numberless intermediate gradations, that any classification of them similar to the present must necessarily he artificial—though, for the purpose of identification, itis useful thus to create, as it were, several nuclei around which each company can be congregated. A few of these marginate organisms have their exterior covered with more or les blunted knobs, which are dispersed over the whole surface, and form an intermediate, link with the AsPrER x of Prof; Reuss. Among these shells the marginal keel is found in every stage of development, m: m times making its appearance at each side of the neck or extending with a greater or 168 4 development round the periphery. . The example delineated in fig. 27 is very cylindrical, and * squared" at the twoen® the Keel being confined to the base, and appearing unusually thickened, while the shell is destitute of either external or internal tube. The orifice is provided with a circlet of tooth-like processes similar to those of the D entosolenian varieties figured by Prof. Reuss (Monogr. taf. i. figs. 1-12); but un characteristie seems to be rare in th I have noticed in which it occurs. It is not uncommon to find amon is furnished with two The organisms in which this is the case y examples which bear a close resemb i lance to that figured by Prof. Williamson (Monogt ۰ pl. i. figs. 19-21). er, WR] e forms from this sounding, as it is the only exampl f : g these structures examples in which the periti a supplemental ribs, which beeome incorporated. in the s . ary considerably in contour, sometimes Br a somewhat squared and entosolenian, while the same is observable on ectosolem? — e a Hon Fig. 28 is a somewhat flattened form, gently rounded at the base. The external m 2 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGEN E. 57 is short, bounded by the transparent “keel,” which extends about one third down the sides, where it disappears, and again becomes apparent round the extreme base in a very narrow ridge. Internal tube bent towards one side, and ending halfway down in a . trumpet mouth. Shell-walls smooth and semitransparent, the foramina being confined to the margins, where they cluster and form a wide band. In some of the entosolenian and marginate structures two wide supplemental “ plates ” are observable, one on each side of the circumambient keel, but confined to the base only. Fig. 29 is a very symmetrical bottle-shaped form, provided at the centre of the base with a small mucro. External neck wide and well developed, with a thick lip round the orifice, from either side of which arises the marginal border, and passes down to the base. Walls bulging, and coarsely granulated. Hue pale brownish-yellow. No in- ternal tube. £ , Figs. 30, 31, appear to be essentially the same as the form depicted by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (Monogr. pl. xvi. fig. 12). The walls are very glassy and smooth, and the peripheral margin translucent. In some examples the anterior portion is very pointed, but wide and rounded at the base, to which end the marginal keel is sometimes confined, while in others the shell becomes more oval, and the transparent border passes entirely round in a moderately wide and thickened band. In fig. 30 the shell becomes more lenticular, the flattened margin being well developed and very trenchant. The walls are sometimes considerably bulged, as is seen in the form delineated in fig. 31, which repre- sents a similar shell as seen from a three-quarter basal view. The internal tube is very variable. A remarkable modification is observable in fig. 32, the shell being compressed and the walls considerably bulged, while their exterior is covered with numerous short acicular spines; the external neck is very slender; and the periphery of the shell is encompassed by two narrow keels of transparent shell-substance. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. radiato-marginata, Parker and Rupert Jones. (Fig. 33.) ۱ Shell very compressed, entosolenian, encircled at the periphery by a thickened trans- parent rim. Shell-walls smooth, semitransparent, the pseudopodial passages taking an oblique radial direction. These canal-pores are more strongly developed in the form from the Australian coral reefs, depicted by Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones (Monogr. pl. xviii. fig. 3). LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. spinicosto-marginata, Nov. (Figs. 34-36.) Shell very closely resembling the preceding form in general outline ; but the walls are somewhat more bulging, and the pseudopodial canals pass directly from within outwards. The thick marginal rib is still present, and gives rise to from two to four blunt or acicular spines, which project from the basal portion of the shell In fig. 34 the spines are blunt and only two in number, projecting from the point of junction of the side walls VOL. XXX. I 58 MR. F, W. 0. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. and the base. The shell has a very short internal tube; and a few blunt bosses are irre. gularly disposed over the external walls. Some forms are provided with an additional pair of spines, which occupy the extreme base, and the knob-like protuberances are absent from the shell-walls. | In the lenticular form depicted in fig. 35 the spikes are still present; but the outlying - pair are removed a little higher up the sides, the intervening space between them being — occupied by a thin film of transparent shell-substance, which passes round the base. The internal tube is also deficient. Prof. Williamson has figured a young form from Shet- land (Monogr. p. 10, pl. i. fig. 214) the base of which is furnished with a row of about nine sharp, feeble spikes. In a more elongated and pyriform example represented in fig. 36 the periphery is encompassed by a narrow marginal border, which projects at the centre of the base into a two-pronged spike, one of which (perhaps originally both) bears at its apex a small a round knob. 1 LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. elypeato-marginata, Nov. (Fig. 37.) 1 Shell subovate, somewhat shield-like and compressed, very broad at the base, and d rapidly narrowing above, where it is produced into a tolerably long neck-tube, the walls ; : of which are very solid throughout, especially at the apex, thus giving more the appear. : ance of a straight canal than of a neck properly so called, which also passes into the a interior in a very short straight internal tube. From the middle of the base project two | spikes (one only being seen from each lateral aspect), which are sometimes very short ٠ and blunted. | : The periphery is encompassed by a wide marginal * outwork ” formed of three layers 3 of shell-substance, which are strengthened and united for a considerable distance by à transparent rim along their outer border, originating at the anterior end, and, passing. under the basal spike, overlap the base of the flask below the insertion of the spine. The two outer layers are tolerably regular in outline, and pass round the base in a gentle curve. The middle one, however, projects beyond these, and is extremely translucent T and irregularly serrated. The greater part, especially the anterior portion of this com- pound margin, is not so glassy, being more opaque, and having a somewhat ia appearance. The walls are smooth, transparent, and very finely foraminated. E The shell appears as though it were formed by the union of two shield-like valves—™ appearance which is the more noticeable from their each terminating in the long spine, and by the marginal lamellæ passing under instead of over each spike ; but this, though apparently, is not really the case. A 1 similar spike-li : lso in the form depicted in fig. 41. spike-like formation gente also b Lacuna : YN ۱ VULGARIS, Williamson, var, petasma-marginata, Nov. (Figs. 38, 39.) Shell ovate or globose,. with minuto granules. "Tho perishes u i itè external walls densely FE The periphery of the shell is encompassed by a wide MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENE. 59 layer of semiopaque shell-substance, which in fig. 38 is also finely granulated, though to a less degree than the shell-walls proper. ۱ In the lenticular form (fig. 38) the internal tube extends nearly to the bottom of the cavity, and passes out at its upper part, forming a short external canal embedded in the outlying film, and widens out at the aperture, where it becomes lipped. The marginal lamina appears to be double, being formed by two layers which are united like the mem- branes of a leaf, and passes down the upper part of the shell in a wide even band. In fig. 38 this regularity of outline suddenly ceases round the basal half of the periphery, the marginal layer becoming irregularly and deeply rowelled. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. bracteato-marginata, Nov. (Figs. 40, 41.) Shell subspherical, somewhat compressed, entosolenian, the tube passing to the ex- treme base of the cavity, where its free end becomes patulous. Anteriorly the tube passes out of the flask to a variable distance, resembling more a canal than an external neck, as it is still embedded in the shell-substance. Around the periphery project three or more wide lamelliform plates of great transparency, parallel to each other, though quite distinct, the middle one often being the most prominent. The marginal border of these layers is tolerably even at the apertural end of the shell; but it becomes very irregular round the basal half, where these filmy plates sometimes become so translucent that it is often diffieult to follow their outline, and to count with certainty the number of “ plates.” The lateral walls of the shell are also sometimes furnished with a greater or less number of trenchant riblets, as in fig. 40, where there are three on either side. In this form the walls are whitish, semitransparent, and coarsely foraminated, while others are more opaque, and of a light brown tint. ۱ Fig. 41 differs considerably from the preceding shell, being very smooth and glassy, while the walls are apparently imperforate. The marginal plates are about four in number, and are laid side by side more compactly than in the abové-mentioned examples, and pass round the periphery with more regularity and evenness throughout, the serrated portion being more regular, and confined to the extreme base, Around the margin of (and immediately on) the shell-wall is also an a becomes lost in the walls at the upper part; while at the extreme base, jects a thin pointed spine, similar to that observable in fig. 37. dditional narrow flattened ridge, which on each side, pro- LAGENA vULGARIS, Williamson, var. spinoso-marginata, Nov. (Figs. 42, 43.) Shell subglobular, lenticular, or ovoid, smooth, densely foraminated. External neck long, straight, and narrow, passing abruptly from the upper end of the structure, and patulous, lipped, and sometimes “scalloped” round its outer rim. The peripheral margin of the shell is ornamented with a wide single or double layer of shell-substance, which passes two thirds up the neck, and becomes incorporated in its walls. : In fig. 42 ‚this band is single, and of film-like transparency, and is strengthened by a series of long, slender, straight spines, which radiate from the cireumference of the shell, and form a ` single and parallel row round the flask. At the middle of the base these ۳ become : 60 MR. F. W. 0. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. rather longer and somewhat bent; and at the anterior extremity, near the point of insertion of the neck-tube, they are deficient, their place being supplied by long fils. mentous appearances, which are apparently minute canals. The walls in this specimen are very coarsely foraminated, and the tubular neck considerably elongated, being about _ once and a half the length of the ovoid portion. This tube still contains what is apparently the dried sarcode stolon of the once living Foraminifer. A form in all respects similar to fig. 42, but which, unfortunately, was accidentally broken, had an additional row of shorter spines around the periphery, but recurved, so as to forma | secondary circlet bent back over the margin of the shell proper. 2 The form delineated in fig. 42 is somewhat defective—the flask-walls being broken, and - the marginal film incomplete at the base. 3 In the more lenticular form (fig. 43) the shell-walls are more transparent, and finely - perforated, while the external neck is considerably shorter. The marginal border appears | to be composed of a double layer of shell-substance ; while on each side of this the spines - of fig. 42 are represented by a circlet of short, flat, triangular processes of a milky-white — hue, somewhat resembling a shark's teeth, and which project from the periphery of the 0 shell. Atthe centre of the base, below this outlying border, is visible a very minute - transparent spike. : LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. alato-marginata, Nov. (Fig. 44.) | Shell symmetrical, flask-shaped, occasionally somewhat elongated. Walls sparsely seattered over with small granules. External neck short, sometimes formed by the : gradual tapering of the shell-walls, or more abruptly inserted. Internal tube short. Sometimes the diameter of the flask is widest below the middle, or the walls become - more straight, while the base is gently rounded. The periphery of the shell is encom passed by a narrow thickened keel, which is sometimes transparent or somewhat granulated (fig. 44), and disappears about halfway up the neck. Along the sides of the neck appears a second pair of marginal outgrowths, which, originating at the summit 0i the neck, pass down its two sides over the before-mentioned keel, and terminate some what abruptly at some point along the anterior half of the shell. These wing-Likt P TS are crowded with small granules along their inner margin, their outer remaining of glassy transparency. | dn A ۱ LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. clavato-marginata, Nov. (Fig. 45.) ards both the Um ghtly bulged “ soda-wat er-bottle." Internal: Miey is o halfway down, and slightly widening towards its free énd whole she "a three transparent lamelliform <“ keels,” which encom ; ole shell, and terminate j , 7 وی‎ ust below the everted an. : -4dle one being largest, and Projecting furthest from the flask. apertural lip, the middle MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 61 The shell is further decorated by four longitudinal rows of blunt or rounded bosses, a few minute granules being also sparsely scattered over the otherwise smooth surface. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. pertuso-marginata, Nov. (Figs. 46, 47.) These elegant, symmetrical, flask-shaped structures are chiefly characterized by the perforation of their shell-walls, the external surface being covered with deep “ pittings,” in the hollow of each of which the pseudopodial orifices most probably open. In fig. 46, which appears to be a young shell, the pittings are smaller and the walls transparent ; while in the more opaque form, delineated in fig. 47, the perforations are larger, and are visible only partway up the neck, the upper half of which suddenly becomes imperforate and glassy. The anterior of these shells tapers more or less gradually into a well-developed external neck, the orifice of which, in fig. 46, is encircled by a patulous and lipped border. The periphery of the flask is encompassed by a marginal keel, which in fig. 46 is very narrow and translucent, passing completely round the base and up the sides of the neck; while in fig. 47 it presents a more plicated appearance and is more opaque, in addition to which it is absent at the extreme base, and also at the upper part of the neck. The base of this form (fig. 47) is provided with an exceedingly short basal tube of very narrow diameter, which projects into the shell. This would seem to indicate the existence of an orifice at the basal end also; and on subjecting it to a high magnification such appears to be the case. The tube, which measures about 4555 of an inch in length by 3000 ofan inch in diameter, communicates with the exterior of the shell by an orifice of equally small dimensions, but which does not project externally beyond the shell-wall. A basal tube in all respects similar to the above is also present in fig. 12. LAGENA vULGARIS, Williamson, yar. helophoro-marginata, Nov. (Fig. 48.) Shell subglobular, compressed ; walls thick, of a dirty white hue, widely curved at the base and anterior end, and covered with blunt rounded bosses. Internal tube flexuous, reaching almost to the bottom. Anteriorly this tube passes out into a short neck, the orifice of which is thickened by a “turned” rim. Around the periphery of the shell passes a narrow, trenchant, keel-like, transparent band, which extends along either side of the external neck-tube, enveloping it, and giving it the appearance rather of a straight tubular eanal than of a neck. At the base this projecting keel forms two transparent and blunt horns, between which is a third and smaller one. In external ornamentation this form bears a close resemblance to the Z. aspera and L. rudis of Reuss (Monogr. taf. vi. figs. 81, 82); but, unlike them, it is provided with the marginal keel and external neck-tube. LacENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. siliqua, Nov. (Fig. 49.) Among the innumerable protean forms which are found among these monothalamous organisms, one oceasionally meets with shells which depart so greatly from the true Lagena character, that it becomes a matter of some difficulty to determine whether they are true varietal forms or merely abnormal growths. The shell represented in fig. 49 is perhaps one of the most remarkable, differing con- 62 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. siderably from the ordinary Lagene, yet still presenting points of resemblance which are unmistakable. ao The general outline of the whole organism is somewhat spindle-shaped—being very long, and gently tapering towards either end, not unlike a pair-oared “ outrigger.” uc About the middle of the whole length of the structure is situated the central cavity, — which is small, ovate, and compressed, but slightly peaked at its basal end. From the - middle of the anterior portion of the flask extends a very long, slender, and straight tube, + which, passing through a second chamber, enters a long straight neck, the orifice of - which is surrounded by a coronal of short blunt denticulations. ur This second chamber laps round the anterior portion of the ovate central cavity in the | same axial line, its side walls being moderately straight, and its anterior inner wal | gently arched, though the outer ones taper into the long external neck. At both sides of the central cavity the walls of this chamber are continued, passing down in the fom - of a very narrow, blunt, angular ridge, which, encompassing the whole basal half of the. central cavity, project in one long flattened and tapering basal apophysis, the tremity of which is solid and slightly blunted. | On each lateral aspect of the shell are two remarkable lamelliform riblets, one either side, which, emerging from the shell-walls of the foremost cavity, pass down in very narrow ridge, and, extending round the base in two plate-like layers, reach f down the basal prolongation, where they gradually disappear in the more solid shell- substance. | e which is unique in my cabinet, unites in its structure the characteristics the marginate with those of the apiculate series, though the amount of apieulation 4 exaggerated beyond that of any shell I have seen in the latter group. its walls are semitransparent and smooth, and are perforated with rather coarse pseudo- i podial orifices. ; da DR abruptly into a long slender external neck. The shell-walls covered with thin spines, which are sometimes continued up the neck. In fig | bd and absent from the neck, which is inserted = ab ings . portion, and is ornamented throughout with a number ot p? i a REA occupy the entire neck from ition with the body to? P E. Pisos smaller and closer together towards the terminal aperture. M 2. appearance is also observable in Z. striata (fig. 18), though E S en and in the Oolina striatic llis- Ty . VY Amér. ۱ e ۲۰ 21, tab. 5. fig. 14). wollis:of D'Orbigny (Voy. Ww shaped forms en RUR dirty brownish white. Occasionally one meets with ! : densely covered with > - external ornamentation greatly modified (the surface : necting link bebiréen tho 1 oe protuberances), and which seem to fore ۰ pou x oh “VIGATE and AsPERÆ of Prof Reuss. These are 6997 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 63 the same as the fossil form depicted by that author (Monogr. taf. v. fig. 66) from the Septarian clay of Pietzpuhl, near Potsdam, and Which Prof. Reuss raised to the rank of a special genus under the name of L. oxystoma. These characteristics, however, are too variable to be of importance. LAGENA VULGARIS, var. squamosa, Williamson. (Fig. 51.) Shell subglobular or ovate, slightly compressed, somewhat prolonged anteriorly, at the centre of which is situated the aperture, Walls semiopaque and of a dirty white hue. Internal tube short. The external surface is ornamented with numerous large areolæ, arranged in longitudinal rows, each series of areolar spaces being so disposed that the transverse walls of each alternate with those on either side of it. In the form here depieted these depressions are very large and four-sided, their lateral diameter being generally greatest. These quadrilateral spaces, however, have a ten- . dency to become hexagonal, the shell being evidently a marginate variety of E. squamosa, var. scalariformis, of Prof. Williamson- (Monogr. p. 13, pl. i. fig. 30), though the lon- gitudinal ridges in the form here delineated (fig. 51) are almost straight instead of being zigzag, and are, together with the transverse ribs, very well developed and trenchant. The periphery of the shell is encompassed by a well-developed marginal keel. Dr. Macgillivray has noticed this compressed character in his Lagenula reticulata (* Molluseous Animals of Aberdeen,’ p. 28), which Prof. Williamson, however, considered to be merely adventitious; but the shell here depicted, the only reticulate form I have met with in this sounding, has this peculiarity very apparent; and I am therefore inclined to regard it as a normal variety of the Reticulate series, with which it forms an inter- mediate link. LAGENA vULGARIS, Williamson, var. ampulla-distoma, Nov. (Fig. 52.) This shell closely resembles some of the varieties of Z. globosa, having the shape of a distended globe, the walls, however, being roughened by exogenous shell-deposit. From the anterior of the shell there projects an internal straight tube, passing three fourths down the cavity, and terminating in a trumpet-shaped orifice; at the centre of the base, however, there projects a short external tube in the same axial line as the internal one. Owing to its roughened exterior, it cannot be classed among the smooth forms of L. distoma-polita of Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones; and therefore it must, for the present at any rate, be considered a separate variety, for which I propose the designation L. ampulla-distoma. : iis These distomatous organisms are connected with the smooth entosolenian varieties through the apiculate forms, to which they are closely allied, the base of the shell being more or less drawn out and perforated (see, for example, fig. 53). Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones have united these with the apiculate varieties under the names Z. apicu- lata, Reuss, and caudata, D’Orbigny (Monogr. p. 358); but as I have already adopted D'Orbigny's name caudata for the striated form depicted in fig. 22, which also in this respect resembles his Oolina caudata, 1 have united the organism depicted in fig. 53 64 MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENE. 3 with the variety L. distoma-polita, Parker and Rupert Jones, restricting the designation L. apiculata of Reuss to those structures which, though more or less produced and pointed at the base, are still unprovided with an aperture *. | LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. distoma-polita, Parker and Rupert Jones. (Figs.53-57.) This elongated distomatous variety, which is generally smooth, semitransparent, and finely foraminated, is subject to considerable modification of contour. Most commonly it is a slender fusiform shell, tapering towards each end to a narrow tube, one of which is sometimes prolonged into a well-formed neck, with a flattened rim encircling the aperture, the other tube, though occasionally long, not unfrequently being very short and undeveloped. In some forms (fig. 56) the greatest width is in the middle of the shell, where it becomes decidedly angular; and the axis of the shell in this particular form is slightly curved. Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones figure a somewhat similar example from the —— Red Sea and Australia, which, however, is perfectly straight (Monogr. pl. xiii. fig. 8). Sometimes the greatest diameter is removed nearer one end, and the shell becomes more or less amphora-shaped (Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones, Monogr. pl. xiii. fig. 21), several examples of which occur in these soundings; or the walls taper equally towards each end, both the necks being equal and very slender (fig. 55). An elongated smooth form is depicted in fig. 53, the anterior being provided witha — fissurine orifice, communicating with the interior through a straight internal tube, while | E 2g gradually tapers into a second narrow infundibular prolongation of considerable ength. | | A rather interesting modification of the distomatous series is observable in fig. 54 In this form the chambered portion, or shell proper, is more or less elongated, narrowing at either end, the upper part passing into a very long and neck-like extension, which in . | fig. 54 is almost as wide as the flask-shaped body. The lower end of the shell is also slightly drawn out, and furnished with a basal aperture, which in some forms is equal in — diameter to that at the opposite end, but in fig. 54 is much smaller. In the figure her — delineated this long tube appears broken; and in a somewhat similar structure in my cabinet, which is even more elongated, though the neck is slightly narrower in diameter, both ends seem to be defective, so that how far it extended when entire I am unable t0 say. Shell-walls smooth and semitransparent. _ | 1 ie = e we m is depicted in fig. 57. It consists of an extremely long, flasks ich ker dues f ... en ze N هت‎ 2 1 nen d = the base of a third in ‚the same axial line, the she : a RT ughout. The largest of these portions has the form of a 0 4 > Princated cone, tapering gradually towards one end almost to the extremity, the apex of which is situated a very small circular orifice. At the “basal” end of thus met with any striated distomatous forms in this sounding — organism, Succeeding forms of this series are arranged as subvarieties ves * MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 65 portion the shell-walls contract for a short distance, but soon bulge out again, and form a second flask, with the two bases in juxtaposition. "The body of this middle chamber is rather stunted, its strength having been apparently expended in the formation of a very disproportionately long neck, which again widens out into a symmetrical flask-shaped body, more ovate in form and somewhat wider in diameter than the preceding chamber, the anterior part being also produced into a short straight neck. The shell is unique in my collection, although I have met with a few forms which might possibly be fragments of similar organisms, and would seem to connect Lagena with Nodosarina. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. distoma-patera, Nov. (Fig. 58.) Shell somewhat goblet-shaped, with very bulging walls, slightly contracted round the top, where it terminates suddenly. Posteriorly the walls are well rounded ; and from the middle of the base projects an external tube of variable length and diameter. This tube is formed by the inflection of the shell-walls, and terminates very abruptly. The shell ‘is of a dirty white hue and very coarsely foraminated, the external walls also some- times becoming irregular with exogenous shell-deposit. The basal tube has evidently been slightly broken; whether this is the case with both ends I do not know; but I have met with many forms of this shell, and, though varying slightly in contour, they ail present very little difference from the example here delineated. In general outline this somewhat resembles the smooth form shown in fig. 54, the neck being deficient and the basal tube more perfect. LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. Janeta, Nov. (Figs. 59, 59a.) This shell is perhaps the most remarkable and interesting of all the distomatous forms, having a peculiarity of structure which is unexampled in any other of these microzoic forms. The shell-walls throughout are smooth and glassy, being also apparently imperforate. The anterior portion of the structure has the form of a very elegantly shaped flask, the base of which is rounded, and provided at its centre with a very small circular orifice. "This flask rests in, and opens into, a small * eup," which has a slight constriction round its walls, and is perforated at its posterior extremity. From the base of this eup the shell-walls form a long tube, which commences by turning suddenly to one side, out of the axial line, and, enveloping part of the side wall of the cup, makes the channel of communication only half the width it would otherwise have been. It then takes a downward. course, though still at a considerable angle, and, widening gradually as it inereases in length, terminates very abruptly, after having attained more than half the length of the entire structure. FÉ d Whether this is an adventitious or a normal growth, I leave for future investigations tosolve. For the present, at any rate, it must be enrolled as a distinct variety. Fig. 59a represents a sectional outline, showing more clearly the details of the Structure, LAGENA VULGARIS, Williamson, var. bicamerata, Nov. (Figs. 60-62.) Shell consisting of two chambers, the primordial one being more or less globular, and VOL. Xxx, K 66 MR. F. W. 0. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA, sometimes compressed. The second chamber encloses the anterior portion of the primor. dial one, into which the latter opens by a very “ sessile" and wide central aperture, This orifice, however, may be provided with a short-lipped neck. The second chamber is generally very large and flask-shaped or globose, the walls being sometimes very bulging . and produced at the anterior end into a long, central, more or less slender stolon tube, The aperture is sometimes dentate, or is encircled by a smooth lip, the outer margin of which is occasionally “ scalloped.” The form depicted in fig. 60 appears to be more allied to the marginate series, the primordial chamber being lenticular, compressed, and surrounded by a well-developed, thick marginal keel, terminating on each side of the aperture, which is central, * sessile,” and inside the second chamber. This second portion is also slightly compressed, embracing the primordial one at about its anterior fourth. In outline it is somewhat bottle. shaped, tapering forwards into a well-developed neck, which swells out slightly at the apex, where it is largely dentate. | | This chamber is somewhat bent out of the axial line, and is not unlike a champagne bottle—a simile which the dentate aperture rather strengthens. | Along the two sides of the neck also extends a transparent ridge, which, however, is more developed on one side than on the other, and is soon lost in the shell-walls, which — are semitransparent, white, and densely foraminated. These canal pores are differently disposed in the two chambers, those of the larger one passing directly from within out- - wards, while those of the primordial chamber take a radial direction, similar to the form depicted in fig. 33. e A double-chambered Lagena is represented in fig. 61, the primordial one of which is provided at its base with a small central mucro. The walls are finely foraminated ornamented with about fourteen delicate longitudinal riblets. A little above the mi ui it becomes enclosed by the second chamber, into which it opens through a stumpy ne i This portion of the structure is much larger, presenting the appearance of a very bı symmetrical, smooth flask, passing at the anterior end into a well-developed neck, ۳ in this example is somewhat broken. The walls of this flask are also finely perfor but, unlike the primordial chamber, are perfectly smooth and ribless. Fig. 62 closely resembles fig. 61 in ‘general outline—the upper flask, however, ٩ much more bulged, and the neck more fully developed and lipped at its terminatio i compressed, and encircled by a thick marge centre of the base. The inferior portion of t riblets, which are very rudimentary, and com however, is ornamented with about fourteen W ۰ - mu ex those of the larger chambe s ion, a few only (those occupying the central à Bs Y-W ) 2 dir 1 . . rds. The DI. Chamber appears broken "t passing directly from within outwa MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENE. 67 These double-chambered forms might possibly, at first sight, be regarded as be- longing rather to the Nodosarie than to the Lagene; but from a careful examination of the forms which have come under my own observation, I am inclined to consider them true varietal forms of Lagena. Dr. Wallich depicts an elongated and striated two-celled form (North Atlantic Sea- bed, pl. v. fig. 18; and Messrs. Parker and Rupert Jones, Monogr. pl. xviii. fig. 13), which may be regarded as either a two-chambered Lagena or Nodosaria scalaris, Batsch ; but the development of the upper chamber in the forms delineated in figs. 61 & 62, together with the several minor characteristics which they have in common with other Lagene, allies them more intimately with the former than with the Nodosarine series. INDEX TO THE PLATE. PLATE XIX. Fig. 1. Lagena vulgaris, Williamson, var. (Entosolenia) globosa, Montagu, x 200 diameters. Fig. 2. The same: shell which has apparently been broken and repaired, x 300 diam. Fig. 3. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. apiculata, Reuss, x 300 diam. Fig. 4. The same: shell provided at the base with a caudate appendage, x 200 diam. Fig. 5. The same: monster form, front view, showing elongated side-chamber, x 300 diam. Figs. 6, 7. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. fissurina, Reuss, x 300 diam. Fig. 8. The same, provided with an external neck, x 400 diam. Fig. 9. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. gothica, Nov., x 300 diam. Fig. 10. L. vulgaris, typica, Williamson, x 200 diam. Fig. 11. The same, x 400 diam. Fig. 12. The same: subglobular flask, provided with a minute internal basal tube, x 200 diam. Fig. 13. The same : flask-shaped form, furnished with a circlet of spines round the orifice, x 300 diam. Fig. 14. L. vulgaris, var. glacialis, Nov., x 200 diam. Fig. 15. L. vulgaris, var. semistriata, Williamson, x 140 diam. Fig. 16. L. vulgaris, var. striata, Montagu, x 400 diam. Fig. 17. The same, x 100 diam. Fig. 18. The same: globular form, furnished with a few transverse rings on the neck, x. 200 diam. Fig. 19. The same: entosolenian form, the riblets being reduced to about six, x 200 diam. Fig. 20. Ditto, ditto, the riblets projecting from the base, x 300 diam. Fig. 21. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. striato-areolata, Nov., x 100 diam. Fig. 21 a. The same: magnified portion of the base, showing the areole, x 200 diam. Fig. 22. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. caudata, D'Orbigny, x 100. Fig. 23, L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. desmophora, Nov., x 140. Fig. 24. The same, x 200 diam. Fig. 25. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. sulcata, Walker and Jacob, x 300. Fig. 26. The same: fragment, showing spiral ornamentation of the neck, x 200 diam. K 2 68 MR. F. W. 0. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA, Fig. 27. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. marginata, Montagu : subcylindrical form, showing dentate coronal round the orifice, x 300 diam. Fig. 28. The same: shell in which the foramina cluster round the margin in a wide band, x 300 diam, | Fig. 29. The same: symmetrical bottle-shaped form, marginal keel defective, x 200 diam. Fig. 30. The same: lenticular form, having the marginal border very wide, x 140 diam. - Fig. 31. Ditto, ditto, three-quarter basal view, x 140 diam. | Fig. 32. The same: shell bordered by a double marginal keel, walls covered with acicular spine, - x 140 diam. Fig. 33. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. radiato-marginata, Parker and Rupert Jones: shell in which the pseudopodial passages take an oblique direction, x 140. Fig. 34. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. spinicosto-marginata, Nov, : marginal border giving rise to spine towards the Hase, x 140 diam. | Fig. 35. The same, x 140 diam. Fig. 36. The same, x 300 diam. ; Fig. 37, L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. clypeato-marginata, Nov., x 200 diam. Fig. 38. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. petasma-marginata, Nov., x 140 diam. Fig. 39. The same: fragment of shell, x 50 diam. Fig. 40. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar, bracteato-marginata, Nov., x 200 diam. Fig. 41. The same, x 200 diam. Fig. 42. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. spinoso-marginata, Nov.: marginal layer strengthened by a row of thin spines, x 50 diam. . Fig. 43, The same : periphery surrounded by a row of triangular tooth-like processes, x 200 diam. . Fig. 44. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. alato-marginata, Nov.: marginal keel supplemented by a par of wing-like processes, x 200. Fig. 45. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. clavato-marginata, Nov.: periphery encompassed by à triple, keel, x 300 diam. Fig. 46. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. pertuso-marginata, Nov.: young shell, x 200 diam. Fig. 47. The same : older shell, furnished at the base with a minute internal tube, x 140 diam. | Fig. 48. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. helophoro-marginata, Nov.: marginate shell, covered with 4 round bosses, x 140 diam. 1 Fig. 49. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. siliqua, Nov., x 200 diam. ; Fig. 50. Z. vulgaris, Williamson, var. hispida, Reuss: subglobular form, the neck ornamented with à : number of rings, x 140. eo Fig. 51. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. squamosa, Williamson : shell-walls compressed, encompassed by* - peripheral keel, x 200 diam. L. VULGARIS, Williamson, var. DISTOMA, Parker and Rupert Jones. r Fig. 32. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. ampulla-distoma, Nov. : subglobular form, walls roughened by E M s exogenous deposit, and furnished at the base with a short external tube, x 120 diam. | E Fig. 53. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar, distoma-polita, Parker and Rupert Jones: entosolenian form a i with fissurine aperture, x 200 diam. r Fig. 94. The same : shell extending out into a very long and wide * neck," x 200 diam, Fig. 55. The same: elongated and slender spindle-shaped form, x 100 diam. " = MM : slightly angular form, bent out of the axial line, x 140 diam. ue . the same: elongated, three-chambered distomatous form, x 100 diam. mi Fig. 58. L. vulgaris, Williamson, subvar. distoma-patera, Nov.: shell somewhat goblet-shaped, vins E basal tube, x 200 diam. Fig. 59. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. “rating wit h long i ات‎ Janeta, Nov. : flask- ۳ th a long ‚tube, x 300 diam. s ov.: flask-shaped structure, communicating E MR. F. W. O. RYMER JONES ON SOME JAVAN DEEP-SEA LAGENA. 69 Fig. 59 a. The same: sectional outline of, x 300 diam. Fig. 60. L. vulgaris, Williamson, var. bicamerata, Nov.: somewhat compressed and marginate two-celled form, with oblique foramina in the primordial chamber, x 140. Fig.61. The same: two-chambered shell the lower end of which is covered with délicate riblets, x 140 diam. Fig. 62. The same: two-chambered shell, the upper chamber of which is ornamented with coste, which are also visible at the extreme base of the primordial chamber, x 140 diam. NOTE. The temperature of 47° F. at 1080 fathoms may seem somewhat higher than might be expected at that depth ; but this portion of the ocean is so enclosed by shoals and reefs, that the deeper and colder waters of the more open seas are in a great measure cut off; and consequently, though its depth is considerable, its temperature is much higher than at equal depths in the outer ocean. A similar contrast is observable between the tem- perature of the Sulu Sea and that of the China Sea, as shown by observations made by Commander Chimmo, the temperature in the former being as high as 50° F. at the depth of 1778 fathoms. Mos The thermometers used for these soundings were “ Johnson's patent metallic spring,’ placed in stout perforated gutta-percha cases. ae I9 -Soc Vou XXX Tap TRANS.LINN fiket III. On the Habits, Structure, and Relations of the Three-banded Armadillo (Tolypeutes conurus, Js. Geoff.). By Dr. James Muniz, F.L.S., F.G.S., ۰ (Plates XX.-XXVL) Read February 15th, 1872. CONTENTS. I. Introductory and Remarks concerning Habits. | VI. Myology. II. Measurements of the Body, Head, and Limbs. Muscles of the Hind Quarters. III. Body exteriorly. Spinal and Cranial Muscles. As in Motion and when rolled up. Muscles of the Fore Quarters. The Dermal Armour. VII. The Skeleton. Chambers for Limbs and Tail. Skull and Mandible. Tegumentary Aspect of Head and Feet. The Spine. IV. Apparatus for drawing the Body together. Sternum, Coste, and Pelvis. V. Visceral Organs. Pectoral and Pelvic Extremities. ` Contents of Abdomen ۰ VIII. Relations to Recent and Fossil Genera. Chest, Mouth, Larynx, &c. IX. Description of the Plates. Vessels, Brain, and Nerves. I. INTRODUCTORY AND REMARKS CONCERNING HABITS. ON the vast continent of South America, the present home of the Edentates or Bruta, now and again remains of colossal animals turn up, which, studied in the light of anatomy, reveal the existence of an ancient fauna typical of more recent forms. These old denizens of the tropical glade and plain, whilst foreshadowing the construetion now borne by their comparatively tiny heirs of the realm, yet, ancestral-like, possessed solid characters of their own. Such characters, though firmly impressed on their skeletons, are less conspicuous than the majestic magnitude of the animals themselves. To the travellers and naturalists who have exhumed, under difficulties, those heirlooms of past ages, all honour is due. No less creditable is it to paleontologists that they should press on through toil and moil revivifying to the wondering multitude snatches of that long vista of the cainozoic times. Here the labours of the zoologist and anatomist supply data from the present fauna which unfold the known and often explain the unknown. ‘Thus what may be supposed trivial details are afterwards frequently of the highest service in expounding abstruse points. Preceding writers have sufficiently called attention to the anatomical and paleeontolo- gical memoirs! on the Loricate section of the Edentata, in which the names of Cuvier, Owen, Rapp, Lund, and Burmeister take a first rank. The latter, as Director of the Museum at Buenos Ayres, has lately kindled afresh the interest concerning fossil Eden- . | As regards the history of the discovery and determination of the remains of the Hoplophorids, eonsult Part i. of Huxley’s paper “ On the Osteology of the genus Glyptodon” (Trans. Roy. Soc. 1865, p. 31). 12 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. tates, and in his series of splendid monographs has shed a halo of honour on the institu. tion with which he is connected. Long may this tried savant be spared to continue the good work ! | Live Armadillos are far from uncommon in the menageries of this country; never. theless few, if indeed any, of the three-banded species have hitherto been imported, except the subject of the present sketch. Its rarity is equalled by its being one of the most interesting forms of the group. Of the organization of the species, save carapace and skeleton, in part, there is, I believe, no published record. To make good this gapin " the literature of the Edentates is the object of the paper now laid before the Fellows of the Linnean Society. : | The animal, a full-grown male, was received by the Zoological Society, in exchange, March 4th, 1865; and it lived and was exhibited in the Regent's Park Gardens until June 8th 1866. For a considerable time it was kept in one of the monkey-cages along with some other species of the Armadillo tribe. This afforded a good opportunity for watching and comparing the habits of the different kinds. : .. The deportment of the commoner species, the Weasel-headed Armadillo (Dasypus sez- cinctus) and the Peba (Tatusia peba), is in many ways very different from the Mataco or Three-banded Armadillo ( Tolypeutes conurus). This contrast is the more marked, seeing that the bodies of the two former are (one would suppose from the number of their movable zones) better adapted for being coiled together than is that of the more rigid- shielded latter animal. Be this as it may, when in confinement the following peculi- arities are very evident. j The Peba and Encoubert are by no means sluggish animals, which their heavy and i squat figure seems to betoken. In the large cage they walk and amble about generally as : if intently tracking some faint scent or searching for earth-hidden edible treasure; hither " and thither they wander, earrying their head down-fixed and sniffing, their tail almost í Vj یا‎ REP NA Steal SE rsh SIUC RETTEN rS PE Sra M trailing on the ground behind, and their stout somewhat waddling body supported on ` the full length of the soles of their feet. a Not so Tolypeutes; for his is the active sprightly gait of a light-footed messenger, 1 spite of more solid cuirass. The body is more lofty and narrow; the legs longer, slenderer, = | and the fore ones with immense nails. The tail usually hangs perpendicularly, and dis- s tant from the ground, as is the head. But, strangest of all, he poises himself on tiptoe, T and, as if on hasty errand, trips trot, trot forwards and trot, trot backwards, ever speeding 7 in ceaseless journey. | ۱ MOI The commoner Armadillos seem heavier sleepers during the daytime than is the three, — banded species. The latter, as I shall more particularly describe, at such times 3 itself into a ball; the former bend themselves snugly together, but without assuming d — spherical figure. og . In the Gardens the same food was given to all—namely, bits of raw chopped Dr. > hard-boiled eggs, | and bread and milk. These they appear to relish and thrive ۰ partaking of food they employ the tongue much, which is rapidly protruded and ۳ drawn Anteater-fashion, but of ot course with nothing like the elongate thrust and sp?" recoil peculiar to Myrmecophaga. 2 if | DR J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 78 Lastly, I may incidentally recount a scene of drollery between the Armadillos and their mischievous companions the monkeys. Occasionally, and when in high spirits, the latter take to teasing the former. Watching the harmless and defenceless Dasypus issue from his sleeping-box, one monkey, more bold and fuller of fun than his brethren, would sud- denly catch hold of the Armadillo's tail and drag him backwards. With frantic glee and chattering, the monkey's companions join; and all who can lay hold, haul might and main, and tumble and toss about our scaled friend to their heart's delight, in spite of his scratchings and struggles. But once caught, again shy ; and a touch would send Arma- dillo bolt into his sleeping-berth, only to emerge thenceforth as dusk approached and the enemy retired to rest. With Tolypeutes such a game was not so easily played; the short tail, in his case, was tucked in; head and legs followed ; and there lay a solid ball, which they poked about rather suspiciously, and did not quite enjoy the long sharp claws, or were suddenly scared and fled as the sphere started to its feet and set off at a rapid run. In the subjoined footnote' I make some extracts from travellers who have witnessed the Armadillos and our species in their wild state. * A free translation from Azara runs thus:— The habitat of the Tatou Mataco [ Tolypeutes conurus] is southwards of the 36th degree. Itis the only species of this family that, when frightened, hides its head, tail, and fore legs by rolling its whole body into a ball, which cannot be opened with the hands ; but it is easily killed by striking it against the ground. It walks always with the body contracted, and more slowly than the other species. The fore and hind legs are weaker; and the claws are so little adapted to dig the earth, that I doubt if they are used for that purpose. It is fourteen inches long without the tail, which is two inches and two-thirds in length ; the root of it is not round, as in the other species, but flat, and covered with scales, shaped like large grains or projecting knobs. It has three dorsal bands, broad above and narrow at the ends. Its scales are irregular, rough, and of a dull leaden hue. It has five toes to the hind foot, and four to the front ones.— Apuntamientos, vol. ii. p. 161. In recounting faets concerning the Armadillos, it is said, “When hard pressed by the hunters they frequently contract and roll themselves down a precipice like a hedgehog, and usuälly escape without injury, being protected by their coat of mail; but they have not the same means of escape when they are found in the plains; they are then easily taken; and when they roll themselves up are compelled to resume their natural form by means of fire. The three-banded species run very fast in a straight line, being prevented by the conformation of the armour from making turns."— Hist. of Chili, translated by Abbé Don J. Ignatius Molina, Lond. 1809, vol. i. p. 253. Darwin, in his ‘Journal of the Voyage of the “Adventure” and “ Beagle,"' (vol. iii. p. 113) remarks :—“ Of Armadillos three species occur, namely the Dasypus [Euphractus] minutus or Pichy, the D. [E.] villosus or Peludo, and the Apar [Tolypeutes tricinctus?]. The first extends as far south as lat. 50°, which is about ten degrees further than any other kind. A fourth species, the Mulita [Tatusia hybrida ?] only extends as far south as the Sierra Ta- palguen, lat. 37° 20', which is north of Bahia Blanca. The four species have nearly similar habits; the Peludo, however, is nocturnal, while the others wander by day over the plains, feeding on beetles, larva, roots, and oven small snakes. The Apar, commonly called Mataco, is remarkable by having three movable bands, the "- of its tessellated corneous covering being nearly inflexible. It has the power of rolling itself into a perfect sphere, like one kind of English woodlouse. In this state it is safe from the attack of dogs ; for the dog not being able to take the whole into his mouth, tries to bite one side, and the ball slips away. The smooth hard covering of the Mataco offers & better defence than the sharp spines of the Hedgehog. The Pichy prefers a very dry soil; and the sand —_ near the coast, where for many months it can never taste water, are its favourite resort. In the course of A day's ride near Bahia Blanca several were generally met with. The instant one was perceived it was enn in nm to catch it, almost to tumble off one's horse; for if the soil was soft the animal burrowed so quay that its hind quarters had almost disappeared before one could alight. The Pichy likewise often tries to escape notice by squatting close to the ground.” VOL. XXX. L DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. II. TABLE or MEASUREMENTS OF THE BODY, HEAD, AND LIMBS. Body.—Total length from tip of nose to tip of tail in straight line . Vertical thickness (depth) opposite movable zones à Scapular shield.—Length along a curve in the middle line of ۳9 Length at lower edge from angle to angle . Distance between its anterior angles Distance between its posterior angles Three movable zones.— Length along the middle of back . Pelvie shield.—Length following curve in middle line of back Length along lower edge from angle to angle Distance between its anterior angles Distance between its posterior angles . و‎ Thoracic chamber.—(Fore limb) antero-posterior measurement. . (Fore limb) depth, taken from free edge of iis Mi shield Abdominal chamber.—(Hind limb) antero-posterior measurement . (Hind limb) depth . Isthmus separating the chambers for the fore xd hind limbs à Head.—Length from end of snout to occipital end of Sen ^ Length from snout to the inner canthus Length from snout to root of ear . Width at level of the ears Length of gape : Distance from end of snout | ما‎ vul of یت‎ Ear.—Long diameter Width Eye.— Length . à Tail.— Length from the hie edid of anus to € of tail Length of the free part Width at the root : Width nine tenths of an idi trol the apex Thickness (depth) at root . i Thiekness nine tenths of an inch from the apex Teats.—Two in number; each in length , ‘ Distance from end of sternum to line j joining a teats . Distance between the two . Distance from a line joining these 55 the root of n penis Penis.— Length à Bur. Diameter at root ae Diameter at end of prepuce ha. . Anus, —Distant sga the posterior margin of penis Diam ^ Fore limb. Cm poc frein axilla "i point of Jongest dee x Length from olecranon to root of carpus . Length from root of carpus to end of ae der (in a straight i in Greatest breadth of the palm . Claw of second toe, length in a viis lis. Claw of third toe, length in a straight line | DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 75 inches, Fore limb.—Claw of fourth toe, length in a straight line . . . . . . . . . . . 080 Hind limb.—Length from groin to extremity of longest toe, with limbs fully extended . 4°65 Length from knee to ankle. 202/40 01 2079 22.85 . 2:50 Length from extremity of heel to end of middle toe . . . . . . . +. TO Length from extremity of heel to end of inner toe . . . . . . . . 180 Length from extremity of heel to end of outer toe. . . . . . . . . 120 Greatest breadth of the sole of foot ۰ . . ربمم‎ +...» 0:60 III. DESCRIPTION oF THE Bopy EXTERIORLY. 1. Aspects when in motion, rolled up, and extended. . The attitude of the animal during life and when running about was such that the cephalie shield looked almost directed forwards ; and the dorsal line of the body formed a tolerably even curve from the one end to the other. The body was supported upon the tips of the great claws of the fore limb and upon the anterior callosities of the hind limb, the heel being raised. In this attitude it moved at a very rapid trot. Pl. XX. repre- sents the animal in the said act. The drawing, an accurate copy from a photograph, is very characteristic, although it is from the dead body, which I fixed in as life-like a posture as possible. The tail, in spite of its massive defensive armour almost indissolubly welded to the bones at its termination, is nevertheless provided with the same musculo-tendinous dis- tribution which obtains in such perfection in those mammals whose lengthened caudal appendage is an instrument empowered with movement in every direction. Lateral, and especially upward motion of the tail in Tolypeutes is necessarily of a limited kind, and lashing or eurling is per force checked; but, on the other hand, an almost hinge-like movement is attained in perfection. Usually the tail hangs nearly perpendicular to the end of the pelvie shield; but in the rolling-up action of the body the tail is flapped inwards, and lies flattened alongside the head upon the abdominal parietes. When the animal coiled itself up, the cephalic shield closed the anterior aperture of the scapular shield, the ears being folded up in the interval between the two. The posterior angles of the scapular shield, passing over the lateral scutes of the free zones, which closely overlap one another, fitted into the groove between the marginal scutes of the greater part of the pelvie shield and the ineurved lateral seutes of the anterior trans- Verse row of that shield. The extremity of the tail passed up on one side of the head, between the cephalie shield and the scapular shield; à small interval, however, by which the animal eould breathe, was left between the head and tail and the approximated edges of the scapular shields. In this position the legs were retracted into chambers, which . Vill afterwards be described. By extension 1 allude to the flaccid condition of the body When the spine is partially straightened the movable zones apart below. The head then hangs loosely forwards, the tail backwards, and the limbs drop, folded or partially so, Into their respective chambers (vide Pl. XXII.). 2. The Dermal Armour. The dermal armour is divisible into a cephalie shield, zones, pelvic shield, and the caudal armour. But there are no nuc scapular shield, three movable hal scutes, such as L2 EM E DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. exist in Dasypus sexcinctus: the integument of the back of the neck is quite soft and flexible, presenting only a few scattered longish hairs. Cephalic Shield. —This is ovoid in contour, the anterior end being pointed, and the .. posterior end narrow and rounded. Its length is three inches, and its greatest Width jg — 1:5 inch, the position of the greatest width being 2:3 inches from the anterior end, It consists of a series of principal marginal scutes and scales, enclosing a number of central scales, and flanked anteriorly by some lesser marginal scales. The principal margina] scales are twenty in number. There is one in the middle line behind and one in the middle line in front. The scales are in the main quadrilateral, the outer edges being straight; but there is a certain tendency to become pentagonal in front. The posterior nine are larger than the others, and their inner edges are obliquely bevelled off. The median scales are altogether ten in number; four succeed each other in the middle line, from before backwards, without interruption; and two similarly oceupy the anterior portion of the space between the prineipal marginal scales: but a pair of scales meet in the middle line between the first and last-mentioned series; and another pair of scales are placed between the third and fourth, counting from behind forwards, and the marginal scales. The hindermost median scale is rounded behind and at the sides, and has a straight anterior margin. The second is nearly square, inclining to be hexagonal. The third is nearly triangular, and the fourth lozenge-shaped. The surface of these median scales is much more distinctly granulated than that of the posterior marginal scales, The secondary lateral scutes are small, and skirt the anterior third of the lateral edges of the shield. There are five on the right side, and four on the left; they are longer than they are deep, and are moderately smooth on the surface. Scapular Shield. —The seapular shield has seven complete transverse rows of scutes, The first anterior row fringes the margins of the anterior aperture of the shield, which has the form of an arch 2:3 inches high and 1-8 wide. The second row from the front runê strictly parallel with the first, "The third row is parallel with the second. In the fourth row the middle plate is thrown a little backwards by the meeting of the next two plates in front by it; and the lateral portions of this fourth row are separated from the third at a the sides by the intercalation of four incomplete rows between the fourth and the third. | | The fifth row meets the fourth at the margin; but between the margin and centre there ۱ ' I find Burmeister has lation :—* Among the tru of the Panochthus by the leetion the vertical shield given a description of the cephalic shield of our species, of which the following ER e e Armadillos, the Mataco (Tolypeutes conurus)has the cephalie shield very similar io d : corresponding differences of the plates of which it is composed. In the Mataco a e is a prolonged oval, with an acute margin, black as far as that; and in front ths sides F p | ibis Las 1 of two large central symmetrieal plates at the top, one behind the other, and Eur Ri | continued by a pair of symmetrical Plates between the eyes, and, furthermore, four symmetrical ona adi . In the circumference of the central group there are nine plates, on each side s xi ٠ es have the margins acute and projecting. Besides there are five very diminutive In 1, 2 4 and four, a little larger, on each side anterior to the eyes forwards towards the mage niu Plates in the head. shicld, which is 23 inches long and 14 inch wide at its posterior part. ۰ Dasypus have a vertical Shield less regular and not so systematic in composition as the Bueno وم‎ di | i ibed.” —Anales del Museo Publico Aires, 1871, tom. ii. P. 117. Panochthus, which has been described.”—Anales DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 17 is an interealated incomplete row. The sixth row meets the fifth at the margin, but there is an intercalated incomplete row at the side. The seventh and hindermost row is parallel and contiguous with the sixth throughout. There are twenty-three scutes in the first, and twenty-nine in the seventh row. The seutes of the first row are granulated on the surface, with bevelled and acute free edges, and quadrate or pentagonal in contour. The other scutes are quadrate, penta- gonal, or hexagonal. Those of the seventh, in the middle line especially, are considerably longer than they are broad. | The edges of the scutes which form the lateral margin of the shield are straight and bevelled off, without projecting points. Here and there short hairs project from the hinder edges of the scutes ; but this is more especially at the sides, the hairs being very few and short or absent on the middle part of the shield. Movable Zones.—The scapular shield fits loosely from side to side, although its parts are firmly united together. It is connected by a fold of soft and flexible integu- ment with the anterior edge of the three movable zones; and these zones are similarly united with one another, and with the anterior margin of the pelvic shield. The folds of skin are so disposed that each movable part overlaps that which lies behind it. There are twenty-five scales in the first movable zone, and there are twenty- seven in each of the others. The middle scales in each row are oblong, and 0۰9 inch long by 05 inch wide. They diminish in length at the sides, and lessen in width. The two terminal ones differ from the others in being more nearly square, in having their posterior edges nearly free, and in being devoid of sculpture on their exterior. The lower scute of the second is almost triangular; and a flat brush of long hairs projects from the free margin of the integument beneath it; but these terminal scutes are not recurved or pointed. The total length of the middle scute of the anterior zone is 1:6 of an inch; and of this 0775 of an inch is covered by the scapular shield. Pelvic Shield.—The pelvic shield is shaped like a quarter of an egg, the small end being posterior. It is very convex from side to side, and also from before backwards in tho middle line of the back. It presents fifteen complete transverse rows of scutes, extending right across the shield from one margin to the other. These scutes are for the most part hexagonal and granular upon the surface. The marginal scutes have bevelled edges; but only a few of those of the hindermost row present any points. They are tuberculated on the surface, except those on the margin; and the tuberculation has often a rosette-like pattern. The fifteen rows of scutes are all parallel, and in contact with one another, except the middle portions of the fourteenth and fifteenth, between which is left a triangular space occupied by one central seute, surrounded by seven others. The number of scutes in the fifteenth row is about thirteen. In the most anterior row there are twenty-five scutes. The marginal scutes in this front row are bent-in differently from the others, and have a certain resemblance to the corresponding scutes in the free zones. The Tail.—The short tail is so broad and flattened at its base as to be almost triangular 78 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. in outline; it is also much flattened from above downwards at the base; but towards the extremity it is flattened in the reverse way, or from side to side. | The scales are arranged quincuncially rather than in regular zones. On the dorsal surface of the middle and basal parts of the tail there are coarse rounded tubercles, separated by widish intervals, while on the under surface and the extremity these are flattened and overlapping plates. A space on the middle and under surface of the tail, for a distance of 0:9 of an inch from the anus, is smooth and devoid of scales. At the root of the tail the scutes are so arranged as to form a kind of lateral ridges. : Numbers of Scutes.—On my examination of the carapace of Tolypeutes, in the first instance, I did not deem it of importance to count with precision the total number of scale-covered osseous pieces composing the cuirass. Subsequently, on studying Bur- meister’s masterly memoirs, I found he had computed the number of tesseræ associated in the coat of mail in some of the great fossil Glyptodonts. By this time I had cut up my three-banded Dasypode; and what with injury to the pieces, and inherent diffieulty of mastering count of the smaller units of dermal armour, what I here reckon must be taken as but an approximation pour servir. Thus on the cephalic shield 1 made out some thirty on the top, and twenty of unequal sizes round the edges, or about fifty in all; on the scapular shield at least 340, whereof seventy are marginal. On the — three movable zones the numbers already mentioned are equivalent to seventy-nine, — The pelvic shield contains close upon, if not somewhat more than 360 pieces, including those of the ischial arches. The tail, with great and small bony scutes, has no less than 130. In rough computation, then, the total number of segments or tesseræ would be 960, or possibly even between that and 1000. i 9. Special Receptacles for Limbs and Tail. Chamber for withdrawal of Fore Limbs.—The outer surface of the shoulder is perfectly free, and covered with integument bearing very long brown hairs as far as the spine of the scapula, and is only then reflected on to the inner side of the scapular shield. E chamber Is thus formed between the shoulder and pectoral shield, into which the fore — limb can be retracted. ۱ ی ا‎ ii behind by the integument which passes from the e att iud y: E — side ot the second free zone. As already mentioned, b vi it ey ts pe er is constituted by the integument of the shoulder, and 1s © ái Beso: dá es between two and three inches in length, which proceed from da مسا ها‎ — scales of 0۰16 magnitude. In this respect the inner wall BU rau See striking contrast to the outer wall, which is almost smooth. p : B e. ws scattered here and there until towards its convex part, where t ۷ horny plates of th in) horny plates, forming a kind of continuation i E ame © proper scapular shield (vide fig. 8). متفه‎ vieni M of the fore limbs and the thorax, the front part of and ts or logs di, and under surfaces of the hind limbs, are covered with Me | tinct scales. The root of the penis and circumference of anus, how ever, are almost Tugous integu E from these appendages; and upon the penis itself the loose ment is devoid of hair or scales. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. "TID Isthmus of Skinfolds.—That which in the table of measurements is spoken of as the isthmus, is a fold of integument which passes obliquely, like a kind of diaphragm, from the region of the penultimate and antepenultimate rib to the first, second, and third movable zones and the pelvie shield. This fold of integument forms the front wall of a chamber which reaches to the middle line of the back above, in the dorsal and lumbar regions, and to the summit of the ilium at the point of junction with the carapace. It is bounded behind by the junction of the ischium with an inward process of the pelvic shield; and by the last-named structures it is separated from the caudal chamber. . Chamber for withdrawal of Hind Limbs.—Just as the inner wall of the chamber for the anterior limb was formed for the shoulder, so this chamber for the posterior limb is bounded internally by the posterior wall of the thorax, the lateral walls of the abdomen, and the lateral walls of the pelvie region. "This inner boundary is not nearly so hairy as in the case of the anterior chamber, there being far fewer scales and only shorter and scantier hairs. The inner lining of the outer wall, formed by the integument of the pelvie shield, appears to be absolutely smooth, except towards the lower aperture of the chamber, where a few scales extend upwards in continuation of the pelvie shield. Tail-chamber.—Between the two last-mentioned chambers on each side there is a sort of chamber for the root of the tail, bounded at the sides by the integument covering the eonjoined ischii and process of pelvie shield, and above by the termination of the pelvie shield, which forms a kind of arch 1^3 wide. Longish hairs fringe the integument where it passes from the underside to the lateral boundaries of this chamber. 4. Tegumentary Aspect of Head and Feet. Skin of Head.—The integument of the head beneath the shield has no bony scutes under the eye or elsewhere. On the snout the hairs are short and scanty for the most part; but upon £he sides of the cheeks, lower jaw, and partly gular region, there is a great number of small bony plates, with thin convex borders, which project forwards ; and from these long brown hairs proceed. The extremity of the snout, between the nostrils, is smooth and bald. The nostrils themselves are completely terminal, and the septum narium is only 0۳۰07 at its narrowest. Each nostril is about 7 wide, and is almost divided into two passages by a fold of integument proceeding from the outer wall of the nose downwards and inwards. The Ear.—The concha of the ear is very remarkable, forming a kind of funnel, the margins of which naturally fold upon. themselves along a line directed from above . obliquely downwards and forwards. The concha thus comes to have an anterior lobe or division and a posterior lobe. The anterior lobe is not quite as broad as the posterior one when the two are folded together, the latter overlapping it by 07716. When the two lobes of the ear are completely spread out, it presents an oval expansion, the margin of which is slightly notched at the two lines of folding. The proper aperture of the meatus auditorius lies between the anterior and posterior folds, and is a narrow elongated slit about 0^2 in length. The posterior lip of this slit rises into an undulating ridge, Which is continued down to the lower margin of the posterior lobe. The anterior lip is pR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 80 similarly produced into à ridge, which eurves round the upper curvature of the latter, and dies away upon the posterior lobe at the base of a small elongated elevation, In front of this ridge, upon the lower half of the anterior lobe, there is a longitudinal ridge, and above it and disconnected from it on the same side, a smaller one. When the two lobes of the ear are folded together, the ridges which have been described interlock, The outer surface of the lobe is covered by numerous minute horny scales, which horny scales are continued all round the margins of both lobes, and on the inner surface of each lobe as far as the ridges, wliere they die away. From the outer surfaee of the posterior lobe these scales are far more scanty than from that of the anterior lobe, 4 fold of integument extends from the zygoma, just behind the eye, to the under surface of the anterior row of scapular scales, and connects the sides of the head and neck with the scapular shield. | Feet. The fore foot exhibits only three toes '. Of these three toes the innermost is the longest, irrespectively of the.claw; but the middle toe is by far the stoutest. "The middle and inner toes are connected together as far as the root of the claw by a web-like membrane, and the outer toe is similarly enclosed to the base of the claw. | The nails are all eonvex forwards on their dorsal surface, and deeply grooved on the palmar surface. | The innermost nail is not much curved; and its inner edge is thinner and more pro- . duced than its outer edge. Its end is obtusely pointed. The middle nail is very strong, and greatly curved backwards; it is thick upon the inner side, thin and produced on its outer edge, and truncated at the extremity. The outermost nail, the smallest of all, is nearly straight. It is thieker on the inner edge, produced and thinner on the outer edge, and sharply pointed at its extremity. y There is this peculiarity to be noted, that in the fore limb the longitudinal axes of the second and fourth digits, if produced, are the axis of the claws of those digits; but that — is not the case with the axis of the middle digit, which is only coincident with thatof — the basal half of the claw, the distal half having a gentle twist outwards. ۱ The scales which have been mentioned as covering especially the fore and inner fe | of ihe fore limb beeome particularly large upon the dorsal surface of the manus, and the — - which proceed from their inner edges are very long. Three such scales lie onthe . inner side of the innermost digit; but there is no trace externally of a pollex or of the o cum vocan surface is covered by a bald and wrinkled integument, on which ۲ si E c PM different from the fore limb. It presents three a : 1 | vim et : : of the middle digit being broadest and most convex feu ی‎ jw adi b a and pointed nails correspond to the hallux and "- oiii ei x of the sole of the foot corresponding with the undersurface O een ۱ orms a broad callous cushion, on which the weight of the body VT Gray observes :—< The Mr. Bartlett and Dr. Peters, has to be the normal number, In specimen living in the Gardens of the Zoological Society, I have been informei : only three front claws. All those in the British Museum have four, which other respects the animals are similar.”—P. Z. S. 1865, p. 381. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 81 evidently supported during life. A deep fold, occupied by wrinkled integument, sepa- rates it from the hinder division of the foot, which bears the two lateral digits. Each of these lateral digits sends in a little rounded cushion directed downwards and inwards, and which probably contributed its share in supporting the body, while the rest of the sole of the foot, as far as the heel, has a thin wrinkled integument. Seales, with subjacent pencils of long hairs, extend over the dorsum and sides of the foot, as they do over corresponding regions of the manus. IV. APPARATUS FOR DRAWING THE DODY ETC. TOGETHER. Muscles of Carapace and subjacent Layer. Protractor of the Scapular Shield. —There is a broad muscle which extends from the posterior part of the zygoma and meatus auditorius (outwards and backwards when the head is protruded) to the inner surface of the second row of scutes in the pectoral shield, and spreads out over the anterior fifth and lateral part of the shield. Contractor of the Scapular and Pelvie Shields.—The rest of the inner surface of each half of the pectoral shield is oceupied by the broad and sheet-like anterior attachment of a digastric muscle. The posterior fleshy fibres of this muscle are similarly attached by a ‚broad expansion to the inner surface of each lateral half of the pelvic shield. The two portions are connected beneath the movable zonés by a flat silvery tendon, the fibres of which eross each other, the deeper ones passing in front and to the outside, backwards and inwards, while the superficial fibres take a course from the front and inside back- wards and outwards. A broad aponeurotic membrane extends from the region of the hindermost ribs to the front edge of the pelvic shield and the outer edge of this mem- brane, which forms the basis of the partition between the anterior and posterior limb- chambers, and plays the part of a sort of pulley. * 1 may further remark that the numerous slips which ascend from the contractor in the six-banded Armadillo, reduced to three in Tolypeutes, are in the latter partially separate from the great fore-and-aft plane of muscles (vide figs. 7 & 8). Protractor of the First movable Zone.—A muscle arises from the edge of the anterior movable zone (its third outer scute), near the middle line, and is inserted into the anterior part of the spine of the scapula. The action of this muscle is to pull the scapula backwards; or, if the scapula is fixed, its fibres draw the anterior movable zone forwards. Retractor of Scapular Shield.—There is a small thin sheet of muscle proceeding from the vertebral angle (antero-superior) of the scapula ; and passing forwards and upwards, it is inserted into the front part of the pectoral shield at about the middle line. These two last-mentioned muscles are both unrollers of the carapace, and they are retractors of the shield when the limb is fixed. Panniculus Carnosus.—This is but feebly developed, and forms a layer quite beneath the preceding. It is, as usual, a broad sheet of fibres; but the fleshy constituents are very scanty, giving it more the appearance of superficial fascia, or loose fibrous tunic, than of a true muscular envelope. It is attached towards the middle line of the back VOL. XXX. x 82 from about opposite the last two ribs, and extends to the lumbar fascia and the anterior crest of the ilium by a very delicate web of areolar tissue intermixed with tendinons fascia. This spreads out in a fan-like manner, the posterior insertion being the anterior surface of the hind limb as low down as the knee, reaching inwards, and being united with the inner edge of the flexors of the back of the leg. The anterior and abdominal insertions of the panniculus are lost in the superficial fascia and skin covering the axilla and median line of the abdomen. The weak condition of this muscle, as also its attachments, tends to show that it entes — little into the rolling-up action of the body and carapace. It rather seems to be relaxed ۱ aud loose while the limbs are being drawn towards each other as they are retracted into their respective chambers. | The foregoing muscles, besides their interest as appurtenances to the mechanism whereby movement of the one portion of the carapace towards the other is effected, possess an additional interest homologically. Before collating argument thereon, I shall advert to the researches of the Italian, Prof. Alessandrini’, as showing that in — species of Dasypus, which have less power of rolling and unrolling themselves than " Tolypeutes, carapace-muscles similar in kind obtain. Cuvier’, in D. cinctus, has more i partieularly illustrated the subjacent sheet, or what more commonly goes by the name of _ pannieulus carnosus. In Chlamydophorus truncatus, Hyrtl* fully notices the distribu.. tion of the latter, and expresses absence of the shield-contractor, so conspicuous in other genera of the loricate Dasypodes. 1 By way of comparison I select the Apteryx and the Hedgehog, for these reasons, that they equally have marked and well-defined cutaneous muscles, and that Owen and Cuvier's terms are distinct, though evidently applied to homologous structures in the classes Aves and Mammalia. ax In the Apteryx* our English anatomist defines :—1, a constrictor colli, situate at the upper back part of neck, with chiefly transverse fibres; 2, sterno-cervicalis, enclasping DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 1 * Structura integumentorum Armadilli," in Nov. Comm. Acad. Bonon. 1849. I would, however, more partieularly refer to his monograph in the Mem, Accad. d. Sci. Bologna, tom. vii. 1856, * Cenni sull’ Anatomia del Dasipo mi- nimo, Desmarest, Dasypus sexcinctus et octodecimcinctus, Linn.” In this, tab. 13. fig. 1, he demonstrates the inner muscular layer of the dorso-lumbar scutes with its offshoots to the movable zones. I append part of his nia of the same, inverting the order of his two paragraphs, that the main muscle (= the bellies of my contractor of the 1 scapular and pelvic shields) may take precedence, d d dee che, foro Ia regione dorsale, attraversa tutte le zone mobili, ed in parte ancora le vidas " ax dd. . PER e posteriore, Sul quali anzi fissandosi, può condurre ora anteriormente ora posteriormente. $3 | 7 M ancora la flessione laterale del tronco. e, J 9, h, i, k, sei striscie muscolari, che nu Wn E aversano lo spazio, chiuso da integumenti molli, interposto alle singole zone mobili, manifestamente E destinate alla : | : ها‎ alla adduzione delle zone stesse, Le Quattro striscie anteriori hanno la medesima estensione, ma le due pos- ; Sono più brevi.”— 7, e, p. 329. m lling up the body, refers to the observations of the Prince Maximilian von Neuwied, ‘Bale > vol. ii. p. 934, as somewhat opposed to Alessandrini's inferences. I. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 83 the lower nuchal region; 3, sterno-maxillaris, almost like an anterior continuation of the last mentioned ; 4, dermo-transversalis, oblique upper postnuchal fibres; 5, platysma myoides, with a gular distribution; 6, dermo-spinalis, from the three foremost dorsal spines to the scapular region; 7, dermo-iliacus, between iliac and scapular regions. 8, dermo-costalis, joins the preceding, and comes from the seventh and eighth costal appendages ; 9, dermo-ulnaris, from the last to back of elbow-joint ; 10, dermo-humeralis, abdomen to humerus. Cuvier's lettering and nomenclature! of the skin-muscles of mammalia runs:— 1, fronto-occipital (occipito-frontien) ; 1a, sourciliers (fronto-sourciliers) ; 2, facien ; 3, cer- vico-facien; 3a, dorso-occipitien; 4, thoraco-facien ; 5, dermo-humérien ; 5a, portion scapulaire; 5b, portion dorsale; 5e, portion latérale; 5d, portion ventrale; 5e, der- mo-coceygien. Excepting 3a, muscules or muscular slips corresponding to the abov are shown in his dissection of Hrinaceus (Myologie, pls. Ixxiv. and Ixxv.). The names of themselves sufficiently denote their situation. I may as well note that in the same savant's drawings of Dasypus sexcinctus (l.c. pl. celix.) nos. 3a, 4, 5, and de, are lettered accordingly. Having in view, then, the determination of what cutaneous muscles obtain in the Three-banded Armadillo, as indicated by those of the struthious bird and the Insectivore, I think we may correlate what has been denominated protractor of the scapular shield with Cuvier's facien, cervico-facien, and thoraco-facien divisions, and partially with the so-called sterno-cervicalis and sterno-maxillaris of Apteryx. The protractor of the first movable zone appears to be homologous with the dermo-transversalis and dermo-spinalis in the bird, and with the scapulaire portion of the dermo-humérien in the mammal; it agrees also with Cuvier's * acromio-maxillaire."? In the same way the retractor of the scapular shield in Tolypeutes most nearly corresponds with “la portion dorsale du dermo- humérien," though evidently also combining regionally and functionally the avine and mammalian slips named in the preceding sentence. After what has been said, there is a difficulty in ascribing the preeise counterparts of the digitations to the movable zon es though these may bear a relation to exuberant quill-slips—to Owen's dermo-costalis, or offshoots of Cuvier's p. latérale ; at all events the zonal digitations (“ striscie muscolari ” of Alessandrini) in Dasypus sexcinctus are the counterpart of the fascicles in Tolypeutes. With regard to the contractor of the scapulo-pelvie shields, it undoubtedly coincides, in its action, situation, and true homology, with the orbieular muscle of some authors in the Hedgehog, with Cuvier's main * portion latérale des muscles peauciers " in the same animal; and it moreover may inelude or be bound up with his *' dermo-coccygien.” In some respects it answers to Owen's ** dermo-iliacus ” in the Apteryx, the dermo-costalis being related thereto. Respecting the deeper envelope of feeble pannieulus carnosus in the Mataco, its throat-area, the strips to the fore limbs, the belly part, and that to the groins agree in most partieulars with what, in the struthious form, is specified as platysma myoides, constrietor colli, dermo-ulnaris, and dermo-humeralis; it Em pertains distinctly to the “portion ventrale, latérale, dermo-humérien, thoraco-facien, de. in the Insectivore. ۱ « Myologie,' and * Leçons, 2nd ed. tom. iii. p. 594. * Legons, iii. p. ea 84 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO, The hinge of generalization unfolding the homologies and significance of this pseudo. complex system of cutaneous muscles, I believe, turns on the fact that the whole belongs to a single or partially double fleshy envelope, the panniculus carnosus. In some caseg this is most expansively distributed, in others reduced to a minimum. In One group of vertebrates a limited portion alone may be well developed, which Portion, on the con. trary, is feebly represented, but not utterly absent, in another series of forms. (eq. sionally the fleshy fibres are very thick within a circumscribed area, and serve a special purpose in the animal’s economy. Again, even when moderate in quantity, a set of fibres, by attachment or otherwise, may acquire prominence, and receive a name accord. ingly. Equally in Mammalia, Aves, and some Reptilia, superficial fasciculi, few or numerous, emerge from the main mass, and act separately or in combination with the diffused sheet, as erectors dic. of the tegumentary coverings and appendages, On the other hand, deep-placed bundles, sparse or abundant, interblend with the subjacent muscles and fasciæ of the head, body, and limbs. Although generally recognized, and differently named, from position, course of the fibres, or functional aptitude, the so-called individual muscles of this harmonious fleshy cutaneous tunic thoroughly deeussate the one with the other. In this respect, therefore, the whole may appropriately be considered in unity ; for it is only very exceptionally that belly and tendon are present, or clear lines of demarcation other than devious direction of fibres obtain. It is foreign to the pur- port of the present paper to support the foregoing broad assertion by amplitude of proof, The subject of itself is most interesting in a variety of ways; and towards its elucidation I trust ere long I shall find an opportunity of throwing together my notes and reflections thereon in the form of a separate paper. In the present instance of Tolypeutes I have distinguished by names afresh, as applied to their actions, the several muscular slips of shields and zones, desiring thereby to accentuate their uses rather than suppress them in a homological cloak, ۱ V. THE VISCERA. l. Contents of the Abdomen. Relative Position of the Abdominal Viscera.—The unusually large liyer occupies the left as well as the ri the stomach. The cardiac end of the stomach occupies comparatively a small space behind the liver; and between the greater curvature of the stomach and the enlarged left kidney is the spleen, consisting of three lobes, viz, a short curved lobe, turned towards the dorsal side, ckwards, forming a distinct omental pouch or sac. ght hypochondrium ; and its left lobe also lies completely in front of ; er lobe, placed posteriorly, The lesser omentum, which 2 ardiac end of the stomach, passes from the middle of ی‎ ‚and leaves the extremities of the lobes free. Te ۹ o lesser, and passes off from the greater curvature E stomach its whole length. Its f : Sr ib : : ront la i he duodenum, alt — . then is reflected M Ld ond bs yer 18 continued back on to the : | DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 85 foramen of Winslow is of a moderate size, and lies between the duodenum and the free inner margin of the right half of the liver. These parts, the left lobe of the liver, the stomach, the spleen, the left kidney, and part of the intestines, occupy the whole of the left half of the abdominal cavity. The right half of the cavity contains, in front, the middle lobe of the liver, and, behind, the chief portion of the convolutions of the intestines, and deeper the right and caudate lobes of the liver, with the right kidney. As soon as the cesophagus has passed through the diaphragmatic aperture and entered the abdominal cavity, it receives an investment of peritoneum. This, the gastro-hepatic omentum &c., is adherent to the cesophagus and cardiac end of stomach ; and its layers, uniting on the opposite side, form a sort of of mesogastrium, which fixes the lower end of the esophagus and cardiac end of stomach to the spine. The stomach itself I shall further make allusion to, but here note that the duodenum passes at once to the right side of the spine, and then turns backwards alongside of the vertebral column. It then goes to the upper and posterior part of the brim of the pelvis, and is there fixed by peritonseum. Transferring our description of the visceral attach- ments to the rectum, I may observe that this is very wide. It passes up the middle line of the vertebral column as far as the pylorie end of the stomach, where, becoming a truly large intestine, it makes a loop, passes over to the right side of the spine, and bends back to near the level of the upper end of the right kidney. It then is flexed upon itself forwards, and, suddenly narrowing, passes into small intestine without forming a diver- ticular cecum. The part of it which arches across, obviously corresponds to the trans- verse colon, and is bound to the vertebral column by a comparatively small mesocolon. The mesocolon is continuous backwards with the mesentery, which extends as far as the brim of the pelvis. The mesentery stretches to the right side of the body; and to the greater part of its broad plaited margin the several coils of the small intestine are fastened. The last one and a half inch of the great intestine is, properly speaking, con- tained in the commencement of the mesentery. To a most serviceable description and figures of the viscera separately, Alessandrini! has superadded a ventral view of the opened body, with organs in situ of an adult male D. sexcinctus, and of a full-grown 9 foetus of D. 9-cinctus. In both the exposed portion of the liver is much greater than in the present (fig. 10, Pl. XXIII.), and, on the con- trary, the stomach and greater intestine occupy a less prominent position. "The said relative disposition does not altogether agree with what I have met with in dissections of the same species; albeit in them the great breadth and fulness of the anterior mass of the liver is considerable. Hyrtl’s figure? of the eviscerated parts of Chlamydophorus supports in resemblances Alessandrini's delineations. Stomach, Intestines, &c.—The gastric organ is pear-shaped, the elongate pylorie extremity narrowing into the duodenum. The cardiac end is somewhat dilated; and the gullet enters about the middle of the viscus. The rough measurements of the stomach, when distended, are 14 in short, and 21 inches in long diameter. The wall of ' Memoir, 1856, already referred to, pl. xii. & pl. xvii. fig. 2. * Tab. v. fig. 1 of his Monograph, p. 45. 86 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. the cardiac division is thin, that of the pyloric end thicker. The inner coat of the former is almost wanting in permanent ruge superiorly, but inferiorly and in the pylorie end they are well marked, though not very numerous. Some three or four narrow, forked, but sweeping folds exist within thé surface of the lesser curvature and right moiety of the posterior wall, reaching from the cesophageal aperture towards the pylorus, Several others of a similar kind well nigh at right angles to the former, floor the great eurya. ture. The thickening of the pyloric parietes is due to increase of the submucous and muscular coats, besides the additional free mucous folds. To the naked eye the mucous membrane appears almost smooth ; but with a hand-lens many apertures of gastric glands are visible; and between the latter the character is finely villous. The small intestines are 52 inches long, and with a nearly uniform diameter of about 1 of an inch thoughout. A fair-sized Peyer's patch lies within a $ of an inch of the pylorus; and others are met with at wide intervals. Valvulze conniventes are wanting, A nipple-like process, 1 inch from the pyloric ring, marks the aperture of the pancreatic and common bile-duct. There is no cecal diverticulum, nor ileo-czecal valve. The divi. sion between ileum and colon is indicated by an enlargement of the latter. Near its commencement, where widest, this simple colon is no more than an inch in diameter; and it narrows steadily for a distance of 5 inches or more, the last 3 inches (or what corresponds to rectum) again widening. The entire length of the great gut is 93 inches. In the stomach being less round, the csophagus more to the right, absence of pyloric division, no valvular protuberance (although the pylorus is thick, and orifice narrow), Tolypeutes coincides with the six-banded species of Dasypus and Ohlamy- dophorus, and not with the Peba (Tatusia). But in deficiency of a pair of short cecal appendages it agrees with the latter, and differs from the two former”. Again, the gut is altogether very much shorter than in either genera compared. | The thick bifid spleen, with free limbs of unequal length, is firmly adherent, by a short gastro-splenic omentum, to the lower left end of the stomach. It is less than a couple of inches in extreme length. Owen? mentions that this organ is broader and flatter in a sexcinctus than in D. (Tatusia) peba; and in the former he observed that “a small - ed o was lodged in the head of the pancreas.” In my own disseetions The Ped e I difference of size, no variation obtained from Tolypeutes. | Bee EL ckish, but flat, nodulated, and 14 in. in diameter. } e vc n is 1 m Un the most common size and shape resembling a Sp ña Liver .— This bo dis je de aggregated in a semicontinuous mass. d of the left hypochon pa E Psy 18 ec enormous volume, occupying, as said, we right kidney. The e ig the right side descending as far as the summit 0 jd which the right is fall n Agament divides the liver into right and left moi y as big as the left, viz. as 3 to 2. The left moiety is divided by? - fig.1; Alessandrini, en An 080. 100 Pp. 143-155; Rapp, ‘Die Edentaten, 2nd ed. p. 76 &e., tab. s : " , 295, pl. xvi, figs, 5-7, and pl. xvii. fig. 3 &c.; Hyrtl, L e. p. 47, pls. Y» x DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 87 deep fissure, extending from the front surface of the liver obliquely inwards and back- wards to near the middle of its posterior surface, into two lobes, an inner and an outer (4 and 5, fig. 11), of which the inner is by far the smaller. The right moiety is divided by two externally deep fissures, which extend from the convex anterior and outer surface of the liver nearly to its posterior face, into three lobes—an anterior, a middle, and a posterior (3, 2, 1, fig. 11). The anterior of these is the smallest; and its convex anterior face is marked by a deep groove, which extends towards the middle line, and ends towards the faleiform ligament. The under surface of this lobe carries the gall-bladder, which is elongated, straight, and fusiform, and half sunk in a deep fossa. On the left this lobe is bounded by the median fissure, posteriorly by the transverse fissure, into which the vessels enter as usual. "The space or region of the under surface of this lobe, between the gall-bladder and median fissure, answers to the lobus quadratus. The part which might be regarded as the lobus Spigelii is prolonged backwards, and passes into the other two divisions of the right moiety of the liver. "The posterior surface of the second of these (1, fig. 11) is coneave, and exactly receives the convexity of the kidney. After having been thoroughly soaked in spirits, and therefore much contracted, I noted that the left lobe (No. 5) measured 2 inches by 14 across. No.4 was less, and No. 3 above an inch in diameter. Nos. 2 and 1 were each about a couple of inches long and from 1 to 13 inch at widest. The right coronary ligament is connected with the posterior superior angle of this division, and passes thence to the spine, and is continued upwards by the side of the spine to the diaphragm. _ The free edge of the falciform ligament extends from the notch which divides the right and left halves of the organ to the under surface of the xiphoid process. The ligament itself passes back along the under surface of the diaphragm on the one hand and the front surface of the liver on the other, to the place of reflection of the coronary ligaments. The left coronary ligament takes its origin opposite to the last rib, and is continued thence, presenting a free margin backwards to the left lobe of the liver, to which it is attached, about three tenths of an inch from its free margin. In species examined by myself—among others the Weasel-headed Armadillo, .D. 6- cinctus (=D. encoubert)', the Peludo or the Hairy Armadillo, Euphractus villosus, the Pichy or Little Armadillo, Zuphractus (= Dasypus) minutus, and Cachiame, D. (Tatusia) peba—the liver is essentially identical with that of Tolypeutes in the number and general disposition of the lobes &c. But there is this difference, that the latter peculiar genus has a larger mass on the right side drawn out posteriorly and covered by»gut—a condition or variation, possibly an adjustment, reconcilable with its remarkable power of body-flexion. The Pichiciago (Chlamydophorus) has a liver, in divisions and general figure, most nearly agreeing with the commoner Armadillos than with the Mataco. Kidneys.—The situation of these has been incidentally mentioned in the relative position of the viscera. The left one had such a remarkably rotund appearance, and so 1 See Alessandrini, 1. c. fig. 6, tab. 14 &c.; likewise Cuvier's remarks, * Leçons, tom. iv. pt. ii. p. 460. 88 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. filled the deep lumbar cavity, that at first sight I was inclined to regard it as a great tumour, which further examination and its structure quickly dispelled. It was 1:35 inch long and 111 inch thick. The dimensions of the right renal organ were somewhat under this, and it reached a trifle further backwards, the area in advance being partially occu. pied by the middle, right, and caudate lobes of the liver. The capsule of the kidney is strong, and in this case was very firmly bound to the lumbar peritonzeum, and with little or no fatty envelope. In a transverse section displaying the sinus &c., the infundibula are seen to be few but deep. | Alessandrini affirms he found traces of lobulation in the kidneys of foetal Armadilloes, instaneing D. novemcinctus ! (Tatusia peba?). In the numerous examples of the group examined by myself, adolescent or adult, the surface has been smooth and without indi- cation of lobular sulci. In all, the shape and position is similar to the above, any differ- ence rather depending on the configuration of the bones and fleshy bed than in the glands themselves. Each suprarenal body caps the rotund kidney, and thence lies close and firmly against the side of the spine. Its figure is trihedral, 3 an inch in diameter and flattish. Genitalia.—In the Armadilloes the male intromittent organ is long, but in Tolypeutes inordinately so. In the flaceid condition it is more than one-third the entire length of the animal (vide table of measurements, anted p. 74) ; consequently, when erect, it must exceed this. Such great antediluvian Loricate forms as the Glyptodons (Hoplophorus, Panochthus, &c.) must needs, therefore, have been provided with amazing genitalia. Did the same proportion obtain, say, in Cetacea, which also have a conical penis; then in the larger species this organ would attain a magnitude of between 20 and 30 feet—a thing monstrous and absurd. Owen? suggests of the penis of the Armadillo, that it “has a disproportionate length in relation to the mechanical obstacles to coition presented by the body-armour." Tolypeutes, in the construction of its generative parts, accords with the living genera Dasypus and Tatusia. There are a pair of Cowperian glands, in shape and size like small flattened French beans; and their ducts open in the floor at the fore part of the bulbous portion of the urethra. The prostate gland has a long diameter of about 2 of an inch, with breadth and thickness in proportion. Its figure is somewhat quadran- codi T this case with the left upper border defective and eccentric. The con- > buscó wan be nis was more pyriform than in the dilated oval figure of that lbi. ^ d y > essor Alessandrini. I did not observe that medio-antenor BO: toll eid me ms to by Owen in D. 6-cinctus*, The urethral bulb 18 نس‎ ot is i sh, the crura immensely strong for such a small animal. Tie ng retractores of the penis, the bulbo- and the ischio-cavernosus muscles, ale P well developed. Posteriorly the corpus spongiosum is of la lib d diminishes by degrees forwards, terminatin thinly at th $ : ee pie f con- siderable size, as in the oth S y at the orifice of the urethra. The testes, oF 0% other Armadilloes, are lodged within the abdomen ; and there 1$ ' L. c. fig. 8, tab. 17. Hyrtl (1. c. fig. 5, pl. v.) sho io halla باه‎ DUC Maurer ri en DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 89 an inguinal cremasterie band connected therewith. The superior and inferior extre- mities of the epididymis (globus major and minor) are each elongate and of good size. There are no vesiculz seminales. 2. Thoracic Parts and Midriff. Heart, Lungs, and Trachea.—No speciality is exhibited in the heart. The lungs are each three-lobed. The two anterior together are about equal in dimen- sions to the posterior division. The middle lobe is narrow and remarkably elongate. When the lung is inflated, it meets its fellow of the opposite side, and thus they enclasp the cardiac apex. The posterior lobe, when contracted, is short—though, under other con- ditions, it must necessarily be considerably lengthened, and with an inward or semispiral twist behind, to fit the thoracie pocket beneath the fleshy ligamentum areuatum and lesser muscle of the diaphragm. I counted fifteen soft flexible rings in the trachea, from the cricoid to the bronchial fork. These do not meet behind. The tube altogether seems narrowest in the middle, and slightly wider below. Its length is 1.9 inch; and each bronchus is less than i an inch. In Dasypus 9-cinctus, according to Owen', Rapp?, and Alessandrini?, there are but two lobes to the left lung and three to the right, though the latter's figures point to an ineision or semidivision of the sinistral upper lobe. The last-mentioned anatomist demonstrates quadripartition of the right lung and a trifid left lung of D. 6-cinctus; but in Owen's specimen there were three lobes on both sides. Chlamydophorus* agrees with the Peba in lung-segmentation. It has 16, the Encoubert 13, and the Peba from 18 to 22 tracheal rings. Fleshy Septa and action of Walls of Chest.—Regarding the diaphragm, its construction and attachments, though answering to what in common obtains among the greater number of mammals, is yet worth separate mention on account of its being functionally accessory to the visceral displacement during flexion of the trunk. There is a large trefoil central tendon girdled by a fleshy plane with ordinary fastenings. The so-called ligamentum arcuatum externum and internum run together; and this backward exten- sion of the greater muscle of the diaphragm is fleshy and not ligamentous. It extends from the last rib rearwards to the diapophyses, parapophyses, and rudimentary transverse processes of the two lumbar vertebre behind that to which the posterior rib is partially articulated. Tt is also inserted upon their bodies, and, by a narrow angular union with the opposite moiety, leaves a small aortic opening. What corresponds to the lesser dia- phragmatic muscle of human anatomy is thoroughly muscular in 7 olypeutes ; and it spinally mingles with the greater, as above described. Its left (and not the right) crus is best developed, and proceeds beyond the cesophageal cleft, quite up to the inferior vena cava. Indeed a few muscular fibrille from it even appear to encircle that vessel. It is not a little remarkable that the representative of the quadratus lumborum muscle BZ. S. 1831, p. 143. 2 «Die Edentaten,’ 2nd. ed. (D. longicaudus), p. 96. * Memoir J. c. p. 308, tab. xiii. fig. 7, and tab. xvi. figs. 3 & 4. t Hyrtl, 1.6. p. 45, pl. v. fig. 2. VOL. XXx. N 90 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. is situated entirely within the thoracic cavity. Itis recognizable in weak narrow muscular fasciculi, which lie alongside the spine and heads of she r ibs, from the 8th dorsal back. wards. The said fleshy part terminates in five or six semiunited, flat, weak, subequal tendons, which are inserted on the lateral surfaces of the bodies and anterior Zygapophyses of the 9th, 10th, and 11th dorsals and two anterior lumbar vertebrw!. I may further remark in this place that although the rectus capitis anticus major does enter the chest, its volume is small and insignificant as respects power. of dorso-vertebral curvature, The series of intercostal muscles, both external (which, as usual, cease at the junetion of ribs and costal cartilages) and internal, are strong; so are the levatores costarum, which are very manifest, and, indeed, all things considered, powerful to a degree. Some few fibres I differentiated are analogous to the so-called subcostal muscles of Man. The triangularis sterni is weak, and stops short of the xiphoid bone and cartilage. | I shall again have occasion to show that the chief axis of movement in the spine during the act of flexion is between the second and third lumbar vertebree. The thorax of itself, under ordinary circumstances, has a considerable antero-posterior or spinal eurvature—and when the body is bent, one well nigh equal to that of the sacral region. In this posture, moreover, the ribs are thrown widely out, particularly the five hindmost, the costal cartilages are thrust forwards and in part override, and the ensiform sternal segment, by relaxation of the abdominal muscles, yields and falls down wards. It further results that the abdominal viscera are shoved forwards; and as the lungs and heart are necessarily confined and pressed against by the liver and diaphragm, their bulk dimi- nishes in proportion. The heart then tilts well to the left; the lungs bulge out poste- riorly, so that the liver is well provided with stowage-room. Moreover it seems to me that those muscular fibres of the diaphragm which surround the inferior vena cava so compress it as to prevent the return of the blood towards the heart, the return of blood to the heart being temporarily through the superior cava. 3. Cavily of Mouth, Laryngeal Apparatus, $e. Palate and Dentition.—The palate is long, narrow, and elliptical in configuration, and from anterior apex to pharyngeal arch measures 21 inches. Of this nearly 1 inch behind (chiefly soft palate) is smooth and flat ; the remainder (hard palate) is ridged—its anterior moiety being slightly concave, the posterior moiety or mid third of the whole palatal surface having a tendency to median raphe. There are eleven distinct and onè indefinite ridge. The fourth, sixth, and eighth do not arch quite across; the remainder do; and all have a more or less forward curvature. This specimen. presented no difference in its dental formula from that enunciated by j ` Wi E E ie | G d Pur: the thoracic region of Chlamydophorus truncatus, one sentence of Hyrtl’s is worthy of quota- ; A mtr icd cin columnas vertebralis flevor. Hune museulum, in interno thoracis ambitu reperiundum, hie WE LE magis commodi defectus imperat; Columns vertebrali proxime utrimque adstans, a prm? terioribus thoracis War a xd d tendine exoritur, qui protinus carnosam induit naturam, et sex m | bel dida dik » cerescit, quarum. columnam deorsum curvabit, et thoraci id erit, quod Quadratus m | : DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 91 Cuvier! of l'Apar (three-banded species), viz. =, premaxillary denticles being absent. The foremost and the hindmost tooth are smaller than the intervening series, the former in the lower jaw barely protruding beyond the gum. Glands, Tongue, and Pharyna.—By reference to the excellent plates of Wilhelm von Rapp? and Antonio Alessandrini, showing in inferior views the peculiarities of the salivary glands, and comparing these with the partial dissection in profile of our speci- men (fig. 12), it is evident that their salivary apparatus closely correspond. One remark- able structure (to wit, a small sae or salivary reservoir) has been suecessively and inde- pendently described by Winker*, Jäger’, and Owen‘, in the 9-banded Armadillo. The observations of the latter on 6-cinctus, Alessandrini and myself on other genera and species, and Hyrtl* on the Chlamydophorus pretty well establish the fact of this salivary ` sacculus &c. being common to the Armadillo group. I need not, then, recapitulate dif- fusely : suffice it to mention that enlarged submaxillary glands reach backward almost to the sternum ; several diminutive ductlets collect the secretion into the sacculus, situate under the mandibular angle, whence it is conveyed by a long duct to the symphysis menti, and there penetrates the lingual membranes. The parotid is small, has an addi- tional socia parotidis ; and there is a series of sublingual glandular crypts which, inside each horizontal ramus, are firmly attached to the periosteal membrane. When within the mouth, the tongue is a couple of inches long ; but it ean be thrust out very considerably more. Ordinarily, from the tip to the freenum it measures 1 inch. In its elongate conical shape the lingual organ is exactly like that of the other Arma- dilloes; and it has the same finely villous surface, which seems almost smooth to the eye. There are also a pair of fossulate papillze on the dorsum near the root‘. The muscles composing and acting upon the tongue seem to be a modification of what Owen describes in the Great Anteater?, the decussation of fibres and constituent layers being less complicate. I could not differentiate what he denotes sternoglossi, but in their place observed that the relatively voluminous sternohyoidei and sternothyroidei were closely incorporated and sprung broadly from the inner surface of the manubrium. An imperfect division forwards is attached to the thyroid cartilage, representative there- fore of sternothyroid. The uppermost layer goes to the hyoid bone (= sternohyoid), is fastened to the front and sides of the anchylosed basi- and thyrohyals. Moreover the * * Ossemens Fossiles; 3rd ed. tome v. p. 123. -* Op. cit. tab. vii. * L.c. tab. xii. € tab. xvii. figs. 2, 3. * * Dissert. sistens observ. anat. de Tatu novem-cincto, Tübing. 1824, p. 10. * Quoted by Rapp. The original paper I have not seen. ° P. Z. S. 1831, pp. 144 € 157; also fig. 303, and redescrip. of saliv. appar. in Armadillo, p. 400, vol. iii. Anat. of Verteb. 7 Monog. p. 42, tab. ۲۰ fig. 3. * Further consult authorities already mentioned. Truthfully delineated by Alessandrini in D. 6-cinctus, fig. 6, tab, xiii., and D. 9-cinctus, fig. 6, tab. xvi. ° Trans. Zool. Soc, vol.iv. p. 125. Of the muscles of the mandibular and hyoid arches and tongue are figured and dilated upon :—Mylohyoideus (quadripartite),” constrictor salivaris, ceratohyoideus, geniohyoideus, sternothyroidei, cricothyroidei, thyrohyoidei, intercornualis, sternoglossus, genioglossus (complex), epihyoglossi, hyo-epiglottideus, constrictores pharyngis (=ceratopharyngeus, epipharyngeus, hyopharyngens, thyro- pharyngeus, cricopharyngeus), retractor pharyngis, and dermal and facial muscles generally. 1 N the following stylohyoideus, 99 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. muscle does not appear to stop here, but is continued superficially on to the under surface of the tongue, and, without any precise line of definition, merges into what I take to be the mylohyoid. Still more deeply short fasciculi are inserted on the nodular cerato. hyals, and partially to the extrinsie lingual muscles at the inferior root. The mylohyoidei have no mesial raphe, but together form a long, flat, narrow, tapering plane, fixed to the lower inner margin of each half of the horizontal mandibular ramus, and posteriorly attached to the hyoid, being continuous, as above said, with the sternohyoidei. Beneath the preceding are two long narrow bands, with symphysial and hyoidean attachments, to wit, the geniohyoidei. The pair of hyoglossus muscles do not meet in the middle line, and posteriorly are affixed to the ceratohyals. The genio. . hyoglossi are very characteristic and structurally compound. Rearwards their internal portions are fastened to the basihyal between the geniohyoidei ; and their exterior more . to the epihyals. Each styloglossus is a weak and narrow slip, situate in front of the hypo- glossal nerve, and from the cranial origin of the stylohyal proceeds forwards and joins the hyoglossus muscle outside and opposite the dovetailing of the geniohyoglossus. A narrow weak slip, representative of stylohyoid, and a better-marked broader stylo- pharyngeus are readily distinguished. The constrictores and other pharyngeal muscles I did not follow with desirable accuracy. The isthmus and pillars of the fauces are well defined ; and from the prominence of the middle and two lateral glosso-epiglottie membranous folds a pair of fair-sized 8 obtain at the rear of the tongue. The small tonsils are very distinct, each, however, being hidden in a faucial recess, the fore part of which they occupy. The velum pen- dulum palati is worthy of the name, as it constitutes a wide-arched curtain, which in the usual contracted condition reduces the pharyngeal passage to an opening Zo of an inch in diameter. When looked at from the front (see sketch, fig. 19), this narrow aperture appears split in two by the epiglottic septum, and superiorly is overhung bys relatively large and thick uvula.' Es A second sketch, also of natural size, which 1 have shown in fig. 20, displays the pharyngeal cavity, the soft palate being divided and thrown back. In this the three frænula, or glosso-epiglottic folds, are brought into relief, as are a couple of depressions between them and the epiglottis. The pharyngeal cavity is of a good size, its mem- branous walls only of moderate thickness and thrown into a few lateral parallel folds below. On each side of the larynx is an external laryngeal fossa, deepish elliptical- shaped and 0'2 inch long. Although the mucous surface is somewhat smooth, it is plentifully supplied with glands. LE is ew 2} inches long, and rather wide, its fleshy coat being ye hits lining k sig: there are several longitudinal narrow plicee; but inferiorly ™ er. Here and there, especially towards the pharyngeal extremity, are small raised seed-shaped glands; but besides these, and distributed everywhere 90 minute orifices or glandular puncta. a nai —The thyro- and basihyals are bony, firmly anchylosed together, anterior mesial carina. Each osseous moiety is 0*4 inch long. it exhibi idish s ge : ts a widish spear-shaped plate, with deepish and wide basal emarginati — DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 93 The middle keeled basal division has a superior articular prominence for the attachment of the ceratohyal, and below is produced into a broadish terminally blunt (barely bifid) apex. The depth of the hyoid at its carinal aspect is 0:25 inch. The ceratohyal is a small nodule of bone, with bursal and a free fibroid connexion with the basi-, thyro-, and epihyal. The latter bone is stoutish and 0:3 inch long. The stylohyal is slenderer and fully longer, its cranial end being tipped with a short cartilage. As respects the larynx, it is composed of very soft flexible cartilaginous material, a restricted narrow triangular area at the pomum adami and inferior margins of the wings alone showing ossific deposit. The thyroid ale are inflated and rounded, with a . pronounced middle antero-inferior widish cleft. Superior and inferior cornua are short. In front the cricothyroid membrane and space are large and transversely diamond- shaped. The cricoid cartilage forms a complete ring, and anteriorly presents consider- able depth. Posteriorly it has a broad and somewhat chevron-shaped outline, with a central most unusually prominentridge. Besides, the lateral edges are also much raised, leaving a deep depression for the cricoarytenoid muscles. The triangular arytenoid cartilages are flat but fair-sized; and from their anterior apex is a small cartilaginous offshoot, answering either to the cartilage of Santorini or Wrisberg*. The epiglottis isa wide and large leaflet, very soft and flexible, and apically slightly notched’. The fissure of the rima glottidis is 0-2 inch long, narrowed behind ; and there is an absence of pouching in the interior of the larynx. ` The variation of figure &e. of the larynx in Dasypus and Tatusia is but slight, the depth and fulness of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages being, mayhap, relatively greater. Hyrtl (J. c. tab. vi. fig. 5), in a magnified view, shows by a section the inner laryngeal aspect of Chlamydophorus, and in his text refers to the vocal cords &c., obviously not unlike the same in Tolypeutes. Among the muscles attached to the foregoing parts, the thyrohyoidei are well developed; and there are fair and clearly differentiated representatives of erieothyroidei, posterior cricoarytenoidei, and aryteno-epiglottidei, with normal attachments. Others doubtless are present, but less appreciable from their small size. 4. Vaso-Nervous Arrangements. Vessels.—I distinguished but a single vena cava descendens and one ascendens. The arch of the aorta, as Owen? observes of Dasypus (Tatusia) peba, splits into main trunks precisely as in the human subject—w. e. a short innominate, wherefrom a right subclavian and common carotid are derived, the left carotid and subclavian arteries issuing separately from the arch. mancano interamente, circostanza ! Alessandrini remarks, “ Le cartilagini accessorie del Santorini e del Wrisberg ano descritto é piuttosto avvertita anche dal piü volte lodato De Rapp, asserendo in genere che negli Armadilli l'org semplice" (l. c. p. 308). * Owen states that in D. 9-cinctus the epiglottis projects through the arch of the soft palate (P. 2۰ 8. 1831, p. 144). Under certain conditions such may take place ; but certainly it was not found so in my dissection of Toly- peutes * P.Z.8, 1831, p. 143. 04 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. The subelavians pass over the broad first rib in a groove immediately in front of the axillary plexus of nerves. The brachial artery accompanies the median nerve through the supracondyloid foramen, as Wenzel Gruber’ has already recorded in Dasypus tricinctus. At the intervertebral line marking junction of the last lumbar and first sacral vertebra, the abdominal aorta sends off on either side an artery equivalent to the external iliac. This passes to the inside of the process of the sacro-iliac synchondrosis, and, reaching the pelvic basin, proceeds to the middle of the groin, becoming the femoral. In its course it lies upon the tiny tendons of the psoas parvus, afterwards obliquely crosses the psoas iliacus and gracilis ere reaching the adductors &e. About a quarter of an inch below the origin of the external iliacs, another pair of arteries, internal iliacs, spring from the stem of the aorta abdominalis. Each of these dips behind the deep pelvic muscle, reenters the pelvis at the saerococcygeus : gluteal and other branches were not followed. As I did not dissect in detail the peripheral vascular subdivisions, I am unable to say if Tolypeutes presents the retial peculiarities offered by the six-banded Armadillo, to which attention has been directed by Profs. Allman”, Rapp °, and others‘. My rapid examination, however, seems to point out that its arterial distribution is of the type prevalent amongst other loricate edentates, not excepting the curious Chlamydo- phorus’. | Brain.—As regards the brain, I carefully extracted this and placed it in spirits; but " unfortunately an accident befell the specimen ere I was prepared to figure and describe it. This is to be regretted, as hitherto it has not been investigated. The deficiency has to some extent been temporarily supplied by Professor Gervais? in a sketch of a cast of the cerebral cavity of Tolypeutes tricinctus. He remarks, “ L’Apar a les lobes olfactifs encore plus gros, surtout plus larges et déjà séparés de la partie antérieure des hémi- sphères par une sorte de collet; ses hémisphères sont allongés, à plis également rares; son cervelet est plus large et moins long." ۱ Judging from Gervais's illustrations, it presents in eontour closest agreement with Euphractus (Dasypus) sexcinctus, somewhat less with E. villosus (=D. vellerosus, Gray), and still less with Priodontes gigas. The accuracy of Gervais’s figure and his remarks are substantiated in my outline of the interior basis cranii, Plate 26, where, moreover, the large maxillary and frontal sinuses have been opened up. Figures of the brain of Dasypus peba, given by Rapp’ and Alessandrini*, and of Dasypus sexcinctus by Turner’, seem to confirm the above statement. The Nerves.—Ramifications of these were traced in a fugitive manner. There isa relatively voluminous bundle of infra-orbital nerves, important in connexion with the naso-labial parts. Many of the twigs lie between and underneath the upper and lower levatores muscles. 1 ۷ 4 4 i » ۱ ; | ou pic > d. St. Pétersb.1867,tom. x. 2 Trans. Brit. Assoc. 1843, p.08. * Op. dE p e Physiol. et Anat. Comp. tom. iii ? ۰ tom. 111. p. 544, where, literature will be found. : * Hyrtl, monog. on Chlamydophorus cited. * “Les formes cérébrales des Edentés,’ " Op. cit. tab. viii.fig, 3 besides a discussion on retia generally, copious references to the ' Nouv, Archives du Muséum, 1869, tom. v. p. 41, pl. ii. fig. 8. * Memoir 1. e, tab, xvii. fig. 9, * Journ. of Anat. 1867, voli pSb — The facial nerve is likewise large, and, emerging from the upper part P system der Edentaten," Hyrtl, Denksch. Akad. d. Wiss. Wien, 1849. Milne-Edwards, — 1 umm O T NETT با‎ DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 95 of the parotid gland, crosses the masseter about its middle. The hypoglossal nerve goes in front of the stylohyoid muscle, and enters the root of the tongue, where the hyo- glossus and geniohyoglossus muscles meet. The lingual nerve pursues its course in advance of the hypoglossal. Notwithstanding abbreviation and thorough anchylosis of some of the neck-vertebree, the ordinary number of the cervical nerves obtains. The 1st nerve appears to issue from the foramen on the outside of the atlas, and to be distributed to the muscular tissues hard by. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th nerves are united separately from as many foramina in the coalesced trivertebral axial division. The fourth nerve is much thicker than the two preceding ; and the three together constitute the cervical plexus, the first being apart, as in Chlamydophorus truncatus. The brachial plexus is formed by the 5th to 8th nerves inclusive, and a com- municating branch from the fourth. The long thoracic is only partially derived from thefifth. The median and the ulnar nerves are each a thick cord ; and the latter passes through the internal condyloid foramen. At the sole of the foot the radial nerve is large, intimately adherent, and partially distributed to the palmar fascia as well as muscles. The increase of neurotic power concomitant with thickness of cord doubtless eontributes to and has considerable influence on the tension of the great nail-borne foot. Of the lumbar and saeral plexus, I noted that the erural or femoral trunk came chiefly from the foramina between the second and third lumbar vertebree, entirely posterior, therefore to the quadratus lumborum muscle, but anterior to the ilium, and outside the peculiar long lumbo-iliac (psoas) ligament. The femoral nerve lies on the surface of the ilio-psoas muscle, and, in company with but exteriorly to the femoral artery, proceeds to thegroin. What answers to the obturator nerve is made up of branches from the 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves. It lies to the inside of the psoas parvus and close to the synchon- drosis, passes just inside the pelvic brim, and escapes posteriorly through the obturator foramen. The most notable of the nerves composing the sacral plexus are those constituting the ischiatic—the remaining posterior branches being diminutive, covered by and supplying the infracaudal muscles. The pair of largest cords contributing to the great sciatic emerge from the foramina just within the pelvic basin. ۷ ۲. ۰ In comparing the muscular structure of the present form with others of the Armadillo tribe, I shall have occasion more especially to cite the annexed authorities, with recourse now and again to writings on allied Edentata &e. in illustration of points at issue, 1, ‘Recueil de Planches de Myologie, Cuvier et Laurillard, * Tatou à six bandes," pls. 259, 260. ^ i 2. ‘ Hunterian Lectures’ by Huxley, 1865. Abstract Med. Times and Gaz. His MS. of Lects. 8 & 9, however, containing notes of dissection of Dasypus 6-cinctus, he has kindly placed at my disposal. 3. “The Muscles of the Fore and Hind Limb in D. 6-cinetus,” Galton, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. 96 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 4, References to muscular anat. of several Armadilloes, in Macalister’s pàper on Bradypus, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. iv. 1869. | ۱ p. “ Caputte „tium, MYOL 0614,” Hyrtl's <“ Ohlamydophori truncati cum Dasypode gyms AS comp.," Denksch. d. k. Akad. d. Wissensch. in Wien, 1855, vol. ix. pls. i. to vi. 1. Muscles of the Hind Quarters. In Tolypeutes the musculo-aponeurotic strip of the tensor vagin® femoris answers tolerably well to the clear description given of it by Mr. Galton in Dasypus, save the sixth dorsal band. It assists in drawing the femur forwards, upwards, and slightly inwards, the main fixed points being the anterior iliac spine and front of third trochanter, In the attitude of walking it is partially hidden by the gluteus maximus. The muscular fibres of the gluteus maximus are thin, the strongest being situate superiorly and posteriorly, whilst the interspace between great and third trochanter comprises only transparent fascia. By tendinous fasciculi it stretches from the anterior erest or spine of ilium along the dorsum of the sacrum to where the pelvie shield joins the ischial tuberosity (i.e. the osseous arch), and with an attachment to that bone. Its tendinous sheet of insertion upon the third trochanter encloses that process as a semilune, The anterior fascia unites with that of the tensor vaginse femoris, the aponeurosis of the two passing on to the surface of the vastus externus as low even as the outer condyles and the patella, while the posterior part of its tendinous fascia runs well into the anterior edge of the biceps femoris muscle. Its actions are chiefly an anterior and posterior movement, together with a semi- rotatory motion and abduetion of the limb from the side of the body. Similar to the above in other Armadilloes—though, in the Pichiciago, Hyrtl’ speaks of as if composed of three. portions. ` The gluteus medius and minimus are inseparably united, and of a somewhat rhom- boidal form. They have origin from the superior scooped surface of the prismatic-shaped ilium, and are inserted into the whole of the upper border of the great trochanter. They together are much stronger and fleshy than the gluteus maximus; and the anterior edge and upper surface of their origin is tendinous superficially. From the direction of their fibres a power of drawing the head of the limb forwards and inwards is indicated. Galton” seems to think the gluteus minimus is absent in the 6-banded species, though 1 other writers? aver confluence with the gluteus medius. | Beneath the preceding, as in Dasypus, there is a narrower elongate triangular muscle, which, I agree with Galton, represents a pyriformis. It springs from the side of the sacrum, at the large ovoid ilio-sacral space = great sciatic foramen), and trending $ inserted by a stout tendon into the posterior upper border of the great :‏ 18 بیان e The thick cord of the sciatic nerve runs beneath it. :‏ | Behind the last a pair of feeble gemelli obtain. The anterior comes from the surae f ۶ بر‎ ۵ 39. * Porti t ti » 1 el : spinæ, ab hoe تت‎ ad ne. a, non solum ad dictum trochanterem terminatur, sed per a a | * L. c. p. 550 ylum usque externum continuate, longitudinem diffunditur." pra ۰ 3 Cuvier's al, fig. 3; H yrtl, p. 39. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 07 of the bone immediately behind the sacro-seiatie space ; the posterior is implanted rather on a small nodosity of the ischium above the obturator foramen. Neither reaches upwards to the sacrum; and both pretty well conjoined are inserted by a short tendon behind the trochanteric fossa. Close to, but further back than, the gemelli is a longish goodly-sized quadratus femoris. This springs from the vertical plate of the ischium in front of its tuberosity, and descends to the third trochanter. The sciatie nerve goes beneath it, but superficial to the gemelli, thus dipping between the two. I distinguish, under the temporary name of ischio-femoral, a long, narrow, fleshy band - on the same plane as the quadratus femoris, but its origin placed considerably behind it and eonverging below. It lies and erosses obliquely the surface of the biceps femoris, ‘springs from the ischial tuberosity and partly, by extension of fascial tendon, from the arch of the pelvic shield. Inferiorly it is inserted on the third trochanter behind and somewhat lower than the quadratus femoris. None of the authors quoted mentions this extra muscle, unless it be included in their bieipital divisions. Iapprehend avine and reptilian characters in it, inasmuch as in some birds there is a somewhat similarly situate muscular strip, which passes from the side of the tail to the middle of the femur. In the kingfishers I name this “ caudo-femoral.” Mr. Mivart! describes and figures in the Zguana tuberculata an accessory muscle, designated ilio-peroneal, and another as femoro-caudal. The latter nearly corresponds with that of Tolypeutes, though agreeing more with my caudo-femoral in the bird. As regards the gemelli and quadratus femoris in Dasypus and Chalmydophorus, these in the main coincide with the condition extant in the three-banded Armadillo. According to my reading, the biceps femoris in Tolypeutes has but a single head of origin, viz. from the tuberosity of the ischium and the side of the bone in advance of that process. The anterior moiety of origin is strongly tendinous. The fleshy fibres forming the belly of the muscle broaden out as they descend ; and some proceed nearly to the middle of the fibula, The insertion, however, is an extensive aponeurotic fascia, Which, partly wrapping round the limb behind, stretches from above the outer femoral condyle down to patella, head of tibia, and the fibula as far as the malleolus and even the os caleis, being attached to the latter by rather a strong tendon. Cuvier’s drawing, fig. 2, q, denotes greater fulness of this muscle, but no counter. indieation of duality—in this, therefore, agreeing with Huxley's observation and sin- gleness of its origin in the same species, D. 6-cinctus. Galton (l. c. p. 554), however, looks upon it as made up of two distinct factors. His anterior division is in some respects, suggestive of my ischio-femoral slip; but it includes considerably more, as its main part terminates by fascia heelwards. His second, postero-superior division, with origin from ischial tuberosity, he mentions has connexion above with the gluteus maximus, and below with the gastrocnemius. Chlamydophorus has a biceps essentially, as I have above de- scribed, Hyrtl (7.0. p. 40) even grouping the next pair of muscles along with it en masse. The very long semitendinosus springs chiefly by thin fascia from the postero-outer surface of the ischium, close to the lower roughening of the arch ; and its insertion is about, ı P, Z.S. 1867, pp. 789-794, figs. 15, 16, 17, 18. YOL. XXX. 0 98 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. the middle of the inner edge of the tibial shaft, by a broad, thin, but nevertheless strong aponeurosis, common to it, the semimembranosus, and gracilis. The semimembranosus is broader, but equally thin at its ischial origin, which is before and beneath that of the semitendinosus, but behind those of the adductor magnus and quadratus femoris, Ttg fibres narrow and thicken towards the insertion, which is by a very strong round tendon upon the inner side of the neck of the tibia. This tendon is hidden by the fibrous sheath of insertion of the gracilis muscle. 0 These two muscles, semitendinosus and semimembranosus, act in producing flexion of the lower leg; and they, along with the biceps, also cause a withdrawal of the leg into the abdominal chamber, by the direction of their forces being altered through the partially - fixed aponeurosis of the latter muscle at the popliteal space. | The gracilis arises from the junetion of the ischium with the pubis, also along the symphysis and nearly the whole length of the pubie brim of the pelvis. It is broad above, with thin fleshy fibres; below, its aponeurotic insertion into the tibia is extensive, mingling, as aforesaid, with that of the semitendinosus. The letters 7, s, u in the illustrations in the * Recueil,’ and Galton’s description, show absolute identity of the three last-mentioned muscles in ۰ The rectus femoris is tolerably well developed. It has a very strong tendon of origin from the superior [inferior] spinous process of the ilium ; and there is a second head, faintly indieated by a diminutive slip of fleshy fibres, situate towards the acetabulum. Its patellar insertion is separate, and in front of those of the vasti muscles. Of the vastus externus and internus, the former is much the larger and stronger. Its museular fibres fill the interspace between the base of the great and the anterior free edge of the third trochanter. The fleshy fasciculi of the vastus internus interweave with those of the vastus externus in front. Crureus absent, or is not to be differentiated from the vasti In | D. 6-einetus, according to Galton, the rectus division of the quadriceps extensor has bub — a single point of origin, the vasti agree with those of Tolypeutes, and there is no distinct erureus, as is the case in Chlamydophorus. Hyrtl, in his myology of the last-mentioned animal, the * Pichiciago’ of the Chilian Indians, alludes to the sartorius muscle in these terms :—“ Sartorius insolita plane excellit origine, dum non ab ossis ilei spina, seda tendine psoico enascitur. Proceram et — — fasciolam, quee cum adductorum insertione femorali decussatur, et ad Meman artieulationis genu regionem delabitur, ubi cum adductorum tendine robusto, I penes, coalescit á q. C. p.39). The editors of the posthumous < Planches de A yologie have, in the right groin of the animal, figured in pl. 260 and lettered a musele a Bec e (= sartorius), which appears to come from about the Galton’s disseetion of tig. ung e es eim * E: E given (Lc. p.558),. This arises kid of Dasypus, a description of a delicate pec | RARA ARAN we action as equivalent to a kind of « EEEE nes RA 9 au d: wall; Notioejataken by him 0: tensor fascie femoris internus," the origi being | y him of the diversity of opinion between Meckel' and the editos Anat, Comp. vol, vi, p. 399 (French ed.), ; DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO: 99 of Cuvier's * Legons””, of the abnormal position of the sartorius in the Ai (Bradypus), which Macalister? afterwards decides in favour of the great German anatomist. In Tolypeutes, a small abnormally attached sartorius, I believe, does exist, although in my notes of the dissection I appear partially to have confounded it with the tensor vagina femoris. There is, however, a very apparent though small pectineus, spoken of by Hyrtl in the Chlamydophorus and Galton in the 6-banded Armadillo—in this case springing from the pubic rod in front of the ilio-peetineal eminence, and passing towards the root of the inner trochanter. Adductores.—Instead of there being only a single adductor muscle, as interpreted by Galton in Dasypus 6-cinctus and depicted by Cuvier and himself, I find there are at least three, if not a fourth division, in Tolypeutes; and a many-headed adductor obtains in Chiamydophorus. That which I take to be an adductor magnus, as in Man, converges in two planes, and is relatively large and strong. It has origin from the whole of the front of the upward (horizontal) and descending pubic rami, and from the ischial surface around the posterior border of the obturator foramen. By its insertion, the posterior and somewhat flattened superficies of the femoral shaft, from third trochanter to both outer and inner condyles, is occupied. The muscle answering to adductor longus is smaller than the preceding. It springs in close relation with it above and on the upper (outer) end of the horizontal ramus of the pubis, and inferiorly it is fixed to the posterior surface of the lesser (tibial) trochanter. The adductor brevis at the pelvis comes from the outside of adduetor longus, and it goes to the inner edge of the femoral shaft below the tibial trochanter as far as midway between it and the inner condyle. There is, moreover, an additional slip of fleshy fibres lying beneath the two last-mentioned muscles. This has an origin betwixt them, and is insert upon the sharp inner edge of the lesser trochanter. | I defer notice of the obturatores until mentioning the inner pelvic and subcaudal muscles, : The tibialis anticus has a broad origin from the whole of the outer surface of the tibia (excepting just above the malleolus), also from the interosseous membrane. Its tendon is inserted upon the entocuneiform, but not to the metatarsal. In D. sexcinctus Galton’ mentions it as likewise possessing a considerable fibular origin; but he, Huxley‘, and Macalister agree as to a single inferior tendon; so does Hyrtl*, in the Ohlamydophorus, “ossi naviculari insertum." An extensor longus hallucis is wanting. It is present’, though small, in the last-men- tioned animal and in the six-banded Armadillo. In the first an external malleolar, and in the second a fibular origin is assigned it. ' (2nd ed.) vol. i. p. 519. * Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1869, vol. iv. p. 64. * Paper quoted p. 558. * MS. Hunterian Lectures, 1865, * Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1869, vol. iv. p. 65. * L. c. p. 40. * Recorded by Huxley and Galton; termed extensor proprius hallucis by the latter (I. e. p. 562); 27 € ri same lettered 2, fig. 2, pl. 259, * Planches de Myologie * =long extenseur du pouce (peronée-sus-onguier); it is the ext. hal. proprius of Hyrtl and Macalister. 9 0 ~ 100 | DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. ` The extensor longus digitorum is equal in bulk to the tibialis anticus. Its origin i from between the heads of the tibia and fibula, and from the anterior edge of the shaft of this latter bone for half its length. The muscular belly divides into three nearly equal-sized tendons above the malleolus, whereof the outermost of these divisions bifur. cates and sends slips to the fourth and fifth digits, the fourth being the longest of the two. The middle tendon goes singly and broadly to the fourth digit. The innermost tendon divides in the middle of the dorsum, and sends two broad and flat slips to the , second and third digits. E This muscle in the Encoubert, according to Huxley ', divides but into a pair of main tendons, the fibular division as above, the tibial splitting and supplying 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes. In Galton's? dissection a treble division existed. The middle tendon was joined by the outer slips of the extensor brevis, then parted into two, terminating in 4th and 8rd digits; the inner tibial tendon was joined by the median short extensor muscle, subdivided into two, but ended with tripartite tendon on the back of the 3rd and 2nd toes, Moreover there was a fibrous junction of the latter with the tendon of the extensor proprius hallucis. Divided into four tendons, going to as many outer digits in the Chlamydophorus. Ä The extensor brevis digitorum is composed of a few fleshy fibres, which come from . the outer malleolus, the external lateral ligament, and the anterior upper edge of the os ealeis. The fibres divide into two separate slips, ending in thin tendons, which join beneath those of the long extensor, going to the 2nd and 4th digits. From the slip joining the 2nd digit à very minute secondary slip of muscle, ending in a still finer tendon, could be traced coming from it, and, mingling, was lost in the long tendon of the | 3rd digit. I observed a small sesamoid bone in the latter tendon at the joint. Huxley's and Galton's observations and Cuvier's illustration (fig. 2 ¢) of D. 6-cinctus nearly coin- cide, the fleshy e. b. d. being somewhat trifid, and joining the tendons of the long ex- tensor as above mentioned. Hyrtl alludes to quadruple tendons in C. truncatus and the Dasypodes. | Peronei.—Comparatively weak in muscular fibre; the p. longus has origin from the fibula, the anterior surface of its head and upper fourth of the shaft of the fibula. lis tendon commences at the middle of the leg, glides under the outer malleolus, and pro- ceeds deeply across the foot to the proximal ends of the 2nd and 1st metatarsals?. The p. brevis is much larger than the preceding both in belly and tendon. It springs from the upper half of the outer and slightly backward aspect of the fibula, the strong external ligament separating it and the peroneus longus above. It has superficial tendinous fibres in nearly the whole of its belly; but the real tendon commences about the uppê end of the lower third of the fibula, gus — ds passes in company with the tendon of the p. lon uel a Pici below the outer malleolus, and is inserted into the outer side of the distal xu e fourth metacarpal bone. Besides the foregoing, I made out by careful mani: — ' lee. cit me. * Galton makes mention of an addi 4. 6. p. 560, pl. 44. fig. 5. tional patellar origin in D . : : 2 lations of the x antar tendon Eu gin in D. 6-cinctus, and follows in detail the relations ^ ©" — pati finally ending in the hallucial metatarsal, Z, 6. p. 559. : DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 101 pulation the presence of a peroneus tertius and p. quinti digiti. "They are very delicate, but nevertheless clearly appreciable. They arise by sparse muscular fibres from the outer posterior surface of the external lateral ligament of the knee-joint, appearing continuous with the p. brevis. Their fine tendons continue downwards along with that of the p. brevis, and, after passing the outer malleolus, continue along the outside of the foot. ` Ap. longus, p. brevis, and p. quinti digiti have been alluded to in the Armadillo by Huxley and Macalister. Galton (p.559) more specifically describes a p. longus and pp. brevis and tertius in the D. sexcinctus. The two latter are united above, have femoral, patellar, and fibular attachments: the tendon, which terminates under the 5th metatarsal, he ascribes to p. brevis; the other, which is inserted outside the proximal phalanx of the same digit, he regards as that of p. tertius. Hyrtl assigns a p. longus and p. brevis to Chlamydophorus (l. c. p. 42). There are two heads, as usual, to the gastrocnemius; and its insertion below is the os ealeis. This muscle is of considerable size, and offers no variation in other Armadilloes, though, by including the soleus, Macalister makes it appear as three-headed (/. c. p. 65). - The plantaris arises along with, but beneath, the external head of origin of the gastrocnemius. It has a strong muscular belly, but is so incorporated with the gas- ‚troenemius as to be with difficulty separated until, becoming tendinous, about halfway down the leg. Its tendon, a long round one, passes to the inner side, and is inserted into the os calcis, the plantar fascia not being a continuation of it as in Dasypus sea- cinctus. The largest of the three muscles of the calf is the soleus. It is fleshy for the whole length of the fibula and head, some of its fibres, the deepest, reaching the os calcis; und these are tendinous superficially. The soleus is in apposition deeply with the combined flexors (f. com. and f. long. hallueis), which lie to its inner side. It is similar in the 6-banded Armadillo; and Hyrtl notes in C. truncatus four plantar fascicular fascize proceeding to the sole of the foot, aiding the long digital flexores (7. c. 41). In Tolypeutes the superficial plantar fascia is strong, and has attachment to the os ealeis and inner malleolus. It entirely covers the sole, being firmly adherent to the plantar sesamoid bone and vessels, as also the tendons of the deep flexors. It sends slips more or less to all the digits; the second and third only are perforated. In D. 6- cinctus the plantar fascia, a continuation of the plantaris muscle, has a trifid division on the sole, the hallux and 2nd and 3rd digits being acted on by its tubular prolongations. In relation to the other muscles of the calf of the leg, the popliteus is large. At the usual origin on the outer femoral condyle there is a small sesamoid bone. The insertion ofthe popliteus is continued nearly halfway down the inner posterior aspect of the tibia. Although Mr. Galton speaks of a double head to this muscle in the 6-banded Armadillo, as does Hyrtl, in Chlamydophorus, neither makes allusion to its containing a sesamoid ; and Macalister distinctly avers there is none in ۰ Flexor longus hallucis and flexor communis digitorum are conjoined. Their fleshy belly, of moderate bulk, occupies the whole of the posterior surface of the interosseous membrane, and about the middle fourth of the shaft of the tibia. Together the muscles form a strong tendon, a little above the malleolus. This lies in the deep groove of the 102 DR .J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. q. nues on to the sole, broadening out as it is transfo M nth en i UM en The ossicle is 0:25 inch long, nearly flat, or ni veta aii on the surface, but wedge-shaped deeply: qu ha bursa between it and the tarsal bones. From the distal end of the plantar bone ve tendons, placed semicircularly, arise; they go to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits respectively, Excepting the fifth, which is a small one, they are very broad and strong, and each has small sesamoidei previous to insertion. us With the exception of an extensive fibular origin, this long compound flexor has essen- tially a similar arrangement in Dasypus 6-cinctus (Huxley, MS. notes, and Galton, 1. c, p.557). Hyrtl (in mem. cited, p. 41) takes cognizance of the plantar ossicle and con- nexion with long digital flexors in D. setosus (=the 6-banded ; species), in .D. novem- cinctus (= Tatusia peba), and in D. gymnurus (= Xenurus unicinctus), remarking of Chlamydophorus that it possesses a trihedral cartilaginous nodule in place of the bone, the distal tendons, however, being five in number. In the hind foot of this specimen of Tolypeutes conurus there were three lumbricales: —the first from the superficial and ulnar side of the second tendon of the flexor longus, and which is inserted into the fibular side of the same digit; the second lumbricalis springs from between the second and third tendons, and is inserted upon the ulnar side, of the third digit; the third lumbrical belly arose from between the third and fourth flexor tendons, and it ended upon the fibular side of the third digit. In his account of the anatomy of the six-banded Armadillo, Prof. Huxley’ stated he met with six lumbricales in the left foot :—one to the fibular side of the hallux ; one to the tibial side of the second toe, and another to its fibular side; one to the tibial side of the third digit; one to the tibial side of the fourth toe; and, lastly, one to the tibial side of the fifth toe. In the right foot of the same animal there were seven lumbricales in all, the additional one going to the fibular side of the fourth toe. Mr. Galton’ recounts having found seven lumbricales, with an arrangement corresponding to the right foot in Huxley's specimen. Cuvier’s drawing, pl. 260, does not justify conclusions therefrom; and Hyrtl, while admitting plantar lumbricales in the curious Chilian Pichiciago, leaves their number and insertions untold. The tibialis posticus has origin by asomewhat laterally compressed aponeurotic tendon from the head of the fibula, and by fleshy fibres from the back of the shaft of the tibia to the inner side and below the popliteus, as far as the upper end of the lower fourth of the shaft. Its tendon, rather a strong one, glides in a separate groove behind the inner malleolus, passes beneath the internal lateral ligament, and is inserted into the "m ternal euneiform bone, The small extra tibialis postieus of Owen is also present. This | arises perfectly separate from the last, viz. from the inner malleolus, as a slight muscular s and it is inserted into the extra free portion of bone at the proximal end ofthe — ux. d Bare ofa double tibialis posticus among the Dasypodidze would seem rather tobe e than the exception, Owen’, as above hinted, distinctly notes its having been ne t . MS. notes of Hunterian lectures, 1865. * 1. c. p. 563. 3 P, Z. S. 1832, p. 138. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 103 with by him in D. 6-cinctus ; it was alluded to by Huxley! asa differentiated muscle going to the sesamoid. Galton’, in the same species of Armadillo, very clearly describes the relations, course, and insertions of the compound tibialis posticus, and observes, “ May not the latter of the two muscles described above be regarded as a “ tibialis posticus se- cundus vel internus?" He also takes notice of the fact that in Cuvier's * Myologie'? the last differentiated slip is lettered as tibialis posticus and its companion as flexor longus pos- ticus. A second tibialis posticus obtains in Chlamydophorus*, the two-toed Sloth’, the Ornithorhynchus *, several other vertebrates, and occasionally, as an abnormality, in Man’. 2. Inner Lumbo-pelvic, Caudal, and Belly-muscles. In an earlier section, anted p. 90, I have drawn attention to the small quadratus lum- borum as being quite within the cavity of the chest, a trace of its tendons only emerging beyond the diaphragmatic crura. Psoas muscles, again, are so aborted as to leave the lumbar region meagrely clothed, indeed almost fleshless, a perfect contrast therefore to what obtains in some of the Marsupialia, Carnivora, and Rodentia. This one might notbe prepared to find ; for from the remarkable facility with which Tolypeutes curves the body and again unrolls it, the supposition that the loin-muscles would take an active share therein seems plausible. But, on the other hand, our animal and the Armadilloes generally have but feeble saltatory power and habit; and, as has been shown in the three- banded species at least, the great digastric muscle expanded within the carapace seems to supplant lumbar contractile effort. But, looking to adaptation of parts, the absence of fleshy masses within the loins serves well the economy of Tolypeutes ; for greater space results, conducing to the neat packing of the abdominal viscera during the curvature of the body. Psoas ligament,—I apply this term to a well-marked and unusual ligament, in some measure almost taking the place of psoas muscles. Somewhat like a backward con- tinuation of the quadratus lumborum, or, indeed, rather simulating a rearward extension of the erural tendons of the diaphragm, there is beneath and on each side of the bodies of the posterior loin-vertebre a stout tendon which proceeds towards the pelvic brim. Anteriorly this springs from or is firmly fastened to a ventral carinal process of the second lumbar vertebra, and therefrom, with a slightly outward divergent course, is continued to and inserted on a small eminence answering to the anterior inferior spinous process of the ilium in human anatomy. The psoas ligament is about 14 inch long, narrow, flat, and glistening, and at its pelvie termination partly covers and mingles with the super- ficial facial structures of the sacro-iliac synchondrosis. It appears to have an important bearing in spinal flexion, forasmuch as the hinge of movement at the loins turns on a pivot at the intervertebral cartilage between the second and third lumbar vertebrae. Thus its office may be compared to a guy-rope steadying and partially regulating the curvilinear tension of the pelvic parts to the spine in advance. 1 Hunterian Lectures, 1865. 2 L.e. p. 558. » Pl. 260. * Hyrtl’s Monograph on its Anatomy, l. c. p. 41. * Galton * On the Myology of Cyclothurus didactylus," Ann. € Mag. Nat. Hist. Oct. 1869. $ : ; * Meckel’s Anat. Comp. French ed. vol. vi. p. 424, and his memoir * Ornithorhynchi paradoas Descript. Anat. T See Wood’s Remark, Proc. Roy. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 389. * Witness Prof. Owen's remarks on the movements of the living Armadillo. P. 2.8. 1832, p. 135. 104 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO, What has been denominated psoas ligament, may be eritically considered by others the homologue of a psoas parvus muscle. It certainly is altogether devoid of fleshy fibre; Lu moreover there is ón additional factor suggestive of the latter. This, for contrast, then, I shall regard as psoas parvus. It is à tiny slip posteriorly inside the so-called ligament, and composed of slender fleshy fasciculi coming from the sides of the third and fourth lumbar vertebree, and inserted by a delicate tendon on the inner aspect of the ilium, just below the last. l p The muscle answering to the ilio-psoas of Galton and psoadiliacus of Macalister is clearly of a compound character in Tolypeutes. That moiety which best answers to و‎ psoas magnus covers the ventral surface of the ilium by a layer of flesh, and is inserted by a strong tendon on the upper point of the lesser femoral trochanter. The narrower outer segment, or iliacus, springs more from the edge of the bone, and descending along. side the first, in close proximity to it and the rectus femoris, is muscularly fastened in front. of the lesser trochanter below the femoral neck. ۱ 1 An obturator internus is said to be wanting in Dasypus' and Chlamydophorus? ; butin Tolypeutes a thin fleshy sheet covering the interior surface of the ischium around the obturator is evidently the muscle in question, in spite of the difficulty raised, viz. ossifica- tion and obliteration of the lesser sciatic notch. There obtains likewise a well-developed obturator externus agreeing: pretty well with that of Dasypus (Galton), and not so bound up with the gemelli &e. as in Chlamydophorus (Hyrtl). | I have already made my remarks on the pyriformis, and here, along with the obturators, speeify an anomalous sacro-pelvie muscle. It may be (and this is not improbable) a deep layer or division of the pyriformis. In this case it is so distinctive that I class it separately among the inner pelvic muscles, and append the cognomen of oblique sacral to it, the rather to mark its presence than denote its importance. Its origin is from the pelvic surface of the narrower portion of the sacrum, and in a broad fleshy layer fills up the great sacrosciatic space. Its posterior border impinges upon upon the infracaudal, the sacrococeygeus, and the obturator internus. The sacrosciatic nerve escapes at its fore border and lies on its dorsal surface, separating it therefore from that previously described as a pyriformis. Its fibres and those of the latter do not coincide in direction, but pass at an acute angle to each other. l This oblique sacral certainly does not belong to the category of the ordinary caudal muscles, neither does it answer to the obturator tertius met with by Mivart and myself in Hyrax capensis’. Without being absolutely identical, it best harmonizes with the coceygeus of human anatomy, and partially with the same muscle in the Hyraz. Depressores caudee.—Of these, three pairs are easily made out, their fleshy bellies being fully developed though flat. That to which the name infracoceygeus or infracaudal is — epe covers the mesial line of the sacrum posterior to its narrowing at the sciatic — eni eim of opposite ees Pr: the mail dd Gil for dict inte fie Maa e.chevron bones, thence pr p , ee Ear and Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1869, vol. iv. p. 63. 2 Hyrtl, I. c. p. 39. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 105 - The sacrococcygeus, lying outside, has a broader origin, which does not extend so far forwards as thelast. Its caudal tendons, one to each vertebral element, are most delicate towards the end of the tail, yet tough and the reverse of weak. The third, a short fleshy muscle, is covered almost entirely by the sacrococeygeus. It answers partly to the ischiococcygeus of some mammals and birds. Of a widish trian- gular shape, apex behind, it is spread out on the ischium inwards from below the neigh- bourhood of the tuberosity to the outer margin of the infracoceygeus. Posteriorly it is fixed to the lower surface of the incurved arch of the pelvic shield, viz. on the rear angle of the hind-leg chamber of the carapace. | Whilst the first-mentioned pairs of muscles flex the tail itself, the third pair act on the pelvie shield, forcibly dragging it down and at the same instant forwards as the animal rolls the body together. | ` Levatores caudze.— These are also three in number on each side. The levator caudæ externus and internus commence by aponeurotic fascia which lies close against the spinous edge of the sacrum, in proximity to the end of the spinalis dorsi &e. and there not readily separable. As the transverse processes of the sacrum broaden, fleshy fibre in- creases; and this again diminishes and separation of the caudal tendons follows, opposite the arch of the pelvic shield. The usual distribution of tail-tendons takes place within the bony tunnel (vide fig. 12, Tab. XXIV). “The lumbo-caudalis!, a small muscle lying outside the preceding, is narrower and weaker than the ischiococcygeus. It springs from above and inside the ischial tuber- ösity, terminating by a partially compound tendon on the side of the root of the tail, opposite the posterior apex of the arch of the pelvie shield. | The external oblique muscle of the abdomen arises by ordinary digitations from eight or nine of the posterior ribs, the digitations however being short. It has also attachment to the whole of the last rib, the lumbar fascia, transverse processes of the loin-vertebre, and anterior spine of the ilium. I omitted registering remarks on the internal oblique, but noted that the rectus abdominis narrowed anteriorly, and reached, but barely pro- ceeded beyond, the xiphoid cartilage. Poupart's ligament, however, is very considerably accentuated, and conspicuously defines the rear of the abdominal parietes in the flexed eondition of the hind limbs. The testes fit into the hollow just within, and seem to peer out at the abdominal ring. Cranio-facial Muscles.‏ رو - Belonging to the face 1 took note of the following series :— 1. The uppermost of a pair (or three ?) long levators or retractors extending between orbit and snout, springs from the orbital surface of the maxillary bone ; by a. flat fleshy belly. This develops a large tendon which proceeds straight forwards to the root of the upper narial cartilage. 2. The next, similar in character, although situate inferiorly, partially overlaps the pre- ceding at its origin. It has somewhat more of an infraorbital and jugal attachment. At the side of the superior maxilla it splits into two, the tendons of which continue in a nearly ! See remarks on this muscle in the Manatee &c., Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. viii. p. 147, pl. 21. VOL. XXX. E T P 106 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. parallel direction forwards, one being fixed to the lateral cartilage of the nostril ; the other, more delicate, goes more downwards and terminates on the lowest lateral cartilage (=sesamoid ?). The terminal branches of the infraorbital nerves so intertwine with the tendons as to make the latter be mistaken for nervous cords. 3. From the infraorbital region there is a short, broadish, entirely fleshy layer, which strikes obliquely downwards towards the upper lip, near the angle of the mouth, 4. There is a long levator labii inferioris corresponding in part with the nasal retrac- tors, but quite single and weaker than these; it blends rearwards with the fibres of the cheek-muscle or buceinator. The orbicularis palpebrarum possesses a widish area ; and intermingled with it behind is the forward extension and jugo-orbital insertion of the protractor of the first movable zone. The buccinator is well developed, as also are the horseshoe-shaped fibres of the orbi- cularis oris. As faras made out, the masseter is single, broad, and with a wide attachment to the mandibular angle. The moderate-sized temporalis, besides a usual coronoid insertion, runs well down - and outside the ascending ramus, in a groove which extends below the level of the teeth, There are two strong fleshy pterygoidei. | I shall compare the foregoing with the admirable description and illustrations of the muscles of the nose, lips, and jaws of the Great Anteater (Myrmecophaga jubata’), given by Prof, Owen. It becomes apparent ceteris paribus, that our loricate specimen, in its fleshy facial development, presents a much greater likeness to the large hairy edentate than the elongate tenuous snout-formation of the latter would warrant. From this we may infer that the type is preserved, however much the contour of physiognomy is altered. As another corollary we may admit that, though narrowed and lengthened, the nasal retractores are in verity homologues of the naso-labial levatores of Man. Owen specifies a levator nasi, the counterpart of my No. 1. His retractor anguli oris, retractor alee nasi, and retractor labii superioris are comprised in Tolypeutes by the com- pound muscle numbered 2 above. In ita tertiary and not binary tendinous distribution may have been present, though not detected by me, the nerves, fascia, and tendons being involved together in a tough matted structure. We agree as to a retractor labii inferioris, though in the Anteater it possesses a more distinct superficial maxillary origin. What is named accessorius ad orbicularem oris by Owen, is No. 3 in Tolypeutes. Differences in the other muscles may be ascribed solely to the longer, shallower head of Myrme- cophaga jubata. In Chlamydophorus truncatus, Hyrtl mentions (l. c. p. 30) the presence id — anguli oris, zygomaticus, levator labii superioris or retractor rostri, besides the usual jaw-muscles. 1 4. Muscles of the Spine, the Neck, and the Back, superficially. The long dorsal muscles ! : Mes strength of their tendons. have, on. the whole, a paucity of flesh compared with the * Trans. Zool. Soc, vol, iv. p. 133, pl. 39. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 107 ' The sacro-lumbalis belies its name, reaching neither the sacrum nor loins. Its costal attachment is narrow and thin, covering the ribs a little way beyond their angles; it has the ordinary subsidiary tendons, the foremost being inserted into the head of the first rib. I did not make out an extension of cervicalis ascendens with clearness. The thickest part of the longissimus dorsi is where it lies under the eave of the last three dorsal and first two lumbar metapophyses. "These processes in a manner protect it ; and this more fleshy part lodged in the bony groove doubtless exerts a pulley-action in the return spring of the spine from its flexed condition. As it has an insertion upon the last three cervical vertebre, this anterior portion, which is strong, comes under the defi- nition of transversalis cervicis, as applied to the muscle in Man and other animals. The spinalis dorsi, though not voluminous, is certainly compact. It occupies the trough between the metapophyses and spinous processes. Immediately beneath is a very appre- ciable development of semispinalis. The component fascicular bundles of this cover two vertebral laminze each, but lie well against the spines, posterior to the first dorsal. In the neck the s. colli has a flatter position. There is another fair-sized deeply placed neck- muscle outside the last, and with attachments (from cranium to last cervical) indicative of its being a complexus major. Whatever significance may be borne by the long spinal museles in Tolypeutes, as regards reflection when the body is inturned, it is obvious from Hyrtl’s description and Cuvier's plates that there is hardly any variation in the other Armadilloes. Unless the part described under the cutaneous sheets may represent a cephalic end, the otherwise weakly developed trapezius has no forward or occipital extension in Tolypeutes. The more evident constituent of the muscle is a tenuous dorsal layer coming from the first and second, and expanding towards the sixth and seventh vertebral spines; the sca- pular insertion covers the triangular space of that bone. Cuvier, fig. 2, pl. 269, denotes greater expansion of the cucullaris ; and Meckel’s', Macalister's, and Galton's observations substantiate its duplicity in Dasypus. The latter writer, in admitting two factors=“ les portions occipitale et dorsale ” of Cuvier, notes that the first arose from the neck for five inches behind the occiput, and without clavieular fastening was inserted along the sca- pular spine; the second had attachments from the third dorsal rearwards to the lumbar region. He describes (J. c. p. 527) moreover an “ acromio-basilar”” muscle, stretching from supraocciput to the metacromial process (Parker); this is Cuvier's “ portion cer- vicale " of the trapezius, and also regarded as an accessory division thereof by Meckel dc. This last differentiated segment is analogous to a small roundish muscle met with by me in Tolypeutes. It sprang from the back of the skull, outside the rhomboideus capitis, and, running parallel with it, terminated in the said acromial projection. Accord- ing to Macalister?, in the Armadillo, with a clavicular insertion, the above acromio-basilar strip of Galton is a levator clavicule or trachelo-acromial (omo-atlantie, Haug "iibi — vico-humeral, Humphry). "This decision, as regards Tolypeutes, I might acquiesce in, a clavicular levator otherwise seemingly not being differentiated ; but Galton specially dis- tinguishes the presence of acromio-basilar and levator clavicule in the same specimen. 1 French trans. vol. vi. p. 222. * « Myology of Bradypus,” l.c. p. g^ 2 108 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. In Chlamydophorus a condition of the cucullaris similar to that in Dasypus ob tains, E also the additional part (=acromio-basilar P). Hyrtl (7. c. p. 33) suggests the name of « capitis extensores ” to the planes in question, and afterwards shows the rhomboidej and levator scapulee are much as I shall describe. : bieno 1 1 ۱ Rhomboidei.—The anterior of these, that to which r. capitis! is applicable, Springs by a strong tendon from the back of the neck, and, at first fleshy and round, thiekens and broadens as it goes backwards to be fastened into the supraspinous fossa between the metacromial process and the anterior scapular angle. It lies entirely outside the inser. tion of the protractor of the movable zones, and in its course it crosses the spinous and other muscles of the neck. Rhomboideus major and minor are united, and at their origin (second to fifth dorsal vertebre) they are intimately connected with the longissimus dorsi. They have an insertion upon the scapula, its surface and vertebral border of spine, except so much as is occupied by the serratus magnus, ۲ Equally in the three- and many-banded Armadilloes and the Chlamydophorus there is no trace of an omohyoid. | The splenius in Tolypeutes is very long and narrow, but of tolerable bulk. By short tendons it springs from the second, third, and fourth dorsal spines, and by a single small but moderately strong tendon is fixed to the paramastoid (?) behind the meatus auditorius externus. Assimilation of splenius capitis and colli obtains in Chlamydophorus ; and the next pair, as in Tolypeutes, are separate. There is a fulness in the first of these, the complexus major, which arises from five anterior dorsal and two or three of the posterior cervicals, being occipitally attached anteriorly; the other, complexus minor, comes from the cervical transverse processes, and cranially is lodged beneath the tendon of the splenius. | | The deep, short muscles of the back of the neck are fleshy, and altogether form a defined V-shaped area between axial spine and occiput. "Though partially coaleseed, the usual divisions can be traced. The rectus capitis anticus major is mesially tendinous, outwardly fleshy, and with. oblique fibres. Anteriorly it is adherent to the basiocciput, about the middle lies on the outer margins of the cervicals, and posteriorly enters the eavity of the chest to the third dorsal body. There is a smaller, i. e. r. c. a. minor, with normal attachments. A representative of longus colli reaches from the second to sixth ceryicals ; its inner possesses oblique, its outer moiety longitudinal fibres . | Whether owing to nuchal semi-anchylosis or related to the disposition of transverse processes and considerable calibre of the cervical plexus of nervés, &c., a scalenus anticus is deficient ; and what trifling development of muscle there is appears to be homologous ی‎ den d mayhap, in addition, the s. medius of Man—an opinion enter- y Hy . €. ). i | p ot اي‎ oan I need ‚alone repeat the fact that the authors 50 en clei a ae x 2 ously 1n genera of the Armadillo tribe separation m VM atte Negeri = With a greater clavicular breadth of the former, ans 9۹ | ter to the cartilage at the sternal end of the clavicle, This is the oceipi seeipito-scapular segment of Galton, Macalister, and others, and'in part levator. scapule of Hyrtl. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 109 Galton’s' graphic description of the condition and relations extant in D. 6-cinctus answer admirably to Zolypeutes. | - The most interesting point is the Y-shaped elongation from opposite sides of the inner divisions to the xiphoid. What relation does it bear to the anomalous variety in human myology the so-called ‘musculus sternalis, ‘prasternalis,’ ‘rectus sternalis, ‘ ster- nalis brutorum ’ and ‘thoracicus’ of various anatomists? Professor Turner’s observa- tions? and historical account embrace complete argument on the question. He himself, with others, considers it a remnant of panniculus carnosus, as opposed to opinions advanced of its being an upward continuation of the rectus abdominis, a downward extension of sternomastoid, a muscle sw generis, or mayhap allied to the supra- or sterno-costalis. From a study of the data, I am inclined to hold a middle view. In the human subject it may retain a special name in favour of its variable nature and possible junction of two different muscles and layers. To my mind Turner’s excellent delinea- tions &c. prove that it has nothing to do with the supracostales (primus and secundus *), whose plane is deeper and direction of fibres nearly at right angles. Again, it cannot be confounded with rectus, since the latter, when produced to the foremost ribs (whether by aponeurosis or otherwise), passes beneath the supracostal*. Its transitory con- nexions to the pectoralis major and obliquus externus none have advocated as supporting its claim to be a production of either; nor do I think there are good grounds to justify such an assumption. It.may be admitted as unique in Man, forasmuch as it fre- quently conjoins sternomastoid and external oblique &c.; but this by no means implies absence of its representative elements in animals. On the contrary, by its very irre- gularity is its composition best evinced. Where alone developed inferiorly (posteriorly, “origin” of Turner), it is a true homologue and rudiment of the panniculus ) thoraco- facien " of Cuvier), as Hallet, Turner, and Galton surmise; but its superior end, in rela- tion to sterno-mastoid, does offer similarity to the rearward prolongation of that muscle existing in Tolypeutes and other forms—to wit, the opinion held by Bourienne, Thiele, and Henle. The difficulty thrown out by Wilde and Turner of its lying on a plane beneath the platysma myoides strengthens rather than weakens its tegumentary character; for in many mammals (I may specify the Manatee) an almost distinct sheet of the general robe of the panniculus starts from over the sternum, passes forwards beneath the trans- verse platysmal fibres en route to the malar arch. The latter anatomist’s cases, figs. 4, 5, and 6, are those that best uphold continuity with sternomastoid ; but should it be shown hereafter that in verity, tendon or otherwise, it goes superficial to, and does not become thoroughly fused with, the manubrial extremity of the sternomastoid, then undoubtedly the musculus sternalis is none other than a remnant of the lower mammalian cutaneous sheet. ead dome! i * L. e. p. 527, and “Extremities of Orycteropus capensis,” Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 568, fig. 1, tab. 45. * * On the Musculus Sternalis," Journ. of Anat. & Phys. vol. i. p. 246, pl. xii. 3 Although the supracostal in animals is ordinarily single, yet a pair on each side are occasionally met with, Witness Lemur catta, > Anat. of the Lemuroidea,” Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. vii. p. 51, pl. iv. fig. 12. + In Bourienne's solitary case mentioned in footnote p. 250 (Turner, l c.), instancing continuity of rectus and sternalis, may this not have been a development of supracostal in apparent, not real, continuity with rectus? , 110 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Serrati.— The s. magnus is strong. Attachments nine anterior ribs, transverse pro: cesses of two or three postcervicals, and, as usual, scapula. There does not appear to be an s. postieus superioris ; and the s. posticus inferioris might be taken for a continua. tion of the latissimus dorsi. It arises by fascicular tendons from the metapophyses of the last three dorsal and 1st lumbar vertebr& ; and its muscular insertion is into the 3rd and 4th hindmost ribs. Dasypus 6-cinctus has a double s. magnus, one to lst and 2nd ribs, the other to 3rd to 6th coste (Galton); Chlamydophorus 8 front ribs, and united to levator scapule (Hyrtl). The Latissimus dorsi and dorsi epitrochlear muscles bear intimate relations. One sheet of this associated duplex muscle is interwoven with the rhomboidei and with the posterior serratus, and comes from the 6th to 9th dorsal spines. As it winds over the posterior angle and the scapula, its fibres become distinct from those of the rhomboidei, and have an attachment to the inferior (posterior) border of the scapula, at the middle blending with the scapular head of the triceps; thence it descends to the olecranon region and fascia beyond. The second division springs fleshy from the posterior border of the scapula, in junction with the teres major; but it also derives origin from the thorax, 5th to 2nd ribs near their sternal ends. It is continued out to the shaft of the humerus, terminating in a strong tendon. Described at greater length, and comprising lumbar fascia, the above pair of muscles are essentially alike in Dasypus and Chlamydophorus', Cuvier's figures? are in concord with Galton’s observations’. Huxley's memoranda I append as a footnote *. | 6. Muscles of the Fore Quarters. Pectorales.—From its comparatively great length, the p. major would seem to have more retractile than adducting power. It extends abdominally half an inch behind the xiphoid cartilage, there narrow and tapering. It reaches forwards to the manubrium, but is meagre in costal attachment, though fastened to the inner clavicular cartilage and bone for about a third of its length. Its tendinous insertion is the inner edge of the prominent deltoid process, fascia continuing to the forearm. What may constitute a deep layer of the preceding, or, as lief, a pectoralis minor, is a long narrow strip, with an origin from the 5th and 6th sternal ribs. In trending outwards and forwards, it goes over the surface of the biceps, and there, weak and tenuous, is fastened in part on its tendon, while some fibres continue upwards towards the shoulder-joint. The preceding condition answers well to what is recorded of the pectorales in Chlamydophorus. Huxley assigns a wide clavicular origin to the p. major in Dasypus sexcinctus, and describes à Hyrtl, l c. p.33. He terms the two divisions “ vertebral et costal.” * Recueil, pls. 259, 260. 2 L.c. p. 531 4 8 x 1 The notes of Prof. Huxley's dissection of D. sexcinctus run thus :—“ The latissimus dorsi has an extraordinary origin by a broadness of fibres, which arise near the junction of the sternal and vertebral ribs, interdigitating Wib — those of th تور‎ ۱ * serratus and external oblique—and an ordinary origin, which is exceedingly extensive, and where the E Nec and میا‎ connected with the angle of the scapula. These latter are for the most part ery large ‘dorsi epitrochlear, which passes down on the back of the arm as a sort of accessor} extensor, and is inserted : : ۱ muscles, and is etch id ^ the fascia covering the olecranon, and partly into that which covers the u (MS. Lectures, 1865.) e palm. The rest M the muscle goes to the ordinary insertion into the hen fibres converge, DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 111 ‚minor—that also referred to by Meckel, but which doubtless is the subclavius’, Cuvier's sketches rather reciprocate my determination. Galton’s observation, echoed by Macalister, points to absence of a p. minor and of clavicular origin to the p. major. The ensiform origin in the “Tatu” Meckel ascribed as influencing respiration during the rolling up of the body”. In Tolypeutes it doubtless deflects the xiphoid segment, but that to give stowage-room to the abdominal viscera, the assistance to respiratory function probably being a sequence. A distinct subclavius arises from the expanded end of the first rib, close to the sternum. It passes under the clavicle, is connected to that bone and to the deep cervical fascia, being finally inserted upon the tendinous arch between the coracoid and acromion. Hyrtl recognizes it in his monograph *; but it has been mistaken by others, as mentioned, for a p. minor, though Galton has correctly appreciated its character‘. There is a supracostalis derived from the sternal end of the 1st rib ; thence it covers the outer halves of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th sternal ribs, extending beyond to the 5th, 6th, and 7th by a thin glistening fascia. This, the sterno-costal muscle of Cuvier, I presume is the rectus thoracicus lateralis of Macalister’. With the latter author, however, I do not agree in recognizing it as a prolongation of the rectus abdominis. . In its oblique inward diagonal direction to that muscle, the fact that the rectus in many instances runs beneath it with quite a separate first costal fastening, and the occasional presence of a second external supracostal, we have similitude to additional though abnormal scaleni, or to deep pectorales, rather than to extension and differentiation of the abdominal rectus. Humeral Extensors.—The deltoid has an extensive origin, partly from the outer half of the clavicle, partly from the acromion process and scapular spine to its expansion, thereafter mingling with the dorsal fascia. Fleshy below, it is fastened to the outer humeral. neck and deltoid process, excepting what is occupied by the pectoralis-major tendon. The scapular head of the triceps is very broad, one border, as already stated, intermingling with dorsi epitrochlear. Its olecranal insertion is extensive, according therefore with the enlargement of this ulnar process. The long humeral division of the muscle is smaller than the preceding ; and the third shorter head has origin below the teres major. Besides what may be regarded as an anconeus externus, there is a well- marked and fleshy representative of an anconeus internus, the “ epitrochleo-anconeus " of Prof. Wenzel Gruber’. The presence of the latter in D. 6-cinctus is attested by Cuvier* and Galton”. ' MS, Hunterian Lectures. 2 French ed. tom. vi. p. 372. > p.32. ٩ L. c.p. 528. * Ann, Mag. N. H. July 1869, p. 55. * Recueil, pl. 260 u’. * Loc. cit. p. 539, pl. 44. fig. 2, x A. i * Mém. d. 1, Acad. Sci. d. St.-Pétersb. tom. x. 1867. In his dissertation on this anomalous anconeus in Man and ‚ animals, Gruber specially depicts that of the Three-banded Armadillo (Dasypus tricinctus), tab. ii. fig. 3, in u dissec- tion of the right axilla and fore limb. He has given a full description of the same (p. 20), which I quote at length in his own words :—“ Bedeckunglage.—Der muskel ist von dem latissimus dorsi kommenden anconeus fleischig be- deckt. Er liegt zwischen dem triceps brachii, dem nur mit einem kopfe von der ulna entspringenden ulnaris internus und dem epitrochl tspri den muskeln im suleus epitrochleo-anconeus über den nervus ulnaris und über einen von der medialen fläche des olecranon entspringenden 6 lin. breiten und 3-4 lin. breiten fleischkopf des flexor digi- 112 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. The scapular muscles offer little, if any, variation from the recorded examples of Dasypus, Tatusia, and Chlamydophorus. The subscapularis reaches but does not go beyond the ossified cartilage. The supraspinatus .slightly overlaps the bone at the neck, and at its vertebral end fills the fossa, save what space pertains to the rhomboideus capitis and protractor of the first movable zone. Like the above, the infraspinatus has an ordinary humeral insertion. As the teres major starts from the inferior posterior border of the downward projecting scapular angle, it is in close junction with the second division of the latissimus ; its humeral insertion is below and deeper than the latter. There is a rudimentary teres minor. ` Of humeral flexors, the biceps is double-headed, its scapular tendon strong compared with the coracoid one. The powerful distal tendon glides in the lower humeral grooye and over the coronoid process to the pit beneath, the coronoid eminence acting as a fulerum in flexion. In Dasypus both singleness and duplicity of origin and. insertion have been met with by different observers *, the neck of the radius receiving a share of the terminal tendon. Chlamydophorus has a biceps agreeing best with that of Tolypeutes: I find the coraco-brachialis to be single, with a usual origin in conjunction with the biceps. . It has but a moderately fleshy belly, and a very slender insertion upon the inner condyle over the supracondyloid arch, therefore equivalent to the coraco- brachialis longus of Prof. John Wood ?. This condition is that mentioned by Meckel vin the Tatu, and similarly figured by Cuvier in D. 6-cinctus—though Galton“, with whom Macalister coincides, describes a second head of origin (short variety of Wood) in the latter species. "The flat, strong brachialis anticus comes from behind the humeral neck, eurves forwards below the deltoid bridge, and terminates by tendon in the coronoid pit of the ulna, along with but outside the biceps. A single supinator muscle alone is indicated, this in itself being indefinite. Some fascia with obscure fleshy fibrille comes from below the brachialis anticus, and appears to go to the radial neck. Both s. longus and s. brevis are deficient in Chlamydophorus; but in Dasypus a muscle better developed but with similar relations to that in Tolypeutes obtains. Huxley and others regard it as a supinator brevis. EI “rum proftndus. hinübergespannt, Gestalt.—Der muskel hat eine dreiseitig pyramidale gestalt mit einer medialen و‎ hintern fläche. Grösse.—Der. muskel hat eine länge von 1 z.; eine breite von 2 lin. am ursprunge e lin. an der insertion; eine dicke von 3 lin. muskel ist der absolut dickste der bis jetzt untersuchten thiere.. و‎ bep entspringt mit einer kurzen und sehr starken sehne vom epitrochleus, aber mit keiner ver- a e die — — des canalis supracondyloideus humeri darstellenden knochspange an dem ganz ea c, der 1-14 in diske: coracobrachialis zum schnitze des durch. den canal durchtretenden nervus medi- kn er vas. brachialia sich ansetzt. Insertion.—Der muskel inserirt sich an die mediale fläche des olecranot iste Pon longas und zwischen dem anconeus internus und ulnaris internus medianwärts von einem fes خی‎ aim. digitorum profundas) welcher ihn von der ellenbogengelenk-kapsel scheidet mit dem 90 — thieren, di ıaris internus ist der müskel an der insertion-stelle verwachsen. Nerve.— Dieser kommt wie bei andern- n with it سب‎ sd € and Macalister, papers cited; but the latter, with Prof. Haughton, hsm Arma: 0, speci 418a ۱ ' y dea 1887, 9:61. species not certified. Journ. of Anat. 1868, p. 285. : : © L. e; p. 534 3 Anat, Comp. (Paris) vol. vi. p. 280. 22 , PL 44. figs. 1 & 2 CB cB). and 2 5 ° " $ Lid Des Ate NS MS. notes, dissection of D. 6-cinctus. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 113 Extensores carpi radialis longior et brevior are met with in distinctness. The former, fair-sized, has origin below the supinator, and between it and the external con- dyle. As its distal tendon, at first broadish, narrows inferiorly, it passes over the end of the radius, and is inserted upon the protuberant internal knuckle and top of the trapezio- trapezoid bone. The latter, second muscle is more compressed, and starts by tendon from the external condyle, but ends by a fleshy insertion on the outer edge of the radius to about the middle of the bone. With unity of belly, the carpo-radial extensor in the six-banded Armadillo is provided with two terminal tendons, one to the indicial metacarpal, the other to the third metacarpal'. In Chlamydophorus an indicial ten- dinous insertion is alone mentioned. The extensor communis digitorum is derived equally from the external condyle and the intermuscular fascia. It divides into a pair of tendons above the wrist-joint. The broader and much the stronger one supplies the enlarged middle digit, the lesser goes to the fourth or outer digit, both being partially fastened to the powerful rigid claws as well as the bone. Hyrtl, in Chlamydophorus, and Meckel and Galton, in Dasypus, state that the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digits receive tendons, the latter authority figuring’ two oblique phalangeal intercommunieations ; whilst Huxley alludes to a tendinous expansion on the back of the manus. There is a smaller muscle arising from the external condyle outside the common extensor. It passes separately to the outer groove on the back of the distal extremity of the ulna, previously splitting into two unequal-sized tendons. The smaller and shorter goes to the outside of the fourth digit. The larger inner one has a double insertion, viz. broadly into the top of the root of the fourth toe, and by a narrower tendon on the outside of the great clawed third toe. Besides attachment to the carpo- metacarpal fascia, the latter is in connexion with an inner recurrent tendon fixed to the ex. communis. No slip was sent on to the third digit in the opposite left limb. The above evidently represents an extensor minimi, and in part an e. medius digiti. Besides the foregoing, an extensor indicis is present. This hasan ulnar and interosseo-membranal origin, and it sends a flat tendon on to the terminal phalanx of the inner second digit. There is, moreover, an extensor ossis metacarpi, but no extensor primi and secundi internodi. The former of these three comes from the upper outer surface of the ulna below the olecranon, and partly from the interosseous membrane. 1t winds round the radius, arching over the long radio-carpal extensor, and is inserted into the trapezium. : In the 6-banded Armadillo, Galton’ carefully registers and figures :—an ex. minimi digiti, with a single tendon to the metacarpal and proximal phalanx of the outer digit ; an ex. annularis, with tendon bifurcating to proximal phalanx of 4th and ungual phalanx of 5th digit; an ex. indicis, with a large tendon to the index and a e ^d the pollux; an ex. o. m. pollicis, terminating on the radial side of the pollicial meta- carpal. Compared with these observations, 2 slight variation in absence of pollicial tendon to the ex. indicis and of ex. o. m. pollicis is what Meckel* avers of the Tatu. 4 L. c. fig. 5, pl. 44. 4 Anat. Comp. (French ed.) vol, vi. p. 326. Q * Galton as cited. * L.c. pp. 542, 543, and figs. 1 and 2. VOLS XYX. 114 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. As showing a certain agreement in the Chlamydophorus, Hyrtl” speaks of a “ radialis externus" to the indicial metacarpal, an “extensor digiti quarti et quinti,” and an « ius digiti minimi." ay pec Aunt longus of considerable size, with an inner condylar and inter. muscular fascial derivation, and firmer connexion with the flexor muscles beneath. Its tendon, placed well to the inner aspect of the limb, ends in a powerful palmar fascia, which, fastened to the sesamoid ossicle, spreads more thinly over nearly the entire palm, ending in slips to the middle and outer toes. Excepting the slight division in this pal. maris, there are no true perforated tendons to the digits. "The termination of the radial nerve is intimately adherent to the fascia, as alluded to in the description of the brachial plexus. What I may term palmaris brevis, but which, more strictly speaking, represents a flexor brevis manus?, has rather a fleshy derivation from the superficies of the palmar ossicle; and it divides into two slips ending in tendons, one on either side of the inner- most or second digit. Huxley (MS.) hints separation of a palmaris longus inserted - into the fascia of the manus; but other observers speak of its complete fusion with the flexor sublimis in Dasypus. The flexor carpi ulnaris possesses an olecranal origin and insertion into the pisiform bone. The flexor carpi radialis is smaller, and with a much shorter belly, than the preceding. Its lower tendon commences about opposite the upper end of the lower third of the radial shaft, and, going behind the styloid process, lies in a groove in the scaphoid and is ultimately inserted into the trapezio-trapezoid bone. In apposition with the radial flexor, a representative of pronator radii teres is derived from the inner condyle and inter- muscular fascia. Its widish tendon of insertion occupies the third lower quarter of the 7 shaft of the radius upon its internal aspect. As regards these three muscles in the genera Dasypus, Tatusia, and Chlamydophorus there is no distinction worth mention; and neither in them nor Tolypeutes is there a pronator quadratus. The next muscle or set of muscles includes representatives of flexor sublimis, flexor profundus digitorum, and possibly flexor longus pollicis. Without tearing asunder the fleshy fibres it cannot well be separated above ; at the wrist it divides into several great tendons fixed to the proximal end of the palmar ossicle; and at the further digital extremity three fresh tendons are furnished. Reducing the upper mass to apparent constituents, I resolved these into five. 1. The portion simulating a flexor sublimis is but moderately bulky; it comes from the internal condyle, intermuscular fascia, and — partially adnate fellows, and below forms superficially a strong tendon attached to the inner prominence at the proximal end of the palmar bone. 2. The largest portion of the muscular combination arises from the inner surface of the olecranon and whole of the inside of the ulnar shaft, a short slip moreover springing separately from the internal condyle. a roue v^, which possesses a tendinous exterior, terminates broadly 2 NA u ELLE; superficially its proximal end, except the prominent? the previous division. 3 and 4. Beneath are two small cord-like sips - ' Mem. cited, p. 38, | E * See an account of this muscle bv Mi . ; r T | raris conternng tho palmaris reri in Duet en mie ar DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 115 ending in tendons somewhat fused to the last. They arise chiefly from the sigmoid notch under the first-mentioned museular division. 5. This, the shortest and deepest division, arises from the whole of the interosseous membrane and posterior surface of the shaft of the fibula. It has a more muscular insertion than the others into the entire breadth of the proximal end of the palmar ossicle, but deeper than the foregoing. The palmar bone in question is about 0:5 inch long, 0'3 inch broad at its upper end, where widest, and 0:2 inch in greatest thickness. It is heart-shaped; the proximal end is bifid, or with well- marked tuberosities ; the distal extremity has a blunt apex. Superficially it is convex, but deeply concave or with a longitudinal broad mesial furrow. As already intimated, three tendons are derived from its digital extremity; these proceed respectively to the toes. "The middle one is enormously broad, thick, and cor- respondingly powerful, the others much less so, though strong. Their length bears a ratio to that of the digit, the innermost being longest. In all three toes secondary sesamoid ossicles are developed over the joint at the root of the clawed phalanx ; but the middle tendon alone possesses within its substance an additional tiny sesamoid, which is situate close to the palmar bone. Six most competent anatomists, viz. Meckel, Cuvier, Owen ', Huxley, Macalister, and Galton, have investigated the preceding complex and remarkable muscle in the fore limb of Dasypus. "The account rendered by the last-mentioned author is the most critical in detail, though the French savant's illustrations have an inherent diagrammatie value, and Owen's terse summary catches at the gist of the thing. It appears to me that what is recognized as sublimis includes my long palmar ; and while Cuvier, Owen, and Galton state it to have two, Meckel adds a third pollicial tendon. My 2nd, 3rd, and 4th divisions are Galton’s 1st muscular mass &e. of flex. prof. dig., and Owen's two portions of same. My 5th part more nearly corresponds to Owen's 3rd portion (longus pol- licis) and Galton's 2nd, with its accessory parts. Five terminal tendons are given off from the palmar ossicle. Allowing for difference of dietion and homological relation of parts, it results that this compound muscle in Dasypus bears close agreement with that of Tolypeutes, the latter necessarily being deficient in pollieial tendon. In Chlamydophorus the muscular bellies are a counterpart of the preceding, Hyrtl being in doubt as to division of long palmar and sublimis, the palmar aponeurosis, however, dividing to the four outer digits. Of the tendons derived from the palmar ossicle, he remarks :— * Flexor digitorum brevis, quorum singuli digiti, excepto pollice, binos obtinent." The manner of digital ensheathments and absence of true perforated tendons all these authors less or more agree to. i After having dissected the feet, a mishap befel them ere my notes were duly registered concerning the small deep muscles. I clearly made out strong interossei and other flexores breves. These were fewer in number than specified by Galton in Dasypus ; but in absence of precision I omit further notice of them. 1 «Notes on the Osteology of the Weasel-headed Armadillo,” P. Z. S. 1832, p. 137, and the other writers as already quoted. Q 2 116 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. VII. Or THE SKELETON. After Cuvier' s excellent chapter in his * Ossemens Fossiles' !, wherein the bony frame. work of the Three-banded Armadillo is brought into comparison with others of tá group, Turner's critical summary of characters of Tolypeutes tricinctus’, Owen's notices of osteological specimens in the Hunterian Museum’, Giebel’s article » Where T. conurus is submitted to descriptive analysis, Gray's?, Burmeister's?, and others’ remarks, my instituting a long and minute verbal account of the skeleton wodi be super- fluous. I have preferred to figure most of the bones separately, or in connexion (where relation of segment is concerned), along with a characteristic view of the flexed skeleton. Thus the greater number of parts needful for comparison in a palæontological point of view, are rapidly surveyed and readily comprehended. I limit written material, there- fore, to the more equivocal portions, or such as have hitherto been meagrely dwelt on. 1. Skull and Mandible. inches Extreme length of the cranium و‎ . . a a ee Greatest width (at descending portion of jua) Eit aon Teste SOIN Breadth at the mastoidal region . . ERTL این‎ SOV AE BE LM OL the piste ae ai ae os 0003 18 Each row of teeth in length . . . 1 er Se eee ener Diameter, from the outside of one E to the pus Vs a A The preemaxille in length (superiorly). . M. pola * c cr. E OF Greatest depth of the skull without the mehdible A LL n AE Extreme length of the brain-cavity . . Eu. o3 wo. U ES Its narrowest diameter (at debito ما‎ : oT E Its widest diameter (which applies to magic idi tempor myisi ser O9 Lower jaw in extreme length . Go E E oo ee From the anterior root of dico ramus fedis TEST Haoine ET Height, from tip of coronoid process dropping تن‎ enga LO In the view of the interior base of the skull (fig. 51) a portion of the frontal has been removed, which exposes a large surface of the frontal and maxillary sinuses. These are very extensive, and occupy within a trifle of the cranial breadth at this part. The general direction of the main septa is radial to the ethmoid bone, many transverse and oblique minor partitions to these constituting the distinguishing loculi. Besides these, laterally and in front, there is a very capacious maxillary chamber. This reaches from the front of the zygoma forwards nearly the whole length of the superior maxillary, and it materially produces the skull’s maxillo-frontal breadth. It answers to the antrum of Highmore in humananatomy. At the sides of the thin ethmo-vomerine plate ' Tom. v. * Sur l'Ostéologie des Tatous et de POryctérope.” * * On the Arrangement of the Edentate Mammalia," P. Z. S. 1851, p. 215. * Osteol. Cat. vol. ii. spee. nos. 2297-2315. * “Zur Characteristik der Gürtelthiere,” in Zeitsch. f. d. gesam. Naturwis. (1861), Band. xviii. p. 93. * B. M. Catalogues and « Entomophagous Edentata," P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 379. * * Reise d. La Plata,’ vol. ii., and > Anales d. Mus. Pub. d. Buenos Aires,’ vols. i. meg ii. (various notices). net MEET den nn a Cum E M DR. J. MURIÉ ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 117 (partially visible, fig. 51) are the upper nasal passages, here rather narrow than otherwise. Outside them and in front is the reduced continuation of the frontal cells. The shell of the bone in the entire area spoken of is thin, and remarkably so at some parts. "Thus whatsoever be the office of these air-cells, every provision is made for them, as they claim a major share of the front of the skull. Prof. Gervais's cast in outline of the cranial cavity of Tolypeutes tricinctus (already mentioned) amply characterizes the figure of the interior osseous basal view of that of T. conurus. There is a broad trapezoidal olfactory section, a lengthened slightly forward tapering cerebral or mid division, and a short but wide cerebellar portion. "The level of the first is considerably higher than that of the second and third. The cribriform plate of the ethmoid is completely cellular in structure; the crista galli is thick, rounded, centrally ridged, and with a marked upward and forward inclination, the top being perforated by many foramina. The parietal areas are relatively narrow, vertically high, and impressed with but few and faint sulci. In this specimen the transverse suture between the orbito- and basisphenoid has imperfectly coalesced, leaving a linear fissure ; but, I find, in other genera of the Armadillo its closure is also long delayed. The optic ` foramina, of fair size, pierce the bone in front of the said suture and the sphenoidal fissures at each side. H.N.Turner remarks, as characteristic of the Dasypodide, that “the foramen rotundum is included in the foramen spheno-orbitarium ” (2. c. p. 211); such appears to be the case in Tolypeutes, though in my 7. conurus I may record the presence of a minute foramen midway between the sphenoidal and carotid apertures. Internally this was more notable on the right side; but although I passed a bristle into it almost 0:2 inch, I could detect no exterior aperture. The reverse was the case on the left side, where interiorly an orifice was barely visible even with a magnifier ; but exteriorly, equidistant between the foramen ovale and the sphenoidal cleft, a foramen of some depth existed; but which I could not make out to communicate interiorly. I am left in doubt, therefore, if this be an occluded representative of foramen rotundum. There is a wide and relatively long groove for lodgment of the trunks of the trifacial nerves and the Üasserian ganglion. The foramen ovale is more elliptical antero-posteriorly and further distant from the sphenoidal opening than in the larger-skulled ۵ CE. villosus). The foramen spinosum is not behind the foramen ovale within the skull, as in the last- named genus, but to the inside, and situate between it and the carotid groove, though exteriorly it opens in front of the foramen ovale. The trihedral periotie has a consider- ably forward elongate apex; and the fossa behind the prominence of the semicircular canals (equivalent to the sigmoid groove of the lateral sinus in Man) is excavated deeper fhan in most of the Armadillos. The latter feature tallies with the well-developed floeeulus of the cerebellum. Lower than and one line within the fossa is the scale- covered fissure of the aqueeductus vestibuli ; an emargination of the bone below this, and a trifle in advance, hides the aqueeductus cochlew. The clefts, viz. foramina lacerum, medium, and posterius, are each long and patent; a narrow bar of bone separates the large anterior condyloid foramen from the jugular fossa e * This and the Subsequent descriptive footnotes on the bones of the Apar (Dasypus [Tolypeutes] tricinctus) are Prof. Owen’s own comments attached to the specimens presented to the College of Surgeons by Mr. Charles Darwin 118 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Regarding the exterior configuration of the eranium of Tolypeutes, "Turner, Owen, and Giebel have demonstrated its salient characters, to which l shall only add remarks on the tympanie region, for reasons afterwards to be specified. Those authors justly allude to the laminar, imperfect annular nature of the tympanic, and its differing, there. fore, from that of certain other Armadillo genera. In 7. conurus I find the tympanie to be 3 of a circle (0:25 inch in diameter), deeply grooved on its inner aspect for the reception of the membrana tympani. It is fastened behind to acircumscribed ledge at the fore part of the descending mastoidal element, and, while partially free in circumference, impinges anteriorly and above upon the broad end of the malleus : the latter nearly completes the osseous ring. In the recess at the back of the jaw-articulation a postglenoid foramen leads into the cranial diploé above, a secondary communication opening outside behind the root of the zygoma. At the fore margin of the tympanic, and between it and the glenoid surface, is a considerable-sized oblique opening, with downwardly continued bony groove, which I apprehend to be the Eustachian foramen; for alongside and immediately beneath is a cleft, converted into a tunnel by membrane &e., answering best to the fissura Glaseri. Inward from these is the carotid orifice, all but continuous with the foramen lacerum posterius. Below the tympanie plate a roughened exostosis on the petrosal is apparent; and on removal of the tympanie and auditory ossicles this so-called tympanohyal becomes more con- spicuous. The cochlear prominence is moderate, partly hiding the fenéstra rotunda, the long diameter of this aperture being obliquely towards the anterior condyloid foramen. The fenestra ovalis is situate 01 inch higher. The names of these fenestra are reversely appropriate as regards shape; and the latter is the smaller of the two. Encompassing them rearwards is a well-marked furrow, apparently equivalent to the aqueduet of Fallopius, overarching which is the mastoidal segment. This barely evinces trace of a styloid process, the narrow ledge in its position supporting the tympanic as aforesaid. Above, and close by, however, is a stylo-mastoid foramen; behind, a short nipple- shaped mastoid process, posterior and at the root of which a large mastoid foramen obtains. Of the small ear-bones, the malleus has an expanded trihedral base, tenuous centrally, and thicker at the margins; that on the right side in this specimen possessed an outward after his return from the voyage ofthe* Beagle? Iam notaware of their having been published in a separate paper; and as, disjoined in the Osteologieal Catalogue, they are likely to eseape the notice of writers, I here append them in a somewhat connected form. Affixed to the quotations are the numbers of the specimens in the said vol. ii., transposed, however, to the regional distribution of the bones, and not numerically consecutive. Skull. “ The jam ced is a distinct lamina of bone bent in a half circle; the membrane connecting its inner and under border with the lower part of the petrosal is not ossified so as to form a continuous tympanic bulla as in the D. peba. The mastoid is also distinct, is perforated by a vein from the lateral sinus, and terminates below in the usual N Thate - ga paroccipital, The lachrymal is large, and forms a triangular plate upon the face outside the orbit. The alisphenoids join the parietal ; the chief expansion of the skull is for the lodgment of the large olfactory pes There are two small prenasal ossicles. "There are no teeth in the premaxillary bones, but nine on each side the maxillaries, and the same number on each side of the lower jaw” (2307). DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 119 apical (capitular) recess. The long process curves round the tympanic ring. The handle presents its thin edge to the tympanie membrane, and is bent sharply downwards and obliquely forwards. The incus has a more bulbous body, its limbs wide apart; the stapes appears to be perforated. 2. The Spine, Chest, and Pelvis. According to my computation there are 7 cervical, 11 dorsal, 4 lumbar, 12 sacral, and 11 caudals in 7. conurus,=a total of 45 vertebrz. Prof. Giebel, in the same species, mentions (7. c. p. 102) that there are 7 to the neck, 14 to the back, of which 11 bear coste (dorsal), and 3 ribless (lumbar), 3 more, attached to the ilium ; 3 free follow these, and another 3 are attached to the ilium, behind which are 2 longer ones (in all 11 sacral), ' followed by the encased tail-vertebre, the number of which he does not state. The subjoined footnote' contains Owen's annotations on the spine of T. trieinetus in the * Vertebre and Pelvis. Atlas.—'* It has no large transverse processes; the sides of the vertebra appear to be truncate ; they present near the back part a rudiment of a parapophysis and diapophysis. The side of the vertebra is perforated anterior to them, and leads to a canal which bifurcates, one branch terminating within the neural arch, above the articulation for the condyle, and the other perforating the neural arch. There is also a foramen at the back part of the hæmal arch, above the articular surface for the odontoid. There is no spine either above or below the vertebral ring " (2308). Cervicals and Dorso-lumbar.—“ The spine of the third cervical has completely coalesced with that of the dentata, which is thick and high, but more extended forwards than backwards. The spine of the fourth cervical is applied toits back part. The neural arches of the suceeeding cervieals have no spines, but form thin transverse bars of bone, which in the middle are incomplete above the fifth and sixth cervicals, upon which the antecedent vertebrae are strongly bent backwards. Their bodies are extremely broad in proportion to their length or antero-posterior diameter. The articular bed for the head and tubercle of the first dorsal rib is contributed to in equal shares by the last cervical and first dorsal vertebre. Ten vertebra show the impression of the articulation of the head of the rib in addition to the first dorsal; and the neurapophyses of these eleven dorsal vertebrae are directly perforated by the spinal nerves, The articulation for the last rib is as equally divided between the two contiguous vertebrw as is that of the first rib. The prominence supporting the artieular surface for the head of the rib answers to the ‘parapophysis,’ just as the prominence supporting the articulation for the tubercle of the rib represents the ‘diapophysis.’ The prominence in the first lumbar vertebra which articulates with the under part of the anapophysis of the last dorsal, repeats or tallies with the prominence in that dorsal which articulates with the head of the last rib: it is therefore a * parapophysis.’ The diapophysis projects, as in the dorsal vertebrae, from the upper and outer part of the base of the short and thick anapophysis ; and this anapophysis presents, as in other Armadillos, two articular surfaces, one above for the under part of the metapophysis, another below for the upper part of the parapophysis. Thus the vertebre are interlocked by tenon and mortice joints, as Cuvier has described ; but it is by distinct parts of the vertebrz from those which form the corresponding joints in the backbone of serpents ” (2297). Sacrum and Pelvis.— The sacrum includes 12 vertebra, the spines of which unite to form a continuous bony crest. The anterior tuberosities of the ilia and the posterior tuberosities of the ischia are distinct epiphyses in this young specimen ; the former are supported by the metapophyses of the first sacral vertebra, which also develops laterally wo articular parapophyses. Ossification has not so far advanced as to unite the pubic bones together at the symphysis. The posterior sacral vertebrae present the same remarkable breadth which charaeterizes the other species of the genus Dasypus” (2298). À Caudals.— The transverse processes are long, broad, and depressed, with their outer ends Swollen into a Fügous kind of exostosis, The hemal spines of the last five vertebree present a similar modification at their extremities, Which relates to the attachment of the dermal bony sheath of the tail. Metapophyses begin to be developed upon 120 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Hunterian Museum; but as to the numbers of vertebree in the said specimens I make out the formula to be C. 7, D. 11, L. 4, S. 12, C. 12 — 46. Baron Cuvier long ago enunciated of the neck of the —— " Laxis ne fait déjà qu'un avec la troisiéme dans de trés-jeunes sujets ; avec läge - quatri&me s'y unit également, et probablement dans les vieux cette union va plus loin " (Oss. Foss, ۲۰ 131). Giebel alludes to T. conurus as having 2nd, 3rd, and 4th soldered ; and such I found the condition in my specimen. Both body and processes of 2nd and 3rd were completely fused; but whilst the body and lateral processes were adnate in the 4th, the neural arch to a certain extent was free. Owen’s observations in other respects apply to the cervical series of my different species. What he says further concerning the dorsal and lumbar vertebre holds good, though I may add a few words by way of appendix to his and Giebel's descriptions. . A notable feature in the spine of the Three-banded Armadillo is variation of angle and curve; these are partly of a permanent kind. The 1st to the 5th neck-vertebra, under ordinary circumstances, have a decidedly upward tilt. Those vertebrz hinging upon 5th and 6th are freely movable upwards and downwards as a whole, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th being totally rigid between themselves. The 6th cervical has but little freedom, and 7th still less: the two form the promontory of an angle dividing the neck from the tho- racic cavity. The bodies of the three foremost dorsal vertebrae are inclined almost perpendieularly to the long axis of the spine; and the succeeding dorsals continue on- wards to the loins by a sweeping curve which is on a less or more horizontal plane. Thence the pelvis forms a great arch, its hinder end nearly assuming the vertical, which is completed by the armour-clad tail. The caudals, in contrast to the cervicals, flex downwards and forwards. : Among the extinct Hoplophoride or Glyptodontes (notably the genus Panochthus of Burmeister and Hoplophorus of Lund) there obtains a most unusual anchylosis of three vertebre—to wit, the so-called “ trivertebral bone ” of Huxley. By him it is regarded as a union of the 7th cervical and two foremost dorsals. Burmeister, on. the other hand, contended that it was three anterior dorsal vertebra in union, although this authority in his later memoirs seems to have modified his opinion in favour of the former view. Itis highly interesting, then, to find in Tolypeutes an approach to the unique condition exhibited by those old armour-plated giants in this particular, furthermore to trace in the living three-banded Armadillo evidence of two other peculiarities of the fossil forms, viz. a partial ginglymoid jointing in the lumbar region, and a synovial articulation betwixt manubrium and first mesosternal piece. The condition of the parts certainly is not precisely like that of the fossil genera; still one may assume that what obtains is first stage of anomaly. Perchance it may help to explain difficulties as regards trunk- psg bn the extinct solid cuirassed forms, or at least strengthen the clue to affinities and habits, D 7 the tw 1 مهن‎ aras end continue after the anterior zygapophyses have disappeared on the seventh caudal yses ated to the interspaces between the second and third, and so on, to the seventh caudal vertebre inclusive, and in the following y : ۱ ttened : erteb ا‎ and expanded beneath ” (2308), ebræ are directly articulated to the under part of the poro ; Myr DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 121 As respects the representative of the Glyptodon **trivertebral bone” in Tolypeutes, the body of the last cervical is firmly soldered to the first dorsal. An intervertebral line of demarcation is barely appreciable except at the outer margins. Between the lamine a delicate fissure can in part be traced. The spinous processes are separate, the cervical only impinging against the root of the dorsal; indeed in this case the fragile diminutive 7th cervical spine was broken off during manipulation, whereby an incomplete arch is shown in my plates. Of the two vertebre in question their transverse processes and associated articular facets are alone apart. The cervical transverse process is slightly thelonger of the two, bears a trace of bifurcation, and appears to have no vertebral foramen at its foot as has the vertebra in front of it (i. e. 6th cervical) The body of the 2nd dorsal, while closely adnate to the 1st, exhibits a shade less of anchylosis than be- tween the latter and 7th cervical. Its long neural spine is free, and rakes backwards like that immediately preceding it. Separation between the 2nd and 3rd dorsals is more marked; and, as far as I could make out, the fore thoracic flexion takes place betwixt them. The remaining dorsals have thin intervertebral cartilages, and but very slightly play upon each other. A small, backwardly extending, tuberous ridge on each side of the inferior surface of the body of the 2nd lumbar announces the presence of hemapophysial elements, which otherwise are wanting in the spinal column, save the tail. The final lumbar vertebra is firmly anchylosed to the sacrum and ilia; the penultimate is securely fastened to that behind, but without osseal adherence. Between the 8rd and 2nd there is, on the con- trary, such freedom of movement that the ,pelvic region flexes upon this intervertebral space in an up-and-down direction, equivalent, in fact, to a kind of ginglymoid arti- culation. What I have termed the psoas ligaments, fastened anteriorly to the hemal processes, are the lower stays of this restricted lumbar joint. The first and, indeed, second lumbar act somewhat in unison with the posterior dorsals, so far as angular tilt of the dorsal lumbar region is concerned. In my specimen ossific union had taken place between the tuberosities of the ischium and the transverse processes of the last sacral vertebra. The final sacral and 1st Caudal parts act upon each other as a ginglymus ; and the solid armoured tail (as one indivisible piece), in bending downwards and forwards, carries with it the posterior arciform and inflected apical portions of the pelvic shield (vide figs. 8, 9 & 35). In other words, while the pelvis and its superincumbent shield descends, its posterior short ineurved arch assumes a horizontal position, the rounded teceral plate of the root of the tail fitting into the semilunar cavity on the lower surface of said arch and terminal border of carapace. There further results a ligamentous union between the tips of the transverse processes of the 2nd caudal and the pelvic shield, and between the latter and ischial tuberosities. Again, the first moves freely upon the second caudal with its rearward less Yielding successor ; the transverse processes of the two former as well as of the last sacral possess sliding articular facets. "Thus the 1st caudal in some respects resembles a crum; and, what between the one and the other ligamentous bindings, that remarkable inversion of the tail and forward sweep of the terminal border of the pelvic shield is accomplished, ۱ | VOL. XXx, R 122 | DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Pelvic admeasurements. Length from anterior spinous process of ilium to tuberosity of ischium in a straight line Ba Length from anterior spinous process of Hn to obturator edge of acetabulum Nx 90 Length from ilio-pectineal eminence (a acera buran) to — pubo-ischial tuberosity 1:3 Greatest vertical depth, viz. a line from sacral spine to symphysis pubis . . . . . , Narrowest exterior diameter, viz. behind anterior iliac processes (which are a trifle wider). 0:85. - Widest outward diameter, at front edge, rim of the acetabulum . . . . . . . . . 17% Width from spine to spine adjoining the lesser sciatic-foramen notches . . . . . . 145 Diameter taken across the tuberosities of the ischium . . . . . . . . . . . . 17% Vertical or conjugate diameter of the brim of the pelvis . . . . s . . . . . م‎ 17 Transverse diameter or same . و‎ + + s+ + ett eee, 10 The oblique diameter (sacro-iliac synchondrosis to opposite outer pubic brim) . . . . 16 From the pubis to the spine of posterior ischio-pubie outlet . . . . . . . . .' . 14 ‘The nar OF ischial diameter of the same . . —. . نج‎ a vt... 221.7 DD ZEE Greatest oblique diameter of posterior pelvic outlet . . . . . . . . تم‎ . . . . 15 The outline of the brim of pelvisis somewhat egg-shaped, the symphysial being rather wider than the sacral end. The posterior or ischio-pubic outlet, a segment of an oval in figure, is considerably wider and shorter. The slender symphysis pubis is a wide low bridge of bone, with distinct centres of ossification from the outspread descending limbs ofthe areh. Another point I may as lief note is the presence of a double tuberculous elevation (sp, fig. 35) immediately adjoining what represents an abortive lesser sciatic notch. ۱ The strong flat and broad first ribs are so firmly fastened to the manubrium as almost to restriet this costo-sternal arch to short antero-posterior movement during the respiratory aet. There is not absolute anchylosis, as M. Nodot! and subsequent writers affirm is the case in Glyptodon ; but it is possible that, as age advances, a true bony union may also result in Tolypeutes. Withal it is but a grade of solidification; for otherwise, as concerns respiration &c., the functional effects must have a certain identity. The 2nd rib has a long ossified costal cartilage (sternal rib), which arti- eulates laterally with the manubrium. The succeeding four ribs, with increased and wide arching, possess proportionally very lengthened sternal appendices. These latter are almost entirely true bone, the semicartilaginous part being that attached to the ribs— and by a synovial joint, as Parker? has shown in Tatusia, Xenurus, and Dasypus. During the rolling-up action of the body the six anterior (true) ribs and inner segments have a tendency to be huddled together and override. Asa provision, the sternal pieces are widest outwards; and between each other there exists an articular facet. The sternal appendix of the 7th (foremost false) rib is united by bone inwardly to the 6th. The last (11th) rib is longer than the lst, and distinguished from it and the 2nd by being. ۱ straighter. : ; Each piece of the breast i -bone has an interest attached to it; and as a chain of bones their construction is ad ; ۱ mirably adapted to the modified positions which the animal * Comptes Rendus, 28th Aug. 1855, and Mém. de Acad. E | i * Ray Soc, Monog. 1868, “ Shoulder e 1 Acad. Imp. de Dijon, tom. v. 1857 -girdle and sternum," p. 205, pl. xxiii. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 123 assumes. There appear to be five bony segments in all, a number less by one than in most Armadillo genera. The anterior and posterior are fair-sized, the intermediate ossicles small, the 4th especially so. The stout manubrium (preesternum) is slightly keeled, emarginate anteriorly, or with short clavicular forks. Besides articulations for 1st and 2nd ribs, there are additional facets at the rear outer border for the 3rd ribs— further a slightly concave articular surface, which receives the convexity of the second piece (mesosternum). This opisthoccelous sternal joint corresponds to the Glyptodon condition, commented on by M. Serres and others’, and by Serres presumed to be a mechanism concerned in head-retraction. In the embryo Dasypine, however, Parker has proved (l. c. p. 206) that it is the rule rather than the exception. The2nd, 3rd, and 4th sternal bones, each octagonal-figured, diminish serially. "They are articulated synovially with four ribs apiece. The 4th diminutive segment is barely visible ventrally, being partially overlapped by the 6th coste. The xiphoid resembles a flattened caudal vertebra, but with an outspread cartilaginous apex. It freely articulates by a double concave facet upon the posterior tuberous surfaces of the inner ends of the 6th sternal ribs, which meet and exclude opposition with the 4th mesosternal ossicle. The joint is a true ginglymus ; and when the viscera are pressed forwards the xiphoid is thrown down- wards and forwards. 3. Pectoral and Pelvic Limbs. The clavicle is exactly an inch long. It is a thin, uniformly slender rod, with a slight middle forward curve; the inner moiety is flattened towards the ribs, the outer reversely so, or anteroposteriorly compressed. The truncate acromial end is a trifle expanded, the opposite tapering ; and this latter is connected with the manubrium through the interven- tion of a flexible cartilaginous bar, 0-2 inch long. It is mainly the presence of this pliant sternal attachment that determines the great freedom of motion of the scapula &e. The shoulders being thus readily thrust forwards, conveniently permit of packing and infolding of the limbs, consentaneous with curvature of the body. _ My illustrations of the segments of the limbs of T. conurus elicit the characteristic points, and, with Owen’s remarks on T. tricinctus’, supply what is wanting in detail. * Serres, Compt. Rend., May and June 1863; Huxley, Trans. Roy. Soc. 1865 ; Pouchet, Journ. Anat. et Physiol. March 1866 ; Burmeister, Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1866, &c. 2 Fore Leg. Seapula,—* The clavicular half of the long acromion is an epiphysis. a tubercle beneath the glenoid cavity. The suprascapular element is represented by a subtriangular coarsely ossified cartilage attached to the base of the scapula ” (2310). Humerus.—* It is short, thick, strongly eurved, with prominent deltoid and supinator ridges, above the inner condyle” (2300). AManus.—* The four carpal bones of the proximal row are distinct from one another ; TOW has coalesced with the metacarpal of the enormously developed digitus medius. The base of the metacarpal of the index is wedged between that metacarpal, the trapezoides, and the trapezium. The unciform also supports part of the middle metacarpal, as well as the short cubical metacarpus of the fourth finger and the rudiment of that of the fifth. The index digit has three phalanges. The medius and anitularis have each two, and resemble each other in the character of their modifications, although greatly differing in size. The chief peculiarity, however, in this specimen is the very large sesamoid bone developed in the flexor tendons and filling the palmar aspect of the fore R 2 The coracoid is short and obtuse. There is and is perforated the os magnum in the second 124 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. The College-of-Surgeons skeleton, however, differs from the present specimen in the RE four digits to the fore foot, which appears to be the normal number in the AT the distal ends of the tibia and fibula, which are soldered together into a single bony piece, the inferior extremities of the radius and ulna possess each a separate epi- physis. These latter approach and adhere by a thin fibr o-cartilaginous film. The inferior articular facies of the radius is triangular, slightly concave, and with a descend. ing tubercle or styloid process. The radius glides upon the scaphoid and semilunar bones. The ulnar end is oblong, transversely subeompressed ; and its depending semi. lunar articular facet plays in the cuneiform and pisiform trough. The proportionally large pisiform is applied against the cuneiform, so as to exclude the latter from the palm. Trapezium, trapezoides, and os magnum are coalescent, What appears to represent the first two on the dorsum articulates with the scaphoid, indicial metacarpal, and, partially, a corner of the mesial metacarpal. The magnum, anchylosed with the last, chiefly abuts against semilunar and unciform, though a small facet is in contact with the scaphoid. The unciform grasps the outer knuckle of the mid metacarpal, and presents a narrow facet towards the proximal metacarpal of the outer (4th) digit. Posteriorly it is in contact with the euneiform, and, by an angle, touches the semilunar. To its outer margin a longish sesamoid is affixed. On the palmar aspect the os magnum is marked by the more prominent backward extension of the mid metacarpal. ۱ Comparing the foregoing annotation on the manus of the 3-toed animal with Owen's 4-toed specimen (infra), the differences consist only in greater anchylosis of inner meta- carpals, magnum, and trapezio-trapezoid, with entire absence of the 5th digit. It is in a great measure owing to this soldering of the main carpo-metacarpals, thereby producing rigidity, and to the enormous development of palmar sesamoid bone acting as support, brace, or fulerum to the well-knit muscles and broad tendons of the palm, that the animal is empowered to tread upon the very tips of its fore claws. The powerful femur, contrasted with humerus, is noteworthy, though the character is Oe SE A A o foot; a second sesamoid is attached by ligament to the apex of the large palmar one” (2304). “The scaphoid is the smallest of the four bones of the proximal row. The large pisiform articulates to the posterior interspace between the lunare and euneiform, and forms, with the lunare, a large articular cavity, upon which the palmar patella plays. There is no distinct trapezium ; if its homologue exist in rudiment, it is connate with the trapezoides. The magnum has coalesced with part of the base of the great cubical metacarpal of the digitus medius. The outer part of the base of that metacarpal rests upon the unciforme, which also supports the small, but thick, cubical metacarpus of the annularis, and the rudiment of the metacarpal of the minimus. The medius and annularis have each but two pha- langes; the long and slender index retains the normal number of two phalanges” (2312). a Hind Leg. —- er i a on T ی‎ above the base of the third trochanter. There is a small ossification at m dile of the outer semilunar cartilage,- The tibia and fibula are attached at both ends to a similar commo? epiphysis " (2313). Pes.—* The scaphoid is remarkable for its two inferior tuberosities, the interspace between which receives the TE en the entocuneiform bone. The metatarsals and the phalanges of the middle digits are preserved, with ungual phalanx of the innermost one or hallux ” (2305), ۱ DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 125 one belonging to the group rather than a generic distinction. The trochanters are equally large, the 3rd rather low in position. The inner, larger condyle descends furthest. The patella is elongate and narrow. Tibia and fibula are coossified at either extremity. Their proximal articular surface is convex, with a mesial sulcus; their thin distal end biconvex, or with a middle ridge. An external and an internal malleolus are fairly developed. The former fits into a grooved facet on the outer border of the astragalus; the latter clasps the said bone behind. "There is considerable lateral compression of the tibial and fibular shafts. As respects the 5-toed hind foot, departure from the normal type is less obvious than in the manus. The calcaneal process is of medium length, and has a slight inward swerve. The inner border of the naviculare sweeps broadly round the astragalus; and, as Owen observes, its plantar aspect is doubly knuckled. Upon the outer one of these and an inferior tuberose enlargement of the cuboid are two opposing facets and a narrow gutter; in this the deep-keeled surface of the strong plantar sesamoid slides. Subsidiary sesamoid ossicles underlie each phalangeal joint. Some measurements of the long bones of the extremities. inches, Scapula.—In extreme length (coronoid process to vertebral border) 2:35 Greatest width of vertebral border . . . . . . . . jot ae a er Diameter, tip of coracoid process to anterior vertebral corner . . . . 1°65 Humerus.— Extreme long diameter 18 Ulna.—In extreme length . . s e e s o> 21 Its olecranon process, tip to upper edge . 0'7 1:37 Radius.—U pper articular surface to end ofstyloid process. . . . . . + Manus.— Greatest length, viz. of wrist-joint to point of claw phalanx of mid digit . 7 Femur.—In extreme length -x v Cu dG o Ba vS 2:65: Perpendicular height, summit of head to end of inner condyle . . . . 23 From upper end of 3rd trochanter to lowest point of outer condyle . 1:8 Tibia.—In extreme length .—. 4 a as 2°35 Fibula.—Head to malleolar CRONE I cs su o Ro oor لا هه‎ 2:3 Pes.— Greatest length, viz. end of tuber calcis to tip of mid ungual phalanx . . . 17 VIII. ConsIDERATIONS RESPECTING THE RELATIONS OF T'OLYPEUTES. Without attempting a comparison of all the minutiz, I shall be content to glance at the points indicative of alliance, or expressive of functional correlation, The group Loricata, including the families Dasypodide and Glyptodontidz, is in some ways a natural and well-defined one, Nevertheless in it characters erop up directing, like finger-posts, to other family relationships. Whilst the Glyptodontes exclusively belong to the postpliocene epoch, some of the Dasypodes, on the contrary (exemplitied by the senera Huphractus and Tolypeutes), disinterred from the same strata, have survived nr to the present time, and that, it seems, without perceptible variation in their organi- zation. From this it may be inferred that the bulkier forms have been exterminated by undetermined causes, which agents have not succeeded in altering or decimating the undersized genera. The contemporaneous existence of the two sorts invalidates the idea 126 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. | á ho! tiary epoch. Whatever other geogra hica] of their او وت‎ di ici s e iite é aout that a gu pr e relations pertain, was was at one period inhabited by the two families in question. ee. jes euis in connecting the cainozoic with the recent Loricate fauna of edens x fs "I UNUM Armadillo claims paramount interest,—this because jer) ar rd tructural organization, and because of its exceptional habits, which pim و‎ Nee of explanation of anomalies in the Hoplophoridze or Glyp- together afford a is risht or track the significant imprint “of a conformation of the Heg E mim unknown in the mammalian, indeed in the vertebrate series," موب‎ it in reference to the latter fossils, is of itself justification for the present > oleis are taunted with theirs not being a precise science ; v: never ad s" be : till piles of conscientious observations enable safe deductions to be ae is oy t e fruits of accumulated labour that astronomers, like the prophets of old, dare to predict e future path of orbs whereon human foot has never trod, and eye alone seen. Thus the past, the present, and the future are indissolubly linked, and every step brings to us e : r shows‏ یب A lower base and upper cranial view of the skull of the Apar, Tolypeutes tricinctus (Linn.). The latter‏ cx . vide PAS. the supraorbital bony nodules, a specific character. (Woodeut used by permission of Dr. Gray; vide 1865, p. 380, and B. M. Cat.) DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. TABULA XX. Fig. 1. Life-size representation of the animal in its usual trotting attitude. Drawn from "P a tion of nearly the natural magnitude, taken by Dr. Murie from the dead body but fixed uM according with life. TAB. XXI. Fig. 2. A profile of the right side of the carapace, limits of its closure. he utmost &c., when the body is rolled up but not to the u DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 127 Fig. 3. Appearance inferiorly when the body is bent together. This figure shows how the head, tail, and limbs are packed within the partially closed carapace. The body is less bent than "x re preceding figure. i Fig. 4. The palmar surface of the right fore foot. Fig. 5. Sole of the left hind foot as far as the heel. These four drawings (Nos. 2 to 5) are exact copies of photographs from the dead animal; in the case of figs. 2 & 3, the body was flexed into a position similar to what had been observed during life. Each figure corresponds in dimensions to nature. The lettering, applicable to all, is as subjoined. : Cp, cephalic. shield, i ۳, right and left fore legs and feet with- Sc, scapular shield. drawn towards the body. Pv, pelvic shield. hf & hf*, right and left hind feet; the sole and T, tail. nails of same peering out of their re- Z', first, - | spective chambers. Z?, second, movable zones. Tch, tail-chamber. Z3, third, ; Pe, penis retracted and bent alongside the tail. ea, ear. IL, III, IV indicate nail-digits, fore and hind ey, eye, its surrounding orbital membrane. foot respectively. Sn, snout where bare. h, heel. c, callous cushion or pad. Tas. XXII. Fig. 6. A view of the under or abdominal surface of the animal, with head and tail extended, and the limbs more or less withdrawn into their shield-cavities. This figure is slightly less than natural size, and lithographed from a photograph by Dr. Murie. ‘ey, Eye seen closed; ea, ear upturned; Sc, scapular, and Pv, pelvic shields; Cp, lateral margin of cephalic plate; Z', Z^, Z^, movable zones; T, tail; ar, inturned bony arches of the post-inferior end of the pelvic shield; A, the wide anal aperture; Pe Pe*, penis; Af, right hind foot and leg partially withdrawn; Hl ch, left-hind-leg chamber, a portion of the foot and three nails being visible between the pointers; Fl ch, shadows indicating the unoccupied portion of the fore-leg chamber. ۱ TAB. XXIII. Fig. 7. Reduced diagrammatic sketch, showing the muscular fibres which act on the carapace. The latter has been removed to about the median line of the back. Fig. 8. Portions of scapular and pelvie shields and three movable zones of the left side, seen on the inside, and displaying the digastric muscle which drags these armoured plates together. Drawn slightly less than natural size— partially from a photograph, and from the specimen itself. The same lettering answers in these two figures, viz. :—Csps, contractor of the scapulo-pelvic shields; Sc, scapular, and Pv, pelvic shields, seen on edge in fig. 7 and below in fig. 8, where their marginal scutes and scales are visible; Z', Z', Z', moyable zones, their cut edges and inferior surfaces terminally tipped with hairs. | Fig. 9. Tolypeutes conurus in profile, when rolled up as in fig. 2, only in this case in a reversed attitude, or on the left side. The dermal armour has been cut away almost to the median line, exposing the body, head, limbs and tail stowed away in the least possible space, Part of the tegument remains on the limbs. The dermal muscles of the carapace (consult fig. 7) are removed $ and the thin aponeurotic panniculus carnosus leaves the body and extremities in relief. Litho- graphed from a photograph. 128 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Sh, shoulder over the scapula. Af, hind foot and lower leg. Rb, ribs on the thoracic region. ff. fore leg in part. eg Hp, prominence of hip-joint. ar, cut bony arch of pelvis shield at root of tai] Kn, side of the knee-joint. Other letters as in preceding figures. Fig. 10. Reduced sketch of the opened abdomen, displaying the visceral relations. L, liver; St, stomach ; Sp, spleen; duo, glimpse of the duodenum; ره‎ coils of small intestine, the asterisk (*) denoting junction of ileum with Co, inflate colon, cæcal appendages being absent; Pe, penis; te, left testicle. Fig. 11. Another sketch of the abdominal cavity, the stomach, intestines, &c. being removed. k, k*, right and left kidneys ; te, te*, abdominal situation of the testicles ; ud, urinary bladder; gb, gall-bladder; L, liver; 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5, its several lobes. Tas. XXIV. Fig. 12. Muscles &c. of the body generally on removal of the body-armour, save a small part on the tail. The limbs of the left side have been taken away. asp, anterior spinous process of ilium. Tz, trapezius. tb, ischial tuberosity. Lad, latissimus dorsi. ar, parts of arch of pelvic shield, the inner Dep, Dorsi epitrochlear. articulating with tuber ischii. 7۳ $ T^, triceps, first and second divisions. tu, tubercles studding dermal bony armour D, deltoid. of dorsal surface of tail. Pma, pectoralis major. pl, osseous plates ventral superficies of tail, Ba, brachialis anticus. also anchylosed to the caudal vertebrae. Ecr! & ?, extensor carpi radialis, longior and Inc, infracoccygeus. brevior. Sc, tendon sacrococcygeus. Ecd, extensor communis digitorum. Lee & i, Levatores caude, externus and in- Ei, extensor indicis. ternus. ` Emd, extensor medii & minimi digiti. Led, representative of lumbocaudalis. Ecu, Extensor carpi ulnaris. | Gmz, gluteus maximus. Feu, Flexor carpi ulnaris. Tf, tensor vagine femoris. Fs & Fp, combined flexor sublimis, pro- Rf, rectus femoris, in part. | ` fundus, and longus pollicis. Ve, vastus externus. Bf, biceps femoris. Admg, adductor magnus. Sm & t, semimembranosus and -tendinosus. *, slip of tendon from cutaneous muscle, and Rhc, rhomboideus capitis. Ab, acromio-basilar, or levator clavicule muscular slip. Co, complexus. gl, submaxillary and parotid glands. acting on pelvic shield. r, reservoir or sacculus of the submaxillory Ga, gastrocnemius. gland. So, soleus. sd, Steno's duct. 7۷۸ & Fed, flexor longus hallucis and flexor Ma, masseter. communis digitorum, P: 1 : . Bu, buccinator. : 4 mm ongus. Te, temporalis. : ee brevis, tertius, and quin- op, orbicularis palpebrarum. ons. é z, zygomatic muscular fibres. Eld, extensor longus digitorum. Oo, orbicularis oris pe, penis, a im ‘ Eo ER f obli ion, infraorbital plexus of nerves. , ۰ Smg PR 1, 2, 2*, 3, 4, retractores or levatores nasi et » Serratus magnus (its digitations). labii (consult text). Fig. 13. Fig. 14. Fig. 15. Fig. 16. Fig. 23. Fig. 24. DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. 129 The distended stomach and the spleen. ee, esophagus ; duo, duodenum; sp, spleen. A transverse section of the kidney, showing calyces, papilla, &e. A dissected view of the genital parts, the penis being cut across towards its root. UB, urinary bladder; Pr, prostate gland; Cgl, Cowper’s gland, below and anterior to which is a section of the crus penis; Be, bulbo-cavernosus; Isc, ıschio-cavernosus, in part; Rp, retractores penis severed. TAB. XXV. Heart and lungs of the Three-banded Armadillo, somewhat in the position they assume when the body is rolled up, but shrunk after immersion in spirits. 1, 2, 3, lobes of right and left lung; i, innominate artery ; rs, ls, right and left subclavians ; rc, lc, the common carotids, right and left. . À view of the mouth, soft palate, &c. . The tongue (7) as retracted within the lower jaw, the fleshy gums being left attached. cp, circumvallate or fossulate papille ; cr, coronoid process; cd, condyle. . Sketch of the interior of the mouth at the root of the tongue, to display the isthmus and pillars of the fauces when contracted. About natural ۰ T, tongue ; £o, tonsillar recess; ره‎ uvula; ep, epiglottis dividing the pharyngeal passage. . Another sketch of the faucial cavity, the velum pendulum palati being cut through and reflected and the glottis &c. exposed. rg, rima glottidis; ep, epiglottis ; gef, glosso-epiglottic folds. . The hyoid bones, the larynx, and the upper portion of the trachea in profile and of natural dimensions. . The same parts in front, i.e. their inferior aspect. The lettering to these is as follows :— 7, thyroid cartilage; C, cricoid cartilage ; m, crico- thyroid membrane or ligament; tr, trachea; bh and th, united basihyal and thyrohyal elements; ch, ceratohyal; eA, epihyal; sh, stylohyal tipped with (*) a cartilaginous apex. Bones of the right three-toed fore foot of this d specimen of Tolypeutes conurus, shown in three- quarters lateral view—that is, partly from the front and outside. (i The same right foot on its posterior or palmar surface, displayed somewhat on its inner aspect. The large ossicle of the flexor tendons has been taken away; but the phalangeal sesamoidea remain. Fig. 24 a. The superior or wrist-joint articular surfaces of the proximal row of the carpal bones of the - The inferior surfaces of the cervical and part of the foremost dorsal vertebr:e, right manus. To the three foregoing figures the same letters apply :—s, scaphoid ; و‎ lunare ; c, cuneiform ; P, pisiform; t, trapezio-trapezoid ; m, magnum; 4, unciform; me, metacarpals; ph, pha- langes; s, sesamoidea ; 11, 111, 1v, digits. . The right hind foot, its upper articular superficies. | . Sole, or under view, of the bones of the same foot, the tarsal, metatarsal and phalangea sesamoid ossicles being left in plaee. ienifi In these two figures the digits are marked 1, 11, IL, IV, V. Of the tarsal une od viuit ۹ astragalus; ca, calcaneum; na, naviculare; cb, cuboid; رم‎ internal cuneiform; c°, middle cuneiform ; e*, external cuneiform ; s, several sesamoid bones. | sternum, inner eeding attached sternal ribs or ossified costa ends of clavicles, first ribs entire, and the suce : VOL, XXX. 130 Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 28. 29. 30. © hy, Hg, DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. cartilages. The neck-vertebrz are exhibited with less angularity than is natural to the parts. a : f C, the cervical series; 1, atlas; 2, 3, 4, coalesced bodies of the axis, third, and fourth vertebra; 5, fifth; 6, sixth, and 7, the seventh nuchal segment; cl, clavicle; f, fibrocar- tilaginous inner end of clavicle (the precoracoid piece of Parker) ; R', first rib; sr, sr‘, second and sixth sternal ribs ; m, manubrium or presternum ; 2, xiphisternum ; *, terminal cartilage of same. Upper or laminar surface of the cervical and first two dorsal vertebre of Tolypeutes, straightened and showing in part the open spinal canal. C, cervical series; 1, atlas; 2, 3, conjoined second and third vertebre ; 4, partially separate arch of the fourth cervical; 5, 6, 7, succeeding cervicals, the last somewhat adherent to the dorsal; D', first dorsal; D*, second dorsal vertebra. j A front view of the seventh cervical and foremost two dorsal (= the trivertebral bone of Huxley in the Glyptodon) vertebral ribs and manubrial portions. Letters as in the two preceding figures, and all these of natural dimensions. Posterior surface of the last sacral vertebra and anchylosed ischial tuberosities, showing the articular facets of ischia whereon the bony arch of the pelvic shield play during curvature of the body and inflexion of tail. tb, tuberosity of ischium ; Z, wide transverse process of sacral vertebra; Û, body; c, spinal canal; pf, postarticular facet; af, process surmounting anterior articular facet; n, neural spine. . Sketch showing foreshortened view of the fleshy snout and open nares; n, narial orifices, with incurved sesamoid cartilages. . Dissection, lower aspect of, of jaws, neck, and chest. On the left side a superficial, and on the right a deep layer is exhibited. Reduced to about 4 nat, size. Lettering employed ` as undermentioned :— On right side. On left side. geniohyoideus. Mh, mylohyoideus; Ma, masseter. styloglossus. Shy, stylohyoideus ; f, trachea. hypoglossal nerve. Sth, sternohyoideus. hyoglossus muscle. Sim, sternomastoid, and Stm* its thoracic ca, carotid artery. ` extension. Rama, rectus capitis anticus major. Clm, cleidomastoid ; D, deltoid. Cpz, cervical plexus of nerves (included Pmi, pectoralis minor, near insertion. within dotted line). ~ Pma. pectoralis major; B, biceps. Bpx, brachial plexus of nerves. T, triceps, its third and first divisions. Sb, subelavius muscle. Ai, anconeus internus. Spe, supracostalis. Lad, latissimus dorsi ; Eo, external oblique. Fig. 33. A greatly reduced sketch, in profile, of some of the pelvo-femoral muscles, &e. Os, a portion of the so-called oblique sacral muscle as it traverses the great sciatic foramen; — sn, great sciatic nerve at different parts of its course; 17, iliacus ; Py, pyriformis ; Ge, gemeli; — Qf, quadratus femoris; Rf, rectus femoris ; Ve, vastus externus; Adl, small portion of the | À adductor longus: Zf, the ilio-femoral strip of muscle; Bf, biceps femoris; Admg, adductor — magnus; Smó & t, semimembranosus and -tendinosus ; 1 the great, and 3 the third trochanter. — Fig. 34. View embracing a dissection of the abdominal surface of the diaphragm and deep lumbo-pelvie — of the have been exposed by removal of a segment parts. On the left side the lung and heart DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO, 131 Dph, diaphragm. vc, orifice of vena cava. oe, esophagal opening, beneath which is the Qi, quadratus lumborum emerging from chest. Ips, ilio-psoas muscle. aortic cleft. Pe, pectineus. | H, heart. J, lung. Inc, infracoccygeus or infracaudal. ao, abdominal aorta. Sc, sacrococcygeus. psl, psoas ligament. Isc, part of ischiococcygeus, at origin. a & n, external iliac artery and anterior crural ` Os, oblique sacral muscle. nerve. P, pubic arch. ii, internal iliac arterial division. of, obturator foramen. Tas. XXVI. Fig. 35. A side view of the endoskeleton of Tolypeutes conurus, minus the limbs, in illustration of the curvature of the spine and the manner in which skull (in outline) and tail are tucked together when the body is rolled up: compare figs. 2, 8 & 9. Nearly nat. size. A cut portion of the inferior arch of the pelvic shield remains in situ. Fig. 36. Bones of the pelvis and tail, from above, the carapace being removed. Reduced in size. Letters in this and preceding figure correspond, and are as follows :—C, cervical vertebrae ; 1, atlas; 2,3, coossified axis to third; 4, 5, 6, 7, remaining neck-pieces; x, xiphisternum ; N (arrow) pointing between 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebre denotes the axis or hinge of eur- vature of the posterior part of the spinal column; s, spinous process, or neurapophysis ; m, metapophysis ; A, hemapophysis ; af, articular facets, or anterior zygapophyses ; pf, post- articular facets (= postzygapophyses) ; 5, body and hemal process; ¢, transverse process ; ch, chevron bone (= hsemapophysis) ; L',last lumbar vertebra; ass, anterior superior spine (crest of ilium) : ais, anterior inferior iliac spinous process; a, acetabulum; gsf, great sciatic foramen; of, obturator foramen; p, pubic arch ; sp placed between two tubercles equivalent to a double ischial spine; tb, tuberosity of ischium ; ar, section of part of the bony arch of the exoskeletal pelvic shield. Fig. 37. The left humerus, its anterior face. Of natural size. d, deltoid eminence; cf, condyloid foramen; A, head ; o, outer, and i inner tuberosities. Fig. 38. Exterior surface of the same bone. Fig. 39. A lower segment of the humerus on its internal aspect. Fig. 40. Left radius and ulna on their outer aspect. Fig. 41. The same bones as seen from behind. U, ulna; R, radius; s, sigmoid notch; o, olecranon ; st, styloid process of the radius. Fig. 42. A segment of the right scapula, to exhibit by a post-inferior view, 9, the glenoid surface, and a, the inner curvature of the acromion. : Fig. 43. The outer dorsal superficies of the same entire shoulder-blade, also of nat. size. 21 a, acromion; m, metacromion ; c, coracoid ; y, glenoid fossa ; pi, ossified post-inferior angle. Fig. 44. Left femur, from the front: £ greater, f lesser, and f third trochanter. Fig. 45. Inner border of same thigh bone: A, head. Fig. 46. Front aspect of the left tibia (T) and fibula (F) ; ep, lower epiphysis. i r Fig. 47. Their united inferior articular surface, i. e. part of ankle-joint. This and last nat. size. Fig. 48. A foreshortened view of the hinder end of the left lower jaw. cr, coronoid process; cd, condyle; a, angle of mandible. Fig. 49. Inferior base of the skull of the Three-banded Armadillo (Tolypeutes conurus). Fig. 50. Skull and inferior maxilla in profile. 132 DR. J. MURIE ON THE THREE-BANDED ARMADILLO. Fie. 51. Cranium from above. The calvarium has been removed, exposing the brain-cavity, frontal, »* e . ; id illary, and nasal sinuosities, &c. on " Wi UF figures are of natural dimension. The lettering in them bears correspondence, N, nasal bone. os, prenasal ossicles. Pmz, premaxillary bone. Mz, maxillary (superior). F, frontal. L, lachrymal. Ma, malar, or jugal. Pa, parietal. Sq, squamosal. Ty, tympanic. Bo, basioccipital. Bs, basisphenoid. Ps, presphenoid. _As, alisphenoid. Os, orbito-sphenoid. E, ethmoid (cribiform plate). Pl, palatine. pt, pterygoid. io, infraorbital foramen and canal. f, mental foramina. m, mastoid process. mf, postmastoidal foramen. c, condyle, na, anterior apertures of nares. . ap, anterior palatine foramen. fla, foramen lacerum anterius. fim, foramen lacerum medius. flp, foramen lacerum posterius. ms, maxillary sinus (= antrum maxillare), fs, frontal sinuses. cg, crista galli (preethmoid). op, optic foramen. sp, sphenoidal fissure. fo, foramen ovale. f$, foramen spinosum. fr,? foramen rotundum. vc, Vidian canals. ca, carotid aperture. pg, postglenoid foramen. tyh, tympanohyal ossicle. me, meatus auditorius internus. ac, anterior condyloid foramen. fm, foramen magnum. la, depression of lateral sinuses. a, angle of lower jaw. TRANS LINN. Soc Von. XXX. A hoto . Murie.p ja E L^ $ Ne ye "v py # > vs - 4 > diis JMurie photo 1 1 4 wef 5s D LT d g% na | dv. wit MX LI N v. Berjean hth Ee A. 6. Ber jeau lih SENE MTM. Mer S UAE SESS P Bom c hc icut e O u = T و ای ا oe A‏ نو N H anbarl tiraf " i a -— Trans.Linn.Soc Von XXX Tan. 24 Fıq.13, Trans.Linn,Soc.Vol. XXX. Tan 25 TaB.26, XXX Vor, Q O Ww Z = v) Z « 0۲ E lith Berjeau " V [ 388 1 IV. Enumeration of the Orchids collected by the Rev. E. C. PARISE in the neighbour- hood of Mowlmein, with Descriptions of the new Species. By Professor H. G. REICHENBACH, f. (Plates XXVIL-XXXIL) Read April 17th 1873. 'THE neighbourhood of Moulmein had been visited by Wallich’s collectors, by Dr. Helfer the German botanist, by Dr. Griffith, the eminent English botanist, and by Thomas Lobb, the English collector for the firm of Messrs. Veitch. ۱ Beginning with 1859, Sir William Hooker acknowledged the receipt of very interest- ‘ing Moulmeinese plants coming from Mr. E. C. Parish ; and Dr. Lindley spoke very highly of the sketches, and of a few specimens of Orchids he obtained from the same source. At the same time more and more Moulmeinese Orchids appeared in the trade, amongst which the beautiful Phalenopsis Lowii and a crowd of wonderful Dendrobia were the most striking. The names of the collectors were kept secret. It was, however, afterwards well known that the plants were sent by Mr. Parish and Colonel Benson. The rich Kew Herbarium contained several interesting specimens and sketches sent by the first-named gentleman. When he came home in 1871 he brought with him a beautiful collection of careful water-colour drawings, with analytical sketches, which have proved exceedingly trustworthy. The collection of specimens and copies of the drawings were presented to the Kew establishment by their possessor. Having been invited to undertake the examination of the collection, I have compared them with the types preserved at Kew and with those in my own collection. It is my duty to acknow- ledge that Mr. Parish had done his best to name the plants correctly. I have therefore affixed to all the new species here described Mr. Parish's as well as my own name. The Indian terrestrial Orchids, which appear to be generally widely spread over the Indian, Southern Chinese, Southern Japanese, Malayan, and even Northern Australian areas, contain a few very curious things, among which the most striking plant is the beautiful Gymnadenia Helferi, discovered more than thirty years ago by my unfortunate countryman. | The Epiphytes show a great tendency to approach the Malayan types. Up to the elevation of 5000 ft., where some of the Himalayan and Assam species appear, such as Calanthe biloba, Phalenopsis Parishii, Celogyne precoz, C. prolifera, C. fuscescens, we find numerous species with a decided Malayan aspect or affinity, of which the very numerous Erias and Bolbophyllums, the Thrixspermums, Thelasises, Trichoglottis, Renantheras, Appendiculas, and Podochiluses may be mentioned as proofs. ۱ Excepting, perhaps, those plants which throw an entirely new light upon botany, none are more welcome than such as have been lost for a long time. I may name two of that kind: 1. Dr. Lindley's Oberonia Myosurus, named from very insufficient materials VOL. xxx, T 184 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY gathered at Taka, in Nepal, 1821 (and unluckily combined with an Fria of the Section Phreatia, the Epidendrum myosurus of Forster), has appeared once more in the present collection, and in such a state as to enable me to give a full description. 2. Much more fortunate for us was the rediscovery of the genus Monomeria of Dr. Lindley. It has only been found once by Wallich's collectors. When Dr. Lindley described it, he regarded it as the only Orchid that had no petals, though he afterwards found a similar instance in Aviceps; and I have observed it in an Acianthus. The Lindleyan dietum as to Monomeria proves, however, to be a mistake, very easily under- stood from the miserable state of his specimen. The petals were ascertained to be present in the Moulmeinese plant; and I afterwards observed them in the Nepalese plant also. Thus the plant would have been degraded to a very indifferent Bulbophyl- lum if Mr. Parish had not observed that it bore the full pollen-apparatus of the Vandee. I have the fullest belief in the statement, but feel very sorry I could not see it myself, since no anthers were at my disposal. It is a very curious circumstance that Orchids appear to change a good deal under climatic influences. Such altered forms I have retained as subspecies; but to any one who judged the plants not by dissection of the flower, but by general appearance, they would appear to be new species, as, for instance :— Celogyne ochracea, subspecies con- Jerta, a stout little plant, exceedingly unlike the tall Assam form; and Bolbophyllum cupreum, subspecies stenosepalum. Aörides crassifolium might be mentioned as a third instance. It is closely allied to Aérides falcatum, Lindl. (A. Larpente of gardens), of which the geographic origin ap- pears to be unknown up to the present day. I have been induced, however, by the very different shape and thickness of the leaves, to keep it as a species, the more so as the colours of the flowers are very different. I may have made a mistake in doing so. Vegetable morphology, finally, has gained something by the collection of Habenaria pelorioides, a Habenaria having six nearly equal parts of the perigonium, like a Scilla or an Ornithogalum, without any spur. It is a very remarkable instance, bearing a highly curious analogy to the well-known Dendrobium normale, Falc., and the Aclinia of Grif- fith, notes on which, by Dr. Lindley, are to be found in the Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. iii. pp. 9-11. Bulbophyllum lemniscatum, however, is the greatest glory of all the discoveries of Mr. Parish, a Bulbophyllum having, at the point where the chief vascular bundle of the sepals ends, a long, thin, nearly cylindrical, horny body, half pellucid, with ten wings radiating from the thin filiform axis, like the spokes of a wheel. This organ is deciduous- ` Whether it has any use in the economy of the plant, or is a beautiful ornament only, we do not know. The plant flowered at Kew ; and a figure was given by Dr. Hooker in the * Botanical Magazine’ for 1872 (tab. 5971). The minute investigation of these organs is exceedingly difficult, on account of their thinness and want of entire pellucidity. I hope to give a better account in a short time. The only thing like those organs which has been hitherto observed is in Dr. Blume's J avan genus Zpierianthes, where six threads are represented in lieu of the petals. | After these few genera] remarks I proceed to give the list of the species, with — = rhe os p DAS THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 135 descriptions of those which I regard as new ones, under the authority Parish and Reichenbach. Catalogue of the observed Species. A. MONANDRE. I. OPHRYDEZ. ' Aceras angustifolia, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 282. Platanthera Susanne, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 295. | , Gymnadenia Helferi, Rehb. f. in Flora, 1872, p. 276. . Peristylus constrictus, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 300. —— goodyeroides, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 399. —— Parishii, Rchb. f. Habenaria pelorioides, Par. et Rchb. f. —— tipulifera, Par. et Rchb. f. —— chlorina, Par. et Rchb. f. , — digitata, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 307. . — spatulefolia, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— vidua, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— corymbosa, Par. et Rchb. f. . ——trichosantha, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 324. II. OPERCULATEA. 1. NEOTTIACER. 5. Cnemidia semilibera, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. . 463. P . Cheirostylis flabellata, Wight, Te. t. 1727. . —— malleifera, Par. et Rehb. f. . — pubescens, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— Griffithii, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. p. 188 . Anecochilus niu. Par. et Rchb. f. . Monochilus flavum, Wall., Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 487. . Etzeria moulmeinensis, Par. et Rchb. f. - Hemaria discolor, Lindl., var. Dawsoniana, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 321. 2. ARETHUSEE. 24. Pogonia velutina, Par. et Rehb. J: 25 26, .— ۱۷۳ Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p- 415. — maculata, Par. et Rehb. f. 27. 28. 29. oo OO AT. E 5 49. . Cyrtopera Macrobulbon, Par. et Rehb. ر‎ . Cymbidium tigrinum, Par. Bot. Mag. ۰ Thunia Bensone, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5694. —— pulchra, Rchb. f. in Flora, 1872, p. 276. Galeola altissima, Rchb. f. Xenia, ii. 77? 9. VANDEZ. . Monomeria Crabro, Par. et Rchb. f. . Thecostele alata, Par. et Rchb. f.; Thecostele Zollingeri, Rchb. f. Seem. Bonpl. v. 37 (1857) ; Xenia, ii. t. 147! p. 133; eus dium alatum, Rozb. ! . Acriopsis indica, Wight, Ic. t. 1748. javanica, Reinw. in Flora, 1825, ii. 4; Blume, Bijdr. 376; conf. Syll. Pl. Ratisb. 1829, L . Calanthe biloba, Lindl. Fol. Orch.; Calanthe, n. 5, var. obtusata, Par. et Rchb. f. . Eulophia graminea, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 182. - موی‎ ani Rehb. f. in Flora, 1872, p. 376. bracteosa, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 180. 5407. Parishii, Rchb. f. . Phalaenopsis Lowii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1862, p. 214. | سس‎ Parishii, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 410. | — — Wightii, Rchb. f. in Bol. Zeil. 1862, p. 214. Trichoglottis Dawsoniana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 699. Cottonia Championi, Lindl. in Hook. Kew Journ. vii. p. 35. Luisia brachystachys, Lindl., B. flaveola, Par. et Rchb. f. platyglossa, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 622. نت‎ Psyche, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1868, p. 38. —— primulina, Par. et Rchb.f. T 2 136 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED By 50. Vanda Bensoni, Veitch, Rehd. f. in Gard. Chron. 1867, p. 180; Baten. in Bat. Mag. t. 5611 (nomine nostro sumto). 51. — Parishii, Reth, f. Xenia, ii. p. 188 ; Gerd. Tavoy. Never seen on the mainland ) 53. — bilinguis, Rehd. f. Xenia, i. p. 7, t. 4 ` 54 Cleisostoma lanatum, Lindl. im Journ. Hort iii. p. 219; Pomatocalpa spicatum, Kuh) ef v. Hass. Orch. tab. xv. ? (tum analysis enset 56. Camarotis obtusa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. xxx. Mise. 71. 57. Sarcanthus laxus, ReAd. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1866, p. 378. 58. — densiflorus, Par. et Reha. f.; Saecola- bium densiflorum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 220. 59. — oxyphyllus, Wall in Lindl. Bot. Reg. xxvi. Mise. 123. 60. —— insectifer, Rehb. f. im Bot. Zeit. 1857, p. 159. 61. —— erinaceus, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, p. 298. ` 62. —— Williamsoni, Reid. f. in Hamb. Gert. . Aérides 64. Saccolabium Griffithii, Par. et ReAb. f. ELSET UU vega bOrd Crn. UN, P. p 34 M) — tsierophy liwe, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch, p 234 $1. Geodorum candidum, Lindl. Fw. Orch. dorum, n. Y. 102. Eria extinctoria, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5910. 104, — ustulata, Par. et Rehb. f. 105. — dasyphylla, Par. et Rehb. f. 106. —— Ania, Rchb. f. in Walp, Ann. vi. p. 270. 107, — fragrans, Rech. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864. 108. —— hologlossa, Par. et Rehb. f. 109, —— muscicola, Lindl. 110, — perpusilla, Par. et Rehb. f. 111. — elongata, Griff. Lindl, in Journ. Linn. Soe. iii. p. 49. 112. — pannea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Mise. p. 79. 118. —— sicaria, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. p. 50. 114. —— pulchella, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 106. 115. —— obesa, Lindl. Gen. el Sp. Orch. p. 68. 116. —— acervata, Lindi., Part. Fl. Gard. i. p. 170. 117. —— affinis, Griff. Notul. iii. p. 297. 118. —— myristiceformis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5415. 119. —— Eriopsidobulbon, Par. et Rchb. f. 120. —— concolor, Par. et Rehb. f. 122. — dasypus, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, p. 416. 123. — Griffithii, Rchb. f. Xenia, ii. p. 163. 124. — floribunda, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 56. 125. — ringens, Rchb. f. in Bonpl. 1855, p. 222. 126. — pumila, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 68. 127. —— merguensis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. p. 52, 128. Cryptochilus meirax, Par. et Rehb. f. 5. MALAXIDEA. 129. Dendrobium acerosum, Lindl, Bot. Reg. . 1841, Misc. p. 86 (D. subteres, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. p. 4). E — stoperpureum, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii p.644, lc opi ei i A BÓ. iii. p, 4. THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 137 133. Dendrobium multiflorum, Par. et Rehb. f. 134. —— serra, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. p. 3. 135, —— anceps, Sw. in A. A. Holm. 1800, p. 246. 136, —— pachyglossum, Par. et Rehb. f. 137. —— bambusefolium, Par, et Rchb. f. 188, —— Findleyanum, Par. et Rehb. f. 139, —— Parishii, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1863, p.236; Bateman, in Bot. Mag. t. ۰ 140, سس‎ gratiosissimum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1865, p. 99. 141. —— Devonianum, Part. Mag. i. p. 169, 8. Soe. iii. p. 15. 143. —— crumenatum, Sw. in Act. Holm. 1800, p. 246. 144. —— revolutum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 110. 145. —— capillipes, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1867, 897 p. 897. 146. —— luteolum, Bateman, in Bot. Mag. t. 5441. 148. —— dixanthum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 674. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. Bot. Mag. t. 5918). 156. —— moschatum, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 83, t. 195. 157. —— Dalhousianum, Pazt. Mag. xi. p. 145. PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY . Dendrobium ciliatum, Par. in Bot. Mag. t. 5430. xanthophlebium, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1857, p. 268. . —— Jamesianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 551. . —— draconis, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1862, p. 214. , —— infundibulum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. p. 16. . —— cumulatum, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1855, p. 756. . — parcum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1866, p. 1042. . —— Celogyne, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 136. . —— pumilum, Roxb. Pl. Ind. iii, p. 479, . —— fugax, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1287. ——— densiflorum, Lindl. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 34, t. 40. , —— Chrysocrepis, Par. et Rchb, f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6007. . Bulbophyllum oblongum, Rchb. f. in ۰ Ann. vi. p. 349. . —— pictum, Par. et Rchb. f. . ——nasutum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1482. , —— Lobbii, Lindl., 8. siamense, Rchb. f. in Saunders's Refugium, ined. macranthum, Lindl. Bot, Reg. 1844,t.13. capillipes, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— moniliforme, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— penicillium, Par. et Rchb. f. , —— lemniscatum, Par. in Bot. Mag.t.5961. . —— lemniscatum, 6. tumidum, Par. et Rchb . —— alcicorne, Par. et Rchb. f. xylophyllum, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— khasyanum, Griff. Notul, p. 284. . —— sicyobulbon, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— cupreum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 183; subsp. Rehb. f. stenopetalum, Par. et . —— parviflorum, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— auricomum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 50. . —— luteola, Lindl. . Bulbophyllum Lindleyanum, Griff Notul. p. 387. gracile, Par. et Rehb. f. limbatum, Par. et Rchb. f. triste, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 253. odoratissimum, Lindl. Gen. et ap Orch. p- 55. radiatum, Lindl. p. 55. | stenobulbon, Par. et Rchb. f. lasiochilum, Par. et Rchb. f. Gen. et Sp. Orch. . — pumilio, Par. et Rehb. f. picturatum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 262. | retusiusculum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 1182. bootanense, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— Griffithianum, Par. et Rehb. f. . —— tripudians, Par. et Rchb. f. merguense, Par. et Rchb. f. . —— Blepharistes, Rchb. f. in Flora, 1872, p. 378. . Drymoda picta, Lindl. Sert. Orch. p. 8. . Malaxis Myosurus, Par. et Rchb. f. iridifolia, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. ۰ p. 208 ensiformis, Sm. in Rees’s Encycl. . —— Griffithiana, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 308. . —— Brunoniana, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. ۰ p. 209. . Liparis paradoxa, Rchb. f. in Walp. M vi. -p. 218. —— paradoxa, Rehb. f., B. flavida, Par. et Rchb. f. Jovis-pluvii, Par. et Rchb. f. stenoglossa, Par. et Rehb. f. bistriata, Par. et Rchb. f. Pachypus, Par. et Rchb. f. spatulata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 189. condylobulbon, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit, 1862, p. 34. Gen. et Sp. Orch. . Microstylis Rheedii, Lindl, Gen. et ۰ Orch. p. 21 THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 139 919, Microstylis Wallichii, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. 222. Cypripedium villosum, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. Orch. p. 20. 1854, p. 135. 990, —— biloba, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 20. 223. Parishii, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, pp. 814, 1858. B. CYPRIPEDIEE. 921. Cypripedium concolor, Par. in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 626. Descriptions of new Species, and notes upon some of those described before. I. ۰ 3. GYMNADENIA HELFERI, Rchb. f. Flores purpurei, seu albi, seu albi purpureo striati, seu viridi-flavi. Labellum latum seu angustum. | 4 PERISTYLUS CONSTRICTUS, Lindl. Florum sepala viridi-brunnea, reliqua. organa eburneo-alba. 6. PERISTYLUS PARISHIT, Rchb. f, tuberidiis maximis oblongis, caule valido pedali, vaginis amplis cucullatis, foliis 3-5 in medio caule rosulatis oblongis acuminatis, superne vaginis 2-3 abrupte bractexformibus, racemo plurifloro nunc subsecundifloro, bracteis lanceolato-acuminatis ovaria superantibus, sepalis triangulis, petalis triangulis, labello medio trifido, laciniis triangulis, calcari globoso apiculato ovario pedicellato duas tertias ad dodrantem breviore. Planta sicca nigrita. 7. HABENARIA PELORIOIDES, Par. et Rchb. f., ultrapedalis, valida, caule calamum ` columbinum superante, foliis cuneato-oblongis acuminatis, tribus bene evolutis, vaginis in caule quinis in bracteas lineares acuminatas abeuntibus, racemo plurifloro densiusculo, bracteis flores inferiores zequantibus, sepalis semilanceis limbo mieroscopice ciliolatis, quinquenerviis, petalis ligulatis obtuse acutis brevioribus binerviis, labello cuneato lan- ceolato acuminato trinervi ecalcarato, cum petalis minute ciliolato, anthers canalibus elongatis, cruribus stigmaticis productis parallelis.— Amherst, 1862. Plate XXVII. I. Habenaria pelorioides. 1. Side view of flower. 2. Column, seen from above. 3. Side view of column, showing the insertion of sepals and lip over the base. 8. HABENARIA TIPULIFERA, Par. et Rchb. f., ultrabipedalis, tuberidiis oblongis, foliis in medio caule lineari-ligulatis acuminatis, ad 4, prope sex pollices longis, ultra unum pollicem latis, foliis bractexformibus superne ad 2, racemo elongato plurifloro laxifloro usque pedali, bracteis triangulo-acuminatis ovaria pedicellata sequantibus, perigonio connivente, sepalo summo triangulo uninervi, sepalis lateralibus cuneatis ligulatis obtuse acutis, petalis ligulato-faleatis uninerviis, labello supra basin tripartito lamina transversa supra unguem, partitionibus lateralibus divaricatis setaceo-caudatis elongatis, partitione mediana lanceolata porrecta, anthera obtusa, calcari a basi constrieta plus minus clavato tertiam partem ovarii sequante, canalibus juxta brachia stigmatica adnatis, brachiis stig- maticis cochleatis. Obs. Huc omnino videtur pertinere 0 tentaculata, Lindl., peraffinis speciei nostre. Recedit rosula foliorum altius inserta, ovariis et caleari. Que laudantur ab ill. Lindley bursicule, has ego brachia stigmatica cochleato-convoluta habeo. Bursiculæ Semper organa exigua, nunquam adeo speciosa, conspicua. Valde affinis est Peristylus 140 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY aristatus Lindl.!, a quo P. exilis Wight! herb. non differt, dum icon t. 1698 plante nostree similis, labelli lacinia media basi cornuta recedit, de qua descriptio Wightiana omnino silet. 9. HABENARIA CHLORINA, Par. et Rchb, f., ultrabipedalis, validiuscula, tuberidiis a tenui basi stipitata oblongis obtusatis, vaginis baseos laxis, foliis evolutis ternis seu quaternis ligulatis acuminatis ad quinque pollices longis, duos pollices latis, foliis superioribus in bracteas abeuntibus, senis seu octonis, superioribus angusto-lanceolatis cuspidato-acuminatis, paulo imbricantibus racemo cylindraceo densifloro, bracteis tri- angulo-setaceis ovaria pedicellata inferiora attingentibus margine scabris, sepalo dorsali ovato acutiusculo tri- ad quinquenervi, sepalis lateralibus triangulis deflexis, quin- quenerviis, petalis ligulato-faleatis binervibus, labelli tripartiti partitionibus lateralibus subulato-linearibus partitione media lineari paulo brevioribus, calcari a basi filiformi clavato ovario pedicellato tertia breviore, anthere canalibus ultra crura stigmatica obtusata porrectis, staminodiis ligulatis.—Flores in alia icone Parishiana simpliciter flavo-virides, in alia icone ejusdem coloris et brunneo maculati. Primum sunt virides, dein paueimaculati, demum maculatissimi, tandem brunnei ex cl. Parish. Prope Wagroo. Similis H. acuifere, Lindl., calcari multo longiore subzequali, nec abrupte clavato gaudet. 10. HABENARIA DIGITATA, Lindl. Sepala viridia. Sepalorum partitio superior viridis, inferior ac partitiones labelli virides, basi albe. Ill. Bentham, Australasicas Orchideas describens, hane ab H. digitata, Lindl., eo differre monet, quod partitiones petalorum in hac approximate in illa distantes. Ceterum H. digitata est planta micro- phylla, heec macrophylla, platyphylla. 11. HABENARIA SPATULEFOLIA, Par. et Rchb. f., humilis, caule vix spitham:eo, foliis spatulatis oblongis obtuse acutis ternis, usque pollicem latis, quatuor pollices longis, pedunculo basi mediove folio uno vaginiformi instructo, racemo uni- seu bifloro, bracteis ovatis acutis retinerviis ovarii pedicellati rostrati tertiam partem sequantibus, sepalo dorsali ovato acuto ventricoso cucullato, sepalis lateralibus obliquis ovatis acutis deflexis, petalis ligulato-faleatis obtuse acutis binerviis, labello supra basin tripartito, partitionibus fili- formibus aeuminatis, lateralibus ...., partitione mediana sepala lateralia superante, calcari filiformi apice valde clavato acuto ovario pedicellato sublongiore arcuato, anthera erecta gracili, canalibus elongatis, cruribus stigmaticis abbreviatis.—Similis Habenari@ vidue, sed foliis, bracteis, inflorescentia biflora recedens, nec non scabritiei defectu ac petalorum figura diversa. Sepala lateralia etiam candida videntur. Labelli partitionum lateralium apices omnes deleti. Ä 12. HABENARIA VIDUA, Par. et Rchb. f, caule subpedali, foliis cuneato-ligulatis acuminatis approximatis evolutis quaternis, caule superne minute scabro papilloso, foliis in braeteas abeuntibus duobus, racemo novemfloro laxifloro, floribus porrectis, bracteis triangulis acuminatis seu elliptico-acuminatis quam ovaria pedicellata scabra bene rostrata quater brevioribus, sepalo dorsali ovato obtuso acuto cucullato, sepalis late ralibus triangulis demum convolutis retusis retrorsis, petalis triangulis binervibus obtusis, THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 141 labello tripartito partitionibus omnibus filiformibus acuminatis, lateralibus erectis, par- titione mediana deflexa, antherze canalibus elongatis, cruribus stigmaticis inferne canali- bus adnatis, calcari filiformi apieem versus ampliato acuto ovario pedicellato sublongiore. — Occurrit floribus duplo minoribus. Icon Parishiana sepalum dorsale et petala offert alba, reliquas partes virides. ۱ Plate XXVII. II. Habenaria vidua. 4. Flower, side view. 5. Sepal. 6. Lateral sepal. 7. Ex- pandedlip. 8. Column, lateral sepal, and ovary, side view. 9. Column, seen above. 13. HABENARIA CORYMBOSA, Par. et Rchb. f, ultratripedalis, caule inferne calami eyenei crassitudine vaginis multis retusis, foliis evolutis cuneato-ligulatis acuminatis quinque polliees longis, plus unum pollicem latis, foliis in bracteas abeuntibus ad tredecim distantibus lanceolato-acuminatis, inflorescentia densissima superne corymbosa, bracteis lanceolato-acuminatis ovaria fusiformi-rostrata capillaceo-pedicellata haud equantibus, sepalo dorsali oblongo acuto, sepalis lateralibus semioblongis acutis deflexis, petalis bipartitis, partitionibus lineari-setaceis, labelli tripartiti partitionibus lineari- subulatis, subzequalibus, anthersz erecte canalibus porrectis, cruribus stigmaticis acutis porrectis, staminodiis ligulatis erectis. II. OPERCULATA. 1. NEOTTIACEX. 17. CHEIROSTYLIS MALLEIFERA, Par. et Rchb. f, pusilla, vix tres pollices alta, tota calva, eaule crassiusculo, foliis evolutis 3-5, vaginis amplis, petiolis bene brevioribus, laminis oblongis acutis, racemo paucifloro, bracteis triangulis acuminatis uninerviis ovario subiequalibus, sepalis anguste triangulis, lateralibus alte connatis, petalis faleatis obtuse acutis, labello oblongo ventricoso antice tridentato, dentibus lateralibus triangulis abbreviatis, dente mediano ligulato acuto porrecto, callis in fundo geminis manubrio brevissimo, callo ipso semilunato, malleiformibus, columnx euspidibus geneticis bene evolutis.—Simillima Cheirostylidi parvifolie, Lindl., que labelli indole ae pube ovarii recedit. 18. CHEIROSTYLIS PUBESCENS, Par. et Rchb. f., bene spithamea, foliis ad sex a basi seu supra basin aggregatis, vaginis amplis, petiolis tenuibus laminæ sextam æquantibus, laminis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis, peduneulo puberulo triangulato, vaginis parvis, racemo usque septemfloro, bracteis semilanceolatis ovaria pedicellata subequantibus, ovariis ealvis, sepalo dorsali obtuse galeato cum sepalis lateralibus altius connato, sepalis lateralibus alte coalitis bidentatis, petalis obtusangule dimidiatis, labelli basi ampliata utrinque lamella una serrata basi adnata ceterum incumbente, dein in unguem apice rum supra laminam apicalem incumbente, lamina terminali divergenti biloba, lobis — subquadratis extus serratis, rostelli lobis ligulatis apice dilatatis, suppositis gulis sursum apice angulato-dilatatis. | T ANECOCHILUS ALBOLINEATUs, Par. et Rchb. f, humilis, carnosus, Crassus, veut arctiusculis, petiolis brevibus lamina quinquies brevioribus, laminis oblongis jon ts obliquis, linea alba per medium et reti albo, pedunculo وت‎ ore meson 142 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY in bracteas abeuntibus duas, bracteis cucullatis triangulis acuminatis ovaria supe- rantibus, perigonio extus pilosulo, sepalis triangulis obtusis, petalis falcatis, calcari ovario pedicellato multo breviore acuto sulcato (hine apicibus appositis geminis), labelli ungue marginibus involutis antice acuto inflexis, callis rhombeis serratis geminis in basi, lacinia antica utrinque setis ad sex elongatis, lamina anteriore trifida, lacinia media triangula minuta, laciniis lateralibus porrectis divaricatis dolabriformibus, columne lamella anteposita adnata forcipata, rostello bidentato. 99. ETARIA MOULMEINENSIS, Par. et Rchb. f., ultrapedalis, eaule validiusculo, foliis sparsis, vaginis foliorum hyalinis amplis, petiolis angustis, laminis cuneato-oblongis, vaginis in caule superne glandipili tribus distantibus, racemo laxifloro rhachi et bracteis dorso et margine glandipilibus, bracteis ligulatis acuminatis uninerviis ovaria pedicellata calva haud sequantibus, sepalis triangulis acutis uninerviis, petalis dimidiato-semiovatis acutis uninerviis, labello basi ventricoso, isthmo canaliculato, apiee acuto in portionem anticam expansam quadrato-bilobam extus dentieulatam incumbente callis flabellatis duobus in fundo baseos ventricosee, carina parva ی‎ abrupta. Huic speciei affines sunt tres :— E. abbreviata, Lindl, Gen. et Sp. Orch. 481, que ungue (isthmo) ante lebellumi apice dilatatum bilobum optime recedit, sed eandem carinam et utrinque callum ostendit. E. anomala, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 185, labelli parte posteriore humili, carina humillima (non lamellseformi) callo laciniato didymo utrinque et ungue ante labelli apicem involuto bene recedit. Praterea sepala extus et ovarium bene pilosa. E. lanceolata (Dossinia lanceolata, Lind). in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 186), nostrse quam maxime affinis, optime recedit lamellis in ventre geminis, quod jam in India accura- tissime delineavit ill. J. D. Hooker. 23. HAMARIA DISCOLOR, Lindl., var. DAWSONIANA, Rchb. f. Nuper cl. Blume Ludisie nomen utpote quod antiquius Lindleyano nomini preetulit. Hec sunt documenta: In Dictionnaire classique d'Histoire Naturelle, viii. Févr. 1825, p. 456, sub Goodyera: “On a décrit récemment en Angleterre, sous le nom de Goodyera discolor, une autre plante, mais qui ne nous semble pas appartenir à ce genre. Elle en differe surtout par son labelle non concave mais offrant à sa base une petite bourse bilobée, par son pollen dont les deux masses sont caudiculées et sans glandes. Nous pensons que cette espèce forme un genre nouveau, que nous décrirons sous le nom de Ludisia. V. ce mot.” (A.R.) In vol. ix. tamen (1826), sub littera L, Zudisia non occurrit. Apud Lindley, Orchi- dearum sceletos, p. 9: * Hemaria (Godyera discolor, Ker)," nomen tantum, sed in Endlicher, * Genera,' p. 214 (1837) Hemaria, Lindl, inseritur cum descriptione et in Lindley * Genera et Species Orchidearum' (1840), p. 489, pariter adest cum descriptione. Ex his patet, “ A. R." (Achille Richard) plantam stabilire voluisse, sed id non fecisse, eum dubium hesisse. Ill. Lindley contra stricte genus proposuit. Inde genus Richardi- anum non accipiendum esse declaro, ut omnia illa genera hypothetice introducta. 2. ARETHUSER. 24. POGONIA VELUTINA, Par. et Rchb. f., sequenti elatior, folio amplo cordato elliptico acuto utrinque hispido, pedunculo subspitham:eo, vulgo bifloro, vaginis quaternis amplis CoU EE NA E THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 148 cucullatis acutis, bractea triangula minutissima pedicellum ovarii bene evolutum vix equante, floribus nutantibus seu porrectis magnis, sepalis petalisque cuneato-lineari- lanceolatis, labello circa columnam voluto oblongo obtusiusculo sepalis subbreviore seu breviore, columna valida clavata.— Flores magni ultra pollicem longi, purpureo-virides. Labellum album nervis purpureis lineaque mediana fulva. 96. PogoNIA MACULATA, Par. et Rchb. f., parvula, folio reniformi-elliptico acuto sinuato nigromaculato, pedunculo quadrivaginato, racemo unifloro seu bifloro, bracteis triangulis minutis, floribus nutantibus, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis, sepalis late- ralibus in mentum minutissimum productis, labello rhombeo acuto utrinque medio unidentato omnino levi, columna clavata.—Folia ex pictura Parishiana obscure viridia, maculis in disco atropurpureis in plicis inter angulos. Flores virides, labelli nervi obscurius virides. Columnz apex purpureus. 9. VANDEZ. 30. MONOMERIA CRABRO, Par. et Rchb. f. Videtur generis species primaria in paucissimis herbariis reperiri et nonnisi ex distributione Walliehiana. Sine dubio exstat in herbario Wallichiano. Ego vidi in herbario Lindleyano et Hookeriano et tandem duo ipse exemplaria obtinui ex collectione Wallichiana, quee nunc mea, olim domini Maille Parisiensis erat. Omnia specimina flores gerunt, qui examini haud idonei, forsan aque fervide quondam: immissi. Ill. Lindley petala nulla reperit, sed ex icone Wallichiana (Sertum Orchidaceum, Frontispiece) seriem dentium parvorum pingere jussit dominam Drake. Ego tandem ipsissima petala in flore Wallichiane plante reperi, dum jam prius Rev. Parish in illa planta, quam prope Taok, Februario 1871, unicam legit, eadem organa indicavit. Idem vir oculatissimus apparatum pollinicum detexit valde diversum ab illo, quem ill. Lindley noster in maneis floribus reperit. Adsunt pollinia quaterna sub- parallela, caudicula rigida linearis, atque glandula bene separabilis. Hine planta vere JMazillariis afnis evadit. Diagnoses utriusque speciei hic edo. Monomeria barbata, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 61, pseudobulbis cylindraceis mono- phyllis, foliis petiolatis oblongo-ligulatis (ultra 2" latis) apice amplis bilobis, pedunculis erectis plurifloris, ovariis pedicellatis prope semipollicaribus, petalis semiovatis fimbriatis latis, labelli carinis multierenatis, column pede curvo. : (Dendrobium tripetaloides, Roxb., quod in herbario Lindleyano hue ducitur, ex icone authentica in herbario Kewensi asservata est Bulbophyllum auricomum, Lindl.) Monomeria Crabro, pseudobulbis pyriformibus monophyllis, foliis petiolatis oblongo- ligulatis (11" latis) apice attenuatis bilobis, peduneulo plurifloro porrecto, ovariis pedi- cellatis pollicaribus, petalis triangulis fimbriatis angustis, labelli carinis integerrimis, columna recta. Planta hee rhizoma videtur habere longe scandens illi Bulbophylli Blepharistidis, Rehb. f, equale. Folium ultrapedale. Pedunculus longior, basi vaginis paucis luridis, superne violaceus, multiflorus. Bractez ovariis pedicellatis plus triplo breviores. Sepalum dorsale ovato-triangulum, acuminatum, citrinum, extus violaceo-tristriatum. Sepala lateralia oblongo-ligulata, apice introrsum obliqua, acuta, vulgo € contigua, U 144 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY flava, maculis violaceis. Sepala flava, apice violaceo-marginata. Labellum violaceum, margine lamine flavum. | Columnz utrinque limbo curvo apice acuto. Plate XXVIIL 1. Side view of flower. 2. Anterior view of column with petals. 3, Pollinarium, from Rev. Parish's drawing. 4, Bud. 5. The same, lateral sepal taken away for showing column, petal, and lip. 6. Lip, seen from above. 7. Lip, seen from underneath. 8. Column and anther fallen. From Dr. Reichenbach's sketches. y 31. THECOSTELE ALATA, Par. et Rchb. f. Ex icone Rev. Parishii, pseudobulbi breviter ovoidei costati, valde aggregati. Pedunculus pendulus. Perigonia albida, hinc flavo- lineata, maculis purpureis. Plate XXIX. 1. Parts of flower, seen from above. 2. Side view of flower, sepals and petals absent. 3. Lip, front view. 4. Top of column. 5. The same, oblique view.. 6. Anther, 7. Polli- narium. 94. CALANTHE BILOBA, Lindl., (3. OBTUSATA, Par. et Echb. f., labelli laciniis anticis obtusis. Ex icone Parishiana sepala et petala brunneo-atropurpurea, labelli lacineæ laterales disco flavee, nervis brunneis.— Planta major quam Sikkimensis. 38. CYRTOPERA MACROBULBON, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis subspheericis, foliis ob- longis acuminatis, pedunculo validissimo, basi vaginis paucis approximatis, medio squamis quibusdam lineari-setaceis bracteseformibus, apice longe racemoso, bracteis lineari-setaceis, ovaria pedicellata sequantibus seu superantibus, sepalis ligulatis acu- minatis, petalis cuneato-ovatis acutis, labelli mento obtusangulo conico bene producto, lamina oblonga apice triloba, lobo medio obtuso longiore supra discum asperulo et pilosulo, lobis lateralibus obtusangulis bene brevioribus, antherz vertice appendice semiovata.—Sepala et petala brunnea. Labellum flavidum, maculis in loborum discis rufis. Columna alba, anthera purpurea. 40. CymBıpıum Parisa, Rehb. f., juxta C. eburneum, foliis ligulato-linearibus acutis, pedunculo paucifloro ad tri-floro, vaginis scariosis lanceolo-faleatis acuminatis, floribus magnis, sepalis oblongo-ligulatis acutis, petalis oblongo-ligulatis acutis, labello a basi angusta flabellato-dilatato, antice trifido, laciniis lateralibus oblongis acutis antrorsis, lacinia media euneato-ovata acuta undulata sericeo-tecta ac sericeo-fimbriata, callo in disco antieo bilobo cum apieulo utrinque sericeo-villoso.— Prope C. eburneum, Lindl, quo paulisper minus, Dum hee scribo habeo ad manus typos Lindleyanos (Myrung, Griffith) et flores ex horto Veitchiano. Bractex in hoc nunc longiores, petala semper longiora, acuminata. Bene recedere videtur callo ac pube ae laciniarum figura. La- bellum album purpureo-striatum ac maculatum.—Meritissimo cl. Parish dicatum, certe puleherrimum omnium Cymbidiorum. 46. LuIsIa BRACHYsTACHYsS, Lindl., B. FLAVEOLA, Par. et Rchb. t floribus flavis, hypochilii disco toto purpureo, striis in labello purpureis. (Ex icone Parishiana.) 47. Luista PLATYGLOSSA, Rchb. f, sepala atropurpureo irrorata. Petala flavida, purpureo aspersa. Labellum flavum. ۱ 49. LUISIA PRIMULINA, Par. et Rchb. f, validissima, foliis teretibus crassis paucis, racemis paucifloris, sepalis oblongo-triangulis brevibus, petalis cuneato-oblongis obtusis acutisve, hypochilio carnoso sellæformi parvo, epichilio triangulo basi obtusangulo, THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 145 antice hinc lobato obtuso.—Flores ochroleuci. Hypochilium violaceum. Glandula basi lunata. i Plate XXX. I. Luisia primulina. l. Flower. 2. The same, side view. 3. Column and base of lip, side view. 4, 5. Pollinaria. 64. SACCOLABIUM GRIFFITUIL, Par. et Rchb. f., vultu Angreci disticha, Lindl., cauli- bus erectis seu ascendentibus densissime distiche foliatis, foliis aneipitibus triangulis utrinque paulo obtusangulis, racemis unifloris axillaribus paucivaginatis, sepalis peta- lisque ligulatis acutis, labello pandurato acuto, calcari saccato brevi.—Specimina paucos pollices alta. Folia 2-3" longa, 14” lata. Flores candidi, minuti. Juxta specimina sicca et iconem b. Griffith in herb. Lindl. 66. SACCOLABIUM BIPUNCTATUM, Par. et Rchb. f., caule gracilento radicante superne foliato, foliis lineari-ligulatis apice insequali bidentatis ad 5" longis, 4” latis, pedunculis subbifloris brevissimis, sepalis petalisque lineari-falcatis, labello trifido laciniis late- ralibus ligulatis obtusis valde abbreviatis, lacinia media ligulata acuta longe producta, calcari brevi saecato, callo in fundo inter lacinias, eallo membranaceo superne denti- eulato utrinque in fundo.—Sepala et labellum ad 3" longa. Sepala et petala flava. Labellum album. Lacinie laterales purpureo preetextze. Calcar viride (colores ad ic. Par.). 07. THRIXSPERMUM LEOPARDINUM, Par. et Rchb. f., caule ascendente validiusculo, radicibus aériis plurimis, foliis cuneato-ligulatis apice insequaliter bilobis, ad 6” longis, 2-4" latis, racemis abbreviatis, folia prima anthesi non dimidio sequantibus, rhachi com- pressa, bracteis triangulis, ovariis pedicellatis bene brevioribus, sepalis triangulis, petalis paulo angustioribus, labelli laciniis lateralibus anguste triangulis obtusis, lacinia media carnosa rotundula:multo breviore, gibbere didymo superposito, calcari clavato oblongo acuto multo longiore.—Perigonium ex icone Parishiana flavum maeulis purpureis. Labelli lacinise laterales ejusdem coloris, lacinia media alba, maculis purpureis. Calcar cylindraceum album. 71. THRIXSPERMUM HYSTRIX, Rchb. f.? Eadem planta adest in herbario Lindleyano. Mergui, Griffith n. 1066 ! 72. AüRIDES CRASSIFOLIUM, Par. et Rchb. f., valde affine Aéridi falcato, Lindl., sed recedere visum foliis crassis abbreviatis apice insequali bilobis nec pergameneis elongatis, labelli partitionibus lateralibus latioribus, partitione mediana expansa ecarinata. Florum color demum in hac specie rufo-purpureus, labelli lacinia media obscurior. Calear flavidum, apice viride. 15. THELASIS pyemma, Lindl. Dense cæspitosa. Pedunculi vagine ac bractex intense brunneze; flores viriduli. é 79. PODOCHILUS LucEscENs, Blume, saltem Lindl. Labellum candidum, apice maculis paucis purpureis. 83. GEODORUM crrrivum, Jacks. in Bot. Rep. t. 686, B, albido-purpureum, Par. et Reh. f., foliis melius petiolatis, floribus albido-flavis, labello purpureo disco flavido. callis in labello nullis. ۱ ۰ 146 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY 4. EPIDENDREA. 87. CŒLOGYNE (ERECTE) UNIFLORA, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 43. C. biflora, Parish, Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 1035. Epidendrum, Griff. Posth. Pap. tab. ecexiii. Felicissime nuper cl. Parish indigitavit, hane bifloram veram esse Cologynem unifloram, Lindl., et quidem conductus colore labelli. Basin labelli ab ill. Lindley haud bene visam esse dentes laterales in ipsissimo herbarii specimine typico demonstrant. 88. CŒLOGYNE (ERECTA) OCHRACEA, Lindl., subsp. CONFERTA, Par. et Rchb. f., humilis, compacta, pseudobulbis pyriformi-conicis, foliis petiolatis oblongo-acutis geminis, pedun- culis tota basi vaginis nitidis obtectis apice plurifloris, bracteis oblongo-ligulatis ovaria pedicellata longe excedentibus, sepalis petalisque ligulato-lanceolatis acuminatis, labello trifido, laciniis lateralibus reetangulis, lacinia antica elliptica acuta, carinis per discum ternis cruribus basi angulatis, lateralibus extrorsum exsilientibus.—Forsan propria species, sed characteres ad separandam speciem idonei nulli in promptu, nisi forsan ovaria pedicellata adeo brevia, quod tamen et dispositione loci explicari potest. Color florum ex icone Parishiana exacte talis, qualis in Lindl. Bot. Reg: 1846. Plate XXX. II. Celogyne ochracea. 6. Flower, side view. 7. Lip. 8. The same, expanded. 89. CŒLOGYNE (ERECTA) GRAMINIFOLIA, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis seriatis pyri- formi-ligulatis costatis diphyllis, foliis linearibus acuminatis valde strietis, racemis basi a vaginis contectis ante pseudobulbi formationem paucifloris (3) erectis, bracteis anthesi dejeetis, sepalis lanceolatis, petalis linearibus acutis, labello trifido, laciniis lateralibus obtusangulis, lacinia media cuneato-ovata acuta, carinis geminis per longitudinem incras- satis, interposita antice carinula incrassata tertia. | 90. CŒLOGYNE (ERECTE) LENTIGINOSA, Lindl. (Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5958). A simili C. trinervi, Lindl., energetice differt carinis ancipitibus rectis, nec plicatis. 92. OWLOGYNE (PROLIFERE) RIGIDA, Par. et Rchb. f, pseudobulbis approximatis oblongis ancipitibus, hine -costatis diphyllis, foliis petiolatis lato-oblongis acutis ultra- spithameeis duos pollices latis, pedunculis nudis, sub inflorescentia pauciflora stricta seu fractiflexa distiche vaginatis, sepalis triangulis, petalis filiformi-linearibus, labello basi subsaceato trifido, laciniis lateralibus erectis obtusangulis, lacinia media cuneata elliptica biloba, earinis geminis plicatis per discum carina tertia parvula interposita.— Flores illis Pholidotarum valde similes, vix ultra dimidium pollicem longi, pallide ochracei, labelli carinis fusco preetextis. 93. CELOGYNE (PROLIFERE) UsTULATA, Par. et Rchb. f., rhizomate brevi, pseudo- bulbis aggregatis fusiformi-ovoideis diphyllis, foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis, pedunculo — gracili sub racemo paucifloro, vaginis distichis brevibus, bracteis ovatis obtuse acutis fores subsequantibus, sepalis ligulatis acutis, petalis linearibus, labello trilobo, lobis lateralibus semiovatis, lobo medio retuso lobulato, carinis geminis obscuris per discum, columna "poe ampliata.—Pseudobulbi sesquipollicares. Folia duos pollices longa, duas pollicis tertias lata. Flores minuti illis Celogynes micranthe subequales. Calogyné THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 147 flavida satis recedit foliis, pseudobulbis aggregatis, &c. Flores ex icone Parishiana flavidi, brunneo preetexti. 95. CELOGYNE (FILIFERE) CYCNocHzs, Par. et Rchb. f, pseudobulbis cylindraceis brevibus dense seriatis diphyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongo-ligulatis acuminatis, racemo paucifloro anthesi bracteato, bracteis spathaceis ovaria pedicellata superantibus, sepalis lineari-ligulatis, petalis linearibus, labello trifido, laciniis lateralibus antrorsum acutis, lacinia media ab isthmo brevi cordata transverse ovata acuta, carinis per discum ternis | depressis in basi lacinise anticze dilatatis. Affinis Celogyne brunnee, a qua bene recedit ipsa statura duplo minore, bracteis anthesi persistentibus, carinarum indole inzequali, floribus viridibus fusco pretextis. Labelli dimidium superius viride, dimidium anticum albidum brunneo pictum. 101. EnrA (CONCHIDIUM) PLEUROTHALLIS, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbo minutissimo a vaginis tecto, monophyllo, folio petiolato oblongo triangulo apice insequali obtuse biden- tato coriaceo, pedunculo capillari unifloro elongato laterali sericea villoso, bractea acuta ovarium pedicellatum sequante, sepalis ligulato-triangulis trinerviis pilosulis, lateralibus (supremis!) basi saccata obtusangulis, petalis linearibus, labello ligulato antice trilobo, lobis lateralibus obsolete angulatis, lobo antico transverse trilobulo, carinis obsoletis geminis ante lobum anticum.—Pusilla. Folia vix duos pollices longa. Pedunculus vix 2 pollicis longus. Flos illo Erie floribunde, Lindl, adhue minor. Ex icone Parishiana flores candidi striis purpureis. Labellum album lobo antico flavo. Strie in labello purpurese. Plate XXX. III. Eria Pleurothallis. 9, 10. Flowers. 11. Upper sepal. 12. Sepal. 13. Lip, seen from above. 14. Lip, side view. 15. Column, side view. 16. Anther-case, underside. 17. Polli- narıum, : 103. Erıa (Concuri1um) Parisi, Lindl. & Rchb. f., affinis Erie Jerdoniane, Lindl., pseudobulbis depresso-spheericis minutis, vaginis demum in rete solutis, foliis geminis ovatis acutis margine ciliatis, racemis sessilibus unifloris seu bifloris, mento obtuso tumido, sepalis triangulis, lateralibus alte coalitis extus prope calvis, petalis linearibus trinerviis, labello ligulato acuto brevissimo.— Perigonium ex icone Parishiana testaceum basibus atro-brunneis. 104. ERIA (CoNCHIDIUM) USTULATA, Par. et Rchb. f., affinis Erie Jerdoniane, Lindl., pseudobulbis depresso-spheericis, vaginis in rete fascieulorum vasorum demum solutis, foliis in pseudobulbis juvenibus geminis ovatis acutis abbreviatis ciliatis et hinc asperulo- papulosis, racemo sessili nunc bifloro, perigonio extus hispido, sepalo summo triangulo acuminato, sepalis. lateralibus basi saccatis, apice liberis, dentibus uncinatis deorsum versis, petalis lanceolato-falcatis trinerviis, labello oblongo-acuto undulato, umbone in ipsa basi.—Flores ex icone Parishiana atro-brunnei. 105. EnrA (CONCHIDIUM) pAsYPHYLLA, Par. et Richb. f., rhizomate repente, omnibus vaginis hispidis, foliis spatulatis obtuse coriaceis pilosis geminis nunc solitariis, pedunculo exserto hispido apice bracteato, bractea ovarium hispidum longe non sequante, mento ‚obtuso, sepalo summo angusto triangulo, sepalis lateralibus multo majoribus, petalis ligulatis acutis, labello rhombeo retuso obtusangulo, columna obtusa. 148 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY — Planta a me semper pro Bulbophyllo habita, uti ab ill. Lindley, donec cl. Parish polli. narium inspexit. Acrosticho minuto comparabile. Folia carnosa a Parish dicuntur, Near Henzai-basin, also road to: Meta-Tavoy, Parish.—Mergui, 18 Jul. 1818; Leonga river on Mangifera, Helfer (hb. Hook. !); Sikkim, Dr. Hooker! Kurz! 108. ERIA (ANIA) HOLOGLOSSA, Par. et Rchb. f., toto habitu simillima Erie bicorni, Rchb. f., racemo sublaxiore, bracteis triangulis ovaria pedicellata longe non »equantibus, . sepalis lineari-ligulatis acutis, petalis subzqualibus, labello ecalearato oblongo, obtuso utrinque ante medium nune minute angulato, carinis ternis per discum lateralibus pli- catis, carina mediana longiore subrecta, anther vertice inornato. 109. Erra (MusctcoLa) MUSCICOLA, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. iii. 47. Hue refero Parishianam plantam ob apicem cuspidatum recurvum labelli, sed vix crediderim Eriam | Dalzelli, Lindl., vere esse diversam. 110. ERIA (PHREATIA) PERPUSILLA, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis depresso-spheericis ۱ costatis, pedunculis ex caulibus novellis basi vaginatis gracilibus teretiusculo-filiformibus bivaginatis, vaginis brevibus triangulo-ochreatis apice racemosis (racemis nunc nutan- tibus ?), bracteis scarioso-membranaceis triangulis uninerviis, mento modico, perigonio tenuissimo, sepalis triangulis uninerviis, petalis lineari-faleatis uninerviis, labello lineari- ligulato uninervi basi subsaecata.— Flores albi uti crystalla sacchari. Columna et ovarium viridia. Etiam a Lobbio in herb. Lindl. | 119. Erıa (HYMENERIA) ERIOPSIDOBULBON, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis oblongis minutissime insculpto-rugosis, junioribus basi vaginis 6 membranaceis foliisque 2-3 ligu- latis acutis quintam ovarii pedicellati puberuli partem subsequantibus, mento obtus- angulo, sepalis petalisque faleatis acutis, sepalis extus pubescentibus, labello a cuneata basi medio trifido, laciniis lateralibus angulato-faleatis, isthmo angustissimo, lacinia antice cordato-obreniformi cum apiculo in sinu. © 120. ERIA (HYMENERIA) CONCOLOR, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobullbis cylindraceo-abbre- —— viatis (3" altis) paucifoliis, foliis membranaceis ligulatis acutis, racemis lateralibus ad | quinquefloris, rhachi parce pilosula, bracteis ovatis acutis ciliolato-dentatis ovaria pedi- cellata dimidia scabrula haud sequantibus, mento obtusangulo, sepalo dorsali ligulato acuto, sepalis lateralibus triangulis, petalis linearibus acutiusculis, labello trifido, laciniis lateralibus anticis obtusato-rectangulis, lacinia antica porrecta ligulata retuso-emarginata tota incrassata, carinis incrassatis ternis a basi in basin lacini; antiee.—Flores illis Erie Griffithii, Rchb. f., equales, ex icone Parishiana flavidi. Labelli laciniz laterales virides, carine brunnese. Cl. Rev. Parish observavit hanc ex pseudobulbis junioribus foliatis Julio, dein ex vetustis aphyllis Februario florere. 128. CRYPTOCHILUS MEIRAX, Par. et Rehb. f., pseudobulbis depresso-turbinatis, fibrarum fasciculis simplicibus non reticulatis, floribus ante folia evolutis, bractea membranacea spathacea acuta perigonii basin superante, ovario calvo, sepalis alte connatis acutis, lateralibus basi in calcar spurium obtusum coalitis, petalis euneato-ovatis acutis ciliolatis, lamina intus pilosa, labello obtusangulo triangulo undulato, angulis baseos obtusatis, callo bilobo in basi. uH THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 149 5. MALAXIDER. 180. DENDROBIUM ATROPURPUREUM, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 644.— Ozystophyllum atro- purpureum, Bl. Rumphia, iv. 241; Aporum concinnum, Lindl. MSS. distr. Wallich. 131. DENDROBIUM (APORUM) TERMINALE, Par. et Rchb. f., caule tenui ancipiti, foliis (ex icone Rev. Parish in vita) approximatis ensatis (siccis nervosis) abbreviatis, floribus subterminalibus, mento curvulo triangulo obtuso, sepalis triangulis, petalis linearibus acutis, labello cuneato flabellato bilobo, lobis obtusis, callo carinali nullo. Aporum micranthum, b. ill. Griffith, facillime distinguendum carina unica a basi usque ante apicem bifidum excurrente, ibi abrupta (cfr. Cale. Journ. iv. t. xvi. f. 7 JE 133. DENDROBIUM (APORUM) MULTIFLORUM, Par. et Rchb. f., caule validiusculo anci- piti, foliis distantibus triangulis ensatis, floribus lateralibus seu terminalibus, nune gemi- natis, mento bene angulato producto, sepalis ligulato-triangulis, petalis linearibus obtusis, labello ligulato flabellato emarginato lateribus lobulato, carinis obscuris elevatis geminis a basi usque ante apicem.—F lores flavi. Plate XXXI. II. Dendrobium multiflorum. 5. Flower, front view. 6. Sepals and lip, expanded. 7. Column, anterior yiew. 136. DENDROBIUM (EUDENDROBIUM) PACHYGLOSSUM, Par. et Rehb. f., caulibus usque quinque pollices longis, tenuibus sulcatis vaginis junioribus nigro hispidis, foliis in supe- riore eaule linearibus acuminatis, floribus lateralibus solitariis seu geminis parvulis, sepalis triangulis, lateralibus in calear extinctoriiforme obtusum extensis, petalis linea- ribus acuminatis, labello cuneato oblongo-ligulato apice trilobo, lobis lateralibus obtu- satis, lobo medio brevissime producto semiovato, carinis geminis per discum, columna apice bidentata.—Flores in icone cl. Rev. Parish musei Kewensis albidi. Sepala brunneo striata. Labellum albidum, basi brunneo-tristriatum, apice viride. Apud nos «estuario gaudet striis viridibus, et tale depinxit Rev. Parish in icone, quee in herb. ill. di. Lindley, mutuata.—Simillimum est Dendrobium attenuatum, Lindl.! Typi tamen recedunt caule multo breviore, foliis longioribus, pluribus, longius persistentibus, labelli lacinia antica majore porrecta crenulata multipapulosa, laciniis lateralibus crenatis. Certe non idem. 137. DENDROBIUM BAMBUSJEFOLIUM, Par. et Rchb. f., juxta D. salaccense et luzonense, Lindl., caule calami columbini crassitudine, vaginis arpophyllaceo-serobieulatis, foliis distichis linearibus acuminatis, siceis papyraceis, usque 7" longis, 3" latis, florum fasciculis lateralibus 1-3-floris, sepalo summo triangulo, sepalis lateralibus triangulis in mentum retrorsum obtusangulum extensis, petalis euneato-ovatis acutis, labello ligulato flabellato Auc obscurissime trilobo retuso, medio utrinque obscurissime obtusangulo, apice ilobo. Simillimum Dendrobium heemoglossum, Thw. (Thw. Hook. f. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 429 !), bene recedit labello acuto, quod ipse vidi. 138. DENDROBIUM FINDLEYANUM, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulborum articulis a basi tenui clavato-incrassatis, vaginis parvis, foliis cuneato-lanceolatis acutis apice bidentatis, pedun- culis uni- bifloris, sepalis linearibus acutis revolutis, petalis a basi cuneata ovato-triangulis, labello cuneato oblongo obtuso integro hine microscopice denticulato, toto disco velutino asperulo, lineis asperulis 5 ante callum basi abruptum, columna verisimiliter inornata. VOL. Xxx, X 150 : PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY Simile D. crassinodi, Bens. et Rchb. f., cujus nodi dilatati ae breviores, sepala et petala lilacina, labellum disco flavum, ceterum album lilacino marginatum striolis pur- pureis quibusdam in basi. 142. DENDROBIUM SCABRILINGUE, Lindl. (D. hedyosmum, Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5515). Hac planta ab ill. nostro Lindley in Borneo insula fuit indicata. Cum egregius collector Lobb ibi que ac in Burmah collegerit, facile conjiciendum, eum lapsu quodam plantam inter Borneenses transtulisse. 166. DENDROBIUM PUMILUM, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. 6, est ipsissimum D. pu- milum, Roxb. Ic.! et Roxburghii descriptio diagnostica (Fl. Ind. iii. p. 479) usque ad “where it blossoms during the rains," est veræ plante. Omnia reliqua pertinent ad Eriam flavam, Lindl., qus in eadem tabula Roxburghii repræsentatur. Griffithii de- scriptio brevis quidem, at certe primitus optima (Notul.iii. 315). Ill. beatus Lindley | veram habuit plantam, sed florem, eheu! spurium, forte D. pygmei. Cxspitosum, parvum, pseudobulbis a basi tenui elongatis subtetragonis nitidis, usque . 4 longis, diphyllis, foliis oblongis obtuse acutis, floribus solitariis terminalibus, sepalo dorsali triangulo, sepalis lateralibus subzequalibus in angulum obtusum extensis, petalis linearibus acutis, labello ligulato flabellato bilobo.—Flores albi, labelli disco flavo. Plate XXXI. I. Dendrobium pumilum. 1. Flower, side view. 2. Sepal. 3. Expanded lip. 4. Side view of column. 169. DENDROBIUM (DENDROCORYNE) CHRYSOCREPIS, Par. et Rchb. f., caulibus adultis a basi tenui dilatata compressis paucifoliis, foliis euneato-oblongo-ligulatis acuminatis carnosulis, pedunculis ex pseudobulbis vetustis lateralibus unifloris, mento angulato, sepalis lateralibus ligulatis acutis, petalis latioribus obtuse apiculatis, labello ab ungue latiusculo elongato calceolari, apice retuso involuto paulisper fisso, utrinque lobulo superposito insiliente, extus velutino, intus pilis incurvis pluribus, columna brevissima antice villosa.—Juxta .D. euphlebium, Rchb. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. 7, valde diversum labello, ac caule vix dubie tetragono. Caules in D. Chrysocrepide juvenes subteretes, foliis. 4 seu 5, vaginis ancipitibus, adultiores evadunt plani, ac laterales ramos — edunt. 171. BULBOPHYLLUM (TRIAS) ProrUM, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis turbinatis annu- latis monophyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis, pedunculis unifloris, sepalis abbreviatis lato-triangulis angulatis, petalis cuneato-ovatis apiculatis bene brevi- oribus, labello oblongo-ligulato acuto utrinque medio dente erecto obscuro obtuso parvo, columna antice in angulis omnino equali, anthera proboscidea elongata angusta.—Albo- viridulum maeulis pluribus purpureis, ex icone Rev. Parish. : 175. BULBOPHYLLUM (MowawTHA) CAPILLIPES, Par. et Rchb. f, rhizomate vali- diusculo annulato, pseudobulbis distantibus, pyriformi-fusiformibus tenuibus monophy. llis, basi a fibris stipatis, foliis cuneato-ligulatis acutis, pedunculis tenuissimis valde abbre- viatis, bracteis ..... ‚ Sepalo dorsali triangulo, sepalis lateralibus ovato-triangulis multo majoribus, omnibus septemnerviis, petalis oblongis apiculatis septemnerviis sepalo dorsali subequalibus, labello in column pede elongato oblongo obtuso acuto, utrinque medio angulato-dentato, eucullato, columna ebrachiata. -— — rover AS IAS A ae AA THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. 151 Ex icone Rev. Parish sepala et petala straminea venis rufis. Labellum purpureo-viola- ceum. Columna extus flava, antice brunnea, Pseudobulbi usque pollicares. Folia usque 6 pollices longa, dimidium pollicem lata. Flores mire ludunt illos Polystachye Ottoniane seu P. pubescentis, Rchb. f, quibus equimagni. Ortum peduneuli atque bracteam examinare non potui. Plate XXXII. I. Bulpophyllum capillipes. 1. Sepals and petals expanded. 2. Lip, oblique side view. 3. Column. ` 176. BULBOPHYLLUM (MONANTHA) MONILIFORME, Par. et Rehb. f., rhizomate tenui fibroso, pseudobulbis depresso-spheericis monophyllis seriatis rhizomati adnatis, foliis P, , pedunculo capillaceo tenui basi vaginata, bractea cupulari, floris elongati mento abbreviato, sepalis ligulatis acutis, dorsali irinervi, lateralibus quinquenerviis, petalis bene brevioribus ligulatis obtuse acutis, labello ligulato obtuse acuto, margine posteriore utrinque erecto, basi rotundata, columna biseta, setis erectis.—Flores minuti, vix 23 lin. longi, flavidi. 177. BULBOPHYLLUM (PTILOGLOSSUM) PENICILLIUM, Par. et Rchb, f, pseudobulbis pyriformibus haud valde distantibus, monophyllis, foliis petiolato-oblongo-lanceolatis acutis, pedunculo folium spithamzeum longe excedente paucivaginato, apice longe race- moso, bracteis triangulo-setaceis ovaria pedicellata subeequantibus, sepalis triangulis, petalis oblongis obtusis brevibus ciliatis, labello a basi latiore acuminato papillis fili- formibus multis plumoso, columnz angulis aristato-porrectis. 179. BULBOPHYLLUM (LEMNISCOA) LEMNISCATUM, Par., 8. TUMIDUM, Par. et Rchb. f., peduneulo porrecto curvato superne valde tumido, racemo deflexo, bracteis lato-triangulis xanthinis (nec lineari-setaceis acuminatis), ovariis valde hispidis, sepalis ovato-triangulis hispidis decidue lemniscatis, petalis lineari-lanceolatis uninerviis, labello cordato trian- gulo crasso obtuso brevi, column aristis incurvis. 180. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) ALCICORNE, Par. et Rchb. f, rhizomate repente valido, pseudobulbis minutis monophyllis, folio cuneato spathulato oblongo obtuse acuto, 4” longo, supra 1” lato, pedunculo gracili ima basi bivaginato, superne distanter bivaginato, racemo nutante multifloro, bracteis triangulis uninerviis minutis ovaria pedi- cellata subzequantibus, sepalis triangulo-ligulatis obtuse acutis ad apicem prope connatis, petalis ovato-triangulis subserratis uninerviis, labello unguiculato basi sagittato laciniis erectis, ligulato carnoso obtuso, columns brachiis tridentatis.—Flores ex minoribus, albidi, lineis atropurpureis. Labellum flavidum. Simile Osyricere crassifolie, Bl. 181. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) XYLOPHYLLUM, Par. et Rchb. f, juxta B. khasy- amt, Griff., rhizomate repente valido, pseudobulbis distantibus subnullis (seu valde parvis), foliis petiolatis late oblongo-ellipticis carnosissimis, pedunculis tenuissimis, vaginis duabus acutis folium subzequantibus, floribus capitatis, bracteis triangulis ovaria pedicellata subæquantibus, floribus bene coriaceis, sepalo dorsali triangulo, sepalis infe- rioribus semiovatis obtuse acutis, petalis ligulatis acutis trinerviis brevioribus, labello carnoso ligulato obtuso flexo utrinque supra basin angulato, column® brachiis tridentatis, dente medio majore.—Flores viriduli, minuti. 9 * 152 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY 183. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) SICYOBULBON, Par. et Rchb. f., rhizomate valido, pseudobulbis conicis monophyllis, folio cuneato oblongo-ligulato acuto, pedunculo validi usculo parte florida porrecta, vaginis in basi pluribus, sursum duabus laxis amplis, racemo plurifloro densifloro, bracteis linearibus acutis uninerviis flores subeequantibus, sepalo dorsali oblongo-triangulo breviusculo trinervi, sepalis lateralibus ligulatis acumi. natis quinquenerviis longioribus, petalis triangulis hine dentato-serratis aristatis uni. nerviis, labello carnoso basi utrinque falcula parva antrorsa ligulato, margine velutino, columna biseta, setis erectis. (Etiam Lobb in herb. Lindl.) 184. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) CUPREUM, Lindl, subsp. STENOPETALUM, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis. conico-turbinatis, monophyllis, foliis cuneato-ligulatis acutis, racemis longis cernuis, bracteis lineari-setaceis ovaria subzequantibus, sepalo dorsali triangulo abbreviato, sepalis lateralibus triangulis porrectis, petalis minutis triangulis integerrimis, labello porrecto ligulato aeuminato basi rotundato utrinque unifaleato, columnee setis aristeeformibus ereetis.— Flores flavido-aurantiaci. 185. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) PARVIFLORUM, Par. et Rchb. f., rhizomate repente valido, pseudobulbis sphzerico-depressis, monophyllis, foliis a petiolorum basibus ligulatis acutis, peduneulis gracilibus parce (5-) arcte vaginatis, superne longe racemosis, minuti- floris, bracteis triangulis uninerviis ovaria pedicellata non sequantibus, mento angulato, sepalis triangulis trinerviis ciliatis, labello a basi cordata linguseformi obtuso medio piloso crasso, columna triseta, seta postica plumosa, setis anticis calvis acuminatis.—Flores albidi, minuti, illis B. pendul adhue minores. Labellum viride. Affine B. auricomo. 186. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) AURICOMUM, Lindl. Re vera petala sunt ciliata in ipsissimis typis Lindleyanis. Prius ob has cilias a b. Lindley non descriptas nominatum fuit B. feenisecii, Parish! Ipsissimus tamen Rev. Parish plantam esse eandem felicissime auguravit. 188. BULBOPHYLLUM (RACEMOSA) GRACILE, Par. et Rehb. f., pseudobulbis dense aggre- gatis depresso-spheericis siccis gibbosis, peduneulo capillaceo basi vaginis paucis acutis distantibus, apice longe racemoso, bracteis triangulo-setaceis ovaria pedicellata sub- zequantibus, sepalis triangulis tri- quinquenerviis extus hispidulis, petalis linearibus uni- nerviis, labello cordato ligulato obtuso ancipiti, columna triseta, setis acutis paulo longi oribus. Flores breves atropurpurei, bene secundi. Racemus valde tenuis. 189. BULBOPHYLLUM ( RACEMOSA) LIMBATUM, Par. et Rchb. f., pseudobulbis rotundulis, vaginis in fibras solutis, foliis euneato-ohlongis apice minute bilobulis, cartilagineo- marginatis, superne obscure viridibus, inferne luride violaceis, racemo erecto basi paucr vaginato, apice racemoso paucifloro, bracteis triangulis scariosis ovario pedicellato non eequalibus, mento valde obliquo, sepalo dorsali oblongo obtuso, sepalis lateralibus li- gulatis obtuse acutis, medio obtusissime carinatis, petalis brevissimis lato-linearibus, a triangulis erosis, labello trifido, laciniis lateralibus triangulis, superne denticulatis, | lacinia medio lato ligulato carnoso papilloso ciliolata, carinula una in basi, carinulls duabus divergentibus, una utrinque in laciniam lateralem exeunte, columna trigona apice 1 hiis tridentata.—Sepalum dorsale rufum, punctis plurimis flavis transparentibus. E epala lateralia linea mediana viridi, ceterum omnino brunnea, maculis pluribus flaridis THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN 153 Sepala viridula apice atropurpurea. Labellum atropurpureum. Columna flavida, antice et limbo atropurpurea. (Ad vivum ex horto Saundersiano.) 193. BULBOPHYLLUM STENOBULBON, Par. et Rchb. f, rhizomate longissime repente tenui, pseudobulbis teretiusculis apice attenuatis monophyllis distantibus, foliis cuneato- oblongo-ligulatis apice bilobo obtusatis paulo attenuatis (23" longis, 4” latis), pedunculis ex basi pseudobulborum et ex rhizomatis vaginis 3-5-vaginatis, vaginis angustis apice racemosis, floribus ad 3, bracteis triangulis ovaria pedicellata non sequantibus, sepalis triangulis ligulatis trinerviis, petalis oblongis obtusis trinerviis tertia brevioribus, labello a basi cordata ligulato-lineari obtuso, columna brevi apice biaristata.—Flores minuti, vix 2 lineas longi, flavi. Pseudobulbi duas pollicis tertias longi. 194. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) LASIOCHILUM, Par. et Rehb. f., pseudobulbis distantibus ovoideis costatis monophyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongis obtusatis, pedunculo ` unifloro, sepalo dorsali ligulato acuminato, sepalis lateralibus a basi cuneata ligulatis subliberis apice cohserentibus, petalis falcatis acuminatis ciliatis, labello ancipiti compresso utrinque angulato in ungue peltato pilis sericeis antrorsis multis vestito, columna apice sexdentata, dentibus geminis apice linearibus porrectis, reliquis minutis, angulo utrin- que juxta foveam.—Olim ab ill. Griffith detectum, nunc iterum lectum. 195. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) PUMILIO, Par. et Rchb. f., valde affine B. retusiusculo, Rchb. f., sed floribus nutantibus, sepalo dorsali apice attenuato, sepalis lateralibus rectis, nec tortis recedere visum, ne dicam de statura duas tertias imminuta.— Pseudobulbi distantes, conici, monophylli; folia cuneato-ligulata acuta. Pedunculus gracilis, hine ultra duos pollices altus, capillaris, apice pauciflorus, umbellatus. Bractes triangulo-setacex ovariis pedicellatis plus duplo breviores. Sepalum dorsale triangulum, trinerve, nervis clavatis. Labellum a basi sagittatum, triangulum, anceps. Columna apice erecto bicornis. Sepala et petala albido-flavida nervis atropurpureis. Sepala late- ralia flava, Labellum flavum, intus basi purpureum. Columna flava. 198. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) BOOTANENSE, Par. et Rchb., f., rhizomate longe repente, pseudobulbis distantibus conieis monophyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongis obtuse acutis, peduneulis bifloris (ex Griff. trifloris), bracteis oblongis acutis convolutis ovaria pedicellata dimidia non zequantibus, sepalo summo ovato acutiusculo brevi, sepalis late- ralibus oblongo-ligulatis convolutis, mento basilari obtusangulo, petalis semilanceolatis acuminatis, labello semisigmoideo carnoso flexo ancipiti, columns auriculis erectis aristatis.—Flores exicone Rev. Parish viriduli brunneo-purpureo maculati. Cirrhope- talum bootanensis, Griff. Notul. iii. 286; Griff. Ic. Plant. As. pl. cexcix. | ; Plate XXXIL II. Bulbophyllum bootanense. 4. Side view of flower. 5. Dorsal view of flower. 6. Side view of column and lip. 7. Sepal.. 8. Side view of column. 9. Pollinia, back side view. 199. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) GRIFFITHIANUM, Par. et Rchb. f, pseudo- bulbis distantibus, conico-tetragonis monophyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongis acutis, pedun- culis arcte bivaginatis, floribus bene umbellatis, sepalo dorsali triangulo setaceo ciliato, sepalis lateralibus cuneato-oblongo-ligulatis acutis trinerviis, petalis triangulis acuminatis ciliatis, labello ancipiti sigmoideo utroque latere incrassato, columnze auriculis obtusatis. 154 PROF. REICHENBACH ON THE ORCHIDS COLLECTED BY A Rev. Parish cum Cirrhopetalo gamosepalo, Griff. Notul. 206, comparatur, quod labello acuminato sepalisque lateralibus punctatis recedere videtur.—Flores ex icone Rev. Parish albidi, brunneo striati. Columna purpureo maculata. 200. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) TRIPUDIANS, Par. et Rehb. f., pseudobulbis depresso-conicis, foliis ..., peduneulo vaginis arctis ternis distantibus, apice. prono, racemo breviusculo disticho, bracteis latis scariosis brevissimis ovatis apiculatis deciduis, sepalo dorsali perbrevi oblongo acuminato ciliato lacero fornicato, sepalis lateralibus ligulatis acutis in areum connatis, petalis triangulis margine ciliato-fimbriatis acuminatis, labello carnoso pandurato brevi utrinque incrassato, pilorum fasciculis tecto, columne setis utrinque productis.—Ex icone Rev. Parish sepala ochracea. Labellum violaceum. Petala ochracea striis geminis violaceis. Columna albida, bracteis violaceis. Simillimum Cirrhopetalum Wallichii, Lindl. !, jam bracteis acuminatis elongatis, facillime distin- guitur, quæ persistunt. 201. BULBOPHYLLUM (CIRRHOPETALUM) MERGUENSE, Par. et Rchb. f, rhizomate repente, pseudobulbis oblongis costatis nitidis monophyllis, foliis cuneato-oblongo-ligulatis obtuse acutis, pedunculo bivaginato apice bractea lanceolata brevi unifloro, sepalo dorsali triangulo acuminato ciliato apice clavis deciduis fimbriato, sepalis lateralibus linearibus acutis tortis valde longioribus, petalis triangulis ciliatis apice clavis deciduis onustis, labello cordato-triangulo obtuso carnoso, columna apice utrinque obtusangula.—Color floris albido-flavus. Sepala et petala purpureo striata. Labellum purpureum. Columna flavida. Hæc ad iconem Rev. Parish. Obs. Professor Oliver kindly informs me that a living specimen, sent by M. Berkeley, jun., shows strictly five-angled pseudobulbs. 204. MALAXIS (OBERONIA) Myosurvs, Par. et Rchb. f., cespitosa, paucifolia, acaulis, foliis prope cylindraceis minutis papulis obtectis, pedunculo basi paucivaginato, superne cylindraceo racemoso, bracteis lanceis, margine microscopice denticulatis, sepalis trian- gulis obtusis, petalis linearibus, labello oblongo, apice longe bifido laciniis filiformibus, utrinque quinquedentato, quasi bipectinato, dentibus superioribus ternis obtusis, infe- rioribus acuminatis.— Oberonia Myosurus, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 16, descriptio et planta Wallichii, excl. syn. Forst.; planta Wallichii in herbario Lindleyano, n. 1947 €, Nepalia, 1821; planta Wallichii in herbario Hookeriano, n. 1947, lecta ad Taka Nepalize, Martio 1821.— Folia usque 5 pollices longa. Hucusque omnino obscura. 211. LrPAnis JovIs-PLUVII, Par. et Rchb. f., affinis Liparidi paradoxe, Rchb. f., foliis membranaceis 2-4 nunc limbo albo viridique tessellatis, cuneato-oblongis acuminatis bene nervosis, pedunculo longe exserto apice racemoso, racemo plurifloro, bracteis lineari- lanceolatis deflexis, floribus minutis, sepalis linearibus, petalis filiformibus, labello: columns per unguem adnato dein cordato oblongo acuto, columna apice utrinque quadrato-auriculata. 7 ak LIPARIS STENOGLOSSA, Par. et Rehb. f., spithamzea, foliis membranaceis quaternis : a a longiuseula ovatis bene acutis, summo quidem folio multo angustiore, racemo laxifloro, bracteis triangulis quam ovaria pedicellata infima subbrevioribus, quam reliqua THE REV. E. C. PARISH IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF MOULMEIN. | 155 bene brevioribus, sepalis lineari-ligulatis lateralibus obliquis, petalis anguste linearibus, labello ligulato apice retuso bilobo, columna gracili apice utrinque rotundato alata. 913. LIPARIS BISTRIATA, Par. et Rchb. f., humilis, pseudobulbis cylindraceis (?), caule florido amplo vaginato diphyllo, foliis pergameneis cuneato-oblongo-ligulatis api- culatis, racemo plurifloro, rhachi superne alata, bracteis anguste triangulis uninerviis ovaria pedicellata sequantibus, sepalis lineari-ligulatis, petalis lineari-filiformibus, labello lineari-pandurato apice retuso denticulato, columna apice ampliata.—Flores virides. Lines in labelli basi dus brunneze a cl. Parish observato. 214. Laparis PACHYPUS, Par. et Rchb. f., humilis, pseudobulbis crassis brevibus pyri- formibus monophyllis, folio pergameneo cuneato ligulato acuminato, pedunculo alato racemoso, bracteis lineari-acuminatis ovaria subeequantibus, sepalis linearibus trinerviis, petalis lineari-filiformibus, labello cuneato flabellato emarginato-bilobo crenulato ima basi obscure bicalloso, columna basi et apice ampliata.— Flores viriduli. — Trans Linn. Soc Voi. XXX Tan 2 7. 4 fuh f. elorioides Ar 4 Al f. E ar. A.1.3. Habenar B49.H vidua ÜParish del WH Bach li. Trans Li Monomeria Crabro, fa k Khi f. ni. Soc Von XXX [4p.2 8 . Trans.Linn.Soc Vou. XXX Tan.29 . Trans Lmm.Soc Vor. XXX Tan. 30. Za M em سید‎ EM a er a ۱ _Lyisia primulma, هر‎ Coelogyne ochracea., Lindl subs. gei hob Rda? dz vo s peccet Far & Rob f. Trans.Linn.Soc VoL XXX Tas. 31. Alo Dendrobium pumilum. Zort. B46 Drmltiflorum%r f Rob f. 3 : i = : = 4 J Q E U) E —]1 [69] E m SS EIN È @ u & BH S O ده‎ 109] Bg ER o 8 a AMI c3 93 — a >< qn THE TRANSACTIONS THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME XXX. PART THE SECOND. MISSO BOTANICA GARDEN. LON DOR: PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET: SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S APARTMENTS, BURLINGTON-HOUSE; AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER- ROW. M.DCCC.LXXIV. CONTENTS. PART IL—1874. V. On the Lecythidaceze. By JOHN Miers, F.R.S., V.P.L.S., aie and Commend Ord. Imp. Bras. Rose, &c. . ; page 157 VI. Systematic List of the Spiders at present known to inhabit Great Britain and Ireland. By the Rev. O. P. CAMBRIDGE, M.A., C.M.Z.S. . 819 ۲ 18 | V. On the Lecythidacee. By JOHN MizRs, F.R.S., V.P.L.S., Dignit. and Commend. Ord. Imp. Bras. Rose, $c. (Plates XXXIIL-LXIV .) Read June 5th, 1873. Tug great family of the Myrtacee was divided by De Candolle (in 1828) into 5 tribes':— 1. Chamelaucee, with a unilocular ovary and fruit; 2. Leptospermee, with a dry multilocular fruit; both tribes confined to Australia; 3. Myrtee, with a softish drupaceous fruit, more or less plurilocular, cosmopolitan in their origin,—all these tribes being distinguished by opposite leaves, marked by pellucid dots; 4. Barringtoniee, with a drupaceous fruit and alternate impunctate leaves, all natives of the vast regions of Asia, Africa, the Malayan and Polynesian islands; 5. Lecythidee, with leaves always alternate and impunctate, a hard fruit opening by an operculum, with many solid nuciform seeds, or several imbricated winged seeds; its flowers have numerous stamens seated upon an expanded process quite peculiar to the group; they are wholly confined tothe New World. Subsequently (in 1842) he united the two latter groups into his 4th tribe, Barringtoniec ?. Lindley (in 1830)? regarded the foregoing characters as of sufficient value to warrant the separation of the Barringtoniacee and Lecythidacee as distinct natural orders—a view originally suggested by Richard and Poiteau ‘. More recently Bentham and Hooker? combined the 4th and 5th tribes of De Candolle with their 4th tribe Barringtoniee, which they divided into 3 subtribes, 1. -Barringtoniez, 2. Lecythidee, 3. Napoleonee. I prefer the arrangement of Lindley for many strong reasons. The leading characters which mark the Lecythidacee as a family distinct from Myrtacee are not only their alternate impunctate leaves, but the epigynous (not perigynous) insertion of the stamens ; they have also the large conspicuous petaloid development exclusively belonging to this group, and upon which the stamens are seated; they have likewise fruits and seeds remarkably different from those of Myrtacee. De Candolle first showed, in his analytical drawings of his first three tribes of Myrtacee”, that their numerous stamens, with long slender filaments, are all seated upon a perigynous disk agglutinated to the tubular portion of the calyx, the petals being fixed at the same time upon the outer margin of this disk, often regarded as a part of the calyx ; and this portion, so united with the disk, forming the most conspicuous character of the Myrtacee, is called the hypanthium by Berg: it is persistent upon the fruits of that group, the disk being marked by cicatrices where the fallen filaments were arti- culated upon it. , Prodr. iii. 207. 2 Mém. Myrt. p. 54. 3 Nat. Syst. p. 46 ; Veg. Kingd. pp. 739 € 754, * Mém, Mus, xiii, 141. 5 Gen. Plant. i. 605. ° Mém. Myrt. pls. 1-8 for the Chamelaucies and Leptospermee, pls. 9-21 for the Myrtec. VOL. XXX. Y » 158 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. For the present, the consideration of true Barringtoniee will be deferred until the Lecythidacee have been fully examined, premising that Gustavia must certainly be . transferred to the latter group. In the Lecythidacee there is no hypanthium in the sense above indicated; but the very numerous stamens, always very small and short, are borne upon as many append- ages, crowded upon à basal ring adnate upon a narrow flat annular epigynous disk ; and this ring is always expanded into a peculiar development, called by Berg an urceolus, but which, by right, should bear the more appropriate name of an androphorum, long before given to it by Mirbel'. This process is signally manifested in Gustavia, offering an undeniable reason for excluding it from the Barringtoniee, where it has been erro- neously placed. In Gustavia (Plate XX XIII.A) the inflorescence, in its general features, resembles that of most Lecythidacee ; its large yellow flowers, upon pedicels, having in their middle 2 short bractlets, possess a ealyx adnate to the ovary, with a raised border, which is either short and nearly entire, or is longer and divided into 6 acute sepals; it has 6 or 8 very large petals, unequal in size, imbricated in eestivation, severally inserted by their claws between the disk and the base of the androphorum, where they are all agglutinated together, so that, after fertilization of the ovary, the petals and androphorum, still united, fall off together. The androphorum differs from that of most others in this family in being equally expanded all round : it is very large, in the shape of an orbicular broad shallow eup, and seemingly composed of several superposed plates agglutinated together, suc- cessively smaller in diameter, all alike deeply cleft on their broad free margins, into numerous subulated segments, standing in many imbricated whorls which curve inwards toward the style, the inner series very short, the rest gradually lengthening outwards, until those of the outer series are nearly as long as the semidiameter of the cup. These segments have generally been mistaken for the filaments of the stamens; but in reality they are not so, being subulated divisions of each plate, truncated or clavated at their extremity, where the true filament is inserted, this being terete, very slender, and usually shorter than the linear 2-celled anther, which at first opens by 2 apical pores. This feature is well depicted by Berg?. The inferior ovary is divided into 6 cells, with many ovules in each, severally suspended by distinct funicles from the placentary expansion of the central axis ; it is crowned by the sepals and annular disk, as before mentioned, the vertex or space within the latter being flattish, with a short conical style in the centre. The epigynous disk subsequently acquires a peculiar development in the fruit—a con spicuous feature throughout the whole family. The fruit is a globular pyxidium about the size of an apple, flattened on its summit, where it is encircled by a band (the enlarged disk) enclosed within two parallel zones, the lower one formed by the vestiges of the decayed sepals; the upper one denotes the inner margin of the enlarged disk, and forms the line of its opercular dehiscence: the pericarp is coriaceous, normally 6-celled, with ' Mirbel, Elém. i. 240. The more modern name andracium, as opposed to gynecium, is better applicable to the whole system of male organs, comprehended by Mirbel under the title of androphorum, while this latter name T — as is here done, to that peculiar system of male organs found only in Zecythidacee. In Mart. Flor. Bras. fasc. 18, tab. 55. fig. 14. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 159 a thick fleshy column in the axis attached to the operculum, when, on the ripening of the fruit, the dissepiments and placentz become resolved into a pulp, which envelops the seeds, all escaping together with the decay of the operculum. There are usually 6 seeds in each cell, nearly the size and shape of a common bean, suspended within the pulp by a fleshy tortuous funicle of nearly its own size; the testa is polished, crustaceous, with a large annular micropyle; a thin inner integument invests an exalbuminous embryo, consisting of two large oval plano-convex cotyledons, conjoined near the hilum by a small terete radicle, and embracing within their margin a conspicuous plumule. In Couroupita (Plate XXXIII. 5), as in the following genera, we find a floral structure analogous in its peculiarities to that of Gustavia, but offering a different appearance, owing to a modification in the form of its singular androphorum. The flowers are large, supported upon a short pedicel, with 1 bract above and 2 below it, all very deciduous ; the free portion of its adnate calyx rises above the ovary in the form of 6 smallish fleshy very convex sepals, somewhat imbricated in estivation ; it has 6, rarely 7, very large concave coloured petals, of unequal size, deeply imbricated in zestivation, their claws being inserted between the epigynous disk and the staminiferous ring of the andro- phorum, all these fixed together as in Gustavia, The androphorum is large, with a shallow cup-shaped annular ring at its base, covered by numerous short appendages, each bearing a stamen ; but this ring does not expand equally all round as in Gustavia ; on the contrary, its enlargement takes place on one side only, under the form of a ligular fleshy plate, twice the length and as broad as the basal staminiferous ring, bare between its parallel margins, coiling gradually inwards, and considerably at its extremity, where it forms an inverted globular hood, concealing the ovary and basal ring; the interior of this hood is densely echinated by numerous subterete appendages, truncated at their summit, where each bears a stamen, consisting of a short thread-like filament, sup- porting a small anther of 2 collateral oval cells, bursting outwardly and longitudinally. The staminiferous appendages of the basal ring differ from the others only in being much shorter. By analogy we may infer that this androphorum, as in Gustavia, is composed of many superposed plates agglutinated together, gradually shorter in length, fringed by the incision of their marginal extremities into numerous segments or appendages, assuming an imbricated and echinated appearance. We may see that this structure is not hypothetical but real, by a section made across the fleshy plate of the ligula, when it is seen marked by many particoloured lines indicating a stratified structure analogous to the inner bark of Lecythis, which beaten when dry resolves itself into many mem- branaceous sheets. The vertex of the ovary of Cowroupita, within the area of the epigynous disk, is much elevated in a pulvinate form, and is deeply hollow in the middle, where a short thick conical style is seen, surmounted by a 6-rayed sessile sul- cated stigma ; the inferior portion of the ovary is 6-celled, with several ovules in each cell, in a double series, suspended by separate funicles from the bilamellar placentze, Which extend from the upper part of the axis into the cavities of the cells. "This pla- centation is considered by Dr. Crüger' to be normally parietal, as in Cucurbitacee, the radiating parietal lamellary placentae (dissepiments) having their ovuligerous margins ! On the development of the flower of Couroupita, in Linnea, xxi. p. 774. Y2 160 | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. introfleeted into the cavity of the cells, leaving the axis hollow: this circumstance, he adds, alone suffices to make an ordinal distinction between Myrtacee and Lecythi. - dacee. The structure of the ovary in Couroupita is correctly described, though wrongly interpreted by him. It appears to me to differ little from the ordinary axile pla. centation, the only divergence arising from the hollow style, a hollow continued to the point where the placentz branch off near the summit into the cavities of the cells, leaving the axile column solid below that point for the greater portion of its length, Dr. Berg figures the ovary in Couroupita surinamensis as being superior’; this appears to me a mistake, as in all the species I have seen it is certainly inferior. The fruit has been well described by Poiteau and others; it is a heavy globular pyxidium, like a cannon-ball, showing two zonary lines, one near the summit, denoting the small oper- culum, the lower one marking the vestiges of the sepals; the operculum does not fall off, as is usual in the Lecythidacee, but is drawn inwards by the contraction of the central column attached to it. The pericarp, 4-2 in. thick, consists of 3 layers—a thinnish hard ligneous epicarp, an inner thin osseous endocarp, and a thicker intermediate subfleshy mesocarp. There is some descrepancy in the details of different authors regarding the structure; but all agree that the operculum does not fall off. Aublet states’ that the epi- carp is ligneous and 2 lines thick—that the endocarp is thin, hard, and brittle—that the mesocarp between them is thicker, succulent, and fibrous, which at maturity becomes deliquescent. He adds that in order to preserve the fruit it is necessary to bore two holes on opposite sides, to allow the fluid mesocarp to escape, when the endocarp be- comes detached and free. Poiteau corroborates the same facts*, adding that the osseous endocarp is 1 line thick, the epicarp rather thin, though firm and crustaceous, and that, after the escape of the deliquescent mesocarp, the detached endocarp rolls about freely within. Aublet gives a figure of the endocarpie lining thus detached, which is quite ` spherical, rounded and smooth at the summit, without any indication of the continuity of the axile column with the stigma, or of the endocarp with the summit—a circumstance which admits of great doubt: it is more probable that, owing to the extreme tenuity of the brittle endocarp at its summit, it easily breaks off there when violently shaken, and thus becomes detached as described. Dr. Berg figures a section of the fruit of another species from Surinam, and corroborates the facts stated by Aublet and Poiteau; but, from the incompleteness of the drawing, no light is thrown upon the doubt I have stated. The endocarp is 6-7-celled, divided by dissepiments, which with the placenta, as in Gustavia, are resolved into a copious pulp; this, exposed to the air as it escapes through the opercular opening, becomes purple or dark red, emitting a nauseous odour ; from 30 to 40 seeds are enveloped in the pulp, each suspended, as in Gustavia, by a thick funicle of half its length. These are broadly ovate, less than half an inch in diameter, the outer tunie being somewhat coriaceous, and with the funicle clothed by velvety articulated hairs; this testa splits along one side round the large micropy Je, thus allowing the nucleus to escape; the embryo, covered by a thin integument, is ۳ buminous, globular, consisting of a terete radicle and 2 fleshy foliaceous cotyledons, * In Mart. Flor. Bras. l. c. tab. 58, last figure on third line. * Aublet, Pl. Guian. ii. pp. 708, 711, tab. 282. 3 Mém. Mus. xiii. p. 152, tab. 7 (6). MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. | 161 which first descend and then ascend in a hippocrepiform manner, being corrugately ` plicated as in Couratari and Cariniana. Bertholetia (Plate XXXIII. c) has an inflorescence in axillary or terminal racemes, shorter than the large leaves, its flowers being nearly sessile, with 3 deeiduous bracts at their base ; they are easily recognized by their calyx, the free, cup-shaped portion of which is divided into 2 large fleshy concave sepals, notched at their apex by 3 small teeth; they have 6 oblong coloured petals, slightly reflected at the apex, and patently expanded, unequal in size, some of them often cleft, appearing like 9 petals; these are fixed by their . elaws, agglutinated between the androphorum and disk, as in the preceding genera. The androphorum resembles that of Couroupita, but differs in the echinated appendages of the hood, which are obtusely subulate, and void of stamens; the inner surface of the eup-shaped ring, however, is densely furnished with short club-shaped appendages, each bearing a fertile stamen with a short slender filament and a small oval 2-celled anther, and is well figured by Poiteau' and by Berg?; the inferior ovary is turbinated, 4-grooved, 4- rarely 5-celled, with about 5 sessile ovules in each cell, radiating from the axis; its vertex is slightly concave, with a long, terete, incurved style in the centre, surmounted by a minute, globular, papillose stigma. Its pyxidium greatly resembles that of Cou- roupita in size and shape, marked by two zonal lines, the lower one, some distance below , the summit, caused by the vestiges of the fallen sepals, the upper one forming an oper- eular opening only half an inch in diameter; when dry it is covered by a thick brittle bark-like epicarp, which in one species peels off irregularly, leaving a ligneous or sub- osseous shell: within are seen the remains of 4 coriaceous dissepiments; the columella is too thick to allow of its escape at the summit, and, shrinking by drying, sometimes draws the operculum attached to it into the cavity of the fruit: for the same reason the seeds cannot effect their escape, and remain in the shell until it rots upon the ground: the 4 cells contain about 20 to 30 dry seeds, closely compacted round the columella, to which they are attached by a hilum near their base. Berg asserts? that the seeds are enveloped by a yellow fleshy pulp, which, by desiceation, leaves each enclosed in a di- stinet sort of cell: the fruits I examined afforded no trace whatever of any such pulp; and Bonpland, Poiteau, and Schomberg, who examined them in the living state, and give abundant details concerning them, are all silent as to the existence of pulpy matter: we have, however, direct evidence on this point, in a specimen belonging to the Linnean Society, where a cluster of 5 seeds, evidently the contents of one cell, are agglomerated very elosely together upon a portion of the columella, without the slightest trace of any pulp or of any funicle: we have here, therefore, à strong proof of the inaccuracy of Berg's statement regarding the fact. The seeds, well known as the Brazil nuts of the Shops, are easily distinguished from Sapucaia-nuts by their acutely trigonoid form, well figured by Poiret, Bonpland, and Berg; the outer covering, or testa, is thick and coria- ceous, with broad longitudinal channels at the angles, filled with numbers of spiral ! Mém. Mus. xiii. 149, tab. 4. fig. 6. ood. ; Fl. Bras. 1. c. tab, 60, on the fourth line of figures, the last of which shows tbe sterile appendages of the h In Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 479. 162 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. vessels belonging to the branching raphe ; a solid nucleus fills the testa, covered bya very thin integument; it has no albumen, is homogeneous in substance—in fact is a gigantie radicle, as in Lecythis, with extremely minute cotyledons, situated at the ex. tremity contrary to the hilum: these are generally overlooked ; but at that point two converging grooves may be seen, caused by the overlapping of the edges of the minute cotyledons, so smoothed by pressure as to be scarcely visible except under maceration; they are better seen in a longitudinal section of the nucleus, when beneath them a roundish plumula is distinetly perceptible, from which a line extends all round, parallel with the periphery, which marks the line of union between the external lamina of the exorhiza and the internal neorhiza, which forms the main body of this gigantic radicle, This view of the structure is confirmed by a specimen in the Kew Museum, where, in a germinating seed, the plumula expanding into the nascent stem is seen forcing its way between the minute cotyledons, while at the opposite extremity the mammillary point of the neorhiza protrudes downwards to form the root. The account given by Berg is, that although the nucleus seems ** pseudo-cotyledonous," it is in reality dieoty- ledonous, adding in a parenthesis the words of Martius ':—** Cotyledones tamen 2 adsunt plerumque insequales, commissura arctissima sibi per transversum seminis applieite; rostellum (radicula) fere in medio semine laterale, parum conspicuum.” In accordance with this account, longitudinal sections are given to express his meaning”, where 2 large - superposed cotyledons, horizontally in contact, show in a chink on one side a small imbedded radicle at the point of their union. Any one who cuts through a Brazil nut will see that Berg's description is wholly incorrect; and it is deeply to be regretted that so palpable a mistake on this important point of structure should mar the value of the copious analyses in a work of such beautiful execution as the * Flora Brasiliensis.’ 1 may add, also, that my view of the structure of the embryo is essentially the same as that given by Richard *. The genus Lecythis (Plate XXXIV. A) is numerous in species ; but more than one half of those referred to it by authors belong to other genera, as I propose to demonstrate; the details of its floral and carpological structure here given apply therefore to this genus as now restricted for the first time. These species form some of the most ornamental trees of the forests, being generally from 20 to 60 feet high, with a copious foliage, à solid timber of considerable use, with a soft inner bark of some thickness, easily de- tached, and which, beaten while fresh, resolves itself into numerous distinct membranous sheets. Poiteau relates‘ that he counted as many as 110 of these lamin® in ۵ flake of the bark; it is called estopa (oakum) in commerce, and is applied to man useful purposes. The leaves of the true Lecythis, compared with those of the excluded Species, are generally smaller, of much thinner texture, of a brighter colour, and serrated on the margin; but in some few species they are entire, with small specks " the margin, indicating the abortive teeth. The inflorescence is racemose OF - axillary or terminal: the flowers, often of large size, sometimes mediocre in dimensions +: Mart. Flor. Bras. 1. c. p. 479. * Loc. cit. tab. 60, in the lower line of ym Observations on Fruits and Seeds (edit. Lindley), pp. 62 & 72. + Mém. Mus. xiii. p. ۰ MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE A. 163 are supported upon short bracteolated pedicels; the tubular calyx, adnate to an inferior ovary, is crowned by a border of 6 free, rather small sepals, slightly imbricated in zesti- vation; they have six, seldom fewer, large petals, somewhat unequal in size, broadly imbricated in «stivation; the androphorum is large and conspicuous, attached to the claws of the petals and to the disk by its basal annular ring, which is densely covered with short staminiferous appendages; it is expanded on one side into an incurving bare ligula, terminating in an inverted hood, similar to that of Bertholletia, and, in like manner, densely echinated with innumerable imbricated appendages, which are terete, bearing in all the lower series, on their clavated summits, each a fertile stamen ; but the upper ones longer, incurved, are mostly bare of stamens ; the stamens consist of a short slender filament, supporting a small anther, formed of 2 oval collateral cells, without connective, which burst along the margin by a longitudinal suture, when they expand into 2 parallel plates. The ovary, always more or less inferior, is crowned by the per- sistent disk, and an inner vertex, generally flat, bearing in the centre a slender terete style, sometimes as long as the sepals, rarely reduced to an umbonate form ; it is termi- nated by a minute, globose, papillose stigma; the ovary is 4-celled, with several ovules in each cell, in 3 or 4 series, all radiating from a fleshy placenta in the axis, each borne upon a distinct funicle. By these characters alone any species of true Lecythis can be distinguished from all others. The fruit is a pyxidium, generally of great size, very thick, densely ligneous, extremely variable in form, and always marked by 2 concentric lines, as in the preceding genera; the lower or calycary zone owes its origin to the tumescent bases of the sepals, while the upper zone, or opercular line of dehiscence, indieates the junction of the disk with the vertex, as seen in the ovary ; the operculum proceeds from the growth of the vertex alone, while the interzonary band simply arises from the enlargement of the disk. The fruit, from its weight, naturally hangs in an inverted position ; and when ripe a swelling is at first noticed around the opercular zone ; and afterwards, by the rupture of the central column, the operculum falls off with a portion of the column attached to it: the numerous seeds, sustained by their funicles, now hang down in a bunch and soon fall to the ground, the main body of the shell remaining long suspended from the lofty tree; at this period the fleshy mass of the funicles ferments, and exhales a very nauseous odour. The suspension of the seeds, each by a fleshy funicle nearly as large as itself, is a cireumstance hitherto unrecorded in any botanical work: the confused statement of Von Martius, given in a note by Berg”, does not describe any such funicle; on the contrary, it says “funiculum non prodit;" its existence, however, cannot be doubted, and is a cireumstance of especial importance, as it offers a broad line of distinction between Lecythis and Eschweilera, genera hitherto confounded together. The seeds of a species abundant in the province of Para are exported to Europe in considerable quantities, and sold here in the shops as Sapucaia- nuls : they have a hard, almost osseous covering, are oblong, somewhat angular, furrowed by 6 to 10 costate ridges, all branching from the hilar scar; and these ridges contain bundles of spiral threads, which belong to its branching raphe ; at first their thick cover- > Mart. Flor. Bras. l. c. p. 481. 164 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACER. ing is somewhat soft, but in drying becomes so hard that it is difficult to break it without injuring the nucleus, which tightly fills it; this nucleus, covered by a very thin integu- ment, often marked by a small chalaza at its lower extremity, is an amygdaloid, exalbu. minous embryo, of an oblong form, obtuse at both extremities, consisting, as in Bertho. letia, almost entirely of a gigantic radicle, showing an obsolete mammillary point at the upper or hilar extremity, and presenting at the lower end 4 minute decussately imbricated teeth, which are cotyledons, so smoothed by great pressure as to escape notice; they are more distinctly seen in a longitudinal section, where a rounded nipple (plumula) is seen beneath the cotyledons; and continuous with it we perceive the conferruminated line of junction between the exorhiza and neorhiza of the radicle, running parallel with the periphery of the nucleus. The germination of this seed takes place as I have described ` it in Bertholetia ; the plumular extremity swells, and protrudes itself between the coty- ledons, which it forces aside, and extends so as to form the ascending stem of a new plant, furnished with scale-like leaflets, while the opposite end of the neorhiza, bursts through the thin pellicle of the exorhiza, to form the descending root. Lindley states that the Lecythidacee are distinguished from Rhizophoracee by the seeds having no power to germinate in the seed-vessel’; but I have figured in Plate XXXIV, A a seed of Lecythis in a germinating state, which 1 found within a fruit, and which completely confirms the structure above indicated. It is essential here to correct another error of Martius, supported by Dr. Berg, where it is affirmed that the seeds of Lecythis are partly covered by a soft, fleshy, lobed or lacinulated arillus”; but I feel assured, by actual observation in its live state, that no such arillus exists there, as my specimens, preserved in alcohol, evidently show. The appearance to which Martius here refers is more probably accounted for by the small quantity of pulpy matter due to the dis- integration and softening of the dissepiments, which occur only at a late period, in the extremely ripe state of the fruit. Chytroma (Plate XXXIV. 2) is a new genus?, founded on several species necessarily separated from Lecythis. The plants composing it resemble that genus in general habit and inflorescence; the flowers have similar sepals and petals; the basal ring of the andro- phorum is rather broad, with an elevated margin, and is covered inside with very crowded, short staminiferous appendages, while the ligular portion terminates in an inverted hemispherical hood, densely echinated within by imbricated appendages, as in Lecythis; but these are mostly sterile. The ovary is very different, as it wants the long style of that genus; it is half superior; and its vertex, instead of being concave, 11505 considerably in a semioval or cupola-shape, surmounted by a very short, conical, obtuse style; although 4-celled, it has no central column or prominent placente, which are not needed, because its few ovules, without funicles, are attached at the base of the cells, and erect: these are important distinctions. The pyxidium is much smaller than in Lecythis, and of thinner consistence; it has the two zones universal in the family ; the operculum, without a columella attached to it, is concave inside, with a cruciform ridge * Veget. King. p. 739. 2 Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 481 in adnot. 3 ۳ MER $ وه‎ So called from xúrpos, olla, duds, similis, from the shape of its fruit. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 165 (part of the dissepiments), and is furnished inside, within the margin, with a velarium (a name given to the portion descending within the mouth of the shell, seen in Zschwei- lera and Jugastrum) ; the coriaceous pericarp is 4-celled, cruciately divided by persistent membranaceous dissepiments, which meet in the centre, without any thickening in the axis: when the fruit ripens, the operculum does not fall off immediately, but remains for some time, until the membranaceous dissepiments become lacerated by decay. As the ovules were erect within the ovary, so we find the seeds, which fill the cells of the fruit, attached to the bottom by a large basal hilum ; these are large, 1 to 3 in each cell, have no funicle, are of an oblong-oval shape, erect, and, according to Dr. Spruce, in his species turbinata, * are enveloped in an exceedingly aromatie arillus, which the ants speedily devoured”'. This, I presume, was mucilaginous ; for I found no trace of it in the dried state. Their testa is thinly coriaceous or testaceous, showing on the ventral side a broadish ribbon-like band, extending from the base to the apex, free on both edges, and only connected with the testa by a nerve-like line; this band contains a cord of spiral vessels, and is the main branch of the raphe; the testa is also marked by several broad, prominent, cancellated ramifications, also furnished with spiral vessels, and leaving the intervening depressed areoles slightly granulated, while the branches are paler, smooth, and polished: the contained nucleus, enveloped in a membranous integument, is an exalbuminous embryo, tough in texture, of a dark greenish colour, of an extremely bitter taste, homogeneous throughout, and very different in appearance from the white, sweet, amygdaloid kernel of the Sapucaia-nut; from the concentric line, visible in a longitu- dinal or in a transverse section, it seems formed of a thick exorhiza, encircling a much smaller neorhiza, without the signs of any cotyledon. Aublet’s Lecythis amara may be considered the type of the genus, which he has figured in flower and in fruit *. The genus Eschweilera (Plate XXXIV. c), originally suggested by Von Martius, but afterwards confounded with Lecythis by Berg, is here at length established upon a satis- factory basis. De Candolle, upon the brief and insufficient notes of Martius, first pub- lished it in 1828°, hinting at the same time that it might prove to be only a section of Lecythis; but in 1837, in order to correct this misunderstanding, Martius gave a fuller outline of his genus*. Endlicher, in 1841, again complicated the matter, by absorbing Eschweilera into Lecythis, on the imperfect ground suggested by De Candolle?; he was then evidently unacquainted with the diagnosis of Martius published four years previously. All subsequent botanists followed Endlicher: even Berg, author of the beautiful mono- graph of the Lecythidacee, published under the ægis of Martius, with the aid of his valuable materials, so far mystified the subject that he had to modify the characters of Lecythis in order to bring Eschweilera within its limits, quoting the memoranda of Martius only as foot-notes. It is clear that Berg had no precise knowledge of the struc- ture of either genus. Eschweilera comprises numerous species, all trees, some of great magnitude, others only low trees, all with the habit and inflorescence of Lecythis. The flower has 6 small sepals, 6 much larger petals, and the usual androphorum, the hood being * Hook. Kew Journ. v. p. 170. 2 P], Guian. ii. 716, tab. 286 € 285 4. ? Prodr. iii. 293, * Bot. Zeit. (1837) xx. part 2, p. 89. * Gen. Plant. p. 1235. VOL, Xxx. Z 166 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE Æ. echinated inside by pointed linear appendages, which are generally bare of stamens. The ovary, as in Chyiroma, is semiinferior, its vertex being raised, conical, longitudinally striated, and gradually narrowed into an obtuse style; it differs, however, from that genus in being constantly bilocular; it has few ovules, which are always uniserial, erect, and sessile in the base of the cells. The pyxidium, as in Chytroma, is comparatively small, and of a subglobular or depressed turbinate form ; the coriaceous pericarp is at first 2-celled ; but its membranaceous dissepiment, without the trace of an axile column, soon becomes evanescent ; and it then appears unilocular, like a hollow cup. Berg figures a species! (which I have not seen) where the dissepiment is as thick as the pericarp, and is persistent. The upper or opercular zone is nearly equal in diameter to the lower or calycary zone : the convex opereulum, which soon falls off, is hollow and conchoid within, with scarcely a trace of the dissepiment, and, as in Chytroma, is furnished near its margin with a pendent velarium, which descends within the mouth of the pericarp, from which at maturity it becomes detached ; the latter contains 4, sometimes 6 seeds, which fill its cavity; these are ovoid, erect, and sessile, attached to the bottom of the eup by a broad hilum ; they shrink much in drying, and differ in appearance greatly from those of Chytroma, having a very dark testa, tolerably thick and coriaceous, ecostate, scrobicu- larly rugulose all over, marked by irregular grooved lines, which, ascending from the hilum, indicate the main branches of an embedded raphe, which is again subdivided into innumerable threads, distributed through the entire fabric: within the testa are two distinet submembranaceous integuments, the outer one the size of and slightly clinging to the testa, the inner one adhering to the other on the ventral face, but free from it on the dorsal side, where it is much shorter and narrower, owing to its insinuation between the folds of the very corrugated surface of the embryo on that side: between these two integu- ments we perceive, in the dried state, a quantity of black pulverulent matter in clots, appearing as if deposited from a gelatinous fluid that had existed between the two integu- ments : this structure was constant in all the seeds I have examined: the embryo, much contracted by drying, is of a dark green colour, smooth on the ventral face, with a sharp scutiform margin, pulvinated and deeply corrugated on the dorsal side; this embryo, when eut across in different directions, appears homogeneous in substance, as in Chy- troma, with a thick external exorhiza, and an internal neorhiza subtruncated at its sum- mit, obtuse towards the base? Here, then, we find a large amount of differential cha- . racters; the absence of a long terete style, a semisuperior and 2-celled ovary, with only 2 or 3 ovules in each cell, which are erect (not suspended by funicles), a much smaller and thinner pyxidium, always 2-celled, without any columella, a thin conchoid oper- * Mart. Flor. Bras. l. c. p. 494, tab. 73. fig. 1. * I regret that while in Brazil I omitted to examine critically the seeds of Eschweilera in their fresh state. With- ` out success I have since repeatedly solicited my friends in Rio de Janeiro to send me the fruits preserved in spirits. I have examined numerous seeds in the dry state, with the results above detailed; and, in addition, I may et remark that I have invariably observed in the furrows of their surface, in some species a white, in others a : pulverulent efflorescence, indicating perhaps the existence of a fugitive thin cellular deposit, analogous to the arilloid envelope seen by Dr. Spruce in the seeds of Chytroma. I recommend this circumstance to the attention of future observers. sie El ea IN an OO MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 167 culum provided with a velarium, no pulp, few erect sessile seeds (not costate, nor suspended by large fleshy funicles), different seminal integuments, an embryo of another shape and structure, not white and edible, but extremely bitter, offer characters so diametrically opposed to Lecythis, that it is difficult to fancy how Eschweilera could ever have been confounded with it. Jugastrum (Plate XXXV.) is a genus proposed for a group of plants! of which few species are yet known; they form trees, sometimes 100 feet high, with trunks 3 to 6 feet in diameter, while others do not exceed 10 or 20 feet in height; and they have the general habit and inflorescence of Lecythis : the flower has 6 thick, unequal sepals, 6 obovate, subequal petals, and an androphorum with a somewhat broad basal ring, densely covered with short staminiferous appendages extending halfway up the ligula, the remainder of which is bare ; the hood is very convex, saddle-shaped, inverted, lacinu- lated along its margin, and densely echinated within by shortish, strap-shaped, ascend- ing appendages, most of which, especially at the upper extremity, bear stamens, like those of the basal ring; the ovary is more than semisuperior, its vertex being high, dome-shaped, and terminated by a short conical style; it is 2-celled, with very numerous ovules in several series, sessile in the bottom of the cells. The pyxidium resembles in size that of some species of Eschweilera; but it has a much thinner pericarp; it is sub- globose or turbinate, with two parallel zonal cinctures, the persistent sepals, unchanged in form, often remaining on the lower zone; the upper or opercular zone is generally of equal diameter, leaving the interzonal band often very narrow and erect; the opereulum, obtusely umbonated, is thin in substance, hollow and conchoid inside, showing within its margin a descending velarium, as in Chytroma and Eschweilera; though normally 2-celled, it becomes unilocular by the evanescence of its membranous dissepiment, the vestiges of which can only be seen on the wall of the pericarp and operculum; conse- quently there is no central column : the pericarp is coriaceous, thinner than a shilling, and contains from 10 to 20 seeds, closely packed, filling the entire space when fresh ; but they shrink considerably in drying, in which state only have I been able to examine them ; they are subeylindrical, acutely 4-angular at the sides, tapering towards the basal hilum, convex at the summit by pressure against the operculum, erect, affixed in 3 series to the bottom of the cell, where the cicatrices at their hilar points of attachment con- stantly remain: in some species the seeds are fewer, much broader, much compressed, and convex on the dorsal face ; the testa, acutely angular, is coriaceous, about the thick- ness of a thin card, is smooth, opaque, and brownish outside, coarsely granulated inside by pressure against the nucleus; and in its substance is found a dense network of white Spiral vessels: in drying, the nucleus contracts considerably within the testa, but preserves the same shape, is of a saffron-colour, deeply corrugated all over: the inner integument is finely membranaceous, adhering to the testa, and presenting a similar surface; the nucleus, when cut through, appears homogeneous in texture, of a pale brown colour, spotted all over with minute dark oil-cells: if a section be made longi- tudinally through the ventral angle, we see a continuous line near the periphery, indi- * So named from ¢ úyacrpo», arcella, in reference to the shape of the pyxidium, z 2 168 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. cating the junction of the exorhiza and neorhiza, the latter truncated at its summit, and obtusely pointed towards the base; and in the middle of the ventral side we see it enlarged by a nipple-shaped protuberance, which touches the margin opposite to a small external knob in the exorhiza, having a longitudinal slit; the protuberance is the plumule; the knob consists of 2 minute cotyledons, a structure offering much analogy to that in Bertholletia and Lecythis ; in germination this plumule is extended into the ascending stem of the new plant, while the base of the neorhiza forces its way through the exorhiza, to form the root. I have not witnessed this germination; but Martius describes it, and Berg portrays it in several analytical figures under the head of Le. cythis coriacea 1 On comparing the details of the structure of the nucleus given above (the exactness of which I can affirm with confidence) with the analytical figures and description of Berg, several discrepancies will be seen. Berg confirms the position I have assigned to the plumule, and the existence of an external knob, with a slit in it, through which it forces its way in germination to form the ascending stem; but there is evidently a mistake in the position he assigns to the sprouting rootlet, which he places in the middle of the dorsal face: this assuredly would spring from the bottom of the neorhiza, the existence of whieh was wholly unknown to him. Berg made his analytical drawings entirely from the old notes of Martius, and under the belief that the nueleus was a single gigantic cotyledon, instead of a monstrous radicle, as it appears to me and under which point of view the phases of its germination are best explained. Berg affırms that the inner integument, as in the testa, contains many spiral vessels; but I have not been able to detect them there. Although the genus Couratari (Plate X X XV. 8) is one of the oldest and best-known of the family, its floral structure has not yet been correctly described; the only figures hitherto published are those of Richard, under a reduced size ? and of Cambassédes *, all of which are incorrect. Aublet never met with the flower; nor did Poiret, who derived all his details from Richard. Berg, in his monograph of the family, has created much con- fusion by his thorough misunderstanding of the subject; even when he saw a flower of a true Couratari, he failed to recognize it, but described and figured it, as well as its fruit, under the name of Lecythopsis*, while his generic character and his several analytical drawings, given under the name of Couratari?, actually belong to Cariniana. Its species, which are not many, all form noble trees, with the foliage and general inflorescence of Lecythis and Couroupita: the flowers are rather large, upon short pedicels, furnished with 3 deciduous bracts; they have 6 fleshy, ovate, expanded, subequal sepals; 6 very large oblong unguiculated petals, of which the two exterior are largest; a large andro- phorum, formed of an oblong, subpatelliform basal ring, attached to the claws of the petals, and furnished inside with a triple series of crowded, short, clavate appendages staminiferous at the apex, the stamens formed as in Lecythis ; the ligula, as broad as the * Mart. Flor. Bras. l. c. p. 491, tab. 72, where the two upper rows of figures show the pyxidium with its enclosed seeds, the two lower rows of figures delineating the badly drawn shape of the seeds and the mode of their germination * Ann. Sc. Nat. 1° Ser. i. p. 329, tab. 21. > Flor, Bras. Mer. ii. 379, tab. 199. * Mart. Flor. Bras, Z. c. p. 503, tab. 75, 76. * Thidem, p. 506, tab. 78-82. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 169 basal ring, is long and bare, suddenly coiling twice inwards into a fleshy knob, and again quickly recurved in the form of a large inverted semiglobose head, densely echinated with pointed, flat, imbricating appendages on the upper side (not on the inside, as in Lecythis), and concealing the involuted fleshy knob; these external appendages are quite destitute of stamens. The turbinate ovary is inferior, 3-celled, with several ovules fixed in the base; the vertex is hollow, with a raised crenated ring within the disk, and is furnished in its centre with a very broad, elevated, umboniform style, surmounted by an articulated, polished, globose stigma, hollow in the middle. The fruit and seed were first figured by Aublet', afterwards well drawn by Poiteau? and Richard’, lastly by . Berg, as before stated, under the name of Lecythopsis*. The pyxidium is trigonoidly cylindrical, often obconical in form, with two zonal lines near the summit, and a narrow interzonal band, the lower line formed by the vestiges of the sepals, the upper one denoting the line of dehiscence round the depressed umbonated operculum; this latter is agglutinated to the thick triangular central column, whose cüneiform angles form as many thickened dissepiments, at first attached to the inner wall of the pericarp, thus leaving three equal intervening spaces, or flat cells: when the fruit ripens, this columella shrinks, and the edges of the dissepiments become detached from the wall of the pericarp, the opereulum and columella fall out, carrying with it the many large-winged seeds, imbricately attached to it, to be soon scattered by the wind: the cylindrical pericarp, now rendered vacant and unilocular, is coriaceous, somewhat thin in substance, with a cracking bark, which covers a reticulated latticework of woody fibres. The seeds, about 6 in each cell, are large in area, extremely thin, oblong in form, with a compressed scutiform cellule in the centre, one third of its length, and surrounded equally all round by a broad submembranaceous wing, all collaterally imbricated and attached by their base to the lower portion of the columella; the scutiform centre contains an exalbu- minous embryo, which fills its space, and is covered by a membranaceous inner integu- ment; the embryo consists of a long terete radicle, pointing downwards towards the hilum, and curving abruptly at its summit, is there united to 2 longer descending coty- ledons, which are broad, foliaceous, deeply plicated and corrugated, thus, in an inverted form, resembling the embryo of Couroupita. The genus Cariniana (Plate X XXV. c) of Casaretto has been acknowledged by few bota- nists; but its floral and carpical characters have been well illustrated by Berg, under the name of Couratari, for which he singularly mistook them. Cariniana, however, is a valid genus, containing several species, all trees of noble proportions, mostly from 100 to 120 feet in height, with gigantic trunks, often spreading out in large buttresses. The species, some of which are known.only from their fruits, extend from Central Brazil to the Amazonas region, one being known from Trinidad. The leaves vary much in size in the several species, in some 1 inch long, in others more than a foot in length; but the inflorescence, more constant in character, is peculiar, always in wide-spreading, very * Pl. Guian. tab. 290. 2 Mém. Mus, xiii. tab. 8. 3 Ann, Sc. Nat. l. c. tab. 21. 4 Flor. Bras. 1, c. tab. 75, 76. 170 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. slender panicles, charged with numerous flowers, which are minute compared with those of all other Lecythidacee. They have 6 small rounded sepals, united in a short flat eup, which extends a little beyond the adnate portion of the calyx: petals 6, longer, linear. oblong, equal, slightly imbricated along their margins, somewhat adhesive at their sum- mits; and though they sometimes expand rotately of their own accord, they often adhere, enclosing the androphorum, and fall off united with it, like a bonnet, The androphorum differs in its shape from all others; it is erect, urceolate, or tubular for half its length, and without any ligula, expands upwards on one side more than on the other, curving over the summit in the form of an aleove, and is deeply laciniated all round the margin into subulate incurving appendages; inside its tubular portion it is every where echinated with similar, shorter, staminigerous appendages, either fixed in few concentric series, or - more densely erowded, all clavate, each bearing on its obtuse summit a short filament, supporting a 2-celled anther. The inferior ovary is 3-celled, with several erect ovules in the base of each cell; its vertex rises pulvinately or conically, bearing a short style and a small 3-toothed stigma. The pyxidium has the trigonoidly cylindrical or obeonical form of that of Couratari; but it is much thicker, heavier, and more solid in substance : it has the usual two zonary lines near its summit ; but the opercular zone is placed upon or is somewhat within the vertex ; the operculum is often slightly convex, sometimes does not rise above the upper zone, being quite flat, in both cases thick and cylindrical for some distance within the tubular mouth of the pericarp, and is continuous with the central eolumella, of equal diameter, which descends to the base, thus forming a solid, cylindrical plug, chamfered off on three sides, the intervening angles touching the wall of the pericarp, and leaving three compressed spaces or seminiferous cells; when ripe, tbe columella shrinks a little, and falls out, so that the pericarp remains with a clean cylin- drieal bore throughout its length. The seeds, though winged, are very different from those of Couratari; the wing is much narrower, and placed at one end only of the much shorter embryoniferous escutcheon, equal to it in breadth : the seeds are attached to the columella by the bottom of the wings in pairs, rising imbricatively to the top of the cells, where we see deep impressions left by the convex surfaces of the several eseutcheons, caused by pressure while the parts were soft; the apical escutcheon is oblong-oval, oblique at its base, convex outside, flat on the back, is thinly coriaceous, and contains an exalbuminous embryo, consisting of a slender terete radicle of its whole length, pointing downwards towards the hilum, suddenly incurved at its summit, and there united to 2 descending cotyledons shorter than it, closely and corrugately plicated together, as in Couratari and Couroupita. Allantoma’ (Plate XXXVI. A) is anew and very curious genus. It consists of several species, some (probably all) vast trees, with the habit and inflorescence of Couratari, and leaves with similar venation: but the flowers are not so large; they have 6 sepals, roundish and expanded, slightly imbricated at their base in eestivation; they have 6 longer membranaceous petals, 4 of which are linearly oblong, and 2 very large and roun more exterior, and very imbricated, so as to conceal the others in eestivation ; the androphorum is quite peculiar, is of a deep rose or reddish colour, very fleshy, * So named from ¿Aás, botulus, duds, similis, the fruit resembling a sausage in form. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 171 exuding a purple-staining juice when slightly pressed; it has at its base a shallow cup- shaped ring attached to the disk, charged inside with short densely crowded stamini- ferous appendages, and laterally expanded into a smooth incurving ligula, which sud- denly coils round into a fleshy knob, as in Couratari; it then widens into a semiglobose inverted hood, which is again retroflected upward, and obsoletely fringed on its margin ; this is not echinated as in Couratari, but the appendages are all consolidated into a soft fleshy mass which envelops and conceals the knob ; each club-shaped appendage of the basal ring bears a short filament and a 2-celled anther; the ovary is quite inferior, semi- globose or turbinate, mostly 4-celled, or 3-celled in one species, 5-celled in another, with about 6 collateral ovules in each cell, all erect, and fixed on the bottom of the central axis; the vertex is slightly concave, with a thick short fungiform style in the middle, and an umbonate stigma as in Couroupita. The pyxidium is not nearly so thick and solid as in Cariniana; in texture and shape it more resembles that of Couratari, being quite cylindrical, round at the base, truncated at its summit, where it is marked by the usual two zones, with a narrow band between them ; it opens on the opercular zone, which has the same diameter 'as the pericarp; the opereulum above is depressed, slightly pulvinated, concave and umbonated in the centre, and beneath is intimately conjoined with the columella, which at first is 3-5-angular, the angles united to the wall of the pericarp so as to form the cells, as in Couratari and Cariniana ; at maturity the columella shrinks very much, becomes tapering and free from the pericarp, when, still attached to the operculum, it falls to the ground, leaving the seeds to drop also. The seeds are few, arranged imbrieatively, and fixed to the columella by a basal hilum; they are linearly oblong, thickish, somewhat flattened on the anterior and posterior faces, acute and much jagged on the straight margins, have a dark or reddish colour, are rough behind, cor- rugate-tuberculous in front, unequally 2-lobed at the base, the hilum being on the posterior side of one of these lobes; and thus they bear the form and appearance of the seeds of Tyloderma, a genus of the Hippocrateacee, formerly described '; the testa, as thick as a sixpence, is filled everywhere with bundles of spiral vessels, is smooth inside, and lined with a semiadherent blackish membranaceous inner integument, which covers the exalbuminous embryo ; this latter is of a long fusiform shape, slightly compressed and tapering towards each extremity, is of an opaque white colour; and when boiled in water or soaked in that fluid for a few days, it becomes as soft as a custard, but is again consolidated by drying. It appears to me a homogeneous macropodous radicle, con- sisting of an external exorhiza easily softened, and a harder terete internal neorhiza of its entire length, obtusely pointed at each extremity; and it probably germinates as in Lecythis, one end protruding in its growth to form the ascending stem, the other to extend into a root. ۹ Grias (Plate XXXVI. C) was established, in 1753, by Linnzus °, upon a Jamaica plant, first mentioned by Sloane? under the name of Anchovy-pear, and by P. Brown as a species of Calophyllum*, Jussieu in 17895, favouring the idea of Brown, placed it among the ifere. Swartz first gave a good diagnosis of its generic characters in 1791". * Linn. Trans. vol. xxviii, p. 413, tab, 29. 2 Sp. Plant, 732; Gen. Plant. (edit. Schreb.) 732. * Jam. ii, 123, tab. 217. figs, 1 & 2, * Ibid. p. 245. * Gen. p. 257. * Obs. p. 215. 172 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA, Sir J. Smith!, in 1819, described the genus upon the materials of preceding authors, De Candolle, in 1828, placed Grias among the abnormal genera of Myrtacee*: but Endlicher, in 1841 °, removed it to the dubious genera of Lecythidacee ; Lindley, on the other hand, arranged it among the uncertain genera of Barringtoniacee*, Seemann, in 1852°, considered Grias a genus of the latter family, placing it between Careya and Gustavia. Fnally, it has been located by Bentham and Hooker in their tribe Lecythidee, intermediate to Gustavia and Couratari. It consists of 4 known species, all from tropical America, being very lofty trees with extremely large leaves, sometimes 3 feet long, and an inflorescence generally springing from the trunk or bare branches, in fascicles of 6 or 8 flowers, each on a distinct pedicel, bracteated at its base, all erowded upon a gemmiform peduncle. The flower is of mediocre size, with an inferior ovary, crowned in the bud by an entire globular calyx, which afterwards splits into 2 or 4 sub- equal concave submembranaceous segments, persistent in the fruit: it has 4 alternate oblong fleshy petals, with parallel sides, imbricated in «estivation, then rotately expanded, inserted by their claws between the androphorum and disk; the androphorum is half the length of the petals, resembling somewhat in form (though greatly reduced in its proportions) that of Gustavia ; it is regularly urceolate, deeply cleft round its margin into numerous segmental appendages, and is charged inside with 3 or 4 concentric series of similar gradually shorter appendages, like those in Cowroupita, the inner row very short, all at first erect, and suddenly incurved at the apex, a little below which, dorsally affixed upon each, is the short slender filament of a stamen, bearing 2 distinct oval anther-lobes, collaterally attached at a point above their middle, and opening laterally by longi- tudinal fissures: the vertex of the ovary is concave within the inner crenulated margin of the disk, and is broadly umbonated in the centre, where it bears a sessile 4-rayed stigma, in which respect it resembles Couroupita: the inferior ovary is semiglobose, 4-celled, with 2 to 4 ovules in each cell, suspended from the summit. The fruit in the Jamaica species is the size of a small pear, of a russet colour, smooth and 8-grooved; by abortion of 3 of its cells, it produces only a single seed, of an oblong form, grooved and pointed at both ends, being an edible amygdaloid embryo, probably homogeneous, as in Bertholletia, and germinating in the same manner. Lunan relates that these seeds, after their fall in moist places, propagate in this manner so thickly that they become interlaced in thick clusters”. The trees always grow by river-sides, or in very moist places. The Pirigara tetrapetala* of Aublet belongs to this genus ; its flowers correspond in every respect with those of the other three species ; but its fruit is globular, 4-celled, void of pulp. and contains a few irregular-shaped seeds, suspended from the summit by thick funicles. The genus Cercophora? (Plate XXXVI. B) completes the eccentrie varieties of forms observed in this family. It is founded upon a single flower that had fallen upon à | panicle of Chytroma Spruceana, in which it was entangled: this was one of Spruce’ - plants, No. 3695, from the Rio Negro; so that we do not yet know the kind of leaves it 1 Rees's Cyclop. vol. 17. * Prodr. iii, 296. * Gen. No. 6335. * Veg. Kingd. 755. * Bot. Her. p. 126. * Gen. PLi.729. 7 Hort. Jam. i. p. 20. * Pl Guian.i. 487, tab. 102 | * A name derived from képros, cauda, pépw, fero, from the caudate expansion of the androphorum. LU FAR IU uU rm MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 173 has or the character of its inflorence; it probably belongs to one of 15 species! which he was there obliged to pass by, as they were far too high and quite out of his reach. The flower expanded is 13 in. in diameter, has 6 subequal oval fleshy sepals, dorsally rugu- lose, with membranaceous denticulate margins ; 6 petals, six times as long as the sepals, somewhat unequal in size, oblong, membranaceous, fixed by their distinct claws between the disk and the base of the androphorum; the latter is comparatively small, with a broad deep cup-shaped ring at the base, covered inside by 5 series of crowded short appendages, somewhat 4-grooved and truncated at their summits, each bearing there a short slender filament that supports a 2-celled anther ; similar staminiferous appendages are extended over a short and rather broad incurving ligula (an expansion of the basal ring) which widens into a concave hood inverted over the centre; this hood is cor- rugated outside, and is formed into a hollow purse-shaped cavity, truncated at its mouth, and on the middle of its outer edge it is expanded into a tongue-shaped strap, which is again incurved beneath the sacciform hood: there are no appendages upon any part of the hood, though they abound on the ligula; the inside of the sack is marked by many parallel prominent nerves or coloured ridges, which do not quite reach the margin of the mouth, but terminate in as many spots: the ovary is inferior, 3-celled, with many small ovules in each cell, fixed to a nearly basal placenta in the axis; the vertex is somewhat concave within the disk, radiately striated, having in the centre a curving terete style, longer than the sepals, as in Zeeythis, and terminated by a small whitish stigma of 3 short erect lobes. This review shows that notwithstanding the great diversity of structure in the Lecythidacee, there is always a sufficient degree of uniformity in its general characters to maintain them as a distinct natural order in the fullest sense of that term. They consist of trees of immense growth, rarely of smaller size, with leaves always alternate, gene- rally quite or obsoletely serrated, without pellucid dots; the flowers, often of great size, arein axillary or terminal racemes or panicles; the adnate calyx has generally 6 free sepals: the petals, equal to them in number, are large, oblong, very imbricated, with their claws insinuated beneath the androphorum, and agglutinated with it upon the annular epigynous disk : all have a remarkable androphorum, mostly of great size, which is petaloid under the modifications previously described: the very numerous and very small stamens have short slender filaments, with 2 minute anther-cells, never fixed immediately upon the disk, but always borne upon much longer distinct appendages, originating upon the basal ring of the androphorum or upon its expanded head ; these appendages are clavate in the former position, are much longer, subulately linear, imbricatively echinate, and very frequently barren in the latter: the ovary, generally quite inferior, more rarely semisuperior, has 2 to 6 cells, with ovules (not very nume- rous) either suspended by funicles from the axis, or erect and sessile at the base of the cells; the style is not much longer than the sepals, terete, slightly incurved, or short and broadly conical, with a minute stigma. The fruit is always a woody pyxidium, with opercular dehiscence under different modifications, and is quite peculiar: the seeds are t Kew Journ. iv. p. 283. VOL. XXX. 2 A 174 ` MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. generally large, each often suspended by a fleshy funicle nearly as large as itself, often imbedded in pulp, at other times dry, erect and sessile in the base of the fruit, winged or bare, often costate, all with an exalbuminous embryo, sometimes of singular develop- ment. We have here a sum of remarkable characters, in reference to which we find no parallel whatever in the Myrtacee. On the other hand we see in the Myrtacee, properly restricted, opposite leaves, with punctate glands, often concealed within a thick parenchyma, but generally apparent, pel- lucid, and of aromatic flavour : the flowers, generally small, 4- or 5- rarely 6-merous, have an inferior ovary, with 4, 5, 6, or more cells, with many horizontal or ascending ovules; a circular annular disk agglutinated to the free tubular portion of the calyx, and there- fore unmistakably perigynous, which bears the petals upon its outer margin, and is charged all over with numerous stamens in several series, except when, rarely, they are uniserial; the filaments are very long and slender, coiled and replicated in sestivation: the disposition of the calyx, charged with its staminiferous disk, is so peculiar that it has received the name of an hypanthium: the fruit, in the first tribes, is generally capsular, but drupaceous or baccate in the Myrtee: all are plurilocular, or by abortion rendered 1-celled, with bare fleshy erect exalbuminous seeds’. Compared with these trenchant features, no correlative characters are to be found in ۰ Under such cireumstanees it appears to me injudicious to agglomerate into a single natural order groups so utterly distinct as the Myrtacee, Lecythidacee, Barringtoniacee and Napoleone@: a family so congregated can hardly be said to possess a single positive peculiarity, because under the fusion of so many opposing characters, each of the ordinal features necessarily becomes negative, and, according to my view, tends to destroy the uniformity and utility of any system of arrangement based on such a principle. On a future occasion I will proceed to detail the structure of the Barringtoniacee, and will endeavour to show by evidence the affinity they bear to the above and to other families. I propose also to demonstrate that the Napoleonee have no relationship with the above order or with Myrtacee, and that the 2 genera composing it have no mutual affinity, and belong to other different orders. I am also prepared to deal with the many dubious genera referred to the group of the Lecythidacese: Couponi, Aublet, forms a singular genus (Cupirana) of the Apocynacee ; Cupheanthus, Seem., certainly belongs to the Lythracee ; Fetidia, Lam., appears to me to belong to the same family; Calostemma, Benth., seems referable to the Pomec in Rosacee; Tropiera offers a near affinity with Glossopetalum in Celastracee. And I have also to describe and figure a new genus Harmena, founded on a plant from New Caledonia, noticed by Dr. Seemann in his Fl. Vit. as a specimen of Barringtonia speciosa; this forms an interesting genus of ' Dr. Berg makes a distinct tribe of his genus Feijoa (Orthostemon) because of its albuminous seeds (Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. pp. 467 & 615). The two species on which it is established do not appear to differ much from others growing in the same locality, referred to his genus Myrcieugenia. He seems to have had some misgiving on the subject, because he neither describes the albumen in the copious details of the text above cited, nor has he figured it in plate 54, where the ripe fruit is shown. So loose a statement cannot be received as evidence of a fact of such importance, which would form a unique exception to the universal structure of the whole family. It will be remembered that a very analogous error was made in the same work in the case of Maytenus (see Linn. Trans, vol. xxvii. p. 326). MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. - 175 Rhizophoracee, which tends to confirm my notion that the Barringtoniee gravitate towards that family rather than to the Myrtacez. The Lecythidacee, as above analyzed, are here divided into 12 different genera; and I now proceed to give a distinct diagnosis of each and a deseription of their several species. Every specimen to which access was attainable has been carefully examined; and in describing the species to which they belong, one uniform system has been adopted in the arrangement of their characters. In those species described by previous authors, and which I have had no opportunity of examining, the characters so given are redistributed under the same order of sequence as that adopted in my own enumeration, so that their mutual differences may be more easily compared. It is necessary to premise that few herbarium specimens can be identified with the large fruits preserved in museums. I have never attempted in any case to associate them without good authority ; conse- quently the fruits not duly provable appear here as separate species, thus increasing their number to more than circumstances would otherwise warrant; but it is better to suffer this disadvantage than to give a false character to any species. The specific features afforded by the fruits are excellent, and quite equal in value to those furnished by the plants and flowers. No difficulty whatever has been found, in the absence of the fruit; to determine with tolerable accuracy, from the structure of the ovary in the bud, the genus to which any specimen belongs—a result which can hardly be said to have been attainable before. This is a great point gained in our knowledge of the family. The characters, especially those of the ovary, are therefore carefully noted in the several species, as they serve to justify the position to which the different specimens are assigned. 1. GusTAVIA (Plate XXXIII. A). This beautiful genus, one of the oldest of the family, has been considered by most botanists to belong to the Barringtoniee, or has been regarded as an anomalous member of the Myrtacee ; but my analysis demonstrates that it is truly Lecythidaceous. The most prominent rank is here given to it, as the typical genus of the family, because, from its more regular development, it affords a key to a better comprehension of the singular structure found in the other genera. It differs little, in fact, from Couroupita and Cariniana except in the regularity of its development, all the parts being quite similar in their nature and position. Grias more nearly approaches it in the regularity of the parts of the androphorum, although these are more stunted in growth. GUSTAVIA, Linn. Pirigara (in parte), Aubl.; Jeniparandiba, Marcg. T5 oe Calyx adnatus, limbo brevi, aut integro, vel in lobos 4-6 diviso. Petala 6-8 magna, inzequalia, oblonga, concava, valde imbricata, expansa, unguibus ad discum agglutinata. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. Androphorum magnum, petaloideum, ambitu orbiculare, et petala excedens, centro excisum, et ad ungues petalorum hine adnatum, et deinde cum petalis deciduum, imo usque ad medium, in eyathum latum, brevem, carnosulum, e laminis plurimis extus gradatim majoribus arcte agglutinatis formatum, laminarum marginibus liberis, et undique in lacinias, seu appendiculas, numerosas, subu- lato-loriformes fimbriatim. divisis , serie interiore brevi, reliquis imbricatim sensim longioribus, om- ! a : 2 ۸ 2 176 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. nibus incürvatis et circa stylum conniventibus, singulis sub apicem obtusulum staminiferis ; Staming hine numerosissima, brevissima, equalia; filamenta filiformia tenuia; anthere lineares, 2-lobe 9.sulez, apice poris 2 dehiscentes; pollen lenticulare, subtriquetrum. Ovarium inferum, e globosum, aut leve, vel angustissime alatum, 6-loculare, ovulis in quoque loculo pluribus, a placenta axillari protrusa funiculis suspensis ; vertice intra discum depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato : stylus brevis, umboniformis : stigma minutum, obsolete lobatum. Py«idium globosum, pomi molis, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari e sepalis marcidis cinctum ; vitta interzonali brevi, sub- introrsum convexa; zona superiore circulari, integra; operculo orbiculari depresse convexo, con- cavo aut planato, imo columella angulata amplificata: pericarpium tenuiter coriaceum, sublignosum, leve vel 6-alatum, loculis 6, vel abortu paucioribus, dissepimentis in pulpam carnosam reductis : semina in quoque loculo 6, vel abortu pauciora, fabæ mole, in pulpa nidulantia, funiculis oblongis paullo minoribus carnosis intus spiraliter fibrosis suspensa : testa crustacea, nitida, summo micropyle magna signata: integumentum internum tenue: embryo exalbuminosus, cotyledonibus 2, ovalibus, plano-convexis, carnosis, radicula supera, brevi, tereti, plumula conspicua immersa. Arbores vel arbusculi Americe meridionalis, frondosi ; folia alterna, oblonga, subserrata, breviter petiolata, sepe conferta : flores terminales vel axillares, fasciculati, magni, albi, rosei aut flavi, sepe odorati ; pedicelli medio 2-bracteolati; bractez parve. 1. Gustavia AUGUsTA, Linn. Dissert. Pl. Surinam. p. 17, cum icone; Amoenit. Acad. viii. 266, tab. 5; Linn. fil. Suppl. 313; Willd. Sp. iii. 846; DC. Prodr. iii. 289 (excl. syn.): Gustavia augusta, var. Gui روز‎ Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. fasc. 18, p. 410, tab. 56 (excl. tab. 55); in Linn. xxvii. p. 442: Gustavia urceolata, Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 156, tab. 5; DC. Prodr. iii. 289: Gustavia insignis, Willd. hb.: Gustavia meizo- carpa?, Gaertn. Fr. ii. 264, tab. 138 : ramulis angulatis, striatis, fuscis ; foliis majus- culis, alternatim confertis, oblongo-lanceolatis, a medio deorsum sensim cuneatis, apice gradatim obtusatis, aut subacutis, supra medium distincte serratis, vel erenu- latis, leviter chartaceis, supra viridibus, nervis divergentibus juxta marginem nexis, semiimmersis, reticulatis, subtus paullo pallidioribus, opacis, nervis costatis venisque reticulatis prominentibus, petiolo semitereti, fusco, limbo 24-plo breviore: floribus axillaribus, solitariis, vel 2-4 congestis, maximis, speciosis ; pedicellis longis, validis, apice crassioribus, supra medium 2-bracteolatis; calycis limbo brevissimo, integro, ‚erenulato, subreflexo; petalis 8, quorum 4 majoribus, 2 multo minoribus, oblongis, unguieulatis, crassiusculis, rosaceo-albis, extus granulatis et griseo-puberulis, intus parce tomentellis ; androphoro magno, extus punctulis pallidis minute granulato; ovario infero, hemispheerico, ecostato, puberulo, 6-loculari, ovulis plurimis ad axin funiculis suspensis, vertice intra discum elevatum concavo, glabro, granulato ; stigmate parvo fere sessili, 6-lobo, umbonato : pyxidio pyriformi-globoso, viridi, levi; zona calycari paullulo sub apicem lineari, integra; vitta interzonali angustissima; operculo orbiculari, plano, centro breviter umbonato; pericarpio tenuiter coriaceo, 6-loculari, paucispermo; seminibus oblongo-ovatis, nigris, funiculis crassis longis torte corrugatis suspensis.—In Guiana (Poiret): v. s. in hb. Hook. Surinam (Host- mann, 276), Guiana (Talbot), Guiana (Schomburgk), Guiana (Appun, 1856), fluv. Maná (Sagot, 268), Cayenne (Martin), Brasilia (Burchell, 10,080), in hb. Mus: . Brit. Guiana (Martin), Guiana (Aubl.), Surinam (sine nom. in hb. Smith.) This species was originally described and well figured by Linneus in 1775; another E : | 2 | 1 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. ۱ 177 good account, with an excellent figure, was afterwards contributed by Poiteau. Berg, however, has created much perplexity by figuring a very different Species, and con- founding with it several other plants. It seems confined to Guiana; for Burchell's specimen from the vieinity of Pará, from its paler leaves and different aspect, probably belongs to some other species. It grows chiefly in the savannas, forming a tree 20—40 feet high, with a trunk 1 foot in diam., with thick branches; the leaves, approximated at the end of the branches, are 10-18 in. long, 21—4 in. broad, on a petiole 4-2 in. long, and with about 20 pairs of nerves: the peduncle, about 2 in. long, bears 2-4 pedicels 2 in. long, with 2 small opposite bracts in the middle: the flower expanded is 6 in. across; the larger petals are 2% in. long, 13 in. broad; the cup of the androphorum is 14 in. broad, the appendages of the outer row are 9 lines long, all converging to the centre ; anthers 13 lin. long, sublinear, 2-celled, opening by 2 pores at the apex and supported by a short slender filament: the globular pyxidium, turbinate at base, truncated at the summit, is 24 in. in diam. in the middle: the interzonary band is about 1 line high, the flat umbonated operculum is 13 in. in diam.; the seeds are 1 in. long, $ in. broad, smooth, suspended by a twisting plicated fleshy funicle of nearly its length. Gaertner's drawing of the fruit probably belongs to some other species, as it is more globular, deeply sulcated and subtorulose. Sagot’s specimen also belongs to another species, as the bracts are placed near the summit of the pedicel. 2. GUSTAVIA SUPERBA, Berg in Linn. xxvii. 444: Gustavia augusta, DO. (non. Linn.) Prodr. iii. 289: Gustavia angustifolia, Seem. (non Bth.) Bot. Her. p. 126: Gustavia insignis, Hook. Bot. Mag. tab. 5069 : Pirigara superba, H. B. K. vii. 262 : ramulis glabris, pallidis, striatis, cicatrisatis, fistulosis: foliis congestis, lanceolato-oblongis, imo spathulato-cuneatis et fere sessilibus, apice acute acuminatis, remote et argute serratis, glaberrimis, translucenter submembranaceis, utrinque pallidissime viridibus et opacis, nervis tenuibus, divaricatis, arcuatim nexis, prominulis, transversim valde reticulatis, subtus costa nervisque stramineis prominentibus, petiolo glabro, semi- tereti, lineatim marginato, limbo 9-10plo breviore: racemo brevi, terminali, vel e trunco nascente ; floribus purpurascentibus, odoriferis ; rachi petiolo paullo longiori ; pedicellis alternatim congestis, puberulis, infra medium bracteolis 2 parvis imo connatis munitis; calycis limbo brevi, integro, vel obsolete 6-lobato et crenulato; petalis 8, oblongis, quorum 4 angustioribus, intus albis, extus rubescentibus, ungue flavo; androphoro albo; ovario turbinato, ecostato, glabro, vertice depresso, velu- tino: fructu flavo-viridi, eduli. In Nova Granada, prov. Carthagena, prope Tur- baco (-Bonpland) : v. s. àn herb. Hook. prov. Panama (Seemann, 579), Nova Granada (Barclay), Ecuador (Sinclair). This is a well-marked species, easily recognized by its large membranaceous reticulated leaves coarsely serrated on the margins, the inflorescence of fine handsome flowers springing from the trunk. It grows near Carthagena, where it is known by the name of Membrillo (Quince) from its edible fruit. It abounds in the inner parts of the province of Panama, where it forms entire forests; it is a tree 50 feet high, with a durable scentless wood, used for building; its branches are simple and erect, marked < 178 | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. by the cicatrices of the fallen leaves: the leaves are 9-24 in. long, 31-51 im. bro ES on a petiole 1-21 in. long, and with about 20 pairs of nerves; the pedicels in the bud are 2 in. long, but they finally attain a length of 23 in.; the petals are 2 im. long, 12 in. broad. Sir Wm. Hooker's drawing of this species, under the name of Gustavia insignis, was taken from a plant cultivated at Kew, and sent by Linden, probably from New Granada. 3. GUSTAVIA CONFERTA, Spruce MSS.: Gustavia augusta, var. conferta, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J, c. p. 471: ramulis pallide brunneis, interrupte striatis, lenticellatis; foliis elongato-oblongis, imo sensim cuneatis, supra medium angustioribus et in acumen obtusulum gradatim attenuatis, marginibus inferioribus integris, sursum vix aut leviter serratis, dentibus obtusis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra fusco-viridibus, opacis, nervis patentim divaricatis, intra marginem arcuatim nexis, costaque paullo pro- minulis, subtus leviter brunneis, opacis, valde reticulatis, costa nervis venisque prominentibus, petiolo brevissimo aut vix ullo: racemo axillari, brevi, 3-4-floro; raehi brevi, fusca, angulato-striata ; pedicellis confertim alternis, crassiusculis, sul- catis, ferrugineo-pruinosis, supra medium 2-bracteolatis ; calycis limbo brevissimo, rotundato-undulato, obsolete 6-lobato, ferrugineo-opaco; petalis 6-8, spathulato- oblongis, carnosulis, in alabastro ferrugineo-pulverulentis : ovario turbinato, ecostato, fusce opaco, granulatim ruguloso, 6-loculari, vertice intra discum subplanum griseo- pubescente; stylo brevissimo, conico; stigmate brevissimo 6-lobo, intus papilloso. In Brasilia, v. s. in herb. Hook.; in Amazonas inter Santarem et Barra (Spruce, 1165); Rio Negro, Parahuámirim dos Ramos (Spruce, 1011) ; Rio Negro (1574 bis, sub @. fastuosa). A species very different from @. augusta, of which it was considered to be a variety by Dr. Berg ; but it differs in its leaves being darker, of more lurid hue, almost sessile, and in its smaller flowers. Itis a small tree, 5-15 feet high; its leaves are 8-10 in. long, 21-8 in. broad, on a petiole 1—2 in. long. The rachis of the inflorescence is only a few lines long ; the pedicels 2—1 in. long; the flower expanded is 41 in. in diam. ; the spathulate petals 2 in. long, 1 in. broad ; the androphorum 13 in. in diam. 4. GUSTAVIA LACINIOSA, nob. : Gustavia augusta, var. calycaris in parte, Berg, l.c. ۰ 471: foliis approximatis, elongato-oblongis, vel elliptico-oblongis, a medio deorsum sensim angustioribus, imo in petiolum subito acutis, apice breviter et obtuse acuminatis, v marginibus laciniose et grosse serratis, chartaceis, glaberrimis, supra viridibus, nervis subpatentim divaricatis juxta marginem arcuatim nexis, subtus luride viri- dibus, petiolo subtenui, limbo 14-plo breviore : racemo terminali, 4-6-floro, floribus odoriferis ; pedicellis alternis, medio 2-bracteolatis ; calycis limbo 6-dentato, dentibus late rotundatis; petalis roseis, margine pallidioribus; androphoro albo: ۴ turbinato, eeostato: fructu flavido-viridi (sicco fusco), lenticellis flavidis crebre maculato, subgloboso, supra basin paullo constricto et sub zonam caleycarem 09 tato; hzc undulatim 6-loba, membranacea; vitta interzonali brevissima; vns MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 179 superiore integra. In Brasilia: v. s. in herb. Hook. ad ostium Rio Negro (Spruce, 1574 in parte sub G. augusta): v. fruct. s. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce, 1574, sub G. fastuosa). It isa bushy tree, 15-20 feet high, with leaves 19-13 in. long, 32 in. broad, on a petiole 2—1 in. long, and about 22 pairs of nerves: the raceme is about 3 in. long, the pedicels, 3-6 lines apart, are 1-11 in. long. The pyxidium is 12 in. long, 13 in. broad in the middle, contracted to 12 in. below the calycary zone, which is 14 in. in diam., the interzonal band 1 line high; upper zone 12 in. in diam. | - In the form of its leaves it approaches G. superba, but differs in their much thicker texture, coarser and blunter teeth, a more obtuse acumen and more slender, longer, distinct petioles, in the more slender inflorescence, ecostate ovary, with 6 acute teeth. For the same reasons it differs from G. conferta and G. calycaris, with which it is con- founded by Berg. 5. GUSTAVIA ANTILLANA, nob.: ramulis pallidis, opacis, profunde sulcatis: foliis con- fertis, cuneato-lanceolato-oblongis, supra medium sensim acuminatis, marginibus subrevolutis, crenato-serratis, rigide chartaceis, utrinque pallidissimis, opacis, nervis divaricatis juxta marginem nexis, costa supra striolata prominula, subtus promi- . nente, fulvida, striolata, nervis venisque reticulatis prominentibus, petiolo supra convexiusculo, subtus convexo, striolato, subpruinoso : inflorescentia ignota : pyxidio subparvo, globoso, sub zonam coarctato; zona calycari lineatim circulari: vitta interzonali angustissima, horizontali ; zona superiore circulari; operculo concavo; periearpio tenui, crustaceo, pallide brunneo, lenticellis granosis flavidis erebre maculato. In Antillanis: v. s. in herb. Hook. S. Vincente (Guilding, sub G. hexa- petala), v. fruct. s. in Mus. Kew. (Guilding). À species remarkable for its extremely pallid rigid leaves and the smallness of its fruit. The leaves are 8-10 in. long, 21-3 in. broad, on a stoutish flattened petiole 4 in. long ; the specimen has no flower; the pyxidium is 1 in. high, 1 broad in the middle; the calycary zone, searcely prominent, is 1 in. in diam. 6. GUSTAVIA DUBIA, Berg; Linn. xxvii. p. 446 (excl. syn.) : foliis oblongis, vel oblongo- lanceolatis, utrinque angustatis, medio subserratis, chartaceis, supra nervis sub- patulis, tenuibus, prominulis, valde reticulatis, costa planiuseula, subtus costa prominente, nervis costatis, petiolo limbo 16-20plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota : pedicello fructifero longo, medio minute 2-bracteolato ; fructu globoso, levi, tenu- issime velutino. In Nova Granada ad fluv. Magdalena (spec. malum in Mus Bero- lino, herb. Willd., no. 10155, sec. cl. Berg): non vidi. | This plant is evidently a Gustavia, to which Berg referred the Lecythis elliptica and L. dubia of Kunth, which most certainly are two very different plants. 1t appears to come very near G. Antillana: its leaves are 71-81 in. long, 24-2} in. broad, on a petiole 1-6 lines long; the peduncle of the fruit is 14 in. long, the pyxidium is 14 in. in diam. The specimen is said to be very incomplete. 180 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 7. GUSTAVIA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Benth. Voy. Sulph. p. 99; Seem. (non Benth.) Bot. Her, p. 126; Berg, Linn. xxvii. 443 : ramulis crassiusculis, albidulis : foliis subsessilibus, anguste oblongis, basi longe sensim angustatis, apice acuminatis, acumine obtusulo, marginibus subrevolutis obsolete serratis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra viridibus, opacis, nervis planis et suleatulis arcuatim nexis, venis valde reticulatis et prominulis, subtus paullo pallidioribus, nervis venisque prominentibus, utrinque opace pruinosis, petiolo brevissimo, aut vix ullo : floribus terminalibus, 3-4, subfasciculatis, sepe e trunco nascentibus, griseo-puberulis, pedicellis striatis, imo braetea late lanceolata, et paullo sub apicem bracteolis 2 minutis donatis; calycis limbo brevissimo, sub- integro, vel obsoletissime 6-lobo;. petalis sepius 6, oblongis, obtuse rotundatis, albis aut purpurascentibus, extus puberulis ; ovario turbinato, ecostato, tomentello. In America tropicali : v. s. in herb. Hook. Columbia (Hinds). A very distinct species: its leaves are 10-17 in. long, 23-4 in. broad, almost epetio- late; flowers sometimes appearing on the trunk; the pedicels are slender, 10 lines long; their basal bract is 4-5 lines long, the 2 minute bracteoles placed 2 lines below the apex; the limb of the calyx is extremely narrow; the petals are 11 lines long, 5 lines broad. Mr. Bentham states that the leaves are pellucid-punetate; but they have no pellucid glands, as in Myrtacee; the translucent dots are due only to the - thinness of the parenchyma in the small areoles formed by the reticulations of the coarse veins. | This species differs from G. superba, from the same region, in its smaller, more chartaeeous, almost sessile leaves, subpuberulous on both sides, and much smaller flowers. 8. GUSTAVIA PUBESCENS, Ruiz et Pav. vol. ined. p. 306, tab. 351; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 443: foliis sessilibus, spathulato-oblongis, imo sensim longe et gradatim angustatis, supra medium latioribus, apice breviter acuminatis, serrulatis, chartaceis, supra opacis, d glabris, nervis utrinque circ. 62 divaricatis marginem versus arcuatis, puberulis, subtus molliter pubescentibus, nervis costatis, costaque media prominentibus, et ‚tomentosis: inflorescentia ignota: floribus speciosis, magnis, petalis ovali-oblongis, coriaceis. In Ecuador ad Guayaquil: non vidi. The specimen in the Berlin herbarium, according to Berg, consists only of a single leaf, a few petals, and an androphorum ; but all the other details are derived from Ruiz's details and his drawing: from these it appears a very good species. The leaves are 32) in. long, 7 in. broad above the middle, 10 lines broad at the insertion; so that they must be somewhat auriculated at their base: the petals of their handsome flowers are 2-2 1 in. long, 15-17 lines broad. It is suffieiently distinct from the preceding species. 9. GUSTAVIA GRACILLIMA, nob. : ramulis pallidis, profunde suleato-striatis, sparse lent- E cellatis, apice creberrime foliiferis ; foliis lanceolato-linearibus, sub medium sensum 1 spathulatis et in petiolo longe decurrentibus, apice gradatim attenuatis, acumine E obtusulo, tenuissime chartaceis, flaccidis, marginibus subundulatis et crenulate- 1 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 181 serrulatis, dentibus brevibus, obtusulis, utrinque pallide viridibus et valde opacis, nervis numerosissimis, divaricatis, intra marginem adscendentibus, supra semi- immersis, subtus prominulis, costa utrinque prominente, petiolo tenuissimo, elon- gato, tereti, superne marginato, limbo 7plo breviore: racemo plurifloro; pedicellis crebre approximatis, tenuibus ; floribus majusculis, speciosis; calycis limbo brevis- simo, crenulato ; petalis 6, elongato-oblongis, obtusis; ovario infero, ecostato. In regno Granatensi: v. s. in hb. Hook., Nova Granada (Purdie). A very distinet and beautiful species, apparently with pendent slender b cadres crowded at the extremity with slender leaves: the leaves are 10-131 in. long, 1 in. broad, on a very slender petiole 15-2 in. long: the petals are 3 in. long, 1 in. broad. 10. GusTAVIA VERTICILLATA, nob.: ramulis virgatis pallidis, striatis, cum axillis remo- tiuseulus; foliis in verticellis pluribus, congestis, recurvis, pro genere parvis, anguste oblongis, utrinque acutis, marginibus cartilagineis, integris vel subundulatis, glabris, rigide chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, ad nervos sulcatis, opacis, nervis tenuibus, patentibus, longe intra marginem arcuatim nexis, subprominulis, subtus paullo pallidioribus, opacis, costa striolata nervisque flavescentibus prominentibus, petiolo tenui, canaliculato, marginato, limbo 4plo breviore : floribus in axillis paucis, vel terminalibus 4-5 congestis, mediocribus ; pedicellis breviusculis, recurvis, pallide brunneis, striatis, rigide puberulis, supra medium bracteolis 2 ovalibus munitis; calycis limbo angustissimo, integro, crenulato; petalis 8, anguste oblongis; andro- phoro magno, cupulari; ovario turbinato, subparvo, obsolete costato, puberulo, vertice intra discum angustum plano, opaco, stylo brevi umbonato. In Nova Gra- nada: v. s. in hb. Hook., prov. Mariqueta, Rio Magdalena (Triana, 4167). A species very distinct from all others; its virgate branchlets are 1} line thick, with axils about 13 in. apart: leaves about 5 in each verticel, very pendulous, 4-7 in. long, 12-2 in. broad, on a petiole 1-14 in. long; pedicels 6 lines long, with 2 bracts 1 line long, placed 4 lines above the base ; the calycine limb is 5 lines in diam. ll. Gustavıa SPECIOSA, DC. Prodr. iii. 289; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 445: Pirigara spe- ` ciosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. vii. 262: foliis maximis, oblongo-lanceolatis, infra medium longe spathulato-angustatis, imo breviter obtusatis, apice in acumen obtuse acutum . attenuatis, marginibus integris aut undulato-sinuatis, rigide chartaceis, supra dense viridibus aut pallidioribus, opacis, nervosis, creberrime reticulatis, costa valida, subtus viridibus, opacis, costa nervisque flavidis prominentibus, petiolo semi- tereti, canalieulato, fusco, limbo 8plo breviore: racemis terminalibus, vel trunco enatis, 4—5-floris ; pedicellis tomentosis, medio bibraeteolatis; floribus speciosis albis vel roseis, odoriferis ; calycis limbo angusto, obsolete lobato, utrinque prui- noso; petalis 6, maximis, oblongis, carnosis, quorum 3 sæpe angustioribus : ovario turbinato, minime 6-costo, tomentoso, 6-loculari, vertice concavo, albide tomentoso ; stylo breviter conico, glabro, 6-suleato: fructu 6-loculari. In Nova Granada ad Mariquita (Bonpland) et in Brasilia: v. s. in hb. Hook., Rio Negro, Barcellos (Spruce, 1535); Barcellos, gapo de Barraroa (Spruce, 1933). VOL. XXx. 2 8 182 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. A bushy tree 20-30 feet high, on the Rio Negro. The leaves are 9-24 in. long, 314 in. broad, on a petiole 1-23 in. long, with about 30 pairs of nerves: the pedunele is about 2 in. long; the pedicels 2-3 lines apart, are 1 in. long; the limb of the calyx sub-6-lobed, 13 line broad ; the petals 2-3 in. long. The species is well distinguished by the long petioles of its large lanceolate leaves. I have not adopted Berg’s amended diagnosis, because it was altered to embrace the following species. Spruce’s plants are here considered to be specifically the same as Bonpland's plant from Mariquita, as there is scarcely any difference in the characters assigned to it. 0 12. GUSTAVIA LATIFOLIA, nob.: Gustavia speciosa, Benth. (non DO.), Pl. Hartw. p. 176; Berg, Linn. xxvii. 445 : foliis cuneato-oblongis, imo gradatim spathulatis, ad medium ample latioribus, apice acumine brevi obtusulo constrietis, marginibus subintegris, aut obsolete serratis, irregulariter repando-erenatis, submembranaceis aut flaceide chartaceis, supra viridibus, pruinoso-opacis, ad nervos divaricate arcuatim nexos sulcatulis, subtus pallidioribus, flavescentibus, opacis, minute granulosis, subpube- J rulis, costa nervisque prominentibus ; petiolo semitereti, elongato, fusco, limbo 5-6plo breviore: racemis abbreviatis, 4-8-floris, ramis vetustis enatis, pedicellis longiusculis, congestis, subvalidis, flavide tomentoso-puberulis, imo bractea rotun- data concava, et supra medium bracteolis 2 minutis munitis ; calycis limbo brevi, crassiusculo, patenter subcampanulato, irregulariter crenato; petalis 6, ovato-oblongis, puberulis, albis: ovario hemispheerice turbinato, obsolete 6-costato, granulato, ferru- gineo-pubescente, 6-loculari, vertice intra discum crenato-pulvinatum concavo, radiatim striolato et tomentoso; stylo brevissimo umbonato: fructu eduli. In America tropica: v. s. in hb. Hook., Guaduas in prov. Bogota (Hartweg, 981), Panama (Seemann, sine num.). This is a slender tree 30-40 feet high; its leaves are 101-12 in. long, 44-42 in. broad, on a petiole 21-23 in. long, having about 18 pairs of nerves; the inflorescence sometimes terminal, more generally springing from the wood of its bare branches, has a thick peduncle 4 in. long, bearing almost fasciculated flowers; the stout pedicels are curved, 13-12 in. long, the basal bract 3 lines long, and broad, and 2 minute bracts 3 lines below the summit ; the limb of the calyx is $ line broad and 9 lines in diam. ; the flower expanded is 23 in. or more in diameter. The species is very distinct from G. speciosa, to which it has been referred : although approaching it in its lengthened petioles, the leaves are double the breadth in proportion, obtusely and shortly constrieted at the apex (not long and sharply acuminated at the summit), and having only 18 pairs. of nerves (instead of 30): in the Panama specimen the leaves are more glabrous, and the petiole flatter. 13. Gustavia PULCHRA, nob.: foliis elongato-oblongis, imo longe spathulatis et in pe- tiolo decurrentibus, a medio sursum latioribus, apice subrotundatis, supra medium repando-serratis, marginibus revolutis, chartaceis, supra viridibus, opacis, pu ۱ tenuibus prominulis, costa convexa, subtus luride fuscioribus vel hepatice viridibus, valde opacis, nervis pluribus prominentibus, venis transversim reticulatis, petiolo An Ha A Ta PA a ni MN ES MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 183 subtenui, canaliculato, fusco, limbo 35plo breviore: racemis subbrevibus, expansis, alternatim 6—10-floris, (trunco enatis?); floribus magnis, roseis, odoriferis; pedi- cellis subtenuibus, longiusculis, rugulosis, opace ochraceis, pruinosis, angulato- striatis, ultra medium 2-bracteolatis; calycis limbo anguste et breviter acute 6-den- tato; petalis 8, oblongis, carnosulis, in alabastro albido-tomentosis; androphoro magno, subgloboso, appendieulis tenuibus: ovario turbinato, obsolete 6-costato, pulverulento, vertice subconcavo, reticulato ; stylo breviter conico, 6-sulcato ; stig- mate niveo 6-radiato coronato. In Venezuela et Brasilise confinibus : v. s. in herb. Hook., Rio Casiquiare (Spruce, sine num.), Rio Uranaeuá (Spruce, 1983). A tree 20—30 feet high, growing by the side of rivers, and apparently confined to the upper tributaries of the Rio Negro; it is near G. speciosa, differing, as Dr. Spruce well observes, in the thinner texture of its leaves, a less number of nervures, in their more spathulate form, rounded on the summit, decurrent at base, on a shorter petiole, more numerous flowers on longer and more slender pedicels, bracteolated above the middle, the calycine limb more distinctly and acutely lobed. The leaves are 17-25 in. long, 3-43 in. broad, on a petiole 3-2 in. long, with about 24 pairs of nerves, at a distance from each other of 10 lines: the raceme, apparently torn from the trunk, has a peduncle 1-2 in. long, pedicels 13-24 in. long; limb of calyx 13 line long, 7 lines in diam.; the petals 2-21 in. long, 2-1 in. broad ; the flower expanded is 43-5 in. in width. I have corrected the locality given by Spruce, the river properly spelled is Uaranaeuá (not Uanauaca); it is near Carvocira. 14. Gustavia MARCGRAAVIANA, nob.: Gustavia augusta, Berg in parte (non Linn.) in Mart. Fl. Bras. fasc. 18. p. 469, tab. 55, 56: Janiparandiba, Marcg. Bras. cap. 9, p.109; Japarandiba, Pis. 9. p. 172: ramulis crassiusculis cinerascenti-brunneis, striolatis, lenticellis verruculosis: foliis erebre alternis, subsessilibus, oblongis vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo sensim cuneatis, ultra medium amplioribus, apice in acumen subacutum gradatim aut subito attenuatis, margine tenui nervigero vix revoluto serratis, flaccide chartaceis, supra leete viridibus, subnitentibus, costa tenui, nervis tenuibus paullo prominulis, venis crebriter transversis reticulatis, subtus fere conco- loribus, costa valida, striolata, nervis costatis, venis prominulis, petiolo lato, brevis- simo, seepe nullo: floribus speciosissimis, in ramulis novellis ex axillis brevissimis terminalibus; rachi brevissima, pluribracteolata, 1- ad 6-flora ; pedicellis subvalidis, pallide opacis, glabris, angulato-striatis, crebre granulatis, paullo ultra medium bracteolis 2 parvis acutis donatis; calycis limbo brevissimo, integro, undulatim recuryulo; petalis 9, quorum 6 maximis, oblongis, obtusis, imo sensim unguiculatis, utrinque levibus, glabris, subinzequalibus, carnosulis, planis, albis ?, siecis aureo- luteis; androphoro magno, subgloboso, fusciore, subtus hemisphzerice cupulato, mar- gine et intus appendiculis longis lineari-subulatis erebre pluriserialibus ineurvatis staminigeris munito: ovario infero, turbinato, ecostato, opace pruinoso, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis, a placentis crassis centralibus appensis et cum funiculis multiseri- atis radiantibus, vertice intra discum elevatum subconcavo, sparsim albide piloso ; 2 ظ 2 184 | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. stylo brevi, conico; stigmate minimo, 4-lobatim globoso: pyxidio subgloboso, In Brasilia : v. s. in herb. variis, Pernambuco (Gardner, 1022). A small tree, common in woods near Pernambuco; its branchlets are 1-2 in. thick 3 with a soft wood, almost fistulous, or filled with a large quantity of pith; the axils ka alternately 3-4 lines apart; the leaves are 6-18 in. long, 3-5 in. wide, on a broad petiole 1 line long, or sometimes decurrent to its base, and they have about 20 pairs of nerves: the pedicel is 14 in. long, with 2 bracteoles, 1 in. above the base, 1 line long, and pube- rulous: the flower expanded is 53 in. in diam. : the calycine border is 3 line broad, very crenulated and undulated; the unequal petals are 13-23 in. long., 3-1 in. broad; the cup of the androphorum is 13 in. in diam., its outer appendages 9 lines long, $ line broad. I doubt much whether the pyxidium figured by Berg under G. augusta belongs io this species. I therefore do not cite the dimensions he gives of it. According to Maregraaf, it is rather larger than an apple, flatly truncated at the summit, 2 or 3 hanging together in a bunch, greyish externally, yellow within: the seeds are oblong, the size of an almond-nut, shining, somewhat angular, and cordate where they are attached to the coiling thick funicles. The plant of Gardner is unquestionably identical with the Jani- parandiba of Marcgraaf from the same locality, and is certainly distinct from G. angusta, Linn., to which it is referred and figured in Berg's plates 55 & 56. 15. GusrAVIA LONGIFOLIA, Pöpp.: Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. Z. c. 472; in Linn. xxvii. p.442: arbor parva; foliis magnis spathulatis, sessilibus, apice obtusiuscule acutatis, leviter serrulatis, chartaceis, supra cano-virentibus, opacis, creberrime et subtilissime punctatis, nervis crebre parallelis, subpatulis, marginem versus adscen- | dentibus, prominulis, subtus puberulis, nervis venisque tenuissimis reticulatis pro- minentibus: racemis 1-4-floris e trunco vel ex axillis inferioribus ortis; pedicellis puberulis, infra medium 2-bracteolatis, bracteolis minimis, ovatis; calycis limbo fere integro, vel breviter rotundiusculo et 3—4-lobo; petalis 8, obverse oblongis, alternatim angustioribus, roseo-purpureis : ovario infero, turbinato, puberulo, vertice depresse orbiculari, 4-loculari, loculis pluriovulatis; stylo obsoleto; stigmate obso- lete 4-sulcato: pyxidio globoso, sanguineo, 3—4-loculari, 3-4-spermo; seminibus obovatis. In Peruvia, ad Yurimaguas, in prov. Maynas (Pöppig, 2094) : non vidi. A small tree 6 feet high, scarcely ramose, called Chope or Sachavaya by the natives. The leaves are 13-2 feet long, 5-73 in. broad above the middle, 10-18 lines broad at the sessile base, and without petioles; pedicels 8-16 lines long ; lobes of calyx 2 lines broad, 4 line long; greenish petals, broader ones 1 in, long, 5 lines broad; androphorum 5 lines long, incurved; filament 4 lines long, anther bursting at summit by 2 short longitudinal fissures; ovary 4 lines long; disk 5 lines in diam.; pyxidium 2 in. in diam., with 2 single seed in each cell; a very distinet species, remarkable for its large, very broad, sessile leaves, with very close parallel nerves, and puberulous beneath; flowers of mode- rate size, upon long pedicels. 16, Gustavia PŒPPIGIANA, Berg in Mart. Fl, Bras. l. c. p. 471; Linn. xxvii. 442 : foliis MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 185 in apice ramulorum congestis, elongato-oblongis, imo longe et anguste sensim spathulatis, apice obtusatis, aut breviter obtuse acuminatis, repando-serratis, glabris, nervis plurimis, erecto-patulis, intra marginem adscendentibus, utrinque promi- nentibus, petiolo limbo circ. 60plo breviore; racemo brevi, terminali, plurifloro ; pedicellis brevibus, medio 2-bracteolatis; calycis limbo brevi, integro; petalis albis, demum roseis; ovario infero, turbinato, velutino, 4-costato ; pyxidio globoso, ma- jusculo, 4-costato, cinereo-viridi, summo plano, 4-loculari. In Alta Amazonas, ad Ega (Pöppig, 2658): non vidi. A species very near G. speciosa, apparently differing only in its shorter petioles, and somewhat smaller flowers: its leaves are 6-16 in. long, 2-5 in. broad above the middle, on a petiole 1 to 3 lines long, and with about 20 pairs of nerves: the pedicels are 4 lines long, bracteoles oval, 13 line long; ovary 4 lines long; petals 2 in. long; fruit 3 in. in diam.; seeds cuneately angular. 17. GUSTAVIA CALYCARIS, nob.: Gustavia augusta, var. calycaris, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l.c. p. 471: ramulis fusco-griseis, rugulosis; foliis sepius maximis, oblongo- lanceolatis, imo longe spathulato-angustatis, et in petiolum sensim obtusatis, supra medium sensim latioribus, sursum gradatim angustioribus, et in acumen acutum constrictis, marginibus fere integris aut undulato-sinuatis, rigide chartaceis, supra viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuibus utrinque circ. 24 remote divergentibus, juxta marginem nexis, vix prominulis, costa prominula, striolata, subtus paullo pallidi- oribus, nervis fulvidis, prominentibus, venis transversim reticulatis, petiolo sub- valido, subcanaliculato, fulvido, limbo 30plo breviore: racemo axillari, brevi, alter- natim 10-floro; rachi opace .brunnea, striata; floribus speciosis, roseis, odoratis ; pedicellis longiusculis, angulato-sulcatis, fusco-pruinosis, paullo sub apicem bracteolis 2 lineari-aeutis munitis; calyeis limbo brevi, in dentes 4 latos acutos rotatos diviso, utrinque pruinoso; petalis 10, valde imbricatis, subzequalibus, ovato-oblongis, car- nosulis, roseis, utrinque griseo-opacis et pulverulentis: ovario turbinato, fusco- tomentoso, leviter 4-costato, 4-loculari, vertice intra discum elevatum valde con- cavo, flavide opaco; stylo brevi, conico, umbonato; stigmate inconspicuo. In ‘Amazonas: v. s. in herb. Hook., inter Santarem et Barra (Spruce, sine num.); Rio Negro usque ad Solimóes (Spruce, 1574); Rio Negro (Spruce, 1574 bis, sub G. fas- tuosa). This species is very distinct from G. conferta, and is noted by Berg as differing from it by its 4-lobed calyx; but he has confounded the specimens of Spruce's plants referred to them respectively. Spruce says it is a bushy tree, 15 to 20 feet high; its leaves are 10-14 in. long, 2-33 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lines long, with nerves diverging at a distance of 2 in. apart in the larger leaves; the raceme, apparently axillary, is about 2} in. long; the pedicels 3-14 in. long, with bracteoles 4-1 in. above the base, each 3 lines long: the flower expanded is 3} in. broad; the limb of the calyx is subquadrate, 1 line long at the lobes, 4 line broad in each sinus, the lobes opposite to the slender costal ridges; the petals 14-2 in. long, $ in. broad; the androphorum is white; the fruit of a yellowish-green colour. 186 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 18. Gustavia RUIZIANA, Berg, in Linn. xxvii. 444; Gustavia augusta, R. & P. (non Linn.), in Fl. Peruv. tom. v. ined. p. 117, tab. 485: ramulis crassis, cortice rugoso, suberoso ; foliis spathulato-lanceolatis, imo longe angustatis, apice acuminatis, leviter serratis, chartaceis, supra glabris, nervis utrinque 30, subdivaricatis, juxta marginem adscendentibus, haud prominulis, reticulatis, subtus puberulis, nervis prominentibus, costa crassiuscula; petiolo valido, limbo 20plo breviore: floribus plurimis, congestis ; pedunculis validis, tomentellis, supra medium minute 2-brac- teolatis; ovario infero ecostato calyceque leviter 4-lobo tomentellis. In Ecuador ad Guayaquil (Ruiz): non vidi. This species appears to differ from G. angustifolia in its petiolated, thicker, nar- rower leaves, glabrous above, and its 4-lobed calyx ; from G. augusta in its petiolated thinner leaves, puberulous below, subdivaricately costate nerves, tomentose pedicels, and 4-lobed ealyx. The leaves are 19 in. long, 3 in. broad, on a petiole 16 lines long: the pedicels are 2-23 in. long. 19. GUSTAVIA PTEROCARPA, Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 158, tab. 6 et 7; DC. Prodr. lii, 290; Hook. Bot. Mag. 5239: Gustavia fastuosa (in parte), Berg (non Willd.), in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2. c. p. 473; Linn. xxvii. 446: cortice suberoso, rufescente; ramulis brunneis, profunde et interrupte striatis, rugosis, et subverruculosis ; foliis elongato-elliptieis, imo cuneatim angustioribus, valde acutis, apice in acumen breve acutum vel obtusulum constrictis, distincte repando-serratis, rigide char- taceis, supra viridibus, ad nervos sulcatis, nervis tenuibus, subpatentibus, sub- immersis, costa tenui, subtus pallidioribus, opace flavescentibus, costa nervisque nitenti-rubidulis et prominentibus, petiolo fusco, subtenui, canaliculato, marginato, limbo 16plo breviore: floribus terminalibus, 3-6 congestis; pedicellis angulosis, pruinoso-puberulis, medio 2-bracteolatis, bracteolis acutis; calycis limbo ad basin in sepala 6 diviso, sepalis lanceolato-triangulatis, acutis, fuscis, crassis, erectis, utrinque granulato-rugulosis, marginibus undulato-crispatis; petalis 6, quintuplo longioribus, oblongis, obtusis, subunguiculatis, subequalibus, albis, imo subroseis, extus ad basin niveo-tomentosis, intus levibus: ovario infero, turbinato, ferru- gineo-opaco, granulato, alis 6 angustis undulato-crispatis et imo mucronatis, sepalis alternis donato, 6-loculari, pluriovulato, vertice intra discum plano, pruinoso; stylo brevissimo, obtuso; stigmate parvo, radiatim 6-lobato, albo: pyxidio globoso, eri patim 6-alato, calyce persistente coronato, opereulo plano, umbonato. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Hook., fluv. Maná (Poiteau); Acarauari (Sagot, 950); Surinam (Hostmann, 1910) : in herb. Mus. Brit., Guiana (Sagot, 950). leaves are 5-10 in. long, 2-3 in. broad, on a petiole 5-8 lines long, and with about 12- M. pairs of nerves; the pedicels are 3-14 in. long, with 2 bracteoles 2 lines long near he middle 1 the flower-buds, Fin. in diameter, are snow-white and tomentose ; the flown e panded is 2-2} in. across; the sepals 3 lines long, 23 lines broad ; the petals 10-14 lines | - A species confined to the region of Guiana, forming a tree 30 feet high, growing in moist à places, with a trunk 1 foot in diam., having a yellowish hard wood with a fetid smell:its | E ET | SSS UT ENORMES S. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. 187 long, 5-7 lines broad; the cup of the androphorum is 8-10 lines broad, the slender appendages 6 lines long, 3 line broad; the pyxidium in an immature state is 92 in. in diameter. This species, as elsewhere stated, was wrongly confounded by Dr. Berg with G. fastuosa, Willd.; but it is well distinguished from it by its congested terminal inflo- rescence, its larger flowers on pedicels 2-bracteolated at. base, its ovary with broader more undulated wings, terminating at their base in a mucronate tooth, and crowned with 5 long broad sepals carinated within, in its larger whiter petals, in its winged fruit double the size. 20. GusTAVIA BRASILIANA, DC. Prodr. iii. 290 (excl. var. B); Mart. Med. Bras. p. 72; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 7۰ c. p. 472, tab. 7. fig. 160 (excl. syn.); in Linn. xxvii. 446 : ramulis crassiusculis, fuscis, profunde sulcatis, rugulosis; foliis superioribus crebre congestis, inferioribus sparsis, ovato-ellipticis, imo sensim cuneatis, medio latioribus, apice in acumen breve obtusulum recurvulum subito constrictis, ad marginem eartilagineum subrevolutum repando-undulatis et obsolete serratis, rigide chartaceis, supra fusce et profunde viridibus, subopacis, costa prominula, striolata, nervis tenuibus, patente divaricatis, marginem versus arcuatis, paullo prominulis, subtus pallidioribus, hepatice rubescentibus vel rubro brunnescentibus, opacis, costa nervis venisque transversis reticulatis prominentibus, petiolo latiusculo, late marginato, fusco, limbo 12plo breviore: floribus terminalibus 5-6, subfasciculatis, magnis, odoriferis ; pedicellis subvalidis, acute angulatis, fuscis, pruinoso-tomentellis, medio 2-bracteolatis; calycis limbo in sepala 6 diviso, laciniis late triangularibus, acutis, coriaceis, granulatis, opace pulverulentis, fuscis, persistentibus ; petalis 6, magnis, obovato-oblongis, subconcavis, albis ; ovario infero, turbinato, alis 6 sepalis alternis angustis undulato-crispatis munito, fusco, granulatim strigoso, 6-loculari, pluri- : ovulato, vertice intra diseum latum valde elevatum margine intus acutum sub- concavo, opaco, sparse puberulo; stylo brevi, angulato, umboniformi; stigmate parvo, inflexim lobato : pyxidio subgloboso, anguste 6-alato, operculo concavo calyce coronato, flavo, abortu 2-5-loculari; seminibus in quoque loculo 4-6, subglo- bosis, pallide flavis, nitidis. In Brasilia, Rio Negro, prope Garupá (Martius): v. pl. s. (cum floribus) in herb. variis, San Carlos, Rio Uahaupes, Rio Negro (Spruce, 2514). A handsome spreading tree, 20—30 feet high, with leaves 4-9 in. long, 14-3 in. broad on a petiole 5-7 lines long, with 18-20 pairs of spreading nerves; the pedicels are 1-13 in. long, with 2 small bracts above the middle; flowers 7 in. across, white, odoriferous; ovary 6 lines in diam.; sepals 3 lines long and broad; androphorum 1 in. broad; pyxidium (according to Martius) 14 in. in diam., crowned by the persistent sepals 8 lines long. This species, which is confined to the region of the Rio Negro, approaches G. ptero- "pa, agreeing in its winged ovary and fruit crowned by 6 acute sepals; but it differs in its more approximated, much darker, broader, more rigid leaves, with more numerous and more patent nerves, with a broader and stouter petiole, and finally by its much larger flowers. Berg was certainly wrong in making it identical with the Janiparandiba 188 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. of Maregraaf and Piso. It differs from G. fastuosa in its terminal congested raceme, larger flowers, winged ovary and fruit, both crowned by 6 broadly triangular sepals, 21. Gustavia FAsTUOSA, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 847; DC. Prodr. iii. 290; Berg in parte (non Willd.) in Mart. Fl. Bras. l. c. p. 473: Pirigara hexapetala, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. 490, tab. 193: ramulis fuscis, striatis, cortice rimoso, lenticellato; foliis Sparsis, cuneato-ellipticis, imo sensim angustatis, supra medium latioribus, apice in acumen subbreve recurvulum acutissimum subito attenuatis, margine grossule dentatis, supra fusco-viridibus, vix nitidis, nervosis et reticulatis, petiolo subcrasso, semitereti, canaliculato, limbo 16plo breviore: floribus in axillis solitariis, mediocribus; pedi- cello longiusculo supra medium 2-bracteolato; calycis limbo longiusculo, in sepala 6 acute triangularia coriacea diviso; petalis 6 late ovatis, subunguiculatis, rotun- datis, albis, earnosulis; androphoro albo; ovario infero, turbinato, vix costato, 6-loculari: pyxidio parvo, calyce coronato, operculo concavo, abortu 4-5-loeulari, loculis l-spermis. In Guiana et Amazonas: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne in sylvis (Aublet); Cayenne (Van Rohr); Guiana (Martin): im herb. Hook. et alior., Santarem (Spruce, 827); Lago de Quiriquira (Spruce, 525); Santarem (Spruce, 1019). A tree 15 to 20 feet high, growing in moist woods, with a spreading head and a trunk 13 foot thick, with a hard yellowish fetid wood, and called Pirigaramépe by the natives; its leaves are 4-6 in. long, 13-24 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, with about 12 pairs of nerves; the pedicel is 1 in. long; the ovary is 3 lines long, not costate, as Berg affirms, crowned by a short ring formed by the united sepals, which are 3 lines long ; the petals are 6-10 lines long, 4-6 lines broad; the fruit is globular, greyish, smooth, 14 lines in diam., by abortion 4-5-locular, each cell containing a single oval seed 9 lines long, 4 lines broad, suspended by a thick fleshy funicle of equal length. This species was established by Willdenow upon the materials furnished by Aublet. Dr. Berg was quite unjustified in confounding it with another very distinct species, well figured and described by Poiteau (G. pterocarpa): its chief distinguishing features are its alternate flowers, their smaller size, the acutely 6-lobed limb of the calyx, the wings of the ovary vanishing at base, and its much smaller smooth greyish fruit, by abortion 4—5-locular, with monospermous cells. Berg’s diagnosis of the species is therefore rejected, and its characters are remodelled above, in unison with Aublet's materials. ۱ | 2. CovRouPITA. (Plate XXXIII. 5.) Couroupita, Aubl.: Pekea (in parte), Juss. Calyx adnatus, limbo 6-sepalus ; sepala subparva, subrotundata, convexa, crassiuscula, sestivatione sub- imbricata. Petala 6, rarius 7, majuscula, oblonga, valde concava, expansa, imbricata, unguibus _ discum androphorumque agglutinatis. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. Androphorum magni") petaloideum, ambitu valde gibbosum, imo cupulare, poculiforme, et in centro excisum, subtus ad ungues petalorum discumque agglutinatum, supra staminigerum, latere antico in ligulam marginibus subparallelis :equilatam et duplo longiorem expansum, hine carnosulum, et sensim incurvatum, deinde : in galeam concavam semiglobosam latiorem super stylum inflexam auctum, appendiculis nume- | EE i-i mn MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 189 ' rosissimis stäminigeris tereti-clavatis munitum, iis intra cupulam brevioribus, crebriter erectis, intra galeam longioribus, undique echinatim creberrimis et imbricatis. Stamina parva, apici appendicula- _ rum insita; filamenta tenuiter filiformia, brevia, erecta; anthere ovate, 2-lobe, lobis collateralibus, medio ad filamentum affixis, rima longitudinali extus dehiscentibus. Ovarium inferum, semi- globosum, 6-loculare; ovulis in quoque loculo plurimis, funiculis a placenta axillari bilamellatim prominente suspensis, anatropis, vertice intra discum annularem alte pulvinatum radiato-crenatum valde concavo; stylus subnullus; stigma in cavitate sessile, subglobosum, 6-8-sulcatum, apice 6-8-radiatum, radiis glutinosis. Pyzxidium majusculum, globosum, circa medium zona calycari sub- ‘lineari cinctum ; vitta interzonali fere semiglobosa; zona superiore valde minore, orbiculari, integra : operculum parvum, vix elevatum, subtus ad columellam conjunctum : pericarpium crassissimum, pon- derosum ; epicarpio subosseo, textura granoso, duro; mesocarpio submolli demum deliquescente et effugiente, hine vacuum reliquit (an semper ?) ; endocarpio crasso, osseo, primum 6-loculari, deinde dissepimentis columellaque in pulpam resolutis, pulpa firme carnosa, subglutinosa, 1-loculari, 30—40- spermo : semina ovata, funiculis totidem carnosis pubescentibus dimidio brevioribus suspensa; testa subcoriacea, velutino-pubescens, circa hilum magnum rimosa: integumentum internum membrana- ceum : embryo exalbuminosus, radicula equilonga, tereti, ad hilum superne spectante, cotyledonibus 2, modo hippocrepiformi adscendentibus, magnis, foliaceis, corrugato-plicatis. -^ نی ی AA‏ Arbores Americe tropice et Antillane sepe procerrime, trunco crasso, valde ramose : folia elliptico-oblonga, petiolata, nervis parallelis divergentibus : inflorescentia racemosa. 1. COUROUPITA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. 708, tab. 282; Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 152, tab. 7; DO. Prodr. iii. 294; Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. p. 475; in Linn. xxvii 461: Lecythis bracteata, Willd. Sp. ii. 1174: Pekea Couroupita, Juss.: ra- mulis crassiusculis, rugosis, cicatricibus foliorum post lapsum signatis, brunneis, cinereo-pruinosis, apice creberrime foliiferis: foliis elongato-oblongis, imo obtusi- uscule obtusis, apice sensim obtusis vel in acumen breve obtusum repente con- strietis, marginibus subintegris vel obsoletissime crenulatis, chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, subnitidis, nervis numerosis, tenuibus, parallele divergentibus, intra marginem arcuatim nexis, flavidulis, costaque tenui semiimmersis, subtus pallidioribus, subnitidis, vel subopacis, costa crassiore prominente, pruinosa, nervis tenuibus venisque transversim reticulatis prominentibus; petiolo tenui, subtereti, subpuberulo, marginibus tenuibus valde involutis, limbo 10plo breviore: racemis e trunco vel e ramis nudis ortis, folio fere «equilongis ; rachi valida, rectiuscula, alternatim nodosa : pedicellis persistentibus, imo bractea fere sequilonga acuta decidua munitis, apice bracteolis 2 minutis signatis : floribus majusculis, ad pedi- cellos articulatis, plerumque caducis, odoratis; sepalis 6, ovalibus, crassis, concavis, viridibus; petalis 6, quorum 4 majoribus, 2 minoribus, oblongis, concavis, roseis, unguibus pallidis earnosis; androphoro albo-roseo, appendiculis rufis; ovario infero, turbinato, 6-loculari, vertice intra discum elevatum subconvexo; stylo nullo; stigmate globoso, radiatim 6-suleato : fructu globoso, ut in charactere generico. In Guiana : v. s. specim. typic. (sine flore) in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet). This is a tree stated by Aublet to have a thick trunk, 20-30 feet high, often more than 2 feet in diameter. The leaves in the typical specimen are 6-12 in. long, 24-4 in. broad, on a petiole 7-10 lines long, with 22-24 pairs of nerves, all conjoined within the margin ; VOL. XXX. 2 0 190 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. the rachis of the raceme is 12 in. long, judging from Aublet’s figure of a diminished size, and bearing 10 or 12 alternate flowers. Poiteau relates that these racemes are often seen on the bare branches of preceding years, or upon the main trunk, often attaining a length of 3 feet, and bearing 100 flowers, each on a pedicel 13-2 in. long, with 1 bract at its base and 2 at its summit : from Aublet's drawing, allowing for the diminution of the figure (3), the pedicel would appear to be nearly 1 in. long, the flower expanded 4 in, across; the lobes of the calyx 3 lines long and broad; the petals, 12 in. long, are of a pale rose-colour; the pyxidium is globular, 6 in. in diam., the pericarp nearly + in. thick, the epicarp and endocarp hard and ligneous; the mesocarp subfleshy, which, becoming gelatinous, escapes and leaves a hollow in its place; the pericarp is filled with pulp enclosing numerous oval seeds, each suspended by a long fleshy funiele: the seeds constructed as shown in the introductory remarks, and as I have figured them. Poiteau's description of the fruit, derived from Tussac's details, refers to C. Antillana. 9. COUROUPITA SURINAMENSIS, Mart., Berg in Mart. El. Br. 7. c. p. 476, tab. 57, 58, 59; Linn. xxvii. 462: ramis transversim rimosis, glabris, junioribus compressis, badiis: foliis sparsis, oblongis, imo obtusis aut subacutis, apice sensim obtusate angustioribus, remote glanduloso-denticulatis, submembranaceis, nervis plurimis patule diver- gentibus vix prominentibus, transversim reticulatis, costa paullo prominente, subtus pallidioribus, costa nervisque prominentibus, puberulis, in axillis barbatis; petiolo canaliculato, pilosiusculo, limbo 5-6plo breviore: racemo terminali, folio sub- longiore; rachi validissima, angulata, puberula, multiflora ; pedicellis validis, lon- giuseulis, suberectis, apice bracteolis 2 parvis oppositis, et imo bractea oblonga obtusa ciliata puberula decidua munitis; floribus majusculis; sepalis 6, rotundato-ovatis, subinsequalibus, imo in eupulam brevissimam connatis; petalis ovali-orbicularibus, concavis, crassiusculis, albo-roseis ; androphoro albo ; antheris mucronulatis ; ovario semiinfero subhemispheerico, 5-7-loculari, ovulis numerosis, a placenta centrali funieulis tenuibus suspensis; stylo parvo, depresse orbiculari, vertice intra discum convexo; stigmate sessili, 8-radiato, papilloso: pyxidio speciei typicalis mole, peri- carpio serobiculato-verrueuloso; pulpa purpurea. In Guiana Batava, Surinam, prope Paramaribo (non vidi). , A very large tree; the axils of the leaves are 2-3 lines apart: the leaves are 3-6 in. long, 1-25 in. broad, on a petiole 8-12 lines long, with about 18-20 pairs of parallel nerves: the rachis of the raceme is 6-12 in. long; pedicles 3-2 in. apart, 8-12 lines long; its basal bracts are 4 lines long, its upper bracts 2 lines long. The flower expanded is 33—4 in. in diam.; the larger petal 24 in. long, 13 in. broad, the smaller ones 14 in. long, 1 in. broad; the androphorum j in. in diam., and 14 in. long when extended; the calyx expanded is 9 lines in diam., its sepals 3 lines long, 2 lines broad: . It appears to me there must be a mistake in Berg’s drawing of the ovary in his plate 51 (lower flower), where it is represented as being quite superior and globose ; and this B — repeated in plate 58, in its longitudinal section (third line, last figure). In all the — species I have seen, the ovary is more than semiinferior, with a convex vertex ; and that MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 191 this ought to be the case here is proved by his drawing of the fruit, where the line of the calycary zone is shown somewhat above the middle. 3. COUROUPITA NICARAGUENSIS, DC. Prodr. iii. 294; (Erst. Myrt. p. 16; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 462: Lecythis Nicaraguaensis, Mog. & Sess. Fl. Mex. Icon. ined. Species vix nota: foliis obtusis; calycis margine lobato; petalis obtusis. In America centrali prope Nicaragua: non vidi. This scarcely known species is said to differ from C. Guianensis in its obtuse leaves, smaller flowers, of a reddish white colour, and the blue tint of the pulp of the fruit. Perhaps it scarcely differs from the C. odoratissima of Seemann, which may be said to grow in the southern limit of the same region. 4. COUROUPITA ANTILLANA, nob.: Couroupita Guianensis, Hook. (non Aubl.) Bot. Mag. lix. tab. 8158 ; Tuss. Ant. ii. tab. 10 et 11 ; Descot. Ant. v. 349 ; Crüger, Linn. xxi. 737: ramulis patentibus, subvalidis, teretibus, sulcatis, glabris, levibus, rufescentibus ; foliis in apice ramulorum congestis, elongato-oblongis, sub medium valde angustatis et cuneatim acutis, apice subobtusato-acutis, aut breviter acuminatis, integris, vel obso- lete serratis, submembranaceis, supra pallide viridibus, nervis subpatule divaricatis et suberebre parallelis prominulis, costa tenui, vix prominula, subtus pallidioribus, costa nervisque tenuissimis paullo prominulis et obsolete puberulis; petiolo tenuissimo, puberulo, limbo 10plo breviore: racemis in trunco et ramis annosis longis, multi- floris; pedicellis subproximis, longis, subtenuibus, erectiusculis, persistentibus, imo bractea oblonga et apice bracteolis 2 parvis munitis ; floribus maximis, cum pedicellis articulatis, et hine sepe caducis; sepalis ovatis, subacutis, erectis, margine cilio- latis, estivatione quincuncialiter imbricatis; petalis 6, rarius 7, magnis, 2 exte- rioribus amplioribus, obovatis, expansis, extus flavide roseis, intus sanguineo-lila- cinis; androphori basi late orbiculari galeaque lata incurva appendiculis multi- seriatis staminigeris, in illa clavatis, in hac longioribus teretibus, rubris intus tectis, ligula lata nuda; ovario infero, vertice intra diseum annularem alte convexo; stig- mate fere sessili, 6-radiato: pyxidio globoso, 8-pollicari. In Antilles: v. s. in hb. Hook., San Vincente ( Guilding) ; Trinidad (Lockhart). A tree 50-60 feet high, with a trunk more than 2 feet thick, and a soft wood; leaves 73-10 in. long, 22-3 in. broad, on a rather slender downy petiole 2 in. long, with about 24 pairs of nerves: the racemes, growing upon the trunk and old bare branches, are 1-3 feet long, with sometimes as many as 100 flowers of a somewhat crimson colour, each 5 in. broad when expanded; the peduncle of the raceme is straight, about 3 lines thick, elosely beset with the suberect pedicels, which are persistent, about 1} in. long, with a larger bract at base and 2 small oblong bracteoles at the summit, where the caducous flowers are articulated; hence the trunk and main branches have the appear- ance of being armed with numerous spiny shoots ; the turbinated adnate calyx is crowned by 6 rounded sepals, 3 lines long and broad; petals roundish, concave, fleshy, unequal, imbricated and expanded, yellowish outside with a tinge of red, crimson-lilac within, 1}-2 in. long, 14-2 in. broad; androphorum large, 2 in. in diam., its basal ring 1} in. 2c2 192 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE ۰ across, closely beset with numerous short fusiform staminiferous appendages ; anthers small, oval, yellow; ligula 1} in. long and broad; appendages of hood reddish, 6 lines long; the inferior ovary is 6-celled, surmounted by a prominent epigynous disk, on — which the base of the androphorum and claws of the petals are agglutinated ; within its concavity the vertex of the ovary rises in a cupola-form, with an almost obsolete style terminated by a 6-rayed stigma. The pyxidium, from an outline sketch round Mr. Guilding's drawing, would seem to be 8 in. in diameter. "The species differs from C. Guianensis in being a tree of much greater height, in its more cuneated leaves, more acute at the apex, in its much longer racemes, with more numerous flowers much greater in size and differently coloured, and much larger fruit. 5. COUROUPITA PERUVIANA, nob.: ramulis teretibus, validiusculis, fusco-rufescentibus, luride opacis, suleato-angulatis, apice crebre foliiferis ; foliis oblongis, a medio deorsum sensim angustioribus, imo obtusis, et hinc in petiolo breviter decur- rentibus, apice obtusis, breviter obtuse aut acutiuscule acuminatis, margine obso- letissime serrulatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra viridibus, nervis plurimis, rectiusculis, parallele divaricatis, subimmersis, venis tenuissimis, reticulatis, subtus pallidius viridibus, opacis, costa striata prominente, nervis imo barbatis venisque crebre reticulatis prominentibus; petiolo supra sulcato, subruguloso, parce puberulo, limbo quadruplo breviore: racemis axillaribus ; rachi longissima, crassissima, simpliei vel in. ramos 3-5 alternos interdum divisa, angulato-suleata, ochraceo-pruinosa, verru- culosa, multiflora; pedicellis longiusculis (rarius bifurcatis et 2-floris), subvalidis, rectis, subadscendentibus, firme persistentibus, imo bractea parva ciliata et apice bracteis 2 calycem involucrantibus munitis; floribus cum istis articulatis, plerum- que caducis, majusculis, odoratissimis; sepalis suborbicularibus, valde .convexis, extus granulato-rugulosis, puberulis, margine anguste membranaceis et ciliatis; petalis majusculis, late oblongis, concavis, imo breviter unguieulatis, carnosulis, extus pallide carneis, intus rubris vel lateritiis, siccitate flavide punctulatis, extus granoso-rugulosis; androphoro albo, ligula rubra; ovario turbinato, 6-suleato, sub- infero, flavide pulverulento, 6-loculari, ovulis plurimis axi affixis, vertice intra discum alte pulvinatim. annularem convexo, et stylo brevi obtuso umbonato; stig- mate majusculo, depresse orbiculari, 6-lobato, lobis suleatis : pyxidio majusculo, fere globoso, imo angustato, apice subdepresso, paullo supra medium zona calycari sub- . lineari cincto, 6-loculari. In Peruvia alta: v.s. in hd. variis; Tarapota, in sylvis secus rivulos (Spruce, 4495). ۱ _ A very large tree about 100 feet high, with a softish wood, known by the name of Aiaúma (caput mortui), probably from its large round fetid fruit. The axils at the ends E of its pendent branchlets are close, about 4 line apart ; the leaves are 4-54 in. long, 1 1i-2 in. broad, on a petiole $-1 in. long, with 18-20 pairs of straight parallel nerves: — the rachis of the inflorescence is 2-3 lines thick, 8-9 in. long, with axils 3 lines apart; the nearly erect. persistent pedicels are 9-12 lines long and 1-14 line thick; the oval braets at the apex of each pedicel are 2 lines long and broad, concealing the ovary which is articulated upon the pedicel; the sepals are 1} line long and broad; the fleshy ET eee ER A DE s7 .MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 193 petals are 18 lines long, 13 lines broad, flesh-coloured outside, brick-red within; the androphorum is 4 lines in diam., white, with a reddish ligula. "The pyxidium, according to Spruce's notes, is almost globular, 7-75 in. in diam., somewhat narrower towards the base, rather depressed above, with a linear zone a little above the middle, showing there the vestiges of the sepals ; the upper zone and operculum are small; the pericarp is 3 in. thick, the epicarp and endocarp hard and osseous, the latter subtomentous inside ; the fleshy mesocarp, becoming fluid, escapes, and leaves the space it occupied quite empty; the ۵ fleshy dissepiments, at first firm and distinct, are soon resolved into a mueilaginous pulp, whieh envelops many smallish seeds arranged in 2 series: this pulp on exposure to the air becomes black and fetid. It is used by the natives to cure skin-diseases in animals. This species in many respects approaches C. Surinamensis, especially in the hairy tufts in the axils of the nerves; but it differs in its larger leaves upon longer petioles, more numerous nerves, in the more slender persistent pedicels of the inflorescence (not artieulated at the base), in its smaller flowers, in its much larger fruit not quite spherical. + - - | | 6. COUROUPITA ODORATISSIMA, Seem. in Hook. Kew Journ. iii. 301; Bot. Her. p. 126: ramis divergentibus; ramulis validiusculis, teretibus, pallide opacis, striatis, len- ticellis flavidis odoriferis crebre verruculosis : foliis oblongis, imo sensim cuneatis, apice in acumen breve repente constrietis, integerrimis, vel obsolete sinuatis et minute denticulatis, margine ciliatis, tenuiter membranaceis vel subchartaceis, supra viridibus, vix nitidis, sparse pilosulis, nervis tenuibus plurimis parallelis patentim divaricatis haud prominulis, venis transversim retieulatis, costa tenui, subimmersa, subtus concoloribus, sparse puberulis, in nervis costaque prominulis densius pilosulis ; petiolo crassiusculo, supra plano, subtus convexo, dense puberulo, limbo 15plo breviore; stipulis parvis, subcordatis, puberulis, caducissimis: racemis terminalibus, vel a trunco enatis, folium subsequantibus و‎ rachi valida, angulato- suleata, glanduloso-verruculosa, tomentosa, multiflora; floribus speciosis, odora- tissimis; pedicellis sublongiusculis, rufo-tomentellis, demum glabratis, suberectis, imo firmatis, apice cum floribus articulatis; sepalis obtusis, ciliatis; petalis oblongis, obtusis, margine fimbriatis, carneolis, luteo-striatis ; androphoro splendente aureo; ovario ut in spec. precedente; stigmate 6-radiato. In Veraguas: v. s. in hb. Hook., in sylvis Rio Jesus (Seemann, 1151). A lofty tree, 60-80 feet high, growing in the forest, the trunk bare to the height of 20 feet, and bearing many racemes, with handsome flowers as large as those of a passion- flower, from a resemblance to which it bears the vernacular name of Granadillo: it is also called Palo de paraiso. The axils of its branchlets are $ in. apart; the leaves are 6-73 in. long, 21-3 in. broad, on a stout petiole 5-6 lines long, and they have about 20 pairs of slender parallel nerves arcuately joined near the margin ; the rachis of the terminal raceme is 7 in. long, 2 lines thick; pedicels alternately 2-4 lines apart, 6 9 lines long, with flowers articulated on their summit, which are 11-2 in. broad when expanded; stamens very numerous, crowded upon both the annular ring and head of the 194 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. androphorum, with very short capillary filaments seated upon dark tetragonous appen. dages truncated at their summit ; anthers of 2 bright yellow oval lobes divaricated at their base; the fruit is unknown. The fragrance of the flowers can be perceived at a distance of half a mile. 7. CoUROUPITA MEMBRANACEA, nob.: ramulis teretibus, angulato-sulcatis, brunneis, glaberrimis, sublucentibus ; foliis elongato-oblongis, deorsum sensim angustioribus et imo cuneatim acutis, apice in acumen breve obtusulum subito constrictis, marginibus obsolete et remote crenatis, cum dente parvo glanduloso, valde mem- branaceis, utrinque lete concoloribus, glaberrimis, supra nervis tenuissimis paral- lele divaricato-adscendentibus venisque transversim reticulatis prominulis, subtus costa tenui nervisque sparsim pilosulis et in axillis subbarbatis; petiolo tenuissimo, imo crassiore, canaliculato, puberulo, limbo 8-9plo breviore: racemis ultrapeda- libus, a trunco enatis; rachi crassa, angulato-sulcata, pallide brunnea, puberula; pedicellis alternis, subremotis, imo firmatis, apice cum flore articulatis. In Nueva Granada: v.s. in hb. Hook., Santa Marta, in planitiis ad Molinas in valle Dupar (Purdie). | This species, though in many characters approaching the preceding, is yet very distinet in its deeply suleated glabrous branchlets, without the peculiar odoriferous glands that distinguish the Veraguas plant; it differs also in its longer racemes, much larger leaves, ‘upon much longer and more slender petioles: a similar membranaceous texture of the leaves occurs in both the preceding species. It is a tall tree, occurring in plains (not in the forests), and, as in some other species of the genus, with the inflorescence issuing from the main trunk or its bare branches. The axils of its branchlets are ¿4 in. apart; the leaves are 81-9 in. long, 22-31 in. broad, on a slender petiole 1 in. long: the rachis of the racemes is much above a foot in length, with pedicels 3 lines apart and 8 lines ۱ long; the petals are very thick and dark when dry, when fresh are succulent, and yield a blue juice when squeezed. 8. COUROUPITA LENTULA, nob.: ramulis ramosis tenuibus, fusco-brunneis, subcompressis, striolatis, sparse verruculosis; foliis ovatis, vel oblongo-ovatis, imo obtusis, vel rotundiuseulis, apice sensim acutis, aut subobtusis, crenato-serrulatis eum dentibus obtusis, membranaceis, friabilibus, supra viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuissimis venisque reticulatis immersis, subtus vix pallidioribus, fulvide opacis, costa nigra, tenu, prominula; petiolo tenui, limbo 15-18plo breviore: forma inflorescentis ignota; petalis oblongis, apice rotundatis, submembranaceis (an rubris ? siccis fuscis), na ginibus tenuissimis pallidis ; androphoro majusculo, ligula sensim ampliata, striata, galea intus concava, appendiculis numerosissimis crebris staminiferis donata. In Brasilia: v. s. in hb. Hook., Theos (Moricand, 2636, sub Couroupita). The leaves are 23-33 in. long, 14-13 in. broad, on a petiole 13-2 lines long: thers = no inflorescence on the specimen, only the petals and androphorum glued to the sheet; the latter has a broad oblique cup-shaped ring, widening considerably into a very ue ۲ naked ligula, continued into an inverted hood of equal length and breadth, which 5 — MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 195 covered inside all over, somewhat laxly, with longish adpressed staminiferous append- ages, the outer row fimbriating the margin: it is altogether, including the basal ring, 18 lines long, 6 lines broad, the hood being 7 lines long and broad; nearly the entire surface of the basal ring is crowded with short staminiferous appendages in many series. This structure is in confirmation of Moricand's determination that it is a species of Couroupita. | 9. COUROUPITA CRENULATA, nob.: ramulis rufo- vel cinereo-brunneis, opacis, rugulosis, obsolete striatis; foliis ovalibus, aut late ovatis, imo rotundatis, subito brevissime acutatis, et in petiolo decurrentibus, apice rotundatis, et in acumen recurvatum brevissimum canaliculatis, in marginibus cartilagineis vix revolutis irregulariter crenatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, nervis tenuissimis subpatentibus vix prominulis, valde reticulatis, costa tenui, circa basin dilatata et plana, subtus fere concoloribus aut brunnescenti-viridibus, opacis, costa nervis venisque prominulis; petiolo supra plano, late marginato, margine involuto, limbo 8plo breviore : racemo terminali, folio longiore; rachi flexuosa, subcompressa, striolata; pedicellis paten- tibus, calyce brevioribus, fuscis, rugulosis; sepalis subrotundatis, rotatis, fuscis, granoso-rugosis; petalis suborbicularibus, insequalibus, concavis, margine ciliatis ; ovario infero, turbinato, subangulato, granoso, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo plurimis, e placenta axillari prominente, funiculis centrifuge radiantibus, vertice intra discum latiusculum paullo prominente, subconcavo, nitido, radiatim striato, margine crenato; stylo centrali, brevi, depresse globoso, 4-suleato; stigmate sessili, hoe minore, depresse globoso, obsolete 4-lobo, lobis styli suleis oppositis. In Brasilia : v. pl. sicc. in hb. Mus. Brit., Bahia (Blanchet, 302), cum specimine ligni: i» Ab. Hook., Ilheos (Moricand, 2417). The sample of wood sent by Blanchet is about 3 inches in diameter; it may be part of the main stem, but more probably of one of its branches: the leaves are 3-4} in. long, 2-2? in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, with about 18 pairs of nerves arcuately con- joined far within the margin; the rachis is 5-6 in. long, bearing about 15 flowers, 1-2 in. apart. 3. BERTHOLLETIA. (Plate XXXIII. c.) The general features of this genus having been so amply demonstrated in the preli- minary remarks (ante, p. 161 et seq.), no further observations are here necessary. Only a single species has been hitherto recorded; but I think two or more may easily be recog- nized in our herbaria. Bertholletia, H. & Bonpl. Calyx adnatus, limbo libero, breviter tubulato et poculiformi, 2-lobato, lobis tubo duplo longioribus, oblongis, rotundatis, valde concavis, patentibus, coriaceis, apice undulato-crenatis, vel obtuse 3-den- tatis, demum circumscissis. Petala 6, oblonga, triplo longiora, inzequalia, nonnulla sepe fissa et plura simulantia, imbricata, unguibus inter discum et androphorum agglutinata. Discus epigynus, 196 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. annularis, subplanus. Androphorum magnum, petaloideum, ejus Couroupite forma, imo cupu- latum, margine crenatum, centro excisum, intus appendicibus numerosissimis creberrime ereetis brevibus clavatis apice staminigeris munitum, ligula paullo longiore et sensim latiore, nuda, incurva, galea gradatim reversa, semiglobosa, intus concava et appendiculis longiusculis lineari-subulatis sterilibus densissime echinata ; stamina parva, in appendices basales solum insita; filamenta bre- vissima, filiformia; anthere parve, ovatz, 2-lob:, lobis collateraliter adnatis, in sinu imo aflixis, rima marginali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium inferum, semiglobosum, 4-suleatum, 4- (ra: rius 5-)loculare, ovulis in quoque loculo 5, sessilibus, e basi radiatim erectis, vertice intra discum planum subconcavo ; stylo tereti, leviter incurvo; stigmate minute globoso, papilloso. Pyzidium majusculum, globosum, longe vel paullo supra medium zona calycari lineari cinctum; vitta interzo- nali valde convexa ; zona superiore minima, circulari, fauce intus declivi, vel acuta et subtus concava ; operculo parvo, aut alte mammeformi, levi, vel depresse pulvinato radiatim striato, et breviter umbo. nato, ore secedente intus retracto, subtus ad -columellam agglutinato; columella cylindrica, 4-suleata, apice attenuata, mox ad basin descendens, imum versus latior et seminifera; peri- carpio crasso, ponderoso, epicarpio grosse corticoso, rimoso, sspe resiliente; endocarpio cras- siusculo, osseo, durissimo, extus leviter scrobiculato et pluricostato, intus plerumque 4-loculari, epulposo, dissepimentis columellaque siccatione demum evanidis. Semina in quoque loculo con- stanter 5, vel 8 triseriata, sine funiculo ad basin columelle erectim affixa, oblonga, pressione acute triquetra corrugulatim rugosa, hilo versus angulum basalem signata; testa crasse coriacea, duris- sima, indehiscente, cum canalibus 3 intra angulos pertusa, his vestigiis vasorum spiralium ab hilo ad apicem adscendentium repletis, quee mox in telam araneam per testam undique subdivise raphen valde sparsam constituunt : integumentum internum submembranaceum, brunneum, opacum, nucleo arcte adherens. Embryo exalbuminosus, oblongus, utrinque obtusus, amygdalino-homogeneus, edulis; re vera radicula gigantea est, cujus neorhiza crassa, interna, ab exorhiza externa undique cincta, atque insuper ad extremitatem ab hilo remotiorem cotyledones 2 minutissime vix visibiles eum plumula lata in eis abscondita: in germinatione, plumula per cotyledones protrusa, caulem squa- mosum propullat; quandoque neorhiza, ex extremitate opposita expulsa, radicem efficit. . Arbores Americe tropice, gigantee, trunco nudo, altissimo, crassissimo, superne valde ramoso : folia alterna, majuscula, ad. apicem ramorum approximata, oblonga, utrinque subacuta, cum petiolo plus minusve elongato: racemi sepe paniculati, axillares et terminales, multiflori; rachi crassa, geniculatim nodosa; flores fere sessiles, imo bracteis 3 deciduis donati, petalis cum androphoro simul caducis. 1. BERTHOLLETIA EXCELSA, Bonpland, Pl. Aquin. i. 122, tab. 36; Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 148, tab. 4 (nec 8); DC. Prodr. iii. 293; Mart. Reise, 1130, pl. 11; Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. p. 478; Linn. xxvii. 460 : procera, ramis deflexis, ramulis teretibus, subangulatis, interrupte striolatis, fusco-brunneis, opace pruinosis, lenticellato-verru- culosis; foliis oblongis, vel elongato-oblongis, imo subrotundatis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice rotundatis, et in acumen breve acutum canaliculatim re- flexum subito constrictis, subintegris, vel marginibus crenulato-undulatis, obsoletis- sime serratis, chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, subopacis, minutissime granulatis, nervis tenuissimis, divaricatis, longe intra marginem arcuatim nexis, vix prominulis, venis immersis et laxe reticulatis, costa tenui, mox sensim latiore, et late canalicu- lata, pruinosa, subtus pallidioribus, fusco-umbrinis, pulverulento-opacis, nervis per minulis, costa crassiore, prominente, striolata; petiolo elongato, semitereti, margini- bus latis valde introflexis, brunneo-pulverulento, corruguloso, limbo 6-10plo bre- . viore: panicula racemiformi, terminali, folio æquilonga, cum ramo solitario elon- MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 197 gato erecto, vel racemo simplici axillari; rachi crassa, angulata, geniculata, nodis alternis prominulis et approximatis, circa 50-flora ; floribus sessilibus, cum nodis articulatis, bracteis 2 obtuse ovatis stipatis; calycis limbo breviter cupulato, pro- funde fisso in sepala 2 ovata, apice obtuse 3-dentata, valde concava, patentia, coriacea, tomento brunneo opace pruinosa; petalis 6, ovato-oblongis, obtusis, con- cavis, ochroleucis ; ovario infero, semigloboso, 4-loculari, ovulis triseriatim erectis, sessilibus, vertice intra discum subplano, radiatim striato; stylo subulato, sub- eurvato, sepalis dimidio breviore; stigmate minimo, papilloso-lobato: pyxidio majusculo, oblongo-ovali, cortice levi, pallido, suberasso, vix rimoso, paullo supra medium zona calycari lineata circulari notato; vitta interzonali convexa; zona superiore minima, fauce obtusa, superne concava; operculo alte mammeformi, a columella cylindrica mox soluto et caduco; endocarpio crassissimo, pallide lignoso, 4-loeulari, vel e septis evanidis tandem 1-loculari, 40—60-spermo, seminibus imbri- cato-erectis. In America tropicali, Rio Orinoco (Bonpland) et in Guiana: v. s. plant. in herb. variis, Guiana (Schomb. 439); in herb. Hook., Para (Riedel, 611); regione Amazonica (Burchell, 9473-9879): v. fruct. in Mus. Kew., in Trinidade introd. (Purdie). A magnificent tree, above 100 feet high, with a trunk 24 feet thick ; the axils of the terminal branchlets are $ in. apart; the leaves are 8-24 in. long, 34-6 in. broad, on a petiole 9-18 lines long, and with about 25 pairs of nerves, with others intermediate and shorter. The terminal panicle is 8 in. long, with a single branch nearly equal in length, with a rachis 2 lines thick when dried, its zigzag turns (with prominent nodes) 2 lines apart; the oval bracts very small; the lobes of the calyx 7 lines long, 5 lines broad; the petals 15 lines long, 8 lines broad; the androphorum 1 in. in diam.; the pyxidium (Plate XXXVII. figs. 1-4) 6 in. long, 5 in. in diam., with a smooth palish lenticellated bark, which does not crack and fall off; the calycary zone, 2 in. below the apex, is 3 in. in diam. ; the opereular zone, 8 lines in diam., is contracted within into a depressed concave mouth, 6 lines in diam. ; the operculum is cylindrical, 5 lines broad, 5 lines high, round and umbilicated at the summit; as the attached columella withers, it breaks away and falls off, as Bonpland has well shown both in his upper and lower figure; and this offers a marked distinction between this and the following species. Poiteau wrongly inferred two errors in Bonpland's drawings—one that in the lower figure the fruit is inverted, the other that the columella and mode of attachment of seeds are reversed: but this is not so; for Bonpland's drawing is quite correct. The pericarp is very thick, is originally 4-celled, with from 6 to 10 seeds in each cell, which can only escape after the decay of the shell. 2. BERTHOLLETIA NOBILIS, nob.: Bertholletia excelsa, Berg (non Bonpl.), in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 478, tab. 60-61 quoad inflorescentiam et fructus; Poiteau (in parte) Mém. Mus. xiii. tab. 8 (nec 4); Hook. Kew Journ. ii. 74: procerrima, trunco crasso, ad alt. 100 ped. nudo, superne ramosissimo, ramis deflexis, ramulis validis, teretibus, fusco-brunneis, glauco-pruinosis ; foliis oblongis, imo obtusatis et in petiolum subito VOL. xxx. 9D 198 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. acutatis, apice rotundatis, et in acumen breve acutum repente constrictis, margi- nibus grossule et crenulato-serratis, supra sublucentibus, vix opacis, rufescenti. viridibus, subcoriaceis, nervis pruinosis patentibus arcuatim nexis, venis creberrime reticulatis, costa. striolata, immersa, subtus pallide vel ochraceo-brunneis, subniten- tibus, costa striolata nervisque prominentibus ; petiolo valido, supra plano et margi- nato, subtus convexo, limbo 24plo breviore : panieula terminali, laxe ramosa, folio subequilonga, ramisque vix crassis, longiusculis, patentissimis و‎ rachi crebriflora, angulato-striata, rugulosa, prominenter nodosa ; floribus sessilibus, cum nodis articu- latis ; calyce primum globoso, demum in lobos 2 diviso, lobis hemispheericis concavis, erassiusculis, patentibus, apice obsolete crenulatis, extus pruinosis ; ovario infero, turbinato, 4-loculari, vertice intra discum parvo, radiatim striato ; stylo subbreyi, subinflexo. In regione Amazonica et Guiana : v. s. in herb. Hook., Para (Martius) ; in Amazonas, sine loco (Burchell, 9226, 9314, 9879 in parte): v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce); in Mus. Brit. (sine loco). This species differs from the former in its loftier growth, its immense trunk bare to a great height, stouter branches, leaves of a more rufescent hue, with more numerous closer nerves, more reticulated, on much shorter petioles, in its broader panicle with several long branches spreading horizontally, in the rounder and more entire calycine lobes. It forms a tree above 120 feet high, with a trunk 14 feet in diam. up to a height of 50 feet, and quite bare to the height of 100 feet; its leaves are 10-15 in. long, 32-4$ in. broad, on a petiole 3 to 6 lines long; the panicle is about 10 in. long, with about 5 horizontal branches 3-5 in. long; the floriferous nodes are 1—2 in. apart. The fruit (Plate XXXVIL figs. 4-7) is globular, 4-43 in. in diam., with a much thicker, rougher, darker, and more cracking resilient bark 3 lines thick; the endocarp is 4 lines thick, subosseous; the inconspicuous calycary zone is 9-12 lines below the summit; the upper zone, 6 lines in diam., has a sharp edge, concave and widening inwards ; the operculum, of the same diameter, rises little above the mouth, is pulvinately depressed, radiately sulcated, shortly umbonate at the apex, persistently attached to the columella, which is at first slender, 4-angular, gradually swelling to the base into a club-shaped placenta, upon which the erect crowded seeds are affixed by a nearly basal ventral hilum ; as this colu- mella shrivels in drying, it draws along with it the operculum into the cavity of the cell; the cavity of the shell, originally 4-celled, becomes unilocular by the withering of the slender dissepiments, and contains 20 sharply triquetral seeds, which are closely com- pacted, entirely filling the cavity, without the trace of any pulp. These seeds are known in commerce as Brazil nuts; the amount exported from Para alone in six months of the year 1863 was 18,862 alquieres ; and from Manáos, on the Bio Negro, 9976 alquieres. Taking this to be the average export for 1 year, the yield 3 amounts to about 24 millions of the fruits, or 50 millions of seeds, occupying ue 4 bulk of 60,000 bushels: this does not include the several other large quantities exported E from the Rio Orinoco, Demerara, Cayenne, Maranhao, and other places. These seeds, 18 Brazil, may be valued at about 30 shillings per bushel. The hard fruits which fall to thè ground are broken in the forests by Indians, where a man and a boy will break about E MR. J. MIERS ON TEE LECYTHIDACEZX. 199 300 of them daily, yielding them about 2 alquieres of the nuts. The kernels of these nuts, broken in a similar manner, are subjected to pressure, when they yield an oil greatly esteemed for domestic purposes and for export, each pound of the kernels fur- nishing 9 ounces of oil, valued at 2 shillings per pound. This oil, according to Martius, consists, per cent., of 74 parts of eleine, and 26 of stearine. The finely laminated inner bark of the trunks is also a valuable article of commerce, especially adapted for the caulking of ships and barges, being worth about 18 shillings per ewt. The question here naturally arises, how do the seeds germinate and strike root, con- fined as they are in an inextricable prison? For it is manifest they cannot find an exit through the opercular opening, and they cannot escape by any other means than by the rotting of the thick pericarp on moist ground ; and it would probably require three years’ exposure to the sun and moisture before so thick a shell could decay sufficiently to allow of the liberation of the seeds, and then perhaps another year's exposure before the thick testa of the seeds could rot sufficiently to allow the embryo to germinate. This shows an extraordinary power of vitality in the embryo, which would seem to remain four or five years in a dormant state. Oily seeds are generally supposed to ferment and decay soon ; but that perhaps is where the oil-cells are contained in albumen; here, however, we find a reverse condition. I have been told that when the embryo of Bertholletia has been extrieated, and planted under the most favourable circumstances, it takes a whole year before it begins to germinate. Is this inertness due to the large amount of stearine in the oil-cells, which preserves it from decay ? 4. Lecytuis. (Plate XXXIV. A.) The many points of structure hitherto unknown to botanists, among the several plants referred to Lecythis, render it necessary to define the genus anew, and to separate from it all those species where, in the ovary, the ovules are erect, unsupported by funicles, and where in the fruit the operculum is not attached to a central eolumella, where the seeds are bitter (not edible), are not suspended in pulp by a large fleshy funicle or strophiole, but are always dry, erect, and attached to the base of the fruit by a large hilum. The species so distinguished from Lecythis proper are here deseribed under the distinct genera Chytroma, Eschweilera, and Jugastrum. The androphorum in Lecythis is similar in structure to that of Bertholletia ; that is to say, the imbricated appendages within the hood are always bare of stamens, terminating in flexible points, all centring around the style, where they form a kind of brush, the probable function of which is to collect and distribute the pollen derived from the fertile stamens placed over the epigy- nous disk, We find in Chytroma and Eschweilera an androphorum constructed as in Bertholletia; but not so in Jugastrum, where the appendages within the head bear fertile stamens, as in Couroupita and sometimes in Lecythis. These conditions form differential features by which Lecythis may at all times be easily distinguished from other genera of the family: its diagnosis may now be summed up in the following manner :— 2D2 200 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE. LECYTHIS, Loefl., Linn. Calyz adnatus, limbo libero in sepala 6-7 brevibus diviso. Petala 6-7, multo majora, sepius inequalia, oblonga, subreflexa, unguibus intra discum et androphorum semel agglutinata et cum androphoro caduca. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. Androphorum magnum, petaloideum, ei Bertholletie simile, imum annulare disco agglutinatum, intus appendiculis brevibus erectis staminiferis creberrimis munitum ; ligula nuda, carnosa; galea subito inversa, extus depresse convexa, intus appendiculis longioribus teretibus dense echinata, his plerumque staminiferis, supremis longioribus et sterilibus ; stamina iis Bertholletie similia. Ovarium inferum, semiglobusum, vel turbinatum, vertice intra discum planum convexo, 4- raro 5-loculare ; ovula in quoque loculo plurima, a placentis crassis cen- tralibus funiculo distincto pluriseriatim suspensa, anatropa: stylus longiusculus, teres, subincurvus ; stigma minimum, subglobosum, papillosum. Pyxidium sepius maximum, ovale, turbinatum, vel globosum, ad varias altitudines zona calycari e sepalis incrassatis plus minusve tumidis cinctum ; vitta interzonali modo vario elevata; zona superiore orbiculari, et hinc dehiscente ; operculum majusculum, subcirculare, crassissimum, ligneum, vel fibroso-coriaceum, supra convexum, seepe umbonatum, subtus ad columellam longe descendentem 4-angulatam arcte agglutinatum, et simul deciduum : pericarpium crassum, ligneum, durum, 4- vel incomplete 5-loculare: semina in quoque loculo 4-6, oblonga, utrinque obtusa, tusca, longitudinaliter costato-sulcata, ab hilo subsupero funiculo (seu strophiola) albo carnoso fere :wquimagno suspensa; testa crassa, dura, sublignosa, et raphes ramis intra costas sepultis munita; infegumentum internum tenuiter membranaceum, chalaza infera ssepe signatum : embryo exalbuminosus, edulis, albus, amygdalinus, utrinque obtusus, homogeneus, seu re vera radi- cula gigantea, cujus exorhiza externa neorhizam internam distincte et undique cingit, cofyledonibus 4, minutissimis, decussatim imbricatis, valde depressis, vix distinctis, ab hilo remotis, cum plumula obtusa sub iis abscondita, ita ut in germinatione plumula per cotyledones propulsa nove plante cau- liculum squamigerum gignat, et neorhize incremento radicella, e mamilla hilo proxima, erumpat. Arbores Americe tropice et Antillane sepius mazime, trunco crasso, dure ligneo, cortice coriaceo, libero, e laminis numerosissimis solubilibus confecto, ramose : folia elliptica, vel oblonga, raro cordata, sepius glabra, integra vel serrata, petiolata ; panieule aut racemi axillares et terminales, pluriflori: flores pedicellati, albi, rosei, aut lutei. 1. Lecyrats OLLARIA, Loefl. Itin. p. 159; Linn. Sp. p. 734; DC. Prodr. iii. 291 (excl. syn.); Berg in Mart. Flor. Bras. l c. p. 615; in Linn. xxvii. 449: arbor vasta; ramulis verrueulosis; foliis ovatis, imo cordatis, apice obtusis, subserratis, firme chartaceis, subundulatis, supra fusco-viridibus, petiolo subnullo : racemo terminali, spicato, rachi angulata; pedicellis e nodis alternis, horizontalibus, bractea ovata decidua munitis; floribus nutantibus ; sepalis 6, oblongis, insequalibus, exterioribus rotundioribus, concavis, persistentibus ; petalis 6, multo majoribus, patulis, sub- insequalibus, oblongis, vel subrotundatis, concavis, marginibus oblique reflexis, albis; androphoro luteo: ovario infero, 4-loculari, vertice depresso; stylo sub- brevi; stigmate obtuso : pyxidio magno, imo subrotundo, supra medium zona caly- cari subannulari obtuse 6-lobata cincto; zona superiore integra; pericarpio lignoso. ioci, ad Barcelona (Zefling) ; in Cumaná? Humboldt (sec. cl. Berg): no? i. We know nothing more of this species, that can be depended upon, beyond the above details, quoted from Leefling; the few additional characters offered by Berg are here ; MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 201 omitted, because he obtained them from a specimen collected by Humboldt in Cumaná, now in the Berlin herbarium, and which has no flower; it is certainly doubtful whether that specimen is identical with Leefling’s plant, because the characters assigned to it by Berg apply equally to his Lecythis cordata, from Barcelona, which, in like manner, has sessile cordate leaves of similar shape. Indeed this latter plant might have been con- sidered identical with .L. ollaria, were it not for the structure of the ovary, which is said by Berg to be 2-locular, with a shortish style, and which, therefore, must be referred to the genus Eschweilera. We know of another Venezuelan species with cordate leaves (from Tovar), L. tenaz, Berg, which, for a similar reason, is also an Zschweilera, as I have verified. Linnseus never saw the plant; nor does it appear that any botanist since the time of Lefling (1758) has met with it, if we except the doubtful instance of Humboldt. 2. LECYTHIS AMPULLARIA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio maximo, vasiformi, oblongo- ovato, medio sensim ventricoso, et 12-sulcato, zona calycari paullo supra medium lineari cincto; vitta interzonali conica, diametri dimidia parte alta, incurvata, infra summum subito expansa, labium prominens simulante; zona superiore cir- culari, integra, fauce intus in labrum latissimum nitens producto; operculo ignoto; periearpio crasso, leviter lignoso; seminibus magnis, elongato-oblongis, utrinque obtusis, pallide brunneis, cum costis prominentibus circa 7, intervallis angulatis et transversim corrugulatis. In Nova Granada: v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew., Nova Granada (Triana) ; Antioquia (Jarvis). Whether these fruits belong to L. integrifolia, R. & P., or some other species from the same locality, we have no evidence to determine. The two specimens in the Kew Museum have evidently been used as water-bottles, their bottoms being truncately cut to enable them to stand upright. Their thin bark has been smoothed off, leaving a fibrous surface, with twelve longitudinal furrows, which cease at a transverse line which I take to be the calycary zone. The larger specimen (Plate XX XVIII.) is 84 in. long, 64 in. broad at the ventricose middle, 54 in. at the calycary zone, which is 23 in. below the upper zone; the Interzonary band is contracted below the lip-shaped mouth to a diameter of 4 inches ; the upper zone is 5 in. in diam., with a rather obtuse margin; and this inclines inward t form the lip, which has an enamelled surface 12 in. broad, where it narrows gradually Into a contracted mouth 3 in. in diam.; the pericarp is 3 in. thick at the interzonal 5 Ea the middle, and much thicker at the base; the inner space is 72 in. deep, renim the middle; the seeds are 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, rather narrower at ^ Antioquia, is im rms extremity with a lateral hilum. The smaller cr Pd Kuchen ni y half the size of the above, and is probably only half-grown ; 115 surtac Ped off in a similar manner. ! 3. Lecyry io US AMAZONUM, Mart., Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l.c. p. 484, tab. 66, 67: planta "gnota : pyxidio maximo, late oviformi, imo hemispheerice rotundato, longe supra “ona calycari obsolete 6-lobata vix prominente cincto; vitta interzonali 202 ^ MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. convexiuseula, conice inclinata, diametri circa quintam partem alta; zona superiore quam inferiore multo angustiore, integra, circulari; operculo vittz altitudine, spheerice convexo, solido, subtus columella intra faucem valde incrassata hine obco- niea, profunde 4-suleata et longe descendente aucto; pericarpio crassissimo, sub- spongiose lignoso, subleviter opaco, vel granulis parvis elevatis subirrorato, obsolete 4-loculari. In Brasilia, prov. Pará (Martius) : non vidi | This species, seen by Von Martius, was a tree too lofty to obtain a specimen of its leaves or inflorescence. The pyxidium is 9 in. long, 74 in. broad in the middle; the calycary zone is 6} in. above the base, 6 in. in diam. ; the interzonary band is 1 in. high; the superior zone and operculum 32 in. in diam., height of the latter 12 in., the colu- mella filling the mouth and descending to the depth of 4 in.; pericarp 3 in. thick, its inner mouth 3 in. broad, depth of cell below upper zone 74 in., its internal diameter 64 in.; seeds 1 in. long, 8 lines broad. 4. LECYTHIS URNIGERA, Mart., Berg in Mart. Flor. Bras. J. c. p. 493, tab. 64: ramulis rugosis, subgriseis, opacis, subsuleatis; foliis ovalibus, imo rotundatis, apice sæpis- sime obtusatis, ad marginem subtenuem flavescentem serrulatis, dentibus obtusis, subchartaceis, supra viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuissimis patentim divaricatis vix prominulis, creberrime reticulatis, subtus pallidioribus, nervis venisque prominulis, costa prominente; petiolo tenui, supra sulcato et marginato, subtus fusciore, limbo 10plo breviore: inflorescentia brevi (invisa); pedicellis fructiferis valde incras- satis: pyxidio maximo, ovali-oblongo, infra vel ad medium subventricoso, longe supra medium zona calycari vix prominula annulari circumdato, margine acutius- culo erecta, undulata et obsolete 6-loba, ambitu circulari ; vitta interzonali imo coarctata et anguste canaliculata, dein conice convexa, diametri quartam partem alta; zona superiore integra, inferiore angustiore, fauce crassissima, introrsum inclinata, ore Zona dimidio minore; operculo rotundiuscule et conice convexo, vitta duplo altiore, solido, subtus columella aucto, hac primum valde crassa, faucem implente, dein subbreviter obconica, 4-sulcata ; pericarpio crassissimo, subscabride granuloso vel scrobiculato-rugoso, granulis flavidis creberrime signato, interdum sublacunose tuberculato, obsolete 4-loculari; seminibus 16-24, ovato-oblongis, profunde sulcatis, costis furcatis, funiculo magno carnoso suspensis. In Brasilia, prov. Rio Janeiro (Cantagallo): v. pl. s. in herb. meo, Marica (Mattos); v. fr.s. ex eodem loc. (Mattos), in Mus, Fry. et meo, Novo Friburgo (Cox); Ilheos (Hawkshaw). Specimens of the plant, without flowers, but attached to the fruit, were lately received from Sen. Mattos; I also obtained the fruit in a fresh state many years ago in Rio de Janeiro. The species forms a tree of immense size, unquestionably the same as L. urni- gera, Mart., which extends over the province from Maricä to Cantagallo, and even as far north as Ilheos. The leaves are 3-34 in. long, 2-21 in. broad, eH a petiole 31-4 lines long ; and they have about 15 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing. "The pyxidium (Plate XXXIX.) is 7-10} in. long, 6-74 in. broad; the calycary zone 51-61 in. in diam., 5-74 in. above the base ; the interzonary band is 1-13 in. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA, i 208 high ; the upper zone is circular 34-44 in. in diam., the inner mouth contracted and slant- ing downward to a diameter of 15-2 in. ; the operculum is 34-44 in. in diam., 14-2 in. high, solid, with the attached columella, at first 14 in. thick, 21 long, extending down- wards to an obtuse point; the pericarp is nearly 1 in. thick, depth of inner space from upper zone 5-7 in., the internal diam. 4-6 in.; the seeds are 13-2 in. long, 1-12 in. broad, suspended by white fleshy funicles of nearly the same length; the fruit is borne ` upon along, thick, woody support. This pyxidium resembles that of L. Amazonum in size, but is more elongated, with a longer operculum, a shorter columella, and a more contracted mouth, and larger seeds. The larger dimensions above given are those of Berg, the smaller ones from some of my own specimens. The leaves were not seen by Berg. | It is distinguished from L. Velloziana by its shorter axils, more ovate leaves, not acuminated, more finely serrated, by its more robust pyxidium, more rounded at the base, of a paler yellowish colour, lighter consistence, with a smoother subgranular surface, by its lobeless annular calycary zone, showing inside of it a deep circular channel. 9. LEOYTHIS VELLOZIANA, nob: Lecythis ollaria, Vell., non Linn., Fl. Flum. p. 222, Icon. v. tab. 88: foliis ellipticis, imo in petiolum sensim subacutis, apice gradatim acute attenuatis, subgrossule serratis, petiolo limbo 12plo breviore: floribus ignotis: pyxidio magno, late ovato, vasiformi-cylindrico, imo valde rotundato, medio sensim paullo constricto, supra medium zona calycari subannulata, obsolete 6-lobata, am- bitu subhexagona, margine sursum spectante cincto; vitta interzonali subconica, apice rotundiore, diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore orbiculari, inferiore multo minore ; operculo convexo, vittee fere altitudine, solido, columella crassissima Imo obconica et 4-suleat a aucto; pericarpio crassissimo, subponderoso, luride brunneo, opaco, granulatim irrorato, obsolete 4-loculari. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro: v. Jruct. in Mus. Fry.; pl. non vidi. The axils of its branchlets are about 11 in. apart ; the leaves are 3-3 in. long, 13-13 in. broad, on a petiole 3 lines long; the pyxidium (Plate XL.) is 84 in. long, 63 in. broad ; NY Cary zone, 53 in. above the base, is 62 in. in diam.; the interzonary band is 39 high; the upper zone and operculum 4 in. in diam.; the latter, 1 in. high, is uh. beneath by the portion filling the mouth, 2 in. deep, and further lengthened of 4 the descending obconical portion of the columella ; pericarp 4-$ in. thick ; depth vimm Space below the upper zone 53 in., internal diameter 4$ in., the contracted t ° of the mouth being 22 in. broad; the seeds are 24 in. long, 1 in. broad, con- tacted at each extremity. The Species differs from Z. urnigera in the more elliptic shape of its leaves, its more ding nerves, and a very different pyxidium. 6, : SU RR reviter rotundato, longe supra medium zona calycam ambitu an > Paullo prominente undulatim 6-loba cincto, lobis subrotundis, compressis, erectis; vitta interzonali circa lobos concava, dein introrsum convexe aecliva, dia- =. 204 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. metri quintam partem alta; zona superiore integra, quam inferiore multo angustiore ; opereulo pulvinato, valde depresso, centro paullo convexo, subtus columella fibroso- spongiosa intra faucem crassissima dein obconica et 4-sulcata aucto; pericarpio crasso, fibroso-lignoso, cortice tenuissimo pallide brunneo pruinose opaco minute granulato tecto, obsolete 4-loculari. In Nova Granada: v. fr. sicc. in Mus. Brit., Bogota. This is very distinct from all others of Peruvian origin. The pyxidium (Plate XLI.) is remarkable for its size, shape, lightness of texture, and flattened operculum ; it is 84 in. long, 64 in. broad; the calycary zone, 7 in. from the base, is 7 in. in diam.; the inter- zonary band is 1 in. high; the upper zone and operculum are 4 in. in diam., the latter only ¿ in. high, the fibrous ‘base of the attached columella, within the mouth, being 3 in. thick. 7. LECYTHIS VASIFORMIS, nob. : planta ignota : pyxidio vasiformi, infra medium turbinato, imum versus constricto, truncato, et umbilicato, medio late cylindrico, longe supra medium zona calycari annulari ambitu circulari subacuta aut obtusa prominente obso- lete lobata eincto ; vitta interzonali subdepressa, paullo convexa, diametri 6-10mam partem alta; zona superiore integra, inferiore multo angustiore; operculo depresse eonvexo, late et obtuse umbonato, inferne columella valde incrassata primum trun- cata dein obconica et 4-suleata aucto; pericarpio crassissimo, levissime lignoso, brunneo, areolis irregularibus paullo impressis variolato, obsolete 4-loculari, oper- culo extus tuberculato-rugoso; seminibus pluribus, late oblongis, obtusis, irregu- lariter costatis, costis furcatis paullo prominulis, brunneis, glauco-opacis, minute granulatis. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro: v. s. in Mus. Fry. Of this species, remarkable for the extreme lightness of its pyxidium (Plate XLII. fig. 1), I have seen two specimens ; they are 7 in. long ; the calycary zone 51—53 in. from the base, 61-7 in. in diam; the broad, much inclined interzonal band is 1-14 in. high, the upper zone and operculum 34-34 in. in diam., the latter 1-i in. high, expanded below by the extremely inerassated base of the columella, of nearly its diameter, and perpendicular; there itis 1-13 in. in thickness, where it fills the mouth, thence narrowing into a short obtuse 4-sulcated cone, making it altogether 13 in. long; the pericarp is nearly ۰ thick; the internal space below the upper zone is 4i in. deep, 4-44 in. in diam.; the seeds 13 in. long, 13 in. broad. 8. LECYTHIS AMPLA, nob.: planta ignota : pyxidio majusculo, urniformi, cylindrico, imo hemispheerice rotundato, supra medium zona caleycari undulatim 6-lobata margine acute brevissimo sursum spectante cincto; vitta interzonali primum subconcava, dein adscendente, sensim erecta, diametri dimidii altitudine; zona superiore quan inferiore multo minore, integra; operculo vittz fere altitudine, primum convexo et pulvinato, dein late umbonato, solido, subtus columella basi erassissima tune longe obconica et 4-suleata aucto; pericarpio crasso, pallide brunneo, opaco, cortice tenui subrimoso, lenticellis flavidis granuloso; seminibus oblongis, utrinque obtusis, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE £. 205 fusco-brunneis, glauco-pruinosis, irregulariter costatis, costis paullo prominentibus. In Nova Granada : v. fr. sicc. in Mus. Kew., Antioquia (Jervis). The fruit (Plate XLIII. fig. 1) is extremely different from Z. ampullaria from the same locality. The pyxidium is 83 in. long, 5£ in. broad; calycary zone 54 in. above the base, 6 in. in diam. ; interzonary band 13 in. high; operculum 9i in. in diam., 12 in. high; columella, with a neck filling the mouth 9 lines thick, is altogether 4 in. long ; pericarp $ in. thick, internally 6 in. deep from upper zone, and 44 in. broad; it is covered by a rather thin cracking bark, granulated with raised hollow lenticels ; the seeds are 12 in. long, 1 in. broad. 9. 17۳0۲1۲۲۲8 VALIDISSIMA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio late vasiformi, imo rotundato, supra medium zona calycari annulatim prominula et obsolete 6-lobata margine erecta cincto; vitta interzonali primum concava, dein conice convexa, diametri Tmam partem alta ; zona superiore circulari, inferiore minore ; operculo altiore, pulvi- nato, valde crasso, subtus columella descendente aucto, hae orificium implente, dein anguste obconica et 4-sulcata; pericarpio crassissimo, lignoso, ponderoso, brunneo, granulatim scrobiculato, obsolete 4-loculari ; seminibus oblongis, obtusulis, opace brunneis, subgranulatis, costis rubellis prominulis irregulariter fureatis. In Guiana : v. s. in Mus. Brit., sine loco et forsan indigena; in Mus. Kew., ins. Mauri- tiana eult. (J. Duncan). The former specimen (Plate XLIV.) agrees in size, shape, and other respects with the latter, which is cultivated in the Mauritius, and is one of the three kinds transported from Cayenne in 1760, by order of the French government (the other two species being ۳. and L. Zabucayo). It much resembles the latter in form, but is much ig and of much heavier consistence. It is 74-73 in. long, 53-61 in. broad; the 1 E 64-63 in. in diam., and 6 in. above the base; the interzonary band is mg 3 SEDET Zone and operculum are 44-44 in. broad, the latter 14 in. high, expanded E by the columella, which fills the mouth, where it is } in. thick, and is ithe E HEN 4-grooved conical form, reaching the middle of the cell ; the pericarp à specimen is $ in., in that from the Mauritius 1 in. thick. " (CK cule nob. : planta ignota : pyxidio urniformi, imo sensim angustiore : annulati x umbilicato, medio subventricoso, longe supra medium zona calycari Umm prominente obsolete 6-loba ambitu circulari cincto, lobis late rotundatis, primum de ect, vel paullo inflexis, compressis ; vitta interzonali valde depressa, demissa Nn ced a dein convexiuscula, paullo elevata, vel interdum subter zonam minore: o e alitas depressa; zona superiore integra, circulari, inferiore multo faucem 5 "d ereulo convexo, tubereulato, rugoso, subtus columella brevi, intra et danla E subtruncata cavernis 4 insculpta dein subito brevissime obconica vel o P arpio ecorticato, subcrasso, glauco-brunneo, : que tuberculat; "pm areolis impressis et foveolis profundis variolato (vitta operculo- obtuse oblon E gos ix foveolatis), sub- 4-loculari; seminibus 24, majusculis, VOL, xxx. S18, castaneis, costis crassis irregulariter furcatis ور‎ me sub- ¿E 206 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE ۰ nitidis, obsolete rugulosis. In Brasilia: v. s. in Mus. Brit. (Capt. Burton) : exempla 2 in Mus. Kew. e Brasilia (sine nomine) : in Mus. Fry. et meo, Rio de Janeiro. The specimens vary in size, though all possess similar characters, one being remark- able for its nearly horizontal interzonary band sunk almost below the level of the calycary zone. Burton's larger specimen (Plate XLV.) is 7} in. long, 52 in. broad; the calycary zone, 6 in. above the base, is $ in. broader; the interzonary band is j in. high, (in the second specimen 2 in., in the third $ in. above the top of the zone); the upper zone and operculum are 31 in. broad, the latter 2 in. high; that portion of the columella which fills the mouth is 3 in. thick, and is further extended into a short 4-grooved cone of about the same length; the pericarp is $ in. thick; the seeds 13-2 in. long, 1-1} in. broad. In my own specimen the calycary zone is 5 in. in diameter and 4} in. above the sub- hemispheerical base, the interzonary band is 4 in. higher; the upper zone 33 in. in diam., with its mouth inflexed and 3 in. in diam. ; the pericarp is } in. thick, the depth inside below the upper zone is 3 in. ; the opereulum is 3 in. broad, 1 in. high; the descending truncated portion is 1 in. long, and deeply 4-channelled. 11. LECYTHIS LANCEOLATA, Poir. (non Berg), Encyc. Méth. vi. 27 ; DC. Prodr. iii. 291: ramulis tenuiter virgatis, teretibus, brunneis, substriatis, lenticellatis ; foliis ob- longis vel lanceolatis, imo subobtusis et in petiolo decurrentibus, apice longiuscule sensim acuminatis, creberrime serrulatis, submembranaceis, supra leete viridibus, sublucentibus, planis, nervis tenuibus venisque creberrime reticulatis prominulis, subtus paululo pallidioribus, subopacis, costa tenui, suleata, prominente, nervis prominulis ; petiolo tenuissimo, canaliculato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 10plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, folio subsequilongis, rachi tenui, angulata, pruinosa, sub-10-flora ; sepalis 6, pedicello paullo longioribus, aeute ovatis, extus pruinosis, marginibus membranaceis, ciliatis ; petalis 6, ovatis ; stylo brevi; stigmate parvo, 4-lobo; ovario infero, parvo, 4-loculari, vertice plano, radiatim striato : pyxidio majusculo, oblongo- ovato, imo rotundato, medio subeylindrico, supra medium zona calycari paull prominente annulari obsolete 6-lobata cincto, lobis brevibus, rotundatis, erectis, margine sursum acutiusculis; vitta interzonali primum concava, dein acclivi, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore integra, inferiore minore; operculo pulvinatim convexo, vitta 2—3plo altiore, subtus columella conica longe descendente 4-suleata aucto; periearpio erasso, sublignoso, subponderoso, cortice tenui, brunneo, crebrigranoso, subtus impresse areolato, areolis albide granulosis, obsolete 4-loculari ; seminibus circ. 12, oblongo-ovatis, utrinque obtusatis, fuscis, fureatim late costatis. In Guiana incola et in insulis Mauritianis culta: v. pl. siccam in herb. Soc. Linn. (Smith), Isle of France (Commerson ex herb. Thouars., no. 382) : v. fr. sie. in Mus. Brit., Guiana (sine nomine); Bourbon (sine nom.): in Mus. Kew. Mauritius (Duncan) ; altera sine nomine (forsan indigena). | > cori sem a a. icm "inen in 17 70, by order of the French Government, 5 Pa sti dis ourishes. It is a lofty tree: the axils of its vga | 471 In. apart; its bright green thin leaves are 21-31 in. long, zi MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 207 broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long; the rachis of the raceme is 2-23 in. long; the pedicels are 1j line long; the flower in bud is 4 in. in diam., the sepals 13 line long. The pyxidium (Plate XLVI.) is 52 in. long, 44 in. in diam. ; the calycary zone 4 in. above the base; the interzonal band is $ in. high ; the operculum is 31 in. in diam., 14 in. high, the columella attached beneath it, being there 34 in. broad, 27 in. long, conical, 4-angled, with 4 deep hollows ; the pericarp is 3 in. thick ; the depth of the cellis 31 in., its internal diam. 3 in., the inner mouth under the operculum being 2 in. in diam. In Duncan's . specimen the thin granulated bark is partly scraped away, showing beneath it many impressed whitish areoles. The indigenous specimen in the Kew Museum is rather wider, and the operculum broader and of more fibrous consistence. The specimen in the British Museum, from the Island of Bourbon, is smaller and immature ; its operculum is taller and more pulvinate, and contains 12 immature seeds only 14 lines long. Dr. Berg (Fl. Bras. Z. c. p. 482) confounded this Guiana species, which he had not seen, with Velloz's Lecythis minor from Rio de J aneiro, a species well known by me, and to be presently described under Lecythis tuberculata. 12. Lrovrurs Zasucavo, Aubl. Guian. ii. 718, tab. 288 (excl. syn.) ; DC. Prodr. iii. 293 ; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 453 : ramulis subteretibus, subangulato-striatis, ad axillas com- pressis, fusco-brunneis, lenticellis flavis creberrime verruculosis, junioribus tenui- oribus, leevibus; foliis oblongis, vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo obtusis aut acutioribus, apice repentino longiuscule et acute attenuatis, subintegris, vel obsolete erenulato- serratis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, subopacis, nervis tenuibus subpatentibus vix prominulis, retieulatis, costa tenui prominula, subtus fulvis, opacis, minute granulosis, nervis venisque prominentibus, costa flava, striolata, prominente ; petiolo fusculo, supra plano, marginato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 24plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus, paucifloris; rachi flexuosa, prumosa, crebre nodosa; floribus mediocribus, pallidis, glutinosis; pedicello sub- angulato, sepalis breviore; sepalis pallidis, crassiusculis, ovato-acutis, subcarinatis, opacis, imo gibbosis, marginibus anguste membranaceis, erosulis; petalis ovatis, bis; androphoro roseo; ovario infero, turbinato, vertice subeoncavo, 4-loculari, | i B eub ^s apice axi affixis, an has te ie 2 Obsolete 6-loba ci t A ۳ ae ine a ree ee i í acutiusculis; vitta eat: x neto, lobis late obtusis, sursum incurvu IS € viet i in en son E concava dein conice convexa, diametri 3-4tam pa : ; 2 ari, inferiore angustiore ; operculo depresse convexo, subtus columella fau : implente Crassissima aucto, hac obeonica, 4-suleata, longe descendente; SA crassissimo, pallide brunneo, minute granuloso, leviter ponderoso. In ( ya he 8. plant, (specim. typic.) in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet) ; Guiana A tree 60 و‎ Um id Puct. in Mus. Kew. sine loco (Booth). = tar: the en high, with Spreading branches; the axils of the branchlets ar in. BUE n I 01-72 in. long, 2-3 in. broad, on a petiole 9-5 lines long ; = er imple raceme : itia ed nerves, with others shorter and intermediate: the Hn s of its mc long, when panicular 5 in. long, with er in. long. 25 208 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. The specimen of the fruit at Kew (Plate XLVIT.), without locality, agrees with the dimensions given by Aublet, and another in the British Museum, which differs only in having the operculum somewhat higher; they are all 64 in. long, about 5 in. broad ; the calycary zone is 41-42 in. above the base and 5 in. in diam. ; the interzonary band is 4-1 in. high; the upper zone and operculum 33-33 in. broad, the latter {-14 in. high; the columella in the mouth is extremely thick, descending in a long 4-sulcated cone. It must be understood that this species is not indigenous in the Mauritius. It appears that the Comte d'Estaing, during a visit to Cayenne in 1758, was so much delighted with the seeds of the Zabucaya, that he carried away with him twelve living plants of the tree, which he conveyed to the Mauritius, planting them in the garden of Réduit. Aublet saw them there in a flourishing condition in 1762, when he returned to France; but he feared they perished soon afterward through neglect. M. Poivre, the botanist, arrived at Port Louis in 1761, as intendant of the colony; and in 1768 he founded the Botanie Garden at Pamplemousses, and applied to the French government to have fresh plants transported from Cayenne: these afterwards arrived in good condition, and were planted there and in the Isle Bourbon, and would seem to be still flourishing there. We can therefore account for the presence in the Kew Museum of the fruits of 3 species sent from the Mauritius, viz. L. Zabucayo, L. lanceolata, and L. validissima, all derived originally from Cayenne. 13. LrcvrHis USITATA, nob.: Lecythis ollaria, Spruce (non Linn.), Hook. Kew Jo. ii. 74: Lecythis Zabucayo, Hook. (non Aubl), /. c. i. 21: ramulis brunneis, sub- tenuibus, teretibus, rugoso-striatis, lenticellis verruculosis ; foliis ellipticis, imo rotundiusculis, ibi canaliculatis et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen subbreve mucronulatum subrecurvulum subito attenuatis, marginibus vix revo- lutis serrulatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, subnitidis, nervis tenuibus patentim divaricatis paullo prominulis, costa prominula, striata, sub lente minute granulatis, subtus pallidioribus, brunnescentibus, glauco-opacis, nervis venis- que prominulis, costa prominente ; petiolo subtenui, supra plano, subtus corruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus, rachi flexuosa, nodosa (flores desunt): pyxidio globoso-ovato, imo ovali, ad medium zona calycari paullo prominente ambitu circulari obsolete lobata eincto ; vitta inter- zonali sensim conice subconvexa, diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore in- tegra, inferiore dimidio angustiore ; operculo ignoto ; pericarpio crasso, subponderoso, opacissimo, cortice tenui ochraceo-brunneo in areolis rimoso ; seminibus plurimis, majusculis, oblongis, utrinque subacutis, irregulariter costatis, cum rugis trans- versis in intervallis, grate edulibus. In Brasilia, prov. Para, inde abundat: v. pl. s. in herb. Hook., ins. Caripé (Spruce, 23) : v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew., Caripé (Spruce); Brasilia (Wetheral). This is the species which produces the well-known Sapucayo nuts of commerce, and is very different from the Lecythis Zapucayo of Aublet : it abounds in the island of Caripe and other parts of the province of Pará, and is mentioned by Spruce in the list of his MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE A. 209 contributions to the Kew Museum (Hook. Kew Jo. ii. 74, no. 23).. The axils of its branches are 4-8 lines apart; the leaves are 3351 in. long, 11-2 in. broad, on a petiole 24-3 lines long; they have about 12 pairs or more of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing. The raceme is 11-3 in. long, the nodes of the rachis 2-3 lines apart, supporting a pedicel 1 line long ; the sepals are 2 lines, the petals 15 lines long, and 9 lines broad. The pyxidium (Plate XLVII. fig. 2) is 42 in. long, 52 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 22 in. above the base; the interzonary band is 12 in. high; the upper zone 3$ in. in diam., the operculum being lost in both specimens; the mouth is$ in. deep, and contracted to a diameter of 24-2} in. ; the pericarp is ¿ in. thick, the depth of the internal space is 33 in. below the upper zone, and its internal diam. is 31 in. ; the seeds are 2 in. long, l iù. broad. There are 2 specimens in the Kew Museum, one sent by Dr. Spruce, the other by Mr. Wetheral, who contributed many vegetable productions from the Amazonas region. 14. Lecytuts PoHttr, Berg, in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 484, tab. 7. fig. 150 et tab. 68; Linn. xxvii. 452 (excl. syn.): ramis nigrescentibus, ramulis teneris, brunneis, minute verruculosis, subpruinosis ; foliis ovato-oblongis, oblongis, vel oblongo-lan- ceolatis, imo rotundatis et in petiolum ssepe breviter acutatis, apice in acumen angustum longissimum acutum attenuatis, serrulatis, dentibus subminutis, tenuiter membranaceis, utrinque leete viridibus, supra nitidis, nervis tenuissimis, patentim divergentibus, prominulis, crebre reticulatis, costa tenuissima, subtus vix opacis, nervis prominulis, costa utrinque striolata; petiolo tenuissimo, marginato, limbo 30plo breviore: racemis (sec. cl. Berg) axillaribus, folio ssepius brevioribus; rachi gracili, pauciflora; floribus parvis; pedicellis sulcatis, minutissime puberulis, calycem vquantibus; sepalis obovatis, subpatentibus, pruinosis; petalis obovatis ; ovario semiinfero, parvo, 4-loculari, vertice convexo, puberulo; stylo tereti: pyxidio subgloboso, imo rotundato; supra medium zona calycari obsolete 6-lobata ambitu circulari vix prominula cincto; vitta interzonali primum incurva, dein acclive convexa, diametri quartam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, inferiore Paullo minore; operculo valido, vittæ dupla altitudine, spheerice convexo, subtus columella primum crassissima et truncata, mox obconica et 4-suleata, longiuscule descendente aucto; pericarpio crassissimo, dure lignoso, griseo-fuscescente, obsolete Scrobiculato, evanide 4-loculari; seminibus oblongis, utrinque obtusulis, irregula- one costatis, badiis. In Brasilia, prov. Goyaz, ad Pilar (Pohl, 4311): v. pl. s. in a : ook. prov. Goyaz (Burchell, sine flore, 9865) : fr. non vidi. are Eo resembling in habit Z. Pisonis, but with a very different fruit, which > es xm form that of Z. Marcgraaviana. The axils of its slender branchlets 2.5 in um 3 Ms extremely membranaceous leaves, with a long N mnes | 1728» 1-12 in. broad, on a petiole 1-14 line long; the axillary racemes are whic e emen 1-2 lines long ; the sepals 1 line, the petals 3-5 وی یو رن‎ figure) is 5 in nn in diam. ; the pyxidium (Plate XLV ILL: fig. 3, copie 7 - * 1008, 42 in, broad; the calyeary zone, with 6 obsoletely erect lobes, 18 E. eigen م۳‎ = and equally broad; the interzonary band is 10 lines high; the 210 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. upper zone and close-fitting operculum are 33 in. in diam., the latter 14 in. high, its attached columella fills the much-thickened mouth (which is contracted to a breadth of 23 in.), and extends down wards for a length of 2 in. ; the pericarp is £ in. thick, its internal diam. 3$ in., its depth 3 in.; seeds 13 in. long, 2 in. broad. We find here another instance of the unfortunate guesses of Dr. Berg in respect to his synonyms: in the Flor. Bras. p. 482, he regarded the Z. minor of Velloz (non Jacq.) as identical with his L. lanceolata (non Poir.): in his supplementary memoir in the Linnea (vol. xxvii.) he abandoned that synonym, and applied it to his L. Pohlii (l c. p. 452); but this latter is quite as unjustifiable as the former, as I have elsewhere shown. 15. Lecyruis MARCGRAAVIANA, nob.: Jacapucaya Brasiliensis, Marcg. Hist. Nat. Bras. (edit. 1648), p. 128: procerissima, trunco magno, cortice griseo, ligno duro; foliis rotundato-ovatis, imo cordatis, apice breviter acuminatis, grosse serratis, incurvatis, breviter petiolatis : pyxidio subgloboso, imo oblato-hemispheerico, supra medium zona calycari annulari prominente ambitu circulari margine acutiuscula sursum spectante et obsoletissime 6-loba cincto; vitta interzonali subito canalieulatim recessa, dein acclivi, diametri quartam partem alta ; zona superiore circulari, integer- rima, inferiore multo angustiore, fauce crassa et deorsum inclinatim contracta ; oper- culo depresse convexo, vitta paullo demissiore, margine acutissimo ad zonam arcte applicito, subtus columella crassa aucto, hac primum crassa et faucem implente, dein descendente obconica et 4-sulcata ; pericarpio crassissimo, dure lignoso, pon- deroso, cortice tenui rimoso, opace brunneo, granuloso-ruguloso, obsolete 4-loculari ; seminibus plurimis, ovato-oblongis, irregulariter sulcato-costatis, castaneo-brunneis, subpruinosis, interdum intra fructus germinantibus. In Brasilia, a Marcgraavio in Alagoas olim inventa: v. fruct. sice. im Mus. Soc. Linn. ab eadem regione (G. Don). The above fruit corresponds well with Maregraaf's Jacapucaya; and I have no hesi- tation in affirming their identity. The pyxidium (Plate XLVIIL. fig. 1) is 52 in. long, 6 in. in diam. below the calycary zone, and 6i in. across it, which is 32 in. above the base; the interzonary band is 1j in. high ; the upper zone 3$ in. in diam., the mouth } in. thick, is contracted to a diameter of 2} in.; the operculum is 1 in. high, and its sharp margin fits so closely to the upper zone, that it is difficult to introduce the edge of a knife between them ; it is thickened below by the body of the columella, which fills the mouth and descends in a conically 4-grooved form to the total depth of 24 in.; the pericarp is 1 in. thick, as dense as ironwood, the internal cavity (showing the vestiges of 4 dissepiments) is 3% in. deep and 4 in. in diam. ; the seeds are 14 in. long, 4 in. broad, the testa thick and hard, the nucleus white and edible. I found some of them beginning to sprout at both extremities. Maregraaf describes it as a very lofty tree, with a very hard timber, covered by a grey bark. It is probably the same which Gardner saw (Trav. p. 92), who describes an enormously large tree, the ground beneath it being covered with the fruits, the large coverlids of which had fallen off on the ripening of the seeds: most of them were MR. J. MIERS. ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 211 empty, the seeds having been devoured by the monkeys, who are very fond of them. The great height of the tree prevented him from obtaining specimens of it. He observed itin a forest near Catuca, twenty miles W. of Pernambuco and about sixty miles from Alagoas. Marcgraaf says the size and shape of the leaves are like those of the mulberry, and are therefore about 33 in. long and 2} in. broad. 16. LecyTHIs DENSA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio globoso-ovali, dense ponderoso, imo . hemisphærico, fere ad medium zona calycari obtuse annulari vix lobata ambitu circulari cincto; vitta interzonali alte conica, diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore quam calycari dimidio minore, circulari, fauce crassa et declivi ; operculo convexo, diametri tertiam partem alto; columella crassa faucem implente, subtus truncata et 4-cavernosa, dein in conum 4-suleatum angustum longe descendentem constricta; pericarpio crassissimo, densissimo, ecorticato, fusco, crude tuberculato, impresse areolato, cum granulis interspersis. In Brasilia: v. fr. s. in Mus. Brit. (Sloane, 7798), loco ignoto. . This may possibly be the fruit of Z. ollaria ; it approaches L. Pisonis in its general character; the pyxidium (Plate XLIX. fig. 1) is 62 in. long, 53 in. from the upper zone to the base, 61 in. broad across the calycary zone, which is 3 in. above the base; the interzonary band is 2 in. high; the upper zone 33 in. across the mouth, which is ? in. deep, and contracted to a diameter of 2 in.; the operculum is 34 in. in diam., 1 in. high; the attached columella, 2 in. thick, fills the mouth, and descends in a conical form to a further depth of 2 in. ; the pericarp is 1j in. thick at the calycary zone, 1 in. thick above and at the base. 17. Leorruns Pisonis, Camb. Fl. Bras. ii. 377 (excl. synon.); Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l. ¢. p. 480, tab. 82 (excl. syn.); id. in Linnea, xxvii. 499 (excl. syn.): arbor posu, trunco maximo, cortice quercino, crasso, irregulariter rimoso ; ramulis gracilibus, pallide brunneis, pruinosis, striolatis, verruculosis; foliis oblongo- vel lanceolato-ellipticis, imo rotundiuscule obtusis, apice sensim angustioribus et in acumen acutum longiusculum constrictis, crebre et obtusule serrato-denticulatis, chartaceis, Supra valde viridibus, subnitentibus, nervis tenuissimis stramineis ar- en nexis, venis crebre reticulatis costaque tenui prominulis, subtus vix pallidi- oribus, Opacioribus, costa fusca nervis stramineis venisque prominulis ; petiolo fusco, esto marginato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 20-30plo breviore 4 racemis (sec. : ) folio brevioribus, rachi gracili, creberrime 5-10-flora; pedicellis calyci Tillongis; floribus majusculis; sepalis ovatis, obtusis, atro-violaceis, obsolete E pelis obovatis, inæqualibus, violaceis, demum albidis, extus E ne orm Infero, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis ab axi radiantibus: pyxidio (sec. Fus versus zo ) ajusculo, imo hemispheerico, umbilicato et interdum 6-lobato, me is vitta Teg calycari annulari 6-nodata subprominente ambitu fere circulari cincto ; calycari vun convexa, diametri plusquam dimidium alta; zona superiore quam Cid ad dimidium angustiore ; fauce decliva, latiuscula, margine foveolis erebre Xin terebrata ; opereulo crasso, convexo, vittze fere altitudine, subtus columella 212 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACER. aucto, hac primum crassa, faucem implente, subtus cavitatibus 4 infossata, et dein obconice descendente late 4-sulcata ; pericarpio crassissimo, fere osseo, extus corru- gulato et varioloso, obsolete 4-loculari; seminibus majusculis, oblongis, irregulariter costatis. In Brasilia, prov. Espiritu Santo et Minas Geraes ad ripas Rio Doce: v. 8. pl. sine flore in hb. Hook. ( Burchell, 9650, sine loco); fructus ab eadem regione (non vidi). I have no doubt of the identity of Burchell’s flowerless specimen with that of St.- Hilaire, described by Cambessédes, as it was through the same region that Burchell travelled on his way to the Rio Tocantins; its characters agree well with Cambessédes’ description, especially in its finely serrulated leaves, differing essentially from Berg’s plant from Rio de Janeiro, the leaves of which are larger and crenately dentate. Berg’s diagnosis of L. Pisonis (except that of the fruit) must therefore be rejected, as it appears to me well adapted to Z. Velloziana, nob. (L. ollaria, Vell. non Linn.) I have accepted Berg's character of the fruit from Xipote, as it comes from the same region as St.- Hilaire’s plant, near the source of the Rio Doce. On the other hand Cambassédes’ account of the fruit cannot be received, as he did not see it, and wrongly assumed it to be identical with the Jacapucaya of Maregraaf, from Alagoas. In Burchell's specimen, the axils of the slender branches are 1-13 in. apart: the leaves ` are 23-5] in. long, 13-2 in. broad, on petioles 1-2 lines long; they have about 18 pairs of slender nerves, with others shorter and intermediate. The raceme, according to Cam- bessödes, is 3-4 in. long, the pedicels 2-3 lines long, the sepals 2-23 lines long, the petals 9 lines long, the androphorum 7 lines in. diam. In Plate LI. I have copied the pyxidium from Berg's drawing, with the addition of the operculum; it is altogether 8} in. high; the calycary zone is 8 in. across, and 91 in. above the base; the interzonal band is 2 in. high ; the upper zone and operculum 4 in. in diam. ; the latter, as stated by Berg, is 23 in. high; the breadth of the rim of the mouth 9 lines, its orifice 3 in. wide; the columella descends 2 in. lower; the pericarp, 9 lines thick, weighs 3 or 4 Ibs. ; the seeds are 13 in. long, 14 in. broad. 18. LECYTHIS SPHÆROIDES, nob. : planta ignota: pyxidio majusculo, subspheerico, imo semigloboso, eirca medium zona calycari annulari ambitu circulari paullo promi- nente cincto; vitta interzonali subacclivi, diametri tertiam partem fere alta; zona superiore integra, orbiculari, quam calycari paullo minore; operculo circulari, pulvinatim convexo, vitta dimidio breviore, subtus columella primum crassissima dein subito conica et profunde 4-cavernosa aucto; pericarpio subleviter lignoso, erassissimo, extus in lacunas longiusculas irregulares profunde corrugulato, circa zonam calycarem leeviusculo; operculo subruguloso, intus obsolete 4-loculari. In Amazonas : v. fr. s. in Mus. Morson. et meo, Cametä (Farriss). The pyxidium only is known (Plate LIL), which somewhat resembles that of L. Pi- sonis, but has a much wider upper zone and opereulum, with a broader marginal mouth and a much thicker pericarp of a lighter woody tissue. It is 7 in. high, 74 in. broad at the slightly undulating calycary zone, which is 34 in. above the base; the interzonary band is 2} in. high; the upper zone is 5} in. in diam., with a flattish inclined mouth MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. 915 1 in. deep, narrowing the inner mouth to a breadth of 4 in.; the pericarp is 1} in. thick at the interzonal band, 14 in. thick in the lower moiety. 19. LECYTHIS BISERRATA, nob.: Lecythis lanceolata, Berg (non Poir.) in Mart. Fl. Bras. l.c. p. 482, tab. 7. fig. 156, tab. 62 (excl. syn); Linn. xxvii. p. 452: Lecythis -ollaria, Saldanha (non Linn. nec Vell.), Configuração, p. 70, Desenhos, tab. 8: arbor magnifica frondosa, ramis patentibus, ramulis pendentibus, tenuissimis, subflexuosis, lenticellatis, glauco-opacis ; foliis lanceolatis, imo subrotundatis, aut subito cuneato- acutis, apice longiuscule attenuatis, acumine obtusulo, rigidule chartaceis, inzequa- liter biserrulatis, dentium margine ciliato-pruinoso, supra leete viridibus, utrinque nervis tenuissimis venis crebre reticulatis costaque tenui prominulis, subtus olivaceis, nervis flavidis; petiolo tenui, limbo 12plo breviore: panicula terminali, ramis laxis, racemosis, vel racemis axillaribus, folio longioribus, sub-10-floris ; rachi tenuissima, ovatis, obtusis, extus cano-pruinosis; petalis obovatis, crassiusculis, violaceis, imo pallidis ; androphoro albo ; ovario infero, turbinato, 4-loculari, vertice plano, radiatim striato; stylo brevi, crassiusculo ; stigmate subgloboso : pyxidio majusculo, depresse globoso, imo turbinato, profunde suleato et umbilicato, longe infra medium zona calycari prominente annulari subundulata cineto, ambitu circulari ; vitta interzonali parum convexa, zonze calycaris diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore ampla, paullo angustiore, subquadrato-orbiculari ; operculo lato, pulvinatim depresso, dia- metri fere septimam partem alto, subtus columella crassa truncata imo 4-suleatim obeonica aucto; pericarpio obsolete 4-loculari, crasso, subspongioso-lignoso, areolis magnis irregularibus impresso. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro: v. pl. in herb. Hook., Montibus Organensibus, ad Mandiocca (Riedel, 4) ; fruct. non vidi. ^ magnificent tree, according to Sen. Saldanha, with a trunk more than 2 feet in diameter, bare to the height of 80 feet, when it separates into three short sections, sub- divided into numerous wide-spreading branches, with copious foliage, the branchlets leni extremely slender and pendulous ; the axils are $ in. apart; the leaves are 2-4 in. he 3-14 in. broad, on petioles 2-3 lines long, having about 16 pairs of very fine nerves, hs many others intermediate and shorter, all anastomosing into a very close and pro- dg ~ reticulation ; the branches of the terminal panicle are 1-3 in. long; the rachis of al racemes is 1} in. long; the pedicels are 1 line long; the sepals 2 lines; the cm e long, 5 lines broad; the flower expanded 13 in. xem The pyxidium hoa +), with the addition of the operculum, according to Berg s drawing from a zone e Berlin herbarium, is nearly 6} in. high; the EEE O the Em xm £ in. in Hen, and 2 in. above the base; the interzonary band is 22 "s پم و‎ a Er dedu 18 67 in. across, the opereulum being of the same diameter, and 16 lines high ; ی‎ of Vie mouth is 9-10 lines broad, the orifice 47 1n. wide. Vae k we - 'anha s full description of this species is good, and his drawing ot 1 8 ا‎ gure of the fruit, reduced to 1 nat, size, must be rejected, because it s ows al ۳ as the operculum is twice the diameter of the upper zone, on which it OL. Xxx, | TRE floribus aromaticis; pedicellis calycem sequantibus, minutissime puberulis ; sepalis 214 MR. J- MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. ought to fit elosely; and the interzonary band is much too short. He is unquestionably wrong in referring the species to L. ollaria, Linn. Berg's account is more than usually full of errors. He first refers it to Poiret's Guiana species, to which certainly it does not belong, as I have verified in Commerson's spe- cimen; and secondly he identifies it with Velloz’s L. minor, an extremely different plant both in its leaves and fruit, as I have elsewhere demonstrated. There is another great error in his account of the fruit. This is at variance with his drawing, which is taken from a specimen collected in Rio de Janeiro by Pohl, and now in the Berlin Museum. In this the diameter of the upper zone is 63 in., whereas in the description it is stated to be only 34 in., a diserepancy which might be attributed to a typical error if it had not been accompanied by the word “parvo.” I have copied that drawing in my Plate LIT., with the addition of the operculum, 16 lines in height, as he states it to be in the specimen. Riedel’s specimen of the plant agrees with Saldanha's figure, and bears on the accompanying ticket in Riedel’s writing “ Lecythis Pohlü, teste Berg." It is, however, certainly different from that species, showing how loosely Berg gave his autho- rity from memory, without comparing the plants. 20. LECYTHIS LIMBATA, nob.: pyxidio latissime urceolato, imum versus subconstricto, profunde 6-suleato, -lobato et umbilieato; supra medium zona calycari latissime expansa ambitu sinuato-hexagona angulis subacutis subreflexis cincto ; vitta inter- zonali sensim acclivi, diametri fere 4tam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, ampla, fauce crassiuscula et convexe declivi; operculo ignoto; pericarpio crasso, subleviter lignoso, grosse ruguloso, cum areolis impressis medio lenticellis flavidis granulatis signato, obsolete 4-loculari. In Brasilia: v. fruct. siccum in Mus. Brit. (sine altera indicatione). The pyxidium of this very distinct species (Plate LIII.), from the mouth to the base, is 61 in. long; its diameter beneath the calycary zone is 52 in. ; the latter, suddenly project- ing like a reflected cornice, is 83 in. in diam., and 41 in. above the base ; the interzonary band is 13 in. high, 7 in. in diam. at its base, where it rises from the zonal lobes, curving and narrowing upward to the upper zone, which is 44 in. in diam. ; the mouth inclines inwards, narrowing to an orifice 22 in. broad; the periearp is 3 in. thiek below the calycary zone, and 13 in. thick at the interzonary band; the depth of the internal space below the upper zone is 32 in., its internal diam. is 41 in. 21. LECYTHIS VENUSTA, nob. : Lecythis grandiflora, Benth. (non Aubl.) in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 324: ramulis teneris, fuscis, opacis, striolatis, rugulosis, lenticellis flavidis verruculosis; foliis elliptico-lanceolatis, vel oblongis, imo obtusis, vel subacutis, apice in acumen brevissimum acutum subito constrictis, integris, vel obsoletissime serrulatis, marginibus subrevolutis, chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, leviter . opacis, minutissime granulatis, nervis semiimmersis, venis reticulatis, subtus rubi- dule brunnescentibus, opacis, costa striata nervis flavidis venisque prominentibus; petiolo tereti, canaliculato, subtus corruguloso, limbo 9-12plo breviore: paniculis E axillaribus et terminalibus, brevibus; floribus plurimis, mediocribus, incarnatis; : MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 215 pedicellis calyci sequilongis, fuscis, corrugulatis; sepalis 6, ovatis, subaeutis, imo gibbosis, fuscis, minutissime scabridulis; petalis ovalibus; ovario subinfero, imo toruloso, 4-loculari, ovulis paucis e funiculis radiantibus, vertice depresse pulvinato, radiatim costato; stylo tereti subtenui, sepalis «equilongo: pyxidio longiuscule tur- binato, imo angustiore profunde suleato et umbilicato, corpore obconico, supra medium zona calycari ambitu hexagona prominente 6-lobata cincto ; lobis longius- culis compressis, late cornutis, subacutis, inflexis, linea undulata nexis ; vitta inter- zonali altiuseula, imo concava, dein convexa et fere erecta, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore inferiore minore, circulari ; operculo vittee altitudine, pulvinato, . depresse convexo, obtuse umbonato, solido, subtus truncato et in fossis 4 cavato, co- lumella obconica 4-suleata cum eo continua ; pericarpio crasso, ponderose ligneo, pal- lide brunneo, lacunis plerumque profundis granulatis cancellatim areolato ; operculo simillime signato. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Hook. et Mus. Brit., Berbice (Schomb. 286); Guiana (Martin) ; Surinam ( Hostmann, 1802) ; v. fruct. in Mus. Soc. Linn. Guiana (Schomb. sub L. grandiflora) ; in Mus. Kew. et meo, Demerara (Boughton). This is a large tree, called Cacarola; its branchlets with axils 4-1 in. apart; the leaves are 33-9 in. long, 1-31 in. broad, on a petiole 5-7 lines long, and with about 15 pairs of prineipal nerves, with others shorter and intermediate; the many-flowered cd raceme is 31-5 in. long; the pedicels 2-3 lines apart, 1-2 lines long ; the sepals 2 lines long, 1 line broad; the petals 10 lines long; the style curved, as long as the . Sepals; the pyxidium (Plate 55) is 64 in. long; the calycary zone, 5 in. above the base, is 54-51 in. in diam. ; interzonary band lin. high; diam. of upper zone 3-34 in., contracted in its mouth to 2 in., with a shelving surface; depth of cell 33-4 in., its Internal diam, 9lin.; the fruit is identified with the plant, both bearing the same name, | annexed to them by Schomburgk. The oblong seeds, 13 in. long, 2 in. broad, are of a dark-brown colour, with several furcated costate ridges, pruinosely opaque ; and they are suspended a little below the summit by a fleshy funicle of nearly similar size. This Species differs from Z, grandiflora, Aublet, to which it was referred by Schomburgk, in 7 narrower elongated lanceolated leaves, its shorter racemes, with a more slender and Straighter rachis, very much smaller and more approximated flowers, of a pink colour, Pean shorter pedicels, in its ovary with a more depressed vertex, in its more turbinate poem with an impressed cancellated surface, in a different calycary zone, a paro PPer zone, with a more contracted and shallower mouth. 22. مها‎ COGNATA, nob.: ramulis rubidule brunneis, opacis, striolatis, lenticellis flavidis verrueulosis; foliis ovato-oblongis, vel elongato-oblongis, imo obtusis yel paullulo acutioribus, apice acute acuminatis, marginibus subintegris, chartaceis, Supra lete aut pallide viridibus, subnitidis, nervis divaricatis, subtus pallidioribus, tubescentibus, aut fulvioribus, costa nervisque prominulis, valde reticulatis ; petiolo x supra canalieulato, subtus transverse corrugulato, limbo 11-14plo breviore: Paniculis terminalibus, ramosis, rachi rufescente-pruinosa, sulcata, nodosa; pedi- cellis subnutantibus ; sepalis oblongis, crassiusculis, concavis, un carinatis, e F 216 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. imo gibbosis ; petalis oblongis, flavis ; ovario semisupero, imo breviter turbinato, cor- rugulato, vertice alto, conice cupulato, flavide maculato, distincte 4-loculari, ovulis paucis, funieulatis; stylo tereti, subbrevi. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Hook. ( Talbot). The entire plant presents a rufescent hue; the axils of its branches are about 13 in. apart; the leaves are 53-9 in. long., 3-31 in. broad, on. a petiole 6-7 lines long; the rachis of the paniele is about 5 in. long, of its branches 2-3 in. long, distance between alternate flowers 6 lines; pedicels 3 lines; sepals 2 lines long, 1 line broad ; petals 6 lines long. It differs from L. amara, Aubl., in its more acuminated leaves, which are not very reticulated, in its longer inflorescence, its petals not glutinous, and the structure of the ovary by which the two plants fall into two distinct genera. It differs from L. ve- nusta in its general appearance, in its inflorescence, especially in its semisuperior ovary, dome-shaped vertex, whieh is smooth and covered with minute red spots; the fruits of the two species, in consequence, will probably be very different in form. 23. LEOYTHIS TUMEFACTA, nob. : planta ignota: pyxidio urceoloto-turbinato, imo sensim angustiore, 4-lobatim sulcato, rotundiusculo, et circa pedicellum crassiore et umbi- licato, paullo supra medium zona calycari ambitu. sinuato-hexangulari prominente cincto; lobis cum angulis 6, magnis, conyexis, valde tumidis; vitta interzonali ogivalo- convexa, diametri 4ta parte alta; zona superiore circulari, integra, inferiore dimidio angustiore; operculo vitta altiore, crassissimo, valde pulvinato et convexo, cum columella infra adnata, hac acute obconica, 4-suleata, fere ad basin loculi descen- dente; pericarpio crasso, spongiose lignoso, fulvo-brunneo, pulverulenti-pruinoso, areolis majusculis ferrugineo-granulatis cancellatim impressis exsculpto, obsolete 4-loculari ; seminibus in quoque loculo circa 5, oblongis, pallide brunneis, irregu- lariter costatis, subscrobiculatis, funiculo albo carnoso paullo minore suspensis. In Guiana Britannica: v. fruct. sic. in Mus. Kew., tria exempla sine operculo, et in meo cum operculo ; Demerara (Boughton), The fruit of this species (Plate LV. fig. 4) approaches that of the following (crassi- noda), but differs in being smaller, in its calycary zone placed above the middle, not sharply angular in its periphery, in being tumidly swollen, with its lobes very rounded and thick, in a less elevated interzonal band, a smaller upper zone; the operculum is more pulvinate, quite convex, and the columella longer; the seeds are smoother, less granulated. It is 5 in. long, the calycary zone 31 in. above the base, with an undulating sharpish edge, orbieular in form, hollowish beneath, 53 in. in diam., the tumesecent lobes being 2 in. thick; the interzonal band is im. high; the upper zone 3 in. in diameter, with an inclined aperture in the mouth, 2 in. across; the operculum 14 in. high, 34 in. broad at its pulvinate base, the attached columella 3 in. deep; the pericarp is £ in. thick, the inner space 3} in. deep, and 54 in. in diam.; the seeds are 13 in. long, ? in. broad. 24. LECYTHIS CRASSINODA, nob. : ramulis tenuibus, teretibus, brunneo-opacis, angulato- striatis; foliis oblongis, vel elongato-oblongis, imo subobtusis et in petiolum sub- MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 217 acutatis, apice in acumen breve acutissimum subito constrictis, tenuiter char- taceis, subintegris, aut levissime crenato-serratis, margine paullo revoluto, supra lete viridibus, subopacis, nervis tenuissimis subimmersis, costa tenui prominula, subtus pallide viridibus, opacis, costa nervisque prominentibus, venis reticulatis vix conspicuis ; petiolo tenui, canaliculato, marginibus incurvis, subtus ruguloso-striato, limbo 9plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota: pyxidio majusculo, urceolato-vasiformi, imo angustiore umbilicato, infra medium turbinato et profunde 6-sulcato, supra medium zona calycari prominente ambitu acute hexagona ad angulos grosse 6-lobata eincto, lobis valde tumidis; vitta interzonali ogivaliter inflexa, grosse rugosa, dia- metri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, integra ; operculo alte pulvinato ogivali, truncatim convexo, centro obsolete umbilicato, diametri tertiam partem alto, obsolete granulato, subtus columella descendente aucto, hae primum faucem im- plente, dein acute conica et 4-sulcata; pericarpio crassissimo, subligneo, pallide brunneo, opaco, grosse foveolato, foveolis impressis granulatis, 4-loculari ; seminibus in quoque loculo circ. 12, oblongis, sub-6-costatis, undique creberrime granulosis, ferrugineo-brunneis. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Hook., Rio Massaruni, Essequibo (Appun, 4, sub L. grandiflora); v. fruct. in Mus. Brit., Guiana (Appun). The fruits were sold among the late Mr. Appun's effects, and may be taken to belong to the plant above quoted, which has no inflorescence. It belongs to a tree bearing the vernacular name of Wadaduri; its leaves are 3—4 in. long, 1-13 in. broad, on a petiole 4-5 lines long, and have about 12 pairs of nerves, arcuately conjoined near the margin. The pyxidium (Plate LIV.) is 84 in. long, much constricted and sulcated near the base, subeylindrieal and 6-sulcate below the calycary zone, which is 43 in. above the base, and projeets 1 in. all round, being there sharply hexangular, acute at the thickly tumified angles, the lobes, 14 in. thick, being connected by a sharp linear ridge; the interzonal band ascends from the lobes in ogival form, and is 2 in. high; the superior zone is 32 in. across, having within it a nearly horizontal mouth, contracted at its sharp edge to a diameter of 1l im; the operculum, pulvinate at its base, is 3$ in. broad, and 1g in high, _ with a thick flattened convex summit. 25. Lecyruts CoXIANA, nob.: ramulis subtenuibus, pendentibus, griseo-pruinosis, strio- latis, lenticellatis ; foliis ellipticis, imo subito acutis, apice in acumen acutum con- strictis, tenuiter chartaceis, marginibus breviter obtuseque serrulatis, et versus petiolum revolutis, supra saturate viridibus, nervis tenuibus venisque creberrime reticulatis semiimmersis, costa prominula, subtus paullo pallidioribus, costa ner- visque flavidis prominulis; petiolo tenui, supra suleato, subtus corrugulato, limbo l2plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota: pyxidio turbinato, imo subito constricto, obsolete 6-suleato, zona calycari valde explanata ambitu ansis 6 crassis tumes- entibus margine acutis cum sinibus totidem alternantibus cincto; vitta interzonali paullo elevata, aeclivi ; zona superiore orbieulari; fauce convexe decliva; ore minore ; Pericarpio levi pondere, extus rugose corrugato et tuberculato, foveatim vario, lato, 218 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. obsolete 4-loculari; seminibus oblongis, costis subparallelis crenulatim rugosis, funieulis carnosis majusculis suspensis. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro, ad fluv. Macacú, v. pl. s. et fruct. a cl. C. Cox donati. A tree growing along the margin of the Rio Macacü, which flows from the eastern extension of the Organ Mountain-range into the N.E. extremity of the great bay of Rio de Janeiro; the axils on its branches are about 1 in. apart; the leaves have a very lurid appearance on both sides, are 3-44 in. long, 131-2 in. broad, on petioles 3-43 lines long, having about 15 pairs of very fine nerves, with others shorter and intermediate. The pyxidium (Plate LVI. figs. 3, 4, 5) is 4$ in. long, 64 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is very prominent, and about 3 in. above the narrow constricted base; the inter- zonal band, much inclined, is $ in. high; the upper zone and operculum are 44 in. in diam. ; the latter is ¿ in. high, with a low umbonate knob in the centre, and is furnished beneath with a columella 2 in. thick, where it fills the mouth, then suddenly contracted and 4-grooved to a further depth of 1 inch ; the seeds are apparently only 1-seried, 13 in. long, $ in. broad, suspended by fleshy funicles 2 in. long. The periearp is 1 in. thick at the sides, 12 in. at the base, its inner space being 2 in. deep below the orifice, and 3 in. wide. Specimens of the fruit and suspended seeds were sent to me preserved in spirits. 26. LECYTHIS TUBERCULATA, nob.: Lecythis minor, Vell. (non Jacq.), Fl. Flum. p. 222, Icon. v. tab. 85 : arbor mediocris; ramulis tenuissimis teretibus, pallide brunneis, griseo-pruinosis, sparse lenticellatis, apice foliiferis, imo nudis, cum racemulis floriferis ex axillis nudis: foliis oblongis, vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen anguste obtusulum subrepente attenuatis, dis- tincte serratis, dentibus obtusis, subchartaceis, supra leete viridibus, subnitentibus, nervis tenuibus venis reticulatis costaque carinata prominentibus, subtus pallidi- oribus, nervis venisque albidis prominentibus, costa prominente, pruinosa ; petiolo tenui, supra plano, limbo 24plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, brevissimis, pauci- floris, aut foliis delapsis longius spicatifloris ; rachi opace pruinoga, circ. 6-8-flora ; floribus mediocribus; pedicellis brevibus, recurvulis, sulcatis, pruinosis ; sepalis ovalibus, extus granulato-pruinosis, margine ciliolatis; petalis ovatis; ovario infero, turbinato, 4-loculari, ovulis pluribus axi radiatim affıxis, vertice plano radiatim striato; stylo brevi, apice crassiore; stigmate parvo, albido: pyxidio turbinato, imo rotundato, suleato et umbilicato, supra medium zona calycari annulari valde prominente cincto, hac ambitu hexagona, angulis tuberculis 2 magnis donatis ; vitta interzonali convexe acclivi, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore suborbiculari quam inferiore angustiore; operculo convexo, solido, cum columella adnato, hac infra medium obconice 4-sulcata aucto ;. pericarpio fusco, ecorticato, crasso, lignoso, obsolete 4-loculari, extus operculoque grossiuscule et profunde tuberculato ; semini- bus oblongis, utrinque obtusis, irregulariter costato-sulcatis, fuscis, funiculo magno carnoso albo suspensis. In Brasilia: v. v. pl. et fruct. in prov. Rio de Janeiro, ad Freixal. A small tree, of no great height, abundantly branched, found at the head of the Bay MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 219 of Rio de Janeiro; it agrees well with the characters of that found by Velloz at Ilha Governador in the same bay. The axils of its branchlets are 2-1 in. apart; the leaves are 2-4 in. long, 14-12 in. broad, on a petiole 2 lines long, with about 12-15 pairs of slender nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing ; the axillary raceme is 13 in. long, its floriferous nodes 2 lines apart, the pedicels 2 lines long ; the sepals 14 line long; petals 4 lines long, 5 lines broad, concave, yellow; androphorum globosely inflected, 6 lines in diameter; the pyxidium (Plate LVI. fig. 1) is 52 in. long, 4in. broad below the calycary zone, which is 6 in. in diam., and 4 in. above the base ; the interzonary band $ in. broad; operculum 3 in. in diam. and $ in. high, increased beneath by the columella, which fills the mouth, where it is 1 in. thick, and then descends obconically to the middle of the cell; the pericarp is $ in. thick, its inner space 4 in- deep below the opercular zone, and 4 in. in diam.; the seeds are 1i in. long, $ in. broad, suspended from a large lateral hilum a little below the summit by a fleshy funicle of nearly equal size; the nucleus is amygdaloid, edible, and of a pleasant flavour. 27. LECYTHIS GRANDIFLORA, Aubl. ii. 712, tab. 283, 284, 285, in parte (non excl. syn. Benth.); DC. Prodr. iii. 291; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 454: arborea; ramulis fuscis, striolatis, lenticellis sparse verruculosis; foliis majusculis, ovato-oblongis, imo rotundiusculis, et in petiolum brevissime constrictis, apiee obtusis, in aeumen bre- vissimum acutum repente attenuatis, crenulatis, margine revoluto punctato, char- faceis, supra viridibus, subopacis, nervis adscendentibus venisque reticulatis paulo | prominulis, costa imo crassiore sulcata, subtus fere concoloribus, valde opacis, costa . valida nervis flavidis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo validissimo, fusco, marginibus tenuibus involutis, limbo Splo breviore: racemo terminali, folio breviore; rachi validissima, angulato-sulcata, valde geniculata, longe nodosa, crebre lenticellata, sub- remotiflora : pedicellis validis, angulato-corrugulosis, imo bractea majuscula decidua oblongo-ovata crassa subsessili recurvata donatis; sepalis orbieularibus, concavis, submembranaceis, lenticellatis, pruinosis; petalis maximis, oblongis, subinzequalibus, concavis, roseis; ovario semiinfero, 4-loculari, ovulis numerosis affixis, vertice alte pulvinato, conice convexo, radiatim striato; stylo tereti, longiusculo: pyxidio majuseulo, turbinato-oblongo, supra medium zona calycari annulari prominente obsolete 6-loba ambitu subhexagona cincto; vitta interzonali introrsum sigmoideo- convexa, diametri 4tam partem alta ; zona superiore integra, inferiore dimidio angus- tiore; operculo vittæ altitudin e, pulvinatim convexo, apice umbonato, solido, cum columella crassa primum obconica dein acuta et profunde 4-sulcata continuo; peri- pio, crasso, obsoletissime 4-loculari : seminibus plurimis, magnis, oblongis, sub- oe magno carnoso suspensis ; nucleo eduli. In Guiana: v. pl. 8. spec. : : Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet); Guiana (Martin) : fruct. non vidi. “a wd tree, with a trunk 30 feet long; the axils of its stout branchlets are 2—11 in. in: Dig are 6-10 in. long, 23-4 in. broad, on a petiole 2-1 in. long, and with iei of divaricated nerves and others shorter intermediate, all anastomosed ards the margin ; the rachis of the raceme is 31-6 in. long, with projecting nodules = ZEN cic A A o A üz ——— — 220 MR. J. MIERS ON THE ۰ 2 lines long and 4-9 lines apart ; each nodule bears an articulated pedicel 4 lines long ; the reflected bract is 6 lines long, 3 lines broad ; the flower expanded is 45 in. in diam.; the sepals 5 lines in diam.; the petals 14-2 in. long, 1} in. broad; the androphorum $ in. broad, curving into a semiglobose summit, and 3 in. long; fertile stamens over disk upon truncated processes 14 line long, sterile processes on hood 4-6 lines long; the pyxidium (Plate LVII. fig. 1) is 6} in. long, calycary zone 5 in. in diam., its height from base 4 in. ; interzonary band 1 in. high; upper zone and operculum 3 in. in diam., 1$ in. high; mouth of upper zone contracted to 12 in.; depth of columella 34 in.; pericarp ¿ in. thick : the admeasurements from Aublet’s reduced figures are here restored to their proper size; seeds 12 in. long, 1 in. broad. The fruit is called in Cayenne Canari- macaque, or Monkey-pot. 28. LECYTHIS VARIOLATA, nob.: foliis ovatis, imo subrotundatis et subito in petiolum longiuseule productis, apice sensim obtusis, marginibus dentibus parvis sursum mueronatis serrulatis, subcoriaceis, supra leete viridibus, nervis subpaucis diver- gentibus venisque crebre reticulatis prominulis, costa subtus prominente; petiolo lato, subtenui, canaliculato, alte marginato, limbo 5plo breviore: floribus in axillis superioribus solitariis, flavis ; pedicellis validiusculis, subnutantibus, calyce 3plo longioribus, imo bracteola rotunda minima munitis; sepalis 6, rarius 7, obtusis, imo latioribus, expansis, extus convexis; petalis 6-7, duplo longioribus, rotun- datis, concavis, reflexis, membranaceis; ovario turbinato, ssepius 4- rarius 5-locu- lari, vertice subconcavo, radiatim striato, margine elevato et crenulato ; disco la- tiusculo; stylo brevissimo, umboniformi ; stigmate minute 4-lobo: pyxidio sub- spheerice turbinato, paullo supra medium zona calycari annulatim subprominula undulata ambitu obsolete hexangulari cincto ; vitta interzonali subconvexa, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, integra, quam calycari $ minore; oper- culo conformi, margine subacuto, subdepresse convexo, diametri 4tam partem alto, obsolete umbonato, cum columella primum truncata et faucem implente, 4-caver- nosa et dein subito obconica et 4-suleata; pericarpio obsolete 4-loculari, sub- erasso, leviter lignoso, pallide brunneo, opaco, grosse corrugato, areolis granulosis majusculis irregularibus impresso-variolato, vitta grosse torulosa; operculo foveis minoribus variolato; seminibus plurimis, oblongis, costatis, funieulis carnosis fere e quimagnis suspensis. In Brasilia, Rio Janeiro, in Monte Corcovado et vicinis, in sylvis primzevis : v. pl. s. et fruct. Tejuca (Bennett), Rio Macacú (Coz). Specimens of the flowers preserved in spirits, and of the seeds and funicles in the same manner, as well as the dried fruits, were sent to me by Mr. Bennett. I have obtained several other specimens of the fruit from other localities within the province. The leaves a 15-24 in. long, 14-2 in. wide, on a broad channelled petiole 3-4 lines long, and have ‘ pairs of divergent nerves arcuately conjoined: the solitary pedicel is very thick. gradually incrassated, 4 lines long; the calyx expanded 8 lines across, the sepals 3 lines | long, 24 lines broad at base; the petals.6 lines long, 5 lines broad; the androphorum large, the head is 12 lines long and 9 lines broad, its imbricated subulated appendages 4-5 lines long, mostly antheriferous. The inflorescence is described from specimens MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 221 preserved in spirit; the fruit in sections, with the seeds suspended from their large funieles, was sent preserved in the same manner. The pyxidium, of a pale fawn-colour (Plate LVII. fig. 4), is 51-6 in. long; the calycary zone, 3 in. above the base, is 6-61 in, indiam.; the interzonary band is 13 in. high; the upper zone 3% in. broad, its inner mouth 3 in. in diam. and $ in. below the zone; the operculum 33 in. broad, ¿ in. high; the eolumella, filling the mouth, flatly truncated beneath, is suddenly contracted into a narrowish suleated cone, descending halfway into the main cell; the pericarp is 2 in. thick at the sides, and 1 in. at the base; the seeds are 14-13 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, suspended on a yellowish fleshy funicle 1-12 in. long, £ in. broad. 2). LECYTHIS MINOR, Jacq. (non Vell) Amer. i. p. 168, tab. 109; edit. 8vo, p. 210; DC. Prodr. iii. 294; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 452: ramulis tenuibus, brunneis, sub- flexuosis, angulato-striatis, glabris ; foliis longe ellipticis, imo obtusis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice longiuscule et acute attenuatis, erebre serrulatis, submem- branaceis, leete viridibus, utrinque concoloribus, nervis tenuibus supra subimmersis, subtus costaque paullo prominulis; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, tenuiter marginato, limbo 16plo breviore : racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi Crassiuseula, crebriflora ; floribus majusculis, odoratis, albis ; pedicellis brevissimis, crassis ; sepalis subparvis, rotundato-ovatis, patentibus; petalis anguste oblongis, planis, subinzequalibus; ovario subinfero, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis, radiantibus, vertice depresse convexo; stylo brevi, conico, erasso: pyxidio subgloboso, minore, imo hemispheerico, paullo supra medium zona calycari angulato-annulari sub-6-lobata prominente eincto, lobis tumidis ; vitta interzonali latiuscula, subconvexa, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore integra, quam calycari minore; operculo pulvi- natim convexo, solido, subtus late truncato, cum columella breviter cuneata 4-sulcata adnato ; periearpio crassiusculo, sublignoso, extus scrobiculatim rugoso, disse- Pimentis 4 fere evanidis ; seminibus 6-8, oblongis, angulato-costatis, amaris. In Nova Granada ad Cartagena (Jacquin): v. pl. s. in hb. Hook. (hort. cult. sine flore) ; v. fr. 8. in Mus. Kew., Cartagena (Archer) ; in Mus. meo, Costa Rica. À handsome tree, 60 feet high, growing in woods; its branchlets are slender, with axils m in. apart; the leaves are 6 in. long, 2-22 in. broad, on a petiole 13-2 lines long, im about 15 pairs of nerves and reticulated veins. Jacquin states that the raceme E 3 in. long, with a stout straight rachis : the Kew specimen has no inflorescence : the "i a E almost sessile; the sepals are 2 lines long; the petals 1 in. long, > in. broad ; ue sd of the ligula of the androphorum and the basal ring are staminiferous ; m 5100096 head is densely filled inside with echinated appendages, perhaps sterile, _ "ih the anthers fallen off. The pyxidium (Plate XLIII. fig. 3) is 3 in. high, 3 in. in t ۸9 idem the prominent calycary zone, which is annular, with 6 obtuse knobs ; its ; r 18 24 In, below the calycary zone, which is 14 in. above the base ; the interzonary es high; the upper zone and the opercular opening are 2% in. in diam. ; m, of the same breadth, is flatly convex, 8 lines high ; the pericarp is 3 lines p are lin. long, 1 in, broad. = wm 292 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. The fruits are said to be collected in large quantities on the Rio Magdalena, and exported from Cartagena for the purposes of tanning. 30. LECYTHIS ELLIPTICA, H. B. K. vii. 259; DC. Prodr. iii. 329; Berg, Linn. xxvii. 449; Gustavia dubia, Berg, l. c. 446 : ramulis pallide brunneis, opacis, ochraceo-pruinosis, tenuissime striolatis; foliis oblongis, imo rotundiusculis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, aut ibi seepe obsolete cordatis, apice latiuscule obtusis, et interdum subito breviter apiculatis, marginibus vix revolutis, crenato-subserrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, sub lente minute granulatis, nervis tenuibus patenter diver- gentibus semiimmersis, reticulatim venosis, costa tenui pruinosa, plana, imo dilatata et canaliculata, subtus pallide opacis, costa striolata pruinosa nervis venisque paullo prominulis, petiolo supra plano, dilatato, late marginato, subtus pruinoso, limbo 16-18plo breviore: panicula terminali, folio breviore, ramis paucis, brevibus, paten- tibus; rachi angulosa, opaca, nodis alternis et subapproximatis florigeris; pedicellis validis, brevissimis; sepalis subovatis, crassiusculis, expansis, extus carinatis et pallide pruinosis, marginibus membranaceis pectinato-denticulatis ; petalis obovato- oblongis, obtusis, crassiusculis ; ovario semiinfero, subsulcato, 4-loculari, vertice vix elevato subpulvinato radiatim striato; stylo sepalis breviore, subtereti, obtuso: pyxidio subparvo, cupulari, sub medium angustiore rotundato, 6-sulcato, medium versus zona calycari prominente annulari ambitu 6-lobata cincto, lobis tumidis; vitta interzonali convexa et sensim acelivi, apiee introrsum convexa, diametri dimidio altitudine; zona superiori latissime circulari, ore suberecto; operculo ignoto: pericarpio pallide brunneo, imo crassissimo, lateribus tenuioribus, coriaceo- lignoso, minute granuloso et impresse varioloso, obsolete 4-loculari; seminibus oblongis, rufo-brunneis, leviter costatis. In Nova Granada, ad Morales, prope Rio Magdalena: v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., prope Santa Marta (Purdie, 51); prope Car- tagena (Purdie, 624) ; in hb, Hanbury (Purdie); v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew., Rio Mag- dalena (Purdie). | This plant agrees well with Kunth's description of Bonpland's specimen from the same locality, and is said to be a wide-spreading shrub, 4-6 feet high, but sometimes a large tree 40 feet high, common in the swamps of the Magdalena. The leaves are 61-02 in. long, 25-34 in. broad, on a petiole 4-5 lines long, and having about 16 pairs of nerves, with others intermediate shorter, all archingly connected near the margins. The raceme is 8-12 in. long, with prominent nodes 3 lines apart, thick pedicels 2 lines long ; sepals 23 lines long, 12 line broad; petals 15 lines long, 7 lines broad; the pyxidium (Plate LI. fig. 2) at its basal portion is 3 in. in diam., 14 in. high, above which the calycary zone suddenly expands to a diam. of 4 in. ; the interzonary band is 1} in. high, 3} in. in diam. ; upper zone 2} in. in diam. ; the pericarp, 3 in. thick below, 4 lines thick on the sides, is 2 in. deep, and 23 in. in diam. inside, Dr. Berg (in Linn. xxvii. pp. 446 & 449) doubted the propriety of retaining this species ; but the excellent speeimens of Purdie prove the correctness of Kunth's diagnosis. OON M Esc MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 228 31. LECYTHIS DUBIA, H. B. K. (non Berg), n. gen. vii. 259; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 460 et 446 : foliis oblongis, imo anguste cuneatis, apice acuminatis, basin versus integris, medio obsolete et obtuse dentatis, subcoriaceis, glabris, supra nervosis et reticulatis, subtus costa nervisque prominentibus; petiolo semitereti, glabro, limbo 12plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota; pedunculo fructifero longiusculo, glabro: pyxidio subparvo, subpoculiformi, imo rotundato et profunde 6-suleato, paullo supra basin zona calycari prominente annulato ambitu 6-gono cincto, cum lobis 6, tumidis, sub- reflexis; vitta interzonali cylindrica, levi, diametrum fere alta; zona superiore oper- euloque orbicularibus et integris; operculo depresse pulvinato, diametri sextam partem alto, subtus columella aucto, hac primum faucem implente, dein repente conica et profunde 4-sulcata; pericarpio 4-loculari, pallide brunneo, imo crasso, latere tenuiore, leviter lignoso, extus lacunis plurimis rubellis variolato; seminibus 8, — oblongis, rufo-brunneis, leviter costatis. In Nova Granada ad Rio Magdalena, ubi legit plantam Bonpland (pl. non vidi): fructus vidi in Mus. Kew., Rio Magdalena (Purdie). The incomplete specimen brought home by Bonpland is said by Kunth to consist only of a single leaf and an immature fruit in a decayed state; the leaf is 10-11 in. long: 33 in. broad, on a petiole 94 lines long; the peduncle (or rather part of the rachis of mme ?) is I} in. long. In the Kew Museum, accompanying the pyxidium of L. ellip- lica, is another fruit, evidently belonging to a distinct species. The characters of that plant and those of the above show they are nearly allied, though very different species. The fruit of L. elliptica is well identified by Purdie's specimen ; and I think we may safely refer the other fruit (Plate LI. fig. 3) to the species under consideration; and I have therefore added the particulars of it to Kunth's diagnosis. It is 22 in. long, the basal portion } in. high; the calycary zone, immediately above this, is 3j in. in diam.; the onary band is nearly erect, and 14 in. high; the upper zone and operculum are «i in. in diam., the latter } in. high, its columella fills the mouth, descending below in a conical form, deeply channelled; the pericarp is £ in. thick at its base, 2 in. thick at the r i the seeds are 14 in. long, + in. broad. uo species was confounded by Dr. Berg with another specimen in rium, as related by me under Gustavia dubia (ante, ۰ 179). the Berlin her- parvo, imo exacte globoso, obsolete 6-loba diametri 4tam operculo 32. LECYTHIS PILARIS, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio sub paullo supra medium zona lineari vix prominente sursum acutiuscula ambitu fere circulari eincto; vitta interzonali acelivi, paullo convexa, | partem alta; zona superiore integra circulari, quam calycari angustiore ; ; ignoto; pericarpio crassissimo, dense lignoso, cortice Crasso brunneo, opaco, d culatim rimoso, obsolete 4-loculari. In Brasilia: v. 8- fr. in Mus. Fry. (Rio de Janeiro). In shape this fruit (Pl. XLIT. fig. 3) much resembles that of L. Pohlii, but is nearly 4 Of its size. Without the operculum, the pyxidium is 9 in. high, and 28 broad below the Yeary zone, which is 14 in. above the base, and 24 in. in diam. the e band 224 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. is ğ in. high; the upper zone is 13 in. in diam., its inner mouth contracted to 1 in.; the lip 4 in. broad; the internal depth below the upper zone is 12 in., its internal diam. 1j in. 33. LECYTHIS CUPULARIS, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio subparvo, imo hemispheerico, medio extrorsum subcurvato, supra medium zona calycari valde prominente annulari sub-6-loba cincto, lobis tumidis, margine acutis, supra planis, subtus convexis; vitta interzonali brevi, erectiuscula, subconvexa, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore integra, circulari; operculo ignoto; pericarpio haud crasso, spongioso- lignoso, cortice areolatim rimoso, ochraceo-brunneo, granulatim scrobiculato, obsolete 4-loculari, orificio verticali. In Brasilia Amazonica: v. s. in Mus. Kew., vernac. “ Monkey's Stewpan” (sine altera indicatione). The above pyxidium (Plate XLIX. fig. 2) somewhat resembles that of L. levicula, but it is more globose, with a narrower erect interzonary band, a more acute calycary zone, and an erect mouth; it is 2 in. long from the base to the upper zone; calycary zone 1} in. above base and 3 in. in diam. ; interzonary band scarcely $ in. high; upper zone 2 in. in diam,, with an erect inner mouth; pericarp + in. thick, depth of cell 12 in., its inside diam. 2 in., showing the traces of 4 dissepiments ; externally it is not tuberculate, but subsmooth or finely granular, with a thin bark cracking into angular areoles, 34. LECYTHIS LAVICULA, nob.: planta ignota; pyxidio parvo, subgloboso, imo hemi- spheerico, medio extrorsum curvato, supra medium zona calycari annulari prominente obsolete 6-loba ambitu subhexagona cineto, lobis subtumidis ; vitta interzonali convexe acclivi, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore circulari integra subminore ; operculo ignoto; pericarpio suberasso, coriaceo-lignoso, levi, pallide brunneo aut cinereo, indistincte tuberculato et minutissime granulato, obsolete 4-loculari. In Guiana Brit. : v. s. in Mus. Kew., Demerara (Parker). The pyxidium is small (Plate XLIX. fig. 3), only 2} in. long from the base to the upper zone, which is 2 in. broad ; the calycary zone, 13 in. above the base, is 22 in. in diam.; the interzonary band 4 in. high; the very light pericarp is 3-4 lines thick; the depth of inner cavity below the upper zone is 2 in., its internal diam. 2 in., the con- tracted mouth being 1۶ in. broad. 35. LECYTHIS PLATYZONE, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. Z. c. p. 485: planta ignota: pyxidio sub- globoso, imo turbinato et anguste truncato; supra medium zona calycari obsolete lobata et undulatim lineata margine acuto sursum spectante cincto; vitta inter- zonali apice obtuse acelivi, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, integra, ore contracto; operculo ignoto; pericarpio crassiusculo, suberoso-lignoso, extus exasperato, intus obsolete 4-loculari. In prov. Rio de Janeiro : non vidi. The pyxidium of this species (Plate LII. fig. 2) differs from that of Z. pilaris in its somewhat larger size, in being turbinate below, and in having a narrower interzonary band, in its thinner and more coriaceous substance, and its scrobiculately rugose (exas- perate) surface. Itis 3 in. long from the base to the upper zone, 3% in. broad in the MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 225 middle; the calycary zone is 23 in. above the base; the interzonary band is + in. high; the upper zone is 2 in. in diameter, contracted at the mouth in a channelled acutelip. A species near L. pilaris; but why it is called platyzone it is difficult to see. 36. LECYTHIS LONGIFOLIA, H. B. K. vii. 260; DC. Prodr. iii. 291; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 452: racemis teretiusculis, tenuissime canescenti-hirtellis; foliis sparsis, lanceolatis, imo acutis, apice acuminatis, conduplicatis, marginibus obsolete et remote dentatis, subcoriaceis, glabris, nervis parallele divergentibus, venis reticulatis, subtus costa nervisque prominentibus; petiolo subtereti, limbo 16-20plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota; floribus pedicellatis, pedicello glabro. In Venezuela, prov. Caraccas, in Aragua, ad ripam fluv. Orinoci, legit Humboldt: non vidi. A tree seen by Humboldt and Bonpland, who collected an incomplete specimen, without inflorescence, with a single mutilated flower. It is called by the natives Coco de Mono (Monkey-pot), and is therefore most probably a true Lecythis; but Berg, without any assigned reason, doubts this, and, with some hesitation, refers it to Gustavia. The leaves are 8-10 in. long, 22-26 lines broad, on a petiole 4 in. long; the pedicel is nearly an inch long. The species seems near L. Zabucayo, Aubl. | 37. LECYTHIS INTEGRIFOLIA, R. & P., Syst. Fl. Per. 8vo vol. ined. p. 529: ramulis teneris, teretibus, brunneis, opacis, striatis, lenticellatis; foliis elongato-oblongis, imo rotundatis vel obtusis, apice in acumen acutum subbreve subito constrictis, marginibus tenuibus integris, vel obsolete crenatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra planis, lete viridibus, opacis, nervis paucis tenuissimis semiimmersis, divergentibus et longe adscendentibus, valde reticulatis, subtus brunnescentibus, opacis, costa tenui nervis venisque flavidis prominentibus; petiolo tenui, marginibus valde involutis, limbo 15-18plo breviore. In Ecuador: v.s. in herb. Hook. Guayaquil (Pavon), ex hb. Limens. a Mathewsio acquisitam (sine flore). ! Mathews quotes this species as described in p. 529 of the Syst. of Ruiz and Pavon, I" one of the unfinished volumes, which I have not seen, as the last published does not extend beyond p.455. He sent a specimen of the plant, without flowers, to Sir Wm. Hooker, obtained from the Pavonian herbarium in Lima, from which the above diagnosis 's obtained. The axils of its slender branchlets are 2-1 in. apart; the leaves are 5-8 1n. Ys 8 2-24 in. br oad, on a petiole 4-5 lines long, and they have about 6 pairs of nerves, With other shorter and intermediate ones, all anastomosed. We do not, therefore, know Dr certain that this plant is a true Lecythis; it bears more the appearance of an Eschweilera, | 93. Lecrrars LANGSDORFFIT, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l. €. ۰ 615: ramulis angulato- Sulcatis, rimosis ; foliis oblongis, vel elliptico-oblongis, imo complicatis ev m nm lum breviter attenuatis, RE in acumen breve recurvum abrupte constrictis, sub- integris, vel ad marginem subrevolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, chartaceis, Supra luride viridibus, valde opacis, ad nervos impressos sulcatis, venis crebre reti- Culatis immersis, subtus spadiceo-brunneis, valde opacis, subpulverulentis, costa ' 226 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. prominente, nervis venisque prominulis, petiolo sulcato crenulatim marginato, limbo 14plo breviore: racemis terminalibus, folio dimidio brevioribus; rachi angu- lata, verrueosa ; pedicellis brevibus, recurvis, angulatis, rugulosis, pilosulis; sepalis oblongis, subacutis, insequalibus, margine membranaceis, apice ciliolatis, maculatis, parallele striatis, breviter sparse et adpresse pilosulis; petalis obovatis, albis, mem- branaceis; ovario infero, hexagone turbinato, ruguloso, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis ab axi 3-seriatim radiantibus, vertice intra discum subconcavo, radiatim striato, medio conice elevato; stylo tereti, subincurvo; stigmate parvo, sub-4-lobo, albo. In Amazonas: v. 8. in herb. Hook., San José, Rio Negro (Riedel, 1450). This plant quite agrees with the characters assigned to this species by Berg, although, in evident forgetfulness, the name of ** Lecythis Riedelianum teste Berg " was written by Riedel on the specimen, the latter being a species of Eschweilera. It is a tree 20 feet high, found by Riedel at the fort, Marabitana, S. José, opposite the confluence of the rivers Negro and Casiquiare, on the confines of Brazil and Venezuela; its leaves are 3-5 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, on petioles 3-6 lines long, and have about 12 pairs of nerves; the rachis of the terminal raceme is 3} in. long, with flowers about 3 lines apart; the pedicels are 14 line long; the sepals 2 lines long, 1 line broad; the rounded petals 6-8 lines long, 4 lines broad; the androphorum has a very convex semiglobose head lacinu- lated and incurved at the margin, densely charged inside with shortish appendages, most of which are antheriferous. 39. Lecvruis Martini, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. p. 616: ramulis teneris, verruculosis ; foliis oblongis, vel ovali-oblongis, imo obtusatis et breviter acutis, apice recurvato- acuminatis, subintegris, vel ad marginem e punctis fuscis obsolete serrulatis, char- taceis, nervis patulis, marginem versus adscendentibus et arcuatim nexis, cum aliis brevibus interjectis, costa carinata, flexuosa, prominente, subtus costa incrassata prominente ; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 6—7plo breviore : racemis axillaribus, vel plu- ribus congestis et terminalibus, folio brevioribus ; rachi gracili, angulata, pruinosa ; bracteis oblongis, deciduis; pedicellis recurvatis et verrucoso-torosis ; sepalis quam his longioribus, insequalibus, pruinosis, oblongis, obtusis, carinatis ; ovario semiinfero, 4-loculari, loculis pluriovulatis, vertice convexo ; stylo longiusculo. In Cayenne (Martin) : non vidi. Berg states that this species is near .L. corrugata, Poit.; but as its ovary is 4-locular, this position cannot be accepted: it is also said to be near Z. salebrosa, Berg, differing in its leaves being obtuse at base, in the smooth vertex of its ovary, and oblong sepals ; the leaves are 3-5 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, on a petiole 6-7 lines long ; rachis of raceme 13-2} in. long; bracts 2 lines long; pedicels 3 lines long; sepals 3 lines long, 13-2 lines broad. 10. LecYTHIS RUBICUNDA, nob.: ramulis pallide brunneis vel griseo-opacis, striolatis, lenticellis verruculosis ; foliis ovatis, vel oblongis, imo obtusis, et in petiolum breviter ac subito acutioribus, apice in acumen acutum, aut obtusulum, subrecurvum repente A RR OR MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 227 attenuatis, subintegris, vel margine tenui vix revoluto leviter crenato-serrulatis, rigide chartaceis, supra opacis, sub lente minute granulosis; nervis adscendenter divaricatis, vix prominulis, costa tenui, subtus rubescentibus, opacis, costa valida striata, nervis venisque areolatim reticulatis prominentibus, petiolo fusco, tereti, subcanaliculato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 12-17plo breviore: panicula e racemis 3-4 approximatis, axillari vel terminali ; rachi subflexuosa, folio breviore, angulato- suleata, fusca, granulatim pruinosa, subapproximatim nodosa; floribus ad nodos articulatis; pedicellis sepalis dimidio brevioribus, sspe recurvulis, subtenuibus, verruculosis ; sepalis elongato-oblongis, intus concavis, extus subcarinatis, gibbosis et torulosis, opacis, margine membranaceo-crenulatis; petalis ovatis, unguiculatis ; ovario infero, extus verruculoso, 4-loculari, ovulis paucis, paululo sub apicem axi suspensis, vertice concavo, radiatim striato; stylo longiusculo, subincurvo. In Guiana Batava: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Guiana (Martin) ; in herb. Hook., Surinam (Hostman, 1260). This is a tree with white flowers. The species differs from L. Martini in its leaves being double their size, and upon shorter petioles, in a paniculate raceme double the length, and with a stouter rachis. The axils of its branchlets are 13-23 in. apart; its leaves are 3-8] in. long, 13-3 in. broad, on a petiole 3-5 lines long, and they have 12-14 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing ; the panicle or raceme is 2-33 in. long; the pedicels 1 line long; the sepals 2 lines long; the petals 7 lines long, ?-4lines broad ; androphorum 9 lines in diam. 1l. LECYTHIS SETIFERA, nob.: ramulis tenuibus dichotomis; foliis suborbiculatis, imo petiolum versus abrupte acutis, apice in acumen lineare subito constrictis, mem- branaceis, dentieulatis, dentibus setiferis, supra viridibus, opacis, subtus vix palli- dioribus, opacis, costa nervisque tenuibus paullo prominulis; petiolo tenui, subcana- liculato, limbo quintuplo breviore: floribus axillaribus, solitariis; pedicello sepalis paullo longiore ; sepalis obtuse ovatis, expansis ; petalis triplo longioribus, oblongis; . androphori appendieulis longiusculis, fere omnibus antheriferis; ovario infero, tur- binato, 4-loculari, vertice vix elevato, radiatim striato ; stylo brevi obtuso. In Brasilia: o. s. in herb. Hook., Rio de Janeiro (Glasiou). À very distinct species, remarkable for the setiferous teeth of its leaves; the axils tes are 7-1 in. apart; the leaves are 13-24 in. long, 13-2 in. broad 3 lines 9 their suddenly acute point 3 in. in length, and 13-2 lines broad), on petioles ong. The pedicels are 4 lines long, each bearing a single flower; the calyx panded is 9 lines in diameter; the sepals 2 lines long, 3 lines broad at the base; the "nlla expanded is 1} in. across; the androphorum 9 lines wide. , á Species non satis nota. ; Bs SUBBIFLORA, R. & P. Fl. Per. iv. tab. 461, ined. ; Don, Dict. ii. 873: foliis "8o-lanceolatis, acuminatis, integris, petiolatis ; pedicellis seepius binis, 1-floris ; petalis obtusis, Peru (non vidi). 228 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEZ. Of this plant nothing more is known, the drawing of Ruiz and Pavon not being accessible in this country; it is therefore impossible to say to which genus this species should be referred. Species ۰ Lecythis acuminatissima, Berg ~ . = Eschweilera acuminatissima *. —— albiflora, DC. . . . . . . = Eschweilera albiflora *. —— amara, Aubl. . . . . . . = Ohytroma amara *. angustifolia, Berg . . . . . = Eschweilera angustifolia, Mart.‏ سس basizone, Berg . e. + + = Chytroma idatimon *.‏ سس Blanchetiana, Berg . + + + = Eschweilera Blanchetiana *.‏ سس — bracteata, Willd. . . . . .' = Couroupita Guianensis, Aubl. — bracteosa, Pópp., ue . . „. = Eschweilera bracteosa *. chartacea, Berg . . « +. +. = Chytroma chartacea *.‏ سس — compressa, Vell. . . . . . = Eschweilera compressa *. —— cordata, Berg . . . . . . = Eschweilera cordata *. coriacea, DC. . . . . . . = Jugastrum coriaceum *,‏ سس corrugata, Poir.. . . . . . = Eschweilera corrugata *.‏ سس — elegans, Berg . . . . . . = Eschweilera elegans *. — fagifolia, Berg . . = Allantoma fagifolia *. —— grandiflora, Benth. ( non à Anbl ) = Lecythis venusta *, grandifolia, Berg . . . . . = Chytroma grandifolia *.‏ سس —— idatimon, Aubl. . . . . . = Chytroma idatimon *. idatimonoides, Berg . . . . = Eschweilera idatimonoides *. —— levifolia, Griseb. . . . « = Eschweilera levifolia *. —— lanceolata, Berg (non Poir.). . = Lecythis biserrata ۰ longipes, Poit. . . - + . = Eschweilera longipes *.‏ سس — longipes, Benth. (non Poit ). . = Eschweilera lutea *. — longipes, DO., var. platycarpa . = Eschweilera platycarpa *. i —— Luschnattii, Berg . . . . . = Eschweilera Luschnattiana *. = O, EN . - . . . . .. rz Bechwelles lutea *. —— macrophylla, Berg . . . . . = Eschweilera macrophylla *. — Morawyentie, Beg... . = Chytroma Marawyensis *. = Martiano, Berg. . . .-. . == Oouratari Martians *. — micrantha, Berg . - + +. = Eschweilera micrantha *. — minor, Vell. (non J T ). . . =Lecythis tuberculata *. — monosperma, P. 7 — Chytroma monosperma *. —— multiflora, Smith ۰ « « . , = Allantoma multiflora *. —— nana, Berg . . = Eschweilera nana *. icaraguensis, Mos & in . = Couroupita Nicaraguensis, DC. kms "etiem - + . . = Eschweilera obversa *. we Popp: 7. S. D Vo Rud odora *. —— odoratissima, Balam. * . . . = Eschweilera Blanchetiana. ine MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 239 Vello... vom Lecythis Velloziana *.‏ منوت —— ollaria, Sald. . . . . . . = Lecythis biserrata *. —— ollaria, Hook. . . . . . . = Lecythis usitata *. ovalifolia, DC. . . . . . . = Chytroma ovalifolia *.‏ سس ovata, Camb. . . . . . . = Eschweilera ovata, Mart.‏ —— ovata, Berg, var. acuminata . = Eschweilera acuminata *. —— ovata, Berg, var. laurifolia . . = Eschweilera laurifolia *. —— ovata, Berg, var. obscura . . = Eschweilera gracilis *. —— ovata, Berg, var. ovalifolia . . = Eschweilera Blanchetiana *, —— pachysepala, Spruce et Berg . = Eschweilera pachysepala *. _—pameulata, Berg . . . . = Eschweilera paniculata *. —— parviflora, Aubl. . . . . . = Eschweilera parviflora *. — parviflora, agot . . . . . = Eschwellera Sagotiana *. — parvifolia, Mart. . . . . . = Eschweilera parvifolia *. —— pedicellaris, DC. . . . . . = Eschweilera verruculosa *. — pilosa, Popp.. . . . . . . = Eschweilera pilosa *. —— platycarpa, Poit. . . . . . = Eschweilera platycarpa *. —— Poiteaui, OT Vv wy. ugastrum Poiteaui *, —— retusa, Spr. et Berg. . . . „ = Chytroma retusa *. Riedelii, Berg . . . . . . = Eschweilera Riedelii *.‏ سس rorida, Spr. & Berg. . . . st Obhyttoma roridó *.‏ —— —— rosea, Berg . . . . . , , = Chytroma rosea *. —— salebrosa, Berg . , . . , = Ohytroma salebrosa *. —— schomburgkiana, Berg . . , = Chytroma Schomburgkiana *. —— Siberiana, Berg. . . . . . = Eschweilera Siberiana *. —— Spruceana, Berg . . . , , -Ohytroma Spruceana *. —— subglandulosa, Berg . . , . = Eschweilera subglandulosa *. — tenaz, Moritz & Berg. . . , = Eschweilera tenax ®. —— Zenuifolia, Berg DM _ „ = Eschweilera tenuifolia *. —— turbinata, Berg. . . , . , = Chytroma turbinata *. ~ verruculosa, Berg . . . „ . = Eschweilera verruculosa. EAN Wullfschlegelii, Berg _ == Eschweilera macrophylla *. ——- Zabucayo, Hook. & S an = Lecythis usitata *. Mahi ) pruce (non yt The à; 5. CHYTROMA. (Plate XXXIV. B.) it on] differences between this genus and Lecythis having been amply described in p. 164, y remains to give the following diagnosis :— | E a ey this, in parte, auct, Calyz adnatus, limbo in sepala 6-8 diviso. Petala 6-8, multo > «eps inzequalia, valde imbricata, unguibus inter discum et androphorum agglutinatis. An- Vertice į ut m Lecythide, sed galeze appendicule ananthere. Ovarium semiinferum, turbinatum, E ag nen planum elevato, 4-loculare ; ovula in quoque loculo pauca, sessilia, e gs ib H ۰ ۰ " Vor, Re stylus brevissimus » obtusus; stigma minimum, subglobosum, cur ud yzidiun 230 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEZ. mediocre, vel parvum, turbinatum, supra vel circa medium zona calycari sublineari cinctum ; vittu interzonali altitudine varia; zona superiore orbiculari; operculo circulari, mox solubili et deciduo, supra convexo et spe umbonato, subtus valde concavo, sine columellz vestigio, dissepimentis sub. membranaceis intus signato, cum velario intra marginem prope faucem paullo descendente munito ; pericarpio (operculoque) subtenuiter coriaceo, 4-loculari, dissepimentis membranaceis, sepe persis- tentibus. Semina in quoque loculo 1-3, sicca, ovata, rarius per pressionem obtuse angulata, utrinque rotundata, levia, erecta, hilo majusculo basali affixa: testa crustacea (spe arillo mucilaginoso tecta ?), raphe ab hilo ad apicem faciei ventrali adscendente, valde compressa et loriformi, lateribus liberis, nervo longitudinali solummodo ad testam adheesa, cum ramis aliis longitudinalibus, seepe furcatis, elevatis signata; integumentum internum membranaceum ; embryo conformis, exalbuminosus, homo- geneus, fuscus, cereo-carnosus, amarus, neorhiza interna exorhiza externa undique cincta sistens - (cotyledonibus nullis visibilibus). ` Arbores frondose Americe Meridionalis, habitu Lecythidis. ۲ 1, CHYTROMA SCHOMBURGKIANA, nob.: Lecythis Schomburgkii Berg, in Linn. xxvii. 456: ramulis cinereo-brunneis, rugulosis, interrupte striato-sulcatis, cortice subtrans- versim rimoso, pruinosis, obsolete verruculosis; foliis ovatis, utrinque rotundatis, sepe in acumen brevissimum abrupte canaliculatim recurvatis, rigide chartaceis, marginibus cartilagineis revolutis, integerrimis, supra lete vel pallide viridibus, levibus, subopacis, nervis tenuibus subimmersis, sub lente creberrime foveolato- reticulatis, costa subprominula, subtus pallidioribus, opacis, costa nervisque pro- minulis ; petiolo superne plano, marginato, limbo 10-12plo breviore : racemis axilla- ribus et terminalibus, folio sub:equilongis, aut simplicibus vel pluribus congestis ; pedicellis recurvis, alabastro brevioribus, sulcatis, pruinosis ; sepalis obtuse oblongis, extus granulosis, carinatis, pruinosis, marginibus late membranaceis, ciliolatis ; petalis insequalibus, obovato-oblongis, apice rotundatis, membranaceis ; ovario in- fero, turbinato, granuloso, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 3, e basi erectis, vertice intra diseum valde concavo, radiatim striato; stylo tereti, sepalis dimidio breviore; stigmate parvo, papilloso : pyxidio cylindrico, subovato, longe supra medium zona calycari e sepalis dilatatis adpressis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali subangusta, fere verticali, diametri 5tam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, integra ; operculo pulvinato valde depresso, superne late concavo, subtus concavo et 4-septato, sine columella, cum velario intra faucem longius dependente, 4-loculari, dissepimentis membranaceis, persistentibus, loculis sequalibus, singulis 2-spermis; pericarpio ligneo- coriaceo, non crasso, rufescenti-brunneo, areolis pallidis impressis granulosis macu- lato; seminibus ovatis, angulato-compressis, imo erectim affixis, collateralibus, fusco- brunneis, raphe loriformi ad angulum ventralem ab hilo basali majusculo ad apicem adscendente dehine iterum in ramis elevatis descendentibus signato; testa crassa, coriacea, embryone immaturo submareido, corrugato. In Guiana Brit.: v. pl. s. in herb. variis, Guiana (Schomb. 458, 792); v. fr. sicc. in Mus. Kew. (Schomb.). The above fruit is marked “ Schomburgk ” in Mr. Bentham's handwriting; and I have no hesitation in referring it to this species rather than to Schomburgk’s other Guiana specimen (C. chartacea), because of the peeuliar hollow summit of the oper- culum, which agrees in this respect with the hollow vertex of the ovarium, quite an MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. NL unusual occurrence. Berg states that the ovary is 3-celled, probably a typographical error, as I have found it constantly 4-celled, with erect ovules. The axils of the branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 22-37 in. long, 12-2 in. broad, on a petiole 3 lines long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate; the rachis of the raceme is 2-23 in. long, with prominent nodes 2-3 lines apart; pedicels 1 line; sepals lines long, 13 line broad; larger petals 9 lines long, 6 lines broad; androphorum 6‏ و lines in diam. ; the pyxidium (Plate LVIIL. figs. 1 & 2), of a humming-top shape, is 22 in. long, 2} in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 12 in. above the base, and is formed of the almost unchanged sepals united by a line; the interzonal band is 5 lines high; the upper entire zone is 2 in. in diam.; the pulvinate opereulum, of similar diameter, is 4 lines high, is broadly concave above, concave and septate beneath, with a velarium descending 4 lines within the mouth; the pericarp is 23 lines thick, is divided by thin membranaceous dissepiments, continuous with those of the operculum, subsequently ruptured to allow the escape of the seeds. This contains 8 erect seeds, which are immature, erect and shrivelled. 2. CHYTROMA CHARTACEA, nob.: Lecythis chartacea, Berg in Linn. xxvii. 450: ramulis teretibus, opace vel glauco-brunneis, interrupte striatis; foliis ovatis, imo rotundatis et in petiolo late decurrentibus, apice in acumen breve obtusulum vel acutum canaliculatim recurvum repente constrictis, integris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum punctis fuscis obsolete crenulato-serrulatis, chartaceis, supra subopacis, nervis tenuibus, patule divaricatis, paullo prominulis, valde reticulatis, subtus palli- ‘dioribus, brunnescentibus, opacis, costa prominente, nervis venisque prominulis ; petiolo subtenui, late sulcato, marginato, limbo 12plo breviore: paniculis termina- libus et axillaribus, pauciramosis, aut racemis axillaribus folio brevioribus; rachi angulata, flexuosa, nodosa, 6-12-flora; pedicellis brevibus; sepalis oblongo-ovatis, subimbricatis, fuscis, extus punctis minutis albidis scabridulis, margine membra- naceo ciliolatis ; petalis ovatis, concavis, rubris, marginibus fimbriato-ciliatis ; andro- phoro globoso, luteo ; ovario semiinfero, pilis brevissimis scabridulo, distincte 4-lo- culari, ovulis in quoque loculo pluribus, e basi erectis et radiantibus, vertice conico, striato; stylo subbrevi. In Guiana Brit. : v. s. in herb. Hook., Pomeroon (Schomb. 191, 1432). | = amg certainly congeneric with C. Schomburgkianum, from which it ae its its red ۹ leaves, ita scabridulous sepals with a narrower membranaceous bor in apart ae » and conical vertex of the ovary. The axils of its branchlets are x din have about EB o. 2-4 in. long, 14-21 in. broad, on a petiole 2-4 lines > ; A i oig Een of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate ; the in 2 0 9 lines lon ie "n long, the pedicels 4 line long, the sepals 2 lines long, the pe E lower in bud 4-5 lines in diameter. 3. CHYTRoOMA fig. 1-4 AMARA, nob.: Lecythis amara, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. 718, tab. 286-285 a, DC. Prodr. iii. 299 ; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 453: ramulis teretibus, fusco- | > 2H 2 { \ x 232 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE.E. brunneis, opacis, lenticellis flavidis verruculosis, striatis; foliis elongato-oblongis, vel ellipticis, imo obtusis et subito acutatis, apice in acumen acutum constrictis, sub- integris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum obsoletissime serrulatis, sub- coriaceis, supra sublucentibus, nervis tenuibus subimmersis patule divaricatis, venis creberrime reticulatis, ad costam prominulam suleatis, subtus pallidioribus, seepe rubentibus, nervis venisque favoso-reticulatis prominulis, costa validiore prominente ; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, marginato, subruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis terminalibus, seepe axillaribus, folio multo brevioribus; rachi ferrugineo-pruinosa, angulata, interrupte striata, nodosa; bracteis majusculis concavis, margine ciliatis, caducissimis ; floribus subparvis ; pedicellis tenuibus, corrugatis ; sepalis 6, his duplo longioribus, oblongo-ovatis, pruinosis, crassiusculis, carinatis, ciliatis; petalis 6, ovatis, duplo majoribus, concavis, flavis; ovario fere omnino supero, imo brevissime turbinato, cum pedicello toruloso, distinete 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 2 e basi erectis, vertice valde elevato, conice convexo, flavimaculato, levi; stylo brevi, obtuso: pyxidio oviformi, paullo infra medium zona calycari e sepalis per- sistentibus 6 inerassatis subdivergentibus linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali in- trorsum suberecta, diametri fere dimidiam partem alta; zona superiore integra, quam inferior paulo minore; operculo orbiculari, subhemispheerice convexo, apice breviter umbonato, intus concavo, cum velario intra faucem dependente, et dissepi- mentis 4 (sine eolumella) ruptis diviso; pericarpio coriaceo, subcrasso, intus 4-locu- lari, dissepimentis submembranaceis ; seminibus in quolibet loculo solitariis, erectis, oblongis, ventre subangulatis. In Guiana: v. s. pl. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne, in sylvis (Aublet); in herb. Hook., Guiana (Talbot) : fr. non vidi. | A species very near the preceding, differing in its much larger, more elongated leaves, and its more ovoid fruit. It isa tree of considerable size, with a copious head and a thiek trunk, bare for the height of 10 feet. The axils of its branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 4-7) in. long, 13-2} in. broad, on a petiole 5-7 lines long, with about 16 pairs of parallel very divergent nerves, with others shorter intermediate, all anasto- mosing. By the fall of the upper leaves, the axillary racemes often assume a panicular form; the rachis is 14-2} in. long, with nodes 3-5 lines apart ; pedicel 4 lines long ; sepals 13 line long; petals 4 lines long, 3 lines broad ; upper moiety of ovary above disk 13 line high ; style 13 line long; the pyxidium (Plate LVIII. figs. 8, 9) is 3 in. long, 24 in. broad at the ealyeary zone, which is 11 in. above the base; the interzonary band is nearly 1 in. high; the entire upper zone 13 in. in diam.; the operculum, of the same breadth, is 8 lines high, coneave within, with a velarium descending 4 lines within the mouth; the membranous dissepiments persist, both in the lower portion and in the operculum ; the periearp and opereulum are rather thin in substanee, and somewhat fragile; the seeds are very bitter, as in all other species of this genus. 4. C HYTROMA INCARCERATA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio filiformi, depresse globoso, paulissime sub apicem zona calycari e sepalis acutis vix prominulis linea nexis cıncto ; vitta interzonali introrsum aeclivi, diametri octavam partem alta; zona superiore orbieulari, margine acuta, quam inferior minore ; opereulo subhorizontali, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE A. 233 summo paullulo concavo, medio breviter umbonato, inferne concavo, dissepimentis 4 ` tenuibus diviso, cum velario late extrorsum expanso, ore multo latiore, et hinc ad maturitatem soluto, tamen inextricabili ; pericarpio subtenui pallide brunneo, rugu- lose scrobiculato, 4-loculari, dissepimentis membranaceis persistentibus : seminibus majusculis, in loculis solitariis, ovalibus, ventre subangulatis, hilo basali affixis; testa levi, fulva, pergaminea, raphe ventrali late loriformi flavida, cum ejus ramis e basi adscendentibus; embryonis structura generis. In Brasilia: v. fr. s. in Mus. Brit. (sine loco). _ From this singular development of the fruit the operculum and seeds remain im- prisoned after the period of maturity; for though the velarium becomes detached from the pericarp, the operculum, not being able to fall outward, is drawn inward by the desiccation of the dissepiments; except for this peculiarity there would be little to distinguish it from the fruit of C. cistella except its smaller vertex and more depressed form. The pyxidium (Plate LVITI. figs. 3, 4) is 2 in. long, 28 in broad ; the calycary zone is 1$ in. in diam., and 12 in. above the base ; the interzonal band is + in. high; the upper tone 12 in. in diam.; the tightly fitting operculum is of the same diameter, and does aot rise above the zone, is slightly concave and umbonate at the summit, is of thin texture, concave below, with the thin dissepiments attached toit ; but its velarium expands oubwardly at a considerable angle, and descends half an inch below the mouth, at first attached to the pericarp; but after maturity it there becomes detached, when by the shrinkine of the dissepiment the operculum is drawn inwards, as above explained; the pericarp is about 14 line thick at the sides, 3 thick at the bottom, where it is suddenly swollen ; the seeds are 13 in. long, 1 in. broad. 5. CHYTROMA CISTELLA, nob.; Lecythidis sp., Spruce in Hook. Kew Journ. v. 239. n. 69: planta ignota: pyxidio poculiformi, imo globoso, longe supra medium zona calycari sursum acutiuscula undulato-lineari cincto ; vitta interzonali valde angusta, suberecta ; zona superiore circulari, integra, inferiore vix minore ; operculo brevis- Simo, depresse pulvinato, late concavo, subtus concavo et 4-septato, sine columella, cum velario dissepimentis continuo longe intra faucem descendente; pericarpio crasso, leviter lignoso, cortice tenuiter suberoso, rimoso, brunneo, granulato vel ‚erobieulato-ruguloso, obsolete 4-loculari, intus imo cicatricibus hilorum signato. n Brasilia, prov. Amazonas: v. f. s. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce, 69, 233). There aro 3 specimens of this fruit in the Kew Museum, which I have referred to this E = account of the eicatrices of the attachment of the seeds. n is shown on i m. figs, 6, 7, where the height from the base to the upper zone is 27 1n. ; e EL middle is 3 in., that of the calycary zone 22 in.: that of the upper zone 28, d at the inner mouth to a breadth of 12 in. ; the interzonary band is 3 lines high ; tam is 37 in. in diam., only 2 lines high, depressed in the centre, hollow T5 Where a 18 4-celled, with a velarium deseending 5 lines within the mouth ; the M E m. thick ; the mouth below the upper zone is 1} in. broad, the en and its depth 14 in. It resembles the fruit of C. Schomburgkianum n its 234 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. ` short very depressed operculum ; but it differs in its quite orbicular form, with a pericarp of twice its thickness. The tree from which these fruits were obtained is very lofty, growing in the forests near the Barra do Rio Negro. 6. CHYTROMA TURBINATA, nob.: Lecythis turbinata, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. 493, tab. 73 (icon. fruct. distort.): Lecythis, sp., Spruce in Hook. Kew Journ. v. 170, no. 4: ramulis pallide et opace brunneis, ramosis, rugosis, substriatis, lenticellis verruculosis; foliis majusculis, elongato-oblongis, imo in petiolum sensim acutis, apice in acumen sublineare longum acutissimum subito attenuatis, integris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum subrevolutum punctis obsoletissime serratis, rigide is, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuissimis vix prominulis, costa tenui carinata prominente, subtus pallidioribus, fulvo-opacis, costa crassa pruinosa, nervis flavidis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo valido, canaliculato, marginato, subtus corruguloso, limbo 16-20plo breviore: racemis terminalibus et axillaribus, folio multo breviori- bus; rachi nodosa, cire. 10—14-flora; pedicellis subtenuibus; sepalis oblongis, cras- siusculis, persistentibus ; ovario 4-loculari: rachi fructifera incrassata, flexuosa, valde nodosa, pruinosa: pyxidio globoso, imo hemisphzrico, seepe gibboso et difformi, cirea medium zona calycari e sepalis 6 linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali sub- acclivi convexa, diametri sextam partem alta; zona superiore quam calycaris paullo minore, eirculari ; operculo isti conformi, quam vitta fere triplo altiore, valde con- vexo, obtuse umbonato aut sublevi, subtus valde concavo, cum velario intra faucem descendente; pericarpio coriaceo pallide brunneo, subrugoso, lenticellis granosis flavis maeulato, primum 4-loculari (aut abortu 1-2-loculari), sicco dissepimentis evanidis pseudo-1-loculari et 4-spermo (aut abortu 1-spermo) ; seminibus uniseriatim imo affixis, ovatis, dorso convexis, ventre subangulatis, testa lxvi, flavescente, raphe ad angulum ventralem lata, ramis linearibus furcatis. In Amazonas: v. pl. s. in hb. variis, Barra do Rio Negro (Spruce, 1167, cum fruct. distort.); in Ab. Hook., Barra (Spruce, 1238) ; cum fruct. normal. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce, 1238) ; etiam Rio Arepicurü (Spruce), sine numero. This very distinet species belongs certainly to this genus, and not to Lecythis, because of its fruit and seeds. Berg’s drawing of the monospermous fruit is correct and like that of my own specimen (Spruce, 1167); but these are of abnormal growth, 1-locular by the abortion of the other cells, and, in consequence, of a very gibbous form. The second specimen of the plant (Spruce, 1268) has a note attached to it, saying that the fruit is sent separately ; and accordingly we see in the Museum at Kew a fruit marked with that number, so that no doubt can exist as to their identity. It is quite similar to another collected at Rio Arepicurú by Spruce, and is one of the kind called Macacarecuya. (Monkey-cups) by the natives. The species forms a low tree, much branched, growing in the Iguarapés (inundated lands) of the rivers ; the axils of the branches are 2—12 in. apart ; the leaves are 7-9$ in. long (including the narrow acumen 1 in. long), and 12-3 in. broad, on a petiole 5-6 lines long ; and they have about 12 pairs of nerves, with others intermediate anastomosing with them ; the rachis of the racemes is slightly flexuous, 14 in long, with 10-12 ۳ MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE &. 235 minent floriferous nodes, 2-3 lines apart. The pyxidium (Plate LIX. figs. 9 & 13) is 13-2 in. long; the calycary zone, 9-10 lines above the base, is 2-23 in. in diam. ; the inter- zonal band is 4-5 lines high: the upper zone and operculum are 13 in. in diam., the latter 6 lines high, depressed on the summit, without an umbonate point, which is seen only on the imperfect fruit; it is quite hollow within, with the traces of 4 evanescent dissepiments, and furnished within its margin by a velarium which descends 4 lines within the mouth ; the pericarp is 2 lines thick, showing inside the indications of the withered dissepiments; the 4 erect seeds are 1 inch long, 10 lines broad, yellowish, sub- polished, marked with the veins of the raphe as in the foregoing species. The single seed in the abnormal fruits is similar in size and shape to the above, and is marked in the same way. | Ina note attached to the specimen of the fruit, Spruce states that * when gathered it had an exceedingly aromatic arillus, which the ants speedily devoured.” We may pre- sume this “ arillus ” covered the testa ; but no trace of it now exists. 7. CHYTROMA SPRUCEANA, nob. : Lecythis Spruceana, Berg (in parte) in Mart. Flor. Bras. l. c. p. 487 : ramulis fusco-brunneis, subflexuosis, profunde et interrupte sulcatis, obsolete verruculosis; foliis ovatis, vel oblongo-ovatis, imo obtusis, et in petiolum acutatis, apice obtusis et in acumen spe angustum longe cuspidato-mucronatum subito constrictis, chartaceis, ad marginem revolutum et undulatum obsolete crenato- serrulatis, supra opace sublucidis, minutissime granulatis, nervis tenuibus parallele divergentibus et longe adscendentibus subimmersis, reticulatis, costa prominula, subtus subochraceo-pallidioribus, opace pruinosis, nervis flavidis prominentibus, venis prominulis, costa striolata prominente; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, marginato, ruguloso, limbo 10plo breviore : panieula terminali, pluriramosa ; rachi subflexuosa, angulato-sulcata, verruculosa, prominente nodosa: pedicellis ad nodos alternos arti- culatis, suleatis ; sepalis ovatis, subzequalibus, extus parallele striatis et granulatim punctatis, marginibus erosulis ; petalis obovatis, albis (siccis flavis), extus rugulosis ; ovario infero, turbinato, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 3, e basi distinctissime erectis, vertice intra discum plano, radiatim striato ; stylo subulato, incurvo, sepalis breviore: pyxidio subgloboso, medio zona calycari e sepalis 6 lineatim nexis cincto ; vitta Interzonali Suberecta, subconvexa, diametri quintam partem alta ; zona superiore integra ; operculo vitto) altitudine, supra convexo, intus concavo, vestigiis septorum signato, cum velario intra faucem descendente vitta dimidio breviore munito ; Pericarpio Suberasso, coriaceo, extus opace brunneo et ruguloso, intus 4-loculari, mentis submembranaceis mox evanidis ; seminibus in quoque loculo 2, erectis. Ri silla: o, s, in herb. variis, Panuré, Rio Uahüpes (Spruce, 2700) : San Carlos, 0 Negro (Spruce 3695). , de * eo 30-50 feet high, growing on the margins of rivers, and bearing white long, Uh flowers ; the axils of the branchlets are 1 in. apart; the leaves are 31-53 in. er broad, on a petiole 5-6 lines long, and with about 14 pairs of nerves, with sh : à ۱ i E orter and intermediate: in my specimen the panicle is 34 in. long, with 1 to 4 236 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE.E. lateral branches 2 in. long and 4 lines apart; the nodules on which the pedicels are articulated are 4 line long, 2-3 lines apart; the pedicels 1 line, the sepals are 2 lines long, 1 line broad; the petals 12 in. long, 1 in. broad ; the androphorum is 1 in. in diam. ; the flower expanded 4 in. across; the erect ovules are distinctly fixed at the very base of the axis in the ovary ; the immature pyxidium (Plate LIX. figs.3, 4) is 14 in. high; the calycary zone is 1} in. in diam. ; the interzonal band 3 lines high; the upper zone and operculum are 1j in. in diam.; the latter 6 lines high, concave beneath, and with a velarium descending more than 3 lines within the mouth; the pericarp is 2 lines thick; the seeds were destroyed and agglomerated by caries in all the specimens I have seen. 8. CHYTROMA IBIRIBA : Zbiribá, Mareg. & Piso. Hist. Nat. Bras. p. 136: ramulis tere- tibus, subeinereis lenticellato-verruculosis, cortice subrimoso ; foliis oblongo-ovatis, vel oblongis, imo rotundiusculis vel obtusis et in petiolo brevissime decurrentibus, apice in acumen brevissimum acutum vel obtusulum recurvulum abrupte attenuatis, subintegris, aut ad marginem cartilagineum subrevolutum obsolete crenatis, char- taceis vel subcoriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, lsevibus, subopacis, nervis divaricatis vix prominulis, costa tenui, striolata, prominula, subtus pallide brunneis, luride opacis, pulverulento-pruinosis, nervis tenuissimis venisque paullo prominulis, costa striata prominente; petiolo canaliculato, striato-rugoso, limbo 15plo breviore: racemo terminali, pauciramoso, folio multo breviore; rachi geniculata, nodosa, crebre 6-10-flora ; rachi fructifera pedicellisque incrassatis : pyxidio immaturo sub- globoso, sæpe gibboso, utrinque convexo, ad medium zona calycari e sepalis foliaceis auctis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali angusta, erecto-convexa, diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore circulari; operculo majuseulo pulvinatim convexo, um- bonato, intus concavo cum velario seque alto intra faucem descendente; pericarpio crasse coriaceo, fusco-brunneo, lenticellis flavidis maeulato, scrobieulatim ruguloso, intus 4-loculari, interdum abortione sub-1-loculari; seminibus -paucis, oblongis, fuseis, testa crasse coriacea; embryone generis. In Brasilia: v. s. in hb. Hook. Maccio, prov. Alagoas (Gardner, 1411); ibidem (Gardner, 1312); Bahia (Sello): v. fruct. matur. in Mus. Kew., Maccio (Gardner). 3 This is evidently the plant described by Marcgraff as a tree about the height of a peat — tree, growing in Alagoas, where it bears the name of Ibiribä, and where also Gardner — found it as a small tree: the axils of its branchlets are 1-13 in. apart; the leaves are 34-6} in. long, 143 in. broad, on a petiole 2-4 lines long, with about 10 pairs of nerves, with others shorter, anastomosing with the veins; the raceme is 2—4 in. long, with nodes 2-3 lines apart; the fructiferous pedicels are 3-6 lines long; the immature pyxidium (Plate LIX. figs. 14, 15) is 10 lines high, 18 lines broad; the calycary zone (formed of 6 patent sepals 2 lines long) is 5-8 lines above the base ; the operculum is 15 lines in diam., 6 lines high, concave within, with the remains of a dissepiment, and with 3 velarium descending halfway down within the mouth of the pericarp; this is rather 1 thick, with a persistent stoutish dissepiment, one cell abortive, narrowish, the other ed -— containing a single erect seed, with other abortive ovules around the place of its attach- MESA A ee EF Ip d E Ems MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 237 ۱ ment; the immature seed is 10 lines long, 7 lines broad, with a thick coriaceous testa, “containing a dark embryo, with an internal neorhiza of a paler colour. 9. CHYTROMA CINCTURATA, nob.: Lecythidis sp., Spruce in Hook. Kew Journ. v. p. 239. n.67: planta ignota: pyxidio subgloboso, imo brevi, convexo, paullo supra basin zona calycari e sepalis 6 acutis patentibus et linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali eylindrice suberecta, diametri quartam partem alta; zona superiore orbiculari, inte- gra; operculo fere ejusdem altitudinis, hemispherice convexo, apice interdum breviter obtuse umbonato, infra concavo, cum velario intra faucem descendente, septi ves- tigiis signato; pericarpio crassiuscule coriaceo, fusco-opaco, rugoso-scrobiculato, 6-spermo; seminibus ovatis, utrinque rotundatis, ventre subangulatis, dorso con- vexis, raphe ventrali, late lineari, marginibus liberis, cum ramis prominulis, lon- gitudinalibus, cancellatim furcatis ab hilo adscendentibus. In Amazonas: v. fr. sicc. in Mus. Kew., Barra do Rio Negro (Spruce, 67). This fruit, according to Spruce, belongs to a tree 60—80 feet high, growing in forests near the Barra, furnished with weak branches, too lofty to obtain the leaves. The fruit, called by the natives Macacarecuya (Plate LIX. fig. 7), is 1$ in. long, 2 in. broad, the depth below the calycary zone being 5 lines, the interzonary band 7 lines high, the opereulum near 2 in. in diam., 8 lines high, the velarium descending 2 lines within the mouth; the seeds are 12 lines long, 8 lines broad, with a coriaceous testa like that of the typical species. 10. CHYTROMA URCEOLATA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio urceolato, imo campaniformi, paullo supra medium zona calycari annulari e sepalis 6 dentiformibus linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali erecta, diametri quintam partem alta; zona superiore circu- lari, integra, inferiore æquali ; operculo depresse pulvinato, vertice late concavo, intus plane concavo, eum velario subbrevi intra faucem descendente ; pericarpio subtenui, intus obsolete 4-loculari ; seminibus 4, ovatis, ad faciem ventralem subangulatis, hilo basali affixis, erectis, fusco-brunneis, raphe lata, ventrali, cum lineis aliis lon- S'udinalibus immersis e basi adscendentibus furcatis; embryone generis. In Amazonas, v. Fr. sice. in Mus. Kew., Barra do Rio N egro (Spruce). ura » one of the kinds of fruit called by the natives Macacarécuya, or Monkey-cups. : E um (Plate LIX. fig. 5) is 1% in. long, 14 in. broad at the calycary zone, re lines above the base; the interzonary band is 5 lines high and 13 in. in shape 8 A ی‎ of the same diameter, is 3 lines high, and precisely of jud E e of C. Schomburgkii, but thinner in substance, and very different v 9m ۰ وت‎ ing species : it is broadly concave in the summit, quite hollow p ^ T line thick within the margin descending 2 lines into the mouth ; the periearp 18 ge y 1 seeds) 13 I: the vestiges of the dissepiments, which have disappear ed (and it contains > -9 ‘ines long, 9 lines broad. ۱ ۱ 11. Car : | s 44 GRANDIFOLIA, nob.: Zschweilera grandiflora, Mart. obs. 3071; DC. VOL, E 293; Lecythis grandiflora, Berg, Fl. Bras. l. c. p. 494, e di fig. 1; 238 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. Linn. xxvii. 453: ramulis teretibus, fusco-cinerascentibus; foliis oblongis, vel oblongo-lanceolatis, imo obtuse rotundatis, apice in acumen breve sspe angustum abrupte attenuatis, integerrimis, vel serraturis obliteratis subundulatis, rigidule chartaceis, supra viridibus, nitidis, nervis plurimis, longe a margine arcuatim nexis, prominulis, retieulato-venosis, subtus costa demum nigrescente nervisque promi- nentibus; petiolo tereti, canaliculato, limbo 24plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, folio brevioribus ; rachi angulata, flavide fuscescente; floribus cum pedicellis validis fere sessilibus: pyxidio turbinato, infra medium zona calycari e sepalis acutis lineatim nexis cincto; vitta interzonali quam diametrus dimidio breviore, erecta et apice subito paullo rotundata; zona superiore circulari, quam inferior paullo angustiore; opereulo orbiculari, pulvinato, brevissimo, valde depresso, subumbo- nato, intus concavo, cum velario brevi intra faucem descendente ; pericarpio cras- siusculo 2-loculari (?), dissepimento crassiuscule coriaceo, persistente, loculis 2-sper- mis; seminibus oblongis, ventre subangulatis, dorso convexis, erectis, imo affixis. In Brasilia septentrionali ad fluv. Japuré (Martius): non vidi. A species much resembling Eschweilera macrophylla; but it is a much larger tree, being 50-60 feet high, and differing in several characters, especially in its nearly sessile flowers; the axils of its branchlets are somewhat remote; the leaves are 6-84 in. long, 11-24 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long. The pyxidium (Plate LIX. fig. 1) is 2 in. long, the calycary zone 9 lines above the base and 2 in. in diam. ; the interzonary band is $ in. high, suddenly narrowed at its mouth into the superior zone 12 in. in diam. ; the operculum of this breadth is only 2 lines high, or 3 lines at the umbonate summit ; the pericarp is 2 lines thick, with a dissepiment of nearly equal thickness ; the seeds are 14 lines long, 9 lines thick, fixed by their base, with a thin pergamineous testa, having a raphe of several longitudinal bands, that along the ventral angle being broadest, as in the other species, and obscurely described by Berg, * angulo receptaculo albo carnoso lineari involuto;" the nucleus is of a yellowish colour. There appears to me some mistake in Berg's drawing and description ; for in all the other species the dissepiment is thin and membranaceous, rarely persistent, but here it is shown to be as thick as the pericarp itself; and each cell appears again 2-locular in the transverse section, for it can hardly be meant to represent a section of the seeds, because he describes their testa as thin and pergamineous (not thick and coriaceous). 12. CHYTROMA PILACARPA, nob.: planta ignota : pyxidio subgloboso, imo hemispheerico, infra medium zona calycari lineari 6-denticulata cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, diametri tertiam partem alta ; operculo cum zona superiore orbiculari, vitta breviore, primum valde depresso, mox valde convexo, apice levi, intus concavo, vestigiis septorum 4 signato, eum velario subbrevi intra faucem descendente; pericarpio sub- tenuiter coriaceo, opaco, fusco, lenticellis flavis verrueuloso, cortice tenui subrimoso, obsolete 4-loculari. In Brasilia: v. s. in Mus. Kew., Barra do Rio Negro (Spruce, 1452, sub Swartzia argentea). This fruit is 2 in. high, 2 in. broad; the calycary zone 10 lines above the base; the FORE A he De Em ja SE nal ice MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE ZA. | 239 interzonal band 8 lines high; the operculum nearly 2 in. in diam. and 7 lines high. There is another specimen 2$ in. in diam., both without seeds: the reference on the ticket to Spruce's specimen of Swartzia argentea must be a mistake. ` The pyxidium (Plate LVIII. fig. 12), from its erect interzonary band, bears a re- semblance to that of Ohytroma cincturata, but is of thinner texture, its operculum is very depressed at first, then gradually rounded in an ogee-form curve. 13. CHYTROMA MONOSPERMA, nob. : Lecythis monosperma, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l.c. p. 485, tab. 67. fig. 2: planta ignota: pyxidio subparvo, ovali, imo obtuse rotun- dato, paullo sub apicem zona calycari e sepalis 6 acutis depressis linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali breviuscula, convexa, diametri tertiam partem alta ; zona superiore quam inferior minore, orbiculari, integra; operculo ignoto; pericarpio crassius- eulo, spongioso-lignoso, granulis parvis flavidis irrorato, vitta levi, abortu 1-loculari et monospermo, loculis 3 septisque membranaceis ad latus simul detrusis, et ovulis basalibus abortivis instructis; semine loculum fertilem implente, oblongo-ovato, testa duriuscula, castanea, raphe ramisque subplanis ab hilo basali adscendentibus notata. In Brasilia, prov. Pará (non vidi). The pyxidium (Plate LVIII. fig. 10) is remarkable for its egg-like shape : it is 21 lines long, without the operculum, 16 lines broad in the middle; the calycary zone is 16 lines above the base, 15 lines in diam.; the interzonal band is 4 lines high, the upper zone lllines across; the pericarp apparently is 2 lines thick ; the seed is erect, attached to the base of the cell, 14 lines long, 9 lines broad, covered by a testa resembling that of other species of Chytroma, and very different from that of an Eschweilera. 14. CHYTROMA BASILARIS, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio pallide brunneo, semigloboso, subquadrato, imo depresso, convexo, corrugulatim scrobiculato, paullo supra basin Zona calycari anguste laminiformi obsolete 6-lobata cincto ; vitta interzonali paullo elevata, extrorsum. valde acclivi; zona superiore quadratim orbiculari, in labium annulare prominens expansa; operculo ista paullo angustiore, altissimo, semi- globoso, apice subito umbonato, extus grosse tuberculato-rugoso, crassiusculo, intus concavo, vestigiis septorum 4 signato; velario nullo; pericarpio parte inferiore depresso-pateriformi, crassiusculo, extus grosse rugoso, obsolete 4-loculari, 8-spermo. : Guiana Brit.: v. s; in Mus. Kew., Demerara (Parker). i (Plate LVIII. fig. 13) is of a very unusual form, extremely different thë iin. ES it is 1$ in. high; the calycary zone is 14 in. in diam., only 2 lines above ajia E Interzonal band, extrorsely cup-shaped, is 3 lines high; the annular Hp ; TER ^ odia rim of the upper zone is 22 in. in diam., the opercular mouth being. road : the opereulum is in the form of a lofty dome, is somewhat 4-gonous at the P Where it is 2 in. across the angles sud 12 in. across the intermediate lines of the "omia it * about 11 lines high, 6 lines deep inside, and 23 lines thick ; the depth i l cavity of the lower portion is 2 lines. > CHYTROMA InATrMON, nob.: Lecythis Idatimon, Aubl. Pl. Gu. ii. unda d 21 240 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. DC. Prodr. iii. 291 (excl. syn.) ; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 453 : Lecythis basizone, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. Z. c. p. 617: arbor magna, ramulis teretibus, cinereo-brunneis, obsolete striatis, subverruculosis; foliis oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen obtusum subbreve subito attenuatis, margine subrevoluto obsolete crenato-ser- ratis, rigide chartaceis, supra fusco-viridibus, subnitentibus, vel subopaeis, nervis tenuibus, subpatentibus, semiimmersis, creberrime reticulatis, costa tenui, subtus opacis, cinnamomeis vel hepatice ferrugineis, nervis venisque flavidis paullo pro- minulis, costa prominente, nitida; petiolo profunde suleato, marginato, subtus currugulato, limbo 15plo breviore: recemis axillaribus, brevissimis ; rachi flexuosa, valde verruculosa, nodosa; floribus approximatis, subparvis; pedicellis calyce lon- gioribus, validis, rubris, lenticellis albis verruculosis; sepalis acute ovatis, rugu- losis; petalis subinsequalibus, ovatis, concavis, imbricatis, incarnatis: pyxidio parvo, subgloboso, imo turbinato; paullo supra basin zona calycari annulari e sepalis reflexis 6-lobata cincto; vitta interzonali erecte subconvexa, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore integra ; operculo alte convexo, umbonato, intus concavo, 4-septato, cum velario latiuseulo intra faucem dependente; pericarpio crustaceo- coriaceo, 4-loculari, dissepimentis membranaceis sistentibus; seminibus in quolibet loeulo solitariis," ventre angulosis, nervosis, amaris. In Guiana: v. s. pl. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet) (fructum non vidi). | The fructiferous specimen collected by Poiteau in Guiana, and called by Berg L. basi- zone, is evidently identical with Aublet's plant. The same species is said to grow in Trinidad, where it is called Guaticari ; in Cayenne it is known by the name Idatimon. Its trunk is 60 feet high, with a branching head; the axils of its branchlets are 3 in. apart; the leaves are 5-5} in. or more long, 13-2 in. broad, on a petiole 4-5 lines long, and with about 18 pairs of nerves, with others shorter intermediate, all anasto- mosing; the rachis of the raceme is 13-2 in. long; the pedicels, curved and deflected, 4 lines long; the sepals 3 lines long; the petals about 3 in. long; the pyxidium (Plate LIX. fig. 17) is 1} in. long, 1} in. broad; the calycary zone is 11 in. in diam., and 6 lines above the base; the interzonary band is about 3 lines high ; the upper zone 1$ in. in diam.; the operculum, of the same breadth, is 6 lines high, with a velarium which descends 3 lines within the mouth. 16. CHYTROMA SALEBROSA, nob.: Lecythis salebrosa, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. 7. c. p. 488: arborea, ramulis griseis, striatis, verruculosis ; foliis sparsis, ovali-oblongis, sspe complicatis, imo in petiolum angustatis, apice recurvato-acuminatis, marginibus subrevolutis integris, vel obsoletissime serrulatis, utrinque nitidis, concoloribus, nervis erecto-patulis, mox in venis vix tenuioribus prominulis anastomosantibus ; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 6-9plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, foliis brevioribus, dense pruinosis; rachi gracili, flexuosa, angulosa; bracteis ca- | ducis; pedicellis torosis, recurvis; sepalis parum brevioribus, ovatis, vel ovato- oblongis, obtusis; petalis subrotundis, denticulatis; ovario infero, toroso, 4-loculari, ovulis e basi erectis, vertice radiatim striato; stylo longiusculo. In Guiana Batava, ad colonia Berlyn (Wellschlegel, 1472) : non vidi. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 941 - Berg states that this species comes near L. corrugata (which belongs to the genus Eschweilera) : it is nearer Chytroma Idatimon, and perhaps does not differ from it spe- cifically. The leaves are 3-6 in. long, 16-28 lines broad, on a petiole 6-8 lines long; the racéme is 2-3 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; the pedicels 2 lines long; the bud 5 lines ۰ in diam.; the sepals ¿-2 lines long, 2-1 line broad; petals 5 lines long; style 13 line long. ۱ 17. CHYTROMA vALIDA, nob.: ramulis validis, teretibus, pallide brunneis, pruinoso- opacis, subrugosis vel interrupte striolatis, verruculosis; foliis ovalibus, utrinque rotundiusculis, apice brevissime et subito constrietis, marginibus valde undulatis, integris vel obtuse serratis, rigide chartaceis aut subcoriaceis, supra pallidis, opacis, minutissime granulatis, nervis parallele patentibus et sensim incurvatis prominulis, costa suleata, subtus concoloribus, costa nervis venisque reticulatis prominenti- . bus; petiolo profunde sulcato, late costato-marginato, limbo 9plo breviore : racemis validis, subpanieulatis, terminalibus, foliis brevioribus, aut longioribus; rachi crassa, compresso-angulata, ochraceo-opaca, pruinosa, nodis crassis subapproximatis pro- minentibus; floribus caducis ; pedieellis brevibus, crassis, lenticellato-verrueulosis, ad nodos articulatis ; sepalis obtuse obovatis, glauco-pruinosis, crassiusculis, mar- sinibus tenuibus laceratis; petalis oblongis; ovario semiinfero, erebre flavido- maculato, verruculoso, 4-loculari, ovulis 4 in quoque loculo basilaribus, vertice intra discum latiusculum conice elevato, et stylo brevissimo umbonato, lenticellis crebre EB om In Nova Granada: v. s. in herb. Hook., inter Plato et Pinto ( Horton, 29). This species has much of the habit of a Couroupita ; the axils of its branchlets are 1 in. “part; the leaves are 64 in. long, 31 in. broad, on a thick petiole 9 lines long, 2 lines E they have about 18 pairs of parallel nerves arcuately joined ; the racemes are 1 line an long, 2-23 lines thick, its prominent nodes are 3-5 lines apart; the pedicels _ Ong; the semiinferior ovary is obconical, 2 lines long, 3 lines broad; the sepals ÉD i». RE broad; the flower expanded is 1 in. in diameter. From the resem- a. ^ habit to that of Lecythis elliptica, it might be placed alongside of it, were erect ovules; but it resembles greatly that of Chytroma retusa. pa Currroma RUBRIFLORA, nob.: ramulis striatis, rimosis, subferrugineo-ochraceis, E ops lenticellis verrueulosis; foliis ovato- vel oblongo-ellipticis, imo Es et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen breve ee و‎ E Tecurvatum constrictis, rigide chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, وی‎ * Nery; Sinibus cartilagineis subrevolutis crenulatis, supra fusco-viridibus, subopacis, 18 patentim divaricatis semiimmersis, reticulatis, costa tenui prominula, subtus Subnitent; : : Rent, luride vel hepatice opacis, costa striata, pulverulenta, prominente, venisque stramineis prominulis, undique minute granulatis; petiolo semi- cd canaliculato, marginato, subtus corruguloso, limbo 7 plo breviore: pani- axillari et terminali e racemis 3-4 congestis; rachi striata, crebre nodosa ; 242 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. floribus parvis, rubris, vel roseo-purpureis; pedicellis recurvis valde corrugulatis, calyci zequilongis ; sepalis subimbricatis, ovatis, obtusis, fuscis, crassiusculis, rugu- losis, marginibus submembranaceis rubris; petalis parvis, rubris; ovario infero, parvo, turbinato, corrugulato, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 3-4, e basi erectis, vertice subconvexo, radiatim striato; stylo tereti, subincurvo; stigmate parvo, albo. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Van Rohr), Karaouary (Sagot, 1032, bis). This plant was confounded by Sagot with another of his collection under the same number, described by me under Eschweilera corrugata : from this it differs in its shorter, broader, more obtuse leaves, of a rufescent hue, with a different nervation, in its inflo- rescence, and in its 4-celled ovary. It is not unlike Zecythis rubicunda in its general appearance, but differs in its broader more obtuse leaves, in its inflorescence, in its rugulose pedicel and ovary, and in the vertex of the latter; it has also fewer ovules, erect (not suspended). It is said to be a lofty tree, with red flowers: the axils of its branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are extremely dark when dried, 3-5 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, ona petiole 5-6 lines long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves, with several others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing in a transverse reticulation. The very branching panicle is 3 in. long, its slender branches about 2 in. long, with nodes 1 line apart; the pedicels 2 lines long; the sepals 14 line long. 19. CHYTROMA ROSEA, nob.: Lecythis rosea, Spruce; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 488: ramulis subteretibus, subflexuosis, fusco-brunneis, lenticellis flavidis verruculosis; foliis subapproximatis, ovatis, vel ovali-oblongis, aut sublanceolatis, imo obtusis, vel in petiolum sensim acutioribus, apice obtusis, vel brevissime et acute acuminatis, subintegris, vel in margine revoluto obsoletissime serrulatis, seepe complicatis, rigide chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, nitidiusculis, et ad venas reticulatas sub- foveolatis, nervis subpatentibus et marginem versus arcuatim nexis omnino im- mersis, subtus opacis, ferrugineo-hepaticis, glauco-pruinosis, nervis tenuibus venis- que reticulatis prominulis, costa valida, striolata, valde prominente ; petiolo pruinoso, profunde suleato, marginibus tenuibus introflexis, subtus ruguloso, limbo 11-14plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, vel pluribus terminalibus, paniculam simulantibus, folio brevioribus; rachi fusca, glauco-pruinosa, striata, subapproximatim longe nodosa; bracteis infra nodos caducis; pedicellis ad nodos articulatis, corrugatis, refractis, quam sepala longioribus ; floribus mediocribus ; sepalis oblongo-ovatis, sub- obtusis, subinequalibus, crassis, fuscis, pruinosis, rugoso-carinatis, imo gib i marginibus membranaceis et ciliolato-denticulatis ; petalis obovato-oblongis, 3plo longioribus, crassiusculis, marginibus membranaceis et dentieulatis ; ovario semi- infero, parvo, corrugato, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 4, e basi erectis, vertice intra discum elevato, conico, radiatim striato; stylo subulato subineurvo ; stigmate minimo,squamuloso. In Brasilia, prov. Amazonas: v.s. in herb. variis, Rio Negro» inter Barra et Barcellos ( Spruce, 1920). The axils of its branchlets are $ in. apart; the leaves are 31-8 in. long, 14-24 in. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. _ 243 broad, on à petiole 3-6 lines long: the terminal raceme is 21-3 in. long, with nodose axils about 4 in. apart; the refracted pedicels are 3 lines long ; the sepals 3 lines long, 2 lines broad; the petals 4-6 lines long, 2-3 lines broad; the androphorum 4 lines in diam.; the style 2 lines long: the flower expanded is 14 in. in diameter. 20, CHYTROMA RORIDA, nob.: Lecythis rorida, Spruce, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. Z. c. 488: ramulis crassiusculis, fuscis, flexuosis, angulato-striatis, corrugulosis, verruculosis, roride pruinosis, junioribus tenuioribus et levioribus; foliis subapproximatis, obo- vatis, imo obtusis et subito cuneatim acutatis, apice rotundatis, et in acumen sub- breve acutum recurvulum repente constrietis, sepe complicatis, subintegris, vel ad marginem subrevolutum punctis fuscis obsolete serratis, rigide chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, valde opacis, ad nervos subsulcatis, nervis tenuissimis subpatenti- divaricatis semiimmersis et flavide pruinosis, valde reticulatis, costa pruinosa, pro- minula, subtus pallidioribus, brunnescentibus, pruinoso-opaeis, costa striolata ner- visque costatis prominentibus, venis prominulis ; petiolo supra plano, marginibus late introflexis, subtus corrugato, limbo 9plo breviore: panicula terminali pluriramosa, ramis folio subzequilongis aut brevioribus, ramulis paucis brevibus, curvatim ad- scendentibus ; rachi recta, fusca, angulosa, transversim corrugulosa, albido-pruinosa, verruculosa, approximatim valde nodosa; floribus 30-50, mediocribus; pedicellis imo articulatis, anguloso-corrugulosis ; sepalis istis zequilongis, subequalibus, rotun- dato-obovatis, extus convexis, granulato-rugulosis, ad marginem membranaceum subciliatis ; petalis subinsequalibus, ovatis, imo sensim unguiculatis, marginibus late membranaceis; ovario semiinfero, 4-loculari, ovulis 2 in quoque loculo, placenta basali erectis, vertice intra discum valde elevato conico radiatim striato ; stylo tenui ineuryulo, brevi, apice cavo, albidulo. In Brasilia, prov. Amazonas; v. s. in herb. variis, ad Rio Negro prope Barra (Spruce, 1797). : - Ihave referred this species to Chytroma on account of its few erect ovules in each of the 4 cells of the ovary. The axils of its branchlets are } in. apart; the leaves are 4-5 in. long, 13-23 in broad, on a petiole 4-6 lines long; and they have about 14 pairs of nerves, with others shorter, intermediate, all anastomosing; the panicle is 7 in. long, its ie in. long, its branchlets 1-3 in. long, all floriferous, with nodose axils 1-2 lines ah B pedicels 1-2 lines long; the sepals 2 lines long, 1 line broad; the petals 6 S, 4 lines broad ; androphorum 4 lines in diam. ; style 2 lines long. 21. 0۳۲۲۲0 RETUSA, nob. : Lecythis retusa, Spruce, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. P- 487 : ramulis validis subangulatis, fuscis, vel cinereo-fuscis, rugosis, verruculosis, sub- Pruinosis ; foliis late ovatis, vel late oblongis, imo obtusis et in petiolum latiuscule ce Subito acutatis, apice truncatis, profunde retusis, interdum eum acumine brevis- “mo acutiore curyato in sinu subito constrictis, subintegris, vel marginibus undulatis Subrevolutis punctis fuscis obsolete serrulatis, coriaceis, supra subnitentibus, pro- um viridibus, reticulatione impresso-rugulosis, minutissime granulosis, ad nervos RUN nervis tenuibus, recte divaricatis, parallelim subapproximatis, pruinosis, "umersis, creberrimo reticulatis, costa plana, imo latiore, pruinosa, subtus canescenti- 244 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACER. pallidis, vel luride et fulvide pruinosis, nervis costatis, venisque reticulatis promi- nulis, costa valida fusca striata prominente; petiolo valido, fusco, pruinoso, supra suleato, submarginato, subtus corrugulato-striato, limbo 10plo breviore: panicula axillari, sepius terminali, multiramosa, folio longiore; ramorum rachi valida, ad- scendente, angulato-rugosa, opaca, crebre longe nodosa; floribus majusculis, ap- proximatis; pedicellis ad nodos articulatis, fuscis, rugosis, angulato-suleatis; sepalis rotundatis, fuscis, erassiusculis, granulato-verruculosis, gibbosis, marginibus mem- branaceis ciliato-denticulatis; petalis subinequalibus, oblongis, unguiculatis, cras- siuseulis, extus granulato-maculatis, marginibus membranaceis, ciliatis; ovario - infero, breviter turbinato, vel semigloboso, ruguloso, 4-5-loculari, aut interdum 3-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 2-4, e basi erectis, vertice intra discum latum: subconcavo, radiatim striato; stylo tereti, striato, sepalis paullo breviore; stigmate albo, 4-lobulato. In Brasilia prov. Amazonas, v. s. in herb. variis, Rio Negro prope Barra (Spruce, 1166). From its general resemblance, especially in the venation of its leaves and the peculiar character of the inflorescence, this species bears more the appearance of a Cowroupita ; but the section of the ovary shows that it belongs to Chytroma; it closely resembles Chy- troma valida. The axils of its rather stout branches are about 3 in. apart; the leaves are 31—63 in. long, 23-44 in. broad, on a petiole 6-12 lines long,; they have about 18 pairs of parallel nerves, with others shorter intervening, all anastomosing. The panicle is about 8 in. long, its branches 2-21 in. long, their prominent nodes 2-3 lines apart; the pedicels 1 line long; the sepals 14 line long; the petals 11 lines long, 7 lines broad; androphorum 9 lines in diameter. | | 22. CHYTROMA OVALIFOLIA, nob.: Lecythis ovalifolia, DC. Prodr. iii. 292; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 486; in Linn. xxvii. 453: ramulis teretibus, striatis, ochraceo- opacis ; foliis majusculis, oblongis, vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo rotundatis, vel ob- tusis, apicem versus sensim angustioribus et in acumen breve obtusatum attenu- atis, subintegris, vel punctis fuscis obsoletissime serrulatis, supra viridibus, lzevibus, nervis numerosis divergenti-adscendentibus paullo prominulis, retieulatis, costa tenui, imo crassiore, subtus concoloribus, valde opacis, nervis tenuibus stramineis prominulis, costa striolata prominente; petiolo semitereti, supra plano, marginato, corruguloso, limbo 15-20plo breviore: racemis binis, terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus; rachi subvalida, nodoso-flexuosa, pallide ochracea, pruinosa, crebre verruculosa; pedicellis validis, patentibus, verruculosis, sepalis sequilongis, imo 3-bracteolatis ; sepalis subzequalibus, subrotundis, ochraceo-pruinosis, gibbosis, mar. gine ciliatis; petalis ovatis, convexis, velutino-pruinosis; ovario semisupero, 4-locu- lari, ovulis in loeulis paucis, uniserialiter radiantibus, vertice altiuscule annulari, subconcavo, striatim radiato ; stylo obtuse conico, umbonato. In Brasilia, prov. Amazonas, 6۰ 8. in herb. Hook., Rio Negro (Martius). | This typical plant of a species referred by DeCandolle and Berg to Lecythis, appears to me to belong to Chytroma, because of its eaves, its inflorescence, with three bracts at MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 245 the base of the thick pedicels, and a half-superior 4-celled ovary obtusely umbonated at the summit. The axils of its branchlets are 3-12 in. apart; the leaves are 5-10 in. long, 134 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lines long; the rachis of the raceme is 3-4, in. long, its nodes 2-23 lines apart; the bracts, 2 lateral, 1 exterior, are 14 line long; the pedicels 2 lines long; the sepals 1 line long, 13 line broad; the petals 10 lines long. It has quite the habit of the other species of Chytroma before enumerated. 23. CHYTROMA APICULATA, nob. :—ramulis brunneis, opacis, lenticellis verrueulosis ; foliis ovato-ellipticis, imo obtusis (in junioribus ad petiolum breviter acutatis), apice in acumen breve vel longius, acutum, sspe recurvulum subito apiculatis, sub- integris, vel in margine cartilagineo revoluto punctis obsolete serrulatis, rigide char- taceis, supra pallide viridibus, subnitentibus, minutissime granulatis, nervis paullo prominulis, reticulatis, costa striata, subtus brunnescentibus, opacis, eosta validiore prominente, nervis venisque prominulis; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, corruguloso, limbo 15-20plo breviore: racemo axillari, simplici, folio multo breviore, vel 2-3 terminalibus congestis; rachi nodosa, fusca; pedicellis tenuibus; calyce duplo lon- gioribus, angulatis, rugulosis; floribus majusculis; sepalis ovalibus, carnosulis, imo gibbosis et rugulosis ; petalis ovatis, majusculis, concavis; ovario semisupero, tubereulatim rugoso, 4-loculari, ovulis paucis e basi erectis, vertice depresse pulvi- nato, elevato, radiatim striato, stylo brevi, obtuse conico umbonato. In Brasilia: v. 8. in herb. Hook., sine loco (-Burchell, 9618). À species probably from the Amazonas region, judging by Burchell's number: it is plaeed in this genus on account of its nearly superior ovary umbonated by a short conical style, and approaches the preceding in several characters. The axils of its branches are lin. apart; the leaves are 31-54 in. long, 13-23 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines lo ‚and have about 10 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all Anastomosing ; the terminal raceme is 2-3 in. long ; nodes of rachis 1-2 lines apart; the flower in bud is 4 in. in diam.; sepals 13 line long, petals 7 in. long, 6 in. broad. 24, Cuyrroma MARAWYNENSIS, nob.; Lecythis Marawynensis, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. 489, tab. 69 . ramulis subrugosis cinereis; foliis ovato-oblongis, vel oblongis, imo obtusis et in petiolum longiuseule acutis, apice in acumen breve obtusulum sæpe Técurvatum subito constrictis, chartaceis, subundulatis, integris vel obsoletissime ۱ “errulatis, nervis tenuibus subpatulis arcuatim nexis venisque reticulatis parum Prominulis ; petiolo limbo 8-9plo breviore : paniculis vel racemis axillaribus et mem), bus, amplis, pruinosis; rachi gracili; pedicellis cernuis; bracteis ovatus, , anaceis, caducis ; sepalis pedicello zequilongis, inzequalibus, oblongis, obtusis, „ine membranaceis et crenato-denticulatis; petalis obovatis, albis, in siccitate "IS; ovario semiinfero 4-5-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 4, biseriatis, e basi "idis vertice convexo, radiatim striolato; stylo longiusculo. In Guiana Batava, am (Wullschiegel, 1473): (non vidi). À speci | vor, Species apparently near C. chartacea, differing in its leaves somewhat- cuneate at XXX. 5 5 o 246 MR. J. MIERS ON THE ۰ the base, but agreeing in its semiinferior ovary, with erect ovules, on which account it is referred to this genus; the leaves are 2-3 in. long; 9-17 lines broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long ; racemes 3 in. long; pedicels 15-2 lines long; sepals 1-2 lines long; petals 5 lines long; androphorum 5 lines in diam.; style 1 line long. 25. CHYTROMA PERSPICUA, nob.: ramulis fuscis, subeinereis, lenticellis flavidis verru- cosis; folis oblongis, imo subacute obtusis, apice acutis, vix acuminatis, tenuiter chartaceis, subintegris, vel in marginem tenuiter cartilagineum subrevolutum punctis nigris obsoletissime serratis, supra viridibus, subnitidis, minutissime granulatis, nervis tenuibus prominulis, subtus paullo pallidioribus, valde opacis, sub lente lenti- ginose pruinosis, nervis venisque reticulatis flavidis prominentibus; petiolo canalicu- lato, fusco, limbo 12plo breviore : racemis axillaribus, fere terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus, plurifloris ; floribus mediocribus; pedicellis subreflexis ; sepalis 8, sub- sequalibus, oblongis, obtusis, crassis, fuscis, valde convexis, rugulosis, imo gibbosis, imbricatis; petalis 8, istis 5plo longioribus, obovatis, concavis, submembranaceis, imbrieatis, androphori carnosi galea selliformi, appendicibus creberrimis, subbre- vibus, plerumque antheriferis, seriebus 2 exterioribus latis acutis sterilibus; ovario infero, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo plurimis radiantibus, vertice intra discum valde convexo, radiatim striato ; stylo brevi, crasso, umboniformi. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Hook., Guiana (Poiteau, sub Lecythis platycarpa). A species differing from Lecythis platycarpa, Poit., in its less-pointed leaves, its shorter, straight, and slender raceme (not long, stout, and geniculated), its much smaller flowers, its 8 sepals, 8 petals, and a 4-celled ovary. It approaches much nearer to Chytroma amara in its habit and inflorescence ; but its leaves are less pointed, have shorter petioles, flowers with 8 sepals, 8 petals, and an ovary whose vertex is less elevated, and a more umboniform style. Its leaves are 61-7 in. long, 23-23 in. broad, on petioles 6-7 lines long; the raceme is 1-14 in. long; pedicels 4 lines long, striated; sepals 3 lines long, 2 lines broad; petals 12 lines long, 6 lines broad. 6. EscHwEILERA. (Plate XXXIV. C.) The previous remarks upon the structure of this genus (antà, p. 165), showing how it diverges from Lecythis, with which it has been generally confounded, are sufficiently ample, requiring no further elucidation here. It differs from Chytroma in its ovary being always 2-locular, and its pyxidium constantly 2-celled; its seeds are more rugose, with an imbedded raphe. Its generie characters may be summarized in the following manner :— Escuweızera, Mart.; DC. Prod. iii. 293: Lecythis (in parte) Berg, Camb.: calycis adnati sepala et petala ut in Lecythide : androphorum ei ejusdem simile, sed cum galex appendiculis ssepius anantheris: ovarium semiinferum, turbinatum, vertice intra discum planum elevato, semper 2-loculari; ovula m quoque loculo pauca, sessilia e basi erecta, anatropa: stylus brevissimus, obtusus ; stigma minimum, subglobosum, papillosum. Pyzridium mediocre vel subparvum, turbinatum, supra, vel infra, aut ad medium zona calycari e sepalis sepe persistentibus linea nexis cinctum : vitta interzonalis altitudine vana: zona superior orbicularis : operculum isti conforme, mox solubile et deciduum, supra convexum p. ۳ MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 247 sepius umbonatum, infra valde concavum, sine columella, dissepimenti mox evanidi vestigio signatum, cum velario intra marginem prope faucem descendente munitum : pericarpium (operculumque) paullo erassum, coriaceum, sine axi centrali, primum 2-loculare, dissepimento sepius evanido. Semina in quoque loculo 1-3, sicca, ovata, interdum pressione subangulata, utrinque rotundata, erecta, hilo majusculo basali affixa: testa crasse crustacea, vel coriacea, scrobiculatim rugosa, cum raphe ab hilo ad apicem faciei ventralis adscendente omnino immersa, cujus ramis plurimis longitudinaliter descen- dentibus et furcatis ibi dispersis signata : integumentum internum firme membranaceum, seepe laxum, et mucilagine fusca grumosa sæpe intus instructum : embryo exalbuminosus, ovatus, homogeneus, fuscus, cerco-carnosus, amarus, structura ei Chytrome similis. 0 Arbores frondose Americe meridionalis, habitu Lecythidis. l ESCHWEILERA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Mart. Fl. Ratisb. xx. (1887), Beib. ii. 89: Lecythis angustifolia, Berg (excl. syn.) in Mart. Fl. Bras. 7 c. p. 489, tab. 7. fig. 162; tab. 70 et 71: ramulis tenuibus, teretibus, fusco-brunneis, corrugulato-striatis, ob- Solete verruculosis; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, imo subacutis, apice in acumen angustum calloso-mucronatum sensim acuminatis, margine cartilagineo subrevoluto leviter erenato-serrulatis, chartaceis, supra viridibus, opacis, ad nervos subremotos sulcatis, venis reticulatis prominulis, subtus brunnescentibus, opacis, costa nervis- que prominentibus ; petiolo fusco, tenuissimo, submarginato, ruguloso, limbo 10-12plo breviore : racemis terminalibus, folio brevioribus, rachi tenui, lenticellata, 5-8-flora ; pedicellis calyce longioribus minute granulosis; calyce brevi, rotato- cupuliformi, margine crenato-lobato, lobis 6 obsolete rotundatis extus minute verruculosis; petalis distincte 4, ovato-rotundatis, concavis, subeequalibus, albis, flavide punctatis; ovario subinfero, hemispheerice turbinato, flavide verruculoso, 2-loculari, ovulis plurimis, e basi radiatim erectis, vertice depresse pulvinato radiatim striato, stylo brevi, obtuse: umbonato: pyxidio subgloboso, imo hemi- Sphzerico et stipitato, infra medium zona calycari lineari-circulari cincto; vitta tnterzonali acclive convexa, diametri 7am partem alta; zona superiore quam altera minore, integra, circulari ; operculo vitta duplo altiore, sensim convexo, apice um- bonato, intus concavo, septi vestigio notato, intra marginem velario descendente aucto ; pericarpio suberassulo, coriaceo, striato-ruguloso, septo evanescente demum l-loculari, 10-spermo ; seminibus angulato-ovatis, erectis, 2-seriatis. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro: v. ¢ in hb. Hook., Monte Corcovado in sylvis (Martius, 61) ; Coreovado (Graham) ; Serra d' Estrella (Langsdorf ) : fructus mihi non visus. "im E^ originally described in the Ratisbon Flora, is distinguished from all others ML us by its 4-petalous flowers. It is a tree 30-40 feet high, bearing the Spreadin "ame of Tbiridá-rána. Its trunk is bare to the height of 20 feet, with a wide 21-31 E the axils of its slender branchlets are 12 in. apart; the leaves are via : ae lines broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, with about 8 pairs of sub- margin of the ¢ M raceme is 1-14 in. long, the pedicels 13-2 lines long, the ien ded 9 ; ayx 4 lines in diam., less than 1 line broad, obsoletely lobed ; the ower t accor poros the 4 petals 10 lines long, 8 lines broad: and this number is con- always 6 "s M Martius, as shown in the plates quoted ; but Berg states that he ona D Probably in those of the following species, which he confounded with 2K 2 248 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. this. The pyxidium (Plate LIX. fig. 20) is 21-3 in. long, 24-3} in. broad in the middle, the portion below the calycary zone 1 in. high, upon a stipitate prolongation . Fin. long; the interzonary band is 5-6 lines high; the operculum 2-3 in. in diam., 1-14 in. high, hollow within, provided within the margin with a descending velarium 4-5 lines deep; the pericarp, obsoletely 2-locular, is 3—4 lines thick on the sides, nearly } in. at the base, where it is marked by the hilar cicatrices of 10 erect seeds, which are 1 in. long, ĉin. broad. Martius says that the seeds are imbedded in pulp, “ carne parca e septo propullante," an improbable cireumstance when the seeds, in 2 series, are sessile upon the bottom of the pericarp, and contrary to what occurs in every other species. 2. ESCHWEILERA COMPRESSA, nob.: Lecythis compressa, Vell. Fl. Flum. p. 222, Icon. y. tab. 87: ramulis brunneis, teretibus, rugose striolatis ; foliis ellipticis vel elliptico- oblongis, imo obtusis, ssepe subito acutatis, apice longiuscule attenuatis et recur- vule acuminatis, grossiuscule sinuato-dentatis, dentibus obtusis, marginibus paullo reflexis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, planis, opacis, nervis pluribus, tenui- bus, semiimmersis, valde reticulatis, costa tenui, subtus opacis, brunnescentibus, costa nervis venisque prominentibus; petiolo subtenui, supra plano, subtus leviter striolato, limbo 15-20plo breviore: racemo terminali, subbrevi; rachi subtenui, striata, minute granulata, 5—6-flora; floribus mediocribus; pedicellis brevissimis; calyce subeupulari, usque ad medium in lobos 6 diviso, lobis obtusis, margini- bus membranaceis; petalis 6, rotundatis, concavis, extus flavide maculatis, ex- teriore majusculo et latissimo; ovario subinfero, corrugulato, 2-loculari, ovulis paucis, in unica serie erectis, vertice depresse conico, striato, stylo brevi obtuso apiculato: pyxidio depresse globoso, imo hemispheerico, non stipitato, paullo supra medium zona calycari linea irregulari vix prominente cincto; vitta interzonali aeclive convexa, diametri 4 partem alta; zona superiore quam altera paullo minore, irregulariter circulari; operculo subconice convexo, umbone crasso obtuso apiculato, intus concavo, septi vestigio signato, intra marginem velario crasso faucem descen- dente aucto; pericarpio crassiusculo, pallide brunneo, subscrobiculatim ruguloso, intus levi, dissepimento omnino evanido, imo seminum cicatricibus notato; Se minibus ssepius 6, vel paucioribus, 1-seriatis, compresse ovatis, dorso convexis, hilo lato basali affixis, fusco-brunneis, undique scrobiculatim rugulosis, lineis nigris cir- citer 6 suleatim immersis ab hilo curvatim adscendentibus signatis. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro : v. v. in flore et fructu ad Botofago, in sylvis non longe a mari. This species, though closely allied, is manifestly different from the preceding, being of smaller stature, with larger, thicker, paler leaves coarsely serrated, a raceme with fewer flowers half their size, a more distinctly lobed calyx, and 6 oval petals. It is a tree about 12 feet high, growing near the sea, the species being well represented in the drawing of Velloz : the axils of the branchlets are? in. apart ; the leaves are 3-5 in. long, 1-M in. broad, on a petiole 21-3 lines long, and with about 11 pairs of nerves; the raceme is ¿-1 in. long, with axils about 4 lines apart; pedicels 3 lines long; the calyx expanded is 4 lines across (the disk being 2 lines in diam.), the smaller petals suborbi- eular, 5 lines long and broad, the outer petals 7 lines long, 6 lines broad, extremely MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE EX. 249 eonvex, pale yellow ; androphorum 5 lines in diam.; the pyxidium (Plate LIX. fig. 21) is 2 in. long, 23 in. broad, the calycary zone 9 lines above the base, the interzonal band is 42 lines high, the upper zone and operculum 24 in. in diam., the latter 1 in. high, hollow, sub-2-celled within, with a velarium descending 3-4 lines within the mouth; the pericarp, 2 lines thick, shows upon the inner surface the line of the evanescent dissepi- ment; the seeds are 1 in. long, $ in. broad; the coriaceous testa is 1 line thick on the dorsal face, slightly thinner on the opposite face. | 3. ESCHWEILERA RIGIDA, nob.: ramulis fulvo- vel fusco-brunneis, pruinoso-opacis, sub- angulatis, interrupte sulcatis, cortice rimoso subverruculosis; foliis elliptico-ovatis, imo in petiolum breviter et subito acutatis, apice in acumen recurvatum acutissimum repente attenuatis, subintegris, vel marginibus cartilagineis vix revolutis punctis nigris obsolete serrulatis, rigide chartaceis, supra viridibus, subopacis, minutissime granulatis, nervis parallele divergentibus, prominulis, costa carinata, subtus pal- lidis, opacis, valde ochraceo-pruinosis, nervis venisque grosse et crebre reticulatis pro- minulis, costa striata, prominente; petiolo canaliculato, marginato, subtus corru- gulato, limbo 10-12plo breviore: panicula terminali, 3-ramosa, ramis simplicibus, alternatim 16-20-floris ; pedicellis sulcato-corrugulosis ; sepalis obovatis, rotundatis, margine denticulatis, extus carinatis, ovarioque granulatim rugosis, pruinosis ; petalis ovatis, erassiusculis ; ovario infero, turbinato, 2-loculari, ovulis 2-3 in quo- que loeulo, e basi erectis, vertice plano, paullo elevato, radiatim suleato ; stylo tereti sepalis dimidio breviore: pyxidio oblongo-ovato, utrinque obtuso, imo pyriformi, circa medium zona calycari e vestigiis sepalorum obsolete 6-lobata cincto ; vitta inter- zonali verticali, diametri 4tam partem alta ; zona superiore integra circulari ; operculo vitta multo altiore, pulvinato et alte obtuso-umbonato, subtus concavo, linea disse- pimenti signato, cum velario crasso intra faucem descendente; pericarpio coriaceo, crasso, granulatim serobiculato, pallide brunneo, 2-loculari. In Venezuela, versus Brasilim confinia : v. pl. s. in flore et in fructu immaturo in hb. Hook., Rio Guainia (Spruce, 3505); v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. Rio Guainia (Spruce). A comparatively small tree, 20 feet high, from the banks of the river Guainia, or principal source of the Rio Negro, flowing from the mountains of New Granada, ie ES of the racemes are 1-13 in. apart; the leaves are 33-6 in. long oe about B e aper 3 in. long), 2-21 in. broad, on a petiole =. mute: ; the E of parallel immersed scarcely visible nerves; the raceme-li 21 inso : og Mate 3—4 in. long, with prominent nodes about 3 lines apart; the pedicels , 9n8; the sepals 13 line long, 1 line broad. The unripe fruits upon the flowering ege àre more depressedly turbinate, 2 in. long, 1 in. broad : but the ripe sen nn fen, meh (Plate LX. fig. 1), from the same locality, is extremely m eren = cim 8 to the supposition that it might belong to another species "n d x the base, and an LY elongated in form, 33 in. long, with a calycary zone 13 in. en: the cium 2$ in. in diam.; the interzonary band is 2j in. in diam., and en 3 ; with; vr and operculum are 24 in. in diam., the latter 1$ in. high, quite hollow : a trace of a single dissepiment, and a thick velarium descending into the 250 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. cell for a depth of 5 lines; the operculum is 2 in. thick at the umbonate summit, 3 lines thick at the sides; the body of the pericarp is $ in. thick at the bottom, 4 lines thick at the sides; within are 4 cicatrices, where the seeds were attached. 4. ESCHWEILERA SERRULATA, nob.: ramulis teretibus, fuscis, substriatis, lenticellatis ; foliis ovatis, imo rotundatis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, sursum sensim paullo angustioribus, et in acumen subbreve obtusulum subito constrictis, in margine cartilagineo subrevoluto crenato-serrulatis, dentibus fusco-glandulosis, chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, valde opacis, subplanis, nervis tenuibus divaricatis vix prominulis, reticulatis, costa tenui, carinata, flavida, prominula, subtus luride brun- nescentibus, pruinoso-opacis, nervis venisque flavidis prominentibus, costa striolata, flavida, prominente; petiolo marginato, corruguloso, limbo 15plo breviore: racemis terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus ; rachi subflexuosa, subnodosa : pyxidio sub- globoso, imo hemispheerico ; ad medium zona calycari indistincta cincto ; vitta inter- zonali acclive convexa, diametri 5tam partem alta; zona superiore integra, quam caly- caris paullo minore; operculo convexo, apice umbone majuseulo obtuso apiculato, intus concavo, dissepimenti vestigio signato, cum velario intra faucem descendente; pericarpio crassiuscule coriaceo, fusco-brunneo, opaco, sublevi, lenticellis flavidis sparsis maculato, intus obsolete 2-loculari, imo cicatricibus seminum signato. In Brasilia septent. : v. pl. s. in Mus. Brit., Maranhaó (Gardner, 6028) ; v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. (Gardner). | A low tree or shrub, 8-12 feet high, in dry woods near Maranhaó: it isa species near E. compressa, differing in its larger and more ovate leaves and somewhat larger fruit ; the axils of its branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 3-53 in. long, 13-23 in. broad, on a petiole 23—4 lines long, with about 13 pairs of yellow nerves. Gardner says (Trav. p. 107) that its fruit is different from that of another species he saw at Pernambuco (Chytroma Ibiriba) The pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 4) is 24 in. long, 2$ in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 1 in. above the base; the interzonal band is $ in. high ; the upper zone and operculum 24 in. in diam., the latter 9 lines high, with the velarium descending 3 lines within the mouth ; the pericarp is about 2 lines thick; the seeds are about 1 in. long, 6-8 lines broad, dorsally rounded, angular on the faces, not granosely rugose (as in P. compressa), but, smoother, subrugose, minutely granular, with the branehes of the raphe semiimmersed. 5. ESCHWEILERA FENDLERIANA, nob.: ramis crassis, rugosis: ramulis fuscis, opacis, subbreviter flexuosis, angulato-striatis ; foliis ovalibus, imo rotundatis, vel obtusis, apice rotundiusculis, et in acumen brevissimum obtusulum recurvum abrupte con- strictis, subintegris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, rigide coriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, crebre punetato-granulosis, nervis tenuissimis omnino immersis, eveniis, opacis, cirea costam prominulam sulcatis, subtus pallidissimis, opacis, nervis prominulis, venis crassis ereberrime favoso-reticulatis, costa prominente, imo crassiore et fuscata ; petiolo profunde canaliculato, fusco, corrugulato, limbo 12plo breviore : racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus, hine panieulam pauci- MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 951. floram simulantibus; floribus majusculis, pedicellis longiuseulis, sulcatis, rugulosis ; sepalis ovatis, subinzequalibus, subgranulosis, rubentibus, pulverulento-opacis, mar- gine membranaceo subdenticulatis ; petalis ovatis, submembranaceis, luteis; ovario . fere supero, 2-loculari, ovulis paucis erectis, vertice alte conico ; stylo subbrevi conico umbonato cum stigmate minimo subobsolete ciliato : pyxidio depresse globoso, imo turbinato et obtuse sulcato, infra medium zona calycari e vestigiis sepalorum cincto ; vitta interzonali fere erecta, summo subconvexa, diametri quartam partem alta; zona ` superiore orbieulari; operculo valde depresso-pulvinato, subplanato, medio obtuse umbonato, subtus concavo, dissepimenti vestigio signato ; pericarpio coriaceo, sub- tenui, 2-loculari; seminibus in quoque loculo 2, majusculis, oblongis, lateribus plani- oribus, imo affixis; testa rufula, granoso-scrobiculata. In Venezuela: 4. c. v. s. in herb. Hook., Tovar (Fendler) ; v. Jr. s. in Mus. Kew. (Fendler). This species comes near F. ovata in appearance : the axils of its flexuous branchlets are about $ in. apart; the leaves are 2-23 in. long, 13-13 in. broad, on a petiole 3 lines long, and have about 8 pairs of divaricated nerves curving near the margin, the reticulation of the veins being notably areolated ; the panicle is 3 in. long, its branchlets 1-14 in. long, bearing few flowers; the smooth slender pedicels are 7 lines long; the flower expanded is 2 in. across; the calyx expanded is 6 lines across ; the sepals 2 lines long and broad; the petals 10 lines long, 5 lines broad; the ligula of the androphorum, including the basal ring, is 11 lines long; the semiglobular head, 10 lines in diam., is densely echinated with flattened linear acute appendages : the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 6) is 13 in. long, 2} in. broad, its turbinate base 9 lines below the calycary zone, which is 23 in. in diam.; the interzonal band, somewhat convex, is 8 lines high ; the operculum is 2 in. in diam., nearly flat, and, including the umbonate tip, is 4 lines high; the pericarp is about ¿ in. thick ; the seeds are 1 in. long, 3 in. broad. 6. ESCHWEILERA GUANABARICA, nob.: ramulis teretibus, cinerascentibus, opacis, corru- gato-striatis, lenticellis flavidis sparse verruculosis; foliis ovato-oblongis, imo ob- tusis, vel acutioribus, apice subito acute acuminatis, in marginibus revolutim crenatis punctis obsoletissime serrulatis, chartaceis, supra viridibus, in nervis semi- "inediam suleatulis, transversim reticulatis, costa tenui paullo prominula, subtus dioribus, costa nervisque prominentibus; petiolo tenui, fusco, supra sulcato, 4 ginato, corruguloso, limbo Splo breviore: racemis brevibus, axillaribus, pauci- floris; pedicellis fructiferis brevibus, incrassatis: pyxidio mediocri, truncato-turbi- nato, ve] subhemisphærico, medio zona calycari subevanida cincto; vitta interzonali suberecta, acclive convexa, diametri quintam partem alta ; zona superiore quam caly- sas "XX angustiore, circulari ; operculo depressissimo, minime convexo, centro im e raso, rarius breviter obtuse umbonato, intus concavo, en brunneo - ra marginem velario ad faucem descendente aucto en (ie or caco. meca ess es Ia Deua, pe" o A. 5 e : mee ae, ut in oh di US. h; Di . pl. > ructum in herb. meo, ۱ | USB es, from the Province of Rio de Janeiro, on the coast towards Ca r10, .252 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. very distinct from the two first mentioned. The axils of its slender branchlets are ¿2 in. apart; the leaves are 2-22 in. long, 11-21 lines broad, on a petiole 3-43 lines long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves. I have not seen the inflorescence; but the fructiferous raceme is 1 in. long: the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 7) is turbinate below the middle, is 2 in. long, 24 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 13 lines above the base; the inter- zonary band is 5 lines high; the upper zone and operculum 2$ in. in diam.; the latter is much flattened above, is only 3 lines high, obsoletely bossed in the centre, or with an obtuse umbonate point, 2 lines high; it is concave and subbilocular below, not very thick, and with a velarium descending 3 lines within the mouth.; the pericarp is stouter than in E. compressa, is 3 lines thick, white, opaque, and granulose in the mouth to a depth of 4 lines, where the velarium was attached, subpolished and brown below, where it is transversely ridged by the evanescent dissepiment. The seeds are ovate, subangularly rounded, scrobiculated and grooved along the furcated branches of the imbedded raphe, are 11-12 lines long, and 9 lines broad; in all the hollows of their surface we see a white efllorescence, noticed before in p. 166. 7. ESCHWEILERA IDATIMONOIDES, nob.: Lecythis idatimonoides, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 496, tab. 73. fig. 3: arbuscula, ramulis pulverulentis, verruculosis; foliis sparsis ovali-oblongis, imo in petiolum attenuatis, apice acuminatis, subintegerrimis, vel in marginem revolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, chartaceis, supra nervis tenuibus, patentim divaricatis, paullo prominulis, costa sulcata, subtus nervis venisque reticulatis prominulis, costa prominente ; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 16plo breviore : racemis axillaribus, folio brevioribus; rachi valida, flexuosa, pauciflora; floribus majusculis; pedicellis validis, sulcatis, recurvis, calyce 2—4plo longioribus; sepalis ovatis, vel ovato-oblongis, obtusis, inzequalibus, crassis, convexis, carinatis ; petalis obovatis, aureis; ovario semisupero, 2-loculari, vertice elevato, verruculoso, stylo brevi conico umbonato: pyxidio turbinato, imo rotundato, infra medium zona caly- cari e sepalis majusculis acutis inflexis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali sub- verticali, diametri Svam partem alta; zona superiore integra; operculo circulari, quam vitta 3plo altiore, quam zona latiore, pulvinato, dein conice convexo, obtuse umbonato, irregulariter rugoso, subtus concavo, cum velario subangusto intra faucem descendente. In Guiana Batava (Wullschlegel, 203) : non vidi. The above acount is taken from Berg's description; it appears to differ from Z. Ida- timon, Aubl., in its arborescent habit, somewhat smaller leaves, longer pedicels, much larger flowers, longer and narrower sepals; from ZL. Wullschlegelii (E. macrophylla), in its much smaller leaves, more acute at base, with shorter petioles, and stouter racemes. It approaches E. longipes, and perhaps scarcely differs from it; it has the same-shaped leaves (though smaller and with shorter petioles) ; its inflorescence is remarkably like, a stout flexuous rachis of the same length, with few very large flowers upon very long pedicels, thickened at the apex, and its fruit of similar size and of the same proportions ; it differs from E. ovata in its more oblong leaves, in its shorter raceme, with fewer flowers, on shorter and stouter pedicels. Its leaves, somewhat distant, are 4 in. long, 1} in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long; the rachis of the raceme is 14-2} in. long; Be any Sr Si LR INI MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 253 stout, flexuous, few-flowered ; flowers very large ; pedicels thickened above, 10 lines long; sepals 2-23 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad ; petals 14 lines long; androphorum 9 lines in diam. : style 2 line long: pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 9) 20 lines long; calycary zone 7 lines above the base, 2 in. in diam., with persistent sepals 6 lines long, and as broad at their base; interzonary band nearly 2 in. in diam., and 8 lines high; operculum 2 in. in diam., 11 lines high. 8. ESCHWEILERA CORRUGATA, nob. : Lecythis corrugata, Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 145, tab. 3; DC. Prodr. iii. 292; Miq. in Linn. xxii. 175; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 453: ramulis subvalidis, teretibus, obsolete rugoso-striatis, fuscis vel pallide brunneis, flavide lenticellatis; foliis elongato-oblongis, vel obovato-oblongis, imo obtusis, et in petio- lum breviter aut sensim. acutatis, apice in acumen acutum vel obtusulum sspe canaliculatim reeurvum sensim aut repente attenuatis, integris vel in marginibus cartilagineis subrevolutis punetis obsolete serrulatis, coriaceis, supra leeviusculis, opacis, nervis tenuibus fere immersis, obscure reticulatis, costa paullo prominente, subtus pallidioribus, ferrrugineo-opacis, nervis venisque reticulatis prominulis, costa valida prominente ; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, valde corrugulato, limbo 12plo bre- viore: racemis in axillis solitariis, vel 2-3 fasciculatis et terminalibus, folio bre- vioribus; rachi flexuosa, longe nodosa, angulato-striata, nodis approximatis cum pedicellis articulatis ; pedicellis recurvulis rugosis, ovarioque transversim valde corrugulatis; sepalis oblongis, crassiusculis, granulatim rugulosis, carinatis, margi- nibus membranaceis obsolete denticulatis; ovario semisupero, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus erectis, vertice alte conico, levi, stylo brevissimo tereti apieulato: pyxidio turbinato, imo obconico, creberrime et grosse corrugato-rugoso, supra medium zona calycari e sepalorum vestigiis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali diametri tertiam partem breviore, erecta; zona superiore orbiculari; operculo pulvinato, convexo, sensim obtuse umbonato, intus concavo, vestigio dissepimenti signato, cum velario intra faucem late dependente ; pericarpio coriaceo, crebre transversim corrugulato, dissepimento fere evanido obsolete 2-loculari; seminibus in quoque loculo binis, Ovatis, basi affixis. In Guiana : e. s. in herb. Mus. Brit. et Hook., Cayenne (Martin) ; Karaouary (Sagot, 1032); Demerara (Parker); v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. (Parker). ds Erw tree, the trunk covered by a thick bark composed of op n P eaves are 43-10 in. long, 12-3 in. broad, on à petiole 3-6 Us B El‏ 2 نا rg ۴ pre is 34 in. long; flowers pink ; pedicels 4-5 lin. long » nu Y m X. figs. 10, 11 dm NA 5 lin. broad; androphorum 5 lin. diam. ; jm ۳۳ E and 1-13 E 1 ) 18 13 "n: long, 14-12 in. broad ; calycary zone 6-7 re ue an , 6 lines Sich E diam. ; interzonary band 2-3 lines high; poorer am ae P » With a velarium 1 line deep; pericarp 23 lines thick. 9. Es M were, LONGIPES, nob. : Lecythis longipes, Poit. (non Benth.) Mém. Mus. xii. 3 tab. 1 et tap, 6^; DC. Prodr. iii. 292; Mig. Linn. xxii. 175; Berg, Linn. xxvii. | mulis rugosis, sulcatis, fusco-ferrugineis, opacis, pruinosis, verruculosis ; ۱ foliis i i . . ۰ i: VOL. xxx, oblongis, imo obtusis et in petiolum sspe acutatis, apice in acumen sub 2L. 254 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. acutum vel obtusulum abrupte constrictis, subintegris, vel in margine tenui valde revoluto obsoletissime serrulatis, subcoriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, in nervis semiimmersis sulcatis, reticulatis, costa plana, immersa, fusca, pruinosa, imo crassiore, subtus pallidis, opacis, nervis venisque valde prominentibus, costa strio- lata, fusca, prominente; petiolo fusco, suleato, marginato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 10plo breviore : racemis axillaribus et terminalibus; rachi valida, angulata, fusco- ferruginea, scabride pruinosa, 6-15-flora ; floribus majusculis, leete violaceis; pedun- ` culis tenuibus, longissimis, striatis, subscabridule velutinis, fuscis; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, crassiusculis, subinzequalibus, rugulosis, carinatis, margine ciliatis; petalis magnis, oblongis, concavis; ovario infero, semigloboso, granulato-rugoso, 2-loculari, ovulis plurimis, erectis, vertice plano, flavide opaco, vix striolato; stylo brevissimo, umbonato: pyxidio depresse turbinato, imo rotundato, infra medium zona calycari e sepalis acutis inflexis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, diametri 8vam partem alta; zona superiore integra; operculo primum pulvinatim convexo, dein . late rotundatim umbonato, vitta 3plo altiore, subtus concavo, cum velario intra faucem descendente; pericarpio obsolete 2-loculari; seminibus 2-4, ovali-oblongis, costatis. In Guiana: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Martin) ; fruct. non vidi. A tree 25-30 feet high; the axils of its branchlets 2—1 in. apart; the leaves are 53-7 in. long, 24-34 in. broad, on a petiole 5-7 lines long, with about 16 pairs of nerves, very prominent beneath, irregular in their direction; the rachis of the raceme is stout, about 4 in. long, its nodes 2-3 lines apart; the slender pedicels, slightly thickened above, are 10-18 lines long; the sepals 23 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; petals 15 lines long, 10 lines broad ; androphorum 1 in. in diam. The pyxidium (Plate LX. figs. 12, 13) is 14 in. long, 2 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 6 lines above the base; the interzonary band 3 lines high; the operculum 2 in. in diam., 9 lines high ; pericarp apparently thick, with 2, sometimes 4 seeds, 6 lines long, 4 lines broad. 3 10. ESCHWEILERA LUTEA, nob.: Lecythis lutea, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. 721: Lecythis lon- gipes, Benth. (non Poit.) in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 321: ramulis teretibus, sulcatis, brunneis, opacis, verruculosis ; foliis lanceolato-oblongis, imo obtusis, apice sensim longe et acute acuminatis, subintegris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum punctis obsoletissime serrulatis, subcoriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, nervis patule divergentibus, dein adscendentibus, paullo prominulis, reticulatis, costa strio- lata, subtus pallidis, opacioribus, minutissime granulatis, nervis venisque promi- nentibus ; petiolo fusco, sulcato, subtus corrugulato, limbo 4—5plo breviore: racemo terminali, brevissimo, 3-floro; pedicellis approximatis, calyce 4plo longioribus, tenuibus, apice inflexis; sepalis 5, oblongis, obtusis, crassis, extus convexis, opacis, granulatis, imo gibbosis, marginibus vix tenuibus, obsolete denticulatis : ; ovario fere omnino supero, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 6, e basi erectis, vertice pulvinato, eleväto, flavide opaco, corrugulato; stylo late conico; stigmate minuto, papilloso, albido. In Guiana (Aublet): v.s. in herb. Hook., Guiana Brit. (Schomburgk, 438). This plant quite agrees with Aublet's short description of his Lecythis lutea. It * oe aes MID: UST EON TUITION RE ES == duo: b el A ae P A A o A a Se IU MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 255 differs from Lecythis longipes, Poit., in its narrower, more lanceolate leaves, gradually much attenuated, less coriaceous, not sulcated in the nervures, with different nervation, upon shorter petioles, in the extremely short rachis of its terminal receme, bearing only 3 approximated flowers upon more slender pedicels, in having only five sepals, an almost superior ovary, with an elevated conical summit. The leaves are 43-72 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, on a petiole 23-4 lines long; pedicels 16 lines long, slender and striated; sepals 4 lines long, 23 lines broad; the petals and androphorum are wanting in the specimen I have seen. . 11. ESCHWEILERA VERRUCULOSA, nob.: Lecythis verruculosa, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. 502: Lecythis pedicellaris, DC. (in parte) Prodr. iii. 292 : ramulis gracilibus, cortice pallido, lenticellis verruculosis; foliis sparsis, ovali-oblongis, imo obtusis et in peti- olum subito brevissime acutatis, apice sensim attenuatis, subintegris vel in margine tenui revoluto et subundulato obsoletissime serrulatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra viridibus, subconvexis, minutissime granulatis, nervis plurimis tenuissimis parallelim patule divaricatis, semiimmersis, reticulatis, costa prominula, subtus albide pruinosis, nervis paullo prominulis, costa crassiuscula prominente ; -petiolo canalieulato, limbo l0-15plo breviore: racemis 3-4 congestis, axillaribus, vel plurimis aggregatis et terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi recta, angulosa, flexuosa, subrubescente, 18-30-flora; bracteis ovatis, concavis, deciduis; pedicellis recurvis, subsecundis, rubentibus, corrugulatis ; sepalis oblongis, rotundatis, brevibus, patentibus, crassis, corrugulatis, rubenti-viridibus, dorso convexis, margine membranaceis et ciliolatis ; petalis obtuse vel rotundato-ovatis, viridi-albis; ovario fere supero, turbinato, gros- sule verruculoso, 2-loculari, ovulis plurimis e basi erectis, vertice intra discum elevato, conice pulvinato; stylo brevi umbonato. In Brasilia ad Amazonas, in Rio Negro (Mart, 2817) : non vidi. ; Dr. Berg states that DeCandolle founded his Lecythis pedicellaris on three specimens in Martius’s herbarium, consisting of the leaves of this species mixed with the flowers of Lecythis albiflora ; and as the flowers have long pedicels in the latter, and short ones in the present instance, he suppressed the species named by DeCandolle, and established = Perfect plant under the more appropriate designation of verruculosa. Berg says it ve from E, corrugata in its more membranaceous leaves and racemose flowers. The are 23-43 in. long, 2-2 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long; the rachis of the raceme is stout and straight, 13—44 in. long, bearing 18 to 30 flowers, the pedicels are t B . 4 le «line long; the flower in bud 6 lines in diam.; calyx expanded 6 lines in diam. ; sepals 1 line long. iv | 12. Esc ii ; ; HWEILERA BLANCHETIANA, nob.: Lecythis Blanchetiana, Berg in. Mart. Fl. Bras. ۰ €. p. 495 ۰ cs gli in Linn. xxvii. 455: Lecythis ovata, var. ovalifolia, Berg in .. Fl. sarete ^- PP. 498 et 618, pl. 7. fig. 154: Lecythis odoratissima, Salzm. MSS. : ra- ovalib ag de brunneis, vel cinereis, interrupte striatis, valde verraculosis : foliis - 4S, 1mo rotundatis vel obtusis, et in petiolum brevissime acutatis, - sensim | | 2L 256 MR. J. MIERS ON THE ۰ obtusis, e£ in acumen breve obtusulum sspe recurvulum constrietis, subintegris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum subrevolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, coriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, subopacis, nervis vix prominulis, subtus ochraceo-opacis, nervis venisque reticulatis prominulis; petiolo crassiusculo, limbo 20plo breviore: panicula terminali vel in ramulis novellis racemiformi, folio tertia parte breviore; rachi fusca, angulata, creberrime nodosa; pedicellis calyci subequilongis, ad nodos - articulatis; sepalis insequalibus, rotatis, oblongis, crassiusculis, rugulosis, margine vix ciliolatis ; petalis late ovatis, concavis ; ovario semisupero, imo obsolete turbinato, 2-loculari, loculis superioribus, ovulis plurimis e basi radiantibus, vertice intra discum elevato, depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato; stylo late et breviter conico umbonato; . stigmate minimo, subgloboso: pyxidio subgloboso, paullo supra medium zona caly- cari indistincta cincto; vitta interzonali acclive convexa, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore orbiculari, quam inferior paullo minore; operculo depresse pulvi- nato, umbonato, subtus concavo; pericarpio coriaceo, 2-loculari, loculo uno fere abortivo, altero paucispermo; seminibus ovatis, angulato-subcompressis, pallidis; testa cartilaginea, raphe ramosa signata. In Brasilia, Bahia (sec. Berg, Blanchet 382 et 3110 A.): v.s. im herb. Hook., Bahia (Salzmann); Bahia (Talbot): fruct. This species is considered by Berg a variety of E. ovata ; but it differs in its more apiculated leaves, in its inflorescence, more superior ovary, and its fruit; from F. tenaz in its smaller, more oval leaves, and almost panicular terminal inflorescence. The leaves are 33—41 in. long, 16-24 lines broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, and have about 12 pairs of nerves, with others shorter intermediate, all anastomosing: the rachis of the racemes is 1-1} in. long, with flowering nodes 1 line apart; pedicels 2 lines long; flower expanded 1j in. across; sepals 2 lines long, 13 line broad; petals 8 lines long, 6 lines broad; ligula of androphorum covered at its base for half its length with staminiferous appendages, with the hood densely echinated with sterile appendages. The pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 14, from Berg’s description) is 14 in. long, 13 in. broad; calycary zone 9 lines above the base; interzonary band 4 lines high; operculum 12 in. in diam., 5 lines high. 13. ESCHWEILERA LAVIFOLIA, nob. : Lecythis levifolia, Griseb. MSS. : ramulis angulato- striatis, verruculosis ; foliis maximis, ovato-oblongis, imo rotundis, apice obtusis, vel in acumen breviusculum subacutum recurvulum attenuatis, subintegris, vel in margine cartilagineo subrevoluto obsolete serratis, valde coriaceis, supra viridulis, Opacis, in nervis late sulcatis, nervis parallele subdivergentibus, vix prominulis, crebre reticulatis, subtus ochraceo-pallidioribus, valde opacis, subpruinosis, nervis prominulis, costa striata prominente, imo latiore; petiolo valido, fusco, profunde et anguste canaliculato, subtus corrugato, fusco, limbo 14plo breviore: paniculis ter- minalibus, folio subbrevioribus ; rachi crassiuscula, fusca, ramisque nodosis angulato- striatis ; pedicellis longiusculis, validis, sulcatis, obsolete verruculosis ; sepalis ovatis, crassiuseulis, imo gibbosis, extus pulverulentis, verruculosis, intus flavidis; petalis MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE EX. 257 ovatis, convexis, submembranaceis, flavis, extus imo subvariolatis; ovario infero, minute lenticellato, 2-loculari, ovulis 4—6 in quoque loculo, érectis, vertice depresse pulvinato, stylo. brevi crasso. umbonato: pyxidio turbinato, imo obconico, sulcato, sub medium zona calycari e sepalis 6 linea nexis eincto; vitta interzonali acelive convexa, diametri dimidium alta; zona superiore circulari, integra; operculo ignoto. In ins. Trinidad: v. s. in herb. Hook., in flore et in fr. immaturo (Prestoe) ; idem (Oruger, 302) ; idem in sylvis (Purdie, 37); v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. (Purdie). The axils are 2-1 in. apart; the leaves are 43-12 in. long, 32-64 in. broad, on a petiole 4-8 lines long, and with about 13-15 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and interme- diate; the branches of the panicle, or rachis of the racemes are 2-3 in. long; with nodes 2-4 lines apart; the pedicels are 3 lines long; the calyx expanded is 6 lines across ; the sepals 2$ lines long and broad; the petals in the bud 9 lines long, 6 lines broad ; the androphorum, with a fleshy bare ligula 4 lines wide, has a broader semiglobose head, very convex, very densely echinated within by innumerable sterile appendices; the style is 3 line long; the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 15) is a little gibbous by the semi- abortion of one of the cells, is 14 in. long without the operculum; the calycary zone is 7 lines above the base, li in. in diam. ; the interzonary band, very convex, is 8-9 lines high; the upper zone entire, 14 in. in diameter. l4. ESCHWEILERA OVATA, Mart. : Lecythis ovata, Camb. Fl. Bras. Mer. ii. 378, tab. 158; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. J. c. p. 467 (exc. syn. plur.); Linn. xxvii. 454: ramulis rugu- losis, interrupte striatis, pallide brunneis, vel glauco-opacis, lenticellis majusculis flavidis verrueulosis; foliis ovali-ellipticis, imo obtusis, aut acutioribus, supra medium sensim rotundiusculis, apice in acumen acutum vel obtusum canaliculatim Tecurvum constrictis, in margine paullo revoluto obsolete serratis, aut fere in- tegris, subcoriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, sublucentibus, nervis prominulis, reti- eulatis, subtus pallidioribus, opacis, nervis tenuibus venisque paullo prominulis, costa striata prominente ; petiolo canaliculato, marginato, granulatim ruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus, solitariis vel binis, folio *quilongis; rachi tenui, tereti, striata, lenticellata; floribus majusculis, odoratis ; pedicellis tenuibus, longiuseulis, fuscis, striatis, patentibus vel nutantibus; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, carinatis, marginibus crenulatis et serrato-denticulatis; petalis 9 longis, concavis, margine denticulatis; ovario infero, turbinato, pilosulo vel pruinoso, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo, erectis, vertice depresse pulvinato, ra- diatim striato; stylo subbrevi, imo conico, sensim tenuiore ; stigmate minimo albo : Lyxidio immaturo parvo, subgloboso, paullo supra mediam zona calycari e sepalis 6 acutis radiantibus linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali angusta, erecta, diametri am partem alta ; zona superiore inferiorem «equante, orbiculari ; oper culo depr T€ a, convexo, longe et obtuse umbonato, intus concavo, cum velario crassi- sin intra faucem descendente; pericarpio coriaceo, 2-loculari, "onim et jas 0 ne unilaterali; seminibus paueis, hilo er dod bos £08) atis, B. : s d uco (Ga 1029); > ES us eae : v. 8. in hb. variis, circa Pernam | » Pernambuco (Gardner). 258 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. A. small tree, about 20 feet high, abundant in sandy woods about 10 miles from Per- nambuco. St.-Hilaire found it as far south as Espiritu Santo; and the specimens agree well with his drawing. The axils of its branches are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 21-41 in. long, 14-23 in. broad, on a petiole 2-4 lines long, with about 12 pairs of nerves and others intermediate anastomosed; the rachis of the terminal raceme is 12 in. long, with prominent nodes 2-3 lin. apart; pedicels gradually shortening from 8 to 4 lines long ; flower in bud 3 in. broad, globular; sepals 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; petals 10 lin. long, 5 lin. broad ; style 1} line long; pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 16) 14 in. high, 12 in. broad; caly- cary zone $ in. above base ; interzonal band 3 lines high; upper zone and operculum 12 in. in diam.; operculum in. high, its velarium 1 in. in diam. and 1 line deep; pericarp 2-celled. 15. EscHwEILERA LUSCHNATIL, nob.: Lecythis Luschnatii, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 499, tab. 74: ramulis teretibus, pallide brunneis, rugulosis et verruculosis; foliis elliptico-oblongis vel anguste oblongis, imo obtusis et petiolum canaliculatim mar- ginantibus, apice breviter et obtusule acuminatis, seepe complicatis, integris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum paullulo revolutum obsoletissime crenulatis, rigide charta- ceis, supra pallide viridibus, sublucentibus, nervis venisque reticulatis prominulis, ad costam tenuem prominulam sulcatis, subtus luride brunnescentibus, opacis, nervis venisque prominulis, costa striolata prominente; petiolo subtenui, patente, marginibus ineurvis profunde canaliculato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 20plo breviore: racemis in ramulis axillaribus, vel pluribus congestis et terminalibus, simplicibus, folio dimidio brevioribus; pedicellis tenuibus, recurvis, calyce 4-6plo longioribus, pruinosis; sepalis oblongis, fuscis, opace pruinosis, imo gibbosis, margine membranaceo ciliato-denticu- latis ; petalis oblongis, marginibus denticulatis ; ovario semisupero, turbinato, sulcato, pruinose irrorato, 2-loculari, ovulis in loculis pluribus, e basi erectis, vertice pulvinato, striato ; stylo brevi, conico, obtuso : pyxidio immaturo depresse globoso, imo obconice turbinato, ad medium zona calycari e sepalis auctis divaricatis cincto; vitta inter- zonali brevi, subconvexa, diametri decimam partem alta; zona superiore circulari; operculo convexo, pulvinato, apice alte et obtuse umbonato, cum velario intra faucem descendente ; pericarpio verruculoso, striato, punctis flavidis maculato, 2-loculari. In Brasilia (sec. Berg), in prov. Ilheos (Luschnatt, 65): v. s. in hb. Hook. sine loco (-Burchell, 9883 bis, cum fructu immaturo). 1 A middling-sized tree, with the axils of its branchlets about 4 in. apart ; leaves 31-44 in. long, 14-14 in. broad, on a petiole 21-3 lin. long, and with about 12 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosed ; rachis of panicle 21 in. long, its branchlets 9 lines long, each 1-2-3-flowered ; slender pedieel 6-12 lines long ; flower in bud 6 lines broad; sepals 2 lines long; petals 8 lines long; immature pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 17) 10 lines long; calycary zone 5 lines from base, 14 in. in diam. ; interzonal band 2 lines high ; opereulum 1 in. in diam., 3 lines high. Martius states that its fruit resembles that of J. Idatimon, Aubl., but is a little longer. 16. ESCHWEILERA PLATYCARPA, nob. : Lecythis platycarpa, Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. p. 146; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 1. c. p. 618: Lecythis longipes, var. platycarpa, DC. Prodr. iii. | : 3 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEZX. 259 292: ramulis brunneis vel rubescentibus, lenticellis elongatis flavidis verruculosis ; foliis ovato-oblongis vel oblongis, imo subrotundatis et in petiolum brevissime acu- tatis, apice in acumen acutum subito attenuatis, crenulato-serratis, vel in margine cartilagineo paullo revoluto punctis obsoletissime serrulatis, rigide chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuibus, subimmersis, arcuatim divaricatis, crebre reticulatis, subtus opace flavidioribus, costa striolata nervis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo validiusculo, fusco, tereti, marginato, limbo 16-20plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio dimidio brevioribus; rachi valida, geniculatim flexuosa, valde nodosa, pluriflora; floribus majusculis; pedicellis in alabastro brevi- bus, demum longioribus, cum nodis articulatis, apice crassioribus, fuscis, pruinosis, striatis; sepalis oblongis, obtusulis, pruinosis, convexis, crassiusculis, gibbosis, medio tuberculatis, marginibus membranaceis. et ciliolatis; petalis ovatis, albis ; androphoro luteo ; ovario semiinfero, turbinato, 6-sulcato, 2-loculari, ovulis paucis e : basi erectis, vertice elevato, pulvinato, radiatim striato; stylo brevi, obtuse conico; stigmate obsolete 2-lobato: pyxidio subparvo, depresse lentiformi, imo convexo, ad ‘medium zona calycari e sepalis inflexis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali brevis- sima ; opereulo circulari depresse convexo, umbonato, intus concavo, cum velario angustissimo intra faucem descendente aucto ; pericarpio coriaceo, 2-loculari, loculis monospermis. In Guiana: v. s. in hb. Mus. Brit. in flore, Cayenne (Martin); Guiana (Anderson) ; in hb. Hook. et Mus. Brit., Karaouary (Sagot, 1139). A large suffruticose tree, found in savannas round the town of Cayenne. It is easily distinguished from E. longipes by its larger and smoother leaves, longer inflorescence, — granulated rachis, more slender pedicels, and other characters. Its leaves are 5-72 in. long, 21-31 in, broad, on a stout petiole 3-5 lines long, and have about 12 pairs of slender nerves, with several others shorter intervening, all anastomosing ; the rachis ` vs raceme is about 23 in. long, with prominent geniculate nodes 2-3 lines apart, with pedicels articulated on the nodes 2 lines long in the bud, 10 lines long in the flower ; the Mai are 3 lines long, 2 lines broad; the flower in bud is globular, 1 in. in diam. ; the Pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 18) is 12 in. in diam., 6 lines high. 17. BSOHWEILBRA PARVIFOLIA, Mart. in DC. Prod. iii. 293: Lecythis parvifolia, Berg in Mart, Fl. Br. 7. c. p. 496 et 618 : Linn. xxvii. 455 : ramulis teretiusculis, pruinosis ; foliis ovato-oblongis, imo obtusis, apice sensim acuminatis, integerrimis, supra Pallidis, leevigatis, nitidis, nervis venisque reticulatis vix visibilibus, costa pro- minente, Subtus opacis, nervis tenuibus venisque prominulis, costa prominente ; ix tenui, canaliculato, limbo 10plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminali- Dus, folio. brevioribus ; rachi gracili, 6-13-flora ; floribus mediocribus ; sepalis sub- s qualibus, ovato-oblongis, obtusatis, pedicello dimidio brevioribus, imo gibbis, margine ciliolatis ; petalis ovato-oblongis; ovario semiinfero, 2-loculari, stylo bre- emen obtuso umbonato: pyxidio parvo, oblongato, imo turbinato, paullo supra ۳3 ee calycari e sepalis recurvatis linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali altius- vexo, obtus, zona superiore circulari, inferiori æquilata; operculo altiusculo, oa e umbonato; pericarpio coriaceo, rugoso, obsolete 2-loculari, abortu 260 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEZ. monospermo. In Amazonas, fl. Solimoes, Ega, in sylvis inundatis prope ripas lacus (Póppig, 2507) ; non vidi. ۱ ۱ 'The above description is taken from that of Berg, and must not be confounded with L. parviflora, Aubl. It is a tree 30-40 feet high ; the leaves are 2-63 in. long, 8-36 lines broad, on a petiole 5—7 lines long; and they have about 10 pairs of imbedded nerves, arcuately anastomosed and reticulated, scarcely visible above, little prominent below: the rachis of the raceme is 1-14 in. long; the flower in bud ğ in. in diam. ; sepals 1} line long; petals 6 lines long; style 1 line long: the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 21) is 14 lines long, 6 lines broad ; calycary zone 9 lines above the base; interzonary band 2 lines high; operculum 34 lines high. ۱ 18. ESCHWEILERA PARVIFLORA, nob.: Lecythis parviflora, Aubl. Pl. Gu. ii. 717, tab. 285 et 287; DC. Prodr. iii. 202; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 453: ramis dichotomis, ramulis tenuibus, fusco brunneis, striatis, verruculosis; foliis oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen subacutum abrupte attenuatis, integris vel in margine cartilagineo sub- revoluto punctis obsoletissime serrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, sub- nitidis, nervis tenuissimis subimmersis, reticulatis, costa tenui carinata flavida pro- minula, subtus fulvide pallidioribus, opaeis, nervis venisque prominulis, costa suleata prominente; petiolo fusco, subtenui, marginato, subtus corruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: paniculis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio subzequilongis, ramosis ; rachi subtenui compressa, nodosa, pruinosa, ramis subtenuibus; floribus parvis, odoratis; pedicellis tenuibus, brevibus, minutissime granülosis: pyxidio ovato, supra medium zona calycari e sepalis divaricatis in lineam nexis cincto; vitta interzonali diametri quintam partem alta, acclive convexa; zona superiore circulari ; operculo vitte sequialto, convexe pulvinato, apice obtuse umbonato, intus concavo, dissepimento tenui persistente, cum velario intra faucem longe descendente ; pericarpio coriaceo, incomplete 2-loculari, loculis 1-spermis ; seminibus oblongis, longitudinaliter striatis, hilo basali affixis. In Guiana: v. s. in hb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet). A shrub with a trunk 3 feet high; the axils of its branchlets + in. apart; the leaves are 3-5 in. long, 14-13 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lin. long, and with about 12 pairs of nerves divaricating and ascending near the margin, with others shorter and inter- mediate, all anastomosing ; the panicle is 2 in. long, the slender pedicels 2 lin. long : the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 19) is 1 inch long; the calycary zone 7 lines above the base, and 10 lin. in diam.; the interzonal band is 9 lin. high; the operculum 8 lin. in diam., 3 lines high, with a pendent velarium 3 lines deep; the seeds are 9 lin. long, 4 lin. broad. 19. ESCHWEILERA MICRANTHA, nob.: Lecythis micrantha, Berg in Linn. xxvii. 454: ramulis subtenuibus brunneis, interrupte striolatis, opacis, remote verruculosis; folis oblongis vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo obtusis aut sspe acutioribus, apicem versus sensim angustioribus et in acumen longiuseulum sspe acutissimum vel obtusulum sensim attenuatis, integris vel in margine cartilagineo valde revoluto punctis obsoletissime serrulatis, chartaceis, supra lwviusculis, subopace viridibus, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 261 nervis patentim divaricatis et curvatis, semiimmersis, reticulatis, subtus ochraceo- opacis, nervis venisque prominulis, costa prominente; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, ` marginato, subtus granoso-ruguloso, limbo 22plo breviore: panicula in ramis novellis tenuibus terminali; rachi tenui, striata, fusco-pruinosa; floribus parvis; pedicellis tenuibus, ealyee duplo longioribus; sepalis parvis, rotundato-ovatis, valde . eonvexis, imo gibbosis, rotatis, marginibus membranaceis, ciliatis; petalis obovatis, concavis; ovario semiinfero, granuloso, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 2, e basi erectis, vertice pulvinatim elevato, radiatim striato, stylo brevissimo apiculato. In Guiana Brit. interiore: v. s. in hb. variis, Rio Branco, Parimo (Schomb. 865). This scarcely differs from L. parviflora of Aubl.; but its leaves are more pallid, with a somewhat different venation, with rather smaller flowers; the leaves are 33-52 in. long, 13-2 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, and with about 14 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosed; rachis of racemes 13 in. long; pedicels 3-1 lin. long; flowers in bud 3 lines in diam.; sepals } line long and broad; petals 4 lines long. ۱ | 20. ESCHWEILERA SIBERIANA, Mart.: Lecythis Siberiana, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 501: frutex, ramulis verruculosis; foliis ovalibus vel ovato-oblongis, imo rotun- datis et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice breviter acuminatis, subintegris vel in marginibus undulatis obsoletissime subserrulatis aut serrulatis, ehartaceis, supra nervis tenuibus venisque reticulatis parum prominulis, subtus nervis costaque pro- minulis; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, folio di- midio brevioribus ; rachi gracilenta, flexuosa, paueiflora, pruinosa; floribus majus- culis; sepalis parvis, inzequalibus, rotundatis; petalis 12plo longioribus, obovatis ; ovario subinfero, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus basilaribus, vertice subplano, stylo brevissimo vix umbonato : pyxidio subparvo, subgloboso, imo turbinatim rotundo, ad medium zona calyeaxi e sepalis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali subconvexa ; zona Superiore convexa, integra; operculo orbiculari, convexo. In Brasilia ad Pará (Siber) : non vidi. | m " tree or shrub, with leaves 3-44 in. long, 16-30 lines broad, on a petiole ie lines E cepe of raceme 2-21 in. long ; sepals 4-1 line long; petals 1 in. long; pyxidium ۱ fig. 22) 10 lines long, 12 lines broad; calycary zone 5 lines above base; inter- usn band 2 lines high; opereulum 10 lines broad, 3 lines high. Berg states that this igi near Chytroma Spruceana, differing in its shorter petioles and its 2-celled ovary. s BAOHWEILBRA NANA, nob.: Lecythis nana, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 617: umilis, caule suffruticoso, dense verrucoso; foliis sparsis, subsessilibus, ovatis vel ee. imo obtusis vel subcordatis, apice apiculatis, serrulatis, glabris, supra am o-viridibus, glaucescentibus, nervis tenuibus venisque reticulatis, prominulis, bus costa nervisque prominentibus, petiolis vix ullis: racemis axillaribus et ter- pna folio longioribus; rachi valida, angulosa, flexuosa, nigro-violacea, glabra, Won; pedicellis validis, alabastro brevioribus; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, in "qualibus, pedicello duplo longioribus, pallide marginatis, denticulatis, dorso sub B > i 1 1 ۰ ۰ ۰ ۰ VOL, E وت ی‎ obovatis, imo subcoalitis, luteis, sepalis duplo pana ie ; andro- 262 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. phoro majusculo ; ovario infero, 2-loculari ; stylo crasso, conico : pyxidio 2-3-spermo. In Brasilia meridionali, prope Camacuam (Riedel) : non vidi. j : A small shrub, according to Riedel, not more than a foot high, found by him in the south of Matto-grosso, not far from the northern limit of Paraguay. It is a species remarkable for its low stature and rather large sessile leaves, which are 21-74 in. long, 3-43 in. broad; its racemes are 4-7 in. long ; the stout pedicels 2-3 lines long ; sepals 4-5 lines long, 3-4 lines broad; petals 9-10 lines long; androphorum 8 lines broad; style llinelong. According to Berg, it differs from his Lecythis coriacea in its low stature, subsessile leaves, racemes longer than they, larger and more obtuse sepals, and pyxidium with few seeds. | 22. ESCHWEILERA LURIDA, nob.: ramulis fusco- vel cinereo-brunneis, substriatis, len- ticellis oblongis flavidis creberrime verruculosis; foliis lanceolato- vel elliptico- oblongis, imo rotundatis, supra medium sensim angustioribus, apice in acumen longiusculum acutum subrepente et valde attenuatis, margine denticulis parvis duplicato-serratis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra planis, luride viridibus, opacis, nervis tenuissimis, vix prominulis, creberrime reticulatis, subtus ferrugineo-pulverulentis, valde opacis, nervis stramineis paullo prominulis, costa tenui prominente; petiolo subtenui, canaliculato, ruguloso, limbo 14plo breviore: racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus, rachi crassiuscula, pauciflora; pedicello in fruetu incrassato, valido, longiusculo: pyxidio (adhue immaturo) turbinato, imo obconico, medio zona calycari e sepalis acutis divaricatis linea nexis cincto; vitta interzonali alta, pulvinatim valde convexa ; zona superiore circulari, quam calycaris multo minore; operculo convexo, radiatim striato, umbone alto et conico terminato, undique lenticellis flavidis maculato. In Brasilia septentrionali: v. pl. s. sine flore, cum fructu immaturo (Burchell, 10,000). A species near Æ. nana, but apparently of much taller growth: its axils 2-1 in. apart, the leaves are 4-7} in. long, 13-21 in. broad, on a petiole 3-5 lines long; the rachis of the raceme is 1 in. long, bearing the cicatrices of several flowers; the thickish pedicel is 3 lines long; the pyxidium (Plate LX. fig. 23) is 1 in. long, 2 in. broad at the caly- cary zone, formed of 6 acute persistent sepals, each 5 lines long, 4 lines broad ; inter- zonary band 3 lines high ; upper zone and operculum 5 lines in diam., the latter pulvinate depressed, 4 lines high, with an elevated umbonate point. 23. ESCHWEILERA SAGOTIANA, nob.: Lecythis parviflora, Sagot, MS. (non Aubl.): ramis validis, fuscis, rugulosis ; ramulis subteretibus, griseo- vel rubro-brunneis, cortice rimoso, lenticellato-verruculosis; foliis ovalibus vel ovato-elliptieis, imo obtusis aut acutioribus, apice in acumen brevissimum acutum subito apiculatis, subintegris, vel in margine tenuiter cartilagineo et subrevoluto obsolete crenatis, coriaceis, supra pallidissimis, opacis, nervis immersis, reticulatis, costa prominente, subtus valde fulvo-opacis, nervis venis costaque sulcata prominulis; petiolo subvalido, rubidulo, late marginato, extus ruguloso, limbo 10-16plo breviore: paniculis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus, simpliciter ramosis, rachi compressa, angulato-striata, nodulosa ; pedicellis tenuibus, imo 2-bracteolatis, calyce duplo longioribus ; bracteolis MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. ` 263 ovatis, membranaceis, caducis ; floribus subparvis, odoratis; sepalis oblongis, rotun- datis, patentibus, imo crassis, gibbosis, granulato-rugulosis, margine late submem- branaceis et subdenticulatis ; petalis triplo longioribus, obovatis, concavis, inzequali- bus, albis et flavide punctulatis; androphoro luteo; ovario fere supero, imo um- bilieatim 6-lobo, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 3, erectis, vertice intra discum. elevato, depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato, stylo brevi obtuso umbonato. In Guiana: v. pl. s. im hb. Mus. Brit. et Kew., Karaouary (Sagot, 1104, sub Lec. . parviflora). Its leaves are 33-53 in. long, 13-23 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, and with about 8-10 pairs of nerves arcuately conjoined with others shorter, very reticulated ; rachis of racemes slender, 2-24 in. long, branches + in. long, bearing 2 flowers ; pedicels slender, 21-3 lines long; bracts 1 line long; sepals 14 line long, 1 line broad; petals 5 lines long ; androphorum 5 lines in diameter. This species in no way approaches E. parviflora; it differs in its more corrugated branches, its much larger, broader, more oval, and very coriaceous leaves, which are pallid and smooth above, with nerves entirely immersed, ochreous below, with very pro- minent midrib and nerves, with thicker corrugated petioles, in the branches of the panicle compressed, flat, stouter, ferruginous, subpolished and striated, and in its white (not golden-coloured) petals. ۱ 24. ESCHWEILERA MACROPHYLLA, nob.: Lecythis macrophylla, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 616: Lecythis Wullschlegeliana, Berg, /. c. p. 493: ramulis teretibus, pallide brunneis, vel fuscioribus, opacis, lenticellis flavis verruculosis, junioribus teretibus subleevibus ; foliis oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen angustum seepe recurvum subito attenuatis, subintegris vel in margine cartilagineo revoluto punctis obsole- tissime serratis, subcoriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, nervis tenuibus divaricato- adscendentibus vix prominulis, crebre reticulatis, subtus pallidioribus, opacis, costa valida nervisque flavidulis prominentibus ; petiolo crassiusculo, sulcato et marginato, corrugato-granuloso, limbo 15-24plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio dimidio brevioribus, rachi subtenui, valde geniculata, angulata, subflexuosa, longe nodosa, fusca; floribus majusculis, cirea 8-12; pedicellis subtenuibus, calyce 2-3plo longioribus, scabride granulosis; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, convexis, imo valde gibbosis, fuscis, subpruinosis, margine ciliatis; petalis flavidis ; ovario semi- infero, ruguloso, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus basifixis, vertice elevato, depresse pulvi- nato, stylo crasso brevi umbonato. In Guiana Gallica (Poiteaw); in Guiana Ba- tava, Paramaribo (Wullschlegel, 1471): v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Guiana Batava (Anderson). the i in diam petals 14 in, long; androphorum 1 in. in diameter. 2x2 M 264 . ' MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. This species is near E. platycarpa ; but the rachis of the inflorescence is more slender, more geniculated, the pedicels more slender, shorter, and the sepals smaller. 25. ESCHWEILERA FLACCIDA, nob.: ramulis subvirgatis, teretibus, cinerascenti-brun- neis, striolatis, subleevibus ; foliis late oblongis, vel elliptico-oblongis, imo obtusatis, apice in acumen subacutum subito constrictis, in margine tenui revoluto punctis obsolete serrulatis, flaccide submembranaceis, supra leete viridibus, opacis, minute glauco-granulatis, nervis tenuissimis venisque reticulatis prominulis, costa promi- nente, subtus fere concoloribus, opacioribus, costa striolata nervis venisque promi- nentibus, sub lente minutissime granulatis; petiolo fusco, limbo 12-14plo breviore: racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus, rachi brevi, rugosa, erebre nodosa ; floribus majusculis; pedicellis calyce longioribus, superne crassioribus, angulato-sulcatis, minute granulosis; sepalis sequalibus, oblongis, obtusatis, crassis, fuscis, opacis, medio rugulosis, imo gibbosis, erectiusculis; petalis androphoroque sicco flavis; ovario semiinfero, turbinato, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 6, uniseriatis, e basi adscendentibus, radiantibus, vertice elevato, depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato, stylo brevi conico umbonato; stigmate minimo, niveo. In Guiana Gallica : v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Van Rohr). A species near E. macrophylla, differing in its slender branchlets, broader leaves, which are flaccidly membranaceous, in its short terminal racemes, with closely approximated flowers. The leaves are 43-8 in. long, 14-32 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lines long; the raceme is 1} in. long, with nodes } line apart; the pedicels are 5 lines long; the sepals 4 lines long, 13 line broad; the androphorum 9 lines in diameter. 26. ESCHWEILERA SIMPLEX, nob. : ramulis subtenuibus, teretibus, paullo flexuosis, pallide brunneis, interrupte striolatis, verruculosis; foliis subremotis, elongato-oblongis vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo obtusis vel sensim subacutis, apice in acumen longiuscule angustum obtusulum subrepente attenuatis, integerrimis, vel obsolete crenulatis, margine subcartilagineo et subrevoluto, chartaceis, supra pallide et leete viridibus, subopacis, nervis tenuissimis subimmersis, parallele divergentibus, reticulatis, costa vix prominula, subtus concoloribus, costa granulatim punctata nervis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo semitereti, fusco, ruguloso, limbo 40—50plo breviore: racemo terminali, folio 6plo breviore ; rachi tenui, 1-flora; floribus majuseulis. In Guiana: v. 8. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Martin). A species near Æ. lutea, but easily recognized by its slender branches, its distant leaves on extremely short petioles, and its slender, single, terminal flower. Its axils are 13-2 in. apart; the leaves are 8-94 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, on a petiole 1 line long, and with about 12 pairs of nerves, with 1 longer and 2 shorter intermediate nervures ; the rachis of the terminal raceme is about 1 in. long, bearing on its summit a single flower, the slender pedicel of which is 14 in. long; the petals are about in. long, the androphorum 7 lines in diameter, all pulverulent outside. As there is only a single flower glued to the sheet, I could not ascertain its structure. | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. + 265 27. ESCHWEILERA PACHYSEPALA, Mart.: Lecythis pachysepala, Spruce, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 494: ramulis teretibus, subtenuibus, cinereo- vel pallide brunneis, rugoso- striatis, tuberculis parvis verruculosis; foliis elongato-oblongis, imo obtusis et in petiolum sensim acutioribus, apice in acumen angustum longiusculum seepe canali- eulatim recurvum attenuatis, marginibus subrevolutis, punctis obsolete erenulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, minutissime granulatis, nervis patentim divaricatis et adscendenter curvatis, paullo prominulis, crebre reticulatis, subtus pal- lidiusculis, flavidioribus, valde opacis, subpulverulentis, nervis venisque pallidioribus prominentibus, costa carinata prominente; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, corrugulato, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, vel plurimis in panieula terminalibus ; rachi genieulatim flexuosa, longe nodosa, angulatim striata, opaca, pulverulente granulosa; pedicellis longis, fuscis, angulatis, striolatis, sursum incrassatis; sepalis majuseulis, oblongis, obtusis, subinzequalibus, valde incrassatis, convexis, pruinosis, corrugulatis, margine tenui sinuato-denticulatis; petalis majusculis, obovatis, siccis flavis, membranaceis, venosis, margine ciliatis; ovario semisupero, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus e basi dissepimenti radiatim erectis, vertice intra discum pulvinatim ele- vato, corrugato-striato, stylo conico brevissimo umbonato. In Guiana et Brasilia septentr.: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Van Rohr); in hb. variis, Rio Negro (Spruce, 1912). This is a tree 40—50 feet high, growing in a gapo (inundated land) between Barra and Bareellos; it is one of the kinds whose fruit is called Mocacarecuya. The leaves are 33-63 in. long, 13-22 in. broad, on a petiole 4—6 lines long, and have about 14 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing; the raceme is 3-6 in. long, with nodes 1-1 line long, and 4-4 in. apart; pedicels 8-13 lines long; sepals 2-4 lines long, 11-3 lines broad; petals 9 lines long, of a red colour; androphorum 6 lines in diam., of a pale sulphur; flower expanded 2 in. broad. ~- 28. ESCHWEILERA PANICULATA, nob. : Lecythis paniculata, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. P. 501: ramulis cortice rimoso, fusco-ferrugineis, pruinosis, rugoso-striatis, sub- verruculosis ; foliis elongato- vel angustius oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen longiusculum obtusulum subito attenuatis, integris, yel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum integris aut obsoletissime serrulatis, subcoriaceis, supra læte viridibus, vix lucentibus, aut opacis, nervis venisque reticulatis subimmersis, subtus cinna- momeo-pallidioribus, valde opacis, nervis venisque prominulis, costa validiuscula Prominente; petiolo subvalido, marginato, fusco, pulverulento, corruguloso-striato, limbo 14-16plo breviore: panicula terminali, ramosa, ramis rectis, patentibus, rachi longe nodosa ; pedicellis nutantibus, angulatis, ferrugineis, pruinoso-opacis; sepalis calyci sequilongis, acute oblongis, crassiusculis, pruinosis, imo gibbosis; petalis oblongis, subinsequalibus, albis; ovario infero, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo Paucis, erectis, vertice rotundatim pulvinato, radiatim granuloso, stylo brevi api- 3610) . In Amazonas: v. s. in herb. variis, S. Gabriel, Panuré, Rio Uahupes (Spruce, 266 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. A. tree 40 feet high, growing in low woods near the banks of the river; its leaves are 41-8 in. long, 13-24 in. broad, on a petiole 5-6 lines long; the main rachis of the panicle is straight, 4-6 in. long, its branches 1-2 in. long, 8-12-flowered, pedicels 13-2 lines long, about 4-4 in. apart; sepals 23 lines long; petals 5 lines long, 3 lines broad ; androphorum 4 lines in diameter. 29. ESCHWEILERA TENUIFOLIA, nob.: Lecythis tenuifolia, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 1. c. p. 502: ramulis ferrugineo- vel pallide brunneis, cortice valde rimoso, interrupte striatis, pruinosis, crebre lenticellato-verruculosis ; foliis oblongis vel elliptico- oblongis, imo obtusis et in petiolum sensim vel abrupte breviter acutatis, apice in acumen angustum sepe recurvulum acuminatis, marginibus subcrenatis, vix serru- latis, rigide chartaceis, junioribus tenuioribus, supra lete viridibus, opacis, costa paullo prominente, nervis tenuibus, subpatulis, vix prominulis, reticulatis, subtus fere concoloribus, vel luride pallidioribus, opacis, costa striolata prominente, nervis venisque paullo prominulis; petiolo subcorrugato, canaliculato, opaco, limbo 13-15plo , breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi tenui, remo- tiuscule et longe nodosa, angulato-striata, verruculosa, pauciflora; pedicellis bre- vibus, imo articulatis; sepalis ovatis, extus rugulosis, pruinoso- vel strigoso-granu- latis, marginibus membranaceis, ciliolatis; petalis obovato-oblongis, flavis, punetis albidis maculatis, ciliato-denticulatis; ovario semiinfero, breviter turbinato, flavido- maculato, 2-loculari, ovulis plurimis e basi radiantibus, vertice elevato, depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato, stylo brevi conico umbonato. In Brasilia septentr.: v. 8. in herb. variis, Rio Negro inter Barcellos et Barra (Spruce, 1884 et 2031) ; in herb. Hook., Santarem (Spruce, 698). The speeimens from Rio Negro and Santarem, if not specifically distinct, form two well- marked varieties, the one having broader, more shortly acuminated, more membranaceous, greener leaves, on shorter petioles. "The former is a bushy tree, 30 feet high ; the leaves are 5-71 in. long, 12-21 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lines long, and with about 5 pairs of nerves, and others intermediate, all anastomosed ; the rachis of the raceme is 24-34 in. long, with nodes $ line long, equal to the pedicels articulated upon them; the flower expanded is 2 in. in diam.; the sepals are 1} line long and broad ; the petals 10-12 lines long, 7-9 lines broad; the androphorum is 6 lines in diameter. In the Santarem plant the leaves are 34-5 in. long, 14-12 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long; the rachis of the raceme 3-4 in. long. 30. ESCHWEILERA SUBGLANDULOSA, nob.: Lecythis subglandulosa, Steud., Berg. in Linn. xxvii. 459: ramulis subvalidis, subflexuosis, brunneis, opacis, subangulatis, striatis, lenticellato-verruculosis; foliis ovato-oblongis, imo rotundatis, canaliculatis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice sensim obtusioribus et in acumen acutum vel obtusum szepe recurvatum attenuatis, ad marginem cartilagineum valde revolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, valde coriaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, subcon- vexis, nervis divaricatis longe intra marginem adscendentibus subimmersis, venis valde reticulatis omnino immersis, circa costam prominulam sulcatis, subtus MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 267 ochraceo- vel ferrugineo-pallidis, valde opacis, nervis immersis, venis foveatim areo- latis, costa imo crassiore prominente ; petiolo valido, canaliculato, marginibus inflexis, ruguloso, limbo 15plo breviore: panieula terminali, folio subzequilonga, ramosa, ramis simplicibus, fusce rufescentibus; floribus majusculis; pedicellis sulcato- striatis, calyce duplo longioribus; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, crassiusculis, extus rugulosis, imo gibbosis, marginibus tenuibus et subdenticulatis; petalis oblongis; ` ovario fere omnino supero, distincte 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 4, ad basin radiatim affixis, erectis, vertice intra discum valde elevato, pulvinato, radiatim striato, stylo alto late conico terminato. In Guiana Batava: v. s. in hb. Mus. Brit. et Hook., Surinam (Hostmann, 186 et 886). A very distinet species, easily recognized by its smooth, coriaceous, pale, broadly ovate leaves, and its terminal paniculated inflorescence; the axils of its branchlets are 2—1 in. apart; the leaves are 6-74 in. long, 23-34 in. broad, on a petiole 5-6 lin. long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing; the ‘terminal panicle is 4 in. long, its branches 14-2 in. long; its pedicels 3 lin. long; the flower expanded is 12-2 in. broad; its sepals 2 lin. long; petals 8 lin. long, 6 lin. broad. 31. ESCHWEILERA PALLIDA, nob.: ramulis fusco-brunneis, ruguloso-striatis, lenticellis flavidis verruculosis; foliis oblongis, imo rotundatis, apice in acumen breve mu- cronulatum subrecurvum subito attenuatis, subintegris vel in margine cartilagineo revoluto punetis obsolete serrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallidis, opacis, planis, costa tenui flavida carinata subprominente, nervis semiimmersis, subtus pallidissimis, costa striata, nervis tenuibus venisque transversim reticulatis prominulis; petiolo fusco, tereti, canaliculato, marginibus inflexis, subtus ruguloso, limbo 16plo breviore : racemo terminali, folio breviore; rachi subvalida, flexuosa, angulato-striata, cum nodis subremotis longiuscule prominulis; pedicellis fuscis, roride pulverulentis ; sepalis ovatis, obtusis, extus rugulosis et pulverulentis, imo gibbose incrassatis, margine membranaceo; ovario semisupero, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus basilaribus, vertice elevato, depresse pulvinato, planiusculo, radiatim striato, stylo fere obsoleto umbonato. In Guiana: v. s. im hb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Martin); Karaouary (Sagot, 269). The axils of its branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 33-6} in. long, 13-37 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves; the rachis of the raceme about 2 in. long, stout, with geniculate prominent nodes 1 line long, and 5 lines apart; pedicels 7 lin. long; sepals 3 lines long ; bud $ inch in diameter. 32. EscnwErLERA OBVERSA, nob. : Lecythis obversa, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l. c. p. 503 : ramulis subtenuibus, subflexuosis, striato-suleatis, pruinosis, minute verruculosis ; foliis oblongo-ovatis, imo obtusis, aut sepe angustioribus et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen acutum canaliculatim reflexum attenuatis, chartaceis, margine cartilagineo subrevoluto punetis obsoletissime crenulato-serrulatis, supra viridibus, sublucentibus, sub lente minute granulosis, nervis costaque tenuibus pro- 268 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. minulis, reticulatis, subtus brunnescenti-pallidioribus, opacis, nervis venisque vix prominulis, costa striolata prominente ; petiolo plano, marginato, subtus corrugulato, limbo 12-16plo breviore: panicula ramosa, terminali, vel racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus, folio brevioribus, paucifloris, rachi flexuosa, longiuscule nodosa; flo- ribus majusculis; pedicellis suleatis, calyce vix longioribus, cinereo-pruinosis; sepalis subrotundatis, margine membranaceo ciliolatis; petalis majusculis, luteis, oblongis, rotundatis; ovario breviter turbinato, cinereo-pruinoso, subinfero, 2-locu- lari, ovulis paucis e basi radiantibus, suberectis, vertice plane pulvinato, stylo brevi conico umbonato. In Amazonas: v. s. in hb. variis, Santarem (Spruce, 826 et 892). This is a tree about 30 feet high, growing, I presume, near the banks of the Ama- zonas, near Santarem, as its vernacular name is Castanheira das aguas; its flowers are white, with a strong smell of primroses. The leaves are 2-53 in. long, {-2 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, with about 12 pairs of nerves, with several others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing ; the racemes are 13-2 in. long; the pedicels 2 lines long; the sepals 1} line long; the petals 9 lines long, 5 lines broad; the androphorum 6 lines in diameter. 33. ESCHWEILERA ELEGANS, nob.: Lecythis elegans, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 499: ramulis teneris, irregulariter striatis, cinereo- vel fulvide pulverulentis ; foliis lanceo- lato-oblongis, vel elongato-oblongis, imo obtusis, apice a medio sensim angustioribus et in acumen angustum subacutum sensim attenuatis, subintegris, vel ad marginem cartilagineum revolutum punctis obsolete serrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viri- dibus, opacis, sub lente minutissime granulatis, nervis plurimis divaricatis versus marginem longe adscendentibus venisque reticulatis immersis, subtus fulvide palli- dioribus, valde opacis, nervis vix prominulis, costa prominente; petiolo marginato, corrugulato, limbo 20-24plo breviore: panicula e racemis 3 congestis terminali, " folio breviore; rachi tenuissima, erebre nodulosa, subgenieulata, striata, circa 20- flora; pedicellis calyci zequilongis ; sepalis parvis, rotundato-ovatis, extus pruinosis, imo gibbosis; petalis rotundatis, luteis, flavide maculatis ; androphoro aurantiaco; ovario semiinfero, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo paucis, e basi erectis, vertice pulvinatim elevato, striato, stylo brevi conico umbonato. In Amazonas: v. $. in hb. Mus. Brit. et Hook., Rio Negro, inter Barcellos et S. Isabel (Spruce, 1665). This species, according to Berg, is near E. micrantha; but I cannot perceive such an approximation. It is a slender tree, 25 feet high; its leaves are 34-5 in. long, 1-14 in. broad, on a petiole 2-2} lines long, and with about 10 pairs of nerves, with others inter- mediate, all anastomosed ; rachis of the racemes 3-12 in. long; flowers in bud 5 lines in diam.; sepals 2 lines long and broad; the flower, when softened, becomes pale and semi- glutinous, as in E. amara. 34. ESCHWEILERA ALBIFLORA, nob. : Lecythis albiflora, DC., Prod. iii. 292; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l.c. p. 509 ; in Linn. xxvii. 455: ramulis pallide brunneis, glaucis, striatis, junioribus tenuioribus ; foliis oblongis, imo sensim acutis, apice gradatim attenuatis, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 269 longiuseule et acute, acúminatis, rarius obtusioribus, margine tenui vix revoluto subintegris vel obsolete crenatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, planis, nervis divaricatis subimmersis vix prominulis, reticulatis, costa tenui pro- ‘minula, subtus luride brunnescentibus, opacis, costa nervis venisque flavidis promi- nulis; petiolo subtenui, canaliculato, limbo 10plo breviore: panieulis axillaribus et terminalibus, apice subramulosis, folio brevioribus; rachi fusca, nodosa ; pedicellis longiusculis; sepalis oblongo-ovatis, crassis, fuscis, carinatis, rugosis, imo gibbosis, marginibus membranaceis; ovario infero, 2-loculari, vertice valde depresso, radiatim striato, stylo brevi conico obtuso umbonato. In prov. Amazonas: v. s. in hb. Hook., Rio Negro in sylvis (Martius). E A tree 50-60 feet high; the axils of its branchlets 4 in. apart; leaves luridly brown below, 4-8 in. long, 14-34 in. broad, on a petiole 5-7 lin. long, and with from 15-18 pairs of nerves, with others shorter intermediate, all anastomosing; panicle 4 in. long, its branches 13-23 in. long; slender pedicels 6-9 lines long; sepals 3 lines long, 14 line broad; petals 10 lines long ; androphorum 6 lines in diameter. | 85. ESOHWEILERA REIDELIANA, nob.: Lecythis Reideliana, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 1. c. p- 618: ramulis patentibus, pruinosis; foliis ovato-oblongis, imo latioribus et in petiolum breviter et subito acutatis, apice obtusis et breviter acuminatis, obsolete serratis, chartaceis, supra glabris, nitidis, nervis erecto-patulis, remotiusculis, sub- immersis, arcuatim nexis, venis reticulatis, subtus fuscescentibus, opacis, nervis venis costaque prominentibus; petiolo limbo 10—14plo breviore : inflorescentia racemosa ; floribus majusculis ; pedicellis brevissimis; sepalis rotundatis vel ovato-rotundatis, inzequalibus, pruinosis, margine ciliolatis; petalis albis; androphoro luteo; ovario semiinfero, 2-loculari, multiovulato, vertice convexo, striato, stylo brevissimo um- bonato. In Amazonas, prope Santarem, in humidis inundatis (Reidel): non vidi. A tree 30 feet high; leaves 31-7 in. long, 13-81 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lin. long; flower in bud 8 lin. in diam. ; sepals 1-1} line long, 1} line broad; petals 10 lin. long; androphorum 6 lin. in diam. It is said to differ from Z. albiflora in its leaves gradually acuminated, in its smaller pedicels and flowers, and its rounded ciliolated sepals. 36. ESCHWEILERA TROCHIFORMIS, nob. : ramulis crassiusculis, rectis, teretibus, rufo-brun- Eu Opacis, pruinosis, ruguloso-striatis, verruculosis; foliis late ovatis, imo trun- catis vel obtuse rotundatis, aut subcordatis et subito breviter ad petiolum decur- rentibus, apice rotundatis et emarginatis, marginibus revolutis obsoletissime crenu- latis, coriaceis, valde convexis, et ad nervos late sulcatis, supra pallide viridibus, paullo opacis, e reticulatione creberrima foveatim rugulosis, nervis tenuibus, iit! motiuseulis, semiimmersis, divergentibus, arcuatim nexis, venis transversum reticu- " costa subeonvexa, imo latiore, rufule pruinosa, subtus sordide pallidis, glauco- "Pacis et roride pruinosis, costa valida, rugulosa, nervisque valde prominentibus, yu prominulis ; petiolo valido, profunde canaliculato, alte marginato, limbo 20plo ore: racemo terminali vel axillari, folio paullo breviore, rachi valida, helvole VOL. xxx, : 3 ' ! IN 270 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. pruinosa, compresse angulata, transversim corrugulata, flexuose crasse nodosa, pauci- vel pluriflora; floribus majusculis ; pedicellis cum nodis articulatis, crassis, striatis, pruinosis; sepalis pedicello aequilongis, valde imbricatis, ovatis, submem- branaceis, demum subcrassis, granulatim pruinosis, marginibus submembranaceis ciliato-denticulatis ; petalis oblongis, submembranaceis, albis, siccis fulvidis, punctu- _ latis, concavis; ovario semisupero, tuberculato, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus basilaribus erectis, vertice intra discum pulvinato, stylo conico umbonato, stigmate minuto subgloboso : pyxidio turbinis lusorii majusculi mole; estera ignota. In Brasilia, prov. Pernambuco: v. 8. in hb. Mus. Brit.et Kew., Serra da batalha, Rio Preto (Gardner, 2876) ; prov. Goyaz (Gardner, 3189). . According to Gardner this is a small tree, about 10 feet high, growing in the upland campos, with white flowers, and a fruit about the size of a large top; the structure of the ovary shows that it belongs to this genus. The axils of its branches are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves have a very peculiar aspect, are 44-64 in. long, 34-5 in. broad, on a thick broad petiole 2-3 lines long, and have about 14 pairs of nerves, with others intermediate, all anastomosed ; the rachis of the terminal raceme is 2-10 in. long, with thick prominent - nodes 2-5 lines apart and 1-2 lines long; the pedicels are 1line long; the flower in bud 10 lines in diam. ; the inferior portion of the ovary is 2 lines long and 3 lines broad. 37. ESCHWEILERA CORDATA, nob.: Lecythis cordata, Berg in Linn. xxvii. 457: ramulis teretiusculis, suleatis, pallide fuscis, brunneo-pulverulentis; foliis rotundato-ovali- bus aut suborbieularibus, imo cordatis, apice rotundatis et retusis, aut in acumen brevissimum obtusulum recurvulum repente constrietis, marginibus repandis et integerrimis, pergamineis, supra pallidis, glauco-opacis, nervis semiimmersis, tenui- bus, divergentibus, marginem versus adscendentibus, reticulatis, subtus nitidioribus, | nervis venisque prominentibus; petiolo vix ullo, valido, canaliculato: racemis ter- ۰ minalibus, folio longioribus ; rachi valida, angulata, pulverulenta, 24-flora ; pedicellis crassis, calycem «quantibus, bracteolis caducis; sepalis ovatis, obtusis, subzequali- bus ; ovario semiinfero, 2-loculari, vertice conico-elevato, pulviniformi, pulverulento, radiatim striato; stylo brevi. In Venezuela, ad miss, Angustura Manas de Bar- celona (Moritz, 585) : non vidi. This species, in the size and shape of its leaves, much resembles Lecythis Ollaria from the same neighbourhood; but the structure of its 2-locular ovary shows clearly that it belongs to the genus Eschweilera : it differs little from E. tenax except in its more se sile leaves. The leaves are said to be 23-23 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, almost sessile; the rachis of the raceme is above 4 in. long ; pedicels 3 lines long; sepals 3 lines long ; petals 2 in. long. à 38. ESCHWEILERA TENAX, nob.: Lecythis tenax, Moritz, Berg in Linn. xxvii. 456: cor- tice tenacissimo; ramulis validis, interrupte striatis, fusco- vel cinereo-brunneis, obsolete verruculosis ; foliis ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, imo rotundatis, 6 sub- cordatis, apice in acumen breve obtusulum recurvum abrupte constrictis, ma- ginibus revolutis cartilagineis suberenatis, vel e punctis fuscis obsolete serratis, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 271 coriaceis, supra convexis, pallide viridibus, opacis, nervis divaricatis venisque reti- culatis immersis, ad costam prominulam sulcatis, subtus pallide brunneis vel luride ochraceis, opacis, costa striata, crebre reticulatis, nervis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo valido, fusco, canaliculato, marginibus inflexis, rugoso, limbo 10-14plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus ; rachi subvalida, angulata, crebriflora; floribus flavis; pedicellis subvalidis, calyce 3plo longioribus, recurvis; sepalis rotundato-oblongis, subaqualibus, rotatis, extus carinatis et granu- losis, imo glandulose gibbosis ; petalis obovatis, citrinis, carnosulis, margine erosulis ; ovario semiinfero, granulis flavidis creberrime punctulato, 2-loculari, ovulis in quo- que loculo circ. 5, e basi erectis, vertice valde elevato, conico, striato; stylo brevi, conico ; stigmate minimo, globoso. In Venezuela: v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit. et Hook., Colonia Tovar, in sylvis humidis et frigidulis (Moritz, 1880). A tree found in moist woods: the axils of its branchlets are about 3 in. apart; the pallid coriaceous leaves are 11—31 in. long, 1-14 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lin. long, and with about 10 pairs of divaricating ascending nerves arcuately anastomosing ; the rachis of the raceme is 2-23 in. long, with prominent nodes 1-2 lin. apart; the pedicels 6-8 lines long; the calyx expanded 8 lines across ; the sepals 3 lines long, 2 lines broad; the larger petals 1 in. long; the androphorum 8 lines in diameter, and twice that length, its ligula bare, 6 lines long, its antheriferous basal appendages crowded, very short, those inside the hood linear, pointed, sterile, densely echinated, adpressed. The bark of the tree is very tough, and is used for cordage. 99. ESCHWEILERA MOoRITZIANA, nob.: ramulis pallidis, opacis, rectis, tenuiter striolatis, ad axillas compressis; foliis late ellipticis vel oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen subobtusum sspe revolutum constrictis, integris vel marginibus cartilagineis revo- lutis crenulatis obsoletissime serrulatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, subopacis, sub lente minute granulosis, nervis tenuibus paullo divaricatis vix pro- minulis, reticulatis, in costa tenui sulcatis, subtus fere concoloribus, opacis, costa striata valde prominente, nervis venisque stramineis prominentibus ; petiolo subtenui, fusco,canaliculato, marginato, corrugulato, limbo 16plo breviore: inflorescentia racemosa, pedicellis brevibus, angulato-sulcatis, granulosis ; sepalis 6 ovato-oblongis, valde imbricatis, fuscis, convexis, crebre granuloso-verrucosis, marginibus tenuibus, crenulatis; petalis 5 vel 6 late oblongis, medio carnosis, concavis, extus subgranu- losis; ovario infero, verruculoso, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 4-6 e basi erectis, vertice concavo ; stylo tenuiter tereti, sepalis longiore. In Venezuela: v. ۰ n herb. Mus. Brit., circa Chupé, Cape Augustin (Moritz, 548). ۰ va small tree, called Naranjillo. The axils of its branchlets are 4-1 in. apart Ai 2 ves are 63-8 in. long, 23-33 in. broad, on a petiole 4-6 lin. long, and a oie lo pairs of nerves, with others intermediate, all anastomosed; the pedicels are © lines : uns sepals 3 lin, long, 2 lin. broad; petals 8 lin. long, 5 lin. broad ; the androphorum ٩ 9 lines in diameter; basal ring staminigerous, and the incurved head of the andro- pho “um is charged with longish adpressed appendages, mostly antheriferous. 2N 2 212 MR. J. MIERS ON THE 1۰ 40. ESCHWEILERA LAURIFOLIA: Lecythis ovata, var. laurifolia, Berg in Mart. Fl Br. l. c. p. 498: ramulis fusco- vel cinereo-brunneis, rugosis, verruculosis; foliis ovali. bus aut elliptico-ovatis, imo rotundatis, in apice rotundo subito emarginatis, vel in acumen obtusum breve subrepente attenuatis, subintegris, marginibus revolutis obsolete serrulatis, rigide chartaceis, supra viridibus, subopaeis, nervis tenuibus, subtus luride brunnescentibus, opacis, nervis venis costaque prominentibus ; petiolo fusco, profunde sulcato, marginato, limbo 15plo breviore: racemis in ramulis novellis brevibus, terminalibus, folio tertia brevioribus; rachi tenui, subflexuosa, nodosa, fusca, circ. 10-flora; floribus parvis; pedicellis calyce longioribus, tenuibus ; sepalis acute ovatis, subinsequalibus, imo gibbosis, carinatis, rugosis, marginibus membranaceis et ciliatis; ovario turbinato, semiinfero, 2-loculari, ovulis plurimis e basi erectis, vertice elevato, pulvinato, stylo conico obtuse umbonato. In Brasilia: v. 8. in herb. Hook. sine loco (Sello). The axils of the branchlets are 2 in. apart; the leaves are 23-43 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lin. long; the rachis of the raceme is 13 in. long; the pedicels 3-5 lines long; sepals 2-3 lin. long; petals 8 lin. long. ۱ This species is certainly remote from .L. ovata, differing in its less-coriaceous leaves, darker and luridly brown below, rounded at base, much shorter raceme, with fewer and much shorter flowers, on shorter and more slender pedicels. 41. ESCHWEILERA GRACILIS, nob.: Lecythis ovata, var. obscura, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 498 : ramulis tenuibus, fusco-brunneis, rugulosis ; foliis ellipticis vel elongato- oblongis, imo acutis vel subobtusis, apice sensim acutis aut repente acuminatis, sub- integris vel ad marginem subcartilagineum punctis obsolete serrulatis, flaceide chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, granulatim opacis, nervis tenuibus semiimmersis, retieulatis, subtus rufule brunnescentibus, pulverulento-opacis, costa prominente, nervis venisque reticulatis parum prominulis ; petiolo tenui, profunde canaliculato, fusco, ruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis in ramulis novellis terminalibus aut e foliis sepe caducis paniculam efformantibus, ramulis remotiusculis, gracillimis; rachi folio dimidio breviore, flexuosa, tenui, compressa, nodulosa, 8-10-flora, brac- teolis acute linearibus, caducis. In Brasilia: v.s. in hb. Hook. (Sello, 383, cum flore unico effceto). The leaves of this slender plant are 2-33 in. long, 10-16 lines broad, on a petiole 23 lin. long; the terminal rachis on the young leafless branchlets is 1-13 in. long. It bears no resemblance to Æ, ovata, to which Berg referred it as a variety. 42. ESCHWEILERA ACUMINATA, nob.: Lecythis ovata, var. acuminata, Berg. in Mart. Fl. Br. 7. c. p. 497: ramulis tenuibus, teretibus, fuscis, cinereo-opacis, substriolatis, Ye ruculosis ; foliis ellipticis vel elliptico-oblongis, imo sensim subacutis et ibi canali- eulatis, apice longiuscule et acute acuminatis, subintegris vel in marginibus revolutis punetis obsolete serrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide lina; opacis, nervis divari — catim adscendentibus paullo prominulis, reticulatis, costa tenui prominula, subtus MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 273 ` fere concoloribus, opacioribus, costa nervis venisque prominentibus ; petiolo tenuis- simo, profunde canaliculato, ruguloso, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus, folio 4plo brevioribus; rachi tenui, pauciflora ; pedicellis brevibus, angulatis ; sepalis oblongo-ovatis, fuscis, carinatis, subrugulosis, marginibus anguste mem- branaceis et ciliatis; petalis oblongis, concavis, submembranaceis, sinuato-den- ticulatis ; ovario infero, 2-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 3 ad basin dissepimenti erectis, vertice depresso, stylo brevi,stigmate minuto apiculato. In Brasilia: v. s. in hb. Hook., prov. Bahia (Sello, 479). : | The branchlets are slender, with axils 3—4 lines apart; the leaves are 21-3 in. long, 1-12 in. broad, on a petiole 21-3 lines long, and have about 9 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosed: the raceme is 4-1 in. long, bearing 6-9 flowers, on pedicels (including the base of the ovary) 3 lines long; the sepals 2 lines long, 1 line broad; the flower in bud 3 in. broad; style 4 line long. 43. ESCHWEILERA ? ODORA, nob.: Lecythis odora, Pöpp., Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 492: arbor procera, ramulis pulverulento-tomentellis ; foliis ovali-oblongis, imo obtusis vel breviter acutis, apice abrupte acuminatis, obsoletissime serrulatis, sub- coriaceis, supra subnitidis, nervis pluribus subimpressis, reticulatis, subtus nervis costatim prominentibus venisque reticulatis prominulis, costa crassa ; petiolo valido, anguste canaliculato, subpuberulo : racemis interdum paniculatis, folio dimidio bre- vioribus ; rachi gracili, flexuosa, 13-25-flora ; pedicellis ealyce 5plo longioribus ; flori- bus majusculis, odoratis, niveis; sepalis subinsequalibus, ovatis, acutis aut obtusis, imo gibbosis, carinatis, pruinoso-pulverulentis, margine ciliolatis ;' petalis obtuse obovatis, eiliolatis; ovario semiinfero, 2-loculari, ovulis pluribus uniseriatim radi- antibus, vertice altiusculo, pulvinato, stylo brevi conico umbonato. In Amazonas ad Ega in sylvis (Póppig, 2754) : non vidi. et e This species very probably belongs rather to Jugastrum, as according to Berg it is near his Leeythis coriacea, differing in its thinner leaves, abruptly acuminated, its shorter racemes, longer pedicels, and its sepals.. It forms-a tree 50 feet high; its leaves are 31-9 in. long, 21-4 in. broad, on a stout petiole, and with about 15-20 pairs of nerves; the olin of the raceme is 21-5 in. long; the pedicels 6-8 lin. long; sepals 1} lin. long ; Petals 6 lin, long; androphorum 5 lin. in diameter. | " EscHWEILERA ACUMINATISSIMA, nob.: Lecythis acuminatissima, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 8 C. P. 494; Linn. xxvii. 455: ramulis gracilibus, pruinoso-pilosulis ; foliis ob- longis vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo acutis, apice in acumen longum et angustis- : Denn abrupte attenuatis, subintegris vel in marginibus subrepandis punetis obso- etissime Sexrulatis, submembranaceis, supra pallide virentibus, subnitidis, nervis divaricato-adscendentibus arcuatim nexis, subtus brunnescentibus, opacis, nervis venisque reticulatis prominentibus, costa utrinque prominente ; petiolo limbo 9-140 fez, 0} racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi angulosa, Sa; pedicellis calyce duplo longioribus; sepalis oblongis, obtusis, imo gibbis, 274 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. carinatis, roseis, margine ciliolatis; petalis obovatis, obtusis, pallide sulfureis, apice . denticulatis; ovario semiinfero, 9-loculari, vertice alte pulvinato. In Amazonas, ad Ega (Pöppig, 2710) : non vidi. This species is said by Berg to be near E. pilosa, Pópp. ; it forms a tree 25 feet high, with a very hard wood. The leaves are 43-8 in. long, 13-22 in. broad, on a petiole 6-7 lin. long; the racemes are 18-28 lin. long; the pedicels 6-9 lin. long; the sepals 5 lin. long; the petals 10 lin. long. 45. ESCHWEILERA BRACTEOSA, nob.: Lecythis bracteosa, Pöpp., Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 495; Linn. xxvii, 455: arbor procera; foliis ovali-oblongis, imo breviter acutatis, apice breviter acutis, marginibus leviter late crenatis, coriaceis, supra nervis pluribus parallelis divergenti-adscendentibus parum prominulis, reticulatis, subtus pallidi- oribus, nervis costato-prominentibus; petiolo valido, recurvulo, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus aut paniculatim terminalibus, folio paullo brevioribus; rachi nutante, angulata, roride pulverulenta, densiflora; pedicellis longis, pendulis, imo 3-braeteatis; bracteis ovalibus, pedicello triplo brevioribus; floribus majusculis; sepalis subzequalibus, rotundatis, extus pruinosis, margine ciliatis ; petalis triplo .longioribus, obovatis, pulverulentis, ciliolatis, albis; ovario infero, 2-loculari, ovulis 8-10 e basi uniserialiter radiantibus, vertice plano, stylo brevi umbonato. In Ama- ‚zonas ad Ega, in ripa lacus (Pöppig, 2565) : non vidi. | A lofty tree, in its habit, its leaves with a peculiar venation, its inflorescence with 3-bracteated pendulous pedicels, its approximated large flowers much resembling a Bertholletia or a Couratari, but with an ovary corresponding to Eschweilera ; the leaves are 5-7 in. long, 23-2$ in. broad, on a petiole 5-7 lines long, and have about 13 to 17 pairs of diverging and ascending nerves costately prominent beneath, with others shorter and. intermediate, all anastomosing ; the raceme is 4-5 in. long, with pedicels 14 lines long, and bracts 3-5 lines long; the sepals 3 lin. long; petals 8-15 lin. long. 46. ESCHWEILERA PILOSA, nob.: Lecythis pilosa, Pöpp., Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. ۰ p.500; Linn. xxvii. 455: arborea, ramulis cortice rimoso, pulverulento-puberulis ; foliis ovali-oblongis, imo obtusis vel breviter acutis, apice acuminatis, integerrimis, chartaceis, supra obscure viridibus, nitidis, nervis divaricatis prominulis, reticulatis, costa planiuscula, subtus pallidioribus, opacis, nervis venis costaque prominentibus P petiolo valido, limbo 20-24plo breviore : racemis folio 5plo brevioribus, sub-10-floris ; pedicellis validis, calyce duplo longioribus, pulverulentis, pendulis ; sepalis inzequa- libus, ovatis vel ovali-oblongis, obtusis, ciliolatis; petalis oblongis, obtusis, cilio- latis, violaceo-purpureis, siccis flavidis; ovario fere supero, 2-loculari, multiovulato, vertice alto. In Amazonas, ad Ega, in lacus littoribus (Póppig, 2669) : non vidi. A tree 30 feet high ; its leaves are 5-8 in. long, 2-31 in. broad, on à petiole 2-4 lin. long, with about 15 pairs of nerves, with others shorter intervening, all anastomosing ; the rachis of the raceme is 1-13 in. long; its stout pedicels 6-14 lines long; sepals lin. long; petals 22 lin, long, 11 lin. broad ; androphorum 1 in. in diameter. one ee ee ee SE Ae Te o a a TA MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 275 7. JUGASTRUM. (Plate XXXV. 4.) | The peculiar features which separate this genus from Lecythis are still more decided than in the two preceding genera; they have been already amply described (ante, p. 167) ; and it is only necessary now to give its generic diagnosis. _ J UGASTRUM, nob. Lecythis (in parte) auct. Calycis adnati sepala et petala ut in Lecythide. Androphorum mediocre, petaloideum, carnosum, imo semiannulare, subcupulare, hic ad discum epigynum annularem cum unguibus petalorum interpositis agglutinatum, et uno latere in ligulam «equilatam expansum, intus appendiculis nume- rosissimis ultra basin ligule extensis brevibus subclavatis staminigeris creberrimis onustum ; ligula summo nuda, sensim incurva, galea inversa, selleeformi, crasse carnosa, supra convexa, extremitate laciniata, intus appendiculis basilaribus longioribus staminigeris densissime echinata. Stamina parva, appendiculis insita : filamenta brevissima filiformia; anthere parve, ovate, 2-lobe, collatera- liter adnate, extus longitudinaliter hiantes. Ovarium inferum, turbinatum, vertice intra discum planum elevatum, semper 2-loculare; ovula in quoque loculo plurima, sessilia, e basi erecta, 2-3-se- rialia, anatropa: stylus brevis, conicus: stigma minutum, globosum, papillosum. Pysidium sub- paryum, turbinatum vel subglobosum, circa medium zona calycari e sepalis linea nexis cinctum ; villa interzonali sepius angusta; zona superiore subcirculari; operculo isti conformi, mox solubili et deciduo, supra depresse pulvinato vel convexiore, sepius umbonato, infra valde concavo, vestigio dissepimenti signato, cum velario intra marginem prope faucem descendente munito; pericarpio (operculoque) subtenuiter coriaceo, primum 2-loculari, dissepimento mox szepius evanido: semina plurima. (10-20) bi- triseriatim basi affixa, erecta, sicca cuneato-cylindrica, pressione acute 3-4-an- gulata, apice truncata et convexiuscula ; testa tenuiter coriacea, extus levis, intus impresso-granosa ; | raphe in fibras spirales multidivisa per testam totam immersa; infegumentum. internum tenuiter membranaceum, ad testam adherens: embryo test forma, exalbuminosus, cereo-carnosus, cro- cinus, extus guttato-granosus, medio ad angulum ventralem mamilla longitudinaliter fissa sig- natus, homogeneus, neorhiza interna cuneato-oblonga apice obtuse truncata, imo subcuneats, medio anguli ventralis plumula prominente mammeformi marginem fere tegente, extus evor hiza subcrassa undique cincta. (Germinatio ita fit: plumule prolongatio per fissuram lateralem exorhizee horizontaliter propulsa et in cauliculum squamosum aucta, dein adscendit,et eodem tempore a neorhize meremento basali, radicella descendens apparet: hoc modo planta nova oritur.) Arbores America intertropice, Lecythidis habitu. | | l. JUGAsTRUM CORIACEUM, nob.: Lecythis coriacea, DO. Prodr. iii. 201 (non Seem. Bot. Her. 126); Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 491 (tab. 72, fructus); Linn. xxvii. 499: Eschweilera coriacea, Mart. MS.: arbor procera, ramulis teretibus, subvalidis, Tugoso-striatis, fusco-brunneis, lenticellato-verruculosis ; foliis: majusculis, ovato- oblongis vel elongato-oblongis, imo obtusis, apice obtusis vel latioribus et in acumen acutum aut obtusulum recurvulum subito attenuatis, in mar ginibus subcartila- Sneis revolutis paullo erenulatis, vel sepius integrioribus et punctis obsololissime serrulatis, chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, paullo opacis, sub lente minutissime Sranulatis, nervis divarieatis, longe adscendentibus, immersis, reticulatis, costa sR paullo prominente, subtus ferrugineo- vel brunneo-opacis, Be. en E minulis, costa validiore, prominente, sulcata ; petiolo fusco, canaliculato, ruguloso, 216 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACER. limbo 12plo breviore: paniculis terminalibus, pauciramosis, folio triplo brevioribus; rachi fusca, angulata, rugulosa, geniculatim nodosa; pedicellis tenuibus, imo arti- culatis, patentibus vel recurvis, calyce duplo longioribus و‎ sepalis ovatis, obtusis, verruculosis; petalis ovatis, concavis ; ovario semiinfero, distincte 2-loculari, loculis late expansis, brevissimis, multiovulatis, ovulis erectiusculis, vertice subdepresse pulvinato, radiatim striolato ; stylo tereti, obtuso: pyxidio ad medium subturbinato, . imo subtruncatim rotundo et suleatim 4-lobo, supra medium zona calycari irre- gulariter annulata cincto; vitta interzonali angusta et acclivi; zona superiore integra; operculo orbiculari, depresse pulvinato, umbonato, infra concavo, septo signato, cum velario brevissimo descendente ; pericarpio fusce suberoso et coriaceo, lenticellis flavidis sparse maculato, 2-loculari, dissepimento permanente ; seminibus 10-14, subeylindrieis, acute angulatis, apice truncatis, imo gradatim angustioribus, ubi hilo basali biseriatim affixis. In Amazonas: v. s. in hb. Hook., Rio Negro (Martius); fruct. mihi non viso. According to Von Martius this is a tree 100 feet high, with a straight trunk 3 to 6 feet in diameter, supported below by long projecting buttresses, growing om the banks of the river Amazonas as far as Ega, and known by the name of Matamata. It is said to be of lower stature when growing in open plains; but this observation is applicable, with greater probability, to either of the two following species. The axils of its branchlets are 2-1) in. apart; the leaves are 5-71 in. long, 2-4 in. broad, on a petiole 3-5 lines long, and have from 12-14 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anasto- mosing ; the rachis of its several racemes is 3-84 in. long, with prominent nodes 2 lines apart; the pedicels are 1 line long; sepals 2-3 lines long; petals 9 lines long, 7 lines broad; pyxidium (Plate LXI. fig. 1) is 23 in. long; calycary zone 13 in. above base, 3$ in. in diam. ; interzonal band 3 lines high; upper zone and operculum 23 in. in diam., latter 9 lines high, with a large terminal umbonate apex, hollow beneath; the pericarp is 2 lines thick, with a membranaceous dissepiment; the seeds are 18 lines long, 6 lines broad, 4-angular, the outer series dorsally roundish. This description of the fruit and seeds is taken from Berg (7.c.), and corresponds with that of the following species examined by me. Its laminated inner bark, called Estopa, is much used for caulking ships, but is not equal in value to that of Bertholletia ; it fetches in the markets of Pará the price of 1$:500 per arroba, or 15s. per ewt. Engl. iq (s 2. JUGASTRUM OBTECTUM, nob.: Lecythis, sp., Spruce in Hook. Kew Journ. v. ۰ 239, n. 68: ramulis teretibus, substrictis, pallide brunneis, ruguloso-striatis, lenticellis verruculosis ; foliis late ovatis, imo rotundate obtusis et in petiolum subito latiuscule acutatis, apice in acumen acutum breve canaliculatum recurvum subito constrictis, ` ad marginem tenuiter cartilagineum revolutum crenulatis vel in punctis obsoletis- sime serrulatis, supra subopacis, luride viridibus, in costa nervisque sulcatis, nervis tenuibus parallelis omnino immersis, venis reticulatis, subtus pallidioribus, luride brunnescentibus et glauco-pruinosis, costa nervis venisque prominulis ; petiolo supr? plano, subtus corruguloso, limbo 11plo breviore : inflorescentia ignota : pyxidio sub- MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 277 globoso, imo turbinato, ad medium zona calycari irregulariter lineari cincto; vitta interzonali angustissima; zona superiore integra; operculo orbiculari, conice hsemi- spherico, apice breviter et obtuse umbonato, infra concavo, septo obsoleto signato, eum velario brevi intra faucem dependente; pericarpio undique ochraceo, brunneo, lenticellis flavidis maculato, tenuiter coriaceo, obsolete 2-loculari; seminibus plu- rimis, subeylindraceis, acute 4—5-angulatis, apice truncatis, erectis, in series 9-3 dispositis, hilo basali affixis. In Amazonas: v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., Barra do Rio Negro (Spruce); fruct. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce, 68). — À spreading tree, 15 feet high, with a trunk 6 in. thick, called Pao de Macáco, growing near streams running into the river; the axils of the long weak branchlets are 14-14 in. apart; the leaves are 44-43 in. long, 24—24 in. broad, on a petiole 44-5 lines long, and have about 12 pairs of subimmersed nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosed. The pyxidium (Plate LXI. fig. 7) is 13-24 in. long, 22 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 3-1 in. above the base; the interzonal band is 3 lines high; the opereulum is 24 in. broad, and 13-15 lines high, with a velarium descending 2 lines below the mouth ; the pericarp and operculum are about 11 line thick, both marked by the traces of the dissepiment; it contains about 16 seeds, with a thickish coriaceous testa 11-13 in. long. 3. JUGASTRUM PLATYSPERMUM, nob.: ramulis tenuibus, teretibus, griseo-brunneis, angu- losis, verruculosis ; foliis ovatis, imo obtusiusculis et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen subobtusum recurvatum constrictis, ad marginem cartilagineum reyolutum obsolete crenato-serratis, chartaceis, supra subpallide viridibus, opacis, costa paullo prominula, nervis tenuibus subimmersis, reticulatis, subtus pallidioribus, slauco-pruinosis, costa sulcata nervis venisque prominulis; petiolo canaliculato, marginato, subtus ruguloso, limbo 12-13plo breviore: inflorescentia ignota : pyxidio subgloboso, imo hemispheerico, ad medium zona calycari sublineari cincto ; vitta Interzonali ejusdem diametri 5—6tam partem alta; zona superiore integra; operculo orbiculari subdepresse pulvinato, apice convexo vel obsolete umbonato, infra con- “avo, cum velario vittee dimidio altitudine intra faucem dependente ; pericarpio sub- tenuiter coriaceo, ochraceo-brunneo, punctis flavidis farinosis maculato, 2-loculari, pimento fere evanido ; seminibus plurimis, majusculis, latissime obovatis, apice truncatis, valde angulato-compressis, hilo basali biserialiter affixis. In Amazonas: v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., Barra do Rio N egro (Spruce, 1519); v. fruct. in Mus. Kew. (Spruce, 1519), in Mus. Brit. (Wallace). : AN Spreading tree, with a thick trunk, abundant in the swampy plains along the id E called Máta-máta and Páv de Macáco: the axils of its branchlets are 32 in. With « ٩ leaves are 3-43 in. long, 13-2} in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, and I ps of slender semiimmersed nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, ; the pyxidium (Plate LXI. fig. 9) is 12-22 in. long, 2-23 in. broad at high; e “one, which is 3-14 in. above the base; the interzonary band : 4-5 Fun VOL, Xxx. Pereulum, 28-23 in. broad, is 4-6 lines high, with a e E ing 278 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE. 2 lines within the mouth; the pericarp and opereulum are about 1j line thick, both marked by the traces of the dissepiment; it contains about 16 seeds, with a coriaceous testa, about 14 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, and 4 of that thickness; the embryo presents the singular structure of the genus. ۱ 4. JUGASTRUM SUBCINCTUM, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio depresse globoso, imo bre- _ vissime et acute turbinato, paullulo supra basin zona calycari e sepalis 6 acutis sub- erectis linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali fere erecta, diametri ¿$ partem alta ; zona superiore circulari, integra, equilata; operculo vitta 3-4plo altiore, convexo, obtuse umbonato, intus concavo, septi vestigio signata, cum velario intra faucem de- scendente ; pericarpio pallide brunneo, crustaceo, granuloso-rugoso, lenticellis flavidis maeulato, obsolete 2-loeulari ; seminibus plurimis, late oblongis, acute angulatis, apice truncatis, imo gradatim angustioribus et hilo basali biseriatim affixis. In Amazonas: v. fr. 8. in Mus. Kew., Rio Negro (Spruce). The specimen of the fruit of this species in the Kew Museum differs from that of the preceding species in the nearly basal calycary zone. The pyxidium (Plate LXI. fig. 4) is 1$ in. high, 2-21 in. broad at the calycary zone, which is 2-3 lines above the base; the interzonal band is 3-4 lines high; the upper zone and operculum are 2-2} in. in diam.; the latter 11-12 lines high, with a velarium descending 2 lines within the mouth; the pericarp and operculum are 2 lines thick; the seeds much resemble those of J. obtectum. 5. JUGASTRUM DEPRESSUM, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio valde depresso, imo breviter late turbinato, sub medium zona calycari imo circulari e sepalis 6 obtusis vel acutis linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali angusta, suberecta, diametri 8-10mam partem alta; zona superiore orbiculari, caleycarem subzequante ; operculo pariter «quali, depresse pulvinato, superne fere planato aut subconcavo, centro breviter et obtuse umbonato, vitte fere altitudine, intus plane concavo, cum velario subbrevi intra faucem descendente, obsolete 2-loculari, intus imo eicatrieibus seminum 10 biseriatis notato; pericarpio subtenuiter coriaceo; seminibus angulatis, erectis, structura generis. In Amazonas: v. s. fr. in Mus. Brit., Rio Negro (Wallace) ; in Mus. Kev. (Spruce). These fruits probably belong to one of the many species of Macacarecuya which Dr. Spruce saw near the banks of the Rio Negro, far too high to obtain specimens, the fruits being found on the ground beneath them. The pyxidium (Plate LXI. fig. 13) is 1-12 in. high, 2-21 in. in diam. at the calycary zone, which is + in. above the gradually contracted base; the interzonary band is 2-3 lines high ; the upper zone and operculum are 2 in. in diam., the latter 3 lines high, very flattened above, and shortly umbonated in the middle, very concave within, where it is marked by the evanescent dissepiment, its velarium descending 3 lines within the mouth; the pericarp is rather thin and coriaceous, marked within along the sides with the trace of the dissepiment, and in the bottom by 10 cicatrices in 2 rows, where the seeds were attached; the seeds are like those of J. obtectum. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA, 279 6. JUGASTRUM PorrEAUI, nob.: Lecythis Poiteaui, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 615: ramulis teretibus, subtenuibus, rugoso-striatis, lenticellis verruculosis, junioribus nigrescentibus ; foliis oblongis, imo obtusis, apice in acumen angustum attenuatis, ad marginem tenuem revolutum. obsolete serratis, subchartaceis, supra nitidis, nervis plurimis tenuissimis subpatule divaricatis semiimmersis, venis reticulatis, costa tenuissima vix prominula, subtus pallidioribus, luride fulvidis vel cinnamomeis, valde opacis, pruinosis, conspicue nigro-punctatis, costa nigra nitente prominente, nervis venisque nigris paullo prominulis; petiolo nigrescente, canaliculato, limbo 18-24plo breviore: racemo terminali folio eequilongo ; rachi flexuosa, crassa, longe nodosa, transversim dense rugulosa, paueiflora; floribus majusculis ; pedicellis sub- remotis, erassiusculis, rugulosis, recurvis ; sepalis 6, oblongis, obtusis, ineequalibus ; petalis 6, albo-virescentibus ; androphoro albo ; ovario infero, turbinato, subgranoso- rugoso, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo circ. 6, e basi erectis, vertice intra diseum depresso; stylo longiusculo. In Guiana: v.s. in hb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Martin) ; in hb. Hook., Guiana Gallica (Sagot, 270, sub Lecythis racemiflora). As Sagot’s plant agrees so well with Berg’s species, I have referred it to this genus on account of the structure of its androphorum and of its ovarium: it is closely allied to Jugastrum coriaceum. The leaves are 3-6 in. long, 13-27 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, and they have about 24 pairs of nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing; the rachis of the raceme is above 6 in. long, bare at its base for half its length, where it is 13-3 lines thick; the pedicels, thickened above, are smooth, recurved, nearly 1 in. long; the flower in bud is 9 lines in diam., very broad when expanded ; sepals 4 lines long, 3 lines broad; petals small when compared with the androphorum, 10 lines long, 7 lines broad ; androphorum globose, 8 lines in diam. in the bud, expanded 28 lines long, 8 lines broad at the basal ring, 12 lines broad in the globose hood, which is lined with very numerous adpressed staminiferous appendages ; the turbi- nate MAI is 4 lines long, 5 lines broad across the annular disk; the style is 2 lines long. | 8. COURATARI (Plate XXXV. B.). e history of this genus is already given (ante, p.168), showing how its characters ا‎ completely misunderstood and described as those of a new genus, under the ecythopsis ; it only remains. to offer an outline of its true generic features. COURATARI, Aubl. ا‎ Sehrank, Berg: Cariniana (in parte), Berg (non Casar.). adnati sepala 6, oblonga, obtusa, crassiuscula, subrotata. Petala 6, magna, oblonga, imo areas, apice rotundata, concava, carnosula, subimbricata, subinzqualia, unguibus ad discum ine oT agglutinata et cum isto decidua. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. eea intus ? petaloideum, imo in poculum disco adnatum reductum, centro nen 1 , pen dieulis numerosis brevibus subclavatis creberrimis staminigeris instructum, hinc uno ligula un longissimam æquilatam crassam canaliculatam nudam sensim ee. APEN Sphæri ene, reduplicatim contorta, et in nodum contracta, gales termi acta EA ad Ca, reversa, “ppendiculis numerosissimis lineari-subulatis sterilibus adpresse قوف از‎ eR ۱ 0 280 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACES. averse echinata. Staminain appendiculis basalibus solummodo insita, iis Lecythidis similia. Ovarium ۰ omnino inferum, turbinatum, 3-loculare, vertice intra discum concavo, radiatim sulcato, margine elevato-crenato ; ovula in quoque loculo plurima, e basi erecta, anatropa. Stylus subbrevis, late conicus. Stigma articulatim globosum, nitidum, centro cavum. Pyxidium subtrigone cylindricum, imo sæpe obconicum, paullo sub apicem zona calycari irregulariter lineari cinctum ; vifta interzonali angusta, erecta ; zona superiore trigono-circulari: operculum isti conforme, breve, supra pulvinatum, radiato-suleatum, subconcavum, centro breviter umbonatum, subtus columella ad basin descendente auctum : columella solide coriacea, crassissime trigona, angulis ad parietem adnata, hoc modo loculi 3 seminigeri intermanent, et angulis demum a pariete solutis mox cum operculo seminibusque decidit : pericarpium exinde viduum 1-loculare apparet, tenuiter coriaceum, intus nitidum, lineis 3 cicatricatis signatum, epicarpio tenuiter suberoso, mesocarpio cancellato-fibroso. Semina in quoque loculo 4-6, hilo basali ad fundum columella affixa, erecta, imbricata, rotundatim oblonga, compressissima ; scuta (seu teste pars embryonifera) centralis, oblonga, compressa, pergaminea, ala lata submembranacea undique cincta: embryo exalbuminosus, hippocrepiformis, radicula eequilonga, tereti, imo paullo crassiore, ad hilum basalem spectante, apice subito recurvata, cum cotyledonibus 2 descendentibus, magnis, ovalibus, foliaceis, carnosulis, valde corrugato-plicatis, subzequilongis. Arbores Americe tropice et Antillane, procere, frondose : folia oblonga, vel elliptica, petiolata: racemi terminales, pluriflori ; flores speciosi, pedicellati; pedicelli bracteis 3 caducis muniti. 1. COURATARI GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Gu. ii. 724, tab. 290; A. Rich. Ann. Sc. Nat. i. 329, tab. 21 ; Poit. Mém. Mus. xiii. 159, tab. 8. figs. 7-13; DC. Prodr. iii. 204; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. Z. c. p. 507; Linn. xxvii. 463: ramis patentissimis; ramulis sub- tenuibus, fuscis aut subeinereis, lenticellis minutis verruculosis; foliis oblongis, imo obtusis et subito breviter acutatis, apice in acumen acutum repente constrictis, ad marginem tenuem crenulato-undulatis et obsolete serratis, submembranaceis, supra brunneo-viridibus aut rufescentibus, sublucentibus, nervis plurimis divergentibus semiimmersis, venis reticulatis, costa tenui, plana, striolata, subtus pallide brunneis, opacis, nervis tenuibus fuscis vix prominulis, costa tenui, fusca, paullo prominula; petiolo fusco, profunde canaliculato, ruguloso, limbo 20plo breviore: racemo ter- minali, folio dimidio breviore; rachi subtenui, nodosa, 12-15-flora ; pedicellis brevibus, recurvulis, cum nodis articulatis; calycis limbo campanulato, in lobos 6 acutos erectos diviso; petalis 6, insequalibus, crassiusculis, obtuse obovatis ; ovario subinfero, 3-loculari; ovulis in quoque loculo 4, e basi erectis, stylo breviter subu- lato, stigmate parvo globoso terminato: pyxidio cylindrico, subtrigono, imo obtuso paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, diametri 1 partem alta, margine tenui, paullulo reflexo ; zona superiore suborbiculari ; operculo alte pulvinato, radiatim suleato, centro umbilicato et umbonato, subtus columella solida triquetra elongata aucto; pericarpio sublevi, obsoletissime multicostato, opaco, brunneo, lenticellis flavidis maculato, coriaceo-lignoso, epidermide rimosa, primum 3-loculari, post columelle casum 1-loculari; seminibus ut in char. generico. In Guiana : v. s. pl. sine flore in hb. Mus. Brit., Cayenne (Aublet); v. fruct. sice. in Mus. Brit. A tree of immense size, growing on the borders of rivers, with a straight trunk, 60 feet long and 4 feet in diam., affording an excellent timber ; and its inner bark, ۳ posed of several scores of laminee, is applied to many useful purposes. The axils ot c MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 98] branehlets are 4-34 in. apart; the leaves are 33-53 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, on a petiole 2-3 lines long, and they have about 9 pairs of very fine nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosing; rachis 33 in. long, with projecting nodes 4-5 lines apart; flower expanded1 $ in. broad ; petals 8 lines long, 43 lines broad; the pyxidium (Plate LXII. fig. 113) is 334 in. long, 14 in. broad; calycary zone 4 lines below the summit; the upper zone is 1j in. in diam.; the opereulum, of the same breadth, is 6 lines high, attached to the columella, which is 1 in. in diam., triquetrous, and the length of the cell, but contracts considerably in drying; the seeds are 22 in. long, 8 lin. broad, membranaceous on the margin, with an embryoniferous escutcheon 1 in. long, 2 in. broad, the radicle terete and of that length, pointing to the basal hilum, and with corrugated cotyledons reflected downwards. 2. COURATARI GLABRA, Camb. Fl. Br. Mer. ii. 379: Lecythopsis glabra, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. Z. c. p. 505, tab. 76: glabra, ramulis teretiusculis; foliis sparsis, oblongo- lanceolatis, utrinque gradatim angustatis, obsolete serrato-dentatis, subtus glabris, costa prominente, nervis vix prominulis, reticulatis ; petiolo semitereti, canaliculato, glabro, limbo 12-16plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevi- oribus; rachi angulosa, glabra, 5—7-flora; pedicellis crassis, brevibus; sepalis late ovatis, acutiusculis; petalis subinzequalibus, obovato-rotundis, concavis, flavidis, glabris ; androphoro luteo ; ovario turbinato, semiinfero, 3-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo 8, e placentis basilaribus erectis et uniserialibus, vertice elevato, complanato, glaberrimo ; stylo brevi, obtuso: pyxidio subeylindrico, vix trigonoideo, zona caly- cari irregulariter lineari paullo sub apicem cincto ; vitta interzonali angusta, paullulo convexa; operculo depresse pulvinato, radiatim sulcato, concavo, centro late et breviter umbonato, cum columella longe descendente subtriquetra agglutinato ; periearpio brunneo, opaco, subtenuiter coriaceo, primum 3-loculari; seminibus in quoque loculo 4, imbricatim e basi adscendentibus, compressissimis; scuto embryo- nifero ovato centrali et ala lata membranacea cincto. In Brasilia, in sylvis primevis prope Rio de Janeiro (non vidi). A tree 20-30 feet high, which did not come under my observation, although growing m the Woods at the foot of the Corcovado within a mile of the locality of the subsequent "Pedes. Tt is distinguished from that by many salient characters, especially by its com- plete baldness, The leaves are 2-4 in. long, 8-12 lines broad, on a petiole 2-3 lin. long; the pedicels are 2 lines long ; the sepals 2 lin. long; the petals 7 lin. long, 6 lin. broad ; the Pyxidium (Plate LXII. fig. 5) 4 in. long; the calycary zone 21 in. in diam. and 33 in. den base ; the interzonal band 4 in. high ; the upper zone and operculum 2 in. vui m ۶ 3 lines high, its columella being more than 3 in. long; the seeds, somewhat o ‚and narrower towards the base, are 13 in. long, 14 in. broad, with a central flat- mA escutcheon 1 in, long, $ in. broad, marked by a linear raphe descending to the ilar hilum, 3. ۳ RUFESCENS, Camb. Fl. Bras. Mer. ii. 380, tab. 159: Lecythopsis, sp., — in Act, Acad. Monac, vii. 241 (1820): Lecythopsis rufescens, Berg in rt. Fl. Bras, 7, e. p. 504, tab. 75, fig. 1: Lecythis pyramidata, Vell, Fl. Flum. 282 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. p. 222, Icon. v. tab. 86: ramulis validiusculis, teretibus, subflexuosis, angulato-striatis, ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis ovato-oblongis, junioribus angustiore oblongis, imo sub- rotundatis vel obtusatis, apice sensim angustioribus et in acumen obtusum sepe recurvum attenuatis, marginibus undulatis, vix recurvulis, remotiuscule et grosse crenato-dentatis, rigide chartaceis aut subcoriaceis, supra leete viridibus, valde opacis, glaberrimis, sub lente minutissime granulatis, nervis tenuibus divergentibus paullo prominulis, venis t is creberri ticulatis, costa tenui, subprominula, imo latiore, plana, straminea, subtus paullo pallidioribus, opacis, nervis venisque prominentibus, costa valida, latiuscula, striolata, prominente, pilis brevibus rufulis pubescente; petiolo valido, supra late sulcato, marginato, rufo-pubescente, limbo 16plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio subzequilongis, simplicibus, rarius ramosis; rachi subtenui, rufo-pubescente, 16-20-flora ; pedicellis brevibus, crassiusculis, dense pubescentibus, imo articulatis et 3-bracteolatis; bracteolis ob- longis, acutiusculis, deciduis, pubescentibus; sepalis 6, rotundatis, acutis, valde imbricatis, extus carinatis et dense pubescentibus; petalis 6, obovatis, unguiculatis, majuseulis, flavidis, extus puberulis ; androphoro majuseulo, flavo ; ovario turbinato, subinfero, pubescente, 3-loculari, ovulis pluribus ad axin basi affixis, erectis, vertice pulvinato, dense pilosulo, centro concavo, stylo in cavitate late umbonato, glabro, stigmate paullo minore semigloboso cavo glabro apiculato: pyxidio turbinato-cylin- drico, obsolete trigono, opace brunneo, scrobiculato-ruguloso, cortice rimoso, paullo sub apicem zona calycari irregulariter lineari cincto ; vitta interzonali brevi, diametri 4tam partem alta, basi erecta, apice introrsum convexa; zona superiore quam in- ferior paullo minore, integra, orbiculari; operculo orbiculari, depresse pulvinato, crenato-suleato, centro concavo et umbonato, subtus columella crassa subtriquetra elongata aucto; pericarpio post operculi casum 1-loculari, tenuiter coriaceo, glabro; seminibus in loculis 3, ad columellam imo affixis, erectis, imbricatis, margine ala lata membranacea undique cinctis. In Brasilia: v. v. in Jlore et in fructu, Barro Vermelho, Rio de Janeiro. : al avata ULU YOUL A noble tree, with a straight trunk 40-60 feet high, with a wide-spreading head; its branchlets, 23 lines thick, have axils 13-2 lines apart; the leaves are.4—7 in. long, 2-4} in. wide, on a broad petiole 2 lines long; the raceme is 2—7 in. long, the pedicels 3 lines long; the sepals 3 lines long and broad; the petals 15—17 lin. long, 9-10 lines broad; the pyxidium (Plate LXII. fig. 8) is 3 in. long, 13 in. broad; the interzonary band is 4 lines high, and below the mouth, which is 1; line broad, the operculum, of the same size, is 2 lines high, attached to the descending columella of nearly the same diameter; the seeds are much larger in proportion than in the other species, being 2 in. long and 11 lines broad, the embryoniferous disk in the centre being 14 lines long and 6 lines broad. | 4. COURATARI MARTIANA, nob.: Lecythis Martiana, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. 7. c. p. 487: glabra, ramulis teretiusculis, suleatis, fuscis; foliis sparsis, ovali-oblongis, imo acutis, apice obtusis et breviter acuminatis, marginibus vix serrulatis, supra pallidis, nervis divaricatis, arcuatim nexis, cum aliis interjectis et anastomosantibus, venis MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE A. 283 ` reticulatis, costa vix prominula ; petiolo limbo 9plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et - terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi valida, angulata; pedicellis brevibus, crassis ; sepalis brevibus subrotundis, glabris; ovario 3-loculari: pyxidio majusculo, sub- eylindrico, aut obsolete trigono, lineis plurimis longitudinalibus obsoletissime costato, fusco-brunneo, opaco, lenticellis flavidis maculato, paullo sub apicem zona calycari cincto; vittainterzonali erecta, diametri 6tam partem alta, margine tenui extrorsum paullulo reflexa; zona superiore suborbiculari; operculo isti conformi, depresse pulvinato, radiatim suleato, centro umbilicato et umbonato, subtus columella solida triquetra aucto; ceeteris precedentium. In Brasilia, prov. Pará: plantam non vidi ; v. fr. s. in Mus. Brit. et Kew. et in Mus. Soc. Linn. This species is evidently a Couratari, because of its 3-locular ovary, and appears to be near C. glabra; the leaves are 43-6} in. long, 11—31 in. broad, on a petiole 6-8 lines long; the rachis of the inflorescence is 2-4 in. long ; the pedicels 12 line long ; the flower in bud is 6-S lines in diameter. The fruit of this species (Plate LXIT. fig. 1), common in collections, is most frequently mistaken for that of C. Guianensis; it is larger and broader, with a more depressed and broader operculum; it is 5-53 in. long, 12-2 in. broad; the calycary zone is 14-13 in. in diam., and 6-8 lines below the mouth; the upper zone is 12 in. broad; the opereulum of the same diameter is 4 lines high; the seeds are 21 in. long, 5 lines broad. 5. OOURATARI CORIACEA, Mart., Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. p. 510, tab. 75. fig. 2: planta ignota: pyxidio obconice cylindrico, manifeste subtrigono, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cincto; vitta interzonali angusta, erecta, vel extrorsum subconvexa, quam diameter 6plo breviore; zona superiore subtrigona, orbiculari, margine acuto ; operculo ignoto ; pericarpio subtenui, coriaceo, extus leevigato, intus septorum 3 vestigiis signato ; pedunculo pollicari. In Brasilia, prov. Pará (non vidi). The pyxidium, of thinnish substance, is 22 in. long, with a calycary zone 2} in. above the base, and 1 in. in diam. ; upper zone 14 broad, acute, with the interzonary band erect and slightly convex, 2 lines high. 6. CovRATARI Paraiinsts, Mart., Berg in Mart. El. Br. Z. c. p. 510, tab. 79. fig. 4: planta ignota : Pyxidio cylindrice oblongo, imo urceolato, medio subinflato, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cincto; vitta interzonali angustiuscula, erecta; zona Superiore inferiorem eequante, orbiculari, integra; operculo ignoto; pericarpio cori- aceo-lignoso, subtenui, scabridiuscule verruculoso, intus septorum 3 vestigiis signato. In Brasilia, prov. Pará (non vidi). rong idioma figured is 12 in. long, 13 in. in diam. across the middle; the caly cary . 2 311. above the base, is 1 in. in diam., the upper zone of the same width, with an nterzonary band 4 in. high, T. se ar Tavarr, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l c. p. 509; Hook. Kew Journ. e: is teretibus, striatis, fuscescentibus; foliis sparsis, late ovatis, imo obtusis et 284 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. in petiolum angustatis, apice longe acuminatis, subintegerrimis, supra fusco-vir dibus, nididis, nervis utrinque 10—12 patentim incurvis adscendentibus et cum venis immersis reticulatis anastomosantibus, costa prominente ; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 12plo breviore: inflorescentia et fructu ignotis. In Brasilia, in prov. Pará, ad Tanaü, in fluv. ripis (non vidi). Spruce saw this species growing at Tanaü, here it was too lofty to procure specimens of its leaves. Martius, however, obtained its leaves, though without flower or fruit, so that we are not certain that it belongs to this genus. It is a magnificent tree, with a straight trunk, strengthened at its base by strong buttresses, and affords a valuable hard timber of a palish colour, used in ship-building, yielding logs 65 feet long and 18 in. square. The name Taüari is also given to its laminated inner bark, consisting of many thin whitish sheets of the substance of paper, well known in commerce, being extensively used for the covering of cigarettes. The leaves are 3-5 in. long, 13-3 in. broad, on a petiole 3-5 lines long. Either this species or another producing an inner bark, bearing the name of Tañari, is found in the province of Maranhao. 8. COURATARI VRIESII, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio cylindrico imo gradatim conico, obsoletissime trigono, costulis parallelis subprominentibus circa 12 signato, intervallis tenuiter reticulatis, paullo sub apicem zona calycari e sepalis 6 parvis acutis linea nexis cincto ; vitta interzonali angusta, erecta; zona superiore suborbiculari, margine acuta; operculo ignoto; pericarpio tenuissime coriaceo, brunneo, intus vestigiis septorum 3 notato. In Guiana, v. f. s. in Mus. Kew., Surinam (De Vriese). The pyxidium is 3 in. long, gradually attenuated downward from the calycary zone, which is 2} in. above the base, and 14 in. in diam. ; the interzonary band is 3 lines high; the upper zone entire, acute on the edge, and 1j in. in diam.; the pedicel is slender, 13 in. long. 9. CARINIANA. (Plate XXXV. c.) It was shown (ante, p. 169) that this genus of Casaretto was not accepted by botanists, and that its species were described and figured by Berg under the name of Couratari. It differs, however, most essentially from that genus in its smaller flowers, cup-shaped calyx, smaller, equal petals, in the structure of its androphorum, in the very thick peri- carp of its fruit, and in its seeds, winged only at one extremity. | CARINIANA, Casar. Couratari, Berg (non Aubl.). Calyx adnatus, limbo libero, brevi, cupulari, margine in lobos 6 rotundatos vel acutiores diviso, rotatus. Petala 6, parva, lineari-oblonga, subzqualia, apice imbricata et hic seepius adhaerentis, imo soluta, et sepe cum androphoro modo calyptre caduca, rarius explanata. Androphorum pat vum, urceolato-campanulatum, ore valde obliquo, margine in appendices lineares staminiferas laciniato, cum appendicibus aliis similibus intra tubum pluriseriatis, inferioribus gradatim brevis- simis, cunctis introrsum inflexis, tubo margine basali ad diseum affixo. Stamina parva, in appen" dicula insita, iis Couroupite simillima. Discus epigynus annularis, angustissimus. Ovarium omnino inferum, turbinatum, 3-loculare, vertice intra discum concavo, radiatim striato, margine ders MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. 285 crenato; ovula in quoque loculo plurima, e basi erecta, anatropa. Stylus longiusculus, tereti-subu- latus, paullo incurvus. Stigma parvum, obsolete 3-dentieulatum. — Pyzidium cylindraceum vel pyriforme, summum versus zona calycari indistincte lineari cinctum ; vitta interzonali angustissima ; zona superiore circulari ; operculum conforme, cylindricum, faucem implens, apice nullo modo pro- minens et plano-truncatum, vel breviter exsertum et pulvinato-convexum, subtus cum columella »quilata ad basin descendente continuum ; columella lignosa, trigona, angulis parieti adnata, quare loculi 3 seminigeri intermanent; angulis demum à pariete solutis, hoc modo decidit; pericarpium exinde viduum, 1-loculare apparet, crassissimum, dens elignosum, intus nitidum, cicatricibus 3 line- -aribus et impressionibus seutorum signatum. Semina in quoque loculo 4-8, fundo columelle affixa, erecta, collateraliter imbricata, elongata, apice in scutum embryoniferum (testa) subovale plano- convexum pergamineum et infra in alam :equilatam membranaceam, 3plo longiorem expansa : embryo ei Courataris similis, sed cotyledonibus multo brevioribus. Arbores Americe intertropice indigene, procerrime, trunco amplissimo, comose, ramosissime ; folia petio- lata, elliptica vel lanceolato-oblonga, subserrulata ; panicula terminalis, ramis expansa, multiflora ; flores parvi, inconspicui. 1. CARINIANA EXCELSA, Casar. Dec. x. p. 46; Walp. Rep. v. 757: Couratari Estrellensis, VOL, Raddi, Mem. Soc. Ital. Modena, xviii. 403; Mem. Pl. Bras. Add. p. 25, fig. 2; D.C. Prodr. iii. 296; Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. p. 511, tab. 79. fig. 5, et tab. 81: ramulis rufescentibus, teretibus, striatis, verruculosis ; foliis ellipticis, imo sensim acutis, in petiolo revolutis et breviter decurrentibus, apice in acumen breve anguste obtusulum subito constrictis, crebre crenato-serrulatis, rigide chartaceis, supra pallide viridibus, opacis, costa nervisque tenuibus paullo prominulis, venis . transversis reticulatis, subtus ochraceo-brunneis, opacis, nervis costaque striolata prominulis; petiolo fusco supra plano, tenuiter marginato, limbo 9plo breviore: panieulis axillaribus et terminalibus, in ramulis superioribus e foliis lapsis, in thyrsam laxe expansam dilatatis; rachi remote ramulosa; ramulis tenuissimis, compressis, ochraceo-pruinosis; floribus parvis, subapproximatis, breviter pedicel- latis; calyce breviter campanulato, margine in lobos breves 6 glanduloso-ciliatos crenato ; petalis oblongis, membranaceis, luteis, extus granulatim pulverulentis ; Ovario semiinfero, 3-loculari, vertice convexo; ovulis plurimis, biserialiter erectis, imo affixis; stylo brevissimo; stigmate minimo, 3-lobo: pyxidio elongato, ventri- cose eylindrico, imo acutiore, longiuscule sub apicem zona calycari inconspicuo a sepalorum vestigiis linea undulata nexis cincto; vitta interzonali suberecta et paullo inflexa, diametri dimidiam partem alta ; zona superiore cireulari, quam inferior tertia parte angustiore, et ad faucem acutam dentibus plurimis subremotis munita ; operculo ejusdem diametri, exserto, convexo, ad columellam fere æquilatam ligno- "am triquetram longe descendentem arcte connato ; pericarpio crasso, lignoso, denso, co-brunneo, obsolete ruguloso et lenticellis flavis granosis verruculoso, intus demum 1-Iocul "um signato; seminibus in quoque loculo 6-8, biseriatim erectis, structura generis. is Brasilia, in montibus Organensibus et insula S. Sebastiäo (lat. 24^. S.) in sylvis E (Raddi) : v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., prov. Minas Geraës ad Jaquará (Riedel) , e ue sine loco) ; v. fr. in Mus. Kew. (sine indicio), Brazil (Burchell, 9077*). : 7 2P ari vestigiis septorum 3 et impressionibus profunde excavatis semi. 286 | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. This is a tree with a trunk of immense diameter, and 120 feet high, not infrequent in the province of Rio de Janeiro, affording a valuable timber, and bearing the name of Jequitibá branca, which is much employed in the Campos for sugar-cases. The axils of its branchlets are 2-1 in. apart; the leaves are 13-34 in. long, 11-2 in. broad, on a petiole 4-5 lines long, and they have about 12 pairs of nerves, with others intermediate, very short, all anastomosed ; the panicles are 3—4 in. long, with 3 or 4 shorter branches; the pedicels 1 line long; the calyx 4 line; the petals 2 lines long, 3 line broad ; the pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 6) is 44 in. long (sometimes a little shorter), 12 in. in diam. in the middle, the calycary zone is 3$ in. above the base, and 13 in. in diam.; the interzonary band is 8 lines high; the upper zone 1 in. broad; the operculum is of the same diameter, 43 lines high, the columella 4 in. long, 10 lines thick within the mouth for the length of 4 lines, then tapering downward, and trigonously ehambered ; the pericarp is # in. thick; the seeds 16 lines long, 5 lines broad, membranaceous below, bearing à coriaceous embryoniferous escutcheon 5 lines long, 4 lines broad. 2. CARINIANA DOMESTICA, nob.: Cowratari domestica, Mart. Fl. Ratisb. 7. c. p.127; Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. Z. c. p. 510, tab. 80: ramulis crebris, teretibus, glabris, juni- oribus subpuberulis; foliis ovato-oblongis, imo acute obtusis, apice in acumen sub- breve obtusulum attenuatis, marginibus cartilagineis subrevolutis, leviter crenato- serrulatis, chartaceis, erebre parallele nervosis, nervis patenter divergentibus sub- immersis, venis transversis, reticulatis, costa crassiuscula ; petiolo canaliculato, mar- ginato, limbo 12plo breviore: paniculis axillaribus et terminalibus, seepe binis, folio 2-3plo longioribus, pauciramosis, bracteolis minutis donatis; ramis densifloris, angulatis, puberulis; pedicellis brevibus; calyce breviter campanulato, margine in lobos 6 rotundos expansos diviso ; petalis spathulato-oblongis, obtusis ; ovario infero, 3-loculari, vertice plano; stylo brevi, conico, obtuso: pyxidio urceolato-cylindrico, subcostatim hexagono, longe supra medium zona calycari annulatim prominente cincto ; vitta interzonali introrsum inclinata, diametri 3tiam partem alta ; zona supe- riore integra, quam inferior angustiore; operculo orbiculari, depresse convexo, cum columella fere sequilata continuo, hac summo breviter cylindrica, dein 3quetra, longe descendente ; periearpio erasso, dure lignoso, fusco, opaco, obsolete tubercu- lato; ceteris ut in precedente. In Brasilia, prov. Goyaz, Cuyabá (Silva Manso): plant. non vidi; v. fruct. in Mus. Kew. (Burchell, 9877*). This is a lofty tree, also bearing the name of Jequitibá : the axils of its branchlets are Hi in. apart; the leaves are 3-43 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, on a petiole 3—4 lines long, and have about 24 pairs of parallel nerves; the panicle is 2-2} in. long, bearing about 3 branchlets, 13 in. long, erowded with small flowers ; the short calyx is 1 line long ; the petals, verging from yellow to red, and margined with white, are 3 lines long, 1 line broad; the yellow androphorum is 2 lines long and broad, and is charged within with very numerous short staminigerous appendages. The pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 4) 8 2; in. long, the calycary zone is 12 in. in diam., is 1$ in. above the base; the interzonary band is 5 lines high; the upper zone is 10 lines in diam.; the opereulum, of the same breadth, is 1 line high; the columella and seeds as in the preceding species. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 287 3. CARINIANA BRASILIENSIS, Casar. Dec. iv. 36; Walp. Rep. v. 757: Couratari legalis, Mart. Fl. Ratisb. xx. Beibl. ii. 88; Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. l.c. p. 512, tab. 7. fig. 151 et 163, tab. 82: ramulis brunneis, interrupte striatis, obsolete verruculoso- rugosis; foliis ellipticis vel elongato-elliptieis, imo acutis, marginibus basalibus subito breviter revolutis et in petiolo decurrentibus, apice in acumen sublineare obtusulum aut emarginatum repente constrictis, marginibus cartilagineis grossule et obtusule serratis, chartaceis, supra nitentibus vel opacioribus, profunde viridibus, nervis divergentibus tenuissimis venisque transversis reticulatis prominulis, costa tenui, subtus pallidioribus, brunnescenti- vel- glauco-opacis, costa nervis venisque pro- minulis; petiolo tenui, canaliculato, limbo Splo breviore: paniculis terminalibus, folium subsequantibus, ramosis, ramis subbrevibus; rachi tenui, angulata, com- pressa, cum floribus subparvis subcongestis flavide pulverulenta ; pedicellis brevibus ; sepalis parvis, latis, subacutis, imo in tubulum breve connatis, pulverulentis ; petalis lineari-oblongis, obtusis, extus flavide pulverulentis ; androphoro brevi ; ovario infero, turbinato, tuberculato, pruinoso, 3-loculari, vertice plano, ovulis in quoque loculo 4-6 e basi adscendentibus; stylo longiusculo, conico, imo crassiusculo, subu- lato, apice eurvulo ; stigmate minimo, cavo: pyxidio parvo, cylindrico, imo obtuso, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cincto ; vitta interzonali introrsum valde cur- vata, convexa, diametri tertiam partem alta; zona superiore quam inferior dimidio angustiore; operculo parvo, orbiculari, planatim truncato, faucem implente, cum columella ejusdem diametri continuo, hac mox triquetra et longe descendente; pericarpio lignoso, crassissimo, cortice crasso suberoso ruguloso rimoso tecto, intus post columelle casum 1-loculari, cylindrico, impressionibus seminum excavato; seminibus in quoque loculo 4-5 imbricatim erectis, char. gen. conformibus. In Brasilia, prov. Rio de Janeiro: v. v. in flore et fructu, in Monte Corcovado; v. s. in hb. Hook. (Martius, 60, sine loco) ; (Riedel, 1238) ; (Sello). This is a tree of immense size, with very broad, lofty, spreading branches, its trunk producing a timber of much value, useful in works of construction and ship-building, Which is known by the name of Jequitibá rosa. The axils of its slender branchlets are H B. apart; the leaves are 13-2 in. long, 9-13 lines broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, ins li about 8 or 10 pairs of nerves arcuately conjoined near the margin, and guis Ma transverse veins, much reticulated. In my specimens they mer with p dead and opaque and a trifle smaller; the terminal panicle 15 la 2 ze ix * es 4-8 lines long, each bearing 4—6 flowers on pedicels 3 line long; : e = “a } line Eos the petals 13 line long, $ line broad; the ovary is line long, A 2 3 p ida style nearly 1 line long ; the pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 1) is | E 2 i the ab es broad, the calycary zone being 3 lines below the summit, 8 lines in gn 5 = “onary band 3 lines high, the upper zone and operculum 3 lines 1n zs : : > plug WE : ois flat at top, not exserted; the columella, being se the sores ora x : qual diam, 15-18 lines long, triquetrous below, with 3 flat sides, the angles ly conjoined 3 lines below the summit; the linear seeds are 10 lines long, 3 lines lin low, in form of a thin membrane, with an apical embryoniferous escutcheon 3—4 *$ long, ? 9P2 288 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 4. CARINIANA RUBRA, nob.: Couratari rubra, Gardn. MSS.: ramulis teretibus, sub- validis, subbrunneis, opacis, rugoso-striatis, verruculosis; foliis ovatis, imo trun- cato-rotundatis, a medio sursum gradatim paullo angustioribus, apice obtusis et in aeumen breve obtusum recurvulum subito constrictis, marginibus cartilagineis paullo revolutis serrulato-crenatis, rigide chartaceis, supra subpallidis, opacis, nervis plurimis patenti-divergentibus parallelis tenuibus subimmersis, venis transversis reticulatis, subtus luride brunnescentibus, valde opacis, costa nervis venisque pro- minulis; petiolo valido, supra suleato et marginato, rugoso-striato, limbo 10plo breviore: paniculis terminalibus, multiramosis, rachi ramisque pallide brunneis, opace pruinosis, striato-angulosis; floribus parvis, approximatis, brevissime pedi- cellatis; sepalis 6, acute oblongis, imo breviter connatis, lateritiis, extus carinatis, granulato-pruinosis, margine ciliatis; petalis 6, subzequalibus, obovatis, extus prui- nosis, fimbriato-ciliolatis; androphoro urceolato, subbilabiato, labio antico brevis- simo, postico longiore, concavo, galeatim inflexo, ad margines et intus undique appendieulis staminiferis numerosis crebre munitis ; ovario infero, 3-loculari, vertice depresse pulvinato, radiatim striato; ovulis plurimis e basi erectis; stylo brevi, conico ; stigmate minuto: pyxidio turbinato-cylindrico, subhexagono, angulis sub- costeeformibus apice areuatim nexis, imo obtuso, longe supra medium zona calycari crasse annulata subprominente cineto ; vitta interzonali introrsum convexa, diametri tertiam partem alta; opereulo ignoto; pericarpio crassissimo, dure lignoso, fusco- brunneo, opaco, cortice suberoso, cancellatim rimoso, vix scrobiculato, intus vestigiis septorum 3, et impressionibus seminum signato: seminibus in quoque loculo 6, triseriatis, imbricatis. In Brasilia, prov. Goyas: v. pl. s. in hb. Mus. Brit. et Kew., fruct. in Mus. Kew., ad Natividade (Gardner, 9473). A large tree, with an inflorescence greatly resembling that of C. Uahupensis, but with very different leaves and different fruit; the latter is called Cachimbo de Macaco (Monkey's pipe). "The axils of the branchlets are 3-1 in. apart; the leaves are 41—51 in. long, 23-31 in. broad, on a petiole 5-6 lines long, and have about 16 to 18 pairs of nerves arcuately conjoined near the margin ; the terminal panicle is 6 in. long, with lateral branches 13-24 in. long; pedicels 3 line apart and + line long; the flowers are of a brick-red colour, with a yellow androphorum; the calyx expanded is 2 lines across, its segments 4 line long and broad; petals 3 lines long, 2 lines broad, narrowing to- wards the base; the androphorum 11 line long and broad ; the pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 10) somewhat like that of C. domestica, but broader and stouter; it is 3 in. long (sometimes 4 in.), 1} in. broad; the calycary zone, 24 in. above the base, is nearly 13 in. in diam. and 3 lines thick ; the interzonary band is 6 lines high ; the upper zone 9 lines in diam. ; the pericarp is 5 lines in thickness, 5. CARINIANA UAHUPENSIS, nob. : Couratari Uaupensis, Berg in Mart. Fl. Bras. J. c. p. 508, tab. 78: Amphoricarpus Uaupensis, Spruce MS.: ramulis cortice crassiusculo rimoso tectis, cinereo-opacis, tortuose striatis, pruinosis; foliis magnis, oblongis, imo sensim obtusis, et in petiolum breviter acutatis, apicem versus rotundatis et in acumen longiusculum angustissimum mucronatum subito attenuatis, subintegris, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 289 marginibus cartilagineis valde revolutis et ündulatis, subcoriaceis, supra pallide aut | profundius viridibus, nitidiuseulis, nervis plurimis parallelis. recte: divergentibus paullo prominulis, venis tenuissimis creberrime transversis reticulatis, costa fusca semiimmersa, subtus ochraceo-pallidis, valde opacis, costa nervisque rufescentibus valde prominentibus ; petiolo valido, profunde canaliculato, marginato, subtus corru- gulato, limbo 14plo breviore: paniculis axillaribus, ultimis e foliis delapsis thyrsam folio breviorem simulantibus, laxe expansis, remotiuseule alternatim ramosis, ramis iterum longiuscule ramulosis, ramulis rectis, angulato-striatis, subflexuosis, crebre multifloris; floribus parvis, sessilibus, eburneis (siccis fuscis); calyce patelleeformi, margine expanso, in lobos 5 brevissimos rotundatos diviso ; petalis 5, lineari-oblongis, carnosulis, rarius expansis, seepius apicibus imbricatis agglutinatis et in forma calyp- tre caducis ; androphoro urceolato-tubulari, sub-2-labiato, labio antico breviore fere ad basin in appendiculas 4 subulatas diviso, postico 2plo longiore, margine in appen- dices 6 laciniato, appendiculis cunctis cum aliis brevioribus tubo 2-seriatim ortis staminiferis; ovario: infero, 3-loculari, vertice plano; ovulis plurimis e basi erectis ; stylo ealyce 2plo longiore, subulato, subincurvo; pyxidio cylindraceo, imo rotun- dato, paullo sub apicem zona calycari indistincte lineari cincto; vitta interzonali prominente, annulari, convexo, diametri 8vam partem alta; zona superiore inferio- rem :equante; operculo ignoto ; pericarpio crassissimo, lignoso, cortice erassiusculo suberoso longitudinaliter valde rimoso tecto, opace brunneo, lenticellis flavidis crebre maculato, intus demum 1-loculari, vestigiis septorum 3 et impressionibus seminum signato. In Brasilia: v. pl. s. in hb. variis, cum fruct. in hb. Hook., prope S. Carlos, Rio Uahupes (fluv. N igri tribut.) in ripis (Spruce, 2510). A tree of vast size, with a trunk 100 feet high, five feet in diam., strengthened at its base by Projecting buttresses, and called Chorão and Choro by the natives, signifying magnificent : I have amended Spruce's specifie name to its more correct spelling. The axils of its branchlets are 1 in. apart; the leaves are 94-11 in. long, 32-5 in. broad, on a thick petiole 8-9 lines long; they have 22-27 pairs of nearly straight parallel nerves, archingly united close within the margin, with very close transverse parallel veins; the Panicle is 5-73 in. long, 3-6 in. broad ; the branches 3-4 in. long, the branchlets 1 in. long, 3 lines apart, with sessile flowers 1-1 line apart, 3 lines long, 2 lines in. diam. in the bud; the calyx expanded is 2 lines across; the petals are 3 lines long, 1 line broad; à androphorum 24 lines long. Besides the 10 external appendages, there are 20 others, say Short and in 2 series, inserted on the tube, one series basal, all staminiferous at the 2 Curved apex; the filament is very short and slender, bearing a small oval anther of 1 Parallel cells bursting longitudinally; the pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 9) is 31 d En the opereulum, and 13 in. in diam.; the calycary zone is 3 lines high, 2 in. m3 the upper zone 13 in. in diam. ; the pericarp is 3 lines in thickness. 6.0 : : ee Sorge EXIGUA, nob. : ramulis teretibus, substrictis, rufo-brunneis, pruinosis, ver- | odi; foliis lanceolatis vel elongato-oblongis, imo obtusis et subito versus pei um brevissime constrietis, a medio sursum gradatim attenuatis, acutiuscule 290 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. acuminatis, margine tenui pallido crenato-serrulatis, chartaceis, supra profunde viridibus, sublucentibus, sub lente minute granulatis, nervis plurimis tenuissimis patenti-divergentibus semiimmersis, venis transversis reticulatis, costa vix promi. nula, pruinosa, subtus pallide brunneis, opacis, costa striolata, prominula, sub- puberula, nervis prominulis, in axillis subbarbatis; petiolo tenui marginatim canali- culato, limbo 30plo breviore: paniculis 1 vel 2, axillaribus et terminalibus, vel in ramulis supremis e foliis delapsis in thyrsam latam expansis, axillaribus, folio paullo longioribus, rachi verruculosa; ramulis paucis, patentibus, tenuissimis, puberulis ; floribus minimis, subapproximatis, tenuiter pedicellatis; sepalis 6, imo in cupulam brevissimam connatis, oblongis, membranaceis, subviridulis, puberulis, ciliatis; petalis 3-4plo longioribus, lineari-oblongis, expansis; androphoro imo breviter cupuliformi, ligula late ovata, erectiuscula, intus undique et in marginibus appendiculis staminiferis crebre vestito, antheris didymo-globosis; ovario semi- infero, 3-loculari, vertice alte conico, leevi, ovulis paucis, e basi biserialiter erectis; stylo tenui, brevi; stigmate minimo, obtuso. In Antillis: v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., in insula Trinidad, in hort. bot. cult. (Prestoe). A tree 60 feet high, apparently first discovered by Purdie, and now cultivated in the Botanic Garden of Trinidad. The axils of its slender branchlets are i in. apart; the leaves are 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, on a petiole 13 line long, and they have about 20 pairs of parallel nerves, with very fine parallelly transverse reticulated veins, with the axils of the nerves barbated beneath: the branches of the compound panicle are 3 in. long, with branchlets very slender, $-1 in. long, bearing flowers on short pedicels, 2 lines apart; the flower expanded is 7 lines broad ; the sepals are 1 line long; the petals 3 lines long, 1 line broad; the ligula of the androphorum is 1 line long and broad; the semiinferior ovary is $ line in diam. 7. CARINIANA PYRIFORMIS, nob. : planta ignota: pyxidio pyriformi, urceolato-cylindrico, ab imo obtuso sursum sensim ampliore, longiuscule supra medium zona calycari lineata cincto; vitta interzonali acclivi, convexa, diametri 3tiam partem alta; zona superiore quam inferior fere dimidio minore; operculo omnino applanato, nullo modo exserto, imo cum columella exacte obconica solidissima infra apicem triquetra longe descendente continuo; pericarpio crassissimo, solidissimo, brunneo, opaco subruguloso, post columelle casum 1-loculari, intus exacte obconico, vestigiis sep- torum 3 sub apicem arcuatim nexis et impressionibus seminum signato; seminibus in quoque loculo 6-7, biseriatim imbricatis, erectis, imo affixis, structura generis. In Bolivia: v. fr. s. in Mus. Soc. Linn., Betania, Rio Sinu, Bolivia (Anthoine) ; in Mus. Kew., exempla 3 (sine loco). The label attached to the Linn. Soc. specimen, in Anthoine's handwriting, says " Betania rivière sinu Plato Bolivia, New Granada," which I interpret to mean some small river Betanie flowing into the Magdalena near Plato. The pyxidium (Plate LXIII. fig. 11) is 3} in. long, 24 in. in diam. on the calycary zone, which is 24 in. above the base; the interzonal band is 10 lines high; the upper zone and operculum are 12 in. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE £. 991 broad, the latter, descending to a length of 3 in., is plug-shaped, as in C. Brasiliensis, but larger and more obconical, it is triquetral, the angles archingly united 4 in. below the summit; the seeds are 17 lines long, 3 lines broad, membranaceously winged below, with an apical embryoniferous escutcheon, obliquely oblong, 5 lines long and 3 lines broad. x 10. ALLANTOMA (Plate XXXVI. A). The very peculiar structure of the androphrorum and of the seeds readily distinguish this genus from Couratari, its peculiarities having been already noted (ante, p. 170). ALLANTOMA, nob. Lecythis (in parte), Smith, Berg : Couratari (in parte), Berg. Calycis adnati sepala 6, parva, rotundata, subimbricata, rotata: petala 6, insequalia, quorum 2 exte- riora multo majora, altera in «estivatione omnino tegentia, oblonga, concava, unguiculata, 4 interiora minora, lineari-oblonga. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. Androphorum petaloideum, succoso- camosum, imo in poculo parvo disco adnato centro exciso signatum, intus appendiculis nume- rosissimis brevibus subclavatis staminigeris creberrime iustructum, hinc uno latere, in ligulam longam zquilatam crassam canaliculatam nudam sensim incurvatam expansum, extremitate re- duplicatim in nodum crassum contorto ; galea convexa, hemispherica, reversa, et subito sursum retroflexa, margine fimbriata, intus appendicibus sterilibus in massam carnosulam arcte agglutinatis. Stamina in appendicibus basalibus solummodo insita, iis Couratari similia. Ovarium omnino inferum, turbinatum, 4—5- rarius 3-loculare, vertice intra discum subconcavo ; ovula in quoque loculo 4—6, col- lateraliter 2-3-serialia, imo affixa, erecta. Stylus brevis, crasse teres. Stigma parvum, fungiforme. Pyzidium cylindricum, ei Couratari simile, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cinctum ; vitta interzonali angusta, erecta, plana vel convexa; zona superiore circulari: operculum conforme, breve, depresso-pulvinatum centro breviter umbonatum, subtus ad columellam longe descendentem agglutinatum : columella solida, crassissima, 3-5-gona, angulis parieti adnatis, quare loculi 3-5 inter- manent, angulis demum a pariete solutis, hec cum seminibus decidit: pericarpium exinde viduum Lloculare apparet, crassiuscule sublignosum, intus nitidum, cicatricibus signatum, extus cortice hen rimoso vestitum, vel ecorticatum. Semina in quoque loculo 4-6, lineari-oblonga, plano-con- vextuscula, ad faciem exteriorem ginesq gulata, imo 2-auriculata, erecta, imbricata, hilo parvo dorsum auricule alterius ad columellam affixa : testa subcoriacea, vasis spiralibus innumerabilibus repleta: integumentum internum tenuissimum : embryo exalbuminosus, lineari-cylindricus, fusiformis, Subcompressus, albido-opacus, maceratione mollissimus, homogeneus, neorhiza‘ centrali, elongata, tereti, in erorhiza carnos ۱ a externa sepulta. Germinatio ignota. pas Plerumque vaste, Americe intertropice, ramosissime : folia petiolata, in summo ramulorum sub- we ovata, vel oblonga. Flores in paniculis terminalibus subparvi, succo purpureo sepius i. l AtLANtoma MULTIFLORA, nob.: Lecythis multiflora, Smith in Rees's Cycl. xx. n. 8; > Prodr, iii. 293; Berg in Linn. xxvii. 460: ramulis valde rugosis, angulato- DR lenticellis pallidis crebre verruculosis, junioribus tenuioribus, brunneis, ea rer Vel pulverulentis, lenticellatis; foliis ovatis, imo rotundato-ob- | >. m petiolum breviter acutatis, apice in acumen obtusulum attenuatıs, mar- EN Subrevolutis obsolete crenato-serratis, rigide chartaceis, supra kuride viridibus, Paull F m curvatim divergentibus, subprominulis, venis reticulatis, subtus 9 pallidioribus, Opacis, nervis venis costaque striolata prominentibus ; petiolo 292 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. subtenui, marginatim canaliculato, limbo 12plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio brevioribus; rachi rugosa, compresse striata, ferrugineo-opaca, subpuberula, lenticellata, spicatim multiflora; pedicellis longissimis tenuibus, re- curvatis, striolatis, imo articulatis; sepalis parvis, ovatis, subacutis, patulis, margine membranaceo-ciliatis; petalis rotundatis, subinzequalibus; androphoro carnoso, gra- nulatim ruguloso, structura generis; ovario infero, semiovali, subgranulato, pube- rulo, 3-loculari, ovulis plurimis basi affixis, erectis, vertice plano, radiatim granulato; stylo brevi conico. In Guiana: v. s. in hb. Hook. (Parker, cum foliis et floribus); - in hb. Mus. Brit. et Soc. Linn., Cayenne (Martin, foliis diremptis). : Parker's specimen enables us to recognize those of Martin, where all the leaves are wanting, and upon which Sir James Smith first established the species, which has since been doubtfully acknowledged. The axils of its slender branchlets are 3-1 in. apart ; the leaves, generally caducous, are 33-4 in. long, 13-14 in. broad, on a petiole 3-4 lines long, and with about 12 pairs of parallelly divergent arching nerves, with others shorter and intermediate, all anastomosed; the panicle is 5 in. long, has several: slender branches, with approximated prominent nodes 2-3 lines apart, each bearing a very slender pedicel 1-1 in. long; the flower, before expansion, is 3 in. in diam. ; the sepals are 14 line long; the development of the androphorum closely resembles that figured in Plate XXXVI. 4; its semioval head is 2 lines long and broad. 2. ALLANTOMA SUBRAMOSA, nob.: ramulis subcinereo-opacis, rugoso-striatis, subver- ruculosis, junioribus lzvibus et striatis; foliis ovatis, vel ovali-oblongis, imo rotun- datis aut rotundo-obtusis, szepe circa petiolum breviter acutatis, marginibus undu- latis fere integris, obsoletissime serrulatis, subcoriaceis, supra pallidis, opacis, nervis plurimis semiimmersis, crebre parallelim divergentibus, rectiusculis, cirea marginem nexis, venis transversim reticulatis immersis, costa sulcata, subtus ochraceo-opacis et granulato-pruinosis, aut fuscioribus, nervis venisque transversis prominentibus ; petiolo profunde canaliculato, marginibus submembranaceis introflexis, limbo 5-8plo breviore: panicula terminali, valde ramosa ; rachi cinerea, rugulosa ; ramis fuscis, approximatis, tenuioribus, valde nodosis, plurifloris ; pedicellis teretibus, gracilibus ; floribus subparvis, roseo-purpureis ; sepalis parvis, rotundatis, subimbricatis, fuscis, extus pruinosis; petalis 6, quorum 4 interioribus, lineari-oblongis, subinzqualibus, membranaceis, 2 exterioribus majoribus suborbiculatis, valde membranaceis, extus farinoso-pruinosis ; ovario infero, hemisphserico, 3-loculari, ovulis plurimis basi aflixis, erectis, vertice ,concavo, radiatim striolato; stylo pulvinato; stigmate rotundato: fructu ignoto. In Guiana Batava: v. s. in hb. Mus. Brit. et Hook., ad Karavoury (Sagot, 271, sub Couratari Guianensis). | | This plant is very different from Aublet's Couratari Guianensis in the shape, texture, and venation of its leaves. Notwithstanding its 3-celled ovary, I have placed it in the genus Allantoma, on account of its ramosely paniculate inflorescence, its long slender pedicels, and more especially because of the peculiar development of its androphorum. From its smallish flowers, upon the long slender pedicels of a very branching panicle MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 293 from its hemispherical 3-celled ovary, and the peculiar structure of the androphorum, it is unquestionably congenerie with the other species here enumerated. | The axils of its rugose branchlets are about 3 lines apart; the leaves are 41-01 in. long, 23-22 in. broad, on a petiole 8-10 lines long; and they have about 24 pairs of straight parallel nerves, united near the margin by an arching line; the terminal panicle is 21-31 in. long, with many irregular branches, each 1-3 inches long, all rough and with articulated prominent nodes 1 line apart; the pedicels are 7-9 lines long; the sepals 1 line long and broad; inner pair of petals 7 lines long, 21 lin. broad, 2 interme- diate 9 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, 2 exterior 12 lines long, 10 lin. broad, tapering towards the hase, all membranaceous and of a roseate pinkish colour ; the androphorum, of a deep red or purple colour, consists of a shallow cup-shaped ring, attached to the disk and charged with very numerous short staminiferous appendages; and this is expanded on one side into along fleshy canaliculated ligula, coiling round inwards, and terminating suddenly in a fleshy knob, where it is as suddenly recurved in the same direction, finally expanding into a galeated hood, convex outside, concave within, and simply fimbriated or toothed on its margin, all coiled into a globular head, 3 lines in diameter. This structure agrees vith that of the preceding species. 9. ALLANTOMA TORULOSA, nob.: arbor alta; ramulis crassis, angulosis, in axillis crebris transversim annulatis ; foliis oblongis, imo acutis, apicem versus breviter et obtuse acuminatis, marginibus leviter serrato-crenatis, tenuiter chartaceis, supra brunneo- viridibus, Opacis, costa planata, nervis plurimis crebriter parallelis, erecto-patulis, subimmersis, subtus vix pallidioribus, costa fusca convexa, nervis pallide brunneis prominentibus, venis creberrime et transversim parallelis: pyxidio in ramis sessili, eylindrieo, imo rotundato, zona calycari paullo sub apicem vix manifesto; vitta interzonali convexe erecta, diametri 4tam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, fauce erecta aeuta ; operculo conformi, vittee altitudine, pulvinatim convexo, medio obtuse umbonato, subtus columella crassissima ad basin descendente aucto; columella solida, acute 5-gona, angulis ad parietem adnatis; pericarpio primum 5-loculari, casu eolumelle deinde 1-loculari, intus nitido, lineis 5 longitudinalibus eicatricatis notata, extus toroso-tuberculato, ochraceo-brunneo, opaco et minute granulato; seminibus 20, ut in char. gener. In prov. Pará: v. s. folium et fructus in Mus. Brit., in sylvis ad Culantigo, Rio Maranhäo (Farries, 69) ; in Mus. Kew., sine oper- culo (Farries). Accompanying the specimen in the British Museum there is only a single leaf, much Ru that of the preceding species : it is 7 in. long, 21 in. broad, with about 20 pairs Pa 2 ang nerves running up close to the margin ; the petiole is wanting à the apart; the e Span. an annulated branchlet 3-1 in. thick, m transverse axils 3 lines is 6 in, longa (Plate LXIV. fig. 1) is 71 in. long, 23 in. broad; the calycary vá acute edge a e base E the interzonal band is 7 lines high; the upper zone wit m high; { ig d the fitting of the operculum, are 24 in. in diam., the latter being 3 m long 4 Pu 18 coriaceous, 3 lines thick; the hard dark-coloured seeds are 2 in. cm road, and 2 lines thick. Mr. Farries states, in à pus va that the 294 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. fruit is called “ Honkey-pot,” that when ripe it discharges the lid and seeds, the vacant shell hanging upon the branches. He found it “ in woods in Culantingo, Maranhão river" (is not this Curuatingo, a river flowing from the south side into the Amazonas 9 leagues to the east of Santarem ?): this pronounced by blacks (who always transmute r into J, shortening the syllable) would be Culantingo. 4. ALLANTOMA CYLINDRICA, nob.: planta ignota: racemi fructiferi rachi subtenui, an- gulato-striata, subtereti, ochraceo-opaca, crebre nodulosa: pyxidio eylindrico, imo rotundato, longe supra medium zona calycari e sepalorum vestigiis linea nexis sub- prominente cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, margine tenui, subreflexo, eujus dia- metri 7mam partem alta; operculo orbiculari, pulvinato, radiatim striato, vertice con- cavato, cum umbone brevi obtusulo in cavitate, subtus columella crassa 4-angulata longe descendente aucto; pericarpio brunneo-opaco, lenticellis flavidis crebre punc- tato, crassiuscule coriaceo, intus leviter cylindraceo, vestigiis septorum 4 arcuatim nexorum signato; seminibus grate edulibus, in quoque loculo 4, lineari-elongatis, compressis, valde corrugulatis, apice truncatis, imo breviter 2-auriculatis, 2-seria- liter ad columellam hilo fere basali erectim affixis. In Amazonas: v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew., in insula prope Cametá, prov, Pará (Farries). The pyxidium (Plate LXIV. fig. 4) is 5 in. long, regularly cylindrical, and 12 in. in diam.; the calycary zone, of the same diameter, is 41 in. above the base; the interzonal band is 4 in. high; the operculum is 12 in. in diam., 3 lines thick, the columella shrink- ing much in drying; the pericarp is nearly 3 lines in thickness, is quite smooth, and eylindrical inside, marked by 4 longitudinal lines, where the angles of the columella have become detached, and which are arcuately conjoined near the summit, 6 lines below the mouth; the seeds are lj in. long, 3 lines broad, lline thick, with a structure ex- plained in the generic character (p. 291). The fruit only of this species was found by Mr. Farries, on one of the islands near the town of Cametá, which is situated on the south bank of the Amazonas, near its confluence with the river Tocantins, about 45 miles south of the City of Pará. It differs from that of the preceding species in its smaller size, in being regularly cylindrical in form, with a smoother surface, a thinner pericarp, which is 4- (not 5-)celled. It differs from A. Burchelliana in its more cylindrical shape, a much thinner and ecorticated pericarp, a vertical smooth interzonal band. Mr. Farries states, on the ticket attached to it, “that its flat seeds are good eating, yielding a crop once a year; the fruit is called by the natives Castanheira da serra, and by the English skittle- nut, because it is like a skittle.” 9. ALLANTOMA BURCHELLIANA, nob. : ramulis teretibus ; foliis oblongis, imo rotundatis, sursum gradatim angustioribus, apice in acumen longiusculum acutum attenuatis, subintegris, vel in margine cartilagineo subrevoluto obsolete crenulatis, firme chartaceis, supra subnitidulis, vel sub lente granulato-opacis, apud nervos tenues paullo prominulos sulcatis, nervis plurimis crebriter parallelis, patentim divaricatis, fere rectis, eveniis, costa tenui, plana, subimmersa, subtus subnitentibus, badiis, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE X. 295 costa striolata nervisque prominentibus et rubescentibus, venis tenuissimis paullo prominulis crebre transversim reticulatis, petiolo latiusculo, supra plano, limbo 40plo breviore: racemo terminali, folio fere equilongo; rachi subflexuosa, nodosa; floribus sessilibus; ovario infero, subgloboso, granulose rugoso, opaco, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis, e placentis basalibus erectis, vertice plano, pruinoso, stylo brevis- simo umbonato : pyxidio cylindrico, imo rotundato paullo ampliore, sub apicem zona calycari irregulariter lineari cincto ; vitta interzonali annulatim prominente, convexa, quam diametri quartam partem alta; zona superiore integra, orbiculari, inferiorem sequante; periearpio crasso, coriaceo-lignoso, cortice crasse suberoso, rimoso, sub- levi, opace einnamomeo, glandulis flavidis maculato, intus septorum 4 vestigiis signato; seminibus lineari-oblongis, compressis, apice truncatis, imo 2-auriculatis, toruloso-rugulosis, rufescenti-opacis, erectis, cum embryone generis. In Brasilia, - regione Amazonica: v. pl. s. in hb. Hook., et fruct. in Mus. Kew. (Burchell, 9314). - In habit this plant greatly resembles the three first-mentioned species, agreeing in the peculiar vernation of the leaves; these are 6-7 in. long, 2-24 in. broad, on a petiole 3 lines long, and have a semimetallie bronzy hue, with about 24 pairs of approximate nerves, running straight towards the margin, close within which they are simply con- joined. The rachis of the raceme is about 5 in. long, with prominent nodes, about 3 lines apart. The pyxidium (Plate LXV. fig. 6) is 53 in. long without the operculum, 2-27 in. in diam. above the base, narrowing gradually to the calycary zone, where it is 2 in. in diam.; the interzonal band is 24 in. in diam. in its middle, is 4 in. high, and 13 m, in diam. at the upper zone; the pericarp is 24 lines in thickness, showing inside the ون‎ of 4 dissepiments. It resembles that of 4. torulosa in shape, especially in its prominent tumid interzonary band, but it is broader towards the base, and more trun- cated, and is covered with a much thicker, more widely cracking, yellowish red bark, Pony raised yellow granules. The seeds, like those of the preceding species, but er and of a dark-red colour, are 13 lines long, 4 lines broad, and 3 lines thick. 6. ALLANTOMA MACROCARPA, nOb.: Couratari macrocarpa, Mart.; Berg in Mart. Fl. ae d o, p. 509. tab. 79. fig. 1.: planta ignota: pyxidio cylindrico, imo rotundato peullo ampliore, sursum gradatim angustiore, paullo sub apicem zona calycari neart cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, diametri 5tam partem alta, apice breviter extrorsum inflexa; zona superiore integra, circulari; operculo »quilato, depresse pulvinato, vertice convexo et obtuse umbonato, vel concavato et radiatim striato, cum umbone brevi in centro; columella adnata, longe descendente, solida, 4-5-gona, e parieti adnatis ; pericarpio hinc 4—5-loculari, denique 1-loculari, crassiusculo, ipe fusco-brunneo, extus cortice suberoso, valde rimoso, intus cylindraceo hie: Eis 4-5 cum impressionibus seminum 4 in quoque loculo signato. nid ema, In prov. Pará, legit Mart: v. fr. s. in Mus. Kew. (sine indicat.). ate IXIY pe too ee to obtain specimens of its leaves or flowers. The pyxidium Wards to a N ) is c in. long, 21 in. in diameter near the base, diminishing up- ۱ of 1 in. at the calycary zone, which is 4$ in. above the base; the | 0 ۱ 902 296 MR. J. MIERS ON THE ۰ interzonary band is 4 lines high ; the upper zone is 2 in. in diam., has a sharp lip turn- - ing outwards ; the operculum, a trifle wider, is 24 in. in diam., and 3 lines high. Martius, as well as Burchell, collected the fruits lying on the ground, but did not find the seeds. 7. ALLANTOMA SCUTELLATA, nob.: planta ignota: racemis fructiferis axillaribus, longi- usculis, angulatis; rachi crebre nodosa, multiflora; floribus sessilibus: pyxidio obconice cylindrico, ochraceo-brunneo, valde opaco, imo sensim obtuso, paullo sub apicem zona calycari subacute lineari prominula cincto; vitta interzonali acclive convexa, diametri 7tam partem alta; zona superiore circulari, calycari angustiore; operculo tenuiuscule scutelliformi, depressissime pulvinato, vertice concavo, medio breviter umbonato; columella ei infra adnata, fere ad basin descendente, solide crassa, faucem implente, subtus 4-angulata, 4-sulcata, angulis ad parietem agglu- tinatis et hoc modo loculos 4 efficientibus; angulis demum solutis hece cum semi- nibus decidit; pericarpio subtenuiter coriaceo; seminibus paucis, lineari-oblongis, compressis, imo 2-auriculatis, undique grossule rugosis, fuscis, erectis, cum hilo subventrali et basalari. In Brasilia: v. s. fruct. in Mus. Soc. Linn. (sine loco), Capt. Sir E. Home; in collect. Mus. Brit. (sine indicat.). | There ean be no doubt that this fruit belongs to Allantoma, The rachis of its many- flowering raceme is about 6 in. long, with alternate prominent cicatrices 1-2 lines apart ; the pyxidium (Plate LXV. fig. 1) is 33-32 in. long, 13-2 in. in diam. below the calycary zone, and tapering downwards; the calycary zone, 3 in. above the base, is 12-23 in. in diam. ; the interzonal band is 3—4 lines high, very convex, narrowing above; the upper zone is 12-18 in. in diam.; the operculum is orbicular, of the same diameter, is 13 line high, with a rounded edge, umbonate in its concave vertex, is attached to a central columella 2 in. long, filling the mouth of the pericarp, descending to the base, sharply 4-angled, with 4 broad hollowish intervals, which form the: cells; pericarp 13 line thick, cylindrical within; seeds, by abortion, only 4 in the specimen examined, 19 lines long, 4 lines broad, 1 line thick, fuscous, attached to the base of the columella at the inner face, by a small hilum upon one of its basal auricles. There is a little differ- ence in the somewhat broader shape and narrower interzonal band in the British- Museum specimen, which wants the operculum and seeds. —— 8. ALLANTOMA AULACOCARPA, nob.: Couratari aulacocarpa, Mart., Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l. c. p. 509, tab. 79. fig. 2: planta incognita : pyxidio late cylindrico, imo rotundato, longe supra medium zona calycari lineatim prominula cincto; vitta interzonali erecta, apice paullulo convexa, diametri 6tam partem alta; zona superiore integra cir- culari; operculo ignoto; pericarpio coriaceo-lignoso, crasso, cortices pisso-suberoso valde rimoso et secedente tecto, intus demum 1-loculari, cylindrico, vestigiis sep- torum 4, et impressionibus plurimis seminum signato. In Brasilia, prov. Parás legit Martius (non vidi). This fruit (Plate LXV. fi g. 9) differs from that of 4. maer in its erect inter- zonal band, turned inwards ocarpa in its at the summit (not outwardly), and in its thicker bark; it is MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. 297 44 in. long, 24 in. in diam.; the calycary zone, of similar diameter, is 33 in. above the base; the interzonal band is 4 lines high; the pericarp is 3 lines thick. 9, ALLANTOMA DICTYOCARPA, nob.: Couratari dictyocarpa, Mart., Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. l.c. p. 010, tab. 79. fig. 3: planta ignota: pyxidio subovali, subeylindrico, imo rotundato-obtuso, medio subventricoso, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari cincto; vitta interzonali diametri 8vam partem alta, erecta ; zona superiore inferiori equilata, integra; operculo orbiculari, pulvinatim paullo latiore, depresso, supra plano, medio obtuse umbonato; pericarpio crassiusculo, extus leevigato, cortice resiliente, mesocarpio fibris lignosis reticulatis signato, primum 4-loculari. In Brasilia, prov. Pará (non vidi). This species is placed in Allantoma on account of 4-celled fruit; the pyxidium (Plate LXIV. fig. 10) is 2% in. long, 14 in. in diam. in the middle, contracted to 12 in. at the calycary zone, which is 2} in. above the base; interzonary band 3 lines high; upper zone Min in diam.; operculum somewhat overhanging, 13 in. in diam., 3 lines thick, with an umbonate point of equal height. 10. ALLANTOMA LINEATA, nob.: Couratari lineata, Berg in Mart. Fl. Br. /. c. p. 508, tab. 7 et 77: arbor, ramulis teretibus, sulcatis, lenticellatis; foliis ovatis, vel ob- longo-lanceolatis, imo obtusis, apice longissime et acutissime acuminatis, vix serru- latis, nervis plurimis, recte parallelis, suberecto-patulis, adscendentibus, impresso- immersis, costa parum prominente, utraque facie badiis concoloribus, costa nervis costatis venisque transversim reticulatis prominentibus ; petiolo valido, canaliculato, limbo 8-12plo breviore: racemo fructifero e cicatricibus 19-80۳0 : pyxidio sessili, eylindrico, basi rotundato, obsolete 5-sulcato, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari haud manifesta cincto; vitta interzonali brevissima, erecta, diametri 20mam partem alta; opereulo ignoto; pericarpio ochraceo-opaco, intus cylindraceo, septorum ves- tigiis 5, et impressionibus seminum 4 in quoque loculo signato. In Brasilia, ad insulam Collares in delta Amazonica juxta Pará (Pöppig, 3636) : non vidi. The axils of its branches are 3-2 in. apart; the leaves are 4-83 in. long, 2-22 in. broad, on a petiole 6-8 lines long, with about 14 pairs of nerves, arcuately conjoined near the SA; the pyxidium (Plate LXV. fig. 4) in its full size, without the operculum, is m in 1$ in. in diam. above, a trifle narrower at the base; these are the dimensions y Berg in the text, with which his figure does not quite agree. ALLANTOMA CORBULA, nob.: planta ignota: pyxidio oblongo, convexe ventricoso, E tan, sursum gradatim angustiore, paullo sub apicem zona calycari lineari ce um cincto ; vitta interzonali erecto-conica, diametri 5-6tam partem alta; = Eare circulari, integra, inferiore paullo minore; opereulo ignoto; peri- tui eeinsoulo, coriaceo-lignoso, cortice fusco-brunneo spisse suberoso longi- | tar = transversim in frusta quadrantia rimoso tecto, intus demum cylin- 0.8 “o vestigiis septorum 5 intra faucem conjunctim arcuatis signato. In Brasilia : . ® collect, Mus. Brit. (sine indicat.). 298 : MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE E. The fruit (Plate LXV. fig. 10) is very distinct from all others of the genus in its very ventrieose or lagenoid shape, with a very short interzonal band, and a thick cracking bark. It is 3$ in. long, 2 in. in diam. above the base, narrowing to a breadth of 14 in. at the calycary zone, the interzonal band being 24 lines high; the upper zone is 14 in. in diam.; the pericarp is nearly 3 lines thick, and is borne upon a short thickish pedicel. | : 12. ALLANTOMA ? FAGIFOLIA, nob.: Lecythis fagifolia, Berg, Linn. xxvii. 451: ramulis gracilibus, striatis, fuscis, junioribus badiis, subpuberulis; foliis ovali-oblongis, imo sensim acutis, apice obtusule acuminatis, obsolete serrulatis, submembranaceis, glabris, supra nervis patule divergentibus et adscendentibus parum prominulis, reticulatis, costa plana, subtus pallidioribus, nervis costaque prominentibus ; petiolo canaliculato, limbo 5-6plo breviore: racemis axillaribus et terminalibus, folio multo brevioribus; rachi subpuberula, multiflora; pedicellis longiusculis, gracilibus, puberulis; sepalis rotundatis, ciliatis; petalis ovalibus, tenuibus; ovario infero, . turbinato, puberulo, 3-loculari, vertice plano, stigmate fere sessili. In Guiana Batava, ad ripas fluv. Marowyna (non vidi). ۱ | This plant cannot belong to Lecythis, owing to the absence of a style. I have referred it here because of its habit, its inflorescence with long slender pedicels, and the near obliteration of its style; it approaches A. Burchelliana, differing in the thinner texture of its smaller leaves, which are somewhat cuneate at base, its longer petiole, and shorter racemes. It is a tree with slender branchlets; leaves 24-4 in. long, 12-13 in. broad, on a petiole 6-8 lin. long; racemes 3-2 in. long; pedicels 9-11 lines long; sepals 1 line long; petals 8 lin. long; androphorum 5 lines in diam., with a ligula 1 in. long. 11. Grias. (Plate XXXVI. c). The history of this genus and the account of its general structure has been given in a preceding page (p. 171); we have therefore only to delineate its generic character, and describe its species, noticing the similarity in the structure of its calyx to that of Bertholletia. . Grias, Linn. Calophyllum (in parte), P. Brown; Pirigara (in parte), Aubl. Calyx in alabastro globosus et indivisus, demum in sepala fissus : sepala 2 vel 4, subzequalia, oblonga, concava, rigida aut submembranacea, persistentia. Petala 4, alterna, oblonga, obtusa, marginib subparallelis, estivatione imbricata, unguibus inter discum et androphorum iis agglutinatis. Discus epigynus, annularis, planus. Androphorum depresse urceolatum, petalis dimidio brevius, centro excisum, margine subexpanso in appendiculas lineares breviusculis apice staminiferis fimbriato- incisum, intus appendiculis similibus incurvis pluriserialibus gradatim brevioribus crebris undique munitum : filamenta brevissima, tenuiter teretia : anthere parvulz, ovate, 2-lobze, lobis didymis sub- globosis, medio ad filamentum affixis, rima laterali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus, demum m cymbali adpresse expansis. Ovarium inferum, hemisphzricum, subquadratum, 4-loculare, ovulis x quoque loculo plurimis, axi suspensis, vertice intra discum concavo, extus crenatim elevato, radiatim striato : stylus brevissimus, crassiusculus; stigma illo latius, sessile, depressum, ad medium 4-par- titum, lobis cruciformibus, obtusis, rotatis, recurvatis. Pyzidium globosum, 4-sulcatum, aut ob- MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE A. 299 longum, pyri mole, subrufum, et 8-sulcatum, paullo sub apicem zona calycari e sepalis persistentibus linea nexis coronatum; vitta interzonalis brevis; zona superior orbicularis; operculum conforme, . depressum; pericarpium 4-loculare cum loculis 6-7-spermis, vel abortu 1-loculare et monospermum. Semina oblonga, funiculo magno carnoso suspensa; embryo amygdaloideus, edulis, textura homo- genea, macropodus, in germinatione modo Bertholletie e duabus extremitatibus propullans. Arbores procere in America tropica et in Antillis vigentes, trunco sursum gradatim graciliore pro majore parte nudo, apice brevissime ramifero ; folia magna, in apice ramorum creberrime approximata, cuneato- oblonga, subsessilia vel breviter petiolata, glaberrima : flores simpliciter pedicellati, plurimi, congesti, vel in pedunculo brevissimo subpaniculati, terminales, aut e trunco enati. 1, GRIAS CAULIFLORA, Linn. Sp. Pl. 732; Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1159; Swartz, Obs. p. 215; "d DC. Prodr. iii. 296; Lunan, Jam. i. 19; Smith in Rees's Cycl. vol. xvii. : Anchovy- pear, Sloane, Jam. ii. 122, tab. 216-217: Calophyllum, sp., P. Brown, Jam. p. 245 : procera, trunco erecto, sursum gradatim graciliore, subnudo, apice breviter ramifero et foliifero; foliis in apice ramorum creberrime approximatis, cernuis, oblongo- vel lanceolato-oblongis, imo sensim anguste cuneatis, apice obtuse attenuatis, et in acumen breve subacutum subito constrictis, integerrimis, vel in margine revoluto siepe erenato-undulatis, rigidule chartaceis, supra viridibus, nervis plurimis, parallele divergentibus, juxta marginem nexis, venisque omnino immersis, subtus pallidi- E oribus, valde opacis, ochraceo-brunneis, costa carinata nervisque prominentibus, | venis nullis visibilibus ; petiolo brevissimo, late marginato : floribus 5-6, odoratis, in gemma pedunculiformi trunco enata crebre congestis; pedicellis in alabastris subzequilongis, imo bracteola parva munitis; calycis laciniis oblongo-ovatis, obtusis, subcoriaceis ; petalis 3plo longioribus, obtuse oblongis, concavis, crassiusculis, albis ; androphoro petalis 3plo breviore, appendiculis 5-serialibus, sensim brevioribus, cunctis staminiferis: csetera ut in diagnosi generica. In Antillis: v. s. in hb. Mus. Brit., J amaiea (Swartz). The trunk, about 5 in. in diam., rises to heights of from 20 to 50 feet, tapering upwards - almost to a point, bare nearly for its whole length, marked with the cicatrices of the ! x and clothed near its summit with several very short branches, closely | 3 A short a ue aggregated leaves are pendent, from 8 to 36 in. long, 23-6 in. broad, on tered f S un along which the limb is decurrent to the base; the pedicels of the clus- ER wi about 6 lines long, the flower expanded is about 13 in. in diam. Purdie crowded ms BEINE near Port Antonio in 1843 (Hook. Lond. Jo. Bot. iii. 533), with سا‎ " sessile on the trunk of ‚the tree. The fruit (which I have not seen) is Pad 4 RAD, as of the size and shape of an alligator's egg, a little more attenuated pO ere 16 is crowned by the persistent sepals, and of a brown russet colour; wild, y di © or 8 lines thick, soft-fleshy, and edible, enclosing a single oblong nut, Sulcated ; but of its internal structure nothing is known. 2.0 | | Oat nob, : Gustavia tetrapetala, Reusch, DC. Prodr. iii. 290 : Pirigara di eng ubl. Fl. Gu. i. 487, tab. 192 (synon. exc.): ramosa, ramulis Ermas; ob igi, eet Subverticillatim confertis, superioribus alternis, amplis, sessilibus, » Imo sensim spathulatis, apice gradatim acuminatis, serratis, supra viridibus, 300 | MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. levibus, nervis plurimis divergentibus cirea marginem adscendentibus, subtus cos- taque preesertim prominentibus, valde reticulatis : racemis axillaribus, rachi brevis- sima ad nodum pluribracteolatum reducta, szepe 1-flora ; peduneulo quam flos bre- viore, supra medium bracteolis 2 parvis munito ; calycis limbo in lobos 4 fisso, lobis sequalibus, rotundatis, subconcavis, marginibus inflexis et undulatim crenatis, crassis, coriaceis, viridibus, intus albescentibus; petalis 4, dimidio majoribus, sequalibus, crasse carnosulis, rotundato-ovatis, concavis, margine undulatis, expansis, candidis, ad unguem rubro-striatis ; androphoro brevi, imo cupulari, ad marginem et intus appendicibus numerosissimis breviuseulis clavatis staminigeris munito; antheris oblongis, 2-locellatis, rimis lateraliter dehiscentibus; ovario infero, turbinato, ecos- tato, 4-loeulari, ovulis in quoque loculo pluribus, funieulo supensis, vertiee intra diseum plano, stigmate sessili 4-lobo umbonato: pyxidio globoso, 4-sulcato, zona calycari e vestigiis loborum coronato; vitta interzonali angustissima ; zona supe- riore integra; operculo conformi, plano, stigmate umbonato; pericarpio coriaceo, rufescente, sicco, 4-loculari; seminibus in quoque loculo 6-7, oblongis, pressione subangulatis, funiculo majusculo carnoso contortuplicato suspensis; embryone dicotyledoneo. In Guiana (Cayenne, Aublet); non vidi. A species hitherto universally referred to Gustavia, but unquestionably belonging to Grias, there being scarcely any difference in the size, number, and disposition of the parts from the flower of Grias Peruviana and others. It is a small tree, about 20 feet high, having a trunk 3-4 inches in diam., with a softish white flexible wood, having a fetid odour. The larger leaves are more than a foot long, 4 in. broad, quite sessile, the upper ones alternate, about 1 in. apart, 7 in. long and 2 in. broad; the pedicels are 9 lines long, surmounted by an ovary 4 lines long; the sepals are 43 lines long and broad; the petals 6 lines long and broad; the androphorum 7 lines in diam., and 2-3 lines high; the globular pyxidium, shown in Plate XXXVI., is nearly 3 inches in diam. (depieted half this size in Aublet's drawing); the seeds 16 lines long, each sus- pended by a funicle of nearly its size: the embryo is said to be amygdaloid. 3. GRIAS FENDLERI, Seem. Bot. Her. p. 126 : glabra, foliis sessilibus, spathulato-oblongis, imo sensim cuneatis et in petiolo brevi seu costa decurrentibus, apice acu- minatis, integerrimis, costa nervisque utrinque prominulis : racemis e trunco nas- centibus; rachi brevi; floribus subsessilibus aut breviter pedicellatis; calyce in alabastro globoso, demum in sepala 2 sequalia rotundata concava irregulariter fisso, his opacis, pallide flavidis, granulatis; petalis 4 vel 5, obovato-oblongis, crassis, margine undulatis, utrinque granulatis; androphoro cupulato, appendiculis numerosissimis, crebre pluriseriatis, in serie exteriore longioribus circa 24 æquali- bus, subcontortim introflexis et conniventibus; ovario infero, oblongo-turbinato, 4-gono, 4-loculari, ovulis plurimis axi centrali affixis, vertice intra discum subconico, radiatim striato; stigmate umboniformi, cruciatim 4-lobo. In Panamá: v. v. in M. Hook., Chagres ( Fendler, 185). This species is found in the forests of Panama, where it is a tree with sessile leaves 18-24 in.long, 6-8 in. broad, having about 38 pairs of nerves, and much resem i . MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 301 those of Cespidesia macrophylla, Seem. The pedicels are 9 lines long, angulately striated, with a basal bract 1 line long; the flowers are 1-13 in. broad ; petals coriaceous, with imbricate zestivation ; the androphorum bears about 100 staminiferous appendages ; the ovary is 7 lines long, 4 lines broad. 4. Grias PERUVIANA, nob.: foliis majusculis, spathulato-oblongis, longe supra medium amplioribus, imo sensim angustissimis, in petiolo decurrentibus, apice in acumen an- gustum acutum abrupte constrictis, marginibus subrevolutis sinuato-serratis, char- taceis, supra pallidis, opacis, nervis plurimis rectis, parallele divergentibus, et in £- nervum marginalem terminantibus, nervis costaque paullo prominentibus, venis transversis tenuiter reticulatis, subtus fuscioribus, pallide brunnescentibus, sub- opacis, nervis subtenuibus costaque brunnea prominentibus, venis immersis ; petiolo subtenui, tereti, marginibus late foliosis reflexis, ochraceo-granulato, limbo 20plo breviore: racemis plurimis fascieulatis, brevibus, e trunco enatis; pedunculo brevi, vel in nodum imbrieatim bracteolatum reducto, 3-floro; pedicellis tenuibus, calyce 3plo longioribus, imo 2-bracteolatis ; calyce primum subgloboso, demum in sepala 4 wqualia ovata submembranacea fisso; petalis 4, sequalibus, sepalis 5plo lon- -gioribus, oblongis, obtusis, imo latioribus, crassis, marginibus undulatis; andro- phoro brevi, cupulari, appendieulis numerosis, pluriserialibus, in serie exteriore longioribus, petalis 4plo brevioribus ; ovario infero, sepalis 3plo breviore, granu- latim maculato, semigloboso, 4-costato, scabridulo, 4-loculari, ovulis in quoque loculo pluribus, apice suspensis, vertice intra discum latum subconcavum; stylo brevi, late conico, stigmatis lobis 4, horizontaliter radiantibus. In alta Peruvia: v. 8. in hb. Hook., Tarapota (Spruce, 4541); Rio de la Ventana (Spruce). A tree 20-40 feet high, with few elongated branches, terminated by several approxi- E large leaves ; the leaves are 18-27 in. long, 31-6 in. broad, on a petiole with may decurrent reflexed margins li in. long; the peduncle is about 3 lines long; 4 nr Hu in. long; the sepals 1$ line long, 2 lines broad ; petals 7 lines long, 5 lines E S d androphorum 5 lines in diam.; fruit large, with an edible pulp. 12. CERCOPHORA (Plate XXXVI. B). The outlines of this remarkable an have been previously given (page 172), d abnormal genus p y gi | CERCOPHORA, nob. Sepala 6, subequalia, ovata . 2 B * ‘ uli te » Margine denticulata. Petala 6, sepalis 6plo longiora, subinsequlia, su En Ln. oblonga, patentia, unguibus inter discum et androphorum insinuatis et cum iis agglu- rinm, in EM Heg planus, annularis, Androphorum petalis vix majus, imo qupulatam, centro in Zigulam vi ia Icibus staminiferis brevibus numerosissimis 5-serialibus munitum, latere antico tectam, Cir nk en carnosulam incurvatam pro majore parte appendicibus similibus erebre culis marginibne € I^ singularem latam expansum : galea ligula latior, e laminis 2 crassius- 2 S et marsupium compressum ore aperto fingens, lamina interna nuda, exte- Ore intus neryi E. T » inte VOL, xxx, y Plurimis longitudinaliter parallelis signata, apice subito constricta, in A longam R 302 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACER. | anguste lineare incurvum prolongata. Stamina parva, singula apice appendicule tenuiter lon- giuscule clavate insita; filamentum brevissimum, filiforme; anthera didyma, lobis subglobosis, rima longitudinali lateraliter dehiscentibus : ovarium inferum, semiglobosum, 3-loculare, ovulis in quoque loculo plurimis, ad axin circa basin affixis, suberectis, vertice intra discum planum sub. convexo, radiatim striato; stylus subulato-teres, sepala paullo excedens, subcurvatus; stigma minutum sub-3-lobum, papillosum. Arbor Amazonica, de qua nihil nisi flos cognatum est. 1. CERCOPHORA ANOMALA, nob. : planta et inflorescentia ignota : sepalis 6, ovalibus, extus subcarinatis, minute granulatis, fusco-opacis, marginibus late membranaceis et ciliato-denticulatis; petalis 6, spathulato-obtusis, rotundatis, inequalibus, sepalis 6plo longioribus, submembranaceis, siccis flavis; ovario parvo, turbinato. In regione Amazonica : v. florem s. in hb. meo, San Carlos, Rio Negro (Spruce). As mentioned in a preceding page (p. 172), I found this single flower entangled in the panicle of my speeimen of Chytroma Spruceana (Spruce, 3695) from San Carlos, on the upper branch of the Rio Negro, just within the confines of Venezuela. The pedicel is 11 line long; the sepals 13 line long, 1 line broad ; the larger petals are 8 lines long, 6 lines broad ; the androphorum coiled up, 43 lines in diameter, expanded 9 lines long. This singular genus seems to approach Cariniana in its 3-locular ovary, erect ovules, and long style, and to agree generally in its floral parts; but it differs in its andro- phorum, unilaterally expanded by the addition of its anomalous purse-shaped hood. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. PLATE XXXIII. Section A. Analysis of Gustavia. ; Fig. 1. The androphorum of G. Marcgraaviana, seen from beneath, with one of the petals attached to its base (the others removed). Fig. 2. The same, shown laterally. Fig. 3. The same, seen from above. : Fig. 4. The ovary, surrounded by the sepals, to show the epigynous annular disk to which the andro- phorum is agglutinated by the intervention of the claws of the petals. | Fig. 5. A longitudinal section of the flower, showing the relative position of the above parts, and their attachment to the disk; the inferior ovary is also seen where ovules, supported by funicles, radiate from the central axis: all nat. size. Fig. 6. One of the outer and one of the inner row of the many-seried staminiferous appendages of - androphorum : magnified. Fig. 7. Summits of 2 of the appendages, seen before and behind, showing how they support the filaments and anthers, and the peculiar mode of dehiscence of the latter : more highly magnified. Fig. 8. One of the seeds suspended by its spirally twisted fleshy funicle of nearly equal size: it is draw? from a specimen preserved in spirits in the Kew Museum, and from another in the British Museum, sent by Lockhart. LI - MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE EX. 303 Fig. 9. Half of its testa removed, to show the enclosed embryo. . Fig. 10. The embryo, consisting of 2 large fleshy cotyledons, with an imbedded small superior radicle. Fig. 11. One of the cotyledons, showing the position of the radicle: all nat. size. Section B. Analysis of Couroupita. - Fig. 1: A flower expanded of C. Peruviana. Fig. 2. The ovary invested by the calyx, and margined by 6 sepals, seen sideways. Fig. 3. The same, seen from above. : ; Fig. 4. A longitudinal section of the same, showing several ovules in each cell, radiating from the central axis: all nat. size. — Fig. 5. The annular epigynous disk surrounding the raised pulvinated vertex of the ovary, hollow in the centre, where there is a short thick style, surmounted by a depressed 6-rayed stigma. Fig. 6. A transverse section of the inferior 6-celled ovary, with ovules attached: both magnified. Fig.7. The androphorum seen sideways, with the numerous staminiferous appendages upon its basal ring, and others in densely imbricated series within its inverted semiglobular hood. Fig. 8. The same straightened, to show the bare ligula which intervenes between the basal ring and the hood, both of which are charged within with numerous staminiferous appendages in closely imbricated series: both nat. size. ۱ Fig. 9. Three of the appendages of the hood. Fig. 10. Two of the appendages of the basal ring: both magnified. Fig. 11. Summit of one of the same, showing how the short filament is inserted upon it. - Fig. 12. An anther: all magnified. Fig. 13. One of the many seeds of C. Guianensis, copied from Poiteau's drawing. It is covered by a pubescent brittle testa, supported by a short funicle and imbedded in pulp. Fig. 14. The testa splitting, to allow the embryo to escape. Fig. 15. The embryo enclosed within the testa, showing the two plicated ascending foliaceous cotyledons, : similar in length to the terete radicle, curved below, and pointing upwards to the hilum. Fig. 16. The exalbuminous embryo expanded : all nat. size. Led Section C. Analysis of a flower of Bertholletia nobilis. " A flower in bud, showing its entire floral globular calyx, which conceals the other parts. Fig. 3 ie zone, of full size and in its expanded state. Fig bor calyx, which splits into two semiglobular segments, each tridentate at the apex. serons EC same, seen from above, showing the epigynous annular disk and the vertex of the inferior Á a ent) section of the same, with the ovules in each cell attached to the central axis. Me? tiii "n of the inferior ovary, showing its 4 cells. : Bes Th androphoram 1n its natural shape. à : the same somewhat straightened, to show the bare ligula between the basal ring and concave Fig. 9, ws Which are both densely charged with numerous appendages, all seen sideways. Fig. 10, Bu. from within: all nat. size. bd Fig. 11. eas a appendages of the hood, bare of stamens. Pig. 12. An erect 4, appendages of the basal ring, all bearing fertile stamens : both magnified. Fig. 13 ۱ triquetral seed, showing the hilum at the lower ventral angle. ۰ The thick نز‎ so : | I gneous testa in a longitudinal section, showing one of the channels which are filled .. ^e mam chords of the ascending raphe. ۱ 2R2 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. . l4. A transverse section of the same, showing the channels with the three main cords of the im- bedded raphe in the three angles. . 15. The edible nucleus, removed from fig. 13. This is the ordinary well-known Brazil-nut. . 16. A transverse section of the same, seen sideways. . 17. The same, seen from above, showing in its summit the traces of the almost obsolete minute cotyledons. . 18. A longitudinal section of the same embryo, slowing it to be a gigantic radicle, with an external exorhiza surrounding an internal neorhiza. .19. The same in a state of germination, as seen in a specimen preserved in spirits in ihá Kew Museum : all nat. size. Prate XXXIV. Section A. Analysis of Lecythis. . 1. A flower expanded. 2. The inferior ovary surmounted by 6 sepals, viewed sideways. . 8. The same, seen from above, showing within the sepals the epigynous disk that encircles the elevated vertex of the ovary : all nat. size. . 4. A transverse section of the inferior ovary, usually 4-celled. | 5. A longitudinal section of the same, showing also the sepals, disk, vertex, and style, with several —— ovules in each cell, suspended by funicles from the middle or summit of the central axis : both somewhat magnified. : . 6. The androphorum removed, showing its inverted head. . 7. The same straightened, to show the bare ligula between the basal staminiferous ring and the hood echinated inside with very numerous staminiferous appendages. . 8. The same viewed sideways, to show the basal ring where it is agglutinated to the disk by the intervening claws of the petals. . 9. Three of the staminiferous appendages of the hood. . 10. Three of the same belonging to the basal ring: all nat. size. . 11. Three of the appendages of the hood, enlarged, showing the anthers fixed on their summits. . 12. Those of the basal ring, with the anthers before and after dehiscence: all magnified. . 18. One of the seeds suspended within the fruit by a large fleshy funicle, which is attached to the summit of the solid columella descending from the operculum: this is more clearly shown in Plate LVI. . 14. A seed without the funicle. . 15. A longitudinal section of its thick coriaceous or ligneous testa, with its enclosed nucleus. . 16. A transverse section of the same, showing the several cords of the branching imbedded raphe. . 17. The nucleus removed, which is the ordinary Sapucaya nut; it is a homogeneous embryo or gigantic radicle, like that of Bertholletia. . 18. The same, seen below, to show the almost obliterated basal minute cotyledons. . 19. A transverse section of the same, showing the neorhiza surrounded by the external exorhiza. . 20. The same germinating. This I found in the fruit of L. Marcgraaviana : all nat. size. Section B. Analysis of Chytroma. . l. A flower expanded, with the androphorum removed to show the sepals and petals. . 2. The calyx and semiinferior ovary: both nat. size. . 3. The same, enlarged, to show the annular disk which encircles the elevated vertex of the ovary, terminated by a short umboniform style. . A longitudinal section of the same, showing the ovary to be half-superior, and that its ovules ۴ erect in the base of the cells. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEZ, 305 Fig. 5. A transverse section of the same above the level of the disk, as seen from above, surrounded by : the expanded calyx ; the ovary is 4-celled, and its ovules always erect and sessile : all magnified. Fig. 6. The androphorum : nat. size. . Fig. 7. An enlarged view of the same, showing its inverted hood. Fig. 8. The same straightened, to show the staminiferous appendages of the basal ring, the bare ligula, and the hood densely echinated within, with sterile appendages. Fig. 9. The same, viewed sideways: all magnified. — Fig. 10. Some of the sterile appendages of the hood. Fig. 11. Some of the fertile appendages of the basal ring : both more or less magnified. Fig. 12. A seed, seen on its dorsal face, showing the cancellated bars of the imbedded branching raphe. Fig. 13. The same, viewed on its ventral face, showing the basal hilum, from which ascends the main branch of the raphe-like fillet with its edges free, but adhering to the testa by a linear nerve. Fig. 14. The same with half of the testa removed, showing its thin brittle texture, and the prominent main branch of the raphe, the enclosed embryo being contracted by drying. Fig. 15. The lower moiety of the testa, seen from above, with a portion of the fillet of the raphe thrown back. Fig. 16. The nucleus, removed, which is solid, of a dark colour, very bitter in taste, and homogeneous in texture. ۲ Fig. 17, A longitudinal section of the same, showing its structure to be analogous to that of Lecythis, but with a much thicker exorhiza, which leaves an open fissure between it and the neorhiza: all nat. size. | Section C. Analysis of Eschweilera. Fig. 1. A flower expanded. Fig. 2. The inferior ovary, showing the 6 sepals, the annular disk which surrounds its elevated vertex, and : the umboniform style: both nat. size. | Fig. 3. An enlarged view of the same, from above. Fig. 4. À transverse section of the same, showing it to be 2-celled. ; Fig. 5. A longitudinal section of the same, showing the cells to be half-superior, with severaliovalos an : each cell, always erect and sessile in its base: all magnified. Fig. 6. The androphorum. | Fig. 7. The same straightened and seen from within, showing its basal ring covered n : v2 staminiferous appendages, the intervening bare ligula and He licia uM را ای‎ densely echinated inside with many imbricated appendages, most ی موی و‎ Meile sat. tome ; times, though rarely, they bear fertile stamens. r nig 8. Some of the sterile appendages of the hood. E 9. Some of the fertile appendages of the basal ring : all nat. size. 18. 10. Two of the same appendages, bearing short filaments and anthers, " dehiscence: magnified. ۱ ig. 11. A seed, shown on its.dorsal face, and having a granularly scrobiculate surface, versely below the middle. Fig. 12, SES seen edgeways, showing the basal hilum, imbedded raphe are seen t te. EUN | The same, en on its Ser Pu where the main vpn a of the raphe aacends from the hilum, and from which other sulcated branches are spread. : : A longitudinal section of the same, showing its thick coriaceous testa, in the a of n the branching raphe is imbedded: within itis a lax thin integument, and a Ae n ça pad in drying, flat on the ventral face, where it and the ipfe iod e testa, shown before and after swelling trans- from which the sulcated branches of the Fig. 13, Fig. 14, 306 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. Fig. 15. A transverse section of the same, showing the same parts. Fig. 16. The lax inner integument and the smaller nucleus, shown in یو‎ section. Fig. 17. The same in transverse section. Fig. 18. The pale integument cut open, showing where it is coated within by a grey pulverulence, and one side is charged with clots of black powdery matter. ` Fig. 19. The dark bitter nucleus, seen on its dorsal face. Fig. 20. The same, shown edgeways. Fig. 21. A longitudinal section of the same, showing its homogeneous texture, its thickish exorhiza often separated by a fissure from the internal neorhiza, a structure analogous to that of Chytroma. Fig. 22. A transverse section of the same: all nat. size. PLATE XXXV. Section A. ARMAS, of Jugastrum. Fig. 1. A flower before expansion. Fig. 2. The same after expansion. Fig. 3. The 6 sepals, the annular disk, and elevated vertex of the ovary, terminated by a very short style. Fig. 4. A longitudinal section ofthe ovary, which is 2-celled, the vertex dome-shaped, the cells half-supe- rior, with several ovules erect in the base of each cell. Fig. 5. A transverse section of the same, showing it to be 2-celled, with several ovules erect in each cell. Fig. 6. The androphorum, with a convex hood. Fig. 7. The same straightened and viewed from the inside, showing the many staminiferous appendages on its basal ring, its bare ligula, and its hood echinated with very numerous staminiferous appendages. Fig. 8. The appendages of the hood. Fig. 9. Those of the basal ring: all nat. size. Fig. 10. The staminiferous appendages of the hood. Fig. 11. Those of the basal ring, with the anthers before and after dehiscence : both magnified. Fig. 12. A seed of J. obtectum. Fig. 13. A longitudinal section of the same, showing its thin coriaceous testa, smooth outside, granulated within. Fig. 14. A lower moiety of the same in transverse section. Fig. 15. The nucleus or embryo, with a granulated surface, nearly filling the testa, with a split nil í m the middle of the ventral angle. Fig. 16. A longitudinal section of the same, showing it to be homogeneous in texture; it is of a darkish colour, with an external exorhiza, very thin near the nipple, and opposite a protuberance of the neorhiza: all nat. size. Fig. 17. The same, magnified. Fig. 18. The macropodous embryo in germination : naf. size, after Berg. Fig. 19. The compressed seed of J. platyspermum, seen on the ventral face. Fig. 20. The same, seen edgeways. Fig. 21. A transverse section of the testa. Fig. 22. A longitudinal section of the nucleus : all nat. size. Section B. Analysis of Couratari. Fig. 1. A flower expanded : nat. siz ; Fig. 2. The inferior ovary, 6 free is the annular epigynous disk, the elevated pulvinated and erenated vertex, hollow in the middle, where there is a broad conical short style, surmounted by a a hollow globular stigma, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 307 Fig. 3. A longitudinal section of the same, showing several ovules erect in the basal angle of each cell. Fig. 4. A transverse section of the same, which has 3 cells, with erect ovules: all somewhat magnified. Fig. 5. The androphorum, viewed sideways. Fig. 6. The same straightened, to show the basal ring charged with staminiferous appendages, the loug intervening bare ligula, and the reversed hood attached by a fleshy knob in the summit of the ligula, the hood being echinated outside (contrary to the general rule) with numerous sterile appendages. Fig. 7. Three of the appendages of the hood. Fig. 8. Three of the staminiferous appendages of the basal ring: all nat. size. - Fig.9. Two of the same, with the anthers before and after dehiscence: magnified. - 1۱2, 10. A seed, which is much compressed, with a broad circumambient membranaceous wing, placed round an oblong testaceous escutcheon. . The same, seen edgeways. ۱ . The very thin inner integument, which fills the escutcheon and encloses the exalbuminous embryo. . 18. The embryo removed, showing its form when embraced by the integument. Fig. 14. The same expanded to exhibit the long terete club-shaped radicle pointing to the basal hilum, ‚and shortly curved at its upper extremity, where it is continuous with 2 broad plicated foliaceous cotyledons equal to it in length: all nat. size. i Section C. Analysis of Cariniana. Fig. 1. A flower: nat. size. Fig. 2. The same: greatly magnified. Fig. 3. Two of the six petals, seen from within and sideways. Fig. 4. The inferior ovary, seen from above: all equally magnified. Fig. 5. A vertical section of the same, showing the 6-dentate cupular free border of the calyx, the annular disk, the somewhat concave vertex, the long terete style, the inferior cells containing few or more erect ovules fixed near their base. Fig. 6. A transverse section of the same, showing the three cells and the ovules in each: both more magnified. Fig. 7. The androphorum, on the same scale as fig. 2, showing its very gibbous tubular form, slightly convex at its summit; it is fringed on the margin and echinated over its whole surface inside, ny with staminiferous appendages in many series, and has no basal ring or ligula : in this respect Fg. " approaches Gustavia and Grias. i > ^u same, seen sideways, "m x same cut open, to show the many series of staminiferous appendages, the upper ones being Fig. 10, y Best, the others gradually shortening in length to that of the lower short series : magnified. . The appendages of the upper and 1 ies : ified Fig. 11. OSR = . pper and lower series: more magnified. BEEN ۰ Fig. 13. The ts anthers after dehiscence, seen sideways and from above. Fig 14 A m. anc part of the style: magnified. - 5 mm va sem in front, with its long basal membranaceous wing and the apical embryoniferous en o Big, 1. nd thin Inner mtegument removed from the escutcheon, the space of which it fills. i i base] ,» removed from that integument, consisting of a terete descending radicle pointing to ee curved suddenly at its summit, and continuous with the descending cotyledons : 308 Fig. Fig. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. 18. The same, with the cotyledons pps which are foliaceous, plicated, and shorter than the radicle: magnified. Puare XXXVI. Section A. Analysis of Allantoma. . 1. A flower: nal. size. . 2. An enlarged view of the same. . 3. The six unequal petals, removed. . 4. The inferior ovary surmounted by. six free sepals and the annular epigynous disk, which surrounds the vertex and umbonate style. . 5. A longitudinal section of the same. . 6. A transverse section of the same in the instance where it is 4-celled. . 7. The same where it is 3-celled ; in other species it is 5-celled. . 8. The androphorum in its natural form, partially opened to show the several convolutions of the ligula and the semiglobular hood, bare of appendages on both faces, though they are seen along its margins. . 9. The same, with the ligula partly straightened, seen from within. . 10. The same, viewed externally, where the last convolution is reversed in a contrary direction. .ll. The same, viewed externally, where the ligula is further straightened and biplicated, and showing how the bare hollow hood is reversed upon the extremity of the ligula: all magnified on the same scale. i . 12. One of the seeds, on its dorsal face. . 13. The same, seen sideways. . 14. The same, shown on its smoother ventral face, where the position of the hilum is seen on one of its basal auricles. . 15. The same, with half of the thick subcoriaceous testa removed to show the relative form and size of the enclosed nucleus. ig. 16. The nucleus removed, seen on its face. . 17. The same, seen edgeways. . 18. A transverse section of the same: all nat. size. g. 19. A longitudinal section of the nucleus, showing the exorhiza — the neorhiza: magnified. | Section B. Analysis of Cercophora. . l. A flower expanded : nat. size. . 2. One of the six petals. . 8. The inferior ovary surmounted by a border of six free expanded sepals: all nat. size. . 4. The same, showing the annular disk, flat vertex, and long terete style. . 5. A longitudinal section of the same, omitting the sepals, showing the cells of the inferior ovary; with its ovules erect from the base. + 6. A transverse section of the same, to show its three cells: all magnified. . 7. The androphorum. . 8. The same straightened : both nat. size. . 9. The same, enlarged, showing the inversion of its hood and the further inflexion of its caudal extension, 10. The same straightened, seen from within, showing the usual basal ring, with a short incurved ligula, both charged with staminiferous appendages, and the bare sacciform hood with its caudal extension, MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 309 Fig. 11. A longitudinal section of the same, seen edgeways, showing the hollow purse-shaped hood and its caudal extension. Fig. 12. The same, with the inner face of the hood cut through and thrown back to show its peculiar : nervation : all magnified. à Fig. 13. One of the staminiferous appendages: nat. size. Fig. 14. The same, magnified. Fig. 15. A portion of the style and stigma: magnified. Section C. Analysis of Grias. Fig. 1. A flower of Grias Peruviana in bud, closed by the entire globular limb of the calyx. Fig. 2. The same after expansion, the calycine limb now split into 4 equal sepals : both nat. size. Fig. 3. The same, enlarged, showing the inferior ovary, the 4 sepals, and the 4 equal petals somewhat larger than the sepals. ; Fig. 4. The same, seen from above, showing the petals surrounding the androphorum. Fig. 5. The inferior ovary, surmounted by the four sepals, the annular disk, and the umbonated vertex. Fig. 6. A transverse section of the ovary, showing it to be 4-celled. | Fig. 7. A longitudinal section of the same, with the ovules in the cells: all somewhat magnified. Fig. 8. The same, showing more distinctly the annular disk with its crenulated margin surrounding the concave vertex, the umboniform style, surmounted by the sessile 4-rayed stigma, the ovules in each cell suspended by funicles from the top of the axile column. Fig. 9. The stigma: both more highly magnified. Fig. 10. The androphorum in its natural shape, consisting of a shallow basal cup, regular in form, bordered by the external series of much longer staminiferous appendages. Fig. 11. The same cut open, to show how it is covered internally with several series of staminiferous appendages, the lower one short, the others gradually longer, the external series longest: both little magnified. Fig. 12. Two of the same appendages, which are somewhat incurved, subtetragonous, ۳ summit, where the filaments are inserted : more magnified. ig. 13. A stamen, with two oval anther-cells, almost disjointed, upon the apex of the filament. A 14. The same after dehiseing laterally by a longitudinal suture: both more highly magnified. — Fig. 15. A fruit of Grias Aubletiana, drawn in its natural dimensions as given in the text of Aublet, and e T from his drawing, stated to be half-size. : : ^» A transverse section of the same, showing it to be indehiscent and 4-celled, e " ing 6 or 7 seeds. 18. 17. One of the seeds suspended by a fleshy funicle, as in Gustavia: all nat. size. truncated at the ach cell contain- PLATE XXXVII. Represents the fruit of two species of Bertholletia. w Museum, collected by Purdie in the Fig. 1. The pyxidium of B. excelsa, from a specimen in the Ke i s figure of his specimen from the river island of Trinidad: it corresponds well with Bonpland" Fig. 2, A ae fth he f f the opercular pening i of the upper part of the shell, showing the form 0 : "i£ 8. The extruding piedan, which naturally wo off from the summit of the internal columella, “a deem in the Kew specimen and in Bonpland’s drawing. — e Pyxidium of B. nobilis, from Pará, from specimens sold in London shops guished by its smaller and more globular form, its darker thick coriaceous and falls a fox ; VOL. Xxx. way in fragments. 25 . This is distin- Fig. 4, bark, which splits Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. e al MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. . A section of the upper part of the shell, showing the difference in its opercular opening. . The incarcerated depressed operculum. A cluster of five seeds, not quite ripe, the contents of one of the cells, fixed by their basal angle to a portion of the columella. There is here no trace of any pulp, which Berg asserts to surround the seeds; the specimen is in the Museum of the Linnean Society : all nat. size: PLATE XXXVIII. . The pyxidium of Lecythis ampullaria, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. One quarter- segment is taken away, to show the size of the cavity and the thickness of its shell. . A seed in the Kew Museum, brought by Triana from Nueva Granada. Prate XXXIX. . The pyxidium of Lecythis urnigera, procured by myself and others in Rio de Janeiro, where they are sold in the open market. One of its seeds, suspended by its white fleshy funicle, from a drawing made by me while in the fresh state; its nucleus is edible, and called Supucaya : both nat. size. PLATE XL. . The pyxidium of Lecythis Velloziana, from a specimen belonging to Mrs. Fry, who obtained it in Rio de Janeiro; it agrees sufficiently with the rude drawing in the * Flora Fluminensis,? where the opereulum is wanting. One of its seeds : both nat. size. PLATE XLI. The pyxidium of Lecythis Bogotensis, from a specimen from Bogota iu the British Museum : nat. size. c go w PrATA XLII. . The pyxidium of Leeythis vasiformis, from 2 specimens obtained in Rio de Janeiro by Mrs. Fry, and now in her possession. One of its seeds. The pyxidium of Lecythis pilaris, from a specimen brought from Rio de Janeiro by Mrs. Fry; the operculum has been lost: all nat. size. PLATE XLIII. The pyxidium of Lecythis ampla, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, sent from Antioquia, in New Granada. One of its seeds. The pyxidium of Lecythis minor, from two specimens in my possession, said to come from Costa Rica, but probably from Cartagena, as it corresponds with Jacquin’s drawing: all nat. size. PLATE XLIV. The pyxidium of Lecythis validissima, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, obtained from ۶ tree growing in Mauritius, and introduced from Guiana; another specimen is in the British Museum, from Guiana, which exactly corresponds in size and shape with the above. . One of its seeds: bath nat. size. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 911 dots: Prats XLV. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis lacunosa, from a specimen in the British Museum brought from Brazil by Capt. Burton. I have two specimens of the same from Rio de Janeiro. There are also two other specimens in the Kew Museum, one of which has its interzonal band depressed below the level of the calycary zone ; but as it agrees with the above in other particulars, I have referred it here. Fig. 2. A seed of the same: both nat. size. PLATE XLVI. The fruits of Lecythis lanceolata, Poir. (non Berg). Fig. 1. The pyxidium from a specimen in the Kew Museum, from a Guiana tree cultivated in the Mau- ritius. There is another specimen, somewhat broader in proportion, in the same Museum, probably indigenous and from Dutch Guiana. Fig. 9. An unripe specimen in the British Museum, sent from Ile Bourbon, duced from Guiana; its operculum is higher and more convex: both nat. size. there cultivated and intro- PLATE XLVII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis Zabucayo, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, i from Hamburg, probably derived from Guiana. Fig. 2. Two of its seeds, seen in front and sideways. Fig. 3. The pyxidium of Lecythis usitata, from a specimen in the K : Dr. Spruce. Its operculum has been lost. Fig. 4. One of the seeds. This quite resembles in size and form shops, and imported from Pará: all nat. size. sent by a collector ew Museum, sent from Pará by the Sapucaya nuts sold in the London PLATE XLVIII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis Marcgraaviana, from a specimen in the Museum of the Linnean Society. Fig. 2. One of its seeds. Pig. 3. The pyxidium of Lecythis Pohlii, copied from the drawing of Berg. 1g. 4. One of its seeds : all nat. size. Pras XLIX. . | Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis densa, from a specimen m the British Museum a collection. | 8. 2. The pyxidium of Lecythis cupularis, from a specimen in the : province of Pará. 64 ' Fig. 3. The pyxidium of Lecythis levicula, from à specimen in the Kew Museum sent from Demerara : all nat. size. ۱ derived from Sloane’s Kew Mnseum, probably from the PLATE L. The pyxidium of Lecythis Pisonis, copied from Berg's drawing, with the addition of AP © described in his text: nat. size. PLATE LI. Fig. 1. The من‎ 2 n llection : nat. size. : pyxidium of Lecythi i ۱ cimen in my own co e : Fig. 2 cythis spheroides, from a spe ¿he Kev Museum, sent, together with the 2s . The pyxidium of Lecythis elliptica, from a specimen in 312 MR. J. MIERS ON THE ۰ dried plant, by Purdie, the latter agreeing well with Kunth’s description of his plant from the same locality. Fig. 3. The pyxidium of Lecythis dubia, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, also sent by Purdie, from. the locality indicated by Bonpland : all nat. size. | PuaATE LII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis biserrata, from a drawing made by Dr. Berg from a specimen from Rio de Janeiro, which he wrongly referred to Lecythis lanceolata, Poir., a Guiana species, and also to Lecythis minor, Vell. (non Jacq.). I have added to Berg's drawing the operculum there omitted, but which he describes in his text. Fig. 2. The pyxidium of Lecythis platyzone, from the description given by Berg: both nat. size. - PLATE LIII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis limbata, from a specimen in the British Museum ; the operculum has been lost: nat. size. | Fig. 2. A view of the same from above, to show the contour of its calycary zone: half its nat. size. PLATE LIV. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis crassinoda, from a specimen in the British Museum: nat. size. . The same, seen from above, to show the outline of its calycary zone: reduced to half-size. Fig. 3. One of its seeds : nat. size. e o © PLATE LV. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis venusta, from a specimen in the Kew Museum and my own collection : nat. size. . The same, seen from above, to show the form of the calycary zone : reduced to half-size. Fig. 3. One of its seeds. | 4. The pyxidium of Lecythis tumefacta, from a specimen in the Kew Museum and another in my own collection: both nat. size . . The same, seen from above, to show the outline of the calycary zone : reduced to half-size. Fig. 6. One of its seeds: nat. size. ^ ds vo = ds ex PLATE LVI. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis tuberculata, from a specimen in my own collection : nat. size. Fig. 2. The same, seen from above, to show the form of the calycary zone: reduced to half-size. 8. One of the seeds suspended by its fleshy funicle: nat. size. Fig. 4. The pyxidium of Lecythis Coxiana, from two dried specimens, and another preserved in spirits, in my own collection, showing one of its cells, and its seeds suspended by their fleshy funicles | in their true position: nat. size. ۱ Fig. 5. The same, seen from above, showing the peculiar contour of its.calycary zone : reduced to half-size. be: PLATE LVII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Lecythis grandiflora, copied from Aublet's drawing, and restored to the dimen sions given in the text: nat. size. | : MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACE. 313 Fig. 2. The same, seen from above: half nat. size. Fig. 3. One of its seeds : nat. size. Fig. 4. The pysidium of Lecythis variolata, from 4 specimens in my own collection. Fig. 5. The same, seen from above, with the operculum removed, showing the outline of its calycary zone : reduced to half nat. size. PLATE LVIII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Chytroma Schomburgkiana, from a specimen in the Kew Collection, partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. The same, seen from above, after the removal of the operculum, showing it to be 4-celled. Fig. 8. The pyxidium of Chytroma incarcerata, partly in longitudinal section, showing that, the velarium being broader than the zonal aperture, the operculum cannot fall off. Fig. 4. The operculum of the same released, shown sideways, connected with the four dissepiments. Fig. 5. One of its erect seeds : all nat. size. Fig. 6. The pyxidium of Chytroma cistella, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longi- tudinal section. . Fig. 7. The same, seen from above, after the removal of the operculum, showing it to be 4-celled. Fig. 8. The pyxidium of Chytroma amara, copied from Aublet's drawing, restored to its natural size, as stated in the text, partly in longitudinal section. : Fig. 9. The same, seen from above, with the operculum removed, showing it to be 4-celled. Fig. 10. The pyxidium of Chytroma monosperma, copied from Berg's drawing, shown partly in longi- tudinal section. Fig. 11, Its single seed, the rest being abortive. Fig. 12. The pyxidium of Chytroma pilacarpa, partly in longitudinal section. ; Fig. 13, The pyxidium of Chytroma basilaris, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 14. The same with the opereulum removed, as seen from above, showing it to be 4-celled : all nat. size. PLATE LIX. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Chytroma grandifolia, copied from Berg's drawing, and partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. One of its seeds. Fig. 3, The pyxidium of Chytroma Spruceana, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, longitudinal section. Fe 4. The operculum of the same, seen from below, showing the dissepiments of its four cells. i E-5. The pyxidium of Chytroma urceolata, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 6. One of its seeds. Fig. 7. The pyxidium of Chytroma cincturata, from three specimens m Me Rer in longitudinal section. Fig. 8. One of its seeds, shown partly in Museum, shown partly Fig. 10, Fig. 11. *pecimen in the Kew Museum, and from another in my 0 e c > « 8. . 9. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. . The operculum of the same, removed. . One of its seeds. The pyxidium of Chytroma Ibiribä, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. . Another specimen of the same, less matured, where the operculum is somewhat umbonated, shown partly in longitudinal section. . One of its seeds. The pyxidium of. Chytroma Idatimon, copied from Aublet’s drawing, shown partly in longitudinal section. . The operculum of the same, removed, showing the 4 seeds partly embraced by its 4 dissepiments. The pyxidium of the same with its operculum removed, seen from above, showing its 4 cells: all nat. size. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera angustifolia, copied from Berg’s drawing. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera compressa, from several specimens in my own collection, . The same with the operculum removed, showing, from the vestiges of the evanescent dissepi- ment, that it was originally 2-celled; the cicatrices of the hilar attachment of the seeds are seen in the base. . One of its erect seeds, shown on its dorsal face. . The same, viewed from below, showing the position of the hilum at the bottom of the basal angle: all nat. size. PLATE LX. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera rigida, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly m | longitudinal section. One of its seeds, seen on its ventral face. . The same, on its dorsal side. The pyxidium of Eschweilera serrulata, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. One of its seeds. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera Fendleri, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in + longitudinal section. The pyxidium of Eschweilera Guanabarica, from several specimens in my own collection, shown partly in longitudinal section; in some of them the umbonate prominence of the operculum almost disappears, leaving the summit quite flattened. One of its seeds. The pyxidium of Eschweilera Idatimonoides, copied fon Berg's drawing, shown in longitudinal à section. 10. The pyxidium of Eschweilera corrugata, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, from Demerara, shown partly in longitudinal section. . The same, copied from Poiteau's drawing. : . The pyxidium of Eschweilera longipes, copied from Poiteau's drawing, shown partly in longıtu- dinal section. . The same with the operculum removed, to show it is originally 2-celled, the dissepiment be- coming withered. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera Blanchetiana, drawn from Berg’s description. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera levifolia, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera ovata, from a specimen in the Kew Museum sent by Gardner from Pernambuco, partly in longitudinal section. . The pyxidium of Eschweilera Luschnatii, from Burchell’s specimen in the Kew Museum. MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 915 Fig. 18. The pyxidium of Eschweilera platycarpa, copied from Poiteau's drawing, partly in longitudinal section. ` Fig. 19. The pyxidium of Eschweilera parviflora, copied from Aublet’s drawing, shown partly in longi- tudinal section. Fig. 20. One of its seeds. Fig. 21. The pyxidium of Eschweilera parvifolia, from Dr. Berg's description. Fig. 22. The pyxidium of Eschweilera Siberiana, from Dr. Berg's description, shown partly in longitu- dinal section. Fig. 23. The pyxidium of Eschweilera lurida, from Burchell’s specimen in the Kew Museum: all nat. size. PLATE LXI. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Jugastrum coriaceum, copied from Dr. Berg’s drawing, and shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. The same with the operculum removed, seen from above, showing the seeds in one of its two cells, the seeds being removed from the other that the cicatrices may be seen in the base, to denote the points of attachment of the erect seeds. Fig. 3. One of its seeds. Fig. 4. The pyxidium of Jugastrum subcinctum, from specimens in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 5. The same, from another specimen in the same Museum. Fig. 6. One of its seeds. Fig. 7. The pyxidium of Jugastrum obtectum, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. Fig. 8. One of its seeds, Fig. 9. The pyxidium of Jugastrum platyspermum, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. Fig. 10. One of its seeds, shown on its ventral face. Fig. 11, The same, seen on its edge. Fig. 12. Another pyxidium of the same, from a specimen in the British Museum. Fig. 18. The pyxidium of Jugastrum depressum, from a specimen in the Kew Museum. Fig. 14. Another specimen of the same, in the British Museum. Fig. 15. One of its seeds: all nat. size. | | Prate LXII. : Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Couratari Martiana, from a specimen in the British Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. The operculum and its columella, removed, much contracted in drying. Fig. 3. One of its seeds, shown on its face. Fig. 4. The same, seen on its edge. | Fig. 5. The pyxidium of Couratari glabra, copied from Berg's drawing, section. > 6. Its operculum and columella, contracted in drying. E- 7. One of its seeds. Fig. 8, The Pyxidium of Couratari rufescens, from three specim : 1n longitudinal section. E 9. Its opereulum and columella, contracted in drying. : 18. 10. A transverse section of the same when in the fresh state, showing columella, Fig. 11. One of its seeds, seen on its face. : 12, The same, seen on its edge. shown partly in longitudinal ens in my own collection, shown partly the 3 cells formed round the 316 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. Fig. 13. The pyxidium of Couratari Guianensis, from specimens in my own and other collections, shown. 5 partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 14. The opereulum and columella of the same, shrunk in drying. | Fig. 15. A transverse section of the same when in the fresh state, showing the 3 cells round the columella, - 7 Fig. 16. One of its seeds: all nat. size. PrarE LXIII. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Cariniana Brasiliensis, from several specimens in my own collection, shown - partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. The operculum and columella, removed. Fig. 3. Two of its seeds. 8 Fig. 4. The pyxidium of Cariniana dübvatioa; copied from Berg's drawing, shown partly in longitud ۱ section. y Fig. 5. The operculum and columella of the same. Fig. 6. The pyxidium of Cariniana excelsa, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section, and where the teeth are seen in its mouth. 3 Fig. 7. The operculum and columella of the same, contracted in drying. Fig. 8. 'The seeds of the same, in different positions. Fig. 9. The pyxidium of Cariniana Uahupensis, shown partly in longitudinal section. re section. Fig. 11. The pyxidium of Cariniana pyriformis, from a specimen in the collection of the Linnean Society and three others in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 12. The operculum and columella of the same, showing the impressions left by its imbricated seeds. Fig. 13: The seeds, seen in front and on the edge : all nat. size. PLATE LXIV. Fig. 1. The pyxidium of Allantoma torulosa, from a specimen in the British Museum. There is another, somewhat smaller, in the Kew Museum; it is shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2. A transverse section of the same when in its fresh state, showing the 5 cells round the col Fig. 3. One of its seeds. Fig. 4. The pyxidium of Allantoma cylindrica, from a specimen in the Kew Museum and another in my own collection, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 5. A transverse section of the same when in a fresh state, showing its 4 cells round the m Fig. 6. One of its seeds, seen in front. : Fig. 7. The same, shown on its edge. Fig. 8. The same, seen on its dorsal face, showing the hilum on one of the basal lobe Fig. 9. The pyxidium of Allantoma macrocarpa, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, which age with the drawing of Berg: it is shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 10. The pyxidium of Allantoma dictyocarpa, copied from Berg’s drawing: all nat. size. PLATE LXV. . 1. The pyxidium of Allantoma scutellata, from a specimen in the Museum of the Linnean Soc 7 shown partly in a longitudinal section, with its columella much shrunk in Fig. 2. A transverse section of the same when i drying. 1 in a fresh stat the "m Fig. 3. One of its seeds, sh state, showing the 4 cells round A AF MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEE. 317 Fig. 4. The pyxidium of Allantoma lineata, copied from Berg's drawing. Fig. 5. A transverse section of the same when in its fresh state, showing the 5 cells round the columella. Fig. 6. The pyxidium of Allantoma Burchelliana, from a specimen in the Kew Museum, shown partly in longitudinal section. ۰ Fig. 7. A transverse section of the same when in a fresh state, showing its 4 cells round the columella. Fig. 8. One of its seeds. : Fig.9. The pyxidium of Allantoma aulacocarpa, from Berg's drawing, shown partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 10. The pyxidium of Allantoma corbula, from a specimen in the British Museum, and shown in partly longitudinal section. Fig. 11. A transverse section of the same when in a fresh state, mella: all nat. size. showing the 5 cells round the colu- POSTSCRIPT. I received from my friend Sen" Mattos entire After the above memoir was in type, which serve to throw additional specimens of ripe fruits of Lecythis preserved in spirits, light upon the carpological structure of that genus. The specimens of L. Coxiana, alluded to in p. 218, were mere portions of a pyxidium, intended to show the existence of the large funicle attached to each seed: but they were insufficient to enable me to determine whether the attachment was at the base or near the summit of the columella; and in deciding between these alternatives the wrong inference was drawn. As the fruit, from its great weight, always hangs in an inverted position, the seeds in a longi- tudinal section of the specimen appear, as in their natural growth, suspended ; but when the fruit is placed in an erect posture, the seeds then stand upon their large funicles, which are attached to the base of the columella, as they are correctly shown in Plate LVI. In consequence of this explanation the following corrections are needed :— ERRATA. Page 163, 11 lines from bottom, for suspension read attachment » 166, 2 lines from bottom, for suspended read supported » 167, line 2, for suspended read supported » 192, erase nob. and insert Berg in Linn. xxxi. p. 261. » 200, line 17, for ab hilo subsupero read ad hilum subinferum » » lime 18, for suspensa read sustenta » 902,11 lines from bottom, for suspensis read sustentis » 203, line 6, for suspended by read supported on » 205, under LECYTHIS LACUNOSA erase planta ignota: and insert ramis griseo-brunneis, in petiolo decurren pruinosis, subtus pallidioribus, opacis, costa utri reflexim marginato, subpuberulo, 14plo breviore : m VOL. XXX. x 318 MR. J. MIERS ON THE LECYTHIDACEA. And at the end add the leaves are 2-23 in. long, 1-13 in. broad, on petioles 13-23 lines long. A specimen of the fruit of this species in section, and another of L. tuberculata, both preserved in spirits, are deposited in the British Museum. Page 216, 17 lines from bottom, for suspensis read sustentis » 218, line 2, for suspensis read sustentis » » 8 lines from bottom, for suspensis read sustentis. „ 219, line 13, for suspended read supported for lateral read sublateral and dele alittle below the summit Û lines from bottom, for suspensis read sustentis‏ » رو » 220, 11 lines from bottom for suspensis read sustentis » 221, line 8, for suspended read supported — . » 304, under Plate XXXIV. fig. 13, between seeds and suspended insert as it appears and for summit read base » 910, under Plate XXXIX. fig. 2, for suspended by read attached to » 812, in Plate LVI. fig. 1, after collection insert with the seeds and funicles in their true position » » infig. 3, for suspended by read supported on ۱ » » infig. 4, line 2, for suspended by read supported on C. VOL. XX TRANS. LINN. So r TAN ; 5 3 x. OEA MIS 6 ¢ n GUSTAVIA. 5 a v Y ی‎ Ae COUROUPITA BERTHOLLETIA. „Lith Londen. y donald * " Maclure & Mac TAB. 34. (XX. TRAN S. LINN. Soc. VOL X "co Q M S Q m E on o w^ VASA. Babel rel ei rn MA vin si n aeos qeu nm IÓ e, d a ; 1 نون‎ TRIN Ge en 2 J (658 1 mo ee i PA Z 2 3 ۳ p^ or E KEN 3t j CA po & E vy PURE d : : Ja! ای‎ URS: 5 S JUGASTRUM COURATARL CARINIANA. RI ne ET “ora + cd ۳ a H" 2 ۹ در و یه‎ ee nenne سس سس‎ dad — ee ا‎ درون عم سب‎ ye apt t e te t gem dicent A سس س‎ ana OE > ws ee C-- a و هس‎ ginn An تیصو يتح‎ q mh TRANS. LINN. Soc. VOLXXX. TAB.36. ALLANTOMA CERCOPHORA. = SY vu ver nehkhr te TRANS Linn. Soc. VoL XXX. TAB. 37 BERTHOLLETIA. * REN mara د ی M‏ ———— NT mí tia eite 7 d doe xp 39. IRANS. Linn. Soc. VoL.XXX. TAB THIS URNIGERA a TRANS Linn Soc Von. XXX TAB 40 LECYTHIS VELLOZIALA 41 TAB XXX MED oa SEX TRANS. Linn. Soc. Vou TAB 42 d Lith Lon L. pılarıs VOL REX. Maclure k Mac TRANS Linn Soc LECYTHIS. ES LEN TEE ETF LEE TAB. 43 TRANS. Linn. Soc. VoL XXX er Er ec ie aa lae TRANS. LINN. Soc. VoL XXX. TAB 44. ~ tT" Seite 3 + مج‎ G ۱ wo 5 4 TAB Maclure X Macdonald, Lith London TRANS. LINN. Soc. VoL XXX LECYTHIS LACUNOSA. TRANS. LINN. Soc. VoL.XXX. TAB. 46. TNT RTT SENECA RENE LECYTHIS LANCEOLATA. r DILLAD AI TAB. 47. VOU RIX. C. VIOLIN T TRANS. LINN. So et id ND ieee : t ` PRO REM وس ی‎ citm crt oti وی ی ی‎ tlle OL. . TAB. 48 RANS LINN Soc. V T — LECYTHIS. Ay A, DRITT “T PSU ap EH 7 TRANS. Linn. Soc. VOL XXX. TAB. flamma INN. Soc. Vor. XXX. TAB. 50. T رد‎ TRANS di S 2 E» ax a Ya rd E 3 C) Ea H TRANS. Linn. Soc. VoL XXX. TAB. 51. E ما‎ cde! e LECYTHIS. "GIHILAOM' ""UOXÁ2ZM T : RIZ ALAS IQ z #3 TRANS Linn Soc VoL XXX TAB. 53. ¿a NS A 4 EN“ BR e LECYTHIS CRASSINODA. TRANS. Linn. Soc. Vou. XXX. TAB. 55. i: AU IN chus S aum n x A d I. ft > de "e L. tumefacía venusta Lb. Toc bd ae d‏ ی . Soc. VoL XXX. TAB.56 TRAN S. LINN DUDIXOD T ideae RAC ALTAR AINE UU ee ta‏ سرد وی re ar‏ — TRANS. LINN: Soc. VoL XXX. TaB. 57. y qu. d. QU OS‏ زر x adi‏ EH‏ ره cd‏ m E A MT nid geriet Per 2 » Lom 7 PER sae UI ED Vou XXX. TAB SA IRANS.LINN.Soc er ‘TRANS. LINN. Soc. VoL. XXX. TAB.59. Mi riri e, AS 1 C.ureeolata gat, N [bia AME ی‎ era í U am j Cldatiman .—— TRANS. Linn. Soc. Vou. XXX. Tas. 60. E.Fendlere esie Pax pi مت‎ تا‎ sl yl nm‏ ريز Tj JI. C y y MA I ruda IRANS.LINN. Soc. VoL XXX. Tab. 61. Ue. بای‎ X e Uv $ Iplatysp er 77m JU GASTRUM. TRANS. Linn. Soc. VoL XXX. TAB. ASUS. C. Guu 4 are. " u: eremum ier meia eem en Den Fe hae IE C Martz ESCERS. C y 1RA NS Linn Soc. VoL XXX. Tab. 62. E uahupensts. C. a C exc C.Lomestica. 64. VoL. XXX. TAB TRANS. LINN. Soc jn a PS ACRES te ria IO TAE cte ce cn RE "e. ~ a à ۳ crocarpa. Az cylindrica. A. dhetyocarpa. A. ALLANTOMA. eso. cl NN. Soc. Lr c D. TRAN وی ۱ M —Á—Ü a s n A. Scutellaia hella rut A. Bur Maclurs & Macdonald, Lith London ALLANTOMA. [E : VI. Systematic List of the Spiders at present known to inhabit Great Britain and Ireland. By the Rev. O. P. CAMBRIDGE, M.A., C.M.Z.S. . Read February 19th, 1874. DURING the last five years a constant communication and interchange of typical examples of spiders has been going on between Dr. T. Thorell, of Upsala, Sweden, Dr. L. Koch, of Nürnberg, Bavaria, Mons. Eugéne Simon, of Paris, myself, and others, with a view to a determination of the synonymie identity of the spiders recorded as indigenous to Europe, but principally to Sweden, England, Germany, and France. The results of this investigation have been published by Dr. Thorell in a most laborious and exhaustive work, lately completed, *On the Synonyms of European Spiders. The effect of this work is to give priority to names of many British Spiders, described by Mr. Blackwall and myself, other than the names they bear in our works; the time, therefore, appears to have arrived when a list, complete to the present time, of the known spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, under the names to which, according to the laws of priority, they appear to be entitled, seems to be a desideratum. Dr. Thorell, indeed (Syn. Eur. Spid. p. 471), gives a list of British Spiders ; but it is complete only to the date of Mr. Blackwall’s work the * Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland’ [1859-1864], since the publication of which the number of known indigenous species has increased by more than one half. The systematic arrangement pearing, as it did, to be too artificial an of Mr. Blackwall has not been adopted in this list, ap- d based on insufficient (though in some respects convenient) characters, and moreover never to have found favour with other puo gists. ‘The present arrangement (though it has no pretensions to finality) is d of a long and tolerably careful study of spiders from many and widely eem pc 0 the world. It begins at the opposite end to that where At Thorell = “5 ji egin their systematic arrangements; but it is yet in the main not very : c e d x of the former of those authors, as put forth in RE dd 3 : e = x European Spiders,” a work to which I am indebted for many m > by Mr. Blackwall and myself in former works‏ ارو نم ی ی تسس x guae been icd broken up, following mainly ur. rn.‏ b x asl in the work above mentioned. The genera Linyp > iecit an 4 alc i‏ í ho however, have been left almost as limited by Mr. Blackw. —no vis y a‏ as to myself, but because I have been as yet unable to arrive at a metho‏ f satisfactorily dealing with those difficult groups; though my attention ís at this moment of satis ۰ : $ t ۰ " . particularly directed pie ge onto considered to. be now entitled toa uu different fr i iuh. ior do til under which it was formerly published by Mr. ARE x dt om and prior | | U voL. XXX. 320 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS self, the name so published is added after the one to which priority appears to be due; and in all cases the name of the author to whom priority has been ascertained to belong - is appended in the usual way to the name of the spider, whether generic or specific. ` All other synonyms and references, as well as descriptions and figures, may be found in the following :— e i *A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, by JOHN BLACKWALL, Esq., Lond., 1859-64; together with papers by the same and other authors there referred to; and also other papers subsequently published by Mr. Blackwall in Annals & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1864—72. ii. Papers published by the Rev. O. P. CAMBRIDGE in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvii. pp. 393-463, pl. liv.-lvii., with papers by the same, there referred to ; also in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxviii. part 3, pp. 433-458, pls. xxxiii-xxxv.; and part 4, pp. 523-555, pls. xlv.-xlvi.; Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xi. pp. 530-547, pls. xiv. & xv.; Proceedings Zool. Soc. 1878, pp. 747—769, pls. Ixv. & Ixvi. iii. ‘On European Spiders, by Dr. T. Thorell. Upsala, 1869-70, pp. 1-242; and ‘Synonyms of European Spiders,’ by the same author. Upsala, 1871-73, pp. 1-644. Class ARACHNIDA, Order ARANEIDEA (or ARANEJE). Fam. THERAPHOSIDES. Gen. Arypus, Latr. Atypus piceus, Sulz. A. Sulzeri, Bl.*, ad partem (2). ——- affinis, Hichwald. A. Sulzeri, Bl., ad partem (3). Fam. DYSDERIDES. | Gen. Ooxors, Templeton. Oonops pulcher, Templ. Gen. ScHENOBATES, Bl. Schenobates Walkeri, Bl. Gen. DYSDERA, Latr. Dysdera Cambridgii, Thorell. D. erythrina, Bl. —— erocota, C. Koch. D. rubicunda, Bl. Gen. HARPACTES, Templ.=Dysdera, Bl., ad partem. Harpactes Hombergii, Scop. Gen. SEGESTRIA, Latr. Segestria florentina, Rossi. S. perfida, Bl. senoculata, Linn. = LI LI 3 i Here, and in ‘many other instances in this secondary pertion-of the list, the author quoted is not nece y the one to Whom the name attached to the spider is due; it «merely:points out that the author had adopted that specific name in some one or-more of his works above referred to. | BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. 1 Fam. DRASSIDES. | : Gen. MICARIA, C. Koch. = Drassus, Bl., ad part T Micaria pulicaria, Sund. D. nitens + D. micans, Bl. Gen. Drassus, Walck. = Drassus, Bl., ad p Drassus ferrugineus, Bi. Blackwallii, Thor. D. sericeus, Bl. reticulatus, Bl. —— sylvestris, Bl. . —— cupreus, Bi. troglodytes, C. Koch. D. clavator, Cambr. — — lapidicolens, Walek. —— pubescens, Thor. D. pubescens, Thor., Cambr. —— ? subniger, Cambr. Gen. GNAPHOSA, Latr. = Drassus, Bl., ad partem. Gnaphosa anglica, Cambr. D. lucifugus, Bl. —— lucifuga, Leach. Gen. PROSTHESIMA, L. Koch. = Drassus, Bl., ad partem. Prosthesima pedestris, C. Koch. Petiverii, Scop. D. ater, Bl. —— nigrita, Fabr. D. pusillus, Bl: electa, C. Koch. D. pumilus, Bl, Gen. CLUBIONA, Latr. = Clubiona, Bl., ad partem. Clubiona grisea, L. Koch. C. holosericea, Bl. terrestris, Westr. C. amarantha, Bl. —— pallidula, Clerck. C. Ta Bl. —— corticalis, Walek. , —— brevipes, Bl. comta, C. Koch. —— — trivialis, C. Koch. —— subtilis, L. A09. 8; pallens, B —— pallens, C. Koch. C. diversa, vd —— Tutescens, É. Koch. ©. assimilata, Cambr. — — neglecta, Cambr. —— formosa, Templeton, Bl. — holosericea, De Geer. voluta, Cambr. reclusa, Cambr. ; Gen. CHIRACANTHIUM, C. Koch. = Clubiona, Bl., ad partem. Chiracanthium nutrix, Westr. non Bi. سس‎ erraticum, Bl. “Clubiona erratica, Bl. — — carnifex, C 0. Koch. — Pennyi, Cambr s C. deinognaths, Cambr. 322 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS Gen. ANYPHENA, Sund. = Clubiona, Bl., ad partem. Anypheena accentuata, Walck. Gen. Acraca, Westr. = Agelena, Bl., ad partem. Agroeca brunnea, Bl. proxima, Cambr. Gen. Liocranum, L. Koch. = Clubiona, Bl., ad part. + Agelena, Bl., ad part. + Drassus, Cambr., ad part. Liocranum domesticum, Reuss- Vid. —— gracilipes, Bi. ۱ preelongipes, Cambr. ——— P? celans, Bl. Gen. HECAERGE, Bl. - Hecaérge maculata, Bl. H. spinimana, Bl. —— nemoralis, Bl. Gen. PHRUROLITHUS, C. Koch. = Drassus, Bl., ad partem. Phrurolithus festivus, C. Koch. Drassus propinquus, ۰ Fam. DICTYNIDES. Gen. Enzsvus, Walck. Eresus cinnabarinus, Oliv. Gen. DICTYNA, Sund. = Ergatis, Bl. Dictyna arundinacea, Zinn. Ergatis benigna, ۰ uncinata, Westr. E. arborea, Cambr. —— pusilla, Wesir. —— latens, Fabr. 0 variabilis, C. Koch. E. pallens, Bl., var. Fam. AGELENIDES. Gen. ARGYRONETA, Latr. Argyroneta aquatica, Clerck. Gen. AMAUROBIUS, C. Koch. = Ciniflo, Bl., ad partem. Amaurobius fenestralis, Stream. A. atrox, Koch, Bl. سس‎ similis, Bl. ferox, Walch. Gen. LETHIA, Menge, = Ciniflo, Bl., ad partem. Lethia puta, Cambr. —— humilis, Bi, —— Mengii, Cambr. Gen. Ccrorzs, Bl, Czelotes atropos, Walck. C. saxatilis, Bl. —— ? meerens, Cambr. ——? immaculatus, Cambr. Gen. AGELENA, Walck. = Agelena, Bl. Agelena labyrinthica, Clerck. —— Hyndmannii, Templ., Bl. —— prompta, Bi. Gen. TEGENARIA, Latr. | Tegenaria Guyonii, Guér, T. domestica, Bl. atrica, C. Koch. | — — campestris, C. Koch. — — Derhamii, Scop. T. civilis, Bl. cicurea, C. Koch. | Gen. TEXTRIX, Sund. ; Textrix denticulata, Oliv. T. lycosina, Bl. —— boopis, Cambr. Agelena boopis, Cambr. Gen. CRYPHÆCA, Thor. = Tegenaria, Bl, ad partem. Cryphæca silvicola, C. Koch. Gen. Hannıa, C. Koch. = Bl., ad partem. Hahnia elegans, Bl. nava, Bl. Agelena subfusca, Cambr. montana, Bl. Fam. SCYTODIDES. Gen. SCYTODES, Latr. : Scytodes thoracica, Latr. Fam. PHOLCIDES. Gen. PhoLcus, Walek. Pholcus phalangioides, Fuessl. Fam. THERIDIIDES. Gen. Errsixvs, Walck. = Theridion, Bl., ad partem. Episinus truncatus, Gen. PHOLCOMMA, Thor. = Theridion, Pholcomma gibbum, Westr. Gen. THERIDION, Walck. = Theridion, Bl., ad on Theridion formosum, Clerck. T. sisyphum, DI. tepidariorum, 0. Koch. riparium, Bl. سس‎ sisyphium, Clerck. T. denticulatum, Walck. — — familiare, Cambr. varians, Hahn. tinctum, Walck. — — simile, C. Koch. Cambr., ad partem. pervosum, Bl. BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. Walck. Theridion angulatum, Bl. Theridion projectum, Cambr. 323 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS Theridion venustum, Walck.?, Creer. coracinum, C. Koch. —— triste, C. Koch. —— spirifer, Cambr. —— pulchellum, Walek. سس‎ ? auratum, Templ., Bl. — bimaculatum, Zinn. T. carolinum, JValck., Bl. —— albens, Bl. —— pallens, ۰ Gen. Nesticus, Thor. = Linyphia, Bl., id Ades Nesticus cellulanus, Clerck. Linyphia erypticolens, Bl. Gen. PHYLLONETHIS, Thor. = Theridion, Bl., ad partem. Phyllonethis lineata, Clerck. ——— instabilis, Cambr. Theridion sabia Cambr. Gen. DIPENA, Koch. = Theridion, Bl., ad partem. Dipcena melanogaster, C. Koch. Theridion congener, Cambr. Gen. STEATODA, Sund. = Theridion, Bl., ad diuque Steatoda bipunctata, Lina. sticta, Cambr. ——— guttata, Reuss- Wid. prona, Menge, Cambr. —— ? hematostigma, Templ. Bl. — — versuta, Bl. Gen. BURYOPIS, Menge. = Theridion, Bl., ad partem. Euryopis inornata, Cambr. Theridion inornatum, Id. —— Blackwallii, Cambr. | —— — ? fusca, Bl. —— flavomaculata, C. Koch. Gen. AsAGENA, Sund. = Theridion, Bl., ad partem. _ Asagena phalerata; Panz. Theridion signatum, BL Gen. NERIENE, Bl., ad partem. Neriene atra, Bl. N. longipalpis, Bl. nec und. —— longipalpis, Sund. — promiscua, Cambr. —— dentipalpis, Reuss- Wid. ——— graminicola, Sund. ——— pascalis, Cambr. —— nigra, Bl. — —— tibialis, Bl. —— longimana, C. Koch. N. vagans, Bi. — — pygmeea, Bl. BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. Neriene rufipes, Sund. N. munda, Bl. rubens, Bi. M 7 isabellina, C. Koch. N. rubella, Bl. ——— bifida, Cambr. x —— vigilax, Bl. —— herbigrada, Bl. —— Huthwaitii, Cambr. affinis, Bl. — — dentata, Reuss- Wid. — — fusca, Bi. agrestis, Bl. | — — retusa, Westr. N. elevata, Cambr.. ——— uncata, Cambr. gibbosa, Bl. — — tuberosa, Bl. apicata, Bl. —— cornuta, Bl. bituberculata, Reuss- Wid. excisa, Cambr. Clarkii, Cambr. latebricola, Cambr. —— fugax, Cambr. —— neglecta, Cambr. livida, ۰ albipunctata, Cambr. Drepanodus, Menge. rufa, Reuss- Wid. N. rubripes, Bi. abnormis, Bl. ? saxatilis, Bl. Sundevallii, Westr.‏ سس — — lucida, Cambr. — — viaria Bl. — — lapidicola, Thor. N. rufipes, Bl. ica, Bl. er 0. Koch. N. gracilis, Bl., + N. flavipes (BL). penicillata, Westr. N- corticea, Cambr. incisa, Cambr. — — innotabilis, Cambr. سس‎ subtilis, Cambr. conigera, Cambr. — — cornigera, Bl. —— pallipes, Cambr. —— decora, Cambr. سے‎ anomala, Ca 325 326 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS Neriene pavitans, Cambr. —— clara, Cambr. —— prudens, Cambr. ——— morula, Cambr. —— mollis, Cambr. —— arundineti, Cambr. —— formidabilis, ۰ ——— aspera, Cambr. —— aperta, Cambr. —— hispida, Cambr. —— furva, Bl. —— pulla, Bl. —— lugubris, Bi. ——— avida, Bl. ——— timida, Bl. —— minima, Walck. N. parva, Bl. —— bicuspis, Cambr. —— sulcata, Bl. —— dubia, Bl. —— montana, Bl. ——— pilosa, Templ. Bl. —— pallidula, Templ. Bl. —— carinata, Templ. Bt. Gen. WALCKENAERA, Bl. Walckenaéra subeequalis, Westr. W. fortuita, Cambr. pratensis, Bl, —— brevis, Reuss-Wid. W. depressa, ۰ —— brevipes, Westr. — — scabrosa, Cambr. —— Meadii, Cambr. — — preecox, Cambr. —— incurvata, Cambr. —— diceros, Cambr. —— saxicola, Cambr. —— Hardii, Bi. cuspidata, Bl.‏ سس —— unicornis, Cambr. —— monoceros, Reuss- Wid. —— obtusa, Bl. — — nudipalpis, Westr. punctata, Bl.‏ سس sordidata, Thor. W.atra, Bl.‏ سس BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. Walckenaéra parva, Bl. turgida, Bl. bicolor, Bl. bifrons, Bl. — — exilis, BE — — Vete, Jb — humilis, Bl. affinitata, Cambr. cristata, Bl. — — cucullata, Koch. antica, Reuss- Wid. permixta, Cambr. ——- fuscipes, Bl. cirrifrons, Cambr. —— ignobilis, Cambr. scabrieula, Westr. W- aggeris, Cambr. ——— parallela, Bl. [ Reuss- Wid., non Westr.). pumila, Bl. obscura, Bl. ——— flavipes, Bl. hiemalis, ۰ ——— latifrons, Cambr. implana, Cambr.‏ س Beckii, Cambr. ——— picina, Bl. —— pusilla, Reuss- erythropus, Westr. —— — nemoralis, Bl. — — ludicra, Cambr. — —- similis, Cambr. س‎ altifrons, Cambr. Thorellii, Westr. —— nodosa, Cambr. __— trifrons, Cambr. frontata, Bl. acuminata, Bl. —— — furcillata, Menge. Gen. PACHYGNATHA, Sund. Pachygnatha Clerckii, Sund. Listeri, Sund. —— Degeerii, Sund. | —Linyphia, Bi., ad partem. Bl., Reuss- Wid. W. fastigata, Bl. Gen. TAPINOPA, Westr. Tapinopa longidens, VOL. XXX. Wid. W. minima, Cambr. W. borealis, Cambr. 327 328 | SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS Gen. LINYPHIA, Latr. = Linyphia, Bl., ad partem+Neriéne, Bl., «d partem +Theridion, Bl., ad partem+ Bathyphantes, Menge, ad partem. Linyphia frenata, Bl., Reuss- Wid. — — thoracica, Reuss- Wid. L. cauta, Bl. —— nebulosa, Sund. L. vivax, Bl. —— leprosa, Ohl. L. confusa, Cambr. — — minuta, Di. — — tenebricola, Reuss- Wid. L. terricola, Bl., + L. tenuis, Bl. — obscura, Bl. —— variegata, Bl. Neriene variegata, Bl. —— lepida, Cambr. —— alacris, Di. ——— albula, Cambr. circumcincta, Cambr. —— setosa, Cambr. ——— socialis, Sund. —— luteola, Bl. L. alticeps, ۰ —— alticeps, Sund. —— crucigera, Bl. ——— cristata*, Menge. Bathyphantes cristatus, Menge. سس‎ explicata, sp. n, N. L. decolor, Cambr. سس‎ cingulipes, Cambr. —— flavipes, Bl. nigrina, Westr. L. pulla, ۰ —— pullata, Cambr. — Meadii, Bi. approximata, Cambr. ——— dorsalis, Reuss-Wid. L. anthracina + L. Claytonie, Bl. gracilis, Bl. eriezea, Bl. circumspecta, Bi. —— angulipalpis, Westr. —— experta, Cambr. ——— errans, Bl. Neriene errans, Bi. —— oblonga, Cambr. — — rufa, Westr. : —— bicolor, Bl. Neriene bicolor, BE —— linguata, Cambr. ——— retieulata, Cambr. —— — prudens, Cambr. ——— arcana, Cambr. : * This € is now recorded for the first time as British. It was received in 1872 from Mr. J. Hardy, by whom it was found in Berwickshire, and has hitherto been confused with L. explicata, sp. n. (L. decolor, Cambr.). BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. 329 Linyphia eontrita, Cambr. — — parvula, Westr. L. longipes, Cambr. Bathyphantes longipes, Menge. inconspicua,. Cambr. oblivia, Cambr. oblita, Cambr. —— microphthalma, Cambr. | —— pallida, Cambr. E. decens, Cambr. | —— — finitima, Cambr. concolor, Reuss- Wid. Theridion filipes, ۰ insignis, Bl. | | impigra, Cambr. ; —— clathrata, Sund. Neriene marginata, ۰ | — — furtiva, Cambr. — — buceulenta, Clerck. Neriene trilineata, ۰ ——— marginata, C. Koch. L. triangularis, Bl. —— montana, Olerck. L. marginata, Bl. triangularis, Olerck. L. montana, Bl. —— peltata, Reuss- Wid. L. rubea, Bl. —— pusilla, Sund. L. fuliginea, Bl. — — hortensis, Sund. L. pratensis, Bl. — pernix, Bl. nigella, Bl. ——- pulchella, Bi. —— farva, Bi- | — — tenella, Bi. | —— natata, Templ., Bl. | Gen. Eno, C. Koch.— Theridion, Bl., ad partem. Tien | | Ero thoracica, Reuss- Wid. T. variegatum, Bl. Mace Ne Fam. EPEIRIDES. Gen. Mura, C. Koch. = Epeira, Bl., ad partem. Meta segmentata, Clerck. Epeira inclinata, Bl., + E. Mengii, B3. — — Merians, Scop. Epeira antriada, Bl., + E. celata, ۰ ___ Menardi, Latr. Epeira fusca, Bl. Gen. TETRAGNATHA, Latr. | Tetragnatha extensa, Linn. | e Gen. CYRTOPHORA, Sim. = Epeira, Bl. ad patea: | Cyrtophora conica, Pall. E. conica, Bl. Gen. SINGA, C. Koch. Epeira, Bl., ad partem. Singa hamata, Clerck. Epeira tubulosa, Bi. 390 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS ` Binga pygmsea, Sund. Epeira anthracina, Bl. — sanguinea, C. Koch. Epeira Herii, Bl. سس‎ albovittata, Westr. Epeira calva, Bl. Gen. CERCIDIA, Thor. = Epeira, Bl., ad partem. Cercidia prominens, Westr. Epeira bella, Meade. Gen. ZILLA, C. Koch. = Epeira, Bl., ad partem. Zilla x-notata, Clerck. Epeira similis, ۰ — — atrica, C. Koch. Epeira calophylla, Bl. Gen. EPEIRA, Walck., Thor. = Epeira, Bl., ad partem. Epeira cucurbitina, Clerck. - ——— adianta, Walck. —— ceropegia, Walck. —— alsine, Walck. Epeira lutea, Bl. — — dioidea, Walck. E. albimacula, ۰ —— diademata, Clerck. E. diadema, ۰ —— scalaris, Walck. —— angulata, Clerck. —— arbustorum, C. Koch. E. bicornis, Bl. —— agalena, Walek. —— cornuta, Clerck. E. apoclisa, Bl. —— patagiata, Clerck. سس‎ sclopetaria, Clerck. E. sericata, Bl. —— quadrata, Clerck. —— umbratica, Clerck. acalypha, Walck. solers, Walck. —— Youngii, Cambr. signata, Bl. —— ornata, Bl. Fam. ULOBORIDES. Gen. ULOBORUS, Latr. = Veleda, Bl. Uloborus Walckenaerius, Latr. Veleda lineata, Bl. Gen. Hypriores, Walek. = Mithras, Bl. Hyptiotes paradoxus, C. Koch. Fam. THOMISIDES. Gen. Tuomisus, Walck., Thor.=Thomisus, Bl., ad partem. Thomisus onustus, Walck. T. abbreviatus, Bl. Gen. Misumena, Latr.=Thomisus, Bl., ad partem. Misumena vatia, Clerck. Thomisus citreus, Bl. —— truncata, Pall. Thomisus horridus, Fabr., Cambr. BY THE REV. O. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. 391 Gen. DIZA, Thor.=Thomisus, Bl., ad partem. Disea dorsata, Fabr. Thomisus floricolens, ۰ 2 formosa, Bl. | Gen. Xysticus, C. Koch. = Thomisus, Bl, ad partem. Xysticus cristatus, Clerck. ——— viaticus, C. Koch, Cambr. ——— pini, Hahn. Thomisus audax, Bl. —— cinereus, Bl., sp. inc. — — lanio, C. Koch, Cambr. sabulosus, Hahn. brevipes, Bl., sp. inc. —— lynceus, Latr. T. atomarius, Bl. luctuosus, Bl. morio, C. Koch. Cambridgii, Bl. — Gloveri, Bl. erraticus, Bl. — — ulmi, Hahn. Thomisus Westwoodii, Cambr. — — bifasciatus, C. Koch. — — luctator, C. Koch. X. impavidus, Thor. T. Cambridgii, Cambr. praticola, C. Koch. Thomisus incertus, Bl. claveatus, Walck. —— sanctuarius, Cambr. trux, Bl. atomarius, Panz. T. versutus, Bl. ___ horticola, C. Koch. T. pallidus, Bl. simplex, Cambr. Gen. PHILODROMUS, Walck., Thor. = P Philodromus dispar, Walck. — — margaritatus, Clerck. — — aureolus, Olerck. — cespiticolus, Falck. preedatus, Cambr. — — Olarkii, Bl. variatus, Bl. — — mistus, Bl. — — elegans, Bl. — — fallax, Sund. h. — Philodromus, Bl., ad partem. hilodromus, Bl., ad partem. P. pallidus, Bl., + P. jejunus, Cambr. P. deletus, Cambr. Gen. Tuanarus, C. Koc Thanatus oblongus, Walck. __— hirsutus, Cambr. 332 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS Gen. MICROMMATA, Latr. — Sparassus, Bl. | Micrommata virescens, Clerck. S. smaragdulus, Bl., + S. ornatus, Bl., var. ۱ Fam. LYCOSIDES. Gen. OcYALE, Sav. — Dolomedes, Bl., ad partem. Ocyale mirabilis, Clerck. Gen. DoLOMEDES, Latr.=Dolomedes, Bl., ad partem. Dolomedes fimbriatus, Clerck. D. fimbriatus, ‘BI. D. ornatus, Bl., var. jun. Gen. PIRATA, Sund. = Lycosa, Bl., ad partem. Pirata hygrophilus, Thor. L. piscatoria, Bl. piscatoria, Clerck. L. De Greyii, Cambr. —— piratieus, Clerck. L. piratica, Bl. سس‎ latitans, Bl. —— leopardus, Sund. L. cambrica, ۰ Gen. TrocHosA, C. Koch.=Lycosa, Bl., ad partem. Trochosa biunguiculata, Cambr. ——— cinerea, Fabr. L. allodroma, Bl. picta, Hahn, | ruricola, De Geer. L. campestris, Bl. | —— terricola, Thor. L. agretyca, Bl. | Gen. Lycosa, Latr.=Lycosa, Bl., ad partem. | Lycosa amentata, Clerck. L. saccata, Bl. —— agricola, Thor. L. fluviatilis, Bl. —— Traillii, Cambr. ; —— Farrenii, Cambr. —— lugubris, Falck. —— pullata, Clerck. L. obscura, Bl. | —— nigriceps, Thor. L. congener, Cambr. | —— herbigrada, Bi. | | —— palustris, Linn. L. exigua, Bl. —— monticola, Clerck. | Gen. TARENTULA, Sund.=Lycosa, Bl., ad partem. | Tarentula miniata, C. Koch. L. nivalis, Cambr. L. miniata, Id. | —— pulverulenta, Clerck. L. rapax, Bl. cuneata, Clerck. L. armillata, Cambr. —— andrenivora, Walek. —— fabrilis, Clerck. Fam. SPHASIDES. Gen. Oxyorzs, Lofr.—Sphasus, Bl. Oxyopes lineatus, Latr. BY THE REV. O, PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE. 399 Fam. SALTICIDES. Gen. EPIBLEMUM, Hentz.=CALLIETHERA, O. Koch.—Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Epiblemum scenicum, Clerck. Saltieus histrionicus, C. Koch, Cambr. S. scenicus, Bl., saltem ad partem. cingulatum, Panz. Salticus scenicus, C. Koch, Cambr., et Bl., ad partem ? | affinitatum, Cambr. S. affinitatus, Cambr. | Gen. HELIOPHANUS, C. Koch. = Salticus, Bl., ad partem. | Heliophanus cupreus, Walck. i expers, Cambr. | flavipes, C. Koch, Cambr. Gen. BALLUS, C. Koch. = Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Ballus depressus, Walek. Salticus obscurus, Bi. Gen. MARPESSA, C. Koch.=Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Marpessa muscosa, Clerck. Salticus tardigradus, Bl. t Blackwallü, Clark. 1 —— nigrolimbata, Cambr. 8. nigrolimbatus, ۰ Gen. Evorurys, C. Koch. = Salticus, BL, ad partem. Euophrys frontalis, Walck. promptus, Bl. reticulatus, Bl. —— sequipes, Cambr. — — petrensis, C. Koch. Salticus eoecociliatus, Cambr. f: Gen. Puınaus, C. Koch. = Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Philæus chrysops, Poda. S. sanguinolentus, Linn., Cambr. Gen. Arrus, Walck.=Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Attus pubescens, Fabr. $. sparsus, Bl. S. terebratus, Cambr. S. pra- tincola, Id. caricis, Westr. 7 —— notatus, Bl. — — Jenynsii, Bl. ; سس‎ gracilis, Bl., Sp. me. —— n poor S. distinctus, Bl. — — xanthogramma, Bl., sp. ine. | falcatus, Clerck. 8. coronatus, Bl. | | —— grossipes, Degeer ?, Cambr. citus, Cambr. floricola, C. Koch, Cambr. Bl., ad partem. Gen. ÆLurors, Thor. = Salticus, Ælurops fasciatus, Hahn. i | ; Pa 334 — ~q — اس‎ jp اسر اسم‎ DARDOS wwe SHSAISKESESSSSSENRRRESSESSSE SYSTEMATIC LIST OF BRITISH SPIDERS. Gen. YLLENUS, Sim.=Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Yllenus V- insignitus, Clerck. S. quinquepartitus, Walck., Cambr. —— saltator, Cambr., Sim. ۰ floricola, Bl. Gen. SALTICUS, Latr. = Salticus, Bl., ad partem. Salticus formicarius, Walck. : Summary of Genera and Species of Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Schoenobates Dysdera . Harpactes Segestria Micaria . Drassus . Gnaphosa Prosthesima Clubiona . Chiracanthium . Anyphena . . Agreca . . Liocranum . . Hecaérge . Phrurolithus . Eresus . Dictyna . Argyroneta . Amaurobius . Lethia . Celotes . . Agelena . . Tegenaria . Textrix . Crypheeca . Hahnia . . Scytodes . Pholcus . Episinus . . Pholeomma . . Theridion Nesticus . . Phyllonethis . Dipena . Steatoda . . Euryopis. Asagena . Species. 3 سر سر وج سر وج سا و f» QN‏ - Or HK RAH o m DEE سر‎ HOE M OUO C? ون ون‎ TH HD dO جر سا‎ Genera. . Nenene . . Walckenaéra . Pachygnatha Tapinopa . Linyphia. : HE . Meta . ea . Misumena Diea . . Xysticus. . Philodromus . Thanatus . Micrommata - Ocyale Dolomedes . . Ballus Total, 78 Genera; 457 Species. Species. . 76 . 55 c‏ — سر ron.‏ نب جات وه کج nn 6 ۵ pur mm m‏ تس با و ون 5 و سر وق ون oe heo‏ وچ بت THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME XXX. PART THE THIRD. A ت‎ ee سس سس‎ ne LONDON: PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION OOURT, FLEET STREET: SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S APARTMENTS, BURLINGTON-HOUSE; GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER- ROW. AND BY LONGMANS, M.DCCC.LXXV. : M px 7 [ 835 1 VII. Revision of the Suborder Mimosex. By Gronds BENTHAM, Esq., F.R.S. (Plates LXVI.-LXX.) Read June 18th, 1874. I HAVE within the last few years had occasion to lay before the Society some observa- tions on two groups of plants which, however different in most respects, are both of them remarkably distinct in their circumscription, and as constantly uniform in those cha- racters which it has been the custom to regard as the most essential. To the two might, indeed, have been assigned equal grades in the hierarchy. of the Natural System, were it not for the enormous disproportion in the number of their species. Upon abstract prin- eiples, Cassia and Composite might equally well be treated as good genera ; both are per- feetly isolated ; the pistil and seeds are uniform in each ; the variations in the corolla are scarcely more marked in the one than in the other; the andreecium and fruit present perhaps more important diversities in Cassia than in Composite : but Cassia has only 350 species, whilst Composite number 10,000. Cassia has therefore been universally retained as a single one, or at most only three genera, whilst Compositee are variously divided into from 750 to 1200 genera. I have now to offer a few remarks on a third group, almost as definite in cireumscription, and intermediate, as it were, between the two as to uniformity and numbers. The 1200 Mimose: are as uniform in their pistil as the 350 Cassias and 10,000 Composite; the corolla is more uniform than in either; the andrecium and fruit are, as in Cassia, much more varied than in Composite. Like Cassia, the Mimosex were established by Linnzus as a single genus; and perhaps, if Composite had not been so largely extratropical, and consequently presented ‚to ‚his observation in eonsiderable numbers, if he had only known that proportion of tropical forms which he possessed of the two other groups, he would probably have considered them also as forming only one or three genera; or, on the other hand, had not his specimens of Mimosex been so very few and meagre, or fragmentary, he would probably , from the first, have divided them into at least three genera. At the present day Cassia, almost restricted constitutionally to the shrubby nae arborescent plant-form and tropical climate, and even there not prospering as a race in all stations, has remained within 1 ae d is still regarded as a single genus, divisible into manageable limits as to numbers, an TR = BE three marked sections. Mimosez, which, with one great southern exception, remained constitutionally, as well as geographically, within "jmd gos — À a se Caseta have, however, nearly four times as many species, an ra vain a 3 a aborde divisible into three marked tribes and some ibis ^ 0 : y E ; an nodus with their prevalent herbaceous or low shrubby plant- prm, vis ng espe- : i , f ountain climes, shunning only low tropical forest ands, have ply in aM of Cassia, and have accordingly been sub- i i f species ordin an gam d on characters which in Cassia and divided into innumerable gone often founde 14 VOL. XXX. P 7 336 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJE. Mimosez would scarcely be considered specifie—a disproportionate treatment probably aggravated by the circumstance of the small number of botanists who have access to good working-materials in Cassia and Mimosez, whilst every beginner has Compositee at hand to exercise his ingenuity in discovering minute differences in the pappus, the bracts, and other reduced organs, in indumentums or in stigmatic papille. | After Linnsus, the subdivision of his Mimosa into several distinct genera was first proposed by Willdenow, as based chiefly on the fruit; and his views have been generally followed out. Poiret, in the Supplement to the Encyclopædia, adopted his genera as sub- genera of Mimosa, which he still retained in its substantive collective character. Des- fontaines, in the third edition of the Catalogue of the Paris Garden, united most of Willdenow's genera with Acacia. De Candolle, in 1825, with materials but little better than those which Willdenow had at his disposal, and in the absence of specimens of a large proportion of that author's species, reinstated his genera, adding a few exceptional species as monotypic or small genera. Martius, working on a limited number of Brasi- lian species, without any general survey of the group, proposed several additional genera founded upon Willdenow's principles; and when, in 1842, I undertook the publication - of the rich collections, chiefly American, of the Berlin, the Hookerian, my own, and a few other herbaria, I found the limits and cireumscriptions of the genera so confused and vague, that I thought it necessary to remodel them, ab initio, upon principles somewhat different from those which had till then prevailed, giving especially a first rank to cha- racters derived from the androecium, which had been in a great measure disregarded. Twenty-seven years have now elapsed since I completed a series of Synopses in Hooker's Journals; and my genera appear to have been favourably received by the generality of botanists, with the exception, however, of Grisebach, who, misled sometimes by mis- matched specimens, or by misunderstanding some of the characters I had given, has reverted to the preeminence of carpological over staminal characters. Here and there also individual botanists who have met with pods apparently different from those of their congeners, have proposed monotypie genera, upon grounds which appear to me insuffieient. On the other hand, I have within these twenty years had the opportunity of inspecting a large number of typical species in the herbaria of Paris, Berlin, Vienna, Munich, Geneva, and Turin, and, on the occasion of working up the suborder for the Flora Brasiliensis, found reason to modify several of the details of my former Synopsis, to confirm a few of the genera about which I had some doubts, to give greater precision to the characters of others by the transfer of a few species to which, from insufficient specimens, I had assigned a wrong place, and especially to clear up a large number of doubtful synonyms. I have therefore thought the following general revision, with short characters for the whole of the speeies, might not be unserviceable to future inves- tigators, to whom I must now leave the task of dissipating the obscurity which still pre- vails over a considerable number of them. I would also commence by a few observations on the generic characters I have adopted, and on geographical distribution. The primary importance I attached to the staminal character appears to have stood the test of subsequent experience. No ambiguous species have presented themselves to invalidate the delimitation of the three great groups, nearly equal in point of numbers :— MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE ۰ 337 Eumimosee, with definite stamens; .4caciee, or the genus Acacia, with indefinite stamens, free or very shortly and irregularly united at the base in the centre of the flower; and Inge, with indefinite stamens united, at least at the base, in a tube sur- rounding the pistil. Grisebach, it is true (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 220), rejects the character because “ decandrous species still exist among Bentham's Acacie and Calliandre, e. g. A. tamarindifolia, W., and C. mollissima, Benth." But, as to one of them, he has mis- matched the flowers of Mimosa with the fruiting specimens of the true Acacia tamarindi- folia, which has always above 50 stamens; and Calliandra mollissima, although figured by Kunth as having 10 stamens, appeared to me to have them few, indeed, but variable in number; and they are accordingly described by Kunth as being about (not exactly) 10; they are also monadelphous at the base, not free as in the truly decandrous genera. A secondary character, however, by which I had separated Adenantheres from Eumi- moseze, the presence of a glandular appendage to the anthers, has failed in a few instances. The genera Parkia, Piptadenia, and Prosopis, in which the anthers are usually pro- vided with that appendage, have each of them one or two species in which it is wholly wanting, even in the unexpanded flower; and Desmanthus, where it is usually deficient, has a Madagascar species with a minute eland sometimes, if not always, present. Xylia also, which I had inadvertently placed among the eglandular genera, has, on the con- trary, very prominent glands to the anthers. I have now been able to introduce as a new generic character, apparently absolute, and especially useful for distributing the Eumimosee into two subordinate groups, but Which I had formerly neglected, the presence or absence of albumen in the seeds. I was, indeed, aware that Schleiden and Vogel (Nov. Act, Nat. Cur. xix. part ii, 68) had ascer- tained the existence of albumen in some seeds only of Mimosew ; but as they also stated that they found no constancy in this respect in the same genus, as I had not then the opportunity of verifying the eircumstance in a sufficient number of cases, and as I was aware of the variability in this respect in some natural genera, such as Polygala, I did not feel justified in making amy use of it in my generic characters. I now find, from the examination of a large number of seeds, that the albumen is constantly present or absent in each genus, as modified in my synopsis, although variable in some Willdenowian genera. Schleiden cites, as examples of inconstancy , three species of ی و سيم‎ thocarpa, A. farnesiana, and A, Berteriana, in which albumen 1s present, whilst in tl ß ` ons. But of those three the first is, in its majority of species the seeds are exalbuminous. Er. xpi stamens and other characters, a Mimosa, and not an Acacia, A. farnesiana is a true Acacia; but I think there must be some mistake on the part of Schleiden. I have £n many specimens grown in widely different examined half a dozen seeds taken from as y spe i of them. The seed is much thicker localities, and found no trace of albumen in any o! n. : وه‎ than in most species, the cotyledons remarkably thick, giving the embryo a globular or o thick in this as in several other of the - the testa is als ovoid shape, not at all flattened ; the intermediate layer of it is somewhat cartila- : : rather us 1 Gummifere, and the inner OF, , O amen of Mimosa; but it is continuous, : : | arance ginous, having almost the ron: the seed, not tapering towards the margins of the and of equal thiekness throu 1 on ; 2% | ner lining as from the outer coating of cotyledons, and is inseparable as well from the in i 9 ۲ 9 ۷ 338 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE Æ. the testa, and remains so after soaking for days; whilst the true albumen of Mimosa is quite detached from the testa, and after soaking for a day or two resolves itself into a transparent jelly. In Acacia Berteriana, which proves to be identical with my Pithe- colobium fragrans, belonging to an exalbuminous group, I do find within the testa, on each side of the embryo, a small quantity of an almost gelatinous substance, the origin of which remains to be ascertained. It is certainly different in many respects both from the undoubted albumen of Mimosa, Leucena, and their allies, and from the above-men- tioned inner coating of Acacia farnesiana ; but whether it is an exudation from the inner seed-coating, or a real albumen, as supposed by Schleiden, remains doubtful. I find no trace of it in the seeds of the nearest allied species, Pithecolobium polycephalum. The universally acknowledged importance of carpological characters in the general classification of phenogamous plants has induced the majority of botanists to rely mainly upon them for the detailed subdivision of Mimosez, with results above alluded to as being far from satisfaetory. There are species of Piptadenia, of Acacia (Vulgares), and of Albizzia, of which the pods can scarcely be distinguished from each other, whilst in flowers and all other characters these Piptadenie are much more nearly allied to Ade- nanthera or Entada, the Acacie (Vulgares) to Acacie (Gummifere), and the Albizzie to Pithecolobium, all with very different fruits; and the great diversities in the pods of some of the most natural groups, such as Acacia (Phyllodinee), Acacia (Gummifere), Inga, Mimosa, &e., may be seen by a glance at Plates LXVI. to LXX. The modifications of the pod are, indeed, rarely structural, more frequently limited to outward form, con- sistency, or degree of dehiscence, characters resulting from diversity of development during enlargement as they approach maturity, affording no indication at or immediately after the period of fecundation ; as, however, in some instances the characters derivable from the pod have acquired so great a degree of constaney as to be really available for the separation of more or less natural groups, it may be useful to pass in review such of these differences as have been, or may be, made use of with more or less of advantage. The consistency of the pod, that is of the pericarp, thin and papery, thicker and coriaceous, woody, thick and spongy, or fleshy and suceulent, has lost much of its sup- posed value, as almost all the varieties are observable in one or two species, at least, of the natural and well-defined genus Acacia; the fleshy or succulent pericarp upon which the genus Inga was originally founded, entailed the including in it many species which are more naturally distributed in the 'genera Parkia, Stryphnodendron, Pithecolobium, and even Acacia, and is by no means constant in Inga itself, the pod of several species of the sections Leptinga and Bourgonia being apparently dry and coriaceous; the suceulent pod, however, is nearly general in Inga, Parkia, and Stryphnodendron, pre- valent in Pithecolobium, very rare in Acacia, Calliandra, and Piptadenia, and never observed in Albizzia, Mimosa, Leucena, or perhaps in any genus with albuminous seeds except Stryphnodendron. With regard to dehiscence, or the separation of the two valves at maturity, the absolute difference between the dehiscent and nondehiscent species is not very defined. Generally indehiscent in Inga, usually, but by no means always, dehiscent in Acacia, Piptadenia, and Albizzia, very variable in Pithecolobium, the pod is, I believe, always MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE E. j 339 dehiscent in Calliandra, and in all the genera with albuminous seeds. The mode of dehiscence gives sometimes rather more available generic characters; for it appears to depend rather more upon internal structure. The obliquely elastic woody pods of Pentaclethra have been commented on by Oliver (Trans. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 415). The elastic dehiscence of Calliandra neatly characterizes a large group which was at first thought to be geographical as well as natural, having been supposed to be strictly limited to the warmer regions of America. "Three or four species are now known to exist in tropical Asia ; these, however, are all very distinct and but little-varying species, and all of very limited area, and may be set down as in all probability old races in the course of extinction, whilst the American races appear to be in the full vigour of life, mul- tiplying, varying and spreading, with specific limits often as yet very ill-defined; and in future ages it may be expected that Calliandra, with its elastieally revolute pod-valves and other characters, may become a more and more distinetly natural as well as geographical genus. A similar dehiscence, but accompanied by very different floral characters, is observable also in three species of Acacia (A. nigricans, A. obscura and A. strigosa), forming a small distinct group, with a very limited range, in the neigh- bourhood of King George's Sound, in South-west Australia, and in two or three northern species of the phyllodineous group, all of them apparently very local; the character is ` Otherwise, as far as known, strictly confined to the Calliandre of the true American type. The closely united nerve-like margins of the two valves, persistent after the remainder has fallen away leaving a so-called replum, is eminently characteristic of the genera Entada, Mimosa (including Schrankia) and Lysiloma, and is not, as far as I am aware, to be met with in any other genus. It is, therefore, perhaps the most important cha- racter derivable from the fruit, and is almost always well marked when the pod can be observed at or near maturity. It is only in one or wo of the small thiek-fruited species of Mimosa that the margins appear sometimes to split with the valves at the apex of the pod; and in Acacia Guachapelle, H., B. et K., which I have transferred with some hesitation to Lysiloma, this margin has appeared to me to remain quite consolidated on the exterior or dorsal edge of the pod, but to split with the valvés on the inner ventral or seminiferous edge. This requires, however, further investigation from perfectly ripe fruits, which have not been ‚observed. The plant is, moreover, an exceptional one, a native of Guayaquil, with the habit and flowers of us more eastern tropical — Pithecolobium Saman, and of the Asiatic Albizzia Lebbeck, both with very dif- ns seem valves—that is, the separation either of the whole pod or of its deciduous | PE istent margin at maturity into distinct articles by a transverse valves within the persisten ften been given as an absolute character sufficient ar has 0 1 division between each two seeds, ies from all others, however closely allied in all other Sim مس‎ Mandl marked in the majority of nr of 2 =. v; is by no means constant either in the whole genus or m en 1 bs crm im ; quina d into which it can be divided, whilst in enin nn, ee of یبویا‎ a d i and even in some single species either of Eumimosa Meticutose cantho- 340 i MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. carpæ it appears to be vaguely defined or variable, depending perhaps in some measure on soil and weather. The articulation is less decided in the thick fleshy or hard pods of a few species of Pithecolobium, both from the Old and the New World, and of Acacia concinna, and in the flat pod of Albizzia stipulata, several of which species have been proposed as genera solely on account of this articulation. In Entada and Plathymenia it is limited to the endocarp, from which the valves fall away with the margin in Plat- hymenia, usually without it in Entada. The twisting of the valves after dehiscence of many species of Pithecolobium and of the common Adenanthera, the development of a spongy or pithlike endocarp of Prosopis, . the central longitudinal wings or angles on the valves of Tetrapleura and Gagnebina, the woody texture of the valves of Xylia, are all very secondary characters, more or less distinctly exemplified in scattered species of the very natural genus Acacia. Of the nature and origin of the * pulp” which has been supposed to characterize the pods of Inga, Pithecolobium, Prosopis, Stryphnodendron, Dichrostachys, Acacia farne- siana, &c., I can find no good account; and it is very difficult to form an opinion from dried specimens. In most cases it appears to be a development of, or an exudation from, the endocarp or inner layer of the substance of the pericarp ; in Inga it is described as a “ pulpy arillus,” which the dried fruits do not enable me to verify. In most, perhaps in all, species of the section Unguis-cati of Pithecolobium, the funicle is dilated into a fleshy arillus, often half enveloping the seed, but of a very different aspect from that of the remains of dried pulp often adhering to the seeds of Inga. That any real development of the funicle, however constant in the above-mentioned section of Pithe- colobium, is not generally of much beyond specific importance in Mimosesze, is evidenced by the extraordinary variety in the forms of the funicle in the Australian Acacia, noted in the specific descriptions in my Flora Australiensis. In considering the systematic value of the characters by which the different ۶۵ are to be distinguished, it is further necessary to take into account how far they may have been affected by geographical distribution. In this respect I need not here refer to such plant-forms as the arborescent, the herbaceous, the scandent and others, in respect of which the Mimosez afford no data different from those derived from plants generally, and which have been worked out by Grisebach, in as far as dependent on external physical conditions only ; but there are a few others which may require a short mention, as resulting in some measure from genealogy, acting independently of or in combination with physical and other causes. | The phyllodineous development of the common petiole of the leaves, with a total arrest of the pinnz and leaflets in all but the seedling and first following leaves, is an essentially Australian character, and yet cannot well be attributed to physical influences. It extends equally over the whole territory in its varied climates, spreading sparingly to the islands of the Pacific, but is limited in the Mimosex of these regions to the single genus Acacia. It is exemplified, however, in no less than 270 Australian species. There are no traces of the tendency in Asia or in Africa. In South America it reappears in à slight degree, but affecting a different group of the suborder. Two Brasilian species of Mimosa and an extratropical one of Prosopis, as also, if I was correct in the deter- MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 341 mination of a single small specimen in the Berlin Herbarium, a San-Domingo species of Mimosa, have the leaves reduced to single phyllodia. No peculiar connexion of the phyllodia with any local circumstances has been observed. The simply instead of doubly pinnate foliage is, in the suborder, exclusively American, and definitely characterizes a large genus (Inga including Afonsea), without any trace of it in any other genus of American Mimosex, nor even in the nearest allied of Asiatic forms, no passage from the one to the other either in the same species as in Gleditschia, Ceratonia * or Moldenhauera, or in the different species of one genus as in Cesalpinia, thus raising the character to the rank of a good generic one. The general tendency of frutescent plants in stony deserts to degenerate into spinescent scrubby almost leafless shrubs, is exemplified also in a few Mimoses, such as some Acacie in Australia, Dichrostachys in Africa, Prosopis and Mimosa in extratropical South America, but without exhibiting any thing of a genetic character. The develop- ment, however, of prickles and of spinescent stipules appears to be influenced by genea- logical as much as by physical causes. The prickles (aculei), whether scattered or in- frastipular, are characteristic of groups of Piptadenia, Mimosa (including Schrankia) and Acacia, variously dispersed over America, Asia, and Africa, but have never found their way into Australia, and are unknown in all other genera of Mimosem. When hooked, they are particularly developed in scandent species, which they aid in sup- porting ; but there are scandent species in other genera which entirely dispense with their aid. | There are three east-tropical Asiatie species of Albizzia (A. Millettn, A. rufa, and A. pedicellata), a genus otherwise absolutely without thorns or prickles, in which, how. ever, a peculiar hooked appendage is often developed under the leaf, which hardens into a woody hook, and appears to partake more of the nature of a thorn than of an epidermal prickle, although its position bears no relation to any u. developed pi qme in nf other Mimosea, the infrafoliar prickles of a few species of Mexican or of African Acacie are, like the infrastipular ones, strictly epidermal. The species bearing these hooks are not reported as climbers, and are sometimes noted as arborescent ; no such hooks = known in any other Mimoseæ ; and the circumstances favouring i ose són gd few species, only observed in South China, Malaeca, and Java, are as y irely unknown. Spinescent stipules are met with in various groups, especially in the deacie — and Pulchelle, and a fow Phyllodinee, in a very few Calliandre and P pooped m in Mimosa, Albizzia, Inga, nor in the smaller genera, and, as far as e gem 0 "py Pe always independent of physical conditions. These spinescent stipu ma in : e ctm Gummifere, whether from tropical America, Africa, or Asia, offer i a ne; menon of an extraordinary development ER n pm pum MENU uv 2. t of them, assuming the aspect of horns of cattle. Such hornlike enlarger | 4 os à ‘ons: but as far as the information of collectors can be relied on, generalin dry hof Meets ted by them are from the richest moist forest-regions of many of the p ever appear to affect the whole of the stipules of any one OPEM gem n sim. Rendic. R. Accad. Se. Naples, 1874, March. 342 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ bush, varying in degree of development in the several pairs of stipules of the same branch, but affeeting special forms and tinges of colour, from an ivory-white to a livid purple, for each species. They are generally hollow, with a small opening in one horn of each: pair leading to the cavity, which is continuous throughout, and, in America at least, are usually, like the swellings at the base of the leaves of some South American Melastomacez, in the stems of some South American Labiatee, or Malayan Rubiacex, &c., tenanted by colonies of stinging ants, much to the annoyance of collectors. For careful observations as well as for speculations on the supposed relation of these abnormal developments to the preservation of the species as well as to the welfare of their tenants, I may refer to Belt's most interesting * Naturalist in Nicaragua,’ p.218. I am not aware of any special attention having been paid to them in the Indian peninsula, in Arabia, or North-east Africa, where these productions abound; nor are we informed even whether they are there, as in America, occupied by ants. I know of no instance where any similar enlargement takes place in the spinescent stipules of the Australian Acacie of the Phyllodinee or of the Pulchelle groups, nor in those of Pithecolobium, section Unguis-cati, or of Calliandra colletioides, C. geminata, &c. Very much, there- fore, has yet to be observed before we can be said to be well acquainted with the history of these productions; all that can now be stated generally is, that they appear to be the combined result of hereditary constitution, of soil and climate, and of the working of ants, What share eaeh cause has had in the general effect remains to be as- certained. The geographical dispersion of the more essential differences in character, such as the limited and indefinite number of stamens, the glanduliferous and eglandular anthers, the agglomeration and freedom of the pollen-grains, the albuminous and exalbuminous seeds, and even the succulent and dry, as well as the articulate and inarticulate pods, would tend to confirm that conclusion of the antiquity of these differences which we might derive from the consideration of their systematic importance, i. e. of their stability and definiteness; and that antiquity must have been remote enough for the differentiation to have taken place during a period previous to the geographical disruption of the race of Mimosex consequent on the change from a former to the present physical and geological configuration of the earth's surface. For of all the above pairs of distinctive characters both types have been developed in the Old World as well as in the American forms, and not very differently so. We only observe generally that definite stamens, albuminous seeds, and suceulent articulate and indehiscent pods have been more favoured in the New than in the Old World, and are unknown in races of Australian birth except in a very few belonging to the north-eastern region and forming part of the Indo-Australian rather than of the strictly Australian flora; whilst the Old-World developments have been chiefly in the direction of the characters more or less specially distinetive of or connected with the genus Ácacia. Upon the principles commented upon in the foregoing notes, the Mimosee are con- veniently divided for systematic purposes into the 29 genera, forming 3 tribes, as detailed in the latter portion of the present paper; but in considering, as I shall now proceed to do, their genealogy and geographical distribution, more natural grades of subordination TUN (ts He pecca tn A ee AMIGO ee M: sepiaria, &e., the history of whose b SU mo MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 943 may be exemplified by distributing them into 7 tribes or collective genera, and 46 genera or subgenera, viz. :— 1. PENTACLETHRA, almost as near to Cæsalpinieæ (Dimorphandra) as to Mimosex proper. 2 species. 9. PARKIA, also partaking of a Ceesalpinieous «estivation, but much nearer to Mimosez proper. 2 sub- genera, 16 species. 8. Pırranenıex. Definite stamens. No albumen. 7 genera or subgenera, 53 species. 4. ADENANTHERE. Definite stamens. Albuminous seeds. Anthers usually glanduliferous. Pod usually succulent, spongy, or woody. 9 genera or subgenera, 39 species. 5. Eumimosra. Definite stamens. Albuminous seeds. Anthers usually without glands. Pod usually dry, thin or coriaceous. 6 genera or subgenera, 312 species. 6. Acacra. Indefinite stamens, all free, or the central ones united at the base. No albumen. 6 sub- genera, 429 species. 7. Inorz. Indefinite monadelphous stamens. No albumen. 15 genera or subgenera, 408 species. In the investigation of the history of the Mimoseæ thus constituted, the first point that strikes us is that we have fewer indications-of great antiquity in their case than in that of the Compositee or of the Cæsalpinieæ (to which Cassia belongs). We have but of doubtful affinity, isolated genetically, none of those remark- of long geographical isolation. The generic or sectional races common to regions now widely separated are neither numerous nor varied ; and the common or representative species in the New and the Old World are remarkably fev. This may be in some measure owing to the tropical character of the suborder. If it be true that long periods of great, but gradual, refrigeration and of restoration of heat have followed each other on our globe, and that to such a degree as at one time to have almost extinguished tropical heat, or at another to have melted down arctic glaciers, in each case creeping on slowly from region to region, and forcing, as it were, the gradual migration of races that can endure a temperate or cool climate, they would have no such effect on plants requiring more extreme temperatures, and especially on those accus- tomed to extreme heat. If no place of refuge unaffected by the change were at hand they would simply perish; and their migrations, their actual p " "dp gid separated by apparently insurmountable haie can scarcely be explained bui by the 1 i causes actually in operation, : i ig pa of land d water very different from what it now is. How far this dispersion in the case of Mimoses can be attributed to the one or the other cause may best be considered by taking severally the known instances of species common to the few well-marked species, able insular forms indicative or else by the supposition of an ancient New and the Old World. udi : | ies, such as Pithecolobium dulce, Mimosa pudica, Nedavyindle isum A T ین‎ E into the Old World from the New is gh they are now 0 abundant in many parts of the collectors and described as indigenous. These | g shown by these and other modern and well authenticated, seals Old World as to be frequently sent by col a are only mentioned here to show the facility for colonizin species of the suborder. lena, and Calliandra portoricensis, nthus virgatus, Neptunia p Leucena glauca, 0 | nists from America into the Old World, might perhaps be added to the list of modern colo | 22 VOL. XXX. 944 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. although the evidences of their transmission are not so positive as in the ease of the two first-mentioned species. iu The Mimosez really common to the New and the Old World, without any evidence of modern transportation, or any reasonable doubt as to their having been established in both hemispheres, are, I believe, only four— Entada scandens, Neptunia oleracea, Mi- mosa asperata, and Acacia farnesiana. Entada scandens varies from a trailing shrub to a gigantic climber, well known for its enormous sabre-like pods. It is widely spread over tropical Asia, and especially abundant in some parts of tropical Africa, and is also said to be frequent in several of the West-Indian Islands, as well as in the Isthmus of Panama and other parts of Central America, but scarcely extends into South America, except perhaps in a few places along the northern coast. It isa very distinct though variable race, no other species being closely allied to it. The genus is common to South America and tropical and south- eastern Africa ; the species most numerous in the latter continent, and amongst them are those which, upon the whole, approach the nearest to the Æ. scandens. It might be con- jectured, therefore, that this species had its origin either in eastern tropical Africa, or in that extent of land, now submerged, which many naturalists suppose to have extended far to the eastward of tropical Africa; and it may at some time have been carried out to the West Indies, although no means of transport previous to the discovery of America have been suggested. The species is sufficiently prevalent near the coasts for its seeds to find their way into the sea; and the sea will certainly carry them (possibly with masses of sea-weed) to great distances. They are occasionally thrown up on the shores of Britain, and those thus cast up have been made to germinate; but this is only one of many instances of drifts having been brought by the gulf-stream from the West Indies to the North European coasts; none that I know of are recorded of drifts from Africa reaching the West Indies. This wide geographical disseverance of Entada scandens (of which Gyrocarpus Jacquini affords another instance) remains to be accounted for. Neptunia oleracea is an aquatic plant whose floating stems root at the joints, and spread rapidly in any slow-running tropical river or large piece of fresh water into which they may have been introduced. It was found abundantly in tropical waters by the early botanical explorers of South America, as well as of tropical Asia and Africa. The genus has several species in extratropical North America, in tropical Asia, and in Aus- tralia; but these belong severally to three groups, distinct from the N. oleracea; the only species really nearly allied to it is the terrestrial N. plena, abundant in South Ame- rica, but perhaps, as above mentioned, a colonist only in the Old World, where it is scarce. We might conclude, therefore, that N. oleracea is a species of South-American origin, carried over perhaps in comparatively ancient times by some of those agencies which are known to facilitate the dispersion of aquatic plants, although they have not yet been fully investigated. | Mimosa asperata is a very common weed, if such a word can be applied to a tall shrubby plant, over the greater part of South America, where it passes almost gradually into more than one allied species, and which is also the country of the whole group to which it belongs, It may therefore be concluded with but little hesitation that it is of MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 945 American origin; and yet its wide distribution over tropical Africa and the Mascarene islands, where it was found by early explorers in widely different localities, seems to show that it was already there before the discovery of America, and that in a form or variety which is precisely one of the commonest in South America. It cannot very reasonably be included among the remains of some primitive flora from which those both of Africa and South America have been derived; for in that case it would have followed the example of others which give evidence of such a common origin, and would have diverged into specially African varieties or representative species. We must therefore, upon such data as we as yet possess, come to the conclusion that, like the Neptunia oleracea, it has been carried over in early days from South America to Africa independently of human agency, although not enjoying the peculiar facilities for such transport exemplified in aquatie plants. The dispersion of Acacia farnesiana is more difficult to explain. It is now very abundant in almost all countries enjoying a tropical or subtropical climate, both in the New and the Old World; but it has been so long cultivated for the scent of its flowers, and spreads so readily from cultivation, that it is in east tropical South America, as in Asia and Africa, most frequently recognized as a colonist only; but yet it is said to have every appearance of being really indigenous in the Indian archipelago, and perhaps in tropical Africa; and it was gathered by the early explorers in tropical Australia. Its real home, however, is most probably Western America. It ranges there from Chili to Mexico and Texas, varying considerably, and passing not only into the closely allied species or variety .4. cavenia (which is exclusively American), but also sometimes scarcely to be distinguished from some forms of the A. tortuosa and eyen of 4. macra- Bebe hor Tee seats region ; whilst in the Old World it departs but little from the common cultivated form, and has no very near allies, none nearer than the tropical African 4. Sieberiana, which, however, is only connected with it through the American i herefore, as far as can be judged from the A. macracantha. Acacia farnesiana may t : 1 data before us, like Mimosa asperata, be set down as a colonist only in the Old World, although a very ancient one. If, however, we may be justifie order Mimosex, now found to be ident d in considering these few species of the tropical sub- ical in the New and the Old World in countries now so widely separated by apparently impassable barriers, as ge wee — colonists from the one to the other, as having passed from the one y san " ee = er physical conditions not very different from those which و زب کی‎ e: iie different with representative or nearly allied spectes. These, apum. i ined i fm i ;4 and on Composite, or explained in some of my I have adopted in my notes on Cassia an po uadit dose of : ۱ f a co nu: "MGE es ee m or both of the now aE ge As to what was this common stock, whether identical with or cui deum z un in one of the regions, or more or less distinct from oe Gm sid Sapa sane a in any part of the present dissevered common us > cre ~ by subigit formerly in connexion with the s Lie from the scantiness of the data at our geological changes,—these are qu 222 346 | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ command, must be in a great measure speculative or conjectural, but which may yet be deserving of a passing notice. Under this head of representative Mimosee in the two hemispheres we may fairly include the following nine :— | America. Old World. PENTACLETHRA FITAMENTOSA. Common in North Brazil PENTACLETHRA MACROPHYLLA. Limited range in west and Guiana, extending to Central America, and tropical Africa, without any Old-World connex- connected, though not very closely, with the Brazi- ions. lian Dimorphandre. Prerapenta RIGIDA. South tropical and subtropical PIPTADENIA AFRICANA. West tropical Africa, extend- Brazil and Paraguay, and closely connected with ing perhaps aeross to the lower Zambesi, but with- a series of tropical Brazilian species. out any newly allied Old-World species. MIMOSA POLYANCISTRA and M. cERATONIA. West Indies Mimosa NAMATA and M. RUBICAULIS. East India, the and Central America, and closely connected with former (so near to the American species that one several species ranging from Brazil to Mexico. variety is scarcely distinguishable from M. polyan- LEUCÆNA DIVERSIFOLIA. Tropical Mexico, and con- Lzvoxxa Forsrerr. South Pacific islands, from New nected with several species from West Tropical Caledonia to Tahiti, without any near Old-World America. connexions, ACACIA MACRACANTHA. West tropical America and Acacia SIEBERIANA. Western tropical Africa, with a West Indies, with several closely connected tro- limited range, the nearest Old-World connexions pical American species from the same region, some in South Afriea, but not nearly so close as the with a wider range. American connexions of A. macracantha. ACACIA LACERANS. Brazil. A distinct species, but Acacia PERVILLET. Madagascar. No Old-World species rather- more nearly connected with allied species approaching it nearly so closely as the A. lacerans. s Ss same country than is the case with A. Per- vitet. ACACIA PANICULATA and A. RIPARIA. Both with a wide Acacta PENNATA and A. casta. Both with a wide range over tropieal America, and connected with range over tropical Asia, and one, if not both, ex- several other species common over a great part of tending over tropical Africa, connected with two the same area more local species, one from south-east Africa, the other from the Malayan archipelago. In studying the above list, the first point which strikes us is the marked American character of seven out of the nine pairs of species. They are there surrounded bya numerous, flourishing, and widely diffused kindred, whilst in the Old World they are comparatively, or even absolutely, isolated and limited to small areas. A hasty con- clusion might therefore class them with the identical species of the previous list as old colonists, distinguished only as having acquired their idiosynerasy by a longer isolation. But a further consideration discloses a marked difference in the two cases. Although time and isolation are important elements in the modification of races, yet it requires something more to produce a change of specific character. Circumstances must have occurred to bring natural selection into play. A race which has acquired a prosperous stability by having settled into a constitution suited to the circumstances in which it is placed, will, if brought to colonize in a country offering similar conditions, most likely there also preserve its identity for an indefinite period, or become too slightly modified to be specifically distinguished. But it is different with a race gradually ex- tending itself in different directions over bordering regions where physical or social con- ditions are more or less modified. In the former case, notwithstanding the innumerable, Genera or Subgenera. America. Old World. "nal. 1 isolated sp. | P. macrophylla, Africa, 1 isolated sp. as | PENTACLETHRA ..---- E: er East tropical, p rag eg oup as the |4 or 5 East Asiatic and Archipelago sp. ۳ A Teer 3 Bae ad i n "g^ pe p با‎ ae (not all as yet sufficiently known), an d Columbi forming ing a rather distinct 3 African sp. all of a subgenus repre- Pune. ted in America. 1 from the Indian MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 347 although slight, variations produced in every generation, not one, either in the parent or in the adopted country, may succeed in superseding the typical form fixed through a long period of unchanged circumstances. But as this typical form gains a footing in new ground under new conditions, it may gradually become modified by natural selection at both extremities of its thus extended area. The divergencies thus established will probably, as I have on several occasions observed and specially exemplified in my Cassia paper and in my Address of 1870, be in different directions in the two new countries, however similar the external conditions may be in both. ‘Two new species will be pro- duced, all the more distinct if the typical form comes to disappear with the country which gave birth to it. "Thus it is that we have representative species in distant regions having a common origin, but not derived the one from the other as in the case of colonists. Returning now to the list, and keeping the above considerations in view, we may con- ceive that Acacia Sieberiana and A. Pervillei may have been colonists from America of very ancient date, whieh have become slightly modified from their typical forms, A. ma- cracantha and A. lacerans, although even here we should have much doubt; and all the others suggest rather a common descent only from some typical race more or less distant from both its descendants. This places them in the same category as widely dissevered congeners, which we may now proceed to consider. The following table exhibits such natural generic or subgeneric groups of Mimosee, as we find represented in both the New and the Old World, in their respective propor- tions and characteristic relations. The representative species of the last table are here again included; but the few identical ones which have, as it were, lost their nationality are passed over :— J sen EE Archipelago, described as very different, but unknown to me. None from Aus- i : inflorescence of | 7 Africa ENTADA ...........>» 3 sp. 1 Brazilian, with T oa یی‎ None from Asia, Australia, or the Mas- the African ones; ; ۱ tro- carene islands (except E. scandens of the DE doen identical table). r E : * on tend- | 4species. 1 African, a chiefly western re- PIPTADENIA ...----+ 33 sp., chiefly Brazilian, pnt 24 er من‎ M an Ami die n ing westwa * the Old- World above; 1 East Indian, apparently local ‚ing to the same nt > sections unrepre- (in Oude), with a slight affinity to a ones, 9 gra, World. Columbian sp.; 1 Madagascar, very dis- sented in the tinet ; the 4th African, but insufficiently known to be certain of its genus. None Australi dm " and | 3 sp. 2 West Asiatic, scarcely tropical, Pomorie... ses ار‎ 120r 13 sp» either € sec- Propia] African, those of each countr southern وین‎ :n the Old World. forming a section distinct from the tions unrepresented In American ones. None in Australia or the Mascarene Islands. ن PRSE H iig cuc c pM‏ 348 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. Genera or Subgenera. America. Old World. on n‏ و و و و و و و و 4 € erê OE Mruosa (RubIcAULES). . AcacrA (GUMMIFERA) SUMMIBRACTEATJE. — — MEDIBRACTEATE.. —— — BASIBRACIEATA.. Acacia (VULGARES) Prrnxcotosrum (Sama- NEA) SUBARTICULATE. 4 sp. Ups the identical noe» 2 tropical and 2 northern extratropical 9 sp. 2 widely-spread tropical and sub- opieal wee northern و‎ and subtropical. About 15 species, spread over tropical Ame- rica, the representative ones and their nearest allies chiefly from the West Indies and Central America. The whole genus, very abundant within and near = Ale containing about 270 Ame- an sp., all (except the above 15 and the identical M. asperata) belonging to groups unrepresented in the Old World. sp., all western tropical, or northern subtropical, 9 sp., all western or West Indian. 2 sp., Mexican-Texan, resembling some of the Old-World species, but scarcely representative 5 sp., Mexican-Texan or Central American, all well marked. .| 42 sp. mai 24 ی‎ or Columbian, and most of them n extended The genus contains also 2 d s to a group (Filicine) not O very far from Central Ameri Nearly 100 sp., chiefly tropical, scarcely separable into distinct groups, many of them very variable, and some of rather extended areas, 2 or 3 found beyond the tropics north or south. 5 sp. Brazilian with 1 western," the section containing also 3 other groups (18 spe- Syra purely — and the genus rican sections with iod 60 species. 3 8 1 from the Indian Peninsula, too di- tin assed as representative of or the Mascarene Islands (except the e r one , Madagas car, very distinet from the eh of the genus. None in Asia, Africa, or tlie except as modern colo- nis 8 sp. The two representative ones Asiatic, the other 6 Mascarene or east tropie frican ; none fro us a or west tropical — re no others of the genus in the O d World, except the. identical M. pene 1 sp. South Pacific Islands; none in Asia, ica, or Australia. 4 sp., all African. 1 west tropical, and re- presentative of an American one; 3 south extratropical. About 40 sp. 27 or 28 African, of which 2 northern extratropical, 9 southern ex- tratropical, 16 or 17 tropical, 1 extend- and west ninsula, all well marked. No Mascarene or Australian 24 sp. 3 spread | over tropical Africa and Asia, 7 confined to tropical Asia, 9 to tropical Africa, 4 to South Africa, 1 Mascarene. No Australian. The genus contains also nearly 300 sp. be- longing 3 از‎ sections or groups, of which the Phyllodines alone are onmes by 5 Polynesian and 1 Mascar spec: very distinct, although more or less alied to American forms. None in Africa or gea comet 4 sp. 1 from tropical Australia and the (ren 1 hon the Indian Penin- sula and Ceylon Madagase species of this Old- World section. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE X. 349 The following genera are limited to one of the two hemispheres :— Genera. Old World. ELEPHANTORHIZA .... .. مه و و و و و ۰ v. 9 9. «t و و و و ۰ a‏ + هم م ۰ و مه ...+ .. و و وه weine . ۰ . wann syo nee IN A و‎ @ .. 9 o£ 3 9 do 9 € 9 5 9 ^ o3 9 & .. . v o 6 n o» » o. ^on p t «o... ...| 9 sp., Brazil and Guiana. No close affinity | 3 sp., Brazil. Properly a section of Inga. ^c. except a general one with the 4 follow- ing Old-World genera. o's 9 »à 9*9 $9 à» ها‎ s! M4 9.59999. E A O o DER E Eg NU ON NOTAE laca lo‏ 49 و او و و و 6 sp., of which 2 Brazil to Columbia, 4 dei. Extratropical, or Central, all forming more appropriately an Ame- rican section of Mimosa than an inde- pendent genus. i : 10 sp.,Columbian, West Indian, and Mexican, ite unrepresented in the Old World. . ۰ IE DA ee 5 sp., Brazil to West Indies, properly a sec- tion of Pithecolobium. ...o+..ss DOUG y Qum بش‎ A ری ی وی‎ to E vee ۵‏ و و و او Paes nic eee OS a giu PA S a io R‏ ۰ erica, 1 or 2 sp. only crossing About 140 sp., spread over all parts of tro- pical Ameri nl the tropies north or sou t separated 2 sp. extratropical or subtropical South a, 1 sp., East India and the Archipelago, with i affinities. 3 sp., tropical Africa. 3 1 sp., Mascarene. 1 sp., South Afri Prosopis. 7sp. 4 African, tropical or southern sub- 40 sp., 5 sp near the Entade of the same country. no immediate 2 tropical Asia, 1 tropical Australia. A e above four genera distinct, but gene- rally allied to Stryphnodendron and tropical, 1 Mascarene, 1 Indo-Austra- lian, 1 Australian tropical. A distinet genus, generally allied to Prosopis and ' ' Neptunia. ica, Mascarene Islands, Asia to Afri and Australia, slightly corresponding ium of the American section Pithecolobium (2 Mexican sp.). . 1, Malacca and the Archipelago; 4, islands of the South Pacific. 2 sp., tropical Australia. | The last 2 genera perhaps sections of Pithe- | colobium. | | pe 2.22 E The distribution of the species in the two hemispheres may be generally summed up in the following table, in which I have no the American regions from each without definite limits; but I have been able . other; as being too much blended together, ۱ to ‘ees owes regions, with but very few overlapping species which have to be repeated in two or more columns. 350 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۷ ۷ ۰ ` Genera and Subgenera. America. | Africa. —€— E Asia. | Polynesia. | Australia. | Total. Pek PORT A se ae : - 1 2 E O 3 8 6 | 19 » PARYPHOSPHERIA .......... 7 . INVADE: a da eR ICH e 4 8 3 11 8 || ELEPHANTORHIZA ....eeen o n 9 = 9 H ball. هم‎ ws oe ve 2 er > ill. 2 3 4 | PIPTADENIA EUPIPTADENIA.......... y 2 1 $ E: s » ^ITYROCARPA .....+.++.++ e : = » BOE ییا‎ vov 4 E: aD E 1 1 STRYPHNODENDRON ...... etn 8 J > ea d 8 : A a os oo AO a as > 3 1 4 S TENUERE rd UN 3 si 5 3 2 CAMINA e ca IRAE E e be 2i 1 1 t< | Prosopis ALGAROBIA .....-.... ss 13 en “= : 3 » ^ ARORA E 1 P. & : 16 E 95. AD Lis cro e n i ix s 2 ; "TI odana o, وی‎ CI : 1 > = v 1 Diem: cs à 4 1 1 2 7 RE A O rere ده‎ 5 1 1? 2» 2 8 g memes BL مه‎ sews : 9 1 1 ux TN 10 a ORE EDMINOBR. هه هه‎ 30 ex > is .. E A a bi. 141 3 5 2 \ Yi SUI LL DEN LL C Rer horae 6 dw RE 6 Im essen 8 E 1 9 Acacia Pure... à 1 1 4 271 BOUHEYONFRALAE La ees ron : : ; E 10 h^ RULO il e = 5 0 : MED o eser) 17 35 iis 9 4 = pj. CUM es eo a 42 22 1 9 E s OFUIIEB زاجم ها‎ 2 à = J II LORON iecit sor ee aes 10 و‎ - IV: DOLEO. union و‎ LX 95 i 1 4 id is 100 We RE ER Er 21 5 18 6 5 52 PITHECOLOBIUM UNGUIS-CATI ........ 19 ne xs r: E e = XU ای ار‎ a = à 19 1 3 | A ABAREMOTEMON ...... 18 m c . . “+ à » ARMA uuo 24 1 1 2 1 [» 108 &4 » ORTHOLOBIUM ...... 2 = i xs . A $s 1 16 i . | CHLOROLEUCON ...... 6 ; ۰ ENTEROLOBIUN .......... E تس‎ 5 : 9. BADEN S a ic kee. es 1 4 .. > ANOR OB دم ی ما‎ d . . 2 A AR oI Me IR 140 . 140 CTRA es oe kee. AN 3 Tribes. America. | Africa, — Asia, | Polynesia. | Australia. | Total. EDER ee Te a, 1 1 A ae ; . 2 PA AS 10 3 e 6 s 19 Los. QU o e 40 12 1 3 i 54 IIA ces 21 9 2 6 T. 3 40 BE را موی ای‎ As 299 4 7 4 1 2 311 RE 61 57 2 19 4 293 432 Inge را‎ L, 331 22 TIL 11 11 405 Total Mrxosgm.......... 763 108 19 82 16 V RUNS NET m PRIN Ret m YN MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEX. , 351 In considering the data supplied by the above tables, the most striking feature is the great American predominance not only of the whole order, but, if we deduct those Australian and African Acaeie which have less of a tropical character or are quite extratropical, of every tribe and of the great majority of the genera and principal sub- genera. Piptadenia, Prosopis, Mimosa, two sections of Acacia, five sections of Pithe- colobium, and Inga, with a few of their minor satellites, show each a large number of American species, mostly of a comparatively extended area and rich in varieties ; whilst Asia has only Albizzia, one section (Clypearia) of Pithecolobium, and in a less degree two sections of Acacia, exhibiting the same character; and Africa is still further deprived of Clypearia. This high degree of recent luxuriance and prosperity of American races, however, can by no means be relied upon as evidence as to local origin, or even as to comparative remoteness of antiquity ; for that may rather be sought for where there are the greatest number of highly differentiated monotypes or oligotypes of limited areas and fixed characters, exhibiting the last remains, as it were, of expiring races; and these are undoubtedly to be met with chiefly in the Old World, in the first place in East Afrien and the Mascarene Islands, and secondly in the Malayan archipelago. But this question of what might have been the original birthplace of Mimosez is involved in too much obscurity, and the few conjeetures that might be hazarded are connected with too great a variety of disputed geological conditions and histories to be here discussed. It may suffice to observe that there is every reason to suppose that the seven tribes, and a few at least of the genera or subgenera, had been differentiated and spread over the common area whence the tropical floras of America and Afriea had been derived, for a sufficient time before its disruption or disappearance to allow of their being all com- municated to both the regions now so widely dissevered. A few words may also be devoted to the consideration of how the several races have subsequently prospered in each of the hemispheres, as far as can be judged of by the present aspect of what still survives. Of the several races which have entirely perished in the one or the other hemisphere, the records are, I believe, as yet too few and imperfect to form the basis of ti y conclusions. €— pai isis in both hemispheres, inhabiting the moist forest regions of North Brazil and Guiana in America, and of west tropical Africa in the Old World, The two species are in the present day generically isolated and specifically distinct. Neither of them shows any tendency to €T , - p socie toni سیر‎ : iring races. They may also be ۳ harte = ya se hus (Dim orphandrez) than with Mimoseze, and perhaps with some of those races which, like Cassia (P icte), had lon 8 left ۳3 pP moriens, in Africa, and in Australia, If the nearest connexion, Dimorphandra, is purely Ame- rican, the next step, Erythrophleum, is common to Africa and Australia. : d hical character of Pentaclethra, but more extended, It is Karkia. AMA ed from the common stock of Cesalpiniee and Mimose:e, u E - 2 — It is still luxuriating in the moist forest regions of both ut much nearer to the ۰ ۱ SR Ä fedes ue DM Hn proinde 4 or Bimpecios 1n. te Malayan VOL. XXX. 352 y MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. archipelago and neighbouring Asiatic districts (not extending, however, to Australia), and about 3 African ones, all nearly allied, variable, and of rather extended range. In America it has gone further. Besides 3 Brazilian species, not very far removed though specifically distinct from the Old-World ones, it has developed into a mere local subgenus Paryphospheria, of which 5 species are known from North Brazil, Guiana, or Columbia. I say nothing at present of a few imperfectly described Malayan-archipelago species, such as P. singularis and P. sumatrana, Miq., of which I have seen no specimens, as it appears very uncertain whether they really belong to the genus. The Piptadeniee, or Mimosez with definite stamens, exalbuminous seeds, and alode always glanduliferous anthers, including 7 genera or subgenera, have the geographical cha- racter of the order—39 American species in 5 genera or subgenera, of which 3 are endemic, 12 African in 3 genera, of which 1 endemic, 1 Mascarene species, and 3 Asiatic in 3 genera, of which 1endemie. Of the 5 (or perhaps, rather, 4) genera, Piptadenia, belonging to the moist forest regions, in its typical and what may be presumed to be the nearest to the original form, has representatives in all four countries—in America 24 species, chiefly east of the Andes, but with lor 2 extending westward to the Pacific, several of them with a wide range as well as variable, besides 9 species belonging to two distinct genera, but with similar specific wide range and variability, especially the Miope, in Africa 2 species (one of them imperfectly known), in the Mascarene islands 1, and in Asia 1, all of definite character and limited area. The genus may thus well be classed amongst the races in the full tide of prosperity in America, but expiring in the Old World. و۵‎ after deducting Æ. scandens, which is identically luxuriant in Asia and Africa, and to a certain degree in America, has a more African character, having there developed 7 endemic species, and only 3 in America. The latter belong to the same forest region of North Brazil and Guiana as the majority a the Piptadeniee, whilst in Africa the genus is less exclusively tropical, 2 species ext tl 1 to the Natal district, where also has arisen the endemic allied genus or sulgenus Elephantorhiza with 2 (or 3?) species. Plathymenia is an endemic Brazilian genus of 2 species, closely connecting Piptadenia with Entada; and Xylia is a very distinct monotypic genus, which, if we neglect the above-mentioned identical Entada scandens, is the sole survivor of the ancient race of Piptadenies in tropical Asia, but is there luxuriant, having maintained an extended range from the Peninsula to the Malayan Archipelago. Like Pentaclethra and Parkia, the tribe, if it ever spread to Australia and Polynesia, has there left no traces of its existence. ; The only exceptional species of the tribe without glands to the anthers are two Ame- - rican Niope, in other respects closely resembling two genuine species of the subgenus, and all four showing an approach in habit, though none in any other essential character, to some species of Acacia. Adenanthere@, or Mimosex with definite stamens, albuminous seeds, and almost always. glanduliferous anthers, still show an American preponderance, but in a less degree; the forms are more generically diversified though still specifically variable, and ithe characters much less tropical. In America we have 21 species in 2 genera or sub- genera, both endemic; in Africa 9 species in 4 genera or subgenera, of whioh 3 endemic: 3 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. '853 in the Mascarene islands 2 species in 2 genera, of which 1 endemic ; in Asia 5 species in 3 genera or subgenera, of which 1 endemie, and in Australia 8 species in 2 genera. Stryphnodendron, with 8 species, is the only genus of the tribe which luxuriates in the moist tropical forests east of the Andes, with systematic as well as geographieal characters showing an approach to the Piptadeniex, but with the albuminous seeds and thick scarcely dehiscent pods of Prosopis and its allies. Algarobia, including Strombocarpa, the American subgenus of Prosopis, has a very different geographical constitution from any of the preceding Mimosex. Scarcely known east of the Andes, and certainly absent from the forest regions of Brazil and Guiana, it has one tropical species so variable that it has been divided into from two to about a dozen supposed species, extensively planted, but appearing to have a really indigenous range of remarkable extent, from extratropical Chili along the tropical Andes and coast of the Pacific to Mexico and the West Indies. 11 other American species are extratropical or nearly so, southern or northern, none of the Argentine or Chilian ones absolutely identical with the Mexican or Texan, but some- times closely representative. Adenopis, the Asiatic subgenus of Prosopis, with 2 species, extends from the western extratropical districts to the Indian peninsula ; Anonychia, the African monotypic subgenus, is more tropical, but affects rather the desert than the forest region. Adenanthera, 3 species from tropical Asia and Australia, and Tetrapleura, 3 tropical African species, are, like the American Stryphnodendron, inhabitants of the forest. Xerocladia is a single strongly differentiated South-African extratropical species; Gagnebina, a single Mascarene species. The more tropical Dichrostachys has a wide range with more variable species, but it is still more abundant in the open regions of the Acacie (Gummifere) than in the moist forests. We have 4 African, 1 Mascarene, 1 Asiatic and 2 Australian species, those of each country quite distinct, although the two nearest allied, the wide-spread and variable African D. nutans and the Indian-peninsula . ei idered as representative. Bins one: popa the ek that as the character becomes less tropical, the hemispheres are more marked; not only have representa- ere is no subgenus of Adenanthereæ common to the New ecturing that Mimoseæ originated duced races. with a constitution specific divergences in the two tive species disappeared, but th ا‎ and the Old World—one amongst other ee e d have only here and there pr i mr à multiply in more temperate climates. tribe without glands to the anthers are two species of extratropical South American Prosopis, in other respeets showing an approach, rather in habit than in character, to some species of Mimosa from the same region. à : ۴ with definite stamens, albuminous seeds, The tribe Eumimosece, or Mimoses proper d very rarely thick or fleshy, has its Ame- | ndular anthers, and the po | reni con decided than any other. The 6 genera » magnes ccm rican, with about 300 species, mostly tropical, some is sas abo تن‎ MT d ی و‎ variable others very local and distinct, and a 1er semp idt and 2 closely (ib: whilst the Old World has but 13 species, of which 2 E vas AAA sentative of American ones. In America one ic mmn West-Indian or extra- groups of Mimosa, with about half a hundred species ar in a tropical region, sufficiently hardened to flourish and The only exceptional species of the 354 | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE 1۷۲۲1۲0 ۰ tropical, with limited areas; but the great mass of the species are either widely spread . over tropical America, chiefly east of the Andes, or are more local in southern Brazil and adjoining districts. In Africa, besides 2 species, an aquatic Neptunia and a Mimosa, iden- tical with American ones, there are only 2, both belonging to the Mimose (Rubicaules), and almost representative of American ones. The Mascarene islands have a very distinct Desmanthus, which might almost rank as a subgenus, and 5 species of Mimosa, all belonging to the same group of Rubicaules, but some of them rather more distinct than the Asiatie and African ones. In Asia, besides the aquatic Neptunia identical with the African and American one, there is a rather distinct endemic species of that genus, and 2 of Mimosa (Rubicaules), both closely representative of American ones. In Polynesia there is a Leucena, distinct from, but not very far removed from, an American one, and the only Old-World representative of that West-American genus. In Australia the sole members of the tribe are 2 species of Neptunia, forming a section distinguished from the rest of the genus by the reduction of the stamens to a single instead of a double series, à character not observed in any other Old-World Mimosex, and repeated only in the . American subgenus Humimosa. As a whole, the Zumimosee, although evidently very early established in the Old World, with the presumably Mascarene or African centre of the suborder, have with difficulty maintained their ground there, whilst in America they have prospered and acquired enormous dimensions, The few exceptional species of the tribe, with more or less prominent glands to the anthers, belong to the small scattered genus Neptunia, which, however, in other respects, is closely connected with Mimosa. t The Acacia tribe differs from all the preceding in its comparative prosperity in the Old World, and especially in its wonderful development in the southern hemisphere, in Australia, and to a certain degree in South Africa; but in both cases the progress seems to have been from the tropics southward, as there is no trace of the genus in the extreme south of America, nor in New Zealand, nor any connexion between the extratropical African and Australian species. The former belong to a widely spread tropical subgenus, the latter to three specially Australian, subgenera, of which one only has remained sparingly persistent in the Mascarene, Malayan, or South Pacific islands. I would observe that, geographically, I here speak of these divisions of Acacia as subgenera, because they appear to me, in a genealogical sense, to have the same importance as the subgenera of Mimosa, Pithecolobium, and others, although, being distinguished by vegetative characters only (chiefly foliage and inflorescence), to the utter neglect of numerous floral or carpo- logical differences, they are, for systematie purposes, under the rules usually followed, treated as series only, with adjective instead of substantive names. 3 | The three extra-Australian subgenera are all American; one, a very small one, the Filieine, is endemic and of limited range in Central America, Mexico, Texas, and the West Indies; but its two species appear to be abundant within their areas, and so variable as to have been described under some eight or ten different names, The Amo- rican preponderance is also maintained in the Vulgares, with 42 species, the majority of which are tropical, with their chief seat in the forest regions east of the Andes, some of them widely spread, very variable, and having Old-World representatives. But there MR. G: BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 955 are also western or extratropical species, north and south, of limited areas and very definite character, remnants of ancient races now evidently expiring. In the third extra- Australian subgenus, the Gummifere, the circumstances have changed ; it is at once less tropical and less American. Only 14 species are known in the New World to 47 in the Old; and those 14 are either Western, West-Indian, or extratropical north and south, Not one (except the generally introduced 4. farnesiana) is to be met with in tropical South America east of the Andes, although some, within their areas, appear to be abun- dant and variable. | | In Africa the Acacie constitute more than half the whole number of the Mimoseæ of that continent, and form a very prominent feature in the desert landscape of the dry distriets both within and south of the tropies, extending in some places northward to the Mediterranean, and eastward, connected through Arabia with Western India. They belong to the two above-mentioned American and Asiatic subgenera Vulgares and Gum- mifere. Of the former, 22 species (to the American 42) include some forest races of wide range, representative both of Asiatic and American ones. The African Gummifere, on the other hand, far surpass those of any other region, comprising at least 35 species, often wide-spread, some very variable, and two at least apparently identical with West- Asiatic ones, but others again local and definite. From the Mascarene islands 1 only know of 2 species of Acacia; one, belonging to the Yulgares, is remarkable as being elosely representative of the Brazilian A. lacerans, and much further from any African or Asiatie species; the other, A. heterophylla, is an. extreme outlying species of the Australian subgenus Phyllodinee, and closely representative of the extreme outlying species in an opposite direction, the 4. Koa of the Sandwich Islands. Asia has 19 species of Acacia, 9 each of the African and American subgenera Vulgares and Gummifere, and some of them closely representative of species from either continent ; the remaining one, one of the Phyllodinee from Amboyna, is unknown to recent botanists ; but if Rumphius’s accounts are correct, it must be closely allied to, if not identical with, a North-Australian species. Polynesia, from New Caledonia. to the Sandwich Islands, presents us with 4 species, all belonging to the same Australian subgenus Phyllodinee, and nearly allied to North-Australian species. Whether the above six extra- Australian Phyllodinee have migrated from Australia, or whether they are the persistent remnants of the race in its ancient home, we have no means of judging; but conjecture and ana- oed — nn eg has met with the largest development, having Sontiahed wo all precedent, and rivalling, or even — in maa ELIE of America. Of 393 speciess 4 only, including the ubiquitous farnesiana, ; > mifere, but appear to be very local in North Australia; the the generally spread Gu mife ER 18 forming two small subgenera purely endemic; remainder are ge cem dineg, many of them very variable and widely spread, and no less than 27 ub d whole subgenus bearing a conspicuous part in the arbo- others local and definite, à f Most ent part of Australia and Tasmania. Origi- — or Malayan region, where it has left, as above men- its forms with the greatest profusion, A. Mangium, 356 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. spreading southwards till stopped by the ocean, which it has been unable to cross even to Norfolk Island and New Zealand. The Ingee, or Mimoseæ with indefinite monadelphous stamens, are exclusively tropical, and show a very great American preponderance, although a few races also have prospered in the Old World; and the two hemispheres have very little in common. There are no identical or closely representative species ; and even the genera or subgenera are mostly distinct. America has 330 species in 11 genera or subgenera, of which two only are slightly represented in the Old World, and the latter has 78 species, of which only 9 are allied to American forms, the remaining 69 forming 4 genera or subgenera unrepresented in the New World. Of the American genera, Lysiloma alone, with 10 species, is limited to the western tropies or West Indies; the other 10 genera or subgenera ranging generally over tropical America, but specially abundant in the forest regions as well as in the Brazilian campos east of the Andes. The Old-World Inges are also mostly forest inhabitants. Albizzia, with 40 species, is generally spread over the whole tropical region, with one species exceptionally established in extratropical Australia. Clypearia, with 22 species, and Serianthes, with 5, are limited to the Indo-Australian tropical region, the three genera including many variable races of extended range. Archidendron is exclusively Australian, with 2 species of limited areas. The 5 Asiatic or Mascarene Calliandre and the 4 Asiatic Mascarene or African Samanee, are quite local and definite in cha- racter, whilst their numerous American congeners are remarkable for their variability and wide dispersion. Inga itself, including Affonsea, 142 species, is remarkable for its simply, not doubly pinnate leaves, a character otherwise unknown among Mimosez, and in that suborder developed in America only; for the Indian bifoliolate Calliandra cynometroides must probably be noted as a reduction of a doubly compound leaf to its simplest elements of 2 unifoliolate pinnae, not as a reduction of a simply pinnate leaf to a single pair, although the double articulation of the very short petiole is not evident, as in the corresponding American bifoliolate Calliandra hymeneoides. With regard to the local distribution of Mimosez in each of the several continents, the subject is too closely connected with the general flora of each, and therefore too large to be treated of on the present occasion; 1 would only add a few words on the northern and southern extension of the suborder beyond the tropics. We have seen that in America the northern and southern extensions exemplified in the genera Prosopis, Mimosa, and Acacia have taken place in those groups only which are, under the tropics, restricted to the western margin of the continent, a region where the mountain-chain and the adjoining sea have allowed a certain continuity of physical conditions still to exist, a continuity which may well have been much greater during former periods. As a result, the new races produced north and south, although discon- nected in character as well as in area, have in many instances remained closely repre- sentative; and this is in accordance with what has been pointed out in many other classes of plants. In the Old World, however, as I have on other occasions observed, the ranges of mountains and impassable deserts and seas run much more east and west, AD رم ی مت وا‎ s mr M ی اقا‎ n. - become differentiated as to have est ‚under ordinary circumstances, they have by na MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE E. 357 disconneeting more completely the northern and southern temperate regions. The extension therefore of Mimosex, as of other races of plants northward and southward, has been quite independent. In the Adenantheree, for instance, the Persian and Oriental Prosopides they have produeed in the north have no connexion with the extratropical Dichrostachydes and Xerocladia developed in the south; even the few Acacia (Gummifere) which may have passed the northern tropical line are by no means representative of those of the Cape Colony, whilst the extraordinary luxuriance of the Phyllodineous and other.Australian races of Acacia have nothing to correspond with them in extratropical Asia. I cannot quit the consideration of dissevered representative races without alluding to an instance which it is quite out of my power to account for. The connexion of the tropical flora. of North-east Australia with that of the Malayan archipelago and Eastern Asia generally, is exemplified in a large number of Orders, genera, and species ; but then this Indo-Australian flora is strictly limited to the north-eastern quarter of Australia, or at most, in a very few cases, extends further down the east coast, and is always observed to be very remote from that of the south-west ; and yet in the genus Albizzia we have two species so closely allied as to leave doubts whether they ought really to be regarded as specifically distinct, and together perfectly isolated from any other forms assumed by the genus; and yet the one, A. montana, inhabits the moun- tains of Java, whilst the other, 4. lophantha, is limited to extratropical South-west Australia. The other spicate Albizzi@, chiefly New Caledonian, are very different in an essential character, the shape of the seed, as well as in many other respects. The conjectural conclusions hazarded from the above considerations may be summed up as follows :— That Mimosez originated in some ancient warm country, whence they were enabled to spread gradually over the various tropical regions they now occupy. P ۱ That, before the disruption or disappearance of their original country, they had so far ablished the majority, but by no means all the genera, now distinguish. to areas separated by obstacles insurmountable tural selection established new races of less local, some of which have been enabled to spread gly in the northern, more successfully in the subgenera, or other larger groups we can That since their original disseverance 1n higher or lower grades, more or | into more temperate regions, very spar (ct s cer n where the northern and southern «erit "n are " have been connected by cool mountain-ranges, the northern an ۳ - ۳ gm have been more or less connected, juo i = و یت‎ have tim southern races, whilst in the Old World the northern and southe k é e . . il results. quite pss: e Le has been favourable to colonization, which had in That the constitution races ig ich we can only vaguely con- 1 historic times, by means whic : SS Ree s dois has been much more frequent in consequence cf sa Se pe Mp human intercourse and commerce, and that to these causes e facilities affor | : 358 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. may be referred the absolute identity of a few tropical species in the New and the Old World. I now proceed to the enumeration of the genera and species of Mimoseze more or less known to me, with short diagnoses of the more essential distinetive characters, referring, for more details as to genera, to our * Genera Plantarum,’ vol. i. pp. 462 and 588, and, as to species, to the various works quoted under each. I have, however, given the post- Linnean synonymy as complete as I have been able to ascertain it, and added fuller descriptions to the several species now first established as new. CONSPECTUS GENERUM. Tribus 1. PARKrEX. Calycis dentes brevissimi imbricati. 1. PrNTACLETHRA. Stamina 5,staminodia 5,10 v. 15. Spice elongate. Legumen lignosum, elastice dehiscens.— Africa, America. 2. Parga. Stamina 10. Capitula densissima, globosa v. clavata, floribus inferioribus neutris stami- nodiis 10. Legumen carnosum, indehiscens.— America, Africa, Asia. Tribus 2. PrPrADENIEX. Calyx valvatus. Stamina petalis numero dupla, antheris seepissime glanduliferis. Albumen 0. 3. Entapa. Legumen planum, membranaceo-coriaceum v. lignosum, valvis intra marginem integrum persistentem transverse articulatis, endocarpio circa semina persistente ab exocarpio secedente. Flores spicati.— America, Africa, Asia. 4. ELEPHANTORHIZA. Legumen planum, membranaceo-coriaceum, valvis a margine integro persistente secedentibus indivisis, endocarpio integro ab exocarpio secedente. Flores spicati.— Africa australis. 5. PLATHYMENIA. Legumen planum, membranaceo-coriaceum, exocarpio continuo bivalvi, endocarpio solo in articulos 1-spermos secedente et circa semina persistente. Flores spicati.— Brasilia. 6. PIPTADENIA. Legumen planum, membranaceum v. coriaceum, 2-valve, valvis indivisis, rarius sll indehiscens. Flores spicati v. globoso-capitati.— America, Africa, Madagascaria, Asia. 7. Xyııa. Legumen planum, crassum, lignosum, 2-valve. Semina transversa. Flores globoso- capitati.— Asia. Tribus 3. ADENANTHEREX. Calyx valvatus. Stamina petalis numero dupla, antheris - sepissime glanduliferis. Semina albuminosa. Legumen crassum. 8. STRYPHNODENDRON. Legumen subcarnosum, vix v. non dehiscens, intus inter semina septatum. Flores spicati.— Brasilia, Guiana. 9. ADENANTHERA. Legumen elongatum, sepius incurvum, 2-valve. Semina crassa, coccinea v. bico- lora. Flores laxe spicati, szepius pedicellati.— Asia et Australia tropica. 10. TerRAPLEURA. Legumen oblongum, elevato-tetragonum v. 4-alatum, indehiscens. Flores spicati. — Africa tropica. 11. GAGNEBINA. Legumen oblongo-lineare, plano-compressum, ad margines membranaceo-alatum. Flores spicati.—Ins. Mascarenses. 12. Prosoris. Legumen crasso-compressum v. subteres, exalatum, rectum tortum v. spirale, coriaceum v. indurato-spongiosum, indehiscens, intus inter semina septatum. Flores spicati v. rarius capitati.— America, Africa, Asia tropica et subtropica. 13. Xerociania. Ovarium l-ovulatum. Legumen parvum, curvum, compressum, indehiscens, mono- spermum. Capitula globosa.— Africa australis. 14. Dicmrosracuys. Flores inferiores spice cylindracez neutri, staminodiis elongatis. Legumen durum, crassum, indehiscens.— Asia, Africa, Australia tropica. m . MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 359 Tribus 4. BUMIMOSEE. Calyx valvatus v. pappiformis v. 0. Stamina petalis numero eequalia v. dupla, antheris (excepta Neptunia) eglandulosis. Semina albuminosa. Le- gumen sepius tenue v. coriaceum. Flores inferiores in generibus tribus prioribus in- terdum neutri. 15. Nerrunsa. Legumen planum, oblique oblongum, a stipite deflexum, membranaceo-coriaceum, 2.valve. Herb: suffruticesve diffuse v. natantes, capitulis globosis.—Orbis utriusque regiones calidiores. 16. Desmantuus. Legumen lineare, rectum ۲۰ falcatum, angustum, membranaceo-coriaceum, 2- valve. Semina longitudinalia v. obliqua. Herbe suffruticesve rarius frutices, capitulis globosis. — America borealis et inter tropicos utriusque orbis. — 17. Mimosa. Leguminis valve integre v. articulate a replo persistente secedentes eoque latiores. Habitus varius.. Flores spicati v. capitati—America, Africa tropica, Asia tropica, 18. Scurankıa. Leguminis linearis tetragoni valve integre a replo persistente secedentes eoque ; angustiores. Herbz suffruticesve aculeati, capitulis globosis.— America borealis et tropica. 19. Leucana. Legumen (Acacia) lato-lineare, planum, membranaceo-coriaceum, 2-valve, Semina transversa. Arbores fruticesve elatiores, capitulis. globosis—America tropica orientalis, una specie in utroque orbe inquilina. Tribus 5. AcacrEx. Calyx valvatus, rarius 0. Stamina indefinita, libera v. interiora basi brevissime connata. Albumen 0. 20. Acacia. Legumen varium. Arbores fruticesve floribus spicatis v. capitatis.—America, Africa, Asia calidior, Australia. | Tribus 6. IxcEx. Calyx valvatus. Stamina indefinita, basi in tubum connata. Al- bumen 0. a * Folia bipinnata. -21. Lysıroma. Leguminis recti plani valve a margine persistente secedentes. Flores capitati v. rarius spicati.— America tropica occidentalis. 22. CALLIANDRA. Leguminis recti v. le dehiscentes.— America calidior, in Asia tropica et Madagascaria rarwr. ۱ i 93. Ausızzıa. Legumen rectum, planum, lato-lineare, tenue, valvis per dehiscentiam nec elasticis nec contortis. Arbores fruticesve floribus capitatis Y. spicatis.—Ásia, Africa, Australia. m 94. PITHECOLOBIUM. Legumen compressum, coriaceum crassum v. subcarnosum, arcuatum eireina- valvis per dehiscentiam sepe tortis nec elasticis. Arbores fruticesve floribus Africa, Asia, Australia, inter tropicos. 7 ۱ um, carnosum, indehiscens. Cetera Pithecolobii.— America ‘ter falcati basi angustati valve ab apice ad basin elastice tum v. rarius subrectum, capitatis v. laxe spicatis. — America, Afr 25. ENTEROLOBIUM. Legumen circinat Se ae Legumen compressum, sublignosum. Arbores floribus paucis in ordine magnis.— = pa et pre carpella 3-5. ۵ Pithecolobii.— Australia tropica. | ** Folia simpliciter pinnata. 28. Inca. Ovarii carpellum unicum.— America tropica. 29. Arronsga. Ovarii carpella 2-5.— Brasilia. I. PENTACLETHRA, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 588. 3 i 1. P. FILAMENTOSA -Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 127. Pinne 10-20-juge ; pay i ys VOL. XXX. ; 360 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Pentaclethra. foliola 30-50-juga, lineari-faleata, acutissima, 3-4 lin. longa. Staminodia 5.— Fl. Bras. Mim.* Acacia macroloba, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1060 (1054). Mimosa macroloba, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 66. Acacia aspidioides, G. F. W. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. 165. Entada Wrbeana, Presl, Epimel. Bot. 206, ex descr. Caillea macrostachya, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 759. Pentaclethra brevipila, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 128. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, British Guiana, Trinidad, Nicaragua. 2. P. MACROPHYLLA, Benth.! in- Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 330. Pinne 10-12-juge; foliola 12-20-juga, oblique rhombeo-oblonga, obtusa, ¿-13 poll. longa. Staminodia ' 10-15.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 322. Hab. Tropical Africa. P. Griffoniana, Baill. Adans. vi. 206, from tropical Africa, described from leaves only, may not VM to the genus. II. FAREI, A. Br. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 588. Sectio 1. EUPARKIA. Capitula clavata, parte inferiore sterili quam pars fertilis multo angustiore (v. in speciebus Americanis ei subæquilata ?). * Species Asiatice. 1. P. BIGLANDULOSA, W. et Arn. ! Prod. Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. 279. Petiolus com- munis basi 2-glandulosus, sæpius velutino-tomentosus; pinnæ multijuge ; foliola con- fertim multijuga, ad 3 lin. longa, 3 lin. lata. Mimosa pedunculata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 551, ex descr. Hab. East tropical Asia: the countries east of the Bay of Bengal, Roxburgh. De- scribed by Arnott and others from cultivated specimens. 2. P. ROXBURGHII, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 396. Petiolus communis supra basin uni- glandulosus, glaber v. pubescens; pinnæ multijugæ, foliola laxe multijuga, 3-4 lin. longa, 1 lin. lata. Leguminis stipes 2-5-pollicaris. Mimosa biglobosa, Roxb. ! Fl. Ind. ii. 551, non Jacq. Parkia Brunonis, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5288: P. biglobosa, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 328, quoad plantam Indicam. Inga timoriana, DC. ! Prod. ii. 442. à; Mimosa peregrina, Blanco, Fl. Filip. 737, ed. 2, 509 ex descr. Inga pyriformis, Jungh. ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 52. Parkia grandis, Hassk. Diagn. Nov. 220, ex ejusd. Pl. Jav. Rar. 415. Hab. Tropical Asia, Sillet, Burmah, and the Indian Archipelago. P. intermedia and P. speciosa, Hassk. Hort. Bogor. 289, and Pl. Jav. Rar. 414, are distinguished by the author as well.as by Miquel from P. Roxburghii by characters which, as far as shown by our speci- * My Brazilian Mimoses for the great Flora Brasiliensis are now being printed in Germany ; and I hoped to have received proofs time enough to refer to the page of each species. ‘None, however, have yet reached me; but I have retained the general references with a view to indicating which are the species of which full descriptions may be there found. Parkia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. 361 mens, do not appear to be sufficient. The whole of the Asiatic species require, however, a thorough revision from much better specimens than we possess. i Acacia gigantea, Noronh. in Verh. Acad. Batav., is referred by Hasskarl to his Parkia speciosa. 9. P. ی‎ S. Kurz, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. xlii. 73. Foliola iis P. Roxburghü majora, iis P. intermedia, Oliv., similia. — . Hab. Tropical Asia: Pegu. I have seen fragments only of this plant, insufficient to give any idea of its specific value. 4. P. MACROCARPA, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 284, a P. Roxburghit differre dicitur foliolis obtusis rectis. Hab. Tropical Asia: Sumatra. I have seen no specimen. 5. P. INSIGNIS, S. Kurz, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xiii. 74. Fulvo-pubescens. Pinna ~ sub-4-jugze: foliola 20-25-juga, pollicaria, subtus pubescentia. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical Asia: Martaban. I have seen no speeimens. 6. P. sINGULARIS, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 1078, Suppl. 285. Pinnw 1-4-juge ; foliola 3-5-juga, ovato-oblonga, 2-pollicaria. Legumina oblonga. Hab. Tropical Asia: Sumatra. I have seen no. specimen of this plant, which must have a very different aspect from all the other species. P. sumatrana, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 284, from Sumatra, is described from leaves only, which do ` not appear to me to have quite the aspect of those of a Parkia. ** Species Africane. R. Br. in App. Denh. $ Clapp. Trav. 234. Petiolus communis infra um eglandulosus; pinne multijuge ; foliola multijuga, 4-5 lin. Legumen longum, rectum, stipite 7. P. AFRICANA, pinnarum jugum infim longa, ad 1 lin. lata, rectiora quam in P. Roxburghü. vix pollicem excedente. Mimosa biglobosa, Jacq. S Inga biglobosa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1025. Parkia biglobosa, Benth.! in Hook. Afr. ii. 324. Mimosa taxifolia, Pers. Syn. ii. 266. Inga senegalensis, DC. Prod. ii. 442. i Inga feculifera, Desv. ! in Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occid, 61. Prosopis feculifera, Dev. ! in Ann. Sc. ge pe 1, ix. 426. ja uni . ii. 997. : نج 7 ی وس‎ y introduced into the West Indies with the Negroes, Hab. Tropical Africa. Apparentl ۱ ۱ and eu d iia by Jacquin from Martinica, and by Desvaux from St.-Domingo speci- mens. There are also in Herb. Hooker leaves from Demerara, Parker, which appear to belong to the same species. 8. P. INTERMEDIA, Oliv. ! losus; pinnze multijug® ; foliola r Legumen falcatum, stipite pollicar!. Hab. Tropical Africa. 3 : : | ریم‎ Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 924. Petiolus communis basi - 9. P. FILICOIDEA, Welw. in Oliv. ! Fl. trop [fi | mei tirp. Amer. 267, t. 179; Beauv. Fl. Ow. et Ben. ii. 53, t. 90. Journ. Bot. iv. 328, quoad plantam Africanam ; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 324. Petiolus communis basi uniglandu- multijuga, subfalcata, 6-8 lin. longa, 14-2 lin. lata. 362 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Parkia, obscure uniglandulosus; pinne multijuge ; foliolà multijuga, oblonga, subrecta, coriacea, 1-1 poll. longa, 3 lin. lata. Leguminis stipes 13-2-pollicaris. Hab. ... Africa. *** Species Americana. 10. P. PLATYCEPHALA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 329. Pinna 6-12-juge ; foliola multijuga, linearia, subrecta, uninervia, ad 3 lin. longa. Capitula in pedunculo 2-1-pedali depresso-globosa, receptaculo depresso-dilatato. Legumen oblongum E poll. longum 1-12 poll. latum) carnosum, seminibus 2-seriatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America ; Brazil, prov. Bahia and Ceara. 11. P. PENDULA, Benth. in Walp. Rep. v. 577. Pinne multijuge; foliola multijuga, linearia, obscure uninervia, vix 2 lin. longa. Capitula pedunculo 2- o-pedali pendula, globosa, receptaculo globoso v. obovoideo. Legumen curvum, (3-8 poll. longum, vix 1 poll. latum,) siccum bivalve, marginibus incrassatis, seminibus obscure 2-seriatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. : Inga pendula, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1025. - Mimosa pendula, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 47. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 12. P. MULTIJUGA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras, Mim. Pinnee multijuge; foliola mul- tijuga, linearia, subfaleata, basi adpresse auriculata, uninervia (sub 4 lin. longa, 1-13 lin. lata). Capitula pedunculo 1-2-pollicari globosa, bracteis ante anthesin cum ala- bastris imbricatis. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, Upper Amazon and Rio Janeiro. The specimens I have seen are in bud only, or with the flowers already fallen away, and the fruit is unknown. The affinities of the species, remarkable for the imbricate bracts which give the young heads the aspect of Mauritius fruits, remain therefore uncertain ; and it may also prove that the specimens from the two widely distant stations, however closely they resemble each other in that state, may belong to distinct species. موه یت ده .2 Sect.‏ Capitula biglobosa, parte superiore sterili, ob staminodia = parte fertili r duplo latiore. Species Americane. 13. P. PECTINATA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pinnse 10-15-juge; foliola mul- tijuga, linearia, subsigmoideo-faleata, basi auriculata, uninervia. Pedunculi 4-8-polli- cares. Legumina elongata, falcata. Inga pectinata, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1026. Acacia pectinata, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 282, Mimosa pectinata. Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 48. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 14. P. FILICINA, Benth. in Walp. Rep. v. 577. .Pinnse 8-104 uge ; foliola multijuga; linearia, subsigmoideo-falcata, basi oblique truneata, exauriculata. Pedunculus 8-pol- licaris, complanatus. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. | Inga filicina, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1025. Mimosa filicina, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 47. Hab. Tropical America: Para in Brazil. Parkia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 363 I5. E. AURICULATA, Spruce!; Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pinne 6-8-juge ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, subsigmoideo-falcata, basi auriculata, 2-3-nervia, semi- pollicaria. Pedunculi 8-4-pollicares. Staminodia 2-1 poll. longa. Legumina oblonga, 4-pollicaria, stipite 2-3 poll. longo. | Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 16. P. DISCOLOR, Spruce !; Benth. in Mart.Fl. Bras. Mim. Pinnæ 3-4-jugee ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, subsigmoideo-faleata, basi auriculata, 2-3-nervia, 6-9 lin. longa, subtus canescentia. Pedunculi 3-4-pollicares. Staminodia vix semipollice longiora. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. | 17. P. NITIDA, Mig. Stirp. Surin. 7, et in Flora, 1850, 278. Pinnæ 7-10 juge ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, subsigmoideo-faleata, basi late rhachi appressa nec auriculata, 1-2-nervia, 6-9 lin. longa, concoloria. Pedunculi 6-9-pollicares. Staminodia vix semi- pollice longiora. | Hab. Tropical America: Surinam. 18. P. PARYPHOSPHÆRA, Benth. Folia alterna. Pinne 5-6-juge ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, subrecta, basi auriculata, 2-3-nervia, 6-9 lin. longa; subtus pallida. Peduneuli 1-2-pollicares. Staminodia subpollicaria. Legumen rectum, subpedale. Paryphosphera arborea, Karst.! Pl. Colomb. ii. 7. t. 104. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, eastern declivity of the Cordillera of Bogota, Triana, Karsten. | 19. P. OPPOSITIFOLIA, Spruce!; Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim.. Folia opposita. Pinne 3-5-juge ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, basi auriculata, uninervia v. nervo altero marginali. Peduneuli oppositi, 3-6-pollicares. Staminodia longa, nivea. Legu- mina elongata, incurva. : Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. TII. ENTADA, Adans, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 589. * Legumen lignosum, latum, pluripedale. Species amphigea. 1. E. scaxpzws, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 332. Altissime scandens. Petiolus communis sepius cirrifer; pinne 2-jugæ; foliola 2-5-juga, oblique elliptico-oblonga v. obovata, obtusa v. emarginata, 14-3-pollicaria. Spice longs, axillares v. in panicula : » ; .. paucæ.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 325; Harv.! et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 276; Benth.! Fl. Austral, ii, 298. Mimosa scandens, Linn. Spec. 1501. Acacia scandens, Willd. Spec. iv. 1057. Adenanth dens, Forst. Prod. 33. : Tntada neon E. Pursetha, E. monostachya et E. adenanthera, DC. Prod. ii. 424, 425. E. Rheedii et E. Parrana, Spreng. Syst. ii, 325. E. Gandu, Hoffm. ex Walp. Rep. 1. 858. d : E ati et E. Rumphit, Scheff. in Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. xxxii. 90, t. 16 ad 18. Hab Tropical Asia, Africa, and Australia, extending to subtropical South Africa ; also tropical America, West Indies, and Central America. 364 ` MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Entada. ** Legumen intra margines coriaceum v. membranaceum. + Species Africane. Spice axillares v. in panicula pauce. 2. E. WAHLBERGII, Harv. Fl. Cap. ii. 277. Scandens, glabra. Petiolus communis interdum cirrifer; pinne 2-juge; foliola 4-18-juga, linearia, subsemipollicaria. Spice cylindracez, floribus pedicellatis. Legumen curvum, — 1-14 poll. latum. —Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 820... Hab. "Tropical and subtropical Africa: Upper Guinea, Mozambique and Natal districts. 3. E. AFRICANA, Guill. et Perr. Fl. Seneg. 233. Arborea, glabra. Pinne 3-4-juge ; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 4-34 poll. longa. Legumen subcoriaceum, 4 poll. latum.—Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 326. Hab. Tropical Africa: Upper Guinea. | | 4. E. Kirk, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 327. Scandens, glabra. Pinne 3—4-juge ; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, i-$ poll. longa. Legumen 23-33 poll. latum, sub- coriaceum, articulis medio valde incrassatis. Hab. Tropical Africa: Mozambique district. 5. E. NATALENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 333. Fruticosa, pubescens, seepe aculeata. Pinne 4-6-juge; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, subsemipollicaria. Le- gumen membranaceum, 1-2 poll. latum.— Harv. ! et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 276. Mimosa spicata, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 164. Adenopodia spicata, Presl, Epimel. Bot. 207. Hab. South Africa: Natal district. 6. E. SUDANICA, Schweinf.! Rel. Kotsch. 8, t. 8, 9. Arborescens, glabra. Pinnæ 5-8- juge ; foliola 14-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 3-3 poll. longa. Legumen 11-2 poll. latum, inter semina insigniter constrictum.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 327. Hab. "Tropical Africa: Upper Guinea, Nile land, Mozambique district. 7. E. ABYSSINICA, Steud. in A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 234. Arborea, glabra. Pinne 14-18-juge ; foliola 25-50-juga, linearia, 3-5 lin. SRT Legumen 14-2 poll. latum.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 327. | Hab. Tropical Africa; Nile land. a. 8. E.? DUPARQUETIANA, Baill. Adans. vi. 210. Arborea. Pinne 2-juge; foliola l-juga, ovata, acuta, coriacea, glabra, 2-3-pollicaria. Spice axillares, gemine, summ# racemos®. Legumen ignotum. = Be Hab. Tropical Africa: Gaboon, Duparquet (Baillon). I have seen no specimen. tt Species Americane. 9. E. POLYSTACHYA, DC. Mem. Leg. 434, t. 61, 62, Prod. ii. 425. Altissime scandens. Petiolus interdum cirrifer ; pinne 2-6-juge; foliola 6-8-juga, oblonga, obtusa v. emar- ginata, ¿-13-pollicaria. Spicee breves, numerosissimz, in racemo longo dense confertze. Legumen 2-4 poll. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mem. Mimosa Entada, Linn.! Herb. (in Spec. 1502 cum E. scandente confusa). Mimosa polystachia, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. 265, t. 183, Linn. Syst. Veg. 677. PU EUER Rh ro 'Entada, | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 365 Mimosa chiliantha, G. F. W. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. 163. Entada chiliantha, DC. Prod. ii. 425. - Mimosa bipinnata, Aubl. Pl. Gui. 946 (Plum. ed. Burm. t. 12). Mimosa caudata, Vahl, Ecl. iii. 35. Acacia caudata, DC. Prod. ii. 456. ` Adenanthera Bonplandiana, Kunth! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 311. Acacia secundiflora, Juss. Herb. ex DC. Entada Plumieri, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 164. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, Ragan British Guiana, Columbia ; Central America, Sutton Hayes, Tate, Girsted ; Mexico, Andrieux, n. 409; Dominica, Imray ; Trinidad, Crueger. 10. E. POLYPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 133. Arborea v. alte scandens; Pinne 4-6-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 4-8 lin. longa. Spice numero- sissimee, in racemo dense conferte. Legumen 2} poll. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim.. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil; Eastern Peru, Maynas, Peppig; Cayenne, British Guiana. 11. E. AcAcLEFOLIA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pinne 10-12-juge ; foliola multijuga, linearia, subfalcata, 3 lin. longa, costa submarginali. Spice fructifere axil- lares. Legumen 1 poll. latum. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil. IV. ELEPHANTORRHIZA, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 590. 1. E. BURCHELLII, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 344. Foliola ad 4 lin. longa, pleraque mucronato-acuta.— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 277. Acacia elephantina, Burch.! Trav. ii. 236. Acacia elephantorhiza, Burch. in DC. Prod. ii. 457. Prosopis elephantina, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl, Afr. Austr, 165. Prosopis elephantorhiza, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 165. Hab. South-east Africa. 2. E. Bunxzr, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Jonrn. v. 81. Foliola subsemipollicaria, obtusa, vix mucronata. Spice 3-4-pollicares. — Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 278. Hab. South-east Africa, Macalisberg, Burke and Zeyher, rather further north than the E. Burchellü, of which, however, it is probably a variety only. Bolle in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. 9, described from very imperfect specimens (which I adeptos es or fruit, is more likely to be an Entada than an Elephantorhiza, and have not seen), without leav perhaps not distinct from E. scandens. V. PLATHYMENIA, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 589. 1. - RETICULATA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 394. Pinne 4-8-juge ; foliola 10-15-juga, ovata. y elliptica, retusa, reticulato-venosissima, 5-9 lin. longa. Spice pubescentes.— Fl. Bras. Mim. وی‎ Chrysoaylon Vinhatico, Casar. Nov. Stirp. Dec. 366 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Plathymenia.; Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. San Paolo, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz. 2. P. FOLIOLOSA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 384. Pinns 4-12-juge; foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-elliptiea, obtusa v. retusa, tenuiter venulosa. Spice glabrs.— Fl. . Bras. Mim. ; Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia, Piauhy, Ceara, Goyaz, and Minas Geraes. VI. PIPTADENTA, Benth. Benth. et Hook, Gen. Pl. i. 589. The independent character of this genus has been somewhat invalidated by the discovery of the Piptadenia oudhensis in the area of Adenanthera. Itis, however, in its flat reticulated pod, exalbuminous seeds, and sessile flowers, a true Piptadenia rather than an Adenanthera. Its comparatively short dense spikes and foliage bring it nearer to the South American P. fetida, than to any Old-World species of this or the allied genera. Sectio 1. EUPIPTADENIA. Spice cylindracese. Legumen planum, leve y. reticulatum, marginibus continuis nervi- formibus v. incrassatis. Foliola nunc latiuscule pennivenia, nunc linearia v. oblonga. * Foliola obovata, ovata v. ovato-lanceolata, pennivenia, paucijuga. 1. P.OUDHENSIS, Brandis! For. Fl. Ind. 168. Aculeata, glaucescens. Pinne 2-juge ; foliola 1-juga, falcato-obovata v. subreniformia, obtusissima, coriacea, 2-3-pollicaria. Spice axillares, dense, 13-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, curvatum, 1—1-pedale, 5-6 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical Asia: Forests of Oudh. 2. P. FETIDA, Benth. Inermis, canescenti-tomentella. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, obovato-oblonga, obtusa, 3-1-pollicaria. Spice axillares v. laterales, densze, 1-13-polli- cares. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum. ۱ Mimosa fetida, Jacq. ! Hort. Schoenbr. iii.73, t. 390. Inga fetida, Willd. Spec. iv. 1008. Acacia fetida, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 265. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, Mescala, Humboldt and Bonpland. Jacquin raised it from seeds supposed to be West-Indian, but perhaps really from Caraccas. 9. P. TAUPENSIS, Spruce!; Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Scandens, minute pu- berula, parce aculeata. Petiolorum glandula globosa; pinne 2-jugæ ; foliola 2-3-juga, obovata, 13-21-polliearia. Spice paniculate, tenues. Corolle puberulz. Hab. "Tropical America: North Brazil. 4. P. PATENS, Benth. Bot. Sulph. 89, et in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 19. Scandens, pu- bescens, aculeata. Petiolorum glandula scutellata ; pinne 3-4-juge ; foliola sub-3-juga, obovata, ¿-13-pollicaria. Spice paniculatee, tenues. Corolle glabree. Inga patens, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 419. Hab. Central America: Realejo and Tiger Island, Sinclair; Nicaragua, (Ersted. There are two forms of this species, one with the leaflets all under 1 in., the other with most of them rather above that size. i ; ; Acacia prosopoides, DC. Prod. ii. 460, from the short diagnosis taken from a drawing of Mogino and Sessé's, would appear to be either Piptadenia patens, or Mimosa laziflora, two very different plants, but both answering to the diagnosis. Piptadenia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. ` 867 5. P. LATIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 335. Scandens, glabra, aculeata. Pinne 3-4-juge ; foliola 2-3-juga, obovata v. orbiculata, majora $-1-pollicaria. Spice tenues, paniculatee. Corolle glabre. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum.—77. Bras. Mim. Acacia fruticosa, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 107. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 6. P. LAXA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 335. Scandens?, glabra v. puberula, aculeis parvis nune rarissimis. Pinne 2-4-juge; foliola 4-7-juga, oblique ovata v. obovato-elliptica, majora 4-$-pollicaria. Spice tenues, axillares v. paniculate. Corolle glabre. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum.—7Z7. Bras. Mim. Mimosa fruticosa, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 6. Acacia fruticosa, var. acutifolia, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 108. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Bahia, San Paolo and Minas Geraes, and apparently the same at Yurimaguas in eastern Peru, ۰ Acacia adiantoides, Spreng. Syst. iii. 146, would appear from his short diagnosis to be a pubescent form of P. laxa. dE 7. P. Parrıcıı, Klotzsch ! in Herb. Mus. Berol. Arborea, inermis. Pinns® 2—3-juge ; foliola 3-4-juga, ovata, obtuse acuminata, 11-3-polliearia. Spies paniculate. Ovarium villosum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Stryphnodendron paniculatum, Poepp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 81, t. 291. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 8. P. POLYSTACHYA, Mig. in Linnea, xviii. 590. Arborea, inermis. Pinne 3-4-juge ; foliola 4-7-juga, ovato- ۰ elliptico-lanceolata, obtuse acuminata, sub-2-pollicaria. Spice ` paniculatz. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum. Hab. Tropical America : Bergendaal in Surinam. I have not seen this species ; but from Miquel’s description it must be very near to, if not identical with, P. Peppigii. Should it prove to be the same, Miquel's name will have to be preferred to Klotzsch's. 9. P. PANICULATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 338. Arborea, inermis. Pinn® 2-4-juge; foliola 4—8-juga, ovali-oblonga v. oyato-lanceolata, 3-13-pollicaria. Spice tenues, paniculate. Corolle puberulz. Ovarium sessile, glabrum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. "Tropical America: Brazil prov. Rio Janeiro. ** Foliola oblonga, obtusa, 1-nervia, plurijuga. Semina (ubi nota) alata. 10. P. RAMOSISSIMA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 336. Fruticosa, aculeis recurvis minimis. Pinne 3-5-jug® ; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 9-4-linearia, costa ex- centrica. Spice paniculate. Flores minimi, glabri. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum.— Fl. Bras. Mun. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. — ۱ bg | 11. P. prerosperma, Benth! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 398. Inermis. Pinnee 4-5-juge : foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, costa subcentrali. Spice fructifere axillares. Semina late alata.— Fl. Bras. Min. Hab. Tropical America: Brazi 12. P.? MANNII, Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. 4-6-juge ; foliola 8-13-juga, oblonga, obtusa, paniculatee. Ovarium glabrum. ۳ VOL. XXX. 1, Sello. Afr. ii. 329. Fruticosa, glabra, inermis. Pinn® subsemipollicaria. Spice tenues, 4-pollicares, 368 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Piptadenia, Hab. Tropical Africa: Fernando Po, Mann. | The fruit of this plant is unknown, and it is in some measure doubtful whether it be a Piptadenia or an Entada. "There is no gland on the petiole, and only very minute ones between the leaflets of a few of the upper pairs. 13. P. CHRYSOSTACHYS, Benth. Inermis, puberula. Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 8-15- juga, oblonga, obtusa, subsemipollicaria. .Spieze dense, 3-pollicares. Ovarium glabrum. Semina alata. Mimosa chrysostachys, Hels. et Boj. ! in herb. plur. Acacia chrysostachys, Sweet, Hort. Brit. 167. Adenanthera chrysostachys, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 343. Stachychrysum pterospermum, Boj. Hort. Maurit. 114. Hab. Madagascar: prov. Emirna and Imamou, Bojer. Ramuli obscure angulati, uti petioli et pedunculi pube brevi laxa conspersi, in partibus junioribus copiosa, demum fere evanida. Foliorum petiolus communis 4—5-pollicaris. Pinns opposite v. hinc inde altern, sub-3-pollicares, superiores et inferiores breviores. Glandulz in petiolo nulle. Foliola opposita, 4-6 lin. longa, ad 14 lin. lata, basi intus angustata, extus fere auriculata, obtusissima, uninervia et ob- scure pennivenia, supra glaberrima, subtus pilosula. Spice in axillis superioribus solitarie v. gemine, brevissime pedunculatz. Flores pedicello j-1 lin. longo fulti. Calyx canescens, } lin. longus, breviter et obtuse 5-lobus. Corolle petala oblonga, obtusa, 1 lin. longa, extus canescentia. Stamina breviter exserta. Legumen non vidi, sed ex nomine specifico Bojeriano semina alata dicenda. *** Foliola linearia, multijuga. t Ovarium villosum. 14. P. NITIDA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 336. Arborea, inermis. Pinnæ 6-10- jugee; foliola vix falcata, nitida, costa parum excentrica, 2-3 lin. longa. Ovarium longe stipitatum. Legumen rectum. Acacia filicicoma, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 109, excl. var. B. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 15. P. SUAVEOLENS, Mig. in Linnea, xviii. 589. Arborea, inermis. Pinne 6-10-juge ; foliola subfalcata, nitida, costa excentrica, 2-3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Surinam, near Bergendaal. The character given by Miquel appears to me to agree much better with the Brazilian P. nitida than with the Trinidad plant with which Grisebach has identified it, and which I cannot distinguish from the Columbian P. flava. The Surinam plant may, however, prove to be different from either. 16. P. CONTORTA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Arborea, inermis. Pinnæ 10-15- jugæ; foliola falcata, nitida, costa marginali, 1-2 lin. longa. Glandula petiolaris scutel- lata. Ovarium longe stipitatum. Legumen elongatum, sæpius contortum. Acacia contorta, DC. ! Prod. ii. 470. Acacia filicicoma, B, tenuior, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 110. Piptadenia filicicoma, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 336. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. ۰ 17. P. FOLIOLOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 336. Arborea, inermis. Pinne 12-20 ههد‎ : foliola falcata, nitida, costa submarginali, 2-21 lin. longa. Ovarium breviter stipitatum. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, on the Amazon, Peppig. Piptadenia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 369 18. P. MACRADENIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 335. Arborea?, inermis v. aculeis raris minimis. Pinne 6-10-jug&; foliola falcata, nitida, costa subcentrali, 3-4 lin. longa. Glandula petiolaris maxima, oblonga. Ovarium longiuscule stipitatum. Legumen rectum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Resembles P. communis, and, like that species and P. pteroclada, has the second year's branches often bordered by corky wings, but readily distinguished from them by the large gland and by the villous ovary. 19. P. MICRACANTHA, Benth.! in. Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. candens, aculeis minutis paucis. Pinnse 8-15-juge; foliola falcata, nitida, costa submarginali, 1-2 lin. longa. Petiolus seepius eglandulosus. Ovarium breviter stipitatum, Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. ۱ Resembles P. contorta, with similar small leaflets ; but the scandent habit, the presence of small prickles, and several minor characters appear sufficiently to distinguish it. Mimosa dumetorum, A. de St.-Hil. Pl. Rem. Brés. Introd. 11 (Acacia dumetorum, DC. Prod. ii. 458), from the very short diagnosis given, is probably a Piptadenia closely allied to, if not identical with, P. micracantha. ++ Ovarium glabrum. t Corolla tenuis, calyce minimo 4-5plo longior. Stamina longa. 90. P. BIUNCIPERA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 331. Arborea, aculeis stipularibus geminis recurvis. Pinne 8-12-juge; foliola falcata, obtusa, 2-3-linearia. Spice laxe, 3-pollicares. Legumen 8-9 poll. longum, 1 poll. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Piauhy and Bahia. Very closely allied to P. subtilifolia, from which, as far as hitherto known, it differs in the longer looser spikes and in the pods very much longer in proportion to the breadth. Both species are remarkable for the small calyx, long narrow corolla divided to the middle only, and the long stamens, all rather of a Mimosa than of a Piptadenia ; but both the pod and the glands of the anthers are those of Piptadenia. 91. P. SUBTILIFOLIA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 337. Arborea, aculeis geminis stipularibus subrectis v. recurvis v. inermis. Pinne 5-10-juge ; foliola falcata, obtusa, 11-2-linearia. Spices longiusculee, 1-2-pollicares. Legumen * oblongum." Acacia subtilifolia, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 268 (aculeata). Acacia viridiflora, Kunth! Mim. 81, t. 25 (subinermis), non Benth. Pl. Hartw. AD Hab. Tropical America: Ecuador, banks of the Chota river, and at-San Felipein the district of Bracamoras, Humboldt and Bonpland. ti Petala (more specierum plurimarum) calyce subduplo longiora, staminibus breviter exsertis. 92. P. RIGIDA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 938. Inermis, subglabra. تسیا‎ | 3-6-juge ; foliola falcata, nitida, convexiuscula, 2-5-nervia, costa submarginali, 4-linearia. Spies 1-13-pollicares. Semina anguste alata.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia Angico, Mart. ! Syst. Mat. Med. Veg. Bras. 53. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical South America: Brazil, prov. Rio Grande do Sul uay. and Paraguay e 370 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Piptadenia. 23. P. BOLIVIANA, Benth. Inermis, tomentella. Pinne 3-6-jugs ; foliola falcata, convexiuscula, 1-nervia, costa submarginali, 2-linearia. Spice 1-13-pollicares. Hab. Bolivia, Kelly (a specimen originally in Herb. Lambert, now at Kew). P. rigide certe valde affinis, diversa tamen videtur pube v. tomento minuto in ramulis petiolis inflo- rescentia foliolisque novellis rufescente, et foliolis dimidio minoribus costa sola subtus conspicua. Legu- men adhuc ignotum. 24. P. AFRICANA, Hook. f.! Fl. Nigr. 330. Inermis, tomentella. Pinn® 10-13-juge; foliola faleata, nitida, plano-concava, enervia, subtus obscure striolata, sub-3-linearia. Spicee 3—4-pollicares.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 328. l Hab. Tropical Africa: Upper and Lower Guinea, also apparently the same species on the Zambesi, Kirk. : | Evidently much more nearly allied to the two preeeding species than to either of the other Old-World . Piptadenie. : 25. P. TRISPERMA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 337. Scandens, aculeis sparsis v. raris recurvis infrastipularibus. Pinn® 3-6-jug& ; foliola obliqua, nitida, 3-6 lin. longa, margine nerviformi cincta, costa parum excentrica.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa trisperma, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 40. Acacia trisperma, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 108. a3 Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Bahia. 26. P. POLYPTERA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Scandens, aculeis recurvis in- frastipularibus minimis. Pinnæ 10-15-juge ; foliola subdimidiata, nitida, 2-3 lin. longa, margine nerviformi cincta, costa valde excentrica. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 27. P. communis, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 337. Arborea v. fruticosa, aculeis ' ad angulos v. alas ramorum parvis rectis v. incurvis. Pinnæ 5-12-juge ; foliola falcata, nitidula, 2—4 lin. longa, immarginata, costa parum excentrica. Spicze axillares v. breviter racemose.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia gonoacantha, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 109. Acacia callosa, Spreng. Syst. iii. 138? : Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, San Paolo, Bahia, Piauhy, Per- nambuco. 28. P. PrEROCLADA, Benth. Arborea, aculeis ad angulos v. alas ramorum paucis parvis rectis. Pinnz 12-18-juge; foliola faleata, nitida, 3—4 lin. longa, immarginata, costa parum excentrica. Spice longe racemose. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, woods and campos near Tarapoto, Spruce, n. 4536. Arbor procera, fide Sprucei 80-pedalis, trunco inermi, undique glaberrima v. rhachi spicarum vix puberula. Ramuli novelli subteretes, annotini sepius angulis 4-5 valde elevatis suberoso-alati. Aculei ad angulos pauci, breves, basi lati, in speciminibus recti. Foliorum petiolus communis 8-10 poll. longus, pinnz 2-3-pollicares. Glandula ad basin petioli oblonga, parva, elevata, nunc obscura, ad juga superiora 2-3 pinnarum parve, ad foliolorum paria 2-3 superiora minimze, Foliola ultra 50-juga, lineari-falcata, marginibus ut in P. rigida recurvis, costa tamen minus excentrica. Spies tenues, ad 3 poll. longze, secus rhachin racemi v. panicule terminalis aphylli subpedalis per 2-3 fasciculate. Calyx 4 lin. longus. Corolla lineam longa. Legumen ignotum. : A PEINE ر‎ AS UT S A Eee EN EEE ZEITEN EUCH rar Piptadenia} —— MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 371 29. P. FLAVA, Benth. Arborea v. fruticosa, pubescens v. glabrata, aculeis demum recurvis sparsis, v. inermis. Pinnæ 6-10-juge; foliola membranacea, 2-4 lin. longa, rectiuscula, plana, costa parum excentrica, pallida. Spice axillares v. breviter racemose. Acacia flava, Spreng. ! Syst. iii. 141; DC.! Prod. ii. 469. Piptadenia viridiflora, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 337, excl. syn. Piptadenia suaveolens, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 710, non Miq. Hab. Tropical America: Ecuador, Guayaquil, Hartweg, n. 653 ; Columbia, Trujillo, Moritz, n. 1461; Trinidad, Crueger; Santa Marta, Bertero. I believe I am correct in uniting all the specimens above quoted as one species, which I formerly mistook for the Acacia viridiflora of Kunth, but which now, since I have seen Kunth's plant, I find to be very different. The P. flava has the calyx half as long as the corolla, and in the dried state is thickened ät the base into a small ring; and the petals, as in most Piptadenie, are free nearly to the base without the narrow tube of P. subtilifolia, to which I have above referred the Acacia viridiflora. The Acacia flava of DC. was founded on specimens of Bertero, infruit only. The foliage agrees with that of our plant, and the inflorescence had been evidently similarly spicate ; but the pods are smaller than those of Hartweg's Guayaquil specimens; the identity of the two plants may therefore still be in some measure doubtful. Sectio 2. PITYROCARPA. Spies cylindracee. Legumen inter semina ssepius constrictum, marginibus haud in- crassatis, valvis coriaceis, siccitate glanduloso-leprosis. Arboresinermes. Foliola latius- cula, uninervia. : 30. P. BLANCHETI, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Pinne 1- rarius 2-jug® ; foliola 2-3-juga, petiolulata, oblique ovali- v. obovali-oblonga, obtusa, ¿-13-pol- licaria. Spice axillares, 1-13-pollicares. Ovarium glabrum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 31. P. IN QUALIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 339. Subglabra. Pinns 2-3- jugæ; foliola 2-5-juga, sessilia, faleato-ovata v. oblonga, 1-3-pollicaria v. hine inde minora. Spice axillares, sub-2-pollicares. Ovarium glanduloso-puberulum.— F1. Bras. im. Entada ingefolia, Presl, Epimel. Bot. 205, ex char. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 39. P. LEPTOSTACHYA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 339. Puberula v. glabrata. Pinne 3-4-juge ; foliola 5-8-juga, oblique falcato-ovata v. oblonga, nitida, vix pollicaria. Spicee axillares, graciles, folio vix breviores. Ovarium glabrum.—F!. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio J aneiro. 33. P. MONILIFORMIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 939. Tomentoso-pubescens. Pinne 2-4-juge; foliola 7-10-juga, oblique ovata subrhombea, 4-6 lin. longa, supra nitida nigricantia, subtus tomentosa. Spice axillares, 2-3-pollicares. Legumen inter semina valde constrictum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. ` Sophora obliqua, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 452. Acacia Thibaudiana, DC. ! Prod. ii. 456. ; Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Piauhy. 372 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Piptadenia. 34. P. PSILOSTACHYA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot.iv.336. Puberula. Pinnæ 7-10- juge; foliola multijuga, oblonga, subfalcata, obtusa, 4 lin. longa, glabra, nitida, sub- 2-nervia. Spice graciles, axillares, 2-3-pollicares. Ovarium stipitatum, villosum. Acacia psilostachya, DC.! Prod. ii. 457. Acacia stenostachya, Desv.! in Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occid. 59. Inga stenostachya, Desv. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 1. ix. 427. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Martin; Surinam, Wullschnagel. Rami leviter striati. Stipule parvz, ovate, seepe desunt. Foliorum petiolus communis sub-4-pollicaris. Pinnz 3-pollicares. Glandula majuscula oblonga ad basin petioli, minor infra jugum supremum pinnarum, minima infra foliorum paria 1-3 superiora. Spice in axillis summis v. ad apices ramorum fasciculata. Flores ¿ lin. longi, extus cano-tomenteli. Legumen ignotum, et idcirco locus in systemate adhuc incertus. Sectio 3. NIOPA. Capitula globosa. Legumen inter semina constrictum v. subcontinuum, planum, cori- aceum, marginibus nerviformibus incrassatis. Arbores inermes. Pinne multijuge. Foliola multijuga, parva, linearia. The four species comprised in this section differ remarkably from the rest of the genus in their globose capitate inflorescence ; and two of them, without the characteristic gland of the anthers, would appear in these respects to have been better placed in Leucena ; but they are too closely connected with the two species which have the gland to be separated from them ; and the pod and especially the broad orbicular very flat and thin exalbuminous seeds are entirely those of Piptadenia, and not of Leucena. * Antheris glanduliferis. 35. P. MACROCARPA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot.iv.341. Pinne multijuge ; foliola multijuga, parva. Pedunculi ad axillas fasciculati, summi vix racemosi. Legumen sub- falcatum, 2-1 poll. latum, inter semina nonnisi seminum abortione contractum, opacum v. nitidulum.—-77. Bras. Mim. P. microphylla, Benth. ! 1. c. (non Acacia microphylla, Willd.). Acacia grata, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1056, ex diagnosi nimis brevi. Hab. "Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Goyaz and Matto- grosso; Bolivia, Weddell, D’Orbigny ; Tucuman, Tweedie; and perhaps also Loxa in Ecuador, Jameson; but the determination of flowering specimens without the fruits is often very doubtful. 36. P. COLUBRINA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 341. Pinng multijugz ; foliola multijuga, parva. Pedunculi fasciculati, ad apices ramorum racemosi v. panieulati, in- ferioribus paucis axillaribus. Legumen elongatum, 4-3 poll. latum, inter semina regu- lariter constrictum, nitidum, leve v. reticulatum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa colubrina, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 16. Acacia colubrina, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 107. Acacia peregrina, Kunth ! Mim. 96. t. 30, excl. syn. Linn. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Bahia, San Paolo, Goyaz; Bolivia, Sorata, Mandon, n. 760; Tucuman, Tweedie; Peru, Chota, Humboldt and Bonpland ; Huanuco, Matthews, n. 907. Pi ia. ۱ iptadenia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 373 ** Antheris eglandulosis. 97. P. PEREGRINA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 340 pro parte. Glabra v. vix tomentella. Pinnæ 10-13-jug&; foliola multijuga, linearia, imbricata, 14-2 lin. longa, costa tenui v. vix conspicua. Legumen semipedale, 6-8 lin. latum, coriaceum, sub- leprosum, marginibus vix incrassatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa peregrina, Linn. Spec. 1504. Acacia peregrina, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1073, non Kunth. Acacia microphylla, Willd. 1. c. Mimosa parvifolia, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 74. Acacia Niopo, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 282. Inga Niopo, Willd. Spec. iv. 1027. Mimosa Niopo, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 48. Acacia angustiloba, DC. Prod. ii. 470. Mimosa? acacioides, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 132, Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, and Rio Negro; Guiana, Trinidad, Venezuela. 38. P. FALCATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 341. Glabra. Pinnæ 10-18-juge; foliola multijuga, linearia, 21-3 lin. longa, coriacea, nitida. Legumen semipedale v. longius, ad ? poll. latum, coriaceum, marginibus vix incrassatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: South Brazil. VII. Xyuia, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 594. I had not observed the glands at the tips of the anthers, which usually fall off as soon as the flower opens. They are, however, rather large, on a long stipes. The genus must therefore be transferred from the Eumimosez to the Adenantherez. 1. X. DOLABRIFORMIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 417; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 186. Mimosa xylocarpa, Roxb.! Corom. Pl. i. 68, t. 100. Acacia xylocarpa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1055. Inga zylocarpa, DC.! Prod. ii. 439. Mimosa Acle, Blanco, Fl. Filip. 738, ed. 2. 509. Inga lignosa, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5278. Inga dolabriformis, Grah. ! l. c. n. 5279. ۱ Hab. Tropical Africa, East India, and the Indian archipelago. VIII. SrryPHNODENDRON, Mart. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 590. Leaflets mostly alternate in all the species except S. coriaceum, in which many of them are opposite, but not constantly so, as in Piptadenia. 1. S. CORIACEUM, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Bamuli crassi, fusco-tomentelli. Pinne 2-3-juge ; foliola 4-6 juga, oblique ovata, suborbiculata, subcordata, 2-13 polli- caria, demum coriacea, glabra. Corolla calyce pubescente duplo longior. Legumen 4-5-pollicare. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Minas Geraes. 2. 8. BARBATIMAM, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Ramuli crassi, rufo-tomentelli. 374 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Stryphnodendron. Pinne 5-8 juge ; foliola 6-8 juga, oblique ovata v. orbiculata, subtus basi seepe barbata, 3-13-pollicaria. . Corolla calyce glabro plus triplo longior. Legumen 24-3-pollicare.— Fl. Bras. Mim. . | : Acacia adstringens, Mart.! Reise, i. 548. Mimosa Barba-de-Timam, V ell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 7. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and San Paolo. 3. S. POLYPHYLLUM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Ramuli crassi, pulveraceo-tomen- telli. Pinne 15-20-jug& ; foliola 10-20-juga, oblique oblongo-elliptica, pubescentia v. villosa, 3-4-linearia. Corolla calyce glabro plus triplo longior. Legumen 4-5-pollicare. — Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, Et Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, San taolo, and Goyaz. 4. S. ROTUNDIFOLIUM, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Subglabrum. Pinnæ 5-8-jugz ; foliola 5-8-juga, oblique orbieulata, subtus pallida v. alba, subsemipollicaria. Corolla calyce triplo longior.—Fl. Bras. Mim. | S. discolor, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 342. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Piauhy. 5. S. OBOVATUM, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabrum. Pinne TE foliola 6-10-juga, oblique obovato- v. rhombeo-oblonga, 3—4-linearia, subtus- pallida. Co- rolla calyce triplo longior. Legumen curvum, sub-4-pollicare. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz and Mattogrosso. 6. S. MICROSTACHYUM, Popp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 82. Ramuli teretes petiolique ferrugineo-puberul. Pinnæ 5—7-juge; foliola 8-10-juga, oblique rhombeo- oblonga, i-i-polliearia, supra nitida, subtus glauca. Corolla puberula, calyce duplo longior.—Fl. Bras. Mim. S. inequale, Benth. ! in Herb. Mus. Petrop. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 7. S. GUIANENSE, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ramuli subteretes petiolique ferru- gineo-tomentelli. Pinnze 6-12-juge; foliola 8-10-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, 4-5-line- aria, supra nitida, nigricantia, subtus rufescentia. Corolla glabra, calyce subtriplo lon- gior. Legumen rectum v. leviter incurvum. Mimosa guianensis, Aubl. Pl. Gui. 938, t. 357. Acacia guianensis, Willd. Spec. iv. 1061. Piptadenia guianensis, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 335. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne. 8. S. FLORIBUNDUM, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 343. Ramuli angulati, novelli petiolique tomentelli. Pinnz 12-15-juge; foliola 10-20-juga, oblique oblonga, subtus pallida, puberula, 2 rarius 3 lin. longa. Corolla puberula, calyce duplo E Le- gumen rectum v. leviter arcuatum, 4-pollicare.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia pulcherrima, Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1061. Mimosa pulcherrima, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 66. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, and on the Amazon and Rio Negro; British Guiana, Schomburgk. y a E Stryphnodendron.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 375 9. S. ANGUSTUM, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ramuli teretiusculi, novelli petio- lique tomentelli. Pinnse 12-15-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, subtus pal- lida, 2-23-linearia. Corolla vix pubescens, calyce duplo longior. Hab. A poal America : North Brazil, near Barra do Rio Negro. - The four preceding species are very closely allied to each other, and may possibly prove to de forms only of one species. IX. ADENANTHERA, Linn. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 590. Leaflets mostly alternate. 1. A. PAVONINA, Linn. Spec. 550. Subglabra. Pinn® 2-5-juge ; foliola 6-10-juga, ovata v. oblongo-elliptica, obtusissima v. emarginata, ¿-13-pollicaria. Spice subsemipe- dales. Legumen falcatum, subpedale, 6-8 lin. latum. Semina undique coceinea.— Wight, Illustr. Bot. Ind. t. 84 (80); Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 46. Hab. Tropical Asia: East India and the Archipelago, common; tropical Africa, but perhaps introduced, as it certainly is in the West Indies and other parts of tropical America, and possibly in tropical Australia. 2. A. MICROSPERMA, Teijsm. et Binnend. in Nat, Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. xxvii. 58. Pinne 4-6-juge; foliola 6-8-juga, insequali-ovalia, basi acuta, apice obtusa, subtus glauca, 2-lji-polliearia. Racemi confertiflori. Legumina sicca tortilia. Semina com- pressiuscula, miniata. Hab. Java, Teijsmann. I have not seen this plant. It is said to differ from 4. pavonina in the form and size of the leaves, and smaller seeds. The dimensions given of the leaflets, however, are the usual ones of A. pavonina. 9. A. BICOLOR, Moon, Cat. 34 ex Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 98. Glabra. Pinnæ 1-3- juge; foliola 3-4-juga, ovata v. ovato-lanceolata, acutiuscula, 2-11-pollicaria. Spice 3—4-pollieares. Legumen valde contortum, 6-8 lin. latum. Semina dimidiate bicoloria coccinea et nigra. Hab. Tropical Asia: Ceylon and Malacca. 4. A. ABROSPERMA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phyt. Austral. v. 30. Hab. Tropical Australia: Queensland. | This is the doubtful species from Gilbert's River, mentioned in Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 299 as known only from an imperfect specimen, consisting of a leaf resembling those of 4. pavonina, with detached pods, short and bulky, slightly falcate, with red and white seeds, like those of A. bicolor. It has since been again found during Hann's Expedition to Cape-York Peninsula; but the specimens sent are again fragmentary, and give no further data for characterizing the species. The doubtful plant from Rovuma river, in tropical Africa, mentioned by Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 330, under Adenanthera, proves to be a Cassia, closely allied to, if not identical with, C. abbreviata, Oliv. ; X. TETRAPLEURA, Benth. Benth. et: Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 590. 1. T. THONNINGII, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 345. Glabra. Pinnæ 5-8-juge ; 4 oliola multijuga, subsessilia, elliptico-oblonga, obtusa v. retusa, 5-7-linearia. Legumen 1 btusum, 6-10-pollicare, acute lateque 4-alatum.— Oliv. / Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 330. | Adenanthera tetraptera, Schum. et Thonn. Beskr. Pl. Guin. 213. | Hab. Tropical Africa: Upper and Lower Guinea. | ver - 3D 376 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Tetrapleura. 2. T. ANDONGENSIS, Welw.; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 331. Glabra. Pinne 3—4-juge ; foliola multijuga, distincte petiolulata, ovali-elliptica, obtusa v. retusa, 6-9 lin. longa. Legumen 4-5-pollicare, acutum, anguste 4-alatum. Hab. Tropical Africa: Lower Guinea. 3. T. OBTUSANGULA, Welw.; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 331. Legumen obtusum, cla- vato-tetragonum, exalatum. Cetera ignota. Hab. Tropical Africa: Lower Guinea. XI. GAGNEBINA, DC. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 591. 1. G. TAMARISCINA, DO. !, Prod. ii. 432. G. axillaris, DC.! l. c. et Mém. Leg. t. 64. Mimosa tamariscina, Lam. Dict. i. 13. Acacia tamariscina, Willd. Spec. iv. 1062. Prosopis tamariscina, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 165. Mimosa pterocarpa,, Lam. Dict. i. 13. Hab. Mauritius. XII. Prosopis, Linn. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 591. Sectio 1. ADENOPIS. Petala intus glabra. Ovarium glabrum. Legumen teres v. valde incrassatum, endo- carpio intra mesocarpium fibrosum articulos subdistinctos circa semina formante. Species Asiaticee, aculeis sparsis recurvis armatz v. hinc inde inermes. 1. P. sPICIGERA, Linn. Mant. 18. Arborea v. fruticosa, glabra, glauca. Pinnæ 1-2- juge; foliola 6-12-juga, oblongo-linearia, 4-4 poll. longa. Spice laxse, 2—4-pollicares. Legumen 6-8-pollicare, subrectum, foFulosüii: —Roxb.! Corom. Pl. t. 63. Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 56. Brand. For. Fl. Ind. t. 25. P. spicata, Burm. Fl. Ind. 102, t. 25. f. 3. Adenanthera aculeata, Roxb.! Fl. Ind. ii. 37. Mimosa cineraria, Linn. Spec. 1500 ad Plum. Ic. t. 2.f. 1. Acacia cineraria, Willd. Spec. iv. 1057, W. et Arn.! Prod. Fl. Penins. 278. Hab. "Tropical and subtropical Asia: Western provinces of East India and Persia. 2. P. STEPHANIANA, Kunth, in Steud. Nom. Bot. Fruticosa, glabra, glauca. Pinne 3-6-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice dense, 1-13-polli- cares. Legumen crassissimum, ovoideum v. oblongum, rectum v. valde incurvum, sub- pollicare. Mimosa Stephaniana, Bieb. Casp. 205, ex ejusd. Fl. Taur.-cauc. ii. 449. Acacia Stephaniana, Willd. Spec. iv. 1088. Lagonychium Stephanianum, Bieb. ! Fl. Taur.-cauc. Suppl. 288. Deless. Ic. Sel. iii. t. 75. Mimosa agrestis, Sieb.! in Spreng. Syst. ii. 206. Acacia heterocarpa, Delile, Cent. Pl. Caill. 19, ex Deless. Ic. Sel. iii. 42. Acacia persica, Sterler, Hort. Nymph. ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Mimosa farcta, Russ. Nat. Hist. Alep. ii. 266, ex char. Hab. East Mediterranean Region: Caucasus, Levant, Persia, Afghanistan, uyi j extending to Egypt if the reference to Delile’s plant be correct, Prosopis.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 379 Sectio 2. ANONYCHIA. ugh sometimes Petala intus glabra. Ovarium villosum. Legumen teres, endocarpi pium fibrosum continuo inter semina septato. Species Africana inermiss elongatis 3. P. OBLONGA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 848. Arborea, $® ly Pinnz 2- rarius 3-jugee; foliola 5-11-juga, oblonga v. lanceolata, 1-1-porpollicare, dense, 13-3-pollicares. Legumen 3-4 poll. longum, 4-1 poll. crassum.— Oh Afr. ii. 381. go and Coulteria ? africana, Guill. et Perr. ! Fl. Seneg. 256. P. lanceolata, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 347. 3 liorum Anonychium lanceolatum, Schweinf. Rel. Kotsch. 7, t. 7. ; 81-9 Entada? durissima, Baill. Adans. vi. 208. . labri, Hab. Tropical Africa: Upper Guinea, Nile land. NS lde Sectio 9. ALGAROBIA. Petala intus apice lanata. Ovarium villosum. Legumen planum v. demunis vexum, rarius subteres, rectum arcuatum v. annulatum, endocarpio intra mesocar , fibroso-carnosum articulos nuciformes distinctos cirea semina formante. Species An canz, spinis axillaribus solitariis geminisve armat: v. inermes. 4. P. JULIFLORA, DC. Prod. ii. 447. Arborea v. alte fruticosa, glabra v. puberu spinis axillaribus armata v. rarius inermis. Pinn® 1-2-juge; foliola 6-30-juga, oblong v. linearia, variant lata et 2-8 lin. longa v. angusta et 1—1-pollicaria, obtusa v. acutiuscula. Spice 2-4-pollicares, densæ v. tenues et interrupte. Legumen rectum arcuatum v. in annulum perfectum curvatum, primum planum, demum seepius ad semina v. undique con- vexum v. valde incrassatum, rarius teres, extus inter semina lineis transversis depressum y. continuum ; variat 2-6 poll. longum, 3-5 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa juliflora, Swartz! Prod. 85, Fl. Ind. Occid. 986 (errore typogr. piliflora). Acacia juliflora, Willd. Spec. iv. 1076. Mimosa salinarum, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 35. Desmanthus salinarum, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 1. Acacia salinarum, DC. Prod. 1i. 456. Prosopis horrida, Kunth! Mim. 106, t. 33. Prosopis dulcis, Kunth ! Mim. 110, t. 34. Algarobia dulcis, Benth. ! Pl. Hartw. 13. Prosopis inermis, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 306. Acacia pallida, Willd. Spec. iv. 1059. Mimosa pallida, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 65. Prosopis pallida, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 309. Acacia cumanensis, Will. Spec. iv. 1058. Mimosa cumana, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 65. Prosopis cumanensis, H., B et. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 310. Acacia diptera, Willd. ! Enum. Hort. Berol. 1051. Acacia flexuosa, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 16. Prosopis flexuosa, DC. Prod. ii. 447 ; Hook. et Arn. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 203. P. fruticosa, Meyen! Reise, i. 376. Mimosa furcata, Desf. Cat. 180, ex Pers. Syn. ii. 263. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE4, [ Prosopis. 376 sv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 67. im, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 16. 9. T. ANDONGEN "m, DC. Prod. ii. 447. foliola multijuga Legumen 4-5-p' Hab. Tropic: ta, Poir. Dict. ; Willd. Spec. iv. 1059. Suppl. i. 65. ngensis et P. bracteolata, DC.! Prod. ii. 447. reng. Syst. ii. 326. 3. T. OBTUSa, Torr. ! in Ann. Lyc. N. York, ii. 192, t. 2. vato-tetragon/andulosa, Torr. et Gr.! Fl. N. Amer. i. 399. Hab. 'Tro»dorata, Torr. in Frem. Rep. 313, t. 1, excl. fr. Vest tropical and subtropical North and South America: very abundant from Benth. etAyres and Chile, along the Andes, to Mexico and Texas, and frequently planted 1. G. sweet, somewhat pulpy fruit, known under the name of Algarobo. I have seen G.aaild specimens from Brazil, Guiana, nor from any part of the basin of the Upper MimosOn. Acaci great variations in the breadth and size of the leaflets, the production or non-production of spines Prosfferent branches or at different ages of the same tree, and the multitudinous shapes assumed by thc Mix in ripening, have occasioned the publication of an unusually large number of species, founded often fragmentary specimens. I g to a marked character. have in vain endeavoured to sort them into varieties of any thing approach- ! B. P. LIMENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 350. Pubescens, spinis axillaribus paucis armata. Pinne 2-3-juge; foliola 6-12-juga, parva, oblonga, obtusa. Spice densze, sub-4-pollicares. Legumen rectum, subteres, 13-22-pollicare. Hab. Tropical America : Lima in Peru, Mathews, Cuming, n. 974. Ramuli, petioli, spine et rachis pinnarum pubescentes. Spine paucz, solitarie v. geminze, semipolli- cares, valide. Foliola 14-21 lin. longa, conferta, utrinque puberula. Glandule parve inter pinnas utriusque paris, minime inter foliola suprema, nonnunquam deficientes. Flores P. Juliflore v. calyx pro- portione coroll brevior. Legumen 5 lin. latum et crassum, inter semina nequaquam constrictum, endo- carpio tamen ut in P. juliflora, circa semina in articulos nuciformes distinctos secedente. ۱ It will require a better series of specimens than we possess to determine whether this be really more than a local variety of P. juliflora. 1 ۱ 6. P. pENUDANS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 851. Puberula, spinis axillaribus validis brevibus. Pinnse l-jugs; foliola 2-3-juga, linearia, 1-3 lin. longa. Spieze ob- longe. Anthere eglandulose. Legumen compressum, contorto-arcuatum, 13-pollicare, 3 lin. latum. Hab. Extratropical South America: Patagonia, Port Desire, Middleton; Port St. Elena, King. Frutex humilis, ramis crassis brevibus flexuosis. Spine conice, demum fere pollicares, in ramulis floridis multo breviores. Stipule fere obsolete. Foliorum petiolus communis 2-3 lin. longus, pin- narum raches vix longiores. Foliola crassiuscula, novella utrinque pubescentia. Spice j—1-pollicares, pedunculo 3—4-lineari fultz, rachi pubescente. Flores siccitate nigricantes, extus glabri. Calyx parvus. Petala 1} lin. longa, intus apice lanata. Stamina breviter exserta, antheris in alabastro eglandulosis. Notwithstanding the absence of the anther- nearly so in the following one, glands, apparently constant in the present species and the fruit and other characters refer them both, without doubt, to the section -Prosopis.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 379 Algarobia of Prosopis. The endocarp appears in both to form articles quite distinct, although sometimes contiguous. 7. P. HumILIs, Gill. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 204, Glabra, spinis axillaribus elongatis striatis. Folia nulla v. ad petiolum 1-2-foliolatum reducta. Spice cylindracer, 3-1}- pollicares. Antherz vix glandulose. Legumen compressum, falcatum, 3—4-pollicare, 4—5 lin. latum. Hab. Extratropical South America: Pampas of Buenos Ayres, Gillies; San Jago and Patagonia, Tweedie. Fruticulus subaphyllus, spinis seepe pollicaribus ramulisque rigidis sulcato-striatis insignis. Foliorum petiolus dum adest 2-3 lin. longus, apice biaristatus, et supra glandulam parvam foliola ferens 1-2 minima, lanceolata, acutissima. Spine sepius gemine, v. altera in spicam mutata. Flores extus glabri, calyce minimo, petalis 14 v. fere 2 lin. longis, intus apice lanatis. Ovarium subsessile, villosissimum. Anthere seepius eglandulosz, interdum glandulam minutam sessilem detexi. Legumen immaturum valde compressum, marginibus incrassatis, demum utrinque convexum, subtorulosum. 8. P. SERICANTHA, G/l.! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 204.— Puberula, aphylla, ramulis erectis rigidis plerisque apice subspinescentibus. Spies cylindracese, subsessiles, dense, 1-14-pollicares. Flores extus hirsuti. Calyx 3 lin., petala 14 lin. longa. Antherz distinete glandulifere. Legumen rectiuseulum, compressum, demum utrinque con- vexum, 3-4-pollicare, 4 lin. latum. Hab. Extratropical South America: Province of San Luis. Species dubia. 9? P. HETEROPHYLLA, Benth. 1 in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 82. Glabra, inermis. Sti- pulse obsolete. Foliorum petiolus longus, complanatus. Pinnz ad apicem 1-2-juge, foliolis 12-15-jugis parvis, v. nulle. Spice subsessiles. Legumen planum, rectum, 44- pollicare, 5 lin. latum. Hab. Extratropical North America; Sonora alta in Mexico, Coulter. Ramuli tenues, subteretes, albidi. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-7 poll. longus, linea paullo latior v / angustior, quasi phyllodineus, nunc nudus apice obtusus, nunc summo apice pinnas 2, rarius 4, 1-13-poll 1 cares ferens. Glandule obscure inter pinnas et inter foliola summa. Foliola crassiuscula, 1-2-nervia, 2 lin. longa, acutiuscula, glabra v. pilis raris conspersa. Flores non vidi. Spice fructifere rhachis 14- pollicaris. Legumen adhuc immaturum tenue, reticulatum. This very anomalous species was described from a single specimen in the herbarium of Trinity College, Dublin, which I have not since seen. It seems doubtful whether it be a Prosopis or an Acacia; but it appeared most to resemble in general habit some of the southern species of the former genus. Sectio 4. STROMBOCARPA. Petala intus apice lanata (excepta P. striata). Ovarium villosum. Legumen cras- sum, cochleato-contortum v. gyris numerosis spirale, endocarpio vario (in articulos distinctos v. subconnexos incrassato v. continuo v. vix a mesocarpio distineto). Frutices Americani. Stipulse spinescentes basi seepe connatz.. Spinee axillares desunt. A. Gray proposes to reduce the section or genus Sirombocarpa strictly to those species in which the endocarp is continous, or scarcely distinguishable from the mesocarp, referring P. torquata and P. abbre- viata to Algarobia; but the pod of the latter species is exactly intermediate between the irregularly spiral, - almost jointed pod, with distinctly articled endocarp, of P. torquata, and the closely spiral one with con- tinuous endocarp of P. strombulifera; aud in other characters, especially in the stipular not axillary 380 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Prosopis. spines, and the general form of the pod, the line of distinction between the two sections appears much more definite by including P. torquata in Strombocarpa. * Spice cylindracee v. ovoidee. 10. P. TORQUATA, DC. Prod. ii. 448. Puberula v. glabrata. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 15-25-juga, linearia, lineam longa. Legumen subcompressum, 3-4 lin. latum, irregu- lariter laxeque subspiraliter tortum, margine exteriore inter semina valde intruso sub- moniliforme, endocarpio in articulos nuciformes circa semina distincto. Acacia torquata, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Gen. et Sp. Nov. 16. Hab. Extratropical South America; prov. San Louis, Gillies. _ Frutex ramulis flexuosis foliisque minute viscido-puberulis glabrisve. Spine stipulares in ramulis hornotinis et in gemmis floriferis minime, in ramis vetustioribus valid, rectee, divaricate, semipollicares v. paullo longiores, basi connate. Foliorum petiolus communis vix linea longior, inter pinnas glandulifer. Pinne subpollicares, rachi eglandulosa v. inter foliola superiora glandula minuta instructa. Flores non vidi. Spice fructifere e gemmis axillaribus foliosis oriunde, rachi 1}-pollicari. Legumen interdum gyris 2-3 laxe spirale, sæpe extensum et valde irregulariter contortum. 11. P. ABBREVIATA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 352. Puberula v. glabrata. Pinne ljugæ; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, vix lineam longa. Spice ovoidee. Legumen spiraliter contortum, gyris 7-8 laxis v. nonnullis v. omnibus arcte confertis, endocarpio inter semina subdistincto. j Hab. Extratropical South America, San J ago, T'weedie. Frutex elegans ramosissimus, ramulis flexuosis. Spine stipulares geminee, divaricate, plereeque parva, hinc inde fere 3 poll. longe. Folia in gemmis axillaribus fasciculata, petiolo communi vix lineam longo ; glandule inter pinnas minute. Pinnz 6-9 lin. long, ut videtur eglandulose. Foliola obtusissima, cras- siuscula. Pedunculi sub spica semipollicares; spice ovoidex rarius fere globose, rhachi semipollicari. Flores extus pubescentes, calyce fere semilineari, corolla lineam longa. Antherarum glandula stipitata. Ovarium stipitatum, villosissimum. The pod in this species appears variable, sometimes almost as closely spiral as in the following species, sometimes with some of the spires very loose and almost interrupted between the seeds. 12. P. PUBESCENS, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 82. Cano-pubescens v. demum glabrata. Pinnz 1-juge ; foliola 5-8-juga, oblonga v. obovata, 3-4-linearia. Spice 13-2- rollicares, laxæ. Flores extus glabri. Legumen spirale, gyris 12-20 in cylindrum 1i-polliearem arcte confertis. Strombocarpa pubescens, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. i. 60. Prosopis Emoryi, Torr. ! in Emory, Rep. 139. ۰ Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas, Mexico, California. The fruit figured under P. odorata, by Torr. in Frem. Rep. t. 1, is, according to A. Gray, Bot. Whipple Exped. 26, that of P. pubescens, which had been sent with the foliage of P. juliflora. ** Spice exacte globoso-capitate. | 13. P. STROMBULIFERA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 352. Glaberrima. Pinne. 1-juge; foliola 4-6-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-14 lin. longa. Capitula in pedunculo pol- licari semipollicem diametro. Legumen spirale, gyris ad 10 in cylindrum pollicarem v. longiorem 3-4 lin. diametro arcte confertis. Mimosa strumbulifera, Lam. Dict. i. 15. E T E Prosopis.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 381 Acacia strombulifera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1055. Mimosa circinalis, Cav. Ic. vi. 41, in adnot. Hab. Extratropical South America: Andes of Menoza, Gillies, Bacle. The original misspelling of the specific name with an v instead of an o was owing to the French custom of pronouncing the u before an m in Latin words like an o. 14. P. REPTANS, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 352. Minute puberula v. glabrata. Pinne 1-jug&; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga, linea breviora. Capitula quam in P. strom- bulifera minora. Legumen spirale, gyris ad 10 in cylindrum fere pollicarem 2-3-lin. diametro arcte confertis, endocarpio vix a mesocarpio distincto. Hab. Extratropical South America: Cordova, T'weedie, called Mostworta, and used as a cure for dysentery. Fruticulus humilis, e radice repente adscendens v. erectus, ramosissimus, Ramuli striati, uti folia minute viscido-puberuli mox glabrati. Stipule spinescentes tenues, nunc minim:e, nunc 3-5 lin. longe. Foliorum petiolus communis vix lineam longus, inter pinnas glandulifer. Pinns 3-4 lin. longe. Fo- liola conferta, obtusissima. Pedunculi 9-10 lin. longi. Flores extus glabri. Calyx semilineam vix excedens, corolla 13 lin. longe. Antherarum glandula stipitata, 15. P. CINERASCENS, A. Gray. Fruticulus P. reptanti simillimus, nec distinguendus nisi pube evidentiore presertim in pedunculis et interdum in floribus ipsis, et foliolis paullo majoribus et 13 lin. longis. Strombocarpa cinerascens, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. i. 61. Mimosa calcarea, Buckl. in Proc. Amer. Acad. 1861, 453; 1863, 162, ex A. Gray. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas and Mexico, Berlandier, n. 2013, 3143, Gregg, Emory. Species dubia. 16. P. STRIATA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 83. Fruticosa ? Glabra. Ramuli crassi, striati, apice attenuato-spinescentes. Stipulw parve, spinescentes, recurve, basi subconnats. Folia pauca, petiolo communi brevissimo. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 2-3-juga, oblonga, ad 2 lin. longa. Spice globose, parvze, peduneulo tenui. Corolla membra- 'nacea, glabra. Anthere glandulifere. Ovarium villosum. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Extratropical South America: Port St. Elena in Patagonia, King. The corolla in this species is rather more that of a Mimosa than of a Prosopis ; but the habit, the glan- duliferous anthers, etc. are those of Prosopis. Till the fruit has been seen, however, the genus must remain uncertain. XIII. XERoCLADIA, Harv. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 591. X. ZEYHERI, Harv.! Fl. Cap. ii. 278. recurvee, spinescentes. Folia pauca, parva. Capitula parva globosa. Acacia viridiramis, Burch. ! Trav. i. 300. Hab. Extratropical South Africa. XIV. Dicurostacuys, DC. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 592. Gland usually only between the lowest pair of pinnz, rarely between all. 1. D. TENUIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ, Bot. iv. 353. Ramuli P, petioli pubes- Fruticulus rigide ramosissimus. Stipule 382 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Dichrostachys. centi-hirti. Pinnæ 5-6-juge; glandule parve subsessiles v. 0; foliola multijuga, anguste linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Spica globoss densee, pedunculo infra spicam nudo v. interrupte paucifloro. Legumen sublignosum, ی هی‎ ROME 3-4 lin. latum, marginibus valde incrassatis. Mimosa bicolor, Hels. et Boj.! MS. Hab. Madagascar, Bojer (in flower), Pervillé (in fruit). 2. D. PLATYCARPA, Welw. Apont. 576. Ramuli et petioli pubescenti-hirti. Pinna 10-18-juge; glandule parvee, stipitatee; foliola multijuga, anguste linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Spice cylindracez. Legumen 3-1} poll. latum.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. er li. 3383. Hab. Tropical Africa: Upper and Lower Guinea. This and the preceding species are readily distinguished from all others by the narrow leaflets. 3. D. CINEREA, Wight et Arn.! Prod. 271. Puberula. Pinnæ 8-10-juge; glandule ssepius breviter stipitatee (interdum sessiles?) ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, 4-1 lin. longa. Spice cylindracee. Flores parvi. Legumen 3, rarius 4 lin. latum.— Wight, Ic. t. 357; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 185. | Mimosa cinerea, Linn. Spec. 1505; Roxb.! Corom. Pl. ii. 39, t. 174. Desmanthus cinereus, Willd. Spec. iv. 1048. Acacia cinerea, Spreng. Syst. iii. 143. Acacia Dalea, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 69. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian Peninsula. This and the following species are certainly, as observed by Oliver, very closely allied ; but the Penin- sular specimens appear to me to have always much smaller leaflets and flowers, and a narrower pod than D. nutans, and the glands of the common petiole are usually less stipitate. Desmanthus callistachys, DC. Prod. ii. 445, described from a cultivated specimen from the Courrant garden in Teneriffe, which I did not find, or overlooked, in De Candolle's herbarium, is distinguished by the gland being sessile. I should therefore be disposed to refer it rather to the D. cinerea than to D. nutans. It is too shortly characterized for further identification. 4. D. nutans, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 353. Puberula v. وه‎ Pinne 5-12-juge ; glandulze stipitate ; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3, rarius 4 lin. longa. Spice cylindracee. Legumen 4-5 lin. latum.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 333. Mimosa nutans, Pers. Syn. ii. 266. Desmanthus nutans, DC. ۱ Prod. ii. 446. Mimosa sanguinea (Ergell y Dimmo), Bruce, 'Trav. vii. 147, 148, t. 6. Mimosa bicolor, Schum. ! et Thonn. Beskr. Pl. Guin. 326. Caillea dichrostachys, Guill. et Perr.! Fl. Seneg. i. 240. Desmanthus trichostachys, DC. ! Prod. ii. 445, Mém. Lég. t. 67. Desmanthus leptostachys, DC. ! Prod. ii. 445. Desmanthus divergens, Willd. Spec. iv. 1048. Mimosa divergens, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 59. Acacia spinosa, E. Mey. ۱ Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 170. Acacia adenostylis, Fenzl! in Flora, 1844, 312. Dichrostachys caffra, Meissn.! in Pl. Krauss. exs. n. 166. — D. callistachys, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 415. ۱ | D. cinerea, Miq. ! Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 48 quoad plantam javanicam ; Benth. Fl. Axial ii, 299. Piptadenia stenadenia, Griseb. ۱ Cat. Pl: Cub. 81. Hab. Tropical Africa, apparently common throughout, extending into extratropical Dichrostachys.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 383 South-east Africa as far as Natal; tropical Asia; the Indian archipelago; tropical Australia. For if the African and Indian-peninsular species are really distinct, as they appear to be, it is certainly to the former, not to the latter, that the Javan and Aus- tralian specimens should be referred. 5, D. FORBESII, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 353. Glabriuscula. Pinnz 3—4-jugee ; glandule stipitatee; foliola 10—15-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice cylin- draceze, breves.— Harv.! et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 278. Hab. Extratropical South-east Africa: Delagoa Bay, Forbes. 6. D. MUELLERI, Benth. ! Fl. Austral. ii. 299. Glabra. Pinnæ 1-2-juge, petiolo tenui ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblongo-linearia, 3-5 lin. longa. Spice cylindracem. Neptunia spicata, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phyt. Austral. iii. 151. Hab. Tropical Australia. 7. D. Kırkıı, Benth., sp. n. Cano-puberula, mox glabrata. Pinne 1-jugze; foliola 3-5-juga, oblonga v. obovali-oblonga, obtusissima, coriacea, 1-2 lin. longa. Spice oblonge. Hab. Tropical Africa: Brava on the Somali coast, Kirk. Frutex ramis rigidis tortuosis albidis, ramulis spinescentibus. Partes novelle pube brevi alba con- spersz v. canescentes. Folia parva, siccitate nigricantia, adulta fere glabra; petiolus communis vix lineam longus, pinnarum rhaches tenues, 2-3 lin. longe. Spice breviter pedunculate, ante anthesin ob- long, 2-3 lin. long, per anthesin vix semipollicares. Flores inferiores more generis steriles, filamentis elongatis in sicco purpureis. Stamina florum hermaphroditorum multo breviora etsi corolla plus duplo longiora. Legumen ignotum. XV. NEPTUNIA, Lour. + Benth. et Hook. Gen. PL. i. 592. - E Capitula absque staminodiis ovoidea, floribus neutris numerosis staminodiis elongatis Jere hemispherica. Stamina v. staminodia 10. 1. N. OLERACEA, Lour. Fl. Cochinch, 654. Glabra. Caulis natans, radicans, 0 spongioso-inflatus. Pinn:e 2-3-jugse ; foliola 8-20-juga, linearia, 4-6 lin. longa. Legumen se 4 lin. latum, a gi um 3-lineari deflexum.— 77. Bras. Mim. و‎ Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 334 Mimosa ات‎ Vahl, Symb. iii. 102; Roxb. ! Corom. PI. t. 119. Desmanthus natans, Willd. Spec. iv. 1044. Mimosa prostrata, Lam. Diet. i. 10. ` Mimosa lacustris, Humb. et Bonpl.! Pl. ZEquin. i. 55. t. 16. Acacia lacustris, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. 301. Desmanthus lacustris, Willd. Spec. iv. 1044. Mimosa aquatica, Pers. Syn. ii. 263. Desmanthus stolonifer, DC. ! Prod. ii. 444. Neptunia stolonifera, Guill. et Perr. 1 Fl. Seneg. 239. N. plena, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 3, excl. syn. Hab. Tropical Asia, Africa, and America, very widely dispersed in tranquil waters, but perhaps in some localities introduced. 9. N. PLENA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 355. Prostrata v. adscendens, ramosa, glabra. Pinnee 2-3-juge ; foliola 14-20-juga, linearia, 4-6 lin. longa. Bractez in medio VOL. XXX. 3E 984 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [. Neptunia, pedunculo 2, alterne, cordate, quam in ceteris speciebus majores diutiusque persi- stentes. Legumen subsesquipollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, a stipite brevi deflexum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa plena, Linn. Spec. 1502. Desmanthus plenus, Willd. Spec. iv. 1045. Mimosa punctata, Linn. Spec. 1502. Acacia punctata, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. 300. Desmanthus punctatus, Willd. Spec. iv. 1047. Desmanthus polyphyllus, DC. ! Prod. ii. 444. Neptunia polyphylla, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 129. g” Mimosa adenanthera, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 554. Desmanthus adenanthera, Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5298. Mimosa lycopodioides, Desf. in Pers. Syn. ii. 263. Acacia lycopodioides, Desv. ۱ Journ. Bot. 1814, pars i. 68. Neptunia surinamensis, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 759. ] Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, Paraguay, Ecuador, Guiana, West Indies, Central America; also Tropical Asia, but probably introduced. The plant figured as N. plena, Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 3, described as having a spongy pus seni was probably the N. oleracea. ** Capitula globosa v. ovoidea, floribus inferioribus neutris v. vadou rmv (v. 0 ?). Stamina 10. i 3. N. TRIQUETRA, Benth. in Hook. ! Journ. Bot. iv. 355. Diffusa, glabriuscula. Pinne 2-3-juge ; foliola 6-12-juga, linearia, 14-2 lin. longa. Capitula globosa. Flores infe- riores pauci neutri. Legumen ¿-1-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, a stipite brevi deflexum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa: triquetra, Vahl, Symb. iii. 102. Desmanthus triqueter, Willd. Spec. iv. 1045. Wight, Ic. t. 756. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian Peninsula. Entered in the Flora وه‎ on ae- count of a specimen in the Berlin Herbarium from Sello’s South-Brazilian collection. Pos- sibly there may have been some mistake. It is quite distinct from any American species. 4. N. TENUIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 355. Glabriuscula, diffusa, ramis tenuibus. Pinns 2—4-jugz; foliola 10-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Capi- tula ovoidea v. oblonga. Flores inferiores pauci masculi. Legumen longe stipitatum. Desmanthus lacustris, Torr. et Gr.! Fl. N Amer. i. 402. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas. 5. N. LUTEA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 356. Pubescens, prostrata, ramis elongatis. Pinns 3-5-juge, petiolo eglanduloso : foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Capitula ovoidea. Flores inferiores masculi perpauci. Legumen ultrapollicare, ad 5 lin. latum, a stipite longiuseulo subdeflexum. Acacia lutea, Leavenw. in Sillim. Journ. vii. 61 ex Torr. et Gr.! Fl. N. Amer. i. 408. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas and Arkansas. 6. N. PUBESCENS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 336. Pubescens, prostrata, ramis uoo Pinnze 23; juge; glandula pseu v. nulla ; foliola 20-30-juga, en ad | Neptunia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 385 2 lin. longa. Capitula ovoideo-glohosa. Flores inferiores pauci masculi. Legumen ۱ breviter nunc brevissime stipitatum. : | Hab. Tropical and northern subtropicaz. verica : Paraguay, Weddell; Lima and other parts of the Peruvian coast, Dombey, Cuming, n. 1027, and others; Costarica, Œrsted ; St. Domingo, Schomburgk; Dominica, Imray; Key-west, Florida, Ruegel, n. 206 (dis- tributed as Acacia lutea), and apparently also Texas, Wright, n. 157, Berlandier, n. 2091, Emory Expedition, n. 303. The species may, however, prove to be a variety of N. lutea, distinguished chiefly by its much smaller flower-heads and the stipes of the ^. pod scarcely ever above 1 line long. *** Capitula globosa, floribus inferioribus neutris v. masculis perpaucis v. nullis. Stamina 5. 7. N. enACILIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 355. Procumbens v. adscendens, glabra v. puberula. Pinne 1-2-jugse ; foliola 6-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi 1-3-pollieares. Legumen oblongum, 4-6-spermum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 300. Hab. Tropical and eastern subtropical Australia. 8. N. MoNosPERMA, F. Muell. in Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 300. Glabra. Pinnæ 2-3-jug®; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi infra-semi- pollicares. Ovarium 2-ovulatum. Legumen suborbieulatum, monospermum, 3-4, rarius 5 lin. latum. ۱ Hab. Tropical Australia: N. coast, also N.W. coast, A. Cunningham. Neptunia acinaciformis, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 51 (Desmanthus acinaciformis, Span. in Linnea, xv. 198; D. pusillus, Zippel), from Timor, is insufficiently described for identification. The number of stamens is not mentioned. If the flowers are pentandrous, it may be the same as the Neptunia gracilis. . Desmanthus trispermus, Span. in Linnza, xv. 198, also from Timor, is named only, without any cha- racter, and must therefore be cancelled as a species. XVI. DESMANTHUS, Willd. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl.i.592. . The herbaceous or suffruticose species of this genus run very much one into another; and probably a careful study of better specimens than we possess of some of them may induce a considerable reduction of their number. It is doubtful how far the size of the petiolar gland, or the exact proportions in length and breadth and shape of the pod may be constant. The shrubby D. arborescens, from Madagascar, is, however, a remarkable exception. 1. D. veartts, Willd. Spec. iv. 1047. Glabriusculus, erectus v. decumbens. Pinnæ 1-7-juge ; glandula majuscula; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula pauciflora. Stamina 10. Legumen rectum v. subfaleatum, 2-pollicare v. lon- gius, 13-12 lin. latum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 334. | - Mimosa virgata, Linn. Spec. 1502; Jacq. Hort. Vind. t. 80. Acacia virgata, Gertn. Fruct. ii. 317, t. 148. Mimosa angustisiliqua, Lam. Dict. i. 10. ` Acacia angustisiliqua, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ! 300. Desmanthus strictus, Bertol. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 445. D. leptophyllus, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 264. 3E2 386 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZX. [ Desmanthus, Mimosa pernambucana, Mill. ! Dict. n. 3, et auct. plur. an Linn. ? Acacia depauperata, Mart. ! in Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Hab. Tropical and subtropical America: common from Buenos Ayres to the West Indies; tropical Asia: probably introduced into East India. 2. D. DEPRESSUS, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1046. Glabriusculus, diffusus. Pinnz 1-5-juge; glandula parva; foliola 10-20-juga, linearia, seepius angusta, ad 2 lin. longa. Capitula pauciflora. Stamina 10. Legumen rectum v. subfaleatum, 2-pollicare v. longius, ad 13 lin. latum, seminibus numerosis obliquis.—77. Bras. Mim.; Kunth, - Mim. 115, t. 35. Mimosa depressa, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 58. Mimosa pernambucana, Linn. Spec. 1052, pro parte ? Desmanthus diffusus, Willd. Spec. iv. 1046 ? Desmanthus pratorum, Macfad. ! Fl. Jam. i. 311. D. tenellus, DC. ! Prod. ii. 445. Hab. Tropical and subtropical America: from South Brazil and Peru to Guiana, Co- lumbia, the West Indies, South Florida, Texas ? and Central America. It is not always easy to distinguish this from D. virgatus. It appears that both are sometimes pro- cumbent ; but D. depressus is more so, with smaller, narrower leaflets, and a much smaller gland. I have found 10 stamens in all the flowers I have examined. 3. D. LEPTOLOBUS, Torr. et Gr.! Fl. N. Amer. i. 402. Glabriusculus. Pinnze 6-10-juge; glandula parva ssepius minuta; foliola 15-25-juga, anguste linearia, 1-1i lin. longa. Capitula pauciflora. Stamina 5. Legumen rectum, 2-3-pollicare, 1 lin. latum. Semina dissita, sublongitudinalia, 2 lin. longa. | i Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas and Arkansas. | This is the only long-fruited species in which I have found only 5 stamens. It may therefore have been this one that Linnzus first described as Mimosa pernambucana, although Gouan and others of his correspondents gave that name to the decandrous D. depressus. -The leaflets of D. leptolobus, like those of D. brachylobus, are still narrower than in D. depressus. i 4. D. VELUTINUS, Scheele in Linnea, xxi. 455. Molliter pubescens, prostratus v. adscendens. Pinne 3-6-juge; glandula parva, nunc minuta; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, avenia. Capitula parvula (ad 3 liu. diametro) Stamina 10, legumen elongatum, rectum v. fere rectum, acuminatum, 11 lin. latum. | D. peduncularis, Buckl. in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1961 و‎ 454; 1862, 163. Hab. Extratropieal North America: Texas. The pod is said to attain 3 or 4 inches. I have not seen it above 21 in. long. es | 5. D. Jamest, Torr. et Gr. ! Fl. N. Amer. i. 402. Leviter puberulus, prostratus v. ascendens. Pinne 3-6-juge; glandula magna, oblonga; foliola 10-20-juga, lineari- oblonga, subavenia. Capitula majuseula (4-5 lin. diametro absque staminibus). Sta- mina 10. Legumen elongatum, rectum v. rectiusculum, obtusum v. acutum. Hab. Extratropieal North America: Texas and adjoiniug districts. With much of the foliage of D. reticulatus, this is known by the larger flower-heads, and especially by the large oblong gland just below the lowest pair of pinnz. 0 ۱ 6. D. RETICULATUS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. ‘Bot. iv. 357. Parce pubescens, glau- cescens, diffusus. Pinnæ 1-4-, swpius 2-3-juge; glandula parva v. nulla; foliola D esmanthus.] MR. R. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA.' 987 4-8-juga, oblonga, li-linearia, 2-3-nervia. Capitula parva. Stamina 10. Legumen subfaleatum, acutum, reticulato-venosum, 1-14 poll. longum, 14-13 lin. latum, 8-13- spermum. | D. rhombifolius, Buckl. in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 454; 1862, 163. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas, Drummond. Nos. 140 and 169 of Wright's Texan plants appear to me to be a variety of this species, with the veins of the leaflets less prominent underneath, and the pod altogether larger, and perhaps rather less veined. They have certainly neither the larger flower-heads nor the conspicuous oblong petiolar gland of D. Jamesü. 7. D. ACUMINATUS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 357. Pubescens v. glabrius- culus, diffusus. Pinne 14-juge; glandula majuscula; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga. Capitula pauciflora. Stamina 10. Legumen faleatum, acuminatum, leve, 1}-pollicare, 13 lin. latum, 8-13-spermum. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas, Drummond. 8. D. rscurvus, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 84. Glabriusculus, diffusus. Pinnse 5-10-juge; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga; glandula parva v. nulla. Capitula pauciflora. Stamina 10. Legumen falcatum, 2-2} lin. latum, hirtellum, 6-9-spermum. Hab. Subtropieal North America: between Real del Monte and Zacatecas in Mexico, Coulter. | This seems to connect the preceding with the following species. Mimosa pumila, Schlecht. in Linnza, xii. 557, from Regla, Ehrenberg, is probably, from the description, the same species, or one closely allied to it. | :9. D. BRACHYLOBUS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 358. Glabriusculus, erectus. Pinnæ 6-15-jugz ; Foliola 20-30-juga, anguste linearia, 1-2 lin. longa. Glandula par- vula. Capitula multiflora. Stamina 5. Legumen late faleatum, }-1-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, 3-6-spermum. Acacia brachyloba, Willd. Spec. iv. 1071. Darlingtonia brachyloba, DC. ! Prod. ii. 443. Mimosa glandulosa, Mich. Fl. Bor. Amer. ii. 254; Vent. Choix, t. 27. Acacia glandulosa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1071. Darlingtonia glandulosa, DC. Prod. ii. 443. Mimosa illinoensis, Mich. Fl. Bor. Amer. ii. 254. Darlingtonia intermedia, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, ii. 181. Mimosa contortuplicata, Zuccagni ! Obs. Hort. Flor. n. 100, ex DC. Desmanthus falcatus, Scheele in Linnea, xxi. 455. Hab. Extratropical North America: Southern United States. With the numerous fine leaflets and pentandrous flowers ot D. leptolobus, the pod is the shortest and broadest, instead of the longest and narrowest of the genus. It is still, however, that of a Desmanthus, and not of a Neptunia. 10. D. ARBORESCENS, Bojer! MS. Fruticosa, glabra v. pilis raris conspersa. Pinn:e 1-juge ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula multiflora. . Stamina 5. Legumen rectum, obtusum, 2-3-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, basi longe angustatum. Semina longitudinalia. ۱ Hab. Madagascar: Bombatok Bay, Bojer. Ramuli lignosi, elongati, ut videtur divaricati v. diffusi. Stipule angusts, setaceo-acuminate, 1-14 388 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Desmanthus. lin. longee, caducze. Foliorum petiolus communis 1-2 lin, longus, tenuis; pinnarum rhaches subsemi- pollicares, fere filiformes. Foliola rigidula, valde oblique pennivenia, venis 2-3 infimis ad basin costae insertis. Pedunculi ad nodos ramorum annotinorum solitarii, tenues, pollicares v. paullo longiores. Capitula globosa, diametro vix 2 lineas excedentia staminibus exclusis. Calyx truncatus, 4 lin. longus. Petala 5, fere à basi soluta, calyce duplo longiora. Stamina in floribus examinatis 5, corolla dimidio longiora. Anthere oblongz, glandula minuta fugacissima (an semper?) apiculate. Ovarium glabrum. Legumen glaberrimum, rigidulum, marginibus incrassatis fere Calliandre, valvis coriaceis nitidis aveniis. Semina 6-8, oblonga, inter se distantia. ۱ XVII. Mimosa, Linn. (pro parte). Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 593. Since I proposed the division of this vast genus into three sections or subgenera, I have seen the ripe fruits of many species in which it was then unknown ; and the distinction between the transversely arti- culate and continuous valves, which I had already been obliged to give up in respect of some species of the group Meticulose of Eumimosa, has entirely broken down also for the separation of the section Ameria from Habbasia. In some cases the pod (within the constantly continuous persistent margin) is articulate or not, according to circumstances, in the same species; in other cases the character would widely dissever species otherwise closely allied. The group of Spiciflore have the very flat pod, with numerous articles broader than long, of many true Habbasie, with the marginal prickles prevalent in Ameria, and the isomerous stamens of Eumimosa. Ihave therefore been obliged to reduce the number of primary sections to two, distinguished solely by the number of stamens, equal to or twice that of the divisions of the corolla—a character which I have found absolutely constant, except perhaps in a single species (M. scabrella). This consolidation of Habbasia and Ameria, and the new lights thrown upon many species by the numerous additional specimens brought under examination, as well as a considerable number of new species, have occasioned several modifications in the subordinate groups I had proposed. It may be therefore useful to prefix to the detailed enumeration of species the following general summary of the groups or series, neglecting occasional exceptions, to be specially mentioned in the course of the enumeration. Sect. 1. Euumimosa. Stamina numero petalorum equalia.—Species 1-130. Series 1. Sensitive. Pinne 1-juge. Foliola majuscula, 14-2-juga. Aculei sparsi v. 0.— Species 1-13. Series 2. Modeste. Pinnx 1-juge. Foliola pauci- (4-5-)juga. Aculei infrastipulares v. 0. Herb» diffuse v. nanze.—Species 14-18. Series 3. Caste. Pinne l-juge. Foliola pluri- (ssepius multi- rarius 3-6-)juga. Aculei sparsi.— Species 19-32. Series 4. Pectinate. Pinnæ 1-juge. Foliola multi- rarius 6-8-)juga. Aculei nonnulli y. omnes infrastipulares. Frutices v. suffrutices elatiores.—Species 33-38. Series 5. Pudice. Pinne 2-5-juge, sepius conferte. Foliola multijuga, marginata. Aculei nonnulli v. omnes infrastipulares.—Species 39-45. Series 6. Hirsute. Pinne 2-4-juge, rarius unijuge. Foliola multijuga, 3-5-nervia, immarginata. Inermes, patentim pilosze, pedunculis longis.—Species 46-53. : Series 7. Pedunculose. Pinne 1-jug&, rarius 2-4-juge. Foliola multijuga (rarius 5-8-juga), mar- ginata. Inermes, diffuse v. prostrate, pedunculis szepius axillaribus elongatis.— Species 54—66. Series 8. Meticulose. Pinne l-jugw. Foliola multijuga (rarius 4-8-juga), marginata. Inermes, rigide v. fruticose, pedunculis seepius brevibus in racemum seu paniculam terminalem dispositis, v. infimis axillaribus.—Species 67-100. Series 9. Myriophylle. Pinne multijuge. Foliola multijuga, parva. Inermes, rigidz v. fruticosz, capitulis globosis in racemum ۵ terminalem dispositis v. infimis axillaribus.—Species 101-103. Mimosa.] MR. G: BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 389. Series 10.'Spiciflore. Pinnæ pluri- v. multi-juge, Spice cylindraceæ v. elongatæ. Aculei sparsi parvi. Flores sæpius 5-meri.—Species 104-109, | Series 11. Obstrigose. Pinne 1-juge. Fruticuli inermes v. parce aculeati, pilis deorsum appressis strigosi rarius glabri.—Species 110-116. ; Series 12. Lepidote. Pinne l- pluri-juge. Frutices inermes, tomento stellato plumoso v. lepidoto, flavicantes canescentes v. fulvescentes.— Species 117-130, ۱ Sect. 9. Happasta. Stamina numero petalorum duplo plura.—Species 10 * Sete nulle (sp. 2 exceptis). — Series 1. Leptostachye. Spice cylindracez dense v. laxifloree.—S pecies 131-169. Series 2. Glandulifere. Capitula parva, globosa, ample paniculata. Legumen planum, pluriarti- ۰ ang — Slip to be stitched in at p. 389. Owing to an accidental clerical error, the specific numbers referred to in this Clavis of the Sect. HABBASIA are 1 too low when above 150, thus :— 131-278 should be 131-279 181-161 „ وو 181-160 161-167 ;, » 162-168 and so on. "Truürtices inermes, setosl.— DPECIES زرابم‎ 207 O. setosum, valvis 1ndivisis. the few species of the genus indigenous to the Old World . All the series of both sections are American ; belong to the series Rubicaules and Asperate of Habbasia. * Sectio 1. EUMIMOSA. — Herb, suffrutices v. frutices, interdum scandentes, rarissime arborescentes, sspe setosi. Foliorum petiolus (duabus speciebus exceptis) eglandulosus. Pinnæ ssepius 1-juge v. jugis digitatim approximatis rarius dissitis pluri- ۱ juge. Foliola pauci- v. multi-juga, dum paucijuga foliolum interius paris infimi sepius multo minus v. deficiens. Capitula in seriebus plerisque globosa v. rarius elliptica, in seriebus 10ma et 12ma spice oblong:e v. elongato-eylindracex. Calyx minutus subincon- spicuus v. paleaceo-ciliatus aut pappiformis. Corolla membranacea v. in serie 12ma cras- sior, 4-fida v. in serie 10ma 5-fida, rarius 3- v. 6-fida. Legumen sepius oligospermum Stamina numero petalis sequalia. Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA, 389 - Series 10. 'Spiciflore. Pinnze pluri- v. multi-juge. Spice cylindracee v. elongate. Aculei sparsi parvi. Flores szpius 5-meri.— Species 104—109. Series 11. Obstrigose. Pinnz 1-juge. Fruticuli inermes v. parce aculeati, pilis deorsum appressis strigosi rarius glabri.—Species 110-116. Series 12. Lepidote. Pinnw l- pluri-juge. Frutices i mermes, tomento stellato plumoso v. lepidoto, flavicantes canescentes v. fulvescentes.—Species 117-130. Sect. 2. Hannasra. Stamina numero petalorum duplo plura.—Species dió o * Sete nulle (sp. 2 exceptis). — Series 1. Leptostachye. Spice cylindracez dens v. laxifloree.—Species 131-169. 2 P. Series 2. Glandulifere. Capitula parva, globosa, ample paniculata. Legumen planum, pluriarti- culatum. Frutices seeps scandentes, aculeis minimis recurvis. Foliorum petiolus glandulifer.— Species 161- 167. $ Series 3. Rubicaules. Capitula globosa, sepius paniculata. Legumen planum, pluriartieulatum. Frutices aculeis sparsis armati rarius setis rigidis echinati. Foliorum petiolus eglandulosus.— Species 168-190. . Series 4. nn Capitula pleraque axillaria. Legumen planum, valvis indivisis v. rarius articulatis. Frutices aculeis sparsis v. infrastipularibus armati.—Species 191-213, Series 5. Ephedroidee. Capitula globosa, lateralia. Legumen planum (pluriarticulatum ?). Fruticuli spinescentes, aphylli v. foliis parvis raris.—Species 214, 215. Series 6. Stipellares. Capitula globosa, axillaria. Legumen subplanum, firi indivisis, Frutices inermes v. rarius parce aculeati, non setosi. Stipellse orbiculate v. ovate.—Species 216-224, Series 7. Leptopode. Capitula globosa, axillaria. Legumen planum, valvis articulatis. Frutices inermes, non setosi. Stipelle minute v. setacex. Foliola parva v. 0.—Species 225-239. ** Sapissime setose. Series 8. Somniantes. Capitula globosa, pleraque racemosa. Corolle multistriate. Frutices v. herbe aculeati v. inermes, setosi hispidi v. glabri. Petiolus inter pinnas setifer.—Species 240-249. Series 9. Asperate. Capitula globosa, axillaria v. racemosa. Corolla membranaces non striate. Frutices v. herbe aculeati v. subinermes, hispidi v. setosi. Petiolus inter pinnas sepius setifer., Legumen planum, valvis articulatis.—Species 250-265. Series 10. Adverse. Capitula globosa, racemosa. Legumen subplanum, valvis indivisis. Frutices suffruticesve aculeis sursum incurvis armati.— Species 266, 267. Series 11. Pachycarpe. Capitula globosa, conferta v. racemosa. Legumen szpius crassiusculum, setosum, valvis indivisis. - Frutices inermes, setosi.— Species 268-278. All the series of both sections are American ; the few species of the genus indigenous to the Old World belong to the series Rubicaules and Asperate of Habbasia. Sectio 1, EUMIMOSA. Stamina numero petalis sequalia.—Herbee, suffrutices v. frutices, interdum scandentes, rarissime arborescentes, ssepe setosi. Foliorum petiolus (duabus speciebus exceptis) eglandulosus. Pinnze ssepius l-jug:e v. jugis digitatim approximatis rarius dissitis pluri- | juge. Foliola pauci- v. multijuga, dum paueijuga foliolum interius paris infimi sepius multo minus v. deficiens. Capitula in seriebus plerisque globosa v. rarius elliptica, in seriebus 10ma et 12ma spice oblongze v. elongato-cylindracez. Calyx minutus subincon- spicuus v. paleaceo-ciliatus aut pappiformis. Corolla membranacea v. in serie 12ma cras- sior, 4-fida v. in serie 10ma 5-fida, rarius 3- v. 6-fida. Legumen sæpius oligospermum 390 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Mimosa. (in serie 10ma polyspermum) valvis in artieulos secedentibus v. in paucis speciebus indivisis, margine setoso v. nudo, nec simplici serie aculeato. Series 1. Sensitive. Herbe perennes erecte v. scandentes, rarius annue v. frutices. Pime unijuge. Foliola bijuga, majuscula, basi dimidiata, marginibus nerviformibus et appresse ciliatis rarius nudis و‎ interius paris infimi minimum basi equale v. deficiens. Pedunculi inferiores axillares, superiores in racemum terminalem sepius dispositi. Capitula globosa. Flores 4-meri v. rarius hinc inde pauci 5-meri. Legumen planum, valvis in articulos distinctos secedentibus. 1. M. VELLOZIANA, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 185. Subscandens, glabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Foliola ovato-lanceolata, acutata, glabra v. subtus strigis paucis conspersa, majora sesquipollicaria. Legumen subpollicare, ad 4 lin. latum, glabrum, margine setosum. Fl. Bras. Mim. d. M. viva, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 33, non Linn. - Var. jiramenensis, foliolis majoribus, leguminis setis marginalibus minimis nec elongatis. M. jiramenensis, Karst. ! Fl. Colomb. ii. 59, t. 130. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, San Paolo, Goyaz and Bahia; North Brazil; Columbia, Panama, Seemann, Fendler, n. 91; Guatemala, Bernoulli (with the pods very slightly hoary pubescent when young); Guanaxuato, (Zrsied; the variety Jiramenensis in North Brazil and Columbia. 2. M. SENSITIVA, Linn. Spec. 1501. Subscandens, pubescens v. hirsuta. Aculei sparsi. Foliola ovato-lanceolata, acuta, subtus v. utrinque appresso-villosa, majora 14-24 poll. longa. Legumen sepius $ poll. longum, 3 lin. latum, pubescens v. villosum, margine rigide ad facies parce setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. floribunda, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 130, non Linn. M. litigiosa et M. malitiosa, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 138. _ Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, Minas Geraes, Pará and Rio N egro. This, the preceding, and the three or four following species, pass so nearly one into the other that they would probably all have been included by Linnzus under his M. sensitiva; but the one he had specially in view, founded on the excellent figure and description of Breynius, Cent. 31. t. 16, is, without doubt, the common Brazilian acute-leaved villous one to which the name is here restricted. 3. M. ALBIDA, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1030. Scandens, cano-pubescens. Aculei sparsi, rari. Foliola ovato-lanceolata, acutiuscula, utrinque minute cano-pube- rula, majora subsesquipollicaria. Legumen subpollicare, cano-pubescens et pilis rigidis appressis strigosum.— Bonpl. ! Mim. 2. t. 1. M. sensitiva, Lodd.! Bot. Cab. t. 249, et hortul. plur. Hab. Tropical America: Pacific coast, Lima to Panama, Humboldt and Bonpland, Dombey, Matthews, n. 440, Cuming, n. 1025 ; Acapuleo, Sinclair. i This is the species or variety which most commonly represents the M. sensitiva in our gardens. — 4. M. FLORIBUNDA, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1031. Subscandens, pubescens v. hirsuta. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Foliola ovato-lanceolata, acutiuscula, supra glabra, subtus dense strigoso- villosa, majora subsesquipollicaria. Legumen subpollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, undique longe rarius breviter setosum.— Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 373. | | | Mimosa.] ` MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 391 M. strigosa, Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1080. M. Willdenowii, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 50. M. racemosa, Schlecht. Linnea, xii. 557. Hab. Tropical America: Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, Columbia, Central America, Mexico, apparently common. 5. M. ADHARENS, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 249, a ۰ floribunda differre vide- batur aculeis crebrioribus et foliolis obtusioribus ad illa M. rizose tendentibus. An hujus v. illius varietas ? Hab. Tropical America: On the Orinoco, Humboldt and Bonpland. 6. M. rıxosa, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras., 137. Subscandens, ferrugineo-hirsuta v. pu- bescens. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Foliola obovato-oblonga, obtusa v. mucronata, utrinque adpresse villosa, majora 14-2-pollicaria. Legumen ¿-pollicare, 2-23 lin. latum, margine rigide ad facies parce setosum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. M. violacea, Bonpl. in Ten. Cat. Ort. Nap. 87 ex descr. M. pauciseta, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 362. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and San Paolo. 7. M. PLATYPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 85. Suffrutiosa, inermis, setis rufis longis hirsutissima. Foliola oblique obovata, obtusa, utrinque hirsuta, majora 2-21-pollicaria— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 8. M. DEBILIS, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1029. Annua dicitur etsi pluri- pedalis, erecta v. debilis, pubescens v. hirsuta. Aculei parvi, rari. Foliola obovali- oblonga, obtusa, utrinque appresse pilosa, majora rarius polliearia. Legumen semi- pollicare, 2 lin. latum, undique dense longeque v. brevius setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. Hostmanni, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 84. M. notata, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 758. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, Columbia. Var.? panamensis. Annua v. suffruticosa? tenuis. Aculei validi, recurvi, crebri. Foliola quam in forma typica angustiora, majora 7 poll. longa supra medium 3 lin. lata. Capitula parva et legumina omnino forme typice. Hab. Panama, Seemann. 9. M. OBTUSIFOLIA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1047. Herbacea v. suffruticosa, glabra v. parce setosa. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, pauci. Foliola obovato-oblonga, obtusa, majora vix ultrapollicaria, supra glaberrima, subtus sparse strigosa.—Fl. Bras. Mim. M. fervida, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 137, 185. Hab. Tropical Ameriea: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and San Paolo. 10. M. GLAUCESCENS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 362. Suffruticosa, glaberrima, glauca, inermis. Foliola obovali-oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, margine nerviformi serrato- ciliato cincta, majora 13-2-pollicaria, Legumen 1-12-pollicare, 3-33 lin. latum, glaber- rimum, nudum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. ' Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz or Minas Geraes. | 11. M. aneusta, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 362. Suffruticosa, glaberrima, VOL, XXX. | 8r 392 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [.Mimosa. glauca, inermis. Foliola oblongo-linearia, acuta v. mucronata, margine nerviformi pauci- ciliato, majora 1-1}-pollicaria, 2-3 lin. lata. Bractes corolla breviores.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 12. M. NUDA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 362. Suffruticosa, glaberrima, glauca, inermis. Foliola oblonga, obtusiuscula, margine nerviformi nudo, majora 13—2-pollicaria, 4-8 lin. lata. Legumen subpollicare, 2 lin. latum, crassiusculum, nudum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Goyaz ; Chiquitos in Bolivia, D'Orbigny. 13. M. GYMNOLOMA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 85. Suffruticosa, glaberrima, glauca, inermis. . Foliola linearia, margine nerviformi nudo, majora 2-3-pollicaria. Bractez corollam superantes.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. Series 2. Modeste. Herbe prostrate v. decumbentes, sepius annue v. nanc, inermes v. aculeis infrastipularibus infrafoliaceisque armate. Pinne unijuge. Foliola pauci- juga, latiuscula, margine nerviformi setuloso-ciliato cincta v. nuda. Pedunculi solitarii v. gemini, inferiores axillares, superiores sepe racemosi. Capitula globosa. Flores 4-meri. Leguminis articuli sepius medio tuberculosi v. echinati. The plants of this series differ from the Pectinate in their small or weak herbaceous often annual habit, from the Caste in the want of the scattered prickles, and from these as well as from the other following series in their fewer leaflets. M. honesta, among the Meticulose, approaches the Modeste in habit as in the pod, but upon the whole seems better placed among the former. 14. M. viva, Linn.! Spec. 1500. Nana, tenella, diffusa v. reptans, glabra, inermis. Foliorum petiolus communis filiformis, 1—1-pollicaris; pinnz petiolo breviores; foliola sub-4-juga, obovato-oblonga, vix 2 lin. longa. Capitula paueiflora, pedunculo filiformi petiolo «equilongo. Legumen ovato-quadratum, 1-spermum, pubescenti-hirtum. Hab. Tropical America : Jamaica. 15. M. SkINNERI, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v.85. Annua? diffusa, humilis, pilis longis rufis patentibus hirsuta. Aculei gemini v. terni, infrastipulares et infra- foliacei, recti. Foliola 4-5- rarius 6-8-juga, obovato-oblonga, supra glabra, subtus pilosa, ad 3 lin. longa. Peduneuli filiformes, 1-13-pollicares. Leguminis articuli 3-4, stellato- . pubescentes, margine setosi. Hab. Tropical America: Guatemala, Cuesta of Leone, Skinner; Ujara, (Ersted. This species has the rather more numerous leaflets of the Caste ; but the habit and prickles are those of the Modeste. Although small, the plant is much larger and coarser than the M. viva. 16. M. DESMODIOIDES, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Herbacea, prostrata, gracilis, glabra v. pauciseta. Aculei infrastipulares gemini v. 0. Foliola sub-4-juga, obovato- oblonga, obtusa, membranacea, immarginata, 23-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues, polli- cares longioresque. Legumen seepius falcatum, 6-8 lin. longum, 14 lin. latum, faciebus dense, marginibus parce setosis, articulis szepius 4. Hab. "Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. : 17. M. moesta, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 135. Suffruticosa v. herbacea, decumbens, puberula y. apice sericeo-pilosa. Aculei infrastipulares gemini v. 0. Foliola 4-5-juga, Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE 0 393 ovata v. obovata, coriacea, glabra, margine nerviformi setoso-eiliato, 4-5 lin. longa. Pedunculi 13-3-pollicares. Legumen 3-1-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, tomentoso-canescens, articulis 2-4 medio aculeis conicis echinatis.—77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. ; 18. M. urstna, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 186. Herbacea, decumbens v. suberecta, patentim pilosa. Aculei gemini v. terni, infrastipulares et infrafoliacei. -Foliola 4-5- juga, ovata, subcoriacea, supra glabra, subtus longe hirsuta, 4-6-linearia. Pedunculi infrapollicares. Legumen 3—¿-pollicare, fere 3 lin. latum, molliter appresse pubescens, articulis 2-4 medio aculeis conicis echinatis.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Piauhy. Series 8. Caste. Frutices suffrutices v. herbe, aculeis sparsis nec infrastipularibus armate (v. hinc inde subinermes). Pinne unijuge. Foliola pluri- v. multijuga, mar- gine nerviformi setuloso-ciliato cincta v. nuda. Pedunculi solitarii v. gemini, axillares folioque breviores v. ad apices ramorum racemosi. | Capitula. globosa v. rarius oblonga. Flores tetrameri. Leguminis valve articulate v. indivise, nude v. setose nec tuberculoso- incrassate. This series is intermediate, as it were, between the Sensitive and the Meticulose, the M. casta and its allies having the habit of the former but differing in the more numerous leaflets, and the M. dolens and its allies differing from the Meticulose only in the presence of prickles, which in a few specimens are exceedingly few, or perhaps sometimes entirely wanting, although a careful search has almost always pointed out some small ones, which I have never found in any of the numerous species 0۶ ۰ * Foliola 3-6-juga, margine nerviformi cincta. | 19. M. casta, Zinn. Spec. 1500. Fruticosa, debilis v. subscandens, subglabra. Aculei recurvi, erebri. Foliola oblonga v. lanceolata, 3-5-nervia, glabra v. subtus parce setu- losa, majora subpollicaria. Legumen ¿-13-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, margine setoso, - valvis glabris nudis 3—5-articulatis.— 77. Bras. Min. M. dominiciana, Desv. ! in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 1, ix. 424. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, West Indies. 20. ?M. HETEROCARPA, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 64. Fruticosa, scandens? subglabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Foliola 4-juga, ovato-lanceolata, acuta, 9-nervia, subtus strigosa. Legumina alia 5-linealia elliptica 1-sperma disco inermia, alia 2-3plo longiora, in. arti- culos 2-3 disco echinatos monospermos secedentia.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. I have seen no specimen answering to the character given ; and as the flowers were unknown to Presl, it is uncertain even to which section of the genus the plant should be referred. The habit described is nearest to that of M. casta. 91.? M. LACTIFLUA, Delile! in Herb. DC. Fruticosa? glabra. Aculei sparsi, rari, recti. Foliola 4-5-juga, oblique ovata v. oblonga, rigidula, pennivenia. Capitula iis M. caste majora, cui ceterum afline.—Fl. Bras. Mim. ` Hab. America tropica ? Delile's specimens were from the Botanical Garden of Montpellier, supposed to be of American, perhaps Brazilian, origin. In the Berlin herbarium there is a specimen from Mexico, TT Pues agrees F 394 : MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Mimosa. with the detailed description I had made (now inserted in the Flora Brasiliensis), except that the leaflets are under instead of over + in. long. I have now no means of comparing the specimens themselves. The straight rare prickles, the rigid leaflets, &c. prevent the uniting it with the M. casta. ** Foliola G- multijuga, submembranacea, viz marginata. 22. M. TRICEPHALA, Cham. et Schlecht.! in Linnea, v. 591. Fruticosa, pubescenti- scabra. Aculei recti. Foliola 10-15-juga, ovato-oblonga, semipollicaria, 1-2-nervia, supra glabra, subtus strigosa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical North America: Mexico, near Actopan, Schiede. 23. M. SAGOTIANA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Scandens ? glabra. Aculei recurvi, copiosi. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, falcata, 2-3-nervia, subsemi- polliearia, membranacea, glabra. Legumen pollicare v. longius, 5-6 lin. latum, mar- ginibus breviter, faciebus sparse setosis, ceterum glabrum, pluriarticulatum. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Peppig ; Cayenne, Sagot, n. 1063. Nearly allied to M. schrankioides, of which Sagot considered it a glabrous variety, differing from it in about the same degree that the M. Velloziana does from M. sensitiva. Besides the want of hairiness, the venation of the leaflets seems distinct, and the pod much larger. 24. M. SCHRANKIOIDES, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 86. Seandens ? hirsuta. Aculei recurvi, copiosi. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, falcata, l-nervia, subtus presertim villosa, subsemipollicaria, membranacea. Legumen i pollicare, 2 lin. latum, tomentosum, marginibus setoso-aculeatis, faciebus parce setosis, articulis 3-4. Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana, Rob. Schomburgk, 2nd coll. n. 470; Rich. Schomburgk, n. 765; Columbia, Tovar, Fendler, n. 2244; Puerto Cabello, Moritz. Rami elongati, hirsuti, striis aculeisque Schrankiam referentes. Stipule subulate. Foliorum petiolus communis subsesquipollicaris, aculeatus. Pinne petiolo sublongiores, rhachi pariter aculeata. Foliola, acutiuscula, vix tenuiter marginata, parce ciliata, utrinque subtus preesertim molliter villosa, costa valida, additis interdum nervis 1-2 lateralibus tenuibus brevibus, nec distincte ut in M. Sagotiana 2—3-nervia. Pedunculi hirsuti, 4-1-pollicares, in racemum terminalem dispositi. ciliate, ultra corollam haud prominentes. Calyx minutus, lon Stamina 4, elongata. Ovarium villosulum. 25. M. TRICHOCEPHALA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Herbacea, rufo-pilosa. Aculei recurvi, rari. Foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga, membranacea, ciliata, glabra, }—}-polli- caria. Bracteze capillaceo-acuminatz, alabastra longe superantes. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Capitula parva. Bractee longe geciliatus. Corolla tenuis, vix lineam longa. 26. M. RAMOSISSIMA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, rufo-pilosa. Aculei : recurvi Foliorum petiolus brevissimus. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, mem- branacea, 13-3 lin. longa. Bractez corolla breviores. . Calyx quam in affinibus multo magis evolutus. Legumen 3-pollicare, 24 lin. latum, undique aculeato-setosum, valvis vix in articulos secedentibus.— FI. Bras. Mim. | ۱ . Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, - 27. M. OBLONGA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Dot. iv. 365. Setoso-hispida. Aculei tenues, recurvi, rari. Foliorum petiolus brevissimus. Foliola 25-35-juga, linearia, 11-3 | | | l Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 395 lin. longa. Capitula oblonga, i-pollicaria, 2 lin. diametro. Legumen ignotum.—F!. Bras. Mim. : Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: South Brazil. 28. M. STENOPTERA, Benth. Herbacea?, strigosa. Aculei sparsi, recti v. subrecurvi. Foliola 30-40-juga, 13 lin. longa, coriacea. Capitula ovoidea. Legumen junius den- sissime setosum. Hab. Subtropical South America: near Jujuy, in La Plata, Pearce. Herba annua dicitur, 1-2-pedalis: ramus florifer tamen etsi tenuis, in sicco sublignosus apparet, pilis rigidis sursum appressis crebrisque strigosus, aculeis paucis. Foliorum petiolus communis 4-6 lin. longus; pinnz unijuge, 14-2-pollicares. Foliola acutiuscula, parce ciliata. Flores M. oblonga, capitula tamen ovoidea nec oblonga, parum longiora quam lata v. fere globosa. Calyx longe fimbriato-ciliatus, corolla dimidium attingens. Legumen perfectum haud suppetit. 29. M. LuxDIANA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Suffruticosa ? tenuis, glanduloso- pubescens et setulosa. Aculei recurvi, minimi. Foliola 8-12-juga oblonga, subtus v. utrinque puberula, 3-4 lin. longa. Capitula globosa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. San Paolo. *** Foliola 10- multijuga, coriacea, margine nerviformi ciliato cincta. 30. M. INSIDIOSA, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 194. Fruticosa, retrorsum strigoso-sca- berrima. Aculei recurvi. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, 4-6 lin. longa. Legumen 3.pollicare, 24 lin. latum, margine dense aculeato setoso, valvis sparse setosis, 3—4-arti- culatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. retrorsa, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ, Bot. iv. 364. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. ` 81. M. DoLENS, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ie. xi. t. 34. Suffruticosa, rigida, glanduloso-hirta. Aculei recti, validi v. minimi, nune rari. Foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, coriacea, glabra v. subtus strigosa, 6-8-linearia v. fere pollicaria. Legumen subsemipollicare, 2 lin. latum, undique setosum, valvis indivisis.— 77. Bras. Mim. M. meticulosa, var. ? major, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1090. Hab. "Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, San Paolo, and Minas Geraes. 39. M. TRACHYCEPHALA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Herbacea v. suffruticosa, rigida, strigoso-hispida, eglandulosa. Aculei recti, rari. Foliola 20-25-juga, oblonga, acuta, 4-5. lin. longa. Legumen semipollicare, 3 lin. latum, undique dense echinato- setosum, valvis 2-articulatis. M. insidiosa, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 365, non Mart. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Series 4. Pectinatee. Frutices v. herbe, rarius arborescentes, aculeis omnibus v. non- nullis infrastipularibus v. infrafoliaceis armati, additis interdum paucis sparsis. Pinne unijuge. Foliola pluri- sepius multijuga. Pedunculi solitarii v. 2-3ni, axillares v. ad apices ramorum racemosi. Capitula globosa. Flores 4-meri. Legumen ubi notum setosum v. hispidum, valvis articulatis. 396 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. L Mimosa. * Foliola minima, conferta, glabra, coriacea. 33. M. PECTINATA, Kunth! Mim. 5. t. 2. Arborea, dense strigosa. Aculei infra- stipulares gemini, recti. Foliorum petiolus communis brevissimus ; foliola 20-25-juga, linearia, coriacea, glabra, marginata, ciliata, 2 lin.longa. Pedunculi axillares. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Andes of Guamana, near Quito, Humboldt and Bonpland. 34. M. ORTHACANTHA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 365. Fruticosa, glabra. Aculei infrafoliacei v. infrastipulares, solitarii v. terni, recti. Foliorum petiolus com- munis brevissimus; foliola 8-10-juga, cuneato-oblonga v. linearia, 1-23 lin. longa, im- marginata, nuda. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. ‚Hab. South Brazil, Sello. Only seen in the Berlin Herbarium. ** Foliola oblonga, supra pubescentia, subtus villosa. 35. M. Xant, A. Gray! in Proc. Amer. Acad. v. 157. Fruticosa, cinereo-pubescens. Aculei infrastipulares recti, additis paucis sparsis. Foliorum petiolus communis i—i- polliearis; foliola 6-9-juga, latiuscule oblonga, 3-4-linearia, submarginata, utrinque pubescentia. Capitula globosa. Flores pubescentes. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical North America: Cape San Lucas, California, Xantus. 36. M. BOLIVIANA, Benth. Fruticosa, ferrugineo-pubescens. Aculei infrastipulares recurvi. Foliola 20-30-juga, latiuscule oblonga, supra glabrescentia, subtus dense pilosa, 3—4-linearia, margine recurva. Pedunculi axillares. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical South America: Bolivia, Kelly, Mandon, n. 756. Frutex videtur ramosissimus, ramis ferrugineo-pubescentibus. Aculei preter infrastipulares pauci, sparsi in ramulis petiolisque. Foliorum petiolus communis 2-4 lin. longus; pinne 2-3-pollicares. Foliola siccitate nigricantia, supra sspe nitidula; pili pagine inferioris rigidi, densi. Pedunculi 1-2- pollicares, dense rufo-pubescentes. Capitula globosa. Calyx longe eiliato-fimbriatus. Corolla apice strigillosa. 37. M. POLYCARPA, Kunth! Mim. 8. t. 3. Fruticosa, strigosa, ramulis tenuibus elongatis. Aculei infrastipulares gemini, recti, additis paucis sparsis. Foliola 20-70- juga, linearia, 3-5 lin. longa, utrinque pilosa. Legumen 4-1-pollicare, 2 lin. latum, margine longe setoso, valvis breviter strigosis glabrisve 3—4-articulatis.—77. Bras. Mim. M. ranthocentra, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 130. M. longipinna, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 366. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Piauhy, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, and Mattogrosso; Bolivia, D'Orbigny, n. 531; Peru, near Caxamarca, Humboldt and Bonpland ; Ocaña in New Granada, Schlim, n. 173. 38. M. Mansıı, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 130. Herbacea, decumbens. Aculei infra- stipulares gemini, recti, additis paucis sparsis parvis. Foliola 20-40-juga, linearia, 2—4 lin. longa, supra glabra, subtus pilosa. Legumen lineare, margine strigoso-aculeato.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Mattogrosso. Series 5. Pudiez. Frutices suffrutices v. herbe, aculeis. omnibus v. nonnullis infra- stivularibus armati, additis interdum paucis sparsis ; rarius hinc inde subinermes. Pinne Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. 397 2—4-jugc, ad apicem petioli approximate subdigitate, v. rarius secus petiolum dissite, v. in foliis nonnullis ad par unicum reducte. Foliola multijuga, margine nerviformi cincta. Pedunculi axillares, folio breviores, v. ad apices ramorum racemosi. Capitula globosa v. elliptica. Flores 4-meri. Legumen setosum v. hispidum, valvis in articulos secedentibus. * Pedunculi petiolo communi breviores v. subequilougi. 39. M. Guaziout, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, setoso-hispida. Pinnæ dissite 2-jugee; foliola 12-20-juga, lineari-falcata, nitidula, 2—4-linearia. ^ Pedunculi 3-5 lin. longi. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 40. M. PUDICA, Zinn. ! Spec. 1501. Suffruticosa v. annua, pilosa v. glabrata. Pinne confertim 2-jugee rarius l-jugw ; foliola 15-25-juga, linearia, 3-5 lin, longa. Legumen 6-8 lin. longum, 13 lin. latum, inter semina sepius contractum, margine setosum, facie- bus glabris.—Fl. Bras. Mim. a. forma hispidior: M. pudica, Linn., Willd. Spec. iv. 1031. - M. tetrandra, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1032, ex descr. " M. hispidula, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 252. — M. striato-stipula, Steud.! in Flora, 1843, 758. ~M. hirsuta, Mos. et Sess. in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 383, ex char. (pinnis szepius 1-jugis). 6. forma glabrior : M. pudica, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 252. — M. pudibunda, Willd. Spec. iv. 1032. = M. endymionis, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 131. — M. irritabilis, Presi! Bot. Bemerk. 64 (pinnis sepius 1-jugis). — M. unijuga, Duch. et Walp. ! in Linnea, xxiii. 744 (pinnis sepius 1-jugis). Hab. Tropical America: a common weed in most parts of the region, naturalized also in many parts of tropical Africa and Asia. 41. M. POLYDACTYLA, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1033. Suffruticosa, hir- suta v. subglabra. Pinn: confertim 4-5-jug&, rarius 3-juge; foliola 30-60-juga, linearia, iis M. pudice sepius minora. Legumina fere M. pudice, sed sepe in capitulo numero- sissima, in massam globosam conferta, setis marginalibus fuscis v. flavicantibus dense echinata.—Kunth ! Mim.t.5; Fl. Bras. Mim. ir M. Glockeri, Meissn.! Pl. Glock. Exs. n. 177. M. 6-phylla, Salzm. Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil prov. Bahia, Pernambuco, and Pará; Guiana, Co- lumbia. 42. M. vERECUNDA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 368. Suffruticosa, pubescens et reflexo-hispida. Aculei rari. Pinnz subdissite 3-juge, rarius 2-juge; foliola 30-60- juga, linearia, 1-3 lin. longa. Legumen ¿-pollicare, 2-23 lin. latum, margine longe setosum, faciebus sepius breviter setosis pubescentibusye.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. . 398 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Mimosa. ** Pedunculi petiolo communi multo longiores. 43. M. DIGITATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 368. Fruticosa, scabro-pubescens : v. villosa. Aculei parvi v. 0. Pinnæ confertim 3-4-jugw ; foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, 1-14 lin. longa. Legumen 6-8 lin. longum, ad 2 lin. latum, minute pilosulum v. glabrum nec setosum.—JZ7. Bras. Mim. -Hab. 'Tropieal America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 44. M. RUFIPILA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 368. Fruticosa, patentim hir- sutissima. Aculei rari. Pinne confertim 3-4-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen margine dense setosum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 45. M. nervosa, Bong. ; Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 370. Suffruticosa ?, pro- strata, patentim pilosa. Aculei parvi, decidui. Pinn« dissite 2-3-juge v. 1-juge; foliola 6-12-juga, oblonga v. lanceolata, 3—4-linearia, subglauca, glabra v. subtus pilosa. Le- gumen ¿-pollicare, 2-2} lin. latum, margine longe setosum, faciebus appresse pilosulis v. strigosis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Goyaz. | M. hirta, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 31, only known from the rude figure, may possibly be a variety of M. nervosa with rather larger and more numerous leaflets. Series 6. Hirsute. Suffrutices v. frutices pilis patentibus hirsuti, inermes. Pinne confertim v. dissite 2-4-juge, rarius l-juge. Foliola multijuga, 3-5-nervia, immarginata. Pedunculi axillares petiolo communi longiores v. superiores in racemum terminalem dispositi. Capitula globosa v. oblonga. Flores A-meri. Legumen setosum v. hispidum, valvis in articulos secedentibus. I have collected under this head a number of species which have the long peduncles of the last three species of Pudice and of the Pedunculose, but without the prickles of the former, and without the nerve- like margins of the leaflets of both those groups. The pinne are also rarely reduced to a single pair (in the last two species), whilst in the Pedunculose it is only the first two that have a second pair. 46. M. MACROCEPHALA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Erecta, dura, longe rufo- pilosa. Pinnx confertim 2-juge ; foliola 8-15-juga, ovato-oblonga, 4—6-linearia, utrinque pilis ciliatis ramosisve vestita. Capitula oblonga. Legumen pollicare, 3 lin. latum, margine densissime longeque setosum, valvis nudis articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 47. M. ECHINOCARPA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Erecta, patentim hispida. Pinne subconfertim 3-jugz ; foliola' 15-20-juga, oblonga, 2-3-linearia, glabra v. parce ciliata. Capitula globosa. Legumen 8-10-lineare, 2-23 lin. latum, margine dense longe- que setosum, valvis nudis v. breviter setosis articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 48. M. VESTITA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 369. Suffruticosa, patentim hir- sutissima. Pinne subdissite 4-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, late oblonga, sub-3-linearia, utrin- «que laxe hirsuta v. fere glabra. Capitula. globosa, longe racemosa. Legumen 34-polli- Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. | 399 care, ad 3 lin. latum, margine breviter setosum, valvis retrorsum setosis indivisis v. 2-artieulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz.. 49. M. HIRSUTA, Spreng.! Syst. ii. 204. Suffruticosa, decumbens, patentim pilosa. . Pinnx dissite 2-3-juge ; foliola 6-12-juga, oblonga v. lanceolata, subtus pilosa, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares. Capitula ovoideo-globosa. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. M. dispersa, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 369. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes and Goyaz. 50. M. POGONOCLADA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Suffruticosa, procumbens, longe setoso-pilosa. Pinnæ dissite 3-5-juge; foliola 10-12-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, coriacea, subtus parce setosa. Pedunculi axillares. Capitula globosa. Legumen ig- notum. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Parana. 51. M. PROCURRENS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 371. Suffruticosa, prostrata, longe rufo-pilosa. Pinns confertim 2-juge v. summe 1-juge ; foliola 10-15-juga, ovato- oblonga, subsemipollicaria, sparse pilosa. Capitula globosa. Legumen ignotum.— FI. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 52. M. BARBIGERA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 371. Suffruticosa, longe pa- tentim pilosa. Pinne 1-juge rarius 2-juge; foliola 12-18-juga, oblonga, 4-5-linearia, glabra v. subtus parce pilosa. Legumen subpollicare, 2 lin. latum, margine setosum, valvis demum denudatis artieulatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 53. M. nmirsurissima, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 135. Suffruticosa, longe patentim pilosa. Pinne l-jugw, petiolo abbreviato ; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, 4-5 lin. longa, utrinque pilosa. Legumen ignotum.— 7. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo. Series 7. Pedunculose. Suffrutices, rarius frutices (v. interdum herbe ?), reptantes prostrati v. diffusi, inermes. Pinne 1-juge v. rarius 2A-juge. Foliola pluri- sepius mullijuga, margine nerviformi cincta. Pedunculi axillares, sepius elongati. | Capitula globosa. Flores 4-meri, rarius 5-meri. Legumen setosum v. hispidum, valvis articulatis. * Pinne 2-4-juge. ی ی‎ 54. M. ELONGATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 369. Suffruticosa, patentini v.reflexo-pilosa. Pinn® 3-4-juge ; foliola 20—30-juga, lanceolata v. linearia, 3—4. lin. longa, subtus pilosa. Peduneuli pollicares. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil (prov. Goyaz ?). | 55. M. tomentosa, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1033. Fruticosa, pilis pa- tentibus villosa, ramis elongatis. Pinne 2-juge. Foliola 10-18-juga, oblonga, 3—4- linearia, utrinque dense appresseque setoso-villosa. Legumen ¿-pollicare, 2-24 lin. latum, undique dense appresseque setoso-villosum, valvis articulatis.—Kunth ! Mim. t. 4. VOL. XXX. 3 6 400 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE 1۰ [ Mimosa. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, Maypures on the Orinoco, Humboldt and Bon. pland, Spruce, n. 3654; Barcelona, Moritz. ** Pine ۰ 56. M. LONGIPES, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 370. Subacaulis, patentim pilosa. Petioli pedunculique subradicales, semipedales longioresque; foliola 8-20-juga, late' linearia, 3-1-pollicaria, glabra v. inferiora subtus pilosa. Legumen 1-14-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, margine parce ciliatum, faciebus pilis brevibus conspersis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 57. M. FLAGELLARIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 372. Prostrata, parce scabro- hispida. Petiolus brevis; foliola 5—7-juga, obovata v. oblonga, subsemipollicaria, 2-3- nervia, glabra v. pilis brevibus conspersa. Legumen semipollicare, margine setosum, faciebus glabris nudis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil, Sello; Porto Alegre, Tweedie. 58. M. MARGINATA, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 82. Prostrata, patentim pilosa. Petiolus brevis; foliola 10-20-juga, oblonga, 4-5 lin. longa, subavenia, glabra v. subtus strigillosa. Legumen 8-10-lineare, undique setoso-hispidissimum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. prostrata, Hort. Berol.! Schleid. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xix. pars ii. 70 (nomen). Hab. Extratropieal South America: South Brazil, Sello; Maldonado, King; Rio de la Plata, Anderson. : 59. M. FALCIPINNA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 371. Prostrata, patentim pilosa. - Foliola 20-30-juga, oblonga, 3-4 lin. longa, longe setosissima. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. : Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 60. M. DISTANS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 889. Suffruticosa, strigoso-pilosa. Petiolus 3-1-pollicaris ; foliola 20-50-juga, falcato-lanceolata, 34-44 lin. longa, subtus strigosa, costa submarginali. Legumen semipollieare, 2 lin. latum, undique breviter setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz. The species approaches M. neuroloma in the almost marginal midrib, and is often near it in habit; but the peduncles are twice as long, and the indumentum different. 61. M. AXILLARIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 382. Fruticosa ? decumbens v. prostrata, strigosa. Petiolus abbreviatus ; foliola 20—40-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2 lin. longa, nitida, supra nigra, subtus canescentia, costa tenui a margine distante. Legumen semipollicare, 2 lin. latum, breviter strigosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes ? and Goyaz. 62. M. mEPTANS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 372. Suffruticosa, reptans, — pubescens parceque pilosa. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-2 lin. longa, conferta. Capitula globosa. Bractex corolla multo breviores. Legumen subsemipollicare, 2 lin. latum, margine aspero-hirtum, faciebus strigoso-setulosis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. ' Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil, Maldonado, Asuncion. © Mimosa] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 401 63. M. LASIOCEPHALA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 372. Suffruticosa, procumbens, molliter piloso-pubescens. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 10-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-2 lin. longa, conferta. Capitula ovoidea, bractearum ciliis prominentibus villosissima. Legumen subsemipollicare, 2 lin. latum, margine aspero-hirtum, faciebus strigoso-setu- . losis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical (?) South America: South Brazil, Sello. 64. M. PAUPERA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 272. Suffruticosa, prostrata, ramosissima, strigosa v. glabrata. Petiolus filiformis, 3-$-pollicaris; foliola 4-8-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, marginata, ciliata. Legumen semipollicare, 1} lin. latum, breviter strigosum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil, Sello; Banda Oriental. 65. M. MULTIPLEX, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 373. Suffruticosa, diffusa, tenuis. subglabra. Petiolus filiformis; foliola 5-8-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, obscure mar- ginata, nuda. Legumen ignotum.—/. Bras. Mim. i Hab. Extratropical (?) South America; South Brazil, Sello. 66. M. DIFFUSA, Benth, ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 373. Suffruticosa, diffusa, tenuis- sima, glaberrima. Petiolus filiformis; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, 1-2 lin. longa, mar- ginata, nuda. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. d Series 8. Meticulos®. Prutices, suffrutices v. herbe rigide, inermes. Pinne unijuge. Foliola multijuga, rarius paucijuga, rigida, 2- plurinervia, margine nerviformi ciliato cincta. Pedunculi sepius gemini, in racemum rarius in paniculam terminalem dispositi, v. inferiores axillares brevesque. Capitula globosa v. rarius elliptica. Flores vulgo 4-meri. Legumen ubi notum setosum, valvis indivisis v. pauciarticulatis. The numerous Brazilian species of this series, differing slightly from the Caste in the total absence of prickles, and from the Pedunculose in inflorescence, from the Hirsute in the nerve-like margin of the leaflets, are exceedingly difficult to.arrange in subordinate groups. After repeated trials the following have appeared to me the most natural. A. Legumen ubi notum breve v. oblongum, 1-2-spermum, valvis indivisis (marginibus interdum viz solutis) ; in speciebus 8 prioribus ignotum. * Racemus ramosus (in posterioribus simplex). Petiolus communis subnullus. Foliola coriacea (POLYCEPHALA). 67. M. TAXIFOLIA, Bong.; Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 373. Fruticosa, strigosa. ` Petiolus brevissimus ; foliola 15-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, rigida, ad 3 lin. longa, ciliata, glabra. Capitula breviter pedunculata, paniculata. Legumen ignotum.—77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 68. M. POLYCEPHALA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 374. Fruticosá, molliter villosa. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 30-40-juga, oblongo-linearia, ad 3 lin. longa, ' : 362 402 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Mimosa, utrinque villosa. Capitula breviter pedunculata, paniculata. Legumen junius densis- sime rufo-pilosum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Pernambuco. ** Folia ad basin caulis pauca, petiolo 3—6-pollicari. 69. M. PETIOLARIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 376. Suffruticosa, strigoso- setulosa. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblonga, 4-5-linearia. Capitula breviter pedunculata, in caule subaphyllo longe racemosa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil (prov. Goyaz ?). *** Foliorum petiolus communis. brevis, rarius 1-3-pollicaris. Foliola coriacea, insig- niter marginata, glabra v. scabro-hispida (RIGIDA). t Calyx paleaceus. 70. M. HONESTA, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 137. Fruticosa, prostrata, longe pilosa. Foliola sub-4-juga, ovato-orbiculata, 4-5-linearia. Capitula ad apices ramorum pauca, breviter pedunculata. Legumen ignotum.—Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropieal America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 71. M. RIGIDA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 377. Suffruticosa, glabra v. parce setulosa. Foliola 10-12-juga, dimidiato-oblonga, subsesquipollicaria, glabra. Capitula . racemosa, setosd-hispida. Legumen 4-6 lin. longum, 3 lin. latum, rigide setosissimum, valvis indivisis v. vix 2-articulatis.— F7, Bras. Mim. M. calocephala, var. ? major, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1088. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. ++ Calyx obsoletus. | 72. M. CALLOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 376. Suffruticosa, glabra, glauca. Petiolus 1-1i-polliearis; foliola 30-50-juga, conferta, dimidiato-lanceolata, 2-linearia. Legumen semipollicare, longe denseque setosum, valvis indivisis.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil (prov. Rio Janeiro or Bahia ?), Lushnath. 73. M. sETIPEs, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 376. Suffruticosa, setosa. Petiolus vix semipollicaris; foliola 30-50-juga, conferta, lanceolata, 3-4-linearia, margine setosa, ceterum glabra. Legumen semipollicare, densissime setosum, valvis indivisis.—F!. Bras. Mim. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: South Brazil. 74. M. METICULOSA, Mart.! Herb. FL Bras. 135, non Benth. Suffruticosa, sparse setosa, glabra v. superne pubens. Foliola 10-12-juga, ovali-oblonga, 4-8 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus sparse strigosa. Legumen seepius obovatum, 1-spermum, 3-4-lineare, densissime setosum, valvis indivisis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. . M. rigescens, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 376. : N UNA Hab. Tropical and extratropical South America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, South Brazil, and Rio Grande. | | 75. M. coxrERTA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Suffruticosa, hispida. Petiolus Mimosa.] : MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 403 brevissimus ; foliola 10-18-juga, oblonga, 3-4-linearia, utrinque sirigoso-villosa. Legumen 3-31 lin. longum, undique longe denseque setosum, valvis indivisis. M. acerba, var. latifolia, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 378. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo and Minas ۰ . 76. M. ACERBA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 378, excl. var. B. Suffruticosa, scabro-hispida. Petiolus 4-3-pollicaris; foliola 15—30-juga, oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa, utrinque scabro-hispida. Legumen obovatum, 3-4 lin. longum, densissime setosum, valvis subindivisis.—77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. **** Rami lanati v. molliter villosi. Petiolus brevissimus, rarius semipollicaris. Foliola glabra v. molliter villosa, margine nerviformi tenui. Calyx obsoletus (ERIOCAULES). 77. M. ERIOPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 87. Fruticosa, dense lanata. Foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, 8-10 lin. longa, dense sericeo-villosa. Legumen junius setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo. 78. M. POGOCEPHALA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 382. Fruticosa, ramis dense lanatis. Foliola 12-15-juga, oblonga, 3—4 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus pilosula, plana, tenuiter 2-3-nervia. Capitula bractearum ciliis villosissima. Legumen 6-8 lin. longum, 3—4 lin. latum, breviter denseque muricato-setosum, valvis indivisis v. vix 2-articulatis. — Fl. Bras. Mim. M. erinacea, Benth. ! 1. c. 383. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 79. M. ERIOCAULIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 383. Fruticosa, ramulis tomen- toso-lanatis. Foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, 4-6-linearia, glabra v. subtus strigillosa, plana, tenuiter 2-3-nervia. Bractearum cilia . ultra alabastros haud prominentia. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. E Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 80. M. MICROCARPA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, appresse lanata v. scabro-hirta. Folia in axillis sepe conferta; foliola confertim 20-30-juga, linearia, 1-1} lin. longa, supra glabra, subtus strigillosa, convexa, prominenter 2-3-nervia. Legu- men vix 4 lin. longum, 2 lin. latum, undique hirsutissimum, valvis ssepius indivisis. M. fasciculata, Benth! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 383. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America : South Brazil. As the Acacia fasciculata, Benth., proves to be a true Mimosa, and has consequently preoccupied the specific name, I have been obliged to change that of the present species. 4 B. Legumen ubi notum planum, setosum v. strigosum, valvis in articulos 2 v. plures at secedentibus. "© Foliola (4-2-pollicaria), dimidiata, utrinque villosa, subtus (ezcepta M. imbricata) prominente 2—5-nervia (RUDES).. + Calyx obsoletus. — SL M. webs, Benth. 1 in Hook. Journ. «Bot. iv. 377. Suffruticosa, scabro-hispida. 404 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. [ Mimosa. Foliola 3-7-juga, dimidiato-ovata, pleraque 2-pollicaria, 3-nervia, scabro-hispida. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes or Goyaz. 82. M. ASPERRIMA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 377. Suffruticosa, scabro-hispida. Foliola 7-10-juga, dimidiato-oblonga, vix pollicaria, 3-nervia, scabro-hispida.: Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil (prov. Minas Geraes ?). tt Calyx paleaceus. 88. M. RADULA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 377. Suffruticosa, scabro-hispida. Foliorum inferiorum petiolus 2-3-pollicaris; foliola 5-7-juga, dimidiato-ovata, 1-2-polli- caria, 3-5-nervia, scabro-hirta. Capitula sessilia. Legumen ignotum.—77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 84. M. CALYCINA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 377. Fruticosa v. suffruticosa, scabro-hispida. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 8-10-juga, dimidiato-ovata, vix pollicaria, 3—5-nervia, scabro-hispida, ciliis marginalibus tenuibus. Legumen 1-13-pollicare, 2-21 lin. latum, undique densissime setosum, valvis 2-6-articulatis.—F/. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. | 85. M. DIMIDIATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 378. Suffruticosa, scabro- tomentella et longe pilosa. Petiolus brevissimus ; foliola 12-15-juga, ovato-lanceolata, dimidiata, 4—$-pollicaria, nervis 4-5 valde prominentibus, utrinque scabro-hispida, mar- gine rigide ciliata. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. - | 86. M. IMBRICATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 378. Suffruticosa, molliter pilosissima. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 10-15-juga, faleato-oblonga, semipollicaria, conferta, subtus pilosissima, nervis vix conspicuis. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. ** Foliola angusta, falcata, conferta, multijuga, insigniter marginata, preter cilia marginalia glabra. Calyx paleaceus v. pappiformis (MARGINATE). 87. M. CALOCEPHALA, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 133. Fruticosa v. suffruticosa, ramis crassis lanatis. Petiolus brevissimus ; foliola 25—40-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, vix 5 lin. longa. Capitula i-1 poll. diametro. Legumen 4-6 lin. longum, molliter pilosissimum, valvis 2-articulatis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. | M. Pohlii, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 375. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia. 88. M. PAPPOSA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 375. Fruticosa ? strigosa. Petiolus brevissimus ; foliola 20-40-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula 4-5 lin. diametro. Legumen ¿-pollicare v. longius, 3 lin. latum, molliter setosum, valvis 2-3- articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 89. M. coxciyxa, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, patentim hirsuta. Mimosa. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 405 Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 10-30-juga, linearia, fere 2 lin. longa. Capitula parva? Legumen 3-1-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, strigoso-setosum, valvis 2-5-articulatis. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 90. M. HYPOGLAUCA, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 133, pro parte. Fruticosa, subsetoso-pu- bescens. Petiolus 1-3 lin. longus; foliola 15-30-juga, lineari-oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula vix 4 lin. diametro. Legumen 6-9 lin. longum, 3 lin. latum, strigosum, valvis 2 4-articulatis.— Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia. *** Foliola tenuiter marginata, parva v. rarius semipollicaria, pilis setisve appressis plus minus vestita (VULGARES). + Capitula bractearum ciliis ante anthesin villosa. Calyx (excepta M. subvestita) pappiformis v. paleaceus. 91. M. SUBVESTITA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 379. Fruticosa? ferrugineo- hirta. Petiolus l-2-linearis; foliola 8-10-juga, obovato-oblonga, subsemipollicaria. Calyx subnullus. Legumen 8-9 lin. longum, undique ferrugineo-hispidum, valvis pauci- articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. ` Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 92. M. LANATA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 379. Suffruticosa, dense lanata. Petiolus 1-3-linearis, foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, 3-4 lin. longa. Calyx pappiformis. Legumen semipollicare, undique dense setosum, valvis 2-3-articulatis.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: South Brazil. 93. M. STIPULARIS, Bong., Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 380. Fruticosa, longe pilosa. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Stipules latiuseule. Inflorescentia brevis. Legumen M. subsericeg.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Described from a single specimen, and may possibly prove to be a variety of M. subsericea. 94. M. SUBSERICEA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 380. Suffruticosa, sericeo- pilosa v. strigosa. Petiolus semipollice brevior; foliola 20-50-juga, linearia, 13-3 lin. longa. Stipule anguste. Inflorescentia elongata, alte foliata. Legumen 6-10 lin. longum, margine densissime setosum, valvis 3-4-articulatis.--Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo and Minas Geraes. 95. M. GOYAZENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 380. Suffruticosa, patentim hispida. Petiolus 1-2 lin. longus; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa. Inflo- rescentia basi tantum foliata. Capitula 3-4 lin. diametro, alabastris villis obtectis. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. 96. M. rREMULA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 380. Suffruticosa, patentim hir- suta. Petiolus sepius brevissimus و‎ foliola 20—40-juga, lineari-lanceolata, 1-3 lin. longa. Inflorescentia basi tantum foliata. Capitula 2-3 lin. diametro, alabastris semitectis. Legumen semipollicare, margine dense setosum, valvis 3_4-articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo and Minas Geraes. 406 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Mimosa. tt Capitula alabastris eminentibus non villosa. Calyx obsoletus. 97. M. sETISTIPULA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 879. Fruticosa, ferrugineo- hirta. Petiolus brevissimus; foliola 10—15-juga, oblonga, 3-4 lin. longa, obscure 2-3-nervia. Legumen vix semipollicare, margine dense ferrugineo-setosum, valvis 2+3- artieulatis.—77. Bras. Mim. M. meticulosa, var. fuscescens, Benth. ! 1. c. 382. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 98. M. NEUROLOMA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, hispida. Petiolus infra-semipollicaris ; foliola 15-40-juga, lanceolato-subfalcata, 3-4 lin. longa, costa pro- minula submarginali. Legumen $-3-pollicare, undique setosum, valvis 2-3-articulatis. M. meticulosa, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 381, non Mart. Hab. "Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo and Minas Geraes. 99. M. BREVIPES, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 381. Suffruticosa, piloso-hirta, caule virgato dense foliato. Petiolus subnullus ; foliola 15-20-juga, ad 3 lin. longa, conferta, 2-3-nervia. Legumen vix 4 lin. longum, hirsutissimum, valvis 2-articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 100. M. HUMIFUSA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Suffruticosa, ramosissima, prostrata. Petiolus 1-2 lin. longus, pinnz 4-5 lin. ; foliola 8-10-juga, conferta, 1-2 lin. longa, 1-nervia. Legumen junius dense setosum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Series 9. Myriophylle. Prutices suffruticesve inermes. Pinne multijuge. Foliola multijuga, parva. Capitula globosa v. ovoidea, in racemum terminalem disposita v. infe- riora axillaria. Flores vulgo 4-meri. Legumen ubi notum breve, setosum, valvis in- dwisis. 101. M. RsewELLm, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxii. 529. Suffruticosa, elata, strigoso-villosa. Pinnz 8-10-jugze ; foliola 25-85-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, ciliata v. dorso strigosa. Capitula globosa, breviter pedunculata, longe racemosa. Calyx pappiformis. Legumen ovatum, turgidum, 3—4-lineare, dense strigoso-setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. | 102. M. MYRIOPHYLLA, Bong.; Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 984. Suffruticosa, strigosa. Pinnz 12-30-juge; foliola 30-60-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-14 lin. longa, glabra v. canescentia. Capitula ovoidea, brevissime pedunculata, longe racemosa. Calyx paleaceus. Legumen ovatum, 2-3-lineare, strigoso-setosum.— Fl. Bras, Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes? - 103. M. MICROPTERIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 384. Fruticosa, strigoso- scabra. Pinn* 10-15-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, obtusa, vix lineam longa, nitidula. Capitula globosa, longiuscule pedunculata, axillaria v. breviter racemosa. Calyx pappi- formis. Legumen junius strigosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 407 Series 10. Spieiflore. Prutices ramis sepius lare sarmentosis v. alte scandentibus, aculeis sparsis sepius parvis crebris recurvis. Pinne pluri- v. multijuge. Foliola mul- tijuga. Flores plerique v. omnes 5-meri, 5-andri, in spicas cylindraceas v. oblongas rarius ovoideas axillares v. paniculatas dispositi. Legumen planum, elongatum, nudum v. margine aculeolatum, valvis tenuibus multiarticulatis. A very distinct series, with the pod and habit of some Habbasiæ, but differing in their 5-merous flowers with only 5 stamens. i * Foliorum petiolus communis eglandulosus. Spice awillares v. ad apices ramorum | racemose. 104. M. TOVARENSIS, Benth.,sp.n. Rami laxe pubescentes. Pinne 4-5-jug® ; foliola 10-20-juga, linearia, 1-2 lin. longa. Spice ovoidere, rhachi ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen 3-4 poll. longum, 6-7 lin. latum, puberulum, margine minute aculeato v. nudo. - Hab. Tropical America: Venezuela, near the colony of Tovar (Caracas), Fendler, n. 344. Habitu et aculeis M. spiciflore valde affinis, pube diversa. Pinne et foliola multo pauciora, petiolo .eommuni vix pollicem longo ;, pinnis }—}-pollicaribus. Spice fere ad capitulum reductz, floribus iis M. spiciflore minoribus, pariter tamen 5-meris 5-andrisque. Legumen angustius quam in M. spieiflora, ceeterum simillimum. - 105. M. SPICIFLORA, Karst.! Fl. Colomb. ii. 61, t. 131. Glabra v. pube tenui in ramis rara, in spice rhachi brevi. Pinn» 7-10-juge; foliola 20-40-juga, linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice cylindraces, dense, pollicares. Legumen 4-5-pollicare, 3 poll. latum, minute puberulum, margine aculeolato v. nudo, valvis tenuibus multiarticulatis. Schrankia glabra, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ, v. 94. Hab. Tropical America: Colombia, Linden, n. 1501; Caraeas and Porto Cabello, Karsten, Fendler, n. 2245. 106. M. RHODOSTACHYA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Tomentoso-pubescens. Pinne 5-8-juge; foliola 20-25-juga, linearia, 11-2 lin. longa. Spice laxiuscule, 13-2- pollieares. Legumen 3-4 poll. longum, 5-6 lin. latum, glabrum, nudum, valvis tenuibus multiartieulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Schrankia rhodostachya, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 414. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Bahia, and Ceara. 107. M. MILLEFOLIATA, Scheele in Linnea, xvi. 337, ex char. dato. Pubescens. Pinne 10-20-juge ; foliola 30-40-juga, anguste linearia, 1-14 lin. longa. Spice laxius- cule, 2-3-pollicares. Legumen sub-4-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, glabrum, nudum v. aculeis marginalibus raris, valvis tenuibus multiarticulatis.—F7. Bras. Mim. | ; Schrankia macrostachya, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 414. Mimosa calistachya, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 65, ex char. dato. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, and probably Sao Paulo. ** Foliorum petiolus glandula scutelliformi instructus. Frutices alte scandentes. Spice ad apices ramorum ample paniculate. | The petiolar gland is wanting in the whole genus except in the following two species and in the small VOL. XXX. 3H 408 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Mimosa. series Glandulifere of Habbasia, which also resemble the following in their habit and prickles, but have globular flower-heads and diplomerous stamens. 108. M. MYRIADENA, Benth.! im Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Tomentella v. puberula. Pinne 8-12-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, 14 lin. longa, subtus glanduloso-punctata (v. rarius epunctata?). Legumen ad 3 poll. longum, 4-5 lin. latum, glanduloso-punctatum, nudum, valvis multiarticulatis. Entada myriadena, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 133. Acacia paniculeflora, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 760. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, Venezuela; also apparently in New Granada, at Villavicenzia near Bogota, Triana; the specimen in fruit only, and the leaflets more pubescent underneath, with the glandular dots scarcely perceptible, but with the large petiolar gland characteristic of the species. 109. M. PUNCTULATA, Spruce: Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberula mox gla- brescens. Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, oblique obovata v. rhombea, 6-9 lin. longa, glabra, subtus punctis glandulosis conspersa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. Series 11. Obstrigose. Fruticuli inermes v. sparse aculeati, strigis rigidis in ramis pedunculisque deorsum appressis, v. rarius glabri. Pinne wnijuge. Foliola parva, mul- tijuga. Capitula globosa, in axillis breviter pedunculata v. sessilia, rarius ad apices ramo- rum breviter racemosa. Flores sepissime 5-meri. Legumen planum v. crassum, valvis pauciarticulatis v. indivisis. | | * Foliorum petiolus communis 14-4 lin. longus. 110. M. GLABRA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 386. Glaberrima glauca. Aculei recti. Foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-linearia, coriacea, 14-24 lin. longa. Peduneuli 4-1- pollicares. Legumen 1-1 poll. longum, fere 3 lin. latum, crassum, nudum, marginibus latis, valvis indivisis.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. 111: M. sparsa, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 885. Parce deorsum strigosa. Aculei tenues, recti. Foliola 10-18-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-14 lin. longa, subglabra. Pedun- culi j-l-pollicares. Legumen 1-13-pollicare, planum, margine nerviformi appresse ciliato, valvis glabris nudis 6—8-articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. ** Foliorum petiolus communis brevissimus subnullus. ۱ 112. M. PARVIPINNA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 384. Deorsum strigosa, inermis. Pinna 3-6 lin. longe ; foliola 15-30-juga, linearia, semilineam longa, glabra, eiliolata. Pedunculi 2-24 lin. longi. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. 113. M. nuPEsTRIs, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 385. Deorsum strigosa, sub- inermis. Pinne ¿-1-pollicares; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-14 lin. longa, glabra, ciliolata. Pedunculi subpollicares. Legumen 4-9 lin. longum, 2 lin. latum, rigide strigoso-setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. subinermis, Benth! 1. c. Mimosa.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 409 Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and the southern provinces. 114. M. RAMULOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 385. Deorsum strigosa. Aculei sparsi.: Foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, linea seepius breviora, glabra, ciliolata. Pedunculi 9-6 lin. longi. Legumen junius undique strigoso-setosum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: Brazil, southern provinces and adjoining parts of the Argentine Republic. ۱ 115. M. CILIATA, Spreng.! Syst. ii. 205. Deorsum strigosa. Aculei sparsi. Foliola 6-8-juga, oblonga, 13 lin. longa, glabra, nitentia. Capitula sessilia. Legumen 9-12 lin. longum, undique strigoso-setosum, margine latiusculo, valvis pluriarticulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. M. Sprengelii, DC. ! Prod. ii. 430; Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 385. Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil. In some herbaria I have seen specimens both of M. sparsa and of M. appressa distributed with the M. ciliata under the name of M. Sprengelii. Ihad adopted the latter name for the present species given to it by De Candolle on account of the older M. ciliata of Willdenow ; but as the latter proves not to be different from the M. asperata, Linn., Sprengel's M. ciliata must now be restored. 116. M. ADPRESSA, Hook. et Arn.! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 202. Deorsum strigosa. Aculei sparsi. Foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, 1-3 lin. longa, glabra. Capitula sessilia. Legumen pollicare v. paullo longius, 21-3 lin. latum, planum, strigosum, margine ner- viformi, valvis 3—5-articulatis.— Zl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South America: Banda Oriental and adjoining districts of the Argentine Republic. Series 12. Lepidote. Frutices inermes, plus minus tomento stellato plumoso v, lepidoto incani flavicantes v. fulvescentes. Pinne uni- v, plurijuge. Foliola pluri- v. multijuga. Capitula globosa v. spice oblonge v. cylindracee, in axillis superioribus pedunculata, v. summa interdum paniculata. Flores sepissime 4-meri, in pluribus speciebus flavi. Legumen planum, tomentosum v. lanatum, nec setosum, monospermum v. valvis pluriarticulatis. The peculiar tomentum of this series is not to be met with in any other part of the genus except in a few species of the Habbasie Leptostachye. ; * Pinne unijuge. Capitula depressa vel globosa. 117. M. INVOLUCRATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 386. Floccoso-tomentosa et plumoso-pilosa. Foliola 12-15-juga, linearia, 23-3 lin. longa, incana. Capitula depresso- globosa, bracteis lanceolatis pluriseriatis involucrata. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. | : Hab. Extratropical ? South America: South Brazil — — 118. M. INCANA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 387. Tomento lepidoto incana. Foliola 8-30-juga, oblonga, 1-3 lin. longa, obtusa, incana. Capitula parva, globosa, exinvoluerata. Legumen planum, incanum, 3-8 lin. longum, 2 lin. latum, valvis 1- ad pluriarticulatis.— £F. Bras. Mim. Acacia incana, Spreng. ! Syst. iii. 137. | in | H 410 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Mimosa. Acacia Sprengelii, Hook. et Arn.! in Hook. Bot, Misc. iii. 205. Mimosa pilulifera, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 386. Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and the. southern provinces, and on the Uruguay. 119. M. CHRYSASTRA, Mart. ; Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Lepidoto-tomentosa mox glabrata. Foliola 12-20-juga, oblonga, 1-2 lin. longa, obtusa, glabrata. Capitula parva, globosa, exinvolucrata. Legumen subpollicare, acuminatum, 2 lin. latum, lepi- doto-tomentosum, planum, valvis sub-3-articulatis. : . Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. ** Pinne plurijuge. | Capitula globosa. 120. M. BonpLanDı, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 387. Tomento lepidoto con- spersa. Pinne 3-4-jugw; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, vix 2 lin. longa, vix canescentia. Legumen 3-1-pollicare, 2 lin. latum, furfuraceum v. stellato-tomentosum, valvis ad semina turgidis pluriarticulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia Bonplandi, Gill. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 205 et Ten. ! Cat. Ort. Napol. 77. Acacia lepidota, Hook. et Arn.! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 205. , Hab. Extratropical South America: South Brazil and Argentine Republic. This species appears to have been published independently in England and Naples under the same name of M. Bonplandi, given to it probably by some one, now unknown, who originally had the plant from Bonpland, and communicated it both to Gillies and to Tenore. 121. M. scABRELLA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 387. Tomento lepidoto incana. Pinne 5-7-jugw ; foliola ultra 30-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-3 lin. longa, utrinque incana. Legumen 1}-pollicare, 2} lin. latum, planum, verrucoso-tomentosum, valvis 4-5-articu- latis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropieal and subtropical South America: South Brazil and apparently prov. Goyaz. | | 122. M. CALOTHAMNUS, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1089. Leproso- v. floccoso-tomen- tosa. Pinne 2-8- rarius 1- v. 4-juge; foliola 12-16-juga, ovato-oblonga v. subrhombea, 3-linearia, coriacea, supra glabra nitida, subtus albo-tomentosa. Legumen planum, 3—1}-pollicare, leproso-tomentosum, valvis pauciarticulatis.— Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 388; Fl. Bras. Mim. : | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 123. M. ERIOCARPA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 387. Plumoso- et lepidoto- tomentosa. Pinne 3-4-juge; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, 1-12 lin. longa, utrinque lepidota. Legumen oblongum, 3-4 lin. longum, l-spermum, densissime plumoso-lana tum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: South Brazil. 3 124. M. AURIVILLUS, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 132. Plumoso- et floccoso-tomentosa. Pinne 2-juge ; foliola 4-8-juga, ovata v. oblonga, 2-5 lin. longa, ‚stellato-tomentosa. Legumen subpollicare, 2 lin. latum, lanatum, 2-articulatum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. T. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. crassa, utrinque dense dense floccoso- v. plumoso- Mimosa. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 411 125. M. PEDUNCULARIS, Bong. ; Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 388. Rami longe setosi, inter setas glabri. Pinn® 2-4-juge ; foliola 6-8-juga, ovata v. oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, utrinque lepidoto-tomentosa. Legumen subsemipollicare, vix 2 lin. latum, rufo- - tomentosum et plumoso-setosum, pauciarticulatum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. *** Pinme 2-4-juge. Spice oblongae, semipollicares v. paullo longiores brevioresve. 126. M. CALODENDRON, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1087. Leproso- v. floccoso-tomen- tosa. Foliola 8-12-juga, ovata v. late oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa, supra glabra sepiusque nitida, subtus albo-tomentosa. Spice oblongw, 6-7 lin. longe. Legumen j-1-pollicare, fere 3 lin. latum, densissime pulvinato-lanatum, ‘valvis pauciarticulatis.— Benth. 1 in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 389; Fl. Bras. Mim, Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 197. M. FURFURACEA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 389. Furfuraceo-tomentosa. Foliola 10-15-juga, ovata, 2-4 lin. longa, utrinque dense tomentosa. Spice oblongo- cylindracese, 6-9 lin. longe. Legumen 4-6 lin. longum, 3 lin. latum, densissime plu- moso-velutinum, 1-2-spermum, valvis indivisis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Sao Paulo. 198. M. SORDIDA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 389. Breviter plumoso- v. lepidoto- tomentosa. Foliola 10-15-juga, ovata v. oblonga, 3-4 lin. longa, utrinque stellato- tomentosa. Spice oblonge, 4-6 lin. longe. Legumen 2-1 poll longum, vix 2 lin. latum, planum, brevissime lepidoto- v. stellato-tomentosum, valvis 2—3-artieulatis.— 7. Bras. Mim. | | Hab, Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. **** Spice cylindracee, anguste v. elongate. 129. M. DALEOIDES, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot.iv.389. Breviter plumoso- v. stellato- ` tomentosa. Pinn® unijugee; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, utrinque cano- tomentosa. Spice graciles, ad 7 lin. long, dense v. basi interrupte. Legumen igno- tum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, and perhaps other southern provinces. 130. M. CYLINDRACEA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 389. Tomento leproso v. plumoso canescens v. rufescens. Pinne 4-9-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, vix 2 lin. longa, utrinque leprosa. Spice 1-1}-pollicares, superiores in racemo numerose. Legumen semipollicare, 2 lin. latum, crassiusculum, scabro-tomentosum, valvis pauci- articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia. Sectio 2. HABBASIA. Stamina numero petalorum duplo plura. Frutices v. rarius suffrutices v. herb:e, rarissime arborescentes, interdum alte scandentes. Foliorum petiolus in una serie glan- dulifer, in ezeteris eglandulosus. Pinne pluri- v. multijugæ, in speciebus paucis unijuge. 412 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Mimosa. Spice globose oblonge v. cylindraces. Calyx varius, sepe magis evolutus quam in Eumimosa. Corolla ssepe profunde divisa, sepius 4-mera, interdum 3-mera v. 5-6-mera. Leguminis margo sepius nudus v. simplici serie aculeolatus, in seriebus ultimis interdum pariter ac valvee setosus. Series 1. Leptostachys. Spice cylindracee v. elongate rarius breviter oblonge. Indumentum tomentosum v. pubescens nec setosum. Petiolus eglandulosus. Flores in speciebus Mexicanis et Columbianis sepius 5-meri, 10-andri, im Brasilianis 4-meri, 8-andri, sed fere in omnibus variant 4—5-meri. * Inermes, lepidoto- v. stellato-tomentose. 131. M. VERRUCOSA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 390. Fruticosa, tomento lepi- doto subverrucosa. Pinns 7-9-juge; foliola 10-20-juga, ovata v. oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, erassiuscula, subtus 2-nervia, costa excentrica. Spice laxe, 4-pollicares, ad apices ramorum racemose. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil prov. Piauhy and Bahia. 132. M. SCHOMBURGKIL, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 133, iv. 390. Arborea, leproso-tomentella. Pinne 7-15-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, quam in M. verrucosa tenuiora, costa unica subcentrali excepta glabra. Spice lax, sub 3-pollicares, ad apices ramorum racemosa. Legumen planum, breviter stipitatum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, leproso-tomentosum, inerme, valvis 6-8-articulatis. Hab, Tropical America: British Guiana, Schomburgk, Appun. 133. M. Triana, Benth., sp. n. Fruticosa ?, lepidoto-tomentosa. Pinns 10-20-juge; foliola 20-40-juga, subfalcato-oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, supra convexa glabra nitida, subtus cano-tomentosa, costa centrali. Spice 2-3-pollicares, racemose. Legumen planum, breviter stipitatum, 1-2-pollicare, 3—4 lin. latum, brevissime lepidoto-tomen- tosum, inerme, valvis 4-8-artieulatis. Hab. Tropical America: New Granada, Villavicencio, Triana. Frutex videtur M. pteridifolie affinis. Rami, petioli, axis inflorescenti et foliolorum costa in pagina inferiore tomento lepidoto v. substellato conspersi. Stipule parve, caduce. Foliorum petiolus com- munis 3—6-pollicaris, eglandulosus. Pinnz 14-3-pollicares. Stipelle minute, setaceze. Foliola majora 3 lin. longa, apicem versus pinn: decrescentia et in foliis ramulorum floridorum vix 2 lin. longa, obtusa v. acutiuscula, basi oblique truncata et fere auriculata, coriacea, supra convexa nitentia et siccitate nigri- cantia et forte in vivo viscidula, subtus tomento brevissimo substellato canescentia, costa lepidota pro- minente. Flores non vidi. Spice fructifere in racemum terminalem confert», secus rhachin 2-3næ, fere a basi cicatricibus florum notate. Leguminis margo tenuis, valvarum articuli subquadrati. 134. M. PTERIDIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 391. Fruticosa, glanduloso- sublepidoto-tomentosa. Pinna 12-18-juge; foliola 12-25-juga, oblonga, 1-2 lin. longa, supra minute puberula, subtus crebre glanduloso-punctata, costa subcentrali. Spice 13-3-pollicares, ad apices ramorum racemose. Legumen immaturum 13-pollicare, aureo- villosissimum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. 5 Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz and Bahia. Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 413 ** Inermes, molliter pubescentes v. tomentose, nunc canescentes v. glabre. t Pinne 4- v. plurijuge. Foliola multijuga, semipollice breviora. | 135. M. HEBECARPA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 87. Arborea, molliter pubescens. Pinne 20-25-juge; foliola multijuga, oblonga, vix lineam longa. Spice axillares, 2-4-pollicares. Legumen planum, 13-2-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, tomentoso- villosum, margine tenui, valvis 6-9-articulatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 136. M. Warmineu, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Arborea, molliter pubescens. Pinnz 4-5-jugee ; foliola 20-30-juga, falcato-linearia, acuta, 3—4 lin. longa, glabra. Spice axillares, 3-4-pollicares. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 137. M. PUBERULA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 88. Arborea, puberula. Pinnæ 5-10-juge; foliola 15-40-juga, oblonga, rigidula, obtusa, 2-24 lin. longa. Spice axil- lares, 13-2-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, planum, 1}-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, pu- bescens, valvis 3—5-articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, near Zimapan, Coulter ; “ New Spain," Herb. Pavon. Arbor, ramulis rigidis verruculosis, specimina tam Pavoniana quam Coulteriana omnino inermia, ceeterum quoad folia M. acutistipule simillima. Stipule subulate, 2-3 lin. longe, rigidule, caducz. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-5-pollicaris, uti ramuli novelli pedunculique pube brevi molli vestitus. Pinn® 14-2-pollicares. Foliola crebra, crassiuscula, 2-2} lin. longa, basi valde inzequalia et oblique trun- cata, costa tamen parum excentrica, utrinque puberula. Spice subgeminz, breviter pedunculate. Flores membranacei, 4-5-meri,fere glabri. Corolla lineam longa, late infundibularis. Calyx subtriplo brevior. Legumen tenue, sepius acuminatum. 138. M. DISCOLOR, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 391. Fruticosa, tomento minu- tissimo canescens v. glabrata. Pinne 4-6-juge. Foliola 15-25-juga, oblongo-linearia, 4-5 lin. longa, supra pallida, subtus ferruginea. Spice 1-2-pollicares, ad apices ramorum racemose. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. ++ Pime 2-4-juge. Foliola paucijuga, semipollice longiora. 139. M. sERICANTHA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 392. Arborea, cano-puberula, subglauca. Pinnæ sub-3-juge ; foliola 4-8-juga, obovata, 4-1-pollicaria, plurinervia. Spice graciles, 2-3-pollicares, racemose. Flores cano-sericei. Legumen stipitatum, planum, 2-3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, cano-puberulum, valvis 4-8-articulatis.— 77. Bras. Mim. | Pithecolobium cinereum, Mart. Herb. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Pernambuco. 140. M. PITHECOLOBIOIDES, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa v. arborea, minute tomentella. Pinne 2-4-juge. Foliola 2-5-juga, obovata, 4-1-pollicaria, penni- venia, glabra, supra nitida. Spice pollicares, dense, racemose. Flores pubescentes. Legumen ignotum. Pithecolobium lasiogynum, Mart. Herb. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 414 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۷0 ۰ [ Mimosa. 141. M. rasroPHYLLA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, tomentosa. Pinnæ 3-4-juge; foliola 4-8-juga, ovata, 4-1-pollicaria, pennivenia, supra minute subtus molliter tomentoso-pubescentia. Spice pollicares, densæ, racemose. Legumen sessile, planum, 2-3-pollicare, 5—6 lin. latum, tomentosum, valvis 4—8-articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. (See also the unarmed states of M. acutistipula and M. arenosa.) *** Aculeate, molliter tomentoso-villose. 142. M. FASCICULATA, Benth. im Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 88. Fruticosa, ferrugineo- tomentosa. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinne 15-25-juge; foliola 10-25-juga, oblonga, ad 3 lin. longa, valde obliqua, costa submarginali, supra pubescentia, subtus villosa. Spice axillares y. racemose, 2-3-pollicares, densiflore. Flores sericeo-villosi. Legu- men ignotum. NT Acacia fasciculata, Kunth ! Mim. 75, t. 23. Mimosa cinerea, Herb. Pavon. ! Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Humboldt and Bonpland, Karwinski. 143. M. DYSOCARPA, Benth.! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 62. Fruticosa, ferrugineo- villosa. Aculei sparsi, subrecurvi. Pinn® 6-10.jugz; foliola 8-10-juga, oblonga, 13-2 lin. longa., utrinque sericeo-villosa, costa submarginali. Spice axillares, oblongo-cylin- dracese, 1-13-pollicares. Flores villosi. Stamina semipollicaria. Legumen planum, 13-2-pollicare, ad semina 2-3 lin. latum, dense tomentoso-villosum, marginibus crassi- usculis, valvis tardius in articulos longiusculos secedentibus. Hab. Extratropical North America: West Texas and Mexican boundary, Wright, n. 144, 163, 1040, Emory, Expedition, n. 309. 144. M. GUATEMALENSIS, Benth. Bot. Sulph. 89, and in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 89. Molliter villosa. Aculei sparsi, recti v. vix recurvi. Pinnse 3-4-juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, obovali-oblonga v. suborbiculata, 1—3.pollicaria, supra breviter subtus longe villosa. Spice axillares, dense, 1-13-pollicares. Flores villosi. Legumen ignotum, Acacia guatemalensis, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 419. : -Hab. 'Tropical America: Mexico and Central Ameriea, Barclay, Sinclair, Coulter, also in Herb. Pavon. under the name of M. ferruginea, and a broad-leaved form under that of M. rotundifolia. ۱ ۱ 145. M. capuca, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 83. Molliter villosa v. tomentosa. Aculei sparsi, subrecurvi. Pinnz 4—6-jugse; foliola 8-10-juga, obovato-oblonga, 3-4 lin. longa, supra convexa nitidula vix puberula, subtus ferrugineo-pubescentia, Spice axillares, pedunculate, oblongz, $-$-pollicares. Flores pubescentes. Legumen planum, ferru- gineo-tomentosum, subsesquipollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, marginibus aeaieie, valvis articulatis. | : Acacia caduca, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1089. ; Hab. Tropical America: Peru, Humboldt and Bonpland. A single fruit still remain- ing on the specimen in Herb. Willd., although imperfect, clearly proves it to be a true Mimosa, very nearly allied to M. guatemalensis. M. semispinosa, Spreng. ! Syst. ii. 206, vix Linn., from a fruiting specimen in Herb, Balb., or Acacia Mimosa. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 415 Spini, Balb.! in Spin. Cat. Suppl. ex DC. Prod. ii. 460, from a flowering specimen in the same herba- rium, both from Santa Marta, from a cursory examjnation, appeared to be a true Mimosa, closely allied to, and probably identical with, M. caduca. The prickles in both specimens were solitary under each leaf. *e** Aculeate (M. acutistipula e£ M. arenosa interdum inermes), glabre v. laxe : pubescentes. | t Species Brasilienses, spicis plerunque paniculatis. 146. M. INTERRUPTA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 392. Fruticosa, puberula v. glabrescens. Aculei infrastipulares oppositi. Pinnæ 5-9-jugz; foliola multijuga, ob- longo-linearia, 3-4 lin. longa, nitida, 2-nervia. Spice semipedales, laxiflore. Legumen junius viscoso-villosum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 147. M. AcvTISTIPULA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 991. Fruticosa v. arborea, puberula. Aculei sparsi, rari, recti v. incurvi (v. nulli?) Pinne 5-6-juge ; foliola multi- (ultra 30-)juga, oblongo-linearia, ad 3 lin. longa, rigidula, obtusa, basi obliqua, costa subeentrali. Spice dense, 1-13-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, planum, 3-4-pol- licare, 3-4 lin. latum, subglabrum, margine tenui, valvis 6-10-artieulatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia acutistipula, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 107. Hab. Tropical Ameriea: Brazil, prov. Piauhy and Bahia. 148. M. APODOCARPA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, puberula. Aculei sparsi, rari, recurvi. Pinnee 12-15-juge ; foliola multijuga, linearia, 2 lin. longa, nitidula. Spiese sub-2-pollicares. Legumen sessile, planum, pubescens, 2-23-pollicare, 5 lin. latum, valvis pluriarticulatis. a Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 149. M. nostiiis, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Frutieosa, puberula (viscidula ?). Aculei sparsi, recti. Pinne 4-6-jug® ; foliola multijuga, oblonga, obtusissima, 1-13 lin. longa, costa vix conspicua. Spice 1-2-pollicares. Legumen subsessile, planum, viscido- puberulum, pollicare v. longius, 3 lin. latum, valvis 4—6-articulatis. Acacia hostilis, Mart. ! Reise, i. 555. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia. 150. M. OPHTHALMOCENTRA, Mart. ۲ Herb. ; Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, subglabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, nune rari v. subnulli. Pinne 1-3-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, 13-2 lin. longa, nitidula. Spice 1j-pollicares. Legumen subsessile, planum, glabrum, 14-3-pollicare, 23-3 lin. latum, valvis reticulatis 6-12-articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. | 151. M. MALACOCENTRA, Mart.! Herb.; Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, pubescens. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, pauci v. rarius subnulli. Pinnz 5-10-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, ad 2 lin. longa, pallida, glabra v. ciliata. Spice tenues, 2-3-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, planum, glabrescens, 2-2}-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, valvis levibus 6—8-articulatis. vOL. XXX. 31 416 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Mimosa. Acacia malacocentra, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 106. Mimosa leiocarpa, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. 4v. 391, non DC. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Bahia and Ceara. Resembles in many respects the Columbian M. arenosa; but besides the difference in station and the more paniculate inflorescence, there appear to be some differences in the proportions of the parts of the flower. 152. M. CESALPINLEFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 392. Fruticosa, gla- briuscula. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, rari. Pinne 3-juge; foliola 3-juga, late ovata, obtu- sissima, 3-1-pollicaria, glabra v. subtus puberula. Spice laxe, 14-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, planum, glabrum, 23-3-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, valvis 8-12-articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. : Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Piauhy. TT Species Columbiane v. Mexicane, spicis axillaribus v. summis paucis breviter racemosis. 153. M. ADENANTHEROIDES, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 88. Fruticosa, minute puberula. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinne sub-9-jugz ; foliola 8-10-juga, ovato-oblonga, obtusiuseula, 3-5 lin. longa, subtus pallida v. eanescentia. Spice tenues, 1-13-pollicares. Flores puberuli. Legumen ignotum. : Acacia adenahtheroides, Mart. et Gal.! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. pars ii. 310. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, prov. Oaxaca, Galeotti, n. 3208. 154. M. CABRERA, Karst.! Fl. Colomb. ii. 68, t. 139. Fruticosa? tenuiter pubescens, pilis glanduliferis intermixtis. Aculei sparsi, recti. Pinnz 6-9-juge ; foliola 20-40-juga, _ linearia, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa, utrinque pubescentia, concoloria. Spice laxæ, sub- interruptz, 2-3-pollicares. Legumina subsessilia, plana, pubescentia et glandulosa, 1-14- pollicaria, 3-4 lin. lata, valvis 3-6-articulatis. | Acacia tenuiflora, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1088. Mimosa tenuiflora, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 82, non Benth. Hab. Tropieal America: Columbia, Fendler, n. 1870; San Salvador, Wendland. 155. M. ARENOSA, Poir. Dict. Suppl.i. 66. Fruticosa (v. arborescens ?), ramis tenuibus dense pubescentibus. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, copiosi, rari v. nulli. Pinnæ sub-7-juge ; foliola multijuga, oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, utrinque puberula. Spice tenues, lax:e, 13-23-pollicares. Flores subglabri. Legumen stipitatum, planum, glabrum, mucrona- tum, 1-13-pollicare, 22 lin. latum, valvis 7—8-articulatis. Acacia arenosa, Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1060 (err. 1054). Mimosa Xantholasia, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 88. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, Bredemeyer, Funcke, n. 383, Fendler, n. 360; Otto, n. 366, Birschel. Very near M. malacocentra. 156. M. LEIOCARPA, DC. Prod. ii. 429. Fruticosa, glabra. Aculei subrecti, sparsi, rari. Pinne sub-12-juge ; foliola multijuga, parva, linearia. Spice subpaniculate. Legumina plana, glabra, lucidula, marginibus incrassatis. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, Santa Marta, Bertero. | | | ! Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 417 Apparently differing from M. arenosa in the more numerous pinnz and the general absence of hairs ; but I have no means now of comparing it, having only seen it many years since in Herb. DC. and Herb. Balbis. 157. M. WRIGHTII, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. ii. 52. Suffruticosa, cinereo-puberula. Aeulei sparsi, breves, recti. Pinnz 7-10-juge; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, 13-2 lin. longa, subavenia, supra glabrata, subtus sericea. Spice 1-2-pollicares, dense. Flores glabriuseuli. Legumen junius planum, angustum, dense sericeo-villosum, perfectum ignotum. Hab. Subtropical North America: Sonora, Wright, n. 1041. 158. M. PLATYCARPA, Benth.,sp.n. Fruticosa, glabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinne 6-10-jugse ; foliola 15-25-juga, linearia, 1-13 lin. longa. Spice eraciles, pollicares, laxi- flore. Legumen stipitatum, planum, glabrum, in specimine 13 poll. longum, fere à poll. latum, apice basique angustius, marginibus aculeolatis, valvis ut videtur indivisis. Hab. Tropical America: Guatemala, Skinner. Quoad folia aculeos et legumina a M. acantholoba vix distinguenda, sed inflorescentia spicata nec capitata. Ramuli tenues, angulati, uti tota planta glabri v. novelli tenuissime ciliato-puberuli. Aculei parvuli, crebri v. rari, interdum deesse videntur. Stipule parvi, setaceze, rigidulz, interdum fere pungentes. Folio- rum petiolus communis gracilis, subsesquipollicaris, inermis v. pauciaculeatus. Pinnz 6-9 lin. longze. Foliola obtusa, glabra v. ciliolata, costa centrali. Spice geminz, plereque axillares, breviter peduncu- latee. Flores 5-meri, 10-andri. 159. M. pisTACHYA, Cad. Ie. iii. 48, t. 200. Fruticosa, pube minuta pallens v. candi- cans. Aculei infrafoliacei recurvi v. nulli. Pinnse 2-5-juge; foliola 4—1-juga, obovali- oblonga, minute puberula, ad 3 lin. longa. Spice graciles, 1-13-pollicares. Flores sub- sessiles. Legumen ignotum. Acacia? distachya, DC. Prod. ii. 456. Mimosa remota, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. v. 88. M. oligacantha, DC. Prod. ii. 429. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Herb. Pavon, Galeotti, n. 3240; Columbia, Santa Marta, Bertero, Schlim, n. 942. Frutex v. arbor parva, ramulis rigidis flexuosis plus minus pubescentibus. Aculei dum adsunt validi, basi valde dilatati, nunc sub folio ipso solitarii, nune ab eo plus minus remoti, nunc omnino deficientes. Stipule setacew v. subulatz, v. in speciminibus inermibus lineari-subulate. Foliorum petiolus tenuis, -14-3-pollicaris; pinnarum rhachis raro semipollicem excedit, prope basin 2-stipellata. Foliola letevi- rentia, membranacea, tenuissime 3-nervia, utrinque pilis parvis appressis puberula. Spice 2-3nz, infe- riores axillares, summa breviter racemose, floribus presertim inferioribus subdissitis. Calyx membra- naceus, truncatus, 3 lin. longus. Corolla lineam longa, ad medium 5-fida v. rarius 4-fida, membranacea, glabriuscula. Stamina longe exserta. E Although the Mexican specimens are usually unarmed, or nearly so, and the Columbian ones have usually strong prickles, I can discover no other difference ; and almost all the prickle-bearing species of this series show occasionally specimens without any. ۱ 160. M. POLYANTHA, "Benth. ۱ in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 410. Fruticosa, puberula. Aculei infrafoliacei recti v. subrecurvi. Pinnæ 2-, rarius 3-jugæ; foliola 3-6-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa, supra glabra, subtus parce pilosula. Spice floribund:e, 4-2 poll. longs. Flores subsessiles. Legumen ignotum. 418 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [Mimosa. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Herb. Pavon, Acatlan, Andrieux, n. 397, and perhaps also Coulter, n. 401. | | M. distachye valde affinis, differt habitu, foliis per anthesin vix evolutis, spicis ad nodos confertis bre- vibus, aculeis plerisque rectis, foliolis supra glabris. 161. M. LAxIFLORA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v.93. Glabra, pallida. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, rari. Pinne 2-3-juge; foliola 3-6-juga, oblonga, obtusa, ad 3 lin. longa. Spice graciles, vix pollicares, glabree. Flores distincte pedicellati. Legumen ignotum. ۱ Hab. Subtropical North America: Mexico, prov. Sonora Alta, Coulter. It is possible that a more perfect series of specimens may induce the uniting the three preceding species into a single one; but they appear distinct, and the fruits are not known of any of them. Acacia prosopoides, DC. Prod. ii. 460, described from one of Mocino and Sessé’s Mexican drawings, may possibly, from the very short character given, be the same as M. laxiflora, although more probably Piptadenia patens. ` Series 2. Glanduliferæ. Frutices sepius alte scandentes, aculeis sparsis recurvis parvis minimisve armati. Pinne 2- multijuge. Foliola pauci- v. multi-juga. Glandula ad basin petioli communis, et sepe parve ad foliorum paria ultima. Capitula globosa, parva, ad apices ramorum ample paniculata. Legumen planum, margine tenui nerviformi nudum, valvis pluriarticulatis. | 162. M. BAUHINLEFOLIA, Karst.! Fl. Colomb. ii. 65, t. 133. Glabra. Aculei seepe validi. Pinnæ 2-juge; foliola 1-juga, falcato-ovata, obtusa, 3—4-pollicaria ; glandula petiolaris depressa. Legumen glabrum, 3-4 poll. longum, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis multi- articulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia near Villavicencio, Karsten, Triana. 163. M. EXTENSA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 393. Alte scandens, glabra. Aculei minimi. Pinne 2-3-juge; foliola l-juga, faleato-ovata, breviter acuminata, 13-4-pollicaria; glandula petiolaris verruciformis. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 164. M. MICRACANTHA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 131, iv.393. Alte scandens, puberula v. glabra. Aculei minimi. Pinne 2-3-juge ; foliola 2-3-juga, oblique ovata, obtusa, 2-3-pollicaria ; glandula petiolaris parvula, elevata. Legumen glabrum, 2-pol- licare, 9 lin. latum, valvarum articulis ad 8, latioribus quam longis.— F7. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 165. M. RUFESCENS, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, puberula v. — glabra. Aculei minimi, rari. Pinnse 2-6-juge; foliola. 3-7-juga, oblique obovata, obtusa, glabra v. subtus ad axillas venarum pilosula, variant 1-11-pollicaria ; glandula petiolaris verruciformis. Legumen glabrum, 4-pollicare v. longius, 2 poll. latum, val- varum articulis 8 pluribusve. ' Hab. "Tropical America: North Brazil. | 166. M. Spruceana, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, rufo-villosa. Aculei minimi, sparsi, recurvi. Pinnz sub-3-jug& ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblique obovata, majora 13-3-pollicaria, subtus molliter tomentoso-villosa, inferiora minora. L x Hi TER A aa Da A a Due e a t i ا ت‎ AE AN ESE ی‎ Biia ee zs Mimosa. } MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE#. 419 planum, puberulum v. glabratum, 3-4-pollicare, $-1 poll. latum, valvis multiarti- culatis. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, 167. M. ANNULARIS, Spruce, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, rufo- tomentosa. Aculei parvi, sparsi, recurvi. Pinnse sub-3-jugse ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblique rhombea, acutiuscula, l-l-polliearia, subtus sparse pubescentia. Legumen planum, glabrum, 4 lin. latum, valde curvum v. perfecte annulatum, valvis multiarticulatis. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 168. M. PANICULATA, Benth.! im Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 131, iv. 394. Alte scandens, pubescens. Aculei parvi, sparsi, recurvi. Pinne 5-7-jug; foliola 7-11-juga, oblique faleato-rhombea, acutiuscula, 4-5 lin. longa, supra lucida, subtus pubescentia. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil or British Guiana. Series 3. Rubicaules. Frutices alte scandentes v. erecti, rarius arborescentes, aculeis sparsis armati v. rarius inermes. Foliorum petiolus eglandulosus. | Capitula globosa, sepius multiflora, ad apices ramorum racemosa v. paniculata, v. rarius omnia axillaria. Flores 3-meri, 4-meri v. rarius 5-meri. Legumen planum, glabrum v. pubescens, margine aculeatum v. nudum, valvis membranaceis, in articulos plures secedentibus v. rarius (in M. acantholoba) indivisis. : The want of the petiolar gland is the principal difference between this series and the Glandulifere ; but it is also usually distinguished by the habit and foliage, the larger heads with more flowers etc. It passes, however, rather gradually into the Acanthocarpe. The Asperate Schrankioidee come also very near to some of the present section, but appear to me to be more nearly connected with the setose groups. * Gerontogee. t Calyx corolle dimidium subequans. 169. M. EMIRNENSIS, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 396. Fruticosa ? tomentoso- puberula, inermis? Pinnze 6-10-jugs, paribus distantibus; foliola 5-8-juga, oblonga, ad 2 lin. longa, utrinque adpresse puberula. Panieula ampla, polycephala. Legumen sessile, puberulum, inerme, 14-2-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, valvis pluriarticulatis. Hab. Madagascar: Mazou-arivou, prov. Emirna, Bojer. Very near M. latispinosa, but apparently entirely unarmed, the foliage rather different, and the pod sessile and scarcely contracted at the base in all the specimens seen. 170. M. LATISPINOSA, Lam. Dict. i. 22. Fruticosa, subscandens, tomentoso-pubescens. Aculei in ramis rari, in petiolis frequentiores, latissimi, recti v. incurvi. Pinnse 10-25- juga ; foliola 10-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 13-23 lin. longa, obscure 1-3-nervia, utrinque appresse puberula. Panicula ampla, polycephala, Legumen stipitatum, 13-2-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, margine nudo v. parce aculeolato, valvis pluriarticulatis. Acacia latispinosa, Desf.! Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 3. 299. Mimosa mascarensis, Spreng. Syst. ii. 207 ex char. M. phyllocantha, Pers. Syn. ii. 267. Hab. Madagascar, Commerson, Bojer. Cultivated in the Botanie Gardens of Mauritius 420 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Mimosa, and Caleutta as well as in European ones; and specimens having been found in Leich- hardt's Port-Essington collection, it was sent by F. Mueller as the only Australian Mimosa under the name of M. laticuspis. It was, however, probably from. one of the exotic trees and shrubs planted there by the temporary colonists. 171. M. DECURRENS, Bojer! in Herb. DO. Fruticosa, glabra v. vix minute puberula. Aculei in ramis rari, in petiolis frequentiores, latissimi, incurvi. Pinns 10-20-juge; foliola 6-8-juga, oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa, sub-2-nervia, glabra. Capitula ad axillas race- mosa (an etiam ample paniculata ?)., Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical Africa: island of Zanzibar, Bojer. Affinis M. latispinose, imprimis glabritie diversa, pinnis brevibus, foliolis majoribus. "Tota finds oculo nudo glaberrima apparet, sub lente pubes rara tenuissima apparet. Ramuli angulati. Foliorum petiolus communis semipedalis et longior. Aculei ut in M. /atispinosa valde dilatati et incurvi nec ut in M. rubicauli recurvi. Foliola valde obliqua, rigide membranacea v. subcoriacea, nervo majore (seu costa) margini superiori approximato. Racemi in specimine viso simplices, folia zequantes. Capitula et flores M. latispinose sed glabri. tt Calyx minimus, corolla quadruplo brevior. 172. M. NISSOBIENSIS, Benth., sp. n. Fruticosa, scandens, glabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, parvi. Pinnse 4-6-jugz ; foliola 6-12-juga, late oblonga, obtusissima, mem- branacea, 4-6 lin. longa, glabra. Panicula ampla. Legumen ignotum. — Hab. Madagascar : island of Nossi-bé, Boivin. : Habitu M. sepiarie, et pariter siccitate nigrescit, foliolis facile distinguenda. Petiolus communis 3—4-pollicaris, pinnae 13-2-pollicares. Foliola 2-3 lin. lata, basi valde obliqua, costa subcentrali, nervis lateralibus 2-3 tenuibus brevibus. Panicula aphylla, laxe polycephala. Capitula multiflora. Calyx vix + lin. longus. Corolla 1 lin. longa, profunde 4-fida. The Brazilian M. sepiaria has established itself in hedges in Singapore and in South China. 173. M. RUBICAULIS, Lam. Dict. i. 20. Fruticosa, subscandens, puberula. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinn:z 3-10-juge; foliola 6-15-juga, oblonga v. oblongo-linearia, 2-4 lin. longa, subtus v. utrinque appresso-puberula. Pedunculi inferiores axillares, supe- riores racemosi. Legumen stipitatum, rectum v. curvum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, margine nudum v. rarius aculeatum, glabrum, valvis pluriarticulatis.— Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 156. Mimosa octandra, Roxb. ! Pl. Corom. ii. 55, t. 200. M. mutabilis, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 564. M. spinoso-siliqua, Rottl. ex Spreng. Syst. ii. 206. M. Rottleri, Spreng. l. c. . Hab. Tropical Asia: widely spread over East India from Affehanistan and the Penin- sula to Nepaul and Assam, and has also been received from Mauritius, but p there cultivated. 174. M. HAMATA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1033. FHA cano-puberula. Aculei sparsi, validi, recti v. recurvi. Pinns petiolo brevi 3—4-jugse ; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga v. oblongo-linearia, 1-2 lin. longa, utrinque cano-puberula. Pedunculi plerique 'axillares, folio longiores. Legumen stipitatum, pubescens, curvum, ad 6 lin. latum, latere exteriore inter semina sinuatum, margine aculeato, valvis pluriarticulatis. LI à a A Roxas uis ee ze AAA MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 491 M. armata, Rottl.! Spreng. Syst. ii. 206. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian peninsula. ۱ M. rubicauli valde affinis, vix differt nisi pube, foliis pinnisque brevibus, foliolis minoribus, aculeis validioribus, legumine latiore magis armato sepissime minuto. Amongst the Peninsular specimens of M. Aamata are a few from Wight and others approaching nearer to M. rubicaulis, but apparently differing from both in their glabrous leaves and pods, and in the foliage precisely that of the American M. polyancistra, from which, indeed, the specimens show no distinction that I can discover. The specimens, however, from both regions are insufficient to determine whether they are really specifically identical, and, if so, which is their real native country. 175. M. psoRALEA, Benth. Fruticosa? glabra, verruculosa. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinnæ 2-5-juge ; foliola 7-8-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, glabra, vix 2 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares. Legumen ignotum. Acacia? psoralea, DC. Prod. ii. 464. Hab. Madagascar, Commerson. Of this I have only seen a fragment, in Herb. DC., insufficient for a full description. It is evidently nearly allied to M. rubicaulis. 176. M. VIOLACEA, Bolle in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. 8. Diffusa v. subscandens, ramis tenuibus pubescentibus glabrisve. Aculei sparsi, parvi recurvi. Pinne 5-15-juge. Foliola 8-12-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares, tenues, sub- filiformes. Legumen stipitatum 3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, omnino M. rubicaulis.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ï. 336. Hab. Tropical Africa: Mossambique distriet. ** Americane. + Inermes. Foliola obovata v. late oblonga, obtusissima. 177. M. LEUCÆNOIDES, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 89. Fruticosa, minute pube- rula. Pinns 1-juge; foliola 2-4-juga, obovata v. subrhombea, 3-1-pollicaria, coriacea, venosa, nitida; glandula nulla. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Legumen sessile, 2-2-pollicare, curvulum, 2-4 lin. latum, minute puberulum y. glabratum, inerme, valvis pluriarticulatis. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Coulter, Karwinski. 178. M.? PISTACIÆFOLIA, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1028. Glaberrima. Pinne l-jugæ, petiolo 4-$-pollicari supra canaliculato eglanduloso; foliola 3-juga, obovata v. obovato- oblonga, obtusissima, pollicaria, coriacea, nitidula, 4-5-nervia et parce venulosa; glandula scutellata inter foliola paris ultimi. Cetera ignota. Inga pistaciefolia, Spreng. Syst. iii. 131. Hab. Tropical America: Caraccas, Bredemeyer. ` The foliage of the specimen in Herb. Willd. is very nearly that of M. leucenoides, but glabrous, and the gland is quite exceptional. It may therefore very possibly belong to some other genus. 179. M. ECHINOCAULA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa; rami setis - longis rigidis echinati, ceterum glaberrima et inermis. Pinns remote 3-4-juge; foliola 7-10-juga, late oblonga, obtusissima, subsemipollicaria, erassiuscula, glaucescentia, preeter costam. avenia. Capitula longe racemosa. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 2-2}- pollicare, 21 lin. latum, glabrum, inerme, valvis multiarticulatis. : Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Minas Geraes. 422 MR. G. BENTHAM ÓN THE ۰ [ Mimosa. tt Aculeate. Foliola obovata v. late oblonga. 180. M. oBovata, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 394. Fruticosa, alte scandens, | glabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Pinnæ 2-4-juge; foliola 1-juga, rarius 2-juga, obovata, 1-13-pollicaria, pennivenia, sub-2-nervia. Capitula parva, paniculata. Flores seepius .9-meri. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, 6 lin. latum, glabrum, inerme, valvis 5-8-articulatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia? guilandine, DC. ! Prod. ii. 465. Mimosa ceratonioides, Klotzsch ! in Herb. Berol. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Rio Janeiro, Venezuela, and perhaps Guiana. 181. M. cERATONIA, Linn.! Spec. 1508. Repens v. scandens, glaberrima. Aculei sparsi parvi, recurvi, crebri. . Pinne 3-5-juge ; foliola 3-juga, obovata v. orbiculata, obtusissima, semipollicaria v. paullo majora, membranacea, 3-nervia. Capitula laxe racemosa. Legumen sessile, 2-24-pollicare, 9 lin. latum, margine aculeatum, valvis 6-8- articulatis. Acacia ceratonia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1091. Hab. Tropical America: West-Indian Islands, St. Vincent's, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, Dominica, perhaps also on the S. American continent, but the M. obovata often mis- taken for it. M. FAGARACANTHA, Griseb.! Cat. Pl. Cub. 8l. Fruticosa, tortuosa, glabra.‏ .182 سا ‚Aculei infrastipulares petiolaresque gemini recurvi, et nonnunquam sparsi. Pinne‏ 2-3-juge; foliola 2-4-juga, obovata v. ovalia, obtusissima, 2—4 lin. longa, sub-3-nervia.‏ Capitula parvula, racemosa v. inferiora axillaria. Legumen subsessile, 2-pollicare, 3-4‏ lin. latum, inerme v. minute aculeatum, valvis 6-8-artieulatis.‏ Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Wright, n. 23 183. M. POLYANCISTRA, Benth. in Herb. Boiss. Fruticosa, scandens ?, glabra. Aculei sparsi, recurvi, copiosi. Pinne 3-7-jugs; foliola 6-8-juga, oblique obovali-oblonga, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa, sub-2-nervia. Capitula racemosa. Legumen ignotum. Acacia tamarindifolia, Griseb.! Cat. Pl. Cub. 82, excl. auc . Hab. Tropical America: New Spain, Pavon; cultivated in Mr. Chapy's garden at Havannah from the West Indies, Jf* Lane. This approaches in many respects the nearly glabrous variety of M. malacophylla, but is at once distinguished by the very obtuse leaflets without the mucro of that species. It is, however, still nearer the East-Indian M. rubicaulis, and is absolutely undistinguishable, in as far as the specimens show, from the East-Indian Peninsular species or variety mentioned above under M. hamata; insomuch that we might have supposed that the Cuban garden specimens had been raised from East-Indian seeds, had it not been for the typical New-Spain specimens which I described from Pavon’s collection in Boissier's herbarium. ie 184. M. BAHAMENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 408. Fruticosa, ramis petiolis pedunculisque dense rubiginoso-tomentosis. Aculei sparsi recurvi, pauci. Pinnæ 24- jugz ; foliola 3-6-juga, obovali-oblonga, obtusissima, 1-12 lin. longa, uninervia, fusces- centia, glabra v. minute püberula. Capitula racemosa v. infima pauca axillaria. Legu- men ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Bahama Islands, Herb. Hook. In Mimosa.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 423 185. M. MaLACOPHYLLA, A. Gray! Pl. Lindh. ii. 182. Suffruticosa, ramis laxis molliter tomentoso-pubescentibus. Aculei parvi, sparsi, recurvi. Pinne 4-7-juge ; foliola 5-8-juga, obovata v. late oblonga, mucronulata, 3-5 lin. longa, pennivenia, utrin- que molliter pubescentia v. rarius glabrata. Capitula racemosa subpaniculata. Legumen longe stipitatum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, glabrum, nitidum, inerme, valvis reti- eulatis indivisis v. in articulos 6-8 secedentibus. | Hab. Extratropical N. America: Mexican-Texan region, Wright, n. 143, Emory’s ‚Expedition, n. 309, and several others. Var. glabrata, ramis petiolisque tenuiter puberulis, foliolis glabris.— Berlandier, n. 815 and 2235. Jd. 186. M. cosTARICENSIS, Benth. in Herb. (Erst. Fruticosa, scandens ?, molliter ferru- gineo-tomentosa. Aculei sparsi, parvi, recurvi, copiosi. Pinn® 4-8-jug® ; foliola 10-15- juga, late oblonga, mucronulata, 3—4 lin. longa, pennivenia, supra puberula, subtus villosa. Capitula parva, stricte globosa, panieulata. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Aguacate in Costa Rica, (Ersted ; New Spain, Herb. Pavon. E speciminibus frutex apparet scandens, M. caduce subsimilis, sed capitulis stricte globosis nec oblongis et floribus minoribus subglabris statim dignoscitur. Ramuli angulati, uti petioli pube molli densa obtecti, aculeis ad angulos crebris. Stipule subulate, tomentose, 2-4 lin. long. Foliorum petiolus communis 4-5-pollicaris. Pinnsz 14-2-pollicares. Foliola iis M. malacophylle similia sed numerosiora, valde obliqua, costa tamen parum excentrica. Pedunculi secus rhachin racemi ssepius gemini, 9—5 lin. longi. Bractez flore multo breviores. Calyx breviter dentatus, corolla 4-mera (rarius 5-mera ?) triplo brevior. Stamina 8 v. ex Pavon 10. +++ Aculeate. Foliola linearia, multijuga. 187. M. BERLANDIERI, A. Gray in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. 61. Fruticosa, erecta. Rami juniores puberuli, setisque brevioribus parce strigosi. Aculei sparsi, breves, recti. Pinnæ 4-6-juge; foliola 20—40-juga, linearia, acutiuscula, glabella, obsolete 3—4-nervia. Capitula racemoso-panieulata. Legumen breviter stipitatum, oblongo-lineare, nudum, hirtellum, valvis 8-10-articulatis.— Char. er A. Gr. Hab. Extratropical North America: Mexican-Texan region, Berlandier, n. 3146, Schott. 1 have seen no specimen. Tum | 188. M. SEPIARIA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 395. Fruticosa v. arborescens, glabra v. puberula. Aculei sparsi, validi, recti, in ramis floridis rari. Pinn:» 4-8-juge ; foliola multijuga, linearia, nitida, 3—4 Jin. longa, venosa. Capitula ample laxeque pani- ` culata. Legumen stipitatum, ad 2 poll. longum, 3 lin. latum, glabrum, nudum, valvis pluriartieulatis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. ` Acacia bimucronata, DC. Prod. ii. 469. Hab. Tropical America: very common, and frequently planted in hedges throughout South Brazil, and also met with in woods, where it grows into a small handsome tree. Also in hedges in South China, Fortune, n. 17, and in Singapore, Schomburgk, Maingay, who sent it as a new species under the name of M. nigrescens, but must surely have been troduced from South Brazil. M. thyrsoidea, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 219, gathered in Jamaica by Wullschnagel, which I have not seen, must also, from Grisebach's character, 3K VOL. XXX. 424, MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Mimosa. bé the same plant, probably cultivated, as are many of the Surinam plants in Wull- schnagel's collections. No such plant occurs in any of the numerous Jamaican collections we have. | 189. M. INAMENA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fruticosa, erecta, glabra v. patentim pilosula. Aculei sparsi, recti v. subrecurvi. Pinnæ dissite 6-10-juge : foliola 6-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, 3-2 lin. longa. Capitula parva, racemosa, subpaniculata. Legumen ignotum. ; Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 190. M. DIPLACANTHA, Benth., sp. n. Fruticosa, glabra v. minute cano-puberula. Aculei recurvi, in ramis rari, in petiolo sub pinnis gemini. Pinne 2- rarius 3-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 2 lin. longa, crassiuscula, enervia. Capitula ad nodos fascieulata. Legumen stipitatum, sesquipollicare, 23 lin. latum, glabrum, nudum, valvis 6-8-articulatis. Hab. Tropical America : ** Antilles," Herb. Berol., from Herb. Mus. Par. Habitus Acanthocarpearum nonnullarum, affinitas tamen potius M. fagaracanthe v. M. polyancistre. Ramuli et petioli minute cano-puberuli. Folia ceterum uti flores glabri. Pinnz sepissime 2-juge, paribus distantibus, semipollicares v. paullo longiores. Pedunculi 4—-pollicares, cum foliis ad nodos v. in ramulis brevissimis fasciculati. Capitula subglobosa, floribus numerosis sessilibus 4-meris. Calyx turbinatus, j lin. longus. Corolla membranacea, vix linea longior. Stamina 8, corolla duplo longiora. Leguminis articuli paullo longiores quam lati. 191. M. DOMINGENSIS, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 409, quoad syn. DC. Fruticosa, glabriuscula. Aculei recurvi, in ramis rari, in petiolo sub pinnis gemini. Pinnse 3-5- jug: ; foliola 6-8 juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa. Capitula globosa v. ovoidea, ad apices ramorum subpaniculata. Legumen stipitatum, falcatum, glabrum, nudum, valvis pluri- articulatis. ۱ Acacia domingensis, Bert.! in DC. Prod. ii. 464. I have now been unable to compare Bertero's specimens, which I saw some years since, with those I formerly described from the Berlin Herbarium, or with the M. diplacantha, which I have now described ; all are evidently closely allied, but, I believe, belong to two species, one with a terminal the other with an axillary inflorescence, and all allied also to M. polyancistra, but with narrow leaflets and the habit of the Acanthocarpe. St.-Domingo plants, however, are generally as yet but very imperfectly known. Series 4. Acanthocarpe. Frutices ramosissimi v. rarius suffrutices, v. villosi, nec setosi (excepta M. Galeottii), aculeis infrastipularibus v. rarius mermes. Stipule et stipelle parve, pitula globosa v. rarius ovoidea, ad axillas v. nodos pedunculata, breviter racemosa. Flores 4-meri v. sepius 5-meri. Calyx b Legumen planum, sepe faleatum, glabrum v. pubescens, caulium aculeato, valvis nudis v. rarius. setoso-echin tardius in articulos secedentibus. glabri pubescentes sparsisve armati rarius ad apices ramorum reviter dentatus nec ciliatus. margine nudo v. more Rubi- atis, indivisis a margine solvendis v. Inflorescence, habit, and the undivided valves of the Acanthocarpe from the Rubicaules; but none of them usually, but not always articulate; in M. detinens, . pod are the chief characters which separate the ds constant. In M. fragrans the pod-valves are M. borealis, and M. montana, they are frequently so; d p. E. TM E: E E E. 3 "7 E E À D. و‎ = h- 3 = ig 3 EC a à gi E = y 2 i 3 : setacee. Pinne pauci- v. multijuge. | Ca- - Mimosa. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 425 and I have found them occasionally breaking up into artieles in several others ; but in all the species they appear, sometimes at least, if not generally, to fall away without any transverse separation. * Petiolus glandulifer (in ceteris eglandulosus). J . 192. M. vNCINELLA, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 80. Fruticosa, glabra v. cinereo-puberula. Aculei infrastipulares solitarii v. gemini, recurvi. Pinnæ sub-8-jugez, petiolo basi glan- dulifero; foliola sub-12-juga, linearia, obtusa, parva, puberula. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Legumen lineare, falcatum, glabrum, margine exteriore recurvo-aculeato. — Char. ex Poir. Acacia uncinella , Desf. Cat. Herb. Par. ed. 3. 299. Hab. .... Cultivated in the Paris Garden. I have not seen this species, which is as yet doubtful. A specimen in Herb. J. Gay, given to him as from the Paris Garden under the name of M. uncinella, has not the petiolar gland nor some other cha- racters given by Poiret, and is without doubt the M. acanthocarpa, which has long been in European botanic gardens. 193. M. REVOLUTA, Benth. im Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 409. Fruticosa, glabriuscula. . Aculei infrafoliacei v. infrastipulares, solitarii v. gemini, subrecti, Pinne 2-6-jugw; glandula scutellata sub jugo infimo et interdum ad juga 1-2 ultima; foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-linearia, acutiuscula, 1-2 lin. longa, glabra, costa submarginali. Capitula peduneulata, axillaria v. summa racemosa. Legumen sessile, curvum v. eireinatum, 4 lin. latum, margine aculeato, valvis indivisis. ۱ Acacia revoluta, Kunth ! Mim. 84, t. 26. Hab. Tropical America: Caxamarca in Peru, Humboldt and Bonpland; Bolivia, Brydges, D' Orbigny, n. 487. The Bolivian specimens have rather more numerous appear to belong to one species remarkable for the petiolar glands. pinnz than Humboldt and Bonpland’s ; but all ** Aculei infrafoliacei solitarii, recurvi. Legumen sepius margine aculeatum. 194. M. DEPAUPERATA, Benth.! Pl. Hartw. 13, et in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 410. Fruticosa, elabriuscula. Pinns 1-2-juge ; foliola 2-3-juga, ovato-orbiculata, linea bre- viora, cano-puberula. Capitula axillaria, breviter pedunculata. Legumen ignotum. Acacia canescens, Mart. et Gal. ! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. pars ii. 312. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, plains of Actopan, J. G. Graham, Karwinski. 195. M. ZYGOPHYLLA, Benth.! im A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 61. Fruticosa, glabra. Pinnse 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, suborbiculata, glabra, 1-14 lin. longa. Capitula axil- laria, longiuscule pedunculata. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 1-14 poll. longum, 2-23 lin. latum, subfalcatum, glabrum, margine nudum v. parce aculeatum, valvis indivisis. Hab. Subtropical North America: Mexican-Texan region, Gregg, Wislizenus. 196. M. MONANCISTRA, Benth. ! Pl. Hartw. 12 et in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. A10. Fruti- Pinne 24-juge; foliola 5-6-juga, oblonga, obtusa, vix lineam longa, cosa, incana. ۱ E Legumen ignotum ۶ subtus puberula. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Aguas Calientes, Hartweg. 4 An hue pertinent specimina fructifera manca Berlandieri n. 2251 et 3145 ?, foliis subconformibus. 9x2 * 426 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Mimosa. Legumen 1-1}-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, inter semina constrictum, undique cano-pubescens, valvis præ- terea setoso-echinatis, indivisis v. tardius in articulos 4—6 secedentibus, ۰ *** Aculei sparsi, recurvi. Legumen sepius margine aculeatum. 197. M. DETINENs, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 89. Fruticosa, glabra v. canescens. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 4-6-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, fere 2 lin. longa, glaucescentia. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Legumen stipitatum, glabrum, glaucum, 13-2-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, margine aculeatum v. nudum valvis tardius in articulos 4-6 secedentibus, Hab. Extratropical South America: Cordova and St. lago, Tweedie. 198. M. BOREALIS, A. Gray! Pl. Fendl. 39. Fruticosa, glaberrima. Pinne 1-2-juge; foliola 3-5-juga, conferta, oblonga, ad lineam longa. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Legumen 1-2-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, glabrum, glaucum, margine aculeatum, valvis indivisis v. tardius in articulos 4-6 secedentibus. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas, Fendler, Wright, n. 1038, Emory’s Ex- pedition, n. 307, and others. The Texan variety, Wright, n. 159, mentioned by A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 61, may possibly prove a distinct species. The M. borealis is altogether nearly allied to the southern M. detinens. 199. M. Emorvana, Benth., sp.n. Fruticosa? Pinnæ 1-2-juge. Foliola 3-5-juga, conferta, oblonga, 1-2 lin. longa, utrinque molliter subappresse villosa. Capitula axil- laria, pedunculata. Legumen 1-1}-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, echinatum. Hab. Mexican-Texan region, Emory’s Expedition, n. 309. In habit, and size, and number of leaflets this is near to M. boreal i$ ; but the leaves are densely villous, and the pods are only like those of Berlandiers specimens referred doubtfully to M. monancistra. They are not, however, quite ripe in the single specim en seen. The peduncles, about 1 in. long, have one or two small prickles. 200. M. ACANTHOLOBA, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 83. Fruticosa, puberula. Pinne 4-10- Juge ; foliola 15-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, subtus pubescentia, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula peduneulata, inferiora axillaria, superiora racemosa, Legumen stipitatum, membrana- ceum, 13-2-pollicare, ad ¿ poll. latum, puberulum y. glabratum, apice basique acute angustatum, margine leviter aculeato, valvis indivisis.— Benth. 1. Bot. Sulph. 90. Acacia acantholoba, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1089. ۱ Acacia Courrantiana, DC. ! Prod. ii. 465. | Hab. Tropical America : Guayaquil, Humboldt and Bonpland, and several others. The pod, exceptional in the series for its breadth and shape, is almost exactly the same as in M. platy- carpa, placed above among the Leptostachye on account of its spicate inflorescence : molliter pubescens et setoso- kkk )Q > a, : > ۰ - ^ - 32. A. TETRAGONOPHYLLA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 121. Glabra. Stipule minime. Phyllodia ad nodos fasciculata, lineari-subulata, 4-1-pollicaria, rigida, utrinque l-2-nervia. Pedunculi phyllodiis subzequilongi. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen valde eurvum v. tortum, fere 3 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 330. ۱ Hab. South-east Australia, desert interior. 33. A. GENISTOIDES, A. Cunn.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 330. Glabra, subspinescens. Stipule parvz, caducze. Phyllodia sparsa, lineari-subulata, pollicaria v. longiora, costa utrinque prominente. Pedunculi subsemipollicares. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen curvulum, 1-3-pollicare, 21-3 lin. latum, valvis Hab. South-west Australia. * 34. A, sPHACELATA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. i. Stipule minute. Phyllodia lineari-subulata Peduneuli brevissimi. Sepala distincta, ignotum.— Fl. Austral, ii. 331. A. sessilis, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 336. A. retrorsa, Meissn.! in Bot. Zeit. 1855. 10. Hab. South-west Australia. convexis. 338. Glabra v. pubescens. ata, 34-pollicaria, utrinque 1-, rarius 2-nervia. lineari-spathulata, apice sphacelata. Legumen Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 453 35. A. INGRATA, Benth.!. Fl. Austral. ii. 321. Glabra v. minute pubescens. Phyl- lodia divaricata v. reflexa, lineari-subulata, basi subdilatata, semipollice breviora, costa utrinque prominente. Pedunculi breves. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. South-west Australia. 36. A. JUNIPERINA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1049. Glabra v. pubescens. Phyllodia divari- cata, lineari-subulata, semipollicem rarius excedentia, basi subdilatata, costa utrinque prominente. Pedunculi phyllodiis sublongiores. Sepala spathulata, connata v. facile solvenda. Petala costata. Legumen falcatum, planum, 1-2-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum. —Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 398; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii, 331. Mimosa juniperina, Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 64. Mimosa ulicina, Wendl. Collect. 1. 25, t. 6. Mimosa ulicifolia, Salisb. ? Prod. 324. Acacia verticillata, Sieb. ! Pl. Exs., non Willd. A. echinula, DC. Prod. ii. 449. A. pungens, Spreng. Syst. iii. 134. A, acicularis, R. Br. ۱ in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 460, non Willd. A. pugioniformis, Wendl. in Flora, 1819, 139, non ejusd. Collect. A. Brownei, Steud. ; DC. Prod. ii. 449; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1533. A. Arceuthos, Spreng. Syst. iii. 134. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 37. A. ASPARAGOIDES, A. Cunn.! in Field, New S. Wales, 343. Glabra. Stipule minute. Phyllodia patentia, lineari-subulata, 1-3 poll. longa, costa utrinque prominente, margine superiore basi angulato-glandulosa. Capitula subsessilia. Sepala spathulata, facile sol- venda. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 332. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: Blue Mountains. *** Petala levia. Flores sepius 4-meri v. 3-meri. 38. A. TENUIFOLIA, F. Muell.! in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 37. Glabra v. pubescens. Stipule minute. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, tenuia, semipollicem rarius excedentia, costa utrinque prominente. Pedunculi tenues, phyllodio breviores. Sepala angusta, distincta v. basi subeonnata. Legumen rectum v. curvum, 1-2-pollicare, fere 2 lin. latum, valvis convexis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 332. Hab. South-east Australia: Victoria. 39. A. DIFFUSA, Lindl. ! Bot. Reg.t. 634. Glabra. Stipule minute. Phyllodia linearia, 3-1-pollicaria, 1-13 lin. lata, costa utrinque prominente. Peduneuli semipollice bre- viores. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen stipitatum, sepe 3-4-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum, planum v. valvis demum. convexis.— Bof. Mag. t. 2417; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 332. A. prostrata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 631. A. cuspidata, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 337. A. genistifolia, Link! Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 442. Hab. South-eastern Australia and Tasmania. 40. A. RUPICOLA, F. Muell.! Benth. in Linnea, xxvi. 610. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia 454. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE 1/۰ [ Acacia. v. sublanceolata, semipollicem rarius excedentia, basi latiora quam in A. diffusa. Pedun- culi semipollicares. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen 1-2-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum.— Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 8; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 333. Hab. South Australia. | Very closely allied to A. diffusa. The funicle of the seed is more dilated into a broad aril; but this character may not be constant. (See also the short-spiked specimens of 41. A. rhigiophylla, and 45. A. axillaris.) D. Spicate. Phyllodia 1-3-nervia. Spice cylindracee oblonge v. rarius ovoidee. 41. A. RHIGIOPHYLLA, F, Muell.! Benth. in Linnea, xxvi. 611. Glabra v. vix viscido-puberula. Phyllodia linearia v. lineari-lanceolata, crassa, $-1-pollicaria, utrinque 2-3-nervia. Capitula subsessilia, oblonga v. subglobosa, pauciflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 333. Hab. South Australia. 42. A. OXYCEDRUS, Sieb.! in DC. Prod. ii. 453. Ramuli pubescentes. Phyllodia sparsa v. subverticillata, lineari-lanceolata, 4-1-pollicaria, utrinque 3-4-nervia. Spice dense, subpollicares, pedunculatee. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Legumen incurvum, ad 3-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, valvis convexis striatis.—Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 6; Bot. Mag. t. 2928; Reichb. Icon. Exot. t. 120; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 334. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 43. A. VERTICILLATA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1049. Ramuli szepius pubescentes. Phyllodia verticillata v. rarius sparsa, in forma typica lineari-subulata, subsemipollicaria v. breviora, rarius longiora, costa utrinque prominula additis rarius nervis 1-2 lateralibus. Spice dense, cylindrace:e, 3-1-pollicares, rarius breviter ovoidez, peduneulatze. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen rectum v. curvum, 3-2-pollieare, 2 lin. latum.— Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 585; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 334. Mimosa verticillata, Lher. Sert. Angl. 30; Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 63 ; Bot. Mag. t. 110. Acacia semiverticillata, Knowl. et Westc. FL Cab. n. 27. - Var. LATIFOLIA. Phyllodia lanceolata v. oblonga. A. ruscifolia, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 407 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3195. A. mesta, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 67. Var. OVOIDEA. Phyllodia form:e typice. Spice abbreviatze seepius ovoideze, pauciflorze. A. ovoidea, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 339 ; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. t: 20 ; Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 8. 44. A. RICEANA, Hensl. ! in Maund, Botanist, t. 135. Glabra. Phyllodia sparsa Y. subverticillata, linearia v. subulata, 1-13-pollicaria, utrinque 1-nervia. Spice laxz, tenues, szepe pollicem excedentes. Flores seepius 3-meri. Calyx breviter et obtuse lobatus. Legumen seepius curvum, 2-3-pollicare, 13 lin. latum, inter semina contractum, valvis convexis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 335. E A, setigera, Hook.! Ic. Pl. t. 316. 4. erythropus, Ten. Cat. Ort. Nap. 77, ex char. A. taxifolia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1995. Hab. Tasmania. 45. A. AXILLARIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1.341. Glabra. Phyllodia 4. Riceane Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. , 455 v. longiora, preter costam nervis lateralibus tenuibus seepe percursa. Spice breves, pauciflores, subsessiles. Czetera A. Riceane.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 335. Hab. Tasmania. Subseries 4. Calamiformes. Phyllodia rarius subnulla, sepius anguste linearia v. subulata, teretia tetragona v. leviter compressa, in caule articulata, obtusa v. mucrone re- curvo innocuo terminata, 1- v. plurinervia. qoc globosa, ad axillas solitaria v. breviter racemosa. A. Subaphylle. Phyllodia nulla v. perpauca sub inflorescentia tenuia ramulisque similia. 46. A. TETRAGONOCARPA, Jfeissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 4. Glabra. Rami tenues, juncei. Capitula ad nodos breviter pedunculata, 3—4-flora. Petala striata. Legumen subpol- licare, acutum, 2-3 lin. latum, marginibus utrinque angulo valde prominulo percursis, acute tetragonum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 336. Tetracheilos Meissneri, Lehm. ! Pl. Preiss. ii. 368. Hab. South-west Australia. 47. A. RESTIACEA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 323. Glabra. Rami tenues, juncei. Capitula breviter racemosa, novella bracteis squamiformibus imbricatis caducissimis obtecta. Petala levia. Legumen (ex Lehm.) lineare, moniliforme, valvis reticulatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 336. A. squamata, Morren in Ann. Soc. Hort. Gand, iii. 209, t. 134, ex char. in Walp. Ann. i. 264, non Lindl. Chithonanthus restiaceus, Lehm. ! Pl. Pu. ii. 368. Hab. South-west Australia. B. Plurinerves. Phyllodia munc striato-2- v. plurinervia, nunc nervis numerosis tenuis simis vix oculo nudo conspicuis. 48. A. SQUAMATA, Lindl., Sw. Riv. App.15. Glabra. Ramijuncei. Phyllodia pauca, tenuiter striata, ramulis similia, sub-2-pollicaria. Capitula ad axillas breviter racemosa, novella squamis imbricatis obtecta, singula 6-10-flora. Calyx et corolla ad annulum minimum reducta v. 0. Stamina numerosa. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 336; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 367. Hab. South-west Australia. 49. A. BRACHYPHYLLA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 615. Rami lanato-pubescentes v. demum glabrati. Phyllodia lineari-teretia, semipollice breviora, striato-plurinervia. Pe- duneuli breves. Legumen flexuosum, 1-2-pollicare, planum, vix 13 lin. latum, marginibus tenuiter nerviformibus.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 337. Hab. South-west Australia. 50. A. BYNOEANA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 014. Laxe puberula. Phyllodia lineari- teretia, striato-plurinervia, apice recurva, rarius pollicem excedentia. Pedunculi 3-4 lin. longi. Calycis lobi angusti. Petala angusta. Legumen curvatum, planum, vix linea latius, marginibus incrassatis.— FI. Austral. ii. 337. VOL. XXX. 30 456 . MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. | Acacia, A. leptophylla, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iv. 9. Hab. Tropical Australia: north-west coast. 51. A. TRIPTYCHA, F. Muell. ! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 337. Subglabra. Phyllodia lineari. subulata, 14-3-pollicaria, utrinque prominule 2-3-nervia. Pedunculi breves. Sepala distineta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen ignotum. Hab. South-west Australia. 52. A. LEPTONEURA, Aenth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 341. Glabra v. rami canes- centes. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, subteretia, sub-2-polliearia, tenuissime multinervia. Peduneuli breves. Sepala subdistineta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen ignotum.— Bof. Mag. t. 4350; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 337. Hab. South-west Australia. 53. A. RIGENS, 4. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 403. Glabra v. minute cano-pu- bescens. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, subteretia, 2-3-pollicaria, utrinque tenuiter 3-5- nervia. Pedunculi brevissimi. Sepala spathulata, ad medium connata. Legumen lineare, 14 lin. latum, inter semina valde contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 337. A. chordophylla, F. Muell. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 612. Hab. Extratropical East Australia, desert interior of the eastern colonies. 54. A. PAPYROCARPA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 338. Glabra v. minute cano-pubescens, Phyllodia lineari-subulata, leviter compressa, 2-3-pollicaria, recurvo-acuminata, oculo armato tenuissime multinervia. Legumen planum, flexuosum; 3-4-pollicare, 4-5 lin- latum, valvis tenuibus. Hab. South Australia, only seen in Herb. R. Brown. C. Uninerves. Phyllodia utrinque 1-nervia v. enervia. . * Phyllodia 13-pollicaria et longiora. 55. A. PUGIONIFORMIS, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 38, t. 9. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari- subulata, 13-2-, rarius 3-pollicaria, acumine brevi recto, costa utrinque prominula sub- tetragona. Pedunculi 2-3 rarius 5-6 lin. longi, l-cephali. Sepala lineari-spathulata, demum libera. Petala costata. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 338.. A. quadrilateralis, DC.! Prod. ii. 451. : Hab. Extratropical East Australia. Said also to be found in Timor, but most likely mistaken for the following species. 56. A. JUNCIFOLIA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 341. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari- subulata, subcompressa, 3-6-pollicaria, costa utrinque vix prominula. Pedunculi vix semipollicares, l-cephali. Sepala lineari-spathulata, demum libera. Petala levia. Le- gumen rectum, sepe 3-4 poll. longum, 13-2 lin. latum.— FI. Austral. ii. 339. A. pinifolia, Benth.! in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 342. Timor ? 57. A. CALAMIFOLIA, Sweet in Lindl.! Bot. Reg. t. 839. Glabra s Phyllodia lineari-subulata, 2-4-pollicaria, teretia v. subcompressa, enervia v. utrinque tenuiter l-nervia. Pedunculi sepius breviter 3-4-cephali. Calyx breviter lobatus. — ON Hab. Tropical Australia, north coast, and Eastern subtropieal Australia. Also iny æpeque glauca. Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 457 Petala levia. Legumen sepius curvum, 5-6-pollicare, 2-21 lin. latum, inter semina distantia valde contractum.— Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 909; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 339. : A. pulverulenta, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 342. A. Wilhelmiana. F. Muell.! in Trans. Phil. Inst. Vict. i. 37, phyllodiis brevioribus. A. nematophylla, F. Muell.! Benth. in Linnea, xxvi. 612, ex parte. Hab. Extratropical Australia, desert interior of the eastern colonies. _ A. canaliculata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. 164, name only, is probably either this species or the A. extensa. 58. A. SCIRPIFOLIA, Meissn.! in Bot. Zeit. 1855, 10. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-subu- lata, teretia v. leviter eompressa, 3—5-polliearia, utrinque obseure 1-nervia. Pedunculi breves, l-cephali. Calyx truncatus. Legumen elongatum, ad 2 lin. latum, inter semina contractum, valvis duris convexis.— 77. Austral. ii. 339. Hab. South-west Australia. 59. A. EXTENSA, Lindl.! Sw. Riv. App. 15. Glabra. Rami elongati, acutissime angulati. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, brevia v. pluripolliearia, utrinque prominule costata. Pedunculi- 1-cephali v. breviter pleiocephali. Calyx truncatus. Legumen elongatum, 1} lin. latum, inter semina contractum, valvis tenuiter coriaceis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ü. 340. | A. graminea, Lehm. ! Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1842. A. pentaedra, Regel, Gartenfl, 1. 228, t. 24. Hab. South-west Australia. ** Phyllodia brevia rarius pollicem excedentia. 60. A. coNoPHYLLA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 613. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia, curva, 1-13-pollicaria, costa utrinque acute prominente tetragona. Pedunculi 2-4-lineares. Calyx tenuis, sepalis demum solvendis. Legumen lineare, 2 lin. latum, inter semina sub- contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 340. , Hab. South-west Australia. | 61. A. ERICIFOLIA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 345. Glabra v. laxe hirtella. Phyllodia conferta, lineari-teretia y. subcompressa, }—}- v. rarius 1-pollicaria, enervia v. obscure l-nervia. Pedunculi breves. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen junius durum, subteres, maturum ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 340. A. Hookeri, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 12. He Hab. South-west Australia. | ‘62. A. UNCINELLA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 613. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, subteretia, basi attenuata quasi petiolata, vix pollicaria, uno latere obscure 1-3-nervia. Pedunéuli 2-4 lin. longi. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. ontraetum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 341. Glabra v. junior minute puberula. Legumen lineare, ad 13 lin. latum, inter semina c Hab. South-west Australia. ۱ 63. A. OXYCLADA, F. Muell. ! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 341. Glabra, ramis ssepe spines- centibus. Phyllodia lineari-teretia v. subeompressa, 3-4 lin. longa, uno latere obscure 1-3-nervia, basi attenuata quasi petiolata. Flores ignoti. Legumen flexuosum, pol- lieare, 13 lin. latum. Hab. South-west Australia. 302 458 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia. The habit is that of the Uninerves Spinescentes ; but the phyllodia are almost terete. (See also 147. A. subulata, which has almost the phyllodia of the Calamiformes.) Subseries 5. Brunioidez. Phyllodia parva, lineari-subulata (excepta A. conferta), ver- ticillata v. conferta, obtusa v. innocue mucronata. | Capitula globosa, ad axillas pedun- eulata. 64. A. CEDROIDES, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 615. Rami villosuli. Phyllodia in ver- ticillo plurima, lineari-subulata, tetragona, 3—1-pollicaria, rigidula, subpungentia. Pedun- culi 2-4 lin. longi. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Petala levia. Legumen curvum, 11-2. pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum, valvis duris striatis, marginibus latis levibus.— 77. Austral. ii. 341. Hab. South-west Australia. 65. A. LYCOPODIFOLIA, A. Cunn.! in Hook. Ic. Pl.t. 172. Rami villosuli. Phyllodia in verticillo plurima, subulata, 1-2 rarius 3 lin. longa, apice recurva, viscido-mucronata. Pedunculi phyllodiolongiores. Calyx acute dentatus. Petala striata. Legumen sessile, planum, rectum v. curvum, 1-13-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 342. A. asperulacea, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 123. | Hab. Tropical Australia, north-west coast. 66. A. HIPPUROIDES, Heward ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 344. Pubescens. Phyllodia in verticillo plurima, tenuiter subulata, 5-6 lin. longa, recta. Pedunculi phyllodio longiores. Calyx dentatus. Petala striata. Legumen sessile 4. lycopodifolie. — Fl. Austral. ii. 342. Hab. Tropical Australia, north-west coast. 67. A. GALIOIDES, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 344. Pubescens v. tomentosa. Phyllodia in verticillo plurima, tenuiter subulaia, 2-5 lin. longa, vix striata, apice recurva, non viscida. Pedunculi phyllodio longiores. Calyx dentatus. Petala striata. Legumen stipite 2-3-lineari fultum.— F7. Austral. ii. 342. Hab. Tropical Australia, north coast. 68. A. Bavert, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 344. Ramulis puberulis, ceterum glabra. Phyllodia in verticillo 5-7, lineari-subulata, 4-6 lin. longa, enervia, apice recurva. Peduneuli phyllodio sublongiores. Calyx acute dentatus. Petala Beer nec striata. Legumen falcatum, utrinque angustatum, 14-2 lin. latum, valvis duris striatis. — Fl. Austral. ii. 342. Hab. Tropical Australia, north coast. 69. A. SUBTERNATA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 124. Glabra. Phyllodia 2-3-4natim fasciculata, lineari-teretia v. subeompressa, 3-6 lin. longa, apice recurva. Peduneuli vix phyllodiis longiores. Sepala lineari-spathulata, basi connata. Petala tenuiter striata. Legumen longe stipitatum, planum, crassum, durum, marginibus crassis, Hab. Tropical Australia, north-west coast. 70. A. BRUNIOIDES, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii x 3 AQ i 2 bescens. Phyllodia conferta v. irregulariter verticillata 4. Glabra v. minute pu lineari-teretia, 2—4 lin. longa, Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. 459 recte mucronata. Pedunculi phyllodio longiores. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Petala levia, costata. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 343. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. 71. A. CONFERTA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 345. Rami leviter pube- ruli. Phyllodia conferta v. irregulariter verticillata, linearia, compressa, 3-5 lin. longa, 3-1 lin. lata, enervia v. marginibus subnerviformibus. Pedunculi phyllodiis longiores. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen stipitatum, planum, glaucum, 1-14-polli- care, ad 5 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 343. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. Subseries 6. Uninerves. Phyllodia verticaliter compressa, nunc angusta obtusa v, breviter et oblique acuminata, nunc lata obtusa acula v. rarius pungentia, costa centrali v. submarginali percursa, rarius 2-nervia. Capitula globosa, ad awillas pedunculata v. in racemos breves axillares disposita. A. Spinescentes. Frutices rigidi, ramis apice spinescentibus. Phyllodia parva, sepius angusta, nec pungentia nec margine glandulifera. Stipule sepius minute v. 0. Pedun- culi 1-cephali. 19. A. SCABRA, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 605. Scabro-pubescens. Phyllodia lineari- oblonga, obliqua, obtusa v. apice recurva, semipollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata. Pedunculi phyl- lodio zquilongi. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Legumen immaturum planum, lineare, mar- ginibus nerviformibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 344. | Hab. South-west Australia. 13. A. NODIFLORA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 621. Subglabra. Phyllodia ad nodos fasciculata, linearia, obliqua, obtusa, rarius semipollicem excedentia, ad 1 lin. lata. Pedunculi phyllodio «equilongi. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen ignotum. — Fl. Austral. ii. 344. Hab. South-west Australia. 74. A. SPINOSISSIMA, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 621. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-falcata, obtusa v. mucronulata, 2-3 lin. longa, infra lineam lata, obscure l-nervia. Pedunculi phyllodio subzquilongi. Calyx truncatus. Legumen stipitatum, lineare, planum, 13-2 lin. latum, marginibus nerviformibus.—Fl. Austral. ii. 344. Hab. South-west Australia. 75. A. ULICINA, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 202. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa v. mucronulata, subpollicaria v. ramealia multo minora. Pedunculi breves. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Legumen lineare, flexuosum, 1-13 lin. latum, inter semina contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 845. Hab. South-west Australia. 76. A. ERINACEA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i 360. Glabra. Phyllodia oblique obovato-oblonga v. lanceolata, obtusa v. mucronulata, 3-5 lin. longa, 1-2 lin. lata, cras- siuscula, obscure 1-nervia. Pedunculi 2-4 lin. longi. Calyx truncatus. Legumen ig- notum.—-Fl. Austral. ii. 346. i 460 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. [ Acacia, B. Armate. Frutices suffruticesve ramis non spinescentibus v. rarius hine inde indurato- subspinescentibus. Phyllodia ex obovato lanceolata, brevia v. rarius Sagquipolicaria, undu- lata, costa subcentrali, glandula marginali minuta v.0.. Stipule sepius setaceo-subulate v. aciculares, persistentes, rarius phyllodinee. | Pedunculi 1-cephali. | * Calyx minimus v. ۰ | 77. A. HUEGELIT, Benth. ! in Hueg. Enum. 42. Hirsuta. Phyllodia falcato-semiovata, $-i-pollicaria, 2-5 lin. lata, pungenti-mueronata. Stipule setaceo-spinescentes. Petala hirsuta. Legumen lineare, faleatum, pollicare, 2 lin. latum, marginibus nerviformibus.— , Hueg. Bot. Archiv, t. 10; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 345. Hab. South-west Australia. 78. A. NERVOSA, DC. Mém. Leg. 444. Glabra. Rami acutanguli. Phyllodia late lan- ceolata, falcata, mucronato-acuta, l-li-polliearia. Capitula pauciflora. Petala 4, glabra. Legumen ignotum.— Field et Gardn. Sert. Pl. t. 4; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 346. Hab. South-west Australia. 79. A. oBovaTA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 329. Scabro-pubescens. Rami angulato-striati. Phyllodia inferiora obovata, obtusa, 1-13-pollicaria, superiora late falcata, acuta v. pungentia, omnia costa marginibusque nerviformibus prominentibus pennivenia. Capitula pauciflora. Petala 4, glabra. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 346. | Hab. South-west Australia. ** Calyx dimidium corolle equans v. superans.: Petala 5, glabra. 80. A. coNGESTA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 327. Glabra. Rami spinescentes. Phyllodia oblique ovali-oblonga v. faleato-lanceolata, obtusa v. acuta, 1—3-pollicaria. ‚Stipulse breves, subspinescentes. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen lineare, curvum, crassiusculum, inter semina contractum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 346. A. Baxteri, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 7, non Benth. Hab. South-west Australia. 81. A. DER3 HYLLA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 346. Glabra. Phyllodia oblongo- cuneata, subfalcata, 3-13-pollicaria, rigida, crassa. Stipule subulatee, spinescentes. Sepala subdistincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen ignotum. Hab. South-west Australia. i 82. A. ASPERA, Lindl. ! in-Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 139. Scabro-pubescens et viscida. Phyllodia oblique oblongo-linearia v. anguste falcata, 1—1-pollicaria, v. rarius longiora. Stipulee parve, setacew. ^ Sepala spathulata, plus minus connata. Legumen lineare, curvum, glanduloso-hispidum, 1-2-pollicare, ad 2 lin. longum, inter semina contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 347. A. Ausfeldi, Regel, Gartenfl. xvi. 225, t. 550, ex ic. et descr. A. erythrocephala, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. A. strigosa, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 185, non Link (phyllodiis latioribus). A. densifolia, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 360 Hab. Extratropical Australia: barren interior of the eastern colonies. Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 461 83. A. ARMATA, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 463. Pubescenti-hirta v. gla- brata. Phyllodia oblique oblonga v. faleato-lanceolata, ssepius obtusa, $-1-pollicaria, valde undulata. Stipule subulate, spinescentes. Calyx obtuse lobatus: Legumen rectum v. curvum, 13-2-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, continuum, molliter villosum hispidum v. rarius glabratum. Bonpl. Jard. Malm. t. 55; Bot. Mag. t. 1653; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 49; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 347. A. furcifera, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 267. Hab. Extratropical Australia: interior of the eastern colonies extending westward to Murchison River, but wanting probably in the extreme south-west, the real station of Baxter's specimen marked King George's Sound being very doubtful. The following forms, with longer and narrower phyllodia, are mostly, and perhaps all, of garden origin, brids between 4. armata and other cultivated species. A. paradoxa, DC. Cat. Hort, Monsp. 74 ; Prod. ii. 449. A. undulata, Willd. Enum. ort. Berol. Suppl. 68; Wendl. Comm. Acac. t. 3; Bot. Reg. t. 843; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 753; Reichb^Te. et Descr. Pl. t. 89. A. ornithophora, Sweet, Fl. Austral, t. 24 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1469, A. hybrida, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1342. A. micracantha, Dietr. in Allgem. Gart. Zeit. i. 83. A. tristis, Grah.! in Bot. Mag. t. 3420. ۱ 84. A. IDIOMORPHA, A. Cunn.! Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1.329. ۲ villosa. Rami sspe spinescentes. Phyllodia late et oblique ovata, mucronato-pungentia, semi- pollicaria. Stipulee spinescentes, recurve. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 348. Hab. South-west Australia: Dirk Hartog's Island. *** Calyx dimidium corolle equans v. superans. Petala 5, hirsuta. 85. A. SHUTTLEWORTHII, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. i. 7. Hirsuta. Phyllodia oblique lateque ovata v. orbiculata, crassa, basi obtusa, 1-1-polliearia. Stipule minimee, interdum spinescentes. Pedunculi brevissimi. Calyx lobatus. Legumen crasso-coriaceum, scabro- pubescens, orbiculare v. oblongum, ad 3 lin. latum, 1-2-spermum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 348. E Hab. South-west Australia. 86. A. GREGORII, F. Muell. ! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iii. 47. Molliter pubescens. Phyllodia obovata v. oblonga, basi contracta, 1 3.pollicaria. Stipule parvee, e lata basi acuminate, persistentes, Calyx lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ti. 348. ` Hab. Tropical Australia: north-west coast. 87. A. PILOSA, Benth! in Linnea, xxvi. 607. Hirsuta. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. late oblonga, ¡basi contracta, j—1-pollicaria. . Stipule setacez, subspinescentes. Calyx lobatus. Legumen junius oblongum, hispidum, planum, oligospermum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 948. Hab. South-west Australia. 88. A. crıspura, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 606. Hirsuta. Phyllodia faleato-oblonga, obtusa, semipolliearia, 1-13 lin. lata, basi contracta, erassiuscula. Stipulwe setacew v. spinescentes. Calyx lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 349. Hab. South-west Australia. 462 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia. 89. A. CRASSISTIPULA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 326. Hirsuta. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia, falcata, apice incurva v. uncinata, }—}-pollicaria. Stipule phyllodiis conformes nisi minores. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Austral. ii. 349. Hab. South-west Australia. This species is remarkable for its stipules. In other respects the last four species are very closely allied ` to each other. ; C. Triangulares. Frutices rigidi interdum spinescentes. 0 parva, rigida, costa sepius margini inferiori approximata, margine superiore rotundato v. angulato ad angulum sepissime glandulifero. Stipule variant spinescentes subulate v. minute. Pedunculi 1-cephali. * Phyllodia pungenti-acuminata, margine superiore infra medium angulato.. 90. A. HASTULATA, Sm. ! in Rees Cycl. xxxix. Suppl. Rami pubescentes v. glabrati. Phyllodia hastato-lanceolata, 2-3 lin. longa, costa subcentrali. Stipule setaceze. Flores in capitulo 3-5 (ssepius 4), 4-meri, glabri. Legumen lineare, subteres, striatum, 1—2-pol- licare, vix linea latius, glabrum v. pilosulum.— Bot. Mag. t. 3341; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 349. Hab. South-west Australia. 91. A. HORRIDULA, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. i. 9. Pubescens. Phyllodia oblique ovato-lanceolata v. lanceolata, 3-4 lin. longa, costa subcentrali. Stipulee setacez. Flores in capitulo 3-5 (seepius 4), 4-meri, dense villosi. Legumen junius pubescens.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 350. Hab. South-west Australia. , 92. A. DIVERGENS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 331. Glabra v. pubescens. Phyl- lodia triangularia v. 2-loba, 2-4 lin. longa, costa margini inferiori approximata. Flores in capitulo 8-12, 4-meri, glabri. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 850. Hab. South-west Australia. 93. A. VOMERIFORMIS, A. Cunn.! Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 332. Glabra v. pubescens. Phyllodia oblique lanceolata v. late triangularia v. 2-loba, 2-4 lin. longa, costa margini inferiori contigua. Flores in capitulo numerosi, sepius 5-meri, glabri. Legumen lineare, planum, glabrum, ad 2 lin. latum, inter semina contractum.— Dietr. Fl. Univers. t.82; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 350. do A. Gunnii, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 332 ; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. t. 18. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and. Tasmania. ** Phyllodia truncato-triangularia v. trapezoidea, costa sæpius excentrica in mucronem parvum producta, margine superiore supra medium angulato sepiusque glandulifero. 94. A. BIFLORA, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 463. Phyllodia triangularia, 3-4, rarius 6 lin. ۱ Flores in capitulo 2, rarius 3-4, 4-meri, Legumen subsemipollicare, 14-2 lin. latum, Fy y RE Jar ns Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 463 utrinque angustatum, marginibus incrassato-nerviformibus.— Wendl. Comm. Acac. t. 2; Reichb. Ie. et Descr. Pl. t. 12; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 351. A. triangularis, Benth.! in Hueg. Enum. 42. Hab. South-west Australia. 95. A. DECIPIENS, R. Br. ! in Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 3, v. 463. Glabra v. parce hirsuta. Phyllodia triangularia v. subtrapezoidea, 4-8 lin. longa et apice vix longitudine angus- tiora, costa margini inferiori approximata. Flores in capitulo 6-10, 4-meri. Legumen incurvum, crassum, durum, 1-2-pollicare, 1-11 lin. latum, acuminatum, basi contractum. Bot. Mag. t. 1745, 3244; Beichb. Ic. et Descr. Pl.t. 12, 88; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 351. Mimosa decipiens, Kón. in Sims Ann. Bot. i. 366, t. 8. Acacia dolabriformis, Colla! Hort. Ripul. 1. A. incrasssata, Hook. ! Ic. Pl. t. 370, A. biflora, Paxt. Mag. ix. 221, cum ic. non Br. -Hab. South-west Australia. 96. A. cuNEATA, Benth.! in Hueg. Enum. 42. Glabra v. laxe hirsuta. Phyllodia oblongo-cuneata, 3-1-pollicaria, apice truncata et multo angustiora quam longa, costa parum excentrica. Flores in capitulo 8-15, plerique 4-meri. Legumen curvum, hir- sutum, 2-3-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 351. . -Hab. South-west Australia. 97. A. DILATATA, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 608. Molliter pubescens. Phyllodia late triangulari-cuneata, 4-3-pollicaria, costa margini inferiori approximata, angulo marginis superioris obtuso ssepius eglanduloso. Flores in capitulo ad 20, 5-meri, hispiduli. Calyx anguste lobatus. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Austral. ii. 352. ` Hab. South-west Australia. 98. A. BIDENTATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 333. Rami pubescentes v. rarius glabrati, interdum spinescentes. Phyllodia obovata v. cuneato-oblonga, 2-4 v. rarius 6 lin. longa, costa margini inferiori approximata, angulo marginis superioris rotundato v. rarius acuto, apicem phyllodii seepe excedente. Flores in capitulo 8-15, glabri, 4-5-meri. Calyx minimus. Legumen valde curvum v. tortum, lineare, 1-1 3 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 352. Hab. South-west Australia. 99. A. ACANTHOCLADA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iii. 127. Pubescens v. glabrata, ramis sepe spinescentibus. Phyllodia anguste cuneata, 2-4 lin. longa, sta margini inferiori approximata, angulo marginis superioris rotundato. Flores in capi- tulo 8-15, glabri. Calyx minimus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 352. ` Hab. South and South-west Australia; perhaps only a narrow-leaved variety of A. bidentata. (See also the first three species of the following Brevifolie, which sometimes resemble some of the preceding, but are readily known by their distinct spathulate sepals.) VOL. XXX. 3P 464. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ P D. Brevifolise. Frutices non spinescentes. Phyllodia nunc late ovata v. falcata, nunc anguste oblonga v. linearia, pleraque polljce breviora, obtusa v. innocue mucronata, v. rarius undulata et acutiora. Stipule minute v. 0. Pedunculi 1-cephali. * Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. 100. A. OBLIQUA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 334. Glabra v. leviter pubescens. Ramuli subteretes. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. orbiculata, 4-$-pollicaria, minute recurvo-mucronata, costa margini inferiori approximata. Capitula 8-15-flora. Legumen lineare, tortum, 13-2 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 353. A. cyclophylla, Schlecht.! in Linnza, xx. 663. A. rotundifolia, Hook. ! Bot. Mag. t. 4041; Paxt. Mag. v. 123, cum ic. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: desert interior. 101. A. ACINACEA, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. i. 267. Glabra. Ramuli sub- teretes. Phyllodia oblique oblonga v. subfalcata, rarius semipollicem excedentia, minute recurvo-mucronata, costa parum excentrica. Capitula 1-20-flora. Legumen lineare, curvum v. tortum, 11-2 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 353. A. Latrobei, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 10. Hab. South and South-east Australia. 102. A. LINEATA, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 408. Rami subteretes, pubes- centes v. villosi. Phyllodia linearia, mucrone parvo recurvo, semipollicaria v. paullo longiora, costa margini inferiori approximata. Capitula 10—15-flora. Legumen lineare, curvum v. tortum, 14-2 lin. latum.— Bot. Mag. t. 3346; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 353. A. runciformis, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 404. A. dasyphylla, A. Cunn.!; Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 359. A. imbricata, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. i. 5, ii. 177. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: desert interior. 103. A. TRIQUETRA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i.358. Glabra. Rami acutanguli. Phyllodia linearia, pleraque pollice breviora, costa subcentrali. Flores in capitulo nu- merosi, parvi. Legumen eurvum, 2-3-pollicare, 14 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 354. A. Meissneri, var. angustifolia, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 13. Hab. South-west Australia. 104. A. LIGUSTRINA, JMeissn.! in Pl. Preiss. ii. 203. Glabra. Rami acutanguli. Phyllodia oblique lanceolata, sepe pollicem excedentia, apice basique contracta, costa parum excentrica. Flores in capitulo numerosi, parvi. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 354. Hab. South-west Australia. 105. A. MEISSNERI, Lehm. ! Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1842. Glabra, seepeque glauca. Ramuli aeutanguli. Phyllodia oblique obovato-oblonga v. subcuneata, + 1-pollicaria, coriacea, costa subcentrali, marginibus non incrassatis. Legumen elongatum, 3-4 lin. latum, planum, marginibus tenuibus.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 354. | Hab. South-west Australia. : (See also 71. A. conferta.) - MICE CEN ae Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 465 ** Sepala (excepta A. dura) in calycem dentatum coalita. 106. A. ANCEPS, DC.! Mém. Leg. 446. Glabra sepeque glauca. Rami acutanguli. Phyllodia late ovata v. oblonga, lata basi affixa et semiarticulata, subdecurrentia, 141-2. pollicaria, rigida, costa subcentrali. Flores in capitulo numerosi. Legumen stipitatum, rectum, planum, ad 13 poll. longum, 4 poll. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 355. A. Muelleri, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 608. Hab. South Australia. 107. A. HISPIDULA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1054. Seabro-hispidula, Phyllodia late falcata, 4-3-pollicaria, 2-3 lin. lata, apice basique acuta, costa subcentrali, marginibus nervi- formibus scabro-subdenticulatis. Legumen ovatum 1-spermum, v. oblongum 2-spermum, 4 lin. latum; crasso-coriaceum, marginibus non elevatis,—Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 161; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 823 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 355. Mimosa hispidula, Sm.! Bot. Nov. Holl. 59, t. 16. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. s 108. A. UNDULIFOLIA, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 404. Glabra pubescens v. hirsuta, ramulis floridis elongatis pendulis. Phyllodia ovata v. suborbicularia, sub- petiolata, subsemipollicaria, rarius dimidio minora v. majora, coriacea, costa subcentrali pennivenia, marginibus nerviformibus. Legumen vix stipitatum, longiusculum, 7-9 lin. latum, planum, margine nerviformi.— Bot. Mag. t. 3394; Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 1544; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 282 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 355. A. uncinata, Lodd. ; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1332. A, piligera, A. Cunn. ! in Bot. Mag. sub n. 3394. A. setigera, A. Cum. ! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 166. A. sertiformis, A. Cunn. ! in Bot. Mag. sub n. 3394: Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 159. A. dysophylla, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 346. A. plagiophylla, F. Muell. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 131 ? ` Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 109. A. FLEXIFOLIA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 359. Minute cano- tomentella. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa, 1—-j-pollicaria, infra medium sepius inflexa et impresso-glandulifera, costa margini inferiori approximata. Flores in capitulo 6-10, parvi. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 356. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 110. A. DURA, Benth. 1 in Linnea, xxvi. 622. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia v. lineari- euneata, obtusa, 3-pollicaria v. paullo longiora, infra medium ssepius. inflexa et impresso- glandulifera, costa prominula. Flores in capitulo 6-10. Sepala distincta, spathulata. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 356. Hab. South-west Australia. 111. A. sPATHULATA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 356. . Glabra v. leviter pubes- cens. Phyllodia lineari-cuneata v. oblongo-spathulata, 4-8 lin. longa, obtusissima, crassa, enervia. Flores in capitulo numerosa. Legumen oblongo-lineare, planum, crassum, durum, 1-14-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical and extratropical West Australia. (See also 113. A. montana, and some varieties of 155. A. brachybotrya.) و‎ 466 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, E. Angustifolie. Frutices v. arbores non spinescentes. Phyllodia oblongo-lanceolata v. linearia, interdum falcata, costa subcentrali v. rarius binervia, pollice plerumque lon- giora et interdum pluripollicaria. Stipule minute v. 0, v. rarius (in A. Sentis et A. den- tifera) breviter subulato-spinescentes. | Pedunculi 1-cephali. * Pedunculi brevissimi, rarius 4 poll. excedentes. 112. A. MICROCARPA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. i. 6. .Glabra v. partes novelle sericeo-argentez v.auree. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia v. lineari-lanceolata, 1-14- rarius 2-pollicaria, levia, costa vix prominula. Capitula multiflora. Sepala anguste lineari-spathulata, distincta. Legumen lineare, curvum v. tortum, 2—3-pollicare, vix 14 lin. latum, inter semina contractum.— Benth. Fl. Anstral. ii. 357. Hab. Extratropical East Australia, desert interior. 113. A. MONTANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 360. Resinoso-viscosa, ramis — pubescentibus. Phyllodia oblonga v. late linearia, obtusa, nunc 1-13-pollicaria et 2-3 lin. lata, nunc multo minora, sepissime 2-nervia. Capitula multiflora. Sepala in calycem lobatum sepius connata. Legumen dense tomentosum, 1-2-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum, inter semina continuum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 357. E A. clavata, Schlecht.! in Linnza, xx. 662. Hab. Extratropical East Australia, desert interior. 114. A. VERNICIFLUA, A. Cunn.! in Field, New S. Wales. 344. Resinoso-viscosa, glabra. Phyllodia oblonga v. lineari-lanceolata, sepius faleata et acuta, 2—4-pollicaria, 2-nervia v. rarius l-nervia. Capitula multiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen lineare, pubescens, 2-3 lin. latum.— Bot. Mag. t. 3266; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 358. A. graveolens, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 404; Bot. Mag. t. 3279; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1460. 7 A. virgata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1946. A. exudans, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 214; Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 83 (phyllodiis latioribus). Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 115. A. LEPROSA, Sieb. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 450. Viscidula, ceterum glabra. Phyllodia — lineari-lanceolata, basi contracta; 133-pollicaria, costa subcentrali, venulis tenuissimis. Capitula multiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen faleatum y. rarius rectum, | lineare, 2-21 lin. latum.— Bot. -Reg. t. 1441 (ic. subdubia).— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 358. 4. reclinata, F. Muell.! First Gen. Rep. 12. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 116. A. srricra, Willd. Spec. iv. 1052. ۰ Glabra, vix viscosa. Phyllodia linearia, : obtusa, 2—4- v. interdum 5-pollicaria, 2-5 lin. lata, coriacea, costa subcentrali, reticulato- _ pennivenia. Capitula multiflora. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Legumen elongatum, 13-23 — lin. latum, inter semina continuum.— Reichb. Ic. et Descr. Pl. t. 90 (venatione neglecta); — — Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 99? ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 358. E Mimosa stricta, Andr. Bot. Rep.i.53; Bot. Mag. t. 1191. Acacia emarginata, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 97. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEÆ. 467 ** Pedunculi plerique subsemipollicares v. longiores. 117. A. DODONÆIFOLIA, Willd. 1 Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 68. Resinoso-viscosa, ceterum glabra. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia v. lanceolata, 2-4-pollicaria, costa subcen- trali, venulis reticulatis paucis prominulis. Capitula multiflora. Calycis lobi breves, crassi. -Legumen elongatum, subplanum, rectum v. falcatum, ad 23 lin. latum.— Reich). Ic. et Descr. Pl. t. 91; Colla, Hort. Ripul. t. 27; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 359. Mimosa dodoneifolia, Pers. Syn. ii. 261. ۱ Acacia viscosa, Schrad. in Wendl. Diss. Acac. 30, t. ۰ A. visciflua, F. Muell. ! Pl. Viet. ii. 24. - Hab. South Australia. 118. A. GNIDIUM, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 359. Glabra, innovationibus glutinosis. Phyllodia anguste linearia, 1-2-pollicaria, ad 1 lin. lata, costa parum prominula, venulis obscuris interdum costae subparallelis. Flores in capitulo 15-20. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. 119. A. RAMOSISSIMA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 356 pro parte. Ramuli pubes- centes. Phyllodia linearia, 1-13-pollicaria, ad 1 lin. lata, crassiuscula, obscure uninervia. Flores ignoti. Legumen lineare, rectum, planum, erasse coriaceum, 1-13-pollicare, 2 lin. latum, inter semina transverse depressum nee contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 360. Hab. South-west Australia. : 1 The foliage is nearly that of A. pycnophylla and A. Harveyi ; but the fruit is very different. 190. A. Santis, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 128. Glabra v. primum puberula. Phyllodia lanceolato-oblonga v. linearia, falcata v. curvula, nunc 3-pollicaria et 2-3 lin. lata, nunc 2-pollicaria et 1 lin. lata, 1-nervia, pennivenia. Stipule subulato-spinescentes y. 0. Capitula multiflora. Sepala distincta, spathulata. Legumen planum, tenue, pol- licare v. longius, 4-3 poll. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 360. A. Victorie, Benth. ! in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 333. Hab. Tropical and Extratropical North Central and Eastern Australia : desert interior. 121. A. DENTIFERA, Benth. ! in Maund, Botanist, iv. t. 179. Glabra. Phyllodia anguste linearia, 3-8-pollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata, costa prominula, venulis obscuris. Stipul:e dentiformes persistentes v. 0. Capitula densa, sepe phyllodiis floralibus abortientibus subracemosa. Sepala distineta, angusta. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, inter semina eontinuum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 360. Hab. South-west Australia. A. longifolia, Paxt. Mag. xii. 269, or A. dentifera, Bot. Mag. t. 4032, is a garden variety, with more falcate phyllodia and racemose flower-heads. 122. A. FASCICULIFERA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 361. Glabra. Phyllodia lanceolato-faleata, 4-6-pollicaria, coriacea, costa marginibusque nerviformibus promi- nentibus, venulis inconspieuis. Peduneuli fasciculati, 4-1-pollicares. Flores numerosi. Sepala distineta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen ignotum. - Hab. Subtropieal East Australia. (See also 138. A. salicina, in which the racemes are sometimes reduced to a single head.) 468 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۷۲0 ۰ [ Acacia. F. Racemos®. Frutices v. arbores inermes. Phyllodia mutica v. rarius pungentia, preter costam centralem prominentem pennivenia v. subavenia. Capitula globosa ad axillas racemosa v. rarius hinc inde solitaria. Flores excepta A. myrtifolia parvi, 5-meri, in capitulo sepius numerosi. The species of this group are amongst the most difficult to circumscribe within definite limits. * Phyllodia sepius elongata, falcato-lanceolata v. fere linearia apice basique contracta, pennivenia. Calyx corolla subdimidio brevior. 123. A. FALCATA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1053. Glabra. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, acu- minata, basi contracta; 3-6-pollicaria v. longiora, margine superiore eglanduloso v. ima basi obseure glanduloso. Capitula parva. Sepala distincta. Legumen planum, 2-3- pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum.— Wendl. Comm. Acac. t. 14; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1115; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 361. Mimosa falcata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 61. . M. obliqua, Wendl. Bot. Beob. 57. Acacia plagiophylla, Spreng. Syst. iii. 135. Hab. Extratropieal East Australia. 124. A. MACRADENIA, Benth.! in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 360. Glabra. Phyllodia fal- cato-lanceolato, acuminata, basi contracta, $-l-pedalia, marginibus incrassatis, superiore basi glandulifero v. eglanduloso, venulis transversis. Capitula parva. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen elongatum, planum, 5-6 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 362. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. 125. A. PENNINERVIS, Sieb. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 459. Glabra. Phyllodia oblongo- v. lanceolato-faleata, acuminata, basi contracta, 3-4-pollicaria v. interdum multo longiora, venulis obliquis, margine superiore sepius supra medium glandulifero. Capitula parva. Calyx truncatus v. breviter dentatus. Legumen planum, sepe 4-5 poll. longum, 5-6 lin. latum.— Bot. Mag. t. 2754; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 369. A, impressa, Lindl. ! Bot. Reg. t. 1115; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1319. Var. FALCIFORMIS, partibus novellis minute cano- v. aureo-pubescentibus, phyllodiis semipedalibus Y longioribus, legumine 3 lin. lato. A. falciformis, DC. Prod. ii. 452. A. astringens, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Syst. ii. 405. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 126. A. rETINODES, Schlecht. ! in Linnea, xx. 664. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-lanceo- lata, faleata, basi contracta, 3—5-pollicaria, margine superiore supra basin glandulifero. Flores in capitulo vix 20. Calyx brevissime lobatus. Legumen breviter stipitatum, sub- planum, 3-8-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 362. Hab. South and South-east Australia. 127. A. NERIIFOLIA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 357. Partes novelle glaues y. farinoso-tomentose, demum glabrescentes. Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata, sub- foliata, basi contracta, 3-5-pollicaria, glandula marginali minuta v. 0. Capitula multiflora, parva. Sepala distincta v. vix basi connata. Legumen subrectum, planum, pluripollicare, ad 4 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 363. A. iteaphylla, F. Muell.! Benth. in Linnea, xxvi. 617. Hab. Extratropieal East Australia E ` Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ : 469 128. A. MICROBOTRYA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i.353. Glabra. Phyllodia lan- ceolato-faleata, acuta, basi contracta, 3-5-pollicaria, glandulis marginalibus 1-2 parvis v. 0. Capitula parva, multiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus, sepalis vix demum solvendis. Legumen (si rite huc adscriptum) anguste lineare.— Fl. Austral. ii. 363. A. myriobotrya et A. leiophylla, var. microcephala, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. i. 15. A. subfalcata et A. daphnifolia, Meissn.! in Bot. Zeit. 1855. 11. A, rostellifera, Seem. ! Eingef. Acac. t. 2. - A. pterigoidea, Seem. in Verhandl. Gartenb.-Gesellsch. 1846, 11, ex Seem. Eingef. Acac. 33. . Hab. South-west Australia. 129. A. sALIGNA, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 26. Glabra. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, obtusiuscula, basi contracta, pluripolliearia, costa marginibusque nerviformibus pro- minulis, venulis obscuris, glandula marginali a basi distante v. 0. Capitula majuscula. Calyx sinuato-truncatus. Legumen planum, sepius rectum et 5-6-pollicare, vix 3 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 864. Mimosa saligna, Labill.! Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 86. t. 235. Acacia leiophylla, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 351. A. Blomei, Ohlend. ex Seem. Eingef. Acac. 30. Hab. South-west Australia. 130. A. CYANOPHYLLA, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 45. Glabra, seepius glauca. Phyllodia lineari-oblonga v. lanceolato-falcata, $-1-pedalia v. inferiora longiora, basi longe contracta, costa marginibusque nerviformibus prominulis, distinete pennivenia. Capitula majuscula. Calyx lobatus. Legumen pluripollicare, ad 23 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 364. Hab. South-west Australia. (See also 121. A. dentifera, aud 174. A. bivenosa.) ** Phyllodia elongata falcato-lanceolata v. linearia. Capitula majuscula, densiflora. | Calyx corolla vix triente brevior. 131. A. PYONANTHA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 351. Glabra. Phyllodia lan- ceolato-falcata, basi longe contracta, 3-6-pollicaria, medio ssepe pollicem lata, pennivenia, glandula marginali prope basin majuscula. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen planum, tenue, pluripollicare, ad 3 lin. latum. Semina longitudinalia.— Fl. Austral. ii. 365 ; Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 86. A. petiolaris, Lehm. ! Nov. Hort. Hamb. in Linnza, xxv. 306. A. falcinella, Meissn.! in Bot. Zeit. 1855, 11. Hab. South and South-east Australia. 132. A. NOTABILIS, F. Muell.! Fragm. i. 6. Glabra, sepeque glauca. Phyllodia lan- ceolato-falcata v. fere linearia, basi contracta, 4-8-pollicaria, crasse coriacea, costa mar- ginibusque nerviformibus erassis, venulis obscuris. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen planum, glaucum, 14-3-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, subcoriaceum. Semina transversa,— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 365. Hab. Extratropical East Australia : desert interior. 470 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia, *** Phyllodia recta v. falcata, pluri- v. rarius 13-pollicaria, crassa, preter costam avenia v. obscure reticulata. Calyx corolla dimidio brevior v. brevissimus. Semina longi- tudinalia. 133. A. GLADIIFORMIS, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 354. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata, curva, obtusissima, basi longe contracta, crasso-coriacea, _ nitida, marginibus incrassatis. Capitula densiflora. Sepala distincta, angusta. Legumen elongatum, planum, flexuosum, ad 3 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 365. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 134. A. OBTUSATA, Sieb. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 453. Glabra. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia, obtusissima, basi contracta, 13—3-pollicaria, crasse coriacea. Capitula densiflora. Sepala distincta, spathulata. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 366, Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 135. A. RUBIDA, A. Cunn. ! in Field, New S. Wales, 344. Glabra. Phyllodia lanceo- lata, subfalcata, acuminata, basi contracta, ad 3 poll. longa, costa marginibusque nervi- formibus prominentibus. Capitula parvula, 10-12-flora. Sepala sepius cohserentia. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 366. ; ` A4. amena, Sieb. ! Pl. Exs., non Wendl. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. Perhaps a variety of A. amena. 136. A. AMENA, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 16, t. 4. Glabra v. rami novelli pubescentes. Phyllodia lanceolata, recta v. falcata, obtusa, basi contracta, 13-23-pollicaria v. ramorum sterilium longiora, costa marginibusque nerviformibus prominulis, margine 1-3-glandu- loso. Capitula 8-12-flora. Sepala demum soluta. Legumen planum, pluripollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, marginibus nerviformibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 366. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. This is the only species in which I have observed the funicle enveloping the seed in a triple fold, although in many others it extends twice round. The constancy of the character requires, however, further proof. ۱ 197. A. HAKEOIDES, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 354. Glabra v. vix pubescens. Phyllodia lineari-spathulata v. anguste oblongo-lanceolata, obtusa, basi longe contracta, 2-5-pollicaria, crassiuscula, 1-nervia, marginibus vix prominulis, medio l-glandulosa. Capitula ad 20-flora. Sepala facile solvenda. Legumen planum, eur- vulum, 2-3 lin. latum, inter semina valde contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 367. Hab. Extratropical East Australia : desert interior. ER 138. A. sALICINA, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three -Exped. ii. 20. Glabra, pallens v. glauca. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia v. lanceolata, sæpius obtusa, basi longe contracta, 2-5 poll. longa, vix semipollicem lata, erassiuscula, costa parum prominula, venis obscuris. Ca- pitula multiflora. Calyx parvus, truncatus. Legumen rectum, 1-3-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, valvis duris convexiusculis.— Dietr. Fl. Univ.t. 885 Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 367. A. ligulata, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 362. | Hab. Extratropical Australia, East and West : desert interior. Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 471 Var.? varıans. Phyllodia seepius majora, latiora, fere ut in A. penninervi, pennivenia, glandula tamen marginali carentia. An species propria? A. varians, Benth. in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 132. Hab. Tropical and subtropical East Australia. 139. A. ROSTELLIFERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 356. Glabra, A. salicine — valde affınis. Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata, 2-5-pollicaria, costa prominula, venis obscuris. Capitula multiflora et calyx brevis A. salicine. Petala levia nec costata ut in affini A. cyanophylla. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 368. A. subbinervia, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 16. Hab. South-west Australia. 140. A. PYONOPHYLLA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 308. Glabra. Phyllodia conferta, erecta, linearia, obtusa, 11—3-pollicaria, crassiuscula, preeter costam enervia, eglandulosa. Capitula 10—15-flora. Calyx breviterlobatus. Legumen lineare, planum, 13-2 lin. latum, inter semina continuum, marginibus incrassatis. A. crassiuscula, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 16, non Sieb. Hab. South-west Australia. ; 141. A. Harveyi, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 368. Glabra. Phyllodia anguste linearia, obtusa, 2-3-pollicaria, basi contracta, crassiuscula, costa vix prominula, avenia. Capi- tula parva, multiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen planum, 3-pollicare v. longius, ultra 3 poll. latum, coriaceum, transverse reticulatum, marginibus vix incrassatis. A. ramosissima, Benth. olim ex parte ; Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 16. Hab. South-west Australia. The phyllodia closely resemble those of A. ramosissima and A. pycnophylla; but the pod is very different. (See also the longest-leaved forms of 151. A. crassiuscula and 152. A. decora.) **** Phyllodia linearia v. lanceolata. Legumen planum, obtusissimum, seminibus trans- versis. Racemi juniores sepius bracteis imbricatis obtecti. Sepala distincta. + Romuli acutanguli. Sepala tenuissima. Legumen coriaceum. 142. A. sUAVEOLENS, Willd. Spec. iv. 1050. Glabra, sepe glauca. Phyllodia linearia v. sublanceolata, pleraque 3-4-pollicaria v. interdum longiora, costa marginibusque nervi- formibus prominentibus. Capitula 6-10-flora. Legumen 1-14-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum. — Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 730; Reichb. Ic. et Descr. Pl. t. 46; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 369. Mimosa suaveolens, Sm.! in Trans. Linn. Soc. i. 253; Labill.! Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 87, t. 236. M. obliqua, Lam. in Journ. Hist. Nat. i. 89, t. 5, non Pers. Acacia obliqua, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 67. M. angustifolia, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iii. 74, t. 391. Acacia angustifolia, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 34. A. odorata, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 67. Mimosa ambigua, Salisb. Prod. 325. ; Hab. Extratropical South-east Australia and Tasmania. 143. A. SUBCERULEA, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. t. 1075. Glabra, glauca. Phyllodia linearia v. lanceolata, 14-3-pollicaria, 2-4 lin. lata, costa prominula, marginibus tenuiter nervi-. VOL. XXX. 3Q 472 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, formibus. Capitula multiflora. Legumen 1-1}- rarius 2-pollicare, 6-9 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. 11. 369. A. hemiteles, Benth.! in Linnza, xxvi. 619. A. apiculata, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 17. Hab. South-west Australia. 144.? A. LINDLEYI, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. i. 14. Glabra, glauca. Phyllodia lan- ceolata, basi contracta, inferiora 6-10-pollicaria, tenuiter pennivenia, superiora iis A. sub- cerulee similiora. Capitula multiflora. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 370. Hab. South-west Australia. The specimens seen are very unsatisfactory, but they appear to represent a species nearly allied to but distinet from A. subcerulea. tt Rami vix angulati. Sepala angustissima. Legumen membranaceum. 145. A. LEPTOPETALA, Benth. 1 in Linnea, xxvi. 619. Glabra, subglauca. Phyllodia oblongo-linearia v. lanceolata basi contracta, 1-2-pollicaria, costa vix prominula, venis obscuris. Capitula multiflora. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 370. Hab. South-west Australia. | 146. A. MURRAYANA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 370. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia, 5-6-pollicaria, 1-14 lin. lata, crassa, costa vix prominula, venis obscuris. Capitula multiflora. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum. | -Hab. Extratropieal East Australia: desert interior. ***** Phyllodia linearia lanceolata v. oblique oblonga, sesquipollicem non excedentia (excepta A. subulata), marginibus mon incrassatis. Calyz brevis, breviter lobatus v. truncatus. Legumen lineare, seminibus longitudinalibus. 147. A. SUBULATA, Bonpl. Jard. Malm. 110, t. 45. Glabra. Phyllodia anguste line- aria, 3-6-pollicaria, vix lineam lata, haud crassa. Capitula parva, 12-20-flora. Calyx dentatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 370. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. _ Near A. linifolia, but readily known by the long narrow phyllodia. _ 148. A. umrorza, Willd. Spec. iv. 1051, Glabra v. minute puberula, Phyllodia linearia v. lineari-lanceolata, apice basique contracta, 1-14-pollicaria, 13-2 rarius 24 lin. lata, haud crassa, costa prominula, marginibus tenuiter neryiformibus, - Capitula parva, re موب‎ lineare, planum, 2-4-pollicare, 4—6 lin. latum, inter semina con- inuum.— . Jard. Malm. t. 19; Bot. t ۱ - ut LM | Mag. t. 2168; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 383? ; Mimosa linifolia, Vent. Jard. Cels. t. 9 ; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 394. M. linearis, Wendl. Bot. Beob. 56 et Hort. Herrenh. Acacia abietina, Willd. Spec. iv. 1051. Mimosa abietina, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 60. Hab. Extratropical and subtropical East Australia. 149. A. PROMINENS, A. Cuna. ! in t. 18, non Sims. G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii, 406. Glabra, seepius glauca. P T e NE T‏ دای زا هن وا Aeacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 473 Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata v. oblongo-falcata, acutiora et saepius latiora quam in A. lini- folia, glandula marginali a basi remotiore, pleraque 1-14-pollicaria, 2-4 v. rarius 5 lin. lata. Capitula parva, 8-12-flora. Legumen lineare, planum, 2-3-pollicare, 3-4 rarius 5 lin. latum, inter semina continuum.— Bot. Mag. t. 3502; Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 83? Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 311. ; A. fimbriata, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ií. 406. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 150. A. LEICHARDTII, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 372. Hirsuta. Phyllodia lineari-lan- ceolata, falcata, pollicem rarius excedentia, costa marginibusque nerviformibus promi- nulis ciliatis. Capitula multiflora. Legumen planum, hispidum, 2-4-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. ToL. A, CRASSIUSCULA, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 31, t. 8. Glabra, subglauca. Phyllodia linearia, subfalcata, 14-2-pollicaria v. rarius sub-3-pollicaria, 13-3 lin. lata, crassiuscula, 1-nervia, avenia, marginibus nerviformibus. Capitula dense multiflora. Calyx demum in sepala solvendus. Legumen lineare, crassiusculum, ad 23 lin. latum, inter semina eontractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 372. | A. adunca, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 406. A. Sieberiana, Tausch, in Flora, 1836, 420, non DC. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 152. A. DECORA, Reichb. Icon. Exot. t. 199. Glabra v. glauco-tomentella. Phyllodia lanceolata v. linearia, basi contracta, 1-2-pollicaria, 1-nervia, marginibus nerviformibus. Capitula ad 20-flora. Legumen planum, rectum v. curvum, ad 3 lin. latum. Semina margini superiori approximata.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 372. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical East Australia. 153. A. BUXIFOLIA, A. Cunn. ! in Field, New 8. Wales, 344. Glabra. Phyllodia oblique oblongo-lanceolata, apice basique contracta, sepius pollice breviora, costa vix prominula. Capitula 8-12-flora. Legumen planum, rectum v. curvum, ad 3 lin. latum. Semina margini inferiori approximata.— Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 164; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 372. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical East Australia. 154. A. LUNATA, Sieb.! in DO. Prod. ii. 452. Glabra, sepe glauca. Phyllodia ob- longo-faleata v. subovata, valde obliqua, obtusa, sepius pollice breviora, 3-6 lin. lata, l-nervia, marginibus vix prominulis. Capitula 4-10-flora. Legumen planum, glaucum, rectum v. curvum, 3-4 lin. latum. Semina margini superiori approximata.— Bof. Reg. t. 1352; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 884; Sweet, FI. Austral. t. 42; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 373. A. falcinella, Tausch, in Flora, 1836, 419. A. brevifolia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1235? A. oleefolia, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 405. A. dealbata, A. Cunn.! in Field, New S. Wales, 345, non Lindl. A. furfuracea, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 405. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 392 474 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Acacia . ee Phyllodia ovata obovata v. late oblonga, infrapollicaria v. vix 1 poll. excedentia, t Racemi breves, oligocephali. 155. A. BRACHYBOTRYA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 347. Glabra v. apice argenteo-sericea. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. oblonga, ¿—1-pollicaria, 1-nervia, penni- venia. Capitula multiflora. Sepala subdistineta. Legumen lineare, 3-5 lin. latum, planum v. valvis ad semina alternatim convexis concavisque.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 373. A. dictyocarpa, Benth.! in Linnza, xxvi. 616. Var. ARGYROPHYLLA, plus minus argenteo-sericea. A. argyrophylla, Hook.! Bot. Mag. t. 4384. A. bombycina, Benth. ! in Lindl. and Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 101, f. 186. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: desert interior. 156. A. WATISIANA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 374. Glabra. Phyllodia obovato-oblonga, obtusissima, basi contracta, 4-1-pollicaria, 1-nervia, obscure venosa. Capitula 15-20-flora. Calyx brevis, dentatus. Legumen falcatum, coriaceum, 2-4-pol- licare, 3—4 lin. latum, inter semina contractum. Hab. South Australia: a single specimen in Herb. F. Mueller. tt Racemi pleiocephali, phyllodio multo longiores. 157. A. PODALYRLEFOLIA, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 405. Glauca farinosa v. minute pubescens, rarius glabrata. Phyllodia obovata ovata v. oblonga, obliqua, pollicaria v. paullo longiora, 1-nervia. Capitula parva, multiflora. Calyx minute den- — tatus. Legumen planum, uni- v. pluripollicare, 3 poll. latum, glabrum v. pubescens.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 314. ۰ A. Fraseri, Hook.! Ic. Pl. t. 171. A. Caleyi, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 347. florescentia. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. Specimina depauperata ineunte in- 158. A. UNCIFERA, Benth.! in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 341. 'Velutino-pubescens. Phyl- 1 lodia oblique oblonga v. elliptica, falcata, apice basique contracta, uncinato-acuta, 14-pol- E licaria v. paullo longiora, 13-12 poll. lata, 1-nervia. Capitula parva, multiflora. Legi i men ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 374. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. 159. A. VESTITA, Ker! in Bot. Reg. t. 698. Molliter pubescens v. villosa. Phyllodia oblique ovali-elliptica, recurvo-falcata, undulata, | tula parva, 10-20-flora. Calyx breviter lobatus. care, 4-5 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 375. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 160. A. CULTRIFORMIS, 4. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. subfarinosa. Phyllodia oblique oblongo-lanceolata, 3-i-pollicaria, l-nervia, marginibus incrassato-ner Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen planum, glaucum, 2-3 —Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 170; Pact. Mag. xi. 123 cum ic.; Ben Legumen planum, rectum, 14-3-polli- th. Fl. Austral. ii. 375. > aS Dre A E cr e pleraque semipollicaria, 1-nervia. Capi- Syst. ii. 406. Glabra v. glauco- 4 recurvo-faleata y. subtriangularia, - viformibus. Capitula 10-20-flora. 4 -pollicare, 3 rarius 4 lin. latum. — Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 475 - A. scapuliformis, A. Cunn. ! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 405. A. glaucifolia, Baum. Cat. Hort. Bollw. ex descr. Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 14. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. , 161. A. PRAVISSIMA, F. Muell. ! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. i. 5 ; Pl. Vict. t. 24. Glabra. Phyllodia late et oblique faleato-obovata v. subtrapezoidea v. triangularia, 3-5 lin. v. rarius semipollicem longa, 1-2-nervia. Capitula parva, 8-12-flora. Calyx brevis, obtuse lobatus. Legumen planum, glabrum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 375. Hab. South-east Australia. 162. A. PYRIFOLIA, DC.! Mém. Leg. 447. Glabra, subglauca. Ramuli compressi- usculi. Stipulse breves, spinescentes. Phyllodia late ovata, pungenti-mucronata, 1-3-pol- licaria, 1-nervia, pennivenia. Capitula densissime multiflora. Sepala distincta, lineari- clavata. Legumen planum, eurvum v. circinatum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, valvis demum ad semina convexis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 376. Hab. Tropical and extratropical West Australia. xxx Oapitula dense racemosa, floribus A-meris in capitulo 2-3nis. 163. A. MYRTIFOLIA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1054. Glabra, interdum glauca. Phyllodia obliqua v. faleata, obovata lanceolata v. linearia, seepius 1-2-pollicaria, costa margini- busque nerviformibus prominentibus. Flores majusculi. Legumen lineare, curvum, marginibus crassis, 1-2 poll. longum, ad 2 lin. latum, valvis duris sublignosis.—Sweet, Fl. Austral. t: 49; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 12; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 376. Mimosa myrtifolia, Sm.! in Trans. Linn. Soc. i. 252; Bot. Nov. Holl. t. 15. Var. CELASTRIFOLIA, Phyllodia seepe pollicem lata. A. celastrifolia, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 349; Bot. Mag. t. 4306. A. Pawlikowskyana et A. Ludwigii, Ohlend. ex Seem. Eingef. Acac. 28. Var. ANGUSTIFOLIA, Phyllodia 2-4 lin. lata, seepius ultra 2 poll. longa. A. marginata, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 462; Wendl. Comm. Acac. t. 5 A. A. trigona, A. DC.! Not. 8 Pl. Rar. Jard. Gen. 20. Hab. Extratropical Australia and Tasmania, the typical forms chiefly in the eastern colonies, the broad and the narrow-leaved varieties chiefly in South-west Australia, but all the forms passing into each other. Subseries 7. Plurinerves. Phyllodia complanata, obtusa v. rarius in speciebus latifoliis pungentia, 2- v. plurinervia. | Capitula globosa, ad axillas solitaria fasciculata v. rarius breviter racemosa. | ` A. Armate. Stipule spinescentes. Phyllodia falcata, angusta v. lata, subulato-acu- minata v. subpungentia. 164. A. SCALPELLIFORMIS, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. ii. 200. Glabra v. puberula. Phyl- lodia oblique triangulari-lanceolata, 3_1}-pollicaria, 3-5 lin. lata, 2-nervia, pennivenia, margine superiore nerviformi ad angulum glandulifero. Pedunculi l-cephali. Legumen elongatum, ssepe tortum, vix 1} lin. latum, marginibus crassis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 377. Hab. South-west Australia. en 476 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. [Aoacia, 165. A. UROPHYLLA, Benth.! in Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. 24. Glabra v. leviter hirsuta, - Phyllodia semiovata v. late ovato-lanceolata, subulato-aeuminata, valde obliqua, 11-3-pol. | licaria, 3-1 poll. lata v. in cultis majora, 2-4-nervia, margine superiore curvo erenulato- | sinuato, prope basin glandulifero. Legumen 5-6-pollicare, sepe tortum, vix 14 lin, - latum, marginibus crassis.— Bot. Mag. t. 4573; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 377. A. smilacifolia, Field. et Gardn. ! Sert. Pl. t. 3. Hab. South-west Australia. B. Triangulares. Stipule setacee v. minute. Phyllodia parva, semipollicem non excedentia, late falcato-ovata v. triangularia, breviter mucronato-subpungentia. 166. A. sUBLANATA, Benth.! in Hueg. Enum. 42. Junior lanato-pubescens, demum glabrata. Phyllodia falcata, late triangularia v. lanceolata, semipollice breviora, 3- v. plu- rinervia. Capitula 20-80-flora, longiuscule pedunculata. Legumen lineare, tortum, glabrum, ad 2 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 378. A. pravifolia. F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. i. 4. Hab. South Australia. 167. A. AMBLYGONA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 332. Pubescens. Phyllodia faleato-lanceolata v. triangularia, 3-4 lin. longa, plurinervia. Capitula 10-15- flora, breviter pedunculata. Legumen curvum, giabrum, 13-2 lin. latum, inter semina " contractum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 378. A. Nernstii, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iv. 3. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical East Australia. ts 168. A. DELTOIDEA, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 401. Glabra v. junior pubescens. Phyllodia oblique triangulari-ovata, acuta, 2-3 lin. longa, plurinervia. Flores in eapitulo numerosi, minimi. Calyx corolla multo brevior. Legumen elongatum, planum, 4 lin. latum, glanduloso-hispidum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 378. Hab. "Tropical Australia: north-west coast. 169. A. strpuLosa, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 119. Glanduloso-pubescens v. hirsuta. Phyllodia oblique ovato-falcata v. subtriangularia, pungenti-acuta, 2-3 rarius 4 lin. longa, crassa, obscure plurinervia. Flores in capitulo numerosi, lineam longi. Calyx corollam subzequans. Legumen lineare, curvum, planum, 2-3 lin. latum, glandu- loso-hispidum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 379. Hab. Tropical Australia : north-west coast. 3 (See also 95. A. decipiens, and a few other Uninerves Triangulares, in which, besides the main nerve, there is sometimes a much fainter second one.) C. Brevifolize. Phyllodia pollice breviora, obovata ovata v. late oblonga, obtusissima, sepe undulata. Stipule inconspicue. 170. A. LoxoPHYiLa, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 699. Resinosa, ceterum glabra. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. oblonga, incurva, obtusissima, 2-6 lin. longa, obscure ' 2-nervia, ezeterum avenia. Calyx breviter lobatus. Petala levia. Le . lineare, ad 2 lin. latum, valvis ad semina convexis.— F/. Austral. ii. 379. gumen curyum, Hab. South-west Australia. | Acacia] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJ. 477 171. A. sETULIFERA, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 625. Glabra. Phyllodia oblique ovata, obtusa, mucrone setiformi valde obliqua, vix 2 lineas excedentia, tenuiter pluri- nervia. Calyx dentatus, sepalis facile solvendis. Petala levia. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 379. Hab. Tropical Australia : north-west coast. 172. A. TRANSLUCENS, A. Cunn. ! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 160. Glabra v. junior pubescens. Phyllodia obliqua, ex obovato anguste oblonga, obtusa, $-1-pollicaria, 2-4-nervia, glandula obliqua terminata. Calyx breviter dentatus. Petala striata. Legumen 1-1j- pollicare, planum at crassum, sublignosum, supra medium 2 lin. latum, basi longe con- tractum, intus inter semina septatum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 379. Hab. Tropical Australia: north and north-west coast. 173. A. IMPRESSA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. ii. 133. Pubescens. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. obovato-oblonga, obtusa v. glanduloso-mucronata, $-1-pollicaria, 3-5- nervia. Sepala distincta. Petala rigidula, striata. Legumen rectum, tenuiter coria- ceum, planum, marginibus incrassatis, ad 6 lin. latum, glutinoso-villosum.— Benth, Fl. Austral. ii. 380. Hab. Tropical Australia : north and north-west coast. - D. Oligoneurse. Phyllodia semipollice et sepius pollice longiora, oblongo-lanceolata v. linearia, recta v. leviter falcata, 2-3-nervia, vix venulosa nec glutinosa (excepta A. sub- porosa). * Capitula ad axillas breviter racemosa. 174. A. BIVENOSA, DC. Prod. ii. 452. Glabra, subglauca v. aureo-flavescens. Phyl- lodia ex obovato oblongo-lanceolata, obtusa, 13-3-pollicaria v. rarius breviora, basi con- tracta, 2-nervia, marginibus nerviformibus. Capitula irregulariter racemosa. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen elongatum, planum, coriaceum, ad 3 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 380. —— A. binervosa, DC. Mém. Lég. 448. A. zanthina, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 355. A. elliptica, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1. 347. Hab. North-west tropical and West extratropical Australia. 175. A. TRINEURA, F. Muell. ! Pl. Vict. ii. 25. Glabra, glauca. Phyllodia anguste euneato-oblonga, obtusissima, 11-2-pollicaria, basi contracta, 3-nervia. Capitula brevis- sime racemosa. Sepala distincta. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 381. Hab. South-east Australia: desert interior. ** Capitula ad aaillas solitaria v. fasciculata. 176. A. NITIDULA, Benth.! Fl, Austral. ii. 381. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-cuneata, 1—]3-pollicaria, crassiuscula, rigida, preter margines nerviformes 2- rarius 3-nervia. Sepala distincta. Legumen ignotum. Hab. South-west Australia. 177. A. HETEROCLITA, Meissn! in Pl. Preiss.i 18. Glabra v. juniora minute sericeo- 478 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. (Acacia, " á e 11* . H LI ۰ i puberula. Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata v. linearia, 14-3 ia, rigidula, tenuiter ۹ 3-nervia. Sepala distincta. Legumen anguste lineare, planum, 2-3-pollicare, 14 lin. - latum, marginibus nerviformi-incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 381. A. trissoneura, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austr. iv. 6. Hab. South-west Australia. 178. A. ELONGATA, Sieb. ! in DO. Prod. ii. 451. Glabra v. junior sericeo-pubescens. E Phyllodia anguste linearia, 2-3- rarius 4-pollicaria, 1-1} rarius 2 lin. lata, 3-nervia et interdum oblique venulosa. Calyx obtuse lobatus. Legumen lineare, rectum, planum, ` 13-2 lin. latum.— Bot. Mag. t. 3337 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 381. A. hebecephala, A. Cunn.! in Loud. Hort. Brit. 406. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 179. A. suBPOROsA, F. Muell.! Pl. Vict. ii. 24. Glabra, junior glutinosa. Phyllodia — lineari-lanceolata v. linearia, acuta, subfalcata, 11—3- rarius 4-pollicaria, 2—4 lin. lata, tenuiter 2-3-nervia et inter nervos interdum longitudinaliter venulosa, subpellueido- : punctata. Calyx lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 389. Hab. South-west Australia. 180. A. Srusr, 4. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 368. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia v. lanceolata, seepius falcata, 2-5-pollicaria, 14-3 lin. lata, haud crassa, vulgo prominule 2-3-nervia et inter nervos longitudinaliter ven liter multinervia. Calyx lobatus, sepalis facile solvendis. undulatum, 2-3 lin. latum.—- Fl. Austral. ii. 382. Hab. Tropical North and North-east Australia. The venation of the phyllodia and the general habit pass into those of the Venose, ; but in the typical form the prominence of 2 or 3 nerves is characteristic of the Oligoneure. | (Amongst species of other groups which have narrow, occasionally 2-nerved phyllodia, see 13. A. coch- learis ; 113. A. montana ; 114. A. verniciflua; 191. A. Whanii, and 194. A. ixiophylla.) ulosa, interdum minus insequa- Legumen rectum, planum v. E. Microneure. Glabre v. glauce nec glutinose. Phy crassa, avenia v. venis parallelis crebris tenuissimis vir conspicuis. 181. A. LEPTOSPERMOIDES, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 626. Glabra. Phyllodia cuneato- oblonga, obtusa, 13-pollicaria v. paullo longiora, crassiuscula, avenia v. tenuissime et vix conspieue plurinervia. Capitula solitaria breviter pedunculata. Sepala distincta. Legu- men ignotum.—Fl. Austral. ii. 383. Hab. South-west Australia. 182. A. HOMALOPHYLLA, A. Cunn. ! lophylia). Glabra v. minute canescen: v. linearia, 1-3-pollicaria, 1—4 lin. lata, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 365 (errore oma- . Phyllodia lanceolato-falcata, anguste oblonga crassa, sub lente tenuissime multinervia. Capi- tula pedunculata, ad axillas fasciculata, Sepala distincta v. leviter connata. Legumen lineare, coriaceum, 2-3 lin. latum, longitudinaliter venosum, valvis ad semina convexis, inter semina contractis.— F7. Austral. ii. 388. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: desert interior. llodia angusta v. rarius obovata, — OQ—.-——————————Q—ÉÓneoyXm n u وت هنن = ہے - سای ووا ای عو‎ et MN u > Gs E A A ee A A Cr دس کات خی کت‎ MA E TE N A e ee ee سنوت‎ ad کت من‎ | | | | | Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM: ON THE MIMOSEZ. 479 - 183. A. PENDULA, A. Cunn. ! in E. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 404. Minute cinereo-puberula, ramis seepius pendulis. Phy!lodia lineari-lanceolata, falcata, acuminata, 2-3-pollicaria, rigidule coriacea, sub lente multinervia. Pedunculi breves, ad axillas fasciculati. Calyx lobatus, sepalis facile solvendis. Legumen planum, tenue, 5-6 lin. latum, transverse venosum, marginibus angustissime carinato-alatis.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 383. . A. leucophylla, Lindl. ! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 13. Hab. Extratropical and subtropical East Australia, in the interior. 184. A. OswaLD1, F. Muell.! Pl. Vict. ii, 27. Glabra v. junior canescenti- v. sericeo- pubescens. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, nunc lineari- v. oblongo-lanceolata, 13-2-polli- caria, rigida, tenuissime multinervia. Capitula subsessilia, fasciculata. Sepala distincta. Legumen elongatum, curvum v. tortum, durum, sublignosum, 3-4 lin. latum.— Benth. Fl. Austral, ii. 384. . Hab. Extratropical East Australia; desert interior. 185. A. LINEOLATA, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 626. Sericeo-pubescens, mox glabrata. Phyllodia anguste linearia, erecta, 14-2-pollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata, rigida, sub lente tenuis- sime multinervia, nervis 3 rarius prominulis. Capitula brevissime pedunculata. Sepala subdistineta. Legumen ignotum.— 7. Austral. ii. 384. . Hab. South-west Australia. 186. A. conrACEA, DO. Mém. Leg. 446. Cinerascens v. junior sericeo-canescens v. flavescens. Phyllodia recta v. curva, semipedalia v. longiora, 1-2) lin. lata, crasse cori- acea, sub lente tenuissime multinervia. Capitula pedunculata, cano-pubescentia. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen 4-3-pedale, 4-5 lin. latum, anguste moniliforme, valvis ad semina turgidis striatis inter semina contractis, — Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 985. ` Hab. Tropical and extratropical West Australia. 187. A. STENOPHYLLA, A. Qunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i 366. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia, acuminata v. falcata, 1-1-pedalia, 2-23 lin. lata, tenuiter striato-mul- tinervia. Capitula breviter racemosa. Calyx breviter lobatus, dense ciliatus. Petala pubescentia. Legumen elongato-moniliforme, ad semina turgidum, 4-5 lin. latum, inter 'semina contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 385. A. sericophylla, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 122 (var. ۶ phyllodiis angustioribus). ` Hab. Tropical and extratropical East and Central Australia: desert interior. F. Nervose. Glabre v. viscidule, rarius pubescentes. Phyllodia recta v. interdum falcata, multi- rarius sub-3-nervia. i * Australiane. 188. A. HEMIGNOSTA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 134. Glauca. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata v. oblonga, obtusa, 2-4-pollicaria, supra medium 3-4 poll. lata, tenuiter "3-5.nervia, inter nervos reticulata. Capitula pedunculata. Sepala distincta. Legumen planum, 2-4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, marginibus acutis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 385. Hab. Tropical Australia: north and north-west coast. 189. A. SCLEROPHYLLA, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 139. Glabra (resinosa P). Phyllodia oblongo-linearia, subcuneata, crassa, rigidula, 2-13 poll. longa, Pn VOL. XXX. 480 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJA. [Aenrin, nervia. Pedunculi brevissimi. Sepala distincta, angusta. Legumen sub-2-pollicare, vix 1 ilin. latum, valvis convexis, longitudinaliter striatis.— Dietr. Fl. Univ. t. 85 (quoad . venationem falsa); Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 386. Hab. South-east Australia : desert interior. 190. A. FARINOSA, Lindl.! in Mitch. Three Exped. ii. 146. Glabra v. junior glauco- - farinosa. Phyllodia lineari-cuneata, obtusa, crassa, rigidula, ¿-14-pollicaria, nervis quam in A. sclerophylla tenuioribus. Pedunculi brevissimi, uti capitula farinoso-tomentosi. Sepala distincta, lineari-spathulata. Legumen lineare, curvum, 2-23 lin. latum, valvis | coriaceis duris non striatis, marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 386. Hab. South-east Australia: desert interior. 191. A. Wnaxr,, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 386. Ramuli puberuli. Phyl- lodia oblongo-linearia, sepe curva, obtusa, 13-2-pollicaria, rigide coriacea, striato-pluri- - nervia, margine superiore infra medium glandulifero. Pedunculi brevissimi. Calyx lobatus, sepalis facile solvendis. Legumen ignotum. Hab. South-east Australia. 192. A. HETERONEURA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 624. Glabra. Phyllodia linearia, 13-3-pollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata, rigidula, costa valida nervisque utrinque tenuibus pluribus parallelis. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx late lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 387. Hab. South-west Australia. 193. A. viscrpuLa, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 363. Pubescens et resinoso-viscidula. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa, subincurva, 2-24-pollicaria, 1-12 lin. lata, coriacea, plurinervia. Peduneuli brevissimi. Sepala distincta, anguste spathulata. Petala pubescentia. Legumen lineare, rectum, pubescens, ad 2 lin. latum, marginibus inerassatis.— Fl. Austral. ii. 387. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 194. A. IXIOPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 364. Glabra v. pubesoens, glutinosa. Phyllodia oblongo-lanceolata v. late linearia, obtusa, obliqua v. falcata, 3-14 rarius 2 poll. longa, 2-3 rarius 4 lin. lata, coriacea, tenuiter striat culi breviter subracemosi. Sepala distincta, anguste spathulata. hispidum v. glabrum, 2-3 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 387. A. glutinosa, F. Muell. ! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iv. 6. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical East Australia, in the interior, West Australia, | I can find no difference between the western specimens gathered by Cunningham, Mitchell, and others. The pod, however, is only known in the former. 195. A. DICTYOPHLEBA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iii. 198. Glabra, resi- nosa. Phyllodia cuneato-oblonga v. lanceolato-falcata, obtusa, 2-3-pollicaria 2-5 lin. lata, rigide eoriacea, nervis pluribus retique venularum prominulis Paso soc da eas longiuseuli. Calyx breviter dentatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. li. 388. Hab. Tropical Australia : northern interior. o-multinervia. Pedun- Legumen flexuosum, - and in extratropical published as 4. glutinosa and the eastern ones Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 481 196. A. vENULOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 366. Molliter pubescens v. glabra, vix glutinosa: Phyllodia falcato-oblonga v. lanceolata, 2-3-pollicaria, 3-6 lin. lata, rigide plurinervia et venulosa, nervis 3 sepius magis prominulis. Pedunculi cras- siusculi, tomentosi. Sepala basi connata. Legumen lineare, junius pubescens, 1-2-pol- licare, ad 3 lin. latum, valvis ad semina convexis.—Fl. Austral. ii. 388. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 197. A. cYcLoPs, A. Ounn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 404. Glabra. Phyllodia anguste oblonga, sepius recta, obtusa, 14-8- rarius 4-pollicaria, rigide coriacea, 3-5-nervia et venulosa. Pedunculi glabri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen planum, pluripol- licare, 4-6 lin. latum, seepius eurvum v. tortum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 388. Hab. South-west Australia. 198. A, MELANOXYLON, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 8, y. 462. Glabra v. junior minute puberula. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga v. sublanceolata, obtusa v. rarius acutius- cula, 3—4-polliearia, 3-1 poll. lata, coriacea, plurinervia et crebre venulosa. Capitula pedunculata, densissime multiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen elongatum, sæpe valde curvatum, 3—4 lin. latum, marginibus nerviformibus incrassatis.— Wendl. Comm. Acac. t. 6; Bot. Mag. t. 1659; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 630; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 388, A. latifolia, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 2, 207. A. arcuata, Sieb.! (nec Labill.) in Spreng. Syst. iii. 135. A. brevipes, A.Cunn.! in Bot. Mag. t. 3358 (phyllodiis longioribus). Hab. Extratropical and subtropical East Australia. 199. A. 1MPLEXA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 368. Glabra, subglauca. Phyl- lodia lanceolato-faleata, acuminata, 5-6-pollicaria, plurinervia et tenuiter venulosa. Peduneuli tenues. Capitula parvula, densiflora. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen elongatum, curvum v. tortum, 2-3 lin. latum, inter semina contractum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 389. Hab. Extratropical and subtropical East Australia. 200. A. HARPOPHYLLA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 389. Glabra v. junior minute canescens. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, apice angustata et obtusa, 6-8-pollicaria, tenuiter plurinervia et vix venulosa. Pedunculi tenues. Capitula 12-15-flora. Sepala distincta. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. 201. A. EXCELSA, Benth. ! in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 225. Glabra v. junior minute pu- bescens. Phyllodia oblongo-falcata, obtusiuscula, 2-3-pollicaria, 3-2 poll. lata, tenuiter coriacea, 5-7-nervia, vix venulosa. Pedunculi breves, rigiduli. Sepala distincta. Le- gumen rectum, planum, ad 3 lin. latum, vix dehiscens, marginibus tenuiter 2-sulcatis et inter sulcos angustissime carinato-subulatis.—77. Austral. ii. 390. A. Daintreana, F. Muell. ! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iv. 6. Hab. Subtropical East Australia. Very nearly allied to the New-Caledonian A. laurifolia. 202. A. COMPLANATA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 369. Glabra. Ramuli ancipites v. angustissime 2-rarius 3-alati. Phyllodia ovalia v. oblonga, obtusa, 3 R2 482 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THÉ MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, 2-3-pollicaria, 1-1 lin. lata, tenuiter coriacea, nervis 5-9 v. pluribus, paucivenulosa, Pedunculi tenues. Sepala distincta. Legumen planum, curvulum, 3—4 lin. latum, mar- gine superiore nerviformi v. angustissime carinato.— Fl. Austral. ii. 390. . 4. anceps, Hook. ! Ic. Pl. t. 167, non DC. -Hab. Subtropical East Australia. (See also 180. A. Simsii.) ** Insulares, Australie exules. 203. A. HETEROPHYLLA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1054. Glabra v. junior vix puberula. Phyl- lodia elongato-oblonga, rectiuscula, 3-5-pollicaria, 6-9 lin. lata, subcoriacea, hine inde folio bipinnato terminata. Pedunculi crassiusculi. Calyx brevissime dentatus. Legu- men planum, 3-4-pollicare, 3-6 lin. latum, marginibus nerviformibus, vix sulcatis. - Mimosa heterophylla, Lam.! Dict. i. 14, et Journ. Hist. Nat. i. t. 15. Hab. Mauritius and Bourbon. 204. A. Koa, A. Gray! Bot. Amer. Expl. Exped. i. A80. - Glabra v. junior flavescenti- pubescens. Phyllodia seepius longiora et magis falcata quam in A. heterophylla, et legumen paullo latius. Cetera omnia conveniunt et phyllodia variant breviora et latiora. - c | ps 4. heterophylla, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 81; Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 368, non Willd. ex A. Gray. Hab. Sandwich Islands, On comparing specimens, I have still strong doubts whether the Mauritius and Sandwich-Island plants can be distinguished by any constant characters. : 205. A. RıcHEI, A. Gray! Bot. Amer. Expl. Exped. i. 482, t. 53. Glabra. Phyl- lodia lanceolata, acuminata, subfalcata, 13-3-pollicaria, 3-6 lin. lata, tenuiter coriacea, multinervia. Pedunculi filiformes. Capitula parva, glabra. Calyx breviter dentatus. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, planum, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis tenuibus reticulatis, marginibus tenuiter 2-sulcatis inter sulcos acute carinatis. Hab. Islands of the South Pacific, Oldham. ; This species has nearly the foliage and aspect of A. Simsii, folia, from which it is readily distinguished by and apparently the same species in Formosa, with the inflorescence and pods of 4. lauri- its narrow phyllodia, and especially by the calyx. 206. A. LAURIFOLIA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1053. Glabra. Phyllodia ovata oblonga v. late lanceolata, 2-4-pollicaria, 13-3 poll. lata, tenuiter coriacea, multinervia. Pedunculi filiformes. Capitula parvula, glabra. .Sepala distincta, anguste spathulata. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, planum, 6-9 lin. latum, valvis tenuibus reticulatis, marginibus tenuiter 2-suleatis inter sulcos carinatis v. angustissime alatis.— Labill. Sert. Austr.- Caled. t. 68. Mimosa simplicifolia, Linn. f. Suppl. 436. ۱ M. Mangium, Forst. Prod. 75. r Hab. New Caledonia and islands of the South Pacific. ` G. Dimidiatæ. Phyllodia sepius ampla, falcata v. valde obliqua, nervis 9-3 prominulis esa nibus basi juxta marginem inferiorem sepius approximatis v. cum eo confluentibus, ^ Acacia.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. 483 venulis inter nervos reticulatis. Stipule minute v. 0 (nec ut in A. pila spi- nescentes). 207. A. BINERVATA, DC. Prod. ii. 452. Glabra. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga v. lan- ceolata, 3-4-pollicaria, inter nervos 2-3 pennivenia. Pedunculi tenues, ad axillas race- mosi, racemo demum in ramum foliatum exerescente. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legu- men elongatum, planum, tenue, 6-8 lin. latum, intus continuum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 390 A. umbrosa, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 405 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3338. A. dineura, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 130 (specimen fructiferum magis glaucescens). . Hab. Tropical North Australia and extratropical East Australia. It is possible that I may have confounded two species ; but Schultz's Port- Darwin specimens (in flower) closely resemble several of those from New South Wales. F. Mueller's fruiting specimens from the Upper Roper river have a rather different aspect; but I can find no distinctive character. 208. A. LATESCENS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 380. Glabra. Phyllodia fal- cato-lanceolata, obtusa, 6-9-pollicaria, venis inter nervos 2-3 paucis reticulatis v. sub- parallelis. Pedunculi tenues, ad axillas fasciculati. Calyx brevissime dentatus. Legu- men subplanum, 4-5-pollicare, 4 poll. latum, marginibus haud incrassatis, valvis reticu- latis, intus inter semina subseptatum.—FI. Austral. ii. 391. Hab. Tropical Australia : north and north-west coast. The foliage is sometimes nearly the same as in 4. binervata, but the inflorescence and pod very different. 209. A. SERICATA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 380. Glabra glauca v. minute subfarinaceo-puberula. Phyllodia late falcata, obtusa, 3—4-pollicaria, medio 1-13 poll. lata, apice basique contracta, in ramis sterilibus longiora, inter nervos 3—4 di- stantes basi cum margine confluentes reticulata. Legumen planum, glaucum, 3-5-polli- care, 1-13 poll. latum, marginibus anguste carinato-subalatis, valvis tenuibus reticulatis inter semina (pulpa ?) subseptatum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 391. | A. platycarpa, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 145. Hab. Tropical Australia : north and north-west coasts. ^ 910. A. FLAVESCENS, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 381. Junior cano- v. flavescenti-tomentosa, glabrescens. Phyllodia late falcata, acuminata, 4-8-pollicaria, medio 1-3 poll lata, inter nervos 2-3 apice ad marginem glanduliferos reticulata. Capitula breviter pedunculata (subpaniculata ?). Sepala anguste spathulata. Legumen planum, 3-5-pollicare, 2 poll. latum, coriaceum,, reticulatum, marginibus vix incrassatis. — Fl. Austral. ii. 391. Hab. Tropical East Australia. ° 911. A. RETIVENIA, F. Muell. ! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iii. 128. 'Tomento canescente sublanato undique vestita. Phyllodia oblique obovata v. suborbiculata, obtusissima, crassa, 13-2-pollicaria, inter nervos 3-4 reticulata. Pedunculi ad axillas phyllodiorum superiorum multo minorum brevissimi. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 392. Hab. Tropical Australia : northern interior. A84. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Acacia. . Subseries 8. Juliflore: Phyllodia verticaliter compressa v. rarius teretia, in caulem articulata, plurinervia v. rarius 1-nervia, obtusa v. acuta rarius subpungentia. Spice cylindracee, dense v. interrupta, rarius dum sessiles breviter oblonge. This includes all the spicate phyllodineous Acacie except 4. triptera, which has decurrent phyllodia, and a few of the Pungentes, which have no immediate affinity with any of the following groups. Several of the species of this subseries are very difficult to identify without the fruit. This is especially the case with some of the tropical Falcate, which are absolutely undistinguishable as to foliage or flowers, but have different pods. A. Rigidule. Phyllodia plana, recta obliqua v. leviter falcata, sepius obtusa v. mu- crone calloso glanduloso v. curvo terminata, specierum priorum brevia, ultimarum 3-4. pollicaria. Spice dense (excepta A. megalantha). Flores plerique 5-meri. : 212. A. AMENTIFERA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 141. Glabra. Phyllodia ssepe fasciculata, oblique oblonga, obtusa, 2—4 lin. longa, coriacea, enervia v. obscure 2-nervia. Spice sessiles, dense. Sepala distincta, angusta. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 392. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 213. A. Wicknaur, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 377. Glabra, sepe glauca v. resinosa. Phyllodia oblique ovata v. faleato-oblonga, obtusa, undulata, rarius semipol- licem exeedentia, nervis pluribus tenuibus v. 2-3 magis prominulis. Spice peduncu- latze, dense. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen planum, crassum, lignosum, oblique venosum, sub-2-pollicare, supra medium 2 lin. latum.— Al. Austral. li, 392. Hab. Tropical North and North-west Australia. 214. A. LYSIPHLEA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 137. Glabra, seepe resinosa. Phyllodia oblique lineari-oblonga linearia y. oblanceolata, sepius obtusa, 1—1-pollicaria, crassa, rigida, obscure v. prominule 3-5-nervia. Spice pedunculate, tenues, densiflore. Sepala basi breviter connata. Legumen planum, durum, sublignosum, 1-2-pollicare, 3-6 lin. latum, valvis reticulatis.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 393. | Hab. Tropical North and N orth-west Australia. | 215. A. LINARIOIDES, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ.i.371. Glabra v. leviter viscoso- pubescens. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa, 2-1}-pollicaria, ad 1 lin. lata, obscure 1-nervia. Spice tenues, densiuscul«e. Sepala distincta v. basi vix connata. Legumen lineare, curvulum, ad semina 1 lin. latum, inter semina contractum, valvis convexis obscure striatis, marginibus nerviformi-incrassatis.— Fl. Austral. ji. 393. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 216. A. STIPULIGERA, F, Muell. ! cens. Phyllodia oblique falcata, oblonga v. iles, dense, tomentose. Calyx in sepala ; Vix 13 lin. latum, marginibus nervi- Hab. Tropical North-west Australia and northern interior. Acacia. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 485 217. A. PTYCHOPHYLLA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 142. Resinosa, cæterum glabra. Phyllodia oblique oblonga, obtusissima, 1-13-pollicaria, 2-3 lin. lata, rigide coriacea, prominenter 5-9-nervia, inter nervos avenia. Spice pedunculate, dense. Calyx lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 394. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 918. A. STIGMATOPHYLLA, A. Cunn.! Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 377. Glabra v. junior vix cano-pubescens. Phyllodia oblique anguste oblonga v. subfalcata, 13-3-pol- licaria, 3-4 lin. lata, undulata, tenuiter 3-5-nervia, inter nervos longitudinaliter denseque reticulato-venulosa. Spice tenues, subpaniculatee. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen ignotum.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 394. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. | 219. A. UMBELLATA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i, 378. Junior cano- sericea, mox glabrata. Phyllodia oblonga v. late falcata, 2-4-pollicaria, 2-13 poll. lata, coriacea, tenuiter multinervia, nervis 5-9 validioribus, nonnullis interdum basi cum margiae confluentibus. Spice subsessiles, dense. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen falcatum v. rectum, subteres, angustum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 394. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 990. A. LEPTOPHLEBA, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 143. Subglabra. Phyllodia oblique oblongo-faleata, obtusa, 2-23-pollicaria, ad 6 lin. lata, coriacea, undulata, nervis 3 pluribusve, venis anastomosantibus crebris dense parallelis. Spice pedunculate, dense. Calyx profunde lobatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 395. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 921. A. LIMBATA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. ii. 145. Glabra, glauca, ramis acutangulis. Phyllodia oblonga, falcata, 2-3-pollicaria, 4-2 poll. lata, crasse coriacea, nervis pluribus, inferioribus basi cum margine nerviformi confluentibns. Flores ignoti. Legumen planum, durum, glabrum, 13-2-pollicare, supra medium 4 lin. latum, basi con- tractum at sessile, oblique venosum, marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii, 395. Hab. Tropical North Australia. | 299. A. BREVIFOLIA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 395. Glabra, subglauca. Phyllodia oblique oblonga, subfaleata, obtusa, 11-2.pollicaria, 3-2 lin. lata, valde coriacea, pluri- nervia, reticulatim v. subparallele venosa. Spice pedunculate, breves. Calyx sinuato- dentatus. Legumen planum, crassum, sublignosum, 1}-pollicare, fere 4 lin. latum, stipitatum, oblique venosum, marginibus incrassatis. | A. leptophleba, var. brevifolia, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 143. Hab. Tropical East Australia : desert Australia. 993. A. MEGALANTHA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 143. Glabra. Phyllodia late semiovata v. lanceolato-falcata, 2-4-pollicaria, 3-1 poll. lata, coriacea, 3-7-nervia et tenuiter parallele venosa. Spice pedunculatze, longiuscule. Flores subdissiti, alabastris oblongis 2 lin. longis. Calyx dentatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl, Austral. ii. 395. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. ^ The individual flowers are larger than in any other true Acacia known to me. ۳1 486 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Acacia, 224. A. GONOCLADA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 140. Glabra, glauca, ramulis | crassis acutangulis. Phyllodia lanceolato-oblonga, subfalcata, 9-4.pollicaria, 4-8 lin; E lata, coriacea, nervis 2-3 prominulis basi cum margine subconfluentibus, venis crebris | parallelis tenuibus. Spice breves, densze, breviter pedunculate. Calyx breviter den- 1 tatus. Legumen lineare, 1-13-pollicare, 13 lin. latum, planum, tenue, marginibus nervi. formibus.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 396. à ` Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 225. A. PYCNOSTACHYA, F. Muell.! Pl. Vict. ii. 33. | Glabra, subglauca, ramulis : acutangulis. Phyllodia oblongo-lanceolata, obliqua v. subfalcata, 3-, rarius 4-pollicaria, - 3-2 lin. lata, rigidula, tenuiter multinervia, nervis 3-4 subvalidioribus. Spicæ sessiles, ; longiuseule, densiflore. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen anguste lineare, planum, E marginibus incrassatis, maturum ignotum.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 396. ۱ Hob. Extratropical East Australia. Distinguished from the broad-leaved forms of 4. longifolia by the inflorescence and the 5-merous | flowers. 226. A. suBTILINERVIS, F. Muell.! Pl. Vict. ii. 32. Glabra, ramulis teretiusculis. , Phyllodia lanceolata, recta, 2—4-polliearia, 3-6 lin. lata, coriacea, tenuiter multinervia, a costa centrali magis prominula. Spice: densiuscule. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen . ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 396. T Hab. South-east Australia. B. Tetramere. Phyllodia plana, coriacea v. tenuia, recta v. falcata, rarius angustissima et uninervia. Semina longitudinalia. plurinervia v. — Spice sepe laxe. Flores plerique v. omnes 4-meri. E 227. A. COCHLOCARPA, JMeissn.! in Bot. Zeit. 1855, 10. Glabra, lineari-lanceolata, subfalcata, 2-4-pollicaria, 2-4 lin. lata, 5-7 elevata. Spice sessiles, dense. Sepala distincta, angusta. Legumen glabrum, lineare, 2 in spiram cylindraceam densam 4 lin. diametro plurigyrosam contortum, valvis ceterum — planis marginibus nerviformibus.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 897. | Hab. South-west Australia. rigida. Phyllodia -nervia, costa centrali 228. A. DALLACHIANA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. i. 7: angulatis subglaucis. Phyllodia lanceolato-falcata, 3-6-pollicaria, medio sæpe pollicem lata, 2-6-nervia et reticulato-venulosa. Spice sessiles, cylindraceæ, dense. Calyx obtuse dentatus. Legumen lineare, rectiusculum, 2; lin. latum, valvis ad semina con- vexis, inter semina angustioribus planis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 397. Glabra, ramis Hab. South-east Australia. | 229. A. ALPINA, F. Muell. ! Fragm. iii. 129; 4. longifolie, var. Sophore, valde affinis, et forte suadente Muellero (PL Vict. ii. 31) varietas montana, diffusa v. divaricata, phyllodiis late et oblique obovatis 1-13-pollicaribus, spicis brevibus paucifloris. Cetera. conveniunt.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 397. E Hab. South-east Australia, Acacia) |. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 487 230. A. LONGIFOLIA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1052. Erecta, glabra v. junior vix pubescens. Phyllodia late oblonga oblongo-lanceolata v. linearia, recta v. rarius subfalcata, 2- v. pluri- nervia et reticulato-venulosa, nune 2-3-pollicaria, nunc duplo longiora. Spice smpis- sime laxiflore. Calyx brevis, truncatus. Legumen lineare, ssepius pluripollicare, 2-4 lin. latum, valvis ad semina convexis, inter semina ssepius contractis. — Bot. Reg. t. 362 ; Bot. Mag. t. 1827, 2166; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 678; Maund, Botanist, t. 11; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 397. Mimosa longifolia, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 207; Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 62. M. macrostachya, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 61. M. ensifolia, Sm. ex Steud. Acacia obtusifolia, A. Cunn.! in Field, New S. Wales, 345. A. spathulata, ''ausch in Flora, 1836, 420. A. intertexta, Sieb. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 454. Var. sopHor#&. Phyllodia lata, obtusa, 2-3-pollicaria. Legumen sepius crassum, curvum. Mimosa sophore, Labill.! Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 87, t. 237. i Acacia sophore, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 462; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1351. Var. mucronata. Phyllodia angusta, obtusa, 13—-23-pollicaria. A. mucronata, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 68 (nomen tantum); Wendl. Comm. Acac. 46, t.'12, Bot. Mag. t. 9747. A. dependens, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 372, Var. FLORIBUNDA. Phyllodia angusta, 3—5-pollicaria, quam in praecedentibus tenuiora et acutiora. Mimosa floribunda, Vent. ! Choix, t. 13. Acacia floribunda, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1051. A. angustifolia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 763, non Jaeq. A. intermedia, A. Cunn. ! in Bot. Mag. t. 3203. A. decussata, Ten.! Cat. Ort. Napol. 77. A. dissitiflora, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1.371. _ Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 231. A. LINEARIS, Sims! Bot. Mag. t. 2156. Glabra v. junior vix pubescens. Phyl- lodia anguste linearia, nune 4—6-pollicaria nune duplo longiora vix linea latiora, costa prominula addito interdum nervo utrinque altero. Spice longiusculm, laxe. Calyx brevis, dentatus. Legumen lineare, pluripollicare, ad 2 lin. latum.—Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.595; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 399. | A. longissima, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 45, t. 11; Bot. Reg. t. 680. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. From a fruiting specimen just received from Mr. C. Prentice, it is possible that the Brisbane form of A. linearis may be specifically distinct from the common somewhat variable New South Wales one. In flower Cunningham's fine specimens appear almost identical with some of Sieber's and others; but the pod in Prentice's specimen is regularly contracted between the seeds, whilst it is quite continuous in the few New South Wales specimens in which I have seen it perfect. C. STENOPHYLLE. Phyllodia lineari-subulata v. anguste linearia, recía v. curvula, teretia v. crasso-compressa, rarius infra 2 poll. longa. Spice dense v. tenues. Flores sepius 5-meri, v. in speciebus teretifoliis 4-meri. | | * Spice sessiles, sepius breves. 932. A. ACIPHYLLA, Benth.! in Linnea, xxvi. 627. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari-subu- VOL. XXX. 38 488 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ (Acacia, — lata, rigida, pungenti-mucronata, 2-4-pollicaria, teretia, sub lente tenuissime multinervia, _ Spice 3 lin. non excedentes. Flores plerique 5-meri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen E pollieare, 14 lin. latum, durum, inter semina leviter contractum.— F}. Austral. ii. 399. A. leptoneura, var. ? pungens, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 12. ` Hab. South-west Australia. The pod is only known from a single loose valve. 1 233. A. EPHEDROIDES, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 370. Glabra v. junior pubes- |. cens. Phyllodia lineari-filiformia, teretia, 2-6-pollicaria, paucinervia v. obtuse 4-gona, Spice 3-4 lin. longee. Flores plerique 4-meri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen im- 1 maturum angustissimum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 399. 1 A. filifolia, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 369. Hab. South-west Australia. 234. A. BURKITTIL F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 400. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari- " subulata, teretia v. subcompressa, 2-3-pollicaria, striato-multinervia. Spice 3-4 lin. a long®. Flores plerique 4-meri. Legumen ignotum. 1 Hab. Extratropical Central Australia. 235. A. MICRONEURA, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. i. 19. Cinereo-pubescens, mox glabrata, Phyllodia anguste linearia, 2-3-pollicaria, 4-1 lin. lata, rigida, multinervia, costa promi- nula. Spice 3-4 lin. longz. Flores plerique 4-meri. Calyx breviter dentatus. Legu- men ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 400. Hab. South-west Australia. _ 286. A. CYPEROPHYLLA, F. Muell.! Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 400. Cano:puberula. Phyl- lodia lineari-subulata, 6-10-pollicaria, teretia v. vix compressa, sub lente striato-multi- nervia. Spies semipollice breviores. Flores plerique 5-meri. . Calyx breviter dentatus, sepalis demum solvendis. Legumen ignotum, Hab. Extratropical East subcentral Australia: desert interior. 237. A. MULTISPICATA, Benth, ! Fl. Austral. ii. 400. mox glabrata. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, 11-21 nule paucinervia et sulcata. Spicee laxiuscule, Calyx pubescens, breviter lobatus. Ovarium to Hab. South-west Australia. (See also 245. A. brachystachya, RSG ee Junior minute sericeo-pubescens, poll. longa, rigidula, teretia, promi- 3—Ppollicares. Flores plerique 4-meri. | mentosum. Legumen ignotum. Which has sometimes sessile spikes.) - igni ; | ۱ و‎ enervia v. sub lente tenuissime multi- nervia. Spice tenues, densiflora. Flores plerique 5-meri. Calyx profunde lobatus Y. n sepala distincta solvendus. Legumen elongatum, subplanum, 1-12 lin. latum curvum v. tortum, inter semina leviter contractum.— Benth, Fl. Aiteal 11 400 ! ie, | Hab. "Tropical North and North-east Australia : desert Y Ses ‚239. A. XYLOCARPA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 370. Glabra, sub- | viscida. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, 2-4-pollicaria, rigidula, teretia v. curis compressa, 3 Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 489 obscure l-nervia. Spice tenues, densiflore. Flores plerique 5-meri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen subteres v. leviter compressum, 13-3-pollicare, apicem versus 3-4 lin. latum et crassum, basin versus attenuatum, valvis sublignosis striatis, ab apice elastice revolutis, intus inter semina septatum.—F. Austral. ii. 401. A. orthocarpa, F, Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 136. A, tenuissima, V. Muell.! 1. c. 135, phyllodiis longioribus tenuioribus ; legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 240. A. GONOCARPA, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 136. Glabra, junior viscida. Phyllodia plana, angustissime linearia, 14-2- rarius 3-pollicaria, prominule 1-nervia. Spiez tenues, densissime. Flores minimi, plerique 5-meri. Sepala distincta, anguste linearia. Legumen durum, sublignosum, 13-2-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, marginibus ele- vatis aeutangulis, valvis dehiscentia ab apice revolutis, intus inter semina septatum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 401. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 241. A. ONCINOPHYLLA, Lindl.! Sw. Riv. App. 15. Glabra v. leviter viscido-pubes- cens. Phyllodia lineari-subulata, 3-5-pollicaria, ad lineam lata, crassa, rigidula, promi- nule 3-nervia. Spice dense. Flores plerique 5-meri. Calyx lobatus, sepalis subsolütis. Legumen (ez Meissn.) lineare, subtortuosum, 1-13-pollicare, 2 lin. latum, villosulum.— Bot. Mag. t. 4353 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 401. Hab. South-west Australia. 242. A. DREPANOCARPA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. ii. 137. Glabra, junior resinosa. Phyllodia anguste linearia, 2—4-pollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata, costa prominula et utrinque tenuiter 1-2-nervia. Spice tenues. Flores plerique 5-meri Calyx lobatus. Legumen 13-3-pollicare, 11—2 lin. latum, planum, crassum, marginibus crassis, oblique venosum, valvis dehiscentia elastice revolutis.— Benth, Fl. Austral. ii. 402. Hab. Tropical North Australia. | 248. A. ARIDA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 370. Glabra v. tenuiter canescens. Phyllodia anguste linearia, 2-4-pollicaria, 1-2 lin. lata, plana, crassa, obscure 3-nervia. Spicee tenues, dense. Flores minimi, plerique 5-meri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legu- men planum, crassum, fere 4 poll. longum, 3 lin. latum, basin versus attenuatum, valvis sublignosis, dehiscentia elastice revolutis.— Fl. Austral. ii. 402. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 244. A. ANEURA, F. Muell.! in Linnea, xxvi. 627. Minute cano-pubescens, Phyl- lodia anguste linearia, plana, crassa, swpius 1}-3-pollicaria, 1-14 lin. lata, nunc anguste oblonga v. subteretia, sub lente vix obscure multinervis. Spice 4-}-pollicares. Flores plerique 5-meri. Sepala distincta, angustissima. Legumen planum, tenue, 1-13-polli- care, ad 4 lin. latum, basi contractum, marginibus angustissime alatis.—Benth. Fl. Aus- tral. ii. 402. Hab. Extratropical Central and South Australia: desert interior. 945. A. BRACHYSTACHYA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 403. Subglauca v. canescens. Phyl- lodia lineari-subulata, leviter compressa, rigida, sub lente striato-multinervia. Spice s 282 490 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Acacia brevissime pedunculate v. subsessiles, ovoidexe, 2-3 lin. longe. Flores plerique 5-meri, ۰ Sepala distincta, Legumen ignotum. An 4. aneure var. ? Hab. Extratropical Bast Australia : desert interior. D. Falcate. Phyllodia sepius elongata v. ampla, plus minus falcata, apice basique 1 contracta, nervis venisque crebris parallelis, 1-3 pluribusve sepius magis prominulis, 4 tenuioribus sepe anastomosantibus. Spice tenues, sepius densiflore. Flores plerique — 5-meri. : * Legumen ubi notum angustum, seminibus longitudinalibus. . 246, A. CONSPERSA, F. Muell. ! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 140. . Laxe puberula. Stipule : parve, fusce. Phyllodia lanceolata, subfalcata, 2-3-pollicaria, 2-4 lin. lata, 1-3-nervia 1 et crebre parallele venulosa. Flores ignoti. Legumen lineare, rectum v. subfaleatum, _ 12 lin. latum, crassiusculum, valvis duris leviter convexis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 408. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 247. A. DORATOXYLON, A. Cunn.! in Field, New S. Wales, 345. Glabra, cinerascens. 3 Phyllodia elongato-linearia, subfalcata, 4-8-pollicaria, 2-3, rarius 4 lin. lata, crassiuscula, tenuiter multinervia, costa prominula. Spice densiuscule. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. — Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 403. Hab. Extratropieal and subtropical East and Central Australia: desert interior. 248. A. ACUMINATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ.i. 373. Glabra v. junior sericeo- v. aureo-pubescens. Phyllodia elongato-linearia, subfalcata, 3-10-pollicaria, 2-3 lin. lata, | tenuiter multinervia, costa prominula. Spice densiuscule. Flores quam in A. dora- toxylo majores. Sepala facile solvenda. Legumen lineare, 2-23 lin. latum, valvis ad semina convexis, inter semina subcontractum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 404. A. doratozylon, Meissn. ۱ in Pl. Preiss. i. 19, vix A. Cunn. A. Oldfieldii, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. iv. 7. -Hab. South-west Australia. Possibly a western variety only of 4. doratoxylon. 249. A. STEREOPHYLLA, Meissn.! -in Pl. Preiss. ii. 203. Glaberrima. Phyllodia linearia, subfaleata, 3-5-pollicaria, 11—3 lin. lata, crassa, Spieze dense, subsessiles. Sepala distincta v. vix cohzrentia. Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 404. Hab. South-west Australia. 250. A. SIGNATA, F. Muell.! Fragm. Phytogr. Austral.iv.7. Glabra, glauca. Phyl- lodia lineari-lanceolata, 2-5-pollicaria, Obtusa, basi contracta, rigidula, tenuiter multi- nervia. Spice pedunculate. Flores ignoti. Legumen breviter stipitatum, planum, coriaceum, sub- 3-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, ii. 404. - Hab. South-west Australia. The foliage of the last three species is nearly identical, 251. A. DELIBRATA, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Ho pubescens, glabrescens, Phyllodia lineari-lan lin. lata, haud crassa, nervis ad 3 prominulis, ok. Lond. Journ. i. 374. Junior sericeo- ceolata, faleata, 4-6-pollicaria, medio 2-5 pluribusque tenuibus hinc inde anastomo- DPI NOME a GTS ds T 3; EMSS T rigidula, tenuiter multinervia. Legumen ignotum— — marginibus incrassatis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. — Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 491 santibus. Flores ignoti. Legumen sub-3-pollicare, 21-3 lin. latum, valvis planis v. ad semina convexis, marginibus incrassatis.— F7. Austral. ii. 404. Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 252. A. OLIGONEURA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 139. Glabra. Phyllodia anguste lanceolata, falcata, 4-6-pollicaria, 4-3 poll. lata, venis ad 3 prominulis, paucis tenuioribus, venulis reticulatis. Spice pedunculate, tenues, densiflore. Calyx sinuato- dentatus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 405. Hab. 'Tropieal North and North-west Australia. Possibly the same as A. delibrata. ; 253. A. TORULOSA, Benth.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 139. Glabra. Phyllodia lineari- lanceolata, falcata, 4-8-pollicaria, medio 3-4 lin. lata, coriacea, nervis 3-5 prominulis numerosisque tenuibus parallelis. Spies brevissime pedunculate, densiuscule. Sepala distincta v. basi subcoalita, angusta. Legumen pluripollicare, moniliforme, valvis ad semina convexis, 3 lin. latis, inter semina valde constrictis.— F7. Austral. ii. 405. Hab. Tropical North and North-east Australia. The foliage is very nearly the same as that of A. julifera and some others of this series. 254. A. JULIFERA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 974. Glabra excepta inflo- rescentia. Phyllodia anguste lanceolata, faleata, 4-6-pollicaria, medio 3-6 lin, lata, nervis 1-3 marginibusque nerviformibus prominulis, tenuioribus numerosis. Spice dense, breviter pedunculatee. Calyx lobatus, pubescens. Legumen 13-2 lin. latum, spiraliter , contortum, gyris numerosis irregulariter laxis v. in cylindrum brevem confertis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 405. 255. A.SOLANDRI, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 406. Glabra v. junior subsericea. Phyl- lodia anguste lanceolata, falcata, 4-6-pollicaria, 3-4 lin. lata, nervis 1-3 prominulis nu- merosisque tenuioribus parallelis. Spice 2-3-pollicares, tenues, dissitiflore. Calyx truneatus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Subtropical or tropical East Australia. The inflorescence is that of A. linearis, but the 5-merous flowers and the phyllodia those of A. julifera. 956. ? A. LEPTOSTACHYA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 406. Subglabra v. minute cano- y. argenteo-pubescens. Phyllodia linearia v. lanceolata, seepius falcata, 1-2 rarius 3 poll. longa, 1-5 lin. lata, tenuiter et subsequaliter multinervia. Spice tenues, longiuscule, floribus ssepius dissitis. Calyx brevis, truncatus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical East Australia. This may possibly be one of the group with transverse seeds. 957. A. GLAUCESCENS, Willd. Spec. iv. 1052, et Hort. Berol. t. 101. Cinereo-glau- cescens v. junior sericeo-flavescens, rarius ab initio glabra. Ramuli obseure angulati, mox teretes. Phyllodia oblongo-faleata v., lanceolata, 4-6-pollicaria, medio j-1 poll. lata, coriacea, striato-multinervia. Spicæ 1-2-pollicares, densiuscule v.laxiflore. Calyx pubescens, truncatus v. sinuato-dentatus. Legumen lineare, elongatum, ad 2 lin. latum, valde contortum v. irregulariter subspirale.-— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 406. Mimosa glaucescens, Poir. Diet. Suppl. i. 61. M. binervis, Wendl. Bot. Beob. 56, ex ejusd. Comm. Acac. 53. 492 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE ۰ Acacia. Acacia homomalla, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 49, t. 13, ex ic. et descr. A. cinerascens, Sieb. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 454; Bot. Mag. t. 3174 A. leucadendron, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 374. Hab. Extratropical (and subtropical ?) East Australia. 258. A. CUNNINGHAMI, Hook.! Ic. Pl. t. 165, non G. Don. Glabra v. cano-pubescens, E ramulis insigniter acutangulis. Phyllodia faleato-oblonga v. lanceolata, semipedalia et 1 | 1-14 poll. lata v. in ramis sterilibus majora, nervis numerosis parallelis, 3—5 magis pro- A minulis, 1-2 ad basin eum margine confluentibus. Spice longiusculee, dense. Calyx " sinuato-dentatus. Legumen lineare, flexuosum v. contortum, 1-2 lin. làtum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 407. A. longispicata, Benth. in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 298. Hab. Extratropical and subtropical Australia. E 259. A. LEPTOCARPA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 376. Glabra, ra- mulis vix angulatis. Phyllodia lanceolato-falcata, 4-6-pollicaria, medio 4-8 lin. lata, - nervis tenuibus, ad 3 magis prominulis, numerosis tenuissimis parallelis subdissitis rarius F anastomosantibus. Spice 14-2-pollicares, laxiuscule. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legu- men lineare, subrectum, pluripollicare, 13-2 lin. latum, valvis ad semina convexis, inter a semina contractum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 407. | E Hab. Tropical East Australia. 260. A. POLYSTACHYA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 376. Glabra, ra- mulis vix angulatis. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga v. lanceolata, 6-10-pollicaria, medio 1-14 poll. lata, nervis tenuibus, 3-5 magis prominulis, numerosis tenuissimis parallelis sub- dissitis hine inde anastomosantibus. Spice tenues, 1-2-pollicares, laxiuscule. Calyx - sinuato-dentatus. Legumen flexuosum, pluripollicare, 5-6 lin. latum, valvis planis. : | tenuiter coriaceis.—Fl. Austral. ii. 407. i : Hab. Tropical North and East Australia. Phyllodia nearly of A. leptocarpa, but the pod different. 261. A. HOLOCARPA, Benth. ! Fl. Austral. ii. 408. Glabra, ramulis tenuibus teretibus. Phyllodia late falcata 4-5- v. forte 6-pollicaria, medio 4-8 poll. lata, nervis 2-3 promi- nulis numerosisque tenuibus parallelis confertissimis. Spice subsessiles, tenues, densi- flore. Calyx alte lobatus. Legumen elongatum, tenue, subteres, longitudinaliter striatum, - ad 2 lin. diametro. ET : d Hab. Tropical East Australia. The phyllodia are those of A. crassicarpa; but the pod is very different. ehr: A شرا ی‎ REET A ES at ES p di e | ** Legumen ubi notum latiusculum coriaceum v. rarius tenue. v. subtransver su. In most species of this group, as in some of the preceding embedded in a pulp, which in drying forms spurious dissepiments between them. 262. A. PLECTOCARPA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 375. Glabra sep’ que glauca, ramulis acutangulis. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, ee en medio 48 Semina valde obliqua — species, the. seeds appear to have been lin. lata, nervis ad3 prominulis numerosi i EM. : | superiores sæpe panicula rosisque tenuibus parallelis confertis. Spice tenues, t». Calyx minute dentatus. Legumen 13-2-pollicare, 3—4 lin. Acacia.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. - "08 latum, planum v. inter margines rectos undulatum, variat tenuius v. crassius.—Fl. Austral. ii. 408. | Hab. 'Tropical North-west Australia. 263. A. PACHYCARPA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 139. Glabra v. minute glauco-pubescens, ramulis vix angulatis. Phyllodia lineari-lanceolata v. linearia, sub- falcata, 3-10-pollicaria, medio 2-4 lin. lata, coriacea, sub lente tenuissime multinervia, nervis rarius 1-3 conspicuis. Spice tenues, densiuscule. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen 13-2-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum, tenuiter coriaceum, inter margines rectos un- dulatum.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 408, Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. 264. A. TUMIDA, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 144. Glabra, subglauca. Phyl- lodia faleato-oblonga v. lanceolata, 4-8-pollicaria, medio 1-1} poll. lata, nervis 5-9 pro- minulis numerosisque tenuibus parallelis confertis rarius anastomosantibus, Spice tenues, densiflore. Sepala lineari-spathulata, basi breviter connata. Legumen curvum, 14-3- pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, ob valvas valde convexas subteres, intus inter semina septatum. — Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 409. | Hab. "Tropical North and North-west Australia. 265. A. LOXOCARPA, A. Cunn.! Benth. im Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 377. Glabra, sub- glauca. Phyllodia longe lanceolata v. linearia, 3-6-pollicaria, medio 3-6 lin. lata, faleata, tenuiter et confertim multinervia, nervis vix anastomosantibus. Spice tenues, densiflore. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen lineari-cuneatum, supra medium 3 lin. latum, basin versus longe contractum, valvis planis duris oblique venosis, dehiscentia elastice revolutis.—77. Austral. ii. 409. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 966. A. ONCINOCARPA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 378. Glabra v. minute cano- pubescens. Phyllodia lanceolato-falcata, 4-6-pollicaria, medio 6-8 lin. lata, nervis 5-7 tenuiter prominulis, nonnullis basi cum margine confluentibus numerosisque tenuioribus parallelis. Spice tenues, laxiusculz. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen rectum, apice uncinatum, supra medium 4 lin. latum, basi longe contractum, valvis duris planis obli- que venosis.— Fl. Austral. ii. 409. Hab. Tropical North Australia. 1 | 267. A. RETINERVIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 379, excl. legumine. Glabra v. subcanescens. Phyllodia falcato-lanceolata, 3-6-pollicaria, medio 4-6 lin. lata, nervis 3-7 leviter prominulis, venulis sub lente tenuibus longitudinaliter confertissimis et cre- berrime anastomosantibus. Spice tenues, dense. Calyx lobatus. Legumen ignotum. — Fl. Austral, ii. 410. Hab. "Tropical North-west Australia. | 968. A. AULACOCARPA, A. Cunn, ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 378. Canescens y. cinereo-glaucescens, demum glabrata, ramulis subtriquetris. Phyllodia falcato-lan- ceolata, 3-4-pollicaria, medio ad 6 lin. lata, nervis paucis prominulis inferioribus basi cum margine confluentibus numerosisque tenuibus parallelis rarius anastomosantibus. 494 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia, Spice tenues, laxiflore. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen falcato-oblongum, nunc 1-2- pollicare, supra medium 3-2 poll. latum, nunc dimidio majus, basi longe angustatum, valvis planis crassis duris oblique venosis.— FI. Austral. ii. 410. Hab. Tropical East Australia. 269. A. CALYCULATA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 379. Glabra v. cinereo- glaucescens, ramulis complanatis acutangulis. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga, 2-3-pollicaria, ad 6 lin. lata, crassiuscula, nervis paucis tenuiter prominulis, numerosisque tenuissimis confertim parallelis vix anastomosantibus. Spice tenues. Calyx pubescens, sinuato- dentatus. Legumen immaturum ei A. aulacocarpe simile, planum, durum, oblique venosum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 410. ( Hab. Tropical East Australia. 270.-A. CRASSICARPA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ.i. 379. Glabra v. sub- — canescens, ramulis teretiusculis. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga, 5-8-pollicaria, 1-2 poll. lata, nervis nonnullis prominulis basi cum margine confluentibus, numerosisque tenuissimis parallelis vix v. non anastomosantibus. Spice tenues, laxiuscule. Calyx sinuato-den- tatus. Legumen oblongum, 2-3-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum, basi obliquum, valvis planis crassis duris oblique venosis.— FV. Austral. ii. 410. Hab. Tropical North and North-east Australia. 271. A. AURICULIFORMIS, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 377. Glabra, glauca. Phyllodia falcato-oblonga, 5-8-pollicaria, 1-2 poll. lata, erebre parallele venu- losa, nervis nonnullis basi cum margine confluentibus ut in 4. crassicarpa. Flores ignoti. Legumen durum, 6-8 lin. latum et oblique venosum, valde contortum v. irre- gulariter subspirale, margine exteriore sepe profunde. sinuato.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 411. Hab. Tropical North and North-east Australia. Evidently near the New-Caledonian A. spirorbis ; and possibly rather varieties only of one species. 272. A. SPIRORBIS, Labill. ! Sert. Austr. Caled. 69, t. 69. Glabra, subglauca. Phyl- lodia falcato-oblonga v. lanceolata, 3—4-pollicaria, 3-6 lin. lata, coriacea, tenuissime mul- tinervia. Spies elongate, laxe. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen 4-6 lin. latum, vix venosum, irregulariter spirale, marginibus continuis. Hab. New Caledonia. ; E. Dimidiatæ. Phyllodia ampla, lata, valde obliqua v. falcata, bus inter se distantibus, basi plus minus ad v. reticulato-pennivenia. nervis 3-5 prominenti- prope marginem confluentibus, inter nervos 273. A. LATIFOLIA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. acutangulis. Phyllodia oblique ovato-rhombea v. fal nervis 3-5 basi confluentibus. § Legumen (immaturum) planum, — Fl. Austral. ii. 411. Hab. Tropical North Australia. i 382. Glabra, glauca, ramulis further specimens may show them to be cata, 3-6-pollicaria, 14-2 poll. lata, pice laxe. Flores plerique 4-meri. Calyx truncatus. marginibus nerviformibus, 2—4-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum. 7 | | | ۱ | | | | | | | iti ae ee ai hhh a a ت ی کت‎ NIE A A rn ME T EN eee ee i a oa * td MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. E. 495 274. A. HOLOSERICEA, A. Cunn.! in G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 407. Canescens v. sericeo- pubescens, ramulis angulatis. Phyllodia oblique ovali-oblonga, 4-10-pollicaria, 1-4 poll. lata, nervis 3—4 basi confluentibus. Spice longs, densiuseule. Flores plerique 5-meri. Calyx breviter lobatus. Legumen longe lineare, 2-2} lin. latum, valde contortum v. subspirale.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 411. , A. neurocarpa, A. Cunn.! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 168. sich Hab. Tropical Australia, from North-west to North-east. 275. A. MANGIUM, Willd. Spec. iv. 1053, ad ic. et descr. Rumph. Herb. Amb. iii. 123, t. 81. Phyllodia quoad formam et venationem iis 4. holosericee similia, majora 13-pedalia. Legumen lineare, intricato-contortum. Czetera ignota. Mimosa laurifolia var. Mangium, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 62. Hab. Island of Amboyna (Laytimor) and adjacent islands Oma and Harocha, Rumphius. This tree is only. known from Rumphius’s figure, taken from a leafy branch without flowers or fruit, gathered in the main island of Amboyna, and from his few descriptive notes of the tree, which, he says, is common in the little islands of Oma and Harocha, all which agree perfectly with the A. holosericea, except in the size of the phyllodia, which, he says, attain a foot and a half in breadth (length ?), whilst among numerous Australian specimens I have seen none much above half that length. The larger ones, however, may not have been gathered by collectors. If the Amboyna tree should really prove to be identical with the Australian one, Willdenow's name will have to be preferred. 276. A. DIMIDIATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 381. Cano-puberula v. sub- glabra, ramulis vix angulatis. Phyllodia oblique ovato-rhombea, 3-4 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata v. in ramis sterilibus duplo majora, nervis 4-5 basi confluentibus. Spice 1-2- pollicares, densiuscule. Calyx in sepala distincta facile solvendus. Legumen rectius- culum, 2-6-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis convexis.— Fl. Austral. ii. 412. A. dolabriformis, A. Cunn.! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 169 non Wendl. Hab. Tropical North and North-west Australia. 377. A. HUMIFUSA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 382. Diffusa v. pro- strata, molliter pubescens. Phyllodia oblique ovato-rhombea v. suborbicularia, 13-2-poi-. licaria v. in ramis sterilibus duplo majora, nervis 3-5 basi confluentibus. Spice sessiles, oblong, densiflore, semipollice breviores. Calyx lobatus. Legumen rectiusculum, subteres, 14-3-pollicare, 23-3 lin. latum, pubescens, valvis coriaceis.— Fl, Austral. ii. 412. | Hab. Tropical Australia, from North-west to North-east. Series 2. BOTRYOCEPHALE. Timer Stipule minute v.0. Folia bipinnata. Capitula globosa, racemosa, ra- cemis axillaribus v. in panieulam terminalem dispositis. Legumen ubi notum planum, seminibus longitudinalibus, funiculo plicato apice oblique dilatato. Species omnes Australienses. 978. A. ELATA, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 383. Junior aureo-sericea, VOL, XXX. ; 27 496 > MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia. demum glabrescens. Pinn® 2-4-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, lanceolata, acute acuminata, - 1-2-pollicaria. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 413. Mimosa terminalis, Salisb. Prod. 325 ? ex char. nimis brevi. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 279. A.PRUINOSA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 383. Glabra, glauca. Pinne 2-4- rarius 5-juge; glandula petiolaris prominula, a pari inferiore pinnarum | distans ; foliola 12-20-juga, oblonga v. linearia, obtusa v. vix acutiuscula, semipollicaria v. paullo longiora. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Austral. ii. 413. A. schinoides, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 383. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 980. A. SPECTABILIS, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 383. Glabra, glauca 3 y. ramulis hirtellis. Pinne 2-4-juge; glandula petiolaris ad pinnarum par infimum — depressa v. obscura; foliola 4-8-juga, obovato-oblonga, obtusissima, 4-6 lin. longa, eras- 3 siuscula. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, elaueum.— Bot. Reg. 1843, t. 46; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 413. A. chrysobotrys, Meissn. Ind. Sem. Hort. Basil. 1842, ex char. in Walp. Rep. ii. 906. Hab. Extratropical and subtropical East Australia. 981. A. POLYBOTRYA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 384. Pubescens. Pinne 2-9- jug»; glandula ad basin petioli ; foliola 6-10-juga, anguste.oblonga, obtusa, crassiuscula, costa margini approximata. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Austral. ii. 414. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 282. A. DISCOLOR, Willd. Spec. iv. 1068. Glabra v. pubescens. Pinn® 2-4-jug®; foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa v. acuta, 3—4 lin. longa, rigidula, subtus pallida. Capitula 6-15-flora. Legumen 1-3-pollicare, 5-6 lin. latum.— Bot. Mag. t. 1750; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 601; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 414. Mimosa discolor, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 235. M. paniculata, Wendl. Bot. Beob. 57. M. botrycephala, Vent. Jard. Cels. t. 1. Acacia botrycephala, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 3, 300. A. maritima, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 384. A. Sieberiana, Scheele in Linnza, xvii. 337. A. angulata, Desv. ! Journ. Bot. 1814, iii. 68. Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. 288. A. DEOURRENS, Willd. Spec. iv. 1072. Glabra v. tomentoso-pubescens. Pinn® ٤ 8-15-jug&, rarius 5-6-jugz ; foliola multi- (30-40- v. pluri-)juga, linearia, 2-5 lin. longa. - Legumen 3-4-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, inter semina ssepius contractum.— Benth. M Austral. ii. 414, ۱ E Mimosa decurrens, Wendl. Bot. Beob. 57; Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 61. Acacia sulcipes, Sieb. Pl. exs. A. adenophora, Spreng. Syst. iii. 140. Var. MOLLIS, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. t. 371. Partes novella pube flavescente v. aurea tomentose. A. mollissima, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1053; Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 12, Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 497 284. A. DEALBATA, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. 445. Omnia A. decurrentis var. mollis, nisi partes juniores glauco- v. cano-pubescentes nec flavescentes et legumen quoad notum tenuius, 4-5 lin. latum, inter semina vix constrictum.— Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1928; Benth. Fl. Austral. 11. 415. A. irrorata, Sieb. ! in Spreng. Syst. iii, 141 Hab. Extratropical East Australia and Tasmania. | ` This, the Silver Wattle, is regarded as quite distinct from A. discolor by Tasmanian botanists. F. Mueller, from the continental forms, unhesitatingly unites it with that species. The pod appears to be different in the two species; but it has been observed only in far too few specimens to judge of the constancy of the . character. 285. A. CARDIOPHYLLA, A. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 985. Pubescenti- hirta. Pinne 12-15-jugs, breves; foliola 6-10-juga, ovato-subcordata, 3-1 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Austral. ii. 415. Hab. Extratropical East Australia: desert interior. Readily known by the minute leaflets. 286. A. LEPTOCLADA, A. Cunn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 385. Glabra v. glau- cescens et hinc inde hispidula. Pinne 3-4-jugw; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga, coriacea, 4-11 lin. longa, Capitula parva, hispida. Sepala distincta. Legumen ignotum.— Fl, Austral. ii. 416. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. 987. A. PUBESCENS, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 467. Hirsuta. Pinnw 3-10- juge ; foliola 6-20-juga, conferta, linearia, obtusa, 1-2 lin. longa, seepius glabra. Capi- tula glabra. Calyx sinuato-dentatus. Legumen non vidi.—-Maund, Botanist, t. 48; Reichb. Ic. et Descr. Pl. 5. 73; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 416. Mimosa pubescens, V ent. J ard. Malm. t. 21; Bot. Mag. t. 1263. Hab. Extratropical East Australia. Series 3. PULCHELLE. Frutices inermes v. rarius spinis axillaribus (peduneulis mutatis) armati, nec aculeati. Folia bipinnata. Capitula globosa v. rarius spice cylindracew, ad axillas pedunculata. Legumen planum, rectum v. falcatum. Species omnes Australienses. * Semina longitudinalia. Capitula globosa. 988. A. PULCHELLA, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 464. Glabra v. pilis patenti- Spin: axillares tenues, rarius desunt. Pinnz 1-juge; 1-2 rarius 3 lin. longa. Calyx sinuato-den- —Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 212; Part. May. bus conspersa v. hirsutissima. foliola 4-7-juga, obovato- v. lineari-oblonga, tatus. Legumen 1-2-pollicare, 13-23 lin. latum. iv. 198, cum ic.; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 416. ^4. denudata, Lehm. ! Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 21, glabra, foliolis paucis. A. fagonioides, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 387, glabra v. vix pubescens, foliolis paucis. A. grandis, Henfr. in Gard. Mag. Bot. iii. 177, cum ie. in Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 154 repetita, glabra, foliolis numerosioribus. A. hispidissima, DC. Prod. ii. 455; Bot. Mag. t. 4588 (ic. in Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 160 repetita), hirsu- tissima, foliolis angustis. ; 3 ۲ 2 498 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, | A. lasiocarpa, Benth.! in Hueg. Enum. 43; hirsuta, legumine villoso. A. cygnorum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 388, eadem, foliolis minoribus. Hab. South-west Australia. 289. A. MITCHELLI, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 387. Pubescens, inermis. — Pinne 2-3-juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, oblonga, obtusa, crassiuseula, 1-2 lin. longa. Sepala - distincta v. basi connata. Legumen 1-2-pollicare, 23-3 lin. latum, marginibus nervi- formibus.—7. Muell. Fl. Vict. ii. t. Suppl. 12; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 417. : Hab. South-east Australia. 290. A. PENTADENIA, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. t. 1521. Glabra, inermis. Pinns 2-5-juge; ; foliola 20-30-juga, oblique ovata v. subrhombea, 1-2 rarius 3 lin. longa. Calyx breviter | dentatus. Legumen 1-13-pollicare, 2-23 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis, valvis duris — elastice revolutis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 417. | A. biglandulosa, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. ii. 205. . Hab. South-west Australia. 291. A. GILBERTI, Meissn.! in Pl. Preiss. ii. 204. Glabra, inermis. Pinne unijuge; | foliola 4-6-juga, oblique oblonga, 4-6 lin. longa. Flores 4-meri, in capitulo pauci. Calyx " truneatus. Legumen planum, coriaceum, sublignosum, 3 lin. latum, marginibus latis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 417. Hab. South-west Australia. ** Semina transversa. Capitula globosa. Inermes. 292. A. NIGRICANS, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 465. Glabra. Pinn® 1-2- jugæ; foliola 5-10-juga, obovato-lanceolata v. lineari-oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa. Flores 5-meri, in capitulo numerosi. Calyx truncatus. Legumen planum, 1-14-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis, valvis duris elastice revolutis.— Bot. Mag. t. 2188; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 313; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 418. Mimosa nigricans, Labill.! Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 88, t. 238, non Vahl. Acacia rutefolia, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 444. Hab. South-west Australia. 293. A. OBSCURA, A. DC.! Not. 6, Pl. Rar. Jard. Gen. 23, t. 3. Pubescens v. hir suta. Pinne 1-2-, rarius 3-juge. Foliola 5-10-juga, ovata oblonga v. linearia, 2-3 rarius 4 lin. longa. Flores 9-meri, in capitulo 12-15. Calyx truncatus. Legumen planum, pollicare, 3 lin. latum, marginibus incrassatis, valvis elastice revolutis.— Bent Fl. Austral. ii. A18. | A. cycnorum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4653, ic. in Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 322 A. Preissiana, Lehm. Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1849. Hab. South-west Australia. repetita. 294. A. STRIGOSA, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 444. Pubescens hirsuta v. rarius su glabra. Pinnæ 2-juge, rarius 1-juge ; foliola 1—4-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 1-2 lin. long Flores 5-meri, in capitulo 12-15. Legumen planum, marginibus incrassatis, polli are, 3 lin. latum, valvis elastice revolutis.— Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 418 - A. ciliata, R. Br.! in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 3, v. 465, non Willd. s Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 499 A. Browniana, Wendl. in Flora, 1819, 139. A. Endlicheri, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 21. Hab. South-west Australia. *** Semina transversa. Spice cylindracee. Imermes. 295. A. DRUMMONDII, Lindl.! Swan Riv. App.15. Tenuiter cano-pubescens. Pinne 2-juge ; foliola 2-6-juga, oblongo-linearia, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice +1-pollicares. Calyx pubescens, lobatus. Legumen subpollicare, ad 8 lin. latum, glabrum v. pubescens, mar- ginibus incrassatis.— Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 378; Bot. Mag. t. 5191; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 419. A. Candolleana, Meissn. ! in Pl. Preiss. ii. 206. Hab. South-west Australia. Amongst Maxwell’s specimens there appear to be a small-flowered variety, and another with short, almost ovoid spikes, the specimens of both insufficient for correct determination. Series 4. GUMMIFERE. Frutices v. arbores, stipulis nonnullis v. omnibus spinescentibus, ceterum inermes. Folia bipinnata. Pedunculi monostachyi, axillares, subfasciculati v. ad apices ramorum subracemosi, rarius panieulati. Capitula globosa v. spice cylindracem. Legumen varium. | When the spines or prickles are developed, the three series, Pulchelle, Gummifere, and Vulgares, are readily enough distinguished: the first have abortive peduneles converted into spines, the second have their stipules spinescent, in both cases without prickles; and the Vulgares have infrastipular or scattered prickles without spines. But the majority of the Pulchelle are entirely unarmed ; they are, however, all Australian, with a peculiar bushy habit. Of the Gummifere, it is very rare to see a specimen with the hardened or prickly stipules entirely undeveloped; and I believe the A. choriophylla is the only one in which I could not at first detect them, and hesitated whether to refer it to the Gummifere or to the Vulgares ; but even here I have found a few minute pungent pointed stipules. Several of the Vulgares are occasionally, and perhaps one or two species entirely, without prickles ; but these are tropical or sub- tropical American, and not likely to be confounded with the Australian Pulchelle. On the other hand the spinescent stipules of the Gummifere, when recurved or dilated at the base, as in A. Mauroceana, require to be very carefully distinguished from the infrastipular prickles of some of the Vulgares. Subseries 1. Summibracteate. Bractee exteriores in involucrum annulare dentatum connate, ad apicem pedunculi capitulo arcte approximatum v. parum distans. Capitula globosa. Legumen crassum, turgidum v. rarius planum, non v. vix dehiscens, intus pulpa ». substantia suberoso-spongiosa semina segregante farctum. The species of this group, especially the ۰ farnesiana, have been proposed as a distinet genus by Wight and Arnott under the name of Vachellia, by Gasparrini under that of Farnesia, by E. Meyer under that of Aldina, and have been more or less taken up as a genus or subgenus by several others. But they are very unnaturally separated from other Gummifere ; and a nearly similar pod, the only character relied on, occurs in some of the Australian Phyllodinee. Grisebach includes in his section Vachellia the A. arabica, which has the pod quite continuous inside. * Americane v. Cosmopolitan. 296. A. PENNATULA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ i. 390. Tomentoso-pubescens v. 500 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia, sublanata. Spine stipulares minores conico-subulate ad 2 lin. longs, auctee semipolli- cares basin versus valde dilatats». Pinn» 20-60-۵۵۵۵ ; foliola 20-30-juga, conferta, 2-13 lin. longa. Legumen pubescens v. demum glabratum, oblongum, rectum v. vix curvum, 27-33-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum, crassissimum, continuum. Inga pennatula, Cham. et Schlecht. ! in Linnea, v. 593. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Schiede and Deppe, Graham, Hartweg, Bourgeau, n. 2912; Sumichrast, n. 1770; Nicaragua, (Ersted. 297. A. MACRACANTHA, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1080. Pubescens v. rarius glabra. Spine stipulares minores tenues, auctz 1-3 -pollieares parum dilatatee teretes v. rarius angulatee v. supra concave. Pinne 10-60-juge; foliola 20-30-juga ; sepius conferta, 2-13 rarius 2 lin. longa. Legumen brevissime pubescens, subteres v. crasso-compressum, longitudinaliter (demum obscure) retieulato-venosum, rectum v. curvum, continuum v. partim v. undique moniliforme, 2-4 poll. longum, 3-6 lin. latum. — Kunth, Mim. t. 28; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 221. Mimosa lutea, Mill.! Dict. n. 18. M. macracantha, Poir. Diet. Suppl. i. 78. Acacia flecuosa, Humb. et Bonpl. ! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1082 (glabrior). Mimosa flexuosa, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 79. Acacia obtusa, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1087 (pubescens). Mimosa obtusa, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 82. A. punctata, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1084, ex char. ét descr. A. Humboldtii, Desv. in Ham. Prod. Pl. Ind. Occid. 60. Mimosa atomaria, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 81. Mimosa pellacantha, Meyen!, Reise, i. 445 (pubescens). Acacia pellacantha, Vog. in Pl. Meyen. 45 E A. macracanthoides et A. subinermis, Bert.! in DC. Prod. ii. 463 (gla brescentes) . A. aroma, Gill. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 206 (subglabra) A. microcephala, Macfad. Fl. Jam. i. 316 (glabrescens). Hab. Tropieal and southern subtropieal America, chiefly western and near the sea, sent by very numerous collectors. J amaica, Vera Cruz, and Central America, Galapagos Islands, Caraccas, and Santa Marta; Guayaquil, Lima, and other parts of the western coast, Bolivia, Weddell, D' Orbigny, n. 493, Mandon, n. 7 55, Tucuman, Tweedie, San Juan, Gillies. I have followed Grisebach in unitin differences in indumentum, in the s cordance in these characters, or any Constancy in any of them. The enlargement of the spines is now * cantha, however, they appear to be in some specimens rather slender ur ae) na زو و‎ Fuel ln Lt A A a UL U RET NET SS Acacia, | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 501 extratropical specimens, or A. aroma, Gill., are more perfectly glabrous ; but I can detect no other differ- ence. Some of the Jamaican specimens are remarkable for the great length of their leaves and the increased number of pinnules, the leaflets remaining the same ; but this, again, appears to be only a difference in degree, without any aecompanying character. With regard to the pod, it is in some specimens regularly moniliform, much contracted between every seed, and flat, in others quite continuous and terete, without any contraction, making it very difficult to conceive that the two can belong to one species; but in other specimens even these chara ble; times the same pod is moniliform in a portion of its length, continuous in the remainder; and the flat pods (as in Prosopis juliflora) appear to be the unripe state, or sometimes an imperfectly developed although ripe state. Many specimens are also, as usual, without any pod; and I have been quite unable, in that state, to sort them into distinct varieties. Mimosa indica, Poir. Dict. Suppl. 1. 80, from a specimen in the Munich herbarium, from the Jardin des Plantes of Paris, appears to be the 4. macracantha ; but the flowers and fruit being unknown, it must at any rate be erased from the list of species. 1 298. A. COCHLIACANTHA, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1081. Minute cano- tomentella, glabrescens. Spice stipulares minores tenues, auctee ¿-1-pollicares, valde dilatatee, lanceolato-concave. Pinne 8-20-juge; foliola 10-25-juga, conferta, linearia, 4-14 lin. longa. Pedunculi filiformes. Legumen ignotum.— Kunth ! Mim. 93, t. 29. . Mimosa cochliacantha, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 78. Hab. Tropical America: Guayaquil, Herb. Pavon, Humboldt and Bonpland. Very near the slender varieties of A. macracantha ; but the flower-heads are much smaller, on very slender peduncles ; and the flowers are said to be white, besides the peculiar form assumed by the enlarged spınes. a cymbacantha, Zuccar.! in. Herb. Monac., from Mexico, Karwinski, may be the same species with very much larger spines, at least 1 in. long and 4 in. broad. 299. A. TORTUOSA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1083. Pubescens v. glabriuscula. Spine crassæ, auctæ teretes pollicares longioresque. Pinnæ 3-8-jugæ; foliola 10-20-juga, linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Legumen brevissime pubescens, subteres, 3-4-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, rectum v. curvum, continuum v. moniliforme, obscure longitudinaliter venosum. Mimosa tortuosa, Linn. Spec. 1505. M. salinarum, Rohr ! in Herb. Banks. non Vahl. Acacia albida, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1317, non Del. Acacia leucacantha, Berter. in Spreng. Syst. iii. 144. . Prosopis microphylla, H. B. et K., Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 308, ex descr. Hab. Tropical America: Jamaica, Danish Islands, Grsted ; Venezuela, Fendler ; Guayaquil, Hartweg and others; Galapagos, Darwin, Scouler ; Costa Rica, (Ersted; Mexico, G. J. Graham, Aschenborn, Emory's Expedition, n. 329, and others; but several of the Mexican specimens uncertain for want of the pod. ya The foliage approaches that of some forms of A. farnesiana, but is more rigid, with larger and fewer leaflets; the pod is nearer to that of A. macracantha. 300. A. PLATYACANTHA, Schlecht. in Linnea, xii. 565. Aculei stipulares gemini, non connati, triangulares, subrecti, fusci. Pinnæ 5-6-jug®; foliola 12-15-Juga, pubescentia, lineam longa. Petiolus glandulosus. Stipellse in pinnarum rhachi sap ae Rg axillaria, pedunculata, cum staminibus 6 lin. diametro. Corolla lineam a gu- men 3—4 poll. longum, 3 poll. latum, fere glabrum, crassiusculum, carnosum, indehiscens 7, seminibus septis interstinctis. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Mineral del Monte, Ehrenberg. 502 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia. T have not seen this species ; the fruit, as described, and most of the characters are those of A. tortuosa, in which, however, the stipular spines are always more or less confluent at the base. 301. A. ATRAMENTARIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 392. Glaberrima, glau- cescens. Spine valide, majores (in speciminibus suppetentibus) vix semipollicares, Pinne 2-7-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Legumen glaberrimum, glaucum, curvum, crasso-compressum, 3—4-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, valvis demum con- vexis, oblique sublongitudinaliter venosis. Prosopis astringens, Gill.! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 204. Hab. Extratropical South America: Mendoza and San Juan. The foliage is that of the glabrous forms of A. tortuosa ; but the pod appears to be sufficiently different to characterize it as a distinct species. 302. A. FARNESIANA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1083. Glabra v. puberula. Spin tenues, teretes, minores 2—4 lin., auct: semipollicares v. paullo longiores. Pinnæ 2-8- vulgo 4-5- jugæ ; foliola 10-25-juga, linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Legumen oblongum cylindraceum v. fusiforme, crassum, turgidum, rectum v. curvulum, glabrum, 2-3-pollicare, 1—3 poll. latum et crassum.— Benth. Fl. Bras. Mim. ; Fl. Austral. ii. 419 و‎ Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii, 346 ; . Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 52. Mimosa farnesiana, Linn. Spec. 1506. Vachellia farnesiana, Wight et Arn. Prod. Fl. Penins. 272 ; Wight, Ic. t. 300. Farnesia odora, Gaspar. Descr. Nuov. Gen. Leg. 1836, cum ic. Mimosa scorpioides, Forsk. Fl. Mg. p. lxxvii., nomen tantum. Acacia pedunculata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1084. Mimosa pedunculata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 81. 4. edulis, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1056. A. acicularis, Willd.! Enum. Hort. Berol. 1056. A. leptophylla, DC.! Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 74; Prod. ii. 472, absque fl. et fr. A. lenticellata, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 147. Hab. Widely spread over the tropieal and subtropical regions of the New and the Old World, but so generally cultivated for the perfume of its flowers and so frequently esta- blished as an escape from cultivation, that it is difficult to determine where it is really indigenous. It appears, however, to be so in Western America, from northern Chili to Texas, not, perhaps, in Brazil nor in Guiana; abundant in tropical and subtropical northern-central Australia, and in the interior of north-eastern Australia, and perhaps also really indigenous in south tropical Africa, but introduced only into East India, northern tropical Africa, and the Mediterr anean region. A. Burmanniana, DC. Prod. ii. 461, insufficien tly described from two erroneously referred to A. tortuosa and to A. | specimens which Burman had cesia, is most probably referrible to A. farnesiana. 303. A. CAVENIA, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 21. Vix ab A. farnesiana distin- guenda foliolis vix semilinea longioribus et legumine breviore, et verisimiliter illius spectet varietas.— Colla, Pl. Chil. t. 12, in Mem. Acad. Torin. xxxvii: Benth. Fl. Bras. Mim. | Mimosa cavenia, Molin. Hist. Chil. 163. A. aromatica, Popp. Pl. Exs. n. 177. A. adenopa, Hook. et Arn. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 206. Acacia] | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 503 Hab. Extratropical South America: Buenos Ayres and Chili, and apparently also in the Mexicano-Texan region, passing perhaps gradually into the normal form of A. far- nesiana; but the specimens seem insufficient for precise determination, and probably the whole 4. cavenia will ultimately be referred as a variety to A: farnesiana. 304. A. ACUIFERA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 496. Glabra. Spine tenues, minores brevissime, auctee rectze subulate 1—j-pollieares. Pinn® 1-jug® ; foliola 10-12- juga, oblonga, obtusa, nitidula, 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen valde arcuatum v. circinatum, glabrum, immaturum crassum, turgidum, 1 lin. latum.— Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 222. Hab. Bahamas, Swainson; Turk's Island, Hjalmarsen. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-6 lin. longus, glandula stipitata. Pinnæ 1-1}-pollicares. Foliola rigi- dula, costa subcentrali prominula. Pedunculi folio subzequilongi. Capitula iis A. farnesiane minora. Flores glaberrimi, nitiduli. Corolla calyce duplo longior. Stamina corolla duplo longiora, filamentis interioribus basi irregulariter connatis, 305. A. CHORIOPHYLLA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 495. Glabra. Spine minime v. 0. Pinnz 1-2- rarius 3-juge. Foliola 3-5-juga, oblongo-elliptica v. ovalia, obtu- sissima, 4-1-pollicaria, nitidula. Legumen oblongo-faleatum, glabrum, turgidum, 2-pol- licare, 2 poll. latum.— Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 222. Hab. Bahamas, Swainson. Specimina siccitate nigrescunt. Stipule acumine minuto pungente vix conspicuse, v. interdum omnino deesse videntur. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-1-pollicaris, glandula depressa obscura. Foliola 4-6 lin. lata, costa subcentrali subtus prominula. Pedunculi fascieulati, crassiusculi, subpollieares. Bractew connatz, iis praecedentium similes, ad apicem pedunculi site. Capitula densissima, ad 3 lin. diametro. Bractex in capitulo anguste lineares, apice spathulate. Legumen eo A. farnesiane brevius et latius, pulpa ut videtur more praecedentium farctum. a Go ا‎ ** Africane. 306. A. GIRAFFE, Willd. Enum. 1054. Spine auctee seepe valide longee, albe v. fusces- centes. Folia glabra; pinnse 1-6-juge ; foliola 8-15-juga, lineari-oblonga, 24 lin. longa, obtusa, rigide coriacea. Legumen ovatum v. oblongum, demum turgidum, ar- cuatum v. rectiusculum, cano-tomentosum, 3-4 poll. longum, 2-1 poll. latum.— Burch. ! Trav. ii. 240; Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 280. A. erioloba, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 171. Háb. Extratropical South Africa: towards Namaqualand, where. it is more than any other species known under the name of Camelthorn. I had at first thought that E. Meyer's plant might be distinguished by its more slender whiter thorus and probably by the pod ; but I now find that the pod is said to be tomentose also in the original species. Burchell gives a very good figure of the general aspect of the tree; and a branch with a pod are very well figured in the plate of a Lozia in Paterson’s Travels. | 307. A. SIEBERIANA, DC. 7 Prod. ii. 465. Pallida v. glaucescens, glabra v. subtomen- uct® albe. Pinnæ 10-30-juge; foliola 20-40-juga, oblongo-linearia, tella. Spine a | obtusa, rigidula, 13-2 lin. longa. Legumen rectum v. curvum, glabrum, 6-7-pollicare, ad 3 poll. latum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 347. A. flexuosa, Sieb. ! Pl. Seneg. Exs. n. 43. | A. Sing, Guill. et Perr. ! Fl. Seneg. 251. Hab. Western tropical Africa. VOL. XXX. 504 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. [ Acacia, Very near the more glabrous forms of the American A. macracantha, but with whiter spines, a paler more rigid foliage, and much broader and thicker glabrous pod. The annular bract is often a little below the summit of the peduncle. 308. A. HAMATOXYLON, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1056. Cano-tomentosa. Spine auctee long, tenues. Pinnge 8-19-juge, vix 4 lin. longe ; foliola 18-24-juga, imbricata, obtusa, vix 1 lin. longa. Legumen lineare, falcatum, demum subtereti-tomentosum, 3-4 lin. latum.— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 280. A. atomiphylla, Burch.! Trav. i. 341. ۱ Hab. Extratropical South Africa. A species readily known by the minute crowded leaflets. Subseries 2. Medibracteate. Bractee exteriores in involucellum annulare dentatum connate, in medio pedunculo paullo altius v. inferius situm, persistens v. caducum, rarius deficiens. Capitula globosa, rarius ovata. Legumen sepissime (interdum tardius) bivalve, intus continuum ù. valvis subplanis inter semina clausum, nec farctum. A. Heteracanthe. Spine minores (interdum rare) plus minus recurve ; aucte sepius . numerose recte. Legumen maturum sepe turgidum, v. subteres. Pedunculi axillares. * Legumen rectum, v. curvulum, latiusculum. 309. A. HEBECLADA, DC.! Cat. Hort. Monsp. 73; Prod. ii. 461. Piloso-hispidula. Spinz minores subulato-conice recurve, auctze pauce v. plereeque recte. Pinnæ 3-7- juge ; foliola 7-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 13-2 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo v. inferius, caducum y. obsoletum. Legumen rectum v. obliquum, crassissi- mum, 23-6 poll. longum, 1 poll. latum, flavescens, oblique venosum, valvis turgidis crasso-coriaceis.— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 280; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 348. A. stolonifera, Burch. ! Trav. ii. 241. Hab. Subtropical South-central Africa. 310. A. MAUROCEANA, DC. ! Cat. Hort. Monsp. 74; Prod. ii. 461. Tenuiter cano- pubescens. Spine minores aculeiformes recurve, aucte pauce rectz. Pinne 3-8- juge ; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi caducum. Legumen immaturum planum, pubescens, 3-pollicare, 5 lin. latum, valvis crasso-coriaceis. : | Mimosa mauroceana, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. 181 ex DC, 3 Hab. Extratropical North Africa: Morocco, Desfontaines. | Only known from garden specimens, of which I have not seen the ripe fruit. 311. A. Evenworrnm, T. Anders. ! Fl. Aden. 18, in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. Suppl. Cano- puberula. Spine minores pauce subrecurve, plerzeque auctee recta, valide 3-1-polli- cares, teretes. Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga, ad 2 lin. tiga. 3 Involu- cellum supra medium pedunculi v. 0 (caducum ?). Legumen turgidum, v. subteres, curvum, cano-tomentosum, 3-4-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, obscure td ran tardius dehiscens. ۳3 A. erioloba, Edgew.! in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xvi. 1215, non E. Mey. Hab. Arabia: Aden, Edgeworth, T. Thomson, T. Anderson, and others. Acacia] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE. 505 . 812. A. REFICIENS, Wawra et Peyr. Sert. Beng. 15. Canescens demum glabrata. Spine minores recurve, aucte desunt. Pinne 3-4-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, oblonga, 23-3 lin. longa, glabra, glauca. Involucellum prope basin pedunculi. Legumen rectum v. eurvulum, compressum, obsolete puberulum, 3-33-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, obscure venosum, bivalve.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 348. Hab. South-west tropical Africa, Wawra, Welwitsch. 1 have not seen the specimens. ** Legumen angustius, sepe tortile. 313. A. PLANIFRONS, Wight et Arn.! Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. 276. Subglabra. Spine minores recurvee, auctee longee rectee alba subulatze v. inflate. Pinnæ 5-6-jugse ; foliola 10-12-juga, linearia, obtusa, 1-13 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi tenuis persistens. Legumen turgidum v. subteres, contortum, glabrum, 4-6 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian peninsula. Occurs in many old collections as Mimosa eburnea. See the note under Acacia eburnea. - 314. A. LITAKUNENSIS, Burch.! Trav. ii. 452. Puberula. Spine minores uncinato- recurve, auetz in speciminibus desunt. Pinne 4-6-juge; foliola 9-13-juga anguste oblonga, obtusa, 1-14 lin. longa. Involucellum prope basin pedunculi eaducum v. 0. Legumen tortile, ad 3 lin. latum, valvis convexis tenuiter venosis.—Harv. et Sond. Fl. . Cap. ii. 283. | i | Hab. Subtropical South-central Africa, near Litakun, Burchell; also in Baines's colleetion. 3 315. A. HETERACANTHA, Burch.! Trav. i.389. Molliter tomentoso-pubescens. Spine minores uncinato-recurve, auctæ rectæ, albze, 1-2-pollicares. Pinnæ 5-10-juge ; foliola 10-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, rigidula, 1-13 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium v. prope basin pedunculi caducum ۲, 0. “ Legumen lineare."— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 280. : | si Hab. Extratropical South Africa : Vaal river, Burchell, Shaw. I have not seen the pod; there are none on Burchell's specimens. za -316. A. sPIROCARPA, Hochst.! A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 239. Pubescens. Spinse minores recurve, auctee rectee 1-24-pollicares. Pinnz 4-10-juge ; foliola 1-15-Juga, oblon go- linearia, 4-13 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi minimum v. interdum deficiens. Legumen elongatum, contortum, tomentosum, demum turgidum, 34 lin. latum.—Sehweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 322, t. 4-6; Oliv. TL. Trop. Afr. ii. 352. pets ` Hab. Tropical and subtropical North-east Africa: Abyssinia, Nubia, Sennaär and Cordofan. | > | | : i : A. gummifera Delile Fl. Eg. Illustr. ex ejusd. Pl. Caill. 21, may ig Np 2 d ig is " $ pres ti i Mimosa gummifera, Forsk., mention: name oniy A. spirocarpa. Delile's name was taken from the Mz pt fcm i 1 1 J he A. Fl. Æg. Arab. p. exxiv, and certainly not the same as t ; j ; E. Pia Bolle in Pet. Mossamb. Bot. 4, which is unknown to me, 18 believed by Oliver to be ide itl i ui ver, is unknown. near to if not identical with 4. spirocarpa. The fruit, owever, oi : potero tortilis, Forsk. Fl. ۰ Arab. 176, mast be either A. spirocarpa or A. tortilis; the character given is insufficient for determination. _ T ET 312 506 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE E. [ Acacia. 317. A. TORTILIS, Hayne, Arzneig. x. f. 31. Glabra. Spine minores recurve, auct® rectze, 1-2-pollieares. Pinnse 2-6-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa. Involucellum medium versus pedunculi. Legumen anguste lineare, falcatum v. contortum, planum, glabrum, valvis coriaceis.— Nees, Pl. Offic. t. 335; Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 327; Oliv. Fl. Trop Afr. ii. 352. ۱ A. fasciculata, Guill. et Perr.! Fl. Seneg. 252, non H., B. et K. A. Raddiana, Savi, Acac. Egiz. 1, fide Schweinf. A. Perrottetii, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Hab. Tropical and subtropical North-east Africa, Senegambia, Nubia, and Egypt, also in Arabia. | | B. Moniliformes. Spine omnes recte v. minores rarius recurve. Pedunculi axillares. Legumen coriaceum v. subcarnosum, planum, inter semina regulariter plus minus con- strictum v. sinuatum, articulis (haud solvendis) orbiculatis v. quadratis. 318. PA. Wreurr, Baker in Hook. Fl. Ind. ined. Glabra. Spine minores conice, auctz valide, fuscee, 2-pollicares longioresque. Pinnæ 1-3-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 3-5 lin. longa, pennivenia. Involucellum infra medium peduneuli persistens. Legumen ignotum. : . Hab. Tropical Asia. Indian Peninsula, sea-coast, Tinivelly, Wight. The affinities of this species must remain uncertain till the fruit {s known ; but it appears to be nearly allied to 4. arabica, differing chiefly in the size and venation of the leaflets. ; 319. A. ARABICA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1085. Glabra y. tomentoso-pubescens. Spine minores recte v. rarius recurve, auctze demum eburner, pollicares longioresque. Pinne 4-8-juge, rarius 1-3-juge ; foliola 10-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 2—3 lin. longa, ünineryia. Involucellum in medio pedunculo persistens. Legumen glabrum v. cano- tomentosum, planum v. ad semina convexiusculum, inter semina seepius constrictum, 4—7- pollicare, 4-8 lin. latum.— Hayne Arzneig. x. t. 32; Nees, Pl. Offic. t. 333; Schweinf. ! in Linnea, xxxv. 335 ; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 350; Bedd. FL Sylv. t. ۰ Mimosa arabica, Lam. Dict. i. 19 ; Roxb.! Corom. Pl. t. 149. M. nilotica, Linn. Spec. 1506. ` Acacia nilotica, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 2, 208; Nees, xxxv. 833. _ 1 A. vera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1085 ; Hayne, Arzneig. x. t. 34. A. Adansonii, Guill. et Perr.! Fl. Seneg. 249. | Mimosa adstringens, Schum. et Thonn. ! Beskr. Guin. Pl. 327. Hab. Tropical Africa and Asia: generally distributed o i i | extending through Afghanistan to the Indian peninsula. ade dr SRM uU Pl. Offic. x. 382; Schweinf. in Linnea, | à, has always the extremities e legume white-tomentose, rather deeply indented ıs rather less pubescent, more hoary, and the pod : ۳ transverse furrows between the p ws adstringens, according to the notes I took at Copenhagen in 1846, differs from 4 Adansonii g NEUF: | :; ( 3 qe PAUSE =, aes he AS Se ee ih he Acacia.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 507 spines being somewhat recurved. In a variety from Natal, which I had named Kraussiana, the short spines are still more recurved, the pod sometimes like that of A. Adansonii, but in other specimens more deeply indented, and sometimes nearly glabrous, or narrower. The Indian form is in most respects like the typical A, arabica, but more glabrous, the pod always hoary or white. The A. nilotica or A. vera, from Egypt and Nubia, is quite glabrous, the pod green and usually very deeply indented, the one-sceded orbicular articles resembling flat beads, connected by narrow isthmuses; but the indentations of the pod are as inconstant as in A. macracantha; and I have seen, in two or three other cases, one portion of the pod as little indented as in 4. Adansonii, and another portion of the same pod as deeply so as in A, nilotica. ۱ ` A. pseudo-arabica, Blume, of uncertain origin, is very imperfectly described by Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. i. part i. 8, from a very bad specimen, which he thinks may prove to be a variety of A. arabica, or of A. Seyal. ۱ 320. A. Kırkıs, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 350. Subglabra. Spine minores rectee uti folia et flores A. arabice. Legumen glabrum, 4-6 lin. latum, inter semina leviter con- strictum et transverse depressum, articulis medio valde elevatis late conico-tuberculatis. Hab. South-tropical Africa: Highlands of the Batoka country, Kirk. The great tubercular thickening of the pod over éach seed may not prove to be more constant than the other variations in the pod of 4. arabica, to which in that case this plant would be referred as a variety. C. Thyrsiflore. Spine omnes recte. Inflorescentia foliis floralibus minimis v. abor- tientibus ad apices ramorum racemosa. Legumen continuum, rectum v. curvum, valvis coriaceis planis v. convexiusculis. 321. A. HORRIDA, Willd. Spec.iv.1082. Glabra. Spins minores conicee v. subulatee, auctee eburnex, 1-4-pollicares. Pinnæ 1-3-, rarius 4-juge ; foliola-5-12-juga, oblongo- linearia, obtusa, 2-5 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo persistens. Legu- men 4-6-pollicare, 3—4 lin. latum, planum, incurvum, glabrum, continuum v, sinuatum. — Harv.! et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 281. ` Mimosa horrida, Linn. Spec. 1505. M. eburnea, Hort. Par. !; Boj.! Hort. Maurit. 115, et Hortul. plur, vet. non Linn. f. M. leucacantha, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iii. 75, t. 393. ; M. nilotica, Thunb. Fl. Cap. 432, non Linn. | | Acacia capensis, Burch. Trav. i. 195 (ic. 189) ; Colla in Mem. Acad. Torin. xxxv. 175. A. Karroo, Hayne, Arzneigew. x. t. 33. | ; E Hab. Extratropical South Africa: Cape colony ; naturalized in Mauritius. Burchell adopted the name of A. capensis for this species, supposing it to be the Mimosa capensis, Burm. Fl. Cap. Prod. 27, which it probably is. Burmann, however, gives the name only, referring to Plukenet's plate 123. f. 2, which is evidently made up of several different plants, as the phrases he quotes refer to very different species. Linnzus refers to the same plate for his Mimosa reticulata, Mant. oe but adds to it the description of a plant from the Upsala garden, with a flat reticulate pod, “ palmaris in length, and “ semipalmaris ” in breadth, which is totally at variance with the narrow turgid ا‎ anae by Plukenet. Willdenow, in characterizing his Acacia reticulata, Spec. 1. MN copies Esas rel: ences and description, adding, however, the v. s., but without reconciling the discrepancies. The Linnean herbarium does not contain the M. reticulata; and in Willdenow’s the A. reticulata is represented by a specimen which, according to Walpers, in Linnea, xiii. 542, is identical vith his A. Giraffe. It becomes, therefore, necessary to reject both the 4. reticulata and A. capensis, as being made up of different species, 1 ۰ ۰ ? y ^ but with the A. horrida as their principal basis. 508 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Acacia, 322. A. NATALITIA, E. Mey. ! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 167. Glabra. Spine minores conice, aucte rare, rectz, 1-2-pollicares. Pinnæ 4—7-juge, rarius 2-3-juge ; foliola 12-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo persistens. Legumen lineare, curvum, complanatum, glabrum, sub-4-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, valvis obscure venosis.— Harv. etSond. Fl. Cap. ii. 281. Hab. Extratropieal South-west Africa, Natal district. 323. A. GERRARDI, Benth., sp. nov. Tomentoso-pubescens. Spinz minores brevissime conice, auctee ignotz. Pinnz 6-10-jugz ; foliola 15-25-juga, linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, supra nitida, subtus pallida. Involucellum infra medium v. prope basin pedunculi. Legumen areuatum v. eireinatum, cano-tomentosum, ad 4 lin. latum, valvis planis crasse coriaceis subaveniis. Hab. Extratropical South-east Africa; Natal district, W. F. Gerrard, n. 1702. ` Habitus fere A. arabice, inflorescentia A. horride accedens, Stipule crasse, conice, subconnate, tomentose, pungentes, in speciminibus vix 2 lineas excedentes. Foliorum petiolus communis 2-3-polli- caris, pinnze 1-1} poll. longe. Pedunculi ad nodos fasciculati, pollicares, in racemum terminalem aphyl- lum dispositi. Capitula multiflora. Calyx ciliatus. Petala duplo saltem longiora, glabra. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, plana, funiculo longiusculo apice non incrassato. 324. A. AMYTHETHOPHYLLA, Steud.! A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 245. Puberula v. gla- brescens. Spine minores minimz, auctee desunt et Sepe omnes obsolete. Pinne 12-20-jugee ; foliola 30-50-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-23 lin. longa, glabra. Involucellum in medio pedunculo persistens. Legumen lineari-oblongum, planum, 4-6-pollicare, 7-8 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis nitidis obscure venosis.— Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 360; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 346. 0 Hab. North-west tropical Africa : Abyssinia, Schimper. D. Pubiflore. Spine omnes recte. Pedunculi axillares. Flores tomentoso-pubes- centes. Legumen cortaceum, continuum, curvum. ۱ 325. A. TOMENTOSA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1087. . Velutino-tomentosa. Spinze minores conicee, tomentose, aucte valide, 1-2-pollicares, ssepius fuscæ. Pinne 10-12-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, anguste linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Involucellum nune in medio pedun- culo, nune multo altius, rarius inferius, persistens. Legumen complanatum, curvum, cano-puberulum v. glabratum, 4-6-pollicare, 4-5 lin, latum, valvis tenuiter coriaceis demum ad semina convexis obscure venosis. = | Mimosa Kleinii, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 82. M. tomentosa, Rottl. ! in Ges. Nat. Fr. Berlin, N. Schr. iv. 208. . Acacia chrysocoma, Miq. ! Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 6. Hab. Tropical Asia : Bengal, Java, Ceylon, and perhaps the ada $ | l can find no difference between the Javan specimens published by Miquel as 4, chrysocoma and the, 326. A. LASIOPETALA, Oliv. ! FI. Trop. Afr. ii. 346. Cano- v. subflavescenti-tomen- toso-pubescens. Spine minores conic®, aucte semipollicares, valide, tomentose. Pinnze MUN SAME OM SERIEN TREO a رو‎ Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE X. 509 14-22-juge. Foliola 20-30-juga (v. plura?). Involucellum infra medium pedunculi parvum, eaducum, v. 0. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical South-west Africa: Shiré river, Kirk; also in Baines’s collection. There are fragments of what appears to be another species of Acacia with globular silky-pubescent flower-heads from the same region, but insufficient for description. E. Normales. Spine omnes recte. Flores glabri v. parce puberuli. Legumen rectum v. arcuatum, valvis membranaceis v. tenuiter coriaceis (excepta A. Bidwilli) planis v. demum convexis sepissime oblique reticulato-venosis. * Australienses. 327. A. SUBEROSA, 4. Cunn.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 499. Mirtella. Spine tenues. Pinne 1-2-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, oblongo-linearia, rigidula, 1-2 lin. longa. Legumen complanatum, crassiusculum, pubescens, ad 3 poll. longum, 3-6 lin. latum, valvis convexis coriaceis. Semina pubescenti-lanata.— FI. Austral. ii. 420. ‘Hab. Tropical North-west Australia. This species is as yet but very imperfectly known. 398. A. BIDWILLI, Benth. ! in Linnea, xxvi. 629. Glabra. Spins minores minute v. obsolete, aucte vix 3 lin. longe. Pinne 15-20-juge; foliola 15-25-juga, oblonga, obtusa, rigida, vix lineam longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo deciduum. Legumen rectum, glabrum, 3-6-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis convexis coriaceis. Semina glabra. — Fl. Austral. ii. 420. Hab. Tropical North and North-east Australia. 329. A. PALLIDA, F. Muell. 1 in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 147, pro parte. Glabra, pallida v.subglauca. Spine crassiuscule, breves v. obsolete. Pinne 3-10-juge ; foliola 10-20- juga, oblonga, coriacea, 3—4 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo deciduum. Legumen ignotum.—Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 421. Hab. Tropical North Australia. ** Africane platycarpe. 330. ? A. GUMMIFERA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1056. Glabra. Spine auctee teretes, 3-}-pol- licares. Pinn® 1- rarius 2-juge; foliola 3-10-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 1-2 lin. longa. Flores ignoti. (Spice ovales v. oblong® dicuntur.) Legumen curvum, subplanum, tomentosum, 4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum.— Hayne, Arzneigew. x. t. 28. Mimosa gummifera, Brouss. in Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 164. ` Hab. Extratropical North Africa: Morocco. =~ yu I only know this from Hayne's figure, taken from a specimen In leaf only, and a loose pod in \ ill denow’s herbarium, and from specimens gathered in South Morocco by Dr. Hooker and by Messrs. Rein and Fritzsch, all in leaf only. It remains, therefore, very uncertain whether the species should be placed i mongst the spicate Gummifere. in the present group, of which it has the aspect, or amor id: ees Desf, Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 3, 207, raised from Morocco seeds, and only known in leaf, is probably a luxuriant form of the same plant. A. cassioides, Willd. Enum. Hort. ee Free vd garden plant only known in leaf, may be referrible to A. gummifera, or perhaps to A. horrida. e speci- mens I have seen have, like the former, but one pair of pinnz, but longer leaflets. 510 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia, 331. A. ROBUSTA, Burch.! Trav. ii. 442. Glabra. Spine minores valide, conice, auctee eburnex, 2-3-pollicares. Pinne 2-4-juge; foliola 8-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi persistens. Legumen | stipitatum, planum, rectum v. eurvulum, glabrum, 2-3-pollicare, 6-9 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis.— Oliw. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 349; Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 281. Hab. Tropical and subtropical South Africa, Burchell, Welwitsch. 332. A. CLAVIGERA, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 168, Glabra. Spine minores brevissimze, conicse; auctee desunt. Pinne 2-4-jug®. Foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo- linearia, obtusa, coriacea, 3-5 lin. longa. Flores ignoti. Pedunculi fructiferi breves. Legumen subsessile, lanceolatum, curvum, crassum, complanatum, glabrum, sub-4-polli- care, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis convexiusculis rigide coriaceis obscure venosis. Hab. Extratropical South-east Australia: Natal district, Drage. I had formerly thought that these were fruiting specimens of A. natalitia; but some since received, with the narrow pods of A. horrida, are a better match to the typical flowering ones of 4. natalitia. 333. A. VERUGERA, Schweinf. ! in Linnea, xxxv. 340, t. 9, 10. Glabra, pallida. Spine minores minimee v. obsolete, auctee tenues, teretes, 2—4-pollieares. Pinnæ 7- -8-j ugs; foliola 20—30-juga, lineari-oblonga, obtusa, rigidula, 1-2 lin. longa. Involucellum ad medium pedicelli v. altius, minimum. Legumen stipitatum, rectum, vix venosum, 3-6- pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum, valvis coriaceis crassiusculis.—Oliv.! Fl. Tr ‘op. Afr. ii. 354, Hab. Tropical North-east Africa. The fruit is described from Abyssinian specimens, which appear to belong to the same species as the Nubian flowering ones. 334. A. ABYSSINICA, Hochst.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. y. 97. Molliter pubescens v. glabrata. Spin: (omnes ?) breves v. ad stipulas innocuas v. minutasreductz. Pinne 6-30-juge ; foliola 20—40-juga, linearia, obtusa, 11-2 lin. longa, v. in ramis sterilibus majora. Involucellum infra medium v. prope asia peduneuli persistens. Legumen rectum v. subfaleatum, glabrum, longitudinaliter retieulato-venosum, 3-5- -pollicare, 8-9 . lin. latum, valvis coriaceis convexiusculis. —Olw.! Pl. En Afr. ii. 347 ; Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 320. A. ziphocarpa, Hochst.! Benth. in Kor Lond. Journ. v. 96. Inga Nefasia, Hochst.! in A. Rich, Fl. Abyss. i. 237. Albizzia Nefasia, Walp. Ann. ii. 457. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa. 335. A. TRISTIS, Welw.; Oliv. in Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 349. Cinereo-pubescens. Spine 2 minores conice, aucte elongate, teretes. Pinn» 6-11-juge. Foliola 10-18-juga, li- nearia, acutiuscula, 2-2} lin. longa. Invólucellum infra medium v. prope basin pedun- culi, Legumen rectum v. leviter curvum, complanatum, basi contractum, tomentoso- pubescens, 4—6-pollicare, vix semipollicem latum, obscure venosum, in speciminibus vix maturum. Hab. Tropical South-west Africa: Angola, specimens. 336. A. ETBAICA, Schweinf.! in Linnea, XXXV. rectæ interdum obsoletæ, auctæ desunt. Welwitsch. 1 have not myself seen the BORES Op Spine minores Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 14-30-juga, oblonga, 1 juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 511 obtusa, erassiuscula, 1-13 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio peduneulo persistens. Legumen rectum v. leviter curvum, complanatum, glabrum, 13-83-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis venosis.—Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 349, A. ziphocarpa, Hochst.! in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. n. 1057 nec n. 522. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa: Nubia and Abyssinia. Oliver unites with this species a Benguela plant of Welwitsch’s with the short spines recurved. We have not now the specimens before us for further comparison. 336*. A. XANTHOPHLGA, Benth. sp. nov. Glabra v. pilosula. Spine minores conice, aucte valide, teretes, 2-8-pollicares. Pinnse 6-10-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, ad 2lin.longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi e bracteis 1-2 majusculis. Legumen tenuiter stipitatum, planum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, marginibus carinatis, valvis tenuibus subtransverse reticulatis, Hab. Tropical South-east Africa: Senna on the Zambesi, Kirk; Zomba at the east end of Lake Shirwa, Mello; the former specimens in fruit, the latter in flower, but apparently belonging to the same species. <“ Arbor procera, gummifera, cortice flavo, ligno molli. Folia pilis paucis conspersa. Glandula scutellata inter pinnas paris ultimi et interdum prope basin petioli, sepeque parvi inter foliola parium paucorum. . Pedunculi axillares, 1-1}-pollicares. Involucelli bractea seepius obliqua, linea paullo longior. Flores in capitulo glabriusculi. Legumen stipite venatione et carina prominula ab omnibus affinibus diversum." 337. A. NUBICA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i.498. Glabra v. junior pubescens. Spinz minores parve, conic®, sepius tomentose ; auctee rectee, subsemipollicares, rarius subrecurvee brevioresque. Pinne 3-12-jugm; foliola 6-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, sub- glauca, 2-3 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi persistens. Legumen subsessile, rectum v. vix curvum, 2-3-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, marginibus acute carinatis v. anguste alatis, valvis coriaceis convexiusculis,— Schweinf. in Linnga, xxxv. 937; Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 348. A. Aucheri, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 499. A. pterygocarpa, Hochst. !; Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 96. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa and probably Arabia, province Mascate, A ucher. Mimosa Orfota, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 177, from Dakhi, must be very near A. nubica. The stipular spines are described as being as long as the leaves, whilst in A. nubica they are usually very short. The short character in other respects agrees with A. nubica. *** Indice, altera platycarpo, allera stenocarpa. 338. A. JACQUEMONTI, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 499. Glaberrima. Spine minores pauce, auctæ eburneæ teretes, 1-3-pollicares. Pinnw 24-juge; foliola 5-10- 1-13 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo cadu- cum. Legumen longe stipitatum, rectum, glaucum, 2-3-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis planis tenuissime venosis. . : Hab. Tropical Asia: plains of Upper India and Punjab. 339. A. EBURNEA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1081. Villosula v. glabrata. Spine minores tenues, rectz ; auctee eburneze, ssepe incrassatze, 1-2-pollicares. Pinnz 2-4- rarius 6-8- juge; foliola 6-10-juga, conferta, obtusa, 3-1 lin. longa. empires in medio YOL. XXX. x 512 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE 0 ۰ [ Acacia, peduneulo caducum. Legumen stipitatum, planum, curvum, glabrum v. glaucum, 2-5- pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, valvis tenuibus vix venosis. Mimosa eburnea, Linn. f. Suppl. 437; Roxb. Corom. Pl. ii. 54, t. 199 (excl. leg.?). Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian peninsula and Upper India. Perhaps also Aden in Arabia ; but the specimens from thence are not in fruit and are therefore doubtful. A. Rozburghii, Wight and Arn. Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. 276, was founded on Roxburgh's M. eburnea, who figures the pod (detached) as twisted like that of A. planifrons, but flat (not turgid) like that of A. eburnea. It would appear that Roxburgh had confounded the two species. The specimen of Roxburgh's in the Banksian herbarium mentioned by Arnott cannot now be found there ; and I have not seen the A. Camp- 3 bellii, Arn. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xviii. 333, which, according to T. Thomson, is the same species. The 1 flowering branch figured by Roxburgh appears to me without doubt to represent the true A. eburnea ina — very young flowering state. | **** Africane stenocarpe. 340. A. SEYAL, Delile. Fl. Eg. 142, t. 52. f. 2. Glabra v. puberula. Spine minores breviter conicze, auctee demum eburnez, tenues, 1—3-pollicares, basi interdum insectorum ictu inflate. Pinnze 3-9-juge ; foliola 8-20-juga, lineari-oblonga, 14-22 lin. longa. In- 3 volucellum infra medium pedunculi caducum. Legumen curvulum y. subtortum, planum, _ glabrum, 3-6-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis longitudinaliter venosis.— Schweinf.! in Linnea, xxxv. 348; Nees, Pl. Offic. t. 336; Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. i. 351; Hayne, Arzneik. x. t. 30. 4. Giraffe, Sieb.! Herb. Seneg. n. 45 non Willd. Hab. Tropical Afriea, ranging over the greater part of the region, extending perhaps to Arabia and southern Palestine, but the specimens uncertain for want of the fruit. a Var. fistula, cortice albo, foliolis 8-4 lin. longis.— Oliv. ! 1. c. E A. fistula, Schweinf.! in Linnea, xxxv. 344, t. 11-14. 4 Hab. Tropical North-east Africa. 341. A. EHRENBERGIANA, Hayne, Arzneik. Gew. x. t. 99. Glabra y. puberula. Spine — tenues, aucte ultrapollicares. Pinne 1- rarius 2-juge. Foliola 8-10-juga, oblonga, 1 obtusa, 1-13 lin. longa. Involucellum infra medium pedunculi caducum. Legumen | lineare, falcatum, usque ad 43 poll. longum, 2-3 lin. latum, inter semina sinibus latis contractum.—Schweinf. ! in Linnea, xxxv. 352, t. 15, 16; Oliv.! FI Trop. Afr. ii. 352. — A. Ehrenbergii, Nees, Pl. Offic. t. 334. | a Hab. Tropical North-east Africa: Nubia and Abyssinia. E : 342. A. STENOCARPA, Hochst.! A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. 1.238. Glabra v. minute pube- " rula. Spine minores recte, brevissimz y. obsolete ; aucte pauce, valid, semipollicares. - 1 : Pinnæ 4-10-jugee ; foliola 10-20-juga, linearia, acutiuscula, 1-22 lin. longa. Involu- — cellum medium versus y. prope basin pedunculi caducum. Legumen lineare, planum, curvum, 2—4-pollicare, ad 2 lin. latum, inter semina non contractum, valvis tenuiter lon- gitudinaliter venosis —Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 355, t. 17, 18; Olio.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 951. A, Giraffe, Hochst.! in Pl. Schimp. Abyss. Hab. "Tropical North-east Africa: Nubia and Abyssinia, Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE E. 513 948. A. HIRTELLA, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 167. Hirtella. Spine tenues, minores brevissimze v. obsolete, auctæ subsemipollicares. Pinns 6-8-jugs. Foliola 10-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-14 lin. longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo ca- ducum. Legumen stipitatum, lineare, planum, subfaleatum, 2-3-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, inter semina late contractum, glabrum.—Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 281. Hab. Extratropical South-east Africa: Natal district. **** Boreali-Americane, stenocarpe. 344. A. CONSTRICTA, Benth.! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 06. Subglabra. Spine minores tenues, rectz v. subrecurvao, auctee rectee, valide, subsemipollicares. Pinnie 2—6-jugse ; foliola 6-10-juga, oblonga, obtusa, vix lineam longa. Involucellum in medio pedunculo parvum. Legumen stipitatum, lineare, planum, 2-5-pollicare, 13-2 lin. latum, inter semina distantia contractum, valvis tenuiter venosis. Hab. Extratropical North America: Mexicano-Texan region. 345. A. ScHorrit, Torr.! Bot. Emory Exped. 62. Canescens v. pallida. Spine minimie v. 2-3 lin. long, rectee. Pinn® 1-juge; foliola 3-5-juga, alterna, lineari-teretia, ad 2 lin.longa, quam rhaches non latiora. Involucellum in medio peduneulo cadueum. Legumen stipitatum, lineare, curvulum, 2-4-pollicare, ad 3 lin. latum, inter semina di- stantia contractum. - Hab. Extratropical North America: Mexican-Texan boundary. F. Paniculate. Spine omnes recte. Capitula breviter pedunculata, secus ramos panicule ample terminalis aphylle numerosa. 346. A. LEUCOPHLGA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1083. Tomentella v. demum glabrescens. Spinz minores conieze brevissimze v. 0, aucte (rare) fuscæ, 1-2-pollicares. Pinnæ 5-12- jugs; foliola 12-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2—4 lin. longa, rigidula. Involucellum in medio peduneulo caducum. Legumen lineare, curvum, complanatum, tomentosum, 4—6-pollicare, 34 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis marginibus elevatis.— Brand. For. Fl. t. 27; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 48. Mimosa leucophlea, Roxb. Corom. Pl. ii. 27. t. 150. Mimosa. alba, Roxb. ex Rottl. in Ges. Nat. Fr. Berl. Neue Schr. iv. (1803) 208. Acacia alba, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 68 (nomen tantum). A. densa, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5262. A. microcephala, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5263. ۱ A. explanata, Jungh. Reise, 260, ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 9. A. melanochetes, Zoll. in Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. iii. 72 ex Miq. l. c. Hab. Tropical Asia; from the Peninsula and Punjab to Burmah and the Archi- hores 1. c. gives his A. ferruginea as a synonym of M. alba, Roxb. ; but the species described as A. ferruginea, Rottl., by Sprengel, must be quite different, and is probably correctly referred by Arnott to the A. pennata. | bas ۱ 4 347. A. ARCUATA, Dene. ! Herb. Tim. Descr. 133. Precedenti simillima et vix nisi varietas stipulis seepius obsoletis et legumine glabro. - Hab. Timor Island. is * 514 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia. Subseries 3. Basibracteate. Pedunculi ima basi bracteis parvis stipati, ceterum. ebracteati. Spice cylindracee v. elongate, rarius globose. Legumen bivalve. * Pycnanthe Americane ; flores in capitulo globoso v. spida oblonga densissime imbricati regulariter spirales. 348. A. SPHEROCEPHALA, Cham. et Schl.! in Linnea, v. 594. Glabra. Spine minores tenues, 1-2 lin. longs; auctee 1-13-pollicares, inflatee, albse, basi connate et ad 3 lin. late. Pinnæ 6-8-rarius multi-juge ; foliola 10-20-juga, linearia, 2-4 lin. longa. Capi- tula globosa. Legumen ignotum. | Mimosa cornigera, Linn. Spec. 1505, pro parte. Acacia cornigera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1080, pro parte. Mimosa campechiana, Mill. Dict. n. 21, ex char. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico and Central America; also Porto Bello, Billberg. The A. cornigera of botanical gardens has been most frequently this species. 349. A. SPADICIGERA, Cham. et Schl.! in Linnea, v. 594. Glabra. Spine minores . tenues; auci 13-pollicares, inflatee, livide, basi connate, i poll. late. Pinn» 2—4- rarius 6-S-juge; foliola 15-20-juga, linearia, 3-5 lin. longa. Spice eylindracex, den- sissime imbricatee, 6-9 lin. long. Legumen sessile, obliquum v. falcatum, crassum, glabrum v. vix tomentellum, 13-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum. : Mimosa cornigera, Linn. Spec. 1505, pro parte. ; Acacia cornigera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1080, pro parte. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, near Vera Cruz, Central America, (Zrsted ; Panama, Cuming, n.1270; Santa Marta, Purdie. en | Specimens from Cuba, R. de la Sagra (R. cornigera, A. Rich.! Fl. Cub. i. 462), Wright, n. 2402, have the horn-like spines much longer, the spikes thicker and rather longer, but with innumerable small : flowers very closely packed, as in the typical form, in numerous spiral rows; and they apparently belong to the same species. ** Americane laziflore. Spice cylindracee v. elongate floribus distinctis v. subdissitis. ۱ 350. A. AMENTACEA, DO. Prod. ii. 455, ex ic. Mexicana. aucte j-2j-pollicares. Pinnæ 1-juge: foliola 2—6-juga, venosa. Spice pollieares, floribus confertis nec imbricat A. rigidula, Benth! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 504. Hab. Subtropical North America : Mexicano-Texan region. 351. A. FLEXICAULIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 505. Glabra v. junior pube- rula. Spin: tenues, auctee subsemipollicares. Pinnz sæpius 2-juge ; foliola paris ultimi 4—6-juga, paris inferioris 2-3-juga, obovato-oblonga, membranacea, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice subpollicares. : Legumen sessile, arcuatum, crassum, 4-pollicare, pollicem latum, valvis crasso-coriaceis. Hooperia arborea, Buckl. in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 453. Hab. Extratropical North America, Mexicano-Texan region. A. geniculata, Wendl., of German gardens, referred by Seemann, Eingef. Ac. 66, to Calliandra seutelli- fera, appears to me to correspond precisely with A. flexicaulis. The flowers and fruits of the garden-plant are unknown. x Glabra. Spine tenues, obovali-oblonga, 3-6 lin. longa; is. Legumen ignotum. Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. 515 352. A. HINDSII, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 504. Glabra. Spine minores subulatee ; auctæ maximæ, inflatz, lividee, 1-14-pollicares, basi connate et 2 poll. late. Pinne 6-15-jugs ; foliola 12-20-juga, linearia, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice tenues, 3-13-pollicares. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America, Mexico, Hinds, Jurgensen, n. 109. When the spines are inflated, this species resembles A. spadicigera ; but the pinn: and leaflets are more numerous, the spines with the connate base very much broader, and the spikes of flowers very different. (See also 388. A. acatlensis, in which the small fine stipules are almost spinescent.) *** Gerontogee. Spice elongate v. breves, laxiflore v. densiuscule, floribus tamen non imbricatis. 353. A. ALBIDA, Delile, Fl. Eg. 142, t. 52. f. 3. Glabra v. pilosula, Rami albidi. Spin: minores subconice v. 0; auctee validee, basi lata incrassate, albee, rarius semi- pollicem excedentes. Pinnæ 3-7-jugæ; foliola 7-15-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice 2-5-pollicares, laxiflore. Legumen valde arcuatum v. circinatum, 2-1 poll. latum, basi stipiti sublaterali affixum, valvis crassis coriaceo-subspongiosis.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 339. A. selenicarpa, Desv.! in Hamilt. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occid. 60, patria falsa. A. gyrocarpa, Hochst.! in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. Exs. A. saccharata, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 505. A. mossambicensis, Bolle in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. 5. Prosopis? Kirkii, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 332. Hab. Tropical Africa; generally spread over the region. 354. A. LATRONUM, Willd. Spec. iv. 1077. Glabra. Spine semiaucte tenues, 3-1-pol- licares, auctee 2-pollicares longioresque, basi 3-4 lin. crass. Pinn® 2-5-jug® ; foliola 6—15-juga, linearia v. oblonga, nunc omnia vix linea longiora, nune 2-3-linearia. Spicw 1-11-pollicares, demum laxiflore. Legumen planum, faleatum v. arcuatum, utrinque obtusum, glabrum, 13-2-pollicare, 6-9 lin. latum, basi stipiti sublaterali affixum, valvis tenuibus coriaceis.— Wight, Ic. t. 1157. | Mimosa cornigera, Linn. Spec. 1505, quoad syn. Sebe; Linn. f. Suppl. 438. M. latronum, Linn. f. Suppl. 438. Acacia umbraculata, Wight! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. 4245. A. dumosa, W. et Arn! Prod. Fl. Penins. 274, excl. syn. Roxb. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian peninsula. Steud. et Hochst.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 506. Glabrius- auctz 1-2-pollicares, albe. Pinne 6-10-juge; foliola 12-20- juga, linearia, obtusa, 2 rarius 3 lin. longa. Spice 2-4-pollicares, longifloræ. Legumen rectum, ovale, planum, glabrum, 14-2-pollicare, ad pollicem latum, stipite subcentrali, valvis tenuibus nitidis reticulatis. Schweinf. in Linnea, XXXV. 359; Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 340. A. fasciculata, R. Br. ! in Salt, Abyss. App. 65, nomen tantnm A. Saltiana, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa. 355. A. LABAI, ` cula. Spine tenues; 516 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia. Series 5. VULGARES. Arbores v. frutices, interdum scandentes. Stipulz non spinescentes. Aculei sparsi infrastipulares v. rarius 0. Folia bipinnata. Pedunculi axillares v. ad apices ramorum paniculati, monostachyi. Spice elongate cylindraces v. oblongze, v. capitula globosa. ‘ Subseries 1. Gerontogee Spiciflore. A. Triacanthe. Aculei terni, infrastipulares cum infrafoliaceo. Legumen | valvis membranaceis tardius dehiscens, glabrum transversim reticulato-venosum, marginibus ner- viformibus v. subcarinatis. 356. A. HAMULOSA, Benth. im Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 509. Glabra, pallida. Aculei infrastipulares recti v. incurvi, tertio infrafoliaceo recurvo, in petiolo minimi ssepius adsunt. Pinn® 2-3-jugæ; foliola 3-8-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusissima, 2-3 lin. longa. Spieze 1-2-pollicares. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, 14-14 poll. latum. -Hab. Arabia: Aden, Hooker and others ; Djedda, S. Fischer, n. 72. l Mimosa Asak, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 176, Vahl, Symb. ii. 104, or Acacia Asak, Willd. Sp. iv. 1077, from Arabia, of which the flowers and fruits are unknown, is probably the 4. hamulosa. Forskåhl describes the prickles as recurved, Vahl as straight or nearly so—a discrepancy which may be explained by the lateral straight one or the central recurved one being most prominent in the specimen described. 357. A. SENEGAL, Willd. Spec. iv. 1077. Glabra, pallida. Aculei infrastipulares recti v. incurvi, tertio infrafoliaceo recurvo, petiolo rarius armato. Pinnse 3-5-jug®. Foliola 10-15 juga, linearia, obtusa, rigidula, ad 2 lin. longa. - Spicse 2-3-pollicares. Legumen stipitatum, 3—4-pollicare, 3 poll. latum. Mimosa Senegal, Linn. Spec. 1506, excl. syn. fere omnibus. M. senegalensis, Lam. Dict. i. 19. Acacia Verek, Guill. et Perr.! FL Seneg. i. 245, t. 56; Schweinf. in Linn Kotsch. t. 3; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 342. A. rupestris, Stocks! Boiss. Fl. Orient. ii. 638. Hab. Tropical Africa, Senegambia, and Upper Nubia: also in Seinde, Stocks. It appears to me evident that Linnzus, in characterizing his M. Senegal, had in view the plant brought by Adanson from Senegal, as furnishing the best gum arabic of commerce, and which also constituted the M. senegalensis of Lamarck. Linneus’s reference to Adanson and to the three spines, with the central one recurved, identify the species, notwithstanding the confusion thrown on it by the various synonyms applying to almost as many different plants, and his note that it was easily known by its white bark, which has induced the false reference to 4. albida. Ä I have in vain endeavoured to find any character to separate Stocks’s plant, which agrees perfectly in foliage, flower, and fruit, notwithstanding the disseverance of the stations. The intermediate Arabia is, however, too little known to affirm that the area of the species may not be more continuous. ; 358. A. GLAUCOPHYLLA, Steud.! A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 243. Glabra v. minute pube- rula, pallida. Aculei dum adsint infrastipulares subrecti, tertio infrafoliaceo recurvo, ramis interdum inermibus. Pinnz 3-8-juge; foliola 10-20-juga, oblique oblonga ۲۰ obovali-oblonga, obtusa, 3-5 lin. longa. Spice sub-2-pollicares. Flores glabri. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, 7-8 lin. latum.—Schweinf. ! in Linnea, xxxv. 372, t. 22, fr.; $a, xxxv. 374, t. 22, fr. ; Rel. Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 342, longa. Spice tenues, interruptee. Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 517 A. triacantha, Hochst. ! ; A. Rich. Fl. Abyss, i. 244. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa. B. Diacanthe. Aculei dum adsint infrastipulares, gemini, recurvi. * Flores distincte pedicellati, glabri. Legumen Triacantharum. 359. A. DETINENS, Burch.! Trav. i. 310. Glabra v. villosula. Pinns sub-3-juge ; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovata, obtusissima, 3—4 lin. longa. Spies ovoideo-subglobosse v. oblongæ, laxiflorse, brevissime pedunculate. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, ¿-1 poll. latum. Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 282. : Hab. Extratropical South Africa.. 360. A. FEROX, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 97. Villosula. Pinn® 4—6-juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtusissima, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice ovoideo- subglobose v. oblong&, laxiflore, brevissime pedunculate. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, $—1 poll. latum.—Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 282. Hab. Extratropical South-east Africa. 361. A. MELLIFERA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 507. Glabra, pallida. Pinnie 2-juge; foliola l-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtusissima, 3-6 lin. longa. Spicw 1-13-pollicares, laxiflore. Legumen 11-2-pollicare, 4-2 poll. latum.—Schweinf. in Lin- nea, xxxv. 365; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 340. Mimosa unguis-cati, Forsk. Fl. ZEg. Arab. 176, non Linn. M. mellifera, Vahl, Symb. ii. 103. Inga mellifera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1006. Acacia vicioides, Ferr. et Galin. Voy. Abyss. iii. 119, ex deser. et syn. ` Hab. Tropical North-east and North-west Africa, Arabia. ۰ ** Flores sessiles v. subsessiles, glabri. Legumen Triacantharum. | 362. A. LÆTA, R. Br.! in Salt, Abyss. App. 65. Glabra, pallida. Pinne 2-3-juge. Foliola 2-5-juga, oblique oblanceolata v. obovato-oblonga, obtusa v. mucronulata, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice lax®, 1-14-pollicares, ad nodos fasciculatee. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, 3-1 poll. latum.— Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 367; t. 19 ad 21; Reliq. Kotsch. t. 1, 2; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 341. Hab. Tropical North-east Africa, and, perhaps the same, Arabia, Botta. 363. A. WELWITSCHII, Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 341. Glabra, subglauca. Pinne 2-4. juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, elliptica, ovata v. obovata, obtusa, 4-8 lin. longa. Spice laxi, 14-2-pollicares, subpaniculate. Legumen 3-5-pollicare, 8-9 lin. latum. Hab. South tropical Africa. ; 364 A. NIGRESCENS, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 340. Glabra, subgleuca. ‚Pinn» 3juga ; foliola 1-juga, obovato-rotundata, coriacea, in forma typica siccitate nigricantia, 4—6 lin. Legumen ignotum. — Var. pallens, foliolis 1-1-pollicaribus pallidis. Aculei demum valde incrassati tuberculiformes. Hab. South tropical Africa. 365. A. vENOSA, Hochst.!, Pinnæ 3-5- rarius 6—7-juge ; Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 98. Glabra, pallida v. foliola 5-10-juga, oblique oblonga, v. obovato- glauca. 518 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Acacia, oblonga, obtusa, 3-5 lin. longa. Spies 1-13-pollicares, laxse. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, pollicem latum.— Schweinf. in Linnea, xxxv. 371; Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 341. A. sanguinea, Hochst. ! A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 245 ; Schweinf. l.c. 364. Hab. North-east tropical Africa. 966. A. MODESTA, Wall.! Pl. As. Rar. ii. 27, t. 130. Glabra v. pilosula, cinerascens. Pinne 2-3-juge ; foliola 3-5-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa. Spice laxee, 1-2-pollicares. Legumen 3—4-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum.—Jacquem. Voy. Bot. t. 56. Mimosa obovata, Roxb.! Fl. Ind. ii. 561. M. dumosa, Roxb. 1. e. 559. ; Hab. Subtropical Asia: North-western provinces of East Indies. Very nearly allied to A. venosa, the leaflets usually fewer and shorter, the flowers pale yellow, not red, and the pod much smaller. | 367. A. LENTICULARIS, Hamilt. ! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5244. Glabra, pallida v. glaucescens. Aculei rari. Pinnæ 2-3-jugs; foliola 6-8-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga. obtusa, pollicaria v. paullo longiora. Spice laxee, 3—5-pollicares. Legumen ignotum.— _ | Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 508. Hab. Subtropical Asia: northern provinces of India. 368. A. FERRUGINEA, DC. Prod. ii. 458. Glabra, pallida. Pinne 3-6-jugse ; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 3-5 lin. longa. Spice tenues, interruptze, 2-polli- cares longioresque. Legumen ad 3 poll. longum, 2 poll. latum, quam in preecedentibus rigidius, quam in sequentibus tenuius, glabrum, siccitate fusco-ferrugineum. Mimosa ferruginea, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 561. Hab. Tropical Asia: East-Indian peninsula. *** Flores sessiles v. subsessiles, sepe pubescentes. Legumen planum, valvis coriaceis vs marginibus viz prominentibus. | 369. ? A. PURPUREA, Bolle, in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. 6. Tomentoso-pubescens. Pinne 8-jugze ; foliola 12-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 3 lin. longa. Spice dense, lon Flores purpurei. Legumen ignotum.—Oliv. Fl. T'rop. Afr. ii. 343. Hab. South-east tropical Africa. I have not seen the plant. . 370. A. ERUBESCENS, Welw. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 343. Glabra v. puberula. Pinn® 4-5-jug® ; foliola 10-14-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice densiuscul»e, 14- pollicares. Flores albidi, griseo-tomentelli. ۱ ۱ Legumen ignotum. ۱ Hab. South-west tropical Africa, Welwitsch. 1 have seen no specimen. 371. A. BunkEr, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ, v. 98. Villosula. Pinns 3-6-juge; foliola 5—8-juga, oblique oblonga v. obovalia, obtusa, 3—5 lin. longa. Spies laxæ, lon- giuscule. Legumen ignotum.— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 282. ! e Hab. Subtropical (and tropical?) South-east Africa : Macalisberg, Burke and Zeyher, and, apparently the same, Manganja hills on the Zambesi, Kirk. 372. A. Rovuma, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 353, Pubescens, fuscesce jugæ; foliola 15-30-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa. glabrum, fuscescens, 4-6-pollicare, fere pollicem latum, valvis Hab. South-east tropical Africa. giuscule, pilose. ns. Pinnz 7-9- Flores ignoti. Legumen coriaceis vix venosis. [ Acacia. } MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 519 : Apparently allied to the following, but with a much larger and especially broader pod and larger eaflets. 918. A. CATECHU, Willd. Spec. iv. 1079. Glabra v. pubescens, ramis fuscescentibus. Aculel szepe parvi v. 0. Pinnze 10-20-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, 4-3 lin. longa. Spieze 2-3-pollicares. Corolla calyce 2-3-plo longior. Legumen glabrum, 3-5-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis vix venosis.— Brandis ! For. Fl. 186. Mimosa Catechu, Linn. f. Suppl. 439; Roxb. Corom. Pl. t. 175, Fl. Ind. ii. 563. M. Sundra, Roxb. Corom. Pl. iii. 19, t. 225, Fl. Ind. ii. 562. Acacia Chundra, Willd. Spec. iv. 1078. A. Sundra, Spreng. Syst. ii. 143 ; Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 510. A. Sandra, Bedd.! Fl. Sylv. t. 50. Mimosa catechuoides, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 562. Acacia catechuoides, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 510. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: common in most parts of India and Burma (Brandis). This and the three following species are very difficult to distingish from each other in dried specimens ; and the synonymy is much confused. I have followed Dr. Brandis, who has carefully investigated the question, in considering the common brown-barked Indian species as the true Catechu, of which Roxburgh’s M. Sundrais the glabrous type, and his M. catechuoides, or Catechu of the Coromandel plants, the pubescent form, and taking his name of Suma for the white-barked species, thus reversing the nomenclature I had formerly adopted on the authority of most herbaria. Iam not certain that the character derived from the proportions of the calyx and corolla is constant. Generally speaking, the corolla is very much more exserted in A. Catechu than in A. Suma, and still shorter in A. caffra; but there are occasionally speci- ‘mens somewhat doubtful in this respect, and the colour of the bark is often very undecided in herbarium specimens. By one of those errors of which there are several instances in Roxburgh's Flora Indica, printed after his death from manuscripts which had not been finally revised, M. Catechu has been three times repeated with distinct nnmbers as separate species, whereas “ M. Catechu, Roxb. Corom. Pl.” p. 562, was intended as a synonym to M. catechuoides, and “ M. Catechu, Med. Obs." p. 563, as a synonym of the preceding M. Catechu. ` A. polyacantha, Willd. Spec. iv. 1079 (Mimosa spinosissima, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 78), must be either the A. Catechu or A. Suma; but the character given is insufficient to determine to which it should be referred. 374. A. Suma, Kurz; Brandis! For. Fl. 187. Pubescens, pallida, ramulis albidis. Aculei seepius parvi v. 0, rarius validi. Pinnæ 10-40-juge ; foliola 30-50-juga, linearia, acutiuscula, 1-24 lin. longa. Spice 2-5-pollicares. Corolla calyce dimidio rarius sub- . duplo longior. Legumen glabrum, 3-5-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis vix lignosis. Mimosa Suma, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 563. Acacia Catechu, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. J t. 49, and most authors. A. Wallichiana, DC. Prod. ii. 458. ourn. i. 510 ; Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 344; Bedd.! Fl. Sylv. byss. i. 242 ; Schweinf. Pl. Nil. t. 1. A. campylacantha, Hochst. ! A. Rich. El. A | ha, Hochst. ! A. Rich. 1. c. 243. | Tub AB dia (Brandis), 3 Y Hab. Tropical Asia and Africa : the commonest species in Southern In VOL. XXX. - 520 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, the Abyssinian form requiring, perhaps, further investigation, the flowers said to be red, which they are not in the Indian white-barked species. The specimens sent from tropical America, where Catechu has sometimes been planted, appear to me to be rather A. Suma than the true A. Catechu as above defined. I should observe, however, that Major Beddome does not quite agree with Dr. Brandis in the identification of the original Catechu with the A. Sundra, but thinks it was rather founded on the pale pubescent form of A. Suma, as I had originally presumed it to be. It might be better, perhaps, to consider A. Catechu as a collective name, and to include in it 4. Rovume, A. Sundra, A. Suma, A. hecatophylla, and A. caffra. 375. A. HECATOPHYLLA, Steud.; A. Rich.! Fl. Abyss. i. 242. Canescenti-tomentosa. Aculei sepe parvi v. 0. Pinnze 10-20-jugs ; foliola 30-50-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 2-3 - lin. longa, pallida. Spice 2-3-pollicares, molliter pubescentes. Corolla calycem parvum excedens. Legumen 3-7-pollicare, fere pollicem latum, valvis rigide coriaceis obscure venosis.—Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 344. Hab. North-east tropical Asia. Very near A. Suma, but with larger broader leaflets and the pod of A. Rovume. 376. A. CAFFRA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1078. Subglabra, ramis fuscis. Aculei sspe parvi | v. 0. Pinne 6-12-jugz; foliola 15-40-juga, linearia, 14-21 lin. longa. Spice 2-3- pollieares. Corolla calycem parum excedens. Legumen 2-4-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis obscure venosis.— Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 345; Harv. et Sond.! Fl. Cap. ii, 282. RI Mimosa caffra, 'Thunb. Fl. Cap. 433. Acacia fallax, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 169, foliolis longioribus. Hab. South tropical and extratropical Africa. Very closely allied to A. Catechu, but with a different more rigid aspect. C. Ataxacanthe. - Aculei dum adsint sparsi. Spice superiores sepius racemoso- paniculate. : 377. A. ATAXACANTHA, DC. / Prod. ii. 459. Puberula v. glabrata. Aculei ssepius rari. Pinnee 7-15-juge, glandula petiolari elevata glabra; foliola 20—40-juga, lineari-gubfal- cata, ad 2 lin. longa. Spice 2—3-pollieares. Flores glabri. Legumen 3—4-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, valvis chartaceis glabris.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 843. Hab. Westtropical Africa. | Albizzia mossambicensis, Bolle, in Peters Mossamb. Bot. : : : 4, appears to be an Acacia closely allied to, uem | not identical with, A. ataxacantha. - | 978. A. MACROSTACHYA, Reichenb.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 511. Ferrugineo- pubescens. Aculei validi, rari. Pinnze 20-30-juge ; glandula petiolaris depressa, magna ; foliola 20-50-juga, lineari-subfalcata, acuta, 2—21 lin. longa. Spice 3—5-pollieares, ۰ Flores glabriusculi. . Legumen ignotum.—Oliv. Pl. Trop. A (fr. ii. 343 | Hab. West tropical Africa. à 379. A. ERIADENIA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 98, Tomentoso-villosa v. gla- brescens. Aeulei rari, validi, basi latissimi. Pinnze 6-10-jugee ; glandula petiolaris elevata, villosa, v. rarius obsoleta; foliola ad 20-juga, linearia, 2, rarius 3 lin. longa. Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 521 Spicee 2-3-pollicares. Corolla calyce duplo longior. Legumen longiuscule stipitatum, 3—4-pollicare, 8-9 lin. latum, glabrum, glaucescens.— Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 283. Hab. Extratropical South Africa: Natal district. Perhaps not really distinct from A. atazacantha. 380. A. PERVILLEI, Benth. sp. n. Scandens ? glabra. Aculei crebri, parvi, recurvi. Pinnee 3-6-jug® ; foliola 8-15-juga, subpetiolata, oblique oblonga, obtusa, mucronulata, 4-6 lin. longa, rigidula, subtus pallida. Spice laxee, subpollicares, ad apices ramorum panieulatze. Flores glabri Corolla calyce obtusissime subdentato duplo longior. Legu- men ignotum. Hab. West Madagascar : Ambongo, Perville. This species is very unlike any other one from the Old World, but appears much more nearly allied to the Brazilian 4. lacerans. Subseries 9. Americane Spiciflore. * Nudiflore. Frutices rarius arborescentes inermes v. rarius (in A. Greggii) aculei rameales pauci validi, petiolares ۰ 381. A. RENIFORMIS, Benth.! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1165. Glabra, glaucescens. Aculei rari. Stipule foliacese, reniformes, 3-5 lin. late. Pinnæ 1-2-jug: ; foliola 1-juga, oblique orbieulato-reniformia, rigida, 1-1j-pollicaria. Spice laxze, 1-12-pollieares. Le- gumen ignotum. Hab. Mexico, Ehrenberg in Herb. Berol. 382. A. WRIGHTII, Benth. ! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 64. Glabra, pallida, inermis. Pinnse 1-2-juge; foliola 2—4-juga, oblique obovata v. oblonga, obtusa, 3-5 lin. longa. Spies laxee, subpollieares. Legumen basi oblique stipitatum, subfaleatum, planum, 2-3- pollicare, 8-12 lin. latum. Hab. Extratropical North America, West Texas, Wright, Berlandier. 383. A. GREGGI, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. i. 65. Glabra, pallida. Aculei pauci, sparsi. Pinnse 1-3-jugze, petiolo tenui; foliola 3-7-juga, obovali- V. anguste oblonga, obtusa, vix 2 lin. longa. Spicee subpollicares. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, ad 7 lin. latum, subplanum, rectum v. contortum, glabrum v. minute glauco-tomentellum. A. Durandiana, Buckl. in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861,453. Hab. Extratropical North America, West Texas, and others. 384. A. ROTUNDATA, Benth. Pilosula, glabrescens. Aculei infrafoliacei, solitarii, caduci. Pinne 1-3-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, valde Drm (2-3 lin. longa ?), novella subtus pilosa. Spice laxe, p Legumen ignotum. Mimosa rotundata, Pavon (Herb. Oxon.). ; ropi erica: Mexico, sad ione cea sed aculei sub nodis floriferis semper solitarii videntar, compresso- conici. basi valde dilatati, demum decidui nec secus ramos sparsi. Folia in speciminibus florentibus 1 | rigidule, caduce. Petiolus communis et rhaches pinnarum nondum bene evoluta. Stipule setacez, r p ere à d : : UT : i iugi inferioris, sepe tamen deesse videtur. tenues. Glandula interdum stipitata parva inter pinnas jugi , ys and North Mexico, Wright, Gregg, Herb. Pavon. LI interdum in ramulum floridum excrescentibus. Flores omnino A. Greggii. 522 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. | Acacia, Pinnz breves, jugis secus petiolum distantibus sepius 3. Spice ad nodos vetustos fasciculate, fasciculis 385. A. EMORYANA, Benth. sp. n. Minute tomentella, glabrescens, inermis. Pinnæ 3—6-jugæ; foliola 10-15-juga, oblongo-linearia, valde obliqua, obtusa v. acutiuscula, rigidula, 2-3 rarius 4 lin. longa. Spice dense, 3-4 lin. longse, v. longiores basique interruptze. Legumen oblique stipitatum, 2~24-pollicare, pollicem latum, minute glauco- tomentellum, marginatum. | A. Coulteri, Benth.! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 66, quoad plantam Texanam. Hab. Extratropical North America: Texas, Wright; also Emory's Expedition, n. 325. I had formerly seen only flowering specimens of A. Coulteri and fruiting ones of the present species; I have now before me both flowering and fruiting specimens of both, and find that they differ considerably in both states as well as in their geographical station. 386. A. CourTERI, Benth. ! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 66, quoad plantam Mexicanam. Glabra v. inflorescentia minute puberula, inermis. Pinnæ 5-15-juge ; foliola 20-30- juga, oblongo-linearia, valde obliqua, obtusa v. acutiuseula, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice 2-21- pollicares, laxiflorze. Legumen recte stipitatum, 3-5-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, glabrum, marginatum. _ Hab. Tropical North America : Mexico, near Zimapan, Coulter; between Sula and Vittoria, Berlandier; near Grenada, in Nicaragua, (Ersted. 387. A. MAMMIFERA, Schlecht. Linnea, xii. 563. Subglabra, inermis. Pinne 2-4 jug: ; foliola 10-15-juga, anguste elliptica, obliqua, obtusiuscula, 3 lin. longa, utrinque puberula. Spice axillares, rhachi fructifera 1-2-pollicari. recte stipitatum, 3-6-pollicare, 4 lin. latum, valvis mammeeformibus notatis. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Barranca de Acholaya, I have not seen this species. gether agree. | 388. A. ACATLENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 513. Glabriuscula v. canes- — centi-villosa, stipulis subsetaceis fere acieularibus, cæterum inermis. Pinn:w 3-10- jug: ; foliola multijuga, linearia, obtusa v. acutiuscula, 2-3 lin. lonea. Spicee densius- eulze, ad 2 poll. longe. Legumen ignotum. a ۱ A. sericea, Mart. et Gal. ! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. pars ii. 309. Hab. Tropieal America : Mexico, Andrieux, n. 996; Galeotti, n. 3345 I had formerly thought that Galeotti’s plant might be kept up as a ER ee but on a careful comparison I can find no character besides the denser pubescence. : : 389. A. SCLEROXYLA, Tuss.! Fl. Antill. t. 91. Tomentella, inermis. Pinnæ 10-15- juge; foliola 30—70-juga, linearia, obtusa, 2-3 v. rarius 4 lin. longa (per anthesin scepius parva). Spice axillares, 2-3-pollicares. Legumen sessile y. brevissime stipitatum, planum, glabrum, 3—4-pollieare, 3—1 poll. latum, valvis rigide coriaceis Hab. San Domingo, Ehrenberg and others. 5 sem Habit nearly of 4. Catechu, but no prickles, and a different pod. : مب‎ A. Seon, Willd. Spec. iv. 1058. Velutino-tomentella v. glabrescens, si- sepe nigricans, inermis. Pinnæ 4-6-juge; foliola 10-16-juga, ovato-elliptica ۰ Flores ignoti. Legumen papyraceis ad semina elevationibus Ehrenberg. It must be nearly allied to A. Coulteri; but the character does not alto- Acacia.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 523 late oblonga, obliqua, obtusissima, demum coriacea, nitidula, subsemipollicaria. Spice axillares, 3-5-pollicares. Legumen breviter stipitatum, rectum v. leviter arcuatum, planum, glabrum, ad 4 poll. longum, 6-9 lin. latum, inter semina subseptatum, valvis rigide coriaceis. Mimosa nudiflora. Rich. in Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 65. Mimosa nigricans, Vahl! Ecl, iii. 37, t. 29, non Labill. A. Rohriana, DC. Prod. ii. 457. Hab. West Indies: Danish Islands of St. Thomas and St. John, v. Bohr, Balbis, Ehrenberg, and others; Porto Rico, Herb. Par. Mimosa muricata, Linn. Spec. 1504, or Acacia muricata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1058, is founded solely upon Plumier’s figure, ed. Burm. t. 11, which probably represents an exaggerated luxuriant form of A. nigri- cans, with larger, more numerous leaflets, raised lenticles on the branches, and the spikes more terminal, with setaceous bracts protruding beyond the buds; but how far this may or may not be a correct repre- sentation remains very doubtful. Grisebach refers the M. muricata, without hesitation, to A. nudiflora. (See also Mimosa glandulosa, Vahl, amongst doubtful species.) ** Lacerantes. Frutices elaliores, sepe sarmentosi v. alte scandentes. Aculei parvi sepius recurvi, rameales crebri v. rari, petiolares sepius adsunt minimi. Spice supe- ` riores v. omnes racemose v. paniculate. t Spice 1$-4-pollicares. 391. A. AMAZONICA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, glabra v. inflo- rescentia puberula. Aculei haud crebri. Stipule lanceolate, striate. Pinnw 8-20- jugee ; foliola multijuga, anguste linearia, 2-3 lin. longa. Spice paniculate. Corolla calyce 3—4-plo longior. Legumen stipitatum, 6-7-pollicare, pollicem latum, valvis mem- branaceo-chartaceis. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Spruce. : 399. A. LACERANS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 511. Laxe ramosa v. alte scandens. Aculei crebri. Stipule angustee, caducissime. Pinnz 20-25-juge ; foliola multi- (40—70)-juga, anguste linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Spice paniculatw. Corolla calyce dimidio longior. Legumen ignotum.—//. Bras. Mim. i Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and Bahia. C.! Prod. ii. 459, non Benth. olim. Elata v. alte scandens, puberula. Aculei erebri v. minimi rarique. Stipulee angustm, caduciasimse. Pinne 5-12-jug:e; foliola 15-40-juga, lineari-falcata, subtus pubescentia, 3-6 lin. -— "gm paniculatee. Corolla calyce subduplo longior. Legumen stipitatum, 4-5-pollicare, 1j poll. latum, valvis coriaceis marginatis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. : Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. ۱ h.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Molliter pubescens. Aculei foliola 10-20-juga, subfaleato-oblonga, subtus pilosula, 3-pollieares longioresque. Corolla calyce sub- 393. A. VELUTINA, D 394. A. PIAUHIENSIS, Bent minimi, rari. Pinne 2-4-juge; 3-4 lin. longa. Spice subracemose, dimidio longior. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Piauhy. 524 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Acacia, tt Spice vix pollicares brevioresve, in speciebus ultimis variant oblonge v. pauciflore et subglobose. 395. A. MONACANTHA, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1056, fide Moricand. Arborea? velutino-pubescens, mox glabrata. Aculei pauci, validi, ssepius infrafoliacei. Pinn® 4-11-jug:e ; foliola multijuga, linearia, puberula, 2-23 lin. longa. Spice dens:e, ad 2 poll. longze, subpanieulatze v. fasciculate. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. ! in Fl. Bras. Mim. A. velutina, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 514, non DC. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, Minas Geraes and Sao Paulo. 396. A. BONARIENSIS, Gill.! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 207. Elata, subglabra. Aculei sepe validi, haud crebri. Pinnæ 6-12-jugs; foliola 25-50-juga, oblique linearia, 2-3 lin. longa., glabra. Spice semipollicares v. rarius longiores, axillares et paniculata. Corolla calycem breviter superans. Legumen stipitatum, 2-3-pollicare, 6-7 lin. latum, glabrum, valvis coriaceis marginatis.— Benth. in .Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Extratropical South-America: South Brazil, Argentine Republic, and Para- guay. ۱ 397. A. Hayesi, Benth. sp. n. Glabra v. junior vix puberula, alte scandens. Aculei minimi. Pinne 8-10-jugz. Foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, falcata, mucronata, ad 4 lin. longa, costa valde excentrica. Spice laxiuscule, oblongze, subsemipollicares. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Mammee station of the railroad, S. Hayes. * Frutex in arbores altissime scandens ‚gt. ab apicibus sepe dependens." Ramuli subteretes, fusci, glabri. Aculei in specimine nostro haud crebri. Foliorum petiolus communis semipedalis. Pinnæ 1i-2-pollieares. Glandul® adsunt inter pinnas fere omnium parium et 1—2 infra par infimum. Spice ad nodos panicule subaphylle solitariz v. fascieulate, pedunculo semipollicari fulte. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 1 lin. longus, brevissime dentatus. Corolla duplo longior. ER. 398. A. PLUMOSA, Lowe! in Bot. Mag. t. 3366. Scandens, tomentoso-pubescens. Aculei parvi v. rarius validi, recurvi. Pinnæ 10-20-juge ; foliola 30-50-juga, linearia, ciliolata, 1-2 lin. longa. Spice ovoidex oblonge v. subeylindracex, 2-4 lin. longe, paniculate. Corolla calycem breviter superans. Legumen stipitatum, 4-6-pollicare, 6-7 lin. rarius fere pollicem latum, brevissime tomentosum v. glabratum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. A. scandens, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 517, vix Willd. Mimosa fluminensis, Vell. Fl. Flum. le. xi. t. 38. Hab. "Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 399. A. PTERIDIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 521. Scandens, subglabra. Aculei parvi, rari. Pinne 2-4-jugze; foliola 20-50-juga, linearia, falcata, 4-8 lin. longa, costa submarginali. Spies ovoides v. oblong:e, 4-6 lin. long, panieulate. Corolla calyce subduplo longior. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. m E un Ma ta bis two species of the following group, which have the flower-heads sometimes lengthened Acacia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 525 Subseries 3. Americane Capitulate. | Capitula (exceptis interdum Stipularibus) globosa. * Stipulares. Stipule ample membranacee ۰ 400. A. GRANDISTIPULA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 511. Scandens, glabra. Aculei subrecurvi. Stipulse oblique cordate, }—}-pollicares. Pinnæ 3-7-jug:e ; foliola 10-15-juga, dimidiato-oblonga, subsemipollicaria. Capitula paniculata, ovoidea v. ob- longa, floribus pedicellatis. Legumen stipitatum, 4-7-pollicare, 14 poll. latum, glabrum. — FI. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and Minas Geraes. Very variable in the breadth of the leaflets and the form of the flower-head, and may possibly include several species, all, however, very nearly allied to A. tamarindifolia. 401. A. TAMARINDIFOLIA, Willd, Spec. iv. 1092. Scandens ?, glabra. Aculei recti v. subineurvi. Stipulw late cordate, subsemipollicares. Pinnæ 4-8-jugæ; foliola 10-20- juga, oblique oblonga, subsemipolliearia. Capitula globosa v. ovoidea, panieulata. Flores brevissime pedicellati. Legumen longiuscule stipitatum, sub-3-pollicare, 8-9 lin. latum, glabrum. Mimosa tamarindifolia, Linn. Spec. 1509; Jacq.! Hort. Schenbr. iii. 77, t. 396. A. pinnata, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 446. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies and Venezuela, Otto, n. 964; Moritz, n. 597. 402. A. BAHIENSIS, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Erecta? glabra v. pubescens. Aculei recti v. subincurvi. Stipulæ late cordate, 3-5 lin. longe. Pinney 2-4jugs ; foliola 8-12-juga, falcato-oblonga, 3—4 lin. longa. Capitula globosa, per anthesin longe racemosa. Flores sessiles. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. l i ** Spine axillares valide, apice divaricato-bifide. 403. A. FURCATA, Gill! in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. 206. Fruticosa, glabra. Aculei minimi, rari. Spine (seu pedunculi steriles indurati) semipollicares, lobis apicalibus (bracteis induratis) divaricatis pungentibus vix lineam longis. Pinne 24-jugwe ; foliola 6—10-juga, oblongo-linearia, 1-21in.longa. Capitula breviter racemosa. Flores sessiles. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 3-pollicare, 2 poll. latum, glabrum. Ha. ` Hab. Extratropical South-America: foot of the Andes of Mendoza, Gillies, Miers. *** Foliola unijuga, majuscula v. ampla. 404. A. CRASSIFOLIA, 4. Gray ! in Mem. Amer. Acad. v. 317. Glabra, glaucescens. Aculei validi. Pinne 1-juge, foliola 1-juga, cuneato-orbicularia, 1-1 j-pollicaria, obtusi S- sima. coriacea. Capitula paniculata, dense multiflora. Legumen ignotum— Hook. Jc. PI. t. 1166, | | Hab. Extratropical North America : Mexicano-Texan mountains, Thurber. 405. A. Mıersıı, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 522. Subscandens, glabra, inermis. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, acuminata, 2-3-pollicaria. Capitula ample paniculata. Legumen ignotum.— Z7. Bras. Mim. Mimosa bijuga, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 32? = Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 526 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Acacia, M. bijuga, of Velloso, as quoted above, is a fair representation of this plant, except as to the stipelle, of which the specimens show no trace. M. dichotoma, Velloso, 1. c. t. 42 (Inga dichotoma, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 114), gives a better idea of the foliage; but the inflorescence and flowers are evidently the pro- duct of the artist's imagination. , hi. 406. A. MIKANIL, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra, inermis. Pinnee dissite 2-jugee ; foliola 1-juga, ovato-falcata, obtuse acuminata, 11-2-pollicaria, membranacea. Capitula gracile paniculata. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Mikan. **** Foliola ovata v. late oblonga, obtusa, (excepta A. Langsdorfii) infra 12-juga. 407. A. REMERIANA, Scheele in Linnea, xxi. 450. Glabra. Aculei subrecurvi, haud crebri. Pinnz 2-3-juge; foliola 4-8-juga, oblique oblonga v. obovata, 4-5 lin. longa. Capitula ad nodos pedunculata, fasciculata. Legumen stipitatum, rectum v. subfalcatum, 4-6-pollicare, 2-14 poll. latum, subglaucescens. Hab. Extratropieal North America: North Mexico and West Texas. 408. A. MALACOPHYLLA, Benth.! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 64. Molliter pubescens. Aculei subrecurvi, rari. Pinne 2-3-jugæ; foliola 6-10-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, utrinque pubescentia, 3-6 lin. longa. Flores ignoti. Pedunculi fructiferi ad nodos -defoliatos. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 4-pollicare, 2 poll. latum, falcatum, glabrum. Hab. Extratropical North America: West Texas, Wright. i 409, A. MICRANTHA, Benth. sp. n. Glabra, subglauca. Aculei recti. Pinne 1-2- Juge; foliola 6-8-juga, late oblonga, obtusissima, subcoriacea, 3—4 lin. longa. Capitula ad axillas pedunculata. Legumen stipitatum, 2-pollieare, 6-9 lin. latum, glabrum, glaucescens. Hab. Tropical North America: Mexico, Berlandier, n. 3148, between Las Apuntas and las Verdosas, Ehrenberg. Frutex videtur erectus. Aculei in ramis sparsi. Foliorum petiolus communis inermis, 4-4-pollicaris, glandula oblonga sub pinnarum pare infimo. Pinnarum rhaches rigidule, tenues, subpollicares, eglan- _ dulosæ. Foliola costa subcentrali subtrinervia et reticulato-pennivenia. Pedunculi rigiduli, tenues, 2-1 poll. longi. Capitula absque staminibus 2-24 lin. diametro. Bractex rigide setacez, ante anthesin alabastra superantes, per anthesin deciduz. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 3 lin. longus, membranaceus. Corolla vix lineam longa, petalis facile solvendis. ۳ 410. A. AMBIGUA, Vog. ! in Linnea, x. 600. Puberula, demum glabrescens, inermis. Pinne 6-juge ; foliola 8-15-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, obtusa, subsemipollicaria, pallide virentia. Capitula parva, ample paniculata, tomentosa. Legumen longe stipitatum, (immaturum) 5-pollicare, 2 poll. latum. | A. Vogeliana, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Hab. Tropical America: Haiti, Ehrenberg in Herb. Berol. 411. A. Lanesporri, Benth. (inermis?) Pinne 47 Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 527 412. A. PEDICELLATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 522. Puberula, glabreseens. Aculei rari. Pinns 4-6-juge ; foliola 6-10-juga, obovali-oblonga, 3-6 lin. longa, pubes- centia. Capitula in panicula per anthesin paucifoliata numerosa, multiflora. Flores pedicellis lineam longis fulti, nec ut in affinibus sessiles. Legumen ignotum.——. Bras. Mim. ! | Mimosa paratyensis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 41. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, Bolivia. xk Foliola multijuga, linearia v. falcato-oblonga. + Foliola supra sepius concaviuscula, subtus convexa, costa parum excentrica. 413. A. SERRA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 519. Seandens, tomentella v. gla- brescens. Aculei crebri, 4-5-seriati, recurvi, sepe confluentes. Pinnw 26-40-juger ; foliola 50-80-juga, falcato-linearia, ad 2 lin. longa. Capitula paniculata. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 414. A. MASCHALOCEPHALA, Griseb.! Cat. Pl. Cub. 82. Scandens, villosula v. gla- brescens. Aculei crebri, parvi, recurvi. Pinnæ 6-10-jugæ; glandula depressa ; foliola 15-20-juga, falcato-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, glabra. Capitula in axillis summis fasci- culato-pedunculata v. paniculata. Legumen ignotum. ij Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Wright.n. 2395 Very near the Brazilian 4. Serra, but the prickles smaller, the pinne and leaflets much fewer, and the stem more pubescent. A large pod sent with the Kew specimen probably does not belong to it, as Grisebach had not seen the fruit. ; , 415. A. LASIOPEYLLA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-tomentosa, Aculei pauci, validi, recurvi. Pinnz 6-8-juge ; glandule parve; foliola 20-30juga, linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, villosa. Capitula subracemosa, majuscula. Corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 416. A. RECURVA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 519. Glabra. Aculei parvi, re- curvi. Pinnæ 15-20-juge; glandule depresse, majusculze ; foliola 30-50-juga, linearia, vix 2 lin. longa, glabra. Capitula racemosa v. paniculata, parva. Corolla 14 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. ; Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 417. A. ADHÆRENS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 517. Scandens, ferrugineo- pubescens v. villosa. Aculei parvi, recurvi. Pinnæ 10-20-jugte ; glandulse pe, - elevate: foliola 30-60-juga, anguste linearia, 2 rarius 3 lin. longa; smpius subtus pilosula ine cili i le paniculata. Corolla 1} lin. longa. Legumen et margine ciliata. Capitula parva, ample p sub-3-pollicare, 10-12 lin. latum, glabrum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. | Mimosa adherens, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 122, n. 174, non ejusd. n. 1104. M. Martiusana, Steud. Nom. e j Pu 05. es 7 th. in Hook. ourn. i. . ae rond متیر‎ : Brazil, prov. Bio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz. 418. A. TUBULIFERA, Benth. in Hook. VOL. XXX. Lond. Journ. i. 520. Subscandens ?, puberula, 32 : 528 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Acacia, Aculei rari, recurvi. Pinne 6-9-juge; foliola 30-50-juga, linearia, ad 2 lin. longa, glabra. Capitula subpaniculata. Corolla tubulosa, 2-23 lin. longa. Calyx quadruplo brevior. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Peru, Matthews, n. 1568. 419. A. RIPARIA, H., B.et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. in 916. Arborea v. alte scandens, subglabra. Aculei recurvi, haüd crebri. Pinne 6-12-juge; foliola 15—40-juga, oblongo- linearia, 3-4 lin. longa. Capitula ample paniculata. Corolla 1-13 lin. longa. Legumen stipitatum, 4-8-pollicare, 3-12 lin. latum, glabrum v. glauco-tomentosum— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. . Mimosa paniculata, West, ex Vahl, Ecl. iii. 39. M. retusa, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. 267, ex descr. Acacia Westiana, A. Guadelupensis et A. intsioides, DC. Prod. ii. 464. A. sarmentosa, Griseb.! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 221 vix Desv. ; Duch. et Walp. in Linnea, xxiii, 745. Mimosa plana, Vell. Fl. Flum. Je. xi. t. ۰ Acacia quadriglandulosa, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 110. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Minas Geraes, North Brazil, Guiana, Columbia, and West Indies. . Kunth’s speeimen in the Paris Herbarium belongsto a form with rather small and narrow leaflets ; and in this state the species is sometimes very difficult to distinguish from the East-Indian A. cesia, to which the true M. sarmentosa of the Paris Garden appears to be referrible. i tt Foliola plana v. supra convexiuscula, costa valde excentrica margini superiori approximata v. contigua. 420. A. GLOMEROSA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 521. Arborea, pubescens v. glabrata. Aculei rari, recti v. incurvi. Pinns 6-8-jugæ; foliola 12-25-juga, oblique late oblonga, subtus appresse pubescentia, 2-6 lin. longa. Capitula ample paniculata. Corolle sepius pubescentes. Legumen stipitatum, 5-6-pollicare, 1-14 poll. latum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. | i Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janiero, Bahia, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz; Peru, near Tarapoto, Spruce, n. 4408; Columbia, Bogota, Triana; Panama, Sutton Hayes. This species varies considerably, and sometimes comes very near to 4. polyphylla. A few of the Brazilian specimens, as well as those from Spruce and from Sutton Hayes, have the flowers nearly gla- brous; but in general the corolla is remarkably silky-pubescent, more so than the calyx. . 421. A.POLYPHYLLA, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 74; Prod. ii. 469. Arborea v. subscandens, _tomentoso-puberula v. glabrata. Aculei rari, recti v.ineurvi. Pinnæ 10-20-juge ; foliola 30-50-juga, anguste faleato-oblonga v. linearia, ad 3 lin. longa, subtus minute puberula. Capitula ample panieulata. Corolla pubescens. Legumen eo 4. — Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. A. riparia, Bert.! in Spreng. Syst. iii. 142, non H., B. et K. A. fluviatilis, Spreng. Syst. Index. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, and Bahia; North Brazil, Peru, Columbia, Guiana. | The species varies considerably, and is sometimes ve , may prove to be varieties only of one species. glomerosc paullo minus. ry near some specimens of A. glomerosa. The two | Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 529 422. A. STRIATA, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec.iv.1089. Pubescens. Aculei sparsi, acuti, erecti, compressi. Pinnz 9-jugs; foliola 13-16-juga, linearia, obtusiuscula, supra glabra, subtus appresse pilosa, avenia. Capitula grani piperis magnitudine, paniculata. Legumen falcatum, nitidum, 13-pollicare, setis raris brevissimis obsitum. Mimosa striata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 83. Hab. South America, Humboldt and Bonpland. I have not seen this plant. It is evidently very near the two preceding species, and ought perhaps to include them both, 423. A. Martu, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 519. Aculei subincurvi A. poly- phylie. Folia A. paniculate, costa foliorum vix a margine discreta. Panicula pubescens. Flores A. paniculate.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropieal America : Brazil, prov. Janeiro and Goyaz. 424. A. PANICULATA, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1074. “Alto scandens, puberula. Aculei re- curvi, haud crebri, validi v. parvi. Pinns® 10-20-juge; foliola 20-60-juga, anguste linearia, aeuta, obliqua, 2 lin. longa v. minora, rigidula, supra nitida. Capitula parva, ample panieulata. Legumen stipitatum, 6-8-pollicare v. rarius subpedale, 1} poll. latum, pube brevissime demum evanida, opacum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa paniculata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 74. M. adherens, Mart. | Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1104 non ejusd. n. 174. M. grandisiligua, Vell. Fl. Flum. 16. xi. t. 37. Acacia Clausseni, et A. grandisiliqua, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 518. A. Julibrissin, Sieb.! Herb. Fl. Martin. Suppl. n. 109, non Willd. A. martinicensis, Presl, Bot. Bem. 65. A. microcephala, A. Rich.! Fl. Cub. i. 469. Mimosa tenuifolia, Linn. Spec. ed. i. 523, ex char. Acacia tenuifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1091. doi : Hab. Tropical America: widely spread over Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, margin. à ; ۱ i > be the same species, with the prickles more M.: drangularis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t 36, may 6 | 1 os m iila ا‎ on prominent angles of the stem ; but the figure is insufficient for precise determination. 425. A. BERLANDIERI, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 622. Cano-tomentella, in- ermis. Pinnæ 10-12-juge; foliola 30—50-juga, linearia, ad 2 Hin. longa, subtus v. utrin- que tomentella. Capitula paniculata. Legumen breviter stipitatum, crassiusculum, rectum y. curvulum, breviter velutino-pubescens, 4-5-pollicare, 3-1 poll latum, valvis coriaceis primum planis demum convexis plus minus incrassatis. A. tephroloba, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. i 65. i ! Hab. Tropical and extratropical North America, Mexico, and — e The pod is dat only when unrigé; often thickews eue E inas in length valves become more or less convex. The stipes varies from under 2 | bons 530 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Acacia Subseries 4. @erontogee Capitulate. Capitula in omnibus stricte globosa. 426. A. KRAUSSIANA, Meissn. ! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 515. Scandens, glabra v. puberula. Aculei parvi, rari. Pinne 3-4-jugæ ; foliola 6-12-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, glabra, 3-6 lin. longa. Capitula racemoso-paniculata, glabra. Legumen stipi- tatum, rectum, obtusum, glabrum, nitidum, 3—4-pollicare, 8-10 lin. latum, valvis sub- membranaceis, marginibus nerviformi-incrassatis.—Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 283. Hab. Extratropical South Africa: Natal district. Very near some of the more glabrous forms of A. cesia, but with fewer pinnz and leaflets, and a thinner * almost truncate pod. 427. A. casta, Willd. Spec. iv. 1090. Scandens v. sarmentosa, tomentella v. glabrata. Aculei recurvi, sepius sat crebri sed varii. Pinns 6-20-jugs, v. hine inde paucijuge; glandul: sessiles ; foliola 10—40-juga, oblonga, obliqua v. falcata, 3-6 lin. longa, subtus canescenti-tomentella v. utrinque viridia et concoloria, costa parum v. valde excentrica. Legumen stipitatum, 4-6-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum, junius ssepe tomentellum, maturum glabrum, valvis coriaceo-chartaceis. Mimosa cesia, Linn. Spec. 1507. M. Intsia, Linn. Spec. 1508. Acacia [ntsia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1091. Mimosa tenuifolia, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 41. M. sarmentosa, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 1. 181; Pers. syn. ii. 266. Acacia sarmentosa, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 70, ad specimina hortensia nondum florentia. A. Arar, Hamilt.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5249. A. oxyphylla, Grah. ! in Wall. 1. c. n. 5252. A. aliacea, Hamilt.! in Wall. l. c. 5258. A. pseudointsia, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 12. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: spread over nearly the whole of India to the foot of the Himalayas, and extending to Sumatra, Java, and the Philippines, Cuming, n. 1499. ۳ There would appear at first sight to be two very distinct forms, as characterized by Arnott in W. et Arn. Prod. 278 :— A. cesia, more abundant in the Peninsula and North-west India, more tomentose-pubescent, the leaflets obtuse, almost coriaceous, dark above, very pale or white underneath; and A. Intsia, usually more eastern and southern, often quite glabrous, the leaflets more acute and falcate, thinner, and green on both sides ; but the two are often geographically intermixed, and the intermediate specimens are nume- rous. I have therefore felt obliged to follow Dr. Brandis, For. Fl. 189, in uniting them as a single species, closely allied to the American 4. riparia, and, but for the widely different geographical station, sometimes scarcely to be distinguished from it except by the broader leaflets. 428. A. PENNATA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1090. Scandens, tomentoso-pubescens v. glabrata. Aculei recti v. recurvi. Pinnæ 6-20-jug® ; glandula petiolaris sessilis, ssepe majuscula, inter pinnas pauce ; foliola 20-60-juga, anguste linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus: puberula, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula paniculata. Legumen stipitatum, 4-6-pollicare, 8-10 lin. latum, glabrum y. minute rufo-tomentellum, valvis coriaceo-chartaceis.— W. et Arn.! Prod. Fl. Penins. 277; Oliv. ! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 345. : | Mimosa pennata, Linn. Spec. 1507. | M. ferruginea, Rottl. ex ch ar. in Spreng. Syst. ii. 207, et ex W. et Arn. non Rottl. in Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. N. Schr. que 4. leucophlea. Acacia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 531 M. torta, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 566. Acacia arrophula, Don ! Prod. Fl. Nep. 247. A. megaladena, Desv. ! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 69. Mimosa pentagona, Schum. et Thonn.! Beskr. Pl, Guin. 324. Acacia pentagona, Hook. f. ! Fl. Nigr. 331. A. pentaptera, Welw. Apont. Phytogeogr. 584, an distincta? (Oliv. l. c.). A. pterophylla, Hoffm. Verz. 207, ex DC. ۰ A. prensans, Lowe in Bot. Mag. t. 3408. A. cesia, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5253 4, non Willd. ` A. canescens, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5256. A. amblycarpa, Grah. ! in Wall. 1. c. n. 5260. ` 4. philippinarum, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 514, quoad Cuming, n. 958. A. tomentella, Zipp. in Miq.! Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 13. A. paludosa, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 14, ex char. Inga tenerrima, Jungh.! MS. ; 1 Albizzia tenerrima, De Vries! Pl. Jungh. i. 270. Acacia tenerrima, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 14, t. 1 4. Hab. "Tropical and subtropieal Asia and tropical Africa. Like the 4. cesia, this widely diffused species is very variable, especially in indumentum. The more pubescent form has often the flower-heads tinged with purple, as represented in the figure quoted from the Botanical Magazine. The glabrous forms, when the leaflets are small, approach the American A. paniculata ; but the leaflets are not so neat and shining, nor the nerve so marginal as in that species. 499. A. PLURICAPITATA, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Scandens, tomentosa v. glabrescens. Aculei parvi, recurvi, crebri. Pinns 20-25-jug®; glandule parva, elevate, petiolares et inter pinnas parium plurimorum ; foliola ultra 30-juga, anguste linearia, ad 2 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus sericea. Capitula paniculata, parva. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. 516. A. polycephala, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5255, non DC. Hab. Tropical Asia: Penang, Java, Philippine Islands. ۱ Very near some forms of A. pennata, but the pinne more numerous; and in all the specimens seen distinguished by the small raised petiolar glands. A80. A. conctnna, DC.! Prod. ii. 464. Alte scandens, subarborea, tomentosa v. glabrescens. Aculei recurvi, crebri. Pinn® 4-8-jug® ; glandule verrucieformes ; foliola 12-30-juga, dimidiato-oblonga v. oblique linearia, obtusa, 3-6 lin. longa. Capitula ad nodos fasciculata pedunculata V. subpaniculato-racemosa. Legumen si eats mpage 3-5-pollicare, ¿-1 poll. latum, vix tardius dehiscens, inter semina linea transversa depressum, et scepius in articulos monospermos secedens. Mimosa concinna, Willd. Spec. iv. 1039. ' Mimosa rugata, Lam. ! Dict. i. 20. : Acacia rugata, Hamilt.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5251. Acacia saponaria, Heyne, Herb. Mimosa abstergens, Roxb. in Spreng. Syst. ii. 207. ;a polycephala, DC. Prod. ii. 473. | dd زد موی‎ E ! in Hook. Lond. J ourn. i. 514, quoad n. 1166 Cumingn. - A. Hooperiana, Zipp. in Miq.! Fl. Ind. Bat. 1. parsı. n 532 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJE. [ Acacia, Hab. Tropical Asia: Eastern provinces of India and the Archipelago ; perhaps also in Mauritius; but Sieber's specimens, n. 252, may possibly have been cultivated. The peculiar fleshy pod, often articulate, of this species, does not appear to me sufficiently to warrant the establishing it as a distinct genus without any other character, when the habit and foliage so closely resemble those of A. pennata, that without the fruit it is sometimes scarcely possible to distinguish them. The inflorescence is less paniculate. ; Series 6. FILICINÆ. Frutices inermes, erecti, hirsuti v. glabrati. Pinnz pluri- y. multijugee, petiolo com- muni eglanduloso; foliola multijuga, parvula. Capitula globosa v. ovoidea, summa paniculata, inferiora ssepe axillaria. Flores pedicellati. Stamina alba, nunc pallide fulva y. rosea. Legumen planum, valvis tenuibus, marginibus nerviformibus cras- siusculis. 431. A. VILLOSA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1067. Villoso-hirsuta v. rarius glabrata. Pinnæ 4-10-juge ; foliola 12-30-juga, late oblonga, obtusa v. acutiuscula, 2-4 lin. longa. Pe- dunculi plerique axillares, summi pauci paniculati. Legumen longiuscule stipitatum 13-2-pollicare, 5-6 lin. latum. Mimosa villosa, Swartz! Fl. Ind. Occid. ii. 982. Mimosa arborea, Linn. ! Herb. et Spec. 1503, quoad deser., excl. diagn. et syn. Acacia lophanthoides, DC.! Prod. ii. 457. A. carbonaria, Schlecht. in Linnza, xii. 571. A. Valenzuelana, A. Rich.! Fl Cub. i. 462. A. Cumingii, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. i. 525. Hab. "Tropical Ameriea: Central America, South Mexico, and West Indies. The nearly glabrous form upon which I had founded 4. Cumingii occurs also with the common hirsute form in Jamaica. 432. A. FILICINA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1072. Piloso-hirsuta v. glabrata. Pinnze 5-20- juge ; foliola 10-60-juga, linearia v. lineari- oblonga, acuta v. obtusiuscula, 11-2 rarius fere 3 lin. longa. Capitula pleraque paniculata. Legumen stipitatum, 1-2 rarius 3 poll. longum, 3-5 lin. latum. Mimosa filicioides, Cav. Ic.i. 55, t. 78. M. ptericina, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 74. M. angustissima, Mill.! Dict. n. 20. - Acacia penicillifera, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 16. - A. umbellifera, Kunth ! Mim. 100, t. 31. vA. chlorantha, Zucc. in Abhandl. Baier. Acad. Wiss. i. 349, ex char. - A. hirta, Nutt. ! et A. texensis, Torr. et Gr.! Fl. N. Amer. i. 404. “A. glabrata, A. elegans, A. hirsuta, A. cuspidata, et 4 A Hartwegi, Benth. ! Pl. Hartw. 13. “A. elegans et A. insignis, Mart. et Gal.! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. pars ii, 313. 4. angulosa, Bertol. Fl. Guatem. 42, ex descr. Hab. Tropical and Northern subtropical America, Mexico, Texas, and Arkansas, Central America, Columbia, | ind Now that I have had a very large number of specimens before me from a great variety of stations, I find the characters derived from the degree of hairiness, the number of pinnæ and leaflets, upon which the NS 1 . stipellata, Schlecht. Linnza, xii. 569, ad 574: Acacia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE. 533 several species had been distinguished, quite untenable; and however different the glabrous and hirsute forms may appear when exhibited in a few marked specimens, it becomes impossible to define distinct varieties amongst the numerous intermediate ones. The species, abundant as it is in Central America, does not appear to extend into South America beyond the basin of the Magdalena. XXI. LxvsiLoMA, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 595. This genus, about which I had entertained considerable doubts, has been in a great measure con- firmed as more of the fruits have become known. Among all the Ingec or Mimosee with monadelphous stamens it is the one which comes the nearest to Acacia ; and the pod at first sight appears to be that which prevails in Piptadenia, Leucena, Acacia, and Albizzia, thin and flat, with thickened more or less nerve-like margins. In those four genera, however, the margins split at maturity, and the whole pod separates into two entire valves, whilst in Lysiloma generally the margins remain undivided, as in Entada and Mimosa, the intermediate thin valves ultimately falling away from them, or perhaps not separating till they rot or irregularly break away. I have now, however, to add a very distinct species, the Acacia Guachapele of Kunth, which in every respect connects the American Lysilome with the Asiatic Albizzie. The umbellate inflorescence, the calyx, corolla, and long stamens are very nearly those of the widely spread Albizzia Lebbek; and the foliage, although really distinct, is in many respects so similar, that I had at first thought it might have been an introduced specimen of that species‘; but the indumentum and form of the leaflets are different ; the flowers are, on examination, readily distingnish- ` able, and the pod, as far as I have been able to ascertain, opens partially only along the inner margin, whilst the dorsal margin, thicker than the inner one, remains indivisible, as in all other Lysilomas. Almost, if not quite, the whole of the species of this genus have large membranous stipules to the young leaves, which sometimes remain long persistent, although in most fruiting and many flowering specimens they have all, or nearly all, fallen away. * Flores umbellati. Leguminis margo interior (an semper ?) dehiscens. Ad GUACHAPELE, Benth. Rufo-tomentela. Pinnæ 35-juga ; foliola 4-6-juga, obovata v. oblongo-subrhombea, $-13-pollicaria. Stamina ultrapollicaria. Acacia Guachapele, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 281. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: woods near Guayaquil, Humboldt and Bonpland; Taboga, anama, Sutton Hayes. Albizzie Lebbek. : Ramuli petioli et Foliorum pinne secus petiolum omnia obtusissima v. retusa, , 1-1}-pollicares. Umbelle Flores ultra 20. Pedicelli 34 lin. longi, uti calyces tomentosi. Calyx anguste campanulatus, 1j lin. longus. Corolla infundibu- laris, 3—4-linearis. limbo latiusculo. Stamina 15-20, fere 14 poll. longa, basi in tubum brevem coroll i biel initi coalita. Legumen 6-10 poll. longum, 13-13 poll. latum, Lez memet: marginibus -€— i-i d interiore demum fisso, dorsali crassiore indiviso, valvis planis tenuissimis demum nerviformi-in is, D و‎ deliquescentibus v. partim dehiscentibus. 534 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE. [Lysiloma, ** Flores globoso-capitati. Leguminis margo undique indivisus. 2. L. TERGEMINA, Benth., sp. n. Glabra. Pinne unijuge; foliola sesquijuga, oblique obovata v. oblonga, ultrapollicaria, obtusissima. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Puebla district, Andrieux, n. 403. Also in Pavon's collection, marked ** Mimosa carnosa, del Peru," but probably a misplaced label, and the plant really from Mocino and Sessé's Mexican collection. Frutex v. arbor, ramulis teretiusculis, cortice albido, primo intuitu stipulis delapsis Calliandram terge- minam referens, Stipulæ orbiculatæ, basi cordatæ, obtusissimæ v. acutiusculæ, sæpe semipollicem ex- cedentes, per anthesin interdum persistentes, a specimine fructifero jam delapsæ. Foliorum petiolus communis et pinnarum rhachis raro semipollicem excedunt. Glandula umbonata inter pinnas, et inter foliola terminalia. Foliorum majorum foliola terminalia 2-3 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, obtusissima v. rarius hinc inde acutiuscula, basi dimidiato-semicordata, rigide membranacea, pennivenia et reticulato- venulosa, laterale cujusve pinnze multo minus et minus inæquale, et in aliis speciminibus foliola omnia vix pollicem excedunt. Pedunculi axillares, graciles, 1-13-pollicares. . Capitula dense multiflora. Bracteole parva, lineares, subspathulatz. Flores glabri. Calyx membranaceus, ö-fidus, 14 lin. longus. Corolla 5-fida, membranacea, 2 lin. longa. Stamina ad 30, corolla plus triplo longiora, filamentis tenuissimis, in tubum corolla breviorem connatis. Legumen stipitatum, glaberrimum, glaucum, ad 5 poll. longum, 13 poll. latum, margine nerviformi persistente, valvis membranaceis circa semina diu cohzerentibus a margine demum solutis. 3. L. SABICU, Benth. 1 in Hook. Kew Journ. vi. 236. Glabra. Petioli tenues; pinnse dissite 2-3-jugz ; foliola laxe 4-5-juga, oblique obovalia v. late oblonga, obtusissima, sub- semipolliearia. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 13 poll. latum. Acacia formosa, A. Rich.! Fl. Cub. i.463 non Kunth. Leucena formosa, Griseb. ! Cat. Pl. Cub. 82. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Ramon de la Sagra, Wright, n. 2399. 4. L. LATISILIQUA, Benth. Glabra v. vix pilosula., Pinnz 24-juge ; foliola 10-20- juga, oblique ovata v. oblonga, obtusa, 3-6 lin. longa. | Mimosa latisiliqua, Linn. Spec. 1504, ad ic. Plum. ed. Burm. t. 6. Acacia latisiliqua, Willd. Spec. iv. 1067. ` Ee Lysiloma bahamensis, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 82. Acacia bahamensis, Griseb.! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 221. Hab. "Tropical and subtropical N. America : ** American islands ” (Plumier' , Bahamas, Swainson; Key West, Florida, Rigel, n. 212; and apparently the same species, Caraccas, Bredemeyer. Rami verrucosi, ramuli folia et inflorescentia glabra v. vix pilosula siccitate nigrescunt. pollicares, foliacez, ovate, acutz, basi hinc late semicordato-auriculate, i persistentes, sepius caduce. Foliorum petiolus communis 2-3- Stipule semi- | j costa parum excentrica, additis interdum venis l-2 lateralibus brevibus. Pedunculi 3-1} poll. longi, solitarii v. fasciculati, in axillis supe- rioribus v.inracemum brevem terminalem dispositi. Capitula dense globosa, absque staminibus 3-4 lin. diametro, ante anthesin canescentia. Calyx lineam longus, membranaceus, late 5-dentatus. Corolla paullo longior, semi-5-fida. Stamina ad 20, corolla duplo longiora, tubo corolla dimidio breviore. Le- sumen ex icone Plumeriana longe stipitatum, semipedale, 14 poll. latum. e Plumier's figure and description, upon which Linnzus established the species, leave no doubt as to the Lysiloma.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 535 identity of his plant with the one above described. The specimen, however, in the Linnean herbarium from the Upsala garden, named Mimosa latisiliqua, is evidently the common Leucena glauca; and in other old herbaria I have found Mimosa or Acacia latisiliqua represented by Leucena trichodes, or Albizzia . Julibrissin. 5. L. POLYPHYLLA, Benth. Glabra v. minute puberula. Pinne 3-8-juge; foliola multijuga, linearia, insequilatera, mucronulata, ad 3 lin. longa, puberula, costa valde excentrica v. fere marginali. Acacia polyphylla, Clos! in C. Gay, Fl. Chil. ii. 254. Hab. Subtropical South America: Chivesivi valley, south of La Paz, in Bolivia, at an elevation of 8500 to 10,000 feet, Pentland. Cultivated in the province of Coquimbo, probably from Tucuman, C. Gay. .. Valde affinis L. Schiedeane, foliorum forma et venatio parum diverse. Stipule a speciminibus jam delapse. Glandule parve, rare. Pedunculi 1-1}-pollicares, fasciculati. Capitula densa, canescentia, omnino L. Schiedeane. Calyx membranaceus, lineam longus. Corolla duplo longior, apice breviter 4-fida. Stamina fere 50, semipollicaria, tubo corolla parum breviore et ab hac a basi libero. Legumen omnino L. Schiedeane. 6. L. SCHIEDEANA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 88; Bot. Sulph. 91, t. 31, Glabra v. minute puberula. Pinnz 6-8-juge ; foliola multijuga, linearia, ad 3 lin. longa, glabra, costa subcentrali. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum. Acacie species incerta sexta, Schiede in Linnea, v. 596, xii. 573. Mimosa divaricata, Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. iii. 76, t. 395, ex ic. et descr. Acacia divaricata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1070. Hab. Tropical America: near Tampico, Schiede ; Central America, Sinclair ; island of San Lucas, (Ersted. 7. L. AURITA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 83. Ramuli petioli et و‎ tomentelli.. Pinnæ 20-95-jug:e ; foliola multijuga, linearia, ciliolata, vix sesquilinearia. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, pollicem latum. Acacia aurita, Schlecht.! in Linnza, xii. 572. Hab. Tropical America: “ Malpays de Naulingo," in Mexico, Schiede; Guatemala, Skinner ; Segovia, (Ersted. _ Leguminis valve tenues, rigidule, glabrze, demum ut videtur a marginibus indivisis solvendze. The above description of the pod i is taken from (Ersted’s fruiting specimens, which, although the large stipules are already fallen away, appear to belong to the same species. 8. L. MICROPHYLLA, Benth. ? in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 83. Pubescens. Stipule lan- ` ceolate, pubescentes, quam in preecedentibus multo angustiores. Pinne 5-8-jugæ ; foliola multijuga, 1-2-linearia, subtus puberula. Acacia arborea, Benth. ! Pl. Hartw. 13, non Willd. 7 : : Hab. Tropical America: Leon in Mexico, Hartweg ; Cape S. Lucas, Lower California, Aan aa Legumen breviter stipitatum, 3—4 poll. Habitus fere Pithecolobii parvifolii. Flores valde diversi longum, 5-8 lin. latum, erie leve, valvis tenuiter e ES a margine nerviformi indiviso per- sistente secedentibus. | 4 ۸ VOL. XXX. 536 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Lysiloma. *** Flores cylindraceo-spicati. Leguminis margo indivisus. 9. L. ACAPULCENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 83. Pubescens. (Stipule parve?) Pinne 7-12-juge; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, pilosula, ` costa subcentrali. Legumen semipedale, 14 poll. latum. Acacia acapulcensis, Kunth ! Mim. 78, t. 24. A. desmostachya, Benth. ! Pl. Hartw. 13. Lysiloma desmostachya, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 84. Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, near Acapulco, Humboldt and Bonpland ; near Leon, Hartweg, n, 75; Volcan de Santa Barbara, Berlandier, n. 3144. i Petiolorum glandula in specimine Bonplandiano minus elevata quam in Hartwegianis et Berlandierianis, ceterum conveniunt. Foliola in omnibus adpresse pilosula. Stamina ad 30, etiam in specimine Bon- plandiano corolla subtriplo longiora. Leguminis margo solutus latiusculus. i 10. L. ROSTRATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 84. Scandens, glabra. Stipule orbiculatz, 1-13 lin. late. Pinnæ 6-8-juge. Foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia, costa submarginali. Acacia rostrata, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1060. Mimosa rostrata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 66. Mimosa ignava, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 259. Hab. "Tropical America : New Granada, on the banks of the Magdalena, Humboldt and Bonpland. | Stipulz ad innovationes persistentes, rigidule, striate, a ramis foliatis delapsz. Foliola glaberrima, acuta. Spice ad axillas fasciculate. Stamina plurima, basi monadelpha. Legumen 3-4 poll. longum, 6 lin. latum, planum, coriaceum, valvis in articulos 12-15 plus minus distincte a margine nerviformi per- sistente secedentibus. An anomalous species, with the pod almost of a Mimosa, but which on an inspection of the original specimen at Paris (in fruit only, with remains of flowers), as well as from Kunth's description, appeared to me to be an undoubted Lysiloma, with indefinite rather numerous monadelphous stamens. The transverse breaking up of the valves at maturity, exceptional in this genus as in a few species of Pithecolobium and Acacia, is not constant in Mimosa. $ XXII. CALLIANDRA, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 596. The heteromorphous flowers which occur in the centre of the eromc € flower-head of many species of this genus, — and sometimes in a few species of Pithecolobium, appear in a few instances to be the result of insect punc- ture. In many cases, however, they must be constitutional and uninjured ; for they are then even more fertile than the normal ones. I have found no albumen in any ofthe seeds I have examined ; the radicle - is entirely enclosed within the cotyledons, which are often attached far above the base, and sometimes (in C. Harrisii) borne on minute stalks or petioles. The genus is a natural one, and I have been unable to divide it into distinct sections; those sed by Grisebach have proved untenable when applied to the species of continental South America. The - following series are founded chiefly on foliage and inflorescence .— Series 1. MacRoPHYLLE. Pinn® unijugz. Foliola 1-3-juga, paris terminalis 11-8-pollicaria. Flores sessiles.—Species 1-21. | Series 2. LÆTEVIRENTES. Pinne bi. v. plurijuge. Foliola pluri-, szepius multijuga, infrapollicaria, mem- branacea. Flores sessiles.—Species 22-33, : | se Series 3. PEDICELLATA, Pinnz 1-2-juge. Foliola pluri- v. multijuga. Flores in umbellulis lon- giuscule pedicellati. Corolla mémbranacea.— Species 34-37. s FO. Y, Calliandra.] . MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 537 Series 4. Nirma. Pinne uni- v. plurijugw. Foliola pluri-, sepius multijuga, parva, rarius semipolli- caria, seepius nitida. Flores sessiles, rarius breviter pedicellati. Corolla sepius striata.—Species 38-95. Series 5. Racemosa#. Pinne multijuge. Foliola multijuga, parva. Capitula pauciflora, longe race- mosa v. thyrsoideo-paniculata.— Species 96-100. Glandule petiolares adsunt in speciebus 2 Brasiliensibus Letevirentium et in speciebus 2 Gerontogeis Nitidarum. ۱ Stipule spinescentes in speciebus 2 Gerontogeis et 1 Andina Macrophyllarum, in specie 1 Pedicella- tarum et in speciebus 3 Americanis et 1 Asiatica Nitidarum. Spice oblong:e v. cylindracez in specie 1 Madagascariensi. Series 1. MACROPHYLLE. Pinne i-l-jugs. Foliola 1-13-juga, rarius 2-6-juga, coriacea v. rigidule chartacea, terminalia szepius pollicem excedentia et interdum 6-8-pollicaria. Pedunculi, excepta C. amazonica, ad axillas v. ad nodos vetustos solitarii fasciculati v. breviter racemosi. Flores in capitulo sessiles, glabri v. rarius pubescentes. Calyx, excepta C. amazonica, breviter dentatus. Legumen, excepta C. mollissima, glabrum. * Bifoliolate. Foliola in toto folio 2, ad apicem petioli articulata. 1. C. CYNOMETROIDES, Bedd.! Fl. Sylv. t. 317. Glabra. Stipule spinescentes v. ob- solete. Foliola elliptica, seepe obliqua, pennivenia, 3—4-pollicaria. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx minimus. Corolla trifida. Legumen leviter faleatum, 4-5-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, valvis rigide coriaceis intra margines incrassatos transverse reticulatis. Hab. Tropical Asia : East-Indian peninsula, mountains of Tinnivelly and Travancore, Beddome. .9. O. HYMENZOIDES, Benth. Glabra. Stipule parve, innocue. Foliola faleato- ovata, obtuse acuminata, 14-24-pollicaria, nitida, 2-3-nervia. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 4 lin. longa. Legumen lignosum, 2-3-pollicare. 4-5 lin. latum, valvis inter margines latos elevatos venosis. — Inga hymeneoides, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 70; DC.! Prod. ii. 436. Mimosa hymenaodes, Pers. Syn. ii. 262. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne. In this species the leaf appeared to be reduced to a single pinna, the petiole articulate on an exceedingly short common petiole, the other pinna deficient. In C. cynometroides 1 can see no articulation at the base of the petiole. es ine Foliola in utraque pinna 1-juga, addito sepius foliolo tertio inferiore minore. 3. C. GRIFFITHII, Baker! in Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. ined. Glabra, foliosa. Pinnz 1-jugir, petiolo brevi tenui; foliola 1-juga, lanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata, acute acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, nitida, 14-21-pollicaria, addito sepius tertio minore. Pedunculi filiformes, LIRE e Flores sessiles, tenues, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 4-5 lin. longa. Legumen ign Hab. Subtropical Le da Hindi, Griffith. 4. C. UMBROSA, Benth. ! in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 597. Glabra. Stipule spines- 4A2 538 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Calliandra, centes v. obsolete. Pinn® 1-juge; foliola unijuga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, parum obliqua, pennivenia, 4-6-pollicaria v. in ramis sterilibus duplo majora, addito sepe tertio minore. Pedunculi breves. ‘Calyx vix lineam, corolla 4 lin. longa. Stamina albida, tubo vix exserto. Legumen leviter faleatum, 4-6-pollicare, 8-10 lin. latum, valvis inter margines elevatos rigide coriaceis transverse reticulatis. Inga umbrosa, Wall. ! Pl. As. Rar. ii. 23, t. 124. Albizzia umbrosa, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. 86. Hab. Subtropical Asia: Silhet, Wallich, J. D. Hooker. 5. C. AMAZONICA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 94. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, faleato-ovata, obtuse acuminata, 4-7-pollicaria, elevato- 2-3-nervia, addito rarissime tertio minore. Panicula laxissime divaricata, pedunculis ad nodos distantes fasciculatis. Calyx 5-fidus 3 lin., corolla membranacea 23 lin. longa. Legumen tenuiter coriaceum, 8-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Inga bauhiniefolia, Poepp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 80, t. 290. Hab. Tropical America: Amazonian district of Peru. 6. C. TRINERVIA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 94. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, faleato-ovata, obtuse acuminata, 3-6-pollicaria, elevato-2-3-nervia, addito seepissime tertio minore. Pedunculi axillares. Calyx breviter dentatus 4 lin., corolla 34 lin. longa, striata. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil and Venezuela, along the Rio Negro. 7. C. BOMBYCINA, Spruce! sp. n. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge; foliola sepius 2-juga, faleato-ovata, obtuse acuminata, 3-nervia, terminalia sub-4-pollicaria. Pedunculi sub- fasciculati. Calyx 13 lin., corolla ad 6 lin. longa. Legumen coriaceum, 4-5-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru on the Huallaga, where the rich-coloured silky flower-heads are much used as ornaments for the hair, Spruce n. 4235, Arbor fide Sprucei 18-pedalis, habitu et foliis fere C. trinervie, floribus duplo majoribus statim dignos- cenda. Foliolorum par infimum szepius adest perfectum, exteriore 13-2-pollicare, interiore multo minore, interdum ut in C. trinervia deficiente. Stipulz late ovate, obtuse, rigidz, striate. Pedunculi 4-1-pol- licares, nunc ad nodos fasciculati, nune in ramo brevi aphyllo dissiti, basi bracteis stipulaceis cincti. Corolle rigidule, striate. Stamina bipollicaria et longiora, tubo incluso v. vix exserto. Legumen rectum. v. leviter curvum, leve, more generis basin versus longe contractum, marginibus valde in- crassatis. 8. C. CARBONARIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 95. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, falcato-oblonga, obtuse acuminata, elevato-2-3-nervia, 3-5-pollicaria, addito interdum tertio minore. Pedunculi subfasciculati. Calyx 14 lin., corolla 4-43. lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen pollicare, 7-8 lin. latum. | Hab. Tropical America: Andes of Quito, Jameson; prov. Popayan, Hartweg, n. 964; also apparently the same on Mount Aguacate in Central America, (Ersted. : 9. C. LONGIPES, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Humilis, glabra. Pinnsz 1-juge; | foliola 1-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, 2-3-polliearia, coriacea, costa valida, nervis | Calliandra.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ ! 539 1-2 tenuioribus, addito tertio minore. Pedunculi subradicales, 6—8-pollieares. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 5 lin. longa. Legumen junius jam 3-pollicare, 4 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 10. C. EMARGINATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 95. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtusa v. breviter acuminata, 13-23-pollicaria, tenuiter coriacea, sub-3-nervia, reticulata, nitidula, addito tertio minore. Pedunculi ad nodos fascieulati v. breviter racemosi. Calyx linea brevior. Corolla vix 3 lin. longa. Legumen haud crassum, glabrum, 3-4-pollicare, 3 poll. latum. Inga emarginata, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1009; Kunth! Mim. t. 17. Inga coriacea, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1010. Mimosa emarginata et M. coriacea, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 39. Calliandra coriacea, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii 95. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico near Acapulco, Humboldt and Bonpland; near Con- saquitla, Liebmann ; New Spain, Herb. Pavon. 11. C. GLYPHOXYLON, Spruce!, sp. n. Glabra v. pilosula. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola sub- falcata, ovato-oblonga, obtusa v. breviter acuminata, elevato-2-3-nervia, 13-23-pollicaria, addito tertio minore. Pedunculi 4-1-pollicares. Calyx vix lineam longus. Corolla 3-31 lin. Legumen rigide coriaceum, 3-4-pollicare, 3-6 lin. latum, valvis venosis. Hab. Tropical America: Pallatanga in Ecuador, called by the Quitonians * Palo de las siete vueltas," because the branches are traversed under the bark by seven or more slightly spiral strize, Spruce, n. 5571. 8 Arbor ramosa, 20-pedalis, pilis paucis presertim in rhachibus foliorum et partibus novellis seepius con- spersa. Stipule lanceolato-subulate, parve. Foliorum petiolus communis in forma typica 2-3 lin. longus, pinnarum rhaches duplo longiores. Stipelle brevissime v. obsolete. Stamina alba v. rosea in eadem planta (Spruce), tubo vix exserto. Leguminis forma omnino generis. Var. GLABERRIMA, foliorum petiolo communi sepe 3-1 -pollicari, rhachibus pinnarum brevioribus, foliolis angustioribus.— V alley of the Magdalena, Triana. : 19. C. ANGUSTIFOLIA, Spruce 1, sp. n. Glabra. Pinnæ 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, anguste oblonga, valde obliqua, 1-13-pollicaria, coriacea, nitidula, sub-2-nervia, addito tertio uli 2-4 lin. longi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla fere 3lin.longa. Legu- multo minore. Peduneuli ۱ i | Leg men sublignosum, 3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, marginibus valde incrassatis, valvis vix venosis. Hab. Tropical America : Eastern Peru, very abundant on the banks of the Huallaga he Mayo rivers, Spruce, n. 4466. 3 and the May le breves, rigidze, acutissime. Folia Arbor 15-20-pedalis, patule ramosa, ramis longis rigidis. ; Stipu rigide, a conferta, foliolis quam in omnibus affinibus multo angustioribus. Pedunculi rigiduli. Leguminis mar- gines valde incrassati. 13. C. TERGEMINA, Benth, ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 96. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovali-oblonga, obtusa, tenuiter coriacea, 2-14-pollicaria, addito tertio minore. Pedunculi subfiliformes. Calyx vix 2 lin., corolla 3-31 lin. longa. Le- gumen 3-4- pollicare, 3-31 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus. Mimosa tergemina, Linn. Spec. 1499. Inga tergemina, Willd. Spec. iv. 1008. 540 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Calliandra. Inga caripensis, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1009. Mimosa caripensis, Poir. Dict. Suppl. 1. 39. yá Hab. Tropical America : West Indies; Trinidad, St. Vincent's, Martinique, Dominica, St. Lucia, etc.; Venezuela, Caripe near Cumana, Humboldt and Bonpland, Puerto Ca- bello, Karsten. 14. C. SEEMANNI, Benth. ! in Seem. Bot. Her. 116, t. 22. Glabra v. tenuissime pube- rula. Pinnæ 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa v. acutiuscula, tenuiter coriacea, ¿-1-pollicaria, addito tertio minore. Pedunculi subfiliformes. Calyx 13 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus. Inga semicordata, Bertol. Fl. Guatem. 41? ex descr. . Hab. Tropical America: Veragua, Seemann; Cumana, Funcke, n. 569; between Va- lencia and San Estevan, Fendler, n. 2253. 1 This species closely resembles C. tergemina ; but the calyx, half instead of only one sixth the length of the corolla, appears to be constant. 15. C. Hannisr, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 95. Molliter pubescens v. glabra, Pinn® 1-jugs; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovali-oblonga, subfalcata, obtusa , uninervia v. inzqualiter 2-3-nervia, reticulato-pennivenia, bipollicaria, addito tertio minore. Pedun- culi axillares, breves. Calyx 1j lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen sub-4-pollicare, valvis crassis lignoso-suberosis subteres, marginibus haud incrassatis, more generis tamen basin versus attenuatum, valvis dehiscentia elastice revolutis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Inga Harrisii, Lindl.! Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 41; Bot. Mag. t. 4238. Calliandra cylindrocarpa, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 96. Clelia ornata, Casar. Nov. Stirp. Dec. 84. Hab. Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. The foliage is that of C. tergemina. The I. Harrisii, Lindl., was said to be from Mexico. The spe- cimens differed from those I formerly possessed of the Brazilian C. cylindrocarpa in their pubescence; and I had not seen the fruit; so I concluded the two were distinct. I have, however, since seen the fruit of the garden 1. Harrisii, which is precisely that of the C. cylindrocarpa ; and among the numerous Rio Janeiro specimens in the various herbaria I have now had before me, many pubescent ones, often mixed with the glabrous ones, agree so precisely with the garden ones, that I feel obliged to conclude that all belong to one species, introduced from Rio Janeiro, and not from Mexico. The fruit is peculiar in the genus. 16. C. CANESCENS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 96. Molliter pubescens. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-, rarius 2-juga, terminalia, oblique obovali-oblonga, obtusa, 1-nervia, reticulato-venosa, ¿ poll. longa, tertio minore, quarto minimo v. deficiente, Pedunculi rigiduli, 1-2-pollicares. Flores villosi. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Inga canescens, Cham. et Schlecht.! in Linnea, v. 592. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Schiede (Herb. Berol.). *** Foliola perfecte 2-6-juga, addito interdum foliolo infimo solitario. _ 17. C. suBNERvOsa, Benth. in Herb. Boiss. sp. n. Pilosula. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola — 2-juga, terminalia, dimidiato-oblonga, nitidula, 2-3-nervia, 1-12-pollicaria, Pedunculi | Calliandra.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 541 breves. Calyx linea longior. Corolla 3-linearis membranacea. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, crassum, sublignosum, glabrum. Mimosa subnervosa, Pavon, in Herb. Boiss. Hab. Tropical America: Guayaquil, Tafalla. Species C. tergemine affinis, sed foliolorum jugo inferiore perfecto, pinnis stipellatis aliisque notis distincta. Ramuli divaricati, striati, pilis brevibus plas minus pubescentes. Stipulz persistentes striate, e basi lata longe acuminate, 2—5-lineares. Foliorum petiolus communis j-1-pollicaris ; pinnarum rhaches breviores, basi stipella lato-lanceolata acuta 1-2 lin. longa stipate. Foliola margine ciliata, inferiora terminalibus multo minora. Flores in capitulo haud numerosi, glabri. 18. C. GUILDINGII, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 96. Glaberrima. Pinnæ 1-jugee; foliola 2-3-juga, terminalia oblique ovata, obtuse acuminata, 13-pollicaria, sub- 3-nervia, nitida, inferiora rhomboidea, interioribus minoribus. Pedunculi 14-2-pollicares. Calyx 13-linearis, striatus. Corolla 5 lin. longa, vix striata. Legumen leviter falcatum, lignosum, 4-5-pollicare.—Griseb. ! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 225. Hab. "Tropical America: Trinidad and St. Vincent's. 19. C. FALCATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 97. Molliter rufo-villosa. Pinn:e 1-juge; foliola 3-4-juga, terminalia falcato-semiovata, obtuse acuminata, 2-3-nervia, 2-3-pollicaria, nitidula, pubescentia, inferiora minora, Pedunculi 1}-pollicares. Flores pubescentes. Calyx ¿lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen rufo-pubescens v. glabratum, sublignosum, 2-21-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America : Venezuela, near Caraccas, Birschell, Fendler n. 352, Funcke n. 370. 20. C. MOLLISSIMA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 97. Flavescenti- y. sericeo-vil- losa. Pinnæ 1-jugee; foliola sub-4-juga, oblique obovata, 2-nervia, terminalia 1-14-pol- licaria. Pedunculi 1-2-pollicares. Flores glabriusculi. Corolla calyce quadruplo longior. Legumen lignosum, tomentoso-villosum, 3-4-pollicare, ad 5 lin. latum. Inga mollissima, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1023, Kunth ! Mim. t. 19. Mimosa mollissima, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 46. Hab. Tropical America: North Peru, prov. Jean de Bracamoras, near Guerocotillo, between the Amazon and the Choto, Humboldt and Bonpland. 91. C. ACULEATA, Spruce, sp. n. Glabra v. vix hine inde pilosula. Stipule breves, supe spinescentes. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 5-6-juga, oblique ovato-lanceolata y. oblonga, acuta v. rarius obtusa, terminalia 1-2-pollicaria, 1-2-nervia, nitidula. Pedunculi 2-polli- cares. Calyx vix lineam longus. Corolla membranacea, 21 lin. longa. Legumen 4-5- pollicare, 4 lin. latum, glabrum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus. 3 Hab. Tropical America : Ecuador, at the foot of Mount Tunguragua, Spruce, n. hy Arbor 30-pedalis. Stipulz breves, rigidee, lineari-lanceolate ۲۰ comieze, apice — DUUM o x orum petiolus communis subsemipollicaris, pinnarum rhaches — tenues. a : p eriora terminalibus paullo minora, paris infimi adhuc minora, interiore sæpe deficiente v. minimo. yx breviter dentatus. Stamina rosea, tubo vix exserto. ۳۹ کر‎ (See also 55. C. hematocephala, which approaches the Macrophylle in foliage.) 542 MR. G. BENTHAM.ON THE MIMOSEA. o— Series 2. LETEVIRENTES. Pinne 2- v. pluri-juge. Foliola pluri- v. multijuga, parva v. rarius subpollicaria, mem- branacea, leetevirentia. Pedunculi ad axillas v. ad nodos vetustos solitarii fasciculati v. breviter racemosi. Flores sessiles. Calyx ad medium v. profunde 5-fidus. Corolla membranacea. Filamenta alba v. rosea, rarius intensius colorata. 22. C. CAPILLATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 98. Glabra. Pinne 2-3-juge; foliola 3-4-juga, valde obliqua, obovato-elliptica, terminalia sspe pollicem excedentia. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 24 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, foot of Mount San Felipe, Andrieus, n. 404. "23. C. FORMOSA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 98. Glabra. Pinnæ 2-3-juge; foliola 4-8-juga, obovali-elliptiea, valde obliqua, 6-9 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen C. portoricensis, 2-3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. - latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Acacia formosa, Kunth! Mim. 102. t. 32. Calliandra viridiflora, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 98. Acacia gracilis, Mart. et Gal.! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 311. Calliandra gracilis, Griseb. ! in Mem. Amer. Acad. viii. 180, pro parte. C. marginata, Griseb.! in Herb. Hook. Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Mexico, and, apparently the same species, Bolivia, Bridges; Mattogrosso and Paraguay, Weddell; Sant’ lago del Estero, T'weedie. The species is closely allied to C. portoricensis, distinguished chiefly by the fewer, larger, broader leaflets. i 24. C. GRACILIS, Klotzsch ! Herb.; Baker ! in Saund. Refug. Bot.t. 294. Pubescens. Pinne 2-3-jug® ; foliola 4-6-juga, obovata v. late oblonga, valde obliqua, terminalia ad . | i poll longa, subtus molliter pubescentia. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 1; lin. longa. Stamina alba. Legumen C. portoricensis, 2-3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum. - Hab. Tropieal Ameriea: Venezuela, near La Guayra, Fendler, n. 358, Otto, n. 404, Moritz, n. 887. ۰ Differs from C. formosa chiefly in the pubescence. 7 25. C. SCUTELLIFERA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. ii. 98. Glabra v. leviter puberula. Pinne 2-3-juge ; glandula scutellata ad basin petioli, parve- que inter pinnas ; foliola 6-9-juga, obovato-oblonga, terminalia 6-8 lin. longa. Corolla 13 lin. longa. Stamina rubra, basi alba. Legumen C. portoricensis, 3-4-pollicare.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Negro and Goyaz. Distinguished from the preceding chiefly by the petiolar glands. - : 26. C. FILIPES, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139 i toni. Journ. iii. 99. Puberula. Pinnæ 3-4-juge; glandule in petiolo et inter pinnas parvae; foliola 10-16-juga, di- midiato-oblonga, 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, | prov. Minas Geraes or Goyaz. Closely allied to C. portoricensis, but more slender, and the glands appear to be constant. L i | | | handra. Calliandra. | MR. G. BENTH... ON THE MIMOSEA. 543 distin ' 27. C. LAMBERTIANA, Bewth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 100. Villosula. Pinnæ 2-3- rarius 4-jugee ; petiolus eglandulosus ; foliola 10-15-juga, latiuscule ee sub- semipollicaria. Pedunculi tenues. Corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Stamina sanguinea Le men ignotum. i | | ed Acacia Lambertiana, Don in Bot. Reg. t. 721. ` Hab. Mexico. Distinguished from the broad-leaved varieties of C. portoricensis by the hairiness and the red stamens. ~ 28. C. PORTORICENSIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 99. Pubescens v. glabrata. Pinnee 2-4-jugee ; petiolus eglandulosus ; foliola 10-25-juga, linearia v. lineari-oblonga, seepius 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 1 lin. longus. Corolla 14-2 lin. longa. Stamina alba. Legumen glabrum v. leviter puberulum, 2-4-pollicare, 2-4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus submembranaceis.— 7۷, Bras. Mim. Mimosa portoricensis, Jacq. Ic. Rar. iii. 20. t. 633. Acacia portoricensis, Willd. Spec. iv. 1069. A. venusta, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1052. Mimosa guineensis, Schum. et Thonn.! Beskr. Pl. Guin. 323. Acacia ungulata, Desv. ! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 68. A. linearis, Desv. ! in Hamilt. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occid. 59. A. Hamiltonii, Desv.! 1. c. A. alba, Colla, Hort. Ripul. App. ii. 339. A. Colleana, Presl, Rep. Bot. Syst. 183. A. vespertina, Macfad.! Fl. Jam. i. 318. Lysiloma Marchiana, Griseb. ! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 223. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Mexico, Central America, British Guiana, Columbia, Ecuador, Bolivia; also introduced, or perhaps indigenous, in Brazil and West Tropical Africa. : Lysiloma Marchiana of Grisebach was founded on a specimen of this species in which the pods are old and the centre of the valves decayed, leaving the margins only, which, however, have split and become revolute as in Calliandra, not leaving one entire border or replum as in Lysiloma, Mimosa, and Entada. ` 99, O. CARACASANA. Benth. Pubescens v. glabrata. Pinnæ 3-6-juge ; petiolus eglan- dulosus ; foliola 10-25-juga, linearia, conferta, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx llin., corolla 14 lin. longa. Stamina rosea. Legumen C. portoricensis, 2-3-pollicare. Mimosa caracasana, Jacq. Ic. Rar. iii. 20, t. 632. Acacia caracasana, Willd. Spec. iv. 1068. A. fragrans, Ten. ! Cat. Hort. Nap. 1. | Hab. Tropical America : Venezuela, New Granada and Guayaquil. I had formerly united this with C. portoricensis ; but it appears to be constant in its smaller narrower leaflets and pink, not white, stamens. The supposed differences in the calyx are not so clear: The six preceding species, however, are very closely allied to each other, and might almost be classed as varieties of a single one. 30. C. TETRAGONA, Bent v. glabrata. Ramuli tetragom. Pirine 4-6-] h! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. iii. 99. Pilosa ug ; foliola 15-25-juga, oblongo-linearia, obliqua, 3-6 lin.longa. Pedunculi elongati. Calyx 13 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Le; men glabrum, 4—5-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus. Acacia tetragona, Willd. Spec. iv. 1069. is VOL. XXX. MIMOSE A. [ Calliandra, 544 MR. G. BENTHAM ON rmi -MIMa Mimosa quadrangularis, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 72. Acacia quadrangularis, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 445. ® Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, Central America, Columbia 31. C. ANGELIOA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 100. Molli erubescens. Pinne 1-2-juge ; foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-linearia, valde obliqua, pubescentit lin. longa. Peduneuli tenues. Corolla vix linea longior. Legumen ignotum. Acacia media, Mart. et Gal.! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 316. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, mountains of Regla, where it is known by the name ** Cabellito de Angel,” Galeotti, n. 3362. 32. C. MALACOPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 100. Molliter villosa. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 3—4-juga, oblique obovato-falcata, 3-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi gra- ciles, vix pollicares. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. ۱ Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, foot of Mount San Felipe, Andrieux, n. 401. 33. C. TETRAPHYLLA, Benth. Pilosa. Pinns 1-jugwe; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovato- oblonga (semipolliearia?), subtus sericeo-pilosa, supra glabra, addito interdum tertio minimo. Pedunculi graciles. Calyx striatus, dentatus, ad 1 lin. longus. Corolla 2; lin. longa, membranacea, glabra. Legumen ignotum. Inga tetraphylla, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 392. Hab. Mexico, Mogino and Sessé (Herb. Pav. in Herb. Oxon.). | The leaves are as yet but imperfectly developed in the flowering specimen, and may be larger when full-grown. Series 3. PEDICELLATE. Pinne 1-2-juge. Foliola 2- v. multijuga, parva v. subpollicaria. Glandule 0. Pedun- culi axillares v. ad apices ramorum conferti. Flores in umbellula tenuiter pedicellati. Corolla vix striata. | : 34. C. LEPTOPODA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 101. Glabra v. villosa. Stipule late cordato-orbiculatee, foliacez, 3-1-pollicares. Pinnz 1-juge ; foliola 2—4-juga, obovato- falcata, terminalia subpollicaria. Pedicelli corolla longiores. Legumen glabrum v. vil- losulum, 2-23-pollicare, 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines anguste inerassatos tenuibus. — | ; — Fl. Bras. Mim. ۰ ۱ Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. 35. C. UMBELLIFERA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. i: 141; Lond. Journ. iii. 102. Puberula. Pinne sub-2-juge; foliola multijuga, ovali-oblonga, obtusa, subcoriacea, 1-2 rarius 3 lin. longa. Pedicelli corolla longiores. Legumen glabrum, 2—4-pollicare, 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuiter coriaceis, transverse reticulatis.— Pl. Bras. Mim. | | . Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Piauhy and Ceara. | 36. C. BLANCHETI, Benth. ! in Hook, Lond. Journ. iii. 103. Glabrav pilosula. Pinus ljuge, petiolo brevissimo; foliola multijuga, oblongo-linearia IAS 1l lin longa, -. nitidula. Pedicelli corolla breviores. Calyx 2 lin., coroll 4 lir Le s por E ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. f OB. I S00 M Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. ; Calliandra.] .MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 545 97. C. PEDICELLATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 102. Glabra v. pilosula. Stipulee postice spinescentes. Pinnæ 1.jugse ; foliola 4-7-juga, oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedicelli calyce duplo longiores. Legumen sericeo-villosum, 3-4-polli- care, valvis inter margines crassos coriaceis. Hab. Tropical America: Hayti, Ehrenberg in Herb. Berol. Possibly a variety of C. hematomma, remarkable for the pedicellate flowers. (See also 77. C. turbinata, 83. C. Tweedii, and 90. C. Peckoltii, in which the flowers are usually pedicellate, but the pedicels shorter than the calyx.) ; : Series 4. ۰ Pinne 1- v. plurijuge; foliola bi- pluri- sepius multijuga, parva, rarius semipollicem excedentia, rigidula, supra plus minus nitida. Pedunculi axillares v. in ramulis abbre- viatis subterminales, v. capitula sessilia, Flores in capitulo sessiles v. rarius pedicello calyce breviore fulti. Corolla sepius striata. Filamenta rubra purpurea v. rarius alba. * Pinne unijuge. t Americane, petiolo eglanduloso. 38. C. COLLETIOIDES, Griseb.! in Mem. Amer. Acad. viii. 180. Spine stipulares recte. Folia minima; pinne 1-juge; foliola 2-3-juga, addito infimo exteriore, obovata, coriacea, 1 lin. longa. Pedunculi brevissimi. Flores sericei. Legumen 1-13-pollicare, cano-sericeum.— Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1167. Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Wright. 39. C. HÆMATOMMA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii, 103. Glabra v. pilosa. Spin» stipulares (dorsales) recte. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 4-8-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi graciles. Flores sæpius sericeo-pilosi. Calyx vix lineam, corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen 3—4-pollicare.— Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind, 224. Mimosa spartioides, Vahl, ex Steud. Acacia hematomma, DC. ! Mém. Leg. 448. t. 68. Hab. Tropical America, West Indies, Cuba, Jamaica, St. Domingo, Bahamas. Acacia pilosa, Spreng. ! Syst. iii. 136, is described from Bertero’s Jamaica specimens without flowers or fruit, and which are probably luxuriant barren branches of C. hematomma, with 10 to 13 pairs of leaflets to the pinnæ. 40. C. CHILENSIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 108. Pilis appressis canescens. Stipulæ parvæ, subspinescentes. Pinnæ 1-juge ; foliola. 3-5-juga, oblonga, obtusa v. acutiuscula, 14 v. vix 2 lin. longa. Pedunculi semipollicares. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen pubescens, 1}-pollicare, 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines valde incrassatos rigide membranaceis. Acacia nigra, Clos! in C. Gay, Fl. Chil. ii. 253, Hab. Extratropical South America : Chili, Bridges, C. Gay. 41. C. SESSILIS, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 141; Lond. Josie iii. 103. Glabra y. pilosula. Stipule parve, muticz. Pinna 1-jugz ; foliola 15-20-juga, falcato-oblonga, acutiuscula, 2-3 rarius 4 lin. longa. Capitula terminalia, intra folia 1-2 sessilia. Flores glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa, striata. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab, Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. oe 546 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Calliandra. 42. C. AXILLARIS, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Laxe pilosa. Stipulse mutice. Pinnz 1-juge; foliola 15-30-juga, falcato-oblonga, acutiuscula, 3-4 lin. longa. Capi- tula axillaria, sessilia. Flores pilosuli, mox glabrati. Corolla 23 lin. longa, striata. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 43. C. ÆSCHYNOMENOIDES, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pilosa. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 5-8-juga, falcato-oblonga, vix coriacea, 4-5 lin.longa. Capitula breviter pedun- eulata v. subsessilia. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin.longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. an Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. | 44. C. DEPAUPERATA, Benth.! in Fl. Bras. Mim. Pilosa. Pinne ljugw; foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, nitida, imbricata, vix lineam longa. Capitula breviter pedunculata. Flores tenues, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. 45. C. CONFERTA, Benth.! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 63. Subsericeo-pubescens. Pinne 1-jug& ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblique oblonga, coriacea, vix 2 lin. longa. Pedunculi breves, subfasciculati. Flores pauci, pilosi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla vix 2 lin. longa. Legu- men sericeo-villosum, 24-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, valvis inter margines crassos membra- naceo-coriaceis. Hab. Extratropical North America, West Texas, and North Mexico. 46. C. BREVIPES, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 140 ; Lond. Journ. iii. 104. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 15-25-juga, oblongo-linearia, falcata, nitida, 1-3 lin. longa. Capitula breviter pedunculata, subfasciculata. Calyx vix 3 lin. Corolla 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen glabrum, 2-3-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, valvis inter margines crassos membranaceo-coriaceis.—Fl. Bras. Mim. و‎ Bot. Mag. t. 4500. Acacia Selloi, Spreng. Syst. iii. 137 ? : Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: Brazil. prov. Piauhy, Bahia, Minas Geraes, Sao Paulo, and on the Uruguay. 47. C.TAXIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 104. Pubescens. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 12-25-juga, oblique oblonga, nitida, 2-3 lin. longa. Stipuls rigide subulato-acu- minate. Capitula breviter pedunculata, pauciflora. Calyx 3 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. Inga taxifolia, Kunth! Mim. 64, t. 20. ; Hab. Tropical America: Andes of Quito, Humboldt and Bonpland, Jameson. 48. C. LONGIPINNA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberula v. glabrescens. Sti- pule parve. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 30-50-juga, oblique ovata v. “oblonga, obtusa, crassa, venosa, nitida, ad 3 lin. longa. Pedunculi semipollicares. Flores pubescentes. Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa, vix striata. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. ; | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 49. C. PURPUREA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ, iii. 104. Glabra. Stipule parve. Calliandra.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 947 Pinnse 1-juge ; foliola 3-7-juga, oblique ovata v. obovato-oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, venosa, 4-6 lin.longa. Capitula peduneulata, glabra. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus v. breviter exsertus. Legumen glabrum, sub- lignosum, 2-23-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines crassos coriaceis, Mimosa purpurea, Linn. Spec. 1500; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 372. Inga purpurea, Willd. Spec. iv. 1021, Bot. Reg. t. 129. Inga obtusifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1022. Mimosa obtusifolia, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 46. Calliandra obtusifolia, Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. 41, t. 131. C. coroensis, Karst. ! l. c. 41. ! Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Demerara, and Cumana. Among the numerous specimens I have now had before me, I have been unable to separate Karsten’s three species as distinct varieties. The number and size of the leaflets is very variable, 50. C. TENUIFLORA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra v. pubescens. Stipulæ lanceolate. Pinnæ 1-juge ; foliola 5-6-juga, oblique obovata v. subrhombea, obtusa, terminalia subpollicaria, glabra, nitida. Pedunculi subsemipollicares. Calyx 1-1] lin., corolla 3-34 lin. longa, non striata. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. : Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Para. 51. C. MAGDALENz, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 102. Glabra v. vix puberula. Stipule breves. Pinne l-jugæ ; foliola 15-30-juga, oblongo-linearia v. falcato-oblonga, obtusa, glabra, nitida, ad 3 lin. v. interdum 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi breves. Calyx ^£lin. corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen glabrum, sub- lignosum, crassiusculum, 4-pollicare, fere 5 lin. latum. Acacia Magdalene, Bert.! in DC. Prod. ii. 455, et in Spreng. Syst. iii. 137. Hab. Tropical America: Santa Marta, Bertero, Purdie; Veraguas, Seemann ; on the Bombonasa in Ecuador, Spruce. : 52. C. SURINAMENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 105. Glabra v. nin». Pinnæ 1-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblique oblongo-laceolata, 4-8 lin. longa, ون‎ > dunculi tenues. Flores glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 24-8 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen glabrum, 2-3-pollicare, 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines crassos tenuibus.— Fl. Bras. Mim. $ Inga fasciculata, Willd. ! Spec. 1v- mi Mimosa fasciculata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. 1. 46. : ; E Hab. Tropical “America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz, Rio Negro, and Para; Guiana pipi number quoted, 171, of Hostman's Surinam iramea, Steud. in Flora 1843, 759, from the ed, ree rate m this species; but the character given agrees d "| : Eo 53. C. CODONANDRA, Benth. Pilosula. Pinne a ; hen " n a del ES Gar linearia, subfaleata, glabra, nitida, 4-5 lin. longa. P me میا‎ en Drei lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen durum, glabrum, 4-5-po , gines latos crassis. Codonandra purpurea, 2 Hab. Tropical America: Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. 43, t. 122. Venezuela, prov. Coro, Karsten. * 548 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Calliandra, In this species, according to. Karsten, it is the two or three central enlarged flowers alone that are fertile; and on that ground he distinguished it generically. The central flowers are similarly enlarged in many species of Calliandra, and, I believe, sometimes, but not always, fertile ; the specimens, however. are very rarely sufficient to show whether the fruits are formed in one only or both the forms of flowers in the head. 54. C. VIRGATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 140, Lond. Journ. iii. 105. Glabra v. vix puberula. Pinnæ 1-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, lanceolata, subfalcata, rigida, 4-8 lin. longa. Pedunculi rigidi, longiusculi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 33 lin. longa, glabra, leviter striata. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen sublignosum, glabrum, 2-pollicare, valvis inter margines latos crassis.—.Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, Pernambuco, and Goyaz. Mimosa staminea, Thunb. Diss. ex Flora, 1821, 332, from Minas Geraes, is probably this species rather than the C. brevipes. ` 55. C. HAMATOCEPHALA, Hassk.! Retzia, 216. Glabra. Pinnz l-jugz; foliola 7-10- juga, oblique oblongo-lanceolata, obtuse acuminata, ¿-13-pollicaria, coriacea, nitida. Pedunculi rigidi. Flores glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla fere 6 lin. longa, striata. Sta- minum tubus inclusus. Legumen glabrum, nitidum, 4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis inter margines valde incrassatos tenuiter coriaceis, Hob. Raised in the Botanic Garden, Caleutta, from seeds of unrecorded origin. This species appears to be allied to the American C. virgata, but with fewer, much larger leaflets, bringing it near to the plurifoliolate Macrophylle. The corolla is also considerably longer than in C.vir- gata, and the pod very different. It has no affinity with any of the few Old-World species known to me. tt Gerontogee, petiolo communi glandulifero. 56. C. ALTERNANS, Benth. Ramuli rufo-pubescentes v. glabri. Stipule obsolete. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 4-10-juga, inferiora seepe alterna, late oblonga, obliqua, obtusis- sima, nitida, pennivenia, 3-4 rarius 6 lin. longa. Pedunculi filiformes. Spice oblong®. Corolla calyce striato 3-4plo longior. Legumen 6-8-pollicare, ad 4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuiter coriaceis reticulatis demum glabris. Mimosa alternans, Vahl! in Herb. Mus. Par. Hab. Madagascar, Commerson, Pervillé, Gerard. Frutex ramis tenuibus rigidis. Foliorum petiolus communis 1-2 lin. longus, pinnarum rhaches 14-2- pollicares, tenues, puberuli. Foliola subtus pallida, costa subcentrali. 2 tenues, ad nodos vetustos fasciculati v. solitarii, cum spice rhaehe pollicares v. vix longiores. Flores sessiles iue apicem versus pauci, nunc fere ad medium pedunculi extensi. Calyx vix 1 lin. longus, obtuse : اند‎ ; Po 2 lin. longa, profunde 4- (v. 5-?)fida. Stamina 4-5 li : ics : à niad ; mina 4-5 lin. longa, basi brevissime connata in tubum corollz basi un $> CORE LUA, RENA Ramuli puberuli. Stipulg plerseque spinescentes. Pinne : l-jugw. Foliola 2-5-juga, obovato-oblonga, valde obliga. glabra. 6-0 d $n 5 d : exteriore minore ad basin rhacheos. Pedunculi tenues. Capitula SIE 8: E. : Corolla calyce subtriplo longior. Legumen ignotum. pitula glabra, pau ; Inga geminata, Wight et Arn.! Prod. Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. 269. Calliandra.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 549 Pithecolobium geminatum, Benth. |: in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 209. Inga flexuosa, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind, n. 5286. Hab. Ceylon, Mackenzie, Gardner, Thwaites, n. 1531. The fruit of this plant not having been yet observed, its affinities cannot be determined with certainty. I had placed it in Pithecolobium, notwithstanding considerable discrepancy in the foliage ; for I had then thought that Calliandra was confined to America; but we have now three other undoubted Old-World species of Calliandra ; and the present species has so much in common with the C. alternans, that there remains very little doubt that it will prove to be a congener. ** Paucijuge. Pinne plereque bi- v. paucijuge. Corolle glabre v. parce pilosule (in G. Gardneri canescentes). Legumen glabrum minute tomentellum v. parce villosulum. .58. C. EXPANSA, Benth., sp. n. Glabra v. rarissime pilosula. Folia parva. Pinna 2- rarius 1-jug:e ; foliola 10-15-juga, falcato-linearia, nitida, 1-1} lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Calyx 4 lin. longus, vix striatus. Corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, glabrum, 13-pollicare, 2-3 lin. latum. Mimosa expansa, Herb. Pav. Hab. Tropical America: Peru near Huanuco, etc., Ruiz and Pavon, Lobb. Rami crassiusculi, rigidi, albi, ut videtur divaricati v. forte in rupes prostrati. Stipule parvee, ovato- lanceolate. Foliorum petiolus communis vix lineam longus; pinne rigidule, 4-6 lin. longw. Foliola obtusa v. acutiuscula, glabra v. subtus pilosula. Pedunculi 3-4 lin. longi. Corolle limbus late cam- panulatus, haud striatus. Legumen more generis basin versus longe contractum. 59. C. squarrosa, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 104. Glabra v. parce sericeo- pilosa. Pinnæ sub-2-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, conferta, nitida, 13 lin. longa. Pedunculi 6-9 lin. longi. Flores glabri, striati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 24 lin. longa. .Staminum tubus subinclusus. Legumen glabrum v. villosulum, 22-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, marginibus latis crassisque.— £7. Bras. Mim. Acacia squarrosa, Mart. Herb. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 60. C. LINEARIS, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 108. Humilis, glabra. ‚Pinnze 2-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, anguste linearia, nitidula, 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi polli- cares, crassiusculi. Flores glabri. Calyx 2 lin., corolla. 3-83 lin. longa, levis. Stami- num tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum.— £7. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, Riedel in Herb. rop: mii ' 61. C. RIGIDA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 108. Rami virgati, rigidi, rufo- villosi. Stipule ovatæ. Pinnæ sub-2-jugæ ; foliola 25-40-juga, anguste linearia, Bun 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi pollicares, rigidi. Flores pilis paucis conspersl. Calyx 1314 lin., corolla 3-34 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, minute puberulum, 4-5-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum. C. Hookeriana, Schomb.! in Linnza, xx. 7 5 Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana, | 62. C. CALYCINA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra v. B aru. pulse anguste v. obsolete. Pinnse 2-jugw v. foliorum infe sàn er: ; o a E juga, anguste linearia, rigida, nitida, 3-4 lin. longa. Pedunculi rigidi, 1-13-pollicares. Caramany Valley. 550 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Calliandra. Capitula glabra, paueiflora. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum.—-Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. 63. C. BRACTEOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 104. Glabra v. vix pilosula. Stipulse lanceolate. Pinne 2- rarius 3-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, nitida, 3-5 lin. longa. Pedunculi rigidi, 13-pollicares. Bractew exteriores ample, foliaceze. Calyx corolla 4-lineari parum brevior. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 64. C. MERTENSIOIDES, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 106. Hirtella. Stipulee parve. Pinnæ 2-3-juge ; foliola 12-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, majora 3-4 lin.longa. Pedunculi ad apices ramorum conferti, rigidi, 1-2-pollicares. Calyx 1 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen rigidum, 13-pol- licare, glabrum v. tomentellum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Acacia asplenioides, Nees in Flora, 1821, 303. Inga mertensioides, Nees et Mart. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xii. 35, t. 5. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. 65. C. FASCICULATA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 140; Lond. Journ. iii. 108. Glabra v. minute tomentella. Stipulee parve: Pinne 2-4-jugz; foliola 20-30-juga, falcato-linearia, obtusiuscula, coriacea, nitida, 3—4 lin. longa. Pedunculi ¿-13-polli- cares, rigidi. Capitula glabra. Calyx 3-1 lin., corolla 23-4 lin. longa. Legumen sub- lignosum, glabrum v. junius villosulum, 13-3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, marginibus latis crassisque.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia. It is not improbable that further observation may induce the reunion of this somewhat variable species with the C. mertensioides, and that even C. bracteosa may prove to be a variety only, with abnormally: developed bracts and calyces. 66. C. HIRTIFLORA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Patentim pilosa, demum gla- brescens.. Pinnee 3-5-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, falcato-linearia, nitida, 4-5 lin. longa. Peduneuli 2-3-pollicares, ad apices ramorum conferti, floresque piloso-hispidi. Calyx 2 lin., corolla fere 6 lin. longa. Legumen lignosum, glabrescens, 2-3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. | Although nearly allied to the preceding species, the few specimens I have seen show too many points of distinction to admit of their being united with it without further observation. 67. C. RETICULATA, A. Gray! Pl. Wright. i. 53. Humilis, pilosa, mox glabrata. Pinne 1-3-juge; foliola 4-11-juga, ovalia, obtusa, 2-5-nervia, reticulata, 3-5 lin. longa. Pedunculi breves. Calyx hirsutus, 13 lin., corolla glabriuscula, 3 lin. longa. Legumen glabellum, 13-pollicare, fere 3 lin. latum, valvis inter margines crassos submem- branaceis. | | | Hab. Extratropieal North America : New Mexico, Wright, Emory’s expeditian. 68. C. GARDNERI, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 108. . Humilis, glabra. Pinnæ 2-3- rarius plurijugz ; foliola 15-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, obliqua, coriacea, venosa, ` Glabra v. vix puberula. Stipulze lanceolatee, 3—4 lin. ` Legumen ignotum. So تفت‎ OEE ENA اک‎ E Calliandra. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 551 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi rigidi, 3-4-pollicares. Flores glabri v. tomentelli. Calyx 2 lin., corolla semipollieem longa. Legumen minute puberulum, 4-5-pollicare, 7-8 lin. latum, valvis inter margines incrassatos tenuibus retieulatis.—77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Goyaz. 69. C. LAXA, Benth. Pilosula v. glabra. Pinne 2-5-juge ; foliola 12-30-juga, oblique ovalia v. faleato-oblonga, obtusa v. acutiuscula, 3-6 lin. longa, supra nitida subtus pal- lida. Pedunculi 4-1-pollicares. Flores glabriusculi. Calyx 14, corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, glabrum v. junius tomentellum, 3-4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, marginibus latis crassisque. ۱ Acacia laxa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1069. Mimosa laza, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 72. Calliandra xalapensis, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 106. Acacia rubescens, Mart. et Gal.! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 815. Var.? PARVIFOLIUM, foliolis vix 2 lin. longis petiolis tenuibus ; legumen paullo minus, rufo-tomen- tellum. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Central America, Columbia, British Guiana; the var. parvifolium, Venezuela, Fendler, n. 2255. Fendler's n. 2254, with small obtuse leaflets and small flowers, appears to me to be a distinct species ; but the specimen is scarcely sufficient to determine its affinities. n. Bot. ii. 197; Lond. Journ. iii. 107. longs. Pinns 3-4jug®; foliola 8-10-juga, oblique oblonga v. obovata, coriacea, glabra, 6-8 lin. longa. Pedunculi ad apices ramorum conferti, rigidi. Flores glabri. Calyx 14 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. 70. C. STIPULACEA, Benth.! in Hook. Jour British Guiana on the Rio Quitaro, Schomburgk. 71. C. comosa, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 104. Subglabra. Pinnæ 3-jug® ; foliola 9—10-juga, ovalia, obtusissima, basi late truncata, 4-6 lin. longa, siccitate "ám cantia. Capitula glabra, 4-8-flora, pedunculis 4-6 lin. longis fulta, in ar = pollicares ad apices ramorum confertim corymbosos disposita. Legumen g j maturum jam 3-pollicare. Mimosa comosa, Sw.! Fl. Ind. Occid. ii. 980. Inga comosa, Willd. Spec. Pl. iv. 1026. ic Pithecolobium comosum, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. ni. 221. ۳ intai rth coast, where it does 1 fedi v maica, rocky mountains of the no d a em dry since the days of Swortz. The inflorescence is not appear to have been Sa very peculiar. Hab. Tropical America: i juga í -linearia. Flores pilo- e Sobrino. Piae Pie, een. dei Mexicane v. u Americane, inter Paucijugas et Sericifloras subintermediz. 79. C. Cumisert, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. E: agn on rula. Pinnse 2-6-jug®; foliola 10-25-juga, oblongo-linearia, , VOL. XXX. Journ. iii. 106. Pube- coriacea, nitida, 40 552 : MR. G: BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Calliandra. 9-3- rarius 4 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues 3-1}-pollicares. Flores pilis longis conspersi. Calyx vix 3 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum. Inga speciosa, Mart. et Gal. ! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 320. Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Cuming; Oaxaca, Galeotti; Chachapoyas in Peru, Matthews. The specimens I have seen are none of them very satisfactory; but I believe they all belong to one species. | 73. C. HUMILIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 103. Humilis, pilosa v. rarius gla- briuscula. Pinnæ 3-6-jugse ; foliola 8-25-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 1-2 lin. longa. Peduneuli pollicares v. breviores. Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen 2-3-pollicare, 3 lin. latum, junius hirsutum demum subglabrum, valvis inter margines latos crassosque membranaceo-coriaceis. Acacia humilis, Schlecht. in Linnea, xii. 567, ex char. C. herbacea, Engelm. ! in A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. 39. Hab. Subtropical North America: Central and Northern Mexico. 74. C. ERIOPHYLLA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 105. Humilis, tomentoso- villosa. Pinn® 2-7-jugs; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusiuscula, 1-23 lin. longa, subtus sericeo-villosa. Pedunculi tenues, 1-13-pollicares. Flores pilosi. Calyx lin. corolla vix 3 lin. longa. Legumen sericeo-hirsutum, 2-4-pollicare, valvis inter margines crassos latosque coriaceis. C. chamedrys, Engelm. ! in A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. 39, Pl. Wright. 11. 52. Hab. Tropical and extratropieal North America: Mexico and West Texas. 75. C. CALIFORNICA, Benth. ! Bot. Sulph. 14, t. 11, et in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 105. Rigida, appresse pilosa. Pinnæ 2-4-juge; foliola 8-15-juga, oblonga, obtusiuscula, pilosula, nitida, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Flores pubescentes. Calyx vix $ lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Extratropical North America: Bay of Magdalena, Lower California. This may possibly prove to be a variety of C. Cumingü. ny. Sericifloree. Pinne (excepta C. abbreviata) 4- v. plurijuge. Foliola multijuga, "E longa v. linearia. Flores sericeo-villosi v. hirsutissimi. Legumen crassum dense villosum. : | 76. C. DYSANTHA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot.ii. 138, Lond. Journ. iii. 109. Pu- bescens. Pinne 4-6-jugæ; foliola 20-50-juga, falcato-oblonga, rigidula, 4-8 lin. longa, subtus ssepius pilosa. Capitula sessilia, ad apices ramorum conferta, Flores sericeo- villosissimi. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 5—7 lin. longa. 4—5-pollicare, villosissimum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz. T ME . C. TURBINATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 109. Pubescens. Pinne ای‎ foliola 20-40-juga, falcato-oblonga, rigidula, semipollicaria, ciliata Capitula apices ramorum breviter pedunculata. Flores villosissimi. Cal j Mar, Sorel run . : 3 lin., lla 4-43 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—FI. Bras. Mim. E Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Mattogrosso. Legumen crassum, sublignosum, Calliandra‘) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 553 78. C. LANATA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Dense lanato-villosa. Stipule maxim:e, latee, caducee. Pinnæ 3-8-juge; foliola 20-40-juga, falcato-linearia, 4-6 lin. longa, sericeo-pilosa v. glabrata. Pedunculi crassi, 4-1-pollicares. Flores dense lanato- villosi. Calyx 3 lin., corolla ad 6 lin. longa. Legumen lignosum, densissime villoso- lanatum, 3-pollicare, 5-6 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. 79. C. ABBREVIATA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 108. "Villosula v. glabrata. Pinnæ 2-3-jugze ; foliola 15-20-juga, oblique oblonga, coriaeea, venulosa, 6-9 lin. longa. Peduneuli breves, erassi, floresque dense sericeo-villosi. Calyx 14 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, dense villosum, 4-5-pollicare, 5-6 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Piauhy and Pernambuco. 80. C. MACROCEPHALA, Benth. 1 in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 140, Lond. Journ. iii. 108. Pilosa. - Pinne 3-7-juge ; foliola 20-50-juga, oblique ovato-oblonga, rigidula, 3-5 lin. longa. Pedunculi crassi, 1-3-pollicares, floresque rufo-hirsutissimi. Calyx 2-3 lin., corolla 5-6 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, dense villosissimum, 4-5-pollicaria, 5-6 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz. 81. C. VISCIDULA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 109. Villosa. Pinhe 3-5-juge ; foliola 16-30-juga, falcato-oblonga, rigida, demum glabrata, 4-5 lin. longa. Peduneuli rigiduli, 14-pollicares. Bracteæ floresque viscidulo-villosi. Calyx 4 lin. longus. Co- rolla vix calycem excedens, villosissima. Legumen ignotum.— f. Bras. Mim. Hab. "Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia, and a variety, said to hàve white stamens, prov. Minas Geraes. 82. C. FOLIOLOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 110. Pilosa. Pine 3-9-juge ; foliola 40-60-juga, anguste linearia, nitida, 2-3 lin. longa. "Pedunculi pollicares longio- i nferti. Flores sericeo-villosi. Calyx 3-4 lin., corolla j resque, ad apices ramorum co E : é " 45 lin poll longa. Legumen crassum, sublignosum, dense villosum, HAPE: ; latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. 83. O. TWEEDII, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. bot Pinnz 3-4-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-ine | Pedunculi 1-2-pollieares. Flores breviter pedicellati, corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen crassum, sublignosum, Fl. Bras. Mim.; Bot. Mag. t. 4188. Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: Sao Paulo and other southern pro vinces of Brazil and on the Rio Grande. Var.? Sanctr Pauli. Pinne qnc i Calliandra Sancti Pauli, Hassk. Retzia, © P uda. Raised in the botanic garden of Buitenzorg, in Java, probably from ed T d T E u C Carnoran, Griseb.! Bl, ¿Brito WF. ins Se vr dr n im) Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 20-40-Juga, faleato-line e Minas Geraes. Bot. ii. 140; Lond. Journ. iii. 107. Pilosa. aria, nitida, obliqua, 2-3 lin. longa. molliter pilosi. Calyx 2 lin., dense villosum, 2-3-pollicare.— icelli exteriores fere lineam longi. 554 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. (Calliandra 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. 4 | MN 1 brescentia, ad 3 lin. longa. Capitula subsessilia. Flores hirsuti. Calyx 14 lin., oo E Hab. Tropical America: Trinidad, Orueger. | This species appears to differ from C. Tweedii chiefly in its sessile flower-heads; the specimens I haves seen, however, are very imperfect. 1 85. C. HIRSUTA, Benth. Subsericeo-villosa. Pinne 3-5-jugsw; foliola 15-20,jnga, | oblongo-linearia, subfaleata, subtus sericeo-villosa, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi 14-2-polli- cares. Flores sericei, breviter pedicellati. Calyx 4-44 lin. longa. Legumen junius * densissime villosum. Inga hirsuta, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 395. : Hab. Tropical or subtropical North America: ** New Spain,” Herb. Pavon (now in Herb. Oxon.) ; raised also in the Cambridge (United States) Botanic Garden from New Mexican seeds. ۱ | Species C. Tweedii quam maxime affinis. Stipule breves, lanceolate, mutice, sublanato-villos«. Ramuli petioli et foliolorum pagina inferior in speciminibus typicis dense subappresse villosi v. fere lanati ; in specimine culto villi minus densi. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-1-pollicaris, pinnæ 1-2-pollicares. Foliola rigida, supra demum glabrata nitidaque. Pedicelli ut in C. Tweedii 3-1 lin. longi. Calyx sericeus, breviter dentatus. Corolle limbus anguste campanulatus, 5-fidus. Legumen perfectum non vidi; junius omnino C. Tweedii. Were it not for the widely dissevered geographical station, I should have been disposed to consider this a marked variety only of C. Tweedii. 86. C. GLOMERULATA, Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. 5, t. 108. Subferrugineo-pubescens v. villosa. Pinnæ 4-12-jugæ. Foliola 20—40-juga, oblonga v. oblongo-linearia, obtusiuscula, 1-3 lin. longa, utrinque villosa. Pedunculi breves nunc brevissimi. Flores villosi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen crassum, sublignosum, dense villosissimum, 2—21-pollicare, 7-8 lin. latum. | Hab. Tropical America: New Granada, Linden n. 696, Triana Venezuela, Fendler n. 2256. “ Arbor 25-30-pedalis.” Ramuli et petioli pube brevi ferruginea villis longioribus intermixtis vestiti. Stipule breves, ad nodos floriferos more generis imbricate. Foliorum petiolus commuuis 13-3-pollicaris, pinnz 1-2-pollicares. Foliora latiora obtusiora et minus rigida quam in C. Tweedii, supra demum nigricantia, laxiuscule pilosa v. demum scabro-pubescentia, subtus pallida, densius villosa, costa sub- centrali sub villis recondita: Pedunculi crassi, ferrugineo-villosi, nunc brevissimi v. vix ulli, nunc fere semipollicares. Calyx striatus, villosulus, breviter dentatus. Corolle limbus campanulatus, alte 5-fidus, extus dense sericeus. Stamina haud numerosa, 1}-pollicaria, basi breviter monadelpha. Legumen villis | subferrugineis in speciminibus nostris densissime velutino-villosum, ex Karstenio breviter tomentosum. Planta nostra ceterum cum icone et descriptione convenit. ; Caracas, Birschel ; ***** Microphylle. Pinne 4. e. multijuge, rarius hinc inde 2-3-juge. Foliola multijuga, parva, linearia. Flores glabri v. leviter pilosuli. 87. C. PROSTRATA, Benth., sp. n. Parce pilosa, prostrata, ferta; pinnze 2-4-jugz ; foliola 8-12-juga, vix lineam longa, anguste linearia. breviter pedunculata, pauciflora. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla vix 2 lin.longa. Legumen Hab. Tropical America: Peru, M*Lean in Herb. Hook. : Ramuli crassi, rigidi, tortuosi, novelli pilosuli, demum glabrati, albidi. ramosissima. Folia parva, con- Capitula ignotum. Foliorum petiolus communis Calliandra.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 555 2-3 lin. longus, pinnz eadem longitudine. Foliola nitidula, vix hinc inde ciliata, tenuia, conferta, Capi- tula cum foliis in ramulis brevissimis v. ad nodos foliatos conferta, pedicello tenui 1-2 lin. longo fulta; 4-6-flora. Stamina haud numerosa, semipollicaria, tubo incluso. 88. C. MICROPHYLLA, Benth. ! im Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. iii. 110. Glabra v. vix puberula. Pinns 15-20-juge; foliola 20-40-juga, oblongo-linearia, imbri- cata, vix lineam longa. Pedunculi crassi, ¿-1-pollicares. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 14 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen durum, 3-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, valvis inter margines latos crassos glabros breviter velutinis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes and Goyaz. 89. C. MYRIOPHYLLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 111. Sericeo-villosula v. demum glabrata. Pinn® 10-20-jug& ; foliola 20—40-juga, oblongo-linearia, imbricata, 1-14 lin. longa. Pedunculi crassi, pollicares. Flores glabri, exteriores breviter pedi- cellati. Calyx 12 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen sublignosum, 3-4-pollicare, 3-4 lin. latum, undique glabrum, marginibus angustis.— Fl, Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Goyaz. Very near C. microphylla, but, I believe, à distinct species. 90. C. Pecxoutu, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pubescens. Pinn® 8-15-juge ; foliola 40—60-juga, angustissime linearia, linea breviora. Pedunculi tenues, pollice bre- viores. Flores glabri, tenuiter pedicellati. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla 13 lin. longa. Stamina pauca. Legumen ignotum. Hab. "Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 91. C. BICOLOR, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139 : Lond. Journ. iii. 107. Pilosula v. glabrata. Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 20-30-juga, linearia, nitida, 1-2 lin. longa. Pedunculi 12-pollicares. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 13 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen pilis brevibus conspersum, 2-3-pollicare, valvis inter margines angustos cori- aceis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. j Inga parvifolia, Hook. et Arn. ! in Hook. Bot. Misc. ii. 202. Calliandra diademata, Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 305, 306, ex ic. et descr. : Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: southern provinces of Brazil and on the Uruguay. 92. C. CRASSIPES, Bent ۱ petiolo crasso 4-8-jugæ; foliola multijuga, 3lin.longa. Pedunculi sub-3-pollicares. lin. longus. Corolla calycem parum ee Legumen nosum, fusco-puberulum, 3-pollicare, 4 lin. atum. 2 Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Minas o. E Le + 110. Brevissime puberula. Pinnz 93. C. pELLA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. IU. ; : a à 4 1 1 . uta, 2, rarius 3 lin. longa. Capitula pedun 12—15-jugz ; foliola 25-40-Juga, linearia, acuta, ^ Flores subsessiles, puberuli. culata, ad apices ramorum conferta v. breviter racemosa.. MOL Lian ۳ ior. lla 31 lin. longa. Stamina numerosissima. Calyx linea paullo longior. Coro formee typice ignotum. | Acacia bella, Spreng. Syst. iii. 141. ais Pahia Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia. h.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Fusco-pubescens. Pinn in faleato-linearia, obtusa, crassa, puberula, ad Flores pauci, sessiles, puberuli. Calyx 4-5 (si rite hic adscriptum) lig- 556 1 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE: MIMOSEZ. [Calliandra. Var. ? Trrawa, foliolis floribusque minoribus. Huic legumen glabrum, 24-33 -pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, valvis inter margines lignoso-coriaceis reticulatis. Hab. New Granada, Triana, Jervise, Schlim n. 783. Linden's specimens, n. 696, which 1 had at first thought might be a variety of C. bella, belong evidently to a many-pinnate form of C. glomerulata, with the densely villous thick pod of the Sericiflore. Acacia brasiliensis, Spreng. Syst. iii. 142, from the very imperfect diagnosis, may not be distinct from C. bella. 94. C. PURDLIAEI, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 104. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Pinnze 8-12-jugz ; foliola 30—40-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusiuscula, ciliata, 2-3 lin. longa. Pedunculi 1-21-pollicares. Flores sessiles, subglabri. Calyx 3 lin., corolla 6 lin. longa. Legumen pilosulum, 3-pollicare, 4—5 lin. latum. C. clavellina, Karst. Fl. Colomb. i. 159, t. 79 ex ic. et descr. Hab. Tropical America: mountains of Ocaña, New Granada, Purdie, Schlim n. 203; the same locality indicated by Karsten. 95. C. SUBSPICATA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Pinn® 24-juge; foliola multijuga, linearia, nitida, eleganter pectinata, 2-3 lin. longa. Capitula ovoideo-globosa, sessilia v. breviter pedunculata, ad apices ramorum conferta v. breviter thyrsoidea. Flores subsessiles, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. ۱ This species and some specimens of C. bella have a tendency towards the inflorescence of the following series. Series 5. ۰ Pinnz multi- rarius unijuge. Foliola multijuga. Petiolus eglandulosus. Capitula pauciflora, in racemum thyrsoideum seu panieulam terminalem aphyllam disposita. 96. C. WENDLANDI, Benth., sp. n. Velutino-villosa. Pinne unijuge ; foliola multi- juga, linearia, faleata, 2-3 lin. longa. Racemus elongatus, thyrsoideus. Flores pedi- cellati, strigoso-sericei. Legumen crassum, villosissimum. Hab. Tropical America: Guatemala, Wendland. Species ab omnibus Racemosis differt pinnis unijugis. Habitus indumentum inflorescentia flores et legumina fere C. Houstoni. Foliorum petiolus communis 2-3 lin. longus, pinn:e pollicares, foliolis con- fertis. Filamenta purpurea, numerosa, 23-3-pollicaria. 97. C. CALOTHYRSUS, Wig. in Linnea, xxi. 251. Petiolis exceptis glabra. Pinnæ 12-14-juge; foliola 40-50-juga, oblonga, obtusiuscula, 2 lin. longa, subtus pallida. Inflorescentia semipedalis, terminalis, aphylla, glaberrima, apice bracteis 3-4 lin. longis comosa, basi ebracteata. Capitula breviter peduneulata, pauciflora. Flores pedicellati, glabri. Calyx 3 lin., corolla vix 3 lin, longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. "Tropical America: Surinam, in mountainous woods near the river Mariepastor- kreek, Kegel, n. 1465 (Miquel). I have not seen this plant. It may possibly be more nearly allied to C. bella than to the two following species. 98. C. Housrost, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. ii. 111. Fer- rugineo-pubescens. Pinne 7-11-jug:e ; foliola 30-50-juga, oblongo-linearia, subfalcata; 3-4 lin. longa. Capitula pauciflora, breviter peduneulata, longe ne Flores Calliandra.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA 557 dpresso-villosi, brevi i ja i npe vibra portam h ee و‎ ests ۱۳9 Adol. gl ۱ , $ poll. latum, crassum, dense villosissimum. Mimosa Houstoni, Lher. Sert. Angl. 30 ;. Banks, Rel. Houst, t. 26. Acacia Houstoni, Willd. Spec. iv. 1062; Bot. Reg. t. 98. Inga Houstoni, DC. Prod. ii. 442. Acacia metrosideriflora, Schlecht. Linnea, xii. 567. Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, about Vera Cruz and Jalapa. id Scarcely to be distinguished from C. grandiflora by the fewer pinnz, rather larger leaflets and flowers, and perhaps by a broader more densely villous pod. It has been usual to add to the synonyms that of Gleditschia inermis, Linn. Spec. 1509, which, however, | is scarcely correct. Linnzeus took up the name and diagnosis from Duhamel, who had thus designated the thornless variety of Gleditschia triacanthos : but he (Linnzeus) unfortunately added references to two widely different plants :—first to Plukenet’s figure, t. 123. f. 3, named by Lamarck Gleditschia javanica, and taken up by DeCandolle as Acacia javanica, although nothingis known of it besides the foliage of a young seedling ; from this source Linnzus appears to have taken his habitat and short description, The Miller's excellent figure (Ic. t. 5), which indeed represents the C. Houstoni, but can other reference is to e inadvertence or mistake in copying. only have been quoted by Linnzus at second hand, or through som 99. C. GRANDIFLORA, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. ii. 111. Ferrugineo- v. subrufescenti-pubescens. Pinne 15-25-juge ; foliola 30-60-juga, oblongo- linearia, obtusiuscula, 2-23 lin. longa. Capitula pauciflora, breviter pedunculata, longe racemosa. Flores adpresso-villosi v. glabrescentes, breviter pedicellati. Calyx ad 1j lin., corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, crassum, villosum. Mimosa grandiflora, Lher. Sert. Angl. 30. Acacia grandiflora, Willd. Spec. iv. 1074; Colla, Inga anomala, Kunth! Mim. 70, t. 22. Acacia callistemon, Schlecht. Linnea, xii. 568. Calliandra Kunthii, Benth.in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 139; Lond. Journ. iii. 112. Hab. "Tropical America : Mexico and Guatemala, sent by numerous collectors. 100. C. PARVIFLORA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 112. Pubescens. Pinnee 12-25- jugæ; foliola 30-40-juga, linearia, conferta, vix lineam longa. Capitula minima, pau- ciflora, paniculata, paniculis ramulis pedunculisque filiformibus. Flores sessiles, er Calyx } lin., corolla $# lin. longa. Stamina 10-12. Legumen crassum, lignosum, pu rulum, 24-pollicare, 4 lin. latum Acacia pachyloma, Mart. ! Herb. Fl Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. The habit and foliage are those of Mimosa microcepha Hort. Ripul. t. 9. . Bras. n. 1108. Minas Geraes, Goyaz, la, the flowers and and Mattogrosso ; Bolivia. fruit totally different. XXIII. ALBIZZIA, Durazz. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 596. dici 45 ii ish, withont the fruit, from corresponding ; oi pr w si unite the two genera under the vnd nme cies of Pithecolobtum ; . وین‎ 4 1 r ed as to have which has the right of priority: but the dient 7 p d m رو‎ ar S The only induced most botanists to place the acid under bee : sect, Orthol bium, and Albizzia lop "ME approach in the pod of the two genera ? nor qe m 1 ted tha and montana, groups which are in all other respects very videly 558 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Albizzia. The peculiar hard infrafoliaceous hooks or prickles, sometimes reduced to conical tubercles, observable in four species (A. pedicellata, A. Millettii, A. rufa, and A. macrophylla), appear to be rather more than epidermal, but require further observation on the living tree. Sectio 1. LOPHANTHA. Flores in spicis cylindraceis v. elongatis conferti v. dissiti. Series 1. Platysperm®. Species Austro-Caledonice, seminibus ubi nota planissimis late orbiculatis. : 1. A. PAIVANA, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xv. 172. Scandens, glabra. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 2-3-juga, longe petiolulata, ovali-oblonga, obtusa, 3-8-pollicaria. Spicee interrupte, 6-10-pollicares. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx latus, linea brevior. Corolla 3-33 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. New Caledonia, Vieillard, n. 420. I refer this to Fournier's species on the authority of Vieillard's specimens, in which, however, the leaf- lets are fully twice as large as those described by Fournier; and the flowers are sessile, not pedicellate. 2. A. oBOVATA, Beníh.,sp.n. Ferrugineo-tomentella, foliis glabrescentibus. Pinnæ 1-jugee ; foliola 2-3-juga, sessilia, oblique obovata v. ovato-oblonga, obtusissima, leete virentia, 2-3-pollicaria. Spies elongate, interrupte. Flores sessiles, ferrugineo- pubescentes. Corolla calyce vix duplo longior. Legumen ad 8 poll. longum, fere pol- licem latum. Hab. New Caledonia, Vieillard, nn. 418, 2516; Deplanche, n. 347; Pancher, Mon- trouzier, Balansa. ; Ramuli juniores petioli et inflorescentia pube v. tomento brevi ferruginei. Foliola prima juventute pariter vestita, mox glabrescentia. Petiolus communis 3-1-pollicaris ; pinnarum rhaches 1-13 poll. long. Glandule parve. Foliola basi valde inzquilatera, costa czeterum subcentrali pennivenia et tenuiter venu- losa. Spicarum rhaches cum pedunculo 6-8-pollicares. Flores in parte superiore interrupte fasciculati. Calyx campanulatus, 5-dentatus, 2-22 lin. longus. Corolla vix 4 lin. longa, latiuscula. Legumen basi et apice breviter contractum, valvis membranaceo-coriaceis, minute puberulis, tenuiter reticulatis. 9. A. FULGENS, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 85. Subelabra. Pinnze 2—4-jugze ; foliola 3-4-juga, ex ovato oblongo-rhombea, basi angustata, subsessilia, 1-2-pollicaria. Spies 2—4-pollicares, breviter pedunculate. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 2 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa, angusta. Legumen subsessile, 5-6-pollicare, 6-7 lin. latum, valvis glabris retieulatis.— Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xv. 173. Acacia fulgens, Labill.! Sert. Austr. Caled. 68, t. 67. A. cyclosperma, DC. Prod. ii. 456. Albizzia rivularis, Fourn. l. c. 172, ex char. Hab. New Caledonia, Labillardiere, Vieillard, n. 421, 493, 494. Labillardiére's own specimens vary in the number of pinnz, 2, 3, or 4, as well as in the breadth and precise shape of the leaflets ; and in both these respects Fournier's A. rivularis must be intermediate between Labillardiére's and Vieillard’s extremes. I can trace no other distinctive character in his elaborate diagnosis. De Candolle's Acacia cyclosperma was described from a specimen in Herb. Delessert, which Ventenat had probably from Labillardiére. The seeds are about $ in. broad, as in most of the New- Caledonian species. Allizzia.] ; MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 550 4. A. LENTISCIFOLIA, Benth., sp. n: Ferrugineo-tomentella, foliis mox glabrescentibus. Pinne 3-4-juge; foliola 6-8-juga, late oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, 6-9 lin. longa. Spice rigidulee, 2-pollicares. Flores sessiles, minute tomentelli. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla campanulata 13 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. ` MEE Hab. New Caledonia. Partes novelle et inflorescentia tomento minuto ferruginez, folia adulta glabra. Petiolus communis rigidulus, 1-11-pollicaris; pinnarum rhaches tenuiores, 1-2-pollicares. - Glandule inter pinnas parvas, scutellate. Foliola omnia opposita, sessilia, ultima seepius basi ineequilatera et interdum obovali-oblonga, cetera sæpius subregulariter oblonga, ad 3 lin. lata, costa centrali tenuiter venulosa, utrinque nitida, subtus vix pallidiora. Spies in specimine nostro 13-pollicares, densiflore, pedunculo 6-9 lin. longo, rhachique crassiusculis ferrugineo-tomentellis. Corolla latiuscule campanulata. Stamina corolla sub- duplo longiora, basi breviter monadelpha et ima basi cum corolla connata. 5. A. GRANULOSA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 85. Puberula, foliolis glabratis. Pinne 4—7-jugz ; foliola 10-14-juga, rhombeo-ovata v. oblonga, basi valde obliqua, latere interiore subauriculata, submembranacea, 4-6 lin. longa, seepe alterna. Spice tenues, 3-4-pollicares. Flores sessiles, subglabri. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 23 lin. longa, angusta. Legumen rectum v. curvulum, 6-8-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum.— Fourn. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 4, xv. 173. Acacia granulosa, Labill.! Sert. Austr. Caled. 67, t. 66. Hab. New Caledonia, Labillardiére, Vieillard, n. 416. 6. A. SUBFALCATA, Benth., sp. n. Rufo-tomentella, foliis glabrescentibus. Pinne 2-4-jugv ; foliola 6-12-juga, faleato-lanceolata, basi valde insequilatera, membranacea, nitidula, 6-9 lin. longa. Spice elongat®, interrupte. Calyx pubescens, 1j lin. longus. Corolla ignota. Legumen sub-S-pollicare, leviter faleatum, 6-8 lin. latum, ferrugineo- tomentellum, demum glabratum, reticulatum. . Hab. New Caledonia, Pancher. Foliorum petiolus communis tenuis, semipedalis v. longior. Pinnz 2-3-pollicares, ut in A. fulgente per paria distantes. Glandulz parva v. obsolete. Foliola sepius glabra, falcato-acuminata, ehe lateri exteriori parallela, latere interiore infra medium subangulato- atato. Spes fractiferse r ۳ à crassiuscula, rufo-tomentella, 4—5-pollicaris. Calyces qui supersunt ls A. fulgentis multo majores. i corollas nee stamina vidi. i E i i ke : - there appeared to me to be two or three additional new Vim visit to Paris I had not time to examine and describe. When these are caréfully worked up, it is pre i i the above-de- bable that some extension also will have to be given to the characters by which some of the above-de scribed species have been distinguished. | | . ini ali-oblongis cras-' Series 2. Pachysperme. Australienses v. Javane, seminibus ov ngis er iii ino-p | Pinne 7. A. LOPHANTHA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. m. 86. Velutino-puberula. Pin ahtnsiuscula, 3-4 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus‏ مس 8—10-i - foliola 90—40-1uga, linearia, obtusiuscula, : y‏ 10-juge ; foliola 20—40-juga . Spice cylindraceæ, 1-3-pollicares. Flores di‏ sericeo-puberula, costa valde excentri d i ii, stincte pedicellati. Calyx ad 1 lin., corolla 23-3 orig Legumen 23-4 po 6-9 lin. latum, glabrum.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 421. | i YOL: XISL 560 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Albizzia. Acacia lophantha, Willd. Spec. iv. 1070; Bot. Reg. t. 361 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 716; Bot. Mag. t. 2108. Mimosa lophantha, Pers. Syn. ii. 264. Mimosa distachya, Vent. Hort. Cels. t. 20. Mimosa elegans, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 563. Acacia insignis, Hoffm. Verz. ex DC. Hab. Extratropical South-west Australia. 8. A. MONTANA, Benth.! in Pl. Jungh. i. 267. Ferrugineo-villosa. Pinne 7-12- juge; foliola 20-40-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusiuscula, 3-4 lin. longa, glabra v. subtus sericeo-pilosa, costa valde excentrica. Spice cylindracew, subinterrupte, 2-3-pollicares. Flores brevissime pedicellati, uti legumen omnino 4. lophanthe. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 29. | Inga montana, Jungh. Reise, 288, ex Miq. Acacia montana, Jungh.! in Tijdschr. Nat. Wet. i. 246. Acacia saltuum, Jungh.! in Bot. Zeit. 1845, 703. Acacia vulcanica, Korth. Hort. Bogor. ex Flora, 1847, 705. Albizzia Benthamiana, Blume in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 90, ex char. Hab. 'Tropieal Asia: mountains of Java. This is scarcely to be distinguished from A. lophantha except by the denser, more ferruginous indu- mentum, and the less distinctly pedicellate flowers, besides the totally different geographical station. Sectio 2. EUALBIZZIA. Flores in capitulis globosis v. paucifloris sessiles v. pedicellati. Staminum tubus inclusus v. corollam breviter excedens. Semina ssepius (an semper?) planissima orbiculata. Series 1. Macrophylle. Pinne 1-4-juge. Foliola ampla, majora sesquipollicem excedentia. ! 9. A. GLOMERIFLORA, S. Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xlii. 74. Puberula, gla- brescens. Pinnz 1-juge; foliola 3- rarius 2-juga, oblongo- v. subrhombeo-lanceolata, breve mucronato-acuminata, 1-2-pollicaria, tenuiter et rigide coriacea. Pedunculi tenues, fasciculati, paniculati. Flores sessiles, pubescentes. Calyx vix i lin., corolla 13 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. > Hab. Tropical Asia : Martaban. I have not seen this species. It must be very near 4. lucida, but with smaller leaflets, much smaller flowers, and the whole more pubescent. 10. A. Luciva, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 86. Glabra v. pube rara conspersa. ‘Pinne 1-juge; foliola szpius 2-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, pennivenia, nitidula, majora 2-4-pollicaria. Pedunculi tenues, fasciculati, paniculati. Flores sessiles glabri- useuli v. puberuli. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen 8-10-pollicare, 1-13 poll. latum, glabrum, nitidulum, vix venulosum. : Mimosa lucida, Roxb.! Fl. Ind. ii. 344. Inga lucida, Wall,! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5267, excl. litt. B et Y pro parte. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: Bengal, Silhet, and North-west India. Albizzia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 561 The Javan specimens I referred to this species in Pl. Jungh. are not in fruit, and on further com- parison appear more probably to belong to Pithecolobium bigeminum. 11. A. JAUBERTIANA, Fourn. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 881. Glabra. Pinn» 1-juge ; foliola 1-3-juga, longiuscule petiolulata, late ovata, obtusissima, coriacea, nitida, 133-pollicaria. Pedunculi elongati. Flores ignoti. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, basi bre- viter contractum, 1-1} poll. latum. f Hab. Madagascar: Ambongo district, Pervillé. 12. A. SAPONARIA, Blume, in Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 19, Ferrugineo-tomentella, foliis demum glabratis. Pinnæ 1-2-juge ; foliola 2-4-juga, petiolulata, oblique ovata v. subrhombea, obtusa, majora 2-5-pollicaria. Pedunculi fasciculati, paniculati. Flores sessiles, breviter ferrugineo-sericei. Calyx 1-14 lin. Corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legu- men subsessile, 3—4-pollicare, 1-14 poll. latum, tenuiter transverse reticulato-venulosum. Mimosa saponaria, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 653. Inga saponaria, Willd. Spec. iv. 1008. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malayan archipelago. Willdenow and Loureiro's species was founded on Rumphius's description of his Corfez saponarius, Herb. Amb. iv. 131, accompanied by a rude unintelligible plate. The above character is derived partly from Miquel, partly from a Javan specimen of Teysmann's, communicated by Hasskarl. Whether all belong to one species is as yet very uncertain. 13. A. TOMENTELLA, Mig.! Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 20. Ferrugineo-tomentella. Pinnæ 2-4-jugw ; foliola 3-6-juga, rhombeo-elliptica, oblique ovata v. obovata, acutiuscula» majora 11-2-pollicaria, utrinque sparse puberula, subtus pallida. Pedunculi tenues, fasciculati, paniculati. Flores sessiles, sericeo-pubescentes. Calyx 1 lin., corolla angusta fere 4 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malayan archipelago, Java. 14. A. ROTUNDATA, Blume in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i pars i 20. Ab ۰ tomentella, cui maxime affinis, differt indumento haud sericante magis hirtello, foliolis potius rotundatis, pilis pagina superioris sepe substellatis, tubo stamineo non exserto (Miquel). . Tropical Asia: New Guinea. Se Tu = ih this species; nor have I observed stellate hairs on any Albizzia. i i berula. Pinnæ fig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 21. Tenere pu 15. A. SALAJERIANA, Mig Sd UM Exp pall. lugo 2-jugæ; foliola 2-3-juga, rhombeo-elliptica v. SU i Aaa ei ile tenere puboscentía. Capitula pedunculata, rgd i bes sessiles, pubescentes. Corolla 14 lin. longa. Calyx muito . Leg 8-pollicare, 14 poll. latum (Miquel). Hab. Tropical Asia. Salajen island, I have seen no specimen. S. of Celebes, Zollinger, n. 1081. 9-6- rarius, 8-9-)juge- Foliola plurijuga, ovata (in A versicolore et A. glabrescente usque ad eosta ceterum subcentrali. Series 9. Obtusifolie. Pinne pauci- ( : v. oblonga, obtusa, sepius 3137 oom 2-poll.), basi breviter v. parum inequilatera, 4D 2 562 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Albizzia. * Flores in capitulo pedicellati. Pedunculi axillares v. breviter racemosi. Corolle sepius ad 3 lin. longe v. longiores (excepta A. glabrescente). Foliola pleraque pol- licaria v. longiora. | | ; 16. A. LEBBEK, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 87. Glabra v. minute puberula. Pinne 2-4-juge, foliola 4-9-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, obtusissima, subsessilia, basi deorsum latiora, 2-2-pollicaria. Pedunculi longiusculi, fasciculati, subracemosi. Flores pubescentes v. glabriusculi, breviter pedicellati. Calyx 13-2 lin., corolla ad 34 lin. longa. Legumen 4-1-pedale, 1-14 poll. latum, glabrum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 358 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 53. un ۱ ۱ Mimosa Lebbek, Linn. Spec. 1508. Acacia Lebbek, Willd. Spec. iv. 1066. Mimosa speciosa, Jacq. Ic. Rar. i. 19, t. 198. Acacia speciosa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1066. . Mimosa Sirissa, Roxb.! Fl. Ind. ii. 544. Acacia Sirissa, Ham.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5265. Acacia macrophylla, Bunge! Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 20. — Albizzia latifolia, Boiv. in Encycl. xix. Sieel. ii. 32. Inga borbonica, Hassk. Hort. Bogor. 291. Inga leucoxylon, Hassk. in Flora, 1842, Beibl. ii. 102, Hort. Bogor. 292. Mimosa flexuosa, Rottl. ex W. et Arn. Prod. Fl. Penins. 275. - | Hab. Tropical and temperate Asia and Africa from Senegal and Egypt to Burmah, China, and Japan; but in many places planted. Introduced also into the West Indies and South America. ` | : ۱ This species, as observed by Fournier, differs from the three following African ones in the leaflets having the lower side dilated at the base instead of the upper side; but the character can scarcely be carried further, for in the subsequent species, with more numerous leaflets, the dilatation is often equal, or some- times rather broader on the upper, sometimes on the lower side, in different parts of the same pinna. Acacia Habbas, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 444, is described as being allied to A. Lebbek, with the leaflets twice as large. 1 know of no such Egyptian Mimosea, and it is certainly not the Mimosa Habbas of Delisle, which is Mimosa asperata. 17. A. VERSICOLOR, Welw. in Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 359. Tomentoso-pubescens. Pinne 2-4-jugee ; foliola 3-6-juga, brevissime petiolulata, oblique obovali-elliptica, ob- tusa, basi sursum latiora, majora 13-2-pollicaria. Pedunculi fascieulati, longiusculi. Flores breviter pedicellati, pubescentes. Calyx 11-3 lin., corolla 5-6 lin. longa. : Legumen ** 4—10-pollicare, 11-2 poll. latum." Ax Hab. Southern tropical Africa. 18. A. GLABRESCENS, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 357.. Minute puberula, mox glabrata. Pinne 1-2-jugz; foliola. 4-6-juga, breviter petiolulata, oblique -oblongo-rhomboidea, obtusa, basi sursum latiora, 1-2-pollicaria. Pedunculi pollieares, ad apices ramorum breviter fasciculato-racemosi. Flores puberuli, pedicellati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 21 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. 5 eb | Hab. South-eastern tropical Africa. Foliola fere Macrophyllarum sed numerosiora et sepe minora. Inflorescentia A: procere accedit, sed flores longiuscule pedicellati. Albizzia.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 563 19. A. RHOMBIFOLIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 87. Puberula v. folia gla- brata. Pinnw 2-3-juge; foliola 3-6-juga, obovali-oblonga v. rhombea, obtusa, reti- culata, basi sursum latiora, majora 1-12-pollicaria. Flores glabri, pedicellati. Calyx 1j lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 358. Mimosa glaberrima, Schum. et Thonn.! Beskr. Pl. Guin. 321. Albizzia glaberrima, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 88. Hab. Western tropical Africa. | Thonning's specimen, which I saw in Vahl’s herbarium at Copenhagen in 1846, appeared to me to differ in no respect from the other Senegambian ones except in being more glabrous ; the young branches and petioles are pubescent, and are so described by Thonning, notwithstanding the name. ** Flores in capitulo longiuscule pedicellati. | Capitula in racemum subcorymbosum ; disposita. Foliola infrapollicaria. 20. A. retusa, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 90. Glabra v. inflorescentia tenuiter cano-puberula. Pinn® 4-6-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, obovato-oblonga, obtusa, 1-3.pollicaria. Capitula pedunculata, subeorymbosa. Flores puberuli, pedicellati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus subexsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical Asia: Philippine Islands, Cuming, nn. 1223 and 1593. 21. A. PEDICELLATA, Baker! in Hook. Fl. Ind. ined. Puberula. Aeulei (v. spine ?) solitarii, infrafoliacei, crassi, uneinati. . Pinnæ 4-10-0800 ; foliola 15-20-juga, late ob- longa, obtusissima, 6-9 lin. longa,-glabra. Capitula pedunculata, subcorymbosa. Flores adpresse villosi, in rhachi lineari longiuscule pedicellati. Calyx 14 lin., corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen 8-pollicare, 2-23 poll. latum, avenium. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, ۰ ae ` Arbor procera. Aculei (an revera epidermales ?) iis A. rufe aut A. Millettii similes. Pelunenli we rami floriferi aphylli, crassi, ferrugineo-pubescentes, 6-8-pollicares, apicem versus pedunculos pu fasciculatos ferentes, specimina tamen inflorescentiam imperfectam ostendunt, et quoad folia haud bona. Capitulorum seu spicarum rhachis 1-13 lin. longa, nec ut in plerisque speciebus convexa tantum. *** Flores in capitulo brevissimime pedicellati v. subsessiles, corona 3-5 a — Pedunculi monocephali, axillares, ad nodos fasciculati v. ad apices ramorum brevile racemosi. a js سا‎ 99. A. FERRUGINEA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. onm. un T ی‎ udo ۳۹ eenti-pubescens. Pinnm 3-6juge; foliola $-20-jugm OPORBA Flores breviter Hier pubescentis M M a rtm E me 4-6-pollicare, pedicellati, villosi. Calyx fere 2 lin., corolla 4-5 lin. tonga. ` $—1 poll. latum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. a JR Inga ferruginea, Guill. et Perr.! Fl. Seneg.1 99» _ jam ماخ‎ Steud.! in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. Mm Inga malacophylla, A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. 1- = z A Ann. Se. N Albizzia malacophylla, Walp. Ann. n. 457 و‎ Fourn. i ti ` Hab. North tropical Africa: Senegambia dd i Abyssinian one in fruit, their identity is The Senegambian plant being only known in flower, Acker no character to separate them. perhaps not yet sufficiently established, although Lew specimina fructifera, n. 521. at. ser. 4. xiv. 376. 564 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Albizzia. 23. A. PALLIDA, Fourn.! in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 375. Pallide pubescens. Pinnee ` 5-7-juge; foliola 8-20-juga, oblonga, obtusa, 6-9 lin. longa, pallida, glabrescentia. Pe- duneuli axillares, subgemini. Flores brevissime pedicellati, sericeo-tomentelli. Calyx 13 lin., corolla vix 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 359. Acacia malacophylla, Steud. ! in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. quoad specimina florida, n. 1578. Inga malacophylla, A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 235, pro parte. i Hab. North-east tropical Africa: Abyssinia. : Certainly very closely allied to A. ferruginea, but appears to be distinct in indumentum, rather more numerous pinnz and leaflets, and smaller flowers. 24. A. CORIARIA, Welw. in Oliv. Fl.Trop. Afr. ii. 360. Ferrugineo-pubescens v. mox glabrescens. Pinne 3-6-juge; foliola 6-11-juga, breviter petiolulata, elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 3-1-pollicaria, glabrata. Pedunculi subfasciculati, axillares v. breviter racemosi. Flores sessiles, puberuli. Calyx 2 lin. longus, seepe basi circumscissus. Corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen 5-8-pollicare, 1-13 poll. latum. Hab. South-west tropical Africa, Welwitsch. I have not seen this or the following species, and have taken their characters from Oliver’s * Flora.’ 25. A. ANGOLENSIS, Welw. in Oliv. Fl. Trop Afr. ii. 360. Breviter ferrugineo-pu- bescens. Pinne 3-5-juge ; foliola 5-13-juga, sessilia, oblonga, obtusa, 6-9 lin. longa, utrinque pubescentia. Peduneuli axillares, breviter racemosi. Flores pubescentes, subsessiles. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen 9-10-pollicare, 13-2 poll. latum. Hab. South-west tropical Africa, Welwitsch. 26. A. ANTHELMINTICA, A. Brongn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vii. 902. Glabra v. junior vix minute puberula. Pinnæ 2-3- (rarius 1-4-)juge; foliola 2-3- (rarius 4-5-)juga, obovata v. suborbiculata, obliqua, tenuia, pleraque 3-1-pollicaria. Pedunculi axillares v. ad nodos vetustos breves fasciculati. Flores glabri, brevissime pedieellati. Calyx 1-11 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen 2-6-pollicare, 4-9 lin. latum.— Olir. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 357. Besenna anthelmintica, Fourn. These Inaug. cum ic. ; A. Rich. ! Fl. Abyss. i. 253. Albizzia floribunda, Kotschy, in Schweinf. Rel. Kotsch. 5, t. 4. Hab. East tropical Africa: Abyssinia, and Cordofan to the Zambesi. **** Flores sessiles v. brevissime pedicellati, parvi, corolla 2 v. rarius fere 3 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues, fasciculati, in inflorescentia aphylla paniculiformi sepius nume- ` rosi, breviusculi (Parviflore). 27. A. CANESCENS, Benth. ! Fl. Austral. ii. 423. Sericeo- v. canescenti-pubescens. Pinnae 2-3-juge; foliola 5—8-juga, oblique obovata, obtusa, ¿-13-pollicaria, pinnarum infe- riorum pauciora minora. Inflorescentia paniculiformis, foliis brevior. Flores sessiles, sericeo-pubescentes. Calyx 1 lin., corolla vix 21 lin, longa. Legumen 8-10-pollicare, 13-23 poll. latum. . Hab. Tropical North-east Australia. 28. A. PROCERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 89. Seri ceo-puberula, demum glabrescens. Pinns subtrijugee ; i foliola petiolulata, 6-8-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, Albizzia. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 565 obtusa, subpollicaria, costa excentrica a margine distante. Inflorescentia paniculiformis foliis brevior. Flores sessiles, puberuli. Calyx 1 lin., corolla vix 2 lin. longa. Legumen 5-7-pollicare, ¿-1 poll. latum.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 422; Brand. For. Fl. 175, t. 26 Mimosa procera, Roxb. Corom. Pl. ii. 12. t. 121. pipes Acacia procera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1063. Mimosa elata, Roxb.! Fl. Ind. ii. 546. Acacia elata, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5233. Mimosa coriaria, Blanco, Fl. Felip. 734, ed 2, 506? ex descr. Hab. Tropical Asia: eastern provinces of India, Burmah, the Archipelago, and appa- rently the same on the north coast of Australia. Adenanthera falcataria, Linn. Spec. 550, A. falcata, Willd. Spec. ii. 550, taken up from Rumphius's figure, Herb. Amb. iii. t. 111, is probably an Albizzia nearly allied to, if not identical with, A. procera. 29. A. ODORATISSIMA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 88. Minute puberula. Pinne 3-8-jugz ; foliola 8-25-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, 6-9 lin. longa, pube minima con- spersa v. canescentia, rarius glabra, costa sepius excentrica sed a margine distante. Inflorescentia paniculiformis. Flores sessiles, pubescentes. Calyx vix semilineam excedit; corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen semipedale et longius, 1-1j poll. latum, glabrum v. minute tomentellum. Mimosa odoratissima, Roxb.! Corom. Pl. ii. 12. t. 120. Acacia odoratissima, Willd. Spec. iv. 1063. Albizzia micrantha, Boiv. in Encycl. xix. Siécl. ii. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: Ceylon, the Indian peninsula, and North-west India. " Mimosa kalkora, imperfectly described as to foliage only, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 547, brought tothe Botanic Garden, Calcutta, from Gualpara, and may be a glabrous form of A. odoratissima. 30. A. QUARTINIANA, Walp. Ann. ii. 457. Folia et inflorescentia A. odoratissim. . Flores ignoti. Legumen 6-10-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum.— Oliv. / Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 359. ` Inga quartiniana, A. Rich.! Fl. Abyss. i. 235. Hab. North-east tropical Africa : Aby As far as our specimen and the descriptions go, of the East-Indian A. odoratissima. ssinia, Quartin- Dillon. | I am unable to distinguish this from some specimens 31. A. ELLIPTICA, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4. xiv. 374. Puberula | TE ; foliola 8-12-juga, elliptica, basi sursum dilatata, doorzet n. 5 e i aud pallide villosa. Pedunculi elongati, axillares, solitari v ihn coser arum superans. Legumen 3-4-pollicare, pollicem nr > 5 à 1087. Hab, Noticia topi AREE ADNOT a oderatinsing: I have seen no specimen. Itis probably, like he grew m inute puberula 32. A. Muertas, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Jh i a eek foliola 4-10- Aculei erassi uncinati sub foliis solitaru ۴ adsun aues clan, sone ناسمه‎ juga, obovato-oblonga, obtusa, obliqua, 6-9 er وی‎ pu a Calyx linea brevior, corolla REN iculiformis. Flores sessiles, glabrius¢ Benth. Fl. Hongk. 102. vix 2 lin Mp Legumen semipedale, 13 poll. latum.—HemP ^ 7^ Mimosa corniculata, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 651, ex descr. 566 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Albizzia. Cesalpinia lebbekoides, DC.! Prod. ii. 483. Hab. Tropical Asia: South China, Macao; and Hong Kong. 33. A. RUFA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 101. "Tomento rufo scene; Aculei crassi uncinati sub foliis solitarii seepe adsunt. Pinne 4-6-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, obovata v. obovato-oblonga, obtusa, obliqua, 6-8 lin. longa, appresse pilosa, costa sub- centrali. Inflorescentia paniculiformis. Flores sessiles, villosi. Calyx linea brevior. Corolla vix 2 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 14-13 poll. latum, glabrum, glaucum. Acacia rufa, Hassk. ! Hort. Bogor. 290. Hab. Tropical Asia: Java. pee Species Australienses, pinnis 1-2-jugis, petiolo brevi. Capitula in axillis pedun- culata. Flores parvi, sessi iles, staminibus corolla haud duplo longioribus eg | stemones). 34. A. THOZETIANA, F. Muell. ! in Benth. Fl. Austral. i1. 422. Elah v. junior cano- puberula. Pinne l-jugæ ; foliola 2-3- rarius 4-juga, cuneato-oblonga v. late linearia, obtusissima, paris ultimi 3-1-pollicaria, czetera multo minora. Flores minute cano-pube- ruli. Calyx fere lineam, corolla 13 lin. longa. Legumen pes E iste i-i E latum, coriaceum. Acacia Thozetiana, F. Muell.! Fragm. iv. 9. Hab. North-east tropieal Australia. 35. A. BASALTICA, Benth.! Fl. Austral. ii. 422. Minute ferrugineo-puberula. Pinne 1-2-juge ; foliola 5—10-juga, oblonga v. fere ovata, obtusissima, 2-3 lin. longa, coriacea, cano-puberula. Flores puberuli. Calyx 1 lin. corolla 1j lin. € Legumen ad 3 poll. longum, 4-5 lin. latum, coriaceum. Acacia basaltica, F. Muell.! in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 146. Hab. North-east tropical Australia. ****** Species Madagascarienses a me non vise. 36. A. PURPUREA, Boiv. ex Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 378. Glabra v. glau- cescens. Pinne 2-jugs; foliola 3-5-juga, ovali-lanceolata, pollicaria. Pedunculi fasci- eulato-panieulati. Legumen fere pedale, 1-14 poll. latum. Hab. Islands of Comores and Nossi-Bé, Boivin. 37. A. Borvin1, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 378. Glabra. Pinne 2-4-1080 ; foliola 4-5-juga, summa quadrangularia, 13-pollicaria, inferiora minora, rotundata, supra lucida. Pedunculi axillares. Flores ea Corolla calyce duplo longior. Legu- men ignotum. Hab. Madagascar, Gulf Diego-Suarez, Boivin. 38. A. VIRIDIS, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv.377. Pinnze 8-juge ; faliola 5-0, juga v. numerosiora, basi insequaliter truncata, glabra, infra pallida. Legumen 4-pollicare obtusum. : Hab. Madagascar ? Dupetit-Thouars. 39. A. POLYPHYLLA, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 372.. Gubfostuiitnodiniío- Albizzia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 567 e ee T EE purs permulta, linearia, parva, supra nigricantia, utrinque pubescentia. Legumen - 6-7-pollicare, 2. poll. = 1 / pn p poll. latum, longe stipitatum, ferrugineo-to- Hab. Madagascar: Diego-Suarez, on the north coast, Bernier. Series 3. Microphyllæ. Pinne multijuge. Foliola multijuga, parva (1-8 lin. longa) sæpius falcata, costa subcentrali. i 40. A AMARA, Bow. in Encycl. XIX Siécl.ii. Pubescens. Pinnæ 7-12-jugæ; foliola 20—40 juga, oblongo-linearia, recta v. subfalcata, obtusiuscula, 13-3 lin. longa, puberula v. subsericea, costa subcentrali. Pedunculi ad nodos sæpius fasciculati. Flores sessiles, puberuli. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 23 lin. longa. Legumen 5-8-pollicare, 2-13 poll. latum tomentoso-puberulum v. glabratum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 356. . Mimosa amara, Roxb. ! Corom. Pl. ii. 13, t. 122. Acacia amara, Willd. Spec. iv. 1074: A. Wightiana, Grah. ! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5259. A. Wightii, W. et Arn. Prod. Fl. Penins. 274. Mimosa pulchella, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 548. Acacia nellyrenza, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. n. 5240. A. sericocephala, Fenzl! in Flora, 1844, 312. Albizzia sericocephala, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii, 91 ; Schweinf. Rel. Kotsch. 6, t. 5, 6. Inga sericocephala; A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 236. Albizzia affinis, Fourn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 371. Hab. Tropical Asia and Africa : Fast-Indian peninsula, Cordofan, and Abyssinia. Al. A. MYRIOPHYLLA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 90. Pubescens. Aculei crassi uncinati sub foliis solitarii sepe adsunt. Pinne 15-18-juge; foliola 20-50-juga, oblongo-linearia, subfalcata, 1-2 rarius 3 lin. longa, rigidula, costa subcentrali. Pedun- culi fasciculati, paniculati. Flores sessiles, puberuli, parvi. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 3-1 poll. latum. » Mimosa microphylla, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 549. Acacia myriophylla, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5242. . A. foliolosa, Grah.! L. c. n. 5241. Hab. "Tropical and subtropical Asia: eastern provinces of India. 49. A. HYPOLEUCA, Oliv. ! Fl. Afr. Trop. ii. 356. Pubescens. Pinos 10-13 juge : foliola ad 20-juga, lineari-falcata, acuta, 2-3 lin. longa, subtus pallida ^ coge > parum excentrica. Peduneuli in axillis superioribus fasciculati. ores sessiles, pubes centes. Calyx 1 lin., eorolla 2-23 lin.longa. Legumen ignotum, A. pallida, Harv. in Fl. Cap. i. 284. Hab. Southern tropical Africa : near Series 4. Faleifolie. Pinne 2- multijuge. Foliola. sepius acuta, costa valde excentrica v. ۲ superiori axillares v. breviter racemosi. The first two species have the midrib more distant intermediate between A. odoratissima and A. Julibrissin. 43. A. SCHIMPERIANA, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr: VOL. XXX. d Lake Ngami, Jf Cabe. 10- multijuga, plus minus falcata, contigua. Pedunculi fascieulatı, and are as it were from the margin than the others, i. 359. Glabra v. leviter puberula. 4E 568 MR. Œ. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. [ Albizzia, Pinne 4—5-jugz ; foliola 11-20-juga, oblongo-subfaleata, oblique. acuta, 5-8 lin. longa, costa valde excentrica a margine tamen distante. Pedunculi axillares. Flores ignoti. Legumen subsemipedale, 1-13 poll. latum, longiuscule stipitatum. Hab. North-east tropical Africa: Abyssinia. 44. A. LEBBEKOIDES, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 89. 'Tomentoso-pubescens, mox glabrescens. Pinn® 3-8-jug& ; foliola 20—30-juga, subfalcato-oblonga, acutiuscula, 6-9 lin. longa, coriacea, glabra, supra nitidula, subtus glaucescentia, costa valde excen- trica a margine tamen distante. Capitula subpaniculata. Flores parvuli, subsessiles, appresse pubescentes. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 4-6-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum. Acacia lebbekoides, DC. Prod. ii. 467 ; Dene., Herb. Tim. Descr. 133. Hab. Tropical Asia: Java, Timor. When I saw this plant in De Candolle's Herbarium I thought it might be a variety of A. odoratissima ; but on comparing the specimens both from Timor and Java, received from the Leyden Herbarium, I am inclined to think that the form and venation of the leaflets, which are, moreover, perfectly glabrous, are sufficient to keep it distinct. ! 45. A. FORBESII, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 92. Velutino-pubescens. Pinne 2-4-jug&; foliola 10-15-juga, faleato-oblonga, obtusa, 2—4 lin. longa, coriacea, utrinque rufo-sericea v. supra glabrata, costa submarginali. Pedunculi axillares. Flores sessiles, rufo-sericei. Calyx 1-13 lin., corolla 3-34 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Subtropical south-east Africa: Delagoa Bay, Forbes. The small obtuse leaflets distingish this from all other species with the marginal midrib. 46. A. JULIBRISSIN, Durazz. in Mag. Tose. iii. pars iv. (1772) 11, ex F. Muell. in Trim. — : Journ. Bot. 1872. Glabra v. molliter pubescens. Stipulee lineares. Pinnæ 7 -11-jug& ; foliola 20-40-juga, falcata, acuta, 4-6 lin. longa, costa margini contigua. Pedunculi fasciculati, axillares v. subracemosi. Flores sessiles, puberuli v. sericei. Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 3-1 poll. latum.— Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ` ii. 356. ! zm 3 Mimosa Julibrissin, Scop. Del. Insubr. 18, t. 8. | d Acacia Julibrissin, Willd. Spec. iv. 1065. | Mimosa arborea, Thunb. Fl. Jap. 229; Kempf. Ic. Sel. t. 19; Gmel. Reise, t. 40; Forsk. Fl. ZEg. Arab. 177. | : M. speciosa, Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ii. 336. : Acacia Nemu, Willd. Spec. iv. 1065. Mimosa Nemu, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 69. Var. MoLLis, undique molliter pubescens. Acucia mollis, Wall.! Pl. As. Rar. ii. 76, t. 177. Albizzia mollis, Boiv. in Encyl. XIX Siécl. ii. Acacia Isembergiana, Schimp.! Pl. Abyss. Exs. Inga Isembergiana, A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. 236. Albizzia Isembergiana, Fournier in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, xiv. 373. Hab. Subtropical and temperate Asia, from Persiato China and J apan, also North-east tropical Africa : Abyssinia, but frequently planted ; introduced also into the Mediterranean region and many parts of America. 47. A. STIPULATA, Boiv. in Encycl. XIX Siécl. ii. Pubescens. Stipule ample, mem- Albizzia. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ.. 569 branaces, caducissimze. Pinne 7-10-juge; foliola 20—40-juga, lineari-faleata, acuta, 3-5 lin. longa, costa margini contigua. Pedunculi breves, axillares v. racemosi. Flores sesiles, sericeo-puberuli. Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla 21-3 lin. longa. Legumen 3-6-polli- care, 9-10 lin. latum, inter semina sepe transverse secedens.—Benih. Fl. Hongk. 102; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 55. Mimosa stipulata, Roxb.! Cat. Hort. Beng. 40 (M. stipulacea, Fl. Ind. ii. 549). Acacia stipulata, DC. Prod. ii. 469. Arthrosprion stipulatum, Hassk. Retzia, 212. Mimosa marginata, Lam. Dict. 1. 12. Acacia marginata, Ham.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5243. Acacia lomatocarpa, DC. Prod. ii. 467. Inga umbraculiformis, Jungh.in Flora, 1847, 508. Mimosa Smithiana, Roxb. ! Fl. Ind. ii. 550. Acacia Smithiana, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5237. Acacia arrophula, Wall. 1. c. 5257, non Don. Inga purpurascens, Hassk. in Flora, 1842, Beibl. ii. 103, Hort. Bogor. 291. . Albizzia purpurascens, Blume, ex Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars i. 28. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: Ceylon and the Peninsula to Nepaul, Khasia, Burma, South China, and the Archipelago. I had formerly, on the authority of Wight and Arnott, referred Lamarck's A. marginata to A. odora- tissima; but it is evident from his description, taken from a Pondichery specimen, and the figure he quotes (Waga, Rheede, Hort. Malab. vi. 9, t. 5), that his plant is identical with the A. stipulata. The character upon which Hasskarl founded his genus Arthrosprion, the breaking-up of the pod into mono- spermous articles, is so very vague a one, and showing so rarely on dried specimens of apparently ripe pods, that I formerly thought he must have alluded to the Acacia concinna, in which the separation of the pod into articles seems to occur at least as frequently ; but on studying his description, it is evident he had the true A. stipulata in view. : : Sectio 3. ZYGIA. pedicellati. Staminum tubus tenuis filamentis apice breviter liberis. puberula. Pinnæ 2-3- rarius 14-3-pollicaria. Peduneuli Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla Flores in capitulis globosis sessiles v. brevissime corolla pluries longior, in alabastro spiraliter tortus, 48. A. Browne, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 362. Glabra ۳ 4-jugze ; foliola 3-5-juga, oblique rhombea v. obovata, majora fasciculati, axillares v. ad apices ramorum breviter racemosi. 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, ad 1 poll. latum. Inga zygia, DC.! Mém. Lég. 440, t. 65. Zygia Brownei, Walp. Rep. i. 928. Hab. West tropical Africa. | ipe D 49. A. WELWITSCHII Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 362. e y. nl 3—4- rarius 5-juge ; foliola 4-8-juga, oblique ovato- E 0 is a ns lin polliearia. Pedunculi axillares v. breviter racemosl. Calyx vix و‎ | longa. Legumen 4-5-pollicare, 3-1 poll. latum. | Zygia Brownei, Schweinf. Rel. Kotsch. 10,t. 10. ۰ Hab. East and west tropical Africa. — 50. A. Purerstana, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 362. Glabra y. vix puberula. Pinne ; 1 eg. obtusa, 4-6 lin. longa v. majora, 2 4jugw. Foliola 3-6-juga, obovato-rhombea, © un rarius sub- 2 * 570 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE. [Albizzia. pollicaria. Pedunculi tenues, fasciculati. Flores distincte pedicellati. Calyx vix 1 lin., corolla ad 5 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Zygia Petersiana, Bolle in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. i. t. 1. Hab. South-east tropical Africa. 51. A. FASTIGIATA, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 361. Ferrugineo-puberula. Pinnæ 4-7- jugæ; foliola 8-15-juga, ovato- v. oblongo-rhombea, obtusa, 4-6 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares v. ad nodos fasciculati. Calyx 13-2 lin. longus. Corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Legu- men 4-6-pollicare, 1-13 poll. latum. Zygia fastigiata, E. Mey.! Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 165. Inga fastigiata, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. Mimosa adianthifolia, Schum. et Thonn.! Beskr. Pl. Guin. 322. Inga Sassa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1027 (Sassa, Bruce, Trav. v. 27, ed. 2, vii. 141 cum ic.). Mimosa Sassa, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 49. Hab. Tropical and South-eastern subtropical Africa to the Natal district ; aud, appa- rently the same, Madagascar, Commerson. 52. A. BRACHYCALYX, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 361. Puberula. Pinne 4—7-juge. Foliola 8-15-juga, ovato- v. oblongo-rhombea, 3-5 lin. longa. Pedunculi tenues. Flores distincte pedicellati. Calyx 3 lin., corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Grant in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. t. 37. Hab. North-east tropical Africa: Lake Victoria Nyanza, Speke and Grant. oS XXIV. PrrHECOLOBIUM, Mart. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 597. The pod in this genus is almost as much diversified as in Acacia, often very different in species otherwise closely allied, and in many species as yet unknown. The following sections, therefore, already somewhat modified from those I had formerly proposed, may require some further alterations as the species become better known :— | Sect. 1. Unevis-cati. Stipule plurimz v. omnes spinescentes. Pinnæ 1-juge v. insequaliter 2-juge. Foliola l- paucijuga. Legumen valde curvatum v. circinatum, valvis post dehiscentiam contortis. Seminum funiculus in axillam carnosam expansus. Species 1-12, omnes Americanz, una in orbe vetere inquilina. Ret Sect. 2. CLYPEARIA. Inermes. Pinne l- paucijuge. Foliola 1- paucijuga, ampla. Capitula parva, paniculata (exceptis P. Junghuhniano et P. pruinoso). Legumen valde curvatum v. circinatum (excepto P. bubalino), valvis post dehiscentiam flexuosis v. contortis. Seminum funiculus haud dilatatus.—S pecies 13-35, omnes Gerontogee. Series 1. Sessiliflore. Species 13-29. Series 2. Pedicellate. Species 30-35. ~ Sect. 8. AsAREMOTEMO. Inermes. Pinnz l- plurijuge. Foliola pauci- v. multijuga rarius 1-juga. Pedunculi axillares v. breviter racemosi. Legumen valde curvatum v. circinatum, valvis post dehiscentiam contortis. Seminum funiculus haud dilatatus. Species 36-53, omnes Americans. Sect. 4, Samanea, Inermes v. rarissime spine axillares. pauci- v. multijuga. Pedunculi axillares v. paniculati. tardius in valvas non tortas dehiscens, nunc articulatum. ricanz. Species 54-81. Series 1. Subarticulate. Legumen lineis transversis depressis inter semina notatum, sepius in arti- culos monospermos divisum. Pedunculi axillares v. racemosi, Species 54-62. Pinnz pluri- rarius 1-juge. Foliola uni-, Legumen planum v. subteres, indehiscens v. Series prima amphigea, cæteræ omnes Ame- lo Se سس‎ et haa Os ar Y E PE ow c an TS i Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA 571 Series 2. Carnose. ` Legumen crasso-carnosu مه‎ - m, compressum. y. teres, continuum v, monilif y nir are axillares t breviter racemosi. Species 63-69. quies . acee. Legumen planum, coriaceum, contin i axi i d - Becker WOR ر‎ a, uum. Pedunculi axillares v. breviter race- Series 4. Parviflore. Legumen planum, tenuiter coriace i i ۱ um, continuum. Capit - paniculata. Species 77-81. E oo orc Sect. 5. OnTHoLonruM. Stipule spinescentes. Pinne l- plurijuge. Foliola 1- plurijuga. Legu- men planum rectum in valvas tenues non tortas dehiscens. Species 82-86, omnes American. Sect. 6. CAULANTHON. Inermes. Pinnz l- rarius plurijuge. Foliola paucijuga, ampla, rarius pluri- juga et minora. Legumen planum, rigide coriaceum, rectum v. arcuatum. Spice breves v. elongate, ad nodos ramorum defoliatorum aggregate. Species 87-102, omnes American. Sect. 7. CHLOROLEUCON. Spine hinc inde axillares solitarise v. gemine. Pinne 2- plurijuge. Foliola 5- multijuga, parvula, Spice ad axillas pedunculate. Flores tenues, glabri. Legumen planum, cori- aceum v. subcarnosum, rectum v. curvum, vix dehiscens. Species 103-108, omnes Americans. Sectio 1. UNGUIS-CATI, Stipulee spinescentes v. rarius 0. Pinne 1-juge v. insequaliter 2-jugee. Foliola uni- v. paucijuga, cujusve paris zequalia. Glandula inter pinnas. Pedunculi axillares v. supe- - riores v. omnes racemosi v. panieulati. Flores glabri v. pubescentes. Legumen valde curvatum v. eireinatum, interdum 2-3-gyrosum, valvis planis v. convexis, post dehis- centiam valde contortis, intus rubentibus (et pulposis?). Seminum funiculus apice in arillum carnosum coloratum dilatatus (excepto P. paraguensi). * Spice ovoidee oblonge v. elongate. Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 105, non ejusd. l.c. iii. 198. oblongo-lanceolata, falcata, sub-3-pollicaria. Spice 14-2 lin., corolla 4-5 lin. longa. Staminum tubus l. P. MACROSTACHYUM, Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, peduneulique pluripollicares. Calyx longissime exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Mimosa macrostachya, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 84, t. 26, nec ۰ brachystachya, uti a DC., lapsu calami, citatur. Inga macrostachya, Steud.; DC. Prod. ii. 437. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, ۰ Rohr. 9. P. LIGUSTRINUM, Klotzsch! in Herb. Berol. Pinnee 1-juge ; r cie ovato-oblonga, obtusa v. obtuse acuminata, 1-3-pollicaria, glabra, uh e ; Spice tenues, 1-3-pollicares. Flores puberuli. Calyx vix 2 lin., وین‎ n. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus V. subinclusus. oe valvee conve . Mimosa ligustrina, Jacq. Fragm. 29, t. 32. f. 6, non Vahl. Inga ligustrina, Willd. Spec. iv. 1007. | A T Pithecolobium macrostachyum, Beuth. Vin Hook. Lond. J e id venis te Inga lanceolata, Humb. et Bonpl. in win Spec. iv. 1005, : A Mimosa lanceolata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 37. : 2 an dob. Pithecolobium lanceolatum, Benth.! m Hook. Lond. NES Rd o te Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Venezuela, New nada, Vera Cruz. 572 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Pithecolobium. 3. P. HYMENEAFOLIUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 198. Pinne 1-jugs; foliola 1-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa v. obtuse acuminata, 2—4- rarius 5-pollicaria, glabra. Spice densissimee, oblonge v. eylindraces, 1-3-pollicares. Flores appresse pubes- - eentes. Calyx vix 1 lin., corolla fere 6 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Inga hymeneefolia, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1008. Mimosa hymeneefolia, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 38. Pithecolobium panamense, Walp. ! in Linnea, xxiii. 746. Hab. Tropical America: Venezuela, New Granada, Panama. 4. P. OBLONGUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 198. Pinnze 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, oblique ovali-oblonga, 1-2-pollicaria, glabra. Peduneuli tenues. Spice novelle fere globose, demum tenues, 3— poll. longa. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla fere 2 lin. longa. Sta- minum tubus subinclusus. Leguminis valve ante dehiscentiam plane, ad 4 lin. late, demum valde ۰ Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Cuming, n. 1155, Seemann, Duchassaing ; Gulf of Fonseca, Sinclair; Nicaragua, (Ersted; and appparently the same, Trinidad, Crueger. ** Capitula globosa. 5. P. DULCE, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 199. Inflorescentia cano-pubescente excepta, glabrum. Pinne 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, obovata v. oblonga, obtusa, valde obliqua, subpolliearia. Capitula breviter pedunculata, superiora paniculato-racemosa. Flores cano-pubescentes. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 14 lin. longa “alba.” Legúmen torulosum, valvis 4-6 lin. latis demum valde contortis.— Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 188. Mimosa dulcis, Roxb. ! Corom. Pl. i. 67, t. 99. Inga dulcis, Willd. Spec. iv. 1005; Wight, Ic. t. 198. Inga pungens, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1004. Mimosa pungens, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 36. Mimosa unguis-cati, Blanco, Fl. Filip. 731, in ed. 2. omissa, non Linn. Inga leucantha, Presl! Bot. Bem. 65. ` Inga Javana, DC. Prod. ii, 436, ex char. et fragm. in herb. DC.! Acacia obliquifolia, Mart. et Gal. ! in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 317. Hab. Tropical America: Central America from New Granada to South Mexico, intro- duced into the Philippine Islands, and thence into East India, where it is now broad occurring also in the Archipelago, the Mauritius and other tropical countries. : 6. P. PUBESCENS, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 141; Lond. Journ. iii 199. Pu- bescens. Pinn: 1-jugze ; foliola 1-juga, ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, obtusa, valde db 1-2-pollicaria, utrinque pubescentia. Capitula breviter pedunculata, superiora Halten lata. Flores tomentelli. Calyx à lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa “rosea,” Legumen non vidi. ; | Inga pubescens, Bert.! in DC. Prod. ii. 437. Inga paniculata, Spreng. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 437. Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana and Santa Marta. 7. P. UNGUIS-CATI, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 200. : Glabra. Pinnz 1-ju x ; foliola 1-juga, obovata orbiculata v. late oblonga, valde obliqua, obtusa, 1-9 dias > و‎ 9—4- A Pithecolobiwm. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 573 Capitula longiuscule jd tenuiter pedunculata, superiora paniculata. Flores glabri v. vix puberuli. Calyx 41 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen subtorulosum, glabrum, valvis 3-6 lin. latis, demum valde tortis. £L Mimosa unguis-cati, Linn. Spec. 1499, ad ic. Plum. t. 4; Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. iii. t. 392. Inga unguis-cati, Willd. Spec. iv. 1006. Mimosa rosea, Vahl, Ecl. iii. 38, t. 25. Inga rosea, Steud.; DC. Prod. ii. 437. Inga forfex, Kunth ! Mim. 52, t. 16, foliolis seepius late oblongis. Pithecolobium forfex, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 199. . Inga guadalupensis, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 70. Mimosa guadalupensis, Pers. Syn. 11. 262.. Inga microphylla, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1004, foliolis parvis. Mimosa microphylla, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 36. Pithecolobium microphyllum, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 200. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Venezuela, and New Granada. The three forms, the typical unguis-cati with large mostly broad leaflets, microphylla with small broad leaflets, and forfex with narrower large leaflets, which I had maintained as distinct, prove to be connected by so many intermediates, that I have felt obliged to revert to the Linnean species, which included all three. ۱ 8. P. nysrrix, Benth.! in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1168. Glabra. Folia minima; pinn:e l-jugæ; foliola 1-juga, obovata, coriacea, 1-2 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares. Flores glabri. Calyx vix 1 lin., corolla 3-31 lin. longa. Legumen annulare, valvis demum tortis tenuiter coriaceis 4 lin. latis. Inga hystrix, A. Rich! Fl. Cub. i. 471. Calliandra hystrix, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 83. Pithecolobium calliandrifolium, Griseb.! ۰ Hab. Tropical America: Cuba. 9. P. CIRCINALE, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 201. Glabrum v. puberulum. Pinnæ 1- rarius 2-juge® ; foliola pinnarum terminalium 2-3-juga, late ovata v. entia obtusa, sepius longiuscule mucronata, ¿-1-pollicaria. Capitula longe one ta. Flores minute tomentelli Calyx f lin., corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen subannu- lare, valvis demum tortis 4-5 lin. latis. Mimosa circinalis, Linn. Spec. 1499, ad ic. Plum. t. 5; € Inga circinalis, Willd. Spec. iv. 1023. mon Inga spinifolia, Desv.! in Journ. Hor 1814, 1. E I < 400. | Pithecolobium spinifolium, Benth, in Hoo, m una, Wright, n. 3546; St. Domingo, Hab. Tropical America: West-Indian Islands, Cuba, rg | Bertero, Ehrenberg, Bitter ; Bahamas (Catesby). ! : dena. Pinne 10. P. zxcersuM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. Glabra i ae sen eli Mos =q l- rarius 2-juge ; foliola pinnarum terminaljum 2-Ju8%, توت ی وی‎ vix tusa, vix mucronulata, T poll. longa. u ar et en valde arcuatum v. annulare, pub eruli Calyx 13 lin., corolla 34 lin. longa. | oe a wn jti puberulum v. glabrum, valvis pv بسن‎ ved Wa. Inga ezcelsa, Kunth! Mim. 57, t. 18. ote atesb. Carol. ii. t. 97. Sc. Nat. ser. 1, ix. 426. - 574 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [Pithecolobium, Inga candida, H. B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 299. Pithecolobium candidum, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 201. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Guayaquil, and on the river Magdalena. 11. P. DIVERSIFOLIUM, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 201. Pubescens. Pinnæ 1-2-juge ; foliola pinnarum terminalium 2-3-juga, obovata v. oblonga, 3-1-pollicaria v. foliorum ramealium minima, obtusissima, valde obliqua. Pedunculi axillares v. ad apices ramorum conferti. Flores cano-pubescentes. Calyx fere 1 lin., corolla 33-4 lin. longa. | Leguminis valve ad 4 lin. late, minute tomentelle, demum valde contort@.—F!. Bras. Mim. i | | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Piauhy, Bahia, and Minas Geraes. *** Species anomala, inermis. Leguminis valve haud contorte. Seminum funiculus * haud dilatatus. 12. P. PARAGUENSE, Benth., sp. n. Glabra. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-juga, obovato- oblonga, j-l-pollicaria. Flores ignoti. Spice fructiferee rhachis 4-1-pollicaris. Legu- men 13-pollicare v. abortu brevius, 4-5 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis convexis. Hab. Subtropical South America: Paraguay, Monte Claro, Gibert. Rami teretes, rigidi, cortice albido, in speciminibus nostris omnino inermes. Foliorum petiolus com- munis j-$-pollicaris. Glandula inter pinnas parva. Foliola rigidula, obtusiuscula, basi valde obliqua, pallide virentia, pennivenia, venis venulisque utrinque conspicuis. Spicarum rhaches seu pedunculi ad nodos annotinos rigidi. Leguminis valve extus fusce, intus rubentes pulpose. Semina alba, crassa, subquadrata, funiculo filiformi flexuoso. Sectio 2. CLYPBARIA. Inermes. Stipule inconspicue. Pinne uni- v. paucijuge foliolis uni- y. paucijugis amplis, v. plurijugze foliolis plurijugis minoribus. Capitula parva, sepius paniculata, ramis paniculse pedunculisque seepius superposite fasciculatis. Legumen valde curvatum v. circinatum, interdum 2-3-gyrosum, valvis coriaceis post dehiscentiam varie tortis. Seminum funiculus apice haud dilatatus. Species omnes Asiatice y. Australasiex. In P. bubalino legumen crassum, parum curvatum. Series 1. Sessiliflore. Flores in capitulo sessiles, pauci v. rarius numerosi. Pinne (ex- cepto P. subeoriaceo) 1-2- rarius 3-juge ; foliolis amplis paucijugis, via obliquis. Several of the following species are scarcely to be distinguished from each other, or even from Albizzia lucida, by the foliage or flowers, and without the fruits have often been mistaken the bie for the other by myself as well as by other botanists. The pods, however, are very different, and appear to be con- stant in each species. Some assistance may also be afforded b : t. y geographical station, and possibly, when studied on the living trees, constant characters in the proportions of the flowers, the glands, &c. may be discovered which have hitherto escaped us. 13. P. Fourntert, Vieill. ! (sub Albizzia), sp. n. Glabra. Pinn®1 juga, oblongo-elliptica v. obovato-oblonga, obtusa, breviter petiolulata. Panicule laxz. Flores in corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen valde curvum v. -juge ; foliola 2-3- majora 2-3-pollicaria, basi contracta, capitulo 10—15, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., z ; cochleatum, valvis subplanis coriaceis demum tortis. ۱ Fithecolobtum. ] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 575 Hab. New Caledonia, Vieillard, n. 409, 427. P. bigemino valde affinis. Differt foliolis non vel vix acuminatis, floribus majoribus glaberrimis M. P. BIGEMINUM, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. Minute tomentellum v. glabrescens. Pinne l- rarius 2-juge; foliola 2-4-juga, ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, 2-3- rarius 4-pol- licaria. Panicule laxse. Flores in capitulo pauci, appresse puberuli. Calyx 3-1 lin., corolla 2-25 lin. longa. Legumen sepe bigyrosum, margine exteriore integro v. rarius leviter sinuato, valvis subplanis coriaceis aveniis demum tortis. Semina compressa. Mimosa bigemina, Linn. Spec. 1499; Vahl! Symb. ii. 103. Inga bigemina, Willd. Spec. ii. 1007. Inga Wightiana, Grah.! im Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5281. Inga annularis, Grah.! 1. c. n. 5269. Hab. Tropical and subtropical Asia: Ceylon, the Peninsula, N epal, and Sikkim. Although the leaves are rarely, if ever, truly bigeminous, this appears to be the plant Linnaeus had in view, and is certainly that of Vahl and others. The Ceylon specimens are more glabrous, with shorter calyxes; the northern ones, on the contrary, more tomentose (though very minutely so), with the calyx longer in proportion to the corolla. The Archipelago specimens referred here by myself and others belong probably to P. lobatum. 15. P. LoBATUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 208. Glabrum. Pinne 1-2-jugw ; foliola 2-3-juga, ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, 3-6-pollicaria. Panicule pleræque in ramis annotinis laterales, lax. Flores in capitulo pauci (sepius 2-3), glabri v. pube- ruli. Calyx 4-1 lin., corolla ad 2 lin, longa. Legumen bigyrosum v. elongatum irre. gulariterque tortum, margine exteriore inter semina ad medium v. altius diviso, lobis orbiculatis crassis 1-2 poll. diametro. Semina magna, compressa, orbiculata. Inga lobata, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5280. Mimosa Keringa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40; Fl. Ind. ii. 543. Mimosa Jiringa, Jack, in Mal. Misc. 1, i. 14. Inga Jiringa, Jack, l. c. ii. vii. 78. Mimosa scutifera, Blanco, Fl. Filip. 735, ed. 2. 507, ex char: Pithecolobium scutiferum, Benth. ! in Hook. Loud. Journ. iii. 211. P. pauciflorum, Benth. ! l. c. 212. Fr a2 Fak emer Asia, Java, Borneo, Beccari, n. 3060; Burmah, Wallich; Philippines, ‘Plante Junghuhniane’ I referred to Albizzia lucida, probably belong to this es referred in various herbaria to P. bigeminum, from neither an inch broad at the seeds and indented to about half between — AB dan eid me selves are said to be as large as those of Entada scandens, e — share ae out without leave between the seeds only a narrow isch. The pod یب‎ scutifera as 1 have myself seen it being folded into a regular coil. Blanco describes the ar " TE a foot long, with the lobes almost in his Philippine-Island — in p ep ور‎ at sin seen no two specimens in which reeularlv turned alternately to the right an mc l species. P. lateriflorum, the m are similarly tvistl, I am induced to estie € m aiios recie BL, referred by Mig. (Fl. Ind. Bat. i i. 34) to P. Ba be distinct from P. lobatum. from Leyden, the flowers sessile, and does not sppe'* ro : : : foliola 1-2-juga 16. P. MOTTLEYANUM, Benth., Sp. n. m cm me 4F x VOL. XXX. - | ae 516 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Pithecolobium. ovali-elliptica, acuminata, subcoriacea, nitidula, 12-2-pollicaria. Panieula ampla, laxi- flora. Flores in capitulo 1-3, appresse puberuli. Calyx $ lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen cochleato-contortum, margine exteriore leviter sinuato, valvis extus fuscis ad 6 lin. latis. Hab. Tropical Asia: Borneo, Mottley. Pluribus notis P. lazifloro accedit. Folia in specimine nostro ad ramulum lateralem pertinere videntur et forte in ramulis majoribus majora. Petiolus communis subpollicaris, pinnarum rhaches plereque longiores, omnes seta crassiuscula persistente terminatze, quod in speciebus finitimis non observavi. Glan- dula petiolaris oblonga. Panicule rami tenues. Pedunculi ultimi filiformes, 2-3 lin. longi, apice bibracteolati, floribus 1-2 rarius 3 intra bracteas sessilibus. Flores iis P. laxiflori forma et proportione similes sed pubescentes nec glabri. 17. P. LAXIFLORUM, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 212. Glabrum. Pinnæ unijuge ; foliola 2-3-juga, ovali-oblonga, obtuse acuminata, ad 3 poll. longa, petiolo rhachibusque tenuibus. Paniculee lax:. Flores in capitulo 2-5, glabri. Calyx vix 1 lin., corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Legumen (an ejusdem speciei?) subcontortum, 6 lin. latum, margine ex- teriore leviter sinuato, valvis in sicco rufescentibus. Acacia laxiflora, DC. ! Prod. ii. 455; Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. 132. Hab. 'Tropical Asia: Timor and perhaps Amboina. The Timor specimens described by De Candolle and Decaisne are in flower only ; and in that state it is impossible to determine how far they are distinct from C. lobatum, from which they differ in the neat slendér petioles and slightly in general aspect. A specimen from Amboina, in Herb. Mus. Par., gathered by Labillardiére, appeared to me to be the same species; and if so, the pod is much nearer that of P. bigeminum ; but probably this specimen may be referrible to P. Mottleyanum. . 18. P. BUBALINUM, Benth. Inflorescentia rufo-tomentella. Folia glabrata. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-2-juga, ovata v. ovali-oblonga, acuminata, 3- rarius 4-pollicaria, nitidula. Paniculee axillares v. terminales, folio sepius breviores, floribundz. Flores tomentelli, in capitulis numerosis breviter peduneulatis pauci. Calyx ad ¿ lin., corolla 21 ]in. longa. Legumen sessile, curvum, tomentellum, 2-3-pollicare, 1-13 poll. latum, valvis crasso- coriaceis valde convexis vix tortis. Semina crassissima, conferta, mutua compressione truncata, 3— poll. diametro. | Inga bubalina, Jack, in Mal. Misc. ii. vii. 77. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, Griffith, Maingay ; Penang, Wallich. Notwithstanding the very anomalous pod, this species is evidently closely allied to the following, and scarcely to be distinguished from it when in flower only. 19. P. MICROCARPUM, Benth., sp. n. Inflorescentia rufo-tomentella. Folia glabrata. Pinnz 1-jug& ; foliola 2—4- juga, ovata v. ovali-oblonga, acuminata, 3—4-pollicaria, nitidula. Panicule axillares, laxiuscule, floribunde, foliis seepius breviores. Flores tomentelli, in capitulis pauci. Calyx ad 4 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen glabrum, siccitate nigrum, flexuoso-contortissimum, valvis convexis, 3-4 lin. latis. Semina distantia, subglobosa, 3—4 lin. diametro. Hab. "Tropical Asia: Malacca, Griffith, Maingay. As to foliage very difficult to distinguish from P. bubalinum, the pod very different, smaller than in any other species of the section. Pithecolobium.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJ. 571 20. P. LUCIDUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 207. Ferrugineo-tomentellum, foliis demum glabratis. Pinne 1-2-juge ; foliola 2—4- rarius 5-juga, ovata v. late oblonga acuminata, subcoriacea, nitida, 13-3-pollicaria, inferiora ssepius alterna. ۳2 axillares, foliis breviores. Flores pubescentes, in capitulo 15-20. Calyx 3-1 lin., corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen circinatum v. laxe contortum, margine exteriore leviter sinuatum, valvis ? poll. latis aveniis demum contortis. Semina crassa, ovoidea, semi- pollicaria.— Fl. Hongk. 102. Inga bigemina, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 182, non Willd. Albizzia Championi, Benth.! in Hook. Kew Journ. iv. 79. Hab. Tropical Asia: South China, Hongkong, and Macao. Distinguished from all the allied species by the lower leaflets of each pinna very rarely opposite. ` 21. P. FASCICULATUM; Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 208. Glabrum v. inflorescentia puberula. Pinne unijuge. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovali-oblonga, 6-10-pollicaria. Panicula terminalis, floribunda, ramulis peduneulisque secus ramos insigniter fasciculato-supra- positis. Flores adpresse pubescentes, in capitulo 3—5. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2-3 lin. longa. Legumen breviter stipitatum, circinatum, valvis planis coriaceis aveniis 14-1} poll. latis. Semina ovata, crassa, nigra, $-pollicaria. Inga Jiringa, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5268, non Jack. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malaeca, Griffith ; Singapore, Wallich, Maingay ; Java, Junghuhn, Teijsmann ; Borneo, Beccari, n. 1134. 99. P. coxrERTUM, Benth., sp. n. Glabrum v. inflorescentia vix rufo-tomentella. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 1-3-juga, ovata v. ovali-oblonga, breviter acuminata, coriacea, nitida, 3-4-pollicaria. Panicule axillares, breves, floribunde. Pedunculi conferti, 4-1- pollicares. Flores glabri. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla 3-31 lin. longa, tubo tenui. Legumen . ignotum. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, Griffith. e Foliorum petiolus communis brevis, pinnarum rhaches 3-4 pollicares. Glandula ad basin phum sepius magna. Species inflorescentia brevi conferta et corollis tenuibus inter affines facile anam 93 P. ROSTRATUM, Miq.! Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 282. Ferrugineo-tomentella. Pinn» 2-3-juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, petiolulata, obovali-oblonga, abrupte acuminata, rm branacea. nitidula, 1-4-pollicaria. Panicula terminalis. Flores ferrugineo-sericel. lalyx " : T <“ cireulariter cochleato-coriaceum, } poll. latum, 2 lin., corolla fere 5 lin. longa. Legumen ** creua en e 4t od extrorsum subsinuatum, extus nigrescens. Semina ovoidea, nigrescentia. Albizzia rostrata, Bl. in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 1. 24. Hab. Tropical Asia: Java. fruit; but the species is evidently distinct, from the others of Our specimen is not good, and without pus eral preceding species, smaller than in the following this section ; the flowers are larger than in the severw p / one .. * ; ‘od. Tomentellum, foliis glabrescentibus. : ak ! in Hook. Fl. Ind. ined. ۱ den s m Bo 2-4-juga v. pinnarum inferiorum 1-juga, nop v. ane Pss minata, 3-6-pollicaria. 'Panieula longa. Flores sessiles, map DAM ivi A E S EDU SC . 2 valvis coriaceis venosis 14-13 poll. ۳9 tomentellis. 472 578 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Pithecolobium, Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, Maingay, and (apparently the same without fruit) . Borneo, Lobb. | This is a large-leaved species, distinguished from all the preceding as well by its much larger flowers as by the pod forming a complete circle, and at least as broad as in P. fasciculatum, but with a few pro- minent transverse branching veins, which in all the allied species are either very obscure or quite obsolete. 25. P. GRANDIFLORUM, Benth. ! Fl. Austral. ii. 424. Subglabrum. Pinn® 1-2-juge; foliola 2-6-juga, ovata, acuminata, 13-2-pollicaria. Panicula terminalis. Flores sericeo- ` pubescentes. Calyx fere 3 lin., corolla 9 lin. longa, infundibularis. Legumen non vidi. Mimosa grandiflora, Soland.! in Herb. Banks. Pithecolobium Tozeri, F. Muell. ! Fragm. v. 10. Albizzia Tozeri, F. Muell. in Trim. Journ. Bot. 1872, 10. Hab. Tropical and subtropical East Australia. F. Mueller blames me for not having adopted his specific name of Tozeri, which he had sent me attached to his specimens, and which he now proposes to restore. I have always felt it my duty to adopt his manuscript names to the new Australian species where there were no predominant reasons against it; but in this instance I had already described the plant from Banks and Solander's specimens under Solander's name when I received F. Mueller's. Moreover, having two manuscript names before me, I could not adopt both ; and if any right of priority can be admitted in unpublished names, it was certainly by far in favour of Solander's. The further ground urged by F. Mueller, the accident met with by Mr, Tozer in gathering the specimens, is one for sympathy on the part of botanists, not for changing the name of a species; the tree is said to be a very handsome one, with flowers still larger than in P. affine. 26. P. HENDERSON, F. Muell. Fragm.v. 191. Glabrum. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 2-3- juga, sessilia, inzequilatero-ovata v. lanceolata, basi valde obliqua. Flores glabri, brevissime pedicellati. Corolla elongata, tubo calycem duplo superante. : Albizzia Hendersonii, F. Muell. in Trim. Journ. Bot. 1872, 10. Hab. Extratropical East Australia, near Ballina, Richmond river, Henderson. | I have not seen this species, which F. Mueller says resembles P. grandiflorum, but has no glands between the leaflets, which are more sessile, and the flowers slender and glabrous. 27. P. CONTORTUM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. Fusco-tomentellum. Pinnæ 4—5- juge ; foliola pinnarum superiorum 12-20-juga, oblique ovato-oblonga, obtusa, 6-9 lin. longa, subtus tomentella. Panicula terminalis. Flores tomentelli, in capitula 3-4, sepius secus rhachin dissiti. Calyx vix 3 lin., corolla fere 2 lin. longa. Legumen cochleatum, 2-3-gyrosum v. demum elongato-contortum, margine exteriore sinuato, valvis fere 9 lin. latis demum contortis. | ۱ Inga contorta, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5283. Inga Finlaysoniana, Grah.! in Wall. l. c. n. 5284. Hab. Tropical Asia: Penang and Singapore. 28. P. SUBACUTUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 210. Rufo-puberulum, gla- brescens. Ramuli subangulati. Pinn® 5-7-juge ; foliola pinnarum superiorum 15-20- juga, oblique ovata, ineurvo-acuta v. acuminata, subsemipollicaria, subtus puberula. Panicula terminalis, brevis. Flores in capitulo 5-6, brevissime pedicellati v. subsessiles, tomentoso-pubescentes. Calyx 1-14 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen cochleato- contortum, margine exteriore sinuato-lobato, ad 6 lin. latum. Pithecolobium.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE X. 579 Hab. Tropical Asia : Philippine Islands, Blanco, Cuming, n. 502. The branches appear to be sometimes slightly angular, but much less so than in P. clypearia and its allies. The flowers are not so closely sessile as in P. contortum, but yet not borne on slender pedicels as in the truly pedicellate species. : 29. P. SUBCORIACEUM, Thw.! Enum. Pl. Zey. 100. Ferrugineo-puberulum. Ramuli subangulati. Pinne 3-12-juge: foliola 10-25-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa v. acutius- cula, 3—4 lin. longa, coriacea, supra glabra, nitidula, subtus pallida v. villosula. Pedun- culi in summis axillis v. ad apices ramorum conferti. Flores pubescentes, in capitulo - plurimi, sessiles. Calyx 14, corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen *'cochleatum, pube- rulum." P. anamallayanum, Bedd. ! Fl. Sylv. t. 189. de Hab. Tropical Asia: Ceylon, Thwaites; Peninsula near Courtallam, Wight; Ana- mallay hills, Beddome. Major Beddome, suspecting that his was the same as the Ceylon plant, forwarded specimens to Dr. Thwaites, who thought it very distinct. Upon carefully comparing them, however, I can discover no more decided differences in the specimens themselves than in the descriptions given of the two. Thwaites characterizes the pinne as 3-jug®, Beddome as 4-12-juge. Our specimens from Thwaites have some- times 4 pair ofpinn&; and in those we have from Beddome they vary from 3 to 7 pair. Series 2. Pedicellate. . Flores im capitulo plurimi, singuli pedicello distincto sepius 1-2-lineari fulti. Pinne valde irregulares, addita interdum tertia ad jugum terminali. t Ramuli teretes. Foliola majuscula, paucijuga. 30. P. BORNEENSE, Benth., sp. n. Minute puberula, glaucescens. Pinnæ 1-2-jugee ; foliola 2-3-juga, valde obliqua, ovata, acuminata, 23-4-pollicaria, coriacea, nitida. Pani- eula terminalis, parum ramosa. Flores in rhache breviter | lineari plures, pedicellati, pubescentes. Calyx vix 1 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. ` Hab. Tropical Asia: Borneo, Beccari, n. 1715, 3491. ig Ramuli € demum glabrati, glaucescentes. Foliorum petiolus communs 1-8-pollicaris, ER nune majuscula oblonga, nunc minima. Pinnarum rhaches 2-0 in eodem pari ۴ ET | | Foliola petiolulata, interdnm subfalcata pennivenia, juniora utrinque minute puberula, mum cantia, subtus ferrugineo-glaucescentia. Panicule rami in specimine perpauci. Pedunculi more affinium lateraliter superposite fasciculati, tenues, 3-6 lin. longs, m parte superiore pedicellos 4—6 ferunt subdissitos, lineam longos. | 31. P. JUNGHUHNIANUM, Benth. ! in PL Jungh. i. 269. ass sub-2-juge ; foliola pinnarum superiorum 3-5-Juga oblique ovali-o Yes “po ga acuminata, majora 3-pollicaria, inferiora minora, utrinque pubesce nia. — Bru | in capitulo globoso numeros, pubescentes, pa E i hleatum v. elongato-con- lin. longis. Calyx $ lin., corolla 23 lin. longa. Legumen cochlea nga | valvis 8-9 lin. latis. Mia. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. i. 25. Js js en Geneesk. Arch. iv. 18, ex Miq. / c. inzequales. ten supra glabrata nitida et siccitate nigri Hab. Tropical Asia: din Junghuhn, Zollinger, n. 2521, Lobb. 580 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Pithecolobium. 39. P. PRUINOSUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 211. Tenuissime rufo-pube- rulum v. glabrum. Pinne 1-2-juge; foliola pinnarum superiorum 3-4-juga, late ovata v. subrhombea, acuminata, majora 2-3-pollicaria, subglabra. Pedunculi in summis axillis v. in panicula brevi corymbosa terminali. Flores glabriusculi, in capitulo globoso numerosi, pedicellis fere 2 lin. longis. Calyx 4 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen cochleatum v. longiuscule contortum, glabrum, valvis 7-8 lin. latis.— I. Austral. ii. 423. Albizzia pruinosa, F. Muell. in Trim. Journ. Bot. 1872, 9. Hab. Subtropical and extratropical East Australia. Very near P. Junghuhniana, chiefly distinguished by being nearly glabrous, with smaller flowers. tt Ramuli angulati. Foliola pluri- v. multijuga. 33. P. ANGULATUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 208. Fusco-puberulum, gla- brescens. Pinn®e 2-4-jugse; foliola pinnarum superiorum 4-8-juga, oblique ovali-ob- longa, acuminata, 3-5-pollicaria, inferiora multo minora, ovato-rhombea. Panicula ter- minalis. Flores in capitulo haud numerosi, pedicellati, tomentelli. Calyx linea brevior, corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen circinatum v. elongato-tortum, 6-8 lin. latum, margine exteriore ad medium v. altius lobato. Mimosa heterophylla, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 545. Inga acutangula, Grah.! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5271. Acacia acutangula, Hamilt.! Herb. . ۱ Hab. Tropical Asia: eastern provinces of India and the archipelago; Assam, Silhet, _ Burmah, Malacca, Penang, Borneo, &e. P. acutangulum, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 282, from Sumatra, must, from the description given, be the true P. angulatum, whilst the fruit referred by Mig. l. e. to P. angulatum must rather be that of P. bubalinum. 94. P. CLYPEARIA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 209. Fusco-pubescens v. gla- brescens. Pinnæ 4-6-jugs; foliola pinnarum superiorum 10-12-juga, valde oblique ovata v. trapezoidea, obtusa v. acuta, 1-14-pollicaria v. inferiora minora. Panicula ter- minalis. Flores in capitulo haud numerosi, pedicellati, tomentelli. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 2-23 lin. longa. Legumen circinatum, 6-8 lin. latum, margine exteriore sinuato, valvis varie tortis. Adenanthera circinalis, DC. Prod. ii. 446, ad ic. Rumph. Amb, iii. t. 112. Inga clypearia, Jack, in Mal. Misc. ii. vii. 78. Mimosa trapezifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 546, non Vahl. Inga dimidiata, Hook. et Arn.! Bot. Beech. 181. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, the Archipelago, Penang, Singapore, Beccari, n. 3145 ; South China. 35. P. MONTANUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 209. Fuseo-pubescens v. gla- brescens. Pinne 7 -12-jugs ; foliola pinnarum superiorum 12-20-juga, oblique ovato- oblonga, falcata, obtusiuscula v. acuta, 3-6 lin. longa. Panicula terminalis. Flores in capitulo haud numerosi, pedicellati, tomentelli. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 2-21 lin. longa. Legumen circinatum, margine exteriore sinuato, valvis varie tortis. : Inga montana, Span. ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. i. 36, non Jungh. Pithecolobium falcifolium, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 418. Sumatra, Borneo, A ES c LER MTM aS و‎ DE M C C ll Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE, 581 ` Inga falciformis et I. falcifolia, Hassk. Hort. Bogor, 291, ex Hassk. l. c. I. subfalcata, Zoll. in Flora, 1847, 706. Hab. Tropical Asia: Khasiya, Griffith ; Java; Borneo, Motley, Beccari, n. 2751. Var.? microPHYLLa. Foliola seepius 3-4 lin. longa (in forma typica sepius 4-6 lin.). Hab. Java, Philippine Islands, Cuming, n. 1918; and perhaps with still smaller nar- rower leaflets, Borneo, Beccari, n. 3730; our specimen insufficient for accurate de- termination. | This species appears to be very variable as to the petiolar glands of the leaves, sometimes all very small and stipulate, sometimes rather large aad sessile; and occasionally I have seen both on the same leaf. Sectio 3. ABAREMOTEMO. Arbores v. frutices elatiores, inermes. Stipule parvee caducissime v. obsolete. Pinne pluri- v. multijuge, rarius unijuge. Foliola uni- pauci- v. multijuga. Pedunculi axil- lares v. ad apices ramorum conferti. Flores parvuli, in capitulo seepius numerosi, staminum tubo incluso. Legumen planum, valde curvatum v. circinatum, valvis post dehiscentiam varie contortis. Seminum funiculus haud v. vix dilatatus, This is the American representative of the section Clypearia, and scarcely differs from it in essential characters. The inflorescence is distinct from that of most species of Clypearia, but is represented in the P. Junghuhnianum and P. pruinosum, which, notwithstanding their geographical station, might, perhaps, be better placed in Abaremotemo. * Pime 1-juge, petiolo alato. Foliola 1-juga, 3-4-pollicaria. 36. P. FURCATUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 106. Glabrum v. minute pube- rulum. Pinne unijuge, petiolo communi rhachibusque late alatis ; foliola 1-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtuse acuminata, 3—4-pollicaria. Flores in capitulo ovoideo sessiles. Calyx 21 lin. longus, puberulus. Corolla 5 lin. longa, sericeo-villosa. Legumen ignotum. sap i Hab. Tropical America: South Mexico, on the banks. of the river Teapa, Linden, Pi 123. . ۰ H * , This is the only species known to me with the leaves bipinnate as in Pithecolobium, but with the rhachis winged as in the majority of the simply pinnate Inge and Affonsee. ** Pinne 1-2-juge. Foliola 1-3-juga, 2-4-pollicaria, obtusa, coriacea, nitida. ! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabrum v. vix tomentellum. Pinne 1-2-jug: ; foliola 1-juga, obovato-oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, 3-4-pollicaria. Pedunculi 1-]-pollicares. Flores in rhache brevissima subsessiles, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen junius glabrum, perfectum ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. “ 38. P. FILAMENTOSUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 106. reg I 2 jugæ; foliola 1-2-juga, oblique obovato-oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, 4 ipm e" P ce uli 2-3-pollicares. ' Flores in rhache semipollicari breviter pedicellati, er 7 | i | »oumen curvum, 6-8 lin. latum, gla- glabri. Calyx 14-23 lin., corolla 2-4 lin. longa. Legu ; g brum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. 37. P. LEUCOPHYLLUM, Spruce 582 : MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Pithecolobium. P. turbinatum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 106. Inga crassifolia, Klotzsch! in Herb. Berol. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia; Venezuela, Otto. 39. P. MICROCALYX, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabrum v. minute pube- rulum. Pinne 1-2-juge; foliola 2-3-juga, oblique obovato-sul biculata, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, 13-23-pollicaria. Pedunculi 2-3-pollicares. Flores in rhache 3-6 lin. longa pe- dicellati. Calyx vix 13 lin., corolla fere 2 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 40. P. OBOVALE, Benth. Glabriusculum. Pinne 2-juge. - Foliola 2—4- rarius 5-juga, obovalia, obtusissima, coriacea, venosa, majora sub-2-pollicaria. Pedunculi 2—4-pollicares, rigiduli. Flores in rhache 3—4-lineari pedicellati, tomentelli. Calyx 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen crasso-coriaceum, planum, valde incurvum fere circinatum, valvis 4-5 lin. latis. i Inga obovalis, A. Rich ! Fl. Cub. i. 472. Calliandra revoluta, Griseb. ! Cat. Pl. Cub. 83. Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, De la Sagra, Wright, n. 2399. ` 41. P. ASPLENIFOLIUM, Griseb.! Cat. Pl. Cub. 8. Glabrum. Pinne 24-juge; foliola 6-12-juga, oblique oblonga v. obovali-oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, 6-8 lin. longa. Pedunculi longiusculi. Flores in rhache breviter lineari longe pedicellati, glabri. Calyx fere 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. an glabrum, Cinta, margine exte- riore leviter sinuato, valvis 3—4 lin. latis. Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Wright, n. 2403. *** Pinne 14-juge. Foliola 2-4-juga, ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, l- pluri-pollicaria. 42. P. LETUM, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 203. Ferrugineo-villosulum. Pinne l- rarissime 2-juge; foliola 1-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, majora semi- pedalia, utrinque viridula. Flores in capitulo sessiles, apice villosi. Calyx 1 lin., co- rolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen curvum, margine exteriore sinuato, MM 6-8 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Inga leta, Popp. ! et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 80. Pithecolobium polycarpum, Poepp.! et Endl. 7. c. 81. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Martius; Surinam, Focke (distributed by Miquel under the name of 1. capitata, Desv.); North Brazil, Eastern Peru. 43. P. COCHLEATUM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. Glabrum. Pinnse 1-2-jugee ; foliola 2-3-juga, ex ovato oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, supra nitida, subtus glaucescentia v. pallida, 1-2-pollicaria. Flores in capitulo breviter pedicellati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 ۰ lin. longa. Legumen valde curvatum v. circinatum, margine exteriore sinuato, 4-9 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Inga cochleata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1020. Mimosa cochleata, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 45. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Para. 44. P. AUAREMOTEMO, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. Glabrum v. minute glanduloso- i | $ 4 ۱ B | : | Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 583 puberulum. Pinne 2-3- rarius 4-jugee ; foliola 2-3-juga, ovata v. rhombea, acuta acu- minata v. rarius obtusa, coneoloria, 1-2-pollicaria, paucivenia. Flores in capitulo sessiles, glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen circinatum v. gyris 2-3 cochlea- tum, 13 poll. diametro, valvis ad 6 lin. latis. —Benth, in Fl. Bras. "- Inga nandinefolia, DC. ! Prod. ii. 440. Mimosa vaga, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 13. Mimosa cochliocarpa, Gomez, Obs. Pl. Bras. 30 (84?), t. 4, £.3; DC. Prod. ii. 430. Inga cochlocarpos, Mart. ! Reise, i. 549. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Bahia, Pernambuco, and Ceara. 45. P. CAMPESTRE, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras, Mim. Glabrum ۲۰ vix minute puberulum. Pinnæ 24-juge: foliola 2-5-juga, ovata, acuminata, basi late rotundata, 13-21-pollicaria, utrinque lete virentia, venosa. Flores in capitulo subsessiles, gla- briusculi. Calyx 14 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa, Legumen circinatum, ad 3 poll. diametro, valvis $ poll. latis. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. ¿E Pinne plurijuge. Foliola pluri- (4-12-)juga, pleraque 4-1-pollicaria, valde obliqua, rhombea v. falcata, obtusa. 46. P. TRAPEZIFOLIUM, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 142, Lond. Journ. ii. 204. Ferrugineo-tomentellum v. glabratum. Pinne 2-4-juge; foliola 4-8-juga, pleraque rhombeo-ovata, coriacea, subpollicaria, subtus puberula. Flores in capitulo sessiles, tomentosi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen minute puberulum, eircinatum, ad 13 poll. diametro, valvis 4-5 lin. latis. —Hi. Bras. Mim. Miaosa trapezifolia, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 36, t. 28. Inga trapezifolia, DC. Prod. ii. 441. Mimosa vaga, Aubl. Pl. Gui. ii. 945, nou Linn. Acacia Jupunba, Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1067. Mimosa Jupunba, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 70. Mimosa atakta, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 758. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Guiana, n. 1457. 47. P. LUSORIUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 204. Ferrugineo-tomentellum. beo-ovata, coriacea, utrinque glabra, Pinnze 2-5-juge ; foliola 3-6-juga, oblique rhom majora 1-13-pollicaria. Flores in capitulo ovoideo breviter pedicellati, nid puberuli. Calyx fere 2 lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Legumen (ex icone Velloziana) planum, eurvum, valvis demum contortis.—Z/. Bras. Mim. Mimosa lusoria, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 14. Inga brachystachya, DC. ! Prod. ii. 440. Calliandra obovata, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. - Hab. "Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Sao small-leaved variety, Rio Janeiro. —. rrugineo-toment 48. P. rerRUGINEUM, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. en T ae di en sum. Pinn® 2-3-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, $c , VOL. XXX. wo Dominica, Columbia, Moritz, iii. 101. Paulo and Minas Geraes, and perhaps, a Sond. oblique rhom 584 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Pithecolobium. reticulata, glabra v. subtus puberula, 1—1-polliearia. Flores in capitulo ovoideo-globoso subsessiles, ferrugineo-tomentelli. Calyx 4 lin., corolla 5$ lin. longa. Legumen villo- : sum, arcuatum v. circinatum, valvis 6—8 lin. latis contortis. Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana, Schomburgk. 49. P. RHOMBEUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 217. Ferrugineo-tomentellum. Pinne 6-S-juge; foliola 8-12-juga, oblique rhombea, vix coriacea, subglabra, majora 8-9lin.longa. Flores in capitulo globoso sessiles, ferrugineo-puberuli. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen curvum, coriaceum, venosum, ad 5-pollicare, 8-9 lin. latum, planum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. — Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: South Brazil. It does not appear whether the valves of the pod, after separating, become twisted or not; and the place of the species, whether in Abaremotemo or in Samanea is uncertain. It appears to be nearly allied to some of the foregoing; but the foliage is more like that of the West-Indian P. micradenium, with pale-coloured rather thin leaflets. ###** Dine pluri- (3-8-)juge. Foliola multi- (10—30-)juga, rarius 6-S-juga, i sp. 2 prioribus membranacea ad 6 lin. longa, in 2 sequentibus dimidio minora. 50. P. FLORIBUNDUM, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-tomen- tellum. Pinnæ 4-6-juge; foliola 12-20-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, semipollicaria, membranacea, subglabra. Flores in capitulo globoso brevissime pedicellati, minute pubescentes. Calyx fere 2 lin. longus, corolla duplo longior. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. 51. P. MICRADENIUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 217. Ferrugineo-tomentellum. Pinn® 3-S-juge ; foliola 6-12-juga, oblique rhombeo-obovata v. oblonga, 6-9 lin. longa, membranacea, subtus puberula. Flores in capitulo subgloboso v. elongato breviter pedicellati. Calyx 1-13 lin., corolla 24 lin. longa. Legumen glabrum, curvum v. fere circinatum, margine exteriore sinuato.—Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 226. P. Brongniartii, Duchass. et Walp.! in Flora, 1853, 232, Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Jamaica, Dominica, Guadeloupe. 52. P. AURICULATUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 217. Ferrugineo-tomentellum. Pinne 5-7-juge; foliola 6-12-juga, oblique rhombea, obtusa, hine obtuse auriculata, 3-4 lin. longa, supra nitida, subtus pallide rufescentia. Flores in capitulo globoso sessiles. Calyx $ lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras asi Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. pe ard 53. P. LANGSDORFII, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 905. ED C ME lum. Pinne T Juge; foliola 15-25-juga, oblonga, obtusa v. acutiuscula, ad 3 lin. longa, supra nitida, subtus albida. Flores in capitulo globoso rarius oblongo sessiles v breviter pedicellati. Calyx 1-13 lin., corolla 2-24 lin, lo | e $ " nega. Le ۱ glabrum, 4 lin. latum.— 77. Bras. Mim. d ne رت‎ hai Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Rio Janeiro, and Minas Geraes. . Pithecolobium.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 585 Sectio 4. SAMANEA. Arbores v. frutices inermes v. rarissime spinis axillaribus armati. Pinne pluri- v. rarius multijuge. Foliola uni- pauci- v. multijuga. Legumen rectum arcuatum v. cir- cinatum, nune planum et rigide coriaceum v. carnosum, rarius tenue, nunc. crassum v. subteres, indehiscens v. tardius in valvas nec tortas nec elastice dissilientes secedens, interdum moniliforme v. articulatum. Pedunculi axillares v. ad apices ramorum race- mosi v. paniculati, in fasciculo haud unilateraliter suprapositi. Flores in capitulo glo- boso sessiles v. pedicellati. Series 1. Subarticulate. Legumina nunc crassa inter semina linea transversa depressa notata, nunc tenuia et plana, sepissime demum in articulos monospermos subquadratos divisa. Inermes excepto P. umbellato. | * Gerontogee. 54. P. UMBELLATUM, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 202. Puberulum. Spine hine inde axillares valide. Pinn® 1-2-juge ; foliola 4-10-juga cum exteriore prope basin rhacheos, oblique oblonga, obtusa, 3-$-pollicaria. Pedunculi axillares v. ad nodos fasciculati, tenues. Flores in capitulo pedicellati, glabriusculi. Calyx 1-1} lin., corolla 3-31 lin. longa. Legumen curvum, crassum, 3—4-pollicare, 2 poll. latum, inter semina transverse depressum. Mimosa umbellata, Vahl! Symb. ii. 103. Inga umbellata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1027. Mimosa concordiana, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 556. - - Inga concordiana, DC. Prod. ii. 441. Mimosa nitida, Vahl, Symb. i1. 163. Acacia nitida, Willd. Spec. iv. 1086. | Inga Kenigii, W. et Arn. Prod. Fl. Penins, 269. Pithecolobium nitidum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 202, Hab. Tropical Asia : East-Indian peninsula and Ceylon. | ` "The specimen in Herb. Vahl marl ed Mimosa nitida is there said to be from Ceylon. It appeared to me when I saw it many years ago to belong to this species rather than to Calliandra geminata ; but I have had no means of determining it positively. | .55. P. MONILIFERUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii.211. Tomentellum. Vinnie 1-2-jugee; foliola 4-7-juga, oblique obovata v. ovali-oblonga, obtusa, supra geen et venosa, terminalia 1-13 v. fere 2 poll. longa, cetera minora. mum) digne : ores in capitulo longiuscule pedicellati, glab iusculi. Calyx 1 lin., corolla o 2 s" onga. Legumen curvum v.rarius rectum, 3—4-pollicare, i poll. latum, crassum, fere vm inter semina transverse depressum demumque siepe divisum.—Benth. Fl. Austral. ii. 424. Inga moniliformis, DC. Prod. ii. 440; Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. 131. Inga umbellata, Zoll. in Flora, 1847, 706, non Vahl. Cathormion moniliferum, Hassk. Hort. Bogor. Descr. 272. ` Albizzia monilifera, F. Muell. i a = ege j k. Cat. Hort. Bog. 290, ; mede een Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. i. 37, quoad crm mc dem Benth. Hab. Tropical Asia and Australia: Java, Timor, north coast 0 7 3 ; 586 | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. [ Pithecolobium. 56? P. PERviLLEANUM, Benth., sp. n. Tomentellum. Pinnæ 2-3-juge ; foliola 5-6 juga, petiolulata, oblique ovalia ovali-oblonga v. subrhombea, obtusa, %-12-pollicaria, tenuiter subcoriacea, glabra v. ad venas tomentella, pennivenia, venulosa. Pedunculi axillares, 2-3ni, 1-11-pollicares. Flores in capitulo sessiles, appresse pubescentes. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 22 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Madagascar, northwest coast, Pervillé, n. 327. Until the fruit is known, the place of this. species, very unlike any other Old-World one, cannot be determined on ; but it appears to be allied in foliage to the preceding, in flowers to the following species, 57. P. ALTISSIMUM, Oliv.! Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. 364. Ferrugineo-puberulum. Pinne 5-6-jugz ; foliola 10-25-juga, lineari-oblonga, subfalcata, glabra, 4-6 lin. longa. Pedun- culi axillares. Flores in capitulo sessiles, glabri. Calyx 12 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen valde eurvum v. 2-3-gyrosum, dum extensum i-l-pedale, 6-9 lin. latum, crassum, inter semina transverse depressum. Albizzia altissima, Hook. f. Fl. Nigr. 339. Hab. West tropical Africa. There is in the Kew herbarium a specimen from West tropical Africa gathered by Mann on the Bagroo river, which appears to be a distinct species allied to the last, with much smaller leaflets, and more numerous pinnze, but insufficient to justify its description as a species. ** Americane. 58. P. MARGINATUM, Spruce! Benth. in-Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabrum. Pinnæ 1- juge; foliola 3—4-juga, ovato-oblonga v. falcato-obovata, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, venosa, 1-2-pollicaria. Pedunculi ad apices ramorum plures. Flores in capitulo plerique longe pedicellati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen arcuatum, crassiusculum, 4-6- pollicare, 6-7 lin. latum. ۱ Calliandra marginata, Benth. ۱ in Spruce Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 59. P. PANURENSE, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabrum. Pinns 1-juge ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblique subrhombea v. oblonga, 3-1-pollicaria, v. terminalia obovalia et polliearia, nitida, subtus pallida. Pedunculi ad apices ramorum plura. Flores in capi- tulo longiuseule pedicellati. Calyx fere 2 lin., corolla 3$ lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. y | d Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 60. P. DAULENSE, Spruce!,sp.n. Glabrum. Pinn® 1-juge ; foliola 3-4-juga, oblique ovalia y. ovali-oblonga, obtusissima, -1-pollicaria, nitida. Pedunculi breves, tenues, in racemis ad apices ramorum plurimis conferti. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 4 lin. corolla 11 lin. longa. Legumen glabrum, rectum v. curvum, sub-4-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: n. 6330. Arbor ramosissima 30-pedalis, caudice valido, quoad folia et legumina precedentibus affinis, floribus parvis sequentium, inflorescentia ab omnibus diversa. Ramuli et rhaches foliorum hinc inde minutissime puberuli, ezeterum ex omni parte glabra. Foliorum petiolus communis 3-6 lin. longus, glandula minuta savannahs on the Daule river near Guayaquil, Spruce, Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 987 v. obsoleta; pinnarum rhaches 1-2-pollicares, Foliola tenuiter coriacea pennivenia et basi 3-4-nervi venulosa. Racemi ad apices ramorum plurimi, erecti, 3-4-pollicares, densifiori ; pedunculi secus bow Mr, E^ lin. longi. Capitula parva. Legumen ut in P. marginato ola coriaceum از‎ semina lineis transversis insigniter depressis notatum, et ut videtur ibidem tardius in articulos m nt secedens v. omnino indehiscens. onospermos Bh E: CORYMBOSUM, Benth. 1 in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 221. Glabrum v. tomentellum. Pinne 2-5-jugse ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblique subrhombeo-oblonga, obtusissima, venosa, 1-i poll. longa v. terminalia fere pollicaria. Pedunculi axillares et ad apices ramorum corymbosi. Flores in capitulo pedicellati, puberuli. Calyx 1-1} lin., corolla infundibu- liformis 2-2} lin. longa. Legumen planum, coriaceum, haud crassum, 2-4-pollicare, 4-5 lin. latum, inter semina transverse lineatum et demum seepius divisum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa corymbosa, Rich. in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1792, 113 ex diagnosi brevi. Inga trapeziformis, Steud.! in Flora, 1843, 759. Hab. 'Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, Cayenne, and British Guiana. 62. P. BLANCHETL, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Vix puberulum. Folia et inflores- centia P. corymbosi. Calyx $lin. Corolla 14 lin. longa, fere ad basin 5-fida. Legumen ignotum. ۱ Enterolobium Blancheti, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii, 224. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. $ Series 2. Carnos®. Legumen crasso-carnosum, compressum v. teres, continuum v. monili- ‚forme nec articulatum, indehiscens v. tardius bivalve, inerme. |. Pedunculi axillares. 63. P. SAMAN, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 216. Pubescens. Pinne 2—4-jug:e ; foliola 2-8-juga, oblique ovato-oblonga v. suborbieulata, majora sesquipollicaria, vix coriacea, subtus pubescentia.. Pedunculi 4-5-pollicares. Flores in capitulo breviter pedicellati. Calyx و‎ lin. longus, pubescens. Corolla 5 lin. longa, sericeo-villosa. Legu- men sessile, rectum, crassum, coriaceo-carnosum, indehiscens, 6-8-pollicare, 4-1 poll. latum, compressum v. subteres.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa Saman, Jacq. Fragm. 15, t. 9. Inga Saman. Willd. Spec. iv. 1024. ۱ Calliandra Saman, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. ۰ Inga salutaris, H. B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 304. I. cinerea, Humb. et Bonpl. ! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1024. Pithecolobium cinereum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 216. Mimosa pubifera, Poir. Dict. Ven 3 4 i5 Fü i nth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. 111. ۰ femper North Brazil Eastern Peru, Columbia, Central America, Jamaica: but in the latter station, and perhaps some others, originally planted. : ens from Eastern Peru the fruit before attaining its full size, though flat, — a of each face, and, when ripe, becomes quite terete, or, according to Spruce due dun Bread Ta üe Carte epeitens Of Winde, i S72 Fer mm e i mr very thick, but remains flattened. I can find no other difference in i — - = ۱ resemble at first sight those of Allieris Leböek, amd of Lysiloma Geachepel, wi 3 In Spruce's specim raised line along the centre sonietimes confounded when in flower only. 588 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE4. [ Pithecolobium. 64. P. PEDICELLARE, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 219. Glabrum v. ferrugineo- tomentellum. Pinns 6-10-jugse; foliola 20-30-juga, oblongo-linearia, obtusa, 3—4 lin. longa, demum coriacea. Pedunculi axillares. Flores in capitulo pedicellati. Calyx vix linea longior, corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Legumen rectum, crassum, 3- (4-?) pollicare, 2 poll. latum, continuum, indehiscens, inter margines crassos transverse venosum.— Fl: Bras. Mim. i Inga pedicellaris, DC, ! Prod. 441. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Cayenne. Mimosa chrysantha, Vahl, Ecl. ii. 88 (Acacia chrysantha, DC. Prod. ii. 471), from Cayenne, v. Rohr, is probably this species or one closely allied to it. When I saw the specimen in Vahl’s herbarium, it appeared to me to be the Jamaican P. filicifolium ; but that is not a Cayenne plant, and agrees less with Vahl's description than the nearly allied Cayenne P. pedicellare. "The only objection is Vahl's express statement “ Petiolus eglandulosus," whereas in P. pedicellare there is usually a prominent gland about halfway from the base to the lowest pair of pinnae. De Candolle has reversed the numbers respectively assigned by Vahl to the pinn: and the leaflets; but that is owing to Vahl's having, in common with many of the older botanists, always given the name of foliola to the primary divisions of the leaf now called. pinne, and that of pennule to the secondary segments now always termed foliola or leaflets. 65. P. FILIPES, Benth. Glabrum. Pinne 2-juge ; foliola 2-4-juga, obovata, obtusis- sima, coriacea, polliearia v. paullo longiora. Pedunculi axillares, tenues, recurvi, 3—4- pollicares. Flores in capitulo globoso sessiles, tenues. Calyxad 2 lin, longus. Corolla fere semipollicaris. Legumen semipedale v. longius, leviter arcuatum, # poll. latum, crassum, leviter torulosum. Inga filipes, Vent. Choix, t. 38. ۳ Hab. "Tropical America: San Domingo. 66. P.? BERTOLONIL, Benth. Pubescens. Pinnz 2-jugee ; foliola 2-juga, elliptica, obtusa, basi obliqua, pilosa. Spice capitate, racematee, solitarize y. geminate, altera pedicellata altera subsessili. Legumen compressum, torulosum, faleatum, rubens, velutinum. | | Mimosa monilifera, Bertol. Fl. Guatem. 41. Hab. Tropical America: Guatemala, Velasquez. 1 have not seen this plant; but from Bertoloni’s very incomplete character, from which I have extracted the essential points, it would appear to be nearly allied to the preceding and following species. 9—4-spermum, 67. P. SOPHOROCARPUM, Benth. ! in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i 598. Ferrugineo-pube- rulum, glabrescens. Pinne 1-5-jugse. Foliola 5-12-juga, oblique oblonga v. subrhombea, obtusa v. aeuta, maxima 2-pollicaria, minora vix semipollicaria. Pedunculi axillares, 13-2-pollicares, tenues. Flores in capitulo sessiles, glabri. Calyx linea brevior, corolla 2} lin. longa. Legumen teres, carnosum, inter semina valde contractum, monilibus (ad 9) ` ovoideo-globosis subsemipollicaribus. Hab. Tropical America : * New Spain, "Herb. in Segovia, and at Candelaria, (Ersted. Species legumine, fere Sophore Japonice, distinctissima, an frutex tenues, teretes, pube tenui demum evanida. Stipule parvee, lisque nunc confertis sat numerosis parvis, Pavon; Costa Riea on Mount Pantarmo an arbor haud patet. Ramuli € caduce. Folia valde variant, pinnis folio- nunc in ramulis laxioribus ; pinnz 1-2-juge elongatz rhachibvs Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 589 subsemipedalibus, foliolis paucis, 1-2-pollicaribus. . Glandula inter pinnas parve, nunc minute. Foliola rigide membranacea v. tenuiter coriacea, sepe subfaleata, acuminata v. obtusa, supra nitidula. Flores tubulosi. Stamina numerosa, corolla duplo saltem longiora, tubo corolla incluso. 68. P. MICRANTHUM, Benth., sp. n. Glaberrimum. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusissima, coriacea, nitida, 23-4 lin. longa. Pedunculi axillares, 4—4- pollicares. Flores in capitulo sessiles, glabri. Calyx vix j lin., corolla 1 lin. longa. Legumen eurvum, carnosulum, subteres, inter semina hine inde contractum, 14-pollicare, 3 lin. latum. t d - Hab. Tropical America: San Domingo, Schomburgk, no. 149 (Herb. Berol.) Ramuli breves, verruculosi et forte visciduli. Folia siccitate nigricantia, petiolo communi 2-3 lin. longo. Pinne 14-2-pollicares. Glandule scutellatz inter pinnas et parve inter foliola parum superiorum. ` Foliola obliqua at vix falcata, costa centrali supra in statu sicco nigra, subtus fuscescentia. Pedunculi in axillis seepius gemini. Corolla tubulosa, apice 5-dentata. Stamina numerosa, corolla dimidio longiora, ` basi in tubum brevem valde inzqualiter monadelpha. Legumen ei P. filicifolii subsimile. 69. P. FILICIFOLIUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 205. Ferrugineo-tomentellum. Pinn® 8-12-juge ; foliola 20-30-juga, oblique falcato-oblonga, obtusiuscula, 3-4 lin. longa, glabrescentia. Pedunculi axillares v. supra-axillares, 2-3-pollicares. Flores in eapitulo globoso sessiles, apice sepius pubescentes. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen junius tomentellum, mox glabratum, teretiusculum, carnosulum, inter semina contractam, arcuatum v. contortum, 2-3-pollicare, 4-6 lin. latum, demum bivalve.— Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 226. Mimosa filicifolia, Lam. Dict. i. 13? M. arborea, Linn. Spec.1503, pro parte; Swartz, Obs. 390. Acacia arborea, Willd. Spec. iv. 1064, pro parte ; Macfad. ! Fl. Jam. 320. ۱ - Hab. Tropical America : W. Indies, Southern Mexico and Central America, Jamaica, San Domingo, Cuba, Xalapa, Galeotti; Nicaragua, (Ersted. ۳ < I have now some doubts whether I was correct in referring this to Lamarck's M. filicifolia, which is but imperfectly described. At the same time there are objections to the substituting for it the spe- cific name arboreum as Linnean. Independently of the inconvenience of giving that name to one only out of nearly one hundred art rescent species of the genus, it was very vaguely applied by early botanists. There is no doubt that Linnaeus had partly in view the tree described and figured by Sloane (i. t. 189. f. 1, 2), which is the present species; but unfortunately he took his description from the Acacia villosa, which represents it in his herbarium ; and Miller and others of Linnzeus’s contemporaries applied the name arborea to the Albizza Julibrissin. On the whole, therefore, the best course appears to be to follow Grisebach in keeping up the name of Pithecolobium filicifolium. Series 3. Corraceæ. Legumen planum, rigide coriaceum, sea v. tardius 2-valve, `` 4nerme. Pedunculi axillares v. summi br iler racemosi. Flores sessiles, nunc 1_1 poll. longi, nunc ultrapollicares. ifo | 70. aa Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. m Mim. Glabrum. Jc 1-jugee; foliola sub-2-juga» obovata v. oblonga, obtusissima, coriacea, nitida, ios 13- i i ۱ ۱ mipollicaris. Legumen glabrum, 4-pollicare, pollicaria. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla se 3-1 poll. latum. u erica: Venezuela, near the Braz : ilian borders on the river Pacimoni, Hab. Tropical Am ar M 74. P. ADIANTIFOLIUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 218. ^ reum, glabrum v. vix puberulum. Pinng 2-8 tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum. 590 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Pithecolobium. 71. P. LINDSEIFOLIUM, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, glabrum v. leviter tomentellum. Pinnse 3—4-jugs ; foliola 8-14-juga, falcato-rhombea, obtusa, coriacea, nitida, ¿—1-pollicaria. Flores tomentelli. Calyx 3-4 lin., corolla 1-14 poll.longa. Staminum tubusexsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. "Tropical America: North Brazil. 72. P. SPRUCEANUM, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Alte scandens, glabrum v. minute tomentellum. Pinne 6-9-juge; foliola 12-18-juga, falcato-rhombea, incurvo-acuta; coriacea, nitida, 6-9 lin. longa. Flores tomentelli. Calyx subpollicaris, corolla 2 poll. | longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 73. P. LONGIFLORUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 107. Alte scandens, ferru- gineo-tomentellum. Pinnze 4-8-jugw ; foliola 12-20-juga, oblongo-falcata, obtusiuscula, . coriacea, nitida, 6-10 lin. longa. Flores minute tomentelli. Calyx ad 3 lin. longa, corolla pollicaris, Staminum tubus longe exsertus, Legumen ignotum.—77. Bras. Mim. | ۱ Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. The three preceding species are all evidently allied to P. adiantifolium, but are all described as tall woody climbers, whilst P. adiantifolium is said to be a loosely branched shrub or small tree; and besides minor differences, they have the staminal tube much longer. Frutescens v. arbo- Jjuge; foliola seepius 10-12-juga, oblique oblonga v. linearia, coriacea, nitida, suhpollicaria. Flores tomentelli. Calyx 4-5 lin. longus, Corolla pollicaris. Staminum tubus corollam breviter superans. Legumen rectum v. valde curvum, semipedale, 1 poll. latum, vix minute tomentellum.— Fl. Bras, Mim. - Inga adiantifolia, Kunth, Mim. 66. t. 21. I. discolor, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1023. Mimosa discolor, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 46. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Guiana, and Venezuela. Pithecolobium Miquelianum, Meissn. in Linnza, xxi. 250, from Surinam, Kegel, n. 1162, would appear from his description to be a rather smaller-flowered variety of this Species, such as occurs amongst Host- mann's specimens. 75. P. KEGELIT, Meissn. in Linnea, xxi. 249? Parce pilosulum. Pinnæ 4-6-jugæ ; foliola 10-18-juga, oblongo-rhombea, subfalcata, 4-1-pollicaria, membranacea, glabra, pallide virentia. Pedunculi axillares, vix 3 lin. longi. Flores sessiles. Calyx tubulosus, 6-7 lin. longus. Corolla pollicaris y. paullo longior, sericeo-pubescens. Staminum P. stipellatum, Bernh. PL, Kappl. exs. | | Hab. Tropical America: Surinam, Kegel, n. 1173, Kappler, Of this I have only seen an imperfect specimen of Kappler’s, agreeing well with Meissner’s character. It has the principal characters of the several foregoing species, especially of P. lindseifolium ; but the leaflets are thin and of a pale-green, not coriaceous and shining, as in the fi receding i i dthe staminal tube much shorter, s oe used j = 76. P. INCURIALE, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 218. n. 1341. Ferrugineo-villosum. -Pinn® En we Se TA CTA Y AI Pithecolobium. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 591 6-10-juge; foliola 15-25-juga, oblique oblongo-linearia, nitidula, ad 3 lin. longa, gla- briuscula v. ciliata. Flores villosi. Calyx 14 lin, corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen rectum v. curvum, tenuissime tomentoso-rugosum, 4-8-pollieare, $-14 poll. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Mimosa incurialis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 24. > Pithecolobium Martianum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 218. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Minas Geraes, Series 4. Parviflore. Legumen planum, rectum v. curvulum, tenuiter coriaceum, inde- ` hiscens v. tardius bivalve. Capitula parva, ad apices ramorum racemoso-paniculata. Flores sessiles, 2 lin. longe v. breviores. 77. P. TRIFLORUM, Benth. Glabrum. Pinne 1-juge ; foliola 3-4-juga, oblique obovali- oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, 6-9 lin. longa. Capitula pedunculata, pauciflora, breviter fasciculato-racemosa v. panieulata. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen ig- notum. Mimosa triflora, Herb. Pav. ! Inga triflora, G. Don! Gen. Syst. 11. 394. . Hab. Tropical America: Guayaquil, Tafalla, Herb. Pav. in Herb. Boiss. Habitus sectionis Unguis-Cati, sed stipule spinescentes omnino desunt. Foliorum petiolus communis raro semipollicaris, pinnarum thaches 1}-pollicares, rigidz. Glandule parve. Foliola a basi pluri- nervia, venosa, subtus rufescentia. Pedunculi breves. Corolla latiuscule campanulata, 4-fida, glabra. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. 78. P. MULTIFLORUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 220. Glabrum v. puberulum. _ Pinnee 1-4-juge; foliola 6-10-juga, oblongo-falcata, subdimidiata, 6-10 lin. longa, costa submarginali. Capitula breviter pedunculata, racemoso-panieulata. Calyx minutus, corolla vix lineam longa. Legumen rectum, planum, maturum ignotum.— Fl. Bras, Mim. Acacia multiflora, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 277. A. subdimidiata, Splitg. Pl. Nov. Surin. 18. i .! Reise, i. 555. ^ = —€ pn omes . Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes and Bahia, North Brazil, Guiana, Columbia, Peru, Central America. Acacia multiflora, Spreng. Syst. iii. 142 (a name c the same species as Kunth's homonym. x ۱ Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. nm. 219. Ferrugineo-tomen- B a Fee و‎ Coa foliola 12-25-juga, falcato-oblonga, 34 lin, lone eis puberula, costa parum excentrica. Capitula pedunculata, nada A 9 4 3 lin., corolla fere 2 lin. longa. Legumen rectum Y. faleatum, toe icare, ad 2 poll. latum, ferrugineo-to entellum, ut videtur indehiscens.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa terminalis, Vell. Fl. de gs t. a Epa 1 ica: Brazil, prov. " Be Dd British en also Bogota, Triana. hanged in his Index to A. polyantha), is most probably Bahia, and Minas Geraes, Eastern Peru, Spruce, n. 4407 ; 80. P. NIOPOIDES, Spruce 1, Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Cano-puberulum, glabrescens. Pings 6-8juge > foliola ad 30-juga, lineari-falcata, 13-2 lin. longa, — nitidula, a H ' VOL. XXX. | 592 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Pithecolobium, costa fere marginali. Capitula pedunculata, racemoso-paniculata. Calyx ¿ lin., corolla llin.longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil. With the foliage of Acacia paniculata, this has precisely the inflorescence and flowers of the two pre- ceding species. 81. P. FRAGRANS, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 220. Glabrum v. minute pube- rulum. Pinne 8-10-juge; foliola 30-40-juga, oblongo-linearia v. lineari-falcata, 2-4 lin. longa, nitidula, subtus pallida, costa excentrica v. submarginali. Capitula pedun- culata, racemoso-paniculata. Calyx 3-2 lin., corolla 11-2 lin. longa. Legumen rectum, planum, haud crassum, 3—4-pollicare, vix 6 lin. latum, indehiscens. Inga fragrans, Macfad.! Fl. Jam. i. 309. Acacia Balbisii, Spreng. ! Syst. iii. 140. A. Berteriana, DC.! Prod. ii. 470. Pithecolobium Berterianum, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 210. : Hab. Tropical America: Jamaica, San Domingo, Bertero, Ehrenberg ; Veraguas, Seemann. Sectio 5. ORTHOLOBIUM. Frutices (rarius arbores?) spinis stipularibus armati. Pinne l- y. plurijuge. Foliola l- y. plurijuga, parva v. rarius polliearia. Pedunculi axillares y. ad apices ramorum breviter racemosi. Flores in capitulo globososessiles. Legumen ubi notum planum, rectum, in valvas membranaceas v. tenuiter coriaceas nec tortas nec elastice revolutas dehiscens. Seminum funiculus haud dilatatus. The species of this section have the fruit approaching that of Albizzia lophantha and A. montana; but — in other respects the section differs more widely than several others from that genus. * Spine stipulares recte. Flores parvi, glabri v. puberuli. 52. P. ALBICANS, Benth. Cano-puberula v. pallens. Pinnz 4—6-jugze ; foliola 12-20- juga, oblique oblongo-linearia, 3—4 lin. longa, puberula. Pedunculi axillares, summi breviter racemosi. Flores glabriusculi. Calyx i lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen glabriusculum, stipitatum, 3-5-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis tenuiter coriaceis. Acacia albicans, Kunth ! Mim. 87. t. 97. Calliandra pallens, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 109. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Campeachy, Humboldt and Bonpland ; Zimapan, Coulter, Berlandier, n. 3147. 89. P. BREVIFOLIUM, Benth. ! in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 67. Puberulum, glabrescens. Pinne 3-5-juge; foliola 10-20-juga, oblongo-linearia, 2-3 lin. longa, subtus pallida. Pedunculi ad apices ramorum racemosi, breves. Flores cano-puberuli. Calyx 4 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen hreviter stipitatum, ad 3 poll. longum, 6 lin. latum, valvis submembranaceis. Acacia Neuciana, Buckl. in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 453 ex A. Gr. Hab. Tropical and subtropical North America : Mexicano-Texan ab. ] region, Wislizenus, Berlandier, Emory’s Expedition, n. 331. ` Pithecolobium.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 593 ** Spine reeurve v. crasso-conice. Flores angusti, longiusculi. Corolla sericeo-pilosa. 84. P. PREHENSILE, Benth. Glabra, procumbens. Spine recurve. Folia minima. Pinnz 1-juge; foliola 1-juga, obtusa, coriacea, vix linea longiora. Capitula sessilia, 2-3-flora. Calyx glabriusculus, 3-31 lin., corolla sericeo-pilosa, 7-8 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen 11-21-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum, valvis membranaceis, nervo marginatis. Calliandra prehensilis, Wright! in Sauv. Fl. Cub. 35. Hab. Tropical America: Cuba, Wright. With the aspect of Calliandra colletioides and Pithecolobium hystrix, this is at once known by the recurved stipular spines and the flowers. Wright and Sauvalle placed it in Calliandra, on account of the “straight flat pod ; but this pod has neither the contracted base nor the elastically revolute dehiscence cha- racteristic of that genus. 85. P. SERICIFLORUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 105. Glabrum, corolla ex- cepta. Spine recurve. Pinne 2-juge ; foliola 2-juga, oblique obovata v. elliptica, ¿-1- pollicaria. Capitula pedunculata, pauciflora. Calyx glaber, 4-43 lin. longa. Corolla dense sericeo-pilosa, 7 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longeexsertus. Legumen semipedale, 14 poll. latum, valvis membranaceis. Acacia platyloba, Spreng.! Syst. iii. 144; DC.! Prod. ii. 472. Hab. Tropical America: Santa Marta, Bertero ; Venezuela, Funcke, n. 536. Funcke's specimens are in flower only, and Bertero's in fruit only ; but I have but little doubt that both belong to the same species, remarkable for its foliage, that of some species of Unguis-cati, its long flowers closely resembling those of the preceding and following species, and its large pod very much like that of some varieties of Albizzia Lebbek. 86. P. ACATLENSE, Benth. in herb. plur. Pubescens. Spine breves, conice v. recurve. Pinne 2—4-jugee ; foliola 8-12-juga, oblonga, acuta, ad 2 lin. longa, pubescentia. Capitula subsessilia, pauciflora. Calyx 4 lin. longus, laxe pubescens. Corolla albo-villosa, ad 7 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Acatlan, in the Pueblo district, Andrieur, n. 395. Ramuli crassi, demum glabrati, nigricantes. Folia et flores breviter ad nodos vetustos conferti. Petiolus communis tenuis, subsemipollicaris, pubescens. Glandule parve. Pinnz semipollicares v. paullo lon- giores. Foliola rigidula, sub pube venulosa. Flores in capitulo 4-8, sessiles. Calyx ut in binis przecedenti- bus siccus, tenuiter striatus, irregulariter dentatus. Corolla P. sericiflori angusta, densé villosa. Sectio 6. CAULANTHON. Inermes. Pinne 1- v. rarius 2- v. paucijuge. Foliola 1- v. paucijuga, ampla (excepto P. clavifloro). Flores sepius tenues, capitulis ۲, spicis ad nodos ramorum defoliatorum breviter pedunculatis fasciculatis. * Pime 1-juge, petiolo communi brevissimo. Flores spicati. 87. P. MACROPHYLLUM, Spruce !, sp. n. Glabrum. Foliola 2-5-juga, ovali-elliptica, 1—1-pedalia, addito sepius minore ad basin r acheos. Spice — interruptee. Flores glabri. Calyx 1-1} lin., corolla ad 6 lin. longa. S um tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Tarapoto in Eastern Peru, Spruce. e 594 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Pithecolobium. <“ Frutex volubilis robustus." Foliorum petiolus communis brevissimus, crassus. Pinnarum rhaches 6-10-pollicares. Glandule depresse. Foliola breviter et acute acuminata, ima basi inzequilatera et in petiolulum 2-3-linearem crassum contracta, chartacea, lete virentia, pennivenia, venis primariis paucis subtus prominulis et reticulato-venosa. Spicz cum floribus * undique rubre.” Flores solitarii v. gemini sessilesque, secus rhachin spicze dissiti, inferiores a basi 1-13 poll. distantes. Staminum tubus tenuis, corolla duplo longior ; filamenta ultra 20, parte libera 8-9 lin. longa. 88. P. coccınzum, Benth. Glabrum. Foliola 3-5-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, 4-6- pollicaria, addito minore ad basin rhacheos. Spice semipedales longioresque, inter- ruptee. Flores glabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus v. vix exsertus. Legumen immaturum tomentellum, stipitatum, jam semipedale, 6 lin. latum. | Mimosa coccinea v. M. punicea, Pavon (Herb. Boiss. et Oxon.). Inga coccinea, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 390. Hab. Tropical America: Muna in Peru, Ruiz and Pavon. Foliorum petiolus communis subsemipollicaris, pinnarum rhaches semipedales. Glandulx parva v. 0. Foliola subcoriacea, ois antis venulosa. Spice P. macrophylli, sed flores multo minores staminum tubo abbreviato. 89. P. SELLOI, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 214. Glabrum. Foliola 1-3-juga, oblonga v. ovato-lanceolata, 23—4-polliearia, addito seepius minore prope basin rhacheos. . Spies 1-13-pollicares, dense, breviter pedunculate. Flores glabri. Calyx 4 lin., corolla 6 lin. longa. Legumen minute puberulum, breviter stipitatum, semipedale, 1 poll. latum. — Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: Brazil, probably southern, Sello. 90. P. SANGUINEUM, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Glabrum. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovali- elliptica, coriacea, nitidula, majora 4-polliearia, addito minore prope basin rhacheos. Spice 1-13-pollicares, densze, breviter pedunculate. Calyx 11-2 lin., corolla fere 5 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Inga sanguinea, Burch. MSS. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo. 91. P. VAHLIANUM, Benth. Glabrum. Foliola 1-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, 3-5-pollicaria, addito ssepius tertio minore prope basin rhacheos. Spies densiflore, rhache eum pedunculo brevissimo 4-1-pollicari. Flores tenues, glabri. Calyx 1 lin, corolla vix 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, ¿ poll. latum. Mimosa ligustrina, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 34. t. 27, non Jacq. Inga Vahliana, DC. Prod. ii. 438. Pithecolobium ligustrinum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 913. Inga falciformis, DC.! Prod. ii. 438. I. longifolia, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. iv. 1010. Mimosa longifolia, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 59. Hab. Tropical America: Santa Marta, v. Rohr., Bertero : ; in the یت‎ distriet, Humboldt and Bonpland. 92. P. COGNATUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 107. Glabrum, foliis et inflores- : centia omnino P. Vahliani, sed calyx vix $ lin. longa. Corolla tenuis, 3 lin. longa. Pithecolobium. | . MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 595 Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen curvum v. undulatum, j-l-pedale, ? poll. latum. . Inga cognala, Schlecht. in Linnza, xii. 560. Pithecolobium glomeratum, var. spicatum, Seem. ! Bot. Her. 116. Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, hot region, Schiede and Deppe ; Costa Rica, GZrsted ; Panama, Seemann, Sutton Hayes. ** Pinne unijuge, petiolo communi brevissimo. Flores capitati. - 98. P. UNIFOLIOLATUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 212. Glabrum. Foliola in quaque pinna solitaria (in folio 2), ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, majora 4-9-pollicaria., Capitula brevissime peduneulata. Calyx minutus. Corolla 3-4 lin. longa. . Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. ` Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 94. P. DIVARICATUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 213. Glabriusculum. Foliola 1-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, 4-8-pollicaria, addito rarius tertio inferiore minore. Capitula pedunculata. Calyx lineam, corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen sspe pedale, arcuatum, 7-10 lin. latum, valvis coriaceis planis v. demum subtortis.-- Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil and Mattogrosso. 95. P. GLOMERATUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 213. Glabrum. Foliola 1-2- juga, ovata v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, 3—4-polliearia, paris inferioris dum adsit opposita, addito interdum inferiore minore. Capitula sessilia v. brevissime pedunculata. Calyx minutus; corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen arcuatum v. circinatum, pollicem v. quod excedit latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. ; Mig. Stirp. Surin. t. l. Inga glomerata, DC. Prod. ii. 438. I. cataracte, H., B. et K. ! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 297. Pithecolobium cataracte, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 213. Inga ramiflora, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 392. Mimosa glomerata, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 43 (male). Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Guiana, and Venezuela. ` 96. P. LATIFOLIUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 214. Glabrum. Foliola ssepius 2-juga, ovata v. ovato-oblonga, acuminata, majora 3-6-pollicaria, paris inferioris minora alterna, addito seepe quinto inferiore minore. Capitula laxiflora, subsessilia v. breviter pedunculata. Calyx minutus. Corolla 3-84 lin. longa. Legumen arcuatum, ssepe pedale, pollicem latum.—Zl. Bras. Mim. : — Mimosa latifolia, Linn. Spec. 1499, ad Plum. Ic. t. 9. Inga latifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1020. Calliandra latifolia, Griseb.! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 225. Pithecolobium roseum, Spruce, Pl. Exs. ygi . t. 22. f. ۰ ET LL . North Brazil, Surinam, British Guiana, St. Vincent s, Jamaica, Panama. | 97. P. CAULIFLORUM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 116. Glabrum v. puberulum. Stipulee deciduze v. obsolete. Foliola 1-3-juga, ovali-oblonga, obtusa v, obtuse acuminata, majora 596 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJE. - [ Pithecolobium.. 3-4-pollicaria, parium inferiorum opposita minora, addito ssepius minore inferiore. Ca- pitula parva, breviter pedunculata. Calyx minutus; corolla 3-33 lin. longa. Legumen arcuatum, 3-8-pollicare, ad 6 lin. latum.—Z7. Bras. Mim. Inga cauliflora, Willd. Spec. iv. 1021. Mimosa cauliflora, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 45. Pithecolobium glabratum, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 116, forma glabrior. Pithecolobium lasiopus, Benth: ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 141; Lond. Journ. iii. 214, forma puberula. Inga ramiflora, Steud. in Flora, 1843, 759. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, North Brazil, Surinam, Cayenne, British Guiana. ۱ 98. P. srIPULARE, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberulum. Stipule acuta, induratz, persistentes. Foliola 1-2-juga, ovata v. elliptica, 2-3-pollicaria, addito ssepius inferiore minore. Capitula sessilia v. brevissime pedunculata. Calyx minutus, corolla 3-31 lin. longa. Legumen 4-pollicare, ad 7 lin. latum.—77. Bras. Mim. P. cauliflorum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 214, excl. synon. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana. 99. P. INZQUALE, Benth. Glabrum v. pilosulum. Foliola 2-3-juga, oblongo-elliptica v. subovato-lanceolata, majora 3—4-polliearia, addito ssepius inferiore minore. Capitula paueiflora, breviter peduneulata. Calyx 14 lin. longus, corolla ad 3 lin. Legumen arcuatum v. circinatum, 8-9 lin. latum.— 77. Bras. Mim. - | Inga inequalis, Humb. et Bonpl.! in Willd. Spec. ii. 1019. Mimosa inequalis, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 44. Hab. 'Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, and Venezuela. I had already, when seeing the single leaf preserved in the Paris herbarium, and described as simply pinnate, suspected that it was one only of the two pinne of a more compound leaf ; and this view is now confirmed by the inspection of Willdenow's specimen, in which the very short common petiole remains attached, and shows the scar of the corresponding opposite pinna. . 100. P. AMPLUM, Spruce !, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberulum, foliola 3-4- juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, majora 9-10-pollicaria, addito inferiore minore. Capitula brevissime pedunculata. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. . Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil. *** Pinne petiolo evoluto 2- v. plurijuge. Flores Jasciculati v. breviter spicati. 101. P. RAMIFLORUM, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii, 215. Glabrum v. tenuiter puberulum. .Pinne 2-juge; foliola superiorum 5-7-juga, oblique oblongo-rhombea, coriacea, nitida, ultima 3-pollicaria, inferiora gradatim minora. Spicze breves, subsessiles. Calyx linea brevior. Corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Inga ramiflora, Bong. MSS. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil. 102. P. CLAVIFLORUM, Spruce!, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-villosulum. Pinne 4-6-juge ; foliola 10-45-juga, faleato-oblonga, membranacea, pallida, 6-9 lin. longa. Florum fasciculi sessiles. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 2-21 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. E Hab. 'Tropical America: North Brazil. Pithecolobium.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 597 Sectio 7. CHLOROLEUCON. Spine hinc inde axillares, solitarie v. geminæ. Pinnz 2- v. plurijuge. Foliola 5- v. multijuga, parvula. Capitula axillaria, pedunculata. Flores sessiles, tenues, glabri. Legumen planum, coriaceum v. subcarnosum, rectum v. curvum, vix dehiscens. 103. P. TORTUM, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 114. Glabrum v. pubescens. Pinnw 2-5- jugee; foliola 5-9-juga, oblique oblonga, 3-5 lin. longa. Calyx vix lineam longus, corolla 21-3 lin. longa. Legumen arcuatum v. fere circinatum, semipedale, 6-8 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. | Pithecolobium tortum et P. Vincentis, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 222. Acacia Vincentis, Griseb.! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 222. Acacia lentiscifolia, A. Rich.! Fl. Cub. 469; Griseb.! Cat. Pl. Cub. 82, foliolis rigidioribus. Var. undique pubescens. Pithecolobium tenuiflorum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 222. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Bahia, Para, etc. Guiana, Columbia, and West Indies, and a variety with rather fewer and longer leaflets in Bolivia, D’Orbigny. 104. P. pumosum, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 223. Ferrugineo-pubescens v. tomentosum. Pinn® 3-4-juge; foliola 9-16-juga, oblique oblonga, 2-4 lin. longa. Calyx vix lineam longus. Corolla 21-3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. Very closely allied to the pubescent variety of P. tortum, 105. P. Marnewst, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 222, Pubescens. Pinn:e 5-8- jugse ; foliola 15-20-juga, oblique oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa. . Calyx 1-13 lin., corolla 3-34 “lin. longa. Legumen rectum v. arcuatum, semipedale v. longius, demum crassum, sub- carnosum, 3-4 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, Mozabamba, Mathews; Tarapoto, Spruce n. 4185. 106. P. Grazrovt, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberulum. Pinne 4-B-jugie ; foliola 20-30-juga, oblique linearia, 3-4 lin. longa. Calyx 1 lin., corolla 3-34 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. : The specimens seen are entirely without spines, but the inflorescence and flowers entirely those of the section, and the spines may very probably be formed in other specimens. 107. P. PARVIFOLIUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 223. Puberulum. Pinne 5-10-jugæ; foliola 10-30-juga, linearia, 14-2 lin. longa. Calyx fere 1 lin., corolla vix 2 lineis longior. Legumen faleatum, crassum, durum, pluripollicare, 5-6 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa mangensis, Jacq.! Stirp. Amer. 267. | Mimosa parvifolia, Sw.! Fl. Ind. Occid. ii. 984. non Poir. Acacia parvifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1086. Mimosa antillarum, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 80. 598 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE | Pithecolobium. Acacia micrantha, Desv.! in Ham. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occid. 60, altered to icrocantha, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814, 1. 69. `, Inga Marthe, spekk. ! in DC. Prod. ii. 441. ۱ Calliandra Spruceana, Benth. Pl. Spruce, exs. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, Columbia, Central erica, West Indies. 108. P. FOLIOLOSUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 223. Glabrum v. puberulum. Pinne 7-8--juge ; foliola 20-50-juga, oblonga v. linearia, ad lineam longa, imbricata, obtusa. Calyx 2 lin., corolla ad 2 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Bahia and Pernambuco. XXV. ENTEROLOBIUM, Mart. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. 1. 598. The genus only differs from Pithecolobium in the fruit, and might well be added to it as a section. 1. E. ELLIPTICUM, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ii. 224. Subglabrum. Pinn:we 1-2- rarius 3-jugee ; foliola 4-6-juga, oblongo- v. ovali-elliptica, obtusa, coriacea, venosa, 1-13-pollicaria, costa subcentrali. Legumen tomento tenuissimo canescens, 21-3 poll. diametro.—77. Bras. Mim. Pithecolobium gummiferum, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 116. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, Bahia, and Pernambuco. 2. E. TIMBOUVA, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 128. Pubescens v. glabrum. Pinnæ 2-5- jugæ; foliola 10-20-juga, falcato-oblonga, 6-9 lin. longa, costa submarginali. Legumen opacum, vix 3 poll. diametro.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa contortisiliqua, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 25. Enterolobium glaucescens, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Var, CANESCENS, foliolis fere pollicem longis. E. Tamboril, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, Ceara, Minas Geraes, and southward on the Uruguay, Tweedie. 3. E. CYCLOCARPUM, Griseb.! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 226. Subglabrum. Pinne 4-9- jug: ; foliola 20—30-juga, falcato-oblonga, 4-6 lin. longa, costa submarginali. Legumen glaberrimum, nitidum, 4 poll. diametro. Mimosa cyclocarpa, Jacq. Fragm. 30, t. 34. f. 1. Inga cyclocarpa, Willd. Spec. iv. 1026. Pithecolobium cyclocarpum, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 115. | Hab. Tropical America: Venezuela, New Granada, Central America, West Indies. Prosopis dubia, H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 309, of which Kunth saw a single leaf only, is pro- bably, from the description of the fruit taken from Bonpland's notes, the E. cyclocarpum. 4. E. MoNzorro, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 117. Pinnæ ne: ; foliola multijuga, parva, ovata, imbricata. Legumen ad 2 poll. diametro. Mimosa Monjollo, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 26. Enterolobium. ) MR. G- BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEÆ. 599 Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro? Known to me only through Vellozo's figure. i 5. E. SCHOMBURGKIT, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Pinnæ 10-20-jugz ; foliola 50-60-juga, lineari-falcata, 1-2 lin. longa. Legumen opacum, ad 2 poll. diametro. Pithecolobium Schomburgkii, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 219. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, North Brazil, Cayenne, Central America. XXVI. SERIANTHES, Benth. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 599. . . l1. 8. GRANDIFLORA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iii. 225, pro parte. Pinne 4-8- jugæ; foliola 8-15-juga, falcato-oblonga, obtusa, basi sursum dilatata, $-1-pollicaria, tenuia, supra nitentia, subtus pallida, glabra, venis tenuibus. Spice interruptw, 4-6- flore. Flores breviter pedicellati, dense tomentoso-villosi. Calyx semipollicaris. Co- rolla pollicaris v. paullo longior. Legumen lignosum, semipedale, 2 poll. latum, erebre et obscure transverse venosum. Inga grandiflora, Wall.! Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5285. Hab. Tropical Asia: Malacca, Griffith, Maingay ; Philippine islands, Cuming, n. 1592. 2. S. VITIENSIS, A. Gray! Bot. Amer. Expl. Exped. i. 485. Pinnw 6-8-juge; foliola 10-16-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusissima v. retusa, basi sursum dilatata, subsemipolli- caria, supra nitida, subtus pallida, costa parum prominula. Flores ignoti. Legumen semipedale, 2 poll. latum, venis paucis valde elevatis a margine superiore subtransversis ramosis. Hab. Feejee islands. 3. S. MYRIADENA, Planch.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 108. Pinnæ 6-8-juge ; foliola 10-20-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, 4-9 lin. longa, supra nigricantia, subtus pallida, puberula v. glabrata, costa prominula. Flores ad apicem pedunculi semipollicaris 2-4, sessiles. Calyx 3-4 lin., corolla 9-12 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 2 poll. latum, "uie eto, demum glabratum, crebre et obscure transverse venosum.— 4. Gray! Bot. Amer. Expl. Exped. i. 485. inan Acacia myriadena, Guillem.! Zeph. Tait. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, vii. 359. Hab. Islands of the Pacific from New Caledonia to Otaheiti. 4. S. TENUIFLORA, Benth., sp. n. Pinnæ 10-12-jug®; foliola 15-20-juga, oblique v. subfaleato-oblonga, obtusa, subsemipollicaria, opaca, subtus pu eS E puberula. Flores ad apicem peduneuli 3-3-pollicaris. breviter pedicellati, subdissiti. Calyx 14 lin. corolla 9-10 lin. longa, quam in ceteris speciebus tenuior. Legumen g . d Pacific islands, Cunningham ” in Herb. Hooker. : I do not know the history of this specimen. Allan Cunningham never visited the Pacific islands. RER Folia S. myriadene, nisi pinnæ numerosiores. Inflorescentia et flores valde — من‎ y : , ad apicem pedunchli communis 3-4-pollicaris corymbosi. Flores in quoque pedunculo m cellis crassiusculis 1 lin. longis fulti, tomento brevi canescentes. VOL. XXX. 4I 600 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE Mi . [Serianthes. tusa, parum obliqua, subsemipollicaria, opaca, utginque pubescentia, ' ubtus canescentia, costa rufa valde prominente. Flores ad apicem pedunculi sessiles, dissi A. Calyx amplus, . 8-9 lin. longus; corolla vix pollice longior. Legumen arcuatum, semipe latum, rufo-tomentosum. Hab. New Caledonia, Vieillard, n. 419, Deplanche, n. 344. Calyx amplus S. grandiflore, et flores pariter interrupte etsi breviter spicati, sed sessiles v. subsessiles et eorolla proportione multo brevior. Folia valde diversa, fere S. vitiensis, at foliola vix obliqua. Le- gumen quam in omnibus ceteris speciebus longius et multo angustius. ۰ XXVII. ARCHIDENDRON, F. Muell. Benth et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 1004. 1. A. VAILLANTII, F. Muell. ! Fragm. v. 60. Glabrum. Pinnæ 1-juge; foliola 3-4-juga, oblique ovata, subsemipedalia, utrinque viridia, pennivenia et reticulato-venosissima, addito minore prope basin rhacheos. Flores in capitulo subsessiles. Calyx ad 4 lin. longus, crassus, tomentellus. Corolla pollice paullo longior, sericeo-tomentosa. Legumen 2-5-pollicare, 6-10 lin. latum, tortuosum, margine interiore incrassato, exteriore irregu- . lariter crenato. : Pithecolobium v. Albizzia Vaillantii, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 9. Hab. East tropical Australia, Rockingham Bay, Da/lachy ; and probably the same spe- | species, a single leaf, Endeavour river, 4. Cunningham. 2. A. Lucy1, F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 201. Glabrum. Pinnse 2-juge ; foliola 2-3-juga, oblique v. orbiculari-ovata, 3-6-pollicaria, utrinque nitidula, reticulato-venosissima. Flores pedicellati, glabri. Calyx 2 lin., corolla ad pollicem longa. Legumen lignescenti-coria- ceum, margine exteriore profunde lobatum. Pithecolobium Lucyi, F. Muell. 1. c. Hab. East tropical Australia: Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. I have not seen this species, but take the above characters from F. Mueller's detailed description. XXVIII. Inca, Willd. Willd. Spec. iv. 1004, quoad species simpliciter pinnatas; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 599. The following sections, although founded chiefly on the arrangement and indumentum of the flowers, are pretty fairly distinct, except perhaps the last two, which are as yet much confused, owing to the number of species in which the pod is unknown :— : Sect. 1. Lerrınsa. Flores glabri v. tomentelli, in receptaculo brevissimo distincte pedicellati, capitulum seu potius umbellam globosam formantes. Species 1-16. Sect. 2. Dıapzma. Flores glabri, in receptaculo brevissimo sessiles v. brevissime a capitulum globosum formantes. Species 17-31. Sect. 3. Bourconia. Flores glabri, parvi, secus rhachin linearem spicati. Calyx minimus. Species. 3243. Sect. 4. PsrupiNGa. Flores secus rhachin linearem spicati v. capitati. Corolla sericea v. rarius glabra, calyce evoluto. Leguminis margines nudi v. elevati, nec lateraliter dilatati. Species 44-118. ۰ Series 1. Glabriflore. Corolle glabre, in sequentibus sericez v. villosze. Species 44—47. dale, pollicem - = ESS NE pM RECENTE rsa mM ey Inga.] | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 601 Series 2. Gymnopode, Petiolus ssepius nudus. Flores tenues, pollice breviores. Bractew caducissime. Species 48—65. Series 3. Pilosiuscule. Petiolus sepius alatus. Flores tenues, pollice breviores. Bractes caducissime. Species 66-80. Series 4. Leptanthe. Petiolusalatus. Flores tenues, pollice breviores. Bractex persistentes. Species 81-86. Series 5. Longiflore. Petiolus alatus. Flores pollice longiores. Bractee caducissime v. minime. Species 87-93. Series 6. Calocephale. Petiolus alatus v. nudus. Flores pollice longiores. Bractese persistentes. Foliola ampla. Species 94-104. | Series 7. Vulpine. Hirsutissime. Petiolus alatus v. nudus. Glandule stipitate. Bractew caduce. Species 105-116. | Series 8. Dysanthe. Flores fere Euinge, pilis crispis hirsutissimi. Legumen Vulpinarum. Species 117, 118. Sect 5. Evınaa. Flores secus rhachin linearem spicati, sepius latiores quam in Pseudinga. Corolla sericeo-villosa. Leguminis tomentosi margines valde dilatati, plurisulcati. Species 119-140. Sectio 1. LEPTINGA. Flores seepius parvi, glabri leviter tomentosi v. rarius tomentoso- villosi, in receptaculo minimo v. subgloboso umbellato-capitati, pedicellis calyce longio- ribus v. rarius calyce ampliore brevioribus. * Pedicelli calyce multo longiores. Petiolus late alatus. Flores tomentelli. ` 1 L MYRIANTHA, Papp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 77, t. 289. Tomentella. Petiolus late alatus; foliola 2-juga, elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, majora 5-pollicaria, slabra. Flores tomentelli. Pedicelli 1-i-pollicares. Calyx 1j lin., corolla fere 5 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. ! in Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, British Guiana, Eastern Peru, Peppig, Mathews, n. 159. I. umpratica, Papp. et Endl. ! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 77. Tomentoso-puberula.‏ و Ramuli angulosi. Petiolus interrupte alatus ; foliola 1-2-juga, ovali-oblonga vy. sn E‏ ` subsessiles v. brevissime Le vs 2‏ یت majora 8-pollicaria. Glandule maxime.‏ Flores tomentelli. Pedicelli 34 lin. longi. Calyx linea paullo longior, ue " in.‏ longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen * rectum, planum, glabrum.‏ Hab. Tropical America : Eastern Peru, Peppy. 3. I. BREVIPES, Benth. 7 in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 144; Lond. Tn iv, on Pullis Petiolus late alatus; foliola 2-juga, ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, —— " ren, molliter pubescentia. Umbellæ brevissime pedunculatee. Flores anm Pedicelli 23 lin., calyx fere 2 lin., corolla fere 4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum. .— Hab. Tropical America : | ION, Steud.! in Flora, 1843, i oblonga, breviter acuminata, coriacea, British Guiana, Schomburgk. ۱ 458. Subglabra. Petiolus alatus; foliola 2- uli nitida, majora semipedalia. Umbell» 412 juga, ovata v. 602 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. / [ Inga. brevissime pedunculate. Flores tomentelli. Pedicelli 3-4 lin., 9 mx vix 1 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Sagot, n. 959, Surinam, Hosimann, n. 170. This may prove to be a variety only of I. myriantha. ** Petiolus sepius anguste alatus. Pedicelli calyce longiores. Flores glabri. 5. I. PANURENSIS, Spruce!, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Petiolus vix alatus; foliola uni- rarissime 2-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, majora 4-5-pollicaria, nitida. Umbelle pedunculate. Pedicelli ad 3 lin. longi. Calyx linea brevior. Corolla 3lin.longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen planum, glabrum, 6-9 lin. latum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 6. I. UMBELLIFERA, Steud. ex DC. Prod. ii. 432. Glabra v. tomentella. Petiolus breviter et anguste alatus; foliola 2-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, majora 3-4-pollicaria, nitida. Umbellæ longe pedunculate. Pedicelli 6-9 lin., calyx vix 1 lin., corolla 4-5 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen glabrescens, sessile, planum, 9 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa umbellifera, Vahl ! Ecl. iii. 30. Inga rutilans, Spruce! Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Cayenne, British Guiana. 7. Y. LATERIFLORA, Mig.! in Linnea, xix. 131. Glabra. Petiolus marginatus v. anguste alatus; foliola 2-3-juga, ovato-lanceolata v. oblonga, acuminata, nitida, majora 2-3-pollicaria. Umbelle parvee, secus ramos confertee, breviter pedunculata. Pedicelli 1-13 lin., calyx 2 lin., corolla vix 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legu- men breviter stipitatum, semipedale, ad 6 lin. latum, glabrum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. parviflora, Spruce, Pl. Exs. : Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam. 8. I. VIRGULTOSA, Desv. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ix. 426. Glabra v. minute tomentella. Petiolus marginatus v. anguste alatus; foliola 3-6-juga, lanceolata, acuminata, nitida, majora 2-23-pollicaria. Umbellæ breviter pedunculat;. Pedicelli 3-4 lin., calyx 3 lin., corolla 23-3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen glabrum, semi- pedale, ad 6 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa virgultosa, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 32. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Cayenne. *** Petiolus nudus v. subnudus. | Pedicelli calyce longiores. Flores glabri (excepta 1. quaternata). 9. I. HETEROPHYLLA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1020. Glabra. Petiolus nudus v. brevissime marginatus; foliola 1-2- rarius 3-4-juga, ovato-oblonga v. sublanceolata, acuminata, nitida, majora 2—3-pollicaria. Umbellæ breviter pedunculatee. Flores glabri. Pedicelli 2-3 lin., calyx i-i lin., corolla 21-3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longiuscule exsertus. Legumen breviter stipitatum, 3-5-pollicare, 6-7 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Qe, x 7 T3 ANS E MC C MINE CE at à A و‎ EQUES near N e SIRE RENS RT cres esM eter: Mp مد‎ a) DET SN TUNE Inga. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 603 Mimosa Pare, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 44. Inga umbellata, G. Don ! Gen. Syst. ii. 391. I. protracta, Steud.! in Flora, 1843, 758. I. stenocarpa et I. vouapefolia, Spruce! Pl. Exs. — i Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, West Indies, New Granada, Peru, and apparently also Coroico in Bolivia, Pearce. TOP . 10. I. SERTULIFERA, DO. ! Prod. ii. 436. Glabra v. ferrugineo-tomentella. Petiolus teres v. brevissime subalatus; foliola sub-2-juga, ovata v. ovato-oblonga, breviter acumi- nata, coriacea, nitida, majora semipedalia. Umbellee pedunculate. Flores glabri. Pedicelli 4-6 lin., calyx 1-14 lin., corolla 33—4lin.longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen sessile, 3—4-pollicare, 1 poll. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. ۱ Mimosa coriacea, Pers. Syn. ii. 262. Inga coriacea, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814. 71, Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Surinam, Cayenne, British Guiana. Var. LEPTOPUS, pedicellis duplo longioribus. I. leptopus, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 580. Hab. Eastern Peru, Peppig, Mathews, n. 1592. 11. I. FLAGELLIFORMIS, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 112. Glabra. Stipuls falcato-ovatw. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-5-juga, oblongo-elliptica, coriacea, nitida, 4-6-pollicaria. Umbell: longe pedunculatee. Flores glabri. Pedicelli semipollicares. Calyx ad 2 lin., corolla 3-4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa flagelliformis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 27. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, 19 I. GRACILIFLORA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 582. Glabriuscula. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-juga, oblongo-elliptica, subsemipedalia. Umbellee laterales, parvæ, brevissime pedunculatæ. Flores glabri. Pedicelli 2-3 lin., calyx vix y lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : British Guiana. | Papp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 79. Tomentoso-lanata v. glabrescens. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-4-juga, elliptico-oblonga, demum glabra v. ad | venas puberula, 4-8-pollicaria. Umbellse longiuscule pedunculatee. Flores tomentoso- villosi. Pedicelli 3-6 lin., calyx 23 lin., corolla fere 5 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix m.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. exsertus. Legumen ignotu ; | Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, New Granada, Ocaña, Schlim. n. 204. and Minas Geraes. 13. I. QUATERNATA, ###%# Petiolus nudus v. anguste alatus. Pedicelli breves. Flores glabri. 14. I. LALLENSIS, Spruce !, sp. n. Minute puberula v. glabrescens. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-4.juga, obovali-oblonga v. elliptica, acuminata, majora semipedalia. U mbellw longe pedunculate. Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Calyx lineam, corolla 3-34 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: woods about Lalla, Eastern Peru, Spruce. 604 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. [ Inga, Arbor 18-pedalis, ramosa, pluribus notis J. flagelliformi affinis, sed stipulis parvis, foliis non nitidis et pedicellis brevibus facile distincta. Glandule parve. Pedunculi 3~5-pollicares. Staminum tubus vix corollam excedens. 15. I. SELLOANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 583. Glabra. Petiolus nudus v. anguste alatus. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovali-oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, nitida, majora 2-33-pollicaria. Umbellz longiuscule pedunculatee. Pedicelli 1-12 lin., calyx vix 4 lin., corolla 23-3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Staminum tubus variare videtur corolla brevior v. longior. 16. I. corDISTIPULA, Mart. ۲ Herb. Fl. Bras. 111. Glabra. Stipule foliaceze, late, subsemipollicares. Petiolus nudus v. anguste alatus; foliola 1-3-juga, oblonga v. sub- lanceolata, nitida, majora 2—4-pollicaria. Umbellee longiuscule pedunculatee. Pedicelli 1-3 lin., calyx amplus, 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla calyce paullo longior. Legumen sessile, ' 8-10-pollieare, pollicem latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa plana, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t..10. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil prov. Rio Janeiro. The full calyx of this species can only be compared with those of I. bullata and I. campanulata. (The pedicels in 7. heterophylla are sometimes as short as in the species of the present group; and in the section Diadema the pedicels are sometimes very shortly developed in some of the glabrous species.) ‘ Sectio 2. Dianema. Flores glabri v. parce puberuli, seepius parvuli v. tenues, in recep- taculo minimo v. subgloboso capitati, sessiles v. rarius breviter pedicellati. Foliorum petiolus nudus v. rarius angustissime marginatus. Glandule parve v. obsolete. Pedunculi szepius longi, axillares. * Petiolus supra canaliculatus, inter juga marginatus v. angustissime alatus. Foliola sessilia. Species Brasilienses. 17. I. LENTISCIFOLIA, Benth.! im Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 592. Glabra. Petiolus marginatus ; foliola 2-3-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, obtusa v. emarginata, coriacea, nitida, 1-1i-polliearia. Pedunculi erecti. Calyx 14 lin., corolla 33 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America: South Brazil, Sello. ' 18. I. DIADEMA, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 114. Petiolus nudus v. anguste alatus. Foliola 4—5-juga, elliptico-oblonga, utrinque angustata. Pedunculi longissimi, tenues penduli. Mimosa diadema, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 45. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. This is only known from Vellozo's rude figure, from which it would appear to be nearly allied to 1. nutans, but with leaves at least twice as large and the peduncle 7 or 8 inches long. The head of flowers is figured as a mass of filaments without distinction of calyx, corolla, and stamens. Some specimens from Tarapoto, Spruce, n. 4565, come very near to 7. diadema pos > in fruit only, and cannot be safely determined. The pod is m. wide, as to foliage and peduncles, shortly stipitate, 8 in. long and | | ۱ ۱ Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 605 19. I. NUTANS, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 114, Glabra. Petiolus anguste marginatus v nudus ; foliola 4-7-juga, ovali-oblonga, obtusa v. mucronulata, nitidula, majora siio: licaria. Pedunculi longi, tenues, penduli. Flores in capitulo pauci, brevissime ۷ ۴ Calyx vix 4 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen longe stipi- tatum, semipedale v. longius, ? poll. latum,— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa nutans, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. ix. t. 44, floribus pessime delineatis. Mimosa tenuis, Vell. 1. c. t. 11, fructifer. Inga tenuis, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 114. 20. 1. SCHINIFOLIA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 584. Glabra. Petiolus angus- tissime marginatus v. nudus; foliola 8-12-juga, oblongo-rhombea, subfalcata, pleraque vix semipollieem excedentia, nitida. Pedunculi tenues, penduli. Flores in capitulo sessiles, ultra 20. Calyx ài lin., corolla 4 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. ** Petiolus teres, nudus. Foliola arcte sessilia. Species Ceutro- Americane v. Columbiane. 21. I. TUBULIFERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 584. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola 6-8-juga, oblique oblonga v. lanceolato-ovata, majora 2-23-pollicaria. Capitula densa, longe pedunculata. Calyx pubescens, j lin. longus. Corolla glabra, 4 lin. longa, tenuis. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: West coast of Columbia, Barclay ; Panama, Cuming, n. 1282, Veraguas, Seemann. 92. I. RUFESCENS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 585. Ferrugineo-villosa. Foliola 4-5-juga, obovali-oblonga, basi oblique subcordata, majora 2-3-pollicaria, mem- branacea. Capitula densa, longe pedunculata. Flores in speeiminibus nondum perfecte evoluti. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: West coast of Columbia, Veraguas, Hinds. This is evidently near J. tubulifera, but more villous, the leaflets fewer and larger, the veins more con- the peduncles more slender, the bracts more prominent. The species may, spicuous on the upper surface, ns with the flowers further advanced. however, require confirmation from specime h.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 585. Ferrugineo-tomentella. v. oblongo-elliptica, basi breviter cuneata, 2-4-pollicaria, longe pedunculata. Calyx puberulus, vix 1} lin. Jongus. 23. I. GLOBULIFERA, Bent Foliola sub-4-juga, obovali- membranacea. Capitula densa, Corolla glabra, 33 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Western Columbia, Veraguas, Barclay ; Panama, Sutton Hayes, Seemann. | 24. I. BILLBERGIANA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 585. Ferrugineo-pubescens ; foliola 2-juga, ovali-elliptica, basi breviter cuneata, 3-4-pollicaria. Capitula densa, longe pedunculata. Flores subglobosi, iis J. globulifere similes, sed in speciminibus suppeten- tibus nondum bene evoluti. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Porto Bello, Billberg (Horb. Berol.) 606 MR. G. BENTHAM ON’ THE MIMOSEA. [ Inga. *** Petiolus teres, nudus. Foliola petiolulata. Q Au^ t Species Columbiano-Mexicane. NL 25. I. MEMBRANACEA, Benth., sp. n. Subglabra. Foliola 2-3-juga, brevissime petio- que lulata, ovali-elliptica, obtusa v. obtuse acuminata, 2-3-pollicaria, membranacea, nitidula, venulosa. Pedunculi tenues. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 13 lin., corolla 3 km. longa. Legumen ignotum. | | Hab. Tropical America : Western Columbia, Veraguas, Seemann. Partes novelle minutissime puberule, specimina ceeterum glabra. Rami tenues. Stipule obsolete. Foliorum petiolus tenuis, 1i-3-pollicaris. Glandule minime v. obscure. Pedunculi axillares v. ad nodos defoliatos laterales, 1-14-pollicares. Receptaculum minimum, globosum. Staminum tubus inclusus. 26. I. JINICUIL, Schlecht. ! in Linnea, xii. 559. Glabra. Foliola 3-juga, longiuscule petiolulata, ovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, basi breviter euneata, acutiuscula, nitidula, majora 4-6-polliearia. Capitula densa, longe peduneulata. Flores glabri, sessiles v. brevissime pedicellati. Calyx 1 lin., corolla و‎ lin. longa. Legumen glabrum, 6-10-spermum. Hab. Tropical America: Mexico, Schiede, Jurgensen n. 594, Sumichrast n. 1037; Guatemala, Fraser. 27. I. DARIENENSIS, Seem. ۲ Bot. Her. 117, t. 28. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola 2—4- juga, longiuseule petiolulata, ovali-elliptica, acuminata, basi cuneata, nitidula, subtus venosa, majora 4-polliearia. Capitula densa, pedunculata. Calyx 1 lin. longus, pubes- cens. Corolla glabra, ad 3 lin. longà. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Darien, dark woods at Cape Corrientes, Seemann. Very near to J. Jinicuil. | tt Species Brasiliane. 28. I. LANCEAFOLIA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Foliola 2-3-juga, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, in petiolulum angustata. Pedunculi rigidi. Flores glabri v. vix puberuli, subsessiles. Calyx ad 1 lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 29. I. CINNAMOMEA, Spruce !, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Foliola 3-juga, longiuseule petiolulata, oblongo-elliptiea, majora 8-pollicaria. Capitula longe pedun- culata. Flores sessiles, glabri. Calyx 23 lin. longus, corolla vix longior. Stamina vix semipollicaria. Legumen “Inge.” Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil. 30. I. BULLATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 607. Rufo-hirsuta. Foliola 2-3- juga, breviter petiolulata, ovata v. oblongo-elliptica, obtusa, 5-9-pollicaria, subbullata. Pedunculi breves, pauciflori. Calyx campanulatus, fere 5 lin. longus, glaber. Corolla € apice setosa. Stamina sesquipollicaria. Legumen ignotum.—77. Bras. un. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. por nom c EC ef a کر‎ ONE nn ET EN EEE excl. syn. Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 607 31. I. cawPANULATA, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-villosula. Foliola 2-3-juga, brevissime petiolulata, ovali-elliptica, abrupte acuminata, majora 4-pollicaria, membranacea. Capitula multiflora, longiuscule pedunculata. Calyx campanulatus, 5 lin. longus. Corolla semipollicaris, parce pilosa. Stamina sesquipollicaria. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. Possibly a variety of I. bullata ; but, besides the differences in foliage and inflorescence, the flowers are said to be white in J. bullata, yellow in I. campanulata. Sectio 8. BuRGONIA. Flores parvi, glabri v. parce puberuli, in spicas elongatas cylindraceas v. breves ovoideas v. oblongas dispositi, in rhache lineari sessiles v. brevissime pedicellati. Corolla tenuis, infundibularis, calycem sepius minimum triplo saltem superans. Foliorum petiolus nudus v. breviter angusteque rarius undique v. late alatus. Glandulse sessiles v. parum elevate. ! None of the characters by which the first four or five species are distinguished from each other is con- stant ; they are, however, generally well marked in the greater number of the very numerous specimens I have seen, the species having generally a wide geographical range. * Spice elongate, axillares, 8 laxiflore. 39. I. LAURINA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1018. Glabra. Petiolus nudus v. vix angustissime foliola 2-juga, ovata v. ovali-oblonga, obtusa v. obtuse acuminata, coriacea, nitida, majora 2-3-pollicaria. Spice axillares, elongate. Calyx vix lineam, corolla 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen basi valde obliquum, 3-4-pollicare, fere pollicem latum.— Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 227. Mimosa laurina, Swartz! Fl. Ind. Occid. ii. 978; Sieb.! Fl. Trin. n. 110. Mimosa fagifolia, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. 264, t. 164, non Linn. Mimosa coruscans, Sieb.! Fl. Martin. n. 324. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Guadalupa, St. Thomas. Specimens also from i . fagifolia. rubus 3 a, de plant figured by J acquin, and imperfectly described from his drawing, no specimen having been preserved. ۱ h. 33. I. FAGIFOLIA, Willd. Herb. fide Klotzsc i marginatus anguste alatus v. subnudus; foliola 2-juga, ovata v. ovato-oblonga, obtusa v. obtuse acuminata, coriacea, nitida, majora 3, rarius 4 poll. longa. Spice axillares, elongate. Calyx vix lineam longus v. brevior, corolla ad 3 lin. Staminum tubus longi- uscule exsertus. Legumen 3-5-pollicare, ad 2 poll. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. i ifolia, Li ) ic. Plum. t. 141. f. 2. Mimosa fagifolia, Linn. Spec. 1498, ad ic. | ۱ Inga marginata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1015, quoad syn. nec descr.; Benth. in H marginatus ; Trinidad, Santa Lucia, Dominica, Martinica, Veraguas, Seemann, seem rather to belong Glabra v. vix puberula. Petiolus ook. Lond. Journ. iv. 588, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 8. Mir ae tetr h lla, f imosa tetraphy Bras. 112 pro parte. AK Inga tetraphylla, Mart. Herb. Fl. VOL. XXX. . 608 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE4A. [ Inga. Hab. Tropical America: spread over the greater part of tropical Brazil, Guiana, and Venezuela. This differs generally from I. laurina in its more decidedly bordered petiole, exserted staminal tube and narrower pod, and from J. marginata in its more coriaceous, less acuminate leaflets; but intermediate specimens occur on both sides. Mimosa didyma, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 46, may be a rude representation of some form of this; but the drawing is evidently so inaccurate as to be quite unrecognizable. 34. I. MARGINATA, Willd. 1 Spec. iv. 1015, excl. syn. Glabra v. puberula. Petiolus sub foliolis terminalibus breviter v. anguste alatus rarius subnudus; foliola 2- rarius 3-juga, oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, 3—4-pollicaria v. maxima duplo majora, submembranacea. Spice axillares, elongate. Staminum tubus seepius exsertus. Calyx ad 2 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Legumen vulgo 2-3-pollicare, semipollicem latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa semialata, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 5. Inga semialata, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 111. I. guayaquilensis, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 391. I. odorata, G. Don, l. c. 388? ex char. nimis brevi. I. excelsa, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 78. I. puberula, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 589. I. pycnostachya, Benth. ! 1. c. spicis longis dense floribundis. I. leptostachya, Benth.! in Pl. Spruce Exs. spicis longis laxifloris. I. sapida; H., B. et K. Nov. Gen» et Sp. vi. 286 ? ex specimine manco. Hab. Tropical America: common in tropical Brazil, extending into Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Columbia, to Panama. Exceedingly variable, especially as to the wings of the petiole, which are usually short, cuneate, or obcordate, but are sometimes narrow, and extend almost or quite to the lower pair of leaflets, or even, in some leaves, disappear altogether. J. verrucosa, Presl, Bot. Bem. 66, may belong either to this or to the preceding species. : | 5 35. I. CYLINDRICA, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 114. Glabra v. puberula. Petiolus nudus v. rarius hinc inde marginatus, foliola 3—4-juga, oblonga, obtusa v. acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, majora 4-5-pollicaria. Spice axillares, elongate. Calyx ad 4 lin., corolla 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen ad 8 poll. longum, 9—10 lin. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. | Mimosa cylindrica, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 9. Inga polystachya, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 587. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, Bahia, and Goyaz, and perhaps also North Brazil, but sometimes difficult to distinguish positively from 7. coruscans, of which it may prove to be a variety. 36. I. COBUSCANS, Humb. et. Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1017. Glabra. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-juga, ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, coriacea, nitida, 2-4-pollicaria. Spice axillares, elongate. Calyx semilinea brevior, corolla 24-3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix v. breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. | Mimosa coruscans, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 43. Hab. Tropical America : British Guiana, Columbia. Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 609 37. I. TOMENTOSA, Benth., sp. n. Tomentosa. Petiolus inter juga alatus; foliola 3-juga, oblonga, obtuse acuminata, 3-4-pollicaria. Spice axillares, elongate. Flores minute tomentosi. . Calyx linea paullo brevior. Corolla 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: near El Garania in Peru, Lechler, n. 2323. Tota pilis brevissimis crispulis tomentosa, tomento demum a pagina superiore foliolorum detergibili. Ramuli angulati. Stipulas non vidi. Foliorum petiolus 6-8-pollicaris, inter juga alatus, infra jugum infimum subnudus. Foliola brevissime petiolulata, basi rotundata. Spice in speciminibus visis semi- pedales, interruptz, breviter pedunculatz. Flores sessiles. Bractee parve, caduca. Stamina numerosa. With the inflorescence and small flowers of I. marginata and I. cylindrica, this species is well marked by the tomentum, exceptional in the section. ** Spice breves, ad nodos defoliatos v. rarius in axillis fasciculate. 38. I. AGGREGATA, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 391. Glabra. Petiolus anguste alatus v. subnudus; foliola 2-4-juga, ovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, membranacea, majora 5-polliearia. Spice in axillis v. ad nodos defoliatos plures, sessiles v. breviter peduncu- late, rhache vix semipollicari. Flores subglabri. Calyx 1 lin., corolla ad 3 lin. longa. Legumen rectum v. areuatum, 6-7 lin. latum. Inga sapida, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. 590, non H., B. et K. Hab. Tropical America: Peru, Pavon; near Yurimaguas, Peppig-n. 2208, and, appa- rently the same, British Guiana, Sehomburgk. — : I have little doubt that Pavon's specimen of this plant in the Fielding herbarium, now forming part of the Oxford herbarium, is the one described by Don as I. aggregata, although the Pavonian label attached to the label-sheet bears the name of I. Ruiziana in Don's handwriting; but it is evident that, by some mistake, the label-has been exchanged with that of one of the three specimens in the same collection agreeing with the characters of the true I. Ruiziana. Pavon's specimen and Schomburgk’s specimens have lost their bracts, which are small and persistent in Poeppig’s fruiting specimens; but I believe that all belong to one species. : p^ 39. I. Bourcont, DC. Prod. ii. 434. Glabra v. puberula. Petiolus sub foliolis breviter alatus; foliola 2-3- rarissime 4-juga, ovato-oblonga, acuminata, nitida, majora 4-5-polli- caria. Spies dens®, oblonge, laterales, aggregate. Calyx vix ¿ lin., corolla 3 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen rectum, planum, glabrum, haud crassum, marginibus parum elevatis, 3-5 poll. longum, ad $ poll. latum. Mimosa Bourgoni, Aubl.! Pl. Gui. ii. 941, t. 358. Mimosa alba, Vahl! Ecl. Amer. iii. 31, non Swartz. Inga assimilis, Mig. ! in Linnea m 130. Hab. Tropical America : Surinam, j IFERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. m m ee glandule maxime ; foliola 4-juga, ovato-oblonga, و و رسب‎ nitida, 3—4-pollicaria. Spice dense, oblonge, laterales, P MUR es velis "s . Calyx 4 lin., corolla fere 3 lin. longa. Staminum mem exsertus. Legu 5 . Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana, Schomburgk. ۱ $ Spruce! sp. n. Glabra. Petiolus subnudus ; foliela 2-3-juga, vts و‎ ANA a obtuse putet coriacea, nitidula, 2-3-pollicaria. Spice oblongo-elliptica, o : | Cayenne, and British Guiana. Journ. iv. 587. Tomentella, foliis glabris. 4 K 2 610 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [ Inga. dense, subglobos®, laterales, aggregate v. breviter racemose. Calyx vix 4 lin., corolla 21 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, near Tarapoto, Spruce n. 4221. Arbor 18-pedalis, coma patula. Foliorum petiolus 1—2-pollicaris, nunc omnino nudus, nunc sub foliolis brevissime marginatus. Foliola basi in petiolum brevissimum contracta. Glandule parve, scutellate. Pedunculi tenues, 1-l-pollicares. Spicarum rhachis vix 2 lineis longior. Flores numerosi, albi, pedi- cello 4 lin. longo fulti, odore Narthecii ossifragi scatentes, tenuissimi. 49. I. TENUIFOLIA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv.587. Glabra. Petiolus nudus. Foliola 4-juga, lanceolata, acuta, ¿-2-pollicaria. Spice dense, oblongo-cylindracee, laterales, pedunculatee, seepius fasciculate. Calyx vix ¿ linea longior, corolla fere 2 lin. longa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. —— | 43. I. ALBA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1013. Glabra v. vix puberula. Petiolus subnudus; foliola 3-5-juga, ovata v. oblonga, submembranacea, majora 3—4-pollicaria. Spiese ovoideo- globose v. breviter oblongze, densæ, laterales, aggregate v. breviter paniculatee. Calyx 4 lin., corolla 13 lin. longa. Staminum tubus exsertus. Legumen sessile, semipedale, à poll. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa alba, Swartz! Fl. Ind. Occid. ii. 976, non Vahl. Inga fraxinea, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1019. Mimosa fraxinea, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 44. . Inga thyrsoidea, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, 1. 71. Inga Spruceana, Benth.! in Pl. Spruce Exs. Inga parviflora, Sagot ! Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America : North Brazil, Cayenne. (See also 45, I. microcalyx, which has the short calyx of Burgonia.) Sectio 4. PSEUDINGA. Flores in spicas primum breves demum parum elongandas rarius oblongo-cylindraceas v. interrupte paucifloras dispositi, in rhache lineari sessiles v. rarius pedicellati. Calyx anguste tubulosus, rarius in speciebus parvifloris subcampanulatus, pilosus v. rarius glaber. Corolla (excepta seriei prioris) sericeo-villosa. Legumen ubi notum planum, crassum v. tenue, marginibus nudis v. elevatis nec lateraliter dilatatis, quam facies plan: seepissime angustioribus, glabrum v. hirsutum. Petioli nudi v. alati. Glandule sepissime adsunt. Spice seepissime axillares v. ad apices ramorum corymbosæ. Although readily distinguished from the foregoing sections, it is very difficult to trace any definite line to separate this section from Euinga, especially whilst the ripe fruit of so many species remains unknown or uncertain. The arrangement, therefore, here given may have to be considerably modified as the several species become better known. Series 1. Glabriflore. Petiolus nudus. Calyx glaber v. tenuiter puberulus. Corolla glabra. This series approaches the section Burgonia, more developed calyx. 44, 1. STIPULARIS, DC. ! Mém. Leg. 440; Prod. ii. 435. Glabra. foliacez, subpersistentes. Foliola 2-9-juga, ovata, coriacea, from which it is distingnished chiefly in habit and in the ` Stipulze late, rigide nitida, majora 4-6-polli- Inga. nga. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE ۰ 611 nes ms ovoideo globose, pedunculate, axillares v. subpaniculate. Calyx 2 lin corolla 4—41 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legum i bai > en 6-8-polli latum.—Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim E ی‎ a Hab. 'Tropical America: North Brazil, Cayenne, Surinam. 45. I. MICROCALYX, Spruce!, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra. Stipule anguste, caducæ. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovata v. elliptica, subeoriacea, nitida, majora 3-5- pollicaria v. rarius 6-8-pollicaria. Spice oblong:, axillares, longe pedunculatee. Calyx linea brevior, corolla 3-33 lin. longa. Stamina ultrapollicaria, tubo exserto. Legumen ignotum. . . Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. This has the small calyx and corolla of the short-spiked species of Burgonia ; but the long stamens and inflorescence are those of Pseudinga. 4G. I. CAPITATA, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814. i. 71. Glabra. Foliola 2-juga, ovato- oblonga, coriacea, nitida, majora 3-6-pollicaria. Spice ovoides, dense, axillares, longe pedunculatee. Calyx 3-4 lin., corolla ad 6 lin. longa. Stamina sesquipollicaria, tubo incluso. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. albicans, Walp. ! in Linnea, xiv. 298. I. peduncularis, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1095. I. calycina, Salzm.! Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. Miquel under the name of I. capitata belong to Pithecolobium razilian ones of I. capitata vary slightly from the above hether they are to be regarded as marked varieties or dis- The Surinam specimens distributed by letum. Some single specimens among the B characters, but are insufficient to determine w tinct species. : Spruce !, sp. n. Glabra. Foliola 3-4-juga, petiolulata, oblonga, icaria. Spice elongate, axillares, peduncu- angustus. Flores perfecte evoluti et legu- 47. I. STENOCALYX, acuminata, coriacea, nitida, majora 2—21-poll late. Calyx in alabastro jam 2 lin. longus, men ignota. T s Hab. Tropical America: summit of Mount Guayrapurina 1n Ecuador, Spruce n. 4882. ; i T ex omni parte glaberrima, I. capitate evidenter affinis, sed spicis elon- Arbor 20-pedalis, ramosissima, gatis et foliolis angustis 3-4-jugis distincta. orum petiolus 1-21-pollicaris, teres ۲۰ supra VIX can Folio nata, basi cuneata, petiolulo 1-14 lin. longo, 3-1 poll. lata, pennivenia. >I perfecte evolutze jam ultrapollicares, pedunculo longiusculo fulte, in axi | laxiflore. Flores glaberrimi, nitidi, sessiles. Corolla, adhuc in calyce clauso inclusa, numerosa basi monadelpha. (See also 103, I. sapindoides, wh habit of several Calocephale) . Stipulz lineari-falcate, rigide, caduce v. minima. Foli- alienlatus. Foliola pleraque longe et obtuse acumi- Spice in speciminibus nondum llis superioribus paniculatz, stamina fovet ich is said to have glabrous flowers, but has winged petioles and the liorum omnium v. plerumque nudus v. sub foliolis rarissime desunt. Bracte@ parve, rarius glaber. Corolla dense Petiolus fo inatus. Glandule sessiles, pilosulus v. laxe pubescens, Series 2. Gymnopodee. superioribus leviter marg caduce. Calyx tubulosus, 612 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. [Inga. sericeo-pubescens v. villosa, rarius parce strigosa. Legumen planum, ante maturitatem haud crassum, glabrum v. vix puberulum. * Foliola bijuga. Flores strigosi. 48. I. MARTINICENSIS, Presl! Symb. i. 65, t. 42. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola 2-juga, obovata, pilosula, 4-5-pollicaria. Spicæ breviter pedunculatee, densissime ob- longo-cylindraces, 13-pollicares. Flores sessiles, strigosi. Calyx 13 lin. longus; corolla 3 lin. longa, usque ad calycem 5-fida. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. —Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 221, pro parte. Mimosa coriacea, Sieb. ! Fl. Martin. n. 325. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Martinica, Sieber. 49. I. DOMINICENSIS, Benth., sp. n. Glabra v. pilis raris conspersa. Foliola 2-juga, ovato-lanceolata v. oblongo-elliptica, obtusa, nitida, 3—4-pollicaria. Spice breviter pedun- culatee, dense oblongo-cylindraceze, 13-pollicares. Flores pedicellati, parce strigillosi. Calyx linea paullo longior. Corolla infundibularis, fere 3 lin. longa, tubo calycem ex- cedente. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. I. martinicensis, Griseb. ! Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 227, pro parte. Hab. Tropical America: West Indies, Dominica, Imray. Certainly allied to J. martinicensis; but the two species, placed side by ‚side, have a very different aspect. ** Foliola pleraque v. omnia bijuga. Corolla sericeo-villosa. 50. I. LEIOCALYCINA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 598. Puberula. Foliola 2-juga, ovali-oblonga v. elliptica, nitida, majora 4—5-pollicaria. Spice dense, vix demum semipollicares, longe pedunculate. Calyx glaber, 2 lin. longus; corolla duplo longior, sericeo-villosa. Legumen 6-10-pollicare, 2 poll. latum.— F7. Bras. Mim. I. multiflora, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 598. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Cayenne, British Guiana. 51. I. pumosa, Benth.! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra v. pilis raris conspersa. Foliola bijuga, subsessilia, ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, nitida, majora semipedalia. Spica breves, densee, longe pedunculate. Calyx adpresse pubescens, 2-21 lin. longus; corolla sericeo-villosa, ad 5 lin. longa. Legumen pluripollicare, 3—1.poll. latum. - dae I. splendens, Benth. ! in Spruce, Pl. Exs., non Willd. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. 52. I. STRIGILLOSA, Spruce! im Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Puberula. Foliola 2-juga longiuscule petiolulata, ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, acuminata, minute pilosula ei semipedalia. Spicze breves, dense, longe pedunculate, Calyx pubescens 9 lin : o deck sericeo-villosa 4lin.longa. Legumen pubescens, 3-6-pollicare, 3-1 poll. latum : Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. — = : 53. I. RUFINERVIS, Spruce ول‎ Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Pube nitente rufescens Foliola 2-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, pagina infériore margine nerviformi et SEN pagine superioris rufo-pubescentibus, majora 6-7-pollicaria. Spices breves, dens, TED Sn Pal i-us F PEE qe er Te a qum UST uS Inga.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 613 pedunculate. Calyx adpresse pubescens, 3 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 6 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, and Eastern Peru, near Yurimaguas, Peppig. 54. I. Maynensis, Benth.,sp.n. Ferrugineo-tomentosa, glabrescens. Foliola 2-juga, ovata v. late elliptica, coriacea, majora 3-4-pollicaria. Spice breves, subcapitate, pedunculatee. Calyx tomentoso-pubescens, 3 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-tomentosa, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen sessile, basi valde obliquum, semipedale et longius, pollicem latum, glabrum. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, near Yurimaguas, Peppig (Herb. Vind.). Species tomento Euingis accedit. Flores et fructus Pseudingarum Gymnopodarum. Flores quam in I. rufinervi longiores magisque tomentosi iis J. nobilis similiores. Ramuli petioli et pedunculi tomento denso molli rufescente vestiti; foliola juniora utrinque pilosa, adulta supra glabrata, subtus ad venas hir- tella. Stipule breves, ovate, caduce. Foliorum petiolus teres, 1-2-pollicaris. Glanduls orbiculate, sessiles, variant parve v. majuscule. Foliola subsessilia, obtusa v. brevissime acuminata, demum rigidule coriacea vix tamen nitida; vene primarie subtus prominulz, venulis plus minus conspicuis; margines seepius recurvi ; foliola foliorum ramealium variant multo minora et acutiora. Pedunculi axillares, polli- cares v. paullo longiores, rigiduli. Spicarum rhachis oblonga v. ovoidea, 2-3 lin. longa. Bractew mi- nime, lineari-spathulate, sepius caduce. Flores tenues, sessiles. Stamina fere sesquipollicaria, tubo vix exserto. Legumen J. punctate, planum, glabrum, marginibus vix elevatis. 55. I. LENTICELLATA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Glabra v. vix minute pube- rula. Foliola 3-juga, ovata v. oblongo-lanceolata, nitidula, majora 3—4-pollicaria. Spicæ densæ, ovatæ v. oblongæ, peduneulatz, axillares subpaniculateeque. Calyx 3-1 lin. longus, minute pubescens. Corolla vix 3 lin. longa, cano-sericea. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil. i 56. 1. puncrata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1016, excl. syn. Pilosula v. glabrescens. Foliola 2. rarius 3-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, coriacea, nitidula, majora 4-pollicaria. Spicæ breves, dense, breviter pedunculate, ad apices ramorum paniculate. Calyx appresse pilosulus, 14 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 3 lin. longa. Legumen brevissime stipitatum, semipedale et longius, pollicem latum, junius pubescens, demum glabratum, planum, marginibus parum elevatis. Mimosa sericea, Poir. Diet. Suppl. i. 42. Hab. Tropical America: Columbia, Caraccas, Moritz, Fendler and others; Tenasiera, Triana. i eu | Ts Var. PANAMENSIS, ramulis subangulatis, glandulis majoribus, legumine su bsessii. Hab. Panama, Seemann, Sutton Hayes ; Chagres, ۰ xii. 560. Puberula. Foliola 3-juga rarius 2-juga, nitidula, majora 4-6-pollicaria. Spice breves, Calyx 2 lin. corolla sericeo-pubescens puberulum, semipedale et longius, 2 poll. 57. I. LEPTOLOBA, Schlecht. Limea, elliptica ۰ ovali-elliptica, acuminata, dense, in axillis longiuscule pedunculatee. 4 lin. longa. Legumen brevissime stipitatum, latum, planum, demum incrassatum. : Hab. Tropical America : New Spain, Herb. Pavon; n. 2396 ; Costa Rica, (Ersted ; Veraguas, Seemann. ۱ ei 58. I LINEATA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv.594. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola Mexico, Schiede, Bourgeau, 614 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [ Inga. 3-juga, ovali-elliptica, acuminata, majora 6—7-pollicaria, venis numerosis parallelis utrin- que prominulis. Spice ovoidee subcylindracee, pedunculatz, ad axillas fasciculate v. superiores breviter racemose. Calyx vix lineam longus, pilosulus. Corolla 2 lin. longa, villosa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Tarapoto in Eastern Peru, Mathews n. 1594. 59. I. JUGLANDIFOLIA, Willd. Spec. iv. 1018. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola 2-4- juga, oblonga, acuminata, majora 6—7-pollicaria, tenuiter coriacea, venis venulisque utrinque conspicuis. Petiolus eglandulosus. Spice axillares, pedunculate, subfasciculatee. Corolla villosa. Legumen planum. Mimosa juglandifolia, Poir. Diet. Suppl. i. 44. Hab. Tropical America: Caraccas, Bredemeyer. The only specimen I have seen of this species is from Bredemeyer, in the Vienna Herbarium, and is only in young bud. It is very near the large-leaved forms of I. nobilis, but appears to be always without petiolar glands. 60. I. 03115, Willd.! Enum. Hort. Berol. 1047. Glabra v. puberula. Foliola 3—4- juga, ovata oblongo-elliptica v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, maj ora subsemipedalia, tenuiter coriacea, venis venulisque utrinque conspicuis. Glandule depressee v. scutellatze. Spice breves, 0۳010666, pedunculatee, ad apices ramorum fasciculato-paniculatee. Calyx pubescens, 24 rarius 3 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 5 rarius 6 lin. longa. Legumen 4-6-pollicare, 9-10 lin. latum, tomentellum y. glabratum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. Humboldtiana, Kunth.! in H., B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 285. T. corymbifera, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 144; Lond. Journ. iv. 595. I. Riedeliana, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 595. I. sericantha, Miq.! in Linnza, xix. 132. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, Columbia, Ecuador, apparently common and widely spread. Var. ? Pavonıana, floribus pedicellatis. I. Pavoniana, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 595, non G. Don. Hab. Lima, Mathews, from Herb. Pavon. The venation of the leaflets distinguishes this species from most of those allied to it. 61. I. ACROCEPHALA, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 759. Puberula, foliis glabratis. Foliola sub-4-juga, ovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, majora semipedalia, coriacea, nitida. Spice ovoideo-capitatee, parve, numerose, breviter pedunculate, paniculate. Flores pubescentes. Calyx 13-2 lin., corolla vix 3 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Surinam, Hostmann. 62. I. Ruızıana, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 391. Tomentoso-puberula, mox glabrata. Foliola 4-6-juga, elliptico- v. anguste oblonga, acuminata v. obtusa, majora 6—10-pollicaria, eoriacea, nitida, venis Supra impressis subtus prominulis, venulis inconspicuis. Spice ovoidese, tomentose, breviter pedunculate, paniculate, Calyx 13 rarius 2 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-pubescens, 3 rarius 4 lin. longa. Legumen puberulum v. glabratum, semipedale, 2—1 poll. latum.— Benth. in F1. Bras. Mim : l. fagifolia, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 891, non Willd. | . L foliose, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 597. | | | Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE Æ. 615 Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Eastern Peru, Ruiz, Mathews n. 1923, Peppig ; and apparently the same species, Panama, Sutton Hayes. 63. I. MaATHEWSANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 594. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Foliola 5-6-juga, oblonga, acuminata, majora 4-5-pollicaria, venis venulisque utrinque conspicuis. Spies ovoidese, pedunculatee, ad axillas fasciculatee v. brevifer racemose. Calyx pubescens, 3 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, 5 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, near Mozobamba, Mathews. 64. I. mULTISUGA, Benth. sp. n. Ferrugineo-tomentella. Foliola 7-10-juga, oblonga, subacuminata, basi rotundata, 2-4-pollicaria, utrinque puberula, pennivenia, venulis parum conspicuis. Spice ovoides, ad axillas pedunculate. Calyx pubescens, 4 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, fere pollicem longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Sutton Hayes, Fendler n. 51, and perhaps a variety with rather smaller flowers, Costa Rica, GZrsted. Arbor 20-40-pedalis. Foliorum petiolus 6-8-pollicaris. Glandule scutellate. 65. I. THIBAUDIANA, DC.! Prod. ii. 434. Ferrugineo-tomentella. Petiolus nudus v. anguste alatus; glandule seepius magne elevate; foliola 4-5-juga, ovali-oblonga v. elliptiea, acuminata, majora 4-5-pollicaria, pennivenia, venulis parum conspieuis. Spicw breves, axillares v. panieulatz. Calyx 2-3 lin., corolla 2-1 poll. longa. Legumen fulvo- tomentosum, demum glabratum, 3-1-pedale, 2-1 poll. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. I. gladiata, Desv.! in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 1, ix. 427. I. macradenia, Mart. ! Fl. Bras. n. 1096. I. tenuiflora, Salzm.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 596, errore typogr. 1. tenuifolia, Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Bahia, and Para; Cayenne, Surinam, British Guiana, and, apparently the same, Tarapoto in Eastern Peru, Spruce n. 4915; and Cape Corrientes in Ecuador, Seemann. (See also 70. I. stenoptera, 78. I. Salzmanniana, and 79. I. nuda, in which the petiole is sometimes wingless). : Series 3. Pilosiuscule. Petiolus inter foliolorum paria alatus v. rarius subnudus. Glan- dule sessiles v. subsessiles. Bractee parve v. caduca. Calyz tubulosus, pilosus, laxe | pubescens v. rarius subglaber. Corolla tenuis, dense sericeo-villosa, pollice brevior. Legu- men ubi notum planum, marginibus parum elevatis. 66. I. SPLENDENS, Willd.! Spec.iv. 1017. Glabra v. vix puberula. dee anguste alatus; glandule magne; foliola 2-juga, ovali-elliptica, rigide yogs ide i 6-8-pollicaria. Spicæ breviter pedunculatee, corymbosee. ird 4- i od Pre E cens. Corolla 2 poll., rarius fere pollicem longa, sericeo-villosa. gu 8 culum, semipollice latius.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. ir. Di i. 43. Mimosa splendens, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 4 a uersu Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot. 11. 148, Lond. Journ. p 606. ý ی با‎ oh Hal 'Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, British Guiana, Vene o, Spruce n. 3664. : pe : ^n H ufo-pilosa. Petiolus alatus, apice longe 1. SETIFERA, DO.! Prod. ii. 432. Rufo-pilosa L | XXX. 616 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. [Inga. setifer; foliola 2-juga, ovata, coriacea, majora ad 10 poll. longa, utrinque pilosula. Spice densze, longiuscule pedunculate. Calyx pilosulus, 34 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo- villosa, 6-7 lin. Legumen subsemipedale, 1-13 poll. latum, nitens, appresse pilosum v. glabratum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. platycarpa, Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 142. I. macrophylla, Hook.! Bot. Mag. t. 5075, non Humb. et Bonpl. I. affinis, Steud. ! in Flora, 1843, 758. I. versicolor, Spruce! Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Surinam, Cayenne, British Guiana, Trinidad, Crueger. 68. I. PILOSIUSCULA, Desv.! Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 71. Pilosula v. subglabra. Petiolus late alatus; foliola 2-juga, rarius 3-juga, ovata v. ovali-oblonga, tenuiter coriacea, nitida, majora 4-6-pollicaria, adulta glabra. Spice dense, longe pedunculatz. Calyx pilo- sulus 3-4 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. in ۰ Bras. Mim. Mimosa pilosula, Rich.! in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1792, 113. Mimosa lucida, Vahl! Ecl. iii. 31, t. 24. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Cayenne. 69. I. nrrma, Willd. ! Spec. iv. 1013. Glabra v. parce pilosula. Petiolus late nunc breviter alatus ; foliola 2-juga, ovato-oblonga, tenuiter coriacea, nitida, majora 4-6-polli- caria, glabra. Spice dense, longiuscule pedunculatee. Calyx parce pilosulus, 2-23 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, 4-5 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa nitida, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 41. | Inga quassiefolia, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1013. Mimosa quassiefolia, Poir. l.c. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. This differs from the preceding chiefly in the smaller flowers. Willdenow’s specimen of I. quassiefolia has peduncles about 1 in. long, and of J. nitida nearly 3 in. ; but they appear to me to be otherwise the same ; and some of Burchell’s are intermediate in the length of the peduncles, 70. I. STENOPTERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Journ. Bot.ii.143.; Lond. Journ. iv. 599. Pilo- sula. Petiolus anguste alatus v. hine inde subnudus; foliola bijuga, ovali-oblonga, tenuiter coriacea, nitida, majora 5-6-pollicaria, demum glabrata. Spiez breves, longe pedunculate. Calyx pubescens, 3 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil; Eastern Peru, near Tarapoto, Spruce. Var.PEDUNCULARIs. Foliola majora 10-pollicaria. Petiolus subnudus. 7 ` I. peduncularis, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 599. Hab. North Brazil. 71. I. CHARTACEA, Popp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. 79. Junior ferrugineo- hirta, mox glabrata. Petiolus alatus ; foliola 3-juga, ovali- v. obovali-elliptica, put minata, tenuia, rigidula, nitida, subsemipedalia, nervis subtus valde prominentibus. Spice dens, subglobose, pedunculis fasciculatis. Calyx pilosulus, 14 lin. co'olla sericeo-villosa, 23 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. ۱ | PCT E PUTET IS Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰, 617 HM. Tropical America : Eastern Peru, prov. Maynas, Peppiy. > en the small flowers of £. acrocephala, but u. distinguished by the winged petiole and other 72. I. MARITIMA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. GOI. Pubescens. Petiolus alatus; foliola 2-3-juga, ovali-oblonga v. elliptica, ssepius obtusa, coriacea, majora 3-pollicaria. Spice densee, ad apices ramorum confertze. Calyx adpresse pubescens, vix 2 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, 4 lin. longa. Legumen puberulum v. hirtum, 4—6-pollicare, 9 lin. latum. — Fl. Bras. Mim. I. Velloziana, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. 118 quoad specimina, excl. syn. Vell. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. 73. I. Havzsir Benth., sp. n. Pubescens. Petiolus alatus; foliola 2-4-juga, ellip- tico-oblonga, acuminata, 2-4-pollicaria. Glandule parve. Spice breves, dense, ad axillas v. apices ramorum subsessiles. Calyx 3 lin., corolla sericeo-villosa, 6 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Sutton- Hayes. Frutex 10-15-pedalis, J. maritime subaffinis, sed foliola minus coriacea, diu pilosula, spice vix pedun- culatz et flores majores latiores. 74. I. DENSIFLORA, Benth., sp. n. Ferrugineo-pubescens. Petiolus alatus ; foliola 3—5-juga, elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, supra nitida subglabra, subtus pubescentia, 5-6- polliearia. Glandule parve. Spice densa, ad apices ramorum confertim corymbos. Calyx 14-2 lin., corolla sericea, 4 lin. longa. Legumen pedale, 2 poll. latum, crassum, durum, transverse lineatum. — Hab. Tropical America : Eastern Peru, near Tarapoto, Spruce, n. 4504; and, appa- rently the same, at Ibague in New Granada, Triana. ۱ Spice ad apices ramorum secus rhachin 2-3-pollicarem fasciculatee, singule $-1-pollicares, pedunculo 1—3-pollicari fultee. Flores in spica dense conferti. 75. I. BoxPrANDIANA, Kunth, in H., B. et K., Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 288. Glabra. Petio- lusalatus; foliola 5-juga, elliptico-oblonga, acuta, subcordata, subcoriacea, supra nitida, 5-6-pollicaria. Spice peduneulate ? Flores sessiles. Calyx tubulosus ; corolla duplo longior, tubulosa, sericea. Legumen complanatum, glabrum, 2-4-pollicare, margini- Al America: prov. Jaen de Bracamoras, Humboldt and u... am Kunth only saw a leaf of this plant Ans: perpa p p #7 is taken from Bonpland's notes. ave | i i ries, which remains v ; T á مرو‎ Oy VEU 388 (Mimosa pisana, Pav.) , from Peru, which I have not seen, may pos- sibly be the same species; but the character given is — ie € 76. I. VIRESCENS, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1v. 605. P Oron alana: foliola 4-5-juga, ovato-lanceolata, submembranacea, peg ibd "m وس وی‎ E spicuis, majora 3-pollicaria. Spice dense, pedunculatee, a n L " nce ud Calyx 24 lin. longus, parce pilosus. Corolla densius sericeo-pilosa, 4 lin. longa. g ig ,— Fl. Bras. Mim. E nd America: Brazil, Sello (Herb. Berol.). | , á ۱ Ferrugineo-tomentosa. Petiolus late alatus; foliola 77. I. LONGIPES, Benth., sp. n. rrug ۷ نو‎ 618 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Inga. 4-juga, ovata, coriacea, supra glabrata, subtus velutina, majora 8-9-pollicaria. Spice dense, pedunculo semipedali v. longiore. Calyx semipollicaris. Corolla villosissima, i poll. longa. Legumen ignotum. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, Spruce n. 4935. Arbor 25-pedalis, coma patula. Foliorum petiolus crassus, 6-8-pollicaris, undique alatus, alis interdum utrinque semipollicem latis. Foliola venis supra impressis subtus valde elevatis fere bullata, spe 5 poll. lata. Pedunculi erecti, rigidi, ferrugineo-tomentosi. Stamina 23-pollicaria, flavo-viridia, tubo incluso. 78. I. SALZMANNIANA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 608. Minute puberula. Pe- tiolus anguste alatus ; foliola 4-5-juga, obovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, submem- branacea, majora 4-5-pollicaria. Spice dense, breviter pedunculatze, ad apices ramorum corymbose. Calyx striatus, puberulus, 3-34 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—77. Bras. Mim. ۱ Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia and Para. 79. I. NUDA, Salzm.! Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 607. Parce hirtella. Petiolus breviter et anguste alatus v. nudus; foliola 3-4-juga, elliptico-oblonga v. ovato-lan- ceolata, demum glabrata, majora 5-6-pollicaria. Spice ovoidex, dense, breviter pedun- culate, subcorymbose. Calyx striatus, subglaber, 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo- villosa, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.—7/. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia; Cayenne. Var.? LONGIFLORA, calyce semipollicari, corolla fere pollicari. Hab. Cayenne, Poiteau (Herb. Beroi.). (See also 65. I. Thibaudiana, and an occasional specimen of some other Gymnopode with the petioles slightly winged.) 80. ? I. PRURIENS, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 78. Piloso-hirta pilis fragilibus. Petioli ale oblong:e, apice basique anguste ; foliola 2-9-juga, ampla, elliptico-obovata, obtusa, basi cuneato-rotundata, rigidissima, supra glabra, basin versus glandula cupuli- formi instructa, subtus hirte pilosa, terminalia 10-pollicaria. Spice solitarize, sessiles. Calyx eorollaque hirsuta. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, Peppig. I have seen no specimen answering to the above character ; and Poeppig had it in bud only. It may be therefore doubtful whether it belongs really even to the Order. I have seen no Inga with a gland on the surface of the leaflets. Series 4. Leptanthe. Petiolus inter foliolorum Paria latiuscule alatus. Glandule s?ssiles v. stipitate. Bractee persistentes, calycem sepius equantes v. tenues. Calyx striatus, glaber v. appresse pilosus. sericeo-villosa. 81. I. acuminata, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 600. Glabra y. vix pilosula. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovato-lanceolata v. ovali-oblonga, acuminata, glabra, levia, nitida, majora 4-5-pollicaria. Glandule subsessiles. Spice ovoideo-globosze, nee Bractes persistentes, calyce breviores. Calyx glabriusculus, insigniter acuminatus, 4 lin. longus. Corolla hirsutissima, semipollicaris, Legumen ignotum. — Hab. Tropical America : Trinidad. | | The species differs from all others known to me in the remarkably acuminate flower-buds. superantes. Flores Corolla. apice pilosa, v. undique Inga. nga. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. 619 82. I. CILIATA, Presl! Symb. ii. 11, t. 58. Pilosula. Glandulæ subsessiles ; foliola 45-juga, ovali- v. anguste oblonga, acuminata, tenuia, leevia, nitida, majora 1-2. olli- caria. Spice paucifloree, pedunculo tenui. Bractex setaceæ, calycem subsequantes Calya striatus, parce pilosus, 13-2 lin. longus. Corolla subsericeo-pilosa, 5-6 lin. vw Legu- men 3-4-pollicare, 5-9 lin. latum, hirsutum.— Benth: in Fl. Bras. Mim I. cerulescens, Walp.! in Linnea, xiv. 298. I. fagarefolia, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1093. I. microphylla, Salzm. Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Bahia and Pernambuco. 83. I. LEPTANTHA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 603. Pilosa. Glandule sti- pitate ; foliola 2-4-juga, lanceolata, acuta, tenuia, levia, nitida, majora 3—4-pollicaria. Spies laxee, pedunculo tenui. Bractex lineares, persistentes, calycem equantes. Calyx striatus, pilosulus, 2-23 lin. longus. Corolla hirsutissima, ad 7 lin. longa. Legumen sessile, pilis longis rufis hirsutum, 4-6-pollicare, fere pollicem latum.—Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Bahia. I. angustifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1012 (Mimosa sinemariensis, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 40, non aliorum), must remain among the plants not now to be determined. It was described from a Caracas specimen of Willdenow's herbarium comprises a single leaf of it, which might be referred but that it is entirely without hairs. A specimen in leaf of a Cayenne identified. Bredemeyer's, in leaf only. to a barren branch of I. leptantha, plant from Sagot very closely resembles it, but cannot yet be'satisfactorily 84. I. STRIATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 608. Rufo-villosula. Glandulw foliola 4-5-juga, ovata v. oblongo-elliptica, utrinque villosula, pedunculatee, ovoidew v. demum elongate. Bractew Calyx striatus, ad 4 lin. longus, parce pilosulus. Legumen crassum, ferrugineo-villosum, semi- parve substipitate : majora subsemipedalia. Spicze lineares, persistentes, calycem «quantes. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 7-10 lin. longa. pedale, 7-10 lin. latum, marginibus valde elevatis. I. Catharine, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 605. Hab. Tropical or subtropical South America : and Minas Geraes, and perhaps also Bolivia. This species ought, perhaps, to be removed to the Calocephale, notwithstanding its small flowers ; it differs from all the preceding ones in the foliage, which is that of several species of Euinga. A Bolivian specimen from Sorato, Mandon, n. 761, is in some measure intermediate between this and I. Pavoniana, Don, which differs chiefly in the much greater length of the flowers. | Benth.! in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. 143; Lond. Journ. iv. 603. Pilis ferrugineis conspersa. Glandule parve ; foliola 4-5juga, ovali- v. anguste oblonga, acuminata, membranacea, nitidula, majora 3-4-pollicaria. Spice pedunculate, laxæ, distichee. Bracteæ ovato-lanceolatæ, calyce parum breviores, persistentes. Calyx 33 lin. longus, strigosus. Corolla hirsutissima, 9-10 lin.longa. Legumen rufo-villosum (semi- pedale ?), ad pollicem latum. Hab. Tropical America : Britis S6. I. PLATYPTERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. turbinate ; foliola 2-3-juga, ovata v. oblongo-lanceola licaria. Spies oblonge, pedunculate. Bracte® lanceolate, Brazil, prov. Rio J aneiro, Sao Paulo, 85. I. DISTICHA, h Guiana, Schomburgk. iv. 602. Rufo-hirsuta. Glandulie ta, utrinque pilosa, majora 5-1 -pol- persistentes, calyce multo J / 620 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Znga. longiores. Calyx 3-4lin. longus, striatus, pilosus. Corolla subpollicaris, dense pilosa. Legumen ignotum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. Series 5. Longiflore. Petiolus alatus. Glandule sessiles v. brevissime stipitate. Bractee caduce v. minime. Flores angusti, ultrapollicares. Calyx tubulosus, glaber v. villosus. Corolla sericeo-villose. Legumen ubi nolum planum, crassum, rufo-villosum. 87. I. PÆPPIGIANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 602. Pilosa. Foliola 3-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, majora 4-5-pollicaria, supra nitida, utrinque pilosa. Spice oblongs, sessiles. Bractee ovatz, breves. Calyx j-pollicaris, vix ciliatus. Corolla 2 poll. longa, apice pilosa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. I. ciliata, Poepp. et Endl. ! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 78, non Presl. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, prov. Maynas, Peppig. The specimens I saw in the Vienna Herbarium had the flowers almost destroyed by worms. 88. I. LONGIFLORA, Spruce! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-hispida, glabrescens. Foliola 2-juga, longe oblongo- v. ovali-elliptica, acuminata, coriacea, nitida, majora 8-9- pollicaria. Spice dense, breviter pedunculatz. Flores pedicellati. Calyx glaber, 7-8 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-pilosa, 1}-pollicaris v. paullo longior. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. 89. I. MICRADENIA, Spruce! Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-hirsuta. Foliola 3-juga, oblonga v. sublanceolata, acuminata, membranacea, utrinque pilosa, majora 4-pollicaria. Spice pedunculatz. Flores sessiles. Calyx semipollicaris, pilosus. Corolla 1-14 poll. longa, sericeo-pilosa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. This species in some measure connects the Longiflore with the Vulpine. The glands are very shortly stipitate, as in 1. longiflora, : 90. I. sPECIOSA, Spruce !, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-pubescens. Foliola 3-juga, oblongo- v. ovali-elliptica, subobtusa, pubescentia, in forma typica 4-pollicaria, glandulis parvis. Spice brevissime pedunculatee. Flores sessiles. sericeus, 4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 11 lin. longa. exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. Var. LOMATOPHYLLA. Foliola 8-9-pollicaria, margine nerviformi dense hirtello cincta. cala majores. Flores longiores. Hab. North Brazil, Spruce. ۰ 91. I. vELUTINA, Willd.! Spec. iv. 1014. Ferrugineo-pubescens v. villosa. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovalia, obtusa, pubescentia, majora 6-10-pollicaria. Spicee pedunculatee. Flores sessiles. Calyx rufo-sericeus, 8-9 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, subsesquipollicaris. Staminum tubus ssepius exsertus. Legumen crassum, densissime rufo-hispidum, semi- pedale et longius, 1-13 poll. latum.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. | xi Mimosa velutina, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 42. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil. Calyx molliter Staminum tubus longe EA IN NES A o e تست‎ TEE. TA lanceolatz, calyce longiores. Inga.] MR. G+’ BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 621 92. I. PLUMIFERA, Spruce!, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-tomentosa. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, pilosula, majora semipedalia. Spice breviter pedunculatee. Flores sessiles, dissiti. Calyx semipollicaris, rufo-villosus. Corolla dense sericeo-villosa, sesquipollicem excedens. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. ۱ | Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. 93. I. NEGRENSIS, Spruce !, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Ferrugineo-hirta. . Foliola 4-5-juga, oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, pilosula, majora 3-4-polliearia. Spice breviter pedunculate. Flores sessiles, dissiti. Calyx striatus, pilosus, ad 5 lin. longus. Corolla dense sericeo-villosa, pollicem parum excedens. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legu- men ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. Series 6. Calocephale. Petiolus alatus v. rarius subnudus. Glandule sessiles. Bractee persistentes. Flores pollicares v. longiores, quam in seriebus precedentibus sepius latiores. Calyx tubulosus v. campanulatus, sepius striatus. Corolla sericeo-villosa v. setosa. Legumen ubi notum planum, crassum, marginibus viz v. valde elevatis. 94. I. oBTUSATA, Spruce! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Min, Rufo-tomentosa. Petiolus subnudus ; foliola 3-4-juga, late ovata, obtusissima, coriacea, pubescentia, semipedalia. Spicee brevissimze, pedunculatz, dense corymbos:e. Bractem ovate, imbricatee, semi- pollicares longioresque. Calyx sericeo-pubescens, 3-33 lin. longus. Corolla tee sericeo- pilosa, sesquipollicem excedens, Legumen crassum, villosum, 6-10-pollicare, 2-1 poll. latum, marginibus vix elevatis. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Spruce. ۱ ۱ 95. I. SPECTABILIS, Willd. Spec. iv. 1017. Glabra. Bamuli angulati. : ! nudus v. anguste alatus; foliola 2- rarius 3-juga, ovali-elliptiea, obtusa v. — er coriacea, nitida, semipedalia et longiora. Spice oblonge, pedunculatze. Bractez ovato- Calyx 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-hirta, ‚subpolli- planum, glabrum, marginibus non Petiolus caris. Legumen 1-2-pedale, 3 poll. latum, crassum, levatis. T s 1 aa spectabilis, Vahl! in Skrift. Nat. Selsk. Kjöbenh. 1792, 11. pars 1. 219, t. 10. Inga fulgens, Kunth, Mim. 36, t. 11, staminibus rubris. ; 4 ‘da. H., B. et. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 287, staminibus albis. | 3 dio P 91 Ameriea: Santa Marta, v. Rohr; New Granada, Humboldt an ab. Tro rica : ۱ ۱ Bonpland, Triana, Linden n. 466; Chagres, Fendler n. 67. "ee $ 96. I UFISETA Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Longe سورب‎ gnis æ y" e, gie ; 2 i j itida, 4-1-pedalia. Spice i . la 3—5-juga, oblonga, nitida, | c - «tentes. Petiolus nudus ; folio -jug à | ga diu ecm neulate. Bractes oblonge v. lineares, persistentes. Calyx E = 9 : ۲ bins c colla parce setosa, 14 poll. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ongus. Co G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 391, non ۰ stipularis, S s‏ ڪڪ I ; setigera Pest et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 80, non I. se 4 xà d‏ Hab. Tropical America : Eastern Peru, and perhaps ^o‏ | 622 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEÆ. [Inga. 97. I. MACROPHYLLA, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1015. Parce pilosula v.. glabra. Ramuli crassi, angulati. Petiolus alatus; foliola 3—4-juga, ovata, acuta, nitida, majora semipedalia et longiora. Spice ovoideze, pedunculatee, superiores corymbose. Bractex ovato-lanceolatze, persistentes. Calyx striatus, parce pilosus, i-polliearis. Corolla dense sericeo-villosa, 14-14 poll. longa. Legumen ignotum. Mimosa macrophylla, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 42. ` Inga calocephala, Poepp. et Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 78. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, Peppig; North Brazil, Spruce, Riedel; and, if rightly determined, on the Orinoco, Humboldt and Bonpland. : I have seen leaves only of Humboldt’s plant; its identification must therefore remain uncertain ; but I have every reason to believe it to be correct. / 98. I. BRACHYPTERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 610. Parce hirtella. Ramuli crassiangulati. Petiolus apice breviter alatus; foliola 3-juga, ovali-elliptica, acuminata, nitida, semipedalia et longiora. Spice ovoidex, pedunculate. Bracteæ ovatæ, per- sistentes. Calyx striatus, 6-8 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-hirsutissima, ultrapollicaris. Legumen hirsutissimum, junius jam 6-8 poll. longum, marginibus valde elevatis. Hab. Tropical America : Tumaco in Columbia, Hinds. | 99. I. HETEROPTERA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 611. Glabrescens. Ramuli crassi, angulati. Petiolus alatus; foliola 3-juga, ovali-elliptica, acuminata, nitida, sub- pedalia. Spies ovoideze, longe pedunculate. Bractew ovate. Calyx 3-33 lin. longus, puberulus. Corolla sericeo-hirsutissima, fere pollicaris. Legumen * ei I. brachyptere simile.” Hab. Tropical America: San Pedro in Columbia, Hinds. The three preceding species require further comparison from a more perfect series of specimens ; but they E . ۰ appear to me to be quite distinct from each other. Staminum tubus exsertus. 100. I. BRAcTEOSA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 609. Parce hirtella. Ramuli crassi, angulati. Petiolus nudus; foliola 3-juga, ovali-elliptiea, breviter acuminata, i-l-pedalia. Spies ovoides, dense, pedunculate. Bractex lanceolate, acuminatissimee, 3 calyces sequantes. Calyx glabriusculus, pollicaris v. longior. Corolla hirsutissima, 13 poll. longa. Staminum tubus longe exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: British Guiana, Schomburgk; Cayenne, Poitean (Herb Berol.). Wo we ov 101. I. LINDENIANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 608. Dense rit vet Y velutina. Petiolus alatus; foliola 3-juga, ovata, acuminata, membranacea ejer J-polliearia. Spice oblonge, pedunculate. Bractese lineari-lanceolatze. wem pilo- sulus, 5-8 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, subpollicaris. Legumen 3-1-pedale (v longius?), 2-23 poll. latum, dense rufo-villosissimum, cra FE c 3 : , SS ’ ` demum tortuosum. d 7 pou, I. Mucuna, Walp. et Duchass. ! in Walp. Ann. ii. 459. Hab. Tropical America: Caracas, Fendler : Chagres 1 . le Duda. ( gres, Fendler ; Panama, Duchassaing ; t TR dw] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 623 102. I. PANAMENSIS, Seem.! Bot. Her. 117. Rufo-pilosula, glabrescens. Stipule ovatee v. oblonge, persistentes. Petiolus alatus; foliola 2-3-juga, ovata v. elliptico- oblonga, breviter acuminata, membranacea, glabriuscula, majora semipedalia. Spice | pedunculatee. Bractex lineares v. sublanceolatee, calycem zquantes. Calyx pubescens, | 3-3) lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-pubescens, 8-9 lin. longa. Legumen glabrum, crassum, | semipedale et longius, 13 poll. latum, marginibus valde elevatis. `` Hab. Tropical America: Panama, Seemann, Sutton Hayes; New Granada, Linden 1.366. Schlim's n. 256, from Ocaña is also very near, if not identical with this species. E08. ?I. SAPINDOIDES, Willd. Spec. iv. 1012. Pilosula. Petiolus alatus; foliola 4-5- juga, oblonga, acuminata, submembranacea, lete virentia, ad 4 poll. longa. “Spice oblongse, pedunculate. Flores glabri. Legumen glabrum, lineare, pedale." Mimosa sapindoides, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 40. Hab. Tropical America: Caracas, Bredemeyer. Of this, Willdenow's herbarium contains a specimen, in leaf only, which is not unlike that of J. panamen- r sis; and Willdenow had not seen the flowers, which, on the authority of Bredemeyer, he says, are glabrous, | thus removing the species from all the Pseudinge except the first small series, consisting of plants of a very different aspect. — 104. I. PAvONIANA, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 388. Rufo-pubescens. Petiolus alatus ; ] | foliola 3—4-juga, ovato-lanceolata v. ovali-oblonga, acute acuminata, 4-1-pedalia, utrinque | puberula, subtus elevato-venosa. Spice pedunculateo, demum elongate. Bractez | lineares, persistentes. Calyx striatus, pubescens, 5-6 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo- | villosa, 14 poll. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen oom n | reatum) 33-pollicare v. longius, 1 poll latum, glabrum, crassum, marginibus valde . elevatis. _ Hab. Tropical America: Peru, E 1 A vo | 1 Eo a A Weddell closely connect this with the much smaller-flowered Brazilian | I striata. E Ruiz and Pavon; Casapi, Mathews n. 307 and 1924; etiolus alatus v. nudus. oso-hirti v. selosi. P Spice dense, breves, pedunculate. Bractee dense villosum v. hirsulum. | Series 7. Vulpine. Foliola et ramuli pil 3 000 sepius parve, longe stipitate. . taduce. Corolle villose. Legumen ubi notum * Petiolus alatus. “ee. TT t Glandule E ۳ i Rufo-hispida. Stipulse late. : /| 305. L rasıvosa, Willd. Spec. ۳۰ gehe to-oblonga, acuta, supra nitida, majora semi- | Minimo, longe stipitate ; foliola 4-5-juga, OV vem pedalia. Spice pedunculate, pauciflorz. — se d , E Sericeo-villosa, bipollicaris. Staminum tubus ex : E iam, 4-1- pedale, 3 poll. latum. | Mimosa fastuosa, Jacq. ! Fragm. 15, t. 10. Hab. Tropical America: Caracas. | 106: I. VENOSA, Griseb. ! Fl. Brit. W. In ۳ 1۵ parre, breviter stipitate ; Toliola & M8 ME er xxr. pilosus. Corolla densissime Legumen dense rubiginoso ispida. Glan- omen tantum. Setoso-hispida. Ind. 11 tenuiter coriacea, 4M ovata Y. ovali-elliptica, 624. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEJE. [Znga. nitida, majora semipedalia. Spice pedunculate, pauciflore. Calyx 7-8 lin. longus, parce pilosus. Corolla bipollicaris, hirsutissima. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Trinidad, Sieber n. 104. Species I. fastuose affinis. Pili ferruginei seu sete in ramulis petiolis peduneulisque copiosi, in pagina utraque foliorum presertim ad venas sparsi, demum evanidi. Stipule lanceolato-lineares, semipolli- cares, caduce. Foliorum petiolus semipedalis et longior, alis latis coriaceis apice basique contractis. Foliola pennivenia, venis utrinque elevatis. Pedunculus folio brevior, supra medium florifer, floribus sessilibus dissitis. Bractex anguste lanceolate, subtus hispid, caducze. 107. I. VILLOSISSIMA, Benth., sp. n. Undique rufo-villosissima. Glandule , parva, longiuscule stipitatee ; foliola 3-4-juga, ovata, demum coriacea, subbullata, 3—4-pollicaria, Spice pauciflore, pedunculatee. Calyx semipollicaris, villosus. Corolla pollicaris, sericeo-villosa. Staminum tubus vix exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Venezuela near Tovar, Fendler n. 264. 108. I. serosa, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 388. Longe setosa. Stipulee late. Glandule parvee, stipitatee ; foliola 5-6-juga, oblongo-elliptica, breviter acuminata, utrinque longe - pilosa, majora semipedalia. Spice dense, longe pedunculate. Calyx striatus, pubes- cens, 5 lin. longus. Corolle tubus calyce brevior, lacinie angustz, villose, dimidio longiores. Staminum tubus corolla brevior. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Peru, Pavon (Herb. Oxon.). 109. I. MULTICAULIS, Spruce!,sp.n. Rufo-hispida. Stipulee late. Glandule parvi, stipitatse ; foliola 5-6-juga, oblongo-elliptica, breviter acuminata, utrinque pilosa, majora semipedalia. Spies dense, longe pedunculate. Calyx striatus, pubescens, 4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 9-10 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Ecuador, foot of the Chimborazo, common at an elevation of 3000 feet, Spruce. | 110. I. BLANCHETIANA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-hirsutissima. Glan- dulze longe stipitate ; foliola 3-4-juga, oblonga v. lanceolata, majora semipedalia. Spieze laxe, floribus pedicellatis. Calyx hirsutissimus, semipollicaris. Corolla villosissima, sesquipollicaris. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, Blanchet n. 2632 (Herb. DC.). 111. I. BARBATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 604. Bufo-pilosa. Stipulse late, persistentes. Glandule parve, longe stipitate; foliola 3—4-juga, ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, majora 3—5-pollicaria. Spicee oblongze, breviter pedunculate. Calyx pilosulus, 3-4 lin., corolla hirsutissima, 6-9 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. 112. I. GUILLEMINIANA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 605. Dense rufo-villosa Stipule parve, caduce. Foliola 2-4-juga, elliptico-oblonga, acuta, majora 3-pollicaria ; glandule stipitatze, parvee, inter villos seepe occulte. Spice ovoideo-oblongx, peduncu- Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Sao AT SUE a Mi y Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 625 late. Calyx hirsutus, 34 lin., corolla villosa, 6-9 lin. longa. Legumen sessile, 3-4. pollicare, ad 9 lin. latum, undique rufo-villosissimum, marginibus parum elevatis.— F7. Bras. Mim. | Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Very near J. barbata, but with a shorter more dense indumentum, small stipules, less stipitate glands, &c. x 113. I. VULPINA, Mart. ! Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 1097. Rufo-villosissima. Foliola 2-5- ' juga, ovata v. oblonga, acute acuminata, majora 3-4-pollicaria. Spies ovoideæ, longe pedunculatæ. Calyx pilosus, ad 4 lin. longus. Corolla dense villosa, calyce paullo v. vix dimidio longior. Legumen setoso-hirsutissimum, 2—1 poll. latum, marginibus parum elevatis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. ferruginea, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, t. 773. I. superbiens, Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 299, 300. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes. Differs from I. barbata in the small stipules, less bullate leaflets, and short corollas. ** Petiolus nudus. 114. I. vesrira, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 604. Dense rufo-villosa. Foliola 3—4-juga, elliptico-oblonga, acuta, majora 2-23-pollicaria. Spice ovoidem, pedunculate. Calyx strigosus, ad 2 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 5—6 lin. longa. Staminum tubus breviter exsertus. Legumen densissime velutino-villosum, pollicem latum, margi- nibus parum elevatis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: South Brazil, Sello (Herb. Berol.). 115. I. HISPIDA, Schott! ; Benth.in Fl. Bras. Mim. Rubiginoso-hispida. Foliola 3—4- juga, elliptico-oblonga, 4-6-pollicaria. Spice breves, dense, longe pedunculateo. Calyx latiusculus, dense strigosus, 3 lin. longus. Corolla dense sericeo-villosa, 7-9 lin. longa. mi us inclusus. Legumen ignotum. en America: Brasil prov. Rio Janeiro, Schott (Herb. Vindob.). 116. I. FERRUGINEO-HIRTA, Mart.! Benth. in Pl, Bras. Mim. ee Foliola 3-juga, elliptico-oblonga, rigide coriacea, nitida, glabrescentia, majora : 31-polli- tee. Calyx tubulosus, ferrugineo-pubescens, 4 lin. longus. caria. Spice dense, peduncula i Corolla en rufo-sericea, 7-8 lin. longa. Staminum tubus inclusus. Legumen Fed al America: Brazil, prov. Bahia or Rio Janeiro, Luschnath (Herd. Mart.). on comparison, showed too much difference in the pro- Although very near J. hispida, the specimens, eec portions of ی‎ and other characters to unite them without further intermedia ; ; E Series 8. Dysanthæ. Habitus et folia Euinge. eer ei e d ۰ Spi T Bractee ۰ Corolla et calyx ce crispis مه‎ m : de i dense villosum, marginibus parum © atis. notum Pseudingæ planum, ۱ Fr Iti 101 ی‎ the fruits of all the species of Euinga and Pseudinga are known, the i diem "- i „me. of the series of the one or the other section. à ing may be incorporated in so ze 626 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [ Inga. 117. I. DYSANTEA, Benth. ! in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-villosa. Foliola 3-4-juga, ovali-oblonga, acuminata, marginata, villosa, majora 5-pollicaria. Spiez laxe. Flores sessiles. Calyx campanulatus, 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla subpollicaris. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, pres. 118. 1. CAYENNENSIS, Sagot! Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mim. Rufo-pubescens v. villosa. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acute acuminata, 9—4-pollicaria. Spice laxz, breviter pedunculatee. Flores longiuscule pedicellati. Calyx subcampanu- latus, 21-3 lin. longus. Corolla ¿-pollicaris. Legumen rufo-tomentosum v. villosum, 3—4-pollicare, 6-8 lin. latum, planum, crassum, marginibus parum elevatis. : Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Poiteau, Sagot n. 164. The stipitate flowers and the form of the calyx and corolla are not unlike those of J. ingoides ; but their indumentum is densely crisped, and the pod is totally different. Poiteau’s specimen in Herb. Gay was given to him as the true Mimosa ingoides of Richard ; but this has since been ascertained to have been an erroneous determination. Species Pseudinge dubie. The two following species may be distinct from any of the foregoing, but are insufficiently described for identification without inspection of authentic specimens. I. coriacea, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 390. Petiolus nudus. Foliola 3-4-juga, lanceolata, acuminata, basi obliqua, margine undulata, uti petioli et ramuli novelli pilosa. Pedunculi breves, pauciflori, laterales, terminales et axillares. Mimosa coriacea, Moc. et Sess. MS. Hab. Mexico, Mocino and Sessé. I. carnosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 391. Petiolus nudus. Foliola 3-juga, late elliptica; mucronata, glabra. Pedunculi axillares, uti ramuli rufo-tomentosi. Legumen lanceolatum, planum. Mimosa carnosa, Herb. Pav. Hab. Peru, Ruiz and Pavon. Sectio 5. EUINGA. Flores quam in Euinga ssepe latiores, in spicas sepius laxiusculas v. paucifloras dispo- siti, in rhache lineari sessiles v. breviter pedicellati. Calyx campanulatus v. tubulosus, sepius breviter tomentosus v. puberulus, striis parum prominulis. Corolla sericeo-villosa. Legumen ssepius tomentosum, crassum, marginibus convexis dilatatis plurisulcatis, facies sepe partem v. omnino obtegentibus, in una specie latum undique velutino-hirsutissimum. Indumentum szpius breviter rufo-tomentellum. Foliorum petiolus, duabus speciebus exceptis, alatus. Glandulz sessiles sepissime adsunt. Foliola 4-6-juga, rarius 2-3-juga v. hine inde 7-juga. Spiez in axillis superioribus solitarie v. geminz, rarius ad apices ramorum subcorymbosx. Flores plerumque semipollice longiores, pollicem haud v. vix excedentes. The discrimination of species in this section is attended perhaps with greater difficulty than in any other Mimosem. The foliage and flowers often show more difference between different specimens of one species than between different species, as characterized by widely different fruits. The majority of herba- ‘rium specimens are without fruits, or, when in fruit, the matching them with flowering ones is often very uncertain. . Moreover the pod frequently acquires its characteristic form only at the last stage of ripening, xx dE ci Lc I Roi 3 Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE X. 627 in which state it is rarely gathered by collectors. "The determinations, therefore, of the following species must be received with more than usual caution. aie * Petiolus nudus. 119. 1. VISMIÆFOLIA, Pepp., Endl.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 79. Villoso-hirta. Foliola 3- juga, late ovata, obtusa, supra glabra, subtus villosa, 4-1-pedalia. Spice magn:e, globose, longe pedunculatz, ad apices ramorum longe racemos®. Calyx 5 lin., corolla 7-8 lin. longa. Stamina numerosissima, tubo vix exserto. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, prov. Maynas, Peppig. 120. I. RUBIGINOSA, DC.! Prod. ii. 494. Ferrugineo-velutina. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovata v. elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, nitida, subtus velutina, majora 6-8-pollicaria. Spieze breviter pedunculate, interrupte pauciflore. Flores sessiles. Calyx campanulatus, rufo-velutinus, 3 lin. longus. Corolla pilis crispis villosissima, subpollicaris. Legumen ignotum. Mimosa rubiginosa, Rich.! in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1792, 113. Hab. Tropical America: Cayenne, Martin; Demerara, Parker. ** Petiolus alatus. 121. I. vera, Willd. Spec. iv. 1010. Ferrugineo-tomentella v. pubescens. Foliola 4-6- juga, obovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, majora 4-5-pollicaria. Spice pauciflore v. demum interruptee. Flores sessiles v. brevissime pedicellati. Bractee parve, ovate. Calyx tubulosus, tomentellus, 6-7 lin. longus. Corolla villosa, vix dimidio longior. Legumen subsemipedale (v. longius?), ad 2 poll. latum, marginibus valde dilatatis plurisuleis et undulatis, faciebus tamen apertis. —Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa Inga, Linn. Spec. 1498, ad ic. Sloane, Jam. t. 183. f. 1, et Plum. 16. t. 25. Inga Berteriana, DC. Mém. Leg. 438 ; Prod. ii. 434. Inga pauciflora, Walp. et Duchass. in Linnea, xxiii. 746. Inga Mociniana, G. Don! Gen. Syst. ii. 388. | Hab. "Tropical America: West Indies, Central America, Columbia, and perhaps Guiana, but often planted. | The typical Jamaica form appears to me to be precisely represented also by Bertero’s specimens from The Central-American and South-Mexican specimens, including the above-quoted appear, in the proportions of the flowers, to pass into J. zalapensis and often approach those of 1. affinis and 7. uraguensis as well as so that the limits of the species cannot at present be Santa Marta. synonyms of Walpers and Don, I. spuria, whilst the Columbian ones ) I. spuria ; and perfect fruits are altogether wanting ; و میم‎ Miq. Stirp. Surin. 1, from Surinam, Focke, from the character given, can scarcely differ Som the true ۰ i: I, Benthamiana, Meissn. in Linnza, xxi. 253, from Surinam, Kegel, n. 1206, of which the fruit is also unknown, is most probably likewise to be included amongst the varıe- ties of ۰ : i a 1 ۱ Y Yos 7 ‚Ua, C. Wright and others, of the San-Domingo U.S. Commission of Inquiry, may be also a dy اب‎ oes with more glabrous shining leaflets and very shortly pedicellate flowers approaching those of I. spuria. 122. I. URAGUENSIS, Hook. et Arn. ! in Hook. Bot. Mim. iiiz 202. Ferrugineo-tomen- 628 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSER. [ Inga. tella. Foliola 4-6-juga, oblonga, majora 3-4-pollicaria. Spicee breves, densse v. parum elongatee. Flores sessiles. Bractese parve, ovatee. Calyx tubulosus, tomentellus, ad 5 lin. longus, Corolla villosa, parum v. vix dimidio longior. Legumen Z. vere v. brevius, marginibus scepius latioribus, faciebus angustius apertis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical and subtropical South America: Brazil, prov. Sao Paulo, and perhaps Rio Janeiro, and on the Uruguay. Very near J. vera, this appears to be its southern representative, differing slightly in foliage and inflores- cence, in smaller flowers, and perhaps in the pod. 123. I. XALAPENSIS, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 616. Ferrugineo-pubescens y. villosa. Foliola ad 5-juga, obovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, majora 4-polliearia. Spies oblong, laxiusculee v. interrupte pauciflore. Flores sessiles v. brevissime: pedicellati. Bractese lanceolate, subpersistentes. Calyx tubuloso-campanulatus, 43-5 lin. longus ; corolla villosa, dimidio longior. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America : Mexico, Coulter, Linden n. 671, Jurgensen n. 595. | I. eriocarpa, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 615, from South Mexico, Coulter, Berlandier (Herb. DC), may be the same species. The pod in these specimens is narrower. and longer than in J. vera, . with the margins more closed over the faces. I. flexuosa, Schlecht, Linnea, xii. 559 (Z. Schiedeana, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2), of which the flowers are not described, may be the same species. 194. I. spuria, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Spec. iv. 1011. Ferrugineo-pubescens, Foliola 5-6-juga, oblongo-elliptica, acuta, majora 4-5-pollicaria. Spice laxe. Flores breviter pedicellati. Bractese parvee, ovatz.; Calyx latiuscule tubulosus, tomentoso- villosus, 5-6 lin. longus; corolla parum v. vix dimidio. longior. Legumen J. vera. Kunth, Mim. 89. t. 12; Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa spuria, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 40. | Hab. Tropical America : Columbia and apparently also in Brazil, prov. Bahia and Rio Janeiro. This differs from J. vera in the flowers stipitate, sometimes almost as much as in I. ingoides ; but in this respect, as in some others, the specimens we have of the four preceding species show nume- rous slight variations; and possibly, when better known, all may prove to be varieties of one widely spread and variable species. Besides the specimen figured as 7. spuria, Kunth's collection in the herba- rium of Paris contains a specimen apparently of J. edulis, with sessile calyces, under the same name of I. spuria. : 125. I. 101۲51 DC. Prod. B. 433. Pubescens. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali-oblonga, utrinque acuta, glabrescentia, majora 4-6-pollicaria. Spicee longs, rhache demum 11-2- pollicari. Flores sessiles, subdissiti. Bractew lineares, calyce breviores, subpersistentes. Calyx tubulosus, tomentosus, 4—5 lin. longus. Corolla rufo-sericea, 8-9 lin. longa. Legumen “ 1-2-pedale," ex icone planum, marginibus dilatatis. Inga reticulata, Spreng. Syst. iii. 130. I. Cumingiana, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 616. Hab, Tropical America: Lima in Peru, where it is much planted in gardens, Feuillée ; Lima, Cuming n. 980; temperate valleys of the Andes, Jameson. ی بویت‎ a lee. was established both by De Candolle and TNT | ON ai, Obs. iii, pars ii. 27, t. 19. Aublet, Pl. Gui. 5 1 1 3 Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 629 7 Qi; quotep the same figure for his Mimosa sinemariensis, without any further characters to enable us o conjecture what Cayenne plant he had mistaken for Feuillée’s. G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 388, under the name of Inga sinemariensis, seems to have mixed up with the Peruvian plant the Z. laurina, Sw. Mimosa Pacai, “ Fres, in Vitm.” inserted in Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, is probably founded also on Feuillée’s plant. 126. I. INSIGNIS, Kunth! Mim. 43, t. 13. Ferrugineo-hirta v. tomentosa. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptiea, acuminata, coriacea, hirta v. glabrata. Spies ovoideo-oblongse, dense, pedunculate. Flores sessiles. Bractew oblong:e v. lanceolate, caducissimee. Calyx tubulosus, pilis erispis villosus, ad 5 lin. longus. Corolla villosis- sima, pollice brevior. Legumen crassum, durum, marginibus latis subeequaliter tetra- gonum, semipedale, pollicem latum et crassum.— Benth, Fl. Bras. Mim. I. pachycarpa, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 617. Hab. Tropical America: common in the Andes of Quito, Humboldt and Bonpland, Hartweg n. 966, Spruce n. 5096; and apparently the same species, but not in fruit, Brazil, prov. Minas Geraes, Burchell n. 5835. 127. I. AFFINIS, DC. Prod. ii. 433. Rufo-velutina v. pubescens. Foliola 4-6-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acuminata v. obtusa, majora 3-6-pollicaria. Spiez breves v. demum longiuseule. Flores sessiles. Bractee parve, ovate. Calyx tomentosus, latiusculus, 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 7-8 lin. longa. Legumen tomen- sosum, fere T. vere, marginibus latis sulcatis, faciebus apertis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. Mimosa dulcis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ie. xi. t. 4. Inga dulcis, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 113, non Willd. Inga Arrabide, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. I. acutifolia, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 614. Hab. Tropical America : Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, Mattogrosso, Goyaz, Pernambuco and Para, and perhaps also in Bolivia and the Argentine Republic. Closely allied to Z. vera; this appears to differ chiefly in the corolla, at least twice as long as PES and perhaps also in some measure in the pod ; but in neither species have I been able to ascertain t i i i i ally unripe or defective. normal form, the fruits attached to dried specimens being usu y ei d Inga ornifolia, H., B. et K., Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 291, from Quito, only known in fruit, 1s probably not different from I. affinis. E ; | | rds rhoifolia uu Enum. Hort. Berol. 1046, from Para, ifia only known in leaf, without i f its allies. it mbles in that state rather J. affinis than any d | a Be Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 12, or Inga Vellosiana, Mart. Fl. Bras. 114 (non ejusd. ibid. i | i . Fl. 118) ‚from the rude figure, may be referrible to a variety of I. affinis, although the bracts are represented as linear. 128. I. MEISSNERIANA, Miq. oblongo-elliptica Y. sublanceolata, 3-4-polliearia. Spice breviter pedu ud ] i tibus tenuiores. subsessiles, quam ın præceden E Corolla sericeo-villosa, ad 9 lin. nes ar je Hab. Tropical America: Surinam, Focke ; و‎ duis ps 1 I j RIUSCULA; Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. ۰ 606. ori I | d an aan ovali- v. obovali-elliptica, breviter و‎ bi ten ie ra 5 pollicaria Spice breviter pedunculate, laxiuscule, superior jora 9- 2. 9l omentosa. Foliola 4-6-juga, acuminata, quam in I. affini angustiora, pleraque neulatze, ssepius fasciculate, 1-2-pollicares. Flores ` Calyx tomentosus, 34 lin. longus. tum. | Sagot n. 926. ! Stirp. Surin. 2. Rubiginoso-t 630 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Inga. Flores sessiles, angusti. Calyx puberulus, 3-34 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 6-8 lin. longa. Legumen (perfectum ?) semipedale, 4 poll. latum, marginibus quam in I. vera minus dilatatis, faciebus late apertis.— Fl. Bras. Mim. I. uncinata, Spruce, Pl. Exs. Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, and Columbia. With the narrow flowers nearly of J. edulis, this has a pod nearer to that of I. vera, to which latter | species it appears to have been referred in some herbaria. 130. I. EDULIS, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 113. Ferrugineo-tomentosa. Glandulse magnee, ssepe. compresse transverseque. Foliola 4-6-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, submembranacea, majora 6-8-pollicaria. Spice breviter pedunculatee, sub- corymbosa. Flores sessiles, angusti. Calyx molliter tomentosus, 24-4 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 7-9lin. longa. Legumen ultrapedale, subteres, marginibus valde dilatatis plurisulcatis supra facies clausis.— Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. I. vera, H., B. et K.! Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. 289, non Willd. Mimosa Ynga, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 3. ۱ . Hab. Tropical America: North Brazil, Guiana, Columbia, Peru and Central America ; sent also from Minas Geraes and Rio Janeiro, but perhaps not indigenous, as it is fre- - quently cultivated. | _ With the fruit of I. ingoides, this has the very different inflorescence and flowers of 7. scabriuscula, and the foliage rather distinct from both. 131. I. rascicuLata, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 79. Ferrugineo-velutina. Foliola 4-juga, ovali- v. elliptico-oblonga, quam in Z. eduli magis coriacea. Inflo- rescentia 7. edulis, flores minores, corolla ad 5 lin. longa. Legumen 6-8 poll. longum, 1 poll. latum, junius tenuiter villosum, demum glabrum. Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru near Cuchero, Poppig. I have not now seen this species, which requires further comparison with some others of the section. 132. I. GEnsTEDIANA, Benth. ! in Seem. Bot. Her. 117. Dense rubiginoso-pubescens. Glandule parve v. obsolete; foliola 4-juga, oblongo- v. ovali-elliptica, obtusiuscula, majora 6-8-pollicaria. Spice oblongzs, breviter pedunculatze, superiores ۰ Flores sessiles, angusti. Calyx velutinus, 3 lin. longus. Corolla rufo-villosissima, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen 7. edulis, elongatum, subteres, sulcatum. I. clavigera, Moritz, in Herb. Sond. ; | Hab. Tropical America: Costa Rica, GErsted ; Panama, Seemann; Columbia, Moritz. 133. I. CONFERTA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 620. Tenuiter puberula. Glan- dule magne; foliola 5-6-juga, ovali-elliptica v. oblonga, acuminata, pleraque semi- pedalia. Spice oblonge, pedunculatz, fasciculate, superiores numeros. denseque corym- bosse. Flores sessiles. Calyx tomentosus, 3 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 6—7 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. : Hab. Tropical America: Eastern Peru, Tarapoto, Mathews n. 1595. 134. I. FENDLERIANA, Benth., sp. n. Rufo-tomentosa. Glandule parvule. Foliola sub-4-juga, ovata v. elliptica, obtusa, supra nitida, subtus pubescentia, 4-6-pollicaria. Spice dense, numerose, in corymbum densissime confertz. Flores sessiles. Calyx rubiginoso-tomentosus, 3 lin., corolla rufo-sericea, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen oblongum, the legume, well figured by Meriana, A larger flowers, or a rather different inflores Inga.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 631 crassissimum, dense rubiginoso-velutinum, 2-23-pollicare, pollicem latum marginibus latis, faciebus apertis, Eu: Hab. Tropical Ameriea: Columbia, valley of Macarao, Fendler n. 2259. 185. I. LUSCHNATHIANA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 618. Ferrugineo-tomen- tosa v. pubescens. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali-oblonga, obtusa v. acuminata, majora 3-4- ` pollicaria. Spice longs, breviter pedunculatz, axillares. Flores subsessiles. Calyx latiusculus, 13-2 lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 7-8 lin. longa. Legumen (si hue rite relatum) crassum, latiuseulum, tomentosum, marginibus plurisuleatis latissimis facies omnino obtegentibus.— Fl. Bras. Mim. I. eriantha, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 614. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio. Janeiro and Minas Geraes, I am not confident of having correctly matched the fruiting specimens with the flowering ones, which are distinguished from J. affinis and its allies chiefly by the proportions of the flowers. 136. I. SUBNUDA, Salem.! Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 613. Ferrugineo- pubescens. Petiolus breviter et anguste alatus. Foliola 2-3-juga, ovali- v. oblongo- elliptica, acuminata, majora semipedalia. Spice breviter peduneulatz, superiores bre- viter subpanieulatz. Flores pedicellati. Calyx campanulatus, velutinus, fere 3 lin. longus. Corolla dense villosa, 7-8 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia. The flowers are nearly those of I. Luschnathiana, but pedicellate ; and the foliage is very different. 137. I. LAXIFLORA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 617. Rufo-velutina. Foliola 5-juga, oblongo-elliptica, acuminata, hirtella, demum nitida, majora 5-pollicaria. Pe- duneuli elongati, interrupte floriferi. Flores pedicellati. Calyx latiusculus, velutinus, 4 lin. longus. Corolla villosissima, ad 9 lin. longa. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Tropical America: Peru, Sesuya, Mathews n. 3274. The long loose inflorescence readily distinguishes this from 7. ingoides. 138. I. INGOIDES, Willd. Spec. iv. 1012. Ferrugineo-tomentella. Foliola 4-5-juga, ovali- v. oblongo-elliptica, mueronata v. acuminata ; majora 4-6-pollicaria. Spice breves, laxæ, superiores subcorymbose. Flores pedicellati. Calyx latiusculus, tomentosus, 3-3) lin. longus. Corolla sericeo-villosa, 6-7 lin. longa. Legumen uni- y. pluripedalis, subteres, marginibus valde dilatatis plurisuleatis supra facies clausis.—Benth. in Fl. Bras. Mim. — Mimosa ingoides, Rich. in Act. Soc. Nat. Par. 1792, 113. Inga ornata, Kunth! Mim. 46, t. 14. I. Meriane, Splitg.! Pl. Nov. put 19. EN ۱ ibi ; ss. ! in Linnea, xxii. . : HÀ ni alm Guiana, West Indies, and Columbia, and probably also North razil. 1 ia ; icels are usually longer, and ; this approaches J. affinis and I. spuria ; but the pedice y L رو نو‎ id is that of J. edulis. Without the pod it is readily confounded vith specimens referred by Triana to M. ornata, there are some with cence, which may belong to some distinct species, but impos- In foliage and fl several other species; and amongst the sible to define without the fruit. ás VOL. XXX. 632 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEAZ. | [Znga. 139. I. Bantensis, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 618. Folia flores et inflo- rescentia I. ingoides, nisi spice magis corymbose, et corolla ratione calycis sublongior. Legumen 7. affinis, semipedale, 8-9 lin. latum, marginibus valde dilatatis, facies tamen non obtegentibus.—-Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Bahia, and, if rightly determined, also Rio Janeiro, Minas Geraes, and Goyaz; but the specific characters require further investi- gation. 140. I. sEssiLIS, Mart.! Herb. Fl. Bras. 114. Rufo-velutina. Foliola 5-7-juga, oblonga v. ovali-lanceolata, acuminata, majora 3-5-pollicaria. Spice axillares, inter- rupte pauciflore. Flores sessiles. Calyx crassus, ovoideo-campanulatus v. inflatus, 7-14 lin. longus. Corolla villosissima, calyce parum v. dimidiolongior. Legumen rufo-hirsu- tissimum, crassum, semipedale, 1-13 poll. latum, rectum v. arcuatum, margine exteriore irregulariter inerassato.-- Fl. Bras. Mim. : Mimosa sessilis, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 21. Inga calycina, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 612. Hab. Tropical America: Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Minas Geraes. The calyx, although very variable in size, is always large, nearly of the shape of that of Affonsea, but thicker. The pod is a very distinct one. XXIX. AFFONSZA, St.-Hil. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. 599. 'The genus is confined to Southern tropical Brazil. 1. A. DENSIFLORA, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 16. Petiolus nudus. Foliola 3-4-juga, oblonga, acuminata, nitida, plana, glabra, majora 5-6-pollicaria. Bractex cum floribus in spica brevi densa imbricatee. Calyx 8 lin. longus. Corolla pollicaris. Legumen ignotum.— 77. Bras. Mim. Hab. Brazil, prov. Bahia. 2. A. JUGLANDIFOLIA, St.-Hil. ! Voy. Diam. i. 885. Petiolus interrupte alatus. Foliola 2—4-juga, ovali- v. elliptieo-oblonga, vix acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, nitidula, plana, majora 4-6-pollicaria. Spica laxa, bracteis patentibus caducisve. Calyx 9-10 lin. longus. Corolla paullo longior. Legumen ignotum.— Benth. ! in Fl. Bras. Mim. A. comosa, Benth.! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 76, t. 1. Hab. Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro and Bahia. 3. A. BULLATA, Benth. ! in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 77. Petiolus alatus. Foliola 3-5- juga, longe oblongo-lanceolata, bullato-rugosa, majora 6-9-polliearia. Bractex cum floribus in spica densa imbricatee. Calyx 5-6 lin. longus. Corolla paullo longior. Le- gumen crassum, compressum, ferrugineo-villosum, 3-4 poll. longum, 9-10 lin. latum.— Fl. Bras. Mim. Hab. Brazil, prov. Rio Janeiro. SS A ۳۹۱ ی وھ کا‎ PRIOR Species dubie.) MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. : - 633 SPECIES DUBLE. Species which may be distinct from any of the foregoing, yet so imperfectly described that I am unable to fix upon the genera to which they should be ascribed :— Mimosa flava, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 176. Pinnz 3-5-juge. Foliola 7-10-juga, linearia, semiunguem longa, obtusa. Glandula nulla. Flores pallide flavi. Hab. Surdud in Arabia, Forskäl. Schweinfurth thinks that this comes nearest to Acacia Verek, above referred to A. Senegal; but that species has the petiolar glands very prominent. Mimosa glomerata, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 177. Folia bipinnata. Legumen nigrum contorto-globosum. Hab. Arabia, included in the Fl. Arab. p. xxiii, but no further clue given to its station or character. Mimosa Sejal, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 177 (Acacia hadiensis, DC. Prod. ii. 472). Inermis. Pinne 3-Juge, inferiores squama una, extime squama duplici distinct. Foliola 14-juga, ovali-linearia, ungue breviora. Hab. Hadie in Arabia, Forskal. I know of no Mimosez with scales on the petioles between the pinnz except some Brazilian species of Mimosa itself. Mimosa stellata, Forsk. Fl. Hg. Arab. 177; Vahl, Symb. i. 81 (Acacia stellata, Willd. Spec. iv. 1079). ‘Spine stipulares (aculei?) recurve. Pinne 10-juge. Foliola 13-juga, oblonga. Petiolus communis subtus aculeis geminis oppositis recurvis, ad singula paria et supra intra foliola singulorum aculeus erectus. Pedunculus axillaris, superne villosus. Flores in racemo composito numerosi, patentes, sparsi, pedicellis longitudine florum. Sepala 5, ovata, acuta. Petala 5, lanceolata. Stamina 10, distincta, corolla parum longiora. Legumen compressum, membranaceum, lanceolatum. Hab. Mount Kurma in Arabia, Forskäl. Some of the characters would point to a Mimosa allied to M. rubicaulis; but many others are at variance with any Mimoseous genus known to me. - Mimosa pilosa, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 650 (M. crinita, Pers. Syn. ii. 261). Inermis, pilosa. Folia sim- pliciter pinnata. Foliola multijuga, ovata, obtusa, utrinque pilosa, superiora minora. Flos gy conglobatus in capitulum magnum albissimum. Calyx 5-fidus, erectus. Corolla campanulata, -fida. Filamenta numerosa, corolla duplo longiora. Antheræ minimæ. Stylus filiformis. Legumen lineare, tenue, rectum, polyspermum. s a ap might be those of an Albizzia; but I know of no Old-World Mimosea with simply pinnate leaves, nor with the peculiar inflorescence described. ; | | Mimosa glandulosa, Vahl, Ecl. iii. 38 (Inga glandulosa, Steud. ; DC. Prod. ii, 442). Curia — Pinn® 5-8-juge. | Foliola 17-juga (these numbers reversed by DC.), E —— i; : 2 latere altero angustissima, glabra. Glandule sessiles, cave. Spice axillares, solitariz, ngiores, erecte, Flores parvi. Stamina numerosa, monadelpha. hr. P rue d dais d allied to A. nudiflora and A. vere dur ig v plants named M. glan- ` dulosa which I found in Vahl's herbarium, were very different - ۳ i x e Hort. Matrit. ex Lag. (Inga leptophylla, Lag. Elench. gr x es 7 PUR ‘ne stipulares recurve. Pinnæ 4-7-juge. Foliola 10-18-juga. Capitula T en er 40, monadelpha. Legumen lanceolatnm, subfalcatum. pedunculata. وی ان‎ vent by Née. Hab. Raised in the Madrid Garden from American d air te سا‎ that > . : 1 re so rare narro stipular spines Or infrastipular prickles a sus Mimosa leptophylla, Cav. 634. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ [Species dubie. I am unable to suggest the affinities of this species ; possibly an Acacia allied to 4. Remeriana, or a Pithe- colobium (Ortholobium), or Calliandra allied to C. chilensis. Mimosa strigosa, Pers. Syn. ii. 263, non Willd. (Acacia strigosa, Spreng. Syst. ii. 137 non Link; A. strigulosa, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2). Pinnz unijuge. Foliola bijuga, obliqua, subtus pilosa. Flores capitati. Legumen compressum, strigosum. Hab. Peru, Herb. Juss. The above character is insufficient to determine the genus of this species; it cannot, however, be a true Mimosa ofthe Sensitive series, as both pairs of leaflets of each pinna are perfect. Mimosa arcuata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. ii. 308. Glabra. Spice geminzs, valide. Pinne 2-3-juge. Foliola 10-15-juga, oblonga, minuta. Pedunculi axillares, folio longiores. Capitula globosa. Legumen arcuatum, lineari-elongatum, multiarticulatum, lzve. Hab. Mexico, caleareous mountains east of Tehuacan de las Granadas, alt. 6000 ft., Galeotti n. 3222. The stamens are not described ; the flowers in the Latin character are said to be white, in the French, notes yellow. I have been unable to match the above characters with any of the Mexican specimens I have scen, Mimosa geminata, DC. Prod. ii. 427. Caules diffusi petiolique aculeati. Pinnz 2-juge (jugis di- stantibus). Foliola 15-20-juga. Capitula axillaria, gemina, fere M. pudice. Hab. Mexico, Mocino and 6, j Described from a very rude drawing of Mocino and Sessé's; the fruit unknown, and the stamens not mentioned. Being placed in the division “ pinnis distantibus," it cannot be referred to any form of M. pudica, and it may prove to be some species allied to M. fragrans. Mimosa monadelpha, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 544. Pinnze subbijuge. Foliola subbijuga, oblique oblonga, glabra. Panicula terminalis. Stamina numerosa, in tubum longissimum connata. Legumen stipita- tum, 1-2-spermum. Hab. None given. Mimosa Carisquis, Blanco, Fl. Filip. 734, ed. 2. 507, from the Philippine Islands, may possibly be allied to Albizzia Julibrissin (Acacia Nemu), with which the author compares it; but the flowers are not described. Mimosa longisiliqua, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi. t. 15, is probably some Piptadenia, although I cannot match the rude representation of a fruiting specimen with any species of which the pod is known to me. Hab. Brazil. der Acacia nutans, Spreng. Syst. iii. 141. Inermis, glabra. Petiolus eglandulosus. Pinnz 12-juge. Fo- liola multijuga, linearia, obtusiuscula. Capitula racemosa, nutantia. Legumen lineare. - Hab. New Granada, on the Magdalena, Bertero. I know of no Mimoseze with the inflorescence described by Sprengel. The specimen named by him A. nutans, which I saw in Herb. Balb., was Mimosa leiocarpa, DC., with erect spikes. Acacia pubescens, Schlecht. Linnea, xii. 565. Pubescens. Aculei stipulares gemini, recti v. curvuli, basi subconnati. Pinnze 4-5-juge. Foliola 12-14-juga, anguste elliptica, 2 lineis breviora. Petiolus uniglandulosus. Legumen ultra 4 poll. longum, 7-8 lin. latum, faleatum, externe subarticulatum, inter semina hinc inde contractum. Semina septis nullis distincta. Hab. Mexico: Regla, Ehrenberg. I should have considered this plant an Acacia closely allied to, if not identical with, for the carpological character, which points rather to some Pithecolobium. Acacia pauciflora, A. Rich. Fl. Cub. i. 461 (Calliandra pauciflora, Griseb. Cat. Pl.Cub. 284). Nana, pubescens. Aculei gemini, stipulares, recurvi, breves. Folia minima. Pinne ljugz. Foliola sub-4- juga, oblonga, obtusissima, coriacea, ciliata, pilosiuscula. Capitula solitaria, axillaria, pedunculata, A. tortuosa, but ۳ SO ea TEE Species dubie.] MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEÆ 635 -3-flora. Calycis si lacini : cie dn tubulosi lacinise lanceolate, acute. Corolle lobi acuti, ciliati. Stamina 12, libera. Hab. Cuba, R. de la Sagra, , Probably a Pithecolobium (Ortholobium), differing from P. prehensile in the foliage, which is that of Calliandra colletioides, and in the pedunculate flower-heads. The stipular Pn oh vd sy h always straight and acicular in Calliandra, recurved in Ortholobium. A. Richard decis e ag j as free whenever the staminal tube does not exceed the corolla so as to be visible without dissecting. ; Acacia insularis, A. Rich. Fl. Cub. i. 464. Inermis, villosa, Stipulse membranaceze, foliacex oblongae acutissimee, pilose. Pinnæ Sepius 3-juge. Foliola 24-35-juga, minima, oblongo-elliptica, "m ii. pilosa, ciliata, subtus 3-nervia. Capitula ovoidea, solitaria, axillaria, longe pedunculata, Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla 5-fida, calyce duplo longior. Stamina 10, libera. Ovarium apice penicillatim villosum. Legu, Hab. Cuba, A. de la Sagra. Certainly no Acacia if the stamens are correctly described. Possibly some Neptunia, but does not agree with any specimen known to me. Acacia littoralis, A. Rich. Fl. Cub. i. 467. Inermis, tomentoso-pubescens. Stipule vix conspicui, Petiolus eglandulosus. Pinne 2-8-juge. Foliola 30—10-juga, oblongo-angusta, obtusa, subcoriacea, nitida, subtus pallidiora. Capitula parvula, spherica, pedunculata, in racemum terminalem laxum ramosum disposita. Calyx turbinatus, obsolete 5-dentatus, apice villosus. Corolla calyce triplo longior, glabriuscula. Stamina circiter 20-25, libera. Legumen ignotum. Hab. Cuba, Vuelto de Abajo, Valenzuela, * Moruro da Costa” of the natives. Grisebach refers this to Calliandra portoricensis; but the inflorescence described and some other cha- racters are quite at variance with that species. Albizzia (Serianthes) amenissima, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 165, from the N.E. extremity of New South Wales, would appear, from the characters given, to be intermediate as it were between Serianthes grandi- flora and S. myriadena , which F. Mueller unites under the name of Albizzia grandiflora. The pod, how- ever, is unknown, and the genus must be in some measure uncertain. Inga Berterii, Spreng. Syst. iii. 127 (I. Sprengelii, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 392). Spice stipulares, geminz, rectee. Pinnæ l-juge. Foliola 1-juga, oblique oblonga, obtusa, coriacea, glabra. Flores race- mosi. Legumen glabrum, rectiusculum. Hab. South America, Bertero. ; ; I found no specimen with this name amongst Bertero’s plants named by Sprengel in Herb. Balbis, nor any to which the above character might be applicable, except, perhaps, the Pithecolobium hymeneafolium of which there was a specimen of Bertero's from the Rio Magdalena; that, however, has the pod much ` curved. Inga alternifolia, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 395 (Mimosa circinalis, Moç. et Sess. MS.), glabra. Pinna multijuge ; foliola mul js alterna, glauca, coriacea, Spin: stipulares recte. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii. Capitula globosa, Legumen glabrum, cochleato-contortum. Hab. Mexico. jx * T It is doubtful from the character given whether this is a Pithecolobium or a Prosopis. E SPECIES EXCLUSE. lthough some of them imperfectly known, are all either referrible to 0 mre not Leguminous plants at all. Willd. Spec. iv. 1016), = Cassia bacillaris, Linn. Cay. ex C. Gay, Fl. Chil. ii. 181. The following, the Suborder Czesalpiniez, or are Mimosa nodosa, Linn. Spec. 1498 (Inga — s Mimosa balsamica, Mol. Hist. Chil., = Larrea | Lj 636 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE Æ. [Species excluse. Mimosa fera, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 652, = Gleditschie sp. ex char. Mimosa stellata, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 651 (Acacia taxifolia, Willd. Spec. iv. 1050 ; Mimosa taxifolia, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 59 ; Mimosa ternata, Pers. Syn. 261), and M. sinuata, Lour. 1. c. 653, from Cochinchina, are evidently, from Loureiro's descriptions, not Leguminous plants; but I am unable to guess at their real affinities. Mimosa bauhiniefolia, Salisb. Prod. 324, is probably a true Bauhinia. Mimosa Kantuffa, DC. Prod. i1. 491, — Pterolobium lacerans, Br. Mimosa crocea, M. laxa, M. Musa, M. Pacoba, M. pulchra, and M. triphylla, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. xi., are all species of Swartzia. Adenanthera triphysa, Dennst. Schluss. Hort. Malab. 15,— Ailantus malabaricus, DC. Acacia dolabriformis, Wendl. Comm. Acac. 55,— Daviesia incrassata, Sw. Acacia Bancroftiana, DC. Prod. ii. 473,— Cesalpinia bijuga, Sw. Inga byrsinocarpa, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. exs., = Millettia ferruginea, Baker. Inga pterocarpa, DC. Prod. ii. 441, — Peltophorum ferrugineum, Benth. Inga unijuga, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 79, — Macrolobium limbatum, Spruce. NOMINA DELENDA. Supposed species, either resulting from the confusion of synonyms, or undescribed, or so described as not to be henceforth identified, although all with very little doubt founded on species already described under other names. A. Compound species. Mimosa vaga, Linn. Spec. 1503 (Acacia vaga, Willd. Spec. iv. 1063), was originally charscterized in Hort. Cliff. 209, from Albizzia Lebbek, to which was added the Brazilian Guaibi-pocaca-biba, which, from Piso's rude figure, copied by Marcgrave, comes nearest to Pithecolobium Saman. This, however, is scarcely Brazilian ; and Breynius’s plate 15, quoted more doubtfully by Linn:us, is evidently Pithecolobium Auaremotemo. Mimosa Ouyrarema, Aubl. Pl. Gui. 946 (Acacia Ouyrarema, DC. Prod. ii. 469), made up of references belonging to Pithecolobium filicifolium, and of a Cayenne plant undescribed, but represented among Aublet's by a leaf which may be that of Pithecolobium adiantifolium or some allied species. De Candolle's character is taken from a leaf which may or may not be taken from the same species. Mimosa Sinemariensis, Aubl. Pl. Gui. 945, made up of references belonging to Inga Feuillei and of some undescribed plant from Cayenne (where Inga Feuillei is unknown), of which no evidence exists. G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 388, still further confuses his Inga sinemariensis by mixing it up with what appears to be I. laurina. B. Speoses which there is every reason to believe are included amongst those above described, but of which I have seen no authentic specimens, and which are so imperfectly described as to render identification, generic or specific, otherwise impossible. y q rosopis elegans, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 165, from Brazil, Sello, may be Piptadenia rigida or . trisperma. Mimosa brevifolia and M. multiglandulosa, entered in Spreng. Syst. ii. 205, as Humboldt and Bonpland’s from South America, with short diagnoses. The whole of Humboldt's and Bonpland's specimens, in a sufficiently perfect state to admit of identification, and many very imperfect ones which ought to Gade ben. passed over, had been previously published either by Willdenow at Berlin or by Kunth at impossible to guess which of them Sprengel had in view under the above names. Paris; but it is Mimosa angulata, Spreng. Neu. Entd. ii. 158, M. emula, Spreng. Syst. ii. 206, M. میتی‎ Spreng py E. : , i Nomina delenda. | MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE a : E Pepo pa. A. setosa, Spreng. Syst. iii. 137, are all founded on Brazilian specimens collected dy : ges gota through complete sets of Sello's Brasilian Mimoses, which must have included the above species under different names; but Sprengel’s diagnoses are so short and deficient that I have been quite unable to identify even the genera of these five. So also Acacia Berteriana, Spreng. Syst. iii. 138, non Balb. (4. Sprengelii, G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 410, non Hook. et Arn.), from Jamaica: must be some Mimosea known under another name. Idid not find it in the Berterian collections named by Sprengel which I have seen. Mimosa aggregata, Pers. Syn. ii. 263, from East India, Herb. Juss., must be amongst the well-known East-Indian species ; but the diagnosis is insufficient to identify it. Acacia eriantha, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 68, supposed to be from East India; but the stations given for Desvaux's plants are not to be relied upon. The characters given do not agree with any known East- Indian species, and are wholly insufficient for identification with any others. I found no specimen in Desvaux’s herbarium. Albizzia macrothyrsa, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 281, from Sumatra, of which the fruit is unknown, is, from the description, most probably either Pithecolobium bubalinum, ov P. microcarpum, two species which without close comparison of specimens it is almost impossible to distinguish when in flower only. C. Species described from foliage only, without flowers or fruit, and which cannot be identified even where specimens are preserved. Others belonging to this class which have been approximatively determined, are mentioned under the species to which they are pro- bably referrible. Mimosa semispinosa, Linn. Spec. 1508 (Acacia semispinosa, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2) | Mimosa coronillefolia, M. guayaquilensis, M. lentiscifolia, M. rhodacantha, M. rhombifolia, and M. tri- nervis, Pers. Syn. ii. 263, 266 (Acacia coronillafolia, A. guayaquilensis, A. lentiscifolia, A. rhodacantha, A. rhombifolia, and A. trinervis, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 2. 207, 208). i : Acacia cassioides, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1051, and A. peruviana, Humb. et Bonpl. in es l. c. 1056, both belonging to one species as far as can be judged of by the young foliage. Acacia ciliata and A. patula, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. enis Mimosa indica, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. 80 (Acacia indica, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1814, i. 69). fion Ciis Mimosa fruticosa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 549, introduced into the PONE vetu eti A of which Acacia javanica, DC. Prod. ii. 471, is taken up from Gleditschia ee. " | . ii. 466, the foliage only is known. In Herb. DC. A. javanica is represented by ade ep ی‎ Acacia virescens, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 74, perhaps the same as Be ii. 3839 Acacia ambigua, A. .. en ge nemi and Inga forficata, Hoffmans. Verz. 71 di Sisi. Nom. Bot. I have not seen zen "ig > Nat. ser. 1, ix. 427. The specimen I saw looked like that of som Mimosa nepalensis, (A. Hoffmanseggii, DC.), A. prismati Dresd. Gart., all taken up in DC. Pro Inga molliuscula, Desv. in Ann. Se. Calliandra. Inga dubia, I. mollis, and 1. attenuata, Grah. ! in e das Inga ventricosa, Grah. ! in Wall. Cat. Herb. Ind. n. 5266, probably to different species. Adenanthera polita, Miq. Fl. Mig. J. c. 27, A. splendens, Mig. fagifolium, Miq. l. c. i. pars i. 35, Suppl. 283, from Sumatra, is said Pithecolobium or Albizzia. | Herb. Ind. n. 5274, 5275, 5276. represented by mere fragments, belonging ta : iq. 4. c. 26, A. rubiginoso, : “arg رز‎ 47. Albizzia meluecana, Mig. RR? = gi 22 2 y acradena, Mig. 1. c. Suppl. 281, and P u cwm ¿ E PUPP mer) me و‎ 9 Pithecolobium oppositum, Maq. /. ۰ all from the Malayan archipelago. i . ot observed in any opposite, which I have not o 3 to have the upper leaves oppost 638 MR..G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE. [.Nomina delenda. D. Species entered into travels, garden catalogues, etc. by name only, without diagnoses or description, and yet taken up by Steudel and others. Mimosa semicordata, Mimosa glandulosa, Acacia Jurema, Mart. Reise, analysis is given of the bark. Acacia curvift Acacia Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40 (Acacia semicordata, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2). Chr. Smith in Tuck. Congo, 249, from the Cape-Verd Islands. ii. 788, Syst. Mat. Med. Fl. Bras. 53, is not described, although a chemical olia, Bonpl., A. coccinea, Link, and A. semitriptera, Mart., all in Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, hirla, A. lucens, and A. habbasioides, Boj. Hort. Maurit. 115, 116, from Madagascar. Acacia viarum, Allem. ; Ten. Cat. Ort. Napol. 77, raised from Brazilian seed. Mimosa Barclayana, Loud., Acacia fuscata, A. Jacarande, and Inga afzelioides, Lodd., Acacia Lawsoni and A. persoonoides, Ait., Acacia heteromalla, A. guilandinefolia, A. leucoloba, A. platyphylla, and A. Richardsoni, Sweet, and Inga pulcherrima, Cerv., all entered either in Loudon's or in Sweet's Hortus Britannicus. Acacia tuberosa, Sterl. in Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. The following determinations of a few numbered collections more or less generally dis- tributed may be found useful :— Pithecolobium fascioninkum: Parkia Roxburghii. Pithecolobium borneense. Adenanthera pavonina. Acacia pennata. Pithegolobium lobatum. Pithecolobium subacutum. Acacia pennata. Acacia concinna. Albizzia retusa. Entada scandens. Acacia polystachya ? Acacia polystachya ? Acacia dimidiata. Beccari: Borneo. 2751 Pithecolobium montanum. 3060 Pithecolobium lobatum. 3072 Adenanthera pavonina. 3084 Parkia Roxburghii. Cuming: Philippines. 1261 Mimosa pudica. 1372 Mimosa pudica. 1499 Acacia cæsia. 1563. Albizzia procera. ¿-1592 Serianthes grandiflora. 1593 Albizzia retusa. Schultz: Port Darwin. 359 Acacia Simsii. 378 Acacia binervata. 380 Neptunia gracilis. 415 Aeacia holosericea. 432 Acacia tumida. ۰ Watticn’s East-INDIAN CATALOGUE. 5230 Acacia modesta. 5231 Dichrostachys cinerea. 5232 Acacia latronum, 5233 Albizzia procera. ASIATIC AND AUSTRALIAN COLLECTIONS. Pithecolobium borneense ۱ Pithecolobium montanum, VAR. Pitheeolobium Clypearia. Pithecolobium lobatum. Adenanthera pavonina. Entada scandens. Pithecolobium lobatum. Malacca Neptunia oleracea. Acacia humifusa. Neptunia gracilis. Acacia polystachya. Acacia plectocarpa ? Acacia oneinocarpa ? Acacia holosericea. Albizzia odoratissima. Albizzia Julibrissin, var. A 1 bizzia = d zzia stipulata. Albizzia stipulata. D" ند‎ uw ee = m Zu E E au 4-0 9 E MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 639 5238 Albizzia amara. 5260 Acacia pennata. 5280 Pithecolobium lobatum. 9 Leucena glauca. ° 5261 Acacia leucophloea. 5281 Pithecolobium bigeminum. 5240 Leucæna glauca. 5262 Acacia leucophloa. 5282 Pithecolobium dulce. —— 5241 Albizzia myriophylla. 5263 Acacia leucophlæa. 5283 Pithecolobium contortum. 5242 Albizzia myriophylla. 5264 Acacia farnesiana. 5284 Pithecolobium contortum. 5243 Albizzia stipulata 5265 Albizzia Lebbek 5985 Serianthes grandiflora. 5244 Acacia lenticularis 5266 Fragmenta sp. dubi. 5286 Calliandra geminata. 5245 Acacia latronum. 5267 Albizzia lucida. 5287. Pithecolobium umbellatum. 5246 Acacia arabica. 5267 Pithecolobium bigeminum. 5288 Parkia Roxburghii. 5247 Acacia tomentosa. 5268 Pithecolobium fasciculatum.. 5289 Mimosa rubicaulis, 5248 Acacia Intsia 5269 Pithecolobium bigeminum. 5290 Mimosa hamata. 5249 Acacia Intsia . 5270 Pithecolobium Clypearia 5291 Mimosa latispinosa. 5250 Acacia concinna 5270 Pithecolobium angulatum 5292 Mimosa pudica. 5251 Acacia concinna. 5271 Pithecolobium angulatum. 5293 Entada scandens. 5252 Acacia Intsia. 5272 Pithecolobium bubalinum. 5294 Entada scandens. 5953 Acacia Intsia. 5973 Calliandra umbrosa. 5295 Neptunia oleracea. 5954 Acacia pennata. 5974 Folia sp. dubie. 5296 Desmanthus triqueter. 5255 Acacia pluricapitata. 5975 Folia sp. ۰ 5297 Desmanthus virgatus 5256 Aeacia Intsia. 5276 Folia sp. dubie 5298 N plena. 5257 Acacia Intsia. 5277 Xylia dolabriformis 5299 Prosopis spicigera. 5258 Acacia pennata. 5278 Xylia dolabriformis. 5300 Adenanthera pavonina. 5959 Albizzia amara. 5279 Xylia dolabriformis. SOUTH -AMERICAN COLLECTIONS. Appun: British Guiana. x £ d 899 Pithecolobium adiantifolium. 15 Mimosa polydactyia. d Miaka i ^ 1611 Pithecolobium cauliflorum. 33 Pentaclethra filamentosa. 373 Inga n 1844 Piptadenia peregrina. "19 i 386 vag apo UD p 319 Calliandra surinamensis i 2043 Mimosa asperata. 333 Pithecolobinm adiantifolium. |. 400 m Thibaudian Blanchet : : Brazil. dons Timbouva. 3319 Inga marginata. — 864 Inga ciliata. 2762 Enterolobium er 3327 Enterolobium ellipticum. 2764 as caulınorum. 299 Inga subnuda. موم مضه‎ un 3338 Inga ey ond 282 Inga bullata. 3 ium Blancheti. 3375. Plathymenia foliolosa, 397 Stryphnodendron floribundum. d : z سیم‎ 3 3408 ar rotundi- 1551 Piptadenia laxa e 1596 Pithecolobium flamentosun, 2833 pteridifolia. 3423 ناسوت‎ dumosum. 1602 Piptadenia laxa. 2850 Minos phala 3432 Pithecolobium dumosum. - 1684 Affonsea densiflora rien یز‎ i 3679, Mimosa Blancheti. 1832 fagifolia. 2 a ۹ اب ی‎ 3680 Inga cylindrica. 1848 Pithecolobium polycephalum. 2870 : tadenia moniliformis 3681 Pithecolobium corymbosum. dra Blancheti. 3800 Piper -3683_ Calliandra calycina. 2584 Calliandra Mimosa rhodostachya. 2597 Mimosa cordistipula. 2912 adiana. 3685. Pithecolobium foliolosum. nis, 3018 Inga Thibo 3686 Piptadenia laxa. 2620 Calliandra visek Affonsea 'hotian 30804 j "Mimosa subenervis. 2632 Inga Blanc Acacia riparia. bium dive en. 30834 3708 Acacia. 2670 Pithecolobium رو‎ Piptadenia laxa. tha. ‘ odesta. 10824 3772 Acacia monacan 2697 Mimosa mo batt Inga subnuda. bostim. ia plena 30834 : 3119 Pithesolobium corymoos: 2700 Neptunia plene . ^ i 3136 Pithecolobium foliolosum. 3900 Calliandra depauperata. 2701 Piptadenia moniliformus. 3295 Piptadenia Blancheti. 2756 Pithecolobium. gister: 3315 Calliandra axillaris. 2761 Ren colubr ۰9 Se 4 0 VOL. XXX. ae SS E ANA A 640 3379 Pithecolobium lusorium. Pithecolobium lusorium. ia communis Mimosa sepiaria. Mimosa Velloziana. Acacia velutina. Mimosa elliptica. Piptadenia latifolia. Pithecolobium Auaremotemo. Piptadenia colubrina. Acacia glomerosa. | Mimosa elliptica. Mimosa elliptica. Acacia lacerans. Acacia glomerosa. Acacia lacerans. Inga barbata. Inga Luschnathiana. Acacia velutina. Mimosa Velloziana. Pithecolobium ۳۳ Inga fagifolia, var. Burchell: Brazil. 4626 Piptadenia communis. 4672 Mimosa sepiaria. 4705-14 Mimosa Selloi. 4724-2 Mimosa sepiaria. 4749 Mimosa dolens. 4758 Piptadenia colubrina. 4762-2 Mimosa Selloi. 4779 Pithecolobium Langsdorfii. 4844 Acacia grandistipula. 4909 Stryphnodendron Barbadeti- mam 4934 Acacia مان‎ 5028 Mimosa conferta. 5096 Piptadenia falcata. 5103 Stryphnodendron Barbadeti- mam. 5174 Enterolobium ellipticum. 5176 Mimosa rixosa. 5233 Piptadenia falcata. 5235 Piptadenia falcata. 5253 Enterolobium ellipticum, 5309 Leucena glauca. 5346 Enterolobium ellipticum. 5452 Mimosa melanocarpa 5479 Piptadenia falcata. 5485 Mimosa dolens. 5581-2 Stryphnodendron sis timam, 5600 Stryphnodendron Rn lum. 5686 Mimosa paucifolia. 5705 Calliandra macrocephala. 5736 Mimosa densa. 5747-2 Stryphnodendron Barbadeti- mam. 5809 Enterolobium ellipticum. 5835 Inga insignis. 5913 Calliandra parviflora. 5913-2 Mimosa Clausseni. 5941 Mimosa Clausseni. 5968 Mimosa paludosa. 5974 Inga fagifolia. 6020 Piptadenia peregrina. 6022 Mimosa setosa. 6053 Calliandra virgata. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. 6066 Mimosa radula. 6081 Calliandra parviflora 6088 Mimosa levigata. 6089 Plathymenium reticulatum. 6114 Mimosa axillaris. 6121 Mimosa invisa. 6130-2. Mimosa سس‎ 6170 Mimosa multipinna. 6196 Mimosa gracilis. 6204 Mimosa rudis. 6232 Calliandra mertensioides, var. 6287 Piptadenia macrocarpa. 6315 Calliandra parviflora. 6329 Acacia glomerosa. 6399 Plathymenia reticulata. 6482 Calliandra parviflora. 6488 Mimosa distans. 6538 Calliandra longipes. 6626 Acacia glomerosa. 6657 Mimosa brachycarpa. 6670 Mimosa neuroloma. 6681 Mimosa Gardneri. 6700-4 Desmanthus depressus. 6700-14 Mimosa multipinna. 6700-15 Mimosa Gardneri. 6715-2 Calliandra microphylla. 6739 Mimosa vestita, 6779 Mimosa vestita. 6790 Mimosa neuroloma. 6848 Mimosa Clausseni. 6882-2 Mimosa vestita. 6942 Mimosa Velloziana. 6951 Mimosa Clausseni. 6967 Plathymenium reticulatum. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 641 7526 Calliandra surinamensis. Mimosa concinna. Mimosa Clausseni. Mimosa foliolosa. Inga affinis. Mimosa hirsuta. Calliandra macrocephala. Calliandra myriophylla. - Mimosa asperata. Mimosa Clausseni. Mimosa macrocephala. 7704 Mimosa densa, var. 7702-2 Mimosa macrocephala. 7713 Mimosa scabrella ? 7724: Mimosa melanocarpa. 7197 Mimosa lasiocarpa. 7802 Mimosa longipes. 7834 Mimosa vestita. 7834-2 Mimosa longipes. 7862-2 Mimosa macrocephala. 7983 Piptadenia colubrina. 8003 Calliandra Gardneri. 8007 Calliandra macrocephala. 8025 Mimosa nitens. 8048 Mimosa asperata. . 8075-2 Calliandra macrocephala. 8077 Mimosa nitens. 67 Inga spectabilis. 87 Pithecolobium latifolium. 88 Pithecolobium latifolium. 195 Pithecolobium Saman. 264 Inga villosissima. 7 Acacia tamarindifolia. 333 Acacia riparia. 334 Acacia riparia. 342 Mimosa asperata. 343 Mimosa pudica. ; Mimosa tovarensis. 345 Acacia riparia. 347 Acacia farnesiana. 348 Acacia tortuosa. „349, Mimosa floribunda, var. ? Leucsena trichodes. 651 Acacia paniculata. 8618 8698-2 Plathymenium retieulatum. 8148-2 Mimosa distans. 8161 Calliandra parviflora. ` 8162 Acacia Martii. 8183 Mimosa Burchellii. 8192 Mimosa bijuga. 8193 Mimosa hirsuta. 8199 Mimosa hirsuta. 8200 Mimosa barbigera. 8201 Mimosa angusta. 8219 Mimosa angusta. 8244 Mimosa brachycarpa. 8247 Mimosa cinerea 8343 St [9 A obovatum. 8402 Plathymenia foliolosa. 8481 Schrankia leptocarpa. 8535 Inga affinis. 8541 Enterolobium ellipticum. 8573 Mimosa asperata. Mimosa somnians, var. 8687 Mimosa desmodioides. 8711 Mimosa glomerosa. 8899 Mimosa viscida. 8949 Mimosa mierophylla 8962 Pithecolobium glomeratum. 9003 Mimosa apodocarpa. 9011 Mimosa viscida. 9095 Mimosa asperata. 9048 Mimosa invisa. 9109 Inga velutina. 9214 Mimosa polycarpa. 9263 Inga strigillosa. 9267 Inga heterophylla. Fendler : Panama. 89 Inga punctata, var Y Pithecolobium latifolium. 9L Mimosa Velloziana. Fendler: Venezuela. 352 Calliandra falcata. 353 Calliandra laxa. 354 Calliandra laxa. 355 Calliandra caracasana. 356 Calliandra tetragona. 951 Desmanthus depressus. “358. Calliandra gracilis. : 359 Mimosa arenosa inermis. Mimosa arenosa aculeata. 360 361 Fiptsdenia orn g 362 Acacia Inga (Erstodiana. Inga villosissima 365 Inga inditas. 9331 Pentaclethra filamentosa. 9341 Entada polyphylla. filamentosa. 9427 Pepe cochleatum. Inga virgultosa. 9448 Pithecolobium trapezifolium. 9467 Inga nitida. 9482 Calliandra surinamensis, 9505-2 Pithecolobium eochleatum. 9521 Mimosa asperata. 9522 Schrankia leptocarpa. 9541-2 Acacia farnesiana. 9599 Mimosa sensitiva. 9610 Inga Salzmanniana. 9610 Inga edulis. 9614 Inga nitida. 9626 Inga heterophylla. 9656 Parkia pendula. 9672 Pithecolobium trapezifolium. 9718 Inga Thibaudiana. 9731 Inga heterophylla. 9772 Mimosa somnians. 9871 Pentaclethra filamentosa. 9970-2 Calliandra surinamensis. 10021-7 Mimosa sensitiva. 10040 Mimosa casta. 10068 Inga edulis. 10084 Pithecolobium corymbosum. 10091 Inga velutina. Mimosa pudica. 97 (or 67?) Inga spectabilis. 98 Mimosa asperata. 366 Inga panamensis. 367 Inga marginata. 368 Inga punctata. 369 Inga punctata. 370 Schrankia leptocarpa. 371 Pithecolobium tortum. 372 Pithecolobium unguis-cati. 379 Pithecolobium dulce. 458 Inga Lindeniana. 59. Mimosa debilis. 1800 ٩ Pithecolobium Saman. 1867, Mimosa polycarpa. 1868 Mimosa camporum. 1869 Calliandra laxa, var. 402 642 1870. Mimosa Cabrera. 1878 Pithecolobium tortum. 1874. Piptadenia peregrina. 187 1875 Pithecolobium ligustrinum. 2244 Mimosa schrankioides. 2245 Mimosa spiciflora. 2246 Prosopis juliflora. 22 et 23 Calliandra Harrisii. 201 Inga affinis. 359 Acacia recurva. 360 Acacia adherens. 361 Acacia grandistipula. 362 Inga barbata. 363 Inga sessilis. 364 Stryphnodendron polyphyl- lum 365 Inga 2 750 Inga bullata. " 751 Inga maritima. 889 Mimosa pudica. 89] Leucena glauca. 977 Acacia farnesiana. 978 Piptadenia communis. 979 Mimosa sepiaria. 980 Mimosa polydactyla. 981 (v. 982) Mimosa sensitiva. 982 (v. 981) Desmanthus virgatus. Mimosa asperata. Inga fagifolia. 985 Inge affinis var Pithecolobium Saman. Acacia paniculata. Enterolobium Timbouva. Desmartthus virgatus. Calliandra umbellifera. Parkia polycephala. Albizzia Lebbek. Inga nutans. 624 Mimosa sepiaria. Enterolobium Schomburgkii. Stryphnodendron floribundum. 2248 2249 Acacia macracantha. Entada polystachya. Pithecolobium tortum. Pithecolobium tortum. Calliandra Seemanni. Calliandra C. laxee aff. Calliandra laxa, var. Gardner: Brazil. Inga fagifolia. Piptadenia macrocarpa. Mimosa asperata. Mimosa leptantha. Mimosa rhodostachya. Mimosa malacocentra. Plathymenia foliolosa. Acacia glomerosa. Acacia paniculata. Mimosa paludosa. Piptadenia communis. Stryphnodendron rotundi- folium. Pithecolobium dumosum. Mimosa ursina. Mimosa bijuga. Mimosa misera. Calliandra leptopoda. Piptadenia moniliformis. Pithecolobium diversifolium. Calliandra umbellifera. Calliandra abbreviata. Pitheeolobium multiflorum. Piptadenia biuncifera. Mimosa sericantha. Mimose sp. dubia. Mimosa polycephala. Glaziou: Brazil. Pitheeolobium Auaremotemo Piptadenia contorta. Mimosa rhodostachya. Inga lenticellata. Inga Luschnathiana. : Katina Inga pula. Pithecolobium longiflorum. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEÆ. ES m 7 86 Calliandra Fendleri. : Enterolobium cyclocarpum. ` y Inga spuria. : Inga Fendleriana. E Inga (Erstediana. = Mimosa sericantha, Enterolobium ellipticum. Calliandra abbreviata. Calliandra Gardneri. Calliandra macrocephala. Calliandra parviflora. Mimosa angusta. Mimosa barbigera. Mimosa lupulina. Mimosa Gardneri, var. Calliandra Gardneri. Mimosa invisa Mimosa goyazensis. Mimosa leiocephala. Mimosa discolor. Mimosa pteridifolia. iandra dysantha. Mimosa pogocephala. Mimosa calodendron, var. Mimosa aurivillus. Calliandra bracteosa. Calliandra bracteosa. Calliandra foliolosa. Inga flagelliformis. Piptadenia peregrina. Inga nutans. Piptadenia latifolia. Mimosa Glazioui. Pithecolobium longiflorum. Inga Sellowiana, var. Affonsea bullata. Inga flagelliformis. Inga capitata. Affonsea juglandifolia. Inga lenticellata. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. Inga fagifolia. Piptadenia laxa, . Piptadenia polyptera. Piptadenia macrocarpa. Piptadenia colubrina et Mimosa sepiaria. Pithecolobium polycephalum, Inga Burgoni. Pithecolobium glomeratum. Mimosa myriadena. Inga sciadion. Calliandra surinamensis. Pithecolobium cauliflorum. Pithecolobium corymbosum. Inga sertulifera. Inga capitata. Pithecolobium cauliflorum. Pithecolobium corymbosum. Albizzia Lebbek. Coll. I. Mimosa distans. Mimosa insidiosa. Mimosa conferta et M. tre- Acacia farnesiana. pina. weds brevipes. Coll. II. Enterolobium Timbouva. Mimosa Regn 5834 Piptadenia communis. 5835 Acacia lacerans, 5836 Acacia glomerosa. 5887 Pithecolobium incuriale. 5838 Desmanthus virgatus. 5839 Mimosa malacocentra. 5841 Mimosa Velloziana, var. Hostmann : Surinam. 479 Pithecolobium trapezifolium. 587. N eptunia plena. 627 Mimosa pudica. 667 Neptunia plena. 676 Inga splendens. 685 Inga ingoides. 708 Inga splendens. 807 Inga Thibaudiana. 813 Mimosa camporum, var 830 Inga nobilis. 858 Inga scabriuscula. 884 Inga ingoides. 887 Inga scabriuscula. 971 Inga nobilis. Regnell: Brazil. 94. Acacia polyphylla. 94* Acacia glomerosa. 499 Mimosa 499* Mimosa nite. 500 Mimosa incana. 501 Mimosa tremula. 502 Mimosa neuroloma. 508 Mimosa subsericea. Robert Schomburgk : Guiana and Brazil, 1st coll. 487 487 Pithecolobi 88 ۶ 5 6 604 643 Mimosa invisa. Mimosa pudica. Pithelocobium lusorium, var. Acacia Miersii. Mimosa Glazioui. Pithecolobium Langsdorfii. Inga Burgoni. Parkia nitida, Pentaclethra filamentosa. Inga acrocephala, Inga setifera, Pithecolobium cauliflorum. Pithecolobium corymbosum., Inga heterophylla. . Mimosa debilis. Mimosa debilis. Pithecolobium multiflorum. Pithecolobium adiantifolium. Inga Burgoni. Mimosa furfuracea. Mimosa paucifolia. Stryphnodendron Barbadeti- 644. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 848 Mimosa sensitiva. 874 Enterolobium Schomburgkii. 973 Parkia discolor cum foliis 852 Acacia riparia. 903 Mimosa invisa. Heterostemonis mimosoidis. 852 Piptadenia peregrina. 917 Mimosa myriadena. 866 Piptadenia peregrina. 931 Schrankia leptocarpa. Robert and Richard Schomburgk : Guiana, 2d coll. Rob. S. Rich. S. Rob. S. Rich. $. Rob. S. Rich. S. 31 Inga nobilis. 387 = 353 Pithecolobium adianti- 586 = 959 Inga setifera. 62 Inga nobilis. folium. 663 — 994 Pithecolobium ferru- 70 Pithecolobinm glo- 396 — 493 Piptadenia peregrina. gineum, meratum. 469 — 758 Pithecolobium glome- 695—1080 Inga bracteosa. 72 Inga coruscans. ۳ 751=1400 Inga myriantha, var 105 = 53 Pentaclethra filamen- 470 = 765 Mimosa schrankioides. 756=1396 Inga graciliflora tosa. : 490 = 756 Pithecolobium multi- 799-1483 Stryphnodendron 114 — 160 Pithecolobium corym- florum. guianense. um. 493 — 763 Acacia polyphylla. 810—1427 Inga sertulifera. 124 — 50 Inga pezizifera. 494 = 767 Entada polystachya. | 822=1415 Pithecolobium ine- 158 2 99 Pithecolobium glome- 495 = 768 Acacia riparia, quale. ratum. 508 — 788 Mimosa pudica. 829=1391 Inga leiocalycina. 188 = 180 Pithecolobium cauli- 524 = 814 Mimosa microcephala. 831=1423 Inga spuria v.L.affinis? florum. x 525 = 824 Pithecolobium poly- 839=1419 Inga nobilis. 214 Inga coruscans. cephalum. 852=1474 Mimosa myriadena. 299 = 586 Acacia paniculata. 571 = 806 et 1419 Calliandra 918=1443 Inga fagifolia. 313 = 497 Mimosa Schomburgkii. laxa. 380 = 645 Mimosa Selloi? Spruce: Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador. 233 Mimosa camporum, var. 813 Inga heterophylla. 1240 Mimosa invisa. 236 Inga nobilis. 816 Neptunia oleracea. 1264 Inga scabriuscula 243 Mimosa asperata. 820 Mimosa myriadena. . 1828 Pithecolobium inzequale. 245 Pithecolobium trapezifolium. 828 Piptadenia peregrina. 1 Inga heterophylla. 246 Inga alba. 882 Pithecolobium parvifolium. 1336 Pithecolobium adiantifolium. 249 Acacia farnesiana. 910 Inga microcalyx. 1404 Pithecolobium divaricatum. 252 Entada polyphylla. 917 Pithecolobium cauliflorum. 1409 Inga lateriflora. 253 Inga sertulifera. 960 Pithecolobium corymbosum. 1418 Inga obtusata. 254 Pentaclethra filamentosa. 962 Inga edulis. 1434 Inga stipularis. 259 Calliandra surinamensis. 973 Inga speciosa. 1473 Parkia oppositifolia. 263 Mimosa sensitiva. 976 Mimosa Velloziana. 1534 Acacia polyphylla. 284 Mimosa asperata. 977 Inga mieroealyx. 1554 Inga scabriuscula. 389 Calliandra tenuiflora. 1016 Inga eylindrica. 1555 Inga nobilis. 416 Mimosa myriadena. 1023 Inga lateriflora. 1586 Calliandra scutellifera. 433 Mimosa asperata. 1076 Inga alba. 1638 Neptunia oleracea. 447 Schrankia leptocarpa. 1073 Parkia pendula. 1651 Inga cinnamomea 484 Inga longiflora. 1088 Pithecolobium niopoides. 1058 --Pithécolobium روما‎ ) 494 Acacia paniculata. 1100: Inga marginata. 1665 Inga setifera. 518 Mimosa orthoc 1108 Inga dumosa. 1681 E tada lyphylla. 529 Stryphnodendron flori- 111 1 un. )undum 112 یپ وت‎ Lacer Tora sN . 6 Pithecolobium latifolium. er Parkia discolor. 1164 Schrankia leptocarpa. gus موس نی‎ -— red ee aes 1165 Mimosa Spruceana. 1694 Pithecolobium divaricatum. ecolobi n an 1197 Mimosa asperata. 160% Aín: 730 Mimosa somnians. 1208 Parkia auriculata. ۱ 1706 Inga myriantha. | m 1218 ARTE flori: 1706* Inga micradenia. i | 1717 Pithecolobiura glomeratum. 1228 Calliandra ESS 1750 Inga scabriuscula. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. Inga strigillosa. Piptadenia peregrina. Inga rufinervis. Pithecolobium auriculatum. Pithecolobium Spruceanum. Inga dysantha Enterolobium Schomburgkii. Pithecolobium amplum. hnodendron flori- bundum. setifera. Pithecolobium unifoliolatum. Mimosa rufescens. Mimosa myriadena. Pithecolobium cauliflorum. Pithecolobium claviflorum. Inga scabriuseula. Pithecolobium inequale. Pithecolobium microcalyx. Inga alba. Pithecolobium letum. Mimosa punc Pithecolobium panurense. Pithecolobium corymbosum. Inga plumifera. Pithecolobium floribundum. Parkia panurensis. Pithecolobium mierocalyx. Pithecolobium leucophyllum. Pithecolobium acatlense. Acacia acatlensis. Mimosa polyantha. Acacia filicina glabrata. Mimosa biuncifera. 805 Piptadenia uaupensis. = 7 Pithecolobium claviflorum. 2886 Pithecolobium cauliflorum. 2893 Mimosa annularis, 2925 Pithecolobium lindsesfolium. 2968 Pithecolobium glomeratum. 2977 Inga negrensis. 3060 Mimosa microcephala. 3096 Mimosa rufescens. 3097 .Inga speciosa, 3183 Mimosa myriadena. 3187 Inga nobilis. 3320 Pithecolobium marginatum. 3329 Pithecolobium simabæfolium. 3364 Pithecolobium corymbosum. Pithecolobium trapezifolium. 3414 Pithecolobium longiflorum. 3478 Calliandra trinervia. 3561 Inga heterophylla. 3626 Mimosa microcephala. 3627 Mimosa microcephala. 3654 Mimosa tomentosa. 3664 Inga splendens. 3673 Pithecolobium cauliflorum. 3786 Pithecolobium longiflorum. 3788 Inga laterifolia. 3795 Inga fagifolia. 4112 Pithecolobinm maerophyllum. 4126 Inga stenoptera. 4185 Pithecolobium Mathewsi. 4221 Inga tarapotensis. 4235 Calliandra bombycina. NorTH-AMERICAN COLLECTIONS. Andrieux: Mexico. 400 Mimosa mollis. 401 Calliandra malacophylla. 402 Mimosa floribunda. 403 Lysiloma tergemina. Berlandier : Mexico and Texas. 779 Acacia Coulteri. 807 Leucena pulverulenta. 815 Mimosa ylla Acacia flexicaulis. Leucena pulverulenta. Mim 4405 4407 4408 6382 645 Pithecolobium Saman. Pithecolobium polycephalum. Acacia glomerosa, var. Calliandra angustifolia, Acacia paniculata. Calliandra amazonica. Inga Pavoniana. Inga pyenostachya. Acacia polyphylla, Piptadenia pteroclada. Acacia farnesiana. Inga I. diademati aff. Inga heterophylla. Inga stenocalyx. Inga Thibaudiana, var. Calliandra amazonica, Inga longipes. Calliandra M. Calliandra glyphoxyla. Mimosa quitensis. Mimosa andina. Acacia macracantha. Pithecolobium excelsum. Pithecolobium daullense. Desmanthus virgatus, var. Mimosa floribunda. Calliandra eriophylla. Neptunia plena. Entada polystachya. Acacia amentacea. 646 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 2199 Acacia Coulteri. 2346 Acacia flexicaulis. 3145_ Mimosa M. monancistre aff. 2227 Leucena pulverulenta. 2370 Pithecolobium brevifolium. 3146 Mimosa Berlandieri. 2235 Mimosa malacophylla glabra. ^ 2465. Desmanthus depressus. 3147 Pitheeolobium albicans. 2251 Mimosa M. monancistre aff, 2510 Acacia filicina. 3148 Acacia micrantha. 2262 Acacia flexicaulis. 2513 Schrankia aculeata. 3149 Acacia Wrightii. 2288 Leucsena pulverulenta. -. 8002 Mimosa strigillosa. 3150 Acacia Wrightii. 2302 Mimosa 9144 Lysiloma desmostachya. 3151 Acacia filieina. 2338. Acacia farnesiana, ADDENDA. 1. FossiL 0۰ In the prefatory matter to the present paper I have made no reference to any fossil remains of Mimoseæ; for at the time of drawing it up I had no ready means of ascer- taining what evidence on the subject had been supplied by paleontologists, and I had not yet heard from Professor Schimper, who had kindly promised to communicate with me on the subject. Since, however, the early sheets of this paper were printed off, the third volume of his magnificent work on Vegetable Paleontology has reached us; and in it I find that a number of supposed fossil Mimosee from the Central-European Tertiary are described and figured, and referred severally to the genera Prosopis, Inga, Entada, Mimosa, and Acacia. The great majority of the species so determined are founded on impressions of leaves only ; and these I pass entirely over ; for although without collateral evidence it is impossible to deny that they may belong to the genera in question, it is equally impossible to affirm that they do so belong; for none of them show forms or venation exclusively characteristic of any of these genera. I thus see no reason to con- clude on this evidence that any Inga, Mimosa, or Phyllodineous Acacia was in any part of the Tertiary period an inhabitant of that part of Europe, when other evidence would tend to an opposite conclusion. With regard to Prosopis, the presumption that it might have been there is to my mind neither confirmed nor refuted by the fossil impressions described as Prosopis leaflets. On the other hand, those fruits of which so many excellent impressions are figured by Schimper, point to species of Acacia, Entada, and perhaps Albizzia, very similar to those now found in Africa—a case analogous to that of the Podogonium, of which specimens so very perfect have been preserved as to enable us satisfactorily to identify it as closely allied to some African Ceesalpineous genera not yet quite extinct. t Descending to particulars, the fruits figured by Schim r, : and 13, all referred to Acacia, are probably die. وت‎ cte im a of the groups Gummifere and Vulgares, both of which are at the we da fun in Africa. Fig. 4, indeed, if the leaves of figs. 1 and 9 really bel y d A p near to the A. Catechu of the present day. The pods, figs. 20 ae sut i e = Mimose ; but if I had had such pods shown tomeina fresh state I should x 70 Dod them without hesitation to Acacia. Fig. 20 is exceedin ly lik th | 2 SR from the United States, 37 se the pod of 4... cquetnicta and very near to that of a few very narrow-fruited Gummiferous MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE ۰ 647 Acacie of Africa, as well as to some of the Australian. Phyllodinese. Fig. 21 is very like the pod of several Acacie of the group Vulgares, which, when rotting, often break up irregularly, as shown in the drawing. Both are very unlike any Mimosa-pods known to me. In this genus the lines separating the articles of the valve are always quite straight, and at right angles to the margin. Figs. 8 and 9, referred to Acacia, are more like the pods of some species of Cassia. Figs. 23 and 24 may represent Albizzia-pods. Fig. 22 may be an Entada, as determined, though not any recent species; but it is also nearly as much like some Ormosia pods. Both these genera are still represented in Africa. 2. SPECIES NOVA ET SYNONYMA OMISSA. The following are either synonyms accidentally overlooked, or supposed new species of which the descriptions have reached me since the present paper has been in the printer's hands. I have not seen specimens of any of them. P. 365, after Adenanthera Bonplandiana, add : Prosopis Bonplandiana, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 165. P. 373, PIPTADENIA PEREGRINA. REL Acacia trichophylloides, Macfad. Fl. Jam. 320, is referred by Grisebach to Albizzia Julibrissin : but Macfadyen's detailed description is totally at variance with that tree, and agrees well with Piptadenia peregrina, to which also belongs the synonym he quotes, Acacia angustiloba, DC. P. 400, MIMOSA MARGINATA. | : Mimosa prostrata of the Berlin gardens has been now described as new by Regel in Descr. Pl. Nov. ii. 21 (from the Memoirs (Trudi) of the Imp. Bot. Gard. St. Petersb.), without comparing it with the M. mar- ginata, and wrongly referring it to the Caste. P. 414, MIMOSA GUATEMALENSIS. ; Inga EUR, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech., is by mistake quoted as Acacia guatemalensis. P. 442, LEUCJENA FORSTERI. i Acacia insularum (not A. glandulosa), Guillem. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 2, vii. 360. P. 458, after ACACIA CEDROIDES. A ul a à ` A. SPONDYLOPHYLLA, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 243. Patentim pilosula, m Ev lodia in vertieillo plurima, 4-8 lin. longa, ی ین‎ da ua e omis ie x ; s 4 lobatus. e * e 2, ollicem usque longi. Calyx tenuissimus, "u: : : eds pen 34 lin. latum, undulato-crispum, nec lignescens nee striatum Hab. Central Australia. ! ۱ IOMORPHA. E0 i lodiis ویس او وی‎ E F Muell. Fragm. viii. 226. Stipule ag Ber æquilongæ. Phyllodia orbieulari-rhombes, Ap tg eei stipitatum, ert neari-spathulata, corollæ trientem æquantia. Legumen (imma oblongum, planum. —. Hab. Central Australia. P. 477, after ACACIA SETULIFERS- — 'enuiter pubescens. Phyllodia glabra, A. MINUTIFOLIA, F. Muell. Fragm. vin. 249. Tenuiter p as VOL. XXX. 648 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. rhombeo-ovata, lateraliter rostellata, lineam longa, plurinervi-rugulosa. Calyx dentatus. Petala prominenter carinata. Legumen (immaturum) sessile, planum, 2-3-pollicare. Hab. Central Australia. P. 503, ACACIA SIEBERIANA. Prosopis dubia, Guill. et Perr. Fl. Seneg. 242. P. 557, CALLIANDRA HOUSTONI. | | Anneslea falcifolia, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 64. ۰ P. 562, ALBIZZIA LEBBEK. Pithecolobium Splitgerberianum, Miq.! Stirp. Surin. 5. : Acacia propinqua, A. Rich. Fl. Cub. i. 466 (var. foliolis subtus pubescentibus). P. 564, after ALBIZZIA CANESCENS. ' A. LITTORALIS, Teijsm. et Binnend. in Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. xxix. 259. Folia de- scripta fere Albizzie Lebbek var. foliolis subtus pubescentibus. Capitula pauciflora, pani- eulata, floribus sessilibus A. procere. Legumen semipedale. Hab. Amboyna. | ۱ 'This must be very near 4. procera, but is perhaps specifically distinct. P. 578, PITHECOLOBIUM UNGUIS-CATI. | P. guadalupense, Chapm. Fl. S. U. States, 116. Besides the numerous variations in the form and size of the leaflets in different specimens of this species, those of the fruiting specimens have often a much more coriaceous aspect than those of the flowering ones, NOTES ON PLATES LXVI. TO LXX. 'These Plates are not intended to illustrate the pods characteristic of the several genera of Mimoses (for they would have been too numerous), but to show the great diversity exhibited, not only in one and the same genus, but even in some of the most natural subordinate groups. ; : ' Plate LXVI. exhibits the pods of twenty-two species of Mimosa and Schrankia, the — two genera forming naturally a single one. "Their chief common character consists in the unity of the prominent margin or rim. It neither splits into two with the valves, as in the ease of most genera, nor separates transversely with the enclosed valves, as in the few species of 4cacia, Albizzia, and Pithecolobium which have a more or less articu- late pod. The seven species occupying the first row all belong to the section Zumimosa with isomerous stamens. M. floribunda is one of the commonest forms, although fre- quently more setose-aculeate, consisting usually of three or four very flat articles. M. dolens represents also the pod of a series of species, very convex, containing one or two seeds, and sometimes opening at the end only, the two articles scarcely marked ; and sometimes even the rim appears to split at the end. The remaining five are monetypió or nearly so. M. desmodioides, if seen alone, might, from its indumentum. as well as from its shape, be easily mistaken for a true Desmodium. M. glabra has i persistent nm nearly as broad as the enclosed valves, and the lines separating the articles dae oblique, which I have not observed in any other species of the genus. M. eriocarpa and MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. 649 M. furfuracea are like balls of wool, enclosing small, almost membranous pods, with one or two seeds, and are scarcely dehiscent. In the whole section there are very rarely above four seeds and articles, except in the six species forming the very distinct series Spiciflore, which might almost be regarded as a separate section, with the flowers of Eumimosa, the habit of Schrankia, and the pod of the subseries Schrankioidee of Hab- basia. One of them, M. myriadena, is figured in the lower row. The remainder of the Mimosa-pods figured are those of the section Habbasia, charac- terized by diplomerous stamens, and the pods most frequently, but not always, with more than four seeds and articles. The thin membranous pod of M. acantholoba and ` JM. platycarpa, the thick, convex, setose ones of M. brachycarpa and M. Clausseni, the rigid ones of M. flexuosa and M. adversa, and the flat, shining, rather coriaceous, reticu- late ones of M. andina do not break up transversally, and belonged to the section for- merly distinguished on that account under the name of Ameria; but as the fruits of more species become known, the distinction proved too artificial to be kept up. In M. borealis, M. dysocarpa, and a few others the valves fall away from the rim entire or broken into articles in the same specimen; and some species, with the reticulately veined pod of M. andina, when quite ripe, have oceasionally the transverse fissures between the seeds irrespective of venation. M. acantholoba and M. platycarpa, with almost identical pods, differ very much in habit and Il that of the one being elobose-capitate, that of the other a long and slender spike. ; apod - figured at the end of the last row do not differ as to the pod in M. Clausseni, except in its proportionate length and breadth. In habit they men i" removed from that species, but closely resemble M. Selloi, and still تون‎ proi vj here figured), both of which, as well as some others, had been presumed to Caran . i | almost as much a Mimosa till the pod became known. Sehrankia p yeye ا چ‎ tter of convenience as a Schrankia, and the latter genus is still retained more as a matter 0 nience than on strictly scientific giu pods of twenty-six out of above 270 species .and LXVIII. represent the ' Puer c : one of the most natural groups among Mimosez, of Australian Phyllodineous Acaciem, i in tural sections, and which it has been found hitherto impossible to beoi 7 soya and venation of which have therefore بو رم وه‎ ee e diversities in the t la into series which have no relation ۱ ^ sinon EE differences observable in the calyx m ae Plate LXVII. niños, connected with the variations s وین‎ us m otim are oylindsical or hose-capitate flowers; in those ol ۰ : attribut- d eril iis sida equally variable in both, without any general porrak " i e ,with the ridi ۱ ost ak either except that they are more — enit d ain of the spirally : ; nd apitate. i ۳ i. — ی‎ ors a to left or from left to right in the alias rá twisted pos, sha pela same pod; the three figured have very little in — at men, or po florescence, ealyx, or corolla. Many of the u cm ier rated by, a pithy substance, as in the Vachel ^ = Erud i in, or separa , ; urgid or thick a d em rene ‘again, whether with thin, flat and papery, OF 5 mifere ; but others, ees 650 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. woody valves, are entirely without the pith or pulp; and in no case can the nature of the pod be safely guessed at from the examination of a flowering specimen. ` Plates LXIX. and LXX. represent some of the pods of a series as natural as that of the Phyllodinee, the Gummifere, of which the majority are African but are also represented in Asia and America. Among these, 4. farnesiana (Pl. LXIX.) has been frequently pro- posed as a distinct genus, under the names of Vachellia, Farnesia and Aldina, on account of the seeds, although at first normally arranged, becoming, as the pod advances towards maturity, irregularly imbedded in a pithy substance filling the turgid pod. A similar arrangement will be observed in A. giraffe; and the pithy substance, although with a more regular arrangement of the seeds, is developed in A. macracantha and a few others, all of which agree also in the little annular bract under the flower-head being at the summit of the peduncle, instead of in the middle or lower down. This, however, appears quite insufficient to constitute a genus when there is nothing to distinguish it in habit, foliage, inflorescence, flowers, or seeds ; for the pods of A. macracantha show an approach to those of A. arabica (erroneously placed by Grisebach in Vachellia, for they are not pithy between the seeds); the pithy substance occurs in many Australian Phyllodinee without any eorresponding differences. Tt would be, moreover, very unnatural to place in two different genera A. giraffe aud A. hebeclada (figured immediately under it), two species very similar in every respect, even in the thick, turgid, oblong pod, merely on account of the pith, abundant in the one and absent in the other. ۱ For the A. macracantha, with turgid pods pithy inside, and A. arabica, with flat, though thickly coriaceous pods continuous inside, I have figured several specimens, showing the gradation from the deeply indented to the straight-edged forms observable in both species, differences which have induced many botanists to distinguish two species in the 4. arabica; but in the numerous specimens I have now seen from various parts of the wide area of the species, I have observed several intermediates between any two of the four forms figured, and in one borrowed specimen, returned before these plates were drawn, one half of the pod was deeply indenfed and the other half quite continuous. The pod of A. macracantha varies, moreover, from flat to almost eylindrieal—in the former case, however, usually dried before it is fully ripe. In Plate LXX. the first three pods of the upper half have their valves thick and some- what succulent, so that A. albida, seen without the flowers, has been more than once taken for a Prosopis with exceptionally exalbuminous seeds. In the lower: half the pods of A. latronum and A. abyssinica are quite flat, but coriaceous ; A. nubica the valves are convex; in A. eburnea from India, and 4. constricta from Texas, the pods elosely resemble those of a large proportion of Australian Phyllodinee. I have not figured any of the Acacie Vulgares ; Bury ی‎ a mors indy An RN ee of Piptadenia of which the sia so different ur "nm — Er , dee „ent. Lhe exalbuminous seeds readily dis- tinguish them from the otherwise similar fruits of Zeucena. in A. clavigera and for the pods are much more uniform, T MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. : 651 INDEX OF GENERA, SPECIES, AND SYNONYMS. Page Page 1 : à po ia jg Acacia abe, Wi. or M 472 | aroma, Gill. nennen 00 | | Burkei, Benth. ...... sss. > 7 N Hochst. NES ee aromatioy i40 EN ae c lan F. DO. go part | acanthocarpa, Willd. is 428 by po cio Gree c ۱ ; í m buxifolia, peni زب‎ yt E 473 E acanthoclada, F. Muell. ...... 463 ir na ir ode «d cuni Rudi fr ni 3 acantholoba, Humb. et Bonpl. oe z mel Ie ee دا‎ 45 culo, p Humb, et Bonpl.. ..... 414 E eleensis, Kunth .......... , Um oath ua MOD | mula FOR X. : E. o Mi ale e 458 | seri Walk un m 7 arcas WT Papers, MPY. Litt eis Duane Mek ار‎ : acinacea, Lindl.. ............- رم‎ EO 208 Galan, Oaa... i conet E 1 a, Lindl. |. ids dn astringens, Cunn. ............ er 35] a VEND 7 4 aciphylla, Post. Uis x n in d Venti da DET, ides ax diti 520 callistemon, nr ^ ۳: apo acuifera, Benth.. .......... LL. = ataxiphylla, RUNE as dr 451 veta xt Conn AD M: 404 à ran Lag cd Ag 26 iphylla, Burch. er cs ie ca. " h aie duplo o. 512 3 acuminata, Benth; oIa. vos t Benih. iaai ib AET cti in DAA 519 E. 5 DO atramentaria Gia 244i : ی‎ e r ice T Aucheri, Benth. is SO E e MCA m EI 6 unn 460 E. p d.i o p ulacocarpa, Cunt. .......... L| DESEE NG rr 51 L Adansonit, Guill. et Perr. .... 506 E 1۵ ue ini 494 ii: di 3 adenantheroides, Mart. et Gal pp ringen slo Cia ade 535 7 lean, Ni h ا‎ a adenopa t Am. ...... d Bs 0 (as IA 451 MAP ere E 425 b opa, 496 auronitens, Lindl, .... 4 4 Mart. ot Gal. ....+% 9 1 adenophora, Spreng ag = Ausfeldi, Reg. ...c0...<.00... ve Signe Er las 507 3 adenostylis, se ta eines ^2 axi Benth. ............ 534 caracasana, Willd. .......... > adherens, Benth. .......... bahamensis, Griseb. .......... 595 arbonaria, Schlecht. ........ >32 adiantoides, S dogs. a ^ bahiensis, Benth. ............ un cardiophylla, Cunn. .. .... 5 dstringens, a کورچ‎ E 473 ‚Sp ng PE cura 636 cassioides, Willd. .......... — adunca, Lunn. ........... Bancroftiana, DO. .......... 451 Catechu, TA 519 plate, Br. ng 543 barbinervis, Benth. .......... en i DN O ee IS 3 oi sont oe eC aon he 513 Spit B Mpal i252 sh 458 catechuoides, TS و‎ 9 5 a Guida, WU. „vun n nnt 2| dde o Asses a ci | MT RU eic. x albicans, Kunth rta E E = A EN 451 Cavenia, Hook. et Arn. ...... 2 albida, M icio ae 501 Barteri, Meissn, ............ SENE. Danh .... 3e m n boss... 530 bella Sp Reo E Iu IMG zd rifolía, Benth rupe d i” k 1 2 Ham. Ce ieee ses iwi es .. issn. JEN. 449 celastrif ee eae 3 du AME E 486 | J ¿ap on ig MO |; "evetwo, Wild, «eene 532 alpina, F., Muell. ...... Berlandieri, Benth. .......... RES OO, e eni pum, E + de OOF r 592 , IL . 45 a و‎ Willd. .........- iiec : jana, DO... eee "nz chordophylla, F. Muell........ L^ zonica, Benth... ^ 697 Berteriana, Spreng. .........- ail choriophylla, miden ne ambigue, HON Cc 596 stetur Tae ET que 463 soper ts 496 ambigua, vd زا نی‎ 531 bidentata, as b Rer P s | Hag Ad ca C AM ton rg cos PB es : amythetho hylla, Steud. ALE rie rà Mur 17: A Qi Y RR 477 rud ih MEERE 389 SUE. E EA CO A Valde O A emerea, Spreng.. sss 520 anceps, “at ee re ee es e. Ohlend. .......--..* 474 Clausseni, Benth. .........- e i " = aneura, E Muell. .......... + 369 bombycina, Benth.........-..- 4 clavata, Schlecht. ......--+.- 510 , Farb و‎ ud. ces bonarie sis, GW. an t 410 clavigera, E. Mej, .......... 638 lata Do.. chr xx 496 Bonplandi, Gill. et Ten. ۰ ae suene, Lk ir ed angulata, uin iustos tini 532 regdes A, Oe canines: 3 cochlearis, 1۳ 6090/۰۰ 501 ngusti) M Lol 04. no “er بو‎ ‘Seem. ANO. sada’ 44 peace coi f Humb. et Bonpl. . 456 a rc eS cards 471 aras Dd us wa bus 496 codi , Meise... see sess v ans ng sig las Bes | موی‎ Willd ........ 42S Galena, Presl PEE ie ۰ Desf. io AI trya, rus Me. 387 coll letioi a ee 4 4“ angustisili ? 472 RIP s 2013345 » 9 1 Muell. ul dd gu) culata, Meissn. ..... n a Willd...... 4 colletioides, .. 9 apa, Mei موی ی‎ TPE سب‎ EN. Dedi. i-i ES Mn. gin AA wem ^ a Us Ard i . 930 e hyptera Benth. 15c 489 oar, Se EEE 531 Ba. [۱ 535 1 chia; Bentl iie 556 , DC. M Acor. ME هب‎ d ee eer 589 ie ensis, Spreng. ......*** 485 rsa Te Ae 400 thos, Spreng... 513 ifolia, Benth. on 49. | pm DS. oerte 490 areeidhon, SPENE. >. = 2.3" 513 و‎ MN 1 conspersa, FAM io 513 arcuata, ^a vitae a UM p ET ی‎ MP = cons e "m arcuata, e ی تج‎ e 4 , , 01 E e wis En Benth. urs sae N i D DAPA. eM Eom a argyrophylla, 7 E ......» B : ides, Cunn. is». ivo 458 4 Q arida, Benth. ..... En Mus 461 bruniot * armata, Br. ....-:** 652 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. cacia Page | Acacia Es Acac cormces, DC. c.c. 47 dumosa, W. et Am........... ۳ A JS M Ur eornigera, Willd. ............ 514 dura, Benth. دم و ام‎ 465 fulgens, Labill. .............. coronillefolia, Desf. ........ 509, 637 diana, Buckl........... 521 TE ONE ae RE costata, ( io PCR 451 dysophylla, Benth. .........- Noui. E A Coulteri, Benth. ...........- 522 Damen, WEM AAA es 511 fureifera, Lind]. ............ ters, Benth. un. Hu 22 paredes AE Cv due aa 453 Jurfumaosa, Don... .......... Courrantiana, DO. ours 426 Edgeworthii, T. Anders. ...... 504 Jesi DEM. eee | جع سا‎ 494 edulis, rend et Bonpl. ...... 502 galioides, Benth. ............ crassifolia, A. Gr............- 525 eglandulosa, DO. ...........- 449 gemella; Hof. مه ها‎ crassistipula, ZR. i v 462 Ehrenbergiana, Hayne .....- 512 eni y ^a NN cod useula, Wendl. .......... 473 Ehrenbergü, Nees .........- 12 genistifolia, Link ............ erassiuscula, Messen: oe ri 471 alata, Cuni o eu uri 495 genistoides, Á.. Cnn. ........ erispula, Benth.........««..«> 401 ei RE A 565 Gerrardi, Benth. SHER eultriformis, Onn. ER LM 474 elegans, Schlecht. ............ 532 gigantea, Noronh........ Lk nensis, Willd... .......... 977 elephantina, Burch. .......... 365 Gilberti Meise. ud wre Cumingü, Benth. ............ 532 elephantorhiza, Burch. ........ 5 Giraffe, Willd. ......... AP eata, Benth... ... c. esee 463 allpiica, Com... 6.0 ای‎ 477 rapa, Hochst |. oet es Cunninghamii, Hook. ........ 492 elon, Bb. se. dusk 478 Grape, TOD... osc os be x» Cunninghami, Don .......... 450 emarginata, Wendl. .......... glabrata, Schlecht. .......... curvifolia, Locri dena 638 Emoryana, Benth............. 522 g GEIS; Ciawi. O cuspidata, Ounn. ............ 453 Endlicheri, Meissn. .......... 499 glandulosa, Guillem. .......... ata; Schlecht: u... 608.6 532 ephedroides, Benth. .......... glandulosa, Willd........... % Eine e lla, Lindh „sie 469 eriadenia, Benth. ............ 520 gue. Wild... Le yc y Schlecht: ui... .. 464 eriantha, Desy. SE 637 glaucescens, Willd. .......... eyclops, A ceres 481 ericifolia, Benth. ............ 457 glaucifolia, Baum............- eyclosperma, DC. ............ 558 erınacaa, Benth... sous 459 glaucophylla, Steud. .......... cnorum, Hook. win... erioclada, Benth. ............ 451 glaucoptera, Benth. .......... cygnorum; Benth. ............ 498 erioloba, ACA Rud cie E AU E 5 glomerosa, Benth. ............ antha, Zute Wise ertoloba, E. Mey. ............ glutinosa, E. Moall: an so cyperophylla, F. Muel. ...... 488 erubescens, WelW............. 518 Guidium, Benth, SNS Daintreana, F. Muell. ........ 481 erythrantha, Steud. .......... 519 gonoacantha, Mart. .......... Daloa; Desv... m cds 382 erythrocephala, Cunn, ........ 460 gonocarpa, F. Muell. I hiana, F. Muell. ........ erythropus, Ten. LE دم‎ gonocl k E cut = , E 3 "a^ San BE ee ه ۸ ه‎ daphnifolia, Meissn. .......... 469 esculenta, M Ga 443 gonophylla, Benth. .......... d yla, Ounn. riec de. See. 464 esculenta, Moc. et Sess. ........ ا‎ Mart. et Gal. ¿5.0 d UAM eee ya 497 baica, Schweinf.. ........... 510 amined m dealbata, Cunn. . .. ........... 473 excelsa, Benth. .........1.... 48 grandiftora Willd. u. decipiens, Br. .............. 465 explanata, Jungh. ............ 513 enda He min decora, Reichb ks Cheng. sae oes 473 extensa, A indi sec NEL IUS 457 grandisili : Benth, Sui AE decurrens, Weld. ............ 496 ewudens, Lind]. |... cies cos 466 وی‎ DE 252 a rod pra fagonioides, Benth. .......... 497 granulosa, ام‎ eae c tate ZI ca SS Ee o V road ice deltoidea, CUI. e PSU 476 f wn EU u eee en Bg ow A e densa, Wall. ................ 513 falenella, Meissn. ........... ; 9 reggii » D : IDEE densifolia, Benth............. falcinella, Tausch ........... 473 Gregorii, P. Muell. .........- dentifera, Benth. ............ 467 Faller, E. Mey. i ian 590 gorn, I Ml... uci. vi denudata, Lehm. ............ farinosa, Lindl. nn... 8 و ون‎ iin omm URB. ecciesie 487 jar a, Ru ER RER q. A ig Ne Page a aig depauperata, Mart. .........- $96 | asia Be, — sl s > ee بیج‎ lia, Benth. iiu vs 460 asciculata, ro LAP e . pepa و جوا ی وه‎ dresecociga, Din. ios 188 me Guill, et has edd ur ames ۰۲۷۱ 2i eode detinens, Burch 517 | fasciculifera, F. معا‎ 7 MU: He Qd ss y es ai guilandinefolia, Sw. . ......... m Usern 517 | gummifera, Willd. | Ne hut. EN 518 Nue Hubo un Jilicicoma, Mart, ..... 222... ee Back BR Mieina, Wild. o os. As dada Hallen... ou Jilifolia, Benth. . ............. guttulifera, Hoffm. .....:.... 5 ala, Cunt. ci) os 473 gyroca acs i e ME ae Jistula, Schweinf. ............ 512 Maher | E و‎ J Spreng. d NT Xs vt ipe i Ba; هد تاه هو مهدجه‎ | DE. cnet hrs eO 3 : ARE y avescens, Cunn. oo SS tes DE ee flexicaulis, Benth..... a a T o i. flexifolia, Cunn. T vy hemstorylon, 7 Wahl. es ۲ ves : esse — ed Hamilton, Desv. ا‎ Jews Bh. SDI a a Tux J oribunda, his CUN 487 harphyll T Mull. .....-- i J uviatilis, S aa ew 598 REE WERL, ICRU. emcare fatida, U, B. tE... »6 | Amb Benth Raine od Mus (uh oo hastulata, Sm. iu Formosa Kanth. olo | Havent Benth coco formosa, A. Rich. suu 534 i ebec sp es ری‎ : Fragen, Ten... uni us 543 ee Q2 P o iue ی‎ e axi 474 | py لیر‎ [ane ی‎ didis 520 084, En RIA ey. 43 hemi teles, Benth. i 472. MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEA. acia Page hetera cantha, Burch. ..... reas 505 Aeterocarpa,. Del. |... d dus 376 heteroclita, Meissn. .......... 477 hete Ha, Sweet ما‎ a 638 heteroneura, Benth............ 480 heterophylla, Willd........... = heterophylla, Hook. et Arn. .... 482 Hindsii, Benth... au دز‎ 515 hippuroides, Heward ........ 458 hirsuta, Schlecht. موم‎ 532 l y BOL A a E 638 hirta, Mart. et Gal um 499 tarta, Nutt. ........, ess o. 4: OBZ hirtella, E. Mey. ... ¿is 513 hispidissima, DO.. is ماو‎ os. 497 hispidula, Willd. .......5.... ofmanseggii, DC. va کم‎ holeocarpa (err. typ. holocarpa), e 0 ,9.9.9,9.9,9,97 9:9 99 9 9 450.000 4 holosericea, Cunn, .......... 495 homalophylla, Cunn. ........ 478 omalla, Wendl. .......... 492 ookert, Meissn. aioe ns 457 Hooperiana, Zipp.. =... -e.e 531 horrida, Wild... .. +. e 507 < horridula, Mean... i o 462 Rostilts, Mart. E 415 Houstoni, Willd. ...........- 557 Huegelii, Benth. ............ 460 Humboldt, DesvV............. 500 humifusa, Cunn. ............ 495 humilis, Schlecht............. 552 hybrida, Lodd, ...........--- 461 idiomorpha, Cunn. .......... 461 imbricata, F. Muell. .......... 464 implexa, Benth..............- 481 impressa, F. Muell. .......... 477 impressa, Lindl, ...........- 468 incana, Spreng. میم‎ 409 incrassata, Hook. ...........- 463 incurva, Benth. ............-- 448 indica, Ee a E atu ei i DT. MESSI S ی‎ rae DA. iad ues 560 insignis, Mart. et Gal. ........ 532 8 y A. Rich. ..:.....-- 635 in j Guill. ..... e 647 Y edia, Cunn. ~- ooo. ..... 487 tertexta, Sieb. . .... Vick i dux 487 Wu, WB Lan se 530 intsioides, en e dii 528 an وا‎ IUE Ve, 4 اه اه‎ + 591 irrorata, Sieb... «eee 497 Isembergrana, pP. een . 568 iteaphylla, F. Muell. ........-- 468 ixiophylla, Bertha. 480 Jacarande, Lodd. ......----.+ 638 Jacquemonti, Benth. as a javanica, DO, 2.5299 sie ^ pid Julibrissin, Sieb. . وخ‎ Julibrissin, Wild...........** = julifera, Benth. .... ts Juliftora, Willd...... t 377 ei did det: M 456 juncifolia, Benth... juniperina, Willd...........** = Jupunba, Wild .. همه‎ d Jurema, Mart. .... tnn pr Karroo, Hayne A ی‎ d Kirkii, Oliv. oe pe Koa, A. Gray egenum ere s.. 530 au و‎ Meissn. ==... d lacerans, Benth.. >> pes aaa T leta, Br. ....---.*> 978 levigata, Wild. ...-+++---++ BTS i Lahai, 6.8.6, v, 9.0." © sosse * ne و و و و و و‎ os 0. 0:00 6 00. و‎ je re boconn WEE S E E tas 37 Jo SS aug CORR و هو مه‎ | | s 2: 9 not ong‏ و o‏ و موه cifolia, Desf. . .........-- entiscifolia, A. Rich. pidota, Hook, et Am... ۰۰ t ٩‏ هام و و و و و ون و و و و eee‏ و و و و dai مت‎ Mes ٩ ٩‏ ۶ ۵ و و و و و هه و ها t‏ ۰ ۰ ه و و و و و ..o....... oo... AUR RE 555,8 e J 2 T ES ج‎ B E e ES 3 ` a E ] ...o..... rr هه و و هو وم موه c4‏ و وم و و و eee I و‎ M یا‎ 8 «o» 6 V» av»‏ او ور DE REF loxocarpa, Cunn. ..... +++ loxophylla, Benth. ....----** EUM AU E ii bao s FM V AEN MM T Tv. ek ee ی‎ exes son hee ia‏ م وق فان 653 1 P macradenia, Bonth: aG 408 macroloba, Willd. ......... ... 900 macrophy lla, Bunge n 562 tachya, Reichb......... 520 M gdalene, PP, N 547 Maitlandi, F. Muell........... 452 enira, Mart. US Ak 416 malacophylla, Benth. ........ 526 malacophylla, Steud......... 563, 564 mammifera, Schlecht, ........ 522 Mangium, Willd. ............ 405 Moule, Be RA EA Y 475 marginata, Ham, ............ 509 maritima, Benth. ............ 490 MM, Dali. as vales 520 martinicensis, Presl. .......... ) maschalocephala, Griseb... .. . 527 A DOUG ues 504 media, Mart, et Gal........... 044 megaladena, Desv............. 531 megalantha, F. Muell. ........ 485 Meissneri, Lehm. ............ 404 Meissneri, var., Meissn. ...... 404 melanocha Zoll $^ ab os iR 01 melanoxylon, Br............ , 481 mellifera, Bald, rian 517 metrosideriflora, Schlecht... . . . 557 mier y A 461 er a Benth i AE een ee 527 micrantha; Benth. ............ 526 micrantha, Desv. ...........» 598 microbotrya, Benth. .......... 400 microcarpa, F, Muell, ........ 406 microcephala, Grah. .......... 513 'ephala, Macfad. ........ 500 microcephala, A. Rich.. ....... 529 microneura, Meissn. .......... 488 e VUL AAA 373 Miersii, Benth. ...........--- 525 ANI, BUM... 526 minutifolia, F. Muell. ........ 047 Mitchelli, een 498 modesta, Wall. .............- 518 esta, Lind. .......»-..... 4 seio, Wall. |... <=... iso e 508 mollissima, Willd........... 496 tha, Wild. ........-- 524 ind cal dd = ana, Jungh. |... es € 1... 515 mucronata, WiMd............. 487 Mules Dutb. liu 405 multiflora, Kunth ............ 501 multiflora, Bone. verre 591 multinervia, DO. ,........... 440 multispicata, Benth. .....-+ +++ 488 muricata, Willd. ............ 524 Murrayana, F. Muell. ........ 472 myriadena, CUM o os bn myriobotrya, Meissn. ........ 404 myriophylla, Grah. ........-» 507 myrtilolia, Willd. ............ 475 natalitia, E. Mey.. , 0R nellyrenza, N 507 ylla, F. Muell. 457 Nom, WIL i.i nne 568 neriifolia, Omn. .........--- 408 ernstii, F. Muell. .........- 470 nervosa, DC. .......-.-.+-»»* 400 Neuciana, Buckl. ....... ++» 502 neurocarpa, Cum. airis. اه‎ eo 405 nigra, C T 545 ni Oliv. eres... 51 i nigri از‎ re 405 nilotica, Dent... ....-.......> 506 Nop, Hy B. AK >: 373 654 Page gateda, Willd... ad wi 585 Witidula, Benth. . inurl. 477 nodiflora, Benth. ............ 459 notabilis, F. Muell. .......... 469 übten, Bath... UN 511 nudiflora, Willd, ............ 522 nutans, Spreng... و‎ a 634 NYSSOP. = F. Maat sin 450 obliqua, Cowen, Siri vns oa 464 wohaud, Desv... iones 471 obliquifolia, Mart. et Gal....... 572 obovata, BMRA 460 beu, A DE SAN 498 obtusa, Humb. et Bop. RT 500 oboe, Dieb, „u... 470 obtusifolia, Citing ac sud 487 lorata, Dein: ce dius seed 471 odoratissima, Willd. .......... 565 Oldfieldü, F. Muell. .......... 490 oleefolia, Cunn.. دم اه‎ 473 oligoneura, F. Muell. ........ 491 oligophylla, Hoffmans. ........ 637 terni e: 2d pei MASSA 478 ocarpa, Benth. ........... 493 oncinophyil, Lindl ae 489 ophora, Ey... „ci 461 rpa, F. Muell. ........ 489 aud, FEMME usu 479 Ouyrarema, DC. ............ 636 ovoidea, Benth. .........%.... 454 oxycedrus, Meb.. ی‎ 8 454 oxyelada, F. Muell. .......... 457 oryphylla, Grah. ............ 530 hycarpa, F. Muell. ........ 493 pachyloma, Mart. ............ 557 pallida, E Mud: Cs 509 pallida, Willd. .............. 377 paludosa, Miq. .............. 531 aniculeftora, Steud. ........ 408 paniculata, Wild... 2... 2.5 529 apyrocarpa, Benth. .......... 456 : rede, DC Lord ET 461 ی‎ WI... ی‎ es 597 patens, E. Muell. ............ 452 tula, Humb. et Bonpl. ...... 637 paucifiora, A. Rich. .......... 634 Pawlikowskyana, Ohlend. 475 pectinata, H., Rai aus 362 pectinata, Hoffm. ............. 637 pedicellata, Benth. .......... 527 Pedunculata, Willd. .......... 502 ‘ cent Vog aida wed A « ein ius) 479 penicillifera, Lag. ........... 532 pennata, ula. ..........LL.. 530 nnatula, Benth. ............ 499 horria, Seb A PA 468 pentadenia, Lindl. ........., 498 pentaedra, Regel els bed 457 pentagona, Hook. . Losses BUE tera, Weli ers 531 peregrina, I eT AS LRL ME 372 peregrina, Willd. ...........,, 973 Porrolteti, Steud. it. cc 506 persica, Sa 978 de 6 NASA. s 638 ervillei, و‎ wares (eeu: 521 umb. et Bonpl... ۰ ea, Bolle j i s lE a TS. RE ac lE ia Page pilosa, Spreng. ...........-.. 545 pinifolia, Bonth. ose oes ls 456 SON LEBE secret esee 25 pityoides, F. Muell. .......:.. 488 plagiophylla, F. Muell. ........ 465 plagiophylla, Spren b abd 468 planifrons, W. et Arn. ........ 505 platyacantha, Schlecht......... 501 platycarpa, F. Muell. ........ 483 platyloba, Spreng. ............ 593 platyphylla, SW. ............ 638 platyptera, Lindl. ............ bl lectocarpa, Cuna. E Cou 2 os. T رح‎ MUN 524 h و ی‎ en ENE RS 531 podalyrisefolia, Cunn. ........ 474 pol we 7 WIBR. و یا‎ 519 polyantha, Spreng. .......... 591 polybotrya, Benth. .......... 496 polycoplala, DO. cs 531 polycephala, Grah: .......... 531 ۳۳۳۲۵۵ DC ui id 528 polyphylla, Clos .............. 535 polystachya, Cunn. .......... 492 rtoricensis, Willd. .......... 543 pravifolia, F. Muell. .......... 476 — minar E. Mule- 2. uuo 475 eissiana, Lehm............. 498 prensans, Lowe .............. 531 prismatica, Hoffmans. ........ 637 Breed WEIL... VEE 565 procumbens, Hoffmans......... 637 prominens, Cuna. ............ 472 propinqua, تا‎ casos 648 AAT. ioo sl 966, 418 prostrata, Lodd. ............ 453 OR, a A Sie te 496 pseudoarabica, Bl............. 507 1 nins, Mig. iE 530 pseudotrichodes, DC. .......... 444 psüostachya, DC. oci lun 372 Poraka, DU... TT 421 pteridifolia, Benth. .......... 524 pterigoidea, Seem... .......... 469 pteroclada, F. Muell ......., 448 sin 25 se Hoffmans. ........ 531 pterygocarpa, Hochst. ........ 511 lt F. Muralla. casita 485 ubescens, Br. ......... ie 407 pubescens, Schlecht. ...... er 884 pugioniformis, Wendl. ........ 456 pugi dir Weel 3. sv. 453 pulebella Br... us 497 ima, Wild, au s 974 pulverulenta, Cunn. .......... 457 pul Schlecht. sce 443 punctata; Desf. yes. 384 punctata, Humb. et Bonpl. .... 500 pungens, چ‎ DE: iN 453 Bolle Scheele Su, 387 A pe acca WER موی‎ ee en 387 | Timbouva, Mart. ............ ow da pos bia pute = A ee = nrt, t a ISD re odora, GRIPE. eie a 509 oe i Wild. ............ 583 lacustris, Willd... as ý RES sen 386 Schlecht............. 506 ee TB et K. ...... meng ee 376 aatis ge y F Me RE 627 ohn DES sa ae 382 | amillaris DO ll ES] immed A EE = € wil. nS 383 | tamariscina, DC. ............ و‎ D. dos is 586 na a DO. uc 382 Gleditschia Pe 557 conferta, Me (i21 O 57 = ncularis, Buckl. .......... Be | UEM DI. روز‎ ere و‎ RE peduncularis, Buckl. ...... 384 | javanica, Lam. ......... e arr im UE wi H y coriacea, eed TAPA = imita acen, Deav. .............. | A arborea, Buckl. .............. 514 aw. Humik et Bol .... 000 i el TT e... 600 coruscans, ۰ 6l 4 Inga ۰۰۰۰۰۰۰ nennen rymbifera, Benth. .......... 14 یت‎ hal, Broid. (idi دک‎ ee ار مشک‎ Klotzsch. .. ....-.- = ac , م64‎ Cumingiana, s DONIN. .......... 598 ula, Grah EE aq. aru 9 a 629 1 rpa, W. ill d. ۱ poU l acutifi olia, Be e aa ei gun 590 cylindrica, Mart. ............ adiantifolia, Kanth 20%. is 699 darienensia, تن‎ a NIS, = i HAE M CA 616 | densiflora, Benth. ........--- NDA Uu ما‎ RR EEE ides, Fodd. il ous 200 diade vedi A A 598 1 ta, e. .r.........» 610 s nidi ta, Hook. et Am وو وا‎ 200 alba, Wild. ..............-- ait discolor, Humb. et BonpL...... = ness Del, a E : disticha, Benth... . (45299. »» 373 i alternifolia, Don RR neus 619 à olabri ormis, Grah. N $13 ai Ä angustifolia, Willd. Ue. 576 | dominicensis, Benth, ........ = | y ME er (OS YR PE no 55 dubia, VUE Ve cepe R dran 20 3 anomala, Ku d eere dulcis, Mat... eene a % Arrabide, Steud. a T. demi d 609 dulcis, WI cre 613 | assimilis, Miq. iie pi ow Ru | LAUR 637 dumosa, Benth. TT" ! attenuata, seh oc rae 632 d tha, Benth. caren و و هو‎ 630 | ۱ bahiensis, Benth. ............ 624 edulis, P7. QUO DEN o e ue 4 : barbata, Benth............... 538 emarginata, Humb. et Bonpl. .. me i auhiniefolia, Popp. x €i. P NO A 697 eriantha, Benth. rennen pe : B , q. we 627 vis lg po aput aE 573 1 ras 365 | ‚Berteriana, Us i» «> rss. 036 | ero, Kunth ues. D79 E in ot d cado BUE] O, Maro uoc MT rotes iig روز‎ EE 3 eng Kr : ار رو‎ 365 bigemina , Willd. ras» Yun «dà 575 v efi olía, Mak. vious ied s ES E etersiana Bolle x ed e 363 Willd. هو وه ویو‎ lia, PIE ... 4) 614 1 Ae | le wit WER N eR 364 ph ET sire fagifolia, Don PE pa Ea e r eee 365 Blanchetiana, Bent eva» v 617 7 ifolia, Hassk. ————— ۵ 504 : folia, Benth. .....---+* Bonplandiana, Kunth ۰ 682 falaformis, DU.. ...... +++ ++» sal EO. DD. iie cci = تن‎ Hi; > 420500 end 600 | falciformis, Hassk. ......... sel l جر‎ Guill. et Petr. .....- 365 Bourgoni, DC. .........».+.+.** 023 fasci e nnns t mud HO. o icon ce brachyptera, Benth. .... .. 583 fasciculata, Willd. eat ME Duparquetiana, Baill. 7. 877 rachystachya, DG. P du bros en 2 ae UNE a Baill A e © sores AAA as " dier ipi c 630 Gandu, Hoffm. E S 363 brevipes, erg see) wens pr Fendleriana, E see" red alae a cb FA et mer a. JACK و وا ار‎ Feui i, pases creer eese 8 ی‎ foki bred yT bullata y il 606 ferruginea DÀ s Perr po? ۸ PRE Doo ee FORDERN U 9^ * ers Kirkii, Oliv. Do. : ; ; ... 363 Un Wile 29 eee E eae 619 Seine. 7 Mart. 2i bs x 625 myriadena, Beuth. .... +“ 304 mieu اور‎ age flicina, Willd. +2020 20 natalensis, Benth. . . . ید‎ 363 calycina, Ben oe 4 , Spreng m» ی‎ SOD 658 MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSE4. P Inga Inga Page | Inga 615 NE. PINK 2 sie pes, Vell. جر در‎ adobe 588 macradenia ۳ ار‎ DAL SN ری‎ Du. ee سید‎ ag IBS en ee al > 616 puberula, Benth. ............ flagelliformis, Mart. .......... 603 ee ی و‎ en Bu rc LM VUE diei ma Aya, 5h E E lecum, TT 628 | malacophylla, A. Rich. . . . 563, 564 pucherrina, Ca ee floribunda, boss a Bene 615 ns EM nn di EL o Willd: uu ones marginata, Willd. ............ ar Benth E ae 614 | maritima, Benth. ...........- ol Bingen, Humb ei Bong. pU forfez, Kunth ...........-.- 573 Marthe, Spreng.............. I rimas Will ere a forficata, Hoffm. ............ 637 martinicensis, Presl, .......... 15 EEE ya Benth. an fragrans, MFad. ........... . 692 Mathewsana, Benth. ........ A 3 P iformis Jungh REN, Jratinea, Wild امن‎ ees. 610 maynensis, Benth. . ........ s. a Py e Y uoce ke Rue fulgens, Kunth .............. 621 eissneriana, Wr MT ep 629 perfe foli e Ww msg 5, من‎ eds 631 mellifera, Willd... ............ 517 ias EE oom geminata, W. et Arn. ........ 48 membranacea, Bens 01m a mE Bo visto eee eem Desv 0 NS ی‎ Ne , Split PDA e ens fn. a i ee glandulo. $e. . tr... ee s n mertensiorides, WLATT. ....o..... J j و‎ VOLU ...... و‎ n برس‎ Benth. Vise) Saree 605 micradenia, Spruce Iu arp) 620 sans, zen. ZIEL glomerata, DO... co rove 595 microcalyx, Spruce .......... 611 = tei s I ZEILE graciliflora, Benth. .......... 603 microphylla, Hank. et Bonpl... 573 دی ید‎ Be di fttt n n n n n grandiflora, ` Mies bare Ces Viele 599 microphylla, Salzm. .......... 619 Bei nin. ....... fee guadalupensis, Desv........... 573 Moemiona, Don... . 1212 627 rosea, Ste DC ۳۵ 2 ite 0 EN guatemalensis, Hoc its et Arn. 647 SUR GAB. LIS oorr me 637 en re guayaquilensis, Don .......... 608 mollissima, Humb. et Bonpl. .. 541 rufescens, Benth. ............ a, pO REN 624 molliuscula, Desv............. 637 rutinervis, Spruce ............ PR, Lindh odie aes 540 moniliformis, DO. ............ 585 rufiseta, Benth. .............. Bind, "Benth. SS ne eU 617 j; SDR io ci 580 uiziana, Don .............. heterophylla, Willd........... montana, Jungh. ............ Hans, Spruce... ... isses. heteroptera, Benth. .......... 622 big; WED. is 622 | salutaris, H., B. et K......... QUA A wat multicaulis, Spruce .......... 624 ana, Benth. ........ hispida, Sokolit... ac... u: multiflora, Benth............. 612 Saman, Willd. .............. BR 557 multijuga, Benth. ............ 615 sapida, Benth. .............. Hunboldtiana , Kun AN 614 myriantha, Pepp............. 601 | sapida, H., B. et K. .......... hymeneafolia, Y ees et Bonpl.. 572 nandi A ae Bt sapindoides, Willd. .......... ymencoides, Desv. .......... A Naga, Höchst. 0.00. 2... 510 saponaria, Wild. ............ 11 ystrix, A. t ics TEE gne 573 negrensis, Gere ار دی‎ Ls 621 Sassa, see inequalis, Humb. et Bonpl..... 596 Nopa Wud. cl a 373 scabriuscula, Benth. -a و‎ ones WW ius. cn 631 ABBIA Wild... ..... SO 616 Schiedeana, Steud. .......... NUN oa Sas es oP UL 629 nobis; Mild oti elas 614 schini folia, Benth. $04 44: 49 del adas lana, A. Rich. ...... 568 a, Mares o gen sciadion, co Mi O CST AOS 572 Buda, SOE... 618 Selloana Benth hide de Jinicuil, Schlecht. ............ mutans, Mal sil 605 semialata, Mart............... bacs RR 575 obovalis, A.. Rich. ............ 582 semicordata, Bertol. .......... Mba ns 5 obtusata, Spruce ............ 621 sins, DO. ccc 2,30: juglandifolia, gion is 614 obtusifoha, Willd............. sericantha, Miq..............> E IÓN 585 odorata, Don. oia 608 | “sericocephala, A. Rich........: | leta, ke, Popp. a re 582 | (Erstediana, Benth. .......... 630 | sertulifera, DC. ...... MOM lallensis, Spruce |............. 603 ornata, Kunth ....... n artus 631 Bessilis, Mart. .............- lamprophylla, C. Wright ...... 627 ornifolia, EL, B. et K. ........ 629 a A err lancemfolia, Benth. .......... 606 ycarpa, Benth. .......... setigera, Popp. ............ 1 lanceolata, Humb et Bonpl.... 571 panamensis, Seem. .......... 623 Ho EE are lateriflora, Mig.. ............. 602 paniculata, Spreng. .......... 572 narensis, Don ..........-» latifolia, Willd. .............. nas, Spruee. i. el eius speciosa, Spruce ........ e icc WO os a 607 parviflora, Sagot ............ 610 , Mart. oL Gal. utes Belt oct uix = | ET i ce RAA E , DOBUL COL, ORE die b boe ی و‎ ue = filiformis, Benth see P vy ine E humifuse, Bewh RE en Per ea ia a oe he ei cds Binh, Dew. ic. uvis ۱ eg ee 440 Hazellaris, B NE 432. “eg Humb. ei Bonpl....... we | A ge UP stat 495 aris, Denth...... ymenceodes, P 35 | d DNA, POI و‎ ss 38 flagelliformis, Vell. .......... 400 hymenez da. P Meco 537 denotes J Duk a 3 6 | flava, Audi E uon 603 hypogl folia, Poir. .......... 572 | : etinens, Benth. ............ re e iios Sul ۳ و من او وی زب‎ 633 i ibo anco, Mart, ED ed 405 | ^ a Vul cu UM vi; seta. Band tnb: nee 436 A TEBEK os best S. Merit CH tea 604 decur DL. cc uid 438 QUAM E VM 536 ] EM d sodes ecce A e AT 6 inis Mich... 522. ame, V. Dos rV s FA POST 526 poen zx u. WRre ov ok cur. E 498 i bricata, Benth Si AE aer ra p iffusa, Sae (Orten 608 “flexuosa, R 9 obice NS mplexa, N is e SOS 401 forib , ott]. IC. LE 56; n EA PUE 0D sod 430 Sidi md, 1111 398 UE NN, cord +++ 562 | inamoæna AS 506 1 acan W qua ME s Q4 doe 404 ? the i ae 5 in E Pith re 24 a, A. V ... mn 390 ER EL QE ee diplotricha, Wright .,........ 424 "NOS YOU. Leur us incurialis, Vell............... 409 F iscolor B Pe ما‎ ados 436 tido, Jed Vell. PO MESE i - E indica, Pos = a 591 discolor, Andr. o Lii aa | arte oe Gctctinewe 3 ZR Ee a 637 Meder Polsce o osa, Benih ee 240 ingoides, Rich. ......... Liu 627 dispersa, Benth......... 75... 90 a0? NER s ilu EOM — 4 ux 631 ود ده‎ ta i 500 | هه‎ Benih. ici. 431 BENE Lu soe 295 oe e gn 560 en 431 | intermedia, Kunth. .......... be distana md... II... 400 | Jute een | tn r osu: 415 NODUM 1:00 bbs 535 [teen iem O | IMS اه‎ 430 i xe olia, Pers. ... MALAE s e uracea NE o eon 377 Dau Wall. aur sken 530 dolens, P E iie Galeottii B e. 411 BO Mat ILA 442 x omingensis, Peu ; da 395 G Gardner, Benth, We. . V VUE 499 involucrata, Sox eh وج اف‎ qu E X 436 mener ne QI M inata, A Und 440 irritabilis, Pres] er 409 d "p en et Bonpl. .... 495 Gil, Benth A nU E Jiramenensis, Karst. .......... 20 Abc wn hans. € uma. h وه‎ ar e 9t] ۰ dinnos ek os d uU V. Ape pes Hi. glabra, B. : “erg ie & Thonn... 563 Jugo jio 1 vas d PHYS ae ] StH e. iN claire Sa cH UE. pus 408 Jul ES 614 dumosa, Roxb ی‎ I NEM. a 408 | Juliane, du. Luis 508 e Port EA NP ees 414 ylandulosa, C. E are 387 erra Vent. i RNS 377 eburned, Hort. .............. O) OE nen Dol PE 583 b Aer nd ed A Sd 512 la a, but a a r ی ار ام‎ 633 a Rosh... NB Gatien MA ttti Soa | Sianceens Benth ..... 0... Ge a oss sn 636 elata, Roxb. v Re RM ER M E 4921 Glazi ens, P ub uu 391 Kleini s BS. 050) 430 vo e 565 Glocker’ Ab UM 491 oret tes pues RUE ی‎ hot gans, Andr. .......... DON C ANN وا‎ bike ee elliptica Benth. N: 488 ee pm. serere 397 | datus D. onen 575 elongata, Dem. ............ 399 goes, Va o S 633 Humi. et Bon ve. = ken no he TONG 209 | gonoclada, Benth, ............ 595 ln a oe one ed Emoryana, Benth. .......... us e n و‎ ae: 2 gata, Poin. Vel ini 9 NEL eee ee | ee 433 : Pur RL a E ifi iu, Sm "rero oan g^ andifora, Lue Pls eias: 498 == ۹ Benth. id ral eph ro T. 2 DE METUS NOM NU gr 2 Sol CX ور‎ 557 per ala, Da a ” p rita eA. mann ann 429 nm X ee 578 = Ser cet Eu ri 1 eri iN eee aL / nsi Ra ee NS 1a 7 ig CO OC TE EEN E CA CEN erioca med Mb de i n 20 رن سوه‎ FREUND me موی‎ [n rr UN = erio eee ام وا وا و هه‎ Ed o oot oot EC 4 In ا و و و و و‎ ی‎ 2 Beni EAS que = guiamensis, Aubl ...... 7" ** 637 ae inn t TM Ale 419 ^ 1 sde nl dad 487 gJumeenss : E Th Pete as 374 rifolia, Poir. 2 : Tie بای‎ 515 j icto rm sr | Some ae, CC TEE 105 peus Day. LI Gummifera, Fk, 0 kw. ui ie 607 extrancs, Benth ios aia | Quom. Bauk nu. a Reb Vel od, ee 551 fagaracantha, و و و موه‎ on ‚ Delilo ..... ee 392 axiflora, Benth. V Rua ad 636 Gris 111272. £3 | hens Willd N Lebbek, Linn... i: 563 carpa, Benth....... Tag 3 Ge, DCG. ia ارو‎ 416 “ur... 413 leii í , Ben a HE 416 ephala, Benth. .......... 439 ۰ MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEZ. 661 Page | Mimosa Page | Mimosa ents, Por... eid, ads 637 M و شتا‎ 408 losula, Rich. .......2...... 616 eptantha, Benth. ............ 432 myriophylla, Hong. .......... 406 pilulifera, Benth. ...... ned 410 leptocaulis, Benth. .......... 434 myrtifoha, Sm. .............. 475 pistacissfolia, Willd, ........ 421 9 ۰ 9 leptophylla, Cav. ......,...... 633 natans, Vahl. دی‎ 383 pithecolobioides, Benth. ...... 413 | leptorhachis, Benth........... 434 linee Poi». AEE reis 508 aho, Vell. ..... c0. “+; | leucacantha, V Pate d n = n €^ Hoffm i. oxen e platy MN PP e URL ph | leuceenoides, Benth........... nervosa, Dong. .............. 898 | — platyloma, Benth. ............ leucocej hala, Lam تیه‎ is AAA 443 neuroloma, Benth............. 406 api, Benth. sits oues er leucophlea, Roxb. ............ 513 nigricans, Labill, ............ ne plena, ید‎ ERN TU Vd. 4 d ۳ JRO cars 571 cans, Vahl .............. == ایا ده ی‎ UU a dagustrina, Vahl iis ag 594 nilotiea, Linn. ........... us. : pogocephala, ne A IT = : bene, A. Gray sa 429 nilotica, Thunb................ = po upon B LU = linearis, Wendl cisusu uis 472 ANopo, Poit, u... rt Aa = Penn LE r gea e us Biola, Vent, .............. 472 erg Beth: sl. om arce na Rak سیب‎ m | litigiosa, Mark... lic 390 nh 2 ee vd Bi ange Spe gf e Sade ie 417 i longifolia, Pd a ا‎ s ee «Cena ER oi o» mt do dite Aa 308 longifolia, Poir... ........ A Ian os oL ael | LONE, BE LL 401 DO NEM IE E am ynnna, Benth............. 396 : F ~ N pr sy Mya, Li PETRA 364 longisiliqua, Lam. ............ 456 nuda, "5 ees = tem Vui و‎ 543 gisiliqua, Vell. i... a... 634 pon EEN | mates. tn 12d. 505 tophantha, Pers............... 560 4C و رن‎ Ree caet y ea et Thoin. 498 inta, Both... o 560 nutans, Ve Er ی ند جوم جر‎ Jiu EEE a 200 meda, Vahl ..... u, codi es 616 SUL oM pada UE us 468 prostrata, Hort. .......... 400, 647 lucidula, Pac PME DE T em 430 iua, SS eh es 304 prostrata, Lam. Cel coc 383 Lundiana, Benth. ............ 395 tn d zd 2 e 499 ralea, Benth.. . ... ......... 421 lupulina, Benth. .. ........ ... 435 POM E SEHE re 518 Piu... onec 532 deoria, Vell. cir ul 583 lg Roxb. ........... d pteridifolia, Sedi iii iine n? A TEAS id Gea, Mil... unit eu = obtusifolia, Wild............. 391 re ویو‎ Pc ie as lycopodioides, Pers. .......... aS Pus. Ludi odo 547 puberula, = macracantha, Poir. .......... 500 ob en : Fick o ADU Oe 490 pubescens, Vent. ...... ers = 1 macrocephala, AEN, ooo 398 رد پم‎ d VTL sen gn pubifera, Poir. ee AN | oF e PEE LL eL sis 960 ^s D EE EE A17 pudi a, Y A و ان‎ 207 1 ri lla, Poir وم همهم‎ 622 AR a ien Mi arb es 415 pudica, کر‎ ci kk HS 567 macrostachya, Poir. .......... 487 ek es der Jami pulchella, Roxb............... = achya, Vahl i. ousia 571 Ayi Dd A A OR 396 | puleherrima, Poir............. E en eth. GS eds 415 m... a dics 437 pulchra, Uni A - : malacophylla, 4. VICES IR ro Corea ی‎ 636 MUNDI ire 984 o malitiosa, مه‎ a: 390 Aog! Sage sng ug Ae a de 69 | . la, Linn... ...... s... 28 ji ) 597 Pacai, Fres, ... punctulata, Spruce .......... mangensis, Jacq. ............ 489 hy . Benth 1 440 TU idi odiis 572 Mangium, Forst. ............ eer da, Vel pi ADA 636 | pungens, rs el er a ii, V. tw ae 396 pallida, P E scindit 377 in D re ap 436 marginata, Lindl. 4e» » Mi» ^ Mb M je palpitans, ch et Bonpl ER 434 pusilla, Benth. 440 marginata, Lam. iiss. aani falo due Dd ond 437 ۱ € 544 Martiusana, Steudi 22522 rit | Pl pu i snascarensta, Syr, ves ove e وم‎ panic ae Por. desi dba 599 é auroceana, Desf............. 0 رون‎ el i Wendl . Gs din = [ elan ty: HOÀ o ah ay paniculata, West |... ose eene re [ mellifera, Vahl ره‎ AE pud papposa, Dent... ..- «eee = ۱ meticulosa, Mart............. mo Pp e, Poit pores irrien ve meti j var. , Mart. QS. d. 406 paratyensis Vell. Stee eres see 373 سود‎ gr e رو‎ un و‎ 418 parvifolia, Poir. viis £ it is microcarpa, Bendhe ii. 403 | paral Bm. in f microcephala, P et Bonpl. = paucifolia, Bil. ns yla, Poir. ......... ee Beat. 4.433008 on 567 pauciseta, Ben 401 ر‎ Roxb. EN 449 paupera, Bath. ccs a 396 Hu ulla, Sm. اه وه رم و و وم‎ a 406 pectinata, Kunth ae Wo 302 micropteris, Benth. .........- p ie Duis. cercasi 0 - millefoliata, Scheele .........- re uncularis, Bong. -.. -++ <+- = misera, B enth, eese 392 neul , Pin... 360 modesta, Mart,........- e 499 Sede , Roxb. m و واه‎ 500 mollis, Benth. ..........----* zn pellacant Meyen -.......+- pd mollissima, Poir. ........ ++: 634 pellita, Hub, et Bonpl. .....: A mona pha, Roxb, ice A B e 495 jme 1 proe 530 onancistra, Benth. ........-- تست‎ TL maira DAR ET 538 | Pentagona, Schum. ok Thom... 531 Monjollo, Vell. ...... «ees "ere wind, A 23 - 427 peregrú Loc ا‎ gets montana, Kunth ......... +» tnb peregrina, Linn. .....»« ** 386 montana, aah umb.et Bonpl 636 | pernambucana, Linn. ۰۰۰۰۰۰۰۰ ¿09 multiglandulosa, inn. شوه‎ 440 | petiolaris, ee) Ba زیت‎ O | eg nope atl 433 multiplex, Benth. DOT d ` 528 o e neus im muricata, BS . .. roii quud diua ev Mas, Vdl. | Be Lour. nn 662 P ms, ۵ در رمرم‎ d oes 403 rufescens, Benth.. iisi. ui 418 ila, Benth. $20 ie tine 398 E AAA وا‎ 531 rupestris, Benth. ........... . 408 agotiana, Benth. . ........... 394 sagna, Labill ......0....0. 469 salinarum, Rohr ............ 501 salinarum, Vahl ............ 377 Saman, Jue... il a won 587 sanguinea, Bruce ........o.... 382 sapindoides, Poir. ............ 623 saponaria, LONE. ............ 561 sarmentosa, Pers. ...¿........ 530 J NO 570 scabrella, Benth, ............ 410 scandens, Linn. ........ lees 363 Schomburgkii, Benth. ........ 412 schrankioides, Benth. ........ 394 rproides, Forsk.. .... i ox . 602 seutifera, Blanco ............ 575 esL Fonie o ان هم دمم‎ a 633 A E 436 semialata, Vell. .............. 608 micordata, Roxb, vis. cscs. 638 semispinosa, Linn............. 637 semispinosa, Spr. ovis dul 414 pages, Lim. A censa 516 senegalensis, Lam............. 516 sensitiva, Lin... cis 390 sensitiva, Lodd............... 390 sepiaria, Benth, دم‎ 423 sericantk ST TOUS 413 gerécea, Poir., Asien. 613 sessilis, Vell. ,......... «sti 09 wetipes, Bent... LL ee sexies 402 setistipula, Benth............. ` 406 EN. IO. NE 440 Ma, Holl. 1. ی‎ acs 438 simplicifolia, Linn, f. ........ 482 en uit, Aubl aco 636 B, Poir, o 629 LOS sn bie ranas 636 Ar, ROXD, وم دیا‎ 562 N eh Bonth. 3 366 | geminatum, Benth. .......... 549 | ` apinifolium, Benth, ........ pe P x و‎ : d i eo Cee و وه همم‎ 373 uen, pas dauid. 5 96 igerberianum, Mi q ‘ere e eregrina, .Denih. ....oooo»oo.. e glabri eee A or E SEE MEME] e os Peppis Xl. dA A ... 807 | Glazioui, Benth. ........:. یم‎ p وس پیج‎ en 4 polyp i erete 370 glomeratum, rn FP avi as n ace "Benth. re 506 polystachya, Mig............. ۳۳ NE en 648 | subacutum, Benth. .......... 578 psilostachya, Benth........... 372 y ی سب‎ vey sevi 598 sobeadaceum, Ties. ....... 1. 579 pteroclada, Benth Vr a iain i4. MU gummiferum, Mart. ......... i A dad aE RS 597 | pterosperma Benth... iov. ون‎ OOF Hendersonii, F. Muell....... > Er E TE E ARE 507 ramosissima, Benth ivi es . 807 kynan sora Benth. ..... 573 Tozeri., F. Muell... N a4 4 1 I iv NI erre y! M tra zifolium, exa da " rigida, - rseb .......... 382 ineq sr Benth. eseese. ES harem, — 501 tens, Mig. cs 368 incuriale, PUT ون‎ oli Math, nn 582 erg erh IE 371 Junghunian um, Benth.. ..... ; : = umbellatum, Benth. ف ا‎ = i | subtilifolia, Benth. .......... 3 Kegelii, ey se umbellatum, Miq jenes 55 H trisperma, Benth. ............ 370 letum, en 571 unguis-cati, Benth. .......... + pena Benth... ..... 9... iei MO IS 506 ۱ S; 66 lanceolatum, 584 unifoliolatum, Benth. 1 ی‎ a, Benth. a E Langsdorfii, Benth. .......... 415 Vahlianum, Benth, .........- redes re ........ 670 | lasiogynum, Mart.......... 596 | —Vaillantii, F. Muell..........- p t iet E ی‎ aN Tod ی‎ Fe Ra ADI 59% 4 nn... 507 MER cd M ee a ateriflorum, Bois, sa 5 thymenia EEE PUT 305 preci ar Bid DET CHE 5 atifolium, Benth. ......-....- 576 | foliolosa, Benth....... ee r T erm i 577 axiflorum, Benth............- reticulata, Benth. ...........» 4 ji وا یس‎ wi ape a E eucophyllum, Spruee A یه‎ derit erede ur N "erm, Vie co in 586 igustrinum, Klotzsch sons... abbreviata, Benth. VOR Meo 378 n amplum, Spe TEE D | nee OE cd A $ anamallayanum, emos rin مهم‎ obatum, 7 lh ee eU DE 5 liana, Spreng. .....: a E - : : » wa dus P Q4 582 ongifloru 9 >». 9 8 0 0 ee 577 و و وا‎ .....s ar.“ 381 asplenifolium, Griseb. .......- ucidüiti, Benth rt 4 i On دی‎ 381 Auaremotemo, Mart. = mee deii beris ed nn te 8 ur | auriculatum, Benth. .........- رو‎ EE ار‎ on ee, Be, i 8 : ^ num, Benth. sd ophyllum, Ci ER 571 in gensis, AE E PTO els 1 Bertolonii, Benth............. Pee yum, Benth. ...... dubia, Guill. et Perr, ۰ j i a 00 s. 01 ‘ty c 508 inum, Mart......... . macrostachyum, Benth. .... Blancheti, Benth. ...........« 587 : ESA 586 ancheti, Benth. ..... 579 marginatum, Spruce. . . . 591 b nse, Bent ira... a aed 592 Martianum, Benth. ers brevifolium, Benth. .......... ییوت‎ Mathews, Baifk. .. «ve zd — ae b E Dares 576 micradenium, Benth. 52) 7 ' 589 O etc ur deg 573 | micranthum, Benth...» » 582 calliandrifolium, Griseb. ...... ke yx, — ls re cam e, Spruce... .......» i V e uet candidum, Benth ون‎ PR Res TUE pike — op > Benth, ۳ SF 7 O Seek orto . Mi han um, toiles 585 cauliflorum, Mart. events ee ۰ = 3 وم مس پل‎ B Lis : ۲ : cauliflorum, Benth. er eu montanum, E ET die 575 eg PE رم‎ 413 Motileyanum, Bend. وی بر‎ sol ret, eM i rum, Benth. . - circinale, Benth. ........--+** Mi niopoiden, Benth. > : ' 2 claviflorum, Spruce .....- di nitidum, Benth....++++*- sis coccineum, Benth......-++++ a obi vale; Benth. EIN ^ cochleatum, Mart. ........++ oppositum, Mig., veta comida 2 eedem. dec duis MO M [۳۲۷7 B confecta, Balch Gne aguas Benth sens m ertum, .Denth.. + +++ eee f , B ۰ s tob Hah, MM cc 5 . parvifolium, Benth. y n, Mart. eta A ln 586 ‘pedicellare, Benth. ... lense, Spruce DUE. uu NL M 0 LIE AT dius : 664 Prosopis pubescens, Benth............. Eh +... ....s .........-.... 4 وه و و و و ون ماو ^ ور وا eae oe |‏ اه ie‏ ORB‏ وم و se eis eee Ce wo e oe Rome ay "$4. » 9" » 2 4. Oke ...... موم و و و‎ +... n n 9 و و و و و‎ ee eae Se وا و و و مهو‎ vee Lay... rennen Rt us Op p» s» ae eee ps MR. G. BENTHAM ON THE MIMOSEE. Page $60 |. uncinata, Wild... Sal || CH EGAL ME 37 calycina, Benth... ............ 378 grandiflora, Benth. .......... 376 myriadena, Planch. .......... 376 tenuiflora, Benth. ............ 376 yitienus A: GR. ni men 381 hora obliqua, Pere. sat ua 376 ee 380 pterospermum, Boj. .......... Strombocarpa 441 cinerascens; A. Gr. 2... es 441 pubescens, A, GF. in out; 442 | Stryphnodendron .............. 436 angustum, Benth. ............ 437 Barbatimam, Mart. .......... 407 coriaceum, Benth. ............ 441 iscolor, Benth............... 44] floribundum, Benth. .......... 407, guianense, Benth. ............ 442 ss E AE en 407 crostach 2 KW SA MU ee 436 oborah Benih, ke Estes dis £ .. Page 441 ndongensis, We Thonningii, Benth. | وی‎ ts PAS eoo Vachellia farnesiana, W. et Arn......... A Fo; ela ae‏ مر ور هام A . $8‏ 9.92948 ee pew IE Vis‏ هد a I تا‎ astu: Brownei, p. fastigiata, E. Mey. Petersiana, Bolle tb wa. AE oe 9 CxS. Os O54, vim A 9 E O INDEX. (for index of genera, species, and | Cercophora anomala, 302.' Acrostichum scandens, 14, t. 7 synonyms, see pp. 651-664). /Elurops, 333 Aörides crassifolium, 145. | Bertholletia, 161, 195, t. 33 C. Agelena, 323, | excelsa, 196, t. 37. Chiracanthium, 321 Agroeca, 322. nobilis, 197, t. 37 Chytroma, 164, 299, t. 34 B. Allantoma, 170, 291, t. 36a. | Bulbophyllum alcicorne, 151. amara, 231, t. 58. aulacocarpa, 296, t. 65. auricomum, 152. apieulata, 945. Burchelliana, 294, t. 65. bootanense, 153, t. 32. basilaris, 239, t. 58. corbula, 297, t. 65. eapillipes, 150, t. 32. chartacea, 231. cylindrica, 294, t. 64. cupreum, 152. cincturata, 237, t. 59. dietyocarpa, 297, t. 64. gracile, 152. eistella, 233, t. 58. Griffithianum, 153. grandifolia, 237, t. 59. fagifolia, 298. lineata, 297, t. 65. macrocarpa, 295, t. 64. multiflora, 291. scutellata, 296, t. 65. Ibiriba, 236, t. 59. lasiochilum, 153. Idatimon, 239, t. 59. lemniscatum, 151. limbatum, 152. merguense, 154. Marawynensis, 245 subramosa, 292. moniliforme, 151 Spi . torulosa, 293, t. 64. parviflorum, 152 $ su pen Alsophila Andersonii, 35, t. 7, 11 € penicillium, 151 Ds ME 1:58 17. pictum, 150 d 948, 8 "T re , comosa, 36, t. 2, 7, 10 & 16. pumilio, 153. rorida 243 contaminans ß. Brunoniana, 35, sieyobulbon, 152 BEE 049. t. 4, 7, & 15. . stemobalboa, 158 briflora, 241 tripudians, 154. میور وت ون‎ glabra, 38, t. 4, 7, 11 & ۰ latebrosa, 34, t. 1, 3, 6, 7 & 13. xylophyllum, 151. orna 5,7 &9. | e Calanthe biloba, 144. a Anecochilus albolineatus, 141. Cambridge, Rev. 0. F^ PPP] urceolata, 937. t. 59 Anyphena, 322. - List of the — eub — valida, 241. Argyroneta, 322. diei je E بت‎ = | Clubiona, 321. Armadillo, Three-banded. On its | Ireland, 319 Coelogyne Cyenoches, 147. habits, stracide, &c., 71, t. 20- | Cariniana, 169, 284, t p C graminifolia, 146. 26. (Contents, see p.71) - , brasiliensis, 287, t. lentiginosa, 146. Asagena, 324. domestica, 286, t- » ochracea, 146, t. 30 Asplenium esculentum, 18, t. 7 excelsa, 285, t, 63. rigida, 146. Attus, e due uniflora, 146. Atypus, 320. pyriformis, 290, ۵ 65 ustulata, 146 ypus, rubra, 288, t. 63. ] 399, Ballus, 333. en — Couratari, 168, 279, t. 35 B. Bentham, George. Revision of the | Ce deg " 1. t. 36 B. | coriacea, Suborder Mimosex, 335, t. 66-70 Cheirostylis malleifera, 141. incarcerata, 232, t. 58. monosperma, 239, t. 58. 666 . Couratari glabra, 281, t. 62, Guianensis, 280, t. 62. Martiana, 282, t. 62. Paraensis, 283. rufescens, 281, t. 62. 84. Couroupita, 159, 188, t. 33 B. Antillana, 191. erenulata, 195. Guianensis, 189. lentula, 194. membranacea, 194. Nicaraguensis, 191. odoratissima, 193. Peruviana, 192, Surinamensis, 190. Cryphoca, 323, Cryptochilus meirax, 148. Cyathea spinulosa, 32, t. 7, 8 & 13. Cycas pectinata, 44, t. 12. revoluta, 31, t. 12, Rumphii, 31, t. 12, sphierica, 43, t. 12. Cymbidium Parishii, 144. Cyrtopera macrobulbon, 144. Cyrtophora, 329, Deep-sea Soundings in the Java Seas, 45, t. 19. Dendrobium atropurpureum, 149. bambussfolium, 149. Chrysocrepis, 150. Findleyanum, 149. multiflorum, 149, t. 31. INDEX. Eria muscicola, 148. a, pleurothallis, 147, t. 30. ustulata, 147. Ero, 329. Eschweilera, 165, 246, t. 34 C. acuminata, 272. acuminatissima, 273. albiflora, 268. angustiflora, 247, t. 59. Blanchetiana, 255, t. 60. bracteosa, 274. compressa, 248, t. 59. - elegans, 268, Fendleriana, 250, t. 60. flaccida, 264. gracilis, 272, Guanabarica, 251, t. 60. idatimonoides, 252, t. 60. levifolia, 256, t. 60. laurifolia, 272. longipes, 253, t. 60. lurida, 262, t. 60. Luschnatii, 258, t, 60. lutea, 254. Eteeria anomala, 142, lanceolata, 142. moulmeinensis, 142. Euophrys, 333. Euryopsis, 324. Euterpe oleracea, 29, t. 12. Geodorum citrinum, 145. Gnaphosa, 321. Grias, 171, 298, t. 36 C. Aubletiana, 299, t. 36. eauliflora, 299. Antillana, 179. brasiliana, 187. vidua, 140, t. 97. Jones, F. W. O. R. On some recent forms of Lagen®, from Deep-Sea Soundings inthe JavaSeas, 45, t. 19. Jugastrum, 167, 275, t. 35 A. coriaceum, 275, t. 61. depressum, 278, t. 61. obtectum, 276, t. 61. platyspermum, 277, t. 61. subcinctum, 278, t. 61. Lagena vulgaris, 49, t. 19. Lagen, Recent forms of, from Deep- sea pu in the Java Seas, 45, t. 19. Lecythidaces, 157, t. 33-65. - Leoythis, 162, 199, t. 34 A. Amazonum, 201. ampla, 204, t. 43. ampullaria, 201, t. 38. biserrata, 213, t. 52. Bogotensis, 208, t. 41. cognata, 215. Coxiana, 217, t. 56. crassinoda, 216, t. 54. eupularis, 224, t. 49. densa, 211, t. 49. dubia, 223, t. 51. elliptiea, 222, t, 51. grandiflora, 219, t. 57. integrifolia, 225, t. 45. laeunosa, 205. levicula, 224, t. 49. lanceolata, 206, t. 46. pilaris, 223, t. 42. Pisonis, 211, t. 51. Pohlii, 209, t. 48. platyzone, 224, t. 52. rubicunda, 226. setifera, 227. ۰ spheeroides, 212, t. 52. subbiflora, 227. tuberculata, 218, t. 56. tumefacta, 216, t. 55. . urnigera, 202, t. 39. usitata, 208, t. 47. validissima, 205, t. 44. variolata, 220, t. 57. INDEX. Lecythis vasiformis, 204, t. 42. Velloziana, 208, t. 40. venusta, 214, t, 55. Zabucayo, 207, t. A ‚| Lethia, 322. Linypbia, 328. Lioeranum, 322. Liparis bistriata, 155. stenoglossa, 154. Luisia brachystachys, 144. platyglossa, 144. primulina, 144, t. 30. Lycosa, 332. Malaxis Myosurus, 154. Micrommata, 332. Miers, John. On the Lecythidacez, 157, t. Mimosex, Revision of the Suborder, 335, t. 66-70. (For index to genera, species, and synonyms, see pp. 651-664.) Misumena, 330. Monomeria barbata, 143. Crabro, 143, t. 28. Moulmein, Orchids of, 133, t. 27-32. Murie, James. On the habits, struc- ture, and relations of the three- banded Armadillo (Tolypeutes co- nurus, Is. Geoff.), 71, t. 20-26. Nephrodium molle, 41, t. 6. Nephrolepis cordifolia, 41, t. 6. tuberosa, 25. | Neriene, 324. Nesticus, 324. Oonops, 322. Orchids of Moulmein, Enumeration of, with descriptions of the new species, 133, t. 27-32. Oxyopes, 332. achygnatha, 327. Pus Rev. E. C., Orchids collected by, in the neighbourhood of Moul- mein, (See Reichenbach, H. G.) Peristylus constrictus, 139. - 667 Peristylus Parishii, 139. | Philzus, 333. Philodromus, 331. Pholeomma, 323. Pholeus, 323. Phrurolithus, 322. Phyllonethis, 324. Pirata, 332. Podochilus lucescens, 145. Pogonia maculata, 143. velutina, 142, Polypodium phymatodes, 14, t. 7. proliferum, 41, t. 6. Prosthesima, 321. Reichenbach, H. G. Enumeration of the Orchids collected by the Rev. E. C. Parish in the neigh- bourhood of Moulmein, with de- scriptions of the new species, 133, t. 27-32. Saccolabium bipunctatum, 145. Salticus, 334. Schoenobates, 320. Scott, John. Notes on the Tree Ferns of British Sikkim, with de- scriptions of three new species, and a few supplemental remarks on their relations to Palms and Cycads, 1, t. 1-18. cete 323. 320. Sikkim (British, Tree Ferns of, 1, t. 1-18. Singa, 329. Spiders known to inhabit Great Bri- tain and Ireland. Systematic List of, 319. Steatoda, 324. 331. Thecostele alata, 144, t. 29. Thelasis pygmea, 145. Theridion, 323. Thomisus, 330. Thrixspermum Hystrix, 145. leopardinum, 145. E | ۱ f | Tolypeutes Bench nl the. habits Lo» pi "T: ^ ار نا ۰ .326 Walekenaéra,‏ | Tree Fe KK " zs : s d Y " ae 5 E. oh 13 A y Phe 3 a t * NC NEU ` 1 ۴ E y Ly n T. - | RET ی‎ OR CUN ECT sine o E eh BREI pois i HIR pese i ^Y n AG DERE. E eig Bhool a. murio cu i‏ ی T xh € $i w ۳ axo dan 1 eds DIRECTIONS. PLACING THE PLATE oF k THE THIRTIETH VOLUME. s Recent Lagenz from the Java Seas M.DESMODIOIDES| M. ADPRESSA Ea Trans, Lamy Soc VXXX Tas 66 . M.CLABRA. M.ERIOCARPA. M.FURFURACEA. M,MYRIADENIA. M.SPRUCEANA. M. ADVERSA M.SELLOIL. M.FLEXUOSA. | tch Jith . Pods of Mimosa and Schrankia.- A.STENOPTERA ۰ A.OBLIQUA. A.UNDULIFOLIA. A.LANIGERA . A.SCIRPIFOLIA. “Rich if. à Pods of Acaciás Phyllodme&e Capitatate . " A.CUNEATA. A.TORULOSA A.TUMIDA Trans. Lau Soc Vor. XXX TaB OR j A.XYLOCARPA. A COCHLIOCARPA A.ANEURA A.GLAUCESCENS A.AURICULIFORMIS. A HOLOSERICEA. Tid inp Fitch len Pods of Ácacidz P hyllodine&e Opicatás à Q0 A dk. e a AS E. BECLADA , M s A.FARNESIANA . A HE Trans Linn Soc Vor XXX Tan 69. A.GIRAFFE. Gummife Lad caclae A .MACRACANTHA. A. ARABICA, Pods of A Fitch hth. 3 XXX De N. A.TOMENTOSA. ACONSTRICTA Y Tae Lan Soe " 11 ew hin A. ALBIDA. A.EBURNEA A NUBICA. A. ABYSSINICA. SIS, A.LITAKUNEN A.PLANIFRONS. A,CLAVIGERA. Fitch Lith Ld Pods of Acaciáe Gummiterde.