1SSOUTrI Botanica | (Garden “i JANUARY- FEBRUARY 1988 1 Inside This Issue The New Year Designing the New _ We are now mov- St. Louis residents to the Garden each maa Temperate House ing into the second spring. . 7 The pessent Mad envio House wil fyear of our capital . The arrival of the seven magnificent soon be replaced with a much larger and campaign and are Milles sculptures to be placed in the beau- more useful Temperate House as part of pleased with the | tifully renovated lily pools between the the Campaign for the Garden. results thus far. | want | Climatron and Flora Gate will highlight to extend congratula- | our activities this spring. With our new 6 Gardening at the Garden tions to the Board of | state-of-the-art greenhouse ranges in full game Do plant names cause you to scratch Trustees who joint- operation during 1988, almost all of the your head in confusion? If so, this article | ly have provided the most valuable | traditional flower shows will be back on will decode the method in the madness. resource, that of leadership, and have | schedule. donated generously to the campaign. It is, as always, the unending and won- 8 Ask the Answer Service The Garden membership has proven | derful support of Garden Members and gms There are several new plant varieties again to be a splendid asset to the cam- | the entire St. Louis community that and iools with which to-cultivate them paign. It is because of Members’ support | allows us to make each year better than available for 1988. and support from businesses and founda- | the last. 7 tions that the Garden exceeded its inter- Orta ie Cee 10 The Flora of North America 3 ane i pee the new year over , the p10 million mark. a Ses tahini “ rea book ne Beginning in 1988, we will witness the Campaign Tops $10 Million ing all of the plants found on this con- completion of our three new greenhouse The Garden’s $16 million capital fund tinent. ranges increasing our growing space by | drive topped the $10 million mark with a 30 percent, the restoration of the Clima- | $75,000 grant from the Stanley Smith 12 Calendar of Events tron both inside and out, and the con- | Horticultural Trust and a $140,000 anony- gum Start the new year off right with a visit struction of the Temperate House and | mous gift from a local donor. The Trust to the Garden for one of the many excit- Interpretive Center as part of the Clima- | funds have been earmarked for the Cen- ing events planned during January and tron complex. ter for Home Gardening. February. And, a first ever for the Garden, the The Stanley Smith Horticultural Trust ‘Fragrance Festival: A Celebration of | is one of the most respected charitable 18 For Younger Members Scent,” will open the week before Moth- | foundations dedicated to horticulture in game Give that special someone a gift of er’s Day, featuring fragrance-related | the world. Its trustees maintain offices in Nature’s Valentine this February. activities for a full week and creating a | Scotland, England, Hong Kong, Canada special annual event that will bring more | and the United States. Tributes : o @@m@mm Friends and family honored with a con- tribution to the Garden. On the cover: On a cold, wintry day in St. Louis, few things are as pleasant as a trip to the Garden to smell and view the camellias in the Linnean House, the oldest continuously operating greenhouse in the United States. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is published bi-monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. Subscription price $12.00 per year. $15.00 foreign. The BULLETIN is sent to every Member of the Garden as one of the benefits of membership. For a contribution of WN as little as $35 per year, Members also are entitled to: free TRUSTEE HONORED: Garden Trustee Emeritus Henry Hitchcock, center, observed his admission to the Garden, Shaw Arboretum, and Tower : serra came cca pees fortieth year as a member of the Board of Trustees in October and received an engraved silver Grove House; invitations to special events and receptions; - announcements of all lectures and classes: discounts inthe | tray from President John H. Biggs, left, and Director Peter H. Raven. Mr. Hitchcock’s tenure Garden Gate Shop and for course fees; and the opportunity on the board is only succeeded by that of his father, George C. Hitchcock, who served for to travel, domestic and abroad, with other Members. For | 44 years. A Hitchcock has served on the Board of Trustees continuously since the board was ne NintOn, SeRne Gall (Ak) BT). created in 1889. Mr. Hitchcock’s grandfather, Henry, was one of the original 12 trustees Postmaster: send address changes to Lee B. Fox, editor, : aa : BULLETIN, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. designated by Garden founder, Henry Shaw, in his will. Top: An artist's rendering of the new Temperate House, seen from the Ridgway Center. a ata wo é ste deme The existing Desert House and Climatron, with the new Temperate House, seen from the Waterlily Pools. a ae Seon ites Sy: ea “v &, ~ saga cat) 2 aa q Y soc pet boo =4 EAST ELEVATION THE CAMPAIGN FOR THE GARDEN Designing the Temperate House, Interpretive Center and Desert House BY BRYCE E. COOPER Staff Wnter The Chnistner Partnership, Inc. If you’re a Member of the Garden, as I am, most likely you are aware of changes planned for the Climatron and its compan- ion greenhouses, the Desert House and the Mediterranean House. Geoffrey Rausch, of the Pittsburgh firm Environ- mental Planning and Design, heads the team of consultants for the Climatron renovation, and gave you a “tour” in your September/October Bulletin. Eileen Zalisk of the Boston firm Krent/Paffett Associates, Inc., introduced you, in your November/December Bulletin, to the displays being created for the Climatron and the new Interpretive Center. The original greenhouses were con- structed in 1913, 47 years before the Climatron was erected on the site of the old Palm House, whose portico was retained in the Climatron. These green- houses have introduced millions of people to plants that require protection from St. Louis’ frigid winters. However, time has taken its toll, and both greenhouses need to be replaced. The deteriorating Mediterranean House will be replaced by a new Temperate House, which will be about twice as large. This modern display greenhouse will be connected to a new centralized mechani- cal system in the Climatron being designed by engineers at Ross and Baraz- zuni, Inc. A new Desert House will even- tually replace the old one, and the Interpretive Center will stand at the rear of the complex. Let me tell you about the behind-the- scenes evolution of these exciting new buildings. I’m a colleague of the architects at The Christner Partnership, the St. Louis firm designing the Interpretive Center and the Temperate House. The firm was also a major contributor to the Master Plan for the new Climatron complex. I watched the designs take shape from the day the architects came back from their first meeting with the other consul- tants. The context for the new designs was presented by Director Peter Raven, who emphasized that the Garden, above all, is a place of beauty which also teaches the public about plants and provides sci- entists with a living laboratory. The design for the new greenhouses began with a symmetrical concept based on the lines radiating from the center of the Climatron. This concept was compati- ble with the Climatron’s position at the heart of the Garden. The dome is also at the west terminus of the original entry axis to the Garden, created by the Flora Gate and intervening lily ponds. The historic significance of the entry axis war- ranted a sympathetic response from the new design. The classical geometry of the entry axis and the dome’s circle suggested a for- mal design for the new greenhouses. continued on next page __J 3. stot: A Rh NN ET i ERM i RR ERA TTT NEW TEMPERATE HOUSE continued However, the three new buildings have different requirements, and the landscape around the complex also imposed other restrictions. The plan was developed in such a way that the design for each struc- ture considers: e the purpose of the new structure ® adjacent uses e angles of the sun ® site vistas from both the inside and the outside e building program requirements Architecture is a surprisingly verbal process: all design details are discussed, debated, reconsidered, and viewed from all angles, so to speak. A computer graphics system designed by McDonnell Douglas Corporation provided a tool for creating a series of design solutions responding to the above considerations. The Temperate House design began with a peaked roof, reminiscent of the Mediterranean House. During the design process, the peak shifted to become the outer edge of the building. In contrast, the reversed slope of the Desert House gestures toward the south of the Garden without concealing the Climatron from visitors approaching it. This orientation also allows the sun to penetrate at the proper angle. The final design’s asym- metrical effect supports the beautiful curve of the dome, yet also achieves an independent status for both new green- houses. The new greenhouses will flank the ty An artist's rendenng of the intenor of the new Temperate House, described in detail on page 5. Climatron in two curving shapes with sloping roofs. Like greenhouses of the past, their steel structure has become more than just a structural element of the physical building. The radiating pattern of custom tube trusses emphasizes the cen- trality of the Climatron. Other structural elements, such as the tracery of the dou- ble columns, contribute understated embellishment to the greenhouses while maintaining their background role relative to plant displays. The Temperate House faces north- west, and takes advantage of its orienta- tion toward the sun with a high outer wall of glass. This special single-pane glass is coated with a low-emissivity invisible coating that bounces summer heat off of the building and retains winter heat. This antique limestone pediment, designed by Tower Grove House architect George I. Barnett, will be a focal point in the new Temperate House. Heating will be provided by hot water radi- ation, and cooling by a fogging system. Vertical glass will have vents that are mechanically operated by the complex’s new central computer system. The com- puter can back this up with the fogging system. The height of the Temperate House will accommodate sizable trees such as the Australian gum tree (Euca- lyptus erythrocorys). The Interpretive Center will be con- structed at the rear of the dome. It will have double doors leading into the Clima- tron, the Desert House and the Temper- ate House and will contain displays and visitor amenities. It will be an under- stated, low, windowless structure of naturally colored masonry units and accenting brick coursing. continued on page 16 MEBPRORRERBRRRREBEREBERERERE ES I As of December 1, 1987, the $16 mil- lion Campaign for the Garden had raised $10,138,725 in gifts and pledges. We thank those donors whose generosity helped us reach this point in our fundraising pro- gress. At present, to the north of the Clima- tron stands the Mediterranean House, dating from 1913. It displays temperate- zone plants from around the world, spe- cies which must be grown indoors because of their inability to survive Midwest- ern winters. The Mediterranean House is now quite antiquated and must be replaced. Through the Campaign for the Garden, the new Temperate House will be built on that site, at a cost of $3.38 million. The new Temperate House was de- signed by The Christner Partnership, Inc., a St. Louis architectural firm. It was a challenging assignment to design a dis- play house that would not only reinforce and respect the Climatron’s powerful architectural vitality, but would also be an attractive and highly functional building in its own right. The end result is an excel- lent response to this challenge. The pre- ceding article describes the building and relates many of the complex factors that had to be considered in their design work. The Temperate House’s new interior dis- play gardens are described below. The Temperate House will approxi- mately double the display space currently available in the Mediterranean House. Alan Godlewski, the Garden’s director of horticulture, notes that, “This allows us to expand dramatically the numbers and types of plants we can exhibit. We'll be able to bring in some of the truly fascinat- ing, diverse, and beautiful temperate spe- cies from many other parts of the warm temperate world in addition to the Medi- terranean Basin, such as Africa, Austra- lia, South America, China, Korea, Japan, coastal California, and the southeastern United States.” The Temperate House will contain seven garden areas successively arranged along one winding, multi-leveled pathway. Briefly, the new displays are: UPDATE: The New Temperate House Gardens Riparian Gardens: Three areas representing distinct geographic regions will display plants of moist, warm temper- ate areas often associated with streams and other smaller waterways. These areas in nature are often oases set in nor- mally dry, rocky hillside landscapes. Vis- itors will have the opportunity to see exotics unique to certain habitats, as well as plant family diversity and links across continents. Rustic Arbor: Vine arbors and pergolas are common components of hillside ter- race scenes in Mediterranean countries, providing decoration and shade. This structure, of rough-hewn timbers, will allow visitors to pass beneath tender flowering vines from several temperate regions. Moorish Garden: This formal garden will feature rotating displays of colorful, primarily Mediterranean annuals sur- rounding a traditionally styled fountain. Inspired by the Court of the Lions, a spec- tacular historic Moorish pleasure garden in Alhambra, Spain, its other classical fea- tures will include citrus and cypress trees, wrought iron gates, wall-climbing and trellised vines, and mosaic-patterned pavement. Overlook: The Overlook will be situ- ated on the highest point in the Temperate House. It will be naturalistically planted in cliffside plants and will give a stunning view of the Moorish Garden. The Over- look contains an antique portico, featuring an Italianate limestone pediment pictured on page 4. Biblical Garden: Recalling the oases of the dry Mediterranean regions, this area will profile such historically and economi- cally prominent plants as date palms, figs, and carob. It will include a tentlike viewing structure sheltered by a rocky wall, and its central focus will be a small well. Wildflower Terraces: In some hilly temperate areas, the landscape is primar- ily arid and can often support only small shrubs, tall grasses, and seasonal wild- flowers. These rocky terraces will blaze with primarily spring-flowering plants from California, Australia, and the Medi- terranean. Rock Garden: This area and its special supplemental lighting system will bring out abundant seasonal masses of the many interesting colorful bulb plants and flowering shrubs of Australia, southern Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, and the Orient. Centerre Pledges $150,000 to Center for Home Gardening Centerre Bancorporation and Centerre Trust Company have made a joint pledge of $150,000 to the Garden for the develop- ment of the Center for Home Gardening Pavilion. During the 1990s, the 8.5-acre center will be built on the Garden grounds and will feature more than 20 residentially scaled display gardens. Centerre’s pledge is earmarked for the construction of a demonstration kitchen in the pavilion, which will be the first phase of the entire project, to be constructed in 1990-91. “The new Center for Home Gardening is another example of how the Missouri Botanical Garden enhances the St. Louis community,” said Clarence C. Barksdale, chairman and chief executive officer of Centerre Bancorporation. “We are proud to offer our support.” John H. Biggs, president and chief executive officer of Centerre Trust Com- pany, and president of the Garden's board of trustees said, ““The demonstration kitchen is, to us, as bankers, an especially appealing feature because of its practical application to everyday life. We believe it will allow the Garden to expand sig- nificantly its innovative educational programs.” The pavilion will serve as the visitors’ entrance to the Center for Home Garden- ing, a horticultural reference library and an educational facility. It is scheduled for completion in 1991. Gardening NICOTIANA. Tabacum, 1, NICOTIANA foliis lanceolatis. Hort. cliff. 56. Hort. upf. 45. Mat. med. 87. Roy, lugdb. 423. Nicotiana major latifolia. Baxh. pia. 169. Biennochoes. Reneal. fpec. 57. t. 38. Habitat in America, nota Europeis ab 1560. © ruflica, 2. NICOTIANA foliis ovatis. flort. citff. 56. Hort.np/. 4s. Roy. lugdb. 423. Nicotiana minor. Baxh, pin. 170. Pachyphyllfa. Rexeal. /pec. 40. Habitat in America, nunc sm Europa. © Part of a page from Linnaeus’s Species Plantarum showing entries for two species, which would be their first official appearances in the literature. The first entry is made up of the epithet “Tabacum,” the phrase name for the same species, four references to it in earlier works, two synonyms accompanied by literature references, and geographical information. The circled dot represents the sun and gold; Linnaeus used it to indicate annuals. ONTRARY to common grum- bles, botanists do not change the names of plants in a spirit of intellectual vandalism. Yes, names do wobble disturbingly, but the problem is with the plants, not with their students. The chief trouble is that there are roughly 250,000 species, not to mention subgroups within species. I wonder how many species there are per botanist... it is awesome to ponder. Whatever that number may be, it would not tell the whole troublesome story, since it would involve the complacent acceptance of spe- cies as well-defined units. Unfortunately, even defining species can be tough. Any given species might be dis- tributed over a vast and largely inaccessi- ble area, and it may vary across its range, sometimes in cryptic ways (for example, cold hardiness) and sometimes in ways that depend more on the environment than on ancestry. It might hybridize with other species (or are these just variants of the species in question’). The species may split up into asexual clones, each a lit- tle different from the others—such clones have often been named misleadingly as separate species. The classification of hawthorns, as a case in point, has suffered from this. Traditional definitions of species are generally concerned with the ability to cross: horses breed with other horses, and donkeys do likewise with other don- keys, but crossing horses and donkeys does not work, so they must be different species. One of the main problems with | this is that there are degrees of inter- Maitaercee Whats in a Name? breeding. Even the results of this familiar | example are inconclusive. The cross does yield an offspring, a mule, which, how- ever, 1s sterile and cannot blur the line | between its two parental species further. To dream up a hypothetical but realis- tic example from the plant world, consider two different-looking orchids in Brazil that | never cross in the wild because they have | different flowering times, habitats, and pollinators. Yet, if the pollen is plucked from one and forced into the other by an | experimenter, perhaps a few viable seeds | form that germinate into seedlings able to survive pampered in the greenhouse but not in nature. Do the two parents repre- sent two different species? Even if such artificial crosses were adopted as the test, remember those 250,000 species out | there to be tested. In practice, most spe- cles are recognized by comparison of sets of pressed, dried specimens. There are 3.5 million such specimens at the Mis- sour! Botanical Garden. Even using pressed specimens, spe- cies can be nebulous. They do not always have the crisp, clear borders that we might like. And as the song goes, “how do | not do. Such names were in use well you catch a cloud and pin it down?” Part of the answer involves a device known as the type specimen. This is one specimen chosen when a species is named to serve as its fixed reference point. In-depth dis- cussion of types lies beyond this friendly introduction. However, as an illustration of how types are useful, consider one example. Suppose that after studying 500 specimens of species “‘A’ we conclude that we are really confronted with two species, one of them previously undescribed. Which of the two species in front of us should still be called species “A,” and which should receive a new name? Easy, the species to which we assign the type specimen of species “A” retains its name, even if the other species accounts for 495 of our 500 specimens. Our newly discovered species must be named. But beware, people have been naming species for a long time, so it could be that long ago someone else already supplied a different name to the species that we think is new. This is common: some species accumulate long strings of such synonyms. Subject to exceptions, if an older name turns up down the road, the name we selected must be displaced. A second hazard is that in some catacomb there lurks a dusty tome containing the name we chose already applied to a differ- ent species. Should the dark secret ever come to light, our use of the name must be thrown out. If you are a heckler at heart, reading the preceding paragraph you may have experienced the urge to mumble, “OK then, if the oldest name for a plant must be adopted, what did they call Acer platanoides in the Stone Age?” Searching back through old records to avoid the problems mentioned above is a big aspect of botanical work, but it is not carried to the ridiculous. This is where the “father of plant tax- onomy” enters the picture. In 1753, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus pub- lished his Species Plantarum, which has become the official starting point for plant nomenclature. Linnaeus is often credited with inventing the modern two-part plant name, suchas Quercus alba, which he did 6. — before Linnaeus. What he did was thoroughly survey the known plant world, compiling, gather- ing the various names applied to species, listing literature references, and recording other data. Linnaeus’s contribution thus 1s a tremendous synthesis, and yes, he did use two-part plant names, applying them consistently throughout his work. The second portion of the name (the specific epithet) appears in the margin. In the snippet from the Species Planta- rum accompanying this article, the ““Taba- cum” in the upper left corner is the specific epithet for tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum. He also supplied longer, descriptive phrase names to each spe- cles, in this case, Nicotiana folits lan- ceolatis. Returning to the matter of naming our species and the haz- ards involved, to avoid nomenclatural trou- bles later, the chosen name must be of an acceptable form, spelled according to | standardized conven- tions, presented to the world properly, and accompanied by a Latin description. The last requirement allows botanists who speak languages other than that of the person describing the species to comprehend its dis- tinguishing character- istics. How plant names are governed does not make scintillating reading. Suffice it to say that a document known as the /nterna- tional Code of Botanical Nomenclature guides new and changed names and spe- cifies that existing names be standardized to some extent. Thus, although it is annoying to find Jmpatiens wallerana and Impatiens walleriana or Euonymus alatus and Euonymus alata in different hand- books, the rules of nomenclature settle the matter by making it clear that the lat- ter spellings are the ones to use. So far most of the discussion has focused on species; however, species occupy just one step in a hierarchy of categories. They can be subdivided into subspecies and/or varieties and/or forms. Note that varieties are formal categories not to be confused with casual applica- Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) tions of the term or with so-called “culti- vated varieties,” which are cultivars and are very different. Looking in the opposite direction, related species are grouped into genera (singular: genus). The species of oaks (red oak, white oak, and so forth) | together make up the genus Quercus. Genera are grouped into families, which have names ending in -aceae (a few fami- lies have alternative names that do not end this way). The bean family is the Fabaceae, or to use the alternative name, the Leguminosae. From families we climb through increasingly inclusive categories: | orders, classes, and divisions. A common source of confusion, culti- vars are the works of man and woman and thus stand a world apart from all the other categories under consideration, which are the works of evolution. Cultivars their own code nomenclature, and their names are read- have follow the name of a genus, species, or subunit of a species and are capitalized and enclosed in single quotes. They differ further in not being set in italic type and by usually not being Latin. In Camellia japonica ‘Polar Bear’, Camellia japonica is the species name, and ‘Polar Bear’ is the cultivar. With this extra background, we can return to the theme of changes in plant names. While many changes are beyond argument, such as an older properly pub- lished name turning up, other changes are open to interpretation, particularly those | connected with differences in opinion on the position of a group in the hierarchy. Is it a species, or should it be a subspecies? of | ily recognized. They | To which genus does it belong? Such questions are especially troublesome for persons concerned with the plants involved but not set up to study all the related research. For an imaginary case study, suppose that a botanist concludes from diligent research that the genus of apples (Malus) should be merged with the genus of oranges (Citrus). The resulting single, broadened genus would be called Citrus, this being the older name, and the name of the common apple would have to be changed from Malus pumila to Citrus pumila, barring some unlikely contingen- cies. But this change would be required only if you are convinced that apples and oranges belong to the same genus. Here is one mechanism by which multiple names for a given species come into use, and it might be better to regard such cases as differences in interpretation rather than “‘those botanists changing names again.” A real example is one of the familiar wildflowers known as false Solomon’s- seal. The species is commonly called Smilacina stellata; however, a researcher not long ago combined the genera Smila- cina and Maianthemum to yield the han- dle Maianthemum stellatum for false Solomon’s-seal, Matanthemum being the older generic name. Students of plant classification do not look for older names and combine genera to befuddle the rest of the world. Rather, there is a great deal to learn, even about | species in nearby woods and gardens, not to mention about evolution, geological history, ecology and other broad areas that bear upon classification. Science moves forward slowly with most name changes resulting from broadening perspectives, increasingly refined techniques, accumulating data, and improved understanding. Sticking tightly to names, that from our standpoint in time and space seem to be established, is false security. In terms of reflecting relationships and of achieving a meaning- ful, unambiguous system, the names we | know often turn out to be just plain wrong. Wouldn't it be a pity to stop chang- ing them? —George Rogers, Ph.D. Botanical names are not changed to befuddle us; sometimes they turn out to be just plain wrong. ‘I SA ANN WM EE RI 7 aE Ask the Do you have a plant question? Call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to noon, at 577-5143. Winter has blanketed herself about us, but no self-respecting gardener has allowed his or her mind to stray too far from summery thoughts. Of course, the arrival of the new seed and nursery cata- logs helps. Let’s touch on a few of the interesting items we can look forward to in 1988. ALL-AMERICANS All-American selections, as always, head the list. In a new Bedding Plant Flower category is a hybrid Petunia ‘Ultra Crimson Star. Displaying large blooms in a crimson and white star pattern, this petunia performed equally well in both garden and greenhouse and shows late season disease tolerance. Other All American winners include Celosia ‘New Look’ which is the first dwarf, bronze-leaved plumosa celosia. Shasta Daisy F, Hybrid ‘Snow Lady’, is a tender perennial that blooms as early as an annual, bearing large flowers on a 10-inch by 12-inch dwarf plant. NEW VEGETABLES All the other All-American selections for 1988 come from the vegetable patch, though Okra ‘Burgundy’ has ornamental possibilities with its bright burgundy- colored pods and red-veined leaves. Don't forget to leave a few pods on the plant to mature and dry. Dried Okra pods make an unusual addition to floral arrangements. Space is at a premium for many gardeners and cucumber F, Hybrid ‘Salad Bush’ takes hardly any at all. Disease resistant and early maturing, it requires only two square feet to produce good yields of eight-inch slicing cucumbers. It’s compact size makes this winner equally at home in the edible border, container gar- den or in a hanging basket. Gourmet vegetables continue to be “hot” items in gardening circles and 1988 brings us not one, but two All-American pepper selections. ‘Mexi Bell’ hybrid is the first bell pepper with a mildly hot fla- vor. These TMV-tolerant bush peppers may be harvested when green or left on Miigessea What’s New for ’&8 the plant to change to chocolate brown or a fully ripened red color. The other winning pepper is ‘Super Chil’ hybrid. This hot chili has been bred not only for higher yields, but also ornamental value. Holding its fruit upright on semi-compact plants, ‘Super Chili’ will be an attractive addition to both the edible border and vegetable gardens. The final 1988 All-American winner and by far the sweetest is the Sweet Corn Hybrid ‘Honey ’n Pearl’. A yellow white bi-color corn with nine-inch ears, this elevated-sugar type should be grown iso- lated from other corn in order to preserve its super sweet quality. FLOWERS Another new annual likely to find a place in our gardens is ‘Sugar Madness’ petunia. With a compact habit and bright orchid flowers with dark veins, it needs little pinching and is very disease resis- tant. The Petunia ‘Streamer’ series are extra-large flowered cascading grandiflora types. Available in a wide range of colors, they were bred for use in hanging baskets. Salvia ‘Hotline Salmon’ from Park Seed joins the previously introduced ‘Red’, ‘White’, and ‘Violet’ to complete its ‘Hotline’ series. /mpatiens ‘Red Velvet’ is a new super elfin type that blooms prolifi- cally and tolerates quite a bit of sun if mulched and kept well watered. TOMATOES & ROSES Tomato lovers should take note of ‘Carnival’ VFFN. This hybrid is another in the same series from Petoseed which includes the 1984 All-American winner ‘Celebrity. Rose fanciers with a taste for some- thing different will find just that in ‘Blue Skies’, a striking blue-colored fragrant Hybrid Tea. It will be available only from Inter-State Nurseries, Box 208, Ham- burg, Iowa (catalog free). NEW IRIS CULTIVARS With the newly planted Goodman Iris Garden here at Missouri Botanical Gar- den scheduled for its floral debut in 1988, much attention will be focused on these lovely, hardy perennials. Many exciting new cultivars have been developed recently and a number of these have been introduced by Charles Klehm & Son Nursery. A large selection of Iris is included among many other perennials in their catalog available by writing Klehm Nursery, Rt. 5, 197 Penny Road, South Barrington, IL 60010. TOOLS & EQUIPMENT Many catalogs feature gardening tools and supplies, but Gardener’s Supply, 128 Intervale Road, Burlington, VT 05401 (catalog free) consistently features innovative and practical items. Some new selections include the Leaf Eater, a light- weight electric machine designed specifi- cally for shredding leaves. This shredder was rated very highly in recent tests con- ducted by Horticulture magazine. Several new products are designed as season extenders for longer vegetable harvests. The Winter Tunnel is an air bubble blan- ket that will protect plants from tempera- tures as low as 20°F. It contains a UV inhibitor and should last several years. Agronet is a new generation floating row cover designed for frost and wind protec- tion. Laid directly over plants, it will not abrade them or cause them to overheat. NEW BOOKS With all these new plants and products available it will take some thought to inte- grate them into your current garden scheme. Just such help is available from Creative Home Landscaping, a newly pub- lished volume from Ortho Books. An idea book for the do-it-yourselfer, it contains advice from a group of professional land- scape architects, general contractors and horticultural experts. For those of us who occasionally have to deal with insect pests, another new book from Ortho’s How-to series is “Controlling Lawn and Garden Insects.” These and many other books for your gardening pleasure are available in the book section of the Garden Gate Shop. —Chip Tynan, The Answer Service Don't miss Chip on the KXOK Garden Show (AM 630) each Saturday from 8 to 9 a.m. 8. oo MUMBO es RE rah BR The Jennie Latzer Kaeser Memorial Maze The new Jennie Latzer Kaeser Memo- rial Maze looks very much at home between Tower Grove House and the Henry Shaw Townhouse. Dedicated last September, it was made possible through a bequest from Mrs. Albert Kaeser and a gift from Mr. and Mrs. Vernon W. Piper (her daughter). In this setting it recreates in concept the maze constructed by Shaw in the 1860s in Tower Grove Park. Visitors can wander through the laby- rinth of hedges 90 by 90 feet, in an area depressed 21/2 feet, so that persons on the outside can watch those on the inside. Hedges of arborvitae on the outer edges and yew on the inside, are maintained at a height of 51/2 feet. Gravel paths lead to a central vine-clad gazebo. An observatory is planned for people wishing to see the design from above, and will be con- structed later. History and Meaning The Maze is a mystery waiting to be solved! A puzzle to put one at a loss. The maze, or labyrinth, is an “intricate combi- nation of passages in which it is difficult to FROM THE GARDEN GUIDES find one’s way or to reach the exit,’ according to the Random House Dictio- nary. Through the centuries mazes have been found in brick or stone floorings, in underground tunneling, in outlines formed in cut turf, and in enclosed hedges. Always the objective was the same: to frustrate and confuse. The nature of the maze has varied over the centuries. In early times it became a spiritual pil- grimage in which worshipers shuffled on their knees along the twists and turns to reach a central altar. For some Christians it represented an allegorical path to salva- tion. For others it represented the puz- zlements of life and love. For many more it was just a contrivance to amuse. One of the earliest mazes, a tomb and a monument, appeared in northern Egypt around 2000 B.C. Remnants of it survived until the nineteenth century. Beginning with the tenth century, the English became maze enthusiasts. The English love to be diverted by wrong turns and dead ends! Turf mazes came into vogue. They were either paths cut a few inches into the grass or the removal of strips of sod to expose the pattern in earth. Turf mazes rely on the play of light and shade, though they look their best in bright sun. Renaissance mazes were often planted in hyssop, santolina or thyme to delight the senses of the visitor. The hedge-type maze was planted in some of the best gardens. Some were box, some yew, and some privet. Beech, holly, and hornbeam were also recom- mended plants. Mazes flourished in the Tudor period (1485-1603). One example was at Hamp- ton Court. It took 15 minutes to work out an escape. During the Industrial Revolution and two world wars, the fascination with maze construction, let alone maintenance, dropped off. Today in England there is a renaissance in the Victorian garden form. Old ones have been refurbished and new designs created. Now there are more in England than anywhere, with around 60 in existence. A resurgence in tourism has furthered the trend. The world’s largest maze is at Lon- gleat House—380 by 175 feet. Visitors need 90 minutes to solve its mysteries— long enough for hysteria to set in. It winds under six bridges and twisted paths for 1/2 miles. One designer of mazes, Adrian Fisher, said, “the maze is the negation of every- thing we do in life—striving to get from A to B quickly.” A New Tour The Garden Guides are offering a new tour called The Maze In An Architectural Setting. The Garden brings together thir- teen decades of architectural style in one 79-acre plot. Where else can one find such rich diversity of style? An English Orangery is next to a sleek modern orien- tation center. An Italian villa faces out toward a geodesic dome. A bold granite fountain seems to erupt out of the earth beside a victorian town house. Every- where it is a study in contrasts. And the most singular thing of all is that the diver- sity in architecture is more than matched by the diversity of plants! —Sally Davidson, Garden Guide THE FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA: Meeting a Century-Old Challenge For over a century, botanists have dreamed of describing all the plants in North America. Henry Muhlenberg, a prominent nineteenth century botanist, exhorted his colleagues: “Let each one of our American botanists do something, and soon the riches of America will be known.” Botanical luminaries such as Asa Gray, John Torrey, Benjamin Smith Bar- ton, and Thomas Nuttall attempted to publish floras of North America; some of them completed parts of the flora, while others were forced to abandon their projects by other commitments, adverse circumstances, or death. A Flora of North America was begun many times, but never completed—a surprising gap for a continent that is so well researched. The idea of a continental flora still challenges botanists today. Dr. Nancy Morin, head of the Her- barium at the Garden, is meeting the chal- lenge of producing a Flora of North America. As convening editor, she has organized a committee to take responsi- bility for compiling the l1l-volume opus. This committee consists of 20 plant sys- tematists (botanists who study and name plants according to their evolutionary relationships) from institutions as diverse as Harvard, Jacksonville State, and the National Museums of Canada. Morin envisions the project as ‘‘a cooperative effort. Participants are people who are willing to do a lot of hard work.” When asked how she sees her role as convening editor, she says: “I give the project direc- tion, and I’m the glue that holds it together.” The Flora of North America will con- tain the names and descriptions of all the plants occurring without cultivation in North America north of Mexico, esti- mated to be between 17,000 and 20,000 species. (The number varies depending on how you divide and name the species. Making such decisions is part of the project’s challenge.) Oxford University Press (New York) will publish the books over a 12-year period. The follow-up work “has the potential to become a lifetime project,” according to Morin. After publication, a computer- ized data base containing all the informa- tion in the volumes will be constantly Fern specialists at the Garden, George Yat- skievych, standing, and Robbin Moran, are contributing to the Flora of North America project. Yatskievych is also revising Steyer- mark’s Flora of Missouri, in a cooperative effort with the Missouri Department of Con- servation. Moran also serves as editor of ferns for the Flora Mesoamericana project, which is sponsored jointly by the Garden, the British Museum (Natural History) and the National University in Mexico City. updated—a resource for generations of botanists to come. Producing a Flora of North America means researching the characteristics, habitats, and distributions of all the plants on the continent, and compiling this infor- mation into a plant description. A descrip- tion might tell you, for example, that a certain species of stinging nettle is between half a meter and two meters tall, has toothed leaves and light green flowers, and is found in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in moist, shaded places. Since no single person is capable of studying 20,000 plant species in this kind of detail, systematists studying each plant group will write the descriptions. These specialists won't necessarily work with live plants. Dried, pressed plant specimens, like those housed at the Garden herbarium, will be the keys to producing the Flora of North America. This comes as a surprise to many non- botanists, but it makes sense. Working with preserved specimens allows a sys- tematist to simultaneously study plants collected from previous centuries and numerous areas—a difficult or impossible task with live plants. The flora will also have immediate practical value. Horticulturalists, weed scientists, land-use planners, students, agricultural extension agents, and conser- vationists will be able to use it to find information not readily available now. For example, if a Nature Conservancy scien- tist wants to know the range of a particu- lar rare violet, he or she might have to search through journals, books, and data bases from several states or regions. Searching can be difficult, especially in areas of North America that don’t have current plant lists or descriptions. The Flora of North America will make infor- mation about plants available in a compact form comparable to those available about Europe, China, or the USSR, all of which have recently published comprehensive floras. The Garden is providing in-kind sup- port for the Flora of North America, including computer time and office space, but most of the funding will need to come from the federal government and from pri- vate foundations. Finding money to keep the project running has been another challenging task for Morin. The project is estimated to cost $500,000 per year for the next 12 years. At first glance, that may seem like an overblown price tag for the production of 11 books and a database, but completing the flora requires coordinating hundreds of experts to write plant descriptions, illustrators to draw the plants, editors to polish the final work, and support staff to keep the project going. Many of these people presently donate their time with- out pay—evidence of their belief in the importance of the project. Morin and her colleagues plan to cre- ate a flora for scholars and laymen, and they're seeking advice from researchers, foresters, curators, and teachers about how to make the volumes usable. The completed flora will be the first catalog of all the known plants in North America— one of the many scientific challenges being met at the Garden. —Carol Blaney Project Coordinator Tiger at Dawn An Exhibit of Paintings by Robert Bateman Reflections of Nature, an exhibit of the work of wildlife artist Robert Bateman, will be presented by the Garden from Febru- ary 6 through March 13, 1988 in the Garden’s Ridgway Center. The exhibition will feature more than 40 of the artist’s works loaned from private collections around the world including those of Their Royal Highnesses The Prince and Princess of Wales and HRH The Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh. To open the exhibit, Mr. Bateman will give a lecture at 5 p.m., Saturday, February 6, in Shoenberg Auditorium. He will also be available to autograph copies of his books, which will be on sale in the Garden Gate Shop. Tickets for the lecture are $10 each and are available, beginning January 18, at the ticket coun- ter in the Ridgway Center. Bateman’s images distill a lifetime’s experience as an artist, naturalist, teacher and conservationist. As a master realist, Bateman celebrates nature’s diversity and the intricate interplay of life and environment. In his paintings the subject and its February 6 through March 13, 1988 “a i ; 4 ‘ B By {| ge ik y 2 REFLECTIONS OF NATURE natural setting are integral, whether he is depicting the animals of the African veldt or the ordinary creatures of a familiar backyard wilderness. His style is characterized by a careful observation of nature, obvious technical skill, and a powerful artistic imagination. Bateman’s paintings capture subjects in the spontaneous moments that reveal nature’s transient, ever changing quality. Insisting on knowing his subjects well before painting them, the artist does extensive fieldwork on wildlife and its environment. He has traveled widely, exploring, collecting, sketching and photographing Canada’s Arctic frontiers, Australia’s Great Bar- rier Reef, East Africa’s game preserves, the Galapagos Islands, the Himalayas of Nepal, the Amazon, the Antarctic, and other exotic areas. Financial assistance for this exhibit has been provided by the Missouri Arts Council, a state agency, and Mill Pond Press. Robert Bateman Bounty of the Wetlands VG Missouri Botanical Garden CALENDAR OF EVENTS MEESEPUERS january-February 1988 12 Tuespay 1-3 FRI.—SUN. Environmental “Update ’88” 7:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditoriu A panel discussion on the envirc ment by several noted leaders in field. Sponsored by the Garden Club of St. Louis. Free. Holiday Vignettes 9 a.m. to5 p.m. daily, Monsanto Hall. Last chance to see the holiday creations of some of St. Louis’ very best visual merchandisers (window dressers) from Dillard’s, Famous- Barr, Neiman-Marcus and Saks Fifth Avenue. 19 tuespay Walking Tour ™) Please see January 5 for details. 3 SUNDAY Sunday Guided Tour 2 p.m. Meet at Ridgway Center ticket counter. Enjoy the Garden with a stroll of the grounds led by Garden Guides. Free. Call 577-5140 for reservations. “JANUARY 23-31 / SATURDAY-SUNDAY Discover the Tropic TUESDAY ee eee 9 a.m. to5 p.m. daily. Ridgway Center. An exhibit of photographs Walking Tour by James P. Blair of the National Geographic Society entitled “Threatened Rain Forests”; a Smithsonian Institution traveling exhibit, “Diversity Endangered”; and MBG Education Division sponsored “Discovery Rooms.” 1 p.m. Meet at Ridgway Center ticket counter rain or shine. Enjoy the Garden with a stroll of the grounds led by the Garden Guides. No reservations needed. Free. 6-22 wep.-FRri. Nature Photography Exhibit 9a.m. to5 p.m. daily, Grigg Hall, Ridgway Center. An exhibit of pho- tographs by Claire Keeler and Audrey Otto. 22 Deadline for Master Gardeners Members’ Orchid Show Previe | 5p.m. to 8 p.m., Climatron. A Course Registration y- | | return to the Climatron for this Pam aroha ses - FEBRUARY 6-MARCH 13 | EXHIBIT year’s Orchid Show. Also view tl National Geographic Exhibit in FRIDAY § FRipay “Reflections of Nature” —Paintings by Robert Bateman Monsanto Hall. 12 TUESDAY 9 a.m. to5 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. Nature paintings on dis- - play by well-known wildlife artist Robert Bateman. Mr. Bateman Walking Tour will give a lecture at 5 p.m. Saturday in Shoenberg Auditorium. Please see January 5 for details. See page 11. 12. 2 SAT.-FEB. 28 thid Show .m. to 4:30 p.m. daily, Clima- n. Annual floral display set idst “Mayan ruins.” > Back Cover. 3 SATURDAY auty and the Beast 1.m. and 1 p.m., Shoenberg jitorium. Don’t miss this creative ‘formance by the Repertory ITC eatre Company. * Members Only. h TUESDAY king Tour ase see January 5 for details. TUESDAY iIking Tour ‘ase see January 5 for details. SATURDAY nter Tree Walk and Workshop n us for an indoor-outdoor ses- n concentrating on winter iden- cation of deciduous trees and rubs. We will take a brisk walk ‘ough portions of the Arboretum d provide practical experience in > recognition of trees by their igs and winter profiles. Identifica- n of conifers will be considered efly. Bring a lunch; coffee will be wided. nneth Peck, Technical Advisor, Hummert Seed Company 30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Rain date: February 13 set at Arboretum Visitor Center; -ourse will be held at Adlyne Freund Education Center. Member, $10 Non-member, $8 Senior Citizen S 7 y FEBRUARY 10-MARCH 16 WEDNESDAYS “Gardening by Design” Lecture Series 1 and 8 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. First of six lecture dates—others are Feb. 17 & 24 and March 2, 9 & 16. Kick off for popular lecture series by experts on gardening subjects. Lecturers to be announced. Tickets sold initially on a subscription only basis (six), $20 Garden Members, $25 non- members. Single tickets only available ($4 Garden Members, $5 non-members) if series not sold out, and only at the door the day of the lecture. Watch your mail for details. FEBRUAR Y 7 sunpay Sunday Guided Tour Please see January 3 for details. § tuespay Walking Tour Please see January 5 for details. 1] THuRspay Arm Chair Garden Tour 11 a.m. and 7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. A slide presentation of North American public conservato- ries by Bill Wagner, superintendent of display greenhouses. For Members Only. 16 Walking Tour Please see January 5 for details. TUESDAY 17 wepnespay Gardening By Design Second of six subscription series lectures. Please see February 10 for more information. SATURDAY 20 Legends of Black Heritage ll a.m. - 5 p.m., Ridgway Center. Storytelling and theatre perfor- mances for children and adults. Sto- | ries of Black heritage. Free. 23 Walking Tour Please see January 5 for details. TUESDAY 24° weDNEspay Gardening By Design Third of six subscription series lec- tures. Please see February 10 for more information. FEBRUARY 27-28 / SATURDAY & SUNDAY Spring Gardening Fair 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. Series of informational lectures and exhibits on gardening. Free. Advance reservations required for lectures by calling 577-5125. Pew tHE MEMBERSHIP OF FIC® Travel With the Garden in 1988 Mark your calendars for exciting travel opportunities with the Missouri Botanical Garden this year. JANUARY 16-27 Costa Rica This unique 12 day trip highlights the natural wonders, cultural riches and cap- tivating beauty of Costa Rica. Visit the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, the Marenco Biological Station and explore the area’s beautiful and delicate ecology. We have also included visits to the National, Gold and Jade Museums, a sunny Pacific Ocean island, anda ride ona scenic narrow gauge train. MAY 6-19 The Gardens and Villas of Italy This elegant tour of Italy has been planned by Judy Peil Travel for Garden Members. Escorted by Alan Godlewski, Missouri Botanical Garden's director of horticulture, this trip promises the most phenomenal behind-the-scenes peek at spectacular private gardens, accommoda- tions at private palaces and pampered treatment! MAY 31-JUNE 10 Historic Gardens and Homes of New England Aboard the I/liria Enjoy this delightful excursion along the majestic Hudson River, the rugged coast of Maine, and the lively Bay of Fundy. We will visit the finest mansions— Boscobel, Lyndhurst, and Vanderbilt Mansion—all in June when their gardens are in full splendor. Make your travel plans now by calling Brenda Banjak, Membership Coordinator at 577-5108. Members’ Board Elects Officers At the November meeting of the Gar- den’s Members’ Board the following offi- cers were elected: Ellen (Mrs. Henry W.) Dubinsky, president; Sue (Mrs. Rudyard K.) Rapp, first vice president; Ms. Elaine Alexander, second vice president; D'Arcy (Mrs. Robert P.) Elsperman, secretary; and Mr. Frederick H. Atwood III, treasurer. Be My Valentine Make your Valentine happy...send a Missouri Botanical Garden membership and a box of Fannie May Candy this Valen- tine’s Day. Send the application below or call 577-5118 to order your Valentine mem- bership today. The Garden will deliver this unique Valentine gift to your Valen- tine’s doorstep. 1988 Members’ Days Repertory ITC Theatre Company—‘Beauty and the Beast” January 23 February 11. 3=3=Arm Chair Garden Tour— Slide presentation on public conservatories in North America March 3 Garden Lecture April 9 Arbor Day Celebration for Children and Dads May 20 Purple Martin Evening June 16 Guided Tour of New Greenhouses July 8 Members’ Musical Night at the Garden August 12 Early Morning Stroll September 15 Water Lilies and Sculpture Walk October 16 Members’ Camera Day Older Adults’ Day— “World’s Fair” Slides and Lectures November 15 December 10 Holiday Decoration Demonstration GIFT MEMBERSHIP ORDER FORM — Please mail at least three weeks prior to occasion: STATE ZIP Date Needed By: Regular Membership $35. Contributing Membership $75. For more information call 577-5118. Expiration date: L_] Valentine’s Day |} Birthday L_] Other Gift To: Gift From: NAME NAME ADDRESS ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP. CITY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE Sign gift card: LJ Enclosed is my check for $ L_] Please charge: VISA No. MasterCard No. Name as it appears on card: Please make checks payable to: Membership Office, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. HALLOWEEN HAPPENING On Sunday, October 25, about 1,000 ghosts, goblins and other scary creatures of the night invaded the Ridgway Center and nearby areas. These beings from the other side had only one thing in mind— having fun! The second annual Henry Shaw Hal- loween Garden, a production of the Members’ Board, was a huge success. An event of this magnitude can only happen with a lot of hard work. Special thanks go to event co-chair- persons Mary Longrais and Mico Murphy and their group of 50 volunteers for a wonderful day! < Winners in the family costume category were, what else, the Amaryllidaceae family. NEWS FROM SHAW ARBORETUM Experimental Prairie Update Earlier this year Shaw Arboretum received a $20,000 grant from the Edward K. Love Conservation Fund for the Experimental Prairie Project. This timely gift enabled the Arboretum to employ a part-time horticulturist to grow and help plant a new wildflower plot on the north end of the prairie. More than 5,000 plants consisting of eight species of prairie grasses and 42 species of wildflowers were included. This diverse naturalistic planting will also serve as a seed nursery for many species that are not numerous in the rest of the prairie. In spite of the pro- tracted drought, these plants grew well with supplemental watering from a tractor-drawn water wagon and should be spectacular in 1988 and for years to come. The size of the prairie was increased to 74 acres by planting six more acres north of Mirror Lake. Fifty-six pounds of seeds from four species of prairie grass were planted with a special seed drill brought to the Arboretum by the Missouri Department of Conservation. After drilling in the grass seed, 77 pounds of wildflower seeds were planted by broad- casting directly onto this six acres. Thirty-one species of wildflowers were used, most of which were collected on the Experimental Prairie. This six-acre planting marks the first time we were able to plant a large area with a large amount of wildflower seeds of so many species and, if successful, it will be a beautiful and diverse addition to the Experimental Prairie. Bill Davit Arboretum Naturalist Halloween Magic Halloween, as we know it today, is a collage of traditions and myths that span centuries. Some of these traditions came alive this Halloween when the Arbore- tum’s education staff, and the Garden's ECO-ACT High School Student Leader- ship Program joined together to create a “Night of Enchantment.” Small groups of big and little goblins, ghosts, and ghouls followed the Jack-O- Lantern lit trail through forest and field where wizard and fairy guides periodically halted their following to set the stage for the ECO-ACT students to perform their creative costumed interpretation of Hal- loween legends. For those who touched and were touched by this “Night of Enchantment,” these are the treats of Halloween. —Gary Schimmelpfenig Arboretum Education Instructor eee CTE EN Oe NRE ROLE Wildflower plot established in 1987. SHADE GARDEN ci ey WOODLAND GARDEN LAKE GARDEN PATIO GARDEN A Glorious Garden Tour i WHAT COULD BE BETTER than a lovely Sunday afternoon in June? For Garden members, Sunday, June 12, featured a tour of ten of the most beautiful private home gardens in St. Louis. The last such tour was held in 1986. The ten gardens displayed a wide variety of splen- did landscaping, from small walled areas to wide, sweeping lawns. The day-long tour was attended by more than 1,300 Members, including Dr. and Mrs. Thomas B. Hall, who came all the way from Shawne: Mission, Kansas. The day ended with a delightful Southern-style garden party at another magnificent home not include on the day’s tour. The festivities were highlighted by a drawing for a trip to Hawaii courtesy of TWA and Westin Hotels, won by Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach Morr ANNUAL GARDEN ENGLISH GARDEN CITY GARDEN ARCHITECT'S GARDEN and Pa The garden tour and party were made possible by he dedicated chairmanship of Mrs. Walter F. Bal- nger III and Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr., the enerosity of the garden owners, and the hard work f more than 200 volunteers. By all accounts the day yas a grand success, and the Garden extends its hanks to all who participated. q . bes f fe rf - ; 4 pee \ . tn. : 0 ” we ay: \ 4 RY r The 1988 Garden Tour Committee enjoying the Finale Party following a long and highly successful day. From left to right: James Schneithorst, Sue Oertli, Mary Randolph Ballinger, Ann Bowen and Ellen Dubinsky. « ~ 1 FRipay Folklore & Legends: “Tales that Grew With America” ll a.m. to3 p.m., Ridgway Center and grounds. Continuous story- telling sessions for children, co- sponsored by the St. Louis Gateway Storytellers and the St. Louis Public Library. Free. Works by Carl Milles 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. Display of sculptures and drawings by the noted Swedish sculptor. Free. FRI.—MON. 2 saTURDAY Walking Tour 1 p.m. Meet at Ridgway Center ticket counter rain or shine for a tour of the grounds led by Garden Guides. Free. 3 SUNDAY Walking Tour 2 p.m. Meet at Ridgway Center ticket counter rain or shine. Learn about the Garden with a tour led by Garden Guides. Free, but reserva- tions are required for Sunday tours: call 577-5140. TUESDAY Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. § | WEDNESpay Children’s Film Fest: “An American Tale” 11 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Every Wednesday in July features films for kids and the young at heart. Doors open 30 min- utes before showtime. $1 at the door. § FRipay Members’ Musical Evening: “Music at Twilight” 7:30 to 9 p.m., Spoehrer Plaza. An open-air concert featuring the Compton Heights Pep Band. Seat- ing available. Free to Members. GV Missouri Botanical Garden CALENDAR OF EVENTS SATURDAY Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. Henry Shaw Cactus Society Show Opens at noon on Sat., July 9; open SAT. -—SUN. 9a.m. to5p.m. daily, Ridgway Cen- ter. Display and juried show of a wide variety of cacti and succulents. Plants will be available for sale. Free. 12 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. TUESDAY 18 9 wepnespay Children’s Film Fest: “A Boy Named Charlie Brown” 11 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. See July 6 for details. July-August 1988 JULY 24 /HENRY SHAW'S BIRTHDAY PICNIC 5 to 8 p.m. Join us for a picnic on the Garden grounds in honor of Henry Shaw’s 188th birthday. Clowns, music, cake and ice cream, plus a special party favor. Bring your own picnic, or order a box supper; reservations are required. Watch your mail for reservation information. For Members only. ———_——- 9 16 18 monpay Plant Clinic 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. On-the-spot identification of plar and horticultural troubleshooting Master Gardeners and other experts. Free. 19 Walking Tour 1 p.m. see July 2 for details. TUESDAY 20 wepnespay | Children’s Film Fest: “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” 11 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., Shoenbe! Auditorium. See July 6 for detail: 23 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. | SATURDAY 23-24 Refreshments for Sale SAT. ie SUN. SATURDAY 9a.m. to5p.m., in the tent adja cent to Tower Grove House. In honor of Henry Shaw’s birthday, July 24, the Tower Grove House Auxiliary will offer lemonade, ice tea and homemade cookies for s “Puppets Galore” ll a.m. to5 p.m., Ridgway Center and grounds. Workshops and per- formances, co-sponsored by St. Louis Puppet Guild. Roving puppets, storytelling and other sur- prises for children of all ages. Work- shops require advance reservations: call 577-5125 beginning Tuesday, July 5. Fees vary with activity. Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. Art by Older Adults 9 a.m. to5p.m., through August 14, Ridgway Center. Exhibit of works of art produced in classes held at the Garden. Free. (See page 15.) 17 Walking Tour 2 p.m. See July 3 for details. SUNDAY 10. ame: | suNpay ry Shaw’s Birthday ebration .m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway Center grounds. Activities in honor of Garden’s founder include music, eshments, lifesize puppets, catures, storytelling and car- e rides to Tower Grove Park. e. (There will be a fee for car- e rides.) From 5 to 8 p.m., there be a picnic for Members only on grounds; see highlight. } TUESDAY king Tour m. See July 2 for details. ] WEDNESDAY dren’s Film Fest: “Bedknobs Broomsticks” .m. and 1:30 p.m., Shoenberg itorium. See July 6 for details. } saturDay king Tour n. See July 2 for details. e for the Future Exhibit m. to 8 p.m. daily through ust 21, Ridgway Center. Educa- al exhibit illustrating how we anger the earth’s environment how we can help make changes he better. Exhibit is by Com- Ground International, London, land. Free. Louis Urban Gardening Fair m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway Center. 1petition and exhibition of fruits, stables, flowers, herbs and ied goods by local gardeners. es will be awarded at noon, wed by demonstrations and bits open to the public. Spon- d by the Gateway Gardening yclation. Call 965-6813 or 2585 for more information. Free. 1 monpay Plant Clinic 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. See July 18 for details. 2 TuESDaY Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. § sarurpay Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 7 sunpay Walking Tour 2 p.m. See July 3 for details. Q tuespay Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 13 SATURDAY Early Morning Stroll 5:30 a.m. The Garden opens early for a special morning stroll, rain or shine. (Sunrise is at 6:13 a.m.) Coffee will be provided. For Members only. Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 15 monpay Plant Clinic 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. See July 18 for details. TYNO AUGUST 13/ETHICS OF THE ENVIRONMENT A special forum sponsored by the Missoun Humanities Council, the state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities 9 a.m. to3 p.m., Ridgway Center. An international panel of speakers will address the issue of how ethics and ethical con- siderations can and do affect the decisions we make about the environment. Keynote address by Lady Jean Medawar, spokes- woman for Common Ground International and the Hope For the Future Exhibit (see July 30, below). Open to the public; $10 registration fee includes all discussion sessions and lunch. EE 16 TuEspay 21 sunpay Walking Tour Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 2 p.m. See July 3 for details. 20 SATURDAY 23 TUESDAY Walking Tour Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. ? 7 SATURDAY Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. 29 = monpay is i Plant Clinic : ~ 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. See July 18 for details. y? 30 | TuESDay Walking Tour 1 p.m. See July 2 for details. Saturday, August 27 - Monday, September 5 (Labor Day) T3TH ANNUAL JAPANESE FESTIVAL 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center and grounds. A salute to the culture of Japan featuring the performing arts, food, music, arts and crafts and much more. Watch for more details; see page 20. a ae Ask the Do you have a plant question? Call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Saturday, 9 a.m. to noon, at 577-5143. Q. I have a nice red dahlia that flowers well, but all the blooms are small. How can I get larger blossoms? A. Some dahlias will naturally produce larger blossoms than others, but you can encourage yours to have larger flowers by pinching out the tips of shoots when they have three pairs of leaves. Two new shoots will form at each joint. When six shoots have formed, remove the top two and the remaining four shoots will pro- duce larger flowers. Q. My sweet alyssum quits blooming around July. How can I encourage it to bloom all summer? A. You may not be able to encourage it to bloom during the hottest summer months here in St. Louis. Sweet alyssum flowers best in cooler locales. It often shuts down flower production as tempera- tures soar. Shearing your plants back now will promote a tidier appearance. As tem- peratures drop, plants will again blossom and often reward you with vigorous blooms until frost. Q. My irises did not bloom well this year. The plants seem very crowded. Do you think I need to divide them? A. Sounds like a good idea. Irises are best divided in late July or early August. Clumps are easily lifted using a garden fork. Save the healthiest rhizomes from the clump, discarding the old centers and any soft pieces. Before replanting, enrich the soil generously with compost or other decayed organic matter. Dust any cut sec- tions of rhizome with sulfur powder and replant with the roots spread out and the tops of the rhizomes slightly above ground. Water well. Q. I have a number of brown patches in my fescue lawn. Down near the soil, there are silky webs with little brown caterpil- lars in them. What can I do? A. Those are likely sod webworm lar- vae and their feeding is possibly the cause of those brown spots. The small golden- tan moths that fly up in front of your lawn mower are the adult pests. Large num- bers of these moths are often a tip-off that you have a problem. Eggs laid by the adults hatch throughout the summer, but are most numerous in late July and August. Insecticides applied at this time will give the best results. In Missouri, Agricultural Guide No. 7201 “Sod Web- worms as Pests of Lawns” provides com- plete details for control. This fact sheet is available for a small fee from any local University of Missouri Cooperative Extension office. The guide sheet No. 7200 “White Grubs in the Lawn” is also available from the same offices. If white grubs are pests in your lawn, insecticidal controls applied after July will yield the best results. Q. I’m interested in planting a fall vegetable garden. Do you have any sug- gestions? A. There is still time to plant many crops. As space becomes available, pre- pare the ground by spading the soil to a depth of six or eight inches. Incorporate a one- to three-inch layer of compost or apply one pound of 12-12-12 fertilizer per 100 square feet. Broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower plants can be set out about the last week of July. Carrots, beets, Chinese cabbage, kale, snap beans and quick- maturing varieties of summer squash can be direct seeded the last week in July. Be sure to keep the soil moist to ensure ger- mination. Leaf lettuce, mustard, kohlrabi, turnip and winter radishes may be seeded by August 20. Spring radishes and succes- sion savings of leaf lettuce may be planted even later. INGioasowees Summer Gardening Q. The lower leaves on my tomato plants get spots, then the leaves yellow, dry up, and fall off. What’s wrong? A. Your tomatoes may have an early blight fungus. Avoid overhead watering as the splashing may spread fungal spores. Spray or dust with a tomato fungicide. Selections such as ‘Jet Star’, ‘Supersonic’ and ‘Roma’ are somewhat resistant to early blight and grow well in our area. Q. The tops of some of my onions have fallen over. Should I bend them all over to make them cure? A. No. Breaking over the tops while they are still green will interrupt growth, and the bulbs will be smaller and won't keep as well. Wait until most of the tops have fallen over naturally. Pull the onions and leave them to air dry in the garden for a day or two. Finish curing by placing them on screens or hanging them in small bunches in a dry, sheltered site. Full air circulation for two or three weeks will be needed for complete curing. TIMELY TIPS: e In order to allow flower buds time to mature, don’t pinch mums after mid-July. e Save garden refuse for adding to com- post piles, but discard seed heads and diseased plants. e Remove spent flowers from all annuals to promote continued blooming. e Plant or move Madonna lilies (Lilium candidum) now before growth resumes in fall. e Divide or transplant oriental poppies as the foliage dies. e Order spring bulbs now for fall planting. Plan on ordering a few extras to force indoors for winter blooming. e Weeds will be easier to control in next year’s garden if seed formation is prevented this year. e Summer pruning of fruit trees in late August will produce a dwarfing effect and better size control. —Chip Tynan, The Answer Service BerROM THE FRAGRANCE FESTIVAL HIGHLIGHTS The floral arranging workshop, directed by Barbara Brundage, the Garden’s floral designer, was organized by the Members’ Board. (Top right, from left to right): DArcy Elsperman, Ginny Senkosky, Mary Longrais, Sue Oertli, and Marian Gould of the Members’ Board during the workshop. (Lower right): Suzanne McMillan, vice president of marketing, Tiffany & Company (left), with Dr. Peter H. Raven and Nora Stern during the “Breakfast With Tiffany’s” benefit. Sponsored by Tiffany & Company, the elegant champagne breakfast featured the debut of the company’s first original fragrance, Tiffany. Record Membership Levels Spring has been good to the Garden. In addi- tion to rainbows of color on the grounds, Garden membership has attracted more than 1,700 new Members raising the total to an all-time record of 22,165. Garden membership is the largest of any St. Louis cultural institution, and the largest metropolitan membership for botanical gardens worldwide. Membership totals are 10 percent higher than last year at this time, and have increased almost 45 percent in the last four years. The latter increase is the most accelerated of any other cultural institution in St. Louis for that period of time. For more information on becoming a mem- ber, call (314) 577-5118. Trustee Profile NORA STERN Nora Stern’s involvement at the Gar- den rivals that of Henry Shaw himself. Completing her 21st year on the Mem- bers’ Board, Nora has also served as a Trustee since 1985. Her accomplish- ments through the years are many. The Fragrance Festival, Nora’s most recent undertaking, was an idea she knew would be a wonderful opportunity for the Garden. “The Fragrance Festival seemed to be a natural for us. The essence of fra- grance is what we are all about and the Festival is a perfect way to market what we do at the Garden,” Nora explained. She admits, now that the first festival is behind her, that she was extremely ner- vous about its success. She had no idea at its inception over three years ago that the MEMBERS LN gE >A . ie” . Wer Festival would be as complex as it was, involving a major shopping center and a number of sponsors. The only other Fra- grance Festival, held in New York, is designed as an educational and commer- cial event. “What we did this year was twenty times larger than the New York Festival and we were able to expand it far beyond what I had originally hoped. The potential for improvement and expansion of the Festival here at the Garden is end- less,” Nora commented. The Fragrance Festival isn’t Nora’s first experience with a special event. Dur- ing her tenure on the Members’ Board, including three terms as President, Nora has been responsible for other large benefits and fund raising events—the Chrysanthemum Ball with Gloria Vander- bilt and the 125th Anniversary Party, to name a few. It was Nora’s idea to offer pic- nics and serve box lunches at the Garden, the format now used for the successful * er OF FFCH he eRe bed ¥ eon Rose Evenings held two nights each year for Members. When asked what she enjoys most about her role at the Garden, Nora said, “The Garden makes it possible for me to be as creative as I want to be; to come up with exciting ideas like the Fragrance Fes- tival. I find the opportunity to work with the Trustees, Members’ Board, staff, and Dr. Raven a wonderful experience. The results of this strong cooperation have been tremendous. “The 1988 Fragrance Festival is the most recent example of an event that accelerated growth in membership. It’s exciting to look back to 1969, to my first term as President of the Members’ Board when we had a membership of 2,200 and served drinks and hors d'oeuvres our- selves at premieres and previews. Now we are servicing over 22,000 Members with a fantastically talented membership that helps assure our success.” HeEnryY SHAW FUND COMMITTEE Is HONORED At the Garden’s Board of Trustees meeting on May 18, O. Sage Wightman, chairman of the Henry Shaw Fund com- mittee, presented the results of the Fund’s 1987 campaign. The Board hon- ored members of the committee for their hard work on the Fund’s behalf. The Henry Shaw Fund is the Garden's annual effort to raise operating support for its many programs and services. Tax support through the Botanical Garden Subdistrict of the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District 1s, of course, a major source of revenue for Garden oper- ations, as is support from more than 22,000 Garden memberships. Together, these two sources provide income to cover nearly fifty percent of the Garden's operating expenses. Admission fees and grants from foundations and corporations cover even more of these operating expenses. Yet these sources do not fund all of the Garden’s activities in research, educa- tion, and display. Gifts to the Henry Shaw Fund from individuals and corporations make up the difference. Director Peter H. Raven likes to call the Fund the Garden's “margin of excellence.” Every fall, the Henry Shaw Fund con- = =| : . - .? 5 Members of the Henry Shaw Fund committee honored at the May Board of Trustees meeting ducts its annual appeal. The Garden con- tacts some of its Members by telephone. Others are asked by letter to consider a gift in addition to their memberships. The Henry Shaw Fund committee is part of this overall effort. Committee volunteers personally and directly approach some of the Garden’s most com- mitted Members and other friends of the Garden to give through the Fund. In 1987, the committee’s efforts brought in approximately $118,000 out of a Fund goal totaling $500,000. In his presentation to the Board of Trustees, Wightman praised the commit- tee’s work as “extremely time-consum- ing,” requiring ‘“‘a great deal of planning and follow-up and dedication.” Through their visits and telephone calls, the com- mittee members shared their personal commitment to the Fund with potential donors. Committee member Rob Williams put it this way: “Because the Fund supports the overall operations of the Garden, gifts made through the Fund give the institu- tion the flexibility it needs” to fund the wide variety of projects the Garden undertakes each year. include (back row, left to right): Lucius Morse, David Wells, John Wallace, Patrick Ackerman; (front row, left to right): committee chairman O. Sage Wightman, Landers Carnal, Rosemary Carson, Mim Kittner, and Jules Campbell. Not able to attend were Andrew N. Baur, Walter Stern, Rob Williams, Robert Kresko and Hal Wuertenbaecher. EEE Library Receives Grant from Department of Education The Garden library has been awarded a grant from the United States Depart- ment of Education to continue its ongoing project of reclassifying and recataloging its collections into an automated catalog- ing database (OCLC). The grant award of $253,320 for OCLC entry will be shared with The New York Botanical Garden. The Garden’s share is $109, 218. The facili- ties boast two of the nation’s most com- prehensive botanical libraries. Effective from Jan. 1, 1989 to Dec. 31, 1989, the award supports the completion of the project, which began in October 1978 with Department of Education funding. The continued entry of the libraries’ holdings into OCLC is significant because over 7,000 libraries use the system and rely heavily on remote access to the data through the use of computer networks. The two libraries hold a significant per- centage of the world’s printed literature on the following: plant systematics, plant distribution and floristic studies; plant identification; history of botany and hor- ticulture; herbal literature; pre-Linnaean botany; and the biographies and bibliogra- phies of botanists, plant explorers and horticulturists. IMS Awards Garden $75,000 The Institute of Museum Services (IMS) has awarded the Garden one of its prestigious grants for 1988. Competition for these awards is strong, because they provide virtually unrestricted direct sup- port for all types of museum activities. The program made 402 awards out of 1311 applications. The Garden received $75,000, the maximum grant made by the IMS. The award is based on the strength and quality of the applicant, as defined by its manage- ment of available resources to provide the best possible services to its community and the general public. The IMS is an independent federal agency established by Congress in 1976 to assist museums in their efforts to pre- serve the nation’s cultural, historic and scientific heritage. ee NEWS FROM TOWER GROVE HOUSE Tower Grove House Accepted by Victorian Society in America Tower Grove House has been ac- cepted as a member of the Victorian Society in America. The society is a com- panion organization of the English Vic- torian Society, which was among the first groups in the world organized to support the recognition and preservation of nineteenth-century architecture. Built in 1849, Tower Grove House has been reno- vated and is historically authentic. The Victorian Society in America brings together lovers of Victorian archi- tecture, decorative arts, painting, music, sculpture, photography, literature, gar- dening, craftsmanship and social history. The society holds an annual meeting in various American cities; an autumn sym- posium on a special topic of nineteenth- century America; summer schools in England and America for graduate stu- dents and professional persons in allied fields; and study tours which have taken members as far afield as Victorian India. There are 36 state, local and special inter- est chapters of the Victorian Society in America. Tour Guides Needed The Garden is looking for volunteers to lead tours of Tower Grove House, Henry Shaw’s country home. The house is open seven days a week from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Tour guides are especially needed on Mondays and Tuesdays from 1 to 4:30 p.m., and mornings and afternoons on Saturdays and Sundays. Volunteer tour guides interpret the Victorian era and the lifestyle of Shaw, one of the most prominent and interesting citizens of St. Louis during the nineteenth century. For more information, please call Jeanne McGilligan at 577-5187. IN MEMORIAM Julia M. Lamy Leaves Bequest Julia M. Lamy will certainly be missed at the Garden. Most especially she will be missed at Tower Grove House, where she served on the historical committee and made an outstanding contribution of her time and talent. Now, through the terms of her will, Mrs. Lamy has provided greatly needed support to Tower Grove House, her favor- ite area of the Garden. Visitors to Tower Grove House will benefit from her bequest for years to come. Rate Increase at Garden On April 6, 1988, the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District approved a rate increase at the Missouri Botanical Garden as recommended by the Botanical Garden Subdistrict. Effective June 1, 1988, admission at the Garden will be $2 for adults, $1 for senior citizens. Children aged 12 or younger and Garden members receive complimentary admis- sion. The Garden will retain its two free mornings, Wednesday and Saturday, when all are admitted free before 12 noon. Mrs. Lamy recently died at age 73. Only a few months earlier, her husband Charles had preceded her in death. Both generously supported the Garden and its projects, among their many other civic and cultural interests throughout the St. Louis area. The Lamys are survived by three daughters, Julia Maffitt Lamy of St. Louis, Mary Lamy Phillips of Boulder, Colorado, and Isabel Lamy Lee of Atlanta, Georgia. Julia recently presented the Garden with her mother’s bequest on behalf of the Lamy family. Tribute gifts made in memory of both Mr. and Mrs. Lamy have been listed in several past issues of the Bulletin. CONGRATULATIONS to the winners of the Members’ Arbor Day essay con- test: Meagan Threlkeld (age 7) won brunch for four at the Gardenview Restaurant; Stephen Mohrman (age 6) won a $25 gift certificate from the Garden Gate Shop. Raven Elected to American Philosophical Society Peter H. Raven, director of the Gar- den, has been elected to the American Philosophical Society, the oldest learned society in the United States. Founded by Benjamin Franklin in 1743, the society is one of the most prestigious of its kind and recognizes achievement in sciences, let- ters and the arts. The Philadelphia-based American Philosophical Society regularly supports research and scholars through a program of grants. It also publishes scholarly monographs and maintains a library rich in materials on the history of science. Membership in the American Philo- sophical Society is limited to about 500 residents representing 30 states, and 125 foreign members representing almost two dozen countries. Some of the current members include J. William Fulbright, the Rev. Father Theodore M. Hesburgh, Wil- liam Hewlett, Robert S. McNamara, Eugene Ormandy, David Rockefeller, Charles Scribner, Beverly Sills, Barbara McClintock, Andrew Wyeth, Gunnar Myrdal, Andrei Sakharov and St. Louisan W. Maxwell Cowan. Past members have included George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Paine. Of the 525 people who have received the Nobel Prize, 185 have been members of the society. Older Adults Exhibit Art Work at the Garden During the past year more than 100 older adults participated in a series of drawing, writing, painting and nature craft classes held at the Garden. The classes, designed to showcase the artistic abilities of older adults and show the inspirational power of the Garden, produced a wealth of fine works of art. A selection of these works will be on exhibit July 16 through August 14 in the Ridgway Center during regular hours. The classes were offered through the Garden’s Samuel D. Soule Center for Older Adults and funded by a grant from the Arts and Education Council of Greater St. Louis/CAMELOT Special Projects Fund. Instructors for the classes came from the Garden and through the Older Adult Service Information System’s Older Adult Peer Leadership Program (OASIS-OAPL). IS. From the Garden Gate Shop Celebrate the bounty of summer! For your outdoor entertaining the Shop offers a wide array of plastic glasses, trays and salad bowls, festive paper napkins, and citronella candles. The plant shop fea- tures a glorious display of blooming plants, plus tools and special gardening accessories. In honor of the Japanese Festival the Shop will feature a wide selection of oriental gifts: ceramics, figurines and costumed dolls; windsocks, kites and streamers; silk fans, paper carp and gold dragon lanterns; rosewood fish, origami kits and hand drums. In the plant shop, don’t miss a marvelous selection of bon- sai. Stop by during the Festival for a gift from Japan! As always, gift certificates are available. Botanical Garden Subdistrict Elects Officials The Commissioners of the Botanical Garden Subdistrict held their annual meeting on May 3, 1988 at the Garden. The following commissioners were elected officers for 1988-1989: Walter G. Stern, chairman; Marjorie M. Weir, vice chairman; George H. Walker III, treas- urer; and Doris Moore-Glenn, secretary. The immediate past chairman of the Commission is Pamela Shephard. The Commission of the Botanical Garden Sub- district is a Subdistrict of the Metropoli- tan Zoological Park and Museum District of the City of St. Louis and the County of St. Louis. Behind the Scenes Garden Appoints Research Department Manager W. Douglas Stevens has been ap- pointed research department manager at the Garden. He will assist director of research Enrique Forero in the adminis- tration of the tropical botany research pro- gram. The position is a new one. Dr. Stevens joined the Garden in 1977 as B. A. Krukoff Curator of Central American Botany. His research has been divided between the study of the flora of Nicara- gua and an intensive study of Asclepi- adaceae (the milkweed family) in Latin America. In addition to assisting Dr. Forero in the administration of the program, Stevens is working on a plant manual for Nicaragua that will be published in Span- ish. He is also writing articles on his find- ings on the milkweed family. In Honor Of: Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Ansell Mr. and Mrs. Carl F. Ritchie Adam and Judy Aronson Dr. and Mrs. Hyman R. Senturia Laura Bailis Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher Mr. Gene Barken Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mrs. I. Baumgarten Mr. Melroy Hutnick Mr. and Mrs. Saul Brodsky Mrs. Ernest A. Brooks II Sister Mary Byles Mrs. June C. Kravin Helen Cohen’s Son Ms. Joan Corwin Mrs. Marguerite Connors Dr. and Mrs. Michael H. Winer Steven Frank Mr. and Mrs. Milton J. Canis Mr. Courtney Gould Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mr. and Mrs. Pat Gunter Mr. and Mrs. H. Lynn Boardman Ms. Ida Heimburger Miss Doris B. Rolf Mr. James Henderson Mrs. Margaret L. Henderson Nan L. Henderson Dr. Peter Hoch Great Decisions Mr. August H. Homeyer Mrs. John R. Ruhoff MARCH - APRIL 1988 Mrs. J. A. Jacobs Mrs. Helen C. Maurer Mr. Jack Jennings Frontenac Garden Club Tealwood Garden Club Mrs. J. Eugene Johanson Mr. and Mrs. George W. Achuff Mrs. Willis Jones Dr. and Mrs. John V. Reilly Mrs. Ruth Katz Mrs. Bonnie L. Rubin Dr. Lenard Kent Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Hieken Mr. and Mrs. Paul Kranzberg Mr. and Mrs. Douglas S. Brown Mrs. Blanche J. Freed Mrs. Nancy Sachs Mr. and Mrs. Milton Kushkin Ms. Myrtle G. Weinrobe Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Lancaster Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan Mr. Henry Lowenhaupt Mr. and Mrs. Myron Glassberg Mrs. Kathleen Luepke Mr. and Mrs. Andrew D. Ruhlin Marshall Magner Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Higgins, Jr. Mr. John Masek Farm Trails Garden Club Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Michelson Mr. and Mrs. Macy S. Abrams Mrs. John C. Morfit Mrs. William Bixby, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Irving Olian Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Hirsch Mrs. Frances Rothman Danielle Elizabeth Parrott Craig William Parrott Mrs. Jan Parrott Audrey M. Welch Mr. and Mrs. John Polzin Mrs. Beulah McNulty Gladys and Ray Raborn Norman and Virginia Eshbaugh Judge Walter and Helen Steinburk Mrs. Martin Rockmore Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mrs. Harry Rosenbaum Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Schonwald Mrs. Joan Rosenblum Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson Lewis and Jean Sachs Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber Mrs. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. Mrs. Harry W. Loeb Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putzel Dr and Mrs. Llewellyn Sale, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James W. Singer, Jr. Mrs. Florence G. Stern Mr. Ralph Smith Miss Marian Barnholtz Mr. and Mrs. James Spoehrer Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer Mrs. Richard Teague Dr. and Mrs. Joseph W. Towle Patricia and Thomas Toch Mrs. Maria J. Weingartner Mrs. Biron A. Valier Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler Mr. and Mrs. Norman Wielansky Melroy and Marian Hutnick Mrs. J. Gates Williams Mr. and Mrs. H. Leighton Morrill Mrs. Mary Randolph Williams Anonymous Mrs. Susie Yoder Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mr. George Zatlin Yuppie Landscaping Corporation In Memory Of: Mr. Cecil Acklin Mr. and Mrs. Earnest R. Doty Martha Akers The OCS Group Dr. Hollis N. Allen Mr. and Mrs. Edmund A. Luning Mr. Arthur W. Altvater Mrs. Carolyn B. Pratt, Allison and Jeff Mrs. Joanne Anderson Mr. John R. Anderson Mr. William Archer, Jr. Richard Archer Family Mr. Max Q. Arens’ Father Dr. and Mrs. Gregory A. Storch Mrs. Sidney Baer Mrs. Samuel D. Soule Mrs. Harriet Rodes Bakewell Boxwood Society of the Midwest Mr. and Mrs. John R. Gardner Mr. and Mrs. Douglas V. Martin III Dr. and Mrs. Nicholas Samaras Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas Scharff II continued on next page Mrs. Dorothy N. Barthels Mrs. Lois B. Punshon Mr. Fred H. Baumgarth, Sr. Mrs. Sue M. Spann Mr. Charles Beeler Mr. and Mrs. Richard Lang Mr. William J. Beezley Mr. Theodore W. Fivian, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Seckel Mr. Oliver J. Belzer Frielingsdorf Family Mr. Joseph Besancenez Donald F. Barr Family Lucy Bixby Mr. and Mrs. John C. Kane Mr. William Blanke Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur Mr. Harry Blumenthal Mr. and Mrs. Leon M. Bodenheimer, Jr. Mrs. Lucile N. Bodine Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mr. Milton Bodman Mr. and Mrs. Clinton J. Phillips Mrs. Maurice Bone Mr. and Mrs. Jack Carey Mrs. Anna Pauline Bonney Mrs. Harry Knopf Nell Brill Clayton Garden Club #1 Clarence Bruce’s Mother Ms. Pamela Fournier Mrs. Edith T. Brumback Miss Jean G. Brumback Jean Brushaber Mr. and Mrs. Robert Anderson Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Ewen Mr. and Mrs. Robert N. Hendershot II Mr. and Mrs. Paul L. Sherman Mr. and Mrs. Stephen D. Smith Mr. and Mrs. Timothy P. Smith Ms. Karen S. Tumbrink Mr. and Mrs. David J. Vaughn Mr. Herbert A. Bueltmann Mr. Alfred J. W. Loftus Mr. and Mrs. John R. Mykrantz Mrs. Geraldine Epp Smith Mr. Paul W. Canavan Chuck Bogard Vi Bogard Bob Carder Jim Cuidon Linnet Dean Dale DeWitt Chet Gawlick Pete Glass Larry Gray Evelyn Greaves Ms. Amelia Isensee Betty Lutz Muriel Morose Charlie Morgan Ms. Bonnie Olds Jim Reynolds Mike Rudman David Schmidt Lonnie Schmidt Nancy Schmidt Mr. and Mrs. Robert Schmitt Miss Lynda Stair Mrs. Rose Charleville Mr. and Mrs. Frank O. Bittner III Mr. Joe Claybrook Mr. and Mrs. Arthur W. Anderson Mildred Clinger Mr. John Basch Mr. Frederick L. Heger Mrs. Rose Collins Mrs. Mary Jo Ward and Family Mr. Alfred Crancer, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Pat Adams Adderton Brokerage Co. Mr. and Mrs. William T. Anthes Mr. and Mrs. Alan Astasauskas Mr. and Mrs. Todd Bleakley Mr. and Mrs. Joe Bogacki Mr. and Mrs. Roland Burjeck Bill Chambers Family Cohen Appliance and TV Center Mr. and Mrs. Donald J. Cole Ms. Barbara Crancer Ms. Florence C. Crancer Mr. and Mrs. Lester A. Crancer, Jr. Mrs. Virginia Crancer and Family Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Cranford Daugherty Family Mrs. Sophia Del Vecchio Mr. and Mrs. Bob Dorsey Mr. and Mrs. Gary Gnuse Mr. and Mrs. Stephen J. Gosoroski Mr. and Mrs. Hale Grebe Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Hartman Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Herder Tim and Elfriede Jerry W. J. Jones & Company Mr. and Mrs. Don Karr Mr. and Mrs. Ronald P. Keller Kidswear For Less Staff Mr. Robert L. Larsen Ms. Florence Lischer Mr. and Mrs. Leland J. Mast Mr. and Mrs. Jim Masterson Mr. and Mrs. Charles R. Mittler Mr. and Mrs. Kent Novak Pamela O'Connell Mr. and Mrs. Bob O'Toole Premier Marketing, Inc. —Wichita, Springfield and Shawnee Mission Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W. Rice Mr. and Mrs. Rodney Riggs Mr. and Mrs. Mike Ross Mr. Alan Roth Mrs. Linda Roth Mr. and Mrs. Edward Shipper Mr. and Mrs. George Snell Arlene and Gary Southard Worth Southard Mr. and Mrs. Adam Spiegel The Tuesday Bowlers Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Thias C. E. Weiss Family Dr. and Mrs. Edward R. Westaver Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Zenk Mr. Joseph Cronin Mr. and Mrs. Dale W. Ehlers Mr. William Crowell Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd W. Hager Mrs. Arthur Diebold Miss Melba E. Aufderheide Mr. Herbert F. Doehring Mr. and Mrs. Leonidas P. Efthim Shirley Drohlich Hilda and Marc Becker Janis and Frank Gollub Gloria and Les Portnoy Juanita and Aubrey Yawitz Mr. Paul Dunajeik Dr. and Mrs. David R. Herbold Mrs. DuPont Ms. Marie Bone Mr. James D. Edgar Elizabeth R. Burst Mrs. Gladys Cramer Mr. and Mrs. Vance C. Hodge Mr. and Mrs. John Hummel Mr. and Mrs. Douglas A. Jacobs Mr. and Mrs. Michael Sneden Mr. and Mrs. Ralph K. Soebbing Carolyn Steenrod Mr. and Mrs. Jim Whitney Mr. and Mrs. Roger Edgar Dr. and Mrs. Edward W. Szoko Mrs. Dorothy Irene Ellis Mr. and Mrs. Russell Ashton Mr. Arthur R. Elsperman Grace and Gary Corbin Mrs. Edith Heath Erker Ms. Virginia C. Culver Mr. Mike Ethell Mr. and Mrs. Donald H. Long Edith Evertz Mr. Silas C. Dietz Mr. and Mrs. Joseph E. Hahn Mrs. William H. Leyhe, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William Leyhe III Mrs. A. C. Schuchardt Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon H. Stock Louis Faggetti Ms. Harriet Bierman Mrs. Rosemary Bucher Melinda K. Fallert Alice Becker Mary Dillon Jill Frey Nadine Kouba Mrs. J. C. Kraus Mrs. Joy Last Miss Jean Read Marion Reisch Frances Resnik Mrs. Evelyn Schachner Mr. Clarence C. Fawcett Dr. and Mrs. Thomas C. Martin Mr. Son Fesler Mr. and Mrs. Melburn E. Johnston Mrs. Gertrude Fliegl Fred and Audrie Bausch Dorothy Ens Dallas and Rosalie Frillman Mr. and Mrs. Edward E. Grote Lucille Johnson Mary Kern Mrs. Virginia Kovacavic Sue MacDonald Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Meis Irene Merlotti Dave and Doris Morehead Zena Nolan John and Dorothy Ryan Louise Shy Mrs. Norma Silber Estella Weiss Dr. Joseph Flynn Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank Mrs. Bernita Ford Mrs. Howard E. Prater Mr. Ricardo Forero Missouri Botanical Garden— Board of Trustees Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Mrs. Jeanette Fowler Mr. and Mrs. Michael Grady Mr. Walter Franke, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Carlson Mr. Eugene B. Gabianella Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Bacino Mr. Aldino Gaia Miksicek Family Mrs. Rebecca Gilliam Mr. and Mrs. Harry Sibley Mr. Alan Godlewski Mr. and Mrs. Todd Arnold Mrs. William Baldwin Mrs. Charlotte Ballard Boxwood Society of The Midwest Franklin Brooks Mrs. Joyce M. Broughton Ruth Brown Mr. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush Mrs. James Butler Bushyhead Mr. Donald Campbell Mr. Michael Claffey Mr. Sidney S. Cohen Ms. Jo Ann Collins Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas Mrs. John E. Curby Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Daley Joyce and John Dill, Jr. Mr. Don Dotzauer Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Erdman Mrs. Linda Eves Mr. Robert Eves Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Forbes Mr. Lee B. Fox Mr. and Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble Garden Club of St. Louis Garden Guides— Missouri Botanical Garden Gartland Co., Inc. Mrs. Florence S. Guth Mr. and Mrs. Harry M. Hansen Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Hinck Mrs. Jane A. Jacobs Ms. Gail Johns Ms. Marcia M. Kerz Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Kirtz Dr. and Mrs. William S. Knowles Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Kopman Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Ladue Garden Club Dr. Robert L. Lamberg Mr. Andrew T. Leiser Ms. Barbara Mack Dr. and Mrs. George A. Mahe Maritz, Inc. Mr. Charles E. Main Laura McCanna Members Board— Missouri Botanical Garden Meramec Community College— Dept. of Horticulture Dr. William D, Merwin Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Mills Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach F. Morris, Jr. Dr. Julia K. Muller Joan S. Murphy Mrs. Sally Nikolajevich Peg Grigg Oberheide Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Oertli Mrs. Betsy H. O’Herin Miss Lucille Papendick continued on next page continued Mr. Edwin A. Paradoski Mr. and Mrs. John H. Payne Mr. and Mrs. Ervin A. Pfeiffer Phipps Fnends Mr. and Mrs. Vernon W. Piper Jan and Greg Poelker Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Pulitzer, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Miss Patricia Rice Dr. and Mrs. Leslie Rich Mr. Warren G. Roberts Mr. and Mrs. George S. Rosborough, Jr. Dr. William J. Ross Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch St. Louis Herb Society Ms. Kathy Sauer Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Sauer Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Sauve Mr. Earl K. Shreckengast Mrs. Norma Silber Mr. and Mrs. H. Parker Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings Smith Mrs. Lloyd C. Stark J. D. Steppler Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius F. P. Stueck Mr. and Mrs. John R. Sutter Mrs. Martha Love Symington Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Tooker Grace Tracy Ms. Carol A. Unger Dr. and Mrs. Henk van der Werff Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Walter B. Ward Mrs. S. A. Weintraub Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Mrs. Isabelle Zimmerman Mrs. Gladys Grant Book Club Mr. and Mrs. David Brown Commerce Bank of St. Louis— Trust Dept. Mr. and Mrs. Eugene S. Davis Egilsrud Family Mrs. Julius A. Gewinner Keith and Martha Greenough and Children Mr. David Harrington Mr. and Mrs. Fred R. Harrison Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Henderson, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John Henderson Mr. and Mrs. Warren F. Knapp Mr. and Mrs. Carl R. Lovitt Mr. and Mrs. Edward McGrath Mr. and Mrs. Harold J. Menteer Mr. and Mrs. Marc G. Menteer Mr. and Mrs. Percy Michener Mr. and Mrs. Earl Palmquist Mr. and Mrs. James Palmquist Mr. and Mrs. Francis H. Piepmeier Mr. Timothy Schmutz Mr. Edmund Strunk and Family Sverdrup Corporation— Bridge Structures Section Grace Tracy Mrs. John C. Vogel Mrs. Felicia C. Gravel Mr. William L. Tybura Mr. Owen D. Gray Mr. and Mrs. William Serbi Mr. Stephen Grese Miss Irene Steinman Mrs. Ophelia Groennert Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Banstetter Tony Grosch’s Mother Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber Mrs. Helen Hadley Neighborhood Bridge Club Mrs. Kathryn Hagist Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Sterling Anita Handelman Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern Ms. Mery! Hoffman Mrs. B. Fleming Harper’s Mother Mrs. Henry L. Freund Robert Lewin Mrs. Hortence Hartz Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Hirsch Mildred V. Harvey Mr. and Mrs. John J. Moeller Mrs. Cynthia Polk Hayward Miss Mary E. Bascom Mr. and Mrs. Henry Belz III Mr. and Mrs. F. Crunden Cole Mr. and Mrs. Bertram B. Culver, Jr. Dolores Exler Mrs. James Lee Johnson Senator and Mrs. A. Clifford Jones Mrs. John Macrae Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer Mrs. Whitelaw Terry Ms. Mary Jane Weissenberger Mrs. Katherine Hedley Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Bray Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan Mr. and Mrs. John R. Sutter Mr. Joe Helms Mr. and Mrs. Harold J. Menteer Mrs. Rolla Hennis Mrs. Margaret W. McCormick Susie Hochman’s Father Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern Dr. Albert H. Hotz Mrs. Roberta Hotz Mr. Paul Hunter Mr. and Mrs. Dean Garner Mrs. Rose F. Iffrig Ms. Linda L. Iffrig Mr. James Ingham Mrs. Spencer H. Robinson Mrs. Elizabeth Terry Johnson Mrs. Newell A. Augur Mr. and Mrs. William Barnes III Mr. and Mrs. John Brodhead, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Norman W. Halls Mr. and Mrs. Robert T. Hensley, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Henry H. Hitchcock Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John K. Lilly Mrs. Frank Mayfield Mrs. Raoul Pantaleoni Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings Smith Mrs. Roy Johnson Mr. and Mrs. George Goding Mrs. Frederika Juergens Mrs. Kathryn Boullion Mr. and Mrs. David Brown Mr. and Mrs. Harold J. Menteer Mr. and Mrs. Marc Menteer Mrs. Lillian Katzman Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Hirsch Mrs. Frances Rothman Mrs. K. F. Sherman Mrs. Richard Kaufmann Mr. and Mrs. Leon M. Bodenheimer, Jr. Master John Keith Mr. Stephen M. Yelton Mrs. Anne Kessler Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Shapiro Mrs. Ruth C. Kiburz Mr. and Mrs. George Alles Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Booth Mr. and Mrs. Dean Curtis Grant Farm Trails Women’s Club Mrs. William C. Hoerr Mr. and Mrs. Don Leeman Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Oelze Mr. and Mrs. Jack Seiler Mrs. John Simpson Mr. and Mrs. J. Traub Dr. and Mrs. A. Von Rump Mrs. John B. Kirchner Mrs. Charles F. Badino Mrs. K. Kleeb Mr. Raymond H. Samuels Mrs. Lottie Klein Dr. and Mrs. Donald Ames Virginia Klein Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mrs. Walter R. Knox Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Harper Texas Bridge Friends Mr. William T. Koken III Mr. George Bishop Mr. and Mrs. Edwin F. Guth, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Guy C. Lamson, Jr. Mrs. Lillian Kopman Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson Mr. Edward Korn Dr. and Mrs. Michael H. Glines Barbara A. Kruse Alice Becker Mary Dillon Jill Frey Nadine Kouba Mrs. J. C. Kraus Mrs. Joy Last Miss Jean Read Marion Reisch Frances Resnik Mrs. Evelyn Schachner Mrs. Dorothy Kueker Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Banstetter Mr. Warren Lammert Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Kennard III Mrs. Jay Lapin Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Dorothy Rosenbaum Laser Ms. Alice J. Adcock Norma L. Buijs Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Pat Leigh’s Mother St. Louis Herb Society Mrs. Mildred LeMaster Dr. and Mrs. Jack Zuckner Ms. Maria Liese Mr. and Mrs. Paul J. Levy Neer Pauline Liggett Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Bates Mr. and Mrs. George Koob Mr. and Mrs. Sanford Lebman Mrs. David J. Newbern Mrs. Katherine Elder Linman Falls Hershey Family Mr. William Livingston, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Craig Mold Mrs. Lord Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Miller Mrs. Milton Lubin’s Mother Mr. and Mrs. Burton Greenberg Mr. Jack Lubowitz Mrs. Gena Fish Mrs. Georgia Sallee Miss Olinda Luebbert Mr. and Mrs. Alvia D. Voss Mrs. Margaret Mae Lueders Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Hieken Mr. Wilhelm Mayer Mr. and Mrs. Ralph K. Soebbing Mr. Charles McAlpin Mrs. Fred Wulfing Mrs. Vitula McCutcheon Mr. John D. McCutcheon Mr. William A. McDonnell Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV Mrs. Helen W. McPheeters Mrs. Elizabeth S. Foster Mr. Hugh McPheeters, Jr. Mr. David A. Blanton III Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd W. Hager Mr. and Mrs. John M. Hall, Jr. Virginia S. Pentland Mr. Thomas McPheeters Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Kennard III Mrs. Marjorie Mead Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Fleissig William Meisberger Mr. and Mrs. Kensinger Jones Mr. Harry Mendelson Mr, and Mrs. Irwin R. Harris Mrs. R. Menut Miss Nell Shannon Mrs. Mildred Miller Mrs. Edith R. Kelly Mrs. Walter Miller, Sr. Mrs. Margie Witt Mrs. Ruth Moellenhoff Mr. Dale L. Boring Mrs. Ruby Moll John Roos Family Miss Joanne Monterubio Mr. and Mrs. James Rothbarth June Moore Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. McDonald Lt. Karl Moore Mr. John A. DeMonte Mrs. Betsy Ann Morris Mrs. Lottie Hegger Miss Bernice Snelson Mrs. Stanley Morse Mr. and Mrs. George Barnes, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Blanke, Jr. Ms. Katherine W. Burg Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler Mrs. Elizabeth S. Foster Mr. and Mrs. Edwin F. Guth, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. J. Joseph Horan EIR IE Ee TRIOS eS 0 SES NR. Me — i TET T LE TLE T Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Kennard III Mr. and Mrs. Tom P. Kletzker Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Lewis II Mrs. R. H. McWilliams Mr. and Mrs. H. Leighton Morrill Mr. and Mrs. Clifford W. Murphy Mr. and Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Mr. and Mrs. W. Anderson Payne Planters’ Club Dr. and Mrs. T. E. Sanders Mr. and Mrs. George W. Skinner Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Taussig Mr. and Mrs. Frank L. Thompson Dr. and Mrs. James K. Turner Mrs. Daniel Upthegrove Mrs. Stratford Lee Morton Boxwood Society of the Midwest Mr. and Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble Mrs. Clara Ann Henry Mr. and Mrs. Raymond C. Jaudes Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Mrs. Arthur Stockstrom Mr. David Moslanka Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh Mr. Carl Muckle Mr. and Mrs. Merlyn M. Hoffman Mr. Harry Mueller Mr. and Mrs. Harold J. Menteer Mr. Ralph Mueller Mrs. Harriet Reis Mr. Norval R. Murray Mrs. Norval R. Murray Mrs. Neal Wind Family Mr. Chapin Newhard Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Kennard III Mr. Odus Newman Mr. and Mrs. Dan D. Schopp Mr. and Mrs. Irv Olian Mr. and Mrs. Albert Gerber Jim Orling’s Father Mike and Emily Grady Mrs. Orr Mr. and Mrs. Charles C. Sisler Marcella Owens Barbara Boyd Mrs. Claranne Henry Irene Paul Ms. Cathy Pelletier Mr. and Mrs. Rader Walker Mr. Lance Perry Mr. Joseph O. Heckman Mr. Charles R. Jarman Mrs. Olga Pesch Mr. and Mrs. Russell G. Guese Mrs. John Pinter Mr. and Mrs. Roger W. Shaw Barclay Plager Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mr. Leonard Rahn Mrs. John Downen Miss Nancy Raisher Ms. Diane Woepke Mr. William J. Redburn Mr. John R. Overall Mr. John Reynard Saba Bologna Bill Carroll Mrs. Rhobabeh Mr. and Mrs. Russell C. Hazelton Ruth Robinson Mr. and Mrs. Carl Freeborg Mrs. Jack B. Schilling Mrs. Edward Roehr Mr. and Mrs. Edwin F. Guth, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Edward R. Roesler Mr. and Mrs. Sterling J. Ryan Mrs. Hortense Rosen Mr. and Mrs. Harold Lewin Dorothy Rosenbaum Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Mrs. Louis Roth Mrs. L. A. Bainter Mrs. Grace Sauer Mrs. Kenneth M. Schaefer Mrs. Fayne H. Schafer Mrs. Gretchen S. Felix Morris Schlessinger Washington University Medical Center—Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology Mr. Kenneth G. Schmutzler Miss Dolores Fiege Miss Winnifred Fiege Gene Schneider Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Barken Mr. Charles Edgar Schoene Mrs. W. J. Frein J. C. Schultz, Sr. Mr. Robert E. Schultz, Sr. Mr. Frank H. Schwaiger Mr. and Mrs. Frank H. Schwaiger, Jr. Mrs. Lillian Schwartz Mrs. Ruth Schwartz Ms. Emily Simmons Sheldon Mr. and Mrs. John R. Mykrantz Mr. Edward Sittner, Sr. Joan Corwin Family Dr. John S. Skinner Mr. and Mrs. Ralph E. Piper Mr. Robert Smothers Ms. Marilyn Edmiston Mrs. Anne Smyser Mr. and Mrs. Charles C. Love Dr. Sam Soule Ms. Priscilla Bell Doug Sproull’s Grandmother Mr. and Mrs. Brent Stansen Mr. Emmett Stephens Ms. Peggy Wolf Mrs. Lucille Stewart Dr. and Mrs. David R. Herbold Mrs. Bonnylyn Stigall Grace C. Yount Mrs. Mary G. Stolar Mr. and Mrs. William R. MacGreevy Frances Brightwell Stribling Mr. Edward V. Brightwell Mr. and Mrs. Henry P. Brightwell, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. R. C. Sunderman Miss Mary L. Sunderman Dr. Victor P. Thompson Mr. George Bishop Edward H. and Margaret V. Tienken Miss Jean G. Brumback Mrs. Burdie Tonkin Mr. and Mrs. John D. Brevard Mr. James Robert Trice Mr. John D. Phillippe Mr. Charles L. Ulrich Mrs. Alberta C. Ulrich Olga Ekaitis Uram Administrators Association of the St. Louis Public Schools, Local #44, AFSA Mr. William Valentine Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber Mr. Corwin Von Brecht James G. Conzelman Mr. and Mrs. James G. Conzelman, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William O. Cramer Mr. Harold Vroegindewey Anonymous Mrs. Maxine E. Walker Mrs. Ellen J. Tipsword Mr. Frank Waters Mr. and Mrs. John D. Eirten Mr. Alfred A. Watkins, Jr. Mrs. Linda G. Eckert Mrs. Alita Davis Weaver Mrs. Whitelaw T. Terry, Sr. Miss Beatrice Thake Mrs. Marie Weber Mr. and Mrs. Paul J. Levy Mr. Claude Webster Mr. and Mrs. Richard Kautzman Mr. and Mrs. Daniel F. Wagner Veronica Wenzel Dr. and Mrs. David R. Herbold Miss Judy Wiggins Miss Deborah Droste Mr. and Mrs. Louis Droste, Jr. Mr. Fred Williams Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Mrs. Rita Williams Mrs. Leslie A. Beitch Mr. Al Willoughby Mrs. Paul W. Crow Mrs. Carol Winkelmeyer Boxwood Society of the Midwest Mr. and Mrs. Lindy Mueller Mrs. Susan M. Reed Mr. and Mrs. David G. Roach St. Louis Herb Society Gerald Wood’s Father Dr. and Mrs. Michael B. Gutwein Mr. Charles H. Woodcock Mrs. Kay Morgan Mr. Robert E. Woods, Sr. Mrs. Kenneth C. Baker Mrs. W. K. Bliss Dr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr. Ms. Minerva C. Canavan Mrs. G. F. Driemeyer Ms. Pansy D. Fell Mr. and Mrs. H. Smith McGehee Mr. and Mrs. James K. Mellow Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer Mr. and Mrs. Hugh C. Webster Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV Gloria Bixby Wright Alexander Bakewell Family Mr. Hadley Yates Mrs. William H. Leyhe, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William Leyhe III Mrs. Charles Zeibig Mrs. John Macrae Board of Trustees Mr. John H. Biggs President Mr. Joseph H. Bascom Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. Mr. Gerald D. Blatherwick Mr. Stephen F. Brauer Mr. William H. T. Bush Mr. Jules D. Campbell Dr. William H. Danforth Mr. Richard K. Gaines Mr. Robert R. Hermann Rt. Rev. William A. Jones, Jr. Mr. David W. Kemper Mr. Charles F. Knight Mr. Robert E. Kresko Mr. William E. Maritz Mr. James S. McDonnell III Mr. Lucius B. Morse III Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Mrs. Vernon W, Piper Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross Dr. Howard A. Schneiderman The Hon. Vincent C. Schoemehl, Jr. Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. O. Sage Wightman III EMERITUS TRUSTEES Mr. Howard F. Baer Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale Mr. Sam'l C. Davis Dr. Thomas §S. Hall Mr. Henry Hitchcock Mrs. Anne L. Lehmann Mr. A. Timon Primm III Mr. Joseph F. Ruwitch Mr. Louis S. Sachs Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh Mr. Robert Brookings Smith Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. Mrs. Harriet Spoehrer Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. MEMBERS’ BOARD Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky President Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp First vice president Ms. Elaine A. Alexander Second vice president Mrs. Robert P. Elsperman Secretary Mr. Frederick H. Atwood III Treasurer DIRECTOR Dr. Peter H. Raven AUGUST 27-LABOR DAY The Festival theme this year is “Aki Matsuri” (Fall Festival). Festivals (mat- suri) have been described as the gateway to Japanese culture. Matsuri are held in Shinto shrines, and in honor of Aki Mat- suri, children carry a mikoshi (portable shrine) in the form of a straw rice bag. In addition to solemn, religious rituals, mat- suri include joyous celebrations of sing- ing, theatrical performances, dancing and drumming. @ OPENING DAY Saturday, August 27 Festivities begin with a traditional procession featuring colorful costumes and the sound of drums. @ WEEKDAYS Activities include craft demonstrations, a Japanese film festival, a fashion show and informal modelling, and the traditional candlelight walks on Thursday, Friday and weekend evenings. Sponsored by Fannie May Candies Foundation 13TH ANNUAL JAPANESE FESTIVAL @ THURSDAY September 1 Highlights the Japanese Garden, Seiwa- En, with special tours, including a rare opportunity to visit Teahouse Island. A day-long seminar on Japanese gardening will require reservations and a fee. @ FRIDAY September 2 Japanese Children’s Day returns with performances by St. Louis Taiko drum- mers, classical dance, magic, children’s games and more. @ WEEKENDS Martial arts, taiko drums, koto music, candlelight walks and much more! Festival Hotline opens Monday, August 22. Call 577-5198 for details. Missouri Botanica (,arden VG SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1988 VOLUME LXXVI NUMBER FIVE Ee Inside This Issue Home Gardening A new Bulletin feature makes its debut, with suggestions for fall planting. 3.5 Millionth Specimen The herbarium celebrates its past and its future. Ju 6 ly Gardening at the Garden A species threatened with extinction is studied. i Ask the Answer Service Time to make preparations for winter. Report from Madagascar Research yields a wealth of intriguing new discoveries and collaborations. Calendar of Events Autumn brings an exciting schedule of Members’ Days, displays and special events. Eee From the Membership Office Travel, events, and news of the neigh- borhood. [= For Younger Members @@m@m [ree identification and leaf collections are activities for fall. Tributes @@mmm = Friends and family are remembered with a gift to the Garden. On the cover: Miscanthus sinensis growing near the Linnean House. — Photo by Pat Watson © 1988, Missouri Botanical Garden. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is published bi-monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. Subscription price $12.00 per year. $15.00 foreign. The BULLETIN is sent to every Member of the Garden as one of the benefits of membership. For a contribution of as little as $35 per year, Members also are entitled to: free admission to the Garden, Shaw Arboretum, and Tower Grove House; invitations to special events and receptions; announcements of all lectures and classes; discounts in the Garden Gate Shop and for course fees; and the opportunity to travel, domestic and abroad, with other Members. For information, please call (314) 577-5100. Postmaster: send address changes to Susan Wooleyhan, editor, BULLETIN, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. As Fall Approaches Festivals in Japan are considered the gateway to Japanese culture. “Aki Mat- suri,” or fall festival, is the theme of our 13th annual Japanese cele- bration from August 27 through Labor Day. Performances by Japanese artists should be spectacular this year and feature Jap- anese paper making, Taiko drums, Koto music and Shi Shi Mai, the traditional fes- tival dragon dance. Last year thousands of Garden Members enjoyed the festival and there is good reason to return this year! The Fannie May Candies Foundation is the festival sponsor for the third year. The Japanese Festival also signals the start of a new season. This fall you may wish to highlight special dates of upcom- ing Garden events on your calendar. On September 23, a Members’ sculp- ture walk will take you by each Garden sculpture, offering interesting facts about each piece of art. During the walk you can enjoy the majestic beauty of the bronze sculptures by Carl Milles which extend gracefully above the lily pools facing Flora Gate. Roberto Burle Marx, a famous Brazil- ian landscape architect, gardener and art- ist will share his experiences after the sculpture walk. Called a “one-man extravaganza,” Mr. Marx, an exception- ally talented man, is known worldwide for his garden designs, artwork and his unflinching commitment to the preserva- tion of our disappearing tropical rain- forests. (See the back cover for details.) October promises another full month of activities plus a special Members’ fam- ily event. A picnic and treasure hunt in the Garden will make this family day exciting for children and their parents. Members continue to join in support of the Campaign for the Garden and the Board of Trustees and campaign steering committee wish to thank each member again for his assistance. The Kresge Foundation challenge grant of $650,000 is encouraging new contributions, an excit- ing and beneficial result of any capital campaign. Please join us at the Garden as we ap- proach another exciting season. Cane Core Garden Publishes Major Work On Orchids Thesaurus Dracularum, an important new monograph on an intriguing group of orchids, has been published by the Gar- den’s department of scientific publica- tions. It was written in English by Garden research associate Carlyle A. Luer with Rodrigo Escobar, and includes a German translation by Fritz Hammer. The large format (11!2 inches by 1612 inches) fea- tures 15 full color plates. The watercolor paintings of these spectacular flowers were done from life by Swedish artist Stig Dalstrom. The text gives a detailed description of each species of Dracula included. Thesaurus Dracularum is available in the Garden Gate Shop, or by mail order from Department Eleven, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.0. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299. Price is $40; please make checks payable to Missouri Botanical Garden. Ny $ 4 a | *, ae , aes (Left to right): Phyllis Maritz, William Orthwein, Jr., Laura Orthwein, William Maritz and Peter H. Raven. and Robert E. Kresko. Lr Clarence C. Barksdale (left) and Tom K. Smith, Jr. (Left to right): John K. Wallace, Jr., Harriet Spoehrer, John H. Biggs First Year Celebration UPDATE: As of June 30, 1988 the $16 million Campaign for the Garden had raised $12,449,154 in gifts and pledges. We thank those donors whose generosity helped us reach this point in our fundraising progress. N May 18, 1987 the Board of Trustees announced to the St. Louis community the beginning of the Campaign for the Garden’s public fundraising phase. This past June 27, Campaign staff, volunteers, and donors celebrated the first year of public effort with a party held at Flora Gate. In that one-year time period, the drive had raised almost $5.5 million in gifts, bringing the total to almost $12.5 million. There was much to celebrate—many generous gifts of dol- lars and time, as well as the successful completion of three new production greenhouse ranges, the beginning of the Climatron’s complete restoration, and improvements to the Climatron lily pools area, including the installation of seven newly cast pieces by the late Swedish sculptor, Carl Milles. Dr. Peter Raven, in his opening remarks, noted the Garden’s recent achievements and how these successes have in turn in- creased opportunities for growth and development. He stated, “Our success has been made possible because we have an out- standing staff, a committed base of donors, and an extraordinary Board of Trustees. No one exemplifies this Board leadership more than Bob Kresko, who has carried out the difficult job of running our capital campaign with skill and a fine sense of style.” John Wallace, a member of the Board of Trustees and the Chairman of the Campaign’s Special Gifts Committee, next spoke about the drive’s future: “We face a lot of work to bring the Campaign to a proper close. As we all know, the last part of any effort is often the greatest challenge. There are still individ- uals, corporations, and foundations that have not yet decided on their commitments. We want to give them an opportunity to join the Campaign and make special contributions to this most sin- gular institution. ... The Campaign has been a revelation to those of us chairing the committees because it has given us a chance to meet and talk with people from all parts of the metropolitan area who are devoted to this Garden. We have found that when we get a chance to tell the Garden’s story, there is a strong and generous response.” MISSOURI BOTANICAL WooDCOCK TRIBUTES SEP 7 1988 BENEFIT CAMPAIGN GARDEN LIBRARY Lyle and Aileen Woodcock, two long-time Garden members, recently celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary and kindly asked co-celebrants to make any “gifts” in the form of donations to the Campaign for the Garden. In the Woodcocks’ honor, their friends and family contributed more than $9,000 to the drive. (Gifts in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Woodcock are listed on page 21.) We thank the Woodcocks for their thoughtfulness and we thank their many well-wishers for their generosity. H-O-M-E GARDENING Se NA This issue of the Bulletin introduces Barbara Ellis, a former editor of American Horticulturist magazine and other publications of the Ament- can Horticultural Society. Barbara’s freelance articles on gardening have appeared in the World Book Year Book, Dossier and Family Circle, and she has worked as an editor for the Center for Plant Conservation and Time-Life Books.—Editor AS the long, hot summer of 1988 draws to a close, it is time to begin putting the garden to bed for the winter. Fall is an excellent time to review the past season and to plan next sea- son’s display. It’s also a fine time to plant many hardy perennials, shrubs and trees. One of the reasons autumn is such a good time to plant is that crisp days and cool nights provide perfect conditions for plants to adapt to their new homes. They have ample time to set- tle in and begin root growth before having to endure the hot summer sun. As a general rule, perennials that bloom in spring can be planted in fall; those that bloom in fall are best planted in spring. Tulips, daffodils, crocuses and other “small bulbs” have long been planted in autumn, but don’t overlook day- lilies, peonies, hostas and other hardy, spring- blooming perennials as prospects for fall planting. Fall is also an excellent time for dividing hardy perennials, such as hostas and daylilies, that have become overcrowded. Roots can be separated with a sharp spade or pried apart with two spading forks. Be sure to replant the divisions as soon as possible. Divided plants will produce few blooms and little growth next spring but will flourish the following year. Deep-rooted perennials such as peonies, blue false indigo (Baptisia australis), butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa), and gas plant (Dictamnus albus) resent such disturbance; do not divide them. If you want new plants of these species, purchase them from a reputable nursery. (For more on growing perennials, see “Gardening With Perennials,” page 17 of the March/April 1988 Bulletin.) Most shrubs and trees can be planted in fall. In fact, conifers are best moved this time of year. However, the following are best planted in early spring: birch, cotoneaster, dogwood, FALL PLANTING by Barbara Ellis hawthorn, magnolia, red maple and sweet gum. Most broad-leaved evergreens also are best planted in spring. SMALL TREES FOR FALL DISPLAY Take time this fall to stroll through the Gar- den and admire specimens in the collection that are especially showy this time of year. Which plants would add to your own fall display? Many gardeners don't have room for another large tree, but there are outstanding small trees per- fect for a patio or a corner of the garden. The following small trees all provide fruit or spectacular fall foliage. Some have attractive bark or spring flowers as well. Best of all, these are hardy plants that will withstand our hot dry midwestern summers without a fuss. Unless otherwise noted, all will tolerate wind and drought and are relatively free of diseases and insects. They can be pruned to keep them smaller than the mature heights listed. The maples and hawthorns listed below are probably best planted in spring. (Locations of specimens growing at the Garden are noted.) @ Acer buergerianum (Japanese Garden, English Woodland Garden). Trident maple reaches a height of 35 to 45 feet. It has strik- ing, brilliant orange and red fall foliage, and attractive exfoliating bark. Trident maple will grow in clay or loam soil and prefers a pH of 6.5 to 7. In addition to wind and drought, it will withstand salt, air pollution and compacted soil. @ Acer campestre (Knolls, Historic Garden). Commonly called hedge maple or field maple, this species provides yellow or yellow- green foliage late in the fall. A densely branched, 35-foot tree, it often has limbs all the way to the ground. As its name suggests, it can be pruned to make a fine hedge. Hedge maple is an excellent choice for dry, alkaline soils and tolerates air pollution and compacted soil. It will grow in light shade or full sun. @ Acer ginnala (Japanese Garden, Azalea- Rhododendron Garden). Amur maple provides brilliant scarlet fall color if planted in full sun. Unlike many maples, however, it also tolerates part shade. A multi-trunked tree with a dense branching habit and gray-brown bark, this spe- cies makes an attractive specimen or patio tree. An added bonus are the panicles of fra- 4. me, grant, yellowish white spring flowers. Although it will grow in a wide range of soil types, as well as wind and drought, amur maple prefers moist, well-drained soil. @ Crataegus viridis ‘Winter King’ Although there are a number of trouble-free hawthorn cultivars available today, ‘Winter King’ is especially good for the home. Plants reach 30 to 40 feet and their orange-red fruits are showy during the fall and winter months. Fall foliage is yellow to scarlet or purple. Although this cultivar is susceptible to several types of insects, including aphids, caterpillars and leaf miners, it is very adaptable to urban conditions. Its thorns may deter some gardeners from planting it. ‘Winter King’ requires sun, and can be used as a specimen, windbreak or hedge. @ Koelreuteria paniculata. Golden-rain tree is a 30- to 40-foot tree that has a round- headed shape and bears pinnate leaves that turn yellow in fall. It is a summer-blooming tree that bears masses of yellow flowers followed by panicles of 1'/ to 2-inch, lantern-shaped seed pods that turn from green to brown. The clus- ters of seed pods are considered ornamental by some gardeners; others don't like them. They are valued for their use in dried arrangements. @ Malus species. Crab apples are perhaps the best-known and most often planted of small trees, but many gardeners are not aware that some cultivars are more disease-resistant than others. Cultivars with some or complete resis- tance to cedar-apple rust, fire blight, scab and powdery mildew include: ‘Donald Wyman’ (Samuels Bulb Garden), which reaches approx- imately 15 to 20 feet and bears white flowers from pink buds; ‘Adams’ (Historic Garden, Knolls), 20 to 25 feet, with deep pink flowers; and ‘Red Jade’ Japanese Garden), witha weeping habit and white blooms. Crab apples prefer sun and well-drained soil but are hardy enough for compacted soil and drought. Yellow fall foliage is accented by red fruit. LAWNS: REPAIRING BALD SPOTS Because of the cool temperatures and increased rainfall, lawn grasses have a natural growth surge in the fall. This is an excellent time for gardeners to repair ailing, summer- damaged lawns. To repair bald spots, first remove all of the dead grass and any dying plants from around the edge. Spread two to three inches of peat moss over the spot, and add a very small amount of a high-phosphorus fertilizer such as 5-10-5 to promote good root development. (You can also use an organic fertilizer such as well- rotted manure, but phosphorus should still be added.) Dig the peat and the fertilizer into the soil to a depth of about six inches. Smooth the spot with a rake and firm the soil with the sole of your shoe until it is level with the surround- ing lawn. Sprinkle seed over the prepared ground, rake lightly, and then keep the soil moist until the grass germinates. A light covering of weed- free straw will help retain moisture and protect the seedlings. Sod is a fine alternative to seed. Strips of sod can be cut apart and used as plugs to fill bare spots. As with any transplant, keep the sod moist just until it begins to grow. This method can be used to renovate lawns with extensive damage. Although time- consuming, in many cases it is less work than digging up the entire lawn and starting from scratch. SEASONAL REMINDERS @ Bank Your Leaves. Keep leaves raked, but don’t just bag them and throw them away. Add them to the compost pile and “bank” the valuable organic material they provide for future years. Composted leaves and other disease; insect- and weed-free garden refuse make ideal soil amendments, vital for improv- ing compacted and clay soils. Best of all, com- post is free! Oak leaves are especially valuable because they are acid and help lower the pH of alkaline soils. @ Edible Landscapes. It’s not too late to start a second crop of cool weather crops like leaf lettuce or spinach. Either start seed in flats and transplant to the garden or seed directly into a prepared seed bed. Thin when plants are about two inches tall and begin harvesting as soon as leaves are large enough to eat. (Thinned seedlings are delicious in salads.) If you don't have a vegetable garden, try growing either of these crops as an edging in a bed or border. ®@ Poinsettia Pointer. Indoor gardeners planning to force their poinsettias into bloom for the holidays should mark September 23 on their calendars. From that date onward, plants require 14 or 15 hours of complete darkness and from 9 to 10 hours of sunlight daily until color is showing on the bracts (the petal-like leaves surrounding the center). Night tempera- tures must remain at 60-65° F. To guarantee total darkness, put plants in a closet, under a box or in a room that is never used after dark. The best way to ensure success Is to set up a schedule of covering and uncovering the plants and never vary from it. FALL COURSES A number of courses offered at the Garden and Arboretum this fall will examine the Home Gardening topics at left in greater detail. For more information and a com- plete listing of all courses offered, consult the 1988 Fall Courses and Lectures brochure recently mailed to all Members, or call 577-5140. SEPTEMBER 6 12 13 15 19 Hostas and Companion Plants for the Shade Home Lawn Care (5 sessions) Little Known Perennial Treasures Growing Iris (2 sessions) Gardening Techniques (6 sessions) 24, Trees of 28 Shaw Arboretum OCTOBER 5 6 15 29 Native Missouri Tree Walk Perennial Garden Design (3 sessions) Planting for Success Composting Bulb Planting and Care NOVEMBER The Everblooming Garden (2 sessions) DECEMBER 6 Winter Botany (2 sessions) Drawing by John Myers RESEARCH NEWS On July 8, 1988 at a ceremony in the library of the John S. Lehmann Building attended by Trustees, friends and staff, the Garden officially mounted the 3.5 mil- lionth specimen to be added to the herbar- tum’s collection. It is the holotype of Vitex masoalensis G. E.. Schatz. (For a descrip- tion of the discovery of this new species, see “Report from Madagascar” on page 9.) The following remarks were prepared by Dr. Nancy Morin, curator of the herbanum. —Editor The mounting of the 3.5 millionth specimen in the Garden’s herbarium marks a milestone in the herbarium’s long history of significant acquisitions. Begun in 1859 when the Garden opened, the herbarium first contained the private col- lection of Johan Jakob Bernhardi, who was born in Erfurt, Germany, in 1774 and died (Left to right): Jon Ricketson, Collections Manager; George E. Schatz, assistant curator; Enrique Forero, director of research; Porter P. Lowry II, assistant curator; Peter H. Raven, director; Nancy R. Morin, curator of the pa herbarium; and John H. Biggs, president of the Board of Trustees look on as Gigi Hill, plant mounter, prepares the lo specimen of Vitex masoalensis G. E. Schatz (drawing at left). Herbarium Celebrates 3.9 Millionth Specimen there in 1850. This archive contained nearly 60,000 plant specimens collected by many different people from around the world. It was purchased for Henry Shaw by George Engelmann (Shaw’s botanical advisor). Engelmann’s personal herbar- ium of 98,000 plants was donated to the Garden after his death in 1884. This was a very significant addition, because it con- tained many of the new plants discovered in North America, especially the West. After Shaw’s death, under the direc- tion of William Trelease and the Board of Trustees, the herbarium continued to grow, largely through acquisitions of pri- vate herbaria. Many of these were pur- chases, and included the herbaria of George Thurber, John Ball, J. H. Red- field, J. F. Joor, Gustav Jermy, A. W. Chapman, C. G. Broadhead, and Sadie Price. Most of their plants were collected in North America. By 1891 the Engelmann and Bernhardi herbaria were mounted and put into order, according to the annual report of that year. Stamping and numbering of the specimens did not start until 1913, when there were actually 635,841 specimens in the herbarium. About that time many col- lections were made by Ernest Palmer as part of a plan to write a flora of the South- western United States. Expeditions to Panama began in 1922, the beginning of the Garden’s long involvement in studying the flora of that country. The one millionth specimen was mounted sometime in 1931. By 1970 the two millionth specimen was mounted, and the three millionth was mounted in 1983. The development of the herbarium has taken on a new and very important quality during the last decade, through the efforts of the research staff under the direction of Marshall Crosby and, more recently, Enrique Forero. During this time we have continued the tradition of numerous and intensive field expeditions, and we have used the strategy of station- ing Garden staff in other countries to greatest effect. Our curators in the field have established strong contact with local botanists, resulting in the development of many collaborative projects. The work done in Madagascar, home of the 3.5 mil- lionth specimen Vitex masoalensis, is one of our best examples of how well this approach works. The opportunities now available to us through the efforts of Pete Lowry, George Schatz and others in the Madagascar program are particularly exciting. The work of each individual plant mounter over the last 100 years has been to protect our specimens. This is the priceless documentation of the biological diversity of the plants that inhabit our planet. Preservation makes specimens easily available for studies of all sorts, from verifying the identity of a plant eaten by a child to determine if it is poisonous, to linking a fossil fragment to its living relative, to locating populations to be sampled in order to compare their genetic makeup. It is through our joint efforts— curators collecting in the field, staff effi- ciently processing the plants, mounters and filers incorporating the specimens into the mounted collection—that we have become one of the major botanical research resources in the world for botanists studying neotropical plants. The Garden now has the finest collection of African plants in the United States, and its collection is among the finest in the world. 6. sem Gardening Three activities that have been taking place over the last few years converged this summer: Professor Robert Kral at Vanderbilt University in Nashville pre- pared a government report on rare south- ern plants; Florida botanists Gary Knight and Angus Gholson, Jr. studied the flora of the Florida panhandle; and I inves- tigated the Strychnine Family of the southeastern U.S. From these diverse standpoints we all spotted the same Florida-panhandle species, Spigelia gen- tianoides, threatening to go extinct with virtually nobody watching. As a member of the Strychnine Family (Loganiaceae), Spigelia gentianotdes is in the company of about 500 mostly tropical species distributed around the globe. Familiar examples in the Garden include Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium semperv1- rens) and butterfly bush (species of Bud- dleja). In addition to its beauty, this is a family of drugs and poisons, among them the rat poison strychnine, the surgical muscle-relaxant alcuronium, and ingre- dients in the poisons known as curares that lend the zip to deadly darts and arrows. In China, one species has been used for murders, executions, and sui- cides. Such medically useful and phar- macologically interesting derivatives add incentive to conserving and studying members of the Strychnine Family. Among the largest genera in the Loganiaceae is Spigelia, with some 50 species in the New World, primarily the tropics. True to its family, Spigelia is laden with drugs and poisons—one South American species is even dangerous to touch. And spigelias turn up in gardens— the brilliant red Spigelia splendens ts culti- vated in the tropics, and the likewise daz- zling pinkroot (Spigelia marilandica) is familiar in Missouri gardens and woods alike. Pinkroot has trumpet-shaped hummingbird-pollinated flowers scarlet on the outside and bright yellow within, and it has a history of exploitation as a worm remedy, which reduced wild populations severely, and which probably killed more patients than it cured. (See pinkroot in the Woodland Garden.) In contrast with its showoff relative pinkroot, Spigelia gentianoides (with no common name) hides shyly in shady Florida pine-oak woods and forms modest white to very light pink tubular flowers not known to ever open, a little like those of the bottle gentians to which it owes its Latin name. If this makes you wonder about how the flowers are pollinated, they do not stay completely sealed—five slits open between the petals, and my guess is that a moth effects pollination when it inserts its proboscis into the slits probing for nectar. It is not confirmed that the flowers never open completely at some unknown time, and further study may yleld various such surprises. In May of this year, Professor Kral and I searched near Marianna, Florida for Spigelia gentianoides, visiting previously recorded sites and examining other spots with seemingly suitable habitat. Such spots were scarce, since the area is being cleared rapidly for various purposes. After much hunting, the payoff was relocating one tiny patch of about 30 plants at the edge of a highly disturbed area along a road. The plants were stunted, probably thanks to the drought of 1988 and/or from disturbance to the woods. The population was about five times larger the last time it was visited, about 12 years ago. Fearing that we had possibly seen the last remnant of Spigelia gentianoides, we continued our investigation, which led to botanist Angus Gholson, a resident of Spigelia gentianotdes country and authority on the flora there. He was aware of a sec- ond population of the Spigelia discovered by Florida State University student Gary Knight in 1985. Upon communicating with Dr. Kral and with me, Mr. Gholson began a series of visits to the second patch watching for seed formation with the hope of helping to bring the species into protec- tive cultivation. Attempting this will be part of the Garden's participation in the Center for Plant Conservation project, an effort aimed at establishing backup popu- lations of rare species in botanical institu- tions. At present, a small number of thirsty plants are beginning to ripen a few small fruits. If seeds form, some will be collected and pampered in the Garden’s greenhouses. If they grow and yield another generation, we will have a source of seeds for long-term seed banking. If eguccmecixscem A Species That Nearly Disappeared Spigelia gentianoides Drawing by John Myers the drought foils us this year, there is always next year. Whatever the final outcome, Spigelia gentianotides will not disappear unknown, and I do not believe that it will disappear at all now. The species serves as an exam- ple of the encouraging cooperation and interest that emerges, on each occasion by surprise and from unexpected angles, when attention is directed to a species in serious trouble. —George Rogers, Ph.D. ie aio Ask the Answer Service Garlic, Lilies and Squash Do you have a plant question? Call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Saturday, 9 a.m. to noon, at 577-5143. Q. Last spring I planted some garlic, hoping to grow big bulbs. The results were disappointing to say the least. What is the secret to growing large garlic? A. If there is one secret to success with garlic, it 1s fall planting. Garlic planted in the autumn often will produce bulbs that are twice as large as those planted in spring. Garlic must have good drainage, so avoid sites where water may collect during winter. Work in compost prior to planting. Space the individual cloves about six inches apart at a depth of one to two inches. Late September or October is the best time for planting. This allows the cloves plenty of time to sprout, root, and produce several inches of top growth before frost sets in. It’s a good idea to mulch your garlic with two or three inches of compost before the ground freezes. This will minimize frost damage and heaving. When the sprouts resume growth in the spring, side dress with some 5-10-5 or 10-10-10 fertilizer. Keep your garlic well watered during the grow- ing season. If stressed from lack of water, bulb size will be reduced. The long days of May and June signal the bulbs to enlarge. Remove any flower stalks as they appear. When the leaves start to yellow and wither in late July or August, the garlic is ready for harvest. Q. I grew pumpkins and Butternut winter squash for the first time this year. How can I tell when they are ready for harvest? A. Pumpkins are ready for harvest when they are completely orange and their skin is hard. Winter squash are ready when their colors have darkened and you can’t dent their skin with your thumbnail. Both should be picked before frost. When harvesting pumpkins and winter squash, carefully cut them off the vine, leaving an inch or two of stem intact. If the stem is broken off from the fruit, storage time is greatly reduced. Q. When should I dig my sweet potatoes? A. Dig your sweets just before frost in the fall. Take extra care not to bruise or damage the sweet potatoes or they will spoil rapidly. Ideal curing conditions (85 degrees and 85 percent humidity) rarely exist in St. Louis at digging time, so plan on sharing your harvest bounty—or else freezing a lot of sweet potato pie. Q. My house plants have been enjoy- ing themselves outdoors all summer. Just when should they be brought back inside? A. Plan on returning your plants to their winter quarters by mid-September or about the time when conditions inside and outside the home are the same. It is most important that plants have about a month to adjust to indoor conditions prior to the start of the heating season. Prune back any plants that have grown too large and trim roots growing out the bottom holes. Inspect the foliage and apply any neces- sary sprays. A thorough drenching of the soil with insecticidal soap will take care of most ant, pillbug and slug problems. Q. My amaryllis still has lots of green leaves and is growing well. What can I do to get it to bloom again? A. First, you must let your amaryllis (Hippeastrum) dry off, so stop watering and fertilizing. It may take several weeks, but eventually the leaves will turn yellow, and then brown. It’s important not to cut the leaves off before they have withered. Let the bulb rest for two or three months before growing again. At that time, wash away as much old soil as you can without disturbing the roots. Replace with fresh, standard potting soil and water thor- oughly. Don’t water again until growth resumes, and then gradually increase watering frequency. Amaryllis should bloom about a month after new growth begins. Q. I visited my daughter in California recently and she gave me a Madonna lily to take home. I planted it in the ground, and now it has started to grow. Is this normal? A. Yes. It’s normal for Madonna lily (Lilium candidum) to grow leaves in the fall. In fact, early September is a good time for planting and transplanting Madonna lilies. When replanting, choose a well-drained site enriched with compost or leaf mold and a dusting of lime. Set the bulbs so they are covered with only an inch or two of soil. Blossoms won't appear until June. Q. I have several shrubs in my yard that look very untidy. Is it o.k. to prune now? A. If these are spring-flowering shrubs, any pruning now will remove next year’s flowering buds, since they have already formed. Not only will pruning now sacrifice bloom, but it may also stimulate new growth easily damaged by winter cold. The proper time to prune these shrubs is after they have finished bloom- ing next spring. Summer-flowering shrubs may be pruned in late winter or early spring while dormant. Well-kept shrubs or formal hedges that have developed a few scrag- gly or upright shoots can have these care- fully removed now if necessary to tidy their appearance. However, heavy prun- ing should be delayed until the proper time. TIMELY TIPS ¢ Keep leaves raked off the lawn as heavy accumulations may smother grass. e Perennials that have finished flowering may be cut back to stand about two or three inches tall. Top dress with super- phosphate and compost and lightly cul- tivate. ¢ Keeping flowering dogwood well sup- plied with water now while flower buds are forming will pay dividends during next spring’s bloom. ¢ Remove and destroy spent iris foliage after frost to eliminate overwintering iris borers’ eggs. e Continue spraying roses to control black spot fungus until foliage is killed by frost. Stop all pruning of roses now to encourage plants to harden off before frost. Remove only the petals from spent blossoms and allow the hips to remain. ¢ Cut off all seed heads before adding gar- den weeds to the compost pile. You'll be rewarded with less weeding next year. —Chip Tynan, The Answer Service 8. amuse Indian Ocean REPORT FROM MADAGASCAR THE IMASOALA PENINSULA Maroantsetra MUTUUERE AS s MASOALA PENINSULA a Bay of Antongil by George E. Schatz THERE IS A SAYING on the Masoala Peninsula in northeastern Madagascar that “there is the rainy season, and then there is the season when it rains’. As incongruous as it may seem, an umbrella is an indispensable piece of field equip- ment when walking through the tropical rainforest. The key to a successful expe- dition lies ultimately in keeping at least one pair of pants and a shirt dry at all times, and at all cost. One quickly learns the utter futility of starting the day in any- thing other than the previous day’s wet clothes. Each day, however, regardless of how much it rains (and it will rain!), one is nearly certain of making some fantastic new discovery. High rainfall and rugged terrain have effectively isolated the Masoala Peninsula, leaving its forests, which rise steeply from pristine beaches to over 1000 meters in elevation, intact and virtually unexplored. The Garden’s Madagascar Research Program, supported by the W. Alton Jones Foundation and the National Geo- graphic Society, currently focuses on this diverse region around the Bay of Antongil, which may well contain one-half of all the plant species in Madagascar. Along with our Malagasy colleagues from the Centre National de Recherches de Tsimbazaza (CNRT), we travel by plane to Maroant- setra, a prosperous, sleepy town at the head of the Bay of Antongil. This area is the center of a rich rice-growing delta, as well as a major market for coffee, cloves and vanilla. Other than the paved road to the airport and a sandy track leading Nosy Mangabe, in the Bay of Antongil south along the coast, now cut off by fallen bridges and ferries washed out to sea dur- ing the most recent cyclone season, there are no roads. All travel is by boat. The Garden’s new inflatable ten-person Zodiac and 40-HP motor were christened in February during a visit by a team of botanists from Kew Gardens, including the palm specialist John Dransfield. It was John’s second trip to Masoala; during his first visit, he had discovered seven new species of palms, two of which repre- sented new genera. During my first trip to Masoala in April of 1987, our guides Gerard and Gilbert led me to a specimen of one of those new genera of palms: Voantoala, literally “coconut of the forest”. It was a six-hour walk inland from the tiny village of Antala- via, two hours by boat from Maroant- setra. The arduous hike follows and repeatedly crosses the Antalavia River, a torrent of rushing water and massive boulders covered with Angraecum orchids and lined with the rheophytic palm Vonitra. At the source of the river, a flat swampy area at 450 meters elevation, we found Voanioala in fruit just as a family of rare, endemic helmet birds (Euryceros prevostu) flew overhead. As we were leaving to begin our descent back to the coast, I spotted a tree with white flowers borne all along its trunk. I realized at once it was a species of Vitex (Verbenaceae). Unbranched, and seven to eight meters tall, the tree was crowned only by two huge leaves, each nearly a meter in length. Guy Suzon, a professor at the University in Antananar- ivo, remarked in absolute incredulity, “that has to be new!”. Subsequent exami- nation of the collections at the museum in Paris confirmed our suspicion, and I have since named the new species Vitex maso- alensis. (See “Herbarium Celebrates 3.5 Millionth Specimen,” page 6.) I had hoped to revisit the site in Febru- ary with Dransfield and the team from Kew, but after three continuous days of rain the Antalavia River became impassa- ble. Instead, we explored a ridge to the north, where we encountered a spectacu- lar large purple-flowered Bignoniaceae, which Garden specialist Alwyn Gentry continued on next page NEWS FROM THE LIBRARY Archives Receives Papers of Bakewell and Moore es ow Harriet Hall Moore, c. 1914 The Garden’s archives was the recipient in March of a large collection of office files and architectural drawings of Harriet Rodes Bakewell, a prominent St. Louis landscape architect. This gift by Mrs. Bakewell’s daughter, Margaret Rodes White, also includes a small collec- tion of personal papers of George T. Moore, Mrs. Bakewell’s father and Mrs. White’s grandfather. Dr. Moore was a dis- tinguished botanist and the Garden's director from 1912 to 1953. Harriet Bakewell, who literally grew up at the Garden, designed the Anne L. Lehmann Rose Garden, including the Shapleigh and Waldemer fountains. She also supervised the installation of the Jap- anese Garden in collaboration with Karl Pettit, III. Her professional credits include landscape design of a long list of St. Louis public and private places such as Westport Plaza, Maritz, Inc. in Fenton, the Steinberg Memorial Rink in Forest Park, the entrance to Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, the McDonnell Douglas Engineering and Space Center, and the Joseph Pulitzer estate. Mrs. Bakewell’s papers are an excel- lent record of her professional practice and community involvement over the last 35 years. Dr. Moore’s papers give an interesting view of his personality, com- munity involvement, scientific interests and personal life which complements offi- cial records already in the Garden's archives. —Martha Riley, Archivist New Biology Ph.D. Program at UMSL; Fellowship Named for Raven A new doctoral program in Biology at University of Missouri-St. Louis was announced at a meeting of the Univer- sity’s Board of Curators, held at the Gar- den on June 24, 1988. The new program, a cooperative effort between the Garden and the University, will concentrate on evolutionary biology with emphasis on plant systematics and environmental studies. In inaugurating the new doctoral pro- gram, UM-St. Louis Chancellor Mar- guerite R. Barnett also announced that the University has established the Peter H. Raven Fellowship in Tropical Ecology in honor of the director of the Garden. Dr. Raven has served as a curator of the University of Missouri since 1985, and is an adjunct professor in Biology at UM-St. Louis. The first fellowship will be awarded in 1989. In the past 15 years UM-St. Louis and the Garden have developed strong coop- eration in research and graduate studies in biology. Some Garden staff hold adjunct faculty positions at the University, and members of the University biology depart- ment are research associates at the Gar- den. UM-St. Louis has offered a master’s degree in Biology since 1973. 16 YEARS OF SERVICE—Violet M. Dettman retired from the staff of Tower Grove House on March 1, 1988, after 16 years with the Garden. Her many contri- butions will be sorely missed. Mrs. Dett- man’s grandson Tad continues the tradition of service on the staff of the hor- ticulture department. REPORT FROM MADAGASCAR continued informs us is also new. Returning from the ridge to camp in pouring rain, we were unable to ford another swollen river. Our guides felled a traveller’s tree (Ravenala madagascariensis), and we proceeded to Shinny our way across. In April Gentry arrived to work with me on Nosy Mangabe, a 520-hectare island at the head of the bay just five kilo- meters from Maroantsetra. I am preparing a florula of the island, a special reserve for perhaps the strangest of the Madagascar lemurs, the aye-aye (Daubentonia mada- gascariensis). Preliminary results of the transects Gentry and I completed during his visit indicate that the forest is among the most diverse he has ever sampled. Also on the island at the time was Hilary Simons, a doctoral candidate at Yale University who is studying the black and white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata variegata). She returned to camp each evening with the exciting observation that her lemurs were feeding on the nectar from flowers of a sapotaceous tree, Labramia costata, raising the distinct pos- sibility of pollination by lemurs. In addition to providing good company, Hilary’s pres- ence on the island greatly benefits my own studies. Her lemurs are far better than I am at finding flowers and fruits high up in the canopy. Next January we hope to embark on an ambitious project in collaboration with the development division of the Malagasy Lutheran Church and the Ministry of Water and Forest. The goal will be to integrate conservation of Masoala’s magnificent forests with development, establishing a new national park of more than 3,000 square kilometers, and at the same time improving agricultural production and health care in the villages on the periph- ery of the park. The project, with support currently pending from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), would also include a program of biological inventory by multidisciplinary teams of international and Malagasy scientists and students. They will survey not only the flora, but also the fauna of Masoala. When we finally are able to return to the swamp with Voanioala and Vitex masoalensis above Antalavia, I wouldn't be a bit surprised to find a new species of frog calling contentedly during a week- long downpour. George E. Schatz, Ph.D. is assistant cura- tor for the Garden’s Madagascar Research Program. He joined the Garden in January 1987 and lives most of the year in Madagascar. 1888: Henry Shaw ecorts Julia Trelease (left) and an unknown lady around the Garden. GARDEN GUIDES CELEBRATE 20 YEARS Henry Shaw, of course, was the first Garden Guide. His visitor books are filled with autographs and comments of Mark Twain, Sir Joseph Hooker of Kew Gar- dens, Edwin Booth, General William T. Sherman and others. Shaw personally escorted many of his visitors through the Garden until his death in 1889; since then staff members and Garden volunteers have continued his practice. In 1968 the Garden Guides were offi- clally organized with the help of the Friends of the Garden. Kenneth Peck, then head of the education department, and Garden colleagues trained 25 women to give tours of the Garden on a daily basis. To celebrate their twentieth anniver- sary, the Garden Guides, now 70 strong, are planning a festive luncheon on Sep- tember 13. They have asked Ken Peck to reminisce about the “good old days” of basement offices and makeshift class- rooms, no secretary to make appoint- of young visitors. ee ie SF os al ae — td —* i, to Members, but participants ild pre-register by calling 9138. king Tour n. See September 6 for details. 2 t Display continues n. to 5 p.m. See September 10 letails. neriad Society Show n to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 a.m. to n. Sunday, Ridgway Center. A lay of plants from the family that des the African Violet. Free. SAT.-—SUN. SUNDAY king Tour n. See September 11 for details. iren’s Art Festival m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway Center -ohen Amphitheater. Activities yerformances designed to nce the artistic and cultural eness of children. Presented by \rts & Education Council of ter St. Louis. $1 per person. 4 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. Members’ Preview of Missouri Wildlife Artists’ Show 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., Monsanto Hall. An advance look at the exhibit; see October 7. Music and cash bar. For Members only. TUESDAY THURSDAY OCTOBER 9 / MEMBERS’ FAMILY EVENT 3 p.m. to 6:30 p.m., Ridgway Center and grounds. A new event for Members only. Magic shows, face painting, music, a treasure hunt sponsored by the MoBot Club and more. The popular picnic pass will be available. Watch the mail for details. 7 Fripay Missouri Wildlife Artists’ Society Show 9 a.m. to5p.m. daily through November 13, Monsanto Hall. An exhibit of more than 50 works of painting and sculpture by 23 Mis- souri artists. Funded in part by the Missouri Arts Council, a state agency. Free. Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. SATURDAY Walking Tour 2 p.m. See September 11 for details. I Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. 19 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. SUNDAY TUESDAY SATURDAY 15 SATURDAY continued In the Wild ll a.m. to5 p.m., Ridgway Center. Activities that highlight works of art in the Missouri Wildlife Artists’ Show (see October 7). Free. 16 Walking Tour 2 p.m. See September 11 for details. 18 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. SUNDAY TUESDAY OCTOBER 16 / MEMBERS’ CAMERA DAY 3 p.m. to 4 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium: Slide lecture by Jack Jennings, photographer for the Garden’s annual calendar. 4 p.m., grounds: Members of the McDonnell Douglas Photo Club will be available to offer expert tips on photographing the Garden. Bring a camera! For Members only. Ree 22 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. 22-23 Lily Bulb Sale 9a.m. to5p.m., Ridgway Center. A fine selection of lily bulbs offered for sale by the Mid-America Regional Lily Society. Free. 23 SATURDAY SAT. —SUN. SUNDAY Walking Tour 2 p.m. See September 11 for details. TUESDAY 29 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. SATURDAY 29 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See September 6 for details. Walking Tour 2 p.m. See September 11 for details. SUNDAY 13. F Hidden Treasure The all new Members’ Family Event will be held Sunday, October 9, from 3:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. Families with children of all ages are invited to enjoy our popular picnic pass privilege while having fun with magic shows, face painters, music and more. Our highlight for the afternoon will be a Garden Treasure Hunt sponsored by the MoBot Club, complete with maps and prizes. It will be an afternoon of “‘fun firsts” at the Garden your family will love. Watch the mail for details. Camera Day The Members’ Day on Sunday, October 16 brings an opportunity to pho- tograph the Garden with the aid of expert advice. At 3:00 p.m. Jack Jennings, pho- tographer for the Garden’s annual calen- dar, will present a slide lecture in Shoenberg Auditorium featuring his beau- tiful photographs. After the lecture, sev- eral expert photographers from the McDonnell Douglas Photo Club, including Mr. Jennings, will be available in strategic Meet MoBot MoBot, the mascot of the Garden’s club for junior Members, made his first appearance at the MoBot Fun Day at Shaw Arboretum, June 18, 1988. locations on the grounds to offer help and suggestions for improving your own pic- tures. Bring your camera! The Garden Neighborhoods On July 13, the Garden’s Board of Trustees learned about the health and activity of the Garden neighborhoods in a special program presented during the Trustees’ meeting. John Temporiti and Phyllis Evans reported about the activities of the South- west Neighborhood directly west of the Garden. This neighborhood occupies the area sold in 1925 by the Trustees in order to provide funds for the purchase of the Shaw Arboretum. “The major goals of the Southwest Neighborhood Improvement Association include beautification, reforestation, building code enforcement and an innova- tive mortgage loan guarantee program en- couraging owner occupancy of four-family residential units,’ Mr. Temporiti said. He is the founder of the Southwest Neighbor- hood Improvement Association and Mrs. Evans serves as the association’s execu- tive director. Speaking on behalf of the Shaw Neigh- borhood were Dana Hines, the Garden’s membership marketing coordinator and president of the Shaw Neighborhood Improvement Association, and associa- tion vice president Michele Duffe. The Shaw Neighborhood encompasses the area east of the Garden to Grand Avenue and is one of the city’s most active volun- teer neighborhood groups, with a mem- bership of 750 families. ‘““The neigh- borhood, which is undergoing major reno- vation projects, has been the recipient of funds from a variety of city programs. Over $10,000,000 in reinvestment has taken place in the area as a result of this support and attention,’ Ms. Hines explained. Major accomplishments of the Shaw Neighborhood’s volunteer efforts during the past year include the establishment of a conservation district, a youth recreation program, a crime deterring citizen's mobile patrol, and the redevelopment of the neighborhood’s old commercial dis- trict on 39th Street. The Shaw neighborhoods are part of a comprehensive marketing effort by Mer- cantile Bank known as the Tower Grove i i SL CRE SES ACES CCIE I TRESS EEL TEER mom THE MEMBERSHIP OFFICE Membership Dues to Increase in 1989 Membership dues for regular level Members at Missouri Botanical Garden will increase from $35 to $40 in 1989. Membership benefits for a regular mem- ber include: e Free admission for two adults and chil- dren under the age of 16 e More than 20 invitations during the year to special Garden events including four “Members only” flower show previews, 12 members days, and four or more major members’ events i : e A 10 percent discount at the Garden Gate Shop e Free subscription to the bimonthly Bulletin e Free reciprocal admission at other botanical gardens throughout the country e Discounts on education classes and facility rentals at the Garden e Travel opportunities through the Mem- bership Travel Program The new dues structure will take effect January 1, 1989. Members renew- ing prior to that time can renew at the $35 level. Partnership. Mercantile has committed its staff and financial resources totaling over $1,000,000 to Shaw and the Tower Grove neighborhoods. Donnell Reid, vice president of Com- munity Affairs at Mercantile and a mem- ber of the Garden’s Members’ Board, is the president of the Tower Grove Part- nership. Engagement Calendar Benefits Garden The Basic Foundation has generously agreed to make a $2 donation to the Gar- den for each copy of its Tropical Rain- forests: An Engagement Calendar for 1989 sold by mail to Garden members. The cal- endar is a handsomely designed book, six by nine inches, lavishly illustrated with spectacular color photographs and an eight-page essay on tropical rainforests by Pete Carmichael. To order, send $8.95 plus $1 shipping and handling per copy to: The Basic Foundation, Inc., P.O. Box 47012, St. Petersburg, Florida 33743. Please indicate on your check that you are a Garden member. ee qo TRIP TO ITALY “Amazing.” “Incredible.” “Unbelieva- ble!” The Garden’s two week trip to the gardens and villas of northern Italy last May inspired superlatives. Gardens were adorned with sculptured hedges, pots filled with lemons, 300-year-old cypress, gorgeous irises, roses in full bloom, color- ful annuals and statuary. Views included cities, lakes, mountains and fields of bright red poppies among the many unfor- gettable sights on the trip. Most of the villas and gardens are private and not open to the public. By traveling with the Garden we were able to see much that is unavailable in any other way. Florence, Asolo, Verona and Bellagio on Lake Como were the destinations. From formal gardens, to a castle on an island, to a garden with a mountain water- fall in the “front yard,” to a villa with its own church in the “backyard,” to Palladian villas and the famous frescoes by Giotto in Padua, we saw one marvelous delight after another. Padua also afforded us a guided tour of its botanical garden, a 16th century gar- den renowned for its medicinal plants. The Padua garden has specimens of our familiar dawn redwoods, planted from seeds at the same time as those outside the Lehmann Building. Another reminder of the Garden’s presence worldwide were the waterlilies “Director Moore” and “St. Louis Gold.” Pictured above is Villa La Pietra, Sir Harold Acton’s garden on a hillside near Florence. —Patricia Rich 1989 Travel Program for Members ECUADOR—A trip designed for lov- ers of nature and adventure. Includes a stay in the Garden’s Jatun Sacha Biological Station, located in the Amazonian rain- forest. Winter 1989. ENGLAND—Celebrate the Centen- nial of the Garden’s Board of Trustees by traveling to Henry Shaw’s England, including a visit to the Chelsea Flower Show. Spring 1989. Watch your mail and upcoming Bulle- tins for exciting details! Dr. Raven (center) accepting the fourth contribution on Union Pacific Foundation’s $50,000 pledge toward the renovation of the John S. Lehmann Building from David Har- tung (right) of Union Pacific Systems and his daughter Beth (left), a Garden employee. GIFT MEMBERSHIP ORDER FORM — Please mail at least three weeks prior to occasion: STATE ZIP _] Holidays L] Birthday L] Other Gift To: Gift From: NAME NAME ADDRESS ADDRESS Oley STATE ZIP CITY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE Sign gift card: LJ Enclosed is my check for $ Date Needed By: L_] Please charge: VISA No. Regular Membership $35. Contributing Membership $75. For more information call 577-5118. Please make checks payable to: Membership Office, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Expiration date: MasterCard No. Name as it appears on card: i oe MANYY. Dr. Raven presents Frank Arnoldy with th VOLUNTEER EVENING On Thursday June 2, 1988, Spoehrer Plaza was the scene for Volunteer Even- ing, an annual reception honoring out- standing Garden volunteers. More than 250 volunteers and guests attended. Dr. Raven presented the awards. Recognized with special service awards were Frank Arnoldy and Mim Kittner (pictured above). Mr. Arnoldy gave 404 volunteer hours in 1987, working as a Master Gardener. Mrs. Kittner, past president of the Members’ board, has worked with the Garden since 1973, most ea nad 3 : # Rim awe ogres ye ee Nee e Special Service Award. recently as head of the Membership ae Information and Services desk. She also was honored for her work coordinating volunteers for the 1987 Japanese Festival, along with Jean Crowder. Maurita Stueck received a Special Achievement award. She was recognized for her development of an innovative train- ing program for new Garden Guides. Recipients of the Commitment Award were Bertha Burton, who works in the Botanical Information Resources depart- ment, and Warren “Tab” Tabachik, who gives nine months a year in the Climatron. ma i Mim Kittner receives her award from Dr. Raven. bai aa od oy "noes The Volunteer Emeritus award went to Gladys Yates for her invaluable assistance in the Controller’s Office. Special recognition was given to Joyce Broughton, Adrienne Biester- feldt and Sara Moore for their prepara- tion of an inventory of the English Woodland Garden. The plant-by-plant list- ing took all of last summer, and required extraordinary skills and teamwork. The Garden is proud to be associated with each of our outstanding volunteers, and is immeasurably grateful for their dedicated service. i a RI i EE MRI TEE RN EE REISS a HOE MAA SIRI Ll A PRR HAS AINE ERI RTT ON RG A ET ES IT Final Part of Persimmon Hill Comes to Arboretum The Missouri Botanical Garden marked with sadness the passing of Mrs. Elise Bachmann Morton on March 8, 1988. Mrs. Morton and her late husband Stratford Lee (1887-1970), ex-President of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, were long-time community philanthropists and Garden patrons. With Mrs. Morton’s death, the Garden will receive the last portion of a significant property gift located at the Shaw Arboretum in Gray Summit, Missouri. Before Mr. Morton’s death in 1970, he and his wife had decided that they would donate to the Garden approximately 250 wooded acres called Persimmon Hill, which had been the Morton country home since the 1920s. Placed along the Arbore- tum’s southwest edge, Persimmon Hill greatly enhances the Arboretum’s hold- ings. Its location both offers protection against encroaching urban development and adds to the Arboretum’s existing bor- der along the scenic Meramec bluffs. Per- simmon Hill, with its numerous lovely glades, also preserves available habitat for wildlife, particularly the larger mammals which need significant amounts of space to survive. Mr. Morton died in 1970 before these arrangements could be finalized, and his will gave equal parts of Persimmon Hill to his wife and his daughter, Katherine Mor- ton Dick. To carry out his wishes, Mrs. Morton and Mrs. Dick devised a program whereby the majority of the property would be donated over a period of years to The Nature Conservancy, a private, non- profit international conservation organiza- tion whose sole mission is the preserva- tion of biological diversity, primarily through acquiring and protecting ecologi- cally significant tracts of land. The Nature Conservancy would in turn lease Persim- mon Hill to the Garden for the token fee of $1 over an essentially indefinite time period, provided the Garden did not develop the property or put it to other uses not intended by the Mortons. Mrs. Morton and Mrs. Dick retained equal interest in an 8.5-acre parcel, including three colonially styled struc- tures (a main residence, museum, and guest house), with the same gifting provi- sions to apply upon their deaths. When Mrs. Dick passed away in 1979, her share was added to the majority of the land already at the Arboretum; now, the tract is once more complete. Dr. Peter Raven observed, “We owe much to the Morton family for their generous gifts through the years, particularly the Persimmon Hill tract. We are, of course, greatly saddened at the death of a good friend, but we are also very pleased to be able to use their wonderful legacy as part of our environ- mental education programs, to which the 2500-acre Arboretum is principally dedicated.” IN MEMORIAM A. Timon Primm IIT Friends and staff of the Garden were deeply saddened by the sudden death of A. Timon Primm III, Emeritus Trustee of the Garden, on June 24, 1988. Mr. Primm, 73, was a devoted, long-time friend of the Gar- den, serving on the Board of Trustees for 24 years. An ardent conservationist, Mr. Primm was a driving force in the Missouri Chapter of the Nature Conservancy and also served on their national Board of Governors 1975-1979. He loved natural lands in Missouri and elsewhere and gave unselfishly in many ways to help conserve them. As a member of the Garden’s Board of Trustees, he was especially interested in the Arboretum, work- ing diligently for its expansion and preservation. Mr. Primm retired from the Pulitzer Publishing Company in 1979 as general manager and senior vice president. His career with the company spanned more than 40 years. At a memorial service at St. Peter’s Episcopal Church in Ladue, on June 27, 1988, Mr. Primm’s son, Sandy, read the eulogy presented on this page. The Garden extends its deepest sympathy to Mr. Primm’s wife and family. His commitment to the Garden and, in particu- lar, the Arboretum was unparalleled. He will be missed. The observation deck overlooking the experimental prairie at Shaw Arboretum has been named for Mr. Primm, and two benches have been placed there in his honor. The benches were built of native white oak cut from Arboretum windfalls. A Man Who Planted Wildflowers An Elegy for A. Timon Primm III, Sept. 14, 1914-June 24, 1988 Five days ago I met him at one of his favorite parts of the world, the Belleview Valley of the Missount Ozarks, where he, family and fnends spent many days enjoying the hills and the ticks. We had lunch Thursday on the screen porch at Possum Trot, the farm of Virginia and Leonard Hall, now tn thetr well-considered 90s, and their grandson Rick and his family. With my friend Doug Wixson we talked about how good the shower sounded that stayed over the valley for a while as we assayed the hay and bluebird crops. Then the sun came out, we drove down the hill and crossed Saline Creek to a large bottomland pasture my father owned in part because it harbors the rare Purple Fringeless Orchid and gave him another connection to what he loved. Of course he loved many people, many things, and had strong ideas, being a Frenchman and farmer at heart. By the next even- ing, before dark last Friday, he was dead. Timon ate all the oat bran he could, but it just wasn’t enough. He had time only to say goodbye to his wife and a few handfuls of wildflower seeds. What he would say to us now tf he could would be a fierce, joy- ful diatribe befitting his Old Testament name and Huguenot blood, proud to be an upstanding Amencan small ‘d’ democrat and however reluctant taxpayer. But on Thursday he spoke only through shovel and hoe and a bag of praine wildflower seeds, given to him by friends, on a field where he hoped to raise native grasses. The self-appointed godfather of prairie chickens, his friends’ grandchildren and wild public lands carefully broke up the dried seedheads of these flowers. He mixed together enough different seeds for us to plant on a hot summer afternoon. Timon wasn't a man to rush things. He had planted everything from yearly family live Chnstmas trees to modern printing plants, and wanted even a little project like this planting to be done nght. In this much he got hts wish—he will never be an invalid. Only God knows if it will ever rain on those few dozen patches of Bun- dleflower, Liatris and Purple Coneflower seeds he planted last Thursday in the depths of drought. He hoped he had fledged some bluebirds this spring, had loved two operas and festivities with Jnends and helped pass petitions for soil conservation and the state parks. When we were finally finished with our job on the pasture, Timon said, “a few of these seeds planted in dry soil just might make it. Seed can lie dormant in dry ground a long time and still come up when the weather turns right.” —By Alex T. Primm, with help of friends, mother, sisters and wife The Wilderness Wagon Rides Again day from 8:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. For more information on the Sunday tours or group rental, please call the Arboretum at 977-5138 or 742-3512. in offer narrated tours on the popular Wilderness Wagon. The wagon will run on Sundays from September 11 through November 6. Depending on the season, visitors may see thousands of daffodils, delicate wild- flowers, the tall prairie, fall foliage, many species of birds or, with luck, deer or wild turkey. The Wagon leaves the Visitor Center on an hourly schedule and stops at the Trail House. Visitors may spend time walking on the woodland trails and return to the Visitor Center on a later trip. The Wilderness Wagon may also be reserved by groups Monday through Fri- Loop Road To Open Shaw Arboretum will again open the Trail House Loop Road on Wednesdays and Thursdays, for those who find walking difficult. For safety reasons, visitors are asked to stop and register at the Visitor Center. From September 7 through November 10, the Loop Road will be open to vehicles from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. For more information, please call the Arboretum at 577-5138 or 742-3512. 17. ae kor Younger Members A hike through the woods on a fall afternoon is always a colorful adventure, but you will find the forest even more interesting when you learn to identify the trees. Missouri has more than 200 spe- cles of trees and each has characteristics that help identify it. You can learn to iden- tify trees yourself by looking at their leaves. Leaves can be classified into two basic categories, simple and compound. A sim- ple leaf has one leaf blade on the leaf stalk (petiole). A compound leaf has multiple leaf blades on a petiole. Look at trees in your neighborhood and see if you can find leaves that look like the examples below. Simple Compound Y Identifying Trees Another way to identify leaves is to look at the leaf margins (edges). Some margins have teeth like a carpenter’s saw. Other margins are whole and smooth. wl lye Entire Doubly-serrate Toothed Lobed Maple trees have deeply cut margins that are called lobed. Some leaves look like needles. These belong to a group of trees called conifers. You can do some simple identifications by using the chart at right. Try to find trees that have leaves that match those on the chart. If you are interested in learning more about tree identification, you can check out a book from your library. PROJECT / Building a Plant Press Use a plant press to dry your leaf col- lection before you mount the specimens. Making a plant press is easy. You can use scrap lumber and follow the simple direc- tions listed below. Ask an adult to help you. You will need: 64 small nails Lightweight hammer and saw What to do: 1. Measure and saw out four pieces of wood 18 inches long, 11 inches wide and about *% inches thick. 2. Cut 16 pieces of wood 12 inches long, 1 inch wide, and 1/4 inch thick. 3. Make two frames out of the slats. Use one-half of the material for each frame. They should resemble the drawing below. oe @ eee © GO@ e@ 386 To make the press ready for use, get the following: 1. Two buckle straps or pieces of rope, each about four feet long. 2. At least 20 newspaper sheets for holding plant specimens. 3. Several sheets of corrugated cardboard. When you have collected your leaf specimens, place them in the plant press within a few hours of collection. Lay one of the frames on a table and cut a piece of cardboard to fit. Lay several sheets of newspaper on the cardboard. Put a speci- men on top of the newspaper. Add several more sheets of newspaper, another piece of cardboard, and repeat until your press is full. Then put a sheet of cardboard over the top of the pile and your other frame on top of this. Wrap the press tightly with your straps and place it in a warm place to dry. Ginkgo Chinese Elm Sugar Maple \\\ Willow Oak Dawn Redwood Red Ash sy eY Shumard Oak — Cornelian-Cherry Red Bud pe xb Yellowwood American Holly Sweet Gum When your plant specimens have dried in the plant press for five to ten days they will be ready for mounting. The paper for mounting should be stiff enough not to buckle when handled and should be at least 12 x 16 inches in size. Use white glue to mount the leaves of each tree on a sep- arate page. Place a label on the page telling the name of the tree from which you collected the leaf, and include the common name, scientific name, date and place of collec- tion and the uses of the tree. All this infor- mation will make it easier for another leaf collector to learn about your collection. Behind the Scenes rn Fall Classes for Younger Members The Henry Shaw Academy offers stu- dents aged seven and older exciting ways to investigate topics in science, ecology and natural history. A membership in the Academy is $15 per year, and includes newsletters, a membership card, invita- tions to special events and an Academy T-shirt. For a complete brochure on cur- rent HSA classes and activities, call 977-5140. FALL 1988 Henry Shaw Academy Classes Ages 7-9 Wet and Wild, Sept. 17 Adventures With Insects, Sept. 24 Memorable Missourt Mammals, Oct. 8 The World Through a Microscope, Oct. 29 Ages 10-13 River Ecology Canoe Trip, Sept. 25 Our Microscopic Planet, 2 sessions: Oct. 1, 15 Map and Compass Explorations, Oct. 22 Science Fair Experiments, 4 sessions: Oct. 29, Nov. 5, 12, 19 Saturday Morning Family Activities These delightful activities are held at the Garden, for children five years of age or older. Children must be accompanied by an adult and adults must register with a child to attend. For more information, see the 1988 Fall Courses and Lectures brochure recently mailed to Members, or call 577-5140. Bees, Beetles, Butterflies and Flowers, Sept. 10 Forest Friends, Sept. 24 A Crystal Forest, Oct. 1 The Wonderful World of Plants, Oct. 22 NESE Steyermark Receives Grant Garden curator Dr. Julian A. Steyer- mark has received a grant of $150,000 from the National Science Foundation in support of a project titled “The Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana.” The grant is effective through 1991, and it will help Dr. Steyermark and his research assistants to work toward their goal of publishing a fully illustrated flora of the plants of the region by next year. The Venezuelan Guayana is the so- called “Lost World” area of Venezuela made famous by Conan Doyle’s 1912 adventure classic. (See Bulletin issues for July/August 1987 and Novem- Marketing Director Joins the Garden Teresa A. Dresler has been named to the newly created position of director of marketing for the Garden, effective August I, 1988. Ms. Dresler will report to Garden director Peter H. Raven. As director of marketing, Ms. Dresler will oversee operation of the Garden’s food service, retail shops and visitor center. She will also be responsible for public relations, marketing and facility rental. Prior to joining the Garden, Ms. Dresler was convention manager for the A. J. Cer- vantes Convention Center. She holds a B.S. degree in social work from St. Louis University. New Personnel Director Named Sue L. Wilkerson has been named director of personnel for the Garden effective July 20, 1988. She will be respon- sible for all human resources programs. Before joining the Garden, Ms. Wilkerson was director, employee relations/affirm- ative action for St. Louis University, where she had been employed since 1985. Ms. Wilkerson holds a master of busi- ness administration degree from South- ern Illinois University-Edwardsville and is certified as Professional in Human Resources by the Personnel Accreditation Institute. She is active in many profes- sional associations including the Ameri- can Society for Personnel Administration, the Human Resources Management Asso- ciation of Greater St. Louis and the Indus- trial Relations Research Association. SRG SS SE RE Gees ee SSE Ecuador Project Receives Additional Funding One of the Garden’s projects in Ecua- dor, “Trees of Amazonian Ecuador,” has received additional funding of $60,000 from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Last summer USAID awarded the project with a $106,000 grant. The additional funding will allow Dr. David Alan Neill, assistant curator, to study the plant life of areas adjacent to the Hollin-Loreto Road. The major purpose of the project is to provide Ecuador’s for- estry department with botanical informa- tion about tree species found in its Amazonian region. The information is essential for implementation of proper forestry protection and management. Other goals of the project include establishing research grants for Ecu- adorian professors and students, training local residents along the Hollin-Loreto Road in biological research methods, pub- lishing a field guide identifying the trees native to eastern Ecuador, and establish- ing several permanent and protected plots of forest to allow for future studies. USAID is a government organization devoted to the support of developing countries in their efforts to improve their standards of living. At present, USAID is actively involved in supporting activities related to the conservation and sustaina- ble utilization of the biological diversity in tropical countries of the world. AS a EE PEEPS rere ber/December 1986.) Dr. Steyermark is an authority on the flora of Venezuela, and has devoted 30 years to its exploration and study. He is credited with collecting more than 138,000 plant specimens, and is recognized in the Guinness Book of World Records as the “champion plant col- lector.” 1. eons “s <: <—t ‘ Piya Sty 4 as A 1989 Garden calendar From the Garden Gate Shop Annual Fall Sale and Bulb Extravaganza Members Preview: Thursday and Fri- day, September 8 and 9, 9:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. Sale opens to the public: Saturday and Sunday, September 10 and 11, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Members save 20 percent on all mer- chandise, all four days at the Shop’s annual fall sale. Visit the Orthwein Floral Display Hall for a marvelous array of bulbs and hardy mums. Then come into the Shop for tropical plants, orchids, bromeliads, hanging baskets and bonsai, as well as a great selection of gifts, gardening acces- sories, tools, statuary and books. Plan now for a colorful spring garden! Cards and Calendars Holiday shoppers will be pleased to hear that Missouri Botanical Garden Christmas cards and 1989 calendars are on sale now in the Garden Gate Shop. The 16 inch by 12 inch full-color calen- dar features 38 photographs by St. Louisan Jack Jennings. The calendar lists hun- dreds of historical facts about the Garden, St. Louis, botany and the United States. A color poster describing the Garden’s research program in the tropics 1s included as well. Calendars are only $9.95 each, with the proceeds benefiting the Garden. The card features a holiday view of the Japanese Garden created by St. Louis art- ist Dhimitri Zonia. Cards can be pur- chased with no message or with the wording, ‘‘Peace and Joy in the New Year.” A package of 10 Garden holiday cards and envelopes are $9.95. 1989 Calendar Order Form Please send me Missouri Botanical Garden Calendars at $9.95 each (plus $2.00 post- age and handling). NAME ADDRESS CITY TELEPHONE STATE ZIP __] Enclosed is my check for $ Payable to: Missouri Botanical Garden _] Please charge: VISA/MC No. Expiration date Name as it appears on card: Mail to: Missouri Botanical Garden Garden Gate Shop P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 5 A Et RR 0 RE NCS NSAI AR Be Phe PES A CF STCOABE BLATT EE SN 08 ALADDIN Raven Research Receives NSF Grant Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the Garden, has received a grant from the National Science Foundation for a project titled “Systematic and Evolutionary Studies in the plant family Onagraceae.” The $75,253 award is effective to October 31, 1989, and is the last installment of a three-year grant of $213,445 issued in 1986. The grant supports a long-term study of the Onagraceae (evening primrose fam- ily), a family of almost 700 species that includes such favorite ornamentals as Fuchsia. The objectives of the project are to complete a thorough systematic revi- sion of the entire family, to develop Onagraceae as a model for evolutionary studies, and to use the knowledge of the patterns of variation in the family to evalu- ate additional characteristics and tech- niques. Raven has researched the Onagraceae for 30 years and, with the collaboration of numerous colleagues worldwide, has made it the most thoroughly studied plant family of its size. The information Raven has helped compile is used regularly as a model for understanding patterns and processes of plant evolution in general. Raven is supported on the project by Garden assistant curators Dr. Peter C. Hoch and Dr. Elsa Zardini. Raven Receives Allerton Award Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the Garden, is the recipient of the 1987 Robert Allerton Award for Excellence in Tropical Botany. He received the award from the Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai, Kauai, Hawai. The Allerton Award is given biennially and is named to honor one of the garden’s founding trus- tees and its principle benefactor. The Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden was chartered by Act of Congress on August 19, 1964 as a non-profit corporation. It is a scientific research and education center for tropical botany and horticulture. MAY-JUNE 1988 In Honor Of: Dr. and Mrs. Oliver Abel III Dr. and Mrs. Charles Abel Mr. and Mrs. Michael G. Walther Ms. Elaine Alexander M.I. Students Class of 1993 Mrs. Ben Alper Mrs. Ruth Schwartz Mr. H. F. Baer Mr. and Mrs. David R. Townsend Mr. Clark Barrett Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mr. and Mrs. G. Duncan Bauman Mr. and Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mr. and Mrs. William E. Kaufman Mr. and Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck Lee and Torry Berger and Family Mr. and Mrs. Ralph A. Herzmark Mr. and Mrs. Howard T. Bland Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur Mrs. Peter Brandt Mrs. David N. Grosberg Mrs. Ernest D. Loewenwarter Mr. and Mrs. Saul Brodsky Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson Mr. and Mrs. Steve Chilton Mr. and Mrs. John B. Henkle Ms. Dolores A. Miller Ms. Leslie Conway Mr. and Mrs. James L. Spehr Mr. and Mrs. William H. Crandall Mr. and Mrs. C. Peyton Daniel Mr. and Mrs. John L. Dorrell, Jr. Mary E. Chapman Marjory Wozniak Miss Robin Dunlap Mr. and Mrs. John O. Felker Mr. and Mrs. Oliver W. Hickel, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Fischer Mr. and Mrs. Henry A. Jubel Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Oehler Mrs. Teresa M. Fischer Mr. and Mrs. Clay Mollman Tom and Emily Friedman Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Francis, Jr. Dr. Robert Gillespie Mrs. Esther Myrick Mr. Marvin B. Goldman Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff Mr. and Mrs. Sid Goldman Mr. and Mrs. Allan Kofsky Mr. Peter Guarraia Fred and Louise Goldberg Mr. and Mrs. Charles G. Hirt Mr. and Mrs. David F. Orwig Mr. Peter Hochschild Mr. and Mrs. Roland J. Ditmeyer Dr. and Mrs. David Goldring Mr. and Mrs. Fritz Mann Dr. and Mrs. Gerald T. Perkoff Mrs. Melvine Hyken Mrs. Sylvia I. Shapiro Mr. Jack Jennings Medical Mission Sisters Association Mrs. Ellen Jones Mr. and Mrs. Stephen D. Mitchell Mr. and Mrs. Henry Jubel Mr. and Mrs. Wayne Bennetsen Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan Mr. and Mrs. Raymond C. Jaudes Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Kaufman Mr. and Mrs. Milton J. Canis Mrs. Ruth Schwartz Mrs. Richard A. Klein Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal Miss Ann Elizabeth Kresko Mrs. Raoul Pantaleoni Mr. and Mrs. W. Todd Terry, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Lapp Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick Mr. J. Marshall Magner Miss Elizabeth Goltermann Mr. and Mrs. John W. Weingaertner Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Mange Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook James McCaskill Missouri Walk-Ways Association, Inc. Louise Robinson McReynolds Her Family Mr. and Mrs. Robert Murphy Mrs. Kenneth W. Grattendick Mrs. Thomas F. Neher Dr. and Mrs. Anthony R. Montebello Mrs. Joseph H. Ogura Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hochschild Dick Proctor Mr. and Mrs. Howard J. Siegel Francis Raven Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Schonwald Dr. Peter H. Raven Saint Louis Country Day School Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Schonwald Mrs. Tamra Raven Mrs. Henry L. Freund Mr. Oscar Rexford Mr. and Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mrs. Lois Ross Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson Mrs. Luciana Gladney Ross Dr. and Mrs. Austin F. Montgomery Mr. and Mrs. Ed Ruesing Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Wolf Mary and Charles M. Ruprecht Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer Mr. Tom Schweizer Mr. and Mrs. Bert Schweizer Dr. and Mrs. Richard Shaw Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Drain, Jr. Mrs. Geraldine Silberman Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner Mr. James A. Singer Mr. and Mrs. James E. Schiele Mr. John Sink Mr. and Mrs. Marc Seldin Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Smith Mrs. Mitzi Sisson Marilyn and Arnold Goldman Dr. John S. Skinner Mr. and Mrs. Ralph E. Piper (The tribute in honor of Dr. Skinner was incorrectly listed under Memonals in the last issue. We regret the error.) Mrs. Alma Smith Dr. and Mrs. Herluf G. Lund Mrs. Selma Soule Mrs. Ruth Schwartz Prof. Sondra Stang Bernetta Jackson State of Israel 40th Anniversary St. Louis Chapter Hadassah Mrs. Malcolm Steiner Mrs. Agnes F. Baer Mr. James Thompson Mr. and Mrs. Ralph A. Herzmark Mr. and Mrs. Edward Turner Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner Carol Unger and Jack Koepernik Dr. and Mrs. Leslie Rich Dr. and Mrs. Vernon Wehmueller Marye F. Parsons Amanda and Matthew White Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern Mr. and Mrs. Francis Wielandy Mr. and Mrs. Carl F. Kottmeier Prof. Robert Wiltenburg Mrs. Bernetta Jackson Mr. and Mrs. Lyle Woodcock Ms. Mary Amey Mrs. Robert Baird Mr. George Bechtold Mrs. Margaret Bender Mr. Paul G. Benignus Mrs. Nellie Bernhardt Mrs. De Lee Bigham Mr. and Mrs. James K. Bigham Mr. and Mrs. Howard L. Blevins Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Bockrath Mr. and Mrs. Allan P. Brandewiede Mr. and Mrs. Raymond L. Breun Mrs. Ruth Brewster Mrs. William M. Bridwell Mrs. Ruth Browne Mr. and Mrs. R.E. Burlis Ms. Rosemary Burtelow Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Burtner Mr. L. Vernon Caine Ms. Agnes M. Cantalin Mr. and Mrs. Max Carlisle Ms. Irene Carper Ms. Mildred Carper Mr. and Mrs. Wallace Crow Rene Curry Mr. and Mrs. William Dadek Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Damsgaard Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Dixon Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Ebel Mr. and Mrs. Steven W. Ebel Mr. and Mrs. Orville Ellis Mrs. Corinne Emmendorfer Mr. and Mrs. James Endicott Mr. and Mrs. Philip M. Eppler Mr. and Mrs. William Filbert Mr. and Mrs. Robert K. Follansbee Mr. and Mrs. Nick Giebels Mr. Joseph C. Giedeman Mr. and Mrs. Alfred E. Goldman Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Goldstein Ms. Lucille Grady Mr. and Mrs. Aubrey J. Greenberg Ms. Esther Guenther Ins V. Habermaas Mr. and Mrs. Alfred M. Hammers Ms. Juanita Heiland Ms. Shelley Heiland Mrs. G. G. Hertslet Mrs. Claude E. Hightower Mrs. Marian R. Hogenkamp Mr. Glen E. Holt Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Hutsell Jefferson Bank and Trust Mr. and Mrs. Cleland Juenger Mr. George C. Key and Family Mr. George E. Key Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Kohm Mr. and Mrs. Wm. J. Krieger Mr. and Mrs. August H. Lamack Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth A. Lamack Sandy Lucy Mr. and Mrs. Russell Mason Mr. J. H. McConnell Mr. and Mrs. John M. Mcllroy Mr. and Mrs. George Mehan Mr. John L. Mentz Mr. Fred Meyer Mr. and Mrs. Reuben M. Morriss III Mr. Donald Mundinger Mr. John F. Norwood Mr. and Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Betsy O’Herin Mr. and Mrs. Wayne Paceley Mr. and Mrs. Garrett Palmer Mr. and Mrs. W. V. Palmer Edwin Paradoski Mr. and Mrs. Ward S. Parker Mrs. Marlin Perkins Mr. and Mrs. Ed Pohrer Mr. and Mrs. James B. Price Dr. and Mrs. John D, Radke Ms. Lorraine M. Raster Ms. Genevieve Renner Dr. and Mrs. Leslie Rich Ms. Judith A. Rinesmith Mr. and Mrs. Emil Royco Mr. and Mrs. Edward Ruder Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Ryan Mr. and Mrs. Roy H. Sander Mrs. Alma L. Schaller Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Schraudenbach Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Schuppan Mr. and Mrs. Neil Shanahan Mr. and Mrs. Max P. Shelton Mr. William P. Sherman Mrs. Marie E. Sims Ms. Marie M. Waddell Mr. Franklin F. Wallis Jane A. Ward Margaret Warden Mrs. Bess M. Weingartner Mrs. William Wieland Ms. Evelyn N. Woodcock Ms. Helen Woodcock Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Woodcock Mr. and Mrs. Francis H. Zeller Zodiac Birthday Club Mr. and Mrs. Thomas S. Yates Sr. Jane Hassett Mr. and Mrs. Lee Zeve Mrs. Matilda F. Canis Mr. and Mrs. Gene Tischler In Memory Of: Mr. Arthur Altvater Mr. and Mrs. Mike J. Todorovich Mrs. Bobbie Amick Ms. Vivian F. Powell Mr. Gustaf Anderson Ms. Lynn K. Silence continued on next page continued Harriet Rodes Bakewell Mrs. J. H. Nash Mrs. Jerome Barker Mr. Jerome A. Gross Mr. and Mrs. Henry C. Lowenhaupt Mr. William Beezley Miss Rita E. Nikonowicz Mrs. Patricia Abbot Biby Mrs. Bernice Hilgendorf Mr. and Mrs. T. M. Nagie Mrs. Ava Blake Mr. and Mrs. Carl F. Ritchie Mr. Edmund Boyce, Sr. Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Miss Muriel Braeutigam Miss Marilyn Heneghan Ms. Jaclyn Meyer Mrs. Geraldine Epp Smith Mr. John P. Bufe Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon H. Stock Bob Christensen’s Mother Mr. and Mrs. Larry Feiss Mr. George Clarkson Mr. and Mrs. David J. McKay III Mildred Clinger Mrs. Edward P. Zawadzki Mrs. Lena Cobb Mr. and Mrs. J. Harold Matthew Mrs. Dorothy Mumford Coleman Ms. Virginia McDonald Mr. Herbert Condie, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom Mrs. James Barrett Brown Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hitchcock Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mrs. Whitelaw Terry Mr. Donald Coursey, Sr. Stephen P. Mullin Family Mr. Alfred Crancer, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Ed Bellamy Joyce, Don and Tasha Crancer Mr. and Mrs. Michael Crancer. Mr. and Mrs. Buford Eubanks Family and Friends Ken, Thelma and Christine Hanks Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Haywood Mr. and Mrs. J. Hollis Mrs. F. J. Manganaro Lena Marlar Mr. and Mrs. Robert Smith Whitson-King, Inc. Miss Kathleen A. Cronin Mrs. Edward J. Robson Mrs. Eugene Cronk Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. Thompson Mrs. Morton Werner Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Mrs. Rosemary Cupp Mrs. Eugenia Fish Mr. Ted Decker Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mr. Bernie Lee Dickie Mr. and Mrs. Ralph M. Schaefer Mrs. Dorothy Dixon Mrs. Ben H. Senturia Mrs. Mollie Drane Mr. Henry T. Drane Mr. John M. Dressel Mr. Ferdinand B. Zienty Mr. Roy E. Dyer Mr. and Mrs. Reginald Wells and Daughter Mr. Samuel H. Edelmann Mr. and Mrs. Ron Ressler Mr. Harry A. Edelstein Mr. and Mrs. Merlyn M. Hoffman Mr. James D. Edgar Emmanuel Nursery School Mr. and Mrs. Travis Hammer, Jr. Ms. Anne LaMonte Dr. and Mrs. Timothy J. Towers Carl Erhard Mr. and Mrs. Leon E. Ruh, Jr. Mr. Howard A. Estabrook Mrs. Kathryn M. Morgan Mrs. Ida Fancher Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Garnholz Charles F. Fields Mr. and Mrs. Hugo Brueggenjohann CWA-Local 6320 Mr. and Mrs. Hal Franks Mrs. Margaret Higgins Internal Revenue Service, Taxpayer Service Division Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mikusch Mr. and Mrs. Harold Richmann Mr. and Mrs. William S. Snodgrass Southwestern Bell Publications Mr. and Mrs. Erv Vlasak Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Wallace Mr. and Mrs. Donald Weingart Mr. John Patrick Flanagan Mr. David S. Schlamb Mr. William Forrest Mrs. Dorothy Dwyer Mr. Dick Foster Mr. and Mrs. Jere Hochman Thelma Gilbreath Miss Patricia R. Williamson Mrs. Ella Ginsberg Mrs. Sylvia I. Shapiro Mr. Alan Godlewski American Association of Museums Simon and Monica Barker Ms. Judith Bellos Mr. Franklin Brooks Mrs. Calvin Christy Mrs. Edwin R. Culver, Jr. Environmental Planning and Design Mr. and Mrs. Harry N. D. Fisher Mrs. Henry L. Freund Mrs. Margaret Glenn Mr. and Mrs. John C. Heisler Miss Cecily Hoffius Dr. and Mrs. August H. Homeyer Mr. and Mrs. Seaton Hunter Dr. and Mrs. David M. Kipnis Dr. and Mrs. Sherman J. LeMaster Jeanne McGilligan Missouni Botanical Garden—Board of Trustees Missouri Botanical Garden— Volunteers/Instructors Mrs. S. F. Morris Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James Simons Mr. Franklin F. Wallis Mrs. Pauline Goetz Mr. and Mrs. George R. Bakker, Jr. Maude Street Gordon Mrs. J. H. Nash Mr. Arthur Grossman Mr. and Mrs. Seymour Feinstein Helen J. Hadley Mr. and Mrs. Glenn W. Smith Sonny Hahs Ora Hahs Dickemann Mrs. Betty Handkins Mrs. Charles Bramstedt Mrs. Ida Browning Mrs. Viola G. Harford Four Seasons Garden Club Mr. Robert S. Hatch Mrs. Anne M. Anderson Mrs. Katherine H. Hedley Mrs. E. B. Murer Mrs. Viola Heibert Dr. and Mrs. David M. Kipnis Mrs. A. C. Schuchardt Mr. Walter W. Heimbuecher Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hochschild Mr. Frank P. Hendrickson Mr. and Mrs. George R. Bakker, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Warren Glickert Dr. Morris Herman Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Gerwiner Lois Holmes Jane Brown Mark Govoni and Family Mrs. Marcella Holtzman Henry Hennessey Family Jen Phelan and Family Col. (Ret.) Daniel H. Hundley Mrs. Joseph W. Boyle Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Davidson Mr. and Mrs. Elmer G. Kiefer é PI P.’ 9 Mr. and Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble Mrs. Jacobs Ms. Janice F. Putnam Ray Jaegert’s Mother Miss Margaret Joyce Dr. Joseph C. Jaudon The Quigley Family Erma Karst Frontenac Garden Club Mrs. Rose A. Kaufman Mr. and Mrs. Frank O. Bittner III] Mrs. Florence Koehler Mrs. Ross B. Luitjens, Jr. Mrs. Melva Korn Rock Hill Garden Club #1 Miss Imogene Krietemeyer Mr. and Mrs. William S. Harrenstein Carla Lange Mrs. J. H. Nash Mr. Luke Lanwermeyer Mr. and Mrs. Vincent A. Brencick Mrs. Dorothy Rosenbaum Laser Dr. Kenneth D. Laser Mr. John S. Rupes Mr. Edward Lee Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman Mrs. Janet Leslie Mrs. Robert A. Humber Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. —eEeEeEEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeE Mr. Kenneth C. Lever Mr. and Mrs. Ferd L. Bopp Mr. Harry Lydick Mr. and Mrs. Dick Archer Mr. Thomas Lydon Mr. and Mrs. Kurt Spieler Mrs. Walter S. Mahoney Mr. and Mrs. Roy E. Harvey Mr. Leon D. Marks Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas Mr. Ralph Marotta Mrs. Ruth E. Scott Mr. J. Harold Matthew Mrs. Roy S. Hettick Mr. and Mrs. Charles Tomlinson Dr. Layton Mauze, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Charles W. McAlpin Mr. and Mrs. William H. Engelsmann Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Holton Mrs. Tom E. McCary Mr. and Mrs. Howard U. Wilson Mr. A. J. McCoy Mr. and Mrs. Gerard Andert Mrs. McDowell Mr. Lawrence P. Badler Miss Irene McElroy Mr. and Mrs. W. O. McConnell Mr. Hugh McPheeters, Jr. Frances F. McPheeters Mr. and Mrs. James W. Metcalfe Ellen Menut Mrs. Nellie S. Ferguson Miss Virginia Meredith Mrs. Tom E. McCary Mr. Stanley Mitchell Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Grote Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Schonwald Mrs. Elise Morton Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas James H. Nash Mrs. J. H. Nash Mrs. Beverly Barnes O’ Hare Sandy, Jeanne, Steve, Diana, Mark and Sally Cortopassi Arlie Wolter Eva Olinsky Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Pandorf Mrs. Jane Parks-Clifford Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Citerman Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence H. Davis Mrs. Eileen K. Eckert Mr. Bruce L. Liles Joseph Martinich Judith S. Middlebrook Mr. and Mrs. E. B. Murray Vicki L. Sauter Mayor and Mrs. Vincent C. Schoemenhl, Jr. The New City School, 5th Grade Class Mr. and Mrs. James E. Tierney Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Tucker Mrs. Jane Russell Pence Mrs. Carolyn B. Pratt Suzey Pepple Mr. and Mrs. Pete Berndt | Mr. Alexander Timon Primm Mr. and Mrs. James G. Alfring Mr. and Mrs. Howard F Baer Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell Mr. Edward L. Bakewell III Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur Mrs. William Bixby, Jr. Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal Dr. and Mrs. James T. Chamness Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas Mr. and Mrs. H. Harrison Culver Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin, Jr. Joan Esposito Mr. and Mrs. John Gardner Mr. and Mrs. W. Ashley Gray, Jr. Mrs. James H. Grove Mr. and Mrs. George H. Hall Mr. and Mrs. Philip Hall Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hitchcock Mrs. Stella B. Houghton Mr. and Mrs. James H. Howe III Mr. and Mrs. T. Frank James, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Landon Y. Jones Mrs. Sears Lehmann, Jr. Mrs. William M. Love Mr. and Mrs. Henry N. McCluney Mrs. H. Leighton Morrill Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Oertli Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. O'Neill Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Mrs. Raoul Pantaleoni Mr. and Mrs. W. Anderson Payne Selwyn Pepper Mrs. Walter F. Raven Mrs. Patricia Rich Mr. and Mrs. Edwin G. Russell Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly Ms. Eleanor L. Schlafly Mr. and Mrs. Henry T. Schlapp Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh Mr. Robert A. K. Smith The Boatmen’s National Bank of St. Louis—Officers and Directors The Guaranty Trust Company of Missouri Mrs. John C. Tobin Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Mr. David M. Pynchon Mrs. Raoul Pantaleoni Mrs. Maria Ravarino Mr. James M. Canavan, Jr. Jean Russell Redhage Ms. Jean Hudson Pat Payton Mr. Samuel Ribaudo, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Paul J. Shaver Mr. Robert Robson, Jr. Rick Halpern Cory Hartung Eileen Roehr Mr. Edward O. Roehr Mr. Lester Roemer Mr. and Mrs. Michael P. Fogarty Mrs. Carrie Thelma Routt Ms. Doris D. Billmeyer Mrs. Hilda Boyer Ms. E. J. Burge Ms. R. J. Geis Mr. and Mrs. Michael C. Prochko Mr. and Mrs. Elmer N. Stuetzer Miss Laura J. Stuetzer Ms. Martha B. Stuetzer Mrs. A. P. Rowlette Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz Mr. Carl Runge Miss Margaret Joyce Mr. Nelson Russell Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Mathews Mrs. Lillian Sableman Mr. and Mrs. Fred Bouchein Mrs. Louise Schmelzle Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Casey, Jr. Mr. A. Wessell Shapleigh, Jr. Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell Mr. and Mrs. H. Harrison Culver Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin, Jr. The Boatmen’s National Bank of St. Louis— Officers and Directors Mrs. Georgine Silhavy Miss Helen E. Sheppard Mr. Jim Simons Mrs. Morris Suchart Mrs. Anne Smyser Mr. and Mrs. Carl Strauss Ms. Tessa Tilden-Smith Mrs. Emma Spiesman Mrs. Myrtle G. Weinrobe Mr. Lawrence Spring Mr. and Mrs. Donald W. Leber Mr. Ronnie Spring Mr. and Mrs. Donald W. Leber Mrs. Kathryn Stenzhorn Mr. and Mrs. Milton E. Robinson Mrs. Josephine F. Stephens Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin, Jr. The Boatmen’s National Bank of St. Louis—Officers and Directors Mr. Charles Stewart Mr. and Mrs. Andy Chirchirillo Mr. Frederick Giraud Mr. and Mrs. Charles Gouaux Cathy Johnson Mrs. Kathy Maryan Ilene Wittels Mrs. Luevenia Casey Stewart George S. Tucker Jeffrey T. Tucker John H. Ward Ollie Tucker Ward Mrs. Florence Stocker Mrs. Helen M. Hyer Mr. Wayne Stumpf Mr. and Mrs. Roy W. Stumpf Alphonse Sur Mr. Don Dotzauer Mrs. Elizabeth Swan Harry G. Gerding Family Mr. John E. Taylor Mrs. James C. Travilla Elizabeth Tillman Mr. and Mrs. Harold N. Kravin Patrick Tynan Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Olga Ekaitis Uram Miss Thelma Meaux Mr. John D. Philips Mr. and Mrs. Christopher M. Smith E. Robin Smith Edythe Meaux Smith Mimi Urban Mary Kibler Mr. Harry J. Viesselman Sue and Toshi Doi Mr. Corwin von Brecht Leland M. Bower Hal Doolittle Bob Haury Mrs. J. Edgar Lumpkin M. W. Kellogg Company—Instrument Control Systems and Advanced Process Control Groups Mr. David T. McMullan National Aviation Underwriters Miss Julia F. Nouss Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. K. Smith Mrs. Virgil Voorhees Ms. Janet K. Powell Mr. Derald Wallace Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Rich Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Wallerstedt Mrs. Louis A. Eberhardt Mrs. Shirley Wallerstein Dr. and Mrs. Ronald D. Gersten Mrs. Vera D. Wavering Dr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr. Mrs. Marion Hutchins Weber Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Jolley, Jr. Mrs. Walter L. Metcalfe, Sr. Mrs. Harriet Spoehrer Mrs. Fred Wulfing Mr. and Mrs. John Wenzel Steve Arnold Mr. and Mrs. Donald D. Brandt Mr. and Mrs. Richard S. Brzenk Mr. and Mrs. Jim Buersmeyer Mr. and Mrs. David Giffin Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Goldman Mr. and Mrs. Milton D. King Mrs. Anita Lantz Mr. and Mrs. Robert Lawton Wayne Lee Mr. and Mrs. Jack McEwing Mr. and Mrs. Anthony J. Micale, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Kemeth E. Osbourn Mr. and Mrs. Doug Price | Ms. Barbara Radtke Ms. Judith E. Reedy Mr. and Mrs. Jack Rogers Mrs. Rosemary Shadwick Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Stone Ms. Carol Stukey Mr. and Mrs. Gary Zide Raymond and Dorotha Whitnah Valeria Blair Kaye L. Whitnah Mrs. Victoria Wisney Dr. Janet D. Collins Dr. Lloyd R. Collins Mr. Reinhardt Wobus Mr. and Mrs. Hubert C. Moog Mr. Robert Woods Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm Holekamp Matthew Bohr Woolsey Roseann Weiss Mrs. Elsie Yule Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Power Mr. Herbert W. Ziercher Mrs. William H. Leyhe, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John Roos Mrs. Al Zink Mr. and Mrs. Harold Lewin The Hon. Vincent C. Schoemehl, Jr. Board of Trustees Mr. John H. Biggs President Mr. Joseph H. Bascom Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. Mr. Gerald D. Blatherwick Mr. Stephen F. Brauer Mr. William H. T. Bush Mr. Jules D. Campbell Dr. William H. Danforth Mr. Robert R. Hermann Rt. Rev. William A. Jones, Jr. Mr. David W. Kemper Mr. Charles F. Knight Mr. Robert E. Kresko Mr. William E. Maritz Mr. James S. McDonnell III Mr. Lucius B. Morse III Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Mrs. Vernon W. Piper Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross Dr. Howard A. Schneiderman Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink Mrs. Walter G. Stern Dr. Joyce M. Thomas Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. O. Sage Wightman III EMERITUS TRUSTEES Mr. Howard F. Baer Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale Mr. Sam’! C. Davis Dr. Thomas S. Hall Mr. Henry Hitchcock Mrs. Anne L. Lehmann Mr. Joseph F. Ruwitch Mr. Louis S, Sachs Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh Mr. Robert Brookings Smith Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. Mrs. Harriet Spoehrer Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. MEMBERS’ BOARD Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky President Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp First vice president Ms. Elaine A. Alexander Second vice president Mrs. Robert P. Elsperman Secretary Mr. Frederick H. Atwood III Treasurer DIRECTOR Dr. Peter H. Raven MEMBERS’ SCULPTURE WALK 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. Meet on Spoehrer Plaza (PLEASE NOTE: This date has been changed from September 15.) Join us for a special fall tour with the Garden Guides. This is the first tour of sculpture at the Garden to feature the newly-installed bronzes by Car! Milles. Enjoy them in their spectacular setting in the pools facing Flora Gate, sur- rounded by the enchanting beauty of the waterlilies. Cash bar and light refreshments available. LECTURE BY ROBERTO BURLE MARX “Glorious Gardens: Landscape Design as Art”’ 7:30 p.m. * Shoenberg Auditorium $4 Members, $5 Non-members. Tickets available at ticket counter starting Monday, September 19, or at the door, Seating is limited. A lecture by Roberto Burle Marx, the celebrated Brazilian landscape architect, painter and botanist. Mr. Marx calls garden design “painting with plants.” He composes landscaping with an exuberant sense of romance and creative spirit, drawing inspiration from music, painting and sculpture. Mr. Marx is the recipient of many prestigious awards, including the 1983 Albert P. and Blanche pe Greensfelder Medal of the Missouri Botanical Gar- den, and the 1985 Medal Award from the American Society of Landscape Architects. The ASLA award stated: “few individuals have equaled his stature as a twentieth century Renaissance man with the design profession.” JUST PUBLISHED Sculpture at the Missouri Botanical Garden By George McCue $5.95 Available September 23. A comprehensive catalogue and history of sculpture at the Garden. Includes artists’ biographies, plus interpretation and photographs of each work of art. 48 pages. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN (ISSN-0026-6507) SECOND CLASS P.O. Box 299 POSTAGE Saint Louis, Missount 63166 PAID AT ST. LOUIS, M W7 Missouri Botanical (,arden VU NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1988 a/c aes | TOWER GROVE HousE Is DECORATED OLUME LXXvI oa FOR THE HOLIDAYS UMBER SIX 4 — all RR ee Comment Inside This Issue Research News Nine botanists from Latin America are studying at the Garden this year. Flora of China A landmark project with the People’s Republic of China is announced. 6 Graduate Education Program @m Cooperation with local universities has created a world-class program in systematic botany. Home Gardening Now is the time to take care of main- tenance chores and plant spring bulbs. Gardening at the Garden Native trees of Missouni are studied, propagated and protected. 10 Ask the Answer Service gam Cold-weather gardening tips, house plants, Christmas trees and terrariums. ll Tower Grove Park gag Henry Shaw’s vision created one of the finest Victorian park landscapes in the United States. Calendar of Events gm The holidays bring the return of our popular flower shows, plus parties, carolers, candlelight tours, and a visit from Santa. 16 From the Membership Office ame The Members’ Travel Program offers three marvelous trips for 1989. 20 For Younger Members Mae Projects for sight, taste and smell. =) 1988 Missouri Botanical Garden. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is published bi-monthly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. Subscription price $12.00 per year. $15.00 foreign. The BULLETIN is sent to every Member of the Garden as one of the benefits of membership. For a contribution of as little as $35 per year, Members also are entitled to: free admission to the Garden, Shaw Arboretum, and Tower Grove House; invitations to special events and receptions; announcements of all lectures and classes; discounts in the Garden Gate Shop and for course fees; and the opportunity to travel, domestic and abroad, with other Members. For information, please call (314) 577-5100. Postmaster: send address changes to Susan Wooleyhan, editor, BULLETIN, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Accomplishments and New Beginnings November marks the reopening of our traditional flower shows. Colorful chrys- anthemums highlight the Fall show in No- vember, and festive poinsettias accent the Holiday Fantasy show in December. Less than a year ago, we were in the final stages of completing the first part of the capital campaign—the three new greenhouse ranges. Today, those green- houses are in full use with increased capa- bility for plant propagation and production. The chrysanthemums and poinsettias decorating the flower shows were some of the first plants produced in our improved facilities. Looking toward year end, we are re- minded of past accomplishments and suc- cesses we achieved by working together to improve our facilities and programs, thus assuring that the Missouri Botanical Garden remains a premier institution in each of its areas of concentration. Throughout 1988, we have taken Th a advantage of new opportunities. We offered a well-rounded exhibit program; a new Fragrance Festival attracted superb publicity and attendance; educational pro- grams and lectures brought increased numbers of children and adults to the Gar- den; and we refurbished and replanted the lily pools area and installed the seven bronze figures by Swedish sculptor Carl Milles. The Climatron exterior renovation iS nearing completion and the interior renovation will begin soon. Without the assistance of a commit- ted, vital and active membership, the Garden could not maintain or expand these services and opportunities pro- vided to hundreds of thousands of people each year. Your continued involvement serves to strengthen the entire Garden. The Trustees and staff are grateful for all you have done and encourage you to spend time at the Garden enjoying the programs your support has helped to pro- vide. Happy Holidays! CL Kove (far right) with Fannie May executives (from left to right) Jean D. Thorne, John E. Hughes and Richard M. Peritz at the reception recognizing the Coleman/Fannie May Candies Foundation, Inc. for the support it provides to the St. Louis community, especially the Japanese Festival. Fannie May has served as the Japanese Festival sponsor since 1986. UPDATE: The Garden’s $16 million dollar fundraising campaign moves into its second year on the strength of a new record in con- tributions from private donors. As of Sep- tember 15, 1988 more than $12,635,000 had been received in gifts and pledges. E are off to a strong start,’ said Robert E. Kresko, Chairman of the Campaign Steering Committee. “But we still have to meet a fundraising challenge for the Climatron from The Kresge Founda- tion, complete the funding for the other four campaign components, and reach our $16 mil- lion final goal. We have a tough road ahead.” The Campaign for the Garden was publicly launched in the spring of 1987. In the year since, a total of $10 million was raised, the largest amount ever received by the Garden in a fundraising drive. Several significant gifts received early in the campaign, from four of the top Civic Progress firms and Mrs. Harriet ie = ape — # HISTORY BEING MADE: The first pane of thermal glass is installed in the Climatron dome. A Strong Start Spoehrer, a Trustee of the Garden, provided a solid base for the drive’s successful momen- tum. The Campaign is scheduled to be com- pleted by December 31, 1990. Kresko noted, “The first year’s results show that the Garden has garnered support throughout the St. Louis area.” Dr. Peter Raven added, “We are extremely grateful for all the support we have received thus far because it translates into new services that we can provide for Members and visitors.” The Kresge Foundation challenge involves a grant of $650,000 intended to stimulate remaining gifts needed to renovate the Clima- tron, a $6.4 million project and the largest sin- gle component of the drive in dollar terms. Payment of the award is contingent upon the Garden raising these remaining funds by August I, 1989. Thus far, $5.3 million has been given or pledged to the Climatron, leaving a balance of $1.1 million. The following list recognizes donors who have designated gifts of all sizes to this project for use in meeting The Kresge Foundation’s challenge. The reglazing is the first phase of the structure’s complete renovation, anticipated to take 18 months. DESIGNATED SUPPORT FOR THE CLIMATRON RENOVATION PROJECT through August 31, 1988 We thank the following donors who have generously provided support in meeting The Kresge Foundation’s challenge grant to the Climatron restoration project: Dr. and Mrs. Morris Abrams Dr. Helen M. Aff-Drum Mr. Lowell Ahart Mr. and Mrs. Alvin A. Ahrens Mr. Walter Alber Dr. and Mrs. Morris Alex Miss Jessica A. Alford Ms. Gladys Watkins Allen Dr. and Mrs. Thomas W. Allen Dr. and Mrs. David H. Alpers Alvey Inc. Ms. Nancy A. Amelung Mr. and Mrs. Anthony P. Anderhub Mrs. Ralph Appel Mr. and Mrs. Richard Archer Mr. Norman W. Armbruster Mr. and Mrs. Russell Ashton Mrs. Newell A. Augur Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Augustine Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Babington II] Mr. Harold W. Bachman Mr. and Mrs. Donald Bacon Mr. and Mrs. Jacques U. Baenziger Mrs. Helen K. Baer Mr. and Mrs. Louis C. Bailey Mrs. Hugh Baird Mrs. Kenneth C. Baker Mrs. Newell A. Baker Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell Mr. and Mrs. Preston Bank Mrs. Agnes Bardot Mrs. Virginia Barnes Mr. Joe N. Barnhill Miss Caroline J. Barrere Mr. and Mrs. M. W. Bartels Jr. Ms. Pauline Bauche Mr. Brian Bauer Ms. Joan Bauman Mrs. Florence N. Baur Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Beal Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Beaver Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Howard J. Beck Miss Ann M. Becker Mr. and Mrs. Frank V. Becklean Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Roland C. Behrens Mr. Henry Belz III Mr. and Mrs. Scott Benson Dr. Ralph Berg Dr. and Mrs. Harry |. Berland Mr. and Mrs. Brooks Bernhardt Ms. Catherine J. Berra Mr. and Mrs. Ralph J. Bettlach Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Bierman Mrs. Emil O. Birkner Mr. George Bishop Mrs. Robert C. Bleikamp Miss Marion Bock Miss Evelyn Boedicker continued on page 12 ———— RESEARCH NEWS Latin American Scientists Noyes and Tinker Foundations Support Garden Fellows The Garden has established a program of postgraduate fellowships for Latin American scientists with the support of the Jessie Smith Noyes Foundation and the Tinker Foundation, Inc., both of New York City. The first four postgraduate fel- lows were recently announced. They come from Argentina, Panama, Mexico and Chile and will be at the Garden for periods ranging from one month to one year. Maria Mercedes Arbo de Sarmiento is in St. Louis for six months as a Jessie Smith Noyes Foundation Fellow. She graduated from the Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina, in 1972, and has been a research scientist of the National Research Council of Argen- tina since 1975 and a professor of plant morphology at the University since 1983. Her research concentrates on completing Visit the Garden treatments of the family Turneraceae for two important Garden projects: The Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana under the direction of Dr. Julian Steyermark, and the Flora Mesoamericana, under the direction of Dr. Gerrit Davidse. Tania Béliz will be in St. Louis for 12 months starting January 1, 1989, as a Jes- sie Smith Noyes Foundation Fellow. She graduated from the University of Panama in 1979 and received her Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1986. Her research will concentrate on the treatment of Cuscuta for the Flora Mesoamericana under the direction of Dr. Gerritt Davidse. Victor Rico-Gray graduated from the National University of Mexico in 1979, received a Master of Science degree from Tulane University in 1984 and a Ph.D. from the same university in 1987. He is currently a research scientist and a pro- fessor in the Master’s program at the Ins- tituto Nacional de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Bidticos (INIREB), Xalapa, Shown in the Garden's Herbarium, from left to right: Victor Rico-Gray, Maria Mercedes Arbo de Sarmiento, Aurelio Schinini, Gracielza dos Santos, Nelson Zamora, and Moénica Palacios- Rios. Not pictured: Hermes Cuadros, Tania Béliz, and Roberto Rodriguez. Mexico. His research includes ecology of mangroves and ecological interactions. He was awarded the first Tinker Founda- tion Fellowship to carry out herbarium and library work connected with his teaching and research activities in Mex- ico, In consultation with various special- ists at the Garden. Roberto Rodriguez graduated from the University of Concepcién, Chile, in 1970, and received his doctoral degree (Dr. rer. nat.) from Ludwig-Maximilians- Universitat, Munich, Germany, in 1986. He is currently a professor at the Univer- sity of Concepcion. He is a leading expert in the ferns and fern allies of Chile, the Pteridophyta. The University of Concep- clon, In cooperation with the Missouri Botanical Garden and other institutions, has recently initiated a program to pre- pare a new Flora of Chile, and Dr. Rodriguez is working on the treatments of the ferns for the Flora. He was awarded a Tinker Foundation Fellowship that al- lowed him to consult the Garden herbar- ium and library and to consult with the Garden specialist, Dr. Robbin Moran. Other Visiting Fellows The Garden has for many years main- tained an active program of visiting fellow- ships for young Latin American and African scientists and has also provided space and research facilities for scientists supported from other sources. Five Latin Americans are working with us this year for periods ranging from one month to one year. They come from Colombia, Mexico, Costa Rica, Brazil and Argentina. Hermes Cuadros graduated from the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia in 1977 and received a Master of Science degree from the Universidad Nacional, Bogota, Colombia in 1988. He is currently Director of Research at the “Guillermo Pineres” Botanical Garden, Cartagena, Colombia. His research includes the tax- onomy of the palm genus Acrocomia. In St. Louis during the month of October he carried out Herbarium and library re- search on the Flora de Bolivar (Colombia) in consultation with various specialists at the Garden. 4. ee Monica Palacios-Rios graduated with a Bachelor’s degree from the Univer- sidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico, in 1982 and is currently finishing her Master’s degree at the Instituto Na- cional de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Bidticos, Xalapa, Mexico. She is a special- ist in the taxonomy of tropical ferns and is working on an annotated check list of the ferns of the State of Veracruz. She was in St. Louis for one month this fall as a guest of the Garden. Her research concentrated on treatments of the fern genera Spherop- teris and Oleandra and of the Psilotaceae for the Flora Mesoamericana project, in consultation with Dr. Robbin Moran. Nelson Zamora graduated with a de- gree in forestry engineering from the Uni- versidad Nacional de Costa Rica in 1984. He currently teaches courses in dendrol- ogy and assists in forest ecology at the university's School of Environmental Sci- ences. He was supported here on travel funds from the Costa Rica Manual Flora project financed by the National Science Foundation. In St. Louis from September 1 to October 15, he prepared treatments of several woody legume genera in addi- tion to the Capparaceae, Humiriaceae and Vochysiaceae for the Manual. Gracielza Machado dos Santos graduated from the Faculdade de Ciéncias Agrarias, Para, Brazil in 1987. She has been a research scientist at the Museu Paraense “Emilio Goeldi,” Belém, Brazil, since January of 1988. Her field of re- search is the anatomy of woody tropical plants. She has been awarded a one-year training fellowship by Partners of the Americas and the U.S. Agency for Inter- national Development (USAID), and is doing graduate work at the University of Missouri-St. Louis while carrying out re- search at the Garden. Aurelio Schinini is a native of Paraguay. He has been a research assis- tant of the National Research Council of Argentina since 1975. An active field botanist, he has gathered over 26,000 col- lection numbers during frequent expedi- tions in northern Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil, and is one of the most knowledge- able plant taxonomists of the flora of that region of South America. His six-month visit to St. Louis will allow him to com- plete an illustrated book on the trees of Asuncion, Paraguay, as well as the treat- ment of the Bromeliaceae for the Flora of Paraguay and the annotated check list of the flora of the Northwest Chaco region. He is supported during his stay at the Garden by the Wildcat Farm Fund. Shown at the ceremony to sign the agreement for the project are (seated): Dr. Peter H. Raven and Prof. Wu Zheng-yi; (standing, left to right): Dr. William Tai, Dr. David E. Boufford, Prof. Chen Xin-qi, Prof. Huang Cheng-jiu, Prof. Chen Shou-liang, and Dr. Bruce Bartholomew. FLORA OF CHINA IS LANDMARK PROJECT October 2—7, 1988, the Garden hosted the first joint meeting of the editorial com- mittee for the Conspectus Florae Sinicae Project, a cooperative effort with the Peo- ple’s Republic of China. The Garden will serve as the U. S. activity center for the project, which will involve collaboration between many U. S. and Chinese bota- nists to produce the first modern synthe- sis of information on the plants of China. This bi-national effort is a landmark in Sino-American scientific exchange. The editorial committee is headed by co-chairmen: Dr. Peter H. Raven, direc- tor of the Garden, and Prof. Wu Zheng-yi, honorary director of Kunming Institute of Botany, and includes six Chinese bota- nists. Dr. William Tai, formerly professor of cytogenetics at the University of Mani- toba, has been hired by the Garden to coordinate the project. Conspectus Florae Sinicae (CFS) will be a condensed revision and translation into English of the Flora Reipublicae Populans Sinicae (FRPS), a comprehen- sive description of the 28,000 species that occur in China. The information from CFS will be entered into the Garden’s com- puter database. Twelve to fifteen pub- lished volumes are planned for CFS, which is expected to be completed in about twelve years. Collaboration between CFS and the Garden’s Flora of North America project is particularly exciting. The two projects will share computer facilities and pro- grams, allowing detailed study of the rela- tionships of the two floras as well as analysis of the Chinese flora itself. Infor- mation on the plants of China 1s essential for study of the origins of our own North American flora, and collaboration be- tween the two projects will make such study possible. Edgar Denison Award to Missouri Students The Garden recently announced the first recipients of the Edgar Denison Award. Mr. Denison is one of Missouri’s most knowledgeable and enthusiastic botanists and conservationists and his spring wildflower walks at the Arboretum are a perennial favorite. He is the author of the popular guide, Missouri Wild- flowers. Friends donated funds for the award in his honor. The award provides funds to students for botanical field work in Missouri. The first three recipients are Young June Chang, a graduate student at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, who is studying the flora of the Osage Prairie in Vernon County; Yuki Gleason, an un- dergraduate at Northeast Missouri State University, who is studying the plants of Sullivan County; and Charlotte Zampini, a graduate student at Washington Univer- sity, who 1s studying Missouri's native Jerusalem artichoke, Helianthus tuberosus. ee a aA Meike EERO GRADUATE EDUCATION AT THE GARDEN A Collaborative Effort J. Michael Fay observes lowland gorillas in the Central African Republic, studying how they live and especially what plants they eat. He ships crates of his specimens back to the Garden so they can be identified and added to our collec- tions of the poorly known flora of that re- gion. This may sound like a staff research project, but in fact Mike is a graduate stu- dent from Washington University, pur- suing his studies under the auspices of the Garden. He is one of 17 students from Washington University, St. Louis Univer- sity, University of Missouri-St. Louis, and Southern Illinois University at Edwards- ville now at the Garden, and he follows a distinguished line of more than 310 botanists who have received degrees for work done at the Garden. This productive relationship between the Garden and the universities of St. Louis began in 1885, when the Gar- den’s founder, Henry Shaw, agreed to es- tablish a school of botany at Washington University. Shaw stipulated that the direc- tor of the Garden be named the George Engelmann Professor of Botany at the university, and the post is currently held by Dr. Raven. Shaw’s decision reflected the importance that he attached to re- search and education, an attitude that all subsequent directors have shared. The first graduate of the Henry Shaw School of Botany, A. Isabel Mulford, received her doctorate in 1895. In the course of the next 90-odd years, some 290 master’s and doctoral degrees have been granted by Washington University to students in botany at the Garden. The Shaw School of Botany eventually merged into the present Department of Biology, and other disciplines have grown to prominence in the Department and in biology generally, but the close association remains, in which the University and the Garden share responsibility for the education and support of students in plant systematics and evolution. Association with the other three universities has developed mostly in the past 20 years, especially with the estab- lishment in the late 1960s of a consortium agreement among the five institutions to coordinate their efforts in graduate educa- tion in botany. Course offerings now are coordinated, and students from each university may take courses at the others as needed. Eleven Garden botanists cur- rently serve as adjunct professors at one or more of the universities, and seven professors at the universities serve as re- search associates at the Garden. These Garden botanists advise students and di- rect dissertation research, serve on com- mittees, and teach courses. Students at the Garden are able to take full advantage of the Garden’s world- class herbarium, magnificent library, and excellent laboratory and greenhouse facil- ities in their research. In addition, most students are able to pursue fieldwork within the extensive network of foreign institutions and botanists with which the Garden cooperates. Students now at the Garden have projects in much of South and Central America, west and central Africa, Madagascar, and North America. Other recent students have worked in east Asia and New Caldeonia. Some students use the Garden’s re- sources as a base for ecological or other types of studies, like Fay’s work with gorilla feeding behavior, or a project by Donald Faber-Langendoen of St. Louis University on natural regeneration after clearcutting in tropical wet forests in the Choco region of Colombia. These stu- dents work with ecologists, anthropolo- gists, mathematicians and other biologists at the universities as part of their projects. Other students are combining tradi- tional systematic studies of plants with new techniques that utilize the most mod- ern approaches from molecular biology. For example, while pursuing field and her- barium studies of pines in Mexico through Garden facilities, Jennifer Matos is studying the molecular genetics and evo- lution of the plants in the laboratory of Dr. Barbara Schaal at Washington University, using facilities not available at the Garden. Many students also use the scanning electron microscope facilities at the universities to study the fine structure of plants (see page seven). This sharing of resources among the universities and the Garden allows more efficient use of the in- creasingly expensive equipment needed in modern biology, and allows the Garden to concentrate its limited resources on the field-and collection-oriented research in which it excels. The Garden has always included for- eign students in its programs, but the ac- celerating disappearance of tropical forests and the critical need for well- trained indigenous botanists in tropical countries has given urgency to efforts to train more such students. The announce- ment in June 1988 of a new doctoral pro- gram in biology at the University of Missouri-St. Louis with emphasis in plant systematics and environmental biology, and a campaign to recruit students from tropical countries into the program, are exciting new developments in this effort. The increasing costs of graduate edu- cation, stipend support, and research present new challenges to the Garden’s program, although generous support has come from alumni of Washington Univer- sity and friends of the Garden (including the Susie T. Bovard Trust, Mr. and Mrs. Emmet J. Layton, the family of the late Elizabeth A. Baltzer, Ms. Beatrice Stege- man, and the Littmann Scholarship Fund established by the Harry and Flora D. Freund Memorial Foundation). Many re- cent students have successfully sought research funding from the National Sci- ence Foundation, and from private organi- zations like the Garden Club of America/ World Wildlife Fund, the Roger Tory Peterson Foundation, and the Sigma Xi Society. However, growing costs limit the number of students who can be admitted, especially from tropical countries. Despite the challenges and expense, the graduate program at the Garden re- mains an integral part of its scientific re- search program, just as Henry Shaw envisioned it when he established his school more than 100 years ago. Although the graduate program is virtually un- known to the general public, it is one of the most highly regarded programs in the study of systematic botany in the world. —Peter Hoch, Ph.D. Peter Hoch 1s an associate curator at the Garden, and coordinator of the gradu- ate program. 6. eee Electron Microscope Aids Garden Researchers One of the most photogenic types of research carried out by Garden graduate students and staff involves the scanning elec- tron microscope, which opens the microsopic window on the ti- niest plant parts. Differing from conventional microscopes by using beams of electrons rather than light, electron microscopes achieve enormous magnifications and sharp clarity. Transmis- sion electron microscopes show images of thin sections traversed by the beam, and scanning electron microscopes show surface views, often of whole objects. All of the pictures on this page were photographed on the scanning electron microscope. The Garden uses the scope at Washington University. The im- ages, which appear on a screen much like a television screen, are informative, fascinating, and sometimes beautiful. — George Rogers, Ph.D. The greatest contribution of the scanning electron microscope to plant classification has been revealing the fine structures of pollen grains. The cavities covering the surface of this grain, when fresh, contained proteins involved in recognition between the grain and the stigma where it is deposited. (The stigma is the part of a flower recep- tive to pollen as the first step in the sexual cycle. It is disadvanta- geous for the stigma to be receptive to pollen of the wrong species.) The furrows are potential sites of emergence for the “pollen tube,” which delivers a sperm to the egg. (Magnified 1,400 times.) The branched, antlerlike structures and the “peanut” at the upper left are “hairs” on a leaf. Although they probably minimize drying or discourage nibbling, their exact functions are not certain. (Magnified 300 times.) _.* : ; a) Sy, » We? es | : ? a 4 ~t >) ‘ These unfriendly star-shaped “hairs” turned up on another leaf. (Magnified 200 times.) a ‘ ; ." + ome oil Somewhat like humans, plants have veins. Within such a vein, this is the view looking outward from the inside of a pipe-shaped, vertical, water-conducting cell. The tilted openings are known as pits and al- low lateral passage of water from cell to cell. (Magnified 5,000 times.) Lg rr ite vee: oe 4fi 14 as ane e, 90, CL While this may look like a close-up of one of Jupiter’s moons, it is a seed. Patterns on seed surfaces are variable and can help in classifying plants. (Magnified 200 times.) 7. oR H:O: GARDENING M:E MAINTAINING YOUR EQUIPMENT As you store your equipment for the winter, make sure it will be ready to use next spring. Ideally, garden tools should be cleaned each time they are used, as soil is far easier to remove when it is moist and fresh. A wooden paint stirring stick is ideal for scraping dirt off tools. Scrape off the soil, wipe the tool with a clean rag, then apply a protective coat of light oil. Ordinary floor wax or grease also are serviceable coatings for the blades of Shovels and hoes. If you are faced with hard, caked-on soil, wash it off with a damp cloth or a kerosene-soaked rag. Use steel wool to remove any rust, and oil the tool as described above. In addition to your digging tools, remember to clean and oil the blades of lawn mowers, shears, tillers and loppers. Make sure all of your gardening tools are sharp before putting them away for the year. Spades and hoes can be shar- pened with a file. Other equipment often can be taken apart and sharpened with a grindstone, or you may prefer to use a sharpening service. Saws generally re- quire expert attention. Today, many pruning shears are manufactured so that they must be thrown away if the blades can no longer be sharpened or if a part breaks. Thrifty gardeners will be pleased to know there are still some shears, however, that offer replaceable parts. These are easy to re- pair, for a fraction of the cost a new pair. (Felco pruners, which are available at the Garden Gate Shop, have replaceable parts.) Pull out the manufacturers’ instruc- tions on lawn mowers and any other power equipment you own, and do recom- mended maintenance now. Before doing any work on motorized equipment, be sure to follow all of the manufacturers’ recommended safety precautions to be sure the engine doesn’t start unex- pectedly. All motorized garden equipment will benefit from a thorough end-of-season cleaning. Use a clean rag or a stiff brush, and take special care to clean dirt and grease from engine cooling fins or air- intake screens. Make certain that vent holes in fuel tank caps are not clogged. Remove rust with steel wool. Oil and sharpen tiller and mower blades as described above. Gasoline remaining in engines over the winter will turn gummy and make en- gines difficult to start next year. For two- cycle engines, close the fuel line and let the motor run until it stops, then add stabilizer to the gas left in the tank (follow label directions). If you have a four-cycle engine, just add the stabilizer to the gas tank and change the oil. Examine drive belts to see if they are stretched or worn, check battery fluid levels, and replace or clean all filters. It’s also a good idea to grease and lubricate according to manufacturers’ directions. Remove the spark plug, spray the cylin- der with a kerosene-based preservative, and put the plug back in. Test to see that all screws, bolts and nuts are tightened. Cover power equipment with plastic to protect it from dust and dampness. Store tillers so that sharp tines are protected. PLANTING FOR EARLY SPRING COLOR In November there is still time to plant early-blooming bulbs. Crocuses and early daffodils offer a delightful variety oi color that will brighten up your garden several weeks before other spring blooms appear. Plant spring bulbs in a sunny or lightly shaded location. They prefer rich, well- drained soil, and will not do well in wet clay. Add plenty of organic matter and sand or grit to clay soils to improve drain- age before planting. For best results, pre- pare the soil to a depth of about six inches. Plant crocuses and the Cy- clamineus daffodils about four inches deep. Both can be left undisturbed for many years without dividing. Do not cut back the foliage after flowering. It must be allowed to mature and die back naturally if the plants are to store energy for the win- ter and bloom the following year. BULBS COLLECTED IN THE WILD Contrary to what you may think, many spring bulbs are dug by the thousands in the wild and packaged by importers in Holland or in the U.S. for sale around the world. According to experts at the Na- tional Resources Defense Council, this trade is threatening wild populations of many species. Fortunately, most spring bulbs— daffodils, tulips, crocuses and grape hyacinths—are propagated rather than collected. Plants with cultivar names (‘Blue Pearl’ or ‘King Alfred’, for example) and those identified as hybrids generally are not collected. However, many of the so-called “‘little bulbs,’ such as snow- drops, as well as some species bulbs, are destructively removed from the wild. Gardeners who don’t want to contrib- ute to this trade should avoid purchasing the following species if they cannot deter- mine with certainty that the stock was not wild-collected: Chionodoxa sardensis and Chionodoxa luciliae, commonly called glory-of-the snow; Evanthus hyemalis and E. cilicia, both called winter aconite; Galanthus elwesit, or snowdrop; Leuco- jum aestivum, or snowflake; the squills Scilla siberica and S. tubergeniana; and Narcissus triandrus var. albus and N. tazetta. SEASONAL REMINDERS Winter Drought Although the long, hot, dry summer is over, drought- damaged plants still need help recovering from this record-breaking summer. Water all landscape plants deeply before the ground freezes. A watering lance attached to a hose and stuck into the ground at in- tervals throughout the root zone will re- duce runoff and ensure that moisture penetrates dry, compacted soil. Be cer- tain to water the entire area beneath trees. A light application of a slow-release fertilizer, such as well-rotted manure, will encourage root growth, improving the drought tolerance of trees and shrubs. Quick-release fertilizer would burn roots already damaged by drought. Weakened trees and shrubs are espe- cially susceptible to invasion by insects and diseases, so take preventive meas- ures to eliminate future problems. Prune away any dead or dying branches. Ready, Set, Go Late fall is an ex- cellent time to till and replenish vegetable garden beds to prepare for spring planting of cold-loving vegetables such as peas, lettuce, and spinach. Till compost or peat into the beds; add sand if your soil tends to be sticky and wet in the spring. Getting the beds ready now means you can plant seeds first thing in spring. —Barbara Ellis 8. coe Gardening The plants exhibited at the Missouri Botanical Garden provide a delightful and informative display. Beyond this, they serve as horticultural tests, educational subjects, sources of materials for re- search or horticultural projects, and backups for dwindling wild populations. Each of these functions benefits from replenishing the living collection starting with well-documented seeds or cuttings taken from the wild. Explaining the desirability of such sources involves clarifying two points. First, cultivated plants are often the re- sults of artificial selection or complex breeding programs. They generally have vague histories; some are hybrids of un- clear parentage and/or have genetic com- plements highly modified from their wild ancestors. Many are sterile or yield un- predictable, varied offspring from seed. For these reasons, cultivated plants are frequently unsuitable for studying natural processes or for horticultural projects where the starting material must be well known or genetically natural. The second point is that plant species are variable in such obvious features as overall shape or flower color and in more cryptic attributes: potential growth rates, hardiness, chromosome numbers, soil preferences, drought tolerance, or breeding patterns. The variations are of- Roy Cummings (left) and David Wright transplanting young Missouri native trees. ten related to the place where a plant grows, so that knowing the wild source of a specimen tells much more about it than merely knowing the species. And if the source is known, it is possible to revisit the site to look further into a feature of special interest or to gather new seeds. As an example of natural variation within a species influencing its perform- ance in cultivation, consider one of the world’s prize lumber species, the Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesi) of western North America. (See this species at the very southern end of the Rhododendron Garden.) On European tree farms it turned out that Douglas fir seeds from wild sources sometimes yielded vigorous plantings while others matured disappoin- tingly, depending on the seed collection place and on the place of subsequent cul- tivation. In 1985 plant propagator David Wright and I began to bring Missouri natives, mostly trees, from wild sources into culti- vation at the Garden. Each autumn I look into the whereabouts of the target spe- cies, obtain permissions needed to collect fruits or seeds, and do so. When seeds are taken, a leafy sprig is pressed and dried into an herbarium specimen, which is useful for reconsideration of the iden- tity of the parental tree if necessary, and it serves aS a permanent record of the col- Pimicemerinecm Je Newest Trees at the Garden lection readily located when today’s acorn has grown into a mighty oak. Additionally, a computer entry is made, and the young plants are tagged with individual record numbers. David Wright takes over when the seeds arrive. To promote germination, sometimes he etches the seeds with acid or subjects them to an artificial winter in the refrigerator or an artificial summer on heated mats, or a real season outside. With the help of his capable volunteers, Roy Cummings and Betsy Martin, the volumes of seeds (almost 1,000 in 1987) are sown and pampered until germination. When they sprout, David and his col- leagues must take into consideration the natural soil types and other preferences of each species. The growing saplings are moved up through a series of pots to ac- commodate elongating roots. The plants spend their first few years in coldframes until they are big and strong enough to transplant. In the program, we have about 50 spe- cies of Missouri trees and shrubs gaining strength behind the scenes. Among them are represented almost all of the 20 Mis- souri oak species, all eight of our native hickories (including pecans), three out of four Missouri ashes, three viburnums, and many others. Treelets from the 1985 and 1986 seed collections are beginning to appear around the Garden. One of the first to debut, near the center of the Woodland Garden, was the chinquapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergit), fittingly, a species discovered near St. Louis by George Engelmann, the Garden’s first botanist. Watch for several additional young oaks about five feet tall scattered on the grounds. The first seeds acquired in 1988 repre- sent the same species as a grand old tree dating back to the time of the Garden's earliest days. Against the east wall near the Flora Gate Missouri's largest yellow- wood leans on crutches, threatening not to be around for the next generation of Garden visitors. Yet last month, with the generous help of Wanda Doolen, a naturalist at Sam A. Baker State Park, the replacement grand old yellowwood came to the Garden, wild-collected and still in the pod. —George Rogers, Ph.D. Ask the Answer Service Moving Plants Indoors Do you have a plant question? Call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to noon, at 577-5143. Q. I made a terrarium in a large bottle. When I lift the lid, there is a foul, musty odor that I would like to eliminate. Do you have any sug- gestions? A. Make sure you're not keeping your terrarium too wet. The trick is to keep the soil just barely moist and let the plants receive their water from the humid air in- side the bottle. If you leave the lid on overnight and find the glass fogged in the morning, there is too much moisture in- side. Vent the garden for a longer time to allow the excess humidity to escape. When the soil starts to feel dry, spray lightly, rather than soaking the soil. To minimize mustiness, when constructing your terrarium, it is a good idea to add a one-half-inch layer of horticultural grade charcoal between the potting soil and the drainage material at the bottom, and to mix a small amount of charcoal into the potting soil. Q. Last Christmas I received a yellow-flowering hibiscus as a gift. This past summer I placed it out- doors and the blossoms were a peach color. Now this winter they have turned yellow again. What’s going on? A. Several factors may cause flowers to change color. Sunlight, temperature, and soil mineral content all can affect color. In the case of your hibiscus, I sus- pect the intensity of light outdoors caused the change. This can be seen in the foliage of coleus. Make cuttings from the same stock plant and grow some in shade and some in full sun. The leaf colors of the plants in sunlight will be intensified, but the colors in the shade plants will be faded or merely green. Q. I’m growing an Agave in my sunroom. I’ve had it for seven years, and this past summer it sent up a tall flower stalk and blossomed. I let the stalk remain to see if seeds would develop. Instead, several lit- tle plants have formed on top of the stalk. ’ve looked everywhere in my garden books and none mentions this phenomenon, much less what to do with these plants. Can you help? A. Agaves occasionally produce small bulblike structures called bulbils, in place of seeds. In fact, one rare species, Agave murpheyi, does not produce seeds at all, but reproduces entirely by bulbils. To propagate, remove the bulbil, pot it in a mixture of one part potting soil to two parts sand, and give it a little water. It should root rapidly and thereafter can be given the same care as your other Agave. Q. My sister in California has a Chinese jujube tree. She says she thinks it will grow in St. Louis, and wants to give me a start. Willit grow here? What’s the best way to propagate it? A. Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) can grow in St. Louis. A specimen is flourishing just south of Spoehrer Plaza here at the Gar- den and one reached considerable size in downtown St. Louis (described in the Bulletin, December 1963). Ask me this question again after a severe winter! For now, your jujube can be propagated by root cuttings taken in spring or fall. Make your cuttings about three inches long and insert them upright in a medium of half peat moss and half sharp sand. Transplant to a protected, well-drained, somewhat alkaline site. Q. My house plants thrive out- doors all summer, but most barely survive the winter indoors. Do you have any suggestions? A. During shorter winter days, try to give your plants as much sun as possible. Loss of lower leaves and long spindly new growth are signs that your plants are receiving insufficient light. Keep your plants out of cold drafts, however; it may be necessary to move them away from windows on cold nights to prevent chilling. They should not be situated close to heat ducts, radiators or other sources of hot, dry air. Go easy on fertilizing. Most plants AED LR EN RA ER AEN RL LRT EL MONIC ME EEE SLR LLG SL SOREN ETI I won't need to be fed again until vigorous growth resumes in spring. Rather than putting your house plants on a regular watering schedule during the winter, wa- ter only as needed, after the soils have begun to dry somewhat. Above all else, don't let your plants stand in saucers of water. More plants are killed by drowning this way than from lack of water. Q. We'd like to have a living Christmas tree this year and plant it outside after the holiday. What’s the best way to handle this? A. Dig your planting hole before the ground freezes, and keep the hole un- frozen by filling it with leaves or straw. Don't forget to mulch the pile of soil you excavated, also. Cover the hole with some plywood for safety, then stretch a tarp or plastic over the plywood and the backfill. Store your tree outdoors in a protected site and don't let the root ball dry out. Plan on having your tree indoors for no more than a week. Apply an antitranspir- ant to keep the needles from drying out inside. After planting outdoors, be sure you give the tree a good soaking and mulch it well. TIMELY TIPS e Azaleas and rhododendrons planted this year should receive extra care. Make sure they are thoroughly watered before the ground freezes. Place a windscreen (burlap works best) on the west and north sides of each plant to shield them from drying winds. ¢ Protect ornamental flower pots from winter damage outdoors. They should be emptied of soil, cleaned and stored inverted under shelter. Binding evergreens with twine will pre- vent limbs from bending and snapping during winter ice storms. e Place tree wraps or hardware cloth bar- riers around fruit trees to prevent dam- age from hungry rabbits and mice this winter. ¢ Consider recycled Christmas tree boughs for mulching mums, ferns, dian- thus, and low azaleas. Mulch perennials after the ground freezes. After frost kills their leaves, mulch roses to a depth of 8 to 12 inches. Prune long canes back to 18 inches at that time. e Continue mowing lawns until growth stops. —Chip Tynan, The Answer Service 10. THE GARDEN AND TOWER GROVE PARK/by John Karel A Common Heritage Visitors to the Garden are aware that there is a large wooded park across Magnolia Street to the south. Those who have seen Father William Faherty’s recent book, Henry Shaw: His Life and Legacies, are also aware that this 280-acre park has a close historical link with the Gar- den. Both tracts of land were once part of Shaw’s rural estate, Tower Grove. But beyond those basic facts, Tower Grove Park is an enormously interesting place. The park’s historical con- nection with the Garden helps to reveal the purpose of their common founder, Henry Shaw. The park is a key presence in the Garden’s local environment, defining the character of its southern boundary. And Tower Grove Park is a wonderful and delightful place that rewards the visitor with beauty, historical interest and charm. When Henry Shaw turned his energies toward bene- fitting his community, he saw the Garden complemented by an adjacent large public park. The two institutions seem to have been interconnected in Shaw’s mind from very early on. Both were carved from his land holdings, and both benefitted during Shaw’s lifetime from his vigorous per- sonal investment of time and resources. The park was donated to the City of St. Louis following the Civil War, in 1868. The land was located mostly beyond the city limits at that time, and an act of the Missouri Legislature was required to authorize the city to accept it. This law stipulated, in accordance with Shaw’s wishes, that the park would be owned by the city, but administered by an independent Board of Commissioners, and so it is to this day. The law also stipulated that one of the commissioners must be the donor Henry Shaw, or his successor as director of the Gar- den. Thus, today Dr. Raven is by law one of the Commissioners in charge of Tower Grove Park. The park is a masterpiece of Victorian design. It reflects the nineteenth century school of landscape design known as “gardenesque,’ with an emphasis on specimen trees and small groves, as opposed to sweeping vistas or rigidly formal patterns. Arranged throughout this landscape are a wonderful variety of embellishments including ornate summer houses, a bandstand, statuary, mock ruins, fountains and lily ponds. The first superin- tendent of the park was also the first head gardener at the Gar- den, James Gurney, Sr. Mr. Gurney was a skilled horticulturist and his work with tropical water lilies, especially the famous Vic- tona regia, brought acclaim to both the Garden and the park. The summer display of tropical water lilies remains one of Tower Grove Park’s most colorful attractions. So much of the original Victorian character of Tower Grove Park remains intact that the entire park has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Serv- ice. The park is perhaps the best preserved Victorian park land- scape left in the United States. In recent decades the park has suffered from a lack of funds and a declining image. If this were allowed to continue, the loss to our St. Louis heritage would be enormous. Accordingly, the Board of Commissioners has resolved to restore Tower Grove Park to its full glory as a splendid oasis of beauty and spiritual The Music Stand in Tower Grove Park, c. 1900 refreshment for the neighborhood and the community. The endeavor began a year ago, and this spring park visitors delighted in a revival of romance and tradition with the return of horse drawn carriage rides. Another recent improvement was the renovation of the park’s grass tennis courts, the only such Victorian amenities in the central United States. But much more remains to be done, especially repairs to aging park buildings and facilities. A revitalized Tower Grove Park will enhance the neighbor- hood of the Garden, and will be a superb ornament for our regional community. Be on the alert to hear more about how you can participate in this exciting project in the months ahead. For additional information, including special tours, call 771-2679 or write Tower Grove Park, 4255 Arsenal Street, St. Louis, Missouri 63116. John Karel was appointed director of Tower Grove Park effec- tive October, 1987. Before his apppointment he worked as an en- vironmental consultant, and from 1979 to 1985 he served as director of the division of parks and historic preservation for the state of Missount. Volunteer Needed The Garden library needs a volunteer to arrange, describe, and preserve the Tower Grove Park archives. Revitalization of the park depends on a solid background of accurate historical in- formation, and one of the initial goals for the park is to have the park records put in order. These records are housed in the Gar- den’s archives. They include nineteenth century photographs and glass plate negatives, Henry Shaw’s letters concerning the park, reports, minutes, and various other materials. If you have a college degree, an interest in local history, type 40 words per minute, and are willing to learn to use a word processor, call Jeanne McGilligan at 577-5187. The project re- quires a minimum of 15 hours per week for 15 weeks. i. DESIGNATED SUPPORT FOR THE CLIMATRON RENOVATION PROJECT continued from page 3 Mr. and Mrs. E. Ted Boll Miss Marjorie J. Borgmann Mrs. Kathryn Boullion Mr. and Mrs. Ingram S. Boyd Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Ted Brady Mr. and Mrs. Vance P. Braxton Jr. Mrs. Blayne M. Brewer Mrs. Walter F. Brissenden Mr. and Mrs. David Brown Mr. and Mrs. George W. Brown Rev. and Mrs. Harsh J. Brown Betsey Bruce Mr. and Mrs. Roger Brueckman Miss Leliaetta Bruns Mr. Robert M. Buckner Mrs. Gustavus A. Buder Jr. Mr. Gustavus A. Buder III Miss Ruth E. Buerke Mr. and Mrs. Harry Buescher Miss Virginia E. Burmeister Mr. and Mrs. Richard L. Bushman Ms. Loretta Calcaterra Mr. Hugh D, Callahan Mr. Jules D. Campbell Mr. and Mrs. James M. Canavan Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Landers Carnal Miss Adelaide Cherbonnier Mrs. Fielding T. Childress Mrs. C. Calvin Christy Mr. Edwin J. Cisar Mr. Wesley H. Clark Mr. and Mrs. Michael L. Clement Ms. Jane C. Coffey Mr. Ken Cohen Mr. Sidney S. Cohen Mr. John J. Cole Mr. and Mrs. Jesse F. Colvin Mr. and Mrs. William P. Conant Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Tom J. Connelly Mrs. Virginia K. Conroy Contico International Inc. Fr. Robert L. Corbett Mr. and Mrs. Gary Corbin Mrs. James A. Corrigan Dr. David J. Costigan Mrs. Dwight W. Coultas Dr. William S. Coxe Mrs. Florence C. Crancer Mr. and Mrs. P. Terence Crebs Dr. Marshall Crosby Mrs. Paul W. Crow Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. Cummins Ms. Marie D. Cusanelli Mr. and Mrs. David E. Dale Mr. and Mrs. Alphonse F. Dames Jr. Dr. and Mrs. William H. Daughaday Dr. and Mrs. Morris Davidson Drs. E. and F. Davis Mrs. Jane Dean Mr. and Mrs. Richard F. Decker Dr. and Mrs. Tony M. Deeths Mr. John A. DeMonte Mr. David Desertspring and Ms. Sherrie Spangler Mr. and Mrs. William L. Desloge Mrs. Bertha Deutsch Mr. and Mrs. Carl J. Deutsch Ms. Shirley Dirhold Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Dolson Mr. and Mrs. Earl M. Donahue Mrs. Thomas A. Dooley Mr. and Mrs. Duncan Dorris Mrs. Veronica S. Dougherty Mrs. Judith A. Doyle Mr. Richard F. Doyle Dr. and Mrs. Robert C. Drews Mrs. Leonard Duerbeck Irene L. Dulin Mrs. Henry P. Duncker Mr. and Mrs. Billy C. Dunehew Mr. and Mrs. Alfred V. Dunkin Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Dunlop Mrs. Dee W. Eades Mr. and Mrs. Stephen B. Earhart Mr. and Mrs. Dana Edwards Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Eigner Mr. and Mrs. Robert Eisner Dr. and Mrs. Donald H. Eldredge Miss Barbara C, Elftman Mr. and Mrs. Robert Elgin Miss Helene J. Elkins Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Emnett Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Endres Prof. and Mrs. Joseph Ewan Mrs. Adah W. Fantilli Mr. Thomas C. Farnam Mr. Alan R. Farris Miss Mary Lou Farrow Mrs. J. Maver Feehan Mrs. Lorraine C. Feiner Dr. and Mrs. Robert Feinstein Mrs. Melvin Feist Mr. Kenneth L. Feldhaus Miss Clara R. Fieselmann Dr. and Mrs. Murray E. Finn Mrs. Helen E. Fitzroy Mr. and Mrs. Walt Floyd Mr. and Mrs. William Floyd Miss Susan Fluegel Mrs. Roger M. Folk Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Forbes Ford Motor Co. Mr. and Mrs. Lee T. Ford Mrs. Robert Frane Mr. and Mrs. Holger Frederickson Morris Fredlich Mrs. Edward Fredrickson Miss Dorothy M. Friday Ms. Phyllis Friedman Mr. and Mrs. Charles R. Fritschle Mr. and Mrs. David W. Fullgraf Lou Fusz Motor Co. Miss Rosalie Fusz Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Gaddy Mr. William E. Gallagher Mr. and Mrs. D. Goodrich Gamble Mr. Hollis L. Garren Edward Chase Garvey Memorial Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Gass Mr. Lloyd Gaus Miss Gladys M. Gerdel Mr. Frank Gerstenberg Ms. Sandra Gibson Mrs. Kenneth D. Gieck Mr. and Mrs. Glenn L. Gifford Dr. and Mrs. Samuel L. Gilberg Dr. and Mrs. Louis Gilula Mr. and Mrs. Webster Glasscock Mr. and Mrs. Warren Glickert Mr. and Mrs. James F. Godat Ms. Dorothy E. Goebelt Mr. Martin M. Goldman John R. Goodall Trust Ms. Dorothy J. Gorsuch Dr. and Mrs. Robert J. Greaves Allen P. and Josephine B. Green Foundation Ms. Elizabeth L. Green Mrs. John R. Greene Mrs. Mary E. Greiner Mrs. Merle L. Griffin Mrs. R. M. Griffin Mr. and Mrs. Martin Grommet Mrs. David N. Grosberg Ms. Carol Gruen Miss Iris Guenther Mr. Douglas Guirl Mr. and Mrs. Joseph]. Gummersbach Mr. Paul A. Gusdorf Mr. and Mrs. William E. Guy Mr. and Mrs. Willis D. Hadley Mrs. Gertrude H. Hagemeier Hager Hinge Co. Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer Mr. and Mrs. Norman W. Halls Mr. and Mrs. G. William Hamilton Mr. Warren Handel Mr. Clarke T. Harding Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis T. Hardy Mr. and Mrs. O. W. Harkrider Ms. Marilyn L. Harrington Mr. and Mrs. Gary Hartman Mr. George K. Hasegawa Ms. Helen Havird Mr. and Mrs. Richard S. Hawes III Miss Eula M. Hawn Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Heagney Miss JoAnn Hediger Mr. and Mrs. Karl J. Heilman Mr. and Mrs. Jordan Heiman Mr. and Mrs. John C. Heisler Mr. and Mrs. Elmer H. Held Sr. Mr. and Mrs. William R. Heldmann Mr. and Mrs. Max Hellman Mrs. Irma R. Henderson Mr. and Mrs. Wayne Henderson Mr. James E. Hendry Ms. Dolores Henson Dr. and Mrs. Falls B. Hershey Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Hetzler Mr. and Mrs. J. York Hewitt Mr. and Mrs. Donald Hicks Bernice M. Hilgendorf Miss Margaret Hilliker Mrs. Sally W. Hirschi Mr. and Mrs. Albert J. Hitt Mrs. John Hochreiter Ms. Eileen M. Hoehn Mr. Milton W. Hoeper Mrs. Harry L. Hofmeister Miss Lilian Hohman AY LE ET ESS ML TEES BEE ARTE AE ETON A OCD Mr. Richard W. Hokamp Mrs. Jerome K. Holloway Mrs. Earl P. Holt Mr. and Mrs. Tom Holzberlein Dr. and Mrs. Simon Horenstein Mr. Robert Howard Mrs. H. C. Howes Mr. and Mrs. Earl H. Hoyt Jr. Mrs. Howard Hubbell Miss Ann Hubel Mr. and Mrs. David R. Human Mr. Henry J. Hummert Hunter Engineering Co. Ms. Elizabeth Hunter Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Illston International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Mr. and Mrs. John Isaacs III Ms. Louise C. Ittner Mr. and Mrs. Ben F. Jackson Mrs. Bernetta Jackson Ms. Elizabeth Ann Jackson Mrs. Emily Jackson-Machelski Mrs. Jane A. Jacobs Mr. and Mrs. T. Frank James Jr. Mrs. Gene Jantzen Ms. Kathryn L. Jepsen Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Johnson Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Jones Mrs. Gretchen P. Jones Ms. Hilda P. Jones Mr. and Mrs. Landon Y. Jones Miss Colleen Kalinoski Mrs. W. A. Kamp Dr. and Mrs. Michael M. Karl Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Kassabaum Mrs. Jean Kautzman The Kellwood Company Mr. Charles H. Kemper Rev. Msgr. Andrew A. Kennedy Ms. Marcella M. Kennedy Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Kirkpatrick Mr. and Mrs. George Kloster Mr. Carl H. Klug Mrs. Hazel L. Knapp Miss Erna Knoernschild Ms. Marion M. Koch Ms. Mary B. Koch Mr. and Mrs. James Koenig Mr. Robert W. Kohlsdorf Ms. Linda M. Kohne Mrs. Wallace Kolbrener Mr. Howard Kopadt Dr. Stuart A. Kornfeld Dr. and Mrs. Nicholas Kouchoukos Mr. and Mrs. Willfred Kracke Mr. and Mrs. Gerhardt Kramer Ms. Hildegarde Kramer Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mr. and Mrs. Henry Krieger Jr. Mrs. Harry W. Kroeger Mrs. Z. Juanita Kroenlein Mrs. Eugene Kubik Miss Vera K. Kuehne Mr. and Mrs. Jack Kuhl Mr. and Mrs. Edward B. Kuhlmann Mrs. Sally Kushins Mr. and Mrs. Milton Kushkin Mr. and Mrs. Berthold L. Lange Jr. Miss Karen Larsen Ar. and Mrs. Thomas F. Latzer yr. Joseph J. Lauber Aiss Mary Laun Ars. Ross R. Lee Ar. and Mrs. Louis W. Lehman Ars. Virginia M. Lehr Ar. and Mrs. Arthur Lieber Jr. Irs. Ada A. Lilienkamp Ar. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg Ir. Ronald G. Lindemann fiss Billie Linder Irs. Ernest D. Loewenwarter Ar. and Mrs. Joseph P. Logan aj. Gen. and Mrs. Donald A. Logeais {r. James F. Longshore Ar. and Mrs. Stanley Lopata {r. and Mrs. Roger E. Lord Jr. 1s. Jean M. Lovati fiss E. Lueking 1s. Kathleen Luepke Yr. and Mrs. Carlyle A. Luer Irs. Rene J. Lusser fr. and Mrs. Walter Lutz {r. James Lyon {r. and Mrs. Lorenzo J. Magill {r. and Mrs. Clem L. Maher fr. Mark Maltagliati Ir. and Mrs. Clarence E. Mange fanufacturers Supplies Co. farsh & McLennan Inc. {r. William W. Martin lary Institute Class of 1993 Is. Jane Mason [r. and Mrs. David Massa Ir. Frank J. Matula Is. Margie Wolcott May ir. and Mrs. Robert A. Mayer Irs. Frank Mayfield Ir. Justin J. McCarthy III Ir. John D. McCutcheon Irs. William A. McDonnell Irs. Harry McKee Irs. Gene McMahon [r. and Mrs. Clifford McNames Ir. and Mrs. Thomas J. McReynolds [r. Tom McReynolds and Ms. E. Rebecca Case r. Willem Meyer Ir. David F. Mendelson r. and Mrs. Lawrence E. Mendonsa Ir. and Mrs. Harold J. Menteer Ir. and Mrs. Marc Menteer Ir. and Mrs. Richard F. Merckel Irs. Kenneth Merten Is. Sally G. Metz [r. and Mrs. Richard A. Meyer [r. and Mrs. Ronald E. Meyer Ir. and Mrs. Bruce Michelson Ir. and Mrs. Charles Miller Ir. and Mrs. Raymond D. Miller Is. Marian M. Mills Ir. and Mrs. I. E. Millstone Is. Dorothy Moore Ir. and Mrs. John W. Moore Is. Laura Moore and Mr. David Herman Irs. H. Leighton Mormill Ir. and Mrs. Vaughan Morrill Jr. [r. and Mrs. H. B. Morris Ms. Virginia Muehl Mrs. Ruth E. Murphy Dr. and Mrs. William A. Murphy Jr. Marjorie Murray Dr. Lillian Nagel Dr. Helen E. Nash Mr. and Mrs. Fred W. Nehring Dr. Charles A. Nester Jr. Ms. Mary L. Neukum Ms. Betty L. Nicol Mr. and Mrs. Louis H. Niebling Ms. Mary M. Niemeyer Miss Emily Novak Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Mrs. Dorothy S. O’Connor Mr. and Mrs. Walter E. O’Leary Prof. and Mrs. Joseph Olson Ms. Kim Olson Mr. and Mrs. N. M. Osborne Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Owen Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Owen Miss Florence Paleardi Mr. and Mrs. George Parker Mr. and Mrs. Ward S. Parker Mr. and Mrs. Thomas S. Parkes Mr. and Mrs. Noble C. Parsonage Mr. David Paul Mr. and Mrs. Donald W. Paule Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Peltier Mrs. J. Michael Pennington Dr. and Mrs. Carlos A. Perez Mr. and Mrs. John W. Perkins Mr. Robert Petchulat Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Peterson Mrs. Charles P. Pettus Mrs. G. P. Plaisance Ms. Janice Plowman Mr. and Mrs. Philip B. Polster Mr. and Mrs. C. Robert Pommer Mr. Edgar C. Porte Mrs. Fred W. Praechter Mr. and Mrs. Ralph E. Pumphrey Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putzel Rev. Maurice J. Quilligan Mrs. Virginia B. Rainer Miss Jacqueline B. Raithel Mr. and Mrs. H. T. Ratcliff Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Henry E. Rathert Mrs. C. W. Rauscher Mr. and Mrs. Paul B. Rava Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert A. Reed Mr. Archer O. Reilly Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William E. Remmert Mr. and Mrs. Elmer D. Renaud Ms. Catherine J. Reres Mr. Carl D. Rhodes Mrs. Ann D. Rice Mr. Thomas W. Rich Mrs. Joseph A. Richardson Miss Joann Rickelmann Ms. Lorraine Rickleman Ms. Irene Riddle Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Rimat Mr. and Mrs. Joe Robb Mr. and Mrs. Bruce G. Robert Mr. and Mrs. Eli Robins Mrs. Seth A. Robins Joseph H. and Florence A. Roblee Foundation Mrs. Joseph G. Roldan Mr. Bert B. Rosen Dr. Herbert E. Rosenbaum Mr. Dale Rosenberg Dr. and Mrs. Donald Ross Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Roth Mr. Michael Roth Mr. and Mrs. Philip R. Roth Mr. and Mrs. Jim Rothbarth Mr. and Mrs. William C. Rowe Mr. and Mrs. Warren E. Rummelhoff Miss Marie Rutlin Dr. Jo-Ellyn M. Ryall Mr. and Mrs. Sterling J. Ryan Dr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Santiago Dr. and Mrs. Julio V. Santiago Mr. David J. Sauer Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Sauer Mr. Stanley Sawyer Ms. Mildred W. Schaefer Ms. Virginia D. Schaefer Mr. and Mrs. John L. Schlaffer Miss Martha Schlapbach Dr. and Mrs. Donald Schreiweis Mrs. F. H. Schroeder Mrs. A. C. Schuchardt Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Schultz Dr. and Mrs. Charles H. Schumacher Dr. and Mrs. Benjamin D. Schwartz Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz Miss Elizabeth Scott Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Scott Jr. Mrs. Ruth E. Scott Mr. Eugene Sebelski Dr. and Mrs. Hyman R. Senturia Mrs. Elizabeth Jones Shands Dr. Richard Sheffer Miss Helen E. Sheppard Ms. Esther M. Shoults Mrs. Doris L. Shreve Ms. Bonnie Shure and Mr. Edward Greenberg Dr. and Mrs. Sherman J. Silber Miss Jan Simons Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner Mr. and Mrs. Milton R. Skinner Jr. Mr. Eric Slessinger Mr. and Mrs. George B. Sloan Mr. and Mrs. Richard Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert F. Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Smith Dr. and Mrs. Stephen R. Smith Mr. Carl A. Snarrenberg Miss Alice A. Snay Miss Bernice Snelson Mr. and Mrs. Richard R. Snyder Mr. and Mrs. Ralph K. Soebbing Dr. Steven D. Spaner Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Spiegel III Mrs. Harriet B. Spoehrer Mr. John E. Stackle Mrs. Lloyd C. Stark Mr. and Mrs. Louis Stark State of Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner Mr. and Mrs. John Steinfeld Mr. Walker M. Stewart Mrs. Emil Studnicki Mr. and Mrs. Walter A. Suhre Jr. Miss Mary L. Sunderman Nancy L. Swan Mr. William Swanson and Ms. Maria Smietana Mrs. Carl J. Tabor Mr. and Mrs. William K. Tao Ms. Elaine M. Tatkow Mr. Carl W. Taylor Mr. and Mrs. Hal Taylor Mr. and Mrs. Thomas P. Taylor III Tempset Inc. Mrs. Whitelaw Terry Sr. Mrs. Margaret C. Thomas Dr. and Mrs. M. Bryant Thompson Mr. William K. Thompson Mr. and Mrs. Jerrold Tiers Mr. and Mrs. Gene Tischler Trammell Crow Co. Mr. Otto C. Trostel Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Tucker Joy Tucker Mrs. T. C. Tupper Dr. and Mrs. James K. Turner Prof. Sarah T. Turner Miss Vera Ulbricht Mrs. Mary M. Usher Dr. Frederick H. Utech Dr. and Mrs. Andres J. Valdes Ms. Nicole Van Opdenbosch Mr. and Mrs. Vasil Vasileff Mr. and Mrs. Alan P. Vierheller Mrs. Helen A. Vogel Mr. and Mrs. Eugene I. Vogt Mr. and Mrs. Charles Voigt Ms. Dorothy Vondrasek Mr. Donald A. Wachter Miss Florence E. Wagner Mr. and Mrs. William R. Wagner Mr. and Mrs. Robert Waites Dr. and Mrs. Stanley Wald Mr. and Mrs. W. Edmund Waller Versie and Lovell Walser Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Walton Mr. and Mrs. James M. Warden Mrs. C. L. Washburne Ms. Joan Washington Dr. Martin H. Waters Drs. Mark and Cassandra Weaver Mrs. Leslie F. Weber and Miss Grace T. Weber Mr. and Mrs. Leslie J. Wehling Mrs. S. A. Weintraub Mr. Danny S. Wells Dr. and Mrs. Frits W. Went Ms. Carol Sue Wheeler Mr. F. L. Whelan Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William M. Whitmire Miss Carolyn Whitmore Ms. Patricia A. Wickter Mrs. Arvilla F. Wieland Miss Marjorie Wildey Mr. Rolla J. Wilhite Dr. and Mrs. James A. Willibrand Mr. Merlin F. Willmann Miss Edna I. Wilton Mr. and Mrs. Louis P. Wingert Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John Winkle Mrs. Hildegarde Wunderlich Mr. and Mrs. Eugene J. Zehr Mr. and Mrs. Ferdinand B. Zienty VG Missouri Botanical Garden CALENDAR OF EVENTS November-December 1988 NOVEMBER 4 / FALL FLOWER SHOW PREVIEW 9 to8p.m., Friday, Orthwein Floral Display Hall. Join us to celebrate the return of our popular flower shows. A design of simple elegance recreates the traditional beauty of a Japanese garden. Chrysanthemums in an array of colors accent a teahouse, drum bridge, lanterns, a pool, dry gardens and statuary. Music, cash bar. Dinner buffet will be available in the Gardenview Restaurant. For Members only. NOVEMBER 1] Tuespay Walking Tour 1 p.m. Meet at Ridgway Center ticket counter. (Sunday tours meet at 2 p.m.) Tours are led by Garden Guides trained to discuss horticul- ture, ecology, architecture, history and sculpture of the Garden. Join us for a delightful and informative experience, rain or shine. Free. 1-18 A Celebration of Wildlife 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Monsanto Hall; display continues. Paintings and sculpture by the Missouri Wild- life Artists Society, funded in part by the Missouri Arts Council, a state agency. Free. TUES.-—SUN. 2-4 wep.-Fri. Holiday Preview Sale 9 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. daily, Garden Gate Shop. Members receive 20 percent off all merchandise, all three days, during the Shop’s annual sale. See page 18. Fall Flower Show 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Orthwein Floral Display Hall. All the beauty of autumn in a splendid array of color- ful chrysanthemums. Free. See highlight above. SAT. -—SUN. HT] SATURDAY Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. § sunpay Walking Tour 2 p.m. See November 1 for details. 7 monpay Plant Clinic 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. On-the-spot identification of plants and horticultural troubleshooting by Master Gardeners. Free. § ruespay Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. 12 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. 19 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. 19 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. 20 Walking Tour 2 p.m. See November 1 for details. SATURDAY TUESDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY MONDAY ra Plant Clinic 9 a.m. to noon, Ridgway Center. See November 7 for details. 22 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for detai 26 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for detai 29 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for detail TUESDAY SATURDAY TUESDAY 30 0 wepnespay Lecture: “Henry Shaw’s England” 7:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditoriun Patrick Bowe, landscape architec and tour leader for the Members trip to England in May, will prese a preview of the tour. Free. See page 16. NOVEMBER 15 / MEMBERS’ DAY “Memories of 1904" 2p.m., Tuesday, Shoenberg Auditorium. Slide lecture will be presented by Mrs. J. C. Horner of the 1904 World’s Fair Society. The Rivertown Barbershop Quartet will entertain, and a special “Victorian Lunch” will be available in the Gardenview Restaurant For Members only. SATURDAY lking Tour m. See November 1 for details. SUNDAY King Tour m. See November 1 for details. TUESDAY king Tour m. See November 1 for details. [| WEDNESDAY er Grove House dielight Tour ) to 7:30 p.m., Tower Grove ise. Sixth annual candlelight tour arden founder Henry Shaw’s ntry home, decorated in Vic- an splendor for the holidays. ervations are required. Call 5150 or use the form on page 17. () per person includes refresh- its. See page 17. 10 iday Plant Sale m. to 7:30 p.m. Thursday and ay; 9a.m. to5 p.m. Saturday. nbers receive 20 percent off all chandise. See page 18. FRIDAY liday Fantasy” Flower Show n. to 5 p.m. daily through Janu- 1, 1989, Orthwein Floral Display . (Closed on Christmas Day.) ual display of poinsettias and seasonal blooms, to delight lren of all ages. Free. highlight above. DECEMBER Pa Se DECEMBER 8 / “HOLIDAY FANTASY" PREVIEW 9 to 8p.m., Thursday, Orthwein Floral Display Hall. The 1988 Holiday Flower Show creates a wonderland of festive delights accented with poinsettias and other seasonal blooms. Music, cash bar. Dinner buffet will be available in the Gardenview Restaurant. Sponsored by The Daniel and Henry Co. For Members only. See back cover. DECEMBER 10 / MEMBERS’ DAY “Get Into the Holiday Spirit” 1:30 p.m., Saturday, Shoenberg Auditorium. Delight in “The Gift of the Magi”, read by KSDK-TV’s Jennifer Blome, and enjoy a concert of holiday favorites sung by the Central Visual and Per- forming Arts at McKinley High School Choir. For Members only. TERMI ANE S HOTT A TIN ONIN 9 FRIDAY continued Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m., Tower Grove House Tea Room. Tower Grove House Auxiliary offers a special luncheon menu, and guests are greeted with holiday punch. Reser- vations are required by calling 977-5150 starting November 15, 9 a.m. to noon. Payment must be received by December 1. Lunch- eons are also offered Monday through Friday, December 12-16. 10 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. SATURDAY 12 monpay Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. See December 9 for details. 13 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. TUESDAY 13 Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. December 9 for details. TUESDAY continued 14. wepnespay Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. See December 9 for details. 19 Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. See December 9 for details. Sounds of Christmas 1 p.m. to8 p.m., Ridgway Center. Performances of seasonal music by local musicians and carolers. Gar- den Gate Shop and Gardenview Restaurant will be open. Free, but there will be a fee for photos with Santa. 16 Holiday Luncheon 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. See December 9 for details. THURSDAY FRIDAY 17 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. Santa Lucia Celebration ll a.m. to5p.m., Ridgway Center. Festivities honoring the Swedish Saint Lucia who brings light, hope and peace to all. Carolers, folk dan- cing and a candlelight procession, co-sponsored by the Swedish Coun- cil of St. Louis. Free. 18 Walking Tour 2 p.m. See November 1 for details. 20 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. SATURDAY SUNDAY TUESDAY THURSDAY 22 Sounds of Christmas 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. See December 15 for details. 24 Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. 29 Christmas Day The Garden is closed. 2] Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. al Walking Tour 1 p.m. See November 1 for details. SATURDAY SUNDAY TUESDAY SATURDAY 15. Haiti i Re tem SR he Re RMR BOS 8h BOER ENTREE BRS Sa A iL RY IR AEE PROM THE MEMBERS@¥r OFFICE ECUADOR Visit a Botanical Wonderland pee taun February 17—March 2, 1989 THE GARDENS AND e aoe > of the most Ecuador, on the west coast of es eee maT! vJune 1988). Ho USES OF S AVANNAH, a Anes ‘ans on Earth (see the DurCrn ee aa includin ssid al explore this extraordinary Octal Cho a BEAUFO RT, AND Join us for basin, rain-drenched, s of the Amazon ; . 10. ee mountains of Cotopax! and Chimboraz0 CHARLES TON and the 1S ‘tinerary include: hts of the itinerary Inc _ ree from pre-Inca days. and agricultural i ur departs from Miami. : . ' we il highland market at a pare e Indian villages displaying traditional cralts, March 29—Apmil 3, 1989 Spend two nights in Savannah, lovely city by the sea, visiting houses and gar- methods. an famous for its pre-Inca archeological site under dens in the Historic District. Travel to ‘he Cachasaul 10n, I¢ . e The Cochasqui reg excavation. Beaufort, a delightful seaside city of Greek Revival and Georgian houses; then on to Charleston, a city of infinite beauty and charm. Our three-night stay in this gracious southern city 1s highlighted by a candlelight tour of private homes; walks through private gardens; and a day spent visiting Drayton Hall and Magnolia planta- tions while the azaleas and camellias are in bloom. Watch your mail for details; for infor- mation or reservations, call 577-9517. ‘Is leading to tree ferns, Vs tow at a hacienda offering tral a oluding epiphytic _ see a ot richly-colored flowering plants including ep!phy iads and orchids. - iver, a major aes dugout canoe down ae See ; t rane of the Amazon, into the lowland sre i Garden field ‘ stay at Jatun Sacha Biological Station, 4 cas ee ene ° : af Hikes into the rainforest and lectures o es and plunging rye the Pastaza River Canyon along steep St i base of the sna ie followed by a dip in the thermal springs 4 : streams, , . : : 5} country. Tungurahua Volcano var-old hacienda in the sierra countr’ , e Cienega, a 300-yea oy 5 f Cotopax), ; eae ‘© tundra just below the glaciers at the base 0 Pp ike u ; seer highest active volcano (19,700 feet). Cc y . Ns a | 8) ( 51 f ) Membership Dues to Increase in 1989 Membership dues for regular level Members at Missouri Botanical Garden will increase from $35 to $40 in 1989. Membership benefits for a regular mem- ber include: e Free admission for two adults and chil- dren under the age of 16 e¢ More than 20 invitations during the year to special Garden events including four “Members only” flower show previews, CENTENNIAL TOUR THE GARDENS OF YORKSHIRE— HOMELAND OF HENRY SHAW May 13—26, 1989 Join Dr. and Mrs. Raven on an unfor- gettable tour of stately English homes and exquisite gardens as we commemorate the centennial year of the Garden’s Board of Trustees, and 50 years of Garden mem- bership. The trip includes a visit to Sheffield, birthplace of Henry Shaw, and Chat- sworth, home of the dukes of Devonshire and Shaw’s inspiration for his Garden. Ar- rive in London on May 22 and visit the world famous Chelsea Flower Show and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Landscape architect and garden designer Patrick Bowe will travel with the University College, Dublin, with a degree in architecture, he is the author of Jrish Gardens and Desmesnes from 1830, and The Gardens of Ireland. Mr. Bowe has led trips for the Royal Botanic Society, the Archives of American Art and the Mar- quand Park Foundation of Princeton. A native of County Waterford, Ireland, he is married to art historian Dr. Nicola Gordon Bowe, and currently makes his home in Dublin. Mr. Bowe will give a tour preview on November 30, at 7:30 p.m. in Shoenberg Auditorium. Watch your mail for more in- formation, or call 577-9517. tour throughout Yorkshire. A graduate of 12 members days, and four or more major members’ events e A 10 percent discount at the Garden Gate Shop e Free subscription to the bimonthly Bulletin e Free reciprocal admission at other botanical gardens throughout the country e Discounts on education classes and facility rentals at the Garden e Travel opportunities through the Mem- bership Travel Program The new dues structure will take effect January 1, 1989. Members renewing prior to that time can renew at the $35 level. Twenty years of Guides’ uniforms (left to right): Harriot Smith, 1969; Edna Dependahl, 1971; Midge Tooker and Sally Morse, 1973; John Scott as Henry Shaw, the first Garden Guide; Ann Case and Katherine Chambers, 1978; Bill Clark, 1983; and Maripat Monterubio, as a Guide in the year 2000. Guides Celebrate 20 Years On September 13, 1988, the Garden Guides celebrated their twentieth an- niversary. Ken Peck, who developed the training course for the first group of guides in September, 1968, was the key- note speaker. Mr. Peck was head of the Garden's education division for 24 years until 1981, when he joined the Hummert Seed Company as technical adviser. The celebration was highlighted by “A Guide for All Seasons,” a fashion show of the Guides’ uniforms from the past 20 years. A reception and luncheon followed. Mary Jane Kirtz was chairman of the celebra- tion, and Betty Guarraia directed the fashion show. Nancy Thompson and Peggy Abel are co-chairmen of the Gar- den Guides. Please mail at least three weeks prior to occasion: _] Holidays _] Birthday _} Other GIFT MEMBERSHIP ORDER FORM Gift To: NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP TELEPHONE Sign gift card: Date Needed By: Regular Membership $35. Contributing Membership $75. For more information call 577-5118. P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Please make checks payable to: Membership Office, Missouri Botanical Garden, Gift From: NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP TELEPHONE __] Enclosed is my check for $ _} Please charge: VISA No. MasterCard No. Name as it appears on card: Expiration date: NEWS FROM TOWER GROVE HOUSE Holiday Luncheons Tower Grove House once again will be decorated in Victorian splendor for the holidays. The decorations will be on view from Tuesday, December 6 through Saturday, December 31 from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. The Garden is closed Christmas Day. The Tower Grove House Auxiliary’s Tea Room will again offer special holiday luncheons on December 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 from 11:30 to 1 p.m. Guests will be greeted with holiday punch. Reservations are required and will be accepted beginning Tuesday, November 15, between 9 a.m. and 12 noon. Checks must be received no later than Thursday, December 1, 1988. For additional infor- mation and reservations call 577-5150. Candelight Tour The Sixth Annual Candlelight Tour, sponsored by the Tower Grove House Auxiliary, will be held on Wednesday, De- cember 7, 1988, between 4:30 and 7:30 p.m. Reservations may be made by mailing in the form below. For additional information call Tower Grove House, 977-5150. The fee includes a candlelight tour of the decorated house, plus refresh- ments in the Tea Room. Enter at 2345 Tower Grove, where your name will be registered. Parking is available across the street at Tower Grove Baptist Church. Please make reservations for the Candlelight Tour, Wednesday, December 7, Tower Grove House between 4:30 and 7:30 p.m. Enclosed is my check for $ , at $5.50 per person. Please make checks payable to: Tower Grove House Auxiliary. Check must be received no later than December 1, 1988. NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP PHONE Mail to: Tower Grove House, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 NEWS FROM SHAW ARBORETUM Trustees Visit the Arboretum Hiking the Pinetum Lake road, left to right: Peter Raven with Jules Campbell, Adelaide Schlafly and Susan Wolff; John Biggs with Daniel Schlafly; and Tamra Raven with Frank Wolff. On October 1 members of the Board of Trustees and their families visited the Arboretum for a tour of the grounds and lunch at the Adlyne Freund Education Center. The visit included a bus tour of the trail house loop road to observe the Arboretum’s rolling hills in beautiful fall color. The Trustees had an opportunity to inspect several recent improvements to the Arboretum grounds, including a new Arboretum Closed during Deer Hunting Season Although there will not be a managed deer hunt on the Arboretum this year, the Arboretum will be closed to visitors during deer firearms season, November 12 to November 20, as an added safety precaution. As usual, the four square miles of the Arboretum (2400 acres) will be patrolled during the hunting season. PHOTOGRAPHY AWARDS—William Davit, staff naturalist at the Arboretum, was recognized for his superb photo- graphs at the Eleventh North American Prairie Conference held at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, last August. In a ju- ried competition, two of Mr. Davit’s pho- tographs won their categories: ‘Prairie at Sunset” (Prairie Landscape) and “‘Sun- flower at Sunrise” (Prairie Still Life). Mr. Davit’s photographs appear frequently in the Bulletin. parking area east of the Visitor Center. The new lot has space for 100 cars, and is not visible from the main part of the Pine- tum lake area. The Trustees also ob- served the area formerly occupied by a number of obsolete greenhouses recently demolished by the Army National Guard. The greenhouse complex was built in the 1920s to house the Garden’s orchid collec- tion, when it was threatened by severe air pollution in the city. Madagascar Program Receives Two-Year Grant The Garden's research and conserva- tion program in Madagascar has received a two-year grant of $250,000 from the W. Alton Jones Foundation, Inc. of Charlot- tesville, Virginia. The funding 1s effective through 1989. The grant will allow assistant curator Dr. Porter P. Lowry II, project coordina- tor, and Dr. George E. Schatz, resident re- search botanist, to expand their efforts in research and exploration of Madagascar’s extremely rich and highly threatened flora; establishment of a comprehensive com- puter database of the country’s plant resources that will be used by scientists, conservationists and government organi- zations; and assistance and training for local botanists in modern botanical re- search methods. The grant also will allow the Garden to play a leading role in the growing international effort to conserve Madagascar’s remaining areas of undis- turbed forest. National Geographic Society Funds Field Work In Amazonian Peru Dr. Henk van der Werff, assistant cu- rator at the Garden, has received a grant of $6,268 from the National Geographic Society to support his field study of the plant family Lauraceae. The grant will enable van der Werff to collect specimens around Iquitos in Amazonian Peru, an area rich in Lauraceae species. From the Garden Gate Shop Annual Holiday Preview Sale Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday December 2, 3, and 4 9 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. Start your holiday shopping at the Garden Gate Shop’s annual sale, where Members receive a 20 percent discount on all merchandise and plants. You will find something wonderful for everyone on your list in our huge selection of gifts, books, gardening tools, accessories, holi- day plants and decorations. The Shop is featuring the beautiful 1989 Missouri Bo- tanical Garden Calendar with photographs by Jack Jennings, and the popular 1988 Holiday Card, which shows a view of the Japanese Garden by Dhimitri Zonia. The card is available in sets of ten with no mes- sage, or with “Peace and Joy in the New Year” printed inside. Gift certificates are always available. December Plant Sale Thursday and Friday, December 8 and 9, 9 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. Saturday, December 10, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Brighten the holiday season with beautiful plants as gifts or decorations. The Shop will feature poinsettias, Christmas cactus, kalanchoe, and minia- ture decorated pine trees. Bulbs blooming for the holidays include amaryllis, paperwhites and hyacinths. A fine selection of baskets, birdfeeders, tools, and new and unusual gifts will be available. Members receive a 20 percent discount during the entire sale. Trustee Profile QO. SAGE WIGHTMAN III A native of St. Louis, O. Sage Wight- man III joined the Garden’s Board of Trustees in 1983. Mr. Wightman recalls that his initial and quite thorough intro- duction to the Garden was organized by another Trustee, Robert R. Hermann, and Dr. Raven. “It was a fascinating expe- rience and I was astounded to learn the extent of the programs in horticulture, re- search, and education that are a daily part of the Garden’s activities. “Working with the Trustees and Dr. Raven I have become much more aware of the impact of environmental concerns such as the destruction of the tropical rainforest. The Garden, through the ex- emplary leadership of Dr. Raven, is fur- thering a greater comprehension of this problem. Our community should be ex- tremely proud of this institution. It is an incredible asset to the entire region.” As Chairman of the Henry Shaw An- nual Giving Campaign, Mr. Wightman has been responsible for assisting the Garden in raising general operating support. “The Henry Shaw Campaign is an excellent way in which each individual can help the Gar- den by offering the financial support needed day-in and day-out to keep the Garden in the excellent condition we all expect and enjoy. The most gratifying part of the annual giving campaign is wor- king with the volunteers who give of their time willingly and enthusiastically. They realize operating funds are critical if we expect the Garden to remain the premier institution it is today.” Mr. Wightman, who also serves as co- chairman of the individual gifts committee of the $16 million capital campaign, com- mented that it is exciting to witness the St. Louis community stepping forward to support this drive. Attracting the Kresge Foundation and many other new donors strengthens the credibility of our institu- tion and the importance of this campaign. For the past several years, Mr. Wight- man has served as Corporate Vice Presi- dent at Stifel Nicolaus. While he donates the greatest amount of his volunteer time to the Garden, Mr. Wightman also serves on the boards of the St. Louis Symphony, The Muny Opera, and the Central Insti- tute for the Deaf. Raven Receives Honorary Degree Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the Garden, received an honorary degree from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst on Thursday, October 13. The degree of Doctor of Science, honoris causa, was conferred during a special convocation that featured a lecture by Ra- ven titled ““The Next Twenty Years— Global Destruction of Biological Diver- sity: Can It Be Stopped?” Each year the university grants honor- ary degrees to individuals of outstanding creative and intellectual achievement. Re- cent past recipients include Michael Dukakis, New York Governor Mario Cuomo, and Illinois Senator Paul Simon. The University of Massachusetts at Amherst is the largest university, public or private, in New England. Founded in 1863 as a land grant college under the Morrill Act, it has grown from a small agricultural college into a major research university, containing 10 colleges with an enrollment of 19,750 undergraduate and 6,900 graduate students. California Academy of Sciences Honors Raven Garden director Dr. Peter H. Raven received the 1988 Fellows’ Medal from the California Academy of Sciences on Tuesday, October 4. The Fellows’ Medal is the Academy’s highest award, and ac- knowledges Dr. Raven's contributions to the field of botany and, specifically, rain- forest preservation. Dr. Raven has been associated with the Academy since the age of eight. The 135-year-old Academy, located in San Francisco, serves as a research facil- ity for scientists and an educational center for the public, with meetings, lectures, publications and exhibits. Its natural his- tory museum and aquarium are popular Golden Gate Park tourist attractions. Planned Giving Program Receives Grant The Joyce Foundation of Chicago has made a grant to help the Garden provide planned giving services to its Members and friends. The Foundation’s grant ena- bled the Garden to recruit Ernestina Short as a planned giving officer in the Development department. Ms. Short will be responsible for information and as- sistance to those who wish to consider a bequest or other forms of structured gifts. Marcia Kerz, director of develop- ment, said Ms. Short “will be available to talk with anyone who would like to explore the opportunities offered by our Planned Giving Program.” Planned Giving at the Garden includes the Heritage Society, founded in 1986, which includes Members and friends who have made provisions for the Garden in their wills. It is through generous and loyal participation of this kind that the Garden insures that its programs of dis- play, research and education will continue to enrich the community. Most recently, a member of the Herit- age Society, Mrs. Robert R. Stephens, passed away, leaving a generous gift to the Garden in her will. Mrs. Stephens had contributed to the Japanese Garden and the Henry Shaw Fund for many years. She is survived by a niece, Mrs. O. Sage Wightman III. We are grateful to Mrs. Stephens and members of the Heritage Society for their devotion to the Garden. For more infor- mation on the Planned Giving Program, call 577-5532, or write the Garden’s De- velopment Office, attention Ms. Short. Cultural Institutions Play Vital Economic Role The St. Louis Museums and Perfor- ming Arts Committee and the St. Louis Regional Commerce and Growth Associa- tion have announced the results of a sur- vey that shows each public dollar spent in support of St. Louis cultural institutions generates $18 in local economic activity. In 1987, the institutions added $677 million and more than 21,000 jobs to the metropolitan St. Louls economy, and at- tracted 12.4 million visitors. The study in- cluded responses from 66 local cultural institutions, including the Garden. The study concluded that “direct public-sector support of these institutions not only helps them provide first class cul- tural programs...it also helps make St. Louis a strong and more diversified economy.’ kor Younger Members The winter season doesn’t have blooming flowers like spring or full green trees like summer, but we can still use plants as a special part of the holiday sea- son. Plants can add to our holiday sights, smells and tastes. Try these activities and see if you agree that plants make the holidays brighter. HOLIDAY SIGHTS/ A Twig Tree You will need: Colored paper Yarn and fabric A small tree branch An empty jar or can Sand What to do: Search your neighborhood for a small branch that has fallen from a tree. Strip it of all remaining leaves. Fill your jar or can with sand, and push the base of the branch into it. Once your tree is standing, HOLIDAY SCENTS/ Pomander Balls Plants are known for their wonderful scents. An orange pomander ball will add a festive fragrance to your house. You will need: One box of whole cloves One orange Thin fabric ribbon Sewing pins What to do: Tie the ribbon around your orange. Use the pins to hold it in place. Make a fancy bow on the top. Push a clove (stem first) into your or- ange, leaving the head of the clove above you are ready to decorate it. Use your imagination to make orna- ments for your tree from brightly colored yarn, paper, felt, sequins, tin foil and other materials. If you can find some small pine cones on the ground, paint them or dip them in glue and glitter, and let them dry. Tie a piece of thread about 12 inches long to each ornament and use the thread to fasten the decorations to your tree. Use your tree as a table center- piece or to decorate your room. the orange’s skin. Cover the entire orange with cloves. Slip another length of ribbon under the bow, tie the ends together, and hang your pomander ball in a warm dry place. It will give off a delightful scent for at least a week. HOLIDAY TASTES/ Granola Balls No celebration would be complete without eating a few delicious treats. Be- low is recipe that makes good use of sev- eral plants. See if you can identify all the plants you will be eating. You will need: 2 tablespoons softened peanut butter ‘4, cup honey 1 tablespoon water 1 cup finely chopped apricots or raisins 2 cups crispy cereal or granola What to do: Combine peanut butter, honey, and water. Add fruit and granola, and blend well. Moisten your hands with cold water, and shape the mixture into one-inch balls. Roll in additional crushed granola if desired. Store on waxed paper in the refrigerator. ——————————————— Holiday Plants Henry Shaw Academy Explorers Study In Jamaica Last June a group of seven local high school students participated in a week- long field trip to the Hofstra University Marine Lab in Jamaica. The students were Fred Arndt, Kim Barnes, Maria Ce- Ballos, Missey Livesay, Buffy Nieman, Bill Peacock and Liessa Thomas. They were supervised by Jeff DePew, a mem- ber of the Garden's education division and coordinator of the Henry Shaw Academy. Jeff was assisted by Barbara Addelson, of the education division's ECO-ACT pro- gram, and Henry Shaw Academy assis- tant Tracey Betz. The Explorers combined fun and lear- ning as they studied marine ecology and tropical biology, including snorkeling among coral reefs, night excursions to tidal pools, hikes along the shore, and studying Jamaica’s culture and history. The Caribbean trip was the culmina- tion of the first year of the new Explorer program, which began in September, 1987. The program offers a full year’s credit in high school elective biology to students who attend the monthly ses- sions and satisfactorily complete indepen- dent field projects and journals. Those students who also demonstrate outstand- ing skills in leadership and field research are eligible for summer field trips. The Explorer program 1s for 14 to 18 year-old students who already have a back- ground in general science or biology. It uses field research methods to study the diversity of the earth’s ecosystems. Ex- plorer members have monthly weekend sessions and take field trips to such loca- tions as Missouri caves, state parks, the Smoky Mountains and the Arboretum. The program runs from September through August and is limited to 15 par- ticipants. Openings may be available for the rest of the current school year; call 577-5135 for information. Fees vary for each activity, and some scholarship money may be available. The Henry Shaw Academy The Henry Shaw Academy offers stu- dents aged seven and older exciting ways to investigate topics in science, ecology and natural history. A membership in the Academy is $15 per year, and includes newsletters, a membership card, invita- tions to special events and an Academy T-shirt. For a complete brochure on cur- rent HSA classes and activities, call 577-5140. NISSAN MOTOR CORPORATION IN U:S.. i- 4.: Director and Regional General Manager Thomas Eastwood (right) and William Alexander, Regional Sales Manager (left) presenting a check to Deborah Graham, the Garden’s public events coordinator, in support of special events as part of the Japanese Festival. y Away “QUIS NISSAN EALERS ASSOCIATION city NISEAS uIGcaAN LOCAL SUPPORT: Ed DeBrecht, (right), President of the St. Louis Nissan Dealers Association, and Peter H. Raven announce the winner of a 1988 Nissan Pulsar Coupe. The winner’s name, Brenda Baum of St. Louis, was drawn from thousands of entries submitted by visitors to the Garden’s recent Japanese Festival. In Honor Of: Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Abels Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Adreon Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber John Binder Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff Mrs. Helen Bland Mae Anderson Alice Granneman Cleo Metz Irene Vogt Nita Yewell Mrs. Florence Block Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Goldman Dr. Eugene M. Bricker Dr. and Mrs. Llewellyn Sale, Jr. Howard Cloud, Jr. Joy Allard Mr. and Mrs. Bill Eastman Mr. and Mrs. Brant Garnholz Dr. and Mrs. Paul Cornelius Mrs. Margaret Hurwitz Mr. Jerry Crowley Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Boettcher, Jr. Mrs. Ellen Dubinsky Mr. and Mrs. Burton E. Follman Mr. and Mrs. Alan P. Goldberg Melville Dunkelman Dr. and Mrs. Llewellyn Sale, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Fabick Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Elsperman Dr. and Mrs. James B. Finn Mr. and Mrs. Christopher K. Reid Mr. and Mrs. Clifford E. Fischer Mr. and Mrs. Joe C. Zingrich Mrs. Carol Fruend Mrs. Helen D. Glassberg Mr. Myron Glassberg Mrs. Peggy Graves JULY - AUGUST 1988 Mrs. Doris Grattendick Cordie Schmid Mrs. Ernest Hommel Soule Family Mrs. Doris Kaplan Mr. and Mrs. Victor Packman Kevin Koplar Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky Mr. Robert Kresko Mr. Louis M. Schukar Ms. Marge May Mr. and Mrs. Myron Glassberg Louise Robinson McReynolds Susan McReynolds Bonnell Ann McReynolds Edwards Ann Robinson Faulk Thomas R. McReynolds James E. Robinson John R. Robinson Orrin S. Robinson William S. Robinson Louise Gervais Sherrill Clarice Robinson Woodley Jim and Libbie Neuner Mr. and Mrs. Macy S. Abrams Mr. and Mrs. Marvin N. Parsons Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Hermon Dr. and Mrs. John Radke Ms. C. Janelle Evans Mr. and Mrs. T. Rosen Mr. and Mrs. Myron Glassberg Mrs. Alan Ross Mrs. Melvin Feist Mrs. Sammy Ann Ruwitch Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mrs. Arthur Scharff, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Richard L. Bushman Dr. Alfred Schwartz Dr. and Mrs. Hyman R. Senturia Mrs. Alma Shoenberg Dr. and Mrs. Llewellyn Sale, Jr. Mrs. Sophie Sigoloff Mrs. Victor Packman Mr. and Mrs. Walter Stern Dr. and Mrs. Ira Kodner Dr. and Mrs. Gunter Schmidt Mrs. Marjorie Maddox Tooker Mr. William Pagenstecher Mrs. Gean Toothacker Mrs. Edward L. Martin Mrs. Robert Tschudy Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky Mr. Buddy Turner Mr. and Mrs. Frank Prins, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Burt Wenneker Mr. and Mrs. Stanley M. Lewis The following gifts were made to the Campaign for the Garden, in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Woodcock’s 50th wedding anniversary. These donors were inadvertently omitted from the list published in the last issue of the Bulletin. We regret the error. Mr. and Mrs. Lyle Woodcock Mrs. Georgia Adams Mr. and Mrs. James Arensman Miss Ola M. Eubanks Miss Rose Evertz Mrs. Frances E. Felts Mr. and Mrs. Dennis Ford Mr. and Mrs. Earl L. Freiermuth Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Gergs Dr. and Mrs. Robert R. Hartman Mrs. Katherine E. Herzog Mr. Fielding Lewis Holmes Mr. and Mrs. Ray Johnson Mrs. Edith Mattick Mr. and Mrs. C. F. McClure, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas McClure Mr. and Mrs. William T. McClure Mr. and Mrs. Henry Meier Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Meyer Mr. and Mrs. Noble Parsonage Grace Rippy Mr. and Mrs. Harold Short Mr. and Mrs. Charles Stough In Memory Of: Mr. Earnest Albrecht Mr. and Mrs. Harold W. Bonacker Mr. and Mrs. Matt Duenke Mr. Gustaf Andersen Mr. George R. Durnell Mrs. Hugh M. Anderson Sarah and Joan Moss Mr. Arthur Ballard Mr. Thomas Sehr Mr. William Bernoudy Mr. and Mrs. Howard F. Baer Mrs. Jean-Jacques Carnal Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr. Mrs. Martha N. Simmons Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith Mrs. Ira E. Berry Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Elmer G. Kiefer The Whitehall Club, Inc. Mr. Ed Biernbaum Dr. and Mrs. Gregory Storch Mrs. Harriet Bischoff Mrs. Richard S. Bull Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling Miss Wendy Goessling Mrs. Martha N. Simmons Mrs. Edward Bishop Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman Mr. Olaf Boettcher Mr. and Mrs. Ferd L. Bopp Mrs. Arlene Richter Mr. and Mrs. William D. Walton Mr. Maurice S. Bonnett Mr. and Mrs. Burt Wenneker continued on next page pAlp continued Mr. Stephen F. Bowen, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy Mr. Herman Bowmar Mrs. Herman Bowmar Miss Muriel Braeutigam Miss Helen A. Mardorf Mrs. Elzora Branch Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Trulaske Mrs. Altha Brandt Mrs. Ernest D. Loewenwarter Mrs. Ethel Brightman Dr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Woolsey Mrs. Pearl Chazen Mr. and Mrs. Burt Wenneker Nana Phelan Gildehaus Cisco Mr. and Mrs. Ralph E. Piper Mr. Robert McNeely Cochran Mrs. Esther C. Bitting Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Cave Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Cornwell, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling Mrs. John F. Krey Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith The Charless Home, Board of Directors Rev. Ford Coffman Mr. and Mrs. John B. Henkle Mr. Herbert D. Condie, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Brouk Mr. Fred Couts, Sr. Jim Moore Fred J. Rock Mrs. Eugene Cronk Mr. and Mrs. John Gardner Mr. Clark V. Graves Mother of Irnell Daniel Mrs. Kaye Mayer Mr. Vincent D’Antoni Mr. Earl Rosen, Jr. Dr. M. A. Diehr Mrs. Emma Kruse Mr. William D. Errant Mrs. James Butler Bushyhead Mr. and Mrs. Myron Glassberg Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner Mrs. H. L. Ettman, Jr. Miss Mercedes E. Nitzschmann Mr. Casper Fabick Mr. H. James Hoeferlin Mr. Lee Kirk Mr. Gus Fakonas Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Cassimatis Mrs. Farmer Mr. and Mrs. Robert Rains Mr. Paul A. Fiehler, Sr. Mr. Dale L. Boring Ina Fitzgerald Mr. and Mrs. Robert Appleton Mr. Edwin D. Franey Mr. and Mrs. Peter H. Husch Carl Garfinkel Mrs. Margaret J. Faiman and Family Mrs. Erna Georgenitch Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Green Mrs. Alma Giebel Mr. and Mrs. Harold W. Bonacker Mr. and Mrs. Daniel H. Goetz Mr. and Mrs. Albert C. Moyer Mr. Alan Godlewski Miss Adelaide Cherbonnier Mr. and Mrs. William T. Dooley, Jr. Dr. Patrick Flanagan Dr. and Mrs. J. M. Grant Mrs. Bessie Govits Rose Society of Greater St. Louis Mrs. Lora Graul Dr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Roy Mrs. Etta Gudehus Mr. and Mrs. Philip M. Craig Mr. Harry Hammett Mr. and Mrs. Elmer G. Kiefer Mrs. Elaine Hartmann Helen Boemler Mr. George Hasser, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Rains Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven Mrs. Katherine H. Hedley Mrs. Betsy H. O’Herin Mr. Edwin A. Paradoski Mrs. Robert Holdenried Mr. and Mrs. Russell Moll Mrs. Bernice Hougland Early Education Center, Staff and Board Mr. and Mrs. Newton C. Garland Ms. Debra Hagen Mr. and Mrs. Ken House Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Jackson Mr. and Mrs. Roger N. Jespersen Ms. Katherine Kravitz Ozark Area Council Wesley Foundation Col. Daniel H. Hundley Mrs. Pamela Willhite Finch Mrs. A. Clifford Jones Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur Mr. and Mrs. Henry Belz III Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Brouk Mrs. Richard S. Bull Mr. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Cannon Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Cave Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Cornwell, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Donald Danforth, Jr. Mrs. John L. Donnell Mr. and Mrs. William T. Dooley, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman Mr. and Mrs. John Gardner Mr. and Mrs. Richard S. Hawes III High Hopes Syndicate Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hitchcock Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle Mrs. Foster W. Holmes Mr. and Mrs. Gale F. Johnston, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Albert D. Krueger Ladue Garden Club Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg Mr. and Mrs. L. Max Lippman, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Lord, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Albert Michenfelder Mr. and Mrs. Thomas R. Remington Mr. and Mrs. John D. Schaperkotter Judy Scott Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Sharp Dr. Suzanne H. Singer Mr. and Mrs. H. Parker Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. Thompson Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw, Jr. Mr. Harry Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Ann Mueller Jones Robert D. Mudd Family Helen and John Joynt Mr. and Mrs. Arthur F. Boettcher, Jr. Keith Katzer Missouri Botanical Garden—Guides Missouri Botanical Garden— Volunteer Instructors Mrs. Anna Kiefer Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Till Jane Linson Kraemer Roussin Family Mr. Mike Kutner Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Kantor Mrs. Goldie Pankewer Levine Mr. and Mrs. Jere Hochman Mrs. John F. Lilly Mr. and Mrs. Henry O. Johnston Mrs. Genevieve Linn Mr. and Mrs. Edward J. Crawford Mrs. Anne Chase Lionberger Anne Rose Stewart Mr. Michael Longo Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Rich Mr. Harry Lydick Mr. and Mrs. Dick Archer Mr. Ralph Marotta Rose Society of Greater St. Louis Dr. Richard W. Maxwell Mrs. D. W. Eades Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Kirtz Mrs. Bernice McClanahan Mrs. Peggy Wann Mr. Harold E. McDonald Betty Endicott Scott Endicott Buzz and Susan McDonald Joe and Susan McDonald Michael and Penny McDonald Virginia McDonald Mary and Mike Palazzola Karen and Buzz Phillips Pat and Lindsay Poettgen Mr. William J. Meisburger, Jr. Miss Marion Bock Mr. Daniel P. Meyers Mr. and Mrs. Eugene W. Dependahl Mr. Robert Mignerone Mr. and Mrs. John B. Henkle Mr. Thomas Roberts Miller Mr. R. J. Sauget Donald Clark Ward Mr. Stephen V. Monte, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky William R. Gould Family Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. TSchudy Mr. Hubert Moog Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson Mrs. Sybil Morris Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook Mrs. Stanley Morse Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas P. Veeder Mrs. Mary A. Myles Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Vigus Mr. George Arthur Neff IV Diane, Paul and Alex Redman Ruth Neidt Mrs. S. A. Weintraub Mrs. Dolores Nelson Mrs. Maurine L. Baldwin Joni L. Boldt Terry Brown Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Camden Mr. Mike Campbell Ms. Lynn E. Condit Mr. and Mrs. William T. Devers Mr. and Mrs. Marvin C. Duba Fred W. Fangmann Family Mr. and Mrs. Maurine Flenniken Mr. Jerry Gawrys—Best Printing & Duplicating, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Gundaker Mr. Lester O. Haas Mrs. Vivian J. Haas Mr. and Mrs. Philip E. Johnson Mr. and Mrs. Jack Kerls Mrs. Judith A. Kusnierkiewicz Maritz, Inc.— Market Research Lynn McCloskey Miss Christine M. Nelson Mr. and Mrs. Vernon F. Petrik Renaissance Society of Maplewood St. Louis Magazine, Inc. The Schoeningers Stephen Stalley Mrs. Esther M. Steinberger Steve Taylor Family Mr. Robert H. Wagner Mr. and Mrs. Stanley M. Wilensky Don and Nancy Williams John S. Nicholson Margaret Faiman and Family Mr. Walter J. Nutt Satsuko Doi Toshi Doi Mr. John Passiglia Ms. Barb Franz Ms. Nancy M. Franz Mr. Steve Lukowski Mrs. Lena Peltier Mr. and Mrs. Burt Wenneker Susan Pepple Mr. and Mrs. Jack Herrmann Ms. Carrie Milanovits-Launius Mrs. Mary Bowman Peters Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV Mr. Petrovik Mr. and Mrs. William E. Remmert Mrs. lone Pilkington Mr. and Mrs. Wiliam A. Frank Mrs. Stuart T. Plimpton Mrs. Clinton U. Imboden Missouri Botanical Garden—Guides Dr. and Mrs. M. Bryant Thompson Mr. Alexander Timon Primm III A. G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. Donald W. Anthon Family Mr. and Mrs. Frederick H. Atwood III Mrs. Elizabeth Augustine Mrs. Lewis W. Baldwin, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew N. Baur Dr. and Mrs. Vilray P. Blair, Jr. Mrs. Gaylord C. Burke Mr. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush Mr. Jules D. Campbell Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Landers Carnal Mr. Ms. Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Cave Mr. and Mrs. James D. Cherry Mr. and Mrs. Thomas R. Collins, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John Walton Curley Mrs. Jane M. DeSmedt Mrs. Arthur A. Dunn, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr. Mrs. H. M. Engelhorn Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank Friends’ Meeting of Rolla Mr. and Mrs. J. Carr Gamble, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. George H. Hall Mr. and Mrs. Philip Hall Mr. and Mrs. Everett R. Hamilton Miss Mary Frances Hazelton Dr. Ilse Heilbrunn Mr. and Mrs. Downing B. Jenks Ms. Hope D. Jones Mr. John A. Karel Mr. and Mrs. William B. Kempton Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg Mrs. Robert McCarthy Dr. and Mrs. James F. Nickel Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross Mr. and Mrs. A. Lee Shapleigh II Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh Mr. and Mrs. Jackson J. Shinkle Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer Mr. and Mrs. H. Parker Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink Ms. Amy Hamilton Stewart Mrs. Anne L. Stewart Mrs. Arthur Stockstrom Mr. Arthur Stockstrom, Jr. The Charless Home—Board of Directors Mr. and Mrs. Michael C. Vander Velde Mr. and Mrs. John S. Wagner Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Edward D. Weakley Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Wixson Dr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Woolsey Mr. E. Harold Qualls Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan Mrs. Terry Reynolds Dr. and Mrs. Richard Wunderlich Mrs. Vera Riley Miss Peggy Keilholz Liz Rinehart Mr. and Mrs. Dean Danzer Mr. Chris Rojewski Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Herwig, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw, Jr. Mrs. Thelma Routt Mr. and Mrs. Andrew J. Kocot Mr. Fred Russell LaBarge, Clancy & Riske Mr. George Scherrer Mrs. Marion Ladd Mr. George Brett Schneider St. Louis Horticultural Society Mr. A. Wessel Shapleigh, Jr. Mrs. Esther C. Bitting Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr. Sen. A. Clifford Jones Mrs. John K. Lilly Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw, Jr. Mr. William Sisson L. Marie Fears Mr. Chester P. Skwiot Mr. J. B. Andrews, Jr. and Mrs. Frank V. Becklean, Jr. Judith L. Canoy Charles L. Crane Agency Company Mr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Daley Kenneth R. Diel Donco Construction Inc. Mrs. Myrtle S. Euler Mr. Ms. and Mrs. William Gorman Judith Griffin Judy A. Horbelt Mrs. Jean Kautzman Mr. and Mrs. Rhoderick W. Key Margaret LEcuyer Mr. and Mrs. D. McClain Wm. H. McGee & Co., Inc. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. and Mrs. Donald Niemeier Dennis O’Brien and Mrs. John Risberg and Mrs. J. Shepard and Mrs. Willis F. Shepard Mrs. Chester P. Skwiot Ms. Joanna M. Skwiot Mr. John E. Skwiot Walter Talley Family Mr. and Mrs. Dave Thompson Mrs. Viola Smalley Mr. and Mrs. Anton M. Kochan Mr. Marion Leonard Smith | Ms. | Mr. and Mrs. George R. Marie Nemnich Staten Mr. John W. Minton, Jr. Mrs. Fannye Stern Mr. Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Shapiro and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff Mrs. Luevenia Casey Stewart Mr. and Mrs. John H. Ward Edmonstone F. Thompson, Jr. Mr. Mr. and Mrs. P. Taylor Bryan III and Mrs. John G. Goessling Mr. Joseph H. Venegoni, Sr. | Ms. Deborrah Daher Paradowski Mr. Vincent Vento Mr. and Mrs. Clyde P. Orr Mrs. Dorothy Watro Mr. John R. Overall Mrs. E. H. Wavering Mrs. P. J. Rapp Mrs. Gerhard Weber Rose Society of Greater St. Louis St. Louis Horticultural Society Mrs. L. B. Weber Mrs. Ralph F. D’Oench Dr. Leslie F. Weber Mrs. Leslie F. Weber and Family Mr. Sidney F. Weller Mr. and Mrs. Joseph J. Gazzoli Mr. and Mrs. John Wenzel John Butler Family Mrs. Sarah W. Clark Ms. Jayne A. Helmig Mr. and Mrs. Steven C. Johnson Mr. and Mrs. Bob Kloster Mr. and Mrs. Robert Musselman, Jr. John T. Parisi Family Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Spector Richard A. Tate Family Mrs. Rose Werner Miss Karen Ashton Mrs. Anna Wiesbecher Mrs. Dorothy R. Polowick Mrs. Carol Winkelmeyer Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Krechel Margaret and Archie Wise Margaret J. Faiman and Family Mr. Reinhard Wobus Mr. and Mrs. David F. Orwig Ms. Elaine N. Toelle Susan Wolf Mr. and Mrs. Michael J. Lackey Mrs. Betty J. Woodward Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy, Jr. Mrs. Herbert C. Phillips Mrs. Rosemary Zander Yvonne Askew Stan Bailey Dennis and Michelle Biddy Kent Boncek Don and Pam Borgmeyer Dave and Carolyn Broach Carl and Vicki Brooks Dale and Sheryl Brown Robert Burton Lloyd Butler Larry and Patty Campbell Don and Marge Cloninger Marcia Daab Bob Dickenson L. Englehardt Robert Eniesacher Bill and Dee Farris Billy and Patricia Flahart Pete Fleis Thomas Golshahr Rick Gruebbel Kenneth and Bernice Halbrook A. O. Harris Larry Hodges Ray Holthausen Virgil and Carol Huber Terry and Debby Hutton Julie and Mike Jordan Dave Julian Steve Kamer Jerry and Carol Keilholz Daniel King Bob Kirk Joseph R. Kitson John and Debbie Kramer Glenn and Mary Longhibler Charles Lycans Douglas Main Jerry and Terry Mayo Tim Meyers Doak and Brenda Mitchell JoAnn Montgomery Russ and Hazel Moore Richard and Alyce Muehlhauser Joseph Naggi Howard Neal Thomas and Ruth Newman Jack Nuckolls Charles Pfeil Jim Prasuhn Robert Ramaesiri James Reichardt Dan and Mary Schmidt Scott Sieveking R. Stange Ray and Karen Stetina Dave and Kathy Stokes Burl Thomas Tom Trayley Glenn and Sally Woodard Donald Woodward R. Zintel Mr. Fred Ziemann Mr. H. James Hoeferlin Mr. Tom Zotos Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Cassimatis Board of Trustees Mr. John H. Biggs President Mr. Joseph H. Bascom Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. Mr. Gerald D. Blatherwick Mr. Stephen F. Brauer Mr. William H. T. Bush Mr. Jules D. Campbell Dr. William H. Danforth Mr. Robert R. Hermann Rt. Rev. William A. Jones, Jr. Mr. David W. Kemper Mr. Charles F. Knight Mr. Robert E. Kresko Mr. William E. Maritz Mr. James S. McDonnell III Mr. Lucius B. Morse III Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Mrs. Vernon W. Piper Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross Dr. Howard A. Schneiderman The Hon. Vincent C. Schoemehl, Jr. Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink Mrs. Walter G. Stern Dr. Joyce M. Thomas Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. O. Sage Wightman III EMERITUS TRUSTEES Mr. Howard F. Baer Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale Mr. Sam'1 C. Davis Dr. Thomas S. Hall Mr. Henry Hitchcock Mrs. Anne L. Lehmann Mr. Joseph F. Ruwitch Mr. Louis S. Sachs Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh Mr. Robert Brookings Smith Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. Mrs. Harriet Spoehrer Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. MEMBERS’ BOARD Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky President Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp First vice president Ms. Elaine A. Alexander Second vice president Mrs. Robert P. Elsperman Secretary Mr. Frederick H. Atwood III Treasurer DIRECTOR Dr. Peter H. Raven H°OeLeI*D:A*Y = FeAsNeTeAcsey The holidays are a special time at the Garden, and this year marks the return of our popular holiday flower show in Orthwein Floral Display Hall. Lavishly decorated with poinsettias, the show creates a whimsical wonderland of holiday delights, including a gingerbread house, Santa’s sleigh, a Nutcracker, candyland, and a variety of animated figures. Join us for a very special preview party on Thursday evening, December 8, for Members only, sponsored by The Daniel and Henry Co. Watch your mail for details. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN (ISSN-0026-6507) P.O. Box 299 Saint Louis, Missount 63166 Don’t miss any of the exciting holiday events at the Garden! See Calendar of Events, pages 14-15. SECOND CLASS POSTAGE PAID AT ST. LOUIS, MO