Se te Vox. -I 15,1906 —=—sSuppemenr ITI THE PHILIPPINE | JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDITED BY PAUL C. FREER, M. D., Pu. D. a CO-EDITORS RICHARD P. STRONG, Pu. B., M. D. | H. D. McCASKEY, B. S. ‘ E. D. MERRILL, M. S. PUBLISHED BY THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS _ MANILA BUREAU OF PRINTING 1906 Aa Some ie 4 WRAP Bie et ote : ‘PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. ae 2 4 = 4 ippine apie a Disease Clinically Resembling Glanders. By R: P. Strong, M.D. No. 902, Chemical Laboratory.—The Preparation of Bensovi- -Acetyl Peroxide and Its Use as. eas ek pallogys in Cholera and Dysentery. Preliminary Notes.¢; By Paul reer, M. No, 3, 1903, “Bioro ical Le@borator .—A Preliminary Report on Trypanosomiasts of Horses in the Philippine Islands. y Ww. Musgrave, M, and Norman Williamson. No. » Serum Lab atory.—Pr iminary Report on the Stud of Cattle and Cara- baos in the Philippine st bab By Ja W. Jobli M. Dz. No. 1, 1902, Doogie Aeris —Preliminary ee of the Appearance in the Phil- No. 5, 1903, Biological Laboratory. Trypanosoma and Trypanosbmiasis, with Special Bsterence to Surra in the E. Musgrave, ; M. D., and Moses T. Cle = ae 6, 19038.—New or Noteworthy Plants, I. The American Blement in the Philippine Flora. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. (Issued January 20, 1904.) + No, 7, 1903, Chemical Laboratory. —The Gutta Percha and Rubber of the Philippine Islands. By Penoy er L. Sherman, jr., Ph..D. No. 8, 1903. mat Dictionary of the Plant: Nance of the Philippine Islands. By Elmer D. ere Botanist. . 9, 1903, Biological and Serum Laboratories — eg on Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Animale in the Philippine Islands. _ By Paul G. Woolley, M. D., and J. W. Jobling, M. D. No. 10, 1903;-Biological Laboyatory.—Two Cases of a Peculiar Form of Hand Infection Eat gtk to e gi, ea Se oe be) the Koch-Weeks Bacillus). By John R. McDill, M. D., an No. il, F908, Rinjowicat Laboratory. —Hntomological Division, Bulletin No. 1: Prelimi- nary Bulletin on Insects of the Cacao. (Prepared Especially for the Benefit of Farmers. ) By Charles S. Banks, Entomologist. No. -12, 1903, Biological Laboratory.—Report on Some Pulmonary Lesions. Produced by the Bacillus of Hemorrha Septicemia of Carabaos. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D. No. 18, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—A Fatal Infection by a Hitherto Undescribed : Chromogenic Bacterium : cillus Aureus Foetidus. By Maximilian Herzog, M. D. No. 14, 1904.— Serum Laboratory. Texas Fever inthe Philippine Islands Ta the Far hilippine Islands. By East. By J. Ws Jobling, D., and Paul G. Woolley, M. D.. Biolegical Laboratory: Entomological Division, Bulletin No. 2: The Australi Pick ( Boophilas Australis Fuller) — in the mee Hoge Islands, By Charles §. Banks, Hn ologist 4 No. 15, 1904, Biological_and Serum Laboratories.—Report ‘on Bacillus Violaceus Ma- nile: A Pathogenic Micro-Organism. By: Paul G. Woolley, M. D. No. 16, 1904, Biological.Laboratory. ice we Taocuiation Against Asiatic Cholera: An Experimental Study. By Richard P*Stron dD. No. 17, 1904.—New or Noteworthy Philippine pes , II. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. 18, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—I. Amebas: Their Cultivation and Etiologic Sig- nificance. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Moses T.: “Clegg. II. The Treatment 2 Intes- tinal Amebiasis (Amebic Dysentery) in the Tropics: By W. BH. Musgrave, M. No. 19, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Some Observations on the Biology of the Pchelebe Spirillum. By W. B. Wherry, M. D. No. 20, 1904.—Biological Laboratory: I. Does Latent or Dormant ag ge! Exist Where the Disease is Endemic? By Maximilian: Herzog, M. D., and Charles B. Hare. Serum Laborator Il. ESE ig mately ag 47 of Cattle: Its. Association with B. Bovisepticus. By Paul “Woolley, M . D., and Walter Sorrell, D. V: 8. III. Pinto (Pafio Blanco). By Paul G. Woolley, M.D. Chemical Laboratory: IV. Notes on “Analysis of the Water from the Manila Water Supply. By Charles L. Bliss, M. 8.. Serum Laboratory: V. Frambeesia : Its Occurrence in Natives in the Philippine Islands. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D. No. 21, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Some Questions Relating to the Virulence of — Organisms with Particular Reference to Their Immunizing Powers. By Richard rong, M. No. 22, 1904, Bureau of Government Laboratories. —I. A Description of the New —— ings of the Bureau of Government Laboratories. By Paul C. Freer, M Ph. D. ee ee of the Library ‘of the Bureau of Government Laboratories. “By Mary Baie rarian No, 23, 1904, Biological fos cb ok .—Plague: Bacteriology, Morbid pepe and His- topathology cio, ae a Consideration of Insects ag Plague Carriers). y Maximilian erzog, M No. 24, 1904; Biological Laboratory. —-Glanders : Its:Diagnosis and Prevention “(Together with a Report on Two Cases of Human Glanders ‘Oce ring in Manila and Some Notes on oe Bacteriology and Polymorphism of Bacterium *Mallei). By William B. Wherry, . dD. enn ee 1904—Birds trom the Islands of Rombion! Sibuyan, and Cresta de Gallo. By Richard C, McGregor. No. 26, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—The Clinical and Pathological Significance of ‘Balantidium Coli. By Richard P. Strong, D. No. 27, 1904.—A Review of the Identification of the Species Described in Blanco’s Flora de Pilipinas. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. , 1904.—I. The Polypodiaces of the Philippine Islands. II, Edible Philippine Fungi” aby Edwin B. Copeland, Ph. : 1904,.—I.. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, HicTh The Source of Manila Elemi. — Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. 30, 1905, Chemical Laboratory. "—I. Autocatalytic Decomposition of Silver Oxide. IT, ydration in Solution. By Gilbert N. Lewis, Ph. D. $1, 5; Biological ‘Laboratory. ——I, Notes on a Case of Hematochyluria (Together 378 mabrelia TION; ...4..30022038,53- 342 mania “ROXZD. -..<004, 00sec. . 348 MRINMMNE SE ROU RIO 052 ooo Jot. oop csc ope st dace=5-0kac% 70 philippinensis Merry... 2...¢-22-6... 70 SEMINAR, = EIAs na tkgsascdeiedsusacadcccuc8sceesen--> 242 Pe MOTT: 05. cs soto. Sodeseshogs navedys 242 Aizoaceze 52 Alangium Lam. ............... Neieepaii tn ps ae ee 111 GES 9 gece eel os = aaa TE Sy ye ae eo: | ee ee eae ae 62 lebbekoides Benth. .....................- 62 ec: eal "14 4 eee eee ai aCe ets 62 mgt a) lo Pee en a ae le ae Aa 62 Mighornes: - Wye devisiesatectecs/s... 0. ieee 80 TAVORGIO Buell. ATe} -..5.2..-62.2.0..045 80 OR och SR oe ee 236 cw C6 Ae. A a ea 236 IGG THOM UN, sccsstisi hinds. -0.c00050 520.000 236 ea ae 182 fapontee Lamb. «.c-5--.-<--205-5 dscns 182 WUIOGIA /VONOD: 5222. 2.5255 3a 182 TS i a a ee OP 43 Temontane P= Vill. :< . seons can lan kicesues 43 Wilaphylus: sing, -:.-...-.-:.-..- 86 aumnorphiia:“Radlic;: 2 .2..545..022-.-0-s- 86 PRI SenR REDS Sa oe coos dpa ndeceensenss 86 Alloteropsis distachya Presl...............- 367 Alocasia Schott. ................ ccodestien soe 33 miacrorpmies « Schott: :..-.2.5 :25-2- 33 UIE CHONG, © ao: 0023.62, Boevsne scene 33 OO ESS COS, a ed x 37 Dreviisoris:.; Preels.:.: 2222-02-23. 37 SD OGIRING Ra OIRS 5 6 5e5 a. 5c- Skee ceceeneace 37 potlinpinensis: “Ridl.\.....:..0;..0....:.. 37 MESES ee oe ee 22,143 Se, NS Det oe 22,144 Glemontis~,Copel. ...c..........0..idtie 143 contaminans Wall, -.....-2...2..0..00 22 SEE SAUD igh ae oe a aa eee 116 ae ol: ee 116 ONES) Wan) uae ©) aie ee ae 116 | faNl febig tS. (oe a ae 293 MRROYE IONS 5 535-5 3262 one 52-2. enone 293 mivecicarpue “Meeks <2:2-:.:.........-<.-5...26 65 yt A: 0 | a gee eae eee ee 65 eR Oi nc. Ss vip nceecen ce seud cube 117 Tete eewetry VIGC «;.....-200--.ccecclelewoves LAT PRGMRORTRUS -DlUMG....-.-.....2655.c.cccc0ess 136 pubescens Blume.............. bG caevers 136 Amarantacee 51 Amaryllidacez 85 | Amblyanthopsis Mez........................ Leg 274 philippinensis Mez......................-- 274 | SSE ARNE EIR, . ietacusibaauncovaSectacel 36 elegans Rid. ..... - 36 Son SS ae pe 72 | mnerisanae -Meryr, .:........-ciecoter-paoees Mb mmnieiamantS; IDO. ....5...0ssceeccessee 72 | lepidota. Merr. .............--- an 73 macrocarpa: Merr. -:....:..2....2......... 72 | II Page Amorphophallus Blume.....................--- 33 campanulatus Blume..............--.... 33 Amylotheca cumingti Van Tiegh. -..... 188 Anscardiaces. «.:......gic500 ees 84 Ananerdlim: Gain. sacs. tccapesarpeteecscesret 84 occiientele,. Lain; <. 25. oecc20 ac ..0e ce 84 Anbiyties “oleae? ater sess eh 52 Lcgocmlus: W..-~@ GAs «.-<.-2- Peo tis escaeewss 132 philippinensis Ay DGr oi... 112 racemoso-panniculata Mez.......... ys ae saligns Meee ee ee 112 whitfordil- Me@gii5 esciss sige .tesussecc000 ype Areca: Taint ee 32 catecht)> Bann ee. ooo ees 32 Aripebenniire Siete ete 2 noo cent <5 sate 128 NeGHIAaN til Wh ade es. 128 Arisaenia Watt se cia acceast ens cest 33 CUMAN TAL CMO le carte tatnngatasavecc» Gageale “Clana Caeser ee ak awe 51 Aristoloeiilacess: 62. 2002 ees sedew anatase. 51 Artabotrys Ble eee 54 cumingian Ves ke ee 54 POlfOL - Ae Msee eateries as cnp ow anlsdat in sors 54 Arthraxon7 eens. ss 265, 332 Pan fe eS FY ane 333 Inne@eserartttOCkK...:........-.-..5 265, 333 Peg RL SER as nee oenpre ee 265, 333 quartinianwue Hack, .---.....:...-<.-- 265, 333 microphyllus Hochst. ................ 333 microphyllus genuinus Hack. .... 265 Artocarpus” -WeeGtris-..:-:-.-.--> wasebanens pads 43 Cumingiana TVOC. 2.-.2..:-2i-saceeeee 43 communis Worgt...2--2 3 Se aoamn 43 ANCIAL. 6 Lo. hc kegece eee ee 43 integritolia Tis Boise ee tenes 43 FANCCOIALE:. TOG. et. es 43 rubrovenia War»b. ....:.-..:--..---:c:-s 43 xanthocarpa Merr. ..............-- a 43 Andropogon productus Regel.............. 326 propinguue Kiuinth......:............-..0. 336 ramosus.~ BIANCO:..............2..02--..2.84 330 PERT UB ONE eG. oes so och -paenseeeovaare 331 POEMS EGR 9. 2.5 csacsckeataenctvcneas 831 rottoboelloides Steud. ...........-...... 328 schoenanthus Linn -2...n.cs.e- 339 Se 7etuin: Bteud, sscsciiscwcsesceedavedions 330 Sericeus R. Br. ..... TNE att hs Dike 338 dig et BE) ce ee 337 serratus nitidus Hack. ................ S37 Priva Avi hii Sal oy 42, els a 336 aquarrostis: Ean, fo oc. .c55..5...... 5008 337 Subutaiie a resls.-.:................2-2..06.- 338 Samet seOen, ...--_...........-.----.-225- 340 Pentiiculte Sreud. ................:-.......- 338 aS CoS SS 51 a ee 338 Androscepia gigantea Brongn. ............ 340 TO a AS 0) 22 tg ee Gh an 22 FG eh Go gel a gl 6 yen ay 122 pated fer ptgd Ficod 0 "hid On ez Pe Sal Weise! 64 aectpao- tp P42 Anisoptere: Teer ee. -...-..0.0.5.--.05.08 97 Vidalia —terexmis.-2..:..:.....-....-.2. 97 Anodendron ae 2s. 2......-. Rote tet. it ska bY § paiicuiecem A. DC.”.................... AAT PS i a 53, 190 Anthistiria arundinacea Rolfe............ 341 eo irr aie 20). 1) 340 depauperata Anders. ...............-...- 340 eee CRY, .-.-----.-.--..-2-.-.-2-----s- 340 imberbis Retz. ............2..-2200-220--00-- 340 OMAR TOG S. ooo cc.--.....5sceecesswscacbbes 339 WRC STADIA OLS 88. ooo nnass so ancien 3841 ADpAuieeo ANE 2-0... 178, 372 cS AMPNCTIRNTERUMIARL. oc-s0ccascv--20-------------- 341 luzoniense Merr. ...............-....-- 178; 302 A TUIQOMIR a atMals .2.0..>...-.,-.......---.------.-- ret i OPOUG. ..............---.--------- yard Co OS Oy Se ae eee hs ghesembilla Gaertn. ...................- 78 Pyare cl f Ue ahs 1 Male ig 8 Ben eee Ts TUCSOMEN. Wi ea nse os. 5s-2<---2-5- 78 ADtHOCErOS: Dail ac ee se 2-20 Sess sese. sak grande Angatr. ..-....-..-.---.---2----..-- pba Antrophyum Kaul. ..................-.....-- 19, 157 | JP val oc) b6) br 7 My v) Clee eee eer eee 157 Petacuintum Kaulf. <..22.2.2..2.22-22.2.. 19 wonernnine Planch, -........--:-<-:-c6:--<.-.2 42 philippinensis Planch. ................ 42 Apiospora montagnei Sace. ..........--.... 279 NT SE, 332 og Loe eae th 1s Pa Saar 832 RTETINSIVETWE 29 BU oo eescae et apapssseaxsecnse 332 ST a ea, ee 332 PRPC RE | SAMENED, .2.0052....:.soscn.seee ees. 67 aristulatum sphagnicolum Copel. 253 gensitivum. DC. 4652.2... ewes... 67 hyalostegium Copel. .................... 259 | Bistteie. Bl. ......:... et. nceeee 78 philippinense Christ 254 Rrirotiata Hook. f.2..2. teu 78 Auerswaldia Sace. ................... 57H | Wika! Tih, <:....5;..5...s eee se 98 Pen intetis Bai seo sics cs co. on -s00 04 279 | orellana. Linh. -Sigeee te t.t........ P 98 TEER E EE sate sso ono - 1s bssb euevegvyrpsasesee BBS: | Bikagage: s..0...5 ccc meee i teet kncssrse- 98 auricula Underw. ........................ 990] Blechnum, Lind: ...<..2e sas 2 =. 18, 152 DIPPIIOG: TUMMINe . 2.2... 0.-.-...-..0---eecececnpecnes 68 orientale ‘Litin. oan... 18 TS gl 0 i a a 68 | patersoni majus Copel. ..... Sey 152 I Si ccc kah soc orca ts ee ceeivstscece 375 | Blechum P: Br.’ .....:/. get eee 125 et a 376 | brownel JUSS). .cQ eee oan 0 Spe se eae 376 | Blumea:. ‘DO. ..:..35.4.. ee eae 139 RPO Fe ENS os sb Gos Seeder csyene se am 376 | balsam ifera, : DiC 2g tics-cstemsespoves+s 139 Py See ee ae a 376 | lacerd Ga : 139 Sn EER 0 SSR a a 122 | Boehméris Tate. 2. ee es. 49 MNCrOAIAG LAN, =. <2... -<-ccdedic.ccss-.-s 122 Ditumei '. Wed. grape chai ostecks 2 49 0 Oe a 367 | Boletus tucidus: Leyea..2....... 287 Boniatacus. Took. “f. 2... ..2ca........ 367 sanodineua inti... cas ie.s. 2:05 kareena 92 Cee! RNS. 6cispeitcconsaseas Aveta 92 wenlaparicuny TG aoc sgt esha. ae 92 SY | ie gag] © Teale cet apa an a 124 brachtata la GO)... 3. eat. 124 Borraginaces Bothriospermum Bunge.....................- 228 tenell uta cee Oe. 6.22... 2cc2....0.50.-55 228 | Bouteloua barbata Lag. ...................-.- 380 | curtipendula Torr. ...............2...-.. 380 | CT ge ee Se 380 OTIS NN MDD, (52, ecrsccnccecsesesenscsss 380 Brachypodium Beauv. ...................- 269, 387 silvaticum asperum Hack....... 269, 387 silvaticum luzoniense Hack. . 269, 387 oo Se ki 75 acuminata Muell. ...............0........ 76 (rey t li i i ie 75 Bridelia Winds. -:..... esa tatat 78 PUREE Sg Os it abe i 78 tomentosa lancaefolia Muell. ...... 78 gyi ht.” iy ae ee 33 Poiuieek!) Oe 1) RSS 386 tuzoniensis Pregl: ..............0..00..0. 387 OSUDMINE A ERNOMUN Fee 2 2 <8... cs coa sdecess 386 paucmorne Wack. ........................ 386 Sn 0G | Se a 70 Pupemiensis. Vid. ...................-..-... 70 membranacea Merr. ........ ee ae 70 Ss ees 102 memnmorrniza Lam. _...c:ic Planch. ...................... 50 (ReUlBOGtNes “DW. .....2.2:....c..cc 18 Termoee Tomull:. -c...--...<.-2.... 18 WOTTON (Wi oo. -=<:------- anno eee = 18 Sueivopeura Propi...-._.....-...-..-...s-cs.--< 21 Sy Rn S| wisees 21 Gatonschne A. Br.................. Pee. 263, 320 TENS IST’, "2... <....c00-ceecagaleaveuas 320 MUU IU. FLACK. 2... 0c sckcctvesesaced 263, 320 DSN os = 2-2 >< sa devovscxceeeeieesoin T2 cumingianus Harms. ................-- 12 TP OD IU “ELATINIGs < 22... 2, -25->--s 72 POLO RDOURIUG TUTCS.. i ccsscsch. 00s. 12 Ue LCS esc a, 40 Chlorahthus. ....52s2..... eee en eae brachyetachyus Bi-witic:..... OmMainalia Bl. .....t6e: 23a: | CPIOC MIO > 22.<: 00505-0505 ee ee Chloris.” Sw; ......:.:a<:. “parbata Sw. ... cos OPEMALO. LUA. cecchcccceetesscce dot eee gs dolichostachya. Lag. ..-:..........2..... injidta .. Taleo, . tosis eee. :< longifolia Steud. ..................-0....- radiata Sw. .......<.2. Deidre Ph bee rhachttricha . Stetid.-<.2c2.cc.i::. rufescaena “LOR cette... tener: Seribn......ccecceeens..: truncata R.. Br. oS es. Chondrosium simplex Kunth..... Christiopteris Copel. ..........:...... sagittea: Copel: ::.. cites cccckat oes fay - 20,3 Chrysopogon aciculatus Trin. ............ be parviflorus spicigerus Benth. .... subttlatus Mid. .:41.560..44/45:.5.3 tener. INGA. :..;... 52> jee wilonules. VIG. -:S55. Wik See vipiascens ‘Trin: 2.0.23... i Ua eee Cinna filiformis Lianos...................... Cinnamomivnm «ls 2. sees A atic. Marengo! Vid... Uta: - Cintractia.. Cormit...:.. 725.22. ieee as Aticoia . Cornu. -j22.. scenes Cissampsion. LIOn. 2. 305. pareira Linn. . Cissus Linn. .......... adtlonta... Plavich. sine ics... gentouiata Bl. ..22.5 sie... Japon "WHI. :iiag ccigerechensnen ce Tepene: Lisi. See et oe Shen TOSUIALE. ROPeh. 42-4 SF .dickke.. MSO SORTA... i ceenceennse 3A myetrix . DC... ..... gee eke: GCladederris Pers. .....ceenchs eden Weumel.. bevy, ..--+.. ALOR IOAD wai) Ui ap «=~ dicksadonusyantheeenens 79, elomeerum Merrs.i3:-5.bateas-. purpureum Merr. ............ itll rubescens meyenianum Muell. .. rubescens oblanceolatum Merr. .. ASEMAMOIEA, «TOUTING, «..0+co<,decees~andencwneakeee sb anisum-olens Merr. ...............-..-- warburou. Perk... oo a...c--- Clavaria:- Vall. ........ 22 is.S cakes hyponylon Linn. i250 ci... Burowlus: Berk. =: kick en (Giotgougvenms. 31, ....2..:. 36 IIIT oon, csa-s2s0s--200-ce--2cn-00ssdo~ 34 OS: Se a ~ See 34 Grestatea RA. & S§:.......: fe EE 34 ES SS: | ee i 34 gS Se ccawen 22 Ovatnes. J. Sim. ..............- BREN A 22, 144, 251 Dememne, AODOL. .....-.s....2.-..:--.c-1: 1 22, eat ES ee ee 144 Spimnata Copel. ...............-..--..00- 251 iyecnocalyx Champ. ................ 55 miomosus Moers: -c..2.52.26.2:5....- ee 55 ESET TS So, 51 co RI 2 | os a 51 Oyetous Faller. ....0....:.............. 292 maameegnel TUl..................... ps 292 a a 24 a 24 SES 2 24 Ma 52 Cyclostemon Blume..................... fone 76 ple TS a a 76 me ES | er 76 mucropnyiiuse Merv. ...................... 76 monospermus Merv. .........2......2... 76 cE ae ae 39 MUMIARP TATU SOW. 5-020. scececoonccecetesea-s 39 Cymbopogon nardus hamatulus Ren- Nae Ea RI ae + ee 339 Schoenanthus Spreng. .................- 339 x (ae oes ee, — is Fi Pore ee if By x 1 : ea ; ie 2 Re i | Pee eo el ee a ee se , a al li Vill Page. i PE SS See els oiler ROPE ET Se IPS 28,377 Dendrocalamus flagellifer F.-Vill. .... BPOUGTUR SPOOL 207205 45260--2305s50008 .- 28,377 | giganteus Munro MNOC POON CE UW e v2 oo puss. 120 DumtfOlia RoxDiiscsetscassterese-ts2-.+:-- 120 microphylla. [amuee fay. >. ......-- 120 philippinensisiea nO. ..:....:..2:.... 120 Ehrhartia stipoides Labill. ................ 371 OE a ee A101 Blaeagnus Linn. ......:......... 101 ROMMU EGATATN Soong occ sqntakvacuveasougs- 101 IIIB oan canisn---seckaekasoedadnns 90 feemenonrnus. -Tilnn. ....:..........5-ccce-oc0ch-s- 90 EO OO. 5-dnsenubesbals— 90 nes GOATtH; ........-----cacceccerzs 90 Elaphoglossum Schott. .................... 21, 166 callaefolium Moore...................--- 166 mamrorme~ Schott........................- 21 Oe, OTS, .......----0----:--------200-- 48 fjongifolium Wedd. .......:...........--- 48 | sessile brongniartianum Wedd. .. 48 MPRUSLPOTUNT MBIT. o.. anos =n cndnarssapae 48 Peeomemconues. Tuinns. .<2...-...-.-2-<<+.---- 138 Ol S) EL... Be. Bon scccs Se 138 SESE 6 RE a 139 SeeeeMe SUSE, j)-..-....-...--..:..<0:-s0-- 139 RMEINMECAAMRCIN, 5... 5..-:-------.2--------2-s0e0 29, 378 magniidod Desf, ........,...-.-2-----.---- 379 TE WL 6 oo ninns ono -acsenesncenenaa=- 378 SerOmes GrASTtD, .........2.--...2.-.-s<<- 379 SUSMOUACAOTEL, <..........-..-n:0--cacsseee 29, 378 mucronata Llanos 877 polwdactyla Steud. ..............--..------ 379 mermoulata Roxb. ...............-.-....: 379 Pree SEATS, -...--.----.5------222-0- be 285 pommees. MUTT. ....-.-...-..-.2<... 285 ritommonus. LL00Kk. f. ..........-..------ re 61 a0: EES ee sence ep oe 61 Ellisiophyllum Maxim. ...................-...- 228 PMR IA RXIMN,...--<-.......-..40sarrs0n2- 228 Re ag » ie =. oF eee ve Mtb) io ae alas ai Pe PE ht ef ae ee ai) # X Page. | Page. MURR ORSI GS Bg ics orn cco gerada j= nstedstave seaser 50 Eriobotrya Lindl. ...... get eee 60 Bmpullgcea. “Wngl, .-3.......-4.-:.-<<9-- 50 ambieua Morr. -ccseccssctececisgeassvceses- 104 pi tate IAW Rte ec, ck 384 | densinervia Merr. ..............---- 105 elongatula: . Steud, .....:....-.:.--.--...: 384 | glaucicalyz Mert. \scaies.. .5 105 elongata Jacq. ........-...-2--.000--0---- 384 | jambolana: Lames ea. 2 t.....-.- 105 eee gy tt 0 || a 383. javanica Lam. ?..............-..-...--- 105 jansrlen Trin eta... 384 leptantha Wight -....-............ 105 Tastoclada- Mer. -cccaccscvss--cesveseatee.: 382 luzonensis Merr. ...............-...----- 105 luzoniensis Steud. ..............2.0.------ 384 marivelesensis Merr. .................. 106 major NE ee a 385 mimica BROCE. . St rapaetess Per aeds ace 212 megastachya Link. ... 385 perpallida MOTT. oe ater s--- =. 106 minutiflora Presl 383 Fomeru: Mert. 22-Scaen- reacts 106 DAMM RADI. ccavaicicntecsashelentewe- 383 similis Mer. ............--2::0:cs:-0+-+-- 106 polymorpha R. Br. .......-.....-----+--- 384 watordit Meri. 3.2 e...,:..-- 107 -spartinoides Steud. ...................... 385 | Eulalia argentea Brongn. .............----- 325 Oe ae “a 383 Gaorta 0. Kt. 2a. aieea.-.<- 325 tenella viscosa Stapf. ..............-.-- 388 flue 0. Ktz. «2.02.02... ceases ot Se tenuissima Schrad. ...........-..----.--- 884 Aprende: GO? Keir 2eiaecnasci.:s---- 325 unioloides Nees.................----.00--- 384 Sepontiog Trin, . 2... -:.scecmedine-s~-73 323 ee FU WATE nc. sc arsedecduns teas 383 seem (Os StS, se eee. -e 326 zeylanica Nees 384 guadrinervis O. Ktg.. ........:,-..------ 325 Wren therdiiin Loititiy220c-.-2--------<20---.+--00- 126 tenuis O. Kitz. .257- i tes Se bicolor Schrank. .....................-.--- 126 trigtachya Oo HRS... nies ----- 325 SD gt ato!) $20 |. MIUDHOPDIACem@ =. -..-.--see tee ssptee ess. 74, 203 MEAIB DGH1 GG -- BURG; cccnswesnes olevcoi st. -lackenvenes 984 | Huphorbia. Linn, %....2¢bt-s..------- 83 Ciliaris Merr. ........:...-... 331 Thiiifera- Linnsks -s---+-—- 83 leeratoides Hack. .......2..-iislnAine Soi} Bophorin. Comm, ....225..050.... ay EE EY: | MPS nine ee Set fest 39 qimerca -Badlk. 222 4a 87 gracilliscaposa Rolfe...................- 39 | Euphrasia Linn. ............... Bie > aaa 236 SEND, ReATA cn rocmedyttica agg atetcteee 39 barnconsis: Stapl. .....4.e.~—- 236 Ericacex Bore TD: ..........conpch--csmesddaeieaeeastaets 95 SES TR SS Ae = aR EP 375 acuminata euprista Dyer............ 95 oractlts. Brongn. «.....-.-.:::-.----:.--2: 376 | Eutriana barbata Kunth...............-..-- 380 ee ER ATRE hen pcoctescpicseceeso 300 376 Ourtipendiia Trin. ..-..-.<.-.......... 380 triseta Nees $76. | Hutypa Tile kn owt ee --—- 279 PATUB NE RUG . sei esciescesoress-.. 324 parbosae V. Hohnel. ...............-.--- 279 Sreitamie Meuse.) .3-:..--.< 222-2. 325 | bambusina. P.. @ oa ai.s.c<-m--2--- 279 > = Page. WV ddlin - one nese toncddes eck ewes Saites 68 eg CB Ce WO 1 Oc) Oe ecg ene ieee See 68 POGUBS: 1 ROPE ACs ence tts Kase 68 iiphpiee. Glo esc te 68 Hexcooea rite Mpmi. oo ada isc k 82 agallochs... Tainn. 2..5.5.00<.. a 82 philippinensis.” -Merr.:....252501.. 82 Liye PO IY 3 «PRR a OCT a 68 integrifoliola Merr. -......... 68 Fagaces 41 Paenaa: . TRG. oc ta. steeds cus... os 11¢ ODO VRE IV Be ep best nninns -cs2---- 220 i BAGG PGES Co) OE "SL ONS 286 apiarius Ricker ask 286 OS 4 Oe) ay a 286 COU OSS BP A 287 hispidulus B. & C. ...................... 287 philippinensis Sacc. .................... 287 SS 286 oN) eg fo) Sa 294 tem tiis BAS er ic 286 ‘wightll Tickers ss toc. 2... 286 Festuca [eC iapmiie ye -..--------- 381 PAUCTLOTS FRUID, -ccrccnererecneesnseze5- 386 Festucez oT Fe a Re 380 Perey et at I 43,183 AMCs Harn. —.:.<....:...-. escexsvaee 45 PATTON Bik gE etek aon cans nae +- 4-5 Hee 183 bataanensis. Mery, -........:.--......-- 46 DAT RGR CMOT TS ance inesssacerero tle 43 benjamina Linn. ...... 46 morvcenth Merr. ...............0:2:isceeeee 46 eanlocarpa Mid. ......:.:.2..23" 46 ebrysolepia Mid, ...... ae 81 Ppt te hcl. a : 81 SE RIN eo na cescecusaapagicns 98 PORIRUA PREOIT oon 582 sc sctanes 98 free Nyc at 2 ee Tir rai ae OR a ee aa 387 Hordeum sativum Linn. .................-...- 388 ERGPRIOHANEL VE LEMS < cast ccettacceetudsoxcgevcaganl 55 ardisiifolia Warb. .. 55 V3 i 4: ER ° 5 a a ee ae an eee ear Se 119, 301 bilobata Schltr. .......-...:.------csaameae 301 benguetensis Schltr. .................... 301 Dordenti Schitr. ....:.:....:..4.i.ssee 3802 cumingiana Dene. .. F 119 Luzonica Schitr. ........-.-.-ic.0ee 119 moceregoril Schitr. .......-:s eee 302 mindorensis. Schitr. ...23..: 303 multiflora Blume 119 odorata Schltr. ...... 303 ERNIE oo = Ss accu enpdaieeaceokinee 16, 147 mamineti: Copel. .......-.0:..c-:.-2o-amee 16 immersa nana Copel. ..............-.-- 147 parvula. J. Smo 2 PE ere 147 repens J. Sm. 16 Biya Telnet 284 webli Berk: ......:...+-tsc4-seueeeee 284 Hydrangea Linn. 59 lobbiH- Maxim. ...........5 ee 59 Hydrocotyle: binn: el 110 astatios “Binh ie co oe 110 rotundifolia: Hian. tn 110 Hydrophytaces. ....c8 cae. -cees 228 Hymenachne indica Buse...................- 357 Hymenotepis:-Kautt, on eo. - 19 BRISA Pe er ee 19 Hy me@mophy aCe oe secensncatses cinc-- as 13 Hymenophylium ' Lita; —.--...-c2..-....2.. 14 multifidum Sw. - 14 smithii Hook. . aa dak i 14 ITymenospermum detitatur Benth. ate 236 Hy pecrea -Weriegs n.uteedee a eee 279 peltata. -Snec: eee 279 Hypolepis~ Bernn. . nee 18 tenuifolis Barn... cmon ee 18 Hypoestes (R.Br. et 126, 247 acutior Clarke 247 cinerea Clarke 126 palawanensis Clarke.................... 247 subcapitata, Clarke.3.....-.-...- 126 Hypolytrum Rich. . a 29 compactum Nees et Mey. . abt 29 latifolisims 227 Ge Beledy .-:.--2--:--0-- 30 Hypopteris “"SGiei..sememer nln 279 aplospora ROW Mimeccncesccsetsecacs-cnas-ns.- 279 Hyposxis spicata Thiimnb, --...................- 182 Hypomylon. “Filtre occ 280 annulatum depressum Welw. & GUY} 5. .cccscecenncphterutbeeetesiaesss a4 teh rt 280 coenopus Mont. =. cee at: 280 rubiginosum. Eicon 280 Hyptis Jacd...::...-:csssseeeeeet Bie 122 brevipes POir. oj. cike nora. sits vanen sete 122 SPicigere— THA 25 c--.ose-csicnassennco- 122 SUA VODIOUMM: File saa ceccenn cease ana 123 ; i a 86 PGReETON US. -DOAUY, .....:..........-..-cece-se0 27, 363 SRS ODEO... 2... 2 tncsassenscesese 27, 363 bites Ep. IBY. -...:.............---<--.--0he 118 ESET I 1 6 118 Illigera_ Bl.. apa Se 58 ; Susonensis Mace i ea 58 CU ES 113 PROV S, MOrr’. 5.5 - tes, oocscnceconacés 113 PME AG UD acne. ccacnainennantconstinn 26, 264, 321 Mrndimdces OFT) oo n.cccccdic-.--nncens 322 arundinacea koenigii Hack. ........ 322 cylindrica koenigii Benth. ........ 26, 322 eemitaia> Brongn. .....:.............-.. 26, 322 exaltata merrillii Hack. .......... 264, 322 me AIGGPS, og... ............ 822 Indigofera Linn. ......... 195 linifolia Retz. ... 195 be eo — 63 CE, onan scecacncsceneraneeeeee 63 Tucmoomes O. Ktz. .................... 63 Bey a 119 Does cists csanni-n---0r-n0 119 LPP Eg rn a a ae 119 Pi G0 8 ieee i ae er 120 RS LP 2 120 ~~ hie XIV Page. | Page Ipomoea obscura -Ker. ..................... a 119:| Jungermanniacem © ....02))0. ccc iss ke... 10 DMIGMIRUE, Ts? Wloka ALD | J USBMIS SDT: 5-2... sted. ceueemaNase oes 108 pes-capre Roth 120 | munruticoga Lintsic- ficken 108 umbellata orientalis Hallier_..._... 120 oF UL aS) Th oe cs laced 2 cor ceee 126, 248 RMP a TAs staescdaaat = ctecnecvisiecakecnnsscescnc 284 — genddrissa Lins <. aA... 126 TE ENE = PROPOR adc ocean c og 0emacss sc -caren 284 lozenensig Clarke..22..4..=....... 126 TNS ROO Ne so 5 Sess oes cs psiesnny those 294 | be Rae a S's ee ee ele a a 248 5 SEE ea at i ae a 293 BOM UI CRW. .,c.06i50<6nn-pctnc--s-- 293 | K. (0 re gi ORs! ane ve oe eae 27, 268, 348 | Wi nlakitien’ Amana: ee niece. 9: 59 DOHCCHOD .20GOK. 2. 2-5-5. -25-c0005--55- 27, 350 | septate DC 59 beneckei depauperata Hack. ...... 350 | pa a Ua eee. 1 RAV OR WGA, icncsnce samecavancenpeaestii sc. 97 beneckei magna Merr. ................ 350 | pentoulate Merr 97 EES Cs) Ca ae eee 268, 350 | Kibara Endl is cei al 56 debilis incrassata Hack. ........ 268, 350 p Fi LSA it B.S ans elas : ellipsoidea Merr. ..... 56 pes ua le i211 4: eee ae 27, 349 | Kleinhofia Linn 94 monticola Buse 27, 268, 350 | h it Lin EET cea esa 94 myosotis Nees 349 | —_— opie. gman Ries agretaes S>s pT I eC aie 350 Knema LOur. «.......---sssesseeeeessecsseeeeees 55 heterophylla Warb, ...................- 55 ee canner narncerenerne ined Koordersiodendron Engl 85 ST OS Ss 266, 330 < oe angustifolium Hack. ............. 331 Pinnatum Merv... 85 | Kopsia. Blume. x......tescwsceascseee ses) 117 PEPSRURUMEEL. ~ LALIEDG a es0cennaqspsioseiae 330 | arundinaceum radicans Hack. 266, 331 | longifiora MOP sec. eceseeseeeeeesseense 117 emma OT 330 ) ACY etgGhrneria. .s:....capescsvisvatniaaecwi =. 280 ET ag: Soi - oe eee aaa 330. coenopus Sace. ... 280 gibbum Trin... 330 Fy La OCC ivirs cc eornrnnas cogs cns ooecaasiss.s 30 glabratum Presl 321 monocephala Rottb. -................... 30 intermedium Brongn. .................. 331 L involutum Forst. ....................--.--- . 3869 | ; leerstotdes - Munro..................--...> 331) Dablatea jc. te cect PT pow) (hb RB 71) ae rr 266, 331 | Lachnocladium Levy. .... er gg .) DS Sea Gane a ee 331 | Lagerstroemia Linn}y2.27s:....... 101 EE SRS © CT eae an 330 | fes-regine Retz.22.2. 2 Sax... 101 mavopogow “Nees. 2:...:.....-....05-2..-..-. 331 | speciosa: Perm: ..252r,.c locus. 101. polystachyum Presl.................... 321,| Laportea:~ Gaudieh..2255- ete 48 MOO OrUNE TIN, free geccssn- 330 | crenulata Gaudliebs -:o6ai22c.... 48 rottboelloides RB. : Bri......c..0.5.0005 828 | luzonensis: Warbyiece ek. 48 UTOS WAGs eS ak ee. 330 | Lappago racemosa Honck. ................ 342 rugosum distachyum Merr. ........ 330 | Lasianthus Blume......................... Pace 135 rugosum segetum Hack. ............ 330 | Dordenit Te eh See 135 témorense: Tiunth <2. ie 331 | luctdus TOINBRc -22...-4..-. aah Fi ee. 136 urvilleanum Kunth...................... 331 | obliquinervis Merr. ............2....... 136 ee 8 a ees eee 69°) TokUTRGepe > eae ool. ae SG RES 56, 192 macrophylla Wall..-...:.2258c60% 59 | Dechhopgeenies Dire :. eee. ie es 21 NNN RAMUS sass osc 05codeaceat se ce.bs cee tease 133 Captions: (Bl. 2.2--2:.55.5. ASS Si rmeinbe Tdonis: 5.205253. 5c..siccge ote 133 Lecythidaces 102, 211 Mumsmmata. Vid. 2iic...c cdi 188 | Lecarsgaenn: ...2 eer kee eee 89 wiserouny he -Mart): 2-...22.:..2..00 188 mgphiliensia: “WelOrs.-. aco lt..:.:. 89 RA YONE MiB aside oo 2 133 philippinensis Merr. .................. 89 sambueina Willd. .2..22...002........ 89 J. Paar ti yj) esti.) a eee SeRanet te ha 28, 371 Jambosa barnesii Merv. ...................- 104 | glabverrima Trimy sateen... 371 bataanensis Merr. ...................... 104 | Hhexamedta Bw ois. Melee el 28, 371 pe TE a 105 weonenelia Pregl: 225. 23s:.::.:. Bg CRS 9 eee ELC ZS2 | Lew UWA 425 2.535 ase et eee. 61, 195 ee tL 8 | Sa ee T16 || Loni esos ee 291 imoumeenee Wide 32. 220322:225.025 Jn 222 abupriutia: ‘Berk, 2703228. 2a 294 populirelium ~ Blume.........:20..220.... 222 Baetia: Paces 5 ce... 291 apayiiam. Merr. 2... 228 | comnaive Bork: c22i0 ccm... 291 Watveihe laine ss. 81 OX TBC TE selec Rls Se 294 nae pn it 1, Ss es ae eee ee 81 | levetllel: ark: ee. ete... 294 were vennes “GMB Seas. 2S... 181 sajor-entar Sir. eee 291 melayane Tih ccs. ....:: 181 | og! a Sot) Speenee "ate ie ae 291 Ca a ge Bae ae a ny 41 | NOR SEP coca Ce cit 291 ae oS ete eS cS , fT RS ee i, tow =) ati FS aga re, xV ; Page. Lindsaya orbiculata Mett. ................ 17, 149 ODGEG, 5). Pills teeeeaais teen on adn ot ra 252 Einoctera: SiWs. cacincss Pehidtaktoanar eet 135 corlaces Vie, 225 tiawsce tht ee 115 cumingiana >: Vid, 2-2 -.4.....= oe 115 BUSOU ICA Re Vier as = 225-2 115 - pallida Merr. ............. Ee de oR 116 Pacemosa:- Mette iscsi eS. 116 Litch! Sonn-.2-22,. tae 87 Litsea, Liam. :.2cnceieiee onan. E 57 chinensta Amie cece - 57 luzonics :.'= Vite Se ee a 57 perrotictil F.=Viee ake 57 teren Merr;....n.aseene dees 57 verticillata:- Vides =....t se 56 Reylaniod: : NOOK ic iec-raccensest mons 57 Loganiacewe 116 Lomaria elongata Bi. 42... ; 152 LOMOSTRINS 5 Fes tends dcdenas nas 2e 166 pteroldes:.);, Bilieeustetetes ss... 166 Lonicera Liptscicweee ener 240 philippinensis:— Marr. ..2-----..-s:: 240 Lophatherum. Brongmiec:.....:..2.:.-......... 385 gracile.—-Sitemiiatedacisasrescsa---0ce 386 Loranthaceass xcciecsmeeietitesaosaaienestse oak 50, 184 | Loranthus Lint. cites 184 ahernianus MGR. 2.22... ise. c sare 184 Bem msLorus.: Merci sacsenten senso 185 amelie: « Morr. =~... csassenareact cs. 185 Peawann) Morit ceewtwasn 3 --.-:- 186 cumingianus Engl. ...........-........-- 187 ET CORE | ee ee 188 mindanaensis Merr. ...........-..-...-- 186 mirabilis Van Huerck et Muell. eo SEE nae ae 187 Peutapetalus Roxb. -...:..20---2-< 50 gecunaifnorus Merr. ...........-.....-- 187 memeiiorus .Meryr. .......2-. 69 amara Blanco...........-.....---- ae res 69 Serecperdon. TOUT, .:....................-.-.-- 292 toaayonse Copel. ...................-.... 292 Peeoooatum Linn, -.............--.---2-- 23 PEeLIn DOSY. ...........-.----- 23 SUC Ts ee 23 Mmmemne: EVOXDs ©... ..-.....020.222¢22.-he0. 23 phlegmaria Linn. .............. Bed 23 Sauarrosum Forst. ..-........-:.--.-:..- 23 RemeMDA P9101. ..,... 202... 55.---cceneceactae 22 OM TLUEHD GSW ........---.200--0---escbe Rae os cas sc-3.- Saanpenicav tone dade 319 macaranga Thowars...............:..50.00. 80, 205 | Mayepea pallida Mert. ........................ 116 ecobien MEMO, APE, oo c..cc25ci.c3c00 80 | Parenwes.. Maert..sc25.... adele nee 116 cumingii Muell. Arg. .................. 80 | Medinilla Gaudich. .............. pw. 107, SEE dipterocarpifolia Merr. .............. 205 | aleplitelin:. Merr.c8. cakad.:.... 107 MAGPPA~ Buell. Ares. 26.3802. 80 astronioides’. Tridna.....i4-As8.222..: 107 tanarius Muell. Atg. .......... sh 80 bolster! Merr:’ 22... e ica::.. 214 MMEMIDOM. POCO sro... occelecedesit lec livciedisasece 56 COTIMOGR” Merr. 22)... cei Geet es 107 philippinensis Nees...................... 56 dolichophylla Merr. ............00...... 214 macromitrium Brid. ...:......:........:..0.0.0 12 intermedia Blume..............0.c.00.... 107 cuspidatum Hampe..:.........2.5.:....:. 12 | meganalyx Moerl.su.t:-< ean... 108 reinwardtii Schwaegr. ........... on 12. myTianths “Moerr.c.c2 4h su :..: 215 salakanum C. Mull. .....0.............. 12 ramifiora Mer, sn ei... 108 eS Ee ee a ee ea 133; 272 teysmeann! Mig. -226.29.2557.:::. 215 hh a a | Tea ee ae ee 112 | Melasma indica Wettst. .....00.02.......... .-, 288 WOMICICUIRIA, MOS... 204. ek acs Ss 112 | Melastoma -Burm.. ....:%2.dueaelix 107 elmeri Mez ~?@It fusca. Met?..,.....citeretitn tate w+ henkeana Mez 112 polyanthim Blumes...,achents:...-. Magnoliacew ............ Pellet Lie ee a 52 | Melastomataces ...............4. Adil Mahonia_ Linn. 190 | Melincea: \.30..2000..2.., Skeets TE oS 0 Rae 190 | Melica philippinensis Llanos.... ETS CO GG 0 1: eR A 82 |: Melotgaia- Thin 2 :...26.cnckeve abenen fasciata lineariloba Gurke.......... 92 corchorifolia~ TiiMs c.ctxciess tseccks 0 93 EMERNIAS. TMOG. acc As 43 POGION A. CAF Soca on 93 OE bs ih a ae Ta ee AS. 1 MONGONE OPA, 2.2.2... arctescsscreeie cesses 69 Beet RS TAP oe a yh 79 luzonensis Engl. ................ 69 moluccanus Muell. Arg. ............ TD: | Meliogeng 3)... <.dsce.c:.:.cebeee eden eens 88 muricatus Muell. Arg. ................ 79 | Melocanna bambusoides Trin. ............ 392 philippinensis Muell. Arg. ........ Te: | waelothrem: Lilnm: 2.:.:.cte es: ip asek eee ce 1387 ~ -aplayfairil Elemst. -::.......30cik 80 mucronata Cogn..22.5 Sik... 187 repandus Muell, Arg. .................- 80 | -Memecyton Linn: 2:5... 108 ricinoides Muell. Arg. ................ 80 aMine . Mert sine. ra 108 TIE ARCOUS | ogc ia oss 0 oc. cows 73 edule ovata Clarke.............6c..1..-... 108 (SW See ek kek ee 91, 200 presiiantim ‘Trianas. 420002 108 gemeemcrim oA. Gray. oss ble Ui] Menispermacem ..icc.c a ee 52 coromandelinum Garcke.............. O27: 1 Merremia Dennat, =: seeecscc-...... 120 tricuspidatum A. Gray................ 91 gemolla Hallier foe“ z..."... 120 CUT og TR © ES ay 7 a 84 | Mertensia crassifolia Presl.................. 257 GIVISSIMA. “Blaneo.:.23:..5..5...0...ccAci. 4 Moezoneprum Dest: .... 22sec 64 ORES 9) I cS ar ie mae 2 84 inert : Deel. ...c 56a 64 Manihot Adans SEL MiG O ie tua til... 5....-<...cagebausteeaeteks os 58 MiCLNGSimie POT. 2.32. -........ nabeae 81 paryinora Mery. .cak. sige te 53 ONG ig CS ie . 26, 329 | Microchloa setacea R. Br. .................- 377 A SS) 0 RG eS ee S25.) Microlsena R.Br. ....0506 2 Coon.. 289, 371 glandulosa O. Ktz. ......2...2:....c00-- 828 Werpwiaee H BY. .cics.ca eke. 269, 371 mranuiario linn: {0.6 ...:....ccci cs Pape | DUiCTHlege PPeel:....... 265-25 hee 16, 148 rottboetloides O. Ktz.................... 328 Geers Cone): . :. 22 aoa. 16 MOAT OMUROGRD Secds oeccden wt eccs-e-kt.22.5, Gh 37 dennstaedtioides Copel. ................ 148 Marattia Sm. BA MAUPEB EEX. 2:2... :.... fawn eee 67 WRUACE SREB 9 Bone, soc duke annus nto one 28:| OxytenAntRera —.--.-cosceoc-ccoccodaseeondenese 392 poy ae 0 eae ie ae 23 wettewietnin Lint -:...;.0--cs-..0:2<-.c<0 23 a ee aa an | Petoionies: Bee 215 peemmeniee: tin’ 2. ocd 127 formicaria Merr. -......................- 215 oblongifolia DC. .... 427 | Pachyrrhizus Rich. -..........-.---..-..- 67 Ophiurus Gaertn. f. .....................-.-2-+ 329 angulatus Rich. ..........---------- 67 corymbosus Gaertn. ............-.---..- 329 bulbosus Britton... 67 mewireena 0) Tote 2 ee 329 Padia meyeriana Z, & M, .......22.2000-----+ 3870 monostachyus Presl.................----- 329 | Pahudia Miq. seeseteseeee cieiniipcieessacre oranaa 63 muricatulus Steud, ...........20..-....-- 328 rhomboidea Prain........................ 63 aindatus Nees._.....2.-...-.<-.00--------~- 329 | Palaquium Blanco... 114 peitatite MAG: sooo ic cecceccecns-cns eck 329 angustifolium Mery, ...........-...-...- 114 8 NSD Eee ea eee 50 bataanense Merr. 22.......2 2000022... 114 MR RMS i en 50 latifelium “Blanc@ia. eee: 114 @mentacea HOxh, .......:......-c:-2-1--< 50 Jusonignne Vid: Sebi se Sse 114 cumingiana Baill. .............--.------- 50 oleiferum Blanco.......:.......25....2... 114 Oplismenus Beauv. ........ } tenuipetiolatum Merr, .................. 114 burmannii Beauv. .....................- 28, 364 whitfordii Merr. .......... Secaartt o> 114 compositus Beauv. ..............--.-.--- BG4 | POUMM. ........---0. cece recessecccreenateeneeesceees 31 echinitus H. B. Ky .......0.0.000-------- 354 | Panaeolus FY, -.........-----eeeee eee 291 indicus Roem. & Schult. ............ 364 panaiensis Copel. ...........-..-....-...- 291 Seitrmiete TETPANE 2 2g tka 354 pseudo-papilionaceous Copel. ...... 291 loliaceus Beauv. ..........-...-------.---+ 364 Panaz aculeatum Ait. 2 aCAgeo: 217 Oy ee eae eee eee isd |e ORB CORO 2225: A ----32 se necetmieeeeae tne 25, 177 sylvaticus Beawy. .......-2.0--...------- ge4| Pandanus Linn. .22.:...2.2. sansa. 25,178 undulatifolius Beauv. ...........-.... 28, 364 arayatensis Merr. ... 25 undulatifolius imbecillis Hack. 28, 364 clementis Mer. ............-...:.-:---0---+ 178 NS le oR OP aes a 32 OT AGUAS \ BIANCO. ..2. 525. een 25 RPE, MROET 0252 «once ee acces 32 lugonensis Merr. in 2.. sce. 25 philippinensis Scheff. ..........-.-..-- 32 tectorins:.Sol. 2... tees ceeds t 25 (ESE Rl Oa aid lade tomo 5 37 Wasrplordil Me@pr sie: 4 tac, -<--- 25 (8 RES SMS OE ai car a ce Bie {oe QUACOUS 2 across ccaecetecs ORME iia doeaee foe --- 344 calavensis Blanco............-..----+---- Bare omic: Linn, ise oe ae cise cs 27, 3861 paniculata Merr. .........-...---.--.----- 64 acariferum. Trin. iin...c hs. 8438 CE 2 Aa ce SL Ea 54 acroanthum Mez 358 cumingiana Vid. ..........-..---.--------- 54 altissimum Mey, ..... p 363 RUMINTNT RT, UMP occscaccacéncacouc.e-cuce 54 Hoonegen “Trims 2ix%....2..--.2..; 355 ESS (| i are 124 amplexicaule Rudge. .:...............-.. 356 i OG 0 1] 2 Sh re 124 amplissimum Steud. ...........-....---- 361 Orthopogon dichotomus Llanos.......... 354 angustissimum Vidal...........--.--...- 357 burmanniit R. Br. ..........--------:--- 364 angustum Hoek, “Eiicaicun.....-- 357 hirtellus Lianos 364 angustum Trin, ..2..--.--------eeeeeee- 357 hispidus Llanos 354 arnottianum NeE€B........--.------00.-++ 357 Sebacirite: We. st 8... --...---..0...-- 364 asperum Koen. 5 368 loliaceus Llanos 354 aupitum Preel.....dccadsoemtexttics>--- 356 setarius Llanos 364 rey roliving. Toln yy Foscccdesgecenwnes-s; 358 subverticillatus Llanos...............- 354 brigaeforme: Presk.w.4....-:..<:......... 354 MEaLOue TAIN, <:..........-..25-s00ssce 364 Drisidas. JRGG. .aipgieests.sc-.-0s..22... 353 Osterdammia matrella Linn. .............- 342 Durmannds Retz. la22-......2............. 364 SS | 2 SE ee eee ee 87 RITES. -TUDIUIN = <3. —~sagGas> dons rawvtkeeeweeen 358 NE PIE SG ccet dhe SeceiscaseseSosaseee 87 caesium Nees............ scevevalec tetas 358 NEEDNTAINS Soc uh ou con cvbcevcectecsecscousktuaipee 28, 370 cHagccnense Steud. ...:....:cncceuneectes- 355 Merperere BIAnco..........-.5hiserccsee dace 370 Capianoum, Preal ..00.4::-2.. pacers nes 362 Memes TsOUT'. -- 0622. 2b tices edes2s, 00 370 caudiglume Hack, <.2-....-.......-.. 27, 360 granulata Nees & Arn. ... 871 chrysanthum Steud. ..............--.... 865 MOUMRT OUD UIGNY. .. 28.55. cocecdse panstaradeand 3870 Ccolonyat [oli <..catieet orcs ceentse-->-- 354 memoria Dalll......2.....2.0 026 370 comosum Steud. -................--.0.--.--+ 365 minuta Presl................ es adiaee pb 370 compositum Linn. .........-.----+---+--+ 364 - Page Panicum cordatum Buse..................---+ 359 | consanguineum Kunth 347 | convolutum Beauv. ..............-.------ 359 crassiapiculatum Merrill.............. 356 COMUR “EMI gc xs ilentandin dics 25-0 355 Deis erg WE bP) 11 Saas a a 354 erus-galli muticum Doell. ...... 268, 354 crus-galli stagninum O, Kuntze.. 355 | cumingianum Steud. ...............--... 354 | ob lan at S 2-5-2 0s-=-- 377 | didactylum Kuntnh................2....--. 346 distachyum ¥.-Vill. .......-...-...----- 356— divaricatum Linn. ......- 356 elatius Kunth 363 © elytroblepharum Steud, .............- 348 | eatenatse Steud: .....:.......5-.........: 360 OES Gg. ane eo 27, 353 | pS 1 ee 353 a oe a 353 gaudichaudiit Kuntb....................-. 363 gumaepetalum F.-Vill. ...............- rer Saat glumaepatulum Steud. .........-...--. 377 hetopus Tlie tigre nas... 363, 367 hermaphroditum Steud. .............. 361 horizontale Mey. <..2..secsdesconsatscsmene 347 humile . Ne@@Bic..2.-5--sapeeeee : 358 imbecillis Trin. 364 incomptum “Trim? wincc.cs cease 360 TROACUIM> “LAND... ......00.-0052 at 39 | 371 ae) Se dll 9 tl ia Sa as oe hs a igi "hee e = Page. PRIOR Pe acces. SF BE es Soe 101 Cuming. F.- Villicne Soe :..t 101 Pharus urceolatus Roxb. ............ ie 370 Pholgoms. “ine. ....08. th. a 38 Ipeeneamie. . BGO -s2: Sie ee. 38 PUOLIBIG AaO. . 0. Ape. 60 iMigonensis. Merrrs.....ai. ks 60 PRv pete ares accsaeseees cae caeesae ce 39 pugoniensia .Rolfe:.:...2:54nkt..c! 39 PRrawaues: Trin. >. sgc Slaten ae. 29, 380 Marisa), Diit........enoncsbeseeenessccess 29 Coeptta.. Urpin cite, cece shee eke s 381 phragmites Karst. -................1....-. 381 Vier ie: . Trix... gcescdeentieiecs-c28 381 Phylactum. Benn... -..csiatst acest. 65 bracteosum Beni. :.220.2-:.-2 65 PRY LREHROERA PEARL: -jéjcetlcsiciieateee-s =. 280 MOren yd SOK OF icesccsee sd 280 Phyllavtius: Ladn...-..ccc0..+ eee 74 blancoanus Muell. .. 14° busitollus, Muelh. 202524: 74 HOUT! LBs o.oo eadeeeey. 74 retictlatus. Polriaamacdheeden. 74 atipularia: Marr, deat noch nke.--- 15 Phyrglianth ue AGRA, gases -siclsts Or ore i owtnnes no noes has 291 MOCU UGGS. Mate. cetserecct snc sks--.c-.2=- 291 | Pos. Ldn: - Skee), SeeMoue 180, 386 | amboinensis F.-Vill. ...........--....--- 384 | PEPER ERIN So .20o ccc cacccenssce-vcc-sce 181, 386 | chinensis Linn. ................ fe 379 | dnéerrupta: Gams .....0.:---2...--2. | «883 | wooed TU: .................--.....-- 384 | juzoniensis ~ Merr. ....:...-......-.... 180, 386 WNGataDartea | Talis ase 385 tencile: Tutti A ee... -3:, 8 383 WASCORG FOURS sc ncc rec rtreec eer eae 383 moecocarpus POres: 2.6. 24 blumei. Wndlis..... cee eee 24 neriifolium: “Don :cis5--ceeeeeeeee 24 Pogonatherum Beauv. .....................- 26, 327 ertsttues Trin, .......+...::.--- Mettionc2 62 aaa 20 eres. EU yack co oe cd cccuchcctan 162 lobbianum Hook. .................... Solon 160 Tuzonicum Copel. ..................-....... 162 mengtzeense Christ 161 mengtzeense Copel. ..........:.........2. 256 ra TT 0 Fa a a 255 meyenianum Schott. .................... ot mouscuium Copel. .-......:......2..-.<2 162 multicaudatum Copel. ........ 160 iagesocearpum Meit......................3. 20 nectariferum Bak. ...............--..--.-- 166 EES Gy noon sccaacavce enierone sce 21 nummularium Mett. .............0...... 256 Bemncur G1; 22... ¥! 20 MMB ARE ~ EN) ~ <5... <:sccccccuceccenscecenee 21 persicaefolium Desv. .......... sexs 162 phanerophlebium Copel. .............. 163 Sen SGPC], <2... ---<--ccene 164 pseudoarticulatum Copel. ..... 160 pseudoconnatum Copel. .... 161 punctatum Christ................ i 20 mrenre Copel. =. 5. <2..-ssacsssanustegehebbaberseie 281 grammocephalus Berk. ............ 288, 294 Oiloorwmig Pr. es ai iltiesn ith 281 Sa Te pete ele Sg ne Pa cones toh ER 204%.) Pothoh Parl: SCHOOL, a5 ioe he 82 JPET COS)" Fh Pa eit nee ery eee 290 lobplanum Schott. + ...23.68.<...2 32 intybaceus Berk, ........ 268:) Pothos: Bint. <..c.....ckaeencehation 4 82 laeticolor Berk. ........ Pete Ao See 294 philippinensis Engl. .................... 82 MOMDUGES OIG. 5.2.60. -c ke wane vet.) Pratip: \Qaudian. iv. .2tareie.cncodinmebe tc denass 241 Puatwie te 289 besgonifelia Lindtic...e.0ceu ss 241 RRICPOLORNEE TUB). 20660525 he 2391: Premna: Link. :...,...-cassakigveoweens 121, 229 meyenti WKWiotzZ, ....:.-.-.:...- 289 adenosticta Schauer........... 230 occulentalis Klota.: 22.2 nk 289 cardiophylla Schauer.................. 230 ochreo-laccatus Mont. ...............- 286 Conwesta oMerr. Santee ss 282 Osrrenerormis Berlk,:......2::--..2:-2. 294 cordate’ Blanco ..ccscs- sheets tee 230 W@OLIMTUG PRIDE. covnseresocsececezes--cecs 294 cumingiana Schauer................ 121; 280 philippinensis Berk. .................... 287 depatperata Merre 3.2 .ccctctiee satis 231 OTS gt Tg - cS oe ae aa 286 foetida FF.-Vill. .....---. 0.8 232 OS a): 294 integrifolia Linn. .......:.4 . 121,288 a OS: | Se ie mes pees ss 294 levicostoma Navyeec:.:.....cnu......- 223 NS a a eee 286 membranacea Merr. ...-..............-- 230 wormarus Pera (isa; 285 _ mucronata. F.-Vill. ...<....--...-.:-.-.- 233 Cenee Berk, io a aa 286 nauseosa Blanco................. sien sete ee 3 MOLRTIID PE Toso. o-oo 289 PTGS. OT eiear ct ony mane oe 234 Daredtied cHerk = eke etc ee 289 oblongifolia . Morr. -...¢. cieatcs n 284 i Bet ea oe 18 po NWA: 1 gee gee Rie ere 289 execiog® Gaud: so eco W...... 19 Potytoca: barbata Stapf. :.-..---22-5-2..2. 320 heteromorpha Fée..._........-........... 19 oiehiate Ptéris: leiiians. Présleaso ee longipes Don pluricaudata. Copel. as502225.. quadriaurita Retz. ................ rapes seminiunate: inn: 23 pr CTs i Bile, Aas SER ote att ot ted Wwhittordl . Copel. ci22 sie Raerocet nus: Tisin. 22. ...o tanec Micrel Mert. tos eee PLOVOCYMD LUM gt. TAT so. secs icnkt ccc cs SU URAC: TG I iss .-<.-0.. 2-2. cee. -n ee MPOAPTASSEGATIY eo ccct acct duc 5 -cees.sscaitecsactad Depnethlt. -Mig: agi 2 wank clementiana King. .................-...... MUATMEMERIEON EDD. 32.05 0052. ~2--2=25-4--0e acces ae weegigiana King. ..................:.2 MeaUM le LADN,. 3.2:.56.63-0 6-0 Ges Laat sakes tae ak cae we R. Radermeachera: Tassk. ...:..:.............2 124, banaibana Bureau........................ joins vai? Vol En” 6 9) Pe nr ne POBMIUIOT IG WOT Ce nas cen scoucecchaosey Pata pae “RACIDs icsccciceec sl cet ckepeoaed FEANGIA IGUAGS 65 usc te ccncessss ses Lee hea angatensis F.-Vill. ...................... OMrmInelaAnd VAG wine ae ae densiflora Benth. .......................... fitzalani Ff. Muell. ........................ a 1 ee MEMMGIOTOIL MGMT, ..........-...,.0-c.0cee2 DEERE AULD, ccncccvoncscenesonssccccsocbscape 113, SE CT ee philippinensis Mez........................ PU MIPRMUIE RIOR Penn on... ..n.-c--nccscsaceceeaes 88, Rhaphidophora Hassk. .......................- ad RMIT TOTAL, oc cscs anvuedaretest ares Rhaphis stricta Nees................ ere = trivalvis Lour. ...... Rhipidonema Matt. ...... erectum Sacc. ...... Rhizogonium Brid. ..........3::....caee spiniforme Bruch. .............J.20ee TeeeOpHOna.. LAND... ....:..0-:222--4-2sscnecn un Geraumata Liam, -..-.;.....-.-.c.0ccnccstee | Rhizophoraces.. ....... Sawn Spee 102 Rhododendron Linn: 22.2n5..22.. 111, 220 nortoniae Merr, sc. 2iiisee 220 quadrasianum: With 2.0: Lig schadenbergii Warb. .................... 111 AEN RR TN S40 Ua ee i, «kr eee 14 xanthopetalum Merr. .................. 1ii RhyHeposty Ns. Bis eee 39 violaces. Reich: traces 2 2st: 39 | Riccardia:8.:F. Grayne se 10 parvula.. S€hiffn, 202i 10 Rinores: “AwU). * 2 ee oe ee es 210 palawanensis Met? {2.2..5222.23 210 | Rivea Chotey...u22 2S See ee 119 barnesii Mert. .242e.2 eae 119 luzonensis. Hallie dire. dot 119 | Rogacers ic ee eS Lote Tae einen 60, 194 Roscoea nigricans Hassk, ..................- 36 Rostellularia Reichb:a-25-2s2 Sh 126 procumbens NeeS................-------.-- 126 Rottboellia Li. f, :.....2..eee ae ene 265, 328 coelorhachis F.-Vill. ..........-..2...... 328 corymbosa Linn..t.2..490ie 329 denudata Steud. ..4..:.. eee 328 exaltata, bi £5... oh eae - B28 glandulosa * Prins... 328 anunieata. Vid. ...mdesoteee acest 328 PTO MPS. Tal tin, -..-.-ovarscesen ts ateste dese 329 ophiuroides Benth. ............2......... 328 ophiuroidey intermedia Hack. 265, 329 repens Wopat:-f. cacti tees seoe ec: cc 387 setosa Presl 328 Ber tye ae 016) Reeser: ea re ae 61 miminora. Planch. .............. Mp iesbaad 61 Sy DC) hh ee re 61 FST tt ED SE CE EIS 126, 238 MINER ERGO ry 7.2. aad ic Sot oncudelcccazeioe 60, 194 OT EN: be | 2) 4 a ce 194 fraxinifolius Poir 60 Emeomeeneie Merr. ...............2...2...: 195 marrceanus Linn, ................5::..:. 60 pememrodawe SM. ......2-,-....c0..-c--0cetee 60 oo UN 0? 4a: a rs 60 PO RE a re 125, 248 -nudispica Clarke................ eee * 248 epee aanahis<....2...............------c.--- 125 BAM sp ar lepida Clarke Rutaceae eet eter eons ac sansa 20. S. EE eee 88 TS i) 26, 323 @topecuros Nees...................--.:-...- 322 arundinaceum Retz. .................... 324 erent: Presi. ..................0..Dccce 322 TO SSS | 5 a ne ee 325 cmpmigte Dlanco...............-..--..--2-. 323 megrosenee. Steud. ...............2.22..25. 322 Ciermawie BN. ...22...2..5...02.502008 323 prasgrande Steud. ............2........5: 322 RE aE] ee ae ene ne a fi 322 spontaneum Linn. ...................-..., 323 spontaneum indicum Hack. ...... 26, 3Ze spontaneum luzonicum Hack. .... 324 violaceum F.-Vill. .......022...00.000-- 323 a ee OAd > 73. eT Sy EE lS aR a Re RE tntegrifolia Merr. .....2...2....2.-.2:.5 Salicacez Sane Lihn. ........ ud nS te oem la deals gas anaoeoe BIGH0O:s.52-365- lS tetrasperma Lianos.....:.:.............. Popo Lich |e ec | get cert. St Renee See Gxlindrica Blumeé.:.....: 3020.50.03 Oy TOPOS gh 0S eu ts ee Re JaveUIOe - BlUMS.. 5-683 2.5... : Oo ESSEC Ss My Sa ee ee MUMMERS MOG rac oc 5252) vesceas ea A feesee EMC, eS 2 ooo oe a ees SMPTE PUIMRTINED ooc¢ 2. 2, osuecancctecvanesbescbanece Cs ant. Cg aoa eee eee eee aa MINIT 2 2h SL face sates cudide 8G a tatermeorim Merr.: ....22522..0.2..03.2 Sapotacex Sarcocephalus Afzel. -.... a IS so tc ae ecard wes 128 Oe et SU: SR ee eee oes ae 95, 208 MiMi Ogte MOLT,’ 2....a%ascidscsaivesintsin 208 PORTIIA AGI... Skits 209 iuponionsis Wer. .is2s.4205-5.:..2 209 tere BEGET, 220-5: 4.50-55 se 95 NNN oS os occ pdcvendedowceaone 59 MOMBENOPE F OPB bs occ. cccees -5ccs-cke estes 109, 218 acuminatissima Merr. ................ 109 blancoi Merr. ..........:..... Ont eek 109 yg) oy Mo. 110 MicrOph Visa Mere... ...is.3..-0----002 218 lugoniengis ~ Merr, :.:......-.-:.2-:....... 218 MBUHONd SLANUAR. :cuct1. do---c5- eves cbs 110 Schistochila Dum. ............ 10 LMC? PROTEIN, iis ie. ncasoocvarcescoekoseses 10 Schizmatoglottis Z. & M. .................... 33 ropestria: 2.6. Mi 3x cess cany 33 Schizoloma Gaudich. ...................... 149, 252 Qnaustim Copel, ...2::....-.-:-2.0c.4sts 252 St oe Pe a i er 149 fuligineum Copel. ......:.....02.:..s0c: 252 heterophytlum J. Sm.......:.....-....- 149 jamesonioides Copel. .................- 252 SRMOMIEW OUT PTs... ..22:5---2cndcacacvansgert 291 Rineern BEDTOL. .........10025.5 tes 291 SS: Se Ses 294 Schizostachyum Nees..............:-...-.-c-< 391 ecitreaee) Munro. .ci2):.2-.:...:..-- 391 pT ey ee) oS | | i Pee ae aS 391 GISTRIBD WEE SEES ooo oe accteecsed sees 391 PRUNE OCG EEL ee no wcreinetate 155 Galocavos, Conel.---.. Sn... es 155 pep tetck gw Seale 1) 155 NR AS EP a ee 31 MALSPOUTS MUSEUMS 2. sioe. a k- 73 95 aistraladica Rigi oh cck.ccs nck. n..:-0 73 95° | Tritiguim / Tiss. Aes oss 387 95 | luzonienate . Fatt cc--2c-..-.---..- F 387 284 — Warlermpa ill: 2 eee s-s--/a.0:.-.----- 388 288: | Trtumgetia- diinn, ..7.<.-.005-.s 91 283 Piompoiden JAGd.. ....56.2.2.20...2.-s5 91 Li XXVII Page. TPEBORtOMA> PGP trussed vse ctsasoare i eee ae 292 pusilluns + Berks 22. aoc. ei; 292 WiSDCE-- BORE. «.3i. ieee ante oe 292 Turpinia |: WOU... ocsi..c As CGO seies coli Ge psceicccckes ss... 67 Vilfa.dltandra Steud. corres. cain 373 PA OTS TEMA A a nagecca cereale. ok v 373 verticillata Steud. 384 Villebrunea_ Gaudich. .........000..0.000-2... 49 trinervis “WeG@iircses cect 2k 49 VAOLABIE oo... an nous ececeadeeemel uber ay aoe cane 210 eo. eS SE RR ES 121 ipetorasis DeCns; 0.230.200. 121 SO EAN. 252 oe it Cy EM | a i 121 memeorennie Walp, .......<...cdcss2--0-sas- 121 eumcszaninowli Merr. ....2..-.....2c... iZt SINAN: <2... 52S ge See 19, 157 mupemane Copel, .......ceisesscsce cdc 157 RRNA ESL 5069 Wy ign sahacsconeaanscckene. ae, 19 a ae Arte ARP le lt Peo 19 taeniophylla Copel. ..........:........... 157 Deere ROUATS...... 0 0:.....22c0c.:.10as--.- 117 pumingiana Rolfe..:........2.....2005.4. ELT Ww. Wahlenbergia Schrad. ............0.545.... 242 BS MOTT | oo och da cdediwnce cs aes 242 6 EG Oa ee ce 93 meericana Linn. {30 Waa es. 93 tg 0, f heal Bn 0. . nS nee cee te 93 EON TESTS Es Sa er 133 luzoniensis Vid. .... 133 Sue MEGET, .................ccaccos.- 333 0 ao 139 i | hh ea rt 139 ENS ORES TF i 60 luzoniensis Vid. ..... 60 OS Eg rr 128 Wencuvyantha Merr. ..........<..2:.....0 128 Myeceerroeimia . Wndl. ....2........600..0022.20.. 101 eememeta Mer. ...........:060-.c.c1..:- 101 RAT, WAPD, .....2...202--neceesenee £01 MOD 6 si saoes oo cnce-nicongeeseencnhanes 101 Wormia philippinensis Vid. ................ 95 ES a ee 118 (1 age Al a 118 [2S ye 2 A nr see tc ee Me ee 118 x mentnophyllum Roxb. ......-.............:.... 74 INL (cece ccchal ies nev'sc0n-cedackcascssce sess. 292 fumreinosus b. & Co.....2...5...0.-.....- 292 mente. LAN oo. ceceonc eae sce 2 334: 6 ot BOD ATG EU BF se 9 oa ae 190 NR ee os asecnesoccataces 281 Puivo-lanata Sacc. ........................ 281 meoosyion Grev. .................:-:.. 281, 294 Wugonensis P. Henn. .................... 281 polymorpha Grey, -............... Sieesaee 281 0 rc 54 SeNeee IMOTT,<.......-...n0cecss-sstensce 54 Xylocarpus granatum Koenig............ 74: Xystidium barbatum Presl.................. 341 moritimum Trin. ....:..-...0..-...-..-..-- 341 XXVIII Z. ; - Zizyphus Juss: Zanonia Linn. cumingiana Merv. -20...0.....2006.000-00. trinervia Poir. zonulatus Blanco Zornia Gmel. -diphylla Pers. Zoysia Willd. pungens Willd. Zoisiex k O Me ey ae BUREAU OF PRINTING PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. ‘No. 1, 1902, Biological Laboratory. Aristolochiaces —-_..- 1 1| 1 owe wes ae sceSoecs| anes senes|=eeeennene AS CENTROSPERM ®: | | Amarantaces_____ --_- 4 5 | SAE ee (er ee 2 ft peeeneeee Aizoacere _---.-------- 1 To lescateeee|oc-oneess |nete oe ntad sence ocociansens==- RANALES: | Menispermacee —----- 5 6 + ee ee 6 |) See tae Magnoliacee ~___.---- 3 3 | Ap ee aie + Yl psa roe 3 i Summary—Continued. Species | Intro- Orders and families. Genera. Cyc pen babesipe ie aceants Trees. RANALES—Continued. Anonace® ___-_______ 12 22 14) jo bseete 22 6 16 Myristicacez ________ 4 6 | aoe eee el face aa ae 6 Monemiacee.________ nt i 0th eee aan 5 Mae area Aa ores 1 Lauracese ________.___ 8 13 °S eceuaowe 18;\Re eo se 18 RHODEALES: Hernandiacew________ 1 1 Lien 1 2 A oon Capparidaces ________ 3 6 2 1 5 > Pe erat Moringacew __________ 1 i (ee 1 1 il) Een hoes 1 SARRACENALES: | | Nepenthacee _________ 1 2 Ri eee eal (een ieee ere Sea Ween eeeaes ROSALES: Crassulaces___________ 1 Lip Seen ete nee Ske oS pe A Saxifragacese _._______ 3 3 Bylpuse ke Srlessaceee- 3 Pittosporaces ________ 1 3 ae ee 0 erence 3 Cunoniacee __________ 1 1 A Nes ee Enea yr eat aero 1 ROSacem oso 5 7 a Sees 6 1 4 Connaracez# __________ 5 6 = oe 6 5 1 Leguminose __________ 38 68 10 13 41 15 26 GERANIALES: Oxalidaces ___________ 2 Y A Pabst ae Bee 1 Rijlcemente 1 Rutacege _._._--.______ 10 13 | be SR iB, | Secon ene 13 Simarubacee _________ 2 3 it a Spee sess 3 Burseracese __________- 2 5 ee Sijecmee one 5 Meliaces _.__.._______ 8 19 iL) See AG Seccowe ss 19 Malpighiacesw_________ 2 2 i Wi era y yee aan Polygalaces __________ 2 : ba Pa Liles: at Dichapetalaces_______ 1 1 1 Af | Sonceacceejeces sero Euphorbiacez ________ 29 61 26 2 47 Z 43 SAPINDALES: Buxacegs este s=- 1 1 yA a eee ee 1 Anacardiaces ________ 7 13 5 3 BU Fy (eee ek eed 13 Celastracese___________ 1 1 1 a A Peeve eens Hippocrateacew ______ 2 3 igh (2 ee 3 Oilers oer! Staphyleaces _________ 1 1 1 i ee eee 1 Tcacinaces ___________ 2 2 1 » Tl EERE EY des 2 Aceracee ____.----_-__ 1 1 1 rasa 1 || ae 1 Sapindacee# ___________ a 16 i; Mist Po ater i. |v | Sees 16 BabIncoers 7 ee a 1 + hy Coe Tear 1 El |e aca 1 RHAMNALES: Rhamnacew _________ 2 3 Py ee 3 al 2 Vitacez_______________ 2 ll Gi 11 8 3 MALVALES: Elaeocarpacez _______- 1 2 ) Bal io Sree eras 1 hae ese 74 Gonystylace_________ 1 p ly Peas Se | be Ayieetee le, | 1 Tiliacew _____-_______ 4 7 | 1| 1| | ane 5 Malvacee __.....-____- 8 pg kee a es 5 7 1 2 Bombacaceze_________- 2 Ph Pe a a / eee ee 2 Sterculiacese ___.______ 11 17 | 7 1 1A eres nega 4 PARIETALES: | Dilleniacew ___________ 3 q Ec 4 1 3 RG ACEGS 2 5 5 ee O eeooe ae 5 Guttifereze ___.________ 4 8 pea ee a] ere & Dipterocarpacese ______ 5 9 te aa 9 | ot sasuee 9 ara? ee ee er Nee Pea ae s,s _ re Fe ee ee a ee a ee ae rs di ae —s. - ‘ ' 8 ; Summary—Continued. 1 Species Intro- : | Orders and families. Genera. att ice. pine i oon br a menaent Trees. ag Y Ol eee ee Z ce PARIETALES —Cont’d. | ¥ Bixacee ___-_____.---- 1 | | eres eae 1 1 If Car ama 1 E Flacourtiacese __..---- 4 8 i Bokeh aas iy OE > 8 FS Passifloraceze _____---- 1 2 fe cs ere SO eee Renee res Caricaces...__.....-.. | 2c capeeeees 1 y By ee 1 ‘ Datisaces _____...------ 1 je Rant Oe. eee Sas | 1 Begoniacese___-------- 2 NS a 1 ae il > 3 MYRTIFLOR &: ! Thymeliacez ___------ 2 4 4 eres ear ae! 2 3 Elieagnaces --------_- 1 : ef een | ae 1 Til soeeetes ; Lythracem ..........-. 1 i eee ee eae py reper 1 4 Sonneratiacese -_... --- eee & 3 Fe paeer oe dy Prone 3 : Lecythidaces___.---- | 2 . ee +: ih Ea i mas 3 ‘: Rhizophoracew —___-_- 6 6 7 eda las 1) er ee eee 6 4 Combretaceze ____----- 3 7 se anna 7 2 5 F Myrtacers ........----- 5 26 V7 uf i al ace 26 4 Melastomataces _____- 4 15 1 aap 15 3 9 " Oenotheracee --..---- 2 0 er esta el eee el eka oo eine ei UMBELLIFLOR&: “dt a beta) (ORMPERIREL Bent kee Cree Reema bonmere nna i ’ Arallaces.___.........- 3 7 eae, 7 3 4 Umbelliferse _._------- 2 oT as a Be FPR Screen A ENED Ppt ra Cotnaness . ..--.---=-- 2 2 y il aes ee Ot ai ndete 2 ERICALES: Ciethracese ~.....----- 1 1 j i Eee! p I pi arene 1 Ericacese__._---------- 2 6 (1p epee es A Coe eee 5 PRIMULALES: Myrsinacese_-------.-- 6 14 : bh ot enemas 14 5 5 EBENALES: Sapotaces ............ 4 11 » (i Cees y bP ee Sea 11 Ebenaces...._......... 1 5 Ce [Ean eee Wyle eton nae 5 Symplocacee ..-_----- 1 5 yi) Dee eae My ere ake 5 CONTORT &: | GCle@ntere, ....-<..-...=- 3 7 Bice 7 1 6 Loganiacese_-......--- 4 4 2 loa wea 3 2 1 Apocynaces ____--_..- 14 15 (1 a reer 15 7 7 Asclepiadacee --_------ 6 8 i ee ee 2 2 | abba TUBIFLOR: * Convolvulacex vee 6 18 2 3 3 pe eee re reer Borraginaceze-_-_---~.-- 4 5 1 eae eee 4 1 3 Verbenacee ____._---- 7 20 10 |------==-- 19 1 8 Z, Seite. i 5 7 2 | Dao See eee: ’ Solanacez ~_---------- 3 7 | | 2 1S, iat nS See eh Oe, E Secrophulariacese______ 5 1 ea RE Pc Sera ene oeceita) Refo Rerse Bignoniacew ___. .___-- 2 2 : | ee | YT PSs. ed Se 2 Pedaliacez -.-_.___-_- 1 5 Fe eects | 1 ee Ge cae) bees et Gesneriacer -_-..---.- V3 2 ee ee Bt so cco clases etee Acanthacere ___.-_--_- 13 18 7 | 1 Py eran ea os oe : RUBIALEs: | | ° Rubiacew __-..-------- 25° 54 ee 47 6 28 Caprifoliacez ________- 2 3 yh aaa cen! 1 Semen eee | CAMPANULATE: ; Cucurbitacese -___----- 5 6 | 2 2 | ceisinne ncn aiked Seep na|eoumme seen Composite —------...--- 10 17 | 2 5 | PY Masinaeets - 2 | : | Neen ee tem a) 1,151 | 479 of 686 | 127 | 548 | ‘ piaianaos he ee: 2 OE Pe eee ee eS Se Re trey EER Cre ee ey ae eer a Peo ee J 9 In examining the above summary it will be noted that 611 genera and 1,151 species and varieties are enumerated from an area of approximately 4,426 hec- tares. The vascular eryptogams and flowering plants are distributed into 138 families and 584 genera, 1,114 species and varieties being represented. So far as can be determined at this time, 479 species, or 41 per cent of the total number found in the reserve, are endemic to the Philippines, thus emphasizing the insular character of the vegetation; 54 have apparently been introduced, although it is frequently difficult to determine this point and the greater propor- tion of the latter class are so well established that they must be considered to be constituents of the Philippine flora. Six hundred and eighty-six species, or nearly 60 per cent of the total number, are woody plants—that is, trees, shrubs, scandent shrubs, or undershrubs. Of these, 485, or 42 per cent of the total, are trees; thus the arborescent character of the vegetation is strongly marked. In this classification all plants which in their period of growth may reach a height of 5 or 6 meters, or more, and which have a well-defined trunk and woody tissue, have been considered to be trees. Shrubs and undershrubs are represented by 74 species, and scandent shrubs by 127. Four hundred and sixty-five species are herbaceous, although it has frequently been difficult to define the difference between herbaceous and woody plants. Musci, Hepatica, Filices, Graminew, Orchidacew, and Cypera- cee account for a large percentage of these, but many of the ferns here classified as herbaceous plants are decidedly woody in character. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. To the following botanists I am under obligation for the identification of material which has made the publication of this paper possible at the present time: Dr. V. F. Brotherus, Helsingfors, Finland, Musci; Dr. A. W. Evans, New Haven, Conn., U. 8. A., Hepatice; C. B. Clarke, esq., Kew, England, Cyperacew, and Acanthacew; Dr. O. Beccari, Florence, Italy, Palme; Dr. A. Engler, Berlin, Aracew; Oakes Ames, esq., North Easton, Mass., U. 8S. A., Orchidacew; H. N. Ridley, Singapore, Zinger- beracew ; Dr. O. Warburg, Berlin, Germany, Myristicacew ; Maj. D. Prain, Jaleutta, India, Leguminose; Dr. L. Radlkofer, Munich, Germany, Sapindacee; Dr. A. Brand, Frankfort a. d. Oder, Germany, Simploca- cee. To Sir William T. Thistleton-Dyer, late director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, England, I am indebted for some specific miscellaneous identifications and comparisons with types. Dr. E. B. Copeland, formerly of this Bureau, has determined the vascular cryptogams which are enumer- ated, and Mr. A. D. E. Elmer, also at one time connected with this Bureau, has partly identified the Rubiacew and Composite. To Capt. G. P. Ahern, Chief of the Forestry Bureau, I am indebted for extensive collections of material, made under his direction by employees of his Bureau, and for various courtesies extended to myself and other members of this Laboratory during the prosecution of the investigations leading to the preparation of this paper. 10 ASIPHONOGAMA. BRYOPHYTA. HEPATIC A MARCHANTIALES. MARCHANTIACE.X. 1. MARCHANTIA (L.) Raddi. 1. M. emarginata Reinw. Bl. et Nees.; Schiffner Consp. Hepat. Arch. Ind. (1898) 47. (288 Whitford) May. On damp rocks in ravines at 800 m. Malaya. JUNGERMANIALES. JUNGERMANIACEA ANAKROGYN.E. 1. RICCARDIA S. F. Gray. 1. R. parvula Schiffn. ? (3524 Merrill) October. On wet bowlders in streams. JUNGERMANIACE.® AKROGYN. 1. BAZZANIA S. F. Gray. 1. B. erosa (Reinw. Bl. et Nees) Trevis; Schiffner 1. c. 154. (3519 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Malaya. 2. B. praerupta (Reinw. Bl. et Nees) Trevis; Schiffner |. c. 169. (3517 Merrill, in part) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. British India to Malaya. 2. LEPIDOZA Dum. 1. L. trichodes (Reinw. Bl. et Nees) Lindenb.; Schiffner 1. ¢. 192. (3539 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Malaya to Tahiti and (?) Central America. 3. MASTIGOPHORA Nees. 1. M. diclados (Brid. et Web.) Nees; Schiffner 1. ¢. 202. (3522 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Tropical Africa and Asia to Malaya, Polynesia, Samoa, and Tahiti. 4. SCHISTOCHILA Dum. 1. S. aligera (Nees) Schiffn. 1. ¢. 211. (263 Copeland) January; (3518 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. British India to Malaya and Polynesia. 5. PTYCHANTHUS Nees. 1. P. striatus (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Nees.; Schiffner 1. c. 315. (187 Whitford) May. On rocks and logs in forests at 600 m. Madagascar to British India and Malaya. 2 Determined by Dr. A. W. Evans, New Haven, Conn., U.S. A. | 6. FRULLANIA Raddi. l. F. integristipula Nees; Schiffn. 1. ¢. 328. (3517 Merrill, in part) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Java and Sumatra. 2. F. orientalis Sande Lac.; Schiffn. 1. ce. 335. (3520 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 100 m. Java. ANTHOCEROTALES. ANTHOCEROTACE. 1. ANTHOCEROS Linn. 1. A. grandis Angstr.; Schiffner 1. ce. 351. (261, 1100 Whitford) May, February. On wet rocks in cafion of the Lamao river 600 to 800 m., and during the wet season in borders of thickets below 100 m. Amboina and Tahiti. MUSCI. BRYALES.* DICRANACE. 1. DICRANOLOMA. 1. D. blumei (Nees) Ren. (3557 Merrill) October. On trees above 1,200 m. Ceylon to Java and New Guinea. LEUCOBRYACE.%. 1. LEUCOBRYUM Hampe. 1. L. sanctum Hampe. (3540, 3549 Merrill) October. On trees above 1,200 m. Nepal to Malaya, New Guinea, Samoa, and Fiji. 2. L. javense (Brid.) Mitt. (3550 Merrill) October. With the preceding. British India to Japan and Malaya. 3. L. angustifolium Wils. (3548 Merrill) October. With the preceding. Ceylon to Malaya and Celebes. 2. OCTOBLEPHARUM Hedw. 1. O. albidum (L.) Hedw. (3681 Merrill) January. On prostrate logs in forests. Tropics of the world. FISSIDENTACE.®. 1. FISSIDENS Hedw. l. F. zollingeri Mont. (3560 Merrill) October. On damp earth banks at 100 m. Java. 2. F. zippelianus Doz. et Molk. (3554, 3555 Merrill) October. On damp shaded banks at about 100 m. Ceylon to Hongkong, Malaya, and New Guinea. : * (Compiled from Brotherus “Contributions to the Bryological Flora of the Philippines, I.” Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Férhandlingar (1904-5) 47, No. 14: 1 to 12.) 12 ORTHOTRICHACEA%. 1. MACROMITRIUM Brid. l. M. salakanum C, Mull. (433 Whitford) June. On trees in forests at 850 m. Java. 2. M. cuspidatum Hampe. (740 Borden) June. On trees at 1,020 m. Borneo to Java and Sumatra. 3. M. reinwardtii Schwaegr. (3558 Merrill) October. On trees above 1,200 m. Java and Borneo to Tas- mania and Tahiti. FUNARIACE. 1. FUNARIA Schreb. l. F. calvescens Schwaegr. (157 Whitford) May; (3678 Merrill) January; (1409 Copeland) August; (6854 Elmer) November. On recently burned-over lands near the summit of the mountain. ‘Tropical and subtropical regions of the world, BRYACE.A. 1. BRYUM Dill. . B. coronatum Schwaegr. 3556 Merrill) October. On damp shaded banks in forests. Tropics generally. 1 ( RHIZOGONIACE.E, 1. RHIZOGONIUM Brid. 1. R. spiniforme (Linn.) Bruch. (3548, 3679 Merrill) October, January. On trees above 1,200 m. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world. POLY TRICHACE.%. 1. POGONATUM. 1. P. albo-marginatum (C. Mull.) (3680 Merrill) January; (1410 Copeland) August. On bare soil of slides and on recently burned-over ground above 1,000 m. Malaya to Celebes and New Guinea, SPIRIDENTACE.X®. 1. SPIRIDENS Nees. 1. S. reinwardtii Nees. (266 Copeland) January; (3542, 3547 Merrill) October; (4447 Whitford) June. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. . Malaya to Celebes and New Guinea. NEKERACE. 1. AEROBRYUM Doz. et Molk. 1. A. lanosum Mitt. (3551 Merrill) October. On trees, exposed ridges above 1,000 m. British India to Amboina and Celebes. 15 SEMATOPHYLLACEA#. 1. SEMATOPHYLLUM Mitt. 1. S. hyalinum (Reinw.) Jaeg. (741 Borden) June; (3541, 3546, 3682 Merrill). On prostrate logs and trees, forests and exposed ridges above 500 m. Malaya to Celebes. 2. S. alto-pungens (C. Mull.) Jaeg. (230 Whitford) May. On bowlders above 1,000 m. Endemic. 2. TAXITHELIUM Mitt. l. T. instratum (Brid.) Broth. (3543 Merrill) October. On trees in forests. Malaya to New Guinea. 3. ECTROPOTHECIUM Mitt. 1. E. meyenianum (Hamp.) Jaeg. (3544 Merrill) October. On wet bowlders in river bed. Endemic. 2, E. cyperoides (Hook.) Jaeg. (1408 Copeland) August. On recently burned-over ground at 1,000 m. British India to Malaya and the Caroline Islands. LESKEACE.%. 1. THUIDIUM Schimp. 1. T. trachypodium (Mitt.) Br. (2559 Merrill) October. On damp bowlders and tree trunks. British India to Sumatra and Java. HYPNODENDRACE. 1, MNIODENDRON Lindb. 1. M. fusco-mucronatum (C. Mull.) Broth. (281 Whitford). On rocks in damp ravines at 940. Endemic. PTERIDOPHYTA. FILICALES.' FILICALES LEPTOSPORANGIATZ:. HYMENOPHYLLACE.E. 1. TRICHOMANES Simm. 1. T. auriculatum Blume. (6744 Elmer) November; (397 Topping) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forests above 1,000 m. ae I motleyi Bosch. (3523 Merrill) October. On wet bowlders in river bed at 120 m. ‘This list of vascular cryptogams has been compiled from named specimens in the herbarium, the identifications having been made by Dr. E. B. Copeland, formerly of this office. While in press several additional identifications have been . received from Dr. H. Christ, Bale, Switzerland, these species having been inserted in the proof, the identifications being credited to Dr. Christ in the text. i : 4 1 i 14 3. Ts javanicum Bl. (263, 513 Whitford) May, July; (206, 207 Copeland) January; (3121 Merrill) October; (2397 Borden) January; (2420 Meyer) January; (6880 Elmer) No- vember; (451 Topping) May. In ravines along streams 150 to 600 m. 4. T. parvulum Poir. (177 Whitford) May. In ravines 500 to 700 m. 5. T. pallidum Blume. (1106 Whitford) February; (455 Topping) May; (6799 Elmer) November; (205 Copeland) January; (3234 Merrill) October. On trees and wet cliffs above 1,200 m. 6. T. maximum Blume. (204 Copeland) January; (440 Whitford) May, July; (435, 446, 448 Topping) May; (2421 Meyer) January; (1242, 1768 Borden) June, August; (6879 Elmer) November; (3115 Merrill) October. In ravines and on exposed ridges in the mossy forests 100 to 1,200 m. 7. T. bipunctatum Poir. (3123 Merrill) October; (175 Whitford) May; (6800 Elmer) November. On trees and cliffs in forests 100 to 600 m. 8. T. rigidum Sw. (274 Whitford) May; (3214 Merrill) October. On damp ledges and boulders in forests 400 to 600 m. (det. Christ). 2. HYMENOPHYLLUM Linn. 1. H. multifidum Sw. (209 Copeland) January; (8231 Merrill) October; (7034 Hlmer) November. On wet cliffs above 1,200 m. 2. H. smithii Hook. (208 Copeland) January; (165, 443 Whitford) May, July; (454 Topping) May; (3233 Merrill) October; (6801 Elmer) November. On wet mossy cliffs and trees above 1,200 m. POLYPODIACE.%. 1. POLYSTICHUM Roth. 1. P. coniifolium (Wall.) Presl.; Copeland Govt. Lab. Pub. 28 (1905) 18. (136, 142 Barnes) January; (Copeland) January; (433 Topping) May; (136 Whitford) May. In forests 600 to 800 m. Africa to Polynesia. 2. NEPHRODIUM Rich. 1. N. canescens (Blume) Christ; Copeland 1. ¢. 27. (6970 Elmer) November; (3130 Merrill) October; (6153 Leiberg) July; (250 Copeland) January; (381 Topping) May. On wet rocks and ledges along the river above 100 m. Java, Celebes. 2. N. rubidum Hook.; Copeland 1. ¢. 27. (272 Whitford) May. Along streams in forests 500 to 600 m. Java and Borneo (?). 3. N. moulmeinense Beddome; Copeland 1. ¢. 29. (427 Topping) May; (6090 Leiberg) July. In forests 100 to 300 m. British India and Malaya. 4. N. hirsutum J. Sm.; Copeland I. ec. 30. (1312 Whitford) June. In forests at 350 m. Celebes. 5. N. philippinense Baker; Copel. |. ¢. 31. (224, 225 Copeland) January; (108, 371 Whitford) April, June. Along streams 75 to 200 m. Endemic. veh Ie ee TR ESA Ty, Oe RST Ph ot 15 6. N. parasiticum (Linn.) Baker; Copel. 1. ¢. 32. (226, 1389 Copeland) February, August. In forests 250 to 900 m. Tropics generally. 3. ASPIDIUM Swartz. 1. A. difforme Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 35. (424, 447 Topping) May; (6684 Elmer) November. Malaya. 2. A. whitfordi Copel. 1. ¢. 35. (201 Whitford) May. In forests, river ecafion at 550 m. Endemic. 3. A. cicutarium (Linn.) Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 37. (1959 Borden) October; (217 Copeland) February; (533 Topping) May. In forests at about 200 m. Tropics generally. 4. A. irriguum J. Sm.; Copel. 1. ¢. 38. A. lamaoense Copel. 1. e. 35. (223 Copeland) February; (2497 Meyer) January. On rocks along streams below 120 m. Endemic. 4. POLYBOTRYA H. B. K. 1. P. apiifolia Hook.; Copel. 1. ec. 40. (6162 Leiberg) July; (1758 Borden) August; (6659 Elmer) November; (506 Whitford) July; (Copeland) February; (3129 Merrill) October; (73 Barnes) November. On rocks and banks along streams 75 to 200 m. Endemic. 2. P. appendiculata (Willd.) Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 40. (292 1099 Whitford) May, February; (6705 Elmer) November; (254 Copeland) January. In ravines 200 to 800 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya. 5. GYMNOPTERIS Bernh. 1. G. inconstans Copel. 1. c. 43. (6076 Leiberg) July; (6703 Elmer) November; (437, 1124 Whitford) June, March; (386, 444 Topping) May; (251 Copeland) January; (3128 Merrill) Oc- tober. On damp rocks in river bed 100 to 650 m. Endemice. 2. G. contaminans (Wall.) Bedd.; Copel. 1. c. 43. (249 Copeland) February. In forests along the river at 160 m. British India and Burma, 3. G. taccaefolia (Hook.) J. Sm.; Copel. 1. ¢. 42. (537 Whitford) July. In thickets below 75 m. Endemice. 6. DIPTERIS Reinw. 1. D. conjugata (Kaulf.) Reinw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 44. (449 Topping) May; (6993 Elmer) November; (2091 Borden) November ; (3228 Merrill) October; (250 Whitford) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Malaya to Formosa and Polynesia. , 7. NEPHROLEPIS Schott. 1. N. cordifolia Presl.; Copel. 1. ¢. 46. (143 Whitford) May; (3236 Merrill) October; (438 Topping) May; (6824 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Tropics generally. 2. N. acuta Pres]; Copel. 1. ¢. 47. (404 Topping) May. In the river caiion. Tropies generally, 8. OLEANDRA Cav. 1. O. colubrina (Blanco) Copel. 1. ¢. 48. (1381 Copeland) August; (450 Topping) May; (6819 Elmer) November; (3238 Merrill) October; (1587, 2092 Borden) August, November; (248 Whitford) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Endemic. 16 9. HUMATA Cay. 1. H. cumingii (Hook.) Copel. 1. e. 51. (349 Topping) May; (2413 Meyer) January. On trees in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. Endemie. 2. H. repens (Linn.) J. Sm.; Copel. 1. ¢. 50. (347 Barnes) February; (128 Whitford) May; (3210 Merrill) October ; (Copeland) January; (6969 Elmer) November. On rocks and trees in the mossy forest, exposed ridges, above 1,000 m. Tropical Asia to Japan, Malaya and Australia. 10. DAVALLIA Smith. 1. D. solida Sw., var. latifolia Hook. (220 Whitford) May; (6894 Elmer) November, With the preceding. 2. D. sp. (3715 Merrill) January; (1343 Borden) July; (1010 Whitford) October. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. Malaya and Polynesia. 11. MICROLEPIA Presl. 1. M. ciliata (Hook.) Copel. 1. ¢, 55. (375 Topping) May. Endemic. 2. M. pinnata Cav.; Copel. 1. ¢. 55. (6831 Elmer) November; (170, 1188 Whitford) May, March; (367 Topping) May; (6072, 6073 Leiberg) July; (232 Copeland) January; (1344 Borden) July. ‘In forests 100 to 1,300 m. Malaya and Polynesia. 3. M. pinnata Cav. var. gracilis (Blume) Copel. 1. ¢. 55. (6988 Elmer) November; (154 Whitford) May; (354 Topping) May; (3213 Merrill) October; (1379 Copeland) August. With the preceding, at higher altitudes. 4. M. speluncae (L.) Moore; Copel. |. ¢. 56. (Whitford) December. In forests at about 100 m. Tropics generally. 12. DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh. 1. D. cuneata (Hook.) Christ; Copel. 1. e. 57. (195, 1115 Whitford) May, February; (399 Topping) May. In ravines 600 to 800m. Batjan. 2. D. smithii (Hook,) Christ; Copel. 1. ¢. (1133 Whitford) March. In ravines, 700 to 1,100 m. Formosa and Java. 13. LINDSAYA Dryand. 1. L. davallioides Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 64. (1380 Copeland) August. Mossy forest on exposed ridges at 1,100 m. Malaya. 2. L. concinna J. Sm.; Copel. |. ¢. 61. (2396 Borden) January; (3779 Merrill) January; (228, 231, 271 Copeland) January; (235, 1109 Whitford) May, February; (6161, 6071 Leiberg) July; (395, 425, 432 Topping) May; (2419 Meyer) January, (6685 Elmer) November. In forests 100 to 900 m. Borneo. ; 3. L. hymenophylloides Blume; Copel. 1. c. 60. (158, 1107 Whitford) May, February; (3220 Merrill) October; (229 Copeland) January; (393 Topping) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,100 m. Java and New Caledonia. 4. L. merrilli Copel. 1. ¢. 61. (280 Whitford) May. Ravines, river cafion at 1,050 m. Endemic. if 5. L. orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. L. montana Copel. 1. ¢. 62. (230, 13885 Copeland) January, August; (351 Topping) May; 1162 Whitford) March. In forests above 1,000 m. * 14. HEMIONITIS Linn. 1. H. arifolia (Burm.) Bedd.; Copel. 1. ¢. 67. (532 Whitford) July; (6113 Leiberg) July; (3259 Merrill) October. In thickets on earth banks below 100 m. India. 2. H. gymnopteroidea Copel. 1. c. 67. (1398 Copeland) August; (6164 Leiberg) July; (6660 Elmer) November; (498 Whitford) July; (166 Barnes) January; (3113 Merrill) October; (2124 Borden) November. In thickets and forests below 150 m. Endemic. 15. LOXOGRAMME Presl. 1. L. lanceolata (Blume) Presl.; Copel. 1. ¢. 68. + (1406 Copeland) August; (186, 1125 Whitford) May, March; (389, 415, 429 Topping) May; (6972 Elmer) November. On mossy rocks in river cafion and on ridges in the mossy forest above 600 m. Africa to Japan and Polynesia. 16. CALLIPTERIS Bory. 1. C. esculenta (Retz.) Copel. 1. ¢. 71. (2542, 2552 Merrill) June; (6682 Hlmer) November. On banks of, and on bars in the bed of the Lamao River. Tropical Asia to Formosa and Malaya. T. Paco. 17. DIPLAZIUM Sw. 1. D. polypodioides Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 76. (132 Barnes) January; (1238 Borden) June; (194 Whitford) May; (365, 398 Topping) May; (6709 Elmer) November; (235 Copeland) February. In forests 100 to 800 m. British India and Malaya. 2. D. sylvaticum Sw.; Copeland 1. ¢. 73. (238, 1383 Copeland) January, August; (1328 Borden) July; (531 Topping) May; (6010 Leiberg) July; (234 Whitford) May. In forests 100 to 700 m. Tropics generally. 18. ASPLENIUM Linn. 1. A. nidus Linn.; Copel. 1. ¢. 78. (6054 Leiberg) July; (6798 Elmer) November; (401 Topping) May. In forests above 600 m. Mauritius to Japan and New Caledonia. 2. A. subnormale Copel. 1. c. 80. (236, 1395 Copeland) February, August; (445 Topping) May; (6154 Leiberg) July. In forests at about 100 m. Endemic, 3. A. tenerum Forst.; Copel. 1. ¢. 81. (316 Whitford) May; (383 Topping) May; (Copeland) January. In mossy forests on exposed ridges above 900 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 4. A. macrophyllum Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 83. (275 Whitford) May; (422 Topping) May. In river cafion above 500 m. Trop- ical Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 5. A. hirtum Kaulf.; Copl. 1. ¢. 83. (385, 412, 428 Topping) May; (3212, 3760 Merrill) October, January; (6792, 6971 Elmer) November; (218, 315 Whitford) May; (143 Barnes) January; (1345 Borden) July. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m, Mada- gascar to Polynesia. 395242 SA Sg en Pe 18 6. A. laserpitiifolium Lam.; Copel. 1. ¢. 85. (371, 382, 384, 414 Topping) May; (6712, 6794 Hlmer) November; (153 Barnes) January; (237 Copeland) February; (176 Whitford) May. On exposed ridges and in ravines above 700 m. ‘Tropical Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 19. STENOCHLAENA J. Sm. 1. S. sorbifolia (Linn.) J. Sm.; Copel. 1. e. 88. (368 Barnes) March; (423, 431 Topping) May. In forests above 100 m. Tropies generally. 20. BLECHNUM Linn. 1. B. orientale Linn.; Copel. 1. ¢. 89. (1331 Whitford) May; (Copeland). Eroding river bank at 400 m., and on ridges at 1,200 m. Tropical Asia to Australia and Polynesia. 21. ADIANTUM Linn. 1. A. alatum Copel. 1. ¢. 93. (243, 1399 Copeland) January, August; (2576 Meyer) February. In thickets and forests 30 to 200 m. Endemie. 2. A. caudatum Linn.; Copel. 1. ¢. 93. (164 Barnes) January; (200 Whitford) May; (392 Topping) May. In thickets and forests 50 to 550 m. Tropical Africa, Asia, and Malaya. 3. A. diaphanum Blume; Copel. 1. c. ‘ (6986 Elmer) November; (1098 Whitford); (378, 380 Topping) May. On shaded banks in ravines and on exposed ridges above 600 m. China to Malaya and New Zealand. 4. A. hispidulum Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 94. (1163 Whitford) March; (6974 Elmer) November; (355 Topping) May; (3256 Merrill) October; (1390 Copeland) August. On slopes and on exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. Paleotropic. 5. A. philippense Linn.; Copel. ]. c. 94. A. lunulatum Burm. (6748 Elmer) November; (1397 Copeland) August. In thickets and forests below 200 m. Tropics generally. 22. HYPOLEPIS Bernh. 1. H. tenuifolia Bernh.; Copel. 1. ¢. 95. (233 Copeland) February; (420 Topping) May; (466 Whitford) July. In cafions and on ridges 100 to 1,200 m. Malaya to New Zealand. 23. CHEILANTHES 8&w. 1. C. farinosa (Forsk.) Kaulf.; Copel. |. ¢ 96. (3192 Merrill) October; (1394 Copeland) August. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m., dwarfed forms. ‘Tropics generally. 2. C. tenuifolia (Burm.) Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. (3143 Merrill) October; (6110 Leiberg) July. In thickets below 100 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya, New Zealand and Polynesia. 24. PTERIS Linn. 1. P. cretica Linn.; Copel. 1. c. 100. (6155 Leiberg) July; (3122 Merrill) October. On wet banks and ledges at about 100 m. ‘Tropics generally. 2. P. semipinnata Linn.; Copel. |. c. 101. ; (3790 Merrill) January. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Tropical Asia to Japan and Borneo. 19 3. P. heteromorpha Fée.; Copel, |. ¢. 101. (2072 Borden) October; (6150 Leiberg) July; (3772 Merrill) January; (1037 Whitford) December; (2287 Meyer) December. In thickets below 100 m. Celebes. 4. P. quadriaurita Retz. ; Copel. 1. e. 101. (239 Copeland) February. In forests at 120 m. Tropies generally. 5. P. longipes Don.; Copel. |. ¢. 102. (Copeland) January. In forests at 100 m. British India to New Guinea. 6. P. kleiniana Presl.; Copel. l.¢c. 103. ~ (240 Copeland) February. In forests 100 to 160 m. British India. 7. P. excelsa Gaud.; Copel. 1. ¢. 102. (409 Topping) May; (1132 Whitford) March. In river eafion at 1,000 m. Himalayan region to Hawaii. 8. P. tripartita Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 103. (242 Copeland) February; (1130 Whitford) March; (421 Topping) May. River cafion up to 1,000 m. Tropical Africa, Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 9. P. sp. (3755 Merrill) ; (361, 443 Topping) May; (241 Copeland) February; (216 Whitford) May. In forests 120 to 1,200 m. 25. PTERIDIUM Gleditsch. 1. P. aquilinum (Linn.) Kuhn.; Copel. 1. ¢. 104. On ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. (Copeland). Cosmopolitan, tropical, and temperate regions, chiefly northern. 26. HISTIOPTERIS Agardh. 1. H. incisa (Thumb.) Agardh.; Copel. 1. ¢. 104. (439 Topping) May; (6982 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Tropical Asia, Malaya, ete. 27. VITTARIA Sm. 1. V. elongata Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 107. 372 Topping) May; (1401 Copeland) August. In forests at 1,600 m. Tropics of the eastern Hemisphere. ; 2. V. lineata Sw.; Copel. 1. ¢. 107. (2412 Meyer) January; (1818 Borden) September; (6797, 6966 Elmer) No- vember; (362, 368 Topping) May; (217, 444, 497 Whitford) May, July; (221, 222 Copeland) January, February; (3742, 3132 Merrill) January, October. In forests and on exposed ridges 100 to 1,300 m. Tropies generally. 28. ANTROPHYUM Kaulf. 1. A. reticulatum Kaulf.; Copel. 1. ¢. 109. (6654 Elmer) November; (2286 Meyer) December; (388, 405, 406, 437 Topping ) May; (196 Whitford) May; (210, 211 Copeland) February; (1219 Borden) June; (2540 Merrill) June. In forests 150 to 1,000 m. Tropical Asia .to Malaya and Polynesia. 29. HYMENOLEPIS Kaulf. 1. H. spicata (Linn. f.) Presl.; Copel. 1. e. 110. (6967 Elmer) November; (213, 1402 Copeland) January, August. In forests and on exposed ridges above 500 m. Madagascar, tropical Asia, Malaya, and Polynesia. 20 30. TAENITIS Willd. 1. T. blechnoides Sw.; Copel. l. c. 111. (430 Topping) May. In forests, a characteristic plant of dry ridges. Ceylon to Malaya. 31. CHRISTIOPTERIS Copel. 1. C. sagitta (Christ.) Copel. 1. ¢. 111. (321 Whitford) May; (411 Topping) May; (1339 Borden) July; (7031 Hlmer) November. On trees, mossy, forest, exposed ridges above 900 m. An endemic, monotypic genus. 32. NIPHOBOLUS Kaulf. 1. N. flossiger Blume; Copel. |. c. 113. (312 Whitford) May; (7032 Elmer) November; (396, 413 Topping) May. In forests at 700 m. British India and Java. 2. N. nummularizefolius (Sw.) J. Sm.; Copel. I. ¢. 114. (1393 Copeland) August; (3757 Merrill) January. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. British India to Celebes. 3. N. varius Kaulf.; Copel. 1. ¢, 114. (6060 Leiberg) July; (6895 Elmer) November. In forests at 800 m. South- ern China to Java and Polynesia. © 33. POLYPODIUM Linn. 1. P. jagorianum Mett.; Copel. 1. c. 118. (3230 Merrill) October; (352 Topping) May; (Copeland) August. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,100 m. Endemic. 2, P. setosum (Blume) Christ.; Copel. 1. ec. 119. (215 Copeland) January. With the preceding. Java, Celebes. 3. P. cucullatum Nees; Copel. 1. ¢. 120. (1108 Whitford) February; (216 Copeland) January. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,300 m. Ceylon to Samoa. 4. P. obliquatum Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 122. (Copeland) August; (214 Copeland) January; (244 Whitford) May; (350 Topping) May; (6816 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges above 900 m. British India and Malaya. 5. P. subauriculatum Blume; Copel. |. ¢. 124. (318 Whitford) May; (1382 Copeland) August; (3208 Merrill) October; (6053 Leiberg) July; (416, 453 Topping) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. Himalayan region to Samoa and New Caledonia. 6. P. accedens Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 124. (3225, 3750 Merrill) October, January; (314 Whitford) May; (357 Topping ) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m. Malaya and Polynesia. 7. P. rudimentum Copel. (?) ; Copel. 1. e. 125. (3244 Merrill) October. On exposed ridges at 1,300 m. 8. P. punctatum (Linn.) Christ; Copel. l. ¢. 126. (197 Whitford May; (402, 417 Topping) May; (257 Copeland) January. Cafion of the Lamao River above 300 m. Tropical Africa, Asia, Malaya, and Polynesia. 9. P. myriocarpum Mett.; Copel. |. ¢. 126, (2549 Merrill) June; (1325 Borden) July; (227 Copeland) January; (50 Whitford) April; (6704 Elmer) November. On bowlders and tree trunks in forests and thickets 75 to 200 m. Cochin China to Malaya. 21 10. P. triquetrum Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 126. (6062 Leiberg) July; (6973 Elmer) November; (1391 Copeland) August; (126 Whitford) May; (353 Topping) May; (2414 Meyer) January. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m. Malaya and Polynesia. 11. P. glaucum Kunze; Copel. 1. e. 129. (410 Topping) May; (157 Whitford) May; (1392 Copeland) August; (1340 Borden) July. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m. Endemic. 12. P. nigrescens Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 130. (1404 Copeland) August; (379 Topping) May. Cafion of the Lamao River above 500 m. British India to Malaya and Polynesia. 13. P. palmatum Blume; Copel. 1. ¢ 130. (3235 Merrill) October; (219 Copeland) January; (142 Whitford) May; (6058 Leiberg) July; (3858 Topping) May; (6968 Hlmer) November. In forests and on exposed ridges above 800 m. Malaya. 14. P. albido-squamatum Blume; Copel. I. ¢. 131. (1341 Borden) July; (Copeland) January, August; (6042 Leiberg) July; (1170 Whitford) March. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m. Malaya. 15. P. ellipticum Thunb.; Copel. 1. ¢. 132. (6655 Elmer) November; (373, 418 Topping) May; 3116 Merrill) October; (220 Copeland) February. Cafion of the Lamao River above 150 m. Tropical Asia to Japan and Australia. 16. P. meyenianum Schott.; Copel. 1. e. 133. (6064 Leiberg) July; (221 Whitford) May; (6745 Elmer) November; (408 Topping) May; (1386 Copeland) August; (1499 Ahern’s collector) July; (1346 Borden) July; (3224 Merrill) October. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 650 m., epiphytic. Endemic. 34. LECANOPTERIS Blume. 1. L. carnosa Blume; Copel. 1. ¢. 133. (403 Topping) May; (6043 Leiberg) July; (334 Whitford) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 900 m., epiphytic. Malaya. 35. DRYNARIA Bory. 1. D. quercifolia (Linn.) Bory.; Copel. 1. ¢. 135. (372 Whitford) June; (7023 Elmer) November. In forests at 100 m., epiphy- tie. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Australia. 36. ELAPHOGLOSSUM Schott. 1. E. conforme (Sw.) Schott.; Copel. 1. ec. 136. (1384 Copeland) August; (3250 Merrill) October; (Elmer) November; (442 Topping) May. Epiphytic, exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Tropics generally. 37. ACHROSTICHUM Linn. 1. A. aureum Linn.; Copel. 1. ¢. 137. (358 Whitford) July. In salt marsh along the seashore. Tropics generally. T., Lagolo, 38. CHEIROPLEURA Presl. 1. C. bicuspis Presl.; Copel. 1. c, 137, (Copeland) January; (6822 Elmer) November; (356 Topping) May; (331 Whitford) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. Formosa to Java and New Guinea. ——— =. re 22 CYATHEACEZ.. 1. ALSOPHILA Br. l. A. contaminans Wall.; Christ. Farnkriiuter der Erde (1897) 327. (1134 Whitford) March. Cafion of the Lamao River 800 to 1,150 m. Hima- layan region to Malaya. 2. CYATHEA J. Sm. 1. C. caudata (J. Sm.) Copel. Alsophila caudata J. Sm. (6809 Elmer) November; (366 Topping) May; (3195 Merrill) October; (320 Whitford) May. In ravines and on exposed ridges 800 to 1,300 m. Endemic. GLEICHENIACE. 1. DICRANOPTERIS Bernh. 1. D. dolosa Copel. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 193. (249, 445 Whitford) May, July; (440 Topping) May; (212 Copeland) Jan- uary; (3237 Merrill) October. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m. Endemic. 2. D. flagellaris (Spreng.). (462 Whitford) July. On slopes in forests at 1,250 m. Malay to the Masca- rens and Fiji. SCHIZASACE. 1. LYGODIUM Sm. 1. L. circinatum (Burm.) Sw. (3133 Merrill) October; (203 Copeland) February; (491 Whitford) July; (532 Topping) May; 6002 Leiberg) July; (2121 Borden) October; (86 Barnes) November. In thickets and in forests along the river 75 to 200 m. Southern Asia to Malaya. 2. L. scandens Sw. (3281 Merrill) October; (2220 Meyer) December; (2025 Borden) October. In thickets below 75 m., British India to Malaya and North Australia. 3. L. japonicum Sw. (6120 Leiberg) July. In thickets below 50 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Australia. MARATTIALES. MARATTIACE%. 1. ANGIOPTERIS Hoffm. 1. A. crassipes Wall. (3794 Merrill) January; (270 Whitford) May; (6711 Elmer) November. River cafion 75 to 600 m. Tropical Asia and Malaya. 2. MARATTIA Sm. 1. M. sambucina Blume. (2082 Borden) October; (6789 Elmer) November; (1116 Whitford) March. In ravines and on ridges above 700 m. 23 OPHIOGLOSSALES. OPHIOGLOSSACE. 1. OPHIOGLOSSUM Linn. 1. O. nudicaule Linn. f. (3273 Merrill) October (det. Christ). In shade of thickets below 100 mm. Southern United States to Brazil, Malaya, Japan, and West Africa. 2. O. pendulum Linn. (400 Topping) May. In ravines, cafion of the Lamao River above 900 m. Tropical Asia to Polynesia, Eastern Australia and the Mascarene Islands. 3. O. reticulatum Linn. (6100 Leiberg) July; (530 Whitford) July; (3146 Merrill) October. In thickets below 100 m. 2. HELMINTHOSTACHYS Kaulf. l. H. zeylanica (Linn.) Hook. (531 Whitford) July; (6099 Leiberg) July. In thickets below 100 m. Tropi- cal Asia to Malaya, Australia, and New Caledonia. LYCOPODIALES. LYCOPODIACE. 1. LYCOPODIUM Linn. 1. L. cernuum Linn. (2096 Borden) November. Exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,250 m., terrestrial. 2. L. filiforme Roxb. (2101 Borden) November. Exposed ridges at about 1,250 m., epiphytic. 3. L. phlegmaria Linn. (167 Whitford) May; (6828 Elmer) November. Exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m., epiphytic. 4. L. squarrosum Forst. (325 Whitford) May; (376 Topping) May; (3959 Merrill) March. On exposed ridges above 1,000 m., epiphytic. 5. L. carinatum Desy. (7) (166 Whitford) May; (359 Topping) May; (3219 Merrill) October. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,200 m., epiphytie. 6. L. sp. (Merrill) January. Epiphytic, mossy forest on exposed ridges above 1,200 m. SELAGINELLACEZ%. 1. SELAGINELLA Linn. 1... sp. (3749 Merrill) January. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,200 m. 2. S. sp. (3241 Merrill) October; (265 Copeland) January; (168 Whitford) May; (2382 Borden) January; (364, 436 Topping) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. 3. S. sp. (3792 Merrill) January; (269 Copeland) January; (178, 1299 Whitford) May; (6156 Leiberg) July; (2174 Meyer) December. Along the river and on damp shaded banks in forests 100 to 600 m. 24 4. S. sp. (3118, 3127, 3782 Merrill) October, January; (255 Whitford) May. On wet rocks along the Lamao River 100 to 800 m. 5. S. sp. (3775 Merrill) January. Shaded places along trails at 100 m. 6. S. sp. (1342 Borden) July; (3239 Merrill) October; (169, 173 Whitford) May; (374, 387 Topping) May. In ravines and on ridges above 600 m. SIPHONOGAMA. GY MNOSPERMX. CYCADALES. CYCADACE.E. 1. CYCAS Linn. 1. C. circinalis Linn.; Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1888) 656. (3257 Merrill) October; (269, 1325 Whitford) May; (Meyer) February. In forests up to 800 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Southern Asia to Malaya, New Guinea, and Polynesia. T., Oliba, Uliba. CONIFERZ. TAXACE. 1. PODOCARPUS Pers. 1. P. blumei Endl.; Pilger in Engler’s Pflanzenreich, 18 (1903) 60. (147, 194 Barnes) January; (Copeland) January; (1353 Whitford) September. In forests at 800 m., Java to Ternate, Celebes and New Guinea. 2. P. neriifolium Don; Pilger 1. ce. 80. (Whitford) March; (2743 Borden). In forests at about 500 m. . Central Asia to China, Malaya, and New Guinea. PINACES. 1. AGATHIS Salisb. 1. A. philippinensis Warb. Monsunia 1 (1900) 185. t. 8. f. H#. (240, 297 Whitford) May; (736, 805 Borden); (3759 Merrill) January, also No. 163 Merrill, Decades Philippine Forest Flora, coll, Borden. In forests 800 to 1,000 m. Endemic. Sp.-Fil., Almaciga. GNETALES. GNETACE.X. 1. GNETUM Linn. 1. G. gnemon Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1887) 641. (178 Barnes) January; (614, 637, 2490 Borden) April, January; (2516 Merrill) June; (2501 Meyer) January; (1036, 1078, 1253 Whitford) December, May. In forests 100 to 200 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Southern Asia to Malaya and New Guinea. T., Bago. 25 2. G. latifolium Blume; Beccari, Malesia, 1 (1877) 121. (1236 Whitford) May; (161 Barnes) January; (3158 Merrill) October; (1805 Borden) September. In forests along the river 100 to 300 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya and New Guinea. T., Culiat. ANGIOSPERM€. MONOCOTY.LEDON 2, PANDANALES. PANDANACE. 1. FREYCENETIA Gaudich. 1. F. ensifolia Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 5. (3242 Merrill) October; (2624 Meyer) February; (1347 Borden) July; (329 | Whitford) May; (6840 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest 800 to 1,200 m. Endemic. 2. F. luzonensis Presl.; Warburg in Engler’s Pflanzenreich, 3 (1900) 35. (252 Copeland) January; (1311 Whitford) June; (3791 Merrill) January; (752, 2466 Borden) May, January; (2194, 2827 Meyer) December, March. In forests along the river, 100 to 800 m. Endemic. T., Malapandan. 3. F. sp. (2826 Meyer) March. In forests at 900 m., flowering specimen only. 2. PANDANUS Linn. 1. P. tectorius Sol.; Warburg I. ¢. 46. (92 Barnes) November; (7018 Elmer) November. Along the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical shores of Asia and Malaya. T., Pandan. 2. P. arayatensis Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 7. pl. 3. (3125 Whitford) May. In forested ravines and on exposed ridges, 900 to 1,200 m. Endemic. T., Pandan golo. 3. P. whitfordii Merr. 1. c. 8. : (351, 507 Whitford) May, July; (2944 Borden) March. In forests along streams and on ridges 100 to 1,200 m. Endemic. This species may not be distinct from Pandanus gracilis Blanco, although the habit of the specimens cited above is quite different from that of Pandanus gracilis as described by Blanco. 4. P. luzonensis Merr. 1. c. 6. (3317 Merrill); (91 Barnes); (6662 Hlmer). Common in thickets along streams and in forests 15 to 400 m. Endemic. T., Pandan. GLUMIFLORZ. JRAMINEAE. 1. DIMERIA R. Br. 1. D. orinthopoda Trin. var. tenera (Trin.) Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 81. (3283, 3286 Merrill) October, January. In dry open grass lands and on bluffs near the seashore. Tropical Asia to Japan and Java. 26 2. IMPERATA Cyr. 1. I. cylindrica (Linn.) Beauv., var koenigii (Retz.) Benth. J. arundinacea Cyr.; Hack, |. ¢. 94. (Merrill) In open grass lands common and widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Southern Asia to Japan, Malaya, and Australia. 2. |. exaltata Brongn.; Hack. |. ¢. 98. (Whitford) Gregarious, frequently completely occupying open lands up to 900 m. Malaya to New Hebrides, varieties in tropical America. T., Cogon. 3. MISCANTHUS Ancerss. 1. M. japonicus Anderss.; Hack. 1. ¢. 107. (3198 Merrill) October; (1341 Whitford) September. On exposed ridges at 1,200 m. Japan to southern China, Malaya, and Polynesia. 4. SACCHARUM Linn. 1. S. spontaneum Linn., subsp. indicum Hack. I]. ¢. 114. (1935 Borden) October. In open lands below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philipppines. Southern Asia to Malaya and New Guinea. T., Talahib. 5. POGONATHERUM Beauv. 1. P. saccharoideum Beauv., var. monandrum (Roxb.) Hack. 1. ce. 193. (10 Whitford) ; (621 Borden); (6696 Elmer). Abundant on mossy ledges along streams, widely distributed in the Philippines. Southern Asia to Japan and Malaya. 6. MANISURIS Sw. 1. M. granularis Linn. f.; Hack. |. ¢. 314. Hackelochloa granularis O. Kuntze. (3094 Merrill) October. In open grass lands below 100 m. Tropical and sub- tropical regions of the world. 7. ANDROPOGON Linn. 1. A. brevifolius Sw.; Hack. 1. ¢. 383. (3306 Merrill) October; (6785 Elmer) November. In open grass lands below 100 m. Tropies of the world. 2. A. aciculatus Retz. Hack 1. ¢. 562. (801 Borden) ; (385 Whitford). In open grass lands below 100 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 8. ZOYSIA Willd. 1. Z. pungens Willd.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 99. (1303 Whitford). Open places near the seashore. Tropical Asia, to Malaya and Australia. 9. THYSANOLAENA Nees. 1. T. maxima (Roxb.) O. Kuntze. T. agrostis Nees; Hook. f. 1. ¢, 61. (1126 Whitford) October. Open grass lands and thickets. Tropics of the world. 10. PASPALUM Linn. 1. P. scrobiculatum Linn.; Hook. f. ]. ¢. 10. (3268 Merrill). In open grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropies of the world. 27 11. ISACHNE R. Br. 1. I..beneckei Hack. Oecsterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 51 (1901) 459. (3201 Merrill) ; (464 Whitford). On exposed ridges at 1,200 m. Java. 2. I. monticola Biise in Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1855) 379. (3245 Merrill) ; (264 Whitford). With the preceding. Formosa to Java. 3. I. minutula Kunth. Rev. Gram. 2: ¢. 117. (Whitford) September, wet lands near the seashore. Malaya and Polynesia. 12. PANICUM Linn. 1. P. caudiglume Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 51 (1901) 428. (3307 Merrill). Borders of dry thickets below 100 m. Java. 2. P. flavidum Retz.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 28. (6145 Leiberg). In open grass lands below 100 m., common aroughout the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Malaya. 3. P. indicum Linn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 41. (3109 Merrill.) In open grass lands below 100 m., common. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Australia. .4, P. montanum Roxb.; Hook. f. 1. e. 53. (6735 Elmer) November. Widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Malaya. 5. P. ouonbiense Balansa, Journ. de Bot. 4 (1890) 142. (533 Whitford). Open grass lands at 75 m., common and widely distributed in the Philippines. Cochin China. 6. P. parvulum Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 3 (1835) 205. (3268 Merrill). In open grass lands below 100 m. Tropical Asia and Malaya. An apparently distinct form or variety of this species is presented by No. 3164 Merrill, from the same locality. 7. P. pilipes Nees et Arn. ex Biise in Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1855) 376. (3156 Merrill) ; (1821 Borden); (1020 Whitford) ; (6650 Elmer). Common along trails in the forests and thickets 50 to 150 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to Madagascar, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. 8. P. radicans Retz. Obs. 4 (1779-91) 18. (3255 Merrill); (6646 Elmer). With the preceding. Tropical Asia and Malaya. 9. P. sarmentosum Roxb.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 54. (1019 Whitford). Along trails in open forests. British India to China and Malaya. 10. P. trypheron Schult.; Hook. f, 1. ¢. 47. (3107 Merrill) ; (6024 Leiberg). In open lands below 100 m. ‘Tropical Asia and Africa to Malaya. 1l. P. miliare Lam.; Hook. f. ]. ec. 46. (Whitford) September. In open damp or wet lands near the sea shore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. 12. P. myurus H. B. K.; Hook. f. 1. e. 39. (Whitford) September. On open wet lands below 100 m. Tropical Asia, Ma- laya, Australia, and America, 13. ICHNANTHUS Beauv. 1. I. pallens (Sw.) Munro in Benth. Fl, Hongk. (1861) 414. Panicum pallens Sw.; Panicum nitens Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 8. (2756, 3221 Merrill). On exposed ridges at 1,200 m. Tropies of the world. 28 14. OPLISMENUS Beauv. 1. O. burmannii (R. Br.) Beauy.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 68. (6645 Elmer) ; (3290 Merrill) ; (1021 Whitford), Along trails in forests and thickets below 200 m., and on bluffs near the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to China and Malaya. 2. O. undulatifolius (Arduin.) Beauv.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 66. (2547 Borden); (6987 Elmer). Forested slopes at about 150 m. Central and southern Europe and the Tropies generally. 3. O. undulatifolius var. imbecillis (R. Br.) Hack. Orthopogon imbecillis R. Br.; Oplismenus minus Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 9. (3203 Merrill). On exposed ridges at 1,200 m., mountains of the Philippines to Malaya and Australia. ; 15. SETARIA Beauv. 1. S. flava Kunth, Rev, Gram. 1 (1835) 46. (1936 Borden). Generally distributed in the Philippines and other tropical countries, treated by most authors as a synonym of Setaria glauca, but apparently distinct. 16. THUAREA Pers. l. T. sarmentosa Pers.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 91. (Merrill). Common on the sandy seashore, widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Tropical Asia to Madagascar, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. 17. SPINIFEX Linn. 1. S. squarrosus Linn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 63.. (Whitford). On the sandy seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropieal shores of Asia and Malaya. 18. ORYZA Linn. 1. O. sativa Linn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 92. Somewhat cultivated near Lamao, generally cultivated in tropical and sub- tropical regions. Rice. 19. LEERSIA Sw. 1. L. hexandra Sw.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 94. (Whitford). In low wet lands below 100 m. widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Tropies generally. 20. GARNOTIA Brongn. 1. G. stricta Brongn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 243. (6989 Elmer); (1146 Whitford). On exposed ridges at 1,200 m. British India to the Sandwich Islands. 21. CYNODON Pers. 1. C. dactylon (Linn.) Pers.; Hook. f. 1. ec. 288. (Merrill). In open grass lands and waste places below 100 m., widely distrib- uted in the Philippines. Tropical and subtropical regions generally. 2. C. arcuatus Presl. Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 290; Merrill, Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 9. (3171 Merrill). In open grass lands. Endemic. 29 22. ELEUSINE Gaertn. ]l. E. indica (Linn.) Gaertn. Hook. f. 1]. ec. 293. (800 Borden). In open lands below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. ‘Tropics and subtemperate regions generally. 23. PHRAGMITES ‘Trin. 1. P. karka (Retz.) Trin.; Hook. f. 1. c. 304. (3178 Merrill) ; (6851 Elmer). In thickets along the river below 50 m. are ical Asia to Africa, Malaya, and Australia. 24. CENTOTHECA Desy. 1. C. lappacea (Linn.) Desv.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 332. (3264 Merrill) ; (1018 Whitford) ; (6649 Elmer). Along trails in open forests, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to Africa, Malaya, and Polynesia. 25. BAMBUSA Schreb. 1. B. blumeana Schult. f.; Hook. f. 1. e. 394. Bambus arundo Blanco. The common bamboo cultivated throughout the Philippines and very doubtfully wild in the Archipelago. The base of the culms with numerous stiff spiny branches. Malaya. T., Cauayan, Cauayan totoo. In addition to the ghove species which is cultivated only, there are no ices than four other distinct arborescent species of Bambuseew more or less abundant in the Lamao region, which from lack of flowering or fruiting specimens it is impos- sible accurately to identify at this time. These species are as follows: 2. Bambusa monogyna Blanco, FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 187. Similar to Bambusa blumeana in size and habit, but the culms naked at the base—that is, not protected with spiny branches. T., Cawayan quiling. 3. Bambusa lima Blanco, I. e. 189. A characteristic spineless species, the internodes often reaching a length of 4 feet or slightly more. T., Anos. 4. Bambusa lumampao Blanco, I. e. 189. The most abundant species in the region, frequently gregarious and forming almost pure stands under scattered large trees such as Parkia, Albizzia, Anisoptera etc., sea level to 300 m., spineless. Sp.-Fil., Cavia boho. 5. Bambusa sp. Similar to the preceding species but differing in sheath and other characters, not common. T., T'agist. 26. DINOCHLOA Biise. 1. D. diffusa (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 93. (75, 519 Whitford) ; (1261 Borden); (6092 Leiberg); (2550, 3297 Merrill) Scandent, abundant in thickets 25 to 150 m. Endemic. T., Bical. 2. D. tjankorreh Biise; Hook. f. 1]. ¢. 414. (2102 Borden). On exposed ridges in forests 900 to 1,200 m. Malaya. T., Timac. CYPERACEZ:.' 1. HYPOLYTRUM Rich. 1. H. compactum Nees et Mey. Linnaea 9 (1834) 288. (6011 Leiberg) July; (782, 2920 Borden) May, March; (2496 Merrill) June; (51 Whitford) April. In forests 150 to 300 m. Endemic. °This list of Cyperaceae is based on identifications made by C. B. Clarke esq., Kew, England. 30 The specimens collected by Whitford and Borden apparently represent the young form, although indicated by Mr. Clarke as a distinct unpublished species. 2. H. latifolium L. C. Rich.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1894) 578. (2089 Borden) November. Exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,150 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. 2. CYPERUS Linn. 1. C. bancanus Migq. FI. Ind. Bat, Suppl. 599. (7). (2581 Meyer) February; (291 Copeland) January. In forests at about 200 m. 2. C. diffusus Vahl.; Clarke 1. c. 603. (463, 465 Topping); (6674 Elmer) November; (1921 Borden) September. Forests 100 to 300 m. ‘Tropics generally, 3. C. malaccensis Lam.; Clarke I. ¢. 608. (Whitford) September. Brackish marshes along the seashore. Tropical Asia to Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. T., Balongot. 4. C. pilosus Vahl.; Clarke 1. ¢. 609. ; (Whitford) September. In open wet lands. ‘Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and Polynesia. 5. C. sp. (Whitford) September. In open wet lands. 3. MARISCUS Vahl. 1. M. albescens Gaud.; Clarke 1. ¢. 623. (1305 Whitford) June. Brackish swamps near the seashore, widely distributed in the Phiipppines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. 2. M. cyperinus Vahl.; Clarke 1. ¢. 621. (6675 Elmer) November; (456, 464 Topping) ; (485 in part, Whitford) June, July. In thickets and open lands below 100 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Polynesia. 3. M. microcephalus Presl.; Clarke 1]. ¢. 624. (Whitford) September. In wet lands below 100 m. Tropical Asia to Mauri- tius and Malaya. 4. M. philippensis Steud. Syn. Pl. Cyp. 66. (3277 Merrill) October. On bluffs along the seashore. Endemice. 5. M. flabelliformis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et. Sp. Pl. 1: 215. (405 Whitford) June. In open lands below 100 m. Tropies generally. 4. KYLLINGIA Rottb. 1. K. monocephala Rottb.; Clarke 1. ¢. 588. (457 Topping); (6026 Leiberg) July; (Whitford) April; (8160 Merrill) Oc- tober. In thickets and open places below 100 m. Tropical and warm regions of the old world. 5. FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl. 1. F. diphylla Vahl.; Clarke 1. c. 636. (6135 Leiberg) July. In forests at 250 m. Tropics generally, 2. F. ferruginea (Linn.) Vahl.; Clarke I. ¢. 638. (1304 Whitford) June. Tidal meadows. ‘Tropics generally. 3. F. miliacea Vahl.; Clarke 1. c. 644. (459 Topping). In open wet lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical and subtropical regions generally. 31 6. BULBOSTYLIS Kunth. 1. B. barbata Kunth; Clarke 1. e. 651. (410 Whitford) June. In open, usually damp places below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. All warm regions, 7. SCLERIA Berg. 1. S. chinensis Kunth; Clarke ]. e. 690. (3958, 3964 Merrill) March. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest, 800 to 1,000 m. China to Singapore, Malaya, and Australia. 2, S. lithosperma Sw.; Clarke 1. ¢. 685. (6144 Leiberg) July; (3176 Merrill) October. In thickets and forests 50 to 250 m. Tropics generally except Africa. 3. S. scrobiculata Nees et Mey. in Wight. Contrib. 117. (458 Topping) ; (34 Whitford) April; (6677 Elmer) November; (1929 Borden) October. In thickets along the river below 100 m. China and Malaya. 8. CAREX Linn. 1, C. rhynchachaenium C. B. Clarke, Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1905) 5. (6983 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,100 m. Endemic. 2. C. brunnea Thunb. Fl. Jap. 38. (1346 Whitford) September; (3196, 3880 Merrill) October, August. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest 100 to 1,250 m. Japan to Malaya. 3. C. continua C. B. Clarke, 1. ¢. 717. (189, 1121, 1145 Whitford) May, March; (3197 Merrill) October; (6985 Elmer) November, With the preceding. Asia. PRINCIPES. PALM &.§ 1. CALAMUS Linn. 1. C. mollis Blanco, var. major Bece. Webbia (1905) 345. (80 Whitford) April. In forests above 100 m. Endemic. 2. C. ornatus Blume, var. philippinensis Bece. 1], ¢. 346. (212 Barnes) January; (343, 502 Whitford). In forests above 100 m. En- demie. T., Limoran. 3. C. spinifolius Bece. 1. c. 348. (1454 Ahern’s collector) July, 1904, endemic. T., Yantoc. The Tagalog name “yantoc” is used in generie sense for all or nearly all species of Calamus and Daemonorops. 4. C. siphonspathus Mart., var. sublevis Beee. 1. c. 352. (Merrill) January. On exposed ridges above 900 m.- Endemic. 2. DAEMONOROPS Blume. 1. D. gaudichaudii Mart.; Beee. 1. e. 355. (289 Whitford). In forests above 1,000 m. Endemic. °(Based on Beccari, Le Palme della Isole Filippine, Webbia (1905) 315-359. The list is incomplete in Calamus, additional material having recently been sent Dr. Beccari for identification. ) 32 3. ORANIA Zipp. 1. O. palindan (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 88. Orania philip- pinensis Scheff. (1610 Borden) August; (2183 Meyer) December. In forests 75 to 400 im. Endemic. T., Palindan, Barangot. 4. PINANGA Blume. 1. P. barnesii Bece. |. c. 320. (122 Barnes) January; (2762 Meyer) February. In forests on exposed ridges above 800 m. Endemic. T., Bunga macsin. 2. P. elmerii Bece. |. c. 322. (3846 Merrill) August; (1578 Borden) ; (130 Whitford). With the preceding species. Endemic. 3. P. philippinensis Bece. |. ¢. 324. (3316 Merrill) ; (333 Whitford). With the preceding species. Endemic. 5. ARECA Linn. 1. A. catechu Linn.; Bece. |. c, 358. (Merrill). In deserted clearings below 100 m., generally cultivated throughout the Philippines, tropical Asia, and Malaya. T., Bunga. The betelnut palm. 6. NIPA Thunb. 1. Nipa fruticans Wurmb.; Beceari & Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 424. (Merrill). Brackish tidal swamp about the mouth of the Lamao River, gen- erally distributed along the mouths of tidal streams throughout the Philippines, and in some localities, notably about the head of Manila Bay, extensively culti- vated for the sap secured from the flower stalks, which is utilized in the manufac- ture of alcohol. Tropical Asia and Malaya. Sp.-Fil., Nipa; T., Sasd. SPATHIFLORZ. ARACE.“. -1. POTHOS Linn. 1. P. philippinensis Engl. Pflanzenreich 21 (1905) 315. (369 Barnes) March, flower; (369, 1046 bis Whitford) May, and January, fruit and flower. Scandent on tree trunks, altitude 100 to 700 m, Endemic. 2. POTHOIDIUM Schott. 1. P. lobbianum Schott.; Engler, 1. ¢. 46. (503 Whitford) July; (3053 Borden) May. Common in forests above an altitude of 100 m. Celebes, Moluccas, Ternate. 3. RHAPHIDOPHORA Hassk. 1. R. perkinsz Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 37 (1905) 115. (1169 Whitford) March. Scandent, at an altitude of 1,100 m. Endemie. 2. R. merrillii Engl. 1. ¢. (2568 Borden) February. Sterile specimens. Endemic. 3. R. sp. (Whitford) April. ee ee”, ke SS Pee eee, ae” eee eR ee i gee See eee eS es ¥ pane . r ‘ j 5 RAC OR : CC RR RAG 8 TI Fg a Ss eile teat Ot ns eae ed 33 4. AMORPHOPHALLUS Blume. 1. A. campanulatus Blume; Engler in DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1879) 311. Arum decurrens Blanco; Amorphophallus decurrens Kunth. (1292, 1337 Whitford) May. Common in the bamboo thickets from the sea- shore to an altitude of about 50 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropi- cal Asia to Madagascar, Malaya to New Guinea and the Fiji Islands. T., Pungapurng. 2. A. sp. (§ Brachyspatha.) (1338 Whitford) May. With the preceding, flowers only. The Tagalog name is the same as for the preceding species. 5. SCHIZMATOGLOTTIS Zoll. et Mor. 1. S. rupestris Zoll. et Mor.; Engler in DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1879) 350. (529, 1296 Whitford) July, May. Common along shaded banks of ravines and streams at an altitude of 100 m. Java. 6. AGLAONEMA Schott. 1. A. marantifolium Blume; Engler in DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1879) 441. (3889 Merrill) August; (6759 Elmer) November; (2586 Meyer) February ; (6111 Leiberg) July; (Copeland) January. Common in forests and thickets 75 to 200 m. Malayan Archipelago. 7. ALOCASIA Schott. 1. A. macrorrhiza Schott; Engler; in DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1879) 503. (1278 Whitford) May. Common in wet open places near the seashore. British India and Malaya. T., Biga. / : 2. A. warburgii Engl. Jahrb. 25 (1898) 25. (516 Whitford) July. Common on forested slopes at an altitude of about 75 m. Endemic. ; 8. ARISAEMA Martius. 1. A. polyphylla (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 90. Arisaema cumingii Schott. (1350 Whitford) September. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest, terrestrial and on very mossy trunks at 1,000 m. Endeinic. FARINOSZ. FLAGELLARIACE. 1. FLAGELLARIA Linn. 1. F. indica Linn.; Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. 6(1892) 391. (2500 Meyer) January; (2359 Borden) January; (1428 Ahern’s collector) July. Scandent, common in thickets below 100 m. Widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa and Malaya. T., Balinguay. BROMELIACE®. 1. ANANAS Adans. 1. A. sativus Lind]. The pineapple, commonly cultivated. Widely distributed in the Philippines, introduced from Mexico. Sp.-Fil., Pina. 39524——3 ae re te 04 COMMELINACE®. 1. POLLIA Thunb. 1. P. sorzogonensis (Mey.) Endl.; Clarke in DC. Monog, Phan. 3 (1881) 126; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 367. . (385 Whitford) May. Common on shaded banks, cafion of the Lamao River, altitude 800 m. Widely distributed in the Philippines. Himalayan region to southern China, Malaya, and New Caledonia. 2. COMMELINA Linn. 1. C. nudiflora Linn.; Clarke 1. c. 144; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 369. (408 Whitford) June; (2270 Meyer) December. Common in grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world. 3. ANEILEMA R. Br. 1. A. nudiflorum (Linn.) R. Br.; Clarke 1. ¢. 210; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 378. (3088 Merrill) October. Common in open grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. British India to China and Malaya. 4. CYANOTIS Don. 1. C. cristata (Linn.) R. et S.; Clarke 1. c. 247; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 385 (3103 Merrill) October; (1819 Borden) September. Common in open grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. ‘Tropical Asia and Africa, Malaya. 2. C. axillaris (Linn.) R. et 8.; Clarke l. ce. 244; Hook. f. 1. ¢ 388. (3102 Merrill) October; (2269 Meyer) December. In open grass lands, rather common. Widely distributed in the Philippines. British India to Australia. 3. C. uniflora Hassk.; Clarke 1. ec. 242. (1903 Borden) October. In open thickets at 130 m. Malaya. 5. FLOSCOPA Lour. l. F. scandens Lour.; Clarke |. ec. 265; Hook. f. 1. e. 390. (1961 Borden) September; (296 Copeland) February. In open damp places near streams. Widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to Australia. PONTEDERIACE.. MONOCHORIA Presl. 1. M. vaginalis (Linn.) Presl; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 363; Solms Laub. in DC. Monog. Phan. 4 (1883) 524. (2271 Meyer) December. In shallow stagnant water and muddy places. Widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Africa. T., Biga-bigan. LILIIFLORZA. LILIACE®. 1. DIANELLA Lam. 1. D. sp. (226 Whitford) Pseudoepiphytic at 1,000 m. Material very imperfect but quite distinct from Dianella ensifolia Red. —— 35 2. DRACAENA Vandelli. 1, D. angustifolia (Rump.) Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 327. (2512 Merrill) June; (2930, 3041 Borden) March, May; (275 Copeland) Jan- uary; (3017 Meyer) May. In forests near the river 100 to 300 m. Widely distributed in the Philippines. British India to Australia. 3. OPHIOPOGON Ker. 1. O. japonicus (L.) Ker. (3950 Merrill). On exposed ridges at 900 m. Japan to China and Formosa. 4. SMILAX Tourn. 1. S. bracteata Presl.; A. DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1878) 197. (396, 1283 Whitford) June, May; (6024 Leiberg) July; (6869 Elmer) No- vember; (1607 Borden) August; (2548 Merrill) June. Abundant in thickets below 100 m. Endemice. 2. S. vicaria Kunth, Enum 5 (1850) 262. NW. latifolia Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 548, non R. Br. (3771 Merrill) January. In forests at 800 m. This imperfectly known species is apparently valid, and not at all closely related to Smilax macrophylla Roxb., to which Blanco’s species was reduced by Naves. The specimen cited above, though imperfect, certainly represents Blanco’s species. No. 1877 Ahern’s collector, Prov- ince of Rizal, Luzon, is a much better specimen, while No. 1713 Merrill from the same province represents the species in fruit. T., Sipit olang. AMARYLLIDACE. 1. CRINUM Linn. 1. C. asiaticum Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 280. (2011 Borden) September. In swampy places along the seashore, Tropical Asia. T., Bacéng. TACCACEZ. 1. TACCA Forst. 1. T. palmata Blume; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1855) 576. (535 Whitford) July; (2560 Merrill) June; (6031 Leiberg) July. Common in thickets below 100 m. Malaya. DIOSCOREACE AE. 1. DIOSCOREA Linn. 1. D. daemona Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 289. (6014 Leiberg) July. In thickets below 100 m. Widely distributed in the Philippines. British India and Malaya. T., Name. 2. D. pentaphylla Linn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. (69 Barnes) November. In thickets at 100 m. British India, Malaya, and tropical Africa. 3. D. divaricata Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 797; ed. 2 (1845) 550. (2572 Borden) February; (3167 Merrill) October; (6737 Hlmer) November. An endemic species, previously known only from Blanco’s imperfect description. The very deep fleshy roots are used for food by the Negritos of Mount Mariveles. T., Buloy, Paquit. 36 SCITAMINEZ. MUSACE.X. 1. MUSA Linn. 1. M. paradisiaca Linn.; Warb. in Engler’s Pflanzenreich 1 (1900) 19. The banana. About 9 varieties are commonly cultivated in the river plain region, which can be classified as follows: Subspecies 1. normalis O. Kuntze; Warb. I. ¢. 20. Pulp edible only when cooked, seedless. Tiindoc, corresponding to Musa paradisiaca magna Blanco; Matdvia corresponding to M. paradisiaca maxima Blanco; Batuan corresponding to M. trogloditarum Blanco, Subspecies 2. sapientium (Linn.) O. Kuntze; Warb. |. ¢. Pulp edible without cooking, seedless. Lacatdn, corresponding to Musa paradisiaca lacatan Blanco; Burgulan, corresponding to M. paradisiaca suaveolens Blanco; Morddo, corre- sponding to M. paradisiaca violacea Blanco; Gloria, corresponding to M. para- disiaca ternatensis Blanco; and Latiéndan corresponding to M. paradisiaca cinerea Blanco. Subspecies 3. seminifera (Lour.) Baker; Warb. I. ¢. 21. Pulp scarcely edible, with numerous seeds. Sdba, corresponding to Musa paradisiaca compressa Blanco. 2. M. sp. A wild banana is sparingly found in the river cafions in the forests at an altitude of from 800 to 900 m., above the sea, sterile specimens only being ob- served. It probably corresponds to Musa trogloditarum errans Blanco “Saguing machin,” the “monkey banana,” and probably is a wild form of the cultivated banana. ZINGERBERACE. 1. CURCUMA Linn. 1. C. zeodaria (Berg.) Roscoe; K. Sch. in Engler’s Pflanzenreich, 20 (1904) 110. Costus nigricans Blanco, FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 3; ed. 2 (1845) 3; ed. 3, 1 (1877) 5. Roscoea (?) nigricans Hassk.; K. Sch. 1. ¢. 425. (1267 Whitford) May; (6142 Leiberg) July. Common in the bamboo thickets below 100 m. British India and Malaya. Blanco’s Costus nigricans has not previously been satisfactorily identified, but is certainly referable to the above species. The description given by Blanco applies to our specimens while the habitat, time of flowering, and native name is the same. T., Barac. 2. GLOBBA Linn. 1. G. merrilli Ridl. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1905) 83. (3869 Merrill) August; (481 Whitford) July; (1598 Borden) August; (6158 Leiberg) July, 1904. Along streams and on ridges, 300 to 1,000 m. Endemic. 2. G. campsophylla K. Sch, in Engler’s Pflanzenreich 20 (1904) 145. (1461 Ahern’s collector) July. Endemic. 3. ZINGIBER Adans. 1. Z. zerumbet (Linn.) Smith; K. Sch. 1. e. 172. (6089 Leiberg) July; (7028 Elmer) November. Common in bamboo thickets below 100 m. British India. 4. AMOMUM Linn. 1. A. elegans Ridl. Govt. Lab, Publ. 35 (1905) 84. (207, 300 Whitford) May; (3033 Borden) May. In shaded ravines 130 to 600 m. Endemic. . oe eee ee Se pO Th el eee Te RR OR eee ee 47 A species differing in some minor characters from Ficus forstenii Miq., as figured and described by King, but agreeing so well with that species in essential characters that the material is referred there. Ficus vidaliana Warb.. differs from our material in the absence of the bracts of the receptacle. If on com- parison with authentic material of Ficus forstenii, the specimens cited above prove to be sufficiently distinct, | am of the opinion that Blanco’s name, Ficus payapa, should be adopted for the form here discussed, as his description although short and imperfect applies with sufficient closeness to warrant the adoption of his specific name in such case. 24, F. indica Linn.; King 1. ¢. 39. pl. 45. (2063, 2373, 2707 Borden) October, February. In forests at about 100 m. Assam and Burma to Malaya. T., Balete. 25. F. retusa Linn. (7). King, 1. ¢. 50. pl. 61. (2376 Borden) January; (1425 Ahern’s collector) July; (3285 Merrill) Oc- tober. On exposed rocky bluffs on the seashore. Tropical Asia to Malaya and New Caledonia. T., Baleting bato. 26. F. saxophila Blume; King. 1. ¢. 17. pl. 12. (2588 Meyer) February. In thickets at about 25 m. Java, Timor, and Boeroe. T., Balete. - 27. Ficus similis Merrill, sp. nov. A tree about 12 m. high, apparently starting as an epiphyte. Branches brown, glabrous, striate, the younger parts slightly pubescent. Leaves alternate, oblong- obovate, chartaceous, glabrous, the very young leaves somewhat pubescent on the nerves beneath, shining, rather pale when dry, 9 to 14 em. long, 3.5 to 5 em. wide, the apex abruptly short, blunt acuminate, narrowed below to the acute base, the margins entire; nerves 7 to 8 on each side of the midrib, spreading, distant, anastomosing, rather distinet beneath, the reticulations lax, rather ob- secure; petioles rugose, slightly pubescent or glabrous, 5 to 8 mm. long; stipules caducous, lanceolate, acuminate about 1 em. long, densely appressed pubescent outside. Receptacles axillary, solitary, subglobose to obovoid, about 1 em. in diameter, glabrous, or very slightly pubescent, rugose when dry, the peduncles ebracteolate, appressed pubescent, about 5 mm. long. Fertile female flowers numerous, the perianth lobes free, lanceolate, acuminate, 2.5 to 3 mm. long, much exceeding the ovary. Ovary ovoid, rounded, 1 mm. long, the style slender, lateral, 2 to 3 mm. long. (3031 Meyer) May. In forests at 120 m., T., Balete. Also No. 1065 Merrill, Baler, Province of Principe, Luzon, August, 1902. A species apparently most closely related to Ficus pubinervis Blume, differing from that species in its longer peduncled receptacles and glabrous leaves. 28. F. sp. (F'. indica group). (2031, 2384 Borden) October, January. In forests 50 to 900 m., T., Balete. 29, F. sp. (/’, indica group). (2192 Meyer) December; (2722 Borden) February. In forests at 130 M. T.. Balete. 30. F. sp. (2316 Meyer) December; (2369, 2483 Borden) December, January. In forests 100 to 200 m., T., Balete. Slik. Sp. (1966 Borden) October. In forests at 200 m. T., Balete. 6. CONOCEPHALUS Blume. l. C. violaceus (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 80, (1186 Borden) June; (2291 Meyer) December; (13, 184 Whitford) April, May. River cafion thickets, 100 to 600 m. Endemic. T., Bagauac. 48 URTICACE. 1. LAPORTEA Gaudich. 1. L. luzonensis (Wedd.) Warb. in Perk. Frag. FI. Philip. (1905) 168. Laportea crenulata Gaud. var. luzonensis Wedd. (2631 Meyer) February; (Whitford). In forests at 500 m, Endemic. 2. L. crenulata (Roxb.) Gaud.; Wedd. in DC. Prodr, 16 (1869) 1: 85. (2850 Meyer) March. In forests at 900 m. British India and Malaya. 2. PILEA Lindl. 1. P. luzonensis sp. nov. Glabrous erect, 1 m. high or less, the stems slender. Leaves opposite, lan- ceolate, long petioled, in unequal pairs, the leaves of each pair similar in shape, but one about one-half the size of the other, serrate throughout, the inflorescence not exceeding the petioles. Leaves glabrous, membranous, strongly 3-nerved, the apex long acuminate, narrowed below to the acute, slightly obtuse or even obscurely narrowly cordate base, the larger ones 11 to 14 em. long, 3 to 4 cm. wide, the smaller ones of each pair about one half as large; petioles slender, 3 to 4 em. long; stipules very short; cross nervules many, curved, rather prom- inent beneath. Dioecious. Female inflorescence congested, axillary, less than 1 em. long, sepals 3, very unequal, one about 1 mm. long, the other two very much smaller, scarcely embracing the achene. Achene ovate, slightly inequi- lateral, flattened, 1 mm. long. Male inflorescence short peduneled, the branches slender, 3 to 4 em. long, the flowers in scattered fascicles 3 to 4 mm. in diameter, each fascicle 10 to 20 flowered. Sepals 4, oblong-oblanceolate, about 1.5 mm. long. Stamens 4; filaments slender; anthers about 0.5 mm. long. (279, 1129 Whitford) May, March. Common in the canon of the Lamao River on damp shaded banks, 800 to 1,000 m. 3. ELATOSTEMA Forst. 1. E. longifolium Wedd.; DC. Prodr. 16 (1869) 1: 184. (Whitford) May. Common on wet shaded banks along streams, 500 to 600 m. Endemie. 2. E. sessile Forst. var. brongniartianum Wedd. I. ¢. 173. (174 Whitford) May; (288 Copeland) February. Common on wet shaded banks along the river, 250 to 600 m. The species widely distributed in tropical Asia and Malaya, the variety endemic. 3. E. whitfordii Merrill, n. sp. A succulent, erect, herbaceous or somewhat suffrutescent plant 1 to 2 m. high, with large alternate glabrous leaves, and very short peduncled or sessile fleshy hemispherical receptacles 1 to 2 cm. in diameter. Branches glabrous, succulent, striate when dry, slightly zigzag. Leaves oblong 18 to 22 em. long, 7 to 9 cm. wide, pale green, inequilateral, slightly faleate, the lamina on one side of the midrib about three-fifths as wide as the portion on the other side, the apex sharply acuminate, the base acute, inequilateral, glabrous, membranous, the upper surface with numerous small irregularly disposed cistoliths, the lower surface with cistoliths only on the reticulations and veins, margins rather strongly serrate-dentate throughout, except near the base which is subentire ; lateral nerves 11 to 14 on each side of the midrib, prominent beneath, ascending, branched above but scarcely anastomosing; petioles glabrous, about 1 cm. long; stipules mem- branous, glabrous, deciduous, narrowly lanceolate, long acuminate, 3 cm. long. i mh a * in aie a oi Pe, Cet + Nene ay eee ea RA a + Me Y ALO AS “Te ERY ae ee ee cee 4 . gh sea eis aa j f ? 49 Male flowers numerous, subsessile or the peduncle 4 mm. long, fleshy, succulent, the heads 1 to 2 em. in diameter, the bracts confluent into a fleshy disk, the tips scarcely free, flowers surrounded by a mulicaginous, transparent substance. Anthers 1 mm. long or less. ; (254 Whitford) May; (1234 Borden) June. Growing on wet shaded banks subject to constant drip of water in caiion of the Lamao River 550 to 800 m. A species apparently related to the Malayan Elatostema macrophyllum Brongn. ; 4. PROCRIS Juss. 1. P. lavigata Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1888) 575. (3884 Merrill). On cliffs at 1,000 m. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Malaya. Not previously reported from the Philippines. 5. BOEHMERIA Jacq. 1. B. blumei Wedd. in DC. Prodr. 16 (1869) 1: 204. (6078 Leiberg) July; (6656 Elmer) November. Along streams below 100 m. Endemie. 6. PIPTURUS Wedd. 1. P. asper Wedd: in DC. Prodr. 16 (1869) 1: 235.17 (72 Whitford) April; (2222 Meyer) December. In thickets near streams below 100 m. Common and widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Dalunot. 6. VILLEBRUNEA Gaudichaud. l. V. trinervis Wedd.; DC. Prodr. 16 (1869) 1: 235.” (2645, 3001 Meyer) February, May; (6978 Elmer) November; (195 Barnes) January. In cafion of the Lamao River, 200 to 700 m. Endemic. 7. LEUCOSYKE Zoll. et Mor. 1. L. capitellata (Poir.) Wedd. 1. c. 235.7 (283 Whitford) May; (2543, 2544 Merrill) June; (6665 Elmer) November. Along streams from near sea level to 900 m. Widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Malaya. 2. L. capitellata var. celtidifolia (Gaud.) Wedd. 1. ¢. 235." (1149 Whitford) March; (6976 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges 900 to 1,100 m. Certainly only an ecological variety of Leucosyke capitellata. Endemic. PROTEALES. PROTEACE4. 1. HELICIA Lour. 1. H. cumingiana Presl; Meissn. in DC. Prodr. 14 (1857) 440. 171, 118, 456, 460 Whitford) May, July; (1354 Borden) July; (3767 Merrill) January; (2599 Meyer) February. On exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Endemic. 2. H. philippinensis Meissn. |. ec. 441. (836, 1235, 2076, 3060 Borden) May, June; (1510 Ahern’s collector) July; (2602 Meyer) February; (342 Whitford) May. In forests above 600 m. En- demic. 39524-—4 i Me ss . a tad ee ele fn 50 SANTALALES. LORANTHACE. 1. LORANTHUS Linn. 1. L. pentapetalus Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 206. (80 Barnes) November; (2242 Meyer) December; (6891 Elmer) November; (1219 Whitford) April. Parasitic on various trees 50 to 1,000 m. Tropical Asia to Malaya. T., Galamino. 2. L. sp. (816, 1814, 2938 Borden) March to September. Parasitic on various trees 200 to 650 m. 3. L. sp. (134, 1081 Whitford) May, February; (1813 Borden) September. Parasitic on Hugenia and other trees in forests at 600 m. 4. L. sp. (1171 Whitford) March. Parasitic on an undetermined tree in forests at 1,100 m. 2. ELYTRANTHE Blume. 1. E. ampullacea (Roxb.) Engl. Loranthus ampullaceus Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 220. (86 Whitford) April. Parasitic on Anisoptera vidaliana Brandis. British India to Malaya. SANTALACEE. 1. HENSLOWIA Blume. 1. H. lobbiana A. DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 233, (1200 Borden) June. Vl a ee t-te aes EBERLE Te ee On eee Pee mE 69 7 to 10 on each side of the midrib, not prominent, irregular; petiolules 2 to 5 mm. long. Inflorescence short, axillary, 2 to 3.5 cm. long, glabrous or slightly pubes- cent when young, the branches spreading, 1 cm. long or less. Pedicels 1 mm. long, each with 2 small basal bracteoles. Flowers white, small, mostly crowded at the ends of the branchets. Sepals ovate, 1 mm. long, obtuse or acute, slightly pubescent. Petals 4, oblong-obovate, acute, 2 mm. long, 1.2 to 1.4 mm. wide, glabrous. Stamens 4, the filaments 1 mm. long. Ovary pubescent. Fruit brown, glabrous, rugose when dry, about 4 mm. long. Seed somewhat wrinkled, brown, shining, about 2 mm. thick. (2620 Meyer) February, 1905; (1329 Borden) July, 1904; (1181 Whitford) March, 1905, On exposed ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. 3. MELICOPE Forst. 1. M. luzonensis Engl. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 161. (3056 Borden) May. In forests at 150 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Endemic. 4. LUNASIA Blanco. 1, L. amara Blanco, Fl, Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 783. (745 Borden) May; (180 Barnes) January; (3161 Merrill) October. Common in thickets and forests below 200 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Celebes. T., Lunas. 5. ACRONYCHIA Forst. 1, A. laurifolia Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1875) 498. (6045 Leiberg) July; (3185, 3870 Merrill) October, August; (1333 Borden) July; (1147 Whitford) Mareh; (6724 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Tropical Asia and Malaya. 6. MICROMELUM Blume. 1. M. pubescens Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1875) 501. (1434 Ahern’s collector) August; (2246, 3021 Meyer) December, May; (6710, 6872 Elmer) November; (381 Whitford) June; (75, 359 Barnes) November, March; (2513, 3175 Merrill) June, October. Abundant in thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. British India to Malaya and Polynesia. 7. MURRAYA Linn. l. M. exotica Linn.; Hook. f. 1. ¢ 502. (1165, 1323 Whitford) March, May; (2804 Meyer) March. On ridges above 900 m., widely distributed in the Philippines, often cultivated. Tropical Asia, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. T., Camuning. 8. CLAUSENA Burm. 1. ©. anisum-olens (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 21. C. war- burgit Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 162. (1231, 1422, 1796, 38065 Borden) June, May; (2509 Merrill) June; (1339 ° Whitford) May. Common in open forests and thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Calomata, Mala-anis, Cayomanis. 9. ATALANTIA Correa. 1. A. disticha (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 28. (3118 Meyer) May; (3052 Borden) May; (1069, 1300 Whitford) January, June; (3789 Merrill) January. In thickets along the river 100 to 800 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Maladayap, Malacabuyao. 70 10. CITRUS Linn. 1. C. hystrix DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1875) 515. (2312, 2766 Meyer) December, February; (6828 Elmer) November; (1361, 1545, 2736 Borden) July, March; (517 Whitford) July. In forests 100 to 1,000 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. British India, Malaya. T., Cabuyao. SIMARUBACE£. 1. BRUCEA J. 8S. Muell. 1. B. luzoniensis Vidal, Sinopsis, Atlas (1883) 19, ¢. 26. f. B. (181, 480 Whitford) May, July; (6786 Elmer) November; (6165 Leiberg) July; (1766, 2750 Borden) August, March; (2608 Meyer) February. In forests 100 to 800 m. Endemic. 2. B. membranacea Merrill, n. sp. A shrub or small tree 5 to 6 m. high, with 3 to 4 jugate, odd pinnate leaves about 20 em. long, the leaflets nearly glabrous, membranous, subentire or rather distantly toothed above, the inflorescence axillary, 10 cm, long or less. Branches light gray, lenticellate, ferruginous pubescent, the younger ones densely so. Leaves alternate, the rhachis more or less ferruginous pubescent; leaflets ovate to oblong-ovate, base slightly inequilateral, rounded or acute, the apex shortly blunt acuminate, 4 to 6 em. long, 2 to 3 em. wide, the midrib above and the midrib and nerves beneath ferruginous pubescent, otherwise glabrous; nerves about 7 pairs; petiolules densely pubescent, 3 to 4 mm. long. Inflorescence densely ferru- ginous pubescent, axillary, the flowers green, disposed in very small, few flowered cymes along the rhachis, these cymes 1 em. long or less, rarely more than three flowered. Sepals slightly pubescent. Petals ovate to elliptical ovate, not reflexed, 1.5 mm. long, glabrous. Ovary glabrous. Staminate flowers similar to the pistil- late, the stamens very short, not exserted, scarcely exceeding the disk. (2799, 2800 Meyer) March, 1905. On exposed ridges at 1,000 m. This species agrees in some respects with Vidal’s description of Brucea luzon- iensis, differing from that species as described by Vidal in its broader, not reflexed petals, very short stamens, and smaller leaves and _ leaflets, agreeing with his description in its short inflorescence. The specimens above referred to Brucea luzoniensis all have very much elongated panicles. 2. AILANTHUS Desf. 1. A. philippinensis Merr. Govt. Lab, Publ. 35 (1905) 25. (2719 Borden) February. In forests at 150 m. Endemic. BURSERACE. 1. CANARIUM Linn. 1. C. ahernianum Merrill, n. sp. A tree 20 to 25 m. high. Branches thickened, densely ferruginous pubescent with short hairs, the ultimate branchlets often 1 cm. or more in diameter, the leaf scars large and prominent. Leaves crowded toward the ends of the branchlets, 30 to 40 em. long, 5 to 6 jugate, the rhachis rather densely ferruginous pubescent, becoming somewhat glabrous in age; leaflets oblong, entire, acuminate, the base rounded, often inequilateral, 10 to 14 em. long, 4 to 6.5 em. wide, firm, usually shining on both surfaces, often pale when dry, densely ferruginous pub- escent on the midrib above and often somewhat pubescent on the nerves and reticulations, becoming subglabrous, beneath prominently pubescent on the midrib wae ee ee oe ae ae | ee. ae * Mil ig ON CRW ce a 71 nerves and reticulations, both surfaces strongly, densely reticulate; nerves very prominent beneath, spreading-ascending, anastomosing near the margin, 15 to 20 on each side of the midrib; petiolules 5 to 10 mm. long, densely ferruginous pubescent. Flowers unknown. Panicles in infrutescence short, stout, axillary, about 7 em, long, very densely ferruginous pubescent. Drupe broadly ovoid, strongly 3-angled, about 3 cm. long, 2 em. thick, strongly and densely wrinkled reticulate when dry, pale brown, often somewhat glaucous, with few scattered ferruginous hairs, densely ferruginous pubescent at the base, the apex blunt. Per- sistent calyx 3-lobed, densely ferruginous pubescent on both sides, thick, the lobes 5 to 6 mm. long, the pedicels stout, short. (123 Barnes) January; (1254 Whitford) May. Province of Rizal, Luzon (422 Ahern’s collector) February. In forests 60 to 200 m. According to Barnes the tree yields a considerable amount of pitch, and according to Ahern’s collector the seeds are edible. A species apparently related to Canarium bersamifolium Perk., with which it was at first identified, but distinguished from that species by its ferruginous pubescent leaves, somewhat larger fruits, and other characters. 2. C. lucidum Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 94. (1154 Whitford) March. On exposed ridges at 900 m. Endemic. It is pos- sible that No, 296 Whitford should also be referred here, but in some respects it seems closer to Canarium villosum. 3. C. luzonicum (Miq.) A. Gray; Merrill, Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 53. C. carapifolium Perk. 1. e. 91. (1753 Borden) August. In forests at 200 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Endemic. T., Pili. 4. C. radikoferi Perk. 1. ¢. 96. (329 Barnes) February; (2558 Borden) February. In forests 15 to 100 m., apparently not abundant. Endemic. 5. C. villosum (Blume) F.-Vill.; Merrill, Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 27. (74, 376 Whitford) April, June; (2556 Merrill) June; (125 Barnes) January; (697, 1284, 1311, 1312, 1314, 1319, 1554, 1558, 1564, 1676 Borden) May, July. Abundant in thickets and open forests below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Palsahinguin, Pagsahinguin. 2. SANTIRIA Blume. 1. S. nitida Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 29. (517, 597 Barnes) March, November; (638, 808, 2912 Borden) May, March; (2786 Meyer) February. In forests 100 to 700 m. Endemic. T., Alupag macsin. MELIACEZ. 1. XYLOCARPUS Kenig. l. X. granatum Keenig. Carapa moluccensis Lam.; Hiern in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1875) 567. (Whitford) June, 1904. In the strand forest only, widely distributed along the seashore in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. T., Tabiqui. 2. SANDORICUM Cav. 1. &. indicum Cav.; C. DC. 1. c. 461. (1379, 1392, 1640, 1650, 1651 Borden) July, August; (357 Barnes) March; (77, 377 Whitford) April, June. Abundant in forests and thickets below 150 m., widely distributed in the Philippines and frequently cultivated for its edible fruits. Malaya. T., Santol. ae eal TL A. Cea 72 3. DYSOXYLUM Blume. 1. D. altissimum Merr. Govt, Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 25. (624 Borden) April. In forests at 100 m. Endemic. T., Guso. 2. D. cumingianum ©. DC, |. c. 498. (1332 Whitford) May; (2638 Meyer) February. In forests in cafions, 400 to 600 m. Endemic. 3. D. rubrum Merr. Govt, Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 32. (1293 Whitford) May; (2013 Borden) October. In forests 80 to 180 m. Endemie. 4. D. turezaninowii C. DC. 1. ¢. 501. Amoora macrocarpa Merry. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 24. (3731 Merrill) January; (6908 Elmer) November; (2634 Meyer) February; (1365 Borden) July; (474, 1199, 1217 Whitford) July, March, April. In forests, 500 to 800 m. Endemic. T., Tazglin. 4. CHISOCHETON Blume. 1. C. cumingianus (C. DC.) Harms, in Engler und Prantl. Pflanzenfam. 3 (1896) 4: 294. (2644 Meyer) February; (193, 1314 Whitford) May, June. In forests in eafions 225 to 600 m. Endemic. T., Cato. 2. C. philippinus (Turez.) Harms, I. c. 296. (651, 718, 1656, 1689, 1800, 2049 Borden) April to October; (78, 518 Barnes) November; (2250 Meyer) December; (1470 Ahern’s collector) August; (6127 Leiberg) July. Common in forests 100 to 200 m., widely distributed in the Phil- ippines. Endemic. T., Cato-macsin. This species was erroneously referred by the author’ to Chisochiton pentandrus (Trichilia pentandra Blanco). Blanco’s species is quite distinct however. 3. C. tetrapetalus Turez.; C. DC. Monog. Phan. 1 (1878) 530. (675, 1653, 1743 Borden) May, August; (1482 Ahern’s collector) August; (1039 Whitford) December. In forests 75 to 200 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Agogoy, also Cato and Cato-maesin, 6. REINWARDTIODENDRON Koord. 1. R. merrillii Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 74. (59, 594, Barnes) October, March; (6766 Hlmer) November; . (3149 Merrill) October; (1368, 1762, 2060 Borden) July, October. In forests 100 to 500 m. Known only from Luzon, a second species of the genus being known from Celebes. T., Malacamanga. 7. AMOORA Roxb. 1. A. aherniana Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 24. (823 Borden) June. In forests at 600 m. Endemic. T., Cato. 2. A. cumingiana ©. DC. 1. ¢. 580. (522, 1041 Whitford) July, January; (2530 Merrill) June; (2563 Borden) February. In forests below 200 m. Endemic, 8. AGLAIA Lour. 1. A. bordenii Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 22. (631, 714, 1749 Borden) April, August; (3159 Merrill) October; (1231 Whit- ford) April; (1500 Ahern’s collector) August. In forests 100 to 400 m. Endemic, T., Potian. 1 Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 31. 73 2. A. denticulata Turcz.; C. DC. 1. c. 612. (3008 Meyer) May; (1923, 2953 Borden) September, March; (6729 Elmer) November; (1234 Whitford) April; (1450 Ahern’s collector) July; (2510, 3134 Merrill) June, October. In forests 100 to 350., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Endemic. T., Bayanti. 3. A. harmsiana Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 32. (66 Whitford) April; (2255 Meyer) December; (62, 503, 616 Barnes) October, November, April; (1754 Borden) August. In forests 100 to 200 m. Endemic, T., Malatumbaga. I have some doubt regarding the identification of the above specimens, as the leaves are 4 to 6 jugate instead of 2 to 3 jugate as described by Perkins, while our specimens of No, 422 Ahern have 5 jugate leaves, this number being cited by Perkins in her description of the species. 4. A. micrantha Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 22. (3120 Meyer) May; (104, 215, 477, 1230 Whitford) April; (1195 Borden) June; (3724 Merrill) January. In forests 300 to 700 m., the fruit edible. Endemic. T., Lansones bundoc, Mansanas. 5. A. pauciflora Merr, 1. ¢. (6699 Elmer) November. Endemic. 6. A. multiflora Merr. sp. nov. § Huaglaia. A tree with alternate 4 to 5 jugate leaves, and large axillary many flowered panicles nearly equaling the leaves, the flowers 3 mm. long, the staminal tube free from the petals. Branches finely and densely brownish gray lepidote. Leaves about 35 cm. long, the rhachis about 23 em. long, more or less lepidote; leaflets alternate, oblong or oblong ovate, 10 to 14 em. long, 4.5 to 6 em. wide, chartaceous, dull, glabrous above, only slightly lepidote on and near the veins beneath, short blunt acuminate, the base usually rounded, often strongly inequilateral; lateral nerves prominent beneath, 9 to 12 pairs; petiolules about 5 mm, long. Panicles 20 to 25 em. long, many branched, the primary branches often 15 em. long, many flowered, the flowers racemosely disposed, the rhachis, branches, branchlets, short pedicels and calyces more or less brown lepidote, the pedicels about 1 mm. long. Flowers 3 mm. long. Calyx shortly 5 lobed, the lobes acute. Petals 5, glabrous, obong elliptical obtuse, 3 mm. long, 1.5 wide. Staminal tube free from the petals, ovoid or obovoid, much contracted and nearly closed at the apex, glabrous, 3 mm. long. Stamens 5, inserted below the middle of the tube, included, the anthers 1.5 mm. long. (1420 Ahern’s collector) July, 1904. In forests. T., Malatumbaga. A species in some respects resembling Aglaia macrobotrys Turez., differing from that species especially in its flowers which are about twice as large. Somewhat resembling Aglaia turczaninowi C, DC., but the staminal tube not at all united with the corolla. 7. A. turezaninowii ©. DC. 1. ¢. 623. Amoora lepidota Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 23. (3173 Merrill) October; (1492 Ahern’s collector) July; (373 Whitford) July; (694, 1764, 1964 Borden) May to October. In forests 100 to 200 m. Endemic. A variable species, to which Amoora lepidota Merr., must certainly be reduced. The stamens vary from 6 to 10, and frequently the staminal tube is only slightly united with the corolla. MALPIGHIACE. 1. TRISTELLATEIA Thours. 1. T. australasica Rich.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 418. (1444 Ahern’s collector) July. A scandent shrub in thickets along the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya to tropical Australia. es area es ee Rt ho ae gee ne eee are. 74 2. HIPTAGE Gaertn. 1. H. luzonica Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 33. (1148 Whitford) March. § a ill Pier ai 0 ae tala , ce a. ver Y pee Ns 39" oe | | : i . ¢ 89 Meyer) December. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. British India and Malaya. T., Ayo. 2. T. sp. (7?) (7004 Elmer) November; (71 Barnes) November. Specimens with fruit only. 2. CISSUS Linn. 1. C. adnata (Roxb.) Planch. 1. e. 494. (512 Whitford) July; (2519 Merrill) June. In thickets below 100 m. British India to southern China and Malaya. 2. C. japonica Willd.; Planch. 1]. ¢. 561. (6672 Elmer) November; (2170 Meyer) December; (23 Whitford) April; (2535 Merrill) June. In thickets below 100 m. Japan to China, Java, New Caledonia, and Australia. T., Calit-calit. 3. C. geniculata Blume, Planch. 1. ¢. 572. (6700 Elmer) November; (1786 Borden) August; (2531 Merrill) June. In thickets below 100 m. Cochin China and Malaya. 4. C. rostrata (Miq.) Korth.; Planch. 1. ¢. 500. (6669 Elmer) November; (1927, 2122 Borden) October, November; (3793 Merrill) January; (1056 Whitford) January; (2193 Meyer) December. In thickets below 100 m. Java and New Guinea. 5. C. repens (Lam.) Planch. |. ¢. 504. (3151 Merrill) October; (1785, 1795 Borden) August, September; (6708, 6751 Eimer) November. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. British India, Malaya, and Australia. 6. C. sp. (7?) (2495 Borden, 2510 Meyer) January. In thickets at 600 m., staminate flowers only. T., Latgitic. 3. LEEA Linn. I. L. manillensis Walp. Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 314. (14 Whitford) April; (2552, 3163 Merrill) June, Oetober; (2187 Meyer) De- cember; (721 Borden) May. Along the river, and in thickets below 200 m., the whole inflorescence bright red, previously identified by the author and distributed as L. rubra Blume. Endemic. Caliantang, Taliantang. 2. L. sambucina Willd.; King, Mat. FI. Malay. Penin. 700. 1896. (3883 Merrill) August; (6651 Elmer) November. In forests at about 1,000 m. British India and Malaya. 3. L. philippinensis Merrill, sp. nov. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 10 m. high, with glabrous pinnate leaves, lanceolate to oblong lanceolate, long acuminate leaflets, the flowers greenish white, yellowish, or sometimes tinged with pink. Branches light brown, lenticellate, not at all pubescent, terete. Leaves 20 to 50 em. long, simply pinnate, the leaflets 5 to 13; rhachis glabrous, terete, the petiole channeled above; leaflets 8 to 20 em. long, 2 to 6 em. wide, glabrous, dull, subcoriaceous, the base acute, the apex long acuminate, the acumen blunt, the margins rather coarsely crenate- dentate; nerves 9 to 11 on each side of the midrib, usually not prominent ; petiolules 1 em. long, that of the terminal leaflet longer. Cymes up to 10 em. long on stout peduncles 6 cm. long or less, the branches and especially the branchlets ferruginous pubescent or puberulent, often 20 em. across, but frequently much smaller. Calyx green, glabrous, or when young puberulent, the buds obovoid, the teeth broad, short, acute. Petals oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous, about 4 mm. long, yellowish or greenish white, sometimes slightly pink. Staminal tube notched, about 5 mm. long. Fruits brown, glabrous, depressed globose, about 1.5 em. thick, 1 em. long, wrinkled when dry; seeds three, subglobose, about 6 mm. in diameter, glabrous, reticulate. 90 (28, 496, 1200 Whitford) March to July; (1192, 1232, 1326, 1740, 1922 Borden) June to September; (6686, 6693 Elmer) November; (6149 Leiberg) July; (1516 Ahern’s collector, type) July; (2172, 2779 Meyer) December, February ; (2507 Merrill) June; (149 Barnes) January. In thickets 25 to 75 m., extending along the river valley to an altitude of about 500m. T., Taliantang, Maguilic. A species apparently constantly with simply pinnate leaves, distinguished moreover from Leea sambucina by its obovoid buds and long acuminate leaflets, and from L. javanica and L. aquata by its glabrous leaves. The forms from the higher altitudes are constantly with smaller leaves and much smaller cymes than those from the lower regions. MALVALES. ELAKOCARPACE.. 1. ELAEOCARPUS Linn. ‘ 1. E. monocera Cav. leon. 6 (1801) 1. ¢. 507. (1574, 1804 Borden) August, September, 1904. In forests at about 130 m., apparently rare in the Philippines. King* retains as a distinet species, and ap- parently correctly so, Elaeocarpus obtusus Blume, the latter species having been reduced by Masters* to H. monocera Cay. Cavanilles’ species is apparently distinet from Blume’s and endemic. 2. E. oblongus Gaertn.; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 403. (3852 Meyer) March; (2937 Borden) March. In forests 200 to 500 m. British India and Malaya. GONYSTY LACE.Y. 1. GONYSTYLUS T. ct B. 1. G. bancanus (Miq.) Gilg.; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 79. (824 Borden) June. In forests at 600 m. Java, Sumatra, and Banca. This specimen is sterile, but is manifestly identical with No, 1078 Merrill, so identified by Dr. Perkins. TILIACEE. 1. CORCHORUS Linn, 1. C. acutangulus Lam.; Mast. in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 398, (1912 Borden) September. In open places along the river in the lowlands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Generally distributed in the Tropics. 2. GREWIA Linn. 1. G. multiflora Juss.; Mast. 1. ¢. 388. (1920, 2050 Borden) September; (3144 Merrill) October; (6877 Elmer) No- vember; (1502 Ahern’s collector) August. In thickets below 100 m., common and widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa and Malaya. T., Danglin. 2. G. stylocarpa Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl, Philip. (1904) 104. (20, 105 Whitford) April; (2782 Meyer) February; (652, 676, 1194, 2564 Borden) April to February; (688 Barnes) March. In forests 100-to 600° m. Endemic. T., Susumbiic. ' Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 60 (1891) 2: 134, 135. 2 Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 405. 91 3. G. tilizefolia Vahl.; Mast. 1. c 386. (1288 Whitford) May; (1489 Ahern’s collector ) August; (3048 Borden) May. In thickets below 100 m. British India and tropical Africa. 4. G. umbellata Roxb.; Mast. 1. ¢. 385. (1483 Ahern’s collector) August. In thickets near the seashore. British India and Malaya. 3. COLUMBIA Pers. 1. C. serratifolia (Cav.) DC. Prodr. 1 (1824) 512. Colona serratifolia Cav.; Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 6 (1904) 16. (766, 1276, 1385 Borden) May, July; (1488 Ahern’s collector) July; (382 Whitford) June. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Celebes. T., Anilao. 4. TRIUMFETTA Linn. 1. T. rhomboidea Jacq.; Mast. 1. ¢. 395. (2182 Meyer) December; (6733 Elmer) November; (3294 Merrill) October. In open grass lands and waste places, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Malaya. T., Calutan. MALVACE. 1. ABUTILON Gaertn. 1. A. indicum (Linn.) G. Don.; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 326. (2038 Borden) October. Open places near the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. Sp.-Fil., Malbas. 2. MALVASTRUM A. Gray. 1, N. coromandelianum (Willd.) Garcke, Bonplandia, 5 (1857) 297. M. tricuspidatum (Ait.) A. Gray; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 321. (1950 Borden) October. In open thickets near the seashore. Tropics generally. 3. SIDA Linn. 1. S. cordifolia Linn.; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, 1 (1874) 324. (1939 Borden) October. In thickets near the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. 2. S. carpinifolia Linn.; Mast. 1. c. 323. (6776 Elmer) November. In open thickets and grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. 3. S. humilis Willd.; Mast. 1. ec. 322. (3304 Merrill) October. In open thickets. Tropics generally. 4, S. mysorensis W. et A.; Mast. 1. ce. 322. (3272 Merrill) October; (1946 Borden) October. In open thickets and grass lands below 100 m. British India and Malaya. ; 4. S. retusa Linn.; DC. Prodr. 1 (1824) 462. 8. rhombifolia var. retusa Mast., 1. ¢. 324. (1941 Borden) October; (6773 Elmer) November. In open dry grass lands, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropies generally. 5. S. rhombifolia Linn.; Mast. ]. e. 323. (1945 Borden) October. In dry thickets, common and widely distributed. Tropics generally. : 92 4. MALACHRA Linn. 1. M. fasciata Jacq. var. lineariloba (Turez.) Giirke in Engler’s Bot, Jahrb. 16 (1893) 355. (6722 Elmer) November; (2067 Borden) October; (3169 Merrill) October. In waste places and thickets about houses and along trails, common and widely distributed in the Philippines, certainly introduced from tropical America, and possibly not distinct from the species. 5. URENA Linn. 1. U. lobata Linn., var. scabriuscula Mast.; Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 329. (6774 Elmer) November; (3261 Merrill) October; (Whitford) April. In open grassy places below 100 m. British India. 2. U. sinuata Linn.; Mast. 1. c. (3271 Merrill) October; (6775 Hlmer) November. In open grassy places, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. T., Calutcalutan. 6. HIBISCUS Linn. 1. H. schizopetalus Hook. f. Bot. Mag. ¢. 6524. (226 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest. Fl., coll. Borden, October. Generally cul- tivated throughout the Philippines, not spontaneous. T., Gomamela. 2. H. surattensis Linn.; Mast. 1]. c. 334. (1963 Borden) October; (6738 Elmer) November. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and Aus- tralia. T., Sagnit. 3. H. tiliaceus Linn.; Mast. 1. ¢. 343. (134 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest Fl., coll. Ahern’s collector, July. Seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropies generally. T., Malibago, Balibago. 7. ABELMOSCHUS Medik. 1. A. moschatus Medik.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1 (151) 2: 1859. Hibiscus abel- moschus Linn.; Mast. 1. ¢e. 342. (1820, 1902 Borden) September; (6739 Hlmer) November. In thickets and open places below 100 m., widely distributed in) the Philippines. Tropics gen- erally, cultivated or wild. T., Castuli. 8. THESPESIA Corr. 1. T. lampas (Cav.) Dalz. et Gibs.; Mast. 1. ¢, 345. (2065, 2332 Borden) October, December; (2283 Meyer) December. In dry thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Malaya. T., Bulacbulac. 2. T. populnea (Linn.) Corr.; Mast. 1. e. 345. (2039 Borden) October; (2297 Meyer) January. In thickets along the sea- shore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and Polynesia. T., Banalo. BOMBACACE. 1. BOMBAX Linn. 1. B. ceiba Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 511. B. malabaricum DC.; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 349. (1543, 1546, 1561, 2725 Borden) August, March, 1905; (332 Barnes) February. In forests and thickets below 130 m. British India and Malaya. T., Malabulge. sat has eR ra aes i weap. 3? teen PS ae a eae " Te a, ee | 93 2. CEIBA Gaertn. 1. C. pentandra (Linn.) Gaertn, Fruct. 2 (1791) 244. ¢. 133. Hriodendron anfractuosum DC.; Mast. 1. ¢, 350. (416 Whitford) June. In thickets and old clearings below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally, cultivated or wild. T., Boboi. PAREITALES. STERCULIACE. 1. MELOCHIA Linn. 1. M. indica (Houtt.) A. Gray; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 112. MW. velu- tina Bedd. ; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1874) 374. MW. arborea Blanco. (6874 Elmer) November. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. British India and Malaya. T., Anibiong. 2. M. corchorifolia Linn.; Mast. 1. ¢. 374. (1917 Borden) September. In thickets and open places below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. , 2. WALTHERIA Linn. 1, W. americana Linn.; DC. Prodr. 1 (1824) 492. W. indica Linn.; Mast. ]. ec. 374. (3269 Merrill) October. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. 3. COMMERSONIA Forst. 1. C. platyphylla Andr.; Mast. 1. ¢. 378. (2227 Meyer) December; (6690 Elmer) November; (1457 Ahern’s collector) July; (2471 Borden) January. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya. T., Anabo. 4. ABROMA Linn. f. 1. A. augusta Linn. f.; Mast..1. c. 375. . (2324 Borden) December. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Malaya. T., Anabo, Anabong. 5. PTEROSPERMUM Schreb. 1. P. niveum Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 67. (1042 Whitford) December; (2470 Borden) January. In forests and thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. T., Bayog. 2. P. obliquum Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 529. (2257 Meyer) December; (1645, 2370 Borden) August, January; (1045 Whit- ford) December; (72 Barnes) November. In forests and thickets below 120 m. Endemic. T., Bayog. 6. HELICTERES Linn. 1. H. hirsuta Lour.; King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 60 (1891) 2: 82. H. spicata Colebr.; Mast. 1. c. 366. (157 Barnes) January; (1602, 2018 Borden) August, October; (6648 Elmer) November; (95 Whitford) April; (3147 Merrill) October. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Malaya. 94 7. KLEINHOFIA Linn. 1. K. hospita Linn.; Mast. 1]. ec. 364. (6726 Elmer) November; (2240 Meyer) December; (1384, 1623, 1797 Borden) July, September. In forests and thickets below 100 m., common and widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Malaya. T., Tanag. 8. STERCULIA Linn. 1. S. brevipetiolata Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 40. (1907, 3028 Borden) September, May; (6829 Elmer) November; (1226 Whit- ford) April; (3023 Meyer) May; (6088 Leiberg) July; (200 Barnes) January. Forests 200 to 500 m. Endemic. 2. S. crassiramea Merr. ]. c. 29 (1905) 28. (1363 Whitford) September; (2258 Meyer) December. In forests at about 100 m. Endemic. T., Malapapaya. 3. S. foetida Linn.; Mast. 1. ¢. 354. (2936 Borden) March; (2301 Meyer) December; (6991 Elmer) November. In thickets and open forests below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and Australia. T., Calumpang. 4. S. montana Merr. |. c. 35 (1906) 40. (1221 Whitford) April; (6761 Eimer) November. In forests on exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Endemic. 5. S. oblongata R. Br. Pl. Jav. Rar. 288. (692, 1321 Borden) May, July. In forests at 150 m. Endemice. 9. PTEROCYMBIUM R. Br. 1, P. tinctorium (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 24. 7. java- nicum R. Br. Sterculia campanulata Wall. (744, 780, 1318, 2009 Borden) March to July. In forests and thickets below 200 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Malayan Peninsula and Archi- pelago. T., Taoto. 10. HERITIERA Ait. 1. H. litoralis Dry.; Mast. 1. ¢, 363. (1268 Whitford) May; (2474 Borden) January. Along the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Seacoasts of the Tropies of the Old World. T.., Dungon, Dungon late. 11. TARRIETIA Blume. 1. T. sylvatica (Vid.) Merr. Forest. Bureau Bull. 1 (1903) 38. Heritiera sylwatica Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 66. (Whitford) June. In forests at 400 m. Endemic. T., Dungon. DILLENIACES. 1. TETRACERA Linn. 1. T. sarmentosa (Linn.) Vahl.; Delima aspera Linn.; Hook. f. et Th. FI. Brit. Ind. 1 (1872) 31. (1910 Borden) September; (2558 Merrill) June; (383 Whitford) June. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Malaya. T., Malacatmon. 7. pili y= °95 2. DILLENIA Linn. 1. D. philippinensis Rolfe Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 307. (1259 Borden) June. In forests at 200 m., widely distributed in the Philip- pines. Endemic. 'T., Catmon. 2. D. luzoniensis (Vidal). Wormia luzoniensis Vidal, Rey. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 36. (13820 Whitford) June; (3063 Borden) May. In forests 140 to 400 m. Endemic. 3. SAURAUVIA Willd. 1. S. subglabra Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 43. (268 Whitford) May; (2767 Meyer) February. In forests in river canon at 800 m. Endemic. THEACEZ. 1. THEA Linn. 1. T. montana (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 21; l. « 35 (1906) 44, (304, 441 Whitford) May, July; (2402, 2831 Meyer) January, March; (6787, 6977 Elmer) November; (1196, 1362, 1905, 2378 Borden) June to January. In forests above 500 m. Endemie. 2. TERNSTRCEMIA Nutt. l. T. toquian (Blanco) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 18. T'aonabo toquian Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 21. (137, 150, 208 Barnes) January; (3206 Merrill) October; (1506 Ahern’s collector) July; (787, 835, 1351, 2381, 2935 Borden) May to March; (6899 Elmer) November; (2207, 2605, 2614, 2760 Meyer) December to February; (100. 337 Whitford) April, May. Abundant on forested ridges above 700 m. Endemic. T., Bicag. 3. ADINANDRA Jack. ° 1. A. luzonica Merr,. Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 29. - (6906 Elmer) November; (6057 Leiberg) July; (1360 Borden) July; (446. 1184 Whitford) July, March. Exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,200 m. Endemic. ’ 4. EURYA Thunb. 1. E. acuminata DC., var. euprista Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1872) 285. (2621, 2641 Meyer) February; (1192 Whitford) March; (2119 Borden) No- vember; (3712 Merrill) January; (1440 Ahern’s collector) August; (6813 Hlmer) November. On forested slopes and ridges in the mossy forest above 1,000 m. British India to Malaya and the Fiji Islands. 5. GORDONIA Ell. 1. Gordonia fragrans Merrill, sp. nov. A tree 6 to 18 m. high. Branches brown or gray, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous and shining on both surfaces, oblong lanceolate, 7 to 15 em. long, 2 to 5 em. wide, the margins obscurely, finely crenate, the apex obscurely blunt acuminate, the acumen retuse, the base acute; nerves obscure, scarcely more prominent than the lax reticulations; petioles stout, 5 mm. long or less. Flowers solitary, axillary, white, fragrant, about 5 em. in diameter, subsessile or shortly 96 pediceled. Bracts and calyx lobes rounded, pubescent. Petals 2 to 2.5 em. long, about 1.5 em. wide, rounded at the apex, densely appressed pubescent outside, slightly pubescent inside near the base, slightly united below. Stamens indefi- nite; filaments 7 to 8 mm. long, slightly united below and adnate to the corolla; anthers broadly ovate, 2 mm. long. Ovary oblong ovoid, glabrous or nearly so, 5-celled. Fruit oblong, woody, about 3 cm, long, appressed pubescent, the back of the lobes sulcate. Seeds, including the wing, 1.5 cm. long, the wing mem- branous, 5 mm. wide. (3805 Whitford) May; (2596 Meyer) February) (3732 Merrill) January; (809 Borden) May. In forests and on exposed ridges 600 to 1,100 m. GUTTIFEREZ.. 1. CRATOXYLON Blume. 1, C. blancoi Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2 (1856) 17. (1478 Ahern’s collector) August. In thickets below 100 m. Endemic. T., Guyong-guyong. 2. C. floribundum (Turez.) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 16. (1601, 2713, 3035 Borden) August, February, May; (27 Whitford) April; (3152 Merrill) October. In thickets below 100 m. Endemic. T., Guyong-guyong. 2. CALOPHYLLUM Linn. 1. C. inophyllum Linn.; Vesque in DC, Prodr. 8 (1893) 544. (2472 Borden) January; (2303 Meyer) December; (139 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest. Fl., coll. Ahern’s collector, July. Along the seashore, common throughout the Philippines. Tropical shores of the Old World. Sp.-Fil., Palo- maria del playa, Palomaria. T., Dancalan. 2. Calophyllum whitfordii Merrill, sp. nov. A tree about 20 m. high. Branches light gray, aften yellowish, glabrous, shining, the ultimate branchlets often slightly angular, slender. Leaves opposite, ovate-oblong to elliptical oblong, glabrous, coriaceous, the base acute, the apex somewhat prominently acuminate, the acumen blunt, 6 to 8 em. long, 2 to 4 em. wide; petioles about 1 cm. long, rugose when dry, rather slender, channeled above. Panicles terminal, and in the upper axils, 5 cm. long or less, the pedun- cles about 2 cm. long, slightly ferruginous pubescent, the branches ascending, few flowered, the pedicels 6 to 10 mm. long, slender, rather densely ferruginous puberulous. Flowers white, fragrant, 1.5 cm. in diameter. Outer two sepals with few short hairs, especially near the margins, becoming glabrous or nearly so, 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, the inner two sepals petaloid, 9 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, rounded. Petals 4, elliptical or slightly obovate, 8 mm. long, about 5.5 mm. wide. Stamens very numerous, the filaments free, 4.5 to 5 mm. long; anthers about 1 mm. long. Ovary subglobose, glabrous; style slender, 5 mm. long. Fruit ovoid, glabrous, about 13 mm. long, 10. mm. in diameter, minutely apiculate, dark colored when dry. (2613 Meyer) February; 1905 (type); (3836 Whitford) May, 1904; (785 Borden) May, 1904. Forested slopes at about 700 m., recognized by its rather small, acuminate leaves. T., Dataog. Sp.-Fil., Palomaria del monte. A very closely related if not identical form, is represented by the following specimens: (257, 1190 Whitford) May, 1904, March, 1905; (6907- Hlmer) No- vember, 1904; (1812 Borden) September, 1904; (142 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest Fl. coll. Ahern’s collector, July, 1904. The above specimens, distributed as C. pseudotacamahaca P|. et Tr., differ from Calophyllum whitfordii in their dark-colored branches and branchlets, smaller, Lh de - ~ OP ye! ee at “a 7 Vt | Bowee ed a mi? en eh, meagre are ' es : = ea i ii ay | 97 decidedly narrower leaves and larger fruits, but as no flowers are at present available, the specimens being all with fruit, the material is here enumerated under the species above proposed. 3. C. wallichianum PI. et Tr.; Vesque, 1. ¢. 599. (350, 495, 528, 554, 575 Barnes) November, March; (647, 2488 Borden) April, January; (21 Whitford) April. In forests 100 to 300 m. Malayan Peninsula. Sp.-Fil., Palomaria del monte. 3. KAYEA Wall. 1. K. paniculata (Blanco) Merr, Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 29. (2539 Merrill) June; (364 Barnes) Mareh: (748, 1767, 2933 Borden) May, August, March; (6080 Leiberg) July; (68, 379 Whitford) April, June. In forests along the river 75 to 200 m. Endemic. T., Carinas. 4. GARCINIA Linn. 1. G. binucao (Blanco) Choisy; Vesque 1. ¢. 454. @. cumingiana Pierre, Vesque 1. ¢. 434. (612, 713, 783 Borden) April, May; (170 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest FI., coll, Borden, April. In forests 100 to 200 m. Endemic. 1., Bilucao. 2. G. venulosa (Blanco) Choisy; Vesque 1. c. 408. (7) (615, 712, 2494, 3062 Borden) April, May; (1240 Whitford) May; (2511 Meyer) January. In forests, 25 to 160 m. Endemic. T., Tatlong anae. The above specimens agree in most of the characters assigned to this species by Blanco, but I am unable to determine at present whether or not material referred here by other authors is the same. DIPTEROCARPACE.. 1. DIPTEROCARPUS Gaertn. 1. D. grandiflorus Blanco, FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1847) 314; Brandis, Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 31 (1895) 37. (2908 Borden) March; (186 Barnes) January; (Whitford) June. Abundant in the hill forests 100 to 300 m. Malaya. T., Apitong. 2. D. vernicifluus Blanco 1. ¢.; Brandis 1. e. 31. Dipterocarpus velutinus Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 59. (358, 498, 501, 505, 524, 526, 537, 539, 552, 556, 561, 568, 577, 580, 592, 603, 609 Barnes) November to January; (309, 310 Whitford) May; (654, 655, 656, 664, 665, 666, 810, 1404, 1408, 1524, 1526, 1532, 1534, 1537, 1612, 1634, 1685, 1688, 2131, 2911 Borden) April to March. Abundant in the hill forests, ascending to 700 m. Endemic. T., Panao, 2. ANISOPTERA Korth. 1. A. vidaliana Brandis Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 (1895) 45. (707, 743, 1317, 1322, 1377, 1381, 1390, 1407, 1409, 1527, 1616, 1623, 1633, 1635, 1637, 1638, 1641, 1643, 1647, 1649, 1657, 1658, 1667, 1675, 1691, 1788, 1789, 1792, 2128 Borden) May to September; (352, 1223 Whitford) June, April; (488, 593 Barnes) March, (3154 Merrill) October; (2256 Meyer) December ; (1485 Ahern’s collector) August. Abundant in forests near the river below 200 m. Endemic. T., Mayapis. This species is apparently not sufficiently distinct from A. thurifera Blanco, abundant material showing intergradations between this species and A. thurifera Blanco and A. calophylla Perk. 395247 YS 3. HOPEA Roxb. 1. A. acuminata Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 30. (335 Whitford) May; (786, 825, 1175, 1245, 1592 Borden) May, August; (3864 Merrill) August. Forests 100 to 800 m. Endemic. T., Dalindingan. 4. SHOREA Roxb. 1. S. contorta Vidal, Sinopsis, Atlas (1883) 15 ¢. 15. f. H.; Rev, Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 61; Brandis, 1. c. 88. (504, 511, 519, 536, 538, 534, 598, 605 Barnes) November, March; (293 Whit- ford) May; (72 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest Fl., coll. Barnes, January; (650, 653, 677, 821, 1748 Borden) April, August. In forests 100 to 600 m. Endemic. T., Lauan. 2. S. guiso (Blanco) Blume; Brandis l. ce. 89. (659, 1179, 1398, 1525, 1530, 1533, 1559, 1572, 1799 Borden) April, September ; (490, 491, 530, 508, 543, 545, 550, 553, 572, 576, 581 Barnes) November, March; (71 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest FI., coll. Barnes, January. In forest 100 to 300 m. Endemic. T., Guiso, Guijo. 3. S. polysperma (Blanco) Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 29. (734, 784, 819, 1248, 1410, 2130 Borden) May, September; (1382 Whitford) May; (606 Barnes) January; (187 Merrill) Decades Phil. Forest FI., coll. Borden, June. Forests 100 to 800 m. Endemic. T., Tinguili. 4. S. furfuracea Miq.; Brandis 1. ¢. 98. (Meyer) April. In forests at 800 m., sterile specimens but manifestly this species. Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago. 5. VATICA Linn. 1. V. mangachapoi Blanco; Brandis, |. ec. 134. (804, 815, 1593 Borden) May, August; (3896 Merrill) August; (306, 1224 Whitford) May, April. Forests 700 to 1,200 m. Endemic. The above specimens certainly represent the species as interpreted by Vidal and accepted by Brandis, but as noted by Brandis, Blanco’s description does not apply closely. The tree is apparently not well known to the natives of the region surrounding Mount Mariveles, as no native name was obtained. Specimens from the mountains back of Manila, identical with those cited above, bear the Tagalog names Lisican and Dangui. BIXACEZ. 1. BIXA Linn. 1. B. orellana Linn. Sp. Pl. (1758) 512. (2247 Meyer) December. In deserted clearings, below 100 m., introduced from tropical America and now widely distributed in the Philippines. Sp.-Fil., Achuete. FLACOURTIACE.X. 1. SCOLOPIA Schreb. 1. S. luzonensis (Presl) Warb. in Engler und Prant]. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 (1893) 6: ‘30. fs 11. (1197, 1244 Whitford) March, May; (773 Borden) May. In thickets near the seashore and also on forested ridges at 800 m. Endemic. A species doubtfully distinct from the widely distributed Scolopia crenata Clos. vu Pee 99 2. HOMALIUM Jacq. 1. H. luzoniense F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880-83) 94. (2071 Borden) October. In thickets below 100 m. Endemic. 3. FLACOURTIA Juss. 1. F. inermis Roxb.; Hook. f. et Th. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1872) 192. (1744 Borden) August; (1252 Whitford) May. In forests at about 200 m. Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago. 4. CASEARIA Jacq. 1. C. cinerea Turez. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 31 (1858) 462. (1775 Borden) August; (2822 Meyer) March. In forests at 600 m. En- demic. (7?) Vidal retains this species as a distinct one, but Hooker f., and King reduce it to the widely distributed Casearia grewiefolia Vent. 2. C. fuliginosa Blanco, FI, Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 262. (2300 Meyer) December; (2706 Borden) February. In thickets below 100 m. Kndemic. 3. C. solida Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 46. (2499, 3722 Merrill) June, January; (626, 670, 1230, 1233, 3055 Borden) April, May; (192, 526, 1194 Whitford) July, May; (6791, 7006 Elmer) No- vember; (2810 Meyer) March. Forests 100 to 800 m. Endemice. 4. Casearia crenata Merrill, sp. nov. A shrub or small tree, 4 to 12 m. high. Branches slender, glabrous, often slightly glaucous, nearly black when dry. Leaves elliptical ovate, glabrous on both surfaces, submembranous, 7 to 12 em. long, 4 to 6.5 em. wide, the base acute, rarely subtruncate, inequilateral, the apex rather prominently acuminate, the acumen blunt, the margins crenate except near the base, the teeth small ; nerves 7 to 9 on each side of the midrib, somewhat prominent beneath, the reticulations distinet; petioles slender, 1 to 1.5 em. long. Flowers few, two to four in each axil, greenish white, the pedicels cinereous-puberulous, 2 to 3 mm. long. Calyx lobes 5, elliptical ovate, acute or obtuse, 3.5 to 4 mm. long, 2.5 to 3 mm. wide, slightly pubescent. Stamens 8; filaments 1.2 mm. long, glabrous; anthers ovate, 0.8 mm. long. Staminodes oblong, 1 mm. long, glabrous below, the apex and margins above lanate. Ovary narrowly ovoid, 2 mm. long, glabrous; style nearly obsolete; stigma capitate. Fruit yellow, glabrous, ellipsoid, about 2 em. long, 3-valved. Seeds few, broadly ovoid, glabrous, acute, 4.5 mm. long, surrounded by a thin, pale, more or less lacerate aril. (1150, 1210 Whitford) March, 1905; (1504 Ahern’s collector ) July, 1904. On exposed forested ridges in the mossy forest at 900 m. 5. Casearia polyantha Merrill, sp. nov. A tree about 12 m. high, glabrous throughout. Branches slender, gray or grayish brown. Leaves oblong, subcoriaceous, glabrous, shining, 10 to 13 em. long, 3.5 to 5.5 em. wide, the base inequilateral, subtruncate or sometimes some- what acute, the apex acute or somewhat acuminate, the margins rather finely crenate-dentate; nerves 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib, somewhat prominent beneath, the reticulations fine, distinct; petoles 1 to 1.7 em. long. Flowers very numerous, crowded in the axils of the leaves, frequently 50 to 80 flowers in an axil, greenish white or yellowish, the pedicels slender minutely cinereous puber- ulent, 6 to 8 mm. long. Calyx lobes 5, oblong, acute, somewhat puberulent, 3 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide. Stamens 8 to 10; filaments slender, glabrous, nearly 3 mm. long; anthers narrowly ovoid, 1 mm. long. Staminodes linear, 1.5 mm. 100 long, densely lanate. Ovary glabrous, narrowly ovoid; style 2 mm. long; stigma capitate. Fruit oblong-ovoid about 2 em. long, | em. thick when dry, yellow, glabrous, apiculate, 6 ribbed when dry, 3-valved. Seeds many, ovoid to oblong ovoid, 4 to 5 mm. long, somewhat compressed, acute, often minutely apiculate, glabrous, nearly or quite surrounded by the thin, pale, lacerate aril. (3039 Borden) May, 1905; (138 Merrill) Decades Philip. Forest Fl., coll. Borden) July, distributed as Casearia fuliginosa Blanco. In forests at about 130 m., T., Calauag. The type of the species is No. 3143 Ahern’s collector, Antipolo, Province of Rizal, June, 1905. PASSIFLORACE.LY. 1. MODECCA Lam. 1. M. coccinea Blanco, FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 453. (7, 69, 1048 Whitford) April, January; (2927 Borden) Mareh > (6782 Elmer) November. In forests 70 to 200 m. The above specimens are all with fruits only, and accordingly | am unable definitely to determine at this time whether or not Blanco’s species is valid, or whether it should be reduced to some Malayan or Asiatic form. The species is rather common and widely distributed in Luzon, in dry thickets and open forests. Following Engler, Modecca is a synonym of Adenia, but with the present doubt regarding the validity of Blanco’s species, it is for the present retained in Modecca rather than to make a new combination. 2. M. triloba Blanco, |. ce. 452 non (7%) Roxb. (1757, 2352 Borden) August, January. In forests at about 100 m. The remarks under the preceding species apply also to the present form. CARICACE#. 1. CARICA Linn. 1. C. papaya Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1056, Occasionally cultivated about dwellings at Lamao, widely distributed in the Philippines. Introduced from tropical America. Sp.-Fil., Papaya, DATISCACE.%. 1. OCTOMELES Mig. 1. O. sumatrana Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. Suppl. (1860) 336. (2943 Borden) March. In forests at 130 m. Malaya and New Guinea. T., Cabal. According to Warburg, the Philippine and Eastern Malayan form is a distinct species, Octomeles moluccana Warb., but this is reduced by Schumann and Lauter- bach? to O. sumatra Miq. BEGONIACE.Y. 1. BEGONIA Linn. 1. B. rhombicarpa A. DC. Ann. Se. Nat. IV. 11 (1859) 129. (204, 492, 499, 500, 1297, 1345 Whitford) July to September; (3124, 3862 Merrill) October, August; (6949, 6680 Elmer) November; (753 Borden) May. On damp banks in ravines, wet or dry cliffs, along streams, and on usually 1 FI], Deutsch. Schutzgebiete Siidsee (1901) 457. eT’ a 2 * Q pi Se * : ye ere? eee ore 101 damp mossy cliffs on exposed ridges, 75 to 1,300 m. Endemic. T., Pingol bato. Variable in vegetative characters, the form growing on dryer banks and cliffs with small leaves like the type (510 Cuming), the form in more shaded moist places with larger leaves approaching Begonia merrillii Warb., which is possibly not distinct from B. rhombicarpa A. DC. ments asp: (3734 Merrill) January. On damp cliffs, exposed ridges at 1,100 m. Vege- tative characters of luxuriant forms of the preceding species but with very much larger fruits. MYRTIFLORZ. THY MELIACE.®. 1. PHALERIA Jack. 1. P. cumingii (Meissn.) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 183. (1446 Ahern’s collector) July; (3181 Merrill) October; (473, 1321 Whitford) July, June; (2219 Meyer) December, 1904. In thickets and forests 75 to 400 m. Endemic. 2. WICKSTRCEMIA Endl. 1. W. lanceolata Merr, Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 31. (1151 Whitford) March; (6901 Elmer) November. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 900 m. Endemic. : 2. W. meyeniana Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl, Philip. (1905) 171. (6793 Elmer) November; (3892 Merrill) August; (2176 Meyer) December; (527 Whitford) July. In forests 75 to 200 m. Endemic. 3. W. ovata C. A. Mey.; Miessn. in DC, Prodr, 14 (1856) 1: 544. (3860 Merrill) August; (1588 Borden) August; (1340 Whitford) September, Exposed ridges in the mossy forest at 1,000 m. Endemic. EKLAEAGNACE.®. 1. ELAZEAGNUS Linn. 1. E. latifolia Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 202. (2805 Meyer) Mareh. In the mossy forest on exposed ridges at 1,300 m. British India to Southern China and Malaya. LYTHRACE®. 1. LAGERSTRCEMIA Linn. 1, L. speciosa (Linn.) Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 72. L. flos-regine Retz. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1879) 577. (755, 1269, 1283, 1389, 1538, 1553, 1615, 1622, 1679, 1680 Borden) May to August; (42, 356 Whitford) April, June; (6770 Eimer) November. In forests and thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Malaya, 'T., Banaba. SONNERATIACEE. 1. SONNERATIA Linn. f. 1. S. pagatpat Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 424. — (1465 Borden) October; (1465 Ahern’s collector) July. Along the rocky sea- shore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya. T., Pagatpat. 102 2. CRYPTERONIA Blume. 1. C. cumingii Planch.; Niedenzu in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 15 (1893) 178. (327 Barnes) February; (1064 Whitford) January; (2585 Meyer) February; .2571 Borden) February. In forests 75 to 150 m. Endemic. 2. C. paniculata Blume; Niedenzu |. e. 175. (65 Merrill) Decades Philippine Forest Fl. coll. Barnes, January. In forests at 300 m. British India and Malaya. LECYTHIDACE. 1. PLANCHONIA Blume. 1. P. spectabilis Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 30. (58, 590 Barnes) October, March; (363 Whitford) June; (756, 1395, 1571, 1644, 1666 Borden) July, August. In forests 100 to 600 m. Endemic. Dy Llamog. ; 2. BARRINGTONIA Forst. 1. B. reticulata (Blume) Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1 (1855) 490. (71 Whitford) April; (6124 Leiberg) July. In thickets along streams below 100 m. Malaya, T., Putat. 2. B. racemosa (Linn.) Blume; Clarke in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3. (1879) 507. (Whitford). In thickets near the seashore. British India to Malaya and Polynesia, T., Putat. RHIZOPHORACEAE. 1. GYNOTROCHES Blume. 1. G. parvifolia Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ, 35 (1906) 46. (1173 Whitford) March. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest at about 1,000 m. Endemic. 2. CERIOPS Arn. 1. C. roxburghiana Arn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 436. (1273, 1277 Whitford) May; (2313 Meyer) December; (2354 Borden) Jan- uary. Tidal forests throughout the Philippines. Tropics of the Old World. -T., Bacauan. 3. RHIZOPHORA Linn. 1. R. conjugata Lam.; Hook. f. 1, ¢. 436. (1432 Ahern’s collector) August. Tidal forests throughout the Philippines. Tropies of the Old World. T., Bacauan. 4. CARALLIA Roxb. 1. C. integerrima DC.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 4389. (2578 Meyer) February; (1683, 2555, 2708 Borden) August, February; (6755 Elmer) November. In thickets below 100 m. — British India to Southern China, Malaya and Australia. 5. BRUGUIERA Lam. 1. B. gymnorrhiza Lam.; Hook. f. |. ¢. 487. (1494 Ahern’s collector) August; (2273 Meyer) December; (7008 Elmer) November. Tidal forests throughout the Philippines. Tropies of the Old World. T., Tagasa. 103 6. PELLACALYX Korth. 1, P. pustulata Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 47. (1282 Whitford, 3040 Borden, 3019 Meyer) May. In forests 100 to 300 m. Iindemie. COMBRETACEL. 1. TERMINALIA Linn. 1. T. catappa Linn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, 2 (1878) 444. (2236 Meyer, 2125 Borden) December; (184 Barnes) January. Thickets near the seashore, widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya, generally planted in most tropical countries. T., Talisay. 2. T. edulis Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 265. (1387, 1652 Borden) July, August. In forests 85 to 150 m. Endemie. T., Calumpit. 3. T. multiflora Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 34. (6990 Elmer) November. In forests. Endemic. 4. T. ovocarpa Merr. |. ec. 32. (2249, 2579 Meyer) December, February; (347 Whitford) May; (1216, 2075 Borden) June, October; (67 Barnes) November. In forests 100 to 550 m. En- demic. T., Talisay del monte. 5. T. nitens Presl. Epim. Bot. (1849) 213. (64 Barnes) November; (2241 Meyer) December; (1205, 1547, 1562, 1619, 1738 Borden) June, August; (393 Whitford) June. In forests 75 to 150 m. Kndemie. T., Sacat. 2. COMBRETUM Linn. 1. C. squamosum Roxb.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 456. (2173, 2304 Meyer) December; (2338, 2341 Borden) December; (6715 Hlmer) November; (1032 Whitford) December. In thickets below 100 m._ British India and Malaya. 3. QUISQUALIS Linn. 1. Q. indica Linn.; Clarke 1. ¢e. 459. (1497 Ahern’s collector) July; (39, 1287 Whitford) April, May. In thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya, generally cultivated in the Tropics. T., Niogniogan. MYRTACEAE. 1. PSIDIUM Linn. 1. P. guajava Linn.; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 468. (1323 Borden) July; (2196 Meyer) December; (6097 Leiberg) July; (6772 Eimer) November. Very abundant in thickets below 100 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Introduced from tropical America. The Guava. Sp.-Fil., Bayabas, Guayabas. 2. DECASPERMUM Forst. 1. D. blancoi Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 173. (3890 Merrill) August; (1331 Borden) July. Exposed ridges, mossy forest, at 1,000 m. Endemic. 2. D. paniculatum (Lindl.) Kurz.; Clarke 1. e. 470. (6992 Elmer) November; (455 Whitford) July; (1332, 1589 Borden) July, August; (3861 Merrill) August. With the preceding, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Malaya and Australia. 104 3. EUGENIA Linn. 1. E. acuminatissima (Blume) Kurz.; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 483. H. cumingiana Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 173, non #. cumingit Hook, et Arn. § Syzygium. (811, 2385 Borden) June, January; (2406, 2628, 2801, 2807, 3004 Meyer) January, May; (1198, 1228 Whitford) March, April. In forests 600 to 1,000 m., widely distributed in, the Philippines. Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago. Vidal’s name for this species is invalid, but at any rate the Philippine form referred by him to HLugenia cumingiana is apparently identical with HL. acum- inatissima Kurz. OLEACEZE. 1. LINOCIERA Sw. 1. L. coriacea Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 181. (2305 Meyer) December; (1049 Whitford) January. In forests at about 100 m. Endemie. 2. L. cumingiana Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 185. (749, 1403, 1539, 1552, 1621, 2348 Borden) May to January; (2226 Meyer) December. (1460 Ahern’s collector) July; (82, 1023, 1070 Whitford) April, December, January. In forests and thickets 40 to 180 m. Endemie. 3. L. luzonica (Blume) F.-Vill. Nov, App. (1883) 128. (2350 Borden) January; (1167 Whitford) March. In forests, the former at 100 m., the latter apparently dwarfed, at 1,100 m. Possibly not distinct from the preceding species. Endemic. 116 4. L. pallida comb. nov. Mayepea pallida Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 58. (1142 Whitford) March; (2792 Meyer) March; (2939 Borden) March. In forests at 100 m., and on ridges at 900 m. Indemic. 5. L. racemosa comb. nov. Mayepea racemosa Merr. 1, ¢. (3042 Borden) May. In forests at 60 m. Endemic. 2. LIGUSTRUM Linn. 1. L. cumingiana Decne. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris IT. 2 (1879) 28. (246 Whitford) May; (3006 Meyer) May; (467 Topping) May. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest 900 to 1,100 m. Endemic. 3. JASMINUM Linn. 1. J. bifarium Wall.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1882) 595. (2835 Meyer) March. On ridges in the mossy forest at 1,000 m. Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago. The material represented by the above number is rather imperfect and is referred to the above species with some doubt. LOGANIACE.%. 1. MITRASACME Labill. 1. M. alsinoides R. Br.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4 (1883) 80. (3093 Merrill) October ; (6779 Hlmer) November. In open dry grass lands below 100 m._ British India, Malaya, and Australia. 2. STRYCHNOS Linn. 1. S. multiflora Benth.; Hook. Icon. 23 (1894) pl. 2213. (6864 Elmer) November. In forests, widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. 3. FAGRAEA Thunb. 1. F. obovata Wall.; Clarke |. ¢. 83. (256 Whitford) May; (1899 Borden) September. Forests 700 to 900m. British India and Malaya. 4. GENIOSTOMA Forst. 1. G. cumingianum Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 1 (1857) 97. (3199 Merrill) October ; (2836 Meyer) March. On exposed ridges above 1,000 m. Endemic. APOCYNACE.%. 1. ALSTONIA R. Br. 1. A. parvifolia Merr. Govt. Lab, Publ. 35 (1906) 59. (1164 Whitford) March; (6876 Elmer) November; (2111 Borden) November ; (2209 Meyer) December. On exposed ridges in the mossy forest 900 to 1,200 m. Endemie. 2. A. scholaris R. Br.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1882) 642. (746, 1636 Borden) May, August; (579 Barnes) March. In forests 100 to 200 m., widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and Australia. T., Dita. F ies ee Bi 2. PARALSTONIA Hi. Baill. I. P. clusiacea H. Baill. Bull. Soe. Linn. Paris 1 (1888) 750. (1793, 1798, 2546 Borden) September, February. In forests at 200 m. [RUPEES 5 20, «0-5 002 -necccdeecceanc-clecsevsecazs ERS RAR ECRCCONE: « .=., cai: 400ces -hanan dese ancecy—52~ 108 51 tT. 115 | Taccacee ......... Ae ira rans Gee sat socks bone ee Apoyo i, oa ca snes , RC NeoSmart Poy ps WD P. beddomei 2. Lamina not hirsute. Be PUNE MALLOWIY CHURTU LAT ooh cia cd cock oes 0c sos eee cgieee P. argutum 3. Pinne not uniformly narrowed from base to apex. 4s Bost soperioial 3.052 oeis. cn hn. ate P. pseudoconnatum 4. Sori more or less immersed. Diya ELY CLO) we cance eade alone 205500. cd.1s ee ee P. subauriculatum Ci MORTRRUNIAL, 33-3 ick eel. iks a. See P. mengtseense Polypodium persicaefolium Desv. is the plant of Mount Apo, mentioned in my Polypodiace, p. 123, as P. phlebodioides. Polypodium molliculum Copel., Perkins Fragmenta, p. 190, non Kunze in Linnaea 25: 749, may be a depauperate form of P. beddomei Baker. 1 have now more typical material of this species from Lepanto, and a similar or identical plant: from Mindanao. Cuming 203, determined by Mettenius (Polypodium, p. 81.) as P, pallens Bl., probably belongs here. Polypodium argutum Wall., is common on Mount Data, Province of Lepanto, Luzon, Copeland 1892. : India. Polypodium lineare Thunb. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Copeland 1941. Africa to Japan. Polypodium (Phymatodes) luzonicum Copeland n. sp. Rhizomate scandente, 2 mm. crasso, paleis atro-brunneis lanceolatis longo-acuminatis minute ciliatis vestito; stipitibus 1-5 em. altis, stra- mineis, paleis brunneis deciduis vestitis; fronde lanceolata vel oblan- ceolata, 20-30 cm. alta, usque ad 4 em. lata, integra, acuminata, deorsum sensim attenuata, glabra, papyraceo-coriacea; venis primariis conspicuis marginem fere attingentibus, venulis occultis; soris magnis, inter venas primarias in seriebus 2, praeterea plerumque in seriebus 1-3 rectis costae parallelibus instructis, superficialibus. (Table 23.) Luzon, Lepanto, Bagnen, Copeland 1918. Epiphyticum, 1,900 m. s. m. This fern belongs to the very natural group including P. zippelii, P. hetero- carpum, and P. ensatum; it is readily recognizable by the regularity of arrange- ment and size of the sori. : Polypodium (Phymatodes) dolichopterum Copeland n. sp. Rhizomate ad terram humidam repente, apice squamulis atris lan- ceolatis 2-3 mm. longis vestito; stipitibus seriatis, in ramos pedestales 1 mm. altos articulatis, 10-15 em. altis, 1-1.5 mm. crassis, stramineis, glabris vel deorsum sparsissime paleaceis; fronde deltoidea, ad alas 2—5 mim. latas pinnitifida, ca. 3 cm. ad stipitem decurrente, glabra, mem- branacea; segmentis divaricatis, lanceolatis, infimis 10-12 cm. longis, 163 10-12 mm. latis, integris vel undulatis, acuminatis ; sinubus quam basi- bus segmentorum latioribus; venulis in reticulam perlaxam anastomo- santibus, venulis inclusis paucis; soris sparsis vel irregulare instructis, orbicularibus vel oblongis, superficialibus. MINDANAO, Zamboanga, San Ramon, 800 m. s. m., Copeland 1717. This fern suggests P. insigne Blume, and is more like the original than more recent descriptions of that species. It is well distinguished by its slenderness, segments connected by a wing instead of directly confluent, briefly decurrent base, and lax venation. Polypodium (Phymatodes) rivulare Copeland n. sp. Rhizomate repente, 1.5-2.5 mm. crasso, paleas sparsas lanceolatas acu- minatas atras ferente, carnoso, sicco fragile, interdum viride; stipitibus 5-10 cm. altis, glabrescentibus, stramineis, supra anguste alata, pede exalato 1-5 cm. alto; fronde 10-16 em. alta, late ovata, ad alam pinnis latetudine aequalem pinnatifida, glabra, membranacea; segmentis 1—4- jugatis, usque ad 7 cm. longis, 5-8 (maximis 14) mm. latis, acutis, integris vel undulatis, segmento terminale plerumque longiore; venis irregulariter confluentibus, omnibus (costis exceptis) inconspicuis; soris 1—1.5 mm. latis, irregulariter sparsis. Luzon, Laguna, Los Bafios, Copeland 2021. Ad saxa rivularia; Batangas, monte Malarayat, Copeland 1998. The smallest and most delicate species of the natural group of P. pteropus Bl. and P. insigne Bl., remarkable because the midribs of the segments have no branches visible by reflected light. Judging by the description alone, P. penta- phylum Baker is a decidedly larger and coarser fern, with shorter stipe; and its rhizome is said to be woody. Polypodium (Phymatodes) phanerophlebium Copeland n. sp. Rhizomate scandente, 15 mm. crasso, radices permultas emittente, squamis ovatis vel orbiculatis peltatis integris imbricatis persistentibus 5 mi. longis vestito; stipite glabro, 40-80 cm. alto, 7-10 mm. crasso, supra canaliculato; fronde ca. 1.5 m. alta, 60 em. lata, glabra, herbacea vel subcoriacea, pinnatifida; segmentis majoribus 35 cm. longis, 45 mm. latis integris, acuminatis, ala 10-15 mm. lata connexis; venis praecipuis areolas primae ordinis includentibus perconspicuis, infra exstantibus, mar- ginem non attingentibus ; venatione ultima Polypodii affinis; soris magnis, 3-5 mm. Jatis, vix immersis, plerumque biseriatis, in areola grande quaque uno. (Tab. 24.) ‘ Mryxpanao, Davao, monte Apo, Copeland 1550. In arboribus epiphyticum, 1,200 m. 8s. Mm. Near P. affine Blume, but larger and stouter, with conspicuous venation, most distinct in the clothing of the rhizome. The real nature of Blume’s Polypodium affine is not absolutely clear. The original description, in Flora Javae, 2: 160, is: “Filia mirifica, saepe orgyalis et altior.” * * * ‘Caudex as thick as the little finger, * * * dull green, entirely naked or with scattered solitary peltate dark-brown resinous-shining remnants of scales. * * * Fronds 14 to nearly 3 feet high, 10 to 15 inches broad, oblong, acuminate, decurrent, membranaceous, glabrous, black-punctate ~ 164 above. * * * Segments 10 to 18 on each side, erecto-patent, * * * lan- ceolate, acuminate, entire, ‘unicostatae et pulcherrime reticulatae,’ the lower gradually smaller. Stipe 2 to 3 feet high, straight, as thick as the quill of a goose or of aswan, * * * greenish. Sori * * * scattered or subseriate in a sort of double row on each side of the midvein * * *. Easily distin- guished from P. phymatodes L. by the membranous texture and the entirely superficial sori.’ The accompanying Plate 69 shows the lower pinne the size of the succeeding, the rhizome bearing many acute scales, and the sori 13 to 2 mm, in diameter. : Raciborski, in Pteridophyten der Flora von Buitenzorg, p. 113, describes it as having “Rhizome * * * black, 5 mm. or less thick, clothed with round entire appressed scales 1 to 14 mm. in diameter. Stipe 5 to 40 em. high, 4 mm. or less thick, smooth. Lamina thin, pellucid, naked, 20 to 30 em. broad, 30 to 80 em. long, deeply pinnatifid. * * * Segments linear, * * * 1.5 to 2 em. broad, * * * In each areola, one round sorus, 1.5 to 2 mm. up to 15 em. long. broad, superficial or sunken.” If the statements of Blume and Raciborski, where they conflict, be construed as both being correct, and covering the plant’s range of variation, they still include only plants much less stout in many respects than that from Mount Apo. The size of the palee and of the sori and the firm texture are most conspicuous characteristics of the latter. Mettenius, Polypodium No. 221, redescribed P. affine, with Cuming’s No. 97, from Luzon, as his material. This is identical with my No. 1582, from San Ramon. Its venation is comparatively obscure, but in pattern the same as that described by the Javan writers. It can be included in all respects by a combina- tion of the descriptions by Blume and Raciborski, having a green, naked rhizome, stipe usually less than 1 foot high, and sori about 2 mm. in diameter, sometimes somewhat immersed, I can not distinguish it in any way from P, commutatum, which is probably a synonym. Polypodium (Phymatodes) proteus Copeland n. sp. Rhizomate ad terram repente, paleis 3 mm. longis ferrugineis subu- latis brevissime ciliatis basibus peltatis ovatis vel interdum hastatis vestito; stipitibus 6-170 mm. altis, glaberrimis; frondibus polymor- phis, glabris, coriaceis, marginibus angustis cartilagineis; nunc simpli- cibus, integris, 5-50 mm. altis, oblongis vel lanceolatis, utrinque obtusis, soris inter venas primarias solitariis; rarius trifidis; saepius pinnatis, usque ad 20 em. altis, fere eadem latitudine; pinnis 1-4 jugatis, lanceo- latis, acutis vel acuminatis nec usquam caudatis, integris vel undulatis, sessilibus, interdum adnatis vel infimis brevi-stipitatis, ad rhachin ar- ticulatis; venis primariis conspicuis, marginem yix attingentibus, venulis immersis ; soris aut inter venas primarias solitariis costae proximis, aut 2—3-seriatis interdum confluentibus, leviter immersis. (Tab. 25.) Luzon, Benguet, inter Suyoe et Pauai, 1,800 m. s. m., Copeland 1941 bis. In spite of its extreme variability and local abundance, I can identify this plant with no known Phymatodes or Nelliguea; nor has it appeared hitherto in our rich collection of Benguet ferns. It grows on dry, rocky ground, the exposed plants being small and frequently simple, those sheltered by crevices larger, and finally pinnate. The articulation of the pinne is an interesting adaptation to the arid habitat. 165 Polypodium flexilobum Christ in Acad. Mans. Geog. Bot. 1894, p. 107. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Copeland 220, det. by Christ. MInvANAo, Davao, Todaya, Copeland. Not very distinet from P. ellipticum Thunb. DRYOSTACHYUM JJ. Sm. Dryostachyum splendens J. Sm., Hooker’s Journ. Bot. 3: 339; 4: 62; Copeland, Polypod. Phil. Ids., 134. Fronde deorsum in alam scariosam humiferam latam fere ad rhizom- atem protracta. (Tab. 26, 27.) . Luzon, Cuming 87. MINDANAO, Copeland 1285. Dryostachyum pilosum J. Sm., Schkuhr. (D. splendens Diels in Nat. Pflnfam. I. 4: 327, Fig. 170.) Fronde deorsum in stipitem brevem attenuata, nec enim scariosa; rhiz- omate ca. 5 mm. crasso. Luzon, Cuming 90; MINDANAO, San Ramon, 200 m. s. m., Copeland 1666. This has generally been regarded as not distinct from D. splendens J. Sm., and if Hooker * had been correct in assuming that they differed only in pubescence, he would have been well justified in combining them. But the base of the frond is entirely different. D. splendens is a much larger and stouter fern, forming “nests,” the basal part of the frond being a hard, brown humus receptacle. Cuming’s specimens in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science, Manila, do not show quite the whole frond of either species ; but they are sufficient for the positive identification of my Mindanao plants of both. Both species have apparent articulations just above the attachment to the rhizome; but I strongly suspect, especially in the case of D. splendens, that this articulation is merely a vestigial structure, and that D: drynarioides (Hooker ) Kuhn is therefore not distinct in this respect. A satisfactory disposition of all these plants would be to include them with Aglaomorpha, separating the latter from Polypodium. THAYERIA Copeland, genus : novum. Polypodiacea epiphytica Drynariae affinis. Rhizomate crasso; fronde solitaria in ramo laterale rhizomatis endogena, cornucopiaeforme ; ramo in fundo cornucopiae in radiculas multas dissipato; textura frondis, venisque Drynariae. Soris verisimiliter ad partem contractam apicalem frondis diversae restrictis. Genus viro doctissimo Alfredo Thayer, professori universitatis texanae dedicatum. Thayeria cornucopia Copeland. Rhizomate late scandente vel saepius descendente, 2-3 cm. crasso, squamulis lanceolatis subpeltatis acuminatis 1-1.5 mm. longis appressis vestito; ramo frondiferente 2-6 cm. longo, ca. 1 em. crasso, horizontale, frondem e latere fisso emittente; fronde deorsum scariosa, fusca, lobis basalibus grandibus invicem involventibus, sursum viride, fere plana, glabra, profunde pinnatifida, segmentis deciduis. (Tab. 28.) * Syn. Fil. 5: 96. 166 MINDANAO, Zamboanga, monte Balabac, 1,200 m. s. m., Copeland 1770, The close affinity of this remarkable fern to Drynaria is shown by the very characteristic texture—dry, with thin lamina stiffened by the strongly reinforced veinlets—the venation—a fine, regular net with free included veinlets—the dehiscence, from the costa, of the segments of the deeply pinnatifid frond, the fleshy, minutely scaly rhizome, and the humus-collecting habit. The most of these features it shares also with Dryostachyum, and with two so-called Polypodia of this region—P. heracleum and P. meyenianum. They show a near relationship, but do not make us regard plants as congeneric. In its humus-collecting struc- tures Thayeria is wholly unlike any other known plant, the specialization having gone beyond the frond to the rhizome. Each leaf is a unit, a complete receptacle, wholly out of contact with the main rhizome. It is the most perfect of the humus-collecting organs developed in its group, the material collected being inclosed on all sides and protected against desiccation with a thoroughness not attained even by Asplenium nidus. The specialization of the branch end as a root bearer in the bottom of the cornucopia is a very novel feature. After I first found this plant, my appreciation of its novelty grew, and I made a second trip—a nearly two days’ journey into trailless mountains—in a vain attempt to secure fruiting specimens. It is common the length of one high ridge; but, so far as I could discover, is entirely sterile. The New Guinea fern described as Polypodium nectariferum Baker in Beccari’s Malesia, 2: 247, Plate 69, is surely a Thayeria, the identification being insured by the sterile frond and the tortuous, stout rhizome, both very characteristic. I have sterile specimens from Lepanto-Bontoe in northern Luzon, Copeland 1927, agreeing with Beccari’s figure even to the auriculate base. They have elongate, rather amorphous palee 7 mm. long, but these are deciduous except for a ragged, peltate base. It is also nectariferous. I call it Thayeria nectarifera (Baker). ELAPHOGLOSSUM Schott. Elaphoglossum callaefolium (BI.) Moore. MINDANAO, Mount Apo, Copeland. Java. LOMAGRAMMA J. Sm. Lomagramma pteroides J. Sm.. Hooker’s Journ. Bot. 4: 152. Luzon, Cuming ; Mindoro, McGregor 235. MeGregor’s plant has membranous, green pinne, with evident, but not raised, venation. My Mindanao plants, No. 1736, distributed as L. pteroides, are distinct, and I have sterile specimens of still another species from Luzon. The genus appears to me to have constant and valid characters. GLEICHENIA Sm. Gleichenia laevissima Christ, Bull. Acad. Mans. 1902, p. 268. Luzon, Benguet, Pauai, 1,900 m. s. m., Copeland 1954. China. Harder in leaf texture than its local relatives, and conspicuously different in the far from horizontal pinnules. LIST OF PLATES. [All photographs are by Martin. Except as otherwise noted, all . SCOMNAMNPR HHH — ewnwe 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. oi Bare 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26, 27. 28. _ figures are X34 to 2.] . Trichomanes merrilli Copel. . Davallia brevipes Copel. . D. embolostegia Copel. . Microlepia dennstaedtioides Copel.; (a) pinnule, X 1.7. . Lindsaya cyathicola Copel. . Diplagium tabacinum Copel. D. williamsi Copel. . D. fructuosum Copel. . Scolopendrium schizocarpum Copel. . Adiantum mindanaoense Copel. . A. spencerianum Copel. . Schizostege calocarpa Copel. . Christiopteris sagitta (Christ) Copel. . (a) Prosaptia cryptocarpa Copel. X 0.48. (b) P. alata (Bl.) X 0.48 drawn from a specimen lent by the Buitenzorg _ institute. (c) P. toppingii Copel. X 0.48. (d) P. eryptocarpa; upper end of palea, X 24. Acrosorus exaltatus Copel. Polypodium dolichosorum Copel. P. decrescens Christ. P. pseudoarticulatum Copel. P. multicaudatum Copel. P. erythrotrichum Copel. P. {Schellolepis) mengtseense Christ. P. (Schellolepis) pseudoconnatum Copel. P. (Phymatodes) luzonicum Copel. P. (Phymatodes) phanerophlebium Copel. P. (Phymatodes) proteus Copel. Dryostachyum splendens J. Sm. Thayeria cornucopia Copel.; small frond X 1/6; detail of base X 1. 421243 167 COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [ PHIL. JOURN. Scl., VoL. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. “~\ ' we * oe % , “Tr Ad ’ a bs y maf “< a 1% vr FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES FROM HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT Lat TRICHOMANES Ths 1 TRICHOMANES MERRILL!I COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL, JOURN. SclI., VoL. I, SuPP. II, JuNn 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES, HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORAT( Conecroa vy K. 8. Copatona, we LOGE PES Covel, DATALLIN BRS San Rawon, iindanae, free tops ig upland forest, ait, Feb, 19, 1905 Tas. 2. DAVALLIA BREVIPES COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES EABARIUM OF THE BURKAL OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES Semen ott temas we 1916 VAYALLIA EXBOLOSTNGIA Copel, * Bagnen trail, Lepanto, lagon, In mousy forest, 6,500 ft, Hov.4, 1905 Tas. 3. DAVALLIA EMBOLOSTEGIA COPEL. COPELAND : Nrw PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL, JOURN. SCI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JuNE 15, 1906. Tas. 4. MICROLEPIA DENNSTAEDTIOIDES COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JoURN. SCI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINE HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LU 1936 Coligctes oy EB Cupeuss Xe Tas. 5. LINDSAYA CYATHICOLA COPEL. COPELAND: NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. Sct., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. Genesee 07 6.6 Conwienn ne LAID MERBAMIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES Tas. 6. DIPLAZIUM TABACINUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. ScI., Vou. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES HERBARIUM OF THE BURT A OVERNMENT LABOMA TOR Drie pietrict of ten “* bes Tas. 7. DIPLAZIUM WILLIAMS! COPEL. COPELAND: NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JouRN. Sct., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. 1699 FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES & Gnmewtas ty FB faeeens Se DIPLASIUM District of Zauwbomiga, Mindnnno, Tas. 8. DIPLAZIUM FRUCTUOSUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JoURN. ScI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. m 1743, PMILIPTINE PEBNS MERBABIUM OF EB COPELAND $50 , Tas. 9. SCOLOPENDRIUM SCHIZOCARPUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JOURN. Scl., Vou. I, Supp. II, JuNE 15, 1906. PMELIPVINE FPS HEABARIUM OF FE. B Corti AN Tas. 10. ADIANTUM MINDANAOENSE COPEL. COPELAND: NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., VoL. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES, "!?E HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. Cotenten ty i. Copeens. So Lida ADLANEUI: SPENCENIAIN Covel. fe imtabd, Senguet, wiron, j . On shéer banks t . 8, sit, 3,00 Tas. 11. ADIANTUM SPENCERIANUM COFEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., Vou. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. : ais dar : a we HLIPrINK PRERS* HERBARIUM OF EL B COPELAND Apri lam, ,Y905, Tas. 12. SCHIZOSTEGE CALOCARPA COPEL COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [ PHIL. JOURN. SCI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. . FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES cunt Wy € capers, <= 1905 \ CERISTIOPTRAIS Tas. 13. CHRISTIOPTERIS SAGITTA (CHRIST) COPEL. at Ay a” viv 275 f IA PSA \ \X 21 PFS a TARPS : a ed Miley ry wp VE ain lale y UAT aTaToT an nTalaininin (PHIL. JouRN. SclI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JuNE 15, 1906. : Ey \\; AYR AD AWA NRA TAR ANA AN AND Re fa Vio) WBZ N MO OAR i ih WA A fe AA A RA AP \ ke LO fy NNN Wns Ye rf, WC y) i, / f SPE. AG ee, eee ee NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | COPELAND: ANNAN. SOA Tae. 14, COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., VoL. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. a HERBARKIM OF THE BURLAL OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. Cemeted ty bR Capetene 1ec6 3 ACPOSORUS. MEAIRAT!2 Covel, Va ADO Findanaa, 1°60 m, Tas. 15. ACROSORUS EXALTATUS COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SclI., VoL. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES MERBARKIM OF THE GUMEAY OF GOVERNMENT (ABORATORIES 224 knxiiecgen yb & Tas. 16. POLYPODIUM DOLICHOSORUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., VoL. I, SUPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES MERBARIUY OF THE BUREAU OF GOWEANWEST \ASORAT wares mt + conmann, wy APLE ae * Tas. 17. POLYPODIUM DECRESCENS CHRIST, COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] (PHIL. JouRN. Sct., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES MEMRAM OF Trl BUNEAU OF GOVERNMENT (ARMA T Chee Tas. 18. POLYPODIUM PSEUDOARTICULATUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., VoL. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF Tae PHILIPPINES y I He BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT (ARORA TOR S22 Covemnae wy t. » copemee, se LSE POLYPODIVE MILTICAU DATUM Copel. Tas. 19. POLYPODIUM MULTICAUDATUM COPEL. . COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SctI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES HERBATUUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES, Conmcran wy t onane me LOR? I aL Tas, 20. POLYPODIUM ERYTHROTRICHUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., VoL. I, SuPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. eo a \ 12 SSS * o- OR oF THE PHILIPPINE thhanum WENT ABOMA TORIES Tas. 21. POLYPODIUM MENGTSEENSE CHRIST. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] [PHIL. JoURN. ScI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JuNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. HERBARIUM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LADOr + Competed oy #8 Copeland Ae ipod a POLYPODIUM PSEVDOCONNATUN Tas. 22. POLYPODIUM PSEUDOCONNATUM COPEL. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. | [PHIL. JOURN. SCI., Vou. I, SUPP. II, JUNE 15, 1906. FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. UM OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES 1918 ootes ty £. & Copeiene %e nel, is: sabmosay forest ,6,500 rt, » wOpanto; Tagon, Tar. 23. POLYPODIUM LUZONICUM COPEL, COPELAND: NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS. ] (PHIL. JouRN. ScI., Vou. I, Supp. II, JUNE 15, 1906. wet, / TYP2 . FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES HERRAMIUA OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT (ARORA TORES 1550 Catepied oy EB Copia fe POLYPODIVUM ( YEYMATODES) PRANRROPHLOIVa Copel, RBpiphytic in forests,4,000 rt, Todaya, Davao, cos Colombo, — x i pes = i 4 : “ : oe _ (Copyright appited for. Entered at the piet-odlics at Manila, P. I, as second-class maeer =: THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE VoL. I AUGUST 15, 1906 SUPPLEMENT III NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, V. By Evmer D. Merriu. (From the botanical section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science. ) INTRODUCTION. The present article has been prepared as material and data became available, as was the case with the previous papers published under the above title.t Our receipts of Philippine botanical material from various sources approximate 5,000 numbers annually and the percentage of un- described species and interesting forms is very large, as is to be expected in a region botanically so little known as is this Archipelago. In making the preliminary identifications, immediately after the receipt of the material in the herbarium, many of the interesting forms are detected and described, but in this paper, as in the preceding ones of the series, only a portion of these forms are considered. Practically no work in some groups can at present be done in Manila, owing to a lack of literature ; in certain ones, all material is submitted to specialists for identification and report. Frequently, specific identifications can not be made at once, because of a lack of complete material, so that several hundred sheets, apparently representing undescribed species, remain in the herbarium of this Bureau and for one reason or another these will need to be considered at a later date. In general, it is not considered good policy to describe species based on a single specimen and many of the apparently un- described plants at present in our herbarium have no corresponding duplicate material. * Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories (1904-5), 6, 17, 29, 35. ‘ 44772 169 170 In this paper a large number of genera which were previously unknown from the Philippines are for the first time reported, their representa- tives in some cases being species heretofore undescribed and, in others, well-known plants which for the first time have been encountered in the Archipelago. Rolfe 2 makes it clear that the Philippine flora has distinct connections with that of the neighboring lands, but, at the time he wrote, compara- tively little was known regarding this flora or that of the regions im- mediately to the north and south. In the past twenty years much work has been done by various authors; 1905 has seen the completion of Forbes and Hemsley’s work on the flora of China,® and in 1898 Koorders published his compilation of that of Celebes.* Rolfe, in 1884, knew but three species common to the Philippines and Celebes and confined to these two regions and only about sixteen which he considered to represent northern or continental types ; therefore it has been thought advisable here to enumerate some of the more striking representatives both of the southern connection with Celebes and of the northern one with Formosa, Japan, and the Asiatic Continent, especially as Usteri,® publishing as recently as the year 1905, has added nothing to the twenty-year-old list of Rolfe. The list of species confined to Celebes and the Philippines and com- mon to both has been extended from the three mentioned in 1884 to about sixty given below, while many others extending from the Philip- pines through Celebes to neighboring islands, have been enumerated. The list, so far as Celebes is concerned, is based largely on Koorders’ work, cited above. Koorders® remarks that the relationship between the Philippine and Celebes flora is very prominent, but does not discuss the connections in detail. In the following table the cross (+-) indicates that the species is found in Luzon and Celebes and, unless noted to the contrary in the last column, that it is known only from the two regions. The dash (—) indicates that the Philippine species is represented in Celebes by a closely related one or a variety. ‘The question mark indicates a Philip- pine species doubtfully credited to Celebes by Koorders. Where the range of the species is known to extend beyond Celebes, its distribution is given in the last column. Specimens of most of the species enumerated are in the herbarium of this Bureau. 2Qn the Flora of the Philippine Islands and Its Probable Derivation, Journ. Linn. Noe, Bot. (1884), 21, 283-316. *An Enumeration of All the Plants Known from China Proper, Formosa, Hai- nan, Corea, the Luchu Archipelago, and the Island of Hongkong, etc., Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. (1886-1905), 23, 26, 36. *Verslag eener Botanische Dienstreis door de Minahasa, tevens eerste overzicht der Flora van N. O. Celebes, Meded. ’s Lands. Plant. (1898), 19. 5 Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Philippinen und ihrer Vegetation (1905), 3. ® Loc, cit., 258. ad ae it clad aca je es Table showing floristic relationship between the Philippines and Celebes. Species. Philip- pines. Celebes. | | | Other distribution, POLYPODIACE: Polypodium angustatum Blume ______--___- Polypodium vulcanicum Blume-______--__- Polypodium heracleum Kunze _______-____- Polypodium setosum Blume _____-__-_-____. Polypodium stenophyllum Blume_________- Polypodium decrescens Christ____---_----_- Lindsaya sarasinorum Christ ----------_____ Lindsaya retusa Mett 7 Callipteris alismaefolia J. Sm__-_---___-___- Diplazium deltoideum Christ_-_____________ Athyrium sarasinorum var. philippinense Christ Pteris heteromorpha Fée __-_----._-----~__- Hymenolepis platyrhynchos Kunze ___---_- Niphobolus sphaerostichus Copel___----__-- Aspidium aculeatum var. batjanense Christ- CYPERACE: Cyperus pubisquama Steud _.____-__-__--___- ARACE: Epipremnum elegans Engl -_--------------- Pothoidium lobbianum Schott____-------__- Scindapsus argyraea Engl ---------_-------- Spathiphyllum commutatum Schott ----__- DIOSCOREACE: Dioscorea n. sp — : MYRICACEE: Myrica javanica Blume —--_-__--- = 2) 324. FAGACE: Quercus campanoana Vid _____------------- Quercus blancoi A. DC.._-__ i soe Quercus celebica Blume ULMACE: Celtis philippinensis Blanco -___--_-_------- URTICACE#: Ficus caulocarpa Miq-..__.-....- 222 Ficus chrysolepis Miq...-.....----_-j-._.2-- Ficus clusioides Mig =... ..--_--aae an Ficus forstent#Migq-___-..__-. 22 ge Ficus manillensis Warb______-__-___________ Ficus minahassae Mig PITTOSPORACE: Pittosporum resiniferum Hemsl ~_-__-_____- LEGUMINOS.®: Clianthus binnendyckianus S. Kurz___-___- Dalbergia minahassae Prain____---.---____- Gleditschia rolfei Vid_ Pithecolobium subacutum Benth______-____ Pterocarpus echinatus Pers _.--_--_--_____.. Wallaceodendron celebicum Koord ~______- RUTACEH: Lunasia amare Blanco-_____-__-<_-i322-2- Mictomeinm molle Tureéz..........-42202... Micromelum tephrocarpum ‘Turez___--- ~~~ mvyodia iatifolin DC...) 2-2. 2o eee t+ttteee¢et + ++4++ 4 4¢4+4++4++4 =o ++ tet tteettey +++4++ nN +++ Java. Sunda Islands. Java, Java. Java. | New Guinea. Batjan. Moluccas, Ternate. Amboina. Java. | Borneo, | Timor, Borneo. Ceram (?). Java. | Halmaheira. i i er 7 = 3 4 C i 2 ~~ Se ee ae) ee Table showing floristic relationship between the Philippines and Celebes—Continued. Species, BURSERACE: Garuga abilo (Bleo.) Merr___-------- pat i MELIACE#: | Reinwardtiodendron merrillii Perk___- ~~~. Aglaia macrobotrys Turcz -__....-.-------.- Aglaia argentea Blume_-_-____-_._-..-----.-- Aglaia monophylla Perk -----.---_.-------- MALPIGHIACE: Ryssopteris dealbata Juss___.....----------- EUPHORBIACE: Actephila gigantea Koord______------..----- Cleistanthus cupreus Vid Mallotus cumingii Muell. Arg__--_---_---_- | Mallotus leucocalyx Muell. Arg_----..------ Glochidion album Boerl_-__---------------- Macaranga hispida Muell. Arg __--------_-- ANACARDIACE: Semecarpus perrottetii March _-_.---------- Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr ____~--- SAPINDACE: Cubilia blancoi Blume pine Tristira pubescens Merr ELAEOCARPACEE; Elaecarpus cumingii Turcz ----------------- TILIACE#: Columbia serratifolia DC ~--.-.-__-_----.... STERCULIACE: Sterculia oblongata R, Br ~.__...--.---_--_- Sterculia stipularia R. Br —___......--.--...- THEACE#: Ternstroemia toquian F. -Vill ---------_____ MELASTOMATACE#: | Medinilla cumingii Naud ___-_____-_______- | Medinilla teysmannii Miq__--_-----________ Astronia cumingiana Vid___----____________ Memecylon preslianum Triana___-__---____ ARALIACEX: Tetraplasandra philippinensis Merr_____-_- Anompanax philippinensis Harms___.____- Boerlagiodendron pulcherrimum Harms-_-! ERICACE: Vaccinium microphyllum Blume_-_-_-___----- 1 Rhododendron apoanum Stein____.--___-_- | MYRSINACE®: RBapanea avenis Moz.._.........-........-.. SAPOTACE: Palaquium celebicum Burek ~-_.~---------- LOGANIACE: Couthovia celebica Koord__.--------------- | Fagraea plumeriaefolia A. DC.---------_-_- | Strychnos celebica Koord zi APOCYNACEE: | Ichnocarpus ovatifolius A, DC___-_~-~----__- Tabernaemontana cumingiana A, DC_____. Philip- pines. + + + + Celebes. Other distribution. | | _ Amboina, New Guinea, Samoa, Java. Moluccas. New Guinea. Boeroe, Ceram. New Guinea. New Guinea (—). ——— SL a ee Table showing floristic relationship between the Philippines and Celebes—Continued. | si: Species. | tinee | Celebes. Other distribution. eee ei, a es eee ASCLEPIADACE: | | Dischidiopsis philippinensis Schltr_________ | oe - | New Guinea (—). CONVOLVULACE#: Bonamia semidigyna var. farinosa Hallier__| + | Banea, Lepar. VERBENACE: Geunsia cumingiana Rolfe___--__-___-_____- : + | ae | Premna cumingiana Schauer________.______ et ae | Clerodendron blancoi Naves__.--.--_-______ ~ | —_ | ACANTHACE: Eranthemum zollingerianum Nees_________ a | + | Hemigraphis cumingiana Nees_____________ + + | Hemigraphis rapifera Hallier_____._____ eee oa + Hemigraphis primulifolia F.-Vill___________ + 4 New Guinea. BIGNONIACE#: | Nycticalos cuspidatum Miq____-___-.--.___- rete aes Moluceas. CUCURBITACE#: | Momordica ovata Cogn____________________ “4 + . Notes on the above table.—Dioscorea sp. nov. is the species enumerated by Koorders as D. glabra Roxb., but which is a distinet undescribed one according to Dr. Prain in lit. and which has also been found in the Philippines. @le- ditschia rolfei Vid.; G. celebica Koord., isa synonym. Pterocarpus echinatus Pers. (P. vidalianus Rolfe) is also known from Salajar Island, south of Celebes.’ Wallaceodendron celebicum Koord., a monotypic genus, first found in Celebes and later discovered in the central Philippines. Reinwardtiodendron merrillii Perk., a genus of two species, one Celebes and one Philippine. Aoordersiodendron pinnatum (Blanco) Merr., a monotypic genus known from the Philippines, Celebes, and New Guinea. Cubilia blancoi Blume, a monotypic genus known from Luzon, Celebes, Boeroe, and Ceram, Cubilia rumphii Blume being a synonym. Anom- panax philippinensis Harms., a genus comprising two species, one Celebes and one Philippine. Vaccinium microphyllum Blume, see page 221. Whereas the Celebes connections are very strikingly shown in the above table, the semi-temperate or continental element in the highlands of northern Luzon is nearly as prominent, as is shown by the following one. The latter undoubtedly is far from complete and therefore, when more extensive collections are made and our present material has more thoroughly been worked over with reference to Asiatic types and com- pared with them, the number of species will undoubtedly be greatly enlarged. The northern element in the Philippine flora.—In the following table, as in the preceding, the cross (+) indicates that the species is found in Luzon and in the region for which the sign is entered, whereas the dash (—) means that the Philippine species is represented by a closely related form in the region indicated, or, in the last column, that the general generic distribution is northern and not Malayan. The majority * Merrill: Publications of Bureau of Government Laboratories (1904), 17, 20. ee le yo acai uals, i ue el i i aril * i 8 eee ite = Se ae eee ee © ee, Oe eee a, | 174 of the genera so indicated are unknown from the Malayan region. Specimens of all the species enumerated are in the herbarium of this Bureau. Tuble showing the northern element in the Philippine flora. | S$ |&¢ met 3 : rs £ 2 & | 33/25 Species. a ® | 86 |38 e| .| 8 |ag/ és a | § arae ae See SEL EISIE TELE E log Sie |S |S /a |e TRB |S 7S6 POLY PODIACE: Cheilanthes argentea Hook _--------- es eee + 4 UR ere nee FER” Se Aspidium fauriei var, elatius Christ_.. + | ------ = |ngvenelameene — |------ ae Sane Polypodium mengsteense Christ_--_- i con ee eee ea ae eset fraeseet 4 (ere mee, gece et 8 | melas _ Pinus merkusii J. et DeVr -_--------- Bhi mesenol ote wa eter | zeaeesati ai Bey Caan eed go + _ CORRE FON en ee eee Agrostis elmeri Merr_-__-------------- he, 1 aes Bae = ae. (eagle beacotangae se = —_ Calamagrostis filifolia Merr.....------ fe sere on on le ceadlsdecasietatebbersees|.cdnee _ Calamagrostis arundinacea var. nip- OMI OR ANON ee tnnecngaeaes cane) oe incsens + _- Sa ee ears eames - Poa luzoniensis Merr __-------------- a.) A =| _[cackes| amano ekeamrn teens latapaien _— Pollinia quadrinervis Hack —__~.---- ee oe + + > aan rarest Ieerayeenl aan reraeret - Polina nud Trin .2..--.--4.=s--=: ay eecsren “+ + ETEK) (rs sane nae (OPES aera Pollinia imberbis var. willdenow- Re TRI se cae ceeesedeencends VE (omental Ucicpeeen | cera SS) renal (Cre rere Seco es a Arthraxon microphyllum Hochst ---| + |------|------|------ | ler tices biases] catniegialleiereiske Eremochloa leersioides Hack —__--- ae Mie cee Eigse a fe. oe ee cde wal beawee oon eieme ke Brachypodium silvaticum Beauy. | Wie BOT Swclin cobuewewetSenecedene Se, ee _ aa | — _ i eee _ Anthoxanthum luzoniense Merr ----| + |------|------|------ leek Pees emer [eer aad Coelachne hackeli Merr __----------- Se —_ SE he on ere ed nan memes _ CYPERACE: Carex, about 14 species .............- Te asc! [eRe pereceemrrs eves Crcty [mpOvre De) Rieeormeien panera. _ JUNCACEZ:: TUR, 2 BPSCICS — oo ose sneecaeen-ce feel eos. sieeases cae | mare ~ LILIACE#: Aletris spicata Franch __------- een + |] + +. TES Le Bone el on A tae [me _ Disporum pullum Salisb -_.-.-------- + + + -++ pn (eoeierereae ae jh ceeetade — Ophiopogon japonicus Salisb —__-—--- + + + a Pas, percieoret: fereemeeess epeoany _- Lilium philippinense Baker -__------ | + |...---|------|------|------|------|------|------ a PIPERACEE: | Saururus loureirii Deene____--------- + ah AN is a Pe Paes Cael tame Pear es — SALICACELE: Salix azaolana Blanco _-------------- + ks oe _ Sn ere pronae pamenenrs a MYRICACE-E: Moyrica rubra '®. & ZW... + a ce Fs 2 SE rte eens + _ ey a Ne ee eres 175 able showing the northern element in the Philippine flora—Continued. s a |#.|53 | AS = | ag |\Az Species. | k= o | 86 ss F el. | 4 | és 6% i S = a z 2 ; 5 SsliElgei iS l/El1e)2/e |e S(e[e|éleia| els [s® URTICACEE: | | Chamabainia squamigera Wedd --. + |------|------|.----- hae eee CE EL as }— Debregeasia longifolia Wedd _______- eer ilnas a |otese fea [ae oe ee: Ora reg : CARYOPHYLLACE#: | | Piston laxe Mer 2 2.2. ioLocoseoeee eH icageea 4} 4 2 eg) ares) Ce ae — | RA NUNCULACE: | WRAROSIGH NB Tie 2. ot eee Rae eee oe eee ets | seoses|.—s-no| oe ee Cac ek — | Anemone luzoniensis Rolfe___----.-- MRR oe wecinel ie ouewe| ucean|couceylen: cc a BERBERIDACE.E: | Berberis barandana Vidal ____-_--_-- San aes) EN ee eee eae Eee =| eee ad Cae Oa Mahonia nepalensis DC____-_-------- qe | Meee + + ee en eee eee | — | CRUCIFEREE: | | | Cardamine parviflora Linn ___------- + + Ee Pel ee ck pn | ee oe CRASSULACE: Sedum australis Merr__---_---------- ieee tee ibaee Ue rewo.| cocoa | Paseo Oe |e SS | SAXIFRAGACE: | Astilbe n. sp. (A. rivularis Vid.)_____ “cr pa ee en ee eters rte 2 | s2at oa Peer =| Deutzia pulchra Vid _-_-----.--...._.. ho eee ee | wuseos|-2eSeeteeanee ----.| — | Hydrangea lobbii Maxim___________- 150 Se eee Ee ee jez Ses | Seabee C2 _ Itea macrophylla Wall _-_.----_----- < Je 2 ee PE | Se Pacer | Soe a Ne = Dichroa febrifuga Lour ___--___--___- a ee + | fe f| eee ea + <3 ROSACEE: | | Fragaria indica Andr_________-_____- + + + + Se peewee J) PC ee eee = Rosa multiflora Thunb -__.---------- + + aa Se nee epee c RREL Rei as i Rubus tagallus Cham. & Seh —___-__- =) eee ps) eke 2 Sa pees Sees" Reel eee mes | — Rubus rosaefolius Sm _______--------- “Sry REESE el coe ae 5 ee ee | ceieeme eel Sa wide, entire or distantly obscurely toothed above, acuminate, the base broad, rounded or cordate, sometimes acute, thinly pubescent on both surfaces, more densely so beneath, often densely pubescent on the nerves and midrib, except the latter sometimes becoming glabrous or nearly so, shining, usually dark colored when dry; nerves 5 on each side of the midrib, somewhat prominent, the etioulations somewhat lax; petioles 1 to 4 cm. long, pubescent. Cymes terminating the Frat dues! and short lateral branchlets, many flowered, somewhat dense, 5 to 14 em. across, all parts except the corollas uniformly densely softly grayish brown pubescent, the linear bracts 5 to 7 mm. long, densely pubescent, the bracteoles similar but much smaller. Flowers white or greenish, fragrant. Calyx densely softly pubescent, cup- ee 3 mm. long, 5-toothed, the teeth subequal, rounded or acute, 1 mm. long or less, or sometimes obscurely 2-lipped, one lip Say the other 3-toothed. Corolla 5 mm. long, glabrous outside, villous within, 2 lipped, one lip ovate, entire, nearly 2 mm. long, the other coarsely 3-lobed, the lobes nearly equaling the entire lip. Stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments 4 to 5 mm. long, villous below; anthers about 0.4 mm. long. Ovary glabrous; stvle 5.5 mm. long. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo (449, 443 Ahern’s collector) April, 1904; Bosoboso (1874 Merrill) April, 1903. Treao (1095 Clark) May, 1904. T., Alag- baguin, Alagao-baguin. V., Uradgao. (6) Premna depauperata Merrill sp. nov. An undershrub, 1 m. high or less, with short petioled, coriaceous oblong-ovate to elliptical-ovate, small leaves, densely ferruginous pubes- cent inflorescence and 5-toothed calyx. Branches terete, light brown, mostly densely ferruginous pubescent, lenticellate. Leaves 3 to 6 cm. long, 2 to 3.5 em. wide, shining above, entire, the margins recurved, acute, the base broad, rounded-cordate, the upper surface sparingly strigose pubescent, the lower surface somewhat densely pubescent, glandular ; nerves 4 to 5 on each side of the midrib, distinct beneath, pees petioles densely pubescent, 5 mm. long or less. Corymbs terminal, to 5 em. long, nearly as wide, densely ferruginous pubescent eae densely flowered, the lower bracts small, foliaceous, the upper and brac- teoles linear. Calyx cup-shaped, nearly 3 mm. long, sparingly strigose pubescent, subequally 5-toothed, or obscurely 2-lipped with one 2-toothed and one 3-toothed lip. Corolla 4 mm. long, pubescent outside, villous on the throat within, 4-lobed, one lobe lip-like, exceeding the others. Stamens not exceeding the corolla lobes; anthers 0.5 mm. long; filaments glabrous. Ovary glabrous, ovoid or globose ; style 3.5 mm. long. Fruit glabrous, ovoid, about 4 mm. long. CULION (603 Merrill) December, 1902. On dry open grassy hillsides 30 to 40 m. above the sea. A species well characterized by its small size, small leaves, which are cordate at the base, and short petioles. (7) Premna odorata Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 489; ed. 2 (1845) 341; ed. 3, 2 (1878) 268; Schauer in DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 638; Migq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 900; Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 68; l. ec. 35 (1906) 76. Premna vestita Schauer, ]. c. 631; Mig. 1. c. 892; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 159; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 134; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 209; Sinopsis, Atlas (1883) ¢. 74. f. B.; Merr. Forest. Bur. Bull. 1 (1903) 51. Premna serratifolia Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 269; ed. 3, l. ec. Premna tomen- tosa ¥.-Vill. 1. ¢. ex syn. Blanco, non Blume, Premna foetida ¥.-Vill., 1. ¢. non Reinw., ex syn. Blanco. Pumiprrnes (599 Cuming) 1836-1840, cotype of Premna vestita Schauer. Luzon, Manila (22, 3421 Merrill) April, 1902; November, 1903; (718 Ahern) April, 1901: Province of Bataan, Dinalupihan (1514 Merrill) January, 1903; Lamao River (2590 Meyer) February, 1905; Mariveles (748, 780 Ahern) Jan- uary, 1902: Province of Pampanga (37 Parker) May, 1904: Province of Rizal, Antipolo (24 Merrill) Decades Philip. Forest FL. coll. Ahern’s collector, February, 1904: Province of Tayabas, Lucena (2892 Merrill) June, 1903: Province of Union, Bauang (5561 Elmer) February, 1904: Province of Benguet, Sablan (6154 Elmer) April, 1904. Mainporo, Baco (1218 Merrill) January, 1903. GUIMARAS (235 Gammill) January, 1904. Premna vestita is placed by Schauer in the section with 4-toothed calyces, but in two specimens of Cuming’s No. 599 in our herbarium, on which number the species was based, the calyces are distinetly 5-toothed. This is certainly the most abundant and widely distributed species of the genus in the Philippines, and is the one utilized by the natives as noted by Blanco. Blanco’s deserip- tion applies very closely, and I am of the opinion that there can be no doubt as to the correctness of the identification. Premna serratifolia Blanco is reduced to P. odorata, as Blanco states that the species can be distinguished from the latter only by the serrate leaves. Nos. 1218 and 3421 Merrill and No. 37 Parker show this character, but no other characters on which Iam able to separate this form as a distinct species. As a result of the reduction of Premna_ser- ratifolia to P. odorata, | have also so reduced P. foetida F.-Vill., to which F.-Villar referred P. serratifolia Blanco. For the same reason F.-Villar’s Premna pubescens is reduced, he having referred Premna odorata Blanco to Blume’s species. From F.-Villar’s remark, however, it is possible that he referred specimens of Premna cumingiana to Premna pubescens. Abundant and widely distributed in the Phil- ippines. T., Alagao. V., Adgao. (8) Premna congesta Merrill sp. nov. A shub or small tree with small ovate to eclliptical-ovate nearly glabrous leaves 2.5 to Y em. long, and densely flowered terminal cymes 3 to 5 cm. in diameter, the calyx 2-lipped, the corolla 4-lobed. Branches terete lenticellate, light gray or brownish, becoming quite glabrous, the younger parts with few scattered, weak hairs. Leaves subcoriaceous, 1.5 to 4.5 cm, wide, shining and glabrous above, or the nerves somewhat pubescent, paler beneath and minutely punctulate, glabrous, or the axils of the nerves barbellate, and sometimes the midrib somewhat pubescent, entire or somewhat crenate above, acute or obtuse, rarely very short acuminate, the base rounded; nerves about 4 on each side of the midrib, somewhat prominent; petioles slender, 1 em. long or less, somewhat pubescent. Cymes pubescent with few weak, scattered hairs, the branches spreading or ascending, the bracts and bracteoles linear to lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 mm. 233 long, somewhat pubescent, the short pediceled flowers subtended by about 3 linear bracteoles. Calyx glabrous, cup-shaped, 2 mm. long, 2-lipped. one lip coarsely 2-toothed, the other truncate, subentire or minutely 2 to 3 toothed. Corolla 4 to 4.5 mm. long, tubular, 4-lobed, three lobes equal, ovate, about 1.5 mm. long, obtuse, the fourth somewhat larger, glabrous outside, villous within. Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers about 0.5 mm. long. Ovary glabrous; style slender, nearly 4 mm. long. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (3281 Ahern’s collector) August 6, 1905, T., Alacaas. According to the native collector, the flowers are reddish in color. (9) Premna nauseosa Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 489; Schauer in DC. ‘ Prodr. 11 (1847) 638; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 900; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 134; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 209; Merrill, Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 68. Premna mucronata FVill. Nov. App. (1883) 159; Schauer, 1. ¢. 635, in part; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 897, in part, with reference to No, 1367 Cuming. Premna leucostoma Naves, FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 346, non Miq. PHILIPPINES (1367 Cuming) 1836-1840, in Herb. Bureau of Science. Luzon, Province of Zambales, Subic (2191, 2915 Merrill) May, 1903: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (387 Whitford) June; (6841 Elmer) November; (769, 1271, 1275, 1613 Borden) May to August, 1904: Province of Tarlae (705 Ahern) May, 1901: Province of Rizal, Antipolo (24 Guerrero) June, 1908; (1682 Merrill) March, 1903. A species widely distributed in Luzon, usually somewhat pubescent, in which character Blanco’s short and imperfect description does not apply. It is, however, the only species at present known to me that has a somewhat disagreeable odor, the character on which Blanco’s specific name was based. This species is enumerated by Schauer as doubtful, or not sufficiently known. According to Vidal, Nos. 693 and 1353 Cuming also represent it, and it is possible that No. 1451 Cuming is also the same, a fragment of the latter number existing in our herbarium. From the native names cited, Premna viburnoides Vidal, Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 134; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 159, non Wall., should be referred to this species, Premna nauseosa being quite universally known to the Tagalogs as Molauain aso, literally “dog molave,” Molauain or Molave being the Tagalog name for the valuable timber trees of the genus Vitex, the timber of Premna nauseosa being considerably utilized for certain constructions, and some- what resembling Molave. it. oO (10) Premna integrifolia Linn. Mant. (1767) 252; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Br Ind. 4 (1885) 574; Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1890) 25 Schum. und Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch. Schutz. Siidsee (1901) 523. Luzon, Province of Camarines, Pasacao (141, 138, 801 Ahern) 1902: Province of Tayabas (Infanta) (760 Whitford) September, 1904: Province of Zambales, Subic (2199 Merrill) May, 1903: Province of Principe, Baler (1083 Merrill) October, 1902: Province of Bataan, Lamao River (2043 Borden) October, 1904. MInpboRO, Calapan (899 Merrill) April, 1903; Baco (1173 Merrill) January. Apo Island, Mindoro Strait (427 Merrill) December, 1902. Mindanao, District of Davao (350 Copeland) March, 1904; (138, 226 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903. A species apparently confined to the seashore or near it, widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to Malaya, New Guinea and Polynesia. T., Alagao, Alagao dagat. (Dagat in Tagalog=ocean). 447725 eo (11) Premna nitida K. Sch. Fl. Kaiser Wilhelms Land (1889) 120; Sch. und Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch Schutz. Siidsee (1901) 523; Usteri, Beitr. Kennt. Philip. Veg. (1905) 123. This species is reported from Negros and Panay by Usteri, but I have seen no Philippine specimens to which Schumann’s description applies. The species is known from New Guinea and doubtfully from Celebes. (12) Premna subglabra Merrill sp. nov. | A tree 7 to 12 m. high, becoming nearly glabrous, the slightly pubescent ‘alyces obscurely 2-lipped, one lip entire or very obscurely 2 to 3 toothed, the other 2-toothed. Branches light gray or brown, glabrous, terete, the branchlets reddish brown, obscurely angled, deciduously short-pubescent, becoming glabrous or nearly so. Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, char- taceous, entire, short acuminate, the base broad, rounded, subtruncate to somewhat cordate, or sometimes acute, shining, glabrous above except the somewhat pubescent midrib and nerves, paler beneath, obscurely minutely glandular punctate, glabrous, or the nerves and midrib very slightly pubescent, the axils sometimes barbellate; nerves prominent beneath, ascending, 6 to 7 on each side of the midrib, the reticulations distinct; petioles 2 to 7 em. long, usually pubescent on the upper surface, otherwise glabrous. Corymbs terminal, spreading, many flowered, 9 to 14 cm. long, 10 to 20 cm. wide, more or less ferruginous pubescent throughout, the ultimate branchlets rather densely so, the bracts linear, 5 to 8 mm. long, the bracteoles similar but much smaller. Flowers greenish. Calyx slightly pubescent, becoming glabrous, cup-shaped, 2 mi. long. Corolla 5.5 to 6 mm. long, glabrous outside, villous within, 2-lipped, one lip short, entire or retuse, the other 3-lobed, the middle lobe much exceeding the lateral ones. Stamens slightly exceeding the corolla lobes; filaments villous below; anthers about 0.6 mm. long. Ovary glabrous; style 4 to 5 mm. long. Fruit globose, dark purple when mature, glabrous, about 3 mm. in diameter. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Atimonan (670, 671 Whitford) August 19, 1904. Mrnvoro, Pinamalayan (2165 Merrill) May, 1903; Pola (2243 Merrill) May, 1903. In forests along streams below 100m. T., Alagao. LABIATZ. COLEUS Lour. Coleus macranthus Merrill sp. nov. § Solenostemonoides. An erect branched herb 1 to 2 m. high, more or less glandular fer- ruginous puberulent, with long petioled, ovate to oblong-ovate, rather strongly dentate leaves, narrow many flowered panicles, the flowers pure white to purple, often 2 em. long. Branches brown when dry, densely glandular puberulent to nearly glabrous. Leaves membranous, 4 to 15 em. long, 3 to 7 em. wide, the base often broad and subtruncate, some- times acute, decurrent, the apex short acuminate, the margins entire ——= . =) = ere age nary ee Re Ne a 235 near the base, above prominently and regularly dentate, dull, the nerves and midrib on both surfaces usually puberulent, paler beneath and with numerous small punctate glands; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, prominent; petioles 2 to 7 cm. long. Panicles narrow, 15 to 25 cm. long, the branches verticillate, spreading, branched, glandular puberulent, 2 cm. long or less; bracts deciduous, ovate, acuminate, 7 to 8 mm. long. Calyx glabrous within, glandular puberulent outside, in fruit about 10 mm. long, the upper lip broadly ovate, acute or slightly acuminate, flat, about 4 mm. long, the lateral teeth ovate to elliptical, rounded, about 2.5 mm. long, the lower lobe oblong, 7 mm. long, 2 toothed, the teeth lanceolate or linear lanceolate, acuminate, about 1.5 mm. long. Corolla 1.5 to 2 cm. long, slightly puberulent, the lower lip nearly 1 em. long, the upper short, 3-lobed. Nutlets ovoid, 1.7 mm. long, smooth, glabrous, shining. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4502, 4483, 4505 Merrill) November, 1905. In the mossy forest at about 2,200 m., abundant. Var. crispipila, n. var. Similar to the species, flowers white, the inflorescence puberulent and with many crisped ferruginous hairs, the leaves also with few or many crisped hairs on both surfaces and margins. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Suyoe to Pauai (4780 Merrill) November, 1905. On high ridges in the mossy forest at about 2,200 m. PLECTRANTHUS L’Her. Plectranthus diffusus Merrill sp. noy. A much branched, diffuse, lax herb 1.5 to 2.6 m. high with many flowered narrow lateral panicles forming large compound terminal leafy panicles, more or less pubescent throughout with pale or ferruginous hairs. Branches angled, gray or brownish, pubescent. Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, 2 to 6 cm. long, 1 to 3 em. wide, membranous, acuminate, the base acute, entire below, above rather prominently serrate-dentate, with scattered crisped hairs on both surfaces; nerves, 5 to 6 on each side of the midrib; petioles 1 em. long or less. Branchlets of the in- florescence opposite, several flowered, 1.5 cm. long or less, the bracts foliaceous, gradually reduced upwards. Calyx somewhat hirsute, about 2 mm. long, subequally 5-toothed, the teeth acute, less than 0.5 mm. long. Corolla deep purplish blue, 5 to 6 mm. long, straight, somewhat pubescent outside, the limb gibbous, 2-lipped, the upper lip short, 3-lobed, the lower one entire about 3 mm. long. Stamens free, filaments very slightly pubescent below. Calyx in fruit scarcely accrescent, reflexed. Nutlets ovoid or elliptical, glabrous, smooth, about 1 mim. long. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4554 Merrill) November 4, 1905. In damp shaded ravines along streams at about 2,000 m. 236 S¢ \LA NACE. SOLANUM Linn. Solanum inaequilaterale Merrill sp. nov. An unarmed, more or less stellate pubescent shrub 2 to 3 m. high, with alternate subentire or undulate leaves and extra-axillary cymes. Branches light gray, glabrous, the younger ones black when dry, more or less densely stellate pubescent. Leaves membranous or submembranous, oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, the base acute or obtuse, inequilateral, the lamina on one side of the midrib extending somewhat down the petiole, the margins entire or somewhat undulate, glabrous above, more or less densely stellate pubescent beneath, the young leaves very densely so, the older ones subglabrous; nerves 5 to 6 on each side of the midrib ; petioles 2 to 3 cm. long. Cymes peduncled, stellate pubescent, densely or laxly flowered, about 5 cm. long. Calyx densely stellate pubescent, about 4 mm. long, subtruneate or obscurely 5-toothed. Corolla pale purple, 11 mm. long, stellate pubescent outside, the tube 2 mm. long, the 5 lobes oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute, about 3 mm. wide. Stamens 5, oblong, about 5 mm. long. Ovary 2-celled, glabrous or slightly pubescent at the apex, the style glabrous, about 6 mm. long. Fruit globose, glabrous, shining, bright red when mature, about 7 mm. in diameter, the calyx not enlarged. Seed 2 to 2.5 mm. in diameter, Inflorescence becoming nearly or quite glabrous in fruit. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Suyoe to Pauai (4807 Merrill) November 7, 1905. Border of the mossy forest on high ridges at about 2,000 m. No. 6204 Elmer, from Sablan, the same province, appears to be a form of this species with thin, less pubescent leaves and longer, lax cymes. SCROPHULARIACE.. ALECTRA Thunb. Alectra dentata (Benth.) O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 458. Hymenosper- mum dentatum Benth. in Wall. Cat. 3963. Alectra indica Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10 (1846) 839; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4 (1884) 297; Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1890) 201. Melasma indica Wettst. in Engl. und Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4 (1891) 3B: 91. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio to Ambuklao (4350 Merrill) October 24, 1905. Dry open grass lands in thin pine forests at about 1,500 m. Not previously reported from the Philippines. Southern China to the mountains of Burma, India, and Mauritius. EUPHRASIA Linn. Euphrasia borneensis Stapf, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. II. 4 (1894) 210. pl. 16. f. 1-16. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Suyoe to Pauai (4720, 4722 Merrill) November 7, 1905. On dry open grassy ridges at about 2,200 m. No species of the genus has been previously reported from the Philippines, Euphrasia borneensis having previously been known only from the type locality, Mount Kanabalu, British North Borneo. The specimens cited above differ from Huphrasia borneensis as described by Stapf in some slight minor characters, but ee an 237 these I believe are scarcely sufficient to warrant the distinguishing of the Philippine plant as a distinct species. Gaultheria borneensis Stapf, also originally described from Mount Kinabalu specimens, and later reported from the Philippines by Rendle,” was also found near Pauai (4796 Merrill). SOPUBIA Hamilt. Sopubia trifida Hamilt. in D. Don Prodr. FI. Nepaul. (1802) 88; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. 4 (1884) 302; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10 (1846) 522; Forbes «& Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 26 (1890) 202. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6518 Elmer) June, 1904. On grassy hillsides in thin pine forests at an altitude of about 1,500 m. Flowers yellowish, the throat pink or purplish. No representative of the genus has previously been reported from the Philip- pines, the above species extending from southern China to British India and Ceylon. VANDELLIA Linn. Vandellia grandiflora Merrill sp. nov. An erect or spreading, simple or slightly branched, more or less hirsute herb 10 cm. high or less, the calyx teeth 5, equal, less than half as long as the calyx tube, the corolla about, 12 mm. long. Branches, leaves, petioles, pedicels, and calyces sparingly hirsute with scattered white hairs. Leaves opposite, ovate to oblong-ovate, 0.5 to 1.5 cm. long, short petioled, acute, the base obtuse, the margins usually coarsely serrate. Flowers solitary, pediceled, axillary, the pedicels 1.5 to 2 cm. long. Calyx in anthesis oblong, 6 mm. long, not keeled or winged, reticulate, equally 5-toothed, the teeth lanceolate, acuminate, about 2.5 mm. long. Corolla pale blue or purplish, the tube cylindrical, enlarged above, upper lip broad, about 4 mm. long, cleft at the apex, the lower lip 6 to 7 mm. long, 3-lobed, the middle lobe the largest. Stamens 4, the two posterior included, the two anterior longer and prominently appendaged near the base of the filaments. Ovary and style glabrous. Fruiting calyx about 8 mm. long, oblong, the teeth scarcely longer than in anthesis. Capsule oblong, glabrous, tipped by the style, equaling or slightly shorter than the calyx. Seeds many, flattened, ovate, about 0.5 mm. in diameter. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4572 Merrill) November 4, 1905: Province of Benguet, Baguio to Ambuklao (4359 Merrill) October 24, 1905; Suyoe to Pauai (4735 Merrill) November 7, 1905. On dry open grassy slopes in thin pine forests 1,600 to 2,000 m. BIGNONIACE®. NYCTICALOS Teysm. et Binn. Nycticalos cuspidatum (Blume) Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3 (1867) 249, t. 8. f. B. Tecoma cuspidata Blume, Rumphia 4 (1848) 35. PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa (254 Bermejos) December, 1905. In forests; flowers yellow. Celebes and the Moluccas. An undetermined species of this genus has previously been reported from Luzon * Journ, Bot. (1896) 34, 355. ch at pi i 238 by Ceron,” No. 3395 Vidal, but our specimen cited does not appear to be suf- ficiently distinct from Miquel’s species. The Palawan specimens differ from Nycticalos cuspidatum as described by Miquel in having shorter petioles, and slightly larger ealyces, while the leaves are acute, scarcely cuspidate. RADERMACHERA UHassk. Radermachera biternata Merrill sp. nov. A small tree about 8 m. high, quite glabrous throughout, with bipin- nate leaves, elliptical-ovate, usually obtuse leaflets and few flowered panicles much shorter than the leaves, the flowers about 5.5 em. long. Branches gray or brownish, the younger parts black when dry. Leaves 20 cm. long or less, opposite, biternate; leaflets 5 to 9 cm. long, 2.5 to 5 em. wide, subcoriaceous, shining, the apex rounded obtuse or broadly acute, the base acute, the margins revolute; primary nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, rather distinct beneath, the reticulations netted, | rather close; petiolules of the lateral leaflets 1.5 em. long or less, of the terminal ones about 3 cm. long. Inflorescence much reduced, the rhachis 3 em. long or less, the branches very short or none. Flowers few. Calyx about 1 cm long, closed in bud, in anthesis unequally 3-lobed, the lobes short, acute. Corolla 5 to 5.5 em. long, the tubular portion less than 1 em. long, about 3.5 mm. in diameter, enlarged-ventricose above, the lobes about 1.5 em. long, rounded, entire, glabrous pink or pale purple. Stamens about 2 cm. long. Style 2.5 em. long. Fruit unknown. CuLion (568 Merrill) December 24, 1902. Busuanca (3491 Curran) Decem- ber 31, 1905, both of these islands belonging to the Calamianes Group, between Mindoro and Palawan. A species growing in open grassy valleys slightly above the sea level well char- acterized by its much reduced inflorescence and large flowers. RUBIACE/2. GALIUM Linn. Galium philippinense Merrill sp. nov. G. ciliare Elm. Leaf. Philip. Bot. (1906) 4, non Hook. A tufted erect or diffuse, much branched perennial, more or less ciliate- pilose herb 10 to 30 em. high, the leaves in whorls of fours, 3-nerved from the base, the cymes short, lateral, few flowered. Branches 4-angled, more or less pilose when young, but not hispid, becoming nearly glabrous. Leaves elliptical-ovate, sessile or nearly so, 5 to 8 mm. long, 2 to 4 mm. wide, acute at both ends, more or less ciliate-pilose with long scattered white hairs, 3-nerved. Cymes about 1 em. long, mostly 5-flowered, the peduncles 1 cm. long or less, glabrous or nearly so, the bracts foliaceous, oblong-lanceolate, about 2 cm. long. Flowers white, corolla rotate, 0.8 mm. long, 4-lobed, the lobes ovate, obtuse. Calyx tube ovoid. Fruit about 1 mm. in diameter, glabrous or somewhat rugose when dry. * Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892), 127. tl i Mi | ee ha 239 Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Santo Tomas (6557 Elmer) June, 1904: District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4531 Merrill) November, 1905, On dry grassy slopes in thin pine forest above 2,000 m. A second Philippine species is repre- sented by No. 6592 Elmer and No. 4414 Merrill from Benguet Provinee. From the descriptions available, and without access to authentic material, T am unable to separate these two numbers from the Australian Galium gaudichaudii DC., as determined by Mr. Elmer. HEDYOTIS Linn. Hedyotis microphylla Merrill sp. nov. An erect glabrous shrub or undershrub 1 to 2 m. high, with small. obscurely nerved, usually ovate-lanceolate leaves 1 to 3 cm. long, and axillary and terminal peduncled, usually 3-flowered cymes, the capsules 2-celled, septicidal. Branches slender light gray, quadrangular. Leaves submembranous dull or slightly shining, somewhat paler beneath, 5 to 8 mm. wide, the base acute, the apex acute or slightly acuminate, often blunt; nerves very obscure, nearly obsolete, about 3 on each side of the midrib; stipules short, 3-partite, the lobes narrow. Cymes 1 to 2 cm. long, the bracts foliaceous often 3 mm. long, the pedicels about 5 mm. long. Flowers white. Calyx 3 mm. long, the tube ovoid 1.5 mm. long, the lobes 4, persistent, oblong ovate, obtuse, about 1.5 mm. long. Corolla 5 mm. long, glabrous outside, the throat and base of the lobes villous inside, the tube broad, the lobes recurved, oblong ovate or ovate, acute, about 2 mm. long. Filaments nearly 2 mm. long; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.5 mm. Ovary 2-celled, each few ovuled; style 2.5 mm. long; stigma 2-cleft. Capsule elliptical-ovoid about 4 mm. long crowned by the calyx lobes, 2-celled, each cell with 2 or 3 flattened elliptical seeds about 1.5 mm. long, at length septicidally dehiscent from the apex. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai to Baguio (4693 Merrill) November, 1905; Suyoe to Pauai (4736 Merrill) November, 1905. On high ridges in the mossy forest 2,000 to 2,300 m. PAVETTA Linn. Pavetta dolichostyla Merrill sp. noy. A small shrub about 2 m. high with membranous slightly pubescent or nearly glabrous leaves and peduncled terminal cymes, the corolla tubes 3 cm. long, the exserted portion of the styles 4 to 4.5 cm. long. Branches greenish, glabrous, the stipules glabrous, narrowly ovate, 6 to 7 mm. long, acuminate, deciduous. Leaves 20 to 25 em. long, 7 to 9 em. wide, oblong oblanceolate to broadly oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowed below to the acute or acuminate base, and above to the acuminate apex, shining above, beneath paler and puberulent on the midrib and lateral nerves; nerves 12 to 14 on each side of the midrib, curved, anastomosing, the reticulations lax ; petioles 1 to 2.5 cm. long, pubescent. Cymes terminal, pubescent, about 3 from each branchlet, few flowered, the peduncles 1.5 em. long, subtended by broad bracts, the upper bracts and bracteoles linear to linear-lanceolate. Pedicels pubescent, 3 to 4 mm. long. Calyx 240 cup-shaped, about 2.5 mm. long, pubescent with short spreading hairs, 4-toothed, the teeth acute, 0.5 mm. long. Corolla slender, glabrous, white, 3 em. long, the lobes spreading, oblong-lanceolate to oblong- oblanceolate, obtuse, 10 mm. long, 3 to 3.5 mm. wide. Anthers linear, 5 to 6 mm. long, spirally twisted when, dry. Exserted portion of the style slender, glabrous 4 to 4.5 em. long. Mrnvoro, Bongabong River (3714 Merritt) March 21, 1906. In forests, river valley near sea level. A species well characterized by its long corolla tubes anid very long exserted styles, PSYCHOTRIA Linn. Psychotria crispipila Merrill sp. noy. A shrub 3 to 4 m. high with elliptical-ovate leaves which are promi- nently nerved and rather densely fulvous pubescent beneath with crisped hairs, the flowers crowded in dense subcapitate cymes on 2.5 to 4 cm. long terminal peduncles. Branches, petioles, and inflorescence also rather densely fulvous pubescent with crisped hairs. Leaves 7 to 10 cm. long, 3 to 5 em. wide about equally narrowed to both the acute apex and base, coriaceous, glabrous above; nerves 9 to 11 on each side of the midrib, obseure above, prominent beneath, parallel, anastomosing near the margin, the reticulations obscure; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm. long; stipules caducous. Peduncles 2 or 3 from each branchlet. Flowers white, sessile or short pediceled. Calyx 3 to 4 mm. long obscurely 4-toothed or subtruncate, fulvous pubescent with crisped hairs especially on the margin. Corolla 5 mm. long glabrous outside, the throat villous within, 4-cleft to or below the middle, the lobes oblong-ovate, obtuse, 2 to 3 mm. long. Fila- ments and anthers each about 1 mm. long, the latter elliptical-oblong. Ovary 2-celled, each cell with one ascending ovule; style about 2 mm. long. Fruit unknown. . Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4490 Merrill) November, 1905. In the mossy forest at 2,200 m. : Related to Psychotria bataanensis Elmer, differing from that species in its” elongated peduncles, densely crisped fulvous pubescent branches, petioles, under surface of its leaves and inflorescence. The leaves in the present species are always acute at the base, while in P. bataanensis they are narrowly cordate or auriculate. CAPRIFOLIACELE. LONICERA Linn. Lonicera philippinensis Merrill sp. nov. A scandent glabrous or nearly glabrous shrub 2 to 3 m. high, with 2- lipped corollas about 1.5 cm. long. Branches dark brown, glabrous, shining obscurely angled, slender, the young parts sparingly hirsute. Leaves narrowly oblong-ovate, entire, acute, the base broad, truncate or subcordate, 2.5 to 4 cm. long, 1 to 2 em. wide, coriaceous, shining above, quite glabrous or sparingly hirsute on the midrib on both surfaces ; nerves about 5 on each side of the midrib, the reticulations distinct ; 241 petioles about 5 mm. long, rugose, sparingly hirsute, becoming glabrous. Flowers white, turning yellowish in age, faintly odorous, in pairs in the upper axils, nearly sessile. Calyx 4 mm. long, ovoid, glabrous, the teeth ovate, acute, 5 mm. long, slightly hirsute-ciliate, the bract linear, glabrous or nearly so, about 3 mm. long. Corolla glabrous outside, hir- sute inside, the tube about 7 mm. long. Anthers oblong, 4 mm. long; filaments hirsute. Ovary 3-celled; style about 13 mm. long, slender, hirsute except just below the stigma. Fruit subglobose or ovoid, glabrous. black when mature, 5 to 6 mm. in diameter; seeds few, 2 or 3, about 4 mm. long. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai (4775 Merrill) November 8, 1905. In thickets, border of mossy forest at about 2.200 m. A species of the § Nintooa, subsect. Breviflorae, apparently most closely related to Lonicera glabrata Wall., of the Himalayan region, and quite distinet from the only other known Philippine species of the genus, L. rehderi Merr., which is also known only from the same province as is the present species. CUCURBITACEAE. ZANONIA Linn. Zanonia philippinensis Merrill sp. nov. Scandent in large trees reaching a height of from 30 to 50 m. Branches rather slender, striate, glabrous, grayish brown. ‘Tendrils gla- brous 8 to 10 cm. long or more. Leaves ovate, the base broad, somewhat cordate, coriaceous, glabrous, shining on both surfaces, paler beneath, the apex acute, 15 to 24 em. long, 10 to 12 em. wide, 3-nerved from the base, the lateral nerves prominent, few, distant; petioles 2 to 3.5 em. long. Flowers unknown. Fruit subglobose, brown, glabrous, somewhat shining, the pericarp brittle when dry, about 20 em. in diameter. Seeds indefinite, elliptical, flattened, 2.5 cm. long, 1.5 em. wide, wings mem- branous, surrounding the seed, each about 6 em. long, 4 em. wide. the base entire, curved, the apex irregularly lobed or toothed. MinDANnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (324 Mrs. Clemens) February, 1905. A species evidently related to the Malayan Zanonia macrocarpa Blume, differing from the latter in its cordate leaves, smaller seeds which have much wider and somewhat longer wings than in Blume’s species. Of this genus, Zanonia indica Linn., has been reported from the Philippines by F.-Villar, but his record has never been verified, CAMPANULACE A. PRATIA Gaud. Pratia begonifolia Lindl. Bot. Reg. ¢. 1373; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 422; Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 26 (1889) 2. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6201 Elmer) April, 1904; Baguio to Ambuklao (4369 Merrill) October 24, 1905. Growing on steep damp banks in ravines. Japan to Central and Southern China, Formosa, Eastern India, and Malaya. No species of the genus previously reported from the Philippines. 242 WAHLENBERGIA Schrad. Wahlenbergia bivalvis Merrill sp. nov. An erect, glabrous, lax, branched, annual herb 20 to 40 em. high with linear or linear-lanceolate entire leaves and solitary, long peduncled, blue flowers, the capsule 2-celled, 2-valved at the apex inside the persistent calyx teeth. Branches slender, terete. Leaves 1.5 to 3 cm. long, 1 to 4.5 mm. wide, acuminate, sessile or the basal ones petioled and sometimes sparingly pilose, the margins thickened, the lateral nerves obsolete. Pedunceles solitary, slender, 10 cm. long or less. Calyx glabrous, 5 mm. long, the tube 3 mm. long, oblong-ovoid, the lobes 5, erect, linear-lan- ceolate, acute, 2 mm. long. Corolla blue, campanulate, about 7 mm. long, 5-lobed, the tube nearly 3 mm. long, the lobes oblong, acute, about 2mm. wide. Stamens free; anthers narrow, 2 mm. long. Ovary infe- rior, 2-celled; style nearly 4 mm. long; stigma broadly lobed. Capsule membranous, oblong, 6 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, 2-celled, 2-valved at the apex inside the persistent erect calyx teeth, the apex convex, sub- conical. Seeds indefinite, elliptical-oblong, glabrous, 0.5 mm. long. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas) (4811 Merrill) November 12, 1905; Baguio to Ambuklao (4361 Merrill) October 24, 1905: District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4559 Merrill) November 4, 1905. A species apparently distinct from Wahlenbergia gracilis A. DC., especially in its 2-celled, 2-valved capsules, growing on dry open grassy slopes in thin pine forests 1,600 to 2,100 m., widely distributed but not abundant. COMPOSITE. AINSLIAEA DC. Ainsliaea reflexa Merrill sp. nov. Erect, simple, the leaves mostly radical, long petioled, the petioles winged-margined, the inflorescence long, racemose, the heads 3-flowered, about 12 mm. long, solitary or in pairs. Stems glabrous, terete, simple, erect 20 to 60 em. tall with few reduced linear-lanceolate leaves. Radical leaves membranous, glabrous or with few long hairs beneath and on the midrib above, the blade elliptical-oblong to oblong-ovate, 2.5 to 6 cm. long, 1 to 2 em. wide, acute, with distant, short spinulose teeth the nerves 2 to 3 on each side of the midrib, rather abruptly contracted at the base; petioles narrowly winged, much exceeding the lamina 6 to 8 em. long. Heads narrow, pedicellate, the pedicels 2 to 3 mm. long, pubescent, mostly reflexed, at least in anthesis. Involucral bracts spar- ingly pilose with scattered hairs, the lower ones 1.5 mm. long, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, the inner ones linear-lanceolate to linear-oblan- ceolate, 12 mm. long, about 1.8 mm. wide. Achenes 4.5 to 5 mm. long, 10 ribbed, somewhat compressed, about 1 mm. thick above, pilose with seattered spreading white hairs; pappus brownish, the bristles about 30 on each achene, 6 to 7 mm. long, plumose-pilose with 1 mm. long hairs. 243 Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4571 Merrill) November 4, 1905. Abundant in the mossy forests at about 2,200 m. Another form of this species is apparently represented by No. 4824 Merrill, Mount Tonglon, Province of Benguet, Luzon, November 12, 1905, this number growing under similar conditions as the preceding, but with the petioles scarcely exceeding the leaf blade in length. No species of the genus has previously been reported from the Philippines, the present species being apparently related to Ainsliaea pteropoda DC. CARPESIUM Linn. Carpesium cernuum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 859; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 300; Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 23 (1888) 430. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (4832 Merrill) November 12, 1905; Suyoc to Pauai (4688 Merrill) November 7, 1905: District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4512 Merrill) November, 1905. A decidedly interesting addition to our knowledge of the northern element in the Philippine flora, growing in the mossy forests on the higher mountains and ridges above 2,000 m., no species of the genus having been previously reported from the Philippines. The form here referred to Carpesium cernuum Linn. is apparently closest to the var. glandulosum Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 301. This exceedingly variable species extends from France to the Caucasus, the temperate Himalayan region, Khasia and Nilgherry Mountains, China, and Japan, also according to Clarke to Java. I can find no record of its having been found in southern China or Formosa although another species, C. abrotanoides Linn., has been encountered in the latter place. DICHROCEPHALA DC. Dichrocephala chrysanthemifolia DC. Prodr. 5 (1836) 372; Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 245; Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1888) 406. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4533 Merrill) November, 1905. On dry grassy slopes in thin pine forests at about 2,000 m., the second species of the genus to be found in the Philippines. China to British India and tropical Africa. EMILIA Cass. Emilia pinnatifida Merrill sp. nov. An erect, simple or slightly branched herb 15 to 35 em. high with glabrous or more or less pubescent usually finely lyrately lobed leaves, the involucral bracts much shorter than the flowers. Stems glabrous, finely channeled. Leaves various, the radical ones sessile or short petioled, 4 to 5 cm. long or less, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, glabrous or with scattered weak hairs beneath, the lobes irregular, 2 to 4 mm. wide, often extending nearly to the midrib, their margins irregularly crenate, the terminal lobe usually larger than the lateral ones; cauline leaves similar to the radical, sessile, clasping, few, the lower ones as long as the radical leaves, the upper one much reduced. Peduncles 2 to 7 em. long. Heads 1 cm. long, the flowers pink. Involucral bracts glabrous, 1-seriate, 7 to 8 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide, oblong-lanceolate, acute or slightly acute, about 5-nerved. Achenes when mature nearly 3 mm. long, scurely angled, finely pubescent ; pappus copious, soft, white, about 6 mm. long, minutely scabrid. Corollas slender, 7 to 8 mm. long, 5-lobed, the ob- Rn Ts i ad is il vo 244 lobes lanceolate, acute or obtuse, about 2.5 mm. long. Style arms nearly 1.5 mm. long. ete Plants, ee Barisan pric nt ee Bap Mode Son eae Uo -) ee The «Philippine Journal of Science’’ is issued i in approx- , i os imately ten numbers a year. : i aes Authors receive roo copies of their paper free. Copies of = _--- reprints may be purchased at 25 cents, United States cur- i rency, for each number. Where an article runs through = Sere Ss ~ several numbers of the “Journal” the reprint will be bound = = as one number and the cost of each reprint will be one-third the cost of the number of i issues of the ‘‘Journal’’ involved. Seotiices __ The subscription price is $5, United States currency, per e ae year; single number, 75 cents; supplements, 50 cents each. ees Subscriptions may be sent to the DIRECTOR OF PRINT- Pc ING; Manila, P. I. = PE ew Bate ‘FOREIGN AGENTS. - The MACMILLAN COMPANY, 64-66 Fifth Avenue: New York. _ Messrs. WM. WESLEY & SON, 28 Essex Street, Strand, London, w. e. £ _ Messrs. MAYER & MULLER, Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse 2, poh a N.W. ss Messrs. KELLY & WALSH, LIMITED, 32 Raffles Place, °, 8. er aa Messrs. A. M. & J. FERGUSON, 19 Baillie Street, Colombo, sed soi Copyright epplied for. Entered at the post-office at Manila, P. L., as Sees ase matter. ) ADDRESS EXCHANGES, BUREAU OF SCIENCE, 3 MANILA, P. be 1906 SEPTEMBER 15, fa a us -. A Ey NAL OF SCIENCE EDITED BY CFR Pu. D. a; ° EER, M EDITORS Cco- RICHARD P. STRONG, Pu. B., M. D. ren M.S. RRILL, M a5 4 PUBLISHED BY H. D. McCASKEY, B. S. ELD. OF THE | _ GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS PREVIOUS | PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. = No. 1, 1902, mrete ain! Laboratory, Sapam inky Report of the Appearance in the Phil- ane eet of a Disease Clinically Resembling Glanders. By R. Strong, M. D. 1902, Chemical Laboratory.—The Preparation of Benzoyl- -Acetyl Peroxide and Its Use — an Intestinal Antiseptic in Cholera and Dysentery. Preliminary Notes. By Paul eee M. -D., Ph. D. 1908, Biologi 1 Luboriiore: —A Preliminary Report on Trypanosomiasis of Horses in tthe Builipgine Islands. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Norman E, Williamson, 0. 4, 1903, Serum Laboratory. —Preliminary Report on the Study of Cattle and Cara- ag in the Philippine. Islands. By James W. Jobling, M. D. No. 5, 1908, Biological Laboratory.—Trypanosoma and Trypanosomiasis, with Special Reference to Surra in the Philippine Islands. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Moses T. ™ a 6, 1903.—New .or Noteworthy Plants, I. .The American Element in the Philippine Flora. "By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. (Issued January 20, 1904.) No, 7, 1903, Chemical Laboratory. Saree Gutta Percha and Rubber of the Philippine Islands. By Penoyer L. Sherman, jr., with Special Sates to Its Influence on the Demonstration of the Indol and Cholera-Red Reactions. By William B. Wherry, M, D. (Concluded on third page of cover.) — THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Vou, I SEPTEMBER 15, 1906 SuppLEMENT IV is th NEW PHILIPPINE ACANTHACE. By C. B. CLARKE. _ (Kew, England.) HEMIGRAPHIS Nees. i Hemigraphis fruticulosa (C. B. Clarke ms. in Loher nn. 4251, 4252). Parva, fruticulosa, repens, ramosa, sparsim pilosa; foliis 10-14 mm. ) longis, late ovatis, obtusis, breviter petiolatis; capitulis terminalibus, | paucifloris, laxiusculis; ceteroquin ut H. reptans Hemsl. Corolla 1 em. longa. Folia dura, in face superiore sublucida rhaphi- dibus inspersa, in face inferiore pilosula. Capsula 7 mm. longa, linearis, 6-sperma. Pollina parva, late elliptica, fere leve, poris 2. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Cervantes to Mancayan (4465 Merrill) November, 1905. Hemigraphis hirsuta T. Anders. in Journ. Agr. Hort. Soc. Ind. N. 8. 1 (1868) 270. PALAWAN (290 Bermejos) January, 1906, in forests at Tanabag near Puerto Princesa. New to the Philippines. Malaya. HYPOESTES R. Br. | Hypoestes acutior sp. nov. Foliis 10-15 cm. longis, lanceolatis aut ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis; paniculis compositis, laxiusculis, pubescentibus, viscosulis ; involucris 12 mm. longis, lobis 2, lanccolatis, apice subacute triangu- laribus; ceteroquin ut H. Vidalii C. B. Clarke. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (62 Foxworthy) January, 1906, MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (276 Mrs. Clemens) February, 1906. 46214 , 247 \ 4 IE de ™ a om) 7 ° z 4 SE ae one eae Te © ie vx Japs eee dy chad APES PO ST TS ee ew ye | Ree eee Fe ee <_< * aa aid ae tae : 248 Hypoestes Palawanensis sp. nov. : Foliorum lamina 22 mm. longa, 10 cm. lata, glabrata, utrinque acuta; petiolo usque ad 5 cm. longo; panicula 8 cm. longa, 4 em. lata, perdensa, hirsuta; involucris 15 mm. longis, lobis apice lanceolatis. PALAWAN (316 Bermejos) January, 1906, in forests at Tanabag, near Puerto Princesa. This species resembles Vidal No. 3401, an undescribed Philippine species, in which, however, the involucres are about 8 mm. long, hardly half the length of those of H. Palawanensis. JUSTICIA Linn. Justicia Vidalii (C. B. Clarke ms. in Vidal n. 3402). Inflorescentia laxa stroboloidea; bracteis (foliis floralibus) spatulato- rotundatis, 5 mm. longis, proventu vix imbricatis, densius breviter villosis. Leaf blades 18 by 8 cm., narrowed at either end, subglabrous; petioles 3 to 5 cm. long. Peduncles terminal and axillary the inflorescence paniculate. Sepals 3 mm. long, linear. Corolla 7 mm. long. Stamens 2, one anther cell below the other, tailed at the base. Pollen ellipsoid with one row of large dots longitudinal beside each stopple. Capsule 1 cm. long, stalked, hairy, 4-seeded. PALAWAN (288 Bermejos). In forests at Tanabag, near Puerto Princesa, Jan- uary, 1906. RUELLIA Linn. Ruelia (?) nudispica sp. nov. Subacaulis, foliis 1 dm. longis, 4 cm. latis, oblongo-ellipticis, perobtusis, pilosulis; petiolo 8 mm. longo; pedunculo 5-8 em. longo; spica 2-3 cm. longa, 6-flora ; bracteis 2-4 mm. longis, lanceolatis; corolla 12 mm. longa; capsula 2 cm. longa, lineari-oblonga; seminibus 16-20, in margine dense hygroscopice villosis. Stamens 4. Anther cells 2, divergent at the base, not tailed. Pollen globose. I had but one withered flower and obtained a very few imperfect pollen grains. ‘The inflorescence does not suit Ruellia. The plant must, however, come into this group, as the seed with hygroscopic hairs will not do for Gymnostachyum. PALAWAN (351 Bermejos) February, 1906, in forests near Puerto Princesa. RUNGIA Nees. Rungia lepida C. B. Clarke sp. nov. Parva, ramulosa, undique pilosula, foliis late ovatis, usque ad 15 mm. longis, 14 mm. latis; spicis terminalibus, strobilatis, 5-6 mm. in diam., vel cylindricis, 2-3 cm. longis, vel abbreviatis 1 cm. longis, perdensis ; bracteis 3 mm. in diam., rotundis, apice vix apiculatis, pilosis, in margine anguste alboscaricosis; corolla azurea. Luzon, Lepanto (4450 Merrill) October, 1905. Species R. chinensi Benth., affinis. ee A SS LE EE ee RE ee a a et es co te Se eee eta eh. ee 249 STROBILANTHES Blume. Strobilanthes cincinnalis C. B. Clarke sp. nov. Foliis (oppositis paullo inaequalibus) 9 cm. longis, 3 em. latis, ellip- \ ticis, utrinque attenuatis, paullo denticulatis, in facie superiore a rhaphidibus minutis inspersis, in facie inferiore in neryo centrali puberulo-scabris ; petiolo 5-8 mm. longo; inflorescentia 2—4-flora, cincin- nali, floribus solitariis inter se 10-15 mm. distantibus; sepalis 12-15 mm. longis, lineari-oblongis, obtusis, fusco-nigris, hispido-scabris ; capsula 15 mm. longa, glabra; seminibus 4, hygroscopice villosis. Luzon, Lepanto, Mount Data (4574 Merrill) November, 1905, 2,250 m. s. m. Strobilanthes Wallichii Nees, affinis. Pi ts eT ESN RE tees Sere pee Se oe aS A gee eS RO ce ee gh NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS, Il. By Epwtn BIncHAM COPELAND. (From the Bureau of Education, Manila, P. I.) TRICHOMANES &m. Trichomanes Christii Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate late repente, 1 mm. crasso; stipitibus tenuibus, ca. 1 cm. altis, pilis brevissimis paucis pubescentibus; fronde 5-8 cm. altis, 25-35 mm. latis, acutis, tripinnatifidis; rhachi sursum anguste alata; pinnis oblongis, obtusis, infinis diminutis ; segmentis integris, linearibus ; urceolis infundibuliformi-campanulatis, anguste alatis alis saepius sub limbo evanescentibus, limbo leviter elato, subbilabiato, receptaculo incluso. Mrnpboro, prope fluminem Baco. Merrill 1819. Near Trichomanes pywidiferum and T. bipunctatum, easily recognized by the comparatively large frond and short stipe, and included receptaculum. CYATHEA J. Sm. Cyathea tripinnata Copel. sp. nov. Trunco erecto, 2 m. alto, 10 cm. crasso, albido-paleaceo, cicatricibus frondium 3.5-4 em. altis latisque; stipitibus 60 cm. longis, 2-3 cm. ‘erassis, basibus in coronam palearum albo-straminearum 3-5 cm. lon- garum 1 mm. latarum occultis, sursum rhachibusque sub tomento minuto denso fulvo atropurpureis, spinulis acutis sparsis 1 mm. altis asperis; fronde 2 m. longa, 1.5 m. lata, tripinnata; pinnis medialibus maximis, 80 cm. longis, 23 cm. latis, abrupte acutis; pinnulis' 12 cm. longis, 20-25 mm. latis, abrupte acuminatis; pinnulis " ca. 12 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis, sessilibus, cordatis vel superioribus adnatis, subacutis, serrulatis, herbaceis, infra pallidioribus, paleis stramineis ad costas et rarissime ad venulas sparsis, aliter glabris; venulis apud costam furcatis; soris costa- libus, ca. 1.5 mm. latis, utroque latere ca. 5, ad partem mediam pinnulae restrictis ; indusio albo-stramineo, tenuissimo, in fragmenta sericea persis- -tentia mox rupto. Luzon, monte Mariveles, in cratere extincto, 900 m. s. m. Copeland 2068. This has some characters in common with C. arachnoidea Hooker, but is a very distinct species. 251 a 7 eee. 252 ASPIDIUM Swartz. Aspidium ¢Arcypteris) Bolsteri Copel. sp. nov. Caudice adscendente, lignoso, 1.5—3 em. crasso, paleis castaneis 15 mm. longis 2 mm. latis apiculatis coronato; stipitibus confertis, ca. 50 em. altis, 8 mm. crassis, nisi ad pedes ca. 5 em. altos alatis, alis ca. 15 mm. latis; fronde 60-80 cm. alta, ovata, pinnatifida, coriaceo-papyracea, glabra; segmentis ca. 5-jugatis, patentibus, ovatis, ca. 30 cm. longis, 10 em. latis, acuminatis, integris, ala 15-30 mm. lata confluentibus, sinubus rhachin versus valde dilatatis; venis primariis fere ad marginem at- tingentibus, arcuatis, venulis transversalibus in parte fertile inconspicuis connexis ; soris superficialibus, 1—-1.5 mm. latis, inter venulas transversales biseriatis, in serie quaque 4-10, pagina tota usque ad marginem sorifera; indusiis nullis vel caducis. MinDANAO, Surigao, ad terram umbrosam truncosque. Bolster 305. A species with the aspect of A. vastum BI., but differing in several details, besides the apparent absence of indusia. SCHIZOLOMA Gaudich. Schizoloma angustum Copel. sp. noy. Rhizomate breve, repente, 3 mm. crasso, paleis minutis angustis cas- taneis vestito; stipitibus confertis, 3-8 cm. altis, 1-1.5 mm. crassis, atropurpurets, interdum flexuosis, deorsum pilis concoloribus 1.5 mm. longis sparsis vestitis, sursum rhachibusque triangularibus glabris, nitidis ; fronde 10-18 cm. alta, ca. 1 cm. lata, pinnata; pinnis sessilibus basibus utrobique truncatis saepe super costam imbricatis, tandem deciduis, ellipticis, ca. 5 mm. latis, 4 mm. altis, rotundatis, integris, glabris, coriaceis, leviter convexis, infimis paullo remotis deflexis; venulis flabel- latis, liberis, immersis; soro continuo, lato. (Tab. IB.) PALAWAN, monte Victoria, ad saxa rivularia. Foaworthy 875. Near to the next species, from which it differs most in the very broad bases of the pinne; except near the base of the frond, the rachis ean not be seen from above, because of the overlapping pinne. : Schizoloma ovata (J. Sm.) Lindsaya ovata J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 5: 3; Spec. Fil. 1: 204, pl. 64 A. Luzon, Cuming 175, in herb. Bureau of Science; apparently not collected since Cuming’s time. The figure in Species Filicum accurately represents our specimen. Schizoloma jamesonioides (Baker) Lindsaya jamesonioides Baker in Journ. Bot. (1879) 39; Hooker, Icones Plant. II. 7: pl. 1626; Christ in Ann. Jar. Bot. Buitenz. 15 (1898) 103. Borneo and Celebes. Unknown in the Philippines. Schizoloma fuligineum Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate repente, breve, 2-3 mm. crasso, paleis filiformibus badiis minutis vestito; stipitibus caespitosis, 7-10 em. altis, pedibus paleaceis, aliter rhachibusque glabris, nitidis, castaneis; fronde 20-30 em. alta, 2.5-3 em. lata, sursum sensim angustata, pinnata, glabra; pinnis subses- silibus, ad rhachin articulatis, infimis deflexis, aliis horizontalibus, obtusis, SES ay Bi 253 integris, auriculatis auriculis interdum acutis, 12-16 mm. longis, 7-10 mm. latis, coriaceis, infra fuligineis, supra nigro-castaneis ; venulis liberis. (Tab. Ta.) Surigao, Mindanao, ad terram siceam prope marem. Bolster 276. Related rather to Schizoloma guerinianum Gaudich., than to S. divergens (Wall.) Diels, which has comparatively long and narrow pinne and pale foliage. The pinne are articulate to the rhachis, but rarely separate from it. About one pinna in ten shows an anastomosis of veinlets. It is smaller than 8. pellaeiforme (Christ) Christen. (Lindsaya pellaeiformis Christ, Fil. Saras. 287; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 15 (1898) 102. pl. 14. f. 14.), and has comparatively much deeper pinne. ATHYRIUM Roth. Athyrium hyalostegium Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate ad terram repente, plerumque intertexto, 1 mm. crasso, paleis minutis ferrugineis sparsis vestito; stipitibus caespitosis, 4—8 cm. altis, filiformibus, stramineis vel viridulis, pedes versus brunnescentibus, sursum rhachibusque pilis albis 0.3 mm. longis sericeis; fronde 3—7 em. alta, 1.7-4 cm. lata, acuminata, bipinnata, pinnis ovatis obtusis infimis pinnatis, supremis integris coadunatis; pinnulis: vel segmentis anguste oblongis, obtusis, plerumque integris, herbaceis, pilis albis 0.5 mm. longis sparsis pubescentibus; venulis simplicibus; indusiis tenuibus, setaceis, rarius aspleniiformibus, saepius curvis et utroque latere venulae fere aequaliter adnatis, i. e., nephrodiiformibus; sporangiis glabris. Luzon, ad montem Mariveles, 1,350 m. s. m. Copeland 2033, Merrill 5186, eodem. A distinct species, but of rather uncertain generic affinity. Athyriwm seems to me the most natural place; but ferns I can not distinguish from Nephrodium distans (Don) Diels sometimes have athyrioid indusia. Athyrium aristulatum Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate erecto, paleis cinnamomeis lanceolatis acuminatis 3 mm. longis basibusque stipitum dense obtecto ; stipitibus caespitosis, ca. 20 em. altis, gracilibus, basibus nigrescenti-stramineis paleaceis, sursum rhachi- busque glabris viridulis; fronde 20-25 em. alta, 10-13 cm. lata, acumi- nata, tripinnata; pinnis lanceolato-ovatis, brevi-stipitatis, plerumque acutis; pinnulis' oblongis, obtusis, rhachibus anguste alatis; pinnulis oblongis, obtusis vel truncatis, adnatis, serratis vel dentatis dentibus acutis plerumque aristulatis retroflexis, membranaceis, glabris, supra atro-viridibus, infra pallidioribus ; soris costalibus, indusiis brevibus, latis, rectis vel curvis, albidis. Luzon, monte Data, 2,200 m. s. m., ad terram umbrosam. Copeland 1880. Athyrium aristulatum var. sphagnicolum Copel. var. nov. Forma nana, stipitibus filiformibus 6-12 cm. altis, frondibus 5-10 em. altis, bipinnatis. Ibidem in apricis cum Sphagno. Copeland 1871. A very distinct species, conspicuous in the field for the pubescent appearance of the upper surface, caused entirely by the very sharp, elevated or reflexed teeth. ee eee a oe Or Pees ~~ ——-_'?. |) ee Me “77 42 —~ «CF 254 Athyrium philippinense Christ. This plant was described (Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 154) as a variety of A. Sarasinorum, but Dr. Christ writes that he now regards it as specifically distinct. DIPLAZIUM Swartz. Diplazium Bolsteri Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate adscendente; stipitibus econfertis, 5-10 em. altis, gracilibus, pedibus nigris nigro-castaneo-paleaceis, sursum rhachibusque sordide viri- dibus, fere glabris; fronde 20-25 cm. alta, 3.5-5 em. lata, acuminata, bipinnata, apice pinnatifida; pinnis infimis deflexis vix diminutis, alts adscendenti-falcatis, stipitatis, basibus acroscopicis valde auriculatis, basiscopicis late excisis, 2-3 cm. longis, acuminatis, apicem versus acute serratis, rhachin versus incisis vel pinnatis, glabris, papyraceis, infra pallidis; venulis manifestis, sorisque perobliquis; indusiis angustis, cas- taneo-fulvis. (Tab. IT.) Surigao, Mindanao, ad terram umbrosam, 200 m. s. m. Bolster 264. In the group of D. Williamsi and D. Whitfordi, more slender throughout than either, and well characterized by the acuminate, faleate pinnae, prominent auricles, and very oblique sori. ASPLENIUM Linn. Asplenium exiguum Beddome. Fern. South. Ind. Pl. 146. Luzon, Benguet, Adouay, Copeland 1845, China and India. Dr. Christ, who knows the type of A. yunnanense Franchet (Cf. Bull. Soe, Bot. Fr. IV 5 (1905) 53) regards my plant (1845) as intermediate between it and A. exiguum. My material seems on the whole to be nearer the latter; but it varies sufficiently fully to cover both, and Beddome’s name is the older. I believe that this species includes also A. Loherianum Christ, though the rachis is usually glabrous, Asplenium militare Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate ad terram repente, 1 mm. crasso, paleis murino-fuligineis lanceolatis acuminatis 5 mm. longis densissime vestito; stipitibus 40-50 em. altis, validis, rhachibusque castaneis, nitidis, glabrescentibus ; fronde 60-100 em. alta, 25-30 em. lata, pinnata cum impari; pinnis brevi-stipi- tatis, remotis, infimis vix diminutis, majoribus 15-18 em. longis, 20-24 mm. latis, basibus inaequilateraliter cuneatis vel acroscopice truncatis, marginibus deorsum serratis sursum biserratis sinubus angustissimis, apicibus acuminatis in caudas productis, papyraceo coriaceis, glabris, infra olivaceis, supra potius fuligineis; venulis furcatis, angulo acuto orsis, patentibus; soris 10-12 mm. longis, curvis, costalibus. MINDANAO, ad montem Apo, 1,800 m. s. m. Copeland 1505. A very large representative of the caudatum group, with some resemblance to the American A. Serra L. et F. Similar to this are some remarkable ferns collected in the same neighborhood by De Vore and Hoover, No. 321. There are three specimens in the material of this number which by themselves would seem to be as many distinct new species ; in view of this probable mixture of species, it seems best to await anather collection before describing any of them. ry, OO ee eee ee ee eee ee ~~ ar 5 AS oe eee ae ee 255 ADIANTUM Linn. Adiantum opacum Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate breve, paleis angustissimis 4 mm. longis castaneis vestito ; stipitibus confertis, 20 cm. altis, gracilibus, basibus pilis sparsis 6 mm. longis vestitis, dein glabris, sursum rhachibusque infra brevissime pubes- ~ centibus; fronde 16-20 em. alta, ovata, tripinnata; pediculis pinnularum 1.5 mm. altis, persistentibus; pinnulis deciduis, plerumque dimidiatis, ca. 8 mm. altis, 10-12 mm. latis, glabris, pallidis, papyraceo-opacis ; margine anguste cartilaginea, basiscopica plus minus recta integra, acros- copica rotundata in lobos 2—4 leviter crenata; venulis flabellatis, proximis, liberis; soro in lobo quoque uno, magno, 1.5—3 mm. lato, 1-1.5 mm. alto, nigro-fusco, sporangiis fere ad venulas restrictis. (Tab. III.) PALAWAN, ad ripas fluminum. Foaworthy 869 (Iwahig), 874 (monte Victoria). Near A. pulchellum Bl., but a smaller fern, with few large sori, and pinnules of different form. PTERIS Linn. Pteris Whitfordi Copel. sp. nov. Species Pteridi quadriauritae qua segmentis angulo acuto, 30°—40°, costa orientibus, sinubus angustissimis fere vel usque ad costam attin- gentibus differt, affinis. Stipitibus confertis, 35-50 cm. altis, deorsum paleis laete castaneis 6 mm. longis lanceolatis vestitis; fronde 35 em. plus minus alta, ovata; venulis conspicuis, glabris. NEGROS, ad saxa prope fluminem Gimagan. Whitford 1660. MONOGRAMMA Schk. Monogramma (Pleurogramme) intermedia Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate erecto, gracile, basibus brunneis frondium dense obtecto ; frondibus confertis, 4—6 cm. altis, 3-5 mm. latis, obtusis, deorsum sensim ad pedes sessiles angustatis, integris marginibus acieformibus, glabris, idioblastis in epidermide carentibus, coriaceis; costa supra sulca angusta notata; venulis immersis, occultis; soris continuis, medialibus, ad partem superiorem frondis restrictis, in sulcis 0.6 mm. altis marginem versus — apertis immersis. Neeros, monte Silay, 1,000 m. s.m. Whitford 1503. Epiphytica. A most distinct species. My disposition is to recognize Presl’s Pleurogramme as a distinet genus. POLYPODIUM Linn. Polypodium Merritti Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate breve, repente, 2 mm. crasso, paleis 2 mm. longis lanceolatis glanduloso-ciliatis fulvo-ferrugineis vestito; stipitibus 1-2 em. altis, non ad rhizomatem articulatis, tenuibus, frondeque tota pilis brevissimis hyalinis sparsis subglandulosis; fronde 10-17 em. alta, ca. 1 em. lata, vix sursum angustata, crasso-herbacea, fere ad rhachin pinnatifida; seg- mentis oblongis, plerumque obtusis, decurrenti-confluentibus, obtuse den- tatis dentihus utroque latere 1-3; venulis simplicibus, inconspicuis, intra x ‘ ; 256 marginem evanescentibus ; soris in segmento quoque 2-5, costalibus, orbi- cularibus, superficialibus, interdum confluentibus. Mrnpboro, ad montem Halcon; de ramis muscosis pendente. Merritt. A probable relative of P. solidum Mett., and P. corticolum C. Chr. (P. glan- dulosum Hook.) ; but longer, narrower, less coriaceous than the former and not glabrous; larger than the latter, and essentially different in the position of the sori, which are subterminal on the veinlets of P. corticolum, but basal on these of P. Merritti. Polypodium (Phymatodes) Whitfordi Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate ad ramos repente, 1.5—2 mm. crasso, paleis pallide ferru- gineis denique sordidis lanceolatis apiculatis 3 mm. longis persistentibus vestito ; stipitibus remotis, filiformibus, frondis sterilis 10-35 mm., frondis fertilis 25-45 mm. altis, glabris; frondibus glabris, coriaceis, sterile 10-20 mm. longa suborbiculare, vel usque ad 35 mm. longa ovata, obtusa, margine angustissima cartilaginea incisula; costa infra nigra, venis primariis rectis, marginem fere attingentibus, venulis ca. 3 transversalibus connexis, venulis liberis inclusis paucis, excurrentibus; fronde fertile 20-60 mm. longa, 6-9 mm. lata, minoribus integris obtusis, majoribus crenatis acutis, basibus cuneatis; soris utroque latere uniseriatis, media- libus, subimmersis et supra prominulis, haud ad partem superiorem frondis restrictis. (Tab. IV B.) Luzon, ad montem Mariveles, 1,300 m. s. m., ad ramos muscosos epiphyticum. Copeland 2032, Merrill 3244. This is in the group of P. neglectum Bl., and P. Nummularium Mett. It may be the P. rhynchophylium of Christ (Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 199) but not of Hooker Sp. Fil. 1: 65. It is decidedly smaller than this Indian fern, with rather immersed sori not confined to the upper part of the frond, and larger areole with excurrent veinlets. Polypodium Nummularium Mett. I am unable to distinguish P. hammatisorum Harrington. The plant is a Phymatodes, rather than a Goniophlebium. Polypodium (Schellolepis) benguetense Copel. sp. nov. P. mengtzeense Copel. in Phil. Journ. Se. 1 (1906) Suppl. 161. Tab. 21, non Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 869. Rhizomate repente, 3 mm. crasso, paleis atro-fulvis 2 mm. longis — lanceolatis acuminatis dense vestito; stipitibus ca. 15 em. altis, rhachi- busque plerumque stramineis, glabrescentibus; fronde 20-25 cm. alta, 12-20 em. lata, pinnata; pinnis 1-2 cm. inter se remotis nec infimis multo remotioribus, plerumque oppositis, sessilibus, supremis distinctis neque decurrentibus nec multis adnatis, subcordatis vel hastato-dilatatis, acuminatis, acute serratis, membranaceis, glabris ; costa prominente, venis inconspicuis, seriem unam areolarum, interdum alteram minorum efficien- tibus ; soris subimmersis. Luzon, Benguet, Ambuklao, 750 m. s. m., ad terram. Oopeland 1892 Typus. This species was prepared for publication in my preceding paper; but, after the galley proof was corrected, I received a letter from Dr. Christ identifying Elmer’s 6406 as P. mengtzeense. Having only the description of P. mengtzeense, | EO sae eS ee ee ee - a OE a St oe eee. ae ee ee | Pare 257 but no specimens, I could not do otherwise than accept the determination. He now regards my plants as distinct. Judging by the description, the two species are very different, P. mengtzeense being related rather to P. argutum. Polypodium (Selliguea) Bolsteri Copel. sp. nov. Rhizomate late repente, 2-3 mm. crasso, paleis, subatris aculeato-ovatis *-3 min. longis vestito, denique nudo; frondibus sparsis, sessilibus vel brevi-stipitatis, 20-30 cm. longis, 1-2 cm. latis, utrinque sensim atten- uatis, integris, glabris, membranaceis; venis primariis flexuosis, mar- ginem vix attingentibus, venatione tenuiore irregulare, venulis liberis inclusis ; soris irregularibus, elongatis vel in seriebus solitariis instructis, venis primariis parallelibus. (Tab. IV a.) MINDANAO, Surigao. Bolster s. n. Different from P. Selliguea in the almost sessile fronds, irregular areola, and short sori. Polypodium (Selliguea) Feei Mett. MINDANAO, Prov. of Surigao. Bolster 337. Java. GLEICHENIA Sm. Gleichenia dolosa Copel. nom. nov. (Dicranopteris dolosa Copeland in Perkins’s Fragmenta Fl. Philip. (1905) 193.) , Gleichenia crassifolia (Presl) Copel. (Mertensia crassifolia Pres] in Epim. Bot. p. 23, Tab. 13.) This has been treated as a form of G. linearis, but seems to me to have very sufficient specific characters. Our specimens are from Mount Apo, MINDANAO; Copeland 1160, 1458, De Vore and Hoover 342. i ee ee ee | ee ee ee a ) % Navarro, ium Bolsteri Copel. IIL. Adiantum opacum Copel. 258 by Bugs , Polypodium Bolsteri B, Polypodium Whitfordi_ A wn S| 5 4 Fy ) & He 4 i. Iv (All drawings 259 COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE PHIL. JOURN. ScI., Vou. I, Supp. IV, } . { SEPTEMBER 15, 1906. Ferns, II. \ ¢/, iY AN i PASAY —~ - . RM yy rg 5 Ni fa er ee eo phn) eta mle, es lll Reali 260 PHIL. Journ. Sci., Vou. I, Supp. IV, SEPTEMBER 15, 1906 COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE Frrns, II ae ee ee ee FN ee ee ay ee) Tas. II. restr wee i ae eee, -_ Ete) 2 eS bia at a hee, A ee we Payee he ptm a en ee me ey i hs Ce pear on Cee, ey a FUR ee Or, a : 261 COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE PHIL. JOURN. Sct., Vou. I, Supp. IV, Ferns, II. } { SEPTEMBER 15, 1906. Tas. III. Cee Coe, 2 iil Rie) Bo Td ; 2 i 4 4 > 262 > — z Ne} 2s ot Sus > if 3) as ze Sa BS Qn =| - x Ay aa Il. COPELAND : NEW PHILIPPINE FERNS, Tas. TV. 2 ee + NOTES ON PHILIPPINE GRAMINEA, Il. By E. HACKET. (Graz, Austria.) The present article, as was the case with the preceding paper pub- lished under this title,* has been compiled from notes «nd identifications submitted by Dr. Hackel, the material having been suj plied to him in part for identification and in part for verification of my own determina- tions. In the present short paper, including the species and varieties described as new, 29 species and varieties and 4 genera are added to the Philippine flora, with one exception, all from a collection made in less than a month’s time in the highlands of Benguet and Lepanto, Northern Luzon. The very striking character of the collection, other than such more or less characteristic northern types as Pollinia nuda Trin., P. im- berbis var. Willdenowiana forma monostachya Hack., Arthraxon ciliaris Beauv., varieties, A. microphyllus Hochst., Panicum pedicellare Hack., P. villosum Lam., Calamagrostis arundinacea Roth, var. nipponica Hack., and Brachypodium silvaticum Beauv., is the presence of a series of distinct southern or Australian types, such as Chionachne biaurita Hack., Pollinia irritans Benth., Andropogon Baileyi F. Muell., A. fragilis R. Br., var. luzoniensis Hack., A. filipendulus Hochst., var. lachnatherus Hack., Ischaemum arundinaceum ¥. Muell., var. radicans Hack., and Microlaena stipoides R. Br.—(K. D. M.) CHIONACHNE R. Br. Chionachne biaurita Hack. sp. nov. Annua. Culmus erectus 4—5 dm. altus robustus plurinodis, ex omnibus nodis ramos floriferos saepius binos elongatos ramulosos subfastigiatos procreans, semiteres, canaliculatus, glaberrimus. Vaginae internodiis multo breviores, laxae, compressae, pilis rigidis basi grosse tuberculatis hirsutae v. solis tuberculis scabrae. Ligula series ciliorum brevium. Laminae e basi angustata lineari-lanceolatae acutae, 12—24 cm. longae, ad 10 mm. latae, flaccidulae, virides, praeter margines superne scabras glaber- rimae vel pilis paucis adspersae, tenuinerves. Spicae in apice ramorum 1 Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila (1906), No. 35, 79-82. 46214——_2 263 Ss se eae © 2 oe ; : ; = E ; 7 oe oe ee _— TT eet eat ia eee Noe ee. 264 ramulorumque tenui-filiformium 10-15 cm. longorum vel in axillis foliorum inferiorum solitariae, binae vy. ternae, breviter pedunculatae, vagina ventricosa folii fulcientis velut spatha communi maxima parte obvolutae, singulae, singula spatha subventricosa laminam brevissimam gerente pedunculam aequante vy. superante, cire. 2 cm. longa, glabra, viridi fultae, lineares, a dorso subcompressae, 1.5—2 cm. longae, pallide virides, spiculis sessilibus cire. 4 in simplici serie superpositis et ternione terminali spicularum mascularum constantes. Rhacheos articuli spiculam ? subaequantes v.ea 4 breviores, late clavati, praeter basim pilosulam glab- errimi, inanes, oblique secedentes. Spiculae foemineae 2 inferiores soli- tariae, adjecto pedicello sterili brevi rhacheos articulo basi adnato ; spiculis ? duabus superioribus adstat singula spicula d vel neutra pedicellata ; terminatur spica spicula o pedicellata cujus pedicelli basi insidet spicula 3 sessilis et adstat altera spicula d pedicellata. Spiculae foemineae: gluma I oblon:a, apice late biaurita, auriculis semiovatis acutiusculis antice denticulatis ciliolatis subherbaceis nervis reticulatis viridibus per- cursis, patentibus, in anguli interioris marginibus costa alba notatis, marginibus exterioribus inflexis, cum callo 1.5 mm. longo obtusissimo glabro et cum auriculis 3 mm. longis 7—7.5 mm. longa, dorso subconvexo chartaceo albido glaberrimo multinervis, lateribus inflexis papilloso- secaberula. Gluma IT 1*™ sine auriculis aequans (4.5 mm. lg.) ovata, subito acuminata, chartacea, plana, nervo medio prominente, marginibus inflexis, glaberrima, 7—5-nervis. Gluma IIT Il*™ aequans, ovato-oblonga breviter acuminata membranacea tenuissime 3-nervis glabra, scabra, vacua; IV III simillima, ejus palea anguste linearis, bidentula. Caryopsis late oblonga, a dorso compressa pallida, 2.5 mm. longa, basi emarginata, embryone caryopseos } aequante, macula hilari valde depressa atroviolacea. Spiculae musculae lanceolatae, 5 mm. longae, pallidae, viridi-striatae, glaberrimae, pedicellis glaberrimis tenuibus (non clavatis) fultae (biflorae ?); gluma I lanceolata, acutiuscula, planiuscula, 7—9- nervis; II I*™ aequans, lanceolata acuminata 3-nervis; III hyalina cum palea (et flore d ?) ; IV ei simillima, palea binervis. Stamina 3; antheris 3 mm. longis. Luzon, Benguet, ad flumen Bued (4282 Merrill) October 22, 1905, 1,000 m. s, m. Species peculiaris, ab omnibus hujus generis notis valde diversa spiculis mas- culis ad ternionem terminalem et duas quae spiculas foemineas superiores comi- tantur redactis, spiculae foemineae gluma I apice late biaurita. IMPERATA Cyr. Imperata exaltata Brongn. subsp. Merrillii Hack. subspee. nov. Differt a typo laminis innovationum angustis subconvolutis, panicula brevi densissima, racemis floriferis ex ipsa rhachi communi paniculae enascentibus. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), (4813 Merrill) November 12, 1905. Open places at about 2,200 m. =a 2 wk.” OO pw. tiie, a 265 Typical Imperata exaltata Brongn. (Cuming 1801, 2411) is a very. tall grass with broad, flat leaves, pyramidal, somewhat loose panicles, the flowering racemes being born on branchlets of the second or third degree; the primary branches are up to 10 or 12 em. long dividing into secondary branchlets and the secondary into tertiary which are the flowering racemes. The structure of the spikelets in both typical Imperata ewxaltata and the subsp. Merrillii is identical and the culms are hollow in both, but solid in all other species of the genus. The form here described is probably one developed in the high mountains. POLLINIA Trin. Pollinia nuda Trin. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. VI. 2 (1833) 307; Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 178; Rendle in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. 36 (1904) 356. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai (4727 Merrill) November 8, 1905; Mount Tonglon (4842 Merrill) November 12, 1905. Thickets and open places 2,000 to 2,200 m. Not previously reported from the Philippines. Japan to the Luchu Archipelago, China, northern India, and South Africa. Pollinia imberbis Nees, 8 Willdenowiana Hack. 1. c. 178, forma monostachya (Franch. et Sav.). Pollinia japonica var. monostachya Franch. et Sav. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai (4707 Merrill) November 8, 1905. In open thickets at about 2,100 m. The variety from Japan to southern China, northern India and Java, the form from Japan. ‘ Pollinia irritans Benth. Fl. Austr. 7 (1878) 525; Hack. 1. c. 155. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Ambuklao to Daklan (4388 Merrill) October 25, 1905. In open grass lands at about 1,000 m. Previously known only from Aus- tralia (Queensland). Pollinia argentea Trin. var. lagopus Hack. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1906) 79. This variety has been re-collected at the type locality, Mount Arayat (4222 Merrill) September, 1905, and also in Northern Luzon: Province of Benguet, Baguio, to Ambuklao (4365 Merrill) October 24, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4535 Merrill) November, 1905, ascending to 2,100 m. ROTTBOELLIA Linn. f. Rottboellia ophiuroides Benth. var. intermedia Hack. var. nov. Differt a typo gluma I supra medium tantum anguste alata, in typo a { inferiore latius alata, ala sursum dilatata. Vergit ad R. striatam Nees. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias (4667 Merrill) October 28, 1905; Baguio (6393 Elmer) May, 1904. Intermediate between R. ophiuroides and R. striata, but nearer the former. ; ARTHRAXON Beauv: Arthraxon microphyllus Hochst. in Flora 39 (1856) 188; Hack. 1. e. 351, var. genuinus Hack. 1. ec. 352. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio to Ambuklao (4363 Merrill) October, 1905; Suyoe to Pauai (4719 Merrill) November 7, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4485 Merrill) November 4, 1905. On dry and damp banks, 1,800 to 2,100 m. British India to Burma, Tonkin, Ceylon, and Abyssinia, Not pre- viously reported from the Philipppines and not known from Malaya. Arthraxon ciliaris Beauyv., subsp. Langsdorffii Hack. 1. c. 354. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4628 Merrill) November 5, 1905. In open wet lands at 1,600 m. Japan and China. 266 Arthraxon ciliaris Beauy., subsp. nudus Hack. |. c. 356. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kabayan (4427 Merrill) October 27, 1905. British India. Arthraxon ciliaris Beauv. subsp. Quartinianus Hack. |. ¢. 356. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River, Bugias and Pauai to Baguio (4272, 4677, 4704 Merrill) October, November, 1905. British India and tropical Africa. ISCHAEMUM Linn. Ischaemum arundinaceum IF. Muell. var. radicans Hack. var. nov. Differt a typo (australiensi) culmo in parte inferiore decumbente e nodis radicante graciliore, foliis, racemis, spiculis minoribus, rhacheos articulis breviter ciliatis, gluma I distinctius reticulato-nervosa. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio (4264 Merrill) October 22,1905. Abundant on banks and slopes in the pine region at about 1,500 m. The type of this species is a tall, erect grass’ 1 meter high, somewhat larger in all its parts than the variety here described, but the structure of the spikelets in both is essentially the same. In the type the nerves of glume I anastomose only in the upper part. Ischaemum Merrillii Hack. sp. nov. Perenne. Culmi erecti, graciles, circ. 4 dm. alti, teretiusculi, glaber- rimi, multinodes, nodis pluribus in culmi basi confertis additis 3 supe- rioribus plus minus remotis, summo supra medium culmi sito, simplices vel ramulo foliifero aucti. Vaginae superiores internodiis breviores, inferiores iis longiores, subcompressae, superiores subcarinatae, secus mar- ginem exteriorem et prope os pilis adspersae, ceteram glaberrimae. Ligula membranacea ovato-oblonga obtusa in vaginam decurrens, 2.5-4 mm. longa, nervosa, ciliis parcis longis pilisque dorsalibus vestita. Laminae lineari-lanceolatae basi subito in petiolum subdistinctum (in foliis in- ferioribus 1.5 cm., in superioribus 0.5 em. longum) angustatae, tenuissime acuminatae, 5-8 cm. (summa 1—2 cm.) longae, 6—8 mm. latae, patentes v. patentissimae, rigidulae, virides, utrinque (praesertim subtus) pilis ten- uibus basi tuberculatis parce conspersae, marginibus scabrae, tenuinerves. Racemi in apice culmi bini sibi appressi, alter sessilis alter pedunculo cire. 5 mm. longo fultus, cire. 5 em. longi, 4 mm. lati, densiflori ; rhacheos articuli spiculam dimidiam paullo superantes, crassi, trigoni, utroque mar- gine pilis brevibus (articulo 3-4-plo brevioribus) suberectis rigidulis albidis ciliati, margine interiore fere rectilinei. Spiculae sessiles obovato-oblongae, cum callo 1.5 mm. longo obtuso breviter parceque barbato 7 mm. longae, 2 mm. latae, livide violascentes. Gluma I obtuse bidentula, marginibus anguste inflexis, flexuris non alatis, chartacea, in 4 inferiore subcoriacea, praeter nervos flexurales 6-nervis, nervis fere ad apicem productis non anastomosantibus, dorso plano saltem superne scaberula; IL I*™ aequans, ovata, acute carinata, apice obtusiusculo latere compressa, subchartacea, . 5-nervis, superne scabra; III quam I paullo brevior, ovato-lanceolata acuta hyalina glabra 3-nervis; ejus palea lanceolata acuta, binervis; IV TII2™ aequans, elliptica, in 4 superiore bifida, glabra, e sinu emittens ee ee ee _— ae | ee he ee - ee a See CT 267 aristam perfectam cire. 12 mm. longam, cujus columna glaberrima quam subula 4 brevior est. Palea gluman aequans, ovato-lanceolata, acuta integra enervis. Spiculae pedicellatae pedicellis circ. 4 mm. longis arti- culis simillimis sed obtuse trigonis fultae, suboblique lanceolatae, circ. 6 mm. longae, violascentes; gluma I acuta integra marginibus anguste inflexa flexura interiore a basi ad apicem anguste alata, exteriore anguste marginata, 7-nervis, scaberula; II et III ut in spiculis sessilibus; IV, integra mutica acutiuscula, 3-nervis, flore inf. 3, superiore 2 . Luzon, Lepanto, monte Data (Balili). In locis apertis udis, 1,500 m. s. m. (4622 Merrill) November, 1905. Affinis J. arundinaceo F, Muell., quod differt ligula brevi glabra, laminis basi angustatis quidem sed non petiolatis, racemosum articulis longius ciliatis et impri- mis gluma I spiculae sessilis in 4 superiore utrinque distincte alata nervis 5 infra apicem evanidis superne reticulatim anastomosantibus percursa. ANDROPOGON Linn. Andropogon fastigiatus Sw.; Hack. |. ¢. 393. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Cervantes to Balili (4461 Merrill) November 3, 1906. Dry open grassy slopes at about 1,000 m. Not previously reported from the Philippines. Tropical America, Asia, and Africa. Andropogon fragilis R. Br. var. luzoniensis Hack. var. nov. Differt a typo gluma I in spicula 8 hirtula, pedicello spiculae tabescentis glabro. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Ambuklao to Daklan (4386 Merrill) October 25, 1905; District of Lepanto, Cervantes to Mancayan (4468 Merrill) November 3, 1905. The species is known only from Australia. Andropogon micranthus Kunth, var. spicigerus Hack. I. c. 489. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (4836 Merrill) November 12, 1905; Baguio (5918 Elmer) March, 1904. This variety has not previously been reported from the Philippines. Southern China to Australia and New Caledonia. Andropogon Baileyi F. Muell. in Victorian Naturalist 7 (1891) 16. Sorghum laxiflorum Bailey. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Ambuklao to Daklan (4399 Merrill) October 25, 1905. A very rare Australian species, the Luzon plant agreeing with the cotype of the species. Andropogon filipendulus Hochst. var. lachnatherus Hack. I. c. 635. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Ambuklao to Daklan (4398 Merrill) October 25, 1905. Queensland and New South Wales. Andropogon filipendulus Hochst. var. lachnatherus Hack., forma bispiculata Hack. : Racemo utroque spiculas % duas continente. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River (4298 Merrill) November 14, 1905, In true var. lanchnatherus the longer peduncled raceme has only one § spikelet. ; 268 Andropogon leptos Steud. Synopsis 1 (1855) 397; Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 537. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River (4322 Merrill) November 14, 1905. A very important find, this species having become almost obsolete, being known only from a single specimen, the collector being unknown, the place of collection being indicated only by the word “Andor,” which I have been unable to locate. I would have guessed it to be in EK. India, but Hooker does not enumerate the species in his Flora of British India. [‘‘Andor” is apparently not a Philippine locality.—K. D. M.] ARUNDINELLA Raddi. Arundinella agrostoides Trin. var. ciliata Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 71. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio (4328 Merrill) October, 1905. This variety was previously known from British India. ISACHNE R. Br. Isachne debilis Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36 (1904) 322. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kabayan (4431 Merrill) October 27, 1905; Min- danao, Mount Apo (355 De Vore & Hoover) May, 1903. Isachne debilis Rendle, var. incrassata Hack. var. nov. Differt a typo foliis lieneari-lanceolatis marginibus incrassatis. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (358 DeVore & Hoover) May, 1903. Isachne monticola Biise, forma. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai (4709 Merrill) November 8, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4626 Merrill) November 5, 1905. I am now of the opinion that these plants correspond better with the description of Jsachne monticola than those previously so determined.? PANICUM Linn. Panicum pedicellare (Trin.). Paspalum pedicellare Trin. ex Steud. Nomen. ed. If 2 (1841) 272; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897), 19. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (3164 Merrill) October, 1903; Prov- ince of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (4225 Merrill) September, 1905. Not previously reported from the Philippines. British India and Burma. Panicum Crus-galli Linn. var. muticum Doell. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River (4307 Merrill) November 14, 1905. Widely distributed in tropical and temperate regions. Panicum nodosum Kunth Enum. Pl. 1 (1833) 97. Panicum multinode Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 303, non Lam. 1797. Panicum ouonbiense Balansa in Morot, Journ. de Bot. 4 (1890) 141; Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143. Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Quiangan (127 Merrill) June, 1902; Cara- ballo Sur Mountains (255 Merrill) May, 1902; Province of Pampanga, Arayat (4228 Merrill) September, 1905; Province of Cavite, Maragondong (4182 Merrill) July, 1905; Province of Bataan, Lamao River (533 Whitford) July, 1904; Prov- ince of Tayabas, Atimonan (135 Gregory) August, 1904. Stpuyan (13 MeG@regor) July, 1904. CuLton (527 Merrill) December, 1902. . Balansa in distinguishing Panicum ouonbiense from P. nodosum Kunth (P. mul- tinode Presl, non Lam.) took for the type of Kunth’s species the East Indian * Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila (1906), No. 35, 79. 269 form (P. Arnottianum Nees) most common in European herbaria. Kunth’s Panicum nodosum was, however, based on Presl’s Panicum multinode, the type being from Luzon, and moreover both Presl’s and Kunth’s diagnoses apply to the Philippine material cited above. I am of the opinion that Haenke’s Luzon plant, the type of P. nodosum is identical with the material cited above and with Balansa’s Cochin China material, and that therefore to this form belongs the name Panicum nodosum typicum, and to the Indian plant the name P. Arnot- tianum as a species or variety. Panicum villosum Lam. Illustr. 1 (1791) 173; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 34. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio to Ambuklao (4360 Merrill) October 24, 1905. Not previously reported from the Philippines. British India to Ceylon and China. A low form, the culm not naked below the panicle as in the typical form. MICROLAENA R. Br. Microlaena stipoides R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 210; Benth. Fl. Austr. 7 (1878) 552. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (4831 Merrill) November 12, 1905; Pauai to Baguio (4696 Merrill) November 9, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4543 Merrill) November, 1905. The first two numbers cited were found on dry, open, grassy slopes and ridges at about 1,700 m., the last in wet, grassy and sphagnum borders of a small lake at 2,200 m. Australia and New Zealand. The five known species of this genus have previously been known only from Australia and New Zealand, the present species being the first one to be found north of Australia. SPOROBOLUS R. Br. Sporobolus ciliatus Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 242. Sporobolus piliferus Kunth, Enum. 1 (1833) 211, var. a (excl. var. 8); Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 2651. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio to Ambuklao (4362 Merrill) October 24, 1905; Suyoe to Pauai (4718 Merrill) November 7, 1905. On dry banks and in open grass lands, 1,500 to 2,100 m. Not previously reported from the Philippines. Tropical Asia and America. CALAMAGROSTIS Roth. Calamagrostis arundinacea Roth., var. nipponica Hack. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7 (1899) 652. Calamagrostis nipponica Fr. & Say. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai to Baguio (4679, 4701 Merrill) November 9, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4564 Merrill) November 4, 1905. Not quite identical with the var. nipponica from Japan, but the differences are very slight. The species widely distributed in Japan and Asia, the variety in Japan. BRACHYPODIUM Beauv. Brachypodium silvaticum Beauv., subsp. luzoniense, subsp. nov. (vel. spec. propr.?) Differt a typo omnibus partibus glaberrimum. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai (4710 Merrill) November 8, 1905; Mount Tonglon (4830 Merrill) November 12, 1905; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4536 Merrill) November, 1905. Brachypodium silvaticum Beauv., var. asperum var. nov. Differt a typo culmo aspero. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai to Baguio (4698 Merrill) November 9, 1905. Brachypodium silvaticum Beauv., is a highly variable species widely distributed in Japan, North Asia, the mountains of India, and Europe. No representative of the genus having previously been discovered in the Philippines. MYRSINACEAZ NOVZ. PHILIPPINENSES. By C. MEz. (University of Halle, Halle, Germany.) MAESA Forsk. Maesa Elmeri Mez sp. nov. Foliis glaberrimis, ovato-ellipticis vel ellipticis, basi brevissime acutis vel subrotundatis, apice breviter lateque acutiusculis, margine dense subgrosseque crenatis, haud reticulatis vero dorso lineis oo brevibus nervelliformi-anastomosantibus glandulosis praeditis, punctis prominen- tibus destitutis ; inflorescentiis plane axillaribus nec e ramulis abbreviatis prodeuntibus, bene compositis, per anthesin quam petioli brevioribus ; - prophyllis parvis; sepalis rotundatis, lineatis, margine integerrimis nudis- que, dorso haud lepidotis; petalis ad $ longit. connatis, lobis rotundatis, lineatis; staminibus petalis alte insertis, filamentis quam antherae brev- ioribus ; stylo laevi; placenta multiovulata. Erecta vel subscandens (ex cl. Himer!) ; ramulis validis, novellis minu- tissime perobscureque pilosis, adultis castaneis denseque lenticellis pallidis verruculosis obtectis. Folia petiolis gracillimis usque ad 40 mm. longis mihi visis stipitata, + 0.1 m. longa et 55 mm. lata, chartacea, fere opaca. Inflorescentiae submultiflorae, dense 2-pinnatim panniculatae, primum valde abbreviatae vix ultra 20 mm. longae demum fructiferae auctae usque ad 80 mm. metientes petiolosque tune satis superantes, glaberrimae, e spicis densis, per anthesin vix ultra 10 mm. longis compositae ; bracteis minutis, lanceolato-triangularibus, pedicellos vix 0.5 mm. longos sub- aequantibus. Flores albidae (ex cl. collectore!) 2 mm. longi. Baccae depresse vel perfecte globosae, leaves, haud maculatae, usque ad 3.5 mm. diam. metientes. Luzon, prov. Benguet prope Baguio, Martio florifera fructiferaque (5925 Elmer). Obs. Maesae Hernscheimianae Warb., satis accedit, sed foliorum forma lineisque nee non inflorentiis haud e ramulis abbreviatis prodeuntibus differt. ARDISIA Swartz. Ardisia Whitfordii Mez sp. nov. Frutex foliis late lanceolatis, apice optime acutissimeque acuminatis, integerrimis, glandulis marginalibus magnis albuminiferis destitutis ; inflorescentiis in ramulorum specialium apice foliis comatim pseudover- 271 Salah eel ie ed ated pe Pamala 5 tadal ~~. “al i ee _— 272 ticillatis suffultis, multifloris; pedicellis (fructiferis) usque ad 17 mm. longis; sepalis liberis, margine dense papilloso-fimbriatis, multipunctatis. Frutex usque ad 5-metralis (ex cl. Whitford!) ramulis gracilibus. brunneis, glabris. Folia (non nisi comae infra inflorescentiam cognita) petiolis + 12 mm. longis, basi bene pulvinatis stipitata, ++ 0.2 m. longa et 43 mm. lata, chartacea, glaberrima, sicca glauco-viridia subtus palli- . diora, basi sensim acutissima, utrinque dense prominulo-reticulata, punctis prominentibus viridibus dissitis aucta. Inflorescentia fructifera tantum cognita absque dubio multiflora, pyramidata, folia superans, 2- pinnatim panniculata; ramulis patentibus, ad apicem flores multos dense racemosos gerentibus. Sepala acuta. Fructus (num siccus?) paullo depresse globosus, alutaceus, glaber laevisque, -- 10 mm. diam. metiens. ae. eee : v Luzon, prov. Tayabas, Septembri fructifera (772 Whitford). Obs. Omnibus notis Ardisiae Perrottetianae A. DC., maxime affinis videtur, foliorum forma tamen abunde distineta. Ardisia Copelandii Mez sp. nov. Arbor ramulis novellis glaberrimis; foliis glabris, integerrimis, glan- dulis marginalibus destitutis; inflorescentiis e foliorum normalium axillis provenientibus, 2-pinnatim panniculatis, ramulis flores subumbellatos gerentibus; pedicellis longissimis; sepalis per anthesin apertis, glabris, subtriangularibus, punctatis; petalis valde tegentibus, punctatis, acumi- natis; filamentis subnullis; antheris maximis, triangularibus, sensim acutis, dorso in parte superiore punctatis. Arbor 10-metralis (ex cl. Copeland!) ramulis crassis. Folia petiolis 13 mm. longis, latissimis et a lamina parum distinctis, haud canaliculatis stipitata, anguste elliptica, basi brevius apice longius acuminata, + 0.2 m. longa et 50 mm. lata, coriacea, praeter costas utrinque minute lineatimque prominulas laevia, punctulis prominulis crebris aequaliter consita. In- florescentiae suberecto-erectae, submultiflorae, laxiusculae, rotundatae, glaberrimae; axibus subangulatis; bracteis deciduis; ramulis suberectis flores inferiores racemosos superiores plurimos bene umbellatos gerentibus. Flores pedicellis longissimis (usque ad 40 mm.) magnitudineque (ante anthesin 9 mm.) quam maxime insignes, glaberrimi; sepalis fere ad 4 connatis, lobis e late triangulari apice rotundatis; petalis crassis cereis, basi brevissime connatis, apice longe obliqueque acuminatis, punctis multis ad lineam mediam paullo elongatis, crassis pictis; antheris quam petala paullo brevioribus, percrassis, apice fere caudatim acutissimis ; ovario glaberrimo, ovoideo, sensim in stylum apicem usque attenuatun, ut videtur constantur quam petala paullo breviorem transeunte ; placenta multiovulata. wer. ys Saree” TT ee a wt ee. SS Ge ey Ve) ee ee ees : F 5 3 E i 3 ’ MINDANAO, in districtu Davao prope Todaya, alt. 1,200 m., mense Aprili florens (1242 Copeland). Obs. Reliquis Ardisiis philippinensibus ex Akosmos subgenere sat dissimilis, A. tenerae Mez e China meridionale proxima. ‘as . = © i 25: on 1 i ee 273 Ardisia racemoso-panniculata Mez sp. nov. Frutex ramulis novellis minute lepidotulis; foliis glabris, integerrimis, glandulis marginalibus destitutis, apice eleganter angusteque acuminatis ; inflorescentiis e foliorum normalium axillis provenientibus, 2-pinnatim ample panniculatis e ramulis insigniter racemose florigeris compositis, quam folia haud multo brevioribus; pedicellis + 5 mm. longis; sepalis per anthesin infima basi tantum minuteque tegentibus fere apertis, sub- triangularibus, margine glanduloso-ciliatis, perpauce punctatis; petalis valde tegentibus, vix punctatis, apice valde asymmetrice anguste rotun- datis ; filamentis brevissimis; antheris triangularibus, dorso obscure punc- tatis ; placenta multiovulata. : Frutex squarrosus, 4-metralis (ex cl. Copeland!) ramulis gracilibus, teretibus, alutaceis. Folia petiolis gracilibus + 15 mm. longis, apice in laminas persensim transeuntibus, supra fere planis stipitata, anguste elliptica, utrinque subaequaliter acuminata, + 0.15 m. longa et 45 mm. lata, chartacea, utrinque laxe prominulo-reticulata et nervis utrinque binis marginalibus e basi ascendentibus maxime insignia, punctis maculisve manifestioribus destituta. Inflorescentiae submultiflorae, suberectae, + 0.1 m. longae, glabrae; ramulis patentibus vel refractis usque ad 40 mm. longis mihi visis, flores densiuscule sed optime racemosos gerentibus ; axibus subangulatis; bracteis deciduis. Flores fragrantes (ex cl. col- lectore!) ad 7 mm. diam. metientes ; sepalis ad + connatis ex ovato acutis; petalis basi breviter coalitis, lobis ovato-ellipticis; antheris quam petala bene brevioribus magnis crassisque; filamentis 5-plo brevioribus sed manifestis, glaberrimis stipitatis; ovario glaberrimo, subgloboso stylo sensim apicem usque attenuato, quam petala constanter breviore ; stigmate punctiformi. MINDANAO, in districtu Davao ad montem Apo, alt. 1,700 m., mense Aprili florifera (1187 Copeland). Obs. Species singularis, vix non Ardisiae laevigatae Bl. accedit. Ardisia Elmeri Mez sp. nov. Frutex ramulis glaberrimis; foliis glabris, integerrimis, glandulis mar- ginalibus majoribus destitutis, apice brevissime lateque acuminatis vel rotundatis; inflorescentiis e foliorum reductorum deciduorumque axillis provenientibus, ample 2-pinnatim panniculatis, e ramulis insigniter racemose florigeris compositis, folia normalia subaequantibus ; pedicellis usque ad 3 mm. longis; sepalis fere liberis, per anthesin subapertis, sub- triangularibus, margine glanduloso-ciliatis, perpauce punctulatis; petalis valde tegentibus, vix punctatis, apice asymmetrice latiuscule rotundatis; filamentis brevibus; antheris ovato-triangularibus, dorso obscure punc- tatis; placenta multiovulata. Frutex fere 3-metralis (ex cl. H/mer!) ramulis validiusculis, teretibus, alutaceis. Folia petiolis usque ad 10 mm. longis mihi visis, crassiusculis, supra manifeste caniculatis stipitata, oblonga, basin versus sensim sub- 274 cuneatimque angustata, + 0.15 m. longa et 45 mm. lata, subcoriacea, utrinque laxe prominulo-reticulata, secus marginem punctis prominulis nonnullis parvis aucta. Inflorescentiae submultiflorae, suberectae, usque ad 0.14 m. longae mihi visae, glabrae ; ramulis suberecto-patentibus, usque ad 50 mm. longis, flores multos densiuscule optimeque racemosos, nu- tantes gerentibus; axibus compressiusculis; bracteis deciduis. Flores decidui, albique (ex cl. collectore!) ante anthesin 3.5 mm. longi; petalis basi breviter coalitis, lobis ellipticis; filamentis quam antherae sub 4-plo brevioribus, glabris; antheris apice breviter acutis; ovario glabro, sub- globoso, stylo crassiusculo apicem versus sensim attenuato, stigmate obtuso. Luzon, prov. Benguet ad rivulos pinetorum, Junio florifera (6493 Hlmer). Obs. Et praecedenti satis affinis et nonnullis momentis Ardisiam sumatranam Miq. animo revocat. AMBLYANTHOPSIS Mez. Amblyanthopsis philippinensis Mez sp. nov. Foliis toto margine crenatis, late ellipticis; inflorescentiis tenerrimis, fragillimisque, panniculatis; sepalis hyalinis, ad 4 connatis, lobis ex ovato acutis, glabris, petalis fere medium usque coalitis; filamentis anthe- rarum longitudine. Frutex 2-metralis (ex cl. Merril!) ramulis percrassis squarrosisque, glaberrimis. Folia (forma illa Ardisiae serratae Pers. animo revocantia) petiolis usque ad 35 mm. longis, basin versus subclavatim incrassatis, supra inciso-canaliculatis stipitata, utrinque acuminata, usque ad 0.22 m. longa et 85 mm. lata mihi visa, subcoriacea, glaberrima, utrinque dense pro-. minenti-reticulata, punctis magnis multisque atris insignia. Inflorescen- tiae confractae tantum valdeque mancae mihi ante oculos albae, 0.1—-0.15 m. longae (ex cl. Merrill!) glaberrimae; pedicellis + 5 mm. longis. Flores rubri (ex cl. collectore!) minuti vix ultra 3.5 mm. diam. metientes ; sepalis teneris, glaberrimis, punctis multis magnisque pallidis, prominen- tibus conspersis; petalorum lobis per anthesin optime patentibus, ex elliptico apice paullo asymmetrice rotundatis, aeque ad sepala dense punctatis, tenerrimis ; filamentis crassis, stipitiformibus ; antheris pallidis, capituliformibus, apice rotundatis, dorso bene punctatis; ovario in stirpe nostra stipitiformi (an sterili?) glabro; stigmate discoideo. Luzon, prov. Bataan ad monte Mariveles, mense Augusto florifera (3881 Merrill). Obs. Species quam maxime notabilis, generis adhue ex India, Malaya tantum cogniti unica philippinensis, habitu valde peculiari. DISCOCALYX Mez. Discocalyx Merrillii Mez sp. nov. Foliis anguste obovatis, integerrimis; inflorescentiis e ramulis special- ibus, basi longe sterilibus apice fertilibus et hic inflorescentias paucifloras simplices racemosas vel pauperrime 2-pinnatim compositas proferentibus 275 nec non inflorescentiarum decisarum cicatricibus tessellatis prodeuntibus ; floribus dioicis, regula 5-meris; sepalis alte connatis, margine nudis. Frutex (ex cll. Barnes! et Whitford!) ramulis crassis, apicem usque glaberrimis, alutaceis. Folia petiolis brevibus crassisque vix ultra 10 mm. longis, supra canaliculatis, mox corticoso-rugosis stipitata, + 0.18 m. longa et 53. mm. lata, basi persensim cuneatimque acuta, apice breviter lateque acuminata vel rarius late acuta, coriacea, glaberrima, utrinque costulata et laxe saepiusque obscure prominulo-reticulata, sicca glauco- viridia, opaca. Inflorescentiae pedunculis specialibus compressis, usque ad 80 mm. longis mihi visis sepius brevioribus, apice gemmis terminatis stipitatae ipsae vix ultra 35 mm. longae, glaberrimae; bracteis deciduis minutis; pedicellis gracilibus, usque ad 4 mm. longis. Flores rubri (ex cl. Merrill!) 3 mm. diam. metientes, ¢ tantum mihi cogniti; sepalis medium usque vel paullo ultra connatis, pallido-punctatis, lobis triangu- laribus, integerrimis vel paucicrenatis; petalis ad 4 longit. connatis, lobis patentibus, ellipticis, rotundatis, pauce pallido-punctatis, haud papillosis ; antheris dorso dense magnipunctatis, apice rotundatis emarginellisque ; ovario glaberrimo, in floribus ¢ stipitiformi; stigmate discoideo. Luzon, monte Mariveles ad flumen Lamao, Januario-Martio florifera (139 Barnes) ; (213 Whitford) ; (1348 Borden) ; (3745 Merrill). Obs. Discocalyci cybianthoidi Mez affinis species. RAPANEA Aubl. Rapanea avenis (Bl.) Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 357. Luzon, prov. Benguet ad monte Santo Tomas (5811, 6539 Elmer). Java, Celebes. A LIST OF KNOWN PHILIPPINE FUNGI. By P. L. RIcKEr. (U. 8S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. O., U. 8. A.) In 1904 the author commenced the study of a small collection of Philippine fungi made by Elmer D. Merrill, mostly during the preceding year, consisting of about 60 numbers, of which nearly two-thirds belonged to the Polyporales. As a preliminary to the identification of anything more than the best known species, a card catalogue of the species already described from or credited to the Philippines, and a bibliography of the mycological literature of the Islands was made. Thus far fourteen articles have been found dealing wholly or in part with Philippine fungi, and from these articles there has been compiled a list of about 150 species described or reported from the Philippines. The citations for the orig- inal publications of all binomials have been carefully verified and corrected, as many of the references in Saccardo’s Sylloge, Strenz’ Nomenclator, and in most of the papers included in the appended bibli- ography can not be depended upon and they are especially unreliable in the citations for combinations. This list should not be regarded as a critical revision of the species already known from the Philippines, but only as an attempt to bring together all references to species credited to the Archipelago by various authors, as a basis for further critical studies.1 I am indebted to Dr. W. A. Murrill, of the New York Botanical Garden, for assistance in the identification of some of the more difficult species of the Polyporales. *One paper on Philippine fungi, overlooked by Mr. Ricker, was discovered just. ‘ as the present article was going to press: Berkeley, Contributions to the Botany of H. M. S. Challenger, XXXVIII, Enumeration of the Fungi collected during the Expedition of H. M. 8. Challenger, 1874-75, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 16 (1878), 38-54. On pages 45 to 48 thirty-five species and varieties of fungi are enumerated under the heading “Camiguin, Malanipa, and Malamon (Philippines) .” Two of these, Lenzites applanata Fr., and Hirncola rufa Berk., are from Little Ké Island according to the list, and should have been enumerated on page 45 under Little Ké, this island not being one of the Philippine group. A list of the Philippine species enumerated by Berkeley is appended to the present paper and the title has been inserted in the bibliography.—E. D. M. 277 ee re ee <)> 278 Many of the species originally described from the Philippines by Berkeley and Montagne are at present imperfectly known, and an exam- ination of the material in several European herbaria will be necessary before all the specimens still on hand can be satisfactorily identified. It is also probable that some of the species previously reported from the Philippines and enumerated here as reported will be found to have been erroneously identified. The types of all the species here described have been deposited in the United States National Herbarium. Duplicates are in the herbarium of the author and in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science. ASCOMYCETZ. PEZIZALES. PEZIZA Dill. Peziza sp. P. Henn. Hedw. 32 (1893) 226, with description. MINDANAO, near Davao (Warburg) fide Henn. 1. c. PILOCRATERA P. Henn, Pilocratera hindsii (Berk.) P. Henn. Hedw. 32 (1893) 225. Peziza hindsii Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 456. pl. 15. MINDANAO, near Davao (Warburg) fide Henn. 1. ¢. Pilocratera tricholoma (Mont.) P. Henn. Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 17 (1893) 9. Peziza tricholoma Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 2 (1834) 77. pl. 4. fig. 2. MINDANAO, near Davao (Warburg) fide P. Henn. Hedw. 32: 226. ASPERGILLALES. ASPERGILLUS Micheli. Aspergillus delacroixii Sacc. & Syd. Syll. Fung. 14 (1899) 1044, A. olivaceus Delacr. Bull. Soc. Mye. Fr. 13 (1897) 118, non Preuss. 1852. Luzon, Province of Batangas, Lipa (3616 Merrill) August, 1902. On fruit of Theobroma cacao L. PERISPORIALES. PARODIELLA Speg. Parodiella perisporioides (B. & C.) Speg. Anal. Soc. Cient. Arg. 9 (1880) 178. Dothidea perisporioides B. & C. Grevillea 4 (1876) 103. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3553 Merrill) October, 1903. On leaves of Desmodium triflorum. HYPOCREALES. EPICHLOE Fries. Epichloé warburgiana Magn. Atti Congr. Bot. Internat. 1892 (1893) 157. pl. 8. Luzon, near Cabongenam (Warburg) fide Henn, Hedw. 32: 223, oO a a ee ™ =~ © 1 Ne Oe oe hye ee 2 ea e [Pee a Dil Ds oo ll aca af BS aie. Yl OPP RR a ne ees ) oe 279 HYPOCREA Fries. Hypocrea peltata (Jungh.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 2 (1883) 536. Sphaeria peltata Jungh. Ann. Sci. Nat. IT. 16 (1841) 310. PHILIPPINES (2028 Cuming) 1836-40, fide Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) Leah: f. 7. NECTRIA Fries. Nectria manilensis P. Henn. in Warb. Mons. 1 (1900) 25. pl. 1. f. 14. Luzon, Manila (Wichara) May 20, 1861, fide Henn. ]. e. On dead bark. USTILAGINOIDEA Bret. Ustilaginoidea (?) ochracea IP. Henn. in Warb. Mons. 1 (1900) 26. pl. 1. fig. 16. MinvANnaAo (Warburg) fide Henn. |. ec. On Hriochloa. Ustilaginoidea virens (Cke.) Tak. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 10 (1896) 19. pl. 2. f. 1-8. Ustilago virens Cke. Grey. 7 (1878) 15. Tilletia oryzae Pat. Bull. Soc. Mye. Fr. 13 (1897) 124. pl. 10. f. 2. Ustilaginoidea oryzae Bref. Untersuch, 12 (1895) 194. pl. 11. f. 22-29. Luzon, Manila (Loher). In ovaries of Oryza sativa, fide Mass. Kew Bull. (1899) 176. DITHIDEALES. AUERSWALDIA Sace. Auerswaldia examinans (Berk.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 2 (1883) 626., Sphaeria examinans Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 156. PHILIPPINES (2163 Cuming) fide Berk. 1. ¢. EUTYPA Tul. Eutypa bambusina Penz. & Sace. Malpighia 11 (1897) 501; Ic. Fung. Jay. pl. 23. f. 1. BH. barbosae vy. Hobnel in Rehm. Ascom. No. 1376. CuLtion (3606 Merrill) December, 1902. On dead bamboo. HYPOPTERIS Berk. Hypopteris apiospora (Dur. & Mont.) Berk. in Hook. Journ. Bot. & Kew Miscel. 6 (1854) 227. NSphaeria apiospora Dur. & Mont. Fl. Alg. 1 (1849) 482. pl. 25. f. 1. Apiospora montagnei Sace. Atti Soc. Venet.-Trent. Padova, 4 (1875) 9. Detonina apiospora Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 851. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3533 Merrill) October, 1903. On dead bamboo. “ The sporidia in Merrill’s specimen measure 8.5-12 by 22-26 mw and the asci 19-23 by 98-123 yw, differing but slightly from the measurements given in Sace., Syll., and approaching the specimens mentioned in Ellis, N. A. Pyr. 311, from Louisiana. The generic name used by most authors for this and related species is Apiospora Sace. Soe. Veneto-Trent. Padova. 4 (1875) 9, which is untenable on account of Apiosporium Kunze, 1817. Saccardo uses the name Apiospora montagnei, and the original publication would indicate that it is a nom. nov. for Sphaeria apiospora D. & M. There is a Sphaeria montagnei Fr. Ann. Sci. Nat. 1 (1834) 337. pl. 11. f. 8, and I have a suspicion that the names have been confused. Judging from the descriptions and plates accompanying both original descrip- tions, and in Dur. & Mont. Fl. Alg., the two species are not congeneric. 46214——3 ; ‘ . a j ‘ & Ps a A p ae ee, li ee eee se A ee —s - eee a eee eee A Te ees ee eee ee ee ee ee 280 PHYLLACHORA Nitschke. Phyllachora merrilli Ricker sp. nov. Stromata gregarious, confluent, epiphyllous, convex, black and shining, up to 6 mm. in diameter, seated on yellowish spots; asci cylindrical- _ clavate, 14-20 by 56-65 yp, short stipitate, 8-spored; sporidia obliquely uniseriate, or usually partially biseriate or overlapping, elliptical, unisep- tate, at first hyaline, becoming brownish, 4—6 by 8-12 »; paraphyses few, filiform. MInporO, Bulalacao (3579 Merrill) April, 1908. (Type.) On leaves of Ficus sp. Although there are a large number of Phyllachoras described on Ficus, this species seems to differ from all of them. In asci and spore measurements it approaches closely P. infectoria Cke., and P. karnbachii P. Henn. The latter species has asci 10-15 by 50 by 62 w and sporidia 7-8 by 9-12 w, which are lighter colored when mature, and although seemingly different from the former the description is too incomplete to say positively whether they are the same or not, but it is improbable. SPHAERIALES. DALDINIA de Not. Daldinia concentrica (Bolt.) Ces. & de Not. Comm. Critt. Ital. 1 (1863) 198. Sphaeria concentrica Bolt. Hist. Fung. Halifax 3 (1791) 180. pl. 180. Luzon, Province of Tarlac (3595 Merrill) November, 1903. On charcoal of recent fire. : : Daldinia vernicosa (Schw.) Ces. & de Not. l. c. 198. Sphaeria vernicosa Schw. Journ. Acad. Sei. Philadel. 5 (1825) 341. Luzon, Manila fide Klotz. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 241. Hemisphaeria concentrica obovata substipitata Nees. HYPOXYLON Bulliard. Hypoxylon annulatum depressum Welw. & Cur. Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1868) 283. Cution (3604 Merrill) December, 1902. On dead branches. Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. Summ. Veg. Scand. (1846) 384. Sphaeria rubiginosa Pers. Syn. (1801). 11. Luzon, Province of Tarlac (3596 Merrill) November, 1903. KRETSCHMERIA Fries. Kretschmeria coenopus (Ir.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 2 (1883) XXIX. Sphacria coenopus Fr. Linnaea 5 (1830) 542. Hypowylon coenopus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. 13 (1840) 356. PHILIPPINES (2163 Cuming) fide Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3: 194. NUMMULARIA Tul. Nummularia philippinensis Ricker sp. nov. ‘ Stroma at first covered by the epidermis, but soon erumpent and free, convex, oblong-ovate, black, 1.5-2.5 by 4-6 cm.; perithecia cylindrical, _ black, closely packed, about 1.5 mm. high; asci cylindrical, 12-15 by 170-185 p; sporidia uniseriate, elliptical-oblong, nearly hyaline at first, soon opaque, 11-14 by 25-28 yp. a « 281 Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3537 Merrill) October, 1903 (Type). On prostrate log. This species externally resembles Nummularia bulliardi Tul., which however has asci 10 by 100-120 w and sporidia 9-10 by 11-14 uw. PORONIA Willd. Poronia pileiformis (Berk.) Fr. Nov. Act. Reg. Soe. Sci. Ups. 1 (1855) 129. Sphaeria pileiformis Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 155. pl. 7. f. 6. PHILIPPINES (1980 Cuming) fide Berk. 1. e. SPHAERIA Auct. Sphaeria micraspis Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 156. pl. 7. f. 9. PHILIPPINES (2164 Cuming) fide Berk. 1. e¢. This is probably nqt a fungus but a lichen. Berkeley opp. cit. 457 refers it to Verrucaria nitens Fée. : TREMATOSPHAERIA Fuck. Trematosphaeria palaquii Ricker sp. nov. ; Perithecia gregarious or scattered, slightly immersed, subcarbonaceous, black, ovate-globose, 1-2 mm. diam.; ostiolum usually obtusely conical, soon deciduous, paraphyses filiform, numerous, larger than the asci; asci clavate or cylindrical, 14-15 by 132-141 p; sporidia uniseriate, ovate- oblong, 5-spored, at first hyaline then becoming brown, 3-septate, not constricted at septum, 8-12 by 17-20 p. Luzon, Province of Tarlae (3597 Merrill) November, 1903. (Type.) On bark of Palaquium latifolium. XYLARIA Hill. Xylara fulvo-lanata (Berk.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 1 (1882) 346. Sphaeria fulvo- lanata Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 154. PHILIPPINES (2218 Cuming) fide Berk. 1. ec. Xylaria hypoxylon (Linn.) Grev. Fl. Edin. (1824) 355. Clavaria hypoxylon Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 2 (1753) 1182. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3530 Merrill) October, 1903. On prostrate logs. Xylaria luzonensis P. Henn. Hedw. 32 (1893) 225. pl. 8. f. 3. Luzon (Warburg). On Afzelia bijuga A. Gray, fide Henn. 1. ec. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grey. Fl. Edin. (1824) 355. Sphaeria polymorpha Pers. Comm. Fung. Clav. (1787) 17. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3534 Merrill) October, 1903. On dead trees. MINDANAO, near Davao (Warburg) fide Henn. Hedw. 32: 224. _ BASIDIOMYCETA. : USTALIGINALES. CINTRACTIA Cornu. Cintractia axicola (Berk.) Cornu. Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15 (1883) 279. Ustilago axicola Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. IT. 9 (1852) 200. ; MINDANAO, Davao (Warburg) fide Henn. in Warburg, Mons. 1: 2. Luzon, Manila (Warburg) Henn. 1. e. , 282 UREDINALES. AECIDIUM Pers. Aecidium luzoniense P. Henn. in Warb. Mons. 1 (1900) 2. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Montalban (Warburg). On Phyllanthus. HEMILEIA Berk. & Broome. Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Broome Gard. Chron. (1869) 1157; De Bérard Rapport sur un maladie des Caféiers aux files Philippines, Bull. Minist. Agr. (Paris) 8 (1893) 1008-1024; Delacroix Les maladies et les ennemis des Caféiers (1900) 42; Massee, Kew. Bull. (1906) 38. Puitiepines, fide De Bérard, Delacroix and Massee ll. ec. On Coffea arabica and (. liberica. For bibliography see Delacroix |. ¢. 14. PUCCINIA Pers. : Puccinia thwaitesii Berk. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 14 (1873) 19. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3552 Merrill) October, 1903, On Justicia gendarussa. UREDO Pers. Uredo davaoensis Syd. Ann. Mye. 4 (1906) 30. MINDANAO, Davao, (600 Copeland) March 21, 1904. On leaves of Cyanotis. Uredo hygrophilae Syd. I. c. 31. MINDANAO, Davao (357 Copeland). Mareh 7, 1904. On leaves of Hygrophila salicifolia, Uredo philippinensis Syd. 1. ¢. 32. MINDANAO, Davao (570 Copeland) March 19, 1904. On Cyperus polystachyus. Uredo wedeliae-biflorae Syd. |. c. 32. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, San Ramon (759 Copeland) May 17, 1904. On Wedelia biflora, UROMYCES Link. Uromyces hewittiae Syd. Ann. Mye. 4 (1906) 30. : MINDANAO, District of Cotabato (1343, 1344 Copeland) May 8, 1904. On leaves of Hewittia bicolor. Uromyces deeringiae Syd. Ann, Myce. 1 (1903) 324, Luzon, fide Sydow, I. ¢., on Deeringia. AURICULARIALES. AURICULA. Auricula auricula (Linn.) Underw. Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. 12 (1902) 15. Tremella auricula Linn. Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 1157. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (3509 Merrill) October, 1903. THELEPHORALES. CLADODERRIS Pers. , Cladoderris blumei Lev. Ann. Sci. Nat. LIT. 2 (1844) 213. PHILIPPINES, on trunks (Herb. Delessert) fide Lev. 1. ¢. Cladoderris crassa (Klotz.) Fr. Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stock. 18481 (1849) 142. Actinostroma crassum Klotz. Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur, 19 (1843) Suppl. 237. ’ Luzon, Manila, on old trunks, fide Klotz. 1. e. ce’ g beth aati ca v = ad », ~__s = Nhe | Duet >’ try ke, eo heh Mee Boe Re ee rae ee Se PN Ae ee ee ee 283 Cladoderris dendritica (Pers.) Berk. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 152. T hele- phora dendritica Pers. Freye. Voy. (1827) 176. pl. 1. f. 4. Puiniprines, fide Berk. 1. ce. Three forms are recognized; f. junior (1988 Cuming) ; f. adulta (1990 Cuming) ; f. hymenio scabro (2036 Cuming). Cladoderris infundibuliformis (Klotz.) Fr. Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stock. 18481 (1849) 141. WAS? a all an ee . ” 309 or in different genera. Assuming that in most cases F.-Villar’s identifi- cations were correct, I have reduced many of his species in accordance with standard works, excluding those which he credited to the Philippines and which have never been collected in the Archipelago, and which are not to be expected in these Islands. His list was compiled from such works as Kunth’s “Enumeratio Plantarum,” Steudel’s “Synopsis,” and Miquel’s “Florae Indiae Batavae,” including such plants as were credited to the Philippines in those works and such others as F.-Villar thought should grow in the Philippines. Many of the admitted species are followed by the letters ‘“‘y. vy. sp.,” meaning that he had seen living specimens. It is doubtful if F.-Villar’s herbarium contained more than a very small percentage of the species enumerated in, the “Novissima Appendix,” but as his herbarium, complete or incomplete, has been. destroyed,? we can not be certain as to just what plants F.-Villar had in mind, and in may cases can only surmise what they might have been. F.-Villar also perpetuated the errors of Cavanilles, Lagasca, and Presl in crediting to the Philippines a number of American species erroneously described by those authors as Philippine, the mistake persisting in the works of Kunth, Steudel, and Miquel, cited above. In 1885, Vidal enumerated 71 species of Philippine Graminee in his “Phanerogamae Cumingianae Philippinarum,” and in 1886, 72 in his “Revision de Plan- tas Vasculares Filipinas,’ while about the same number is included by Ceron in his “Catalogo de las plantas del Herbario” (Manila, 1892). In 1904 Mez and Pilger mentioned 107 species and varieties in Perkins’s “Fragmenta Florae Philippinae,’ based for most part on my earlier collections. In 1905 Usteri enumerated 71 species of Philippine grasses in his “Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Philippinen und ihrer Vegetation,” based on material collected by himself for the greater part in the Island of Negros. Two papers entitled “Notes on Philippine Graminex” have been published by Hackel.* So far as genera are concerned I have followed Hackel * in arrange- ment and nomenclature rather closely, but have retained as genera some groups treated by him as subgenera. In accordance with the action of the Vienna Botanical Congress, I have used Rottbeellia 1. f., in place of Manisuris Sw.; Zoisia Willd., for Osterdammia Neck.; Leersia Sw., for Homalocenchrus Mieg., and Cynodon Pers., in place of Capriola Adans. Following the spirit of this same Congress, I have retained Setaria Beauy., for Chaetochloa Scribn., and in retaining Digitaria as a genus, I have accepted that name in place of Syntherisma Walt. I have followed Hackel’s monograph closely as to generic limits in 2Merrill: Bull. Bureau Agr., Manila (1903), 3, 34. ® Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila (1905), No. “oe 35, 79-82. Phil. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl., 263-269. eal iokis,. ‘Engl. und Prantl: Nat, Pflanzenfam. II, 2, 1-79. ais ae ee eee aa ok es, ee | | | ee ee ee Tee etree 310 my treatment of the Andropogonee, but it might well be argued that if Digitaria Scop., of the Panicee is worthy of generic rank, then, surely, other subgenera of Panicum such as Hehinochloa, Ptycophyllum, and Hymenachne, and the more characteristic subgenera of Andropogon are also worthy of it. In this connection it is sufficient to state that if, at the present time, there existed a monograph of the Panicee or of any other tribe of Gramineae, treating such tribe or tribes as Hackel does the Andropogo- new, | should doubtless have followed such work or works in the sequence of genera and species. However, in the matter of a local flora, it is sometimes a decided convenience to consider some sections of large genera as distinct and of generic rank, whereas, because of intermediate forms it might prove impracticable, in a monograph covering the entire world, to regard such groups as distinct. It has been found impossible, because of insufficient material, to treat the Bambusee at this time with any degree of completeness or satisfac- tion. In this tribe most of the species flower but rarely and at very long intervals, while in most cases both mature flowers and fruits are essential to work out properly the various species and their relation- ships. Characters presented by the culm-sheaths are of considerable importance in classification, but many collectors ignore these organs, while notes as to size and habit are apt to be short and incomplete. The scandent bamboos appear to flower at much shorter intervals than do the erect ones, apparently in some cases (Schizophyllum acutiflorum Munro) annually. During four and one-half years’ experience in the Philippines I have seen but three species of arborescent bamboos_ in flower, and in two of these the flowering was apparently due to culm- injuries, and was not normal. At most, at the present time there are in our herbarium, in flower, but five species of erect bamboos, but the number of different species actually growing in the Philippines is rather large, and doubtless will approximate 15 or 20. Economically the Graminee is the most important family of plants, and this fact applies to the Philippines as well as to other parts of the world. Rice (Oryza saliva Linn.) is our most important cereal, and it is grown, with many cultural forms and varieties, throughout the Philippines. Corn (Zea mays Linn.), introduced from America at an early date by the Spaniards, is at present the only other cereal of im- portance grown in the Archipelago. Of minor importance is the culture of Italian millet (Setaria ctalica Beauv.) locally known as Dawa or Dava, occasionally the true millet (Panicum miliaceum Linn.), locally known as Cabug, and sorghum (Andropogon sorghum Brot.) locally known as Batad. In the past, according to early reports, wheat (Triticum vulgare Vill.) was somewhat planted in northern Luzon, but its culture in the Archipelago has now been discontinued. Of great commercial im- portance to the Philippines, is the culture of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.). oll Practically the only forage grass which is planted in the Philippines is Leersia hexandra Sw., locally known as Zacate or Barit. Large areas in the vicinity of Manila are adapted to the cultivation of this grass, which is used entirely as green forage. Land for the culture of this crop is prepared in the form of rice paddies, standing water being essential. I have found no record of the culture of this grass for forage in other parts of the world, although it is distributed throughout the ‘Tropics, its culture apparently having been developed in Manila to meet local conditions. Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon Pers.), locally known as Grama, is utilized somewhat for green forage, and also some strictly wild grasses such as Panicum stagninum. Retz., locally known as Balili. Rice straw and corn are to a certain extent employed for forage, and teosinte (Huchlaena lucurians Schrad.), a recent importa- tion, appears to have considerable value for this purpose. Grasses useful for grazing comprise many different species, especially of the Andropogo- nee and Panicee. The most important lawn grass, and the one best adapted to local conditions, is Cynodon dactylon, but sometimes in Manila Zoisia pungens is utilized. Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii Benth., and I. exaltata Brongn., locally known as Cogén, are extensively used for thatching roofs, and these two species, together with Saccharum spontaneum Linn., locally known as Taldhib, because of their gregarious habit of growth and the great areas occupied by them, may prove to be of considerable value as a material for paper manufacture.’ In the highlands of northern Luzon, the stout stems of Miscanthus sinensis Anders., are employed by the natives for making walls, and even the floors or houses, and in the absence of Imperata, the leaves are used for thatch. The roots of Andropogon squarrosus Linn. f., locally known as Mora or Raiz Mora, are commonly sold in Manila, and because of their pleasant perfume are utilized for various purposes. Andropogon schoenanthus Linn., from which lemon-grass oil is obtained, is rarely cultivated. The flexible panicles of Phragmites vulgaris Lam., locally known as T'ambé are made into dust brooms and extensively sold in Manila and in other towns in the Archipelago. The hard fruits of Coix lachryma-jobi Linn., are used for beads and necklaces, and the mature seeds of the variety ma-yuen are locally used as food. The roots of a few species of grasses are used by the natives in the practice of medicine. The uses of bamboo are almost too numerous to mention, the chief among these in the Philippines being in the construction of houses, bamboo providing posts, floors, walls, and even roofs; in the building of fences, temporary bridges, and scaffolds; for water pipes, rafts, floats to transport heavy timbers down streams, and for the manufacture of furniture; for masts and outriggers on boats; for baskets, water buckets, * Richmond: Phil. Journ. Sci. (1906), 1, 457-460. a ee ~~ a? — o/! ae Se. ~~: lL. oe. lhe eee 312 cups, and even temporary cooking utensils; for fish traps, corrals, and wiers; for carrying poles, walking sticks, musical instruments, pipes, and pipestems; fire-making apparatus, blowguns, arrows, and_ spear handles; for rope, coarse and fine hats etc. The young shoots of some species are used for food. Good drinking water is frequently found in the hollow internodes, especially in the climbing species (Dinochloa and Schizophyllum), and various parts of some species are used by the natives in the practice of medicine. It is very probable that eventually the more abundant species will be found to have considerable value as a material for making paper. About 17 of the 225 species and varieties enumerated in the present paper have been introduced into the Islands either because of their economic value or accidentally as weeds. 'The most important of these introduced species are the cultivated ones, Huchlaena lucurians Schrad., Zea mays Linn., Saccharum officinarum Linn., Andropogon sorghum Brot., Setaria italica Beauy., Oryza sativa Linn., and Triticum vulgare Vill. Bambusa blumeana Schultes, the most common building bamboo in the Philippines, is apparently cultivated only, and not a native species. Cenchrus echinatus Linn., Paspalum conjugatum Berg., and Chloris barbata Sw., have been introduced as weeds, probably all from tropical America. About 46 species and varieties are endemic, including one monotypic genus, Garnotiella philippinensis Stapf. Thirty-two species are cosmo- politan in the Tropics of the world, a few of them extending into the temperate regions. ‘Twenty-nine represent northern or Asiatic types, the most characteristic of which are. Pollinia quadrinervis Hack., P. im- berbis var. willdenowiana forma monostachya Hack., P. nuda Hack., Ophiurus monostachyus Presl, Saccharum arundinaceum Retz., Ischae- mum angustifolium Hack., Hremochloa ciliaris Merr., Arthraxon micro- phyllus Hochst., A. ciliaris, varieties, Arundinella setosa Trin., A. agro- stoides Trin., Digitaria pedicellaris Merr., Isachne debilis Rendle, Pani- cum villosum Lam., Anthoxanthum luzoniense Merr., Aristida cuming- iana Trin. & Rupr., Agrostis elmert Merr., Calamagrostis arundinacea nipponica Hack., CU. filifolia Merr., Hriachne triseta Nees, Coelachne hackelti Merr., Eragrostis japonica 'Trin., Poa luzoniensis Merr., Bromus pauciflorus Hack., and Brachypodium silvaticum Beauy.; of these, Anthoxanthum, Agrostis, Calamagrostis, Poa, Bromus, and Brachypo- dium are distinctly boreal. About 12 represent Australian types, of which the following are known only from Australia and the Philippines: Pollinia trritans Hack., Andro- pogon fragilis Hack., A. baileys F. Muell., Microlaena stipoides R. Br., and Andropogon filipendulus var. lachnatherus Hack., Andropogon seri- ceus and Rottboellia ophiuroides Benth. are known only from Australia, New Guinea, and the Philippines. Perotis rara R. Br., Panicum caudig- lume Hack., P. mindanaense Merr., Ischaemum arundinaceum var. Se - eee ee ee a / saad’ ba lina ( 313 radicans Hack., and Aristida stipoides R. Br., var. tenutsetulosa Pilger are also identical with Australian species or have affinities with Australian types. Characteristic Malayan species are Coelorhachis biaurita Hack., [sachne benecket Hack., Panicum auritum Presl, Oplismenus undulatifolius var. imbecillis Hack., Pennisetum macrostachyum Trin., Leptaspis urceolata R. Br., and Dinochloa scandens O. Kuntze, these species being for most part confined to the Malayan region, while no less than 100 other species are common to the Philippines and Malaya, but also extend to other regions. Pollinis tenuis Trin., and Ischaemum intermedium are known only from the Philippines and Polynesia, but many other characteristic species extend from other places through the Philippines to that region. Twenty-six species extend from Africa to southern Asia and Malaya and the Philippines, 8 of which reach Polynesia and 10 Australia. Forty species are encountered from southern Asia and Malaya, 6 of them being found also in Polynesia and 19 in Austraha. On the whole, the Philippine Gramineew are strongly Malayan or Indo- Malayan, with a decided northern element in the highlands of northern Luzon, and a rather characteristic Australian one, which, strangely, is from the same northern region of the Archipelago, rather than from the southern islands, although when more extensive collections have been made in the interior of Mindanao, doubtless most of these Australian types, which at present are known in the Philippines only from northern Luzon, will be found in Mindanao. I acknowledge, with great pleasure, the valuable assistance of Dr. E. Hackel, of Graz, Austria, in the preparation of this paper, as he has verified very many of my own identifications, corrected others, compared my material with type or authentic specimens, identified many species, and supplied me with copious notes on synonomy. Without this as- sistance it would have been impossible for me to have issued this paper in its present form, nor would the finished work have been nearly as authentic. GRAMINEAL. CHARACTERS OF THE ORDER. Erect, decumbent or creeping herbs, annual or perennial, or in the tribe Bambusew erect,or scandent shrubs or trees. Culms (stems) terete or compressed, jointed; internodes usually hollow, sometimes solid. Leaves simple, usually long and narrow, entire, parallel-veined, the sheathing portion below distinct from the blade and split down one side, bearing at the juncture of the blade with the sheath a membranous or cartilaginous appendage (ligule), the ligule rarely wanting, sometimes reduced to a row of hairs. Inflorescence spicate, recemose, capitate or Pa a eo ee ee ee eae ee ef 4 - , ae eae . 314 paniculate, consisting of spikelets composed of two to many 2-ranked imbricated bracts (glumes), the two lowest normally empty, one or both of these sometimes wanting or very much reduced. One or more of the upper glumes except sometimes the terminal ones contains in the axil a flower which is usually inclosed by the bract like palea, Flowers ‘ perfect or staminate, sometimes dioecious or monoecious, subtended by 1 to 3 minute hyaline scales (lodicules). Stamens 1 to 6, usually 3; anthers 2-celled, versatile. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled; styles 1 to 3, commonly 2; stigmas hairy or plumose. Fruit a seed-like grain (caryopsis). Genera about 335; species about 3,500, widely distributed in all parts of the world, the greater number of species being found in the Tropics but the greater number of individuals being found in temperate regions. KEY TO THE TRIBES AND GENERA. 1. Spikelets one, rarely two-flowered, lower flower when present imperfect, falling from the pedicel entire or with certain joints of the rhachis at maturity. Rhachilla not produced beyond the flowers. 2. Spikelets cylindrical or somewhat dorsally compressed ; empty glumes manifest; hilum punctiform. 3. Flowering glumes and palea hyaline, much more delicate in structure than the thick-membranous to cartilaginous empty glumes. 4. Spikelets unisexual on, separate inflores- cences or on different parts of the same RMIT OUOMOOTION © oicc< ccs cnisccodcceocdtarsssadedesknn se eePs I. MAYDEA 4. Spikelets in pairs, one sessile, one pedicel- late in the same inflorescence, the former perfect, the latter staminate or empty, PERONY DOUUGOE oo. 50; scp cdsceshantivenieckeenarices canes II, ANDROPOGONE A 3. Flowering glumes, at least of the perfect flower, similar in texture to the empty glumes or fre- quently thicker, never hyaline and thin. 4. Flowering glume and palea membranous. 5. Inflorescence spicate; spikelets fall- ing singly or in groups, the first glume usually larger than the rest... III. Zorstmeaze 5. Inflorescence paniculate ; spikelets de- ciduous singly from the ultimate branchlets of the inflorescence, the first glume usually smaller or nar- — rower than the rest......................0... IV. TRISTEGINEA 4. Flowering glume and palea chartaceous, cai- tilaginous, or coriaceous, very different in color and appearance from the empty PR UPUITIO 65 icon cine nade cone teeum kia decnt veces V. PANICEA 2. Spikelets much compressed laterally ; empty glumes none or rudimentary ; hilum linear .............00..4.2....e cee eeeeceeeeees VI. ORYZE™® 1. Spikelets one to many flowered, the empty glumes persistent, the rachilla generally articulated above the empty glumes and produced beyond the upper glume, the upper glumes ,fre- quently empty. 2. Stems herbaceous ; leaf-blades sessile, not articulated with the sheath. 3. Spikelets pedicellate in panicles, spike-like panicles or racemes. 4. Spikelets one-flowered. 5. Empty glumes four; palea_ one- MOT VO oe, c.s5ccsud Mymatae ses area occ hese VII. PHALARIDE® 5. Empty glumes two; palea two-nerved.. VIII. AGRrosTIDEZ® ee ee ee eo ee > i lie pax yy . ; . ‘ 315 4. Spikelets two to many flowered. 5. Flowering glumes usually’ shorter than the empty ones, usually with a bent awn on the back, rarely awned from the apex.._....- gases IX. AVENEA 5. Flowering glumes generally longer than the empty ones, unawned, or with a straight awn from the apex.. XI, Fesrucem 3. Spikelets in two rows. 4. Spikelets crowded on one side of the con- tinuous rhachis, forming one-sided spikes OF EECOMOS .. 2: <2 2-22 55.2-.520-.-- sn cence X. CHLORIDE 4. Spikelets in two opposite rows of the often articulate rhachis, forming equilateral . LI ae rete eer SOE Pir oe swansea XII. HorpEz 2. Stems woody ; leaf-blade with a peticie-like base which is articulated. with: the sheath .............2......2.2:....---0... ....52..:.......-csctpeseeaaeieeee ee 3. Empty glumes three; perfect flower one in each spikelet. 4.Glumes unawned; spikelets panicled OF. SIICREG ee kis tc ose 4.Glumes unawned; spikelets of Pani- cum, but the flowering glume nar- rowed into a short stipe or with two appendages or pits at the base........ 4. Empty glumes or flowering glumes awned or awn-pointed. 5. Flowering glumes unawned; empty glumes awned or awn- pointed. 6. Prostrate or ascending grasses; racemes or clusters of few spike- lets; empty glumes glabrous or pubescent.. 6. Erect grasses; racemes of many _— spikelets; empty glumes often muricate-hispid —....... 5, Flowering glume awned ; nerves of the second empty glume broadly fimbriate; palea of the third glume deeply cleft.. 2. Spikelets subtended by an inyolucre, consisting of from one to many bristles or spines which are sometimes grown together. 3. Involucre of two spine-bearing valves............ 8. Involucre of numerous bristles. 4. Spikelets fasciculate; involucral bris- tles falling with the spikelet............ 4. Spikelets usually solitary; involucral bristles persistent after the fall of Ae) 3. Involucre of solitary bristles. 4. Inflorescence in open panicles; pros- trate aquatic grasses ...................... 4. Inflorescence in ‘dense cylindrical spikes or spike-like panicles; erect Page 1. Spikelets monoecious or dioecious. 2. Monoecious; slender prostrate grasses; inflores- cence a terminal spike, the two lower spikelets perfect, the four to six upper ones staminate.. 2. Dioecious ; very coarse prostrate grasses; pistillate flowers collected into large globose heads with very long spines; staminate flowers in umbel- lately disposed TACOMROM ei rccctticccs.ccc..cccees ces eces Tribe VI. ORYZEZ. — . Spikelets unisexual ; fruiting glumes inflated ; leaves broad.. . Spikelets perfect ; fruiting glumes not inflated. 2. Empty glumes two, short but distinct; spikelets awned or awnhlesisaaeee........ nes Sena oe ee 2. Empty glumes wanting; spikelets awnless................ Tribe VII. PHALARIDEZ. _ 1. First and second glumes minute, the third and fourth longer than the MOWOTTDm emir see eee 1. First and second empty glumes equaling or exceeding the third amd fourth 2 cee oie oetnk ccc cnscn nace sacc (28) Isachne (29) (30) (31) (29) (33) (34) (35) (32) (35) (82) (37) (38) (39) (40) (41) Panicum Ichnanthus Oplismenus Panicum § Echinochloa Axonopus Cenchrus Pennisetum Setaria Chamaeraphis Setaria Thuarea Spinifex Leptaspis Oryza Leersia Microlaena Anthoxanthum ee) eer ss es. ee. 518 ae, eee Tribe VIII. AGROSTIDEZ. 1. Flowering glume awnless. 2. Panicles strict; pericarp free; grain not perma- nently enclosed in the flowering glume and palea-.. 2. Panicles very lax; pericarp adherent; grain enclosed in the flowering glume and palea............................ 1. Flowering glume awned. 2. Flowering glume indurated, much firmer in texture than the empty glumes, 3-awned........................... 2. Flowering glume usually hyaline and more delicate than the empty glumes, 1-awned. 3. Flowering glume awned from the apex or from the cleft ; spikelets articulate on their pedicels. 4. Spikelets geminate, linear-lanceolate; first and second glumes 3-nerved; flowering glume faintly 1 to 3 nerved, awned from THO BOM coseisenden vce Pesos Lic eee 4. Spikelets solitary; first and second glumes nerveless; flowering glume lobed at the apex and bearing a long awn in the cleft........................ 3. Flowering glume awned from the back near the base; spikelets inarticulate; rhachilla produced and penicellate....................0.......-- lanceolate or Tribe IX. AVENE. 1. Spikelets small, 2-flowered ; rhachilla not produced. 2. Flowering glumes long ciliate-fringed on the back or margins; emtpy glumes broad, many nerved ; spikelets awned 2. Flowering glumes naked; spikelets unawned...........- 1. Spikelets large, 2 or more flowered, rhachilla produced beyond the upper flower...............2.......2....2.2-...--+! teeth os Sas oe- Tribe X. CHLORIDEZ. 1. Spikes or spiciform branches digitate or approximate. 2. Spikelets 1-flowered, the upper imperfect flower wanting j 2. Spikelets two or more flowered, the upper flower imperfect, the flowering glume awned.................... 2. Spikelets with three to six perfect flowers. 3. Spikes with terminal spikelets........................ 3. Spikes with the rhachis extending beyond the spikelets in a manifest point...................... 1. Spikes or spiciform branches panicled, filiform; spikelets minute, alternate Tribe XL. FESTUCEZ. 1. Spikelets in spiciform branches of a simple panicle. 2. Flowering glumes 1 to 3-nerved; spikelets many flowered 2. Flowering glumes 7 to 9-nerved; spikelets 1 to sev- eral flowered. 3. Spikelets 1-flowered; upper glumes con- wares, With setiform tips...:...:..0c5.-scesccetsess 3. Spikelets more than 1-flowered; fruiting glumes with reflexed submarginal bristles.. (45) Sporobolus (48) Agrostis (44) Aristida (46) Garnotia - (47) Garnotiella (49) Calamagrostis (50) Friachne (51) Coelachne (52) Avena (53) Cynodon (54) Chloris (55) Hleusine (56) Dactyloctenium (57) Leptochloa (60) Diplachne (63) Lophatherum (62) Centotheca —-— d19 1. Spikelets in open compound panicles, the branches not spiciform. 2. Coarse erect grasses; flowering glume or rhachilla long-penicellate. 3. Rhachilla short-hairy ; flowering glumes pen- CGI ease 52625555 ncc-5222 25055245 -s5eeesesdek ae (59) Neyraudia 3. Rhachilla penicellate; flowering glumes np AES] og 0011) te 8 (58) Phragmites 2. Usually slender grasses; rhachilla and flowering glumes glabrous or hairy; if hairy, the hairs much shorter than the glumes. 3. Flowering glumes glabrous, 3-nerved.............. (61) Eragrostis 3. Flowering glumes glabrous or pubescent on the nerves, 5 to many nerved. 4. Flowering glumes 5-nerved, pilose on the nerves, not awned ...................... (64) Poa 4. Flowering glumes mucronate or awned, rounded dorsally, 5-nerved ; top of the ovary villous; inflores- cence paniculate ...............0...cccccpecsces (65) Bromus 4. Flowering glumes many, awned or mucronate, 7 to 9 nerved; inflores- WONCe . BP ICAlC.-.< 2222-212. eens acca (66) Brachypodium Tribe XII. HORDE. 1. Glumes with their backs turned to the hollow surface of the rhachis; maratime grasses ................0......00..cccccccesncccecececeeee (67) Monerma 1. Glumes with their sides turned to the hollowed surface of the rhachis; cultivated grasses ......2.............cccccceccceeeeccecceee (68) Triticum Tribe XII]. BAMBUSEZ. 1. Fruit a true caryopsis with a delicate pericarp. 2. Filaments free; palea of the upper flower 2-keeled.. (69) Bambusa 2. Filaments united into a tube; all the paleas 2- keeled): ua. s ata. Peer cecad on ct ctn coon dsudeds fol yee. c seen (70) Gigantochloa 1. Fruit a nut with a thick free pericarp. 2. Spikelets very small, ovate _.....02....000..-cccccccccccecececeeee (72) Dinochloa 2. Spikelets elongated, linear or linear-lanceolate........ (71) Schizostachyum Tribe I. MAYDEZ. The staminate spikelets occupying the upper portion of the inflores- cence or of its divisions, the pistillate below. Grain ellipsoid or roundish, unfurrowed. Culms tall, with pith. (1) EUCHLAENA Sehrad. Staminate spikelets in a terminal panicle, two at each joint of the rhachis, one sessile, one pedicellate; glumes membranous. — Pistillate spikelets in 2-ranked spikes, the spikes fasciculate in the leaf-axils, the axis jointed. Tall annuals with very broad leaves. Species 1 or 2, Mexican, 1 introduced into the Philippines. Teosinte. (1) Euchlaena luxurians Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Gott. (1832) ex Linnaea 8, Litterbl. 25; Fournier in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 15: 467; Gram. Mex. 69; Curtiss’ Bot. Mag. t. 6414. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao (Whitford), April, 1904. Cultivated only; introduced from America in the year 1903; a native of Mexico. acer? -. 7% | > 320 (2) ZEA Linn. Habit, foliage, staminate florescence and arrangement of the pistillate spikes as in the preceeding genus, but the pistillate spikes grown together into a spongy, continuous body, the seeds being borne in 4 to 11 double rows. . Species 1, with many cultural varieties and forms; a native of tropical America and now cultivated in most tropical and temperate countries. Corn or Indian Corn. (1) Zea mays Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 871; Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 686; ed. 2 (1845) 476; ed. 3, 3 (1879) 90; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 477; F.-Vill. Noy. App. (1883) 314; Merr. in Govt. Lab, Publ. 6 (1904) 28; Usteri- Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 133. Extensively cultivated throughout the Philippines, one of the first American plants introduced into the Philippines by the Spaniards, several forms and varie- ties being cultivated in the Archipelago. Sp.-Fil., Mazz. (3) CHIONACHNE R. Br. ~ Culm much branched, branches terminated by spikes that are sub- tended by a sheathing leaf. Spikes with 1 to 5 pistillate spikelets and many staminate spikelets. Similar to Coir, but the fruit capsule is formed by the empty glume. Species 4, British India to the Malayan Archipelago and Australia, 1 endemic species in the Philippines. (1) Chionachne biaurita Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 263. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River (4282 Merrill), October, 1905. On fresh talus slopes at about 1,000 m. Endemic. (Chionachne barbata R. Br.=Polytoca barbata Stapf, a British Indian and Javan grass, is reported from the Philippines by F.-Villar, Noy. App. (1883), 314, but the record has never been verified. ) (4) COIX Linn. Culm branched, branches ending in one or two short, ivory-like nearly globose, very hard capsules with an opening at the top, and surrounding the pistillate spikelets, the staminate inflorescence projecting out of the orifices of the capsules. Species 3 or 4, southern Asia and Malaya, 1 in the Philippines. T'car Grass or Job’s Tears. (1) Coix lachryma-jobi Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 972; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 100; Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 137; Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36 (1904) 345; Usteri Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 182, err. typ. “lachrymae-iovis.” Coie lachryma Linn, Syst. ed. 10, 1261; Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 688; ed. 2 (1845) 478; ed. 3, 3 (1879) 92; Migq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 476; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 157; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 288; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 314. Coix agrestis Lour.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. PHILIPPINES (448 Cuming) 1836-40. Luzon, Manila (64 Merrill), May, 1902: Province of Benguet, Baguio (5761 Himer) March, 1904; (39, 136 Topping) .-_ =” <<. —=_- TS ee ‘le ae dl oe ees i aes Non a 321 January, 1903: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1853 Merrill) April, 1903: Prov- ince of Batangas, Lipa (112 Marave) December, 1895: Province of Tayabas, (Infanta) Binangonan (832 Whitford) September, 1904. Mrnporo, Baco River (263 McGregor) April, 1905, PALAWAN, Tanabag (323 Bermejos) January, 1906. BALABAc (437 Mangubat) March, 1906. MINDANAO, Davao (653 Copeland) March, 1904: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (52 Clemens) January, 1906, Widely distributed in the Philippines; warmer parts of the world. T., Tigbi, Cudlasan ; V., Adlay; B., Cueldasan ; |g., Agda. Var. ma-yuen (Roman.) Stapf. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 100. Cota ma-yuen Roman. in Bull. Soe. Acclim. Paris III. 8 (1881) 442. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Montalban (3394 Ahern’s collector) November, 1905. JoLto, Mount Dajo (5326 Merrill) October, 1906. British India to Cochin China and Borneo. T., Ylas. Tribe I]. ANDROPOGONEZ. Spikelets in spike-like racemes, two, rarely only one, at each joint of the usually articulate rhachis, one sessile and one pedicellate. Spikelets generally 1-flowered, with three empty glumes, the first empty glume always more indurated than the flowering glume, the latter usually hyaline and bearing a bent or twisted awn. (5) DIMERIA R. Br. Spikelets 1-flowered, linear, laterally compressed ; first empty glume keeled. Flowering glumes awned. Spikes digitate. Very slender grasses. Species 12, British India to South China, Malaya and north Australia; one in the Philippines. (1) Dimeria orinthopoda Trin. Fund. Agrost. (1820) 167. t. 14, var. tenera (Trin.) Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 81. Dimeria tenera Trin. in Mém. Acad. St-Pétersb. VI. 2° (1833) 335. F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 315. D. orin- thopoda Merr. Philip. Journ, Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 25. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (3283, 3773 Merrill) October, 1903, January, 1904: Province of Rizal, Caloocan (3676 Merrill) November, 1903; Antipolo (15 Foxworthy) January, 1906. . British India to Japan, Malaya, other varieties extending to tropical Australia. (F.-Villar enumerates Haplachne pilosissima Presl, and Andropogon chloridi- formis Gaudich., as distinct species, but without really crediting them to the Philippines. Both are synonyms of Dimeria pilosissima Trin., a Marianne Island species. ) (6) IMPERATA Cyr. Spikelets 1-flowered, densely clothed with long silky hairs. Empty glumes membranous, narrow, the two outer with long hairs. Flowering glume small. Stamens 1 to 2. Panicles narrow, usually spike-like. Species 5, tropical and subtropical regions of the World; two in the Philippines. 1. Panicle narrow, spiciform, the branches short, appressed; first glume - tO OD NOT WC MEN ons. 5350555 ..50. 02-5 cq cece serseescanseassencestacssmpecnostoamitny (1) I. cylindrica 1. Panicle thyrsiform, branches usually elongated, sometimes spreading ; first glume 3 to 5 NGrvVed)s catmmtime Diese coriss...........ccc.e.ees.-neeeeeees UZ) de, COULEORG: is: 322 (1) Imperata cylindrica (Linn.) Beauy. Agrost. (1812) Expl. Planch. 5. ¢. 5. f. 1. var. koenigii (Retz.) Benth.; Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 137. Imperata arundinacea Cyr.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 514; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 316. J. arundinacea var. koenigit Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 84; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 158; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 289. Saccharum spicatum Pres] Rel. Haenk 1 (1830) 346; Secribn. Rept. Mo, Bot. Gard. 10 (1899) 52. pl. 1; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 513; Kunth, Enum. 1 (1833) 476; F.-Vil. Nov. App. (1883) 317. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio (5753 Elmer) Mareh, 1904: Manila (85 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Pampanga, Bacolor (32 Parker) May, 1904. Minvoro, Baco River (123 McGregor) April, 1905. Srpuyan (27 McGregor) July, 1904. Bonon (1218 MeGregor) June, 1906. MInNdDANAO, Davao (184 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903; (537 Copeland) March, 1904: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (145 Clemens) February, 1906. Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines, the species being dis- tributed through the warmer parts of the World, the variety koenigii, extending from tropical Africa to southern Asia, Japan, Malaya, Australia, New Caledonia, and the Fiji Islands. T., Cogoén. (2) Imperata exaltata Brongn. Voy. Coqu. Bot. (1829) 101, excel. syn.; Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 98; Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 137; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 26. Imperata ramosa Anders.; Rolfe, in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 216; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip- (1885) 158; Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 289. Saccharum negrosense Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 407. Saccharum confertum Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 364; Kunth, Enum. 1 (1833) 476; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 317. Saccharum alopecuros Nees; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 513; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 317. Puiuieeines (1801 Cuming) 1836-40, Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (3279 Ahern’s collector) August, 1905: Province of Tayabas, Atimonan (122 Gregory) August, 1904; (665 Whitford) August, 1904. PALAWAN, E-wi-ig River (701 Merrill) February, 1903. Common and widely distributed in the Philippines, Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago to New Hebrides. 'T., Cogoén. 4 : ; : : Imperata exaltata Brongn. subsp. merrillii Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 264. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (4813 Merrill) November, 1905. Endemic. (7) MISCANTHUS Anders. Distinguished from /mperata by its broad panicles, three stamens and the flowering glumes more or less bifid and usually awned between the teeth or lobes. Tall coarse grasses. Species 7 or 8, southern and eastern Asia to Malaya and Polynesia; two in the Philippines. 1. Racemes not fastigiate, the lower ones semiverticellate shorter than thé common ritachia; laxly flowered ...............02...0206..00.000 220... c0cedeccos (1) M. japonicus 1. Racemes corymbose-fastigiate, the lower ones exceeding the common CREM TS OTRMEY . TOOT BI coos atk chin ee detec cnc s zeep cane vas dev saacad vs vans} cnpeepreRaeeee (2) M. sinensis (1) Miscanthus japonicus (Thunb.) Anders. Oefv. Vet. Akad. Forhandl. Stockh. (1855) 166; Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 107; Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 36 (1904) 347; Koord. Meded.’s Lands Plant. 19 (1898) 274. Saccharum praegrande Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 408. Mis- canthus luzonensis Anders. |. c. 166; Vidal, Phan, Cuming. Philip. (1885) 158; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 289; Rolfe in Journ, Bot. 23 (1885) 216. es ae ae aS ll PHILIPPINES (787 Cuming) 1836-40. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (Clemens) March, 1906. SAMAR, Borongan (5220 Merrill) October, 1906. Japan and China to Malaya. ; (2) Micanthus sinensis Anders. |. c. 166; Rendle 1. e. 348. Hack. 1. ec. 105. Eulalia japonica Trin.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 518; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 316. Miscanthus japonicus Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 137; Merr. Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 26, non Anders. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (4492 Merrill) November, 1905: Province of Benguet, Pauai (4734 Merrill) November, 1905: Baguio to Ambuklao (4353 Merrill) October, 1905; Mount Santo Tomas (6271 Elmer) May, 1904: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (4214, 3923 Merrill) September, 1905, October, 1904: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3198 Merrill) October, 1903; (1341 Whitford) September, 1905: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (946 Whitford) October, 1904; Province of Principe, Baler (1125 Merrill) Sep- tember, 1902. Japan and China to Cochin China, Borneo and Celebes, (8) SACCHARUM Linn. Panicles usually expanded, the branches many jointed. Spikelets slender, the somewhat hardened first and second empty glumes with long hairs. Tall grasses, the small spikelets surrounded by long silky hairs. Species about 12, mostly in the tropics of the Old World, three in America; three species in the Philippines, one cultivated only. Wace Gg ha 2 RE We) | ne ee ee as oe (2) S. spontaneum 1. Stem glabrous below the panicle. 2. Joints of the racemes and pedicels glabrous; cultivated MERRY RL Ri he iv aoe we cnoe sce e+. c2cesnniceeascscensseasecssaestanesssode>suaginle nana (1) S. officinarum 2. Joints of the racemes and pedicels long-pilose; spon- o TTI goa age -k ap sns ok os 2 } = Pr Fo eee +*, bathe, =e ee o> oo ae val nas. sll” ~~. * [ol , 309 Luzon, Manila (90 Merrill) May, 1902; (63 McGregor) October, 1904: Prov- ince of Nueva Eeija, Humingan (289 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Union, Bauang (5699 Elmer) February, 1904: Province of Rizal, Caloocan (3677 Merrill) November, 1903. Nos. 90 and 289 Merrill were referred by Pilger 1. c. to the subvariety hispidissimus Hack., which has been found in the Philippines (1615 Cuming). The two numbers are, however, referable to the subvar. typicus Hack. Generally distributed in the warmer parts of the World. Subgenus CyMBOPOGON. (16) Andropogon nardus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1046 var. hamatulus (Nees ) Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan..6 (1889) 606; Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 140; A. hamatulus Nees in Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beechy’s Voy. (1841) 244; Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 388 “hamulatus.’ A. nardus Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 216; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 158; Rev. Pl. Vase, Filip. (1886) 291. Cymbopogon nardus Rendle, var. hamatulus Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 36 (1904) 244. Anthistiria tortilis Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 347; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 317. PHILIPPINES (1000 Cuming). Luzon, Provinee of Nueva Keija, Carranglang (244 Merrill) May, 1902. Cagayan pe SuLu (5307 Merrill) October, 1906. Formosa and southern China, i. e., variety. The species and other varieties in tropical Asia, Africa, Malaya, and America. (17) Andropogon schoenanthus Linn. pp: . Plot ) 1046; Blanco, FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1873) 39; ed. 2 (1845) 27; ed. 3, 1 (18 7) 50; Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 609; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 ( 7) 204; F,-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 316. Cymbopogon schocnanthus Spreng. Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2 (1815) 14; Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 36 (1904) 377. Mrinporo, Calapan (Merrill) December, 1906. This species is not a native of the Philippines and is only oceasionally cultivated for local use, and not on a commercial scale. I have previously doubted the correctness of Blanco’s identification,” his description being very imperfect. I have not seen flowering specimens from the Philippines. Well-informed natives state that the species rarely flowers. T., Salai, Tanglad. V., Baliyoco. Sp.-Fil., Paja de meca, The source of Lemon-grass oil of commerce. Tropical Asia to China and tropical Africa. (18) Andropogon filipendulus Hochstett. in Flora. 29 (1846) -115.. var. lachnatherus (Benth.) Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 635; Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 267. Andropogon lachnatherus Benth. Fl. Austral. 7 (1878) 534. Luzon, Province of Benguet (4398 Merrill) October-November, 1905; (6392 Elmer) May, 1904, Queensland and New South Wales, i. e., the variety; the species and other varieties in British India, Ceylon, and tropical Africa. Forma bispiculata Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 267. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bued River (4298 Merrill) November, 1904. Endemie. EXCLUDED SPECIES. ANDROPOGON ERIOSTACHYUS Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 339; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 496; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 487; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 316 Andropogon ternatus Nees, var. eriostachyus (Presl) Hack. in DC. Monog. ° Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories (1905) 27: 92. 49082——3 j 4 ’ ee ne Cc ee Ca: le eee ee ot ae = $ ¢ 4 —_ att y oped : ys pt ais ae ore ee Sa ee ee SP a eee ee PO ky, ee eT ee Ree LE eer ee ee 340 Phan. 6 (1889) 425. Erroneously credited to the Philippines by Presl, but a tropical American species. HETEROPOGON TENELLUS Sehult.; F.-Vill. Nov, App. (1883) 316== Andropogon tenellus Roxb. Andropogon caricosus Linn. A species of British India and Malaya, F.-Villar’s record of the plant having been found in the Philippines has never been veritied, his identification undoubtedly having been erroneous. (20) THEMEDA Forsk. Coarse or slender grasses, the racemes united into the false panicles, the lower spikelets of each raceme unawned, staminate forming a false whorl about the 1 to 3 middle perfect spikelets which are long-awned, the fascicles included in a foliaceous bract. Species nine in the warmer countries of the Old World; two in the Philippines. 1. Involucrant spikelets inserted on a level, all sessile; glumes three. A ‘Blonder STAsB...........-scsecesecceccccccrceneceeeesseeeeseeneecesceeneneeenantensssesacceseessoanaste 1. Involucrant bristles in superposed pairs; glumes three or four. A very coarse erect grass.............. socusu vans i i 361 Sect. PTYCHOPHYLLUM. (29) Panicum palmaefolium Koen. in Naturforsch. 23 (1788) 208; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 449. Panicum plicatum Lam. Hl. 1 (1791) 171; Eneyel. 4 (1797) 736; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 311; Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 55. P. amplissimum Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 54; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 156; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 287. P. neurodes Schult. Mant. 2 (1824) 228; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 157; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 287; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892) 180; Usteri Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 133. P. newrodes var. amplissimum Walp. Ann. 6 (1861) 947. LP. nepalense Spreng. Mant. 2 (1824) 321; Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 216. Panicum lene Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 54. Setaria mauritiana Spreng. Syst. 1 (1825) 305; Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1904) 336. S. lenis Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 468. PHILIPPINES (553 Cuming). Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio (5919 Elmer) March, 1904; (4931 Curran) August, 1906: District of Lepanto, Balili (4611 Merrill) November, 1905: Province of Nueva Viseaya, Quiangan (133 Merrill) June, 1902: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (976 Whitford) Oc- tober, 1904. Mrnporo, Baco River (305 McGregor) May, 1905, PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa (341 Bermejos) January, 1906; Point Separation (815 Merrill) February, 1903. Mrxpanao, Davao (640 Copeland) March, 1904: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (393 Clemens) March, 1906. Tropical Africa to India, southern China, Japan, and Malaya. Sect. GIBBOSAE. (30) Panicum pilipes Nees et Arn. ex Biise in Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1855) 376; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 453; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 57; Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143; Merr. Philip. Journ, Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 27. P. hermaphroditum Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 67; Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 216; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 157; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 287; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892) 180. P. trigonum Nees in Novy. Act. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 172; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 312, non Retz. PHILIPPINES (554 Cuming). Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Caraballo Sur Mountains (Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Bataan Dinalupijan (1576 Merrill) January, 1903; Lamao River, Mount Mariveles (1821 Borden) ; (1020 Whitford) ; (6650 Elmer) ; (3156 Merrill), 1903 to 1905: Province of Rizal (93 Foxworthy ) January, 1906: Province of Zambales, Subie (Hallier) December, 1903: Province of Tayabas, Atimonan (623 Whitford) August, 1904. CuLIon (496 Merrill) December, 1902. MinpAnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (Clemens) February, 1906: District of Davao (641 Copeland) March, 1904. PALAwAN (589 Pow- worthy) May, 1906. ‘ British India to Madagascar Islands, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. (31) Panicum patens Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 86; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 126; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 57; Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 142; Usteri Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 133. Panicum radicans Retz. ; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 312; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 157; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 287; Ceron Cat. PI. Herb. (1892) 180; Mig. Fl. Ind. 3 (1859) 453; Llanos Frag. Pl. Filip. (1851) 43. PHILIPPINES (493 Cuming). Luzon, District of Lepanto (4473 Merrill) No- vember, 1905: Province of Nueva Viscaya, Dupax (254 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Rizal, Montalban (3419 Ahern’s collector) November, 1905; Antipolo (1322 Merrill) February, 1903: Province of Zambales, Subie (//allier) December, 1903. Mrnporo, Baco River (281 McGregor) April, 1905. PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa (344 Bermejos) January, 1906; (730 Merrill) February, 1903, Point 362 Separation (821 Merrill) February, 1903. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keith- ley (153 Clemens) February, 1906: District of Davao (252 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903. British India to southern China, Malaya, and Polynesia. (32) Panicum carinatum Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 309; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 112; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 452; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1833) 312. Seribn. Rept. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10 (1899) 46. pl. 17. Panicum radicans Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 27, non Retz. Mrinporo, Puerto Galera (3328 Merrill) October, 1903. BALABAG (451, 516 Mangubat) March, 1906. CuLtIon (477 Merrill) December, 1902. BAsILAN (70 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903. PALAWAN (826 Foxworthy) April, 1906. In Nos. 1520 and 3155 Merrill and No. 6646 Elmer, from the Province of Bataan. Luzon, the panicle branches and rhachis are supplied with few long white hairs, and Hackel proposes to call this forma lasiocladum., Endemic ? The status of this species is very unsatisfactory, and true Panicum carinatum may prove to be an exact synonym of Panicum pateng Linn. Mez"™ including in Panicum radicans Retz., both the form considered above and Panicum pilipes Nees et Arn. Schumann and Lauterbach" certainly misinterpreted Panicum cari- natum, as they reduced to it the very different P. pilipes Nees et Arn. (P. her- maphroditum Steud.). Scribner” gives a figure of Haenke’s specimen on which Panicum carinatum Presl was based, and considers it to be closely allied to and perhaps identical with Panicum radicans Retz., which by many authors is con- sidered a synonym of P?. patens Linn. The figure apparently represents a young stage of the Linnean species. Even if the material here referred to Panicum carinatum is correctly identified, it can not be distinguished from Panicum patens Linn., except by some minor characters, such as the smaller size of the panicle, but at the same time it is perhaps as distinet from P. patens as is the following species. (33) Panicum warburgii Mez in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143. P. patens Linn. var. parvulum Warb. l. e. P. patens Linn. var. warburgii Hack. in herb. Luzon, Province of Nueva Viscaya, Bayombong (303 Merrill) May, 1902. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (268 Clemens) February, 1906. Endemic. The validity of this species is very doubtful, and Hackel is doubtless correct in reducing it to a variety of Panicum patens. It is apparently only a depau- perate condition of that species due to environment. Sect. PSEUDECHINOLAENA. (34) Panicum uncinatum Raddi Agrost. Bras. (1823) 41; Trin. Gram. Pan. 174; Sp. Gram. le. ¢. 216; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833); Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 449; Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 58. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (266 Clemens) February, 1906. Tropical Asia, Malaya, and America. * Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 143, ™ FI. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1901) 179. ™ Rept. Mo, Bot. Gard. 10 (1899) 46. pl. 17. ee eS eS a eee: lL = ae er Pa vee r Ce Pe ase, 2a 365 DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES. PANICUM MERTENSIL Roth.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 312. First credited to the Philippines by Llanos, Mem. Ac. Ciene. Mad. (1858), but certainly erroneously identified. An American species. PANICUM GAUDICHAUDIT Kunth; F.-Vill. 1. ¢ 311. A species of the Marianne _Islands. F.-Villar’s record for this species as a Philippine plant has never been verified, probably an erroneous identification on his part==Digitaria stricta Gaudich. . PANICUM LEUCOPHAEUM H. B. K.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 311. Presl (Rel. Haenk.* 1 (1830) 299) states regarding this species “Hab. in Mexico, in Luzonia” from which I.-Villar compiled his record for the Philippines. E.-Villar states, however, that he saw living specimens in Luzon and Panay, which might have been Panicum villosum Lam. The species is Mexican, and some Australian forms have been referred to it. It is not to be expected in the Philippines. PANICUM HELOPUS Trin.; F.-Vill. 1. c. 311==P. setigerum Retz., a species of British India, hardly to be expected in the Philippines. F.-Villar reduces to P. helopus, Setaria pilifera Llanos Krag. Pl. Filip. (1851) 34, and while this reduction is apparently erroneous, | have been unable to determine Llanos’s species satisfactorily from his very imperfect description. PANICUM ELATIUS Kunth Rev. Gram. 1 (1829) 38; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 312.—=Panicum altissimum Mey., a species of tropical America. Certainly an erroneous identification on the part of F.-Villar. (30) ICHNANTHUS Beauv. Similar to Panicum, but the flowering glume pedicellate and with two basal appendages or scars. Species about 20, mostly tropical America, two in tropical Asia; one in the Philippines. (1) 1. pallens (Sw.) Munro in Benth Fl. Hongk. (1861) 414; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 60; Rendle in Forbes & Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36 (1804) 334; Hack. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1905) 80. Panicum pallens Sw. Prodr. (1788) 23; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 89. P. nitens Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 8. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3221, 3756 Merrill) October, 1903, January, 1904. Tropics of both hemispheres. (31) OPLISMENUS Beauv. Spikelets 1-flowered in small groups or clusters along the branches of the panicle, secund; first and second glumes always awned, the third frequently awned. Species about 6, tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres; three in the Philippines. 1. Spikelets about 2 mm. long, greenish, closely imbricate, green ; Se SS ane r nee See en So A 7s (1) O. burmannii 1. Spikelets 3 to 4 mm. long, loosely imbricate or scattered, often purplish ; awns stout. 2. More or less pubescent; spikes elongated..................2........- (2) O. compositus 2. Glabrous or nearly so; spikes short or reduced to a single fascicle of flowers) --.-.2-....cs.c¢s<-.s--usseeee ee ae ee ee ee “es 6 all) he ae ee ee Loew ek ae ee ee”. ee le ee? ee “oe — — ef) es ord Luzon, Province of Isabela, Echague (139 Merrill) June, 1902: Province of Benguet, Baguio (6523, 5758 Elmer) March, June, 1904. MInpANAo, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (98 Clemens) January, 1906. Tropies of the World. DOUBTFUL SPECIES. SPOROBOLUS HUMILIS Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1830) 241; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 217; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 376; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 321; Seribn. in Rept. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10 (1899) 53. pl. 30. “Hab. in insula Luzonia” Presl. Perhaps not a Philippine plant, or possibly a much-dwarfed form of Sporobolus diandrus Beauy. Scribner, who has examined Haenke’s specimen on which the species was based, makes no statement regarding the validity or relationship of the species. SPOROBOLUS SCopPARIUS Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1° (1830) 243; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 216; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 376; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 321. “Hab, ad portum Sorzogon” (Luzon) Presl. Judging from the description, a very characteristic species. I have seen no Philippine material that agrees with it. Perhaps not a Philippine plant. (46) GARNOTIA Brongn. Spikelets small, in pairs along the branches of the strict or expanded panicle. Flowering glumes with slender awns or awnless. Species 8, British India to Japan, Malaya, and the Sandwich Islands; 1 in the Philippines. (1) Garnotia stricta Brongn. in Duperry Bot. Voy. Coqu. (1829) 132. ¢. 27; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 243; Merr. Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 28. Luzon, Province of Benguet (6210 Elmer) April, 1904; (4716 Merrill) No- vember, 1905: Province of Bataan, Mount Mnariveles (6989 Hlmer) November, 1904; (1146 Whitford) March, 1905: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (3903 Merrill) October, 1904. MINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (5484 Merrill) October, 1906. British India to the Sandwich Islands. The Philippine form may represent a distinct species, characterized especially by the long-awned flowering glume. (47) GARNOTIELLA Stapf. A slender grass with narrow strict panicles. Spikelets small, soli- tary; empty glumes two, nerveless, subequal; flowering. glume minute, hyaline, the palea a small, hyaline nerveless scale. A monotypic endemic genus. (1) Garnotiella philippinensis Stapf in Hook. leon. Pl. IV. 5 (1896) pl. 2494. PANAY, Miagao (3994 Vidal) fide Stapf 1. ¢. Endemice. (48) AGROSTIS Linn. Panicles diffuse, many flowered. Spikelets small; flowering glumes thin-membranous or hyaline, awnless (in the Philippine representative), equaling or smaller than the empty glumes. Species about 120, distributed over the entire globe, especially in the north temperate regions; 1 in the Philippines. is > ae aid 187; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 420; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 29. Dendrocalamus strictus F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 324, ex syn. Blanco, non Nees. Apparently represented by the following sterile specimens: Luzon, Province of Bataan, Dinalupijan (Merrill) January, 1903; Lamao (Whitford) September, 1905: Province of Pampanga, Arayat (Merrill) March, 1903. An endemic (7?) species of uncertain value. T., Cauayan quiling. (7) Bambusa nana Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 25; Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleuta 7 (1896) 40. pl. 38; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 323; Usteri Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 133. Occasionally cultivated as a hedge plant in Manila and probably in’ other towns in the Archipelago, a native of China and Japan. I have seen no Phil- ippine specimens in’ flower or fruit. It is possible that the species credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar as Bambusa tuldoides was the same. F.-Villar states that he saw only cultivated specimens. (8) Bambusa blancoi Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 331; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 421. Bambusa mitis Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 271; ed. 2 (1845) 188, non Poir.; Dendrocalamus sericeus ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 324, ex syn. Blanco, non Munro, An endemic (7) species of uncertain value, known only from Blanco’s descrip- tion. T., Tiawanae. (9) Bambusa textoria Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 270; ed. 2 (1845) 188; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 421. Gigantochloa atter F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 323, ex syn. Blanco, non Kurz. ' An endemic (7%) species of uncertain value, known from Blanco’s description. T., Calbang. It is probable that by no means all of the above species are Bambusa, but that some of them are referable to other genera such as Dendrocalamus, Gigan- tochloa, ete., but it is quite impossible to determine Blanco’s species and refer them to their proper genera without complete material, and it is probable that 390 we shall be quite unable to locate some of the species absolutely. In addition to the above species, several others are represented in our herbarium, which from lack of complete material it is impossible to determine satisfactorily at this time. (70) GIGANTOCHLOA Kurz. Differing from Bambusa in having the filaments united into a tube, hence monadelphous. ‘Tall arborescent species with numerous dense fas- cicles of spikelets in branched panicles. Species about 10, British India and Malaya; one in the Philippines. (1) Gigantochloa scribneriana Merrill sp. nov. Frutex ; ramis teretibus: foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 25-80 em. longis, 3—5 latis, ad marginem et nonnumquam supra nervos mar- ginales serrulato-scabris, subtus pallidis et sparse pubescentibus; pani- culis ut videtur 2 vel 3 metralis, aphyllis; ramis solitariis vel fasciculatis, elongatis, ad 80 cm. longis, glabris vel puberulis; spiculis ad ramulus floriferos fasciculatis, oblongo-ovatis, acutis, 1-1.5 cm. longis, fasciculis 1-4 em. distantibus; glumis sterilibus 2 vel 3, bracteolis supremis eis similibus nec non paullo brevioribus; glumis fertilibus 4—6, plus minus 9 mm. longis, superioribus quam inferioribus longioribus, apice abrupte breviter acuminatis vel acutis, pubescentibus; staminibus 6; filamentis in tubo connatis; antheris linearibus, exsertis. Erect, apparently of large size. Branches terete. Leaves oblong- lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat narrowed below to the petiole, 25 to 30 em. long, 3 to 3.5 cm. wide, the margins and sometimes the marginal nerves above serrulate-scabrous, beneath pale and somewhat pubescent, the nerves on both sides of the midrib 8 or 9; petiole 3 to 5 mm. long; sheaths glabrous or slightly puberulous, the mouth glabrous; ligule very short, truncate. Panicles apparently 2 or 3 m. long, leafless, the branches solitary or fascicled, elongated, about 80 em. long, glabrous or puberu- lous, the bracts coriaceous, oblong or ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate, glabrous. Spikelets in fascicles of three to eight, the internodes 1 to 4 em. long, the bracteoles broadly triangular-ovate, acute, coriaceous, 5 mm. long; spikelets oblong-ovate, acute or slightly acuminate, com- pressed, 1 to 1.5 em. long; empty glumes 2 or 3, similar to the upper bracteoles but slightly shorter, broadly ovate, acute or apiculate, slightly pubescent, the margins ciliate; flowering glumes 4 to 6, broadly ovate, about 9 mm. long, 7 mm. wide, coriaceous, the apex short apiculate or acute, pubescent, the margins ciliate, the upper ones longer than the lower and the uppermost enclosing an imperfect flower. Palea slightly shorter than the glumes, the two keels ciliate. Stamens 6; filaments united into a tube; anthers linear, exserted, 7 to 8 mm. long, glabrous, apiculate. Ovary pilose; style elongated, pilose. Cuyo (14 F'. Lamson-Scribner) December, 1902. The material is rather imperfect, there being no culm sheaths with the specimen, and no notes as to the size of the culms or the length of the inflores- se an —_— 391 cence. It does not agree with any of the species of Bambusa described by Blanco, so far as I can determine from Blanco’s descriptions. It is well characterized by its somewhat glaucous and slightly pubescent leaves, elongated panicle branches and somewhat pubescent spikelets, there being from three to eight spikelets in each fascicle. (71) SCHIZOSTACHYUM Nees. Spikelets 1-flowered, narrow-lanceolate, in remote, often dense fascicles along the panicle branches. Empty glumes 4 to 6, acuminate, gradually larger upwards. Stamens 6, free. Erect or scandent shrubs with slightly branched or simple infloresence. Species about 15, southern Asia to Malaya, Polynesia, and the Sandwich Islands; three or more in the Philippines. J. Mouth. or leat-sheaths long-ellidte mses ve ee (1) S. acutiflorum Damoucn.ofvicet-aheaths glabrous. .......0.:...82.2.5 ee ee ee (2) S. dielsianum (1) Schizostachyum acutiflorum Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26 (1868 ) 137; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 324; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 294; Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 159; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892) 168. Dinochloa major Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 149. Schizostachyum blumei F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 3247 non Nees. Dinochloa diffusa Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 29 pro parte. PHILIPPINES (544 Cuming). Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (75, 519 Whitford) April, July, 1904; (1261, 2731 Borden) July, 1904, March, 1905; (2550, 3297 Merrill) June, October, 1903; Dinalupijan (1477, 1474, 1528 Merrill) January, February, 1903. Minporo, Bongabong River (3740 Merritt) March, 1906, Endemic. } I am not able to distinguish Dinoehloa major Pilger from Schizostachyum acutiflorum Munro, duplicate types of both species being before me. I consider the plant to be a Schizostachyum rather than a Dinochloa. (2) Schizostachyum dielsianum (Pilger). Dinochloa dielsiana Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl]. Philip. (1904) 148. Dinochloa diffusa Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 7; Philip. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 29, pro parte. Bambusa diffusa Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 289; ed. 2 (1845) 287; ed. 3, 1 (1877) 334? Luzon, Province of Pampanga (1408 Merrill) March, 1903: Province of Zam- bales (388 Maule) March, 1904: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (6092 Leiberg) July, 1904. Minporo, Baco River (279 McGregor) April, 1905. Patra- WAN (Paragua) (711 Merrill) February, 1903; (3548 Curran) January, 1906. Endemic. A species very close to the preceding, distinguished mainly by its glabrous, not long fimbriate sheath apices, and a Schizostachyum rather than a Dinochloa. I had previously taken up Blanco’s specific name diffusa for this species, and may have been correct in doing so, but as his description apparently applies as well to the preceding species as to the present one, it is perhaps best to diseard Bambusa diffusa as an unrecognizable species. S (3) Schizostachyum sp. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6173 Hlmer) April, 1904: Province of Cagayan, Tuguegarao (Williamson) February, 1906. An undescribed species, teste Hackel in lit. In addition to the above species, two or three others of this genus are represented in our herbarium by imperfect material. 392 (72) DINOCHLOA Buse. Spikelets very small, 1-flowered, in distant small fascicles or scattered along the branches of a very large panicle. Empty glumes 3 or 2, obtuse. Flowering glume one, similar to the empty glumes. A scan- dent shrub. Species two, Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago; one in the Philippines. (1) Dinochloa scandens (Blume) 0. Kuntze Rey. Gen, Pi, (1891). 778, Bambusa scandens Blume ex Nees in Flora 7 (1824) 291, Nastus tjangkorreh Schultes Syst. Veg. 7° (1830) 1358; Kunth Enum. 1 (1833) 4380; Steud. Syn. 1 (1855) 333. Dinochloa tjankorreh Biise in Mig. Pl. Jungh. (1855) 388; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 415; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 324; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soe. 26 (1868) 153. pl. 5; Vidal Cat. Pl. Prov, Manila (1880) 48; Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 96. f. @.; Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 159; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 294; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892) 186; Pilger in Perk. Frag. FI. Philip. (1904) 150; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 29; Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard, Caleutta 6 (1896) 112. PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa (276 Bermejos) January, 1906; Casuarina Point (621 Foxworthy) March, 1906. BaLaBac (447 Mangubat) March, 1906. Ba- SILAN (2977, 3980, 3981 Hutchinson) February, 1906, MItNboRO, Bongabong River (3701, 4066 Merritt) March, 1906. Minpanao, Davao (1239 Copeland) April, 1904: Province of Surigao (319 Bolster) April, 1906. Malaya. Var. angustifolia (Hackel) D. tjankorreh var. angustifolia Hack, in herb. Foliis parvis, 4 ad 17 em. longis, 0.5 ad 1.5 em. latis. Puivippines (637 Cuming). Luzon, Province of: Bataan, Lamao (2102 Borden) November, 1904: Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (5145 Merrill) Mareh, 1906. Minvoro, Pola (2224 Merrill) May, 1903. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (1239 Copeland) April, 1904. BASILAN (Hallier) January, 1904. Distinguished from the type by its very much smaller leaves, but intermediate forms occur. Munro gives leaf measurements that include this narrow-leave | form in the species, but the measurements given by Gamble do not include it. DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES OF BAMBUSE-%. BEESHA RHEEDID Kunth; Vidal Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 48; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1883) 324. Above records for this species from the Philippizes never verified, probably erroneous identifications Melocanna bambusoides Trin., a species of British India and one not to be expected in the Philippines. CEPHALOSTACHYUM CAPITATUM Munro. Credited to the Philippines by F.- Villar, Nov. App. (1883) 324. A species of British India, not to be expected in the Philippines. DENDROCALAMUS GIGANTEUS Munro. Credited to the Philippines by F-Villar Nov. App. (1883) 324, who states that he saw cultivated specimens. Possibly cultivated in the Philippines, but if so, rarely. The “giant bamboo” of British India. DENDROCALAMUS LATIFORUS Munro. Credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar Noy. App. (1883) 324, who states that he saw cultivated specimens. A species of Formosa, southern China, and Burma, F.-Villar’s record from the Philippines not verified. The figure given by Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 96. f. B, was not drawn from Philippine material, but was copied from the plate in Munro’s monograph, teste Vidal 1. ¢. p. 42. OXYTENANTHERA sp. Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (1892) 185. An undetermined species of which I have seen no specimens. O Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page LES. Page Page Page Page Page ERRATA. 2, line 25, for lithographic read lithologie. 9, line 32, for Simplocacex read Symplocacee. 20, line 10, for flossiger read flocciger. 22, line 16, for Malay read Malaya. 86, line 14, for P. read T. 91, line 24, for N. read M. 97, line 14, for ewmingiana read duodecandra. 101, line 13, for cumingii read perrottetiana. 170, line 30, for Luzon read the Philippines. 277, line 15, for Strinz read Streinz. 279, line 17, for DITHIDEALES read DOTHIDEALES. 281, line 39, for USTALAGINALES read USTILAGINA- 285, for Deadalia and Daedalia read Daedalea. 287, line 6, for HAPLOPILUS read HAPALOPILUS. 287, line 29, for GLEOPHYLLUM read GLOEPHYLLUM. 290, line 11, for AGARACALES read AGARICALES. 292, line 28, for DEUTERONYCETA read DEUTEROMYCETE. =) ~ PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES—Concluded. (Concluded from second page of cover.) No 82, 1905.—Biological Laboratory: 1. Intestinal Hemorrhage as a Fatal Complication in Ameebic Dysentery and Its Association with Liver Abscess. By Richard P. Pee M. D. II. The Action of Various Chemical Substances upon Cultures of Amebe. By J. Thomas, M. D., Baguio, Benguet. Biological and Serum Laboratories: III. The Pathology of In- testinal Amebiasis. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D., and W. EB. Musgrave, M. D. No. 88, 1905, Biological Laboratory. Further Observations on Fibrin Thrombosis in the Glomerular and in Other Renal Vessels in Bubonic Plague. By Maximilian Herzog, M. D. No. 84, 1905.—I. Birds from Mindoro and Small Adjacent Islands. II. Notes on Three Rare Luzon Birds. By Richard C. McGregor. 3 No. 85, 1905.—I. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, IV. II. Notes on Cuming’s Philippine Plants in the Herbarium of the Bureau of ‘Government Laboratories. III. Hackel, “Notes on Philippine Grasses. ” IV. Ridley, es olin. agg Philippinenses.” V. Clarke, Piety peat Acanthacez.”’ By Elmer D. Merrill, Botani No. A Hand-List of the Birds of the Philippine Telands. By Richard C. McGregor and Dean C. Worcester. The previous publications of the Bureau were given out as bulletins in serial number pertaining to the entire Bureau. These publications, if they are castes, can be obtained by applying to the librarian of ae Bureau of Science, Manila, PF. 4.,.0F to the Director of the Bureau of Science, Manila, P, I. “ LIST oF PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE MINING BUREAU (NOW DIVISION ' OF MINES OF THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE). 1890.—Destripci6n fisica, geol6gica y minera en bosquejo de la Isla de Panay por D. Enrique Abella y bowrah to. 2 Inspector General de Minas del Archipiélago. 1890.—Memoria persieh AL de los manantiales minero-medicinales de la Isla de Luzon, estudiados por la comisi6n compuesta de los Sefiores D. José Centano, Ingeniero de Minas y Vocal Presidente, D. Anacleto del Rosario y Sales, Vocal Farmacéutico, y D. José de Vera y Gémez, Vocal Médico. 1893.—Estudio ene oy de algunas manantiales minerales de Filipinas ejecutado por la comisién formada por D. Enrique Abella y Casariego, Inspector General de Minas, D. José de Vera y G6mez, Médico, y D. Anacleto del Rosario y Sales, Farmacéutico ; precedido de un prélogo escrito por el Excmo. Sr. D. Angel de Avilés, Director General de Administraci6n Civil. 1893.—Terremotos experimentados en la Isla de Luzén durante los meses de Marzo y Abril de 1892, especialmente desastrosos en Pangasinan, Uni6n y Benguet. WHstudio ejecutado por D. Enrique Abella y Casariego, Inspector General de Minas del Archipiélago. 1901.—The Coal Measures of the Philippines. Charles H. Burritt. sere -—Abstract of the Mining Laws (in force in the Philippines, 1902). Charles H. 1908 coRepart at Soo Chief of the Mining Bureau of the Philippine Islands. Charles H. Tritt. 1908, Bulletin No. 2 Complete List of Spanish Mining Claims Recorded in the Mining Bureau. Charles H. Burrit 1908, Bulletin No, v3.-—Teport on a Pipes Reconnoissance of the Iron Region of A sat, Bulacan. H. D. McCaskey, B. 8 904.—Fifth conte” Report of the Mining Bureau. H. D. McCaskey. 1905.—Sixth Annual Report of the Chief of the Mining Bureau. H. D. McCaskey. 1905, Bulletin No. 4.—A_ Preliminary pe ec of the Mancayan-Suyoc Mineral Region, Lepanto, P. I. A. J. Eveland, Geologist. 1905, Sasetecia No. 5.—The Coal Deposits of Batan Island. Warren D. Smith, B. §., ogis ‘The above el one oA can be obtained by applying to the librarian of the Bureau of Science, Manila, P -Bur 1 The first four bulletins in the ornithological series were published by The Ethnological Survey under. the title “Bulletins of the Philippine Museum,”’ The other ornithological erie of the Government appeared as publications of the Bureau of Government ratories. CONTENTS" = - MERRILL, E. D. An Enumeration of Philippine ~ Graminez with Keys to Genera and Species... 307 2 Title Page, Table of Contents, and Index to Sup- plements of Volume I. b _ The ‘Philippine Journal of Science” is issued in approximately ten numbers a year. __ Authors receive 100 copies of their paper free. Copies of reprints, if available, cits: ‘may be purchased at 25 cents, United States currency, for each number. Where an artiole runs through several numbers of the ‘‘Journal’’ and the reprint is bound as - one number, the cost of each reprint will be one-third the cost of the number of _ issues of the “Journal” involved. . ‘The subscription price is $5, United States currency, per year; single number, 15 cents; Supplements, 50 cents. Subscriptions =») be sent to the DIRECTOR OF. ee Manila, P. I. : oon Soe weVios > ak ies ? . : = ° > : | FOREIGN AGENTS. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 64-66 Fifth Avenue, New York, s Messrs. WM. WESLEY & SON, 28 Essex Street, Strand, London, W.C. Messrs. 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