JOURNAL | PROCEEDINGS ROYAL SOCIE! ~ NEW SOUTH WALES, ~ 1881. EDITED BY : A. LIVERSIDGE, _ Professor of Chemistry and Mineralogy in the University THE AUTHORS OF PAPERS AR NOTICE. The Smithsonian Institute, Washington, U.S.A, and Messrs. Tritbner & Co., 57, Ludgate Hill, London, have kindly undertaken to receive and forward parcels of books and printed matter intended for the Society. Donations To THE Buitpine Funp oF THE Roya Society oF New Sourn WaALtgs. £a.-d, oe Aes Contributions as per original list ... a a sheik stmt eee aor Hi; during 1880... 25 ut ve st ne OR ae 1881. Abbott, J. P. Brindley, Thomas Brown, H. J. Dixon, W. A. (total Sano: £5 bs 2) De Salis, L. W., jun. (total donation, eu Is. We Griffiths, F. C. (total donation, £10 5s.) Hirst, G. D. Hunt, Rober’, (total ‘identine, ‘7 Ts. ) Leibius, Dr. (total donation, £7 7s.) Liversidge, Professor (total donation, £12 2s. 2 Moore, Charles (total ‘Ditiabions: £7 2s. br: Russell, H. C., B.A. (total donation, eld ee Smith, The Hon. J., C.M.G., &c. (total dona- tion; £6 1s.):... a ey: : = Lee eee I cee oo oe coe) Od Le ee ee oO 2:0 © 6 @:°O@ ©-6 60 So: oO By 1204 Ward, J. W. (total donation, £11 6s.) ... Rec eee aie Rg Wilkinson, C. 8S. (total donation, £7 7s,) ee ES 8 Wright, H. G. A., M.R.C.S.E. (total donation, C7182). oe ay rhe oes de dey | Cee 2 4 0 wae £1,198.) 28 Annual Subscriptions promised. ; Be & mids he - “Dian, W. A., F:C,8.:. eo ee V sae . Hirst, G. D. a se a We es - OS aaa Mess Hunt, Robert, FG. oS ke, ae Ge ae site Me LW Leibius, Dr., F.C.8., &c. a Ae ei aversidge, Professor, F.C.S., oe lid 6. ae? bie Se ae we es) Ee Mes hictee F.LS. ren hy ee i Bi Wes: a ae ois “Russell, H. C., B.A., FRAS., &e. (ete Oe ae Smith, The Hon. J., C.M.G., &e. fis ie Wilkinson, C. S., F.G.S 1 2G . L-be “Wright, H. G. A., MRC 18.5. A cooooF ecocococos \ Contribution from the Society’s Funds se JOURNAL . PROCEEDINGS BOY AE SOCTE sie | NEW SOUTH Wares edn | oIBBT: aia : x is ‘ oe f | : F 2 “ eS ie tae * ee ee ae tis 4 : « ya adr ae M : ee 5 fe : \ ; : Ake we EDI TED BY i Mi : eee: A. LIVERSIDGE, - Professor of Chemistry and Mineralogy in the University of Sydney. f z bee | ME ACTORS oF arene Ane ARE ALONE RESPO neerons Soe er ae B AND THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED SED THEREIN. : ‘ ‘ ss _ AGENTS. FoR < Co., NOTICE. Tue Royat Society of New South Wales originated in 1821 as the ‘‘ Philosophical Society of Australasia” ; after an interval of inactivity, it was resuscitated in 1850, under the name of the “ Australian Philosophical Society,” by which title it was known until 1856, when the name was changed to the ‘‘ Philosophical Society of New South Wales”; and finally, in 1866, by the sanction of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, it assumed its present title. CONTENTS. VOLUME XV. Art. I.—List or OFFIcers ART. II.—Acr or IncorPporatTion Arr. III.—Rutzs, and List of Members Arr. IV.—ANnNIVERSAR Sivecr op By Hom. Professor Smith, C.M.G., &e., &e.; Presiden Art. V.—The Climate of Toy By Hy. Ling Roth, obs M. 8. (Diagram) . &e. ART. VI.—Notes of a a ee Pe : ' Abbott, Wingen, N.S.W —Astronomy of the Australian Aborigines. By the “Ker. Peter MacPherson, M.A. 2 The Spectrum and Appearance ofthe recent Comet. Cc. “eng eepaes ent Astron ART Seca of Paes Hines 8th, meee _ Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S., Government Astrono . “Arr. XI. —On the Inorganic Constituents of some Spiny ss _ Ferns. » By W. A. Dixon, F.LO., F.C.S. ee . XIIT.—Census of the Genera of Plants hitherto kien as” ‘Baron Ferd. ‘von. ‘Mueller, ECMG, MD. Ph.D., Be Ss. . ge ce cee came CONTENTS. oy ‘ y ' # _~« PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS see rerine PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SECTIONS. On the Star Lacaille 2145, By Jobn Tebbutt, F.R.A.S. On the Variable Star R. Carine. By John Tebbutt, F,R.A. S. On oe for Longitude at Lambie. By W. J. The Orbit-Elements of Comet II, 1881. By John Tebbutt, As Insanity eee ? By F. Norton Manning, M.D....... AppeNpiIx: Abstract of the Meteorological Observations at the Sy ee Blea vaktry. H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S, - Raryrart Mar or New Sours Watzs for the year 1881. H. c. ussell, B.A., F.R.AS, List or PUBLICATIONS InpEex 423 437 a4, Oe Royal Soviely of Alety South ; OFFICERS FOR 1881-82. HONORARY PRESIDENT sire Na — < AIS EXCELLENCY Tun io Hoy. LORD AUGUSTUS LOFTUS, i. &0., wate &o. H. C. RUSSELL, B.A., FR.AS., FMLS., &c. ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES INCORPORATION. An Act to incorporate a Society called ‘*The © = Royal Society of New South Wales.” [16 | December, 1881. | nie 6 mer eres a Society called (with the ants of Her Preamble - é Most Gracious Majesty the Queen) “ yal Society of New South Wales” has under certain ate and and me Baellncy ath Right Honcrabis Lond Kergranting Loftus P.C. ‘i G.C.B. eg President The Honorable John Smith i. * C.M.G. M.D. LL.D. President and Charles Moore hee ‘y of Great Britain and Ireland Honorary An. eee Fellow of the Institute of Chemistry = reat Britain and Ireland G. D. Hirst Esqu ; ~ Charles a Wilkinson. Esquire Government Gleoloiiat - Members of the Council And whereas it is expedient that | e powe: inafter contai it therefore enacted by the Queen’s nae Excellent Majesty _ by and with the advice and consent of t egislative Council — and Legislative Assembly of New South Wales i in Parliament assembled and by the authority of the same as follows :— ati 1. For the purposes of this Act the following words in i inverted commas shall unless the context ee nee indicate bear the meaning set against them respectiv a “ Corporation” the Society hereby Seapentd ae “Council” the Members of the Council at any duly con- vened meeting thereof at which a quorum according —_ to the by-laws at the time being shall be present “i “Secretary” such person or either one of such persons who shall for the time being be the Secretary or Secretaries honora ary or herve of the said Society (saving and excepting any Assistant Secretary ea the said Soci ety Ae : Officers and Members of the said Ser hs for the time qe and all persons who shall in manner provided by the rules. a Le _ and by-laws for the time being of the said Society become members thereof shall be for the purposes hereinafter hey mentioned a body corporate by the name or style of “The — Royal Society - of New South Wales” and by that name shall and may have al si xv or may be inconsistent or incompatible with or repugnantto the provisions of this Act or mi of the laws now or ~ hereafter to be in bigs in the said Co. pi an Ror had er shall have power to sass and sl ton oo iy ever nature now belonging to the said Society under the - said rules and by-laws or vested in Trustees for them — ae - on the passing ef this Act be vested in and becom property of the said Corporation subject = all charges gas and demands in anywise affecting the sa 5. ordinary business of the sr in reference ordi a its property shall be managed by the Council and it shall wful for individual members to interfere in a way in ‘the management of the affairs of the Corpora’ te a except y the rules and by-laws for the time being shall . | be esl seravite ed. ate 6. The Council shall have the general management and Powersot superintendence of the affairs of the ( Corporation.and except- Come! ing the appointment of President and Vice-Presidents and nae _ other honorary officers who shall be appointed as the by-laws’ ss of apie: (eps shall from time to time pale the Council me sh the niagara of all o d servan fe the Galeries ca officers. ee that if a vacancy shall occur in the Council during any current year of the Society's proceedings it shall be lawful for the Council to elect a member of the Society to fill such vacancy for the {unexpired portion of the then current year The Council may also purchase or rent land houses or offices and erect cg re = ‘money for purposes of the Corporation on mortgages of _ "the real and chattel property of the Gacpdiation orany part _ thereof or may borrow money without security provided that _ the senate SO borrowed without security shall never exceed . int & Ae and agree to the covenants paver and authorities = ve alah ponte in the securities aforesai ae ual thereto in ao but shall not be or deeds may be req dens on behalf of the Corporation but it shall not be neces sary neh use the oo — in ss age of the ordinary business ~~ of the Corpora for the appointment of their ae Snviniice Soticitor ¢ or nora aivets 9. The production of a. biked’ or written copy of sites rules and by-laws of the Loeporatii certified in writing by. the Sec: been. made under the authority of this In case any of the elections sisal by the rules on : be competent to the Council or to the members as the : may be to make such elections ae at any ordinary — Hees of the Council or at any annual or tea general” INDEX TO RULES. Annual General Meeting... ves sis uot oe ves ws. OE Annual Report ye ie — wo ee vat ae Auditors and Audit ‘of ‘ie: Su pe ae ve Scset oe Admission of Visitors .., Soe ae ae “oe ens ove ae ¥3 of Members .. ce on ve rr = Annual Subscription x = ive eve eos sa + 9,12 ms in arrears ... ees ee « es Pa Ballot, diaction by, ot Officers and Council ae A : Members and Corresponding M Meher iss Oy Ae ‘A majority of Sanelifths necessary ee ve Oy Business, po: of os es wae se ee Branch Societies ... it a _ is ie oye, Se Cabinets or Cis ons . a sé we re oxi ie Oe, Contributions to the Society ae “ ie éve wi ee ae Corresponding Members .. ee oe ies is ee gee ae Quorum “ ee acs wes ci He ee detiAitis for on ae — oe aes aes Se 8 Committees or Sections ... nu = nae on oe re ie Chairman . ae wai can ve : 33 Documents .. see i ae rom ee ection of new ee wes sae me cea pe -- 8-12 » Notification of ... ene ae pe oe ies ae Ae trance Fee ies oa ae ae soe wae os io ke En Expulsion of Members... os ees cas ce ae see Fees and Subscriptions ... wes vos eee ons = et 9 Honorary Members +e ats te ms ae ee RE Library Metin, Orinery Gon te o pe eon a ae is ee sae ese Money Grants... te re = oe ae = : Object of the Society ... one fee wes ie oe 3 ‘ion of .. ese : ae ss = ise » Vacancies sttiongat vie aa oa we es ove Order xe! Business ive se ig on ove Presiden ; “re * ss ve wee Pidperty of the Sovi ve ee ay bas Quorum at the naira Meeting: » for the Election of Officers ant of new y Manibers poe ve m Sections ... ive live is Gas vee Resignations . Se ave oie oe eve oe , Alteratio “ ea wae eae Pr sae ineers, Appointment of... ee eve rie “os Sections, Membership of ... Be si ia ve wae or Committ ise wa ye sie eae ios - Secretaries, Pane Duties of ae Sk aes tie ies ry Subserptions Vacancies in dai at ‘ie Ses ae 6 oe RULES. (Revised October 1st, 1879.) Object of the Society. I. The object of the Society is to receive at its stated meetings original papers on Science, Art, Literature, and Philosophy, and especially on such subjects as tend to develop the resources of Australia, and to illustrate its Natural History and Productions. Honorary President. II. The Governor of New South Wales shall be ex officio Honorary President of the Society. Other Officers. Ill. The other Officers of the Society shall consist of a President, who shall hold office for one year only, but shall be eligible for re-election after the lapse of one year; two Vice- Presidents, a Treasurer, and one or more Secretaries, who, with six other Members, shall constitute a Council for the management of the affairs of the Society. Election of Officers and Council. IV. The President, Vice-Presidents, Secretaries, Treasurer, and the six other Members of Council, shall be elected annually by ballot at the General Meeting in the month of May. Y. Tt shall be the duty of the Council each year to prepare a list containing the names of members whom they recommend for election to the respective offices of President, Vice-Presidents, Hon. Secretaries and Hon. Treasurer, together with the names of six other members whom they recommend for election as ordinary members of Council. . The names thus recommended shall be proposed at one meeting of the Council, and agreed to at a subsequent meeting, ._ xx Such list shall be suspended in the Society’s Rooms, and a copy hall be sent to each ordinary member not less than fourteen days — before the day appointed for the Annual General Meeting. VI. Each member present at the Annual General Meeting shall have the power to alter the list of names recommended by the Council, by adding to it the names of any eligible members not already included in it and removing from it an equivalent number of names, and he shall use this list with or without such alterations as a balloting list at the election of Officers and Council The name of each member voting shall be entered into a book, kept for that purpose, by two Scrutineers elected by the members present. No ballot for the election of Members of Council, or of New Members, shall be valid unless twenty members at least shall record their votes. Vacancies in the Council during the year. c: VII. Any vacancies occurring in the Council of Management — during the year may be filled up by the Council. Candidates for admission, VII. Candidates must be at least twenty-one years of age. Every candidate for admission as an ordinary member of the — Society shall be recommended according to a prescribed form of certificate by not less than three members, to two of whom the — candidate must be personally known. : Such certificate must set forth the names, place of residence, — and qualifications of the candidate. ‘a The certificate shall be read at the three Ordinary General — Meetings of the Society next ensuing after its receipt, and during the intervals between those three meetings, it shall be ‘suspended in a conspicuous place in one of the rooms of the Society. a xxi The vote as to admission shall take place by ballot, at the Ordinary General Meeting at which the certificate is appointed to be read the third time, and immediately after such reading. At the ballot the assent of at least four-fifths of the members yoting shall be requisite for the admission of the candidate. Entrance Fee and Subscriptions. IX. The entrance money paid by members on their admission shall be Two Guineas; and the annual subscription shall be Two Guineas, payable in advance ; but members elected prior to December, 1879, shall be required to pay an annual subscription of One Guinea only as heretofore. The amount of ten annual payments may be paid at any time as a life composition for the ordinary annual payment. New Members to be informed of their election. X. Every new member shall receive due notification of his election, and be supplied with a copy of the obligation (No. 3 in Appendix), together with a copy of the Rules of the Society, a - list of members, and a card of the dates of meeting. Members shall sign Rules—Formal admission. XI. Every member who has complied with the preceding Rules shall at the first Ordinary General Meeting at which he shall be present sign a duplicate of the aforesaid obligation in a book to be kept for that purpose, after which he shall be presented by some member to the Chairman, who, addressing him by name, shall say :—“In the name of the Royal Society of New South ‘Wales I admit you a member thereof.” Annual subscriptions, when due. XII. Annual subscriptions shall become due on the Ist of May for the year then commencing. The entrance fee and first year’s subscriptiori of a new member shall become due on the — day of his election. ts _ Members whose subscriptions are unpaid not to enjoy privileges. XII. An elected member shall not be entitled to attend the meetings or to enjoy any privilege of the Society, nor shall his name be printed in the list of the Society, until he shall haye paid his admission fee and first annual subscription, and have returned to the Secretaries the obligation signed by himself. Subscriptions in arrears. XIV. Members who have not paid their subscriptions for the current year, on or before the 31st of May, shall be informed of the fact by the Hon. Treasurer, No member shall be entitled to yote or hold office while his subscription for the previous year remains unpaid. The name of any member who shall be two years in arrears with his subscriptions shall be erased from the list of members, but such member may be re-admitted on giving a satisfactory explanation to the Council, and on payment of arrears. At the meeting held in July, and at all subsequent meetings for the year, a list of the names of all those members who are in 4 arrears with their annual subscriptions shall be suspended in the 4 Rooms of the Society. Members shall in such cases be informed that their names have been thus posted. | Resignation of Members. ; 4 XV. Members who wish to resign their membership of the — Society are requested to give notice in writing to the Honorary a Secretaries, and are required to return all books or other property — belonging to the Society. 7 XVI. A majority of members present at any ordinary meet- ing shall have power to expel an obnoxious member from the Society, provided that a resolution to that effect has been moved - and seconded at the previous ordinary meeting, and that due notice of the same has been sent in writing to the member question, within a week after the meeting at which such resolution has been brought forward, ae | | | Expulsion of Members. 7 : i aes Honorary Members. XVII. The Honorary Members of the Society shall be persons who haye been eminent benefactors to this or some other o the Australian Colonies, and distinguished patrons and promoters of the objects of the Society. Every person proposed as an Honorary Member must be recommended by the Council and elected by the Society. Honorary Members shall be exempted from payment of fees and contributions: they may attend the meetings of the Society, and they shall be furnished with copies of the publications of the Society, but they shall have no right to hold office, to vote, or otherwise interfere in the business of the Society. The number of Honorary Members shall not at any one time exceed twenty, and not more than two Honorary Members shall be elected in any one year. Corresponding Members. XVIII. Corresponding Members shall be persons, not resident in New South Wales, of eminent scientific attainments, who may have furnished papers or otherwise promoted the objects of the Society. Corresponding Members shall be recommended by the Council, and be balloted for in the same manner as ordinary Members. Corresponding Members shall possess the same privileges only as Honorary Members. “The number of Corresponding Members shall not exceed twenty-five, and not more than three shall be elected in any one Ordinary General Meetings. XIX. An Ordinary General Meeting of the Royal Society, to be convened by public advertisement, shall take place at 8 p.m., on the first Wednesday in every month, during the last eight — months of the year; subject to alteration by the Council with due notice. prise + thes Xxiv Order of Business. XX. At the Ordinary General Meetings the business shall be transacted in the following order, unless the Chairman specially decide otherwise :— 1—Minutes of the preceding Meeting. 2—New Members to enrol their names and be introduced. 3—Ballot for the election of new Members. 4—Candidates for membership to be proposed. 5—Business arising out of Minutes. -6—Communications from the Council. 7—Communications from the Sections. 8—Donations to be laid on the Table and acknowledged. 9—Correspondence to be read. 10—Motions from last Meeting. 11—Notices of Motion for the next Meeting to be given in. 12—Papers to be read. 138—Discussion. 14—Notice of Papers for the next Meeting. Annual General Meeting —Annual Reports. XXI. A General Meeting of the Society shall be held annually in May, to receive a Report from the Council on the state of the Society, and to elect Officers for the ensuing year. The Treasurer shall also at this meeting present the annual financial statement. Admission of Visitors. _ XXID. Every ordinary member shall have the privilege of introducing two friends as visitors to an Ordinary General Meeting of the Society or its Sections, on the following con- Alitions :-— 1. That the name and residence of the visitors, together with the name of the member introducing them, be entered in a book at the time. 2. That they shall not have attended two consecutive — meetings of the Society or of any of its Sections in the — current year, The Council shall have power to introduce visitors, i } of the above restrictions, XIV Council Meetings. XXIII. Meetings of the Council of Management shall take place on the last Wednesday in every month, and on such other days as the Council may determine. Absence from Meetings of Council.— Quorum. XXIV. Any member of the Council absenting himself from three consecutive meetings of the Council, without giving a satis- factory explanation in writing, shall be considered to have vacated his office. No business shall be transacted at any meeting of the Council unless three members at least are present. Duties of Secretaries. XXY. The Honorary Secretaries shall perform, or shall cause the Assistant Secretary to perform, the following duties :— 1. Conduct the correspondence of the Society and Council. 2. Attend the General Meetings of the Society and the meetings of the Council, to take minutes of the pro- ceedings of such meetings, and at the commencement of such to read aloud the minutes of the preceding meeting. 3. At the Ordinary Meetings of the members, to announce the presents made to the Society since their last meeting ; to read the certificates of candidates for admission to the Society, and such original papers communicated to the Society as are not read by their respective authors, and the letters addressed to it. 4. To make abstracts of the papers read at the Ordinary General Meetings, to be inserted in the Minutes and printed in the Proceedings. 5. To edit the Transactions of the Society, and to superintend the making of an Index for the same. 6. To be responsible for the arrangement and safe custody of the books, maps, plans, specimens, and other property _ of the Society. XXvi 7. To make an entry of all books, maps, plans, pamphlets, &e., in the Library Catalogue, and of all presentations to the Society in the Donation Book. 8. To keep an account of the issue and return of books, &c., borrowed by members of the Society, and to see that the borrower, in every case, signs for the same in — the Library Book. 9. To address to every person elected into the Society a printed copy of the Forms Nos. 2 and 8 (in the Appendix), together with a list of the members, a copy of the Rules, and a card of the dates of meeting; and — to acknowledge all donations made to the Society, by Form No. 6. 10. To cause due notice to be given of all Meetings of the Society and Council. 11. To be in attendance at 4 p.m. on the afternoon of __ Wednesday in each week during the session. 12. To keep a list of the attendances of the members of the Council at the Council Meetings and at the ordinary General Meetings, in order that the same may be laid before the Society at the Annual General Meeting held . in the month of May. The Honorary Secretaries shall, by mutual agreement, divide the performance of the duties above enumerated. a The Honorary Secretaries. shall, by virtue of their office, be is -members of all Committees appointed by the Council. 2 Xxvii Management of Funds. XXVII. The funds of the Society shall be lodged at a Bank named by the Council of Management. Claims against the Society, when approved by the Council, shall be paid by the Treasurer. All cheques shall be countersigned by a member of the Council. Money Grants. XXVIII. Grants of money in aid of scientific purposes from the funds of the Society—to Sections or to members—shall expire on the 1st of November in each year. Such grants, if not expended, may be re-voted. XXIX. Such grants of money to Committees and individual members shall not be used to defray any personal expenses which a member may incur. Audit of Accounts. ASS Two Auditors shall be appointed annually, at an Meeting, to audit the Treasurer’s Accounts. The accounts as audited to be laid before the Annual nee in May. Property of the Society to be vested in the President, Sc. XXXI. All property whatever belonging to the Society shall be vested in the President, Vice-Presidents, Hon. Treasurer, and Hon. Secretaries for the time being, in trust for the use of the Society ; but the Council shall have control over the disburse- ments of the funds and the management of the property of the Society. SEcTIONS. XXXII. To allow those members of the Societr who devote attention to particular branches of science fuller opportunities and facilities of meeting and working together with fewer formal — : s ul XXVili restrictions than are necessary at the general Monthly Meetings of the Society,—-Sections or Committees may be established in the following branches of science :— Section A.—Astronomy, Meteorology, Physics, Mathematics, and Mechanics, Section B.—Chemistry and Mineralogy, and their applicatio™ to the Arts and Agriculture. Section O.—Geology and Palxontology. Section oe i.e., Botany and Zoology, including Hutotnaloety Seetion H.—Microscopical Science. Section F.—Geography and Ethnology. Section G.—Literature and the Fine Arts, including Architecture. Section H.—Medical. Section I—Sanitary and Social Science and Statistics. Section Committees—Card of Meetings. XXXII. The first meeting of each Section shall be appointed by the Council. At that meeting the members shall elect their own Chairman, Secretary, and a Committee of four ; and arrange the days and hours of their future meetings. A card showing the dates of each meeting for the current year shall be printed for distribution amongst the members of the Society. Membership of Sections. XXXIV. Only members of the Society shall have the privilege of joining any of the Sections. Reports from Sections. XXXV. There shall be for each Section a Chairman to preside at the meetings, and a Secretary to keep minutes of the pro- ceedings, who shall jointly prepare and forward to the Hon. Secretaries of the Society, on or before the 7th of December in each year, a report of the proceedings of the Section during that year, in order that the same may be transmitted to the Council. °. Reports, XXXVI. It shall be the duty of the President, Vice-Presidents, and Honorary Secretaries to annually examine into and report to the Council upon the state of— 1. The Society’s house and effects. 2. The keeping of the official books and correspondence. 3. The library, including maps and drawings. 4, The Society’s cabinets and collections. Cabinets and Collections. XXXVII. The keepers of the Society’s cabinets and collec- tions shall give a list of the contents, and report upon, the condition of the same to the Council annually. Documents. XXXVIII. The Honorary Secretaries and Honorary Treasurer shall see that all documents relating to the Society’s property, the obligations given by members, the policies of insurance, and other securities shall be lodged in the Society’s iron chest, the contents of which shall be inspected by the Council once in every year; a list of such contents shall be kept, and such list shall be signed by the President or one of the Vice-Presidents at the annual inspection. Branch Societies. XXXIX. The Society shall have power to form Branch So- cieties in other parts of the Colony. Library. XL. The members of the Society shall have access to, and shall be entitled to borrow books from the Library, under such regulations as the Council may think necessary. Alteration of Rules. XILI. No alteration of, or addition to, the Rules of the Society shall be made unless carried at two successive General Meetings, at each of which, twenty-five members at least must be present. THE LIBRARY. 1. During the Session, the Library shall be open for consul- — tation and for the issue and return of books between 4 and6 p.m. on the afternoon of each Wednesday, and between 7 and 10 — p.m. on the evenings of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and during the recess (January to end of April) on Wednesdays, ) from 4 to 6 and 7 to 10 p.m. 2. No book shall be issued without being signed for in the Library Book. 3. Members are not allowed to have more than two volumes at a time from the Library, without special permission from one of the Honorary Secretaries, nor to retain a book for a longer — period than fourteen days; but when a book is returned by 4 member it may be borrowed by him again, provided it has not been bespoken by any other member. Books which have been bespoken shall circulate in rotation, according to priority of application. 4. Scientific Periodicals and Journals will not be lent until the volumes are completed and bound. 5. Members retaining books longer than the time specified | shall be subject to a fine of sixpence per week for each volume. 6. The books which have been issued shall be called in by the Secretaries twice a year ; and in the event of any book not being returned on those occasions, the member to whom it was issued shall be answerable for it, and shall be required to defray the cost of replacing the same. xxxi Form No. 1. Royat Socrzety or New Sovrn Wats, Certificate of a Candidate for Election. Name Qualification or occupation ddre 88 being desirous of admission into the Royal Society of New South Wales, we, the undersigned members of the Society, propose and recommend him as a proper person to become a member thereof. Dated this day of From Persona KNOWLEDGE. From GENERAL KNOWLEDGE. Signature of candidate ~~ receiv 18 certificate must be signed by at Viet three members, to two of whom candidate must be personally known. Form No. 2 Royat Socrrry or New Sovrn WaALgs. The Society’s House, Sir, Sydney, ES: aa I have the honour to inform you that you have this day been elected a member of the Royal Society of New South Wales, and I beg to forward to you a copy of the Rules of the Society, a printed copy of an obligation, a list of members, and a card announcing the dates of meeting during the present session. According to the Regulations of the Society (vide Rule No. 9), you are required to pay your admission fee of two guineas, and annual subscription of two guineas for the current year, before admission. Youarealso requested - to sign and return the enclosed form of obligation at your earliest convenience. — T have, &e., To Hon. Secretary. Form No. 3. , an Socrery or New Sovurn WALzzs. I, the — do hereby engage that I will endeavour to promote the interests and welfare of the Royal Society of New South Wales, and to observe its Rules and By-laws, as long as I shall remain a member Address . Date Form No. 4, Rovat Soctery or New Sovrm Wares. The Society’s House, Sir, Sydney, 18:34 T have the honour to inform you that your annual subscription of for the current year became due to the Royal Society of New South . Wales on the Ist of May last. It is requested that payment may be made by cheque or Post Office order drawn in favour of the Hon. Treasurer I have, &c., To Hon. Treasurer. Form No. 5, 4 Royat Socrery ory New Sourn Wats. 4 The Society’s House, 4 Sir, ydne 18. ; Tam desired by the Royal Society of New South Wales to forward to you a copy of its Journal forthe year 18 _, as a donation to the library of your Society. ‘ I am further reajuiatedl to mention that the Society will be thankful to ‘Teceive such of the very valuable publications issued by your Society as it i may feel disposed to send. I have the honour to be, : Sir, é Your most obedient servant, ; Hon. Secretary. Form No. 6. Royat Soctery or New Sovrn Waxes. The Society’s House, Sydney, 18 . "6s behalf of the Royal Society of New South Wales, I beg to acknow- ledge the receipt of and I am directed to convey to you the best thanks of the Society for your most yaluable donation. T have the honour to be, ir, Your most obedient servant, Hon. Secretary. XXXili Form No. 7. Balloting List for the Election of the Officers and Council. Royat Socrery or New Souru be iaare Batrtotine List for the election of the Officers nae Council. Present Council. Names proposed as Members of the new Council. President. Vice-Presidents. ' Hon. Treasurer. Hon. Secretaries. Members of Council. If you wish to substitute any other name in_ place of posed, -he printed name in the second column, and write Seals te hate tho thie, that w ou wish to substitute Ree P Members who have contributed Lae which have been epee in the Society's Transactions or Journal ; 4 are also included. The numerals indicate the number of such contributio + Members of =~ Council, t Life Mem! 1876 1878 1877 1878 1881 1876 ho rd LIST OF THE MEMBERS OF THE oval Society of Hew Sonth Wales. > Papers publis ed in the Transactions of the ch retains ical Society Abbott, Joseph Palmer, 6 Wentworth Court, Elizabeth-street. Abbott, Tho: Gunnedah, omas Kingsmill, P.M., Abbott, W.E., wrt. th Bi A dams, Francis, A.J.S ney. Adams, P. F., Surveyor General — Point, St. Leonards. — nder, George = arent ret-street Alger, John, Macquarie-st: Allen, The Hon. Sir Gees Wigram, M.P., Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, 124, Hlizabeth-street North. Allerding, F., Hun Allerding, H. R., Hunter-strect: Allwood, Rey. Canon, B.A. Caniab. » Vice-Chancellor, University of Sydney, —— — Wilson, M.B. Edin. , Mast. Surg. Edin., 455, Pitt- ye Robert, 218, Macquarie-street Anderson, H. C. oe M.A., Sydney ekki School. Archer, W. H., F. 3 A., Australian Club. strong, W. D., Surveyor General’s Office. Arnheim, E. H., Royal Mint, Sydney. Atchison, Cunningham Archibald, 0-E., North Shor Atherton, Ebenezer, M.R.C.S. Eng. OlGonell-stossh Austen, Henry, Hunter- street. Backhouse, Benjamin, - yee Elizabeth Bay, Backhouse, Alfred P. ia A., “Ithaca,” Elizabeth Bay. d NOTICE. Members are p ly requested t icat y change of address to the Hon. Secretaries, for which purpose this slip is inserted. Corrected Address. Name _. Titles, &e.. Address To the The Royal Society of N.S. W., XXxvi- Campbell, The Hon. Alexander, M.L.C., Woollahra Campbell, The Hon. Charles, ~~ i5C;, Clunes, South Kingston. Cameron, John, surveyor, Barringun, vid Campbell, Revd. Joseph, B. Mage iddgarville.”. Botany-street, 8 Hills. Cane, Alfred, 110, Victoria-street Cape, Alfred J., “ Torfrida,” Elizabeth Bay. iret Alfred, 185, Pitt-street. Chard, J.8., District Surveyor, rmidale Chat Willian, Parkhouse, Parramatta Chisho. M tarke, Willi Clay, William French, M.A., Cantab., = Syd., M.R.C. S. Eng., WO Clune, Michael Joseph, M.A., Lic. K. "& 'Q. Coll. Phys. Irel., Lic. R. Coll. Sur. Zrel., 12, College- -street. Codrington, John Fredk, M.R.C.S., E.; Lic. R.C. Phys., L.; C e. . B.C. Oran Collie, Revd. Robert ; The ie Manse, calg oe. cameo Newtown. Colquhoun, tleangs 3, Mona-terrace, Rushcutters’ Ba Colyer, Henry Cox, M. a , Clinton, pone oven = Colyer, John Ussher Cox, A.S.N, Company, ron omrie, James, Northfield, car ah Height onder, Wm., Survey Office, Sydney. “street. — The Hon, | Georg ifs enry, M.L.C., Mudgee, and Union 2 MF SNS Cox, James, M. D. Edin, C.M.Z.S., ¥.L.S., Hunter-stree Cracknell, E. C. _ Baperibtedaat of Telegraphs, Telegraph Office, corge-st Creed, J. M Mildred, M.R.C.S. Eng., Scone. Crou dace, Thomas, Lambton. Crummer, Henry, Rialto Terrace, —— Cunningham, Andrew, Lanyon, Queanbeyan Daintrey, Edwin, “ AZolia,” Randwi , John V., Telegraph Office, ae rge- — George e Frederick, M.R.C.S. ee Cuveal: street, Dangar, w,, Frederick H., care of Dangar, Gedye, & Co., Mac- quar Darley, Cecil West, Newcastle. Darley, F. M., M.A., Un io b, Sydney. Davenport, Samuel, Adelaide, South, oe Dean, Alexander, J. P., Elizabeth-st Deck, John Field, M.D. 251 : Mo eorge H., Bayfield, Woolwich Road, ous s Hill. Delarue, ——o i 378, = e-street De —_ 8., 3, Barrack-stre De S a Hon. Le pee Fane, M.L.C., Cuppercumbalong, Lany De Salis, ee W., junr., Strathmore, Bowen, Queensland. eS Es ee ge ee oe P8 oe | aie ay a ee d. tDixo C.8., rignty — Member Inst. of Chemistry *Bvitain and Irel., Lecturer on Chemistry, School of aes ; Chemical Tabratory, 8 School of Arts, Sydney. Dixson, Craig, M.B., C.M., Edin., M.R.C.S., Eng., 2, Clarendon Terrace, Hlizabeth- street. Dixson, Thomas, M.B., C.M., Edin., 2 Kenilworth Lodge, is- las Docker, Ernest B., M.A. gO Carhullen, Parramatta. Sole Wilfred i, _Craigstone, ’William- street South. ouglas, James, L.R.C.S. Edin te ga Glebe Road. Dowling, Neville, Wallis-street, "Wool rake, William Hedley, Fellow of = aA of Bankers, Lond., Colonial Bank of New Zealand, at N.Z Du Faur, Eccleston, F.R.G.S., Lands Office Eales, J — Duckenfield Park, Morpeth — Myles, M.R.C.S. Eng., 2, Hyde Park Terrace, Liverpool- fond Kichler, Charles F., M.D. Heidelberg, M.R.C.S. Eng., Bridge- street. Eldred, W. H., 62, Margaret-street. Elliott, F. Ww. "Blizabetle Bay. Ellis, Thomas ’ Augus tus, C.K. , City Bae Newcastle. Evans, Owen Spencer, M.R.C.S. En, “of Darling-street, Balmain. Evans, Dr. Thomas, Lady Young Terrace, Bridge-street. eg Dr. John Frazer, Carlton Terrace, Wynyard Sq hentie 5 R., 177, Macquarie-street. Fairf s B., Herald Office, Hunter-street. Finlayson, Davi anager, Union z Firth, Rev. Teak, Wesleyan Parsonage, St. Leonards. Fischer, nal F., M.D., M.R.C.S., Eng.; L.R.C.P., Lond.; 2 LS; F.R.MS. ; Mciber ‘tap. Botanical and Zoologi Society, Vienna; Corr. Member Imp. Society, vienna 251, Fitzgerald, R. D iF. L. ” Surveyor General’s Office. Flavelle, John, George-s reet. Forbes, Alexr. Leith, — re Dept. of Publie Instruction. ortescue. ee .B. Lond., F.R.C.S., F.L.S., Lyons’ Terrace. Rescinan. Joseph, MRCS. =a, L.R.C.P. ere: Lithgow. e Hon. ., M.L. g-street. bs § Frazer, Hon. Joh n, M.L.C., Yor! k-street. Fuller, Franeis J. ate Harbours and Rivers Office, Fitzroy Dock. Furber, T. F., Surveyor General’s Office. 1868 | Pi ee Gabriel, C. Louis, care of Dr. J. J. Hill, Lam Gardiner, Rey. Andrew, M.A., Rensiale =n Bridge Garnsey, Rev. C. F., Christ Church Parsonage, Sydney. Garran, Andrew, LL.D. , Sydney Morning Herald Office, Hunter- rea | Garvan, J. P., East St. Leona P2 ee Beare, Charles Townend ‘Bas tho urne,”” —— Point. George, Hugh, Sydne y Morning —— Office George, W. R, 360 Geonge-str ened, Francis, Occupation of oa Office. Giblin, Vincent W., Australian Joint Stock Bank, Sydney. Gile . WwW. 0. Greenkrowes, Potts’s Poi Gilliat, ‘Sealy Alfred, Australian Club. Gipps, F. F. B., C.E., 134, Pitt-stree Goddard, William °C. ., The Excha a New Pitt-street. Goergs, Karl W., Riviere ee ‘Woollahra amden. Graham, Hon. Wm., M.L.C., 9 emer g ao Waverley. Greaves, W. A. B., Braylesford, Bon riffi: Griffin, T. : mon Griffiths, Frederick C., Ma acqua uarie-street. Griffiths, G. Neville, The Domain , Sydney Gurney, T. T., M.A. Canéab., late Fellow ye St. aoe: College Cambridge, Professor of Mathematics and Nat al Phi. losophy, aiaebiing of Sydney. Haege, Hermann, 127, Pitt-street. Hale, Thomas, -street. Hall, aeons aT, care of W. H. Quodling, Hsq., Public Works Halligan, Gerald H., C.E., Marrickville. y, J., Hunter-street. Harcus, Lorimer E., Sydney Morning Herald Office Hargrave, Lawren ~~ 94, Upper William-strect. Harris, John, Ultim {Harrison, Mac Hart, Ludovico, Farce Faheis. aviland, E, Rats 1, 15 ee y, The Hon. Sir Jon, KOMG., MLO, AN, Aerio F the lative Co il, Rose lahra- Heaton, J. H., Zown ant Dou ni Office, Pitt- rac Helms, "Albert, Ph. D., 8 Mniv versity. Helsham. » Douglass, Heaton, Homebush. enry, James, 754 reet, Herborn, B. W. L., care of Mr. Burnell, Clapton, Forberstret 1879 xxxix Herborn, Eugene, care of Mr. Burnell, Clapton, Forbes-street. Hern, Charles E., “‘ Ellora,” — street, Woollahra, Heron, Henry, solicitor, 49, -stre Hewett, Thomas Edward, The Observatory, Sydney. Higgin ns, R. G., Clifford, Potts’s Poi Hills, Robert, Elizabeth B ay Jno. James, J.P., L.R.C.P.E., L.F.P., and §.G.L.M., = oe Ng pee le. Hitehins Raw d. Lytton, st otie Ab stapes See sein mn, Lawrence, Exchange Buildings, Pitt-s Hie, Gea ae -_ George-stree et. odgson, M.A. Owon., 8.C.L., Vice-Warden of St. Paul’s Galles, ‘onion Hodgson, Wilfred, , 67, ccs ae — Hon. ag eet M.L.C., Sutherland House, George’s Holroyd, <= Todd, M.B. Cantad., M.D. Edin., F.LS., ZS., —— GS., "biases: Scie. Sherwood Scrubs, Parra Horton, mas, Ina Terrace, Woollahra. Houten A pilrmengs B aa = C. sa 128, Phillip-street. Hume, pee tHunt, Robert, F ay ‘of the Royal School of a, London, ae “Tat of the Royal Mint, Sydney. : Inglis, James, 7 cg gre Chambers. Innes, Sir J. George L., Knt., Darlinghurst. Iredale, Lancelot, AF, Goolhi, Gunnedah. Jac _— a Levett, Bree rge dere Office. Jackson, Henry Willan, M.R.C.S. Eng., Lic. R. C. re Edin., treet Nort: ASS Jarvie, Rey. A. Milne, Uniy. Dean Edin., 13, Lower Fort- _ Jefferis, Rev. James, LL.B., “ The Retreat,’ Je — Richard Lewis , MBCS., — omens Douglass chan James W., “ Brooksby,” Double Bay. ve Jones, James A Aberdeen, Lic. B.C. Phys. Buin., Vooth-sirost, ce ain. Jones, Richard Theophilus, M.D. Sydn., L.R.C.P. Edin., Ashfield. Jones, James, : Jones, Griffith Eyan eels BeAey Syd, 382, Crown-street, Surry Hills. 1876 1874 1876— 1880 1859 1874 1872 ri Fi P5 P 21 xl Jones, John Trevor, 356, ae ani Josephson, J: — Frey, F.G.S8., District Court J udge, Enmore , Newto Josephson, a Mem. Inst. C.E., 235, Macquarie-street Foubert: Numa, Hunter’s Hill. ee Thos. Wm., Harbours and Rivers Department, Phillip- reet. Kee oe" ohn, Broughton, Leichhar Tae: Rey. Thomas, St. Mark’s eg Peas Darling Poi | Kennedy, Hugh, B.A. Oxon. Registrar of the Sydney Unive | §1' Fr King, Philip G., hie Double Bay John, M.A. , 21 Age = Court, “Hlizabeth- street. Kansas Saml. J., M. D., Knib a H., Mem. le tre Saredjohs, Surveyor General's Ofte Knox, Gaara M.A., Cantab., ee -stree Knox, Edward, The Hon. -. M.L.C., Fcoaisll satel: Knox, Edw ard. WwW, * a! Double Bay. Kopsch, G., Telegraph De K retschmann, Jo — care 0 2 Mr, Moss, Hunter-street. Kyngdon, F. B., 1, Darlinghurst Roa 4 Kyngdon, Fred. ‘EL. M.D. D, beeen TeA. L.; MBCS., £5 C.M., Aberdeen, North Shore yangiey; WwW. ee Herald Office, Sydney. Latta, G. J., Hawthorn e, Crystal-street, Petersham. Laure , Loui 08., M.D. Surg. Univ. Paris, 138, Castlereagh- eet. 2 Leask, eg L., M.B.O.M. Edin., “Terra Bella,” Pyrmont — teins, Ai Adolph, Ph.D., , Heide} berg, M.A., F.C.S.; Fel. Inst of Gt. Brit. and Irl.; Senior Asenyer to the Sydney — _Bamch oa the Royal Mint, Hon Secretary, tetas Oeretians.- +Cinerge, tel bald, ‘Aasoo. Roy. Sch. Mines, Lond. ; Inst. Chases of Gt. Brit. and In. ; G.S G.S.; Mem. Phy. London ; * - 1 Soc. Gt. Brit. and Irel.; Cor. Mem. Roy. Soc. Tas. 5 Mem. Senckenberg Institute, Frankfurt ; el d’Acclimat. Mauritius ; — Fel. Roy. Hist Mem. Min. Soc. Fran Pro Mineralogy i in the Hatnuaite of Sydney, Hon. —, The University, Glebe. Pil Mannin Manning, James, Milson’s Point, North = pe +Mannin ladesvill xli Tse Jolin, Marsaloo, North Sho d, George Alfred, F.R.G. * . “Seottforth Elizabeth Bay. Lloyd, Lancelot T., Kellett-st Loft ae: His Excel lency The ‘Right Hon. Lord Augustus, G.C.B., By a oe on, Presid Lord, The Hon: Francis, M.L CO, North Shore. Lord, George yr ‘Kirketon, Darlinghurst. Low, Hamilton, H.M. Cus Low, Andrew S., Merr las - 1 Cee Lowe, Edwin, Wilgar. Sewne ang pres Dubbo. M‘Culloch, A. H., jun., 121, Pitt-street. M‘Cutcheon, Joh ws a er, Assayer to the Sydney Branch of the 0 Mint. MacDonald, Ebenezer, Oriental cee hae MacDonnell, William, 312 aay ose ten J.; FR. 48, Bon Bank of New South Wales, George MacDon: emeil, Saninel, 312, George-street, Sydney. M‘Kay, Dr., Chu h Hill. M‘Kinney, 7, Hugh G., Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., “ Seaton,” Point Piper Road , Paddin ngton. MacLaurin , Henry Norman, M.A., M.D. Univ. Edin., Lic, R. _ Coll. Sur. Edin., Fo 5, Macquarie- street. tMacPherson, Rey. Peter, MM ‘dng 187, Albion-street, Sydn: Mackenzie, John, F as. Examiner of Coal F: Fields, Nowruiila: Mackenzie, W. F., MRC. 8., Eng., Lyons’ Terrace Mackenzie, P. F., “ Friendville,” aa M ellar, Cl as. Kinard, B., C. a anarohe ean, Pe H. ey RaoS » 26, C.M., G nr: Duncan oo junior, way atm Stanmore oe M: ma. Manfred, ‘Bdmund C., coe curhagrees. Goulburn. Mann, John, Neutral B Bay Mann, Herbert W.., care * Liverpool & London & Globe Insurance Co., Pitt-stree g, Sir W. M., Walleroy, Edgecliffe Road, Woollahra, = 5 Marklove, Robert J., Macquarie Pl. Marano, G. V., M.D. Univ. Naples, Cloreridion artis, iiicesbetk- The Right Rev. Dr., Bishop of Bathurst, Bathurst. Merch J J. M., Edgecliff Road, Woollahra. : Mars , George, M.D. Univ. Glas. Lic. R. Coll. 8. Edin., ~s xiii Mathews, R. H., Singlet Matthews, Rob: ert, Tmut-stret Adelong. Meslée, E. Marin de la, Surveyor General’s Office. Metcalfe, Michael, 9, Bridge- asians Milford, F., M.D. Terrace , Hyde Millard, Rev. “Henry Shaw, Newcastle Grammar School. $ — L. ia lie eay-st Muntéiore, Octavius i. Belgian etecn, Gresham-street +Moore, Charles, — g., Director of the Botanic Gardens, Botani Moore, Fred. H., hikians Buildings. Morehead, R. A. cs 30, O’Connell-street, Morgan, Allan Bra radley, M.R.C.8. Eng., Lic. Mid. Lic. R. Coll. Phys. Edin., Ashenhurst, Burwood. Morgan, T. C., LBS. Edin, MLK. & Q. Coll. Phys. Ireland, 55, Castlereagh-stree Morrell, G. A., C.E., Pitt-stre dney. Moses, David, “ Aurovida,” Forest Lodge Mountain, Adrian O.; oe ae arveyor, Town Hall. TMullens, Josiah, F. R.G. , 34, Hun Mullins, coe FL., MADD 211, Seadiotestrest urnin, M. E., Eis enfels, ‘Nattai. Murray, W.G. aes Pitt Myles, Chas. H Wrymela, Burwood: Neill, William, City Bank, Pitt-street Newton, aici, edi id care of C. Newton, Bros. & Co., Pitt-s Newton, Dr. J. L., Mudgee. Norton, "James, Hon. +» M. LL; solicitor, Spring-sti oollahra. Nowlan, John, Union Club and West Maitland. Nott, Thomas, M.D. Aberdeen, M.R.C.S. Eng., “Oseanatee te _tiside lberg, MRCS. Eng., 3, Clarendon Morris, William, F.F PS: Glas. = F.R.MS.L.,5, Carlton Terrace, y Neill, W. J. Walter, London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, Bt | Neil A. L. P., Gity Bank, Pitt ; Newman, W., of Messrs. Daw. cs & Co., cong 1876 1876 1878 1876 xiii Oakes, Arthur wW., IB,, , L.RC.P., L.B.CS., Eiin., Sete * Ocean- street, We olla ra. O’Connor, Dr. Maurice, 223, "Victoria-stre Dama Richd. Edwd. ,M. A Wentworth Court, Elizabeth- street. Ogilvy, James “ a Many Bank, Sydney. Olley, jai. Jac O'Reilly, W. W. es MD, M.C., Q. Univ. Zrel., M.R.C.8., Eng., Liverpool- -street. Paling, W. H., “‘ Wonden,” uae -street, Petersham. Palmer, J. H., ’ Legis slative Assem ‘ 1tt-street. Paterson, Alexander, M.D., M.A., “ Hillcrest,” Stanmore Road. , Wynyard Square. Perkins, Henry A., es mb, are es Balmai Philip, Alexr., LK. a d Q.C.P., -y LBC. S., Trel. lohan H ve islneuhend: Phillip, H., Pacific Insurance Company, 85, Pitt-street: eee Thomas, M.D. Aberdeen, Ch. M., M.R.C.S. Eng., 40, College-street. Pian Edwd. ot = S., ps rinse of Mines. Poate, Frederic, Summ Pockley, i “E. G., Commercial Bank, Singleton. Poolman, F., Colonial Sugar Refinin ning Co., O’Connell-street. Poolman, Fredk., jun., “ Esher, ee -street, Woo! Potts, J. H., ‘Want-street, Burwi Prince, Henry, George- Quaife, Ponty Harrison, =: Mast. Surg. Univ. Gias., Ht en, Queen-stree oollahra. Quirk, Rey. ane JA. (OSD ,LLD, Syd., St. Joseph’s, Newtown. Quirk, Rey. D. Placid, M A. Syd., ‘Post Office, Cook’s River. Ouodiing We. * Conranga, Burwood. P3 xliv 4 t{Ramsay, Edward, F.L.S., Curator of the Australian Musenill College-street. tRatte, F., G.P.O., Sydney. Read, Reginald Bligh, M.RB.CS., Eng. » Coogee. Reading, E., Mem. Odon sin Lond Castiereagh-street. Reece, J. D., urveyor Geo ce. Reid, William, Australian Joint —— ne Sydney. Rennie, Edwd. H., M.A., B.S8c., L Re nie ma . The Hon MD: ee B.A. Sydn., F.R.OS. ,M.L. 295, Elizabeth-street. Riddell, C. a Union Club. rts, J., eorge-street. Roberts, Alfre d, ae = = Eng., Hon. Mem. Zool. and Bot. Soe. Roberts, C. J., “ Chasen oe eg s Point. Steahe William, Australian Clu son, Thomas, aa ahliog: 91, oe sEabaton, Christopher, C.M.G., Au eae: ome Costernghe street, Vice-President. Hance Carl, M.D., 52, College-street. Ross, J. G rafton, O’Connell-st : Roth, Hi enry Ling, FS 8. S., EM M. S, Foulden Estate, i -, Mudgee. i ueell leas B.A. Syd., F.R.AS., F.M.S., Hon. Mem 8. A = Government Astronomes, Sydney Observatory. ees senate L., German Consul, Consulate of the German se Wyny ard Square E. M., Glebe. Sanita Sons e Hon, Saul, C. M. G., M.L.C., Sapo pe Sandy, Jam = Rothgael,’ * Croydo n Road, field. — Rudolf, M.D., Univ. Gottingen, Te sox Apoth. Lond 0, College-stree ices, Rev, oe Cantab., Hon. Mem. Roy. Soc. Vies un; Scrivener Charis Robert, Berlin Cottage, Fotheringham- -strees Stan: Sedgwick, Wen. oP ae M.R.CS., Eng., Newtown. Selfe, Norman, C.E., M.I.C.E., Rockleigh, Balmain. Clifton eed Yass. ay ne nner, J. 0. Gra School, S: Slade, G. P., solicitor, Bridge-street. P6 Pl Pi ro 10 xly encroie Thomas, Premier Terrace, 169, William-street, Wool- loomooloo. Sloper, Fredk, Evans, 360, Liverpool-str edley, John, “ Arlula,” 139, — ricer hile amie ‘Smith, John, — Hon ihe tor. L. pee C8. "aod bie Ny Peta of Physic the Vaiverity of dees 193, Macquarie- sixtk, dent. Smith, “Muetali ier ee pores! bic: Australia. Smith, Robt., M.A. Syd., solicito Smith, John Garin itunter h, R. 8., Surveyor Gene "3 Off Smith oes E, Fevereaux, mee soit Upper William-street, Smyth, FL. S., M.A., F.R.G.S., Wentworth Court, Elizabeth- street. ony y, James Monsell, Union Club. Starkey, John Thos., ‘Castereagh-strect Ste om —— Milner, B.A., ~ —— Mem. Geol. Soc. of Ger- ; . Mem ts . Soe ries tor i F.R.G.S. of al; ve Alma ville,” Byron Bridge R Steph het, "Repticnnds South K Stephen, Alfred F. H., Epecaet Bridge e Road. Stephens, ee J ohn, M.A. Ozon., 233, oe Road. Stopps, Arthur J., Surveyor Geniets Offi Street, J oar, Rendell, Birtley, Elizabeth Bay : end. Strong, Wm. Edm und, M.D., Aberdeen, Mt R.C.8., Eng., Liver- jak: Stuart, Alexander, M.L.A., Sydney. Stuart, Clarendon, Upper Willian Street ae ri Suttor, Wm. Henry, M.L.A., Cangoura, Bath Tarrant, Harman, M.R.C.S., Elizabeth-strec Taylor, Chas., M.D. Syd., M.R.C.S Eng., Parramatta Taylor, Chas. Lamb, iM. B.C. 8., 14, ‘College-st Tayler, William m George, F.R.C aie — nd., 219, itt street. Tebbutt, John, F.R.A.S., Obse: indsor. mpson laide, S.A Thompson, Jose oseph, Bellevue Hill, Double Bay. Thompson, Thos. Janes, Pitt-street, Sydney. Theacet H. Arding, Narellan. Thomas, F. ode: River N.S.N. Co., Market-st Tibbits, Walter Hugh, M.R.C.S. Eng., “ Carlisle, “ TP canhiaa: T “ Moira,” Burwood. ~soionat ee P. C., George and Marga: routon, F. H., A.S.N. creeped. 8 lace rey {Tucker G.A., Ph. D., Superintendent, Ba; iew Asylum, Cook’s | Tucker, William, Clifton, North Shore. house, E. B., Mount Gilead, xlyi aren 1875 Tulloh, W. H., “Airlee,” Greenwich Point Road, North Shores 1875 Turner, G., 3 Fitaroy Terrace, Pitt-street, Redfern 1876 Voss, Houlton H., J.P., Goulburn. 1879 Walker, H. O., Australian General Assurance Co., 129, Pitt- street. a 1867 Watker, Philip B., Telegraph Office, George-street. 1870 Wallis, ‘William, Moncur Lodge, Potts’s Poin 1867 Ward, R. D., M.R.C.S. Hng., North Shore. 1877 hatecsen, William Edward, MD., M.B.C.8., 281, Elizabeth i t, Sydney. 1876 Watkin ass Leo, B.A. Cantab., M.A. Syd., 121, Elizabeth- 1876 Waterhouse, Pie . Syd., “ Waima,” Cavendish-street, Stan: oe 1876 Wasson, ¢ C. Rune ll, M.R.C.S., Eng., os Newtown. 1877 Watt, Alfred Joseph, Hastings, Moore Park Road. 1859 Watt, Char Charles, Government ry ey Now r Bistrot 1876 Waugh, Isaac, M. = M.C., ., Parram 1876 Webster, A. S., on ee Weigall, a ; Bytes, a, B.A. Oxon., M.A. Syd., Head Mater of the y Grammar School, Colleges street. 1878 Ween oe é, solicitor, Pitt-stree 1877 Weston, W. J., Union Club. A 1879 {Whitfeld, Lewis, B.A. (Sydney Univ.), Grammar School. 1874 , Rev. James 8., M.A., LL.D., Syd. Go wrie, Singleton. 1875 White, Hon. James, M.L.C., ic Cranbrook, » Double Bay. 1877 White, Rev. W. Moor ©) AM LL.D. T.C.D., 1, Tawsening Te ] i Specie 1879 Wilshire, F. R., P.M., Bervina 1879 Wilson, F. A. A., M ee yack 1876 Windeyer, W. C., His Honor Judge, M.A., Syd., King-street- 1876 ise, oe Foster, Immigration Office, ‘Hyde Park. ae 1874 | P1 Wilkinson, ©, 8., F.G.S., Government Geologist, Department n, HE oller, De ent of Mines. 1878 Wilkinson, Rey. 5, Argyle Terrace, Pitt-street, Redfera- 1878 Wilkinson, Robt. Bliss, 12, Spe street. e, PB. : 1876 .William: s, Percy Ed Treasury. ng 1878 Wise, Henry, Savings Bank, Barrack-stree 1873 |_| Wood, Harrie, Under Secretary for Mine, Departanent of sina 1879 Woodt ilead, Campbell: 1879 M Pl Pi Is xlvii Woods, T. A. Tenison, Phillip-street, be Woo. oolrye h, F. B. W., Wilson-street, Newto egy ee Horatio a. "A, MRCS. Eng, Wynyard Square, Hon. Wright, Sei. “Bawin H., &t. Stephen’ 8, Bourke. oe y, W. H., “ Stella "House ” Penzance, pag 2 od, W. H. O'M., Sinan General’s Oifice Young, John, Town Hall, George-street. Honorary MemMeBenrs. Limited to Twenty. M, recipients of the Clarke Medal. Agnew, Dr., Hon. Secretary, Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart own. Barlee, His Excellency F. P., C.M.G., Governor of Honduras. Bentham, George, F.R.S. VPLS. C.M.G., The Royal Gardens, Kew. Bernays, Lewis A., F.L.8., F.R.G.S., Cockle, His Honor Sir Ji ames, late Chief. 7 tae ‘of Queensland, -A., F.R.S., Ealing, London. — Dr. Charles, EBS, MA. ¥.GS.,, NDS, 4c, ac, eckenham , Ken De ary Prof., Mt. D., Liége, Belgium. Ell Robert F E.R S., F.B.A.S., Government Astronomer of ery, Victoria, Melbourne Greaney Abgastas Charles, C.M.G., F.R.G.S., Geological Sur- Brisban Haast Dr. Ju Julius yon, Ph. D., F.RS., F.G.S., Professor of Geolo Onnterbu College, and Director of the Canterbury iiseam, sary h, New Zealand. useum, Hector, Tames, C. i G., M.D., EF. RS. 105 of the Colonial Mus and G - I Survey of New Zea ; We Hooker, Sic Sosepit. Dalton , K.8.1, aL os, F.BS., &e., he Ro Huxley, Profs, P.RBS., LLD., F.G. a, FZS., F.LS., &., Professor of Natural His tory in the Royal Sch School of ines, South - Kensington, London. MCoy, Brederi ick, F.RS., F.GS8., Hon. F.C.PS., — r of Nat Science in the Melbourne University, Government Palwontologist, sai Direct of the National um, Melbourn Masiie:. Baron Padeaad + ies crager ge bate M.D., Ph.D., FERS, urne. eee xlviii Elected. 1878 Walker, ie Sc: Coneo 1875 Waterho F. G., F.G.8., C.M.Z, a3, Curator of the Museum, Adelaide, South Austra ie 1875 | P9| Woods, Rev. Julian E. Tenison- E.GS., F.LS., a | ges a Soe bch oria, Hon, M . Roy. Soc., Tasman Adelaide Phil. asi Hon. Mem. New ea pera Hon. Mem. Linnean Soc., N.8.W., &c., Union Club, Sydney. Corresponpina Mrempers. Limited to Twenty-five. 1880 | P1| Clarke, Hyde, V.P. Etbnological Institution, London 1879 | P2| Eth eridge , Robert, Aes , E.GS., &e., oe British Museum. 1880 Miller, F. F. B., F.C » Melbourne Min 1880 Ward, ie ‘Elvan "K.C.M. G., GeeGanat R.E., Cannes, Fra Oxitvary, 1881. 1876 M‘Carthy, W. F. 1861 Paterson, Hugh. AWARDS or tax CLARKE MEDAL. Established in memory of THE tate Revp. W. B. CLARKE, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c., Vice-President from 1866 to 1878. : ded from time to time for ewes contributions to the Geology, Mineralogy, 0 or Natural History ustralia, to men of science; whether resident in Australia or Se 4 1878. Professor Richard Owen, O.B., F.R.S., The British Museum. a 1879. Mr. George Bentham, C.M.G., F.R.S., The Royal Gardens, Kew. 1880. Professor Huxley, F.R.S., The Royal School of Mines, London. 1831. Professor F. M‘Coy, F.R.S., F.G.S., The University of Melbourne. 1882. a Shem Dwight D LL.D., Haven, ; poses oath — = er Yale College, New : ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. By the Hon. Proressor Smitu, C.M.G., &ke., &e., President. [Delivered to the Royal Society of N. S. Wales, 4 May, 1881.] GENTLEMEN, At this the close of my Presidential year—the first year, I may remind you, in which the Chair has been occupied by an elected President—it becomes my duty to go through the form of an Annual Address, before proceeding to the more pleasing ceremony of laying down office and introducing my successor. It is a wise provision in our by-laws that the President can hold office for only one year ; but in spite of that, I fear that this annual address will tend to become more and more irksome, and may on some occasions stand in the way of desirable members taking office,— members who may not have much leisure nor much fluency, and who might look upon the task of composing an address as more than counterbalancing the honor of the position, and the gratify- ing sense of enjoying the confidence of their fellow-members. I now throw out the suggestion for the benefit of my successors, that while the Society is comparatively young, and its forms and routine yet in the plastic condition, it might be well to accept as an annual address a mere statement of the condition of the Society and its work of the preceding year. Occasionally, no doubt, the President might be glad to embrace the opportunity of stating his views on some questions of general interest, not perhaps well suited for a paper of the usual character at a ‘Monthly meeting, and not intended for discussion ; and in such a case as that, when the President has really sdmething to say, Me members will doubtless be pleased to listen, but in ordinary 2 ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. cases I believe the members would be glad to let the President off J with a brief formal statement of the character indicated. I am a unwilling however to be the first to break in abruptly upon an ~ established custom, and in looking about for some appropriate 4 subject on which to found an address, it has occurred to me that — now we have completed a quarter of a century of continuous and — active existence, a brief review of the work accomplished might — not be uninteresting—the more so as the Royal Society is occasionally twitted with indolence, and even the members them- — ‘selves probably do not realise that on a fair view of the case, and — making due allowance for unfavourable circumstances, the Society q has been the means of giving publicity to a large amount of — intellectual effort, and of persevering and laborious scientific s research. 4 REVIEW oF past History or THE SocreTy. 4 - [have said that we have had a continuous active life of five- and-twenty years; that estimate includes of course the Philo- sophical Society that preceded us ; but as there was a mere change existence of sixty years, for undoubtedly the first beginning of ‘this scientific organisation is to be traced back to 1821, when the Philosophical Society of Australasia was constituted, with ten ‘members, under the presidency of Sir Thomas Brisbane. that original Society did not long survive. It is mentioned “among the Institutions of Sydney in the Australasian Almanac’ 1825, and not afterwards. The only record known of papers before it is in the Geographical Memoirs of New South W: by Mr. Justice Field, published in 1825. In that volume fo ‘papers are reprinted in full, the titles of which are given in Tnaugural Address of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, in 1867. Be the reading of papers, that Society engaged in another pub act which has better served to perpetuate its name. In 1 1822, it caused a tablet to be affixed to the rocks on the ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS, 2 3 Head of Botany Bay, to commemorate the landing of Captain Cook. The inscription is given in the Gazette of 22 March, 1822, as follows :— ’ A.D. MDCCLXX. UNDER THE AUSPICES or BRITISH ScrENCE, THESE SHORES WERE DISCOVERED : BY JAMES COOK AND JOSEPH BANKS, THe CoLumBus AND McCENAS OF THEIR TIME, THIS SPOT ONCE SAW THEM ARDENT IN THE PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE; Now, TO THEIR MEMORY THIS TABLET IS INSCRIBED, IN THE FIRST YEAR OF THE PurtosoruicaL Socrery or AUSTRALASIA, Siz Tuomas BrIsBAne, SOK, £2 SL. ae S (CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE), PRESIDENT. A.D, MDCCCXXI. : In Mr. Clarke’s inaugural address in 1867, particulars are given | of the resuscitation in 1850 of the old Society, under the name of - the Australian Philosophical Society ; but there must have been an attempted revival at an earlier date, for in the New South Wales Calendar, of 1832, I find mention made of an “ Australian : Society” for promoting colonial products and manufactures, under the presidency of Mr. Samuel Terry. I cannot, however, find any other reference to it. The 1850 Society began under favour-_ able auspices, and with influential leaders; but the gold fever of - 1851-2 seems to have sapped its vitality, and for two or three years nothing is heard of it, until in July, 1855, it met once more and resolved to make a fresh start, under the name of the Philosophical Society of New South Wales. It seems that twenty- _ two Members passed over from the old Society to the new, and ___ they brought with them £88 to start the funds of the new ” 4 ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. Association. Under the active presidency of the Governor- General, Sir W. T. Denison, the Philosophical Society speedily attained a considerable amount of popularity. It held its first meeting in the School of Arts, on 9th May, 1856, and at the next meeting ninety-one new Members were elected. About forty more were added during the remainder of the year; and fourteen — papers were read, two being by the President. The place of meeting was speedily changed to the hall of the Australian Library, now the Free Public Library, where it remained, with occasional migrations to the Exchange, till the formation of the Royal Society, which also continued its meetings at the Library till 1869, when it moved to the Exchange, and continued there till May, 1875, when it occupied the present building, first as tenant of the Academy of Art, and finally as proprietor in 1878. The early prosperity of the Philosophical Society yielded after a few years to the usual reaction that we are only too familiar with in all new organisations attempted in Sydney. Perhaps. also it suffered from the partial withdrawal of vice-regal patronage, if that, however, was not rather an effect than a cause of waning popularity. Sir W. Denison was not only largely instrumental in 2 starting the Society, but he continued during his term of office to — attend the meetings and to take a lively interest in the proceedings. _ | On his leaving the Colony at the close of 1860, the Society q presented him with an address, in which the following words occur:— We desire to express our warm acknowledgments for the a services you have rendered to the Society, and to the cause of science 9 generally. * * * * ‘To your successful exertions at an early — period after your arriyal in the Colony we are indebted for the — reorganisation of the Society on a satisfactory basis, &c.” His 4 successor, Sir John Young, afterwards Lord Lisgar, frequently presided over the monthly meetings, but as the attendance E dwindled away he came to the conclusion that his presence was — “not beneficial. In his remarks at the close of the Rev. Mr. q Clarke’s inaugural address to the Royal Society, in July, 1867, 4 ne is reported to have spoken as follows :—‘‘His Excellency — “ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 5 expressed his sincere hope that the Society would be more successful under its new name than it had been under its former designation. He had regularly attended the monthly meetings of the Society for some time after his arrival in the Colony. He observed, however, as time went on that the attendance became ‘small by degrees and beautifully less,’ until on one occasion that he had come there to preside, he found himself the only person present to hear a paper which some gentleman was there to read. He believed that Professor Smith was sent for, and formed with him the sole audience. After that he had rather held back, being under the impression that vice-regal patronage was not quite so beneficial to the Society as could be wished.” Sir John Young was succeeded in the presidency by the Earl of Belmore, who took the Chair two or three times at monthly meetings, and since then we have not been favoured with the vice-regal countenance. T have stated that in the first year of the Philosophical Society about 130 new members were admitted. In the second year there were only thirty-nine; while in the third the number dwindled down to seven. After that there i t for twoyears, but in 1861 the number again dropped to aie: and in 1863 only one new member joined. In each of the following years nine joined, and lastly in 1866 (the transitional year) only one. Not only did new members fail to come in, but the old dropped steadily off, as shown by the decreasing amounts paid as annual Subscriptions. In the first year the income of the Society was £316, in addition to the £88 brought over from the old Society. In the second year the income was £205; in the third, £106 ; after which it kept higher for a few years, till in 1863 it dropped to £88, and in the last year of the Society (1866) it reached its lowest depth at £43, If the expenditure of the early years had not been very moderate, so that a surplus was preserved for bad times, the Society must have died of inanition. Indeed, it fre- quently became a question whether it was worth while continuing a ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. what seemed a hopeless struggle; and it was sometimes suggested that the Society should be deel ed, and the remaining assets used up in a picnic or a dinner. 2 For several years the expenditure, although rigorously kept — down, was considerably over the income, and the Society lived on its early savings. ‘In such a state of the finances, it was of course impossible to undertake the publication of the Transactions. In the first years the Society was entirely dependent on the news- papers for giving publicity to its proceedings ; but these were frequently of too abstruse a character for such a mode of publica- tion. Afterwards, when Mr. James Waugh started the Magazine of Science and Art, the papers of the Society were regularly pub- lished in it ; but that magazine lasted only a few years, and then the Society published one volume of Transactions, containing a selection of papers read from 1862 to 1865. A complete list of the papers read before the Philosophical Society has never hitherto been made public, and I have thought it worth while to make _ such a list from the minutes and put it here on record. It will — be seen that, in spite of failing membership and income, a large | amount of useful scientific work was accomplished. PuiLosopHicaL Socrery Papers. 1856. May 9, PES rat ene of the Railway System in England, with ns as toits BS gar cation to the Colony of N. 8. Wales.” gr Hi Hecalny — “oe Governor-General. on ‘* ™m = jk Mie ~~ ommunication with England.” 2 July 11. “Means of lways, financial tee tf ; G. Pennington. “Application of certain’ principles a Se as Economy to the question of Railw se” Professor 3 August 13° “On the action of Sydne Water upon Lead.” Professor — Smith, On the Iron making resources of N.S, Wales” Sept. 10. “Bloctsie 3 Tele d London not im casibl, “oe A niware between Sy: of Statistics.” C. Rolleston. « ce Wood.” a ee On ae Gakk Pi ‘ag June 10, ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. . 7: 1857. **On Pavements.” Lieut. Vigors. ‘‘On the Sanitary con- dition of Sydney.” es “On the Moon’s Rotation.” Sir W.T. Denison. “Ona ae auge.” W. 8S. Jevons. ‘‘ On Sanitary Reform.” De an . “On Railways.” Sir W. T. Deni ‘On Railways, — wntbiaine hiefly to the motive Dawes ” ¥F..S. Pepper- st ‘On the Be Sc a process of Phot togra; . Haes. “On ison-appar. of Venomous Boies. Alfred a **On the “Meteorology of N. S. Wales.” Rev. W. On the use and abuse of Tobacco.” Dr. gh ec. 9. es On the Wossaatien of Clouds.” Ww. 8. Jev May 12. June 9. July 14, Aug. 11. June 8. July 13. Aug. 10, == ct. 19, Nor. a, 1858. **On the strength and elasticity of Woods of N. S. Wales and New Zealand.” Captain Ward, R.E. ** Abridgment of a book of Sa ms relating to the history and practice of _— ation.” we ‘On the Poison-appar. of Seas us Snakes, with a gousiotice of some of Bias po found in in hie Colony.” Alfred ) **On the Meteorology of N. 8. oar ” Rev. Wm. Scott. ‘* On the Clunes — Victoria.” H. A. Thompson. «Gold Deposits of Victor H. A. Thompson. “‘ Outline of aplan for the formati aon working ee a Mining Company to open out the ‘Quartrfil ds of N. = , Wales. a A. Thompson. ** On the Mortality of Sydne C. Rollest “On the resent state of the ‘tip ly of the Ores of Mercury.” Rev. W. B. Clarke. “On the filtration of Water through Sand.” Sir W. T. Denison. “On the Construction of Dams.” Professor Pell. ‘On R. Drury. -Carrency and Banking in N. S. Wales.” een **On the Plurality of Worlds.” Rev. Ww. “On the Progress of Photography.” James amc 1859. **On the construction of Specula for pele a: Severn. ‘On Atmotic Navi Dr. Bland. . A. ‘«On the means of —> utilizing the Sewage of Ti ‘owns.’ ; C. Rollesto ‘On a new mode of u using ; he, in anscitings microscopic objects.” Alfred Heberte 0 f the Southern Hi h Rev On the Observatories of the Southern Hemisphere.” v. W. Scott. ‘* Anal: f cert Coals,” Captain certain Colonial “On the Adulteration of Milk in Sydney.” M of Microscopical Com : — Telegraphic Comnanication with eg F. Gis- "On the Sydney Obs rvatory.” Rev. W. “On Joost Si aimee of Gold from Mundie oe” Pro- ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 1860. June 20. ‘‘On the Sydney Observatory.” Rev. tt July 18. ee eo eferri rien. to the destracta on of the dam at ae = hag riarty. ‘‘On the detection of spurious a, : i Aug. 15. i On the Quartz Reefs of Upper Adelong.” Prof. Smith. Sept. 19. On Badge uilding.” Sir W. T. ee ison. ‘On a Dial to prevent collisions at Sea.” C. J. P Oct. 17. On compass-deviation in Iron ships Rev. W. Scott. Ozone.” Mr. Proschel. Nov. 21. ‘‘On the Mundic Quartz of Adelong.” Dr. Leibius. 1861. June 19. ‘On the Census of 1861.” C. Ro lle esto’ July 17. ‘*On the Sydney Observatory, &c.” Rev. W. Sco Aug. 14. ‘‘On a new species of Foraminiferous Shell rae Ovalau, 1,” Alfred Roberts. ‘‘On the im td omg gation of the Hunter River.” E. O. Moriarty. Sept. 11. ‘A brief notice of a few of the little rf serub timbers f lony.” rles Moore a new mode of con- c timber dges,” os oore. ‘*O new method of giving support to FB Bars.” Thos. Woore. Oct. 9. ‘* A short description of the new works now being carried out for the improvement of Wollongong Harbour.” E. 0. ox SO Nov. 20. “On some recent Re oe discoveries in Australasia, and = correlation of the Australian formations with those of urope.” Rey. W. B. Clarke, June ll. ‘‘On the Cave Temples of India.” Dr. in July 9. Be ep oe Researches, in four papers, comprising 1 rems and porisms and onihete solutions to pe tented y ‘problems.” so Gardiner. ‘‘On the Wambeyan aves.” Dr. J. Aug. 13. ‘‘On the daniratebee ofa systematic search for, and obser- vation of, variable Stars in the Southern Hemisphere.” a ebbutt. ‘On th of the ‘Dia pe ce between Sydney and Brisbane.” Comm aie § say iets re a Sept. patng the Vertebrated Animals of the Lower Murray and son: La ae a and geographical distri- eae rard Oct. 8. "On ‘the Comet of Sept. , 1862.” John Tebbut Nov. 12. Second paper on the same subject, by John Tebbutt. May 27. pp Pirme Snakes loniene in the heres of Sydney.” June 17, On Snake-bites and their Antidotes.’ complete solution of a celebrated scotia.” ” Martin Gar- iner. Aug. as ** On th Lead 41.J] fe D.*1. Curve’ ves, As Martin oe Sept. ae (tae Var ata sink tthe Lower Mucing” (second — Riu. 1h oneaden Baca Prof : ancien’ t Implements found near Abbeville.” | Prot, Smith. ‘‘ Description of a new Fish from the Hawkesbury- Gerard Krefft. eh ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. — 9 1864. Aug. 17. “On improved analytic Geometry.” M. Gardin On the probable reasons that led Fahrenheit to the me of his pe , rof. Smith. Sept. 7. eon Seems ee John terete ‘Remarks on the preceding paper.” Rev. W. B. Clar Oct. 5. ‘‘On Fibre-bearing ‘Plants indigenous to the Colony.” Chas. oore, Nov. 2. ion Osmium and Iridium obtained from N. 8. Wales Gold.” eibius. Dec. 7. ‘On the prospects of the Civil Service of N. 8. Wales under the Superannuation Act of 1864.” Colonel Ward. ‘‘On the distribution of profits in Mutual Life Assurance Societies.” Professor Pell. 1865. May 10. ‘On the Transmutation of Rocks in Australasia.” Rev. W. . Clarke. July 5. “On the Oology of Australia.” Ed, Rams Aug. 2. ‘‘On the theory of Encke’s Comet.” G. R. ce alley. a the Manners and Customs of the Natives of the Lower Murra and Darling. erard Kre Sept. 6. “On th he Def fences of Port Jackson.” G. A. Morell. poe geological A gmaer of the "Potrolatin Coal.” Wm. Keen Oct. 11. ‘On certain possible relations between Sere Changin and Ratna Observations.” a Nov. 8. “ — the — ogy and capabilities of the ‘Cape York Penin- z 7 Dr. ie Dec. 6. On the ‘coat re ate of Astronomical, Magnetical, and Me- teorological Science.” G. R. Smalley. 1866. July 4. ‘On the eeemiew of Lake George.” Ed. mons Aug. 1. ‘Preliminary remarks on the Magneti ae Ne 8: ide os Sik ge i "On the Dentition m of ”"Thylacoleo rnifer. Sept. 2 ~ pers on the sauypit of the Young of Marsupial Animals in the Pouch.” Oct. 3. ‘On the po mia.” De J. C. Cox Nov. 7. ea cerning a new species of Fagus.” Charles a *°On the Classification of the small Marsupial Insectivo Gerard ard Kre fft. pe) Dee. ack = a the condition and resources of the Colony.” C. Rolles- ‘ In the eleven years of the Philosophical Society’s existence it held eighty-three meetings, at which 107 papers were read by forty-three members. The largest number (eight) was read by the Revd. W. Scott, who long held office in the Society. Mr. Krefft, at that time Curator of the Museum, read seven ; Sir William Denison and Mr. Rolleston, each read six ; I read five; Revd. W. B. Clarke, Mr. Smalley, Mr. Alfred Roberts, Mr. Moriarty, ee 121 he ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. Mr. Tebbutt, and Mr. Gardiner, each four ; six members read three each ; seven members two each ; and nineteen members one each. Besides the reading of papers, other means were tried to keep up the interest of the members. A Microscopical Committee was formed, and held several meetings, some at Government House, with fair attendance, but it soon collapsed. Conversaziones were frequently held, at first on a modest scale, in the Australian Library, but soon expanding so as to require the Chamber of Commerce, which ultimately became overcrowded with the numerous objects of interest and with visitors. The Royal Society has carried on these gatherings with great success. This branch of our operations has indeed always been very popular. It furnishes the only opportunity we have as a Society of enjoying the presence of ladies, but at the same time it is increasingly troublesome and expensive. We were driven from the Chamber of Commerce to the Masonic Hall, and from that to the great Hall of the Univer- sity, and even there we were seriously cramped for room, the striking display of scientific and artistic objects requiring a great deal of space, and the visitors numbering over 800. Last year- the Council did not see their way to attempt a conversazione on an extended scale, but they invited the members to a similar gathering, although without ladies, in the Society’s rooms, and they have reason to believe that a pleasant evening was spent. It is hoped that during the present year, probably in September, we may have the pleasure of again meeting the members with the — of their families, at a conversazione of the former character, in some capacious and central building. | But to return for a little to the old Philosophical Society. In 1865, when the income had dropped to £58, which was £30 less than the expenditure, the necessity for some change of organiza tion became apparent, if the Society was to be saved from total extinction. The Council, after discussing the matter, appointed @ sub-committee, consisting of Mr. Smalley and Mr. Bedford, to draw up a report for submission to the general body of members. ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. li This report having been first agreed to by the Council, was brought up at the monthly meeting on 11th October, and there discussed and adopted. Its preamble states :— “ Considering the languishing condition of this Society, we are of opinion that some effort should be made to restore its vitality and raise it to the important and useful position that it ought to occupy.” The report goes on to say that it is not easy to account for the decline of the Society, but that it may be partly owing to its name, which conveys the impression that the subjects discussed are of an abstruse and exclusive character. The Report recommends that the name should be changed to “ Royal Society,” and an outline is given of a proposed constitution. A Committee was then appointed to draw up rules, and appli- cation was made to the Governor for sanction to the change of name, but the answer received was that the application must be forwarded to the Secretary of State for the Colonies. It was not till the last meeting of 1866 (December 12) that acopy of Lord Carnarvon’s despatch, dated 24th September, was laid before the Society. It contained these words—“Her Majesty has been graciously pleased* * *to sanction and approve of the Philosophical Society in future assuming the title of the Royal Society of New South Wales.” Thus the change was finally completed, and the name Philosophical, which had been considered inappropriate, was dropped. | Prosperity however did not come witha rush to the new organi- sation. Still there was a decided improvement, for in 1867 the new accessions were twenty, and the income got up to about £80. If we compare this sum with the published list of members for 1867, which contains 108 names, we are obliged to infer that nearly half the members had not paid their subscriptions. In 1868 the new _ Members were thirty-seven ; in 1869 only fourteen ; in 1870 they Tose again to twenty-one, and the income was £112; but in the following year only five new members joined, and the income fell : ____ to £80, while the expenditure was £111. 12 ae ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS, The printing of the Transactions was a great burden in those 4 years, and the want of means prevented some of the papers being — properly illustrated ; but in 1872 the Government liberally con- sented to have the annual volume brought out at the Government Printing Office, without cost to the Society, except in the matter of certain illustrations. The tide of prosperity in the affairs of the Society which we still enjoy first set in when we took possession of this building in 1875, — and appointed Professor Liversidge and Dr. Leibius to act as our 7 Secretaries. To the enlightened zeal and indefatigable labours of _ these gentlemen we owe much of our present position. In 1875 _ the income rose suddenly to £222, and in the following year to — £413, In that year (1876) amended By-laws were passed ; Sec- ~ tions were organized to represent such branches of scientific study — as were thought likely to bring members together for quiet con- ference and mutual aid ; and arrangements were completed for — exchange of scientific publications with kindred Societies in dif- ferent parts of the world. Last year we sent out 1,013 copies of our Transactions and certain Colonial reports to 284 Institutions — and representative pe in 116 diff ized world ; and from 167 of these Institutions we received publi- a cations in return to the number of 7 49, some of them of great value. s In addition to these gifts we have been in regular receipt of a con- 4 siderable number of leading periodicals, and we have‘been buying — scientific works as our funds would permit ; so that our library is now fairly stocked with standard books and periodicals in science, literature and art. In 1877 we began to collect funds for the purchase of our present building, obtaining also the promise of the Government to grant £1 for every £2 subscribed. The Government at the : same time liberally agreed to augment at the same rate our ordinary _ subscriptions, to meet current expenses, In 1878 the accounts show for the first time a Government 4 grant of £200, in addition to the ordinary subscriptions of £433. The special subscription for the building amounted to £1,000, which i ie i it ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS, 13 enabled us to claim £500 from Government. We then completed the purchase for £3,525, paying down £1,525, andborrowing £2,000 on mortgage. It is highly desirable that this debt should be paid off, and I trust the members will make an effort towards that end during the present year. _ Were that accomplished, there would be £120 additional for promoting the proper objects of the Society. It is the more necessary to get rid of this annual charge for interest, inasmuch as, without the Government subsidy which we now enjoy, it would be necessary to economise to such an extent as to endanger the efficiency of our operations. Now the Government subsidy is obviously of uncertain duration—it depends upon an annual yote of the Legislature ; and should bad times come, so as to diminish materially the public revenue, we must expect to be among the first to suffer from the inevitable cutting down of expenditure. There is still another reason why something should be done this year to add to the building fund. Hitherto a vacant space has adjoined the Society’s house on the south side ; it is probable that this will now be built upon, and it may be expedient for the Society to buy a few feet of the frontage in order to preserve the light and ventilation of this hall in which we meet. But without additional subscriptions such a purchase could not be made. Might I venture to suggest that the old members who pay only one guinea per annum should for at least this year double their sub- scription to help us in reducing our debt. To conclude now what I have to say on the financial progress of the Society, I will state the ordinary income and expenditure (omitting building fund) for each of the past six years, being the time that we have occupied the present building ; and to that I will add the number of ordinary members elected each year. I throw these statistics into tabular form :— Income— , s Year. From Members. From Government. Expenditure. New Members. 1875 gee ‘ 41 1876 -. 413 a as me 389 ee 1877 v. 433 Bi ms | ee 70S 238 62 1878 iene SAG ae a Sia 581 eee 78 1879 ae |. eee Zr. wie we 51 1880... 605 — yi a 812 wb 38 ma ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. ‘The falling off in new members last year may partly accounted for by the fact that the entrance fee and ann subscription had been doubled by a resolution adopted towards — the close of the previous year; but that this was not the only reason, or even the chief reason, is made probable when we com- pare 1879 with 1878, the falling off between these two years as. the number on the roll is now about 460, this resolution may become operative before long. It is difficult, however, to state exactly the effective membership, as names are kept on the roll for one year after a subscription has been paid, unless it i definitely known that a member has retired. D Work oF Last Year. {In regard to the proper work of the Society during last year find that ten meetings were held (including two adjournment besides a special meeting to hear a lecture from Mr. Lant Carpenter on recent practical applications of Electricity America ; and a social meeting or Reception by the Council. Ne _fewer than twenty-eight papers were read by thirteen members, which our Hon. Sec., Professor Liversidge, contributed nine, a our Vice-President, Mr. Russell, contributed five. The year is re research. The following is a list of the papers under their respect? dates :— 12 May. Annual Address, Charles Moore, Vice-President. 2 June. ‘On the Longitude of the Sydney Observatory.” Tebbutt. * e iti reuk Mageit des of Uran and Jupiter.” John T, **On the Acids of the Nati rem a 7 July. “*Catalogue of Plants collected during Mr. Alex. £0; i : ia in . on Mueller. “The Orbit elements of Comet Tebbutt. ‘On Ringbarking and its effects. ’ ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 4 Aug. ‘‘ Notes on a collection of Fossils from the Paleozoic Rocks of N. S. Wales.” R. Etheri ridge, jun. ‘On Geological : e8, Victoria and Tasmania,” Dr, Feistmantel. ‘(A new method awe of Prin vom # crepes and other Curves.” H. C. Russell, a. Vice-Pres. 1 Sept. ‘On Hot — from New Britain and Fiji.” Prof. : tivenddys pring Wa Composition of Cast Iron acted on by - sea-water.” Pro room Liv ge a ne | able.” H, C. Russell, Vice-Preside o 6 Oct. ‘‘On the Composition of Coral-lim estone. ” Professor Liver- ee, sidge. ‘On the inorganic ——- ~ ~- Coals of N. 8S. re Wales.” W. A. Dixon. “A co son between the ospect and poe Hill iiahan oO: Water Supply for vas Sydney.” F. B. Gipps. ; 3. Nov. ‘On some N. s° Wales Minerals.” Professor Liversidge. 3 “On Pituri f. Ou: Saltese “onl Native Fodder Plants.” W. A. Dixon. ‘On Wells on the Liverpool Plains.” T, K. Abbott. 1 Dec. ‘*On some recent changes on the surface of Jupiter.” H. - sia Russell. “On Thunder ins Hail Storms.” H. C. Russe ae “Remarks on the Colours of Jupiter’s Belts, and some chan; henge ns observed thereon during the opposition of 1880.” es Hirst. 8 Dec. ‘* On a specimen of Fossilized Wood. a: On the Composition of some N. S. Wales Coals.” -‘On the composition and Barratta and Bingera Meteorites. » All b y Professor Liver- ge. ; At the same meeting of 8th December, it may be remembered that a draft Act of Incorporation was submitted and adopted. Circumstances have hitherto prevented this being presented to the Legislature, but the Council will endeavour to get it passed in the next session of Parliament. Since the commencement of the Royal Society there have been 102 general monthly meetings, besides numerous adjournments. We have had 166 papers at the general meetings, and about 40 more at the Sections. These papers represent a very fair amount of scientific labour, quite as much as could reasonably be expected, considering our circumstances and the busy lives that most of us m8 lead. At all events our existence as a Society, and our claims to public support, are sufficiently justified by these results. I have not considered it necessary to bring together a complete list of the papers, as I did for the Philosophical Society, as they are all to be found in the successive volumes of our Transactions. _ gentlemen, but trust this will be accomplished very soon. 16 ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS, THE CLARKE MEMORIAL. The steps that were taken in 1878-9 to commemorate our late Vice-President, the Rev. W. B. Clarke, must be fresh in your recollection. It was determined that a bronze medal should be — 1 struck, and presented from time to time to men of science, who _ have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of the Geology, - Mineralogy, or Natural History of Australasia. The execution of the medal was entrusted to Messrs Wyon, of London, and we have lately got from them the first specimen, which is now exhibited. It isa creditable work of art, and will, we trust, be- esteemed by its recipients. Through the kindness of Mr. Hunt, copies will hereafter be struck at the Sydney Mint as required. : The Council has now made four awards of this medal as follows: | —-For 1878, to Professor Owen, for his long-continued researches” on the Paleontology of Australia, especially for his series of papers to the Royal Society of London, on the Fossil Mammals of Australia. For 1879, to Mr. George Bentham, for his splendid work in conjunction with Baron Von Mueller, on the Botany of Australia. For 1880, to Professor Huxley, for his contributions the Natural History of this country ever since he visited our shores in the “Rattlesnake”; and, for the present year, to Professor M‘Coy, of Melbourne, for his numerous contributions to the Paleontology and Natural History of Australia. We hav not yet been able to actually present the medal to any of th Brotocica, Laporatory ror Sy¥pNEY. I have now to request your kind attention a few minutes longer, while I bring before you a matter for which I wish t0 enlist your sympathy, in ibe hope that there may be a practical butions in aid of the Building Fund, and I feel some reluctance i pressing the claims of any other scheme, even although it is on very closely connected with, and directly intended to further objects of this Society. It is probably within your knowl ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 17 that the well-known Russian naturalist, Baron Maclay, has for two or three years been endeavouring to establish a Zoological Station in the neighbourhood of Sydney. He has so far succeeded in his efforts that an eligible site at Watson’s Bay has been obtained from the Government, and considerable progress has been made with the building upon that site. The Government has also liberally engaged to double the subscriptions up to £300; but the necessary sum of £300 has not yet been made up, and what I have to ask of you to-night is to help to make it up, so that the corresponding sum may be claimed from the Treasury. I am assured by Baron Maclay, that for £600 the building can be fitted for use—not well fitted certainly—and more would have to be done afterwards ; but it is thought that when the public utility of the ‘establishment is proved, there may be less difficulty in getting further contributions towards perfecting the arrangements. I must, however, say at once that it is my hope and expectation that the Royal Society will not only assist in completing the ' building in the first instance, but that they will agree to devote a fixed sum annually towards its future support. It may, however, be asked by those not familiar with the idea of a zoological station, what claims it has on a Society like ours. An answer to that will involve some account of the purpose of such stations, and what has been done in them in other parts of the world. Ina paper read before the Linnean Society of New South Wales, by Baron Maclay, in 1878, he defines a zoological station as “a laboratory established for conducting investigations in Anatomy, Embryology, Histology, and if possible, Physiology as well.” As plants as well as animals may be thus investigated, the Baron would prefer the name “Biological Laboratory” to that hitherto in use, He points out that ‘ most scientifie travellers have hitherto devoted their time and energies to collecting, and that often in the field of several sciences,” and thinks that “the time has arrived when this method should be abandoned, and that in place of mere collecting, the great aim of travel should be observation and investigation, exercised immediately and upon the 2 spot.” He recounts his own experience in different parts of the : : ae | ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. world, and shows how time and opportunities may be lost throu, the want of a suitable place for undisturbed work. It was, indeed, from the personal experience of Baron Maclay and Dr. Dohrn, whi e working together at Messina in 1868, that the idea of establishi zoological stations first arose. In the following year the question ceivedafurther impulse at a Congress of Naturalists at Moscow; a under the care of Dr. Dohrn, and chiefly at his own expense, first practical realization of the idea was obtained at Napl where a zoological station was opened in 1875. Other statio followed in Europe and America, but even yet there are only abo half a dozen in all. The success of the station at Naples has be most marked. It is now a large establishment with a very ¢0 plete equipment, not only in the building but in out-door appli- ances as well, such as boats (including a steamer), dredges, divi apparatus, &c., and in the early part of this year, as I learn from letter addressed to Baron Maclay by Dr. Dohrn, there were twen five men of science carrying on original investigations with pa assistants to the number of thirty-four. Three scientific periodic a are kept up by contributions from that station. The expense of such an establishment are necessarily large, and are met pi rt by payments for tables used, and partly by liberal donations 170 the German Government. The charge for a table is £T5p annum. Several of these tables are subscribed for by scientl bodies, who then acquire the right of nominating a worker. + British Association, for example, pays for a table, and pane e an annual report on the subject and summarises what has ! done during the year. In the report presented last year stated that the establishment had been placed upon a more 8? footing than previously by a grant from the German Gove equivalent to £1,500, and which was understood to be annual: towards the publications of the station} and the Berlin ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 19 voted £100 last year for the same purpose, making altogether £2,350 from Germany alone—“ a truly noble support,” remarks this report, “when it is borne in mind that the nation has no greater direct participation in the advantages of the station than any other country or association that may hire a table.” The report further states that arrangements were being made for the establishment of a small station at Messina as a dependency of the one at Naples, and that for this additional advantage several lessors of tables have agreed to raise their contributions from £75 to £90, and the Committee recommend the British Association to follow this example. As many working naturalists have very little money to spare for travelling, Dr. Dohrn has set on foot a scheme for the founda- tion of a travelling fund for the benefit of naturalists who may be nominated for the tables, and in his recent letter to Baron Maclay, he expresses a hope that something of the same kind will be done for the proposed station at Sydney. The report to the British Association concludes with a list of eighteen papers that had been published during the year by workers at the Naples station, together with a long list of naturalists to whom specimens and microscopic preparations had been sent from the station. From this brief notice of the zoological station at Naples —the first and best of these modern institutions for the practical study of living organisms—I turn again to the more modest establishment that Baron Maclay has initiated here. He has pointed out in his paper to the Linnean Society that Australia is a tempting field for a zoological station. He says—* Next after the tropics (which are the richest in animal life) the widest field offered to the investigator of nature, and. consequently the most suitable region for the establishment of zoological stations is Australia, with a fauna so interesting, so important, and so very far from sufficiently known, especially as regards anatomy and embryology. Such a country would be the place for a zoological station, or to speak more correctly, for several such stations.” And for beginning the work in Australia, the 20 ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. most central and suitable place he considers is Sydney. The site — granted by the Government is in a pleasant and convenient situa- 4 tion at Watson’s Bay. The building, now approaching completion, is a neat cottage providing five work-rooms and two bed-rooms, besides store-room and bath-room in the basement. It is not in tended to make a charge for each table or work-room, as at Naples, but every naturalist making use of the building will be expected to contribute a small sum, say 5s. a week, towards paying a care. taker. It is not supposed that this will meet current expenses, : and I have ventured to express the hope that this Society will not — only contribute at present to the cost of building, but will here- after grant an annual sum for maintenance. The first should be done by individual members, the second by the Council on behalf — of the Society generally. The Royal Society of Victoria, in con- x junction with members of other three Societies there, have agreed to give a subscription for the building, and an annual sum for — maintenance, and the Royal Society of N. 8. Wales will not, I 2 trust, be behindhand in this scientific enterprise, especially as our — | metropolis will have the honor of setting agoing the first zoological station or biological laboratory in the southern hemisphere. , ConcLusion. | With this address my duties as President come to an end ; and as . soon as I have read to you the report of the scrutineers on the ballot just taken I will cede the Chair to my successor. I will simply in conclusion express the pleasure I have had in presiding over : your meetings, and my hope that your newly elected President will have an equally pleasant year of office, and have as much solid work to pass in review as has been accomplished in the past year. 21 The Climate of Mackay. By Hy. Liye Rorn, F.M.S., &e. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S.W., 1 June, 1881.] CKAY is a port on oo trons coast of Australia, in the Colony of Queensland, on the meer River, the centre of a rich and iving sugar-growin wing dis The landing place at Flat-top Island, at the mouth of the river, is situated in lat. 21° 9’ 19” south, and long. 149° 14’ 11” east, which would give as the position of the centre of the town, lat. 21° 10’ 25” south, and long. 149° 1 ast. The district was discovered in 1861 by Mr. John Mackay, and no mouth of the Pioneer River was surveyed by Capt. Heath, in 1862. Miliicclepiccs Observations Age at “ The Hollow” (Messrs. : C. & , Y 8 S. Raw on). “The Hollow” is saaies about 20 aa due west of the town of Mackay, on the ight bank of the Pioneer River, and about 200 feet above aoe lawet Observations were instituted at the suggestion of the late Mr. John Wate rhouse, F.R.S., F.M.S., &e., &e., of Well Head, Halifax, Yorkshire, England, who originally sent out the instruments. Observations are taken daily at a.m., and are confined to “2 At first the returns were regularly forwarded to Mr. Water- house, but on the death of _ gentleman no further reductions were the existence of breaks in the records. These breaks are :— Tn 1876... Fron = to 30 June (incl.), all records. »» 1877... 28 A 1, dry and wet bulb therm. i ie) eee 12 te: i8 June ot ), all records. »» 1878... Aug. to to Dec. (incl.), minimum shade temp. (therm. broken). 2 1879... 2 to 7 Nov. jinel, id gael et bulb therm. (Oey ioe ai get ee 13 Nov. saints: and wet bulb t . » 1880... 138 F ‘eb., all ; “ by records. 2» 9s -. I4and nd 15 Feb., ee 29 3y ee 16 and 93 Nov., = 2? ” Set pea 23 to 27 Dee, {in incl.) ” ” ” 22 THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. On a cattle-station such breaks are almost unavoidable, as it is — not possible always to be at home at a stated time daily. Matters — have, however, been so arranged now that in future such breaks will not occur. Since the beginning of the present year max. sun and min. grass temperature observations, as well as wind observations, have been taken. : Barometric observations being only recorded once daily, have not been reduced. have, however, now arranged with Mr. ©. C. Rawson to gradually increase the number of instruments. One of Mr. Russell’s barographs is being specially constructed for “The Hollow” and — ‘an anemometer will be erected this year. ‘ At “The Alexandra” (J. Ewen Davidson, Esq.), the Rainfall for the past thirteen years (from 1868 up to date) has been recorded; ~ otherwise only exceptional phenomena have been observed. The — Z. shade temperature taken at “ Alexandra” during 1868.is a8 ~ ollows :— ; Max. Min Max. Min. JANUATY ......scecee ees 952 687 AY voscekiiriesiccn 755 86418 Febraary ..ci..ce0eve 902 681 || August 776 - 398 arch 880 605 ptember ......... 819. 4f3 RT Sueee ay WA 86°3 590 |) October .sisccseie. 88-0 54°6 Pi acccssesutscs 785 54°6 || November ......... 88°38 568 J 773 cember ......... 63°5 Wherever authentic notes concerning the climate have beet obtainable I have made use of them, but I am more particularly indebted to the Messrs. Rawson and Davidson for the long list of gures and facts placed at my disposal. Tar Crrmate or Mackay. The points in which the Mackay climate differs from the climates of other districts on the coast are due, beyond the actual situation of the district in latitude and longitude, to the peculiar position are smal] plains ; originally the ter part of this portion of country was heavily aes ir ee “, The country, whilst thus exposed fully from the N.E. to S.E., is sheltered to a great extent on the &, W. and N. by bso THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. 23 range and isolated mounts, and accordingly as easterly or westerly winds prevail so does the temperature rise and fall. Often when the rains are heavy on the coast below the range, over the range there is no fall at all; and whilst the country over the range is fully exposed to the westerly winds, Mackay only feels them when they blow strongly (chiefly at night); again, the broken nature of the country on the north side of the river causes a wide difference in the annual amount of the rainfalls there (Tables X and XI). _At the present moment there are eight rain-gauges in the district, as follows: at Homebush, the Alexandra, the Hollow, Nebo Telegraph Station, St. Helen’s (started this year), Bloomsbury a Station, the Cedars, and at the Telegraph Station in wn. until April, and occasionally into May. In June and July there is usually a small amount of rain ; the fall in the latter month last year (1880) was exceptional, being 8°55 in. at the Alexandra an . rainy season on a uring the last three years rain, season has been a month or more la e greatest rainfall recorded in twenty-four at of th ge SS ‘In December, 1874, there occurred at Foulden Plantation (about 4 miles from town on the north side of the river) an extraordinary local fall of rain, 15 inches falling in twenty-four hours :— On December 4, at 9 a.m., 0°70 inches were recorded. | : ” ”» 4,at6p.m., 9°50 ,, * 9 15 inches in twenty- ” ” 5, at 9am., 550 ,, > = four hours. 9 ” 6, at 9 a.™M., 0°70 eee 2? At Alexandra, at the same time, the fall was as follows ee On December 4, at 8 a.m., 2°70 inches were recorded. » i 5, at 8 a.m., 6°83 5 > ” 6, at 8 a.m,, 0-22 ” ” ” During this time it rained throughout the district, but only locally heavily at Foulden, where at the back the creek was as swollen as in flood-times, although the river only rose slightly (Rainfall tables 1, VII, IX, X, XI). 24 THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. There have been five hurricanes recorded in Northern Queens- land since 1860 :— Jan. 20, 1 Feb. 9, 1 Mar. 2, een at Townsville (see Messrs. Rawson’s pees Jan, 22, 1874, at Ase esa ‘ Feb. 22, 1875, at Bowen e % The floods in the river, on record, are those of ss 1867, 1874, — and 1875, oe with the hurricanes and hea In March, 5, the river rose up to within 4 feet of the 1875 flood-marks. The ooze deposited by the floods is great ; aiter flood of March, 1881, this yon I measured cakes of ooze varying from ? to 1% in in thickne In July, 1880, nee was a storm, the records of which taken at the Alexandra are as follows: . duly u. tolies of wind in 24 hours, 56 miles; rainfall 1 a inches, . 3 3° o? 13. af ” 0 ” ”? 9 93 30 >> ”” 1 ‘14 ” the rains; it rises gra dually from parm to J une, falls more rapidly, attaining its mean lowest point in November, then rises slightly in December and rapidly in January. When the ~— temperature for the four years 1876, 18: 187 9, and 18 1880, reduced from the maximum Sa minim observations at the Hollow, is = 31° F.; that as pier 1856 2 1875, is 625. The mean minimum is 62-7, and the mean r yea i April (four years) being 73-4, isthe nearest approach to the annua ome vious to 1876 the only temperature observations OP record are those of the year 1868, taken by Mr. Davidson at the Alexandra. December is the hottest month, the mean temperature decre slowly until March, when the decrease is at the rate of four degre per month, until the lowest mean (60-6) is reached in July, when the rise is at the rate of five degrees per month until t the mean of October is attained ; the rise ig rapid in N. — whose meanly only 1-2 degrees less than that of Decembe THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. 95 R672. duly 29....5. 60085 31° TSTG. Sag DO. cinicce cc 29° eee ays. | Semen eet 29° bea ig: eae ees SRE ey 29° » ol 30° 95 era 28° Ate - TiS cic 28° 3: Se 28° Pr pate eee 30° sb ae age) RRR foe 32° . ome: Hyer er 30° ae. Bptimmecee re iia. July 16. oc: 32° 1878; June ics 31° 1874. No frosts. 1970, July ib. -- i 32° 1976. June 27 a. ci 306] [eae Jone 22... mics ad vale 6h. ee The mean diurnal range, as reduced from observations taken at the Hollow, is tolerably great for the locality ; it is 21°8 degrees ; it is greatest in September ; during August, October, and Novem- ge amounts to 145 degrees only ; the range throughout that month fluctuates very little, and it is in that month that the heaviest rainfalls are The extreme range of temperature recorded at the Hollow, from 114°5° in the shade on. 31st December, 1877, to 35° in the shade on llth June, 1878, is 79°5° It is much to be regretted that the winds have not been recorded, as So very much depends on them. The climate is healthy ; the less healthy periods are towards the end of the year, before the wet weather sets in, and during and er the wet seasons: From August to the middle of November the climate is genial. CoxDENsED notes on the climate previous to 1876 (when the con- Paterno a eine ee ti were instituted), e: Rawson :— — from the diaries of Messrs. C. and incl... Rain more or less daily. On 23rd the river rose, , ... The shade thermometer up to 110° daily. ESS Heavy dew. ” Rain and thunderstorm. Two thunderstorms. 26 : THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. SE EA, 0 Waseyaev scene Raining heavily. Dae ile peiniowss seve sss Rain. : oes Mar. 2to6 incl, ... Raining heavily. On 4th flood in river ” 12 and 13 = River r going down, but still high. Sisiwnie Rain 31 incl... 4 Aja ite .G, : Rain more or less daily. River very high on 2nd and 5th. » 8tol2 ,,... 5, more or less daily. or 21 to 24 99 ee ” +9 ” »” | Be eee Drizzle all day, RE I GSE ete Sight rain, ge) to 18 incl... Rain. ws at i em June 12 and 13-...... ce yw 18 and. 19 2.0: - » 20 to Sept. 16. No records. Sept. 17. -tcenw. in. gy OE Sarason Heavy rain. River rose 15 a by 12 o’clock. Oct. 1] : ee siecle All hse ea voi sick list with fev "i 5, 1867, to 31 ta 1871, = ao tears ‘ IS. Pet 2 a ene Rain . oa 95 as = Wiglse 645 ’ Mar. 5and6 ...... eng | eerste i ene ae et Three showers. Wyte Rwa Rain. Bree |! eater ee mn Too wet to brand. May: 2S sien Rain. pt ae See ne i ie: eee eee 4 oe | MO ee yy Off and on, sy SE elke yy hard, a Oct. 4 to 6 incl en — 99 4D cavrcccereresce 33 oo ince » 22402 incl... hard. 2 Hp OO Se eeeew es Nov. 3 Weary thunderstorm e 95 19 to Dec. 11.. No records, 7 97 fo 3 inc. Bas toe ok or aai : in ain more or Be 1872. Jan. 4 to 18, 9 ts a by DP iiss coativs ae a ee We eb. i ee = On 23rd Sanuary thet mometer 95° i in the ete during rain = Rebs 5 occas chaps Thermometer 102° in | » 12 to ja incl... Rain. On 14th river one veey high 33 pat Ria po ae ge ee Mar ps coz a”? 7| ay cis pens » heavily—it was much needec Sept. 3und4 ...... ws Aes ROU. IO cess cueseds Heavy thunderstorm, ~~ Bend Bias, Rain, heavy. i Bice Sia iy Se as Fe THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. 1872. Nov. vi ea inets Rain, heavy, and thunderstorm. F Aand 16.3%. 3 “ i I9ioDee. Sine. ,, more or less daily. Dec. 27 t 1873, Jan. 18 tit: se ee ae? a days continuously. River up 0 _ h January, and very high on 16th Jan uary. Jan. “4 to lincl... ,, occasionally very hard. (ie ee eer Showery. 3 and 4° iH Rain. gy 6 tiseenaivets Showery. », 13 to 17 incl... Rain more or less daily. », 19to22 ,, .. ” 2? 24 to 26 Ola ” 9 7 2? cigcet tes lasaeeuyeess »» hard, Mar to 3 incl. vi ” yand 10.. ” po bes OO as incl ig April POO 7 iveseveew 33 2? to 27 ai: ” May 14 to 17 incl me ee +s pee. = 26 incl ee ” ps eee 9 June to eer e ay » tolZinel... ,, River up on 13th. , » te and Tis 7 , St LD eee lees ¥5 3g. hd es y fi SP cian, rm PRY Bilis es “ ge AO naive ys 4% SU ane SL nace a SUE... 2B ectiwostisiens Showery. Sp es Yealicadioe Rain. : 99 Soh wesesseee esse hard. t Light showers, Nov. 2to 4 incl... ee. ee ee Weary caeagneisa re: am ip eo Ceanewenreaeeee pe 4 p.m : 9 26 sess ceseseee oe ¥» at night. 99 db ween ce ewnaees ” ph Oi eA Thunderstorm. 3 ) ? 39 ) eee re eeeweeeee in a et eer Heavy thi understorm as usual at 4 p.m Wo 2 re Thunderstorm at 8 p.m. ” oe 3) hund rm. — : 9 . Thund in evening. 28 1874. ha 1875. = “THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. a to 13 incl... Rain. = on ee oA Mar. 3 Sar : ” 23 to 25 >» 2? He ” 28 to 31 ” ” a a ei 1, 3 3 May 10 oa . : ‘ heavily. Be DO Se laa »» very hard. ite Oo eA oe 7 yt. 8 incl 7 5, 12 to 14 <= TS a » heavily at5 a.m. Jaly 3and 4...... Rain hard hoo ae ad 20 5 Be: Se eee Showers. : 32? 28 to 30 incl... Rain hard : La. eee ee ee Mee eee 6 Basa - 3, 18 to 2) incl ys 20 and 27: - Dec, : ; to eae »» hard daily ; thunderstorm on 7th, Jen, $0555 ae steadily” all day. eee » = or less ; on 3lst river pre Feb. and oo 33% ss on ni ite » 13 to to 16 incl... > ay Tiver-very va indeed. ; 39 —— Very high wind and rain Be an lowing a gale, wi 3 viver very — 3 28 — = ae for a ts of hours $6. OE See es ea Rain heavily 3 river be her than ever seen; 5. even days coming from sick vat Mackay, weratly a fifteen hours’ — wGl;., vily se is * Showers. il ic ie No record May 19: ...... fits Rain. : ee = 27 inel... o> hard. > Coho a2 - orate . ” hard. 7 23 ees Pre + ” Fuly TV seeesserscee Heavy thunderstorm. 8 wee : ae ” os ill St enees oe een ees > eae eee Se ny ge ee ee Nov, : pietavaiecs "Teceniengtowm at night, but very little rain. Pave Wexey tan. Beet weet AE oS casein: Earthquak town Peek e ewer eee ee THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. 29 fete ee eeeenen See Rete weer rere Pee eve eserre ree e. Shocks were felt and heard in and on s of the river. At Hermitage,” on the river bank, about miles from the wharves in town, two river. e shock continuous was felt and heard at ‘*The Hollow,” but at the ‘‘Nyth,” _ r lack, the Station, gives the time of the occurrence as about 2 minutes to9 p.m. (H.L:R.) TABLE I, RaTNFALL.—Receiving surface of Rain-gauge 8 inches, at a height of 3 ff. 1 in. from the ground, and about 200 feet above sea-level. A G 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. | 1880. Average. Month, Inches. Days Inches. |Days./ Inches. Days.| Inches. Days Inches bere] Inches. | Jan....! 834/16! 3-519} 5 6 | 10°88 | 22 | 11:63/ 21 | 9 Feb...., 8°92 12 | 9-90| 22 | 9-18| 14| 7°89| 12 25-96 20 | 12370 Mar....| 23-36 | 14 | 19°88 | 30 | 34°70 | 30 |18°03| 27 4°04) 1 ‘ > 2:20; 9} 312/19! 0 8 |10°99! 19 10°97, 21 | 5°652 - May...) 1156/18 | 0-05! 5| 3:02] 11} 1°35) 6| 0:99) 10| 3-494 June.) 405/13 | 2-77) 11] 5 4/2 6| 1:71). 4) 3186 July... 2°30) 7 | 0-67| 8| 0-66/ 6| 1-41| 5| $:26\14| 2660 Aug...) 029| 7/ 0-21| 3/ 0 2| 4:16) 9 | 0-04, 1} 0-958 Sept... 0°67; 6 | 270/10} 1-76| 10} 167| 5| 0:20} 3} 1-400 Oct...) 2°74] 8] oo1| 1 | 4:32] 4] 3-76} 12} 1°07) 6| 2°380 Nov...| 2-29] 8| 1:53] 41 3:57] 7! 0-15| 1! 1-64} 9! 1°822 Dee...) 3:58} 9| 3-62) 9 | 1072/15 | 1-22} 4| 660| 11] 5-148- Totals | 70-23 |127 | 53°31 (141 79°98 127 | 64-06 128 | 73°11 133 | 68°138 “Annual average rainfall, 68-138 inches. number of rai y days, 130. 0°519 inches. = ” L rainy : Verage fall on each rainy day, Greatest average monthly fall of rain was in March, 20-002 inches. 0-958 2 23 ory + ? ugust, ae reatest monthly fall of rain was 34°70 inches, in March, 1878. a. a eg a 30. THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. _ Heavy falls in twenty-four hours :— -. $00 inches on 22 March, 1876. 3°95 93 +? 23: bea 7 4°30 23 bed 2 L 33 23 5°50 33 93 } May 3° 400 ,,- ,, 21 February, 1877. 8:98. ,,.. 5, 10 March, 1878. 6°64 29 ” ‘ 29 ” 4°74 39 29 99 99 Seber. pst sober 1878. 3°50 © 45.5, 9 March; 1879, 4°03 ,, ,, 23 January, 1880 5°63 ,, ,, 5 February, ,, B35 sy; 4 ‘81 5 In September, Oceabee November, and partly December, rains are e almost a is os to thunderstorms from the south- west, which finish in the — uth-eas ‘ a e pata season rains, from December to April, and even into May, are PNorthe up fro it thes east, chiefly the south- ve aie a DEGREE or Humiprry (Absolute aortas a OBSERVATIONS taken at 8 a.m, daily from dry an + bulb thera the reductions ne made by means of Gincher s Tables Month. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. Means. ee ee 82°9 | 81°5 771 810 | 83-4 | 812 February ............ 824 | 83-1 82-0 811 85:0 | 827 March 88-0 85 | 902 | 880 | 79-6 | 869 ES eee 866 | 880 | 896 | 88-2 | 899 | 898 DN ins overs scans 89°8 91-9 | 888 | 898 | 899 GORE oe siieacics cess. 89°4(?)/ 93°5(2)| 93-2 | 88-4 | 900 | 90°9 cit eee 9 | 916 | 887 | 89-4 | 90-0 on ugust ...... 87-4 | 89-4 | $89 | 88-7 i September ............ 789 | 83-7 | 863 | 798 | 770 | 812 BES Rivibicena. 709 | 757 | 734 | 806 | 74:6 | 150 November ............| 713 | 797 | 696 | 70-7 | 675 | 71% prsubvceasin 716 | 762 | 785 | 646 | 77 | 1808 . ee Means............ | S22 | 848 | 842 | S25 | 827 | Sees ; The relative Fathi. i: age humidity at 8 a.m. is therefore 83°] mi 1 which there is least rang is November, the average. “a 41 g 90" The ear 1877 was the most was the atte at a lng ad io. : een days more ‘hat in 1878, the ear ae hi neki in oink 0! In 1977 on tel twelve gt 8 only did the tet saad fall te 3 of saturatiod, The moisture in May, June, Jal an st, is largely due to fogs and heavy dews ; the dryness Beptans Oeveber, Serene: and Decembet THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY.- 31 to westerly winds and occasional Byes northerly winds (on this point, how- ever, eit observations have not been made). In Boss ee ypote 1878, owing to westerly wind, the hum idity fell on ‘+h 7th to ads n from same cause to 40 o n 27th No vernber; 1879. On 28th Sevteniben "1880, it fell to 36, the lo went on record, aturation was reached four times in —s 1876; once in Febru March, and ,October, and twice in December, 187 YB thrice i n March, eight imes in June, and once in Revticihe r, 1878; once in jamin’ and Au ugust, 1879; once in February and May, 1880. cent fell below 3 2 of saturation 30 times in 1876. 2 ” ” > , 1877 ” 3 BS eng one Fis ” ” ” 36 Pola rees 75! 3 ” ” ” 25, 1880 TABLE III. Mean Mintuum Suave TEMPERATURE (self-registering thermometer). Month. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. January 729 | 719 | 716 708 | 72:3 February “0-2 | 69°9 | 72:4 | 705 | 73-4 March 70-4 | 697 | 713 | 71 | 713 April wd OF 62:9 | 644 | 659 | 688 May.. 626 | 55°9 | 592 | 52°9 | 567 June 56-6(2), 53°9(2)} 49°7 | 508 | 501 July 489 | 479 | 496 | 49°83 | 50-1 Augu: 96.1 474 | aa. | 569 7 Os September oe ee eee 58-2 | 55°9 WP iiewiinbieien scsi 586 | 59°6 64:0 | 62-9 November 6k a 67-6 | 705 ber eee ITO | 726 | 70°3 Year 62:0 | 612 62:5 | 627 TABLE IV. MEAN Maxrcm Suape TEMPERATURE (self-registering thermometer). Month. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. seg? (SE Metta sl 90-4 | 906 | 9371 84°7 February 853. | 875 | 962 84:3 March... 851 | s44 | 86-2 | 85°2 | 85-9 April .. g12 | 835 | 87-1 81°1 May........ 769 | 839 | 804 | 779 | 7 June 72°9(?), '75°8(2)| '75°1 3°] 723 July..... 691 | 73-9 | 783 | 738 | 696 igust 75:3 | 819 | 810 | 791 | 767 September $49 | 84:8 | 86°9 4 | 816 ber 940 | 918° | 915 | 81 85°7 November 99:3 | 973 | 946 | 902 | 9271 December 97°4 98°S 96°6 88-5 | gaa | 86-4 32. oe ee THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY 4 a TABLE V. a . Mean SHADE TEMPERATURE (reduced from the maximum and m daily temperatures) for four years. a Month. 1876. 1877. 1879. 1880: January 81°6 81 80°7 785 February 777 78°7 81°4 789 March 77°7 77°0 Trt 78°6 == 72° 73° 73°2 746 ay 70 70°0 65°4 66°8 June 64°7(2)| 64°8(2)) 615 | 61-2 July 89 | 61:9 | 61:8 | 59-9 3°9 64°5 67°5 63°8 September 699 | 706 | 72:3 | 68:9 0 76°3 75°7 72°9 743 November 82°5 82°9 789 81°3 ber 83°2 83°3 79°4 Year ..... 732 | 738 | 73:0 | 722 The mean shade temperature is 73°1 degrees, The highest mean is reached in December, 82°6 degrees. aoe The lowest _,, i July, 60°6 degrees. a _ Mean Diurnat Ranee or TempEratuRE Ix Suave, reduced from | he ‘ a ‘ebart . : ‘ ae, TABLE VI. Re “registering maximum and minimum thermometers. A Month. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. Y scvsvetiest- 195 18°6 22°6 19°9 February .........| _15°1 17°6 23°9 21°8 i ecg 14°8 14°7 14°7 14°2 April 18°1 20°6 22°F 14°5 Se reas 14°4 27°9 21°2 25°0 June eer . 16°2 21°8 25°4 21°5 i Se ete 202 | 27-9 | 298 | 93:9 August .. 22°7 34 ie 232 September........ 392 33 | 28°3 November . 34-4 | 291 i 06 December .....,...| 0 27°8 213 eh Ne Xe? .c.0.| BS 25°2 ee 21°2 The mean diurnal range for four years is 21°8 degrees. oe THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY, TABLE VIa, Mean Diurnat Rance, 1880. VAHURTY = siiesis. 12°5 | Max. 19°0 on 25th Min, 4:0 on 23rd February ......... 10°9 i 88 Oe 5» 40, 2st Mare ses. 14°6 >» wed ,, 29th je OO Hs; April 12°3 sy OES: 55° Sth » 980,, 14th tf aa ree 169 fay iy i OO ye CLE WON iy inceies 22:2 pane. cae > et Oy PUIG ON ccc. 19°6 gp) POO gp AL » 5%,, 13 and 15 August: ....-..:.: 25°8 OO, Tih » 10°0 ,, 17th September ...... 26°0 », 36° ,,19,24&31| ,, 145 ,, 10th ROME a 22°8 w oe0 ; GR 7 19, - ea November ...... 21°6 > 28°0';, 2nd »» 18°0 ,, 29th December......... 18-2 1 60, ee is 8S ,, Dh be ges S94 oo See eee TABLE VIs. No, or Days on whieh Temperature in Shade went up to and over 90°. Month. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1830. | Mean. JANUALY occ cceees 21 16 26 16 3 16 Februiity ics... 5 11 25 17 4 12 Mawel viecccoeev. 2 5 5 7 4 : BAY ciiticttcs 2a cs : 2 8 i 3 3 May a. a 3 1 1 fs JUNG abies ion. on Jaly Niece ve Aagiee ea “o s ae a oe sits September..........., 6 7 13 9 1 7 aie in cocci 26 2 | 2 2 6 ~ November ............ % | 3 | @ a= |= BE as 2 | 29 27 26 wa Ong a ee a im jm; es |. es) $$$ “THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY.— 34 “ApPatqoodser FE pure EG os “se . sv TAOpUn nee JOqUISIEE THU Pesetdes you PUL ‘us702q 8 4@ TOYA AOATI OTF _Jo oanquaoduroy oun ‘LIST : TOGMODIC TOS PUL HES UO qsOMOy OTL, ic OS “* SL8T “IT oune GFIL “LIST ‘Tg tequiso0c] UO SUM poprODaL oINZvAoduIE, QSoysry OY.T, “* 0.26 O88 ‘Arvenaqog pure Arenwe ” 2 q8voy OUT, ‘sooldop G.F9 O° OLST ‘t0q0}00 Url sea oF ATYZMOUL 480}"019 OTL, ‘opvys UL ‘BuLIopsIFo1-JJos ‘SIOJOWLOULIOY} WNUMUTU PUY ULNUITXVUL WOT UOyLy sFurpwoy G09 | 0-LE | 9-86 (0-34 | 0-98 |0-80T| ~ ae G-90T | o-LL 0-LE GPIT | OTL 0-88 0-601 | "'tvox 0-66 }0-99 |0-86 |@-LE | 2-F9 , 0-Z0T Be 0-FOL | 0-8F G.99 G-PIL | 9-68 0-*9 GSO 1°" ‘oad ces 10-99 | 2-86 |0-S& | 0-19 | 0-96 ra Ff 0-Z0T | 0-1¥ 0-89 0-FOT | 0-09 0-6F 0-601 |" “AON 0-CF |O-LF | 0-26 {0-98 | 0-69 | 0-06 Ae i 0-001 | 39 0-19 ¢-80L | &-#9 0-0F ¢-FOL |**49q09909 GSh | O-Lb | 9-06 |0-6h | 0-8h | 0-L6 p- oe G-96 | 0-67 0: FF 0-86 0-L¢ 0-0F 0-16 |"""""""adog 0-9F | 0-68 | 0-8 |0-FF | 0-FF | 0-88 rig te 0-66 | 0-9 0.0% 0-86 0-87 0-1F 0-68 | gsndny 0-88 |0-68 |O-LL |0-9F | 0-98 | 0-68 | 0-8F | 0-IF 0-F8 | 9-SF 0-L8 ¢-Z8 0-LE8 0-88 0-94 |" Ame 0-1F |0-L8 |0-8L |0-0F | 0-0F | 0-08 | 0-8F | 0-96 0-88 |(9e (eer |(2)¢-6L |(0.98 |()0-8% (20-64 |" oun 0-c8 |O0.LF |0-Z8 | 0-0 |0-0F | 0-06 | 2-SF | &-9F 0-26 | 0-9¢ 0-18 0-26 0-08 0. #9 reer et G.cg | G69 \(4)96 |0-08 | 0-69 | 0-68 | 0-98 | 0-69 0-96 | 0-98 0-#9 0-06 0-08 0-69 0-68 | [Hay 0-93 | 0-69 |0-F6 | 0-86 |0-L9 {0-96 | 0-98 | 0-69 0-86 | 0-86 0-¢9 0-06 0-86 0.99 0-06 |°** qyouwy 0-22 |0-TL | 0-86 |¢1F | 9-99 | 0-80T|0-L8 | 0-99 0-GOT | 0-66 0-99 0-6 .68 0-99 G-F6 | Arwnaqoiy 0-26 | 0-69 |0-16 |0-98 | 0-L9 | 0-01 | 9-0F | 0-99 S901 |g 0-89 GOI | 0-83 0-89 0.96 |*'Arenuee : ‘ul “xe ‘ "ul “xv ‘ ‘ul xt ‘ u : : “ * osuvy ia jae tH esuvy Pg i nse osu0y shade Pisa esuvy Pog Pe 1H “oSuvy pry Se BS 1H ‘ : “yqUOy ‘088 ‘GL8T "S181 “L181 ‘OL8T ‘IQVHG XI AUALVATAWHY, 10 WONVY TWMUAXT ATHLNOY ‘TIA GTAVL 6 *popsooas 8x40} A[UO—u9yorq ones ssupy , “ec 00-801 ee see ies OLST ca ee “ef qsoqroad té *‘SOIOUL FL.OP a 7"? A? GLSL UL [[OJ Urwz Jo FUNOWL 4SVOT OTL, ‘s1vok OATOAY SNOTAIA JO WvEUT OAOGY TOUT gP.0 10 “savak Z2-CL |8GL | LS | 9%S | IT | 68-0 | 08% IL@ Ch.P 6-1 GEST | TET | LOT [eT savoyy bi €1-6L6 | 69-46 | 98-28 | 16-1 | EFFI | 99-11 | 16-6c | SI-Se | G8-le | F4¢6 | 1-006 | 86-911 | ¥6-96T |''suNg : O18 | 6&4 | 148 | 29-1 | 110 | O10 | 99-8 63 9L- IGFL | OFS IL-13 | €9-30 | O88T a 88-FL | £80 | 60-0 | FLr | ILT | 89-8 | 161 89: 99. IT | 9-06 | 99-8 88-61 | GL8T A 9F-¢8 | 6FIL | 69-8 | LE | 00-6 | 6F-0 2-0 c0-¢ PLef 00-1 G6-2F | 69-9 06.9 SLI te #-0L | 08-8 | 99-L | #80 | 880 | $10 | 38-0 88-8 90.( CLP 68:28 | 10-41 | Zh6 LLST 10-9 | 90% | 16-1 | 6&I | SLO | 91-0 | 966 PL-§ Le. SZ GPEL | 09-9 09:8 9L8T a ZP-COL | 09-€ | LS | $0.0 | G60 | 68-0 | SL 7g. £9:21 | O19 | 6FT 16-88 | €88I | SLST < 99-28 | 8&FT | 09-1 | 99-F | 68-6 | °°" PLP gg. Zl 60-9 GFL | 66-9 FL6L | PL8T a 90-69 | 28-41 | Su-% | 61-0 | 89-0 | eI | 88-T Fg 68-2 FP #9-8 81-9 €@-16 | SL8I | FL-9F | 18-9 | LP | 40-0 | 8F0 | SL-0 | 98-0 09: 6-3 reins 10-3 €1-21 | OFST | ZLST a 08-08 | 29-01 | &@F | 21-6 | SLe | 160 | “"°" C63 06 66-1 €6-01 | OLL L¥-8G | TLSI i 00-801 | #1-9 | 96-9 | L9-% | OLT | 6836 | FLS ¥6- 10-6 | «89-1T | «Z9-LT | 428-13 | «89-66 | OLST 9-9 | 16-9 | €0-3 | 4-0 | €9-0 | 180 | LO 18-2 E9.h 18-8 L1G | LOSt | 96-9 698T OF-G9 | ZL-h | S@T | 68-0 | OL-0 | 2-0 | L&.> IF $3: TT 96-3 Z-9 = |(2)00-06 |(4)09-1 8981 fron “7041 “AON 990 -adag sy “sine ‘ounp Aa on 4 “oat “qT “agp aned. ‘Avyouyy (“bey ‘uosprarg wom “f) UOyTquL[y vaApuvxXoTy ye TIVANIVY TIA GTavi a8 : THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. Diameter of receiving-surface of rain-gauge, 8 inches. Height of receiving-surface of the gauge above ground, 4 ft. 6 inches. Approximate height of ground above the level of the sea, 60 feet. Approximate distance from town, 6 miles, in a due westerly direction. The greatest fall of rain occurred on the 10th March, 1878, when 14:07 in, 4 fell in beens, Sete hours. 1870, Nov. Te ee, * IS7l. dane 6 5°48 yy 1872. 4 12 ; B55 %} Dec. 4 3°82 ms 1873. Jan. 14 4°74 $y Dec. 24 ho eg 1874. Jan. 22 20S. 5, Dee. 5 6°83 ” £S75t. Pate BL veins 4°11 + e Feb. 16 4°50 yy ” » 20 6°42 ” is Apl. 18 10°25 ¥5 ” y 19 5°75 ” ” May 26 4°70 ” ” 27 5 00 In this year there were fourteen days on which abore three inches of rain fell, on six of which days above — inches fell. 187 an. 755 27 +3 atei6 3s i 1877. Feb. 20 5 4°35 ” is Mar. 14 5s Feb. 1 3°68 ” ” Mar. Best 3°24 ” ” oo” 10 3°56 ” 1880. Jan. 23 . 4°63 ” o> Feb. ‘ 5 7 U2 ” Lee ” 18 4°20 ” ” July 12 A Bs w# THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. g PBEGCORNRUORCRERRBEEERGEAE SERPS ewowzwaanan Total ... TABLE X. RarnFatt, Mackay District, for March, 1878. Town. Alexandra. Cedars. Hollow, 4°38 2°71 4°88 1°24 4°74 3°40 5°42 3°07 2°81 2°35 217 4°74 101 1°39 0°95 1:29 0°62 0°63 1°18 lll 0°43 0°30 0°52 001 O11 0:00 0:00 0:01 0-48 0°60 0°94 0°28 714 4°65 3°93 6°64 16°81 14°07 15°85 8°98 4°90 2°63 2°87 0°70 0-09 0°03 0°00 0°72 0-14 0°22 0-00 0:28 0°43 071 0°63 0°64 017 0°30 0°52 0°45 0°17 0-45 0°58 0°05 0°12 0-12 0-06 0°14 0-00 0°00 0°00 0:00 0°09 0°27 0°00 0°09 0°59 0°32 1°39 0°45 0°45 0°19 0°32 0°69 0°26 0°37 0°16 0:06 0-07 0°22 0°42 0°35 0°20 0°02 0°19 O17 0-07 0°24 0°06 0-06 0°10 0-09 0-00 013 0°52 0°37 0°00 0-23 0°05 0°20 0-00 0-09 2°26 4-19 3°45 0°46 2°47 191 113 153 0°00 0°00 0°05 0-04 51°68 42°95 47-67 34°70 29 28 23 30 No. of Wet Days RatxFatt, Mackay District, for February, 1880. THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. TABLE XI. Day. Town. | Hollow. |Alexandra.| Cedars. — got 1 000 | O14 | 013 | 0-49 | O88 | O11 2 048 | O37 | 043 | O74 | O12 | 0°47 3 025 | 009 | O14 | 043 | 006 | O-15 4 015 | O12 | 015 | 030 | 3:92 | 0-32 5 750 | 563 | 7:02 | 11°55 | 5°34 | 5°80 6 524 | 535 | 270 | 351 | O11 372 7 060 | 000 | 000 | o-12 | 013 | 0-00 8 0:00 | 001 | 000 | 000 | 0-00 | 0-00 9 0:00 | 0:00 | 000 | 063 | 0-00 | 0-00 10 064 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 0-42 | 0:00 1l 024 | 030 | 000 | 000 | 0-04 | 0°52 12 000 | 021 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 0-13 13 00S | 000 | 0-00 | 600 | 000 | 0-09 ce 000 | 007 | 015 | 000 | 000 | 0-00 15 0:00 0:00 0:00 0-00 0°00 0°00 16 000 | 000 | 010 | 000 | 1°36 | 0-00 17 000 | 0-01 | O12 | 000 | 408 | 0°00 18 638 | 5S1 | 420 | 627 | 211 0:87 19 229 | 167 | 1°75 | 212 | 1-21 2:38 20 125 | 214; 215 | 1°87 | 290 | 5:30 21 180 | 218 | 292 | 220 | 212 | 2:90 _ 2 O87 | O91 | 015 | O78 | 0-73 | O11 23 030 | 059 | 0-00 1:00 0°18 0°16 24 O0f | 028 | 012 | 000 | O11 | 0713 25 005 | 007 | 000 | 028 | 000 | O15 26 000 | O01 | O11 018 | 0-00 | 0-00 27 009 | 000 | O17 | 0:00 | 000 | 0:00 28 0:00 | 000 | 0-00 000 | 000 | 0-00 29 000 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 0:00 Total...... 28°06 | 25-96 | 21-71 | 32-47 | 25°32 | 23°31 No. of 16 20 17 16 18 ; 7 THE CLIMATE OF MACKAY. 39 RaInFatt, Mackay District, for the year 1880. Month. Town. Hollow. |Alexandra.| Cedars. ene g nrona Nebo. Jan --| 10°20 | 11°63 | 12°63 86 15°33 9°38 4°82 eb -| 28°06 | 25°96 | 21°71 | 32:47 | 25°32 | 923-31 3°95 March 5°04 4:04 46 5°52 6°31 1°52 0-00 pril...... 19°29 | 10°97 | 14:21 | 14°61 | 14°62 9°75 4°05 May ...... 1°79 0-99 1 14 1°64 0-00 0°13 June ...... 1°14 1°71 29 2-20 3°57 0°50 0°86 Se 10-08 8-26 855 | 10°06 | 10°57 6°50 | 12°57 August 0-00 0-04 0°10 0-15 00 0-00 0:00 ee 0°38 0-20 0-11 0°37 0°83 0:00 0-00 October 3-05 1:07 1°62 2°67 1-03 1°33 0°98 Ov. . 6°67 1-64 3°87 4°50 1°91 1-28 9°67 Dass os 10°61 6°60 7°39 | 10°37 6°94 6°25 1‘73 Tes 96°31 | 73-11 | 81:10 | 93°04 | 88-07 | 59°82 | 38°76 Town rain-gauge at Tele egraph Office, 8 ft. 4 in. above ground, with 8 in. receiving surface ; about 3 miles from the coast. The “ Cedars” rain-gauge (M. Hume Black, Esq., M.L.A.), = ae eee ground, with 8 in. receivin ving surface, situated about 5 miles fr feos i ?) abo The ‘‘ Homebush” rain-gauge (F. H. Myddleton, Esq.), 3 ft, 6 inches above ground, with 8 in. receiving surface, miainted ‘about 124 miles = town ina S.W. direction, and about 120 ft. above the level of the ae The “ Bloo: msbury” rain-gauge (Tel. St.) issituated about 65 miles north of , Mackay, within abou t 6miles of the coast, ata tolerable aan. “ _ The “Nebo” ra: in-gauge is s situated about 75 miles from peonride across the range in a south-westerly directi [Plan.] TABLE IX. Curves of the Rainfall at Alexandra Plantation (J. Ewen Davidson, Esq.), Mackay. ga Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. es Saat 5 ~, Gee ‘soe 45 ato Me Rene Rone rg ees 1878 42 acess Be & 4] ba 40 a Le 6 eet Be or - Pe a " Sa 35 84 openers, “ eb See ee 32 31 lene Sieaiay 30 PL 29 Ee Se ae 28 aE Bos 27 POEL imagen 5 26 2 Shite Se 5 of aes co ee Ee ~ OS SRE Sie Max. 20 Petcare ey \ i ESSE 2 pe ea | Ge Wie prj omanee ae 1 Is. md Shad 18 ree, Mean, 13 years. 7 aces ll S00 10 = \ i 9 Se 7380 7 : a eo ee as a 6 ~—__| 44 \ y N 6 Sousa \ cd 4 Ba “ 7 Pi. 786: 2 Sree, SR | Loa nest Min. — This mon distribution of the rainfall. ee in March, 1878, w! cing Aner wopr pone eee : ae i i I ue Ee ri ; me month occurred August, Isa, (uring thirteen years in which no rain at all fell; these sare April, 1872, > 1871, and LITHOGRAPHED AT THE GOVT. PRINTING OFFICE. Se /4. 8i (b] SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES. three months = Notes of a Journey on the Darling. By W. E. Axport, Wingen, N.S.W. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S. W., 1 June, 1881.) there, I accepted the offer. In the course of my travels I met Darling, or Barwon, as it is there The country from Murrurundi to Walgett is perhaps as rich as any part of the Colony, or even of Australia, consisting of o P and low timber, there being a noti scarcity of w called, in i sense, forest country. _The trees are of a tolerable size for about 100 miles west of the Liverpool and after that all the tim! dwarfed. What 1s called forest land in Australia gets its name on the lucus a non lucendo principle, because there is an absence of anything in the Shape of genuine forest timber. The massi running up here timb Some ironbark, and along the banks of the rivers there is a gh the of good-sized gum trees, but thou country is lial 4 massive trees “— hundreds of feet and shutting out the light of day with their — 42 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. means timberless in the sense of having no timber at all of kind, the absence of large trees is a noticeable feature in scenery. The traveller going westward from the main range on an the rivers, from the Gwydir in the north, to the Lachlan in in the vicinity of the Great Dividing Range until, before read the Darling, he will find that, with the exception of the red all the trees so familiar to the dwellers on the East Coast and a rith trees or shrubs of various kinds, seldom rising more than 20 or 30 feet in height. And this brings me 0 * ‘NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 43. Supposing the soil to contain a large quantity of salt, which, to judge by the salt nature of the vegetation and the number of salt wells, seems very probable, would not the effect of the rainfall be to wash the salt out of the surface soil and carry it down to the subsoil, and then the surface-rooting plants might flourish and deep-rooting plants which could not bear a salt soil would perish ? course in sandy country, where the water could percolate freely, the salt would be carried to a greater depth than in clay soils, and so we find the salt-bushes almost without exception growing on clay soils that are not subject to inundation. is would account for the fact of the rivers having a fringe of gum and ges as they are called, although in many cases there seems to be no ridge but only a change from clay to sand, and in the only place in which I saw a section of the strata the clay was overlying the sand. After leaving Walgett I went up the Darling (or Barwon) to the Queensland boundary, and noticed that in all the country on the lower Namoi, and all up the Barwon to Queensland, there isa remarkable absence of stones or rocks of any kind. There is a ind of rock showing in the Barwon River in one or two places, more particularly at Bundinbarrina Falls, but the appearance 1s rather that of burnt clay than of what one might call a genuine rock. I brought a specimen from Bundinbarrina Falls, and after- wards, on examining the Fishery as it is called at Brewarrina, which is about 160 miles lower down the Darling, I saw that the exactly the same in both places, the river descending not ina single a ; but in a series of rapids by which in about 100 yards it falls eet. murrillo means ant-hill— is, the red cone-shaped ant-hill that 1s found in all the northern and wes parts of New South sex ese ant-hills nearly always built on the high : are gtound in that part of the Colony, to avoid floods, and as the 440 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. are found. These murrillo ridges are not by any means num Darling and as far west as the Warrego, and southward ne Bourke, and up the Bogan nearly to Nyngan, I always fou composed of the same cong] te—that is t] in apy In looking at these murrillo ridges and seeing the ground s with white waterworn pebbles, looking almost as if there had fall of snow, I often wondered what could have been the gee character of the country from which this conglomerate orig came. e pert m prove beyond question that the materials must have been constituents are found in sitw without any appearance of | been subject to the action of water in motion. About 50 miles east of Cobar, over a large extent of — is a rather remarkable place where the er ¥ Tate 1s exposed at Grawin Water between the Narran Darling, about 15 miles from the Narran River and 20 he game _ Riding along in a slightly undulating country interspers rich p $ one comes suddenly on what seems to be a fine with steep rocky banks about 20 feet high, and a body: ; and on ge : : same thing happens in a short ‘Magnificent river begins and ends in about a mile. — NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 45 out on to the western plain ; but the thing which strikes one at 60 yards in width and 20 or 25 feet deep. On examining the country round and making inquiries, I found that there was a very large area of country (of which Cawarra Plain is the lowest part) surrounded by ridges, and only open to the north towards the Narran River, and it seems probable that this used in times of flood to be filled from the Narran, and that the point in which Grawin Water is now found was the lowest place where the water broke over the ridge and escaped from the lake which must have covered those plains at that time. Of course if this theory is correct it is easy to understand how the water, after rising to the top of the ridge, with a fall of about 20 feet in about half a mile, would have force to cut a channel for itself and the then flooded state of the country, to find out where the water came from, but the probability is that it was the overflow of the arran. The murrillo conglomerate shows in the banks oP amt comet and is lying on a white rather soft rock, almost as light ‘ss “meer schaum, of which I brought specimens with me. In some places this underlying rock is so soft as to be easily cut with a knife, and in others as hard as flint.* ? * Within the last few days I have been informed by Mr. Bagot, of Gun- dabline, who has been Ponidiedlt on the Moonie River, near the Queensland re known to him are the murrillo conglo ; some, of ing above the like those of Gerrarra, only coming to the ey ve the surface and some, | ee 108 aay oe continent, an t : ‘ a sort of bar which obstructs the flow of the underground water to the south- — West and so causes it to rise up to or near the surface in many places, 4 3 i 2 4G NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. After leaving the Queensland border I followed the N; River down to ‘the lake, which terminates its course, and whi when. I visited it, was almost full for the second time, as 11 emptying into the Darling, and the only one which does not that river, but after a course of about 100 miles in New Sou Wales falls into a depression in the country and forms a lake. The Narran Lake has, I peace been dry more than once it was first discovered, and as I was informed by some of th hands in that part of the SEY. will not last much more year after the Narran ceases to flow into it. The lake, a ath the two lakes together, are about 15 miles long, and in about 8 miles wide, Poe cover, as nearly as I could entitle a area of about 35,000 a The two lakes are connected by an opening of about : yards in width, through which the water flows from the nortit lake which receives the Narran River into the southern - the lake the channel is well defined and capable of a 7. ca body of water, being about 40 yards dams. At the time of my visit to Narran Lake, oF Water as it is more commonly called, the river had © running for about six weeks and the lake had begun to showing a sea ove stretch of land round the edge W NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 47 river into the southern lake, which has no apparent outlet. The strange thing about this lake is the enormous quantity of water Mr. arran River, about 8 miles above the lake, he would of course have a good opportunity of observing it. I endeavoured to form clusion, as if it were connected with the Darling it is aonnene: possible but that the place where the Narran water reached the was dry, but one stockman who had been on the run for some years described it to me as full of large holes. The fact that after the river had ceased to run for six weeks there was still a current owing from the northern to the southern lake would go to show that the water idly in the southern than = ~ m the northern portion. Narran Water seems to T may Say in millions. On on water’s edge for about 10 miles, and for the whole distance covered for some hundreds of yards from the shore with ducks of all kinds and wild geese, and a little further out were vast flocks of when the channel is full by examining the crossing-place where the . 48 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, ence a herd of wild pigs that were wallowing in the shallow wai The channel of the Narran River, which has a fringe of low gun on each side near the lake, has been taken possession of for ab miles upwards as a breeding place for the cormorants, and at the ol such numbers that the water was almost black with them in p is is not by any means easant part of the lak fragments of fish that are lying under the trees, and which po w the air for a considerable distance round, while flocks of horse and approaching the trees on which the nests were built young birds would immediately throw themselves on to the gr different people that there does not seem to be any reason to dou NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 49 water reaches the lower part of Mara Creek. Mr. Yeomans, of Gilgoin, showed me a well, which is situated about 10 miles east of Mara Creek and 15 miles south of the Darling, which there flows east and west. The well or spring is called in that part of the country “the cuddie,” which I was informed means, in the language of the aboriginals, “bad water’ ; but as I have heard of two or three places about there called by different names, all of through the same clay. The cuddie is situated in the centre of a water has retired, the trunks of the trees, to the height at which it stood, are disco. i : en levels. When the country was first taken up, the cuddie was simply a bog-hole, which never dried up—always, even in the Scooped oe ae ‘in dry cooped it out, but forming a dangerous trap for cattle, as, in times, they were sure to be tempted in looking for water, and, G ‘ =i Mo. Bot. Garden, 1897. a oe!) - NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING: - onee in, it was impossible for them to escape from the thick t cious mud, In the last drought, of 1877, Mr. Yeomans fenced zs und in, and sank a well to the depth of 28 feet in’ centre of it, and, as he went down, found the water rising upfi But the most remarkable thing was that from the surface full depth to which the well was sunk the earth was found full of fossil bones in a splendid state of preservation, many them being beautifully enamelled as if with some deposit from water. Mr. Yeomans told me that many of the bones were thi than a man’s leg, and the skeletons seemed to be complete j the animals had sunk into the treacherous ground. bag we led with some of the bones and taken home, and from time ®~ time they were given away as curiosities to different people d at the date of my visit, all had disappeared except about a fragments of jaws and teeth, which were retained by Mrs. Ye on account of their ornamental appearance ; and in this Ib that lady has done something for science, as the late Mr. B whom one of the teeth was sent, was of opinion that it bel & new species of crocodile. | m. _ At the time of my visit there had been some heavy ™ _ that a complete collection of the bones of all the __ that part of the Colony in past times could be made, 08 all animals must have into the trap, and the water NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 51 which is quite clear, insomuch that the bottom of the well can be seen through 28 feet of it, seems to have a preservative effect which would have kept them in a good state. The fact of the animals having sunk into soft mud and never since having been dis- turbed. or rolled about by flowing water, would lead one to expect that very complete skeletons would be found by carefully excavating. e water of the cuddie is rather sweet-tasted and good for Il. The fact of so many bones being collected in this place would go to show that the country must have been, when diprotodons. searce, so that these extinct animals were tempted to their destruction 8, were situated in country so nearly level that the water ot sufficient force to cut ehat any how nearly they approach a dead level. very heavy thunderstorm in the country west of the Bogan wie seeming to be perfectly still. I have seen some waterholes m neighbourhood of Cobar that are called blackfellows’ tanks, wit are supposed to have been excavated or at least deepened byt aboriginals as camping-places in their hunting expeditions, | they left the river frontages after wet weather ; but these easily distinguished from the gilgies proper by the fact that at® blackfellows’ tanks the clay excavated is still to be seen besidet waterholes, while in the gilgies there is no appearance of any bankment, the ground all round being perfectly level. a v account for the gilgies being few and shallow in the vicimh water-courses or permanent water, and more numerous and di in at work other agency than that which originally NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING.- 53: for the formation of small natural depressions a few feet or yards in diameter, as we see them made almost every season. en the ground cracks, and afterwards rain falls so as to close up the cracks, the surface does not return to a perfect level, but every place where a crack was situated forms a hollow by the falling in of the sides, and any of these hollows, if situated in a dry country and capable of holding water for a time, would be sufficient to start a gilgie. some un mee watercourse. n most parts of the Duetinge watershed where I have been, but more particularly o on Messrs. Crean and Featherstonhaugh’s run, which is situated between the Calpe and Warrego Rivers, there . are to be seen depressions of 2 0 r 3 feet in depth and sometimes 4 down wit it some portion of the clay soil, and of course mus ie up to any means so that water would stand in the hollow, - a gilgie would be the result. I could not hear of any one having attempted to sink a well in one of these depressions, although it seems to me they would be most likely places in whi search for water. _The we -known in many cases, With supplies of water that would " sieathatintibies and one might also infer, generally, from the fact of the surface water having found its way through the clay at these places, that there the clay mer least thickness and the water-bearing strata nearest to the SU After r inspecting the runs on Mara Creek, I had to go out to that part of the Colony near the northern boundary, where the Warrego River enters from —_— for the -_— of ap- praising a run called Gerrarra. After crossing th Darling at at Brewarrina, for the second time, I pent out to a station called es situated on the Cato Creek, about 4 miles north after t a course of a few miles. The Quantambone, or Cato Station, <. 8 it is now called, is the property of Mr. John Todd, and by him f4 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. I was told of a remarkable sight which can be seen any morning from the place where his head-station is situa the back of the Cato head-station, in a north-west direction f the Darling, isa very large extent of timberless country, th being nothing in view as far as one can see to the north and wel but a grass-covered plain. On the morning after I reached th Cato I got up about half-an-hour after sunrise, and, looking 0 across the plain to the north-west, I saw, at a distance apparel of about 3 or 4 miles, a long line of cliffs extending 20 seemed to be growing. examined it carefully with an oper glass, and found that if I had not seen the open plain before, ‘ there is such a dead monotony produced by intensely level pl and stunted trees, with sluggish streams of muddy water wal ing about as if they were uncertain as to which way the understand how this peeuli at wmuean POECUAL from the apparent position of the sun just above the hori ng, in the same place—that the trees and cliffs are : The whole scene, as I saw it in August of last year, is ve getting up early or for the trouble of going to Bre when, as in my: case, there is left an i ; ( nd it, - being able to un NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 55 I reached Gerrarra three days after leaving the Cato, and had an opportunity on the way of examining the cane swamps as they are called, of which I have more to say further on. Gerrarra, or Gerrarra Springs, belongs to a Mr. Shearer (who is a very old resi- dent in that part of the country), and is only remarkable for the springs from which the run takes its name. There are two springs situated within about a mile and a half of each other in a line i in th ‘direction, which were known to him for a distance of 150 miles, i ing in some cases like those at Gerrarra, close together and in others separated by long intervals of waterless country. Some of the springs in this line overflow and some, as coloured sand slightly cemented together, out of which the water was coming. The cemented sand was resting on a very hard con- ee composed chiefly of quartz pebbles ; in fact, the same by droughts, and stands in these springs at a few feet below the general level of the surface of the country, not flowing over but standing always at the same height. They are situate nearly midway between the Culgoa and Warrego Rivers, being about 26 miles from the former and 35 —— from the latter, and about 20 miles south of the acemioat are a the Warrego, between the Queensland and Bourke, and though I have seen some in other amps there are small islands, raised about a foot above the general ee evel, scattered over most of the flats, and on these islands, which BG: + NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. grass does not grow, but instead we find different kinds of sa such as grow on ordinary salt-bush plains. The islands seer 4 ] bv 21: a aay bP ae tanks ; as if a tank is made in any part of the cane swamp all it 8 undrinkable ; but this is a drawback which affects more all tanks in the Darling country, and the only remedy is #] vent the stock from going into the tanks at all. : I had an opportunity when I was out there of exami tanks that had just been excavated in cane swamps and whi not been filled with water, so that I could see what the making inquiries among the people who have been sinking in such places, I was told that t ey never find anything : stones or gra What makes this fact remarkable is that though the cane *" epressic ns slowly silted up, and though there does not seem to be # ‘Sufficient impetus to carry j d grav scattered over the present ee ee ee to me to be ordinary trap rock, i] yuna, ~ tie NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 57 These fragments, which are of all sizes up to about 3 inches in diameter, have no appearance of having been carried along in water, as the corners are perfectly angular, and they are not embedded in the clay, but rest on the surface as if they had only been just laid there. I could not find out where they came journey. An explanation, offered by Mr. Crosse, a squatter in are situated, that the stones are of meteoric origin seems to me not to meet the difficulty. First, it seems strange that there should in that part of the country have been such a very large shower of meteoric stones when in the rest of the world showers to give up the idea of examining them. I believe they are to be found scattered over a large area of the north-western part of the Colony, as I heard of them being in many places, and from 58 : NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, ‘opened for it. I should think that the cheapest method of this would be by means of tube wells, which could be forced g, near Louth, I saw a At a station which I was inspectin pe ing salt water from a well curious effect. produced by mixin tho from the well with it, water in the tank had become almost quite clear, having aps a thick sediment at the bottom, and was free from any smell, and on tasting I could just detect the saltness of 1 water. The proportion in the mixture was not, I should more than one of salt, water to twenty of muddy, and the of gets re was not capable of holding in suspension ba From Louth I returned to Bourk af iding ¥ oa e, and, after prov. ith fresh horses, started out into the dry country situated the Darling, Lachlan, ivers. There is a large country almost enclosed by these three rivers, over 2¥ NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 59 space on the maps of the Colony. The country seems to rise with a very gradual slope from the Darling, at Bourke, in a southerly direction towards the Lachlan for about 150 miles, to near Gill- ia, and all the water up to that point goes in the direction of the Darling, but there are no water-courses marked on the maps the direction of all the three rivers named—this being, as it were, the centre of dispersion. The gullies coming out from the moun- I an opportunity of examining them, to be composed of trap. Springs are to be found in some pl g the mountains, but as they seem to be only the result of local drainage they are not of much importance except to the owners, ere is a creek calle defined — on the maps of the Colony, nor even on the run maps ©! e Occupation Office, which rises at Mothumbil, about 30 miles pass down it, but except in flood-time there is no water apparent in the channel. By digging in the coarse sand with which it is which the creek passes are watered. All along Sandy (or Crowl - - it 1s called in some places), which has not been made a : ntage in laying out the runs, the lessees seem to know ae i into the Mallee country and isappeared, some that it spread out over the level land and Darling Lae y . : from 3 3 but I did not meet with —— ae — > 60 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. The work of stocking this dry country is a slow and lab s, and there has been a considerable amount of hard danger attached to it, but within the last four or five ‘many stations have been made and so much country fenced to country has been going on faster round Cobar for some: five years past than in any other part of the Colony, the supply tank. 5 filled sooner or later, a large men is set to work with drays, ploughs, scoops, and t€ horses or bullocks, to excavate a permanent tank, water draught animals in th ) lony is generally weary work, but tank is filled and chasell ae on sosslly phe a The station-buildings are erected, stock bought, and %¢ -sinkers set to work in all directions, drawing of water in drays or waggons from the first course if there are a few good gilgies that will h or three months scattered about the run there will ? NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, 61 saving of time, but even then, and when capital is plentiful, the lessee will in very few cases get any return for hi i until after the lapse of at least two years, and the time may be extended by a few adverse seasons to four or five years, which are passed through our ports. These are the spoils, and the export entries are often the only records of victories as great and glorious as any that have ever been won by “the hardy Anglo-Saxons, to to be met and where lives are sometimes lost, is not done with any public or patriotic object in view; but, nevertheless, the public will and do reap the benefit, and the men who undertake it deserve all the honour and encouragement that can be given to em. We see and hear much of the successes, but the failures—the cases in which money and youth, and courage and energy, and even life, have been expended in vain—go unrecorded. I suppose there must be failures; sacrifices must be offered to the spirit of progress-—often the best we have ; but when the victory is won, 1s it well to reward with abuse those who have fought the battle for When Jack Smith, with his trusty revolver at his side, goes forth into the unknown wilderness in search of a new run ora new gold-field, risking all that he has, even to his life, he is doing as ress = and, although he is unconscious of it, is as much a hero s. These back lathes had little i no value in their natural state, and the value which they now possess is chiefly that which has n given to them by the money and energy which have been expended on them, and these certainly formed no part of “the public estate,” To people who have seen these things and know what settle- ment in the dry back country really is, it is not a little stin hear the outcry that is continually being made about great 62 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING fortunes acquired out of “the public estate” and at expense, and the outcry is loudest among the people taken no part in the struggle, and whose wages, work, and are being increased by what is going on. e rew squatters, and more particularly the back-blockers, recei into consideration the numbers engaged in the work and portion of successes to failures, is not excessive, and fp seem to get for their reward, in ninety-nine cases out of a nothing at all. If the sale of land in all the outside country, exe of town and suburban settlement, were ab of water, and second, because in no case can one find the strata such as is so apware times, geologica cleared the water off and left it as we now =< it, ble and across to the Hunter, noticing that as I appr Dividing Range there was a gradual increase em getting smaller as I went west. Before concluding this paper, the lity of finding water under NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 63 it to the surface by boring in the Western plains. The materials at my command are not numerous, being very little besides Mr. Russell’s rainfall observations and calculations as to the outflow of the Darling, and what I have been able to collect myself in a journey of about five months’ duration, and they apply to a vast area of country, so that I am not at all sure that the time has yet come for arranging them and endeavouring to show what lesson they teach. But, on the ground that no harm can be done by opinions based on even a few facts, I have decided to make the g rtal , Russell undertook to draw up the circular, and I referred the Min- ister to him as a guarantee that the object in view was of some their received a reply informing me that the Honorable the Minister for Mines did not think the appraisers should be delayed in their work, and for that reason would not forward the circular. How- ~ ever, as allthe runs have to be appraised every five years, it is to hoped that some future Minister may be advised to request the appraisers to make notes of all natural springs and wells giving @ large supply of water in the Darling watershed, with the depth of the wells, depth at which water stands, whether wes by dry . UL obtaining water in large quantities in any particular part of the delay them to any appreciable extent. They would, in fact, give — scientific men, who are not, as a rule, to be found on the frontiers of civilization, an opportunity of attempting the solution of a problem which is of the very greatest importance to this and other Solonies, On the supposition that there is a great drainage system under the Western plains, taking away to the ocean that part of the rainfall which is not accounted for either by evaporation or by the outflow of the Darling River (and this seems to pra: 64 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, red wells. There is such a sameness about all the Westen impossible, that the underground water should find its way to the sea either on our northern or eastern coasts. ‘The maps of the interior of Australia are not, of course, very accurate yet, and it is only possible from them to make a fair guess at the genertl direction of the high land. But many thin that all the western parts of New South Wales and Queensland, rocks, the arrangement of the clay with reference to them seemed them while they were in exactly the same state as they ar a now, and that afterwards a gradual upheaval of the whole ws ens Ider es That the underground water would take the same general ai tion as the surface water seems probable, but that the unc drainage system is in any other way a counterpart be im- mensely in excess of the surface water, and would, in @ “ the surface soil was deposited, and where these lowest re ero d in fact 0& to the 8 . certain part of the annual rainfall, and one underground, et y an ancient river system, carrying off by far the larger portio® NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. 65 Tt may be that the underground water finds its way out along e bed of an ancient inland sea or gulf, something like the Baltic, in which case there would not be any well-definded drainage system, but it would pass along through the most permeable strata, and in either case would tend to rise above the surface wherever obstructions were met with. So little is known of what is under Queensland, or on the western coast of Australia, I cannot say much as to the probability of either of those connections having existed, but as far as I Which, though not very deep, seems to be connected with some Part of the underground drainage system. This well is 40 feet Water, 26 feet of hard cemented sand which crumbles down on . posure to the air, contains some waterworn pebbles, and is also impervious to water, and 5 feet of loose running sand; and the water on being reached rose to within 10 feet of the surface, foming up through the bottom in a thick spout. Mr. Meddlicot a. rod 14 feet long down through the hole out of which © water comes without meeting with any obstruction. Water brings with it some sand and fills the well up to the level at ich the loose sand was first struck, so that it has to be cleaned — from time to time. There is now in the well a ee F pump and a steam-engine attached, with which it 1s Possible: to eit oot the water in ra half a day; but the fact si the water can be reduced does not arise from a lowering of well ce of supply, but only from the sand which comes into the obstructing the inflow of water. the #4! Proved by the fact that a well, situated 100 yards from first, sunk through the same strata, except that the cemented H 66 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING sand begins from near the surface, dark clay being absent, reach . rise in the older “formations by which the water is, as it were dammed back and brought to the surface. Still in the same direction we reach the region of the mud springs on the Warreg? and Parco Rivers, which indicate a considerable head of press in the water that causes them. About 80 miles a little to the which also has sufficient pressure to carry the water abore fe surface, and which is described in another part of this pape? Tourale, between Bourke and Louth, I was told there is 4 i<— _ well, giving large quantities of water, but as my appralse® work did not allow me to inspect it I was unable to got many particulars. It is situated about 40 miles west of the pa but how deep it is, what is the quantity of water flowing out, the strata through which it has been sunk, I was unable err The general fall of the country as shown by my own notes theit distance to which dams throw back the water per foot of “a height, and the general direction of the rivers, is to the osegee’? in and is not more than 1 foot nor less than 6 inches to the ® have all the Darling country from Queensland to Louth, where I ri had an opportunity of travelling. The fall is remarkably i ee and I think 9 inches to the mile is as nearly as possib s That all these Springs and wells draw their supplies from bl } 8 very NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, 67 the permeable strata were narrow, and winding about to a certain extent as rivers do on the surface; and it is quite possible that two wells, comparatively close together, might strike different branches of the same drainage system and the water stand in them at different levels. The same water which supplies the well at Booroora, if tapped at Tourale (although Booroora, where the water stands at 10 feet from the surface, is nearly 150 feet higher than Tourale), would not there rise 140 feet above the surface, but the rise would depend altogether on the freedom of the outlet from Tourale to the sea. Wherever the obstructions to the free passage of the water were great there would be upward pressure, and where the water-way was open there would be no tendency to rise above the surface, although the supply to be obtained by . pumping would be just as great in one case as in the other. Tube wells will have an advantage over open shafts in so far.as the water can be prevented from escaping through the sides in any fissure or porous strata that may be above the water-bearing strata. is will be made clear by supposing a well to have reached a supply of water that comes in at the rate of 100 gallons per minute, with sufficient force to bring it up to the surface. When the area of country in Queensland to the north of this, in which the rainfall is comparatively heavy, which seems to have no outlet for its waters by surface drainage, and the mud springs which are Scattered about the country show, I think beyond question, that the water is there and that the force with which it tends to rise to the surface is very great. The only part of the western country in which I have been where it seems to me improbable that watt boring oo of dry country between the Darling and Lachlan Rivers : estern plai : it Iam inclined to : plains, and from what I saw of it Lam inc that the older strata in which the clay rests are there above 68 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. the general level of the Darling country, and being cut off from the higher land on the east by a long stretch of country from near the Bogan to beyond Gilgunnia, in which the older rocks come to the surface, it seems unlikely that there could be any unde When Mr. Russell first put forward the theory of an under- _ ground drainage system to explain the great disparity between the ground channels in all directions would in many places cut through the clay beds and form communications with the underground water, so that strong springs would be numerous in the Darling and its tributaries, but when one has examined the Darling and cut across and expose the edges, and the rivers themselves are little better than shallow gutters cut in the clay. ‘ The Mara Creek (which is the channel by which the Macquari¢ waters reach the Darling), the Namoi, Narran, Bokira, Culgoa rivers. ; no soakage of water from the rivers under the adjacent. county, inge, new : banks and flooded water in the well was not affected at all. On the Bogan, told of a well having been sunk in the bed of the river during dr ‘ought of 1877, to a depth of 40 feet, through perfectly ay thout finding any water, and in another part of the same™ NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING, 69 I saw a series of dams, by which the water was thrown back for any miles, and as far as I could learn there was no escape of water through the banks in any part; and it is the same in all the other tributaries of the Darling where I have seen or heard ing made. To one who has been used to the v ‘Scenery of an undulating or mountainous country, the terrible sameness of everything in the interior of the Colony is almost i Trees, rivers, and plains are all exactly the same for hundreds of miles, and everything about the rivers, after getting away from the Great Dividing Range and well into the interior, is different from what one would expect from a knowledge of the rivers of any other great drainage system ; and the difference is, as I said before, that here the rivers have neither made nor modi- fied the country. each other ; and if they did, the facts are scattered in so many hands that the first and most important work must be to collect and place them on record. Since writing this paper I received from Mr. John Todd, who was lately residing at the Cato, near Brewarrina, an account gs Australia, not far from the coast. The information is of so much importance, and seems to bear so directly on the question at issue, that I give it in Mr. Todd’s own words :— : “ Regarding the information you asked me for. The station that Thad in South Australia was distant about 25 miles from Guichen Bay and a little further from Rivoli Bay. There was @ coast springs exist, which when opened up keep a constant = Pply of water for stock. Then, on the coast side of the range i i o of which the water comes hese also strong spri , in bubbling up shock” 2 feet “high, which shows there must be @ 70 NOTES OF A JOURNEY ON THE DARLING. strong underground current. On the flat country we used to dig out waterholes, so that the stock could water at them. They would be from 10 to 12 feet deep, sometimes less where the ground was of a stony character. I have seen fish from 4 to 7 inches “On another part of the run there was a low-lying range About the middle of this I took out a waterhole, and into this one came leeches—the same kind as doctors use. The hole had no communication with any swamps.” Astronomy of the Australian Aborigines. By the Rey. Peter MacPuerson, M.A. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S. W., 6 July, 1881.] Ir is not my purpose merely to give a list of aboriginal names of stars and constellations. Looking over the materials to hand, and arrangements of the stars ! ere are, indeed, evidences of imagination in tracing resemblances between objects on the and the outline formed by certain stars. Thus we have the Northern Crown forming the curve of a boomerang; a group of stars in the Lion (as it appears to me) exhibiting the shape of an eagle's claw; the Crow, asa kangaroo; the Coal-sack, as the body of an emu ; the stars composing the Dolphin, asa great fish ; and the streams of stars in Berenice’s Hair, as a tree with three principal brane es, c nection was made between certuin stars and the seasons of year. Thus, the Pleiades (Larnankurrk) are a group of young females playing to a corroboree party of young men ( ulkunbulla), e- K represented by the belt and dirk of Orion. The red star Ald baran, Gellarlec, or rose-crested Cockatoo, is an old man keep- - 92 ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. individual bright stars as Sirius and Aldebaran. As the year advances we come to the Twins, who are two hunters, Yurre and Wanjel. These pursue and kill Capella, which in the aboriginal mythology is called Purra, and represents a kangaroo. The mirage is the smoke of the fire at which Purra is cooked by The winter also has its ruling stars. These are Arcturus am Vega. Arcturus is known by the name Marpeankurrk, and 18 held in great respect for having taught aborigines where to find element of food during October. Here then are two represent ding with the two representative groups of stars e guiding ideas in one a are the corroboree and the kangaroo hunt ; in the other case, ©" aboriginal legends. In their oral literature the Cross i affords safety to Bunya (the Opossum) that was Pp changal (the Emu). The story goes that he i for his cowardice. Tchingal ti ears to be the im rsonation of evil, and is identified with the Doakaack: The pa of this - Space somewhat resembles the rough outline of the body of é emu, and hence it would seem tis the dusky figure of the em eee the impersonation of evil. The in fear into the tree at the e Stars, one in an arm, the other in the foot of the Cross. i t nal theology seems specially connected with Cross region and th | . i : e Southern The ee oot ‘ guished | 18 called War, or the Crow, which occupies &@ mi! left bis ; Pointers ae great warriors who spear and kill Tchingal, and their spear” two points represented by the two porigk ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. 73 place in aboriginal legends. Canopus is the male, and the small red star No. 966 in King Charles’ Oak, the female Crow. Strangely e is the Prometheus, the fire-bringer, whose good deeds are celebrated in fire-legends over the greatest part of Australia. Having got something like systematic arrangements, the ques- tion occurred whether other arrangements might be discoverable from the materials Mr. Stanbridge supplied, though they were not pointed out by him. Thus we find that Arcturus (Marpean- kurrk) is the mother of Antares, which the Boorong people & systematic grouping has been made. Three stars near other, and in a line or nearly so, form a starting-point. Hence we have the three stars in Orion’s belt, the three in the Scorpion, i i All are ‘ with Antares in the middle, and the three in brought into service. These three triads of stars are of such a stand out im a Those The three stars in Orion are the most regular in size and position. Of the three stars in the Eagle group, the one in the middle is by far the largest ; and of the Scorpion group, the one in the middle 18 not only the largest but it is also the red star Antares, the rival of the planet Mars, which sometimes comes in the vicinity of near together, becomes, as a whole, a starting-point to be asso- Clated with other points to form a new linear group on & larger forming a much longer line across the heavens. The triad 0! in the Scorpion becomes a starting-point from which a line is pro- tar Vega in another. Thus the triadic arrangement is fully car- nied out in three out of four groups. a 74 ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. The | arrangement in regard to Totyarguil is not injured by his boomerang being sent out of line to occupy the curve of the $ Moreover, the aboriginal astronomers who constructed the system we are unfolding were content with three points in a line This is very noticeable in the case of the group embracing Orion's belt, Aldebaran, and the Pleiades. Those engaged in making out i n h . the ideas t inear arrangement exists to suit rs, é put dis 3 All are tolerably arallel to the horizon as they mak i ri y mi E eee evening sky in their several seasons, 10 south latitudes about 36°, which is thet of the Mallee Serub about Lake Ty") Here there is an ingenious utilitarian scheme of the amar ; vie Seen varlous attempts made to group these bodies ie REPS: manner, so as to assist observers in acquiring ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. | 75 in distinguishing the different stars, but I do not remember any of them so successful as this. Necessity is the mother of invention, and no doubt the circumstances of aboriginal Herschels of the Mallee Scrub contributed to their success in the matter. The name Aguila is perhaps preserved in the aboriginal name, ToryaRGUIL. Let us follow a different line of inquiry. Glancing over the i fin . aboriginal combination of astronomy and mythology, we find quadrupeds. When we come to birds, we find the eagle, the crow, and other birds fixed in the mythological skies by _ inhabitants of Asia and Europe, and by those of Australia. of men in Orion going through the evolutions of the corro represented as a group of young damsels. mythology the faint Plei arses, is obscure compared with the others, becau: i ut > d analogies, Even the special notice of the less brilliant Merope 80 near the surface of observation that it would be unsafe to d much upon it. These coincidences, however, should be 76 ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. noticed, as in the course of further investigation other circum stances may come to light which would invest them with new value and importance. he cluster of stars belonging to the Dolphin occurs in Malle astronomy as the Great Fish. But here again, as the outline of the group is not unlike that of a fish, the resemblance might easily — be noticed by independent observers. We have seen that eagles and crows, as well as other birds, have been elevated to the skies Unfortunately, however, the aborigines have sent up so may eagles and crows, that the probabilities in favour of identification are lessened thereby. Sirius and Rigel are male and female eagles. tair and Vega (according to Mr. Ridley) are both eagles, and the orthern Crown is their nest. One of the Twins appears also European languages. As re some : guages. gards our present purpose, exists for believing that the name Zotyarguil not only refers toaD _ Latin aquila itself. Let us then examine the name Tot argu the aboriginal name of the star Atair, in Aquila. That it nie to the bright star of the group rather than to the group itself the not stop our progress. The particular often expands int general, and conversely, the general often concretes into Oe ticular. Moreover, the fact exists that Ptolemy applies ae eagle (actos) to the bright star itself. .. $he e first part of the word—Toty—is easily discovered 12 ® vocabularies to be an abbreviated form of the word towrlé © alk rguil, then, means the star Argull. : form, teired, signe” heavenly constellations. On the shield of Ach illes, made by a ne poet tells us, “The earth and sky and sea, . . . and all the iad, (teirea) with which heaven is crowned,” were rep sented.—( ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. 7 B. xviii, 484-7.) The root is wide-spread, being found in the Persian, Zend, and Sanscrit of Asia; in the Gothic, with its numerous modern descendants in Europe ; in the Latin, with its numerous descendants ; in the Greek, and in the Armoric branch of the Celtic language. may be here noticed that the sibilant, the letter s, is almost wholly wanting in aboriginal dialects. Now, althoug it occurs in so many roots, the Sanscrit and the Greek supply forms which elt “i q, as also with the aspirate forms gh, &e., all belong to one class east of Tasmania. There is one word of special interest ; it is word Coolapatamba. This is the aboriginal name of Mount Cairneross, in New England. The meaning of it has been thatorin waa-pil, an eagle, and also war-pil an eagle. It be — of course, that there are other forms in gl, &e., ts of aquila, in whic 8 various forms i ce between English and Continental spelling. Thus ar Ualee of Bishop ee a obviously the same as the Wobjar Sir rge Grey. We have an 7 in the one which is not in the The word Woljar is not unlike Vulture, and it means @ ture. As to the other forms, they arise from the well-known Variations which characterize the labials: p aspirated becomes ~ 78 ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES, _ The dropping of the initial stem-letter in a number of the forms requires to be noticed. An inspection of the rows of words givel from the vocabularies of aboriginal words leaves no doubt that 1t is the same root which is perpetuated through the series, though with many modifications. The chief modification is the droppings of the initial stem-letter represented by g, k, q, or ¢; but . c Europe and Asia. The Latin aguila, with its modern ee x, representative aguila, closely resembles the agal-eg of Cape South the walt of the Malay and Arabic languages, the willo of us a. : to The aboriginal name Totyarguil, with modifications, seems reappear both in South Australia and Tasmania. In the ia the year. Now, if Tot : pretty plain that Wiltutti exhibits the same roots “ Ne reve other South Australian form is Mpbesigeiser = g. This agrees with the twofold division betwee Summer group and the winter group, the eagle group bel and the latter. Again, the vocabulary of Messrs. Teichelman” 0 Schiirmann gives the word Willo as meaning an.eagle, a mere contraction of Wiltutéi the eagle—is a ruling sign in the heavens. ‘These associat to fix Totyarquil and Wiltutti as really the same nam w occurrence in South Australia of the name Wiltutl, ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES, 79 appears to be compounded of the same roots as Totyarquil, is not very wonderful, considering that the Mallee country extends far into South Australia. The occurrence of the word Weelaty in the south-east of Tasmania is more noticeable. This word means an eagle, and readily takes its place with the South Australian belongs to Victoria as a triangle, whose sides are about 200 miles in length. The area is about 13,000,000 of acres, and occu- ples about one-fifth of the whole area of the Colony. No river S bewildering. expanse of open ocean. This was * Suitable region for the cultivation of a knowledge of the stars. : : e materials preserved, which we have been investigating, seem pretty fairly to establish this claim. 80 ASTRONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. European and Asiatic words for eagle, hawk, &e. (1.) With stem letters of Aquila. Aquila ........... gle, ila. GL_ eagle, Spanish MER jeer ns senses GL_ eagle, French Os Seren eh eagle, Englis lish. _. (2.) Dropping the initial guttural. (Aquila “ Wali WL eagle, Malay, &e. Australian words for eagle. (1.) With same stem letters as Aquila. Agal-eg GL Goel ren GL eagle, Tasmania seaepestcas CL eagle, Wilson River r, N.S.W. aad ere K L_ eagle, Manning River, N.S.W. 3 Se a CL ‘where the eagle drinks,” Mount ee nae N.S.W. Klu-roong KL hawk, Victori Reis one KL hawk, Western Australia. WEDGE ia. ciuisis bees, GL eagle, V Pie Ekadie KL hawk, South 5 Anatolia (2.) Dropping the initial guttural. pre pping gu : eek \ UL eagle, Western Australia. WPI ii. tives WL eagle, laide. Wil-to W L star, eagle, Adelaide. l-tu W L season of year, Adelaide. Wil-latti W L spring, Ad eel-aty........, WL eagle, Tasm ‘di cai Wt ture, Western Australia. eg oe ee BL eagle, Darling River. ec eee BL eagle, E erm River. AE So BL_ eagle, Murray River. Pul-tyak...:..... PL eagle, } oe. ogee 2, 5 abo eS newk, | Pirr-pil — ee PL eagle, \ Vest of Vicborin em PL eagle, Richardson River, Mire i tee... ER PL eagle, per River, Victo 7 "susie iad ML hawk, South Au ML hawk, Western Au opal Paci sieucs ML eagle, New South Wales. Mul-lion........, ML eagle, Kamilaroi Mur len 0... MIL eagle, Wagga Wagga, N.S.W. Ste ae ML hawk, Victoria. Jam-mul Jam-mul hee eee dank? ML _ hawk, Port J: a hi The authorities for the foregoing Australian elmanD reton (Lieut.), Mitchell (Sir T. L. ), Stokes (Capt. >) Teicha oe (Revs.), — s Salvado (Bishop), M‘Gi ve igan, Ridley (Rev.), R gh Smyth, and Dawson, toge with some manuscript rscbabotinn The Spectrum and Appearance of the recent Comet. By H. C. Russext, B.A., F.R.A.S. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S. W., 6 July, 1881.] I saw the comet first on the evening of May 25th. It was then a conspicuous object with the naked eye, and with the aid of a binocular glass I traced the tail twelve degrees. With the 11}- inch refractor the nucleus was very well defined ; it appeared a little oval in shape, the longer axis being coincident with the direction of the tail. There was a slight coma in front of it. The diameter of the nucleus was four seconds of are. the cl T a had very much increased in front of the nucleus, The morning of June 5th was fine, a still greater m ma was visible, the greater part of it in front of over a small star, ninth magnitude, some of the brighter parts of the coma going over it without stopping any of its light, so far = could see. This star with others in the are shown in Star was obtained. It was remarkable the change in the coma Which seemed to have taken place since the morning, but from its Subsequent appearance I think it must have been our atmosphere that prevented me from seeing as much of the coma in the evening of the 5th as I did in the morning. n the morning of June 6th I obtained a good set of measures of the comet and a seven magnitude star, and on the evening of on in the coma. This was the only time that there seemed to any dark shadow behind the nucleus, and I may mention that the 1 82 SPECTRUM AND APPEARANCE OF THE RECENT COMET. The spectroscope I used was by Browning, and capable of clearly dividing the D lines, and the measures were made by means ofa micrometer. While working at the comet I was unable to use artificial light, and therefore adopted the method of making the lines disappear behind a bar in the field of view, with very sau | factory results. For the purpose of securing the exact positions of the bright lines, I turned the telescope to the moon then shining and measured the nearest Fraunhafer lines while the micrometét was in the same position as it was when used for the comet. Turning the telescope so that the slit of the spectroscope T ceived light from the tail of the comet, I found it was too aint to admit of good measures to the centre of each. The middle line was by far the brightest; the next in brilliance was in the yellows and the third and faintest was in the violet. ‘The whole Mam spectrum increased in brightness as the slit approached t but when the nucleus itself was on the slit all the additional : seemed concentrated in the middle of the B line until it shone almost like a star, and quite as bright as the nucleus — at ing that its light is monochromatic. Even in the brig est part” the comet I was unable to see any dark lines in the contmue™ spectrum. I think the reason was its faintness, reason to doubt that at least part of it 18 caused my sunlight ; but our atmosphere or gases in the § int it us would not reflect so much light as the comet does; ‘seems probable that highly heated solid matter of it. The solar heat at that distance from t no m 7 : ; 7 cence such as the bright lines prove the gas to be in- °. ward for the observed facts se eicl theories have been put frictio® agitation as it approaches the sun, and that this shines fn set discharge. Another is that it is due to chemical of aS up as the comet approaches the sun. In su roach oUF © may be said that meteors burning as they ap ‘5 indicate give spectra with bright metallic lines which see! ae must give me he comet ka ‘y ¢ ¥ ee ‘es ns SPECTRUM AND APPEARANCE OF THE RECENT COMET. 8&3 that they have matter in an oxidizable shape, and it may be that the comets as they approach the sun find conditions existing which cause a violent chemical action on their surfaces. The subject is a difficult one, but whatever be the —_ cause we know that it is very energetic, because we can see effects from day to ey, and the changes going on take place on ie side nearest the I took io. sets of measures of the lines ae the evening of June 6th ; for the first a low w power was used on the reading telescope, The means of these gave for A line the wave length 5580; for B, 513-5 ; for C, 467°3. A higher power was then used : the gave 512-4, By this time the comet had got so low that I could not see the line ©. The measures, considering the position of the comet, and the difficulty of getting them at all during the short time between daylight and the comet’s setting, are very satisfacto In the standard works of reference the information about cometary spectra is very meagre. I was magne very glad to receive in May a very valuable work on the spectra of comets, and similar carbon spectra, by Dr. B. Hasselberg, of “4 AGP i ee : the work was published in "1880, and gives a tabular statement of the spectra of comets up to 1879. Taking the twelve comets There are carbon lines at 559° ae 9 ed 467: 5. roa iz. ©. Wave le Mean of. coabes comets...... 556°4 512°7 470°6 Recent comet 558'] 513-0 467°3 Retton tite 558°2 513°9 5 ., Searching for a terrestrial substance that would give a spectrum like that of comets, Dr. Huggins found that some of the hydro- having oi ~ it occurred to to Professor A. W. Wright ae aye i 84 SPECTRUM AND APPEARANCE OF THE RECENT COMET. 2 bonic acid and carbonic oxide; at higher temperatures hydrogen predominated, as it does in metallic meteors. When examined with the spectroscope these gases gave a brilliant spectrum, in which the carbon lines quite eclipsed those of hydrogen, the brightest being three lines in the green, which Professor Wright says are precisely the same as the comet lines. In the extract from his paper on this subject which I have seen in the Reports of the British Association the wave lengths are not given, so that we are unable to see if they have exactly the same position as the average of all the’ measures of comets, for the different comets have given slightly different values of these lines. We may, however, take 1 as proven that the spectrum of the gases yielded by some meteors 8 coincident with the comet spectrum ; and this is the strongest evidence that the substance is the same in both cases, and there fore probably derived from the same source. If in addition to this that there is very good reason for the supposition which is de generally accepted, that they have had a common origin. What that may have been is yet to be proven ; at present several theories are put forward. One makes meteors the fragments of a Shavit rp far removed from the attraction of the larger planetary pee that it obeyed the smaller and nearer centres, forming worlds revolving round the sun, so light and so far mass. 2 tempest cementing together seems to have been done at a SPECTRUM AND APPEARANCE OF THE RECENT COMET. 85 sufficient to keep iron in a fluid state, for it is distributed through the mass of the meteor as if it were the cement. But I will not detain you with these speculations, which open such a wide field of investigation. I hope I have said enough to indicate the direction in which the investigation is proceeding, and the importance of testing with the spectroscope another member o the meteor-comet system. On June 7 the weather was again cloudy, and I only caught a glimpse of the comet between clouds, and obtained the sketch D, which shows a remarkable change in the coma. I then put on a the red end of the spectrum, but before I could obtain any measures it was gone, and I did not get another opportunity of testing the spectrum. a. far in front by its velocity, and then turned grace to form part of the tail. a .On the evening of June 5 the coma was not so striking. It still presented two branches, but neither developed to the same — as when seen in the morning; the difference was I think ue to the state of our atmosphere, which prevented me from Seeing clear] re On the evening of June 6th I had a fine view of it, and this 4s the only occasion in which there seemed to be a shadow or » Cone in the rear of the nucleus. The coma was more com ous than ever, and presented the appearance of a bird with ¥ 86 SPECTRUM AND APPEARANCE OF THE RECENT COMET, turned right to the tail, thus forming two enormous hook-like outstretched wings in front of the nucleus ; and the branch. firs seen in the _- of the 5th was increased, and turned directly to the tail. (See Drawing C.) 3 On the evening of June 7th the — in front of the nucleus had divided into two shoots, which extended a grea t distance in front of the nucleus, and then ae ‘cnseballe ada the = appendages, and the branch on the following side was very much q . but retained the same general direction. (See Drawing 7 ee Altogether, it ee a most striking appearance, — I shall not soon forget. [Four drawings. | On Comet II, 1881. By Jouy Tessurt, F.R.A.S. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S. W., 7 September, 1881.] I susmirrep to the Astronomical Section of the Royal Society, at their last meeting (August 5), an approximate determination of the orbit of the Comet which visited us in May and June last. That elements of the great comet of 1807, the longitudes in both systems being referred to the mean equinox of 1881-0. = Comet II, 1881. Comet, 1807. 2 d. Perihelion passage, G.M.T... 1881, June 1630995 1807, Sept. 18°79 Longitude of perihelion ...... 264° 56" 15"°5 ani? 57’ Longitude of ascendingnode 270 54 0 ~ 967 49 Thclination of orbit eee 27 14:0 63 10 Perihelion distance 0°7357075 06461 ssc Direct Direct But the recent fine comet is not the only one which has been GR to be a return of the great comet of 1807. On the 16th ber last a comet was discovered by Pechiile at the Observa- tory of Copenhagen. It was observed for some time in northern hemisphere, and its orbit has been computed by several astronomers, 88 ' ON COMET II, 1881, From these calculations I have selected the following, by Her Ambronn, of Hamburg, as it is based on the longest series of observations :— << d. Perihelion passage ........0..s.+0++ 1880, Noy. 9°5320, Berlin M.T. Longitude of perihelion ......... 262° 30’ 9” ‘ Longitude of ascending node 249 35 36 M. Equinox, Ee Inclination of orbit ............... 60 41 5 Perihelion distance ............0. 0°67406 Motion Direct Dr. Holetschek, of the Vienna Observatory, and Mr. 8 © Chandler, of Boston, U.S., have both pointed out the general resemblance of these elements to those of the comet of 180%. From the elements which I have given of our late vis itor, Ht : i ice 99. distant appears that it was, on the evening of discovery, May 2+, At my last observation, namely, on the morning of June a these distances had diminished to 69;000,000 and 33,000,000 br miles respectively. The comet passed through perihelion oe minutes past 7 o’clock in the evening of June 16, Green time, and at 20 minutes past noon on June 19, it reached te of the earth’s orbit at the ascending node. Now it is 6 ae able circumstance, as I pointed out indeed in the previous papers that the earth at the time of the nodal passage was 20 as the prolongation of the axis of the comet’s tail. Had the com been delayed 2-75 days in coming to the line of nodes, the a would have been exactly in a line with the sun and the comet, sa the comet would of course have been projected on the suns as seen from our planet. It does not, however, appeat odes at probable that had the earth and comet been in the line of m — ee, whose distance I measured from ~ a of an ordinary sextant. The resulting length of te 8° 38’, and, adopting my elements before given, this ie on spond to a real length of 8,000,000 of miles. Supposi™S between and comet to have been in the line of nodes, the distancé comet the two bodies would have been 26,000,000 of ee th being that distance within the earth’s orbit. It ap earth by fore, that the visible part of the tail would not reach the tail 18,000,000 of miles. Doubtless the diffused matter © extended considerably further from the nucleus than } hat ay actually seen, but I do not think it at all probable : portion of it could have reached the terrestrial orbit sity interesting circumstance in connection with the late co”™ 2 COMET 6, 1881, as seen at Sydney. D 6-40 p.m., June 7, 188! COMET 6, 1881, as seen at Sydney. ON COMET 11, 1881. 89 near approach to the orbit of Venus. The planet itself, however, had the point of near approach about seventeen before the comet arrived at it. Had the two bodies arrived at the int together, the elements of the comet’s orbit would have been considerably changed by the excessive attraction of the planet. In conclusion, I may mention that No. 2377 of the Astronom- ische Nachrichten, the latest date to hand, contains Dr. Gould’s announcement by telegraph to Europe of the comet’s appearance. is dated Ist June, and identifies the comet with that of 1807. I now add the results of my observations of the comet. They will prove useful to any computer who may be desirous hereafter are corrected for refraction. The positions depending on Lacaille’s the earth’s centre, x denoting the equatorial horizontal parallax 0 the comet in seconds o et € 4 619-0 + L-3o LF 66 «9200.0 - 808 T1¢ | sesust | ists + \ 96 wet at ¢g + 969-0 + $13 9F SOT ~ 9890-0 + 16-0 8 @ LS b + ZLIL O ~ au: 8 II g ES re oy ~ 2090-0 + 23-88 9 fs MO | Oe Ce or g ~ 619-0 + §-18 2 ZIT | ~ 3090-0 + 63-889 G | 9-980 + 6r-L 9 + Ce oC ee 6 g #129-0+ ¢9-0F L FIT | #80900 + FLE9S G | DSTI + | SLOTS —- | Basgo SG “ ; ” 8 g « 8F¢-0 + 6S ZB SIT | *01900 + 99819 ¢ | -E G+ | 08089 - “wi Fy % L I “420-0 + L020 SIT | +12900+ 986 F & | 92F + | 00-88 8z- a a tebmae So ye . ef a ar 4~Q/F-0 + GOL G GIT | *96900+ C1128 ¢ | 8OFS - Sy-860 + | b ZO “CT oun i g I 4009-0 + LEG SF ZI | +99900 - 9% IT ¢ | BILL + | 96-49 OI- Mist: (2 5 v L ~Sof-0 + LOT ST FT | 1190-0 + 48h BOF | SSL - 60-8 F + St. Ss a ¢ ‘ Wag hi care 4 dipae + bie bes page oeerg + | eree gk mo es 5 & e “O8¢-0 +83 I Gat ee) OU 8-6¢ T + wee ey cae. es, & L « F9F-0 + OCH SI SGI | * 0890.0 + Seco ser | SST + | FO9T S - AL Ee ae i 8 “ $FF-0 + GFE 68 GST | ~ $890.0 + 06-06 SF | O03 T+ | O9-9F T - Oo g “Be Au “ gE Sige ‘s 8 Ur *Y } ‘ss ur ‘sm ‘Y " ae Ves ‘da 'N vu | ‘oa A ee | de i gui eo | POON quoreddty sjomop | -amjg—ouw0g | “OUT, UO] JOSPUTAL , o ie,9) oe rt — -_ & i = S o Zi ° ie *ISST ‘ovuvMTY [woryMEN | 6.c% "ELLE ‘ON “S ‘Aopuvpedry w07q]00 ‘OTL ON “PLST 3¥O ‘SoTToxnag op [eAoy “sq, Op seTeUTY ‘ "18ST ‘ovuvUITY [VoWNeN, ‘IL ‘ON ‘SPSL ‘9GT ‘oU0Z epoatD Ten “YSU AA "LIZZ “ON “OOST “32D “WOK “USP AL ZPES “ON “OOST “3¥D “MOH “UST "EL1Z ‘ON ‘OOST “80 “MOH “USBAL {*SSL1 ON ‘OSLT “FO SO1orT "IS9T “ON “OGLT “980 SOTTeO"'T "CSOT ‘ON ‘OGLI “980 SOT[!BOe'T "BSLT ON ‘OGLI “3%O SoTTTeORT “O98T 3¥0 odej+-418T a "SBMA +098T “FBO “WOH “USUAL ‘sou UvITY 8,101g 10j AZLIOYINY 1-92 02 86 | L6-6F | 11-67 8 2 | ST 1.0¢ | #08 IF SOT | S9-ZI | LOGI 8 @ | Gt vas reese 1 9.cy | 06-69 ¥ 2 | IT L.g¢ | 0-99 TE ZIT | 08-93 | 98-96 0 & | OL 612 | 0139 FIT| 186 | 096 8 8 | 6 ¢.2¢ | 0-19 LZ SIT | 96-eF | £9-SF IT 2 | 8 Lee | 6-83 98 LIT | 99-48 | B9-Fe GES | 4. £2 | OT 8 GIT | 0489 | 89-893 9 | 9 G.3F | 0-68 SE ZI | ZF-89 | OF-82 11S |g 0-61 | 9-91 0% FZI | 02-0F | LZ-0F 99 F | F 0:6 | 6 IL GZI | GFE | 8-FE 99 F | 9.9% | GSP IL GZl | BS | 398 6 91s 6-29 | L6P 88 Gat | 09, | 2L 0 G|T “ u ‘ ° ‘8 ‘8 "Ur “Uf ‘ddy “uno ‘ddy uUNoyy IVIS ‘da ‘d'N ‘Vu ould NVAW “MOIFwAIOSgQ JO 804VC, OY} Ay SoovTg yuoanddy puv “0. 188T 10F uoslivduiog Jo savzg OY} JO 8 , 3, 4, 5, 9 and 12 have been cessions places ion from the B.A. (= t of Nos. 1 and ging up the rin es to 1881-0. Proper mo in b ployed en applied to the places be Win: dsor, Aug. 27, 1881. and em Ogu cata] has New Double Stars, and Measures of some of those found by Sir John Herschel. By H. C. Russet, B.A., F.R.A.S., Government Astronomer, [Read before the Royal Society of N.S. W., 7 September, 1881.] Tue study of double stars is, I think, one of the most fascinating which astronomy gives to us. e great number and variety of the objects already known, and the certainty that many new ones will be the reward of any diligent search for them, keep up the interest to such an extent that the observer needs no other in- centive to his work. M. Flammarion, after an examination of the observations already made—and be it remembered that this e William Herschel, about the year 1800—finds that there are give certain indication of relative movement; of which 731 are double, 73 triple, 12 quadruples, 2 quintuples, 1 sextuple ; of these again, 518 seem to form orbital systems, and 316 are only united by celestial perspective. Observation further shows years ; seven with periods from 50 to 100 years; six between 100 and 200 years ; six between 200 and 350 years; three over years. If, in addition to these statistics, we bear in min that the Southern Hemisphere is only in part explored, and that ts jects for See whether t ft independent motion of the stars, or to the annual motion — ak earth, has his interest constantly maintained ; and it is ened by the fact that he may go on thus for years making 94 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. observations which seem to prove that there is orbital motion, ue to inde- enki observations accumulated, the ellipse had gradually to be increased, until in the end the most probable curve, if I may 80 express mention in passing, that if subsequent observation confirms this, the southern binaries referred to by Mr. Doberck will be reduced six. Before proceeding to give you some of the results of my own work on our southern double stars, it will be necessary his is. position distance ; but in the majorit of cases only six have been is When the stars are very eel the method of setting the wae frequently adopte und more satisfactory than the other method. Ine few aa e the distance has been obtained by placing one of the wires the dit | d ti ae tance of the centres, estimating the distance. hag 11} ineh 2 circle mit” The other telescope, used since 1874, is a very : objective, 12}-ft. focus, by Schréder, with position (bright) © meter by the same maker, The illumination of W'S © — NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, 95 year. With regard to other matters affecting the observations, I_may h thin brass, an In entering the notes at the time of observation, a diagram wing the estimated distance and angle has been made in almost ery case evi A few words about the list of 350 new double stars, which I have the honor to present to the Society tonight. They cannot be said to be the fruits of a search for new stars, for except an evening now and then devoted to that work, and some tume recently given to it at my request by Mr. Hargrave, my object has been to re-examine Sir John Herschel’s Cape list between 34 south nee as Sir John Herschel; but I anxious to avoid burdening the list in that way, and made my limit much smaller, nd was always more anxious close pairs than ones. Nine of the new ones are under one second of arc*—several of twenty-five seconds, and all of them are between the — South and the pole, with one exception, which was foun 3 the field of view with one of h.’s stars. As they are so far sou 96 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, they are out of the reach of northern observers, and, so far as I can learn from published lists, they are new ; but hereafter, when the work of several double star observers in the southern hemis- phere is published, it may be that some will be found in other lists. any of them are very close and otherwise interesting doubles; and there is every probability, seeing that h..overlooked them when in close proximity to stars that he observed, that some of them will prove to be binaries. Only a few of them have as yet been repeatedly measured, but of these several show signs of motion. One at 12h. 4m. 60° aI was found in April, 1873, and then the measured angle was 212°35°, in May, 1880, it was 209-55°; at first the distance was 4:33”, last year it was 3-87”, showing a change of 3° in angle an 0-46” in distance. Another at 15h. 50m., and dec. 65° 37 im July 31, 1872, angle 134° 12, dist., 2-43”; on July 21, 1880, angle 131° 19’, distance 1-91”, again showing a change of 3° and 0-52". Another very difficult pair at 10h. 45m., dee. 58° 38 found in March, 1874, angle 256°, distance } a second, and im March, 1880, angle 258-81°, distance 1-15’; this one I have mer tioned in the paper on double stars last year, but place 1t here for completeness. : other star at 13° Om. 59-14°, found in April, 1880, gives some indication of increasing distance, which, when first measured, was 0°33”, and when last seen was 0°70”. Amongst the h. stars observed are all those which are oF have been supposed to be in motion ; of these por 6 Eridani is one Alpha Centauri. It will be seen from the observations A eriastron did not take place as predicted, in March, 180s Oe bit March, 1878, three years after. A great ye ajstance 8 will be found in the catalogue. At present ve Obser™ - — rapidly. (See diagrams showing plot of Sydney ons. 1836 is now a sin equatorial. The motion is evidently slow, and it is remarkable that Herschel says of this star, ‘‘Cleanly divided with power and the black division well seen, well separated with power 800” ; and of + Lupi he says, “‘I do not think measures of this star will be got with this instrument.” ‘“ Excessively difficult. It is closer than y Lupi, for the discs are smaller, and yet are not so much divided.” Now I found x Lupi quite an easy object, and the mean of my measures make the distance 0°73’, while Herschel made it 0°67", so that there has been no great change in this star. But y Lupi, which h. found so easy, I have examined a great many times and always failed to divide it even with the greatest powers on the large refractor Another star of the same character it would seem is h, 4854. h. classes this as “very difficult to be verified.” On June 4, 1872, at the end of myevening’s work, I looked at itand divided it easily with power 230 ; I only took one measure, making the angle 46° 25’, and the distance 1-75”, being satisfied that in this case, as in many others, that what was very difficult in Herschel’s reflector be s ' e reflector ; three, h. 3370, 4935, and 5078, have the ge star double, but there are several instances in which the only leaks explanation is that the stars have changed since he ed at them. Perhaps the most striking case is 4909, where he Was struck with the beauty of the group, and went on to deseribe it fesives >” and he left out what is now one of its most striking iTres—.9, star . . the stars qur : TS he mentions. His descriptions of such things are as a 80 accurate that I am convinced the additional star has EK 98 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, in his list, and called the magnitudes 8} and 84; on Mareh ith, 1836, he looked again and called them 9} and 11; next night verified this, making them 10 and 11. In 1834 he saw a! magnitude star which made an obtuse and nearly ine m 1873 I examined this, the magnitudes were 10} an could not see the little star; it would seem therefore ge no must have been brighter in 1834. The night in 1873 be a favourable, but h. 4130 was examined at the same time, O° © magnitude then assigned 8-10, or the same as h.’s. found. There are many stars in the Cape list that cannot were Over some of these I have spent a good deal of time to see 1 “ah and from the fact thatthe 13 magnitude was resi the list of missing stars are of this character, but some may pea been overlooked from changed magnitudes and other @ Perhaps the number (forty-six) is not surprising when we © ; : . I Lat T have not given much attention to colours, nor gee or two ‘ i734 8, but 0. 5193 ue COM my estimates of colour with h. instances have been found of apparent decided oe ved i he says the lar ris “ very red”; I could not see y . » In several cases I see decided colours where h. mentions oi these will be found in the list attached. remeasul® Tn conclusion, I may say that my object has been pele any all h.’s close stars south of 34° south declination. In with the cases considerable differences between h.’s observa of thes reflector and mine have been found; but a complete ps 80 ee has 20t been made, because the reflector observat not appa differ from those h. made with his equatorial that it di to be worth while. NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. Instances of change—real or supposed (23 stars). .’s No. See h.’s angle uid 30’ to 80° 51’; R., 80° 12’; orobaliy not d Toucani. in motion. h.’s angle, 17 50’, dis. 5°78"; R., 0°8° dis, 5°34”, K Toucani, ea reigecectyi> h.’s angle, 122° 6’, dis, 3°39”; R., 234° 41’, dis. hall p or 6 Eridani all the later observations plot into a straight t line the motion were proper, not binary. Barn tems civn ie h.’s angle, 343°, dis. 4”; R., 2° 6’, dis. 2°90"; and 1882 Re 2°35", angle 11° 39, PU eitet erick h.’s angle, 72° 43’, Rig 3°49’; R., 77° 5, dis. 2°82°; probably ef bin ree SR Triple h.’s angles, re & 34° 8’, dis. 18” & 40"; j jnagni- tudes, 6-14 & 6-12; fi angles, 69° 53’ & 37° 40 Mi Morcciesccvvecses} 1.189" 18”; R. 143° 8. 4373.........4s00.| b.’s angle, 226° 1’, dis. 25’; H., 338° 18’, dis. 12°66". cg Lt ae h.’s angle, 227° yr dis. 20”; H., 180° 26’, dis. 12°94". canine ea a 119° 48’ to 122° 57’, dis. eases R., 17° 27’, dis. 5°34” ; motion improbable ities chivtive. h,’s 's angle, 346° 47’ - 361° 58’, dis. 2 to"; R., 1880, 7 Centauri ngle 1° 16’, dis. 1:39”. Motion doubtful me iteeds b's 3 angle, 231° 8s ae 202° 11’, 1881. Peer cocick es: For complete measures, see list. @ Centauri a ouble twenty stars from 9 mag. downwards, ¢, two and si all 5193 h. says large star very red ; R. cannot see it red at See ee h, mag. 74-10; R. 10-11 (2) change. Errors in Cape Catalogue. h.’s No. a this BTAB oo eeeereereeens | No star at 5h. 13m., but there is at 4h, 13m., ane ©" 3641 star is numbered 3641. 4030. 4038 | Probably same star. 4130. | ) 4149 Ry Probably same star. 4272 | R. A. 6m. too large. Should be 9h. 48m. ea | h.’s declination is 65° 7’; star is at 64° ~ 4684 Cannot find a double here. 4840 | ; Probably same star. 5132 Angle of position 160° in error. 5235. 5245 | } Probably same star. 5327 | Angle of position 180° in error. NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. 103° In the Cape catalogue Sir John Herschel used “h” as the bol for himself, I have adopted the same letter for him in e following catalogue. R. is used for myself, and H. for Mr. Hi argra A diagram of the positions of p Eridani is given, and another showing the Sydney observations of « Centaur uri, also a number smaller ones showing the interesting triple or multiple. stars amongst those of the Cape catalogue which have been measured, and similar diagrams for some of the new ones. The value of a revolution of the screw of each of the micrometers ; = wires ten or more revolutions and observing the transits of “he ae stars ; that of the 114-inch is 18 006", and that of the Thincl is 2 670" Tt has ss the custom always to make the measures with the star as close to the meridian as possible, and the star’s hour angle at the time the observations were finished has been reco’ in every case, and can be referred to if necessary. All the observa- tions prior to J uly, 1874, were made with the 71-inch, and all the Scot since that date which are marked H. have been made with the same instrument, and all — marked R. since the date given Sire were made with the 111- e date given in each of the sail is the date of the observation ; to many of the new stars the date of discovery is added. A table showing the value of the decimal date is given end. H. C. RUSSELL. Sy dney open arch, 1882, NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. 104 Dovete Stars o ow ecm uy 61 48]8 JO ‘ON ASRS ae : iene *. CRAG i rie: SBuke @° 33 Ae: 2825 ies Stat °° SRROSGRAES iat ° oer : o 3s: Sa) asuuonmod | ° S SkSRi iis: Sssey Se ie igs : gega | RAR vase goo’ lesgeRRRaSssR CB: wndg | 8 SCARS ..NA RRSSE Shausess.....99s8 BRR BaBa"S Sea." uoweurpeg | ° © SRSS8 i ite Sesse eaeateedi:::issss seas esssatse****iiessa jas vu fer wones RH RARE RERSSTSS:::: SSR" HMM SAMARAR...,: INES? 298 oyeuxolddy | so cooce ! ice Sooo o sooo oCoe HN! NN foocen AANA sists iacees a tere an meet. | Middid > cog teed lobo tpg teed ttt ted in: wal: te ee 2 et ee tes od ee 8 SOMO og | gk: tt tke 2 ted dS Sede coded cel: tel tededed cad ceded ct ced od teat ikeketaadad cofshated 2 , ‘7 pect 2es $3 eetse o . * 5 Ses te ae ee ee ey a4 3 ea ee eee Sc a oe: F Ra . o iti mF > 2 ee - s ae 38 2 a oon e cow 1s Sree - 3 : x see S : ¢ #2008 - 8 & G5 GRZER88S --::9.4 - 39 -:9999.-..:992 = 9g Elo ia BR PSSSSESSk SBSES SRESRRRS :ABESLASL REESE RASRSRERLLLSSRELS Ree IGT OY} UT AVA | Ny ll 6 MAMMA SASS HonsAed Mads Ss Saad BeNOR oeesmennan AAs one | 2 NES@PSBSAS RWWA HAA AMA RARRAMAR MAPA RORARSN““RRPRATWRA PAS | onsormeo sry | mS oh Oo SH Neen aS g a aa HSRR nee 8 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. : measured at Sydney Observatory. . : s A 2 =f 9 5 Colours. Remarks, 1 2 a et eee No. z or 8 magnitude star here; only 9 and 14; 2) 159 BG OSE eae ea ei beae enone : = 3% Sy Se cee ae 2 ea einer ee | = AES See ee ene Very indistinct, j nes ii te ae See a MA ses ans Not “rae 4 Saye ie ee arabes ‘oun q r 4 Ws Ant Ai denies cide Too ill-defined t| ine | BR aes se Swen Te Cirrus stopped work. : : 2) aes Pacis, Looked carefully for companion ; could, not see it wo! o 1 ee i cic noncive eens Khiere stun acakie’ niglt too bad to measure it. Ps oe a ep Subir ..--. | Seud stopped ol wm sh :? : : See Bbee Deeste s Be oo) INI, | crondy fora time, cleared after, H.'s position, 1126; Pel ae |i, distance, 20”; magnitude, 9°11. B 2 3 : ea PUSS 6s odes Bad night. im va oe Se ee eo aes ih ae . = de Sar mi Not found. Bb a ee ee eo a) ' r | ita : ic sanincer gc Companion not seen. 7 oh hiienesl use’ y Pee P eee He een serene ; 4 EE a eal: ss Foundia ster; could not divitett ; definition gc mo | gol cc ee Divided easily with 320 po etre MI Gouble ; not measured. ae tees Webi ses sremipinie') ccuce Sight too bed tom with 150 eee ih bcbaainbinieier 06. pro anany t to measure ; seen aon ind a — .,.s Sea at Thre tars of 7 magnitude in field of finder with this. i) er “e eee ae ines BS Gia naman arte : ° SS | 3 7 | Greenish yellow; Position doubtful. H. says nothing about colour. | ie |. te : ‘ 159 ni See Wore era e atign Seen, not measured. _~ 4 8g Sessesssennetaees distances ‘ Be er: beh gk second list, positions 17°50 anid 14°20 ; hi ke ; Mrs and 424: magnitudes, 611, € 0. Be ~ Tits Oita eat eee Stars pretty steady; definition mi middling. Pe eg [cesses | Aivenyman chject 3 | so eee . | Seen, not Peace 8 "9 tr teesereesssseee. | Not divided with 333 power. a ee f ees 8 | Gg) creteeeessescsses. | Aperture, 8in. Clouds stopped observations. tere . $ ee er See Aperture e,9in. Stars ill-defined. Hs gg WSs, Gee ‘oodford. wee. BY TT ei ele ob lee eee & 220, 4gq) ae ea eee Very difficult; hea aonaitions a : Wirweey bey USS Lo Definition distances, re ee i Pretty double. Herschel’s position, 134° 56°; me Paros” and 6°25”; magnitudes, 9-0; 2nd list. x 8 | se oa ihe ater Seen, not not measured. ae mage. Seen elongated ; no measure made. pus — 9[Sur UoTIs0g 1 aaa8 : Spang RP BRB sgaase = id SSR@AanEne Ls SASALSBS | . . . . aeerery BR “yng uoTyeurpooq, ; 188 BSBSAaB BISSSS G2 S988 .2onoasa ese .2* Sg Seas REEEC Sreeeas eeae |e Downie — . ‘Vu oquurxoiddy ‘3 Nn Lal oO MODWRA OM aes OO 6 69 69 69 69 HS $SS33 :399S58 aa Reon soo an awl SQesedesed TorepesepeT eT es Team Sew rena |_™ i ochdni : tock pbs indie £,19A108q0 4 t NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, — 106 Herschel’s number and name. tad 3530 1st after 3549 . to erage = Sebea cel Ett soa ee eee eae eee 3597 f Eridani .. 3598. SE EESSS28 2258 28 *£INYUC (IGT 94} Ur Av X PRRSRBRASRRRRRRRAR ESE *xeok oud yo quo Ty eee, ceepmres oper Uf 1%}8 JO ‘ON 35 | 22 | 12 | 73 Sd RSLS SSS ae sesesss seee Ke 1 vena sazenn ose ees es seo sues gee! BESSEEEEEE EE | weSebonS. wcoShoocovceSa oS: sH004 y fi eees i BeBe! mt 5 AOARMD ouns8eS ii Bee: _ td i : * * . . ‘ge i geele NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. + - Magnitudes. Raomtaar IN NOR: a oT ies A mAE Sa" Colours. Remarks. ORCS Nee es ed OF CESS Ce See cse dues SOMO e ete cerns Sei e wee e ee es VEN Cres eee ee Cabs Ces PoC Ce chee eee eee COVE Cee bee os eb aw ee serene Another pair precedes this 15 secondsonly. R. No, 16, 7-magnitude star seen ; no companion. Seen, not measured. Neither of the companions seen ; 11-magnitude star follows about 10 seconds. 6-magnitude star here ; no companion. 6-magnitude star here ; no companion. Estimated position and distance Definition middling ; hazy, thick night. git 's 2ndlist. Position, = 42; distance, 37°31 5 tudes, 7-3; no change. Seen ; bad definition ; no measures. — good ; large star yellow. Herschel’s position, 101°49 ; distance, 18°09” ; magnitudes, 7-9. Herschel’s large list. Aye-ne 224°8; distance, Wane given; magnitu . te haze about ; small star precedes. —— not seen ; night good. oe Sete trapezium. Seen, but clouds prevented measures. This double is the northern Not found. Seen, too faint to measure. Definition bad. Faint and difficult ; verified. Well defined. Magnitudes seem too small. Very faint. Seen, too faint to measure. Seen, too faint to measure. Small star, very indistinct. Bad definition ; seen but not measured. NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. — % o.. — Dovste Stars gSuv uolzs0g - wtee~ERen A oe PODS pis eaeendk-lns dadue A SARGERAS 1S iS MASISeRs | IRAVVSRASRLS ASRRA if & it 28 BER BAAR a =e 1g* 4 eae SBSER —m_ qmog | BS :@8 °RASSAN BATS? ABABA? .ARtas .ISRSA Saea Sosy .oNswadd a uoyeurped | ° 2S i$ iMMSASES (SSSSSS ‘SEASNS ‘HVSAB :'SASH4G 42 © 2888 ‘SNSSRBRR AR ‘Vu HOS 9 -OSASHAA :-SRARSS -BSSEES ISSISSA :SeSries ems & . AAAS iRARRARR R opoulrxorddy | ang lat lata Ce Dee Cait Saino fini ining hemonesn 19 anni is fed oshit) ceeded stip): cho edi = ssdeciieciia Be : modded sce: seater teh tied t tie t tebe eb ft iele siitttebitipbiabtst itt tt tie a tells s tgiad : A ob 6 ipa | I ee: Se 3 Siti i bhi: i a . . ce ‘ : LP eee Re as i si ids 5 Mio sien ‘sigs ‘ee a Gh ‘3 a 3 “sass ; dg dg Saggig Sees EEGE22 22888 EEEREE EEE2 -EES2 ESEEEE: - more wave | ARAB SQS202882 & SESASBALaSAe ny Ce ae - es 2 in ous 30 ItORT ASMA ASS A a 3 sages ee aaa hg AM ee Co See Tee “S°E"RA R “RAA*RRACSr* g ‘onsopeywo : momma | Ke BS RRRSEBS SBense saseds sésse ageses gees sseq f28388° NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. ; 3 3 Colours. Remarks. B} 159 _e Decline Stes « ee a Sen aiaeegueet EES eee eee } 150 | 6 11| Straw colour ......,.| Large star, straw colour ; both bright clean stars. ~~ Pao| Tc Same as H. 3748, R.A, of which is 1 hr. too much | SS ene eamenan ; ee OG, oo cc... The pair form the preceding corner ofa triangle. i “4 stg | cettrteeeeretersss Not seen. re PS Bolo! | Both yellow. 35 x Dee Nba ba ab owes Seen ; not measured. lia | § 8. Literrssvesseecess | Seen in field with 3651. Bie ja en) oo — 9 9 ely My eee ehee eee 110 49) .. |. esha cis Nice double ; gas, doubtful, owing to haze. os SP UMGOTAIN 5 cao... Definition bad bi hazy clouds. io i SEE Ee insilen ggeg ex 1 a i beece ee ibid: Very faint. | 4 PME cee csscsuce... "| Nokona. a Redo, SES Large red star seen; no companion. etal... Bee cc 8) le Sagas aaa .. | Small star blue. : wh gg ue AES at ae Air clear, passing clouds. y _ : Bee ee Cloudy. r | 10 136 2} - Di ee bie cg iM a ey, Looked for 3713 ; could not find it. : | ia : = cepccseees,.-5.c. eetaund: 8) wo | a Meee coe Cons, ve M F . = Tittteeeeeeeeeenes = nl ce eeuiben ee ee) oc | “igo | G Note ao aisi i Se. Seen ; not measured. & 800 Gf i itttttctereee eee Very difficult. distance not Ske Wa UN sched ggh oo 8:6 norte defined clearly divided ; ), 435, oe tes"? companion of Rigel. See diagram. 800, betas Pee we cee . - treet eee dentine owe Seen ; not measured. is BTR Se eats Very neat ; clouds about. B | 3 io ve err SSE tts Seen ; cloudy. : 9 i % Liaise be ge ne ee Ny Be he ccss.c | Medaetiatton tie at sea This star is 3641 ; near @ Reticuli. 6 6 ellan alee ae ae ee definition. 0 | 4 yy] ctrrrtrse++-t.s... | No 11 magnitude star seen; unsteady Re: +s.ssss.. | This is Burnham’s companion. See diagram. oe ge Gio thinees AW * ; only seen in Te RNS hoe eo nitpees 6 Hereciiels compazion ; seen with 150 power. ” NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, — . Dovste Stars: , - gu2ae5RRRe— taaukaake ot waseean eee wegeen t 1B" BR tt iS RUSSReeeRee :gnesas AREPASRERRART TE ‘88 SSSR8 Leo gee lille “nnog | > SER .NBRS Rego george ageey tr orrereey oo Samer uoneuped | ° SAX VIVSCLSSRSSLIRSAVSRSGSIIs ‘Vs iQs : VNAsgeASSSReensess : : iaes ‘vu ARAN :R S885 Sa8eey 44S (M4: ISMSQHESRARRARRERSS : : ARS eyeutrxoiddy | oie ‘WOO 'OO ' ‘SOHEOSSOHOOHSSOOHOSS : * ‘ooe srerarey | fo sete ts cet cecbted chetecdesd ceded ced cpt 2 < ced ss ced: ced ceded cote ae “titdededed > °° Spied >: pina ee er sada led tik tak tal tt tolatad totatad ioiad tot ¢ ted t tel ft tek ts 1 t Gelatatad 2 cate af Pees aie : : oe 3 ne ‘es ee mh i = 5 OBB : a a : gi hon he i . F Pi 3 £°s gregsseuddestcesdgucgse gu9 32.9 sodgesussedeeegs : 398 a B £ § EESBREEEZ 2225200200953 -22e 2S <8 Beeeeeaseaeeaaee *? ay ec e * pape is i. UIST ONY Uy IO A “v9 va e we ine’ : at} yO YyuOTT et wd id oo bce R*ARAPAOMHAOMRAS PS -RRG ORAM HANS Rog eaeneen AAP RAP RARARATR OnsOpByvo eae | toa CP Aiea uy t248 0 “On 5 988 333 332 ges BeSseesaysueasey ¥ NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. power B: 8: BES: Ss BB: sees! see! i gg! s! gi gg! sees a * * . . « SUEEES: ce : 3 a Remarks. 9 9 8 7 » 10 8} rh 10 9 11 10 ) 7 at 8 9 9 lL 18 10 11} ag 10 my 6 13 7:13 6 7 6 9 9 9 9 lo 9.9 6-10 (Sere » Soe & 10 10 9 10 10f 9 10 6 8 rae oe 10 10 10 7 9H ye 1 ee a 7-38 7 10 9 9 9n $3 10 9 “ee * 7°59 x 30: i i ee ears ee ee ee areas inde te, ee ee ee . a ee es i ee no ot ao eee ea ag Sow ee eeenscevence bleh Se ee ey SS othe ce erersece ee es ESTES He's Cee 4's oe we Peewee d Feet cose sesee aoe iste eatintt at ot tk ee ee Sota eee eedeseeres ee ee ee a ae —_ Tin. Observer's feet south instead of north. Aperture 8 in. ; a Definition bad ; .| Small star, very faint. Difficult, owing to white haze. Very little difference in magnitude. Not found. : Very bad night. Very faint.. Definition good at times, then bad again. —o— a as bear light to measure Stars = prety 3 ‘steady 5 oe moderate. h.’s 1 star ecw ill-defined ; = measures taken. Very bad definition.. Beautiful pair; h’s angle 343°5°. Not found ; definition fair. e Seen ; not measured. Definition bad; hazy. Not found. '; not measured. ; not measured. eee Nearly alike ; definition middling. Seen ; won’t bear light. beat t Not fo Seen; not measured. Seen ; eee Small star. not seen ; another red star follows. Red star carefully examined ; no companion seen. Red star seen ; as companion fn Noé found. Definition good. 10 in. aperture. Doom Sie 7 | e[8ue Woy sod S::e: Sirol aOR ApH eg 2: 18g SEARRPRESTER eihibdeicens 3 Ta 8) soganeeees re 2: ERZnS" Bax “qqnog a a> PASSO TS (SBR: : = uoTeUTped A 3x ‘SBSs8BH Be. ‘S33 °°S .* Ee "S28S8R S35 vu SS :BSSSSS eS Ae TiiPQ{sRABRAA Raw oyourrxorddy oo: eer fle SS me Ge RRR BRE sreryat biocpjtitcd ei ced teiini ceded onion ‘mininisind ¢ oni “pinkininikiictciict oo cn Ao igs tes ; P35 2 f 3 tnded ted Pt ee eras te “| ai 3 aay oa ey eget a : 3 ti Pe ae ; ‘4 3 if 7 3 3 nak q = ; E ion nN — s 3 = 23 Z ol 4 = 2 ees 2 28328 33 morons nate ee feese pf Sanskeeek RESSRSREREAR Nee in pene a6 MACHADO AMEE ODOD oO oon SOHO Wee OD HOI hsp 5h ARA°-ARS°ARRRARR®? NH S°-KRaReWaEH HR LOCO mas oy y . : *anSoyeyvo STyy La sis Uy 1¥4S JO “ON Re aR EERSESSke & EE: 223 8 EE S58228 #52 Colours. Remarks. ee es ee ee es PP eee ecee si serees i ey Le aod eee ee ee ee i es eee i ey Feet eee eens . wee Perm eer reece csaes RSS 960 6,.6 6 Csi e 60 50 ee a ee oy OOS Cee ee se 68 we Se CRC Cece eeswce aces See eee eee ee ee SPCC ew evevereenee SE SP OU ewe bike's Se os Mahe Ree ee ee ey iinet NS ee ee oe ae Pree be ve sega sue Both ye PLO CE Se ee eneedsee ee as eee re Mie weve es eee Lo Poeceea g = = tes 7 : : ie 19 +. } we) 8 oy % “ibe dee we = fe oat | - lh w}s ae : 2 du 4 heb : i) 23 : «le rtf a4 4 4 0 fio io} | “pas | 8 8] Bea Be mms fl: 7 eae ae 4 be 59 i 5 ‘ : lg cee o} ea ow ie ‘ 10 yee 8 10 5 | H 8 ° 4 ore 3 i Nie ee i hase i Gee Moe 1 88 Pee e eee Clark’s companio’ Aperture, 8 inches: Fr star appears a hard disc th $0 9 inches ape vs Pont definition splendid, but getting ion. brigh Setitor thadi distant one, and Clark's compant from Brighter Sirius diameter about 4 of the distance of star. a ae : os aye eT very and , i oa cl sacle a fer than it a on January Ist, all and is now in the rays from 4 Seen ; no change apparent ; not measured, — Not found ; I haze came over. Bright wires. Not found. *t bear light io meee star south following. Pretty ; well defined. Yqusaropte See diagram. very steady ; definition middling. i} Stare vey st star south following. Seen in glimpses with 150; southerly wind spoiled eriare, © inches definition, bad bad ; observations, - very difficult ; double forms north » we Coarse double, ahout 12 magnitude to which it points. ee ee meee | | a 4 | = fs! Tam ava: iw=aee pu soem | ~ 8S Rae 3 23RS wey cwenaanea | wenaanen ‘“apckaan | a BQ see waowtel,| as tage eoaes S| MARRERSRE : SRARESRE BERaanee | aa s S238 (828 ace | (8 SPRRS 8 Ae ee APR FH ZS R BEAR .ABM RSS ESES° BRSNR™S uoyeuyped | ° SB SSeS is : Bs 3B bit SEBR. if 8 8 Sas eas SSass 8888s BRABBITR ‘va ENR ARASR IR :BR :F ‘33 rrry 18 8 3 B58 ‘EERZowSS onwen eogens 2% OISUIROMGGY | Spins [shes Te Tasks tee tbebe j babe teie. she & BEE IREErODND NNDHHD DNMHOMNHO pent | 5 ~~~ Qt aed ~~ ef --|--|-- df =~] = f= tic: teieieedicii Sot ced: ceed Af 5 SN Cet Gay iy Wet ey Cee pe fo fidcm titi tse tees tote : ike td : ao ‘ 2 pe Seiipipel a : 3 : v ; Re : 8 = : : iad : : : On HAG be O> 9 = Sis 2 & wD x od a E $2 a5eG8 2-22 2 -:.48 885o 8 § § 828 -S8893zaz 28 2 sseeEsEs moronurox | 8 SSSSLBZRER SL RSSAKRResRse B BR REX RASERRERL ARAL RALBAZSR “reo HOD HO OUWN WA HoM MN oO HUM ODOC ODO DO HH MOM HHMH HOt MOB einioNn oy} Jo YON, ; ; et a OF PHREACE AH AX AAP “ASRIS an 2 = RS ARRAS ROMA ACCOM HESN ‘anSopeyvo sity et be ° Juesteos| $8 BREZ8 85 8 88 ASSES B 8 BAR RAARANAR 88 B RBRRARRS NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. - measared at Sydney Observatory—continued. power egeeee is * . . peeyeeEee ve uss: Pa Pea” RS wuBbccacwe GIews: © . . © & SeSm Sp0Sa enSeSaSo0 wSar Remarks. POC were rere ee newe bt Both white........ } Whitish yellow ...... OS 9 ES ee eels detailed eB a eae ad SS eee bee oye Se ae Be 0 ea See Wee lee's Toe We teers oe ere ‘liednritktidbabd Lee Rat ok ie OE Ne eterna ys be hee wie ONO WNiee Hew 6-6 ess —Goydletnlinte ele Ah kok Ca a Stew eees Wi #'w Chega)! oie a 0s ewe © echt deat Ee eee ee es OPC e Cees et eee ees VO Mews tee ev tees ES 6 res ele 8 0s 0 sls ibid tdipdindinte ie ke eT Oe eee ewweees SESS Rees See S 6b s Bale Stee ees ev eenee Sete wae Bee e reese OPS Weed e 4s el ew OS Oe een ib le ws Sa 08 TO Se ele wa ew the oe we 70S Se wise eee es ee wie 6 Se iertenngee ca ee no third star seen 5 heats : it be ple? Too faint to measure Herschel’s magnitudes, 8-9, Not found. Too cloudy to see if another pair here. (1l-defined. woes, aneceenaes moderately good ; definition good, but a difficult object. for Companion seen in glimpses ; definition too bad “esp measures taken, wind shaking the telescope. Definition bad. In a cluster with 4031 quadruple. See One of a fine cluster of about 100; coloured stars. Small star, red; probably 4030. not seen; see diagram; Herschel’s 3rd star object. ce ing oe well. tend tian oes position 150e, seen as Triple. Seen ; too foggy to measure. : Definition and observations good. | Seen ; not measured- itude ‘ip seegenions aURARRERS RPL. gasee Beene gurces 3 vagy Oe my lB BaeS2 32 gannasaagane ° Sa08e"aaa ¥ 4 aaS8°65 ae nants REE Y: ORAM ORAREM EF Se 2 QesReeweas : 4 E mos | + -BSREBS™SRBS® eet ee +": ‘RESSUSEBEEES @ 35 oa | wha eae RIRNSSRRRBERES Bo geeed Zab 20 "§ a hee, ote Bis oO 4 0 00 4 4 ; SSUES Sees aaa : eke BH * 09.00 90 90 00 00 00 00 a0 09.09 09 00 C Ett a fo) at f e RIPE LAG BL cae oO . . , a : iin er : Bsefas| : * > tihrdeinia ieohes| | Ke a ea) oyeurxoiddy i 100 ELEN Bee ; oo etdtdedeieiede : ie —— or Meiiiiiii: : a Riedie tt fbi tf iedededeted ef ot ted tebe: ced equ | ee AS Pee Moe ee eas Shay : : a SAVAIOSGO) SAR COS SUNN ee ele peu 4 : sf Ps * ; : - oe wm : : 2 : 3 : : E : 2 35 : 2 5 3 a3 > S is @ 4 z ‘ oh 5 : 5 Snasanecaox s wisee ES EEPEEEE EEE ’ 4 re Be GI Hid Sos ps Se ear 2 § z EEE EEPEBEEE 2 ane ; i : SEE EEE ee : LSANSON N Snows aeon eee “£anquay RSESLBRZELGRS Se 1G 6109.01 29 oy aR we 3 on A ISTANS NC sits ent ala QR SBAReVAR Sr yesroe | FonRaages erbaki! as ® 2s . as 7 ous iam QOQaRawemosoon mo a ; eSSRSRRReEER & gers & ERSHSRSRRR Fahy ‘ ou} jo Avg . Pa ty : : Pais > ; P| : Pe i rt re oy geen | ganasaanagenh : <7 rt i j NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. : ee at Sydney Observatory—continued. dec? ——_ ‘BEES! ii } BESSEEEEEEEES AMDAMAAAR * ShotoSa we oS SCaroce Pe ~ e ma are ar « eerste secon ed He wees Yellow and blue __.. White and light yellow Colours. Remarks. vessseveceeseesss, | Amother in field with this. visssssiseseeeecee | Definition bad. Rooesisucaevresccs) 1 A ORwem Deer ever hss Veieey Herschel’s companions 14 and 15 magnitudes not seen Yellow and blue .... ; Yellow and ol \quiple. Yellow and whitis - Whitish yellow aud a Bright yellow. ‘i — white. Sateen ae Seo diagram. A third star 90° east. “senate white. Herschel’s position 138°S°, and distance 18-00”. nother in field a little south. foie crahenaonmp ta tro think several small stars near. One of a cluster; ion bad. Fine double ; definition bad. Seen ; too ill-defined to measure. Definition middling. See diagram. Foggy night. Definition only middling ; probably the same as 4130. ‘A small star follows about 8 seconds of time. Seen ; too ill-defined to measure. : seems nebulous. Seen ; south star eat © eageee Bo ost pS [eon awe 36 : 2 itgrones : 3 nn HARBIN a mneResA : : eank“aadans R983 er ats SER" R RREZRES 1: 2288 Ha BEA on : iene é é ‘qmog | 7888S CSR .ORBRRTA © .SSRRR @5R°8h ,.@a AR ao> | 3 erry Baa ae : 4 3 | wwoed| "S885 68s (RESSEER & SSkes (A F4RSES | ee kee Ss: 8 Ness iaase ies a ; 7. £ vu Ho “he Sl@ RARSBES | -BVISG :S :29Ssad : So 189 § 444 A HEAR RARE as . y oyeuxoiddy | Ga a ae aaa 'aaaaaaa o ‘aaaae ‘a iaaaaace : ‘ac ‘iso ose * a ‘See S ‘esos ‘se 2 es td bo poh teh poh sce coches seh ss coterie ss chet ced: ceed: ces mh ed: yo ela tdi: i ia sepamenans Noa Baal Dob ofa tet Doce ee ed of ae es ce a ee eS a ce R . . or ; a a 3 ; : = 8 ot . iF ; | lg 5 ae = “ 8 S of Sig ‘iSaS “So i “Hoda « 5 i nos’ o ‘Ase 8 “4 E eae 99g gae8 88 8 29599 2g 8B): 98 29 8 88 - § 2888 2258 -23 8 - : : P z ; su oie = e = 3 = met, | SEER SARARSRRERR RRHBRE BSS Ketessesseesee eee i tengo 16 10 1010 OID He wHAe = LIQ HE IDIONWHE © OM NMOWBSOHOOSBNMOINM a bas we ed ORRA RA “"KRRRASRR re eee ASRS? RARCSR A HAM SASS +esngaaga Rig P -on.so]ey¥0 SIT} «&~sPparewl Gage nae ange a2 8 anna 8 8 3 aE Ge S288 3 86d Gand #8 — 3B [a 8 im {i 10 10 819 9 B| 9 | 8 9 be) on ets 9 | 6 10 10 [10 324 7 anne 7 | a prea Beet Mm) s+. [10 13 we @ | & 9 1699 be 159 rs 69 | 9 10 Bo 4 | % 9 redid 9 10 | 9 wo}? ob | ie | 8 i 169 8 9 as ts ae ie 13 9 1 oe 8 8 (ee pln 0 10} eer gt om ongeSaSoSaa0° 3 Ane ennong roe i we i Puget ees Sea es ie a Both yellow ........ iia kina] The two southern stars. See The two extremes. Another pair in eS field north of this. Triple: ee bout Herschel’s position and) Not divided ; definition Clo uuds stopped 0 cpertaben Very pretty ; well defined, Very Paint A beautiful double star. Seen, about the same position ; AandB out the ee a0 and is magnitudes C not seen. Clouds about. Fine, clear, E. wind eigen siento An yr ait in Uh ld ith tis, south olowing Seen ; too faint to measure, ‘Seen; clouds prevented measures. Very beautiful and well me measured. well-defined. Seen ; not There is no double at 68° 36 S. nor at 50 seconds following it. Definition, fair, Glimpses of several minute points near this. ae ey ‘soya 2 RaRRRNNROEe RS ae g ra R RERARERSSRESSE | ee Sag ar es @ BuEoREaA® 3°, Nazeg* Aaa a 5 uonwuypod | ° B 18 B RVVVVVssaRe BEBSSE BSB aS va | d8 :88 a8agsaesge RAARRS ARE | e ee) 2a ee Sananaaeee AnAkAd “das he E somo | |) St Ribeieteeietes oe bi chins chic: 3 Hee: a ‘hauneee Wa | A eee ee ta hs aoe ‘oh hee t tat Lee = tide ied tt ind teed | ia} ¢ : : : : ad i : wet 2 2 ae * e A a a 5 | ase pa nes GY be 09 $5 90 wt 2 enc 4 8 3 2 2S | 2 | & 888289565992 - ..882.2 299::999: 9: 99 -98- 39999 433 te E cast oun ar 003 BH REP SRSSkesSSe ff SSckRRE BESSRRSAES GR Ree LASER SESRRSLESE oe sk Titian 2 OO + wWMtoOMoet CO Ih 18h WOOO a O10 Hin > | uot |g ROR OOCRMHERER & SAECRHR ROMSSHNAS™ OR ANe ANN SABA CwAS i 9 3 . : ° “enopmeo siya | ac i capris : a mavsjoon | & 8 § RARRRRR885 a8 3 323 323 2 22 %&88 88288 888 ee NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. — 121 = measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. leah Remarks, We |) 74 Bright yellow andsky| Fine, clear. B=Brisbane. Us.. _| 159 vi ee gf ne toe SSS eee In 7) Argus, cluster triple. Beet 8 10 A | 189 | 9 10 "| ‘The 10th magnitude star in these two Pairs is th aM i03| f= é g 3 oe a TS See eehiiomveeney 2d eee | Anton more than Herts Is tin motion © Me SIRS oso. ;~ 8 9 peed ever etaees measure 2% 2 eon vsttseee | Divided with No. 2 (159); tried 580 to measure : distance ; distance ¢ Sins oroniotte 2 = 0-785, ‘ : istance oa Sed Cancer pane Cae iteetee Tried wire on it fordistance ; thicker wire = dis 33] 7 from centre to centre, the other wire too thin. | ate ; MP bow ius iy Sian. Distance unsatisfactory. 1 | Re aaa Ses %| “iis nies =. creche . | Not found. eee 8 Reais. night, hazy ; defini ae LES Ee eaotemmmerinet: Seen ; too small to measure to-night, d oe cc middling. Se nace 5 een me Seen ; could not measure. | Seon ; 0b INeRr ee eee Seen ; too ill-defined to (2s Ee eaeteseneanee eee .... | Seen; not measured. ed ein eases ee ea = stars near; this is the iis Sore ewe eats oly 5's at all the >, this twice 30 | 7 only double ; Herschel must have seen this Be A ios, Not divided ; definition not first-rate. ee es Not ; posi pont henge magnitude star nearer than Herschel’s 4452. eee wine Suey sec n. Not seen. Phe sen a. © 1 Faint greenish yellow| Divided with power 100, seen double with 150, 7 measured 230. i> Both straw-yellow. i Ip | cic iteeer eevee 84 Both faint yellow. star d disc. ttm, Le star, ruddy ; cannot divide the large stars definition not good. earn sa | Campanian ecco oo \issssessseee | Clouds prevented. observations. Sue Seen ; not measured. Both CITI | seen in field with Herschel's 4468 ; not measured. ee Seen ; no measures: Yellow and blue. ane Sagat coe 226 aeuaeh BSS ce ‘ arp © 4 ay 8 | ae a 222 BARBRERS ARRRSERAS HSS | Bae we , F ny |-8 S2898 8" “Scsee-ae~sna | 2&2 aa Pry , 28, Se anee fee g | vwwmmed|-s suger ‘igs ‘eegiessaese es *** ** Be eS ‘ee TS ‘ge ‘8 ‘SEBS Pe BE | vu | a2 SeSRE, Bo ARecwse SeEAa 21, A ARR BR BS. 8S cess e A Q | wupoddy | et Sanaa ‘UA “AANAASA a RASS HR a OR RR en : g Ce foie ms iaph: pcp cp cmd bie ct tes mbt fees teh tomb: cmisindsy es ‘gogammens te ed i ied inh tot fie ek et cd od eet ialetededed of ot ind ded ab ietaded intel ti tt + = 28 : :8 : : 2 na nan mn BF s ‘ - ; a Ee Bo : ig Ai eee ‘ gz . & oO ~ -¢ nw -~ oe bs fe: 5 8 § E ; E 3 ig ss ‘ga B*és don & ef eee Feit ot te 2 : he ” e g 5923-38 SEgse gs Ess 5 ggr:8 3g ny ‘S299 Es = TB ree OE | @ SSSRRRRE RERARARS RASH RRR RE SASRRS ER Se RX SQKKKResease oe pace “awod IN OMDOOMOWOGH OWOMSOMSOR © PERO HTH 0H OH OT OMHONOG © OM NH GHOWHOHRORELES _9u} Jo YON | Pas Sg | R STPANSSAA PASM Rie BSN Re! A oe SRO e Gy x0 agaae-esnas Bes *on.soreqeo St} | 4 age a : ans. Ue a uy ays Jo ON | S582 #8 $8888 ER EEE S ER & 88 £2 2222 me 6 67 10 we 100 9 10 Divan | 0 Winn =) 20 can 3h ghee or7 733 1 6 63 | 159 6-10 10 tees 7 10 “ag 10 vee | 9 | 9 10 1 ie iio ead: Pade 7 Bim is io 9 10 ue Hist 159 | 10 10) 159 8 10} a 4 a) i “160 225-5 | “ anf 2 & 2 ay 8 9 }10 11 0 2 6 “on 404 44 Magnitudes. Colours, wok te? ¥ . * # on 2 eotaocoo'" Yellow and blue ee ey ee ee ee eer i ee es ee ee ee ...| Position and distance estimated; another double in the ith this. field wi in dark field. See R. 175. No com ; four stars about 2’ apart. t wires. Clearly y divided ; not measured. Sensibly constant since 1835. Position very difficult and unsatisfactory. Small star ea Meh companion Yellow and blue ....) This is almost exactly the same as 4468 in colour ; distance and angle very striking. Goireereat vse, + ORR BSE rE aug Herschel’s = angle, 297°, Yellow. ‘ ee. Hi Aes oi oie BS ate en White and yellow. , | See-dingram. | a, if any difference b is a shade less than a; definition moderate ; hazy. e Sanet a eens Definition pretty good ; stars dancing a good deal. WSS S Sade ties oe i and stars ing. : BeeNe vale Chetty 6 hours past meridian ; definition fair; $ inches ee a ee Fine clear night. 5 Not found ; H gives no description. Not found. aiden ip ee with 150; measured pike aeons Mured pt : 2 e Cedi a beet : aS HH aerate. SRR: , Se = Coe apna Ti gneessa . . oo “esaeomsaesa: i: ; |: RR “gowsaunat Pe co 8g ggngag & § ge Seesggscenes! i i i i Sg gEaasanRg Be oe a a ie amg |° 308 (7BRAi fA: Ri: iS CRESS" :: :): BS ROAR Bas anes es - : : ta woneuped | * 3S iBRSS: i Bo: Bilis is Beate fit : #E SRSSs (S82 SSse : cade : . - AES a I ai : rad wy | doin innwoi fg aiiiginiarage ii i : as eaaes see iesse ieee: » 5 ry | aR SS en Le 2:48 8 Bene | S06 RAANS ISRe inane cane | ae E reaver | cot pb Sie Pot che tes tas oe Seeeeeraae--{--|--1--@d--]--]--Qed--|--]-- pied --f-- at -| peas ceded ied: tole of of of cf col “ed tole ttt teh ot ed of ook bol ttt ted tt teh tt tek t tal af: wn ; : Bes : : : | 2 +: Be: a e: ole ae ¥: 2 Pe ‘ 2 28 eae? : 4; F ; A 33 238 ; 4: 3 ae 7 ene | ee . . Es ig iii e 8 g ee E mS aie : S : ws ome : a 3 Ree E £ "S BSS88 ea $3 nee : 3 8 SEES ts 8 aos a g BeEee RoR OR 2 35 gees ess g moremties| SRS ROSARE Bee HeSSrerseseek ee 8 8 RE SRePRReRRRSeraseess omy Rann WOO COPMERMNO © a © SrOCOMOOhOrENN © Oo + 1 OO BeBe COPKROOrRORE: opie | Sot S°8°ak AF Rvrgatesterean’s g © RA HMRI“ RGsRRaTecARaR Se ‘onSojeywo s1y} ; ee upawsjoon | & 8 BREB z B 8 8 ss8es ee S88es oa S3se 2883 i NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. at Sydney Observatory—continued. g . | Colours. ae oy fe ee ee 4 2 2 Sees race 7 9 Both white......... Ree Te ee eons | a es ee stoic = Poy eee ee : i) —— d a Y, aoe ELS ee re : wy Ras ake aes Seine on kee x ‘ fo. [10107] ....... apes Eads § eee teases 10 9 | be 28 e Phat 9 St 8 9 87 “ 5 7 8 10 } 810 cH 10 10 99 8 0 RNR ee oh ae 11-3 anes oe! aeSegooSSo ab fi : ‘ ‘2 abit ek Bear at aren gemma S No companion found. srw star faint ; seen only in glimpses ; not measured, tars steady, but ill-defined. Stars bright and i but ill-defined ; angie obser- vations difficul unsatisfacto! — — oa this R.A. and dec. ; — — Triple covered by the wire at once, although 11 magni- (And pon ba a little south of the line; a 10 = sept star 1200 pos. 12%’e not mentioned by rschel. Telescope unsteady. : Fine double star. Cannot divide this star. Not divided. Not found ; one at Of" 16’ declination ; position gas nae in °s position is an 8 is : ; in 7 Senoie Hat hich cannot divide, but et RA. enor and dec. 64° 16’ is a double similar to one tae one eg TN here at erga 64 16; no dou ge ene Herschel’s positio it. sencseies Soa 1713 in Herschel’s list — sures, page Atmosphere very unsteady. Definition bad. : Seen ; not measured. welsscoss unsteady. No companion found. Well defined. The following and southern of two pairs. poral eae | gH, a8 ee | oe iSRaerSs | BRED ors woHIsod | - "REA Ra 23 isng a. towne ary: Agansanans BARR ‘Bat mnog | ~ARS%® S2::egeeR ay: :F rae “t Ty Weld ROR Ca conemod | 8k SR ke ‘sgeee ‘ae ‘'g § gay “eee eat ss . ‘WU Arr 2 ge Ae: rr ee 9 sh oe ® gees ase opeurxorddy BAe 2 sgt sit: St ase ae “ : MS Pe 8 eth SRRERRE RRARR f ae =f 8 ‘rere, | FA -F- e-- - S- [=] - = Wee ee Cee Ee ee ee oa 8,oArosqg)_. ee : ; ed Dp ted ipiet ieb cede toh oh tol kod ded pdted EREEEEEE eieied wi pied of of ed Wes ~w 4 Set ek ee er es _. Herschel’s number and name. ” ” > a Centauri ” 4634 7 | 80] 4635 4642 4645 4646 4648 4649 ” 79 4654 4665 4667 ” 4671 4672 6| 71) After 4672 4676 +” 4683 4684... 4685 ” 4690. 469) “Aanguad UI6L ou UE Aw SSRBE BERSSSRRRES EK RAR FX ARF SRSMlLSere Aes * SL EK “awok Bi SOM om jo GUO 00 1D be 6 00 Or 19 00 oro c) Oo oO BOOGMOABSSCSCSOm SONGS © LO wm & ‘yjuou > ony yo feq Se oo sos VAUROROM ers am OR S QQ 09 RARRRAR = 60 99 19 OY 69 g 0 ft ump | S8588 58 888 882s 28 258 9833 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. “measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. ig! « - =e Ps . . Pa . . ee igs 3 =| s Colours. Remarks, = i = 7 10 | 10m, blue. : * 0%. * 6. | SS Cee - : Veusseeing . rs a aes : = Orange red .| Not measured ; seems unchanged. SS eerie Two other Leet field ; Herschel’s angle 231°8. 8 0 Orange red & greenish Angles middling. | ae WH AMRE WC Se vo mee Definition middling. 9410 | Both red ............ Hazy night; position appears unaltered. -4 : Both red. 5 B28)... ...... | Seen; not monsured : ati a nasi SS Only a glimpse ; seems unaltered; very foggy 8 lississseseeeceee | Seen} night hazy; position appears unaltered. : isa Shell eres . Badly defined and hazy. Gt eee 3 ee nn i eee {3 10 | | Yellow. 6 DER bia pele eo Herschel’s 11 magnitude companion not seen. 8 strttecseressseeee | Too faint to measure to-night. Bit ae ea + | (Som e nebulous light about these stars, but diffused. Herschel appears to have measured 8—9. one 8 ee ceeds ie Diagram shows 12 apn gooey a about a a6 position, and about 60” ee ar “4 [ai > | WO meperiepaim inthe same Bl, 08 : = eee . to honr this pouition. = as mune ot 10 Gebreeee.. shia = 140 power ; angle as Herschel, but distance cannot be less than 13”. sick, Gen Sear Mee coke distance. SG Se Saitek 2 ++ | Easily divided with power 100; must be 2” 9) Yellow and biue..:..| A very beautiful object. O] eeereeseees rains a ee fares eantin a pccintiygs ae Stars very Se ee are . | Fine clear moonli eeersevescccevesss | Strong wind, muc vibration. So ee eee ete wees OOO 66 ee ete gee & OOO C060 wOw 456s mee oe eee ed FEES S ie sn ess ae PC SSO + 6's ae es Chee et Observations oniy middling, stars aig a bE dn thick fog. wg i Sa de 1id-inch equatorial small star more Ww usual. yellow | Definition good; small star looks a da ars tremulous and watery aperture 6 inches. iaeeeuss 4 inches ; moderately steady ; > 3 ra the small ster. diameter = a® is 3 the size of a! ; OCC CRC Ret ee Hew e Aperture 8 inches ‘stars dancing. — . f a ratio esa Ss aa Deas fo] “ygnog Ace: eects ae PRR ee nee ne ae & APRN :3 an eee *RRRR <= Sse i Q wore " RARRAR n A RSSRR 23 SRRES bd . ee : = - os Ia ES on a Fremieed 8 $ “‘SSBEL Ss SERBS 'SSAsS “+ ° “eS os a 8 vu 52 8 . Babee .2 eae Sanee bis mae Se g ON a a ee SS Re a3: *‘* aae * : _ rg ss] “ct ae Rise 2 ae ae seb sh eee St a a tel Ss te ee s et et cs I ' we Bo Ct 1 ie e-t-t------fa--f et > ph ht iedededed icf ded cefed cof t ceded dated pind : + : Sih SS oh ee se See ee See en ae i ee : pee -"s é ah eS Se ees Gre Me oe: ; : ; : 2 3 a Sipe Bea eiepe ose, a pee a m : : > ad nee | RE oR: ALS 6 Bree ee . i. eae 8 : : ‘3 2 3 Te we este pene [Se : : 2 a5 ee Lat iS ee coat G § ¥2 2 3 EE is a3 ee a sna eR Re nan swe fe ee ~ z e ® \“ E gree S Reh See s seae8 : : R 8 I gone S See8 SSSs _ ——_~ | motomumim, | EEEERE E& EER@2 RE RASS BE RSERRRRES ERSERSERRRA Be RRR out yo qUoK EEE OD MMM mec ORO mS © ORBRORORE BORGORERRKERS SKE ON "yquouL : ‘ ego ta MSRASR © COrng woe aenne a = Taasresse A*AAMSSASO* AK othe ee ileal te a $ 93933 9 $8992 sgg5g ggg Pee 4 if : . i ge oO MATOS OOO: COR ANDDYRWORM w Hookumoom ow Se5 amomwow ee, : . ee a es as i i es Loar ee oe ea eee he a ae ea ee a a ee ea i aed pth pas Lh hyn eS wee kaa ee Faint yellow & orange Faint blue. Yellow and orange... ee er aa CEOS Oe ee eee wee ee SP © Sa eee Gible Se oben SUSE th ak’ has +e So Cee e Ore eee es hae: WV See PRP M Se t-te eins 6.6.6 wie eee ee ee ee et SC oe ee a ae oe POON tC oe ne ne 6 bees pain stars dancing. Aperture 6 inches; definition very good, some Telesco, ing. ; cope west. Telescope east. Aperture 5 inches ; s good, at oth At ag Definition sometimes wok, ing at o' a ; small star = 3 Bad definition ; stopped obs ex 7 inches j cheer wigonen 2 good; ¢? = % Steady definition ; full aperture. Diameter of large star 2°75”. The ghost measured as well; pos. 188°5 SOL; magnitudes, 10 and 10; Seong fet emg = moderately steady ; very beautiful colours, but ot a good night for observations. Very wide double. Not found. Seen ; no remarkable change noticed. Companion —_ —_ in glimpses ; 16 or 17 magnitude large star yell “| tanec son eam tar orange ; companion not seen. Not found ; foggy. Stars steady ; definition middling. Hlongated with 150 eget? a gee i ae Bese oh distance = of thick wire. A beautiful double star. oe 11d inches apertare. 5 oakes it NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. 130 Dovuste Stars — | eee eeuETOERRE . . SEER Wtggnecgteowege : os pe con | > GR TRASH SASBeRoo RS ii ,{ RSRORS B BAs: = He anooamanaa-aa oiauv uopwor | ° 3 ghagascs-g-eean | 2 111 € | seeges ‘2 iSBR: B Egseauayaezvagas | “yng | -°R SBR8RRB..E“SHOSSS | | S.A! LY SSR LS URgS Rk RSeSe : worpeutpoed | « SR SeeRs Egeseease * *"* **"e lige ieeieaee : ige8 iss S3Se2 ::: wu no omeoon : meSoNRRSs he ay (RR BSA SRRS + CRIBS BS SEese::: wwuhndiy| ioe aegaea i ‘geagagaes * ‘7! *''g! ja ‘ge ‘eeee | ‘gee ige aeaag i: ‘wor | blot thi: t tpdmd ted: tri St teh tt tae teiei cad Sede of teiei ceded piised ss cnt ees: ¥ ded tele’ cobeied Sided id eo eee a ide id tid id i ied Miig ti: ididd: F : gee 4 ae : ae eee eee 3 ae 3 . ee ; : i as E 3 2 Ly 2 Z me = : = 4 = . i] ta bs a SeSreneses RRS Race FS Be nt ms Bes ie 2 Conn - So sSS555 7 SSSSSS5S5 B88 85 See $22 2 3 S253 Ulex | SE SERRRRRSSRSRRRLEE E RRR SSSR SERaae ‘RESE R RSSKS8 cK SSSSCKKs on foge a ro S CS & BHO BRAKOMROMOOE —e" 2 DONMO~AD bw ron meroe om oie | ~? RRTMARPCOMMRangaag © SHH SHARASRRAN® :RETR “ ASA A gona aKs “onfoyvywo s1yy ways oon | SS $8882 SSsSSssss & §8 82 2332 S33 33 $833 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, - measured at Sydney Observatory—continued. Magnitudes. Colours. Remarks, ae | | lg "a | hd * S w 0 wmMowanr080: ZH ograss =) : cs NOOO 1 HMA enteund = ~eanties mee Ss ews: aes: ee? tho ie SSameSSS0lShSeoton 1 ahs" = ad - wd ee b Ce ed rapes not found. and d measured line points 2f following g. See iagram Seen mu Itiple ; nine stars. Definition middlin ng. Another star south following. Very fine double. Definition bad ; very difficult. Seen well with, 150 power. Seer eeecens cesses be es Pee Cee reer se esec ee ipl ctth af dived a eke a ee eo SIC ee cere eres ee FERS oi ee ee eke eee ERP Oe Vow Rete Sale we Be Se Wiee se es oh cele eeee HORE SV ewe ees us eet A aos ee ee SRW Gee e+ gw apes Cora SEE ee eee 3g ae wile TOUS Fee bees ee oes oe Se a eee Pe we resnoese Ee OK Ch eee ew Mil det Re ee | Definition bad. -| Definition bad ; Bad definition ; —— ion Bon sce Definition and steadin tty good. Foggy. Very difficult, so fain’ Moderately well senonls but not divided. Elongated in direction of motion ; smaller end goes first ; Baca divided. Not divi ; ill-defined. Not Siok sac Not elongated. Seems elongated ; position about 270. Not ep ened with the eer spo Round w: Another in on with foto Much cirrus a Definition dirs nent Seen ; too windy to measure. Very fain “taint. Definition baa og 2? Clouds came Definition horrible ; can enly see position ; is about same as Herschel’s. First —, observaticns definition good ; got worse at the las’ m the westward Viewed ag meas race a Two other co Reading of position Third star 10th mag. ; ide stopped observations. Light wires. but stars are steady. Definition middling, ne, aoade'dl NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. P uy genre uoT}ISOg . ORSaees ReRASRS OR TR IPR BRBASLRA PSREARE ‘BR iS 198 lARRE | *) ee . . . . 82 2g Dovsie —— & “yynog ~ OR RS°SROS A 1B BRSRFZA“* .B oh BR nro on 3B Salata uoyeuyoog | ° 23 SRRISIS LF BS SSSSSSVS iS ises 2s = se 2 :S8 (SSR SS:8R BSeee Va ESQ SESSRR WO Qvegnsse wane :Ar Rh F WiRRARR RR:RS RASS oy | J28 AARBSes AE RSRSSSSRS Bess (hk tk ee SERS AN OR SARE “oyra | iedtded - eae --f--]--]--1-- i -- eens] -|-- a. Docs: Rd: of cds ato pied pis sted tected - eh ot bt ted tee tt ot ed pho: ie ise tet eg lie : : aa H % : 3 wo 3 4 : a: on a2 gird: B® 3 E MO D sxc 5 3 bas] oy S a 2 ss . Ge Gese008 28 8 89885933 Seg 2: :: : EG EEE G:: 3 maar aR RS RSESKSRKRR SESSARAKKASSBR BAR AF SB SSSRSKK SRSSR KKLLS ayy pie ene mo $2 00. GR Bw C2 OO b= 18 09 DW DODD OMmMOMDOWOMOMm Dro oo & “ot aati DOWORm ~~ om pte | 8a “SANAT~ RA” graRRegR~ragas RAX He S HARASS AAAWR Bessa renSopeyvo styy = ¥ manson! «= BS SSSSSES BSS RSLREEE B RB 8 8288 6888 @ & Colours. Remarks. . . alain ©; og Sea : &' SSHS oes a eee aa) ee ee eer aS a srs ee a OF we He bee eee tows Light bine and red’ .. Both yellow Fewecey a 0a _ Wee Faint yellow Pewee Ae ee ee we wees nin Gases hah RM a ee Definition bad ; hazy. Companion seen ; too faint to measure ; seems unaltered. Seen ; no change apparent ; too faint to measure, Light wi Fousy ight; inthe sper ots Eun See diagram The pe Bie it apex of ee Third star not seen ; bad nigh nj; no measured. See .| Another in field. No double-in h.’s place ; this is same as 4840. Seen ; too faint to measure ; no apparent change. Two other pairs in the field south of this. Seen ; no change apparent ; not measured. Not found. Light wires ; Herschel’s position, 12 25 distance, 6”. ded ; definition middling. Pedi measured with 230. Itis just possible that some ris than 4854 ma: agree s seen on this occasion ; pres one mi it was Nie aoe rsh ame aig ‘good. e! on “es caso — but now proved single ; : ae ~~ scan ingle star in Herschel’s place ; clear dise with all powers on 11} refractor. companio: No com Light oderate. het maine tp measure found ; ceiaetm m Or gail erschel H No oupenias Two 8 magnitude stars here 5 neither has a close com- panto the following star has two distant com- ompanion not seen. ery good. change. Dovuste Stars NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. i ee ur “yynog uoryeurpog rid ioe we | 9uv woHyIsod E) a ESVss mas! oyeurrxoiddy 1655 | 50 56 yenrar | © $,J2A.108q40 ale R. Herschel’s number and name. go 898 « WIGL 943 UT vax *Linjueg BBBBES *awad 7 ore AAAAAA “yuoOUL 16 ey jo Avg | tonSopeyeo styy Uy 1vq8 JO "ON 2 33 22882 wee vee . ee as TT eee eee ee ee . es ee eee re ene wee ewe eee _— ii-detned; third star } 3 3 3 = ‘Colours. Remarks. E| § eh Mle 8h vets ci Vuk Cu Declination differs from Herschel’s h 50° 6’. BI ii kee cediwes- | 159 8 9 . : 1 U9 | 8 Qi fcrrreceeceeeseeeee Triple. See diagram. ah 159 . 9 eee we wee ee 1k this wee 4 oe Bye es A 10-10 magnitudes, position 150°e ; follows pein Pedr a held a H. sald there wer I see 2o stare stars from 9 mag. down a ° : 4 = Weert iiwaes. oe eue North, colnet 159 | 10 Piiisds vic ogeeac sd {BOE We : 8 8 | Both white. vi et eile eure A 6 magni a pet Penta eine’ S cad SHint ibie sas oo Tees Definition only middling ; no ll or 114] Ruby red and blue Two oe but no com n; night pretty good, but dises of stars too Sees fd oes ean saw eee Not foun: a ot eg pee Ina org ; ee Or ie Ss Base of the pentagon. 2 ‘ {| Definition bad ; observations very difficult ; five stars POA. ose Bere foeinicl ntagon. u t atod at too faint to measure, distance estimated BE SraKe pees ous ator!) ao ne-tenth more than from @ to d. See 12 a toe 3 d = 11 magnitude. fH ” e= 22 ” e=12 ” EE aie ay Sal get Pos. 158° = @ to ¢. 10 } btoc. g eee ee eee ee a to b. fel ee ere Magnitudes doubtful ; very bad definition. : gee le cute ae Foggy. : 0 | Orang a No companion seen. 9 | Yellow and blue. renner Ill-defined, but steady. 10 | Faint yellow and blue | Bad light. 9 | White and blue hd ee clear cold night. definition very bad. me i seen elongated with 140 power divided with 140. Seco sales js of a distant com- { panion revit own Sa isa spree double: 24 Aug., 77... es Seen; no change noti seen in glimpses ; position i * ‘| wot found ; definition very bad. No t found. Bane ed * a8 :BSB : me tt \ BARANS : : aS: aS: g-osaadngearaa: (BBS tt Bi Ss spores | SG iSRR ii Tt: RPRCAR Bg ae BSSEASRRRBERRA vEeeR: ieee: i ‘cae poseean | ., BABS AASS°R RN. RR B.S. BABE. 5 SES ce : uopemyood | ° SSSSSSS: 11) SBISSIRSKESB SiS: FSx is NS i wees i & ‘Bees ‘BRusks : v'e RASSASB: 1:1: SAIS NSSABS BiB: TH “es ANNA: BBBRR iavasse : swmpoaddy | Eooseeas ) fit gens inecees si! agg ig ‘ani iggee: 2 meen ‘mzennn } sie mi tote opie bidet ce ag a te thd cs ped Sse Sie St oS thie ss somone id ttt inde’ i tind teieietad tet pled tot ietet ted tededed tt ieded 2 gd ietad ied ceded os ied F | = 2k | | : aa © ; .. bs E : ia ar S 10 2 x st bs boil : cast = A Lee: : ; geee555: =:: S888 2888s 3: S83 2 2 -2922: 22882 SESee . merontiyox| SSS29393R8 85S SASRRKKKRSE KRESS SERSKAERESSSRKS RSRRSL RERSSER Sah os eau AOXAARMAIerm MAW BAADAr-OrMAD wWoWeo BI ADA RD OAS HOE 00 SR EE POMRAOAD oujomg | “S"SA*RS BS SS°"Ssagee BARS WAASS "A zerRlR? “ARRAN R*RRRR* S ‘an Zoyeyeo SItyy uaysjoon | SSeeess BEEE ESEGG2 2 2 822 8 8 283 2 $388 8883832 "NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, mea 1 at Sydney Elsie vatory—— contin bs: : Colours. Remarks. . | pod ™ 10 et 8 A 10 magnitude star north following. i) : . Too ill-defined to measure. | 159 | 9 10 i ~{ ies 8 9 tod sgham 0 Companion not seen ; definition 1? See Sa Looked ey a 7 wher tes star in a wide 4159 | og cluster ; ni o companies ; rams Hire eee eigen gas fe: BY ot divided ; ni is very oe Suge 6 teeeersereeeees | ROunG with th the highest power ; a 9 magnitude star erat ........ = i . ~ Nor ee Night is too bad to continue observing. si : a a Se Jan. [a0 ap} ee ieee et oe pote pice ales eae ery fain’ - i ae Companion a foi ater bad. ; een OL nes bebe -icace Companion not foun e! on ‘ 4 : s Shi ees wee utes Gals Definition moderate ; stars rather unsteady. - Sond et Companion not seen; 6} magnitude star north «ell sd Companio: errors at definition © TSS Geek Senin orkeererere n n . : eo : Orange red ..... -+++-| Companion only visible by oblique vision, if at all. See Seana Seen elo . position about 90°; definition bad. (SS eas Sa ata Bes Wire between them does not cover from centre to eee u . eae .-| Can just see to measure 3 “a “ad on oseand ses difficulty ; yD ansgalbils 5 star is hazy. 159 4 Difficult ; definition pretty good ; light bad. : 10 Fine clear night. es Difficult ; bad 10 Definition at times very “pad. ) 10 10 | 2 oe A coarse double star ; Herschel gives no position or ewer weg horrible, though night looks splendid. early in the same field with 5053. magnitude star with a companion seen here ; bad ni! one No Xo companion found ; must be less than 12 magnitude Not fc foun cdot Saw the small ; could not see the small companion. Seedisgrs™- bide dine Ghhgn ee ee = e star double. ‘Seenelo towards ee "pad sar Se s (8 ’2 | see toe Oo. = $312 aly $8 Herschel’s 2a Le sBls8 38 £8| number and name. eae S i sa\>e/8 2185 a sala"|3"8 R.|H| 3 h. m. 11} 8/71} 5069 R. i B1SE | 3 SE 604 | 24] 7171) 5075 R. 18 52 1%31 9/791 .,, H. ie ae oe 2 eae Hise 605 | 30 | 9| 80] 5077 pol BA 1856 606 | 20| 9/81] 5078 H. | 18 54 607 | 25] 9| 79 H. | 18 54 608 | 16] 6 | 80 | 5084 Cor. Aust...... R.| .. | 18 59 oS 2 al ern jest Ee | ale 609 | 5| 8/72] 5085 R. 18 59 610 15 8| 71] 4092 R. 19 4 9 | 80 ait FE ee 611 | 30| 9| 30} 58098 ee 612 |10| 9| 72] 5099 Bs Ley 618 | 14| 8 | 71] 5100 5 ates Bh a 614 | 29} 7/721 5108 pM Mca fa es b or SF 9721s, Bea. a 21| 9|80| 5io4 ok Bw. 1.19 13 616 | 30| 9179| 5107 4, | | 19-14 617 | 10; 8/71 | 5109 R. 19 17 618 | 15 9\|73 5114 Rol Pa 18 619 | 299! 9) 81 15 H.j 19 19 620 | 29] 9/79} 5117 .. | H.| 19 20 621 | 3] 9/ 80| 5123 .. | H.| 19 24 622 | 20} 8 5125 RB. | .. | 19 24 623 | 1/10/79} 5129 .. | H.| 19 30 624 | 16| 9/73} 51382 Rs 1 2} 8 : at oe 625 | 14/10/81 | 5133 ». | H. | 19 35 626 | 26 | 7|72| 5140 R.| .. | 19 38 29) 7 | 72 : Re pias - ” A os os 4 pie sa 627 |10| 91721 5Y41 R.| .. | 19 38 628 | 14] 10/81] 5143 .. | H.| 19 39 629 | 9) 10) 71 BG cmos We 630 | 7| 8173) 5158 R. | ... | 19.52 631 | 2110! 79! 5159 .. | H.| 19 52 632 | 3] 9! 72| 5162 R. | .. | 19 56 ie 4 72 mn E i potee . ” R. | .- 9 Bd 633 ne : Z 5163 R.|.. | 19. : Ris 634 | 14/10! 81| 5166 .. | H.| 12 4 635/11 | 9} 73} 5167 oe eee = . 79 Ht. oe ve Declination South. ~ Sass Be "BR Rake ; Bt: . We @ Bea: : ot S&S BEo'- . 4 < 1: RA Bi “oh S avitves® Kees ete > RBEee Bees S58,.8ae8icux ei Sage BERORBot ae . . . . . gal © BS wo BS be % Bw AB R eSBea Se™* . Remarks. ie Colours. is 3 £ Hse, ig Very difficult ; large star, double ; estimated position uo, sm, Sees fsa Si dF by diahseher el wivesmenniy sivas 00 Re ee pay ba cwewees Small sta: cope ania RC ees saree ees LoS Se Very dieule Tooke like oval nebula, with two star fan points : definitio n bad; the nearest ee oa one of Bs a small trian gle ; ; seems strange Herschel did not a a me say so. 8 a eon iden ad ; i Agee ee ACN a0 Pe ME Ci rensed si viweae si Herschel’s position angle, 313°"; the large star is ; double ; ager 287° 16’; distance 1-00” ; 9 and 10 460 | magnitude. 317. AG ee oe (SS skia SR a a ea Very close star ; definition middling. ae ee TEE eh Pretty cluster. Herschel’s 3778 north following. Se S Reeteateeesnte ait a eee eeeoeees ty Ss eee Sky very white. fs evi Lh Senn ee Co’ an oat seen in glimpses in a dark field ; not is Wager NONOW oo sso Soke ce nen companion c \ ip | oo pe ORME dates Se No companion seen definition bad. 159 4 Sav OWEN se cines saws Definition bad. Oe eas varie 1): ; [SS | 8 o| penowand bee ---) Sy very blac. See diagram. 140, 230 — white . B88 Ks 5 oS, co DS wma = $2 00 00 ©» 00 G0 00 0 GO > . . * anew eee . ed eee reece ed Oe eee ee re ee se sees i as ee ee ewes a aaa a ed wee ee ed FOO FES eee ewes shes Bee eee ee POR ee ee ee ee es wees SOS Os eV 6 te we S's 6. wees eee eid ee ee oD \ Definition is bad. See diagram. , but well defined. ds. ae different — Herschel’s position; no uuble near here. rschel’s position 180° wrong. Very bad definition. at dark, and thick night ; stars seem to have only half their usual light. Cirrus very thick. Very pretty o object ; stars are nearly the same colour; dhe smaer has a tinge of green Only just visible wi th lamp-light; toofaint tomeasure 5 o change Not Five sts stare ie an elliptic are precede this double star. Senge gm angers e hazy definition Vv dling. Very Ty difficult ; the night is hazy and thick. Geen: Definition very bad. S bw cena ar Piavaasel benecas 7 BAARSS See wWASSesE is oo a |Pyaue wom eo PH METRES caeasaee = aug RARSBEERRT Beageee | 3 = G | wonmmed | SESSSER fib sRRe t iigge i iase i Aeeas | gueee | es, P WU sgy| FSS PISUSSR GIR IRARR : ARB: Ase: SSSR : eases Re ereee. 8 ak y A | mmoMey| PRR’ RARKR “'R'RRRR “RAR RRR “RARRR ' RRAKR aid Sel | pan oie 7 iY areiarit | i Steeda cece teh st teded iodide scp ted cei cc: tnd eee eat 5 pati te of --1-- ares -- fe td -- fd -- ed —- 1 ~~ ed 7 -- a Ss - ee —--- 7) ao ii idededd tid ot a Sib obiiins ee ns : ht fae eee ae 3 ae att oS Bee ee ; : rs oD . . . . . . . . s i ane q pire ° 4) tee ; ; Bs z yee a ‘ & = ic " Ry bs ‘a 4 5 _ : hh | BE, Reiss . 6 aeee "see 7 = x Ms S2nckS s Mt F Ba *dadad *% Bees Sea : 20d - SEGRE : B8SSS: 228 8 HE , weromumox| SRRRBRASS HSLSKSMS KARRRRSSRRLSSRASRRRSARE RESSZRRLkRK ies ss amie © AWAARSOS “SP dacs Seoaces “ae 1SaSs goo ; anereegee a? a ae on yo tea| * MRARBSRS ANQRermS mRseaugracs ‘S ShaRese’asse- hen 2 “onsoyuyeo sry | ue al ‘ | 3 (\Seper| 88 gaszg 3 8e3 988 388 segue sesee z 88 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. at Sydney Observatory—continued. Magnitudes, Colours. = Tigte aa BB! ry 7 ; seus r sue! - . . . ; : eeeee . — gas ‘ WNSROSHMM: CHMIMMSOMMMMOAT HRONSHHO WOM SN HMCOAN 10 } a 9 PEK ols He wareh G8 MSA aie cir eo ce 6 By ee Gig ea eS Ne Nea sip a eds coe 4m 2) EOS SES ene ce er Me iit etc ee ee cake Seis. fo eee 10} cot Gn asi ey a Neeeoeae eae Pe a tee ce | eae Me = eM eee 3; Both yellow ........ 5 ee > Sauk Reais a! Webs aie riae oe ) gesesepeeneseaa 44} Both white.......... 1 1 L Definition bad. See diagram. Not seen; air very thick; definition not good. Definition good. Very clear, Herschel’s position, Stars Clouds = stopped observations. Follows vonis, not red. 329° 21’; distance, 17”; magni- bane an Stars equal angle taken either way. Beautiful, but difficult ; definition pretty good. Light eae W's angle 177" in h’s measures Clear moonlight ; Herschel’s position, 17°23"; distance, Quite as bright as Herschel’s 5194. Indistinct. Seen ; not measured ; distance, Oe". Observed Fine sais definition good. Bad definition. Fine double. Not found. Seems to be the same as h. 5245. Haze about. A fine. pair; ery faint ; onl measurabl: Tove carefully no found ; det a ask ee or 5235 at Woodford, 2200 feet above sea. m bad. ees must be 5245 are den ee oc saw has hel’s 5235. Same as Not arate in Sn Hs ition. Definition Hachegink ten Seen ; definition so bad it is useless trying to measure. abate 28 BR Te wsese Edated cbdakod eeegeee ge ‘en seat me gio pus s90180p tt 91sun TOpTeOd ZANSAS ALT GSA BSSRABR BR SS APS “3 2 :BR 3. : Se praes | RAAAw ss 2532289 BR OB ER ARB 2B UB IB “ynog TOTFBULpPeC, HAR .RAWR BR. BRB g°gemes © BR SSB i2BS8 Si SS BVsSsRB so Bas Doves te Stars View oyeurrxoiddy Shwe 8119598 9992988 °° +R ‘eora | Re iB HA HAAG ih aes Asse A NS mo: tein mii: icp: tide oo cenit : §,19.\198q0 4 "NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. — Herschel’s number and name. “Anqudy, QIGT OU} Ul Iva x wean = see oy Jo yFUOW *yguouL out Jo Au 11 | 10 | 71 14 | 10} 81 9/10] 71 20 | 10 | 73 42 ensoreyzvo styy UL 1e}S JO "ON 677 | 26 | 10 | 80 683 | 21 | 10 | 79 weet eee . * tee 5338. . After 5338 § Gruis. 11 (79 Se ONS ee ae on ees eee - NEW DOUBLE’ STARS AND MEASURES. 143 1 at Sydney Observatory—continued. | ‘ Colours. Remarks. r| 150 2 Wit A very pretty double in the field with this. R. 329. a = Another double in the field north preceding. yA = 2 it Small star west ; good definition. Stars are unsteady. S: S; 1 DOAN: ANS OOWD “poke Bios Sows o| Bi 5 No third star seen ; definition bad. irs 1 Carefully examined ; companion not seen. ; ‘Yo Definition middling. » sl tog a a 7 and 9 Fis eas wide pair 180°e ; Pua tn n at 46° 30’ S. Dec. | B19 5 #150, 230} 5g Clouds came up. | io gt ad Splendid definition ; calm, clear. = : 9 : 10 Po] 8 20 Companion not seen ; definition very bad. Sel 4 Se Only just oma able to measure this. oe terrupted o ky ERE veer foln a ret ps med only just able to measure it. 39} 10 10 ‘ 8 Mi sn ition, about ae Windy ; bad a definition ; Herschel’s position, L a oe magnitudes, 9—10. / i . LS aa ee ment o ee tte eeesereee Bom Lg OO] eeeeeteeeee eee i | i 2 : aang Fog stopped observations. Ip iireretesetersees | Wl ob] citer eee F ta WSC vers Scud sto: oe ; wa ee Wisja te ths melee sca 19 sll ERS ree PTE ae : ints a little north of € ntis. oT) “i iy Wes Coes Bos oe Pomnts toa toa beh magnitude star north proceding. i BS 159 =| 8 8 ; . : ee a gt ea eer oe “ot 8 ¢ “* eS : eens etaete or a i A ita, WP stl : : a ss idee eh arse Clouds stopped observations. ~) eee A eerie »| tie |40 20) III, | seen at Woodford ; not measured ; 2,200 above sea. ee ir oo SSR Pea coe Definition very bad. good 4 ko ; A mae Te Companion not found night very ; a» |B = ese peietonanenets Ute ae Taint to measure. 1% | hy Ws ees Ill-defined ; bad observations. =] 9 Faint yellow and tinge a > re 20 lee ee Definition not good. : eee oo Gefinition to bad to mearare | 5b 9} Bright yéllowand biuel Another bright. right yellow 5} magnitude star 1 2 49 — NEW DOUBLE STARS AND’ MEASURES. Dovete Stars ce cz S ligecam #s cMasana suuas$ aces = seen aa cere scasssas : | oor ageee iN Oa | aSen B@ iggegeneggnex RRR R SSRn Fe Behe 3 egeees “qynog ~ 29R8SRR Bet Ss A Re ge . 8° 2889 8H .ASae AAs uoyeujood | . SS2GERB SRB IERASt is ides [AH : SA IBASS ISSR ‘ESE ERS svtiaay | HARBSISR BBB SEBS io oN SE: AA ARAR “RiBB :sss See ET: WEP | AAAKANAA AAA “HAKAR “A RAR ‘88 RACRRRR ‘R'RA ‘RRAR ‘AAR eae | [|---| - ee - ee - Dini a: mck: ei cdet cei: | 8.1 ene ‘ waa ae litte inf t iededed ted cob ciedeted cof ced te of abel t cel tel tek cel el ied ¢ te tt te | oe : ae 4 f . g s ie me : 2 = a 6 ; — ; Sse e gis s 5 “oe as 66 ay Se 2 | BeEee GEES 2 Sf Bee : £28888 323 2 28 228 | motsnumox| RSBSESS SSLKSFSSSerkee Besl& & SKLBLSS BRSEL SLSRLLSEE om mmo | S°HNSHS Adeesane°seenes ASHe & SHHASAn SaAS A Srddadaa on jie | SASK SRSTARARR RTAAA BOR A MSRSRCR MBRA ? NPSAOMRAR ensoyeywo S143 e i mms -on | eSeSeh BEE BEE 2 GB & SSR BA SERB BBE & SB BEB ‘NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, 145 _ sare at Sydney Observatory—continued. "rar 5 : Colours. Remarks. e ee AN ye iis iss iceud Seen; not measured. ve = = = SUT ie ty PERE Seen ; too hazy to measure 2 NE Moro acnwine 8 i [MW | eee South end of a small triangle. om 109, 320 7 SRRRE eR it First two measures with power 100; Herschel’s posi- ae is 125°5° ; distance, 8”; magnitudes, 9-9. } 33) win un TM ss | 9 9 Seen ; clouds prevented a ts “io a ‘so Definition good ; clouds stopped observations. : 159 | 10 10 a M0} 9 9 ts 69 | 9 9 ‘ wees 5 8 Good observations. a R. A. 8. Journal, yol. 17, page 88. Jacob’s catalogue, «TM 30 a ake itera tad. ? > ee te ee a: a4 i Both straw yellow .,| Fine and clear. aa ee te TE aia menetacice Position a e first three measures of dis- ae tance muon ae et 298°4° 5 19 | 8 10 : iso iio Not found. 100 | 8 12 Fine pair; companion not seen with higher power than 100. NER dug oe « ts SOR eet ree eee Herschel’s position, 124°4° ; distance, 10” ; magnitudes, LE) eae . os | ot 9 Yellow. 169 9 10 ee te ween sare ee ee vi gp | 43 2B] SSUIEIIIIII | NoPecen ile clouds about. 0 | 8 oioulitiruby Bamtin Herschel’s position, 202°; distance, 35”; magnitudes, 9 | 8 10 8-11: sq | 2 | Yellows ro 3 os et Se ere Herschel’s declination is = i. SEER Tae Definition got very bad after first tw me Js 2 ah eee een . | Definition a Herschel’s psitin, 2027 0 | 8 19 ae magnitudes, S- OS ret Sea oe Ae ee md: fall bo | 46 do] (vt Not found ; moon. tet wl en . ay . ae ‘ Very difficult ; wires. a1 ia A aI: ‘suorea — | “payueansy, penser *paqeunnysgy | “pornsrapy gh os ates mm) ow ae ‘g 00 | “yy [oun pu ‘oN JO 070 *a0URISTCL “UOTSOg PINUYUO—SIBIG OTN] AON JO ASI'E AUOLVAUBSAQ AUNGAG f=7) 88 me coe) are | Ba | mu |: [moms [ER BS foo we ail OR8T ‘uses errr rr rrr g EPP eeeeee eeeeee a ee veeens > 8 8 | Mra ee 7 "rrr" | g8h-90T | 9t9g | 88 @ [sts eat "S88-O88T “uses 4SaTy siya A eagles OL 6 809-08 easy 08-98 tea io0ere OF 8h | 98 6 =o Bee ‘wudep oop wid | vce {) 2 4 | bese f] ict | 888 rrevee | HEME TERE (ORR HS ast : 8£8.08 L he a eee eS eee “OT-8 ‘sepny usvur ¢ ,ZF.g dounystp + 8-L9T “Uoyy 5 683-0881 PeAsosqgo SALT coal idrad eae Il 8 F18-08 me eeeee* | 096-C0T Sl 8h | 686 (8688"D'V SSL “ha: OL OL 68-18 Eh te 3 vPREES 4.99 62 LEO| Cae ettete ees sae ae *O]FUVII} [[VUUS ¥ JO.10}8 SULMOT[OJ OU} ST STUY, te eeeeeses 8 8 FLUGL tebeee esses 090-08 8% 19 62 6 whieeesses gay 2, or 6 | 206-84 Sie meses | Mabe. | OR OG | WE st ee : i “urvaSerp oog beivens og 4 R \ cog.t8 { iy oot \ sees Legge Legg. lrteeeeets tat * OT OL | 106-84 ae eS A eee Sh.09 | 28 ee ORL q TL Tt] 208-84 tare ‘ores | S80.8E | 8699 | 286 |"ttt*t*** OTT ae) Spas IL OL | TOL-84 Or 086 ye BOO eee ion oS See ret IL 11] $88.08 81 $8 elses (Game [Gea iv ieee Bee . ‘Ploy ourus uy | s-*s** +++) for or | se8-08 st 0% ue | GG | eae 1 eresSe> ose B IL OL 888-08 SL ose eee cL 6P IG 6 eee ee tee SIL f IL I $k8-08 St ole sates 0 6P 02 6 ristesess gee ; IL OL | gsg.08 ST ore ce: Ome Pere iy ites aay i, & "PIS-O88T ‘uoos sana | “''***"* lf 6g | geg.o8 eee te SOO OR ere rete aie: "PLL-SL81 ‘woos ysang | **t*sss* | at Tt] ape.0g eevee sresee | cereog |opgg | tT6 [ttt TET . i TE. Om |. septa, | te pret WE Pe ee a “muse oog vordia, | *tts*** | at or or | g6e-18 { Sisk OF. | shen | ae Om [BES [etree oot “ ry Ot OL eee eeas 8 01% rd Z19¢ | 216 feteeeeere gor 4 =) OL 6 wie saree 8 ee 09% wseeee ze 1g 21 6 Mirhes tees Jae 8 “UIBLOVIP dag aT dL, sheets sees) RCE oe 992-18 { a lee an } Se aie er e9 | 2L6 steeseeees gor ‘d pur "9 “g “W sing sere ew wene IL OL 992-18 teense been ne 08% teens og cg 216 re COL 4 “POL “ty WeASuIp vag oeeeeences IL OL 992-18 Pree veenes ogg cheees 08 99 ZL 6 (tbr eyes: gap ; ye IL IL 96% TS obbe we eabeus 0¢ aseree 0g ¢¢ ZL 6 eeeeeeanes £0 ‘uvsSurp og *pjoy ayy ursayedanog | stssesssss | TE IL] ggeTg rn flee Gee a” SOs lone | ee eit! t+ + tee ; IL OL} 992.18 9 reseee | Ope teres Tov ag [apg frteeces** Tor IL IL} 99%T8 ot teeeee | gg trtse | peg (eee fossiesess Que \gees0e | ovea \ wor |r s-* ont oped ; “PTS. O88T peas q8aha joes voted 6 68 968-08 neeiee 18-3 sreres | seop.g sp er | oF OF -ofay Wl on “apnyuseut ¢ 70.2 “oourystp * LTF'908 uontsod 5168-0881 ‘persosqo 4satt eeoes 6 6 | 006.08 oh he ale 09-8 soeeee 1 Geeeog 1 26 60 [OS OL [ots tte ss gor pire Molex | cts? TRP- TL Jab 21-31 sammie Fh 2 A OC Op Se OL tet ts gor OL ¥8 | 186.54 Poe ae eee se a eat 8 19 #9 | PROT ote gat OL 8 | &P¥-08 ae 14-8 Stee 1 BL T6t 406 BO Gas OE et ieee tae OL 6 | 9FF-18 Seis Bee E reese 1088-998 | OF 19 7] 26 OL ft toes." Oat por qusiiq.irejs osrey | tt ot 6 LPS-08 teeeee 0Z-F severe | ee peT 2 99 | ee OL [ttt GFL "nyiqnop uorisod { opsuvts Be po Suv-gy511 v Jo o[Suv oyy sulioy Avis omy, | "TTT enyigenn FIE-08 g fe eay G12 soeers lo oe Leg or iitttstts** FL “OUT, OY JO 1QNOS ,,C. ST pATY} OY} f puooss pu'e 481 OY} SOOSIG O1TM OY} OGM OUTIL % ur A[JOVXe YsoT]e PUL “W'Yy UT ‘SZT a. UIYIIA SIVYS GOAT, “FRZ-PLST ‘Moos sary | vet 0 9 FPE.08 jee AD aah s eet 1 $9 8. 6 LOF-T8 pagent hy 69-11. 019-86 99 $9 : 1 age | 928-08 ‘ pee GO-¥Z ae "** | 066-496 pe 4 “IR4S 4SV[ OY} UITA\ PLOY Up SOUI[Y SMOTTO |, CT” IL OT | 868-18 I gee oat } riba IL OL | 868-18 yea 16-41. AS Re TB ZS 6F Bb G6F-08 eae 88-§ teeeee | 80-698 OF 30 481 OF °°" aL “sefao dee * 908% ‘H . oe . ee ee eee sv osojo sv {Javou {#Zz.e1BT ‘u90s 4saTT Abs peanamei | 8 FFE O8 une "$6.3 hes 190-18 82 99 | ST OT |"* TtL 6 8 | 294-18 a en Pee e* TN GUEIS = 05.98 40T OT 88 ae "PPE OSST ‘u908 qsaly ee 6 L 68P-08 eeeeee GL-Z bes LIL T&S OF 99 IL OL ee 6ST : ; evita’ Ik OF { 9 te Se sabes vienqaceas WuvIsuIp 99g ‘ordi, ot 46 \oce.18 ; ers oS 6 oo {6 OL aa “gq 0} VY uvyy 910UL 9799TT % ‘souRzs]P foammo B StULIoy IOs paryy V |-'*s*'** pow | IT f6 $0Z-8L ee GL-T eres’ | £90.15 COVE POPS hte te eee 6 8 88-08 Halse TP-8T ede 4 OF Gh ere eet IL IL} 86-12 OL meas OFE bee 1 Ok ee ee a *,0L3— Olt uo ApOUxty Recent enee §g 8 F2S- TL steer PP.OL weeeee 000-013 L& &R 6F 6 seer eeseee rel 6 6 | &OF-08 ve ere BR Cl ane ees «| SY OR OG yt ett es Ul Th] PAS a tt | eke terees | 980-691 | FY Og | OF G6 ceceeesees aT “ a“ ° ° t ° ‘ ° *SUOTIUA | pareunnst ‘pamnsvayy | ‘payemyppsg | *pernsvayy | ‘syAvUMO YY *saMojoD “Sule ~1980 § 00d | ‘yy |‘oweN pus ‘oN Jo 94Rq | *oOUTISIC, | *MOTYISOg | "PIN 14U0I—BILIG eyqnog MON JO LSI'T AUOLVAUTSAQ ATNaAG, NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, ~ see wena RT 3 ee OL SCR-TL eee ere ee ree eee 0Z 9 9¢ *t snes saa I 808. TL weet ee ee eens eee eee ad 99 11 Ege se SSL OL OT | 288.08 86-01 oyadas O00F-80T OP OL | 29 TL |****** Tet OL 56 09%-8L 69.8 eaves £8L-081 Bb 29 Te Th tte O8t “MOTPPA | 6 6 ooe-TL 10-9 waters L1Z-8SR 8% Lo OP IL [terre ttt” BLT ‘orp-12 ‘noes tet | 77 | OL 6 | FGF.O8 60-01 ears SoF-29L | OF GP | OP IT [ott * BLT "pis-og ‘woos sat | "16 RS | oce-08 69-8 teers | 10G-20T | 98 OF | GB IL [ttttttt tt LAT “mesautp Ul Vy cb tide ate ha pasess 006-28 £0-8 eeveoe 092-L08 $% 09 98 TL Sabu e Cees OLL as te ens O18 8109S ‘qamsnp vu] “TTL 6 | OSes ee Ge evtser | BORGT 190 Ge TOR te tht?’ ont oeeSh Ta “OOS 481] nis ethane 6 8 GRG-08 Seat 88.F we aeae LIL 04 G8 | HOTT RT or 6 LOV-18 ake 68-3 ES 0G8-6P 16:90 jh ee en a “juSvur £ 96.9% ‘eoungsy ‘anor Son 86-96 ‘sounysIp f ¢z9.90 -jsod } pop.6L “poansvot pus pateaoosiqd rs be rine 6 6 S6P-18 sean SL-&S eee OLS. SOT TS.S8 2 Fe ee BEE It 8 L18-08 ia GL:3 Pima oe 006-0¢8 La OE TOS, Wie a ae 2 § “OL.6 “epna ~juSwur ¢ F0.FT ‘oouvsstp * 808.8Fs ‘UOT “sod * p9p-18 ‘poansuow paw posoaoosg | *'******** | IT 6 | 96F18 sree | OST "see" | 91.09% | 8FS9 | OB TE [iitt'ott** OUT éL OL | S6F-18 NR RE he: | 08 = O00 Pet te? eat oe ee a 08-8 "Terts | $89.98T | 06 Sh | ALTE |°°**'*°'** SOT It IL | OfF-6L Press LE-16 a GSo.86 TS BR et PR Ph ee ee . : MN AES mec 013 eee Wakes teow UeLsUIp on aldiay, GL IL IL | #8F-18 8T Die , veeees | gooarg y| 2 #9 | 8 TT 99T “PI8-08 “USOS SIN | “tt g 8 LT&-08 ARN CLS migwiemiee et 20 owe a eae “OMA | @t kL | TT 84 Pec) Qa "eet" | $8L38 | 8809 | HO OL [8 POL TAJIQNOp 17s sty) Jo"y | tt {8 8 182.61 rca 08-T etree eee 4g 89 | 09 Or |****"***'* SOT eo. it GOP-08 ee £9.01 sesets 1 LOT.83¢6 OF Gh 2 OF ee Ber *MOU JOPIA YOU £ 9.140199 03 9.19090 LOTT P219A00 AIIM YSOUUTY Woes 4s UO AL shy ipestees) 2 L ZST- 68 PED Ate 02%-T Net ee von “motto qyog coe 02-08 pare ST.T Meat L18-89¢ 8 4 12a SL aes °8-0 eee: LTS. 19% “Sulsvorour 0q 04 SuI098 doU4STD 6 4 8EL-94 era 61:0 serrata fo 1 B98 J £{B48 e[qnop auy t4ojsnpo snSry vy ‘amd Sroujou Sujoro sogynupm anog | ves |g 4 | gers Heed! ee 8 "ttr* | gg0.99g | 8809 | OF OL [ttt *'** TOT OL 6 FOP. 18 See 00.2 “eres | 686-783 8 80 | SHOE i oS GOL 6 8 | 9cF18 ee | OSE “r** | 966-618 | SL OF | PROT |°"""**''"* GST 6 6 994-18 opeery TF PS SC | BLP ISS St OF | PRoE [h BeE ‘nig "WIT | IL FS | foPTSBE | “"*''* | 8 fees peer #890 | SPOT [LST a“ “ 4 0 ne | *SUOIAVA ( ‘parwurrissr | *pamnsvay [amore a) SAS ee “sIno]OD “BUT -x08q0 ‘sg 09d | “VY /‘omUN pus ‘on jo ova ‘oouvystd | ‘aomor | PEenujuog—SsAVI) O[QGNOCT AO AT yo asi"T AUVOLVAUASTC) aaxass : g : F 152 4 “OFLA. for or -F Php ted .! sii desea |. neces eeee ieee saa hk ee ws Rove d PORL e \z = oR Saorece Me? or 6 TPS- 18 eee €R.9 eee | |S SL thee ee eee Ol’ "818-82 “woos asaya | MoTeA QUSYT | OT 6 | ZeP.08 poe | Bit sesiepcpe te SF | Ty BE. Prete asene 80% “79.8 ‘ooungstp ¢ gE0..9 ‘Worjsod ; 08 POAIOSAO JSALT "ZSP.08 “W908 4SALT See TL OL ZGF-08 aeneee 79-8 wee eee 08L-9 Ot 99 OF ZI SR RN Cea 808 *MOUWY T SOTQnOp : qsesojo oyj Jo ou $79Z-8, ‘uses asmpT | “Tt li Ob | FFE-08 rte obo ec ee ee ee 6 6 GEP-08 sare ee 89-81 vee s 116-116 | 91 $9 | LE SL ies IL | T1t9-18 peas ce OP-86 pen ce OF6-1LZ | 98 19 5 fo =f | cer.08 ete 1 One ***** | go2.00t | 08 29 | 18 Bt T 6 | T1918 srertt 1 Ot ‘sts | prg.08t | SL OF | 18 BE | ovosny 9 £08 “PSP. TL ‘uses hea } "te *’ 1 SL TIE O8PO8 seas F0-16 7 : SE8-93 OL 49 | 466L |" ****** BOS ‘ayy pure ‘mora’ fasuvi0o ‘seu J oO i g[pprut ‘oul, B@ uy ApTReU sIe{s 90.149 as pees AEA JO ULoYJAOU SOUT Ot}—F8Z-8L “Woos 4st |*""* MOTOR | OT 6 | ZSE-08 eck £F-3 ttt | 2op-026 | TL 19 | 8B ST 108 “p9z.g1 ‘moos qsang | "| OT 6 62F-08 apa 66-3 116-P8t 18 O09 | 1681 7°*°°""**** 002 ZL red 088-08 setae oe oe 08% eee eee 0 is Ts St seem e een ee 661 uv OT ‘sepn yuseur $9,¢ ‘a0uRIsIp ee a i a Pe Seca ¢ yene ‘uses gemq | “icc: [OL 66 | aeb-o8 feet £0.2 sites | gog.og | 98 19 | or et [217277 gor , Aes OL | cO0F-08 Pretee e pias efi’ 4 od 4, St st aeeeee dot : insosengund fat TL]. Brae pda le 6. : O1B 5 cscs at apa. Ut or} 92F-08 Coreen | roes0t | gpgmog | 13 00 | 8 Bt |'"°°°"7°** ger 0,21 oounpsyp $898.1 ‘uoos gs] "| TL OL] 996-08 iy 18-81. ej fee. 1 ee tr ee 8 8 i Me iar (Eamets ; 8-0 0¢9-89T GZ cg | 9 Zt teteeeere gar IL OL 83-8, g ween 06 ween 18 1¢ ] ras sehen eee Z6L 8S. p ‘aouvysip We £ oce'siz ‘uontsod £ TTE.¢2 ‘poAresqo 4SaT,7 carted Avirt OL 6 9Zb-08 esriiaes 18-8 oes.60g | 1209 | * at eae ee wane 16l sey/ST “eourg Re “sip {0,09 ‘uorisod {gez‘t, ‘woes gsag | “""'*"*** «| OT) ©=«(OL | «Tat-08 Pie 81-01 Benes C86. BF Stoo 1% gf Ptr 06 "9cg.TL ‘uses sag |} “""""*'""’ «1 SE CTL | «(996-08 pea OF-98 ; > | 900.606 | FT 68 | O° SE [°°*°*"**** 6ST =. ‘its | gee of TSS! Po eeeet | 83 98 | O BE |7*°°77** +s BBE 16 {6 | 96F.08 pee ee eee OO ee ee ‘ureLsep og «= *aydrag, | “Tt : i G0F-08 anes ge eae ae pret} i) if re ae ‘ol Surety qreuts @ Jo gurod Surpoooad oy, eee eres os OL OL ZOP-08 enaee sn [ae 000-29 OL 19 6¢ IE RESIS * ORT foul ur ApTROU ‘9,21 ‘OouvzsIp}: OApays og-TL “WOO gst | TT TT) oT] 69oFosst | ct OL-FS Leis Tor-602 198 12 100 IT [°°******** ser “ a“ ° ° ) # ‘SUOTIVA | “PayVUNysy | *pornsvopy | *paywurysy | ‘paansvapy ‘neat | en | ee ‘g 0a} ‘ya [-oureyy pun ‘on Jo 09Rq, “OUTST. UOT} ISOd PO Sis Fenmesioesses ase ‘panunjuoo—SICIG O[GNO, MON JO GSITT AUOLVAUASAQ AUNGAG 153 d f : : ; Z6F-08 ee eeee 66.F eeeeee TS9. 911 PS 99 @9 SL eee eeeeee bawd a8 6 $ Z6F-08 res 98-8 eeenee 000-091 | spo9 |eoet |r’ 18 -aSueyo i0j 40fqo 9803 @ BY Oy *£ OOT-FOT ‘uopysod $ Z8F-TL ‘poarosqo Iq “OUT oy} JO Opys Zurmoyjoy oy} uo puooes @ 30 | 9q 03 suIeS oun Denotes oe ee 9uSreajs v uy utes Loy} 008 39 49 qa oop gens not AA + BF Be) 8 a *,08 ‘90uR} -sIp : oul] B Uy s1v38 omnia 6 oa eeeeeeeees 88 8 ZZ8-08 ee beee weeeee eeneee OOT-FS1 gh 19 0 Gt (°se*t**** bes 3) ieee alto Di Mca d. i ahemeee | San TaD “re | eg sores | qrnort | og ah | a et [ttt ean 1 1 «6 | 809-18 nt ee terres | pog.ong | BP G9 | O9 BL [**""'*** B35 aeyjoue ‘Mores ouo { 81048 remsaae A[LOYHION SOUL OUT, “ZEF-8L ‘uoas yang | “MONA WIG | 9 = G_-| STF-08 et) at por-eve | en eg | 8 Bt [itt t ir ae SL ON 6 6 | 8IF-08 pots at puget | org. | syst [*s1001007: Tr OL} Fey. 18 ae As Gee-1F8_ | 99 89 | BF ST tesesees GER ureasurp oog opdyay, | ott7t7 777 OL or Of | OF FOS renee LORD ‘vas apie } 93 89 | 18 St [ttt Fee SL 9 PSP-08 we eeee LO nee eee wm eee 19 1S 18 81 Ao 00a 90808: Gog "9811 odwp Uy UOT eUT[OOP “09 Jo 10119 FY 969F H oq Avur ! gyF.12 ‘punog | 8"*""*"*" | 6 6 | BegGL =| cttttt | oET ost-zor | or 9 | 6s et [s**t zee “pep. TL ‘wees sang | **°** choot ebay Ty bh See RENEE SLL ¥29-491 0.09 | 65 8E |'7t?*"***? Bas *s10qS jo Surys ume. OTPPIN ee . weno #83-8L, wl ee eee 01% tee 99 1g £2 gL ee ee ee eeee 022 48 “our, -sIp { 90F ‘uorisod £ IGP. Th ‘u908 48a tere teaser aa 6 088-08 eee . £9.81 eee £86-8Z 18 el 23 gL eee ee eee 612 ‘ TL 6 | FI9-18 cee) wee seree’ EF OPDMOT 1 TN ee | GE et Oe » “whl F “90UB,sIp : £.886-69T ‘uop{sod ‘T2p.F2 “poatosqo qsaqg | **°"*"** ** lig 6 | 6ap-08 88-8 +» | oog.ost tog ue |oset [ttt tz oi 8 OFP-08 1.9 seee* | Qoz.6z~ | 6% 99 teeseneeee one TL Ot Tey aes Ba AEE IRIE. aboee € OS F y a OT $19.08 y yale 3 OF 7 A Ik OL] ¥29.08 cL fh 5 OF 7 rt Ss S6P.08 Peer GS-61 ¢ oF y \ ‘ke 8 S6F-08 UVa Ghan 81-96 g cP onyq pus poy | Of 4 TRL-04 eink oo. 0F g GF : ie 109-18 ee LLG 8% ! fan] *o]qnop surly pees somite or G GEP-FL Miter 0¢-9 1é a "OPP. Ty ‘ueosqeag | “°° S | P60 6B | OSS8.08 8 senso y aa m 2 GT puB da ZG } B aauepanae SbF. TL & NRE og 19 | 12 ; ‘souvjstp { spp. TL ‘uoos ysuy ! sured OM, Yarnivbe hte Go 8 I | 6r.08 eerie GG-1S 219 | 13 <2) ‘eniq $ ‘Svut TT IL $9.18 HOON £6: Pp Le | ST ‘ | A 668.08 one 2 ae 3 GL | #1 =) Ir L | G6P-08 Pang $3.4 3 € ' IL TL I1¢.08 earth 00-96 a z g a 6 T1g-08 Been 66-68 > T nh yeaah ny E ‘sror U Mat prog oug ur} cette [4 OF Se ae | pb eer ga % TL F1S-08 Pein 10-1 d g¢ y ne “BSP. TL ‘US08 4ST SSH Hen a ies IL PLg-08 Dee 84-81 Z cq hi = “ZSF. 11, ‘W908 4SI1,.T Seen eeee OL T 809.08 aeeene LL-98 09 7 FS § Ree : fe § 68P-PL the SL-9 & 9 #9 § “GSP. TL “US0s ISAT | TT Ir I} S6F-088T SMe BL-FL 0 & #9 § ' “ “a ° ° fe ‘he : "SUOTIBVA *pazyeMiysy | “paimsvayy | ‘popvunpsy “paansvoyy 3 “SyavULOYy ; *sIn0]09 ‘AVC -198q0 ‘S00d | “VU | ‘outey pute ‘oN ie jo o7Bqr “OOURISIC. | “UOTIISOT | PO De ear ean mairE ; be "PanurqzuUuoo—S8IBYQ o[qnoq, MON fo Lsr'y AUOLVAUTSAQ AUNGAG eS = a M - 155 NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, “*OSOF 10 2038 OFsv'] eee ennee 6 L Sho. LL LL ee eeee ESe-Fos 5 aS] 8 saa 1 DRA 068815 Oe oe or 4 | 491.08 90.8 tresses | 888.0 9% OF | OL LE ['"*"****** 166 ot 4 | 294-08 weg | c''°** | Ate88E | 2 88 | 9 at j'** 908 suwiSurp eag |“ ** «| BL BI SL | 419-08 { MOD Bs Rae Ferrer O90 9 it 10"? 08 1, ‘uosegmayg | te 1G) 6B} LL-08 TLL eeseee 1 STLBOS | OT Go wee ate? ** 908 wes a a4 6 GLG-BL se eeee Gst aeeeee 0 89 g LI sPeseesses OAR ar ras 619-24 eeeeee OLT seenee s¢ 09 g L wees enee G63 Tr fo | 669.24 a8 severe | g9g.e6t | F180 |B Lt [i'*trtt'** 168 tem gto teitissan Lae ee | 1 60-81 sreree | po.ggt | ot Bo 10 AE prttttstss: 088 "G06F “yf Sey } 4v}s AON It Di a adel ind aL 8 189.08 eee e ee ee eeee 000-8ST 9¢ 03 6g ot ee eee eee 683 TL OL 699-18 66-1 ee eeee 009.¢9 OF 8b $0 OT [ott tt st 88s 8 8 | O14 90-8 conse 1 Emp TSL | Oe lore Pot: aes TE 8 | 669-18 SULT reeses | 288818 | 0. LB | BP OT |". ''** O86 *O6SF “Y SMOT[OJ f upwjOOUN AoA OCOUNBSIG | ***"****** | OL OL | L29-1L Phir est srr log op | ep oL frtttttt* 9g% fo 6 | S198) 89.9 reese | 499.93 | 88 9 | BB OT [ttt tt" ** HBS 6 L | 629.18 8F-0 seeeee 1 00R28.° 1 19 86 4 UR OR G0 e's See *oiqnop Aqjoad Aro, | Mook quyet | 4 Fo | 09-14 dee Back: meveee 1 BOLPCL 1 :0F 00. 1 88 OL. [ot thet t tag OT 6 | FOF08 aes Rt steers | B8BBZL | 8219 | 9S OT [°° *'**** 18S f Gs} BRF-OB pact e verses | gonse 10 99 | 08 OE [i°7'77777 088 6 6 TL¢.08 OL ee teee OLB pense 2g £9 gL 91 pe eeteeere 612 Or 2 aes] a * | 99.18 eae 00-61 2 89 | OL 4 cee: 4 : sessecenee Lor tr] aot es eth eae 99 |Stot fers: sny "AL FOF HEN Prog Uy sIyed OMT 4 Speaus ea rat at| Leah L jaeeee cP seeeee Lop gg lopop [rtttttt’ Ole ‘OOUVISTD 8-8 * 169-798 ‘uoytsod ‘ 4 ‘ LF9.18 ‘Uo}ywar9sqo puoods S afqnop ours | ***"**''** | OF FG TL9-F pes eae see or 9:8 168. Ob Pr ae . ae eaiehee 889.84 teers 1 Ogg sroeee | 9g i uolueduros eso[ s,urequang st Sty, 6 ¥ { 012.81 Sere 89.0 shedae ty 6 6L | 8 OL |" Hdu00g 4 ; tr ¥ | FOF-08 8-0 rt) aie “"""* | so 99 | OL lssny na @ Fug 88h “Y Suymosjoy “sp ‘ogg.Ty ‘uoos gsm | *'°"***** FIT TL | 61S-08 ea eee sreres | Si-O0T | 9989 | OL |'"*" **""* Bug f6 6 | 99ers Ce de Ob seen 1 219-Z0L | 09 89 | 8 OT [ort ** Big oc 6 | $99-08 en 19-9 sere" 7 ONE TE OS BR RO OE tte es oa IL OL] 889.08 Lie &8-0T "tf BOR BT 1 OS AO BE OT gtr ee? us ; *aouRISTP 16.1 5 LT. TST wood $ GFg.1g ‘uoyearesqo puooog | “**""""""* |f6 6 | 619Sb re 1 ae vreees 1 008-8T | 1899 | 09 OT [ttt tt*t 6 6 OFS 18 terete TL@ eeenee 490-891 IZ so LP eL beeen eens Pa "19. % ‘a0uTySIp 3008-89 ‘uoysod ‘69.12 ‘poasosqo sg | "S| LL | (8GP-088T sree 1 OLS sree 1 SPLTST | 2 98 | M8 OE fot" gpg “ a“ ° ° ‘ o é 2 *BUOTIVA | -porwunnsct | *pomsnay | *pagrmyyssy { *pounsuapy # “syavuoy “sano[og “Sey 10840 ‘od | “V'H /ourey pure own | ‘soumma | ‘uomog by ‘panunuor—s81B4g O[qnog MONT JO LSITT AUOLVAUASAC xaxaig NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES, 156 : “yQ40U 9 pun Spuooes FI sopoooid { aujs “Beur yuo, yw “WBAZUIP 9O§ “1UzS por v avOU 5 aydiay, "689-4 “U908 JSI1q "8109 ‘Y JO 1098 of10r] ‘ayed Sutpeooad yyra poy oures uy Ayave *PLOJPOOM, 4V Op } 9ST] UL paryy, 10-9* * 00F- 962 \ ora.t8 { : YyxIg 20-9" * 191-963 : ULE 16-F* * 186-966" 149.18 : PAI, 461-8" " LTL-883°'661-84 “ ypuooag 60-9" §86-966" *S19-81 UOHBArosgo ysaTT mer MOOR "L19.08 ‘u908 4satq “OF-OL ‘oounqsrp ‘£16.24 ‘uorsod ‘gz¢.g4 ‘poadesqo qSapq 'GLP-GL {W998 481 6.6 ‘Sopnyruseur { JOP.g4 ‘998 4saIT “* ond gure were tee e ee *MOTIOA Bene eeereee ONT FY MOTOA Se bteeenee OO eo ae eead Shee ee ee we Heres enee *SYIVUIOIT pee aaa mae: appanage MENT ey ‘smojog =| “fey cy Lal al i a oeal re MOBAMOAGSAAArES ratna SCacn re e 219.018 wae OGL. 9T 916-916 OSL-966 $19.90 LT8-FT Atte nee eee 0 weeree ah payeungag | *pamnsvay, *WOTHT8Oq (PINMZW0I—SIVIG OTQNOT MONT JO TIT AMOLVAUGSITC) AUNCAG week eee eas 9@e Se eee eeeas PES S fee wetaaene 808 ee wre een eee ‘OUIYN PUL ‘ON : : i : 2 é ‘BIY} AOU S9IqnNop Uezopuynoqy | *"""""''** | OT 6 | 063-28 24 eee oT eee i ro The 1a rh tts: one ~abred ‘oni | SE 8 PLZ-28 q ereits Ost O90 1S ttt tet Os ystems) | 6 = 8 | (18-04 eed ‘tress | gBg-098 | 9F 69. | 888 |**''"tt*** BB fe * MOTIOA OL - GRL-8L 0g eee eteeee ee of PP SO 18 & ee ee ue A OL OL] 028-04 06 bad OPT "sete" 1 0% 64 | 93 8% “OOTT ‘o]Suv poywuryyso £9FL.08 PopIOA | ett" «| TE TL | 028-04 Bile bewhs Vetere stress | Gb 18 | GS 8% : 8 L TP6-08 Ley 91-98 sreste “| POLTTS | 9% $9 | AT &Z y ‘Suypoooad yy20u 24s opngyuseur payyy y | ott | eae 918.08 esr ey 89.91 oeseet 1 000-408 | 19 So 1 ok ae IL} 998-04 ST Kee EAN eee £9 PB iT & ‘oda, PL GL IT| 998-04 { | a vere eg e, IT 88 FL ST | TO8-04 61 pea ie O3T 45h hy TG LL | 69 & “IBIS OMY JO UTOYjIOU oy, | “*"******* | OL 6 S8L-84 ee. PL-IL “rere 1 19L-866 | 02 99 | 98 3B "quyey A104 staid Stu elo OL OT | 682-TL OL ee 006 bad atid 0 68 | 69 Ié ZI GL | «(108-04 OL uaa} tein reeees 1 09 88 | 6F TZ "BOG INOGe ZEzS ‘YBOpedoIg | “""'*'**** | IL IL] 662-84 SL >a ee OPT srttts 1 86 98 | GP 83 I IL | 662-84 fest ay ap eats OST 20 GZ 19 | G8 IZ OFIYA puBONTA) OL 6 061-84 haat B83 vreete | JOL-SIL | 06 88 | 8B TZ 8 8 GOL-84 spidey’ 10-9 pei 800.08 2 98 | 22 1G "pel TL ‘u90s Wsang | *'******'* «| TL (OL |] 819-08 er ae OF. FT "*ttt" | GBL-888 | LF OO | 03 12 "prL-T, ‘uo0s geld | """'''''’ «1 8 AB | oT9.08 previa t ogee "'* | JTLGOL | $F 99 | OL TZ sr Ob 981-04 nF a G9.9 "' 1 210-6 92 49 | IL Té “yynos Oy WAVY a puv ‘seg Aq 9929 att sopoo01g see eeeneee 6 6 984-04 wenn 09.02 eeneee 001-81 98 09 OL 1% ween eheeee 6ze "9969 "Y UII ploy 03 UT seen ewnee OL OL $09. 088T FL eee eee OIL ee eee . Sop 09 OL Te ee 82° “ a“ ° ° ‘aoe ‘oo8 *SUOTIBA “peqwenrasat | ‘painsvoyy | -poyeunsg | ‘pornsveyy *SyIVUIOY "BALLOTOD ‘Bow 10840 ; ae eto! Od 1 ee | PONT PHS aE yo oer ‘oouypsIc "UOTIT8OL ‘ponusquoo—navyg) OTqNocE MOXT JO wsITT xUOLVAUNSEQ AGNGAg NEW DOUBLE STARS AND MEASURES. 158 rt * 18 Eee - ore. | 1s | eee | ee | 90. | te | SLC. \ 12 | pes \ -- \ at. \as \ eee \- \ wee. ts. | 08 | ste. | og | zz8. | og | oz. | og | ono. | of | cue. | og See Oa ee Re - |. 63 | 606. | 62 | P28. | 6 | BL | os | 299. | 6s | cic. | os Sor. es | Gor ee | eee | ee S ae 84 906- 8G | Ick | 83 | 6st | 83 | F990. | 8s | oe | gz | 2st | ee | gor 86 | OZe- | 8% 83 43 | 0G. | 246 | OTR. | 4B | se. | Le | coo. | 2a | Loc. | 26 | O8% | 22 | OoF | 2s | ste | Le pias 9% | 106. | 96 | 918 | 9G | FEL | 93 | GF. | 9G | FOS. | OS | BER | Os | Zoe. | oz | ate. | 9% | 9% SB | 868. cS | ST8. GG | 18L- GZ | OFO. SS. | 19 GG | GLF | So | FOE. GB | GIs. | GS % 7G | 968. | FS | OT8 | #S | StL | FS | SFO. | FB | GGG | FS | OLF | Fo | BOR. | Fe | GOR. | Fz % S16. 86 | 868. 86 | 808. 86 | 96L £6 | TF | && | HSe- | SZ | PLE | SS | 8s. 8B | LOG. | & 83 GLB. | GS | 068. | GB | SOB. | 2 | Sel | GS} REO. | Ge | Sco. | ao | Te | as | oge. | az | POR. | Ze 2% 696. | 12 | 488 | 12 | GO | 1% | OL | 12 | ceo. | Te | og T% | 89F | T2 | S88 | 1S | 108 | IZ 1% 196: 0G | #88. 06 | 008. 0G | £TL 06 | &€9. 0G | SF 0% | SOF. 06 | TS8 0G | 862. 0Z 06 796. | GT | 688 | 6T | L6L. | GE | STL | GT | Of | BL | ce. | GT | SOF | BT | SLE. | GE | OBS | GT 61 196. ST | G48. | St | POL. | SL | STL | SL | 209. | SL | GPS | SL | OOF | SE | Se | St | S6z. | ST gt 8o6. LT | 918. LU | 16 LT | 60L- LI | ¥29. LT | 689. ZT | LSF LT | G18. LL | 06%. LT PAA 996+ 9L $l: 9T | 682. 9T | 90L- 9L | Geo. OL | 28¢- OL | SSP OT | Ol8. OT | 88% 9T $1) $96. | ST | T48- | ST | 984. | ST | FOL | ST | GTQ | SL | FRc | GL | BGR | St | 208 | ST | Gee | ct 91 OSG. | FL | 898 | FL | S8l- | FL | TOL | FL | OTD. | FL | TSS | FL | GFR | FL | FOS. | FE | ses. | FT #1 1*6- | SL | $08 | ST | O8L- | ST | 869 | SI | STO | ST | Seo | St | OFF | St | Tos | et | 62; SI | $61. | SI | SIt- | St | sso. | st S76. | GE | 208 | SL | 844 | SL | G69. | GI | 119 | SE | OG | SL | HR | BE | BSS | BE | 42% | St | eet. | at | ctt | st | oro | et Gre. | TE | OO8 | TE | 92d. | TT | $60. | TT | 800. | TL | Soo | TL | Tee | IT O98 | TE | le | TL | GBT. | TL | STL | TE | 280 | Th 686. | OT | Lok | OL | G4 | OL | 069. | OT | GOD. | OT | Oe. | OT | SEF | OF | Soe OL | TZ. | OL | O8T | OT | OTL | OL | CHO | OF 986. 6 Pgs. 6 694 6 189. 6 G09. 6 ST¢. 6 CSP. 6 0¢e. 6 89%. 6 €81- 6 LOT- 6 &E0- 6 F866. 1 8 es8. | 8 49). | 8 cso. 18 009- 8 cre. 18 eer | 8 Ste. | 8 99¢ 18 T8l- 18 FOL. 18 610- 18 TS6. | 2 6F8- | ZL POL | 2d eso. | 2 269. pA ae. | 2 OSF- 4 crs. i 2 £06. | 2 82t. { L Tol. Z O10 ik 826. | 9 ors. | 9 T9k | 9 619. | 9 F6e. 9 6o¢. | 9 Ler. | 9 Gre. | 9 09% «=| 9 cll. | 9 660. | 9 FLO. | 9 cab. | 9 ets. | ¢ 894. g 919. 19 T6¢. ¢ 109 «| Por. | G Ors. | 9 Lo. | 9 SlI- | 9 960. | ¢ Tl0. | ¢ Sob. | Tt8. | F 9S... | F 719. 1% 68¢. F Foo. | FF Cah | CF L188. |B cog. | F OLI- | F $60. | F 800. | F 06. | § 888. | 8 691. 18 To. 18 98g. g Toe. | § 6IF {8 PSs | 8 Go. | 8 4ou | 8 060. | $ 900- | § L116. | & Ges. | Sb 0g2. & 899. 16 €e¢. é S6F |B OTF. é Tgs8- 1 & OF. |S TOL 16 S80. | & $00; | & 16 | Tt | cee | T LeL. | 1 soo. |T | 08% | T | 96F | L | Sth IT 628. | T or | T cot. | 80. | T | 000 | T ‘owly | 'Aep} cowry | *Aep| ‘ova | ep | ‘owry bb "OULT [dup owry | Up | vowsy | Avp| ‘oway |*Aup| covay | Aup| ‘ovay | -Aup| ‘ow j- SEAS eres 22 3°60 36°45 26°48 8°59 Means ............ § 21 57°53 | 8 23 36°82" 1 40 25:16 | 1 42 9-217 Computed ......... (821 14, | 8 22 59 14028 14211 * Without Wright, 40°65. Report on Transit or Mercury. ; Observed at Sydney, November 8th, 1881, by H. C. Russell, Government Astronomer. At Sy dney the morning was very fine and seemed to promise good definition for the transit, but the first glance through the conditions existed at Katoomba and Bathurst. At ingress I was unable to use the large refractor because the time-ball tower nted me from seeing the sun at the time of ingress; I there- fore used the 7Hinch Merz refractor in the north dome, time was taken by having Poole mean-time chronometer so close to the ©yepiece that I could hear the ticks and see the dial directly I turned from the telescope. I was ready to obse: me : before the predicted time, and found the definition of the sun's limb very bad indeed, at Sh. 21m, 34-648, thought I saw first “entact, but had to wait ten seconds before I was sure; making 166 TRANSIT OF MERCURY. the time of external contact as observed by me with 7}ineh _ refractor and power 150, Sh. 21m. 44°64s, The circumstances were time taken was when I was certain internal contact was made; as the definition continued very bad it may be late. The sun being tower I used the 114-inch refractor with 6inch stop, and a polarizing eye-piece without coloured glass, magn fying powers from 100 to 200 were used, some having lenses; but though the planet was very carefully watched for halo, seen. During the forenoon from about 9 a.m. thin cuTus clouds were forming and steadily shutting out the sunlight but the optical illusion, caused by the vibration, which transposed rapidly on my retina the dark planet and bright sun. I did not see ‘was repeated several times in as many seconds, and then ceased, bs, and TRANSIT OF MERCURY. 167 using the splendid Schroeder refractor with polarizing eye-piece, so that the sunlight could be exactly adjusted to comfort, and varied at pleasure to try the effect of more or less light ; the air in spite of thin clouds was steadier, so that the conditions were favourable. At ingress it was not so; the definition was very bad, and I think made worse by the sun in the early morning before the building got warm setting up air currents in the dome. Reported times by Dr. H. G. A. Wright. Telescope used, 8}. “With Browning” reflector. Position, 2,300 south and 792 east from Sydney Observatory :— (5-inch aperture used.) Ingress— h, m. s. External contact ... Tagen The first indent on the sun’s limb was noticed at oe arl . Sh. 22m. 8-00 sec., and the planet moved steadily and clearly on 168 TRANSIT OF MERCURY. - towards internal contact, which was observed at 8h. 23 m, 43:00s, The observations were now continued with the 74 Merz equa- rial, stopped down to 6 inches, and a great unsteadiness was observable, attributed to the atmosphere. At 8h. 44m. the planet was about equi-distant with group of spots from limb of sun. At 8h, 49m. atmosphere unsteady, and continued unsteady. At 8h. 50m. an apparent halo round planet. At 9h. 6m. halo light clouds over sun. At 10h. 39m. definition not good. At 10h. 50m clear disc, halo not discernible. Towards egress the sky was covered with light clouds, rather thick over face of sun; and at lh. 10m. definition bad, with marginal indistinctness. At lh. 35m. definition improved. e first. contact at egress was at 1h. 40m. 2925s. _ There was, as stated above, no absolute certainty in the actual time, as the definition was not good and the wind high, causing vibrauion in telescope, but I am satisfied with the time given. ternal contact at egress occurred under same conditions, at Lh. 42m. 4-25, (1) Report from Law. Hargrave, double star observer. Telescope, a 4% equatorially mounted refractor, with clock-work and Jirst surface reflection solar eye-piece. Place, Katoomba. November 8, 1881. 6h. 45m. a.m., and 2h. 9m. p.m., compared chronometers with Sydney Observatory ; by telegraphed clock ticks weather all that could be wished. 8h. 22m. 0-66s. S.M.T., when I saw the . contact, definition very good. Mercury larger than I expected full aperture 43 inches, and the low power 100, with the aurke glass. When the planet was 3 on the sun the cusps were slignly rounded. This appearance did not last till the secon which was at 8h. 23m, 41:38s,, S.M.T.; definition very . ry clouds the s b, 20 ds over the sun at 8h. 43m., §.M.T. gr sith the i : tense e of Mercury. The blackness of Mercury 1s more”. a than that of a sun-spot. 9h. 53m., S.M.T., a small whirlwind carried the leayes up about 59 feet close to the 0 TRANSIT OF MERCURY. 169 10h. 40m., S.M.T., thin clouds passing ; tried the full aperture again with two coloured glasses ; exchanged for the darkest glass and 2-inch aperture, which is best. Large solar halo, 12h. 13m., $.M.T., took off the 2-inch stop ; clouds getting thicker ; the sun’s limb well defined. At 12h. 25m., 8.M.T., the white spot very persistent. lh. 35m., S.M.T., hazy and light clouds passing. lh. 40m. 10-40s., S.M.T, internal contact at egress, both limbs moderately well defined; cusps sharp. lh. 42m. 0.09s., 8.M.T., last contact. LAW. HARGRAVE, Extra Observer (Astronomical). Report from F. M. Bladen. Place, Katoomba. Weather. The weather in early morning was very clear and warm, Strips of cirro-stratus cloud flying on horizon east and west. Instrument. The instrument was a refractor by T. Cooke, of York, England. mounted equatorially, with clock motion. Fo ength, 5 feet ; aperture, 4} inches (stopped down to 2 inches) ; eye-piece solar, diagonal, power about 80, light blue tinted glass shade. : Ingress. Definition very good indeed ; sun’s limb being very clear and sharp, and sun spots and facule very distinct. First contact. First external contact took place at 8 hours 22 minutes 3:34 Seconds, Sydney mean time, when slight indent was visible, which in a second or two had become too marked to be mistaken. Definition of cusps. The outline of the planet as it crept on the sun was very clear and well defined—cusps sharp and distinct. Haze. This continued until the planet was about ? of its diameter on the sun, when a light cirrus cloud passed over, rendering the cusps very indistinct and tremulous. Estimated first internal contact. At 8 hours 23 minutes 24:64 seconds, Sydney mean time, I thought from the irregular shape of Mercury that internal con- tact would be complete, and that it would be visible but for bad definition and unsteaciness. =a First internal contact. Tt was not, however, until 8 hours 23 minutes 42°84 seconds, Sydney mean time, that a band of light was visible between 170 TRANSIT OF MERCURY. et and sun’s limb, and this from its breadth and the planet's — | rate of motion, could: doubtless have been seen with better defini- tion, two or three seconds earlier, if not more. Bisection. No sign whatever could be detected during ingress of that por- tion of Mercury which was off the sun’s disc, nor could any halo be seen at the cusps. Mercury on the sun Mercury, when on the sun, appeared a | perfect sphere, intensely black (more so than sun-spots), without any halo, haze or spots, the outline of planet being remarkably sharp. No companion visible. e definition for about an hour after the ingress was very good sidsaa but with the highest powers and different stops oD objective — noteworthy could be detected. Eygress,— Weather. Weather not so favourable ; sky covered with light cirrus clouds. Mercury still a clear well-defined disc on face of sun, but the sun’s limb unsteady and boiling. Second internal contact Second internal contact 1 hour 40 minutes 44:34 seconds, Sydney mean time. I waited before taking this time until I was quite sure contact was complete ; the boiling referred to above making it very difficult to decide. Second external contact. f The planet did not pass steadily off the sun, but in a yor be jumps of about half (4) a second in duration, which may °° ‘ lasted n to fifteen seconds, when I was qul e certain id trace of the slated was visible. I took the time, 1 hour se 23°64 seconds. * dis- — egress the sun’s limb was considerably more turbed and uncertain than at ingress Report from W. J. Conder, Chief of the Trigonometrical Branch of Survey Office. fs I have the hs to transmit the following bo of of a made y me, during the transit of Mercury, on Nov =, at the reper: near Bathurst, New So ‘Wales ial telescope used is a 43-inch refractor, by emp clock imag 5 feet 6 inches, Maeateatilly mounted, 8 d wi an motion ; this, however, was so irregular t t it "often <— necessary to drive the telesco scope by hand in the opine 6 aps ‘oat diagonal eye-piece with dark neutral shade, and Power eleseopl employed for the observation; and having tested the te" TRANSIT OF MERCURY. 171 appearance of the sun, with various sized stops on object-glass, I determined to use the whole aperture, definition being very good. Having the advantage of an electric chronograph, so that the beats of the Sydney Observatory standard sidereal clock were recorded on a tape side by side with the ticks of my chronometer only a short time before and after the phenomenon, errors in recorded times were practically eliminated. In the early morning the weather was particularly fine ; but, about the time of ingress, thin clouds commenced to spre read over the sky, which, however, did not cause any difficulty in the observation of the ingress, definition being then very good; at i lanet see me m ike shadow entering on the sun’s as like the umbra in an indentation I saw at ingress was occasioned in this way, or by planet. I waited until certain that it was really Mercury before “06nd the electric key, and the record thus made and reduced to mean time, is November 8th, a.m., 8° 22™ 5-005. Chik pichic mentally, after oe event, the distance between the cusps at the time recorded, I estimated this at 6 to 7-tenths of the in telescope was slightly touched accidentally, causing vibrations which had sca scarcely ceased when the limbs of the planet and sun appeared to be tangential. This was recorded at 8h. 23m 39°75s. a.m. Sydney mean time. As I felt in some doubt ual] ATR until it became evident that Mercury was wholly projected on the sun’s I watched the planet at intervals during its transit, the definition most of the time being magnificent. The sun spots an d markings were very distinct, although thin fleecy clouds were spread over the whole of the sky, I failed to notice any peculiar appearances, oe perhaps a very faint suspicion of a halo or yellowish light unding the intensely black disc of the planet, and on a brighter than the general illumination of the sun’s s disc. to an optical illusion rather than a real “Jornal - arene ag 172 at the critical moment so as almost completely to hide the sun. My last view of Mercury was at lh. 40m: 9-2s. p.m. Sy mean time, very near to internal contact My eye, however, was unable to adjust itself readily to the large increment of light; so that, to my great disappointment, If to observe either phase of the egress. The position of our telescopes has been deduced from that of a fixed point in the trigonometrical survey, with which it has been connected by triangulation. ; e observatory used by Mr. Brooks at the same time Was 86} links north and 30 links west from the one referred to in this report. Positions of the stations near Bathurst, used for the transit of Mercury by Messrs. Conder and Brooks :— Latitude. sepen Mr. Conder’s station ............... 33-25-45°5 UW gee Mr. Brook’s station . 33-25-44-9 149-33-4 Report from J. Brooks, F.R.G.S., Trigonometrical Survey I have the honor to forward herewith report on the transit ereury as observed by me at Bathurst on the 8th instant. Telescope. tn. aper- Telescope used was by Troughton and Simms, of 3jin. lighter ture, stopped down to 3-in. ; eye-piece for ingress 110 ot by -of the two coloured shades; the sun’s light being reflecté Definition. : With a view to testing the definition I went to the pag about an hour before ingress. Day was clear, except Hd ese fleecy clouds to.west and north-west, with hardly any va ally is light drift from south. A group of sun-spots, lying g°? locality direction of sun’s centre, very happily marked about mre * The longitude of Sydney Observatory used for the Trig Survey is 10h. 4m. 50-Sis, ‘ * TRANSIT OF MERCURY. 173 of expected ingress. A little north of sun’s equator were two clusters of sun-spots, the northern one seemingly consisting of 10 or 11 spots, the other of one large spot with two smaller com- panions. The large spot near the sun’s centre very clear, the nucleus being divided (by a forked line) into three pieces. The whole of the sun’s surface had a faint mottled appearance, Turn- ing my attention to the cluster near point of ingress I noticed the facule at times very distinctly. About three or four minutes before first external contact thin cirro-cumulus clouds covered the sky. Ingress, cee contact. At 8h. 22m. 3°60s. I firs ught sight of the planet, which quite decidedly notched ein sun’s limb before I was certain that it was the expected object. On reflection I think about y5 of the planet's dise must have been on the sun’s at the time. The disc remained circular throughout, except that at wont secre at ingress it seemed to draw out slig ghtly as if unwi ea sonia limb, leaving in my mind a faint suspicion of “the “ black Ps Ingress, last contact. At 8h. 23m. 36°45s. I caught first indication of a white line Separating the sun and planet's s discs. minutes later there appeared to be a whitish spot on 8.P. 2, Egress, first contact. At lh. 40m. 26-48s. first internal contact at egress was made, without any indication whatever of black drop. Egress, last contact. At 1h. 42m. 8°59s. I saw = last contact. Owing to passin clouds dimming sun’s dise, there may be an uncertainty of (say ) one second in first, and, about as in last contact at egress. Chronometer Chronometer was compared Sndlivectly with Sydney by chro- nograph, and I am indebted to Mr. F. F. Furber for efficient manner in which he noted the times of my signals. 175 On the Inorganic Constituents of some Epiphytic Ferns. By W. A. Drxon, F.L.C., F.C.S., Lecturer on Chemistry at the Technical College, School of Arts, Sydney. [Read before the Royal Society of N.S.W., 3 August, 1881.] As it appeared probable that some interesting information might be obtained from an examination of the ash of plants growing in such positions as to have earned for themselves the reputation of living upon air, and as the subject as far as I am aware has not ver, and also a specimen of the second from near Newcastle. With those being made. It gave 5:35 per cent. of crude ash on the dried plant. Although these ferns could perhaps have been proc nearer at hand, it was thought preferable to get them from their native haunts in the brushes of the rivers, as anywhere in the neighbourhood of Sydney they would be sure to be contaminated with the dust with which the air is often plentifully laden. Along and bark of of the carbon, except on the immediate surface, was consumed, eaving a very clean ash, even when the bottom of the dish did not appear red by daylight. The surface portion could then be skimmed off, as it were, and returned to the bottom of the basin with the next charge. ne Contrary to what might be anticipated from the mode of their growth, it will be observed that the amount of ash in the growing fronds is quite as high as in the leaves of most plants, and those of A. nidus are rather rich in inorganic matter. 176 ON THE INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS PLATYCERIUM GRANDE. This plant generally grows singly, and throws out at intervals of about six months large barren fronds or plates alternately to the right and left, which cling closely to the fronds which preceded them and to the tree to which it has attached itself at the bottom species of ant, and several beetles. Some of these probably bring nutriment to the plant from without. ] led into two portions for analysis—namely, live fronds, including both barren and fertile, and dead fronds and humus. Analysis of live fronds. Percentage of ash of the composition stated, 8-62. E : z : 88 Soda ... is a ae a i a Chloride of sodium... os mi ee eas? 2 ime ... ey ane re ... 21°99 Magnesia .., 5°58 Alumina .., ae 816 Ferric oxide ... ex 2°47 Manganese oxide (M304) 45 Phosphoric oxide... ie Sulphuric oxide 1-47 Soluble silica 354 99°82 Analysis of humus and roots. Percentage of ash of composition given, 3°21—2°02. Plakias ‘ ll Side ae ete es 2-26 3°61 Chloride of sodium ... 2-26 3°61 Lime .... es _ 26°63 42°52 Magnesia 2°26 3°61 Alumi 12°88 20 Ferric 1°83. 35 Ferrie oxide css Deere, 1°83 : ric oxide... ove ‘I : Sulphuric oxide she ee 10°10 Silica and silicates undecom- posed by acid oe ote OF SOME EPIPHYTIC FERNS. li7 burning, the humus emitted the characteristic odour of peat smoke. The second column gives the composition of the ash : “fe ike very fine white sand, which shows that some dust reaches even still of the scrubs. Wood and bark of the tree to which P. grande was attached. Percentage of ash of the composition given, 1-27. Analysis of ash. Potash 14°93 Chloride of potassium 8°09 Chloride of — Lime ee pss 39°91 Magnesia wee bag es w+ 23°84 Ferric oxide .. ste oe see w= =—:146 Man anganese oxi S3 ie sk ... traces ne si oxide ... oe “Ks dics a ee Sulphuric oxide... set wi ... traces Solu ‘ble sities = ive ots «i, eee 100-06 — much larger. They grow either on projecting rocks or attached —— stems of Casuarinas or other trees which do not shed their oe Aderholdt. Ann. d. Chem. u. Pharm., Ixxxii, 111 (1852). Church, Chem. N, J. Pr. Chem. xl, 302, Sol teat ag sony a ese gn eee xl, 178 ON THE INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS Analysis of live fronds. Percentage of ash of composition given, 4°51. 20°51 Soda ... vie ee ae ae se Te Chloride of sodium... ws ys Drie 315) Lime ... an ae es Sei ito te Magnesia... ve se ee woe LETT Alumina ee ty 10°51 Ferric oxide ... e eee ‘a Sess or Manganese oxide (M30,) ... oe et ae Phosphoric oxide ... sae wie 3°13 Sulphuric oxide... oe iad ae Soluble silica fae a we Bie 99°73 Analysis of dead fronds and humus. Percentage of ash of the composition stated, 19-22—2'14. Potash ... ea eas ee ces ae Alkaline chlorides... re 71 6-00 dae. are io ai 24°17 Magnesia 63 5°32 lumina ge 21°98 Ween Gadd nas ee ee 19°69 Ph ph ie oxid : *92 t4k Sulphuric oxide 1°78 15°07 Sand and silica S835). eee sand in the humus mass. This sand consisted almos} ointt small angular fragments of white quartz. The gens were made on plants which grew on a Casuarina about three-quarters of a mile west of the Lisanti mre these smelting Works at Newcastle. As the copper poe oxide of ce y th . still alive and apparently healthy. The plants were OF od into live fronds (including barren and fertile), wither which fronds, and humus, as there was enough for this separatl was not the case with the others. OF SOME EPIPHYTIC FERNS. 179 Analysis of live fronds. Percentage of ash of the composition stated, 4°74. Potash re: Bre ao Fes .. 40°48 Chloride of sodium... ae aie <<, Ae ei ser ous ner ge ae - agnesia ... Be ive sve Sie ee Alumina : ie ee F oxide 68 Phosphoric oxide ‘ 4°75 Sulphuric oxide... wis he ee ee le silica “as ee dee en 93 99°71 Analysis of withered fronds. Percentage of ash of composition given, 1°73—1-21. - Potash i be 2°95 Chloride of potassium Oe 13°71 Chloride of sodium ... . 33s 5°64 Lime ... ee 17°01 23 Magnesia 4°21 7°07 Alumina , “ 12°95 4 i & 4 erric oxide ... oe ee eae 4°74 Oxide of copper ve pee ORT as Phosphoric oxide _.... jeter 5°38 Sulphuric oxide ee ‘ 6°11 10°25 Sand ... oe SETS es 99°79 100-00 In the second column both the sand and the oxide of copper have been removed as accidental ingredients, the analysis of the live fronds not showing a trace of the latter. The withered fronds were generally four or five plies thick, above or outside the humus and the sand and copper were doubtlessly lodged between these plies, which were not separated, and although the relative amount of copper is large, it will be noticed that from the small percentage of ash the actual amount is very small. Analysis of humus mass. Percentage of ash of composition stated, 2°64—1-91. P ws 5 A er ree 5°28 751 Chloride of sodium ... PE ana af i 8 9°64 Lime ... oe aw ee OE 39°89 Magnesia 5°82 Alumina 9°42 13°41 Ferrie oxid 325 Oxide of copper ise Phosphoric oxide... 3°10 441 Sulphuri a ae Sand te ee 30 - ON THE INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS From the locality occupied by these plants, and the actual — curr f copper in their ashes, one would almost naturally — conclude that they would contain a very considerable proportion sulphuric oxide, but the analyses show that they actually contain less than those of the same species from the Clarence. Casuarina wood and bark. Percentage of ash of composition given, 2-03. Analysis of Ash. Potash = ag we mg! Soda ... waa sx ae ji Se Chloride of sodium... — oe ae Lime ... ae Eve ve ee see rae Magnesia... = = ae epee) Se Magnesia oxide(M;Os) .- 1 Mpiiciic . .. . oo ee Sulphuric oxide... sk si ... traces Soluble silica = is ¢ 3 ae : 100°39 The tree from which the ash analysis is given above was not the actual one upon which the ferns grew, but was of the same species (C. padulosa) from a different locality. have arrived at maturity, and as the fronds die their bases and the leaves between them are cemented into a humus mass by rootlets. e ash of the live fronds of the specimen examined retained the shape and markings of the fronds when allowed to burn gently and without disturbance. Analysis of live fronds. Percentage of ash of composition given, 12°35. Potash oe ae pA Chloride of potassium ae Chloride of sodium... oo ime ... uy « 3 esia ab it Ferric oxide "spaces Manganese eS Phosphoric oxide eo Sulphuric oxide ... «. “7 ae Soluble silica = vee oe reas 99°56 OF SOME EPIPHYTIC FERNS. 181 Analysis of humus mass. Percentage of ash of composition given, 7°23 2-76 Obie Ba ee mee 10°53 Chloride of potassium - 169 4-48 Lime ... pie” coke es” 48°47 Sie eS ae 8-92 Alumina pe ose .-. traces traces Ferric oxide ... mi ~ =e 799 Phosphoric oxide... ewe 1031 Sulphuric oxide Bis ac eee 9°10 Sand ... dvs sts CIS. + ea Analysis of wood and bark of tree on which A. nidus grew. Percentage of ash of composition given, 1-31. Potash ig eo wees ei bed awe 12 Chloride of potassium —_.... oe i oe Chloride of sodium... we - ... traces Lime ... ie vies 38°07 esia 3°93 Ferric oxide 151 Phosphoric oxide 9°57 Sulphuric oxide 3°75 Soluble silica 17°07 99°95 obtain it di e quantities in the others we 37°31, P. alcicorne, 27-73 and 31°72, A. nidus, ey are all requiring considerable quantities | ly seen in the table at the end, where the principal inorganic iituents are calculated into parts in ten thousand of the dried 182 ON THE INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS plants, which shows that P. alcicorne growing upon rock is ve very deficient in potash and soda, and has extracted almost the whole of these salts from the humus mass and dead fronds, and has made from the humus. Pe 183 seen enn eneeees e ounydng see eeeeanneeeee a6 omoydsoyg esse alee esouRsue yy See eae e maemo enerenaee eprxo OLLIO eurUmnyy seteseneeeeesseneneeceees MRO TAT outry se eaeeenene uInIpos ae 6s stu eeeeee unisseyod jo spor yp bd xed] sues | oLet | re-8o | ST | GLBT | GE | BIT | OF-0G | LOBI 10-63 | 6o9F | 2S | 9-9 | 1816 | 29-91 | LET | LOb | €L6L Ls : u - s a a Po | tos G81 | FL01 | 8 | 699 | BE sLzr | 899 | 98¢ | 68-12 g es | 99.03 | 16-93 | 09-76 | ST-Le | GLb | ISTH | ¥€-0L BH 29.76 | 6628 | 8ST | 28 | 09-36 | SEIT | L990 | GGL | O1-8F 2 yg.eet | o-600 | GL-9L | 8c-re | 8-66 | SLID | 36-19 | 86-98 | 99-68T : | oLgor | 1mS8t | LL9 | SL-6F erro | OL =| 9GST B ogyr | cose | 29-91 “ae e _ 2 te a ia “| onzor | | 408 | 63L | 99-6 : s 90-62 | tere | ret | o96 | L8IGT | “ | 0986 | L8G | 10.266 - ier, | “Se |. sem | peek | “corr? | sumo | amy’ | mmm | gary” ie ic “ausoeqayD Mf “ouooiopD “ef lpaceae. Yyseqod + " Tae ‘squid perp o43 Jo szavd QOO‘OT UI syUeN4IYsUOO YueAEYTP JO SaILILNVAL) Sey errs ae aes Census of the Genera of Plants hitherto known as ndigenous to Australia. By Baron Ferp. von Muetier, K.C.M.G., M.D., Ph.D., ERS [Read before the Royal Society of N.S.W., 2 November, 1881.] Tue reasons for offering this generic list of Australian plants have been three-fold. In first instance it was to fill up a deficiency in publications, in which the genera and indeed also the natural orders, represented in the native vegetation of this part of the globe, were first established. Secondly,—this list was to carry on . literary originators of any ordinal or generic group of plants, insight into known forms, goes on even at the present day), the original formula of the order or genus may have become much changed. assigning generic limits e been conservative, because practical experience in systematising through four de has led me to perceive, how much e is 186 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. — h ype shall have become well known, finally to be no dispute ; whereas the circumscriptions of genera will ever to a large extent depend optionally on individual ideas of any particular systemati These views I have expressed publicly more than twenty years ago, and subsequent research has not led me to change them. In tracing the priority of each genus, I have checked the nota- tions as far as from 1700 to 1862 by the great nomenclator of Pfeiffer, a work of most extensive records, resulting from almost unexampled patience, displayed in excerpting from thousands of volumes of literary treasures in great centres of modern learning Bentham and Hooker’s grand ‘‘ Genera Plantarum,” aided largely in quoting from the literature of the last twenty years or Dicotyledoneae, Jackson’s Guide to the Literature of Botany, i Ited. Richter’s e * which carries to the present year, has also been consu Codex was a safe guide through all the writings of Linné. small but important volume of Fraas proved the surest clue to many of the plants of the most ancient authors. In dealing with the synonymy of the genera, it was not deemed necessary to do more than to give the bare name of those suppres geen not 8 corrections in the wording of genera, I hav have, a reason to change the original authorship of either, then I all events, avoided far-stretching pedantry. : It is not likely that very many genera will be added hee to the number of those recorded now as Australian, unless realms the classes of the lower eryptogams, and especially from the of microscopic organism. : per, 2» This census embraces 2,122 adopted genera, W hn applying views less conservative, might have be enough. No less than 300 authors from the time of the peer Greeks and Romans to our own era stand sponsors gee ap plants, represented in our part of the globe; thus rae for creating the science of the . gers wn of natural history are brought in close ©". mighty extended efforts of paleaiadioval ages, as well as with the al strides of the last century, which culminated, 80 far ing records are concerned, in the finishing sway secular epoch, ro CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 187 DICOTYLEDONEAE. Ray, Method. Plant. emend. 2 (1703). CHORIPETALEAE HYPOGYNAE. F. v. Mueller, native plants of Victoria I, 1 (1879). RANUNCULA A. L. de Jussieu, Rec. de PAcad. ue se. (1773) from B. de Jussieu (1759 Clematis, Linné, Gen. pl. 163 (1737), from PEeluse (1576). Anemone, Tou rnefort , Inst. rei herb. 275, t.. 147 (1700) from Hippoc ocrates, Theophrastos and Dioscor: ide s. Myosurus, Dillenius, Nov. pl. gen. a ‘t. 4 (1719) from Tabernae arth (1588). (Myosuros.) Ranunculus, Tournefort, ae 285, t. 149 (1700) from Bock earl Ruppius, Fl. jen., 119 (1718), from Bock (1552). ius.) NYMPHAEACEAE. Salisbury, in Koenig & Sims’ Ann. of Bot., II, 70 (1805). Cabomba, Aublet, Guian. I, 321, t. 124 (1775). (Brasenia, Hydropeltis .) Nymphaea, a a 260, t. 137-8 (1700) from Theo- phrastos and Dio es. Nelumbo, aT Teak 261 a (Nelumbium.) eo lg Jaume St. Hilaire, Expos. fam. II, 74, t. 83 a 84 (1805). Drimys, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 83, t. 42 (1776). (Tasmania. ) ANONA A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. ame 283 (1789) from ‘ e Jussieu (1759). Uvaria, Linn Linné, Amoen. acad. 404 (1747). Fitz, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. phytogr. Austr., IV, 33 (1863). ae Rumphius, herb, Amboin., II, 193, t. 65 (1741). Ancana, F, y, Mueller, Fragm. phytogr. Austr., V, 27 (1865). 188 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, — Polyalthia, Blume, Fl. Jav. Anon., 68 (1829). Popowia, Endlicher, = 831 (1839). Melodorum, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. I, 351 (1790). MoNIMIEAE. A. L. de Jussieu in Ann. du Mus, XIV, 30 (1809). Doryphora, Endlicher, Gen. 315 (1837). ee Labillarditre, Nov. Holl. pl. specim. I, 746 224 (180 Da Siena Bentham, Fl. Austr. V, ae pre, Mollinodia, Ruiz. ¢ Pavon, fl. Peru Brod, 88,¢ 18 a). Hetyairya: R. et G. Forster, Char. gen., 127, t. 64 (1776). Palmeria, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. phytogr. Austr. TV, 151 (1864). Piptocalyx, Oliver in Benth, Fl. Austr. V., 292 (1870). MyRisTIcEAE. | R. Brown, Prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. L, 399 (1810). Mpyristica, Linné, Gen. ed II, 524 (1742). URACEAE. Ventenat, Tabl. II., 245 (1799). Cryptocarya, R. Brow own, — I., 402 (1810). er ryodap st Beilschmiedia, Nees in Wall. pl. Asiat. rar. 69 ( (Nesodaphne. Endiandra, R. Stele: Prodr. I, oe Coe Cinnamomum, Burman, Fl. Zeil. 62 (1737). Cyli- Lites, ——- Diction. LL B74 (1789). (Tetranthera, © . = hne, Li saea. 53). aay a, " Osbock j in Linné, Spec. pl. I, 35 (17 Hernandia, Plumier, nov. pl ‘Amer. Gen. 6, t. 40 (1703). MENISPERMEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. pl. 284 (1789). vil Tinospora, Miers in Ann, and Mag. of nat. hist., second ser. "7 35 (18% Faweettia, F. v. Mueller, Frag. X, 93 (1 1877). Bauhin aoe be" Candolle, syst. I, 515 (ste) from ©. 23). (Pericampylus rtly, Legneph : Tristichocalyx, F. vy. Mineller Pragm _ IV, 27 11863). vil, ypserpa, Miers in Ann. and Mag of nat. hist, 2nd se ss 36 (1851). (Selwynia.) : CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 189 Sarcopetalum, F. v. Mueller, Pl. of Vict. I, 26 Suppl. pl. II (1860). Leichhardtia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. phyt. ricem X, 67 (1876). phania, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. iL 608 (179 Pleogyne, Miers in Ann. and Mag. of nat. ong 2nd ser. VII, 37 (1851). (Microclisia. ) v. Mueller, Fragm. phyt. Austr. IX, 84 (1875). Adeliopis, Nadeem, et J. Hooker, Gen. pl. I, 436 (1862). PAPAVERACEAE. A. L, de Jussieu, Gen. pl. 235 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Papaver, Tournefort, Inst. 237, t. 119 (1700). (Perhaps im- migrated. ) CAPPARIDEAE. Ventenat, Tabl. IIT, 118 (1799). Se —— syst. nat. 9 (1735); Linné, Gen. pl. 200 (1737). 0 mite De Candolle Prodr. I, 237 (1824). (Perhaps ted. immigra: oeperia, F. v. Mueller, in Hooker’s Kew Mise. IX, 15 (1857). eck Emblingia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. pac fe Austr. IT, 2 (1860). Cadaba, Forskael, FI. Aeg. Arab. 67 (1775). Capparis, Tournefort, Inst., 261, t. 139 (1700). a Busb bequea) Theophrastos, Dioscorides and Apophyllum, F. vy. Mueller in Hooker’s Kew Mise. TX, 307 (1857). . CRUCIFERAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 237 (1789) from B. de Jussiew (1759). Nasturtium, R. Brown in Aiton. hort. Kewen. IV, 110 (1812), ™m Linné, syst. ts 9 (1735). Barbaraea, Beckmann, Lex. bot. 33 (1801). — rea.) (65 fore Gen. pl. 198 (1737). (Turritis) from Dalechamps_ Cardamine, Tournefort, Inst. 224, t. 109 (1700) from I’Ecluse (1576). Alyssum Tournefort, instit. 217 (1700) from l’Ecluse (1576). (Meniocus Alysso — Bille enius, Nov. gen. 122 (1719). Sian immigrated.) serena Linné, Gen pl. 198 (1737). (Blennodia) from naemontanus (1590 re R. Brown in De Cand. Mém. du Mus. VIL, 239 ~ 190 _CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, us, Drummond and Harvey in Hook. Kew Mise. VU, 52 (1855). Menkea, Lehmann, Ind. sem. hort. Hamb. 8 (1843 Capsella, Medicus, Pflanzengatt. I, 85 (1792). (Hutchinsia partly, Thlaspi partly, Microlepidium. Senebiera, De Candolle, Mém. soc. d’ hist. nat. Par. I, 140 (1799). Lepidium, Tournefort, Inst. O15, t. 103 (1700). _ (lens part Lepia, Monoploca ) from Dioscorides and Plini Cakile, Tournefort, Coroll. 49 t. 483 (1703). VIOLACEAE. De Candolle, Fl. Francaise, IV, 801 (1805). Viola, Tournefort, Inst. 419, t. 236 (1700) from Plinius. Hybanthus, Jacquin, Stirp. Amer. hist. 77, t. 75 (1763) onidium, Pigea, Vlamingia.) Hymenanthera, R. Brown in Tuck. Cong. 442 (1818). FLACOURTIEAE. Richard, in Mém. du Mus. I, 366 (1815). Cochlospermum, Kunth, Diss. Malv. 6 (1822). Scolopia, Schreber, Gen. I, 335 (1789). (Phoberos.) Xylosma, G. Forster, florul. ins. Austr. Prodr. 380 (1786). Streptothamnus, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. III, 28 (1862). SAMYDACE J. Gaertner, de Fruct. TIL 238 (1805). Casearia, N. J. Jacquin, select. stirp. Amer. hist. 132, t. 85 fe Homalium ,N. J. Jacquin, sel. stirp. Amer. hist. 170, t. 1 (1763). (Black wellia.) PrrTosPOREAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. IT, App. 542 (1814). Pittosporum, Banks in Gaertner de Fruct. I, 286 (1788). 77 Hymenosporum, R. Brown in F. v. Mueller, Fragm. (1860). Bursaria, Cavanilles, Icon. IV, 30, t. 350 (1797). ‘Marianthus, Huegel Enum. pl. austro-oce. ae $37). (Oncosporum, Rhytidosporum, Calopetalum 585 Citriobatus, Cunningham in Loudon, Hort. Brit. Suppl L (183 2), tanto’. “ Billardiera, Smith, Specim. of Bot. of New Holl. I, 1 (1793) (Pronaya. i Sollya, Lindley, Bot. Regist. XVII, t. en i Ce Je la Coquille Cheiranthera, reat in Brogn. Bot. du voy- t 77 (1829 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 191 DROSERACEAE. Salisbury, Parad. Lond., 95 (1809). Aldrovanda, Monti Act. Bonon, II 3, 404 (1747). ra, Linne, Gen. pl. 89 (1737). (Sondera.) Byblis, Salisbury, Paradis. Lond. t. 95 (1808). ELATINEAE. Cambessedes in Mém. du Mus. XVIII, 225 (1829). Elatine, Linné, Gen. pl. 118 (1737). Bergia, Linné, Mant. IT, 152 (1771). HYPERICEAE. Jaume St. Hilaire, Expos. fam. II, 23, t. 75 (1805). Hypericum, Tournefort, Inst. 254, t. 131 (1700), from Dioscorides and Plinius. GUTTIFERAE. A. L. de Jussieu Gen. 243 (1789). Calophyllum, Linné, gen. 154 (1737). PoLYGALEAE. A. L. de Jussieu in Ann. du Mus. XIV, 386 (1809). Salomonia, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. I, 14 (1790)., : Polygala, Tournefort, Inst. 174, t. 79 (1700) from Dioscorides and Plinius. Comesperma, Labillarditre, Nov. Holl. pl. sp. II, 21 (1806). Xanthophyllum, Roxburgh, Pl. Corom. II, 81, t. 284 (1819). 'TREMANDREAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. II. App. 544 (1814). Platytheca, Steetz in Lehm. pl. Preiss. I, 220 (1845). : Tetratheca, Smith, Specim. of the Bot. of N. Holl. I, t. 2 (1793). Tremandra, R. Brown in Flind. voy. II, App. 544 (1814). MELIACEAE. Ventenat, Tabl. III, 159 (1799). Hedraianthera, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 58 (1865). raea, Linné, Mantiss. II, 150 (1771). Melia, Linné, Gen. pl. 127 (1737). Dysoxylum, Blume, Bijdrag. 172 (1825). (Dysoxylon, Epicharis, Harti Amoora, Roxburgh, pl. Corom. III, 54, t. 258 (1819). Synoum, A. de Jussieu in Mém. Mus. XIX, 226, t. 15 (1830). 192 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, — Owenia, F. v. Mueller in Hook. Kew misc. IX, 303 (1857). _ Aglaia, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. I. 17 a (1790), non Allomeisd . (1770). (Milnea, Nemedra). ? Hearnia, ¥. v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 55 (1865). Carapa, ‘Aublet, Hist. des pl. de la Guian. II. Suppl. 32 t. 387 (1775). (Xylocarpu s.) Cedrela, P. Browne, Nat. hist. of Jamaica, 158 (175 6). Flindersia, R. Brown in Flind. voy. IL. App., 595 (1814). (Osiors, Strzeleckia.) OcCHNACEAE. De Candolle in Ann. du Mus. XVII, 398 (1812). Brackenridgea, Asa Gray, Bot. Wilk. Unit. Stat. Expl. exp. 36], t. 42 (1854). RUTACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 296 (1789). Zieria, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 216 Bebe: Boronia, Smith, Tracts. relat. to Nat. Hist. 285 (17 98). . Eriostemon, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 221 (1798). (Crowea, Phebalium, Asterolasia, Microcybe, Geleznowia, ree : Sandfordia, Actinosti Philotheca, Rudge in Transact. Linn, ae XI. 298, t. 21 (1815). (Drummondita i). - Correa, —_ in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV. 219 (1798). (Didymeri Nassctepix Turezaninow in Bull. de la Soc. imp. des Nat. de Mose. 158 (1852). ; 158 (1852). ee a eo oe 17 (1837). Diplolaena, R. Brown in Flinder’s voy. a 546 (1814) Bosistoa, F. v. Mueller in Bentham’s Fl. Austr 4 pe: 9 (8m Acradenia, Kippist in transact. Ties Soc., 1855). Euodia, R. & G. Forster, Char. Gen., 13, t. 7 ae v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 4 Sp Mueller, Fragm. V, 178 (18 Boachindatia: Baillon in Andans. "VIL, 350 5 (1867). 37 Xanthoxylum, Po onee Se in Linné hort. Oliffort, 487 (1737). 7. Blackbournia.) ijera, Schott, Rutac. 4, & oe (1834). (C Coatesia.) Pleiococea, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. LX, 117 (1875). _ CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 193 Acronychia, R. & G. Forster, Char. gen. 53 (1776). Halfordia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 43 (1865). Glycosmis, Correa in Ann. du. Mus. VI, 384 (1805). Micromelum, Blume, Bijdr., 137 (1825 ). urraya, Koenig in "Linné mantissa altera, 563 (1771). 1767.) = usena, ening pte cory oe 29 et index (1768). Atalantia, Correa us. VI, 383 (1805). Citrus, Linné, Gen, : 230 30 (1731) £ from Piinius: Pentaceras, J. Hooker in B. & J. H. Gen. I, 298 (1862). SIMARUBEAE. De Candolle in Ann. du Mus. VII, 323 (1811). (Ataris Desfontaines in Act. Acad. Paris, 265 (1786). Braces, J.8. Miller, _ es 25 (1780). Hyptiandra, J. Hooker in B. & J. H. Gen, T, 294 (1862). Cadellia, F. v. Mueller, pares II, 25 (1860). aie Plumier, Gen. 37, t. 40 (1708) Harriso: R. Brow. wn in Mém. du Mus. XII, 517 (1825), (Ebelingia. Ps ZYGOPHYLLEAE, 2 R. Brown in Flind. voy. II, App. 3, 545 (1814). Nitraria, Linné, Syst. ed. X, 1044 (1759). Zygophyllum, Linné, syst. nat. 8 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. 126 (1737). Tribulus, de PObel, Icon. II, 84 (1581). (Tribulopsis.) From Theophrastos, Dioscorides and Plini Hugonia, am, Gen. 134 (173 7), . Browne hist. Jamaic. 278 (1756). GERANIACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 268 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). —— Toumefort, Inst. 266, t. 142 (1700) from Dioscorides Erodium, L’Héritier, Geraniol. t 1-6 (1781), Pelargoni > um, L’Heritie r, Geraniol. t. 7 (1787). Oxalis, = Gen, 134 (1737) from Plinius. 194 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. MALVACEAE. Adanson in Mém. Ac. Par. p. 224 (1761), from B. de Jussieu (1759). | Lavatera, Tournefort in Act. Ac. Par. 80, t. 3 (1706). Malvastrum, Asa Gray in Mém. Am. Ac. TV, 21 (1849). (Malva partly.) Plagianthus, R. & G. Forster, Char. Gen. 85, t. 43 (1776). (Asterotrichon, Blepharanthemum, Lawrenc ine eee us). Sida, Linné, Gen. 205 (1737) from Theophrasto Abutilon, Tournefort, Inst. 99, t. 25 (1700) ‘Seal Camerarius 1586). Urena, Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 430, t. a pe: 32). Pavonia, Cavanilles, Diss. II. App. II. (1786). (Greevesia. Howittia, F. v. Mueller in Trans. Vict. Inst. I, 116 (1855). Hibiscus, Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735); — Gen. 207 (1737). (Fugosia partly, ee rma ty Pariti Lagunaria, G. Don, Gen. syst. I, 485 “(18 31). Thespesia, Solan see r in Ann. ae Mus . LX, 290 (1807). Gossypium, Linné, Gen. 206 (1737) from J. Camerarius (1586). ugosia partly, Sturtia. p DEN ang Masters in J. Hook, Icon. XII, t. 18 (1876). Bombax, Linné, Spec. I, 511 (1753). STERCULIACEA Ventenat, jard. de la a II, 91 (so), Sterculia, Linné, Fl. Zeyl. 166 (1747). Brachychiton, Schott and Endlicher, Melet. bot. 34 (1832). (Trichosiphon, Poecilodermis, Delabechea Tarrietia, Blume, Bijdr. 5, 227 (1825). (Argyrodendro n.) Heritiera, Dryander in Ait. Hort. Kew, III, 546 (1789). eria, Schott et Endlicher, Melet. or (1883 2). Helicteres, Plukenet, phytogr. 181 t. 245 (1692). ae Methorium, Schott et Endlicher, eae 29-30 (1832). I Melhania, Fo rskael, Fl. Aeg. Arab. 64 (1 775). ‘ eer Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 221 (1732). (Riedle Meseiatata , Tournefort, inst. 656, t. 432 (1700). (Gilesia, Mahernia a partly). 1X, 302 (1857): Dicarpidium, F. v. Mueller in Hook. Kew Mise. Waltheria, Linné Gen. 203 (1737). Abroma, Jacquin, Hort. Vindob. IIL, t. : a a Commerconia, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 43 (1776 a. Ruclingia, Achil leopsis. annafordia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IL. 9 (1860). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 195 eringia, Sprengel, Anleit. IL, 694 (1818). Keraudrenia. ) thomasia, J. Gay, Dissert 20 (1821). Leucothamnus, Rhynchostemon.) nara J. Gay in Mém. du Mus. VII, 448 (1821). 4asiopetalum, Smith in eran Linn. Soc. 216 (1798). Corethrostylis, Asterochito uysiosepalum, F. v. Madiin Fragm. I, 143 (1859). SOR PEDPRE TIL A. L. de Selecas ae 289 (1789). Berrya, Roxburgh, Pl. Corom, ITI, 60, t. 264 (1819). Grewia, Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735) ; inne Gen. 276 (1737). Tibenifita, Plumier, Nov. gen. 40, +. 8 (1703). Nettoa, Baillon in Adansonia Vi, 238 pl. VII (1866). Corchorus, Tournefort » Inst. 259, t. 185 (1700). ie. Linné, Hort. Cliff 210 (1 737). ocarpus. qa L’ Heritier, Stirp. IT, 21, t. 16 (1784). (Hee, J. Burman, thesaur. Zeylan. 39, t. 40 (1737). 8.) EUPHORBIACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen, 384 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Calyeopeplus, Planchon, in Bull. de Ja Soc. Bot. VILL, 31 (1861). Euphorbia, Linné, Gen. 152 (1737) from Plinius. ‘onotaxis, Brogniart in Duperr. voy. Bot. 223, t. 49 (1829). (Hip ndra. Poranthera, Rudge in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 302, t. 22 (1811). (Carantheam, Desfontaines in Mém. du Mus. IV, 253 (1818). Pseudanth 25 (1897 (ibachistennc — in Sprengel, Syst. Cur. post. 25 (1827). javeria, Miquel in Ann. des sciene, nat, trois. sér. I, 350 (1844). (Calyptrostigma, Beyeriopsis.) Risin Panhts Desfontaines in Mém. du Mus, TH, 459 (1817). Bertya, Pi Planchon in Hooker’s Lond. Jour. of ag IV, 472 (1845). Amperea, de Jussieu, Euphorb. 35, t. 10 (1 824). Linné, Fl. Zeyl, 169 (1747). Andrachne, Linné, 35); Linné, Gen. 287 (1737). Actephila, | Blume, Bide. S81 (828): Baill. Adans. VII, 356 (1867). Petalostigms Fr. v. ga io Slecileia teen. Mae. IX, 17 (1857). (Hylococcus.} 196 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Phyllanthus, Linné, Gen. 282 oe = 37) from J. Commelyn es: oe Glochidion, Bra a, R. et G. Painter, Chex. eet 145, t. 73 (1776). (Meanthass, Melanthesiopsis. ) Securinega, A. L de J Sioa: Gen. 388 (1789). ggea. ) Neoroepera, F. et J. Mueller, in De Cand. Prodr. XV, 489 (1866). Bischoffia, Blume, Bijdr. 116 8 (1825. Hemicyclia Wight and Arnott, in Edinburgh phil, journ, XIV, 297 (1833). Bridelia, Willdenow, Spec. IV, 978 (1805). Cleistantirus, J. Hooker, Tones pl. t. 779 (1847). Croton, Linné, Gen. 288 (1737). Aleurites, R. et Forster, Char. gen. 111, t. 56 (1776). Claoxylon, Royen in Adr. de Ju ussieu, Euphorb 43, t. 14 (1824). Acalypha, Linné, Hort. Cliff. IX, 495 (1737). Adriana, —— in Ann. des. sc. nat. V., 223 (1825). (Trachyearyon.) Alchornea, ‘Solider i in Swartz, Prodr. 6.98 (1788). (Coelebogyne. Tragia, Plumier, Gen. 14, t. 12 (17 Mallotus, Loureiro, FI. Co chinch. o tas (1790). (Echinus, Rottlera.) Macaranga, Petit Thouars, Gen. Madag. n. 88 (1809). ppa. Codiaeum, Rumphius, herb. Amboin. IV, 65, = 25 (1743). (Carum bitin, Wartmannia. ) Sebastiania, Sprengel, Neue vo ued II, 118 (1821). oo Elachocroton. ) Excaecaria, Linné, Syst. ed X., 1288 (1759). URTICACEAE. Ventenat, Tabl. III, 524 (17 99). Celtis, Tournefort, Inst. 612, t. 383 (1700) ; from Camerarins 158 (Solenosti gma.) 1583). Ulmus, Tournefort, cae “601, t. 372 (1700); from Pere Trema, Lour ureiro, FL. “< hinch. II, 562 sone wie X, 265 188) Aphananthe, Planchon in Ann. des. se. nat. t Ficus, Tournefort, Tak 662 (1700) from Plininw (Urostigma, Covellia.) yrit, 122 (1847) Cudrania, Trécul in Ann. des. sc. nat. trois. * 1810). Antiaris, Leschenault in Ann. du Mus. XV be Fatoua, Gaudichaud in Freye. voy. Bot. 509 82 ) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. - 197 Elatostemma, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 105, t. 53 (1776). is, Commercon in Jussieu niger 403 (17 Amer andra. ) arietaria, toumefory Inst. 509, t. 289 (1700) ; from C. Bauhin (1623). (Frei Australina, Gaudichaud i in ici voy. Bot. $3 eee Fleurya, Gaudichaud in Freyc. voy. Bot. 497 Urtica, Tournefort, Inst. 234, t. 308 (1700) ; ae Plinius. Lastati, Gandichaud in Freye. voy. Bot., 498 (1826). CUPULIFERAE. Richard, Anal. des fr, 32 et 92 (1808). sor Tournefort, Inst. 584, t. 351 (1700) from Camerarius 58 Balanops, Baillon, hist. des. pl. VI, 237 and 258 (1876). CASUARINEAE. Mirbel, in Ann. du Mus. XVI, 451 (1810). Casuarina, Rumphius, herb. Amboin. III, 87, t. 58 (1743). PIPERACEAE. Richard in Humb. , Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. gen. I 46 (1815). Piper, _ Gen. 333 (1737) from C. Bauhin (1623). Pe eperomia, "Ruiz et Pavon, Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. 8 (1794). PoposTEMONEAE. Richard in Humb. , Bonpl. et Kunth, Nov. gen. I, 246 (1815). Genus indeterminat tum, PENTHACEA ee eadsiiec 45 (1828). Nepenthes, Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. 373 (1737). ARISTOLOCHIEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Ann. du Mus. V. 221 (1804) APiatolochia, Tournefort, Inst. 162, t. 71 (1700) from Hippocrates eophrastos and Dioscorides 198 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, BALANOPHOREAE. Richard in Mém. du Mus. VIII, 404 et 429 (1822). Balanophora, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 99, t. 50 (1776). VINIFERAE. J. de St. Hilaire, Expos fam. II, 48, t. 79 (1805). Vitis, Tournefort, Inst. 613, t. 384 (1700) e Latinis. sus. Leea, Linné, Mant. 17 (1767). SAPINDACEAE. A. L. de. Jussieu, gen. 246 (1789). Cardiospermum, Linné, syst. a 8 (1735) ; Linné, gen. 17 (1737). Ganophyllum, Blume, Mus — I, 230 ( 1850). Atalaya, Blume, Rumphia iL, 186 (1847). 5 Sapeerc Sapindus partly.) Diploglottis, J. Hooker in B. et H. Gen. 395 (1862). A a ome Blume, Bijdr. 229 (1825). (Pancovia partly.) Castanospora, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IX, 92 (1875). Allophylus, Linné, Amoen acad. 398 (1 74 7). (Schmidelia. Cupania, Plumier, Gen. 45, t. 19 (1703). wi (Guioa, Ratonia, Aryteria, ’Blatostachys, Mischocarpus, Euphora partl y: (Bestar Linné, Mant. 18 (1767). juphoria partly, Alectryon, Spanoghea eng Mears es — Harpullia, Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. Wall. II, 441 (1826). Akania, J. r in B. et H. Gen. 409 (1862), Diplopeltis, Endlic her in Hueg. enum. 13 (1837) Dodonaea, Linné, Gen. 341 (17 37). (Empleurosma.) -<¢, Lh, Distichostemon, F. v. Mueller in Hook. Kew Miso “™ | Blepharocarya, F. v. Mueller, gee XI, 15 (1878) MALPIGHI : Ventenat, Tabl. itt. "131 (1799). Ryossopterys, Blume in Delessert: Ic. III, 21 os los Tristellateia, Petit-Thouars in Roemer. , Coll. 2 05 (1 Burs Kunth, i in Annal. pennant scienc. niga = aes a Garuga, Roxburgh, Pl. Corom. III, 5, t. 20 yeeros Rumphius, herb. Amboin LI, 145 (1741). So CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 199 ANACARDIACEAE. R. Brown in Tuckey’s Congo 431, (1818). Rhus, Tournefort, Inst. 611, t. 381 _ 00) from Hippocrates, Theophrastos, Dioscorides an Euroschinus, J. Hooker in B. et H. Gee: L 422 (1862). Rhodosphaeria, Engler, Bot. Jahrbiicher I, "493 (1881). Buchanania, Sprengel in Schrad. J te U, 234 (1800). Semecarpus, Linné, f., Suppl., 25 (1781). Spondias, Linné, Gen. 365 (1737). CELASTRINEAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. II, App. 554 (1814). oo Tournefort, instit. 717, t. 388 (1700) from Theo- : xymnosporia, Wight and ‘Arnott , Prodr. 159 (1834). veucocarpum, A. Richard, Sert. Astrol. 46 1834). (Denhamia, ucocarpon. Rissitiadron, J. F. Jacquin in Nov. Act. a I, 36 (1737). Cary am, Blume, Mus. bot. Lugd. I, 175 (1850 osperm ; Siphonodon, G Griffith, in Calcutta, Journ. IV, 150 (1843). Hippocratea, Linné. . Gen. 363 (1737). Salacia, Linné, Mant. IL, 159 (1771). STACKHOUSIEAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. I, App. 555 (1814). Stackhousia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 218 (1798). (Tripterococcus, Plokiostigma.) Macgrego oria, F. v. Wistar: Fragm. VIII, 160 (1874). FRANKENIACEAE. A. de St. Hilaire, Bull. soc philom. 22 (1815). Linné, Gen. 129 (1737). PLUMBAGINEAE. A. L. de. Jussieu, Gen. 22 (1789). eri Tournefort, Inst., bs t. 58 (1700). tice, Linné, Gen. 88 (173 Aci = - Brown, ‘Prodr. 426 (1810). 200 - CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. PoRTULACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 312 (1789). Portulaca, Tournefort, Inst. 236, t. 118 (1700) from l’Obel (1581). Claytonia, Gronovius in Linné, Gen. 339 (1737). (Calandrinasi alin num. Montia, Micheli, Nov. pl. gen. 17, t. 13 (1729). CARYOPHYLLEAE. Scopoli, Intr. 329 (1777), from B. de Jussieu (1759). ae Linné, Sp. plant. 421 (1753). a, Linné, syst. nat. 8 (1735); Linné, Gen. 118 (1737). ici Bartling, Relig. Haenk. IT, 13, t, 49 (1830). Saponaria, Linné, Gen. 130 (1737) tow Camerarius (1587). (Gypsophila. Spergularia, Persoon, ion pl. I, 504 (1805). (Lepigonum, Arenaria part Drymaria, Willdenow in tle et Schult. hae Me 406 (1819). . Polycarpon, Loeffling in Linné, Syst. ed. X, 8 Petersen Lamarck in Journ. Whist. nat. I, 8, t. 25 (1792). (Aylme Bobeaieitias: Linné, Gen. 130 (1737). (Mniarum.) SALSOLACE. Linné, Class. pl. 507 (1738). Rhagodia, R. Brown, Prodr. 408 (1810). Chenopodium, Tournefort, Inst. 506, t. 288 (1700). (Blitum, Ambri Dysphania, R. Brown, a 411 (1810 Atriplex, Tournefort, Inst. 506, t. 286 ( is 700) from l’Obel (1581). (Obione, Theleophyton. Enchylena, R. Brown, Prodr. 408 (1810) Kochia, Roth 3 in Schrad. Journ. Bot. I, 303 (1799). | (Maireana, Sclerochlamys,) | Disveaotins Endlicher, Nov. stirp. dec. 7 (1839). ; Bassia, Allioni, Mise. Taurin. IIL, 177, t. 4, £ 2 708) | (Chenoles, Sclerolens, Anisscantha, = opsilon, Ken | Dissocarpus, Eriochiton, Osteocarpum : 1 dpe, F. v. Mueller, Report on Plants of Babbage’s Exp - Eon es ne ee a i oes fee CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 201 - AMARANTACES. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 87 (1789). Polyenemum, Linné, Gen. ed. sec. 21 (1742). Hemichroa. ) uxolus, Rafinesque, Fl. Tell. 42 (1836). Amarantus, Dodoens, stirp. hist. pempt. 185 (1583). Ptilotus, R. Brown, Prodr. 415 (18 (Trichinium, Goniotriche, Hemisteirus, Arthrotrichum. ) Achyranthes, Linné, Gen. 34 (1737). Nysennthes. R. Brown, Prodr, 418 (18 ‘dant Forskael, Fl. Aigypt. aa 28 (1775). elan a Se Gen. 69 (1737). (Philox Deeringi 1. Bro wn, Prodr. 413 (1810). featiedce partly, Celosia partly, Lagrezia.) PHYTOLACCES. R. Brown, Narr. Exp. Cong. App. 454 (1818) Monococcus, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. I, 47 (1858). Didlyinothoca, J. Hooker in Lond. Journ. of Bot. VI, 278 (1847). (Cyclotheca.) Gyrostemon, Desfontaines i in Mém. du Mus. VI, 16, t. 6 (1820). onocarpus, Cunningham in Hook. Bot. Mise. s&s 244 (1830). (Hymenothoca.) ae in De Cand. Prodr. XIII, part. sec. 40 Cypselocarpus, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. VIII, 36 (1873). FICcoIDpEe. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 315 sed Mesem esembrianthemum, Breyn, Prodr. alt. 67 (1689). }secaeleg Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. 144 (1737). (Te pier fe 161 (1737). (Aizoum.) ae F. y. Mueller, Eso a Plants of Babbage’s Exped. 9 Sexovim, Linné, Syst. ed. X oS (1759). eya, N. L. Burman, Fl. Ind. 119, t. 31 (1768). i ema, Sauvage, Meth. ool 127 (1751). “peg E. von Mueller, Frag. X, 2 (187 6). Moll uegel, enumerat. 11 (1837). Gee” ied Gen. 336 (1737). f ] 2 } ( — 902 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. PoOLYGONACEZ. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 82 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Emex, Necker, Elem. Bot. II, 214 (1790). (Perhaps immi — grated. Rumex, Linné, Gen. 105 (1737) from Plinius Polygonum, VObel, stirp. hist. 228 (1576) from Dioscorides and Muehlenbeckia, Meisner, Gen. pl. vase. 316 (1840). NYCTAGINEE. A. L. Jussieu, Gen. 90 (1789). Boerhaavia, Vaillant, Serm. 50 (17 18). Pisonia, Plumier, Gen. 7+. 11 (1703). CHORIPETALEA PERIGYN &. F. v. Mueller in Woolls’s pl. of the neighb. of Sydney, 18 (1880). CoNNARACEX. R. Brown in Tuckey’s Narr. exp. Cong. App. 431 (1818). Rourea, Aublet, Hist. pl. Guian. I, 467 (1775). Tricholobus, Blume, Mus. bot. Lugd. I, 15, 237 (1850). LEGUMINOSE. Haller, Enum. stirp. Helv. II, 565 (1742). Jansonia, RS oct in Gard. Chron. 19 (1847). a.) (Cryptose Brachysena, R. Brown in Ait. on fas Kew, ed. sec. IIT, _ (Leptosema, Kaleniczenkia, B ia.) Oxylobium, Andrews, Bot. ex. os 499 pe ’ Chorizematis subgenus, Callista ora: Podo Chorizema, a Voy. I — ae peg pis) 1, 16 Gastrolobium, R. Brown in aH . Kew, 1811). chm, Bentham in Huegel enum. pl. Austr. occid., 28 pe Smith in co and Sims, Ann. of bot. I, BIL {806 om Oxycladi 30 (1798) ogre ye Smith in in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 2 3 (1811): nia, R. Brown in Ait. hort. Kew ed. sec. III, Susi 1). Jason nia, R. Brown in Ait. hort. Kew ed. sec. II1, ptomeris. ) 509 Sphaerolobium, Smith in Koenig and Sims, —_ of Bot. L (1805). (Roea.) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 203 Viminaria, Smith in Koenig and Sims, Ann. of Bot. I, 507 1805). Daviesia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. TV, 222 (1798). Aotus, Smith in Koenig and Sims, Ann. of Bot. I, 504 (1805). Samy De Candolle, Prodr. II, 113 (1825). "see Smith, Specim. of —_ of New Holl. 35 (1793). (Euchilus, Spadostyles, Bartlingi: Latrobea, a in Lehm. - Sohal II, 219 (1847). Leptocytisu utaxia, R eer inn sits hort. Kew ed. sec. ITT, 16 (1811). Sclerothamnus. Smith in Koenig and Sims, Ann. of Bot. I, 510 (1805). Platylobium, Smith in Tranact. Linn. Soe. II, 350 (1794). (Cheilo- Bossiaea, Ventenat, Hort. Cels. I, 7, t. 7 (1800). (Lalage, ‘Scotia ia.) Templetonia, R. Brown in Ait. hort. Kew ed. sec. IV, 269 18 Hovea, R. rows in Ait. hort. Kew ed. sec. IV, 275 (1812). (Poiretia, Plagiolobium, Platychilum terry um, F. v. Mueller in Hooker’s Kew Misc. IX, 20 Coot, Salisbury, Parad. — t. 41 (1806). uieeen et oe cad. Lugd. Bat. 196-202, t. 197-203 —- (Pen: sik Rothia, Schreber, no a 53 (1791). (Westonia.) Trigonella, Linné, Gen. 351 (1737). a oe Inst. 402, t. 227 (1700), from Casp. Baubin 3 ae Scopoli, Introd. 308 (1777). Geib, R. Brown in Bot. Regist. t. 912 (1825). Clianthus, Banks and Solander in G. Don, Dichlam. pl. 468 (1832) ; ; indicative. (Donia. S Endlicher, Prodr. fi. Norfolk, 92 (1833). Gree sores Parad. Lond. t. 28 (1806). Oe Ta Tourneforé, Inst. 389, t. 210 (1700) from Dioscorides Plinius. (Clidanthera. ) 204 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Ormocarpum, Palisot, Fl. d’Owar. I, 95 t. 58 (1805). Aeschymomene, Linné, Gen. 350 (1837). Smithia, Aiton, Hort. Kew IIL, 469 (1789). Zornia, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 1076 1791). Desmodium, Desvaux, Journ. Bot. TIT, 122 (1813) Sige Pycnospora, R. Brown in Wight & Arnott, Prodr. L (197) 1834). Uraria, Desvaux, Journ. Bot. TIT, a 730), Lourea, Necker, Elem. Bot. III, 17 Glycine fare Gen. 349 (1737). (Leptele obium , Leptocyamus. Kennedya, Ventenat, jardin de Malmais. II, t. 104-106 (1804). (Caulinia, Moench, 1802, Hardenbergia, Physolobium, Zichya, Amphodus Erythrina, Thens Gen. 216 (1737). Strongylodon, Vogel i in Linnaea X, 585 (1836), Mucuna, Maregraf, Hist. — Brazil. 18 (1648). Galactia, P. Brow e, Civ. and Nat. hist. of Jamaica, 298 (1756). Canavalia, De Candolle, Prodr II, 403 (1825). (Canavali. Phaseolus, Tournefort, Inst. 412 , t. 232 (1700) from Dioscorides lla. 737). Dunbaria, Wight & Arnott, Prodr. I, 258 (1834). Cajanus, ~ Candolle, Catal. hort. Monsp. 85 (1818). (Cajan, tylosi eS at Louriay Fl. Se Foe 460 (1790). Eriosema, De Candolle, Prodr. II, 388 (1825). Flemingia, Roxburgh, Pl. Corom. an, 44 (1819). Abrus, Vesling de sik Aegypt, 2 5 (1 638). Dalbergia, Linné f, Suppl. 52 (1781). oa Lonchocarpus, Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Vi Ses 823), (1 ypterum Derris, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. II, 432 a 1790). (Brachy ) Pongamia, Lamarck, Tilustr. t. 603 (17 93). Sophora, Linné, Gen. 125 (1737 I, 2 (1835). Calpurnia, E. Meyer, Comm. pl. ‘Afr. t. 51 Castanospermum, Cunningham in Hooker's Bot. Mise. I, 241 : (1830). Barklya, F. vy. Mueller, Fragm. I, 109 (1859). J ina x | Caesalpina, ees Nov. Gen. 28, t. 9 (1703). (Gt ae Cesalpini 8 Mezoneuron, Desfontains { in Mém. du Mus. IV, 245 (181 be Pterolobium, R. Brown in Salt. Abyssin. 65 (1814 Peltophorum, Vogel in Linnaea XI, 406 (1837). ' CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO’ AUSTRALIA. 205 sag Tournefort, Inst. 619, t. 392 (1700) from Plumier (1693. Cathartocarpus. ) Petalostylis, R. Brown in Sturt’s exp. App. 79 Oise Labichea, Gaudichaud in De Candolle, Prodr. II, 507 (1825). Tamarindus, Tournefort, Inst. 660, t. "445 (1700) from C, Bauhin 1623). Ba i Plumier, nov. pl. Amer. Gen. 22, t. 13 (1703). Afzelia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 221 (1798). Cynometra, Linné in Act. Soc. Ups. 78 (174 Erythrophlaeum, Afzelius in Tuck. Cong. 430 (1818). (Labou- cheria. ) tada, Adanson, Fam. II, 318 (1763). Adenanthera, Royen in Linné, Coroll. 7 (1737). Neptunia, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. II, 653 (1790). (Dichros- tachys ys. Acacia, Tournefort, Inst. 605, t. 375 (1700) from Dioscorides and Plinius. (Vachellia, Chithonanthus, Tetracheilus, Mimosa partly.) Albizzia, Durazzini in Mag. Tose. II, part IV, 13 (1772). se ne Tithesclobium, Catarmion, Calliandra, Enterolobium, erian Avciidadion.. F. vy. Mueller, Fragm. VI, 201 (1868). RosaceEz. oe L. de Jussieu, Gen. 334 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Parinarium, A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 342 (1789). Stylobasiom, Desfontaines, Mem. du Mus. V. 37 (1819) (Macros- Geu m, Linné, Gen. 148 os 737) from Plinius (Sieversia). : Potentilla, Linné, Gen. 147 (1737) from Camerarius (1586). Rubus, Tournefort, Inst. 61D $ 385 (1700) from Plinius. Alchemilla, Linna, Gen. gt (1737) from ©. Bauhin (1623). (Alchimilia. Acaena, Mutis in Linn. Mant. II, 200 (1771). (Ancistrum.) SAXIFRAGEE. Ventenat, Tabl. ILI, 277 (1799). Argophyllum, R. & G. Forster, Char. gen. - t. 15 (1776). Abro py reed um, son Hooker in B. and H. n. I, 647 esis ema.) : : VI, 4 Quintinia, A. de Can a, olyosma, Blume, Bide, ‘13, 658 (1825). 206 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, Anopterus, Labillardiare, Nov. Holl. . specim. I, 86 (1 804). Callicoma, Andrews, Bot. reposit. t. 566 (1809). (Calycomis — partly. Anodopetalum Cunningham in Endl. gen. 818 ao an ——— Endlicher, Nov. Stirp. dec 4 (1839). (Platyptelia.) Ceratopetalum, Smith, specim. of Bot. of New. ere T, 9.1793). hizomeria, D. Don in Endinb. phil. journ. TX, 94 (1830). Sakiehiyitim, Bentham in Maund & pears s “sy i 95 (1840). (Calycomis partly.) Geissois, Labillardiére, Sertum Austro-Caled., 50 (1825). Weinmannia, Linné, Syst. ed. X, 1005 (1759). (Ackama.) Gillbeea, F, v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 17 (1865). Tetracarpaea, Hooker, Icon. t. 264 (1840). Eucryphia, Cavanilles, Icon. IV, 48 t. 372 (1797). (Compe Bauera, Banks and Kennedy in Andrews Bot. repost (1793), Eremosyne, Endlicher in Huegel, enum. pl. austr. oce. 53 (1837). Cephalotus, Labillarditre, Nov. Holl. pl. specim. II, 7 (1806). CRASSULACEAE. De Candolle, Bull. de la Soc. philom. n. 49, p. 1 (1801). Tillaea, Micheli, Nov. gen. 22, t. 20 (1729). (Bulliarda.) HAMAMELIDEAE. R. Brown in Abel’s narr. Journ. Chin. 374 (1818) Genus indeterminatum. ONAGREAE. , Adanson, Fam. pl. II, 81 (1763), from B. de Jussieu (1759). . Oenothera, Linné a nat. 8 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. p. 112 Gesner Epilobium, Dillenius in Linné syst. nat. 8 (1735), from Jussieua, Linné, Gen. 126 (17 ais (Jussiaea). Ludwigia, Linné, Coroll. 3 (1737). SALICARIEAE. Adanson, Fam, pl. II, 232 pe 63) from B. de Jussieu oe. Linné, Mant. II, 143 oe 1). Ammannia, Houston i in Linné, G. en. 337 (1737). Lagerstroemia, Linné, Syst. ed. x, sm (1759). Lythrum, Linné, syst. aoe 8 (17 Nesaea, Commergon in A. L. de ce Gen, | vit get Pemphis, R. G. Forster, Char. gen. 67, t. 1776) Lawsonia, Linn, Gen. a ill (1737). ars) Boss a aa eS a a ee Se Rae Lease, blige eR Ma” od uel 6 oer 7 ob . a | aie eee Pets - he Oke Ms ni CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 207 HALORAGEAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. TI, 549 (1814). Loudonia, Lindley, Bot. Reg. XXV, App. XLIL (1839). coon gig 5 Haloragis, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 61, t 31 (1776). ia, See eionectes, R. Brown in Flind. voy. I, 550 (1814). Aor -adeae al YEcluse, rar. stirp. hist. IL 252 (1583) from Dios Gunnera, tink, Mantiss. 16 (1767). (Milligania. ) gania. Ceratophyllum, Linné syst. nat. 9 (1735), Linné, gen. 290 (1737). Callitriche, Linné, syst. nat. edit. sext. 82 (1748). RHIZOPHOREAE. R. Brown in Flind. voy. IL. 549 (1814). Rhizophora, ae gen. 137 (1737). eriops, Arnott in Jardine’s Ann. of nat. hist., I, 363 (1838). Brugui Soimadk: Dict. IV, 696 t. 397 (17 96). Carallia, Roxburgh in Flind. voy. I, 549 (1814). CoMBRETACEAE. R. Brown, Prodr. I, 351 (1810). Terminalia, Linné, Mant. 21 (1767 Chuncoa.) Lumnitzera, Willdenow, ae der ties a t. Freund. Berl. IV, 186 1803). ( Macropteranthes, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. III, 91 (1862). Gyrocarpus, Jacquin, Stirp. Amer. hist., 282 (1763). MyrrTacEAe. Adanson, Fam. pl. II, 86 (1753) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Actinodium, Schauer in Linnea X, 311 (1835). (Triphelin.) Darwinia, Rudge in transact. Linn. Soc. XT, 299 (1813), _ (Genetylis, eT Chaemalaucium, Hedaroma, cisia, Decalophium, Schuermannia, rane aksennrat De Candolle in Dict. class. XI, 400 (1826). Paryeorthoes. hoea.) ws, Labillardiére, Nov. Holl. pl goin. th 0, Ba 806). 8 Thrytomene, Endlicher, Ann. des Wien. x II, 192 (1838). Hi yx, “Paryphantha, Astraea, Eremopyxis.} 208 —-. CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Wehlia, F. v. Mueller. Fragm. X, 22 (1876). Baeckea, Linné, sp. pl. I, 358 1753 (Jungia, Tnbriearin, Scholtzia, Schidiomyrtus, Rinzia, ane oe vow sora Hho etrapora, Harmogia, Oxymyr- ee Dotastes, De Candolle in Diction. class. XI, 400 Bei fs Hypocalymma, Endlicher, in Huegel, en m. pl. austr. orr. 51 (1 on = Punicella, ome in Bull. de gee Petersb, x ul (1852), (Balaustion, Cheynia. ) Agonis, De Candolle, Prod. III, 226 (1828). (Billiottia.) Leptospermum, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 71 t. 36 (1776). — (Fabricia, Homalospermum, Perica ymma. Kunzea, Reichenbach, Consp. 174 (1828). (Salisia, eo Callistem n, B. Brown in Flind. Pace II, 547 (1814). Wanidina” Linné, Mant. 14 (1767). (Gymnagathis, Asteromyrtus Conothamnus, Lindley, Bot. Regist. XXV, app. p. IX (18 30) Beaufortia, R. Brown in Ait. hort. Kew, sec. ed. IV, 418 (1812). ( Schizopleura. ) Saget, Be Schauer in Linnaea XVII, 243 Shays : Phymatocarpus, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IIL, 121 (1 862). 906). Celthansns, Labillardiére, Nov. Holl. pl. specim. II, 25 (1 ) (Billottia.) : Lamarchea, Gaudichaud in Freye. inet. voy. bot. 483 (1826). Eremaea, Lindle ey, Bot. Reg. XXV, app. XI (1839). Ang gophora, Cavanilles, Toon. IV, 21, t. 331 (1797). Eucalyptus, L’Héritier, Sertum anglicum 18 (1788). Symphyomyrtus, Eudesmia. . eke R Brow wn in Ait. 7 Kew. sec. ed. IV, 417 (1812). Lophostemon, Speier sme Ss se proe Banks in SS de Fruet. I, 170 (1788). 2, From (Syncarpia, Lysicarpus, Xanthostemon, Nania, Kampizia, Cloezia. Backhousia, Hooker and Harvey in Bot. Mag. t. 4133 (1845) Osbornia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. III, 31 (1862). sate Myrtus, Tournefort, Inst. 640, t. 409 (1700) from P oe Rhodomyrtus, de Candolle Prodr. III, 240 pie Mag a nee Jack in Hooker, comp. to t So 1835 se Fenzlia, Endlicher, Atacta bot. 19, t. 17 et 18 cus orem fora R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 73 (l (Nelitri Hugenia, woah, Nov. pl. gen. 226, t. 108 (1729) (Plinia, Plumier, 1703, Acmene, J ambosa, ek (1853). Acicalyptus, rs Gray, ‘New gen. Un, St. exped. CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 209 Barringtonia, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 75, t. 38 (17 76), Stravadium. ) areya, Roxburgh, Pl. Corom. III, 13, t. 217 (1816). Sonneratia, Linné fil. Suppl. 38 (1781). MELASTOMACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, gen. 328 (1789). Osbeckia, Linné, Spec. pl. 345 (1753). . Otanthera, Blume in Flora, Regensburg, II, 488 (1831). 1737). Memecylon, Linné, Fl. Zeyl. app. 9 (1747). RHAMNACEAE, A. L. de Jussieu, gen. 376 (1789) B, de Jussieu (1759). Ventilago, Gaertner de Fruct, I, 223, t. 49 (1788). Zizyphus, Tournefort, Inst. 627, t. 403 (1700) from Plinius Dallachya, F.v. Mueller, Fragm. IX, 140 (1875). 1 (Rhamnus y- Berchemia, Necker, Elem. bot. IT, 122 (1790). Colubrina, L. C. Richard in Ann. des se. nat. X, (1827). Alphitonia, Reissek in Endlicher, gen. 1098 (1840). Emmenospermum, F.v. Mueller, Fragm. IIT., 63 (1862). Pomaderris, Labillardiére, Nov. Holl. pl. specim. I, 61, t. 86 (1804). Cryptandra, Smith in Trans. Linn. Soc. IV, 217 (1798). : idi um, Wichurea, Stenodiscus). lietia, Commergon in A. L. de J ussieu, gen. 380 (1789). ria, Tetrapasma). Gouania, Jacquin, Stirp. Amer. hist. 263, t. 179 (1763). ARALIACEAE. (Umbelliferarum subordo.) Ventenat, Tabl. III (1799). pitrotricha, de Candolle, Coll. Mém. V, 29, t. 5 et 6 (1829), Srospermum, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. VII, 94 (1870). Panax, Linné, System. nat. 8 (1735). (Nothopanax.) Motherwellia, F. vy, Mueller, Fragm. VII, 107 (1871). sala, Endlicher, Nov. Stirp. decad. I, 89 (1839). Mertya, R. et G. Forster. - Forster, Char. gen. 119, t. 60 (1776). (Pothryodendron. ) : = ( ya, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IV, 120 (1864). 210 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, UMBELLIFERA. Morison, Hist. pl. I, lib. 3, sect. 1 (1680). Hydrocotyle, Tournefort, Inst. 328, t. 173 (1700). Didiscus, de Candolle in Bot. Mag,, t. eg! A (Huegelia, Dimetopia, Pritzelia, Pieler Fm Trachymene, Rudge in Transact. Linn. Soc. x, “300 ‘(t811), (Siebera, Fischera, D aiyiaes Platycarpidium Xanthosia, Rudge in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 361 (1811). (Leucolaena, Schoenolaena, Pentapeltis). Azorella, Lamarck, Dict. encycl. II, 344 (1783). (Fragosa, Pozoa, M sccantadi ans Schizeilema, Oschaizia, Contella partly, Dichopetalum uanaca, Cavanilles, Ieon. VL 18, t. 528 (1801). Diplaspis, Pozoops eae tus, fekileediice cei Holl. pl. spec. I, 67, t. 92 (1804). (Hemiphues, Eriocalia, Holo me.) Eryngium, Tournefort, Inst. 307, t. 173 (1700) from Theophrastos and Dioscorides. Apium, Tournefort, Inst. 305, t. 160 (1700) from ee sa Sium, Tournefort, instit. 308, t. 162 (1700) pene C. Bauhin (16 eseli, Rivinus in Ruppius, Fl. J oper: 267 (1718). Crantzia, N uttall, gen. Amer: if 66 (1700 Aciphylla, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 135, t. ‘ss (1776). (Ligustici subgenus.) j Daucus, Tournefort, Inst. 307, t. 161 gs from |’Ecluse (1576) Ore reomyrrhis, Endlicher, gen. 787 (18 (Caldasia partly). SYNPETALEAE PERIGYNAE AQUIFOLIACEAE. De Candolle, Théor. élém. I, 217 (1813). Byronia, Endlicher, Ann des I, 184 (1836). Ilex, Linné, gen. pl. 33 (1737) porns C. gon” (1623). OLACINEAE. Mirbel in Bull. soc. philom. 377 (1819). Ximenia, Plumier, Gen. 6, t. 21 (1703). Olax, Linné, Amoen. acad. I, Ed. 387 (1747). ru Cansjera, A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 448 (1789). 799). Opilia, Roxburgh, pl. Corom. I, 31, t. 158 (1 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 211 ELAEAGNEAE, R. Brown, Prodr. I, 350 (1810). Elaeagnus, Tournefort, Coroll. 53, t. 489 (1703) from Camerarius (1586). SANTALACEAE, R. Brown, Prodr. I, 350 (1810). Thesium, Linné, Gen. pl. 60 (1737). Santalum, Linné, Gen. ed. IT, 165 (1742) from C. Bauhin — (Fusanus, Eucarya Choretrum, R. Brown, Prodr. 354 (1810). Leptomeria, R. Brown, Prodr. 353 (1810). Omphacomeria, Endlicher, Gen. 326 (1838). Anthobolus, R. Brown, Prodr. 357 (1810). Xocarpos, Labillardiére, Relat. du voy. 4 la rech. de la Pérouse (1798). (Exocarpu 8.) LoraNTHACEAE. . L. de Jussieu, Ann. du Mus. XII, 292 (1808). ber: anes Inst. 609, t. 380 (1700) from Camerarius Atkinsonia, F. y. Mueller, Fragm. V, 3 34 (1865 ). Nuytsia, R. Brown in Journ. of the Geogr. Soc. I, 17 (1831) PROTEACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 78 (1789). Fetrophila, R. Brown in Transact, Linn, Soe X, 67 (1809). A Sopogo: rown in Transact. Linn. Soe. X, 70 (1809). i Labillardiére, Nov. ‘Holl. pl. spec. I, 28, t. 36 (1804). oun R. Brown in Transact, Linn. Soc. X, 152 (1809). on gree in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 157 (1809). re a Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 157 (1809). onem 212 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Bellendena, R. Brown in 7 Linn. Soc, X, 166 (1809). Agastachys, R. Brown in Transact. Linn, Soc. X, 158 (1809), Cenarrhenes, Labillardiére, Fic “Holl — spec. L 36 t. 50 (1804). Persoonia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV. , 215 (1798). (Linkia, 1797.) Macadamia, F. v. Mueller in Transact. phil. Inst. Vict. II, 72 1857). (Panopsis partly ; ce aie” partly.) Helicia, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. I, 83 (179 Roupala, Aublet, Hist. des pl. de la a. L 83, t. 32. (1775) (Rhopala, Bleasdalea, Adenostephanus pa rtly. Xylomelum, Smith in Transact, Linn. Soc. IV, 214 (1798). Lambertia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. LY, 214 (1798). Orites, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 189 (1809). (Oritina. ) Strangea, Meissner in Hook. Kew. Misc. VII, 66 (1855). a). Grevillea, R., Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. X. 168 (1809) Anadenia, Lysanthe, Stylurus, Manglesia Haken er oe, Han ‘ nov. I, fas 3, a t. 17 (1797). (Conchium.) Carnarvonia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. VI, 81 (1867). ee E F. v. Mueller, Fragm. VI, 248 (1868). gia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. V, 152 '(1866). Cardwellia, v v. Mueller, Fragm. v, 24, 38, 73, 152 (1865-6). Stenocarpus, R. Brown in t. Linn. Soc. X, 201 (1809). (Cybele, Agnostus.) Lomatia, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc X, 199 (1809). (Tricondylus.) Embothrium, R. - G. Forster, Char. gen. = t. 8 (1776). Telopea, R. Brown in Transact. . Soc 197 (1809). Banksia, Linné fil. suppl. 15 et 126 (1781 ae Dryandra, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. X 211 (1809) (Josephia, Hemiclidia. ) THYMELEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 76 (1789). Pimelea, Banks & Solander in Gaert. de Fruct. I, Poe (Thecanthes, Gymnococea, Heterolaena, © 3 Macrostegia Banksia Forst. 1776.) — (792) Drapetes, Lamarck, Journ. dhist. nat. I, 119, t. Kelleria, Da ihobr on. i anhit. Wisatromi tie, Modichen: P , vie fh Norfolk. 47 (1833) Cute 1835) Phalbria, "ack in Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag. 1, 156 ( (Drymispermum.) (1788)- CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. S15 CoRNACEAE, Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. gen. am. IIT, 430 (1818). Stylidium, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. I, 220 (1790). (Marlea, Rhytidandra, Pseudalangium 2 RUBIACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 196 are 83) from B, de Jussieu (1759). ir Afzelius in Transact. hort. soc. V, 422, t. 18 (182 Oldeslandig, Plumier, Gen.42, t. 36 (1703). (Hedyotis, Synap- thantha. Dentella, R. et G. Forster, Char. Gen. 25, t. 13 ies (Lippaya.) hiorrhiza, Linné, Fl. Zeyl. 190 et 239 (1747). Abbottia, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IX, 181 (1875). Gardenia, Ellis in Phil. Transact. LI, 935, t. 23 (1761). Rendia, Houston in Linn. Hort . Clift 485 (17 ts (Pavetta, Webera, Hl ae "ade Coffea, Linné, syst. nat. 8 (1735); Linné, Gen. 55 (1737) from 1). Ray Timonius, aeneloan herb. Amboin. ITI, 216, t. 140 (1743). (Polyphragmon.) Bis ore “Gaertner f. de Fruct. ILI, 91, t 196 (1805). (Ep Guettarda, "Osbeck in Eind: spec. pl, 991 (1753). (Antirrhoea, Guettardella. Hodgkinsonia, F. v r, Fragm. IL, 132 (1861). Canthium, Lamarck, ‘Dict "T’ 602 (1783). (Plectronia pay.) Morinda, Vaillant, Act. Acad. Paris, 202 (1722) Coelospermum, Blume, Bijdr. 994 Sang Cer nt yanephytum, Sack in transact, Linn, Soe 24 (1823). Myrm nsact. Linn. Soc XIV, 499 (1823). Lasianthus, a in Transact. Linn. Soc. XIV, 125 (1823). pee Linné, Syst. ed. X, 929 9 (1759). (Wragoga, 1737, GccPhils, D. Don, Prodr. fi. Nepal. 136 (1825). Coprosma, R. eG. Forster, Char. Gen. 137, t. 69 (1776). (Nertera, Gaertner, de Fruct. I, 111, t. 24 (1788). Pomax, “sahara in Gaertner, de Fruct. I, 112 (1788). Fleuthranthes, F. v. Mueller, 864 oxia, Linné, 8 Zeyl. 189 (1747 Dillenius, Y Hath. Elth. 369, % 277 (1732). ‘Ten Ruppius, Fi Jenens, 5 (1718) from Dodoens (1583). Dodoens pemptad. 335 (1583) from Dioscorides. 214 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Adanson, Fam. IT, 133 (1763). Sambucus, Tournefort, Inst. 606, t. 396 (1700), from Dodoens (1583). (Tripetelus.) PASSIFLOREAE. A. L. de Jussieu in Ann. du Mus. VI, 102 (1895). iflora, Plukenet phytograph 202 et 282 t. 104, 210, 211, 912 (16 92). (Disemma.) Modecea, Lamarck, Dict. TV, 208 (1797). CUCURBITACEAE. Haller, En. stirp. Helv. Praef. 34 (1742). Trichosanthes, Linné, Gen. 295 (1737). Lagenaria, Seringe in Mém. de la Soc. Genev. III, 25, t. 2 lee: Luffa, Tournefort in Act. Acad. Paris, 84, t. 2 (17 06) from Vesling (1638). Zanonia, Linn Coroll. 19 (1737). i mitr: Cucumis, Soatictork Inst. 104, t. 31 (1700) from Plinius. Benincasa, Savi in Bibl. Ital. IX, 158 (1818). Momordica, Tournefort, Inst. 103, t. 29 et 30 (1700 Bryonopsis, Arnott in Hook. Journ. Bot. III, 274 (1841). (Bryonia partly.) Melothria, Linné, Coroll. 1 (1737). (Zehneria, Mukia. . Sicyos, Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735) ; ; Linné, Gen. pl 297 (1737): CoMPosITAE. Vaillant, Act. Acad. Paris, 143 (1718). Centratherum, Cassini in Bull. de la Soc. Philom. ( 1817). Pleurocarpaea, Bentham, Fl. Austr. III, 460 (1866). Watdonin, Schreber, Gen. II, 541 (179 1). Elephantopus, Vaillant in Act. Acad. Paris, 309 Tt Adenostemma, R. et G. Forster, Char. Gen. 89, t. 45 ( é Ageratum, Linné, Gen. 247 (1737). Baubin eee Tournefort, Inst. 455, t. 259 (1700) from C. YN : — frt, (1818). nee ora, Cassini in Bull. de la Se m mreremateg maser bag Emphysopus Brachycome, Cassini in Bull. de la soc. philom. 199 180 (Bellidis ican, Paopistieei Brachystephium, ye Silphiospermum. Pare Erodiophyllum, F. v. Mueller, Fragm. IX, 119 (1875). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 215 Minuria, De Candolle, Prodr. V, 298 (1836). (Huenefeldia, Goniopogon, Cheiroloma.) Aster, Tournefort, Inst. 481, t. 74 *(1700) from Dioscorides. (Olearia, Celmisia, Eurybia, "Steetzia. Vittadinia, Ach. Richard, Voy. Astrol. bot. 250 (1832). urybiopsis, ae a odocoma, Cassini in Bull. de la Soc. Philom. 137 (1817). soma 8.) Erigeron, Linné, Hort. Cliffort. 407 (1737). (Haplopappus partly.) ° Conyza, ing, synops. gen. comp. 203 (18 late. De Candolle in Guillem. Arch. bot. TL 514 (1833). Pluchea, son, fe in =o ip de la Soc. Philom. 31 (181 7). a," F. v. Mueller in Journ. of Landsborough’s Exped. app. (1862 oleocoma, F. : "Mueller in Hook. Kew Mise. IX, 19 (1857). Epaltes, Cassini in Bull. de la Soc. Philom. 139 (1818 ). Gphacromorphacs partly, Ethuliopsis. ) Sphaeranthos, Vaillant in Act. Acad. Paris, 289 (1719). (Sphaeran: sateen} Elliott, Sketch of Bot. of S. Carolin and Georg. Hi, 323 (1824). (Monenteles. ) Stuartina, Sonder in Linnaea XXV, 521 (1852). Gnaphalium, Linné, Gen. 250 (1737) from J. & ©. Bauhin (1619). Enchiton.)” Antennaria, Gaertner, de Fruct. IT, 410, t. 167 (1791). Raoulia aR Satare R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. XII, 124 (1817). Sep Hooker in Lond. Journ. ¥ ay VI, 120 (1847). P yne Lessing, Syn. Com 27 (Rhytidanthe, ig Se Ixiolaena, Bentham in Huegel. enumerat. 66 (188%). oe F. v. Mueller, Fragm. XI, 49 (1878). aitzia, “heey ae “eee pl. U, 13, t. 42 (1 808.) (vines, Morna, Pte Helichrysum, Vaillant in in ee Acad. Paris, 290 (1719) from — ee Re A merdamia, La ella, Argyrophanes, Ch halt, Con- mia, Lawren es, Chrysocep é anthodium, Satsiunisyuam, Aeggreiiuitie, So canthocladium, rtly.) “216 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. lepis, Hyalosperma, Triptilodiscus, ioe Monette anthes, Dimorpholepis, Duttonia, Cassiniola.) Podotheca, Cassini in Dict. X XITI, 561 ee (Podospermum, ae Lophocliniu m.) Millotia, Cas: n Ann. des scienc. nat. “XVI, 416 (1829). Quinetia, Cassini 1 in Diction. LX, 579 (1830). Rutidosis, De Candolle, Prods VI, 158 (1837). (Pumilo, Actinopappus, Be genie a.) Ammobium, R. Brown in Bot. Mag. t. 2459 (1824). | Scyphocoronis, A. Gray i in Hook. Kew mise. IV, 223 (1 at Toxanthus, Turczaninow in Bull. Mose. I, 177 (1851). | (Anthocerastes). 4 Eriochlamys, Sonder & F. v. Mueller in Linnaea XXV, 488 io 'Cassinia, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. mes 128 am (Non zoologorum Apolochlamys, Achromolaena, Chro Humea, Smith, Exot. bot. 1. t. 1 (1804 (Haeckeria, Calomeria Acomis, F. v. Muation. Fragm. II, 89 (1860). Trolia ke Lindley, Bot. Regist. XXV, app. 23 oa 9). R. Brown in Ait. hort. Kew, sec. ed. IV, 1 ee aie a Be ntham in a Enum. 61 (1837). Angianthus, Wendland, Collect. pl. II, 31 (1809). (Siloxerus, Styloncerus, Ogcerostylus, Cylindrosorus, calymma, Skirrophorus, Chrysocoryne, Eriocladium, | lepis, Piptostemma, Epitriche, Gamozygis, Cep -_ partly, Hyalochlamys, Dithyrostegia, Pleuropapp™®> | y to be restituted. 90). “§ Deegionia , Cassini in Bull. de la Soc. Philom. 45 (18 a ‘ie | Wephalosaras partly, Nematopus, Crossolepis, hee er : dium, Cyathopappus ; some readily to Phyllo- Pogono- PREAea eee Decazesia, F. vy. osama? Fragm. XI, 71 (1879). assy a Calocephalus, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. XII, 106 a hrysum-) Pee Cephalipterum, A. Gray i in faci. Kew Mise. IV, ; . | (Gnaphalodes, A Gray in Hook. Kew Mise. IV, 228 (te) Bh aca! ‘Craspedia, G. Forster, dial insul. Austr. Prodr. dRichea, Pycnosorus. Chthonocephalus, Steetz in Lehm. PL Preiss. I, wg 4 phaerion, Gyrostephium, Lachnothalamus. st, 8 Podolepis, Labillardiere, Nov. Holl. pl. specim. * Stylolepis j (1806). (Scalia, Panaetia, Scaliopsis, Siemssenl® ~"y” Rutidechlamys.) 4 § + CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 217 Athrixia, Ker in Bot. Regist. VITI, 681 (1823). hrysodiscus, Trichostegia). Nablonium, Cassini, Dict. XXXTV, 101 (1825). Jhrysogonum, Linné, Hort. Cliffort. 424 (1737). Moonia, Pentalepis). siegesbeckia, Linné, Hort. Cliffort. 412 (1737) ou: Eisley Fl. Cochinch. IT, 510 (1790). nydra. ) eed OO lee POS SO OK. Eclipta, Linné, Mantiss. IT, 157 (1771). Wedelia, Jacquin, Stirp. Amer. hist. 217, t. 130 (1763). ollastonia. ilanthes, Jacquin, Strip. Amer. hist. 214, t. 126 (1763). Bidens, Dillenius, hort. Elth. 51 et 52, t. 43 and 44 (1732) from pini (1 583). (Probably i immigra’ Glossogyne, Cassini, Dict. LI, 475 (1827.) (Diodontium.) Flaveria, A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 186 (1789). Soliva, Ruiz et Pavon, Prodr. 113, t. 24 (1794). (Gymnostyles) (Probably immigrated). Cotula, Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735); Linné, gen. 256 (1737). (Gymnogyne, Strongylospermum, Pleiogyne, Symphyomera, Stenosperma, Leptinella. ) Centipeda, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. II, 492 (1790). (Myriogyne, Sphaeromorphaea partly.) Abrotanella, Cassini in Dict. XXXVI, 27 (1825). ( Scleroleima, Trineuron.) Elachanthus, F. v. Mueller in Linnaea aan, 410 o Ceratogyne, Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Mose. XXIV, 68 (1851). oe) soetopsis Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Mose. I, 175 (1851). Gynura, Cassini in Dict. XXXIV, 391 (1825). Senecio Tournefort, Inst. 456, t. 260 (1700), from Plinius. ntropappus.) htites, Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 65 ys Cymbonotus, Cassini in Dict. XXXV, 397 (1825). Ssurea, De Candolle i in dawn. dt Mua. , 156 (1810). panne Haplotaxis.) ( ntaurea, Linné, Hort. Cliffort 420 (1737). Trichocline, Cassini in Bull. Soc. Philom. 13 (1817). — “+ aa Gupheaies a Seca in Edin. Phil. Mag. XI, 388 (1832). us, Won ra gen. pl. mo ITSYY 218 «CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS ‘TO AUSTRALIA, — CAMPANULACER, A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 163 (1789) from B. de Jussieu cdo, i Lobelia, Linné, Fi. Lappon. 227 (1737). - (Labi partly, Enchysia partly, Laurentia ly.) Wahlenbergia, Schrader, Catal. Hort. Bot. Gootting (1814). CANDOLLEACEZ. F. v. Mueller, Fragmenta Phytographie Australie VIII, 41 (si , (Stylidex, R. Brown, Prodr. I, 565 anno. 1810). Candollea, Labi Hardiaie i in Rte: du Mus. VI, 451 (1805). _(Ventenatia, Stylidium, Forsteropsis.) Leeuwenhoekia, R. Brown, Prodr. 572 (1810). Levenhookia, Coleostylis = Phyllachne, R. et G. Forster, Char. Gen. 115, t. 58 (1776). (Forstera, Oreostylidium, Helop yliu Donatia, R. et G. Forster, Char. cae 9, t. 5 (1776). GOODENIACES. R. Brown, Prodr. 573 (1810). Brunonia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 366 (1810). Dampiera, R. Brown, Prodr. 587 (1810). (Linschotenia Diaspasis, R. ‘Brown, Prodr. 586 (1810). - egmee R. Brown, Prodr. 581 (1810). Sshouen R. Brown, Prodr. 582 (1810). Catosperma, Bentham in Hooker op i t. 1028 (186s). vola, Linné, Mantisa TI, 145 (1 boeriy (Pogonetes, Temminckia, Pia ai Crossotoma, Molken? es erkusi: Selliera, Cavanilles, Anal. roa Nat. 141, t- 5 (1799) Calogyne, R. Brown, Prodr. 579 (1810). Goodenia, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soe. II, 347 Me a (Goodenoughia, en de Stekhovia, Aillya, 1798). Velleya, Smith in Transact. Linn. Soc. IV, 2 ait ( (Velleia, Euthales ) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 219 SYNPETALEA HYPOGYN. F. y. Mueller in Woolls’s plants of the neighb. of Sydney, 34 (1880). GENTIANES. Necker in Act. Acad. Theod. Pal. II, 477 (1770) from B. de Jussieu (1759). Limnanthemum, Gmelin, Nov. Comm. Acad, Petrop. XIV, 527 (1770). (Villars, Liparophyllum Sebaea, Solander in R. Brown, Prodr. 451 (1810). Erythraea, Reneaulme, Specim. Hist. pl. 77, t. 76 (1611). Canscora, oo in Dict. I, 602 (1783). (Orthostemo ntiana, Pournadont, Inst. 80, t. 40 (1700) from Dioscorides. LoGANIACE#. R. Brown in Flind. Voy. I, app. 564 (1814). Strychnos, Linné Syst. Nat. 8 Sates 3h Linné, Sp. pl. I, 189 (1753). dl. 125 (1782). (1804). ered i .) Geniostoma, R. et G. Forster, Char. Gen. 23, t. 12 (1776). Brown, Prodr, 454 (1810). ecw 1808, ee restituenda.) PLANTAGINEE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 89 (1789). Plantago, Tournefort, Inst. 126, t. 48 (1700) from I’Ecluse (1576). PRIMULACE. Ventenat, Tabl. II, 285 (1799). —- Senin Inst. 142, t. 59 (1700) from Hippocrates i, Cen tunculus, Micropyxis. : yrimachin, Aaavackon’, Inst. 141, t. 59 (1700) from Dioscorides. Samolus, Tournefort, Inst. 143, t. 60 (1700). (Sheffieldia.) MYRSINACEAE. (Primulacearum subordo. ) R oye Prodr. 52 (1810). a "sa, Forskael, Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 66 (177 {(Bacobotrys.) Samara, Linné, Mantis. II, 144 (1771). (Choripetalum.) 220 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, Myrsine, Linné, Syst. Nat. 8 eth Linné, Gen, pl. 54 Ardisia, "Swartz, Prodr. 3 et 48 — Gaertner, de Fruct. I, "6 +t. 46 (1788). SAPOTACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 151 (1789) from B. de Jussieu ( Chrysophyllum, Linné, Gen. pl. 361 (1737). —— era. Lucuma, Molina, Saggia, 186 (1782). (Sersalisia Sideroxylon Dillenius, Hort. Eltham 357, t. 265 (1732). Sees Sapota. Amorphospermum, F. v, Mueller, Fragm. VII, 112 come ee A. de Candolle, Prodr. VIII, 17 6 (1844). eae erga in Asiat. Research. I, 300 (1788). ar llipe. Mnitavoe Linné, Fl. Zeyl. 57 iz 47). EBENACEAE. Ventenat, =a II. 443 (1799). Diospyros, Linné, Gen. pl. 143 (1737). Maba, R. et G. Fo rster, Char. gen. 121, t. 61 ee (Cargi Sr SryRACEA . L. C. Richard, Analyse ee fruit. 48 (1808). Symplocos, N. J. Jacquin enum. plant. Carib. 24 (1760). J ASMINEAE. é A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 104 (1789) from sor sia Jasminum, Tournefort, Inst. 597. t. + At rOO) een et om | Nae Olea, Tournefort, Inst. 598, t. 370 (1 Balt Ligustrum, Tournefort, rik 596, t. 367 (1700) oe a 1623 Notelaea, Ventenat, “ary t. 25 (1803). Mayepea, Aublet, Hist. pl. Guian. I, 81, t. 31 (1775). (Chionanthus partly, wha partly, Ceranthes.) ‘ APOCYNEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 143 he Buitenz. (1823 Melodinus, R. et G: Porter, Ohar, Gen, 3f, & 19 arto. Carissa, Linné, Mantiss 7 (17 na Cerbera, Linné, Gen. pl. 62 (1737). Alyxia, Banks in R. Brown Prodr, 469 (1810). (Gynopogon.) SiS ee} Pa Roa pistemon, Blume, Bijdr. 722 (18 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 221 )chrosia, A. L, de Jussieu, Gen. pl. 143 (1789). Lactaria. Votonerium, Bentham in B. & J. H. Gen. IT, 698 (1876). ‘abernaemontana, Plumier, Gen. 18, t. 30 1703 Vinca, wer in Rupp. Fl. Jenens. 27 (1718) from Plinius. Perhaps immigrated.) \lstonia, R. esis fn Mem. Wern. Soe. I, 75 (1809). chnocarpus, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 61 (1809). iste seed R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 75 (1809). ou Parsonsia, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 64 (1809). Lyonsia, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soe. I, 66 (1809). ASCLEPIADEAE. Seti Mise. Austr. I, 35 (1778). Gymnanthera, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soe. I, 58 (1809). Secamone, R. sheet in Mem. Wern. Soe. I, 55 (1809). Vincetoxicum, Dodonaeus, Seclavgs hist. pemptades, 704 (1583). (Oxystelma partly, Opiinites nné, Gen. ps 63 3 (1737). Sarcostemma, R. Brown i in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, md (1809). R. Biwi; in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 50 (18 09). Daemia, (Pentatropis, Rhyncharrhena. Gymnema, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. as 33 (1809). Sagres et K Brown in Mou, Waa Bee ke eee Chozetia, F. v. Mueller in Benth. Fl. Austr. IV, a (1869). 180 — wn in Mem. Wern. Soe. I, 32 (1809). lcrostemma, R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 25 (1809). “eropegia, Linné, Gen. pl. 65 (1737). CoNVOLVULACEAE. A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. 132 (1789) from B. de Jussieu (1759). h, pl. Corom. III, 31, t. 159 (1798). 25). ] ( " Hoya, RB rown in Mem. Wern. Soc. I, 26 og) ! nat. 8 (1735); Linné, Gen. pl. 47 (1737). lit, Aniseia.) pomoea, syst. (Pharbitis, Batatas, Calonyction, Quamoc rs Ca evuas, Tournefort, Inst. 82, t. 17 (1700). Pema R. Brown, Prodr. 488 (1810). ice Fl. ind. 51, t. 21 (1768). 222 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AU Breweria, R. Brown, Prodr. 487 (1810). Evolvulus, Linné, Sp. pl. ed. secund. 391 (1763). Dichondra, R. et G. Forster, Char. gen. 39, t. 20 array, Cressa, Linné, Amoen. acad. 1, 121 (1747). Wilsonia ia, R. Brown, Prodr. 49 0 (1810). Cuscuta, Tournefort, Inst. app. 652, t. 422 (1700) from 0. 4 (1623). SOLANACEAE. Haller, Enum. stirp. Helv. Praef. 34 (1742). : Physalis, Linné, syst. nat, 8 (1735); Linné, Gen. pl. 51 (Lies 3 Solanum, Tournefort, Inst. 148, t. 62 (170 0) from m Celsus. te Datura Linné, Gen. pl: 48 (1737 S ; Sa te from C. Bashia l ae Endlicher, Nov. stirp. Mus. Vind. dee. 6 (1839). Anthocercis, Labillardiére, Nov. Holl. pl. spec. I, 19 (1806), (Cyphanthera, Eadesia. ie Duboisia, R. Brown, Prod, 448 (1810). ScROPHULARINAE. Mirbel, Elém. II, 879 (1815). Mimulus, Linné, Act. Soc. Upsal. 82 (1741). (Uvedalia Mazus, Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. IT, 385 (1790). Adenosma, R. Bro own, Prodr. 442 (1810). Panna ) Stemodia, Linné, Syst. ed. X, 1118 (1759). (Morgana Limnophila. a Herpesti a, KF. Cacetcel, de Fruct. III, 186, t. 214 9 : Gratiola, gree he Fl. Jenens. 241 (1718) from mere > Dopatrium, Hamilton in Benth. Scroph. rev. be 36 Artanema, D. Don in Sweet. fl. gard. t. 234 (1829). Vandellia, Browne in Linné, Mantiss. 12 (1767). Tlysanthes, Bonnaya. — Beathars , Fl. Austr. pe a (1869). Peplidium, Delile, FL. Aegypt. 148 (1813). Microcarpaea, R. Brown, Prodr. 435 Gel 1, 355 ass Wiskoliacs Arnott in Nov. Act. Leop i) = (Tricholoma. 5(L oe Limosella, Lindern, opuse. plant. Argentorst _ 5 ( Scoparia, Linné, = nat, edit. sext. “87 (1748) 100 (1789) Ourisia, Commercon in A. L. de Juss. pepe met Veronica, Tournefort, "hk 143, t. 60 (1700) ) (Pygmaea. eas CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 223 Ramphicarpa, Bentham in Hooker's _— Bot. Mag. I, 368 (G35) Centranthera, R. Brown, Prodr. 438 (181 Sopubia, Hamilton in De Don, Prodr. fi. Nepal. (1825). Buechnera, Linné, Hort. Cliffort. 501 (1737). (Buchnera, Striga.) uphrasia, Tournefort, Inst. 174, t. 78 (1700) from Camerarius 586). SELAGINEAE. A. L. de Jussieu in Ann. du Mus. VIT, 71 (1806). hisma, Choisy, Mém. de la Soc. Genev. H, 93 (1823). (Perhaps i imm igrated.) OROBANCHEAE. A. L. de Jussieu in Ann. du Mus. V, 25 (1804). banche, Tournefort, Inst. 175, t, 81 (1700) from lEcluse (1583). (Perhaps immigrated.) LENTIBULARINAE. L. 6, t. 81 (1700). line from Theophrast Justicia, Houston in Linné, Gat pl. 4 (1737). (Rostellaria, Rostellularia ) Graptophyllum, a in Wall. Pl. As. rar. ITI, 102 (1832). (Earlia, Thyrsatan Dicliptera, A. L. ‘le = ussieu in Ann. du Mus. IX, 267 (1807). (Brochosiphon. ) Hypoestes, Solander in R. Brown, Prodr. 474 (1810). Eranthemum, Linné, Fl. Zeyl. 6 (1747). HYDROPHYLLEAE. R. Brown in Edw. Bot. Regist. t. 242 (1817). Hydrolea, Linné, Sp. pl. ed. sec, 328 (1762) ASPERIFOLIAE. Haller, Enum. stirp. Helv. Pref. 34 (1742). Cordia, Plumier, Gen. pl. 13, t. 14 (1703). Ehretia, P. Browne, Civ. and nat. hist. of Jamaic. 168 t 16 (175 6). peer iene Linné, syt. nat. 8 (1735) ; a Gen. pl. 55 (1737): meen. acad. ed. prim. 1 19 (1747). nia, Linné, Cobopitis Heliotropium, Tournefort, Inst. 138 +. 57 (1700). (Tiaridium, Heliophytum) from Theophrastos, ine s and Plinius. “mg Gaudichaud in Freyc. voy. Bot. 448 t. 59 (1826). My. osotis, Ruppius, Fl. Jenensis 9 (1718). Exarrhena. Hritrichum, Schrader in Commentat. Goett. IV, 186 (1820). E (Eritrichium. nee — in Rupp., Fl. Jenensis 12 (1718). E = 24 Rochelia, Réichierbach i in Fl. Regensb. bot. Zeit. I, 243 (18 ae (Maccoya. ) Cynoglossum, Tournefort, Inst. 139, t. 57 (1700) from Dioscorides LABIATAE. : 759). Adanson, Fam. II, 180 (1763) from B. de Jessie (179°) Ocimum, —* Inst. 203, t. 96 (1700) from and Dioscori Moschosma, “Reichenbach Consp. 115 (1828). (Basilicum, 1802.) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 995 on L Héritier, Sti. L& (1785). Coleus, Loureiro FI. Cochin h. LI, 372 (1790). Pogostemon, Desfontaines in Mb. du Mus. IT, 154, t. 6 (1815). (Dysophylla. zen Tournefort, Inst. 188, t. 89 (1700) from Hippocrates and Theophrastos. Lycopus, oom Inst. 180, t. 83 (17 ~ from Plinius. Salvia, —o gen. 6 (1737) from Pliniu Brunella, l’Ecluse rar. stirp. hist. tA; 49-43 are gira reas Hermann, Hort. Lugd. Bot. catal. (1687). Anisomeles, R. Brown, Prodr. 503 (1810 Depremesnilia, F. vy, Mueller, Fragm. X, 59 (1876). Prostanthera, Labillardiére, Nov. Holl. pl. spec. 18, t. 157 (1806). (Chilodia, Cryphia, Klanderia Wrixonia, F. v. Mueller, Prigin X, 18 (1876). Hemigenia, R. Bro wn, Prodr. fate (1810). (Hemiandra, Colon, Atelandra.) icrocorys, Brown Prodr. 502 (1810). gece: W ia, Smith in Vet. Acad. Handl. 171 (1797 Tract, 1 Tournefort, Inst. 207, t. 98 (1700) from Dioscorides. Ajuga, Linné, Gen. pl. 167 (1737). VERBENACEAE. Adanson, Fam. II, 195 (1763) from B, de Jussieu (1757). Lippia, Houston in Linné, syst. nat. 8 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. pl. Ver 347 (1737). (Zapania nc Brongniart in Bull. de la soc. philom. 186 (1821). ; oo Acad. Turin. V, 418 (1791). ae 00). (Todea, Lep- ‘topteris.) rt Inst. SAT t. 324 (1700). Epes re 240 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, Trichomanes, Linné, Hort. Cliffort. 476 (1737). Hymenophyllum, Smith in Roemer’s Archiv. I, 56 (1797). Cyathea, Smith in Mem. Acad. Turin, V, 416 (1 791). (Hemitelia, Amphicosmia. ) Alsophila, R. Brown, Proc 158 (1810). Dicksonia, 1’ Héritier, os angl. 31 (1788). (Cibotium, Patania, Denn staedtia, Deparia, Balantium partly.) Davallia, Smith in ay cad. Turin. V, 414 (1791). (Microlepia, Humata, Balantium partly. Vittaria, Smith in Mem. Acad. Turin. V, 414 (1791). Lindsaya, Dryander in Mem. Acad. Turin. Me 413 (1791). (Lindsaea, teens Synophlebium, art om : Adiantum rnefort, Inst. 543, t. 317 (1700), from Hippo crate sy te Dioscorides and Plinius. Cheilanthes, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 126, t. 3 (1806). hice Nothochlaena ) teris, syst. nat. 9 (1735) ; Linné, Gen. pl. 322 (1737). (Pellaea, Cheildplseton, Platyloma, Litobrochia -) Lomaria, Willdenow in Berl. Mag. III, 160 (1809). (Stegania, Plagiogyria. Blechnum, Linné, Sp. pl. II, 1077 (1753). Matianinin tis: Commercon i in Schkuhr’s Kryptog. Ge (1809). ig robe ne fia, Smith in Act. Acad. Turin. V, 411 (1791). (Doodia) Asplenium, Linné, Gen. pl. 322 (1737), from di Bauhin. 1651. (Scolopendrium, Allantodea, Diplazium, Callipteris ris, Anisogoni iva, nopteris, Neottopteris, Darea, Coenopteris, Athyrium, w. 82, ae plora. F Cystopteris, Bernhardi in Schrader’s neuem Journ. I, 26 (1806). Aspidium, Swartz in Schrader’s Journ. I, 429 (1800). ai (Nephrodium, Nephrolepis, Polystichum, Lastraea, Sagem Oleandra. ras wn Tournefort, Inst. enue t. 316 (1700) ; from phrastos Dioscorides and Plin tenis (Nipobotas, oe TE Goniupteris Phlebodium, ret oe Phymatodes, Pleopeltis, Drynaria, eH 5 Ae eile Xiphopte ris, Meniscium partly ; od de gal ere Hes Morison, Ray, Plumier fer pat scolatiy Pe olypodiu Hy palepe: en in Schrader’s neuem Journ. U, a4 (1806) Grammitis, Swartz i in Schrader’s Journ. II, 3 & 17 (1800 Acrostichum, Linné, — pl. 322 (1731) indicative r 2g ae eS Stenochlaena, Lomariop is, Hymenolepis, “git nopteris, Chrysodium. Platycerium, rng vera i in a soc. Linn. Par. VI, 213 (1827) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 241 MUSCI. Linné, Gen. pl. 323 (1737). HYPOPHYLLOCARPAE. Bridel, Bryologia universa I, p. XLVI (1826). Cyathophorum, Palisot, Prodr. Aethéog. 33 et 52 (1805). Catharomnion, J. Hooker & Wilson in Fl. N. Zeal. II, 119 (1855 Lopidium, J. Hooker & Wilson in Fl. N. Zeal. II, 119 (1855). a aga Bridel, Bryol. univers. I, XLVI : ( the L Rhacopilum, Palisot, Prodr. Aethéog. 36 et 87 (1805). Racopilum.) FIssIDENTEAE. Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. XVII (1843). = he big Montagne in Ann. des sc. nat. sec. sér. VIII, 245 (1 Rissidens, Hedwig, Fundam. II, 91 (1782). HYPNACEAE. Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. V-VI (1855). Glossophyllum, C. Mueller, Synops. muscor. IT, 229 (1851). (Stereophyllum a Mitten in the Journ. of the Linn. Soc. XII, 503 69). Mitten in the journ. of the Linn. Soc. XII, 21 chium, Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. or (1853), ch, Schimper uem ryo. p- nn 1869)” Mitten in the Journ. of the Linn. Soc. XII, 503 ec Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. 6 (sn) Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. um, Dillenius, Noy. gen. 85, t. 1 (1719). spuon, tint partly, Limnobium. seg Lindberg in Oefvers of kongl. Vetensk Acad. erhandl XVIII, 375 (1861). << Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. Bése 239 mt 873), herelle in Ann. des Se. nat. cing. sér. xVAE, Schimper & Guembel, Bryok: Europ = 5 aes e Rhynch alec partly.) ostegium, Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ fase: 51 (1852). a : ‘ Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fasc. XLIV & XLV (1855). 242 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. DALTONIACEAE. Daltonia, Hooker & Taylor, musc. Brit. 80 (1818). HOOKERIACEAE. C. Mueller in der Linnaea XXI, 190 (1848). Pterygophyllum, Bridel, Bryol. Univ. II, 341 (1827). Hookeria, Smith in the Sraisact, of the Linn, Soc IX, 275, t. 23 (1808). oo Dozy & Molkenboer, Muse. frond. archip. Ind. t 1846.) (Mniadelphus Eriopus, Bridal Bryol Univ. I, 339 (1827 LESKEACEAE. Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. V (1852). Thuidium, Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. # 185: 2). eae Hedwig, Fund. hist. muse. II, 92 (1782). ki Braithwaitea, Lindberg in Act. Soc. sc. Fennic. X, 250 (1870). (Dendro-Leskea partly, Isothecium partly.) TRACHYLOMACEAE. (Pseudo-Neckeraceae, Hamp @.) Entodon, C. Mueller in Mohl & Sclechtendal’s Bot. Zeitung, 740 1844). Trachyloma, Bridel, Bryolog. Univ. I, pag. XLVI Cel 331 Lepyrodon , Hampe in annal. des Sc. nat. cing. sér 1866), (Leucodon partly.) FABRONIACEAE. Hampe in Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. II, 118 (1846). Fabronia, Raddi, Atti Acad. Sien. IX, 230 (181 1). LEUCODONTEAE. Hampe in der Linnaea XX, 90 (1847). Trichomitrium, Reichenbach, Consp. 32 (1828). Ptychothecium, Hampe in F. v. M. fragm. phytogr. gcgse suppl. 50 (1880). — Seng ) ‘ um, Dozy et Molkenboer in Ann. des Se, nai il, 303 (1844), trois. S&F CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 243 Ricrseis, Endlicher, Gen. pl. 57 et 1451 (1836). (Endotrichella. Batpchicn: Schimper in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Corol. XXXII, 4 (1866). NECKERACEAE. C. Mueller in Mohl & Schlechtendal’s Bot. Zeitung 767 (1848). Cryptogonium, Lindberg in Oefers. af Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. ~ Foerhandi. 603 (187 3). GRA rae re y- acium, Weber & Mohr, Taschenbuch, 225 (1804). Neck Hedwig, Fund. hist. muse. II, 38 “17 82). om Neckeria, Scopoli. 1777.) omalia, Bridel, Bryalog. Univ. II, 325 (1827). Omalia. re = Mueller Synops. muse. II, 134 (1851). . ‘at y. arp Bridel, Bryol. Univ. II, 244 (1827). — Roichicdt in der Reise der Novara, Bot.. Theil, 190 Thamnium, Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. 48 (1852). (Flabellari ia.) CYRTOPODEAE. Jalger and Sauerbech in den Verh. den St. Gall., Naturf. Gesellsd. Tl, 131 (1875). ; Cyrtopus, Bridel, Bryol Univ. II, 235 (1827). BESCHERELLACEAE. 8 (Acrophyllaceae, Hampe). ir = ees in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. XI, 141 t. 23). (186 188 Duby in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France 130 t. XX Cadomnios, J. Hooker & Wilson in Fl. N. Zeal. IL., 99 (1855). - CRYPHAEACEAE. Hampe in sao XX, 82 (1847). Ei Cope, iuhert in H v. Magaz. 69, 1095 (1781). Bridel Meth. muse. 139 (1822). Hani n, Schimper in der Bot. Zeitung 377 (1843). — “armed Familles des pl. II, 491 (1763). 29 et % imper et Guembel, Bryol, Europ. fase. 0 asiey” (Schistidium partly.) 244 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, HERPODIACEAE. C, Mueller in der Bot. Zeitung 775 (1843). agnosia Bridel, Bryol Univ. I, pag. XLVI (1826). um). Goniomiteium, J. Hooker & Wilson in Lond. journ. of Bot. V, 142 t. 3 (1846). pagent Montagne in C. Mueller, Synops. muscor, II, 185 (1851). PoLYTRICHACEAE. Hampe in der Linnaea atte 44 (1839). Dawsonia, R. Brown in Transact. Linn. Soc. X, 316 (1811). Pailopilum, Bridel, Bryol. Univ. II, 95 (1827). . ome Ehrhart in Hannov. Mag. 933 (1780). | ric Polytrichadet plus, C. Mueller, synops. muse. I, 301 (1849). Polytrichum, Dillenius, Nov. pl. gen. 85 (17 19), from C. 1623). (1 a Palisot, prodr. aethéog. 39 (1805). BuxXBAUMIACEAE. Greville & Arnott in Mem. of the Werner Soc. V, 72 (1824). Buxbaumia, Haller, Enum. stirp. Helvet. [, 10 (17 42). RHIZOGONIEAE. C. Mueller in der Bot. Zeitung 802 (1847). enodon, J. Hooker & Wilson in Lond. journ. of 548 (1844). v1 (1826). Rhizogonium, Bridel, Bryolog. Univ. I, page XL — Mitten in the proceed. of the Linn. Soc. IV, 94 (1860). Leptobryum, oo Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. eae and 47 (1851). Bot. I, MNIACEAE. C. Mueller, Syn. Muse. I, 152 (1848). Mnium, Dillenius, hist. muse. 230 t. 31, f pee (1824). Leptotheca, Schwaegrichen, Su Ls sec. 1, 135 t “s Leptostomum, R. frown in sa t. Linn. Soc. X, 320 at Aulacomnium, Scheeapiedie spec. mene suppl. ‘tert. t. 2 BryacEA Bridel, Bryolog. Univ. 3 pag. XLIV (1827). 188 ——- Schwaegrichen, sp. muse. suppl. sec. IT, 123, (182 0, Miclichhofera, Hornschuch in Nees & Hornsch Bryol. Germ 179 (1831). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 945 Brachymenium, Schwaegrichen, Suppl. sec. I, 131 t. 135 (1824). illenius, hist. musc. 392, 396, 398, 400, t. 50, fig. 62, 66, 67, 69 (1741). Doliolidium). ebera, Hedwig, fundam. muscor. IT, 95 (1782). ORTHOTRICHACEAE. Bridel, Bryolog, Univ, I, XLIII (1827). godon, Hooker & Taylor, Musc. Brit. 70 (1818). jodonoblepharum, Bridel, Bryol. Univ. I, 746 (1826). ichum, Hedwig, Descr. muse. frond. I, 96 (1789). Jlota, Mohr in F. Weber, tabul. muse. gener. (1813). facromitriura, Bridel, Meth, musc. 132 (1822). chlotheimia, Bridel, Muscolog. recentior. suppl. pars II, 16 (1812). De MOON << PrYCHOMITRIACEAE. Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. II & IIT (1836). Brachysteleum, Reichenbach, Conspect, 34 (1828). (Ptychomitrium, Glyphomitrium, partly). GRIMMIACEAE. Bridel, Bryolog. Univ. II, XLII (1827). tuembelia, Hampe in der Bot. Zeitung 124 (1846). Hedwig, Fundam, hist. musc. II, 89 (1782). oo. comitrium, Bridel, Method. muse. 78 (1822). trium, Dryptodon partly). BARTRAMIACES. Bridel, Bryolog. Univ. II, pag. iG Og (1827). fpithocarpa, R. Brown in Transact, Linn. Soe. XII, 575 (1817). notula, Bartramia partly.) Mio Swartz in Schraders neu. journ. I, 24 (1806). Monotis, Bridel, Bryol. Univ. II, 15 (1827). Breute Bruch, Schimper & Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. 46 et 47 (1851) Bartramia, Hedwig, spec. muse. frond. III, 111 (1792). leesia, Hedwig, Fundam, hist. muse. II, 97 (1782). Bruad SELIGERIACES. Sclives: mper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ, pase. 33-36 (1846). dag Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase. 33-36 f 246 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, BLINDIACE. Hampe in den Verhandl. der nat. Ges. von St. Gallen I, 330 (1870). Blindia, Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Eur, Fase. 33-06 Holomitrium, Bridel, Bryol. Univ. I, p. XLIII et 226 (1826). (Olomitrium Campylopus, Bridel, meth. muse. 71 (1822 ucamptodon n, Montagne i in Ann. des. se. at,, trois sér. IV, 119 345). Dicnemon, Schwaegrichen, Suppl. sec. I, 226, t. 32 (1824). Dicnemonella, Hampe e et ©, Mueller in F. v. M. fragm. XI, suppl: 47 (1880 (Leucodon partly.) Cynontodium, Hedwig, Spec. = 57 (1801). (Cynodontium, Trichostomum m partly. Dichodontium, Bruch, Schimper et Guembel, Bryol. Europ. fase 46 & 47 (1851). Dicranum, Hedwig, Fundam. IT, 91, t. 8 (1782). DITRICHIACER. Leptotrichacew, C. Mueller, synops. muse. I, 415 (1848). Sporledera, Hampe in der Linnaea XVI, 41 (1842). -) Eccremidium, J. Hooker and Wilson in Lond. Journ. of Bot. V, 950 1846). Ditrichium, Timm, Fl. Megapol, num. 777 (1788). — J. Hooker & Wilson in Lond. Journ. of Bot. Il, 543 (1844). (Leptotrichum.) Sprucea, Wilson in J. Hooker, FL. Antarctic I, 128 (1844). (Holomitrium partly. Angstroemia, Bruch, Seer et Guembel, Bryol. XXXII-XXXVI (1846). Dicranella, C. Mueller, Synops. muse. I, 430 (1848). vu, Symblepharis, pees in Annal. duc sc. nat., sec. S&T: eg 252 (1857). Europ. fase. WEISSIACES. 99 Fuernrohr in der Regensb. Fl. II, Ergaenz. IIT, 58 (182 ) Gymnostomum, Banke. fundam hist. muse. I, 87 1 1S, 57 Hymenostomum, R. Brown in Transact . Linn. (1819). Weissia, Hedwig, Fund. hist. muse. I, 83, 90 (1782). Shoot L. ©. Richard in Michanx Fl. Bor. Amer. H, eo 3). 3 | Ceratodon, Bridel, Bryol. univ. I, pag. XLIV et 480 (1828) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 247 CALYMPERE®. Hampe in Lehmann, Pl. Preiss. TI, 116 (1846). Calymperes, Swartz in Schwaegrichen, sp. muse. Suppl. prim. I, 333 (1816). Thyridium, Mitten in the journ. of the Linn. Soc. X, 188 (1868). (Codonoblepharum partly.) Syrrhopodon, Schwaegrichen, spec. muse. Suppl. see. I, 110 (1824). Encalypta, Schreber, Gen. pl. I, 759 (17 91). LEUCOBRYACEZ. ©. Mueller, Synops. Muse. I, 73 (1848). Octoblepharum, Hedwig, spec. muse. frond. III, 15, t. 6 (1792). Leucobryum, Hampe in der Linnaea XIII, 42 (1839). Porriace2é. Bruch et Schimper, Bryol. Europ. IJ, pag. TIE (1843). Pottia, Ehrhart, Beitraege I, 175 (1787). Didymodon, Hedwig, descr. musc. frond. IIT, 8 t. 4 (1796). lypta, Roehling, Deutschlands Moose, 108 (1800). Trichostom edwig, Fund. hist. muse. I, 90 (1782). Barbula, Hedwig, Fundam II, 92 (1782). (Tortula partly. Streptopogon, Wilson in Hooker's Kew Gard. Mise. III, 51 (1851.) Desmatodon, Bridel, meth. muse. 86 (1822). : SPLACHNACES. Greville and Arnott in Mem. Wern. Soc. V., 442 (1826). Splachnum, Linne, amoen acad. II, 263 (1750). Dissodon, Greville and Arnott in Mem. Wern. Soe. V, 461 (1826). (Splachnum ly. partly.) ee Bruch et Shimper, Bryol. Europ. Fase. 23 et 24 ee FuNARIACEE. es ee a Sire Schwaegrichen, spec. muse. suppl I, 441 & 113 Funaria, Schreber, Gen. pl. II, 760 (1791). ae PHASCACEE. reville and Arnott in Mem. Wern. Soc. IV, 139 (1822). Acaul rum, Hampe in der Linnaea VIII (1832). on, C. Mueller in der Bot. Zeitung, 99 (1847). 248 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Phascum, Linne, Phil. bot. 35 (1751). (Astomum partly . Sphaerangium, Schimper, synops. musc. Europ. 13 (1860). Tetrapterum, Hampe in VerhandL der. nat. Ges. zu St. Gallen I 351 (1874). Pleuridium, Bridel, Method. Musc. 10 (1822). Pleurophascum, Lindber erg in Trimen’s Journ. of Bot. vol. IV, 167 (18 SPHAGNACEAE. Du Mortier, Comment. bot. 68 (1822). Sphagnum, Dillenius, Nov. gen. 86, t. 2 (1719). ANDREAEACEE. Reichenbach, Conspect. 31 (1828). Andreaea, Ehrhart in Hannov. Mag. 1601 (1778). The genera of mosses, as adopted here from recent authors, admit of reduction. JUNGERMANNIEZ. Mathieu, Fl. Belg. II, 74 (1853); from J. E. Gray (1821). Jungermannia, Ruppius, Fl. Jen. 345 (1718). Plagiochila, Du Mortier, Révis. des J eugene It IL , 4 (1855) Cheiloscyphos, Corda i in Opiz, Nat ee TE (1829). (1855). F 2 | Mat 1844). ymnanthe, Taylor i in iid sha Noy. pl. pug. oct. I(1 Podanthe, Taylor in Hooker’s Lond. Journ. bot. V, 413 (1846). Lepidozia, Du Mortier, Révis. des Jungerm. 19 (1 835). 3 Pleuroschisma, Du Mortier, Révis. des Jungerm. 19 (18 ) Mastigobryum ts sotachis, Mitten in J. Hooker, FL N. Zeal. Tl, 148 es (1855 Scapania, Du Mortier, Révis. des Jungerm. 14 Me eater Du Mortier, Révis. des Jungerm. 5 (1835). Polyotus, Gottsche, Lindenberg & Nees, Syn. Hepat. se ae Schi u Mortier, Comm. bot. 114 (182 2). -(Sendtnera. ) "Trichocolea, Nees, Eur. Leberm. III, 101-103 (1838)- icholea. ula, Du Mortier, Comm. bot. 112 (1822). ‘Bellincinia, Raddi in Atti soc. Moden. XVII, 18 (1820). (Madotheca. CaS oe teen = CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 249 a Du Mortier, Comm. bot. 112 (1822). Lejeunia, Lit Libert in Ann, gén. sc. phys. VI, 372, t. 5 (er » Frullania, Raddi in Atti soc. Moden. XVIU, 17 & 20 (1820). Fossombronia, Raddi in Atti soc. Moden. XVII, 17 & 40 ~~ Zoopsis, J. Hooker & Taylor in FI. antarct. 167, t. 66 (1845). osm ae nov. pl. gen. 14, t. os — Dilaena, Du Mortier, Comm. bot. 1 14 (1822). os ha Stectzia, Pallavicina. ) “Radi, Atti soc. Moden. XVIII, 45 Heres ‘ aan Micheli sec. Marchant in Act. Acad. Paris. 229 (aout Palisot de Beauvois in Dict. III, 257 (1804). ee eee athoceres, ‘Mi rseadighe Ov. pl. gen. 10, a (1729), — Micheli, Noy. plant. gen. 107, t. 57 (1729). Cclocarpus, Gand rda in Opiz’s = Heedd Tate ahi 651 (1829). (Riccia part] y). LICHENES. Hoffmann, Botanisches Taschenbuch 98 (1795). CoLLEMACEE. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 65 (1858). . 9 (1817). renopsis, Nylander in Mém. Soc. Chérbourg II, 13 (1854). 7 > assalongo, nea genea lichen. 6 (1854). Collema, Weber i in Wiggers, — t. fl. Holsat. 89 Mos ton oblastus, Trevisan, Caratt. d. tr. a4 ee Col m. (1853). Ohm, , Acharins Lichenogr. Univ. 6 54 (1810). m, Wallroth, Fl. eryptog. German. I I, 295 (1831). MYRANGIACE. Myr Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 65 (1858). yMangium, Monta Lond. Journ. gne and Berkeley in Hooker’s Lon of Bot IV, 72 (1845). 250 - CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. EPICONIODES. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 65 (1858). Spherophorus, Persoon in Usteri’s Annal. I, 23 (1794). SSpierophaton. ) CLADONIODER. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 65 (1858). oo lee Montagne and Berkeley in Hooker’s Lond Journ. of Bot. V, 257 (1846). Trichocladia, Stirton in Transact. Royal. Soc, Vict. mee: (1881). Cladonia, Weber in Wiggers, Prim. fl. Holsat. 90 (1780) Beomyces, Ehrhart, Beitraege IV, 149 { — Stereocaulon, Schr eber, Gen. a8, 768 (1791). Heterodea, N ylander, synops. lichen, Nov. Calendon. 9 (1868). RAMALODEAE. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 65 (1858). Eumitria, Stirton in the Scottish Naturalist, July (1881). Usnea, Dillenius, Hist. Muse. 56, t. 11 ( 17 741). a. olia, Acharius in Schecter. enum. lich Europ. 243 (1850). rnia, ‘Ag harius, Lichenogr. Univers. > et 441 (181 oh (Bvemin oe Pl. Lichen. t. 31 (1789), from Adanson re). "'Platism malina, Ashavian Lichenogr. Univers. 122 et 598 (181 0.) Cetraria, ‘Acharius, Method. Lichen., p. XXXV et 292 (1803). PHYLLODEAE. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 66 (1858). Nephroma, Acharius, Lichenogr. ae 101 et 521 asm Peltigera, Willdenow, FI. Berol. 47 (1787 Sti ticta, Schreber, Gen. IT, 768 (1791). Stictina, Nylander, synops. lichen. 333 (1860). Ricasolia, Notaris in Giorn. bot. Ital. II, 178 (1851). Parmelia, Acharius, Meth. lichen. p. "XXXII et 153 (1803). Physcia, Schreber, Gen. IJ, 768 (1791). Pyxine, Fries., Pl. homonem. 267 Ne PLacoip Nylander, Synops. Lhe 66 (1858). Psoroma, Acharius, Lichen, Suec. 21 (1798). Pannaria, Delise in Dict. classiq. XIII, 20 Need: Patellaria, Hoffmann, Pi: Lichen: t 35 pe 1). ium, Hill, History of Plants 96 (1751). 10 Gyalecta, Acharius, Lichenogr. Univers. 30 & 151 (1810). -_ GENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 951 Psora, Hoffmann, Pl. Lichen. t. 22 & 41 (1789). rpia, Persoon in Freyc. voy. bot. 206 (1826). Lecanora, Acharius, Lichenogr. Univers. 77 & 344 (1810). opisma, Notaris in Giorn. bot. Ital. II, 198 (1851). Thelotrema, Acharius, Method. Lichen. p. XXXII & 130 (1803). Ascidium, Fee, Cryptog. écore. 96, t. 1 (1824) idea, Acharius, Method. Lichen. p. XXX & 32 (1803). Opegrapha, Persoon in Usteri’s Annal. I, 23 (1794). Graphis, Adanson, Famill. II, 11 (1763). Coenogonium, Ehrenberg in hor. phys. Berol. 120, t. 27 (1820). Chiodecton, Acharius in Transact. Linn. Soc. XII, 43, t. HI (1815). PYRENOIDEAE. Nylander, Synops. Lichenum 67 (1858). Endocarpon, Hedwig, Stirp. eryptog. II, 56, t. 20 (1789). — Weber in Wiggers, primit. flor. Holsat. 85 (1780). Teographa, Fee, Cryptog. ecore. 58, t. 16 (1824). Fries in Kongl. Acad. Handl. II, 323 (1821). Pyrenula, Acharius, Lichenogr. Univers. 64 & 314 (1810). lagiothelium, Stirton in Transact. Roy. Soc. Vict. XVII, 75 (1881), CELIDIEAE. Massalongo, Miscell. Lichenolog. (1856). Abrothallus, Notaris in d’Orbigny, Dict. Univ. @hist. nat. VIL, 350 (1849), : FUNGI de Jussieu in Mem. de Acad. Paris 377 (1728). HYMENOMYCETES. : Fries, Syst. mycol. I, p. LIII (1821). (Sarees Dillenius in Linné, syst. nat. 9 (1735), from Dioscorides. Coprinus, Persoon, Tentam. dispos. meth. fung. 62 (1797). Comntins, — Epicrisis syst. mycol. 253 (1838). Ber Cou: + ersoon, . . p 16 & 2 ( tine ts) ynops. meth. fung. p. 16 ( 7. US Fries, G Hy €s, Genera Hymenomycet. 8 (1836). Tacarine Fries, Epicrisis 320 (1838). = Candolle, Fl. frang. I, 141 (1805). 252 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, Russula, Persoon, Observ. mycol. I, 100 (1796). Cantharellus, Persoon, Tentam. dispos. fung. 26 (1797). (Cantarellus. ) Marasmius, Fries, Epicrisis 3 72 (183 Lentinus, Fries, Plantae hemonomeae = (1825). Panus, Fries, Epicrisis 396 (183 tens Fries, Elench. I, 48 (Xerotes). a Fries, Observ. _ (Schizophyl Lenzites, Fries, Epicrisis 403 (1838), mycol. I, 103 (1815). (1838). Strobilomyces, "Berkel ey in Hooker’s Kew Mise. III, 78 (1851). letus, Dillenius in Linne, Syst. nat. 9 (1735) from Plinius. Polyporus, Micheli, Nov. pl. Trametes, iss Epierisis 488 Ate Fun Daedalea, Pers en. 129, t. 70 & 71 (1829). 8). p- XVII & rg (1801). Hexagona, Polini, Pl. Nov. 5: 35 (181 (Hexagonia. ) avolus, Fries, Syst. mycol. I, 342 rap ¥, 533 Laschia, Fries in Linnaea Merulius, Haller, Enum, stirp. Porotheleum, Fries, erv. 1830). Helv. I, 33, (1742), from Boerhaave. mycol. U, 272 (1818). ydnum, Linne, Syst. edit. sens 32 (1740). yst ‘yicion Fries, pl. homonem 81 xX Nistotrems, Persoon, Tentam Phlebia, Fries, Syst. mycol, I, Kneifi, Fries, Epicrisis 529 (18 28 (1797). 426 (1821). 1838). a, Fries, Epierisis 527 (1 ain Odontia, esac: Tent. disp. 30 (17 astern Persoon, Obsery. mycol. tL 39 (1796). (Cratere petal ket in Freycinet, voy. Bot. 176 (1826). (Cymatoderm Fe Léveillé in @’ Thelephora, Ehrhart in Roth. Orbigny beer ar 487 cee Fl German I, 5 788). Saath Tode, fung. Medklenb. select. t. ec $90) tereum, Persoon, Gis. mycol. I, 35 (1796 Hymenochaeta, Léveillé in ha dea oc. mat. ¥, A041 (1846). (Hymenochaete. ) Auricuiaria, Bulliard, Herbier de > France, I, 36, t. 290 (1187) Corticium, Fries, Epicrisis 556 (1838). ae Hypochnus, Fries, Observ. mycol. mrs 278 (1818). 5, Leop. Corol 2 Dichonemia, Blume et Nees i in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. XIII, 11 (1826). (Dictyonema. mak: phella, Fries, syst. mycol. IT, 201 (1823). Solenia, Ho offmann, Bot. Taschenb. t. 8 (1795). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 253: Clavaria, Vaillant, Botanicon Parisionse 39, t. 8 (1727), Calocera, Fries, syst. ce I, 485 (1821). ‘Tremella, Hudson, FI. — 565 ee Exidia, Fri Hirneola, Fries, pl. homonem. 93 (18 Guepinia, Fries, pl. homonem. 92 tis Gyrocephalus, Persoon in Mém. de la oo Linné Paris, II, 77 (1825). Dacryomyces, — syst. der Pilze 89 (1816). Sebacina, Tulas: annal. des scienc. nat. cing. sér. XV, 225 t. X (1872). GASTEROMYCETES. Fries, syst. mycolog. I, pag. XLVIII (1823). Phaloy, Dien Desvaux, Journ. is Botanique IT, 92 (1809) 1 Clathrus, Micheli, Nov. pl. sen. 213, ‘t, 93 (1 739) Aseroé, Labillardiere, Voy. & réch. de La Perouse I, 44, t. 12 (1798), (Aseiroe. ) Anthurus, iis: in F. v. Mueller, Fragm. XI, 89 (1880). Lysurus, Fries, syst. mycol. II, 285 (1823). oe My n, Tulasne in Ann. des, Science. nat. trois. sér. II, 114 ium, Kun. unze in Regensb. fl. = (18-40). Xplopodium, Montagne in Ann. dese. nat. trois, sér. IV, 364 Bao, Fries, “ine mycol. IIT, 62 (1829). (184 3) i Bickel in Hooker's Lond. Journ. of Bot. II, 421 cere age in Hooker’s Lond. Journ. of Bot. VI, 508 Persoon, Tentam. dispos. 6 (1797). odea, retin lyces, Nees, Syst. der Pilze ee Alheods (1889 erma, Berkehy in Journ. of t Soc. XVIII, 386 Menta Persoon in Usteri’s Ann, IX, 134 (1795). ersoon, Pp XIV et 129 (1801) Geaster, Micheli, Nov. pl gen — t. 100 (1727 brs B Persoon, Tentam, 6 (1797) from Seopoli. (1777) n, Tournefort, Frat 563 t. 331 (1700). (83) » Desvaux in Ann. des. se. nat. see. sér. XVII, 143, causa, De Cando Fl. frane. V 103 (1815) from Desportes. Fersoon, Synops. Fung. p. XIIV et 150 (1801). 254 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, — hnion, Schweinitz in Schrift. der nat. Ges, Leipzig 14 (1822), Hymenogaster, Vittadini, Tuberac. 30 (1831). Hydnangium, Wallroth in Corda, Icon. fung. V, 28 (1842), Gautiera, Vittadini, Tuberac. 25 (1831). Octaviana, Vittadini, Tuberac. 15 (1831). Paurocotylis, Berkeley in J. Hooker, Fl. N. Zeal. II, 188, t. CY, 9 (1855 Cyathus, Haller, Hist, stirp. Helvet. III, 127 (1768). 3 Crucibulum, L. R. et Ch. Tulasne in Ann. es sc. nat. trois. I, 89 (1844). Sphaerobolus, Tode, Fung. Mecklenburg. I, 43 (1790). Myxomyceres, Wallroth, Fl. erypt. Germ. II, 333 (1833). Physarum, Persoon in Usteri’s Ann, IX, 5 (1795). Badhamia, Berkeley in Transact. Linn. Soe. XXI, 148 and 150 1853 Aethalium, Link in Berl. M ag. IIT, 24 (1809). Fuligo, Haller, Hist. stirp. Helvet. III, 110 (1768). Arcyria, Hill, Gener. nat. Hist. 47 (1751). Lycogala, Micheli, Noy. pl. gen. 216, t. 95 (1729). Trichia, Haller, Hist, stirp. Helvet. 114 (1768). Perichaena, Fries, Pl. Homonem. 141 (1825). Licea, Schrader, Nov. gen. pl. 16 (1797). Hemiarcyria, Fries, Syst. mycol. IIT, 183 (1829). toz0en a Rostafinski, Versucheines Systems der Myce (1873). CoNIOMYCETES. Martius, Fl. erypt. Erlang. 308 (1717). Sphaeronema, Fries, Observ. mycol. 187 (1815). Phoma, Fries, Novit. fl, Suec. 80 (1819). Excipula, Fries, Syst. mycol. II, 189 (1823). — Perscon in Usteri’s Ann. IX, 25 ( es F ang: ‘, 69 , , 69 Sort aes Desmaziéres in Ann. dessc. nat. sec. Se ss, os 1834). Aecidium, Persoon in J. F. Gmelin Syst. nat. II, 1472 (179) Bispora, Corda, Icon. Fung. I, 9, t. 2 (1837). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 255, Roestelia, Rebentisch, Prodr. fl. Neomarch. 350, t. 2 (1804). Cronartium, Fries, Observ. mycol. I, 220 (181 5). Trichobasis, Léveillé in d’Orbigny, Dict. XII, 785 (1849). (1816). a | Puecinia, Micheli, Nov. pl. gen. 213, "6. 92 (1728 3). Melampsora, Castagne, Catal. des. pl. de Marseille 206, t. 5 1845). Cystopus, Léveillé in Ann. des sc. nat. trois, ser. VIII, 371 1 Sorosporium, Rudolphi in Linnaea IV, 116, t. 2 (1829). (Schizo- rtly.) derma part Ustilago, Dadian, Synops. oe 224 (1801). ecaphora, Fingerhut in Linna , 230 (1835). en Ch. “Telesis in oc rae se. nat. ae sér, VII, 112 nium, Link in Berl. Mag. IIT, 21 (1809). HypHomyceres. Martius, Fl. crypt. Erlang. 334 (1817). = Parson, oo disp. 41 (1797). tilbum, Tod Fung. Meckl. select. I, 10, ¢ enim, Link in dem Berl, Mag. IIT, 10 (et Aspergillus, Micheli, Nov. pl. gen. 212, t. 91 (1729). °sporium, Martius, Fl. erypt. Erlang. 325 (1817). 16). ] ] lium, Link in Ber wn, Link in dem Berl. Mag Ili, 1809). Heh Porium, Link in dem Berl Meg. Vil, 37 (1816). M thosporium, Persoon, Mycol. Eur. i, A leccs um, Corda, Teon. Fung. I, 12, t. 3 (1837). Pilacre, Fri tsoon, Observ. paket I, 98-¢ : en Pl. homonem, 364 (1824). x ieghem & Monnier in annal. des sc. nat. cing. sé Vit. 298 (1873), cote Link in dem Berl. Mag. III, 12 (1809). um, Corda, Leon Fung. V, 18 & 55, t. 2 (1842). eli, Nov. pl. gen. 215, t. 95 (1729). 256 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Phycomyces, Kunze, Mycol. Hefte II, 113 (1823). Antennularia, Reichenbach, Consp. 5 (182 8). (Antennaria.) Endogone, Link in dem Berl. Mag. IIT, 33 (1809). ASCOMYCETES. Fries. Pl. homonem. 50 (1825). Helvella, Linné, Spec. pl. edit. sec. 1649 (1763). (Elvela, 1737). Leotia, Hill, General. nat. hist. IT, 43 (1751). Mitrula, Fries, Syst. mycol. * 491 (1821). Geoglossum, Persoon in Usteri’s Ann. IX, 11 (1795). Peziza, Ray, Hist. pl. III, 18 & 479, t. 24 (1704). met Berkehy in the journ. of the Linn. soc. XVII, 388 (Phillips in) Helotium, Tode, Fung. a select. I, 22, t. 4 (1790). Chlorosplenium, Fries, Summ. veg. Scand. Tl, 356 (1849). noe Fries, Pl. fhaasiosces 154 (18 25). (Notihydnum. Gyttaria, Berkley in the Transact. of the Linn. Soc. XIX, 40, t IV (1841). Ascobolus, Persoon in J. F. Gmelin, Syst - II, 1461 (1791). Bulgaria, Fries. Syst. mycol. II, 166 (18 Ombrophila, Fries, Summ. veg. Scand. iL “307 (1849). Cenangium, Fries, Syst. mycol. II, 158 (1823). dion. Lecani Hysterium, Tode, Fung. Meckl. select. I, 30, t. 6 (1790). = Glonium, Muehlenberg, Catal. pl. Amer. septentr. 101 (1813) tires Persoo oon, Observ. mycol. II, 73 (1799). rdyceps, Fries, Syst. mycol. II, 323 (1823). (Conde, 1818.) Lhe Fries, Syst. mycol. IT, 323 ( ra | ectria, Fries, Pl. wae, 105 1825 | Xylaria, J. E. Gra; t. arrangem \ . of Brit. pl. I, 510 (1821). | Poronia, Gleditsch, on st. plant, 303 '(1764). oe Hypoxylon, Link, "Hond geen Erkenn. der Gew. III, 348 (1833) Hill, 175 (Xylaria, -- _ i (1844). ia, otaris, enno Pirenom. Melogramma, Fries, Summ. veg. vrei 386 (1849). Gibbera, Fries, Pll homonem. 11 10 (18 Dothidea, Fries, Observ. mycol. IT, sa “Lsi8). -. Diatrypa, Fries, Pl. homonem. 106 LS Valsa, Adanson, Familles des plantes I, 9 (17 763). Sphaeria, Haller, Hist. stirp. Helvet. tli, 121 (1768). (Cucurbitaria.) CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, 257 Sphaerella, Fries, Summ. veg. Scand. TI, 395 mg Ceratostoma, Fries, Observ. mycol. IT, 337 (1818). Asterina, Léveillé in Ann. des. s c nat trois. sér. ITT, 59 (1845), Meliola, Fries, Pl. homonem. 111 (18 25). Rytisma, Fries, Syst. mycol. II, 565 (1823). ALGAE. Roth, Tentam fl. German III, 438 (1800). I. FUCOIDEAE. J. Rig, Alg. mediterr. 24 (1842) from Agardh (1817). ) elanospermeae largely. FUCEAE. J. Agardh, species, genera et ordine’s Algarum, J, 180 (1848). from Agardh (1824). ) gardh, (Pterocaulon, Carpacanthus, Fucus pa rtly.) Turbinaria, Lamouroux in Dict. class. VII, 161 (1825). Seirococcus, Greville, Alg. Britannic. p. XXXIV (1830). partly, Sg partly.) Carpophyllum, Greville, Alg, Britannic, p. XX XID (2830). 3 Greville , Alg. Britannic. pp XXXIV (1830). (y Stoseira, ira, partly, Facn us partly. yllospora, Agardh in Act. Rout Caes, Leop. XIX, 311 (1839). anaes agg partly.) ee Cast ay é, VI ( a Alg. Britannic, p. XXXVI (1830). (Cyshentt® Areschoug in Act. Ups. ser. tert. I, 334 (1855). perely) Fucus partly.) “ Linnaea XV, 3 (184 (Blaser, Platylobium, Cystoseira partly, Fucus partly, Phyl- lotric cha, Sa . ser. tert, I, 335 (1855). 8 (1848). — S< ee a partly. e ce. Alear. I, 50 (1821 Fucus, ‘sine & a oe hist. — III yeti: t. 8 1699 "258 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, Myriodesma, Descaisne in Archiv. du Mus. IT, 148 (1841). (Dietyopteris ae Rhodomela partly, Dictyomenia partly.) a n Dict. class. IX, 192 (1826). igrveph yeu Saati partly, Fucus partly.) Solachnidium, Greville, Alg. Britan. p. XXXVI (1830). (Dumontia. Notheia, Bailey & Harvey in J. Hooker, fl. N. Zeal. II, 215,t 855). SPOROCHNEAE. J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ordin. ye I, 160 (1848), from Meneghini (183 Carpomitra, Kuetzing in Linnaea Sid 97 (1843). ee partly.) Bellotia, Harvey in Ann. & Mag. of nat. hist. sec. ser. XV, 332 1855). Encyothalia, Harvey, Phycolog. Austral. IT, t. 62 (1859). Nereia, Zanardini in Giorn. bot. Ital. II, 41 Sporochnus, Agardh, Synops. Algar. pag. XII et 10 (1817). 5 Chnoospora, J. Agardh in Ocfvers. Kongl. Vet. Akad. Foe rh. IV, 1847): Desmarestia, Lamouroux in Ann. du Mus. XX, 43 (1813). LAMINARIEAE. © - J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. Alg. I, 121 (1848), from Bory (1824) Macrocystis, Agardh, Spec. Alg. I, 46 (1821). Ecklonia, Hornemann % in Act Aca ea Hafniens, III, 379 (1828). DICTYOTEAE. J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. Alg. I, 68 (1848), from Greville, ( Haliseris, Targioni in Amoen. “Ital. 314 (18 Padina, Adanson, Familles des plantes II, 13 3 (1763). — ae Agardh i in Linnaea XV, 444 (18 41). um, Dictyota partly, Phycopteri ris.) bospira, Areschou ug in Aik Ube ser, tert. I, 363 (1855). (Metachroma.) Taonia, J. Agardh, Spec. Fucoid. 101 (1848). (Spatoglossum. Cutleria, Greville, Alg. Britan. 60 f 1 ~ )- Dictyota, Lamouroux in Desvaux. rn. de Bot. II, 38 a) Stilophora, Agardh in Regensb. Flora TL, 642 (1847). oe) 0). osiphon, Greville, Al Britannic, 55 A Asperococcus, famonienk a 277 sis Hydroclathrus, Bory in Dict. class. VILL, n 419 9 (is) (Halodictyon, Encoelium.) 1830). CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 259 CHORDARIEAE. J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. Algar. I, 45 (1848), from Harvey (1836.) Adenocystis, J. Hooker and Harvey in Fl. Antarct. I, 179 (1845). Aperococcus partly. Chorda, Stackhouse in Ann. du Mus. XX, 46 (1813). Liebmannia, J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 34 (1842). oh Agardh, Synops. Algar. pag. XXXVII et 126 Cladosiphon, Kuetzing in der Linnaea XVII, 96 (1843). Chordaria, Agardh, Synops. Algar. pag. XII et 12 (1817). Myriocladia, J. Agardh. in der Linnaea XV, 48 (1841). Leathesia, J. E. Gray, Arrang. of Brit. pl. I, 301 (1821). (Corynephora. ) Myrionema, Greville, Scot. Crypt. Flor. t. 300 (1827). EctTocaRPEAE. J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. Alg. I, 7 (1848), from Agardh (1824). Cladostephus, Avardh V (1817 gardh, Synops. Algar. pag. XXV ( ). aay Lyngbye, Tentam. hydrophyt. Dan. 103, t. 30-32 9). ttocarpus, Lyngbye, Tentam. hydrophyt. Dan. 130, t. 42-44 (1819), Heterophycus, Trevisan, Saggio delle Alghe. coccotalle 101 (1848). (Desmotrichum.) Il. FLORIDEAE. J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 54 (1842) from Lamouroux (1813). (Rhodospermeae largely.) J CERAMIEAF. “Agardh, Spec. gen. et ord. Alg. II, 1 (1851) from Bonnemaison : (1822.) piulithamnion, Lyngbye, Tent, Hydroph. Dan. 123 (1819). Griff Harvey in Hooker’s Journ. of Bot. II, 191, t. 9 (1840). Pil thsia, Agardh, Synops. Algar. pag. XXVIII (1817). (Rhoden arth, Synops. Algar. pag. XIX & 39 (1817). T partly.) (Carpet 2's Harvey in Hooker, Icon. plant. DCLXII (1844). Crcathamnion, ") J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 83 (1842). egal in Ann, & Mag. of nat. hist. XV, 334 (18955). 260 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. Dasyphila, Sonder in Mohl et Schlechtendal’s Bot. Zeit. 52 (1843). ——— Montagne in Ann. des se. nat. sec. ser. XVIII, 258 Drachipcladia, Sonder in — XXIII, 514 (1854). Ceramium, Agardh, Synops. Algar. p. XXVI et 60 (1817). — Kuetzing i in Linnaea XV, 731 & 741 (1841). CRYPTONEMEAE. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. algar. II, 223 (1851), from Decaisne 1842 ac) J. Agardh in Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. 87 (1847). (Senstom J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 66 et 89 (1842). Grateloupia, Agardh, pec. Alg 23 221 (1 Prionitis, J. Agardh, Spec gen g. Il, 189 (1851). n. et ord. a tas sir J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 100 (1842). oclonium, Kuetzing in der Linnaea, XVII, 101 (1849) Maeceaccn: ) GIGARTINEAE. J. Agardl, spec, gen. et ord. alg. II, 229 (1851), from Bory Tridaea. peu in Dict. class. IX, 19 (1826). Rhodoglossum, J. Agardh, Spec. a et ord. Alg. TI, 183 a Gigartina, Stackhouse in Mem, Soc. de Mose _ IL, 65 & (1809). Gymnogongrus, Martius, Enum. pl. Brasil. I, 27 (1833). Stenogramma, vietiy & in Beechey’s voy. Bot. 408 (1841). (Delessertia partly. Kallymenia, J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 98 (1842). Mesias: olycoelia, J. Agardh, Oefvers (1849 Callophyllis, Kuetzing in der of eee XVII, 102 (1848). NemaAstTom ae Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. algar. i, 160 (1851), from Rabe = ne (1847), an 180 a “t 893), Bonnemaison in journ. de Phys. : izzophlaea, J. Agardh, Spec. gen. et ord. Alg. 11, 253 Coe i (Dasyptiloce het ) “an Halosaccion, Kuetzing in der Linnaea XVII, 106 ( CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. 261 SPYRIDIEAE. Agardh, spec. gen. et ord. algar. II, 327 (1851), from Sonder (1852), pyridia, Harvey in Hooker’s Brit. Fl. fifth edit. II, 336 (1841). (Binders 1841.) ARESCHOUGIEAE. de Endlicher, Gen. pl. Suppl. II, 44 (1843.) sae partly, Gelidium partly.) CHAMPIEAE. J. Agardh, “xe gen. et ord. algar. III, 290 (1876), from Kuet. zing (184 Horea, ines in Eeanes ct. Roy. Tri sh Acad. XXII, 555 (1855). Fauchea, Bory & Montagne, Fl. d’Alger 64 t. 16 (1846). Chyl ocladia, Greville in Hooker’s Brit. Fl. sec. ed. II, 297 (1833). {(Lomentaria part partly. la, Desvaux, journ. de Bot. I, 245 (1808). “RHODYMENIEAE. 7 get spec. gen. et ord. algar. III, 307 (1876), from Harvey irmenoclactia J. Agardh, spec. gen. et ond. alg. a 772 (1863). osaccion, wagsbtag Phycol. Austr. II, t. 83 (18 59). Nessa partly.) hrysymenia, J. Agardh, Alg. Mediterr. 105 (1842). Gastrocloni ae J. Agardh in Harvey’s Ner. Bor. Am. IL, 155 53). enia, Greville, Alg. Britannic, 84 (1830). (Acrpeltis S) pimerocobeur. partly. europhyllis, Zanardini § in Rogemb, oe i. 31 (1874). Pig hia, Ku Alg. 787 (1849). “merge, Lamour in Ans dy us. ® XX, 137 (1813). ora, Thamnocarpus. ) peswia, Lyngbye, Tent, ‘Hydrophyt. Dan. 33 (1819). Callblephar saa ia Soe ara | 1S Amaran 201 Amaryllid 230 Amblysperma ference § Amblystegi 41 sembring. <\aieadiee eter 200 d An A ee “et URO c S Amomu 229 Amoora 191 Amorphophallus ............... 233 Amorphospermum .....,..... ~ 220 PERO tic RO Amphibolis ......... Secon 233 Amphibromus .................. 238 A icOsmMia ....... oe ee 240 Amphipogon 237 Amphi 262 Am sigh eoetiane ee eae Amphodus.... ii ilies vedeats ee imphora 269 Radian 269 Anacalypta Citar, tf Anacardiaceae ....2............. 199 d eni 212 Anadyomene 267 Anagallis 219 A ia. 235 oe 4 Ancistrum i SS “Andersonia 227 oy ng OTe 3 é vn th bs hs fe be 8 tennularia.......+ \ntheidosorus .... eric ...,..e-+00% ooeeeeen sishotrodhe seca en urus : E 5 fn ai 3 =a Prob>b>bibbibbbpbpibbbpbbibbpbbrbrbbbhbbpbibbb eB aaa 4 1 B : 2 ae ’ eee eee eee eee eee - Araliaceae Pt * ts eee eee ee eee eee ee eee | Pee eee eee eee Bene erent eees - Anecongia aa 3 ie ea _ Arescho eee eee eee ee a PRs o PAGE. 189° - ‘ & Peete ee % - eee cece PCr \therocephala \therosperma .....-.cse.cise-us thrixia so ceseeeeteehes ee — et fe nn he Pi Pe + ct i Dente renee teen eee . h reeeneee Dh vec ecnacaceusenersnesees LYEOROYORR. 5 .<0i

Calophyllum ......s.:0.-++resesee Calor ot cana roo best teeb nt clumpligl eee es Caloste { alostoy us, Calot ph Be eee ene nee er ee am andeecevensives ampyaes = aenbanbaay ampynema naptomeceesoned eee e ne reeee vm 5 So ica ale ‘andolleac ‘ anse ansjera ... ant arellus ..... 2.0.+2+se1seee thium 1» corde snnshtadbepensohs Mise ap see adien seseesonsuuwannens wt wees a ae HEE poke seeeeereeneeeenserenanes Sentnesechous oesene « Cardwell ceccnnmee —, Careya 198 ag ' by Bases Carissa . “ - ¥ Cariaihasta cE eI ds ——— leveeeeneeeerentenee 903" Bags as seseevesesdonteens DOGOHED 5.55.62 sewsassdangiowd oo poetht petidaeaae ar" ar orto aA Sighis pe BRlbaes wh : ws Onia tonema e ( ( ei, sryophylese wins dees eda { c ( ( Castanospermum ........:...605 Castanospora -Castraltia ( ( i ina MPIICAGS cS sv ceess sive esey ast atakidozamia ....c.cccssesevece Catarm Catenella ee heii. y - C: . Peet eee eee es a : ‘Getichras Bs Ase: as e eS eraeeedes Centella entipe: Centotheca ae FOLHAMMNION 7.6 sn yee eet en row enee be ee ewes ; . Cer tran theron ‘at pet mene : PAGE. | ae ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee a ee ee ee PEREEEEEEEEE gee 8a 8 ow ener pad Ree es seeeee Booey oer Steen Cee eee eLY i rey Sebo eVet ew sdeeteces Some s Choripetal pe eae hypogy rigynae Glematis s Ladinne oi cccaevab eevee “Gerona cep dotaaal Clian: Clidanthers NTT ee a. Cliftonaea w yea S Cliftonia ’ Climacium Clinostigma ,.........00sciedie Clitoria : Cloezi losterium ‘oatesia ( Bas ieee entegiog ( el sh cconema. Cocculus ‘ Cochlospermum ....4....:+444 08... ( erste Siena apicenaticwok: OdONOCATPUS «.....eseeeeeeees lachne OelEbOGYNE ......seeecseevervees teas inle oelospermum ... ..--.++5+06+++ ceo genio sexkcpeyess ( seein, rege pepe eee =) o yrs ‘ Coleanthera ..,...+...ssse02ese eocoma eostylis eus Paid’ lema. .. awete TEMACEAE ........c cence ebewes odin: od. onobhasihacaela rn AB, she Pe uae Diaisvendtislaibaseeete sti as o re wi j eae : , : Pee epee ‘ 278 CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA, © ’ PAGE PAGE : Conomitrium.............00...... 241.| C 262 Conospermum ........... 21 Crucibulum ee ( tephiopsis ........... aa Cruciferae . 19 Conostephium. 0,-0.0 0s desse. Cryphaea 3 omum 245 aeaceae . nos ylis 230 ia ; 225 Conothamnus ............0.00.. 208 | © dia sah 209 Convolvulaceae..... 221 | Cry ioe 1B , Convolvulus ......... at 221 | Cryptogonium de { , 915 Cryptonemia 260 prinus 251 . 260 ~ Coprosma 213 tos: 02 oe 4. i 262 | Cryptostemon ........./ii06 = i 262 * ... Corallocephalus ................ 267 | Ctenodus . 262 ‘ a 262 ‘aucumis . 2 Corchorus 195 | Cucurbitaceae 214 ‘ 224 ucurbitaria ... . 256 : ( 256 | Cudrania - 256 | Cu mec: Cordylecladia ......... Ati Oe hae 4 i 231 | Curculigo oe Corethrostylis .....;........... - 195 | Curcuma 262 . iridoohlow 5k ea on ae Curdiea .... 22 ( eae 213. | Cascuts. inno a a a ae ee esther work 192 | Cutlerta. ..,..ecces asnene 305 orticium 252 | Cuttsia 996 Cortinaria ... 251 |. yanostegia Btls ae Corybas .... 229 | « es a Corymbis .. 229 | 4 oO case Seep 28 Corymbo ee mt a ( yathodes = re nrthon Say be 236 rynecladia 265 ri (inane 216 . rynephora 259 ( rthopeppus vot ibeneneaned 24) Corynotheca ..................... 232 | COyathophorum .......-+--++++ 26 Corypha 234 | Cyathopsis — ......-++--srseree a fi r Syathus ...--..cseecermee Gag { io L 229 Cy cies Ee = y oeeeer : : Cotula.. 217 | Cyclotella ... ate: 21 - Covellia ..... 196 Cyclotheca.......-+--» me BB - iola ..... ; a = a raspedia Wii ; 52. Craterella .. Po SESS Sones aaheelpaan remo a =3 ae hi Mea EET Skea Saeng e eo mae ; Ra -Cronartium eh reer Oe S |<, emindabccnwmenee ices ae Ar reer ins 30 fet, 80 206 Delessertieae ........... Sache lis: fa Delisea Dendrobium ... ns nadine pane Dendro-Leskea 15: pcapatoeaecans n & eve EES 5 2 aii) g Depart Deplan neti nab eid Mason neat ee pase 5 ke eaten : eRe sacapeneasebonpnanane JESTATESTIA —....-. ee eestesnse ever Jesmatodon ........ gous besalcks * teas Rept evcubsinsee CALPIdiUM ......+-0eereeeeeeee COR Soden k sbediaeanen d ichodontium tussmeneeees ‘ Dichon ndra nee eee ee eee eeeeeee Dichonemia certainties ate Dicho: age DE a Sete see 210 ve Dichopogon | -....:s00.-s5-t9 232 Dichosema parece eeeeee 202 bachys <.s)snaenes ee - wv cKSOnIa ...:.- sah nsipat eee hee oe be aman iis Sanna nega ! Dicnemonella.........+6:0622+++ . 246 : 187 : B Be | BEES yee a3 Hi maw oe Dictyonema ete Dictyophora .....:-:eseneerereee ietyopteri 340, Dictyor Peat 3 nie da aE? igi pit taghtat tee OEE RE 25 ents bon aay Dilleniaceae See Saket EAT ene. oo ole isu an EY : rum .... Diplanthera Siar Diplarrhena. ............4000..08 230 1S. ‘ Pet ee teeter ere eee ee tenn ee eee one t eet eee Suclracaptticn Disarrhenum eer see dacdesn suse tse veby ie ee ee ited ete eae ee) } itrichium eee er : jocidinan 5 cit } sani Doli ved eeds t0ep Rae peee J seep oo i Dolichos ck AB d lokam De ee mati conerereeee Dopatrium ........--creeeceseetiee See see beeeep eae eee re o PS 2 2 errr es F Dra sarees d acophyliam cubic becveestanta ee eb erer eee ae penneereereee os ¢: ane ~~ s aeeeeee eed teuml’ beoel 4 Loel } wae by Dees . . . ere pee t : ; ee as sym eeeeee ae tee ee eee ee eree rechtites remaea Amber Et aon aa ophila % stb e ewe ewer en eee 7 jidns E remopyxis Wereee, verer Enrnr remosyn ~ riachne = *. i Seid “lena ricaceae : GODLY EDES: 5.5.25 .. Aie cates geron ocalia eae eecewenenennanrese Ca ec shar heed j chats ‘ ; OchlaMys ....4....sese0-are0s ochloa ocladium . 22. 28.8. ‘ io) ‘iadebandec> = Deeaeane deabeeeceresteversaee Erioste mon. Erodiophylium Erodium seeeneneaeenseaeseens peaeeene ae tees eee ium rcibe sidanssiwnbdssaaanedeonened um . PAGE. paces cores 226 Epacris 226, BNSees issuibei : # g ue ite Bessie aS . te nape ee } eds as Eucheum e 264 | Fieldia ; Buchilus. ete ct rad ee | ICES Euchiton 215 2 re 206) 1] 23 » 2 339 smi 208 | | hibesateie £1.kpe-nteeagon eal geal ernla 250 | Bischera ....:.-...c 5s : _ Euodia 192 | Fitzroya...... Peery eid ACOUFHICAL | 4s .scnncsrecarpeorerne age — ais econ ' OP a ERC ean ie onen Roeine S| utassa 227 . ] 203 Euxolus 201 page dag ee UE, 250 . Evolvulns FEO ORR RRRTCS tice Tae! 4 4 vonymus 199 Pabronis ACHES Shee 2: co A eee eee e ene eee ‘ ‘lyphomitriom.......tes 245° ‘melina 226 Gnaphalium ......c6..c1i0kcc, 21 -Gnaphalodes .... 1c. 216 Gnephosis 216 . Gongronems ...sinsicnee Ra” romphandra 211 RUE dvisnh scp acdesleld ae omph renee sawegecianer aa lia 3, oodyera “ rOSsypiumM......... ecu ee ss a8 C- racilatia 262, 263 : 236 ammatopora mmato: eae I 940 . cane id See Ce ee rea rpton PUREE TE AOE serie z 4 reev rewia . ‘ .. 195 riffithsia ... 259, 264 Wier Ksuaee es ‘rimmiac cicdons. <<00e Guembelia ....... ied Loa ance MCPIMIA. ......2..-esrseveseveseeee ‘uettarda paettardella <......-1-s-..- rabies icomniie Sica epi ee ees oe . yt - reer ae Gar sOnbh o.oo nce sews ccoapecoeness? i oo rs Guttiferae .......2...secereeeees sciesoae it pie SME oe Haem Hakea Halfordia : Halimeda Haliseris SPO ; Hal um ‘PAGE, _ @ymnogongrus ...... soso 260, 262 ys ae nogongru 240 Py : ion ; » Halymeda MELE ec pee tae Si eich opiates / Hamamelidene in : ee ee gies de evaded soe seetenteearecdeceeges . . + oe nd Mebane © ' Harrisonia Me aa ache ee we Whrekedee bees thee ee ee ee oi is) nthostachys ..... yllum opus othrix gee 20T7TOT TOTO O 2 [5 eee e eee Seer Ke gee sngees oes eseey ALCYTIA ...eeeeceeseemesette a orrhena ety Ee Ege? : Hien $00 eeeewwene credo |) "108 , ses 198 - CENSUS OF Pecnen! INDIGENOUS 10 svsmeataa. oper 230 torreeres eee lroclathrus :..... lrocoléum © <1..:Jiceuney Oe eee eee rocotyle . a \ertsgnenseanbenieee , ve 1 eee Pe eee eee eres EH Hypericum ‘Hyphomycetes .. pe ele ss Hypoglossum Hypo. pee eee ener ar eeeeee plaena eT ae Hypolepis: cay el Gos | pevendeverepsensecses Mretied can obec iaaiOe HOS BBE 235 ni 5 Dietema sd: ah cesks sada cm elon Cer dueliatabbess EOGICEYON: pe ceseevs cee vanes ye Byesithe ; ; BOE is ie ticawela tect Tllipe Mloxporiam Scar: evel coiak ere eee eee) brea fe eee nd weal - Inoderma Tonidium | ae eran Stee FOE RR Ree eee eee evinces. Seen e eee Bee mee eee ween ee Remar ee en eee Tee ee eee eee ef cungyts esata seateney siesta : mechane xiochlamys xiolaena xodia: xora i - i q xiosporum =] ] docksomia Rist Jambo 3 eee ee eee ee fy “ j é ronnie Fe vee ee ae ae - ASTMIMMEAE 20. cc ececederdarceccccs ” Sener ee weer eee ne rete eee ee ee POMODDID. <5 5s susie ncteniede eae Juneella “ eee ‘ i " ey eK ~ cENsus | OF ‘PLANTS INDIGENOUS 70 4 PAGE. 253 210 222 220 255 238. 208 203 253 ‘ee sothecit. severest 241, ae 218 Baseseas bo _ to dean 4 Kamptzai ia sévacesaenbeee eae a Kelleria Bemtied ye cine denen sihienniae Kyllingia o..s.cseseeseente j abe eceeyecasesensaaerEe cownhpeenetes aeaeeentra 05 ie Labiatae... ooee ave eneereevespererer veces neeeenree eveeee pees odites ver oe oen cde sooeneeettes iy ae Pee iis CENSUS OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. — m4 987 | ee ee PEE ota BEREEESBRER REE era... 228 | Lespedeza oa © H a " =] s : : 4 ; : : < io) 5 ; eaueueeey z £ontopodi ‘ Li on Leotium re mbsieynn Wheres 215 | Bhotzkiae Mi, cccccadevstenteoeeet CA hae abies 256 | Liagora ..... sceese eeceneeeen eee Limnophila 5 cits wi vagnbes ieee Limos ae: Bio See ca edie ae cana hosed i ~ 3 sian catalan space cnteneanaaen Linoci ower eee poreerenreee ie eres coneessmanenesiet? i; ae a si 8 wigscessakseceoeeeeneee ne eens : 211 P Li ; ex Fila Sicssee eee , deicsiais 265 | Livocarphe ~ EE wae enee, is a el adie aera de bic wan ; : ee S Area ae S 239 f ot c ie — VAVD cececanvsensevecnsesneees® x z bat : ¥ pe ¥ t bao Fie ar x Aa : a : Lippia............ Ser Rieaenyeoseens oso, cee ene Peewee e bene eeeesans % Li « ‘ eo ag hy Pipe JOPATIACEHE .. cc iacseceesersntes Lomandra ow... eee... Lomaria LOomariopsis coxsus oF PLANT INDIGENOUS 70 > AUSTRALIA, PAGE. 225 SO Fe wee etree eee EES Bes" iyeogala i Ererperi vb ocak dev cv bah os ae | ; Sere ge » gad eae oem Lygodium Lyonsia Lysicarpus............ Eatiattie Lysimachia a Lysiosepalum ocenv eer ne mobe nei Devebee ery EPR E Ree eet eee enews o SOOT ee eter eee ereres eee eer eee es POOP ROMO eerenereeceee OP OOOO Cees ceeeetbeses TOROS menses es enes Z ot PEEP Eee Th eet eee nes SESS 94 See opens eeeeneee Phyllopappus .---+++ ee Phyllophora. .....--+es1-47"_ Phyllospora .. ; saceee st eT n oseeee ocend sens ceseee | re aceenecesrwy on eae a Pee weer bdeidd eA peiothesinin sileic ieee Ri acbisils agiothe lium Pr ee res ‘odo’ Poecilodermis Pogonatherum 238 OpoNavaIn sc. wsstinci, ae Pogonetes 218 : Pogonia 226, 228 Pogonolepis ... ccnvensnncnarensient “! . 39 ee je SRY i 9 ; 1 nnuentaanennesaraene |) wee ey i P } Strzeleckia aces a2. tina io ES Stuartina .-.i.---c---sceeees SIO Stirs... cece Ps “4 ee Pat SPO e tee e ee wD web ese eee naphea mapthantha Pee eee reeset eee nnd ynechoblastus eee ee ere! ynedra ynophlebium ynostemon ee rey tet eee en ate hdions. pyn h ores ynpetaleae perigynae......... Ls Oe ees Sie eee gee ee es ‘Taecaceae ....; Taeniophyllum Talinum phe ee ed __ Tapeinocheilos ee ria Tolan thew kl eee Telmtophace ey Pere ee me opea. . h tee cen eeudgkauea ielaxe ee eaters ees yMphyonema .......6.csecciade Si Sideed adh ti nae “PAGE. cesses or PLANTS: INDIGENOUS TO AsmRAnaA, ae ake 2 ragonia etralepi Ss ‘etralobus bf ea fl, I eT weet neneee wee teenies eee e nee nee 1 i trarrhena Stet tras 1 Df ee Be, te | D wee eeeee . . . . * . : — 5 igi z, BEEBE 2 a eEEUDy ew LOO esedebeey - ee ae o oom ter ee eee $ INDIGENOUS TO AUSTRALIA. _ ne Tulasnodes..5is.0ei cohegeeiansd Tulostoma Turbinaria Terre ere eee 6 one cores enet ¥ eee wee codecs. ieee sereebeee seneeewe re eet ee Te 11.1 Sapa eek Neo eR rh a eee: a 5 = dalia 265 Vilta. : 237 Villaresia WTR E RIA oo sags Vimi seal ee Wiiceeeune ia, atiscteuncene) eel Viniferae CMe kT ray Sah ge ar ee eee Vittarsa . Wolyok ulpia ‘Wahlenbergia. ................-- Waitzia Walcottia 225 Waltheria Ae tasaximaaae : actiacade alodipeieeeen a Webe Reba Mere tere 7b Bi Wedelia SE: O17. —- 208 wee ee meee eee omen ee oe eee nee eeeeee Weston snares 82 be eG neater " Wickstroemia uate acti oR een een ee nene ee ee Wollastonia _ Woodwardia Aa et Sn SER HS TTR ee ee ee Wrangelieae reseenaercaeeananm : Wrightia Wrixonia Xan ochrysum fee eke renee Xenthophp liam, inidsaneenanenh Xan rrhoea eee eee ee Tanthiebenon: Kanthoxylum ......+00ce0+e00 Xerochloa re eee ee ee ° 7 ~eahaars! suduuuiuaveese g new eeneeeree . , . . . * . . . 7 . . . : : ° * : . Xiph hoe Xiphophora eR ? ’ : { : noscseeret Xylomelum | «...-..0+--ere+ee0e" Xylopodium .......--sess-reeee OSTA oe .ereerercennnenseneneet ss ee he ; : j } Youmgia .......ccccsserecnenerree ALEYA... ..---ennenennassneveetater see eee nee opoer® woneereeeee © awe sain eee eee ees net annichie Hin? 2. ee oysia Linnaier secre one * Notes on Wool. By P. N. Trepeck. [Abstract of a Lecture delivered on November 2nd, 1881.] iT. th , after whi ry ek days resent time, alluding particularly to the establishe = fre and “te of the merino flocks in Australia. ere then | : ; ustralasia is ema a pastoral country, and I ee it our graziers could only get a reasonable tenure they would r runs by fenci jae te ht ont now proceed to describe ~ various i of ites but ty or even treble our present number of sheep and grow ae ualities of wool as cheaply and as well as any country cals au rE clothing, such as you see on es table , wees . the combing gives & heavier and a more profitable fleece. e. ness appears to be the greatest trouble, especially in our western saltbush districts. For growing the highest quality combing wool - the pastures must be moderately generous and succulent, th arid. I would point out such coun as Sir Samuel Wilson’s Ercildoune, and Mr. Philip Russell’s Carngham, — in Victoria. The richer parts of ¢he Mudgee district, Messrs . Clive and Hamilton’s Collaroy, and generally, the sheep country _ On our western slopes, from 1,000 to 2,300 feet above the s _ should also grow high-class wools. In Tasmania the pastures ¢ y _ Messrs. Gibson, Kermode, and Taylor, give very excellent restits : *- I would here add that the Murrumbidgee district, which at one ? time was considered unfit for growing good wool, now Eee es very large quantity of the highest class of combing wool. M Co: of the floeks have been established for many years, and are heavy ie : u y experienced sheep-classers every year. Without pee _ fal and heavy annual culling of ewes, it is almost useless to try -- growing good wool. eer By means of this heavy culling, not only the quality bape : average yield for sheep has been gradually increased. In pea the average was 3 lbs. of greasy wool, whereas now in fair sa meri .., itis estimated at from 43 Ibs. to 4? Ibs., and up to 5 lbs. is rs. a add that many flocks cut an average of 6 lbs., and some reach ( s I would also bring under your notice a few of the pre ad P _ from the Melbourne International Exhibition. Having ha honor of being one of the ju g _» examining the exhibits thoroughly. Possibly such anywhere else ; at any rate, it was generally so : visitors from all countries who sa to these and other stud flockmasters for br their present state of perfection, and so adding TO “merino sheep, and consider them a pipes: vaiinte to dri The nape quality of lt, so valuable in coarse appears to be fairly well maintained. The aie ‘Lincoln es has been - found to cross better with the merino than Leicester or any other — : ‘Coarse-w woolled t: type. Wing you all the good samples, I must not forsee ae eo say that frequently wool comes to our market in a very different eh es state from th ou will see the s 23 B i=] = ® ty within 100 miles of Rockhampton. From its = = _ Peculiar barbed formation it will go right through the skin and : ‘ ‘grass has quite driven sheep away from the coast district of ensland, Also, some wool with grass seed, from our own ie, is Slav: a small kind of carrot-seed which is aia to get ee : a .. All these spoil the wool for re goods, an detraet ‘tom the value from 2d. to 5d. per lb. by : ie will now briefly d araw ti i ols, A *ppear in. strong contrast with our delicate nigh class merino :— ee kindl lent to me by Mr. Chard. ages eee ugh to let me me hae a dozen a s of cl Ns wiih ue ee ey See you. — You w ‘grown, their measurement - I ice masecomeier e per lb. in the London, market in 1878. i tie hairs are all picked out from the wool singly fe by hand. Each goat docs not yield more than 3 oa ofthe _ kind of down or wool which is "shawls, which sell in London up to 300 and 400 guineas Measure- No. Description. Where grown. | ment—part 19 | Vicuna fleece | 33 eae 1-299 : 5 Wool 52 | Brown Cashmere .., xa ...| Cashmere... Po | 20 1-349 Woo 53 | China white Cashmere ... _ ...| Cashmere ee + . 55 | China fair washed sheep's s wool ...| China | 1-105] | bg 56 | Superior camel’s hair ~+s) Andie... | 1-1416 2 58 | Cape super snow white 1-1288 36 86 | Extra super clothing ...| Germany ..| 11434 36 88 | Extra sw ..{ Germany ...| 1-1516 = 89 | Silesian n Reindorfel Heinrichen ... Germany ...| 1-1410 - 92 | Mosuran, Upper Siles ...| Germany ...| 1-1758 | * ; -1331 17 | Islay alpaca Hades ves) evel, W. Coast, S.A. ae k * 1-1571 Dr. Wright, our Hon. pea has kindly m piso : a some German wool, and also some of the choice samples eo colonial wool, with the following seit — cs ok ~~ : - Where grown. mem : te ae ogi es! : 1-1000 1 | German clothing greasy... ...| 1-767 to 1-1041 | Tiley - 2} German ¢ three tell 2 Spe a yee ns _ 8 | Mudgee clothing washed ... . ...| 1-1000 to ae 11190 4 | Tasmanian lambs’ wool greasy .| 1-306 to ; x6 1-1562 — 5 | Victorian ewes’ oe ...| 1-1250 to 1 73.) Lb _ 6 | Tasmanian greas ..| 1-111] to 121 a eee S| Ret ralian merino —Vietoria -reasy| 11250 to 11470 oe’ oe boceatia merino— Victoria ewes’) 48 ‘ =| Laure gy 9 | Tasmanian greasy woe foe A - 10 | South Australian greasy I Ie ne eee : 11| Lincoln wool greasy ae ne Pe ee 714 - 12} Russian pen Dooeket fleece... 1-270: to EA NOTES ON WOOL. 305 Iwill now proceed with the qualities of wool A good merino possess— combing wool should is so much waste or noils when they are passed through the combs that manufacturers cannot afford to give lon prices, ; # Colour and lustre.—The wool should be bright and light- coloured, so as to be capable of receiving the most delicate and brilliant dyes. For alpacas and many other manufactures, lustre is indispensable. —, Tregret to say many of our finest wools are much injured by : the Bathurst burr, which is rapidly spreading. Even in Virgil’s ‘time sheepowners had similar trouble: 2 “Si tibi lanitium cure, primum aspera silva : S Lappeeque tribolique absint fuge pabula leta. There should be an Act under which the Government would abe e keep the roads and reserves clear of these noxious : teds and compel the landowners and Crown tenants to exterminate them from eir holdings, Sheep are Sometimes annoyed with ticks, which are occasionally 2 numerous enough to irritate the sheep into a feverish state, and oy € silkiness and softness of the wool, discolour it, and the fleeces with their bodies, eggs, and filth, We have some me i" effectual dips which do not appear to injure the wool. mans used a complicated one as follows :— “ Aut tonsum tristi contingunt corpus amurga, Et spumas misce t nti vivaque sulfura, “apy parts of Scotland they smear the sheep with tar and : oo? out the cold. The wool, however, suffers in value us dressing to the extent of 25 to 35 per cent. — | should mention that a moderate quantity of yolk aga ag a Keeping the wool in a sound healthy condition. : This yo. : 1s Bi matter, consisting of animal oil in combination with Zz 306 NOTES ON WOOL. potash and — of potash. It appears to be produced in : small glands for the special nourishment of the wool. Lincolnand n ei 55 to 75 per cent. The wool in box 14 would probably contain nearly 80 per cent. The yolk is the best substance we know of for washing or well not to waste a single gallon of the water containing valuable detergent. Some flocks from our arid western plains are — in yolk, and consequently in soundness and softness of ool. Thé quality of wool varies on different parts of the body. The best is produced on the shoulder, and the worst on the breech. The perfection of breeding is to produce a sheep with a heavy | fleece of good wool of even quality all over its body. I have been told that the French manufacturers spin 13 miles of yar from one pound of our Mudgee wool. Sometimes wep which is a white lustrous hair, about half a in s its appearance in the fleece. This kem } take a dye, ai consequently wool containing it is unfit tor manufacture of the highest class of goods. —— oF Woot. the important. Mr. Vicars, the well-known soa turer, who has established a profitable industry here maie at protective duties, has kindly supplied some of the tweeds factory from our colonial wools. I am informed that much of our strongest woo are for working up shoddy and jute. Our high gual wens capable of ine very brilliant dyes, and au will © orl as debs a patterns before you that the colours are as bright and + js only as those of silks. Wools retain their dyes well — + they fade when other materials are aatwnil with the goods that : quickly. In the Carpets take a good deal of the strong coarse — colours is done arns of differ tg the yo? to make the patterns ; wilteens in the eer and | the ce aay is a out by the re of the : Kiddermins ter carpet is supposed to be = woo: ool possesses ¢ ‘quality of felting ee: < co) 5 DM cr Ee ra) = 5 5 wm 5 3 fo oO Qu It derived its supply from a spring about 60 rom the city, and in its course cut through jueduets, in one instance 125 feet high. It was 4 feet wide at base and 6 feet high, closing at the top in the shape of a " and was sufficiently high for a man to walk in with ease. a : which hag preserved it from the attacks of time so well ;Ven now a large portion of it is used for the supply of Tunis, “ derives its water from the same source. “ “see judging from the ruins of large carne Ee eir coun very remote per a epee ctiesciente Rerodabne desesibes ome conduit for supplying Samos, which had a channel 3 feet "e, and which pierced a hill with a tunnel nearly a mile long. ler Mason a ravine 200 feet r, and joints were formed similar to @ spig0* : ut by the annular end of one end of a block fitting into 314 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. a recess of the opposite end of another block. The joints were secured by cement, and also by iron clamps run with lead. This aqueduct had a considerable depression in the centre, and appears to have been one of the first attempts to run water in an inv syphon, proving that the ancient Greeks had a thorough knowledge of the principle that water will rise to the level of its source. t land of genius, the birthplace of the mathematicians and engineers who revived hydraulic engineering in modern times, high appreciation of the arts and sciences. They appear to have been especially scrupulous as to the purity of their drinking-water and as to the cleanliness of their person. To ensure the first, they the Emperor Nero, Rome was supplied by no fewer than nine large conduits, having an aggregate length of 255 miles, W ch delivered over 173 million gallons daily. Afterwards this supply was increased to 3124 million gallons daily, equal to a rate of 325 gallons to each inhabitant. The Aqua-Martia conduit which — supplied the drinking-water was 16 feet in diameter and sanitary measures to deliver a pure and ample supply of water to their different citi ually uragem: not made useful for the purpose of commerce and the taper a of troops and eesti Not content with thus developing the a resources of their own country, they studied, wherever ee oes led the way, to improve the condition of the vanquished . similar public works. They constructed a series of reser WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 315 age of hills nearly bordering on the Black Sea, from hich they supplied large covered cisterns in Constantinople a . thick. 2 feet from the base iron ties were inserted at intervals _ 030 inches, to hold the side walls together and prevent outward 4 syphon, which rested on masonry piers, which afterwards con- ce dueted it to the palace. The Nismes conduit, constructed in the ver Seville, Evora, and Lisbon, i sed deep *$ an hour, and in its course it crosses SeV: aol Targe lakes of enormous dykes. It is available both for navigation 316 ‘WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. and irrigation, and together with its numerous branches, irrigates an immense area of country, thus affording millions the means of livelihood and support. Again, in the Malay Archipelago irrigation is carried out to such perfection as to excite the astonishment of the distinguished naturalist Mr. Wallace, who thus describes it :—“It was here that I first obtained an adequate idea of one of the most wonderful stems of cultivation in the world, equalling all that is related of Chinese industry, and, as far as I know, surpassing in the labour bestowed on it any tract of equal extent in the most civilized countries of Europe. I rode through this strange garden utterly amazed, and hardly able to realize the fact that in this remote and little known island, Lombock, from which all Europeans (except a few traders at the port) are jealously excluded, many hundreds irrigation purposes. The “Vishnood” declares that “no satis- faction is felt without water in the three worlds, Heaven, Hell, and Earth ; therefore a wise and learned man should cause reset an of water obtains perpetual felicity without doubt”; and as Bhewish-Yotara-poonan exclaims: “O thou son of Koonti, get large supplies of water made at the sacrifice of your whole property, for the man at whose reservoir the cow slakes her thirst becomes the preserver of his family.” Immense tanks or reservoirs and irrigating canals appear t0 eit been constructed in India many centuries anterior to the advent o , and some of them are probably equally as ancient as tian canals. The Cummin tank in Madras has embank- ment 102 feet high, and of considerable length. The Naeger Sulikerrai has an embankment 84 feet high and 603 feet_wide 6 base, which encloses an area of about 40 square miles. awd the Mincheri tank forms a beautiful lake, of over 20 miles circumference. The Kalavara tank is about 46 miles in crew?” ference, and is formed by an embankment 12 miles long ghee the Kalaoga River. The Kalucarri tank forms a lake 60 me circumference by an embankment 15 miles long, and 300 feet aL at base. Many of these immense embankments consist only oa trodden clay resting on the surface of the ground, and are skill, structed without the application of any particular engineering # no puddle walls having been used to render them more water-tigh WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. Sit With this brief allusion to the ancient tanks of India I shall concludemy descriptions of the celebrated water-worksof antiquity, which, as noble monuments of the skill, patience and perseverance of their architects and constructors, merit our highest admiration. The precaution ‘of the ancients in covering conduits that supplied drinking-water proves that they were fully impressed with the nporti f such construction as a sanitary measure to preserve the coolness and salubrity of the water, whilst their construction humerous irrigation and navigation canals indicates their thorough appreciation of such works for the development of their commerce and industries. The revival of hydraulic science in modern history may be said to have commenced in Italy about thetenth century, when several large u were constructed for irrigation purposes, which later on were modified so as to combine navigation. In the 15th century ‘ bs i of water in the Paduan Canal, and by this means he succeeded in uniting the two navigable canals of the Adda and Tesino. This | RR 8 eB. a) 4 fa) por ° = @O Fs ct ia oO B "oO n et 08. 03 = a et. OQ te) = ot s © Ss a} 5. fa") mM 8 =) n 2 is) = Qu u n : 64 feet, and its length 148 miles. Its summit It is 48 feet wide at water-level, 53 feet deep, It unites the Sadne and Loire Rivers, and its me Yiver Po, Though constructed over a century and a It is still considered as a model of engineering skill. 318 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION, The plains of Lombardy are intersected by no fewer than twelve large many of which are navigable and have affording some basis on which we may estimate theadvantagesof such s inthis country. Its main canal, which is 30 miles long, has a sectional area of 604 square feet, and was constructed at & cost of £215,516. The whole scheme, embracing besides the main canal two large canals, 143 and 181 miles long respectively, gth of 132 and miles, and all headworks, &c., cost £880,000. Its returns per annum, so that its clear profit is £66,000, which represents 1} intere is estimated that in forty years it ¥ return £1,280,000, which will cover the cost of its construction and mainte: It was executed by a small company of iol shareholders in 1872, for the purpose of irrigating a very dry ae : : on 459,166. The country has a general uniform fall of “75 of a foot u The profit per acre is estimated as follows :— of Profit oy peta Total. sree of org 4 : produce. nn - oon ? For sandy soil .........} 10/8 6/3 16/11 28 6 : Por clay sol ok 5 3 13/8 2277 - 3 Mitac aaa 9/ os | mys | 2 4:8} * SRNR eee The indirect advantages of irrigation are also considerable, a8 reduces the labour of ploughing, hoeing, and harrowing. | , 479 The complete scheme will irrigate 190,690 acres gee : cubic feet per second out of the 2,825 cubic feet of full SUPP. At the same proportion it would irrigate, toge uare remaining supply of 353 cubic feet, 217,930 acres, or 340 84 miles, at a cost of about £2,600 per square mile. WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 319 _ The kingdom of the Netherlands for its size contains a _ greater number of navigable canals than any. They were commenced partly for drainage, partly for navigation, as early as the 12th Century, and proved of ial ady to Flan which, by their means became the entrepdt of the commerce between North and-South Europe. At present they permeate the country in every direction, and have led to an enormous trade between Holland and every part of France and Germany. The yearly profits of the canals is estimated at £625 nearly level. Their banks are very thick, as they are the great drainage arteries of the country, and any breach might lead "spectively, and its average depth is 203 feet. It has only two ry locks, one at each extremity, and was constructed for eh of 6 miles of river navigation ; 95 feet wide at water- Vessels of 1 a ; of country produce are 1from St. Petersburg to the Caspian Sea, 1,434 miles, by water passage, whilst the iron and furs of aes and the teas of China are even now to a certain extent _ veyed to St. Petersburg through a similar channel. : England has no less than 2,300 miles of canal and 1,800 miles 320 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. professional opinion against the plan of his engineer, the Duke fortunately followed it, and his confidence was fully justified by its successful completion. The length of this canal is 29 miles, and in its course it traverses a very difficult country. Tn Scotland, the Caledonian and Forth and-Clyde Canals have proved highly advantageous to internal traffic, and have served to sh e coasting traffic in stormy seas for several hundred miles. The first, surveyed by James Watt in 1773, has a total length of 604 miles, which includes 37} miles of lake navigation, and connects Inverness on the east coast with Loch Eil on the west coast. Its summit level at Laggan is 102 feet above sea- Some few years ago it was proved on this canal that it was s The two principal Irish canals, called the Grand and the Royal, are noted more on account of their enormous cost than for the eng neering skill exhibited in their design and construction. TheG d anal connects Dublin with Limerick, has a total length of 164 miles, including its branches ; it is 40 feet wide, 6 feet deep, and its summit level is 164 miles above the sea; its cost was cost was over £1,500,000. In Canada the English Government have constructed form purposes the Rideau Canal connecting Lake Ontario ey al river St. Lawrence through the Ottawa, and the Welland Can uniting Lakes Erie and Ontario. d The Americans have exhibited the same restless seep ® undertakings. The a te len of the 6,000 miles, more Re nce of 2 N is confined to t States of New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. The Erie ais : which unites Lake Erie with the Hudson River, is 363 miles si 70 feet wide at surface level, 42 feet at bottom, 7 feet pages its summit level is 292 feet above the sea. Its cost was ® ly £5,000,000 sterling. In the State of California irrigation is ech rted to, on account of the small average all, Ge 's surprising profit. According to the State Surveyor * ditches statistics for 1871, California could boast of 915 irrigalPS WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 321 supplying water to 90,344 acres. Experience quickly showing the great advantages of this system, which from 20 acres pro- duced in some instances as much as 2,000 acres had yielded without = se has since led to their construction on a much larger scale. Stes 5 ; " ; Denese Company’s canal irrigates over 15,000 acres, and when its extension to San Joaquin city is completed it is estimated that it will irrigate 325,000 acres, which at 20 bushels of wheat to the acre (a low average for this valley) would produce 6,000,000 bushels of wheat from ground which before hardly produced 60,000 bushels. In 1875 this canal was 38} miles long, 55 feet wide, 4 feet deep, and had a fall of 1 foot to the mile. It was then proposed to extend it 40 miles, with a grade of 4 foot to the ile, The King’s River Irrigation Company's Canal is 30 feet wide, 3 feet deep, and has a fall of 1 foot to the mile. The supply is considered sufficient for irrigating 300,000 acres. The Fresno ul is 10 miles, 40 feet wide, and has a grade of +5 foot toa mile ; it is supplied from a reservoir 14 mile long, 100 feet wide, and 10 feet deep, and is estimated to irrigate 0 acres. bend, and runs nearly parallel with the river below the bend ; it 1s 30 miles long, 35 feet wide, and 3 feet deep, with 1 foot grade re niches constructed, at a cost of over £3,200,000, by different large . Companies employed in hydraulic sluicing the celebrated Blue . Lead and other deep gravel drifts on the western flank of the — Nevada Mountains. Some of these evidence considerable ta and ingenuity in their design and construction, having @ dust. Another h draulic company washed 22 SO dirt in six dap, “hich a water supply of 4,000,000 of gold irt only contained about one ng’s worth bie: Mas yore’ cubic foot; and though the cost of wages and water whet 7 High they realized a profit of 2,350 dollars—a proof 0 ig) all quantity of gold will return in such deep drifts by a 17... -PPlication of hydraulic power. — d re let me pause in my brief and hurried review of the gran A 4 S22: / WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. great nations of ancient and modern history, and before proceeding let me ask you to take aswift glance behind. The vista presented _ to your gaze is indeed pregnant with reflections sad and melancholy, as you look on the distant scene of departed grandeur, but gratifying enough as you look nearer the halting ground—as you see how gure the thin stream of the English army headed by its noble chiefs, the talented and kingly Canning, and the fiery gallant Clyde, threading its way through the battleriven town of Li i through an avenue of princes, kings, and emperors, blazing = jewelry and all the splendour of Eastern dress, whilst far as the Te, ns re of their new subjects. How nobly they have performed their the accompanying abstract of statistics of some of the prine canals may in some measure serve to realize to you. ee tion ei WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 328 by the experience of ages, which I earnest] : & trust ma meet with your approval, but may engage stab hearty abet ce agi — effect. Asa preface it is necessary to consider the aaa y é . of New South Wales, which has peculiarities not to et with in the old world. For instance, the coast district, of 7 Be ee ee and irrigating canalization. The principal rivers on . ank of the dividing range, falling into the Pacific “Se gl ome . - the following lengths :—The Hawkesbury, River, 360 e Nepean and Wolondilly, 330 miles; the Hunter , miles ; the Shoalhaven, 260 miles ; the Clarence, 240 iles ; an Sea bars. to | oe to all the larger rivers are more OF less dangerous pping, owing to their shifting bars, so that any inland this danger should commend Having travelled but little on the ity for collecting informa- a t suggest is the ort Stephens, whilst a short railway k joini + port be carried out for a sum he high prices township command at the terminus of the navigation in Port B24 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 445 miles, the Barwon 510 miles, the Castlereagh 365 miles, the M‘Intyre 350 miles, the Macquarie 750 miles, and the Warrego 100 miles in length, are all tributaries of the Darling, which itself flows into the Murray 300 miles in a direct line below Albury. The Murray, with its various feeders and tributaries, draining a basin of fully 500,000 square miles, may be ranked with the large rivers of the world, and must at some future time exercise the most important it is 1,120 miles long, of which distance 1,030 miles are navigable i th ordinary seaso s about 220 miles below Albury, is navigable for over 700 miles, any war would interrupt and endanger; and in developing our e nt of any design for irrigating canals at present; but that the meta of such a system may be justly appreciated, I will suppose that a heme similar to ; ratio that the irrigation of 216,000 acres would support 4 pope lation of 459,000 as by the above scheme, the Liverpool Plams would support a population of 21 millions, and would return & se ' profit per annum, at £1 9s, 3d. per acre, of £14,625,000. hich tract of country between the Lachlan and Darling Rivers, ences of Southern California, at least ten could be fed in ures regardless of seasons, so that the increase in our 78% duction would be something enormous, far beyond the capabilities WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. 325 of the present condition of the country even after a succession of favourable seasons. As a valuable auxiliary to irrigating canals it would be well to take into consideration the storage lakes which, at little expense for low dams, could be constructed along the banks of the different rivers, and of which Lake Cudgellico offers an texample. Herea large sheet of water, formed by the over- flow of the Lachlan River, is retained by a low dam ; and, judgi ? of canalization, unless the present mad race to alienate the public mnprovements to the public, it would be preferable to stop land sales altogether, and instead to issue long leases for unoccupied the same time introducing a sturdy class of labourers on where cultivation was practicable, on condition that _ ee esert lik unto the Colorado on the id yet owing to the irrigation division of the large from 20 to 100 acres, the Supported a happy, thrifty and rapidly increasing population. 326 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. water. In the San Joaquin Valley a tract of 1,000 acres of flat sandy country, which would in its natural state barely support one sheep to the acre, was rendered so fertile with irrigation, combined with cultivation, that when sown with alfalfa, a species of lucerne, it fed no less than twenty sheep to the acre. In the same valley, as noticed above, it was estimated that a large district considered previously worthless for tillage would, by means of & it. Hydraulic mining has been hardly introduced here, and yet, owing to its great economy, it must shortly attain considerable importance. According to Professor Silliman’s investigations 12 California, it took 17,074,758 cubic yards of water to wash 989,165 cubic yards of gravel by hydraulic sluicing ; at whi rate 3,486 gallons would wash 1 cubic yard o gravel, or 3} million gallons would wash 1,000 cubic yards, which is about the 5 eae quantity sluiced away by a first-class hydraulic mine per em. i i i i rm down the Snowy and Tumut Rivers to the deep gravel drifts Kiandra ; for supposing the average depth of these d only 90 feet, and the average yield only 3 grains per mar yard, then every 10 acres would yield 9,075 ounces of gold, wo £44,031 5s. These drifts extend for miles on miles alung the ‘S28 WATER STORAGE AND CANALIZATION. Serves to develop the internal resources of the country, in the impetus it gives both to pastoral and agricultural pursuits ; whilst a navigable canal, according to Macpherson, “ gives fresh life to established manufactures and encourages the establishment of new ones, by the ease of transporting the materials of manufactures and provisions. They invigorate and in many places create internal trade which, for its extent and value, is an object of still more importance than foreign commerce, and they greatly promote foreign trade, and consequently enrich the merchants of the ports they are connected with, by facilitating the exportation of produce from and the introduction of foreign merchandise into the interior. present conditions, 4 “Te 499] SOG 104 SYOO] uooyUDADG | “sotov 000'6FS MONwpUNUT WO §09}01g » co O€-18 jOZT'T iszo‘9 |TLO‘9TI | F96'eet | 896‘96L 'L89'T Me. 9F9 [17 Atoaney |evs-+** Aroanuy G-€- (10'T {Lis zor‘ TLe‘80l | GL9‘L¢e ys ae ie ee aI ee Be eT “rs | O08 ‘Ss 61S ‘FS ae ee OL0T19 A mt g.F- "11809 020'FET | 000‘0L ei ae coy 006 co gee seeeeeees TIBUUO 8-6 ($09't% |198‘02 F60°I6 | O6S'HSP | OOO‘OLP = ae 119 | |S Se Beast ‘ ¥6-21 \Les‘ce jorl‘es (sze‘e9T | SLL‘LSL 000000°T ae 1z-8 288 TeABpory MRABPOF) a qnoq E- wer eels ISLE 910‘68 F86‘% Z8E a a ore ae Cygne 588 Tree's QUURLTY ; 2 aie “* 1160'LT (PISS 996'F8o | T9S‘¢ Oct ot els CO eyny ; Z 16-1 "=" l919'ZL j|I96‘°LT | 188‘ess | S08 "F6T “ mise i ee 02-90% |F1Z *** OTB NT vente ; ~— eee eee eee n } 4 6¢.F eens c9z'e ZL ‘0G 180 93T CoP TL oe eee eeeeee abe eeens SaP seenee 66 whe andpepyyeyg biat i" 4 C6. 100° 6I less’ loFl‘cs | LEG‘LS LET ‘OST : palene Be ye, eee ie 1 ee qefun, ' 4 hier reine obre """ | TIZ‘SOL‘T | 008‘88— 000'S | &.-g. | 8-6 FOG-9OIL |CGT =| VAppequIey, |’ ferppequrey, ( o “TeATYyeYS a 88 Boe G6 C29 LOL‘S CPF F oh ok es:, OI-St (98 “ umnpyr |} pure andyeyg z, G6-F- |SFo‘IL |19F‘89 060'¢ 409 ‘806'I 066 ‘TFS e et Ot. ee 1 ae eu0g 8F-c- |29L'0o |16c'FL [6FeF 060‘SLL‘T | 000°E8T es ee iy O9T 82% Ippeuuyyyy | gO B 69-9F |OLS‘9L |98F €88‘IS | 808‘OL 08983 oh a Pres ee ee Ca EY 6I-O1- |\L06‘IT jece'% joe's | aIs‘9¢ | 1z9'F6 ea 02-09 2G |" oD 7) 40g “**-" | 066‘L8¢T | 000‘E8L 00S‘ | * | OI-8z 006" jose |'"""* ,919Ng GI-- j6ec's |L2L' |96r‘e TSF ‘SO B0G‘ET a9 ie ee eit sUUvO|S [[eIIg : & Ps (6re's ciz‘ze |6oL‘e 6LE‘F08 | FE9‘E9T 000% | °* | L-OT : & 29.1- OFZ‘0S § jg96'L9 {91886 | 066‘LEC‘T | 966993 jo00'e | °° |f-EF = 89-06 |Lz0'G% (SzF‘OL [LOFTS | S8s‘I9% GEL ‘906 rh Baie a GF-6T /9IS2E |FLF'6T jOO0'TFI | 1Z6‘SL9 | FL6‘LOS. §3-EP 1%-1 |Z9F‘COT |Z6L‘LZI |Z9F‘GL] | STO‘ecO’s | SIO‘CFO'T ool 9 | 9&1 | 8-Or *SA8I-LL8L | “SL81-L48T “YW no is — AL | ‘98e20aur | ‘onuosoy | “£ByqNO tt iy B sod ria] nome « a “SUMO AA. sgelensroeticin ar Leeeecmaind beep Seerey et 333 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. - WEDNESDAY, 4 MAY, 1881. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. Hon. Professor Surrn, C.M.G., President, in the Chair. “dout seventy members were present. : The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. 2 The Annual Report of the Council was then read, as follows :— Sp presenting their Annual Report, the Council are happy to ‘ _ the affairs of the Society are in a prosperous condition. _ * number of new members elected during the year was thirty- Z — on the 30th April, 1881, 452. : Dalton member was elected during the year, Sir J oseph Boal Hooker, K.C.8.L, C.B., M.D., F-R.S., Director of the Ja “ardens, Kew, thus completing the limited number, twenty. gentlemen were elected corresponding members, : Majong V.P., Ethnological Institution, London ; of pe General Sir Edward Ward, K.C.MG., R.E., formerly one. Honorary Secretaries of the Society, and Mr. F. B. Miller, Te of ‘the Melbourne Mint: making the total number of Was unanimously resolved to award the Clarke Medal for 334 PROCEEDINGS. the year 1881 to Professor M‘Coy, F.RS., of the Melbourne University, for his distinguished researches in the paleontology of Europe and Australia. During the past year the Society has received 749 volumes and pamphlets as donations, amongst the most valuable of which are twelve parts of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. In return, this Society has presented 1,013 volumes to various kindred Societies, as per accompanying list. The report upon the Microscopical Cabinet shows that fourteen slides have been added during the past year, making a total of 214. The Council has subscribed to thirty-six scientific journals and publications, and as purchased several works of reference, a list of which is 4 appended. During the year the Society has held eleven meetings, and three of the Sections have held regular monthly meetings. During the past year the house of the Society has been put into thorough repair, and has been repainted and decorated throughout; various alterations have been made in the rooms, which it is ho will add greatly to the convenience and comfort of the members The amount thus expended is £465 9s. 10d. The amount now standing to the credit of the Building Fund is £318 15s. 7d, of which the sum of £110 5s, has been collected since the last lst published in June, 1880, The Council has very much pleasure 2 reporting that several members of the Society have promt contribute annually towards the Building Fund until the preset debt is paid off. a . The Society’s financial affairs are in a satisfactory condition ; the unusual expenditure and other similar matters, consequent upon the changes the building. On the 3lst July, 1880, the Academy of AT tenancy expired, so that the Society has no longer this revenue to look forward to.’ 30th The following Financial Statement for the year ending April, 1881, was presented by the Honorary Treasurer :-— GENERAL ACCOUNT. gad RECEIPTS. £8 da source of ‘CEI To Balance in Union Bank, 30th April, 1880... 38 10 3 chasis cuca ,», Subscriptions and entrance fees, from Ist May, 1880, to 30th April, 1881 ........- a Government Grant : af — Gas Account paid by Academy »» Hire of hall and rooms to sundry Societies xy Interest on fixed deposit......... v.cccceersseeees PROCEEDINGS. 335 EXPENDITURE. : ae ee & £8. d By Advertisements 34.9 56 » Assistant Secretary’s salary to 30th April, : 1881 (12 months) 100 0 0 8 128 9 8 ” Bookbinding v5 A) » City Rates, &c 23.12 6 » Covering and packing ent and pre- sentations to ord Societies ............ 6.11°6 » Delivering Society’s Journal te aaa 413 6 ving illustrations for Journal ............ 10 0 ” » Freight, oe pee cking-cases,. &c. ......... 25 19 0 ecoun St ae ee ” Hoaaekeper, to 30th April, 1881............... 10 0 0 Ditto refres — monthly meetings... 1511 9 ” P terssice on and furniture .........-.. 1.6.8 » Interest on m ies 120 0 0 » Medical Section, ereeng, postage, &c....... 18 4 4 ” Sra petty cash, & 35 0 0 in 36 170 ” i Siationery and office books ......... ee oaks 510 6 » Sundry cicmente. 0 0-6 pba) ae 811 14 9 Entrance fees , transferred to Building Account .............+- 75 12°68 » Interest on deposit, transferred to Building ae » Hire ¢ of rooms ue ae SD pi ea 2 6 5 » Balance in Union Bank, 30th April, 1881 ... .. 0... + 815 7 ey £924 8 9 G. A. WRIGHT, sage tit Treasurer. W. H. WEBB, Assistant Secretary. EBE G. MURRAY BUILDING FUND ACCOUNT. : b REcEr £ 8 4 ae ‘To Amount at fixed deposit in Union Ban 300 0 0 » Balance in Uni on Bank, 30th April, 1380 | 181 15 6 ane Het of hall to Academy of Att so... 58 0 0 ture of rooms to Societi 31 9 0 Ditto transferred from General — . oe 11211 0 Interest on fixed deposit transferred from 5 : General Accoun sigutiamnebe 5 4 Anetptions to Building Fun eer este 110 5 0 in tee ined a Tith- Tre December 1880 epost, - ; 4 i months’ interest on ditto . 106 0 0 | trom General Acowent ee ee 0 £891 7 11 336 PROCEEDINGS. EXPENDITURE, £8. a £04 rs Alexander Dean, vee gergat Se... 38 15 7 Ditto alterations and r Sailding, as per peter 426 14 3 < seme on = aie pueesnme let nianediwrsesines 5 ne ~ 2 ” eeper, & 47212 4 », Amount withdrawn from fixed deposit......... sss 100 0 0 » Amount conte deposit, lst May, 1880...... 100 “ : 1 25th March, 1881.. 100 ene », Balance in Union Bank, 30th April, 188 ..<-nssecunnane 118 15 7 £991 71 H. G. A. WRIGHT, Honorary W. H. WEBB, Assistant Secretary. Audited— P. N. TREBECK. W. G. Y. 7th April, 1881. STATEMENT OF ASSETS AN sit ee ae FOR THE YEAR ENDING 307 RIL, gad o Balance in Union Bank to nee of tee Account ... ; H », Subscriptions and entrance fees due ..........:+sscceereeeetee r oF 2 — ae anks, &e. spate unknown—taken as 1,000 0 0 », Hire of 1 hall due — ey Musical Society ssi es * = Branch British Medical 920 ssocia Pe dears a 0 », Premises in Thecicls acct (cost of purchase) ...----++++--* ee Pe 7 , Balance in Union Bank to credit of — ee Account 1 0 0 Se , Amount of fixed deposits = eter LIABILITIES. is 6 By Triibner & Co.—Periodicals.. .......... ..cssssseeeneccersrererenet™ “ 0 » John Sands—Bookbinding ...........--seccesseseeessseneeeee 310 0 >, City Treasurer—Sewerage rate : 519 6 »» F. Cunninghame & Co.—Printing ...........::c0s1ee to" 2,000 0% avings Bank—-Loan on mortgage ...........cceccereecerrerenrne 330 »» Bad debts—Hire of hall not paid .......s:.:s0:cseeeeeeeerer 2958 7 2 of Assets over Liabilities : . £4,995 10 ? H. G. A. WRIGHT, Honorary Au W. H. WEBB, sre Sourlay P. N. TREBECK. W. G. MU 27 April, 1881 _ The statement was adopted. PROCEEDINGS. 337 The Hon. Treasurer reported that the subscriptions to the Building Fund up to the 30th April, 1881, amounted to ‘£1,187 11s., made up as follows :— Original list £1,064 14 0 1880 109 4 0 1881 1313 0 £1,187 11 0 and that the following gentlemen had promised to subscribe one guinea annually :—Messrs. W. A. Dixon, G. D. Hirst, hove me Dr, Leibius, Professor Lar: Charles Moore, H ussell, C. 8, Wilkinson, and Dr. Wright. Messrs. P. N. Trebeck and W. z MacDonnell were elected eGnccre for the election of officers and members of Council. ; ballot was then taken, and the following gentlemen were duly elected he and members of Council for the current year :— | HONORARY PRESIDENT: HIS EXCELLENCY THE RIGHT HON. LORD AUGUSTUS : LOFTUS, G.C.B., &., &., &e. H. ©. RUSSELL, 4 Sesh ke. VICE-PRESIDENTS: How. Proressor SMITH, C.M.G., M.D., &c. CHRISTOPHER ROLLESTON, C.M. G. HONORARY TREASURER: H. G. A. WRIGHT, M.R.C.S.E. NORARY SECRETARIES: a ie ERSIDGE, F.C.S., F.G.8., &e. Dr. ADOLPH Cai F.C. Ss. OUNCIL: CHARLES MOORE, F.L. ay ©. §, WILKINSON, F.G.S. ats DIXON, F.C.S _ D. HIRST. ERT HUNT, F.G.S. F. N. MANNING, M.D. ote gentlemen were duly elected ordinary members of Dove, H. Pere y, Sydney. Grifin, T x Poses, Pel W., Sydney. , John Thos., ’ Sydney. © certificates of eight new onaelee were read for the second = of nine for the first t pire and RBS ae were laid upon the 338 '- PROCEEDINGS. The names of the Committee-men of the different Sections of the Society were announced, viz. :— nese 22 —Chairman: H.C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S., FMS. Secretary : W. J. MacDonnell, RAS. Committee : .G. A. Wright, M.R.C.S., E.; J. Brooks, E.RBGS., w. J. Conder, and J. Tebbutt, FRAS. Microscopy.—Chairman: H. G. A. Wright, M. ee Secretary: P. R. Pedley. Committee: Dr. Morris F. B. . G. D. Hirst, and T. Brindley. Medical.—Chairm Dr. C. K. Mackellar. Secretaries: Drs. Sydney Jo ones, and H. N. MacLaurin, M.A. Com- mittee: Drs. Cox, ‘Schuette, Cecil — and Alfred Roberts, M.R.C. S. The Hon. Professor Surtu, C.M.G., President, then read his address. WEDNESDAY, 1 JUNE, 1881. H. C. Russet, B.A., F.R.AS,, President, in the Chair. About thirty members were present. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. The ears & geateman were duly elected ordinary members of the Societ: Barff, ef E, M.A., Sydney University. Helms, Albert, Ph.D. She y University. Elliott Elizabeth Bay. Foster, w be 'M. L.A., Newtown. Reid, William, Sydney. Roberts , ©. J., Potts’s Point. a The eictibiukon of nine new = were read for the seco time, and of seven for the first ti gpa donations were eid upon the table. is It mounced that the sum of £29 18s. had eee ¢hat scribd © the Building Fund during the present yeat, E. Ross Fairfax, F. C. Griffiths, and the peut of one Smith, iol M.G., had also promised an annual subseription — ived It was also announced that the sum of £20 had pene ono from members of the Royal Society of N.8.W., towards lishment of a Biological Laboratory at Watson's Bay- . x8, ; The Chairman then read a paper by Mr. H. Ling a on “The Climate of Mackay, Quee ” also one by. Abbott, entitled “ Notes of a Journey on ‘the Darling.” PROCEEDINGS. 339 : WEDNESDAY, 6 JULY, 1881. H. ©. Russeut, B.A., F.R.A.S., President, in the Chair. About forty members were present. The minutes of the last meeting were read and con nfirmed. The following gentlemen were duly elected ordinary members of the Society : : Baarve, | L. H., Sydney. Goergs, Karl W,, ‘Woollahra. WrcUs, Lorimer E., Sydney. Knibbs, G. H., Sydney. Newton, Dr. J. L., Mudgee. nie, Edwd. H., M.A., B.Sc. certifica Sg and of five for the first Ninety-three donations were ea upon the table. we _ Professor LiversipGE communicated the following papers, Viz :— 1. On “Smilax glycyphylla,” by C. R. A. Wright, D.Sc, and KE. H. Rennie, M.A., MA. 2. so “New Zealand Kauri ‘Gum,’ by E. H. Renyiz, B. Se. Bes SO 2 aL en nT SR ae Oa eas ok SP Re, PoeMy AY Beet OF OW Pad IT hae eee a tie) _‘TheRey, PETER MAcPHERSON, V.A., reada paper on «“ Astronomy ofthe Austral ian Aborigines. “ The hen c C. mes "B.A, ERAS, signed a y ear warrina, to the Society by Mr. James Nesbit, were exhibited. >» WEDNESDAY, 3 AUGUST, 1881. EL. C. Russext, B.A., F.R.A.S., President, in the Chair. veen thirty and forty members were present. . ‘Mhinutes of the last meeting were read and He ne gentlemen were ie ‘aacted ordinary mem Dr. Thos., Sydney. O'Connor, Rich. E., M.A, § Roth, Henry Ling, FSS, EMS, Lond., Mackay, Queens- erd, T. W., St. Leonards East. < eld, L. E., Burwood. Richard Sydney. * 340 PROCEEDINGS. The certificates of five new ost were read for the second time, and of eight for the first tim i letter was received from Mr. Hyde Clarke, eesce acknow- ledging his election as corresponding member, viz. 32, St. ne 8 + gain S.W., My dear Sir, ril, 1881. If I have not before acknowledged the diminttion conferred ~— me by the Royal Society of New So on Wales, it is because I have been sg e winter, as I still a atly value this icton, the feat I have eel in Australia, and willingly eae ay — invitation to make further c munications to the Royal 8 ; New Gui will ox fem an Tntlepanciain Tight on the phenomena of Australian langu an These New Guinea languages have also African relationships, as_ha those of Australia, and with languages began oa to the epoch of ara which I consider was that of a white race in thove These New Guinea languages, a ho owever, rate ‘not the same we 7 ber of Australia, and no apparent "relationship ; but when traced u oe stock of ee * they tell the same tale. supposing Biers w as a primeval language of one ee a trem there were many words si each idea, an several ideas on This brings me to ask you whether there is any aoa of gesture a sign language in the Australian tribes. The U. S. Government is engages on ig or Bid Large geo 4 P 3. Geological maps of the ee late Re Pe ; mid and tin fields. 4. Two mien 3 ce a Dr. a ag tgy skeen a - fs v 1 mer ites Set paul Sm oc ance. 6. Four Microscopes. Bros,—Two mic R Robert.—Microscope, amg es Foraminifera, Manly. 342 PROCEEDINGS. Hon. John, M.L.C. = of large photographs, Australian — flowers in water-colours, Futter, Francis J. sey rare as books. GoERGS <— bo —l. A universal alphabet, grammar, and language. 2 Mic Govensares® acon Orrice.—I. Specimen of the heliotype as aos to wood-engra ies 2. A new mode of transferring outlines ets graphs of scenery, &c., to es, for ithagtasd ng. 3, A new mode of eebering electrotypes of diagrams. Gairrin, T. H. F.—Astronomical work, by Mercator, a.p. 1676. Hetms, Dr. A.—1. Spectrum of chromium chloride. 2. Spectrum of Hume, J. specimens of sandstone, showing impressions of fossil caves 0 . Tertiary age. Hunt, Robt., -» &. —Microscope. Iveuts, J. sear Photograph and curiositie Kintocn, J., table ges and ilYominating fini nid. Knox, —— We The method of estimating sugar by means of the po Kynepon, Fr. ; 3 —Three microscopes. f Lenznan, H. A.—1. et aie we toe reliefs in aot church 0 the Frari ter 2. Swi = gg Lord’s ee so: Pr - Cat icing “New -a h Wales. PCat —_ 2. Complete skeleton, . moa, Jablochotf stesieie aide: London Times: “Chistimas po 1806. 6. Skull of large cave come gee speleus) Mora 7. Agate dishes, &c. 8. Rocks sections under polar “Tight. Lioyp, = A., F.R.G.S.—1. 100 stereoscopic views of the Yosemite cy. Ss. MacDonyzLt, Samuel. —Apparatus ape in America in modern bee ulture, accompanied by coloured R M. et, Pho tagraphs from 2 Brom of ag a Causeway, Published February 1, SOry threepenc 4 — Hobart Town, tay 16, 1826. Mannixe, D —Six steel engravin Martin, ier. George. oh Mencia oi el with crystals under polarized ight Mortarrty, E. O.—Specimens of diamond drill cores from se down by the Australian Diamond Rock Drill ae a the MULLEns, Josiah, F.R.G.S.—Fac-simile of the Harris Papyrus im useum, date 1200. Prpiey, P. R.—Mi = ieroseope. ahs Rorat Mrvr.—l. Two microseopes. 2. Improved assay ® stages ¢ Oertling. 3. The Clarke memorial medal, in various Rovar See Soctery or New Sourn Waters. -1. Microscope. | 2. A of eminent letters of eminent scientific men. 3. Steel engra vings of aes Machine H. C., B.A.—1. A new self- as aneroid. 2. for determining personal equation. Barrel chronograph. * “an of " : za Lae SuRvzror GeNnERAL’s DEPARTMENT.- os Eighteen-inch Everest theodoli®s _ by Troughton and Simms. Ten-inch do. do. . es equatoria ally mounted clock helostat, fe Aeon 8 of Sydney: f chemi ee ees WAUKER, H. ¢ “a he, ee PROCEEDINGS, 343 . Ruhmkorff’s = and vacuum tubes. 2. Two Ameri- M.R.C. 1. Phylloxera vastatrix : female and y insects. 2. Girulaiion in i Witetta translucens, and fesse objects. Wricut, Rey. E. H.—Mineral specimens from Bulloo River and Mud Spring at Lula Sprines Station, Warrey’s River. WEDNESDAY, & OCTOBER, 1881. Mr. Caartes Moors, F.LS., = the Chair. About twenty-five members were prese minutes of the last meeting were aa and confirmed. The following gentlemen were duly elected ordinary members of the Society :— Crummer, Henry, Sydney. Ewan, Dr. John Frazer. Fiaschi, Thos., M.D., M.Ch. Univ. Pisa, Windsor. , Boomanoomana. y, Wi lliam Teckel — Conrad, LB.CP., LR.CS., Edin., Rich- Gey, Lancelot T,, Sydney. Mann, Herbert W,, Sydney. . Roser, Karl, M.D., "Sydne ey. 7 The certificates of three new seer were read for the a Second time, and of five for the first tim . 28 * ° : Quali - N. Trebeck then read a paper “on the History, Varieties, : es, and Uses of Wool,” illustrated by a series of specimens. WEDNE ESDAY, 2 NOVEMBER, 1851. E C. Russeti, B.A., F.R.AS., President, in the Chair. ee mec members were present. Lowe Edwin, J ambie Plains. , ning, His Honor Sir W. M., Primary Judge, ooll m,. Philip, Dr. Alexander, Sydne certificates s of ecaticdained were read for the second ow t ‘be en passed at iGo meeting to offer br priest of £25 each for the best 344 PROCEEDINGS. communication containing the results of original research ot observation upon the subjects set forth in the following circular, which would be distributed to all the members as well as to kindred Societies :— [Circular.] THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. The Society’s House, 37, Elizabeth-street, Sydney, November 2nd, 1881. ORIGINAL RESEARCHES. TueE Royal Society of New South Wales offers a Prize for the best communication, containing the results of original research OF observation, upon each of the following subjects :— Series 1.—To be sent in not later than September 30th, 1882. 1.—On the Aborigines of New South Wales. 2.—On the treatment of Auriferous Pyrites. 3.—On the Forage Plants indigenous to New South Wales. 4.—On the influence of the Australian climates and pastures upon the growth of Wool. ' Serves II.—To be sent in not later than August 31st, 1883. 5.—On the chemistry of the Australian Gums and Resins. 6.—On Water Supply in the interior of New South Wales. 7.—On the embryology and development of the Marsupials. The competition is in no way confined to members of er Society, nor to residents in Australia, but is open oe ieee any restriction whatever, excepting that a prize me awarded to a member of the neil for the time being ; 2@ © will an award be made for a mere compilation, however me a ous in its way e communication to be suc & be ee wholly or in part the result of original observation or Tes the part of the contributor. i ie 3 is fully sensible that the money Nps of the oi labour, but it is hoped that the honour will be regarded as Annual Volume. Fifty reprint copies will urnished to the author nse. of expense, prizes It is the intention of the Society to offer : diy Ee to encourage original scientific A. LIVERSIDGE, \ Hox. SCs. A. LEIBIUS, PROCEEDINGS. ‘345 In reply to Mr. Rolleston, the President said there probably would not be any difficulty in the way of adding to the list of subjects ; he hoped that the Society would eventually be in a position to increase the number of prizes. Baron Ferdinand von Miieller, K.C.M.G., F.RS, &, viz, “Census of the Genera of Plants hitherto known as indigenous Australia.” The Hon. Professor Smit said, as the time was early yet, per- haps the President would favour the Society with a few remarks Upon the disastrous storm that had lately swept along our coast. 4he PresipenT said he felt some difficulty in complying with their tequest, as he had been so much occupied with other matters that he had not been able to give the attention he would liked to @ given to the investigation of the recent storm that had done So much damage on our coast. However, he might ocoupy a few _ minutes in telling them of some of the suggestions that had been made for predicting storms. They were aware that a system was in force in America by which they could predict a few days in the approach of a storm. The system at first sight looked Aa? difficult to m , yet every one was now convinced that that the weather must be subject to law, the same as everything else ™m nature. All the investigations going on in America, a nd i on. c American system first, because it was the best in existence. America was a large country, and in times of peace the soldiers 2 — Scattered about the various States, and pate of pepe oe" and then away along the rivers and 346 PROCEEDINGS, e storm and its effects can be traced. This must serious hurricane. In land and in Europe the same —. ce had been obtained, though the observations had e complete. In America they have a much more extended country; so bring it under observation, whereas in d they could only see one half on storm, which often envelopes the whole of the island ; but eek cosas of Europe in many places observations of the most Coming nearer home, until 1879 we were sending gO between the different Colonies at some disadvantage for WM. of co-operation. uestion was whether the atmospherie “a rule was the same in the southern hemisphere as in the le In 1879, at the first Meteorological Conference, it was ® more united action among the different Colonies, - result had been in published in the prone? . ‘or som: a no important storm had reached New Zealand but they sent Dr. Hector three or five days’ notice of its approach. PROCEEDINGS. 347 _ barometrical depression first appears in Western Australia ; then it _ travels along the coast through South Australia and Victoria, and then it gets across to New Zealand. In most cases the storm centre seemed to travel along the south coast of Australia, and when the centre was about at Adelaide the weather here generally changed northerly or north-west, and then to the west or north- st, and the rain extended sometimes as far as the Lachlan, The recent storm did not appear on the south coast, and the first ae he Hon. Professor Surru asked whether any unusual solar '§ tad been observed during the recent storms. e earth’s atmosphere, and not as was sometimes salt, Spots themselves are the cause of our atmospheric disturb- es WEDNESDAY, 7 DECEMBER, 1881. | ©. Russert, B.A., F.R.AS., President, in the Chair. ee thirty-five and forty members were present. ‘Minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. 348 PROCEEDINGS, The following gentlemen were duly elected ordinary members of e Society :— Amos, Robert, Sydney. Harris, John, ‘Sydn y- Poate, Frederic, Summer Hill. West, Dr. Glebe. > Wright, Frederic, Sydney. The certificates of eight it a were read for the second time, and of five for the first It was resolved that ‘elie W. G. Murray and A. §. Webster be appointed Auditors for the current year. Eighty-six donations were laid upon the table. ig following papers were read :— “On - the Transit of Mercury,” by Mr. H. C. Russell, BA, “On th e importance of a Comprehensive Scheme of Water ge foot Oanalisation for the future welfare of the Colony,” by r. «The influence of Australian Forest Trees on the vaporization of Water,” by Mr. T. W. She = rd. Attention was drawn to some specimens of cretaceous fossils from a well on the Dunlop Station, Darling River (lent by Mr. Chesney), by Prof. Liversidge. 349 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. . DONATIONS—1891. The names of the Donors are in Jtalics. 3 TRANSACTIONS, JOURNALS, Reports, &c. ABERDEEN :—The Aberdeen University Calendar, 1881-82. . The Z oe ELAIDE : = Report of the South Australian ers -° A Proc Treatise on Tree Culture in South pena in y “ins The Government Printer. a of the Progress and Condition of the Botanic Garden and overnment Plantations during 1880. exp nitilabe Meteorol e Government Botanist. si, ogical Observations made at the Aaelaii ripe ines, ote he Gove Obse: —Verslagen en Mededeelingen der saci erooiserates van — happen, Tweede Reeks, Deel XV, 1880. Jaar k van de Koninklijke Akadamie van Wete nschappen. ay oyal Academy of Races, Amsterdam. _ “UCKLAND :—Report of the pee: Institute and Museum The ‘att B stitute. : t :—Annual Report of the School of Mines, 9 Feb. The Registrar, Ballaarat Rehoo! of Mines. Bumvore: :—Studies from the —— Laboratory, Nos. 1 and 2. Chesapeake Zoological L abora = ging 1878. The American Journal of Philology. Vol. 1 1880. ~ Ameri x ” 2. ys - Oct., 1881 a, rican Chemical Journal * Dg 6. Bel, 18006 > 23 ” 3: 3. 9 4. soit ae : ae ” 79 Eos ss 5 ec. . _ American Journal of Mathematics ;, 3.» 1. March, 1880. ” 1° March, 1881. : a Hopkins University Ci Circulars. Nos. i Annual Report of the Johns Hopkins University, 1880 The Johns Hopkins University. Seeppestaiong Sort Kéniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wis- Taly, Sept Bepietser, October, — Dec ember, 1 January, F February, March, April, June, July, and Angus, yo eet 350 ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. Berne :—Bulletins de l'Institut Géographique International, 1 October, 1880. L’ Institut Géogr aphique e International. Bonn :—Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereines der Preuss! ischen. Rheinlande und Westfalens, Ser. 4, Vol. V., Halfte ro a VI 1 an ” 2? “Fe 3? te jo Ves oe 1880. The Society. Boston Mass., U.S.A. :—Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts New Series, Vol VII, ew Series, Vol. VI Whole a Vol. Parts 1 and 2. The Academy. XV. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, Vol. aL TIL Part Prooselings 0 ‘of the Boston Society of Natural History, Vol. XX. Onuanional Par rs of the Boston Society of Natural History, No. II., 1880. gs = The Society. - Bremen :— Abhandlungen, ee vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, Band, 7, Hef The Society. Bru: —Annales Astronomiques, Tome III. — Series. 1880. danas Météorologiques, Tome I, Part 2 Annuaire, 1880 an Observations Météorologiques eS. 1878 and 1879. ratoire Royal de Bruxelles. Procés-Verbaux des Séances de la soca Royale Malacologiqne de Belgique, Tome X. Jan. 8, Feb. 5, March 5, April 2 188) Bulletin de V'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres, ¢ des Beaux-Arts de Bel, Tome 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. Annuaire. 1879, 18801881, the Ae CALCUTTA : icdca sc of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Nos. i, 8, = a : 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9. 1881. - Journal of the Asiatic Spoiety of Bengal. Vol. XLIX.. Part Nos. 2 and 4 — ee mber to Part < for 1880 ” Ey Nos. 2, 3, d 4. te) ” 99% 1, 2, 3, and 4. 2 9 pee: | » I 2, 3, and 4- wat Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Vol. xNL fat hae ae “fee TX XI Vol. Ill. Part 2. a 1. (Cnn Fossil Flora of the Gondwana System. 3 Rents of the Geological Survey of India. vol. XL Parts ” XIV. Part. The sagiaical of the Geological Survey F India. ytechnische? CARLSRUHE :— ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. 351 P icetnce - gcaengegea'y of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. Vol. Ill. Parts 7 and 8 oe of the Cambridge —— ee: Bh IV. Part 1. | L XIL Part 1 The & Catalogue of the Books in the Cambridge Free Library. Part 1881. “Ret eference Depart Twenty-fourth and twenty- fifth Annual Report The Cam bridge Public Free eet) Cumeipce (Mass. U.S.A.) :—Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Vol. VIII. Nos. 1 to oe ‘faclsiies useum. “ Psyche.” oe of the Cambridge Entomological Club, forece Vol 78, 80, 81, $2, 83, 84, 85, 86. The Ed Gumus 2 Paige! of the Norwegian North Atlantic eatin z On the Air in Sea Water. . On the Carbonic Acid in I. Chemistry. ‘Sea Wate By Hercules Tornde. 3 On the Amoun + of Salt in the wale of the I. orwegian Sea ii Zoology. Fishes, by Robert Collett » Gephyrea, by Drs. D. C. Danielssen and J. Kore The Editorial Committe ce. less gaia de l’Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de — VI, Ser, 3 1880. The Academy. :—Zeitschrift des K. Siichsischen Statistischen Bureaus. Vol. XXVI, Heft 1 and 2. The Bureau. Mitthe Dr as der Verwaltung der Konigl-dffenlichen Bibliothek = 1876- caaead Direction der Kéniglichen Sammlungen fiir Kunst und Wissenschaft 2u Dresden. —Proceedings of the Ro “8: Academy— Polite Literature &e. Val Ser. I. eG a6 Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy— Ane Saarebirs, Vol. XX VIL. ST Sites XXVII. 1 tod The Academy. SS of the Royal Sucety of Edinburgh— Recast 1878-79. S Transacti ete Edinburgh SEs ons of the > Royal Society of Edinburgh— ol. XXIX. Session aoa Aga The Society. Proceedin. f th: bite ef poe ia o lo e he Royal Physical Society The Society. Transactions. and Proceedings of the Botanical Society— ol. XTV. Part 1. 1881, z . The Society. pat Archi di Antropolo, in. lg. Recolog = Vol. XL gb a eas Sasaarages pologi ons a A/M. oe iiber die Senckenbergische Sai ciiewshande _ Gesellschaft. 879-80. ne Abhandlungen.. Band XII. Heft 1 and 2. The Society. Saag - — National Genévois. ie fates. 352 ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. GorrmnceN :—Nachrichten von der K. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und i. der Georgia Augusta. Universitat. 18 Kénigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Haarune: :—Archives du Musée Teyler. New Ser. II. Vol. I. Part 1. mee Bibliotheque du Musée Teyler. Archives Néerlandaises des Sciences ope et Naturelles. Tome XVI. Liv. 1 and 2. ” goocité Hollandaise des Sciences. Hatirax (Nova Scotia): dT: ctions of the Nova Scotian tute of sedan Sconce Vol. V. ot Ill. 1880-8 The Institute. Hate (A.8.) :—Nova Acta cadena Ceeeyet Leopoldinens-Carolinae cae Naturae Curios wi; Leopoldina. Heft 16, , Kaiserlich Taspolienial Carolinisch Deutsche Akademie ¢ rs Naturforscher zu Halle A, . come te ger oe oa der Geographischen Geaiiiaiaaees in Hamburg. t1. 188 Dr. Ludwig Leichhardt’s —- an seine Angehorigen von Dr. G. Neumayer and Otto , Geo graphischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg: HEIDELBERG :—Verhandlungen des Naturhistorisch- Medicinischen Vereins zu Hei g. Societ N.F. Band IIL. Heft 1. The Society. ‘Hozart :—Report of the Salmon Commissioners for 1880. The Commisso: pe vate prea e eth of Papers and Proceedings, and Report of ee ges Society of Tasmania for 1879. The Towa en nee :—Bulletin of ~ Iowa Weather Service, January, ruary, March, and Apri ine Director of the Iowa Weather poe JENA :—Jenaische Zeitschrift fiir Naturwissenschaft, hera rausgegehen _ Band edicinisch—naturwissense chaftlichen v Gonclecha ag N.F, rar Nee os Tere “ Heft z The Society Lausanne :—Bulletin de la Saag Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles— he Sock Vol, XVII. Nos. 84, 85, 86. Lezps :—Seventh Annual Report of the Yorkshire College, 1880-517, se Sixty-first Annual Report of ee Council of the Leeds Philos "and Literary Society, 1880-81. The Society LizcE :—Annales de la Société Geto e © Belgique— Vol. VI. 1878-79. 1M 7 ity Pl. 4,5, 6 The Society E :~Annales de ta ea Go du Nord— society» Vv eee aes a soty of er yiayeee Pine rg of the Literary and Philosophical © a Vol RE XII 1878-9. soci = 1 XXXIV, 1879-80. aM i ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain x and Ireland. ae Vol x, Nos. 2, 8, and 4. Lee ho. Vol XL ,, 1, and 2 his Inetiboti cc Me ee Seinaat of rae ti seat Soc iety— ‘tog Botany, Vol XVII. Nos. 109, 110, 111, 112, 113. se 85, 86, 87, and 88. i ea wet ot, 2 wit KY ~ List of Members, . October, 1881. The Societ pee . Raper o rnati onal "Sion Committee Mesting a ne aay ie -officia ere, . Report vf the Meteorological *Gouneil to the Royal Society for the year erie : g3l Marc , a Sham PW enktiie port ey ne betes er Office. New Ser. es 6 - Official No. 33. Part I —Mareh, 1876. ae ae mae teorological Oe Vatiele | wn a phage of the cui Society. Spoke No. 36. ‘ vA et Er ; List £ Fellow ibe sNoteorelk 1 Society. | aot of Fellows of the Meteorologica Se _ The Annual Address of the Pale of the Meteorological Society. . 2 19 January, 1881. kia he oc pels Storms of January 17 to a fe : The Society. "i roceedings of << vig or — “of Loni on. yea : J Vi ol. LV. D 2, 3, 4 : The Society. ! fc) 1 Ai : urnal my the Queket Misiauoeiat Club. he Cheb: a! oe The Journal of the Roya Asiatic Society of Great Britain 9 ee. cig oe , 2, 3, 4 ete i Monty Notices “3 the Royal Astronomical Society. ee a s. 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7, a . be . ne The ete Be seeardens, ‘stitution of Naval Architects. x to Transactions of the Institution of Naval. Phe Toalhibon. : Royal Colonial Institute. 13 880-8 hace rt of thd Cdancit 30 June, 1881. apteerr es a gins The I nstitute. oo ; Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 8, 9, nat th 12: The Society. <= | ions ol. 4 eeaWedae ‘of the Royal Historical Society. Pie Rocke 4 the Royal Institution of Great Britain. Part UI. No. 72. _ Apprttoss TO LIBRARY. i ipts- Part P72 Pa —continued. Ben ede “thicphia I Transactions “ = eo reed of London. — 1 arr 127, 1 28, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, nda 137. 1881. _ The Calendar of the Pharmaceutical Society of Grea bourg, Section des Sciences Naturelles. To he Institute. MAncuesrer : —Transactions of the Manchester Geological Society. Vol. XV. Parts 10, 10, a. 1879-9. ee o 18, inci. 1879-80. The Society. - Annual Report of the icigits f the Owens College. 24 June, 1881. : The College. ors - Memoirs = ger Literary and Philosophical Society, Manchester. Vol. 1879 Proceedings of the Manchester pees and Philosophical a a Vol. “XVI. Ses ” VIL ag i eee 1878.79. : ces : MER 155° 2879-80: The Society. sel. Manners: Thirty-seven (37) Medical Theses. The Univer ee — Vital oy ag of eons and magic, Year 1880. Censcs of i Approximate ope Religi ad the People ia. 2 H G estcthner Schedules, Tables 1 an Agricultural Statisties, 1880-81, Colony of Victoria, Year ending ; 31 March, 1 See Australian Statistics 1880. Preliminary Returns, Tables 1 and 2. ~ mote Statistical Register of the Colony of Victoria. Part I. Blue Book. _ Accumulation 3 eet connection with Friendly Societies. oe t Statist’ ze ye Vital Statistics of Melbourne bat Yeub ie porto on ee Sati, ie Chief lan setor of Mines for 1880. List of Fellows. 30 N ovember, 1880. - The Secly. ‘gest Sie - The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions. Pei Part 126. = Piehimths :—Publications de Institut Royal Grand-Deea de de Luxem- N cee “The 4 oural of the Iron and Steel Institute— 0 The Institute. = vin os of the Natural History Society of Montreal— - “1868,, 1869, ‘isi, 1878, 1880, 1831. _ Constitution and By- ie y, per Major L. A. Hi boty on Latour. Report of Progress for 1878-79. of ite yong: seed Survey of Canada.’ x he Di e Geological Survey of Canada. Moscow : :—Bulletin de He Sei innisils ye Naturalistes de Moscou~ © an BLO. But an ea :—Bulletin de ve oe Industrielle de Mulhouse— eS ite Roches pad December. ; erate January, sping ary, and March,. April, May, June, yard a 1 Yi ae = sittings aus der Zoologischen Susins Neapel— - Band IL., Hef (Dr. Dohrn) Tomouat Station. Nev EUCHATEL : 2 aw de . = été cat Pinay Naturelles de Neuchatel, — Tome XII, Cahier Deuxiem The Society. aa :—Natural — Pranchiae o Northumber- ’ land and Durham— Vol. I. iia, 1; 2; and 3: er » land 2, 1869-0. y> LVand2 1871-2 ee pret ee 1873-5-7. le VL isis. a Fe en Arig Februar: ant October 1881. : tebe fg the North of England Institute of aia si Me - chanical Engi 29. 1879-80. Genet dex to Transactions, Vl — 25, 1852.76. Hatton. Dlustrations of Fossil Plants, by ey an logue of the Hutton Collection of Fossil Plants, by G. A. epi re : i f the Sti of: Nortinuabarand. and eae a pie Seg of the cae. Chemical Society. © oe ee oe cae 1. Nos.1-5. 1876-78, he ey ee 356 Sa ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY, © Penzance :~—Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Comal : Vol. X. Part Til. Jan The Society. —Transactions s oe ape Entomological Soci. Vol. | VIL. Nos. 1-4, Proceodings of the Rain Philosophical Society. Nos. 104, 105, 106. a , XVIII. sage Shae List Ms rat be 15 March, 1880. The Society. oy _ The Journal of the Franklin Instit 3 Vol ae Nos. 661, 662, 663, "66E, 666, 667, 668. . ar UR as baniceeer 112 6 , 672, : TRI aaa “Ninth Annua’ ual Report of the Board of Directars of the Zoological & Soci s a - of Philadelphia, 28 April, 1881 The Socie OO Pra Bers della reiag Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Process Verbali.. eR, 4 November, 1 5 ity. 3 Janu. uary and § May, 1881. The Soci ___ PiyMovrn :—Anniual Report and Transactions of oe hence Institution a rece a ra ce iy Be lee _ Rome aie della R. Accademia dei Lince : sd : Fase. 1 to 14 = Rater The Academy : i Atti ti dell’ Accademia Pontificia my Nuovi Lincei. ae ol: XXXIIT. Sessione Goes Sa ae. 2.2. SO os 1, & 3, 4,5, 6 oe : , 3a. ae _Nuort Tes: delli Rea dell’ ‘Arcadia, ean Aca = ttino R. Comitato Geologico cores No. She g — sae le2, 3¢4,5e6,7¢8, 9e10, 1880. The Society: 4 Bollettino de della ‘Sovieta Ge eogratica Ttaliana. “ es asc, a 11, 12, 1880. Cnn sabi, 4 Pe i Fok VL 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1881. The Society /‘Sauew: Bulletin of the Essex Institute. torical Collections. eas “Vol SVL tae a 1879. The Institue ~ ons of the see seogeie of Science of St. Louis. ‘The. seat. ‘ ETERSBURG : Ratlstin - l’Academie Impériale des Sciences. Tome XXV. No. ictiing 2 is 4 ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. wr —Witrttembergische Taebiicher ie sitet end Leonie. pande, Leche ese m K. Statistisch- Topographischen ae Bureau. Ban i Hulfte 21 1580. ees Band ” 188 The Bureau. i “Tahveshefte des Vereins fiir sp presaeyate Naturkunde in tp eset berg, 1881. The singe YDNEY oe bene art of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. ies ee VI. 2, 3 : The Society. a _ Appendix to Benj. Hadeien’ 3 Journey to Musadu. __ Australian Fossil Remains in Australi ~ Museum, Guide to. Krefit. i » Land Shells ti sit corns, Se Masters. : ee PE Retort del Mar Gi glioli coe - Geolo ogical Survey of Great coh and of Museum of Practical Geology, eae ’ London. : Monoine Il. Parts 1 and 2. ped he Tron Ores of Great Biitain. Part 1, “ vio-Marine Sees Isle of Wight. Uni ok Kingdom af J : S f—Dec LV. t Rij ae - ee iP, re in Ne ew Sou h Wale _G. B. Barto r Sy en oe Prose Writers = = oe South Wales. '@ B. Barton. _ Memoir on the Pen Europeus oi wha ompson. " Report of the mcndtacs sof the ‘Australian M 1880, ae : The Tr catas “of the Australian Museum. Geological Sketch Map of New Sout th Wales. oie a R és The Mining Department. ae = ts of Astronomical Observations at the Sydney Observatory in Spd aco nar ee Se ; nd aoe oo of Rain and River Observations in ag South Wales, 1880. are Aesults of Meteorological Observations in N w South Wales, ‘1876, ee 187, Sots eaten! ye a Hail Scuine 3 in New South ite H. C. Russell, BA., i BRAS. s in the Surface of Jupiter. “By x Aro aN of the Trustees, Sydney Free Public Library for hers? Sn Australasian 123, Aes : b Meilical Oe nch of the ‘British * fedical Association, vais Sauer Societa Adriatica di di Ssienze a aan a Bee Atti del Reale Istituto senaeho a sin eta Tome VI. Ser V. Nos. dghese yy. : : 7» Gesell 3 NBR a _ ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. VimwsA—contin ued. Vethanalangen der ms K. Geologischen Reichsanstalt. No. 14-17. 1879. e rs 18. 1880. 1881. The Society. Sitaungsbieht der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathe- —Naturwiss : Classe Band LXXXI. Heft 1-5. LXXXII. po gen Ot Ry sie Nie Fs eee LXXX1. “ “ . OS Oo to BOD ee bo b lee wWwwnrb — “ “ se LXXX 1 Register “den Baen a1 0 der Sitzungsberichte der Math.- Naturw.: Classe oi K. aiehuae der Wissenschaf: oe Band 9. Academy. ae oe ik der Oesterreichischen Gesellschaft fiir Meteorol. Band . Jan. to Dec. 1881 (in ad XVII. Jan Geologie des Zinnes von Dr. Eduard Reye "The ociety. Verhandlungen der K.K. Zoologissh-botanschen Gossilechatt m i XXX. 5 2 aw ; Wien. Jahrbiicher der K.K. Gchecal anid fiir ere ee und Erdmag- netismus. Band XVII. Erster Theil. The Society. _) Wasnrxorox :—Bulletin of the = 8. a ws eas aphical Survey of Vol Nos. The rab of the Sisearnel. oi Geogr phil — ey of the Territories. angers to Navigation in 1 Pacific Ocean, Se. ict cam to First Edition, No. Rm 0. isk Directions for the Kattegat, Sound, &c., &c., Baltic Sea. No. ree List Lights on the Atlantic, Gulf, and P ncife Coasts of the Uni _ States o f America. 0.5. 1 July, 18 the List of ga of South and East Coasts ry roe and Africa and Bast Fadi ‘ ; ndies 0. # 10 August, 1881. List of Lights of Atlantic Mei shh mt No. sty. 20 October, 1881. U.S. Hydrog apne) Notices. No. 34 to 70 (incl.) 1881. = Ae Index * N ; 1880. otice to Ma: to 84 (incl.) ¥ List of Charts and Plans pablished and withdrawn. Quarter ending 30 June, 1 ding 30 Sept., 1881 2 Charts—Harbours of Weat Coast of Mexico . Haber of Guatulco, Santa Cruz, and Tangola Tangola. No. 877. Bene ar Grande Harbor. No. 878. nachos =A Daily Bulletin of Weather Reports. Kou and May, 1877. Report of the Chief Signal Officer. 1879: The Signal ‘Ofte Annual Rep the Director of the Mi 0 June, i he wich g the oa Treasury Department. a Th _ Report of U.S. Coast Surv e ney, he 0. 'S. Coast and Geodetic Survey O, i: US. and Wom and Geographical nes of the Territories of 1 BC . 1877. Hayde: the Geological Surrey of the Territories Vol. XI. cock ater Rhizopods ot N. Ameri oe et on. pee Seottiats us of the Inter ae US. numa Surveys West of the 1 h Meridian. Vol. VL eo ae The Chief of of Engineers ~ig Army. 2 Ma First Agia Report of the United States aero sainag Surv wee Cla nce Kg Director: ms U. 8. -Geomaphical Racyers West of the 100th Maridiah : | J. If. Astr and Barometric Hypsometry. 2 ig bed Til. Geo Se ? Sy Oa j » LV. Paleontology. oe oa Se cranes 2 I. Bot Tomi Atlas sk Geographical ti d Surveys West graphical Explorations an y' the 100th Meridian. (Wheeler.) Crayon. Consisting of 8 ¥ Capt. G. M. Wheeler, Corps of Beginet®s U. S. Army. Mearns of be Pi Pressures in Cannon. By Dr. W. E. Wood- bridge. ‘The Orde dance Department. rts of Geol 1 Explorations during 1879-80. ace: eet oie RS « The Director, init RE two. ce eras New Zealand | ster are and» Pinaceae of the New se eT ty lungary). ik hrvatskoga Arkeologickoga Draztva sd _ Broj. 1, 2, 4, : ; a The Sicko! MISCELLANEOUS. iS z 1Q : (Names of Donors in Jtalics.) : : Washington, 1821. woes 0 et oe et ! cous Trea Veight a Mnonatieal subjects Landon, W716. 2 H. EB. Kater. ; gg hten, ols. 76 to 80, incsiv, complete me en incom W. J. MacDonnell, F.-RAS. Daily F rancid Bree 2 Aer aatectcal Tables aad Forintiles, London, 1827. H. B. Kater. Bale Fred. Manson, F.L.S. Petes Fan Wo rld of Australia. ge 1881. Ton ey J. BE. Tenison~Woods, F.L.S., &. f Bag cass Mathenaatical Tables, London, 1814. ary Practical Treatise on the Sliding Rule, London, 1822. pag he ae ufoy, Col. Mark, F.R.S. Nautical and Hydraulic aan Vol. I. London, 1834. - Biot, J. B. ; "pride Elémentaire de Physique Expérimentale. Tome, 1 Land 2 Pais hae - "Bland, Mi a HRS. &e. mee. ~ Geometrical Problems. Cambridge, 1827. Rr ies + © Rebwenberier’ oa Grek. ie _ Astronomie. Tiibingen, 1811. te nie Seon m M: y ; ak io has a Paris, 1820. ee epanig > see ects Localitiés des ae ‘Australiennes, des Iles Salomon, d’autres Tles | e ».. Notes on Fesent Motinsea found iit "Port sheet and on the hen ‘New South Wales, and other localities, with sie Synomgma dent Remarks on Megapodits Brazieri. The Bulletin du ~ jes Nos. 39, 41, 42, 47, 49. (ae ‘ Clarke Hf yde F the Khita aa She el Ep an 1e a Orin of the Rom: ied ca nection of the Magyar an and Ugrian tions. ae .e and its relationship to prehistoric populat of now ee On the ethene “y Geiiiog: cal Reasoning on other branches i aot es: Protohistoric Relations of the nee ee ion, and on‘the Eyes of Mongolians. asht, the Moon, and the i in | ADDITION s- sai LIBRARY. sain of the Celestial Mechanics of alin Part the A, E. Kater. as * . % * ‘ Rnlese — . The Great yee Plain ; its Past, Present, and Future. — rete leg The Author. Bitton, W. H., M.D., F.R.S. : ae auslenical Shctch of the vicinity of nee London, 1833. _ H. E. Kater. ‘Fleming, Sandford, C.M.G. : _. The adoption of a Prime Meridian to be common to all Nations. : The Author. te “Foreign Scientific Papers. Vols. 1, 2, 3. nate S Foreign Scientific Tracts. 1 vol. ay 3 HE, Kater. Slee Gacrue A. M.D., D. Sc., Edin., F.R.S.E. :-— px. ; The Author. The action of Duboisia on the Cirentation. 4: eae erg dl aie 2 ‘ ; “Traite Elémentaire de Physique. Tomes 1 et 2. Paris, 1803. H. £. Kater. ‘ erschel, J . F. W., M.A., and James South, F.R.S., &e. a POhsecvations ‘of 380 Double and Ska Stars. pce aS Kater ee F. W;}, A.M., F-.R.S. : "The a of Finite Differences. . Cambridge, 1820. H . H. Kater. Information for intending Emigrants to Tasmania. Hugh M. Hull. ater, Captain Henry, F.R.S. : ; A ren re Vertical Floating ‘Collimat or. London, 1828. ma A description of an Escapement for an Astronomical Clock. London, An account. of the construction a d_ verification of a copy of Amperial Stan tian ‘Var ate fo th Hoyl Se ie = = A Zee Ay, ca nta Treatise on. ebb sso and Integral c us. ss ie Paris, 1823. | ' - coe dar 6 Geologie un ond: Geognosie. Heidelberg, ee 7 Kater | a . AL ROS, B , BGS, Be, 8: va Be a e Chemical, Analysis, arrang The Auth es Piveres on Astronomy and Instruments. ‘a vol. ee Papers on Astronomy and Natural Philosophy. 1 vol, ~ Poinsot, L. ; Elemens de ak Paris, 1821. Hof. Kater. , i i 362, PET: "ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. ¥ Requisite Tables for Nautical Ephemeris, London, 1802. a ee 1881, ‘Tate, Professor Ralph, F.G.3. sig Sor Fredk. S., 1 Rainfall an d Water Conservation in New South Wales. Projet of an iikaakic on Canal in the Valley of the Nepean. The Author. Register of Medical Practitioners for 1882. Medical Board ef N.S.W. — on the Ss gue Experiments made by the late Captain Henry Foster, R.N. Daten: 1834. H, E. Ketter. Report of Select a a, Mineral Lands Act, es ” Tasmania. - Mineral Resources, West Coas ” ‘i Gold Fields Regulation Bill, ” Railway Extension, Boat E ti aT 1815-16 and 1824. Reports iis ions round Tasmania. an Hugh M, Fill Requisite Tables for Nautical Sr Sea esicdiaiaa Table of hoon Verse Sines. London, 1 i. LES ‘Reyer, E. Zinn, Eine Geologisch-Montanistisch- Historische a pees = Rules and iy laws, Southern Tasmanian Rifle Association. ae Hugh M. Hull. — Capt. Edward, R. . idiahsin on Expres London, 1825. i. £. ze nosing _ On Rail Spactlisatiise and Rail Inspection in Europe. The Author. Scientific Tracts. ve = The Doctrine aa fey ‘Application of Fluxions. London, 1750. ree Sor TUniformits de la Stiiscicdctars des Grandes Divisions de I’Bcoree © Terrestre. (Bologne, 1881.) ppeumaseenes oon On the. Australian’ Terti ac aa peed about. ot ae Wa field. Fan _ Descriptions of some some New Species of South Australian Pulmonift Destin ofa New Specie Raleetite fron te Seer ’ ns of the Pulmoniferous vt | " Star Tables. “London, 1827 H. BE. Kater, baste Hon. James pels ss Pla ADDITIONS am; LIBRARY. aie Bendigo School of Mines Science Society Inaugural Ad jin 20June,> 881, The Registrar, School of Mines and Industries, Bendigo. > Canadian POETS ag Vol. IX. Nos. 1, 2, pe o : Major Dowh ” Huguet Latour, M.A, Circle (from the Edinburgh Encyclopedia). Be ss H. EB. Kater, The Gazette Almanac, 1881. (Montreal.) Major L. A. Hugh Sodas nares F.G.S. : Report on Mines, Ben poutine and St. Paul’s River, Tasmania. » West Coast, Tasmania. Se ae oo GI iedatatics "Mena Roe, and Waterhouse, Panini: Hugh M. Hull. : "Weads-Te Tenison, Rev. J. Ey ELS. PGS, &6. et Geology of Northern Queensla cag one Clocks, and Supplement., London, 1828. H. B. ‘Riter- PERIODICALS PURCHASED IN 1881. | ) ee: i es ‘des hg et Physique. ‘ ; | ds 1 Journal (‘Trimen). News. ‘cheep f of ity of At the Photographic Society _ ADDITIONS: 10 LIBRARY. Booxs Pumesiaien: Ix 1881. AP ahaa Australian Dictionary = Dates and Men of the Time. owe eo “apenas Hand Book, 1881. ar ‘Bneyclo opedia a Britannica, | Vols. XI and XH. er Museum s Introdu a f Animals. Pe Nature. Vols. 1 a Bocioty: Vol. 35. i Percy’s Metallurgy : ear ar, Refractory Materials, and Fuel. up ” ” e Silver and Gold. Part I. cas Philosophical “Transactions of the Royal Society, London, from 1801 t 4 1873. 90 vols. | Rankin’s Misee llane: Beuneaieals 4 “elle Becks Fisico orn. in Italia. Vols. 18" yn ci 879, 1 8 Report of the Scientific Results of the Seepage Voyage * H. M. ** Challenger,” 1873-76. Zoology. Vols. I ~ Wagner's pees der Technischen Chemie, 1880. : ‘ ison htas &c., IN THE Soctery’s COLLECTION. ee 3 Agassiz, Louis J. R. Engraved by C. H. Jeen. Piatt ote _ and misses K.C.B., PRS. By T. HL espe " : ae, - Ansted, Davi Thos, M.A, ERS. BGS By T, H. Maguire. _ Bowerbank, J. F. By T. H. Magu ae - Beche De la, Sir Hersy" Thomas, WV. P. R. s. Painted by H. P. Bone. Be a ! _graved by W. Walker. ao wares Thomas, ieee By T. H. Magui RA oe _ Brown, Robert, D RED) PRS. Painted by Ww. Pickeregill eee ae Engraved by Chee. F Brown, Robert, D.C.L., LL.D, F.R.S. By T.H. Maguire. "i ee Buckland, Rev. William, D. Tk F.R.S. Painted by Thomas Phillips, RAL sy Engraved by Samue 1 Cousins. G8. By Carpenter, ‘Bice B., C.B., M.D., LL-D.,. F.B.S., sagen, . Children Toke. Govecas F.R.S. ‘Engraved by E. U. Eddis. | Senter Rev. W. B. »M. A., F.R.S. PP aintad by igor? Anivitti_ oto i] a Charles, ERS, MA, PGS, 6 Ss. ke By . wharles, F es M.A., PGS, F.LS., tiste, SERS. heath its H. dean. 6-5 ERS. PRBS: seid ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY. . William, M.A:, F.R.S., F:L.8. B: » . Mage Edwin Hay M.A., F.B.S. | ” nee. Engraved b oe” "H. Jeen. Mati Sir Roderick lag fares wg F.R. ef Engraved by Ww. H. W. Pickersgill As ; pdarick Taper: Bart., K.0.B., F.R.S. By T.H . Maguire. Sir Isaac, gen painting LW. “Gandy. i junior, 1706. Drawn on 8, Richard, C. B., F.B.S. “— by W.. Walker. % T. H. Maguire. ps, John, F.R. B Mogain Sg ae ree: 20 a F.G.S. y T. H. Maguire. aie Pov The Right Hon. Lyon, C.B., M.P., F.R.S., LL.D. By 7. H ire. ¢, Lovell, F.R.S. By T. H. Magu ye ~abine, Genet Sgr Edward; K, C.B., "E. as hase : uy ue Sir Robert Hermann, P.R.S., KCB. . — by Louis Me May guire Sabriel fan. sgl cok i r ate arles Neycilte, F.R. as LD. Engraved by C. H. Jeen. 3 ay i Bas ”? all, John, PRS, LLD. eed by ©. H. Jeon. hie, Geog R. By T. H. Maguire ra, aR e, Sir Charles, F. RS. Engraved by C. H. Jeen. Roret PLAster Busts. ~ Her Maseaty “ Queen. — Michael Angelo. on. Marte Georges Cuvier. William arvey- Baron F. H. A. bog ‘aii ie Sir Isaac Newto: ‘Donations T0 THE Sooner’ s ae 1881. nof i Be Ea d Minera Sian Go t eval 2 of 0: tet and Lectures on Geo. y- W. H. Mihara ; Tomahawk from the ileiuard specimens £ P nal: Riv from a Mud Spring in the Flinders, MADE BY THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, | 1881. The publications for Europe are sent eee Messrs. Tritbner & Co., London for the United States of America and Canada are forwarded, via London, to the care Messrs. Wesley & — Agents for the carves luatibltes and in all other cases, oe Bp a ont rovided or, the parcels are transmitted by veek y of Ne oe “Se % sp ecennerien ms to the Society are acknowledged by letter, and in the ee Annual _* Exchanges of Foublieationl have been received from the Societies and Institutions =~ co 1.—Journal of the Royal Soe: eae: > New South Wales, 1880. Ps ee of the Mining Department of N.S. W., 1880. iste Ee ae AMERICA (UNITED STATES). Eas . - Albany.—*New York State Library, gic Nos. 1, 2. Annapolis (Md.).—Naval Academy. No. ltimore,—*Johns Hopkins’ University. > os. 1, 2. Beloit (Wis.)—*Chief Geologist. Nos. 1, 2. Bs —*American Academy of Arts and — tye eee Bei ae *Boston Society of Natural History. Nos. 5 . Buffalo.—*Buffalo Society of Natural PEER oe L . Cambridge,— “The Museum of Comparative Zoology : Harvard < lege. Now 1, an | *Editor of Psyche,” Nos. 1,2. aaa decane AND PRESENTATIONS. 367 Pildephin—" denny of Natural Science. es can Entomological Society. “Nes 4: 2. yy * Amer rican — ree Society. 8. 1, 2. : *Franklin Ths Nos. 1, oh oological Sooloty ‘of Philadelphia. age 1 ps . oa Renee) saben Acaltons of Sciences. Nos a x Institution. ae ro. St, Louis "Academy of Sei ence. Nos. 1 Washington. or Agricn nitu Nos. ”» “*De F. Vv. Hayden Gealogics} Survey at "Tertitorien os. 1, ” *Hydrogra hip Office. Nos. 1, 2. ty *Smithsonian Institute. Nos. I, 2. . xd *War Department. Nos. 1,2. - ee _ *Chief Signal Officer (War Department). Nos. 1 ‘ » *Director of the Mint (Treasury Department). Now ” *The Secretary (Treasury Department). Nos. 1, 2. » " *The Secretary (Navy Department). Nos. 1, 2. » a UB a Bapey ahr riice oe . = ” *Bureau of Navigation (Navy Department). ” *The Secretary (Department of the tak ie on *U.S. "National Museum (Department of the Interior). : om: Be *Bureau of Education (Department of the Interior). » *Office of Indian Affairs (Department of the Interior). haat: “Surgeon General (U.S. Army). Nos. 1, 2. arn *Chief of Engineers (War Deere ent). Nos, iG 2. beh *Philosophical Society. Nos. 1, 2. ang Sager “American Medical Association, Penusylvanis/Avenae. : ; oe No. 1. ; Sead _ United States Patent Office. 4% I, 2. Oe 2 *Ordnance Department. Nos. 1 pre AUSTRIA. —*Koniglich bihmische Gesellschaft der. Wissenschaften, es Trioste —ociet’S Adriatica di Scienze secs aae! Nos. 1, 2. : : mn ac e fiir M *K.K. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft. N wha Ei —— Anstalt fiir pes und -hetismn, No. iF rt 368: ° user os “EXCHANGES AND PRESENTATIONS.’ | ; ee te ‘ GREAT BRITAIN AND THE COLONIES. 63, Birmingham. —The Midland Institute. Nos. 1; 2. ee erange: —*The Philosophical Society. Nos. 1, 2. 5 *The Public Free Library. Nos 1, 2. . aig The Union Bocieiy: Moe! Ry S 67. The University Library., Nos. 1 68. Sidies, —Dudley and Midland Geological and sists Society. Nos. 7 ae 69. ae. Philosop hical and Lit terary Society. Nos. I, 2. 70. *The Packt College. Nos. 1, 2. 71. Journal of Conchology (Office, St. Ann Street). Nos. 1,2. 72. Liverpoal, —*Literary and Philosophical Society. Nos. 1, 2. 73. London. — Editor, Cassells Encyclopedia. Nos. 1, 2 ” ial O 0 -street. Nos. 1, 2. 75. - Editor, Popular Science Review. Nos. 1, 76. 3 *Quekett Microscopical Cl os. 1, Tis iS *The Admira : The Agent General (two ¢ es). Nos. I, 2. We iv *The Anthropolog sey Institute of Great Heitain and ] wi No. 80, ne The British Fala Nos. 1, Shh at The British Museum (two copies). "toa. j 82. v5 The Chemical Society. N y = The Entomological Society... No. 1 ra The logical Society. ; 85. i‘ The Museum of Practical Geology. Nos. 1, 2. 6. CC, *The Institution of Civil Engineers. Nos. 1,2. 7. ” “The Institution of Naval Architects. Nos, 1, 2. 8s. 3 *The Li li S , > ped 89. ” on I tion. Tos 90. = *The Meteorological Office. No as, gt. a *The 1 gig ars Society. No. Nos 92. ” *The Physical Society, South ucaton Museum. hg WE *The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and flan ee: r Nos. ’ ; a Paes *The Royal Astrono. mical Soci iety. No. 1. as *The Royal Colonial Institute. Nos. 1, 2. eee *The Royal College of Phyaisians No. 1. Ms geo “the Roya Jollege « of eg hea "No. tail : ere a *The ] OY a. G ical Socie ty. Nos. ay me i is ae nie *The Roy: Tistorieal 8 Socie No. 1. x hee res 100. yy PERS Royal] nstitu tion of Great Britain. Nee 1, ee My “i ety ae aay Ko. ae moe ee iectctytk= —*Natural History ae a Northumber- asi a and Newcastle-upon- Ty *Clicmneal Socie Nos *North of England institate of iain: and Mechani Bol: Boz Nos - Oxford. —1The seutanless Library. ack *The Bodleian Library. _ Nos ra *The Radeliffe Li Library. | Nos. 1,.2. 2, *The Radcliffe Observatory. Noi i, - Penzance.—*Royal Geological Society of Cornwall. Nos. 1, 2. . Plymouth.. meres and Cornwall Natural History Society. Nos. 127. Truro.—*Miners’ A mebdk ation of Cornwall and Devon. Nos. 1 % i ee Society of Great Britain and Irela nd. Neat og. *Royal Botanic Garden. "No: *Eaitor, aie es gy Pim aE Messrs. A. and c. lac ry Bh Gasgon rn Sa ociety. “Nos. 1,2 ORS sae Ne *The University. Nos TRELA Dui Royal va ta ead Society ye] se % Nos. 1, 2 APE OF Goop HOPE. caye Town. —*The Philosophical Society. Nos. 1, 2 Tue DomrNion OF Cana we Halifax (Nova Scotia).—* Nova Scotian Tustitat® of Natural sere Nos ar Hemiiton (Canada West). Scientific REET Rec Pe cea ea “Natural History Societ Soh Maseeat: * Nos. 12 es —Academy of Natural Bipot Nos. ape ae Ca oe Nos. 1, sick ar ieee ead ake s —Thn Asie Sait of Not 1, 2; The Geological ares *The Geologic * y of India. Now 1,2 ‘870 =——s—t*~S:«séiceS “AD PRESENTATIONS. Iie a Mavrrrivs. 152. Port Louis. —The Royal Society of Arts and oe eg Nos, 1, 2. 153. Société d’Acclimatation. Nos Ba New Soutn WAtEs. : 154. Byaney.— The Australian Club. No. 1 155, *The Australian Museum. Ro. E. 156. a *The Free Public Library. i597. ”. *The Linnean Society of N.S.W. No. 1 158. " *The Mining De t 159, an *The Observatory 160. Z The School of Arts. No. 1 161. % The Union Club. No. 1. 162. a The University, No. 1 New ZEALAND. 163. Auckland.—* Auckland Institute. Nos. 1, 2. 164. Christchurch.—Philosophical Society of Canterbury. Nos, 1, 2. 165. Otago.—Otago Institute. “ Nos. 1, 2. 166. Wagrnceee Seca Society. Nos. 1, 2. 167. *Colonial Museum. Nos. 1, 2. 168. “3 *New Zealan d Institute. Nos. dey (Forwarded per favour of the Wellington Museum.) QUEENSLAND. ee 169. vedegatines The Philosophical Society. Nos. 1, 2. é 170. *The A are oes ee on Society. No. 1. ; SoutH AUSTRALIA. t 370. ecemmune = Observatory. No. 172. *The South Australian institte Nos. 1, 2. — 173. ” *The — — os * 174, 35 e Gove at oor Nos Woo g bce ee *Royal Society of South Atria Nos. 1, 2. ey ts Nes TASMANIA. Pe ace Hobart Town.— “The Royal Society of Tasmania. No. 1,2 — i VICTORIA. 7 Melbourne.—"Th Government Statist Nos. 1, 2 . rvati my tS 188, Dijon. — 189. Lille.—*Soci 190. Montpellier Soci Soc Soe Soc Soc EXCHANGES AND PRESENTATIONS. FRANCE. été Geologique du Ls *Koni été d’Anatomie, No été d@’ Anthropologie. été de Biologie. N été de Chirurgie. No. été @ Baectiempean tind ime GERMANY. 186. a Académie des Sciences. Nos. 1, 2. -Caen.—* Académie Nationale des Science. Nos. 1 —* Académie des Sciences, Arts et patie tarsi Nos. 1, 2. Nord. Nos. 1, 2. —*Académie des Sciences et Lettres. aL: Paris —Acuini des aaa de l'Institut. Nos. 1, 2. Nos. 1, = 192, Editor Cosm: Nos. 1, 193. “Depot des Cartes. et Plans de la Marine. No. 1. 194, Ecole des Mine Ls 195, cole Miemals. fapeeeate, “* Ly 2 *Kcole Polytechniq Nos. 1, 2. aculté du Médecine. No. 1. Faculté des co de la Sorbonne. Nos. Ace Jardin des Plante: ees The caer es M onde Nos. | ay L’Observat Museum Histoire “Nefurtte Nos. 1, 2. Société Bota The Editor Rami des Cours Scientifiques. Nos. 1, 2. No. L 0. ry VIndustrie Nationale. Nos. ociété de Geographie. Nos. 1, 2. Société pean eae Nos. 1, 2 Socié os. 1 Société Nactbentaniaia de France. Nos. 1, 2. : Société gique. Nos. I, 2. ociété Philotechnique. a Pi 2. Société de Physique. Nos. tienne.—Société de Wiceaiak Unive No: 4; 2: —Académie des Sciences.. Nos ( Bremen —*Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein zu Bremen. Nos. 1, 2. riin.— Chemische Gesellschaft. Nos. i gliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Nos. 1, 2. Bonn,—*Naturhistorischer Verein der ———_ Rheinlande und esphalens in Bonn. Nos. 1, 2 ‘ Braunschweig. —*Verein fiir Naturwissenschaft zu Braunschweig. fs os. 1, 2 ne Carlsruhe,— Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein zu Carlsrahe. Nos. 1, 2. ee wl, 2 EXCHANGES AND PRESENTATIONS. wr F#m oh eis) SEW ails Ys getty Beta <5 ys ¥ Frankfurt a/M. bong ieee oe. a . Saxmy) Geen ie Akademi on Bs reiberg, hee: 1, es eee ear aee Gezellechaft zu Freiberg: 234. Gottingen. — Gage irs Genlicds she Wissenschaften in Guttin- gen. / 235. Gorlitz.—*Naturforschende feet Stare in Gérlitz. ‘Nos. 1, 2. 236. Halle A.S.—*Die Greece a he Leopoldinisch—Carolini Akadem Naturforscher zn Halle AS. _ Prussia.) sideg foes ; 2a ee Pal oY tee coe SS Nos. 1 Vou os Neterwiosensthaiche ge in . urg. 1,2. : 239. Heidelberg. —*Nabarhjetorisch Medicinische Gesellschaft zu Heidel- berg. Nos, 1, 2. ae 240. Jena.—*Medicinisch Naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft. Nos.1,2 241. Konigsberg.—*Die Physikalisch-ikonomische Gesellschaft. Nos. 242. Leipzig (Saxony). — University Library. oy io x Hin +243. Metz.—*Verein fiir Erdkunde zu Metz. Nos ; 244. Marburg.—*Gesellschaft zur Beférderung aa Cesamten igre : wissens chaften j in wer tees Nos. 1, 2 Suck: 245. *The University. Nos. : esi 246. Malhinae-< "Industrial Society. Sen nos _ 247. Munchen.—*Koénigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Miincben. ; Nos atk — 248. Stuttgart. —*Kinigliches = -Topographisches Bureaa 249. 9 *Der — fiir Vaterlindische Naturkunde in Wirt mberg. Nos “HUNGARY. 250. Bistritz Gin Siebenburgen). eae cr der occas 1. Zagreb (Agram).— *Societe krakeadvos! Nos. 1, 2. Ay : **; PRALNY ogma.—Accademia delle at dell’ Istituto. Nos. 42 70 “University Nos. 1, Le e.—*Societa Italiana di Ancorpologi edi Htonalogi No. Societa Entomolo, ogica Italian No. : ai Gonna —~ Monin Civico di Storia ee Nos Asti - . Milan.—Reale Istituto Lombardo di Scienze bli ror ‘ . o 58. _ Soviets Italiana di Scienze Naturali. Nos. 1,2 2. we ry 2 Monten Reale Accademia delle Scienze. Nos. 13 me Pte rat Nos. 1, 2. o x “Zoological Station (Dr. Dohrn}. “Nor : in EXCHANGES AND PRESENTATIONS. He | Sens : : Pisa —"Socicta Toscana di Scienze Naturali. Nos, 1, 2. f x So pee acta de Nuovi Lincei. Nos. 1, 2. ca, ircolo G phico a'Ttalia. Nos. 1, 2, Osservatorio del Collegio Romano. No. 1. e Accademia delle Scienza. Nos. 1, 2. » Regio Oaterraticic della Rano Universita. No.1 i Vedios — Saaeng ou ituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed ‘Asti, Nos. ty: JAPAN. ae ORES ae Society. Nos. 1, 2. ; RLANDS. | —*Academie Royale des Sciences. Nos. 1, 2. t *Société Hollandaise des Sciences. Nos. 1, 2. *La Bibliothéque de Musée Teyler. Nos. 1, 2. ‘ | ee ed 280, Bika ise No: s. 1 < : ‘ _ Christiania —*Kongelige Norske re Spee Universitet. Nos. 1, 2. RUSSIA. : eat! 2%. Norco. —*La Socié té Imperiale des Naturalistes. Nos. 1, 2. / 283, ty Petersburg.—*L’ Académie Imperiale des Sciences. Nos. 1, 2. cae Sa. SPAIN. - Madrid.— Instituto geografico y Estadistico. Nos. 1, 2. a Stokinin.— *Konaliga Svenska ka Ventonskapo-Akademia Nos. 1, 2. % SNE HZ *L'Institut Geographique Int ernational, Nos. 1, 2. Deiits.: —*Institute Nationel Genevoie. Nos. 1, 2. ogee ee " —*La Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelle, Nos. 1, 2. es Neuchatel — *Société des Sciences s Naturelles, Nos. 1 : ; Senter of Publications ek to Great Britain... sak India oe ge the Colonies... ee 7 i one } Euro eee 4 : Baitors of erect oe fp 1881, Ea Fama L se Be av te a ROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS — e "PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS - (IN ABSTRACT). —_— magni AND PHYSICS. 1 APRID, 1881. Mr. J. ee F.R.G.S., in the Chair. | I Ir was resolved that the following members be appointed. sas: bearers :—Chairman: Mr. H.C. Russent, BA. FRAS. Sec- retary: Mr. W. J. MAcponnELt, F.R.A.8. Committee: Messrs. aa Brooks, ERGS, Wowk Conner, J. ‘Tepevrr, BRAS, - ved, that the Hon. tary be re requested to send notices toal the members of the gris Booiaty of N. pal’ erou to interest - 6 MAY, 1881. Mr. H. C. Russet, B.A, F.RAS,, ‘in the Chair. as Ps Mr. Brooxs exhibited a Henderson’s “ Mensor,” Be erty. Bee dee, “sey compact form a number of philosophical an Eathcaaual Pe ruments used in surface and underground spice and Mr. Barxpy exhibited a series of drawings of the planet = ‘piter, in coloured crayons, taken during the opposition in 1880. Mr. M L exhibited a newly published translation of 08 Siderius Soe esd in which an account of his first tele- ss eee given barometer rea. d a plan of his own by means of which the and he men eo | “mee and effectively obtained, using g only an wafer nh _ 878 = PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. The Crarrman exhibited a photograph of part of the sun’s dise, ona scale of 17 inches to the sun’s diameter, showing the - able group of spots now visible. Mr. Russet, remarked that he ae had lately been observing Jupiter in the early morning, and that — — he noticed that the planet still showed a continuance of the disturbed state of the northern belt noticed at the last opposition. ome discussion took place on the various methods adopted in i limiting and controlling the exposure of solar photographs. Mr. Trevor J ONES gave some particulars of the means he employed to ensure a continuance of the water supply at the : Botany swamps during the late drought. 1 JULY, 1881. > Mr. H. G. A. Wricut, M.R.C.S., in the Chair. - ' _ Mr. J. Teppurt, F.R.A.S., read a paper on the star Lacaille # 2145, and R. Coronz 47 bei Mr. Brinpty read a few notes on the conjunction of Venus and eee ‘Satum, 6 June, 1880. AUGUST, 1881. ‘ Mr, H.C. Secinac: B.A., F.R.A.S., in the Chair. The CHatrMAN exhibited a Planté-F aure cell ie the storage | of electricity, and made some experiments with showing _ 0 ita — read a paper by Mr. Conder, of the Trigonome on the lengitrade i Moun — — by cs ee instrumen rs ean ‘the cme grac read a a paper Py Mr. J. Tebbutt, F. ie setae: by G. BE. Chambe: SEPTEMBER, 1881. oS Ge teas, 3A. F.R.AS., in the Chair. ik? Ach simi ck pw rn pete eee the Chairman i ates ode in different individuals, which he propose sh : th proaching conversazione of the 5 fe: ng solar eyepiece ; ipte-rsdbomaty —aaeaiaceted. de ie ig’ a gis oP pee Uae iaeh %y an i ; os _ PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. 379. On the Star Lacaille 2145. a, By Joun Tessurt, F.R.AS. te et before the Astronomical agg of the Royal Society of N.S. We, Y, 1881.] As I know our Chairman is especially interested in that depart- ment of astronomy which relates to double stars, I desire to draw his attention, and likewise that of the other members of the Sec- _ tion, to the star numbered 2145 in the Catalogue of Lacaille. en s star i is interesting both as a double and as a variable. It is to be ~ found in the catalogue co contained in Crossley, Gledhill, & Wilson's eatbook of Double Stars, but no hint is there given as to its § > the power « ins ent, driven by clockwork, and the closeness of the components, i object for measurement. The following are Position—Angle. No. of Obs. Distance. No. of Obs. : 2 5 12" 10-1° 12 2°42 4 So ee A i ee nee, gS —-- 880—=—<“‘é*S PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. On the Variable Star R. Carine. By Jony Tessurt, F.R.A.S. [Read before the Astronomical Cour f ne Royal Society of N.S. W.' 18. My attention was first directed to this star by the Uranometria ‘ie Argentina, a copy of which magnificent work was presented to me by the ways of the Argentine National eeesraph ae | in the ~ autumn of 1880. Perceiving from the remarks of Dr. Gould that it must prove one of the most remarkable variable mais south ni) of the equator, I at once placed it in my list of objects for regular ; systematic observation. The earliest record that I can find of the star is in Lacaille’s Catalogue of 9766 stars in the Southern — Hemisphere, where it is numbered 3932, and is put down as one of the 7th magnitude. It was observed three ae with the 2nd, 1826, and is ag are in the Brisbane. pas aes as No. 2551, with a magnitude of 6-7. It is next to be foundina Catalogue of seventy-six ruby-coloured or very y interes red insulated Stars, on page 448 of Sir John Herschel’s Results of Astronomical Observations at the Cape of Good Hope. Sir J. Herschel’s observations were mace on this star some time during the period 1834-8, and assign 80 intense sanguine star, between scarlet and carmin ae ‘ice observed at the Melbourne Observatory in 1867, namely, ce on March 31st, April 3rd and 5th, its magnitude on the ‘ir two a g estimated at 6-5 and 6-0 respectively. It fin a | ce inthe First Melbourne General Catalogue of 1227 Stars seduced _ epoch ev hoe and i is there numbered 480, with a a or mean position for that epoch is R.A. = oh, 36m. a tase ; . NP.D.= Ten 12’ 49-4". No mea however, seems vyaer : the minds of the ‘Melbourne observers @ 2 So The second estimate, July 6, showed the magni- tude to be about 5-7, whenthe star was correctly identified and syste- matic observations at once begun. > A careful and valuable series observations’ made b Mr. ‘Rock show the maximum to have occurred on J uly 17 of that year its brightness being then inter- thediate £ blished on p. 448 of i fey Observations, “ Herschel, who = 4 it as 8 mag., and was observed by Ellery at br hcoprpind aR ing at the rate of about one unit Say and the dura- um is very brief. Its red colour is” perceptible ‘ =e even while at the 10th magnitude. Following the already laid down, [have denoted the star by the sate t aware if. the Gondoha or any 0’ or observe ed the variations of this truly aaah: obj ¢ : ‘Tlth, 1880, and ime down to the Deo. fr 1850 850. It will now be seen from the table of co while the star was telescopic were made by means of x “comparisons the 4}-inch equatorial armed with a comet eye-piece, the field of _ which was sufficiently great to include the variable and the com- parison-stars at one view. Some few com parisons were made by meansof a34-inch refractor. At the close of the paper will befound two tables, one containing a list of the telescopic comparison stats, _ and theotherthe concluded magnitudes of th variable, for the whole period embraced by this paper. The co-ordinates of the compari- son-stars are given with reference to the variable itself, and were determined from observations with the filar-micrometer of the 44- inch mE RES Some of the stars were excessively faint under arti illumination, but their positions are sufficiently accurate for the purposes of ready identification. The comparisons of the variable were made with the utmost care. From May 11th tothe close of November the telescopic Mangas AMCS were employed, Owing to the brightness of the moon on November 14th and 17th the variable could not be seen sie the —. eye, but not- withstanding her presence on the 20th it could be readily seen without optical aid. From this time the is Ae were made by unassisted vision with a selection of stars from the Uranometria. _ So early as December 19th suspicions were entertained that the % shing on a - mated to be secihaily — to No. 119 Carine of the Uranometria, which is synonymous with No. 3753 of Lacaille’s catalogue. At _ the close of January Eni examined the smallest com n = the method of limiting apertures, and found that those marked 2 2, 4, 6, and 7 could just he seen with the 43-inch telescope wi __ aperture diminished to one inch, so I adopted their magnitudes as a: 4 ‘sun the magnitude of 12, or Lacaille 3993, which was the brightest i -apie the field of the comet eye-piece Laker’ mentioned, was the Uranometria to be of the 6°9 magnitude. ae Adopting these stars as the limits of the scale I carefully estima So engstake magnitudes of the other stars: the resulting magn _ tudes are contained in the second silanes of the table. ~~ curacy of these estimates was confirmed on March 30th by 3 careful examination with the same telescope of a selection * Sud. from Oeltzen’s Argelander’s Zonen-Beobachtungen 15° to 31° Sua. = PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. ably ee and striking. Towards the close of the : i escope. On e been made that we get a pretty parabens — . f the f dat of the 1 Belioerse during the peri , and that there are no evidences of any Secondary ma maxi- extract esate given from the Uranometria that the ‘opera een the maxima — the period 18714 were 329, 306, + 326. anys These give a mean period from maximu m to appear to vary considerably, accordin Cini Gbidies Chicas 0 ese arr od to the siiseig OF THE SECTIONS: sie honk, within the limits of this region. It was Sir ors Herschel, I believe, who first pointed out this tendency. fay oan e grouping of the variable stars, but I think afterall itis only due to the circumstance that the stars in general are far more to Brey as cies iven The first paper which T had the honor of reading before: . our Society, in the days when it bore the - of the “Philosophical ee Society of New South Wales ” was one on the “ Desirability Of: te ey Feabosunti search for and observation of ariable Stars 4 eet ek Southern Hemisphere.” Gk was in August, 1862. In that e _ paper a list was given of the number of variables discovered in : each decade of the present Soaliey. but during the last two — i decades the progress of discove ry has gone on with accelerated ss rapidity. Can no amateur be found in New South Wales towork = in this field which promises to be so fruitful? Not only is it ards, already in 9° te a _ persons, might be rentared extremely Livissabls by their empl ment in the search for and observ: ager of variable stars. woul ; on the minds of those Seem scarcely necessary to impre " _ who talk much about large telescopes, but do little else, the truth of this maxim, = and soul of his telescope, and the existence both o: Sontag is made Knows to future ages by the : PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS, 385: cus of the R. A. and N.P.D. of R. Carine and the ‘Comparison Stars, er with the adopted magnitudes of = ts acon Stars Adopted Mag Co-ordinates in : RA { N.P.D. mee i sf 37 1 3145. | 26 28 8. 9-2 A ae Ass S° 5p. 86 1° 620 5; 20 24N. )-2 2 561, 0 458. 3] 8.84, 20 13N. )-2 3 526,, 10 8S. 2 4 30°0,, 9 ON. 30 6 29.5 14 41N. +] 6 462,, 3 528. 0 6 468 ,, 14 51N. “5 ee SL ae a Ries vy fo “9 TS ely S.. ou we ‘89 § 235, ie eels ie = 5 ‘8 9 34°7 5 6 MN, 6 10. 80,, 3 33N. veee : comes ges be iy 4 : Soe yi bac 886 == PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. On some observations for Longitude at Lambie. . By W. J. Conpzer, ayy ei [Read before the Astronomical Section of the Royal. Society of N.S.W., August, 1881.} In submitting to the attention of the Members of. Section A of the Royal Society the results of some observations for Longitude which were made in July and August, 1878, at Lambie, an Observatory, I thought it as well to place them on record, as they may possibly be of interest to others, and this is my reason 40F trespassing on your time with this paper. the j Papers marked A, B, and C contain in tabulated form We reduction of each observation ; it will I presume be bepacnarre: ; read them now, as they consist of figures only, which ¢ ony ates of ation and imb of the moon observed ; column 2, the sins oe a ‘s this has. La east PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. 387 eas ace of observation. This R.A. has been deduced from the ta’ tabulated positions at the upper and lower Greenwich transits, ing been taken o sere of the third an nd _ meridian. Column 6 gives the resulting longitudes. At the foot of this paper the tiean of the six culminations is shown to be 9h. ‘9m. 56-86s. ; by telegraph from Sydney it is 58-99s,, and by the oo occultation of Antares, 60°49s. Paper is the computation of the longitude from an observation of the occultation of Antares. Both phases of this omenon, immersion and emersion, were observed, and the results differ from each other, as shown at the foot of page 2, by | 1508 seconds. The instants ‘of disappearance and re-appearance Were recorded by pressing the connecting key of an electric chrono- gph in the usual manner ; and (as mentioned in my notes of the ieee 1 was distinctly sensible of the existence of a small al of time between the actual impression conveyed to the ¥.- Gite alock error. On more delvberkts reflection I am ot opini : enon of emersion from the illuminated part of the moon’s although it was predicted by preliminary computation with se ble care, would not be noticed quite so instantaneously as He disappearance behind the dark part of the moon. If thisisin — ecord with the facts of the case, the observations of the e the two phenomena of the occultation. ppeared t interesting gveres test of the precision to be obtained hone of the two kinds of observations, occultations or’ As stage reeulting values of the eeaiade only differ very little can be inferred in favour of either system . mple. I prefer the method of culminations, because i id being both prepared beforehand by noting the ch of the object to t read, a practical observer ntact with the thread in e ae of ‘ving an of wr re ad of ee a 388 PROCEEDINGS ‘OF THE SECTIONS. sae observation. I also think that the observations are less _ liable to error from what a be termed the accidental irregu- larities on the moon’s surface, the contact is more likely to be — oheerved when the thread is sntina lay tangential to the average ce; whereas the star at an occultation may happen to disappear behind the top of a lunar mountain or at the he ‘of a valley; this certainly could produce but a ve but should be considered when the number of observations of this kind is limited. r C is an extract from the Rabin Greenwich corrections A. _ of the moon’s R. An inspection of this paper shows that there exists @ con- siderable amount of uncertainty as to what correction should th a mauktde I have not as yet been able to procure t ‘corrections of the R.A. from Washington or any other Observ- ‘tories to combine with the Greenwich values. In the event of my obtaining them in a short time, I will with your permission _take an opportunity of making an addition to these papers in the shape of a small table showing the xeonilie as deduced from such data. For many years henee there will be instances in which the requirements for settlement as well as important scientific cies : gations, such as the transit of Venus, &c., aes determination of longitude e by lunar observations "either wid ree Aas sscthod of oocaltatio tions, culminations, 0 :e) A similar process of as practised at sea, and paket epee sesleaaiacs still be useful for that” INGS OF THE sacs Ss GE ane ae Beas ar ee Crete Mr. Lame. a Re raat Moon culminations. ! Assumed longitude = 10h. : R.A. of Moon. se Star. i yeoutly, |Longitude. Observed. | Tabular. aig ks Ree s. s. h. m™. ¢ Virginis | 18° 40 26°73) 27°547 Lo Be. me 83 ” pe *O7 —'437 |GreenbCor. ; | 8 » ee “88 ( : ; ; | 89 ft re *B4 : r 13 40 26.855 | 27-110 | 139°62| 53-435 |Mev727 .. ..{ 14 37 42-09 | 42-828 et ea i B.A.C. 4854, “eae (.60) Lge 3 437 : @ Libre .., ee “16 BAC. 4993. | OF ae | 4 87 42207 | 42301 | 14677| 53039 kh , Segittarii »--| 20 88 B43 |. .2:358 oe ‘ee |p Capricorni ... 1°69 | —-437 : . B.A.C. 7209 oF tas 1-60 rob Ta? eee ate ei “19 Capricorni—... “201 aka wee eee ee 2 » we 1:87 | ; ; 9 =e ea eee: "5 pnloaisennray "ov: auortose.: A—continued. a R.A. of Moon. ree Date. Star. Variation. sat aie . Observed. Tabular. Sry is “1878. _ am ge: S. s&s | ht Aug. 7 | 8,Scorpii | «| 16° 20 42°26 | 42-872 i er es a 24 | — 634 Ist. | » Herculis me 21 limb. | « Sagittarii =...) "23 S AS | 16 20 42-235 | 42-238 | 15475 | 5993 — 7, ll : 8. . . Mean one mr “ ae «9 , 59+~ 6686 By Telegraph from Sydney the ses 58°99 _ Aug. 7. ,, Occultation of Antares 2 oes 60°49 ye B. oe - Occvrration oF ANTARES. : “Mt. Lambie, August 7, 1878. = 33° 28’ 25:37” S. cubis rn Cor, of R.A, a é a ae sec. hk mm & 4 ies tage ee (i OS | 16 18: 89°98 | 26 29 FES a a at 8 » BS 262 ; 37 27 iad Se m.. : a, & m, s. m. s+ oe] — 3 1943 | —O 50°62; + 1 (49 51-45”| —12’ 39:30") +24” 38.26 | 4 33°90” | i PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. 16 59 48:80. oe 35-86) 16 58 12a = eee ss. “ B—continued, | 20h. | 2th. | ooh. 23h. -.|52°' 28" 51°0"| 33 161} 37 315 41 37-0 wf'0.- 9 11-2 | 18. (363 17. 617-1 21. 87.2 ...| 9°9999886 | 99999993 | 99999972 | 99999825 99999772 | 9-9999986 | 9:9999944 | 9:9999650 74268836. i: oa 77156461 | 7°8052236 17747487 .1°7751094 | 1°7752897 92016095 S leet 9°4907499 | 9°5804783 .| —7°860383 | —7-264968 | +7:°553012 | +7°953696 5720766 | 4529936 | 5106024 | 6907392 .-| 9°899855 9899783 | 9°900194 | 9:900589 | 1774749 774929 | 1°775109 1°775290 ..| 739487 6204648 | 6°781327 "583271 : "1590777 "23569 “3095636 : 2 1 6044 38306 +-°161560 235856 “310168 ' 12 074271 + 16 1 Log. B 5-4996335 Cos. ¢ 99221161 » 5°5010828 Cos. (6 — ¢) 99999980 ie 9°9985507 __g-p9974i - . 99212384 Log. = o-gori014 pega lie caso tan ¢ 9-8203499 2)9°9991243 es 9°8174513 Log.p —- 99995622 mse" 17’ 52:83” eas “Be s. Ingress © 15 41 1450 ee Clock 35° ee 40 38°64 = 6! 20% “62820, i tb rt 2077 = — 10? 20, 1155" a ; Log. 1 p cos. pt .. Sin. D os “411052 7 99916783 Immersion. Emersion. + °343160 + *30528 14. ‘ ‘yoaie7es Log. m ere —A. —9'2588943 9°2087466)) Log. x} ... .| —9°1755726 9'1304249 tan. N. . ce” 33 g* "43 Per ere wees, noe % Beer ee ae errseeeoeresesace| | bidet tte ee ee ol = Jaly 15 4.208 pv ne Sigg ak » iP. 18 sere ee men eer Rare eneweeee Pe ne ERT A oe ENS RS GAM WR, eye ¢) tee i ee ae Matis bind Coe Te Fe 7 eit ee BS rae one Aaa peal Sit eet Ser i AY atm PONS : ; AE ON RMT Ri Ane oe en pak Sa ee 393 _. The Orbit-Elements of Comet II, 188r. - hte ee By J. Tessurt, F.R.A.S. [Read before the Astronomical Section, Royal Society of N.S. W., me 5 August, 1881.] ; avine before reported to you the appearance of the recent large _ comet, I have now much pleasure in presenting to you an approxi- Mate determination of the orbit-elements of that body. Owing to _ Ulhealth and the pressure of other avocations foreign to astronomy; it. The FY Te A A Se Ee ee ee ees ee ta ae eee Fras Se 5 y es = or) teresting character, I have then deduced the following approxi- i my own observations on May 22nd, the evening assage * Longitude of the perihelion ....... 263° ee M. Equinox, 1881-0 was supposed by some persons previously to the calculation of | ® orbit that our late visitor was identical with the Comets It, , II, 1861, but I believe I explained satisfactorily in the — a of Sth i , however, from a comparison of the above elements with — comets that it is more probably a return of — re . hes iii of the Great Comet of 1807. This comet was discovered Au 4 ti i monk. . ; . * aw Gath 1 ie : i a a f # ih % c : ¢ : $94. «=——s PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. movements were the subject of a classical memoir by the iThustiions Bessel. Delambre, in his Astronomie Théo et Pratique, tome aii, says that the paid lies between 1403-6 Sand 2157-4 years, and that the perturbations will produce great changes in the elements, principally i in the time of revolution. In fact, the length of the period is almost the only circumstance that militates against the supposition of the identity of this comet with that which visited us in May and June last. We must, however, bear mind that observations taken in the beginning of the present Aelita are not so accurate as those now made by astronomers. In support of my remarks on the non-identity of our late visitor with the Comets IT, 1819, II, 1861, and on its probable identity with that of 1807, I here give the orbit-elements of the three comets for comparison with those I have deduced. The elements of Comet II, 1819, and of Comet 1807 are by Brinkley and Bessel respectively, and those of Comet IT, 1861, are’from Dr. Heinrich Kreutz’s definitive investigation, a copy of which elaborate work he iteoac sent to me some months ago. Comet II, 1819, Comet II, 1x61. © Comet, 1807. Perihelion passage, G.M.T. ........ June 27d. 17h June 11d. 12h. Sept. 18d. 18h. Longitude of perihelion .......... 7° 57’ 249° 21’ 271° 57’ Longitude of ascending node...... 279 15 267 49 Inclination of the orbit 80 46 ” $5 26 63 10 Periheli on distance te ny: 0°3410 93% 06461, _ The longitudes are roughly corrected for the’ p precesion of the equinoxes since the respective epochs. Remarkable as our late visitor is in connection with its supposed identity with the comet of 1807, it is perhaps quite as remarkable in another respect. _ The fact is the earth has had an exceedingly narrow escape nd, Ss comet from the sun and earth were respectively eighty-two and seventy-one millions of miles. For some days the eae and — at the time pointed out, were rapidly approachin o'clock in the afternoon of June 16th, Sydney ck the comet passed through perihelion at a distance of sixt sixty-nin as miles from the sun, and at eighteen minutes past 7 o'clock “bit at be _ afternoon of the 19th it reached the plane of the eo ea pe _ the ascending node. On at the elements before ; iad Ae oo will be seen that the longitude o: the node is 270° 37’, ani I ee _ that the heliocentric longitude of the earth at ‘the se 5 es) mk in 9’, so it follows on the assumption that the comet - Pointed directly from the sun that, the earth, had she be? s appearance have e, and that I am about to send) all “~ was carri myself was not aware of the comet's discovery till the 19th July, and it was then too late to search for it. According to Oppenheim’s rad - which this paper expressly treats will probably be No. II | 396 ie agra ‘PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. | “-MICROSCOPICAL SECTION : PRELIMINARY MEETING, HELD 12 APPIL, 1881. ea Dr. WriguT was voted in the Chair. t was decided to hold the meetings of the Seite on the - evenings of the second Monday in each month. The following Chairman: Dr. WricHr. eign = ap Com- ; mittee: Dr. Morris, Mr. icstenow: Mr. G Mr. T. Bri | a 9 MAY, 1881. ae Dr. Wricut in the Chair. “s The Chairman exhibited a new Tolles’ +45 inch objective, the 2 rformance of which was remarkably satisfactory on a yalve OB A, pellucida mounted in the bisulphide of carbon and phosphorus me . In ordering this objective Dr. Wricut sugge a that the front of the setting should be constructed of gold, as being the metal least liable to be chemically — ae by the eS i he lens. Mr. Tolles and had had the front gilt instead. Mr. H. O. WALKER an exhibited o a Swift's }-inch objective, with which he successfully resolved P.- , angulatum. 18 JUNE, 1881. Dr. Wricut in the Chair. Dr. Wied: read some notes on the pa rea perma | and inch homo % Bat 8, és ca were ee ae ; dered ahees 90,000 to ie ii 5 | pee J. “ “e Scotia ry a note from Capt. ap 1ton i us appearance of the sea n lat. 11° 58 # - oar 51° 3. E (oft the coast of Aden, 100 wet eee of Socotra ae a occasioned by ie of animaleule, which ke 9 appentante of the tropical ORS a yt eH JULY, Dat ie ae Dr. “Wrrcn in the Chair. atid | Waren exhibited 4. cansinas ays resolved , ‘inch « objective. aKjTIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. 397 a “Mr. Marty called the attention of a apni to the ¢ Borsa: black ground illumination to be o the ordinary Sal Webster condenser, in conj a Ross’s new swinging tail-piece. | ¢ AUGUST, 1881. Dr. Wricut in the Chair. 4 Thro e kindness of Mr. L Briick, the Secretary was - enabled to exhibit a variety of new and interesting microscopical cela Amongst these exhibits were two large and completely furnished microscopes, by Messrs. Hartnack of Paris, and by Was found could be worked up to an extremely high oY oa - a great amount of attention, and were much Dr. Wricut exhibited two samples of fossil siatotlin rr one from Victoria, and the other from Gunnedah, New South Mr. Peptey exhibited sections of brid aiid spinal co bs 1, SEPTEMBER, 1881 Owing to the ee of the weather ve meeting lapsed for want of a quorum oe 12 OCTOBER, 1881. Dr. Wricut in the Chair. __ The Cuarran exhibited two of Tolles’ solid eye-pieces. Wi these eye-pieces—} and }-inch—Dr. Wright was able to obtain ern with equal definition, and gen proportion- ately less loss of light than with Huyghenian oculars of like PEpLey exhibited a series of histological preparations. 5 14 NOVEMBER, 1881. Hae Dr. Wrieut in the Chair. _The Cuamman exhibited Dr. J. Edwards Smith’s Yao | “398 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. MEDICAL SECTION. The ex teat Sxction of the Royal Society held a preliminary meeting, April 29th, 1881, at which the following officers were appointed Chairman: Dr. "MACKELLAR. Secretaries: Dr. Jonzs, Dr. Mactauriy. view ni Dr. Cox, Dr. Scuverre, Dr. ORGA even general fsa s were held, at which numerous papers were read and pathological specimens exhibite d. A paper read by Dr. Manning on the question, “Is Insanity increasing?” was recommended to the Council of the Society for publication. H. N. MACLAURIN, Hon. Sec., Medical Section. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS, 399: Is Insanity increasing ? = By Freperic Norton Mannine, M.D.,, a Senin Inspector General of the Insane, New South Wales. Ae sciae before the ae Section ith gi the A gy Society of N.S. W., . Is two former papers read Tee this Section of the Royal So¢iety j of New South Wales, I have set forth the proportion of insane persons to the general population in this an nd other countries, and discussed at some length the causation of insanity. I now propose _ to try and answer the question, “Is insanity increasing ” This fea is one not unfrequently asked in society, it is from time to time a ed in the public Press, and is of great social and \ Us, So far as our own Colony is cnr ca an opportunity of dealing i ~~. errors which might arisein - a “The etic shor} return shows a population of New South b Wales, the number of insane and the pr’ roportion of i insane persons st -bted to the courtesy of the Registrar- -General, who advises me that those for oes are subject to the minor corrections which may RENE Ry RE ER, : ? Proportion per mA Population. No. of Insane. F000. ” : CS SE Saeki eae pve 3 | ane a 3 ; a ‘a a a 3 eee Woe See ee ae io = a & a a <9 2 & } 202,099| 156,179] 358,278} 533, 207 840, 2°63) 1°96, 2°34 284, 1 235,013) 519, 163| 879} 5081,387, 3°09 2°38, 2°67 2-85 pe he 746, S82} 201 me ete Jas tey ber of insane Sie se it appears th that, whilst ere eee population : en enty years ears increase 109 nen ee : on of insan ei hicien ™ i. ed 154 cent., and the | or ot tt EES 0 por Yin $60. . cs | | ee PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. “Taking the decennial periods, it will be seen that from 1861 to 1871 the increase ig a was 45 per cent., and of in persons 65 per cent. ; the proportion of insane to populati ion rising from 2°34 to 2-67 per 1, 000; whilst from 1871 to 1881 the increase of population was 44 per cent. and of the insane 54 per cent.; the proportion of insane to population rising only from 2-67 to 2°85 r 1,000. Turning to the neighbouring Colony of Victoria, we find thatthe . _ Increase in the number of insane during the last twenty years has been even greater than in this Colony. In 1861 the pope a of Victoria was 541,800, and the number of insane persons 702, 1:29 per 1,000. re 1881, the population, as: ascertained by na re was in round numbers "855, 000, whilst.on Dec. 31, 1880, the whilst the population had only increased by 57 per cent., the number of insane had more than ape ate and ip a proportion to the population nearly three times cine 86 The increase in the proves of insane cake ation was much _ more marked during the period from 1861 rr 1871 than from the latter date to 1881, being from 1-29 to 2-71 per 1,000 during the “prune arg and only from 2°71 to 3°58 per 1,000 during the hee South Australia the population in 1871 was _ 626, be of insane persons 324, and the proportion ‘population 1-74 per 1,000, whilst at the close of 1880. pe sai: tion was 267,662, the number of insane 587, and the proportion to population 2-19 per 1,000. The increase in Queensland and New Zealand, with the details of which I will not trouble you, has been equally n Going now to older countries, we find that in 1844 there were in England and Wales 20,611 re, re In eo ee risen to 4, 129, and in 1879 to 71,191. In 1844 2 — 800 = he a ait From the returns made assis of Tonatio 4 yict in SS was an 10 of san ‘PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. state in their report for 1879 that the number of insane has ee report by M. Lunier, Inspector-General ‘o of the Service des Aliénés, published in 1870, it appears that from 1835 to 1870 the number of insane under official knowledge in France in De By Uien. every year since 1870, but the rate of increase is now very inishing. cs Ihave not at hand statistics from other Wiudeiets countries, but _ from German, Belgian, Dutch, and other publications, the same perro n increase in the proportion of insane to population—can pas be: gathered. In 1875 Professor Livi, at Reggio, informed me _ that the increase had been most marked in T T have prepared.a return showing the proportion of insane. ‘South Wales, and Victoria, in each ae since 1861, and in Sout ‘Australia i in each year since 1871 Number or Insane To 1,000 oF THE Popuation. England, | Scotland. New South Victecta. |g SE 2:05 2°34 1°29 ak avs 2°04 “40 . 1-49 eee eeee 2-04 “5O 1°65 veoe 2-05 +52 1°68 aes 2-08 58 1°84 - eens 211 "SS Saeed nce 2°14 63 + 44 ee . 2°18 53 2°40 wie 2-23 Ae igs a Reeder as 2-27 4 - a @ 1°74 2-28 > f 4 cB 2°30 2°06 . 2-31 ) 3°10 1°90 2:38 r 3°14 1°89 2°45 76 319 icdk a Oe 2°50 76 £21 oe 2:55 - 74. 4 Se ) goat Sons to every 1,000 of the population in England, Scotland, New | RO ee a "PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. ‘ Registrar General’s estimates of population for 1879 ae 1880, and especially for the latter year, and finding that, calculated on than the estimate for 1880. The proportion of insane has there- fore increased from 2°34 to 2°85, and not 2-72 per 1,000. The whole of the statistics now before you prove beyond a doubt that the amount of oe and registered insanity has greatly in- sg ast that the great wave of tapistered insanity is still slowly advancing, but that, king the last twenty years, the advance h been es during the last than during the first ‘decade, and the imerease is at a declining r The statistics, indeed, have a first sight a very formidable and alarming appearance ; but the very greatness of the increase might ell raise a suspicion that it has not been due mainly to an shat of former times as to cause such an e. English, Scotch, and Irish Cominienoriees in Lunacy, be the Statintics of the United Kingdom before them, are at one believing the increase to be due ts other causes than an ihoreasiig * amount "of mental disease. The English Commissioners, in thet ‘15th report, state : “We have not found any reasons supportin subject than formerly to attacks of, insanity,” a all recent _ reports mes have attributed the increase to othe The Commissioners, i i d pact, "that for 1879, om "necessarily due to an increasing amount of mental Re coe ks the Tris h Inspectors, in their. 29th report, also” for 1879, ane nO” igs ee ” and in two admirable papers d ogieal mee in 1869, set forth his reasons for tl duction of insanity. However we may regard the history of the last half-century, it has ne differed so much from M4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE sncTIONs, 403 ory of insanity, and since this date the whole machinery of the Lunacy Commissioners has had its origin, In 1853 an Act y ordered a quarterly return of lunatics not in asylums, and in 1861 : i ¢ n i from a fear of burthening their P own parish rates, and led to is placing of many idiots, formerly at ome, in the county asylum _. In 1874 a grant of 4s. a > Head per week was made from t : and this has caused the shifting of no incons iderable pokes of ae aged and demented from the pauper to the lunatic li cme ty Romeident with these changes in England there rea been Le vA ath authorities of Benevolent Asylums and Poor-houses have not been ‘slow. to take advantage of, so as to rid themselves of a large number li or quasi- seh institutions : 2. eh ceumulation of Jacatvalile cases and the lower rate of it “wag the ghee succumbed in large numbers from neglect 8 cruelty, whilst now id asylum care bee Tt live to a ‘fair, 23 often to an advanced a To show the effect of a gus death rate on the inerease of insanity causing an accumulation of old and chronic cases, and by way — r, , tinder 7 per cent. of the average same resident. . ia ‘Buiter then, in an asylum with an average number resi 1,000, and an admission rate of 300 per annum, we have 100 . and 180 discharges, a total of 280 per annum, leaving an ; of 20 only ; whilst i in an Ev RNE asylum, of spac y an r receiving the same 404 =. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. ~ ae i and second—that the mild ae tends to lengthen the lives tad asylum inmates, who, in Great Britain, unwittingly expose selves to cold, and die of shine bronchial and other affec- tions. a 3. The improved management of asylums Formerly they were objects of -dread, in which persons would not and did not place the insane of their families, whereas now these prejudices have for the most part vanished, and asylums hei e very increase in the number of asylums has served to _ ignorance hing vides from those more aoe situated. Since the establishment of the Newcastle Asylum, in this Colony, in 1871, the number of idiots under care has pr doub. and % institutions have been sent thither. On one occasion 18 patients were sent at once from the Sydney heen Jnstitution, some of whom had been for a long time inmate 4, An alteration’ has take en place in aes standard of what. constitutes insanity. ' It has been said that modern science has dinoaverad % ew realms of lunacy, and there is certainly a growing conviction that the Ghee disease should be dealt with i ina special manner. Former ct PEe et ly isti ang - aly eens tow laos ‘boundaries of reason and’ madness. Unless “a man took to crowning himself with straw, or declaring himself an mperor OF . se _ @ teapot, they held him to eiinas enough for practical purposes, “books ° if his mania took a literary instea PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTIONS. 405 ° These are the causes given for the inerease in the amount of - registered insanity which has taken place, and it must at once be “Mitted that they do account for alone share of it. Whether they account for all is, I think, very dou __ A suspicion arises that some of these causes ought, at all events a ‘inold and settled countries, before this time to have become in- _ Operative. e highest possible extension of lunatic life under _ asylum care should long ere this have been reached in England, _ and in all parts of Great Britain asylums of every kind have long - ‘Since been brought within easy reach of the whole population. ae Hig of cases of insanity occurring, or what has” _ been ‘annual incidence of fresh cases,” is a better guide ‘ resulting from te Blo return shows that theratio of admissions to population is 2 somewhat slowly — in England, but more rapidly re inthis aloo and South Aust Rerery showin a ions to the lation, or the annual incidence head pe. sini ne Eagan, New South Wales, and ‘South Australia. (The tranaiery are excluded. England. . New South Wales. ‘South Australia. Sr one tees Day ree | in 2,026 ‘ at L 2? 1,973 a ERE TG ks |, 2,260 es Pp BaOR oS ee > 2,473 d eaameeeeee eaee Oot arene ee ntetnee L 99 2,093 pes eee renee nenenee oS »» LSet A abs LIA” in 2,182 1967 Ra Ly, 2,128 , 2141 Bre Or: j BU 886 7 2,050 22 1,638 = 2 1930 Le 1,954 ” 1,770 id ie} ; 895. : ,366 : 1 J bs 1 ee ] sau ae ‘ee 3 PROCEEDINGS: OF THE kecrion’. 1,034 cases of it, or Ee vcibile of 7 per cent. of the total admissions, os “were received into English asylums in 1879; whilst in France A eee: have the statement of M. Lunier, the Inspector-General of Asylums,, that “it appears to increase not only in the large towns, but m the smaller centres of population, with the most alarming rapidity.” There is good reason to think that epileptic insnnity. is also on the increase. 1,226 cases of this affection were admi into ‘ English asylums i in 1879, as aga upwards of 9 per cent. of the total admissions for that yea Tf you will, as medical sear betray recall your own experience, or consult the literature of the subject, you cannot, I think, fail to perceive that the so-called neurotic diseases, which, though distin from, are allied to insanity, have greatly increased in these later en a and pa yess locomotor ataxia, neuralgia, hysteria, » chorea, epilepsy, habitual headache and nervous instability, and exhaustion, are to be seen in every consulting room, are the subjects of a large and increasing literature, and are treated in special hospitals. Between the sufferers ‘from these diseases and insanity proper, between the inner circle of insane and.an outer circle of neurotics, come, cate has been pointed out by Dr. Crichton Brown in acharmingly written paper in the Journal of Faychuiogieal: Medicine for July, "1880, the <4 numerous crazy folks forming the middle of three concentric circles. a These believers in perpetual motion, in ‘squaring the circle, = 2 on f Tr ae, 5 4 ee} (a) oF i) Lar = g = Qu pee 8 = @ 4 os % “mm oye & fan iC ho) — 5 ia) a pu 4 third g genera “The neuroses of one generation are ir Re rarely the insaniz war the ieee ” and if the neurotic and crazy fee ae are enlarging out of proportion to the increase of population, eet - _. - insane circle to which they act as feeders is probably im tga wig ee manner. : Le. _ Of the causes of the increase of nervous diseases I do not no a propose to speak, except to indicate that it appears largely a of fs the pressure and competition, the restlessness and social a _ modern life. The condition of the be ted has chans a onie and they h its. special excit ‘get unt one ie country, the numberin private asylums has, since 1858, increased 2 per cent., whilst the number in pauper asylums has increased 82 per cen eport of Lunacy Commissioners, Scotland, 1880.) os England from 1858 to 1879 the numbe Beard, New York, whils ts discussing the augmentation of the ioataed of the insane, and the fpvieegican of novel soar and forms of insanity, says, “Insanity is a _ of the cost of liberty—it is a tax on our sient: Where the sane = oppressed, the number of the ne has never been large. © dieorrin b Aalkacthy: t is, however, to some _ ,eamoring to know asi increase socsepae te ata guys tty hpi ri 4 ia ask Wl RA Elbe oe sf ACT OF THE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS TAKEN AT THE SYDNEY OBSERVATORY. ay GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. _ Larrrupe, 33° 51’ 41”; LONGITUDE, 10> 4™ 50°81*; Magnetic Variation, 9° 85’ 37” East. oe JANUARY, 1881 —Guyenam Anstracr Highest eRe Se ... 80°084 inches on the 6th, at 8 a.m. Lowest Readin ... 29°328 inches on the Ist, at 3°50 p.m. ean Height ie 29°753. : a: 090 \ Greatest oe Me wiv Ibs. on the 20th. 3 Mea . 0 ib. et: Number of D Days s Calm ... es Prevailing ge esi he a N - ently g ie 4: 22 5 , E.N.E) aperature eam ra ‘ee Shade ... 89°7 on the 20th. Lo ae de ... 56:7 on the 14th. G as ae ... 20°6 on the 20th, Highest i in the ‘hee ... 152°7 on the 10t Lowest on the Grass... 53°4 on the 6th. Mean Diurnal Range ... 11° : a e Mean in the Shade ite BOO : s Being 15 less tk we eae Zale nie 2 ¢ 4} I ding 22 5 : evan Amount \.. 99°0 on the 24th. ; Fett — a edi dacs 2. : "5 Number of, Daye .e eG 18 rain and 5d Greatest Fall... in 5 eee inches on a 15th, T 1-781 65 feet dren tnheds fens Total Fall... seo 1") 2-843 & 16 in. — dpe = : ‘ Total Am .- 4'623 inches. Number of ie Rightoing’ 5 75 ms S - t = 412. MEPEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. | ‘ . GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. LatrrupE, 33° 51’ 41”; Lonarrupz, 104 4™ 50°81"; MAGNETIC VARIATION, 9° 35’ 37" East. a FEBRUARY, 1881.—Gernerat ABSTRACT. - Barometer ... Highest ... 80°204 inches on the 14th, at 8:30a.m. ~ At 32° Faht. Lowest Reading ac” BOS, on t the 13th, at 2°40 pan, Mean Height 29°842 Wind ... et ee ines ... 19°4 Ibs. on the 7th. : -O6Ib: rena of (aes €alm .... Preyailin g Direction yet (Pr ili =] di ti 5S ¥ tk f the preceding 22 CAS) $.) e Temperature Highest i inthe Shade ... 100°5 on the 13th. one Lowest in the Shade .... 57-4 on the 7th. Greatest gi 3th. Highest in the Sun ... 151°9 on the 13th t Lowest on the Grass ... 55°4 on the 27th. ean Diurnal Range... 11-7 Mean in the Shade 3 oe nee? +1 coe ae ak £ 4}. as. 9° waare ) of B ped aoe Humidity ... Greatest Amount ... 980 on the 4th. Least... + + 540 on the 16th. ean 63 Pos?" 7. 4 41 sh + es mn 41, f +} sha 99 ) ese Rbie ao ic ember of Days. ws U1 rain and 5 dew . : ee Greatest Fall ees © na quakes on the asth. ae fener om 2°59 65 ft. above ground. Ay Total Fall... een {aot i 164 in. abeve rien oh ett ae fat fast 9-F20 fphalk 1 +} es. nf th rs.) ion Total Amount ... ... 3°865 inches. os egg of ag Lightning 4 20 ey oh | ‘atl Neraber of Clear Days evio 8 Years ; at Sydr fee iniones.. 4 ‘ine! ee coe 9°33 inches. a PO 7) Gees oe sabia 0% ren dep. Nels ing 0-00 greater than that in th Highest ce tom aes Lowest Reading me Mean Height oa ww. 29-910 METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. MARCH, 1881.—Generan ABSTRACT. : 30°191 inches oe the 21st, at 8'30a.m. ~ 29°396 nm the 8th, at 6°25 p.m. 3 9° \ Greatest Pressure dae Mean Pressure os Number of Days Calm ... 2 =) 2 Z / 13°0 Ibs. on the 5th. O04 Ib. es P ig 22 years, N.E.) pein in the Shade ... 86:1 on the 31st. Lowest in the Shade 545 e 10th i he ee es ... 242 on the 15th. Highest i inthe Sun __... 137°2 on the 24th. 2 Lowest on the Grass... 50°2 on the 10th. ~ Mean Diurnal vat Ma mye -<..:. § Mean i in seg zee ek FOS Greatest Amount .» 98'0 on the 7th. Least ‘ .. 480 on the 9th Number of a Meet foe 10 rain and 9 dew. Greatest Fall Wins mes inches & tet : ee mee se eet above ‘grow A te ‘Total Fall... we ose 2-653- 18s in. a ate aes cane Total Amomt ... .. 3 3°663 inches. sae of votes 5 ed 11 51 Number 2 of ¢ Clear ‘Days . 2 Number observed “end fir Remarks. ins chad Menipsaare 07 reno shat i over eRe ner less than the average for this month. [eter he has been uniform, bape, of the” ‘stations having had but - generally, the south-e GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. LATITUDE, 33° 51’ 41”; LonGiTuDE, 10> 4™ 50-815; Magnetic Variation, 9° 35’ 37” Bast, APRIL, 1881.—Generat ApsTRacT. in « omen r .... Highest Reading... feu es 351 inches H: the 30th, at 8°30 At 32° Faht. aove pee eee ‘576, +onthe 13th, vat pe ; n Height ee 0105. as : (Being 0-080 greater than that in 11 th n average of the preceding 22 ak Wind... a Greatest Pressure ... 20°5 lbs. on the 9th. “6 lb. : Mean Pressure .... ee 6, Number of Days Calm ... 2 anne Direction ... N.E. : aT +s se Ba il ding 22 years, W.) Temperature Highest in the Shade... 86-9 on the 9th. ty aay ; mth i in the Shade... ns 7 on the 30th. Rog ' Greatest Range ... Sa ° : Ce : Highest in the Sun sy rete 9 on the oth. oe Lowest on the Grass... bags the 16th. Me Mean Diurnal Range... ; . fae Mean in the Shade POR ; * (Being 1°11 tien wnat ae eh énith an averayze of the preceding 92 years.) j Mesos oe A gles Amount .. 98:0 on ae Lith. yin A Least ee ere e 14th, ; = . Mean ae bee ee a fe (Being: 1-2 greater than that of the same month on an average of the aN 22 years) ke, Number of Days... ,... 14 rain and 12 dew. cae est Fall one a 298 Seabee’ on the 11th. ee , 65 feet above ground. pe nd eS nd 868) aan above ground. 1 e Soe eae Pe +h , oe of the mente “4 ; fe ideal & gic AER inches. Eat lel Number of Dupin 3 Mean Amount... PHOS Sey es _ Number of Clear Days’. Prue tsk: sirable acl eas | Number observed 4 METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. _ Lampe, 33° 51’ 41” ; Lonarrupe, 105 4” 50°81; Magnetic VARIATION, 9° 35’ 37” East. ret MAY, 1881.—Generat ABsTract. Highest Reading... ... 80°359 inches on the Ist, at 10am. Lowest Reading ... «» 29°456 ~,,° onthe 30th,at 7-12am. Nae Mean Height ... s. 29°975. F<) + } Shae ba ae cf st than that 10 4 Greatest Banat .. 18°6 Ibs. on the 30th. ‘ Me tse, Pre vse OO TE rae Number of Days Calm S420 ¢ ie Prevalng Directio AN : j (Pre ees, 1g g th ah tay éP I ys g Q2y , Ww) a sani in the Shade... 761 on the 9th. 4 west inthe Shade ... 445 on the 26th. a Ge eate st Ra ange ... ... 21-4 0n the 13th. Oe etre Panta in the Sun .». 121-2 on the Ist. '- . Lowest'on the Grass... 89°3 on the 26th. et Meat Diurnal Range ..... 127 Seat Mean ia the Shade .- 60 ie Si y ... Greatest Amount ... 98°0 on the 31st. ii ey: : eae ik in .. 4l0onthe 9th. erate xa, Mean ai hs 78:2 Ba ts ‘greater than that of the same month on an average of the preceding 22 years.) “4. Number of Days.. ... 14rain and 11 de . . i eae Greatest Fall... ... 1°023 inches on the 29th. . BEKs : 183 —-,, +65 ft. above groun eek Lae Total Fall... S702. .5¢ Laan Toke groun nd. oh hae Total:Amount ... ... 1628 we : hae eee pee Sipe . ea, Magia 63 Ba No has haps oF revi Days .. os «» Number observed © 0 br been as than the rere 7 ee ante “There has been a ger resi OOee heay: ay Be ce lee j oe i GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. soeecon, 38° 51’ 41” ; LonarrupE, 10" 4= 50°81"; Magnetic VARIATION, 9° 35° 37” Bast e J UNE, 1S81.—GeENERAL ABSTRACT. Barometer . Highest Reading... ... 30° es inches “ the 27th, at 11 ‘At 32° Baht. Lowest Reading ... Se | SD ee tho ind- eae Mea: atte: iz aa 29839 $. Wind... .. Greatest Pressure ... 18°6 lbs. on the 3rd. Mean Pressure ... Sei) A ee ee of — = a Prevailing Direc se Co «Pr, TWh Wy +t A . th +h Ff, +} as. 09° re W. 7” ‘3 net Ss —] a Temperature Piguet inthe Shade ... 66*Lonthe lst. . com Lowest inthe Shade .., 39°6 on the 28th. - ( eatin Range ... 20°5 on the 28th. ' Highest in the Sua ... 110°3 on the Ist. Lowest on the Grass... 32°7/on the 28th. — Meau Diurnal Range ... 11°83 Mean in the Shade as ee i (Being 1°6 less than that of the same month ge of the preceding 22 years.) z Humidity +» Greatest ae ... 980 on the 13th. : Least a ... 43°0 on the 28th. ae Mogi i -4.4 745 (Being 22 less than that of the same month on an average of the precodig 2 ye8) : ce Rain... ..._ Number of Doys... ... 15 rain and 2 dew. ‘ ase Greatest Fall .. 2356 rors on vee 10th. ee Total Fall.. fat eee | a ; : ane Cowes pet eG 957 15i Ronee _eing 1491 nee ethan at of the same month on an average of the preceding, 2 _ Evaporation — Total .. 1°755 inches. | _. Electricity ... Samer of Daehn 1 . eo: id a Cloudy Sky : ae Mea 4 j As “gates PA ee ‘Number of Ce Daye = ae sbi i ' ‘Meteors... Humber obser hed 8 ats, Pr re The iijaccnia hi Sebati has hone 1:5 degree below the average, ’ ane ched on the 28th on the grass ; the METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 417 GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. Lamroe, 83° 51’ 41”; Lonerrupe, 105 4™ 50-S1*; MaGNeric VARIATION, 9° 35 87” East. JULY, 1881.—Gaunerat Ansrract. ‘ Highest Reading... oe presi inches va the 19th, at 10 a. Lowest Reading ... .. 29693. ,, onthe 15th, at 4 pane Mean Height 4... ... 30082 greater than that in ti th ge of the preceding 22 years.) aa rhengy .»» 13°5 lbs. on the 12th. "8 Ibs. Number of Dek Calm... 0 Prev me — tion WwW. {P: 7 3} 4 St ee oe 3: 99 W. Ry ya I Es » W.) a "Highest in the < Getg ... 65°4 on the 6th. Lowest in the Shade... 40°0 on the 25 ng sc Highest in the Sun _... 107-5 on the 8lst. of Lowest on the Grass... 33°8 on the 25th. ean Diurnal Range ... 140 ; Mean in the Shade i's POLS - @eing 1-2 less than that of th onth on an average of the preceding 22 years.) 5 Humidity .. Greatest Amount red we ve on the et ay 15th. Least ; neh n the L (Being 611 greater than that of th th sverage of the preceding 22 years.) ss» Number of Days... .. 13 rain and 4 dew. Beat Greatest Fall ... os 4 lies on the 11th. aoe ae 14 ( 1546 65 ft. above ground. ye Total Fall... ee i te a 1 in. above ground, ¥ 1-804 inches less than that of th th on an average of the preceding 22 years.) Total Amount... ... 1°34 inches, Number of hy seaieart 0 Number of C Clear Days «. 8 Be. Number observed Gia ok A n temperature 1°2 below the average, and the The rainfall has has been METEOROLOGICAT, OBSERVATIONS. GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. Laviqvpe, 33° 51’ 41”; Lonerrvps, 10" 4™ 5081s; MaGNeric VARIATION, 9° 35’ 37” East. AUGUST, 1881.—Gryenat Azsrract. ‘Barometer ... Highest Reading... ... 30°368 inches on the 6th at 10 a.m. ie At 32° Faht. Lowest Reading ... .. 29°652 ,, on the 27th, at 2 p.m. Mean ernie .. 29°968 (Being 0-031 greater th ti we of the preceding 22 years.) Wind... ... Greatest Pressure ... 21°1 Ibs. on the 22nd. Mean Gi. wee tisy AE teks Number of Days Calm ... 0 ' Prevailing Direction ... W. « . (Prevailing direction during th th for the preceding 22 years, W.) Temperature Highestinthe Shade ... 77° ‘0 on the 27th. Lowest:in the Shade .. Greatest ‘, . : rea) eu. 26°3 on the 7th. . Sicaken Highest in the Sun | 122: ‘L on the ae 4 Lowest on the Grass Mean Diurnal Benge Bisa 2 ean in the Shade ae ORR? et ae (Ret : 4} £ 4} +} ¢ +h 13 992 ars. } : Sees ae . ss Humidity ... Greatest Amount . 100°0 on the ais saicar 24th, and 29th. as . Least an ee ... 49°0 on the 1 ; Mean Sy i Petey 3:5) Be jt er 4 as 99 wears } (Being 79 greater th that f tk th = f tl Bg o ! j ace, he cow of Days... 3 dew. : d ee est Fall... : 73 Pee ot on the 23rd. ie F » 65 ft. a ove ground. e otal all... at age wpe go. ae setts eas | aa PESOS ie ok a ae deo > 99 years.) NS retin’ * ee ee = ss .. _1°254 inches. ; 3 iy Chey 2 Maken decree 1 or Number of Clear Days. ee cath _ Meteors... Number observed pO ee ‘METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. ‘ ‘LAtrrepE, 33° 51’ 41”; Lonarrups 104 4m 5081s; Maenuric VaRraTIoN, 9° 35’ 37” East. SEPTEMBER, 1881.—Guyzrat Apsrractr. ri ) neter ... Highest Re ae oy it 30°355 - fe 7th, at 12 p.m. f 82° Faht. ore eee co ae e 3rd, at 2°23 a.m. n Height _ 4 (Being 0-011 greater th that in tt th Z f th ding 22 ) Greatest Pressure ... 19°8 lbs. on the 4th and 5th. Mean Pressure ... 4a Number of Days Calm ... 0 a ane: Reyes -h (Pr si, £, 1 p ‘ oO y iy Ww.) Son “ = ang bl - on the a a: Lowest on the redtestl s i“ nd : on onthe =. Highest in the Sun - 130-0 on the 18th. st on the Gra ; Mean Diurnal Range at at Moan's in ~ Shade 581 Nise = yee _ @eing 0°7 less than that th ve of the preceding 22 years.) os te Greatest Amount ... 92-0 on the 15th Least natg sa dt RG is the Mean an zs Number of Days... 15 rain and 1 dew. é; shh * Greatest Fall... O60 peeling on the 16th. oe. oe 65 ft. above ground. Total Fall... oe . ore ee 153 in. eee cay (Being 0-073 less than that of tl jonth g pee ration Total Amount ..: ; 1744 inches. ~ Regie a esis of aii Lightning 2 A Mean A: ol we Number ‘of ‘Clear Days . piece cs ; Number observed dene Y ae Remarks. en rature this month was 0°7 below the average, and the maximum for. toes last month. At the coast — rain for the month is obly the: same as that of , sufficient. supply of GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. Latirupg, 38° 51’ 417; Loxarrvpe, 10% 4 50°81»; MaGnetic VARIATION, 9° 85’ 37” East. s Rae | OCTOBER, 1881.—Grnenat Anpsrracr. ee ee TOE. res : Barometer ... Highest Reading... ... 30°239 on the 28th, at 10 a.m. a At 32° Faht.. Lowest Reading ... ... 29°215 on the 18th, at 4 pam. ; Mean Height eis See pa , (Being 0 AN ¥. 4 pee Og aes “t yg £ the preceding 22 years. : : Wind... .» Greatest Pressure .. 405 Ibs. onthe 18th. — hed j Pressure .., ee ak Ob | Number of Days C 0 9 g Direction ... ‘8S. 4 ay (Pr iling di rey x 3 ing th 4%, £ +h p 3 22 y , N.E.) ‘Temperature Highest in the Shade .., 858'on the 10th. Lowest. in the Shade ... 46:0 on the 23rd. Range . ... 27:0 on the 9th. as Highest inthe Sun _... 149-0 on the 3st. ser Lowest on the Grass... 40 9 Mean Diurnal Range ... 142 Mean in the Shade" a eee ee (Being 3°7 less than that of the same month on an average of the preceding 22 years.) - Humidity ... Greatest Amount... .... 95°0 on the 18th. me Least est One .» 57°0 on the 4th. Mean Sey Xe Pelee (3:3 (Being 4:6 greater than that of the same month 01 ge of the preceding 22 years.) Number of ue we .» 16 rain, 2 dew. Greatest Fall a ... 4246 inches on the 19th. Total Fall... ... Sy ‘ Ce ee ee 43, eerie of ce wae : 2°2$3 inches. 5 53" Ee ee ing its minima 7 hn 7 METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 421 GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. Lanne, 33° 51’ 41”; Lonarrupe, 104 4" 50°815; Macnetic VARIATION, 9° 35’ 877 East. NOVEMBER, 1881.—Generan ABSTRACT. ‘Barometer ... Highest Reading... ._ 90-LL4on the 7th, at 10 am, : At32° Faht. Lowest Reading ... 29°316 on the 24th, at 10 a.m. “ . ean Height’. ... ies , 9°080 less than that in th mth on an average of the preceding 22 years.) -. Greatest Pressure ... 23°8 Ibs. on the 28th. 1:0 lb. 1 Pee Number of Days Calm... 0 ce Pre ders Direction ... 8. i iy ie {Den ene. At. a 7 43 4: oo ga), v 2 a sie J ap iets in Soe Shade .... 89°40n the 4th. Lo he Shade ... | 51°6 on the 6th, ( nine sg ... 27°40n the 4th. Highest in the Sun ... 147°2 on the 4th. J “ites on the Grass... 45°3 on the 8th. Mea: urnal Range ... 141 I pee ag the Shade wes 655 i : (Being 1-1 less than that of the same month on an average of the preceding 22 years.) idity ... Greatest Amount ... 99°0 on the 15th. Least... bt .. 270 on the 24th, 73°6 . Number of Days... .. 17 rein and 1 ae Greatest Fall... nis 0°448 inches _ the 2st. 0879. , 5 ft. above ground. Total Fall... abs “= ) 15538 15 in. above ground less than that of tl ith ge of the preceding 22 years.) Total Amount... ..» 3162 inches Number of Da oe a Mean Am Number of “Clean Days .. an 1. ; ~... Number observed seat ue ae ; Remarks. . 2 rose to 89'4 on the 4th, but the mean for ae month waa 1-1 GOVERNMENT OBSERVATORY, SYDNEY. - Taverooe, 30 BY’ 41” ; Lonarrope, 10% 4™ 50°81; Maanerie Varrartoy, 9° 367 37” Bast. PECRERER, 1881.—GeneraL ABSTRACT. ter ... Highest Reading... ... 30017 on the 3rd, at 8 a.m. 32° Faht. Lowest Reading... ..._ 29°283 on the 28th, at 4 p.m. Mean oe ee 29°692 a th th f the preceding 22 years.) Greatest dere 24°5 Ibs. on the 19th. Mean 0°9 Ib. Number of lle Calm ... Prevailin careers ah +} ‘Highest in the Shade Hind be the Shade ~ 46° 8 on the 13th. ean Diurnal Range — Ba ie Mean i in the Shade so KOU : pane eit di eat ot the same month on an average of the preceding 22 years.) Highest in the Sun Lowest 93°0 on the 17th. 34°0 on the 28th. 141 inches on the 20th. ae yy 65 ft. above ground € 1613 » 15 in. above ground. Paper Pyeng ageie erage the pr , Ss a F 4°768 inches. ‘‘ : i | lke 148 149 t ee P ae r 133 les Yiagram shewin e average rainfal/ f is : Number of five Ss oe equal £ yf ies whale colony for eagh year , ras) ~~) Point Lookout. FALL M [\ py — 1875 . & 0 number of inches in each case poepane ve E [876 1877 1878 = ( - ilies . | HHH : 6 ; tes snes Gj Z w. \Inches. 33:46 29:38 27:66 20-4 take = 8 25:05 3075 = NN) > A\ C- Seale of Statute Mil @ *\Bogabilia sense tie ) ie — ial me — Se ow eee a * Bongalle ‘ és Re © Jy $B? pe a cence | } Baryingun f@) sr Come y Ie NN OO ; ~Bexhill t Boorara QM Trigamon intenbar, cnnox He Gil Gil pire . Gundatfiou oe Wc nan Fixed. : aros Coraki Caidmurra . & A 4) : Eringonia e r Wtibon ‘ Mogul yPrenely : Corella gonal sai Bra! : & = Collaringabri G R Mo : , R. a Brkt rialda(!) k a $ A bows , Warialdat2) LARBNOE ER. : 0 : ©) a ec, P LA mba Fed Fixed. Harbor light Yancannia A + RRO ; a b Qe Re q eer Me.) oe F Dungalear v a Myall ¢ 1) antara - Re. ||, |e hy . & f Re 12 Nunthurungee 3 Srcewerrina Sie ; Gingie é a i Plover I eo : untae Xe >. Bo) Bingard 7 Torawota J : sie: | oe ; or arwot 5 inl: lly Gooriana ; ule Nema 7 e LOoManawa. Gulligal AY ee @, ucca Ri. g rn YY SS A j Tindar — Banadi ge Gullendaddy ulcumbah ra | C R at Ben Chon! 4 : ; eee Zh é ats a Conable os g 9 Gunn = 2 ; a may a Trial Bay pbk : G (2 Q M : : cy ; 5 rs ae Cel Bact v Litbonbi NG: ‘E : Arako: Cape zi 17) “4 Goolhi ce 3 xe ‘ep we ee Js : Frederfay penele Sh : ~_ = *% i( ene ogoro PY MEM pall Munir ser Grooroomugga y ‘uke erembone St, ( S@rronne © carbs . : a st ost Ke oe urchi : : Rei - @ Poolamacca “ : : Wil arDowns: ie C & alan belts gas Coba@) Florida = 7 ey! 2y Barnato@ <9 PPPlomer ©) Eenawena Terrabile y & : is Re at Meadows @® Mer ula(e) Thorndale ' Y) i CA) Fac MRobe ie ¢ Safran) Wonbobbie ; Caigan aN ee S36 Mavitemundi. ; O : artag yy ; oEri ‘ ; ed a ; aa ; ‘ ae a | Ko a i ¢ te, s a ringaneri a f ni io eee } ‘ Regine’ / Queens z Cain Q Puech : Mudall ee > endooran Se. pito™, > : From Adelaide as - Priory eee! : bee : . 2 i 32) Se image Ri A 7 a A Teridge ‘@ Merry gowen C- a ee Tintinnallogey, @ adding ton S ager CYontegoe asa y ’ i. og AD ued Harbor Light Fixed to? bborah ay : Belltrees any es ~ a andi a. >: AEN YB , ta °O pod Ne loucester : RR. ee 32 / ) : Burroway e@ 7 Brocklehurst Ers sal : vas ) ) , Weronville Agt BU _) Gloucester BR. Tecemtas BC fiat, : 4 ; arbi = ie geo |). a ‘0 ONG Red Light Fixed se! <— ] ake Tatla ake \Talla ». a Currathool : 7 v 3K aN .| ; = ands a ; “ba Ty Euston pons Woerango s B 3 Tog . & BR ee Bi | ‘ ; ‘4 c ire Balran | we: ogie 7 “GE. Bare Hal Ue | ea ag 2 = de wee , { ; a> lamberos rough F) pas ae J | “i ; Lake Yo | Yanko ae e OPK tee S q | eimby Ong EUS eben AY Se : 5 : | i ee - x} SS 35 | QNillurah Cudéell a ae Ee lack ae ‘ Q ’ a G . 3 te { = j : 3 Tooleyoucl Krane, «Boordoban eee a Yamma & Wal Bc c SHOAL AVE Ree Light ~ aa 3 5 S Bhs Wat Wil ta.! : : ~ > oD ; ola 4, hunbdolal raat p>SPt| @ ; ae ale , CH Wifisiewa oe Want: q Ages! S o> . 0 a 0 TG Pee. is lantabadpery - ; Q RS) : S ¢ é AN &y <> Tae yo +7 4 we oy mr ‘ Per enaecla Se ae 36 Pp van *m@Mursha 42g apiaie wal horrone| 6 0 6 p UF ieee YAGGA MinjaryX ate \s aceon Barat ee ce a 4135} Wangonilla ruckawid gee A Lake gullivell Bae: 1% nie: ak i a y Kae § Sag : A C . eer ails & 2 Che Trane “4 y ; yell ig um ins e5é-Geopge S Pe 20 tC Castle Donnington SS 3 “Or J A . Lhd at: | > ab yas = t \% @ pooree ferilder : andy KS ‘: ynda a : rah dulla. Binet Grain shi.’ Pi ide ¢ pat ABS ‘ow fer) 5 te Re} 1 Lug it a ee, = BS . ‘ @Wunna ura, \S2 ‘Burron P| slong aot We Nog ny Matting, : S&S : 2 25 . poo TE ENILIQUIN Over to js = ae he day PA rromag hem TS ASS: . < - : g Jas? a : ‘Ayam ba 9 (Monga t Uprigh He i Paz ZG Oi Itee , tf. Morven re 9 | “ thee Wigen Pras i t Bat | ia 25 2 ome wibygghe AE ee a, fl : : 33 a 3 ee at Tuppal ~ Oe: eid | Re armanton aay ea ; KN 3 ~ Mathoura « Be ae oN Tocumwal uy Ny : 4 ( é ae i 3 u aH ‘ - dae nN *) : Pe se | ee oomagama u oruya Heads ; ae — s 20 h ‘ yh On Mi hy Pea ( ‘ mS = Lake Motra al ~ M : ya 45 aS) & Boomanoomana ~ oat eg Rant % ae 20 i) age — 5 i e- Binge , ) 4 4 RO ie aa o uN > Collindina “a e é v ; y 2 uca OR HUME Belvoi ) d _Boghiia ‘ nas : Ds} 15 ¢ R. 3 ! ME < ’ Ser Wagonga- ae ; : S. ; 36} = £ L. TilbaKlba SI 8 15 r an & % SS | TEN : *< LS : 10 ‘s & w .. S y 3 0 aa = '0 aS S SCALE d 3 & Murrimbula ni SS a 5 aN VaR wet ul ‘a : a Se ass B7 il ‘S$ 40 iy Red Light Fined ygé S fort Macquarie pbb: are Ss te a) ay ; ‘ Ra C- es ay er Te 7 =\ og Re Aa Green Cape oa 442" sD eo ee | a 0 C ae B A x Cie one By pa 8 2 7 2 0 | : Ss x 2 Se OS Paes 203 a a P 3 NOTE Thediamneters (nit teen Blak Sie 4 3 s s q | - 4% . Howe £ ? 7 . <= S HS & S 4 S 3 os RS wt Be a = Ss a » a. a N FAA beoapecse fl ares ae DD o) : g Fixed Light 4 +a 8 Ss x ¥ 3 Soa = 3 g ~ Sh ~ g PE LS ee S SS 3 2 Sane ao: N S p 8 For r quantities fo tables. . a G ~ is S S SSeS ger ss ‘s “S ) ae as = Beechal is 25 miles ¥ ita es = 8 f= S. -85 G5. 4 58s = < 4 A. 3 ae | eee 145 46 1§0 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. _ TRANSACTIONS OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1862-1865. ConTENTS. On the Vertebrated Animals of the Lower ane and eee is — habits, economy, and geo Gerard Krefft. phical distri On Snakes pe becrce? in the neighbourhood of mee Gerard Krefft. Ge ometrical Researches” in four pa tt eomprising nd pee Martin Gardiner, C.E. . : Solutions = celebrated Problems: Paper N Research snag n’gons inscribed in other Mariiis Gardiner, Ce Sia! son, : Bine ; Researches porouenting n’ gons ‘inscribed in curves a Marin Gardiner; OE. the second degree.. Paper No.3... .. : Researches concerning n’gons snippit in asl Rsaith Garditier, Ce: . Paper No, 4 : Hem Mees se Poe On the Comet of September, 1862. No.1.. ... dJoln Tebbutt, junr. On the Comet of ved apes 1862. No.2. se ue te ebbutt, junr. . On Australian - negnenae hn Tebbutt, janr. _ Remarks on eceding Paper, made at a ty Rov W.B.Clarke, M.A.. _ Meeting of ith Seeieeaben 1864. FGS., &., VP. On the Cave Temples of India)... eos Del rm . On Snake ee bas thei antidotes , ee ... Dr. Berncastle. _ On the Wambeyan Cav Dr. James Cox. Ou the Fibre Plants of New South Wales Charles Moore, F.L.S. On Osmium and Iridium, obtained from New ins A. Leibins; Ph.D. Wales gold . a On res Prospects of the Civil Service under the ) Lient.-Colonel Ward. ___ Superannuation Act of 1864 F On the Distribution of of Profits in Mutual Insurance M. B. Pell. the Agricultural tistics of New South Wales C. Rolleston. Ont G. A. Morell, 0.2. he Defences of a canal Ror Ws cet ee ‘On the Transmutation of Rocks in Austalasi is ., FR. a3. stralia ... aes aE. me Theory of Encke’s Comet sik gale eae é R. Smalley. possible relations between cto G. R, Smalley. he present state of Astronomical, Ma ical, and) = ection + Scien ce; wn tho practical beeing , 5 G@. RB. Smalle - th Wiggs seek Customs of the Aborigine of ‘orand’ Krofft: ‘Lower Murray and Darling . er iy A Nah } { 2 i ant a hs 8 424: ‘LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. “3 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH N WALES, 1867. Vol. I. ConrTENTS. Inaugural Address, by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, M.A., F.G.S., &e., Yew President. Article I.—On ete coe Coresolvents, by the Honorable Chief Justice Cockle, F.RS., President of the Queensland Philosophical » Soe IL—Remarks. on a paper by S. H. Wintle, ) Gerard Krefft, Curator Esq., 0 ari bones Poe in a cave at medias the Sydney Mu- iy Glenorchy, Tasman : —On the Satine ex other Metal- i liferous Districts of Northern Queens- Dee, w. — Ciathes and : » LV.—On the reappearance of of Scurvy i in see E. Bedford, M.B.CS. Ee » V.—On the Rates of Mortality — Expecta- M. B. Pell, B.A., Pro- Rs tion of Life in h Wales fessor of Mathema- Se th England nis ete tics in the University — coun of Sydney. » ViI.—Note on the Geology of the Mary River x f Reve rye" Shes va oe a » VIL—On'the Mutual Influence of Clock Pen-) G. R. Smalley, B.A., ‘ dulums Gay Ha sis wet Govt. Astronomer. TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1868. . 4 ! : Vol. II. ae ConTEN S Aes Opening Address by George R. Smalley, BA, F.RB.AS., et . _-_ Atticle On the value of Earth Temperatures = ee 2 R Peep By ge ek oe sen oes Ss Sh RA Rie SA Somat ae C.M.ZS., Curator of ue ee oo iiaione in Barope sr erage the Sydney y Museum. . berts hg ey “ RCS. be Iv.—On the Causes and Phenomena of} Rev. W:_B.» Clarke, ee, copeeanly AFP relation’ ation to} MA, F.GS., de, — lett Bedford, — “EROS... Maer Ist OF PUBLICATIONS, SR, A26 ; ct Ves TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAT, 80 SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH : Vol. III. Boo ConTENTs. Opening Address, by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, M.A., F.G.S., Vice-Presiden eo K. Holden gran Article I.—On the operation of the Real Property Act ‘aawaher of Titles, N.S.W. : — II. a Solution of SirW. Hi oma on the Inscription of of Clana Martin Gardiner, C.E. a nany quadric teas IIL—New ‘Theorem in the Geometry of weer Martin Gardiner, 05, a EY. —Bapostion of the American Method of ca elling for Sections. supe- rity ae English Se oeah : F methods as regards actual field prac- cic geaoumnridh ey” eg subsequent plotting of the es V.—Onth ae Electric Telegraph between Eng-) ‘aia _ and India, and how to connect | E. C. Cracknell, Super- e Australian Colonies with the tele- intendent of ‘Tele- scape systems of Europe and| graphs for N.S.W. ; ” VLA-Nates ion on the Geology ‘of the Esisceh 4 ML, Thampenk: Be 2 . around Go : Pat 3 ad sieneabe the Origin an rad’ Magedson of the us olynesian Nation, demonstrating LP. thei discovery and progressive settle- Rey. Dr, Lang, sh t of the steer he of rica » VIIL—Improved apes taal Debden 9 in} sartin Gardi . OE. ae pest Tri, rigono: » %IX.—On the Water = Supply iy of Sydney from .. Geor, and Cook's R 2 ee ae: » X&.—On the herp of the Che nation of Waters for the Syaber Professor Smith, M.D. - ' Water Commission . ay X1.—On the Refining of Gold by means of} p p Miller, F.C.S. ce Chlorine rine Gas. inh XII.—On a new A pparatus “for Reducing , XU. Chloride of ‘i me ss cing A. — Phil. Doe. ihe ee on me 7 or i: is OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH - 2 WALES, 1870. eek Vol. IV. Ae - ConTENTs. ‘ing “Address, by the Rev. Ww. B. Crk, WA, BGS, Vice-President. ~ Sones ie mean : Societies, and overnment a Hovamicc? oy Auditor » 426- LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. - Article IL.—Remarks o m. the Report of the Water ) ig Commission, especially with reference ¢ Andrew Garran, LL.D. scheme 5 ‘ } to thi Goorae’s Riv er Lies ; | » 11I.—On the Botany Lets a .... BE. Bell, M.1.0.E. ie - 5, IV.—Notes on the Aurifero Bids wind Veins of New y Routh ats H, A. Thomson. rani 3 V.—On the occurrence of the Diamond soe ey Norman Taylor and oy Mudgee rof. Thomson, Sc.D. ‘ ‘TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1871 Opening Address by Professor Smith, M.D., Vice-President. - Article nF gh Boh on the Nebula around Eta H. C. Russell, B.A. ous .. » I1—Magnetic Variations at Sydn H.C. Russell, B.A. pe io on the Botany of Lord Howe’ iy Ghaties Moore, FLA » IV.—New Guinea—a highly promising field ; al ag ment and colonization—that ‘ an ee Anan be most easily Rev:. Dr. Lang, aie cessfully accompli i “ » V.—On re Constitution if Matter... .... Professor Pell. TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH ee WALES, 1872: a Vol. VI. SOs ConTENTS. . ing Address by the Rey. W. B. Clarke, M.A., Vice-President. ‘ ¥ TII.—Remarks ig Tin Ore, and what oa Te tehina. : ike it ; IV.—On arcs 4 Gengeiaer Stephen, y _V.—Astrono H. C. Russell, B.A. » Vi-—On the Coloured, Chuntis: licen ‘about H. C. Russell, B.A. Review of of “Years, 1862 —F1 = : ppa : ; -VIL—On the 1¢ Deniliquin Meese ae ae a Z sR Om ‘PUBLICATIONS, TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH me WALES, 1873. ae Vol. Prins 2 Con Article ees Address, by i. ae Wo Clarke, M.A., Vice- a e PTI to the Anniversary Address, by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, ent. ., Vice Si III.—On ‘he Bolton of certain Geode? apartn Gardiner, 0.E. IV. Local Partioulars VE the Transit of Venms H. C. Russell, B.A. on By era nd District Arch. Liversidge, F 0.5. ames Manning. — ay “On our Coal and and. Coal James Manning. s» VIIT.—On our ‘Coal and Coal P .. James Manning. » IX.—The Mammals of ese Gad a mR Part I. Oenithodelphia Gerard Krefft. and Didelphia X—On Clootlatis Investigations Martin Gardiner, C.E. ‘TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1 1874. Vol. VIII. ConTENTs. | Asticle I Duplex Telegraphy —... E. C. Cracknell, Esq. a os —Hospital Accommodatio ees miter MRCS. ops LIL. Criminal Statstis of New nr South Wales, >} Chri hits: Bolles IV.—Description of Ele new Ter ven of rrestrial and Marine She. age from John Brazier, C.M.Z.S. east Australia . -—Iron Pyrites J. Latta, Esq. vee VI—Sydney Water Supply ‘by Gravitation James Manning, Esq. “ae VIE-—Nickel Minerals from New Caledon Professor Liversidge. ae ‘Ww —Iron Ore and Goal Deposits at aoe Professor Live rsidge. wang, N.S.W. pn TX.—Some of the Results of the Observation: bsg, Russell, B.A. oe; e Transit of Venus in N.S.W... a5 “XM Dans 0 eee a Shae Wm. Scott, M.A. 428 ‘LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. © a _ ArticleV. aca gay: Address, by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, t A., F.G.S8., Vice-President ew V—Notes on Deep Sea Soundings. By Rev. Ww. B. Clarke, GS. me » _VIi—Faets in Seas Mining. “By 8. L. Bensusan ... a reas 8 Deposits of _— a (Illustrated). Af intle, Hobart bi PE: — Permanent vane Supply w yeast by " @ravita- Egy ir Ee LS astenpalitan Wate Su 7 “ By James Mannin ing » &—Water Supply o Sydney by Gravitation (Plans). ry James Maviine 125 to 134 52 aes Feu pi ane abies HG: "Russell, B. res Govern- 135 to 150 jo: Se Examples “ot B eudo-Crystaliiantion (Iilustrated). ssor Liversidg 152 to 153 5 aa ifs Aner of New South ‘Wales. es Professor a rsidge 154t0215 » XIV—Inde- . -, 217 to 223 = 4 eS Renate Meteorological “Observations, ‘Sydn ey. By H. C. Russell, B.A., Sydney Observatory. ... lto 12. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1876. 3 Vol. X. 3 ConTENTS. (Edited by Professor Liversidge.) Article I. Beogc BA of Officers, Fundamental Rules, By-laws, and f Membe: a Hi Nottivieayy Address, by the Rey. W. B. ‘Clarke, M.A., F.B.S., Vice-Presiden: . IIL.—Notes on some Rema rkable Errors shown by Ther- ae C. eisar: BvA., IX.—Recent Copper ‘Extracting 2 iat iy Bele x On someT\ ; lates.) —On some ertiary Australian Pol 208. (Two plates eS. ibe ae bei Sligo tae LS. 147 to 150 oe — Sch 179 10 285 Ae by ok XIIL_-Fossilifero 3 Ds Basi Richmond River. Rees. Se (One late) aaa praia d Meerschaum fro: m r the Richmond River. By Professor Liversidge 237 to 239 ogee. da" Sheets ecsitae Example of Contorted Slate. (Two By Professor Liversidge _... w. - 241 to 242 ye xXV.— bine ih Ny Se .. 243 to 266 bie eV L, ~Aaitions Library bs Ay Se he to 2' Dy onati pe ig 277 to 281 a ?XVUL BE son in ‘the Sentiona x x ie Ae 285-to 314 ‘PAPERS READ BEFORE SECTIONS. " 1. Macrozamia spiralis. By F: Milford, M.D. os plates.) . 296 2. Transverse Section of Fang of “Human. Tooth, g¢ Exostosis. By Hu; rson 299 3. Notes on two Species of Insectivorous Plants indigeno this Colony as 300 indigenous to . ae 4, Etching and Etchers. By E- scenes 308 - » XIX.—Appendix: Abstract of edie eteorological Obser- vations taken at the Sydney Siena By ee HU. Rumell, BAL BItAS; Government we ene ee en 80% ae A. SES tose 2 Xx tad Pi ae we Seite ory es a nae _ JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, aoe 1877. > Vol. XI. ConTENTS. (Edited by Professor CORT ) PAGE, Article _ L—List. of nemerd Pendasivntal: Rules, By-laws, ee m be i to XXx¥ » EE: Le iweaioner? hades ss, by . Russell, By 4 ae F.R.AS., F.MS., Vice-Presiden’ si 1 to 20 tear Ce ern ew England in eti ical ; Influences. By W. Christie, Licensed Surveyor. . 21 to 59 i f ic ahi M.A., F. &e., bce Phene ep a 41 to ay: .—On the Sphenoid, Cranial Bones, cia Cpa and Ry supposed Ear-Bones of Ctenodus. On the i of Ctenod’ if? ona MRCS... a BL to 64 Rev, one Australian Polyzoa. (Zwo cuts.) Rev. = : Tenino Whods, FGS, tes es ea 83 & 84 * sits of Australia. “By the a Tenison-Woods, F.G.8., FRGS.... 65to 82 430. ‘LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. ‘hsticle sa dina? a ages Method of extracting Gold, Silver, and = he } - ees tee » Metals from Pyrites. By W. A. Dixon, x. —The Scam fogical Evidence of Australian ‘er , rR By the Rey. J. E. Teniso: Pood ¥.GS., F.R. XI.—A Synopsis of Australian Tertiary Polyzoa. By eridge, junr., F.G-.S. XTL_—Cienaenthus a ibn of Hybodus. By i arkas, M.R.C.S. XTIT.—A System of Notation adapted to explaining to Students oe Electrical Operations. By the Hon. J. Smi lee tte M.D., LL.D., M.L.C. A. a ECS... XV.—On some Australian Te entinny ‘Corals. oe plates.) By the Ret J. E. Tenison- Woods, , F.R.G: XVI.—On a new and pectiastettibe “Variable Star i - the Constellation Ara. By J. Tebbutt XVII.—On a Dental pagel gn 4 the Tepidostid. y W. J. Ba ison tons : XVIIE—A New Fossil ey Species ‘of Kan garoo, Sthenurus nes 7 (Owe n). By the Rey. W. B. Clarke, M.A., XIX.—Notes on some re Stat Barometric Pistuebences: By H. C. Russell, B:A., F.R.A. D Bi —Proce XXI.—Additions to the Libra XXIT.—List of Exchanges — Presentations : », XXIIT.—Reports from the Sect co PAPERS READ BEFORE SECTIONS. a Remarks on the Coceus of the Cape Mul- F. Milford, M-D., &e. 2. Notes on some local Species. of Diatomacee. ‘By G. D. Hirst RLY. —Appendix? Abstract of ches Meteorological Ob- ‘the § Observatory By C C. “Base, B.A., F.RAS., dove ment Astrono » Xxy. List of Publications bes the Hociety ae Vol 3 ol. PAGE. 93 to 111 118 to 128 129 to 148 145 to 155 157 to 163 165 to 181 188 to 198 - 197 to 202 203 to 207 209 to 212 213 to 218 a3 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL soclnry OF NEW wok WALES - Article I. —hnmiveteary — by Christopher Rolleston, Vice-Presiden >, IIi.—Tasmanian ecsia: ‘thei eir Botany and Eeonomical Value. By Rev. ‘J. E. Tenison -Woods, F.G.S., IV.—The Molluscan ‘Fauna of Tasmania. a the Rev. J. E. Tenison — is, #.G.8., FB... By the , F.L.S. pos c o the assumed Longitud = the Sydney Dhiariciee By John Tebbutt, a F.R.A.S. i. » WII.—On the Meteorology of the Coast of New South Wi oa, Wal the Winter Months, with the ew cya of issuing cautionary Sto pa Wiace. ings, by telegrams to the various Picts, from the O Smith, Master to: » of the ship 1. L L. Hall” ty) ‘VIII.—Storms on e Coast war New South bre C ye Rare v3 = sia oe ll, i overn or Agk sy 1X.—Sonie Facts about + the: Gea Tidal Wave, May pie : gs Three diagrams, Ae P. Joseph- so eae. E me as i sults of an Astronomi the Blue Mountains. F. C. Russell, B.A., » XI.—On the ood fee Nickel med Cobalt. On 2 F. “4, AII.—The Deep Well ‘Waters: of Sydney. By W. A. Dixon, F.C.S., F.L.C. » XIII. Bite on 2 Huan Island Guan By W. A. Dixon, F.G.S., a ee oe Cheanisirg, Sains school of Aa of ‘Ars pee ay, a Progress of f Photography. By i x Ludovico W; Hart e ere ; XVL — Additions to the Library oes VEL: al Experiment o: on { ae agro. 4. By By a —Donations to the Galina » XVIIL— List of Bk os and Presentations is OLX, —Reports from the Sec PAPERS READ BEFORE THE ‘ecu. 1, Note on the Planet Uranus. ‘By H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R Paoioncf Sinus. 2 HC. Ras B.A, ERAS. bi f By John Tebbutt, e of S dney Observatory. RAS 71 to 75 77 to 101 103 to 115 117 to 126 127 to 132 133 to 141 143 to 144 145 to 164 re nie ar 201 to 306 207 to 213 217 to 293° ih LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. EE OP ee ee f : ~y . ’ q % PAGE Cae 7. The Triangle Micrometer. By H. C. Russell, . 7 B.A., FLR.A.S. 236 3 § 8. eer on Jupiter during his Opposition, 1878. ; y irst.. 238 bod $ 9. On Y Shandines cs, and the separating’ power of : ey Pe Se | Telescopes. By W. J. MacDonne: eR gS 241 “ Beene Peis 10. ig so of the. Results of the Transit of © i at eae By H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S... 243 : ll. Noten & on the Geocentric Conjunction of Mars ee and Saturn, 1879. By John Tebbutt, so FR 246 Vad Remarks on the Mounting of “Large Object- lasses. By H.C. ecrosticn B.A., F.R.A.S., 247 a 13. On a New Form of Equatori al Mounting. By 3 H. C. erage B.A., F.R.A.S. 249 14. Note on the Boorook Silver Mine. By A.W. hee Dixon, +: Sey ye 15. ~ art ‘the Incrustation of the “Sydney ae RRO ee ater Dr. Morris.. 264 en y 16. hieetious: for the Introduction o* the Study S S at Photography in our ence. By Ludovico 269 ee a On Music. By Mons.Jul 281 ses > Art. XX.—Appendix: A of the Meteorological Obser- > vations taken at the sytney Observatory. By “ea x; B.A., #.R.A,S., Government ee toad Astronomer See Bt the iyo eet ee sae » &XI,—List of Publications... i ue : wes, 90910318] ieee +> &&1L1.—Index ... sy es be ah ee 319 RES JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, — ; 1879. : ; Vol. XIII. CONTENTS. (Edited, by Prof. Liversidge.) PAGE. Article I —List of. Officers, Fundamental Rules, By-laws, _ ae and List of Members itoxl 6 Il, —Anniversary Address, by the Hon. Professor ‘ ag Smith, C.M.G., Vics Presniont.. .. 1to26 5, IfL.—The ‘*Gem” uster in Argo. By H. C. Russell, ee, aa HE A 27 to 34 4, IV.—The International Congress 0 of Geolo ists, Paris, ot free 1873. By Professor iversidge, niversity V.—The Water of Sydney Harbour. ‘By the Rev. W. - a the Anatomy of. Distichopora, with a . Mo no Ses Genus. Bi Gceuicee | a, compared with ose of Australia. antl id anos M.D., ea Me, BERS. Bee cat see theo | LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. Article IX.—Photography, its relation to Popular Education. 2 to 94 3 X.—Ottelia preterita, F. v. M. By Baron von Miller, : ce .M.G., M.D., P.H.D., F.R.S. 95 to 96 . Poaceae. a —Compiled Catalogue of Latitude Stars, Epoch 0. By H. 8S. Hawkins, M. to 104 +» X1I.—Notes on the occurrence of remarkable Boulders in the Hawkesbury Rocks, a 8. Wilkinson, L.S., F.G.8. 105 to 107 », AIII.—The Wentworth Hurricane. yee HC. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S. ce ... 109 to 118 » X%IV.—Pro ceedin ngs 121 tol i on Ve Additions to the Librar 139 to 149 » %VI.—List of Exchanges and Pregesttadias to 1 PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SECTIONS. », X&VII.—ReEporTS FROM THE SECTI ... 161 to 226 1. ee a et siathod of piiating Star Maps. By H. C. Russell, B = oe R.A. 163 2. Oceultation of 64 Aquarii by Jupiter, Sept. 4th. By John Tebbutt, F.R.A.S... 165 3. Not e on wie conjunction of Mars and. Saturn, yen Ist, 1879. By H. C. Russell, B.A., F.B.AS... 167 4. The River Darling, the water which ‘should pass throug By H. C. Russell, B.A., -R.A.S... 169 5. Notes on some recent ies manufactured y Carl Zeiss, of Jena. 175 6. Notes upon Tolles’ eee ef front asderae 3 “mga pinks and of a comparative tri with Zeiss’s oil asain one- Aries (No, 18) by both oblique and central light. Sharp 180 i ved Dies See Microscope. yt T. E. Hewet 185 8. Art Critici cate By E. L. Montefiore .. 189 9. The Black Forest. From notes taken 3 Sf Hart during a tour in Germany in 1861 197 10. Instruction. indesv John racastent 205 1l. Ten years at ville. By F. “Norton anning, : 213 >, XVIII.—Appendix Abstra "the Meteorological eo so att oes Sydney Observa’ = tf AB. . 229 to 240 ie . 241 fo 251 a) 2H y H.C. as — —List 0 of Public Vol. — ONTE (Edited by Prof. pee ) JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES 1880. - Article I—List of Officers, Rules, and List of Members ...... xiii to xiv LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. II.—Anniversay Address Fuss —— Moore, ey Vi ce-Presiden (Diagram) ITI.—On the paongitaset of the Syiiney Observatory: Tebbutt ae des of f Uranus V.—Some new Double Stars, with remnaike upon several Binaries, ref = ee Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S. (Two Diag VI—The Orbit Elements of conan L 1880, (Great Southern Comet) By John Tebbutt, VII.—A new method of printing Barometer and urves. y H. C. Russell, B. F.R.A. VIII. —Sliding Seale for correctin sya Ss Read- ings. Said is ae hs a 8 AS. (Diag m) IX, — Thonde er and Hail Storms. By H. ssell, B.A., F.R.A.S. (Diagram) fo: ae on the surface of C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S. XI. —Remarks. ~ ihe Colours of Supiter's Belts, and s changes obs —— there Sad g the Opposition of arg : XII.—A 7 of nts calc dnving Mie Ale cal ey gs of 187 y Baron , B.C, MG ae D. h.D., F.R.S. ap XII.—On Ringbarking and tts Effects. ~_ By W. E. XIV. os on the Fossil Flora of Eastern Australia ‘asmania. ttaker Feistmantel. XV. on the Acids of the Native Currant. By E. H. Rennie, Ae oncom ‘ XVI.—On Piturie. By Professor Liversidge < XVII.—On ee and Native Fodder Plants. By Ss. XVIII.—Water from a Hot Spring, New Britain. By Professor Livers XIX.—Water from a Hot Spring, Fiji Islands, By rofessor Liversi estone. By XXIII.—The Inorganic Comments of the Coals of New South Wales. By W. A. Dixon, F.C.S. XXIV.—On the ba grr of = New South —— essor ersi ae ZY. -—On | some few South Wales i By Liversi ; ay “< Slto 95 97 to 102 103 to 118 119 to 121 123 to 132 133 to 143 145 147 to 148 149 to 154 “155 to 157 159 to 162 163 to 179 181 to 212 213 to 225 Article LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, XXVI, patito on Bp Minerals pact New Cale- donia. rofessor Liversi ’ XXVIII. ontageee on a "Collection of se ls from the zozoic Rocks of New South Wales. p By R. Etheridge, junr, e sag Tes Ga ) XXVII.—A eat twee Serene, By F. B. Wells in the Fpeesete4 Plains. K. Abbott, P.M. (Ma sie T Ss XXX.—Proceeding XXXT. EAadifoas't = the Libr rary XXXII.—List of Presentations made by the e Royal So sith of Mews South Wales de T, Reports from the Sections .. PAPER READ BEFORE THE MEDICAL SECTION. The Causation and Prevention of Insanity. By F. Norton List of Index ix: Abstract us i Msenronieest welwe e R.A. Pullicaton the yes 1880. H. C. Russell, B. res i R.A.S. Pub. 435 PAGE. 297 to 246 247 to 258 259 to 280 281 to 292 295 to 308 309 to 323 324 to 331 335 to 355 340 to 355 359 to 370 371 to 383 385 to 391 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1881. Article ol. XV. ConTENTS. (Edited by Prof. Liversidge. ) I.—List of ‘aes - —Act of Inco: —Rules, and List 0 " "Menabars V.—Anniversar rsary ay we By — asrsiatit Smith, C.M.G., &c., Presid V.—The Clithate = iaskay "By Hy. “Ling Roth, By W. E. F.M.S., ( m) VI.—Notes of a ‘ oumey - 5 he Darling. Abbo ingen, N.S.W. VIL. —Astronomy ~ . e ae stralian Aborigines, By er MacPherson, M.A. easure’ und _ Sir J John Hersch Russ sell, nA, — re — Government Astro- nomer, (Sia diag XI,.—Transit of Mer ercury, a Nowak 8th, 1881. By H. C. — B.A., F.R.A.S., Government 7 Astronom ¥ 81 to 86 87 to 91 93 to 158 159 to 173 436 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. Ee \ PAGE, Article XTT.—On = _ ec Constituents of some = . A. Dixon, F.L.C., F.C.S 175 to 183 aires LET slieneti< of the Genera of Plants hitherto known as Indigenous to Australia. By Baron Ferd. von Mueller, K pie; eb D., FR: 185 to 300 » X&LV,—Notes on Wool . Trebec 301 to 307 » X&V,—On the im — of a Comprehensive Scheme of Water Storage and Canalization for the ture ‘welfare of this Colony. By Ses: * Gipps, C 309 to 329 »» _XVI.—Proceedings ......... 333 to 348 », _XVII.—Additions to the Lib 349 to 365 + aN VERS — of Presentations white by the Royal Society New South Wales 366 to 373 Proceedings of the Sections 377 to 407 PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SECTIONS. On the Star Lacaille 2145. By John Tebbutt, F.R.A.S... 379 On the Variable Star R. Carine. By John Tebbutt, F.R.A.S ~R.A.S. 380 to 385 On some es for Longitude at Lambie. By W. Wicvavdexsts 386 to 392 The Orbit-Hlements of Comet II, 1881. By John Tebbutt, 393 to 395 Is Tiasaity increasing ? ? By F. Norton Manning, M.D.. 399 to 407 Appendix : — = es Meteorological ettinws at the ae Observ. H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S...... 41] to 422 Rainfall Map of New South Wales for the year 1881. ee, usse hs A: BRSA-S. List of Publications 423 to 436 Index .......... 437 to 440 A _ Abbott, W. i. Notes of a Journey on the Darlin _ Aborigines, © sausioieas of the Bee A UStraliary c.2....csscccsrestsssocsscsese, TL _ —— of New South Wales ......... Abstract, Seeman Observa- __, tions, Sydney Obse 411 to incorporate the = Bodsty: viet xiii “Additions to the Library .,.:......0.0. 349 by the Hon. Professor Smith, _ O.M.G., Presiden: African Lan neue in relationship to _ those of New seca of ash, Caccaive ‘wood, and Astrouomyot the Australian Stan ; by Rey. Peter Macpherson. ak Auriferous pyrites, treatment of...... 344 Australia, infusoria peculiar to ...... Australian climates and past influence a, | upon the growth rh of wool 344 igines, Astronom 71 Some! Plants, Csnsus of mera of; by B = yon Mueller, KC. it. G., S$... 185 B ical Laboratory £ 16 ratory for Sydney .... 16 — ‘dications Mies ii Foo rich in min 2s nec oe ek, J. J. “Spake on Transit of ; 172 Cc nets, Segrsages to the Society’s 365 ratio r the future welfare Bi this Js, ae Statistics of ......... 32) PAGE, INDEX. we s ha List = Double Stars, Sir She. Carine Variable Sta eee een wee ree eee rol we R., 380 = "wood and rae analysis ash 180 Catalogs of 1,227 Stars, Melbourne 380 Plants Census of the Genera of hitherto known as Indigen to Australia; by Baron Ferd. von Mueller, K.C a BCR Baas Chan ge—real or supposed (23 stars) —_—_— A tude of stars ......... in colo r of stars..< Chemistry of the Australian Gums and Resins Clarke, V.P. Tees Institution, London sponding Member Mem Climate of Mackay by Hy. Ling oth, F.M.S., Co. olony, on fo i sseeeiae and Canali- this change in Osaneh, Susctesas and Appearance =e the aera by H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R.AS. weer sense eee II, 1881; by John es FRAS. Conder, W.J. On some Observations for Longitude at Lambie Report on Transit "of “Mer- ese wap ae of Venus and Saturn, hJ Constituent sa of fz ELC, be in dried pl Onddie “3 bad wae? pos assess D ee St of a “cpiged on the ; Diatom, gree Gun N.S.W... Dix . F.C.8. On the Tnorenio Constitent of some ipip Donations re be Lieery eueiaiatecce ‘ 185 Bi 333 393 8 170 378 a 49 y es 438 AGE PAGE, Donations to the Building Fund ... i Double Stars, New, and m : some of those found by Sir John Herschel ; H. ©. Russell ..... 3 Stars. — WE Sein cceageihie me Drainage system, eee teenie . 65 Dried plants, constituents of .. . 183 E ag egr Planté-Faure cell for i ere reer 378 ene bit 0 f Comet II, 1881 393 Embryology. and development of the Marsupia Bagrevi ngs, &e., in the Society’s Bpiphytic peat Inorganic nt stitu of 175 Bridani,. hale positions of, dia- gram 158 Exchanges made by the Society...... 366 F Ferns, Epiphytic, Inorganic Consti- tuents of 5 —o ome indigenous to New South Wale ——— diatoms, Gunnedah, N.S.W.. 397 Fossil sischuieess from Cuddy Springs 365 mud spring on rae Ph Bag 365 G Genera of Plants indigenous to Aus- tralia, Census of 1 Gilgies Gipps, F. iy ee On the im pedi so Beats and Canal “ay the future welfare of oe mistry of ... 344 languages Gums, Australian ; chemis: Gunnedah, NS.W,, fossil diatoms... 397 Hargrave, Lawrence. Report on Transit of Mercury ... . 168 INDEX. etal — of Astionciaisal acy ok ow Society, review of eer ere ce Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton, K.C.8.L, C.B., M.D., F.RB.S., elected Honor- pe ary Member Incorporation, ee a sens «stead OR Indian Canals, Statistics hd . 329 perp eae Atstalian Plants, Consus e Genera of ..... nen I oe soria sates r to “Australia. ...s+- oth Constituent, aret Ferns ; by W. A. » B.LOCS F OS . 175 Insanity ; by Dr. F. Norton Manning 398 nd, New So uth on one seeeee Is Insanity increasing J Journey on the Destine, Rowe is by W. E. Abbot ays K Kauri Gum, New Zealand ..s.s.ccse+ 339 L Laboratory, gs cing ee for Sydney ” Lacaille the oe — A. Report on n Transit 167 Library— Additions ie ae Donati onations to the.......-+++ s 7 New Double Stars ......-+++ ee Longitude of Mount Lambie ...378; eek us appearance of the sea + M Mackay, — of; by - = Roth, F.M. inn qe Pe Peter, . momy, of the Australian Astronom Aborigines eee reereeeere eveeve cousererers” mee INDEX, 439 PAGE PAGE, dura 3 B of stars, change in ...... pr nO haan 399 Papers, Philosophical Society ......... y H. C. Russell, B.A Philosophical Society Papers ......... ee upials, “acid and axe aga of Measuremen t of w s of Double Stars ; “by a has Horachel 93 Melbourne General Catalogue of 1,227 Stars 380 Meteorites, occluded gases in ......... he on Observations, Sydney Mud Spring, fossil specimens from a 365 Mueller, Baron F Ferd. von., K.C.M.G. .D., Ph.D., F.B.S. Census of of Plants hitherto as Indigenous to Australia = : © conglomerate..........cesceeee pict Kossanan ee hae devota veck x N amoi River 4 Narran Lake ew Dou Measures of som bleStars, of those found by cand Sir John Heme; ; 3840 —_— languages in relationship a those of A: teeter eee TOOT eR Oe ret tee eweses a ee cell for storage ct tricity Plants, Forage, indigenous to anit Sou 344 “indigenous to Australia, Census of the Genera Platyceriwm grande, BOE cn sccicess 176 ao nein ET Podura macro: saan 397 raersiesptsoa made by the Society ... 366 Pyrites, auriferous, treatment of,..,.. 344 R Rain weak by H. C. Russell, B.A., F.R.AS. Rennie, _&. at, M.A., B.Se., on ‘mila. glyeyy phyla 9 —— a Zealand Kauri Gum.. 339 Researches, origin: Resin pec ae chemistry of see eee Return mec ala insanity in England, New South Wales, and South Australia ~_ Hy. Ling, Climate of Mackay ; Rubs, Inde: xvii Russell, H 0. Bi F.R.A.8. On the Spectrum and Appearance of the recent Comet ew Double Stars, and ures of ase Dee those found nn ee ee er 8 ‘ Saturn ee Venus, Conjunction of, + 6 June, 1880 3 | Sea, hencies appearance of the... Section, Proceedings of Astronomical. - Medical ...... Smilax pe ylla Smith, Hon. seneneses: Address by . C.M.G.,— 440 INDEX. PAGE. E, Society, review of past history of the 2 Trebeck, P. N., Notes on Wool, by.. “301 —_— Philosophical Papers ......... Setran and Appearance of the recent Comet; by H.C. Russell, > Wae 0G 207, 0) See eee eee 81 Statistics of Indian Canals Soha erage 829 Star iable 380 Sipe oe ae 379 Stars, Stars, Double—Table ry1 porte ase 04 w Double, and Measures of uni Herschel ; by H. C. Russell, B.A. Melbourne General Catalogue of, 1227 Storage of Water for the future wel- fare of this Colony 309 Supply, water,in the interior of New South Wales Sy Observatory, Abstract of Meteorological Observations T Table of Double Stars 105 rar nat John, F.R.A.S., on gar —— Onthe Star On the yoke ” Star = ‘arimee Transit of Mercury i.c...02sc002.0050%5 Report on; by H.C. Russell, B.A., F.R.A.S, Trouton, Capt., ——e luminous appearance of the se seseesaareneers Underground drainage system ...:.. 65 Variable Star R. Caring ........s+0000 38 Venus ee — Sa of, 6 Jun . 378 Water storage for the future ve ao of this Colony supply in the a 344 aly Te ee gots ir Edw: rard, K.0.M.G., acted Corre- sponding acs 3 Wool, Notes —_ y oe N. Trebeck 301 Wright, i ctosnce, pee of ‘comet lines Wright, C. RB. A., D.Sc., on Silas glycyphylla . 339 Z Zealand, New, Kauri Gum ...... Sydney: Thomas Richards, Government Printer.—1882.