FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. + FLORA V. Sage FEE OO, OF TROPICAL AFRICA. EDITED BY SIR;W. T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.MG., C.LE., LL.D., Sc.D., F.R.S. HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD ; LATE DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW; AND LATE BOTANICAL ADVISER TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES. VOL, IV.—SECTION 2. HYDROPHYLLACEHZ TO PEDALINE. PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES. LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO., LIMITED, Pudlishers to the Mome, Colonial and Endian Gobdernments, 6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1906. ot. Garaen Mo.B {908 DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE SEVERAL PARTS OF THIS VOLUME. Part I. pp. 1-192 was published December 1905. = Be 3 Sees e February 1906. » III. ,, 385 to end i June 1906. PREFACE. 1+ As already explained, the large and constantly increasing mass of material having exceeded the space allotted to it, made it necessary to divide Volume IV of the “ Flora of Tropical Africa” into two sections, which, however, are themselves of equivalent bulk to volumes and “might have been numbered as such had not the plan on which it has been found advisable to prepare the work made this impracticable. For the amended definition of the regions into which the area of the flora is divided, reference may be made to the preface to the seventh volume. In the prefaces to the first, the preceding section of this and succeeding volumes, will be found an enumeration of the materials employed up to 1868, and of the most important additions to them which have reached Kew since. The further collections cited in the present volume are : J. Upper Gurnea.—Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., and H. Reynolds, Liberia; E. W. Foster and N. L. Phillips, Lagos; W. R. Elliott, Northern Nigeria; Capt. G. B. Gosling, Norman C. McLeod and H. N. Thompson, Southern Nigeria. III. Nive Lanp.—Lieut.-Col. A. F. Appleton, Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman and Major D. Thomson, Somaliland; H. Brown, Bahr-el- Ghazal; Dr. A. G. Bagshawe, E. Brown and M. T. Dawe, Uganda ; Sir Evan James, K.C.I.E., C.S.I., Uganda and British East Africa ; C. F. Elliott, A. P. Grenfell, Claude Hollis and Andrew Linton, British East Africa. IV. Lower Gurnea.—Prof. H. H. W. Pearson, Damaraland. V. Sourn Crenrrat.—H. N. Ridley, plants collected by Major F. Chaves in the Congo State. VI. Mozampique.—J. F. Cunningham and Miss E. Kenyon, vl PREFACE, Nyasaland; E. C. F. Allen, T. Gardner, Lord Kesteven and F. W. Sykes, Rhodesia. Once more I must record my acknowledgments of the aid given me by Assistants in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens; to Mr. C. H. Wright, A.L.S., in preparing the manuscript for the press and in checking the proofs; and to Mr. N. E. Brown, A.L.S., for working out the geographical distribution. For the detailed topography the third edition of the “Spezial- karte von Afrika,” Gotha: Justus Perthes, 1893, has been chiefly used, Wt Toe Kew, March 31, 1906. CONTENTS CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS Order LXXXVIII. LXXXIX. XC. XCI. XCII. XCIII. XCIV. XCV. XCVI. XCVII. Hydrophyllaceze Boragineze Convolvulacese Solanaceze Scrophulariacew Orobanchaceze Lentibulariee Gesnerace Bignoniacee . Pedalinee Addenda Page IE CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS CONTAINED IN THE FOURTH VOLUME.—SECTION 2. Cohort VIII.—Polemoniales. Corolla reguiar. Stamens usually as many asthe corolla-lobes and alternate with them, Leaves alternate. LXXXVIII. Hyproruytiace®. Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely contorted. Ovules 2-0. Capsule loculicidal. Endosperm copious, fleshy. Herbs or under- shrubs. LXXXIX. BoraGinex. Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely contorted. Ovules 1-2 in each cell. Fruit of two or four 1-2-seeded nutlets or pyrenes. Endosperm Scanty or none. Herbs, shrubs or trees. XC. CONVOLVULACE®. Corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate, or limb more or less plicate. Ovules 1-2 in each cell. Fruit usually capsular, more rarely indehiscent and fleshy or woody. Endosperm copious, cartilaginous ; embryo straight. Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, often climbing ; leafless parasites in Cuscuta, 4 ~XCI. Soranace#. Corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate or imbricate, or limb plicate. Ovules numerous. Fruit baccate or capsular. Endosperm fleshy ; embryo more or less curved. | Cohort IX.—Personales. Corolla more or less irregular or oblique Stamens 5-2; when 5 the posticous smaller than the others or infertile. Ovary “superior, of 2 carpels. Ovules sometimes 2 to each carpel, usually more, often numerous, if 2 superposed, or in a few genera collateral. Fruit usually a capsule. XCII. ScroPHULARIACE®. Herbs or small shrubs. Leaves alternate, opposite or verticillate, simple. Inflorescence various. Ovary perfectly 2-celled ; ovules many on axile placentas. XCIII. Oropancuace®. Leafless parasitic herbs. Spikes or racemes terminal, few- or many-flowered. Ovary 1-celled; placentas 4, parietal, distinct or fused in pairs. x CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS. XCIV. LENTIBULARIE®, Small aquatic or marsh herbs, furnished with small bladders. Leaves entire or divided into narrow segments. Racemes terminal or axillary, simple or branched. Ovary 1-celled; placenta globose or ovoid, free central. XCV. GESNERACE®. Herbs or very small shrubs. Leaves opposite or sub- radical (alternate in Linn@opsis), undivided. Cymes axillary or subradical. Ovary 1-celled (at least in the upper part) ; placentas 2, parietal, much intruded. XCVI. BrGNoxracem. Trees or shrubs, frequently twiners or climbers. Leaves. opposite, rarely whkorled or alternate, usually compound. Ovary 2-celled, more rarely 1-celled with 2 parietal placentas; ovules numerous, XCVII. PepaLine®. Herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, simple. Ovary 2—4-(rarely 1-)celled; ovules solitary, or many superposed. Vol. I1V.—Sect. 2—Part I. Price 8s.‘ net. FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. EDITED BY SIR WILLIAM. T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G., C.LE, LL.D., Sc.D., F.B.S,, HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD ; DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES. LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO., LimiTeEp, Publishers to the dome, Colonial and Endian Gobernments 6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1906. 7) FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. Orpver LXXXVIIT. HYDROPHYLLACEA. (By J. G. Baker, with additions by N. E. Brown.) Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx inferior, deeply divided or cut to the base; lobes usually 5, rarely 8-12, imbricate or open in zstivation. Corolla gamopetalous, various in shape; lobes usually 5, rarely 8-12, imbricate. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, inserted at the sinuses or low down in the corolla-tube; filaments filiform or dilated at the base; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longi- tudinally. Hypogynous disk 0 or inconspicuous. Ovary superior l-celled with 2 parietal placentas or 2-celled; ovules 2 or more to each placenta; style filiform, usually bifid; stigmas capitate. Fruit usually a loculicidally 2-valved capsule. Seeds oblong, globose or angled; testa usually tubercled, reticulate or rugose; albumen copious, fleshy; embryo smal].—Annual or perennial herbs, rarely undershrubs, Stem-leaves usually alternate. Flowers in scorpioid or trichotomous cymes, or racemes or clusters. Species about 150, mostly American. Calyx-lobes, corolla-lobes and stamens 8-12 - . 1. Copon. Calyx-lobes, corolla-lobes and stamens 5 ° ° . 2. Hy¥DROLEA. ® 1, CODON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 830. y ' Calyx 8-12-lobed almost to the base ; lobes linear, open in estivation. foroitatube campanulate, plaited ; lobes 8-12, oblong. Stamens 8-12, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube and connected with it by thin or much compressed partitions at the base of the filiform filaments ; janthers oblong. Ovary ovoid, 2-celled ; style filiform, bifid to about {halfway down; stigmas simple, small; ovules numerous. Capsule 2—valved, enveloped in the persistent calyx. Seeds numerous, angular, covered with large flattened bladdery cells.—Coarse, erect herbs ; stems, jleaves and calyx covered with spreading spines. Leaves alternate, VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 B 2 petioled, sinuate. Flowers bracts.—Choisy in Ann. Se in terminal scorpioid cymes with leafy | cat. e669, 7, 18k. ‘The only two species, both of which extend into South Africa. Corolla 13-14 lin. long, white, striped with purple - IL. C. Royeni. Corolla 7 lin. long, yellow . 2. C. Schenckii. 1. C. Royeni, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 292. A stout, erect, much-branched shrub, 3 ft. or mor e high, armed, except the corolla, UXXXVIII. HYDROPHYLLACEZ (BAKER AND BROWN). [Codon. with copious spreading white spines, }-} in. long, and densely covered with a fine subtomentose gs Leaves ovate, 1-3 in. long, rounded at the base, sin sides ; petiole 4-1 in, long. bracts leaf-like; pedicels with 8-12 purple stripes Flowers in terminal scorpioid cymes; preading glandular pubescence. — 3-1} in. broad, acute or subobtuse, | f uate on the margin, scabrid on both 4-3 in. long. Calyx-lobes §-1 in. long, | linear or spathulate. Corolla campanulate, 8-12-lobed, white, | and thinly pubescent outside; tube about ¢ in. long, plaited; lobes 4—5 lin. long, 2—2} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, with a few glands on the or longer than the corolla; filaments filiform, hairy at the base, their back of the apical part. Stamens shorter basal partitions 2 lin. long, 1? lin. broad, bordered with woolly hairs which connect in an arched line with th ing partitions. Anthers 1 base. Capsule 4—5 lin. in with black glands.—Thunb. ose from the adjoin- 4-13 lin. long, oblong ; style hairy at the diam., globose, acuminate, often sprinkled Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 389; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 325; DC. Prodr. x. 589 ; Engl. Jahrb. x. 247 ; Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berlin, iv. 268 : Lower Guinea. C. H. Wright in Dyer, F. Cap. iv. ii. 2. Hereroland: in sandy ground near Usakos, 2900 ft., Mar- loth, 1234; and without precise locality, Pechuel-Loesche. Also in South Africa. 2. ©. Schenckii, Schinz in Abhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 173, very near C’. Royeni, from which it differs as follows : Calyx-lobes 4-4 in. long. Corolla yellow; tube 3-34 (54 ex Schinz) lin. long ; lobes 3} (2 ex Schinz) lin. long, 24-24 (14 ex Schinz) lin. broad. Partitions connecting the base of the sta 3 lin. broad, obtriangular, which extend in double ro —Engl. Jahrb. x. 248; C. Dregei, E. Meyer in Dré Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: 1800 ft., Marloth, 1235; and without west Africa, lat. 23°, Chapman § Baines ! mens to the corolla ? lin. long, densely bordered with white woolly hairs, ws a short distance up the corolla-tube and inarch to meet those from the adjoining stamens. Anthers 1 lin. long. C. H. Wright in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ji, 2. ge, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 17:\. | Hereroland ;_ Tscharridib precise locality, Luderitz, Schinz. Southz Also in Great and Little Namaqualand. 2. HYDROLEA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii, 831. Calyx 5-partite; sstiy Corolla 5-lobed almost to ation imbricate at the base, open above, the base, rotate-campanulate. Stamens 5 Hydrolea,| | LXXXVIII. HYDROPHYLLACER (BAKER AND BROWN). 3 inserted at the sinuses of the corolla ; filaments fiilform, usually dilated at the base; anthers sagittate. Ovary 2- (rarely 3-) celled; placentas fleshy, adnate to the dissepiments; ovules many in a cell; styles 2, distinct from the base, subulate; stigmas simple or capitate. Capsule globose, ellipsoid or ovoid, membranous, usually septicidally 2-valved. Seeds many, minute. Herbs or undershrubs, sometimes spinous, glabrous or softly glandular-pilose. Leaves alternate, entire. Flowers blue, usually in peduncled bracteate cymes, which form a panicle, some- times in axillary clusters or racemes. Species, about 20, spread widely in the Tropical and Temperate regions of both hemispheres. All the following species are herbaceous, without spines, Flowers racemosely arranged along the stems in axillary clusters or very short racemes . : : : . 1. H. guineensis, Flowers in panicled cymes Sepals cordate ; cymes lax, few-flowered . : . 2. H. macrosepala. Sepals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ; cymes compact, many-flowered Pedicels and sepals with long glandular hairs . 3. H. sansibarica, Pedicels and sepals glabrous to the eye Staminal-filaments with a cross-shaped or ob- cordate dilatation at the base. : . 4. H. floribunda. Staminal-filaments with a deltoid-ovate or rhomboid dilatation at the base . : . 5. E. graminifolia. 1. H. guineensis, Choisy in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, i. 180,—Main stem apparently decumbent or creeping, with erect or ascending branches 3-18 in. high, not hollow, glabrous. Leaves 14~3$ in. long, 2-8 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, acutely tapering at the base into a petiole 1-7 lin. long, glabrous. Flowers racemosely arranged in numerous axillary clusters of 3-5 or the lower 4—-7- flowered ; racemes }~1 in. Jong. Bracts 14-8 lin. long, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, glabrous. Pedicels $—-1 lin. long, glabrous. Sepals 24-3 (in fruit 34-4) lin. long, $-1} lin. broad, unequal, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,acute, glabrous. Corolla blue, glabrous; lobes nearly 1 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, oblong or narrowly elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex. Staminal-filaments 14-1} lin. long, filiform, with a deltoid dilated base ; anthers ? lin. long. Hypogynous disk very inconspicuous. Stytes 3-1 lin. long. Capsule about 2 lin. long, subglobose or very broadly ovoid.—DC. Prodr. x. 180. H. glabra, Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 161, not of Smith or other authors. H. zeylanica, A. W. enn. in Journ. Linn. Soe. xi. 275, partly, not of Vahl. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot or Leprieur, 79! Sierra Leone: between ahreni and Lokko, Scott-Elliot, 5805! Guinea, Thonning. Lagos: Abeokuta, Irving, 46! Southern Nigeria: Abo, Barter, 185! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 1486 ! Lower Guinea. Congo, Smith! Allied to H. zeylanica, Vahl, but easily recognised by its more clustered flowers and much shorter pedicels. The name H. glabra cannot be maintained for this plant, and has been so | Imisunderstood by A. W. Bennett in his “Review of the Genus Hydrolea,” in 4 LXXXVIII. HYDROPHYLLACEE (BAKER AND BROWN). [Hydrolea. Journ. Linn. Soc, xi., 266-279, that the following synonymy of the true plant may be worth giving: H. glabra, Banks ex Smith in Rees, Encyel., xxi. (1819), under Lycium ; Choisy in Ann. Se. Nat., sér, 1, xxx., 240 (1833), sér. 2, i., 180 (1834), and in DC. Prodr. x. 181. Lycium capsulare, Linn. Amen. Acad. iv. 308. Mexico, Miller. Smith states that the specimen in the Banksian (British Museum) Herbarium, which Choisy described, is the other half of Miller’s specimen in the Linnean Herbarium.— J. E. Br. 2. H. macrosepala, 4. W. Bennett in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 277, t. 1, fig. 13. Stems annual (Barter), erect, 8-24 in. high, glabrous, branched in the upper half. Leaves glabrous, lanceolate or the upper linear, acute, obtusely rounded or subtruncate at the base, sessile or very shortly petioled, 1-2in. long, 14-5 lin. broad. Panicle 3- 12 in. long, 3-9 in. broad, very lax, glabrous in all parts; branches sometimes trichotomous, but more usually alternately branched, laxly few-flowered, bracteate with reduced leaves ; pedicels 1-6 lin. long, slender. Sepals 24-22 lin. long when in flower, increasing to 3}- 4 lin. long in fruit, unequal, cordate-ovate, acute, the larger 1%, increasing to 2} lin. broad, thin, green. Corolla shorter than the calyx, blue; lobes 1} lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex. Staminal-filaments $ lin. long, filiform, slightly dilated at the base ; anthers } lin. long. Styles } lin. long. Capsule subglobose, 1}—2 lin. long, enclosed in the calyx. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria : Nupe, in swamps, Barter, 902! Wile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2540! The sepals in Schweinfurth’s specimen are roundish-cordate, broader in proportion to their length (which does not exceed 3 lin. in fruit), and are less tapering to the apex than in the type from which the above description is made, but I find no other difference.—V. E. Br. 3. H. sansibarica, Gilg in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 335. Stems 1-2 ft. high, erect, 1-2 lin. thick, hollow, simple and _ glabrous below, paniculately branched and glandular-hairy above. Leaves 13-3} in. long, 4-2 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, somewhat acutely narrowed at the base into a petiole 4-1} lin. long, spreading or ascending, glabrous on both sides. Panicle 2-6 in. long, 14-5 in. broad, glandular-hairy on the branches, bracts, pedicels and calyx; branches 1-2 in. long, ending in many-flowered trichotomous rather compact cymes; pedicels 1-4 lin. long. Sepals 14-2 lin. long, about } lin. broad, lanceolate, acumin- | ate. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx, blue, glabrous ; lobes 1} lin long, 1 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, rounded at the apex. Staminal-file - ments 3-1 lin. long, filiform, with a broadly deltoid-ovate dilated base J anthers } lin. long. Hypogynous disk not broader than the ovary, .- lin. in diam. Styles 4-4 lin. long. Capsule 14-2 lin. long, globose- | ovoid. Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: Kokotoni, Stuhlmann, i., 747 (ex Gilg), in swamps, Kirk! Hildebrandt, 994! also coast region of the mainland, Holst (ex Gilg). armneeytaretn Hydrolea.| | LXXXVIII, HYDROPHYLLACEEH (BAKER AND BROWN). > 4. H. floribunda, Kotschy d& Peyr. Pl. Tinn. 22, t.9, fig. B. Stems glabrous, erect, branched in the upper part. Leaves linear, narrowed at the base, glabrous, $—24 in. long, 14-2} lin. broad. Panicle oblong or subcorymbose, 6-8 in. long, 24—4 in. broad, with ascending branches 4-4 in. long, ending in dense many-flowered cymes, which are usually rather crowded, glabrous in all parts. Pedicels 1-4 lin. long. Sepals 14-2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute. Corolla blue; lobes 3 lin. long, about 14 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, subobtuse. Staminal-filaments 14-2 lin. long, filiform, with a cross-shaped dilatation at the base, the arms of which havea dorsal upcurved auricle ; anthers about 14 lin. long. Hypogynous disk conspicuous, $ lin. in diam., 5-crenate. Styles 2 lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid, 12 lin. long. Nile Gand. Bongo: banks of the River Jur, Zinne. Dar Fertit: by the Nguggu River, a tributary of the River Kura, Schweinfurth, iii., 131! 5. H. graminifolia, 4. W. Benn. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi, 277, t. 1, fig. 12, Perennial (Barter). Stems creeping and rooting at the base, then erect, 2—4 ft. high, 2-34 lin. thick, straight, simple, branched only at the inflorescence, hollow, glabrous. Leaves 2-34 in. long, 1-24 in. broad, linear, acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous, erect, those at the base of the flowering branches gradually smaller and reflexed. Panicle 3-8 in. long, oblong or corymbose, rather compact ; branches ascending 4-4 in. long, naked below, ending in dense many-flowered cymes, glabrous or most minutely puberulous on the pedicels and calyx. Pedicels 1-4 lin. long. Sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute. Corolla intense blue; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, rounded at the apex. Staminal- filaments 2 lin. long, filiform, with a deltoid-ovate or broadly rhomboid dilated base; anthers 14-1} lin. long. Hypogynous disk rather in- conspicuous, scarcely $ lin. in diam. Styles 3 lin. long. Capsule globose or ellipsoid, 14-2 lin. long. Upper Guinea. French Guinea: Sulimania; Erimakuna, in wet mud, Scott- Elliot, 5235! Northern Nigeria: Nupe; swamp near Jeba, Barter, 888! OrpeR LXXXIX. BORAGINEA. (By J. G. Baker, with additions by C. H. Wright.) Flowers hermaphrodite, usually regular. Calyx inferior; tube cammpanulate, often very short ; lobes usually 5, Corolla gamopetalous ; abe campanulate, funnel-shaped or cylindrical ; often furnished at the shroat with gibbosities or small scales; lobes usually 5, imbricate. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, inserted in or at the throat of the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform; anthers dehiscing longitudinally, ) various in shape. Disk annular or obsolete. Ovary superior of two | cells with two ovules in each or four lobes with one ovule in each; ‘style inserted at the apex of the ovary, or between the lobes, simple or once or twice forked; ovules erect or nearly horizontal. Fruit \indehiscent or breaking up into four nutlets. Seeds erect, oblique or 6 LXXXIX. BORAGINEZ (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [ Cordia. subhorizontal ; hilum small; testa membranous; albumen present or absent ; embryo straight or curved; cotyledons usually entire, rarely bifid or plicate—Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, exsti- pulate. Inflorescence normally a dichotomous cyme;_ branches frequently scorpioid. Flowers various in colour, usually blue or white. Calyx often more or less accrescent. Species 1200, cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical regions. * Style terminal on the ovary. Stigma terminal on the style. Style twice forked . . “ c : . 1. Corpia. Style once forked. Stamens inserted at or near the throat of the corolla-tube : : : : . 2. EHRETIA, Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube 3. Ruappra. Styles two, distinct . 4. COLDENIA. Style simple . : ; : : : 5. PoskEa. Style with a stigmatose ring below the apex. Fruit usually drupaceous : : “ . 6. TOURNEFORTIA. Fruit of 4 dry nutlets : . 7@, HELIOTROPIUM. ** Style inserted between the four lobes of the ovary. Calyx large, very accrescent . 3 = 4 . 8. TRICHODESMA. Calyx but little accrescent. + Flowers regular. Nutlets depressed orbicular : : - 9. CYNOGLOSSUM. Nutlets ovoid, triquetrous on the inner face. Throat of the corolla appendiculate with scales . : : ‘i : : - 10 ANCHUSA. Throat of the corolla without scales Style bifid. . . : : : - 11. ARNEBIA. Style simple. Filaments as long as the anthers . 12. SERICOSTOMA. Filaments very short. Corolla-lobes contorted . : . 13. Myosorts. Corolla-lobes imbricate : . 14. LITHOSPERMUM. tt Flowers more or less irregular. Corolla-limb nearly regular . : . 15. LoBostemon. Corolla-limb distinctly irregular. Stamens short é : : . 16. ECHINOCHILON. Stamens long : : : : - 17. Ecu1um. 1. CORDIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 838. Flowers often polygamous. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped or tubular, smooth or sulcate ; lobes 2-5, short, sometimes cohering. Corolla-tube cylindrical or funnel-shaped ; lobes 4—5, patent or recurved, usuall? imbricate or subcontorted. Stamens usually 4—5, inserted in the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate-oblong or linear. Ovary 4-celled; style elongated, filiform, twice forked ; stigmas 4, linear or) capitate; ovule erect, attached at the base or below the middle. Fruit! a drupe surrounded by the persistent accrescent calyx; endocarp\ usually bony ; cells 4 or by abortion fewer, 1-seeded. Seeds ascending, | ' exalbuminous ; cotyledons very plicate ; radicle short.— Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, petioled, entire or crenate-dentate. t ! i — Cordia. | LXXXIX. BORAGINEX (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 7 Flowers arranged in all the African species in panicled cymes with scorpioid branches. Corolla white or yellow, varying greatly in size. Species about 200, tropical or subtropical, concentrated in America. C. Sebestena, Linn. (C. speciosa, Willd), with large bright red flowers, is planted at Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 5910! It is a native of the West Indies. Corolla 9 lin. or more in diam. Calyx strongly sulcate. Corolla-lobes very short and broad. Leaves rounded at the base. Hairs on lower surface of the leaves not matted Hairs on lower surface of the leaves densely matted : Leaves acute at the base. Leaves drab pubescent beneath Leaves reddish pilose beneath Corolla-lobes much longer than broad. Filaments glabrous; corolla-lobes obtuse Filaments hairy ; corolla-lobes mucronate. Leaves scabrid above Leaves not scabrid above. Branchlets velvety pubescent Branchlets glabrous . Calyx slightly sulcate Calyx not sulcate. Leaves glabrous ; calyx ampulliform in fruit Leaves pubescent beneath; calyx campanulate in erat; : . : ° Corolla less than 9 lin. in diam: * Leaves alternate. + Panicles divaricately branched; branches stout, pubescent. Corolla-tube cylindrical. Corolla-lobes ovate-oblong, 4 lin. long Corolla-lobes oblong, 2 lin. long. . . Corolla-tube funnel-shaped. Leaves not scabrid above; calyx woolly pubes- cent outside. Inflorescence terminal. Leaves acuminate . 5 Leaves obtuse Inflorescence axillary : : . Leaves scabrid above; calyx with straight adpressed hairs outside. Leaves orbicular : : . Leaves obovate +t Panicles lax, but not avavicetely. branched ; branches slender, glabrous or nearly so. Leaves obtuse. Corolla 4-lobed 18 Corolla 5-lobed . 19 Leaves acuminate, oblong. Style-arms very short . 20 Style-arms long, linear : ol Leaves acuminate, ovate or elliptic . se Leaves acuminate, ovate-lanceolate [oes Mor) No) 3 LO: Baile 12. . C. abyssinica. . C. Holstii. . C. abyssinica, var. . C. harara, . C. stenoloba. . C. Dewevre. . C. aurantiaca. . C. Dusenii. . CO. Fischer. C. subcordata, C. chrysocarpa. C. Milleni. C. longipes, . C. platythyrsa. . C. Irvingii. . C. liebrechtsiana, . C. Johnsoni. . OC. Warnecke. . C. Getzet. . O. Myza. . C. Heudelotii. . C. Zedambe. . C. senegalensis. . C. Manni. 8 LXXXIX. BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [ Cordia. +++ Panicles not lax in flower. Calyx pubescent outside. Filaments glabrous . : : . 24. C. ovalis. Filaments hairy. Calyx cup-shaped . : : . 25. C. Stuhlmanniv. Calyx funnel-shaped : . 26. C. dioica. Calyx tubular-campanulate . . 27. C. crenata. Calyx tubular, constricted at the mouth : : : : . 28. C. guineensis. Calyx tomentose outside : : . 29. C. quarensis. Calyx pilose outside. Leives ovate or suborbicular . . 80. C. pilosissima. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong : - 381. C. somaliensis. ** Leaves opposite or subopposite - : : . 82. C. Rothit, 1, C. abyssinica, 2. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. 64.—A medium- sized tree; young branchlets clothed with drab tomentum. Leaves ovate or suborbicular, up to 7 by 5in., more or less rounded at the base, subcoriaceous, scurfy above when young, not very rough, pubescent beneath ; lateral nerves about 7 pairs; petiole up to 2 in. long. Cymes scorpioid, collected into an ample terminal panicle ; branches and calyx drab-tomentose. Calyx deeply 10-sulcate, tubular-campanulate, 3 lin. long; teeth broadly deltoid, cohering in bud. Corolla funnel-shaped, 9 lin. in diam., 3 times as long as the calyx; lobes short, rounded, undulate at the margins. Stamens much shorter than the corolla; filaments hirsute at the base. Style slightly longer than the stamens. Fruit ovoid, 6 lin. in diam., smooth.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 80; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 117; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop Afr. 351. Varronia abyssinica, DC. Prodr. ix. 469. Calyptraria africana, Lam. ex DC. Lc. Wile Land. Eritrea: near Acrur, 6200 ft, Schweinfurth S Riva, 1125! Abyssinia: near Adowa, Schimper, 285! 1935! north Tigre, Steudner, 858! Ampa Sea, Schimper ! Makhfoot, Roth, 428! and without precise locality, Quartin Dillon § Petit, 195! Schimper, 848! Galabat: by the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 1499! Sennar: Fazokl, Kotschy, 466! Kordofin: Bara village, Kotschy, 306! Bine Nile near Abu Shendy, Muriel, L, 30! Uganda: Ruwenzori; Wimi Valley, 6000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7841 ! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Blantyre, Buchanan, 89! Namasi, Cameron, 7! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 357! 1146! Var. 8 acutifolia, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Aby-s. ii. 80. Leaves elliptic, acute at the base or at both encs.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 714. ower Guinea, Angola: Golungo Alto; on the banks of the River Quia- poze, Welwitsch, 5433! Also in Arabia. 2. ©. Holstii, Giirke in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 335, t. 41.—A tree 20 ft. high, with the habit of Zilia, but with a rounder crown; young branchlets pubescent. Leaves suborbicular or broadly ovate, broadl rounded or subcordate at the base, entire, subcoriaceous, 3—5 in. long, yellow scurfy on the upper surface when young, soon glabrous, densely }) yellow tomentose beneath ; petiole 1-1} in. long. Cymes 3—5-flowered, | in lax terminal panicles; branchlets and calyx densely tomentose. |) Cordia. | LXXXIX. BORAGINEH (BAKER AND WRIGHT), 9 Calyx campannlate-turbinate, shallowly 10-sulcate, 3 lin. long; teeth 4-5, short, broadly deltoid. Corolla white, 9 lin. long, shallowly and roundly lobed. Stamens much shorter than the corolla; anther-cells divaricate at the base; filaments hirsute at the base. Style exserted ; arms flat.—Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 306. Wile Land. Uganda: Lendu Plateau, west of the Albert Nyanza, Stuhlmann, 2735. British East Africa: Galunka, Kdssner, 778! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 4900 ft., Vol- kens, 249! Usambara: Kisara, in forest, Holst, 2347! Kwa Mshuza, Holst, 9068 ! This much resembles some of the Nyasaland specimens of C. abyssinica, R. Br. 3. ©. harara, Beck in Paulitschke, Harar, 457. A tree; branch- lets tomentose. Leaves ovate, 4—5 in. long, half as broad, very shortly and unequally narrowed to the base, acuminate, obscurely and distantly serrate; entire near the apex, glabrous above, pilose with reddish hairs beneath ; lateral nerves 5-6 pairs; petiole 2 in. long, minutely tomen- tose, pilose towards the apex. Cymes Jax, repeatedly dichotomous. Calyx-tube campanulate, tomentose, 10-sulcate, 4 lin. long, acuminate in bud, unequally and shortly toothed. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 1 in. long, probably white; limb obscurely lobed; lobes very broad, glabrous. Nile Land. Somaliland: Mount Haqim, near Harar, Hardegger &¥ Paulitschke. 4. C. stenoloba, Giirke in Notizbl. Kinigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 60. A shrub; branchlets clothed with fulvous tomentum. Leaves shortly petioled, oblong or obovate-oblong, the lower 7-8 in. long by half as broad, rounded at the base, long acuminate at the apex, irregularly dentate upwards, coriaceous, glabrous above, hairy on the nerves beneath. Panicle lax; pedicels short. Calyx 6-8 lin. long; tube cylindrical, pilose, 10-sulcate ; teeth 3-5, lanceolate-deltoid, acuminate, rigid, 14-2 lin. long. Corolla 1 in. long, nearly twice as long as the calyx ; tube narrow; lobes lanceolate, obtuse. Stamens shorter than the corolla, glabrous. Fruit ovoid, conical, glabrous, 1 in. long, 5 lin. in diam. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 502, 505, 510, 594! 5. ©. Dewevrei, De Wild. d: Durand in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxviii. 37. A shrub 63-8 ft. high; branchlets pilose. Leaves alternate or subopposite, elliptic, acute or abruptly acuminate, acute or almost cordate at the base, 24-6 in. long, 2-23 in. wide, entire or irregularly dentate; upper surface shining, scabrid, sparingly pilose, very hairy on the nerves; lower surface pilose ; primary nerves impressed above, prominent beneath; petiole 24-5 lin. long. Cymes terminal, 1}-14 in. long, little branched, many-flowered. Calyx tubular-cam- vanulate, longitudinally ribbed, pilose, 4 lin. Jong, 2 lin. in diam. ; zeth 5, broad. Corolla tubular-campanulate ; tube yellow: lobes 5, andulate, orange. Stamens 5, longer than the calyx; filaments yellow & 10 LXXXIX. BORAGINEZ (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [ Cordia. anthers brown, about 1 lin. long. Style green; stigmas 4, exserted. Fruit ovoid, 7 lin. long, 4 lin. in diam., much longer than the persistent calyx.—Reliq. Dewevr. 162. South Central. Congo Free State: Old Kasongo, Dewévre. 6. C. aurantiaca, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 26. Antirrhinum.| XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 295 Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 205. A. Orontiwm, var. abyssinicum. Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 114; Engl. Hochgebirgsil. Trop. Afr. 377 ; Almagiad in Ann, Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 138. Nile Land. Nubia: coast region, Bent! Eritrea: Mount Kube, Schwein- furth §& Riva, 1539! Mount Deban, Beceari, 266! and various localities, Terrac ciano & Pappi, Abyssinia: near Adowa, Schimper, 105! Debra Eski, Schimper, 89; Bellaka, Schimper, 416. Hawash and Maki Rivers, Wellby! and without precise locality, Schimper, 893! 1869! Widely spread in Europe, Asia, North Africa, the Canary Islands, Socotra, Mauritius, and South Africa, 12. HALLERIA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 936. Calyx cup-shaped-campanulate ; lobes 3-5, broad and short. Corolla-tube curved or straight, inflated above; limb short, spread- ing, sometimes oblique, with the upper outside lip shortly 2-lobed and the lower lip longer, concave and shortly 3-lobed, or the lips nearly equal, Stamens 4, didynamous, scarcely declinate, affixed to the middle of the corolla-tube, usually exserted ; filaments filiform ; anther- cells diverging, at length divaricate, scarcely confluent; rudiment of the fifth stamen 0. Style filiform; stigma minute. Ovules numerous in each cell. Fruit a berry. Seeds rather large, compressed, sur- rounded by a rather thick narrow wing.—Glabrous shrubs. Leaves Opposite, often ovate, smooth, shining, quite entire or dentate. Pedicels often fascicled on a very short axillary peduncle, rarely solitary, with two bracteoles below the middle. Corolla red. Species 5, extending to South Africa and Madagascar. Leaves ovate, usually 24-3 in. long; corolla-tube curved 1. H. lucida, Leaves elliptic, 1-1} in. long; corolla-tube straight . 2. H. elliptica, 1, H. lucida, Linn. Sp. Pl. 625, excl. var. B. A shrub or some- times a tree, reaching a height of 30-50 ft. Leaves 1-34 in. long, $~2 in. broad, usually broadly ovate, coriaceous, acuminate or caudate- acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the base, serrate-crenate or serrulate ; petiole 2—4 lin. long. Flowers 2~8 or more together, rarely solitary, in the axils of the leaves or sometimes on the leafless parts of the stems and branckes ; pedicels 5-6 lin.long. Calyx 4-5 lin. in diam., shortly 3~d-lobed. Corolla 9—15 lin. long, brown-red, orange or purple ; tube curved, slightly gibbous at the base in front, minutely pubescent out- side ; limb unequally 4-lobed; posticous lobe entire, emarginate or bifid. Stamens and style exserted. Berry 6-8 lin. long, ellipsoid or globose, dark purple.—Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 54, and in DC. Prodr. x. 301; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 116; Bot. Mag. t. 1744 ; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 401; Hiern in Dyer, Fi. Cap. iv. ii. aes OH. abyssinica, Jaub. & Spach, Ilustr. Pl. Orient. v. 65, 66, tt. 499, 460; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 377. Mile Land. Abyssinia: Shireh, Quartin-Dillon. t. Aber, Schimper, 858! and without precise locality, Roth, 473 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: by the River Cunene, Johnston ! Samen; around Mount 296 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [| Halleria. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 6560 ft., Volkens, 1281! Kinga (Livingstone) Mountains, 8500 ft., Goetze, 946. British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; Zomba Plateau, 5000 ft., Whyte! Also in South Africa. 2. H. elliptica, Thunb. in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 39. An erect shrub 4—6 ft. high ; branches subquadrangular. Leaves 1-1} in. long, 4-1 in. broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, coriaceous, acute, minutely and remotely denticulate or sometimes distinctly serrate ; petiole 1-2 lin. long. Flowers solitary or 2-8 together; pedicels 5 lin. long. Calyx 3 lin. in diam., 2 lin. long; lobes subequal, broadly rounded, minutely mucronate. Corolla 3-1 in. long; tube straight, slightly and equally dilated at the base, much dilated above, minutely glandular-pubescent, very shortly 4-lobed; lobes subequal. Stamens and style included or at length exserted. Berry 4-5 lin. long, dark purple, ellipsoid or globose. —Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 54, and in DC. Prodr. x. 302; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 356; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 209. H. lucida, var. 8, Linn. Sp. Pl. 625. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua Country; Namuli Hills, Last! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Mlanji, Whyte! Fuchila Plateau, 6000 ft., Purves, 79! Also in South Africa. 13. SCROPHULARIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 937. Calyx deeply 5-fid or 5-partite ; segments usually obtuse, sometimes orbicular and scarious on the margins, rarely rather acute. Corolla- tube ventricose, globose or oblong; lobes 5, short, flat, 4 (including the 2 posticous, which are usually larger) erect; anticous lobe spreading. Perfect stamens 4, didynamous, affixed to the corolla-tube, declinate, included or exserted, filaments filiform or rather thick ; stamincde posticous, scale-like, affixed to the apex of the corolla-tube, or wanting ; anther-cells confluent, transverse. Style filiform; stigma minute oF more rarely capitate. Ovules numerous in each cell. Capsule ovoid or subglobose, usually acute, septicidal ; valves entire or bifid. Seeds ovoid, rugose, not winged.—Glabrous or hirsute, often fcetid herbs or under- shrubs. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, entire, incised or dis- sected, often with pellucid dots. Inflorescence a terminal simple or branched thyrsus of lax cymes. Flowers rather small, greenish-purple, purple or yellow. Species about 120, in the extratropical regions of the northern hemisphere. 1. S. arguta, Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 342. An erect more or less glandular-pubescent annual, 6 in. to 2 ft. high ; eines simple or with a few straight ascending branches. Leaves up to 24 in. long and 2 in. broad, broadly ovate, acute, subcordate, truncate 0 cuneate at the base, irregularly dentate or bidentate ; petiole 3-1 mn. Scrophularia.] XCII. SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 297 long. Cymes 2-5-flowered or sometimes reduced to one flower, shortly pedunculate, forming a rigid leafy or sometimes almost leafless thyrsus ; pedicels 1-34 lin. long; bracteoles setaceous, very small. Calyx 1} lin. long; segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute. Corolla urceolate, rather longer than the calyx. Stamens included ; staminode orbicular-obcordate. Capsule 24-34 lin. long, ovoid, beaked, glabrous. —Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 305; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 306; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 139 ; Webb & Berth. Iles Canaries, Hoe tu. W131, & 177.< 8, rostrata, Hochst. ex Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 395, Nile Land. Nubia: Hor Tamanib, Lord! Coast region, Bent! Eritrea : various localities, Terracciano ¥ Pappi. Abyssinia: Tacazze Valley, Schimper, 1428! Somaliland: Serrut Mountains, 4900ft., near Maid, Hildebrandt, 1407 ! and without precise locality, Mrs. Lort Phillips! Also in Europe, North Africa, Canary Islands, Arabia, and Socotra. 14, POLYCARENA, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii, 944. Calyx membranous, 2-lipped, bipartite in the fruiting stage. Corolla persistent; tube slender, longer or shorter than the calyx, dilated at the throat; lobes 5, spreading, entire, subequal, the two posticous outside. Stamens 4, didynamous, affixed to the corolla-tube, shortly exserted; anthers 1-celled by confluence. Style filiform, clavate at the apex; stigma obtuse. Ovules numerous in each cell. Capsule membranous, septicidal; valves bifid. Seeds numerous; testa loose—Dwarf viscous usually much-branched annual herbs. Leaves opposite below, alternate above, entire or dentate. Flowers small, in terminal racemes or spikes, which are at first capitate, at length elongated ; bracts leaf-like, solitary, adnate to the pedicel and calyx. Species 21, all except the following endemic in South Africa. 1. P. discolor, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandeab. xxxi. 191, A slender erect or suberect sparingly branched glandular-pubescent annual, 13-5 in. high. Leaves sessile, 2-6 lin. long, $-} lin. broad, linear or narrowly lanceolate, obtuse, usually entire, sometimes remotely denticulate. Inflorescence 3-4 lin. long and broad, elongating in the fruiting stage; bracts lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 14-2 lin. long; pedicels very short. Calyx 1} lin. long; segments unequal, {-1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, concave inside. Corolla 2} lin. long, glabrous ; tube 1}-14 lin. long; limb 2-lipped ; upper lip shorter than the ee whitish with 2 deep-orange-yellow blotches; lower lip at first blue, afterwards rose-coloured. Stamens and style exserted. Capsule 1} ice long, oblong-ellipsoid, glabrous.—Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 1. $27, Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Uridum, on the west — of the Kalahari, Schinz, 32! and without precise locality, Chapman §& Baines ! Also in Bechuanaland. 298 XCII, SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Jamesbrittenia. 15. JAMESBRITTENTIA, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 461. Calyx 5-partite; segments narrow, scarcely imbricate. Corolla- tube slender, equal, not dilated at the throat; limb small, subpatent; lobes 5, obtuse, somewhat unequal, the two posticous outside and somewhat smaller. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; filaments fili- form; anthers 1-celled by confluence. Style short, filiform, shortly 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid-oblong, septicidal ; valves shortly bifid. Seeds numerous, slightly rugose.—Dwarf diffuse very much branched viscid-pubescent herbs. Lower leaves opposite, the upper alternate, incised-pinnatifid or dissected; segments incised or dentate. Flowers small, axillary, or the upper flowers in terminal racemes.—Sutera, Roth, Nov. Pl. Spec. 291, not of his Bot. Bemerk. 172. Species 1. 1. J. dissecta, 0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 461. Branches 4-12 in. long, decumbent or ascending, terete, slender. Leaves }—1 in. long, 2-5 lin. broad, ovate or oblong, incised-dentate, pinnatifid or dissected, narrowed at the base, petiolate. Pedicels 1-2 lin. long, slender. Calyx 1} lin. long; segments linear-oblanceolate, subacute. Corolla 2 lin. long, nearly white; lobes } lin, long, } lin. broad. Capsule as long as or slightly longer than the calyx.—Sutera glandulosa, Roth, Nov. Pl. Spec. 291; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 362; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 258; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 101. 8. dissecta, Walp. Rep. ii. 271. Capraria dissecta, Del. Fl. d’Egypte, 95, t. 32, fig. 3. Wile Land. Nubia: near Khartoum, Kotschy, 330! between Korosko and Derr, Bromfield ! White Nile; El-Ehs, Schweinfurth, 976! near Wady Halfa and near Dabbe. Ehrenberg. Also in Egypt, Arabia, and India. 16. MANULBEA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 946. Calyx deeply 5-fid or 5-partite; segments narrow, scarcely imbri- cate. Corolla deciduous ; tube elongated, slender, suberect at the apex; throat usually not dilated ; limb spreading; lobes 5, entire or emarg!- nately 2-fid, equal, or the 2 posticous (exterior) lobes more approximated or more connate. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments filiform, short; anthers 1-celled by confluence ; upper pair reniform, perfect or sterle, included or slightly exserted; lower pair oblong, perfect, included. Style filiform, subclavate at the apex; stigma obtuse. Capsule with septicidal dehiscence ; valves bifid at the apex. Seeds numerous, rugose.—Glabrous or pubescent herbs, very rarely undershrubs. Leaves often in rosettes or crowded at the base of the stem ; cauline leaves usually few, opposite or the upper alternate. Flowers usually in fascicles forming elongated irregular thyrsoid racemes, sometimes 1? simple racemes. Corolla usually orange-coloured.—Nemia, Bergtus; Desc. P]. Cap. 160. A genus of 37 species, all but the following confined to South Africa. Manulea. | XCII, SCROPHULARIACEH® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 299 1, M. angolensis, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 478. An erect annual or biennial herb 14-24 ft. high; root thick, sometimes more or less turnip-shaped; stem stout, simple, sparingly and minutely glandnlar-puberulous, terete, scantily leafy. Radical leaves 1-1} in. long, 3-4 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, obtuse, much at- tenuated at the base, obscurely and remotely crenate-serrate, sparingly and minutely glandular-puberulous, forming a loose rosette; cauline leaves distant, alternate, similar to the radical leaves. Thyrsus few- branched, 1-14 ft. long; cymes distant, shortly stalked; flowers crowded, sessile. Calyx 3-1 lin. long, dusky orange-coloured ; seg- ments spathulate-linear, much thickened at the apex, obtuse, ciliate. Corolla 23-3 lin. long, orange-coloured, nearly glabrous, subringent ; tube somewhat inflated on the posticous side at the apex; limb 1 lin. in diameter ; lobes oblong, scarcely 3 lin. long, less than } lin. broad, subequal. Stamens included ; lower anthers perfect, oblong, the upper reniform, imperfect, very much smaller than the lower. Style filiform, 2 lin. long. Capsule 1 lin. long, broadly ovoid.—Nemia angolensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 5836! near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5835 ! 17. SUTERA, Roth, Bot. Bemerk. 172, not of Nov. Pl. Sp. 291. Calyx usually 5-partite, sometimes 5-lobed ; segments or lobes linear, lanceolate or rarely ovate, imbricate, not membranous. Corolla decidu- ous, tubular; tube shorter or much longer than the calyx, usually Slender, cylindric below or funnel-shaped, nearly straight or more or less curved towards the apex, gibbous on the upper side near the apex or more or less dilated at the throat or sometimes nearly entirely cylindric; limb spreading, 5-lobed, more or less regular or 2-lipped ; lobes entire, emarginate or bifid, subequal, imbricate in bud, the 2 uppermost outside. Stamens 4, didynamous, attixed to the corolla- tube, more or less exserted or the upper or all of them included ; fila- ments filiform; anthers all perfect, 1-celled by confluence, reniform. Style filiform, included or exserted, somewhat clavate above; stigma obtuse. Capsule septicidal ; valves bifid. Seeds many, small, rugose.— Glabrous, pubescent, sometimes viscid herbs, undershrubs or small shrubs often drying blackish. Leaves mostly opposite, dentate, incised or dissected, rarely entire. Bracts usually similar to the leaves, free from the pedicels. Flowers axillary or in terminal racemes or in simple or compound cymes or spikes; pedicels ebracteolate or rarely bracteolate.—Chanostoma, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 374, and in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 945. Zyperia, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 945. Camptoloma, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 430, and in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 960. Urbania, Vatke in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 10. Species 123, most numerous in South Africa; 1 in the Canary Islands. 300 Corolla 2-5 lin. long. Annual herbs. Pedicels 13-2} in. long; cylindric below Pedicels 6-10 lin. long ; corolla-tube funnel- shaped Perennials, often with woody stems and branches. Calyx 23-33 lin. long, about as long as the corolla-tube; leaves narrowly lanceolate, Sete or pinnatipartite Calyx 13-2 lin. long, much shorter than the corolla-tube ; leaves lanceolate to obovate and entire to pinnatifid, or ovate to sub- orbicular and bipinnatisect. Leaves ovate or suborbicular, bipinnatisect Leaves lanceolate to obovate, entire, toothed or pinnatifid. Corolla 5 lin. long; leaves entire or shortly toothed Corolla up to 3 lin. long; leav es deeply toothed or pinnatifid. Plant up to 1 ft. high ; branches thick ; capsule 14-13 in. long Plant up to 1} ft. high; branches up to 13 lin. thick ; ; capsule to 22 lin. long . . . : Corolla 6-14 lin. long. Annual herbs, or, if perennial, with herbaceous stems and branches; leaves usually large, on long petioles. Pedicels 1-5-flowered, bracteolate; calyx-segments more than 1 Jin. broad. Plant deeply covered with long soft hairs ; leaves up to 14 in, in diam.; petioles up to 10 lin. long Plant very sparingly and shortly hairy ; f leaves up to 2 in. indiam.; petioles up to 15 lin. long ° Pedicels always 1-flowered, ebracteolate except in S. dubia; calyx-segments less than 1 lin. broad. Pedicels bracteolate, shorter than the see ; plant 14 ft. high or more . Pedicels ebracteolate, 2-6 times as long as the calyx ; plant 6-12 in, high. Lower leaves cordate ; pedicels twice as long as the calyx . : Lower leaves not cordate ; pedicels 3-6 ‘times as long as the calyx. Plant very viscid ; leaves acute, cuneate at the base ; capsule 3-4 lin. long Plant not viscid ; leaves obtuse, rounded or subtruncate at the base ; — 2- 23 lin. long : Perennials with woody stems and Nesnche leaves small, sessile or shortly stalked, corolla-tube narrowly 4 lin. ot = ae ale ples cals & XCII. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). > INE S. SS [Sutera. pedunculosa. hereroensis. . elegantissima. . aurantiaca. . canescens. . micrantha. . blantyrensis. . corymbosa, Welwitschit. dubia. lyperieflora. . tomentosa. heucherifolia. Sutera. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 301 Leaves close together, often overlapping, sessile, amplexicaul or at least broad at the base ; flowers subsessile. Corolla 6 lin. long : : : : : - 14. 8. amplevxicaulis, Corolla 8-12 lin. long . : : : : . 15. S. Masti, Leaves less close together, not overlapping, stalked or at least narrowed at the base; flowers distinctly stalked. Leaves lanceolate, ovate to suborbicular, up to 1} in. long and 73 lin. broad. Plant covered with grey somewhat matted soft hairs ; leaves about as broad as long; flowers 5-7 lin. long . . : : . 16. 8. Gossweileri, Plant covered with short rather stiff often glandular hairs or the leaves almost glabrous; leaves distinctly longer than broad ; flowers 83-14 lin. long. Inflorescence pyramidal; bracts large, similar to the leaves ; : : é . 17. 8. Carvalhoi. Inflorescence subcorymbose; bracts small, linear . . . ‘ ° - . 18. 8. grandiflora, Leaves usually cuneate, 3-6 lin. long, 13-3 lin. broad. Leaves much toothed; calyx 24-3 lin. long; corolla white . . 19. S. burkeana, Leaves entire or few-toothed only at the apex; calyx 14-2 lin. long; corolla saffron, reddish-brown or purple-red. Leaves #-2 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, entire ; corolla-lobes # lin, broad : - . 20. 8S. atropurpurea. Leaves 2-6 lin. long, toothed at the apex; corolia-lobes 14-2 lin. broad . ; . 21. S. huillana. 1. S. pedunculosa, 0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467. A decum- bent diffuse much-branched glandular-pubescent annual herb ; branches up to 18 in. long. Leaves up to 1 in. long and $in. broad, elliptic-ovate, usually acute, cuneate at the base, irregularly bidentate, incised-dentate or pinnatifid, subsessile or petiolate ; petioles up to 8 lin. long. Flowers axillary ; pedicels filiform, 14-2} in. long. Calyx 14-1} lin. long; seg- ments linear-lanceolate, somewhat acute. Corolla yellow ; tube 2-3 lin. long, narrow, cylindric and straight below, equally dilated at the throat . limb 4—5 lin. in diam.; lobes suborbicular, nearly equal. Stamens in- cluded, the longer pair as long as the corolla-tube, Capsule 2-2} lin. long, ovoid, emarginate, bisuleate, minutely glandular-pubescent.— Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 267. Cheenostoma pedunculosum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DO. Prodr. x. 357; Marloth ex Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 253. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Hykamkab, 1000 ft., Marloth, 1207. Otyimbingue, 2950 ft., Marloth, 1380. Also in Little Namaqualand. 2. S. hereroensis, Skan. A sparsely pilose annual 4—6 in. high ; stem slender, simple or sparingly branched ; branches 2-4 in. long. 302 XCH. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Sutera Leaves }-1 in. long, 4-2 in. broad, thin, broadly ovate, usually acute, truncate, or slightly cuneate at the base, coarsely dentate or sometimes bidentate, everywhere sparsely pilose; petiole 74-10 lin. long, pilose. Inflorescence a short terminal few-flowered raceme, covered with slender glandular hairs ; bracts similar in shape to the leaves but much smaller; pedicels slender, 6-10 lin. long. Calyx-segments 1} lin. long, } lin. broad, linear, acute, glandular-hairy. Corolla sparsely and minutely pilose; tube infundibuliform, 3-3} lin. long, pilose inside; limb spreading ; lobes 1 lin. long and broad, subequal, obovate. Stamens included. Capsule slightly longer than the calyx, elongate-oblong.— Cheenostoma hereroense, Engl. in Eng). Jahrb. xix. 150. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Hykamkab, in shady rocky places, 980 ft., Marloth, 1207. Usakos, on rocks, Lindner ! 3. S. elegantissima, Skan. A slender erect glandular-pilose undershrub 1-2 ft. high or more. Branches terete, erect or spreading, elongated or sometimes only a few inches long. Leaves 4~8 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, shortly petiolate, pinnatipartite or interruptedly pinnatifid ; segments entire, irregularly dentate or subpinnatifid, obtuse. Flowers axillary, solitary ; pedicels 24-6 lin. long, erect-spreading, rigid. Calyx 24-34 lin. long; segments linear, obtuse or subacute, densely glandular-pilose, especially on the margins. Corolla 4—5 lin. long, sub- infundibuliform, minutely glandular-puberulous on the lower part of the tube and on the back of the lobes, densely pilose near the top of the tube ; tube somewhat unequally inflated in the upper part; limb about 2} lin. in diam. ; lobes subequal, rounded. Stamensand style included. Capsule 17-2} lin. long, narrowly ovoid, glabrous.—Lyperia elegan- tissima, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. 192. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland ; Ondonga, Okasima- Ka-Namutenya, and Omatope, Schinz, 43! 136! Oshiheke near Olukonda, Schinz. 4, S. aurantiaca, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757. A decumbent or ascending much branched densely glandular-pubescent perennial herb or undershrub ; branches 4-12 in. long, slender, terete, woody, or woody at the base and herbaceous above. Leaves 3-9 lin. long, 2—5 lin. broad, ovate to suborbicular, bipinnatisect, shortly petiolate or the upper subsessile; primary segments often stalked ; secondary segments entire, linear, subacute, or deeply pinnatifid. Flowers few, solitary, in the axils of the upper leaves; pedicels 4—7 lin. Jong. Calyx 14-1} lin. long; segments spathulate-linear, obtuse or subacute, entire or with 1 or 2 teeth near the apex. Corolla 3-4 lin. long, red ; tube slightly inflated on the posticous side at the apex ; limb about 2 lin. in diam., somewhat oblique ; lobes about 3? lin. long and broad, subequal. Stamens included. Style 13 lin. long; stigma capitate. Capsule s long as or slightly shorter than the calyx, ovoid, minutely puberulous. —Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 292. Buchnera aurantiaca, Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i, 888. Lyperia multifida, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380, and in DO. Prodr. x. 361 ; Schinz in Bull. Trav. Soe. Bot. Geneve, vi. 70. Sutera. | XCII, SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 3038 Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; banks of the River Cuanza, near Condo, Welwitsch, 1227! (specimen imperfect, the determination therefore doubtful). Mozamb. Dist. Transvaal: Elim, Wingard § Creux, 5. S. canescens, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 303. A slender erect perennial a few inches to 1} ft. high, usually branched from the base, and more or less covered everywhere with shining whitish usually sessile sometimes shortly stalked glands ; branches terete, woody at least at the base. Leaves 3-9 lin. long, 1-4 lin. broad, distinctly petiolate below, subsessile above, lanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, subacute, attenuated at the base, serrate-dentate or incised-dentate; teeth sub- acute. Flowers in elongated terminal simple or branched racemes; bracts usually leaf-like below, very small and linear above ; pedicels 3-5 (rarely up to 7) lin. long, rigid, erect-spreading, usually} covered with stalked glands. Calyx 14-14 lin. long, deeply cleft; segments 4 lin. broad, linear, subacute. Corolla 5 lin. long; tube $ lin. broad below, slightly inflated at the top; limb scarcely 2 lin. in diam. ; lobes about ? lin. long and broad, subequal. Stamens included. Style nearly as long as the corolla-tube. Capsule 14-2 lin. long, narrow-ovoid, obtuse. —Lyperia canescens, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 379, and in DC. Prodr. x. 359. Chanostoma canescens, Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 490. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand ; Rehoboth, Schinz, 27! and in the bed of a river, Schinz, 31! 33! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Western Bechuanaland ; Olifant’s Kloof, Schinz, 11! Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 268! Also in South Africa. 6. S. micrantha, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii, 263. A minutely glandular-puberulous perennial herb or undershrub, reaching | ft. high, sparingly branched ; branches slender, only about $ lin. thick, subterete. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 7-12 lin. long, 34-5 lin. broad, obtuse, pinnatifid-lobed, the upper ‘alternate ; lobes crenate-serrate or entire ; petiole usually about 24 lin. long, narrowly winged. Flowers axillary or in terminal racemes up to 6 in. long; lower bracts similar to the leaves but smaller; upper bracts 3-lobed and the uppermost linear, all except the lowest shorter than the pedicels; pedicels 3-5 lin. lony. Calyx-segments oblong-spathulate or linear, about 1} lin. long, § lin. broad, obtuse or obtusely acute. Corolla yellow ; tube scarcely curved, 24 lin. long, somewhat narrowly cylindric below, enlarged at the throat, where it is barely 2 lin. in diam. ; limb 3 lin. in diam. ; lobes ovate, very obtuse, 1 lin. long and broad. Longer stamens almost exserted. Capsule ellipsoid-ovoid, 14-14 lin. long.—S. fissifolia, 8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467. Lyperia micrantha, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 222. Chenostoma micranthum, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 356 ; Dielsin Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 492. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi ; near Lupata, Kirk! Rio de Sena, Peters! British Central Africa: Rhodesia, Gardner ! Matabeleland ; Buluwayo, Rand, 155! banks and islands of the lower Matengue River, Holub, 1312! 1313! 504 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Sutera. Also in extratropical Transvaal and Swaziland. 7. S. blantyrensis, Skan. A compact erect densely glandular puberulous undershrub about 1} ft. high, freely branched from the hase ; branches 1—14 lin. in diam. atthe base, terete. Leaves 7-10 lin. long, 33-6 Jin. broad, decreasing in size upwards, ovate or ovate- lanceolate, obtuse, much attenuated at the base, irregularly dentate, incised-dentate or pinnatifid ; segments obtuse, sometimes denticulate ; petiole 2-4 lin. long. Flowers in lax terminal racemose inflorescences 6-9 in. long; pedicels $-1 in. long, erect-spreading, usually slightly curved. Calyx 13-2 lin. long, densely glandular-puberulous ; segments about 4 lin. broad, linear-oblong, slightly unequal, scarcely acute, thick. Corolla 3 lin. long, subinfundibuliform, glandular-puberulous outside ; tube ? lin. broad at the base, slightly curved ; limb 2-lipped ; lobes ? lin. long and broad, rounded. Stamens and style included. Capsule 24-2? lin. long, ellipsoid-ovoid, slightly atttenuated at the apex, obtuse, lepidote-puberulous. . Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Blantyre, Buchanan! and in Herb, Wood., 6630! Angoniland, Sharpe, 96! 8. S. corymbosa, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757. A densely glandular-pilose herb 1-2 ft. high; branches herbaceous, ascending, 44-8 in. long; internodes 5-7} lin. long. Leaves 4-1} in. long and broad, suborbicular, cordate at the base, obtuse or subacute, crenate; petiole 5-10 lin. long. Inflorescence a 3-5-flowered cyme 1}-2 in. long ; pedicels 5-10 lin. Jong, slender; bracteoles 1-2 lin. long, linear. Culyx-segments 43—5 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad in the upper part, oblong- spathulate or narrowiy oblong, obtuse. Corolla white, sparingly hairy outside ; tube 6 lin. long, cylindric, hairy inside about the throat ; lobes semi-oblong, 1-14 lin. long, obtuse. Stamens included. Capsule 5 lin. long, narrowly ovoid, beaked ; beak 1-14 lin. long.—Camptoloma rotun- difolium, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 431. Chanostoma corymbosum, Marloth & Engl. in Engl. Jabrb. x. 253. Lyperia corymbosa, N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1896, 163. Lower Guinea. Angola: Elephants Bay, Curror, 13! German South-west Africa: Hereroland ; in sandy shady places near Daviep, 1150 ft., Marloth, 1461! 9. S. Welwitschii, Skan. An erect or ascending branched herb, 1-2 ft. high, sparingly covered almost everywhere with very short glandular hairs, stem and branches herbaceous; branches ascending, 4-8 in. long; internodes up to 2 in. long. Leaves alternate or some times subopposite, broadly ovate to orbicular, the largest 2 in. in diam., dentate-serrate, rarely almost entire, obtuse, rounded, truncate, or slightly cuneate at the base, sometimes slightly cordate; petiole 3-1} in. long. Flowers axillary and solitary, or the uppermost in 2- or 3-flowered cymes about 14 in. long; pedicels 3-1} in. long; bracteoles linear, about 1 lin. long. Calyx 4 lin. long, glandular-pubescent ; segments oblong, obtuse, about 1 lin. broad, ciliate. Corolla 7} lin. long, white to yellow, wit purple veins, violet on the tube, sparingly hairy on the limb outside ; tube 54 lin. long, somewhat funnel-shaped, 1 lin. bread at the base, Sutera. | _ XCII, SCROPHULARIACE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 305 slightly curved, hispidly hairy inside about the throat; limb slightly 2-lipped ; upper lip 2-lobed ; lobes broadly semi-ovate, 1 lin. long; lobes of lower lip sligntly longer and narrower, Stamens included. Style 4 lia. long. Capsule glabrous, ovoid, broadly beaked, slightly longer than the calyx.—S. corymbosa, Hiern, var. huillana, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757. Cheenostoma corymbosum, Marloth & Engl., 3 huillanum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 474, Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; by the River Maiombo, near Pedra do Rei and Pedra de Sal, Welwitsch, 5806 ! 10. S. dubia, Skan. A shortly glandular-pubescent rather straggling herb, freely branched from the thick woody base; branches 13 ft. long or more, about 1 lin. thick, ascending, herbaceous, terete, rather leafy ; internodes 14-24 in. long. Leaves cauline, opposite or the uppermost alternate, ovate or elliptic-ovate, 6-12 lin. long, 5-9 lin. broad, acute, cuneate at the base, coarsely dentate or bidentate ; petioles 3-6 lin. long. Inflorescence a short straight terminal few-flowered raceme. Bracts similar to the uppermost leaves, but smaller. Pedicels 1-2 lin. long. Beacteoles narrowly linear, shorter than the calyx. Calyx-segments linear, 2} lin. long, slightly unequal, narrowed at the apex but scarcely acute, rather thick. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube 6 lin. long, about # lin. broad, nearly cylindric, pubescent outside, colourless in the dried state; limb spreading, about 5 lin. in diam., orange-yellow, veined, rather deeply 5-lobed ; lobes suborbicular, nearly equal, 14lin. indiam. Stamens included; anthers subsessile, the lower oblong, the upper subreniform and much smaller than the lower. Style subfusiform, about 1 lin. long. Capsule narrowly ovoid, shorter than the calyx, obtuse, compressed at the apex, glabrous. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand ; Rehoboth, Schinz, 51! 11. S. lyperizeflora, Shan. A hirsute annual; stems 10in. long, branched from the base. Leaves 10 in. long, 12 lin. broad, suborbicular, nearly glabrous, irregularly crenate-dentate, ciliate, the lower cordate at the base, the upper rounded ; petioles of the lower leaves 1} in. long. Flowers in racemes; bracts similar to the leaves, decreasing in size from below upwards ; pedicels twice as long as the calyx. Sepals linear, obtuse. Corolla 74 lin. long; tube elongated, quite glabrous, slightly incurved, scarcely dilated at the throat ; limb 5 or 6 times shorter than the tube, 2-lipped. Longer pair of stamens exserted, the shorter in- cluded. Style entire, scarcely dilated at the apex. Capsule longer than the calyx, ovoid. Seeds rugulose.— Urbania lyperieflora, Vatke in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 10. Chanostoma lyperieflorum, Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 69. Wile Land. Somaliland: Ah! Mountains, 3300 ft., Hildebrandt, 863a. 12. S. tomentosa, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 283. A compact erect densely glandular-pubescent very viscid annual herb, 6—81n. high, branched from the base. Leaves 4-1 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, ovate, VOL. IV.—sEC. 2 x 306 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Sutera. dentate, usually acute, cuneate at the base, membranous, decreasing in size upwards; petioles 2-6 lin. long. Flowers axillary, solitary, race- mosely scattered from near the base to the apex of the branches; pedicels 2-1} in. long, erect-spreading, usually slightly curved, rather stout. Calyx from 24 lin. long in flower to 44 lin. long in fruit; seg- ments narrowly linear, unequal, subacute. Corolla 8-9 lin. long, minutely pubescent ; tube narrow, slightly incurved and inflated near the top; limb 4—5 lin. in diameter ; lobes 14 lin. long, 1} lin. broad. Stamens and style included. Capsule 3-4 lin. long, ovoid-oblong, minutely grandular-pubescent.—Evrinus tomentosus, Thunb. Prodr. 103 and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 476, not of Mill. Zyperia glutinosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 378, and in DC. Prodr. x. 359 ; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 254. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Otyimbingue, 2950 ft., Marloth, 1407. Also in South Africa. 13. S. heucherifolia, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757. A divaricately much branched apparently annual herb, 4-12 in. high, villous with grey glandular hairs; branches woody, straight, almost wngular. Leaves membranous, broadly ovate to suborbicular, obtuse, truncate at the base, incised-dentate, the lower 7-12 lin. long and broad, the upper much smaller; teeth shortly crenate-dentate ; petiole 51-7 lin. lorg. Flowers axillary ; pedicels 6—12 lin. long, very slender. Calyx-segments 2-24 lin. long, ? lin. broad above the middle, linear- spathulate, acute, densely villous or pubescent, unequal. Corolla white, yellowish on the tube and at the throat; tube 7-8 lin. long; limb somewhat unequal; lobes 14-2 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad. Capsule 2-24 lin. long, narrowly ovoid.—Chenostoma heucherifolium, Diels Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 475. Lower Guinea. Angola; banks of the River Bero, near Cavalheiros, Wel- witsch, 5805 ! 14. S. amplexicaulis, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii, 287. AD erect viscid pubescent or villous sparingly branched perennial, woody at least at the base; stems up to 1 ft. long, procumbent or dependent. Leaves sessile, crowded, often overlapping, 3-8 lin. long, 2—5 lin. broad, semi-amplexicaul or broad at the base, ovate or elliptic, usually serrate near the apex, somewhat acute, the lower opposite, the upper alternate. Flowers axillary, solitary, slightly longer than the leaves, very shortly stalked, forming a spike-like inflorescence 2-6 in. long. Calyx 3-4 lin. long; segments linear-lanceolate, acute, somewhat unequal. Corolla about 6 lin. long, glabrous outside ; tube 1 lin. broad at the base, slightly contracted about the middle, somewhat incurved and dilated on the posticous side at the throat; limb 24 lin. broad; lobes subequal, elliptic or obovate, about 1 lin. long. Stamens and style included. Capsule 3-34 lin. long, oblong-ovoid, slightly contracted near the apex, glabrous. Seeds subglobose, minutely rugose.—Lyperia amplexicaulis, Benth. 10 ~ Sutera. | XCI, SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 307 Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DC. Prodr. x. 358; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 254, and xix. 150. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland ; Usakos, 2950 ft. Marloth, 1225 ; border of the Namib Plain towards Kanikontes, Guerich, 141. Also in South Africa. 15. S. Maxii, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 288. An erect viscid pubescent densely leafy undershrub 4 ft. high, forming a dense bush ; internodes usually 4—6 lin. long. Leaves opposite or rarely alter- nate, sessile, 4—§ lin. long, 3-5 lin. broad, broadly ovate, entire or remotely and obscurely toothed, usually obtuse, sometimes subacute. Flowers axillary, solitary; pedicels 1 lin. long. Calyx deeply cleft, 3% lin. long, enlarging somewhat in the fruiting stage ; segments linear- oblong, obtuse, slightly unequal. Corolla white, 2-1 in. long; tube cylindric below, incurved and slightly gibbous on the upper side at the throat ; limb 4—5 lin. broad ; lobes suborbicular. Stamens included; anthers subreniform. Style included. Capsule ovoid-ellipsoid, 3~4 lin. long, obtuse, minutely emarginate, sparingly pubescent, bisulcate. Seeds globose, slightly rugose. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; in ravines of sandy hills near the fazenda “ Boa Vista” at 200 ft. Gossweiler, 60! German South-west Africa: Dammaraland ; on stouy ground near Ubib, Lindner ! Also in South Africa. 16. S. Gossweileri, Skan. A compact densely grey -pubescent almost tomentose undershrub, 2 ft. high; stem terete, sparingly leafy, blackish in the dried state; branches short. Leaves alternate (lower not seen), 5-6 lin. long, 4—5 lin. broad, suborbicular to ovate, dentate, rather thick, acute or obtuse, cuneate at the base; petiole about 2 lin. long. Flowers axillary, solitary, chiefly on the branches; pedicels 3-5 lin. long. Calyx 34-34 lin. long ; segments linear, rather fleshy, some- what unequal, subacute. Corolla yellow, 6-7 lin. long, minutely pubescent ; tube straight and cylindric below, very slightly ineurved and dilated on the posticous side above; limb 3 lin. in diam., rather deeply 5-lobed; lobes unequal, elliptic-oblong. Stamens included, Capsule 21 lin. long, oblong-ovoid, obtuse, somewhat compressed at the apex, bisulcate. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; in ravines of sandy hills near the fazenda “ Boa Vista,” 200 ft , Gossweiler, 62! 17. S. Carvalhoi, Skan. An erect branched undershrub 1} ft. high or more; stem up to 14 lin. in diam., terete, densely glandular- pubescent; branches rather short, erect-spreading. Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4-1} in. Jong, 3-7} lin. broad, acute, cuneate at the base, slightly puberulous on the nerves beneath, serrate-crenate, with the teeth numerous?nd small. Flowers in a loose terminal pyramidal raceme ; bracts similar to the leaves : pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Calyx 4—44 lin. long, rather densely glandular-pubescent ; lobes linear-lanceolate, 34-33 lin. long, about #? lin. broad, acute. Corolla-tube 84-94 lin. long, 1 lin. broad below, slightly enlarged an‘ B08 XCIT. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Sutera, curved near the apex, shortly and densely glandular-pubescent ; limb 64-8 lin. long, 5-64 lin. broad, 2-lipped ; lobes obovate-truncate, 2-2} lin. long and broad. Style 63-7? lin. long. Capsule narrowly ovoid, 34 lin. long, 13 lin. broad at the base, glandular-puberulous.—Cyenium Carvalhi, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 360. C. Carvalhoi, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii. 513. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Gorongoza, Carvalho! British Central Africa: Rhodesia; Manika, on the Inyanga Mountains, 6000-7000 ft, Evelyn- Cecil, 198! 18. S. grandiflora, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 304. An erect branched densely glandular-pubescent undershrub or small shrub, 14-4 ft. high ; ‘branches up to 1 ft. long or more, often robust, terete, leafy. Leaves mostly alternate, subfasciculate, shortly petiolate, lanceolate, oblong, ovate or obovate, }-1} in. long, 14-4 lin. broad, acute or obtuse, cuneate at the base, serrate, glandular-hispid, scabrid, prominently nerved on the underside. Flowers in terminal racemes; racemes at first rather crowded and subcorymbose, becoming 4-7 in. long ; bracts linear, 14-34 lin. long; pedicels alternate, 3-11 lin. long, glandular- pubescent. Calyx 3-43 lin. long, densely glandular-hispid; lobes linear-oblong, spathulate or sublinear, 24-44 lin, long, obtuse. Corolla deep purple or brown-yellow; tube 8-14 lin. long, $—3 lin. broad at the base, slightly dilated and curved near the top, shortly glandular- pubescent ; limb spreading, $-1} in. in diam.; lobes obovate, 3-6 lin, long, truncate, entire or emarginate. Style about 8 lin. long. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 3-4 lin. long, minutely glandular-puberulous.—Lypert4 grandiflora, Galpin in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 151. Mozamb. Dist. Transvaal: Shilouvane (Silowane), Junod, 716! The locality is a little to the south of the Tropic, but the plant probably occurs in Tropical Transvaal. 19. S. burkeana, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 299. An erect divaricately branched densely glandular-puberulous viscid shrub 2-4 ft. high, blackish in the dried state. Leaves usually fascicled, 2-3} lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad, cuneate-oblong or obovate, incised-dentate oF pinnatifid, rigid, often somewhat recurved, shortly petiolate. Racemes terminal, few-flowered ; bracts 1-1} lin. long, linear; pedicels stout, 23-5 lin. long. Calyx 23-3 lin. long; segments linear, acute, thick, nearly equal. Corolla white, 9-11 lin. long, densely glandular- puberulous outside ; tube cylindric below, slightly incurved and dilated on the upper side at the throat; limb 44 lin. broad ; lobes subequal, 1} lin. long, 13 lin. broad. Stamens included. Capsule 3-4 lin. long, narrowly ovoid, obtuse, slightly compressed at the apex, sparingly pa minutely puberulous.—Lyperia burkeana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 3615 Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. 2, 405; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467 (var.). Chenostoma burkeanum, Wettst. ex Diels 0 Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491. Mozamb Dist. British Central Africa: Matabeleland ; Buiuwayo- Rand, 371, and without precise locality, Baines! Oates! Also in South Africa, Sutera. | XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 309 According to Baines this is the Geel Bloemijies of South Tropical Africa. “Flowers in reality white, but used by the Boers for dyeing linen and staining wood yellow.” 20, S. atropurpurea, /Liern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 306. An erect or suberect slender heath-like much-branched undershrub, 1-3 ft. bigh, glandular-puberulous on nearly all its parts but especially on the branches; stem and branches wiry, terete. Leaves very small in alternate or sometimes opposite fascicles, linear-oblong or linear-cuneate, }-2 lin. long, 4-2 lin. broad, obtuse, gradually narrowed to the sessile base, entire, fleshy or coriaceous, glandular-puberulous or glabrous. Flowers in loose terminal racemes. Peduncles 3-1 in. long, minutely glandular-puberulous. Calyx-segments linear-lanceolate, 14-2 lin. long, rather thick. Corolla saffron, chocolate or reddish-brown, sparingly glandular outside ; tube 8-12 lin. long, scarcely more than } lin. broad below, slightly incurved and about 1 lin. broad at the apex; limb somewhat 2-lipped ; lobes oblong or obovate, 2-3 lin. long, } lin. broad, obtuse. Stamens included. Capsule narrowly ovoid, 3-6 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, glandular-pulverulent or glabrous.—Lyperia atropurpurea, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467. ZL. crocea, Ecklon ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 361. Chenos- toma croceum, Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii. 491. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Matabeleland; Buluwayo, Rand, 370! Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 267 ! 21. S. huillana, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i, 757. An erect undershrub covered with sessile or stalked glands ; stem 8-16 in. high, rigid, rather thick ; branches several, 11-1? in. long. Leaves fascicu- late, petiolate or subsessile, cuneate, coriaceous; blade 2-6 lin. long, 1}-3 lin. broad towards the apex, dentate at the apex; petioles Scarcely 34 lin, long. Floral leaves subentire, 2 or 3 times shorter than the peduncles. Flowers in a loose terminal raceme; pedicels 3-8 in. long, becoming 1 in. long in fruit. Calyx-segments narrowly lanceolate, 14-2 lin, long, rather obtuse. Corolla brilliantly purple-red ; tube 8-12 lin. long, slender, 4 lin. broad below, about 1 lin. broad at the apex, thinly covered with very shortly stalked glands; limb slightly 2- lipped, 4-5 lin. in diam.; lobes obovate, 14-2} lin. long, 1}-2 lin. broad, emarginate or obcordate, covered with sessile glands on the back. Stamens included. Capsule 24-3 lin. long, 1} lin. broad.—Chenostoma huillanum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 477. Lower Guinea. Angola: between Mumpulla and Arroiol do Caionda, Wel- witsch, 5834! Huilla, Antunes, 117. Iinperfectly known species. 22. Lyperia pedicellata, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 223. An erect unbranched lepidote-puberulous herb 5 in. high. Stem terete. Leaves 8 lin. long, 3 lin, broad, subpinnately lobed or incised, membranous, the lower leaves opposite, the upper alternate and smaller ; Segments short, linear, obtuse. Flowers axillary ; pedicels 5-6 lin. 310 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Sutera. long, filiform. Calyx-segments | lin. long, linear, subacute, connivent. Corolla 2 lin. long, ringent, lepidote; limb subbilabiate; lobes short, entire, obtuse. Stamens and style included. Capsule with scattered very minute whitish scales.—Chenostoma pedicellatum, Engl. in Eng). Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 356. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Rios de Sena; banks of the Zambesi, Peters. 23. Cheenostoma lyperioides, Angi. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 258. Minutely and densely glandular-pilose. Branches spreading, 8-12 in. long; internodes 3-1} in. long. Leaves 74-10 lin. long and broad, ovate, triangular at the base, coarsely serrate, sometimes biserrate ; lateral nerves 2 or 3 on each side, immersed above, prominent below; petiole 3-5 lin. long. Inflorescence a many-flowered raceme, 2-6 in. long; bracts lanceolate or the uppermost linear; pedicels 74-12 lin. long, densely pilose. Calyx densely pilose; segments 24-3 lin. long, narrowly linear, acute. Corolla orange-yellow; tube 74 lin. long, slightly curved ; lobes oblong, 24 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad. Capsule oblong, 2 lin. long, 14 lin. in diam., acute. Seeds very minute, ovoid, concave on one side. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Mount Kaiser Wilhelm, near Okahandya, 4600 ft., Marloth, 1351. 18. MIMULUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 946. Calyx tubular, more rarely campanulate, 5-angled, 5-toothed or more rarely 5-fid. Corolla-tube cylindric, sometimes rather broad or ventricose, sometimes elongated and slender, equal or somewhat enlarged at the throat; posticous lip outside, 2-lobed, erect, reflexed at the sides, or spreading and flat ; anticous lip spreading, 3-lobed, bigibbose at the base and prominent almost closing the throat, or concave ; lobes rounded, subequal. Stamens 4, didynamous, affixed near the base of the corolla-tube, included or exserted under the posticous lip ; filaments filiform; anthers glabrous or pilose on the back; cells divergent oF divaricate, distinct or confluent at the apex. Style filiform, bilamellate at the apex. Capsule oblong or linear, dehiscence loculicidal ; valves entire, rarely bifid. Decumbent or erect, glabrous or pilose, sometimes viscid herbs, more rarely undershrubs. Leaves opposite, entire OF dentate. Flowers axillary, solitary or racemose; pedicels ebracteate. Corolla usually showy. Species about 90, in extratropical and mountainous regions of America, Asia, Australia and Africa ; numerous in Western North America. 1. M. gracilis, 2. Br. Prodr, 439. A glabrous perennial, 3-1} ft. high; stem usually erect, stout, simple or branched from the rg quadrangular, very narrowly 4-winged. Leaves 3-2 in. long, 2-9 (usually 24) lin. broad, decreasing in size in the upper part of the stem lanceolate to narrowly oblong, obtuse, subacute or sometimes almost » Mimulus. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 311 acuminate, usually amplexicaul, entire and slightly repand or 1emotely denticulate. Flowers solitary, axillary, forming rather leafy loose racemes; pedicels #—-1 in. long, up to 1# in. long in the fruiting stage, suberect, Calyx 34-4 lin. long, 5-angled; teeth broad at the base, 1-1} lin. long, unequal, subacuminate, keeled. Corolla about 7 lin. long, whitish, whitish-violet or white-rosy (Welwitsch), tubular, very unequally bilabiate; upper lip short, emarginate; lower lip broadly 3-lobed. Capsule very slightly shorter than the calyx, obovoid.— Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 369 and 594; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 259; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 758, and in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 354; 8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467. MJ. angustifolius, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 119. M. strictus, Benth. in Wall. Cat. n. 3918, and Scroph. Ind. 28. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Sana; Bahara District, Schimper, 1629! Begemeder, Schimper, 1135! Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; banks of the River Luxillo, Welwitsch, 5874! West Luxillo River, Welwitsch, 5855! Mossamedes; vear the River Bero, Welwitsch, 5807, 5808. Huilla; by the Lopollo stream, Welwitsch, 5796! Malange, Gossweiler, 1087! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; near Expedition Island, Kirk! British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 143! Zomba and east end of Lake Shirwa, Meller! Matabeleland; Bulawayo, Rand, 156, 368, 506, Gardner, 70! Also in South Africa, China, India and Australia. 19, LINDENBERGIA, Lehm.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 948. Calyx campanulate, 5-fid. Corolla bilabiate ; tube cylindric; posti- cous lip inside, short, broad, emarginate or 2-lobed, erect-spreading ; anticous lip larger, 3-lobed, spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, in- cluded ; filaments filiform ; anther-cells distinct, separated, stipitate, all bearing pollen. Style filiform, subclavate at the apex. Capsule oblong or ovoid, bisuleate, dehiscence loculicidal; valves entire Seeds many, minute, semi-immersed in the fleshy placentas.—Annual or perennial herbs, hard at the base, rarely undershrubs, decumbent or ascending, villous or more rarely glabrescent. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, dentate. Flowers subsessile, solitary in the axils of the leaves or in terminal spikes or racemes; bracts foliaceous ; bracteoles 0. Species 14, in North-east Africa, Arabia, India, Malaya and China. Annual; corolla glabrous . . 1. L. nigrescens. Perennial; corolla pubescent. Leaves 23-4 lin. long, denticulate, the lower scarcely os larger than the upper; corolla 45-5} lin. long 2. L. scutellarioides. Leaves up to 2} in. long, coarsely toothed, the lower larger than the upper; corolla 7-8 lin. long. Lower leaves broadly ovate or suborbicular-ovate. Leaves up to about 7 lin. long, the uppermost ao shorter than the calyx ; calyx 14-2 lin.long 3. Z. sinaica. 3 12 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Zindenbergia. Leaves up to 2? in. long, the uppermost usually longer than the calyx; calyx 3-4 lin. long . , : : : 4, L. abyssinica. Lower leaves oblong-lanceolate De i virens. 1. L. nigrescens, Vatke in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 10. A slender annual herb 6 in. high, branched from the base, drying black, having glandular hairs mixed with a dense indumentum. Leaves 10 lin. long, suborbicular-ovate, acute, dentate; upper floral leaves longer than the calyx; petiole 5 lin. long. Raceme many-flowered ; flowers opposite, secund. Calyxrather glabrous. Corolla 3 times longer than the calyx, glabrous. Capsule somewhat villous.—Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 306, mn note. Wile Land. Sowaliland; Ahl Mountains at Yatir, 6500 ft., Hildebrandt, 863 C. 2. L. scutellarioides, Aschers. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 241. An erect branched undershrub 12-14 in. high, subglabrate below, else- where covered with a dense canescent pubescence with which are sparingly mixed longer glandular hairs. Leaves 24-4 lin. long and broad, the uppermost only slightly smaller than the lower, ovate to suborbicular, rounded at the base, acute, denticulate, very shortly petiolate. Flowers axillary; peduncles 3-3 lin. long. Calyx 1} lin. long, shorter than the leaves except in a few of the uppermost flowers; teeth 4 lin. long. Corolla 43-54 lin. long. Capsule longer than the ee shortly pubescent.—Hemiorchis habessinica, Ehrenb. ex AS chers. |.c. Nile Land. Eritrea: Dahlac Island near Massowa, Ehrenberg ! 3. L. sinaica, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 22. A divaricately much branched densely glandular-pilose undershrub; branches up to about 1 ft. long. Lower leaves suborbicular-ovate or ovate, 3—7 lin. long and broad, usually shortly petiolate, coarsely crenate-dentate, acute OF obtuse, rounded or cuneate at the base; uppermost leaves sessile, smaller, shorter than the calyx. Flowers opposite in loose secund racemes 6-12 in. long; pedicels }-1} lin. long. Calyx 14-2 lin. long; densely glandular pilose ; teeth ovate or ovate-elliptic, unequal, 3-3 lin. long, acute. Corolla 7-8 lin. long. Capsule oblong, slightly longer than the calyx, glandular-pilose above.—DC. Prodr. x. 3773; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 425; Almagid in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 139. Bovea sinared, Decaisne in Aun. Sci. Nat. 2™° sér., ii. 253. Nile Land. Red Sea: Harnish Island, Slade, 12! Eritrea: various localities, Terracciano S Pappi. Also in Egypt, Arabia and Socotra. 4, L. abyssinica, Hochst. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 377. A & varicately branched glandular-pubescent or pilose perennial herb or undershrub. Leaves 3-2 in. long, 4-1? in. broad in the lower part of the branches, gradually decreasing in size in the upper part, the uppermost Lindenbergia.] XCI1. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 313 usually longer than the calyx, usually broadly ovate, often cuneate, sometimes rounded, truncate or slightly cordate at the base, coarsely crenate-dentate or acutely dentate, petiolate to subsessile. Flowers opposite in leafy terminal secund racemes; pedicels }—1} lin. long. Calyx 3-4 lin. long; teeth broadly lanceolate or ovate, }-14 lin. long, shortly acuminate. Corolla 7-8 lin. long. Capsule slightly longer than the calyx, pubescent.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 120; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 262. L. sinaica, Vatke in Linnea, xliii, 306, not of Benth. ZL. sinaica, Benth., var. abyssinica, Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 140. Nile Land. Nubia: Hor Tamanib, near Suakin, 500-600 ft., Lord! Wadi O-Mareg, Schweinfurth, 427! coast region, Bent! Eritrea: Dogali and near Saati, Schweinfurth § Riva, 257! 360! and various localities, Terracciano § Pappi. Abyssinia : near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1619! and without precise locality, Schimper, 782! Somaliland: Abl and Serut Mountains, near Maid, 3300-5900 ft., Hildebrandt, 1406! and without precise locality, Mrs. Lort Phillips ! Also in North-western India. Ad Pirotte, Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 140, from Dahlac Island, Eritrea, I have not seen. We can find nothing in the description by which to dis- tinguish it satisfactorily from L. abyssinica. ». L. virens, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 306. A shortly glandular- villous perennial (?) herb; stem branched in the upper part; branches ascending. Leaves petiolate, crenate-dentate except at the base; lower leaves up to 2? in. long, about 2 in. broad, oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at the base ; uppermost leaves smaller, suborbicular, contracted into a petiole ; petiole 24-7} lin. long. Flowers in pairs, forming a leafy raceme ; pedicels about 14 lin. long. Calyx 34 lin. long, often shorter than the floral leaves. Corolla 8 lin. long. Nile Land. Eritrea: Buri, near Massowa, Hildebrandt, 741 A. In Vatke’s description we can find nothing to separate this species from L. abyssinica except the oblong-lanceolate lower leaves. 20. STEMODIA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 950. Calyx 5-partite; segments narrow, imbricate, equal or subequal. Corolla-tube cylindric; upper outside lip suberect, broad, entire or emarginate; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, not plicate at the base. Stamens 4, didynamous, included ; filaments filiform ; anther-cells dis- tinct, stipitate, all bearing pollen. Style dilated at the apex, usually 2-lobed. Capsule globose, ovoid or acuminate ; dehiscence usually loculi- cidal, sometimes septicidal ; valves 2, bifid, or 4. Seeds many, small, striate and usually reticulate.—Glandular-pubescent or villous, often aromatic herbs, or sometimes undershrubs. Leaves opposite or verti- cillate. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves or the upper in a crowded leafy spike ; pedicels 1- or 2-bracteolate. Corolla bluish. Species about 30, the others in South America, Tropical Asia and Australia. 314 XCII, SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). _ [Stemodia. 1. S. serrata, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 381. An erect much branched viscid glandular-pubescent herb, 6 in. to 1 ft. high. Leaves rather crowded, up to 2 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, oblong or lanceolate, acute, narrowed at the base or sometimes dilated and semi-amplexicaul, serrate from the middle to the apex. Flowers crowded, forming leafy spike-like racemes; peduncles }—1 lin. long ; bracts 2, 14-14 lin. long, narrow-linear, inserted near the calyx. Calyx 2? lin. long; segments subulate-linear, acuminate. Corolla about 3 lin. long; upper lip emar- ginate ; lower lip broadly and very shortly 3-lobed. Capsule as long as the calyx, narrow-oblong, acuminate, glabrous, 4-furrowed.—Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 265. Sutera serrata, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, i. Intell. 43, name only. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Leprieur! Senegal, Roger! Wile Land. Kordofan: Mount Kohn, Kotschy, 226! Mount Arashkol, Kotschy, 199! Upper Sennar: Fazokel, Kotschy, 521! White Nile, at Els-Ehs, Schweinfurth, 979! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Meny- harth, 1070! Also in India. Imperfectly known species. 2. S. senegalensis, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. iii. 107, without description. 21. STEMODIOPSIS, Engl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 25. Calyx 5-partite ; segments linear-lanceolate, very acute. Corolla-tube subcampanulate, not spurred nor saccate at the base; limb 2-lipped ; upper lip outside, concave, semiorbicular or broadly ovate, very shortly 2-lobed ; lower lip rather larger than the upper, shortly 3-lobed, having (at least in S. Buchanani) a prominent palate. Perfect stamens 4, didynamous, included and covered by the upper lip of the corolla ; filaments of the longer stamens twisted in the middle or merely curved ; anthers 2-celled ; cells ovoid, equal, confluent at the apex, diverging at a right angle or almost divaricate, dehiscing longitudinally ; staminode filiform, sometimes minute or quite wanting. Ovary elongate-conical, 2-celled, as long as or nearly as long as the calyx, attenvated into ® slender style ; ovules numerous in each cell. Capsule septicidal, ellipsoid-conical, sharply beaked, turned downwards; valves 2, coherent or connivent at the apex after dehiscence.—Herbs, sometimes almost subshrubby, with many rather densely leafy branches. Leaves opposite, petiolate, spathulate or ovate, dentate. Flowers very small, axillary, solitary or sometimes in 3-flowered cymes; pedicels minutely bibracteolate. Species 3, endemic. Leaves spathulate ; petiole 1-13 lin. iong; pedicels nearly as long as the leaves . : : : . 1. S. Rive. Stemodiopsis.] XCIi. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 315 Leaves ovate; petiole 3-18 lin. long; pedicels very much shorter than the leaves, Plant very sparingly pubescent or almost glabrous; corolla 2-24 lin. long : : : : - 2, S. Buchanani, Plant densely pubescent; corolla 4 lin, long. . 8. 8S. humilis, 1. S. Rivee, Hnyl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 25, Subshrubby ; stems curved-ascending, very much branched, densely and shortly cinereous-pilose on the younger parts and on the petioles, at length glabrescent ; primary branches 6-10 in. long, the secondary and tertiary shorter. Leaves sputhulate ; blade 14-24 lin. long and broad, few- toothed in the upper part, very shortly and sparsely pilose on both sides, narrowed at the base into a slender petiole 1-14 lin. long. Flowers solitary ; pedicels nearly as long as the leaves; bracteoles subulate, } lin. long. Calyx shortly and sparsely pilose; segments 1}-1} lin. long. Corolla very minutely pilose; tube 2} lin. long; upper lip about 1 lin. long; lobes of the lower lip ? lin. long. Fila- ments of the longer stamens about i} lin. long, of the shorter ; lin. long; anther-cells } lin. long; staminode 3 lin. long. Ovary ellipsoid- conical, about 14 lin. long —Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 497, t. 7, figs. A-F. Nile Land. Somaliland: Galla Territory; Mount Robé, near the source of the River Daua, Riva, 162. 2. S. Buchanani, Shan. A perennial herb about 6 in. high, furnished chiefly on the leaves with a few weak scattered hairs and somewhat pulverulent or almost glabrous; stem procumbent, sometimes rooting, rather woody, about 1 lin. thick, subterete, very much branched : branches very weak and slender, ascending, angular, 3-6 in. long; internodes 3-14 lin. long. Leaves ovate; blade 3-16 lin. long, 2-8 lin. broad, acute, more or less cuneate at the base, very thin, dentate ; teeth, usually 5 each side, rather coarse in the larger leaves ; petiole 3-18 lin. long, narrowly 3-winged, Flowers solitary or sometimes in 3-flowered cymes ; pedicels filiform, {-14 lin. long, ascending in flower, sharply decurved in fruit; bracteoles very narrowly linear, }—% lin. long. Calyx-segments narrowly linear-triangular, slightly unequal, 1}-1} lin. long, }-4 lin. broad at the base. Corolla 2~2} lin. long ; tube 14-1} lin. long, about 2 lin. broad at the base, slightly enlarged upwards : upper lip broadly ovate, about ? lin. long and 1 lin. broad at the base; lobes minute, rounded or somewhat triangular ; lower lip broadly obovate or suborbicular, about % lin, long, ?~14 lin. broad ; lobes minute, rounded ; palate pubescent. Filaments of the longer stamens about 1 lin. long, of the shorter about } lin. long; staminode about $ lin. long, inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, sometimes absent. Style scarcely 1 lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid-conical, 2}~-3 lin. long, rather abruptly beaked, 2-furrowed, turned downwards; beak i-1} lin. long. Seeds cylindric, 4-2 lin. long, nearly } lin. thick, whitish, very slightly several-furrowed. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland, Buchanan, 365! = ! I have not seen a specimen of S. Rive, the type of Stemodiopsis, but, judging 316 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Stemodiopsis. from the description and figure of this species I. have little doubt that Buchanan’s specimens belong to the same genus, notwithstanding the presence of a distinct palate in the corolla which Engler does not mention at all. The stamens appear to be the same except that the longer filameuts in S. Buchanani are merely curved, not twisted. Buchanan’s 1220 differs from his 365 in several respects. The former has much larger almost quite glabrous leaves, longer petioles, flowers often 3 together, longer and narrower calyx-segments and longer capsules. This specimen appears as if it had grown in wet places and the other in dry stony soil. 3. S. humilis, Skan. A perennial herb branched from the base, the whole plant so far as known less than 14 in. high, densely covered with short stiff whitish hairs; branches ascending or spreading, slender, $-llin. long. Leaves ovate ; blade 3-4 lin. long, 13-3} lin. broad, acute, cuneate at the base, serrate; teeth 3 or 4 each side, rather coarse ; petiole 24-3 lin. long, slender, triangular. Flowers solitary ; pedicels filiform, 12 lin. long ; bracteoles setaceous, scarcely } lin. long. Calyx-segments narrowly linear-triangular, slightly unequal, 14-14 lin. long, about } lin. broad at the base, densely covered with rather short stiff spreading hairs. Corolla 4 lin. long; tube 2} lin. long, } lin. broad at the base, enlarged upwards; upper lip deltoid-ovate, about 14 lin. long, 1% lin. broad at the base, shortly 2-lobed, slightly fimbriate ; lower lip 1} lin. long and broad, very shortly 3-lobed, shortly pubescent inside, Filaments of the longer stamens about 1% lin. long, curved at the base, of the shorter about 1 lin. long; staminode filiform, 3 lin. long. Style 1? lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid-conical, about 3 lin. long, rather abruptly beaked, 2-furrowed, turned downwards, very sparingly beset with short stiff hairs. Seeds as in S. Buchanani. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; near Mount Chiradzulu, Cameron, 182 ! : Very near S. Buchanani, but it is much more pubescent and the flowers are about as large again. The striking difference in the size of the plants of the two species is probably accidental. 22, LIMNOPHILA, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 950. Calyx 5-partite; segments narrow, imbricate, subequal or the posticous larger. Corolla-tube cylindric ; upper outside lip suberect, broad, entire or shortly bifid; lower lip spreading, 3-tid, not plicate at the base, Stamens 4, didynamous, included ; filaments filiform ; anther- cells separate and usually stipitate, more rarely subcontiguous. Style deflexed at the apex with two short stigmatose Jamelle. Capsule broadly ovate or oblong, usually obtuse, dehiscence septicidal and loculicidal ; valves 4. Seeds many, small, striate, reticulate. —Glabrous or slightly pubescent herbs, often aromatic and having pellucid dots, usually growing in marshy places. Leaves opposite or verticillate, den- tate or incised or the submerged leaves divided into capillary segments. Flowers axillary, solitary, pedicellate, the upper often forming a termina raceme ; bracts small, linear, inserted under the calyx.—Ambulia, Lam. Encyel. i. 128. Limnophila.] XC. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 317 Species about 30. chiefly in the warmer parts of Asia, Australia and Africa. Leaves opposite (rarely the lower verticillate). Plant up to 18 in. high ; leaves elliptic-ovate . - oh. 2. Barter. Plant 1-2 in. high ; leaves lanceolate or sublinear . 2. ZL. tenera, Leaves verticillate (the uppermost sometimes opposite). Flowers sessile or subsessile. Flowers axillary, rather distant. Leaves with capillary segments ; bracts longer than the calyx . : : 3. L. ceratophylloides. Leaves with narrowly linear segments; bracts shorter than the calyx : c . . 4 £. sessiliflora, Flowers rather crowded in short terminal spikes . 5. L. dasyantha, Flowers distinctly stalked ; : - : . 6. ZL. gratioloides. 1. L. Barteri, Shan. A gland-dotted herb, everywhere densely pilose or glabrescent below. Stems ascending, 9-18 in. high, sparingly branched. Leaves opposite (rarely in whorls of about 10 near the base, pinnatifid), 4-8 lin. long, 2-44 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, serrulate, Semiamplexicaul, obtuse or subacute. Flowers sessile or subsessile, axillary, sometimes forming terminal or short lateral distant-flowered spikes ; bracteoles 2, inserted on the base of the calyx, 15 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, scarcely acute, pilose. Calyx 14-14 lin. long, pilose and sprinkled with yellowish glands ; segments unequal, subacuminate or subacute. Corolla apparently yellow, 14-1} lin. long; tube 3 Jin. broad. Anther-cells subcontiguous at the base. Style 1 lin: long. Capsule 13 lin. long, broadly ovoid, obtuse, glibrous, bisulcate. Seeds globose-ellipsoid, very minutely tuberculate. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Lomaburu, Scott-Elliot, 5032! Southern Nigeria ?, Barter, 751 ! 2. L. tenera, Skan. A nearly glabrous erect cespitose apparently annual herb 1-2 in. high; stems numerous i branches spreading. Leaves opposite, 1-4 lin. long, lanceolate or sublinear, scarcely acute or subapiculats, entire, sessile, semiamplexicaul. Flowers axillary and terminal or quasi-terminal, mostly alternate, solitary, about iz lin. long ; pedicels 13-3 lin, long; bracteoles 1-14 lin. long, subulate. Calyx 15— 1} lin. long, 5-partite; segments subulate, erect or at length reflexed. Corolla whitish to pale blue, slightly glandular-puberulous outside, somewhat pilose about the throat inside. Capsule # lin. long. Seeds netted-areolar, irregularly ovoid.—Stemodiacra tenera, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 759. Stemodia tenera, K. Schum. in Just, Jahresber. Xxvi. i. 395. Ambulia tenera, Engl. & Gilg in Warb. Kunene-Samb. Exped. 362, in note. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; swampy places at Lake Qui- binda, Welwitsch, 1241 ! 3. L. ceratophylloides, Skan. “ : . 12. L. bifolia. Perennial; corolla 44 lin. long. . - 18. L. abyssinica. +} Leaves narrow. Plant erect, unbranched or sparingly branched. Pedicels about as long as the bracts . . 14. L. wens. Pedicels 2 or 3 times as long as the bracts 15. L. Stuhlmannit. Plant prostrate, much branched. F . 16. L. debilis. 1. L. diffusa, Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 80. A pubescent diffusely branched procumbent annual herb, the branches sometimes rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves very shortly petiolate or sessile, ovate-suborbicular, usually 6-7 lin. long, obtuse, rounded or somewhat cuneate at the base, crenate-serrate. Flowers solitary in the axils of all the upper leaves; peduncles scarcely 1 lin. long. Calyx 3-31 lin. long, sparingly and minutely pubescent ; teeth subulate, 2}-1z lin. long, unequal, the posticous longest. Corolla white or flesh-coloured, 31 lin. long; tube hairy inside from the base of the lower lip to half- way down. Anticous filaments with obovate or oblong very obtuse appendages. Capsule narrowly oblong, 4~—7 lin. long, beaked.—Hiern in Cat, Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 763; Engl. in Schlechter, Westatrik. Kautsch.- Exped, 313. Vandellia diffusa, Linn. Mant.i. 89; Benth in DC. Prodr. x. 416; Durand & Schinz, Etudes F]. Congo, i. 210; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i, fase. 2. 45, and Relig. Dewevr. 170. Pyxidarta diffusa, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 464. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Regent, Scott-Elliot, 4013! Sugarloaf Mountain, Welwitsch, 5924! and without precise locality, Morson ! Liberia: Kaka Town, Whyte! Gold Coast: Begoro,-Johnson, 696! Lagos: between Ibadan and Abeokuta, Schlechter, 12341! Southern Nigeria : Onitsa, Barter, 1766! Cameroons: Bipinde, Zenker, 1081! Batanga, Bates, 2! and without precise locality, Preuss, 1184! Fernando Po, Mann, 1441! . : Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyauz, 338! South Central. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Hens, 322! Kinchassa, Luja, and near Leopoldville, Dewevre, 525 ! Also in Madag:scar and Trop‘cal America. Var. pedunculata, Skan. Peduncles 2-5 lin. long.—Vandellia diffusa, var- B pedunculata, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 416. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Vogel, 111! Barter! Lindernia.| — XCII, SCROPHULARIACE% (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 339 . 2. L. brevidens,. Skan. Closely resembles Z. diffusa in habit and foliage, but it is almost glabrous, and has longer peduncles and shorter calyx-teeth, Flowers axillary, solitary ; peduncles 44 lin. long. Calyx 24 lin. long, 5-ribbed, the posticous and lateral ribs very narrowly winged ; teeth 3-2 lin. long, somewhat unequal, ovate, acute. Corolla 4lin.long. Anticous filaments gibbous at the base. Capsule narrowly oblong, 6 lin. long, acuminate. Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Buchwald, 295 ! 3. L. stictantha, Skan. A slender annual herb, prostrate or prostrate-ascending, subglabrous or minutely glandular-puberulous ; stems }—1 ft. long, sparingly branched. Leaves ovate, }-1 in. long, 3-8 lin. broad, acute, slightly cuneate at the base, serrulate, rather fleshy ; petiole 1-2 lin. long. Flowers axillary, solitary, alternate ; peduncles 4-6 lin. long. Calyx 3-4 lin. long, 5-ribbed, unequally 5-toothed, hispidly pubescent on the ribs and hyaline between them; teeth lanceolate-subulate, 1}-2 lin. long. Corolla about 3 lin. long, white, with scattered dark-purple dots; upper lip undivided, straight, rounded at the apex, fringed ; lower lip trifid, with spreading lobes. Anticous filaments gibbous near the base. Capsule linear-oblong, 5-7 lin. long, acute.—TJlysanthes stictantha, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 765. Lower Guinea. Ancola: Golungo Alto; by the River Cuango, near Arimo do Isidro, Welwitsch, 5905! and in Sobato da Queta, Welwitsch, 5906 ! 4. L. senegalensis, Skan. A subglabrous branched ascending herb apparently 6-12 in. high; stems quadrangular; internodes 1}-2 in. long. Leaves ovate-elliptic or oblong, 3-1} in. long, 4~7 lin. broad, serrate, minutely ciliate, 3-nerved, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a very short petiole. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles 5-7 lin. long, elongating in the fruiting stage. Calyx 34~33 lin. long; teeth subulate, 1-1 } lin. long, unequal, the posticous longest, minutely ciliate. Corolla 4} lin. long ; upper lip bifid. Anticous filaments with oblong obtuse hairy appendages. Capsule 6-8 lin. long, linear, acuminate.— Vandellia senegalensis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 416, partly. Pyxidaria senegalensis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 465. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 804! Senegal, Leprieur / Perrottet, 586! Sierra Leone, Don! Barter ! Bentham quotes under this species some specimens collected by Vogel on the Nun River, Niger Territory. These, however, be'ong to a distinct species, having quite a different habit and ovate-orbicular leaves only 5-7 lin. long. Bentham ives the length of the leaves as 1-1} in., which applies to Heudelot’s specimen, so sty retained his specific name for this, and have called the other species L. ogelit. 5. L. Vogelii, Skan. A slender glabrous herb with procumbent Sparingly branched stems 6-9 in. long. Leaves very shortly petiolate, coriaceous, ovate or ovate-orbicular, 5-7 lin. long, 4-6 lin. broad, crenate-serrate, obtuse, slightly cuneate at the base. Flowers axillary, solitary ; peduncles 3-5 lin. long. Calyx 34 lin. long; teeth subulate, 340 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Lindernia. 1-1} lin. long, unequal, the posticous longest. Corolla 4 lin. long, white, tinted with red on the upper lip; tube hairy inside from the base of the lower lip to half-way down. Anticous filaments with oblong curved obtuse appendages. Capsule linear, 8-10 lin. long, acuminate. —Vandellia senegalensis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 416, partly. Upper Guinea. Southern Nigeria: Nun River, Vogel! wet sands by the Brass River, Barter, 27 ! 6. L. lobelioides, Hngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 357. An erect or ascending herb }—1 ft. high, glabrous except a few minute hairs on the calyx-teeth and margins of the younger leaves ; stem simple or branched at the base. Leaves linear, entire, 1 in. long, 14 lin. broad, acute, the lower sometimes purplish on the underside, the upper unequal in the same pair; floral leaves snorter. Flowers axillary, solitary ; peduncles 3-1} in. (rarely }-} in.) long, suberect at the time of flowering. Calyx 2-3 lin. long, 5-fid; teeth acute, 1-1} lin. long. Corolla 44-5} lin. long, blue; upper lip broadly oblong, subtruncate ; lower lip 3-lobed; lobes rounded. Anticous filaments obtusely tuberculate at the base, suddenly curved. Capsule (unripe) linear-oblong, acute or acuminate, 5 lin. long.—Vandellia lobelioides, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 120, t. 121 B. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre, Schimper, 1222! Jur: Jur Ewet, Schwein- furth, 1769! Bongo: by the Lesi River, Schweinfurth, 4010! and without precise locality, Petherick ! Uganda : Madi, Speke & Grant! Elgon district, James! Mozamb. Dist. (ierman East Africa: Unyamwezi; Msalala, Hannington! Lower Plateau, North of Lake Nyasa, Thomson ! Nyasaland : North Nyasaland and Upper Loangwa River, near Fort Young, Nicholson! Shibisa to Tshinmuze, 2000-4000 ft., Kirk! Namasi, Cameron, 4! 7. L. Newtonii, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 503, t. 9, figs. M—N- A small herb; stem creeping and rooting in the lower part, then as- cending ; internodes 24-3 lin. long. Leaves linear, 3-3} lin. long, Z lin. broad, obtuse. Flowers solitary, terminal; peduncles about 73 lin. long. Calyx elongate-turbinate, 3 lin. long; teeth narrowly triangular, 1 lin. long. Corolla 4-5 lin. long; tube funnel-shaped, 2}-3 lin. long ; upper lip oblong, 14-2 lin. long; lower lip about 3 lin. long ; lobes obovate. Stamens exserted ; anticous filaments thickened and geniculate at the base. Lower Guinea. Angola: Humpata; in damp places on the banks of the Rio Nive, Newton, 252. se 8. L. Whytei, Skan. Stems apparently ascending, simple or branched, quadrangular, about 1 ft. long, sparingly leafy, glabrous. Leaves sessile, in distant pairs, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-7 lin. long, 24-3} lin. broad, acute or acuminate, dentate, rather thick, glabrous or minutely ciliate and sometimes with a few hairs on the nerves beneath. Flowers distant, in a terminal raceme ; bracts passing from ovate below to subulate above, the upper shorter than the pedicels ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long. Calyx 3-4 lin. long, 5-ribbed, trans- to Lindernia.|] XCII. SCROPHULARIACE4 (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 341 parent between the ribs, glabrous or ciliate on the teeth and ribs; teeth spreading, linear, 2~2} lin. long, acuminate, keeled. Corolla blue with delicate pellucid veins, 5—6 lin. long; tube funnel-shaped, 44 lin. long ; upper lip 2 lin. long, ovate, emarginate, ciliate, sparingly pubescent outside; lower lip 4 lin. long, 34 lin. broad, deeply 3-lobed, with a few long hairs at the base; lateral lobes oblong; median lobe elliptic. Anticous stamens exserted; appendages subclavate, curved, short, yellow, minutely tuberculate; anthers pale blue. Capsule (unripe) narrowly oblong, acute, as long as the calyx. Nile Land. Uganda: Nandi, near water, Scott-Elliot, 7225! first and second days’ march from Mumyas, Whyte ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Msalala, Hannington ! In the British Museum there is a fragmentary specimen collected by Gossweiler at Malange, Angola, which very closely resembles L. Whytei, and may prove to be the same species. It has, however, a shorter calyx-tube, longer teeth, and a smaller golden-yellow corolla with narrower tube scarcely longer than the calyx. 9. L. nummulariezfolia, Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, Planzenfam. iv.3B.79, An erect annual herb 2-4 in. high, usually with short Spreading hairs on the stem and branches, on the margins and on the nerves of the underside of the leaves; stem simple or branched from the base upwards ; branches straight, ascending, the lower longer than the upper. Leaves subsessile, ovate or suborbicular, 4—8 lin. long, 4-7 lin. bread, serrate or crenate-serrate. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves or sometimes in few-flowered subumbellate axillary racemes ; peduncles 4—7 lin. long. Calyx sparingly pubescent, 1} lin. long; teeth somewhat unequal, 4-4 lin. long, broad, acute. _ Corolla pale blue variegated with yellow, or purple (Welwitsch), 2} lin. long ; tube densely hairy inside from the base of the lower lip to half-way down ; upper lip entire, oblong, 14 lin. long, minutely ciliate; lobes of lower lip rounded, about 2 lin, in diam. Anticous filaments bent and dilated at the base. Capsule 2}-3 lin. long, ovoid-oblong, shortly beaked.— Engl. Pi. Ost-Afr. C. 357; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 763. Vandellia nummularifolia, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. 86; Benth, in DC. Prodr. x. 416 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 282. Pyxidaria nummulari- folia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 464. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Buea, Preuss ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo: near Cabondo and Catete, Welwitsch, 5872! 5873! Also in Northern India and Western China. : Var. sessiliflora, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 763. Flowers usually sessile or subsessile,—Z, sessiliflora, Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, PHanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 795 Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 357. L.? montana, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i, 764. Vandellia sessiliflora, Beuth. Scroph, Ind. 37, and in DC. Prodr. x. 416; Howok. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv, 282, Mitranthus latifolius, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 103. J. triflorus, Hochst. in A. Rich. Tent, Fl. Abyss. ii: 120. Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo; Welwitsch, 5878 ! Huilla; Morro de Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5787 ! 342 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). — [Lindernia. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Tacazze Valley, near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1728 ! Iozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 5600 ft. “olkens, 2328! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Also in Northern India. In Whyte’s specimen the capsules are sessile or on peduncles up to 3 in. long. 10. L. rupestris, Zngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 402. An annual herb with fibrous roots; stem 24-4 in. long, simple or sparingly branched, slenderly white-pilose chiefly on the angles ; internodes 5-7} lin. long. Leaves sessile, ovate, white-pilose on the nerves beneath, 3- or 4-toothed on each side, 3-5-nerved, middle ones about 5-6 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, the lower and upper somewhat smaller. Flowers 3-5, crowded at the apex of the stem; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2} lin. long ; bracteoles narrowly linear, acute. Calyx-teeth linear-lanceolate, 2} lin. long, } lin. broad, acute, white-pilose on the margins. Corolla- tube funnel-shaped, 14 lin. long; upper lip broadly obcordate, blue, 1} lin. long; lower lip white with yellow spots, 2 lin. long; lateral lobes somewhat smaller than the anticous. Anticous filaments curved and gibbous at the base. Mozamh. Dist. German East Africa: Eastern Livingstone Mountains; Ubena, in the Tsansingewe district, 6900 ft., Goetze, 811. 11. L. insularis, Skan. An annual herb 2-5 in. high; stem erect or erect-spreading, usually more or less crooked, simple or usually few-branched, sharply quadrangular, slightly twisted, minutely glan- dular-pubescent, leafy ; branches opposite or alternate, 13—3} in. long, erect-spreading, often crooked; internodes 4-15 lin. long. Leaves opposite, sessile, broadly ovate or the lowermost pair shortly oblong, very thin, somewhat acute, obtuse or rounded, rounded at the base, minutely and very sparingly glandular-pubescent, toothed ; lowermost leaves 9-12 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad; upper 4-6 lin. long, 3-6 lin. broad, becoming gradually smaller from below upwards ; teeth usually 4 or 5 each side, very small. Flowers few or many in loose spike-like terminal or Jateral racemes, one to each pair of bracts; bracts broadly ovate, 3-1 lin. long and broad, becoming smaller from below upwards, unequal in size in each pair, the smaller subtending the flower, coarsely few-toothed ; pedicels 4-2 lin. long. Calyx 2-24 lin. long, rather densely but minutely glandular-pubescent; teeth narrowly linear- lanceolate, 1} lin. long, acuminate. Corolla yellow, 3}-4 lin. long; tube 2 lin. long, 3 lin. broad; upper lip oblong-ovate, about 14 lin. long, minutely denticulate, shortly 2-lobed; lower lip about 2 lin. long and 2} lin. broad, with a small crest of golden-yellow clavate hairs 1D the middle ; lobes rounded, about 1 lin. in diam., minutely denticulate. Anticous filaments with a golden-yellow knee-like appendage about t lin. long at the base. Capsule globose-obovoid, very slightly longer than the calyx, obtuse, glabrous. Lindernia.] XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 343 Wile Land. Uganda: Lake Victoria ; Sesse Island, 3909 ft., Brown, 117, 12. L. bifolia, Skan. A slender erect annual herb 2-4} in. high, branched from the base and sometimes sparingly branched above, covered (in some places rather densely) with short spreading grey hispid hairs ; root slender, with very few fibres; stems quadrangular. J.eaves in a basal pair, and 1 or 2 pairs of very small ones on the stem when this is branched ; basal leaves elliptic-ovate, sessile, 5-7 lin. long, 3-5 lin. broad, thin, acute, obscurely few-toothed, nearly glabrous below; cauline leaves similar to the basal, but only 14-3 lin. long. Inflorescence a few-flowered terminal raceme; flowers usually alternate ; bracts oppo- site, subulate, 1-3? lin. long; pedicels $-1} lin. long. Calyx 13-2 lin. long, prominently 5-ribbed, sparingly and hispidly hairy, purple in fruit ; teeth 11-14 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute. Corolla 4 lin, long ; upper lip oblong-ovate, 1? lin. long, obtuse, emarginate ; lower lip 2? lin. long, 3 lin. broad, with a crest of clavate golden-yellow hairs at the base; lateral lobes elliptic, 1} lin. long, 1 lin. broad; median lobe suborbicular, 1} lin. in diam. Anticous filaments with a slender capitate pubescent appendage near the base. Capsule ellipsoid-globose, shorter than the calyx, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Kambole, south-west of Lake Tan- ganyika, about 5000 ft., Nutt / 13. L. abyssinica, Hngl, in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 503, t. 9, figs. A—F. An erect perennial herb about 2 in. high, branched from the base, bearing numerous fibrous roots; stem quadrangular, glabrous, leafless at the base but marked with rather crowded leaf-scars; branches sparingly and minutely pubescent. Leaves crowded on the stem, in rather distant pairs on the branches, sessile, elliptic, 3-6 lin. long, 2-34 lin. broad, obtuse, somewhat narrowed at the base, remotely serrulate, glabrous above, sparingly and shortly pubescent below, ciliate, Flowers axillary, solitary, usually alternate: peduncles 3-6 lin. long. Calyx 23 lin. long with a few short hispid hairs on the upper part, often coloured purple; teeth triangular, 3-4 lin. Jong, sub- acute. Corolla apparently yellow, 44 Jin. long ; tube hairy inside from the base of the lower lip to half-way down; upper lip ovate, 2 lin. long, denticulate ; lobes of the lower lip denticulate. Anticous filaments dilated and sharply bent at the base. Capsule about 38} lin. long, oblong, acute. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; on rocks near Gafat, 8850 ft., Schimper, 1164! 14. L. uvens, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 763, An annual herb 2-4 in, high, nearly glabrous; stem erect, tetragonal, minutely scabrid-puberulous, slender, leafy below, sparingly leafy above. Leaves opposite or the uppermost floral ones alternate, sessile, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, 1-4 lin. long, obtuse or the floral subacute, more or less broad at the base, minutely glandular-punctate and _pulverulent- 344 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Lindernia, puberulous, minutely ciliolate. Flowers few, terminal and in axils of the upper leaves; peduncles very short. Calyx campanulate-oblong, 2 lin. long, shortly 5-cleft ; teeth ovate at the base, acuminate, ciliolate, about half as long as the smooth tube, Corolla about 3 lin. long, bilabiate, blue. Stamens 4, all perfect. Style 14 lin. long, rather thickened upwards; stigma rather dilated. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in wet pastures on the Humpata plateau, rather rare, Welwitsch, 5784! The above is taken from Mr. Hiern’s description. 15. La. Stuhlmannii, Lngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 357. An erect herb about 5 in. high, branched from the base; branches erect, glabrous, longitudinally suleate. Leaves few, the basal linear, the cauline short, lanceolate. Flowers in short terminal racemes; pedicels 2-3 times longer than the very short bracts, nearly as long as the flower, deflexed at the time of flowering. Calyx-teeth triangular, half as long as the tnbe. Corolla twice as long as the calyx; upper lip shortly bilobed, equal in size to the lobes of the lower lip. Anticous filaments genicu- late. Capsule elongate-fusiform, nearly twice as long as the calyx.— Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 503, t. 9, figs. F—L. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: in marshes, East Uzinja, Stuhlmann, 3550. The figure represents this plant with leaves scarcely 2 lin. long and pedicels 1 lin. long or less, and with the upper lip of the corolla quite entire. 16. L. debilis, Skan. A weak much branched prostrate annual herb; branches up to 24 in. long, glabrous, quadrangular. Leaves sessile, very thin, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2—5 lin. long, iy lin. broad, obtuse or acute, slightly narrowed at the base, entire or minutely few-toothed, glabrous ; floral leaves more or less unequal in the same pair. Flowers solitary in the axils of the smaller leaves of the upper pairs; peduncles about } lin. long. Calyx 14 lin. long, very sparingly glandular-pubescent, prominently 5-ribbed ; teeth subulate, minutely ciliate, unequal, 1-1} lin. long. Corolla 14-13 lin. long; upper lip purplish, emarginate; lower lip yellow with purple lines, deeply 3-lobed. Anticous filaments with very small appendages near the base. Capsule oblong, acute, slightly shorter than the calyx. Nile Land. Bongo; Gir, Schweinfurth, 2516! Imperfectly known species. 17. L. Dinteri, Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. xx. 27. Habit of L. abyssinica. Leaves opposite, sessile, decurrent, lanceolate, about 6 lin. long and 1} lin. broad, acute, almost fleshy, with 3 or 4 distant serrate teeth each side. Flowers axillary, solitary, shortly stalked. Calyx 5-toothed, broadly 5-winged ; teeth linear-lanceolate, about 1 lin. long. Corolla unknown. Capsule about 2 lin. long, septicidal. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland ; Waterberg Plateau, Dinter, 563. I suspect from the description that this is a Torenia and probably T. spicata. Tlysanthes.| | XC, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 345 29, ILYSANTHES, Rafin.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ti. 955. : Calyx 5-partite or 5-toothed; segments or teeth narrow, scarcely imbricate. Corolla-tube cylindric or somewhat enlarged above ; upper lip outside, erect, broad, concave, usually shortly bifid ; lower lip larger, spreading ; lobes 3, broad, subequal. Stamens 2, posticous, affixed to the corolla-tube, subincluded ; filaments filiform ; anthers subcoherent, cells divaricate; staminodes 2, anticous, 2-lobed (one lobe glandular, obtuse, the other slender, acute, sometimes minute, sometimes elongated, rarely bearing an empty anther) or entire, linear or clavate, obtuse, glandular. Style shortly bilamellate at the apex. Ovules numerous in each cell. Capsule ovate, oblong to linear, septicidal ; valves slender, entire. Seeds numerous, foveolate-rugcse.—Herbs, usually annual, slender, creeping or erect, branched, glabrous or more rarely pubescent, often growing in marshy places. Leaves opposite, entire or toothed. Flowers small, axillary and solitary, or in terminal racemes; peduncles or pedicels ebracteolate, often deflexed in fruit.—Bonnaya, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. 25, t. 11; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 956. Species about 35, in nearly all warm countries, chiefly in Africa and Asia. I, reptans, Urb., is not African. De Wildeman (Notices Pl. Utiles du Congo, 549) refers to a plant by this name which is used in the Congo Free State as forage for oxen. Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Terrestrial plants; stems leafy; corolla 2~33 lin. long. Stems creeping; leaves about as broad as long . 1. J. rotundifolia. Stems erect ; leaves longer than broad . 5 . 2 I. parviflora. Aquatic plant; stems naked except near the apex; corolla about 6 lin. long . : : : . 3. I. conferta. Calyx 5-toothed. Leaves radical 5 ‘ 3 ~ . - . 4 DT. Welwitschii. Leaves cauline. Leaves spathulate, ovate or elliptic-oblong. Peduncles 3-1 lin. long . c : : . 5. I. nana. Peduncles 3-9 lin. long . ‘ ° 6. I, pulchella. Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong. Corolla-tube distinctly longer than the calyx; calyx-teeth acute or rather narrow at the apex. Plant only 1-2 in. high; stems simple or sparingly branched ; calyx-teeth narrow at the apex but not acute ; upper lip of corolla emarginate. Stems creeping at the base ; leaves 3-6 lin, long; calyx 1}-14 lin. long; corolla 8-4 lin. long . . “ A . VW. L. pusilla. Stems erect; leaves 14-2 lin. long; calyx scarcely 1 lin. long; corolla about 24 lin. long : : ~ Plant up to 5 in. high; stems much branched ; calyx-teeth acute; upper lip of corolla bifid, with acute lobes . : - . 9. I. gracilis. 8. I. ugandensis. 346 XCI. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | lysanthes. Corolla-tube not longer than the calyx; calyx- teeth rounded at the apex : - . 10. 2. andongensis. Leaves narrowly linear, Plant tall, erect, with long very slender branches. Pedicels 2-6 lin. long; upper lip of the corolla deeply bifid . 4 - . 12. LZ. Schweinfurthit. Pedicels usually scarcely 1 lin. long; upper lip of the corolla shortly bifid ; . 13. I, Barteri. Plant dwarf, with short spreading stiff branches 11. J. trichotoma. 1. I. rotundifolia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 420. near Roseires and near Famaka, Cienkowsky. Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1986! Bongo; Gir, Schweinfurth, 2511! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa; Shire Valley above Morambala Marsh, Scott! mouth of the Zambesi, Kirk / Also in India and Siam. Tlysanthes.] XC11, SCROPHULARIACEEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 347 3: I. conferta, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 365. A glabrous or nearly glabrous aquatic herb; stems erect, 4-8 in. long, rather slender, usually simple, tetragonal at least above, submerged below, naked except at the apex through the fall of the lower leaves, rooting at the base. Leaves opposite, crowded at and near the apex of the stem, shortly petiolate or sessile and slightly sheathing, oblong-obovate, 2-8 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad, very obtuse, entire, somewhat fleshy- coriaceous, green or red-purple, glossy and minutely dotted above, minutely glandular beneath. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles about 3 lin. long. Calyx 11-14 lin. long, deeply lobed ; segments ovate or broadly oblong, rather more than } lin. broad, unequal in breadth, imbricate, obtuse. Corolla crimson ; tube 21 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base, 1} lin, broad near the limb ; upper lip deltoid-ovate, entire, 2 lin. long ; lower lip deeply 3-lobed, about 4 lin. long. Upper stamens shortly exserted ; staminodes simple, incurved, 1 lin. long. Capsule oblong-ovoid, compressed, 14-2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, crowned by the rather thick persistent style.—J/, Plantaginella, 8. Moore in Journ, Bot. 1905, 49. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Matoppo Hills, in streams running over granite, Lyles, 47! Also in the Transvaal and Natal. 4. I. Welwitschii, Lngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 504, 4. 9, figs. O—R. An erect herb 14-2 in. high, bearing a tuft of long fibrous roots ; Stem scapose, simple, very slender, purple, minutely pubescent. Leaves in a small tuft at the base of the stem, linear-spathulate, 24-5 lin. long, 4-1 lin. broad, fleshy, obtuse. Flowers solitary and terminal or in 1—4 pairs with an odd terminal one ; bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, I lin. long; peduncles slender, 4 lin. long. Calyx 2} lin. long, purplish ; teeth } lin. long, oblong, obtuse. Corolla about 44 lin. long, whitish, the lower lip purplish ; upper lip slightly emarginate; lower lip bearded in the middle; lobes crisped. Staminodes rather large, gib- bous, obovoid. Capsule (immature) elliptic, acute, slightly longer than the calyx.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 764. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in very elevated damp places in Morro de Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5781 ! 5. I. nana, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 505. An erect somewhat tufted herb 14-14 in. high; stems quadrangular, minutely pubescent, rather leafy. “Leaves somewhat fleshy, glabrous, the lower spathulate, 4—5 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, petiolate, the upper sessile, ovate, up to 6 lin. long and 4 lin. broad, all obtuse, distinctly or obscurely toothed. Peduncles 3-1 lin. long, in the axils of the upper leaves. Calyx about 1} lin, long ; teeth ovate-lanceolate, 3 lin. long, acute. Corolla about 2} lin. long, purple or white, with the lower lip purplish; lobes denticu-- late. Staminodes gibbous, bearing a slender filament about $ lin. long. Capsule fusiform, about 3 lin. long, acuminate.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw, i. 764, and in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 365. 348 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), | Z@ysanthes. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5788! pastures of Empalanea, Welwitsch, 5789! Also in the Transvaal and Natal. 6. I, pulchella, Skan. An erect herb 2-23 in. high, branched from the base, thinly covered on the branches and leaves with short rather stiff whitish hairs. Leaves elliptic-oblong, 2~5 lin. long, 1-2 lin, broad, sessile or the lower subsessile, obtuse, few-toothed. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles glabrous or nearly so, 3-9 (usually about 5) lin. long. Calyx 2} lin. long, slightly 5-angled, with narrow scarious spaces between the angles; teeth } lin. long, ovate or ovate-elliptic, obtuse, minutely ciliate. Corolla 4!—5 lin. long; upper lip ovate, con- tracted near the apex, 2-24 lin. long, bifid ; teeth ovate, acute, scarcely 4 lin. long; lower lip 24 lin. long, 3 lin. broad; lateral lobes obovate, 1} lin. long, 1 lin. broad; median lobe suborbicular, 14 lin. in diam. Staminodes gibbous, with a very short proboscis-like appendage. Cap- sule 3-3} lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, oblong, acute. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; plateau of Mount Zomba, 5000-6000 ft., Whyte ! This closely resembles 7. Bolusii, Hiern, from extra-tropical Transvaal, but differs in its very obtuse calyx-teeth and the form of the staminodes. A fragment collected on the Inyanga Mountains, Rhodesia, by Mr. Evelyn Cecil (209) is probably Z. pulchella, but the rich purplish-blue flowers are larger than those of the type. 7. I. pusilla, Urban in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1884, 435. A glabrous or sparingly and minutely pubescent herb 14-2 in. high ; stem simple or sparingly branched, creeping at the base, then ascending or erect. Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, 4-4 in. long, rather obtuse, entire. Peduncles 2—3 lin. long, in the axils of the upper leaves, spreading in fruit. Calyx 14-1} lin. Jong, 5-toothed; teeth scarcely } lin. long, semi-ovate, obtuse. Corolla 3-4 lin. long, white, slightly marked on the underside with red ; upper lip erect, emarginate; lower lip convex, broadly 3-lobed. Staminodes very minute. Capsule linear- oblong, 3~4 lin. long, acute, with divergent valves.—Bonnaya pusilla, Oliv. in Trans, Linn. Soc. xxix. 121, t. 122 A. Mozamb. Dist. (erman East Africa: Karagwe, 5500 ft., by water and rock, Speke & Grant ! 8. I, ugandensis, Skan. An erect very slender sparingly and minutely hispidly pubescent herb 1-1} in. high; stem simple or few- branched ; branches erect-spreading. Leaves sessile, linear-oblong oF linear-lanceolate, 14-2 lin. long, about J in. broad, obtuse, entire, rather fleshy. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves; peduncles very slender, 14-3 lin. long, suberect in flower. Calyx scarcely 1 jin. long; teeth ovate or almost deltoid, }-} lin. long, obtuse but narrow at the apex, purple-tipped. Corolla about 24 lin. long; tube funnel- shaped, 14 lin. long; upper lip oblong-ovate, nearly 1 lin. long and ? lin. broad, very slightly emarginate, minutely ciliate ; lower lip 1} lin. Ilysanthes.] | XC, SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 349 long and broad; lateral lobes ovate, about 4} lin. long; median lobe obovate, nearly 1 lin. long and broad. Staminodes very minute, fili- form. Capsule narrowly oblong, about 3 lin. long.—J. andongensis, S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 190, not of Hiern. Nile Land. Uganda: near the River Rufua, Bagshawe, 519 A! 9. I. gracilis, Skan. An erect slender minutely and _hispidly pubescent herb 3-5 in. high; stem quadrangular, simple or freely branched in the upper part; branches ascending. Leaves sessile, oblong-linear or lanceolate-oblong, 3-5 lin. long, 3-14 lin. broad, obtuse, entire or obscurely few-toothed. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves ; peduncles 3-5 lin. long, ascending in flower and fruit. Calyx 14-13 lin. long ; teeth ovate-lanceolate, somewhat unequal, about. 3 lin. long, acute. Corolla 3 lin. long; upper lip ovate, 1 lin. long, bifid, with short broad acute lobes ; lobes of the lower lip suborbicular. Staminodes gibbous, with short filaments minutely capitate at the apex. Capsule oblong-linear, 34-4 lin. long, ? lin. broad, acute, with divergent valves, Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe: Jeba on the River Quorra (Niger), Barter/ Welwitsch 5879, a tiny solitary flowered specimen, should probably be referred here. 10, I. andongensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 765. An. erect usually much branched glabrous or minutely pubescent herb, 2-3 in. high; stem and branches quadrangular. Leaves sessile, linear-oblong, usually 2—4 lin. long, obtuse, entire or slightly repand. Flowers solitary, axillary; peduncles 2-6 lin. long. Calyx 1-1} lin. long ; teeth oblong, about } lin. long, rounded at the apex. Corolla about 2 lin. long, purple; tube about as long as the calyx ; upper lip scarcely ? lin. long, bifid, with short acute lobes; lower lip scarcely 1 lin. long and broad ; lateral lobes shortly oblong, $ lin. long; median lobe broadly obovate, about 4 lin. long and broad. Staminodes linear, flattened, about } lin. long, without a gibbosity at the base. Capsule oblong or linear-oblong, about 3 lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in damp pastures between Candumba and the River Cuanza, Welwitsch, 5871! Welwitsch, 5879, is distinct from the above and is probably J, gracilis. 11. I, trichotoma, Urban in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1884, 450. A diffuse glabrous trichotomously branched herb, about 3} in. high ; Stems quadrangular. Leaves sessile, linear-oblong, }-} in. long, acute, entire. Peduncles alternate in the axils of the upper reduced leaves, 2-34 lin. long, deflexed in fruit. Calyx 1} lin. long, 5-toothed ; teeth Scarcely 1 lin. long, semi-ovate, acute. Corolla blue, 2-5 lin. long ; upper lip slightly emarginate ; lower lip deeply 3-lobed. Staminodes entire, subsessile. Capsule 2-2} lin. long, ellipsoid, acute.— Bonnaya trichotoma, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 121, t. 122 B. Wile Land, Uganda: Madi, on rocky ground, Speke & Grant! Mumias, 4500 ft. Whyte ! Entebbe, 3900 ft., Brown, 249! 350 XCII. SCRUPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). _ [Jlysanthes. 12. I. Schweinfurthii, Hngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 504. A slender cespitose glabrous or sparingly pubescent herb, 4-8 in. high; stems erect, simple or branched at the base, quadrangular. Leaves linear, 24-5 lin. long (the uppermost smaller), rather thick and obtuse, entire. Flowers in a loose raceme; bracts 4-14 lin. long, unequal in the same pair; pedicels 2-6 lin. long, deflexed in fruit. Calyx 1} lin. long, 5-ribbed, pale green on the ribs and transparent between ; teeth } lin. long, lanceolate, acute, sparingly ciliate. Corolla about 44 lin. long, lilac ; tube only about } lin. broad ; upper lip deeply bifid, with narrow lobes ? lin. long. Staminodes oblong. Capsule fusiform, acute, 2} lin. long. Nile Land. Niamniam: Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 3889! 3931! by the Ibba River, near Nganye, Schweinfurth, 3991 ! Var, linearifolia, Engl.in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 504.—Leaves narrowly linear, acute. Calyx-teeth narrowly triangular, very acute. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, 4fzelius. I have not seen Afzelius’ plant. It should be compared with Z. Barteri. 13. I, Barteri, Skan. Very closely resembles 7. Schweinfurthii, Engl., but the pedicels are usually scarcely 1 lin. long ; calyx-teeth acuminate; corolla 2-2} lin. long; upper lip bifid, with the teeth broad and only about + lin. long; staminodes short and ligulate, tapering somewhat at the apex ; capsule 14 lin. long. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe; Jeba, on the River Quorra (Niger), Barter / 30. DINTERA, Stapf in Mém. Herb. Boiss. xx. 27. Flowers cleistogamous. Calyx deeply 5- (rarely 6-) fid; segments oblong, obtuse. Corolla about as long as the calyx, ellipsoid ; tube sprinkled with sessile glands inside on the anticous part, closed by minute lips; upper lip outside, shortly 2-lobed ; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 2, anticous; filaments very short, glabrous, inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube; anther-cells unequal, ‘“ indehiscent or imperfectly indehiscent ” ; connective between the cells distinct ; staml- nodes none. Ovary ellipsoid-globose, 1-celled; style very short ; stigma somewhat thickened; placentas parietal, bifurcate, shield-shaped ; ovules many. Capsule orbicular-obovate, somewhat compressed on one side, septicidal at the apex or bursting irregularly. Seeds many, minute, oblong, more or less compressed, foveolate.-—A dwarf sub- cespitose quite glabrous aquatic submerged herb; stem broadly 4- winged. Leaves opposite, sessile, ovate. Flowers axillary, solitary, sessile, minute, ebracteate. An endemic monotypic genus allied to Bythophyton, Hook. f. 1. D. pterocaulis, Stapf in Mém. Herb. Boiss. xx. 29, t. 1 fig A. Herb about 4 in. high; stems branched chiefly near the base, 4-winged ; wings thin, more than } lin. broad; internodes up to 9 jin. Dintera. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 301 long. Leaves broadly ovate, semiamplexicaul, acute, recurved at the apex, thickened on the margins, 5-nerved, the larger 3 lin. long and 2 lin. broad. Calyx in the flowering stage scarcely }? lin. long, 1-1} lin. long when in fruit; segments 3 times longer than the tube, 1-nerved. Corolla 4-1} lin. long; upper lip somewhat longer than the lower ; lobes all minute. Outer anther-cells almost twice as large as the inner, obovoid, subacute or obtuse at the base. Capsule up to 1} lin. long. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Waterberg Plateau, in water, Dinter, 568. 31. HYDRANTHELIUM, H. B. & K.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Fi. the 20d. Calyx 4--5-partite ; segments oblong or elliptic or the lateral lanceo- late. Corolla shortly infundibuliform-campanulate, 3—5-fid ; lobes con- cave or cucullate, imbricate, unequal. Stamens 3 to 4, sometimes 2 or 5, affixed to the throat of the corolla, exserted ; filaments short ; anthers rather large, 2-celled;. cells parallel. Style dilated at the apex, very slightly 2-lobed. Ovules many. Capsule ovoid or ellipsoid; valves entire. Seeds many, oblong, incurved, pendulous, striate, carunculate at the hilum.—Slender hairy or glabrous creeping or prostrate herbs growing in marshy places and on wet rocks. Leaves opposite, sessile, 3—7-nerved, entire or crenate at the apex. Flowers small, white, pedunculate in the axils of the leaves, ebracteolate. Species 2 or 3, also in Guatemala, Western Tropical South America. 1. H. egense, Poepp. d& Endl. Nov. Gen. Sp. iii. 75, t. 287. A slender pulverulent or more or less pilose herb; stems up to about 6 in. long, simple or sparingly branched, creeping and rooting at the nodes. Leaves ovate or suborbicular, 4-8 lin. long, 2-5 lin. broad, rounded at the apex, cuneate or sometimes broad at the base, 3—7-nerved, gland- dotted, entire or slightly crenate at the apex. Peduncles 3-7 lin. long. Calyx 1} lin. long, 4- or 5-partite ; segments unequal, oblong to linear- oblong, obtuse. Corolla 24 lin. long, unequally 3~5-lobed, fragrant (Barter). Stamens 8 or 4, rarely 2 or 5. Capsule globose-ellipsoid, 1-1} lin. long, obtuse.—Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 425. Herpestis Monnieria, Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 209 (excl. synonymy), not of H. B. & K. Upper Guinea. Southern Nigeria: Onitsa, overrunning the muddy margins of Streams, Barter, 1252! South Central. Congo Free State: Congo; at the mouth of the Kasai River, Hens, 119! Also in Guatemala and Western Tropical South America. 352 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Limosella. 32. LIMOSELLA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii, 958. Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed. Corolla-tube short, subrotate-cam- panulate; limb 5-fid, spreading; lobes rounded or ovate-oblong, imbricate, subequal, Stamens 4, affixed to the corolla-tube, usually shortly exserted ; filaments filiform; anthers 1-celled by confluence. Ovary shortly 2-celled at the base, the septum disappearing above ; style short, incurved and thickened at the apex; ovules many. Capsule subindehiscent or at length 2-valved; valves entire. Seeds small, ovoid, striate, somewhat rugose.—Small czspitose creeping or floating glabrous herbs, stemless or with stolon-like stems. Leaves radical or fascicled at the nodes, rarely alternate on some of the branches ; petiole long; blade linear like the petiole or oblong-ovate or spathulate. Pedunceles axillary, often shorter than the leaves, ebracteate. Flowers lilac, white or pale rose, usually small. Species 6 or 7, 2 of which are widely distributed in all temperate regions ; 3 are limited to Tropical and South Africa, and 1 to Australia. Corclla-lobes distinctly shorter than the calyx. Very slender; blade of the leaf up to # in. long; peduncles 1-12 lin. Jong . é . . . 1. ZL. aquatica. Stouter; blade of the leaf up to 1% in. long; peduncles 3-24 in. long . : 4 3 . 2. L. maior. Corolla-lobes as long or nearly as long as the calyx . 3. L, capensis. 1. L. aquatica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i. 631. A small tufted glabrous annual aquatic or marsh herb, often producing stolons bearing one or more tufts of leaves and rooting at every tuft, sometimes with branches having alternate leaves. Leaves usually in radical tufts, erect, suberect or floating, very variable in size and shape, narrowly spathulate to broadly oblong, sometimes linear ; blade 14—9 lin. long, }—5 lin. broad, obtuse, entire; petiole 4-4 in. long, usually very slender. Flowers axillary, solitary ; peduncles 1-12 lin. long, erect or suberect in flower, often deflexed in fruit. Calyx about 1 lin. long; teeth broader than long, minutely apiculate. Corolla lilac, white or pale rose, slightly longer than the calyx ; lobes spreading, ovate-oblong, about lin. long. Capsule subglobose, about 14 lin. in diam.—Benth. in DC. Prodr. x- 426; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss, ii. 122; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 378; Hiern in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii: 356, with synonymy ; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 99; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 288; Reichb. Ic. Fl- Germ. xx. t. 1722, fig. 1. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 9800-10800 ft., Mann. Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Adowa, Schimper, 1063! Samen; Mount Silke, Schimper, 1302! Mount Bachit, Schimper, 757! and without precise locality, Schimper ! Cosmopolitan. Var. tenuifolia, Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. ii. 334. Stolons usually absent. Leaves narrowly linear or subulate, terete or somewhat compressed, without dilated blade.— Journ. Linn. Soc. vi.19 ; Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1901, 336, t. 426, fig. C, with synonymy, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 357. L. tenuifolia, Wolf. ex Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. ed. 2; i, II. 29; Berth. in DC. Prodr. x, 427, Limosella.| XCi1, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN.) 353 Upper Guinea. Fernando Po: top of Clarence Peak, 9000-10000 ft., Mann, 597! Cosmopolitan. 2. L. maior, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 122. A tufted minutely glandular marsh herb much larger than L. aquatica. Leaves radical, crowded, oblong, spathulate-oblong or spathulate, subacute or obtuse, narrowed at the base, erect ; blade usually 3-13 in. long and 4-2 in. broad, broadest about the middle ; petiole stout, 4-4 in. long. Peduncles 7-2} in. long, erect in flower, deflexed in fruit. Calyx 1$-2 lin. long; teeth deltoid-ovate, $ lin. long. Corolla lilac- or bluish-white; tube about 2 lin. long; lobes scarcely exserted, ovate-rounded. Capsule about 24 lin. long and 1 lin. broad—Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 357. Wile Land. Eritrea: Saganeiti; valley of Degerra, 7200 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1260! Also in South Africa. L. aquatica, var. alismoides, Welw, ex Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 766, oo by Welwitsch in Angola, is, according to Hiern, probably referable to + maror. 3. L. capensis, Zhunb. Prodr. 104. Very closely resembles L. aquatica in habit and foliage. Leaves ovate, elliptic-oblong or sub- linear ; blade 1-8 lin. long, }~3 lin. broad; petioles very slender, up to 2 in. long or sometimes more. Peduncles 1-flowered, up to 1{ (rarely to 2) in. long. Calyx 3-1 lin. long, enlarged slightly in fruit ; teeth broadly ovate. Corolla-tube about as long as or slightly longer than the calyx; lobes as long as or nearly as long as the tube, pilose and white on the upper side, purplish or pale blue with a white border on the underside. Capsule globose, 3-1 lin. long.—Thunb. FI. Cap. ed. Schult. 480; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 427; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii, 358. L. cwrulea, Burch. Trav. S. Afr. i. 259, in note. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand ; Gobabis, Schinz ! and without precise locality, Chapman & Baines, Also in South Africa. 33. SIBTHORPIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 959. Calyx campanulate, 4—8- (usually 5-) fid; lobes somewhat unequal. Corolla subrotate ; lobes as many as those of the calyx or one more, subequal, imbricate, spreading. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes or one less ; filaments short, filiform, subequal ; anthers sagittate, with the cells contiguous and not confluent at the apex. Style short ; stigma capitate. Capsule membranous, compressed, loculicidal. Seeds not numerous, convex on the back, flat or concave on the face, minutely tuberculate-rugose.—Prostrate creeping usually hairy herbs, often rooting at the nodes. Leaves alternate or fasciculate, petiolate, orbicular-reniform, coarsely crenate or incised-pinnatifid. Peduncles VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2A 304 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Sibthorpia, axillary, solitary or fasciculate, ebracteate. Flowers yellow, yellow- rose, red or purple. Species 6, also in Europe, India, Central and South America. 1. S. europza, Linn.,var. africana, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 208. A more or less pilose very slender prostrate creeping herb, often rooting at the nodes; stems up to 9in. long. Leaves suborbicular, 2-9 lin. in diam., with numerous (often 15-20) very small crenate teeth ; petiole }-14 in. long. Peduncles solitary, 1-3 lin. long. Calyx about 1 lin. long, 4- or 5-lobed, conspicuously 4- or 5-nerved ; lobes about 4 lin. long, ovate, scarcely acute. Corolla yellow or sometimes purple, usually 5-lobed, about 1 lin. long. Stamens usually 4, included. Capsule broadly obovate, pilose at the apex, slightly. emarginate, scarcely as long as the calyx.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 379, and Pfl. Ost-Afr. C.358. S. africana, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 631; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 428; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 122. Disandra africana, . Linn. Syst. ed. Reich. ii. 137. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 7000 ft., Wann, 1963 ! Fernando Po, 7500 ft., Mann, 1455! ee Land. Abyssinia: Samen; Mount Bachit, about 13,000 ft., Schimper, 1310! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Kilimanjaro; above Mamba, 8500 ft.» Volkens, 785! Also in the Azores, Balearic Isles, Greece and Crete. Var. glabra, Skan. Plant quite glabrous. Nile Land. Uganda: Ruwenzori; Butanuka, Scott-Elliot, 7848! S. europea is found in Western Europe, Madeira, Mexico and Peru. 34. SCOPARIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 959. Calyx 4- or 5-partite; segments ovate or lanceolate, imbricate. Corolla rotate, 4-fid, densely bearded at the throat; lobes imbricate, obtuse, subequal. Stamens 4, subequal; filaments filiform ; anthers subsagittate, with parallel or divergent cells. Style slightly clavate at the apex ; stigma truncate or emarginate. Capsule globose or ovoid. septicidal ; valves entire, membranous. Seeds numerous, obovoid, angular, scrobiculate.—Glabrous or pilose very much branched herbs or small shrubs. Leaves opposite or verticillate, quite entire or dentate, punctate. Peduncles axillary, commonly in pairs, ebracteate. Flowers rather small, white, yellow or pale blue. Species 6, natives of Tropical America, 1 dispersed throughout nearly all tropical countries. 1. S. dulcis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 116. An_ erect slender much-branched undershrub 1-3 ft. high, glabrous or minutely hairy chiefly at the nodes; stem and branches obscurely angular. Leaves commonly ternate, sometimes in whorls of more than 3 oF opposite, elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, }-1} 1 Scoparia.] XII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 359 long, 1-5 lin. broad, obtuse or subacute, narrowed at the base into a short petiole, more or less distinctly serrate above the middle, densely punctate. Flowers solitary or geminate in the axils of the leaves, often forming many-flowered raceme-like inflorescences ; peduncles 2-3 lin. long, very slender. Calyx about 1 lin. long, densely covered outside with sessile glands ; segments 4, ovate, obtuse, sparingly ciliate, 8—5-nerved. Corolla 14 lin. long, white. Capsule ovoid, 1-1} lin. long.—Beauv. FI. Owar. ii. 86, t. 115; Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 79 ; Benth. in DC, Prodr. x. 431; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxI1x. 121; Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot. x. 144; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 358; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 766; Durand in Comptes- rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxiii. 115: Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, 1.211; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. fase. 2, 45 and Reliq. Dewevr. 170; De Wild. Fl. Bas- et Moyen-Congo, i. 74; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 289. S. ternata, Forsk. Fl. d4igypt.-Arab. 31. Capraria dulcis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. i. 459. Upper Guinea. Gambia, Ingram! Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 5134! Vogel, 20! Welwitsch, 5921! Gold Coast : Krobo plains, Johnson, 557! Liberia; Grand Bassa, Vogel, 47 | Monrovia, Whyte! Lagos, Dawodu, 6! Ogbomoshaw, Barter, 3405! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 377! Northern Nigeria : Nupe, Barter 1174! Southern Nigeria: Nun River, Vogel, 16! Old Calabar, Holland, 17! 98! Cameroons : Bipinde, Zenker, 862! Johann-Albrechtshéhe, Staudé, 598! Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, iii. 40! River Jur, Sckwein- furth, 1578! Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Moller. Rolas Island, Quintas. Princes Island, Welwitsch, 5922! Lower. Congo, Cabra; near Leopoldville, Gillet; Boma, Dewevre. Angola: various localities, Welwitsch, 5899! 5915! 5919, 5920; Gossweiler, 2 Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; near Tabora, Speke & rant | Also in nearly all tropical countries, often as a weed on cultivated ground. This plant is used as forage for horses and oxen in the Congo Free State.—De Wild. Notices Pl. Utiles du Congo, 549. 35. CAPRARIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 959. Calyx 5-partite ; segments equal, narrow, scarcely imbricate. Corolla campanulate or subrotate, deeply 5-fid ; tube short ; lobes flat, imbricate. Stamens 4 or 5, shorter than the corolla, somewhat unequal ; filaments filiform; anthers sagittate or almost horseshoe-shaped ; cells divergent, confluent at the apex. Style short, dilated and almost 2-lobed at the apex. Capsule ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, bisulcate, loculicidal ; valves at length 2-tid. Seeds numerous, small, attached to thick placentas, reticulate.—Glabrous or hairy perennial herbs or undershrubs. Leaves alternate, serrate. Peduncles axillary, ebracteate, usually geminate. Flowers white. Species 4, natives of tropical and subtropical America. 1. C. biflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i. 628. A more or less pilose erect branched undershrub, 2-4 ft. high, with a creeping rootstock ; stem 356 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Capraria. and branches terete. Leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, 4-3 in. broad, acute, narrowed at the base, coarsely serrate. Flowers usually geminate, sometimes solitary; peduncles 2-6 lin. long. Calyx 24-22 lin. long ; segments linear-lanceolate, 1?-2 lin. long, acute, pilose, sparingly punctate. Corolla 3}—32 lin. long; lobes oblong-elliptic, 2-24 lin. long, acute. Capsule 2? lin. long, ovoid- ellipsoid, obtuse, slightly emarginate, punctate.—Benth in DC. Prodr. x, 429. Upper Guinea. (iold Coast: Cape Coast Castle, Vogel, 79! Accra, Brown, ! Evidently an introduced plant in Africa. It is a native of Tropical America. 36. VERONICA, Linn.; Benth et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 964. Calyx 4- or 5-partite ; segments scarcely imbricate, the fifth posticous segment when present usually smaller. Corolla-tube short, rarely exceeding the calyx; limb spreading, 4- or 5-fid; lateral lobes outside (or one only outside) ; upper and lower lobes often narrower. Stamens 2, inserted on the corolla-tube at the sides of the upper lobe, exserted ; anther-cells divergent or parallel, obtuse, confluent at the apex. Style subcapitate at the apex. Capsule compressed or turgid, 2-sulcate, locu- licidal. Seeds few or many, ovate or orbicular, affixed by the inner flat or concave surface, smooth or rugulose on the back, often with a thickened or wing-like margin; embryo straight.—Herbs, shrubs or more rarely trees. Leaves opposite, more rarely verticillate or some- what scattered. Flowers in terminal or axillary bracteate racemes, more rarely solitary in the axils of alternate leaves; pedicels ebracteo- late. Corolla blue, purple, flesh-coloured or white, never yellow. Capsule very often obtuse or emarginate. Species about 200, chiefly in the temperate and cold regions of both hemispheres : very few in tropical countries and America, Shrubby species are numerous in New Zealand, Flowers in axillary racemes. Stem erect, stout ; leaves sessile,semi-amplexicaul . 1. V7. Anagallis. Stem more or Jess decumbent, often slender ; leaves petiolate. Plant glabrous or nearly so; leaves elliptic or elliptic-oblong aoe ° : : . . 2. V, Beccabunga. Plant distinctly pubescent ; leaves ovate to sub- orbicular. Raceme more than 5-flowered ; corolla scarcely 1 lin. long z : a 2 4 . 38. V. javanica. Raceme 2-5-flowered ; corolla 3-3} lin. long . 4. V. abyssinica. Flowers axillary and solitary or in crowded terminal racemes. Plant perennial, glandular-hairy; branches often 9- 12 in. Jong. Leaves shortly petiolate. Leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, }-1} in. long ; calyx 4-partite . : ; : 2 . 5. V. glandulosa. Veronica,| XCII. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 357 Leaves elliptic or obovate, }~1 in. long; calyx 5-partite (the posticous segment minute) . 7. V. myrsinoides. Leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate - 6. V. Mannii, Plant annual, not glandular-hairy, small. Stems prostrate; calyx subequally 4-partite, with narrow segments . : . : . 8. VP, violefolia. Stems ascending ; calyx bipartite, with broad lobes 9. V. simensis. 1. V. Anagallis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i.12. A succulent glabrous or glandular-pubescent herb, 1-2 ft. high; stem creeping and rooting at the base, then erect, stout, hollow, branched. Leaves sessile, lanceo- late, lanceolate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 1-34 in. long, }-1} in. broad, usually acute, semi-amplexicaul, more or less remotely serrate or entire. Racemes 2-3} in. long, in the axils of all or nearly all the upper leaves ; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1-24 lin. long; pedicels spread- ing, 1-2 lin. long. Calyx 1} lin. long; segments oblong-lanceolate, | lin. long, subacute. Corolla blue, pale blue or flesh-coloured, about 2 lin. in diam.; upper segment broadly ovate, 1 lin. long, nearly J lin. broad; lateral segments broadly elliptic, nearly 1 lin. long, # lin. broad ; lower segment 3? lin. long, scarcely 4 lin. broad. Capsule orbicular, slightly emarginate, 1-14 lin. long.—Fresen. in Bot. Zeit. 1844, 356 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 467; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 125; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 141; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii, 367 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 293; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 1702; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 121; Schweinf. Beitr. FI. Aethiop. 101 (var. aquatica). V. aquatica, Bernhardi, Ueber den Begriff der Pilanzenart, 66; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 379 ; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 358, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 26. Wile Land, Ethiopia, Kotschy, 165! Nubia: New Dongola, Ehrenberg. Nile banks between Old Dongola and Korti, Bromfield, 108! Eritrea ; Hamasen, Steudner, 817. Abyssinia: Tigre ; Adowa, Quartin-Dillon, Schimper, 224 : Dehli Dikeno, Schimper, 262 ; Memsach Region, 7200 ft., Schimper, 520; Samen, Riippell-; Ghaba, Steudner, 7830! Hawash and Maki Rivers and Zaquala District, Wellby ! Galla Country, Stewdner, 776; and without precise locality, Schimper, 591! Uganda : Kidung Ndogo (Kedong River), 6800 ft., Scott. Elliot, 6501! British East Africa: Machakos, 4000-6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6681! Kikuyu and on the road to Eldama Ravine, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Lower Guinea. (ierman South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand ; between Rehoboth and Otyizeva, Schinz, 5! and without precise locality, Schinz, 22 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6000 ft., Johnston ! Usagara ; Robeho Mountains, 4700 ft., Speke & Grant ! Also in nearly all warm and temperate regions. : Ihave seen no African specimen of V. anagalloides, Guss. Pl. Rar. 5, t. 3, whieh Almagia includes in his Flora of Eritrea (Ann. Istit. Bot, Roma, viii, 141). 1 suspect that the Eritrean specimens belong to V. Anagallis. 2. V. Beccabunga, Linn., forma minima, Hngl. Hochgebirgs/. Lrop. Afr. 379, A glabrous or sparingly puberulous herb ; stems about 3 in. long, rather stout and succulent, decumbent and rooting ae the lower part. Leaves shortly stalked, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 2-7 in. long, 23 lin. broad, subacute, narrowed at the base, rather fleshy, 398 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Veronica. obscurely few-toothed. Racemes axillary, about #? in. long, few- flowered; bracts linear-oblong, 14—2 lin. long, scarcely acute; pedicels somewhat shorter than the bracts. Calyx 14-1} lin. long; segments oblong, obtuse. Corolla about 14 lin. long. Capsule suborbicular, slightly shorter than the calyx.—V. Beccabunga, var., A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 125, Wile Land, Abyssinia : Saumen; Mounts Deggen and Bachit, 13000-14000 ft., Schimper, 1271! The typical form is widely spread in Europe and Asia. &. V. javanica, Blume, Bijdr. 742. A slender diffusely branched decumbent or ascending herb usually about 6 in. high, more or less grey-pilose. Leaves petiolate or the upper subsessile, broadly ovate, 5-12 lin. long, 5-10 lin. broad, obtuse, truncate-cuneate or sometimes slightly cordate at the base, coarsely crenate-serrate ; petiole }—4 lin. long. Racemes axillary, about 1 in. long in flower, up to 2 (rarely 3) in. long in fruit ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 2 lin. long, obtuse ; pedicels }—} lin. long. Calyx 1} lin. long in flower, up to 2} lin. long in fruit ; segments oblong, obtuse. Corolla scarcely 1 lin. long, pale blue. Cap- sule broadly obcordate, 2-3 as long as the calyx, ciliate-—Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 489; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 296. V. wogerensis, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 126; Almagid in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 141. V. chamedryoides, Engl. Ptl. Ost-Afr, C. 358; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii. 505, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 26, not of Bory & Chaub. V. Maddeni, Edgew. ex Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 296. Nile Land. Eritrea: Saganeiti, 7200 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1369! Amasen $ Belesa, 7200 ft., Terracciano x Pappi, 324ft. Abyssinia: Wogara, Schimper, 730! and without precise locality, Schimper, 218! Somaliland: near Coromma, Riva, 613. Uganda: Kidung Ndogo (Kedong River), Scott-Elliot, 7045! British East Africa; Ukamba; Machakos, Scott-Elliot, 6678 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; near Marangu, 4900- 5100 ft. Volkens, 585! 760. Also in India, Siam, Java, Tonquin and the Luchu Islands. 4. V. abyssinica, /resen. in Bot. Zeit. 1844, 356. A prostrate herb diffusely branched from the base, sometimes rooting at the nodes, more or less pilose (often bifariously on the branches) ; branches usually 9-12 in. long, herbaceous or sometimes becoming almost woody, hollow. Leaves petiolate, ovate, elliptic-ovate or rarely suborbicular, 4-1} in. long, 3—} in. broad (rarely 14~2 in, long, 1-1} in. broad), obtuse or subacute, rounded, slightly cordate, truncate or somewhat cuneate at the base, crenate-serrate (often coarsely) or crenate, more or less pilose on both sides or sometimes almost glabrous ; petiole usually about 3 (rarely up to 6) lin. long. Racemes 1-25 in. long, often 2- (sometimes up to 5-) flowered ; bracts linear-oblong, 13-3 lin. long, obtuse ; pedicels 2-4 lin. long. Calyx 2-25 lin. long in flower, 3-34 lin. long in fruit ; segments oblong, elliptic-oblong or spathulate-elliptic, obtuse, ciliate and some times pilose inside and outside. Corolla 3-34 lin. long, cobalt-blue (pinky-white, Johnston). Style 1-14 lin. long. Capsule obovate, com Veronica.| XCII. SCROPHULARIACER (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 359 pressed, pilose or rarely glabrous, —-3 lin. shorter than the calyx.—A. Rich. Tent. FJ. Abyss. ii. 127; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 490; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 379 ; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 358; Engl. in Ann, Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 26. V. petitiana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 127. V. africana, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 208. V. montana, Avetta in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vi. 59, not of Linn. f. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 7000 ft., Mann, 1263! 1997! 7000-9000 ft., Johnston, 15! Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Wojerat, Petit; Samen, Riippel/ ; Begemeder : Reb Valley, 7500 ft., Debra Tabor, and Jan-Meda, 9100 ft. Schimper, 1154! Shoa ; Quartin-Dillon; Ankober, Roth, 467! Antoto, Ragazzi; and without precise locality, Schimper, 462! Somaliland : between Harar and Addis-Albeba, Wellby ! between Biddume and Alghe, Riva, 1248. Uganda: various localitiis between Nandi and Mau Plateau, 6000-9000 ft., Whyte! Mau; Masai River, 6000 ft, Scott-Elliot, 6795! Johnston! Ruwenzori; Kasamaga (? Kasagama), 5300 tt., Scott-Elliot, 7600! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Kilimanjaro, 4900-8900 ft., Volkens, 732! 1836! We have followed Engler in uniting V. petitiana and V. africana with TV’ abyssinica. Though this seems the best course, it should be noted that some slight differences can be detected between the material from the Cameroons (V7. africana) and that from Eastern Africa. In the former the petioles are usually longer, the leaves have smaller teeth, the flowers are said by Johnston to be pinky-white, and the style is shorter. Moreover, two of the Abyssinian specimens (Schimper, 1154) named V. petitiana at Kew, differ from the rest of the East African material in having shorter petioles, suborbicular crenate leaves, and broader calyx-segments, These hardly agree with Richard’s description of V. petitiana. An examination of the types ot V. abyssinica and FV. petitiana, which are not accessible to us, might suggest that the plant from the Cameroons and the doubtful Abyssinian one shculd cunstitute two varieties of V. abyssinica. d. V. glandulosa, Hochst. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 482. A perennial glandular-pilose or sometimes nearly glabrous herb; stems creeping and rooting and much branched at the base, then ascending ; branches leafy, elongated, usually bifariously pilose. Leaves very shortly petiolate, ovate or sometimes elliptic-ovate, $-1} in. long, 24-8 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded or cuneate at the base, minutely and Sparingly serrate, glabrous or sparingly glandular-pilose. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves; pedicels 1~1} lin, long, glan- dular-pilose. Calyx 2}-23 lin. long, more or less glandular-pilose, 4-partite ; upper segments oblong, 1} lin. long, obtuse ; lower broadly oblong, 2} lin. long, obtuse. Corolla 23 lin. long. Style 1-1} lin. long. Capsule obcordate, compressed, very sparingly glandular-ciliate, 3-} lin. shorter than the calyx—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 125; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 101; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 380. Mile Land. Abyssinia: Demerki, Schimper, 568! 1149! Mount Silke Schimper, 198; Mount Guna, 10000-11000 ft., Schimper, 1460! and without’ Precise locality, Schimper, 1052! 6. V.Mannii, Hook f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 19. A glandular- pilose perennial herb; stems creeping and -rcoting at the base, then 360 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Veronica. ascending or erect, about 9 in: high, branched ; branches bifariously pilose, often very densely leafy above. Leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-9 lin. long, 14-3} lin. broad, obtuse, somewhat narrowed at the base, sparingly glandular-pilose or glabrous, serrulate or sometimes nearly entire, rather coriaceous. Flowers in short crowded terminal racemes ; pedicels about } lin. long; bracts elliptic-lanceolate to oblong, shorter than the flowers. Calyx 4-partite, densely glandular- pilose, 3 lin. long; segments oblong, obtuse. Corolla blue, 4—4} lin. long; tube 14-12 lin. long ; lobes obovate-ovate or suborbicular. Style 14 lin. long. Capsule obcordate, compressed especially at the apex, shortly glandular-pilose, }—% lin. shorter than the calyx.— Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 380. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 9000-13500 ft., Mann, 1312! 2080! Johnston, 52! Fernando Po: Clarence Peak, Mann, 604! 7. V. myrsinoides, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1509. A perennial herb; stems creeping, slender, 6-12 in. long, simple in the specimen seen, rather densely leafy, bifariously shortly pilose. Leaves very shortly petiolate, elliptic or obovate, 3—4 lin. long, 14-1} lin. long, obtuse, minutely 2-4-toothed near the apex on each side, glabrous, more or less coriaceous; petiole 1 lin. long or less. Flowers solitary in the axils of the uppermost leaves; pedicels glandular-pilose, 1} lin. long. Calyx about 2 lin. long, 5-partite ; posticous segment minute, the other 4 oblong or oblong-spathulate, about 1} lin. long, obtuse, glandular, pilose. Corolla pale blue, 3-4 lin. long; lobes obovate, the posticous broader than the others. Style 1% lin. long. Capsule obcordate, about 3 lin. shorter than the calyx, sparingly glandular-ciliate.—Trans. Linn. Noe. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 343; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 380; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. ©. 358. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 11000 ft., Johuston, 144! Meyer, 143, 8. V.violefolia, Hochst. ex Benth.in DC. Prodr. x. 488, excl. syn. A small slender diffusely branched prostrate pilose annual; branches 3-3 in. long. Leaves petiolate, ovate to broadly obovate-cuneate, 13-2 lin. long and broad, fleshy, crenate-serrate, obtuse, the lower opposite, the upper alternate; petiole 14-2 lin. long, broadest at the top. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles slender, 14-3 lin. long. Calyx 2 lin. long, 4-partite; segments spathulate-oblong to obovate, obtuse. Corolla about 1 lin. long; segments suborbicular, the lowest much smaller than the others. Style scarcely } lin. long. Capsule obcordate, compressed, shortly pilose, very slightly shorter than the calyx.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 126; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 380; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 141. Nile Land. Eritrea: Amasen ; Ginda Baresa, 3300 ft., Terracciano § Papp, 63. Abyssinia: Samen; upper region of Mount Bachit, Schimper, 984! 9. V. simensis, Fresen. in Bot. Zeit. 1844, 356. A sparingly grey-pilose slender annual 24-4 in. high, branched from the base; Veronica,| XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 361 branches decumbent. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, shortly petiolate, ovate or ovate-orbicular, 3-5 lin. long, 3-44 lin. broad, trun- cate, rounded or slightly cuneate at the base, serrate or serrate-crenate chiefly from the middle to the apex, prominently 5-nerved on the under- side; petiole 4-1} lin. long. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles very slender, 2-5} lin. long. Calyx scarcely more than 1 lin. long in flower, up to 24 lin. long in fruit, divided in the median plane into 2 deeply bifid ciliate segments which are slightly cordate at the base ; lobes acute, entire or 1- or 2-toothed. Corolla about 2 lin. long ; upper and lateral segments elliptic, broader than the lower segment. Style scarcely } lin. long Capsule suborbicular, very much compressed, emarginate, ciliate, 1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad. Seeds cochleate, rugose, about # lin. in diam.—Flora, 1851, 659. Nile Land. Eritrea: near Saganeiti, 7200 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 806! Abyssinia: Samen, Rippell ; and without precise locality, Schimper, 335! V. filiformis, A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii, 127, from Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, in Abyssinia, Quartin-Dillon, we have not seen, but we suspect that it is the same as the above species, though tbe peduncles are said to be much longer. The description will not do for V. Jfiliformis, Smith, a species from the Caucasus and Asia Minor, with which Richard identified it. Imperfectly known species. 10. V. Gunee, Schweinf. in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 380. Wile Land. Abyssinia: on Mount Guna,at the source of the Reb River, 10800 ft., Steudner, 811. Allied to V. glandulosa and V. Mannii. The branches are decumbent, with small shortly stalked roundish-obovate leaves. 37. MELASMA, Berg.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 966. Calyx campanulate, 10-ribbed, 5-lobed, enlarged, inflated and dry in fruit, angular; lobes erect, equal, valvate. Corolla tubular-cam- panulate, much longer than the calyx, not marcescent, 5-lobed ; lobes imbricate. Stamens 4, didynamous or nearly equal, included ; anther- cells parallel, distinct, apiculate or acuminate. Disk annular, fleshy. Ovary glabrous. Style clavate or flattened, persistent, exserted from the calyx. Capsule included in the calyx, loculicidal. Seeds very numerous, linear-cuneate or clavate, straight or curved, truncate at the unequal ends, 1-14 lin. long; outer testa transparent, very coarse- celled, about three times as long as the nearly central nucleus.—Coarse, hispid or hairy, erect, apparently not parasitic herbs, 2 or 3 ft. high. eaves opposite, or alternate in the inflorescence, sessile or nearly so, entire or toothed, usually larger than in the leafy species of Alectra. Inflorescence usually loose. Flowers relatively large, solitary in the axils of the leaves or bracts, distinctly pedicellate; pedicels often long ; bracteoles 2, variously placed.—Velvitsia, Hiern in Cat. Afr. PI. Welw. i. 771. 362 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN).- | Jelasma. Species 5, lin South Africa, 3 in Tropical America. The author of Velvitsia does not point out its differential characters, but he places it next Bopusia (Graderia). We can only regard V. calycina as a congener of Melasma scabrum, which has quite the same kind of calyx in the fruiting stage. It is perhaps open to question whether Melasma rhinanthoides, Benth., should be retained in the genus, See the remarks under Alectra. 1. M. calycinum, /emsl. An erect, perennial herb, scabrid in nearly all parts. Rootstock woody. Stems 14 to 2 ft. high, rigid, straight, angular, sparingly branched, Leaves opposite or upper ones alternate, very shortly stalked, thin, very rigid, strongly veined, lanceo- late or oval-oblong, 14—3 in. long, obtuse or rounded at the tip, more or less narrowed towards the base, very rough, remotely denticulate. Inflorescence } to 1 ft. long; lower pedicels about 1 in. long, shorter upwards. Floral leaves or bracts nearly 2 in. long, smaller upwards. Bracteoles narrow about as long as the calyx and close under it. Calyx about 9 lin. long in fruit, hemispherical, inflated, 10-nerved, net-veined, scabrid ; lobes deltoid, acute. Corolla verging on pale yellow, veined with violet. Capsule oval, pointed, compressed. Seeds about } in. long.— Velvitsia calycina, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 771. Lower Guinea. Huilla : in moist thickets near Ohai, towards Lopollo, 5000 ft., Welwitsch, 1263 ! Description partly from Hiern, who states that the chief part of it was taken from Welwitsch’s notes. 38. ALECTRA, Thunb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 966. Calyx campanulate, not enlarged in fruit, 10-nerved or 10-ribbed, equally nearly 5-lobed ; lobes usually about as long as the tube, acute. Corolla very thin, longitudinally veined, early marcescent, persistent with- in the calyx around the ripe capsule, narrowly campanulate, slightly ob- lique, usually not more than a third longer than the calyx, nearly equally d-lobed ; lobes rounded, recurved during the short period of expansion, then tightly twisted up. Stamens 4, didynamous, sometimes nearly equal, attached below the middle of the corolla, included ; filaments all bearded or only the two longer ones, or all glabrous ; anthers connivent or convergent in pairs; cells equal or unequal, apiculate or obtuse. Ovary glabrous ; style clavate above the middle, recurved, rolled up with the stamens in the persistent corolla. Capsule globose or com- pressed, included in the calyx, loculicidal, Seeds very numerous, linear-cuneate or clavate, straight or curved, truncate at the ends, about 3-1 lin. long; outer testa transparent, very coarse-celled, about six times as long as the ovoid or conoid, nearly central nucleus.— Annual or perennial, erect, usually hispid herbs, parasitical on the roots of other plants, often almost leafless, and turning black in drying- Stems simple or branched. Leaves opposite or alternate, small, sessile or shortly stalked, entire or toothed. Inflorescence usually dense. Flowers small, usually yellow, veined with brown or red, solitary in the Alectra.| | XCII. SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 363 axils of the leaves or bracts, sessile or very shortly stalked, with two small bracteoles close under the calyx. Species many, the others in Madagascar, Tropical Asia and South America. Several recent writers on the Scrophulariacee have reduced Alectra to Melasma, without, so far as we know, discussing the reasons. Alectra was founded on A. capensis, Thunb., which has subsessile flowers; a calyx that does not become in- tlated in fruit; a striped, marcescent, persistent corolla, and a clavate, recurved style. Apparently all the species of Alectra, as here limited, are root-parasites. Melasma was founded on the South African M. scabra, Berg., which has distinctly stalked flowers ; the calyx grows out very much in fruit; the corolla is early deciduous, and the style is exserted from the calyx. The American species presents most of the same characteristics. It is true, however, that the distinctive characters given are not always all constant; but it seems better to follow Bentham in retain- ing both genera. With the exception of A. capensis, the species of Alectra have relatively much smaller flowers than those of Melasma ; and it is impossible to give the shape of the corolla, and only approximately its size, from dried specimens. Apparantly the expansion is of very short duration, when it sbrivels aud twists up, enclosing the stamens and style. The species of Melasma are not any of them root-parasites so far as we can tell. Although we have taken a different view from previous writers of the limits of some of the species of Alectra, we are not satisfied that we have always errived at correct conclusions. ‘The following key leaves much to be desired, but it is the best we could make from the materials, which in several instances consist of a single im- perfect specimen. * Almost leafless; drying black. Filaments bearded; anther-cells not apiculate. Dwarf tleshy-coloured stems ; leaves reduced to small scales. Plant deep crimson calyx-lobes apiculate - LAS atrosanguinea. Plant orange-purple ; calyx-lobes obtuse Pat pane I Welwitschit. Plant purple-red ; calyx-lobes obtuse. . 3. A. Bainesit. A foot or more high bearing few small leaves. Stems simple or branching only from the base, oo. Slender ; flowers few, relatively small - 4A, kilimandjarica. Robust ; flowers numerous, relatively large. 5. A. parvifolia. Stems bearing a number of s'ender branches ee near the middle. - : ‘ . G. A. Kirkii. Filaments glabrous ; anther-cells obtuse. A foot or more high, bearing few, small leaves. Stems angular. . Leaves less than 1 in. long : : SA. parasitica. Leaves more than Lin.long. : . 8. A. hirsuta. Stems terete - : : 9. A. hippocrepandra. ** Leafy. Anther-cells not apiculate. Filaments bearded. ‘ .) i i inear-lanceolate SS asynnise > panes A 3 : : 10, A. lancifolia. Stems slender, branched; leaves elliptic, or lanceolate-obtuse . - . : . Ll. A. pieta. 364 XC1I. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ A lectra. Filaments glabrous. Stems relatively stout, much-branched from the base ; branches erect; leaves oblong- lanceolate, not acuminate . : . 12. A. Vogelit. Anther-cells apiculate. Very hispid; hairs tuberculate. Stems rigid, erect; leaves spreading. 5 algh, Stems rigid, erect; leaves fleshy, adpressed . 14. Stems very short and slender; leaves sessile, A. asperrima, A less than in. long. : 15. A. virgata. A A . rigida. Very dwarf, branching from the base: leaves more than $ in. long . : : Very hispid ; hairs not tuberculate; stems long, weak ; leaves oblong-lanceolate . : ef Hairy or slightly hispid. Stems usually simple, slender, usually less * than a foot high. Leaves lanceolate to orbicular, obscurely toothed . ‘ ; : : . 18, A. senegalensis. Leaves cordate, obscurely toothed . . 19. A. cordata, Stems rigid, usually more than a foot high ; leaves coarsely toothed. Stems simple or with few, erect branches ; leaves sessile, cordate-ovate, adpressed 20. A. melampyroides. Stems much branched; leaves stalked, oblong-lanceolate, spreading “ . 21. A. communis. . aurantiaca. . trinervis. ps ps 1. A. atrosanguinea, Hemsl. An annual root-parasite, about 7 in. high, Root orange or dark crimson. Stem branched, glabrate, orange, soon turning dark crimson at the base. Leaves few, small, seale-like, rather fleshy, deep crimson. Flowers in terminal spikes. Spikes about 2 in. long, erect; bracts shorter than the flowers. Calyx broadly campanulate, somewhat hispid, 10-nerved, deep crimson, Shortly 5-lobed, about 4 in. long; lobes broadly ovate-triangular, apiculate. Corolla nearly rotate, scarcely exceeding the calyx, orange yellow; lobes 5, somewhat spreading, obtuse. Stamens inserted at the base of the corolla, nearly equal ; filaments glabrous or (according to Welwitsch) pilose, not densely bearded.—IMelasma atrosanguinewm, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 769. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in thickets between Sansamanda and Caghuy, Welwitsch, 5853 ! This species was founded upon a fragment, which looks different from anything else we have seen. The description is from Hiern, 2. A. Welwitschii, Hemsi. A parasitic, brown, leafless, puberu- lous, herb like a broomrape. Rhizome thick, fleshy, yellow inside. Stem simple or slightly branched, 4—7 in. high, bearing a few obtuse scales less than } in. long, and florescent in the upper quarter, orange purple at the base, dusky purple upwards. Flowers orange, densely crowded, nearly sessile. Bracts oblong, obtuse, shorter than the flowers, Bracteoles subulate, about =, in. long. Calyx campanulate, 2 Alectra.] | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 365 about fin. long, dusky purple, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes lanceolate- oblong, rather obtuse, shorter than the tube. Corolla about $ in. long, longitudinally striate ; tube very short, not constricted; limb 5-lobed ; lobes spathulate, somewhat concave, spreading. Filaments densely bearded ; anther-cells not apiculate Melasma Welwitschii, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 769. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; in sandy places by the River Bero, near Cavalheiros, Welwitsch, 5812! Description partly from Hiern, 3. A. Bainesii, Hemsi. A parasitic almost leafless, nearly glabrous herb about 6 in. high, turning black in drying. Stem of the only specimen seen having two lateral branches; scales few and very small, Flowers small, crowded on the upper half of the stem, subsessile. Bracts ovate, obtuse, 3-4 lin. long. Bracteoles oblong- spathulate, shorter than the calyx, obtuse. Calyx hispid, campanulate, nearly equally 5-lobed, about 4 lin. long ; lobes deltoid, obtuse, shorter than the tube. Corolla glabrous, 4—5 lin. long, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes spathulate, rounded at the top, undulate, strongly veined, three times as long as the tube, the two upper larger than the others. Stamens nearly equal ; filaments very short, bearded close under the anthers; anther-cells oblong, slightly unequal, obtuse. Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Koobie (Kobis) to North Shaw Valley, Baines ! _ 4. A. kilimandjarica, Hemsi. An almost leafless, puberulous, slightly hispid root-parasite, changing black in drying. Stems slender, erect, puberulous, 5-15 in. high, few-flowered, simple or with two or three erect branches from near the base. Leaves mostly scale-like and very small, hispid, largest } in. long, lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, obscurely toothed. Racemes loose when fully grown out. Floral leaves or bracts oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, shorter than the almost sessile flowers. Bracteoles linear, shorter than the calyx, persistent. Calyx hispid, about } in. long, 10-ribbed, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes triangular, rather obtuse, more hairy on the margin, posterior largest. Corolla about twice as long as the calyx, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes rounded, Shorter than the tube, 3-veined. Stamens nearly equal, inserted near the middle of the tube; filaments slender, slightly bearded ; anthers nearly equal and parallel. Ovary glabrous ; style clavate, recurved.— Melasma orobanchoides, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 359. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Amboni, Holst, 2803! Lake Chala, Volkens, 325! This may possibly prove not to be specifically different from A. orobanchoides, Benth., but we prefer to avoid further confusion. The type of the latter is different in aspect, has smaller flowers, and relatively shorter bracteoles, and there may be other differences which better material would bring to light. Under the name of Alectra orobanchoides (Melasma orobanchoides, Engler) botanists have included about half a dozen forms which we regard as distinct species. A, orobanchoides, Benth. (DC. Prodr. x. 340) was founded on specimens collected 366 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Alectra. by Drége, near Durban, at an elevation of less than 100 ft. It has slender, simple stems (or is only branched from the base). bearing few, very small flowers ; besides presenting other differences. The only other specimen we have identified with this species is Galpin’s No. 847, from near Barberton, Transvaal, at an elevation of 2800-3000 ft. Among the extratropical South African specimens referred to A. orobanchoides there are perhaps one. or two other distinct species. A. pumila, Benth., from numerous localities, is uniformly dwarf and tufted. The Abyssinian A. parasitica, Rich., which has also been referred to A. orobanchoides, differs entirely in habit and in having glabrous filaments. 5, A. parvifolia, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. (1890) 195. An almost Jeafless, hispid root-parasite, changing black in drying. Stems simple or slightly branched from near the base, sometimes. clustered, about a foot high. Leaves few, distant, opposite in the lower part of the stem, but mostly alternate, sessile, rather thick, ovate- oblong, largest about 4 in. long, obtuse. Flowers numerous, crowded, distinctly pedicellate ; lower pedicels } in. long. Bracts similar to the leaves, shorter than the flowers. Bracteoles filiform, about half as long as the calyx. Calyx hispid, about 3-4 lin. long, 10-costate, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes ovate, obtuse, hairy on both sides. Corolla 3 in. or more across, 15-nerved ; lobes nearly equal, rounded. Stamens nearly equal; filamentsall strongly bearded; anther-cells nearly equal, slightly oblique, obtuse.—Celsia parvifolia, Engl. Jahrb. x. 252. Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz, Monteiro! Damaraland : near Usakos, 3000 ft. Marloth, 1273! Upingtonia, Schinz, 12! Specimens collected in Ngamiland by Mrs. Lugard, 186, and Captain E. J. Lugard, 171, may also belong to this species. 6. A. Kirkii, Hemsi. An erect, almost leafless, or slightly hispid pubescent, parasitic herb, changing black in drying. Stem 1~2 ft. high, straight, }-} in. thick at the base, usually bearing a few slender, short branches about the middle, floriferous two-thirds of its length. Leaves few, alternate, mostly-scale-like; lower adpressed, rounded; upper narrow, lanceolate, somewhat acute, longest about 3 in, Flowers numer- ous but not overlapping; lower distinctly pedicellate. Bracts similar to the leaves, adnate to the base of the pedicels, shorter than the flowers. Bracteoles linear, shorter than the calyx, persistent. Calyx thin, hispid, less than } in. long, 10-nerved, almost equally 5-lobed; lobes deltoid, scarcely acute, shorter than the tube. Corolla less than $ in. long. Filaments all hairy; anther-cells nearly equal, obtuse, Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa ; Usambara, Scheffler, 131! Umba Valley, Smith! Zambesi Delta: Kongone River, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Plateau of Mount Zomba, 5000-6000 ft., Whyte ! This is one of several species that have been referred to A. orobanchoides, Benth., from which it is quite different in habit and larger flowers. 7. A. parasitica, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 117. An almost leafless root-parasite, changing black in drying. Stems slender, erect, Alectra.} | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 367 puberulous, 8-16 in. high, flowering part 3-9 in. long; branches few from near the base, erect. Leaves mostly scale-like and very small, hispid, largest 4 in. long, lanceolate-oblong, acute. Racemes rather loose. Floral leaves or bracts linear, acute, shorter than the shortly pedicellate flowers. Bracteoles subulate, }-} the length of the calyx, persistent. Calyx slightly oblique, } in. long, 10-ribbed, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes shorter than the tube, deltoid, acute. Corolla about } in. long, glabrous; lobes nearly equal, rotundate, rather longer than the tube, 3-veined. Stamens nearly equal; filaments short, slender, glabrous; anther-cells slightly unequal, parallel, obtuse.—Glossostylis parasitica, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. F]. Abyss. ii. 117. Mile Land. Abyssinia: Tacazze Valley, Schimper, 1464! This has also been referred by some botanists to 4. orobanchoides, Benth. 8. A. hirsuta, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 221. Herbaceous, erect, hispid in nearly all parts. Stem short, angular as well as the branches. Leaves opposite, or alternate in the inflorescence, sessile, rigid ; lower oblong, obtuse, nearly entire, narrowed to the base, 1} in. long, } in.wide ; upper lanceolate, 3 to 1} in. long, } to } in. wide, subacute, sparsely toothed. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves or bracts, pedicellate. Bracteoles leaf-like, narrow, oblong. Calyx obliquely campanulate, 5-lobed; lobes ovate, somewhat obtuse. Corolla globose, campanulate, bright yellow veined with purple; limb obliquely 5-lobed with obtuse lobes. Stamens and style included. Ovary glabrous. Valves of the open capsule bifid. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Sena, Peters, We have seen no authenticated specimens of this species, but Gossweiler’s 666 from Cazengo, Angola, may perhaps beloug to it. 9. A. hippocrepandra, Hemsl. An erect, branched or simple, green parasitic hispid herb, 1-2 ft. high. Root tuberous with orange-cinnabar rootlets. Lower leaves scale-like ovate. Stem-leaves nearly sessile, opposite or alternate, ovate or oblong, the largest 1 in. long by 4 in. broad, usually with a few small teeth on each side. Flowers nearly sessile, solitary in the axils of alternate bracts, in dense terminal racemes, 6 in. long, or more. Bract lanceolate, obtuse, longer than the calyx. Bracteoles 2, minute. Calyx hispid, campanulate, about } in. wide and long, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes triangular. Corolla gla- brous, longitudinally striate, not much longer than the calyx ; tube not distinctly constricted at the top; limb oblique, of 5 spreading spathu- late lobes. Stamens 4, included ; filaments filiform, glabrous ; anther- cells obtuse, horseshoe-shaped, pilose on the back. Ovary globose, gla- brous; style thicker, clavate, recurved.—Melasma hippocrepandrum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 768. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; infecting crops of Arachis, Wel- witseh, 5900 ! Description mainly from Hiern. 10. A. lancifolia, Hemsl. An “annual,” erect, slightly hispid 368 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Alectra. herb, 1-14 ft. high. Stems slender, straight, unbranched. Leaves opposite, or alternate in the inflorescence, shortly stalked, linear-lanceo- late, 1-i? in. long, }-} in. wide, scarcely acute, 3-nerved, entire or furnished with a few small teeth, longer than the internodes. Flowers “‘ yellow ;” floral-leaves or bracts shorter than the calyx, linear or almost filiform ; bracteoles much longer than the flowers. Calyx thin, cam- panulate, 1-4 in. long, 10-ribbed, nearly equally 5-lobed, setulose on the ribs and margin; lobes deltoid, acuminate, acute, as long as the tube. Corolla about 4 in. long, longitudinally 15-nerved, not net-veined, Stamens nearly equal; longer filaments strongly bearded ; anther-cells nearly equal, obtuse.— Melasma indicum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 767, but not Alectra indica, Benth. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo ; in moist plantations of Manioc, near Calunga, Welwitsch, 5849! 11. A. picta, Hemsi. An annual, parasitic, erect, hispid herb, 4-12 in. high. Rootlets of rhizome bright orange. Stem branching from the orange-coloured base. Branches at an angle of about 45 degrees. Leaves rather thick and rigid, lower stalked, opposite, upper alternate, elliptic to linear, 3-1} in. long, obtuse or rotundate, often with a few obscure teeth. Flowers solitary in the axils of the alternate leafy bracts, which are gradually smaller upwards. Pedicels shorter than the calyx. Bracteoles linear. Calyx hispid, campanulate, about 4 in, in diam., equally 5-lobed ; lobes triangular, obtuse, equalling the tube, costate or almost keeled, elegantly veined. Corolla yellow with red lines; tube very short, contracted at the top and then expanded into a campanulate, almost equally 5-lobed limb; lobes rounded. Stamens nearly equalling the corolla; filaments bearded above the middle; anther-cells large, unequal, obtuse, the larger one embracing the smaller in a half spiral; connective of the longer stamens produced above the cells.—Jelasma pictwm, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 770. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; in swampy pastures between Lopollo and ae parasitical on the roots of Leguminose and Convolvulacee, Welwitsch, Description partly from Hiern. 12. A. Vogelii, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 339. An erect herb, 9-18 in. high, somewhat roughly hairy in nearly all parts, branching from the base; branches numerous, straight and crowded, floriferous almost from the base. Radical leaves not seen. Stem-leaves small, bract-like, usually about 1 in. Jong, occasionally as much as 2, bearing solitary flowers in their axils, lanceolate or linear, subacute, entire, triplinerved. Flowers bright orange (Barter), distinctly pedicellate, about $ in. in diam. Floral-leaves or bracts mostly longer than the flowers. Bracteoles spathulate, unequal, the longer nearly equalling the calyx, hispid. Calyx 10-nerved, subcampanulate, almost equally d-lobed ; lobes triangular, rather obtuse, one or more sometimes notched, Alectra. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 369 13-2 lin. long, equalling the tube. Corolla campanulate ; lobes rounded. Filaments glabrous ; anthers horseshoe-shaped, cells not apiculate. Upper Guinea. Lagos, Willen, 172! Northern Nigeria : Borgu, Barter,789! Mount Patteh, Vogel, 186! Lower Guinea. Angola: Boma, Monteiro! Amboland: Olukonda, Schinz, Ay Mozamb. Dist. Melambe River, Zambesi Delta, Kirk! British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 362! Ngamiland : Botletle Valley, Lugard, 210! 13. A. asperrima, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 340. An erect scabrid herb, 6 in. to a foot or more high, apparently a root-parasite. Stems simple or slightly branched. Leaves ovate or oblong, obtuse, 4-1} in. long, sometimes irregularly toothed, very rough on both sur- faces, the bristles having large white tubercular bases. Flowers solitary in the axils of leafy bracts, almost sessile; bracts lanceolate, longer than the flowers, entire or lower one sometimes toothed; bracteoles linear or lanceolate, as long as the calyx. Calyx campanulate, nearly equally 5-lobed, enlarging in fruit, nearly } in. long, very rough with tubercular bristles, and more or less distinctly 10-ribbed ; lobes deltoid,. about as long as the tube. Corolla not seen perfect. Filaments gla- brous, dilated ; anther-cells apiculate-—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. ak Glossostylis asperrima, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. ai. Nile Land. Eritrea: Mount Alam Kale, north-west of Aidereso. Schweinfurth, 1631! Abyssinia: Haramat; foot of Mount Amba Zion (Tsion), near Geraz, Schimper, 1094! Somaliland, Mrs. Lort Phillips! Uganda: Nandi, 7000 to 8000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7013 ! 14. A. rigida, Hemsi. An erect, hispid, apparently annual parasitic herb, 9-18 in. high. Stem rather slender, rigid, simple or bearing few erect branches, florescent only towards the tips. Leaves all opposite, sessile, thick, rigid, adpressed to the stem, beset, especially on the edge, with white tubercular bristles, linear-lanceolate or oblong, 3-1 in. long, obtuse, usually having 3 or 4 small, thickened, glandular teeth on each side. Flowers about } in. in diam., solitary and almost sessile in the axils of opposite, or sometimes alternate, ovate bracts, bidentate above the middle, about as long as the calyx; bracteoles 2, linear, equalling the calyx-tube. Calyx pubescent outside, campanulate, 3-4 lin. long, 10-ribbed, 5-lobed ; lobes unequal, shorter than the tube, rather obtuse. Corolla glabrous, 5-6 lin. long, longitudinally veined ~ tube about 14 lin. long, constricted at the top and then expanding into an oblique, 5-lobed limb. Stamens 4; filaments filiform, glabrous anther-cells slightly divergent, apiculate.-—Melasma rigidum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 767. rie Guinea. JHuilla: between Ivantala and Quilengues, Welwitsch,. 5797! Description partly from Hiern. 15. A. virgata, Hemsi. A hispid perennial, Stems erect, about 6 in. high, very slender, rigid, leafy throughout. Leaves all opposite, VOL, IV,—SEC, 2. 2B 370 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Alectra. sessile, rigid, thick, ovate-oblong or lanceolate, the largest about 4 in. long, equalling the internodes, rather obtuse, entire or furnished witha pair of small teeth near the middle, setulose, especially on the margin and midrib on the underside. Flowers solitary in the axils of the oppo- site leaves or bracts, very shortly pedicellate; floral-leaves or bracts shorter than the flowers, similar to the leaves; bracteoles linear- lanceolate, about 2 lin. long, setulose. Calyx hispid, about 4 in, long, 10-ribbed, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes oblong, obtuse, shorter than the tube. Corolla about } in. long, narrow-campanulate, constricted close above the ovary; lobes very short, rounded, notched. Stamens nearly equal; filaments filiform, bearded close under the anthers ; anther-cells almost equal, mucronulate. Upper Guinea. Lagos: Yoruba, Willson. Our specimens are evidently full length, as one at least has roots, but they may be from starved plants, and the normal dimensions may be larger. 16. A. aurantiaca, Hemsl. An annual, parasitic herb, rough with warted or tubercled bristles, interspersed with softer hairs, 2-4 in. high, branching from the base. ‘Primary stem subterranean, bright orange in colour”; branches slender, alternate. Leaves crowded, apparently all alternate, sessile, rather thick, narrow-lanceolate or spathulate, the longest about 1 in. long, obtuse tapering to the base, few-toothed. Flowers shortly pedicellate, yellow, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves or bracts, about 3 in. long; bracts similar to the leaves, longer than the flowers, smaller upwards, adnate to the base of the pedicel; bracteoles linear, acute, about } in. long, thinly clothed, as well as the calyx, with long soft hairs. Calyx thin, about 4 in. long, 10-nerved, nearly equally 5-lobed; lobes triangular, scarcely acute, about as long as the tube. Corolla obliquely campanulate, about Zin. long, veined, 5-lobed; lobes rounded. Stamens nearly equal; filaments all bearded, the longer very strongly ; anther-cells slightly unequal, apiculate. Ovary glabrous; style longer than the stamens, club-shaped above the middle, strongly recurved.—Bopusia scabra, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 772, not of Presl. Lower Guinea. Mossamedes: in sandy, moist, and bushy ‘places by the River Bero, Welwitsch, 5809! This has the characters of Alectra, including yellow flowers, a marcescent, per- sistent corolla, and a clavate, recurved style. Bopusia scabra, Presl (Graderia scabra, Benth.), also differs in being perennial and woody at the base and in having pink flowers and a deciduous corolla. 17. A. trinervis, Hemsl. An erect, hispid, not tuberculate, herb, 8-15 in. high. Stems slender, weak, simple or forked. Leaves opposite, except in the inflorescence, distinctly stalked, rather thick, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, or the lowermost smaller and nearly orbicular, largest scarcely 1} in. long, obtuse or rounded, entire or with a few small teeth, 3-nerved, hispid on both surfaces, Flowers few, shortly pedicellate, about din. long. Bracts or floral-leaves ovate-oblong, mostly as long as the flowers. Bracteoles shorter than the calyx, linear. Calyx softly Alectra. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACE# (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 371 pubescent, thin, indistinctly 10-nerved, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes broadly triangular, somewhat obtuse, about as long as the tube. Corolla veined longitudinally, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes shorter than the tube, rounded. Stamens 4, nearly equal ; filaments filiform, all bearded ; anther-cells equal, apiculate. Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, Gossweiler, 378! 18. A. senegalensis, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. 339. An erect more or less hispid, apparently annual herb. Stems slender, simple or with a few erect branches, 6 in.to 2 ft. high. Leaves opposite, except in the inflorescence, very shortly stalked, rather thick, very variable in shape; lower smaller, orbicular or ovate; upper ovate or lanceolate, }—1 in. long, rounded, obtuse or acute, entire or with a few teeth, 3-nerved. Flowers not very numerous, about } in. long, very shortly pedicellate ; bracts or floral leaves mostly longer than the flowers; bracteoles fili- form, or broadest at the tip, almost as long as the calyx, ciliate. Calyx campanulate, distinctly 10-nerved, ciliate on the margin and along the nerves, nearly equally 3-lobed; lobes as long as the tube, acuminate, acute. Corolla about a third longer than the calyx. Stamens very unequal; filaments filiform, the longer ones bearded; anther-cells nearly equal, apiculate.—Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 209. Melasma indicum, Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, reprint 58 and 65 ; Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 381; not Alectra indica, Benth. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Leprieur, 9, 10! Heudelot, 787! Gambia, Brown-Lester, 7! 27! Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 5000-7000 ft., Mann, 1262! 1985 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 8945! British Central Africa : N yasaland ; Namasi, Cameron, 52! 19. A, cordata, Benth. in DC. Prodr, x. 339. An erect herb, 4-8 in. high, slightly roughly hairy. Stems very slender, simple or having one or two pairs of branches. Radical leaves not seen. Stem leaves all opposite, sessile or very shortly stalked, thin, cordate-ovate or cordate-elliptic, obtuse or rotundate; upper ones ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute; all 3- or 4-toothed on each side, $1} in. long, 3- nerved. Flowers very shortly pedicellate. Floral-leaves or bracts longer than the flowers. Bracteoles linear, acuminate, nearly as long as the calyx, coarsely hairy. Calyx nearly equally 5-lobed, 10-ribbed, ribs and margins furnished with a few coarse hairs; lobes deltoid, about 4 in. long, acute, margins thickened. Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx. Filaments and anthers of the longer stamens bearded ; anther- cells apiculate.—Glossostylis cordata, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii, 116. Melasma cordatum, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 358. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Gafta, Schimper, 1229! The Indian specimens formerly referred to this species prove to be A. indica, th. 2 20. A, melampyroides, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 339. An erect, pilose, slightly hispid, apparently annual herb. Stems slender, very 372 XCII, SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Alectra. straight, stiff, simple or with a few erect branches, 6-18 in. high. Leaves sessile, rather thick, almost erect and pressed against the stem, 3-3 in. long; the lower broadly ovate, opposite, lowermost gradually smaller downwards, almost orbicular; the upper lanceolate, alternate ; all, except the lowermost, coarsely toothed (teeth in the dried state hooked in the upper ones), acute, rounded or cuneate at the base, mostly longer than the internodes, 3—5-nerved; nerves prominent below. Bracts sometimes shorter than the flowers, with about three long hooked teeth on each side, ciliolate. Bracteoles subulate, hooked, nearly as long asthe calyx. Flowers few, very shortly pedicellate, 4-} in. long. Calyx glabrous except the ciliolate margin, }-4 in. long, almost equally 5-lobed ; lobes about as long as the tube, hooked, ciliolate. Corolla considerably longer than the calyx; lobes rounded. Stamens very unequal ; filaments of the longer ones bearded ; anther-cells apicu- late.— Melasma sessiliflorum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 767, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 375. M. indicum, Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb., Exp. 364, but not Alectra indica, Benth. Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla; at the base of Morro de Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5802! Kampuluve stream, Bawm, 738! Kubango River, between Kavanga and Kalolo, Baum, 424 ! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland; top of Mount Zomba, Buchanan, 293 ! Also widely spread in South Africa. Welwitsch’s 5801 may also belong to this species, but it has spreading leaves, and the specimen is too young for satisfactory determination, but as the corolla is described as galeate-bilabiate it may belong to @ different genus, perhaps to Bartsia. Melasma indicum, var. monticolum, Engl. (Jahrb, xxx. 402) is probably a variety of Alectra melampyroides. 21. A. communis, //emsi. An erect, pubescent, slightly hispid herb, Stem rather stout, 1-2 ft. high, with numerous short, slender branches from about the middle. Leaves narrowed into a short petiole, opposite, except in the inflorescence, spreading, rather thick, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, usually 1-14 (occasionally 2) in. long, scarcely acute, coarsely and distantly toothed, teeth thickened at the tips, 3-nerved nearly to the tip. Flowers usually very numerous, crowded, shortly pedicellate. Bracts leaf-like, usually much longer than the flowers. Bracteoles almost filiform, setulose, somewhat shorter than the calyx or equalling it. Calyx setulose, outer ribs and margin broadly campanulate, 10-ribbed, net-veined ; lobes triangular, acuml nate, longer than the tube. Corolla little longer than the calyx. Stamens unequal; filaments of the longer ones bearded ; anther-cells: slightly unequal, apiculate. Upper Guinea. Liberia: Kaka town, Whyte! Wile Land. Uganda: Mawokota, Brown, 191! Kavirondo, Whyte! Mozamb. Distr. British Central Africa; Nyasaland; Masuku and Tan- ganyika Plateau, Whyte! Mount Chiradzulu, Whyte! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 151! Manganja hills, Kirk / and without exact locality, Buchanan! Under favourable conditions this is a robust plant probably three or four feet high. Buchanan describes it as a “large bush.” In herbaria it has been confused with A, melampyroides, Benth. Gerardiina.| XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 373 39, GERARDIINA, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 507, t. 10, G—M. Calyx campanulate, almost equally 5-toothed ; teeth shorter than the tube, valvate. Corolla obliquely campanulate, slightly 2-lipped ; lobes rounded, spreading or recurved; lowermost largest, the two upper inside in bud. Stamens 4, included and attached near the base of the corolla-tube, the anterior pair nearly twice as long as the posterior ; filaments of the longer ones bearded above the middle ; anther-cells nearly equal, divergent. Style glabrous, thickened and recurved near the apex, slightly exserted. Ovules very numerous. Capsule ovoid, equalling the calyx, 2-celled, many-seeded. Seeds linear or linear-cuneiform.—An erect herb. Leaves opposite, undivided. Flowers showy in terminal racemes. A monotypic genus, also occurs in South Africa. 1. G. angolensis, Zngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 507, t.10,G—M. A perennial, hispid, erect herb. Stems rigid, straight, unbranched, 2-3 ft. high, terete or flattened in the upper part; internodes much shorter than the leaves. Leaves opposite, sessile, thick, rigid, hispid, especially on the upper surface and along the nerves, linear-lanceolate, 2—4 in. long ; lower ones rounded or obtuse ; upper acute, erect or adpressed to the stem, strongly 3-nerved. Racemes 4-6 in. long; pedicels very slender, slightly exceeding the bracts. Flowers purple-violet or violet- blue (Welwitsch), about 1 in. long and broad, solitary in the axils of Opposite, cordate, stem-clasping, usually 2-3 lin. long bracts. Calyx thickly minutely glandular-pitted, about } in.in diam. ; lobes deltoid or rounded. Corolla-tube hairy on the inside at the base of the upper lip ; lobes nearly semicircular, two upper smallest and about half as large as the lowermost.—Hiern in Cat: Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 770; and in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii, 378; Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 365. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; by the Lopollo and Humpata streams, Welwitsch, 5846 ! by the River Longa, below Napalanka, 3800 ft., Baum, 582; Malange, Gossweiler, 1279! Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nutt! British Central Africa : Kambole, south-west of Lake Tanganyika, 5000 ft., Nutt / This has also been collected in the Transvaal, Rehmann, 5995. 40. BUCHNERA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 968. Calyx tubular, 10- (rarely 7- or 8~) nerved or ribbed, the nerves inte times very faint or quite obscured, 5- (more rarely 4-) toothed. bones tube slender, straight or slightly incurved ; limb spreading, subequally 5-fid ; lobes usually flat, the 2 upper inside. — Stamens 4, reoahaaen ce included ; anthers l-celled, vertical, dorsifixed; connective usually mucronate at the apex. Style thickened or clavate above, ee at the entire or emarginate apex. Ovules numerous In each cell. Capsule oblong, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, loculicidal ; valves coriaceous, 374 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). — [ Buchnera. entire, separating from the placentas. Seeds very many, obovoid or oblong; testa reticulate—Herbs often parasitic and drying black, usually seabrid and rigid. “Leaves opposite or sometimes rosulate below, usually alternate above, simple, entire or toothed, the lower rather broad ; the upper narrower and passing into bracts. Flowers solitary in the axils of bracts, usually sessile, nearly always 2-bracteolate, crowded or distant in terminal spikes, very rarely solitary in the axils of the leaves, blue or violet, white, rose or rarely scarlet.—Stellularia, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1318. Benthamistella, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 458. Species about 78, in the warmer parts of both hemispheres. * Flowers in dense subglobose ovoid quadrangular or cylindric usually short spikes or heads, which do not elongate, or only slightly, in fruit; stems erect. + Spikes simple. t Bracts all close together. Spikes, especially in fruit, distinctly quad- rangular. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, usually 1 in. long or more. Bracteoles present ; corolla-limb 3-34 lin. in diam. ose Bracts all entire . c é . 1. B. lippioides. Bracts, at least the upper, 3-toothed or -lobed . : : x . 2. B. trilobata. Bracteoles absent; coroila-limb 14 lin. indiam. . : . 5 . 3. B, ruwenzoriensis- Leaves linear or subulate, 2-34 lin. long . 4. B. quadrifaria. Spikes not distinctly quadrangular. § Spikes short, as broad or nearly as broad as long. Plants rather smalland slender, usually with narrow leaves and small spikes. Corolla-limb 4 or 5 lin. in diam. Spikes glabrous except the ciliolate bracts : : . 5. B. ciliolata. Spikes distinctly hairy , - 6. B, humilis. Corolla-limb only 2 or 8 lin. in diam. Calyx 14 lin. long; teeth ob- scure ; corolla-tube 14—12 lin. : long . . : ‘ . 7. B. angolensis. Calyx 3 lin. long; teeth distinct, 3 lin. long; corolla-tube 3 lin, long . : ° . 8. B. minutiflora. Plants usually more than 1 ft. high with rather broad leaves and large spikes. Spikes covered with long white silky hairs. 3 : . 9. B. splendens- ies) Or Buchnera.] Xci1. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). Spikes without long white silky hairs, usually hispidly hairy. Spikes up to 7 lin. broad; bracts 12-3 lin. long; corolla-tube 14-34 lin. long. Calyx 5-toothed; corolla-tube 14-24 lin. long, more or less pilose. Leaves entire or rarely toothed ; spikes short, rarely up to 14 in. long Leaves often distinctly toothed; spikes up to 2} in. long. : Calyx 4-toothed ; conan about 34 lin. long, glabrous 12. Spikes 7 lin. broad; bracts 3- 5 lin. long ; corolla- tube 44- 5 lin. long . Spikes 9 lin. broad or more ; a 33-44 lin, long. Calyx 24 lin. long; teeth scarcely more than 3 lin. long 5 Calyx 32-47? lin. long ; teeth 1-2 lin. long . . §§ Spikes rather long and slender, usually much longer than broad. Stem leaves 2—74 lin. long. Stem leaves very few (only 1-3 pairs and in B. attenuata 2 or 3 odd ones); calyx 24-3 lin, long. Bracts ovate, 1} lin. long; corolla- tube 3 lin. long . 1G: Bracts lanceolate, 5 lin. long; tube 5-6 lin. long Stem leaves in several pairs; calyx only 1-1} lin. long. . Stem leaves usually J in. long or more, Bracts 1-24 lin. long, as broad or nearly as broad : as long. Spikes almost glabrous: bracts 2-24 lin. long . c Spikes rather densely hairy ; bracts about 1 lin. long Bracts usually more than 24 lin. long, much longer than broad. Calyx-teeth 4 . 5 ° - 21. Calyx-teeth 5. Plant nearly glabrous . 22 Plant distinctly hairy. Stemsleafy . . 23 Stems very sparingly leafy. 10. Sek. colo: S14. = lb. 5 alee - 18. = 19. 20s B. capitata. B. paucidentata. B. affinis. B. quangensis. B. subcapitata. B. pulchra. B, attenuata, B. rungwensis. B. strictissima. B. ensifolia. B. latibracteata. B., crassifolia, . B. namuliensis. . B. Welwitschii-. 376 Spikes densely and softly hairy . Spikes more sparingly and rather hispidly hairy. Corolla-limb only 14 lin, in diam. Corolla-limb about 4 lin. in diam. +t Bracts close together in the upper part of the spike, a few at the base more or less distant. Plant 14 ft. high. : : . Plant only 14-22 in. high . : +t Spikes or heads compound, at ieast at the base. Flowers in very dense heads; plants 4-14 ft. high or more, hispidly hairy. 25. - 20. 5s Ate . 28. Stem sparingly leafy ; flower-heads axillary . 29 Stem very leafy ; flower-heads terminal. Calyx 5-toothed, shortly hairy on the ribs Calyx 4-toothed, long-hairy on the ribs Flowers in a rather loose head; plant about 6 in. high, almost quite glabrous ** Flowers in long often lax and slender spikes, which usually elongate very much in fruit; stems erect, Calyx-teeth 4. Corolla-tube slightly inflated above the calyx Corolla-tube cylindric (not inflated above the calyx). Leaves linear-lanceolate ; spikes 14-2 in. Jong Leaves narrowly linear; spikes 5 in. long Calyx-teeth 5. Spikes continuous even in fruit or only slightly interrupted at the base. Corolla-tube much longer than the calyx; lobes 3—# lin. broad, thick Corolla- es as long as or only slightly longer than the calyx ; lobes #-14 lin. broad, thin. Bracts 8 lin. long, about 2 lin. Jonger than the calyx . . Bracts 4—52 lin. long, shorter to i lin. longer than the calyx : Spikes, especially in fruit, very much interrupted. + Spikes glabrous or nearly so. Stem leaves very narrowly linear. Spike few-flowered ; corolla scarlet or orange-red ; lobes 34—5 lin. long Spike many-flowered; corolla bluish ; lobes 13-24 lin, Jong 4 Stem leaves usually lanceolate, sometimes linear-lanceolate or oblong. Corolla-tube 14-44 lin. long; lobes 4-1} lin. long, 4-1 lin. broad. Plant 9-12 in. high; bracteoles absent ; calyx 1}~2 lin. long OU. 5 Gul . Ose 5 GL: 5 ite . 38. 40. . Al. . 42. XCII. SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). B B. B B . 24. B. reissiana. . Randii. . Poggei. . albiflora. . Ferdickit. . Nuttir. andongensis. . foliosa, . nitida. . nflata. . nigricans. . benthamiana. . tuberosa. . usuiensis. . similis. B. fulgens. iy Baumit. B. humpatensts. | Buchnera. Buchnera.] XC, SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 377 Plant 1-23 ft. high; bracteoles present; calyx 23~44 lin. long. All the leaves lanceolate; bracts 3-5 lin. long, distinetly opposite. : . . 39. B. Lastit. Lower leaves oblong; bracts 14— 24 lin. long, subopposite or alternate : : . 43, B, leptostachya, Corolla-tube 8 lin. long; lobes 5 lin. long and broad . : . . 44, B. speciosa. tf Spikes distinctly hairy. { Corolla-limb 5-7 lin. in diam. Leaves linear or _linear-lanceolate, usually 1 in. long or more. Corolla-tube curved, gradually widened towards the apex . 45. B. longespicata. Corolla-tube straight, cylindric. Plant not or very sparingly branched, 14-13 ft. high . 46. B. pallescens. Plant much branched, dwarf or yarely more than 1 ft. high . 47. B. Henriquesii. Leaves oblong-spathulate, 34-5 lin. long . é . . . . 48. B. multicaulis. tt Corolla-limb 3~4 lin. in diam. beh Plant rather slender, up to 1} ft. high, sparingly — branched ; spikes usually under 6 in, long : flowers not very numerous. 49. B. hispida. Plant robust up to 23 ft. high, much branched ; spikes up to 1 ft. long or more ; flowers very numerous . 50. B. longifolia. 5 ¥ke 1. B. prorepens. lowers axillary, solitary ; stems prostrate . 1. B. lippioides, Vatke in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 68, in key, t. 3, figs. 0, P. An erect pubescent hispid annual herb, 1$-3 ft. high; stem Sumple or branched at the apex, 13-2} lin. thick at the base, leafy; internodes 3-2} in. long. Leaves opposite, narrowly oblong, the lower 2 in. long, 44-74 lin. broad, decreasing in size on the upper part of the stem, obtuse, 3-nerved, somewhat narrowed at the base. Flowers in terminal and axillary quadrangular spikes, 3-1} in. long; bracts ovate to ovate-orbicular, 34-4 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, acute, pilose on the under side, concave, ciliate; bracteoles similar but much narrower. Calyx cylindric, 4-4} lin. long, pilose on the nerves; teeth semi-ovate, 3} lin. long, rather thickened, mucronate. Corolla dark blue; tube »-04 lin, long, very slightly curved, somewhat wider at the top, very Sparingly and minutely glandular-pubescent outside, shortly pilose Inside; lobes suborbicular-obovate, 2}-3 lin. in diam.—Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 368. 2B. trinervia, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii. 512; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 777. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 5883! between Luxillo and Cazella, Welwitsch, 5885! Near Manonge on the Kuebe River 4400 ft., Baum, 849! 378 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchmnera. 2. B. trilobata, Skan. Stems erect, 1 ft. high or more, terete or slightly bisulcate, simple below, sparingly branched near the apex, pubescent with small or minute spreading or deflexed hairs; branches rather short, nearly erect. Leaves opposite or subupposite, lanceolate, 6-10 lin. long, 1-24 lin. broad, narrowed sometimes very slightly at the apex and base, apiculate, entire, pubescent on both sides (more sparingly on the underside). Spikes terminal or lateral, at first subglobose, after- wards narrow and somewhat quadrangular, densely-flowered, up to 1 in. long ; lower bracts ovate-lanceolate, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, acuminate, rather densely pilose ; upper bracts 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, obovate- cuneate below, 3-lobed at the apex, the lateral iobes rounded and denticulate and the central lobe narrowly triangular and acuminate, long-ciliate, partly scarious ; bracteoles lanceolate, 14 lin. long, acumi- nate, long-ciliate. Calyx 2-23 lin. long, 4-toothed, 4-nerved, scarious between the nerves; teeth subulate-lanceolate, 1-14 lin. long, long- ciliate. Corolla white, funnel-shaped, pilose outside; tube 23-34 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, distinctly curved about the middle; limb about 34 lin. in diam.; lobes orbicular to ovate, 1-14 lin. long, 1 lin. broad. Anthers scarcely acute, only 4 lin. long. Style % lin. long. Capsule oblong-ovoid, 14-12 lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau, 7000 ft., MeClounie, 55! and without precise locality, Whyte ! 3. B. ruwenzoriensis, Shan. An erect annual herb about 1 ft. high; stem simple or sparingly branched near the apex, obscurely quadrangular, rather densely pubescent, 14 lin. thick near the base ; internodes short at the base, 14-4 in. long above. Basal leaves oblong, about 1 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad, obtuse, few-toothed, pilose below chiefly on the nerves, scabrid above with small white points ; upper leaves opposite or subopposite, lanceolate, J—1} in. long, 2-24 lin. broad, obtuse or acute, 3-nerved, pubescent and scabrid like the basal leaves, entire. Spikes terminal or lateral, quadrangular, }-1} in. long, densely flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 24 lin. long, }—1 lin. broad, acuminate, sometimes bifid at the apex, concave, sometimes flattened on the back, rather densely pilose ; bracteoles 0. Calyx 24-24 lin. long, densely pilose, 10-nerved, 5-toothed ; teeth narrowly triangular, acuminate, unequa?; 4—} lin. long. Corolla blue, pubescent outside on the upper part of the tube and on the lobes; tube 2-2} lin. long, scarcely 4 lin. broad, curved, cylindric; limb 14 lin. in diam. ; lobes obovate-cuneate, about 4 lin, long, minutely crenulate at the apex. Anthers acuminate. Style nearly 1 lin. long. Capsule oblong-ovoid,2} lin. long, apiculate. Wile Land. Uganda: Ruwenzori, hillsides below 7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7782! Entebbe, Bagshawe, 743! 4. B. quadrifaria, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 71. A slender erect annual, 1-2 ft. high; stem quadrangular, simple or sparingly branched, } lin. thick, sparingly and minutely pubescent, somewhat scabrid ; branches nearly erect ; internodes up to 3 in. long. Leaves few, minute, opposite or alternate, linear or subulate, 2-34 lin. long, Buchnera.| — XC11. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 379 rigid, minutely and sparingly pubescent. Flowers in terminal crowded quadrifarious spikes 4-1 in. long; bracts broadly ovate- or elliptic- rhomboid, 24~23 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad (sometimes almost 3-lobed at the apex, the lateral lobes rounded, the middle lobe cuneate), acumi- nate, rigid, partly scarious, glabrous except for a few minute stiff hairs. on the margin at the apex; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 1? lin. long, keeled. Calyx 24-24 lin. long, deeply 4-toothed, 4-nerved, scarious between the nerves, more deeply slit down on the lower side, glabrous: except for a few minute hairs on the teeth ; teeth 1—]} lin. long, subu- late-lanceolate. Corolla-tube 23-4 lin, long, very narrow, straight or slightly curved, cylindric, glabrous outside, pilose inside ; upper lobes elliptic to obovate, 1-1} lin. long, ? lin. broad ; lower lobes 2-3 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong. Anthers acuminate. Style 3-3 lin. long. Capsule oblong, 14 lin. long, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Lakes Tanganyika and Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nutt! Lower plateau, north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson! British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, Carson, 100! Nyasaland; Kondowe to Karonga, 2000- 6000 ft., Whyte! Nyika Plateau, 6000-7000 ft., Whyte, 146 ! 5. B. ciliolata, Zngi. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 69, t. 3, figs. C, D. A very small and slender erect annual herb about 5 in. high, branched chiefly from the base ; stem and branches almost filiform, terete, glabrous, sparingly leafy. Leaves opposite or subopposite, linear, 4—9 lin. long, about $ lin. broad, acute, glabrous or with a few scabrid white points. Flowers in terminal crowded ovoid spikes 3-6 lin. long; bracts ovate. 13-14 lin. long, acute or acuminate, sometimes minutely toothed and somewhat scarious at the apex, glabrous, concave ; bracteoles narrowly linear, % lin. long, glabrous. Calyx 14-1} lin. long, bipartite, 4-toothed, 4-nerved, scarious between the nerves; teeth ovate-lanceo- late, % lin, long, acuminate. Corolla-tube 24 lin. long, straight, cylindric, glabrous outside, covered with short reddish hairs inside ; lobes oblong, 14-14 lin. long, 4-2 lin. broad, often emarginate or bifid at the apex, somewhat pulverulent inside, the lower longer than the upper. Anthers acute. Style scarcely 4 lin. long. Capsule oblong, 13 lin. long, minutely apiculate, bisulcate——Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1.775; Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 366. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; by the River Palanca, Newton! on the Shika Fletoan, Welwitsch, 5828! by the River Kubango, above Kohi, 4400 ft., aum, 4 ! _ §&. B. humilis, Skan. A small slender erect annual herb about % in. high ; stem simple or simple below and sparingly branched above, terete, sparsely pilose, few-leaved ; branches nearly erect, 3-5 in. long ; internodes 14-21 in. long. Lower leaves opposite, oblong to lanceolate, 8-14 lin. long, 24-4 lin. broad, obtuse or apiculate, narrowed at the base into a very short petiole, sparingly pubescent, very scabrid, some- times having 1 tooth on each side above the middle; upper leaves. opposite or alternate, linear-lanceolate or linear, $-1} in. long, }~2 lin. broad, acute, sparingly pubescent, scabrid, entire. Spikes terminal (or Sometimes on short lateral branches as well), 7-8 lin. long, densely- 380 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Buchnera, flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate or triangular, 13-1? lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, long white-pilose on the back and margins ; bracteoles filiform, about } lin. jong, pilose. Calyx 24 lin. long, rather densely pubescent, 10-nerved (5 thick nerves alternating with 5 thin ones), 5-toothed; teeth narrowly triangular, acuminate, }—3 lin. long. Corolla violet- blue; tube 4 lin. long, narrow, straight or slightly curved, white-pilose outside; lobes obovate, 14-1} lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad. Anthers acute. Capsule oblong, 2 lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; by the River Palanca, Newton! 7. B. angolensis, Hngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 70, t. 3, figs. G, H. A slender erect freely branched annual 4-12 in. high, sparingly and minutely pubescent ; stem and branches somewhat obscurely tetragonal ; branches ascending, growing out at an acute angle with the stem. Leaves opposite or subopposite, narrowly linear, acuminate, }-1} lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, sprinkled over with small rather hispid haus. Flowers in dense terminal somewhat quadrifarious spikes 5-6 iin. long ; lowermost bracts very broadly ovate, 14 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, with a terminal subulate tail-like appendage 2}~3} lin. long, pilose, ciliate ; upper bracts rhomboid-orbicular, 13 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, acute or shortly acuminate, scarious, ciliate, concave; bracteoles narrowly obovoid-spathulate, about 1 lin. long, obtuse, otherwise as the upper bracts. Calyx about 1} lin. long, ovoid, scarious, very irregularly and obscurely 4- or 5-toothed, fimbriate-ciliate. Corolla violet-blue, very small; tube 14-1} lin. long, sparingly pilose outside, pilose inside ; limb only about } lin. across; lobes oblong, about } lin. long. Anthers searcely acute. Style } lin. long. Capsule ovoid, 1} lin. long, apiculate. —Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Humpata Plateau, near Empalanea, Welwitsch, 5829! 8. B. minutiflora, Lngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 404. An annual herb 4-6 in. high, blackish when dry, minutely and sparsely pilose ; stem slender, sparingly leafy, simple or branched above, more rarely branched at the base and middle; internodes 74-10 lin. long. B leaves oblong, about 4 lin. long and 2 lin. broad ; cauline leaves linear, 10 lin, long, $ lin. broad, acute, spreading. Spikes terminal on the stems and branches, 3—74 lin. long and broad, few- or many-flowered ; bracts spreading, lanceolate from a concave base, about 4 lin. long; bracteoles narrowly linear, 14-2 lin. long. Calyx 2}-8 lin. long, some what scarious, shortly and ‘sparsely pilose, 5-toothed ; teeth lineer- triangular, acute, $ lin. long. Corolla small, violet; tube 3 lin. long, cylindric, narrow ; lobes oblong-obovate, up to 1 lin. long and $ lin. broad, slightly unequal. Style about 3 lin. long. Capsule narrowly oblong, 24 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad at the base, slightly narrower and rounded at the apex, minutely apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kinga Mountains; Ukwama Mountain, 8200 ft., Goetze, 912! 9. B. splendens, Zngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 71, t. 3, fig.T. An Buchnera.] _XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 381 annual, with a simple erect stem 2-3 ft. high, everywhere white-pilose, many-leaved. Basal leaves 2, broadly elliptic, 14-1} in. long, 3-1 in. broad, 5-6-nerved, obtuse, sparingly and hispidly pubescent; cauline leaves linear-oblong or lanceolate, 14-2 in. long, obtuse, hispidly pubescent, the lower opposite and 3-nerved, the upper alternate, smaller, and less distinctly nerved. Spike (young) ? in. long, densely covered with long silky hairs; bracts lanceolate, the lower 6-7} lin. Jong, the upper shorter. Calyx cylindric, silky-pilose ; tube 24 lin. long; teeth 1 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate. Corolla deep violet; tube slender, 5 lin. long, very slightly curved, pilose on the upper part outside and at the throat inside ; lobes obovate, the lower 3} lin. long, 24 lin. broad, somewhat larger than the upper. Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, in a marshy forest, Buchner, 9! Goss- weiler, 1088 ! 10. B. capitata, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 495. An erect annual herb 1-2} ft. high; stem simple or sparingly branched, slightly furrowed, $-2} lin. thick at the base, glabrous or minutely pubescent ; internodes i-3in. long. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, sessile, oblong- lanceolate to linear, 3-3 in. long, 2~8 lin. broad, acute or obtuse, scabrid, entire or obscurely few-toothed. Flowers in terminal crowded ovoid, ellipsoid or cylindric spikes 4~16 lin. long; bracts narrowly obovate, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate (sometimes abruptly), 13-8 lin. long, concave, rather densely pilose ; bracteoles linear or filiform, 1}-3 lin. long. Calyx 14-2 lin. long, more or less pilose, 10-nerved (sometimes obscurely), 5-toothed; teeth subulate, 3-1} lin. long. Corolla white ; tube 14-24 lin. long, }-} lin. broad, curved, more or less pilose outside and inside; limb about 1—1} lin. across; lobes obovate, about 3 lin. long and broad. Anthers acute or subacute. Style } lin. long. Capsule subovoid, 14-1} lin, long, obtuse—Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 359 ; Engl. in Schlechter, Westafr. Kautschuk-Exped. 314; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. fase. 2, 45. Wile Land. Niamniam: Merdyans Seriba, Schweinfurth, 3852! Uganda: Kalungu Marshes, Scott-Elliot, 7424 ! Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyaur, 439! Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, 950 ft., Hens, B, 351! near Dolo, Schlechter, 12457 ! Bingila, Dupuis, Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Karagwe; Bukoba, 3700 ft., Stuhl- mann, 1562! 3742! Also in Madagascar, ll. B. paucidentata, Hngl. MSS. An erect branched herb 1-2 ft. high ; stems 2 or 3, }-1 lin. in diam., covered with very slender spreading hairs; internodes 1}-2 in. long. Basal leaves broadly oblong, up to 1 in. long and 1 in. broad, few-toothed, obtuse, hairy on both sides, scabrid on the upper side; hairs on the upper side very short and thickened at the base; cauline leaves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, apiculate or acuminate, 13-3 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, 3-nerved, few- toothed above the middle or the upper quite entire, hairy like the basal 382 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchmera. leaves, but lessscabrid. Spikes densely-flowered, terminal on the stems and elongated branches, and!on very short branches which arise in the axils of nearly all the cauline leaves, at first subglobose, 3—4 lin. in diam., growing out in the fruiting stage to 1} in. long, with some of the lower fruits separated from the rest ; bracts lanceolate or subulate, 14-3 lin, long, hispid ; bracteoles minute or often wanting. Calyx 2 lin. long, 10-nerved, 5-toothed, hispid ; teeth linear-triangular or subulate, $ lin. long. Corolla-tube 2 lin. long, slightly curved and somewhat contracted towards the apex, white-pilose above; lobes obovate, about 4 lin. long and } lin. broad. Anthers narrowly oblong, nearly 4 lin. long, acumi- nate. Style % lin. long, clavate. Capsule ovoid, 1? lin. long, 14 lin. broad. Upper Guinea. Cameroons, 4400 ft., Conrau, 12! 12. B. affinis, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 123. Plant more than 1 ft. high, branched; branches 4—34 in. ,long, glabrescent on the internodes, hairy on the nodes, with stiff white hairs thickened at the base. Lower leaves elliptic-oblong, about 3} in. long and 1 in. broad, entire or irregularly toothed, sessile, 3-nerved, scabrid on both sides; upper leaves narrower, always clearly 3-nerved, obtuse, cuneate at the base, more or less amplexicaul. Inflorescence spicate, terminal or lateral, long- or very shortly pedunculate, 6-11 lin. long, about 7 lin. thick; lowermost bracts like the leaves but reduced, as long as or a little longer than the spike; upper bracts oval, acute, about 23 lin. long and 1} lin. broad, scabrid, with 3 keeled nerves; bracteoles linear, 2} lin. long. Calyx 8 lin. long in flower increasing to 34 lin. long in fruit, 4-toothed ; teeth linear, }-3 lin. long and } lin. broad in flower up to 2 lin. long in fruit. Corolla-tube glabrous, about 3} lin. long; lobes obovate, 1} lin. long, 3~1 lin. broad. Fruit ovoid, 24-3 lin. long, #-1 lin. thick, beaked. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; plateau near Lukafu, Ver- dick, 42. 13. B. quangensis, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.71, t. 3, fig. L- Stem about 14 ft. high, thick, branched, densely adpressed pilose, leafy ; branches 8-10 in. long; internodes 1-1} in. long. Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate, about 1} in. long, up to 23 lin. broad, rather: thick, entire, obtuse or sometimes acute, shortly and densely hispidly hairy on both sides. Spikes shortly cylindric, 10 lin. long, 7 lin. broad, very densely flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3-5 lin. long, acute, adpressed- pilose on the outside ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, about as long as the bracts. Calyx obconical-tubular, 4 lin. long, } lin. broad at the base, nearly 14 lin. broad at the apex, rather densely pilose, 5-toothed ; teeth narrowly ovate to triangular, #-1 lin. long, acute, the upper most smallest. _Corolla-tube 44-5 lin. long, densely pilose above; lobes obovate, 1} lin. long and broad, the lower somewhat larger than the upper. Style 1} lin. long, thickened above. Lower Guinea. Angola: Chamasango, on the River Kuango; Teusez, ! Buchnera.] XCI1. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 383 14. B. subcapitata, Zngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 71, t. 3, fig. Q. Stem simple, many-leaved, densely hispid; internodes 14-1} in. long. Leaves lanceolate, 10-15 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, acute, the upper alter- nate, densely clothed with short hairs thickened at the base. Spikes short, capitulum-like (superficially resembling those of a Scadiosa) ; bracts linear-lanceolate, about 34 lin. long and 1 lin, broad, clothed on the margin and midrib with hairs thickened at the base. Calyx only 2 lin. long, sparingly pilose ; teeth triangular, about } as long as the tube. Corolla-tube 5 lin. long, } lin. broad, glabrous; lobes obovate, 1} lin. long. 1} lin. broad, the lower somewhat larger than the others.— De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 122. South Central. Congo Free State: Lunda; Mussumba, Pogge, 275 ; Katanga; Lukafu, Verdick, 371. . 15. B. pulchra, Skan ex S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 190. An erect pubescent scabrid herb 1-2 ft. high, drying green or brown ; stem usually branched chiefly in the upper part, rather thick, moderately leafy ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, oblong-lanceo- late, 2-1} (rarely up to 2)in. long, 3-4 (rarely 6) lin. broad, 3-nerved, minutely mucronate, somewhat narrowed at the base ; uppermost leaves smaller. Flowers in capitate or subcapitate terminal spikes }—1 in. long and jin. thick ; bracts ovate- or elliptic-lanceolate, 4-4} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, slightly keeled, pilose and ciliate, acuminate or setose ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 3? lin. long, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx tubular, 33-43 lin. long, sparingly pilose; teeth ovate-lanceolate to linear-triangular, 1 lin. long, setose or acuminate. Corolla rose- purple in the dried state; tube straight, somewhat funnel-shaped, 4-5 lin. long, pruinose, pilose at the throat inside; lobes 5, subequal, obovate, 2 lin. long, 17 lin. broad. Anthers acute at the apex, obtuse at the base. Style 14 lin. long. ss Poe Land. Uganda: east side of Albert Edward Nyanza, Scott-Elliot, ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7476 | 8203! Ruchigga, Bagshawe, 402, Between Lakes Tanganyika and Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nutt! British Central Africa: Kambole, south-west of Lake Tanganyika, Nutt / Nyasaland ; between Mpata and commencement of Tanganyika Plateau, 2000- 3000 ft., Whyte! Nyika Plateau, 7000 ft.. Whyte! Masuku Plateau, 6500- 7000 ft., Whyte if . Scott-Elliot’s specimens, the inflorescences particularly, have turned nearly black in drying. The calyx-teeth vary considerably in length and breadth, and are longest and narrowest in Scott-Elliot’s 8041; the bracts in this are also very long and narrow. 16. B. attenuata, Skan. An annual herb about 1 ft. high; stem extremely slender, simple or slightly branched, terete, glabrous, leafless xcept a pair of small linear leaves 2-4 in. from the base. Basal leaves broadly ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 4-9 lin. long, 14-44 lin. broad, obtuse, entire or few-toothed, pilose, scabrid. Flowers in a somewhat loose narrow terminal spike, $-} in. long; bracts ovate, 1} lin. long, # lin. broad, acuminate, minutely pubescent, ciliate, concave ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 1} lin. long, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx 24-24 384 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Buchnera. lin. long, pubescent, prominently 10-nerved ; teeth 3-3 lin. long, subu- late-lanceolate, slightly concave. Corolla violet-blue; tube cylindric, straight, 3 lin. long, sparingly pilose outside, rather densely pilose at the throat inside ; lobes oblong-obovate to obovate, 1}—-14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad. Anthers acuminate. Style ¢ lin. long. Capsule oblong- ovoid, 3 lin. long, scarcely beaked, bi8ulcate,—B. Welwitschii, Engl., forma parviflora, Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 367, Lower Guinea. Angola: Amboella; by the River Longa below Chijija, 3900 ft., Baum, 621! above Napalanka, Baum, 573a. 17. B. rungwensis, /ngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 403. An annual herb with a strong taproot and a short rootstock emitting 2 or 3 erect densely pilose stems 6—8 in. long. Basal leaves linear-oblong, 10-12 lin. long, about 24-34 lin. broad, obtuse, cuneate towards the base, 1-nerved ; cauline leaves few (only 2 or 3 pairs in the type), linear- lanceolate to linear, 5-7} lin. long, ?-1 lin. broad, acute, sparsely pilose. Spikes 3-1} in. long, somewhat lax-flowered ; bracts imbricate, lanceo- late, about 5 lin. long and 1 lin. broad, rather densely pilose. Calyx 3 lin. long, rather densely pilose; teeth narrowly triangular, abont } lin. long. Corolla bright violet; tube 5-6 lin. long, } lin. broad, very slightly curved ; lobes obovate, 34 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, the upper somewhat smaller than the others. Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Rungwe Mountains, on the slopes of the highest summit, 9500 ft., Goetze, 1153 ! 18. B. strictissima, Lngl. ¢: Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 367. A very slender annual herb 1}—13 ft. high, erect ; stem straight, simple or sometimes sparingly branched, glabrous except for a few scattered minute stiff hairs ; internodes }-} in. long at the base up to 1} in. long in the upper part of the stem. Leaves opposite, linear, 4-7 lin. long, $—1 lin. broad, the upper smaller, obtuse or acute, fleshy, usually with a few minute stiff hairs chiefly along the midrib and margins. Flowers in cylindric crowded terminal spikes about 14 in. long, which sometimes have short weak branches at the base; bracts ovate, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 1 lin. long and nearly 1 lin. broad, fleshy, apiculate, slightly pulverulent, more or less white-margined at the apex ; bracteoles oblong-lanceolate, 2 lin. long, rather acute. Calyx 1-1} lin, long, minutely puberulous, fleshy ; teeth 1-4 lin. long, semi- ovate, rounded at the apex, minutely and hispidly ciliate, the upper tooth much smaller. Corolla rose-coloured; tube narrow, cylindric, incurved, 3} lin. long, glabrous outside, shortly pubescent inside; lobes obovate, 1-1} lin. long and nearly 1 lin. broad, entire, bifid or denticu- late. Anthers acute. Style 3 lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid-globose, 14-1} lin. long, bisulcate, slightly emarginate. ri omaaten Guinea. Angola: Amboella; Kampuluve River, 3900 ft., Baum, 19. B. ensifolia, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 511. An annual herb branched from the base; stem 6-12 in. high, shortly grey -pilose ; COLONIAL AND FOREIGN FLORAS. Flora of British India. By Sir J. D. Hooker, G.C.S.I., CB, F.R.S., &c.; assisted by various Botanists. Complete in 7 vols., £12 net. Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. Flora Capensis: a Systematic Description of the Plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, and Port Natal. By WILLIAM H. Harvey, M.D., F.R.S., and Orro WILHELM SONDER, Ph.D. Vols. I. to III. 20s. net. Con- tinuation, by Sir WILLIAM T. THISELTON-DyeR, F.R.S., &c. Vol. IV., Sect. I., part i., 8s. net; part ii, 6s. 6d. net. Vol. IV., Section II., 24s. net. Vol. V., parti.,9s. net. Vol. VI., 24s. net. Vol. VIL., 33s. net. Flora of Tropical Africa. By Danret Otiver, F.RS., F.LS. Vols. I, to III., each 20s. net. Continuation, by Sir WILLIAM T THISELTON-DyER, F.R.S., &c. Vol. IV., Sect. I., 30s. net. Vol. IV., Sect. II., Part I., 8s. net. Vol. V., 25s. 6d. Vol. VII., 27s. 6d. net. Vol. VIII., 25s. 6d. net. Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Flora Australiensis: a Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory. By G. BENTHAM, F.R.S., F.L.S., assisted by F. MUELLER, F.R.S. Complete in 7 vols., £7 4s, net. Published under the auspices of the several Governments of Australia. Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles: a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of those Islands. By J. G. BAKER, FBS. Complete in 1 vol., 24s. net. Published under the authority of the Colonial Government of Mauritius. Handbook of the New Zealand Flora. by Sir J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. 42s. Published under the auspices of the Government of that Colony. Flora of the British West Indian Islands. By Dr. GRISEBACH, F.L.S. 42s. net. Published under the auspices of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Flora Hongkongensis: a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Island of Hongkong. By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.L.S. With a Map of the Island and Supplement by Dr. HANCE. 21s. net. Published under the authority of Her late Majesty’s Secretary of State for the Colonies. The Supplement, separately, 2s. 6d. Genera Plantarum, ad Exemplaria Imprimis in Herbariis Kewensibus Servata Definita. By G. BENTHAM, F.RS., ELS. and Sir J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S. Complete in 3 vols., £8 2s. Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. By Sir GEORGE Kine, K.C.LE., M.B., LL.D., F.L.8. Part i., small folio, 91 Plates in Port- folio, 25s. Partii., 187 Plates in Portfolio, 40s. Appendix to Vol. 1., 12 Plates, 10s. 6d. Vol. II, 104 Plates, 32s. 6d. Vol. III., 174 Plates, 70s. Vol. IV., 220 Plates, 70s. Vol. V., part i., 101 Plates, 32s. 6d. plain, 63s. coloured; part ii., 99 Plates, 32s. 6d. Vol. VI., part i, 9 Plates, 30s. Vol. VII. 119 Plates, 40s. Vol. VIII. (4 Parts, 2 portfolios), £6 6s. plain, £9 %. coloured, net. Vol [X., part i., 33s. net. Monthly, with 6 Coloured Plates, 3s. 6d, Annual Subscription, post free, 425. The Botanical Magazine. Figures and Descriptions of New and j Rare Plants. By Sir WM. T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G., F.B.S. f ,” Re-issue of the Third Series, jn Monthly Vols., 42s.; to Subscribers tor the entire Series, 36s. each. 60 vols. of the Third Series completed. LOVELL REEVE & CO., Lrp., 6 Hennrerra STREET, Covent GARDES. Vol. 1V.—Sect. 2—Part III. Price 9s. 6d. net. FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. EDITED BY SIR WILLIAM T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G., C.LE., LL.D., Se.D., F.R.S., HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD; LATE DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES, LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CoO., LIMITED Bublishers to the Home, Colonial and Endian Croveruments 6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1906, Buchnera.] XCIl, SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 385 internodes 74-10 lin. long. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 13-2 in. long, 13-2 lin. broad, acute, entire, rather thick, l-nerved. Flowers in a dense spike, 1}~-2 in. long ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2-24 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, glabrous except on the ciliate margin; bracteoles linear- lanceolate, 14-1} liu. long. Calyx 1$-1? lin. long; teeth elongate- triangular, twice shorter than the tube. Corolla-tube 34-4 lin. long, narrowly cylindric, slightly curved ; lobes obovate-oblong, about 1} lin. long. Capsule ovoid, 14 lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes. River Palanca, Newton, 190, Var. andongensis, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 512. Leaves sparsely white pilose, especially on the margin and nerves. Calyx-teeth distinctly ciliate. Corolla- tube rather densely pilose.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; on the highest mountains of the Presidium, Welwitsch, 5882 ! 20. B. latibracteata, Skan. Apparently a tall erect annual herb; stem (upper part alone seen) slender, branched, sparingly and minutely pilose ; branches alternate or subopposite, arcuate, slender, terete, about J in. long, scantily leafy; internodes 23-4 lin. long. Upper leaves narrowly linear, up to 2} in. long, acute, scabrid, sometimes densely covered with scabrid white points. Flowers in slender cylindric ter- minal spikes 1-4 in. long on peduncles 13-6 in. long; bracts broadly ovate to suborbicular, about 1 lin. long and nearly 1 lin. broad, abruptly and shortly acuminate, pilose, thick, slightly concave ; bracteoles lanceo- late, ? lin. long, concave, pilose. Calyx 2} lin. long, pilose ; teeth subu- late to narrowly deltoid, 3-} lin. long. Corolla blue; tube 4 lin. long, cylindric, slightly curved, pilose outside and at the throat inside ; lobes obovate, 2}-23 lin. long, 1}-1} Jin. broad. Anthers acuminate. Style 1} lin. long. Capsule oblong, 2} lin. long, bisulcate, apiculate.— B. Welwitschii, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 70, partly ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776, partly. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near Lombe and Condo, Wel- witsch, 5847! Calunda Mangue, Welwitsch, 5859 ! 21. B. crassifolia, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 403. Rhizome short, thick, subtuberous. Stems 1 or 2, simple or branched from the base, 1-1} ft. long, somewhat densely leafy, minutely and bifariously pubescent ; internodes 1}-J} in. long. Basal leaves oblong, 1} in. long, 5 lin. broad, 3-nerved ; cauline leaves alternate, somewhat fleshy, linear to linear-lanceolate, }-1} in. long, }-1} Jin. broad, acute or obtuse, narrowed at the base, entire, glabrous. Spikes solitary or more often ternate, 3-1} in. long, on peduncles 10 lin. long, rather loose; lateral spikes smaller than the terminal ; bracts lanceolate from a broad base, 3-5 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, ciliate ; bracteoles linear or linear-lanceo- late, acute, a little shorter than the bracts. Calyx 3-4} lin, long, 4-toothed, sparingly and minutely pubescent, somewhat scarious ; teeth elongate-triangular, 3-12 lin. long. Corolla bright blue, white at the throat, densely and shortly white-pilose ; tube 5-6 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, straight, cylindric except at the somewhat funnel-shaped throat ; ° VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2c 386 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [| Buchnera. lobes obovate or oblong, 24-3 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad. Style 1} lin. long. Capsule narrowly oblong, 34-2 lin. long; valves recurved. Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Kinga (Livingstone) Mountains ;: Kirunde Mountain, 6600 ft., Goetze, 899! British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Whyte! 22. B. namuliensis, Shan. Stem erect, 1 ft. high or more, simple below, sparingly branched above, quadrangular, few-leaved, puberulous. Lower leaves wanting ; upper leaves alternate, linear to linear-lanceo- late, up to 1$ in. long and 14 lin. broad, entire, sparingly hispidly pubescent. Spikes terminal or sometimes lateral, }—14 in. long, rather densely flowered, elongating and becoming lax in fruit ; bracts broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 24 lin. long, concave, shortly pilose ; bracteoles. linear, 14-14 lin. long, acuminate. Calyx 24-2? lin. long, distinctly 10-nerved, 5-toothed, somewhat hispidly hairy ; teeth linear-triangular, about } lin. long. Corolla-tube about 5 lin. long, narrow, slightly curved, very sparingly hairy on the upper part outside; lobes obovate, about 2 lin. long and 1} lin. broad. Anthers acuminate. Style nearly 2 lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid, slightly curved, 2 lin. long, minutely apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua Country: Namuli Hills, Last! 23. B. Welwitschii, Lngl. in Engl. Jahrd. xviii. 70, t. 3, fig. F, partly. An erect annual herb 14-1? ft. high or more, sparingly covered with slender grey hairs; stem simple or sparingly branched, slender, rather leafy; internodes about } in. long at the base, 14-2} in. long above. Basal leaves elliptic-oblong, 5-10 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad, obtuse, sparingly and irregularly toothed, scabrid with minute white points ; upper leaves opposite or subopposite, sessile, oblong-linear to linear, about 14 in. long, 14-2} lin. broad, acute, narrowed at the base, entire or minutely few-toothed, somewhat scabrid, grey-pilose. Flowers: ina terminal rather crowded spike about 2 in. long; bracts lanceolate, 3-3} lin. long, concave, pilose ; bracteoles linear or subulate, 14-2 lin. long, pilose. Calyx 24-3 lin. long, pilose; teeth unequal, 3-1} lin. long, subulate. Corolla deep blue; tube 4} lin. long, sparingly pilose: outside, rather densely pilose at the throat inside, cylindric, straight ; lobes obovate, 2~24 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, the lower larger than the upper. Anthers acuminate. Style 1-14 lin. long.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776, partly. P Lower Guinea. Angola: Humpata Plateau, Welwitsch, 5832! Var. elata, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776. Stem 2-3 ft. high, more leafy than in the type. Leaves oblong to linear-oblong or the uppermost linear, up to 3 in. long and 4 in, broad, remotely toothed, very scabrid. Corolla pale blue. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; by the River Maimbo, Welwitsch, 5827 ! 24. B. reissiana, Buettner ex Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 68, t. 3, jig. K. A very slender herb about 14 ft. high; stem simple below, sparingly branched above, terete, 4 lin. in diam., few-leaved (about: 3 pairs at the base and a few small alternate ones near the apex). Leaves of the lowest pair oblong-lanceolate, 1 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad, Buchnera.| —_ XC11. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 387 obtuse, and of the other pairs linear-lanceolate, 1}-14 in. long, 14-23 lin. broad, acute, entire or having a few small teeth. Spike terminal, about { in. long, rather densely-flowered, densely white-pubescent ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, about } in. long; bracteoles similar in shape but much smaller. Calyx about 4 in. long; 5-toothed; teeth subulate, 1-1} lin. long. Corolla-tube about } in. long, densely and shortly pubescent ; lobes obovate-spathulate, 2} lin. long, 3 lin. broad. — Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb, Exped. 366 ; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 212. Lower Guinea. Angola: between Goudkopje and Kakele, 3900 ft., Baum, 185; River Chimpungn, 4600 ft., Baum, 864! South Central. Congo Free State: Lukolela and Equatorville, Buettner. 25. B. Randii, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467. An erect plant 63-144 in. high; stem attenuated, scarcely $ lin. in diam., sparingly leafy, pilose-hispid ; internodes 13~3in. long. Radical leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-10 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, obtuse ; cauline leaves narrowly linear, 10-15 lin. long, the upper smaller, obtuse. Spikes dense-flowered, somewhat more than 5 lin. long; bracts ovate- lanceolate, acute, hispid, the medium-sized ones 2 lin. long ; bracteoles setaceous, scarcely 14 lin. long. Calyx tubular, 24 lin. long, hispid, obscurely nerved; teeth triangular-setaceous, scarcely } lin. long. Corolla 44 lin. long; tube attenuated, straight, somewhat pilose; limb not more than 1} lin. in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, very obtuse, almost equal, 5 Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Rhodesia; Salisbury, Rand, 573! 26. B. Poggei, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 69, ¢. 3, fig. B. An annual herb; stem about 1 ft. long bearing only 2 leaves at the middle and others approximated at the base ; internodes very much elongated. Basal leaves oblong-lanceolate, 74-10 lin. long, entire or undulate- dentate, 3-nerved, long and sparsely hispid-pilose ; cauline leaves linear- lanceolate, about 10 lin. long, sparsely hispid-pilose. Spike short, the lower flowers much longer than the buds at the end 3 bracts lanceolate, 1} lin. long and } lin. broad, long and sparsely hispid-pilose. Calyx 3 lin. long, hispid; teeth triangular, acute, 4 lin. long. Corolla-tube nearly 5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, slender, slightly curved, finely pilose ; lobes oblong, glabrous, deep violet-blue, the lower 2} lin, long and 1} lin. broad. South Central. Lunda: Kimbundo, on the River Lovo, Pogge, 315. 27. B. albiflora, Skan. A rigid erect herb 1} ft. high, having the stem and branches rather densely pilose with very slender grey hairs ; stem simple below, branched about the middle, terete, about 1} lin, thick at the base; branches 5-7} in. long, erect-spreading, few- leaved. Basal leaves narrowly obovate, 8 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, obtuse, scabrid with short white hairs much thickened at the base; upper leaves opposite or alternate, narrowly lanceolate, $-23 in. long, 1-3 lin, broad, obtuse or somewhat acute, entire, scabrid with short. white hairs 388 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchnera. much thickened atthe base. Spikes terminal, thick and densely-flowered in the upper part, interrupted below, 34-43 in. long, sometimes with very short axillary spikes in the axils of the uppermost leaves ; bracts ovate-elliptic about 2 lin. long and 1 lin. broad, acute, ciliate ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 14 lin. long, acuminate, sparingly ciliate. Calyx 2 lin. jong, pubescent, 10-nerved, becoming scarious, 5-toothed; teeth narrowly deltoid, 3 lin. long, acute. Corolla white ; tube 2} lin. long, cylindric, straight, very sparingly white-pubescent outside ; lobes obovate, }—} lin. long, 4-}]in. broad. Anthers acute. Styleabout }lin. long. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 24—2# lin. long, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist, British Central Africa; Nyasaland ; Mount Masisi, 4500 ft. MeClounie, 75! 28. B. Verdickii, Skan. Asmall plant only 14-2? in. high, more or less strongly branched from the base; branches hairy. ‘Leaves sessile, lanceolate or linear, 3-13 in. long, 3~34 lin. broad, scabridly hairy on both sides. Inflorescence a terminal spike 7} lin. to 1} in. long; flowers rather numerous but somewhat loosely arranged, the lower sometimes distant; lower bracts like the leaves, exceeding the flowers; upper bracts shorter than the calyx; bracteoles lanceolate, acute, hairy, about 1} lin. long. Calyx hairy, about 5 lin. long, slightly accrescent, 4-9- toothed ; teeth linear, acute, about 1 lin. long, 1 tooth often much reduced. Corolla-tube about as long as the calyx, pubescent; lobes obovate, about 24 lin. long and 3 lin. broad. Fruit oblong, about 24 lin. long and 3} lin, thick, apiculate—B. pusilla, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 123, not of H. B. and K. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Lukafu, Verdick, 574. 29. B. Nuttii, Skan. A rigid erect minutely pubescent scabrid herb 1} ft. high or more, blue-black. in the dried state ; stems apparently simple (the lower parts have not been seen), 14-14 lin. thick, sparingly leafy ; internodes up to 24 in. long. Upper leaves opposite or sub- opposite, lanceolate, }-14 in. long, acute, narrowed at the base, 3-nerved. Flowers in dense irregular axillary shortly stalked or sessile compound heads about ? in. long and } in. broad; bracts lanceolate, 2} lin. long, keeled, acuminate, ciliate ; bracteoles linear, 12 lin, long, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx 2 lin. long, sparingly pubescent outside, glandular- pulverulent inside; teeth ovate-lanceolate, about } lin. long, acuminate, ciliate. Corolla-tube somewhat funnel-shaped, rather broad, 2} lin. long, very sparingly pilose outside, densely pilose inside, straight or very slightly curved ; lobes 5, subequal, obovate, about 1 lin. long and $ lin. broad, somewhat crisped. Anthers obtuse. Style scarcely } lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urangu; Fwambo, 5250 ft» Nutt ! 30. B. andongensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 775. An erect annual herb more than 8 in. high, branched from the base; branches obtusely tetragonal, hispidulous-scabrid ; some of the upper internodes exceeding the leaves. Leaves mostly opposite, obovate- oblong, 3-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, obtuse or subapiculate, cuneate at Buchnera.] XC1l. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 389 the sessile or subsessile base, entire or obsoletely denticulate, mem- branous, scabrid, 3-nerved. Spikes terminal, sessile, compound at the base, semi-ellipsoid, many-flowered, 6-8 lin. long, forming a corymb ; flowers whitish, 3—4 lin. long, sessile or subsessile ; bracts about as long as the calyx, oblong or ovate, glabrous inside, ciliate, somewhat hispid on the back ; bracteoles about as long as the bracts but narrower, ciliate. Calyx 23-3 lin. long, ribbed or angled, ciliate on some of the ribs or angles, shortly 5-toothed; teeth lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, somewhat unequal. Corolla-tube rather slender, as long as the calyx, straight or somewhat curved near the apex; limb rather small. Anthers acute. Style 3 lin. long. Capsule 2 lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in the forest between Cazella and Zambe, Welwitsch, 5850! 31. B. foliosa, Skan. A robust erect herb 9 in. high or more; stem simple below, corymbosely branched above, obscurely quadrangular, slightly bisuJeate, about 14 lin. thick, more than usually leafy for the genus, glabrescent in places, more or less covered here and there with rather long hispid grey somewhat adpressed hairs ; branches opposite, 3-8} in. long, the lowermost longest, erect-spreading. Leaves opposite, oblong below to lanceolate above, 1}~23 in. long, 3—9 lin. broad, acute, much narrowed at the base, entire or remotely toothed, 3-nerved, Sparsely pubescent, the hairs often very short and stiff. Spikes ter- minal, corymbosely arranged, ovoid, 8-10 lin. long, about 7 lin. broad, densely-flowered, compound at the base; lowermost bracts leaf-like, lanceolate, up to 1 in. long; upper bracts ovate-elliptic, 3-3} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, acute or acuminate, rounded or flattened on the back, sometimes sharply keeled at the apex, prominently 3-ribbed, pubescent ; bracteoles lanceolate, 24 lin. long, keeled, pubescent. Calyx 3~34 lin. long, somewhat quadrangular, 4-toothed, rather deeply slit down on the upper and lower sides, hispidly hairy ; teeth about } lin. long, narrowly deltoid, acute. Corolla-tube 34 lin. long, narrow, cylindric, straight, Sparingly pubescent outside ; loves obovate or obovate-cuneate, about 1 lin. long and broad. Anthersacute. Style 4 lin. long. Capsule ovoid, 23-3 lin. long, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Tanganyika Plateau, at Fort Hill, 3500-4000 ft., Whyte! 32. B. nitida, Skan. An erect annual herb about 6 in. high ; stem simple, terete, rather woody, about # lin. thick, bifariously puberu- lous, leatless below, sparingly leafy above. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 6-8 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, acute, glabrous, smooth, shining, somewhat coriaceous. Flowers sessile in a shortly branched flattened terminal head about 1 in. broad ; bracts ovate or elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 241-3} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, acute or acuminate, somewhat concave, glabrous ; bracteoles 2} lin. long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, Calyx 4 lin. long, deeply slit in the median plane into 2-toothed halves ; teeth narrowly ovate, acuminate, }-% lin. long. Corolla-tube 44} lin. long, glabrous outside, with thick stiff hairs inside; lobes 390 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchnera. obovate, 13-3 lin. long, 14-24 lin. broad. Anthers acute. Style 1} lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; McClounie, 128, partly ! 33. B. nigricans, Skan. An erect rather rigid annual branched herb about 1ft. high, drying black, shortly and hispidly pubescent. Leaves subsessile, opposite, linear-lanceolate, up to 1} in. long and 2 lin. broad, acute, entire, hispidly pubescent, scabrid. Spikes terminal, un- interrupted, somewhat densely-flowered, slender, cylindric, 1}-2 in. long; bracts quadrifariously imbricate, ovate, elliptic or somewhat rhomboid, up to 2 lin. long and 14 lin. broad, acute, pilose, slightly keeled; bracteoles lanceolate, 14-1? lin. long, acute, pilose. Calyx about 23 lin. long, scarious, 7-8-nerved, 4-toothed, deeply slit down on the upper side, pilose on the upper part chiefly on the teeth ; teeth ovate or deltoid, acuminate, 4-2 lin. long. Corolla at first glossy yellow, turning to green and finally to black when dry (Welwitsch) ; tube about 4 lin. long and } lin. broad, curved, slightly contracted at the throat, minutely and sparingly pilose above; limb stellate; lobes narrowly oblong, about 14 lin. long, fleshy, undulate, somewhat involute along the margins or conduplicate in the dried state. Anthers rather obtuse. Style about 13 lin. long. Capsule eylindric-oblong.—Stellularia nigrt- cans, Benth. in Hook, Ic. Pl. ¢. 1318. S. nigrescens, Benth. Lc. ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 774, partly. Benthamistella nigricans, 0 Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 458. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Catumba, Welwitsch, 5838! 34. B. benthamiana, Shan. The following characters distinguish this from B. nigricans: Leaves narrowly linear. Spike 5 in. long, more slender, less densely-flowered ; bracts lanceolate, 24-3 lin. long, acum) nate, rather more pilose. Calyx slightly narrower, more pilose ; teeth narrower and longer. Corolla at first purple, then greenish, black when dry (Welwitsch), otherwise the same. Style 1 lin. long.—Stellularva nigrescens, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 774, partly. See note by Bentham in Hook. Ie. Pl. xiv. 13, under t. 1318. _ Lower fuinea. Angola: Huilla; in herbaceous thickets at Monino, Wel- witsch, 5037 35, B. inflata, Skan. A slender erect herb 10-12 in. high, drying black. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear, about 74-15 lin. long and 1 lin. broad, entire, pubescent, scabrid. Spikes cylindric, terminating the somewhat numerous branches of the stem, 13—4 in. long, shortly pedun- culate; bracts elliptic, up to 34 lin. long and 1} lin. broad, pilose, scabrid, ciliate, acute ; flowers sessile. Calyx tubular, 33 lin. long, ¢- or 8-nerved, 4-toothed ; teeth acute, pilose outside, ciliate. Corolla- tube slender, 5-6 lin. long, erect, not bent, very narrow, slightly inflated above the calyx; lobes linear, about 1 lin. long, recurved on the margins. Style elongated. Capsule elliptic, 24 lin. long and slightly more than Buchnera.| XII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 391 3 lin. broad, laterally compressed.—Stellularia inflata, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 124. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Manioue, on the Upper Lualaba River, Briart. 36. B. tuberosa, Skan. Plant tuberous-rooted, 6-15 in. high, closely resembling B. Lastii and B. similis; stems freely branched. Leaves linear-lanceolate, up to 14 in. long and 1} lin. broad, acuminate, glabrous, or minutely and sparingly ciliate. Spikes very slender, unin- terrupted except sometimes the lowermost pair of flowers is shortly separated from the rest, almost as in B. similis, but the bracts are more ¢losely adpressed ; bracts lanceolate, 3-4 lin. long, acuminate, ciliate ; bracteoles linear, about 2 lin. long, ciliate. Calyx as in B. similis, but 3-4 lin. long. Corolla chocolate colour; tube up to 7 lin, long (much Jonger than the calyx), otherwise as in B. similis; lobes oblong, about I lin. long and 4-2 lin. broad, thick, involute along the margins in the ane State. Style 2} lin. long. Capsule narrowly oblong, 4—4} lin. ong. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Tuchila Plateau, Mount Mlanji, 6000 ft., Purves, 21! 37. B, usuiensis, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 121, t. 122, fig. C. An erect herb 14-2 ft. high, sparingly branched from the woody base; branches terete, leafy, rather densely covered with grey ‘pubescence ; internodes 4-6 lin. long. Leaves opposite or the upper subopposite, sessile, lanceolate or the upper linear-lanceolate, j-1} in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, acute, glabrous or with a few minute scabrid hairs on the midrib and margins, I-nerved. Flowers in slender imbricate Spikes 3-6 in. long; bracts linear-lanceolate or boat-shaped, 3 in. long; 1} lin. broad, acuminate, sparingly pubescent, becoming rigid in fruit ; bracteoles } in. long, similar to the bracts but much narrower. Calyx 3 in. long, sparingly pubescent; teeth subulate, 13-1} lin, long, the upper tooth smaller, acute, ciliate. Corolla-tube 7} lin. long, cylindric, curved, narrow, minutely pubescent inside and outside, having numerous stiff hairs at the throat inside and a few on the lobes; lobes obovate, 24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, slightly toothed. Anthers acute. Style 34 lin. long. Capsule oblong, about 3 lin. long, shortly beaked, bisulcate. —Striga senegalensis, T. Thoms. in Speke, Nile, Append. 642, not of Benth. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usui, 4500 ft., Speke § Grant, 204! 38. B. similis, Sian. Closely resembles B. Lastii in stems and leaves, but in every example seen the stems are simple, and as many as 9 arise from the common woody rootstock, Spikes terminal, up to 4 in. long or more, rather loose but uninterrupted except that the 1 or 2 lowermost pairs of flowers are shortly separated from the rest; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4—5j lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, glabrous except on the very sparingly ciliate margins, slightly keeled ; bracteoles 392 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). — [Buchnera. linear, acuminate, 24-3} lin. long, sparingly ciliate. Calyx 44-5 lin. long, glabrous except the sparingly ciliate teeth, somewhat scarious, irregularly 10-nerved, 5-toothed; teeth ovate-triangular to _linear- triangular, acuminate or setaceous at the tips, }—-1} lin. long, the upper- most smallest, and the lateral approximate in pairs. Corolla white, glabrous outside; tube curved from base to throat, cylindric, }—} in. long (not longer or only a little longer than the calyx), about } lin. broad ; lobes oblong, 2-23 lin. long, 3—1 lin. broad, usually flat. Anthers acute. Style 14-2} lin. long. Capsule linear-oblong, 3} lin. long, 1} lin. broad. Mozamb. Dist. British Gentral Africa: Nyasaland : between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mount Mlanji, Whyte ! 39. B. Lastii, Hngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 359, An erect undershrub 1-1} ft. high, drying black; stems 2 or more arising from a short thickened woody rootstock, simple or rather freely branched chiefly near the base, terete or somewhat angular, }—1 lin. thick, bifariously and minutely pubescent ; internodes 3-1} in. long. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile, lanceolate, 7-14 lin. long, 14-22 lin. broad, acute, glabrous, rather thick, entire or minutely denticulate. Spikes terminal, slender, 3-6 in. long; lower flowers in distant pairs (8-18 lin. apart) and the upper pairs much closer and imbricate in bud ; lowermost bracts like the upper leaves ; upper bracts broadly lanceolate, 3-5 lin. long, 1-l2 lin. broad, acute, concave, very sparingly ciliate; bracteoles very narrowly linear, 24 lin. long, very sparingly ciliate. Calyx 33-3} Jin. long, scarious, glabrous except the ciliate teeth, unequally 9- or 10- nerved, 5-toothed ; teeth very irregular, lanceolate or narrowly tl angular, acuminate, the longest 1} lin. long, the shortest about 4 lin. long. Corolla yellow-green or brown when dry, glabrous outside ; tube curved from base to throat, 44-4} lin. long, slightly and equally dilated near the apex; lobes oblong, 1} lin. long, 4 lin. broad. Anthers acute. Style 1} lin. long. Capsule narrowly ovoid-ellipsoid, about 2 lin. long. —B. kingaensis, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 404. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kinga Mountains; south-west slope of the Pikurugwe ridge, 8200 ft., Goetze, 1242! Portuguese East Africa: Makua Country; Namuli Hills, Last / 40. B. fulgens, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 478. A rather slender erect branched herb about 1% ft. high, shortly and hispidly pubescent ; stems leafless at the base, terete ; internodes 3-2 in. long ; branches often very slender and elongated, ascending. Leaves opposite or the upper subopposite, sessile, narrowly linear to linear-lanceolate, 1-10 lin. long, }-1 lin. broad, obtuse, much narrowed at the base- Inflorescence a lax few-flowered terminal spike or raceme ; flowers alternate, opposite or subopposite ; bracts broadly lanceolate, 1-1} lin. long, concave, shortly acuminate, almost glabrous on the back, ciliate ; pedicels 0-2 lin. long; bracteoles linear, $—1 lin. long. Calyx 34-43 lin. long, strongly 10-ribbed, sparingly and minutely pubescent outside, rather densely pubescent on the teeth inside ; teeth lanceolate-triangular, Buchnera.| XC11. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 3938 3-I lin, long, acute. Corolla bright scarlet or orange-red; tube about » lin, long, very narrow, cylindric, curved near the top, ribbed, nearly glabrous outside, pilose inside chiefly at the throat; lobes obovate or the upper obovate-rhomboid, 3—5 lin. long, 14-34 lin. broad, slightly and irregularly toothed, very sparingly ciliate below. Anthers acute. Style 1 lin. long. Capsule oblong, about 3 lin. long. Mozamb Dist. German East Africa: Uhehe; near Tengulingi, Goetze, 697! Lower plateau, north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson ! This plant yields a green colouring matter when macerated in water. 41. B. Baumii, Lngl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb, Exped. 367. An erect annual herb 1-1} ft. high, sparingly and minutely pubescent (often bifariously on the stem and branches); stem terete, sparingly branched, and with very short leafy branches in the axils of the leaves ; longer branches erect-spreading. Lower leaves rosulate, obovate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-1} in. long, 3-4} lin. broad, obtuse, cuneate at the base, minutely and sparingly pubescent and ciliate, thickened scabrid and revolute on the margins; upper leaves linear, mostly narrowly linear or filiform, 3-1} in. long, }—# lin, broad, obtuse, minutely pubescent, somewhat scabrid. Spikes terminal], dense at the apex, often interrupted below and elongating after flowering; bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1-1} lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, acute or acuminate, sparingly and shortly ciliate, nearly glabrous on the back, somewhat keeled ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 3~4 lin.long. Calyx 2}~3}4 lin. long, shortly and sparingly pilose, 10-nerved; teeth narrowly deltoid to subulate, 4—? lin, long, the uppermost tooth minute. Corolla bluish ; tube 4-4} lin. long, very narrow, cylindric, straight, pilose outside, densely pilose at the throat inside; lobes obovate, 17-2} lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad. Anthers acuminate. Style # lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Amboella; between Kassinga and the River Ku- bango, 4600 ft., Baum, 225! 42. B. humpatensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i, 777. A slender erect branched annual herb 9~12 in. high, glabrous except some small callous scales chiefly on the leaves; stem angular, usually bright purple-red; branches opposite or the upper alternate, ascending. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, up to 1} in, long and } in. broad, acute, slightly narrowed at the base, I-nerved, sprinkled over and bordered with callous points. Flowers Subsessile, usually opposite (the pairs about 4 in. apart), in terminal spikes 2-6 in. long; bracts broadly ovate or ovate-elliptic, 14-8 lin. long, concave, minutely 2- or 3-toothed at the apex, glabrous or nearly 80; bracteoles 0. Calyx 1}-2 lin. long, slightly puberulous ; tube campanulate-oblong ; teeth about } lin. long, ovate, acute. Corolla- tube nearly cylindric, scarcely curved, green, 1} lin. long, glabrous; lobes 5, somewhat unequal, narrowly obovate, about $ lin. a Anthers obtuse. Style scarcely more than } lin. long. Capsule 1{-2 lin. long, ellipsoid, bisulcate, slightly emarginate. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in the damp pastures of Humpata and Nene, Welwitsch, 5798 ! 394 XC. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [| Buchnera. 43. B. leptostachya, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 497. A somewhat slender erect herb 1-2} ft. high, usually branched in the upper part, glabrescent or very sparingly sprinkled with minute hairs, often scabrid with minute white points on the leaves; stems and branches terete, with long internodes. Lower leaves elliptic, oblong or obovate, up to 3 in. long and 1} in. broad, obtuse ; upper leaves from linear-oblong to linear, 1-1} in. long, 14-4 lin. broad, obtuse or acute. Flowers in loose interrupted terminal spikes often from 6—9 in. long, very shortly pedicellate; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ovate or ovate-elliptic, 14-2} lin. Jong, acute or acuminate, concave, shortly hairy or glabrous except on the ciliate margin; bracteoles linear to linear-lanceolate, 3-2 lin. long, acute, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx 2}-4} lin. long, 10-ribbed or -nerved, 5-toothed, nearly glabrous except for a few hairs on the teeth; teeth narrowly deltoid to linear-triangular, }—1} lin. long, acute. Corolla dull blue purple or white ; tube 23-4 lin. long, glabrous or with a few short hairs near the throat outside, pilose inside, straight, cylindric ; lobes obovate, 3-14 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad. 495. Kilimanjaro; below Marangu, Volkens, 2137! Uhehe; Uchungwe Mountains, near Kissinga, Goetze, 582. British Central Africa: near Lake Tanganyika, Cameron ! Nyasaland; near Blantyre, Last / between Lakes Shirwa and Chiuta, Cunningham, 18! Rhodesia ; Leshumo Valley, Holub, 483! 484! Mashonaland, Hon, Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 259! Also in South Africa. 15, S. lutea, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 22, An erect slender parasitic herb, often 6-9 in. high (rarely under 3 or more than 12 in.), usually branched, seabridly hairy or sometimes villous, drying green or brown. Leaves alternate or opposite, narrowly linear or sometimes lanceolate, 2-1} in. (often about } in.) long, 4-2 lin. broad, acute or obtuse, entire, scabridly hairy. Spikes terminal, usually 4—6 in. long, distant-flowered ; bracts linear, 14-4 lin. long, obtuse or acute, scabridly hairy ; bracteoles similar but shorter. Calyx 24-4 lin. (usually 3 lin.) long, generally 10-ribbed, 5-toothed, scarious between the ribs, scabridly hairy on the ribs and teeth ; teeth stiff, subulate or narrowly triangular, }—1} lin. long, the uppermost usually smallest. Corolla scarlet, red, yellow or white ; tube 4~7 lin. long, very slender, glabrous or puberulous, straight and cylindric to about 1 lin. below the apex where it is distinctly curved and inflated; upper lip broadly obovate or almost obreniform, about 1 lin, long and 2 lin. broad ; lower lip 3-lobed ; lobes obovate or cuneate- obovate, 2-24 lin. long, 14~12 lin. broad. Style 3} lin. long. Capsule oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid, 13-2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad.— Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 363; Vatke in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 11; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i, 212; Hiern in Cat. Afr. iede: Welw. i. 780, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 382; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7.299. §. hirsuta, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 502; Schweinf. Beitr. F). Aethiop. 100 ; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 361; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. FL. Congo, i. fase. 2, 46, and Relig. Dewevr. 171; Engl. & Gilgin Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 369 ; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 226 ; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 142. S. hirsuta, var. humilis, Klotzsch, l.c. 227, 571. S. hirsuta, var. per pusilla, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 132. 8. pusilla, Hochst. ex Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 03. 8. zangebarica, Klotzsch, lc. 571, t. 35. S. coccinea, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 364, and in DC. Prodr. x. 503. 8. lutea, var. coccinea, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 240. Campuleia coccinea, +10 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEX® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Sériga. Hook. Exot. Fl. iii. t. 208. C. hirsuta, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 32. Buchnera asiatica, Linn. Sp. Pl. 630, partly. B. coccinea, Benth. in Wall. Cat. 3870, and Scroph. Ind. 40, not of Scopoli. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Morson! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 538 ! Nile Land. Eritrea: Assaorta, Pappi, 3344; Amasen, Ragazzi, 261. Gallabat : near Matamma, Schweinfurth, 178! Abyssinia : Gafta, Sehimper, 1209! Bongo: Gir, Schweinfurth, 2159! Addai, Schweinfurth, 2180! River Lesi, Schweinfurth, 4026! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1982! 2285! Uganda : Kavirondo; between Nandi and Mumias, Whyte / Elgon District, James ! Eatebbe, Brown, 21! British East Africa: Athi Plains, 5600 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6545! Nyika Country, Wakefield ! Lower Guinea. Loango: near Putumongo, Soyaur, 189! Angola: Pungo Andongo; by the River Cuanza, Welwitsch, 5881! between Luxillo and Cazella, Welwitsch,,5880! Huilla; between Lopollo and Jau, Welwitsch, 5819 ! by the River Kubango, Baum, 393! Lower Congo; Boma, Monteiro! Stanley Pool, Callewaert ! German South-west Africa: Amboland; Olukonda, Schinz, 16! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk! Frere! Hildebrandt, 1134! German East Africa: Zanguebar, Kirk, 67! Rovuma River, Kirk! Karagwe, Scott-Elliot, $179! Usambara; Amboni, Holst, 2689! Kilimanjaro ; Marangu, Volkens, 225! Portuguese East Africa : Mozambique, Hutton! Kirk! Namiqua Island, Hutton! Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk! Morambala Mountain, Scott! east coast of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 101! British Central Africa: Nyasaland : Nyika Plateau, 8000 ft., MceClounie, 60! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 369! Namasi, Cameron ! Rhodesia ; Gwelo, Gardner, 42! Matabeleland, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 128 ! the corolla is scarlet above and yellow below. 16. S. Forbesii, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 364. An erect herb up to 15 in. high, usually drying green; stem simple or sparingly branched, scabridly pubescent, often rather stout, leafy. Leaves opposite or subopposite, lanceolate-linear or lanceolate, 1-2} 10. long, 14-7 (usually 23) lin. broad, somewhat obtuse, shortly pubescent, very scabrid, more or less toothed, often callose at the apex of the leaf and teeth. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves ; bracteoles linear, about 5 lin. long, hispidly hairy, callose at the apex. Calyx 5-6 lin. long, 10-13-ribbed, deeply 5-lobed, scabridly hairy ; lobes linear- lanceolate, 23-4} lin. long, unequal, scarcely acute, callose at the apex. Corolla pink, scarlet or bright yellow; tube 10-11 lin. long, sharply curved and inflated at the apex, shortly pubescent ; upper lip 13-3 lin. long, 23-4 lin. broad, subtruncate or shortly 2-lobed ; lobes divergent, subacate or rounded; lower lip 3-lobed ; lobes oblong to broadly obovate, usually 3-5 lin. long and 22-5 lin. broad. Style 7-8 lin. long. Capsule oblong or ellipsoid, 3~4 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad.—DC. Prodr. x. 503 ; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 227; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361, excl. syn. ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i, 780, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 384. Buchnera Forbesii, D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 526. Cycnvwm pratense, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Leprieur, 5/ Wile Land. Gallabat: near Matamma, Schweinfurth, 179! Uganda: Elgon Striga.] XCII, SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 411 District, James! Nandi; Sibu, James! and without precise locality, Wilson, 26! 27! Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; by the Cuanza River, Johnston ! Lombe, Welwitsch, 5893! Mozamb. Dist. Pemba _ Island, Lyne! German East Africa; Usambara; Lutindi, 4900 ft., Holst, 3269! Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Forbes! Rios de Sena, Peters; foot of Morambala Mountain, Kirk ! near Mazaro, Kirk ! British Central Atrica: Nyasaland; North Nyasa and Upper Loangwa River, Nicholson! River Shire, Elephant Marsh and Nsese River, Scof¢/ north of the River Shire, Meller! Bechuanaland ; Bakwena Territory, 3500 ft., Holub ! Also in South Africa and Madagascar. S. Dewevrei, De Wild. & Durand in Comptes-rendus Soe. Pot. Belg. xxxviil. 99, from the Congo Free State, I have not seen. Judging from the description it is the same as, or very closely allied to, the above species. 17. S. latericea, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 311. Stems erect, rather slender, 1-23 ft. high, simple, sparingly leafy, somewhat densely covered With very small fine scarcely hispid hairs; internodes usually 2-3} in, long. Leaves mostly opposite, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1-1} in. long, 14-2} lin. broad, acuminate, 3-nerved, densely and shortly pube- scent, scabrid, with a few rather long and slender teeth on each side usually about the middle. Flowers in a terminal loose spike up to 6 in. long, and sometimes also in the axils of the uppermost leaves distant from the rest 3 bracts lanceolate, 3-5} lin. long, or the lowermost some- times up to 1 in. long, acuminate, rather densely and shortly pubescent, ciliate; bracteoles linear, 2-3 lin. long, densely pubescent. Calyx 6-7 lin. long, 15-17-ribbed, densely covered with tine short scarcely hispid hairs ; teeth triangular-ligulate, 2-4 lin. long, somewhat unequal, acu- minate, more or less distinctly 3-ribbed. Corolla brick-red ; tube 10-15 lin. long, sharply curved and inflated about 2} lin. from the apex, glandular-hairy except at the glabrous base ; limb 2-lipped, 7-10 lin, in 1am. ; upper lip broadly obovate to transversely oblong, 3—4 lin. long, 43-6 lin. broad, subtruncate or emarginate; lower lip deeply 3-lobed ; lobes broadly obovate to obovate-oblong, 43-5} lin. long, 3-4} lin. broad, rounded, the median rather larger than the others. Anthers oblong, $ lin, long, obtuse. Style nearly as long as the corolla-tube, clavate at the apex. Capsule oblong, about 4 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, somewhat compressed, beaked.—Cycnium strictum, Eng]. Pil. Ost-Afr. C. 361. ; Wile Land. British East Africa: near Magi Chumoi, 570 ft., Kassner, 474° citi Hamoud, Késsner, 645! Wanga, Smith! Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Duga; Holst, 3201. Masheua, Holst, 8838 ; Hosiga, Holst, 2532! 18. S. somaliensis, Skan. Stems erect, 6-12 in. high, simple, about I lin. in diam., covered with short fine hairs, few-leaved, bearing near the base several pairs of rudimentary leaves or scales; upper Internodes 1} in. long. Leaves in 2 or 3 pairs, linear-lanceolate ,14—1} im. long, 14-2 lin. broad, acuminate, quite entire or very few-toothed, densely and shortly pubescent, somewhat scabrid. Flowers opposite or 412 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Striga. subopposite in loose terminal spikes 4—7 in. long, the lower sometimes widely separated from the rest; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2-7 lin. long or the lowest up to 1 in. long, acute or acuminate, densely and shortly pubescent, more or less scabrid ; bracteoles linear, 14-34 lin. long, densely pubescent. Calyx 4—1} in. long, densely and hispidly pubescent outside and inside, the hairs inside longer and somewhat adpressed, 15- or 16-ribbed ; teeth triangular-lanceolate, 14-37 lin. Jong, acuminate, somewhat unequal. Corolla orange-red ; tube 3—} in, long, sharply curved and slightly inflated near the apex, thinly covered except at the glabrous base with rather long gland-tipped hairs; limb i1-12 lin. in diam., 2-lipped; upper lip broadly obovate, 4—5 lin. long, 6-7 lin. broad, deeply emarginate; lobes rounded ; lower lip deeply 3-lobed ; lobes oblong or obovate-oblong, 6-7 lin. long, 3$—4 lin. broad, slightly apiculate. Anthers narrowly oblong, } lin. long, obtuse. Style about 54 lin. long, dilated at the apex. Nile Land. Somaliland: Ononuf, James & Thrupp ! 19. S. pubiflora, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 227. A slender erect herb, 1 ft. high; stem simple or branched above, slender, quadrangular, glabrous below, somewhat scabrid towards the apex. Leaves opposite below, alternate above, linear, 10-15 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, subacute, attenuated at the base, quite entire, revolute on the margin, white-subtuberculate-scabrid. Flowers 4-9, alternate, in loose spikes terminating the stem and branches, shortly pedicellate ; bracts and bracteoles subulate, scabrid, 2-5 lin. long. Calyx tubular, lo- ribbed, scabrid, 5-toothed, 53 lin. long; teeth lanceolate-subulate, 13 lin. long, scabrid inside and outside. Corolla salver-shaped, 2-lipped ; tube 10 lin. long, narrow, villous, geniculate-incurved and somewhat inflated above the middle; upper lip broadly truncate-obovate, 4 as long as the lower; lower lip 3-lobed ; lobes obovate, } in. Jong, 2 lin. broad, finely pubescent on the margins and outside. Capsule PG long, 2 lin. broad, compressed, acute ; valves recurved at the apex after dehiscence.—Eng]. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa : Mozambique, Peters. : Var. sansibarensis, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Stem up tu 18 in. high, scabridly pubescent everywhere, but more densely towards the apex. Calyx 3-% in. long 5 teeth up to } in. long. Corolla white ; tube 1-12 in. long, straight below, curved and inflated from 2-3 lin. below the apex; upper lip 4 in. long and 4 in. broad ; lobes of lower lip 3-% in. long, 5-54 lin. broad. Capsule ovoid, about 3 lin. long and 2} lin. broad.—Striga zanzibarensis, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 310. : Wile Gand. British East Africa: coast near Lamu Island, Hildebrandt, 1907! Wateruma (Duruma), Kassner, 134! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mafia Island, Kirk! Usambara 5 Tanga, Heinsen, 87! Muoa, Holst, 2989! Usagara, Kirk/ Portuguese Eat Africa: in swamps at Dondo, near Beira, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 247! British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1174! 20. S. euphrasioides, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 364. An erect annual herb, 6-18 in. high, almost glabrous or more or less Striga. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 413 covered with short stiff hairs, usually very scabrid; stem simple or freely branched ; branches erect-spreading. Leaves mostly alternate, linear to linear-lanceolate, }-2 in. long, 3-2 lin. broad, rather acute, entire or few-toothed. Flowers axillary, solitary, alternate, forming long lax terminal spikes; lower bracts leaf-like, the upper linear to subulate, 2—4 lin. long, shortly and finely pubescent ; bracteoles linear, 1}-2 lin. long, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx tubular, 5—54 lin. long, prominently 15-ribbed, 5-toothed, hispidly pubescent ; teeth lanceolate, slightly unequal, 14—1# lin. long, elongating in the fruiting stage, acute. Corolla rather densely white-pilose on the upper part of the tube and on the outside of the limb; tube about } in. long, abruptly curved about 4 in. from the base and inflated at the curve; upper lip broadly obovate, emarginate or truncate, 14-2 lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad ; lobes of the lower lip narrowly obovate to obovate-oblong, 25-3 lin. long, 1{-1} lin. broad, obtuse. Capsule ovoid, } in. long, 13 lin. broad, apiculate ; valves recurved at the apex after dehiscence.—DC. Prodr. x. 903; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 299. Buchnera euphrasioides, Vahl, Symb, iii. 81; Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 855. Mozamb. Dist. Britisii Central Africa: Nyasaland; Fort Hill, Tanganyika Plateau, 3500-4000 ft, Whyte! Nyika Plateau, 6500 ft., Me Clounie, 178! Also in India, Ceylon and Java. 21. S. Klingii, Shan. An erect annual herb about 1 ft. high, drying green or brown, densely covered with fine but very stiff grey hairs which are much thickened at the base; stem simple or shortly branched near the apex, quadrangular, about 1} lin. thick, somewhat leafy. Leaves opposite, linear-oblong to lanceolate, }—1} in. long, 2-3} lin. broad, obtuse, slightly narrowed at the base, entire or with a few obscure teeth, thick, callose at the apex, extremely secabrid. Spikes terminal, cylindric, 3-4 in. long, } in. broad, densely-flowered, often with 1 or more short spikes just below the terminal one; bracts imbri- cate, broadly lanceolate, about } in. long, 14-1} lin. broad, acuminate, with long stiff hairs on the margin and short ones on both surfaces ; bracteoles linear, 2-3 lin. long, stiffly hairy. Calyx about 3b lin. long, 10-ribbed (4 of the ribs very prominent), 5-toothed, stiffly hairy ; teeth narrowly triangular to linear, acuminate, unequal, ats lin. long. Corolla red, rather densely pubescent outside; tube 5 lin. long, curved and slightly inflated from the middle to the apex; upper lip somewhat quadrate, emarginate, scarcely 1 lin. long and broad ; lower lip 3-lobed ; lobes elliptic-oblong, 14-13 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad. Style 2} lin. long, clavate and emarginate at the apex. Capsule oblong, 2-2 } lin. long and nearly 1 lin. broad, apiculate—Buchnera Klingii, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. Xvili. 72, t. 3, figs. R—S. Upper Guinea. Togo : Assumafaru, Buettner, 293. Ketschem Timoy, Buettner, 221! Northern N igeria : Borgu, in swamps, Barter, 758 ! 22. S. macrantha, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 503. A somewhat stout erect herb 2-4 ft. high; stem usually branched above, quadrangular, bisuleate, scabridly hairy. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate to lanceo- 414 XCII, SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Striga. late, up 3} in. long and } in. broad, scarcely acute, obtusely serrate, 3-nerved, shortly pubescent, very scabrid. Spikes terminal, quadrangular, densely-flowered, 14-5 in. long, }—} in. broad, densely covered with slender glandular hairs; bracts broadly ovate to obovate, 2$—4} lin. long, 15-24 lin. broad, obtuse or acute ; bracteoles lanceolate, 2}—3 lin. long. Calyx 1-4 in. long, 10- or 11-nerved, 5-toothed, densely glandular- pubescent ; teeth triangular, 1-1} lin. long, thick. Corolla white, pilose outside ; tube 84-10 lin. long, slender, sharply curved near the apex; upper lip very broadly obovate, 15-2 lin. long, 34 lin. broad, subtruncate or somewhat emarginate; lower lip 3-lobed; lobes obovate-oblong, 24-31 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad. Style about }$ in. long. Capsule ellipsoid-ovoid, 34 Jin. long, 2 lin. broad—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 780. Buchnera macrantha, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 866. B. Buettneri, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 72, t. 3, figs. T—U,, and in Schlechter, Westafr. Kautschuk-Exped. 314. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 607! Gambia, Brown-Lester, 34! Sierra Leone : about Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 4474! Winwood Reade ! Bumban to Port Lokko, Scott-Elliot, 5677! Scarcies, Scott-Elliot, 4455! Togo: Bismarck- burg, Kling, 179, 180, 183, and without precise locality, Buettner, 350. Lagos, Millen! Millson, 39! Rowland! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 985! Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; mountains of Alto Queta, Welwitsch, 5907! Quibola, Monteiro ! 23. S. Warneckei, Engl. MSS. An erect rather slender herb 12-18 in. high, thinly covered with fine somewhat short spreading hairs, scabrid; stems simple, leafy, with short internodes. Leaves opposite, narrowly linear, up to 14 in. long, 1-4 lin. broad, obtuse, somewhat incurved along the margins. Spikes terminal, interrupted, very slender, 2 in. long or more; flowers alternate; bracts linear, leaf-like below, gradually becoming shorter upwards, hispidly hairy ; bracteoles linear, i lin. long, hispidly hairy. Calyx 21-2} lin. long, scarious, 5-nerved, irregularly slit into 5 linear-triangular acuminate teeth, rather long and hispidly hairy on the upper part and on the teeth. Corolla-tube about 24 lin. Jong, somewhat constricted in the middle, inflated above, but scarcely curved, thinly 10-nerved, very minutely pubescent and sprinkled over with minute capitate blackish glands; upper lip > lin. long, % lin. broad, truncate ; lobes of the lower lip oblong, scarcely $ lin. long. Style 1} lin. long, truncate and somewhat triangular at the apex, Upper Guinea. Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 201! 24. S. Baumannii, Lngl.in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 515,t. 12, figs. O—T. A tall glaucous-green glabrous herb with a short stock and strong branched roots; stems 2-4 or sometimes more, slender, 14-3 ft. high, sometimes sparingly branched near the middle, terete below with long internodes, quadrangular above with shorter internodes. Leaves @ small, scale-like, closely adpressed to the stem, the lower ovate oF oblong-ovate, acuminate, only 14-2} lin. long and 1 lin. broad, opposite. Spikes very slender, 4-12 in. long, remotely-flowered below; bracts Striga. | XCII, SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 415 opposite, lanceolate, 14-2? lin. long, acuminate, glumaceous, concave ; bracteoles subulate, 1-1} lin. long. Calyx 33-4 lin. long, narrow, about 15-nerved, glabrous except for a few minute hairs on the margins of the teeth, rigid, 4-toothed (or sometimes with the uppermost tooth present but very minute) ; teeth narrowly lanceolate, 14-1} lin. long, acuminate, rigid. Corolla dark yellow, glabrous outside; tube 4~5 lin. long, narrow, slightly curved and inflated above the calyx; limb 2-lipped, both lips being strongly recurved in the dried state; upper lip deeply 3-lobed ; lateral lobes lanceolate, 2 lin. long; uppermost lobe much broader, shortly bifid; lower lip linear, 1-1} lin. long. Style 14 lin. long. Capsule narrowly oblong, about 3 lin. long—Engl. in Schlechter, Westafr. Kautschuk-Exped. 314, Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius, Scott-Elliot, 5085! Togo: Misahohe, Baumann, 29; near Quamikrum, Schlechter, 12945! Imperfectly known species. 25, Buchnera linearifolia, Schwmach. &: Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 279. Root simple, remotely scaly, white. Stem very often solitary, quite simple, prismatic-quadrangular, very scabrid with minute ad- pressed hairs, about 1 ft. high, erect. Leaves opposite, linear, scarcely 2 lin. long, quite entire, distant below, imbricate above, adpressed, acute, gradually attenuate at the base, very scabrid like the stem. Flowers axillary, solitary, sessile, flesh-coloured, twice as long as the leaves. Calyx tubular, erect, 5-toothed, covered with adpressed hairs ; upper- most tooth least, the others approximate in pairs. Corolla tubular, pubescent outside; tube 3 times longer than the calyx, erect, cylindric below, gradually dilated and recurved at the throat; limb 2-lipped, gaping ; upper lip obtuse, unequal on the margin ; lower lip 3-fid, with linear acute lobes. Ovary oblong, quite glabrous, having a nectar- bearing gland at the base. Style simple, as long as the stamens; stigma rather thick, semi-bifid.— Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 499. Upper Guinea. (Gold Coast: in a valley near Fredriksburg (Cape Coast Castle), Thonning. This is evidently a Striga. 42, CYCNIOPSIS, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 233. Flowers as in Striga, but the ovary differs in having less thickened placentas, which only slightly project into the cells, the seeds are much fewer and very much larger.—Small perennial herbs having procum- bent branches with short internodes. Leaves small, opposite, almost sessile, sometimes secund. Flowers axillary, subsessile. Species 3, all in Tropical Africa, 1 extending to South-west Arabia. Corolla-tube 11-15 lin. long; limb 9-12 lin, in diam. . 1. C. humifusa. Corolla-tube 8-12 lin. long; limb 7-9 lin. in diam. Leaves obtuse, rounded at the base; corolla-tube con- tracted or not enlarged above the curve. . 2. C. obtusifolia. 416 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [C'ycniopsis. Leaves acute or subacute, cuneate at the base; corolla-tube gradually enlarged from the curve totheapex . < . . c . 3. C. minima, 1. C. humifusa, Lngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 233. 2 egy Stuhlmannii, Dammer . « . suaveolens, Boj.. . subexarmatum, Dun. subulatum, Wright . suffruticosum, Schousb. :. 9: . symphystemon, De Wild. & Dur. . taitense,; Vutke . . teitense, Dammer . tettense, Al... « texanum, Dun. . . Thomsoni, Wright . thonningianum,Jacq. Thruppii, Wright . 245 Welwitschii, Wright : var. oblongum, 593 age Solanum (coxtinued) tinctorium, Welw. . 218 togoense, Dammer 246, 571 tomentellum, Al. . 237 torvum, Sw. . .« . 231 var. compactum, Wright . . « 232 trepidans, Wright . 237 trilobatum, L. . . 226 umbrosum, Vahl. 233 uncinatum, #. Br.. 246 unguiculatum, A. Bich 5% 231 urbanianum, Dammer . . « 236 usaramense, Dammer. . « . 246 vagans, Wright. . 229 verbascifolium, J. . 221 vesicarium vir- ginianum, Moris. 247 villosum, Mill, . . 219 violaceum, Jacq. 232 Volkensii, Dammer 215 243 212 226 227 212 217 217 216 234 conferta, S. Moore . decumbens, Hiern 447, densiflora, Skan . dregeana, Benth. « var. tenuifolia, Engl. & Gilg . dregeana, Benth. . Eenii, S. Moore. . Eminii, Engl. . . filiformis, G. Don . Ttformis, Hiern. Hildebrandtii, Wright . we 214 var. strictum, Wright . . 213 withaniifalinm, Dammer . . 572 xanthocarpum, var. Schraderi, Dunes . 234 zanzibarense, Vatke 230 Sopuovia 7)... . 444 angolensis, Engl. 453 argentea, Hiern 452 Buchneri, Lngl. 451 Candei, Terr. 7 406 cana, Hiern . 453 Carsoni, Skan . 455 Vatke = 456577443 karaguensis, Oliv, , 448 kituiensis, Vatke , 442 2Q d94 ; INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page Page Sopubia (continued) Sporledera Streptocarpus, (con- ee: Engle 2. 404 krausseana, Bernh. 564 tinued) ar. angustifolia, triloba, Benth. . . 564 benguelensis, C. B.Cl. 506 5 - + « 454) Staurogyne . . . . 262 Buchanani, C. B. Cl. 510 latifolia, Engl. . . 449] Stellularia . . . 374 breviflos, C. B. Cl. 506 leprosa, S. Moore . 453 inflata, De Wild. | 391 caulescens, C. B. Cl. 510 Mannii, Skan . . 450 nigrescens, Benth. . 390 caulescens, Hk. f. . 508 Monteiroi, Skan. . 454 nigrescens, Hiern . 390 var. pallescens, obtusifolia, G. Don . 437 nigricans, Benth. . 390 Engle 6 ee parviflora, Engl. . 452} Stemodia. . 6 S18} itnent Vathe . 507 ramosa, Hochst. . 449 ceratoph ylloides, K ; Cooperi, C. B. Cl. . 506 scopiformis, Vatke . 458 Schum. y o1e elongata, Engl. . . 509 similis, Skan. . . 447 senegalensis, Desf. . 314 glandulosissima, simplex, Hiern . . 451 serrata, Benth. . . 314 | Bagh eee simplex, Hochst. . 450 tenera, K. Schum. . 317 hirtinervis, C. B. Cl. 507 trifida, Buch.-Ham. 446 | Stemodiacra Holstii, Engl. . . 508 var. decumbens, ceratophylloides, katangensis, De Skan. . « . 447 Hien 5. . 318 Wild. & Dur. . 506 forma humilis, seasilifiora, Hiern 5318 Roku, HE. £. 4. 608 Regt ts «6:4 452 tenera, Hien . . 317 lagosensis, C. B. Cl. 511 var. madagas- Stemodiopsis . . . 314 Mahoni, Hk. f.. . 505 cariensis, Hk. f. 450 Buchanani, Skan . 315 monophylla, Welw. . 506 var. ramosa, humilis, Skan . . 316 montana, Oliv. . . 507 Bagh ios 4 48 Rive, Engl.. . . 315 nobilis, C. B. Cl. . 511 ugandensis, S, Stereospermum se OLY, pallidiflora, C. B. Cl, 508 Moore =. 3. 455 acuminatissimum, parviflora, EK. Mey. 507 Welwitschii, Zngl. . 448 K. Schum. . . 519 rivularis, Hngl.. . 508 var. micrantha, Arguezana, A. Rich. 518 ruwenzoriensis, ERG 448 arnoldianum, De Baker . - = 0 Sotor Wild: 2... 618 Saundersii thio, — Fenzl . 538 bracteosum, K. var. ibs: C. Spath stacey 628 PONUM 6. 5) S20 B. . 506 iniiaia Kl. . 524 cinereo-viride, K. Saag eas 6 Galil adenantha, G. Don 521 Schum. . - 518 Smithii, C. BE Cis Sit campanulata, dentatum, A, Rich. 518 sp., Oliv. Se es al) BeQue. .. 55.) 529 discolor, K. Schum. 518 tubiflos, C. B. Cl. . 506 ae nulata, S. harmsianum, K. Volkensii, Engl. . 510 Moore . . . 530 Schum., . - 520| Striga . . sg GL danckelmaniana, integrifolium, A. aspera, Benth. . . 403 Biittn.. © =. . 599 Rich. . . 518 var. filiformis, Jenischii, Sond... 521 katangensis, De Benth: (0, 403 levis, Beauv. . . 521 Wild. . 520 var. Schweinfurthii, levis, Planch. . . 521 kunthianom, Chan: 518 Skan . . . 408 levis, T. Thoms. . 518 molle, K. Schum. . 518 Barteri, Engl. . . 406 lutea, Benth: . ..525 senegalense, Mig. . 518 Baumannii, Engl. . 414 nilotica, Seem. . . 529 Verdickii, De Wila. 520 brachycalyx, Skan . 403 pentandra, Hook... 521 Zenkeri, K. Schum. 519 canescens, Engl. . 406 puberula, Kl. . . 523 | Stictocardia coccinea, Benth. . 409 sp:, Olive = 4 518 beraviensis, Hall. f. 201 Dewevrei, De Wild. sp.,T. Thoms. .. . 530 laxiflora, Hall. fs. = 201 & Dur:;. 3: . 411 speciosa, Brongn. . 521 multiflora, Hall. f. 202 — Benth... 408 stenocarpa, Welw. . 523 | Streblanthera euphrasioides, tenuifolia, Boj. . . 524 olecefolia, A. Rich. 47 enth: =: - 412 tomentosa, Benth. , 528 trichodesmoides, Forbesii, Benth. . 410 tulipifera, G. Don . 529 Stend.. 44.3549 gesnerioides, Vatke . 402 zanzibarica, Boj. . 524 Streptocarpns . . 504 glandulifera, Engl. . 406 Spiranthera balsaminoides, Eng gl. 509 hermonthica, Benth. 407 pentaphylla, Bojer . 109 var. tenuifolia, hirsuta, Benth.. . 409 Turpethum, Bojer . 102 Bagl. se ).-610 var. humilis, Kl... 409 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page Page Striga (continued) Sutera (continued) Tournetortia (con- var. perpusilla, A. Gossweileri, Skan . 307 tinued) Rich =... 409 grandiflora, Hiern . 308 subulata, Hochst. . 32 humifusa, Benth. . 416 hereroensis, Shan . 301 zeylanica, er 32 humilis, Hochst. . 416 heucherifolia, /Ziern 306 | Toxostigma. . « 66 Klingii, Skan. . . 413 huillana, Hiern. . 309 luteum, A. Rich. - OG latericea, Vatke . 411 lyperizeflora, Skan . 305 purpurascens, A. lutea, Zour. . . . 409 Maxii, Hiern . . 307 Riche. 3.3. 2 Ob var. bicolor, O. pedunculosa, O. Kze 301 | Trachystigma . . . 50% Ke) 3) wa 2 410 serrata, Benth., . 314 Mannii, UC. B. Cl. . 503 var. coccinea, O. tomentosa, Hiern . 305| Trichodesma . . . 44 Kze%e 409 Welwitschii, Shan. 304 africanum, R.Br. . 48 - Micrantha, A. Rich. 404 anbacensis, Welw.. 46 orchidea, Hochst. . 402 | Taneecium arenicola, Giirke . 50 orobanchoides, pinnatum, Willd. . 537 Baumii, Giirke . . 50 Benth... . . »@ 402] Tecoma Bentii, Bak. d Wr. 49 Passargei, Engl. . 403 africana, G. Don . 537 calathiforme, Hochst. 49 pubiflora, Al. . . 412 Brycei, N. E. Br. . 515 dekindtiannm, var. sc ena a capensis, Lindl,. . 514 Othe 2 ee Engl. . . 412 Nyassee, Oliv. . 514 droogmansianum, pusilla, Hochst. . 409 nytkensis, Baker . 515 De Wild. & Dur. 47 Rowlandii, Engl. . 405 shirensis, Baker . 515 glabrescens, Giirke . 48 schimperiana, Whytei, Wright . 515 pron dient Baker 49 moosec «. . 807 |S ecomara 32. bid liocharis, S.Moore 45 senegalensis, Benth. 408 capensis, Spach. . 514 Hildebrandtii, Giirke 48 senegalensis, 'T. Krebsu, Ki... . . 514 hispidum, Bak. & Thoms. . . 391 Nyasse, K. Schum. 514 WH esa 45 somaliensis, Skan . 411 Peters, Kil.. . . 514 kotschy yanum, Fenzl 51 strictissima, Skan . 407 schirensis,K.Schum. 515 lanceolatum, Schinz 47 Thunbergii, Benth. 404 shirensis, AK. Schum. 515 macrantherum, var. grandiflora, Thunbergianthus , . 439 ROUERS on i SO Benth, ........406 Quintasii, Hngl. . 439 Medusa, Baker . 45 var. grandiflora, : Thunbergiopsis - « 439 oleefolium, Baker . 47 Engl. . - 405 | Tiaridium pauciflorum, Baker . 48 Thunbergii, A. Rich. 407 indicum, Lehm.. . 32 physaloides, A.DC. 46 Warneckei, Engl. . 414| Torenia . . - 334 Schimperi, Baker . 47 Welwitschii, Engl. . 405 affinis, De Wild. . 335 stenosepalum, Baker 45 zangebarica, Kl. . 409 angolensis, Skan . 335 zeylanicum, &. Br. 51 zanzibarica, Vatke. 412 auriculefolia, Tripinnaria Strigina. . ae Dombr. . . 330 africana, Spreng. . 537 pusilla, Engl. ee 8 inequalifolia, Engl. 335 | Trixago Strobila Mannii, Skan . . 336 apula, Stev.. . . 459 hispidissima,G.Don 56 nana, Benth. . . 331 Sutera. . 298, 299 parviflora, Buch.- Uncaria amplexicaulis, Hiern 306 Hane 335 procumbens, Burch. 548 atropurpurea, Hiern 309 var. brevipedi- Urbunia. . - 299 aurantiaca, Hiern . 302 cellata, De lypericeflora, Vatke 305 blantyrensis, Skan . 304 Wild... 336| Utriculana. . . . 469 burkeana, //iern . 308 plantaginea, Benth. 329 ambigua, DC. . . 496 canescens, Hiern . 303 pumila, Benth. . . 330 andongensis, VW ‘lw. 431 Carvalhoi, Skan . 307 pumila, T. Thoms. . 329 Baumii, Kam. . . 479 corymbosa, Hiern . 304 ramosissima, Vatke 336 benjaminiana, Kam. 491 var. huillana, Schwein furthii, Oliv. 333 bryophila, Rid. 484 Hiern. 32,5306 spicata, Engl. . . 334 cerulea, Oliv. . 482 dissecta, Walp... 298 var. uhehensis, charoidea, Stapf 493 dubia, Skan. .°. 305 Bagh. 4. 4 9a8 cucullata, Afz. . . 484 elegantissima, Skan 302 Pesca ey 4") cymbantha, Oliv. . 494 Jissifolia, 8. Moore . 303 argentea, L. f. 29 diantha, R. & S. . 496 glandulosa, Roth . 298 stenoraca, Klotzsch. 32 diploglossa, Kam. . 493 596 INDEX OF GENERA Page Utricularia (continued) diploglossa, Welw. elevata, Kam. . var. Macowant, . 494 . 476 Kame 6. 1. 400 exilis, Kam. . . 476 var. Ecklonii, Kami 3). 416 var. hirsuta, Kame 3 <= 476 exilis, Oliv. « 477 var. bryoides, Welw, . 3 2 478 var. nenatoscapu, een a 878 exoleta, 2. Br. 495, 575 firmula, Welw. 479, 574 foRhosa, L. . . 491 Gibbsie, Stapf . . 574 glochidiata, Wight . 486 hians, A,DC. . . 481 incerta, Kam. . . 496 inflata, Afz.. . , 484 inflexa, Vahl . . 488 Kirkii, Stapf 476, 574 linarioides, Welw. . 578 linearioides, Kam. . 478 lingulata, Baker . 481 madagascariensis, me Ore 6. 5 461 Mannii, Oliv. . 484 micropetala, Sm. . 483 neottioides . . . 487 obtusa, Sw. . . . 495 obtusata, Sw. 495 odontosperma, Stapf 474 Oliveri, Kam. - 488 var. Schwein- Surthii, Engl. . 488 var. fimbriata, Ba > a olygosperma, St. bo Nee . 192 orbiculata, Wall. . 486 platyptera, Stapf . 492 prehensilis, 2. Mey. 480 var. hians, Kam. 481 var. huillensis, me eS a var. lingulata, Kam. 481 var. parviflora, Oliv. . - 481 reflexa, Oliv. - 492 reflexa, Oliv. 492, 493 Utricularia (continued) reticulata, Oliv. . . rigida, Benj. . sanguinea, S. Moore sanguinea, Oliv. . Sch weinfarthii, Baker as Sp Ks fs sp Olivers 3 spiralis, Sm. . : euler, 27. ss var. coromunde- liana, DC.. . var. dilatata, Kant.) <6 var. breviscapa, NGS Sg var. dilatata, Kame oe. 4 var. filiformis, Kanes 2 3 striatula, Sm... suaveolens, Afz. . subulata, Z.. . . var: inequalis, Kame. var. minuta, Kam. Thonningii, Schumach, . . tortilis, Welw. var. andon -— Wami co” transrugosa, Stapf 473, tribracteata, Hochst. trichoschiza, Stapf . tricrenata, Baker . uliginoides, Kam. . villosula, Stapf. . Welwitschii, Oliv. Ovedalia 478, 5 nana,E. Meyer. . : Valliacapo-molago, aap. eat Hee aa eee Vandellia . . . -i diffusa, L. . “ var. pedunculata, Benth. . . lobelioides, Oliv. . nummularifolia, D. Don, oo senegalensis, Benth. senegalensis, O. Kze AND SPECIES. Vandellia (continued) sessiliflora, Benth. . Varronia abyssinica, DC... Veluttsia . . calycina, Hiern. ~ Verbascum . . . erianthum, Benth, . : Schimperi, Skan somaliense, Baker Ternacha, Hochst. . : Verbena supina,L. . + Veronica. . abyssinica, Fres. «i africana, Hook. f. . Anagallis, 2. . «3 var, aquatica, Schwi =. 25 anagalloides, Guss. . aquatica, Bernh. Beccabunga, var. minima, Engl. . « var., A. Rich. ae ee Engl. filiformia, "A. Rich. glandulosa, Hochst. Gune, Schif. javanica, Bl... . Maddeni, Edgew. ; Mannii, Hook, f. montanu, Avetta myrsinoides, Oliv. . petitiana, A. Rich. . simensis, Fres. . violzefolia, Hochst. a WOgErensis, Hochst. . : Volkameria angolensis, O. ren : antirrhinodes, Q. Kze sesamodes, O. Kze triphylla, O. Kze Withania . . arborescens, Dun. . aristata, Paug. . . Holstii, Dammer . somnifera, Dun. . Zenkerina 2.3. & 6: Printed by BALLANTYNE & Co. LimiTEpD Tavistock Street, London. évientale, O. | Kze ; 5 Page