HARVARD UNIVERSITY v Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology VOLUME 84, NUMBER 316: MAY 9, 1933 MUS. COMP. ZOOL. LIRRARY MAY 3 1 1982 UNIVERSITY Ostracodes of the “Winifrede Limestone” (Middle Pennsylvanian) in the Region of the Proposed Pennsylvanian System Stratotype, West Virginia by I. G. Sohn Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York, 14850 U.S.A. E E. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTION Officers AN E Sere лы л Een ee ee BRUCE M. BELL NER TERE ЮЕ tence ne WILLIAM A. OLIVER, JR. DCRR v oou ЕЕЕ я PHILIP C. WAKELEY ЕБЕ S e IE LR e С Марти. ROBERT E. TERWILLEGAR ASSISTANT SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT TREASURER ............ JOHN L. CISNE URE GU ле C I RM ЗЕЯ PETER R. HOOVER ЕСАБ СИОН А HENRY W. THEISEN Trustees BRUCE M. BELL (to 6/30/84) WILLIAM A. OLIVER, JR. (to 6/30/83) RICHARD E. BYRD (to 6/30/83) JoHN POJETA, JR. (to 6/30/85) JOHN L. CISNE (to 6/30/85) JAMES E. SORAUF (to 6/30/85) LEE B. GIBSON (to 6/30/83) ROBERT E. 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Hoover Director Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York 14850 U.S.A. 607-273-6623 VOLUME 84, NUMBER 316 MAY 9, 1983 Ostracodes of the “Winifrede Limestone" (Middle Pennsylvanian) in the Region of the Proposed Pennsylvanian System Stratotype, West Virginia by I. G. Sohn Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York, 14850 U.S.A. Library of Congress Card Number: 83-61460 Printed in the United States of America Allen Press, Inc. Lawrence, KS 66044 U.S.A. CONTENTS ШЕН тынық ааа db 5 SA КЫ i A SIC ES SO MOT 5 Acknowledgments Ne Sr caselle ЛТ Л AOE. ENE 3 oer ie Beate dU соло a ші fe 6 Paleoecology Gut e eg mene Sie E y eg me 7 bu сес РИ ИМЕНЕ ted 9 Systematic Paleontology Introduction ааа Та 9 Voucher ОООО RECUR ee 10 мне К te ЫКЫ UD. 10 аны УЕ M у ы лыш ул М 11 сана ы TT О бет хол кл. 11 Туре REPO MOE е Feen MESE TUS 11 Collection Localities 22222... 11 Philosophical болу етанол о esis ee 11 TOTNES ЫК ie ws terete ms как» абызы «hatte 11 Order Paleocopida Suborder Kirkbyocopina SUPE Ут ан аи лимени 11 Family Amphissitidae (Gens n D ASSUM CORE eu. ETT S 11 ӨШ РӘП EAT ИДИ Mende ein osas 12 Süubgenus-Amphikegelites 222222 200 12 ЕПК RAE оя 13 Family Kirkbyidae SOSA НИКИ KOV R E EA E LU ГАЙ 14 Gels EDO qe debe deeem. 14 Suborder unknown Superfamily Drepanellacea КАШУ КОШКУН ca Ea 15 Genus Kirkbyella Subseuus ВЕГА, Ve ЫБА ДИТИ. Io Superfamily Youngiellacea Family Youngiellidae GSnus V ОЕШ c n vor C 72227 16 "Order Palaeocopida Suborder unknown Superfamily Pseudoparaparchitacea ............... 17 Family Pseudoparaparchitidae .................. 17 Genus Рен одана CARESS etes as e beo 17 ronussMIGFODUYGD UH RIS saos erin cer на 17 Order unknown Superfamily unknown Баш Sansabelidae калы a А 19 Gen Se Sansabellaen ans Е Renate. 19 Order Podocopida SuDorden ParapathitocOpa eisai done von. душан e 19 Süperiamily Baraparchifacean 2 ee 2 un... 19 ВАУ Parapar Midas о ен aaas 19 Сепо лсе а E 222220 20 Suborder unknown Superfamily unknown MAS uc iR M c M 20 Genus Р Ж ООШ ee 20 Suborder Bairdiocopina SupertamilysBamdiaceae a. lates. кан. а e 22 БатшуаВашапаяе ned ui ak ee dud 22 COS Ио ој е а 22 (еппен NOOO оо EAA 23 (ПОЛЕ АТО Ше ee 23 (батша алт Қабатта ee 23 Suborder Cytherocopina Superfamily Cytheracea Family Bythocytheridae Се ООСО аана р io e a E 24 NUDOS Моана 222222122222 222. 26 Supeilamilysklealdiacea ne, 26 Family Healdiidae (бо теш. eom um see 26 Genus Бона Оба us ies eio dis es e Рај Grder БІНЕУСОрТИНЕ nce tte ror eas Î 29 Suborder Platycopina Süpeklamiiys@avellnacease se tere о 29 Family Cavellinidae (апта АЛЛА а a a 29 АБЕН CONGCUOR LOCUS trys cares. cers ias ce ow 31 iaa ПӘЛЕСІ MR с лы: ERE 2 32 o А ВАТА а САРА ДР ser. 37 pudo ez Nae st СЕ ПЫ 22... 49 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Text-figure Page Б. Map showing dive locaton of о Шесто localtiessim West VEIN een ee ele CEN Fee en eL 6 2. Suggested correlation of Hennen’s Winifrede Limestone in West Virginia and the Magoffin Member of the Breathitt Formation Ib Acid NOS LIL VLOGS rant оО оаа en Release au 7 3. Кедер тайов Ob Covelinela t ТТ НЕМ ee 2.0... ies ee 0 22 ай LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Occurrence of Pennsylvanian ostracode species illustrated or recorded in West Virginia and Kentucky ........................ 8 2. Stratigraphic ranges:ot Pennsylvanian’ ostracode species outside West УТ Ша МТО 9 OSTRACODES OF THE “WINIFREDE LIMESTONE” (MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN) IN THE REGION OF THE PROPOSED PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM STRATOTYPE, WEST VIRGINIA By I. G. SOHN U.S. Geological Survey Washington, DC ABSTRACT The Winifrede Limestone of R. V. Hennen* occurs in the upper one-third of the Kanawha Formation in central and southern West Virginia. This thin calcareous, fossiliferous shale represents one of the most widespread marine incursions into the central Appalachian basin during the Middle Pennsylvanian. Collections of invertebrate fossils from this marine tongue contain 24 taxa of marine ostracodes assigned herein to 19 genera, one of which, Amphissites Girty, 1910, includes the new subgenus A. (Amphikegelites). The following taxa are new: A. (Amphikegelites) henryi, Bairdiolites astigmaticus, Cavellinella? pricei, Kirk- byella (Berdanella) ricei, “МісғорағарағсһИев” reductospinosus, Monoceratina winifredeana, Plavskella englundi, Pseudo- bythocypris? enigmatica, and Shishaella saundersi. All the new species, previously described species, and species referred to in open nomenclature in this study are present also in rocks of Atokan age in one or more of the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Texas. Except for Cavellinella? pricei n. sp., Moorites minutus (Warthin, 1930)?, and Shishaella saundersi n. sp., all the taxa are present in rocks of Atokan age either in the Magoffin Member of the Breathitt Formation or in shale above the Hindman coal bed of the Breathitt Formation in Eastern Kentucky. On the basis of known Stratigraphic ranges of the ostracode species in states other than West Virginia, the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen correlates with the Atokan Provincial Series of the Midcontinent; the ostracode data verify the age assignment of this marine tongue that is based on the macrofauna. INTRODUCTION The Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) at its !ype-locality is a fossiliferous dark-gray shale with two thin interbedded limestone beds. This member is 1.86 m (6.1 ft) thick, and its top is about 22.8 m (75 ft) below the base of the Winifrede coal bed at the type-locality southern Kanawha County, West Virginia (Henry and Gordon, 1979, p. 102). Much of the material for this Study (about 11 kg [25 lbs]) was collected from a carbonaceous shale above the Chilton(?) coal bed at the Harewood section (Englund, Arndt, and Henry, 1979, P. 31, Stop 188) from an interval labelled *‘Win- ifrede(?) Limestone" (USGS [U.S. Geological Sur- Уеу| colln. 12971-PC). This collection yielded more than 4,000 well-preserved ostracode specimens rep- resenting all the species herein described as new. Ac- Cording to later work by Henry (oral commun., July, 1981), this collection definitely is derived from Hen- Пеп” Winifrede Limestone. Henry and Gordon (1979, P. 102) listed the macrofauna in this interval and sug- Sested an Atokan age. Two collections (USGS collns. 26713-PC and 26774-PC) from the type-locality of the Inifrede also were processed for ostracodes, but the Ux Rl c Km * : Ww 1914, in Krebs, C. E., and Teets, D. D., Jr., Kanawha County, est Va. Geol. Survey [County Rept.], p. xxvi-xxvili. ostracodes at this locality are not so well-preserved, and are lower in abundance and diversity than ostra- codes from the Harewood section. All the newly de- scribed species have their type-localities in surface outcrops. The relatively few specimens from borehole cores illustrated in this study are shown for compari- son. Collecting localities in West Virginia are shown in Text-figure 1. The purpose of this study is to deter- mine the age and correlation of the Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the following U.S. Geological Survey col- leagues: T. W. Henry, for the collections that insti- gated this study and for sharing his field notes and expertise; W. V. Sliter, for relieving me of other com- mitments so that I could complete this paper; and Mackenzie Gordon, Jr., for providing me with previ- ously collected samples from the type-locality of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) and for en- couragement and advice during the study. The SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) micro- graphs are by Mr. Walter R. Brown, and the prints are by H. E. Mochizuki. S. C. Bergman, T. M. Kehn, C. L. Rice, and V. M. Seiders, of the U.S. Geological 6 BULLETIN 316 Survey, and John Beard, of the Kentucky Geological Survey, collected the samples in Kentucky. Drs. Alan S. Horowitz, of the University of Indiana, and R. H. Shaver, of the Indiana Geological Survey, made avail- able Shaver’s types and identified specimens for com- parison. Dr. L. W. Knox, of the Tennessee Techno- logical University, donated copies of his unpublished plates (Knox, 1975). Dr. H. H. Bradfield, Dallas, Tex- as, presented me with specimens other than types from his 1935 publication, and the late Dr. M. F. Marple donated topotypes of Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952. AGE OF THE OSTRACODES The ostracodes in the Winifrede Limestone of Hen- nen (1914) are Atokan in age (Text-fig. 2). Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi n. sp., Aurikirkbya ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959, Kirkbya magna Roth sensu Cooper, 1946, ‘‘Microparaparchites’’ reductospino- sus n. sp., Bairdia isoscelata Shaver, 1959, and Or- thobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927) are present in the Atokan part of the Tradewater Formation in Butler County, Kentucky (USGS colln. 12974-PC), additional evidence for an Atokan age of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914). The ostracodes, how- ever, cannot be used to resolve which part of the Ato- kan is represented by Hennen’s Winifrede Limestone. Species illustrated in this study and their occurrence in West Virginia and Kentucky are shown in Table 1. In this table, those taxa that are illustrated on Plates 1-11 bear an ‘‘x’’, those mentioned in the discussions of the taxa and documented by voucher specimens deposited in the U.S. National Museum of Natural History (USNM) bear an “о”, and those specimens, not deposited in the USNM, that were identified in samples from boreholes in West Virginia and surface samples in Kentucky, bear a ‘‘+’’. The borehole sam- ples in West Virginia are aggregated under a single USGS collection number for that borehole; individual collection numbers are listed in the Appendix. The following species in West Virginia have not yet been identified in Kentucky: Amphissites (A.) sp. aff. A. robertsi Morey, 1935, Amphissites (Amphikege- lites) n. sp. A, Pseudobythocypris? enigmatica n. sp., and Shishaella saundersi n. sp. Table 2 shows the stratigraphic ranges outside of West Virginia of the new and identified ostracode species in the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914). The age of Hennen's Winifrede Limestone is deduced from this table. Plavskella englundi n. sp., Cavellinella? pricei n. sp., “Microparaparchites”” reductospinosus n. sp., and Bairdiolites astigmaticus n. sp., are present also in the Morrowan of Kentucky and Oklahoma and are there- fore not usable for age determination of Hennen's Winifrede Limestone. Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935, Orthobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927), and Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928) have been recorded in younger Pennsylvanian rocks; con- sequently, they are also not usable for correlation of Hennen's Winifrede Limestone. The remaining nine taxa listed in Table 2 are restricted to rocks of Atokan age. Hennen's Winifrede Limestone in West Virginia contains eight species in common with the Magoffin Member of the Breathitt Formation in eastern Ken- tucky (Table 1; USGS colln. 21413-PC) and six addi- tional species in common with collections from the shale above the Hindman coal bed in eastern Ken- tucky (Table 1; USGS collns. 12920-PC, 12923-PC, and 12927-PC). The Hindman coal bed is about 76.2 m (250 ft) above the base of the Magoffin Member (Rice and Smith, 1980, fig. 1, measured section 3). The Magoffin Member of the Breathitt Formation is early Atokan in age (Rice et al., 1979, p. F18). This member is about 70 m (230 ft) above the base of the 50 MILES 50 KILOMETERS 5 te Huntington Bluefield| 7 AS N 280722750" \ en Ғы ES S S > S ied S b 552 3 n N 4 & ~ [150 ~ + (2.24) Ф е "| "А > S 9 IS 49 چ‎ «© y AQ NY = “чу $ rar ЖЕУ А 99 e XVI NE 38°7'30" 81°37'30" ; 81°7'30" Text-figure 1.—Map showing the location of collecting localities in West Virginia. Localities are described in the Appendix. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN Я Kendrick Shale Member (Morrowan) of the Breathitt Formation in the area of the type-section, and about 140 m (460 ft) above the base of the Kendrick Shale Member in the area of its reference-section (Rice, 1980, p A119). The ostracodes in Hennen's Winifrede Limestone corroborate Henry and Gordon's (1979, p. 102) suggested Atokan age for Hennen's Winifrede Limestone, which is based on marine megafossils and the correlation with the Magoffin Member of the Breathitt Formation in eastern Kentucky. PALEOECOLOGY Arndt et al. (1979, p. 29) and Flores and Arndt (1979, P. 115) postulated a depositional model for the Middle *nnsylvanian Series in the proposed Pennsylvanian System Stratotype in West Virginia. They interpreted the strata that comprise the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) to have been deposited in a shallow Marine bay, The Harewood section, from which most 9f the ostracodes illustrated herein were collected, is represented in that model as a marine bay-fill deposit. Because all the ostracodes in Hennen's Winifrede Limestone are marine, they confirm the above model of deposition. The absence of species of nonmarine ostracode gen- era, known from Pennsylvanian deposits (Sohn, 1977a), that would have to have been distributed passively, as described by Victor, Dance, and Hynes (1981), indi- Cates that the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) Was deposited at a distance sufficiently removed from Provincial en j Kentucky W. Virginia Series 3 E Atok ie vent OKan ie 5 Magoffin Winifrede 8 8 Member 8 Limestone 2 Е 8 іл (жшс жә (AG АЕЦ Eu E 5 3 ps m E = а 5 = a EE E 5 8 Kendrick Morrowan А S z Shale x Member ri hie 2.—Suggested correlation of Hennen's Winifrede po in West Virginia and the Magoffin Member of the Breath- Formation in Kentucky. the delta plain that contemporaneous freshwater forms did not reach those areas. Among the marine ostracode species in the Win- ifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), some belong to groups (genera, families, or superfamilies) that were probably burrowers and others belong to groups that I think were probably capable of swimming, because their descendants swim. Burrowers are those ostra- codes that lacked swimming setae; these consist of two groups that have a certain amount of ecologic overlap. One group of burrowers lives in the substrate. These burrowers part the sediment particles as they crawl; the other group consists of ostracodes that move within the pores between the sediment particles—true interstitial and subterranean forms. Swimmers are those ostracodes that have swimming setae that enable them to lift themselves into the water column to move from one place to another or from one plant to another. The probable burrowers are: Species in Cavellinella Bradfield, 1935, in the Platycopida of Sars, 1866. Living species of Cytherella Jones, 1849, in the same Order, are incapable of swimming. Species in Healdia Roundy, 1926, and in Pseudobythocypris Shaver, 1958, [superfamily Healdiacea Harlton, 1933]. Hartmann and Puri (1974, p. 18) tentatively assigned the living Saipanettidae McKenzie, 1968, to the Healdiacea. Maddocks (1972, p. 30) was of the opinion that the Saipanettidae should be retained in the Healdiacea as orig- inally suggested by McKenzie (1967, p. 112). She illustrated the antennule of a male of Saipanetta bensoni Maddocks, 1972 (p. 34, fig. 3b), a form that is incapable of swimming. McKenzie (1967, p. 107, fig. 2a) illustrated the first antenna (antennule) of the type- species, Saipanella cloudi (= Saipanetta McKenzie, 1968) that has on the fifth and sixth segments long ‘‘trailing sensory bristles” that are feathered. The second antenna (McKenzie, 1967, fig. 2b) is with- out natatory bristles, and, therefore, the organism was incapable of swimming. Species in Monoceratina Roth, 1928, in the superfamily Cytheracea Baird, 1850. Most members of this group are incapable of swim- ming. Species in Pseudoparaparchites Kellett, 1933, Kirkbyella (Berdanella) Sohn, 1961, and Moorites minutus (Warthin, 1930), which are rela- tively small and have a weak hinge structure. These three genera and Plavskella Samoilova, 1951, have an overall similarity to certain interstitial subterranean nonmarine ostracodes of post-Paleozoic age (Danielopol, 1980); consequently, they were probably crawlers. Species in Bairdia McCoy, 1844, Bairdiacypris Bradfield, 1935, and Bairdiolites Croneis and Gale, 1939, in the superfamily Bairdiacea Sars, 1888. Sylvester-Bradley (in Moore, 1961, p. Q201) noted that post-Paleozoic species of Bairdia have been regarded as close rel- atives of the freshwater genus Cypris Müller, 1776, and have been united with that genus in the Cyprididae Baird, 1850. It should be noted that the Cyprididae are swimmers as opposed to crawlers and burrowers. Although the soft parts of the two groups are indeed closely related, Maddocks (1969) illustrated antennae of living Bairdiidae that do not have swimming setae. Nothing is known re- garding the soft anatomy (appendages) of the Paleozoic represen- tatives in the Bairdiacea, and although the superfamily may be poly- phyletic, a non-swimming ability is assumed for the group. 8 BULLETIN 316 Table 1.—Occurrence of Pennsylvanian ostracode species illustrated or recorded in West Virginia and Kentucky. X = illustrated specimen, O = voucher specimens deposited in the collections of U.S. National Museum of Natural History (USNM), and +, ?+ = occurrence not documented by voucher specimens. All collections from boreholes in West Virginia are listed under a single number here and in the Appendix. x — illustrated specimen WEST VIRGINIA KENTUCKY O — voucher specimen in USNM : 2 mus. y + - present in collection 5 x Е 5: x E 5 = z 5 Е y Е 5 z 2 И x E - = ?+ - identification uncertain 5 a а 5 б 5 $ Б Б > a 5 5 а 5 E 8 Amphissites (A.J) sp. aff. A. robertsi Morey, 1935 0 x Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi n. sp. SO ыы Ol она. Ол X. 2202-75 o o Xd ete A.(A.) n. sp. A. x + + A.(A.) spp. 4 + Ae Se Kegelites spp. ar de e + Aurikirkbya ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959 eel CE (1708959 OR Rae sk Kirkbya magna Roth sensu Cooper, 1946 x о E Kirkbyidae indet. ЕН E ar ann are} kar Kirkbyella (Berdanella) ricei n. sp. + x о х Moorites minutus (Warthin, 1930)? x Moorites spp о an X x Pseudoparaparchites spp ТЕ % х *'Microparaparchites'' reductospinosus n. sp. Ха x o ©0 0 + xcu Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952 x о о о Plavskella englundi n. sp. O, 0 0 (еі te о о Shishaella saundersi n. sp. x Bairdia isoscelata Shaver, 1959 DUX + Е Orthobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927) E Тап Va re ЖЕ ar Bairdiolites astigmaticus n. sp. EE O 2 о Bairdiacypris cf. В. rectiformis (Shaver, 1959) 5507 Ж E ар 015107 б. 0 Bairdiacypris spp. + T ar р + Bairdiidae spp. undet. a qe ar a Ашы Monoceratina winifredeana n. sp. Xx cp PT о о о an x M.aff. M. macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941 A + x x Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935 > о а о о х + Healdia spp. ER + + + Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928) KT an + о Р.? enigmatica п. sp. X X NE cre ТР Cavellinella? pricei n. sp. 160 0 ЕЕ о The probable swimmers аге: Species in the genus Sansabella Roundy, 1926. The spinelets illus- trated on Pl. 4, figs. 20, 21, 23 suggest the presence of a marginal frill that would negate a burrowing habit. Bless (1967, p. 104) sug- gested that Sansabella was a burrower. Species in Amphissites Girty, 1910, in the superfamily Kirkbyacea Ulrich and Bassler, 1906. The marginal frills and flanges in this group (Sohn, 1961, p. 115, fig. 18) would serve as obstacles to burrowing activity. No evidence exists from which to infer the ecologic niche of Shishaella Sohn, 1971, and of “Micropara- parchites”” reductospinosus n. sp. The weak hinge and structure of the carapace of the latter suggest a low- energy environment, as postulated by Rice et al. (1979, p. F19) for the Magoffin Member of the Breathitt For- mation in Kentucky where this species is also present. They interpreted the Breathitt Formation to have been WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 9 Table 2.—Stratigraphic ranges of Pennsylvanian ostracode species outside West Virginia. I—Illinois, 2—Indiana, 3—Kentucky, 4—Mis- Souri, 5--Оһіо, 6—Oklahoma. Morrowan Plavskella englundi n. sp. 3,6 Cavellinella? pricei n. sp.” 3,76 "Microparaparchites'' reductospinosus n. sp. 3 Bairdiolites astigmaticus n. sp. 3 Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi n. sp. A. (4.7 n. sp. A. Kirkbya magna Roth sensu Cooper, 1946 Aurikirkbya ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959 Kirkbyella (Berdanella) ricei n. sp. Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952 Bairdia isoscelata Shaver, 1959 Bairdiacypris cf. B. rectiformis (Shaver, 1959) Monoceratina winifredeana n. sp. Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935 Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928) Orthobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927) deposited in small shallow bays or tidal channels. Hennen’s Winifrede Limestone was also deposited in Such an environment. The Swimming ostracodes could have been omni- VOrous; the presence of marine vegetation (thallose algae) during Pennsylvanian time in the shallow bays SUggests that some were probably herbivorous. The Crawling ostracodes probably fed on detritus. he species in West Virginia that have been record- ed from Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and as far away as Oklahoma and Texas (Table 2) indicate that 9Stracodes were widely distributed in Middle Penn- Sylvanian seas west and southwest of West Virginia. STRATIGRAPH Y The Winifrede Limestone was named for an expo- Sure in the north bank of North Hollow of Fields Creek, South of the mining community of Winifrede, Kana- Wha County, West Virginia (Hennen, 1914, p. xxvi). 1S limestone (unit 17 of Hennen, 1914) at its type- Ocality consists of about 0.15 m (6 in) to 0.3 m (1 ft) of Impure fossiliferous limestone and occurs about 21.6 П (71 ft) below the Winifrede coal bed and about 14.9 m (49 ft) above what may be the Chilton coal bed. *cording to T. W. Henry (oral commun., July, 1981), * Winifrede includes more than unit 17 of Hennen PENNSYLVANIAN Atokan Des Moinesian Missourian 3 22359 Virgilian 3200 EO 3 15343) 5 1525955 15216 1 las! 1,4 1 1 5 2506 1,4,6,7 4 2 (1914), because the fossiliferous dark-gray shale (1.86 m (6.1 ft) thick, with its top about 22.8 m (75 ft) below the base of the Winifrede coal bed) should be added. Hennen's Winifrede occurs in about the upper one- third of the Kanawha Formation as used by Krebs and Teets (1914). According to Henry and Gordon (1979, p. 102), Hennen's Winifrede is represented at the Harewood section in Fayette County by units 112 and 113 (Englund, Arndt, and Henry, 1979, p. 29); most of the illustrated ostracodes were collected from the Harewood section. Henry and Gordon (1979, p. 102) listed an extensive mega-invertebrate assemblage and stated that this assemblage appears to be post-Mor- rowan and that an Atokan age is suggested. SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY INTRODUCTION Laboratory Techniques Except for the recent Quaternary-O method and preparation for the use of the scanning electron mi- croscope (SEM), the techniques to disaggregate rocks in order to remove ostracodes, pick them, and prepare them for study and photography have been described by Sohn (in Moore, 1961, pp. Q64—Q70). The new de- velopments are discussed below. Quaternary-O.—Quaternary-O (Q-O) is a highly concentrated commercial detergent designed for in- dustrial use (to clean machined products). For use in micropaleontology, one part of alcohol and two parts of Q-O are mixed in a blender at low speed. The Q-O is added slowly to one of the several types of alcohol and mixed until it is completely dispersed and a smooth “5іоск”” solution is formed. One part of the dispersed О-О (“stock”” solution) is diluted with five parts of warm water, and enough such solution is added to cover a sample in a metal vessel. The pot is covered to prevent evaporation and to preserve the concentra- tion of the Q-O in solution and the mixture is simmered for one or more hours. Vigorous boiling causes suds that may lift microfossils and cause them to overflow and dry on the hot stove. Repeated heating and cooling cycles may help break down the rocks. When break- down is complete, the sample is washed through a screen in the usual manner; thorough final washing with warm water is necessary to prevent formation of a white crystalline deposit on the fossils. The Scanning Electron Microscope.—SEM photo- micrography differs from conventional photography in that the picture is not produced by light reflected from an object, but rather is a record of the emission of low-energy (secondary) electrons caused by electron bombardment of an object in a vacuum chamber. The primary electron beam scans (moves across the spec- imen) in the same manner as in a television camera, and the emitted electrons are collected and converted into a magnified video image of the specimen. This image is photographed to provide a picture. Those electrons that do not contribute to the video signal are drained from the specimen by an ultrathin coating of gold or one of several other metals that conducts the charge to a grounded metal stub to which the specimen is attached by one of several adhesive substances. I paint a narrow band along the periphery of the metal stub that is inserted into the vacuum chamber of the SEM with a dilute solution of Elmer’s Glue in distilled water, and dry the stub at room temperature for at least 24 hours. Selected ostracodes are then po- sitioned on the thin band of glue with a wet, size 00 camel-hair brush. The moisture on the brush is suffi- cient to wet the dry glue so that the specimen becomes attached to the stub. The stub and its adherent spec- imens are then coated with ultrathin layers of carbon and gold-palladium. If the specimen is to be removed from the stub either for permanent storage or for reorientation for addi- tional views, a drop of water on the specimen will soften the glue. Among others, the carapace illustrated BULLETIN 316 on Plate 4, figures 10-14, was posed twice: figures 12 and 13 were made when the carapace was attached along the ventroanterior margin; for figures 10, 11, and 14, the carapace was removed and repositioned so that the right valve was attached to the stub. The stub and the attached specimen can be rotated in the vacuum chamber 360° in the horizontal and tilted up to 90° in the vertical plane, features that make it possible to obtain pictures of as many as five views of the attached specimen without breaking the vacuum in the chamber. This variety of possible orientations causes the shadows on SEM micrographs to differ from those in conventional light photographs of fossils in that the light source may not appear to be from the upper left, the convention for orientation of illustra- tions of fossils on plates. The magnification deter- mined from the settings of the SEM may vary as much as 5% from actual magnification: consequently, sev- eral views of the same specimen at the same settings will not have the same magnification. When the scan- ning beam moves horizontally, the outline of the os- tracodes differs slightly from that obtained when the beam scans in the vertical direction; consequently, the outline may not be a direct replica of the original. Voucher Specimens Voucher specimens are specimens other than ho- lotypes, paratypes, and figured specimens that I have identified and deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, in.order to document the presence in the collection of a taxon indicated in the text and on Table 1. Taxa indicated on Table 1 by a “+” or a “2--” are represented either by fragments or by specimens so poorly preserved that their designation by a USNM catalog number is not warranted. Measurements Because most of the measured specimens are single valves, I did not measure the width. All recorded mea- surements were made by means of a Carl Zeiss bin- ocular microscope using an ocular micrometer that has 0.1 mm divisions, and then the nearest 0.01 mm was visually estimated. Because some of the ostracodes are partly abraded and some have missing parts, I do not consider it worthwhile to use a monocular micro- scope that has a moving reticle accurate to the nearest 0.001 mm (Sohn, 1950, pp. 38, 39). For specimens that have parts missing (illustrated оп РІ. 6, figs. 18, 22; Pl. 10, fig. 11; and Pl. 11, fig. 18), I added a “+” to the measurements in order to show that the specimen is larger than the recorded measurement. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 11 Format Except where noted in the discussions, the hier- M above the generic level follows that of Moore 61). Terminology _ The morphologic terms used are defined in the Trea- tise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Moore, 1961, pp. 047-056). Type Repositories USNM: National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560 U.S.A. IU; InUPC: Indiana University Paleontological Collection Department of Geology Bloomington, Indiana 47401 U.S.A. InGS: Indiana Geological Survey Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana 47401 U.S.A. Collection Localities All the locality numbers listed in the Appendix are Part of the USGS [U.S. Geological Survey] Upper Pa- leozoic card catalog. Collections from cores in each borehole are listed under the locality number that re- fers to the location of that borehole, not necessarily Stratigraphic or numerical sequence. The occur- rences listed in Table 1 are under the USGS collection Number that refers to the location of each borehole, Or of each surface collection. E&R = Internal report Оп referred collection. Philosophical Considerations The current system of zoological nomenclature and classification dates back to the 18th century when Ca- rolus Linnaeus, the Swedish naturalist, popularized in his Publications the binominal system of classification. Although this system may not be the best possible Method of classification and nomenclature in light of Current technological sophistication, it has been uni- Versally accepted for more than two centuries. The System offers a language to scientists of all nations for International communication that results in stability in Zoological nomenclature. Concepts of classification unique to paleontologists are elucidated by Hoover n. 1, p. 38). The concept of a species may and some- Mes does differ among paleontologists depending on ё © group studied and the preservation of the partic- аг collections on hand. In this study I used the following criteria in discrim- inating, describing, and naming new taxa on the species and genus level: 1. Adequate preservation. 2. Occurrence at more than one locality, or if from a single locality at least 10 specimens. 3. When present, ontogenetic series, adductor attach- ment muscle scar patterns, hingement, and dimor- phic features. The identification of previously described species is based on adequately preserved specimens that were compared with type material or published descriptions and illustrations. Where comparative material was not available to me, or if my specimens were inadequately preserved, I used *'aff." to indicate that the taxon on hand is related to but not identical with the named species, and *'cf."' to indicate that the preservation of either the specimens on hand or the types of the named species is inadequate to determine without any doubt the conspecificity of the two. Aurikirkbya ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959 was used because I do not con- sider Aurikirkbya triseriata Shaver, 1959 as a species in Aurikirkbya Sohn, 1950, and because the revision of the species referred to this genus is beyond the scope of this study. Class OSTRACODA Latreille, 1802 [1804] See Sohn (1977b, pp. 8-10) for a discussion of the ordinal classification. Order PALAEOCOPIDA Henningsmoen, 1953 Suborder KIRKBYOCOPINA Gründel, 1969 Superfamily KIRKBYACEA Ulrich and Bassler, 1906 Geologic range.—Devonian through Lower Trias- sic. Sohn (1970, p. 197) established the family Knight- inidae based on Carinaknightina Sohn, 1970, from the Lower Triassic in the Salt Range, West Pakistan. Family AMPHISSITIDAE Knight, 1928 Genus AMPHISSITES Girty, 1910 Amphissites Girty, 1910, p. 235; Sohn, 1961, p. 115 (see for syn- onymy and discussion). Type-species.—A. rugosus Girty, 1910, p. 236 [no illustration]. First illustration by Roundy, 1926, p. 7, pl. 1, figs. la-c. Fayetteville Shale, Washington Coun- ty, Arkansas. Geologic range.—Middle Devonian through Perm- ian. 12 BULLETIN 316 Subgenus AMPHISSITES Girty, 1910 Amphissites (Amphissites) sp. aff. A. robertsi Morey, 1935 Plate |, figures 1-4 Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935, p. 478, pl. 54, fig. 20. [Amsden Formation, Fremont County, Wyoming]; Sohn, 1961, p. 121, pl. 8, figs. 23-26; Sohn, 1975, p. G6, pl. 3, figs. 46-61. Because only one crushed carapace and a left valve from two borehole cores in the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) are available, the taxon is presented in open nomenclature. The specimens differ from Am- phissites robertsi Morey, 1935, from the Mississippian part of the Amsden Formation in Wyoming, in size, in lateral outline, and in that the inner rim does not continue to the dorsal margin. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325027; Pl. 1, figs. 14) 0.81 0.50 Unfigured Specimen (USNM 325028) 0.95 055 Morey’s (1935) types measure: Lectotype, greatest length 1.01 mm, greatest width 0.59 mm; Paralecto- type, greatest length 1.00 mm, greatest height 0.51 mm (Sohn, 1961, p. 121; 1975, p. G6). Geographic distribution.—Rare in borehole cores from the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) in Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 25727- PC (USNM 325027), and in Kanawha County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12917-PC (USNM 325028). Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Subgenus AMPHIKEGELITES new subgenus Etymology of name.—Intermediate between Am- phissites and Kegelites. Type-species.—Amphissites (Amphikegelites) hen- гут ІП, өре Diagnosis.—Differs from Amphissites Girty, 1910, in lacking distinct anterior node or carina, and from Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933, in having a dorsal crest (shield). Discussion.—In a previous study (Sohn, 1961, p. 115) I discussed and illustrated the carinae, nodes, and dorsal shield of Amphissites and illustrated a specimen (1961, pl. 7, figs. 44, 45) that had retained a fluted marginal rim. My reconstruction (1961, p. 115, text- fig. 18) postulated that the marginal rims and probably the carinae, although generally preserved as smooth lines, may actually have been frills and, thus, may have served an as-yet-unknown physiological func- tion. The specimen of Amphissites sp. aff. A. robertsi Morey, 1935, illustrated on Plate 1, figures 1—4 also has a fluted marginal rim and is shown because it is associated with specimens of Amphissites (Amphike- gelites) henryi n. sp. in a core (USGS colln. 25727- PC), and to demonstrate the difference between the two subgenera. The hingement is typical of the Am- phissitidae (Pl. 1, fig. 5; Pl. 2, figs. 8-10). In a recent study (Sohn, 1977c, p. 152, pl. 1, figs. 51, 52, pl. 3, figs. 9-13) I described and illustrated Late Mississippian and Early Pennsylvanian specimens in open nomenclature as ''Kegelites" and commented that they might belong to an as-yet-undescribed genus; this subgenus is here established. A carapace from a bore- hole core is illustrated herein (Pl. 1, figs. 18, 19) to show the differences among Amphissites (Amphis- sites), A. (Amphikegelites), and Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933. Members of this group were swimmers. Geologic range.—At present known from the Upper Mississippian to Middle Pennsylvanian. Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi new species Plate 1, figures 5-7; Plate 2, figures 1-10; Plate 5, figures 10-16; Plate 11, figure 13 Etymology of name.—In honor of Dr. Thomas W. Henry, U.S. Geological Survey, who shared his ex- tensive knowledge of the stratigraphy in the stratotype area. Holotype.—USNM 325029. Paratypes.—USNM 325030 through 325034, 325078. Type-locality.—Type locality of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), Kanawha County, West Virginia, USGS collns. 26713-PC, 26774-PC. Other localities .— West Virginia: Fayette County, USGS collns. 12971- PC (USNM 325030), 26774-PC (USNM 325029, 325031), 25725-PC (USNM 325032, 325034, 325078), 25726-PC (USNM 325035), 25727-PC (USNM 325033). Kanawha County, USGS collns. 12908-PC (USNM 325036), 25644-PC (USNM 325037), 25656-PC (USNM 325038), 25669-PC (USNM 325039), 25683-PC (USNM 325064), 25685-PC (USNM 325065), 25688-PC (USNM 325066), 25689-PC (USNM 325067), 25691-PC (USNM 325068). Kentucky: Leslie County, USGS collns. 12927-PC (USNM 325040), 12923-PC (USNM 168210 [specimen broken]), 21413-PC (USNM 168220). Butler County, USGS colln. 12974-PC. Diagnosis.—Subcentral node not well developed, posterior node capped by strong carina extending to approximate level of kirkbyan pit; with or without shorter, weaker anterior carina; inner ridge with two or three reticulations below pit, starts approximately WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 13 two-thirds up posterior margin close to outer rim, ex- tends forward subparallel to and three or four reticu- lations above outer rim, curves upward subparallel to anterior margin with width of rim bounding walls of reticulations. Measurements (in mm).— nn ага greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 325033; Pl. 5, figs. 11, 12: left valve) 0.50 0.32 nee (USNM 325032; Pl. 5, fig. 10; left valve) 0.80 0.47 ы (USNM 325078; Pl. 1, figs. 5—7) 0.80 0.47 Fee (USNM 325029; РІ. 2, figs. 1-4) 0.81 0.40 aratype (USNM 325031; Pl. 2, figs. 6-10; left valve) 0.81 0.47 T (USNM 325030; РІ. 2, fig. 5; Pl. 5, 85. 15, 16; left valve) 0.82 0.50 сове (USNM 325034; РІ. 5, figs. 13, 14) 0.85 0.50 st iy Specimen (USNM 168220; РІ. 11, 8. 13) 0.78 0.48 Discussion.—The reticulations along the anterior part of the valves tend to be aligned subparallel to the e Margin so that the walls of the reticulations a elongated ridges. These ridges vary from none - 2, fig. 1) to three (PI. 2, fig. 5) and are not capping ап anterior node as in A. (Amphissites) (Pl. 1, fig. 2). me Carapace (PI. 5, figs. 13, 14) has on the right valve а ridge formed by the walls of the reticulations sub- Parallel to the anterior margin that curves backwards ies ~ three reticulations below the anterior portion of а crest, but has no similar ridge on the left ü €ographic distribution.—See above, other locali- es, Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Amphissites (Amphikegelites) new species A Plate 5, figures 17, 18 DEM edente harltoni Cooper. Marple, 1952, p. 935, pl. 134, fig. 19 mil ae (Poverty Run) Member” of Pottsville Formation, hot Ec Au County, Ohio]. i 4. ES emites harltoni Cooper, 1946, p. 102, pl. 15, fig. 44. sin 8elites harltoni (Cooper). Sohn, 1961, p. 129, pl. 7, figs. 50, 9 л Pe o rothi Bradfield, 1935. Shaver and Smith, 1974 (part), de T pl. І, fig. 12 [not figs. 13-16 = Shleesha pinguis? (Ulrich T pork 1906)| [‘‘Lead Creek Limestone Member of Mans- ormation’’ (Atokan), Hancock County, Kentucky]. sou SCussion.— Cooper (1946, p. 102) described Ec- ne harltoni and illustrated in lateral outline the lan ep from the "Seville Limestone." His illustra- has 0€s not show a ridge on the posterior node like On the specimen shown on Plate 5, figure 18. He ШӘ дұ ferred Amphissites sp. Harlton, 1933, from the Johns Valley Shale (Morrowan), to his species. Marple (1952) illustrated a right valve from the “Роуегіу Run (= Lowellville) Member" of the Pottsville Formation in Ohio that differs from Cooper’s holotype in having a ridge on the posterior node, like the one shown on Plate 5, figure 18. Sohn (1961, pl. 7, figs. 50, 51) reil- lustrated Harlton’s specimen of Amphissites sp. in dorsal and left views, and that carapace has neither a ridge on the posterior node nor a dorsal crest as shown on Plate 5, figure 17. The carapace designated here as Amphissites (Amphikegelites) n. sp. A (USNM 325041) is similar to Marple’s specimen. Shaver and Smith (1974, pl. 1, figs. 12-16) illustrated a right valve of Amphissites rothi Bradfield, 1935 (fig. 12) that has a dorsal shield, and two carapaces that do not have dor- sal shields (figs. 13-16). These carapaces belong to Shleesha Sohn, 1961. The single right valve (IU 11611) is 0.18 mm long and 0.5 mm high, smaller than the specimen from West Virginia, and its subcentral node and posterior ridge are more subdued. Because the dorsum of the specimen from Ohio was neither illus- trated nor discussed by Marple and because the spec- imen shown by Shaver and Smith (1974, pl. 1, fig. 12) is smaller, some doubt may exist as to the conspeci- ficity of the three; consequently, I am using open no- menclature for the illustrated specimen that was ob- tained from a borehole core (USGS colln. 12917-PC). Poorly preserved specimens that cannot be assigned to Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi n. sp. or this taxon are listed in Table 1 as A. (A.) spp. Measurements (in mm) — greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325041; PI SBE И 6) 0.90 0.50 Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS colln. 12917-PC (USNM 325041). ?Kentucky: Hancock County. ?Ohio: Muskingum County. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Genus KEGELITES Coryell and Booth, 1933 Discussion.—See Sohn (1961, p. 128) for a discus- sion of this genus. A specimen of this genus from a borehole core in Kanawha County, West Virginia, is illustrated on Plate 1, figures 18, 19. It shows the ab- sence of a dorsal shield that is diagnostic of Amphis- sites (Amphissites) and A. (Amphikegelites), which are illustrated on the same plate. Because specimens of this genus recovered only from borehole cores are 14 | BULLETIN 316 poorly preserved, their occurrences are shown in Ta- ble | as Kegelites spp. Geologic range.—Mississippian through Permian. Although in 1961 I had designated the range to be Up- per Mississippian, K. acutilobatus Rome, 1971, ex- tended the range to the Tournaisian. Kegelites sp. Plate 1, figures 18, 19 Discussion.—The illustrated specimen clearly does not have a dorsal shield. Although the boundaries be- tween reticulations on the lateral surface tend to form elongated ridges subparallel to the free margins, they do not coalesce below the dorsal margin. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 331632; Plot, figs. 18. 19) 0.91 0.5 Geographic distribution.—See Table 1. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Family KIRKBYIDAE Ulrich and Bassler, 1906 Genus AURIKIRKBYA Sohn, 1950b Aurikirkbya Sohn, 1950b, p. 35; Sohn, 1954, p. 9; Sohn, 1961, p. 140. %Aurikirkbya Shaver, 1959, p. 790; Shaver and Smith, 1974, p. 47. Type-species.—Kirkbya wordensis Hamilton, 1942, p. 713 [Permian, Glass Mountains, Texas]. Discussion.—1 had originally (Sohn, 1950b, p. 36) referred Kirkbya canyonensis Harlton, 1929, K. kel- lettae Harlton, 1929, and K. wymeni Kellett, 1933 to Aurikirkbya, but later (Sohn, 1954, p. 9) I noted that K. canyonensis was erroneously assigned to this ge- nus. Eight additional species of Pennsylvanian and Permian ages have been described in the genus, in- cluding Aurikirkbya triseriata Shaver, 1959. Current information indicates that not all the species referred to this genus are congeneric. The group that includes A. triseriata should be excluded. Because revision of this genus is beyond the scope of this study, I am referring to the specimens discussed below as Auri- kirkbya spp. ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959. Geologic range.—Mississippian(?), Pennsylvanian and Permian. Aurikirkbya spp. ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959 Plate 10, figures 3-6; Plate ІІ, figures 5, 6 Discussion.—The specimens illustrated represent more than one species. The individual shown on Plate 10, figures 5, 6is similar to the holotype of A. triseriata Shaver, 1959, in the configuration of the surface lobes. The specimen illustrated on Plate 10, figures 3, 4 dif- fers in that the posterior lobe is separated from the horizontal dorsal lobe. The three rows of vertical re- ticulations below the marginal rim are, however, di- agnostic of A. triseriata, according to the original de- scription. The specimen illustrated on Plate 11, figure 6 is more elongate and has a separated posterior lobe that trends diagonally backwards. The specimen illus- trated on Plate 11, figure 5 is a juvenile and has indis- tinct lobation. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 331101; Pl. 10, figs. 3, 4) Ii, ALI 0.6 Figured Specimen (USNM 331102; РІ. 10, figs. 5, 6) IMS 0.6 Figured Specimen (USNM 331105; Pl. 11, fig. 5) 0.8 0.42 Figured Specimen (USNM 331106; PITT OS O 1.14 0.41 Geographic distribution. — West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 12910-PC (USNM 331101), 12917-PC (USNM 331102). Kentucky: Butler County, USGS colln. 12974-PC (USNM 331105); Leslie County, USGS collns. 12926- PC (USNM 331106), 12923-PC (168212). Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Genus KIRKBYA Jones in Kirkby, 1859 [1860] Discussion.—See Sohn (1954, p. 9) for a discussion of this genus. Because some Late Pennsylvanian spec- imens of “Kirkbya”” under study have an aggregate adductor muscle-scar pattern instead of the diagnostic “‘kirkbyan’’ pit, this genus may be revised. Although species in Kirkbya s.l. have not been as yet recovered in surface collections of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), rare and mostly fragmented specimens have been found in borehole cores. The occurrences of such specimens are indicated in Table 1 as Kirk- byidae indet. A unique, albeit broken, identifiable left valve from a borehole core is discussed below. Geologic range.—Mississippian to Permian. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 15 Kirkbya magna Roth sensu Cooper, 1946 Plate 10, figures 10, 11 Kirkbya magnum [sic] Roth, 1929, p. 16, pl. 1, figs. 2a, b [Wapa- Limestone, Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]. Ки magna Roth. Cooper, 1946, р. 105, pl. 16, fig. 25 [Shale Ari "Seville Limestone" beds (Atokan), Mercer County, Il- 11018]; Shaver and Smith, 1974, p. 31, pl. 3, figs. 14, 15 [‘‘Lead Creek Limestone Member" of Tradewater Formation, Hancock County, Kentucky] m The specimens illustrated by Cooper 46) and by Shaver and Smith (1974) may not be conspecific with Roth’s species. Roth’s holotype is on a slide (USNM 80181) that contains the two illustrated Specimens and two additional fragments of valves. The orginal of his figure 2a, the holotype, does not have any Sh .. bifurcating costae running over the cara- расе” (Roth, 1929, p. 17). The original of Roth’s figure a "a a second broken left valve do have thin costae ko escribed by Roth (p. 17), but these are not as pro- ee as costae on the specimen illustrated herein en ose illustrated by Cooper and by Shaver and ns ү Shaver and Smith’s specimen (1974, pl. 3, fig. : ј 11622) has а greatest length of 1.7 mm and has Same strong costae illustrated herein on a smaller valve (РІ. 10, fig. 11). easurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height dud Specimen (USNM 331107; 1. 10, figs. 10, 11) ООЗ 05 Geographic distribution.— hes Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS colln. 60-PC (USNM 331107). Illinois: Mercer County. Kentucky: Leslie County, USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 168218). ?Oklahoma: Pontotoc County. ке СІРІ age.—Early Pennsylvanian(?), Middle Onsylvanian. Suborder unknown Superfamily DREPANELLACEA Ulrich and Bassler, 1923 Family KIRKBYELLIDAE Sohn, 1961 in A ssion.—This family was described as new both и (1961, р. Q131) and in Sohn (1961, р. 142). ini se Sohn (1961) was published in 1962, the orig- reference is “Sohn in Moore (1961). eologic range.—Silurian through Pennsylvanian. Genus KIRKBYELLA Coryell and Booth, 1933 Subgenus BERDANELLA Sohn, 1961 Kirkbyella (Berdanella) Sohn, 1961, p. 145. Type-species.—Kirkbyella perplexa Wilson, 1935. Birdsong Shale (Lower Devonian), Tennessee. Discussion.—When I described this subgenus I not- ed that the specimen illustrated by Cooper (1946, p. 106, pl. 17, fig. 9) as Kirkbyella cf. K. gutkei Croneis and Bristol, 1939, from the ““Fulda Limestone" (Low- er Pennsylvanian), Indiana, does not belong to that species, but I inadvertently recorded the range of the subgenus as Silurian to Upper Mississippian. Omara and Gramann (1966, p. 150, pl. 1, fig. 5) illustrated a specimen from the Upper Carboniferous (upper Mis- sourian-lower Virgilian) in the Eastern Desert of Egypt as Kirkbyella (Berdanella) sp. Geologic range.—Silurian through Pennsylvanian. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) ricei new species Plate 10, figures 1, 2; Plate 11, figures 21, 22 ?Kirkbyella cf. К. gutkei Croneis and Bristol. Marple, 1952, p. 935, pl. 134, fig. 23 [Poverty Run Limestone," Muskingum County, Ohio]. Etymology of name.—In honor of Charles L. Rice, U.S. Geological Survey, who collected ostracode samples in Kentucky. Holotype.—USNM 331108. Paratypes.—USNM 331109, 331110, 331614. Type-locality.—Shale above Hindman coal, USGS colln. 12927-PC. Other localities. —USGS collns. 25644-PC, 25669- pos Diagnosis.—Differs from Kirkbyella (Berdanella) gutkei (Croneis and Bristol, 1939) in that the reticu- lations are not arranged in horizontal lines parallel to the dorsal margin, and the ventral lobe does not extend upwards to approximate midheight. Description.—The carapace is quadrate in lateral outline. The subrectangular reticulations cover the en- tire surface of the valves. Discussion.—Marple illustrated a poorly preserved specimen that is crushed, but does have subrectan- gular reticulations. The Morrowan specimen illustrat- ed by Cooper (1946, pl. 17, fig. 9) is poorly preserved and has a sharp border along the ventral margin of the horizontal lobe that may represent the edge of the bro- ken valve. The round reticulations indicate that it does not belong to the new species. 16 BULLETIN 316 Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 331614; Pl. 10, figs. 1, 2) 0.56 0.31 Holotype (USNM 331108; РІ. 11, figs. 21, 22) 0.53 0.3 Unfigured Paratypes (USNM 331109, 331110) 0.55-0.61 0.3-0.32 Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25644-PC (USNM 331110), 25669-PC (USNM 331109, 331614). Kentucky: Leslie County, USGS colln. 12927-PC (USNM 331108). ?Ohio: Muskingum County. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Superfamily YOUNGIELLACEA Kellett, 1933 Family YOUNGIELLIDAE Kellett, 1933 Genus MOORITES Coryell and Billings, 1932 Moorites Coryell and Billings, 1932, p. 182; Sohn in Moore, 1961, p. Q178. Type-species.—Moorites hewetti Coryell and Bil- lings, 1932, p. 182, pl. 18, fig. 5 [= Glyptopleurina? minuta Warthin, 1930, Wayland Shale (Member of Graham Formation), Eastland County, Texas]. Diagnosis.—Y oungiellidae with smooth rims along end margins, surface reticulated, with or without curved, intersecting smooth costae. Discussion.—The above diagnosis differs from the original as well as the one in Moore (1961) because specimens without distinct costae on the valve surface are referred herein to Moorites (Pl. 11, figs. 2-4). Prof. H. N. Coryell donated to me topotype specimens of the faunule described by Coryell and Billings (1932). Two of those topotypes were illustrated in Moore (1961, figs. 115, 3a-d) as Moorites minutus (Warthin, 1930). Both topotypes are carapaces; the first is USNM 119562 (figs. 115, 3a-c), and the second carapace, which was converted to fluorite (USNM 119561; fig. 115, 3d), shows in transmitted light the taxodont hinge of the Youngiellidae. The shells of this genus are usually thin, fragile, and subject to crushing (РІ. 10, figs. 8, 9); con- sequently, identification of species within this taxon is difficult. Cooper (1946, p. 122, pl. 21, figs. 14, 15) il- lustrated the inside of two valves that do not have taxodont hingements, but this lack of hingements may be due to poor preservation. Geologic range.—Devonian through Pennsylva- nian. Moorites minutus (Warthin, 1930)? Plate 10, figures 8, 9 Glyptopleurina? minuta Warthin, 1930, p. 67, pl. 5, figs. 6a, b [Hol- denville Shale, Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]. Moorites minutus (Warthin). Coryell and Billings, 1932, p. 183, pl. 18, fig. 6 [Wayland Shale (Member of Graham Formation), East- land County, Texas]; Sohn in Moore, 1961, p. 0178, fig. 115, За- f; Cooper, 1946, p. 122, pl. 21, figs. 11-17 [‘‘Centralia’’ limestone (Missourian), Montgomery County, Illinois (see for synonymy)]; Marple, 1952, p. 938, pl. 135, figs. 22, ?23 [‘‘Lower Mercer Lime- stone," Muskingum County, Ohio]. Moorites hewetti Coryell and Billings, 1932, p. 182, pl. 18, fig. 5 [Wayland Shale (Member of Graham Formation), Eastland Coun- ty, Texas]. Discussion.—As stated under the genus, species based on inadequate material may have been misiden- tified. This is the reason for questioning my identifi- cation. Measurements (in тт).- greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 331111; Pl. 10, figs. 8, 9) 0.5 0.3 Unfigured Specimen (USNM 331112) 0.4 0.22 Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25656-PC (USNM 331111), 25659-PC (USNM 331112). Illinois: Montgomery County. Ohio: Muskingum County. Oklahoma: Pontotoc County. Texas: Eastland County. Geologic age.—Middle and Late Pennsylvanian. Moorites spp. Plate 11, figures 2-4 Discussion.—The illustrated specimens and a cara- pace from a borehole core in West Virginia, and a right valve from Leslie County, Kentucky, do not show the diagnostic taxodont hinge; consequently, they are ten- tatively referred to the genus in open nomenclature. The specimen from West Virginia (USNM 168224) re- sembles the one illustrated on Plate 11 as figure 2. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 331103; Pl. 11, fig. 2) 0.45 0.22 Figured Specimen (USNM 331104; Pl. 11, figs. 3, 4) 0.49 0.23 Unfigured Specimen (USNM 168213) 0.45 0.25 Unfigured Specimen (USNM 168224) 0.48 0.24 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 17 сон distribution.— Genus PSEUDOPARAPARCHITES Kellett, 1933 ee ee County, USGS colln. Pseudoparaparchites Kellett, 1933, p. 67. Kentucky: Knott County, USGS colln. 12920-PC Type-species.—Pseudoparaparchites kansensis (USNM 331 104); Leslie County, USGS collns. 12927- Kellett, 1933, p. 68, pl. 13, fig. 17 [shale in ‘“Elmdale PC (USNM 331103), 12923-PC (USNM 168213). Formation’ (Upper Pennsylvanian), Chase County, Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Kansas]. Discussion.—See Discussion under the family Pseu- doparaparchitidae. Geologic range.—Devonian(?), Mississippian ?Order PALAEOCOPIDA Henningsmoen, 1953 through Permian. Pseudoparaparchites spp. Suborder Unknown Plate 3, figures 16, 17; Plate 11, figures 17, 18 A carapace of Pseudoparaparchites from a borehole core in the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) Superfamily PSEUDOPARAPARCHITACEA (USGS colln. 25656-PC) in West Virginia and a frag- new superfamily ment of a right valve from Kentucky (USGS colln. 12920-PC) that shows an exceptionally long dorsopos- Diagnosis.—Small, as much as one mm in greatest 2 3 terior spine are illustrated to demonstrate the differ- l г : | E қ ength; Straight-backed; symmetrical, essentially equi- Valved; nonsulcate, with or rarely without strong to ence between this genus and ‘‘Microparaparchites”’ Weak dorsoposterior spine. Hinge simple, with or reductospinosus n. sp. Note the robust base of the Without tongue and groove; without calcified inner la- spine relative to the size of the valve (shown in Pl. 3, mella, adductor muscle-scar pattern unknown. Possi- figs. 16, 17) as compared to the spine on ““Micropar- Ri dimorphic in width of posterior or in lateral out- aparchites”” (Pl. 3, figs. 1, 2, 12, 14, 18). Compare the шея dorsal trend of the spine on the exfoliated right valve Discussion.—Sohn (1971, p. A5) followed Scott (in (РІ. 11, figs. 17, 18) with the trend on *“*Micropar- Moore, 1961, p. Q194) and included Pseudoparapar- aparchites’’ (shown on РІ. 11, figs. 14-16). Chites Kellett, 1933, in the Paraparchitacea Scott, 1959. Measurements (in mm) — аған study indicates that Microparaparchites 961) & and Gale, 1939, considered by Scott (in Moore, valid O be a synonym of Pseudoparaparchites, is a . * Бепиз. Both the above-mentioned genera form а greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325042; Isti ; 4 | Pl. 3, figs. 16, 17) 0.50 0.35 d e unit of marine palaeocopid? ostracodes, rg eh (USNM 168222: às Teas the Paraparchitacea belong to the Podocopi- Pl. 11, figs. 17, 18) 0:484 0.24 G ; 5 «Жо 3 у Кыт жау range.—Devonian(?), Mississippian Geographic distribution.— gh Permian. West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25656-РС (USNM 325042), 212917-РС. Kentucky: Knott County, USGS соПп. 12920-PC Family PSEUDOPARAPARCHITIDAE new family (USNM 168222. - | пара eussion.— This оі differs from Peer: Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). tures has in Chapman, 1901, in lacking velar struc- Genus MICROPARAPARCHITES Croneis and feuis (nuda (in Chernysheva, 1960, p. 294) re- Gale, 1939 Aparchj Seudoparaparchites Kellett, 1933, to the Microparaparchites Croneis and Gale, 1939, p. 256 или Ени Тће following genera are presently re- : Ph 1 don. the BEN family Pseudoparaparchitidae: Pseu- Type-species.—M. spinosus Croneis and Gale, 1939, нех Kellett, 1933, Microparaparchites р. 256, pl. 6, figs. 30, 31 [Golconda Formation (Upper scribed and Gale, 1939, and possibly an as-yet-unde- Mississippian), Pope County, Illinois]. ONE , Benus referred to herein as “‘Microparapar- Discussion.—A study in progress suggests that the 2А ћ n t species in the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) eer range.—Devonian?, Mississippian through may represent a distinct genus; consequently, itis des- ignated herein as “Microparaparchites.' Geologic range.—Devonian(?), Mississippian through Permian. ““Microparaparchites”” reductospinosus new species Plate 3, figures 1-15, 18-25; Plate 11, figures 14-16, 19, 20 Etymology of name.—Derived from reduction in size of posterodorsal spine during ontogeny. Holotype.—USNM 325043. Paratypes.—USNM 325044 through 325052. Type-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities .— West Virginia: Fayette County, USGS colln. 25727- PC (USNM 325053); Kanawha County, USGS collns. 26774-PC (USNM 325045, 325049), 25690-PC (USNM 325047). Kentucky: Leslie County, “Magoffin beds” (Ato- kan), USGS collns. 21413-PC (USNM 325055, 168221), 12923-PC (USNM 168211); Pike County, top of '“Ken- drick shale’? (Morrowan), USGS colln. 21604-PC (USNM 325056); Knott County, USGS colln. 12920- PC (USNM 325166). Diagnosis.—Nonpunctate; posterior margin larger than anterior in adults, smaller in young instars, pro- gressively larger with growth; spine small in adults, closer to dorsal margin than posterior margin, located on elongated swelling tapering toward the front in adults, swelling decreases in young instars, increases with growth; greatest height in posterior quarter in adults, at or in front of midlength in younger growth stages. Dorsal outline resembles truncated wedge; an- terior as blunt as or blunter than posterior depending on growth stage; greatest width in dorsal outline near spine or in front of midlength depending on growth stage, posterior outline at or below spine depending on growth stage. Description.—The dorsal margin is straight, the an- terior cardinal angle is wider than the posterior car- dinal angle, which is more than 90°. The anterior mar- gin is rounded and has the greatest convexity at or below midheight, depending on the growth stage; the posterior margin is also rounded, its greatest convex- ity is at or above midheight (compare РІ. 3, figs. 2, 15 with figs. 19, 23). The ventral margin is more convex in young growth stages (РІ. 3, figs. 2, 6, 8) than in later ones; the greatest height is at or in front of midlength, becoming less convex with growth and having the greatest height behind midlength (РІ. 3, figs. 4, 12, 19, 21, 23). The dorsoposterior spine has a relatively nar- row base, is short and pointed in young instars (Pl. 3, figs. 1, 8, 12), becomes progressively smaller with growth, and practically disappears in adults (PI. 3, figs. BULLETIN 316 19, 21, 23). This spine is located, in adults, on a hor- izontal subdued swelling that tapers toward the ante- rior (Pl. 3, figs. 19, 23); this swelling is progressively more subdued on smaller growth stages (Pl. 3, figs. 1, 3, 7, 13, 11, 21). The surface is smooth. The left valve narrowly overlaps the right along all margins (Pl. 3, figs. 1, 7, I1, 20, 22, 24, 25). Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 325046; Pl. 3, figs. 6-8) 082 0.38 Paratype (USNM 325044; Pl. 3, figs. 1, 2) 0.55 0.35 Paratype (USNM 325048; Pl. 3, figs. 11, 12) 0.62 0.45 Paratype (USNM 325045; Pl. 3, figs. 3-5) 0.68 0.48 Paratype (USNM 325047; РІ. 3, figs. 9, 10) 0.7 0.45 Paratype (USNM 325049; Pl. 3, figs. 13-15) 0.72 0.50 Paratype (USNM 325051; Pl. 3, figs. 20-22) 0.73 0.65 Paratype (USNM 325050; Pl. 3, figs. 18, 19) 0.8 0.60 Holotype (USNM 325043; Pl. 3, fig. 23) 0.91 0.60 Paratype (USNM 325052; РІ. 3, figs. 24, 25) 0.95 0.65 Figured Specimen (USNM 325055; Pl. 11, figs. 14-16) 0.62 0.43 Figured Specimen (USNM 168221; Pl. 11, figs. 19720) 0.62 0.40 Discussion.—The hinge and overlap of this species are very weak as shown by the polished surface (Pl. 3, figs. 24, 25) located in front of midlength looking towards the anterior of probably a subadult carapace whose greatest length is 0.80 mm. In addition to prov- ing the absence of a calcified inner lamella that re- moves ''Microparaparchites" from the Superfamily Paraparchitacea (Pl. 3, figs. 5, 15), the cross-section indicates that the group lacks morphologic structures that would firmly attach the two valves of the carapace as a defense against predators and high-energy tur- bulence. The hinge structure is weak, and the left valve overreaches the right in this part of the carapace with- out any interlocking for strength. The ventral overlap of the right valve also is weak at this part of the car- apace; there is a very shallow indentation into which the left valve fits. The weak hinge and structure of the carapace suggest a low-energy environment, as pos- tulated by Rice and others (1979, p. F19) for the Ma- goffin Member of of the Breathitt Formation in Ken- tucky, where this species is also present (РІ. 11, figs. 14-16, 19-20). The holotype of Microparaparchites spinosus Cro- neis and Gale, 1939, the type-species, is punctate and has other characters that differ from the new species. Because a revision of that genus is beyond the scope of this paper, I am referring the species to ‘‘Micro- paraparchites" . Paraparchites latidorsatus Warthin, 1930, based on a carapace 0.57 mm long from the We- woka Formation (Des Moinesian) of Oklahoma, is congeneric with the new species. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 19 k Geographic distribution.—See above, other locali- les. Geologic age.—Early and Middle Pennsylvanian (Morrowan and Atokan). Order Unknown Superfamily Unknown Family SANSABELLIDAE Sohn, 1961 s iscussion.—Polished surfaces and thin sections of ee made during the preparation of the Amer- ы reatise (Sohn, in Moore, 1961) did not disclose ly ui inner lamella (duplicature); consequent- Sum du was placed in the Kloedenellocopina Ls 1961, Kloedenellacea Scott, 1961. At that time, questioned the placement of Geisinidae in this su- ann (Sohn, in Moore, 1961, p. 0182), because md d MA of a duplicature in Geisina Johnson, : Fyritized valves of Sansabella Roundy, 1926, A do have a duplicature; consequently, I now E Pul that the Sansabellidae may be of polyphyletic ar and include some taxa with duplicatures and a а ры duplicatures. Because this problem is s 10 in the scope of this paper, I am classifying this mily in Order and Superfamily Unknown. Genus SANSABELLA Roundy, 1926 Sansabella Roundy, 1926, p. 5. ода Pe-species —Sansabella amplectans Roundy, si р. 6, pl. 1, figs. 3a-5 [Marble Falls Limestone, an Saba County, Texas]. Discussion.—Coryell and Sohn (1938) proposed the ae Mississippian genus Persansabella because the flex. and overlap of the type-species P. brad- d б oryell and Sohn, 1938, was the reverse of that ПУМИ Later I recognized (Sohn, in Moore, а: % 0187) that specimens of Sansabella exhibit ied mi of hingement and overlap in most collections i» erefore designated Persansabella Coryell and see ‚ 1938, а вупопут of Sansabella. The muscle- Г pattern is aggregate (Sohn, 1965, p. B70). Geologic range.—Mississippian through Permian. Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952 Plate 4, figures 19-23 Sa nsabella stewartae Marple, 1952, p. 936, pl. 135, figs. 9-16, 18 (n : pe. fig. 17 = gen. indet.) [Lower Mercer Limestone" (upper Okan), Perry County, Ohio].* Dy ANN. қ : nose — The lateral outline, size range, and Lr Md to nonexistent subcentral pit identify this 168. Two topotypes, a carapace and a right valve eene. Marple (1957, p. 84) designated a lectotype. from the ‘‘Lower Mercer Limestone," Marple's lo- cality 2 (USNM 325060) are identical with the West Virginia specimens. The spinelets along the end mar- gins (Pl. 4, figs. 20, 21, 23) are not diagnostic of this species. Specimens having similar spinelets are iden- tified as Sansabella laevis (Warthin, 1930) in collec- tions from the ‘‘Devils Kitchen Member”” of the Deese Formation (lower Des Moinesian) in Love County, Oklahoma, USGS colln. 12845-PC (USNM 325059). In addition to the illustrated specimens, I have more than 75 specimens from the type-locality of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) (USNM 325063) on most of which the spinelets are not preserved. The shape, size, and virtual absence of a subcentral pit indicate that they are conspecific. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325057; Pl. 4, figs. 19-21) 0.74 0.50 Figured Specimen (USNM 325058; Pl. 4, figs. 22, 23) 0.74 0.50 Unfigured Specimen (USNM 325062) 0.82 0.53 Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 26774-PC (USNM 325057, 325058), 25664-PC (USNM 325061). Kentucky: Knott County, USGS colln. 12920-PC (USNM 325054). Ohio: Perry County. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan, Des Moinesian). Order PODOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 Suborder PARAPARCHITOCOPA Gramm, 1975 Gramm (in Gramm and Ivanov, 1975, p. 551) diag- nosed this suborder to include the superfamily Par- aparchitacea Scott, 1959, as well as the nominate fam- ily Paraparchitidae Scott, 1959. He based his diagnosis on the adductor-muscle-attachment scar pattern of Paraparchites minax Ivanov in Gramm and Ivanov, 1975, but noted (Gramm and Ivanov, 1975, p. 556) that three types of scar patterns may be involved. Superfamily PARAPARCHITACEA Scott, 1959 See discussion by Gramm and Ivanov (1975). ?Family PARAPARCHITIDAE Scott, 1959 Because of the possible inclusion of three types of muscle-scar patterns, future study may disclose that more than one family is involved and that the genus Shishaella Sohn, 1971, may warrant a separate family designation. Genus SHISHAELLA Sohn, 1971 Type-species.—Paraparchites nicklesi var. cyclo- pea Girty, 1910. Discussion.—This genus is distinguished from other paraparchitid genera by the presence of a single spine on the posterodorsal area of the overlapped valve. Some of the species in this genus have been used in correlation and in age determination (Sohn and Jones, in press, Fig. 2). The presence of a dorsoposterior spine suggests that this group probably did not burrow in the substrate; however, there is no evidence that species in this group could swim. Geologic range.—Mississippian through Permian. Shishaella saundersi new species Plate 1, figures 8-17, 20-26; Plate 5, figures 24-29 Etymology of name.—In honor of Harold I. Saun- ders, U.S. Geological Survey. Holotype.—USNM 325069. Paratypes.—USNM 325070 through 325079. Type-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Diagnosis.—Greatest height at approximately an- terior third of greatest length; anterior margin lower than posterior margin; distance of dorsoposterior spine from hinge margin about half the distance from pos- terior margin. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 325074; Pl. 1, figs. 20, 21) 0.65 0.50 Paratype (USNM 325075; Pl. 1, figs. 22-24) 0.69 0.50 Paratype (USNM 325072; Pl. 1, figs. 13, 14) 0.69 0.50 Paratypes (USNM 325073; РІ. 1, fig. 17) 0.85 0.60 Paratypes (USNM 325076; Pl. 1, figs. 25, 26) 1.05 0.80 Paratype (USNM 325071; Pl. 1, figs. 11, 12) 1.10 0.80 Paratype (USNM 325070; РІ. 1, figs. 8-10) 1.30 0.92 Holotype (USNM 325069; Pl. 1, figs. 15, 16; РІ. 5; 1198.24, 25) 230) 1.0 Paratype (USNM 325077; Pl. 5, figs. 26-29) 1.70 1.20 Eleven Unfigured Paratypes (USNM 325079) 0.62-1.75 0.48-1+ Discussion. Plate T, figures 9) 10, TL 1215, 16; 20, 21, 25 and 26 and Plate 5, figures 24 and 25 are all atthe same magnification. The young instar illustrated by Plate 1, figures 20—21 is about half the size of the holotype (Pl. 1, figs. 15, 16), from which it differs con- siderably in lateral outline and in having a smooth cur- vature on the right valve near the hinge; on the holo- type this area is bulged. The features typical of the specimen illustrated by Plate 1, figures 15 and 16 are seen also on other growth stages (compare РІ. 1, figs. 11, 12; 13, 14; 22-24 with figs. 8, 9; 17, 25, 26). Figures 8-10 represent a carapace on which the left valve is BULLETIN 316 missing and the internal cast of that valve is shown. Plate 1, figure 10 shows the hinge of the smaller right valve as well as the muscle-scar impression that re- sembles those illustrated for Shishaella cyclopea (Gir- ty, 1910) by Sohn (1971, pl. 7). This species differs from S. cyclopea in that the bulge near the hinge of the right valve is not as strong, does not have an indentation or crease below it, and thins toward the anterior, resulting in a slight concav- ity near the anterior in lateral profile (see Pl. 1, figs. 16, 26). The base of the posterodorsal spine is not as robust as that in the Mississippian type-species. Geographic distribution.—Known only from the type-locality. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Suborder Unknown Superfamily Unknown Family GEISINIDAE Sohn, 1961 Although this family was classified by Moore (1961, p. Q182) in the Palaeocopida, Kloedenellocopina, Kloedenellacea, he noted my opinion that this family belongs in the Podocopida. Genus PLAVSKELLA Samoilova, 1951 Plavskella Samoilova, 1951, p. 169. Type-species.—Plavskella famensis Samoilova, 1951, p. 169, figs. 10-13 [Upper Devonian, Russian Platform]. Discussion.—Sohn (in Moore, 1961, p. Q184) had considered the then monotypic genus Plavskella to be a junior subjective synonym of Hypotetragona Morey, 1935 in the Geisinidae. Since then Chizhova (1963, 1967, 1977) described two additional Late Devonian species: Plavskella tschekmaguschica Chizhova, 1963, and P. volgogradensis Chizhova, 1977. The presence of an additional species, P. englundi n. sp., in the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) indicates that Plavskella is a valid genus. Plavskella differs from Hy- potetragona in lacking reticulations along the dorsal and free margins as illustrated for the latter by Kesling and Chilman (1978, pp. 81-83, pls. 58, 59, 60, 107). Samoilova (1951, p. 172) compared the type-species, P. famensis, with the Late Mississippian Neokloede- nella prima Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939, and also with Jonesina craterigera (Brady) fide Cooper, 1941, p. 56. Neokloedenella Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939, differs from Plavskella in lacking a dorsoanterior node and in having a nonreticulated surface. However, the absence of reticulations on Paleozoic ostracodes in this group may be due to faulty preservation as shown herein on Plate 4, figure 6. Jonesina Ulrich and Bass- WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 21 ler, 1908, as based on the type-species, Beyrichia fas- ligiata (Jones and Kirkby, 1867) is trinodose in the un is binodose with an inflated posterior in the emales, and has spinose or frilled free margins as shown by Robinson (1978, pl. 4, figs. 2a, b). Species that probably should be referred to Plav- ya 5 are Geisina jollifina Cooper, 1946, and Jonesina eesensis Bradfield sensu Cooper, 1946, as well as Some of the other species referred to Jonesina, and Adelphobolbina? cristinae Bless, 1967. The fact that neither the adductor-muscle-scar pattern nor the type of duplicature is known in all the above taxa does not en positive referral to Plavskella. Quasigeisina SE 1973, from the Tournaisian (Lower Carbonif- E 8) of Europe differs from Plavskella in the overlap | g the dorsum and in that the anterior node is sep- Tated from the subcentral sulcus. p Geologic range.—Upper Devonian through Middle ennsylvanian. Plavskella englundi new species Plate 4, figures 1-18 J arcuata (Bean). Bradfield, 1935, p. 34, pl. 2, figs. 6, 7 Orrowan, Carter County, Oklahoma]. e of name.—In honor of Kenneth J. En- sund, U.S. Geological Survey. Holotype.—USNM 325080. Paratypes.—USNM 325081 through 325086, 325093. уу Pe-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, est Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities .— nen Virginia: Kanawha County, type-locality of е Limestone of Неппеп (1914), USGS collns. Doce (USNM 325087), 26774-PC (USNM 325085, m 25656-PC (USNM 325089), 25664-PC (USNM m > 25665-РС (USNM 325090), 25668-PC (USNM (U ); Fayette County, USGS colln. 25727-PC SNM 325092). ү шоу: Pike County, top of ‘‘Kendrick shale" Кеа USGS colln. 21604-РС (USNM 325091); Sal le County, ‘‘Magoffin beds" (Atokan), USGS n. 21413-PC (USNM 168208); Knott County, USGS colin. 12959. pc. E suo: Differs from all other species referable [s 15 genus in having nonreticulated margins. A М aba AN reticulated, except along Ка | and free margins. A wide and deep vertical sul- RED rends downward from the dorsal margin to or hn "s ee in front of midlength, the sulcus wid- лане X e base and trends forward to outline a distinct e at Is bounded in front by the pinching of the ТО. Surface near the anterior cardinal angle. The free 8lns and the dorsal margin including the stragulum are not reticulated. Although there is a sharp bend between the lateral surface and the ventral surface (Pl. 4, figs. 3, 9, 10, 13), the boundary is smooth and with- out a rim or ridge (Pl. 4, figs. 5, 9, 11, 14, 17, 18). Plate 4, figure 18 shows in detail that reticulations terminate without any distinct ridge. Younger growth stages (Pl. 4, figs. 2, 4, 16) are more truncated in the ventropos- terior than mature and subadult stages. Because young stages (Pl. 4, figs. 1, 6, 16) have a narrow posterior in dorsal outline, I infer that adults having wide poste- riors are females. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 325081; Pl. 4, figs. 1-3) 0.5 0.31 Paratype (USNM 325082; Pl. 4, figs. 4, 5) 0.65 0.41 Paratype (USNM 325083; РІ. 4, fig. 6) 0.63 0.34 Holotype (USNM 325080; Pl. 4, figs. 7-9) 0.73 0.51 Paratype (USNM 325084; Pl. 4, figs. 10-14) 0.7 0.42 Paratype (USNM 325085; Pl. 4, figs. 15, 16) 0.6 0.39 Paratype (USNM 325086; Pl. 4, figs. 17, 18) 0.7 0.4 Twenty Unfigured Paratypes (USNM 325093) 0.5-0.75 0.3-0.46 Discussion.—This species differs from Geisina jol- lifina Cooper, 1946 (= ?Plavskella) in having larger polygonal reticulations and in lacking the marginal flange. The shell is thin and fragile; consequently, many valves have breaks in them (PI. 4, figs. 15, 16). This fragility is probably the reason that all the single valves recovered are filled with matrix and may break during unsuccessful removal of the filling undertaken to dis- cern the hinge and marginal structures. Although Bradfield’s (1935) types are at Indiana University, he donated to me his collection of dupli- cate specimens. Among them was a left valve, prob- ably of a male, 0.80 mm long, from his locality 160, about 61 m (200 ft) below the Otterville Limestone (upper Morrowan) in Carter County, Oklahoma, that he had identified as Jonesina arcuata (Bean). This specimen, lost during examination for this study, had a calcified inner lamella. One of three specimens in USGS colin. 21604-PC (USNM 325091) also has a cal- cified inner lamella. Because of this structure, I am placing Plavskella in the Geisinidae, Podocopida. The relatively small size and overall similarity of this species to certain interstitial subterranean non- marine ostracodes of post-Paleozoic age (Danielopol, 1980), coupled with the fact that the Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914) is a shallow marine tongue in continental deposits, suggest that this group may have been one of the ancestors of certain post-Paleozoic subterranean nonmarine ostracodes. Geographic distribution.—Oklahoma and other lo- calities (see above). 22 BULLETIN 316 Geologic age.—Early and Middle Pennsylvanian (Morrowan and Atokan). Suborder BAIRDIOCOPINA Gründel, 1967 Superfamily BAIRDIACEA Sars, 1888 Geologic range.—Paleozoic through Holocene. Family BAIRDIIDAE Sars, 1888 Discussion.—The Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) contains one species each in Bairdia McCoy, 1844, Bairdiolites Croneis and Gale, 1939, Orthobaird- ia Sohn, 1960, and Bairdiacypris Bradfield, 1935, as well as unidentifiable molds and fragments belonging to the above genera. Geologic range.—Paleozoic through Holocene. Genus BAIRDIA McCoy, 1844 Discussion.—See Sohn (1960) for the synonymy and discussion of this genus. Collections from exposures of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) contain fragments of this genus that probably belong to several species but are inadequately preserved for identifica- tion. Only the one species identified below is repre- sented at the Harewood section by crushed carapaces. Because an excellently preserved carapace of this species was found in a borehole core, that carapace is illustrated herein. Geologic range.—Paleozoic through Holocene. Bairdia isoscelata Shaver, 1959 Plate 5, figures 19, 20 Bairdia isoscelata Shaver in Thompson, Shaver, and Riggs, 1959, p. 785, pl. 107, figs. 28-31, text-fig. 2, figs. 11, 12 [Unnamed limestone, Butler County, Kentucky]. Discussion.—The specimens on hand were com- pared with Shaver’s holotype (InGS 244) and four of his paratypes (InGS 245-248). The illustrated speci- men (USGS colln. 12917-PC) is much better preserved than Shaver’s material, as are the crushed specimens (USGS colln. 12971-PC, USNM 325097). The dorsal outline (Pl. 5, fig. 19) is identical with Shaver’s text- figure 2, figure 11, and the lateral outline matches that of the holotype (Shaver, 1959, pl. 107, fig. 29). In discussing the ostracodes from near Morgan- town, Kentucky, Shaver (1959, p. 781) stated that the fauna is more like that from the *'Ferdinand Lime- stone’’ of Indiana to which Cooper (1946) had assigned an Atokan age. In addition to the illustrated specimen from a bore- hole core in Kanawha County, West Virginia, I have three laterally crushed carapaces and a right valve without part of the anterior from the Harewood sec- tion, Fayette County, USGS colln. 12971-PC (USNM 325097). Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured specimen (USNM 325096; Plessy 105. 19,20). 1.4+ 0.70 ШӘП 0.60 Three Unfigured Specimens (USNM 325097) ШЕП 0.60 1.30 0.70 Shaver (1959, р. 785) recorded the holotype as 1.50 mm long and 0.66 mm high. My measurements of his specimen are: length 1.44 mm and height 0.65 mm; however, the holotype and the paratypes are badly corroded, and some of the shell is missing. Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Fayette County, and Kanawha County. Kentucky: Butler County; Leslie County (Atokan), USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 168215). Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Genus ORTHOBAIRDIA Sohn, 1960 Orthobairdia Sohn, 1960, p. 65. Type-species.—Bairdia cestriensis Ulrich, 1891 [Chester shale, Kentucky]. Discussion.—See Sohn (1960, p. 65) for diagnosis. Since the genus was described, eleven taxa were as- signed to the genus and three taxa were cited as Bairdia (Orthobairdia). 1 prefer to consider the taxon as a valid genus. Geologic range.—Middle Devonian through Perm- ian. Orthobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927) Plate 10, figure 7 Bairdia oklahomaensis Harlton, 1927, p. 209, pl. 33, figs. 12-21 [upper part of “Glenn Formation," Carter County, Oklahoma]; Shaver, 1960, p. 656. Orthobairdia oklahomaensis Harlton. Sohn, 1960, p. 66 (see for synonymy and discussion). Discussion. —This common Middle and Late Penn- sylvanian species has not been recovered from surface collections in West Virginia; its occurrences in bore- hole cores in that state are given in Table 1. Measurements (in mm). — greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 331113; РІ. 10, fig. 7) 1:2; 0.7 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 23 Geographic distribution. — West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS colln. 25669-PC (USNM 331113). Kentucky: Leslie County, USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 168216). For other localities see Sohn (1960, p. 66); Shaver (1960, pp. 657-659). Geologic age.—Middle and Late Pennsylvanian (Atokan through Virgilian). Genus BAIRDIOLITES Croneis and Gale, 1939 Bairdiolites Croneis and Gale, 1939, p. 288; Sohn, 1960, p. 70. Discussion.—Sohn (1960) constructed a key for 13 Species and two in open nomenclature. Since that time two additional species have been described: B. conifer uschmina, 1975 (lower Tournaisian), and B. brevi- costatus Buschmina, 1970 (‘‘Tiksinian Suite," Upper P €nnsylvanian). Internal features are unknown except for one left valve described below. Geologic range.—Lower Mississippian through Up- Per Pennsylvanian. Bairdiolites astigmaticus new species Plate 7, figures 14-29 і Etymology of name.—So named because the lateral ridges point іп different directions. Holotype.—USNM 325098. Paratypes.—USNM 325099 through 325102. Type-locality. Harewood section, Fayette County, est Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities .— ди Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 658-PC (USNM 325 103), 25663-PC (USNM 325104). 3 Kentucky: Pike County, “Kendrick shale” (Mor- 9wan), USGS colln. 21604-PC (USNM 325105). ann agnosis.—Lateral ridges straight, anterior points | eroventrad, posterior points posteroventrad; slight Pleat parallel to and below dorsal margin of left valve. Description.—The dorsal outline is subhexagonal and an to very gently curved sides; the greatest eke Is at midlength. In lateral outline, the anterior is Pd 1S evenly rounded, and the greatest convexity ^n approximate midheight; the posterior margin is t E pointed and has the greatest convexity at about м Ottoni quarter of the greatest height. The hinge- = E Straight, but the dorsal margin of the left valve E M to gently convex, the ventral margin is а "s The dorsoposterior margin slopes more s Tply than the dorsoanterior margin. The posterior eral ridge slopes down and back at a greater angle n the dorsoposterior margin; the anterior lateral Бе is straight, is shorter than the posterior ridge, and starts at approximately the same distance from the dorsal margin as the posterior ridge. The left valve has a shallow groove below the dorsal margin that forms an elongated, rounded crest (Pl. 7, figs. 16, 17, 20, 21, 22-24, 26) almost the same length as the hingeline. The dorsoposterior margin of the left valve has, on the inside, a rounded ridge that extends from the posterior to about halfway up the dorsoposterior margin. This structure can be seen on the only left valve (Pl. 7, figs. 28, 29); it does not open to the outside because the left valve overlaps the right in that area. The marginal area is broad (Pl. 7, fig. 29). Other internal features such as the adductor-muscle-scar and detail of hinge- ment are unknown for this or any other species in the genus. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Paratype (USNM 325099; Pl. 7, figs. 14, 15) 1 0.54 Paratype (USNM 325100; Pl. 7, figs. 16-18) E 0.54 Paratype (USNM 325101; Pl. 7, figs. 19-21) 1.22 0.61 Holotype (USNM 325098; Pl. 7, figs. 22-25) 1293 0.65 Paratype (USNM 325102; Pl. 7, figs. 26-29) 1.3 0.65 Geographic distribution.—See above, other locali- ties. Geologic age.—Early and Middle Pennsylvanian (Morrowan and Atokan). Genus BAIRDIACYPRIS Bradfield, 1935 Bairdiacypris Bradfield, 1935, p. 93; Sohn, 1960, p. 57 (see for syn- onymy). Fabalicypris Cooper, 1946, p. 59. Type-species.—Bairdiacypris deloi Bradfield, 1935, p. 93, pl. 7, figs. 8, 9 [‘‘Union Dairy Limestone Mem- ber" of the Hoxbar Formation (lowermost Missouri- an), Ardmore Basin, Oklahoma]. Discussion.—Coincidental with my earlier revision of this genus (Sohn, 1960, p. 57), I recognized Faba- licypris Cooper, 1946, and suggested that because species gradational between the two groups have been described, the two possibly should be considered as subgenera in Bairdiacypris. The internal morphology, marginal area, adductor-muscle-scar pattern, and hingement are still unknown. Because of variation in the ventroanterior offset of the larger valve (illustrated on РЕ 7, figs. 3,4, 10, 11; 71-5, gs. 1,.2, 89,06 specimens from the same collection), the feature sup- posed to be diagnostic of Fabalicypris is inadequate to differentiate the two taxa. I therefore regard Fa- balicypris as a junior subjective synonym of Baird- iacypris. Geologic range.—Ordovician, Devonian through Permian, Lower Jurassic(?). 24 BULLETIN 316 Bairdiacypris cf. B. rectiformis (Shaver, 1959) Plate 5, figures 1-9; Plate 7, figures 1-13 Bairdia rectiformis Shaver, 1959, p. 707, pl. 107, figs. 32, 33, text- fig. 2, figs. 9, 10 [Atokan equivalent, Butler County, Kentucky]. Fabalicypris wetumkaensis Cooper, 1946 (part), p. 61, pl. 6, figs. 12-15 (not figs. 16-19 = Bairdiacypris warthini (Bradfield, 1935)) [Seville Zone (Atokan), Henry County, Illinois]; Marple, 1952, p. 932, pl. 133, figs. 20, 21 [Lower Mercer Limestone" (Atokan), Muskingum-Perry County line, Ohio]. Diagnosis.—Differs from the holotype of Fabali- cypris wetumkaensis Cooper, 1946, in having a straight ventral margin and in having greatest convexity of posterior margin below midheight. Description.—The left valve overlaps on all mar- gins; the overreach is widest along the dorsum, having a steplike offset where the overlap meets the anterior margin. The ventral margin is straight, and the pos- terior margin is slightly convex; it trends down and backwards from about the posterior third of the great- est length to below the approximate midheight so that the greatest convexity is below midheight. The ante- rior margin curves gently upward at about the anterior quarter of the greatest length, and its greatest convex- ity is at or above the midheight. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325107; Pl. 5, figs. 6-9) 0.95 0.42 Figured Specimen (USNM 325109; PL. 7, 128.6, 7) 1.10 0.55 Figured Specimen (USNM 325106; РІ. 5, figs. 1-5) Па 0.55 Figured Specimen (USNM 325108; РІ. 7, figs. 1-5) 1.20 099) Figured Specimen (USNM 325111; Pl. 7, figs. 10-13) 152] 0.55 Figured Specimen (USNM 325110; Pl. 7, figs. 8-9) 122 0.58 Discussion.—Cooper (1946) illustrated two сага- paces of Fabalicypris wetumkaensis; the holotype (1946, pl. 6, figs. 16-19) from the Brereton Zone (Des Moinesian) which Sohn (1960, p. 64) referred to Fa- balicypris warthini (Bradfield, 1935) and a paratype (Cooper, 1946, pl. 6, figs. 12-15) from the Seville Zone. The two carapaces are not conspecific; they differ as indicated above in the synonymy of Bairdiacypris cf. B. rectiformis. Marple’s (1952) F. wetumkaensis falls within the range of variation illustrated for B. cf. B. rectiformis (Pls. 5, 7). Bairdia rectiformis Shaver, 1959 (p. 787, pl. 107, figs. 32, 33, text-fig. 2, figs. 9, 10 = Bairdiacypris), from Atokan equivalent sediments in Butler County, Kentucky, resembles in lateral outline the specimens from West Virginia. Unfortunately, Shaver’s types (InGS 238, InGS 240, and InGS 261) are poorly preserved in that parts of the shells have been dissolved. The poor preservation of the type- specimens of Bairdiacypris rectiformis (Shaver, 1959) prevents me from identifying with any degree of cer- tainty the specimens from the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) as that species. Geographic distribution.— West Virginia: Fayette County, USGS colln. 12971- PC (USNM 325106-325111), 25726-PC (USNM 32512) 207 27- PE СО БМВ S251) Ka nawha County, USGS collns. 25664-PC (USNM 325114), 25668-PC (USNM 325115). Kentucky: Knott County, shale above Hindman coal bed (upper Atokan), USGS colln. 12920-PC (USNM 325116); Leslie County, USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 168214). Illinois: Henry County. Ohio: Muskingum-Perry County line. Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Suborder CYTHEROCOPINA Gründel, 1967 Superfamily CYTHERACEA Baird, 1850 Family BYTHOCYTHERIDAE Sars, 1926 Genus MONOCERATINA Roth, 1928 Monoceratina Roth, 1928, p. 16; Sylvester-Bradley and Kesling in Moore, 1961, p. Q268 [part]. Triceratina Upson, 1933, p. 29. Type-species.—M. ventrale [sic] Roth, 1928, p. 16, text-figs. la-c [Wapanucka Limestone (Morrowan), Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]. Discussion.—The podocopid affinities are indicated by the presence of a calcified inner lamella (Pl. 6, figs. 15, 18, 19). Sylvester-Bradley and Kesling (in Moore, 1961, p. Q268) used both Paleozoic and post-Paleozoic species as a basis for their diagnosis of the genus; consequently, their diagnosis is too broad. Roth (1928) illustrated a carapace and stated (1928, p. 18) that the holotype is in the U.S. National Museum, number 71812. The slide with that number contains two left valves both approx. 0.6 mm in greatest length, that are obviously not the holotype. Records in the Museum dated Jan. 27, 1928, read “1 specimen, holotype,”” but Bassler and Kellett (1934, p. 413) did not list the ho- lotype number under M. ventrale Roth. This is sec- ondary evidence that the holotype was not in the Mu- seum when Bassler and Kellett prepared their index. Roth (1928, p. 18) described also Monoceratina ven- trale var. magnum from the middle portion of the Kansas City Formation, Kansas, holotype USNM No. 71813. This specimen is in the Museum collections, WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 25 and Bassler and Kellett (1934, p. 413) listed that num- ber. According to Roth, this variety is present also in samples ... collected їп... Tulsa County, Okla- homa.” To date, 44 species and nine in open nomenclature from Paleozoic rocks have been recorded in 72 pub- lications, Coryell (1963) listed an additional 73 species In the Mesozoic. I do not have a record of the post- Mesozoic species and the additional Mesozoic species described since 1963. Three carapaces (USNM 85547) from the Wapanucka Limestone identified as M. ven- tralis by Harlton (1933, p. 21, pl. 7, figs. 3a, b) are Approximately 0.8 mm in greatest length. These have an indistinct, shallow indentation in front of the ven- tral spine, a feature referred to by Roth (1928, p. 17) as ".. . a faint Primitia-like sulcus . . . .” Specimens of Monoceratina sp. in the Mississippian Helms For- ace (Sohn, 1950a) have a well-defined albeit shal- OW indentation in front of and above the spine. М. Macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941, has a rounded node near the dorsal margin removed by approximately the width of its base from the anterior cardinal angle, as N specimens illustrated in this paper (Pl. 6, figs. 23) as M. aff. M. macoupeni. The Late Permian . ampla Khivintseva, 1969, also has a dorsoanterior Node (tubercle). M. compta Khivintseva, 1969 (p. 104, pl. 12, figs. За-с), also from the Late Permian, was described as follows: “Іп the anterior cardinal angle and in the posterior third of the dorsal margin, the сагарасеѕ have cylindrical, mucronate spines." The Specimen illustrated by a drawing as Monoceratina n. SP. by Bradfield (1935, p. 77, pl. 1, fig. 20) from the Deese(?) Formation (Des Moinesian) is shown as hav- Ing“... two rounded tubercles situated one behind the other in the anterior cardinal area... ." Exami- 2. of that specimen (InUPC 1998) disclosed that у © anteriormost tubercle consisted of adherent matrix at was easily removed, and an unpublished photo- Sraph of that specimen (approx. x30) shows the shell Continuing under the removed particle. Cooper (1946, қ; 39) referred that specimen as well as those illus- ated by Bradfield (1935, pl. 1, figs. 16-18) to M. brad- us Cooper, 1946, described from the Little Vermil- Топ Cyclothem (Virgilian) of northern Illinois. I do not, 9Wever, consider the specimens from Oklahoma to M ge ue with Cooper's species because M. | C ШЕШ differs in lateral outline and the location of M spine from the specimens illustrated by ding (1935, pl. 1, figs. 16-18), and the specimen 8 eld illustrated on plate 1, figure 20 has a distinct Oanterior node. Geologic range.—Devonian through Permian, post- aleozoic(?). Monoceratina winifredeana new species Plate 6, figures 1-15; Plate 11, figures 7-9 Etymology of name.—Named for the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914). Holotype.—USNM 325117. Paratypes.—USNM 325118 through 325122. Type-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities.— West Virginia: Fayette County, USGS colln. 25726- PC (USNM 325123); Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25664-PC (USNM 325124), 25665-PC (USNM 325119), 25668-PC (USNM 325125), 12917-PC (USNM 325122). Kentucky: Knott County, shale above Hindman coal bed (upper Atokan), USGS colln. 12920-PC (USNM 325126). Leslie County (Atokan), USGS colln. 21413- PC (USNM 325127), above Hindman coal bed, USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 168217). Type-level.—Carbonaceous shale, from interval about 1.2 m (4 ft) to 5 m (16 ft) above the Chilton(?) coal bed. Diagnosis.—Lateral pointing spine robust, does not extend ventrad past contact margin. Without nodes, ridges, sulci, or additional spines. Description.—The lateral, dorsal, and ventral out- lines are similar to those of M. ventralis Roth, 1928. The surface of the valve is evenly rounded in posterior outline, the greatest width is above the base of the spine (Pl. 6, fig. 5). The valve convexity merges smoothly downward to the contact margin and upward to the dorsal margin without any breaks as in M. sp. aff. M. macoupeni (Pl. 6, figs. 16, 20, 22). The lateral surface has scattered pores, except for the surface of the spine and below the spine where the surface is wrinkled. The surface along the invaginated dorsum is smooth (Pl. 6, figs. 3, 10). Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Holotype (USNM 325117; РІ. 6, figs. 1-5) 0.69 0.35 Paratype (USNM 325118; Pl. 6, fig. 6) 0.7 0.35 Paratype (USNM 325119; Pl. 6, figs. 7, 8) 0.7 0.32 Paratype (USNM 325120; Pl. 6, fig. 9) 0.8 0.4 Paratype (USNM 325121; Pl. 6, figs. 10, 11) 0:79 0.4 Paratype (USNM 325122; Pl. 6, figs. 12-15) 0.85 0.43 Figured Specimen (USNM 325127; Pl. 11, figs. 7-9) 0.80 0.41 Discussion.—The spine is thicker at the base and apparently blunter than on M. ventralis. The latter species has in front of the spine an anterior-trending keel-like ridge subparallel to the contact margin, but not as robust as the ridge on M. ardmorensis (Harlton, 1927) illustrated herein (Pl. 11, figs. 11, 12). This ridge is not present in the new species (compare РІ. 6, figs, 1, 4, 6, 8, 11, 13 with Roth’s (1928) text-figs. la, 2a, reillustrated in Moore (1961, text-fig. 195, figs. 3a, b)). The holotype (РІ. 6, figs. 1-5) and a paratype (Pl. 6, fig. 8) have minute spinelets along the ventral third of the anterior margin, but most of the specimens do not have these spinelets preserved. Geographic distribution.—See above, other locali- ties, Geologic age.—Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Monoceratina sp. aff. M. macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941 Plate 6, figures 16-23; Plate 11, figure 10 Monoceratina macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941, p. 355, pl. 49, figs. 2, 3 ['Macoupin Formation” (Missourian), Lawrence Coun- ty, Illinois]. Monoceratina lawrencevillensis Scott and Borger, 1941, p. 355, pl. 49, fig. 8 [same collection as above]. ?Monoceratina macoupeni Scott and Borger. Cooper, 1946, p. 39, pl. 1, fig. 13 [Gimlet Zone, Marmaton Group (Des Moinesian), Marshall County, Illinois], Marple, 1952, p. 927, pl. 133, fig. 3 [Poverty Run Limestone Member” and “Lower Mercer Lime- stone Member," Kanawha Formation, Muskingum County, Ohio]. Discussion.—The specimens on hand are similar to Scott and Borger’s (1941) M. macoupeni in having a node on the anterior third of the valve near the dorsal margin and a backward pointing spine. They differ in that the spine is more robust in having a subdued ven- tral lobe extending forward from the spine, and prob- ably in the absence of spinelets along the anterior mar- gin. Both Cooper (1946, p. 39) and Marple (1952, p. 927) correctly considered M. lawrencevillensis a junior subjective synonym of M. macoupeni. The absence of anterior spinelets on the two illustrated valves of M. lawrencevillensis is probably due to preservation, as both of the above-mentioned species are from the same poorly silicified assemblage. Cooper (1946) illustrated a unique cast that does not have a dorsoanterior node. Marple (1952) illustrated a left valve with a missing posterior that has a well-defined dorsoanterior node and a 7“... row of smaller, diminishing nodes along the dorsal margin ...” (Marple, 1952, p. 927). The additional nodes may be adhering particles because they. are not rounded. Although several specimens are available, they are from borehole cores; consequently, they are not for- mally named. The four illustrated valves show the dor- soanterior node, calcified inner lamella, and the hinge of the right valve. They differ from M. winifredeana in having a dorsoanterior node and a lobe extending forward from the spine. Three carapaces from the Bostwick Member of the Lake Murray Formation (Atokan), Carter County, Oklahoma (USGS colln. BULLETIN 316 12969-PC, USNM 325131) belong to M. macoupeni. These carapaces differ from the specimens on hand in having the lateral spine closer to midlength. Conse- quently, I am confident regarding the difference be- tween the two taxa. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325128; PING, figs. 16, 17) 0.78 0.33 Figured Specimen (USNM 325129; Pl. 6, figs. 18-21) 0.7+ 0.37 Figured Specimen (USNM 325130; ls O NER 22.25) 0.8+ 0.4 Figured Specimen (USNM 168219; РІ. 11, fig. 10) 0.65 0.41 Geographic distribution. — West Virginia (borehole cores): Fayette County, USGS colln. 25726-PC (USNM 325128); Kanawha County, USGS collns. 12917-PC (USNM 325129, 325130), ?25664-PC (USNM 325132). Illinois: Lawrence County, Marshall County. Kentucky: Leslie County, USGS colln. 21413-PC (USNM 168219). Ohio: Muskingum County. Geologic age.—Middle and lower Upper Pennsyl- vanian (Atokan to Missourian). Suborder METACOPINA Sylvester-Bradley, 1961 Pending the revision of the American Treatise (Moore, 1961), I follow the classification of this group by Sylvester-Bradley (in Moore, 1961, p. Q358). Superfamily HEALDIACEA Harlton, 1933 Revision of this group is beyond the scope of this study. See Sohn (1965) for a discussion of this super- family. Family HEALDIIDAE Harlton, 1933 Genus HEALDIA Roundy, 1926 Geologic range.—Devonian through Permian, lower Mesozoic(?). Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935 Plate 2, figures 14—33; Plate 11, figure 1 Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935, p. 107, pl. 9, figs. 11a, b [Deese(?) Formation (Des Moinesian), Ardmore Basin, Oklahoma]; Cooper, 1946, p. 82, pl. 12, figs. 6-8 [shale on top of ‘‘Macoupin Lime- stone” (Missourian), Edgar County, Illinois]. Healdia angulata Bradfield, 1935, p. 110, pl. 9, figs. 12, 13 [Deese(?) Formation (Des Moinesian), Ardmore Basin, Oklahoma]. Healdia nucleolata Knight sensu Cooper, 1946, p. 84, pl. 12, figs. 42-45 [Ferdinand to Summum zones (Atokan to Des Moinesian), Spencer County, Indiana; Adams and Brown Counties, Illinois]. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 27 Not Healdia nucleolata Knight, 1928, р. 329, pl. 44, figs. 4а—с [рага- 3 types examined]. Sande sp. Marple, 1952, p. 934, pl. 134, fig. 14 [ Lower Mercer imestone Member" of Pottsville Formation, Muskingum-Perry County line, Ohio]. ‚Discussion. —The anterior marginal rims (carinae) distinguish this species. Although Bradfield (1935) re- Corded an anterior marginal rim only on the left valve, Cooper (1946, р. 84) noted **. . . a narrow flat margin on both valves as illustrated herein (Pl. 2). The other species of Healdia that have anterior marginal Structures differ from H. ehlersi as follows: Healdia cara Bradfield, 1935. Late Des Moinesian, Carter County, Oklahoma. Structure on right valve only, no posterior ridges or spines. H. : 2. Drexler, 1958. Early Jurassic, southwestern Germany. Tucture on right valve only, one ventroposterior spine without Posterior ridges, and prionodont hinge. This species is probably not a Healdia. ratra Griindel, 1961. Gattendorfia Stage (Early Mississippian), Thuringia, East Germany. Spine on right valve only, different lateral outline. {Кини Morey, 1935. Early Mississippian, Callaway Coun- B de Missouri. Structures on anterior and posterior margins. · sulcata Cooper, 1947. Late Mississippian, Johnson County, Il- linoi à 1 А à fn i 015. Posterior ridge bordered on anterior side by semicircular rrow. . The posterior ridges and spines appear to vary among Individuals and on opposing valves of the same cara- у? and are similar only in that respect to Н. okla- Omaensis Harlton, 1927, that has spines on the right valve and a ridge on the left valve. The specimens Illustrated on Plate 2, figures 14-17, 24-28, and 31-33 A from the same collection. The ridge on the left E. (PI. 2, figs. 14, 26, 33) trends toward the anterior, is on the right valve (Pl. 2, figs. 16, 28, 32), this ridge үк иеш. The carapace from a different col- na (Pl. 2, figs. 29, 30) has an upper spine on the ne Bradfield’s holotype of H. ehlersi has two “developed spines on the right valve, but the ho- б ОЁ Н. angulata from the same collection, con- Idered by Cooper (1946, p. 82) as a synonym, has a [ead ridge on the right valve, does not have spines, PR as a ridge curving toward the dorsoanterior. The 8 may be on the ridge or slightly behind the ridge. though Bradfield (1935, p. 110) reported an anterior Marginal rim only on the left valve, Cooper (1946, p. ) noted“... narrow flat margin . . . on both valves ` as illustrated herein (Pl. 2 figs. 24, 25). This 5 е appears to be constant in this species and may 1. to forms of from Atokan through Missou- {6% age, even if my conception of the species proves a € too broad and more than one species is included My synonymy. featur The specimens on hand are slightly smaller than Bradfield’s, which is 0.64 mm in greatest length. Coo- per recorded the greatest length for the specimen from Illinois as 0.78 mm. Bradfield (1935, p. 110) recorded the greatest length of H. angulata to be 0.83 mm, and Cooper (1946, p. 85) stated that the Illinois specimen of H. nucleolata is 0.67 mm in greatest length. Mar- ple’s specimen is only 0.41 mm in greatest length. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325133; Pl. 2, figs. 14-17) 0.52 0.40 Figured Specimen (USNM 325134; Pl. 2, figs. 18-20) 052 0.35 Figured Specimen (USNM 325135; Pl. 2, figs. 21-23) 0.53 0.35 Figured Specimen (USNM 325136; Pl. 2, figs. 24-28) 0.52 0.35 Figured Specimen (USNM 325137; Pl. 2, figs. 29, 30) 0:51 0.31 Figured Specimen (USNM 325138; Pl. 2, figs. 31-33) 0.52 0.39 Specimens from other collections listed below range in greatest length from 0.49 mm to 0.58 mm. Geographic distribution (in addition to the previ- ously recorded localities: see synonymy).— West Virginia: Fayette County, USGS collns. 12971- PC (USNM 325133, 325136, 325138), 25726-PC (USNM 325139); Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25661-PC (USNM 325140), 25664-PC (USNM 325141), 25665-PC (USNM 325142), ?25668-PC (USNM 325143), 25669- PC (USNM 325137), 26774-PC (USNM 325134, 325135). Kentucky: Leslie County, shale just above Hind- man coal bed (upper Atokan), USGS colln. 12923-PC (USNM 325144); Butler County, shale in Tradewater Formation (upper Atokan), USGS colln. 12948-PC (USNM 168223). Geologic age.—Middle and Late Pennsylvanian (Atokan to Missourian). Genus PSEUDOBYTHOCYPRIS Shaver, 1958 Bythocypris Knight, 1928, p. 326 [not Brady, 1880]. Pseudobythocypris Shaver, 1958, p. 122. Coryellites Kellett. Cooper, 1946, p. 55. not Coryellites Kellett, 1936, p. 775 (new name for Coryellina Kel- lett, 1935, not Bradfield, 1935). Type-species.—Bythocypris pediformis Knight, 1928, p. 326, pl. 44, figs. 3a-c [upper part of Fort Scott Limestone (Des Moinesian), Missouri]. Discussion.—Shaver (1958) adequately described this genus. He noted that Cooper (1946) assigned many 28 BULLETIN 316 of the Paleozoic species previously referred to or de- scribed in the extant genus Bythocypris Brady, 1880, to Coryellites Kellett, 1936 [new name for Coryellina Kellett, 1935]. The holotype of the type-species, Co- ryellites firma (Kellett, 1935) is a carapace (USNM 90101) that has, on the left valve, a subdued postero- ventral ridge with a depression in front of that ridge, a feature not present on the left valves of the two species illustrated herein (Pl. 8, figs. 3, 4, 9, 16, 17). All the species referred to Coryellites by Cooper (1946) that do not have the diagnostic ridge on the left valve belong in Pseudobythocypris. Shaver illustrated the adductor-muscle-scar pattern of P. pediformis by drawings. The scar patterns illus- trated herein on Plate 8, figures 21, 23 are the same as those by Shaver (1958, text-fig. 1, figs. 5, 6) and con- firm the assignment of this genus to the Healdiacea. Geologic range.—Mississippian through Permian. Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928) Plate 8, figures 14-24 Bythocypris pediformis Knight, 1928, p. 326, pl. 44, figs. 3a-c [upper part of Fort Scott Limestone (Des Moinesian), Missouri]; Cordell, 1952, p. 100, pl. 20, figs. 27-32, 36-44 [Pleasanton Formation to Oread Limestone. (Missourian-Virgilian)]. Coryellites pediformis (Knight). Cooper, 1946, p. 58, pl. 5, figs. 19- 21 [Seville to Shumway zones (Atokan through Virgilian), ШІ- nois]. Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight). Shaver, 1958, p. 122-136, text-fig. 1 [Knight's material]. not Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928). Sanchez de Po- sada, 1977, p. 423, pl. 5, figs. 5-9. Discussion.—The National Museum of Natural His- tory (USNM) and USGS collections contain topotype specimens of this species. The shape of the posterior margin varies greatly, particularly in the development of the ventroposterior point (Pl. 8, figs. 15, 16, 18, 22, 24). Cordell (1952) referred to 11 described species as junior subjective synonyms of P. pediformis, and San- chez de Posada (1977, p. 423) accepted Cordell's syn- onymy. I do not consider Bythocypris pediformis, identified by Kellett (1935) from the Permian Fort Ri- ley Limestone of Kansas (USNM 90099), to be con- specific. The species illustrated by Sanchez de Posada differs in posterior margin and dorsal outline. Evalu- ation of the complete synonymy by Cordell is beyond the scope of this paper. The specimens illustrated (Pl. 8, figs. 14—24) are all within the limits of variation of Knight's material. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height Figured Specimen (USNM 325145; Pl. 8, figs. 14-17) 0.72 0.45 Figured Specimen (USNM 325146; Pl. 8, figs. 18-20) 0.66 0.41 Figured Specimen (USNM 325147; Pl. 8, figs. 21, 22, left valve) 0.63 0.42 Figured Specimen (USNM 325148; Pl, 8, figs. 23, 24, right valve) 0.65 0.40 Geographic distribution (see synonymy).— West Virginia: the type-locality of the Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), USGS colln. 26774-PC (USNM 325145, 325146), and the Harewood section, USGS colln. 12971-PC (USNM 325147, 325148). Kentucky: Leslie County, '“Magoffin beds," USGS colln. 21413-PC (USNM 168209). Geologic age.—Middle and Late Pennsylvanian (Atokan, Des Moinesian, Missourian, Virgilian). Pseudobythocypris? enigmatica new species Plate 8, figures 1-13 Etymology of name.—So named because of the questionable generic designation. Holotype.—USNM 325149. Paratypes.—USNM 325150 through 325152. Type-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities .— West Virginia: type-locality of the Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914), Kanawha County, USGS colln. 26774-PC (USNM 325150, 325151), 25664-PC (USNM 325153), 25665-PC (USNM 325154), 25668-PC (USNM 325155). Diagnosis.—Dorsal margin convex, greatest height at or slightly behind midlength, end margins rounded, posterior higher than anterior, ventral margin straight. Dorsal outline subovate, heteromorphs with gently curved sides, anterior blunt and posterior wider, in tecnomorphs anterior more pointed, greatest width at or slightly behind midlength. Posterior outline with gently curved sides. Adductor-muscle-attachment scars circular, with large discrete individual spots. Description.—The carapace is small, to 0.55 mm in greatest length, subovate. The left valve overlaps the right on all margins. The dorsal outline of hetero- morphs (presumed females) are subelliptical with gently curved sides and blunt ends of which the posterior end is wider than the anterior. The greatest width is ap- proximately at midlength. The dorsal outline of tec- nomorphs (preadults and presumed males) is pointed towards the anterior. WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 29 The posterior outline is subelliptical with gently on ends; the greatest width is at approximate mid- eight. Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height сре (USNM 325149; РІ. 8, figs. 1-4) 0.55 0.32 see (USNM 325150; РІ. 8, figs. 5, 6) 0.50 0.34 pao. ype (USNM 325151; РІ. 8, figs. 7-9) 0.45 0.30 Tatype (USNM 325152; РІ. 8, figs. 10-13) 0.51 0.31 à uso The hinge of a subadult left valve (Pl. a о extends from the posterior cardinal an- 5 е highest point, which is the junction with the Mie пи slope; it appears to consist of a groove т ertical dentition (Pl. 8, figs. 10, 12). I am not a сан, whether the vertical dentition is an artifact due er нн: This is the reason for the questionable z à ment of the species to Pseudobythocypris, which A = as having a cardine hinge (Cooper, 1946, ыы (1982, рі. 2; pl. 3, figs. 1-12) illustrated for Бы еі time the adductor-muscle-attachment scar d ns the hinge of Healdianella darwinuloides 195] ^ Bi the type-species of Healdianella Posner, n m at are similar to my illustrations (Pl. 8, figs. . > 11). Future study may transfer P.? enigmatica n. P. to Healdianella. ue бовғарһіс distribution.—See above, other locali- Geologic age.— Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan). Order PLATYCOPIDA Sars, 1866 a eussion. Living Cytherella Jones, 1849 are h le of swimming. Except for the adductor- Б блек scar, the shell morphology of the T Inacea is identical to that of the Cytherellacea; ощ it is reasonable to assume that the Opida could not swim. in Suborder PLATYCOPINA Sars, 1866 Superfamily CAVELLINACEA Egorov, 1950 See Sohn (1968, p. 17) for discussion of this taxon. Family CAVELLINIDAE Egorov, 1950 Genus CAVELLINELLA Bradfield, 1935 nor linea Bradfield, 1935, p. 136. avellina (Cavellinella) Polenova and Zaspelova in Polenova, T RM Rozhdestvenskaja, 1959, p. 142 [junior objective hom- : Dr. Polenova was informed (by letter in May 1981)]. especies (monotypic).—Cavellinella casei SS field, 1935, p. 136, pl. 12, figs. 11a, b [Early Penn- anian (Morrowan), Carter County, Oklahoma]. Diagnosis.—Bradfield (1935, p. 136) described Ca- vellinella as follows: Carapace oval to suboval in lateral view; greatest thickness near the posterior end; dorsal border arched; anterior margin broadly rounded; posterior margin more sharply rounded; ventral margin convex; valves unequal, the right the larger, overlapping the left all around, but most on the dorsal and ventral margins; a pronounced lunate ridge encircles the posterior end of each valve about one- fifth the length from the posterior end; surface smooth. Based on this study the diagnosis should be ex- panded to include the fact that species in this genus are dimorphic in width of posterior (Pl. 9, figs. 1, 3, and 14, 16) and that the female has an internal septum in the posterior quarter of the valve (Pl. 9, figs. 20, 22). Discussion.—Bradfield's original specimens are from two collections. He illustrated a carapace of C. casei, the type-species, in right and dorsal views, for which he recorded the following measurements: length 0.59 mm, height 0.37 mm, and thickness 0.24 mm. Cooper (1946, p. 72) questionably placed C. casei Bradfield, 1935 in synonymy with Cavellina fittsi Kellett, 1935, and explained, Cavellinella casei Bradfield is a very small specimen with a curved ridge bordering the posterior margin similar to the young of many species of Cavellina, particularly C. fittsi, so Bradfield species have been tentatively placed in synonymy with this species. This may be the reason for the assignment of Cavel- linella(?) as a questionable synonym of Cavellina Co- ryell, 1928, by Shaver (in Moore, 1961, p. Q369). The Russian Treatise (Chernysheva, 1960, p. 333) recog- nized Bradfield's genus as valid. Kellett (1935, p. 147, pl. 18, figs. 2a-e, 2f-3g) illus- trated early molts of C. fittsi Kellett, 1935 (figs. 3a-g) from the same locality as the type lot of that species from the Upper Pennsylvanian Howard Limestone of Kansas. I have examined two slides (USNM 90115) that she deposited in the National Museum of Natural History. One contains the holotype (1.10 mm in great- est length) and the other contains three female cara- paces about 1.1 mm in greatest length. Neither slide contains any of the ‘‘early molts” illustrated by Kellett on plate 18 as figures 3a-g. These ‘‘paramolts’’ do have a posterior curved ridge; they seem from the il- lustrations to range in greatest length from 0.36 mm to 0.55 mm. The fact that my large specimens (greatest length 0.74 mm to 1.44 mm) from the Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914) have a posterior ridge indicates that Kellett’s ‘‘early molts" should not be referred to Cavellina. Crespin (1945, p. 33) described as Cavellina springsurensis, from the Permian of Australia, a spec- imen 1.21 mm long that has a curved posterior ridge on each valve. She compared this form with Ca- vellina fittsi Kellett, 1935. This species, however, has a larger left valve, and probably belongs to one of the genera discussed below. Ostracodes having lateral curved ridges are common in the Paleozoic. The original description of Birdsal- lella Coryell and Booth, 1933, fits the diagnosis of Cavellinella, although the orientation was reversed 180°. However, the type-species from the Wayland Shale (Member of the Graham Formation) in Young County, Texas, B. simplex Coryell and Booth, 1933, was described as “... valves constricted vertically just anterior [posterior] to the center . . .'' (1933, p. 271), a feature that discriminated between the two gen- era. It may be significant that the 17 species plus three in open nomenclature subsequently described in or re- ferred to Birdsallella are Silurian or Devonian in age, that several of those species have lateral curved ridges also near the anterior of the valves, and that the platycopid dimorphism illustrated herein for Cavelli- nella has not been recorded in any of the species of Birdsallella. As illustrated on Plate 9, figures 15, 20, 22, the new species tentatively referred to Cavellinella exhibits sexual dimorphism by having an internal septum in the posterior area of females, a feature typical in the Platycopida. This feature has not been recorded in the Healdiacea Harlton, 1933, in which some genera have posterior ridges but the carapaces are usually much smaller. A very young growth stage of Cavellinella? pricei n. sp. is shown with Healdia (Pl. 2, figs. 11-13) in order to illustrate the difference between the two genera. Aurigerites Roundy, 1926, and Punctomosea Stov- er, 1956 have curved ridges near the posterior, but the left valve is larger in both genera, and Punctomosea has a pitted area in front of the ridge. Bythocyproidea Stewart and Hendrix, 1945, has a posterior ridge only on the smaller right valve. Geologic range.—Mississippian(?) and Pennsylva- nian. Cavellinella? pricei new species Plate 2, figures 11—13; Plate 5, figures 21—23; Plate 9, figures 1—23 Cavellinella casei Bradfield. Marple, 1952, p. 932, pl. 134, figs. 4—6 [“Lower Mercer Limestone Member” of the Pottsville Forma- tion, Vinton County, Ohio]. Cavellinella casei Bradfield. Thompson and Shaver, 1964, p. 19, bottom fig. under Section 58 [Atokan, Spencer County, Indiana]. not Cavellinella casei Bradfield, 1935, p. 136, pl. 12, figs. Па, b. Healdia fabalis Cooper. Marple, 1952, p. 933, pl. 134, figs. 8, 9 [Lower Mercer Limestone Member of Pottsville Series, Muskin- gum County, Ohio]. not Healdia fabalis Cooper, 1946, p. 82, pl. 12, figs. 3-5. BULLETIN 316 Etymology of name.—Named in honor of Dr. W. Armstrong Price, Paleontologist, West Virginia Geo- logical Survey, who pioneered the study of Pennsyl- vanian invertebrates in that state. Holotype.—USNM 325156. Paratypes.—USNM 325157 through 325164. Type-locality.—Harewood section, Fayette County, West Virginia, USGS colln. 12971-PC. Other localities.— West Virginia: Kanawha County, USGS collns. 25656-PC (USNM 168203), 25664-PC (USNM 168204), 25665-PC (USNM 168205) and 25668-PC (USNM 168206). Kentucky: Pike County, top of *'Kendrick shale”” (Morrowan) USGS colln. 21604-PC (USNM 325165). Diagnosis.—Differing from C. casei Bradfield, 1935, in posterior ridges on both valves being closer to pos- terior margin, having shorter radius of curvature, and not extending to dorsal and ventral margins; right valve not overlapping anterior margin. Discussion.—Marple (1952, pl. 134, figs. 4—6) illus- trated a carapace and a right valve as C. casei; their greatest lengths were 0.56 mm and 0.61 mm, and their greatest heights were 0.35 mm and 0.41 mm. These specimens fall between the growth stages illustrated herein on Plate 9, figures 7 and 8. The carapace she illustrated as Healdia fabalis Cooper, 1946, belongs to C. pricei and is not a healdiid. H. fabalis Cooper, 1946, has the left valve overlapping the right as in Healdia ehlersi Bradfield, 1935 (compare РІ. 2, fig. 11 with Pl. 2, figs. 16, 19, 22) and as originally illustrated bears two posterior spines and not ridges as in Ca- vellinella. Text-figure 3 1s a length/height graph based on mea- surement of specimens from the type-locality. I mea- sured the length, height, and width with an ocular mi- crometer that has 0.1-mm divisions and estimated to the nearest 0.01 mm. The specimens were oriented with the smaller valves up, and the length and height were measured on the larger right valve. The width measurements were not plotted because of the errors introduced in positioning the specimens on their ven- tral margins. Thompson and Shaver (1964, p. 6) illustrated the left view of a carapace as Cavellinella casei Bradfield that closely resembles the instar from the Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914) illustrated herein on Plate 9, figure 7. Their specimen is from the Fulda Limestone bed of the Lead Creek Limestone Member of the Mansfield Formation, considered by Shaver and Smith (1974, p. 15) to be Atokan equivalent. Knox (1975, p. 81, pl. 12, figs. 9—16) illustrated as Cavellinella casei Bradfield from the middle part of the Morrow Group WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 31 (Lower Pennsylvanian), Cherokee County, Okla- homa, a specimen that probably belongs to C. pricei. The smaller valve of C. pricei has a thin ridge con- centric with the free margins and a smooth shelf or pd that fits into the overlapping valve (Pl. 9, figs. dis > 17). The larger valve does not overreach along i anterior margin as in C. casei. There are no pits nside the curved ridge as in the Late Mississipplan C. тоғеуі Coryell and Rosanski, 1942. е ргеѕепсе of an inner partition near the posterior PI s valve similar to that known in the Platycopida KE? з 185.20, 22) and absence of this partition on a A e of the same size (Pl. 9, fig. 15) proves that the Fea is dimorphic. Smaller specimens (Pl. 2, figs. im ) have a less curved, almost straight posterior a that extends higher above the valve surface rel- i * to the size of the valve than on later growth n Because these small specimens are associated arger individuals, they are assumed to be con- Specific, Measurements (in mm).— greatest greatest length height ‚ш: (USNM 325163; РІ. 2, figs. 11-13) 0.44 0.30 а (USNM 325158; РІ. 9, fig. 7) 0.51 0.36 Ro (USNM 325159; PI. 9, figs. 8, 9) 0.74 0.51 шд (USNM 325160; РІ. 9, figs. 10-13) 0.91 0.61 r (USNM 325162; РІ. 9, figs. 19-23) 1.07 0.60 5” (USNM 325161; РІ. 9, figs. 14-18) 1.10 0.60 ype (USNM 325157; РІ. 9, figs. 5, 6) 1.10 0.70 meee (USNM 325156; РІ. 9, figs. 1-4) WOUND T) Um ype (USNM 325164; РІ. 5, figs. 21-23) ІЗІ 0.70 Migured Specimen (USNM 325165) 1.44 0.70 > Geographic distribution. —See above, in synonymy Nd under Other localities. Geologic age.—Early and Middle Pennsylvanian Orrowan and Atokan). 0.8 | x eg unb x XX 8 х хх 5 2: хх 5 хх = x = 051 2 > ” x хх xx% z ж х B x T 04| * [S] 9 E x 0.3 " x 0.2 i 1 i і í N І OSO 0T ПТ O ТИ E TS LENGTH, IN MILLIMETERS Тех өнү А А ў ae t Xt-figure 3.—Length-height ratios of Cavellinella? pricei in its YPe-locality. APPENDIX COLLECTION LOCALITIES Collections examined in this study are from the lo- calities described below. These localities are desig- nated using U.S. Geological Survey topographic quad- rangle maps, and some are also shown on Text-figure 1. All locality numbers are part of the U.S. Geological Survey Upper Paleozoic card catalogue. Field num- bers are given in parentheses after the locality num- bers, as applicable. West Virginia 12971-PC (5/13/1/79).—Carbonaceous shale in Winifrede Lime- stone of Hennen (1914), from interval about 1.2 m (4 ft) to 5 m (16 ft) above the Chilton(?) coal bed. Harewood section, Stop 18B of Englund et al. (1979, p. 91). Montgomery 7/2 minute quadrangle, Fayette County. Collected by I. G. Sohn. See Text-figure 1, locality 10, for geographic location. 26774-PC (80-G-5).—Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914) (type- locality). From northern bank of stream in North Hollow of Fields Creek on northern side of company road at point 0.24 km (0.15 mi) east of BM 945, near Carbon Fuels Co.'s tipple at mouth of South Hollow. Belle 7/2 minute quadrangle, Kanawha County. Collected by M. Gordon, Jr., T. W. Henry, R. C. Douglass, and E. L. Yoch- elson, Oct. 10, 1976, and June 31, 1980. See Text-figure 1, locality 9, for geographic location. (= 26713-PC.) 25644-PC.—Thin fossiliferous shale in Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 1, core from interval 0.19 cm (7.5 in) to 0.24 cm (9.5 in) above base of thin coal occurring at altitude 258.7 m (848.8 ft) at point 69.2 m (227 ft, 1 in) below top of “Ка- nawha black flint’? of White (1891). Borehole located on left side of road on Putney Ridge at forks of road to Mt. Desert Lookout Tower [Left Fork of Kelly’s Creek], near Mammoth, W. Va. Mammoth 7% minute quadrangle, 38917727” N. lat., 81922727” №. long., Ka- nawha County. Collected by Т. W. Henry, 1974. See Text-figure 1, locality 4, for geographic location. (= USGS collns. 25643-PC, 25645- PC, 25648-РС, and 12906-PC [from same borehole]). 12917-PC.—Thin fossiliferous shale in Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 2 from core from interval 0.30 m (1 ft) to 0.38 m (15 in) above base of thin coal that occurs at altitude 257.6 m (885 ft, 1 in) at point 65.86 m (216 ft, 1 in) below top of “Kanawha black flint" of White (1891). Borehole located on ridge between Bear Hollow and Deadening Hollow. 38?17'28" N. lat., 81919738” W. long. Mammoth 7% minute quadrangle, Kanawha County. Collected by T. W. Henry, 1974. See Text-figure 1, locality 5. for geographic location. (= USGS collns. 12914-PC through 12916- PC, 12918-PC, and 25664-PC through 25672-PC [from same bore- hole]. 25690-PC.— Thin fossiliferous shale in Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 3, from core from interval 0.483 m (19 in) to 0.559 m (22 in) above base of thin coal that occurs at altitude 258.59 m (848.4 ft) at a point 67.33 m (220 ft, 11 in) below top of “Қапамһа black flint" of White (1891). Happy Hollow of Camp- bells Creek near Putney, Quick 7% minute quadrangle, 38*18' 12" N. lat., 81922743” W. long., Kanawha County. Collected by T. W. Hen- ry, 1974. See Text-figure 1, locality 3, for geographic location. (= USGS collns. 25682-PC, 25683-PC, 25684-PC, 25685-PC, 25687-PC, 25688-PC, 25689-PC, 25691-PC [from same borehole]). 32. BULLETIN 316 25656-PC.—Thin fossiliferous shale in Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 4, from core from interval 3.4 m (11.15 ft) to 3.47 m (11.4 ft) below base of thin coal bed that occurs at altitude 282.2 m (926.0 ft) at point 56.13 m (184 ft, 5 in) below top of “Kanawha black flint" of White (1891). Borehole located on ridge between Eightmile Fork of Campbells Creek, Quick 7% minute quadrangle, 38°18'48” N. lat., 81924750” W. long., Kanawha County. Collected by T. W. Henry, 1974. See Text-figure 1, locality 1, for geographic location. (= USGS collns. 12910-PC through 12913-PC and 25658-PC through 25663-PC [from same borehole]). 12908-PC.—Thin fossiliferous shale in Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 5, from core from interval 3.63 m (11.9 ft) to 3.72 m (12.2 ft) below base of thin coal bed that occurs at aititude 265.9 m (872.4 ft) at point 53.52 m (175 ft, 7 in) below top of ‘ “Kanawha black flint" of White (1891). Borehole located on top of ridge, 15.24 m (50 ft) northwest of two 50.8-cm (20-in) gas lines and located between Eightmile Fork of Campbells Creek and Stone Hollow of Campbells Creek, Quick 7% minute quadrangle, 38?19'01" N. lat., 81923742” W. long., Kanawha County. Collected by Т. №. Henry, 1974. See Text-figure 1, locality 2, for geographic location. (= USGS collns. 12907-PC, 12909-PC, and 25677-PC through 25682- PC [from same borehole]). 25725-PC.—Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 6 (USGS core No. IC-76-1), core sample of medium- to dark-gray calcareous shale from 63.4 m (208 ft) to 64.3 m (211 ft) below surface (and base of Coalburg coal bed), Gauley Mountain (map elevation 1,630 ft), about 1,371.6 m (4,500 ft) southwest of Beech Glen and 1,676.4 m (5,500 ft) northeast of Alta, on divide between School- house Branch and Buck Run, МЕМ Gauley Bridge 7% minute quad- rangle, Fayette County. Collected by H. H. Arndt, Apr. 30, 1976. See Text-figure 1, locality 8, for geographic location. 25726-PC.—Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 7 (USGS core No. IC-76-2), core sample of medium- to dark-gray calcareous shale from 62.18 m (204 ft) to 63.09 m (207 ft) below surface (and base of Coalburg coal bed), west side of Gauley Moun- tain above Schoolhouse Branch (map elevation 1,586 ft), about 1,524 m (5,000 ft) east of Beech Glen and 1,981.2 m (6,500 ft) north of Alta, NEZ Gauley Bridge 7/4 minute quadrangle, Fayette County. Collected by Н. Н. Arndt, Apr. 30, 1976. See Text-figure 1, locality 7, for geographic location. 25727-PC.—Winifrede Limestone of Hennen (1914), borehole No. 8 (USGS core No. IC-76-4), core sample of medium- to dark-gray calcareous shale (grades to argillaceous limestone) from 61.42 m (201.5 ft) to 62.42 m (204.8 ft) below surface (and base of Coalburg coal bed), north end of Gauley Mountain (map elevation 1,548 ft), about 2,286 m (7,500 ft) east of Beech Glen and 1,371.6 m (4,500 ft) southeast of Belva, МЕМ Gauley Bridge 7% minute quadrangle, Fayette County. Collected by H. H. Arndt, Apr. 30, 1976. See Text- figure 1, locality 6, for geographic location. Kentucky 12920-PC (LC-2).—Shale about 4.6 m (15 ft) above strip bench of Hindman coal, in the highwall. About 3.2 km (2 mi) north of Hind- man and 1,207 m (4,000 ft) northeast of Ogden, due north of hill with 1,764 ft elevation. NW corner of Hindman 7% minute quad- rangle, on divide between Trace Branch and Sandlick Branch, Knott County. Collected by C. L. Rice (E&R KG-75-2). 12923-PC (LC4-8).—Shale just above limestone, 0.46 m (18 in) above 0.15 m (6 in) of black shale overlying the Hindman coal bed. On strip bench at an elevation of 522.7 m (1,715 ft) on divide be- tween John Creek and Camp Creek of Middle Fork of Kentucky River, 548.6 m (1,800 ft) northwest of hill marked 1,725 ft, Cutshin 7% minute quadrangle, Leslie County. Collected by C. L. Rice (E&R KG-75-5). 12926-РС (LC5-5).—Shale above *'Lost Creek Limestone.”” Strip bench 532.5 m (1,747 ft) elevation, on divide between Lower Bed Creek and Camp Creek of the Middle Fork of the Kentucky River. In saddle between hill marked 1,870 ft and the hill to the south on Cutshin 7% minute quadrangle, Leslie County. Collected by C. L. Rice, July 20, 1975 (E&R KG-75-5). 12927-PC (LC6-1).—Shale about 0.9 m (3 ft) above Hindman coal. Strip bench at 567 m (1,860 ft) elevation, at head of Raccoon Creek, 609.6 m (2,000 ft) southeast of BM 1472, Cutshin 7% minute quad- rangle, Leslie County. Collected by C. L. Rice (E&R KG-75-5). 12948-PC (KB-66).—Shale in Tradewater Formation above its Mining City coal bed below its Curlew Limestone Member (Ato- kan). At milepost 29, Green River Parkway, approx. 4 km (2.5 mi) west of Morgantown, 1.62 km (5,300 ft) north of boundary, and 1.68 km (5,500 ft) west of boundary of Morgantown 7% minute quadran- gle, Butler County. Collected by John Beard (E&R Coal-79-7). 21413-РС (NB F2S).—''Magoffin beds” of Breathitt Formation. Roadcut on north side of Kentucky Hwy. 80, at a point due north of junction of Rockhouse Creek with small southeast-flowing stream near longitude 83?27'30" W. in southwest part of Hyden West 77 minute quadrangle, Leslie County. Collected by V. M. Seiders, 1963 (E&R KG-64-4). 21604-PC.—Top of Kendrick Shale. Lick Creek 71% minute quad- rangle, on divide between Hurricane Creek and west branch of left fork of Grapevine Creek. Located midway between the apices of 1,720-foot contours; also, above (northeast of) the head of a small tributary of Hurricane Creek at latitude 37927715” N. 0.56 km (0.35 mi) west southwest of BM 1,130, Pike County. Collected by S. C. Bergman, Feb. 1964 (E&R KG-64-23). 12974-PC (KB-5-1).—Clayey shale 0.15 m (6 in) directly below 0.91 m (3 ft) thick Curlew Limestone Member (upper Atokan) of the Tradewater Formation, which is approx. 6.1 m (20 ft) above the No. 4 coal bed, 152 m (500 ft) from north line of Morgantown 7% minute quadrangle boundary and 5.64 km (18,500 ft) from east line of quadrangle (Gildersleeve, 1972). West side of US Hwy. 231, ap- prox. 183 m (600 ft) N of north end of bridge over Green River, approx. 2.24 km (1.4 mi) north of Morgantown, Butler County. Col- lected by T. M. Kehn (E&R KG-75-7). (= loc. Ky-2 of Thompson and Riggs (in Thompson, Shaver, and Riggs, 1959, p. 775); loc. 62 of Thompson and Shaver (1964, p. 12)). REFERENCES CITED Arndt, H. H., Henry, T. 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Contribution à l'étude des ostracodes du Tournaisien in- ferieur de la Belgique (Suite). Soc. Belge Géol., Bull., vol. Roth, к. 82, pp. 301-349, 45 text-figs. [Published in ?1971]. 1928 Monoceratina: A new genus of Ostracoda from the Penn- sylvanian of Oklahoma. J. Paleontol., vol. 2, pp. 15-19, g. 1929. A revision of the ostracod genus Kirkbya and subgenus Amphissites. Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Publ., vol. 1, 55 pp., 3 Roundy, р. i 1926, The microfauna, pp. 5-17 in Roundy, P. V., Girty, б. Н., and Goldman, M. I., Mississippian formations of San Saba County, Texas. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 146, 59 pp., Roky 33 pls. estvenskaja, A. A. 959, Ostrakody Terrigenoi tolshchi Devona zapadnoi Bashkirii i ikh stratigraficheskoe znachenie. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Bashkirskii Fil., Moskva, pp. 117-247, 30 pls. Samoiloya, R. B. des pes 195 ; қ 5 ЈЕ Materialy po izucheniyu mikrofauny Devona Podmoskov- nogho Basseina. Moskovsk. O-va. Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Geol., Trudy, vol. 1, pp. 161-174, 17 figs. m de Posada, L. C. 7. Ostracodes from the Upper Carboniferous of La Camo- cha Coal Mine (Asturias, N. Spain). Rev. Espanola Mi- Sars, с en vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 411-438, 6 pls. 1866, Oversigt af Norges marine Ostracoder. Мог. Vidensk.- Selsk. Forh. Christiania, 130 pp. [1865] 1888. Nye bidrag til kundskaben om Middelhavets Invertebrat- fauna. Arch. Math. Naturvid., Oslo, vol. 12, pp. 173-324, 20 pls. 1926. An account of the Crustacea of Norway, Ostracoda, pts. 13, 14, Cytheridae (continued). Bergen Mus., vol. 9, pp. 209-240, pls. 97-112. Scott, H. W. 1959. Type species of Paraparchites Ulrich and Bassler. J. Pa- leontol., vol. 33, pp. 670-674, pl. 87. Scott, H. W., and Borger, Н. D. 1941. Pennsylvanian ostracodes from Lawrence County, Illi- nois. J. Paleontol., vol. 15, pp. 354-358, pls. 49, 50. Shaver, R. H. 1958. A study of Pseudobythocypris pediformis, a new name for an old ostracod. Am. Midl. Nat., vol. 59, pp. 120-137, pl. 107, 3 figs. 1959. Pennsylvanian ostracods from Morgantown, Kentucky, pp. 781-792, pl. 107, in Thompson, M. L., Shaver, R. H., and Riggs, E. A., Early Pennsylvanian fusulinids and ostra- cods of the Illinois basin. 1. Paleontol., vol. 33, pp. 770- 792, pls. 104-107. 1960. The Pennsylvanian ostracode Bairdia oklahomaensis in Indiana. J. Paleontol., vol. 34, pp. 656-670, 11 text-figs. Shaver, R. H., and Smith, S. G. 1974. Some Pennsylvanian kirkbyacean ostracods of Indiana and Midcontinent Series terminology. Indiana Geol. Surv., Rept. Progr. 31, 59 pp., 3 pls. Sohn, I. G. 1950a. Comparison of etched silicified ostracodes from limestone with calcareous forms from subjacent shale [abs.]. Geol. Soc. Am., Bull., vol. 61, p. 1504. 1950b. Growth series of ostracodes from the Permian of Texas. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 221-C, pp. 33-39, pls. 7, 8. 1954. Ostracoda from the Permian of the Glass Mountains, Tex- as. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 264-A, 24 pp., 5 pls. 1960. Paleozoic species of Bairdia and related genera. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 330-A, 105 pp., 6 pls. [published in 1961]. 1961. Aechminella, Amphissites, Kirkbyella, and related gen- era. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 330-B, pp. 107-160, pls. 7-12 [published in 1962]. 1965. Classification of the superfamily Healdiacea and the ge- nus Pseudophanasymmetria Sohn and Berdan, 1952 (Os- tracoda). U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 525-B, pp. B69- B72. 1968. Triassic ostracodes from Makhtesh Ramon, Israel. Israel Ministr. Dev., Geol. Surv. Bull., No. 44, 70 pp., 4 pls. 1970. Early Triassic marine ostracodes from the Salt Range and Surghar Range, West Pakistan, pp. 193-206, | pl, m Kümmel, B., and Teichert, C. (eds.), Stratigraphic boundary problems: Permian and Triassic of West Paki- stan. Univ. Kansas, Dept. Geol., Spec. Publ. 4, 480 pp. 1971. New late Mississippian ostracode genera and species from northern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 771-A, pp. A1—A22, 9 pls. 1975. Mississippian Ostracoda of the Amsden Formation (Mis- sissippian and Pennsylvanian) of Wyoming. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 848-G, pp. G1-G22, 3 pls. 1977a. Muscle scars of Late Paleozoic freshwater ostracodes from West Virginia. U.S. Geol. Surv. J. Res., vol. 5, pp. 135- 141, 3 figs. 1977b. Zoogeography of ostracodologists, pp. 3-12, 1 fig., in Lóffler, H., and Danielopol, D. (eds.), Aspects of ecology and zoogeography of recent and fossil Ostracoda. W. Junk, The Hague, 521 pp. Sohn, I. G. 1977c. Late Mississippian and early Pennsylvanian Ostracoda from northern Arkansas—A preliminary survey, pp. 149- 159, 3 pls., in Sutherland, P. K., and Manger, W. L. (eds.), Upper Chesterian-Morrowan stratigraphy and the Missis- sippian-Pennsylvanian boundary in northeastern Okla- homa and northwestern Arkansas. Oklahoma Geol. Surv. Guideb. 18, 185 pp. Sohn, I. G., and Jones, P. J. (in press). Carboniferous ostracodes—a biostratigraphical eval- uation. C. R. IX Carboniferous Congr., 41 ms. pp., 2 maps, І range chart. Stewart, G. A., and Hendrix, W. E. 1945. Ostracoda of the Plum Brook Shale, Erie County, Ohio. J. Paleontol., vol. 19, pp. 87-95, pl. 10. Stover, L. E. 1956. Ostracoda from the Windom Shale (Hamilton) of Western New York. J. Paleontol., vol. 30, pp. 1092-1142, pls. I11- 119. Sylvester-Bradley, P. C. 1961. [See Moore, R. C., 1961] Thompson, M. L., and Shaver, R. H. 1964. Early Pennsylvanian microfaunas of the Illinois basin. ЇЇ- linois State Acad. Sci., Trans., vol. 57, pp. 3-23, 1 pl., 2 figs. Thompson, M. L., Shaver, R. H., and Riggs, E. A. 1959. Early Pennsylvanian fusulinids and ostracods of the Illi- nois basin. J. Paleontol., vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 770-792, pls. 104-107. BULLETIN 316 Ulrich, E. O. 1891. New and little known American Paleozoic Ostracoda, pt. 3, Carboniferous species. Cincinnati Soc. Nat., Hist. J., vol. 13, pp. 149-164, pls. 11-18. Ulrich, E. O., and Bassler, R. S. 1906. New American Paleozoic Ostracoda. U.S. Natl. Mus., Proc., vol. 30, pp. 149-164, pl. 11. 1908. New American Paleozoic Ostracoda. Preliminary revision of the Beyrichiidae, with descriptions of new genera. U.S. Natl. Mus., Proc., vol. 35, pp. 277-340, pls. 37-44. Upson, М. E. 1933. The Ostracoda of the Big Blue Series in Nebraska. Ne- braska Geol. Surv. Bull. 8, ser. 2, 54 pp., 4 pls. Victor, R., Dance, K. W., and Hynes, H. B. N. 1981. Drift of ostracodes in adjacent intermittent and perma- nent streams. Hydrobiol., vol. 80, pp. 219-223. Warthin, A. S., Jr. 1930. Micropaleontology of the Wetumka, Wewoka, and Hol- denville Formations. Oklahoma Geol. Surv., Bull. 53, 81 pp., 7 pls. White, I. C. 1891. Stratigraphy of the bituminous coal field of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 65, 212 рр. Wilson, C. W., Jr. 1935. The ostracode fauna of the Birdsong shale, Helderberg, of Western Tennessee. J. Paleontol., vol. 9, pp. 629—646, pls. 77-78. PLATES 38 Figure BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 Аторо (Amphissites) sp. att. А. robertsi Morey y 1985. gi rreri corer omer IO HS анна Mn ee 12 Figured specimen: USNM 325027. USGS colln. 25727-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left), outside, posterior, and inside views of left valve, approx. x60. „ Amphissites. (Amphikeselites) Нейгу new. species... 2.0.00 2 20 CENE e errem ts tette АНЕ Oe ЫК eie e taie бану 12 Paratype: USNM 325078. USGS colln. 25725-PC. Inside, dorsal, and outside views of right valve, approx. x60. АЈА А И E ЛАА ел ов CAESARS od о КУ d ecc e Пеле тады Раи ао та 20 8-10. Paratype: USNM 325070. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 8. Detail of dorsoposterior, to show spine on right valve, approx. x80. 9-10. Dorsal view, and view of steinkern of left valve as well as hinge and overlap of right valve of adult specimen with left valve missing, approx. x40. 11, 12. Paratype: USNM 325071. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and right views of probably subadult carapace, approx. x40. 13, 14. Paratype: USNM 325072. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right and ventral (anterior to right) views of young growth stage, approx. x67. 15, 16. Holotype: USNM 325069. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right) and right views of adult carapace, approx. x40. (See also РІ. 5, figs. 24, 25.) 17. Paratype: USNM 325073. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right anterior oblique view of subadult carapace, approx. x67. BG E ЫЗ ЧЕ os ovt a cete dcn dh e ОТЫН ын АН ET VERRE HUGE а а а 14 Figured Specimen: USNM 331632. USGS colln. 25682-PC. Dorsal and left views of carapace, approx. x67. РОЗНАЕ еу ерее axo vo ee hoses QUEE а ы to do oe О ah 20 20, 21. Paratype: USNM 325074. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and right views of carapace of young growth stage, approx. x40. 22-24. Paratype: USNM 325075. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Posterior (dorsal to left), dorsal (posterior up), and right views of carapace of a young growth stage, approx. x80. 25, 26. Paratype: USNM 325076. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and right views of carapace of subadult growth stage, approx. x40. PLATE | B ULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 PLATE 2 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 39 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 Figure Page 1-10. Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi new species ...................................2..222. КК езе nennen 12 1-4. Holotype: USNM 325029. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Right, ventral, dorsal, and posterior views of carapace, approx. x60. 5. Paratype: USNM 325030. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Outside view of left valve, approx. x67. 6-10. Paratype: USNM 325031. USGS colln. 26774-PC. 6-9. Dorsal, outside, and inside views of left valve, approx. x60. 10. Details of terminal hingement approx. X 200. 11-13. Cavellinella? PCE NEN SPELES E ELM - - 30 ee Paratype: USNM 325163. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left, right, and dorsal views of young growth stage, approx. x67. = HealdiazenlersirBradnelds. LOSS ce a rete a T i 26 14-17. Figured Specimen: USNM 325133. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left, posterior, right, and dorsal views of carapace, approx. х80. 18-20. Figured Specimen: USNM 325134. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Posterior, right, and ventral views of carapace, approx. x80. 21-23. Figured Specimen: USNM 325135. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Posterior, right, and dorsal views of carapace, approx. x80. 24-28. Figured Specimen: USNM 325136. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 24. Detail of anterior of right valve, approx. х240. 25. Detail of dorsoanterior, approx. x220. 26-28. Left, dorsal, and right views of carapace, approx. x67. 29, 30. Figured Specimen: USNM 325137. USGS colln. 25669-PC. Dorsal, and left views of carapace, approx. x 100. 31-33. Figured Specimen: USNM 325138. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 31, 32. Dorsal and right views of carapace, approx. x67. 33. Posterior view, approx. х 133. 40 Figure BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 EIS @Microparaparchities& reduetospinosus New SPECIES о о E GIOI OO QUERN SERE се кв 16, 17: 18-25. 1, 25 3-5. 6-8. Paratype: USNM 325044. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and left views of carapace, young growth stage, approx. x80. Paratype: USNM 325045. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal, outside, and inside views of left valve, juvenile approx. x60. Paratype: USNM 325046. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right, dorsal, and left views of carapace, young growth stage, approx. x66. . Paratype: USNM 325047. USGS colln. 25690-PC. Dorsal and right views of right valve, juvenile, approx. x66. . Paratype: USNM 325048. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and left views of carapace, juvenile, approx. x80. . Paratype: USNM 325049. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal, outside, and inside views of left valve, juvenile approx. x60. Pseudopacaparentesisips ева ts ee ш URS euer Figured Specimen: USNM 325042. USGS colln. 25656-PC. Left and dorsal views of carapace approx. X 100. Mireröparaparchitessneductospinosusatew: SPECIES a el. ето. 18, 19. Paratype: USNM 325050. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (posterior on top) and outside views of left valve, adult, approx. x 66. . Paratype: USNM 325051. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), left, and ventral views, subadult cara- pace, approx. x80. . Holotype: USNM 325043. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right view of carapace, adult, approx. x60. Paratype: USNM 325052. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 24. Polished surface toward anterior in front of midlength of prob- ably subadult carapace, approx. x80. 25. Detail of ventral contact to show absence of inner lamella, approx. x400. PLATE 3 BULLETINS PLATE 4 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 41 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 Figure Page 1-18. Plavskella englundi new species ................................................................. Seen ене еее. 1-3. Paratype: USNM 325081. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), outside, and ventral «anterior to left) views of left valve, young growth stage, approx. x80. Note smooth area along venter. 4, 5. Paratype: USNM 325082. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right and ventral (anterior to right) views of carapace, larger growth stage than stage shown in figures 1-3, approx. x67. 6. Paratype: USNM 325083. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Left view of abraded carapace of young growth stage showing some of the reticulations preserved, approx. x80. 7-9. Holotype: USNM 325080. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal, right, and ventral views of adult carapace, female, approx. x67. 10-14. Paratype: USNM 325084. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left, posterior, dorsal, right, and ventral views of carapace of either adult or subadult male, approx. x80. 15, 16. Paratype: USNM 325085. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal and outside views of right valve, juvenile, approx. x80. 17, 18. Paratype: USNM 325086. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Ventral view and detail of part of ventral surface to show that the smooth surface is not due to preservation, approx. x400. 23. Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952Ж. уу. exe ete ke ere EHE ee е ПБ = = мек 19-21. Figured Specimen: USNM 325057. USGS colln. 26774-PC. 19. Dorsal view, approx. x60. 20. Detail of dorsoanterior to show spinelets on overlapped valve, approx. x320. 21. Right view of carapace, approx. x60. 22, 23. Figured Specimen: USNM 325058. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal and left views of carapace with the hingement and overlap reversed, approx. x60. i 19 42 Figure 1-9. 10-16. 21-23. 24-29. BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5 Баш тасты cb. Borecufornis (Shavers 1939 IN ere da en: 1-5. Figured Specimen: USNM 325106. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right, ventral (anterior to left), dorsal (anterior to left), left, and posterior views of subadult carapace, approx. x40. 6-9. Figured Specimen: USNM 325107. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Posterior, dorsal (anterior to left), right, and ventral (an- terior to left) views of carapace, juvenile, approx. x40. Amphissites (Amphikegelites) henryi new species ........................................................................ 10. Paratype: USNM 325032. USGS colln. 25725-PC. Outside view of left valve, approx. x60. 11-12. Paratype: USNM 325033. USGS colln. 25727-PC. Dorsal and lateral views of left valve, early growth stage, approx. x60. 13, 14. Paratype: USNM 325034. USGS colln. 25727-PC. Left and right views of adult carapace, approx. x60. 15, 16. Paratype: USNM 325030 (same specimen as that shown in РІ. 2, fig. 5). USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and ventral views of left valve, approx. x67. peo elites janie WES pe CLC SHAG Е canis. ee EE ERE O po аа. Figured Specimen: USNM 325041. USGS colln. 12917-PC. Dorsal and left views of adult carapace, approx. x67. Sarita ie БОЗСЕ Sina EIS A rone ©з» rn D EST ьн n comte voee nn е TIE Figured Specimen: USNM 325096. USGS colln. 12917-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left) and right views of carapace with the poste- rior missing, approx. X40. Cavellinellqz PIECE DOW SPECIES а.и аА ple epa Paratype: USNM 325164. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left, dorsal (anterior to left), and posterior views of carapace, probably male, approx. x60. ӨТЕП OIG DEN ре СЕ NE. dex ido oo bs a auia nu Ие 24, 25. Holotype: USNM 325069 (same specimen as that shown in Pl. 1, figs. 15, 16). USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left and posterior views of carapace, approx. x40. 26-29. Paratype: USNM 325077. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right, dorsal (anterior to right), posterior, and left views of adult carapace, approx. x33. 20 PLATE 5 | Bu LLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 PLATE 6 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 43 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6 Figure Page 1-15. Monoceratina winifredeana new есен сас... 1-5. Holotype: USNM 325117. USGS colln. 12971-РС. Right, ventral, dorsal, left, and posterior views of carapace, approx. x80. 6. Paratype: USNM 325118. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right view of carapace, small individual, approx. x80. 7, 8. Paratype: USNM 325119. USGS colln. 25665-PC. Anteroventral oblique and right views of carapace, approx. x80. Figure 7 is foreshortened because of angle of orientation. 9. Paratype: USNM 325120. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Ventral view of left valve, approx. x80. 10, 11. Paratype: USNM 325121. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal and left views of carapace, adult, approx. x80. 12-15. Paratype: USNM 325122. USGS colln. 12917-PC. Dorsal, lateral, ventral, and inside views of left valve, approx. x66. 23. Monoceratina sp. atf, M. macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941 .............................. eese 0002. 26 16, 17. Figured Specimen: USNM 325128. USGS colln. 25726-PC. Lateral view of left valve, approx. x60, and detail of dorsoanterior node to show that the node is part of the shell, approx. х400. 18-21. Figured Specimen: USNM 325129. USGS colln. 12917-PC. 18. Inside view, approx. x66. 19-21. Detail of hinge, and outside and ventral views of right valve with missing dorsoposterior, approx. x 100. 22, 23. Figured Specimen: USNM 325130. USGS colln. 12917-PC. Outside and ventral views of left valve with missing poste- rior, approx. x66. 16- 44 BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7 Figure 1-13. Bairdiaeypris: ch Bi rechformis. (Shaver, 1959) Е ане O O E 1-5. Figured Specimen: USNM 325108. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), left, right, ventral (anterior to right), and posterior views, adult carapace, approx. x50. 6, 7. Figured Specimen: USNM 325109. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left) and right views, younger growth stage, approx. x33. 8, 9. Figured Specimen: USNM 325110. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left) and right views of adult carapace, approx. x40. 10-13. Figured Specimen: USNM 325111. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Ventral (anterior to left), right, dorsal (anterior to left), and posterior views, adult carapace, approx. x50. ME Bamndtolites аваа цане MEW Species! е. RES ORR SRS O ged даа Deve ae ean a 14, 15. Paratype: USNM 325099. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left) and right views, adult carapace, approx. x40. 16-18. Paratype: USNM 325100. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 16, 18. Left and right views of adult carapace, approx. x40; 17. dorsal (anterior to right) of same carapace, approx. x57. 19-21. Paratype: USNM 325101. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right, dorsal (anterior to left), and left views, adult carapace, approx. x40. 22-25. Holotype: USNM 325098. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left), left, posterior oblique, and right views, adult carapace, approx. x40. 26-29. Paratype: USNM 325102. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 26-28. Left, dorsal (anterior to right), inside views of left valve, approx. x40. 29. Detail of posterior, approx. x 130. 23 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 PLATE 8 Figure WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 45 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8 Page ы, Pseudobythocypris? eniemalicamewaspecies ОИЕ er en 1-4, Dy (0, 7-9. Holotype: USNM 325149. USGS colln. 12971-РС. Dorsal (anterior to right), right, left and posterior views of cara- pace, approx. x80. Paratype: USNM 325150. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right) and left views of carapace, approx. x80. Paratype: USNM 325151. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Right, ventral (anterior to right), and left views of carapace, younger individual, approx. x80. 10-13. Paratype: USNM 325152. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 10. Detail of dorsoposterior part of hinge approx. x433. 11. Detail of adductor-muscle-attachment scar, approx. X477. 12, 13. Inside and dorsal (anterior to right) views of left valve, young individual, approx. x80. 14— 4—24. Pseudobythocypris pediformis (Knight, 1928) ...................................:..55:.22-5.-2-----.. өзе ее езе ее еее” 14-17. 18-20. ا 23, 4. Figured Specimen: USNM 325145. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), right, left, and posterior views of carapace, approx. x80. Figured Specimen: USNM 325146. USGS colln. 26774-PC. Right, ventral (anterior to right), and posterior views of carapace, approx. X80. The left side of specimen shown in figure 20 was inadvertently covered by mounting medium for microphotography. Figured Specimen: USNM 325147. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 21. Detail of adductor-muscle-attachment scars, approx. x200. 22. Inside of left valve of an individual younger than the one shown in figs. 14-17, approx. x80. Figured Specimen: USNM 325148. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 23. Detail of adductor-muscle-attachment scars, approx. x 200. 24. Inside of right valve, approx. x80. 28 28 46 BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9 Page Figure 23 ОШОО ЖОО сё и е нан. 30 1-4. Holotype: USNM 325156. USGS collin. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left), posterior, left, and ventral (anterior to right), views of carapace, probably a female, approx. x60. 5, 6. Paratype: USNM 325157. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Posterior and right views of carapace slightly crushed in the an- terior half, probably a male, approx. x50. 7. Paratype: USNM 325158. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Left view of very young instar approx. x60, superposed on the same view, approx. х 120, for comparison with other stages of growth. 8, 9. Paratype: USNM 325159. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Right and ventral (anterior to right), views of carapace of a young growth stage, approx. x60. 10-13. Paratype: USNM 325160. USGS colln. 12971-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), left, ventral, (anterior to left), and posterior views of carapace, subadult? stage, approx. x 60. 14-18. Paratype: USNM 325161. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 14, 15. Dorsal (anterior to right) and inside views of left valve, male, approx. x60. 16, 17. Outside and ventral views (anterior to left), approx. x53. 18. Posterior, approx. x 60. 19-23. Paratype: USNM 325162. USGS colln. 12971-PC. 19-22. Dorsal (anterior to right), inside, outside, and posterior views of left valve (female), approx. x50. 23. Detail of posterior part to show internal septum indicative of female, approx. x 100. BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 PLATE 10 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10 Kirkbyella (Berdanella) ricei new species .......................... ects tert ects see ttt tete ttt Paratype: USNM 331614. USGS colln. 25669-PC. Dorsal and outside views of broken left valve, approx. x 100. - Aurikirkbya spp. ex gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 195990 О e EN И лс E 3, 4. Figured Specimen: USNM 331101. USGS colln. 12910-PC. Outside and ventral views of right valve, approx. x75. 5, 6. Figured Specimen: USNM 331102. USGS colln. 12917-РС. Dorsal and outside views of left valve, approx. x75. 2"Oxthobairdia.oklahomaensis.(Hanlton, L927) nalen tn ee ee + nos cmb to а На er Figured Specimen: USNM 331113. USGS colln. 25669-PC. Right view of carapace, approx. RS, MP Mooritestminutus (Wardin, 193007 ee ee Figured Specimen: USNM 331111. USGS colln. 25656-PC. Right and left views of crushed carapace, approx. X 150. Kirhiya magna: Roth sense Cooper Ибн... еее е es nn Т en ЧАРТА ТОРУ ИН Figured Specimen: USNM 331107. USGS colln. 25660-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right) and outside views of broken left approx. x 100. 47 vi. 16 valve, 48 Figure 2-4. 7-9. 17, 19: 1920: Zig 22, v **Mieropdraparehitess nedüctosprnosus-hew. Species nn Иа. BULLETIN 316 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11 (Except where noted, all specimens are from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Kentucky.) Page SHEER PIERDO ao И eere a РВИ CDD ne Seats 26 Figured Specimen: USNM 168223. USGS colln. 12948-PC. Right view of carapace, approx. х 120. 16 МОНО аа Та o RU en MORD E VIDENTUR RC DE EE Mn ETE 2. Figured Specimen: USNM 331103. USGS colln. 12927-PC. Outside view of left valve, approx. x75. 3, 4. Figured Specimen: USNM 331104. USGS colln. 12920-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left) and outside views of right valve, approx. x 150. Адил туар PPE OC or Атена: Sv err 19599 тат EE Do Turre ee ee ee; 14 5. Figured Specimen: USNM 331105. USGS colln. 12974-PC. Right view of juvenile carapace, approx. x 103. 6. Figured Specimen: USNM 331106. USGS colln. 12926-PC. Right view of carapace, approx. x75. IDIOT AE WERNE SARE оер еее ЕА T E OEE АИ Е RR сел Dis wre tees 25 Figured Specimen: USNM 325127. USGS colln. 21413-PC. Dorsal (anterior to left), right, and ventral (anterior to left) views of carapace, approx. х30. UE Moneceralina sp. аш M maconpeni Scott and Borger, IA... Soca. cess to eek. 26 Figured Specimen: USNM 168219. USGS colln. 21413-PC. Outside view of left valve, approx. x30. < Моносена тик а io OD SESS ЫН IN CLL SLO OR GE кый: Nk ты. 25 Holotype: USNM 71402. Lower part of “Сіепп Formation," Love County, Oklahoma. Left and ventral (anterior to left) views of carapace, approx. x30. = Апр ов ен CAmphikepelites) пешувпеугзресез ооо а UT аа 12 Figured Specimen: USNM 168220. USGS colln. 21413-PC. Outside view of left valve, approx. x30. Figured Specimen: USNM 325055. USGS colln. 21413-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right), outside, and posterior views of left valve, approx. x90. Ехзенцорлиаракстиев spp en ee IAE GO esie ee оа TRUE NUTRIT TECTORIO ү ан eere bens Figured Specimen: USNM 168222. USGS colln. 12920-PC. Posterior and outside views of broken right valve showing a very long dorsoposterior spine, approx. x150. Nlıcroparapdrehitesz redactospinosus: devaspeciese аатина em sa She Figured Specimen: USNM 168221. USGS colln. 21413-PC. Dorsal (anterior up) and outside views of right valve, approx. x90. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) TICE new species: уз,» УУ ку кууу эз + е Ne: 15 Holotype: USNM 331108. USGS colln. 12927-PC. Dorsal (anterior to right) and outside views of left valve, approx. x 150. Bury E TINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 84 PLATE 11 ik Зы а m Я We к ж ж © NA WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 49 INDEX Note: Page numbers are in light face, plate numbers are in bold face type; numbers in italics indicate principal discussions. @enigmatica, Pseudobythocypris Amphikegelites n. dim j Amphissites Girty, 1910 robertsi Morey, 1935 rothi Bradfield, 1935 rugosus Girty, 1910 Sp. Harlton, 1933 amplectens, Sansabella .... Amsden Formation ea AA ан а іе Топев іп Сһартап, 1901 “ata, Jonesina Ardmore Basin t C QE 5,6,9,12-30 A y, 1920 омин TT 30 И Akoya Shaver, 1959 essem 14 | oa A ы ee MEME 14 a ех gr. A. triseriata Shaver, 1959 ............ Tolle. 6,14 AA SNS OSO 2522 14 Ulp соз ыш. 29 ee 24 NEEDED BEA у... уу 722 p n у зуу 120 “ee al ESTES GLO Soi ЖҰМ 222222229 се 2522.28 = 1 Bradfield, П КИУА 23 res HOSE ОДИ 22222202205 SUDAN 6,24 on (Бей 1955 e ORI o oes не еб 24 MO She All) ЕЯ 1522. а ЕРЕ оя 22 ud Groneissands Gale, 19389) oe coor ee 1522,25 E ens „= кз © a ЕД 6,23: Conifer Busch er Hber U es 23 ғы USA lla T eee eot One 23 Be A ss eed ORDER ОЯ 24:32 QU oo Ы A е улын 6,32 Belle 714 mini [PURSE а STO E rios ars а гид 31 bensoni, Saipanetta ЕРЕ БОШ, LOOL ee Bergman, South Carolina ..........................2. ...... Beyrichia fastigiata (Jones and Kirkby, 1867) Birdsalella Coryell and Booth, 1933 ................................. simplex Coryell and Booth, 1933 .................................... Bio cie Везе OOD e e BOE EE ne ee ШОП 6 21,23,25-27,29 ia RES tn I I E bradfieldi, Monoceratina Persansabella ie Brady Өл у лш UE M Breathitt Formation Magoffin Member... SS BIER оп КЛ ОПО ИНДИ o SL ат ыс brevicostatus, Bairdiolites Brown, Walter R. Buschmina (1970) Buschmina (1975) Bythocypris Knight, 1928 pediformis Knight, 1928 Bythocyproidea Stewart and Hendrix, 1945 ........................ 30 Bythocytheridae Sars, 1926 .............................л...... 24 canyonensis, Kirkbya .......... cesse 14 GaramHiedidide sr а ТМ 27 Garbon Веб Qo ае о аас AUR QR cal TOAST semen 31 casera vellineall «senec nennen MENS HUN 29-31 Cavellina Coryell, 1928 ............. 0... ааа. 29 fittsi Kellett, 1935 2............... eee 29 springsurensis Crespin, 1945 29 СауеШпасеа Egorov, 1950. ...........................2.... 29 ОИ АДИО са ARE 29 GavallınalaaBradneld AIS nenn nn 7,29,30 GUS CHB ACHE! Uy A933 ра е 29,30 moreyi Coryell and Rozanski, 1942 AOR ан 31 Cavellinella? pricei n. SD. ......................-.... 255:0 елы» 6,30,31 Cavellinella (Cavellinella) Polenova and Zaspelova, 1953 ...... 29 Cavellinidae Egorov, 1950 29 “Centralia”? Limestone ...............- 16 (Пара ОЕ Chernysheva (1960) Chesten Sha GE Se ne anne Chilton(?) coal bed Chizhova [Tschigova] (1963) .............................2..2.. 20 Chizhova [Tschigova] (1967) sensei ak 20 Chizhova [Tschigova] (1977) ................ gS 20 Goalbürsicoalbed ee nennen 32 compta, Monoceratina 22.00 ла. 25 conien, ВАШЕ ШІ 2222 7 23 Cooper шолу ur LA d NE o 05.0 20 Coop (946); кестен тн De X. Loses cse eapite 13,15,16,24—29 Cora АП (195) Е en 28 СО OM NE н T eui O 16 (Conv ele esc Cem cer a S 25 (ОТПУСКОВ ЕЕ (982) O iia 16 Cuyo land Booth (II E га певана ноу ва ae 30 50 BULLETIN 316 Covell аш Sohn (1930) Saracen cage 19 Gor А И elicit. Won ar een ee een 28 Согре еў Пен OBO ovs anal. we mn ee 28 асе OS) ee ees 28 рей O ше ана: 28 erate eeta, JONES ККЕ О еа a 20 E A ала MU E MUT UE E d 29 єтїї, Adelphobolbina T E anne: 21 FEW НЕТТІ а Му Abalos nado 32, Ооа 7/2 minute quadrangle sicir edens eto плу венаца 32 AS УІНЕ КТО EEE GE A E 20 Cyprididae Baird, 1850 7 A БЕЛЛ ernennen erg 7 CRETE Bald 1800. eases Ee REA 8,24 CVD Тара TONES, OAS erek EEE 8,29 (x uS dice UL EE C DO Gvtherbocopma Grundel Эба 24 Шише әри ШО rn een een darwinuloides, Healdianella Deere FORDA en. 027777... 19 Devils bette ety Member 2... A een 19 т) ооо 2-22 25,26 HOW GIS: ОПСИОН nae Uk eth oa каља 24 VOID А ӨЛ пуан УКК ЛЛ ООО 23 DES MOB сы A MNT. 6,19,24-28 УОИ Сыз. озн о OLS E НАКЕ 16,20,21,23,25,26,30 TDI VITIS S er ce Gales ven EE ca ne casey T T EERE 17,18 ШОШО НӘ ы EC... ТТТ O RUN. 3 Drepanellacea Ulrich and Bassler, 1923.55... ce errem een 15 BASE COEM: cai rds Sees teer ое oe esto sor Чү сук DE 21 одете MG UO Coopers 1940. ern. 13 BBY pt, Eastern Desert ее ee 15 eL SERIE Le ee er Den 6,26,27,30 Brune POMO НА ЕР ee ОЛ ea Ш ООШ КЕ АЈ тт o e Loto 21 Englund, Arndt, and Henry (1979) .............................. HISA Оа Flavi kela- A A ehe e onte Дели 20,21 епіртайса, Pseudobythocypris? 2.2.2.2...) Sinus 28 Fabalicypris Cooper, 1946 .................00.... 23 warthini (Bradfield, 1936)- ecac 3 rn 24 wetumkaensis Cooper, 1946. areas ee 24 ҰЛПАН Та coup en N 30 famensis, Plavskella |.............. eee 20 fastigiata, Beyrichia 2... ааа. Z1 Fayetteville Shale ............ een 11 Perdmand О Гора ел А ован аа etra ke Id EA De 22 Ferdinand Zone 26 firma, Coryellites 28 fittsi, Cavellina 29 Floros ай Arndt ОЛО Жел н аен» MECC E IDE UR Ал dI USO 7 Fort Riey Limestone a. nenne een АН 28 НОУ СО A E E E EE EET ҚТЫ 2ДІ Ce IG SIONS na. аа 15,30 DOA HII SRE ы изу е кенче уым OE 20; Geisina Johnson, 1936 19 ОШО COO LIAO E AEROS ee 21 Casada Sol 1991 Leese e 19-21 ШЕННЕН Т СТ Metu e ИА 27 (НЕР Да и сан ИАЕА CR а НЕ 26 Gildersleeve (1972) 34 (EM ЕТУ т ES 22 ӨШ ОРОККО О АУА ШИШ LIO oe 16 GoleondasRonmation’ aour 39594 da mel nee 17 СОТОК al ee een een Pro Graham Formation ; (Gv EE dS МТК ПС C TU AS UST 19 Tra ERR LOMO) ta o cats co edet FUMUS ano MEUS ee TER 19 СЕО ОО ERR T TRAE EU. 29 СТАО A RT eek S 19 Grapevine Creek, Kentücky van. o RII аро T SUE 32 (Сее епску EG eO UTE aa S DE ay gutkei (cf.), II RDI CU ess ran ыси EE LE 15 KUKOVEC BRANA) te SERT d 5 Pare оо Соот 5,7,9,18,20,21,23,25,28,30,31 AEO ee 25 harltoni, AE AE суу у ER ete 13 Kegelites 13 tantra РЕП (COSTA Drs deser eot о ee 7 Hayden West 722 minute quadrangle 22222222222. 32 Head OU dO LI se 7,26 anoculata БАШ ОН ISS ee, 26,27 cara ВТА ТЕО UII өле een еее ehlersi Bradfield, 1935 Jabilis сое nasuta Dielen NODS na nucleolata Knight, 1928 nucleolata Kiight sensu «оороо i.eererrrsrsererrees 26 laa) ell me, ЛӘ? cocco ent: 2 ТОРО OMEN ТЕ Та EE NE DEL 2 SUDAN OLG Y MIIS seve trade ta E ENT er 2] vlea COSPI ЮЛ шы ау нр кз о RETO NEA TET SE 27 DEG СМАТ IY е: oi Шелл Наш ОШО OS en anni atte ess 7,26,30 СОТОСУ E 29 ОРИ ОТА VAT AD IA 29 ЕТЕ АСаЗЕ ЧАО er een 26 PRI EA OO ot d O Ee ия 29 Метей ОТТА а 5-7,14,17,19-22,24,25,28-31 EINE ABD Wi Meet ТЕН MSN irt 559.91 ТӨШ АЙА (Gros ONIN CUO) ТО yg henryi, Amphissites (Amphikegelites) ......... LAS o 12:19 AAA DUES: HE кы оо NL OO QS 16 Вашаш оа беа cc ner 6.19,24,25,27,92 Holdenville Shale 16 Horowitz, А. 5. 6 Та кому ко ШӘ ТОПЕ O Rp qe cea mire 20 ШОК ОЕ OLMO УЕЛ ш ЕНТ tee DE ROLE 25 EL DOLETOD OU ANI LID ee оа 20 НЕКЕ in IDA 6,9,24-26,28 ҒА и E SOLVE И се ОК 26 BLEU er 26 BIST COUNT N PC MEE EAN: 26 Шен USE E E ОНИЕ 24 Johnson County 27 Lawrence County 26 Marshall County 26 Mercer County 15 Мореја а И OIL сар er DM E ter niet ny 16 PI ИЯ 17 ПЕТИ E rc RU EAM ыы EM 6,9,15 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 51 nee Би 22 Johns Vallee nalen тент entre RN РИ 13 DI T nennen eN 21 Jonesina Ulrich and Bassler, 1908... 20 Jonesina A a RENT 21 BAe бето Brady fide Coopen TAP ЛӨ tect inte 20 deesensis Bradfield sensu Cooper, 1946 ........................ 21 Kanawha black flint anawha Formation Kansas еи ВЕ Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933 ШОЛ ОШ ROME, LITI 000 14 ПО алат anne =. 13 o МЫ, Кы 14 Тн ста M. 6,14 ee А они соу 5,32 ШТ”... 28,29 EEC E E 27 kellettae, EGON Ua С ST 14 ELE ш о ч 18,21,23,30,32 Kendrick Shale Member of the Breathitt Formation ............ 6,7 EIS n dp Rr ye E Na te 6,12-19,21-28,30,3 EN ES Loo RE 12.141992 7.82, i cress aid apenas iv соро 32 ЦЕО 32 IA RS 13,15 ое гладь 32 el CMM EE 32 O они pn es 32 LO O 7 А 17-19,21,24,25,32 Leslie Clin 12,14-18,21-28,32 SE oe SR 18,21,30,32 Raccoon ICON CN P eR E UT RN T 32 Rockhouse (с Re et 32 КШ ОН Т e хоу ee 32 Ттасе STNG Ham ТТС 22222 22- 32 Kesling CAE O gy 20 оо ah ees 25 (уа Jones in Kirkby, 1859 л у e ee 14 SVOE SS ОП. ОРО ee 14 kellettae ШАШ ПАО О К a EES TE 14 Magna Roth sensu Cooper, 1946 ..................... ТО 6,15 КО УОНА OAD Хуу... ошау ушеу 14 ШУ ОКЕ О IOI see 14 “ЕКЬуасеа Ulrich and Bassler, 1906 ................22..1.. 8,11 ЕШШ Е ОНКИ анана ане 14 КОО О Coryell and Booth, 1933 meme 15 Cf. К. gutkei Croneis and Bristol, 1939 ........................... 15 CLD LONE Ор 1935 Коки ес с куркы у 15 Kirkbyella Denda mella) SOLO oo 15 8utkei (Croneis and Bristol, 1939) eeen eee 15 UE ee OM 6,15 E тата апа Gramann, 1966 ое 15 EC NN NU. Do ус уш ы 15 Kirkbyidae UE ARA Bassler: IOS een 14 Indet, 6 Kloedenellaceassceotte LOOL me cic ee meu ete eres eel e ERN 19,20 Kloedenellocopina Scott, 1961 A nope ILI WE. cmo Sa LU SENI. 6 TS ORO IS) са E МЕ E E a e 30 Ricos AAU ее ОТА) н оон a ED E 9 ПОА ASA ЛЛ а ия 19 КАК Munay оао e e а на 26 Bostviek МС Deine о cal 26 landersansssenarapanehuesar оа a 18 Taupnenceyillensts a MORO Сена И е нна 26 keadı@reck Limestone Mombert о. Lick Creek 72 minute quadrangle nn... nenn 32 Тесоро оеп E 25 SEG Sta @Lee KM IMS TOM Oc ee 1 32 16,19,24 macoupeni (sp. aff.), Monoceratina ............... TM СО ИВО а ОК e aa A **Macoupin Limestone" Marbles Каш ШшЕсоПер nen ses ree eer каса A Maddocks (1969) .... МАЧАК О ee ee eae осы О MIAH ЛАУ een ee IIO UI RD VA е “Maco ОСА ЗА И Mammoth > minute quadrangle a шша LL Мале КОШПОЙ were ee, Мат ов ва У Bimestoner ne ee a IC ы O a Marple МОР ca. Marple (992) mn. о ОМ ал M Marple (1937) e vistas E е McKenzie Тб u Metacopina Sylvester-Bradley, 1961 ................................. Microparaparchites Croneis and Gale, 1939 spinosus Croneis and Gale, 1939 ................................ “ Microparaparchites ШОПАН... ТІЛЕК TED RVOE nee d Mining City coal DEd ouea iseer еее Mina RGIyDIopleunna ec RE E A ania pot МОО О nn ee ARS ISS UL eect а DERI кнн EST LL (UAI ay COUN T анаты ан E I ЊЕНИ Се МООН laid bal Bee ceteris а пе уе дес лос 2 ТОПОС ОТТА ОТОО ea NINAS OOS ата а E ОТОП ОНА ПОН LOVE ccc зе АНА засы РЕПО O ІЛ ren СОЙГОК А Уа ОСО ne re lawrencevillensis Scott and Borger, 1941 TOCOUPCHE SCHOLL AMG DOLCE, OH CA en sp. aff. M. macoupeni Scott and Borger, 1941 ... 6,11 ...... 6.25.20 ВАСО OSS оа н 23 БЕЛШЕ КӨШ LOD Ose ee ansia erence 24 veniale Var, magnum КОШ, 10286 na ea cereo eer een 24 ЕЛЕК ОШ ДИЛӘ erc de ee 24,25 uU TCU Uds SD acs Cries ee Gl 6,25,26 Montgomery vo шосе апааа пое no... nn 3i MOE ОБ) АЛЫ E AA 15,16,24,26 MOORES Coryell and Billimess JS a ii 16 5e BULLETIN 316 Moorites feiert Conyell аю шае, 1952- 77.8 Se 16 Патио (Martin 980) nennen 10: 2. 6,7,16 BD к. экен A E E EN E E E A E Lb eU 6,16 Wine CIOS ДЕ со аршадан денін өзне КҮНКҮ o 12 ОАЕ УЕДЕ cco acerca 31 Morgantown 772 minute quadrangle wre. 52 ШИН УАР Шри rd a ЕС 30 ОЕЕО Е Е EC CERTOS ETE DOE E ZI Neokloedenella Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939 ................. 20 prima Croucis and Punkhouser, 1989 е 20 ПЕОМ ас су CODED, Parapar Ties eee eU core 20 Ооа EA CISL are ЫЫ ТЫН О К 260177 ОАА ED NT E ALMA US 6,9,13,15,16,24,26,27 Mi Eod patte COUN a ana 16,24,26,27 ШИШ COMI А i О ПУ ucc er 19,24,27 VO OUI ee те ЕТ а 30 Oklahoma. ТТТ” 6,9,15,16,19,21,24—27,29,31 Та ое БА SEND: ОАЕ 23,26 ЕТЕ АННА ТАТТЫ сет 2127629 (D Ел COIN A EEE dee 31 КАКОЕ ИННА СС Се TS 19 ТОШ ODE оша а а nase nee teks 15,16,24 oklahomaensis, EDAD E ТРЕК ПТ ТТ л T, 22 НИ И Im ТАНЫ САСТЫ CO S CONUAT THREE ANT 27 OLE APO DUO RRR e Ur СТУ re 10 05 6,22 Omaro and Grania (LIGO) siro er ан esos ec ostrea oa 15 casei a E ee nee 28 Oropa dia Sohn: TION cece tersena 0» Orthobairdia oklahomaensis (Harlton, 1927) ...... ТО 6,22 UE e BETIS RS SERT еее kes e SE SSS 21 Palzeocopida Henningsmoen, 1953 .. ce eve eret eene 11,17,20 Багараполияеса SCO, 1999! ее 19 Paraparchites TOOL SOINS. Warta, 1930 A кекке ner reves seam 18 IDEE A SAA AS Бруна улда KRE су. кораш” 19 Rickies Vat CV GIOVE: Ошу, ТОЛО. 20 Parapareliitigge SCO, 1999 nee 19 Рагиратешосора Grammi, 19/5 инее изи some coins ineft iuto 19 pediformis, ОСУУ лан а ERR E ches canker ted UM t 28 ОУ 28 ОИСР T не OE Белек ите COME 6,28 WA n саба а DY CLIC” Vak euren ses па а RE FE Persunsubella Cyel and Sol, 1938 eere neca euren rade de Coryell and Sohn, 1938... rores do ones to 32 2- ОООО PLA CI atau wen л E ырыл CR NU T (МИ CODIU Sars, LOOO A Vie cinco ndn eos ate OOS pivot een sug Hiis ППУ ОЛ MA e.c СА MM Ioas ағыс аа а шы ы Mtt б оо d Т Ja lods dH ЕЛШЕ ШЫ. ee T TTE EIE "io utes n оли ШӨБІ е ае еси Е ESCHERMALNSCHIEA CMZNOVA; 1909. «1. шн... en РОДОС ИСТРУ ДРАМУ ВА LIS acs E essen, РЕЗЕ ОП BOE. ао е имде НИ Podocopida Soe 18008 е а e nhu ror teer eert TIU ISO к икн DAA ee ertet tra eei Polemvaun Chernysheva (1960) 7... ге ovs resres: Polenova and Zaspelova in Polenova (1953) Rot miles ROMO ЛОРИ ИЯ 13,27,30 EWU Momba Racca eS E 13 EC Cam WAR СОНЫ en КК ОК ЛЛУ ТТ: 30 ¡ral CON АО О ee 25530252 6,30,31 prima, Neokloedenella | ...... ЛЫ ГОЛЛУ ы 20 ПРИТОМ ИКОС PS SRN EF LISS ne ea 7,27-29 Achern K mient, 1928) 22222222. ER 6,28 Pseudobythocypris? enigmatica n. SP. ............ Bere 6,28,29 Bseudopatapanelitäceamssupemlam nen 17 ID IO par aaa nel 2202227 777: ТАШ VISA e ES MI кетерик И ое 17 A O е t KA Sl en 6,17 Dpsendoparapanchitidaevi tan о 17 ИСТОТО ЧСА то ет ООВ ОО е 30 (ONE аА ОО 9,10 (Оаа ROMO, LOIS оо оао 21 ОШО 772 ШЕ апа ГАШ е ее 31 ата Еа О К УЛОУ COE TE 27 PATITAS IA OR DEDERE DOLIO, 24 ТОСО) D ILIO DESSIN е ISTE. 24 reductospinosus, '*Microparaparchites" ... 3,11 ...... 6,8,17,18 uec Cree reek MAREC DEO Um 5215982 Eros ЕТ ron Roe E ren a Ricordi Suit dos O) ee а 7 RICORDA) Renters: е аат А ИИ ricei, Kirkbyella (Berdanella) robertsi, Amphissites. .........2. robertsi (sp. aff.), Amphissites ехо Јо ој у ОЛ) een ататек те ee Roth (1928) Roth (1929) HOUT AAP NISSILCN ERE ааг рева N 13 Roundya@9P Meo CS mre еа ИИ 11 ВОН руси Каја ISE nennen RAR 29 PULOTU INUTIL. А КАК RR O 11 КЩ ШАРТ ас meer en STA PELIS 20 Ж ОЕ ООО NAAA 1968 О 20000174 7 RAM MA Coal Odean AS E RTT TEE TEN Tur ЕН 7 SOPENA dox) t MACUL OCKS Э МА АИ ит 1 Sapan etida MOREL OS ar а уге d Seiten Oven Oe denm Ее LTA ES 20 Salcido Мор акад 61977). ТТР ОРИ ЧИ ПИ N 28 ОПОРОСУ ТОРО ааа EEA RR 8,19 СОТУК A ТТІ ОНЫ 19 TOL ioe (WWM КОО а ауте 19 Semana CEN AUD е арала о ТТ ПЕС о in 6,19 Since leo DIOL 22 e CH кізе ТТІ Еее 19 Simon la T 20 SONAS EAN Е Lo 6,20 Scanning Electron Microscope [SEM] nn 9,10 СОТО И оу ООЛ а LS I TEE I UN. етае УМЕ ла УСПОН ЕРО Ше RATE NISUS СУСС SERO IRI BC C HE EET SHAVE TR ШЕ дд. лекстүү ны И SHAVED ОБОЈЕ nn sn Shave ОВОЈ ИМ Те een Shaver in Moore, 1961 Shaver in Thompson, Shaver, and Riggs (1959) .................. 22 Shaver and SIITA ee 13-15 WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIAN OSTRACODES: SOHN 53 КОО re 8,19 О ОЕШ (У ОО е 20 Saundersi n. SD Ee M E ы А S T UE E е ЕЗ е 6,20 END Saini TS 13 Spel (ШӨН апа Bassler 190622222222 13 шапа VAG) a САНА. 28 UNT AS 122 C 30 ior СИЕ ЕККЕН 5 ch a o o e eo E Shampoo, ИЕН eT 6,19 б ds Ra ae 27 Sulcata, ПО а ва зы 27. ККМ ЛА. e o ИЛА A И ee 26 Оа Вау in Moore ову eee 7,26 Ylvester-Bradley and Kesling in Moore (1961) .................. 24 Tennessee VENUES TENE E ASTE EEE у а 15 База ее Ann det буз ы, 9,14,16,19,30 Eastland СОУ ee 16 ШЫНЫ, ae 14 San Saba (COUNTY or e a E E A 19 none ШЫ... 2... 30 ethan ADU КОВЕР er 32 m ande науа (19604) * ОИН. 30 е о. Shaver, and Riggs (1959) а. 32 Е NE cares chien tare Rd ere de 27 ER e... OEIL hk A es M addet 23 Тасе тае оао 252022202022 2 6,15,27,32 triseriata (spp. ex gr.), Aurikirkbya — ............... 10,11 ...... 14 О ДОТОР 24 sc Hamas СС РИШКЕН en ee 20 Union Dairy Limestone Member 222222222222. Тм 25 Wppembortascottweime stone 222222... 1 28 MNT, MONOC ena QUE Не па ea 24 VentralevatsrndenumsMonoceratnd ы. 24 ОПО 2 Monoseratina CSRS CO С Сына 25 Victor Dance sand уше lOO) nn 7 aotret i cine nent Pm ROME CAM is M C е 6 VORO NUCENA Tal US KGL Gs nen аны зы a 20 Voucher SPECIMENS mern Cine ans 10 AL e TE 15,24,25 Want asus CL CUCL GN DES > А ee 24 Wavlandés halo «esos: ar EE EE ee 16,30 WEST BAR SOO ан а Miu GEA E E А 11 Ба Капе ао ОСИ 11 WS SURV Nem а о 5-7,9, 12-28 ,30-32 A Grae neal Mee CM ee e а 32 Beecht@len Та алы ММ Аы Ы Эй БЕА е tone es аа 32 ВИСОКА ATHE ID CQ re R 32 атрос еек Ие 31532 Баве County rn ern 12,18,20-22,24-27,31,32 Gailey Mountains. ees aT 32 Kanawba County. een 12-19,21,23-28,30-32 Schoolhouse Branch u... e пао 32 ОКОП Fabal ypris e eO me 24 ше (US OI) ы ee en, 31 A A лан 3 Winifrede Limestone ............ 5-7,9,12,14,17,19-22,24,25,28-31 winifredeana, Monoceratina блк oci 25,26 wordensis, Kirkbya en een a een 14 wymeni, Kirkbya уе тнк еее... 14 WYOMING T IE 12 о CONS eee EDT EIU EU uU E 12 O 2-22... 31 Youngiellacea Kellett, 1933 ........................................ 16 Youngiellidae Kellett, 1933 .................................... 16 PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS Bulletins of American Paleontology usually comprises two or more sep- arate monographs in two volumes each year. This series is a publication outlet for significant longer paleontological monographs for which high quality photo- graphic illustrations and the large quarto format are a requisite. Manuscripts submitted for publication in this monograph series must be typewritten, and double-spaced throughout (including direct quotations and ref- erences). All manuscripts should contain a table of contents, lists of text-figures and (or) tables, and a short, informative abstract that includes names of all new taxa. Format should follow that of recent numbers in the series. All measurements must be stated in the metric system, alone or in addition to the English system equivalent. The maximum dimensions for photographic plates are 178 mm X 229 mm (7" X 9”; outlined on this page). Single-page text-figures should be drafted for reproduction as single column (82 mm; 314”) or full page (178 mm; 7”) width, but arrangements can be made to publish text-figures that must be larger. Any lettering in illustrations should follow the recommendations of Collinson (1962). Authors must provide three (3) copies of the text and accompanying illus- trative material. The text and line-drawings may be reproduced xerographically, but glossy prints at publication scale must be supplied for all half-tone illustrations and photographic plates. These prints should be identified clearly on the back. All dated text-citations must be referenced, except those that appear only within long-form synonymies. Additional references may be listed separately if their importance can be demonstrated by a short general comment, or individual annotations. Referenced publication titles must be spelled out in their entirety. Citations of illustrations within the monograph bear initial capitals (e.g., Plate, Text-figure), but citations of illustrations in other articles appear in lower-case letters (e.g., plate, text-figure). Original plate photomounts should have oversize cardboard backing and strong tracing paper overlays. These photomounts should be retained by the author until the manuscript has been formally accepted for publication. Explanations of text-figures should be interleaved on separate numbered pages within the text, and the approximate position of the text-figure in the text should be indicated. Explanations of plates follow the Bibliography. Authors are requested to enclose $10 with each manuscript submitted, to cover costs of postage during the review process. Collinson, J. 1962. Size of lettering for text-figures. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 36, р. 1402: Gilbert Dennison Harris (1864 - 1952) Founder of the Bulletins of American Paleontology (1895) ISBN 0-87710-39!7