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Los ANGELES Satie? ARBORETUM

301 No. Baldwin Avenue, Arcadia, California

WILLIAM S. STEWART Cable: LASCA, Arcadia, Calif. GEORGE H. SPALDING
DIRECTOR

Telephone: Hillcrest 6-5247

December 23, 1958

Board of Supervisors
County of Los Angeles
501 Hall of Records
Los Angeles 12, Calif.

Gentlemen:

The activities of this Department are summarized in the
accompanying report for the fiscal year 1957-58. The functioning
of the Arboretum is approaching the goal set forth in 1948 and the
objectives stated at that time are now being realized. These
objectives are:

1. A horticultural center for Southern California,
providing facilities for the promotion of horti-
culture and floriculture, fostering more ex-
tensive and intelligent use of ornamental plants
and trees to enhance Southern California's
gardens, parks and parkways.

2. A center for the introduction, testing and im-
provement of plants adaptable to Southern
California.

3. A gardening school for training gardeners, garden
superintendents, propagators and other skilled
personnel required by commercial and private
nurseries and gardens; with special events and a
portion of the curriculum of interest to amateurs.

4. Acenter of research and scientific study, working
in collaboration with educational institutions
and with Federal, State and County departments of
agriculture.

-2- Board of Supervisors - County of Los Angeles - 12-23-58
continued:

5. An information center maintaining a complete
catalogue of all plants cultivated in
Southern California, where specimens can be
readily identified, and practical advice given
on planting, propagation and cultivation.

6. A library and herbarium.

7. A publication center for bulletins, books and
pamphlets.

8. <A preserve of early California architecture
and authentic historical gardens.

9. A bird sanctuary.

The investment in the Arboretum, in addition to its
immediate returns in research contributions and the educational
program, will pay dividends for generations to come. In terms of
tree growth a decade is a small time unit. Just as the trees planted
between 1840 - 1880 in the Historical area of the Arboretum grounds
are even now still used and enjoyed so will the trees now being
planted be appreciated in 1980 and 2000. With vanishing rural area
in the County and a predicted population increase to nearly ten
million by 1980 there will be increasing demands on the Arboretum
for its horticultural services. Even at present there is no com
parable metropolitan area in the world with such a scarcity of
conservatories, public gardens and plant demonstrations as in Los
Angeles County. This situation is becoming worse, not better, as
we loose our green belts of orange groves and agricultural areas
and replace them with housing tracts, shopping centers, and asphalt.
This is particularly tragic as it is occurring in an area climatic-
ally so ideal that it should lead the world in civic plantings,
beautification, and appreciation of plants.

That the Arboretum and Descanso Gardens are recognized as
an outpost standing against this tide is evidenced by the fact that
they are featured by the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce and the
All-Year Club among the attractions of Southern California. The
steadily increasing attendance and use of the Arboretum attests to
its importance for the residents and communities of Los Angeles

County.
el

William S. Stewart
Director

‘wSS/jd

LOS ANGELES COUNTY

DEPARTMENT OF ARBORETA AND BOTANIC GARDENS

BOARD OF SUFERVISORS

FRANK G. BONELLI -

KENNETH HAHN

JOHN ANSON FORD -

BURTON W. CHACE ~

CHATRMAN

WARREN M. DORN -

L. S. HOLLINGER, CHIEF

1ST DISTRICT
2ND DISTRICT
3RD DISTRICT
4TH DISTRICT
5TH DISTRICT

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DEMONSTRATION HOME GARDEN

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS

HORTICULTURE

PLANT SFECIALS

PIANT IDENTIFICATION AND RECORDS

ARBORETUM VISITORS

THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

RESEARCH

CALIFORNIA ARBORETUM FOUNDATION, INC.

SPECIAL EVENTS

FINANCIAL REPORT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

15

16

22

26

28

32

40

46

A Ribbon Cutting

SUPERVISOR CHACE TO CUT RIBBON AT ARBORETUM HOME DEMONSTRATION GARDENS

"Formal opening of the four new Demonstration Home Gardens at the
Los Angeles State and County Arboretum in Arcadia will be denoted tonight
at 5:00 PM when Chairman Burton W. Chace of the Los Angeles County Board
of Supervisors will cut the ribbon at the Gardens! entrance."

"The Demonstration Home Gardens are four in number....the words
HOME and DEMONSTRATION are keys to how and why the gardens were designed
and built ....first, they were planned for the homes of real people ....
second, they were designed to demonstrate how to use hundreds of new
and old building materials as well as new plant introductions and old
plants in new settings ...."

"One should realize that he is seeing a demonstration of many ideas
rather than a single approach to garden layout and design eeeeturnishings
and plants will be changed by the season, structures may be altered,
remodeled, rebuilt --- to try out new ideas and new materials .,.,"

"The Gardens are co-sponsored by the California Arboretum Foundation
Inc., and Sunset Magazine. The design, planting and construction of these
gardens was the responsibility of landscape architects Bettler Baldwin
and Owen Peters, and the staffs of the Arboretum, California Arboretum
Foundation, Inc., and Sunset Magazine."

"The gardens will be open to the public May 24. Throughout the
summer, the gardens will be open Friday, Saturday and Sunday from 9:00 AM
to 9:30 PM. Other days of the week, the hours will be from 9:00 AM until
dark,"

Supervisor Burton W. Chace cuts ribbon with
golden pruning shears to officially open
the four Demonstration Home Gardens,

From left to right: Mr. Chace, Mr. Robert

Magazine and Dr. William S. Stewart,
Arboretum Director,

Katte S hade

LOOKING WEST AND TO THE RIGHT FROM THE FIRE PIT, ONE SEES A
COVERED WALK-WAY. A DEMONSTRATION OF WOOD, PLASTIC, BAMBOO,

REED AND ALUMINUM ROOFING MATERIALS,

PATIO SIDING MATERIALS ARE DISPLAYED BETWEEN THE SUPPORTING

POSTS.

THE RETAINING WALL IMMEDIATELY BELOW WAS CONSTRUCTED BY

POURING CONCRETE AROUND LARGE, SMOOTH FACED STONES,

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A RAISED DECK PATIO, CONSTRUCTED OF
REDWOOD AND APPROPRIATELY FURNISHED,

IN THE FOREGROUND, IS A SMALL MIRROR
POOL CROSSED BY CONCRETE PILLAR STEPPING
STONES,

AT RIGHT, FLAMES DANCE ON THE WATER FROM
UBMERGED GAS BURNERS

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CIRCULAR STEPPING STONES COLORED WITH
PASTEL LITHOCHROME CEMENT, LEAD TO THE
FIRE PIT OF THE ENTERTAINER 'S GARDEN,

IN THE BACKGROUND, CAN BE SEEN A MORE
FORMAL, COVERED PATIO FOR ENTERTAINING,

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THE EASY MAINTENANCE PATIO GARDEN,

CONCRETE BLOCK STEPS, BRICKED AREA,
COLORED SLABS OF TROWELLED CEMENT, RAISED
PLANT BEDS OF SUCCULENTS, REDWOOD BENCHES
MAKE THIS A PLEASING AND COLORFUL GARDEN,

THE FAMILY OF THIS GARDEN SPENDS ITS FREE
TIME AWAY FROM HOME AND THE USUAL GARDEN
WORRIES,

Ny

Garden

THE TWO CHILDiEN SHOULD BE AT HOME IN THIS AREA,
FOR IT'S THE PLAY AREA OF THE FAMILY GARDEN,
BEHIND THEM IS A "JUNGLE GYM" OF PIPE, WOODEN
SUPPORTS AND CIRCULAR WOODEN PLATFORMS.

BEING THE FAMILY GARDEN, SUCH VEGETABLES AS BEETS,
CARROTS, CABBAGES, PEPPERS ARE FOUND IN THE RAISED
PLANTING AREAS IN THE BACKGROUND,

FENCE PANELLING SAMPLES OF MANY COLORS, CONSTRUCTION,
MATERIALS AND DESIGN BORDER THIS GARDEN.

STEEL POLES FOR TETHER BALL, LAWN TENNIS AND BADMINTON
ARE AVAILABLE,

IN THE FOREGROUND ARE SAMPLES OF FAVING FOR PATIO AND WALKS,

Ahant
Cotlector

FROM THE OPEN GARDENING AREA

SHED - TOO E BUI
"KIT" TYPE UNIT, THIS STRUCTURE IS ee
FOR ea BY THE HOME OWN

SHEET PLASTIC ROOF, REPLACES CONVENTIONAL '
G

AT THE EXTREME END OF THE GREENHOUSE, CAN BE
SEEN THE ATTACHED LATHHOUSE,.

Caprttol Linfarcvernent

THIS YEAR THE Arboretum Service Unit building was completed.... construc=
tion followed our other building designs of cement block, painted light tan
and roofing of large grade crushed rock of a gray color.... within this U-
shaped building one finds: offices of the Chief Horticulturist, Arboretum
Foreman, Park Maintenance Man; storage for spray rig, chipper, lawnmowers
and other grounds maintenance equipment; lumber storage and carpenter shop;

a small mechanical maintenance shop; small tool storage; agricultural chemi-
cal storage; pot cleaning and storage area.... outside the building, but
attached to the building, are 6 concrete compost bins, 4 bulk storage bins
for fertilizer, sand, gravel and soil mix.... all fuels and oils for the pow-
ered equipment is located near the Service Unit.... what previously was a

scattered Service Division, is now centralized, efficient and a much appre-

ciated part of the whole Arboretum,

Plants make an Arboretum. The Chief Horticulturist, the Arboretum Gar-
deners and their helpers cannot be credited sufficiently in this report for
the excellence of their sections, This brief review can only high-light
their endeavors,

PATRONAGE OF THE BIBLICAL GARDEN atop Tallae Knoll increased this year....
approximately 150 plants mentioned in the Bible are now growing in this Garden

eooe & few of the more interesting and most mature species are: Zizyphus

spinacrista, or the "Crown of Thorns" bush; Cedrus lebani, the true Cedar of

lebanon; Ficus sycamorus, the sycamore mentioned in Luke 19:4; Cyperus papyrus,

the Egyptian bulrush used in hiding Moses; Olea europgea, the Biblical olive

tree; Pinus halepensis, the Aleppo pine, mentioned in the Bible as firwood;

and Narcissus tazetta, called daffodil in the Bible.... seed source for these

plants has been Israel and other Biblical related countries of the Mediterranean.
A NOTE ON OTHER SEED AND PLANT EXCHANGES....
SINCE 1949, THE ARBORETUM HAS BUILT UP A
RECIPROCAL TRADE ARRANGEMENT WITH APPROX~

IMATELY 175 BOTANICAL GARDENS THROUGHOUT
THE WORLD.

THE ANTELOPE VALLEY TEST STATION OF THE
ARBO.ETUM STARTED A YEAR AGO IN MAY, NOW
INCLUDES 500 PLANTS UNDER TEST.... 100
OF THESE PLANTS ARE NEW SPECIES TO THE AREA,
THE PERENNIAL DISPLAY GARDEN truly added color to the fall scene...ehere
was fresh color, not the farewell of a summer past.... 40 species and varieties

of Chrysanthemums, totaling 1,100 plants produced colors of white, pink, scar-

let, yellow and on into the copper tones.

IN EARLY DECEMBER.... Sturt's Desert Pea (Clianthus speciosa) in the Aus-
tralian Section displaying large, brilliant red flowers against gray foliage,
eeee Eucalyptus rhodantha of silver gray branch and leaf, in full bloom of
bright red flowers, 3 inches in diameter.... 125 species of Acacias beginning

to flower,

Most striking in the South American Section was Cassia splendida, bearing clus-

ters of large, deep yellow flowers.... Thea sinensis, commercial source of Pekow

tea, could be seen bearing cream yellow camellia-like flowers.... the neighbor-
ing city of Pasadena's gift, an Arabian coffee tree set a great quantity of
fruit.... as an attraction at the Gatehouse, the public expressed interest and
verbal curiosity about this plant whose product is closely associated with

breakfast, the world over.

| THE FLOWER (RED FILAMENTS AND
YELLOW POLLEN SACS — NO PETALS)

OF EUCALYPTUS RHODANTHA,

SPRING CAME FIRST to the South African Section with
bold, gay colors.... the "daisies" caught the eye:
Euryops, Dimorphotheca, Gazania, Felicia and Ursinia,
South African bulbs, ground covers, succulents, shrubs
and trees each in turn added more color to delight
the plant fancier....

AS THE SEASON lengthened and the days became warmer,

the visitor could wander further among blooms....

30 varieties of Azaleas were to be seen in bloom on

the north slope of Tallac Knoll.... Camellias of the

18

CASSIA SPLENDIDA MAKES
A SHRUB-TREE IN THE SOUTH
AMERICAN SECTION, THE

FLOWERS ARE YELLOW-GOLD,.

reticulata and japonica species also grace this hillside.... Hibiscus huegeli,

the Blue Hibiscus of Australia was another color attraction.... flowering plums,
Prunus blirieana, in the Herb Garden added a light, delicate pink cloud of flow-
€TSeeee rock work on both the north and south borders of the Herb Garden were
completed.... the south rockwall fronts the coming Fragrance Garden for the

Sightless..ee

CASSIA NAIROBENSIS FROM
SOUTH AFRICA, RICH
YELLOW FLOWERS AND DEEF
JUNGLE GREEN LEAVES,
FLOWERS SMELL LIKE FRESH

POPCORN.

A CLASS OF CHILDREN
LEARN THAT, 'THAT
PINE TREE! =
AURACARIA EXCELSA —-~

IS NOT A PINE!

THE SOUTH FACING SLOFE
OF TALLAC KNOLL IS
BECOMING OUR DOMESTIC
FRUIT AND NUT TREE
EXHIBIT AREA, THIS
SEEDLING AVOCADO
COLLECTION IS BEING
PROTECTED FROM HOT

SUN BY PALM FRONDS,

IN APRIL, as the visitor drives along the street which fronts the Arboretum
he is treated to the blaze of color from 10 species of ice plant flowers

_ (Mesembryanthemum), Gur original seed came from the South Africa National Bo—
tanie Garden in Kirstenbosch.... also along Baldwin Avenue, one finds Puya

spathecea with its red, four-foot tall spike bearing green flowersSeec.e

20

} a PLANTED FOUR YEARS AGO, SINOCALMUS

OLDHAMI (GIANT BAMBOO) EFFECTIVELY

SCREENS THE HIGHWAY FROM VIEW AND
HUSHES THE TRAFFIC NOISE WHICH OTHER-

WISE INVADES THE PEACE OF THE GROUNDS.

THE ORCHID GROWERS ARE SWINGING THEIR

TEREST AND EFFORTS TO SUCH BLOOMS AS

Hi
al

FHALANEOPSIS SHILLESTANA. THE AROBRETUM'S

ORCHID COLLECTION HAS MORE THAN DOUBLED

THIS YEAR, IN QUANTITY AND QUALITY,

EACH CHRISTMAS, THE ARBORETUM'S 'LIVING!
GREETING IS THE NIGHTLY LIGHTED AND STAR

TOPPED SETTING OF PHOENIX RECLINATA,

peas

AND FINALLY JUNE the day lilies in colors from yellow, orange, pink
and red.eee Our white flowering Jacaranda acutifolia believed to be the only
ones of their kind in North America.... our original eleven cuttings came from
the Estacion Experimental Agricultura de la Molina, Lima Peru.... the scarlet
Wisteria tree (Daubentonia tripetii).... and the collection of Callistemons

continued to furnish color and interest for the visitor.

Rgant

A HANDSOME NEW GROUND COVER IS READY FOR RELEASE BY THE ARBORETUM...
FROM THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA, OSTEOSPERMUM FRUTICOSUM IS MADE
AVAILABLE TO NURSERYMEN.... IN ITS HOME LAND IT IS CALLED THE NAUVE

OR WHITE DAISY BUSH.... BUT IT IS NOT A BUSH, BUT A GROUND COVER
I SIX TO EIGHT INCHES HIGH.... THE TWO-INCH FLOWERS OPEN A ROSY
TA LAVENDER, TURNING TO NEARLY PURE WHITE AS THEY AGE.... THE FOLIAGE

IS ATTRACTIVE THE YEAR ROUND, PLANTS BLOOM IN THE WINTER....IN
we, SOUTH AFRICA THIS PLANT STANDS 15 deg. F., AND OUR EXPERIENCE
. INDICATES THAT IT SHOULD BE HARDY HERE.... THE STEMS ROOT INTO
THE SOIL EVERY FEW INCHES AND QUICKLY COVER A VERY LARGE AREA....
IT IS ALSO GOOD FOR SMOOTHERING OUT WEEDS.... THE ARBORETUM WILL
SUFFLY WELL ROOTED CUTTINGS OF OSTEOSPEFMUM FRUTICOSUM IN UNITS

OF 25 CUTTINGS AT A COST OF $2.50 FER UNIT. THERE WILL BE A

LIMIT OF ONE UNIT PER NURSERY....

THUS THE ARBORETUM IS BEGINNING TO RELEASE
TESTED PLANT MATERIALS TO THE TRADE.... THE FUBLIC WILL

SOON ENJOY NEW PLANTS FOR THEIR GARDENS ....

22

A PORTION OF THE LATHHOUSE AND NURSERY WHERE GREVILLIA

NATIVE - IS USED AS A BORDER PLANTING....

LANIGERA — AN AUSTRAL-

A MORE INTIMATE VIEW OF
G. LANIGERA, PLANTED ON

A SHOULDER SLOPE, THE

PIANTS ARE APPROXIMATELY
3 FEET HIGH, SMALL, RED
FLOWERS FROM LATE FALL
CONTRAST WELL WITH THE

GREEN FOLIAGE,

ABOVE: A YOUNG TREE OF CHORISIA SPECIOSA.... GREEN BARK, SPINY TRUNK, BRIGHT
GREEN LEAVES

THE FLOWER OF C, SPECIOSA
MEASURES 4-5 INCHES ACROSS,
PALE ORCHID TO ORCHID IN
COLOR, AN EXOTIC OF MUCH
PROMISE FOR SOUTHERN CALI~

FORNTA,

DISTRICT 12 OF CALIFORNIA GARDEN CLUBS, INC.
SPONSORED TWO STANDARD FLOW:R SHOWS -—
NOVEMBER 23 AND MAY 10..e- "EAST MEETS
WEST® WAS THE THEME OF THE FORMER; THE
LATTER FEATURED "FROM THE MOUNTAINS TO THE
SEA"... THE SHOWS BROUGHT OUT SOME
INTERESTING INOVATIONS OF A LADY'S STANDARD

HEAD PIECE!

INDIVIDUAL ENTRIES OF

FLOWER ARRANGEMENTS

EXHIBITED IN THE LECTURE

ROOM OF THE ADMINISTRATION
_ BLDG. DURING THE FLOWER

SHOW.

AN IDEA CERTAIN OF SUCCESS
WITH ‘SMALL FRY' GARDENERS
WERE THE SEED MOSAICS ENTERED
IN THE JUNIOR DIVISION OF

THE FLOWER SHOWS,

THE ARBORETUM IN COOPERATION WITH THE LOS ANGELES CHAMBER
OF COMMERCE, MAINTAINES THIS LARGE INDOOR PLANTER IN THEIR
BUILDING, COLORFUL FLOWERING FLANTS ARE CHANGED WITH THE

SEASON,

Rlant Identification
And Records

To many readers of annual reports, this portion of the Horticultural
Section may lack the interest and 'color' of the previous sections....
THIS IS UNFORTUNATE.... FOR.... THROUGH THIS SECTION PASS ALL THE PLANT
MATERIAL WHICH ENTERS OR LEAVES THE ARBORETUM.... Let's examine the

"inventory" for this year..e.

ACCESSIONS (INCOMING PLANTS AND SEED) 3,069

PACKAGES OF SEED PLANTED 878
CUTTINGS PLANTED 2,039
PLANTS TO PERMANENT FIELD LOCATIONS 6,039

NURSERY STOCK
1 GALLON CAN SIZE 6,691
5 GALLON CAN SIZE 146

The figure 3,069 is an increase over last year of 918 accessions..e. since
the inception of the Arboretum this Section has handled 20,942 accessions...
the accession number might well be called our International Plant Factor...,. a
Factor against which to measure our growth and recognition in the horticultural
world, as well as the type of horticultural service the County of Los Angeles
has been receiving for the past 10 years.... THIS SECTION DOES MORE.... Plants
are correctly identified by the taxonomist and are so labelled before they go
to the field..., AND MORE.... A weather station is maintained,

Our metal identification labels were illustrated and discussed last year
esee this year we have been experimenting with laminating a typed paper card
between two sheets of very thin plastic (Poly-Vynl-Chloride) and attaching them
to a Poly-Vynl-Chloride stanchion.... inserted in the ground next to the plant,
493 such new display labels now inform the lay public of a plant's common
name, scientific name, plant family and country of origin...., A FULL REPORT
WILL BE MADE AFTER A SECOND YEAR'S EXPEPRIMENTATION....

THE WEATHER REPORT STATION NO, 1037-E

HIGHEST TEMPERATURE JULY 3 109 deg. F
LOWEST TEMPERATURE MARCH 3 36 deg. F
TOTAL RAINFALL | 30.75 inches
TOTAL EVAPORATION 51.265 inches

me

Arboretum
Lrs.itors

THE ATTENDANCE RECORD this year has been gratifying. The total figure
has again doubled over that of the year previous, We are very pleased to
find that so many people have come to enjoy the growth of their Arboretum.

Each increase in attendance is a new challenge and responsibility for
the staff, The challenge leads us to expand our services in plant introduc-
tion, uses of plant materials, horticultural research and horticultural ed-

ucation, The responsibility demands that the quality of these services re-

THOUSANDS

main high,
MONTHLY ATTENDANCE TOTALS
50
aN
1957-58
40 O
Pee
30 O
aoa DEMONSTRATION HOME GARDEN
OPENED MAY 24 .
20
1956 ~57
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10
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THE MONTHLY ATTENDANCE graph reveals that for every month of the year, total
attendance was greater than the same period the year before. One item which
contributed to the rapid rise in attendance in May and June may have been the
opening of the Demonstration Home Gardens. This same factor is expressed in

the May to June cumulative total attendance,

a CUMULATIVE MONTHLY ATTENDANCE TOTALS
200) 01957 -58
ag 210,000
150 6)
Ess
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5 -_ 1956-57
[=] 100) > a on
= S ff 193,700
b= yA e
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50 og oa
ae ss > a 1955-56
o _ ae” =”
ie cee 50,600
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School Children

By bus and auto caravan, children of school age visit the Arboretum, a-
gain and again. Brownies, Blue Birds, Boy and Girl Scouts, Campfire Girls
and similar organizations are consistent Arboretum patrons, in connection
with their troop nature study programs.

Out of the numerous letters of appreciation reaching the Arboretum, was
one from the San Gabriel Union School Home and School Association, in which
Mrs, Josephe E, Maschmeyer, program chairman, said, "There were many expres-—
sions of appreciation from the boys and girls, They now plan to revisit the
Arboretum with their parents. It was really interesting to see the skillful
way in which the facts of nature were made fascinating to the boys and girls.
They also enjoyed the historical aspects of the Arboretum property as pre-
sented by the guides on the jeep-train tour".

A typical child's letter read, "I want to thank you for the trip through
the home of Mr. "Lucky" Baldwin, I like the jungle, and I also liked the
barn, I had never before in my life seen a peacock. I also learned a lot of

things such as about the tree with thorns (in the Biblical Garden)",

The record of scheduled school trips revealed the following facts:

Number of Cities represented 40
Number of Different Classes 150
Number of Children 5,904

The grade level was primarily of the elementary and junior high school.

one

hot the Adult

THE COURSES REPORTED BELOW ARE THE BASIS OF THE ADULT EDUCATION PRO-
GRAM, OUR DESIRE IS TO DEVELOP A PROGRAM IN WHICH ANY INDIVIDUAL, BY AT-
TENDING CLASSES FOR ONE OR TWO YEARS, WILL BE ABLE TO COMPLETE A "CURRIC-
ULUM" IN HORTICULTURE OF WIDE SCOPE. SUCH A PROGRAM WILL OFFER THE BASIC
KNOWLEDGE IN THE FUNDAMENTALS OF HORTICULTURE ADAPTED TO THE USE OF THE
HOME—OWNER GARDENER,

ADVANCED COURSES OF THOSE SUBJECTS IN GREATEST DEMAND WILL BE ADDED.
ADDITIONAL "BASIC" SUBJECTS WILL BE INCLUDED AS INSTRUCTORS AND TEACH—
ING FACILITIES BECOME AVAILABLE,

SUMMER 1957 - JULY & AUGUST No, Registered Duration of Course

Plant Identification fia 2 hrs/wk for 8&8 wks

FALL 1957 — SEPT. TO JAN.

Tree Identification 20 1 hr/wk for 10 wks
Home Landscaping 25 3 hrs/wk for 17 wks
Beginning Plant Identification 31 2 hrs/wk for 10 wks
Advanced Plant Identification 20 2 brs/wk for 10 wks
Practical Orchid Culture vag 2 hrs/wk for 10 wks
Botanical Sketching 16 2 hrs/wk for 9 wks
Herb Lectures 30 13 hrs/wk for 6 wks

SPRING 1958 — FEB. TO APRIL
Advanced Home Landscaping hrs/wk for 8 wks
Intro. to Home Landscaping
Beginning Plant Identification
Beginning Botanical Sketching
Advanced Botanical Sketching
Practical Orchid Culture

hrs/wk for 9 wks
hrs/wk for 9 wks

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SPRING 1958 = APRIL TO JUNE

Advanced Home Landscapirg 20 3 hrs/wk for 9 wks
Intro. to Home Landscaping 39 2 hrs/wk for 8 wks
Tree Identification 10 1 hr /wk for 8 wks
Advanced Plant Identification 24 2 hrs/wk for 10 wks
Beginning Botanical Sketching 8 2 hrs/wk for 8 wks
Advanced Botanical Sketching 6 2 hrs/wk for 8 wks
Practical Orchid Culture 46 2 hrs/wk for 8 wks
Herb Lectures 25 13 hrs/wk for 6 wks

TOTAL REGISTRATION 55h.
: : | 33

HOME LANDSCAPE DESIGN

COURSE OUTLINE AND CLASS DATES

September 15:

September 22:

September 29:

October see
(Saturday)

October a3:
October 20:
October 27:

November 8:
(Saturday)

November 10:

Introduction To Course

Landscape Problems: land problems,
structural problems, people
problems

Garden Foundations: grading, drainage,
soil conditioning, utilities,
irrigation system

Garden Surfacing: hard paving, soft
paving, changes in level

Garden Lighting Demonstration

Field Trip

Garden Enclosure:
material, detai

Garden Shelter: weather control,
shelter details, trees, shelter
decisions

size, weic-ht,
Vs

Plants and Planting: plant science,
plant arrangement, plant selection,
unity and variety, maintenance

Garden Enrichment: plant element, other
natural materials, water, rock,
color, man-made elements

landscape Proceedure: the plan, construc-
tion and installation, management

Field Trip

Case Studies
Sources Of Landscaping Help

| Ket_the Children

THE INSTRUCTOR FOR CHILDREN MADE POSSIBLE THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM:
11 COURSES.... SERVING 170 CHILDREN.... WITH A TOTAL OF 700 HOURS

OF SFECIALIZED INSTRUCTION. ...e0ce

BRIEFLY, from Fall through Spring, the Courses were:

JUNIOR BIRD STUDY....e.eee0e. 2 sessions in the fall.

ARBORETUM EXPLORATION,..eeee. at Christmas on the why, what, how.

CONSERVATION, ..ccccccccccccee & SCience club on Saturday mornings.

WEA eoreeeeoeoeoeoevn eo eoeo7ee 88 0808808 rs classes on "nake a Ge yourself"
stations,

CONSERVATION ped pant for a general science class,

EXPLORING THE PLANT WORLD.... for the very young.

TUDY.cccccccccccccese & Study of the lagoon and its abound-

ing living things.

MAK ING LEAF COLLECTION NOTEBOOKS IS ONE OF THE PROJECTS IN THE CLASS
"EXPLORING NATURE”, MRS, GERTRUDE WOODS, ARBORETUM EDUCATION ASSISTANT,
WORKS WITH THE CHILDREN FROM THE SECOND THROUGH THE EIGHTH GRADE,

25

. 2
ets. ¢4% 4

*
5

ALONG THE SHORES OF A LAGOON, YOUNG BIOLOGISTS WITH THEIR

INSTRUCTOR, SEARCH FOR PLANT LIFE OF AN AQUATIC NATURE.
THE SUMMER PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN BEGAN IN MID JUNE AND TERMINATED THE SECOND
WEEK OF AUGUST. PRESENTING A COURSE TO INTRIGUE ORDINARILY BUSY CHILDREN
IS A TRICK, HERE WERE OUR ATTEMPTS:
TREE IDENTIFICATION..... 5th & 6th GRADES
PLANTS ARE ALIVE. ..ccce.
LIFE IN THE LAGOON,......

IN

ART @eeoonoena8

LASCA EXFLORERS...eeeeee FOR 7th. & 8th GRADES

ATTENDANCE RECORDES SHOWED THAT:

NUMBER REGISTERED......
Child—Hours of Instr....

36

134
909 hours

er
oa
oe

As an experiment, the Youth Education Program cooperated with one school
class in a "Day at the Arboretum". Before coming to the Arboretum, the class
discussed what an arboretum was and just what they might expect to learn from
a visit to one. In covering the various arboretum activities, the class ob—
served the performance of typical jobs in each different arboretum section--
weather, propagation, nursery, field section, ete. Im the picture above,
they are told and shown how plants are set out in permanent location in the

_ South African Section, by the Sosa Gardener in charge, Mr. Dan Cassidy.

A summary discussion of what was learned on the trip was conducted by
the class when they returned to school, A photographic lesson-note-book

was produced, the children preparing the text, the teacher the photographs.

Mr. Quirn buck, Arboretum Plant Propagator, and "friends" observe tem=
perature/humidity recorder for the man-made weather in the greenhouse,

38

Research,

AVOCADO TESTING

In cooperation with the Variety Committee of the California Avocado
Society, the Arboretum planted a collection of young trees to demonstrate
the different kinds of avocados suitable for home growers in the Los Ange-
les area.

The plantings will show home owners the form of the trees as well as
productivity and quality of the fruit. Close attention will be given to
how well they will grow, with particular reference to frost resistance,

Varieties included: Bacon, Emerald, Carlsbad, Rockwood, Zutano, Irv-
ing, Haas, Fuerte, Murrieta, Anaheim, MacArthur, Rincon, Nowels, Ryan,
Elsie, Bonita, Corona, Frey, Mesa and Dailey.

This collection of young trees was planted on the south side of Tallac
Bo

FLOWER CARPET RESEARCH

Living carpets of flowers in vivid colors, which could be snipped by
the yard, foot or in designs for floral decorative purposes, are a most
likely southern California growing project.

This novel idea was originated by Dr. Frits. W. Went, of the California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, With a grant of $18,000 from Longwood
Gardens, Kennett Square, Pa., and the Longwood Foundation, Wilmington, Del.,
the research was started in January, 1957. Both Dr. Went and Dr. Stewart
have been supervising the work,

The first phase of the work was carried out by Mr. Francis Ching. Af-
ter trying sponge rubber, burlap, cloth and peat moss, Mr. Ching determined
that an inch thick flexible plastic foam, ‘urethane! was the most suitable
for growing plants on a carpeting material.

n starting a flower carpet, the plastic is first cut to the desired
size and shape and then placed on an inert sub-medium consisting of fine
gravel and vermiculite. Seeding is done directly on the surface of the ure~
thane foam and upon germination the roots penetrate through the pores of the
plastic. During this period, the material is kept moist through applications
of water. After the first leaves appear, the plants are fed by a specially
formulated liquid nutrient at regular intervals, Thus, it can be seen that
the method by which these carpets are grown is essentially one of modified
hydroponics,

More recently, Mr. Ronald Cross, continuing the research, has been
using dwarf annual flowering California desert plants, These plants flower
when only an inch or two in height. Possibilities are being studied for
using wildflowers of Western Australia and South Africa for carpets. In
addition to nutrient feeding techniques and selection of suitable plant ma-
terial, Mr. Cross has been investigating the use of root spray feeding, the
effect of photoperiod on flowering time and the effect of temperature on :
germination.

Ae

eran Bea OF FLOWER CARPET PROJECT IN GREENHOUSE, BENCHES
IN F D CONTAIN NEWLY SEEDED AND GERMINATING CARPETS,
BACKGROUND BENCHES ARE CARFETS IN MORE ADVANCED STAGES,

FOUR SMALL CARFETS WITH FOUR DIFFERENT TREATMENTS, URETHANE
PLASTIC AS BASE IN WHICH PLANTS ARE GROWING LAY ON A MIXTURE
OF VERMICULITE AND GRAVEL.

42

AN AIR POLLUTION TEST PROJECT

Starting with 100 white leghorn chicks, a new air pollution test got
underway, sponsored by the State of California Department of Public Health,
The Arboretum was one site and a parallel testwith genetically similar chicks
was established on the same day in a less smog afflicted city some miles east
of the Arboretum, This test on l-day old chicks, for a period of 12 weeks,
was a pilot project to point the direction of further smog research,

roject was under the supervision of Dr. Earl J, Catcott, Los An-
geles office of the State Health Department. Dr. Wm. D. Urban made the ob-=
servations of effects on the chicks.

Scientists will study the differences in the health of the birds in the
two test locations. Respiratory diseases are a major cause of death in chick-
ens.

GIBBERELLIC ACID

Clonal varieties of Paphiopedilum Maudiae 'magnificum' (lady slipper or-
chids) were treated with gibberellic acid, a plant growth regulator hormone,
Applications were made to the apex of each plant growth. Im some cases, a
second flower was produced from a ‘leaf bract' which normally produces no flow-=
er. Accompanying this response, internodes of the plant elongated. No com-
mercial benefit could be ascribed to the use of gibberellic on orchids at this
time; however additional experiments with cyprepediums and cymbidiums are be-
ing conducted.

A second experiment was conducted using gibberellic acid as a seed treate
ment. At a concentration of 250 ppm (parts per million) G.A., an increase in
the amount of germination of certain California wildflower seeds was observed.
It also was observed that this treatment was more effective on older seeds than
on the younger or fresher seeds of the same species. Work continues on these
experiments.

oth of these experiments were reported at the American Institute of
Biological Science Meetings, August 25-29, 1957, Stanford University.

GROWTH REGULATORS IN ORANGES

A study of growth regulators in Washington navel oranges was carried out
during the spring of 1958. Mr. Coenraad Beyers, a visiting scientist from the
Transvaal , Africa conducted this work jointly at the Biology Department, Cal-
ifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena and at the Arboretum.

On the basis of methanol extractions of developing ovaries and peduncle
tissue, growth stimulating compounds (indoleacetic acid and indoleacetonitrile)

eS as well as a growth inhibiting substance were found,

Be

FIRE RESISTANT PLANT MATERIAL

The study continues for additional fire resistant and drouth resistant
plants for re-forestration of the southern California mountain slopes.

To facilitate this work, a new muffle furnace was obtained for the leaf
burning screening tests (reported 1956-57). More accurate data are now ob~
tained through the heat control device incorporated in the furnace.

Methods of germinating seed of fire resistant plants using gibberellic
acid were initiated to develop more rapid and efficient germination of field
sown seed, This will be of much value, where germination depends entirely on
winter rains.

Wax milk cartons, containing a small amount of soil and Cistus seedlings
were placed in the greenhouse to: 1) determine the break-down pattern of the
cartons and 2) growth rate and survival of the Cistus seedlings. If suc-
cessful, this method will provide an inexpensive and light weight container
for mass field plantings of Cistus,.

A portable fire tunnel came under construction for use in field testing
mass plantings of native and exotic vegetation, A flame will be started at
the fan end of the tunnel and the time recorded for the flame to reach the
opposite end, 16 feet away. Burning patterns and extent of burning of the
plants will also be observed. The results from these tests will throw light
on how stands of pure and mixed species might best be grouped to give the
maximum fire protection throughout the year.

THE FIRST PORTABLE FIRE TUNNEL SET TO SIMULATE A FIELD

TEST. THE FAN IS IN FOSITION aT ONE EXD OF THE TUN
NEL, A FRAME OF ALUMINUM TUBING SUPFORTS ROOF AND SIDES
OF CORRIGATED ALUMINUM SHEETS.

NG

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Ze

si ig DAC, e
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‘ Cael
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Califoruna

Arboretum
Koundation

Eric.

A_NEW MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Former member of the Los Angeles Board of Supervisors, Mr. Roger W,
Jessup was appointed as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Califor-
nia Arboretum Foundation, Inc. Mr. Jessup is a member of the Board of
Governors of the Los Angeles County Museum and an active member of the Los
Angeles Men's Garden Club,

DR. STEWART, ARBORETUM DIRECTOR,
CONGRATULATES MR, JESSUP ON HIS
APPOINTMENT TO THE BOARD OF
TRUSTEES OF THE CALIFORNIA
ARBORETUM FOUNDATION, INC. THE
BUILDING IN THE BACKGROUND .IS
THE CARRIAGE HOUSE.

FIRST FROGRESS REFORT -— REID ADOBE ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES

A first progress report was completed this year on the archaeological
studies connected with the Hugo Reid Adobe, The work began a year ago, 1956,
the report was prepared by Dr. William J. Wallace, Associate Professor of
Anthropology at the University of Southern California, Roger J. Desautels
and George Kritzman, both graduate students in anthropology at U.S.C,

The report stated: "There is great need for archival and library re-
search on the history of the Reid Adobe and Rancho Santa Anita, as any mean-
ingful discussion of the archaeological findings is dependent upon a thorough
knowledge of all documentary sources", It was concluded however, that the —

_ Reid Adobe, in its original state had been a simple, solidly built, rectang-
ular structure, more or less identical to the surviving adobe house, built in
s. 1839 by Hugo Reid.

2 | The trowel and brush arch ological "dig" methods used by Dr. Wallece and
_ his staff were the same as those devised for extracting knowledge of man's past

Al

from any prehistoric habitation or settlement. A wide array of artifacts
were found, such as relics from an old Indian village on the site, to po-
ker chips, believed to date from the "Lucky" Baldwin era at Rancho Santa
Anita,

The restoration of the Hugo Reid is being carried out in cooperation

with California State Division of Beaches and Parks and the Historical Com-
mittee of the California Arboretum Foundation, Inc.

"LUCKY" BALDWIN CARRIAGE HOUSE RESTORATION

A second project in restoration is that of the Carriage House, ee
by "Lucky" Baldwin in 1879, The California State Division of Architectur
was in charge of the work, a grant of money having been supplied by the
State Division of Beaches and Parks. The Historical Committee of the Cali-
fornia Arboretum Foundation, Inc., was also a cooperating consultant on
this project. The building was re-opened to the public in April.

The interior of the coach barn looks as it did during the roaring oe
with handsome walls, paneled with matched three-inch strips of redwood an
white pine. Horse stalls which housed some of the finest animals in Bye
ern California, are embellished with fancy wrought iron designs, One of
Baldwin's tally-ho tvpe stage coaches again will be places on public display.
Other items will include a fene used by Baldwin and an old fire fighting cart,

ET
Bek hale es Be

BENEATH A CANOPY OF TALL TREES, "LUCKY'S" CARRIAGE HOUSE,
PAINTED SKOW WHITE AND TRIMMED IN VERMILLION, ONCE AGAIN’
RECALLS THE DAYS OF A REALLY PROSPEROUS LAND OWNER,

48

MR, ROBERT CASAMAJOR ELECTED AS PRESIDENT OF FOUNDATION

assume his duties as of July 1 1958, Mr. Robert Casamajor was
Bineeda to succeed Dr. Frits Went as President of the California Arbore-
tum Foundation, Ine. This position involves two obligations: President

de
of both the Arboretum's Board of Governors (Los Angeles County) and Board
of Trustees (Arboretum Foundation).
t

He has been the editor of the anit
Society News for eleven years; a past President of the Pasadena Flower

show Association; and past President of the Southern California Horti-
cultural Institute.

&

}
4
t
k
i

|. DR, FRITS WENT, LEFT, PASSES THE GAVEL OF meee -- DUAL PRESIDENT OF
_ BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND BOARD OF GOVERKORS -- TO MR. ROBERT CASAMAJOR,

49

This handsome por-
trait of Baldwin's fav-
orite wife was given
to the Foundation by
the Baldwin family.

The portrait measures
5 by 7 feet, is an oil
and is on display on
the west wall of the
parlor of the famous
restored ee Anne
Cottage"

Jennie Dexter

Baldwin died before

the completion of the
"Queen Anne Cottage",
which was being con-
structed by her hus-
band for her to pre=
side over his lavish
entertainment of guests,

RARE BOOK VOLUMES GIFTS FROM THE ARBORETUM FOUNDATION

Three separate gifts of books were received for the Library through the
California Arboretum Foundation, Incorporated,

The first of these was a rare 5 volume edition of Linnasus's, System of
Nature.

A set of 22 volumes from the wrks of de Candolle, Prodroms Systematis
Naturalis RKegni Vegetabilis, was a second gift,

The last gift established a memorial collection for Robert Castelan,
Robert was a member of the Children's Theater of the Arboretum Foundation, and
los his life as a result of a fall while hiking in the nearby Sierra Madre moun-
tains, The gift consisted of five volumes of "The Community of Living Things"

50

ARBORETUM FOUNDATION PUBLISHES PETER RIEDEL HORTICULTURAL NOTES

With funds provided by the Harvey Foundation of Santa Barbara, the Cal-
ifornia Arboretum Foundation has just completed a limited publication of the
lifetime horticultural observations of the late Peter Riedel, of Santa Bar-
bara, who died in 1954.

"Plants for Extra-Tropical Regions" is the title of the compilation of
notes begun in 1942.’

Riedel, born in 1873 in Holland, emigrated to the United States in 1893.
Death came to him just before he had reached the letter "S® in his manuscript.
The remaining notes, some still filed in a shoebox, were turned over to Dr, Ri-
chard M, Straw, Acting Plant Taxonomist at the Arboretum, who completed the
book,

In the Introduction by Dr. Straw, it is pointed out that the present pub-
lication is still in a preliminary form and should receive further study.

Only 100 copies of the 763 page Riedel book were printed, and they are

now being distributed throughout the world to a select list of libraries of
universities, botanic gardens and arboreta,.

SAN GABRIEL VALLEY LAPIDARY SOCIETY

Petrified wood specimens, gathered from nine western states and believed
to date back prior to the ice age, were displayed in the pavilion of the Ar-
boretun,.

all, there are 36 specimens donated by the members of the Society.
Types of petrified plant material represented include: palm root, walnut,
pine, stalk or leaves of a lily plant, algae, ironwood and thornwood.

This gift to the Foundation will be a part of the permanent display ma-
terials for the Arboretun,

ARBORETUM BIRD LIFE

Seven snowy white oa and a South American military macaw were given
to the Arboretum Foundatio

The peafowl consisted of three cocks and four hens, They add quite a
contrast to our large colony of the multi-colored peafowl, left from the days
of Baldwin's ownership.

"Cheeko", the blue and yellow macaw, lives in a cage near the entrance
gate. When he is in the mood, he is quite talkative but more often, he will

| __ entertain the children by barking like a dog.

aL

CHILDREN'S THEATRE

In its second year, the Children's Theatre, a group of young folk, spon-
sored by the Activities Section of the Arboretum Historical Committee, had
reached a capacity membership of 90.

Projects by the children embrace original production in the fields of
art, music, dance and drama, A part of the theme of these works include the
life and times of early California in the San Gabriel Valley, and specifi-
cally in the Arboretum area,

A monthly paper appropriately titled, "Peacock Post", is managed and pub-
lished entirely by the children.

During the year, the major efforts in preparing and presenting public at-
tended projects were:

July -- An Informal Outdoor Program of Music, Art, and Dance.
Dec. —- A play, "Treasures of Old California".
Dec. -— "Las Posadas", which has become a yearly event.

Apr. -- "The Secret of Ko-Rogi", a Japanese inspired original play.

THE JEEP TRAINS

For the convience of all, the Foundation continues to sponsor "Jeep Train"
transportation around the grounds. There is no fee for the ride, covering some
120 acres of plant and historical displays. Maintenance is partially covered
by voluntary contribution of the riders.

THE MEMBERS OF THE LOS ANGELES COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
POSED FOR THEIR PICTURE ON THE FORCH OF THE "QUEEN ANNE
COTTAGE”, LEFT TO RIGHT: BURTON W. CHASE, THE LATE HERBERT
C. LEGG, J. ANSON FORD, KENNETH HAHN AND WARREN M, DORN.

THE CALIFORNIA STATE Park commission, the Los Angeles County Board of Su-
pervisors and the Board of Governors of the County Department of Arboreta and
Botanic Gardens held their first joint session at the Arboretum on July 26, 1957.

Following an outdoor luncheon, the official party was escorted through the
historic Hugo Reid Adobe, built originally in 1839, and now being restored with
State funds. The restoration will also include the landscaping and plant life
of the 1840 period in a five acre area surrounding the adobe,

z The two buildings of the Baldwin era were also visited; the "Queen Anne
Cottage", E, J, "Lucky" Baldwin's home restored by the Historical Committee of
the Arboretum Foundation, and "Lucky's" Carriage House. The restoration of

_ this buildirg is being accomplished through State funds,

_-~——s«ON MARCH 7TH, THE ARBORETUM HELD its Arbor Day Program, honoring the birth-
Be day of luther Burbank,

oe Two hundred members of the Arcadia Council of Camp Fire Girls in cere-

_ monial robes conducted the third annual Arbor Day Program. Representative of
_ 14 other national youth groups of the San Gabriel Valley area were invited to
oi tend and participate in he program.

A triad of f trees, Koelreuteria bi SEIEES symbolical of the three-point

Camp Fire program were planted by the girls. The money to purchase the
trees was earned and collected by the Camp Fire Girls. Trees for plant-e
ing at their respective unit headquarters were given to each of the other
participating youth organizations.

Total attendance, which included parents, friends and the general public
was estimated to be 500.

WITHIN A HUGE CIRCLE, THE THIRD ANNUAL ARBOR DaY FROGRAM WAS CALLED INTO
ACTION BY THE SENIOR MEMBERS OF THE CAMP FIRE GIRLS OF THE SAN GABRIEL
VALLEY COUNCIL.

\

FINANCIAL REFORT 1957 = 1958

Salaries and Wages
Maintenance & Operation
Capital Outlay

TOTAL

Appropriation
$288,258.00

Account
Mechanical Service
Stores Service
All Other Service

_ Appropriation

$14,957

TOTALS
Appropriation Expenditure
$288,258 $289,796.90
oti [hsb 38,347.83
14,957 15,061.82
$340.970 $343,206.55

Salaries and Wages

Expenditure
$289,796.90

Maintenance and Operation

Appropriation Expenditure
22,180.00 22,708.69
10, 625,00 6,621.70

$37,755.00 $38,347.83

Capital Outlay

Expenditure
$15 061.82

Balance
$-1, 538, 90
~104.682

$—2 236.55

Balance
pl, 538 a 90

Balance
$-L, C6742
~528.69
4,403.30

¢= 596.53

Balance
Ge 104.82

An annual report can only highlight a
year's work, The compilation of even
this smal] portion is the result of

many helping hands. A sincere tharks
is extended to al] the staff for their

part in the preparation of this report.

ILLUSTRATION CREDIT

CONNIE AMSDEN Page 3°

WILLIAM APLINE Paze 8

MARGURITE BUTTNER Page 45

RON CROSS & FRANCIS CHING Fage 42

DENIS KUCERA Pages 6,9,10,11,12,
13,14,18,19,20,
21,23,24,25,35,

36,97: A217 Ae.

Front & Back Cover
A. ELLIS SMITH Pages 50,55

GERRY V. PATTEN Graphs, Section Captions, Photo-retouching

EDITOR: Louis B, Martin

IN A CLEARING LIKE THE ONE ABOVE, CHILDREN
LEARN ABOUT THE WONDERS OF NATURE, AS THE
COMING GENERATION, THEY WILL USE, UNDER-
STAND AND ENJOY NATURE THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFE
TIME. WHEN IS A BETTER TIME TO CAPTURE THE
ENERGY AND NATURAL CURIOSITY OF A CHILD, IN
HOFES THAT HE OR SHE MIGHT GO ON TO BECOME

A BOTANIST, BIOLOGIST OR A HORTICULTURIST!

Missouri pokeotenl Garden Li

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