Missouri Botanical Garden PETER H. RAVEN LIBRARY Pagination Note: Since many of the items lack a specific page number, the page number displayed online refers to the sequentially created number each item was given upon cataloging the materials. 01 234 5 6789 10 Missouri Botanical copyright reserved garden cm SHUMARD— NEW PALAEOZOIC FOSSILS. 113 Uir 4 El^acrinus Kirkwoodensis, n. sp. Body very small, subglobose, a little longer than wide, flat- tened above and below. Basal pieces very gently concave, with their edges on a level with the plane of the under side. Radial pieces (fork pieces) reaching to the base and occupy- ing more than four fifths the entire length of the body, narrow below and widest in the middle, sides gently arched. Interra- dial pieces subdeltoid, very prominent towards the apex, much longer than wide, obtusely angulated below, acutely angulated above, and notched on either side a short distance below the summit. Pseudo-ambul acral areas extending from base to summit, narrow, deeply impressed; sides nearly parallel; pore pieces amounting to about fifty in each field. A longitudinal fissure or slit extends from the central summit opening down- wards, separating the pore pieces of one side from' their fel- lows of the opposite for the distance of -about one fifth the length of the field, thence their inner edges are united in the median line rto the base. Pseudo-ambulaeral spaces lanceo- late^ sloping gently from their edges to the sutures. Ovarial apertures eight, very minute, situated at the notches of the interradial plates. Anal opening large, circular or very slight- ly elliptical. The surface markings are not plainly exhibited in any of the specimens I have collected of this species. On several of them I observe, more or less distinctly, irregular coarse rugae or pittings, which, however, may be due to weath- Dimensions. — Length, 0.20 of an inch; width, 0.18. The JElceacrinus Kirhwoodensis is nearly allied to JE, {Pentremitez) melo , from which it is distinguished by its much smaller size and less deeply excavated base. It also occupies a higher geological position. Occurs in the St. Louis Limestone (Carboniferous) on the Pacific railroad near Kirkwood, St. Louis county, Missouri. M cm 2 3 4 5 6 7 114 TRANS. OF THE ACAD. OF SCIENCE. Topaz in Utah . By Henry Engelmann. During my explorations in Utah as Geologist of the Expe- dition under Capt. J. H. Simpson, Top. Eng’rs. U. S. A., in 1858 and 1859, 1 observed some remarkably beautiful crys- tals of Topaz among some detritus of trachytic porphyry. They were perfectly colorless, transparent, sharply devel- oped, and of great lustre. They were all short columnar. The largest of them measured scarcely one third of an inch in the direction of the basal cleavage, which was highly per- fect. I observed ten modifications: all crystals exhibited (according to Prof. Rose’s designation) oo c : b : a , ooc : b : 2 a , c : oo b : : oo a 1 , 4 c : b : ooa , 2 c : b : a ; most of them also 2 c : b : oo a , c : b : a ; a few only 2 c : oob : a , and 4 (?) c : b : a . As in none of the crystals were both ends developed, I could not ascertain whether they were hemihedral, as is most common with topaz. The hardness of the mineral is =tb It is infusible before the blowpipe; and when strongly heated is coated with small blisters, but does not show any change of color. It exhibits the reactions of fluorine, alumina, and silex. No tests were made for other elements, nor were the crystals examined in regard to pyro-electricity and polariza- tion of light. They exhibit double refraction quite plainly. The locality of the mineral is near lat. 89° 40', long. 113° 30' west of Greenwich, west of south of Salt Lake, in Thom- as’ range of mountains, on Capt. Simpson’s return trail. Cir- cumstances prevented me from obtaining more than a few crystals, which are now deposited in the collection of the Smithsonian Institute; a few others are also in the hands of' members of the party. We were travelling at the time by forced night marches with nearly worn out animals, seeking to gain a spring of water in a distant range of mountains. This desert was then entirely, unexplored. I have but little doubt that more interesting materials are to be found at the same point. The mountains of the former Territory of Utah promise a rich yield to the mineralogist. We know already of gold and silver ores in the east, west and south part of that district ; of copper and lead ores in the south, and I have discovered the latter also in the centre of it; of specular iron ores and native sulphur in the Rocky Mountains and near Little Salt Lake ; of rock salt in the mountains south-east of Utah Lake; of native alum near Salt Lake; of various other salts in the deserts ; and of silicates, composing the granites, porphyries, diorites, trachytes, and lavas, nearly over the whole area. Missouri Botmucal GECRGE ‘ENGELMANN PAPERS BOTAN ICAL cm copyright reserved Garde Missouri Botan ical G A R D E N cm 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 copyright reserved 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 cm copyright reserved Missouri Botan ical G A R D E N cm Botanical cm copyright reserved garden Missouri Botanical Garden < >rr A c; tssfiELMAiLU. PABEBS 1 23456789 10 Missouri • . . • Botanical copyright reserved garden BOTAN ICAL copyright reserved Miesoum Botawcac GEORGE ENGELMANH Papers copyright reserved Missouri Botanical G a R D E N JSU. */ /icvt vdf Missouri e ot - mf r " i Gardefi George Engelmann Papers II _J m ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 :m copyright reserved Missouri Botanical G A R D E N Missouri GEORGE ' ERGEUAAtiU PAPERS- cm 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 copyright reserved JOURNAL 0# PROCEEDINGS. 163 so much interest among scientific men.* And such was his energy that, almost unaided, he gathered in a few weeks the extensive collection of fossil bones which furnished to Dr. Leidy the materials for his splendid memoir on the “ Extinct Fossil Fauna of Nebraska.” At the same time he collected a large and elegant series of Cretaceous fossils, some of which were described and figured by Dr. Owen in his final report on the Geology of Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota. The notes made by Dr. Evans on the geological features of that remarkable region were likewise of the highest interest, and from these Dr. Owen has compiled one of the most instructive and beautiful chapters to be found in his valuable report. In addition to his scientific duties, Dr. Evans bad almost exclu- sive control of the business department of Dr. Owen’s survey, which of itself involved an immense deal of labor. The satisfactory manner in which he discharged these onerous duties, often in the midst of dis- heartening privations and even danger, commanded the highest esteem and confidence of Dr. Owen and his associates, while his goodness of heart, uniform courtesy, and self-sacrificing disposition, secured to him their warmest friendship. After the completion of the field work of the North-west Survey, (1850,) Dr. Evans received the appointment of U. S. Geologist for Oregon, which he accepted, and immediately entered upon the duties of his new office with his usual energy and zeal. The survey was organized by the appointment of Dr. B. F. Shumard to the position of Principal Assistant, who shortly after embarked for Oregon, by way of the Isthmus of Panama. Dr. Evans determined to revisit Nebraska, and thence pro- ceed overland to Oregon by an unexplored route, with the view of deter- mining the general geological and topographical features of a vast region, then almost unknown to science, and of ascertaining if there existed a nearer way from the Upper Missouri to the Oregon coast' than that usually travelled. He proceeded to St. Louis, and there spent a few days in making preparations for his journey. He then took passage for Fort Pierre Chouteau, on board a steamer belonging to the American Fur Company. During this passage, which occupied nearly a month, cholera to an alarming ex.te.nt prevailed among the passeng-ers and em- ployees of the Fur Company on board, several of whom died, and the mortality would have been far greater but for the kind attention of. Dr. Evans, who, though himself laboring under an exhausting diarrhoea, allowed himself no rest, but in the triple capacity of physician, nurse and companion, was ever at the bed-side of the sick, administering to their wants, and encouraging them by his cheering words. From Fort Pierre, Dr. Evans again visited the Mauvaises Terres, where in a short time he succeeded in obtaining a- large collection of the fossil fauna of that region, even more extensive than his former one, and embracing a considerable number of new and interesting species. On his return to the Fort he set about preparing for his long journey, which from the hostility of the Blackfeet and ottfer Indian tribes, to- gether with the difficulties incident to the route, was regarded by the Indian traders as extremely hazardous ; hence it was exceedingly diffi- cult to find either guides or hunters willing to accompany him. After much persuasion, however, he succeeded in procuring the services of two hunters and a half-breed guide, they agreeing to go with him as far as the Flathead Village. With this meagre escort he started from Fort Pierre, but scarcely had he reached the borders of the Blackfeet country ere his hunters became alarmed, and unceremoniously left his camp during the night and returned to the Fort. Under these discouraging circumstances a person less courageous than Dr. Evans would have turned back ; but difficulties served only to develope the indomitable * To Dr. Hiram A. Prout is justly due the credit of having first called attention to the existence of such remains in that region by his excellent memoirs of Palseotheroid and other bones, published in Silliman’s Journal. > Botanical cm copyright reserved garden energy of his character, and with but a single man as his escort, and no other guide than his compass, he determined to continue on his course. After a wearisome travel of many days, and having encountered many privations and dangers, he and his companion, Cadotte, arrived safely, but in almost a starving condition, at the Flathead Village, situate on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains. In accomplishing this part of his arduous task, Dr. Evans passed directly through the heart of the Blackfeet country, and travelled a distance of more than two hundred miles in the main chain of the Rocky Mountains before he succeeded in finding a passage to the valley beyond. It is much to be regretted that the credit of the discovery of this important pass, which unquestionably belongs to the subject of the present sketch, has been unjustly transferred to another. It should have been named in honor of Dr. Evans instead of Cadotte, since it is well known that the latter person had no knowl- edge of such a passage, and, in fact, had not even been in that region before he went there under the guidance of Dr. Evans. After a few days 5 rest at the Flathead Village our traveller resumed his journey, and without encountering further difficulties, reached Oregon city with much valuable information concerning the extensive 1 district of country through which he had passed. In the prosecution of the geological survey of Oregon and Washington, Dr. Evans was actively engaged for nearly five years, during, which period his travels extended over , a large portion of those Territories. The results of his important labors, embracing a large amount of infor- mation relating to the geology, topography, geography and natural his- tory of that interesting portion 6f the American continent, are embodied in his large report submitted to, and ordered to be printed by. Congress at its last session. It was placed in the hands' of the Public Printer only a few days previous to the death of its lamented author, and it is a matter of deep regret, that, owing to some informality, its publication must be delayed to await the further action of Congress. It is earnestly hoped that Congress will, at an early period, make the necessary pro- vision for the printing of this important document, th'e preparation of which has cost such a large expenditure of labor and money, and which prom- ises to be of the highest value to science and the people for whose benefit the survey was ordered. September 2, 1861, The President, Dr. Engelmann,- in the chair. Seven members present. The following donation to the library was received : Bull, de la Soc. Imper. zool. d’Acclimatation, Paris, No. 7, Juillet, 1861, from the Society. Mr. Holmes presented from Dr. B. F. Shumard the follow- ing skulls from Texas : Felis partialis, Linn. (Tiger-cat), from Travis Co.; Felis onza , Linn. (Jaguar), from Hays Co., and JDicotyles torquatus (Peccary), from Travis Co. Dr. Engelmann made some remarks on the temperature and humidity of the past three summer months. June and August were by more than two degrees warmer than the averages for these months, while July w~as cooler. The quan- tity of rain for each of these months was below the average Missouri Botanicm Carden George Emg^marr Parers. i-; gsz. wl CLtn) /??. m »» Ws ls|| - cA 1 S3 2 * * SI • 'Xf< 12 fi If r 1 §3 . ill' fel} n M n 1 1 ii 111 I'jf-i 2 23 SI 31 v - ? 1 -1 nil l\\ M i! ; *•” 4 f ill 2 -» 13 is is / - /J l m i [ 1 S3 1 M§3 I ISB" \m ! Ill ! m '111: f fi > 61.6 . > ...... 60.9 in SI 1 11 Siil ill ii? 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