Missouri Botanical Garden PETER H. RAVEN LIBRARY Pagination Note: Since many of the items lack a specific page number, the page number dispiayed oniine refers to the sequentiaily created number each item was given upon cataloging the materials. i I i- F : 'j- ;:'V ^ ^ ' ’ ' .. ' ’■ . M!s$otm! DoIw^cal' Gardepp . GEott'‘3iE~l£N^3ELMA'Ni^ PAPERS * , t' \ I ^ ^ / 5 V- ^ o-=^ M P y qJ^ /<^.-c^^ Or^Ptr^ <^C- o/ /txXAXi^ Ua. (HAyO-'^y^^^ A/^ J 2232 /4 ; ^ i+wV ■v(-«V.--j^ ^ f---:.'/‘ - ■, ' ■-:„ ■■■ ^\ , ^ *■ '■ -■ ■■'-^■-- flt-^ ■ ^ ' ’ ' ' '■ .-(i^\ '-. y- $a3dVd NNVW139N3> ;49a039 ■-'■/*'" '/ '» -isaava -itfoihj>/ioa lanossiw' / - '■ /u-'- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missouri , , , Botanical cm copyright reserved garden Missouri Botanical Gardek George Engelmann Papers Tl i □ □ U m □□ [Zj mtm 0 1 13 A \ 5 C ) 7 ' i } £ ) 10 Missouri Botanical Garden cm copyright reserved Sofen fif 0iibtt)e|IKd)e gcfe Bon SSroabwa^ mtb SWorgan ©trafc. 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ENGEtt.^> ff,^ROEll papers ■r"T I ] ^ LJ m 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missou. cm copyright reserved g°a r^dV N* J5\ Wisv GEOR<^ US ’- pfvPEBi 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missouri , . , Botanical cm copyright reserved garden y'c/f <=’ 2 ^ y /t. yyj^ I £> 5 ^^ ^ y /' /O' ^-O"^ z'^^” ' r«sz^ ‘7- jii ^,^5^ oS-r 9 *> 43 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 cm copyright reserved - Annual Report, made to the Academy of Sciences of St. Louis, on the 10th January, 1859, By A. WISI.IZENUS, Vice President. la the absence of our President, Dr B. F. Shu- MARw, who, having- been appointed State Geolo- gist of Texas, has found there a more extensive field for his scientific acquirements, the duty has devolved upon me of laying before the Academy an abstract of our progress during the last year. I am happy to state that our young Institution has given also, in the past year, such proofs of its activity, that its future permanency may be safely relied upon. Our meetings have been reg- ularly attended, and were enlivened by scientific discussions, and by verbal and written communi cations on a great variety of subjects; donations to our Museum and JL.ibrary have been most liber- ally forwarded frorrt, friends far and near; and the second rj umber of our Transatt’ons,'' pub- lished during the last year, has been received with great favor, if not partiality, by the scientific world, both at home and abroad. The distribution o&ur pubiicaiions in foreign countries, has been chiefly effected through the agancy of the Smithsonian Institution, and in this way we have been put in compiunication with numerous Institutions of similar tendency in the cultivated world, who kindly appreciate the first fruits of our industry and in exchange return us most valuable books and whole sets of scientific jourrials. The number of societies with which we are at present connected, is one hundred and eighty -one, to wit: Forty- nine within the United States, Canada, Mexico, Cuba and Cbili ; 5 in Asia ; 2 in Australia; 1, in Africa; 134 in Europe — 1 Ire- land, 1 Danmark, 2 Norway, 4 Sweden, 1 Spain, 1 Portugal, G Switzerland, 6 Balgium, 7 Holland, 8 Russia, 12 Italy, 22 France, 24 Great Britain, 39 Germany. It is certainly very desirable to keep up this intercourse with our newly acquired scientific friends, and the yearly publication on our part of a volume, large or small as our means allow, seems to be the most appropriate mode of doing it. The acquisitions that our library has made during the past year, are quite considerable. Most of them we owe to the liberal system of exchange from older societies, but a great many also to private donation. The public documents, too, of the last Congress, presented to us by the Hon. Trusten Polk and the Hon. Frank P. Blair, afford an unusual interest on account of the nu- merous Pacific Railroad Explorations, with con- tributions from a host of scientific men. The additions made to the Museum emanate nearly all from the liberality of gentlemen, who justly think that objects of that class are made more useful under the control of a society that Classifies and arranges them, than in privaie hands. I will mention some of them under their different departments : Ethnology .—ThQ Rev. C. H. A. Dall, of Cal- cutta, India, presented us with an interesting collection of East Indian figures, exhibiting the characteristics of that Eastern people. Comparative Anatomy —Brs, Pope and Hil- lard made some valuable additions to this class. Mammalogy, — Col. A J. Vaughn has enriched this department with a handsome specimen of the grizzly bear, Ormithology has received additions from Capt. John Pope, (collected by him on the 32d paral- lel) and by E. Weyden, Esq. Herpetology and Ichthyology. ^Specimens of Siren lacertina, caught after the great flood in the Amerift^r^ot^ann^werc donated by Dr. Sander and Mr."De CIsto'BeIE. Malacology —V rot. A. Winchell, of Michi- gan, increased this department by a collection of landshells. Botany.— Idv. Tii. C. Hilgard presented to the Academy a collection of the flora of this neigh- borhood; also a collection of lichens *and algae. Through the kindness of C. Witter, Esq,, we re- ceived from Germany a fine collection of artifi- cially made mushrooms. Rev. Mr. Dall and Dr. McPheeters also made some additions. Meteorology. — Drs. Engelmann and Wislize- Nus reported an abstract of their complete mete- orological observations for the last year. Mineralogy .—Ih\s department received many interesting specimens from Dr. Pope, Messrs. CozzENS, Harrison, De Baun. Jones & Col- man and Bender. The latter gentleman pre- sented also a set of mathematical figures for the illustration of crystalographjL Chas. P. Chou- teau, Esq , has enriched this department with an exquisite specimen of meteorite, from the neigh- borhood of Fort Pierre, weighing 35 pounds. PalcBontology and (jeoZopy.— Although we have acquired no collection ija this department, as in previous years, many valuable donations have nevertheless been made, by Messrs. J. Charless, E. Pratt, Drs. Pope, Kennard, Koch, and others. Dr. B. F. Shumaed, before his depart- ure, deposited with the Academy three hundred specimens of Tertiary fossils, fiom Austria; Tri- lobites from the. lower Silurian of Bohemia, and fossils from the Trias of the Alps. Through the favor of cur associate member, C. Witter, Esq., we received also in exchange from Hildburghau- S0D, Germany, a superb specimen of the celebra- ted cheirosaurus or cheiro^herium. which, when first discovered in 1833, by Mr. Sickler, in the New Red sandstone of that region, created a great sen- sation among geologists. The slab upon which three larger and three smaller tracks of that sin- gular quadruped are well preserved, measures nearly five feet in length, and a foot and a half in width, and would be an ornament to any collec- tion. In connection with this department, I have yet to mention the interesting discovery, within the past year, of the Permian System, in the Terri- tory of Kansas, and its probable extension over a great part of the West. The minutes of the Academy show us what part was taken by sever- al members of our Society in this discovery — In February of last year. Professor Swallow and Dr. Shumard i^>formed the Academy of the discovery of certain fossils made in Kan- sas by our corresponding member. Major E. Hawn, of the United States Survey, which led the first named gentleman to the opinion that the Permian system existed in that region. In March, Dr. Shumard informed the Academy that from a series of fossils cellected by his brother, Dr. George G. Shumard, in the Guadalupe Moun- tains, New Mexico, he had also discovered the Permian system in ^[^egion. Dr, J. G. Nor- wood, of Illinois, w^P^jJie Academy in April that he believed he had found che same system in the upper beds of the La Salle coal field, in Illi- nois. Prof. SwALLO^ and Dr. Shumard pre- pared soon afterwards a paper on the subject, which created at first some discussion among geologists, but the discovery of new and more characteristic fossils seems to ha^ e removed all doubts, and the existence of the Permian system in Kansas may be regarded as a fact. Near the same time, Mr. F. B. Meek and Dr. E. V. Hay- den, at Philadelphia and Albany, published also an account of this discovery, claiming the prior ity for themselves~a question which we are un- able to decide; nor do we consider it of great im- portance, since all tJf them, no doubt, deserve credit for their zeal in proving a new geological system in the West. I consider it needless to enumerate here all thQ scientific papers read before the Society during the last year, since nearly ali of them have been published in the second number of our transac- tions, and have thus becorqe public property. Upon the authority of Dr. J||s"Gelmann, I will mention that in Europe the geological and palae- ontological papers published therein by Prot. Swallow, Drs.PROui^ F. and George Shu- maed, and Major HaiV^ were received with es- pecial favor. Lastly, I have to state, from the report of the Treasurer, Dr. Po^.lak, that the receipts of the Academy for 1^8 were $1,253 00; the expendi- tures $1,216 00; and that after meeling our lia- bilities, be estimates an actual balance of about $200 in our favor, in dues from members. The number of our corresponding members is at pre- sent 82; the exact number of associate members I could not ascertain, since many of them have indirectly withdrawn by not paying their dues. The dues from associate members formatpre&t our only revenue, and it requires strict economy to pursue with such limited means the various objects of our society. Similar institutions in Eastern cities have had, in the beginning of tligir career, to undergo similar triwls of mind’Versus matter, but liberal-minded citizens lent them a helping hand, and endowed them with sufficient means to make their field of operation more ex- tensive and useful. The Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, for instance, holding now the first rank, would not have prospered as well without the magnificent generosity of a Ma CLURE and others. Our own city, the great cen- tre of the Mississippi Valley, can certainly boast of as wealthy and liberal men as any in the Union. Let us hope, that in a not far dis^^^ day, a Maclure may arise among them, wil^ ling to perpetuate his name in the Annals of Science The following gentlemen were elected officers of the Academy for the year 1859 : President — Adolphus Wislizenus, M. D. First Vice Presidei^t^George Engelmann, M. D. Second Vice Pre^dent— Charles A. Pope, M. D. Corresponding Sec^— Nathaniel Holmes, Esq. Recording Secretary— J. S. B. Alley ne, M. D. Treasurer— S Poliak, M. D. Librarian— Theodoie C. Hilgard, M. D. Curators — H, A. Prout, M D,, C. W. Stevens, M. D , T. C. Hilgard, M. D., Spencer Smith, Esq. Committee on Publication- N. Holmes, Esq., W. M. McPheeters, M. D., Geo. Engelmann, M. D. Committee on Library— H. A Prout, M. D., C. A. Pope, M. D., Hon. Samuel Reber. Committee on Finance — Spencer Smith, Esq., J. B, Eads, Esq , C. C. Whittelsey, Esq. ' . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missouri Botanical copyright reserved garden cm