hina VOLUME 7 PART I NORTH AMERICAN FLORA is USTILAGINALES USTILAGINACEAE, TILLETIACEAE GEORGE PERKINS CLINTON PUBLISHED BY THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN OcTOBER 4, 1906 ANNOUNCEMENT The NortH AMERICAN FLORA is designed to present in one work de- scriptions of all plants growing, independent of cultivation, in North America, here taken to include Greenland, Central America, the Republic of Panama, and the West Indies, except Trinidad, Tobago, and Curacao and other islands off the north coast of Venezuela, whose flora is essentially South American. The work will be published in parts at irregular intervals, by the New York Botanical Garden, through the aid of the income of the David Lydig Fund bequeathed by Charles P. Daly. It is planned to issue parts as rapidly as they can be prepared, the ex- tent of the work making it possible to commence publication at any number of points. The completed work will form a series of volumes with the following sequence : Volume 1. Mycetozoa, Schizophyta, Diatomaceae. Volumes 2 to 10. Fungi. Volumes 11 to 13. Algae. Volumes 14 and 15. Bryophyta. ; Volume 16. Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae. Volumes 17 to 19. Monocotyledones. Volumes 20 to 30. Dicotyledones. The preparation of the work has been referred by the Scientific Direc- tors of the Garden to a committee consisting of Professors L. M. Underwood and N. L. Britton. Professor George F. Atkinson, of Cornell University ; Professors Charles R. Barnes and John M. Coulter, of the University of Chicago; Mr. Frederick V. Coville, of the United States Department of Agriculture; Professor Edward L. Greene, of the United States National Museum; Professor Byron D. Halsted, of Rutgers College ; and Professor William Trelease, of the Missouri Botanical Garden, have consented to act as an advisory committee. Each author will be wholly responsible for his own contributions, being restricted only by the general style adopted for the work, which must vary somewhat in the treatment of diverse groups. The subscription price is fixed at $1.50 for each part; it is expected that four or five parts will be required for each volume. A limited number of separate parts will be sold at $2.00 each. Address: THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN BRONX PARK NEW YORK CITY Order USTILAGINALES? By GEORGE PERKINS CLINTON Parasitic fungi infesting various parts of herbaceous flowering plants. In- fection through the very young tissues of any part of the host or more fre- quently limited to special portions, often only through the germinating seed. Mycelium local or widespread, consisting of hyaline, somewhat septate, branched filaments practically limited to the interior of the host; at maturity often disappearing partially or wholly through gelatinization ; fertile mycelium compacting into masses and giving rise, in various ways, to chlamydospores formed from their internal contents; rarely developing a conidial stage on the exterior of the host. Sori evident, usually forming dusty or agglutinated spore-masses that break out in definite places on the host; more rarely perma- nently embedded in the tissues. Spores (chlamydospores) light- to dark- colored, 4-35 in diameter, singlé, in pairs, or in spore-balls, the latter often composed in part of sterile cells. Germination by means of a promycelium, usually producing terminal or lateral sporidia which may be capable of a saprophytic existence in nature and which often reproduce themselves abun- dantly through a yeast-like process of budding. Promycelium usually with lateral sporidia at septa. Fam. 1. USTILAGINACEAE. Promycelium with clustered terminal sporidia. Fam. 2. TILLETIACBAE. 1 This paper is based on the writer’s monograph of North American Ustilagineae (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 329-529) published in October, 1904. In the present paper there are omitted the general notes, notes under genera and species, most of the older Euro- pean synonyms, the list of species showing general distribution, and the bibliography. There are added to the paper such further species, hosts, and distributions as have since come to hand. ‘The following are the additional species and varieties described here: Entyloma Holwayi Sydow, Sphacelotheca diplospora glabra Clinton & Ricker, var. nov., Sphacelotheca diplospora verruculosa Clinton, var. nov., Télletia Eragrostidis Clinton & Ricker, 7illetia Muhlenbergiae Clinton, sp. nov., Tilletia Redfieldiae Clinton, sp. nov., Tolyposporium globuligerum (Berk. & Br.) Ricker, Urocystis Lithophragmae Garrett, sp. nov., Ustilago Kellermanii Clinton, sp. nov., Ustilago punctata Clinton, sp. nov., Ustelago Rickerii Clinton, sp. nov., Ustilago Sieglingiae Ricker. Ustilago Panict-leucophaei Bret. has been placed under the genus Sphacelotheca. Under each species have also been added references to the type locality (including host) and to illustrations of the species. The names of the hosts have been made to conform in general with the nomenclature to be used in the Flora. Under each species, however, the writer has indicated in parentheses the former name when there has been a change, Finally there have been added under the genera artificial keys to aid in the identification of the species. VoLuME 7, Part 1, 1906] 1 Family 1. USTILAGINACEAE By GEORGE PERKINS CLINTON Sori usually forming exposed dusty or agglutinated spore-masses. Germi- nation by means of a septate promycélium which gives rise to terminal ‘and lateral sporidia (capable of yeast-like multiplication in nutrient solutions) or else to infection-threads. Spores single. Sori dusty at maturity. Without definite false membrane. 1. UsTILaco. With false membrane of definite fungous cells. 2. SPHACELOTHECA. Sori agglutinated at maturity. Firmly agglutinated into conspicuous tubercular nodules. 3. MELANOPSICHIUM. Developed around a central columella (rarely dusty). 4, CINTRACTIA. Spores chiefly in pairs. ’ Sori agglutinated (on leaves). 5. SCHIZONELLA. Sori dusty (inside peduncles). 6. MYKOSYRINX. Spores in balls. Sori dusty or granular. Spore-balls often evanescent ; spores olive-brown or black-brown. 7. SOROSPORIUM. Spore-balls rather permanent; spores yellowish or reddish, with markings only on free surface. 8. THECAPHORA. Spore-balls quite permanent ; spores adhering by folds or thickenings of outer coat. 10. ToLyrosporiuM. Sori agglutinated. Spore-balls (variable) composed of thick-walled spores. 9, TOLYPOSPORELLA. Spore-balls with peripheral spores and central sterile cells. 11. TESTICULARIA. 1. USTILAGO (Pers.) Roussel,’ Fl. Calvadosed. 2. 47. 1806. Necrosis Paulet, Traité Champ. 1: 548; hyponym. 1793. Uredo§ Ustilago Pets. Syn. Fung. 224. 1801. Ustilagidium Herzb. in Zopf, Beitr. Phys. Morph. Org. 5: 7. 1895. Sori on various parts of the hosts, at maturity forming dusty, usually dark-colored spore-masses; spores single, produced irregularly in the fertile mycelial threads which early entirely disappear through gelatinization, small to medium in size; germination by means of a septate promycelium producing only infection-threads or with sporidia formed terminally and laterally near the septa; sporidia in water usually germinating into infection- threads but in nutrient solutions multiplying indefinitely, yeast fashion. Type, Uredo segetum Pers. A. Spores reddish-, olive-, or black-brown. 1. Spores perfectly smooth (see also nos. 3, 19, 25, 33). Spores small, 4-10» in length. Sori around the internodes. es Sori with false membrane of fungous threads. 1. U. minima. Sori without evident false membrane. 2. U. hypodytes. Sori envolving entire inflorescence. 20. U. Panici-prolifert, Sori in individual spikelets. : Spores lighter-colored on one side. Sori small, about 1 mm. in length. 5. U. mexicana, Sori 6-10 mm. in length. ; Hosts: Avena ; spore-mass brown-black. 7. UO. levis. — Hosts: Hordeum ; spore-mass purple-black. 6. U. Hordei. 1J, Bauhin, Hist. Pl. 2: 418, in 1651, is really the founder of Ustilago. Fries or Per- soon is ordinarily cited as the authority for the genus. Fries used Ustilago as a genus in his Syst. Myc. 3: 517, in 1832, with U. grandis as the first species. Persoon used Usttlago as a subgenus under Uredo with Uredo segetum as the first species, having five varieties of which « U. Hordei is first, and this may be taken as the actual type now that U. segetum has been broken up into several species. Roussel merely adopted Ustdlago from Persoon, but raised itto full generic rank, giving three of Persoon’s four species, of which U. segetum is one. Paulet’s name, Vecrosis, cannot be regarded as a true generic name, but was used more as a descriptive term. VoLUME 7, Part 1, 1906] 3 4 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Spores uniformly colored. Sori completely destroying ‘spikelets. _ Sori usually destroying inner and basal parts. Sori in leaf-sheaths or blades; spores 8-11 #. Spores medium, 10-14 in length; sori in ovaries. Spores large, 13-22 in length, the inner coat with projections. 2: Spores often apparently smooth but at least granular under an immer- - sion lens, Sori in leaves ; spores scarcely granular. Sori in inflorescence, sometimes confined to spikelets. Sori in spikelets. Sori rather completely destroying spikelets. Sori destroying only basal and inner parts. Sori in ovaries ; spores apparently smooth. Sori in flowers protected by perianth, 3. Spores echinulate or verruculose (occasionally minutely or obscurely). Spores small, 4-9» in length. Sori in leaves. Sori in striae or areas of considerable extent. Sori pustular. Sori involving or aborting inflorescence. Sori ovoid to subspherical ; spores 46x. . Sori linear; spores 6-11» in length. Sori in spikelets. Sori rather completely destroying spikelets. Hosts: Avena. Hosts: Triticum. Hosts: Hordeum. Sori destroying inner and basal parts, Sori in ovaries. Spores evidently echinulate or verruculose. Spores variable, often elongated, olive-brown. Spores rather regular, reddish-brown. Spores obscurely echinulate, often appearing smooth. Spores uniformly colored, 4-6 in length. Spores often lighter colored on one side, 5-9x. Spores medium, 9-14 in length (see also nos. 21, 47). Sori on various parts of host. Sori at nodes and on leaves, nodular, hispid. Sori in ovaries, nodes, etc., pustular, smooth. Sori usually at nodes, conspicuous, ovate to lanceolate. Sori on any part of host, usually very conspicuous. Sori forming elongate outbreaks, aborting inflorescence. Sori in leaves. Sori in striae. Sori involving leaves at apex of culm and aborting inflorescence. Sori linear, very elongate, often 1 dm. Sori elongate-ellipsoidal, 5-10 mm. Sori in inflorescence (see also nos. 39, 48, 52). Hosts: Syntherisma (Panicum). Hosts: Chloris, Sori in spikelets, infecting entire spike. Sori in ovaries (see also no. 34). Sori conspicuous, chiefly 3-6 mm., hispid. Sori rather inconspicuous, 1-4 mm. in length. Spores echinulate. Hosts: Eragrostis. Hosts: Bouteloua. Hosts: Tridens (Tricuspis). Spores minutely and obscurely verruculose. Spores very conspiculously echinulate. Spores with coarse, often acute tubercles. Sori very inconspicuous, 1 mm. or less. Spores large, 14-18, rarely 12m, in length. Sori in leaves. Sori forming oblong pustules. : Spores smooth or obscurely verruculose. Spores echinulate. Sori forming linear striae ; spores verrucose. Sori in inflorescence. : Spores light reddish-brown, minutely echinulate. Spores prominently echinulate ; sorus with columella. Spores dark reddish-brown, verruculose. Hosts: Sporobolus. Hosts: Festuca. . ; 4, Spores coarsely verrucose to occasionally semi-reticulate. Sori on leaves. Hosts: Agropyron, Elymus, etc. Hosts: Phalaris. Hosts: Pantcularia (Glyceria), Scolochloa. [VoLUME 7 . U” affinis, . U. Crameri. . U, calcara, . U. lycurotdes, . UO, Heufleri. . U, longissima. . UO. residua. . OU”, Lorentziana, . UO. bromivora. . U. Rickerit, . U, Tillandsiae. . O. Ulei. . UO. minor. . UO. Muhlenbergiae, . UO. chloridicola, . UO. Avenae, . UO. Tritict. . UO, nuda, . UO. perennans. . UO, olivacea. . %U. sparsa, . U. Sieglingiae. . U. Triplasidis. . UL Crus-galii. . U. pustulata. . U. heterogena. . UO. Zeae. . U, Kellermanit. . U. striaeformis. . OF. Dieteliana, . U. Aegopogonis. Rabenhorstiana. elegans. neglecta. S Sss sphaerogena. Spermophora. Boutelouae, Tricuspidis. Uniolae, ornata, Sporobolt. Eriocauli, SISSIES Buchloes. Hieronymi. Calamagrostidis. Ffilariae. Holwayana. Vilfae. Mulfordiana, aq Se aac macrospora. echinata, Arthurit. Sas Par? 1, 1906] ° USTILAGINACEAE B. Spores yellow or golden-brown. Spores smooth or obscurely echinulate, 7-124 in length. . U. Vaillant, Spores coarsely verrucose, 13-20 in length. 60. U. Oxalidis. C. Spores violet or purplish. Spores very minutely and obliquely striate. Hosts: Macounastrum (Koenigia). 69. U. Koenigiae. Hosts: Polygonum, 70. U. Pipertit. Spores minutely verruculose. 72. U. Bistortarum. Spores though appearing smooth very minutely pitted-reticulate. 71. U. punctaia. Spores with winged reticulations. Sori in stems, petioles and midribs. 68. U. Parlatorei. Sori in inflorescence and floral axis. 67. U. Rumicis. Sori in flowers or their organs. Sori in ovaries and often stamens, inclosed by floral envelopes. Spores small, 7-10, minutely reticulate (14). 61. U. vinosa. Spores medium, 10-144 in length. Spores light-violet, rather finely reticulate (1-3 ), 65. U. anomala. Spores purplish ; reticulations coarser (2-4 2). 66. U. utriculosa. Spores medium large, 14-17, ; reticulations 1.5-2 4. 64. U. Calandriniae, Sori in anthers. 62. U. violacea, Sori in seeds; spores 12-18 »,; reticulations about 1 pu. 63. U. Gayophyti, 1. Ustilago minima Arth. Bull. Iowa Agr. Coll. Dep. Bot. 1884: 172. 1884. Sori on stems, linear, usually 3-5 cm. in length, with a conspicuous whitish false mem- brane composed chiefly of elongated sterile fungous threads, upon rupturedisclosing a dusty black-brown spore-mass surrounding stem as columella; spores light reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to subspherical or spherical, smooth, 3.5-4.5 4, or elongate, 5.5, in length. ON POACEAE: Eriocoma cuspidata (Oryzopsis cuspidata), Arizona. Stipa spartea, lowa, South Dakota. TYPE LOCALITY: Ames, Iowa, on Stipa spariea. DISTRIBUTION: Iowa, South Dakota and Arizona. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C70; Griff. West Am. Fungi 237. 2. Ustilago hypodytes (Schiecht.) Fries, Syst. Myc. 3: 518. Caecoma hypodytes Schlecht. Fl. Berol. 2: 129. 1824. Ustilago Sporobolt Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 282. 1897. (Type from Colorado, on Sporo- bolus cryptandrus.) Not U. Sporoboli Tracy.& Earle, 1896. Ustilago funalis Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 457. 1897. Sorosporium Williamsii Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 296. 1902. (Type from Wyoming, on Spa Richardsonit.) Sori surrounding internodes (beginning at their bases) for usually the greater part of their length, linear, hidden by enveloping leaf-sheaths but without special covering mem- brane, when mature forming a dusty dark-brown spore-mass; spores ovoid to spherical, occasionally slightly polyhedral or irregular, smooth, often guttulate, chiefly 4-7 “in length. 1832. ON POACEAE: Agropyron occidentale, Montana, South Dakota, _ : : Distichlis spicata (D. maritima), Arizona, California, Connecticut, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Washington. Elymus canadensis, lowa. : Elymus condensatus, California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington. Elymus glaucus, California. Elymus striatus, Montana. . Eriocoma cuspidata (Oryzopsis cuspidaia), Colorado. Poa Buckleyana, Nevada. | Puccinellia atrotdes, California. ; Sitanion longifolium, California, Washington. Sporobolus cryplandrus, Colorado. Sporobolus sp., California. ; Stipa comata, Montana, Nebraska, Washington. Stipa coronata, California. Stipa eminens, California. Stipa occidentalis, Oregon. | Stipa Richardsonti, Wyoming. Stipa setigera, California, Texas. Supa spartea, Wlinois, South Dakota. Stipa Vaseyt, New Mexico. Stipa viridulg, South Dakota. Stipa sp.,/ tah Washington. 6 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 TYPE LOCALITY: Vicinity of Berlin, Germany, on Elymus arenarius. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut; Illinois to Texas, California, and Washington; also in South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa, ILLustrations: Ann, Sci. Nat. III. 7: pl. 3, f. 14; Bull. Torrey Club 29: 291, 74.5; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f, 114 (15), 117; Rev. Myc. 12: pl. 19, f. 275, 276; Flora 83: 61.3, 7.7; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 401: 2.3, f. 1. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 3, 201, 233, 234, 235, 236, 306; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C71; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3225; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 537, 1899; Sydow, Ust. 210. 3. Ustilago longissima (Sow.) Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 76. 1847. Se sar ehatss rns Schrank, Bot. Tasch. Hoppe 1793: 69. 1793. (Type from Bavaria, on Poa aquatica, Uredo longissima Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 239. 1798. Ustilago jiliformis Rostr. Fests. Bot. For. Kjgb. 136. 1890. Sori in leaves, forming more or less distinct and linear groups from a few mm. to length of the leaf, soon rupturing epidermal covering and the reddish-brown spore-mass becoming scattered from the more or less shredded tissues; spores light-brown, oblong or ellipsoidal to spherical, smooth or scarcely granular under an immersion, 4-8 in length. ON POACEAE : Panicularia americana (Glyceria grandis), Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Vermont, Wisconsin. ° Panicularia (Glyceria) sp., New Hampshire. Type LOCALITY: Lambeth Marsh, England, on Poa aquatica (Panicularia aquatica). DISTRIBUTION : New England to Minnesota and Iowa ; also in South America, Europe, and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 7; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: fi 14 (17) ; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: pl. 8, pl. 9, f. 8-16; Rev. Myc. 12: pl. 19, f. 282-284 ; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 401: p/. 3, f.2; Plowright, Brit. Ured. Ust. pl. 7, f. 14-16. ExsiccaTr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1096 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 469; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 547, C 73, C 74. Ustilago longissima macrospora Davis, Trans. Wisc. Acad. 11: 174. 1897. Spores similar, some- what more irregular and angled, apparently smooth but under an immersion minutely granular, 7-124 in length. ON PoacEaE: Panicularia fluiians (Glyceria fluitans), Illinois, Maine, Wis- consin. Panicularia laxa (G. laxa), Maine. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3235; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 540, C 75, Sydow, Ust. 259. 4. ‘Ustilago calcara Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85. 1904. Sori in the leaf-sheaths, occasionally in the blades, extending between the veins and rupturing upon the exterior, circular, 0.5 mm. in diameter, or linear through confluence and then often 5 mm. or more in length; spores light to dark reddish-brown, irregular, ovate to subspherical, often pointed, with thin smooth walls, chiefly 8-11 in length. ON POACEAE : Bouteloua breviseta, New Mexico. TypPr LOCALITY: Roswell, New Mexico, on Bouleloua breviseta. DISTRIBUTION: New Mexico. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, 7. 8. 5. Ustilago mexicana Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 56. 1887. Sori in the individual spikelets usually infecting all, ovate, small, about 1 mm. in length, more or less concealed by the enveloping glumes; spores reddish-brown, often lighter-colored on one side due in part to the thinner wall, ovoid to spherical or somewhat angular and irregular, smooth, 5.5-8 in length. ON POACEAE : Muhlenbergia sp., Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains near Batopilas, Mexico, on Muhlenbergia sp. DISTRIBUTION : Mexico. . ExsiccaTl : Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1892. 6. Ustilago Hordei (Pers.) Kellerm. & Swingle, Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 268. 1890. Uredo segetum Hordei Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 57. 1797. Ustilago Hordet tecta Jens. Charb. Céréales 4. 1889. Ustilago Jensenti Rostr. Overs. K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1890: 12. 1890. Sori in spikelets, forming an adhering purple-black spore-mass, about 6-10 mm. in length, covered rather permanently by the transparent basal parts of the glumes; spores Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 7 lighter-colored on one side, usually subspherical or spherical, smooth, 5-94, the most elongate rarely 9-11 4, in length. ON POACEAE: ffordeum spp. cult., California, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin ; Canada; Nova Scotia; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Hordeum sp. cult. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of barley. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: 41. Z; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: J. 4; Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta.2: pl. 2, f. 3-6, pl. 7; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 114 (12); Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pi. 7,7. 33-35 ; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. f. 159. _HXSICCATI: Seym. &. Earle, Econ. Fungi 82, C69; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb, 1434 ; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 40; Griff. West Am. Fungi 2?,; 232; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 2092. 7. Ustilago levis (Kellerm. & Swingle) Magn. Abh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 37: 69. 1896. Ustilago Avenae levis Kellerm. & Swingle, Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 259. 1890. ? Ustitlago Kolleri Wille, Bot. Notiser 1893: 10. 1893. (Type from Norway, on Avena sativa.) Sori in spikelets, forming a black-brown adhering spore-mass, sometimes small and entirely concealed by the glumes but usually evident and destroying inner and basal parts; spores lighter-colored on one side, subspherical to spherical or rarely more elongate, smooth, 5-9, the most elongate rarely 11, in length. ON POACEAE : Avena sativa, Connecticut, Ilingjs, lowa, Kansas, Maine, New Hampshire, North Caro- lina, Ohio, South Dakota, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin ; Nova Scotia. TYPE LocaLity: Kansas, on Avet@ saliva. DISTRIBUTION : Nova Scotia to North Carolina, Utah, and Washington ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: p/. A7, B, S3-4; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv.5: 7.45; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 15: pi. 77. : ExsiCcatTi: Griff. West Am. Fungi 27; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 72; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1996 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1092, p. p. 8. Ustilago perennans Rostr. Overs. K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1890: 15. Mr 1890. Cintractia Avenae Ellis & Tracy, Jour. Myc. 6: 77. S 1890. (Type from Mississippi, on Arrhenatherum elatius.) Sori in spikelets, more or less destroying the basal and inner parts, sometimes even running down on pedicels, oblong, about 3-8 mm. in length, with dusty, olive-brown spore- mass: mycelium perennial in perennial parts of host; spores chiefly subspherical or spheri- cal, occasionally ovate to ellipsoidal, usually lighter-colored on one side, more or less minutely echinulate especially on the lighter side, 5-8 in length. On POACEAE: : au : ete Arrhenatherum elatius (A, avenaceum), Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, New York, Ohio, Vermont, Wisconsin. . Typr LOCALITY : Europe, on Avena elatior (Arrhenatherum elatius). ; DISTRIBUTION : New England to Iowa and Mississippi; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta.57: pl. C; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 119 ; Bre- feld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: p/. 7, f. 25-28 ; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. /. 157-158. 7 WXSICCATI: Ellis & By. N. Am. Fungi 1893», 2703 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi &, C 8&3. 9, Ustilago Avenae (Pers.) Jens. Charb. Céréales 4. 1889. Uredo segetum Avenae Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 57. 1797. Ustilago segetum Avenae Jens. Om Korns. Brand 61. 1888. Ustilago Avenae f. folticola Almeida, Revista Agron. 1: 20. 1903. Sori in spikelets, forming a dusty olive-brown spore-mass, about 6-12 mm. long by half as wide, usually rather completely destroying floral parts, eventually becoming dissi- pated, rarely in leaves; spores lighter-colored on one side, subspherical to spherical though often more elongate, minutely echinulate, 5-92 in length: ON pneu hee a fatua, California. : a ; ne ee Alabama, California, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missourt, Montana, Ne- braska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North 8 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 7 Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming; Nova Scotia. TYPE LOCALITY : Europe, on Avena sativa. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of oats. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: o/. A?, SI-2; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv, 5: f 47; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp, Sta. 8: fl. 1-2; Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 62. 1,4,5; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 1/4 (13); Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 11: f/. 1, 7. 7-4; Ann. Rep. Mass. State Agr. Exp. Sta.9: 248, p1. 1, f. 1; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. f. 156. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi &1, C 64; Shear, N. Y' Fungi 82; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 599; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1092, p. p.; Rav. Fungi Car. II. 99. 10. Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Kellerm. & Swingle; Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 277. 1890. Ustilago Hordei nuda Jens. Charb. Céréales 4. 1889. Ustilago Hordei Rostr. Overs. K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1890: 10. 1890. Ustilagidium Hordei Herzb. in Zopf, Beitr. Phys. Morph. Org. 5: 7. 1895. Sori in spikelets, forming a dusty olive-brown spore-mass, about 6-10 mm. long by half as wide, temporarily protected by a thin membrane but soon becoming dissipated and leaving the naked rachis behind; spores lighter-colored on one side, minutely echinulate, subspherical to spherical or occasionally more elongate, 5-9 in length. ON POACEAE: Hordeum spp. cult., Connecticut, Illinois, lowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michi- gan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin ; Nova Scotia; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY : Europe, on Hordeum sp. cult. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of barley in America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: pf. D; Bull Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 47; Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: pl. 2, f. 7-11, pl.8; Bull. lowa Exp. Sta. 54: fi 114 (18) ; Ann. Rep. Mass. State Agr. Exp. Sta. 9: 248, p1. 1, f. 2. a Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 82a, C77, C 78; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 11. Ustilago Tritici (Pers.) Rostr. Overs. K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1890: 15. Mr 1890. Uredo segetum Tritici Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 57. 1797. Uskilago segetum Tritici Jens. Om Korns. Brand 61. 1888. Ustilago Tritict Jens.; Kellerm. & Swingle, Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: 262. Je 1890. Ustilago Tritici {. folicola P. Henn. Zeits. Pflanzenk. 4: 139. 1894. Ustilagidium Tritict Herzb. in Zopf, Beitr. Phys. Morph. Org. 5: 7. 1895. Sori in spikelets, forming a dusty olive-brown spore-mass, about 8-12 mm. long by half as wide, usually entirely destroying floral parts and eventually becoming dissipated and leaving behind only the naked rachis; spores lighter-colored on one side, usually sub- spherical to spherical, occasionally more elongate, minutely echinulate especially on the lighter side, 5-9 in length. ON POACEAE: : Triticum vulgare, Alabama, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North ‘Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming ; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Triticum vulgare. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of wheat. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Il]. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: pl. F 1-2, R2,S5; E. & P. Nat. Pl. D¥*: 9, f 5A; Ann. Rep. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 2: fl. 2, f. 2, pl.6; Amn, Rep. Mass. State Agr. Exp. Sta. 9: 248, pl. 1, 7.3; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. f. 160. ‘ ExsiccatTi: Underw. & Cook, Ilustr. Fungi 56; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 80; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1769; Sydow, Ust. 167; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi #2; Griff. West Am. Fungi 22. 12. Ustilago Muhlenbergiae P. Henn. Hedwigia Beibl. 41: 61. Ap 1902. : rd oa Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 133. 01902. (Type from Arizona, on Muhlenbergia exana, Sori in the abortive inflorescence, ovoid to subspherical, about 3-6 mm. in length, pro- tected by thin semitransparent membrane of the infected floral parts, upon rupture disclos- ing a black-brown dusty spore-mass ; spores rather dark reddish-brown, chiefly spherical, at first apparently smooth, but with age or approaching germination splitting off caps on Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 9 opposite sides of epispore and these eventually breaking up into small granular echinula- tions thus leaving a dark, less broken central band, 4-6 in diameter. ON POACEAE: Muhlenbergia Porteri (M. texana), Arizona. Muhlenbergia Pringlei, New Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY : Hot Springs, New Mexico (not Mexi 1a Pringlet : exico DISTRIBUTION: New Mexico and Arizona, ‘ Eee] renee ae Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 142. 13. Ustilago residua Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 133. 1902. Ustilago segetum {. Danthoniae Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 189a; hyponym. 1887. ; Sori in the inflorescence, prominent, infecting the whole or sometimes confined to the individual spikelets, usually enclosed by leaf-sheaths, on exposure showing as an olive-brown dusty spore-mass ; spores rather light olive-brown, ovoid or ovate to spherical or occasion- ally irregular, thin-walled, with coarse granules giving granular-reticulate appearance under an immersion, usually 5.5-8.5 », sometimes even 11 4, in length. ON POACEAE: : Danthonia californica, California. Danthonia compressa, New York. Danthonia intermedia, California, Wyoming. Danthonia spicata, New Hampshire. Danthonia untspicata, California. Danthonia sp., Colorado. : TYPE LOCALITY: New Hampshire, on Danthonia spicata. ‘ pec : New Hampshire, New York, Colorado, Wyoming, and California’; also in ustralia. ; : ExsiccaTr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 146; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1893a. 14. Ustilago affinis Ellis & Ev.; Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 20: 297. 1893. Ustilago Hilariae P. Henn, Hedwigia 37: 267. 1898. (Type from Mexico, on Hilaria cenchrotides.) Not U. Hilariae Ellis & Tracy. 90. Ustilago Stenotaphri P, Henn. Hedwigia 37: 293. 1898. (Type from Cape Colony, on Steno- taphrum glabrum.) Not U. Stenotaphri McAlpine. 1895. Ustilago americana Speg. Anal. Mus, Nac. Buenos Aires 6: 207. 1899. (Type from La Plata, Argentina, on Stenotaphrum glabrum.) gee 4 Stenotaphri Massee, Kew Bull. 1899: 184. 1899. (Type from Bermuda, on Stenotaphrum glabrum.) Ustilago Henningsti Sacc. & Sydow ; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 16: 368. 1902. Sori in spikelets, usually infecting all, which are sometimes slightly merged, at first more or less hidden by enveloping leaves, protected by a thin transparent membrane but this soon rupturing and the olive-brown spore-mass scattering until there remains only the naked rachis; spores light reddish-brown, oblong or ovate to chiefly subspherical or spherical, often slightly angled, smooth, 5.5-9 in length. ON POACEAE: Hilaria cenchroides, Mexico. Stenotaphrum secundatum (S. americanum), Bermuda, Jamaica. Type LOCALITY : Mandeville, Jamaica, on Stenolaphrum americanum (S. Ssecundatum). DISTRIBUTION : Bermuda, Jamaica, and Mexico; also in South America and Africa. 15. Ustilago Lorentziana Thiim. Flora 63: 30. 1880. Ustilago Holwayt Dietel, Bot. Gaz. 18 : 253. 1893. (Type from California, on Hordeum pratense.) Sori in spikelets, usually infecting all of a spike, rather completely destroying their parts except the awns, protected at first by a thin transparent membrane which easily rup- tures disclosing a dusty purple-black spore-mass ; spores rather dark olive-brown, ovoid to spherical or sometimes with more irregular and angular forms, with a brittle epispore that breaks up into more or less irregular granules or minute verruculations, chiefly 7-12 in length. ON POACEAE : Hordeum caespitosum { Utah. Hordeum jubatum, Mofftana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah. Hordeum maritimum, Idaho. Hordeum murinum, California. : ; : Hordeum nodosum (HH. pratense), California (Uta Hordeum pusillum, California. Hordeum sp., California, Washington. 10 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, on Hordeum compressum. DISTRIBUTION : North Dakota to Washington and California; also in South America. EXSICCATI: Sydow, Ust. 9, 154, 206, 305; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1281, 2098; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2702 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi 192; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 140. 16. Ustilago bromivora (Tul.) Fisch. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40': 252. 1867. Ustilago Carbo vulgaris bromivora Tul, Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 81. 1847. Cintractia patagonica Cooke & Massee, Grevillea 18: 34. 1889. (Type from Patagonia, on Bromus untolotdes.) Sori in spikelets, usually infecting only the parts within the glumes but sometimes also destroying the base of these, often at first agglutinated but finally becoming dusty ; spores usually dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical but occasionally polyhedral or irregular, sometimes apparently smooth or only granular, but usually abundantly and minutely granular-verruculose, 7-11, rarely 144, in length. ON POACEAE : . Bromus arvensis, Colorado? : Bromus breviaristatus, California, Iowa. Bromus ciltaius, Colorado. Bromus Hookerianus, California, Washington. Bromus hordeaceus (B. mollis), California, Washington. Bromus hordeaceys.glabrescens, Washington. Bromus Kalmii, (Utah) Bromus marginatus, Bromus polyanthus, [Otak Bromus Pumpellian#s;Pistrict of Columbia. Bromus racemosus, Washington. Bromus Richardsoni District of Columbia. Bromus secalinus, California, Oregon. Bromus vulgaris, Montana, Washington. Bromus vulgaris eximius, Washington. Bromus sp., Montana, Cea TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, o ‘OmUus secalinus. DISTRIBUTION : District of Columbia (on cultivated plants) ; lowa to Washington and Cali- fornia; also in South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. ILLUSTRATIONS : Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 114 (4); Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: pl. 10, f. 1-8; Rev. Myc. 12: pl. 19, f. 280-281; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40!: pl. 3, f. 15. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3052; Sydow, Ust. 102, 202, 303; Griff. West Am. Fungi 20/, 205, 206, 206a ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 536, 1995 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 534, C 65, C 136, C 137, C 138. Ustilago bromivora macrospora Farl. Bull. Iowa Agr. Coll. Bot. Dep. 1886: 59. 1887. Spores somewhat more irregular and larger, chiefly 11-17 » in length. ON POACEAE: Bromus ciliatus, Colorado ;? Iowa. alifornia, Colorado, District of Columbia, Iowa, Oregon, Wyoming. 17. Ustilago Crameri Korn. ; Fuckel, Jahrb. Nass. Ver. Nat. 27-28: 11. 1873. Sori in the spikelets, infecting all of the spike, ovate, about 2-4mm. in length, chiefly destroying inner and basal parts; spores reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to subspherical though occasionally more elongate and irregular, smooth, with usually pitted contents, chiefly 8-11 yw in length. ON POACEAE: ae . Pee . Chaetochloa ttalica (Setaria italica), Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Ohio, North Dakota, South Dakota. TYPE Locality: Switzerland, on Sefaria italica (Chaetochloa italica). DISTRIBUTION: New England to Ilinois and South Dakota; alsoin Europe. __ ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: #/. P; Bull. Conn, Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f- 44; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: pl. 7, f. 18-21. . ExsiccatTi: Griff. West Am. Fungi 9; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 66, C 139. 18. Ustilago lycuroides Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 84. 1904. Sori in the ovaries, infecting only part*of the spikelets, evident, spherical, about 1.5 mm. in diameter, covered with a greenish membrane bearing remains of styles at itsapex, upon rupture disclosing a compact, dusty, black-brown spore-mass ; spores clear reddish- brown, ovoid to subspherical, smooth but because of clear granular contents often appear- ing pitted, chiefly 10.5-14 » in length. Parr 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 11 ON PoaceEaE: Lycurus phieoides, Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: One mile north of Greatervi i i é : tville on i ies ph a on road to Rosemont, Santa Rita Mountains, DISTRIBUTION : Arizona, ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, f 72, 12. 19. Ustilago Rickerii Clinton, sp. nov. Sori in the ovaries, apparently infecting all in the inflorescence, ovoid to subspherical, about 3-6 mm. in length, covered by a smooth membrane of plant tissue that upon rupture discloses the olive-black dusty spore-mass; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly sub- spherical or spherical, contents usually guttulate, apparently smooth, but under an immer- sion lens usually minutely and sparsely granular-echinulate, 5.5-9 « in length. ON PoacEAE: Panicum paspaloides, Cuba. Type collected in Batabano, Cuba, March, 1906, by A. S. Hitchcock, and communicated by P. L. Ricker as an interesting species. 20. Ustilago Panici-proliferi P. Henn. Bot. Gaz. 28: 274. 1899. Sori in the inner folded leaves and possibly also aborting the inflorescence, elongate, chiefly 3-8 cm. in length, often thickest at base, more or less enveloped by leaf-sheaths, covered with a thin transparent membrane that soon ruptures, exposing the dusty olive- black spore-mass surrounding the prominent, elongate remains of the plant tissues ; spores olive-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, contents often punctate, smooth, 7-10 » in length. ON POACEAE : Panicum paspaloides, Mexico. Panicum proliferum acuminatum, Mexico. TYPE Locality: City of Mexico, on Panicum proliferum acuminatum. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico. EXSICCATI: Sydow, Ust. 212; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 143. 21. Ustilago Ulei P. Henn. Hedwigia 34: 88. 1895. Sori in the leaves, rather indefinite, in striae or often involving more or less of the inner surface of the blades as folded together, eventually causing them to become some- what shredded and the olive-black dusty spore-mass to become scattered ; spores reddish- brown, often with thin walls (such spores easily collapsing when dry), usually subspherical or spherical, smooth or very minutely punctate-verruculose, 8-11 # in diameter. ON POACEAE: Chloris submutica, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY : Goyaz, Brazil, on Chloris sp. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico; also in South America. ILLUSTRATION: Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: Al. 7, f. 14-18. 22. Ustilago chloridicola P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 267. 1898. Sori in the inflorescence, linear, often about 3 cm. in length, causing more or less shredding of the infected tissues, with dusty olive-black spore-mass that becomes scattered ; spores reddish-brown, often irregular, oblong or elliptical to spherical, apparently mi- nutely verruculose, but punctate-reticulate under an immersion lens, 6-11 u in length. ON POACEAE : Chloris sp., California. . . : : TYPE LOCALITY: Potter Valley, Mendocino County, California, on Choris sp. DISTRIBUTION : California. 23. Ustilago Tillandsiae Patters.; Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 135, 1902. Sori destroying inner flower parts, protected by enclosing bracts and perianth, form~- ing an irregular dusty black spore-mass about 1-3 cm. in length; spores olive-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, thin-walled, more or less collapsed or hemispherically cupped, smooth or with brittle epispore breaking up into thin polygonal areas, 7-13 # in length. ON BROMELIACEAE : . Tillandsia Leiboldiana, Mexico. Tillandsia sp., Costa Rica. TypE LocaLity: Costa Rica, on Tillandsia sp. DISTRIBUTION : Mexico and Costa Rica. 12 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 24. Ustilago olivacea (DC.) Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 88. 1847. Uredo olivacea DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 78. 1815. Ustilago caricicola Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 493. 1899. (Type from Mississippi, on Carex folliculaia.) Sori in occasional ovaries, often at first more or less concealed by perigynium, forming rounded bodies 2-6mm. in diameter, at first with firmly agglutinated spore-mass but finally more or less dusty, usually with conspicuous threads intermingled with the spores; spores light olive-brown, usually irregular, varying from linear to oblong or subspherical, but in some instances more regular and then chiefly subspherical or spherical, very minutely verruculose, usually 5-9 #, but the most elongate occasionally 14 w, in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Carex cladostachya (C. polystachya), Mexico. Carex folliculata australis, Mississippi. Carex turgescens, Florida. Carex utriculaia, Washington, Wisconsin. Carex sp., Mexico, Jamaica. : TYPE LOCALITY: France, on Carex riparia. DISTRIBUTION: Wisconsin to Washington, Florida, Mexico and Jamaica; also in South America, Europe, and Asia. , baa aa : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: p/. 10, f. 9-26 ; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 401: 1.3, f. i. 25. Ustilago Sieglingiae Ricker, Jour. Myc. 11: 112. 1905. Sori in ovaries, infecting all, ellipsoidal, about 2-4 mm. in length, protected by thin membrane and enveloping glumes, finally shedding the dusty dark-brown spore-mass ; spores rather uniformly colored, medium-dark reddish-brown, ellipsoidal to chiefly sub- spherical or spherical, occasionally more elongate or irregular, smooth or very minutely and obscurely echinulate, 4-6, or the most elongate 7 #, in length. ON POACEAE : Triplasis purpurea, Florida. TYPE LOCALITY: Punta Rassa, Florida, on Sieglingia purpurea ( Triplasis purpurea). DISTRIBUTION : Florida. 26. Ustilago Triplasidis Ellis & Ev.; Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 355. 1904. Sori in ovaries, ellipsoidal, about 3-4 mm. in length, protected by thin membrane, showing between the glumes of most of the spikelets; spores light reddish-brown, often lighter-colored on one side, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, usually abundantly but very minutely echinulate, 5-9 in length. On POACEAE : : Triplasis americana, Mississippi. Type Locairy: Deer Island, Biloxi, Mississippi, on 7viplasis americana. DISTRIBUTION: Mississippi. 27. Ustilago sparsa Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 86. 1897. Sori in the ovaries, ovate, usually infecting few of the spikelets, about 2-3 mm. in length, with rupture of the covering disclosing a dusty brown-black spore-mass; spores light reddish-brown, ovoid or ovate to spherical, distinctly echinulate, chiefly 6-10 in length. ON POACEAE: : Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Alabama, South Carolina. Typr LOCALITY: Auburn, Alabama, on Dactyloctentum aegyptium. DISTRIBUTION : Alabama and South Carolina. . ExsiccaTr; Rav. Fungi Am. 790; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C86. 28. Ustilago spermophora B. & C.; (Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 2098, hyponym. 1883) Sacc. Syil. Fung. 7’: 466. 1888.” Sori in the ovaries, usually infecting only a few in the spikelets, ovate, small, 1-2 mm. in length, sometimes bearing remains of unaffected part of ovary at apex, protected by a 1Zisted in Curt. Cat. Pl. N. Car. 123, in 1867. Parr 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 13 thin membrane; spores light-brown, ovoid to subspherical, usually prominently echinu- late, 8-13 x in length. ON POACEAE: Eragrostis hypnoides (E. replans), District of Columbia, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Eragrostis major, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, . Mississippi, Nebraska, New Vork, North Carolina, South Carolina, South Dakota, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY : Society Hill, South Carolina, on Poa megasiachya (Evagrostis major). ee : Connecticut to Mississippi and South Dakota; also in South America and e. a Pr emia Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: 52; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: Sd: ExXsIccaTI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1098 ; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3402 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi 207, 208 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 87; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2795. = 29. Ustilago Boutelouae Kellerm. & Swingle, Jour. Myc. 5: 13. 1889. Sori in the ovaries, 24 mm. in length, more or less concealed by the glumes but at maturity becoming evident on rupture of the covering membrane by the dusty olive-brown spore-mass; spores reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, conspicuously echinulate, 8-13 # in length. ON POACEAE: Bouteloua oligostachya, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska. TYPE LOCALITY : Manhattan, Kansas, on Bouteloua oligostachya. DISTRIBUTION : Nebraska to Oklahoma. : ILLUSTRATIONS : Jour. Myc. 5: pi. 1, f. 26-40; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 29, f. 11. EXSICCATI: Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2192 30. Ustilago Tricuspidis Ellis & Gall.; Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 135. 1902. Sori in ovaries, ellipsoidal, about 4 mm. in length, infecting an occasional spikelet and showing Between the spreading glumes; spores medium reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, rather prominently verruculo-echinulate, chiefly 8-11 # in length. ON POACEAE: Tridens seslerioides (Tricuspis seslerioides), Missouri, West Virginia. TYPE LOCALITY: Charleston, Missouri, on Triodea cuprea (Tridens sesleriotdes). DISTRIBUTION : West Virginia and Missouri. 31. Ustilago minor J. B. S. Norton, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 238. 1896. Sori on the leaves and leaf-sheaths, forming ovoid to linear pustules, 1-5 mm. or even longer, with the covering membrane at maturity becoming ruptured and the dusty black- brown spore-mass scattered; spores light to medium-dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, minutely echinulate, mostly 7-9 # in length. ON POACEAE: Bouteloua hirsuta, Kansas. ; TYPE LOCALITY: Manhattan, Kansas, on Bouteloua hirsuta. DISTRIBUTION : Kansas. . ILLUSTRATION : Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: p1. 28, f. 3, pl. 29, f.5, 22. 32. Ustilago Hieronymi Schrét.; P. Henn. Hedwigia 35: 213. 1 Au 1896. Ustilago filiferaJ. B.S. Norton, Trans. Acad, Sci. St. Louis 7: 237. 9N 1896. (Type from Kansas, on Bouleloua racemosa.) Sori in the leaves and leaf-sheaths, usually forming oblong sausage-shaped pustules, chiefly 1-5 mm. or apparently by terminal coalescence more elongate, at first firmly agglu- tinated but eventually with the thin membrane rupturing and the dusty black spore-mass becoming scattered ; spores dark reddish-brown, more or less irregularly polyhedral, occa- sionally oblong or ovoid, to subspherical, rather obscurely echinulate, 11-16 », in some specimens the most elongate rarely 20 #, in length. E: : on ie poceh curtipendulus (Bouteloua racemosa), Arizona, Kansas, Texas, tah. ) Bouteloua breviseta, New Mexico. Bouteloua bromoides, Arizona. Bouteloua eriopoda, Arizona. Bouteloua Havardii, Arizona. 14 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 Bouteloua oligosiachya, Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, New Mexico. Bouteloua polystachya, Arizona. Dasyochloa pulchella (Triodia pulchella), Arizona, Pappophorum Wrightit, Arizona. Triathera aristidoides (Bouteloua aristidoides), Arizona, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, on Bouleloua ciliata. DISTRIBUTION : Montana to Texas, Arizona and Mexico; also in South America. ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: p1. 28, f. 1-2, 4-6, pl. 29, f. 1-4, 9, 10. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 227, 217a, 218, 219, 220, 224, 227. 33. Ustilago Buchloes Ellis & Tracy, Jour. Myc. 6: 77. 1890. Sori on leaves, usually forming sausage-shaped pustules, ovoid to linear, 3-10 mm. in length, at first covered by thin grayish membrane which soon ruptures and black-brown spore-mass becomes scattered; spores dark reddish-brown, ellipsoidal to spherical or occa- sionally somewhat angled, smooth or very obscurely verruculose, 13-16 » in length. ON POACEAE: Bulbilis dactyloides (Buchloe dactyloides), Nebraska, New Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Coolidge, New Mexico, on Buchloe dactyloides (Bulbilis dactyloides). DISTRIBUTION : Nebraska and New Mexico. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 114 (8). 34, Ustilago pustulata Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 175. 1895. Sori usually in ovaries, sometimes also in stamens, forming ovate bodies about 2-4 mm. in length, occasionally on stem near nodes or at base of inflorescence and then forming more conspicuous often nodular swellings one to several centimeters in length, with dehis- cence of the thin smooth membrane disclosing a dusty olive-brown spore-mass ; spores chiefly ovoid to spherical, occasionally more irregular, usually prominently echinulate, 9-124, the most elongate rarely 15 #, in length. ON POACEAE: Panicum proliferum, Ulinois, lowa, Kansas, Mississippi, Nebraska. Panicum virgatum, Texas. TYPE LOCALITY: Starkville, Mississippi, on Panicum proliferum. DISTRIBUTION : Illinois to Nebraska, Mississippi and Texas. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 114 (2). ExsiIccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3279; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 84; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2194. 35. Ustilago sphaerogena Burrill; (Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2892; hyponym. 1887) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 7’: 468. 1888. Cintractia sphaerogena Hume, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 9: 233. 1902. Sori in ovaries, ovate, chiefly 3-6, rarely 10, mm. in length, covered with a tough hispid membrane which ruptures irregularly from apex disclosing at first an agglutinated but finally a dusty olive-brown spore-mass; spores ovoid to subspherical, prominently and sharply echinulate, chiefly 9-12 » in length. ON POACEAE: Echinochloa colona (Panicum colonum), Texas. Echinochloa Crus-galli (Panicum Crus-galii), Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Ne- braska, North Carolina; Mexico. Echinochloa Walleri (Panicum Walteri), Delaware. TYPE LOCALITY: Osborne, Illinois, on Panicum Crus-galli (Echinochloa Crus-galli). DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut to Nebraska, North Carolina, and Mexico. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot, Gaz. 19: £1. 18, f. 5-7; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f 53, Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (7). . ; ExsiccatTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1892; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 88, C 147; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 4307. There is some question whether this species is distinct from Ustilago trichophora (Link) J. Kunze reported by Kérnicke on Panicum colonum from Egypt. Thesame host has been found in this country witha smut, and a recent examination of the specimens shows it to be the same as Ustilago sphaerogena, except the sori are somewhat smaller. 36. Ustilago Crus-galli Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 175. 1895. Cintractia Seymouriana Magn. Ber. Dents. Bot. Ges. 14: 217. 1896. (Type from Wellesley, Mas- sachusetts, on Panicum Crus-galli.) Cintractia Crus-galli Magn. Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 14: 392. 1896. Sori often encircling stem at nodes or at the place of the inflorescence infecting both stem and leaves, prominent, often nodular, one to several centimeters in length, protected by Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 15 tough hispid membrane which upon rupture discloses an olive-brown dusty spore-mass ; spores ovoid to spherical, occasionally more elongate, rather bluntly echinulate or even verruculose, chiefly 10-14 » in length. On ed chinochloa Crus-galli (Panicum Crus-gaili), Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Ilinoi Massachusetts, Minnesota, Oregon, South Dakota,ditah, Washington. ere Echinochloa Walteri (Panicum Walteri), Delaware. Me TYPE LOCALITY: Salt Lake City, Utah, on Panicum Crus-galli (Echinochloa _Crus-galli). DISTRIBUTION : New England to Delaware, Utah and Washington. = a f a ita Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (6); Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 14: pl. 15, Exsiccati: Sydow, Ust. 125, 179; Vest. Micr. Rar. Sel, 324; Griff i : peer eerae eae pls ae . Sel. ; Griff. West Am. Fungi 222, 2722; 37. Ustilago heterogena P. Henn. Hedwigia 43: 155. 1904. Sori on various parts of host, most frequently at nodes of the stem, involving the axial growths and transforming them entirely or their base into a conspicuous tumor, ovate to elongate-lanceolate, often 40 by 15 mm., covered by the thick, smooth envelope of plant tissues, finally rupturing and disclosing a brown-black semi-agglutinated to dusty spore- mass; spores medium to dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, conspicuously echinulate, 10-14 uz, rarely 16 #, in length. ON POACEAE: Lepiochioa scabra T,ouisiana, TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, on Lepiochloa virgata. DISTRIBUTION : Louisiana; also in South America. 38. Ustilago Zeae (Beckm.) Unger, Einfl. Bodens 211. 1836. Lycoperdon Zeae Beckm. Hannov. Mag. 6: 1330. 1768. Uredo Zeae Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 71. 1822. Ustilago Maydis Corda, Ic. Fung. 5: 3. 1842. Ustilago Schweinitzii Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 86. 1847. Ustilago Zeae-Mays Wint.; Rab. Krypt. Fl. 1): 97. 1881. Ustilago Euchlaenae Arcang. Erb. Critt. Ital. II. 2152. 1882. (Type from Italy, on cult. £u- chlaena luxwrians.) Ustilago Mays-Zeae Magn. Deuts. Bot. Monats. 13: 50. 1895. Sori on any part of the host, usually prominent, forming irregular swellings from a few mm. to over a dm. in diameter, at first protected by a sort of false white membrane composed of plant cells and semi-gelatinized fungous threads, soon rupturing and disclos- ing a reddish-brown spore-mass ; spores ellipsoidal to spherical or rarely more irregular, prominently though rather bluntly echinulate, 8-11 u, the most elongate 15 #, in length. ON POACEAE: Euchiaena luxurians, Alabama, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Wisconsin. Zea Mays, Alabama, California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, [linois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- sissippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Okla- homa, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Utah ; Ontario; Mexico; Cuba; Porto Rico. TYPE LOCALITY: France, on Zea Mays. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of maize. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. IIL. 7: pl. 2, f. 1-17; Jour. Myc. 5: pl. 2-7, Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: £1. 2, f. 15: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: fl. 25, f. 6-13 ; Ann. Rep. Ind, Agr. Exp. Sta. 12: p/. 20-23; Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: pl. G,H, I,J, K,R3, Ti-3; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f 2,55; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 62: p/. 1-3,5,7,; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: p/. 4, f. 1-16, 11: pl. 2-5; Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 20: p/. 17; Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: pl. 12; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. Sf. 148-152. . Exsiccatr: Rav. Fungi Car. IV. 200; Rav. Fungi Am. 281; Underw. & Cook, Illustr. Fungi 55; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 7/ a-b, C97, C 98, C99, C 100 ; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 10 ; Sydow, Ust. 157 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi 99 ; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 16 ; Kellerm. & Swingle, Kan. Fungi 25. 39. Ustilago Kellermanii Clinton, sp. nov. Sori involving terminal and nodal growths (aborting the inflorescence), converting them into very elongate outbreaks, enwrapped by the leaf-sheaths but with the internal tissues shredded and mixed with the dusty brown-black spore-mass; spores dark reddish- brown, ovoid to spherical, occasionally more elongate or irregular, prominently and coarsely verruculose, chiefly 10-14 # in length. 16 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 On POACEAE : ? Buchlaena luxurians, Guatemala. Type collected near Guatemala City, March, 1906, by W. A. Kellerman (0. 5078), in a field cultivated for fodder, apparently of teosinte. The eloneae shredded outbreaks and the somewhat larger, darker- colored and coarsely verruculose spores distinguish this species from Usitlago Zeae. 40. Ustilago neglecta Niessl; Rab. Fungi Eur. 7200. 1868. Erysibe Panicorum Panici-glauci Wallr. Fl. Crypt. Germ. 2: 216. 1833. Ustilago Panici-glauct Wint.; Rab. Krypt. Fl. 11: 97. 1881 Sori in spikelets, infecting all of the spike, rn 2-3 mm. in length, enclosed by glumes, soon rupturing and disclosing a dusty dark-brown spore-mass ; spores dark-brown, usually ovoid to spherical or sometimes more elongate, prominently and abundantly echinulate, chiefly 10-14 #,in length. ON POACEAE: Chaetochloa glauca (Setaria glauca), Connecticut, [linois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio’ South Dakota, "Vermont, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY : Gratz, Austria, on Setaria glauca (Chaetochloa glauca). DISTRIBUTION : New England and New Jersey to South Dakota and Kansas; also in South America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS : Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: se 28, f. 7-8; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. #9; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 1/4 ( EXSICCATT : Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 286 ; Seym. & Merle, Econ. Fungi, 65 a-0, 65 c, C81, Barth. Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1700 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi B. 41. Ustilago Uniolae Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 56. 1887. Sori in ovaries, showing between the glumes as slightly swollen ovoid bodies, about 2-4 mm. in length, rather firm, with a semi-agglutinated or finally dusty spore-mass ; spores dark reddish-brown, oblong or ovate to spherical or occasionally angled and cesuler: OP: scurely and minutely vérruculose, 9-13 » in length. ON POACEAE : Uniola laxa (U. gracilis), Delaware, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas. TYPE LOCALITY: Texas, on Uniold gracilis (U. laxa). DISTRIBUTION : Delaware to Texas ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ, ‘Fungi C93, C 149. 42. Ustilago Eriocauli (Massee) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 137. 1902. Cintractia Eriocauli Massee, Grevillea 22: 67. 1894. Ustilago Eriocauli Clinton, Rhodora 3:82. 1901. (Type from Massachusetts, on Eriocaulon sep- tangulare.) Sori in ovaries, inconspicuous, hidden by floral envelopes, black, ovoid, distinctly two- lobed, usually 0.75 mm. long by 1 mm. wide, firm, with a tightly packed dark-olive spore- mass; spores polyhedral to subspherical or occasionally more elongate, rather prominently verruculose, 9-15 # in length. ON ERIOCAULACEAE : Eriocauion septangulare Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire. TYPE LOCALITY : Madagascar, on Eriocaulon fenestratum. DISTRIBUTION : New England; also in Madagascar. ILLUSTRATION : Rhodora 3: st, Sf. 2 ExsiccaTi : Seym. & Earle, Eeon. Fungi C68. 43. Ustilago ornata Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 175. 1895. Sori in ovaries, rather inconspicuous, showing between the glumes as ovoid bodies 1-2 mm. in length; spores brown, chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasionally ovate or ovoid, very conspicuously verrucose or echinulate, 10-14 # in length. On POACEAE: Leptochloa mucronaia, Mississippi. TYPE LOCALITY : Starkville, Mississippi, on Leplochloa mucronaia. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3340; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 542. 44. Ustilago Sporoboli Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 211. 1896. “Sori in ovaries, ovate, about 2 mm. in length, forming rather firm compact spore- masses; spores medium-dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical with prominent coarse sub- hyaline tubercles, 11-15 » in length. Par? 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE ; 17 ON POACEAE : Sporobolus ejuncidus (S. junceus), Mississippi. TYPE LOCALITY : Columbus, Mississippi, on Sporobolus junceus (S. ejuncidus). DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 45. Ustilago Vilfae Wint. Bull. Torrey Club 10: 7. 1883. Tilletia subfusca Hume, Proc. Iowa Acad, Sci. 9: 235. 1902. (‘Type from Iowa, on Sporobolus neglectus.) Sori in the inflorescence, converting it into an elongate dusty spore-mass 1-2 em. in length, at first completely hidden by the enveloping leaf-sheath ; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid or rarely oblong to spherical, often slightly angled, more or less prominently verru- culose, chiefly 12-16 », rarely 19 uw, in length. ON POACEAE : Sporobolus neglectus, lowa, Nebraska. Sporobolus vaginaefiorus, Kansas, Nebraska, Pennsylvania. ¥ ae LOCALITY: Chester County, Pennsylvania, on Vilfa vaginaeflora (Sporobolus vaginae- OvUs). DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania; Iowa to Nebraska. : EXSICCATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1093; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2197, 46. Ustilago Rabenhorstiana Kithn, Hedwigia 15: 4. 1876. Caecoma Syntherismae Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 290. 1832. (Type from North Carolina, on Syntherisma sp.) Ustilago Cesatti Fisch. de Waldh. Apergu Syst. Ust. 25, £.p. 1877. Ustilago Syntherismae Cooke, Grevillea 6: 138. 1878. Not U. Syntherismae Peck. 1875. Sori usually involving the entire inflorescence, linear-oblong, 3-5 cm. in length, at first hidden by enveloping leaf-sheaths but finally more or less visible as'a black-brown dusty mass of spores surrounding the elongate remnants of the inflorescence; spores reddish olive-brown, ovoid to spherical or occasionally somewhat angled, echinulate or verruculose, usually 10-14 » in length. ON POACEAE: td Syntherisma filiforme (Panicum filiforme), New Jersey ; Mexico (Guadalajara). Syntherisma jimbrialum (P. fimbriatum), Mexico (Guadalajara). Syntherisma humifusum (P. glabrum), Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, New Hampshire. Syntherisma sanguinale (P. sanguinale), Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia,Illinois, Indiaria, lowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minne- sota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Wisconsin. : Syntherisma (Panicum) sp., New York, South Carolina. : TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Panicum sanguinale (Syntherisma sanguinale). . DISTRIBUTION : New England to Georgia, Minnesota, and Mexico; also in Europe and Australia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 26, f. 4-5, pl. 27, f. 6-8 ; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: 4 50; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 1/4 (14); Ann. Rep. N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1898: 334, pl. 22. ; ; ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am, Fungi 287, 18909; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 63, 635, C 8, C I##, C 145 ; Rab,-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 4010 ; Sydow, Ust. 164; Rav. Fungi Am. 56. 47. Ustilago Holwayana P. Henn. Bot. Gaz. 28: 274. 1899. Sori in the inflorescence, elongate, 2 cm. or more in length, concealed by leaf-sheaths, at first covered by a thin membrane which soon ruptures disclosing a black-brown dusty spore- mass surrounding remains of inflorescence as a columella; spores medium-dark reddish- brown, ovoid to spherical or occasionally slightly angled, rather prominently echinulate, 12-16 » in length. ON POACEAE : ; . Paspalum velutinum, Mexico. . i . TyPE LOCALITY: Patzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico, on Paspalum velutinum. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico. 48. Ustilago Aegopogonis P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 267. 1898. Sori elongate-ellipsoidal, 5-10 mm. in length, enclosed in leaf-sheaths, possibly aborting the inflorescence but the dusty black spore-mass without remains of plant tissues : spores dark reddish-brown, subopaque, broadly oblong or ovate to spherical or often slightly angled, rather obscurely verruculo-echinulate, chiefly 11-14 4 in length. On POACEAE: . . Aegopogon cenchroides, Mexico. Hiularia cenchroides, Arizona. 18 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 7 TYPE LOCALITY: Near City of Mexico, Mexico, on Aegopogon cenchroides. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona and Mexico. 49. Ustilago Hilariae Ellis & Tracy, Jour. Myc. 6: 77. 1890. Uredo Hilariae Sacc, Syll, Fung. 9: 333. 1891. Sori in the inflorescence and somewhat in the enveloping leaves, usually elongate, 0.5- 1.5 em. in length, covered by a thin whitish membrane through which the dark spore- mass shows, or hidden entirely by unaltered enveloping parts; spores light reddish-brown, usually subspherical or spherical or occasionally ovoid, minutely echinulate, chiefly 13-174 in length. ON POACEAE: Hilaria Jamesii, Colorado, New Mexico. Hilaria mutica, Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY : Albuquerque, New Mexico, on Atlaria Jamesit. DISTRIBUTION: Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. 50. Ustilago Mulfordiana Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 362. 1895. Tilletia mixia Massee, Kew Bull. 1899: 145, p.p. 1899. Ustilago Festucae- tenellae P. Henn. Hedwigia Beibl. 41: 61. 1902. (Type from Mexico, on Fes- tuca tenella.) Sori in the inflorescence (often destroying only basal part) and the enveloping leaves, elongate, usually 1-2 cm. in length, covered by the thin whitish epidermis or by the less altered opaque parts; spores nearly opaque, dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical or somewhat irregular, when dry laterally compressed, rather coarsely though obscurely ver- ruculose, chiefly 12-16 #, occasionally even 18 #, in length. ON POACEAE: Festuca microstachya, Washington. Festuca oclofiora (F. tenella), Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Yah, Washington, Wyoming ; Mexico. Festuca sp., California, Idaho. TyPE LOCALITY: Near Boisé City, Idaho, on Festuca Sp. DISTRIBUTION : Montana to Washington and Mexico. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1895; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 76; Griff. West Am. Fungi 229, 2294, 230. 51. Ustilago elegans Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 292. 1902. Sori in the inflorescence, hidden by leaves and sheaths, sometimes showing through at the base, with a dusty black-brown spore-mass through which remains of the inflor- escence are distributed as slender threads; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly spherical, minutely and rather obscurely verruculose, 10-14 in diameter. ON PoacEaE: Chloris elegans, Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: Cochise, Arizona, on Chloris elegans. DISTRIBUTION : Arizona. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Torrey Club 29; 291, f 3. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 309. 52. Ustilago Dieteliana P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 268. 1898. Sori very elongate, often 1 or more dm. in length, at apex of culm, enveloped by leaves and leaf-sheaths, apparently infecting inner leaves as well as inflorescence and changing these into elongate shredded filaments scattered among the at first agglutinated but finally dusty olive-black spore-mass ; spores dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid or ovate to spherical, rather prominently verruculose, 9-14 » in length. ON POACEAE: Tripsacum dactyloides, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Near City of Mexico, Mexico, on Tripsacum dactyloides. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico. ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Ust. 252. 53. Ustilago striaeformis (Westend.) Niessl, Hedwigia 15:1. 1876. Uredo striaeformis Westend. Bull. Acad, Roy. Belg. 18?: 406. : Tilleha Debaryana Fisch. de Waldh.; Rab. Fungi Eur. 097. "i866. (Type from Europe, on Holcus mollis.) Tilletia striaeformis Oud. Bot. Zeit. 36: 441. 1878. Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 19 Ustilago washingtoniana Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 57. 1895, on tinknown grass.) (Type from Washington, Sori in leaves, rarely in the inflorescence, from short-linear often extending apparently by terminal fusion for several cm., also occasionally fusing laterally to cover most of leaf, at first covered by epidermis but this soon ruptured and dusty brown-black lines of spores becoming scattered and leaves shredded } spores usually ellipsoidal to spherical, occasion- ally irregular, prominently echinulate, chiefly 9-14 » in length. ON POACEAE: Agrostis alba vulgaris, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri. Ammophila arenaria (A. arundinacea), Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts. Elymus canadensis glaucifolius, Wisconsin. Elymus robustus, hh Elymus virginicus, Mihinois. Festuca nutans, District of Columbia. Phleum pratense, California, Illinois, Indiana_Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio,@tah/ ‘Wisconsin ; Canada. Poa annua, Massachusetts. Poa debiiis, Wisconsin. Poa pratensis, Delaware, Ilinois, lowa, Ohio, Washington. Sitanion longifolium, California. Unknown grass, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Washington. TYPE LOCALITY: Courtrai, Belgium, on Holcus lanatus. DISTRIBUTION : New England to Texas, California and Washington; Canada; alsoin Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: pl. O, R 4, S 6-7; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 57; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f 120 (2), 122; Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 7: pl. 7, f. 2-4, pL.O, f. 14-16. . ze ne id 7 Exsiccatr: Seym. & Earle, Econ, Fungi 76, 77, C89, C90, C91, C 148; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 2370; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1498 ; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 58. 54. Ustilago Calamagrostidis (Fuckel) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 138. 1902. Tilletia Calamagrostis Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 40. 1869. Soriin leaves, more rarely also in axis of inflorescence and even in spikelets, generally showing as linear striae, distinct or often more or less confluent, at first covered by epider- mis, upon rupture disclosing dusty brown-black lines of spores; spores medium to dark reddish-brown, rather irregularly oblong to spherical, usually angular, prominently verru- cose, 13-20 # in length. . ON POACEAE: Calamagrostis breviseta (C. Pickeringit), New York. Calamagrostis canadensis, Vermont. Calamagrostis canadensis acuminata, Wyoming. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Calamagrostis epigeios. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont, New York and Wyoming; also in Europe. ExsiccaTi: Griff. West Am. Fungi 228. 55. Ustilago macrospora Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. II. 7727. 1850. Tilletia serpens Karst. Fung. Fenn. 599, 1866. Tilletia aculeaia Ule, Abh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 25: 213. 1884. (Type from Berlin, Germany, on Agropyron repens.) Sori in leaves and glumes, generally showing as linear striae, but often more or less merged, at first covered by epidermis, but this rupturing and disclosing black-brown dusty lines of spores; spores medium to dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical or occa- sionally somewhat irregular and more elongate, coarsely verrucose, at circumference usually showing the projections as tinted blunt scale-like appendages, sometimes even semi- reticulate, 12-19 # in length. ON POACEAE : Agropyron repens, lowa, Massachusetts, Wisconsin. Agropyron spicatum, Oregon. Agropyron spicajumy inerme, Washington. Agropyron sp Utah] Elymus sp.,Utab) TYPE LOCALITY: France, on Bromus pinnatus. ; DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts to Washington and Utah ; also in Europe. , ExXsICcATI: Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1900 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 141. 20 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 7 56. Ustilago echinata Schrét. Abh. Schles. Ges. Abth. Nat. Med. 1869-72: 4. 1870. Ustilago verrucosa Vesterg. Jahreskat. Wiener Krypt. Tausch. 3. 1897. (Type from Sweden, on Baldingera arundinacea.) Not U. verrucosa Schrét. 1896. Ustilago Vestergreni Sacc. & Sydow ; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 14: 413, 1899. Sori in leaf-blades and sheaths, forming conspicuous elongate striae often running greater length of leaf, upon rupture forming dusty or semi-agglutinated brown-black spore- lines; spores rather dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, provided with conspicuous irregular scale-like tubercles which are rarely semi-anastomotic, chiefly 14-17 y, the most elongate rarely 19 uw, in length. ON POACEAE: Phalaris arundinacea, Nebraska, Washington. TYPE LOCALITY: Silesia, Europe, on Phalaris arundinacea. DISTRIBUTION: Nebraska and Washington ; also in Europe. 57. Ustilago Arthurii Hume, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 9: 233. 1902. adi Sd pe Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 86. 1904. (Type from Oregon, on Scolochloa fes- UCcaced. Sori in the enfolded leaves, forming linear striae chiefly on their inner surface, which soon become obliterated by the dusty reddish-brown stratum of spores filling the interior ; spores olive-brown, rather regular, chiefly subspherical or spherical, abundantly covered with conspicuous tubercles or scales, rarely very slightly anastomosing, 12.5-16 “in length. ON POACEAE : Panicularia americana (Glyceria grandis), Iowa. Scolochioa festucacea, Oregon. TYPE LOCALITY: Spirit Lake, Iowa, on Panicularia americana. DISTRIBUTION : Iowa and Oregon. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, f. 4. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 235. 58. Ustilago Heufleri Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 39. 1869. Ustilago Erythronit G. W. Clinton; Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 67. 1873. (Type from New York, on £rythronium americanum.) Usttlago Tulipae Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 11: 86. 1881. Gsiilago Ornithogali f. Erythronit De-Toni ; Sacc, Syll. Fung. 72: 452. 1888. Sori in leaves, forming conspicuous rounded or often elongate pustules, covered by a thin whitish membrane which upon rupture discloses a somewhat dusty black spore-mass ; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid or ovate to spherical, usually regular, thick-walled, smooth but inner wall provided with more or less evident projections extending into outer lighter-colored part, 13-22 » in length. ON LILIACEAE : Lrythronium americanum, Missouri, New. Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania. TYPE LOCALITY: Vienna, Austria, on 7ulipa sylvestris. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Missouri; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 401: p/. 3, f. 29. ExsiccaTi: Shear, N. Y. Fungi &; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1095; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 471, Rab, Fungi Eur. 4207. 59. Ustilago Vaillantii Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 90. 1847. Sori in anthers and other essential organs, filling the floral envelopes with a dusty dark-olive mass; spores variable, golden-brown, ellipsoidal to spherical, smooth, but inner wall apparently obscurely echinulate, chiefly 7-12 in length. ON LILIACEAE : Scilla praecox (cult.), Massachusetts. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Muscari comosum. DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat, ITI. 7: p1.3, f. 15-19 ; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 6, f. 32-38 ; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40!: pl. 3, f. 10; Schrot. Beitr. Biol. PA. 2: pl. 12,f. 4. 60. Ustilago Oxalidis Ellis & Tracy, Jour. Myc. 6: 77. 1890. Sori in the seeds, inconspicuous (affected ovaries scarcely differing from the normal except on dehiscence showing more or less of the seeds changed into reddish-brown dusty Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 21 spore-masses slightly larger than the uninfected seeds); spores golden-yellow, chiefly ovoid to spherical, occasionally more elongate or irregular, coarsely verrucose, 13-20” in length ; conidia produced in anthers, inconspicuous, ovoid to subspherical, hyaline, thin- walled. ON OXALIDAGEAE : Oxalis stricta, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri, New York Wisconsin. , TYPE LOCALITY : Starkville, Mississippi, on Oxalis stricta. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut to Wisconsin, Kansas and Mississippi; also in South America. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist..Surv.5: f. 3, 4. Exsiccatl: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2424; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 470; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. #007; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C79, C 80. 61. Ustilago vinosa (Berk.) Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 96. 1847. Uredo vinosa Berk.; Tul. loc. cit., as synonym. Sori in the essential organs, forming purplish dusty spore-masses usually enwrapped as a somewhat swollen body by the perianth; spores very pale-violet, ovoid to spherical or occasionally slightly irregular, thick-walled, ridged with very small reticulations (14 or less in diameter), chiefly 7-10 » in length. ON POLYGONACEAE : Oxyria digyna, California, Washington ; Alaska; Greenland. Oxyria sp., Wyoming. TYPE LOCALITY: Scotland, on Oxyria reniformis. DISTRIBUTION: Greenland, Wyoming, California, Washington and Alaska; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: p1. 8, f. 3-15. 62. Ustilago violacea (Pers.) Fuckel, Jahrb. Ver. Nat. Nass. 15: 21. 1861. Uredo violacea Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 57. 1797. Ustilago antherarum Fries, Syst. Myc. 3: 518. 1832. Sori inconspicuous, filling swollen anthers, soon rupturing and disclosing violet-col- ored dusty mass of spores; spores pale-lilac to almost hyaline, ovoid to spherical, occasion- ally somewhat irregular, with rather conspicuous spore-wall covered with numerous minute reticulations (1 » or less in diameter), chiefly 5.5-8.5 » in length. On CARYOPHYLLACEAE : > Alsine borealis (Stellaria borealis), Greenland. Arenaria groeniandica, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont. Cerastium maximum, Alaska. Lychnis sp., Minnesota. : ; Moehringia laterifiora (Arenaria laterifiora), Minnesota, Wisconsin. Moehringia lateriflora glabrescens (Arenaria latertflora glabrescens), Washington. Silene acaulis, New Hampshire. . Silene Lyalitt (S. Douglasti Macounit), Montana. Silene multicaulis, Washington. Silene telonensis, Wyoming. Silene Watsont, California, Washington. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Silene nutans. ; ; DISTRIBUTION : New England to California, Alaska, and Greenland; also in South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 1.4, f. 12-19, pl. 5, f. 23; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: pi. 1; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40!: pl. 3, /. 17; Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 7: pl. 12, f. 1-26; Trans. Wisc. Acad. 12: pl. 8-9, f. 8-22. Ustilago violacea major Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 139. 1902. Spores deeper violet and chiefly 7- 12in length. ON CARYOPHYLLACEAE: Silene Waisoni, Mt. Rainier, Washington. 63. Ustilago Gayophyti Hark. Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 36. 1884. Sori in seeds, upon dehiscence of ovary showing as small somewhat dusty purple-black masses ; spores rather dark-purple, ovoid or ovate to spherical, provided with small reticu- lations (about 1 » in depth and width), chiefly 12-18 » in length. ON ONAGRACEAE: Gayophytum caesium, Wt Gayophytum lasiospermum, Oregon. | : Gayophytum ramosissimum, California, Oregon, Ciak> _ TYPE LOCALITY: Summit, Placer County, California, Gayophytum ramosissimum. DISTRIBUTION: Utah, California and Oregon. 22 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 7 64. Ustilago Calandriniae Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 378. 1904. Sori in the flowers, enclosed by the floral envelopes, about 3 or 4 mm. in diameter, forming a purplish-black dusty spore-mass ; spores dark reddish-purple, ovoid to subspherical or spherical, regularly and rather minutely reticulately winged (with reticulations about 1.5-2 » wide and 1-2 » high), 13.5-17 » in length. ON PORTULACACEAE : Calandrinia Breweri, California. Calandrinia Menziesii, California, TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Barbara, California, on Calandrinia Breweri. DISTRIBUTION : California. 65. Ustilago anomala J. Kunze (Fungi Sel. Exs. 23; hyponym. 1877); Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 1': 100. 1881. Usitlago pallida Schrot.; Fisch. de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 30. My 1877. (Type from Germany, on Polygonum Convolvulus.) Not U. pallida Korn. Mr 1877. Sori in ovaries or essential organs, the infected parts often remaining distinct; 2-3 mm. in length, protected by the perianth, forming a dusty purplish spore-mass; spores light- violet, chiefly ovoid to spherical or occasionally somewhat irregular, with rather fine reticu- lations (chiefly 1-3 » wide by 1 # deep), 10-15 », rarely 17 #, in length. ON POLYGONACEAE : Tiniaria cilinodts (Polygonum cilinode), Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont. Tiniaria Convolvulus (Polygonum Convolvulus), Wlinois. Tiniaria scandens (Polygonum scandens, P. dumetorum scandens), Connecticut, Delaware, Indiana, Missouri, Vermont, West Virginia. TYPE LOCALITY: Saxony, on Polygonum dumetorum (Tiniaria dumetorum). DISTRIBUTION : New England to Delaware and Missouri; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 8, f. 10-12. EXSICCATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1094; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 364, C 63, C 134. 66. Ustilago utriculosa (Nees) Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 102. 1847. Caeoma utriculosum Nees, Syst. Pilze 1: 14. 1817. Sori in ovaries and probably in stamens, protected by floral envelopes, ovate, about 3-4 mm. in length, forming a dusty purplish spore-mass; spores violet, chiefly subspheri- cal or spherical, with prominent winged reticulations (2-4 » wide by about 1.5 » deep), chiefly 9-14 # in diameter. ON POLYGONACEAE : Persicaria amphibia (Polygonum amphibium), Indiana, Pennsylvania. Persicaria Careyi (Polygonum Careyi), Maine. Persicaria Hydvopiper (Polygonum Hydropiper), Alabama, Connecticut, Iowa. Persicaria hydropiperoides (Polygonum hydropiperoides), Connecticut, Mississippi, Ver- mont, Wisconsin. Persicaria incarnata (Polygonum incarnatum, P. lapathifolium incarnatum), Illinois, Iowa. Persicaria lapathifolia (Polygonum lapathifolium), Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois. . Persicaria pennsylvanica (Polygonum pennsylvanicum), Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hamp- shire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Persicaria punctata (Polygonum punctatum, P. acre), Ulinois, Kansas, Mississippi. Persicavia (Polygonum) sp., Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Washington ; Mexico. Polygonum aviculare, California. Polygonum erectum, Mississippi. ? Tracaulon sagitiatum (Polygonum sagitiatum), New York. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Polygonum sp. : ; : DISTRIBUTION: New England to Alabama, Mexico, and Washington ; also in South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. : ILLUSTRATIONS : Nees, loc. cit. pl. 1, f.6; Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 7: pl. 4, f. 2-6; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: age 21, 54; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 8, f. 42-48 ; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 401: £2. 3, f. 19. ; : a ie N, Am. Fungi 288; Shear, N. Y. Fungi &¢; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi, 376 a-b, C 94, C95, C9, C 150; Rab.-Wint,-Paz. Fungi Eur, 3905 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 72, 1798, 2196 ; Sydow, Ust. 258. Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 23 67. Ustilago Rumicis (Berk.) Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 380. 1904, Ustilago utriculosa Rumicis Berk, Grevillea 3: 59. 1874. Sori in flowers of the inflorescence and involving the floral axes as well, forming pur- plish dusty spore-masses; spores medium-to rather dark-purple, chiefly ovoid to spherical, with more or less prominently winged reticalations (chiefly 1 # deep by 1-3 # wide), mostly 11-16 u in length. ON POLYGONACEAE: Rumex Acetosella, South Carolina. Rumex hastatulus, Alabama. TYPE LOcaLiTy: Santee Canal, South Carolina, on Rumex Acetosella. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina and Alabama. 68. Ustilago Parlatorei Fisch. de Waldh. Hedwigia 15: 177. 1876. Sori in stems, petioles and midribs, often extensive and causing more or less distortion and swelling of infected parts, upon rupture of enclosing tissues disclosing dark-violet dusty spore-mass ; spores violet, often with reddish tinge, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical though rarely more irregular or elongate, with numerous rather regular reticu- lations (about 2 « wide and 1-2 # deep), chiefly 12-16 win length. ON POLYGONACEAE: Rumex altissimus, Illinois. Rumex Britannica, Missouri, Nebraska. Rumex mexicanus, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY : Near Moscow, Russia, on Rumex maritimus. DISTRIBUTION : Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, and Mexico ; also in South America and Europe. i EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 270/; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 4009; Sydow, Ust. 69. Ustilago Koenigiae Rostr. Medd. Grenland 3: 532. 1888. Sori on stems and sometimes on leaves, forming subspherical to linear pustules, upon rupture disclosing somewhat dusty purplish spore-mass; spores very light-violet, irregular, oblong to spherical, apparently smooth but under an immersion lens showing very minute oblique striae, chiefly 6-9 », the most elongate rarely 12 u, in length. ON POLYGONACEAE : Macounastrum islandicum (Koenigia islandica), Greenland. : TYPE LOCALITY: Greenland, on Koenigia tslandica (Macounastrum islandicum). DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 70. Ustilago Piperii Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 382. 1904. Sori forming pustules on under side of leaves, several mm. in diameter though usually more or less completely confluent, often confined to the margin, upon rupture of thin covering membrane showing dusty dark-purple spore-mass; spores reddish-purple, ovate or ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasionally more irregular, minutely and usually obliquely striate, chiefly 7-10, or irregular ones occasionally 12 4, in length. ON POLYGONACEAE: | , . Polygonum Davisiae, eiitem td " Polygonum phytolaccaefolium, Idaho. ; TYPE a Mountain, Bitter Root Mountains, Shoshone County, Idaho, on foly- gonum phytolaccacfolium. . . DISTRIBUTION : Idaho and California. 71. Ustilago punctata Clinton, sp. nov. Sori in the inflorescence more or lessinvolving the whole or confined to the individual flowers and enwrapped by the floral envelopes, rarely developing pustules on the floral leaves, forming a black-purple dusty spore-mass ; spores dark-purple (immature ones often hyaline or tinted), rather irregular, often adhering together somewhat, ovoid to subspherical or not infrequently flattened and irregularly elongate, appearing smooth but under high powers or an immersion lens usually showing very minutely punctate-reticulate, chiefly 13-17 #, the most elongate rarely 19 #, in length. 24 NORTH. AMERICAN FLORA (VoLumE 7 ON POLYGONACEAE: Polygonum Newberryi, Washington. Type collected on Polygonum Newberryi, Mt. Paddo, Washington, at an altitude of about 2200 m., by W. N. Suksdorf, September, 1904. Its distinguishing character is the punctate-reticu- lations of the spores that require very high powers for their detection. 72. Ustilago Bistortarum (DC.) Korn. Hedwigia 16: 38. 1877. Uvredo Bistortarum DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 76. 1815. Uredo Bistortarum pustulata DC, Fl. Fr. 6: 76. 1815. Uredo Bistortarum marginalis DC. Fl. Fr, 6: 76. 1815. Tilletia bullaia Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 40. 1869. Sori in leaves, either in pustules 2-5 mm. in diameter scattered over the surface or in a continuous line closely following the margin, purplish, rupturing usually only on oneside of leaf ; spores light- to dark-purple, ovoid or ovate to usually chiefly subspherical or spher- ical, occasionally somewhat angled or irregularly elongate, thick-walled, granular to minutely verruculose, chiefly 13-17 », the most elongate rarely 19 » or even 22 #, in length. ON POLYGONACEAE : Bistorta bistortoides (Polygonum bistortoides), Washington. Bistorta vivipara (Polygonum viviparum), Colorado, Wyoming; Alaska; Greenland. TYPE LOCALITY: Alps and Pyrenees, Europe, on Polygonum Bistorta (Bistorta major). DISTRIBUTION: Colorado to Alaska and Greenland; also in Europe. yf Pi eam E. & P. Nat. Pal, 1": 11, 4 7, Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: £/. 8, ExsiccaTi: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2502. Ustilago Bistortarum inflorescentiae Trel. Harriman Alaska Exp. Crypt. Bot. 35. 1904. Soriin the flowers, infecting all, enwrapped by floral envelopes, forming a dusty dark-purple spore-mass ; spores chiefly dark-purple when mature, rather irregular, ovoid to spherical, often angled or some- -what flattened, often apparently smooth but minutely granular verruculose, chiefly 10-14 y», the most elongate rarely even 174, in length. ON PoLyGonackar: Bistorta vivipara (Polygonum viviparum), Wyoming ; Alaska; Greenland. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 223. . Rostrup reported this variety from Greenland and Griffiths from Wyoming as Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis. Jt has close resemblance to that species. DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Sporophaga cyanea (Ces.) Hark. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. III. Bot. 1: 281. 1899. (Ustilago cyanea Ces.; Hark. loc. cit.as a synonym.) =? Chytridinales. Ustilago Avenariae Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 362. 1895. On Avrenaria con- gesta, Extraneous spores. Ustilago Ficuum Reichardt, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 17: 335. 1867. On market figs, Ficus Carica, = Sterigmatocystis. Ustilago Fischeri Pass. Bull. Agr.Com. Parm. N 1877. On Zea Mays. == Sterigma- tocystis. Ustilago flavo-nigrescens B. & C. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 358, 1868. On Scleria sp. Sclerotium of Ustilaginoidea. Ustilago Gynerii Vize, Grevillea 5: 110. 1877. On Gynerium argeniteum. = Gym- nosporium. — Ustilago Osmundae Peck, Bot. Gaz. 6: 276. 1881. On Osmunda regalis. ? Hypho- mycete. Ustilago Phoenicis Corda, Ic. Fung. 4: 9. 1840. On market dates, Phoenix dac- tylifera. = Sterigmatocystis. Ustilago strumosa Cooke, Grevillea 9:98. 1881. On Chusquea abietifolia. Sclero- tium of Ustilaginoidea. Ustilago viridis Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 56. 1887. On Sefarvia sp. Sclerotium of Ustilaginoidea. 2. SPHACELOTHECA DeBary, Verg. Morph. Biol. Pilze 187. 1884. Sporisorium Ehrenb. ; Link, in Willd. Sp. Pl. 62: 86. 1825. Endothlaspis Sor. Rev. Mye. 12: 4. 1890. Sori usually in the inflorescence, often limited to the ovaries, provided with a definite (more or less temporary) false membrane covering a dusty spore-mass and a central colu- mella (usually chiefly of plant tissues); false membrane composed largely or entirely of definite sterile fungous cells which are hyaline or slightly tinted, oblong to spherical, and usually more or less firmly bound together; spores single, usually reddish-brown, de- Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 25 veloped in a somewhat centripetal manner as in Cintractia, small to medium in size; germination as in Ustilago. Type, Uredo Hydropiperis Schum. Spores olive- or reddish-brown. Sori in ovaries. (Often at base of spike in no. 4.) Spores 5-8 in length, smooth. 1S Spores chiefly 8-12 in length. Spores apparently smooth. Sori linear. Host : Andropogon. Host: Sorghasirum (Chrysopogon). Sori oblong to ovate. Spores minutely verruculose. Host: Heteropogon (Andropogon). Host: Echinochloa, Syntherisma, Panicum. Host: Chaetochloa (Setaria). Spores chiefly 12-17 in length, Sori involving or aborting the entire inflorescence. Sori linear to oblong. Sori 10-30 mm. in length. . Sorghi. . Seymouriana. . Chrysopogonis. . Nealit. . montlifera, . diplospora, . pamparum., . occidentalis. SNAA AWN nnn Ninn Spores 7-10 in length. 9. S. Lschaemi, Spores 12-15 in length. Host: Muhlenbergia. 13. S. montaniensis. _ Host: Eragrostis. 14, S. strangulans. Sori 40-150 mm. in length. Spores 6-8» in length. 11. S. Panici-leucophaet. Spores 7-10, in length. 10. S. Paspali-notati. Spores 9-13 1 in length. 12. S. Andropogonis-hirtifoliz. Sori forming very prominent irregular masses. 15. S. Retliana, Spores lilac-tinted to purplish, 8-17 « in length. 16. S. Hydropiperis. 1. Sphacelotheca Sorghi (Link) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 140. 1902. Sporisorium Sorghi Link, in Willd. Sp. Pl. 62: 86. 1825. Lilletia Sorghi-vulgaris Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 116. 1847. Ustilago Sorghi Pass. ; Thiim. Hedwigia 12: 114. 1873. Usiitlago Tulasmei Kiihn, Ber. Sitz. Nat. Ges. Halle 1874: 5. 1874. Cintractta Sorghi-vulgaris Clinton, Bull, ll. Agr. Exp. Sta. 47: 404. 1897. Sori usually in the ovaries or the essential organs, forming oblong to ovate bodies 3-12 mm. in length, rarely fusing the very young spikelets into irregular forms, protected for some time by a false membrane but upon rupture the olive-brown spore-mass becoming scattered, leaving naked the distinct columella of plant tissue; sterile cells of membrane breaking up somewhat into groups, hyaline, oblong to subspherical, chiefly 7-18 » in length ; spores subspherical to spherical, smooth, contents often granular, 5.5-8.5 4 in diameter. ON POACEAE: Sorghum halepense, Cuba. . . . a F Sorghum vulgare, Alabama, California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wis- consin; Ontario ; Jamaica; Cuba. TYPE LOCALITY: Egypt, on Sorghum vulgare. : . ; DISTRIBUTION : New England and Ontario to California, Alabama, Jamaica and Cuba; also in Europe, Asia and Africa. . . ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci, Nat. III. 7: 1.5, f. 17-22; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 25, f. 1-5; Bull, Il. Agr. Exp. Sta. 47: pl. 1-5; 57: pl. E, M,N, R1, U; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: 7.5, 24, 26,38; E. & P. Nat. Pl. U**#: 9, 5, D, £; Flora 83: pl. 3, 7.8; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pi. 7, 7. 19-22; Bull. Kan, Agr. Exp. Sta. 23: i. 2; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 42: 37, f. a~e. . . . ; : Exsiccatr: Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 47; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 7496 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 982, 1483 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 545, C 46, C47, C48; Sydow, Ust. 117; Griff. West Am. Fungi 277. 2. Sphacelotheca Seymouriana Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 387. 1904. Sori in ovaries, forming linear bodies 4-7 mm. long, or about the length of the glumes between which they extend, rupturing from apex and disclosing a distinct columella and somewhat agglutinate spore-mass ; sterile cells hyaline, with those of the interior often in groups, chiefly subspherical, with those forming the membrane more irregular and adhering more permanently, about the size of the spores ; spores light-brown, often with pitted con- 26 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 tents, apparently smooth, chiefly subspherical or slightly polyhedral, occasionally ovate or ovoid, 7-12 # in length. ON POACEAE : Andropogon virginicus, Alabama, North Carolina. Andropogon sp., Georgia. . TYPE LOCALITY: Auburn, Alabama, on Andropogon virginicus. DISTRIBUTION : North Carolina, Georgia and Alabama. ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Ust. 189; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 531, C 122. 3. Sphacelotheca Chrysopogonis Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 387. 1904. Sori usually in all the ovaries of the panicle, linear-oblong, about 3-5 mm. in length, showing between the spreading glumes, with sterile membranes as well as the semi-agglu- tinated black-brown spore-mass gradually wearing away, leaving behind the small but evi- dent columella ; sterile cells hyaline, often separating into groups, subspherical, averaging slightly larger than the spores; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical, occa- sionally angled, often with punctate contents, apparently smooth, chiefly 8-11 u in length. ON POACEAE: Sorghastrum nutans (Chrysopogon nutans), Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Chapala, Mexico, on Chrysopogon nutans (Sorghastrum nutans). DISTRIBUTION: Mexico. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 118. 4, Sphacelotheca Nealii (Ellis & And.) Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 389. 1904. Ustilago Nealii Ellis & And. Jour. Myc. 6: 116. 1891. Soriin the ovaries or spikelets, 0.5-2 cm. in length, oblong to ovate, often forming con- spicuous nodules at basal part of spike, with evident tough whitish false membrane ruptur- ing from apex and disclosing a black-brown semi-agglutinated spore-mass and a more or less evident columella; sterile cells hyaline, often adhering in groups, usually subspheri- cal and larger than spores; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical, often an- gular, usually smooth, chiefly 7-11 in length. On POACEAE: Heteropogon melanocarpus (H. acuminatus), Florida; Mexico. Type LOCALITY: Lake City, Florida, on Heleropogon melanocarpus. DISTRIBUTION: Florida and Mexico (Chapala and Guadalajara). ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 119, C 120. 5. Sphacelotheca monilifera (Ellis & Ev.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 141. 1902. Ustilago monilifera Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 362. 1895. Ustilago Andropogonis-contorti P. Henn.; Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 141, asasynonym. 1902. Sori in ovaries of the spikelets, elongate, 4-7 mm. or about the length of the glumes and often completely concealed by them, with evident false membrane that ruptures into irregular lobes and discloses a brown-black spore-mass, with evident columella; cells of false membrane adhering rather permanently, with those of the interior in loose subspherical groups, hyaline or slightly tinted, chiefly subspherical, about the diameter of the spores ; spores reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical or somewhat angled, rather minutely ver- ruculose or echinulate, 9-13 » in length. ON POACEAE : . : Heteropogon contortus (Andropogon contortus), Arizona; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Tucson, Arizona, on Heleropogon contorius. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona and Mexico ; also in Hawaii. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 215. 6. Sphacelotheca diplospora (Ellis & Ev.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 140. 1902. Ustilago diplospora Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 6: 119. 1891. Sori in the ovaries of only part of the spikelets, rather inconspicuous, showing between the spreading glumes which they rarely exceed in length, with evident false membrane that Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 27 soon ruptures and discloses an olive-black dusty spore-mass; false membrane easily sepa- rated into hyaline or slightly tinted generally subspherical cells which are also somewhat scattered in the spore-mass and are slightly larger than the spores; spores often mechanically adhering in irregular masses, reddish-brown, occasionally ovoid but chiefly subspherical or polyhedral, abundantly but minutely verruculose, 8-12 » in length. ON POACEAE: Echinochloa Crus-galli (Panicum Crus-gallt), Wlinois. Syntherisma sanguinale (P. sanguinale), Mississippi. aoe. LOCALITY: Holly Springs, Mississippi, on Panicum sanguinale (Syntherisma san- guinale). DISTRIBUTION : Illinois and Mississippi. Sphacelotheca diplospora verruculosa Clinton, var. nov. Sori apparently in all of the ovaries of the inflorescence, with rather firm false membrane of oblong to cuboidal or rarely subspherical cells; spores evidently verruculose, 9.5-13« in length. ON PoacEaE: Panicum sp., Mexico. Type col- lected at Lecheria, near City of Mexico, July, 1904, by C. G. Pringle, and communicated by E. W. D. Holway. Differs especially from the species in the larger more evidently verruculose spores. Sphacelotheca diplospora glabra Clinton & Ricker, var. nov. Sori apparently in all of the ovaries of the inflorescence; spores slightly tinted to reddish-brown, apparently smooth (under an immersion rarely some of the darker-colored obscurely verruculose), 8-11 in length. ON Poa- CEAE: Panicum rottboellioides, Cuba. Type collected at Herradura, Cuba, March 16, 1906, by A. S. Hitchcock. Differs from the species in the lighter-colored, smoother spores. 7. Sphacelotheca pamparum (Speg.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 140. 1902. Ustilago Setariae ‘‘ Niessl?’’, Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent.10:5. 1880. Not U. Setariae Niessl. Ustilago pamparum Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 17: 89. 1884. Ustilago Kolaczekit Ktihn; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3401. 1886. Sori infecting all of the ovaries of the spike, extending between the glumes as oblong bodies about 3-7 mm. in length, with evident false membrane which ruptures irregularly from apex into several elongate lobes and discloses a somewhat dusty, olive-black spore- mass and an evident columella; cells of false membrane chiefly hyaline, oblong to sub- spherical, adhering together rather permanently, chiefly smaller than the spores; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical but chiefly polyhedral through pressure, minutely verruc- ulose, 9-12 », rarely 14 », in length. ON POACEAE : Chaetochloa imberbis (Setaria imberbis), Cuba. Chaetochloa (Setaria) sp., Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, on Se/aria glauca (Chaetochloa glauca), DISTRIBUTION : Mexico; Cuba; also in South America and Europe. ExsiccaTr: Sydow, Ust. 162. 8. Sphacelotheca occidentalis (Seym.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 141. 1902. Sorosporium Ellisii occidentalis Seym,; Ell. & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2265, F 1889. Ustilago Andropogonis Kellerm. & Swingle, Jour. Myc. 5:12, Mr 1889. (Type from Kansas, on Andropogon furcatus.) Sori in the ovaries linear, usually 0.5-1 cm. or rarely longer, with prominent false mem- brane dehiscing from apex, with rather prominent columella and agglutinate or finally dusty black-brown spore-mass ; sterile cells of membrane hyaline, variable in shape and size, ad- hering together rather firmly, often somewhat obscured through semi-gelatinization but the loose groups of the interior composed of more regular subspherical cells ; spores often ad- hering together mechanically but not in spore-balls, reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, usu- ally somewhat angled, often more elongate and irregular, verruculose, chiefly 12-17 p, irregular elongate forms sometimes even 20 #, in length. N POACEAE : . operon furcatus, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota. Andropogon glomeraius (A. macrourus), California. Andropogon Hallii, Ilinois (cult.), Kansas, Nebraska. TyPE LOCALITY : Bismark, North Dakota, on Andropogon Surcatus. : : DISTRIBUTION : Illinois (on cultivated plants) ; North Dakota to Kansas and California, ; ILLUSTRATIONS: Jour. Myc. 2 : ee Fs jf. 12-25; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 26, f. 14-17 ; T. . Sta. 54: f. 1220 UZ). : . a eee Bits = Ev. i ae Fungi 2265, 2422 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 538. 9, Sphacelotheca Ischaemi (Fuckel) Clinton, Jour. Myce. 8: 140. 1902. 4 Ischaemi Fuckel, Jahrb. Ver. Nat. Nass. 15: 22. 1861. _ Uilaso Oe Peck, Bot Gaz.'7: 55. 1882. (Type from Arizona, on Andropogon sp.) Cintractia Ischaemi Sydow, Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 51: 12, 1901. 28 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 7 Sori often involving entire inflorescence, linear, usually enclosed by leaf-sheaths, about 10-30 mm. in length by 1-3 mm. wide, with false membrane soon rupturing and black-brown spore-mass becoming scattered, eventually leaving behind the naked colu- mella ; sterile cells besides forming false membrane also scattered through spore-mass in subspherical groups 25-40 in diameter, the individual cells being hyaline, subspherical, flattened where in contact, 7-18 in diameter ; spores usually ovoid to spherical, smooth or sometimes very minutely granular, 7-10 # in length. ON POACEAE: Andropogon furcatus, Kansas. Andropogon saccharoides, Mexico. Andropogon Torreyanus, Arizona, Texas. Andropogon sp., Arizona. HTeteropogon contorius (Andropogon contortus), Arizona ; Mexico. Schizachyrium scoparium (Andropogon scoparius), Ilinois. TYPE LOCALITY: Biebrich, Germany, on Andropogon Ischaemum. ee oem: Kansas, Texas, Arizona, and Mexico; also in South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: p/. 11, f. 1-2; Flora 83: fl. 3, f. 1-46; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 401: 41, 3, f. 7. ExsIccaTI: Seym. & Harle, Econ. Fungi C 44; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1783; Griff. West Am. Fungi 216, 216¢, 10. Sphacelotheca Paspali-notati (P. Henn.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 140. 1902. Ustilago Paspah-notati P. Henn.; Clinton, loc. cit. asa synonym. 1902. Sori in the inflorescence, linear, about 4-6 cm. in length, with evident false membrane gradually flaking away from apex and exposing reddish-brown dusty spore-mass surround- ing evident often forked columella; sterile cells hyaline, with those of the membrane adhering tather firmly, with loose ones in roundish clusters, usually larger than the spores ; spores light reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical or slightly angled, apparently smooth but very minutely verruculose, 7-104 in length. ON POACEAE: Paspalum notatum, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadalajara, Mexico, on Paspalum notatum. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 22. 11. Sphacelotheca Panici-leucophaei (Bref.) Clinton. Ustilago Panici-leucophaet Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: 114. 1895. . Ustilago insularis P. Henn. Hedwigia 35: 51. 1896. (Type from Brazil, on Tricholaena insularis.) Sori possibly involving the very young inflorescence but apparently chiefly in the enveloping leaves, projecting from between the leaf-sheaths as conspicuous linear bodies often 1.5 dm. in length, with the false whitish membrane flaking away, revealing the shredded longitudinal filaments of plant-tissue and the brown-black spore-mass which soon scatters; sterile cells of membrane hyaline, guttulate, separating on pressure into threads or individual cells, subspherical to oblong, 6-14 # in length; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, often slightly angled, easily collapsing, smooth or very minutely granular, chiefly 6-8 4 in length. ON POACEAE :« Trichachne insulare (Panicum leucophaeum), Cuba; Guatemala ; Jamaica ; Mexico ; Porto Rico. Trichachne saccharatum (Panicum saccharatum), Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on Panicum leucophaeum (Trichachne insulare). DISTRIBUTION : Arizona to Guatemala and Porto Rico; also in South America. ILLUSTRATION : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: £1. 6, f. #2. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C82. 12. Sphacelotheca Andropogonis-hirtifolii (P. Henn.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 141. 1902. Ustilago Andropogonis-hirtifolti P. Henn. Bot. Gaz. 28: 274, 1899. Ustilago Andropogonts-saccharoidis P. Henn.; Sydow, Ust. 251; hyponym. 1901. (Type from ‘Mexico, on Andropogon saccharoides.) ‘Sori involving the entire inflorescence, elongate, usually 5-9 cm. in length (rarely in the individual spikelets and then shorter), at first enveloped by the leaf-sheath, with promi- Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 29 nent false membrane that gradually flakes away disclosing the at first agglutinated but finally dusty olive-black spore-mass, with prominent often forked columella; sterile cells hyaline, with those of membrane adhering together rather firmly and those of interior in groups, chiefly subspherical, smaller to larger than the spores ; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, sometimes angled, often apparently smooth ba really very minutely verruculose, 9-13 « in length. ON POACEAE: Andropogon hirtifolius pubiflorus, Mexico. ‘“ Andropogon ohare Arizona ; Mexico. YPE LOCALITY: Patzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico, on Axdropo, hirtifolt , DISTRIBUTION: Arizona and Mexico. : I a ae ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Ust. 201, 251. . 13. Sphacelotheca montaniensis (Ellis & Holway) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 141. 1902. Ustilago montaniensis Ellis & Holway (; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. i : Mee, 6. 119. 1891, way (; Ellis & Ev m. Fungi 2263 ; hyponym. 1889), Jour. Sori in the inflorescence (more rarely in the individual spikelets and then smaller), usually enveloped by the leaves, elongate, chiefly 10-15 mm. in-length, protected by an evi- dent whitish false membrane, with small flattened columella; sterile cells gf membrane and interior hyaline, thick-walled, chiefly subspherical, adhering in irregular groups that are easily separated into individual cells, usually smaller than the spores; spores dark reddish- brown, chiefly ovoid to subspherical, echinulate (sometimes rather bluntly), 12-15 # in length. ON POACEAE : Muhlenbergia racemosa (M. glomerata), Montana. Muhlenbergia sp., Montana. Tyre LOCALITY: Sand Coulee, Montana, on Wuhlenbergia glomerata (M. racemosa). DISTRIBUTION: Montana. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 11¢ (16). ExsIccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2263. 14, Sphacelotheca strangulans (Issat.) Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 392. 1904. Ustilago strangulans Issat. Scripta Bot. Hort. Univ. Petrop. 5: 225. 1896. Sori in the inflorescence, forming lanceolate to linear bodies about 8-15 mm. in length, often concealed by the leaf-sheaths, covered by a conspicuous whitish false membrane, some- times with abortive remains of spikelets at the tip, upon rupture disclosing an olive-black dusty spore-mass within which is a conspicuous columella; sterile cells of membrane easily separated into single, twin, or a chain of several cells, hyaline, ovoid to subspherical, chiefly smaller than the spores; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, conspicuously verruculose, about 12-14.5 » in length. On POACEAE: Eragrostis neo-mextcana, Arizona, TYPE LOCALITY: Russia, on Eragrostis poacoides. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, /. 7. 15. Sphacelotheca Reiliana (Kiihn) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8 : 141, 1902. Ustilago Reiliana Kithn; Rab. Fungi Eur. 1998, 1875. Ustilago Reiliana {. Zeae Pass.; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2096. 1876. : Ustilago pulveracea Cooke, Grevillea 4: 115. 1876. (Type from India, on Zea Mays.) Cintractia Reiliana Clinton, Bull, IN. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: 346. 1900. Ustilago (Cintractia) Reiliana f. foliicola Kellerm. Ohio S. U. Nat.1: 9. 1900. Sori very prominent, forming irregular masses including more or less of the entire panicle, usually 5-15 cm. in length, often at first protected by the leaf-sheath, with evident whitish false membrane enclosing the black-brown spore-mass and ray-like remains of the peduncles or columellas, in time becoming ruptured and épores scattered; sterile cells besides forming membrane scattered in usually subspherical groups through the spore-mass, chiefly subspherical, 7-15 4 in diameter; spores somewhat opaque, chiefly subspherical to 30 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 spherical or occasionally ovoid or slightly angled, minutely but abundantly verruculose, 9-14 w in length. ON POACEAE: Sorghum vulgare, Winois, lowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, Ohio, Texas. Zea Mays, Kansas, Ohio. TYPE LOCALITY: Egypt, on Sorghum vulgare. a DISTRIBUTION : New Jersey to Minnesota and Texas ; also in South America, Europe, Asia and rica. ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl, 25, f. 14-18; Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: bl. O, R5; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 62: pl. 4, 6, 8-10; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: pl. 11, f. 3-7; Ohio S. U. Nat. 1: i. 2; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta, 23: pl. 3-4. EXSICCATI: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 547, C 45; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3564. 16. Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis (Schum.) DeBary, Verg. Morph. Biol. Pilze 187. 1884. : Uredo Hydropiperis Schum. Enum. Pl, Saell. 2: 234. 1803. Ustilago Candollei Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 93. 1847. Ustilago Hydropiperis Schroét. Beitr. Biol. PAl. 2: 355. 1877. Sori in ovaries, forming oblong or ovate bodies about 3-5 mm. in length, protected by floral envelopes at base, with false membrane dehiscing at apex, revealing purple-black spore-mass and more or less evident columella ; sterile cells besides forming membrane also constituting part of the columella, spore-like (often probably immature spores), hyaline or occasionally violet-tinted, easily separating into individual cells, chiefly subspherical, 6-17 »; spores purplish, broadly oblong or ovate but chiefly subspherical, minutely but abundantly verruculose, mostly 10-17 » in length. On POLYGONACEAE : Persicaria Hydropiper (Polygonum Hydropiper), Nebraska, Rhode Island. ? Persicaria Persicaria (Polygonum Persicaria), New York. : Persicaria punctata (Polygonum punctatum, P. acre), Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, fersicaria (Polygonum) sp., Missouri. Tracaulon sagitiatum (Polygonum sagittatum), Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Vermont, West Virginia. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Polygonum Hydropiper (Persicaria Hydropiper). DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina and Nebraska ; also in South America, Europe, Asia and Australia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann, Sci, Nat. III. 7: p/.3, 7. 20, 21; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: J. 6,37; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: 1.8, f. 16-25; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 401: p2. 3, f. 6; DeBary, Verg. Morph. Biol. Pilze /. 80. ExsiccaTr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 47, C 42, C #7; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 8, Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 289, 2261; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 10/8; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 236, 543. Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis borealis Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 395. 1904. Sorus very similar to that of the species with perhaps the false membrane not so prominent and with the columella more robust ; sterile cells hyaline or slightly tinted, subspherical, thick-walled, chiefly slightly larger than the spores; spores violet-purple, ovoid to spherical or occasionally more irregular, often apparently smooth but really minutely granular, chiefly 8-11» in length. ON POLYGONACEAE: Bistorta bistortoides (Polygonum bistortoides), Washington, Wyoming. 3. MELANOPSICHIUM G. Beck, Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: 122. 1894. Sori on various parts of the host, forming dark-colored, hard, firmly agglutinated and conspicuous spore-masses ; spores single, developed in irregular chambers or groups arising from a mixture of plant tissue and fungous threads, thus giving a tubercular character to the sorus, enveloped by a more or less permanent gelatinous envelope, discharging from spore-mass by absorption of water, of medium size; germination as in Ustdlago. Type, Ustilago austro-americana Speg. 1. Melanopsichium austro-americanum (Speg.) G. Beck, Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: 122. 1894. Ustilago austro-americana Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 12: 63. 1881. Sori chiefly in the inflorescence, forming more or less irregularly lobed masses arising from the fusion of the infected parts, less commonly on the leaves and then smaller, usually prominent, 2 or 3 mm. to 2cm. in length, internally somewhat nodular or tuber- cular, forming a hard, firmly agglutinated, black spore-mass mixed with plant tissues; spores oblong to chiefly subspherical, often somewhat irregular, with more or less evident Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 31 gelatinous envelope, usually rather gate rarely 17 u, in length, ON POLYGONACEAE : a ls Hydropiper (Polygonum Hydropiper), District of Columbia, Missouri. ersicaria incarnata (Polygonum incarnatum, P. lapathifolium incarnatum), Ulinois Iowa, Missouri. , Persicaria lapathifolia (Polygonum lapathifolium), California, Illinois. Persicaria pennsylvanica (Polygonum pennsylvanicum), Delaware, Illinois, Kansas, Mis- souri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Vork. Persicaria (Polygonum) sp., District of Columbia, Iowa, Missouri, New Jersey, Texas. Polygonum aviculare, California, : d ? Tovara virginiana (Polygonum virginianum), Missouri. TYPE LOCALITY : Argentina, on Polygonum acre. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Texas and California; also in South America. pl are sama Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 28, J. 9-12; Ann, Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: prominently echinulate, chiefly 10-14 4, the most elon- EXsIccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 372, C35 ; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3501; Ellis & Ev. a fae Fungi 2262 ; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1940 ys Roum. Fungi Sel. 44/6 ; Sydow, st. 202. 4. CINTRACTIA Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 279, Anthracoidea Bref. Unters, Gesammt. Myk. 12: 144, 1895. 1883. Sori on various parts of the host, often in the ovaries, forming a black usually rather firmly agglutinated spore-mass; spores single, usually of medium or large size and of reddish-black color, formed in a centripetal manner from a fertile stroma usually surround- ing a central columella of plant tissues, often freed from sorus by absorption of water ; ger- mination apparently of a modified Ustilago type. Type, Ustilago axicola Berk. Sori usually dusty at maturity. (See also no. 11.) Spores apparently smooth (rarely pitted). Spores chiefly 8-14 « in length. Spores light reddish-brown, Spores dark reddish-brown. Spores chiefly 12-19 » in length. Spores often with lateral hyaline wings. Spores under an immersion reticulately pitted. Spores apparently quite smooth, irregular. Spores with coarse scales. Sori usually rather firmly agglutinated at maturity. Sori in ovaries. Sori usually spherical or subspherical. Anwr Ap Spores with evident hyaline envelopes. 8 Spores without evident hyaline envelopes. Spores 16-20», rarely larger. 7 Spores 20-30 in length. 9 Sori chiefly ovoid, rarely subspherical. 12 Sori surrounding peduncles (rarely in inflorescence). Sori without prominent false membrane, linear. 10. Sori with prominent white fungous membrane. Sori subspherical. it, Sori oblong to linear. 13. 1. Cintractia Montagnei (Tul.) Magn. Abh. Bot. Ver. Brand. 37: 79. 1896. Ustilago Montagnei Tul. Ann. Sct. Nat. III. 7: 88. 1847. . C. externa, C. Taubertiana, . C. Hmitata, C. Montagne. . C. Psilocaryae. C. Cypert. . C, subinclusa, 1 . C. Caricts. . C. Luzulae. . C. utriculicola. C. Junci, C. axtcola, C. leucoderma. Prov. Sori in ovaries, usually rather completely hidden by the enveloping glumes, oblong to subspherical, small, powdery or less commonly firm; spores brown or black-brown, some- what compressed laterally and so showing oblong to polygonal or subcircular according to view, usually with remains of enveloping membrane showing as prominent hyaline lateral wings, minutely pitted, 12-19 w, chiefly 13-16 w, in length. ON CYPERACEAE : ; Rynchospora alba, Connecticut, Maine, New York, Vermont ; Newfoundland. Rynchospora citiaia, Florida. Rynchospora eximia, Mexico. | eee Rynchospora glomerata, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New York. Rynchospora tenuis, Mexico, — . Rynchospora sp., North Carolina, South Carolina. TYPE LocALITY: Algeria, Africa, on Schoenus (Rynchospora) sp. 32 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 DISTRIBUTION : Newfoundland and New England to Florida and Mexico; also in South America, Europe and Africa. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. IIL 7: p42. 5, f. 31; Bull. Soc, Nat. Mosc. 401: p. 3, f. 9. Exsiccatr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C7. 2. Cintractia Taubertiana (P. Henn.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 142. 1902. Ustilago Taubertiana P, Henn. Bot. Jahrb. 17: 525, 1893. Similar to C. Montagnei, except spores medium-to light-brown, usually angular, lateral wings apparently entirely lacking, usually 8-13 » in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Rynchospora alba, Massachusetts, New Jersey. Rynchospora axillaris (R. cephalaniha), Mississippi. Rynchospora cymosa, Maryland. Rynchospora fascicularis, Florida. Rynchospora inexpansa, South Carolina. Rynchospora sp., Alabama, Texas. TYPE LOCALITY: Minas Geraés, Brazil, on Rynchospora tenuis. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts to Florida and Texas; also in South America. 3. Cintractia Psilocaryae (Tracy & Earle) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 142. 1902. Ustilago Psilocaryae Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 493. 1899. Sori in ovaries, inconspicuous, hidden by giumes, in time powdery; spores dark reddish- brown, somewhat laterally compressed and so oval to circular in cross-section according to view, usually conspicuously angled, with very dark and irregularly thickened walls (often 3 #), under an immersion lens with the compressed sides showing faint reticulated appear- ance at center and pits toward the circumference, chiefly 12-15 u» in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Psilocarya nitens, Florida, Mississippi. Psilocarya scirpoides, Massachusetts, Rhode Island. TYPE LOCALITY: Horn Island, Mississippi, on Pstlocarya rynchosporoides (P. nitens). DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts and Rhode Island; Florida and Mississippi. 4. Cintractia limitata Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 399. 1904. Sori in the spikelets, infecting only part, at first concealed by the enveloping glumes but with the semi-agglutinated spore-mass finally becoming powdery and showing in the vicinity of the infected spikelets as a purplish-black powder; spores chiefly dark reddish- brown, ovate or ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasionally somewhat polyhedral, often with pitted contents, smooth, 9.5-14 # in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Cyperus ligularis, Porto Rico. TYPE LOCALITY : Mayaguez and San Juan, Porto Rico, on Cyperus ligularis. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from Porto Rico. 5. Cintractia Cyperi Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 400. 1904. Sori in the interior of the spikelets, infecting all in the head, hidden by the enveloping glumes, scarcely modifying appearance of infected parts, so that diseased heads are told from the sound only by slightly darker color, in time shedding somewhat the brown-black gran- ular spore-mass; spores reddish-brown, more or less agglutinated but easily broken up into single spores, oblong to polyhedral but chiefly irregular, apparently smooth but with epi- spore often showing darker lines due to pressure of spore-mass, 12-18 », or the most elon- gate 22 #, in length. On CYPERACEAE : Cyperus filiculmis, Connecticut. 7 TYPE LOCALITY: North Haven (sand plains), Connecticut, on Cyperus filiculmis. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut. a ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 102. 6. Cintractia subinclusa (Ko6rn.) Magn. Abh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 37: 79. 1896. Ustilago subinclusa Kérn.; Rab. Hedwigia 13: 159. 1874. Anthracoidea subinclusa Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: 146. 1895. Sori in the ovaries, often concealed by the perigynium, subspherical, about 2-4 mm. in ’ Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 33 diameter, at first agglutinated but as usually seen forming a more or less granular olive- black spore-mass; spores dark olive-brown, usually subopaque, ovoid to subspherical, occa- sionally more elongate and often somewhat angular, provided with coarse, tinted scales showing at circumference as truncate appendages, chiefly 14-19 «, the most elongate rarely 22 #, in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Carex abacta (C. Michauxiana), British America, New Brunswick. Carex lanuginosa, Nevada, Wisconsin. Carex lupulina, Wisconsin. Carex oligosperma, Newfoundland. Carex trichocarpa Deweyi, North Dakota. Carex utriculata, Nevada, Oregon, Wisconsin. Carex sp., Maine. ; TYPE LOCALITY: Dresden, Germany, on Carex riparia. DISTRIBUTION : Newfoundland to Nevada and Oregon; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: 61.9, f. 1-3. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1889; Griff. West Am. Fungi 237, 231a, 232. 7. Cintractia Caricis (Pers.) Magn. Abh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 37: 79. 1896. Uredo Caricis Pers, Syn. Fung. 225. 1801. Ustilago Caricis Ung. Einfl. Bodens 211. 1836. Ostilago urceolorum Tul. Ann. Sci, Nat. III. 7: 86. 1847. Ustilago Scirpi Kithn, Hedwigia 12: 150. 1873. Anthracoidea Caricis Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: 144. 1895. Sori in ovaries, about 3-4 mm. in diameter, at first hidden by the perigynium, then exposed as subspherical (very rarely more elongate) bodies protected by a false white mem- brane which soon wears away disclosing a black firmly agglutinated mass of spores, with distinct columella; sterile cells of membrane usually not very distinct because semigela- tinized; spores subopaque, chiefly irregularly polyhedral, occasionally subspherical, or more elongate in lateral view, granular to papiilate or sometimes indistinctly pitted, often with signs of hyaline envelope, 16-27 », chiefly 18-22 #, in length. : ON CYPERACEAE: Carex altocaulis (C. vaginaia), Maine; Labrador. Carex arctata, New Hampshire. Carex Bigelovii (C. vulgaris hyperborea), Greenland. Carex Buxbaumii (C. fusca), Pennsylvania. Carex canescens, British Columbia, Canada. Carex crintta, New York. . Carex Douglasit, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Washington. Carex elynoides, Colorado. Carex extlis, Massachusetts. Carex festiva, Alaska; British Columbia. Carex filifolia, California. Carex folliculata australis, Mississippi. Carex glareosa, Greenland. Carex Gmelini, Alaska. Carex Goodenovti (C. turfosa), Greenland. Carex incurva, Greenland. Carex invisa, British Columbia. Carex lagopina, Islands in Bering Sea. Carex limosa, Michigan, Wisconsin. Carex limosa stygia, Alaska. Carex livida, Labrador. Carex luzulaefolia, California. Carex magellanica, New York. Carex marcida, Montana. Carex monile, Vermont. Carex nardina, G Jand. Carex nigricans (Utah) — Carex obnupia, California. Carex occidentalis, Wyoming. Carex oligosperma, New York. Carex pedunculata, Maine. . . Carex Genes, Connecticut, Illinois, lowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mon- tana, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island. Carex pseudoscirpoidea, Wyoming. ? Carex Redowskyana (C. dioica), Canada. Carex rigida, Greenland, Labrador. Carex rupestris, Canada, Greenland. Carex salina, Labrador. 34 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vouume 7 Carex scirpoidea, Greenland ; Newfoundland. Carex siccata, Vermont; Canada. Carex sitchensts, California. Carex Sterilis (Cc . echinata microstachys), Vermont. Carex sterilis cephalantha (C. echinata cephalaniha), New Hampshire, New York. Carex straminiformis, California. Carex stricta, Nebraska, New York, Wisconsin. Carex tetanica, Massachusetts. Carex umbellata, Delaware, New Hampshire, New York. Carex umbellata vicina, Maine. Carex utriculata, New York. Carex varia, Ohio. Carex variabilis, Washington. Carex spp., California, Colorado, sachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Rhode Island,(Utab, Vermont, Washington, Wyoming. Elyna Bellardi (Kobresia scirpina) Greenland. Kobresia bipartita (K. caricina), . Scirpus caespitosus, Greenland. TYPE LOCALITY : Europe, on Carex montana. DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the area containing species of Carex. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: pl. 4, f. 7-10; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 8,27; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pf 9, f 4-5; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. /. 147; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 401: £1. 3, 7. 8; Mem. Acad. Sci. Bologna V. 3: 527. ; ExsiccaTi : Sydow, Ust. 173, 313, 314, 315 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi 209, 209a, 210, 211; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1090, 2259 ; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 81; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 55, C 3, C4, C5, C101; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 235, 1485. 8. Cintractia externa (Griff.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 142. 1902. Tilletia externa Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 290. 1902. Sori in the ovaries, subspherical, about 3 or 4 mm. in diameter, forming a firmly ag- glutinated black spore-mass that on absorbing moisture becomes smeared over adjacent parts, with evident small columella; spores black-brown, opaque, ovoid to spherical, smooth, provided with hyaline membranes of which the thin inner is formed by part of cell- wall and the outer by the evident remains of the fertile hypha, 17-22 « in diameter. On CYPERACEAE : Carex filifolia, Montana, Nebraska, Wyoming. TYPE LOCALITY : Burnett’s ranch, near Buffalo, Wyoming, on Carex filzfolia. DISTRIBUTION : Montana, Wyoming, and Nebraska. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 29: 291, f. J. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C2; Griff. West Am. Fungi 305. 9. Cintractia Luzulae (Sacc.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 143. 1902. Ustilago Luzulae Sacc. Myc. Ven. Spec. 73. 1873, Sori in the ovaries or occasionally extending to the base of the flowers, subspherical, about 2 mm. in diameter, usually concealed by the perianth, forming at first a firmly ag- glutinated but eventually a somewhat granular black spore-mass, with inconspicuous colu- mella; spores dark-reddish to black-brown, subopaque or opaque, compressed somewhat laterally and so appearing oblong to chiefly oval or circular according to view, usually more or less angled, apparently smooth but under an immersion showing subreticulately pitted, 20-30 # in length. ON JUNCACEAE: . ; Juncoides campestre (Luzula campestris), Indiana. TYPE LOCALITY: Italy, on Luzula Forsteri. DISTRIBUTION: Indiana; also in Europe, ILLUSTRATION: Sacc. Myc. Ven. Spec. fl. 17, f. 33, 34. 10. Cintractia Junci (Schw.) Trel. Bull. Torrey Club 12: 70. 1885. Caeoma Junci Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 290. 1832. Ustilago Junci Curt. Cat. Pl. N. Car. 123. 1867. : Ustilago Liebmanni P. Henn. Hedwigia 33: 229. 1894. (Type from Mexico, on Juncus sp., not Luzula sp., as stated.) Sori usually linear, surrounding peduncles and pedicels for more or less of their length, sotnetimes in basal parts of the flowers and even occasionally filling the ovaries, forming an agglutinated black spore-mass ; sterile cells usually not evident since inconspicuous and early evanescent; spores black-brown, subopaque, more or less agglutinated, somewhat Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 35 compressed laterally and so appearing oblong to irregularly polygonal or subcircular accord- ing to view, minutely pitted, 14-22 u in length. ON JUNCACEAE: Juncus acuminatus, Mississippi. Juncus effusus, New Jersey. Juncus tenuis, Connecticut, Illinois, lowa, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin. ; , , Juncus sp., Massachusetts, North Carolina; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, on Juncus tenuis. ee New England to Wisconsin, North Carolina, and Mexico; also in South erica. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Torrey Club 12: £1.50; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 28. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 57, C 6, C 103; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 472; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 66; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 290; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1622; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur, 2901, 11. Cintractia axicola (Berk.) Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 279. 1883. Usttlago axicola Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 200. 1852. Ustilago axicola var. Berk. Grevillea 3: 59. 1874. Ustilago Fimbristylis Thiim. Bull. Torrey Club 6: 95. 1876. (Type from Virginia, on Fimbristylis autumnalis.) Sori usually at base of peduncles or pedicels, rarely in the spikelets, usually roundish, about 3-5 mm. in diameter, at first with whitish false membrane covering the olive-black agglutinated spore-mass, but this soon disappearing and spores becoming less firmly agglu- tinated ; sterile cells usually indefinite through gelatinization of wall, cellular or somewhat thread-shaped, with little or no lumen ; spores reddish-brown, compressed laterally and so appearing oblong to subcircular according to view, often somewhat angled, smooth, 12-18 z in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Fimbristylis autumnalis, Alabama, Delaware, Mississippi, Virginia. Fimbristylis diphylla, Porto Rico. Fimbrisiylis Holwayana, Mexico. Fimbrisiylis sp., Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, San Domingo, St. Kitts. TYPE LOCALITY: San Domingo, on ‘‘some scirpoid plant”? (Fimbrisiylis sp.}. DISTRIBUTION : Delaware to Mississippi, Mexico, Costa Rica, and the West Indies. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: p15, f. 1-3. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 530 ; Sydow, Ust. 279. Cintractia axicola minor Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 143. 1902. Spores smaller, 10-13 in length. ON CYPERACEAE: Cyperus Grayti, New York; Cyperus sphacelatus, Porto Rico, EXsICcaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2427. 12. Cintractia utriculicola (P. Henn.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 143. 1902. Cintractia leucoderma {, utriculicola P. Henn. Hedwigia 34: 336. 1895. Cintractia axicola f. spicularum Juel, Bih. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 23(3): 7. 1897. Sori in ovaries, ovoid to subspherical, chiefly 3-6 mm. in length, covered by evident whitish false membrane that ruptures irregularly from the apex disclosing a semi-agglu- tinated black spore-mass ; sterile cells hyaline, chiefly subspherical, usually semigelatinized ; spores dark reddish-brown, often subopaque, with irregular lighter areas, somewhat com- pressed laterally and so appearing oblong to circular according to view, smooth, 11-16 # in length. On CYPERACEAE : . Rynchospora corymbosa (R. aurea), Porto Rico. Rynthospora sp., Mexico. . TvPE LOCALITY : Brazil, on Rynchospora gigantea. ; DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico and Mexico ; also in South America. ExsiccaT1: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 105 ; Sydow, Ust. 220. 13. Cintractia leucoderma (Berk.) P. Henn. Hedwigia 34: 335. 1895. Ustilago leucoderma Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 200. 1852. . Cintractia Krugiana Magn. Bot. Jahrb. 17: 490. 1893. (Type from Porto Rico, on Rynchospora igantea. Cin'ractia aipnis Peck, N. Y. State Mus. Bull. 67: 28. 1903. (Type from New York, on Ayn- chospora macrostachya.) Sori surrounding peduncles or pedicels or often involving base of the rachis (some- times even on stems), forming conspicuous elongate bodies 7-30 mm. in length, covered with a thick white false membrane that gradually flakes away, leaving exposed the firmly 36 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 agglutinated black spore-mass ; sterile cells more or less gelatinized, often almost in frag- ments ; spores medium to dark reddish-brown, somewhat compressed laterally and so appear- ing oblong to circular according to view, occasionally obtusely angled, at times with hyaline fragments still attached, verruculose though sometimes rather obscurely, 13-16 y, rarely 18 # or even 20 x, in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Rynchospora corniculaia, Florida, Rynchospora corniculata macrostachya (R. macrostachya), New York. Rynchospora gigantea, Porto Rico. Rynchospora Tracyi, Florida. Rynchospora sp., Mexico. ? Rynchospora, Cuba, San Domingo. TYPE LOCALITY: San Domingo, ‘‘on the sheaths of some sedge’”’ [probably Rynchospora sp.]. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Florida, Cuba, San Domingo, Porto Rico, Mexico; also from South America, Asia and Australia. ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Jahrb. 17: 490. ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Ust. 224; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 104. 5. SCHIZONELLA Schrot. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 2: 362. 1877. Sori in the leaves, forming black agglutinated spore-masses; spores in pairs, produced serially in the fertile threads, arising by internal division of a mother cell, usually becoming somewhat laxly connected by the bulging of contiguous surfaces or sometimes separating into individual cells, of medium size; germination by means of a short promycelium, the cells of which give rise to sporidia as with Ustilago. Type, Uredo melanogramma DC. 1. Schizonella melanogramma (DC.) Schrot. Beitr. Biol. Pf. 2: 352. 1877. Uredo melanogramma DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 75. 1815. Ustilago ambiens Karst. Oefv. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 292: 108. 1872. (Type from Spitzbergen.) Urocystis pusilla Cooke & Peck; Peck, Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 25: 90. 1873. (Type from New York, on Carex pennsylvanica.) Geminella melanogramma Magn, Hedwigia 14: 19. 1875. Entyloma ambiens Johans. Oefv. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 419: 160. 1885. Sori in the leaves, chiefly epiphyllous, linear, 1-2 mm., or often by terminal fusion of considerable length, forming rather permanently agglutinated black striae; spores dark reddish-brown, often with the cells becoming partially or entirely separated by the bulging of the contiguous sides, chiefly ellipsoidal to hemispherical or, when separated into cells, polyhedral to subspherical, chiefly 8-12 « in length. ON CYPERACEAE; Carez atratiforpis (C. atraia), Colorado. Carex Hoods Gate Carex laxiflora, Tilinois. Carex pennsylvanica, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Wisconsin. Carex sp., California, Colorado, Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, Oregon, Ctah, Wyoming. TyPE LOCALITY: Jura, Europe, on Carex montana. - DISTRIBUTION: New England to Oregon and California; also in South America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: /. 9,35; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 9, f. 6-12; Beitr. Biol. Pf. 2: pl. 12, f. 6. ExsiccaTi: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 928; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 297 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 56, C36, C37; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 474; Griff. West Am. Fungi 225. 6. MYKOSYRINX G. Beck, Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: 123. 1894. Sori in the interior of the pedicels and peduncles of the inflorescence, forming a double- layered fertile stroma lining these and giving rise to a dusty spore-mass which fills the hollowed organs; spores in pairs, formed from mother-cells produced singly in the ends of short hyphae, with cells eventually becoming loosely connected by bulging of contiguous surfaces; germination not known (?). Type, Uredo Cisst DC. Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 37 1. Mykosyrinx Cissi (DC.) G. Beck, Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: 123. 1894. Uredo Cissi DC. in Poir. Encycl. Meth. Bot. 8: 228, 1808. Gemunella exotica Schrét. Hedwigia 15: 135. 1876. (Type from Brazil, on Cissus secyoides.) Geminella exotica Decandollei Fisch de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 43. 1877. Schroeteria Cissi De-Toni; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 7: 501. 1888. Sori in peduncles and pedicels of the inflorescence, distorting the infected parts some- what and filling their interior with a dusty purple-black spore-mass; spores dark reddish- brown, subopaque, chiefly subspherical, spherical, or occasionally slightly angled, two- celled, with a common enveloping outer membrane which ruptures at juncture of cells allowing these to separate at their margins though still attached at the bulging centers, smooth, about 11-14 u (individual cells) in length. ON VITACEAE: Cissus acida, Porto Rico. Cissus erosa, Porto Rico. Cissus sicyotdes, Florida; Bahamas ; Jamaica; Porto Rico; San Domingo. Cissus sp., Cuba; Dominica; Mexico. ' Vitaceae, Haiti; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: San Domingo, on Cissus sicyoides. DISTRIBUTION: Florida; Mexico; West Indies; also in South America and Africa. ILLUSTRATIONS : Malpighia 13: 522-530; Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 9: £1. 2,/. 3. ExsiccatTr: Krypt. Exs. Ed. Mus. Pal. Vind. 17; Sydow, Ust. #8. 7. SOROSPORIUM Rud. Linnaea 4: 116. 1829. Sori in various parts of the host, forming dusty dark-colored spore-masses ; spore-balls composed of numerous fertile cells, often rather loosely united and frequently at maturity completely separating, of medium size; spores usually olive- or reddish-brown, of medium size; germination similar to that of Ustilago, sometimes with elongate germ-thread and no sporidia. Type, Sorosporium Saponariae Rud. Sori in the ovaries, usually small. Spore-balls quite temporary. ; Spores 6-9 » in length. 1. S. consanguineum. Spores 11-16» in length. 2. S. Eriochioae. Spore-balls rather permanent. 7 Spores 8-12 », light reddish-brown. 3. S, Everhartit, Spores 10-16, dark reddish-brown. 9. S. Rhynchosporae. Sori aborting the inflorescence, very elongate. Spore-balls composed of many spores. Spores rather thin-walled. Spores 9-13» in length. Spores chiefly smooth. Spores chiefly verruculose. Spores 12-192 in length. Spores rather thick-walled (3 2). Spore-balls of few spores, usually 6-20. S. contortum, S. Syntherismae. S. Euistt. S. provinciale. . S. granulosum. CONIA 1, Sorosporium consanguineum Ell. & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 56. 1887. Ustilago Aristidae Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 12: 35. 1885. (Type from Texas, on Aristida sp.) ? Not Sorosporium Aristidae Neger. 1896. Sori in ovaries, entirely enclosed by glumes though often somewhat visible through these; spore-balls oblong to subspherical, more or less irregular, at first firm but with age usually becoming entirely dissolved, about 80-135 # inlength ; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to subspherical but chiefly polyhedral, smooth, mostly 6-9 # in length. ON POACEAE: . ' Aristida arizonica (A. Rusbyt), Arizona. Aristida basiramea, South Dakota. ‘Aristida longiseta (A. purpurea), Nebraska. Aristida longiseta robusta, Nebraska. Aristida purpurascens, Colorado. Aristida Schiedeana, oe . ristida sp., Kansas, Texas ; Mexico. . : ; ie Apres Northern Arizona, on ‘ Aristida Rusbyi” (A. arizonica). DISTRIBUTION : South Dakota to Mexico. 38 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 f rs eagle Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: Bl. 25, f. 19-23 ; Bull, Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: EXSICCATI : Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1600; Griff. West Am. Fungi 274, 214, 2, Sorosporium Eriochloae Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 84. 1904. Sori in ovaries, oblong, about 2~3 mm. in length, more or less concealed by the envel- oping glumes, with a conspicuous whitish false membrane that ruptures in lobes from the apex disclosing a blackish somewhat agglutinated spore-mass and a small columella; sterile cells of false membrane adhering together rather firmly, chiefly cubical to 2-3 times as long as broad, occasionally more rounded; spore-balls rather irregular but chiefly ovoid to sub- spherical, soon separating into spores, usually 60-100 # in length ; spores somewhat agglu- tinated, dark reddish-brown, ovoid to subspherical or occasionally polyhedral, smooth or minutely verruculose, 11-16 # in length. ON POACEAE : Monachne punctata (Eriochloa punctata), Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: Empire Ranch, Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, on ELyriochloa punctata (Monachne punctata). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION : Bull, Torrey Club 31: 85, f. 13-J6. 3. Sorosporium Everhartii Ellis & Gall. Jour. Myc. 6: 32. 1890. Tolyposporium Everhartit Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 11"*: 14, 1897. Sori in ovaries of the spikelets, linear, about 1-2 cm. in length, with prominent false membrane dehiscing from apex into several lobes, with black-brown agglutinated spore- mass that wears away from apex disclosing the flattened columella of plant tissue 3} Spore- balls oblong to subspherical, composed of many rather firmly agglutinated spores, usually 55-125 # in length ; spores reddish-brown, inner often nearly hyaline, polyhedral or some- times ovoid to subspherical, smooth or outermost spores granular-verruculose, chiefly 8-12 » in length. ON POACEAE : Andropogon glomeratus (A. macrourus), Florida. Andropogon virginicus, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, New Jersey. Schizachyrium scoparium (A ndropogon scoparius), Alabama, Connecticut. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfield, New Jersey, on Andropogon virginicus. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut to Florida and Mississippi. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2265 (6); Sydow, Ust. 190 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 473 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 74, C 1/5; Rav. Fung. Car. II. 98. 4. Sorosporium contortum Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 83. 1904. Sori in the inflorescence, forming linear bodies often 3-5 cm. in length, with basal part concealed by leaves but apical end exposed, rupturing upon maturity and scattering the black granular spore-mass and leaving behind the prominent shredded false membrane and the filaments of plant tissue ; spore-balls opaque, ovoid to subspherical or occasionally more irregular, firm, composed of many spores, chiefly 50-90 » in length; sterile membrane composed of hyaline thick-walled cells rather firmly bound together and cubical or 2-3 times as long as broad ; spores reddish-brown, interior ones often scarcely colored, ovoid to subspherical or polyhedral, smooth or outer ones becoming obscurely verruculose, 9-13 # in length. ON POACEAE : Heteropogon contortus (Andropogon coniortus), Arizona; Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, on Andropogon contorius (Heteropogon contortus). DISTRIBUTION: Arizona and Mexico (Guadalajara). ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85. f. Z-3. ExsIccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 114. 5. Sorosporium Syntherismae (Peck) Farl.; Farl. & Seym. Host Index N. Am. Fungi 152. 1891. Ustilago Syntherismae Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 103. 1875. Sorosporium Cenchri P. Henn, Hedwigia 35: 221. 1896. (Type from Brazil, on Cenchrus echinatus.) Sori involving entire inflorescence, elongate, 3-7 cm. in length, or rarely limited to Part 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 39 individual spikelets and then shorter, protected by leaf-sheaths, provided with false mem- brane that ruptures from apex down disclosing black-brown spore-mass and shredded fila- ments of plant tissue ; sterile cells of membrane hyaline, oblong to cubical or subspherical, with tendency to adhere in filaments when separated ; spore-balls rather evanescent, vari- able in shape and size, irregularly oblong to subspherical, 40-100 » in length; spores very minutely verruculose, inner often appearing smooth, subspherical or somewhat polyhedral to occasionally more elongate, chiefly 9-13 » in length. ON POACEAE: Cenchrus echinatus, Mexico (Guadalajara). Cenchrus multifiorus, Mexico. Cenchrus tribuloides, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin. Cenchrus sp., Kansas, Texas ; Mexico. Panicum agrostoides, Missouri. Panicum capillare, Indiana, lowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Nebraska, South Dakota. Panicum hirticaulum, Arizona. Panicum proliferum, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio. Panicum sp., Kansas, Missouri. TYPE LOCALITY: New York, on Cenchrus tribuloides. " DISTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina, South Dakota, and Mexico ; also in South merica. F ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 1. 26, f. 1, 2, 6-13, pl. 27, f. I-3, 9-12; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 7,36; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 114 U, 5, 6). ExsiccaTr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 66, 398, C 39, C 40, C 116, C 117; Ellis & Hv. Fungi Columb. 646, 748, 1785, 1786 ; Sydow, Ust. 163, 348; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1890a, 2260a, 22606; Griff. West Am. Fungi J0 ; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 42. 6. Sorosporium Ellisii Wint. Hedwigia 22: 2. Ja 1883.— Bull. Torrey Club 10: 7. Ja 1883. Sori elongate, including the entire inflorescence or more rarely confined to the indi- vidual spikelets, chiefly 1-5 cm. in length, often hidden by enveloping leaf-sheaths, pro- vided with evident false membrane, within which is the black-brown dusty spore-mass ; spore-balls dark reddish-brown, subopaque, rather temporary, oblong to subspherical, chiefly 40-100 # in length ; spores somewhat irregular, oblong to chiefly subspherical or polyhedral, thick-walled (wall often irregularly thickened and lighter-colored where spores have been in contact), verruculose, chiefly 12-19 # in length. ON POACEAE : Andropogon virginicus, New Jersey. _ Aristida dicholoma, Ohio, Pennsylvania. . . a Schizachyrium scoparium (Andropogon scopartus), Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas. TYPE LocaLity: Newfield, New Jersey, on Andropogon virginicus. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut and New Jersey to Kansas. ILLUSTRATION : Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: pl. 26, f. 3, pl. 29, f. 6-8. . ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 38; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1099, 1494. 7. Sorosporium provinciale (Ellis & Gall.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 145. 1902. Sorosporium Ellisit provincialis Ellis & Gall. Jour. Myc. 6: 31. 1890. Sori in the inflorescence, linear, often 6 cm. or more in length, concealed within the leaf-sheath or upper part protruding, with false membrane that becomes lacerated exposing the black-brown granular spore-mass; spore-balls variable, apparently gradually wearing away, chiefly 50-100 or possibly even longer; spores medium-light reddish-brown though often darker in places, rather regular, ovoid to chiefly subspherical, minutely verruculose, with thick uniform cell-wall (3), 14-19 # in length. ON POACEAE: ee Pree a Andropogon furcatus, Missouri, Nebraska. ee TYPE glean eee County, Missouri, on Andropogon provinctalis (A. furcatus). DISTRIBUTION; Missouri and Nebraska. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (22). ExsrcecaT1: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2425. 8. Sorosporium granulosum Ellis & Tracy, Jour. Myc. 6: 77. 1890. Sori taking the place of the aborted inflorescence, linear, usually enclosed in the leaf- sheaths, forming an agglutinated brown-black spore-mass; spore-balls reddish- to black- 40 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 brown, usually opaque, ovoid to spherical, quite firm, composed of 6-20 or more spores, chiefly 40-80 # in length; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical or polyhedral, smooth, about 12-17 u in length. ON POACEAE: Siipa comaia, Wyoming. Stipa viridula, Colorado. TYPE LOCALITY: Trinidad, Colorado, on Stipa viridula, DISTRIBUTION : Colorado and Wyoming. 9. Sorosporium Rhynchosporae P. Henn. Hedwigia 35: 222. 1896. Sori in ovaries, completely concealed by the glumes, more or less subspherical, about lor 2mm. in length, forming a granular black spore-mass; spore-balls dark-reddish to black-brown, opaque, oblong to subspherical, more or less angular, rather firmly aggluti- nated, usually of about 6-20 spores, 25-45 uw in length; spores dark reddish-brown, oblong to spherical, with sides more or less angled, apparently smooth or obscurely verrucose, chiefly 10-16 # in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Rynchospora semiplumosa, Mississippi. TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on Rynchospora glauca. DISTRIBUTION : Mississippi ; also in South America. EXCLUDED SPECIES Sorosporium Borrichiae Ellis & Ev.; Millsp. Field Columb. Mus. Publ. Bot. 2: 16. 1900. On Borrichia argentea. = Sterigmatocystis. 8. THECAPHORA Fingerh. Linnaea 10: 230. 1835. Potkilosporium Dietel, Flora 83: 87. 1897. ‘ Sori in various parts of the host, often as indefinite masses in the floral parts or form- ing rather firm pustules on the stem, at maturity with a dusty spore-mass; spore-balls composed of fewto many fertile cells, rather permanently united, of small to medium large size; spores usually yellowish or reddish, smooth on contiguous sides but usually marked on the free surface; germination, so far as known, by means of a single sporidium at tip of the elongate septate promycelium. Type, Thecaphora hyatina Fingerh. Sori pustular, 2-5 mm., on various parts of hosts. Spore-balls of 2-6 spores. 1 Spore-balls of 15-30 spores. 6 Spore-balls of 50 or more spores. ’ Host: Boerhaavia. 7. T. tunicata. Host: Cladothrix. 8. T. Thornberi, Sori indefinite, in the inflorescence. Sori in the flower heads. Spore-balls of 2-6 spores. 2. T. Trail. Spore-balls of 7-20 spores. 3. 7. californica. Spore-balls of 40-75 spores. i T. cuneata, 5 . Ty pilulacformis. . ZT. mexicana, Sori inside bracts of staminate spikes. . T. aterrima, Sori in the seeds. . LT. deformans. 1. Thecaphora pilulaeformis B. & C. Grevillea 3: 58. 1874. Tolyposporium Davidsonii Dietel & Holway, Bot. Gaz. 19: 305. 1894. (Type from California, on fsocoma veneta ; not on Airtplex, as stated.) Poikilosporium Davidsohnii Dietel, Flora 83: 87. 1897. Poecilosporium Davidsohnit Sacc. & Sydow; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 16: 380. 1902. Sorosporitum Bigeloviae Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 295. 1902. (Type from Arizona, on Bige- lovia sp.) Sori taking the place of the aborted inflorescence or often at the base of the leaves, subspherical, small, forming firm usually clustered pustules, upon dehiscence disclosing light-colored spore-mass ; spore-balls somewhat irregular, chiefly 2-6-spored, 14-25 in length; spores yellowish, quite variable through pressure, oblong to polyhedral or often three-sided in cross-section, with contiguous sides flattened and smooth but with the curved free surface rather abundantly verruculose, chiefly 11-16» in length. On CARDUACEAE : Isocoma veneta (Bigelovia veneta), California. Isocoma (Bigelovia) sp., Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: California, on Bigelovia veneta (I{socoma veneia). Parr 1, 1906] YSTILAGINACEAR 41 DISTRIBUTION : California and Arizona. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Torrey Club 29: 295, 7.4; E. & P aes : Gaz. 19: pl. 29, f, 5-8; Flora 83> pl. 3, f td Ca, pee Renee Weare neie Keeton Exsiccatr: Griff. West Am. Fungi 399, 2. Thecaphora Trailii Cooke, Grevillea 11: 155. 1883. Thecaphora Cirsii Boud. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 3: 149. 1887. (Type from France, on Cirsium anglicum.) , Schizonella subtrifida Ellis & Ev. (N. Am. Fungi 2266 ; hyponym. 1889 Myc. 6: _(Type from Colorado, on Cirsium ochrocentrum. aes Pieper sax ee Poikilosporium Trailii Vesterg. Micr. Rar. Sel. 452. 1902. Sori apparently rather indefinite in the flower-heads causing more or less abortion and distortion, at maturity shedding out reddish or purplish-brown dusty spore-mass; spore- balls chiefly subspherical, composed of 24 or rarely 5 or 6 spores, very often separating at maturity, about 20-30” in diameter ; spores reddish-brown, usually hemispherical or three- sided or occasionally even more irregular, with contiguous sides flat and smooth, the free surface rounded and provided with more or less evident reticulations that show at circum- ference as rather prominent verruculations, chiefly 12-18 «in length. On CARDUACEAE: Carduus leiocephalus {Utah, Carduus ochrocentrus (Chitcus ochrocentrus), Colorado. TYPE LOCALITY: Scotland, on Carduus heterophyllus. DISTRIBUTION: Utah and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 3: fl. 15,7. 1. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2266. 3. Thecaphora californica (Hark.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 146. 1902. Sorosporium catifornicum Wark. Bull, Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 161. 1885. Sori rather indefinite in the flower-heads, more or less destroying the florets; spore-, balls rather firm, chiefly subspherical, composed of 7-20 spores, 22-38» in diameter ; spores light yellowish-brown, chiefly triangular to polygonal or subcircnlar in cross-section, with contiguous sides flat and smooth and’ free surfaces rounded and prominently verruculose, chiefly 11-17 # in length. ; On CARDUACEAE : Grindelia robusta, California. TYPE LOCALITY: Antioch, California, on Grindelia robusta. DISTRIBUTION : California. Exsiceati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1495 ; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3504. 4. Thecaphora cuneata (Schof.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 146. 1902. Sorosporium cuneatum Schof. Contr. Bot. Dep. Univ. Neb. 3: 48. 1892. Sorosporium Solidaginis Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1893: 156. 1893. (Type from Kansas, on Solidago missouriensis.) Sori rather indefinite in the flower-heads causing more or less abortion and distortion ; spore-balls ovoid to subspherical, rather firm, composed of numerous (chiefly 40-75) spores, 40-80 # in length; spores reddish-brown, in cross-section usually wedge-shaped, with outer free surface rounded and prominently verruculose, chiefly 14-22 » in length. ON CARDUACEAE : Grindelia squarrosa, Kansas, Nebraska. Solidago missouriensis, Kansas. TYPE LOCALITY: Lincoln, Nebraska, on Grindelia squarrosa. DISTRIBUTION : Kansas and Nebraska. ILLUSTRATION: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: p2. 27, f. 4, 5. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 065; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1282. 5. Thecaphora deformans Dur. & Mont.; Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 110. 1847. Thecaphora Lathyri Kithn; Rab, Fungi Eur. 1797, 1874. . Thecaphora affinis W.G. Schneid. (Jabresb. Schles. Ges. 52: 90; name, 1875); Fisch. de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 36. 1877. (Type from Silesia, on Astragalus Glycyphyllos.) ; Sorosportum Desmodii Peck, Bot. Gaz, 3: 35. 1878. (Type from New Jersey, on Desmodium acuminatum.) Sorosporium Astragali Peck, Bot. Gaz. 4: 218. 1879. (Type from Colorado, on Astragalus Drummondti,) : . Thecaphora Astragali Woronin ; Farl. & Seym. Host Index N. Am. Fungi 25. 1888. Thecaphora Desmodii Woronin ; Farl. & Seym. Host Index N. Am. Fungi 26. 1888. 42 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 7 Sori in the seeds, showing when the legumes are broken open as reddish-brown dusty spore-masses which have destroyed most of the seeds; spore-balls reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, rather firm, composed of 3-25 (usually 7-12) spores, chiefly 27-60 in length; spores in optical section triangular to polygonal or when free also showing irregular oblong forms, on free surface provided with usually prominent papillae that sometimes vary to spiny processes, 15-25 », chiefly 15-20 #, in length. ~ ON FABACEAE : Astragalus bisulcatus, Colorado. Astragalus Drummondit, ado, Astragalus missouriensis| Utah) Astragalus Nuttallianus, XTizona. Astragalus scopulorum, Colorado. Astragalus sp., Arizona. = Homalobus tenellus (Astragalus multifiorus), Gtak) Lotus humistratus, Arizona. ; Lotus micranthus (Hosackia parvifiora), Washington. Lupinus sp., Colorado. Meibomia grandifiora (Desmodium acuminatum), New Jersey. Meibomia nudiflora (Desmodium nudiflorum), Maryland, Pennsylvania. Trifolium triden California. Vicia americana (Utab Vicia caroliniana,; Néw York. Iype LocaLity: Mascara, Algeria, on Medicago tribuloides. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Maryland; Colorado to Washington and Arizona; also in Europe and Africa, a 5 yy ema Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: p/. 4, 7. 23; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk.5: fi. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 276; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7100, 2264; Griff. West Am. Fungi 371; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C #9, C 123. 6. Thecaphora mexicana Ellis & Ev.; Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 146. 1902. Sori on stems, prominent, forming clustered subglobose pustules each about 4 mm. in diameter, firm, upon rupture scattering dusty umber spore-mass and leaving behind the remains of the hollowed pustules; spore-balls light reddish-yellow, ovoid to spherical, com- posed of 15-30 spores separated by prominent hyaline areas that apparently widen with ma- turity, 50-90 « in length ; spores angular when young but with age becoming more rounded, irregular, oblong to polyhedral or subspherical, with distinct inner and outer coats, the latter thick and provided with prominent irregular papillae, chiefly 16-22 u, the most elongate rarely 25 #, in length. On CARDUACEAE: Guardiola platyphyltla, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, on Guardiola platyphylia. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Thecaphora tunicata Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 422. 1904. Sori in the flowers, forming subspherical bodies about 2-3 mm. in diameter, enclosed by the floral envelopes, at first firm but later shedding out the granular spore-mass; spore- balls light chestnut-brown, oblong to chiefly subspherical or spherical, composed of many spores, firmly united (at least at first), chiefly 70-100 » in length; spores subhyaline or yellowish-tinted, with free surface at least provided with a prominent deeper-colored verru- cose epispore (sometitnes even 3-6 # thick), quite irregular, chiefly oblong to subspherical, 12-18 uw, or the most elongate-clavate forms even 27 v, in length. On NYCTAGINACEAE : Boerhaavia sp., Mexico. : TYPE LOCALITY: Chihuahua, Mexico, on Boerhaavia sp. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 8. Thecaphora Thornberi Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 88. 1904. Sori in ovaries, generally clustered in the inflorescence, subspherical, about 2-5 mm. in horizontal diameter which usually slightly exceeds the vertical, upon rupture dis- closing reddish granular spore-mass ; spore-balls light chestnut-brown, ovoid to spherical, rather regular, very firm (at least when young), composed of many spores, chiefly 80-125 « in length ; outer spores at least covered with an evident light chestnut-colored membrane or exospore which is somewhat papillate or wrinkled on exposed surface, but inner spores Parr 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 43 smooth and apparently hyaline, very irregular, clavate to subspherical, 12-18 #, or the most elongate forms even 30 y, in length. ON AMARANTHACEAE : - Cladothrix lanuginosa, Arizona. ieee : Santa Rita Mountains, four miles north of Helvetia, Arizona, on Cladothrix DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, f 9, 10. 9. Thecaphora aterrima Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: 110. 1847. Sorosporium atrum Peck, Bot. Gaz.5: 35. 1880. f Col d Tolyposporium aterrimum Dietel, in EK. & P. ees ar Nae oo pe atare Matar) Sori rather indefinite, at inner base of bracts of staminate spikes, hidden from view but on removal of bracts showing as black granular spore-masses, more rarely filling the perigynia (according to Peck) ; spore-balls usually black-brown, opaque, ovoid to spherical, firm, composed of 2~12 or rarely more spores, 17-35 4, rarely 50, in length; spores dark reddish-brown, triangular, semipolygonal or semicircular in cross-section, more or less obscurely papillate on free surface, chiefly 10-16 # in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Carex adusta, Towa. Carex pennsylvanica, Colorado, Kansas. Carex sp., Iowa. TYPE LOCALITY: France, on Carex praecox. DISTRIBUTION : Iowa, Kansas and Colorado; also in Europe and Africa. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 7: pl. 4, f. 20-22 ; Mem. Acad. Sci. Bologna IV. 10 : 703. 9. TOLYPOSPORELLA Atk. Bull. Cornell Univ. 3': 16. 1897. Sori usually on the leaves, forming a black granular agglutinated coating; spore-balls variable, sometimes indefinite ; spores dark-colored, provided with a very thick, often sac- like, epispore, usually of medium size; germination by a branched septate promycelium producing single lateral sporidia. Type, Tolyposporella Chrysopogonts Atk. Sori composed of definite spore-balls. 1. TZ. Chrysopogonis. Sori composed of spores rather indefinitely agglutinated. Sori hidden on inner surface of leaf-sheaths. 2. T. Brunkii. Sori on exposed surface of leaves. 3. T. Nolinae. 1. Tolyposporella Chrysopogonis Atk. Bull. Cornell Univ. 3': 16. 1897. Sori on inner surface of leaf-sheaths by which they are concealed, forming linear more or less merged striae of black granular-agglutinated spores ; spore-balls black, opaque, more or less irregular, oblong to spherical, of many firmly agglutinated spores, 50-175 # in length ; spores dark-brown, chiefly subspherical or occasionally somewhat flattened, sur- rounded by a very prominently swollen and less deeply tinted sac-like envelope (of vari- able width and more or less sharply marked off from an inner dark thin layer), smooth, chiefly 9-12 « in diameter exclusive of the envelope. ON POACEAE : Sorghastrum avenaceum (Chrysopogon avenaceus), Nebraska. Sorghastrum nutans (Chrysopogon nutans), Alabama, Texas. Type LOCALITY: Auburn, Alabama, on Chrysopogon nutans (Sorghastrum nutans). DISTRIBUTION: Alabama and Texas. ExsiccaTi: Barth. Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1686, 2179. 2. Tolyposporella Brunkii (Ellis & Gall.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 147. 1902. Ustilago (Sorosporium ?) Brunkit Ellis & Gall. Jour. Myc. 6: 31. 14 My 1890. Ustilago apiculata Ellis & Gall.; Jennings, Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 9: 29. My 1890. Sori on inner surface of leaf-sheaths though often showing through, forming short linear striae usually so thickly placed as to become merged intoa coating of black granular spores ; spores of different stages of development (the younger smaller and light-olive, the older often opaque and olive-black), more or less agglutinated but not in definite spore-balls, chiefly subspherical or spherical, obscurely granular with rather uniformly thickened epi- spore (2-44) which often shows faint concentric layers (innermost often marked off as an apparent endospore), chiefly 10-19 # in diameter. 44 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 On PoacEAE: Andropogon argyracus (A. argenieus), Texas. Andropogon hirtifiorus pubifiorus, Mexico. Andropogon perforatus, Mexico. Andropogon saccharoides, Texas; Mexico. Andropogon saccharoides leucopogon, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: College Station, Texas, on Andropogon argenicus. DISTRIBUTION : Texas and Mexico. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 127; Sydow, Ust. 204. 3. Tolyposporella (?) Nolinae Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 426. 1904. Sori on the leaves, usually so crowded as to form a continuous and very conspicuous stratum of agglutinated black granular spores over the greater part of their surface ; spore- balls rather indefinite, often apparently of two, three, or four spores adhering in various ways and often separating into single spores; spores olive-black, oblong or ovoid to spherical, flattened where in contact, with thick smooth epispore, chiefly 11-18 » in length. ON DRACAENACEAE : Nolina microcarpa, Arizona. TYPE LOCALITY: Rincon Mountains, Arizona, on Nolina microcarpa. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 10. TOLYPOSPORIUM Woronin, Abh. Senck. Nat. Ges. 12: 577. 1882. Sori usually in the inflorescence, more especially in the ovaries, forming a granular spore-mass at maturity; spore-balls dark-colored, composed of numerous spores perma-~- nently united, of medium size ; spores bound together by ridged folds or thickenings of their outer walls, of small to medium size; germination about as in Ustilago. Type, Sorosporium Junci Schrot. Sori 2-5 mm. in length; spores polygonal or irregularly subspherical. Sori occupying only an occasional ovary. 1. ZT. bullatum. Sori usually occupying all of the ovaries. 2. T. globuligerum. Sori 1-2 mm. in length ; spores uniformly subspherical. 3. T. Eriocault. 1. Tolyposporium bullatum Schrét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 3°: 276. 1887. Sorosporium bullatum Schrot. Abh. Schles. Ges. Abth. Nat. Med. 1869-72: 6. 1870. Sori in ovaries, infecting occasional ones, ovate, about 3-5 mm. in length, covered with a thin greenish smooth membrane, upon rupture of which the black granular spore-mass be- comes scattered; spore-balls black, opaque, oblong to spherical or polyhedral, usually con- taining 100 or more firmly agglutinated spores, chiefly 50-180 # in length; spores semihya- line to light reddish-brown, covered with a thin tinted outer coat, more or less folded in ridges by which the spores are bound together and which on rupture of-spore-balls often show as spiny projections at spore-margin, usually ovoid to subspherical or polyhedral, chiefly 7-10 y, or rarely 12 #, in length. ON POACEAE : Echinochloa Crus-galli (Panicum Crus-galii), Connecticut, Illinois, lowa, Massachusetts, Nebraska, North Carolina. TYPE LOCALITY: Silesia, on Panicum Crus-galli (Echinochloa Crus-gallt). DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina and Nebraska ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS : Bot. Gaz. 19: £2. 18, f. 24, Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 10, 40; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (8); Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 9, f. 25-30; Flora 83: £1. 3, f. 13. EXSICCATI : Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 295 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C53. 2. Tolyposporium globuligerum (Berk. & Br.) Ricker, Jour. Myce. 11: 112. 1905. Thecaphora globuligera Berk. & Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. II. 1: 407. 1879. ; Testicularia Leersiae Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 275. 1883. (Type from Algeria, on Leersia Ustiingo ee Dur.; Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 274, asasynonym. 1883. Sori in ovaries, apparently infecting most of those in the inflorescence, more or less hidden by the enveloping glumes, oblong to occasionally suhglobose, about 2 or 3 mm. in length, covered by a rather thick smooth membrane that upon rupture discloses the black granular spore-mass; spore-balls opaque, composed of many spores, variable, chiefly ovoid Parr 1, 1906] USTILAGINACEAE 45 to subspherical, 85-200 # in length; spores tinted, with darker reddish-brown folds of outer coat showing as ridges or reticulations, or upon rupture as blunt processes or spine- like projections, chiefly irregularly polygonal or subglobose, 7.5-10 #, rarely longer. ON POACEAE: Hlomalocenchrus hexandrus (Leersia hexandra), Alabama, Texas. TYPE LOCALITY: Brisbane, Australia, on Leersia hexandra (Homalocenchrus hexandrus). (Type from Kew examined.) DISTRIBUTION : Alabama and Texas ; also in South America, Africa and Australia. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: pl. 14, f. 6-10. 3. Tolyposporium Eriocauli Clinton, Rhodora 3: 82. 1901. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, somewhat two-lobed, 1-2 mm. in length, very inconspicuous in the infected heads, covered by a grayish membrane which on rupture discloses the granular spore-mass; spore-balls black, perfectly opaque, irregularly oblong to subspherical, fre- quently somewhat angled, firm, composed of many spores, chiefly 65-200 » in length ; spores light-colored, subspherical to spherical, adhering together by dark folds of their outer membrane which on rupture of balls show as reticulations or spine-like processes or even become entirely detached, 8-11 » in diameter exclusive of processes. ON ERIOCAULACEAE : Eriocaulon sepiangulare, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire. TYPE LOCALITY: Ellis, Massachusetts, on Lriocaulon seplangulare. DISTRIBUTION : New England. ILLUSTRATION : Rhodora 3: 80, f 7. ExsiccaTr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C54. 11. TESTICULARIA Klotzsch, Linnaea 7: 202. 1832. Milleria Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 40. 1879. Not Milleria L. 1753. Sori in the inflorescence, possibly limited to the ovaries, forming a conspicuous agglu- tinated mass of spore-balls, provided with an evident false membrane; spore-balls composed of an external layer of fertile cells within which is a central mass of sterile parenchymatous cells, of large size; spores dark-colored, apparently at length dehiscing, of medium size ; germination unknown. Type, Testicularia Cyperit Klotzsch. 1. Testicularia Cyperi Klotzsch, Linnaea 7: 202. 1832. Milleria herbatica Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 40. 1879. (Type from New York, on Rynchospora macrostachya.) Sori at the base of the spikelets of the inflorescence, apparently in the ovaries, one to several, forming conspicuous ovoid to subspherical tumors about 5-15 mm. in length, covered with a thick whitish false membrane that ruptures irregularly at apex and discloses a usually firmly agglutinated black granular mass of spore-balls; sterile cells of false membrane hyaline, chiefly subspherical, rather firmly bound together, about 11-17 » in diameter, often semigelatinized ; spore-balls black, chiefly ovoid to subspherical, composed of a superficial layer of numerous spores and an internal mass of thin-walled semihyaline or brownish sterile cells averaging slightly smaller than the spores, 160-375 # in length; spores with very thick opaque wall having lighter-colored reddish-brown central part, chiefly ovoid to spherical, smooth or slightly granular, 13-16 4 in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Rynchospora corniculata macrostachya (R. macrostachya), New York. Type LOCALITY: North erat on ¢ pees DISTRIBUTION : Wading River, New York. : ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: pl. 14, f. 1-5; Linnaea 7: pl. 9, A. ExsiccaT1: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 80. Family 2. TILLETIACEAE By GEORGE PERKINS CLINTON Sori either forming dusty erumpent spore-masses or else permanently im- bedded in the tissues. Germination by means of a short promycelium which usually gives rise to a terminal cluster of elongate sporidia that, with or with- out fusing in pairs, produce similar or dissimilar secondary sporidia or germi- nate directly into infection-threads. Spores single. Sori dusty at maturity. Spores without a conspicuous hyaline appendage. 1. TILLETIA. Spores with an elongate hyaline appendage. 2. NEOVOSSIA. Sori permanently imbedded in the tissues. 5. ENTYLOMA. Spores in balls. « Sori dusty; spore-balls with sterile cortex. 4. URocYSTIS. Sori rather permanently embedded in tissues. Spore-balls without sterile cortex. Spore-balls consisting entirely of dark-colored spores. 3, TUBURCINIA, Spore-balls consisting of light-colored spores. Spore-balls with or without central sterile cells. 6. BURRILLIA, Spore-balls with central network of filaments. 8. TRacya. Spore-balls with sterile cortex. 7, DOASSANSIA. 1. TILLETIA Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. IIT. 7: 112. 1847. Sori in various parts of the hosts, usually in the ovaries, forming a dusty spore-mass ; spores single, usually formed singly in the ends of the mycelial threads that disappear more or less completely through gelatinization, of medium to large size; germination usually by a short promycelium which bears a terminal cluster of elongate sporidia that with or without fusing in pairs may, in nutrient solutions, give rise to a considerable mycelium bearing secondary air-sporidia. Type, Uredo Caries DC. Spores smooth. 1. T. foetens. Spores reticulate. Sori 5-8 mm. in length. ae Spores 16-22 in length. 2. 1. Tritict, Spores 23-28 » in length. 3. T. Elymi. Sori 3-5 mm. in length. Sterile cells chiefly thin-walled ; smaller than spores. . : Spores 28-34 » in length. 5. I. Muhlenbergiae. Spores chiefly 25-30 » in length. 4. T. Anthoxanthi, Spores chiefly 20-25 » in length. 8. 7. fusca. Sterile cells with very thick walls (3-6); larger than spores. 10. 7. Redfieldiae. Sori 1 or 2 mm. in length. Sterile cells chiefly thin-walled ; smaller than spores. Spores chiefly 25-304 in length. . Reticulations chiefly cerebriform. 6. T. cerebrina, Reticulations polygonal. 7. T. Atrae. Spores 17-25 in length. 9. T. montana. Sterile cells very thick-walled (3-84) ; larger than spores. ll. 7. asperifolia. Spores apparently verruculose. . 12, 7. Maclagani. Spores with prominent tubercles, spines or scales. . Sori in the culms. 13. T.£arlet. Sori in the ovaries. . Spores chiefly 18-25u in length. . Spores without pedicel-like projection of hyaline envelope. Spores with prominent tubercles. Sori 3-5 mm. in length. 14. T. texana. Sori about 1 or 2 mm. in length. ; : Mature spores? but slightly tinted. 15. T. Wilcoxiana, Mature spores chocolate-brown. Host: Bulbilis (Buchloe). 16. 7. buchloeana. Host: Cathesiecum. 17. T. Cathestect. Spores with coarse scale-like appendages. 19. 7. rugispora. Spores with pedicel-like projection of hyaline envelope. 18. 7. corona. 47 VoLUME 7, Part 1, 1906] 48 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 Spores 25-35, occasionally smaller ; with coarse scales. Sori about 3-4 mm. in length. Completely destroying the seed, 20. T. pulcherrima. Incompletely destroying the seed. 21. T. horrida. Sori 1 mm. or less in length. 22. T. Eragrostidis. 1. Tilletia foetens (B. & C.) Trel. Par. Fungi Wisc. 35. 1884. Ustilago foetens B. & C. (Rav. Fungi Car. V. 100; hyponym. 1860) Grevillea 3:59. 1874. Tilletia laevis Kiihn; Rab. Fungi Eur. 1697. 1873. Sori in ovaries, ovate or oblong, 5-8 mm. in length, more or less concealed by the glumes, all or only part of the ovaries of a spike infected ; spores light- to dark- brown, oblong to chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasionally somewhat angular, foetid especially when young, smooth, chiefly 16-22 u, the most elongate rarely 28 », in length. ON POACEAE: Triticum vulgare, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massa- chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, ‘Ohio, South Dakota, ‘Wisconsin, Wyoming; Manitoba, Northwest Territory. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina, on Triticum vulgare. DISTRIBUTION : Coextensive with the cultivation of wheat. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Dak. Agr. Exp. Sta. 27: f. 2-11; Bull. Ill. Agr. Exp. Sta. 57: pl. F4, R6, T4#; Bull. Kan. Agr. Exp. Sta. 8: p/. 4; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (5); Ann.. Rep. Mass. State Agr. Exp. Sta. 9: 248, pl. 1, f. 6. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. "Fungi 79, C50, C51; Griff. West Am. Fungi 28, 284, 288 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungt 1497, 3236 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 647 ; Rav. Fungi Car. V. 100. 2. Tilletia Tritici (Bjerk.) Wint.; Rab. Krypt. Fl. 17: 110. 1881. Lycoperdon Tritici Bjerk. K. Sv. Vet.-Acad. Handl. 36: 326. 1775. Uredo Caries DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 78. 1815. (Type from France, on Triticum vulgare.) Tilletia Caries Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 7: 113. 1847. Sori in ovaries, ovate to oblong, 5-8 mm. in length, more or less concealed by the glumes; sterile cells few, hyaline, subspherical, with medium thin wall, smaller than spores ; spores chiefly subspherical or spherical, light- to dark-brown, with winged reticulations about 1 # high by 2-4 » wide, 16-22 # in diameter. ON POACEAE: Triticum vulgare, Arizona, lowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Washington, West Virginia. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden, on Triticum hybernum (7. vulgare). DISTRIBUTION : Locally distributed wherever wi is cultivated. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci’ Nat. II]. 7: 2. 5, f. 1-16; ibid, IV. 2: pl. 12, f. 1-26; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (1); Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 5: fi. 22, v2 25-34, pl. B; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. /. 166, 167; Bull. Soc.’ Nat. Mosc. 401: pl. 3, f. 22; Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 7: pL, S. "1-5; Plowright, Brit. Ured. Ust. £: Tilletia Muhlenbergiae Clinton, sp. nov. Sori in ovaries, apparently ‘occupying all in the inflorescence, ellipsoidal, about 3 mm. in length, somewhat hidden by the glumes, with a greenish membrane of plant tissue at apex of which are the evident remains of the styles, easily rupturing and disclosing dusty black-brown spore-mass; sterile cells hyaline, subspherical or spherical, thin- to medium thick-walled, smaller than the spores; spores reddish to dark reddish-brown, chiefly sub- spherical or spherical, with very prominent polygonal winged reticulations (4-8 # wide by about 3 # deep), 28-34 » in diameter. ON POACEAE: ; Muhlenbergia Schaffneri elongata, Mexico. Type collected in northeastern Durango, Mexico, October, 1905, by C. G. Pringle, and com- municated by E. W. D. Holway. The winged reticulations of the spores are the most prominent of any of the species reported here. ‘ 6. Tilletia cerebrina Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 56. 1887. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, 1-2 mm. in length, showing somewhat through the glumes ; sterile cells hyaline, smaller than the spores, with medium thick walls; spores rather dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, with prominent polygonal or irregularly elongate or even cerebriform reticulations often ending in free ridges and at circumference showing as projections (1-2.5 #, extending out to enveloping membrane), chiefly 24-30 w in length. ON POACEAE: Deschampsia caespitosa, Rocky Mountains. TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky Mountain region, on Deschampsia caespitosa. DISTRIBUTION: Rocky Mountains. 7, Tilletia Airae Blytt, Forh. Vid.-Selsk. Christ. 1896°: 31. 1896. Sori and spores same as in Tilletia cerebrina, except reticulations of spores regular in- stead of cerebriform. ON POACEAE: , Deschampsia calycina, Oregon, Washington. . : TyPE LOCALITY: Norway, on Aira caespitosa (Deschampsia caespitosa). DISTRIBUTION : Oregon and Washington ; also in Europe. 8. Tilletia fusca Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 55. 1887. Sori in ovaries, oblong, 3-5 mm. long, usually showing plainly between the glumes ; sterile cells hyaline, ovoid to spherical, comparatively thin-walled, small, about 14-20 # in length; spores medium-dark reddish-brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, occasionally slightly angled, with prominent chiefly regular reticulations (14 » wide) showing at circumfer- ence as short blunt projections (about 1 » high) so that the-enveloping membrane usually closely invests the spore, chiefly 20-25 # in length. ON POACEAE | a ere Festuca microstachya, Washington. : ; Festuca oclofiora (F tenella), Tdaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Typp LOCALITY: Rocky Mountain region, on Festuca microstachya. DISTRIBUTION : Montana and Wyoming to Oregon and Washington. . ExsiccaTi: Griff. West Am. Fungi 202, 202a; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 125. 9, Tilletia montana Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 55. 1887. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, about 1 mm. long, showing somewhat between and also slightly through the enveloping glumes ; sterile cells hyaline, usually smaller than the spores, not very numerous, with thick wall; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, with evident hya- line enveloping membrane about 2-3 » from spore having a papilla or thread of detach- 50 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 ment at one side, with reticulations of wall somewhat irregular forming polygonal or some- times more elongate areas and occasionally with free ridges projecting into these, with the reticulations showing at circumference as straight projecting spines, 17-25 u in length. ON POACEAE: Sporobolus gracillimus, Rocky Mountains. Sporobolus simplex, Montana. TYPE LOCALITY : Rocky Mountain region, on Sporobolus gracillimus, DISTRIBUTION : Montana. ExXsIccaTI: Griff, West Am. Fungi 226. 10. Tilletia Redfieldiae Clinton, sp. nov. Sori in ovaries, apparently infecting all of the spikelets, elliptical, showing promi- nently between the glumes, about 4-5 mm. in length; sterile cells hyaline, ovoid to sub- spherical but often somewhat polyhedral or irregular, with thick walls (3-6), larger than spores, sometimes even 42 # in length; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical or occa- sionally more elongate or angular, with rather regular polygonal reticulations that are 2.5-5 # wide and 2-3 » deep, chiefly 18-22 #, or occasionally 25 », in length. Ow PoacEsE: Redfieldia flexuosa, Nebraska. 6 ine® collected in Hooker County, Nebraska, on Redfieldia flexuosa, by P. A. Rydberg, July ; : This species was originally reported as Tilletia montana. It is very closely related to 7illetia asperifolia, having the large thick-walled sterile cells of that species. It differs in having a larger sorus and apparently in the reticulations of the spores being larger and extending further out at the margin, and in the ‘sterile cells possibly being somewhat thinner-walled. Thewriter is indebted for a specimen of this species to Professor Bessey. 11. Tilletia asperifolia Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 3: 55. 1887. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, about 1 mm. in length, showing somewhat through and between the hyaline enveloping glumes, usually occurring in all the spikelets; sterile cells hyaline, chiefly ovoid to subspherical, with very thick (occasionally even 8 #) indistinctly laminate walls and central oil or granular contents, large, usually 25-38 # in length; spores reddish- brown, chiefly ovoid to spherical, occasionally more elongate or somewhat angular, with rather regular polygonal reticulations that are about 2-3 « wide extending ont at the cir- cumference about 1 # so that the enveloping membrane is rather closely applied, chiefly 17-22 yp, rarely 25 #, in length. On POACEAE : \ Sporobolus asperifolius, Arizona, Colorado, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, (Utah, Washington, Wyoming. TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky Mountain region, on Sporobolus aspertfolius. DISTRIBUTION: Montana to New Mexico, Arizona, and Washington. 12. Tilletia Maclagani (Berk.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 148. 1902. Ustilago Maclagani Berk. Grevillea 3: 58. 1874. Ustilago votundaia Arth. Bull. lowa Agr. Coll. Dep. Bot. 1884: 173. 1884. (Type from Iowa, on Panicum virgatum). Tilletia rotundata Massee, Kew Bull. 1899: 145, 1899. Sori in ovaries and occasionally in anthers, inconspicuous, concealed by the enveloping glumes, upon rupture shedding out a dusty red-brown spore-mass; spores showing differ- ent stages of development, the older light to dark reddish-brown, chiefly subspherical or spherical though occasionally more elongate or somewhat irregular, with a thick wall (3-4 ») apparently closely covered with verruculations (really very minutely areolately pitted), 18-27 » in length. ON POACEAE : Panicum virgatum, Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska ; Quebec. TYPE LOCALITY: Montreal, Canada, on Panicum virgatum. DISTRIBUTION: Quebec, Connecticut, lowa, Kansas and Nebraska. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 12. : : ExsiccaTi: Seym, & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 726; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1894. 13. Tilletia Earlei Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 290. 1902. Sori in culms usually affecting next to upper internode, forming a somewhat swollen body 1-10 cm. in length, rupturing by longitudinal fissures which disclose 4 semi-dusty light- Part 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 51 brown spore-mass ; sterile cells smaller than spores, often with thick smooth wall; spores slightly tinted to light golden-brown, chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasionally ovoid, with coarse bluntish tubercles extending out about 2 4 to the evident hyaline envelope, chiefly 18-22 « in diameter. ON POACEAE : Agropyron occidentale, South Dakota. TYPE LOCALITY: Aberdeen, South Dakota, on Agropyron occidentale. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from its type locality. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Torrey Club 29 : 291, f. 2. Exsiccati: Griff. West Am. Fungi 37Z. 14. Tilletia texana Long ; Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 149. 1902. Sori in ovaries, ovoid or oblong, about 3-5 mm. in length, often more or less hidden by enveloping glumes, forming a somewhat agglutinated light reddish-brown spore-mass; sterile cells not very numerous, hyaline, with very thick often lamellate walls and central contents ; spores very light-colored, orange-yellow (appearing as if somewhat immature), chiefly subspherical or spherical, with prominent conical tubercles (blunt or sometimes quite pointed) which extend out 2-34 to the evident hyaline envelope, chiefly 19-25 mu in diameter (including envelope). ON POACEAE : Hordeum nodosum (A. pratense), Texas. TYPE LOCALITY: Austin, Texas, on Hordeum pratense (H. nodosum). DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 15. Tilletia Wilcoxiana Griff. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 88. 1904. Sori in ovaries, usually showing through the basal parts of the glumes, about 1.5- 2.5 mm. in length, ovoid to ellipsoidal, frequently somewhat flattened, covered by plant membrane that usually bears the styles at its apex, upon rupture disclosing a reddish-brown spore-mass ; spores slightly tinted (appearing as if immature), with evident hyaline en- veloping membrane, subspherical to spherical, thick-walled with tubercles showing promi- nently.at margin, 18-22 in diameter. ON POACEAE: Stipa eminens Andersoni, California. TYPE LOCALITY : Santa Monica, California, on Stipa eminens Anderson, DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, /. 17. 16. Tilletia buchloeana Kellerm. & Swingle, Jour. Myc. 5: 11. 1889. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, 1-2 mm. in length, showing between or often concealed by enveloping glumes, with dark reddish-brown spore-mass ; sterile cells hyaline, subspherical, with very thick lamellate wall and comparatively small central contents, somewhat more variable in size than the spores; spores light chocolate-brown, chiefly subspherical or spherical, with prominent short blunt tubercles often reaching only half way to outer margin of the prominent hyaline membrane which forms a band usually 2-4» wide and shows papilla of attachment, 17-22 « in length. ON POACEAE: : Bulbilis dactyloides (Buchloe dactylotdes), Kansas. ; : : TYPE LOCALITY: Trego County, Kansas, on Buchloe dactyloides (Bulbilis dactyloides), stami- nate plants. DISTRIBUTION : Kansas. ILLUSTRATION : Jour. Myc. 5: pi. 1, f. L-W. 17. Tilletia Cathesteci (P. Henn.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 149. 1902. Ustilago Cathesteci P, Henn. Hedwigia 36: 212. 1897. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, about 1 mm. in length, often inconspicuous and with styles still attached, more or less concealed by the glumes, with black-brown spore-mass ; sterile cells hyaline, with very thick wall, less common than the stages of immature spores; mature spores chocolate-brown, chiefly subspherical or spherical, with prominent conical tubercles (becoming blunt and less conspicuous with maturity) which extend out half way or more to the very evident hyaline membrane, chiefly 19-24 u (exclusive of envelope) in diameter. 52 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 ON POACEAE: Cathestecum prostratum, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY ; Mexico, on ‘! Cathestecum procumbens” (C. prostralum). DISTRIBUTION : Mexico. 18. Tilletia corona Scrib.; Tracy & Earle, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 210. 1896. Neovossia corona Massee, Kew Bull. 1899: 156. 1899. Sori in ovaries, ovoid or ovate, about 3-4 mm. in length, more or less exposed between the glumes; spores showing different stages of development, when mature opaque, chiefly subspherical or spherical, with evident hyaline membrane ending at one side in a short pedicel-like projection, with evident sometimes slightly curved hyaline spines (on top of spore showing as papillae) extending out to membrane and with it forming a hyaline band 1-2 « deep, chiefly 19-25 » in diameter. ON POACEAE : Homalocenchrus lenticularis (Leersia lenticularis), Mississippi. Hlomalocenchrus oryzoides (Leersia oryzoides), District of Columbia, Missouri. pee ee virginicus (Leersia virginica), District of Columbia, Illinois, Mississippi, io. TYPE LOCALITY: Washington, District of Columbia, on Homalocenchrus oryzoides. DISTRIBUTION : District of Columbia to Missouri and Mississippi. ExsiIccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1896. 19. Tilletia rugispora Ellis, Jour. Myc. 7: 275. 1893. Sori in ovaries, subspherical, inconspicuous, about 2mm. in diameter, concealed by the glumes; sterile cells hyaline or often tinted, more or less irregular, polygonal to subspherical, thick-walled, varying from smaller to larger than the spores; mature spores dark reddish- brown, ovoid to spherical, with rather prominent tinted appendages that show at circumfer- ence as blunt scales (1-2 #) and on top in cross-section (1-2.5 #) as more or less irregular polygonal areas, 18-25 » in length. ON POACEAE: Paspalum plicatulum, Texas. Paspalum sp., Mexico, TYPE LOCALITY : College Station, Texas, on Paspalum plicatulum., DISTRIBUTION : Texas and Mexico. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am, Fungi 2704. 20. Tilletia pulcherrima Ellis & Gall.; Clinton, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 441. 1904. Sori in ovaries, ovate or more elongate and somewhat curved, extending between the spreading glumes, about 3-4 mm. in length; hyaline sterile cells medium to very thick- walled, chiefly smaller than the spores; spores showing different stages of development, the mature spores being opaque, subspherical to spherical, with more or less evident hyaline membrane and conspicuous hyaline or opaque acute or truncate scale-like projections 2 u long (in cross-section on top of spores showing as polygonal areas), chiefly 20-30 # in’ diameter. Ow POACEAE : Panicum obtusum, Arizona. Panicum virgatum, Mlinois, Nebraska. _ Syntherisma sanguinale (Panicum sanguinale), Mississippi. TYPE LOCALITY : Oregon, Illinois, on Panicum virgatum. DISTRIBUTION : Illinois, Mississippi, Nebraska, and Arizona. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 31: 85, f. 5, 6. Exsiccatr: Seym. & Earle, Econ, Fungi 5#, C52. 21. Tilletia horrida Tak. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 10: 20. 1896. Sori in ovaries more or less destroying them, completely concealed by enveloping glumes; spores showing different stages of development, with youngest as thick-walled, hyaline cells, mature spores rather opaque, chiefly subspherical to spherical, with very coarse hyaline or slightly tinted somewhat curved scales showing at circumference of spore as a band about 2-4 # wide and on its top in cross-section as polygonal areas 2-3 u across, with hya- Parr 1, 1906] TILLETIACKAE 53 line membrane more or less evident and often ending at one side in a short thread-like projection, 22-33 u in length. ON POACEAE: Oryza sativa, South Carolina. TYPE LOCALITY: Tokyo, Japan, on Oryza sativa. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina ; also in Asia where rice is cultivated. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. Tokyo 10: 20; Bull. S. - : z 41: ; mm: er g yo ; Bull. S.Car. Agr. Exp. Sta. 41: f 14; Bot. Gaz. 22. Tilletia Eragrostidis Clinton & Ricker; Ricker, Jour. Myc. 11: 111. 1905. Sori in ovaries infecting one here and there in the inflorescence, ovoid, about 1 mm. or less in length ; sterile cells hyaline, ovoid to spherical, with thick lamellate walls, chiefly smaller than the spores; spores light to dark reddish-brown, often opaque, subspherical or spherical, rarely more elongate, with coarse tinted truncate scales extending out at cirenm- ference 2.5-4 » and showing on top in cross-section as polygonal areas, 28-37 in length. ON POACEAE: Eragrostis glomeraia, Mississippi. TYPE LOCALITY : Yazoo City, Mississippi, on Eragrostis glomerata. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES! Tilletia Oryzae Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 3: 124. 1887. = Ustilaginoidea Oryzae (Pat.) Bref., an ascomycete. ? Tilletia sp., resembling Tilletia Sphagni. On Ricciocarpus natans. Nature unde- termined. 2. NEOVOSSIA Korn. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 29: 217. 1879. Vossia Thiim. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 29: 18. 1879. Not Vossia Wallich & Griffith. 1836. Sori usually in ovaries, forming a somewhat dusty spore-mass; spores simple, pro- duced singly in the swollen ends of special fertile threads (sterigmata of Magnus) which permanently invest the spores and taper into elongate hyaline appendages, of large size; germination by a short promycelium producing numerous terminally clustered linear sporidia which germinate without conjugation and, in nutrient solutions, give rise to a mycelium producing secondary sporidia of two kinds. Type, Vossia Moliniae Thiim. 1. Neovossia iowensis Hume & Hodson, Bot. Gaz. 30: 274. 1900. Sori in ovaries, ovoid, about 2-3 mm. in length, showing between the spreading glumes, upon rupture of covering membrane disclosing a dusty black spore-mass ; sterile cells or immature spores hyaline, thick-walled, chiefly smaller than the spores; spores reddish- brown, subopaque, ovoid or ellipsoidal to rarely subspherical, with prominent hyaline envelope that terminates at one end in a tapering irregular tail about twice the length of the spore, the cell-wall minutely reticulate-pitted, 19-28 u & 13-19 z. ON POACEAE : : ; Phragmites Phragmites (P. communis), Connecticut, Iowa. ; TVvPE LOCALITY: Colo, Iowa, on Phragmites communis (P. Phragmites). DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut and Iowa. __ ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 27; Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: 7 122; Bot. Gaz. 30: 274, f. 1. . ExsiccaTr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 127. 3. TUBURCINIA [Fries] Woronin, Abh. Senck. Nat. Ges. 12: 561. 1882. Sori usually in the leaves or stem, forming dark-colored often papillate areas, rather permanently embedded in the tissues; spore-balls composed entirely of firmly united fertile cells, of medium size; spores usually dark-colored, variable, of medium size; some- times preceded by conidia, forming a conspicuous white growth on the surface of leaves, hyaline, oblong to ovate. Type, Tuburcinia Trientalis B. & Br. Spore-balls of 6 to many spores; 27-75 » in length. T. Clintoniae. Spore-balls of 10 to many spores ; 45-100» in length. T. 1. 2. Trientalis, 54 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 1. Tuburcinia Clintoniae Kom.; Jacz.-Kom.-Tranz. Fungi Rossiae 260. 1899, Sori in leaves, oval to subcircular, about 2-5 mm. in length, forming flat minutely granular agglutinated black areas showing on both sides, permanently covered by the epi- dermis ; spore-balls dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, often surrounded by an incon- spicnous covering of sterile threads, firm, of 6 to many spores, 27-75 in length; spores reddish-brown, variable, somewhat oblong or cuneate to chiefly polygonal in cross-section, smooth, 12-184 in length; conidial stage unknown. ON CONVALLARIACEAE : Streplopus roseus, British Columbia. Vagnera stellata (Smilacina stellata), Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY: Siberia, on Clintonia udensis. DISTRIBUTION: Wisconsin and British Columbia ; also in Europe. Exsiccati: Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1789; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 128. 2. Tuburcinia Trientalis B. & Br. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 5: 464. 1850. Ascomuces Trientalis Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungi 376. 1860. [Conidial stage.] Sorosporium Trientalis Woronin ; Fisch. de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 32. 1877. Sori on leaves, petioles and stems, variable, often pustular, on stems frequently form- ing areas of considerable extent, sometimes erumpent ; spore-balls reddish-brown, irregu- lar, oblong to subspherical, firm, usually with little evidence of sterile envelope, composed of 10 to many spores, 45-100 » in length; spores reddish-brown, oblong to polyhedral, smooth, 14-22 » in length ; conidial stage forming a dense, white, epiphyllous coating usu- ally over entire leaf, with hyaline, thin-walled, oblong to ovate conidia about 11-142 X 5-7. ON PRIMULACEAE : Trientalis arctica (T. europaea), Alaska. TYPE LOCALITY: Aberdeen, Scotland, on Trientalis europaea. DISTRIBUTION: Alaska; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Abh, Senck. Nat. Ges. 12: 559. 4. UROCYSTIS Rab.; Klotzsch, Herb. Viv. Myc. ed. 2. 397. 1856. Polycystis Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. IIT. 5: 269. My 1846. Not Polycystis Kiitz. Ja 1846. Sori usually in the leaves or stems, occasionally in other parts, producing dark-colored usually dusty spore-masses ; spore-balls permanent, composed of an enveloping cortex of tinted sterile cells and usually one to several interior fertile cells, of small to medium size; spores generally dark-colored, variable, of medium size; germination by a short promycelium producing terminally grouped sporidia which give rise to similar secondary sporidia or to infection-threads. Type, Lrysibe occulta Wallr. Sori in leaves, petioles or stems. Spore-balls without a true cortex. 1. U. Waldsteiniae. Spore-balls with a true cortex. Spores usually 1-5 in the balls. Cortical cells incompletely covering spores. Cortical cells rather completely covering spores. Spores usually +8 in the balls. 7 Cortical cells 8-15; spore-balls 30-60 «, rarely 90 #. . U. sorosporioides. 2. U. Anemones. 3 4 Cortical cells 6-10"; spore-balls chiefly 28-55 x. 5. U. Violae. 6 7. 8 . U. carcinodes, Spores usually 1, rarely 2, in the balls. Cortical cells 6-10, rarely 12 u. Cortical cells usually 4-8 #. Spores usually 1 or 2, rarely 3 or 4, in the balls. Sori in areas or pustules. Sori in striae. . U. Lithophragmae. . UO, Cepulae. . U. Colchict. Cortical cells incompletely covering spores. 9. U. occulta. — Cortical cells completely covering spores. : 10. U. Agropyrt. Sori in the culm filling the interior. 11. U. Junct. Sori in the inflorescence. Sori in the spikelets. ; 12. U. granulosa, Sori in the flowers and pedicels. 13. U. Hypoxyts. Part 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 55 1. Urocystis Waldsteiniae Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 112. 1893. Ustilago Waldsteiniae Paz.; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 4012, 1895. eae atia) poke Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 572. 1900. (Type from Washington, on Geum ciliatum. ‘ Sori on leaves, epiphyllous, oval to linear, forming pustules that follow the veins and are covered at first by a false indusium that dehisces through the center and spreads back on either side disclosing the olive-black dusty spore-mass ; sterile cells apparently lacking ; spores simple or often adhering rather temporarily together in pairs or groups of 3 or 4, reddish-brown, rather irregular, oblong to polyhedral or often subspherical, smooth, 9-14 , occasionally 16 4, in length. ON ROSACEAE : Sieversia ciliata (Geum ciliatum), Washington. Waldsteinia fragarioides, New York, Wisconsin; Canada. TYPE LOCALITY: Alcove, New Vork, on Waldsteinia fragariotides. DISTRIBUTION : Canada, New York, Wisconsin, and Washington. ExsiccaTl : Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 137, 1595; Shear, N. VY. Fungi 86; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. ie 2983 ; Sydow, Ust. 248; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 62; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. The generic position of this species is unsettled, but it is placed here until further study determines its place. 2. Urocystis Anemones (Pers.) Wint.; Rab. Krypt. Fl. 1’: 123. 1881. Uredo Anemones Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 56. 1797. Caecoma pompholygodes Schlecht. Linnaea 1: 248. 1826. Urocystis pompholygodes Rab. Fungi Eur. 697. 1864. Sori in leaves, petioles, and stems, forming conspicuous pustules of varying shape and size, upon rupture disclosing a dusty brown-black spore-mass; spore-balls irregular, appar- ently separating somewhat into the sterile cells and spores, usually 22-35 #, rarely 45 4, in length ; sterile cells usually incompletely covering the spores, often only on one side, smoky-brown or yellowish-tinted, ovoid to spherical, usually thin-walled, about 8-14 » in length; spores reddish-brown, irregular, oblong or ovoid to polyhedral or subspherical, smooth, 1-5 though usually only 1 or 2 in a ball, chiefly 12-17 x, the most elongate rarely 20 #, in length. ON RANUNCULACEAE : . Anemone canadensis (A. pennsylvanica), New York, Wisconsin. Anemone caroliniana, Kansas, Texas. Anemone decapelala, Kansas, Texas. ; . Anemone quinquefolia (A. nemorosa), Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michi- gan, New York, Wisconsin. Anemone virginiana, Iowa, New York, Texas. Cyrtorhyncha ranunculina, Wyoming. . . Hepatica acuta (H. acutiloba), Ilinois, Indiana, lowa, Minnesota, New York, Wisconsin. Hepatica Hepatica (H, triloba), Missouri. : Pulsatilla hirsutissima La4yemone patens Nuttalliana), Colorado, New Mexico. Ranunculus digitatus, h Ranunculus Por oiiae dtahy Ranunculus fascicularis, nois. Ranunculus Sienolobus tabs Ranunculus sp., Wyoming. . . Syndesmon thalictroides (Anemonella thalictroides), New York. Trollius sp., New York. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Anemone nemorosa, . ; DISTRIBUTION: New England to Minnesota, Utah and Texas; also in South America, Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: 1.2, 7,8; E. & P. Nat. PA. 1**: 20, f. 22.:D; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pi. 11, f.2; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 401: pi. 3, f. 26; Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 7: pl. 12, f. 38-42; Plowright, Brit. Ured. Ust. p/. 7, f. 31-33. ExsiccaTr: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 475, 1689 ; Ellis, N. Am, Fungi 294; Seym. & Earle, Econ, Fungi C59, C 60, C 129, C 130. 3. Urocystis carcinodes (B. & C.) Fisch. de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 38. 1877. Thecaphora carcinodes B. & C. Grevillea 3: 58. 1874. Sori on stems, petioles, or midribs, rarely on blades, forming very conspicuous out- breaks that cause considerable distortion of infected parts, upon rupture disclosing a dusty 56 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLUME 7 brown-black spore-mass ; spore-balls ovoid to subspherical, firm, chiefly 25-45 » in length; sterile cells hyaline or yellowish-tinted, ovoid to subspherical, usually completely covering the spores, often thick-walled, 6-12 # in length ; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to subspheri- cal or polyhedral, smooth, generally 1-6 in a ball, usually 12-16 » in length. On Sp nlp tenaetpes : claea alba, We ‘irginia. Actaea argue tab) Actaea sp., PeniisyTvania. A tragene occidentalis, Utah. Cimicifuga racemosa, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania, on Cimicifuga racemosa. : DISTRIBUTION : Pennsylvania to North Carolina and Utah. EXSICCATI: Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1897; § . & Earle on. Fungi C 231; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 79. . euee e a . 4. Urocystis sorosporioides K6rn.; (Fuckel, Jahrb. Nass. Ver. Nat. 29-30: 10; hyponym. 1875) Fisch. de Waldh. Apercu Syst. Ust. 41. 1877. Sori on stems, petioles, and leaves, usually forming pustules of considerable size and causing more or less distortion to host, upon rupture disclosing a dusty browti-black spore- mass ; spore-balls dark reddish-brown, irregular, oblong to subspherical, firm, chiefly 30- 60 #, rarely 90 #, in length; sterile cells smoky or yellowish-tinted, usually completely cov- ering spores, ovoid to subspherical, 8-15 u in length; spores reddish-brown, oblong to polyhedral or subspherical, usually 4-12, rarely 1-3, smooth, chiefly 13-17 #, the most elon- gate rarely 22 uw, in length. On RANUNCULACEAE : Apullege faveccns, Cae Apulia leptocera, Otah,> Delphinium scopuloram, —. Delphinium sp., California. Thalictrum alpinum, Pseeniand. Thalictrum Fendleri, Ctaky Thalictrum sparsifior®™, tah) Thalicitrum sp., Arizona, Massachusetts. TYPE LOCALITY: Bonn, Germany, on Thalicirum minus. : DISTRIBUTION : Greenland, Massachusetts, Utah, Arizona, and California; also in Europe. 5. Urocystis Violae (Sow.) Fisch. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40°: 258. 1867. Granularia Violae Sow. Engl. Fungi £/. 440. 1815. Sori on stems, exposed rootstocks, petioles and veins of leaves, forming prominent irregular swellings often several cm. in length, rather permanently covered by the tissues but upon rupture disclosing a black-brown spore-mass ; spore-balls reddish-brown, rather irregular, oblong to subspherical, chiefly 28-55 » in length; sterile cells yellowish-tinted, with age sometimes becoming rather obscure, small, 6-10 # in length ; spores light reddish- brown, ovoid to spherical or polyhedral, chiefly 4-8 in a ball, mostly 11-15 y in length. ON VIOLACEAE: Viola odorata, Canada. Viola spp., Minnesota (Utah, TYPE LOCALITY: Dorking, Etgfand, on Viola sp. DISTRIBUTION : Canada, Minnesota, and Utah; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: E. & P. Nat. Pfi. 1)**: 20, f. 12 A-C; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 11, f. 9-15 ; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. f. 174; Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 10: 62. 1, f. L-I8, 25-31. 6. Urocystis Lithophragmae Garrett, sp. nov. Sori in the leaves and petioles, more or less distorting them into dusty black powdery masses, at first covered by a whitish membrane of plant tissues ; spore-balls chiefly sub- spherical, with cortex of sterile cells partially or rather completely covering the fertile cells, chiefly 20-30 # in length ; sterile cells ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, olive-brown tinted, rather small, 6-10 #, or the most elongate even 12 , in length; spores usually 1, rarely 2, reddish-brown, subspherical, chiefly 12-16 # in length. Parr 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 57 ON SAXIFRAGACEAE : : Lithophragma bulbifera, vifa) Type collected in Alta Valley, Little Cottonwood Cafion, Salt Lake County, Utah, on Litho- h =Che ; th ee espe hag by A. O. Garrett, July, 1905" Apparently this is the only smut so far reported on 7. Urocystis Cepulae Frost; Farl. Ann. Rep. Sec. Mass. Board Agr. 24: App. 175. 1877. Urocystis Cotchict Cepulae Cooke, Gard. Chron. II. 7: 635. 1877. Sori in leaves, forming isolated pustules or often affecting them for the greater part of their length and breadth, sometimes occurring at their base in the bulbs, upon rupture of covering membrane disclosing a dusty black-brown spore-mass; spore-balls ovoid to spher- ical, small, 17-25 in length; sterile cells tinted, ovoid to spherical, small, rather com- pletely covering the spores, usually 4-8 in length; spores reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, usually 1, rarely 2 in a ball, chiefly 12-16 u in length. On ALLIACEAE: Els edie Connecticut, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, ont. Allium nevadense, Nevada, TYPE LOCALITY: Green’s Farms, Connecticut, on Allium Cepa. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern United States where onions are in cultivation ; Nevada ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. Conn, Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: pi. 1,2, f. 1, 2, 18-28; Bull. Conn, Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f 14, #2; Ann. Rep. Sec. Mass. Board Agr. 24: App. fronitsp. f. 4, 5. Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2706; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C61, C12. 8. Urocystis Colchici (Schlecht.) Rab. Fungi Eur. 396. 1861. Caeoma Colchict Schlecht. Linnaea 1: 241. 1826. Sori in leaves, forming slightly elevated areas of varying size and shape, showing through on both sides, at first covered by epidermis and lead-colored but eventually ruptur- ing this and disclosing a granular reddish-black spore-mass ; spore-balls dark reddish-brown, consisting of 1-3 or rarely 4 spores surrounded rather completely by a cortex of tinted, thick-walled ovoid to subspherical sterile cells (7-13 #), 20-40 » in length; spores medium- dark reddish-brown, irregular oblong to ovoid or subspherical, flattened where in contact, 12-20 » in length. On CONVALLARIACEAE : Salomonia commutata (Polygonatum giganieum), lowa. Vagnera amplexicaulis (Smilacina amplexicauls), Montana, Vagnera stellata (Smilacina stellata), Montana. TYPE LOCALITY : Black Forest Mountains (Hercynia) Europe, on Colchicum autumnale. DISTRIBUTION : Iowa and Montana ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: pl. 2, f. 3,4; Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 10: pl. 1, f. 19-24, 32; Bot. Zeit. 59: 150. 9. Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) Rab.; Klotzsch, Herb. Viv. Myc. ed. 2. 393. 1856. Erysibe occulta Wallr. Fl. Crypt. Germ. 2: 212. 1833. Sori in leaves (especially on inner side of sheaths), culm and inflorescence, forming linear striae usually of great length and often merged into a continuous stratum of dusty reddish-black spore-balls; spore-balls oblong to subspherical, 16-32 » in length; sterile cells often incompletely covering the spores, hyaline or yellowish-tinted, subspherical to oblong, usually with distended and uniformly thickened walls; spores reddish-brown, oblong to subspherical, often with sides flattened, smooth, 1 or 2, rarely 3 or 4 in a ball, 11-18 » in length. ON POACEAE: ; : Secale cereale, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Rhode Island; Nova Scotia. TyPE LocaLity: Germany, on Secale cereale. : . DISTRIBUTION : Nova Scotia to Minnesota and New Jersey; also in South America, Europe, and Australia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: pl. 2, f. 9-11; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv.5: 7. 15, #1; Bull. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (9) ; Ann. Rep. Mass. State Agr. Exp. Sta. 9: 248, of 1, 7. 4; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pi. U1, f. 1; Tubeuf, Diseases Pl. /. 172; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 40!: pi. 3, f. 27; Bot. Zeit. 31: pi. Ze ; . ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 292; Underw. & Cook, Iustr. Fungi 57; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 98; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi 34. 58 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 10. Urocystis Agropyri (Preuss) Schrét. Abh. Schles. Ges. Abth. Nat. Med. 1869-72: 7. 1870. _Uredo Agropyri Preuss, in Sturm, Deuts. Fl. III. 25: 1. 1848. Urocystis Preussti Kiihn ; Rab. Fungi Eur. 1898. 1874. Vroe ig Magn.; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2390. 1878. (Type from Germany, on Poa pratensis angus- tfolia. Urocystis occulta Tritict Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 293. 1879. Urocystis Festucae Ule, Abh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand, 25: 215. 1884. (Type from Germany, on Fesiuca ovina.) Sori in various parts, most commonly in leaves; forming striae a few mm. to length of leaf, distinct or covering surface of leaf, at first lead-colored and protected by epidermis but soon rupturing and reddish-brown spores becoming scattered; spore-balis oblong to subspherical, 16-32 # in length; sterile cells hyaline to yellowish, oblong to subspherical, usually completely covering fertile cells, outer wall apparently thin and by collapsing with age giving ridged effect to the covering ; spores 1 or 2, rarely 3 or 4 in a ball, red- dish-brown, oblong to subspherical, often with flattened sides, smooth, 11-18 » in length. ON POACEAE: Agropyron divergens, Washington. Agropyron occidentale, New Mexico. Agropyron repens, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont. Bromus ciliatus, Iowa. Bromus sp., Minnesota, Calamagrostis canadensis, Oregon. Elymus arenarius, Greenland. Elymus canadensis, Ilinois, lowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Wisconsin. Elymus robustus, Iowa. Elymus virginicus, Wlinois, Wisconsin. Elymus sp., Colorado, Minnesota. Type LOCALITY: Hoyerswerda, Germany, on Agropyron repens. DISTRIBUTION : New England to New Mexico, Oregon, and northward; also in Europe. Se Bull. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. 54: f. 120 (10, 13); Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 40!: AZ. 3, EXSICCATI: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 99, 100, C56, C57, C58; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2988 ; Sydow, Ust. 339; Griff. West Am. Fungi 222,; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 293. 11. Urocystis Junci Lagerh. Bot. Notiser 1888: 201. 1888. Sori in the culms, filling the interior, eventually rupturing and disclosing a dusty brown- black spore-mass ; spore-balls variable, chiefly of 1-8 spores but rarely of more, 16-364, or occasionally 50, in length; sterile cells dark reddish-brown, easily collapsing and then showing as a prominent reticulate envelope completely covering the spores, about 5-9 # in diameter ; spores reddish-brown, chiefly subspherical or occasionally somewhat flattened through pressure and then more elongate, 11-16 in length. ON JUNCACEAE: Juncus balticus, Nevada. TYPE LOCALITY: Near Pontresina, Switzerland, on Juncus filiformis. DISTRIBUTION : Nevada; also in Europe. ExXsICccaTI: Griff, West Am. Fungi 227. 12. Urocystis granulosa Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 151. 1902. Sori in the spikelets, ovoid or oblong, about 5-10 mm. in length, ehiefly confined to the inner parts but showing through the more or less infected glumes, forming a granular black spore-mass ; spore-balls reddish- to black-brown, ovoid to spherical, not easily rup- tured, chiefly 28-50 # in length; sterile cells reddish-yellow, ovoid to subspherical, com- pletely covering the spores, often somewhat indefinite in appearance through the collapsing of the outer wall, about 8-13 4 in length ; spores dark reddish-brown, ovoid to spherical, or polyhedral through pressure, smooth, 1-6 or rarely more in a ball, about 13-19 » in length. ON POACEAE: Stipa comata, Idaho. TYPE LOCALITY: Idaho, on Stipa comata. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Parr 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 59 13. Urocystis Hypoxyis Thaxter, Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: sué A/. 2. 1890. Sori in the flowers, more or less distorting and destroying the inner parts, often ex- tending down on pedicels and peduncles for a short distance, somewhat irregular, oblong, about 1-2 cm. in length, upon rupture of protecting parts disclosing a purple-black dusty spore-mass ; spore-balls chiefly ovoid to spherical,’ 25-60 u in length; sterile cells reddish- yellow, completely covering the spores, ovoid, about 9-14 » in length; spores reddish- brown, polyhedral to subspherical or spherical, occasionally ovoid to oblong, 1-8, chiefly 3-5, in a ball, usually 13-16 wv in length. ON AMARYLLIDACEAE : fy poxis hirsuta (1. erecia), Connecticut, Massachusetts. TYPE LOCALITY : New Haven (West Rock Park), Connecticut, on Hypoxis erecta (H. hirsuta). DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut and Massachusetts; also in South America. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Rep. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. 1889: /. 2, f. 12-14. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2688; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 13?. 5. ENTYLOMA DeBary, Bot. Zeit. 32: 101. 1874. Rhamphospora D. D. Cunn. Sci. Mem. Med. Off. Army India 3: 32. 1888. Sori usually in the leaves, generally forming discolored but little distorted areas, per- manently embedded in the tissues; spores single, produced terminally or intercalary in the fertile mycelium which does not entirely disappear through gelatinization, free (some- times irregularly adhering through pressure), hyaline to yellowish or reddish-yellow, oc- casionally dark-colored, of medium size; germination by a short promycelium bearing a terminal group of sporidia which usually conjugate in pairs and produce secondary sporidia or infection-threads ; conidia often present, formed by germination of the spores in situ or on the mycelium, protruding through the stomata, hyaline, usually elongate. Type, Protomyces microsporus Ung. Sori black; spores tinted reddish-brown, often adhering together. Spores chiefly 8-14 in length. Sori forming oblong to linear striae. Spores 7-11 in length. 1. E. lineatum. Spores 8-14 in length. Spores chiefly regular. 2. E. crastophilum,. Spores often irregular and elongate. 3. E. trregulare, Sori often fusing to form a continuous stratum. 4. E, speciosum. Spores chiefly 15-22 in length. 5. E. caricinum. Sori white to reddish-brown ; spores hyaline or yellowish-tinted. Spores not apiculate, often adhering somewhat. Sori thin —in the unthickened tissues. Conidia or sporidia hypophyllous. Spores chiefly 8-13« in length, thin-walled (see also no. 16). Sori angular. a Sori without evident hypophyllous growth. 6. EB. Thalictri. Sori with evident hypophyllous growth. : Hosts: Ambrosiaceae, Carduaceae, Cichoriaceae. . EZ. compostiarum, Hosts: Menispermaceae. 8. £. Menispermi. Sori circular. 14. £. Floerkeae. Spores chiefly 11-16» in length, thick-walled. Spore-walls evidently double. ; Spore-walls not papillate. _ . . 7. £. Ranuncult. Spore-walls, occasionally, with evident papillae. 12. E. arnicale. Double walls of spores not very evident. Sori rather conspicuous, 2-5 mm. or even larger. Sori yellowish above, white beneath; spores ; often 9-12 u. 16. E. Lobeliae, Sori yellowish or reddish-brown, often bordered. 17. E. australe. Sori small, usually less than 2mm. in diameter. _ Sori angular, usually with evident whitish ; growths. 19. £. Saniculae. Sori chiefly aaa’ 21. £. Linariae. Spores chiefly 14-19 in length. . P epotes feces subspherical. 22. E, Ellisit. Spores ovoid to subspherical, often angular. 24. E. fuscum. Conidia lacking or not arses Hosts: Ambrosiaceae, Carduaceae. Sori often indefinite. 10. E. polysporum. 60 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ([VorumE 7 Sori conspicuous, reddish-brown. ll. £. Holwayi. Sori often concavo-convex. 13. £. guaraniticum. Hosts: not Ambrosiaceae nor Carduaceae. Sori showing on both surfaces of leaves. Spores often with hyphal pedicels. 15. £. Collinsiae. Spores without hyphal pedicels. Sori subcircular, conspicuous, 2 mm. or more. 18. £. serotinum, Sori angular, often indefinite, less than 2 mm. 20. EB. Eryngit. Sori small, usually bordered. 23, E. Eschscholiziae, Sori bypophyllous only. 21. &. Linariae. Sori forming hard pustules, often concavo-convex. 25. E. microsporum. Spores apiculate and pedicellate, never adhering. 26. £. Nymphaeae. 1. Entyloma lineatum (Cooke) Davis, Trans. Wisc. Acad. 9: 162. 1893. Ustilago lineata Cooke; (Rav. Fungi Am. 789 ; hyponym. 1882) Sacc. Syll.'7: 456. 1888. Entyloma Pammelii Hume, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 9: 238. 1902. (Type from Iowa, on Zizania aquatica.) Sori in the leaves, leaf-sheaths, and culms, small, 0.5-3 mm. in length, subcircular to linear, scattered or fusing though even then not always completely losing their individu- ality, lead-colored, rather permanently covered by epidermis; spores light golden-brown, firmly agglutinated, usually ovoid to subspherical or somewhat polyhedral, smooth, chiefly 7-11 # in length. ON POACEAE : Zizania aquatica, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, lowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY: Darien, Georgia, on Zizania aquatica. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut ; Georgia ; Illinois to South ha hag ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat! Hist. Surv. 5: St. 16, 3. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. FungiC 27; Rav. Fungi Pes 789 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1097 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 134 ; Griff. West Am. Fungi J6. 2. Entyloma crastophilum Sacc. Michelia 1: 540. 1879. Soriin leaves, subcircular tolinear, about 0.25-2 mm. in length, usually distinct though occasionally merged, black, long covered by epidermis; spores rather dark-brown, tightly packed and more or less adhering together, chiefly ovoid to spherical or angled through pressure, rather thick-walled, 8-14 in length. ON POACEAE: Agrostis alba vulgary. isconsin, Catabrosa aquaticat Utah) Hoicus lanatus, Contiecticut, New York. Phieum pratense, Illinois, Iowa. TYPE LOCALITY: Mantua, Italy, on Poa annua. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut, New York, Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, and Utah; also in South America and Europe. 3. Entyloma irregulare Johans. Oefv. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 41°: 159. 1885. Sori in leaves, subcircular to oblong, about 1 mm., distinct or somewhat merging into one another, lead-colored, long covered by epidermis; spores almost colorless to very light-brown, very irregular to subspherical or polyhedral, chiefly 8-14 », the most elongate occasionally 17 », in length ; conidia often present in very small white clusters on sori. ON POACEAE : Poa pratensis, Wlinois. TYPE LocaLitry: Iceland, on Poa annua, DISTRIBUTION : Illinois; also in Europe. 4, Entyloma speciosum Schrot. & P. Henn. Hedwigia 35: 220. 1896. Sori in the leaves, oval to linear, about 2-10 mm. long, though usually completely los- ing individuality by lateral and terminal fusing and thus occupying more or less of the leaf, lead-colored, permanently covered by epidermis and completely filling the space be- tween its layers; spores, dark-brown, rather firmly agglutinated, polyhedral (occasionally subspherical) to more irregular or elongate, smooth, chiefly 8-14 #, the most elongate rarely 164, in length. Parr 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 61 ON POACEAE : Alopecurus geniculatus, Texas. Panicum proliferum, Winois. Panitum sp:, Wiinois. TYPE LOCALITY: Tubarao, Brazil, on Panicum sp. DISTRIBUTION : Llinois and Texas; also in South America. EXSICCATI: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C32, C33. 5. Entyloma caricinum Rostr. Medd. Gronland 3: 532. 1888. Sori in leaves, oblong, gregarious, 1-2 mm. in length, black ; spores brown-black, rather firmly coalescing, variable, angular, smooth, 15-22 « in length. ON CYPERACEAE : Carex rigida, Greenland. TYPE LOCALITY: Greenland, on Carex rigida. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Entyloma Thalictri Schrét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 3': 282. 1887.1 Entyloma Ranunculi {. Thaliciri Fart. Bot. Gaz. 8: 275. 1883. Sori in leaves, forming small angular yellowish or reddish areas, about 1-2 mm. or by confluence more extended, often rather indefinite ; spores often not very abundant, hyaline to yellowish, ovoid to subspherical or occasionally somewhat angled and more irregular, thin-walled to medium thick-walled, smooth, small, about 8-134 in length; conidia ap- parently hypophyllous. ON RANUNCULACEAE: Thalictrum dioicum, Wisconsin. Thalictrum polygamum, Connecticut. Thalictrum purpurascens, Wlinois. TYPE LOCALITY: Silesia, on Thalictrum minus sylvaticum. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut, Wisconsin, and Hlinois; also in Europe. ExsiccaTi: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3406; Roum. Fungi Gall. 3961; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1489, Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C34, C 122, : 7. Entyloma Ranunculi (Bon.) Schrét. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 2: 370. 1877. Fusidium Ranunculi Bon. Handb. Myk. 43. 1851. Entyloma Ficariae Fisch. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 521: 309. 1877. ‘(Type from Germany, on Ranunculus Ficaria.) Sori in leaves, forming thin subcircular or angular reddish-yellow spots on upper side but more conspicuous beneath by the whitish growth of conidia (rarely epiphyllous), about 1-6 mm. in length; spores yellowish-tinted when young but often reddish-yellow with age, chiefly subspherical or spherical, though occasionally more elongate or irregular, thick-walled, epispore usually evident and sometimes wrinkled or loosely investing endo- spore, 11-16 in length; conidia apparently of twotypes, either long-fusiform, often curved, 35-45 « X 2.5-3 », or short-fusiform, often curved near tip, 15-204 X 2.5-3.5 4, usually dis- appearing through germination. ON RANUNCULACEAE : Anemone quinquefolia (A. nemorosa), Wisconsin. Ranunculus eremogenes, Washington. Ranunculus pennsylvanicus, Wisconsin. TyPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Ranunculus Ficaria (Ficaria Ficaria). DISTRIBUTION : Wisconsin and Washington ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. 178: 173. 8. Entyloma Menispermi Farl. & Trel. Bot. Gaz. 8: 275. 1883. Sori in leaves, small, angular, limited by veins, scattered or often abundant and some- what confluent, showing above as reddish-brown discolorations and beneath as more evi- dent whitish areas often with a dense conidial outgrowth; spores hyaline to yellowish, chiefly subspherical or spherical, thin-walled, smooth, 8-12 # in diameter; conidia (with mycelial outgrowth) forming a conspicuous hypophyllous mat, subclavate or fusoid, often adhering in pairs, 12-24 # 'X 3-5 #. ON MENISPERMACEAE : ; . . : Menispermum canadense, Mlinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Wisconsin. 1Listed by Schriter in Jahresb. Schles. Ges. 60: 178. 1883. 62 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 TYPE LOCALITY : Madison, Wisconsin, on Menispermum canadense. DISTRIBUTION: Illinois and Wisconsin to Kansas and North Dakota. ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1490; Underw. & Cook, Illustr. Fungi 59; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1066; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3002 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 207, C 23, C 24. 9. Entyloma compositarum Farl. Bot. Gaz. 8: 275. 1883. Sori in leaves, small, angular, about 1-2 mm. in length, usually abundant and more or less confluent, forming spots whitish or yellowish on the under side and darker often pur- plish on the upper; spores chiefly hyaline, ovoid to spherical or occasionally polyhedral, smooth, thin-walled, chiefly 9-14 4 in length; usually with evident hypophyllous outgrowth of conidia which are fusiform or slightly clavate, often curved, about 15-20 x 2-3 p. ON AMBROSIACEAE: + Ambrosia arlemisiaefolia, Maine, Massachusetts. Ambrosia pstlostachya, Kansas, Wisconsin. Ambrosia trifida, District of Columbia, Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin. Ambrosia sp., Minnesota, Ohio. ’ Ow CARDUACEAE : Aster cordifolius, Massachusetts. Aster Novi-Belgii, Maine, Massachusetts. Aster paniculatus, Wisconsin. Aster puniceus, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Wisconsin. Aster sp., Delaware ; New Brunswick. Bidens laevis (B. chrysanthemoides), Kansas. Erigeron elatus, Washington. : Erigeron philadelphicus, North Dakota, Wisconsin. Erigeron salsuginosus, Washington. Eupatorium ageratoides, Wlinois, lowa. Gnaphalium sp., Alabama. Helenium aulumnale, Wisconsin. FHleterotheca subaxillaris (H. Lamarcki1), Kansas. Ranbida pinnata (Lepachys pinnata), Winois, lowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin. Rudbeckia laciniata, Missouri, Ohio, Senecio aureus, Nebraska, Wisconsin. Senecio Balsamitae (S. aureus Balsamitae), Kansas, Stlphium integrifolium, Wisconsin. On CICHORIACEAE :- Lactuca canadensis, Minnesota. TYPE LOCALITY: New England, on Aster puniceus. DISTRIBUTION : New Brunswick to Alabama and Washington. ILLUSTRATION : Bot. Gaz. 19: pl. 18, f. 8. Exsriccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am, Fungi 1792a, 2429a, 24290; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C16, C17, C 18. 10. Entyloma polysporum (Peck) Farl. Bot. Gaz. 8: 275. 1883. Protomyces polysporus Peck; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1813. 1881. Sori in leaves, forming subcircular to more irregular and often indefinite areas, gen- erally dark-brown, 2-5 mm., usually limited in number and killing more or less of the sur- rounding tissue; spores hyaline to yellowish or even light chestnut-brown, ovoid to spher- ical or somewhat polyhedral, smooth, usually with remains of the gelatinous hypha forming outer coat of the thick wall, 12-17 » or in some cases even 20 in length; evidence of conidia usually lacking. ON AMBROSIACEAE : Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, New York, Wisconsin. Ambrosia bidentata, Wlinois. _ Ambrosia trifida, Mlinois, lowa, New York. ON CARDUACEAE : Gatllardia puichella, Kansas. Helianthus annuus, Montana. . : 'TyPE LOCALITY: Albany, New York, on Ambrosia trifida. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut to Montana and Kansas. ; EXsICcATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1492); Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 292a-b, C31; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 5/7, Roum. Fungi Sel. 4868; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2823. 11. Entyloma Holwayi Sydow, Ust. 282. 1901. : Sori in leaves, forming subcircular or angular spots showing through on both surfaces, at first yellowish but finally reddish-brown, distinct or rarely subconfluent, 2-6 mm. in diameter ; spores hyaline to evidently tinted reddish-brown, ovoid to chiefly subspherical, Par? 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 63 smooth, with evident double walls, the outer usually irregularly thickened, 12-15 or even 17 in length ; conidia not observed. On CaRDUACEAE : Cosmos sulphureus, Mexico. TYPE LOCALITY: Chapala, Mexico, on Cosmos sulphureus. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. Exsiccati: Sydow, Ust. 282; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 108. 12. Entyloma arnicale Ellis & Ev. (N. Am. Fungi 3136 ; hyponym. 1894) Bull. Torrey Club 22: 57. 1895. Ramularia arnicalis Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1891 : 85. 1891. Sori in leaves, forming reddish-brown subcircular or angular areas, prominent on upper surface, 3-8 mm. in diameter, distinct or often killing intervening tissue and thus forming an extended dead area; spores yellowish to chestnut-brown, rather uniform, chiefly sub- spherical or spherical, often with evidence of gelatinous envelope which in some cases forms conspicuous papillae on the rather thick spore-wall, chiefly 13-17 » in diameter ; conidia forming a slight hypophyllous growth ‘in center of area, chiefly linear-lanceolate, often slightly curved at upper end, about 18-28 ux 3H. ON CARDUACEAE : Arnica Chamissonis, Washington. Arnica cordifolia, Idaho. Arnica latifolia, Washington. TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains of Skamania County, Washington, on Arnica Chamissonts. DISTRIBUTION : Idaho and Washington. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3136 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 540. 13. Entyloma guaraniticum Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 17: 127. 1884. Sori in leaves, subcircular, lightish or eventually dark-colored, usually separate, often thickened and concavo-convex, 2-6 mm. in diameter; spores hyaline to light-yellow, more or less adhering in masses or uniserial rows, subspherical to oblong or more irregular, provided with a prominent gelatinous envelope which is not always distinct from the cell- wall, 11-20 » in length. ON CARDUACEAE : ? Bidens frondosa, Massachusetts. Bidens leucantha, Florida ; Porto Rico. TYPE LOCALITY : Paraguay, on Bidens leucantha. DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts and Florida; Porto Rico; also in South America. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 107. 14. Entyloma Floerkeae Holway ; (Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2288 ; hyponym. 1889) Davis, Trans. Wisc. Acad. 11: 170. 1897. Sori in leaves, yellowish, often killing tissues, showing on both sides, oval to circular, about 2-4 mm. in length; spores hyaline to reddish-yellow, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, with moderately thin wall, often with remains of hypha showing as a short appendix, smooth, 9-13 » in length; conidia hypophyllous, not forming a very prominent growth, slightly falcate, 12-16 #X1.5 #. ON LIMNANTHACEAE : Floerkea proserpinacoides, Wlinois, Ohio, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY: Racine, Wisconsin, on Floerkea proserpinacoides. DISTRIBUTION: Ohio, Illinois, and Wisconsin. EXSICcCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2288, 3237 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 106. 15. Entyloma Collinsiae Hark. Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 40. 1884. Sori in leaves, whitish, showing on both surfaces, but somewhat darker-colored above, subcircular, thin, 1-3 mm. in diameter; spores tinted reddish-yellow, ovoid to chiefly sub- spherical or spherical, thick-walled, often with remnant of hypha showing as a short ped- icel, 10-14 in length ; conidia not observed. On SCROPHULARIACEAE : Collinsia bartstaefolia, California. TypE LOCALITY: Mt. Tamalpais, California, on Collinsia bartsiacfolia. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 64 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 16. Entyloma Lobeliae Farl. Bot. Gaz..8: 275. 1883. Sori in leaves, forming thin yellowish areas, whitish beneath, 1-10 mm. in diameter; spores hyaline to yellowish, oblong to subspherical, more or less angled, rather thick-- walled, chiefly 9-12”, rarely 15y, in length ; conidia hypophyllous, narrowly fusiform, 10— 25 « X 2-34, ON LOBELIACEAE : Lobelia inflata, Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Hampshire,. North Carolina, Ohio, Wisconsin. Lobelia sp., Porto Rico. TYPE LOCALITY: Gilead, Maine, on Lobelia infiaia. DISTRIBUTION : New England to Wisconsin, Missouri, and North Carolina; Porto Rico. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f i7, 31, Exsiccatr: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3702; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1493 ; Seym. & Earle, Fungi 326, C 22, C 110. . . xe _ ‘a ater 17. Entyloma australe Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 10: 5. Jl 1880. Protomyces Physalidis Kalchb. & Cooke, Grevillea 9: 22, S 1880. Entyloma Besseyt Farl. Bot. Gaz. 8: 275. 1883. (Type from Iowa, on Physalts sp.) Entyloma Physalidis Wint. Hedwigia 22: 130. 1883. (Type from South Africa, on Physalis Hornemanni.) Sori in leaves, forming thin at first light-yellow but later darker-colored roundish or angular areas, usually 0.5-6 mm. in length ; spores light- to reddish-yellow, ovoid to spher- ical or slightly angled, usually with apparently thick wall, chiefly 10-16 in length; co- nidia forming whitish epi- or hypophyllous growths, linear, somewhat curved, usually 30-- 55 # X 1-2 4. ON SOLANACEAE : Physalis angulata, Mississippi. Physalis heterophylla, Iowa. Physalis lanceolata, Iinois, lowa, Kansas, Ohio, South Dakota. Physalis longifolia’ (P. lanceolata laevigata), Kansas. Physalis philadelphica, Indiana, Iowa. Physalis pubescens, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Texas, Wisconsin. Physalis virginiana, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan,. New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin ; Canada. Physalis sp., Connecticut, Towa, Kansas, Kentucky, "Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, Texas, Wisconsin ; Porto Rico. Solanum nigrum, Iowa, Kansas. Solanum triflorum, North Dakota. Solanum sp., Florida. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, on Physalis hirsuta. DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Dakota, Florida, and Texas ; Canada; Porto Rico; also in South America and Africa, ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 34. ExsiccaTi: Kellerm. & Swingle, Kan. Fungi 38a, 386; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 4, 1532 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 347, C29, C30, C il; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 149Za-6 ; Rab.- Wint. Fungi Eur. 3405, 18. Entyloma serotinum Schrot. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 2: 437. 1877. Entyloma leulo-maculans Hume, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 9: 238. 1902. (‘Type from Iowa, on Mer- lensia virginica.) Sori in leaves, subcircular, about 2-5 mm. in diameter, thin, light-colored, sometimes with slightly darker border, usually showing on both surfaces though more plainly below; spores hyaline to light reddish-yellow, ovoid to chiefly subspherical or spherical, occasion- ally slightly angled, with medium thick wall, smooth, 11-15 in length; conidia not ob- served. ON BORAGINACEAE : Mertensia virginica, Iowa, Maryland. TYPE LOCALITY: Rastatt, Germany, on Symphylum officinale. DISTRIBUTION : Maryland and Iowa ; also in ee ILLUSTRATION: E. & P. Nat. Pfl. pees 17 St iL 19. Entyloma Saniculae Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 100. 1885. Sori in leaves, forming small whitish to reddish-brown usually angular areas, limited by the veins, about 0.5-2 mm., showing on both surfaces but more plainly below, often with Part 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 65 slight border on upper surface; spores light to reddish-yellow, ovoid to chiefly subspheri- cal or spherical, thick-walled, smooth, 11-16 » in length; conidia chiefly hypophyllous, often in dense white tufts, filiform, tapering, often curved, about 30-45 4x 1.5 B. On Gaess anicula marylandica, Mlinois, lowa, New York, Wi i Sanicula Menziesii, California. Ra eee a Sanicula sp., Alabama, Indiana. YPE LOCALITY: North Greenbush, New York, on Saenicula marylandi DISTRIBUTION : New York to Wisconsin and Alabama : California. — ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: p/. 1, f. 7-9. 20. Entyloma Eryngii (Corda) DeBary, Bot. Zeit. 32: 105. 1874. Physoderma Eryngit Corda, Ic. Fung.3: 3. 1839. Protomyces Eryngit Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 75. 1869. Soriin leaves, varying somewhat with the host, small, polygonal, or more elongate, often confluent, at first yellowish but eventually light reddish-brown, showing on both sur- faces ; spores light- to reddish-yellow, ovoid to subspherical or often polyhedral or more — through pressure, thick-walled, smooth, usually 11-17 # in length; conidia un- nown. On AMMIACEAE : Eryngium aquaticum (£. yuccaefolium), lowa. TYPE LOCALITY: Prague, Austro-Hungary, on Eryngium campestre. DISTRIBUTION : Iowa; also in Europe. ‘ ILLUSTRATIONS: Corda, Ic. Fung. 3: pl. 1, 7.8; Bot. Zeit. 32: pl. 2, f. 23, 24. 21. Entyloma Linariae Schrot. Beitr. Biol. Pl. 2: 371. 1877. Sori in leaves, forming hypophyllous yellowish more or less defined spots, scattered or somewhat confluent, thin, oval to circular, about 0.5-2 mm. in length; spores hyaline to yellowish, chiefly subspherical or spherical, smooth, with evident double wall, 11-15 in length ; conidia apparently lacking. On SCROPHULARIACEAE : Linaria Linaria (L. vulgaris), Connecticut, New Jersey. TYPE LOCALITY : Liegnitz, Germany, on Linaria vulgaris. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut and New Jersey ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: / 30. ExsiccaT1: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2428 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 109. Entyloma Linariae Veronicae Wint. ; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3001. 1884. Entyloma Veronicae Lagerh.; Pat. & Lagerh. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 7: 170. 1891. Sori usually showing on both surfaces and thts more evident than with the species ; spores often deeper-tinted and larger, 13-16», or the most elongate sometimes 19 #, in length; conidia described as 27-30» X 2u. ON SCROPHU- LARIACEAE: Veronica americana, Colorado, New York. Veronica peregrina, Connecticut, Tili- nois, Iowa, Maryland, Missouri, Wisconsin. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Wisconsin, Mary- land, and Colorado ; also in South America. ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 7487; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3001; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C20. 22. Entyloma Ellisii Halsted, Bull. Torrey Club 17: 95. 1890. Sori in leaves, forming pale white spots, indefinitely limited, subconfluent ; spores hya- line or slightly yellowish-titited, clustered in the intercellular spaces beneath the stomata, spherical, thick-walled (2-5 #), chiefly 16-20 # but varying from 11 to 25 » in diameter ; conidia hypophyllous, abundant, acicular, small, 10-14 by less than 1 4. ON CHENOPODIACEAE: Spinacia oleracea, New Jersey. . . TYPE LOCALITY : In hot-beds, Newark, New Jersey, on Spinacia oleracea. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. New Jersey Agr. Exp. Sta. 70: f. 14-16. 23. Entyloma Eschscholtziae Hark. Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 40. 1884. Sori in leaves, forming whitish subcircular areas, usually with reddish-purple border or discoloration on the upper side, about 1 mm. in diameter; spores hyaline to reddish- yellow, somewhat ovoid or subspherical but chiefly of more or less irreg ular polyhedral form through pressure, adhering together rather firmly, with evidence of gelatinous sheath, smooth, 10-15 # in length; conidia not observed. On PAPAVERACEAE : . . Dendromecon sp., California. 66 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 7 Eschscholtzia californica, California. TYPE LOCALITY: San Francisco, California, on Eschscholizia californica. DISTRIBUTION : California. 24. Entyloma fuscum Schrot. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 2: 373. 1877. Entyloma fuscellum Schrot. ; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2495. 1878. Entyloma bicolor Zopf ; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2496. 1878. Sori in leaves, forming discolored somewhat irregular areas usually limited by the veins, about 2-6 mm. or by confluence much more extended, often with conspicuous white hypophyllous outgrowths; spores when fully matured light-yellow to chestnut-brown, ovoid to subspherical or occasionally somewhat angled, provided (especially when young) with a conspicuously swollen gelatinous envelope, smooth, chiefly 13-19 in length; the hypo- phyllous matted outgrowths usually showing few conidia which are described as fusiform, single-celled or septate, 10-22% x 34. : ON PAPAVERACEAE: Papaver sp, (cult.), Maine; New Brunswick. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany (Rastatt, apparently), on Papaver Argemone. DISTRIBUTION: Maine and New Brunswick; also in Europe. Exsiccati: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C19. 25. Entyloma microsporum (Ung.) Schrot.; Rab. Fungi Eur. 7872. 1874. Protomyces microsporus Ung. Exanth. Pfl. 343. 3833. Entyloma Ungerianum DeBary, Bot. Zeit. 32: 105. 1874. Sori in leaves, forming hard fusoid to hemispherical pustules, often concavo-convex, 2-5 mm. in length, usually distinct, whitish or eventually reddish-brown ; spores hyaline or slightly tinted, oblong or ovoid to subspherical or polyhedral, with a very thick usually irregular epispore which is often somewhat crenate, 12-22 in length ; conidia not known. On RANUNCULACEAE : Ranunculus fascicularis, Wisconsin. ' ‘Ranunculus seplentrionalts, Wlinois, lowa, Wisconsin. Ranunculus sp., Iowa. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe, on Ranunculus repens. DISTRIBUTION : Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Bot. Zeit. 32: pl. 2, f. 1-13. ExsIccaTI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 542; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1438 ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C25, C26. Entyloma microsporum pygmaeum Allesch. Bibl. Bot. 8: 40. 1897. Sori in leaves; spores hyaline to yellowish, irregular, oblong, spherical, frequently polyhedral, with large oil-drops, variable in size, 12-18 4 in length. ON RANUNCULACEAE: Ranunculus pygmaeus, Greenland. 26. Entyloma Nymphaeae (D. D. Cunn.) Setch. Bot. Gaz. 19: 189. 1894. Rhamphospora Nymphaeae D.D. Cunn. Sci. Mem. Med. Off. Army India 3: 32. 1888. . Entyloma Castaliae Holway ; Davis, Trans. Wise. Acad. 11: 174, 1897. (Type from Wisconsin, on Nymphaea reniformtis). Sori in leaves, forming variable often very irregular areas, usually most prominent on under side, yellowish or with age reddish-brown, scattered or subconfluent ; spores hyaline, ovoid to subspherical, usually apiculate and with remains of hypha as an appendix at the opposite end, smooth or under an immersion very minutely verruculose, 10-14 # in length; conidia not observed but spores said to germinate im situ. ON NYMPHAEACEAE : Castalia odorata (Nymphaea odorata), Connecticut, Massachusetts, Ohio. Castalia tuberosa (Nymphaea reniformts), Ulinois, lowa, Wisconsin. Castalia (Nymphaea) sp., lowa, New Jersey, Ohio. : ; Nymphaea advena (Nuphar advena), Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, Wisconsin. TypE LOCALITY : Calcutta, India (Botanical Garden), on Mymphaea stellata (Castalia stellata). DISTRIBUTION : New England to Wisconsin and Iowa ; also in Europe and Asia. . ILLUSTRATIONS : Sci. Mem. Med. Off. Army India3: £/. 7,2, Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 28, 23. . : . ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Ust. 277; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 7487; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C27, C28. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Entyloma Alsines Halsted, Bull. Torrey Club 20: 252. 1893. On Alsine media. No spores found. Part 1, 1906] TILLETIACKAE 67 6. BURRILLIA Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 18. 1891. ; Sori in various parts of the host, generally in the leaves; rather permanently imbedded in the tissues; spore-balls without a distinct cortex of sterile cells, conspicuous, composed entirely of fertile cells or with some sterile parenchymatous cells; spores hyaline or yellowish, rather firmly united, of medium size, similar to those of Extyloma; germina- tion similar to that of Axtyloma. Type, Burrillia pustulata Setch, Sori forming scarcely thickened spots in leaves. Spore-balls small, 75-140». 1. B. decipiens. Spore-balls large, 160-250 #. 2. B. Ehenodort. Sori forming small hypophyllous blisters. 3. B. pustulata. 1. Burrillia decipiens (Wint.) Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 154. 1902. Doassansia deciprens Wint. Jour. Myc. 1: 102. 1885. . Sori in leaves, forming yellowish circular areas, thin, with spore-balls showing as minute elevations; spore-balls situated chiefly in the palisade-layer, densely clustered, con- sisting of a firmly adhering mass of spores without a definite cortex though partially covered with remains of dark-brown thick-walled sterile threads, chiefly subspherical, 75- 140 in diameter; spores pale, polyhedral or often more irregular, with moderately thick smooth walls, 8-12 in diameter. On MENYANTHACEAE : Limnanthemum lacunosum, New Jersey. 'yPE LOCALITY : Green Pond, Morris County, New Jersey, on Limnanthemum lacunosum. DISTRIBUTION : Known only froin the type locality. 2. Burrillia Echinodori Clinton, Jour. Myc. 8: 154. 1902. Sori in leaves, forming irregular to subcircular areas, showing spore-balls as closely clustered very minute elevations on both surfaces; usually a single spore-ball occupying entire section of leaf between layers of the epidermis, more or less merged sidewise, often irregular but chiefly oblong to subspherical, without distinct cortex but composed of sterile cells and spores intermixed, chiefly 160-250 # in length; sterile cells light reddish-brown with thinner walls than the spores and more irregular in shape and size; spores light-col- ored, chiefly ovoid to spherical, occasionally somewhat flattened, apparently thick-walled, 12-18 in length. ON ALISMACEAE: Echinodorus cordifolius (E. rosiratus), California, Florida. Type LOCALITY: Lower Matecumbe, Florida, on Echinodorus rosiratus (£. cordifolius). DISTRIBUTION : Florida and California. 3. Burrillia pustulata Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 18. 1891. Doassansiopsis pustulaia Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 11#*; 22. 1897. Sori in leaves, forming small hypophyllous blisters irregularly clustered or scattered over the surface and eventually rupturing, showing above as small more or less distinct yellowish or reddish-brown areas ; spore-balls situated in the spongy parenchyma, consist- ing of several irregular layers of fertile cells within which is a central mass of parenchym- atous cells with oily contents, ellipsoidal, large, 200-350 # in length; spores rather firmly adhering, subspherical or polyhedral, rarely more irregular, chiefly 8-12 in diameter. On ALISMACEAE : Pee _, : . Sagitiaria latifolia (S. variabilis), Ulinois, Nebraska, Wisconsin. TypE LOCALITY : Dixon, Illinois, on Sagitiaria variabilis (S. latifolia). DISTRIBUTION : Illinois, Wisconsin, and Nebraska. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Bot. 6: pl. 2, f. 84. Exsiccatr: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi, C7. EXCLUDED SPECIES Burvillia globulifera Davis, Bot. Gaz. 22: 414. 1896. (Doassansiopsis globulifera Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. Pil. v**: 22, 1897.) On Glyceria fluitans. Sclerotium of some fungus. 68 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 7 7. DOASSANSIA Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 285. 1883. Seichellia Magn. Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 13: 468. 1895. Doassansiopsis Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 11**: 21. 1897. Sori in various parts of the host, usually in the leaves, rather permanently embedded in the tissues ; spore-balls conspicuous, permanent, consisting of a distinct cortical layer and a central mass of fertile cells entirely filling the interior or with innermost spores supplanted by parenchymatous cells or hyphal threads; spores hyaline or yellowish, with smooth usually thin walls, of medium size; germination often zz situ, by means of a short promycelium which gives rise to a terminal group of elongate sporidia and these often bearing secondary and even tertiary groups. Type, Sclerotium A lismatis Nees. EUDOASSANSIA. Spore-balls within the cortex consisting entirely of spores. Sori forming scarcely thickened spots in leaves, Cortical cells inconspicuous, 8-10. 1. D. Epilobii. Cortical cells conspicuous, 10-20 in length. Cortical cells oblong to cubical; spore-balls 100-160. 2. D. ranunculina. Cortical cells ovate to subspherical ; spore-balls 100-125. 3. D. Sagittariae. Cortical cells radially elongate, chiefly oblong; spore-balls 120-180». 4. D. Alismatis. Sori forming opaque pustules in leaves. 5. D. opaca. DOASSANSIOPSIS. Spore-balls within the cortex consisting of one or more layers of spores and a central mass of parenchymatous cells. Sori in ovaries. 6. D. occulta. Sori in leaves. Sori not causing distortion of tissues. Spore-balls subspherical or spherical, 100-160. 7. D. Martianoffiana. Spore-balls ellipsoidal to spherical, 200-300. 8. D. intermedia. Sori causing conspicuous distortion of tissues. 9, D. deformans. PSEUDODOASSANSIA. Spore-balls within the cortex consisting of several layers of spores and a central mass of interwoven hyphae. . D. obscura, 1. Doassansia Epilobii Farl. Bot. Gaz. 8: 277. 1883. Sori in leaves, thin, forming at first yellowish but later dark-brown spots in which the ageregated spore-balls show as minute darker-colored elevations; spore-balls situated in the spongy parenchymatous tissue, usually clustered, consisting of a rather indefinite cor- tex and a spore-mass entirely filling the interior, ellipsoidal to irregularly spherical, 120- 220 in length; cortical cells dark-brown, irregularly polyhedral or flattened radially, with thick walls, small, 8-10 in length; spores light-brownish, broadly ellipsoidal to irregu- larly polyhedral or subspherical, with smooth moderately thick walls, chiefly 8-124 in length. ON ONAGRACEAE: : Epilobium alpinum, New Hampshire. . Bee . TypE LOCALITY : White Mountains (King’s Ravine), New Hampshire, on Epilobium alpinum, DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Bot. 6: p/. 2, f. 66. ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 7486. 2. Doassansia ranunculina Davis, Bot. Gaz. 19: 416. 1894. Sori in leaves, thin, forming light-brown spots 2-4 mm. in diameter, with the spore- balls showing as numerous minute clustered papillae; spore-balls developed in both pali- sade-layer and spongy parenchyma, consisting entirely of fertile cells surrounded by a definite cortex, ovoid to spherical, about 100-160 # in length; cortical cells reddish-brown, polyhedral or cubical to oblong, often irregular, thin-walled, moderately prominent, chiefly 10-18 # in length; spores hyaline to yellowish, chiefly subspherical or polyhedral, with thin smooth walls, about 10-14 # in diameter. «+ ON RANUNCULACEAE : a : : Ranunculus delphinifolius (R. multifidus), Wisconsin. eae, Typr LOCALITY: Racine, Wisconsin, on Ranunculus multifidus (R. delphinifoltus). RIBUTION : Wisconsin. . eee : Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3238; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1532 ; Sydow, Ust. 237. Part 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 89 3. Doassansia Sagittariae (Westend.) Fisch, Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 2: 405. 1884. Uredo Sagitiariae Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 1177. 1857. Doassansia Sagitiariae £. confluens Davis, Trans. Wisc. Acad. 14: 92. 1903. Sori in leaves, thin, showing as distinct or somewhat merged yellowish or reddish- brown areas in which the spore-balls form numerous very minute elevations; spore-balls situated in either palisade-layer or the spongy parenchyma, consisting of a distinct cortex with spore-mass entirely filling the interior, subspherical, about 100-125 « in diameter; cortical cells light reddish-brown, ovate to subspherical or irregularly polyhedral, rather thin-walled, loosely adhering, prominent, 10-18 » in length; spores loosely compacted, chiefly subspherical or polyhedral, with moderately thick smooth wall, chiefly 8-13 » in diameter. ON ALISMACEAE : Sagittaria arifolia, Winois. Sagitiaria graminea, Delaware, Illinois. Sagiilaria latifolia (S. variabilis), Kansas, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin. Sagitiaria rigida (S. heterophylla), Wisconsin. Sagitiaria sp., Missouri, Vermont; Canada. TYPE LOCALITY: Marbais, Belgium, on Sagitaria sagittifolia. Poe : Vermont to Delaware, Wisconsin, and Kansas; Canada; also in South America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Bot. 6: p/.2, f. 71, Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 12: pl. 22, f. 1-16 ; Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 2: pl. 10. ExsiccaTi: Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 14, C15; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2902a. 4. Doassansia Alismatis (Nees) Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: 285. 1883. Sclerotium Alismatis Nees ; Fries, Syst. Myc. 2: 257. 1822. Entyloma Alismacearum Sace. Michelia2: 44, 1880. (Type from France, on Alisma Plantago.) Sori in leaves, thin, forming at first yellowish but eventually reddish-brown spots, sub- circular or irregular, distinct (5-12 mm.) or irregularly confluent, with spore-balls show- ing as very minute chiefly epiphyllous elevations; spore-balls situated in both palisade- layer and spongy parenchyma, consisting of a very distinct cortex with spore-mass entirely filling the interior, chiefly spherical, 120-180 in diameter ; cortical cells light-brown, usually radially elongate, rather uniform, prominent, 12-204 4-10; spores light-col- ored, loosely packed together, ellipsoidal to spherical or polyhedral, with rather thick smooth walls, chiefly 8-11» in length. ON ALISMACEAE: : . ; . Alisma Planiago-aguatica (A. Planiago), California, lowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, Washington, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY : Europe, on Alisma naians. . . . DISTRIBUTION : New York to Washington and California ; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. 15: p/. 16, f. 1-4; Ann. Bot. 6: p1.1,f. 1, pl. 2, f 68-70 ; %. & P. Nat. Pfl. **: 22. f 174; Brefeld, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 11: p/. 11, f. 16-19. ExsiccaTr: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1485; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 476 ; Sydow, Ust. 186. 5. Doassansia opaca Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26:15. 1891. Sori in leaves, forming evident opaque subcircular pustules about 2-5 mm. in diameter and showing elevations on both surfaces of the leaf, more or less scattered in yellowish or reddish-brown usually widely discolored areas ; spore-balls closely compacted in a single layer occupying most of the space between the two layers of epidermis, consisting of a very distinct cortex and a mass of fertile cells entirely filling the interior, oblong to subspher- ical or cubical, 200-300 in greatest length ; cortical cells reddish-brown, oblong or sub- cubical, very prominent, about 14-27 » in length; spores rather loosely compacted, chiefly subspherical, with smooth walls, 10-15 in diameter. MACEAE : : er as See latifolia (S. variabilis), Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island. a oe oe Type LOCALITY: Newton, Massachusetts, on Sagit/aria variabilis (S. latifolia). DISTRIBUTION: New England to Delaware and Illinois. 70 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ' [VoruME 7 ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Bot.6: 1.2, /. 72-74 ; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 19, 22, 29. Exsiccati: Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 3802; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C 22, C 13. 6. Doassansia occulta (Hoffm.) Cornu; Farl. Trans. Ottawa Field Nat. Club 2: 129. 1884. Sclerotum occultum Hoffm. Ic. Anal. Fung. 67. 1863. Doassansiopsis occulia Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 11**: 21. 1897. Sori in ovaries, causing them to become considerably swollen, ovate, olive-green to reddish-brown; spore-balls situated in the endocarp, consisting of a distinct cortex within which is a single layer of fertile cells surrounding a central mass of parenchymatous cells, ellipsoidal to spherical, often irregular, 100-160 in length; cortical cells polyhedral or more elongate tangentially, 8-10 4 in length; spores adhering rather firmly, about 10-12 z in length. ON ZANNICHELLIACEAE : Potamogeton Nuttallit (P. pennsylvanicus), Connecticut, New York. Potamogeion sp., Illinois, Kansas. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany, on Potamogeion sp. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut, New York, Illinois, and Kansas; also in Europe. pe ILLUSTRATIONS: Hoffm. loc. cit. pl. 16 Of 29; Ann. Bot. 6: pl. 1, f. 43-90, pl. 2, f. 79. EXSICCATI: Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. 3501. Doassansia occulta Farlowii (Cornu) Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26:17. 1891. Doassansia Far- lowit Cornu, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI.15: 287. 1883. Sori and spore-balls as in the species ; cortical cells smaller; spores chiefly oblong, about 16« X3-+u. ON ZANANICHELLICESE: Poltamogeton natans, Canada. Potamogeton Nutialiti (P. pennsylvanicus), Vermont. Fotamogeton perfoliatus Rich- ardsonit (P. perfoliatus lanceolatus), Canada. Potamogeton pusillus, Canada. Fotamogeton Vaseyi, Canada. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann Sci. Nat. VI. 15: pl. 16, /.5,6,; Ann. Bot. 6: p1.2,f. 78. 7. Doassansia Martianoffiana (Thiim.) Schrét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 3°: 287. 1887. Protomyces Martianofianus Thiim. Bull, Soc. Nat. Mosc. 531: 207, 1878. Doassansiopsis Martianofiana Dietel, in RB. & P. Nat. Pfl. 11**: 21. 1897. Sori in leaves, thin, forming at first yellowish but eventually reddish-brown discolora- tions, distinct as small circular spots or more usually merged into indefinite areas often cover- ing greater surface of leaf; spore-balls situated in the spongy parenchyma, consisting of a distinct cortex surrounding a single layer of fertile cells within which is a central mass of parenchymatous cells, subspherical or spherical, 100-160 # in diameter ; cortical cells brown, small, irregularly polyhedral or tangentially elongate, about 8-11“; spores slightly tinted, polyhedral or elongate radially, chiefly 10-16 » in length. ON ZANNICHELLIACEAE : Potamogeton natans, Massachusetts. Potamogeton sp., Connecticut, Illinois, New York, Washington, Wisconsin ; Canada. T'VPE LOCALITY: Minusinsk, Siberia, on Potamogeton natans, DISTRIBUTION : New England to Wisconsin and Illinois; Canada; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Bot. 6: pl. 2, f. 80; E. & P. Nat. Pf. 11**: 22, f. L7CD. ExsICCAaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3239; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 86? ; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C9, C10, C 1. 8. Doassansia intermedia Setch. Bot. Gaz. 19: 185. 1894. Doassansia affinis Ellis & Dearness, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 364. 1895. (Type from Canada, on Sagittaria variabilis.) Sori in leaves, forming light-yellow to brownish subcircular spots, 5-12 mm. in diam- eter, with spore-balls showing as minute hypophyllous pustules ; spore-balls situated in the spongy parenchyma, consisting of a cortex surrounding several layers of spores and a central mass of parenchymatous cells, ellipsoidal to spherical, 200-300 # in length; cortical cells with dark-brown moderately thick walls, chiefly subspherical, cubical, or polyhedral, occasionally more elongate, of medium size, 9-14 in length; parenchymatous cells thin- walled, empty, about the size of the spores or slightly larger; spores adhering rather firmly, ellipsoidal to chiefly spherical, chiefly 8-11 » in length. On ALISMACEAE: ease : Sagitiaria latifolia (S. variabilis), lowa, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Wisconsin ; Canada. TYPE LOCALITY: Shelburne, New Hampshire, on Segitlaria variabilis (S. latifolia). Parr 1, 1906] TILLETIACEAE 71 . DISTRIBUTION : New Hampshire to Minnesota and I ; ILLUSTRATION : Bot. Gaz. 19: bl. 18, f. 1 peuesie mans ExsiccaTr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 331; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 862. 9. Doassansia deformans Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 17. 1891. Doassansiopsis deformans Dietel, in E. & P. Nat. PA. 1**: 21, 1897. Sori in various parts of the host, usually causing conspicuous distortions when in the ‘petioles or midribs, sometimes even 2-3 cm. in width by 7-8 cm, in length; spore-balls filling intercellular spaces, consisting of a cortical layer surrounding a single layer of fertile cells and a central mass of parenchymatous cells, spherical, 100-140 » in diameter ; cortical cells polyhedral, occasionally slightly elongate tangentially, sometimes even triangular in cross-section, small, 4-64 X 8-12 »; parenchymatous cells thin-walled, without contents, chiefly larger than the spores, sometimes even 22 in length ; spores ovoid to polyhedral, rather firmly united, with rather thin smooth walls, 8-124, rarely 15y, in length. On ALISMACEAE : Sagitlaria latifolia (S. variabilis), Connecticut, Illinois, Massachussetts, Missouri, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Wisconsin ; Canada. Sagitiaria sp., Florida, Texas. TYPE LocaLity : Norwich, Connecticut, on Sagztiaria variabilis (S. latifolia). DISTRIBUTION : New England to South Dakota, Florida and Texas; Canada. ILLUSTRATION : Ann. Bot. 6: pl. 1, f. 51-58, pl. 2, f. 81. ExsiccatTi: Ellis & Ev, N. Am. Fungi 2705 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 272; Rab.-Wint.- Paz. Fungi Eur. 4002; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi C8. 10. Doassansia obscura Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 16. 1891. Sori not evident, the spore-balls being produced in the interior of the basal parts of the petioles without special distortion or discoloration though evident upon rupture of the enclosing tissues; spore-balls arranged in single rows in the air-chambers, consisting of a distinct cortex surrounding several irregular layers of spores and a central mass of indefi- nite fungous hyphae, oblong to subspherical, large, 150-300 in length; cortical cells rather light-brown and thin-walled, ovoid to obovate or subcordate, conspicuous, 12-18 X 8-12; spores light-brown, chiefly subspherical, with thin smooth walls, about 8-124 in diameter. ON ALISMACEAE : Sagittaria latifolia (S. variabilis), Connecticut, Massachusetts. TYPE LocaLiry: Norwich, Connecticut, on Sagitiaria variabilis (S. latifolia). DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts and Connecticut. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Bot. 6: pl. 1, f. 33-42, pl. 2, f. 75-77. EXCLUDED SPECIES Doassansia Sintenisii Bres. Bot. Jahrb. 17: 489, 1893. On Cedrela odorata. Probably insect work. Doassansia Zizaniae Davis, Bot. Gaz. 26: 353. 1898. On Zizania aquatica. Sclero- tium of some fungus. 8. TRACYA Sydow, Hedwigia Beibl. 40: 3. 1901. Cornuella Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 19. My 1891. Not Cornuella Pierre. Ja 1891. ‘Sori in the leaves (fronds), permanently imbedded in the tissues; spore-balls con- spicuous, without cortical layer, composed of a single layer of fertile cells enclosing a net-~ work of septate filaments; spores hyaline to yellowish, firmly united, of small to medium size; germination as in Doassansia. Type, Cornuella Lemnae Setch. 1. Tracya Lemnae (Setch.) Sydow, Hedwigia Beibl. 40: 3. 1901. Cornuella Lemnae Setch. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 19. 1891. Soriin the languishing fronds, rather indefinite, showing the spore-balls as very minute clustered or scattered opaque bodies; spore-balls situated in the spongy parenchyma above the lower epidermis, consisting of a single layer of fertile cells within which is a loosely arranged network of brownish filaments, ellipsoidal to spherical, small, 50-100 in length ; 72 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 spores yellowish, originating from ends of the filaments, firmly compacted, cubical, polyhe- dral or often more elongate radially, chiefly 10-12 » in length. On LEMNACEAE : Spirodela polyrhiza, Connecticut, Massachussetts, Rhode Island, Wisconsin. TYPE LOCALITY: Cambridge (Glacialis Pond), Massachusetts, on Spirodela polyrhiza, DISTRIBUTION: New England and Wisconsin ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Bot.6: fl. 1, f. 59-64, pl. 2, f. 82-83 ; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 5: f. 20. ExsiccaTI: Seym. &. Earle, Econ. Fungi CJS. HOST-INDEX TO THE USTILAGINALES Aconitum columbianum Urocystis sorosporiocides, 56 Actaea alba Urocystis carcinodes, 55 Actaea arguta Urocystis carcinodes. 55 Actaea sp. Urocystis carcinodes, 55 Aegopogon cenchroides Ustilago Aegopogonis, 17 Agropyron divergens Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Agropyron occidentale Tilletia Karlei, 50 Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Agropyron repens Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago macrospora, 19 Agropyron spicatum Ustilago macrospora, 19 Agropyron sp. Ustilago macrospora, 19 Agrostis alba vulgaris Entyloma crastophilum, 60 Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Alisma Plantago-aquatica Doassansia Alismatis, 69 Allium Cepa Urocystis Cepulae, 57 Allium nevadense Urocystis Cepulae, 57 Alopecurus geniculatus Entyloma speciosum, 60 Alsine borealis Ustilago violacea, 21 Ambrosia artemisiaefolia Entyloma compositarum, 62 Entyloma polysporum, 62 Ambrosia bidentata Entyloma polysporum, 62 Ambrosia psilostachya Entyloma compositarum, 62 Ambrosia trifida Entyloma compositarum, 62 Entyloma polysporum, 62 Ambrosia sp. Entyloma compositarum, 62 Ammophila arenaria Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Ammophila arundinacea, see A. arenaria Andropogon argenteus, see A. argyraeus Andropogon argyraeus Tolyposporella Brunkii, 43 Andropogon contortus, see Heteropogon con- tortus Andropogon furcatus Sorosporium provinciale, 39 VOLUME 7, Part 1, 1906 Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Sphacelotheca occidentalis, 27 Andropogon glomeratus Sorosporium Everhartii, 38 Sphacelotheca occidentalis, 27 Andropogon Hallii Sphacelotheca occidentalis, 27 Andropogon hirtifolius pubiflorus Sphacelotheca Andropogonis-hirtifolii, 28 Tolyposporella Brunkii, 43 Andropogon macrourus, see A. glomeratus Andropogon perforatus Tolyposporella Brunkii, 43 Andropogon provincialis, see A, furcatus Andropogon saccharoides Sphacelotheca Andropogonis-hirtifolii, 28 Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Tolyposporella Brunkii, 43 Andropogon saccharoides leucopogon Tolyposporella Brunkii, 43 Andropogon scoparius, see Schizachyrium sco- parium Andropogon Torreyanus Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Andropogon virginicus Sorosporium Ellisii, 39 Sorosporium Everhartii, 38 Sphacelotheca Seymouriana, 25 Andropogon sp. Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Sphacelotheca Seymouriana, 25 Anemone canadensis Urocystis Anemones, 55 Anemone caroliniana Urocystis Anemones, 55 Anemone decapetala Urocystis Anemones, 55 Anemone nemorosa, see A. quinquefolia Anemone patens Nuttalliana, see Pulsatilla hirsutissima Anemone pennsylvanica, see A. canadensis Anemone quinquefolia Entyloma Ranunculi, 61 Urocystis Anemones, 55 Anemone virginiana Urocystis Anemones, 55 Anemonella, see Syndesmon Anthoxanthum odoratum Tilletia Anthoxanthi, 48 Aquilegia flavescens Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Aquilegia leptocera Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Arenaria groenlandica Ustilago violacea, 21 Arenaria lateriflora, see Moehringia lateriflora Aristida arizonica Sorosporium consanguineum, 37 73 74 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Aristida basiramea Sorosporium consanguineum, 37 Aristida dichotoma Sorosporium Ellisii, 39 Aristida longiseta Sorosporium consanguineum, 37 Aristida purpurascens Sorosporium consanguineum, 37 Aristida purpurea, see A, longiseta Aristida Rusbyi, see A. arizonica Aristida Schiedeana ‘Sorosporitm consanguineum, 37 Aristida sp. Sorosporium consanguineum, 37 Arnica Chamissonis Entyloma arnicale, 63 Arnica cordifolia Entyloma arnicale, 63 Arnica latifolia Entyloma arnicale, 63 Arrhenatherum avenaceum, see A. elatius Arrhenatherum elatius Ustilago perennans, 7 Aster cordifolius Entyloma compositarum, 62 Aster Novi-Belgii Entyloma compositarum, 62 Aster paniculatus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Aster puniceus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Aster sp. Entyloma compositarum, 62 Astragalus bisulcatus Thecaphora deformans, 41 Astragalus Drummondii Thecaphora deformans, 41 Astragalus missouriensis Thecaphora deformans, 41 Astragalus multiflorus, see Homalobus tenellus Astragalus Nuttallianus Thecaphora deformans, 41 Astragalus scopulorum Thecaphora deformans, 41 Astragalus sp. : Thecaphora deformans, 41 Atheropogon curtipendulus Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Atragene occidentalis Urocystis carcinodes, 55 Avena fatua Ustilago Avenae, 7 Avena sativa Ustilago Avenae, 7 Ustilago levis, 7 Bidens chrysanthemoides, see B. laevis Bidens frondosa Entyloma guaraniticum, 63 Bidens laevis Entyloma compositarum, 62 Bidens leucantha Entyloma guaraniticum, 63 Bigelovia, see Isocoma [VoLUME 7 Bistorta bistortoides Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis borealis, 30 Ustilago Bistortarum, 24 Bistorta vivipara Ustilago Bistortarum, 24- Ustilago Bistortarum inflorescentiae, 24 Boerhaavia sp. Thecaphora tunicata, 42 Bouteloua aristidoides, see Triathera aristidoidea Bouteloua breviseta Ustilago calcara, 6 Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua bromoides Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua eriopoda Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua Havardii Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua hirsuta Ustilago minor, 13 Bouteloua oligostachya Ustilago Boutelouae, 13 Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua polystachya Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Bouteloua racemosa, see Atheropogon curti- pendulus Bromus arvensis Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus breviaristatus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus ciliatus Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago bromivora, 10 Ustilago bromivora macrospora, 10 Bromus Hookerianus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus hordeaceus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus Kalmii Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus marginatus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus mollis, see B. hordeaceus Bromus polyanthus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus Pumpellianus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus racemosus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus Richardsoni Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus secalinus Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus vulgaris Ustilago bromivora, 10 Bromus sp. Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago bromivora, 10 Buchloe, see Bulbilis Bulbilis dactyloides Tilletia buchloeana, 51 Ustilago Buchloes, 14 Parr 1, 1906] HOST-INDEX: USTILAGINALES Calamagrostis breviseta Ustilago Calamagrostidis, 19 Calamagrostis canadensis Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago Calamagrostidis, 19 Calamagrostis Pickeringii, see C. breviseta Calandrinia Breweri Ustilago Calandriniae, 22 Calandrinia Menziesii Ustilago Calandriniae, 22 Carduus leiocephalus Thecaphora Trailii, 41 Carduus ochrocentrus Thecaphora Trailii, 41 Carex abacta Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Carex adusta Thecaphora aterrima, 43 Carex altocaulis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex arctata Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex atrata, see C, atratiformis Carex atratiformis Schizonella melanogramma, 36 Carex Bigelovii Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Buxbaumii Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex canescens Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex cladostachya Ustilago olivacea, 12 Carex crinita Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex dioica, see C, Redowskyana Carex Dougiasii Cintractia Caricis, 33 (arex echinata, see C. sterilis Carex elynoides Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex exilis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex festiva Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex filifolia Cintractia Caricis, 33 Cintractia externa, 34 Carex folliculata australis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Ustilago olivacea, 12 Carex fusca, see C, Buxbaumii Carex glareosa Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Gmelini Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Goodenovii Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Hoodii Schizonella melanogramma, 36 Carex incurva Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex invisa Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex lagopina Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex lanuginosa Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Carex laxiflora Schizonella melanogramma, 36 Carex limosa Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex livida Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex lupulina Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Carex luzulaefolia Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex magellanica Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex marcida Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Michauxiana, see C. abacta Carex monile Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex nardina Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex nigricans Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex obnupta Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex occidentalis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex oligosperma Cintractia Caricis, 33 Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Carex pedunculata : Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex pennsylvanica Cintractia Caricis, 33 Schizonella melanogramma, 36 Thecaphora aterrima, 43 Carex polystachya, see C. cladostachya Carex pseudoscirpoidea Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex Redowskyana Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex rigida Cintractia Caricis, 33 Entyloma caricinum, 61 Carex rupestris Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex salina Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex scirpoidea Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex siccata Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex sitchensis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex sterilis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex straminiformis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex stricta Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex tetanica Cintractia Caricis, 33 76 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Carex trichocarpa Deweyi Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Carex turfosa, see C. Goodenovii Carex turgescens Ustilago olivacea, 12 Carex umbellata Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex utriculata Cintractia Caricis, 33 Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Ustilago olivacea, 12 Carex vaginata, see C, altocaulis Carex varia Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex variabilis Cintractia Caricis, 33 Carex vulgaris hyperborea, see C. Bigelovii Carex sp. Cintractia Caricis, 33 Cintractia subinclusa, 32 Schizonella melanogramma, 36 Thecaphora aterrima, 43 Ustilago olivacea, 12 Castalia odorata . Entyloma Nymphaeae, 66 Castalia tuberosa Entyloma Nymphaeae, 66 Castalia sp. Entyloma Nymphaeae, 66 Catabrosa aquatica Entyloma crastophilum, 60 Cathestecum prostratum Tilletia Cathesteci, 51 Cenchrus echinatus Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Cenchrus multiflorus Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Cenchrus tribuloides Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Cenchrus sp. Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Cerastium maximum Ustilago violacea, 21 Chaetochloa glauca Ustilago neglecta, 16 Chaetochloa imberbis Spacelotheca pamparum, 27 Chaetochloa italica Ustilago Crameri, 10 Chaetochloa sp. Sphacelotheca pamparum, 27 Chloris elegans Ustilago elegans, 18 Chloris submutica Ustilago Ulei, 11 Chloris sp. Ustilago chloridicola, 11 Chrysopogon, see Sorghastrum Cimicifuga racemosa Urocystis carcinodes, 55 Cirsium, see Carduus Cissus acida Mykosyrinx Cissi, 37 j [VoLumME 7 Cissus erosa Mykosyrinx Cissi, 37 Cissus sicyoides Mykosyrinx Cissi, 37 Cissus sp. Mykosyrinx Cissi, 37 Cladothrix lanuginosa Thecaphora Thoruberi, 42 Cnicus, see Carduus Collinsia bartsiaefolia Entyloma Collinsiae, 63 Cosmos sulphureus Entyloma Holwayi, 62 Cyperus filiculmis Cintractia Cyperi, 32 Cyperus Grayii Cintractia axicola ninor, 35 Cyperus ligularis Cintractia limitata, 32 Cyperus sphacelatus Cintractia axicola minor, 35 Cyrtorhyncha ranunculina Urocystis Anemones, 55 Dactyloctenium aegyptium Ustilago sparsa, 12 Danthonia californica Ustilago residua, 9 Danthonia compressa Ustilago residua, 9 Danthonia intermedia Ustilago residua, 9 Danthonia spicata Ustilago residua, 9 Danthonia unispicata Ustilago residua, 9 Danthonia sp. Ustilago residua, 9 Dasyochloa pulchella Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Delphinium scopulorum Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Delphinium sp. Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Dendromecon sp. Entyloma Eschscholtziae, 65 Deschampsia caespitosa Tilletia cerebrina, 49 Deschampsia calycina Tilletia Airae, 49 Desmodium, see Meibomia Distichlis maritima, see D. spicata Distichlis spicata Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Echinochloa colona Ustilago sphaerogena, 14 Echinochloa Crus-galli Sphacelotheca diplospora, 26 Tolyposporium bullatum, 44 Ustilago Crus-galli, 14 Ustilago sphaerogena, 14 Echinochloa Walteri Ustilago Crus-galli, 14 Ustilago sphaerogena, 14 Part 1, 1906] Echinodorus cordifolius Burrillia Echinodori, 67 Echinodorus rostratus, see E. cordifolius Elymus arenarius Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Elymus canadensis Urocystis Agropyri, 68 Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Elymus canadensis glaucifolius Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Elymus condensatus Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Elymus glaucus Tilletia Elymi, 48 Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Elymus robustus Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Elymus striatus Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Elymus virginicus Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Elymus sp. Tilletia Elymi, 48 Urocystis Agropyri, 58 Ustilago macrospora, 19 Elyna Bellardi Cintractia Caricis, 33 Epilobium alpinum Doassansia Epilobii, 68 Eragrostis glomerata Tilletia Eragrostidis, 53 Eragrostis hypnoides Ustilago spermophora, 12 Eragrostis major Ustilago spermophora, 12 Eragrostis neo-mexicana Sphacelotheca strangulans, 29 Eragrostis reptans, see E. hypnoides Erigeron elatus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Erigeron philadelphicus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Erigeron salsuginosus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Eriocaulon septangulare Tolyposporium Eriocauli, 45 Ustilago Eriocauli, 16 Eriochloa, see Monachne Eriocoma cuspidata Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Ustilago minima, 5 Eryngium aquaticum Entyloma Eryngii, 65 Eryngium yuccaefolium, see E, aquaticum Erythronium americanum Ustilago Heufleri, 20 Eschscholtzia californica Entyloma Eschscholtziae, 65 Euchlaena luxurians Ustilago Kellermanii, 15 Ustilago Zeae, 15 HOST-INDEX: USTILAGINALES 17 Eupatorium ageratoides Entyloma compositarum, 62 Festuca microstachya Tilletia fusca, 49 Ustilago Mulfordiana, 18 Festuca nutans Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Festuca octoflora Tilletia fusea, 49 Ustilago Mulfordiana, 18 Festuca tenella, see F. octoflora Festuca sp. Ustilago Mulfordiana, 18 Fimbristylis autumnalis Cintractia axicola, 35 Fimbristylis diphylla Cintractia axicola, 35 Fimbristylis Holwayana Cintractia axicola, 35 Fimbristylis sp. Cintractia axicola, 35 Floerkea proserpinacoides Entyloma Floerkeae, 63 Gaillardia pulchella Entyloma polysporum, 62 Gayophytum caesium Ustilago Gayophyti, 21 Gayophytum lasiospermum Ustilago Gayopbyti, 21 Gayophytum ramosissimum Ustilago Gayophyti, 21 Geum ciliatum, see Sieversia ciliata Glyceria, see Panicularia Gnaphalium sp. Entyloma compositarum, 62 Grindelia robusta Thecaphora californica, 41 Grindelia squarrosa Thecaphora cuneata, 41 Guardiola platyphylla Thecaphora mexicana, 42 Helenium autumnale Entyloma compositarum, 62 Helianthus annuus Entyloma polysporum, 62 Hepatica acuta Urocystis Anemones, 55 Hepatica acutiloba, see H. acuta Hepatica Hepatica Urocystis Anemones, 55 Hepatica triloba, see H. Hepatica Heteropogon acuminatus, see H. melanocarpus Heteropogon contortus Sorosporium contortum, 38 Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Sphacelotheca monilifera, 26 Heteropogon melanocarpus Sphacelotheca Nealii, 29 Heterotheca Lamarckii, see H. subaxillaris Heterotheca subaxillaris Entyloma compositarum, 62 Hilaria cenchroides Ustilago Aegopogonis, 17 78 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Ustilago affinis, 9 ‘Hilaria Jamesii Ustilago Hilariae, 18 Hilaria mutica Ustilago Hilariae, 18 Holcus lanatus Entyloma crastophilum, 60 Homalobus tenellus Thecaphora deformans, 41 Homalocenchrus hexandrus Tolyposporium globuligerum, 44 Homalocenchrus lenticularis Tilletia corona, 52 Homalocenchrus oryzoides Tilletia corona, 52 Homalocenchrus virginicus Tilletia corona, 52 Hordeum caespitosum Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum jubatum Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum maritimum Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum murinum Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum nodosum Tilletia texana, 51 Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum pratense, see H, nodosum Hordeum pusillum Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Hordeum sp. Ustilago Hordei, 6 Ustilago Lorentziana, 9 Ustilago nuda, 8 Hosackia parviflora, see Lotus micranthus Hypoxis erecta, see H. hirsuta Hypoxis hirsuta Urocystis Hypoxyis, 59 Isocoma veneta Thecaphora pilulaeformis, 40 Isocoma sp. Thecaphora pilulaeformis, 40 Juncoides campestre Cintractia Luzulae, 34 Juncus acuminatus Cintractia Junci, 34 Juncus balticus Urocystis Junci, 58 Juncus effusus Cintractia Junci, 34 Juncus tenuis Cintractia Junci, 34 Juncus sp. Cintractia Junci, 34 Kobresia bipartita Cintractia Caricis, 33 Kobresia caricina, see K. bipartita Kobresia scirpina, see Elyna Bellardi Koenigia, see Macounastrum Lactuca canadensis Entyloma compositarum, 62 [VoLuME 7 Leersia, see Homalocenchrus Lepachys, see Ratibida Leptochloa mucronata Ustilago ornata, 16 Leptochloa scabra Ustilago heterogena, 15 Limnanthemum lacunosum Burrillia decipiens, 67 Linaria Linaria Entyloma Linariae, 65 Linaria vulgaris, see L. Linaria Lithophragma bulbifera Urocystis Lithophragmae, 56 Lobelia inflata Entyloma Lobeliae, 64 : Lobelia sp. Entyloma Lobeliae, 64 Lotus humistratus Thecaphora deformans, 41 Lotus micranthus Thecaphora deformans, 41 Lupinus sp. Thecaphora deformans, 41 Luzula, see Juncoides Lychnis sp. Ustilago violacea, 21 Lycurus phleoides Ustilago lycuraides, 10 Macounastrum islandicum Ustilago Koenigiae, 23 Meibomia grandiflora Thecaphora deformans, 41 Meibomia nudiflora Thecaphora deformans, 41 Menispermum canadense Entyloma Menispermi, 61 Mertensia virginica Entyloma serotinum, 64 Moehringia laterifiora Ustilago violacea, 21 Monachne punctata Sorosporium Eriochloae, 38 Muhlenbergia glomerata, see M, racemosa Muhlenbergia Porteri Ustilago Muhlenbergiae, 8 Muhlenbergia Pringlei Ustilago Muhlenbergiae, 8 Muhlenbergia racemosa Sphacelotheca montaniensis, 29 Muhlenbergia Schaffneri elongata Tilletia Muhlenbergiae, 49 Muhlenbergia texana, see M. Porteri Muhlenbergia sp. Sphacelotheca montaniensis, 29 Ustilago mexicana, 6 Nolina microcarpa Tolyposporella Nolinae, 44 Nuphar advena, see Nymphaea advena Nymphaea advena Entyloma Nymphaeae, 66 Nymphaea odorata, see Castalia odorata Nymphaea reniformis, see Castalia tuberosa Oryza sativa Tilletia horrida, 52 Part 1, 1906] HOST-INDEX : Oryzopsis, see Eriocoma Oxalis stricta Ustilago Oxalidis, 20 Oxyria digyna Ustilago vinosa, 21 Oxyria sp. Ustilago vinosa, 21 Panicularia americana Ustilago Arthurii, 20 Ustilago longissima, 6 Panicularia fluitans Ustilago longissima macrospora, 6 Panicularia laxa Ustilago longissima macrospora, 6 Panicularia sp. Ustilago longissima, 6 Panicum agrostoides Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Panicum capillare Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Panicum colonum, see Echinochloa colona Panicum Crus-galli, see Echinochloa Crus-galli Panicum filiforme, see Syntherisma filiforme Panicum fimbriatum, see Syntherisma fimbriatum Panicum glabrum, see Syntherisma humifusum Panicum hirticaulum Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Panicum leucophaeum, see Trichachne insulare Panicum obtusum Tilletia pulcherrima, 52 Panicum paspaloides Ustilago Panici-proliferi, 11 Ustilago Rickerii, 11 Panicum proliferum Entyloma speciosum, 60 Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Ustilago pustulata, 14 Panicum proliferum acuminatum Ustilago Panici-proliferi, 11 Panicum rottboellioides Sphacelotheca diplospora glabra, 27 Panicum saccharatum, see Trichachne charatum. Panicum sanguinale, see Syntherisma sanguinale Panicum virgatum Tilletia Maclagani, 50 Tilletia pulcherrima, 52 Ustilago pustulata, 14 Panicum Walteri, see Echinochloa Walterti Panicum sp. Entyloma speciosum, 60 Sorosporium Syntherismae, 38 Sphacelotheca diplospora verruculosa, 27 Papaver sp. Entyloma fuscum, 66 Pappophorum Wrightii Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Paspalum notatum Sphacelotheca Paspali-notati, 28 Paspalum plicatulum Tilletia rugispora, 52 Paspalum velutinum Ustilago Holwayana, 17 sac- USTILAGINALES Paspalum sp, Tilletia rugispora, 52 Persicaria amphibia Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria Careyi Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria Hydropiper Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria hydropiperoides Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria incarnata Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria lapathifolia Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria pennsylvanica Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria Persicaria Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis, 30 Persicaria punctata Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Persicaria sp. Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Phalaris arundinacea Ustilago echinata, 20 Phleum pratense Entyloma crastophilum, 60 Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Phragmites communis, see P, Phragmites Phragmites Phragmites Neovossia iowensis, 53 Physalis angulata Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis neterophylla Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis lanceolata Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis lanceolata laevigata, see P. longifolia Physalis longifolia Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis philadelphica Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis pubescens Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis virginiana Entyloma australe, 64 Physalis sp. Entyloma australe, 64 Poa annua Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Poa Buckleyana Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Poa debilis Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Poa megastachya, see Eragrostis major Poa pratensis Entyloma irregulare, 60 80 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Polygonatum, see Salomonia Polygonum acre, see Persicaria punctata Polygonum amphibium, see Persicaria amphibia Polygonum aviculare Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Polygonum bistortoides, see Bistorta bistortoides Polygonum Careyi, see Persicaria Careyi Polygonum cilinode, see Tiniaria cilinodis Polygonum Convolvulus, see Tiniaria Convolvulus Polygonum Davisiae Ustilago Piperii, 23 Polygonum dumetorum scandens, scandens Polygonum erectum Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Polygonum Hydropiper, see Persicaria Hydro- piper Polygonum hydropiperoides, see Persicaria hydro- piperoides Polygonum incarnatum, see Persicaria incarnata Polygonum lapathifolium, see Persicaria lapathi- folia Polygonum lapathifolium incarnatum, see Persi- earia incarnata Polygonum Newberrii Ustilago punctata, 23 Polygonum pennsylvanicum, see Persicaria penn- sylvanica Polygonum Persicaria, see Persicaria Persicaria Polygonum phytolaccaefolium Ustilago Piperii, 23 Polygonum punctatum, see Persicaria punctata Polygonum sagittatum, see Tracaulon sagittatum Polygonum scandens, see Tiniaria scandens Polygonum virginianum, see Tovara virginiana Polygonum viviparum, see Bistorta vivipara Potamogeton natans Doassansia Martianoffiana, 70 Doassansia occulta Farlowii, 70 Potamogeton Nuttallii Doassansia occulta, 70 Doassansia occulta Farlowii, 70 Potamogeton pennsylvanicus, see P, Nuttallii Potamogeton perfoliatus Richardsonii Doassansia occulta Farlowii, 70 Potamogeton pusillus Doassansia occulta Farlowii, 70 Potamogeton Vaseyi Doassansia occulta Farlowii, 70 Potamogeton sp. Doassansia Martianoffiana, 70 Doassansia occulta, 70 Psilocarya nitens Cintractia Psilocaryae, 32 Psilocarya scirpoides Cintractia Psilocaryae, 32 Puccinellia airoides Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Pulsatilla hirsutissima Urocystis Anemones, 55 see Tiniaria Ranunculus delphinifolius Doassansia ranunculina, 68 Ranunculus digitatus Urocystis Anemones, 55 Ranunculus eremogenes Entyloma Ranunculi, 61 Ranunculus Eschscholtzii Urocystis Anemones, 55 Ranunculus fascicularis Entyloma microsporum, 66 Urocystis Anemones, 55 Ranunculus multifidus, see R. delphinifolius Ranunculus pennsylvanicus Entyloma Ranunculi, 61 Ranunculus pygmaeus Entyloma microsporum pygmaeum, 66 Ranunculus septentrionalis Entyloma microsporum, 66 Ranunculus stenolobus Urocystis Anemones, 55 Ranunculus sp. Entyloma microsporum, 66 Urocystis Anemones, 55 Ratibida pinnata Entyloma compositarum, 62 Redfieldia flexuosa Tilletia Redfieldiae, 50 Rhynchospora, see Rynchospora Rudbeckia laciniata Entyloma compositarum, 62 Rumex Acetosella Ustilago Rumicis, 23 Rumex altissimus Ustilago Parlatorei, 23 Rumex Brittanica Ustilago Parlatorei, 23 Rumex hastatulus Ustilago Rumicis, 23 Rumex mexicanus Ustilago Parlatorei, 23 Rynchospora alba Cintractia Montagnei, 31 Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Rynchospora aurea, see R. corymbosa Rynchospora axillaris Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Rynchospora cephalantha, see R. axillaris Rynchospora ciliata Cintractia Montagnei, 31 Rynchospora corniculata Cintractia leucoderma, 35 Rynchospora corniculata macrostachya Cintractia leucoderma, 35 Testicularia Cyperi, 45 Rynchospora corymbosa Cintractia utriculicola, 35 Rynchospora cymosa Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Rynchospora eximia Cintractia Montagnei, 31 Rynchospora fascicularis Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Rynchospora gigantea Cintractia leucoderma, 35 Rynchospora glomerata Cintractia Montagnei, 31 [VoLUME 7 Part 1, 1906] Rynchospora inexpansa Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Rynchospora, macrostachya, see R. corniculata macrostachya Rynchospora semiplumosa Sorosporium Rhynchosporae, 40 Rynchospora tenuis Cintractia Montagnei, 31 Rynchospora Tracyi Cintractia leucoderma, 35 Rynchospora sp, : Cintractia leucoderma, 35 Cintractia Montagnei, 31 Cintractia Taubertiana, 32 Cintractia utriculicola, 35 Sagittaria arifolia Doassansia Sagittariae, 69 Sagittaria graminea Doassansia Sagittariae, 69 Sagittaria heterophylla, see S. rigida Sagittaria latifolia Burrillia pustulata, 67 Doassansia deformans, 71 Doassansia intermedia, 70 Doassansia obscura, 71 - Doassansia opaca, 69 Doassansia Sagittariae, 69 Sagittaria rigida Doassansia Sagittariae, 69 Sagittaria variabilis, see S, latifolia Sagittaria sp. Doassansia deformans, 71 Doassansia Sagittariae, 69 Salomonia commutata Urocystis Colchici, 57 Sanicula marylandica Entyloma Saniculae, 64 Sanicula Menziesii Entyloma Saniculae, 64 Sanicula sp. Entyloma Saniculae, 64 Schizachyrium scoparium Sorosporium Ellisii, 39 Sorosporium Everhartii, 38 Sphacelotheca Ischaemi, 27 Scilla praecox Ustilago Vaillantii, 20 Scirpus caespitosus Cintractia Caricis, 33 Scolochloa festucacea Ustilago Arthurii, 20 Secale cereale Urocystis occulta, 57 Senecio aureus Entyloma compositarum, 62 Senecio Balsamitae Entyloma compositarum, 62 Setaria, see Chaetochloa Sieglingia, see Triplasis Sieversia ciliata Urocystis Waldsteiniae, 55 Silene acaulis Ustilago violacea, 21 HOST-INDEX : USTILAGINALES Silene Douglasii Macounii, see 8S. Lyallii Silene Lyallii Ustilago violacea, 21 Silene multicaulis Ustilago violacea, 21 Silene tetonensis Ustilago violacea, 21 Silene Watsoni Ustilago violacea, 21 Ustilago violacea major, 21 Silphium integrifolium Entyloma compositarum, 62 Sitanion longifolium Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Ustilago striaeformis, 18 Smilacina, see Vagnera Solanum nigrum Entyloma australe, 74 Solanum triflorum Entyloma australe, 64 Solanum sp. Entyloma australe, 64 Solidago missouriensis Thecaphora cuneata, 41 Sorghastrum avenaceum Tolyposporella Chrysopogonis, 43 Sorghastrum nutans Sphacelotheca Chrysopogonis, 26 Tolyposporella Chrysopogonis, 43 Sorghum halepense Sphacelotheca Sorghi, 25 Sorghum vulgare Sphacelotheca Reiliana, 29 Sphacelotheca Sorghi, 25 Spinacia oleracea Entyloma Ellisii, 65 Spirodela polyrhiza Tracya Lemnae, 71 Sporobolus asperifolius Tilletia asperifolia, 50 Sporobolus cryptandrus Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Sporobolus ejuncidus Ustilago Sporoboli, 16 Sporobolus gracillimus Tilletia montana, 49 Sporobolus junceus, see S. ejuncidus Sporobolus neglectus Ustilago Vilfae, 17 Sporobolus simplex Tilletia montana, 49 Sporobolus vaginaefiorus Ustilago Vilfae, 17 Sporobolus sp. Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stellaria, see Alsine Stenotaphrum americanum, see S. secundatum Stenotaphrum secundatum Ustilago affinis, 9 Stipa comata Sorosporium granulosum, 39 Urocystis granulosa, 58 Ustilago hypodytes, 5 82 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 7 Stipa coronata Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa eminens Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa eminens Andersoni Tilletia Wilcoxiana, 51 Stipa occidentalis Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa Richardsonii Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa setigera Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa spartea Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Ustilago minima, 5 Stipa Vaseyi Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa viridula Sorosporium granulosum, 39 Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Stipa sp. Ustilago hypodytes, 5 Streptopus roseus Tuburcinia Clintoniae, 54 Syndesmon thalictroides Urocystis Anemones, 55 Syntherisma filiforme Ustilago Rabenhorstiana, 17 Syntherisma fimbriatum Ustilago Rabenhorstiana, 17 Syntherisma humifusum Ustilago Rabenhorstiana, 17 Syntherisma sanguinale Sphacelotheca diplospora, 26 Tilletia pulcherrima, 52 Ustilago Rabenhorstiana, 17 Syntherisma sp. Ustilago Rabenhorstiana, 17 Thalictrum alpinum Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Thalictrum dioicum Entyloma Thalictri, 61 Thalictrum Fendleri Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Thalictrum polygamum Entyloma Thalictri, 61 Thalictrum purpurascens Entyloma Thalictri, 61 Thalictrum sparsifiorum Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Thalictrum sp. Urocystis sorosporioides, 56 Tillandsia Leiboldiana Ustilago Tillandsiae, 11 Tillandsia sp. Ustilago Tillandsiae, 11 Tiniaria cilinodis Ustilago anomala, 22 Tiniaria Convolvulus Ustilago anomala, 22 Tiniaria scandens Ustilago anomala, 22 Tovara virginiana Melanopsichium austro-americanum, 30 Tracaulon sagittatum Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis, 30 Ustilago utriculosa, 22 Triathera aristidoides Ustilago Hieronymi, 13 Trichachne insulare Sphacelotheca Panici-leucophaei, 28 Trichachne saccharatum Sphacelotheca Panici-leucophaei, 28 Tricuspis, see Tridens Tridens seslerioides Ustilago Tricuspidis, 13 Trientalis arctica Tuburcinia Trientalis, 54 Trifolium tridentatum Thecaphora deformans, 41 Triodia cuprea, see Tridens seslericides ,Lriodia pulchella, see Dasyochloa pulchella Triplasis americana Ustilago Triplasidis, 12 Triplasis purpurea Ustilago Sieglingiae, 12 Tripsacum dactyloides Ustilago Dieteliana, 18 Triticum vulgare Tilletia foetens, 48 Tilletia Tritici, 48 Ustilago Tritici, 8 Trollius sp. Urocystis Anemones, 55 Uniola gracilis, see U. laxa Uniola laxa Ustilago Uniolae, 16 Vagnera amplexicaulis Urocystis Colchici, 57 Vagnera stellata Tuburcinia Clintoniae, 54 Urocystis Colchici, 57 Veronica americana Entyloma Linariae Veronicae, 65 Veronica peregrina Entyloma Linariae Veronicae, 65 Vicia americana Thecaphora deformans, 41 Vicia caroliniana Thecaphora deformans, 41 Vilfa vaginaeflora, see Sporobolus vaginaeflorus Viola odorata Urocystis Violae, 56 Viola sp. Urocystis Violae, 56 Waldsteinia fragarioides Urocystis Waldsteiniae, 55 Zea Mays Sphacelotheca Reiliana, 29 Ustilago Zeae, 15 Zizania aquatica Entyloma-lineatum, 60 GENERIC INDEX Burrillia, 67 Neovossia, 53 Cintractia, 31 Schizonella, 36 Doassansia, 68 Sorosporium, 37 Entyloma, 59 Sphacelotheca, 24 Melanopsichium, 30 Testicularia, 45 Mykosyrinx, 36 Thecaphora, 40 Tilletia, 47 Tolyposporella, 43 Tolyposporium, 44 Tracya, 71 Tuburcinia, 53 Urocystis, 54 Ustilago, 3 PARTS PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED Volume 22, Part 1. Rosales: Podostemonaceae, Crassulaceae, Penthoraceae, Parnassiaceae. Volume 22, Part 2. (CRosales:) Saxifragaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Cunoniaceae, Iteaceae, Pterostemonaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Altingiaceae, Phyllonoma- ceae. sf 1, ok ane 2A