QK 25 H45 4 VQ Bot. \,O. S, BIOLOGIA CENTRALLAMERICANA: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE | OF THE FAUNA AND FLORA OF MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA. | EDITED BY F, DUCANE GODMAN AND OSBERT SALVIN. BOTANY. VOL. II. ier BY W. BOTTING HEMSLEY, A.LS., HON. MEM. NAT. HIST. SOC. MEX. ; ASSISTANT FOR INDIA AT THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW; AUTHOR OF THE ‘‘ BOTANY OF THE ‘CHALLENGER’ EXPEDITION,” &c. he onal LONDON: NS PUBLISHED FOR THE EDITORS BY R. H. PORTER, 10 CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND DULAU & CO., SOHO SQUARE, W. 1881-1882. ALERE FLAMMAM, PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCTS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. CONTENTS OF VOLUME IL Page Enumeration of the GamorrtaL#, with Descriptions of New Species . . . . . . . 1-576 BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. BOTANICA. PHANEROGAMIA. DICOTYLEDONES. GAMOPETAL. Series I. INFERA. Order LXX. CAPRIFOLIACE. Caprifoliacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1. Thirteen genera, comprising about 200 species, are referred to this order. With few exceptions, they are shrubs or small trees, inhabiting the northern hemisphere. A few occur in Australia and South America; but the order is not known to be represented either in Tropical or South Africa. All the Mexican and Central-American species are shrubby or arboreous. 1. SAMBUCUS. Sambucus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 8372; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 3. A genus of about a dozen species generally dispersed in temperate regions, excluding South Africa, but including mountains in the tropics. The Mexican forms should perhaps be referred to one species. 1. Sambucus bipinnata, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 171. Souta Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 92. Sambucus canadensis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 385; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 13. Canapa, southward on both sides of the continent.—Soutn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2490 bis)? Hb. Kew. 3. Sambucus mexicana, Presl; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 322. Catirornta, New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Mabibi, Sonora (Thurber) ; Souta Mexico, valley of Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1270); region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2490 ; Miiller, 628), Jalapa (Linden, 530). Hb. Kew. S. glauca, Nutt., may be the same species, which would extend its northward range. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Aprid 1881. b y) CAPRIFOLIACEZ. 2. VIBURNUM. Viburnum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 370; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. li. p. 3. . From eighty to 100 species in the temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere and the Andes of South America ; also represented in the West Indies and Madagascar. 1. Viburnum acutifolium, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 59. Oreinotinus acutifolius, (Erst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 293, t. 6.-fig. 25. SoutH Mexico, Cerro Pelado (Hartweg), Sempoaltepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca, in pine-forests at 7000 to 9000 feet (Galeottz, 3095). Hb. Kew. 2. Viburnum costa-ricanum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus costa-ricanus, Ghrst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 290. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, at 9000 feet (Girsted). 3. Viburnum densum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 59; Crst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 302, t. 6. figg. 26, 27. SoutH Mexico, around Toluca (Andrieur, 339, 340), Regla, at 6000 feet ( Galeotti, 3556), Real del Monte (Graham), Chiapas (Linden, 567), without locality (Coulter, 216). Hb. Kew. 4, Viburnum discolor, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 83. GUATEMALA, mountains of Totonicapan (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 5. Viburnum elatum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 59. South Mexico, Tlalpuxahua (Graham). Hb. Kew. 6. Viburnum fuscum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus fuscus, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 289. South Mexico, near Santiago, Amatlan, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca, woods at 5900 feet (Galeotti, 2719). Hb. Kew. 7. Viburnum glabratum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 428. GuaTEemaLa, Alta Vera Paz, 4400 feet (Tiirckheim).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 8. Viburnum hartwegii, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 84. Soutn Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 809); GuaremMaLa, Mountains of Santa Maria (Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 9. Viburnum membranaceum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus membranaceus, CErst. Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 284. South Mexico, around Toluca (Andriewa, 341), Cuesta de San Juan del Estado. near Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 10. Viburnum microcarpum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 170. Oreinotinus microcarpus, Cirst, in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 282. CAPRIFOLIACE. 3 Soutn Mexico, San Miguel del Soldado (Schiede), Chinantla, Puebla, at 7000 feet (Liebmann), Jalapa (Linden, 529). Hb. Kew. 11. Viburnum microphyllum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus microphyllus, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 293. South Mexico, Cuesta de San Pedro Alto, at 8000 feet (Liebmann). 12. Viburnum parviflorum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. p. 243; Walp. Rep. vi. p. 8. SoutH Mexico, in woods Zacatepec, Pacific coast of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7138), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght)? Hb. Kew. 13. Viburnum rhombifolium, Hemsley. Oreinotinus rhombifolius, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p, 283. SourH Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, at 9000 feet (Galeotti, 2667), at 9750 feet (Linden, 531). Hb. Kew. | | 14. Viburnum stellato-pilosum, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 564. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Polakowsky). 15. Viburnum stellato-tomentosum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus stellato-tomentosus, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 283, t. 6. figg. 18-20. Costa Rica, Irazu, 8000 to 9000 feet (Zrsted). Hb. Kew. 16. Viburnum stellatum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus stellatus, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 292. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba, at 8000 feet (Ziebmann); Costa Rica, Irazu, at 9000 feet (rsted). | | 17. Viburnum stenocalyx, Hemsley. Oreinotinus stenocalyx, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 285. Mexico (Ehrenberg). 18. Viburnum sulcatum, Hemsley. Oreinotinus sulcatus, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 287. SoutH Mexico, Cerro de Sepaltepec, Oaxaca (Lvebmann). Hb. Kew. 19. Viburnum tilizfolium, Hemsley. Oreinotinus tiliefolius, Hirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 282, t. 6. figg. 21, 22. South Mexico, Sierra Zongolica (Bottert, 983), Mirador and Jalapa (Sartorius), Chinantla, at 7000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 20. Viburnum wendlandi, Hemsley. Oreinotinus wendlandi, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1860, p. 283. Costa Rica, without locality (Wendland). 4 CAPRIFOLIACEZ. 3. MICROSPLENIUM. Microsplenium, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 4. Monotypic as far as known at present. 1. Microsplenium coulteri, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 4. Soutn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1167), Regla, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 7204). Hb. Kew. 4, SYMPHORICARPUS. Symphoricarpus, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 211; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p.4; A. Gray, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 9. A genus of about eight species, confined to North America and Mexico. 1. Symphoricarpus microphyllus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 424; Bot. Mag. t. 4975. Symphoricarpus glaucescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 424, t. 295. Symphoricarpus montanus, H. B. K. Nov. et Sp. p. 425, t. 296. Margaris barbigera, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 483; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 480. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 296); SoutH Mexico, Santa Rosa, at 7800 feet, between San Augustin and the city of Mexico at 7000 feet, near Moran at 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 810), Moran and Popocatepetl, 7800 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 2642), without localities (Graham, 223; Coulter, 905). Hb. Kew. | 2. Symphoricarpus rotundifolius, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. ii. p. 662 Uta southward to New Mexico.—Sovra Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 904). Hb. Kew. 5. ABELIA. Abelia, R. Br. in Abel’s Chin., App. p. 376, cum icone; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 4. About half a dozen species, inhabiting the Himalayas, China, Japan, and Mexico. 1. Abelia coriacea, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 3, p. 53. (Tab. XXXVI. figg. 1-5.) Glabra vel glabrescens, foliis confertis petiolatis parvis coriaceis ovato-ellipticis obtusis scabridis, venis utrinque immersis, floribus brevissime pedunculatis axillaribus solitariis vel 2-3 cymosis infrapollicaribus, calycis hirsuti lobis lanceolato-oblongis obtusiusculis, corolle hirsute tubo curvo. Frutex sempervirens, preter flores fere glaber vel glabrescens, ramis teretibus, junioribus tantum puberulis, dense foliosis. Folia opposita, breviter petiolata, coriacea, ovato-elliptica vel interdum fere oblonga, 6-10 lin. longa, obtusa, margine setulosa, supra scabrida, utrinque nitida, costa supra canaliculata, subtus elevata, venis utrinque immersis, petiolo brevi, crasso. Flores axillares, solitarii vel 2-3 cymosi, basi bibracteati, subsessiles, 9-12 lin. longi, bracteis subulatis ovario appressis ; calyx rigide hirsutus, lobis lanceolato-oblongis, quam corolla subtriplo brevi- CAPRIFOLIACEA. | | 5 oribus; corolle puberulz tubus curvus, limbi lobi rotundati; stamina 4, breviter exserta, anther magne; ovarium pentagonum, triloculare, loculis duobus pluriovulatis, loculo tertio uniovulato; stylus glaber, exsertus, stigmate capitato. Fructus puberulus, pisiformis. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 299 ; Schaffner, 32). Wb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXVI. Fiee. 1-5. Fig. 1, flowering branch, nat. size; 2, a flower; 3, a corolla laid open; 4, cross section of an ovary,—all enlarged ; 5, a fruit, nat. size. 9. Abelia floribunda, Dene. in Flore des Serres, ii. t. 5; Bot. Mag. t. 4316. Vesalea floribunda, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 242. Sourn Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, at 10,000 feet (Galeotti, 2640, 2641), at 9570 feet (Linden, 630), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 816). Hb. Kew. 3. Abelia speciosa, Dene. in Flore des Serres, ii. (Jan. 1846) sub tab. 5. Abelia hirsuta, Walp. Rep. vi. p. 3. Vesalea hirsuta, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 242. South Mexico, Cerro de San Felipe, near Oaxaca, at 7500 to 9000 feet (Galeottz, 2640). Probably the same as A. Sorina, but the number quoted by Martens and Galeotti for that species is 2640 bis. 6. LONICERA. Lonicera, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 233; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. u. p. 5. About eighty species, widely dispersed in the temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere. 1. Lonicera dumosa, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. ii. p. 66. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Smith). 2. Lonicera gibbosa, Willd. in Schult. Syst. v. p. 257. Xylosteum mexicanum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 426, t. 297. Sour Mexico, woods near Real del Monte, 8600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 3. Lonicera mociniana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 336; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 446. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 4. Lonicera pilosa, Willd. ex H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 427. Lonicera tubulosa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 37. . Caprifolium pilosum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 427, t. 298. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 297), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2064) ?; Sour Mexico, around Toluca (Andrieux, 338), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 699), Velasco (Hartweg), without locality (Coulter, 902). Hb. Kew. 6 RUBIACEZ. Order LXXI. RUBIACE/E. Rubiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 7. This order includes upwards of 4000 species, belonging to about 340 genera; and it is dispersed throughout the world except in the coldest regions. [BERGHESIA, Nees in Linnea, xx. p. 701; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 39. Berghesia coccinea, Nees in Linnea, xx. p. 702.. Mexico (De Berghes). A doubtful plant. ] Tribe I. NAUCLEZ. Nauclee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. pp. 8, 9. Fight genera are referred to this tribe; and their species are dispersed nearly all over the warmer regions. | 1. CEPHALANTHUS. Cephalanthus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 113; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 30. There are six shrubby species, natives of Tropical Asia, Tropical and Temperate America; and one occurs in Extratropical South Africa. 1. Cephalanthus occidentalis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 138; Barton, Fl. iii. t. 91. Kastern States of North America to Canirorni4.Also in Mexico, according to Gray in ‘ Botany of California.’ 2. Cephalanthus salicifolius, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 63, t. 98. South Mexico, near Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland), Morelia, at 3600 feet (Galeotti, 2593), Puebla (Andrieux, 331), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 160). Hb. Kew. 2. UNCARIA. Uncaria, Schreb. Gen. Plant. i. p. 125; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 31. Ourouparia, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 177, t. 68. About thirty species are known; with the exception of the following and one African species they are natives of Tropical Asia. They are climbing shrubs. 1. Uncaria tomentosa; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 349. _Nauclea tomentosa, Willd. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 221; Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. t. 180. figg. ii. et 13. Nauclea aculeata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 382. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 387).—Cotompra, Guiana, and TRinipap. Hb. Kew. RUBIACER. | | 7 Tribe II. CINCHONE. Cinchonee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. pp. 8, 10. There are thirty-six genera in this tribe, which is represented in nearly all tropical countries except Australia, but by far most numerously in Tropical South America. 3. MACROCNEMUM. Macrocnemum, P. Br. Hist. Jam. p. 165 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 35. Lasionema, Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 141. About ten shrubby and arboreous species, inhabiting Tropical America and the West Indies. » | 1. Macrocnemum exsertum, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 23. Costa Rica (Grsted). 2. Macrocnemum glabrescens, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, i. p. 76. Lasionema glabrescens, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 105. Costa Rica, Nicoya (Hinds); Panama, common about Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes), river Chagres (Seemann).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. . A, BOUVARDIA. Bouvardia, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 88; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 36. Herbs and shrubs, inhabiting Mexico, Guatemala, and Colombia, and most numerous in the first country. The genus probably comprises about thirty species; but, as it is greatly in need of revision, the number is uncertain. 1. Bouvardia angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 384; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 60. South Mexico, near San Augustin de las Cuevas and Moran, at 6600 to 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Misteca Alta and Sierra de Yavesia, near Oaxaca, at 5000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2650c). Hb. Kew. 2. Bouvardia bicolor, Kze. in Linnea, xx. p. 24; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 63. _MExIco. 3. Bouvardia cavanillesii, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 366. Bouvardia multiflora, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 86. South Mexico, mountains of Juquila (Hartweg), Cumbre de Estepa (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 4. Bouvardia chlorantha, Bertol. ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 64. Houstonia chlorantha, Bertol. Elench. p. 5. MEXICO. 8 RUBIACEZ. 5. Bouvardia chrysantha, Mart. Delect. Sem. Hort. Monac. 1848, p. 4, adnot., ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 69. Soutn Mexico, near Santiaguillo (Karwinski). 6. Bouvardia cordifolia, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 366; Calques des Dess. FI. Mex. 487. Sourn Mexico (Mogino et Sessé), near Morelia de Michoacan, at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2584). 7. Bouvardia corymbosa, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 25. Nicaragua, Segovia (Grsted). Hb. Kew. B. crocata is, according to Schlechtendal (Linnea, xxvi. p. 67), only a catalogue name. 8. Bouvardia flava, Dene. in Flore des Serres, i. p. 215; Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 32; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 68. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). 9. Bouvardia glaberrima, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 22; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 71. Nortu Mexico, Cosiquiriachi ( Wislizenus). 10. Bouvardia glabra, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 565. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowskhy). 11. Bouvardia hirtella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 384; Schl. in Linnea, XXVi. p. 72. New Mexico.—Norr Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 298); Sourn Mexico, near the city of Mexico, at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Jalapa (Coulter, 206), Zacuapan and Misteca Alta, at 7500 feet ( Galeotti, 2621), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2803; Botteri, 923), Chinantla (Liebmann), Leon (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 12. Bouvardia houtteana, Schl. in Flore des Serres, x. t. 1024. MEXIco. 13. Bouvardia hypoleuca, Benth. P]. Hartw. p. 288; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 7d. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann) ; South Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 14. Bouvardia levis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 236. Sour Mexico, Zacuapan, at 3000 feet (Galeottz, 2600; Linden, 1257 bis). Hb. Kew. _ RUBIACER. 9 15. Bouvardia leiantha, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 85; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 78. SourH Mexico, Chiapas ((hiesbreght); Guatemata, Chimaltemango (Hartweg), Duefias (Fraser), Llano de Jocotenango (Bernoulli), Volcan de Fuego, 4950 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 16. Bouvardia linearis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 383; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 79. | SoutH Mexico, near San Augustin de las Cuevas, at 6600 to 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Bolatios (Hartweg), Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. | 17. Bouvardia microphylla, Schl. in ‘Linnea, xxvi. p. 112. Souta Mexico (Schiede). 18. Bouvardia mollis, Linden ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 85. MExIco. 19. Bouvardia myrtifolia, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 121. SoutH Mexico, near the Hacienda de Cocoyotla (Schiede). 20. Bouvardia obovata, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 885; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 89. South Mexico, between Chapultepec and Tezcuco, at 7200 feet (umboidt ¢ & Bon- pland). 21. Bouvardia ovata, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. ii. p. 67. Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Wright). 22. Bouvardia quaternifolia, DC. Prod. iv. p. 365; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi.p. 90. Nortu Mexico, Camp Bowie, S. Arizona (Rothrock); Sours Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Alaman), near Morelia, at 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2597), Orizaba (Botteri, 604), without localities (Bates, Sallé). Hb. Kew. 23. Bouvardia rosea, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 116. SovtH Mexico, San José del Oro (Schiede). 24. Bouvardia scabra, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 427. Bouvardia obovata, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 16, nec H. B. K. Soutn Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg), Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 25. Bouvardia scabrida, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 237. Sovtn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, in woods at 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2624). Hb. Kew. | 96. Bouvardia schiedeana, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 123. Soutn Mexico, Barranca de Tioselo (Schiede). 27. Bouvardia tenuiflora, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 97. MEXIco. ; BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Apri/ 1881. ¢ 10 RUBIACE. 28. Bouvardia tolucana, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 427, in adnot. ee SourH Mexico, around Toluca (Andriewx, 332), here and there around Mexico (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 29. Bouvardia triphylla, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 88. Bouvardia jacquini, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 385. Bouvardia ternifolia, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 98. Bouvardia coccinea, Link, Enum. i. p. 139. Bouvardia splendens, Grah. in Bot. Mag. t. 3781. Ivora ternifolia, Cav. Ic. iv. p. 8, t. 305. Izora americana, Jacq. Hort. Scheenb. iii. p. 4, t. 257. Houstonia coccinea, Andrews, Bot. Rep. t. 106. ee NortH Mexico, near Monterey (Haton & Hdwards), Sonora (Wright); Sourn Mexico, near the city of Mexico, at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Mexico (Bour-. geau, 99), Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), Real del Monte (Coulter, 205), near Jalapa (Linden, 505), at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2620). Hb. Kew. | 30. Bouvardia versicolor, Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 245; Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 109. SoutH Mexico, near San Francisco, Tetecala (Schiede). | 31. Bouvardia viminalis, Schl. in Linnewa, xxvi. p. 120. SoutH Mexico (Schiede). 32. Bouvardia viperalis, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 114. SoutH Mexico, near Tenancingo (Schiede). 33. Bouvardia xylosteoides, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 428, in adnot. - SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca (Andrieua, 333). Hb. Kew. | mate 5. MANETTIA. Manettia, Mutis in Linn. Mant. p. 558; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 37. About thirty species of herbs and twining shrubs, limited to Tropical and Subtropical South America, Central America, and Mexico. 1. Manettia barbata, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 25. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted), without locality (Endres, 1)? Hb. Kew. 2. Manettia cuspidata, Bertol. in Spreng. Syst. i. p. 415 ; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 363. South Mexico, Teapa, banks of the Rio Puyapatengo (Linden); Nicaragua, Chon- tales (Seemann, 115; Tate, 196); Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted), without locality (Endres, 2); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 238), Empire railway-station (S. Hayes).— West Inpies. Hb. Kew. . | | 3. Manettia hirtella, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 238. Sout Mexico, Tonaguia, eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2635). RUBIACER. al 4. Manettia panamenis, Duch. et Walp. in Linnea, xxiii. p. 753. PanaMAa (Duchassaing). 5. Manettia reclinata, Linn. Mant. p. 553; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 362. Maxico. ‘ 6. Manettia zimapanica, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 30. Ramis gracilibus teretibus, junioribus puberulis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovato- lanceolatis acumi- natis acutis sparse puberulis glabrescentibus venis lateralibus apicem versus excurrentibus, © pedunculis terminalibus 3-5-floris, floribus pedicellatis, calycis lobis elongatis lineari-sulcatis obscure serrulatis, corolla tubulosa. Frutex erectus ?, ramis teretibus, gracilibus, junioribus puberulis. Folia breviter petiolata, sub- membranacea, ovato-lanceolata, 24—4-pollicaria, longe acuminata, acuta, subtus preecipue puberula, demum glabrescentia, venis lateralibus conspicuis, apicem versus excurrentibus, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo; stipule late, breves, persistentes. Flores corymbosi, glabri, pedicellati ; corymbi terminales, 3-5-flori, breviter pedunculati, pedicellis gracilibus, 5-9 lin. longis; bracteze minutz, subulate ; calycis lobi lineares, subulati, 6-8 lin. longi, tubo brevi, hemi- spheerico; corollz tubus fere rectus sesquipollicaris, limbus lobis ovato-oblongis, obtusis, 2-3 lin. longis ; stamina breviter exserta; ovarium multiovulatum, placentis erectis. Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 203). Hb. Kew. 7. Manettia, sp. GuatemaLa (Priedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 6. ALSEIS. Alseis, Schott in Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. p. 404; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 38. Two South-American species besides A. blackiana. , | 1. Alseis blackiana, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars alt. p.30. (Tab. XXXVIL) Glabrescens, ramis teretibus, foliis leviter puberulis et subtus in axillis venarum barbatis obovato- oblongis utrinque attenuatis obtusiusculis, floribus hermaphroditis dimorphis supremis staminibus inclusis, calyce subinzequaliter 5-dentato, dentibus triangularibus acutis vel obtu- siusculis, corolla glabrescente breviter 5-dentata, dentibus rotundatis, filamentis basi ad medium squamuloso-barbatis, ovario puberulo multiovulato. Arbor 40-50-pedalis, ramis teretibus, glabris. Folia petiolata, fere membranacea, obovato-oblonga, suprema 3-4-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, obtusiuscula, sparse puberula, et subtus in axillis venarum lateralium parallelarum conspicuarum barbata, petiolo semipollicari ; stipulze lanceo- lato-subulate, 4-5 lin. longe, cito decidue. Flores hermaphroditi, bracteati ; bracteze subu- late, deciduz; calyx subinequaliter 5-dentatus, dentibus triangularibus, acutis vel obtusius- culis’; corolla glabrescens, breviter 5-dentata, dentibus rotundatis ; stamina florum inferiorum longe exserta, superiorum inclusa; filamenta sursum usque ad medium squamuloso-barbata ; anthere dorso affixe ; ovarium puberulum, multiovulatum. Panama, in dense woods (Hayes, 665). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXVII. Fig. 1, a flower from the lower part of the inflorescence; 2, the same laid open, showing the hairy filaments ; 3, ovary and calyx ; 4, a flower from the upper part of the inflorescence ; 5, a section of an ovary showing the pendulous placentas. All enlarged. 62 12 RUBIACEA. 7. CALYCOPHYLLUM. Calycophyllum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 367 (excl. sp. 2 et-3); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 38. Two or three arboreous species inhabiting Tropical America, from Mexico to the Amazons river. 1. Calycophyllum candidissimum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 367. Macrocnemum candidissimum, Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 38, t. 30. Souta Mexico, Chacalapa Estata (Liebmann); Say SatvaDor, Conchagua (Hinds); Honpvuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair); Nicaragua (Girsted) ; Panama, Paraiso railway- station (S. Hayes, 441).—CotomBia, Guiana, Cusa. Hb. Kew. | . . 8. RAVNIA. Ravnia, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 49; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 40. Limited to the following species, which is an epiphytal shrub. 1. Ravnia triflora, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 49. Costa Rica, Candelaria, at 7000 to 8000 feet (Girsted). Hb. Kew. 9. COSMIBUENA. Cosmibuena, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. iii. p. 3, t. 226; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 40. A Tropical-American genus of about six shrubby species. 1. Cosmibuena macrocarpa, Kl. ex Walp. Rep. vi. p. 69. Buena macrocarpa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 104, t. 38. Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 371), Chagres (Fendler, 296).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 2. Cosmibuena skinneri, Hemsley. Buena skinneri, Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 26. Nicaracua, Volcan de Masaya (Grsted). Hb. Kew. This species differs from all the others in the calyx-tube being truncate and entire or very minutely toothed. . 10. COUTARKEA. - Coutarea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 314, t. 122; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 42. Six shrubby and arboreous species, all restricted to Tropical America. 1, Coutarea flavescens, DC. Prod. iv. p. 350; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 459. SourH Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 2. Coutarea latiflora, DC. Prodr. iv. p- 350 ; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 458. South Mexico (Mogino & Sessé), Puebla (Andrieux, 337)? Hb. Kew. RUBIACEA, 13 3. Coutarea mexicana, Zucc. et Mart. ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 350. MEXIco. This is probably the Portlandia mexicana described below. 4. Coutarea speciosa, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 314, t. 122. PanaMA, on the beach near Panama (S. Hayes, 181).—CoLomBia; VENEZEALA ; TRINI- DAD; GuIANA; Braziu. Hb. Kew. 5. Coutarea, sp. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin), Yucatan (Linden, 1263 bis). Hb. Kew. Both of these specimens may belong to_the widely dispersed C. speciosa. 11. EXOSTEMMA. Exostemma, Rich. in Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 131, t. 38 (Zxostema) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 42. Shrubs or small trees. About twenty species, chiefly concentrated in the West Indies, but extending from Florida and Mexico southward. 1. Exostemma canescens, Bartl. ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 359. Mexico; GuatemaLa (Skinner)? Hb. Kew. 2. Exostemma caribzeum, Reem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 18. Cinchona caribea, Jacq. Amer. t. 179. fig. 65 ; Obs. iu. t. 17. Fiorma.—SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 224); Nicaragua, west side (rsted). —And common in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 8. Exostemma coulteri, Hook. fil. in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 32. Glabrum, ramis gracilibus teretibus, foliis confertis coriaceis nitidis ovato-oblongis acuminatis basi cuneatis, floribus parvis cymoso-corymbosis brevissime pedicellatis, cymis paucifloris termi- nalibus, calycis dentibus subulatis persistentibus, corolla fere cylindrica brevissime lobata, lobis rotundatis vix patentibus, staminibus inclusis, capsula oblonga dentibus calycinis coronata, seminibus utrinque alatis. Frutex glaberrimus, ramis gracilibus, dense foliatis. Folia petiolata, coriacea, nitida, ovato- oblonga, 2—24-pollicaria, acuminata, acutiuscula, basi cuneata, petiolo gracili, circiter 3 lin. longo; stipule subulate, decidue. Flores parvi, brevissime pedicellati, cymoso-corymbosi, bracteati; corymbi pauciflori, folia vix equantes, terminales; bractez minutissime; calycis dentes subulati, persistentes ; corolla fere cylindrica, 6-8 lin. longa, brevissime lobata, lobis rotundatis, erectis vel vix patentibus; stamina inclusa. Capsula oblonga, 2-3 lin. longa, calycis dentibus coronata, seminibus utrinque alatis. Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 209). Hb. Kew. Easily distinguished from all previously described species by its shortly lobed corolla and included stamens. 4. Exostemma longicuspe, CErsted in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 26. Costa Rica, near Puntarenas (rsted). Hb. Kew. 14 RUBIACEA. 5. Exostemma mexicanum, A. Gray, in Proc. Am. Acad. v. p. 180. SourH Mexico, near Tantoyuca, Huasteca (Ervendberg, 125), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 517). Hb. Kew. Tribe III. HENRIQUEZIE. Henriqueziee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. pp. 8, 12. A South-American tribe of two genera and five species, extending from North Brazil to Venezuela, but not hitherto found within the limits of our flora. Tribe IV. CONDAMINEA. Condaminee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 8, 12. Nine genera are referred to this tribe, seven of which are American, and two peculiar to the Pacific and Molucca Islands. 12. CONDAMINEA. | Condaminea, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 402; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 44. . Five or six species of small trees or shrubs, inhabiting western Tropical America, from Bolivia to Panama. 1. Condaminea corymbosa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 402. Macrocnemum corymbosum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. ii. p. 48, t. 189. Panama, Veraguas (Hinds), Boquete (Seemann, 1593).—Southward to Bottvia. Hb. Kew. 13. RUSTIA. Rustia, Kl. in Hayne Arzencigew. xiv. sub tab. 15; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 45 (Tresan- thera et Henlea, Karst. Fl. Colomb. i. p. 37, t. 19, et p. 157, t. 78). A wholly New-World genus of six or seven arboreous species, extending from Guate- mala to Brazil. 1. Rustia occidentalis, Hemsley. Exostemma occidentale, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 104. GuatTeMaLa (Friedrichsthal) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 289). —Conomsra. Hb. Kew. The Panama specimens differ from the others in having much smaller leaves. 14. PORTLANDIA. Portlandia, P. Br. Hist. Jam. p. 164, t. 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 45. About eight shrubby and small arboreous species, inhabiting the West Indies and Mexico. 1. Portlandia mexicana, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 31. Glaberrima, ramis teretibus vel obsolete angulatis, foliis confertis crasse coriaceis nitidis oblongis, RUBIACEA. . 15 floribus amplis axillaribus solitariis breviter pedunculatis, calycis lobis lineari-oblongis acuti- usculis persistentibus, corolla late infundibuliformi, lobis triangulari-rotundatis, staminibus inclusis, capsula turbinata, seminibus numerosissimis minute granulatis. Frutex glaberrimus, ramis teretibus vel obsolete angulatis. Folia petiolata, crasse coriacea, nitida, oblonga, 2-8-pollicaria, mucronata, margine recurva, petiolo crasso circiter 1}—2 lin. longo; stipule triangulares, subulate. lores solitarii, axillares, pedunculati, pedunculis 4-6 lin. longis,. basi bibracteatis ; bractezee minut, persistentes; calycis lobi lineari-oblongi, 4-6 lin. longi, acutiusculi, persistentes; corolla late infundibuliformis, 23-3-pollicaris, intus basi hirsuta, lobi triangulati, rotundati; stamina inclusa ; filamenta filiformia; anthere anguste, equilonge. Capsula turbinata, circiter 9 lin. longa, lobis calycinis coronata; semina numero- sissima, minuta, granulata.—Coutarea mexicana, Zucc. et Mart. in DC. Prod. iv. p. 350? Souta Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 225). Hb. Kew. There is little donbt that this is the Coutarea mexicana of the ‘ Prodromus ;’ but the description there given is too meagre to decide the question. 15. POGONOPUS. Pogonopus, K\. in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1853, p. 500; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 47. Howardia, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, 1. p. 66, t. 10. About six shrubby and arboreous species, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Pogonopus exsertus, CErst. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Havn. 1852, p. 45; L’Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 13. | Howardia caracasensis, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, 1. p. 71, t. 10. figg. 4-7; Bot. Mag. t. 5110. Calycophyllum tubulosum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 185, nee DC. Costa Rica (Ersted); Panama, Mamei railway-station (S. Hayes, 164), VENEZUELA ; CotomBia. Hb. Kew. | Tribe V. RONDELETIEA. Rondeletiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. pp. 8, 12. There are sixteen genera of this tribe, all American except one (Madagascar), and all except two limited to America. 16. WARSCEWICZIA. Warscewiczia, Kl. in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1858, p. 496; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. li. p 48. Three or four shrubby or small arboreous species, confined to Tropical America. 1. Warscewiczia coccinea, Kl. in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1853, p. 496. Calycophyllum coccineum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 367. -Macrocnemum coccineum, Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 38, t. 29. 16 RUBIACE. Panama, Falls of the Obispo (S. Hayes, 102; Salvin).—CoLomB1A ; PERU ; TRINIDAD. Hb. Kew. 2. Warscewiczia pulcherrima, Kl. in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1853, p. 496. Panama, Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. This does not appear to differ specifically from W. coccinea. 17. RONDELETIA. Rondeletia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 224; Benth. et. Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 48. Lightfootia, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 122. Willdenovia, Gmel. Syst. 11. p. 362. Arachnimorpha, Desv. in Ham. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 28. Stevensia, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Par. iv. p. 235, t. 60. Arachnothryx, Planch. in Flore des Serres, v. sub tab, 442. Rogiera, Planch. in Flore des Serres, v. t 442. A genus of sixty or seventy species of shrubs and trees, confined to Tropical America and the West Indies, but most numerous in Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. We give descriptions of all the Mexican and Central-American species known up to the present time. 1. Rondeletia affinis, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 28. Foliis lanceolato-oblongis utrinque valde attenuatis discoloribus subtus cano-pubescentibus, floribus parvis tetrameris pubescentibus cymoso-confertis sessilibus vel brevissime pedicellatis, cymis breviter pedunculatis in paniculas spiciformes dispositis, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis ineequa- libus reflexis, corolle tubo brevi superne paulo dilatato, lobis rotundatis undulatis, ore nudo, ovario lanato, capsula glabra parva oblonga, seminibus minutis numerosissimis. Frutex, ramis obscure quadrangulatis, junioribus cano- vel rufo-pubescentibus. Folia petiolata, lanceolato-oblonga, 24-5-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, acuta, discoloria, supra parce pilosula, dense reticulato-venosa, subtus cano-lanata, nervis lateralibus prominentibus, petiolo 14-3 lin. longo; stipule 2-3 lin. longe. Flores tetrameri, cano-pubescentes, cymoso-conferti, sessiles vel brevissime pedicellati, cymis sepissime 6-12-floris, breviter pedunculatis, in paniculas angustas spiciformes terminales et laterales dispositis ; calycis lobi oblongi, obtusi, inzequales, circiter } lin. longi, reflexi; corolle tubus 2-3 lin. longus, gracilis, sursum leviter et sensim ampliatus, intus basi hirsutus, limbus lobis circiter lineam longis, rotundatis, undulatis, os nudum; ovarium lanatum. Capsula oblonga, 14 lin. longa, seminibus numerosissimis, minutis, punctulatis. Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 686), Sierra de Zongolica (Bottert, 1017) ; Costa Rica (Endres, 226); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1594). Hb. Kew. This species is allied to &. lanifiora and &. villosa, differing in its smaller flowers &c. Both long- and short-styled forms exist. The specimens from Costa Rica and Veraguas have leaves twice the size of the Mexican. 2. Rondeletia amcena, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 26. Ramis téretibus Superioribus compressis crassiusculis foliisque plus minusve hirsutis, foliis amplis ovato-ellipticis, ‘stipulis maximis, floribus pentameris pubescentibus cymoso-corymbosis, calycis RUBIACEA. 17 lobis obovato-oblongis inzequalibus, corolle tubo circiter 6 lin. longo superne paulum dilatato, lobis rotundatis, ore villoso, capsula hirsuta, seminibus alatis. Frutex pluripedalis, ramis teretibus vel compressis, crassiusculis, foliisque plus minusve villoso- hirsutis. Folia petiolata vel fere sessilia, ovato-elliptica, 4—-6-pollicaria, acute acuminata, basi rotundata, supra glabrescentia, subtus dense hirsuta, petiolo 1-3 lin. longo; stipule ex oblongis usque ad late ovato-ellipticas, 6-8 lineas longe. Flores pentameri, hirsuti, cymoso- corymbosi, breviter pedicellati; corymbi ampli, terminales, trichotomi ; bracteze minute ; calycis lobi inzequales, oblongo-obovati; corolle tubus 5-8 lin. longus, superne paulum dilatatus, intus villosus, limbus lobis rotundis, patentibus, quam tubus dimidio brevioribus, os villosum. Capsula didymo-globosa, 3 lin. diametro, hirsuta, lobis calycinis coronata ; semina pauca, com- pressa, testa irregulariter alata.—Rogiera amena, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, v. (1849), p. et t. 442; Rogiera menechma, Planch. loc. cit.; Paxt. Fl. Gard. 11. p. 41, cum ic. xylogr.; Rondeletia versicolor, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4579 ; Rogiera versicolor, Lem. Jard.-Fleur. ii. t. 112 ; Rogiera latifolia, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 21; Rogiera rugosa, Benth. loc. cit. ; Rogiera latifolia, Dene. in Rev. Hort. 1853, p. 121, t. 7; Rondeletia macrophylla hort. NicaraGua, Segovia (irsted, 76); Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted, 61); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1182; Bridges). Hb. Kew. There are both long- and short-styled flowers. 3. Rondeletia buddleoides, Benth. (Char. reform.) Ramis teretibus gracilibus glabris, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis acutis discoloribus supra nitidis ~ subtus albo-tomentosis, floribus parvis tetrameris plus minusve albo-tomentosis sessilibus cymoso-paniculatis, paniculis angustis thyrsoideis terminalibus, calycis lobis parvis inzequalibus lineari-oblongis obtusis, corolle tubo gracili circiter 3 lin. longo, lobis rotundatis, ore nudo, capsula subglobosa vix 2 lin. diametro. Frutex 4-5-pedalis, ramis teretibus, gracilibus, cito glabris. Folia petiolata, subcoriacea, lanceo- lata, 3-4-pollicaria, longe acuminata, acuta, margine revoluta, discoloria, supra glaberrima, nitida, subtus albo-tomentosa, petiolo gracili, 2-3 lin. longo; stipule ovato-lanceolatz. Flores tetrameri, sessiles, cymoso-paniculati; panicule angustez, thrysoide, terminales, 3-4- pollicares ; calycis lanati lobi lineari-oblongi, obtusi, circiter semilineam longi, reflexi; corolla tubus plus minusve tomentosus, tenuis, cylindricus, 3-4 lin. longus, intus hirsutus, limbus lobis rotundatis, os nudum. Capsula parva, globosa.—Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 69. Arachnothryx buddleoides, Planch. in FI. des Serres, v. p. 442. SoutH Mexico, Llano Verde (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 4. Rondeletia capitellata, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 28. Strigilloso-pilosa, ramis teretibus vel infra nodos tetragonis, foliis membranaceis lauceolato-oblongis utrinque attenuatis nervis lateralibus subtus conspicuis, floribus parvis tetrameris subsessilibus spe capitellatis, capitellis breviter pedunculatis in paniculas angustas terminales dispositis, calycis lobis ovato-oblongis obtusis reflexis, corolle tubo gracili 3-4 lin. longo, lobis rotun- datis undulatis, ore nudo. Frutex, ramis teretibus vel infra nodos tetragonis, junioribus cinereo-strigillosis. Folza petiolata, submembranacea, lanceolato-oblonga, 3—5-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, acuta, precipue subtus strigilloso-pilosa, et nervis lateralibus conspicuis, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo; stipule lanceolato-subulate, 3-4 lin. longe. Flores tetrameri, plus minusve cinereo-strigillosi, sub- sessiles, seepe capitellati, capitellis breviter pedunculatis; calycis lobi ovato-oblongi, obtusi, 4-3 lin. longi, reflexi; corolle tubus gracilis, cylindricus, 3-4 lin. longus, limbus lobis rotun- datis, undulatis, os nudum. Capsula ignota. 2 ve . a air BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Aprid 1881. bug ae d 18 RUBIACEZ. SoutH Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 390, 376), Joya, Oaxaca (Liebmann, 202). Hb. Kew. 5. Rondeletia cordata, Benth. (Char. reform.) Glabrescens, ramis teretibus vel inflorescentie ramulis quadrangulatis, foliis subsessilibus sub- coriaceis ainplis cordato-oblongis vel cordato-ovatis acuminatis, stipulis foliaceis, floribus pentameris obscure puberulis cymoso-corymbosis pedicellatis, corymbis terminalibus pyrami- datis, calycis lobis parvis triangularibus obtusissimis, corolle tubo 3-5 lin. longo crassiusculo intus hirsuto, lobis rotundatis farinaceis, ore villoso-barbato. Frutex 4-8-pedalis (Hartweg), arbor formosa (Salvin), ramis teretibus vel supremis quadrangulatis. Folia subsessilia, cordato-ovata vel cordato-oblonga, 4-8-pollicaria, acuminata, obtusa, sub- coriacea, primo parce puberula, dein glabra, petiolo brevissimo, crasso; stipule foliacese, circiter 6 lin. longz, reflexee. Flores roseo-albi, pentameri, plus minusve puberuli, cymoso- corymbosi, breviter pedicellati, corymbis terminalibus, pyramidatis; calycis viridis lobi sub- ineequales, triangulari-rotundati, circiter } lin. longi; corolle tubus crassiusculus, 3-5 lin. longus, superne leviter dilatatus, intus hirsutus, limbus lobis parvis, rotundatis, farinaceis, os villoso-barbatum. Capsula globosa, 14 lin. diametro.—Rondeletia cordata, Benth. Pl., Hartw. p. 85 ; Rogiera cordata, Planch. in FI. des Serres, série 1, v. p. 442 a, vill. t. 754. Guarmwana, declivities near the city of Guatemala (Hartweg), Volcan de Fuego, 6500 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. The flowers of this species are dimorphic in the relative length of the style and stamens. 6. Rondeletia dubia, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 28. Ramis supremis subtetragonis, foliis petiolatis ovatis junioribus supra dense pubescentibus subtus saltem junioribus albo-lanatis, floribus lanatis tetrameris dense cymoso-corymbosis, corymbis interdum capituliformibus, calycis lobis lineari-lanceolatis acutis vel obtusis tubo longioribus, corolle tubo cylindrico vel sursum leviter dilatato, lobis oblongo-rotundatis undulatis, ore nudo. Frutex plus minusve lanatus, ramis supremis subtetragonis. Folia breviter petiolata, ovata, circiter bipollicaria, acuminata, acuta, discoloria, supra pubescentia, subtus, saltem juniora, albo- lanata, petiolo 14-3 lin. longo; stipule subscariose, lanceolato-subulate, 4-5 lin. longe. Flores lanati, tetrameri, breviter pedicellati, dense cymoso-corymbosi; corymbi bracteati, interdum capituliformes ; calycis lobi lineari-lanceolati, obtusi vel acuti, 14-2 lin. longi; corolle tubus cylindricus vel sursum leviter dilatatus, 4-6 lin. longus, extus lanatus, intus puberulus, limbus lobis oblongo-rotundatis, undulatis, os nudum; ovarium dense lanatum, multiovulatum.—Bouvardia discolor, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 428. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2057) ; South Mexico, between Tehuantepec and Boca del Monte (Andrieur, 334). Hb. Kew. This is closely allied to R. leucophylla, of which some botanists might consider it a variety ; but it differs in its stouter branches, relatively broad leaves much more hairy above, and in the sherter more densely woolly flowers. 7. Rondeletia elongata, Bartl. “Folis elliptico-oblongis utrinque acuminatis, supra pubescentibus, subtus albido-tomentosis demum calvescentibus, stipulis lanceolatis petiolos equantibus, paniculis terminalibus longe pedunculatis, floribus congestis, lobis calycinis linearibus tubo corollino triplo brevioribus. RUBIACEZ. - 19 Media fere inter R. pubescentem et leucophyllam.”—DC. Prodr. iv. p. 409. Arachnothryx elongata, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, v. p. 442. SourH Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). 8. Rondeletia gracilis, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars tertia, p. 53. Glabrescens, ramulis gracilibus, foliis membranaceis graciliter petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis fere omnino glabris, floribus parvis tetrameris parce arachnoideo-pubescentibus sub- sessilibus capitellatis, capitellis breviter pedunculatis in racemos terminales dispositis, calycis lobis lineari-lanceolatis inzequalibus, corolle lobis undulatis, ore nudo, capsula minus lineam diametro. Frutex, ramulis gracilibus, teretibus, cito glabrescentibus. Folia membranacea, graciliter petiolata, oblongo-lanceolata, 4-6-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, apice obtusiuscula, supra glaberrima, nitida, subtus cito glabrescentia et demum glaberrima, venis lateralibus distantibus, latiusculis, prominulis ; petiolus circiter semipollicaris ; stipule e basi latiore acuminate, acutz, 13-2 lineas long. Flores parvi (4-5 lineas longi), parce arachnoideo-pubescentes, tetrameri, subsessiles, capitellati; capitella 2-6-flora, breviter pedunculata, in racemos terminales 4-6 poll. longes disposita ; calycis lobi parvi, lineari-lanceolati, ineequales; corollz tubus gracilis, lobi breves, rotundati, undulati, os nudum. Capsula minus quam lineam diametro ; semina non visa. GuatemaLa, Alta Vera Paz, 3600 feet (Tiirckheim, 404). Hb. Kew. 9. Rondeletia gratissima, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 25. Glabrescens, ramis teretibus crassiusculis, foliis valde coriaceis oblongo-ellipticis breviter acuminatis mucronulatis, floribus leviter puberulis pentameris pedicellatis cymoso-corymbosis, corymbis amplis terminalibus hemisphericis, calycis lobis minutis inzequalibus, corolle tubo fere cylin- drico intus hirsuto, lobis parvis rotundatis planis farinaceis, ore dense villoso-barbato. Frutex, preter flores, glaber (“ glabrescens, ramulis tantum inflorescentiz, ramis petiolis floribusque puberulis,” Planchon, loc. inf. cit.). Folia petiolata, oblongo-elliptica, 2-23-pollicaria, mucro- nulata, basi rotundata, valde coriacea, opaca, glabra, petiolo crasso, circiter 2 lin. longo; stipulz triangulari-subulate, 2-3 lin. longe. Flores roseo-albi, intus flavi, pentameri, extus leviter puberuli, pedicellati, cymoso-corymbosi; corymbi terminales, densi, hemispherici, 2-4 poll. diametro, bracteis minutissimis suffulti; calycis rubescentis lobi inzequales, minus quam 3 lin. longi; corollz tubus gracilis, fere cylindricus, circiter 6 lin. longus, extus puberulus, intus hirsutus, limbus lobis rotundatis, 1 lin. diametro, farinaceis, os dense barbato-villosum ; ovarium 4 lin. diametro, ovulis numerosissimis.—Rogiera gratissima, Planch. in FI. des Serres, t. 1570, 1571; R. elegantissima, Regel, Gartenflora, t. 490. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Our description was drawn up from a cultivated specimen, in which the styles were less than half the length of the tube of the corolla, and the stamens inserted near the mouth. 10. Rondeletia intermedia, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 26. Foliis glabrescentibus breviter petiolatis ovato-ellipticis acuminatis obtusis vel subacutis, stipulis amplis reflexis, floribus pentameris cano-pubescentibus laxe cymoso-corymbosis breviter pedi- cellatis, calycis lobis ovato-oblongis subacutis, corolle tubo subcylindrico intus squamuloso- villoso, lobis rotundatis, ore squamuloso-villoso. Frutex, ramis teretibus aut supremis quadrangulatis et puberulis. Folva breviter petiolata, ovato- elliptica vel fere rotundata, 3-4-pollicaria, obtusa vel subacuta, basi rotundata vel leviter d 2 20 RUBIACEA. cordata, vix coriacea, juniora tamen puberula, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo; stipule oblongz, obtuse, 3-4 lin. longe, reflexee. Flores roseo-albi, pentameri, cano-pubescentes, laxe cymoso-corymbos!, breviter pedicellati ; corymbi terminales, trichotomi ; calycis lobi ovato-oblongi, subacuti, colorati (ut videtur), subineequales, 3-1 lin. longi; corolle tubus subcylindricus, 4-5 lin. longus, intus squamuloso-villosus, limbus lobis rotundatis, os villoso-squamulosum ; ovarium circiter 1 lin. diametro, multiovulatum. South Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 1659 & 1661), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jur- gensen, 798). Hb. Kew. Intermediate between R. cordata and R. amena, and also having dimorphic flowers. 11. Rondeletia jurgensenii, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 29. Foliis petiolatis membranaceis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis glabris ad apices ramulorum confertis, floribus glabris tetrameris cymosis, cymis axillaribus et terminalibus paucifloris, calycis lobis linearibus obtusis, corolle tubo gracili sursum leviter ampliato intus puberulo, lobis rotundatis undulatis, ore nudo. Frutex glaber, ramis teretibus. Folia ad apices ramulorum conferta, petiolata, membranacea, ovato- lanceolata, *2-24-pollicaria, acuminata, acuta, basi cuneata, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo; stipule parve, decidue. Flores glabri, tetrameri, pedicellati, cymosi; cymz axillares vel terminales, pauciflore, 14~2-pollicares ; calycis lobi lineares, obtusi, 1 lin. longi; corolle tubus gracilis, sursum leviter ampliatus, 6-8 lin. longus, intus puberulus, limbus lobis rotundatis, undulatis, os nudum ; ovula numerosissima. Capsule valve demum usque ad basin fisse, ita ut 4-valvis evadit ; semina ? SoutH Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 248). Hb. Kew. 12. Rondeletia laniflora, Benth. (Char. reform.) Folis amplis lanceolato-oblongis ellipticisve utrinque attenuatis supra glabris subtus incanis, floribus tetrameris extus arachnoideo-pubescentibus anguste cymoso-paniculatis brevissime pedicellatis, calycis lobis brevibus valde inzqualibus, corolle tubo angusto superne paullo dilatato, lobis brevibus suborbicularibus undulatis, ore nudo, capsula hirsuta oblonga, seminibus numerosis- simis angulatis punctulatis. . Frutex 8-10-pedalis, ramis teretibus, junioribus incanis. Folia petiolata, lanceolato-oblonga vel elliptica, 4-7-pollicaria, utrinque acuminata, acuta vel obtusa, discoloria, supra cito glabrescentia, subtus cano vel fulvo arachnoideo-lanata, petiolo 3-6 lin. longo; stipule ovato-lanceolate, 2-4 lin. longe, valde acuminate. Flores tetrameri, extus arachnoideo-pubescentes, cymoso- paniculati, conferti, brevissime pedicellati; panicule terminales vel laterales, 4-8-pollicares ; . cyme pedunculate, multiflore ; bractee minute ; calycis lobi inequales, 1-24 lin. longi, per- sistentes ; corollz tubus fere cylindricus, vel sursum leviter et sensim ampliatus, gracilis, circiter 6 lin. longus, limbus lobis brevibus, suborbicularibus, valde undulatis, os nudum. Capsula hirsuta, oblonga, compressa, 3 lin. longa, calycis lobis coronata; semina numerosissima, parva, irregulariter cubica, scrobiculata.— Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 85. Arachnothryz laniflora, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, v. p. 442. SoutH Muxico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2618), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 918), Orizaba (Botteri, 1016, 1071); Guaremata, Sierra de Las Nubes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. The Mexican specimens we have referred to this species have broader leaves than the type, and rather smaller flowers with long styles, the original specimens having short styles. RUBIACEA, 21 13. Rondeletia leucophylla, H. B. K. (Char. reform.) Ramis teretibus gracilibus, foliis membranaceis lineari-lanceolatis acutis discoloribus subtus cano- lanatis, floribus tetrameris lanatis breviter pedicellatis dense cymoso-corymbosis, corymbis ter- minalibus axillaribusve pedunculatis seepe capitiformibus, calycis lobis lineari-lanceolatis acutis, corolle tubo gracili cylindrico, lobis rotundatis planis, ore nudo. Frutex plus minusve lanatus, ramis teretibus, gracilibus. Folia breviter petiolata, membranacea, lineari-lanceolata, 2-3-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, acuta, discoloria, supra pilosula, subtus albo-lanata, petiolo circiter 1 lin. longo; stipule lanceolato-subulate, 3-4 lin. longe. Flores lanati, tetrameri, breviter pedicellati, dense cymoso-corymbosi ; corymbi terminales vel axillares, pedunculati, seepe capitiformes ; calycis lobi lineari-lanceolati, circiter 2 lin. longi, acuti, erecti ; corollz tubus gracilis, cylindricus, 6-8 lin. longus, extus albo-lanceolatus, intus puberulus, limbus lobis rotundatis, planis, os nudum; ovarium lanatum, multiovulatum. “‘ Capsula sub- globosa, calyce coronata, albo-tomentosa, magnitudine bacce Piperis nigri, loculicido-bivalva ; semina creberrima, minutissima, subrotunda, ovata aut angulata, fuscescentia, reticulato-scabri- uscula.”—H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 895, t. 290. Arachnothryx leucophylla, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, v. p. 442. Sout Mexico, between Alto del Peregrino and the Rio Papagallo (Humboldt & Bonpland), Guatulco (Liebmann, 30), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 149). Hb. Kew. 14. Rondeletia ligustroides, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 26. Ramis elongatis gracillimis, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis oblongisve insigniter acuminatis obtusis vel acutis, floribus parvis extus sepissime omnino glabris (sed calyce interdum puberula) pentameris trichotomo-cymosis pedicellatis, cymis parvis ramulis fere filiformibus, calyce parvo minute 5-dentato, corolle tubo cylindrico circiter 8-4 lin. longo, lobis brevibus rotundatis, ore flavo-villoso, capsula globosa parva, seminibus lenticularibus punctatis. Frutex omnino glaberrimus, vel floribus interdum leviter puberulis, ramis elongatis, gracillimis. Folia petiolata, ovato-lanceolata vel oblonga, insigniter acuminata, obtusa vel acuta, 2—4-pollicaria, chartacea, subtus in axillis venarum leviter barbata, petiolo gracili 2-4 lin. longo; stipule parve, triangulari-acute. Flores (rosei?) pentameri, extus sepissime glaberrimi, pedicellati, tricho- tomo-cymosi ; cyme parve, terminales vel laterales, ramulis fere filiformibus ; bractese minu- tissimee ; calyx interdum puberulus, vix 1 lin. longus, brevissime 5-dentatus, dentibus zqualibus, triangularibus ; corolle tubus cylindricus, 3—4 lin. longus, intus pubescens, limbus lobis parvis, rotundatis, os valde barbato-villosum, flavum. Capsula globosa, 14 lin. diametro, glabra vel interdum leviter puberula; semina numerosissima, lenticularia, punctata. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 474, 971, 951; Miller, 969, 1308; Bourgeau, 2622, 2518). Hb. Kew. A very distinct species in its slender branches, glabrous acuminate leaves, and small flowers. 15. Rondeletia linguiformis, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 29. Ramis glaberrimis teretibus, foliis glaberrimis ovato-oblongis acuminatis, stipulis amplis lingui- formibus, floribus sericeis tetrameris numerosissimis dense hemispherico-corymbosis subses- silibus, calycis lobis inzequalibus, corolle lobis subquadratis farinosis, ore nec villoso nec annuloso, capsula globosa polysperma, seminibus angulatis. Frutex, ramis teretibus, glaberrimis. Folia glaberrima, petiolata, elliptico-oblonga, 3—4-pollicaria, 22 RUBIACEZ. acuminata, obtusa vel acutiuscula, basi attenuata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo; stipule 3-6 lin. longze, obovato-spathulate, mucronate. Flores sericei, mediocres, numerosissimi, corymbosi, subsessiles ; corymbi terminales, densi, ampli, subhemispherici ; bracteze et bracteolz lineares ; calycis lobi inzquales, oblongo-obovati, 3} lin. longi ; corolle tubus circiter 4 lin. longus, sursum leviter et sensim ampliatus, extus pubescens, intus glaber, limbus lobis patentibus, circiter 2 lin. longis, subquadrato-oblongis, obtusis, supra farinosis, os nudum ; ovarium sericeum. Capsula subglobosa, ad 3 lin. diametro, polysperma ; semina irregulariter angulata, reticulato-tuberculata. GuateMALa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. We have seen only one specimen of this, in which the style is about half as long as the corolla-tube, and the stamens are inserted just within the throat. 16. Rondeletia nicaraguensis, érst. ‘Ramis teretibus puberulis, foliis brevissime petiolatis oblongis coriaceis supra hirsutiusculis violaceo-viridibus subtus villosiusculis pallidis, cymis lateralibus parvis contractis, calycis laciniis tubo longioribus acutiusculis, corolle pentamerz villosissime tubo supra medium ampliato. Folia 2 poll. longa, 14 poll. lata, petiolis 2-3-linearibus, nervis primariis distinctis parallelis, secundariis vix ullis. Stipule 3-4 lin. longe acuminate hirsute. Corolle 5 lin. longe.”—Cirsted in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 21. Nicaracua, Segovia (Zirsted); Panama (Henke). We have not seen any specimens of this species. 17. Rondeletia nitida, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 29. Ramis gracilibus, foliis discoloribus subtus incanis supra nitidis lanceolatis, stipulis ovato-lanceo- latis longe acuminatis, floribus cymoso-paniculatis cano-ramentaceis tetrameris, paniculis paucifloris, calycis lobis izqualibus orbiculari-oblongis, corollz tubo cylindrico, lobis orbicu- laribus undulatis, ore nudo. Frutex, ramis teretibus, gracilibus, glabris. Folia petiolata, anguste lanceolata, 2—4-pollicaria, utringue valde acuminata, vix acuta, margine recurva, discoloria, supra nitida, infra inter nervos secundarios distantes incana, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo; stipule ovato-lanceolate, acumi- nat, ad 2 lin. longe. Flores (rosei, Linden) cano-ramentacei, mediocres, cymoso-paniculati, breviter pedicellati; panicule terminales, pauciflorz, bracteis linearibus obtusis munite ; calycis lobi inzequales, orbiculari-oblongi, }~2 lin. longi; corolla tubus cylindricus, circiter 6 lin. longus, intus basin versus sparse pilosulus, limbus lobis patentibus, orbicularibus undulatis, os nudum; ovarium parvum, subglobosum ; ovula numerosissima. South Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 1660; Ghiesbreght, 728). Hb. Kew. The flowers are dimorphic, those of Linden’s specimen having a style as long as the tube of the corolla and the stamens attached about halfway down; whilst in Ghies- breght’s specimen the style is less than half the length of the tube and the stamens are attached near its summit. Both forms appear to be fertile; but there are no mature seed-vessels. (18. Rondeletia odorata, Jacq. Amer. p. 59, t. 42. R. speciosa, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1893, is a native of Cuba, and also of Mexico, ac- - cording to DC. Prodr. iv. p. 408 ; but we have only seen Cuban specimens. | RUBIACEA. 23 19. Rondeletia panamensis, DC. (Char. reform.) Ramis teretibus junioribus villosis, foliis amplis ovato-oblongis ovato-lanceolatisve sparse puberulis minute reticulato-venosis, floribus pentameris villosis breviter pedicellatis trichotomo-cymosis, calycis lobis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, corolle tubo cylindrico, lobis orbicularibus, ore annulo cincto, capsula villosa lobis calycinis coronata, seminibus numerosis alatis. Frutex 12-15-pedalis (8. Hayes), ramis crassiusculis, junioribus tamen villosis. Folia petiolata, subcoriacea, ovato-lanceolata vel ovato-oblonga, sepe 3-5-pollicaria, interdum longiora, utrinque attenuata, obtusiuscula, juniora puberula, sed cito glabra, minute insigniterque reticulato- venosa, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo ; stipule triangulargs, acute, 2-3 lin. longe, patentes, persistentes. Flores villosi, pentameri, breviter pedicellati, cymoso-aggregati; cymz dense, trichotome, bracteis amplis munite; calycis lobi lanceolati, acuti, 2-3 lin. longi; corolle tubus sursum leviter dilatatus, 5-6 lin. longus, crassiusculus, extus villosus, intus glaber, limbus lobis orbi- cularibus planis, glabris, os annulo cinctum. Capsula villosa, subglobosa, circiter 3 lin. diametro, calycis lobis coronata; semina numerosa, alata.—DC. Prodr. iv. p. 408. Panama (S. Hayes, 183), Darien (Seemann). Hb. Kew. Seemann (Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 136) reduces #. eriantha, Benth., to this; but it differs widely in the venation of the leaves, in the calyx-lobes, seeds, &c. 20. Rondeletia roezlii, Hemsley. “ Foliis oblongis (1-4 poll. longis) acuminatis chartaceis (haud crassis) ; laciniis calycinis lanceo- lato-linearibus acutiusculis tubo sesquilongioribus; corolle tubo sursum leviter et sensim amplhiato; filamentis supra tubi corollini medium insertis, quam anthere e fauce semiexsertz paululum longioribus; polline flavescenti-albido; stylo dimidium tubi parum superante ; divisuris stigmaticis linearibus.”—Rogiera roezlii, Planch. in FI. des Serres, v. p. 442. R. elegans, Planch. l.c. ‘ Foliis et inflorescentia R. roezlii; divisuris calycinis tubo brevioribus ; filamentis medio tubi corollini insertis ; stylo exserto; divisuris stigmaticis lmearibus.” GUATEMALA. 21. Rondeletia scabra, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 29. Ramis teretibus junioribus hispido-pilosis, foliis ovato-oblongis utrinque attenuatis acutis supra scabridis subtus precipue in nervis lateralibus prominentibus hispido-pilosis, floribus tetra- meris strigillosis breviter pedicellatis in cymas breviter pedunculatas subtrifloras dispositis, calycis laciniis lanceolato-subulatis corolle zquilongis, corolle tubo cylindrico, lobis rotundatis undulatis, ore nudo. Frutex vel arbor, ramis teretibus, junioribus hispido-pilosis. Folia petiolata, subcoriacea, ovato- oblonga, 3-4-pollicaria, utrinque attenuata, acuta, supra scabrida, subtus precipue in nervis lateralibus conspicuis piloso-hispida, petiolo 3-6 lin. longo; stipule lanceolato-subulate, 3-4 lin. longe. Flores tetrameri, strigillosi, breviter pedicellati, in cymas breviter peduncu- latas subtrifloras dispositi ; calycis lobi lanceolato-subulati, circiter 6 lin. longi, extus intusque strigillosi; corollze tubus cylindricus, extus strigilloso-pilosus, intus puberulus, 6 lin. longus, limbus lobis rotundatis, undulatis, os nudum; ovarium multiovulatum. Capsula a nobis ignota. SoutH Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 926). Hb. Kew. This is near F. pilosa, differing in its shortly pedunculate cymes &c. 24 RUBIACE. 22. Rondeletia stenosiphon, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 26. Ramis quadrangulatis junioribus parce strigulosis, foliis amplis coriaceis late ovato-ellipticis subtus precipue secus costam strigulosis, stipulis lanceolatis acuminatis, floribus pentameris cano- vel fulvo-pubescentibus laxe cymoso-corymbosis brevissime pedicellatis, calycis lobis minutis inzequalibus, corolle tubo fere filiformi, lobis brevibus oblongis, ore valde squamuloso-villoso. _ Frutex vel arbor, ramis quadrangulatis, junioribus strigulosis. Folia petiolata, coriacea, late ovato- elliptica, circiter 5-pollicaria (inferiora fortasse grandiora), suprema multo minora, obtusiuscula, concoloria, infra secus costam strigulosa, ceeterum glabra, petiolo 3-6 lin. longo ; stipule lanceo- late, longe acuminate. Flores pentamerigcano- vel cymoso-corymbosi, fulvo-pubescentes, laxe brevissime pedicellati ; corymbi terminales, ternatim ramosi; bracteze minutissime ; calycis lobi minuti, inzequales; corolle tubus filiformis, 4-5 lin. longus, intus squamuloso-villosus, limbus lobis parvis, oblongis, os valde squamuloso-villosum; ovarium globosum, 4 lin. diametro. Capsula ignota. Souta Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson). Hb. Kew. The only specimen we have seen has an exserted style, and the stamens nearly reach the mouth of the tube of the corolla. 23. Rondeletia strigosa, Hemsley. Ramis teretibus rigidis coyrugatis trichotomis, foliis subsessilibus ternatim verticillatis lanceolato- ovatis valde acuminatis acutis strigillosis, floribus pentameris paucis ad apices ramulorum congestis, calycis lobis lineari-lanceolatis acutis quam tubus corollinus dimidio brevioribus, corolle tubo leviter strigilloso fere cylindrico, lobis obovato-spathulatis, ore flavo-villoso, capsula globosa ad 3 lin. diametro. Frutex, ramis rigidis, teretibus, corrugatis, glabris, trichotomis. Folia subsessilia, subcoriacea, ternatim verticillata, lanceolata, ovata vel fere elliptica, 1-2-pollicaria, acuminata, acuta, utrinque plus minusve strigillosa, nervis lateralibus conspicuis. Flores pentameri, strigilloso- pilosi, pauci in apices ramulorum congesti, breviter pedicellati; calycis lobi lineares, lanceolati, acuti, 4-5 lin. longi, patentes; corolle tubus fere cylindricus, 9-12 lin. longus, limbus lobis obovato-spathulatis vel fere orbicularibus, os flavo-villosum. Capsula globosa, 3 lin. diametro; semina ’—Bouvardia strigosa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 75. Guatemaa, Zunil (Hartweg), Volcan de Fuego, 6000 to 6400 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. | 24, Rondeletia villosa, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 27. Novellis plus minusve villosis, foliis membranaceis amplis oblongo-ellipticis discoloribus subtus incanis, floribus parvis tetrameris cano-sericeis et strigillosis sessilibus vel brevissime pedicellatis in cymas paucifloras breviter pedunculatas aggregatis, cymis in paniculas angustas elongatas spiciformes dispositis, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis inequalibus tubo longioribus, corolle tubo tenui, lobis rotundatis undulatis, ore nudo, capsula subglobosa, seminibus angulatis punctulatis. Frutex, novellis plus minusve villosis. Folia petiolata, membranacea, oblongo-elliptica, 4—6-pollicaria, utrinque acuminata, discoloria, supra parce villosula, subtus in costa nervisque strigilloso- villosa, inter nervos cano arachnoideo-lanata, petiolo villoso, 2—4 lineas longo ; stipule ovato- lanceolate, acute, circiter 6 lin. longe. Flores (albi, Linden) parvi, tetrameri, extus cano-lanati, simul plus minusve strigillosi, sessiles vel brevissime pedicellati, in cymas paucifloras conferti, bracteis parvis interspersi ; cymz brevissime pedunculate, in paniculas angustas elongatas RUBIACEZ. , 25. (6-8 poll.) spiciformes terminales et laterales dispositz ; calycis lobi oblongi, obtusi, inzequales, tubo longiores; corolle tubus tenuis, cylindricus, 4-5 lin. longus, intus glaber, limbus lobis -parvis, rotundatis, undulatis, os nudum. Capsula glabrescens, subglobosa, circiter 2 lin. dia- metro; semina numerosissima, parva, angulata, punctulata. SoutH Mexico, San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 806), Tabasco (Linden, 145), Tra- piche de la Concepcion (Liebmann, 70). Hb. Kew. Among the specimens at Kew are both long- and short-styled flowers. The following is an arrangement of the species of Rondeletia according to their affinities :— § 1. Flores pentameri, corolle ore annulo cincto. R. panamensis et odorata. § 2. Flores pentameri, corollz ore plus minusve villoso. A. Foliis oppositis. R. gratissima, roezlit, stenosiphon, amena, intermedia, cordata, ligustroides et nicaraguensis. B. Foliis ternatim verticillatis. f. strigosa. § 8. Flores tetrameri, corolle ore nec annulo cincto nec villoso-barbato. A. Floribus plus minusve arachnoideo-pubescentibus cymosis, cymis seepissime in paniculas angustas elongatas spiciformes dispositis, interdum capitiformibus. R. villosa, laniflora, affinis, capitellata, gracilis, buddleoides, dubia, leucophylla, elongata et nitida. . B. Floribus glabris vel saltem haud arachnoideo-pubescentibus, inflorescentia varia, sed non anguste paniculata. R. jurgensent, scabra et linguiformis. 18. ELZZAGIA. Eleagia, Wedd. Monogr. Cinch. p. 94; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 50. Three species of tall trees, inhabiting the Andes of Colombia and Peru, and Costa Rica. 1. Eleagia auriculata, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 32. Ramis crassis tetragonis, foliis puberulis amplis late ellipticis basi auriculatis, floribus pedicellatis racemoso-paniculatis, paniculis amplis laxis, ramis lateralibus patentibus, corolla alte 5-partita squamuloso-barbata, segmentis recurvo-revolutis, filamentis infra medium squamuloso-barbatis, ‘stylo bifido ramulis crassiusculis. Arbor, ramis ultimis crassis, tetragonis, puberulis. Folia brevissime petiolata, puberula, subcoriacea, ovato-elliptica vel fere obovata, suprema 5-7-pollicaria, basi auriculata, venis lateralibus paral- BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Aprid 1881. , é 26 a RUBIACEZ. lelis conspicuis ; stipulz ample, intrapetiolares. Flores albi (Endres), pedicellati, racemoso- paniculati; panicula ample, laxe, ramulis lateralibus patentibus ; calycis limbus cupularis, vix lobatus ; corolla alte 5-partita, segmentis oblongis, recurvo-revolutis, intus squamuloso-barbatis ; stamina exserta, filamentis infra medium squamuloso-barbatis ; ovarium biloculare, multiovu- latum, stylo bifido ramis crassiusculis. Capsula non visa. Costa Rica, at 4500 feet (Endres, 95). Hb. Kew. 19. LINDENIA. Lindenia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 84, 351; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 51. Besides the following shrubby species, there is another, which inhabits New Caledonia and the Fiji Islands. . 1. Lindenia acutiflora, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 475. Sout Mexico, near rivulets, Vera Cruz, at 800 to 2000 feet, and Oaxaca (Galeotti, 1572, 1573), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Linden, 358). Hb. Kew. 2. Lindenia rivalis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 84, 351; Hook. Ic. Pl. t.476; Bot. Mag. t. 5258. Sourn Mexico, Parra del Correa (Liebmann, 5), banks of the Rio Teapa (Linden, 331); Guaremaa, Vera Paz (Hartweg); San Satvapor, Libertad (Barclay); Nicaragua, between Segovia and Tortuga (Crsted) ; Costa Rica, Guanacaste (Ersted). Hb. Kew. 20. DEPPEA. Deppea, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 747; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 52. (Choristes, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 63. This genus consists of slender-branched shrubs, restricted to Mexico and Central America. 1. Deppea cornifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 349. Choristes cornifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 64, in adnot. Rondeletia cornifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 39. SoutH Mexico, copse wood, Morelia (Hartwegq), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgen sen, 828). Hb. Kew. 2. Deppea costa-ricensis, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 566. Costa Rica, Desengafio, near Alajuela (Polakowsky). 3. Deppea erythrorhiza, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 168. Deppea hedyotidea, DC. Prodr. iv. p.618; Endl. Atakta, p. 25, t. 24. SoutH Mexico, Barranca de Tioselo (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. RUBIACEA. yi 4. Deppea floribunda, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 31, (Tab. XXXVIITI. fige. 7-10.) Glabrescens, novellis sparse puberulis, internodiis longiusculis, foliis pro genere magnis longe petio- latis membranaceis nitidis lanceolato-oblongis longe acuminatis basi valde attenuatis, floribus tetrameris pedicellatis cymosis, cymis amplis multifloris terminalibus axillaribusque, calycis tubo 8-costato, corollz lobis ovato-oblongis obtusis quam tubus duplo longioribus, capsula clavato- pyriformi, seminibus minutis punctatis. Frutex glabrescens, ramis elongatis, internodiis longiusculis. Folia adulta glabra, petiolata, mem- branacea, nitida, lanceolato-oblonga, 3—6-pollicaria vel interdum longiora, longe acuminata, obtusiuscula, basi valde attenuata, petiolo 6-9 lin. longo, gracili ; stipule parvee cito decidue. Flores tetrameri, pedicellati, unilatere cymosi; cyme swpissime terminales, multiflore, ebrac- teate ; calyx puberulus, 1 lin. longus, tubo 8-costato, dentibus subinequalibus, triangularibus acutis vel obtusis, quam tubus brevioribus; corolla 3-4 lin. longa, segmentis ovato-oblongis, obtusis, quam tubus duplo longioribus ; stamina fauci tubi inserta. Capsula clavato-pyriformis, 2 lin. longa; semina minuta, punctulata. Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 937, 894, in part), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7008), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 515). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXVIII. Free. 7-10. Fig. 7, flowering branch, natural size; 8, a flower, enlarged ; 9, the same laid open; 10, fruit, natural size. 5. Deppea grandiflora, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 748. Souta Mexico, temperate region (Lezbold). 6. Deppea obtusiflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 349. Choristes obtusiflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 63. Souta Mexico, Llano Verde (Hartweg), damp woods at 5000 to 6000 feet in the Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7005), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 360). Hb. Kew. 7. Deppea pubescens, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 31. Pubescens, ramis teretibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis, floribus tetrameris pedicellatis cymosis, cymis di-, trichotomis foliis equilongis ramulis filiformibus, calyce ecostato, corolla rotata 2-3 lin. diametro, capsula pubescente oblonga. Frutex, ramis teretibus. Folia petiolata, chartacea, ovato-lanceolata, 2-3-pollicaria, acuminata, obtusiuscula, basi cuneata, adulta utrinque pubescentia, venis lateralibus curvatis subtus con- spicuis, petiolo gracili, 3-9 lin. longo; stipule parve, triangulares, persistentes. Flores tetra- meri, pedicellati, cymosi; cyme di-, trichotome laxe, axillares terminalesque, foliis subsequi- longe, ramulis pedicellisque filiformibus ; calycis tubus ecostatus, dentes parvi, persistentes ; corolla rotata, 2-3 lin. diametro. Capsula oblonga, pubescens ; semina minuta, punctulata. Sour Mexico, Santa Gertrudis (Ziebmann, 65). Hb. Kew. 8. Deppea tenuiflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 349. Sour Mexico, San Bartolo, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. é 2 28 RUBIACEZ. 9. Deppea umbellata, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, P. 31. (Tab. XXXVIII. figg. 1-6.) | Ramis teretibus gracillimis junioribus puberulis, foliis petiolatis membranaceis puberulis lanceolatis vel ovatis acuminatis, floribus tetrameris minimis pedicellatis umbellatim cymosis, cymis pedun- culatis axillaribus foliis multoties brevioribus ebracteatis, pedunculis pedicellisque fere filifor- mibus, corolla rotata, capsula turbinata 8-costata, seminibus minutis, testa laxa. Frutex, ramis teretibus, gracillimis, junioribus puberulis. Folia petiolata, membranacea, plus minusve puberula, et subtus in axillis venarum sepe barbata, lanceolata vel ovata, 24-34-pol- licaria, longe acuminata, obtusiuscula, basi cuneata, petiolo gracili, 3-12 lin. longo; stipule parvee, decidue. Flores tetrameri, pedicellati, umbellatim cymosi; cyme axillares, pedicellate, 3-6 lin. longe, pedunculis pedicellisque filiformibus ; calycis tubo 8-costato, dentibus obtusis vel acutis ; corolla rotata, 3 lin. diametro, segmentis ovato-oblongis, obtusis; filamenta brevia ; anthere magne. Capsula turbinata, costata, circiter 1 lin. diametro, dentibus calycinis coronata; semina minuta, testa laxa. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 894 in part; Bourgeau, 2428); Mirador (Lieé- mann, 64). Hb. Kew. . EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXVIII. Free. 1-6. Fig. 1, flowering branch, natural size ; 2, a flower; 3, ditto, fully expanded; 4, ovary; 5, anther, front view ; 6, anther seen from behind: all enlarged. 10. Deppea, sp. ? SouTH Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann, 139, 140). Hb. Kew. 11. Deppea, sp. ? South Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 586). Hb. Kew. 21. LIMNOSIPANIA. Limnosipania, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1050; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 53. Four herbaceous species, inhabiting Tropical America from Panama through Colombia to Guiana and Brazil. 1. Limnosipania palustris, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. sub tab. 1050. Sipania palustris, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 136. PANAMA, in meadows (Seemann, 347).—CotomsBia. Hb. Kew. Tribe VI. HEDYOTIDE. Hedyotidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 8, 13. . Herbs or, more rarely, shrubs. Twenty-six genera, several of them very numerous in species. ; RUBIACEE. 29 22. OLDENLANDIA. Oldenlandia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 154; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p.58. (Gerontogea, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 169.) About seventy species of slender herbs, generally dispersed in tropical and subtropical regions, but most numerous in Asia. 1. Oldenlandia deppeana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 428. Gerontogea deppeana, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 169; Neue Abbild. t. 36. Sour Mexico, San Andres (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Oldenlandia halei, Chapm. F1. S. States, p. 181. Hedyotis halei, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 42. . Fioripa.—Nicaraeua (Lévy, 208)’—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 3. Oldenlandia herbacea, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 425. Hedyotis herbacea, L. Fi. Zeyl. p. 65. Sourn Mexico, Jecaltepec (Liebmann, 145); Guatumaua (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaracva, Javali (Tate, 191); Panama, Empire railway-station (8. Hayes), Chagres (Fendler).—A common weed in TRoPIcAL Countrizs. Hb. Kew. O. corymbosa, Linn., is perhaps the correct name of this species. 4. Oldenlandia latifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 235. Sout Mexico, Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2556). Hb. Kew. This appears to be the same as the next. 5. Oldenlandia microtheca, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 414. Gerontogea microtheca, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 169. Soutn Mexico, Papantla (Schiede), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1572), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2936 ; Botteri, 602), Yecoatla (Liebmann, 142), Mirador (Linden, 1258). Hb. Kew. 6. Oldenlandia umbellata, Linn. ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 426. This doubtful species is recorded by DeCandolle from Mexico, Tropica AFrica, and ASIA. 23. HOUSTONIA. Houstonia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 124; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 60. About twenty species of dwarf herbs, restricted to North America and Mexico. 1. Houstonia angustifolia, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. i. p. 85. Hedyotis stenophylla, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 41. Oldenlandia angustifolia, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. p. 68. Missourr southward to Fioripa and Trxas.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. 30 | RUBIACEE. 2. Houstonia bouvardioides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 60. Hedyotis bouvardioides, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 296, t. 64. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann); GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego, 6500 feet — (Salvin)? Hb. Kew. 3. Houstonia cerulea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 152; Bot. Mag. t. 370. Hedyotis cerulea, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 286. Canapa southward through the Eastern States.—MeExico, Orizaba (Botteri). Hb. Kew. | 4, Houstonia humifusa, Hemsley. Hedyotis humifusa, A. Gray, Pl. Lindh. ii. p. 216. Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 301). Hb. Kew. 5. Houstonia longiflora, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. iv. p. 314. Bouvardia longiflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 386; Bot. Mag. t. 4223. Aiginetia longiflora, Cav. Ic. vi. t. 572. fig. 1. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 573) ; SoutH Mexico, Tehuacan and Morelia, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2637, 2652), San Felipe (Liebmann), near Oaxaca (Andrieux, 336), plain of Actopan (Hartweg), Santa Anita, &c., at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght), without localities (Schaffner, Bates, Keerl, and others); Guaremata (Skinner); Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. | 6. Houstonia purpurea, Linn. Sp. Pl. i. p. 105; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1621; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 40. PENNSYLVANIA to ILLINoIs and southward.—Muexico, without locality (Gregg, 66). Hb. Kew. 7. Houstonia rubra, Cav. Ic. v. p. 48, t. 474. fig. 1. New Mexico; Texas.—Nortu Mexico, in the region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 300); Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), without localities (Coulter, 196 ; Halsted). Hb. Kew. 8. Houstonia triflora, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. iv. p. 314. Bouvardia triflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 386, t. 288. Anotis longifiora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 23. South Mexico, near Puente de la Madre de Dios and the village of Atotonilco el Grande, at 5400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Aguas Calientes (Zartweg), Zimapan (Coulter, 219). Hb. Kew. | RUBIACEA. 31 _ 9, Houstonia, sp. SoutH Muxtco, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1342). Hb. Kew. 10. Houstonia, sp. Soutn Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 194). Hb. Kew. 24. MALLOSTOMA. Mallostoma, Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. p. 9, t. 105 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 60. About twenty species of shrubs and undershrubs, inhabiting the mountains of America from Texas to Peru. 1. Mallostoma acerosa, Hemsley. Hedyotis (Ereicotis) acerosa, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. p. 81. * Tuxas.—NortH Muxico, Buena Vista (Gregg, 72), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 302). Hb. Kew. 2. Mallostoma, sp. SourH Mexico, Ciudad Real (Linden, 539). Hb. Kew. ‘Tribe VIL. MUSSHNDES. Mussendee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. pp. 8, 15. There are thirty-six genera of this tribe, generally dispersed in tropical countries. The species are shrubby or arboreous, rarely herbaceous. | 25. ISERTIA. Isertia, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 234; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 65. Fifteen or more shrubby and arboreous species, inhabiting Tropical America from Mexico (?) and Central America, through Colombia and Guiana, to Brazil. 1. Isertia henkeana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 437. Mexico (Henke). 9. Isertia spiceformis, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 437. Panama, outskirts of woods near the city of Panama (Seemann, 352; S. Hayes, 557).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 26. GONZALEA. Gonzalea, Pers. Syn. i. p. 182; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. p. 65. Gonzalagunia, Ruiz et Pav. Prody p. 12, t. 3; Fl. Peruv. i. p. 56, t. 86. About a dozen shrubby species, restricted to Tropical America. 32 RUBIACEZ. 1. Gonzolea nivea, Bartl. ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 436. MEXICo. 2. Gonzalea panamensis, Pers. Ench. i. p. 132. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 66), Vera Cruz, 2500 feet (Galeotti, 1756 ; Linden, 409); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 351), Chagres (Fendler, 288), Mamei railway-station (S. Hayes, 664).— CotomBia to Guiana and Perv. Hb. Kew. 8. Gonzalea parviflora, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 414. Soura Mexico, Cuesta Grande de Jalacingo (Schiede & Deppe); Sierra de San Pedro - Nolasco (Jurgensen, 776, 935)? Hb. Kew. 4. Gonzalea? secunda, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 235. Sout Mexico, moist woods of Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7077). 5. Gonzalea spicata, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 437. Lygistum spicatum, Lam. Ill. n. 1477. Coccocypselum spicatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iti. p. 406. Sovrn Mexico, Zacuapan (Galeotti); Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted)—North part of Sourn America, and generally dispersed in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 6. Gonzalea, sp. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 638 ; Botteri, 1015). Hb. Kew. 7. Gonzalea, sp. Souta Mexico, humid forests of Zulusuchiapas (Linden, 149). Hb. Kew. 27. XEROCOCCUS. Xerococcus, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 52; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 70. Limited to the following species, which is an undershrub. 1. Xerococcus congestus, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 52. Costa Rica, Turrialva, at 3000 feet (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 28. OPHRYOCOCCUS. Ophryococcus, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 52; Benth: et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 70. One Central-American and (?) one Mexican species ; both shrubs. _ 1. Ophryococcus gesnerioides, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 53. Nicaragua, near Segovia (@rsted). Ub. Kew. 2. Ophryococcus, sp. ? SourH Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 1638). Hb. Kew. RUBIACEZ. 33 29. SABICEA. Sabicea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 192, tt. 75, 76; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 72. Twining or trailing shrubs, inhabiting Tropical America, Tropical Africa, and Madagascar. About twenty species are known. 1. Sabicea glabrescens, Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. iii. p. 219. Sabicea edulis, Seem. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. iii. p. 266? South Mexico, Lacoba (Liebmann, 43); Panama (Seemann), Chagres (Fendler, 180)? Hb. Kew. 2. Sabicea hirsuta, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 417; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 439. Mexico (Henke).—PERv. 3. Sabicea hirta, Sw. Prodr. i. p. 46 ; DC. Prody. iv. p. 439; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 456. South Mexico (Mogino & Sessé); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 212; Seemann, 128). —Jamaica; TrintpaD. Hb. Kew. There may be more than one species included under this name. 4, Sabicea, sp. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 181). Hb. Kew. 30. COCCOCYPSELUM. Coccocypselum, P. Br. Hist. Jam. p. 144, t. 6. fig. 2; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 73. About sixteen species of trailing herbs, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Coccocypselum canescens, Willd. ex Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iv. p. 139; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 397. Soutn Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 748); Costa Rica, Cartago, at 6000 feet (rsted) ; Panama (Seemann, 17).—Cotompta; Perv; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 2. Coccocypselum ciliatum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 414. Sourn Mexico, between ‘Huitamalco and Cuapa (Schiede & Deppe). 3. Coccocypselum glabrum, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 397. Panama (Henke). 4. Coccocypselum hirsutum, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 396. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 49), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1844); Nica- RaGuA, Segovia (Ersted).—Trinipap ; Cusa. Hb. Kew. 5. Coccocypselum nummularifolium, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iv. p. 145. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2614), without localities (Ehrenberg, Hahn).—Brazi. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IL., Aprid 1881. f 34 RUBIACEZ. 6. Coccocypselum repens, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 245 ; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 396. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate); Costa Rica (Polakowsky).—Kastern and northern Soutn America and West INDIES. 7. Coccocypselum, sp. Sour Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 509). Hb. Kew. Tribe VIII. HAMELIEZ. Hameliee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. pp. 8, 17. There are only six genera of this tribe, the species of which are mostly Tropical- American; a few occur in Tropical Africa and the Sandwich Islands. ol. HAMELIA. Hamelia, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 71, t. 50; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 75. Duhamelia, Pers. Syn. 1. p. 208. Eight or ten shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical America. 1. Hamelia chrysantha, Sw. Prodr. p. 46; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 442. Mexico (Henke). Jamaica ; VENEZUELA. 2. Hamelia lanuginosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 233. South Mexico, Jalapa, Mirador, and several other places on the Atlantic side, at 2000 to 4000 feet (Galeott:, 2615). Hb. Kew. 3. Hamelia nodosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 234. Sout Mexico, near Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2581). Hb. Kew. 4, Hamelia patens, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 72, t. 50; DO. Prodr. iv. p. 441. Duhamelia patens, Pers. Ench. 1. p. 2038. Fioripa.—SoutH Muxico, between Tehuantepec and Guichilona, Oaxaca (Andrieuz, 330), Jecaltepec and Mirador (Liebmann, 55, 56), Vera Cruz (Gouin); Nicaracva, Chontales (Seemann, 136 ; Tate, 198), Granada (Grsted); Panama ({inds).—Southward to Peru and Brazit and in the West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. . Var. ? quinifolia, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 442; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 489. South Mexico, mountains of Mahatlan (Mogino & Sessé). 5. Hamelia rostrata, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 442. Muxico, Acapulco (Henke). 6. Hamelia ventricosa, Sw. Prodr. p. 46; DC. Prodr. iv. p- 442; Bot. Reg. t. 1195. Hamelia grandiflora, L’ Hérit. Sert. Angl. p. 4, t. 7; Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 55. South Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke), Vera Craz (Galeotti, 2612)? Hb. Kew. RUBIACEA. BY) 7. Hamelia xorullensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ili. p. 414. Soutn Mexico, Jorullo (Humboldt & Bonpland). 8. Hamelia, sp. Costa Rica (Endres, 130). Hb. Kew. 9. Hamelia, sp. Nicaraaua, Chontales (Seemann, 120). Hb. Kew. 10. Hamelia, sp. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 332). Hb. Kew. 11. Hamelia, sp. Nicaragua (Tate, 222). Hb. Kew. 12. Hamelia, sp. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 193). Hb. Kew. 32. HOFFMANNTA. Hoffmannia, Sw. Prodr. p. 30; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. p. 76. Ohigginsia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. i. p. 55, t. 85. Higginsia, Pers. Syn. 1. p. 188. Campylobotrys, Liem. Flore des Serres, iii. Misc. n. 37. Herbs or shrubs. Upwards of twenty species, confined to Tropical America. 1. Hoffmannia affinis, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 31. Fruticosa novellis puberulis, ramis teretibus, foliis subcoriaceis ovato-oblongis acuminatis obtusius- culis, floribus puberulis tetrameris umbellatim cymosis, cymis ad nodos fasciculatis, calycis limbo distincte 4-dentato, dentibus rotundatis, corolle tubo latiusculo lobis breviore, ovario biloculari. . Frutex, ramis teretibus, junioribus puberulis. Folia opposita, petiolata, subcoriacea, ovato- oblonga, 4-5-pollicaria, acuminata, obtusa, basi attenuata, subtus minute puberula, costa venisque prominulis, petiolo circiter 3 lin. longo. Flores puberuli, tetrameri, graciliter pedi- cellati, 8-4 lin. longi, umbellatim cymosi; cyme pedunculate, ad nodos fasciculate, circiter 6-flore ; pedunculi graciles, 4-8 lin. longi; pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi; calycis limbus distincte 4-dentatus, dentibus rotundatis persistentibus ; corolle tubus latiusculus, lobis paulo brevior ; ovarium biloculare, loculis multiovulatis. Capsula ignota. Costa Rica (Hndres, 150). Hb. Kew. This species is closely allied to H. lenticellata, differing in the consistence of the leaves, the prominently toothed calyx, &c. 2. Hoffmannia cauliflora, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p- 30. (Tab. XX XIX.) Ramis crassiusculis, foliis amplis in apicibus ramorum confertis junioribus preecipue subtus puberulis ovato-ellipticis basi in petiolum brevissimum attenuatis, floribus tetrameris glabris pedicellatis in trunco ramisque infra folia cymoso-fasciculatis, cymis plurifloris ramulis pedicellisque gracilibus ebracteatis, corolla tubuloso-infundibuliformi pollicari lobis tubo multoties brevio- ribus, ovario 3-4-loculare. f2 36 RUBIACEA, Frutex vel suffrutex, ramis crassiusculis, glabris. Folia in apicibus ramorum conferta, subcarnosa, — subsessilia, late ovato-elliptica, 6-9-pollicaria vel ultra, acuminata, obtusa, basi valde attenuata, juniora plus minusve ferrugineo-puberula, venis lateralibus curvatis prominentibus. Flores tetrameri, glabri, pedicellati, in trunco ramisque infra folia cymoso-fasciculati; cymz breves, plurifloree, ramulis pedicellisque gracilibus, ebracteatz ; calyx vix 2 lin. longus, brevissime 4-dentatus; corolla tubuloso-infundibuliformis, pollicaris, tubo sursum sensim ampliato, lobis ovatis, acutis, vix patentibus, circiter 2 lin. longis; stamina inclusa; stylus breviter exsertus ; ovarium 3-4-loculare, loculis multiovulis. Fructus maturus ignotus. GuaATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXIX. Flowering and fruiting branches. Natural size. Fig. 1, a flower; 2, the same, with corolla laid open; 3, vertical section of an ovary; 4, an anther. All enlarged. 3. Hoffmannia discolor, Hemsley. Campylobotrys discolor, Lem. Flore des Serres, iii. Misc. n. 37. p. 260, v. t. 427; Bot. Mag. t. 45380. Higginsia discolor, Planch. in Flore des Serres, v. Misc. 226, p. 482 d. MExIco, introduced into European gardens (Galeotti). 4, Hoffmannia ghiesbreghtii, Hemsley. Campylobotrys ghiesbreghtii, Lem. Ill. Hort. t. 279. Higginsia ghiesbreghtit (gheisbechtii), Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5383. Sourn Mexico (Ghiesbreght). Ub. Kew. | 5. Hoffmannia lenticellata, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 30. Fruticosa, ramis teretibus minute et densissime lenticellatis, foliis ovato-oblongis vel obovatis acuminatis, floribus parvis glabris tetrameris longiuscule pedicellatis fasciculato-cymosis, cymis densis brevibus ebracteatis, ramulis gracilibus, calycis limbo brevissime 4-dentato vel fere truncato, corolle lobis ovato-oblongis obtusis quam tubus subduplo longioribus, fructu baccato biloculari. Frutex, ramis teretibus, crassiusculis, petiolo costaque minute et densissime lenticellatis. Folia — petiolata, crassiuscula, fortasse subcarnosa, ovato-oblonga vel obovata, 6-9-pollicaria, acumi- . nata, obtusa, basi valde attenuata, subtus farinacea, costa venisque lateralibus crassiusculis, subtus elevatis, petiolo 23-5 lin. longo; stipule parve, cito decidue. Flores glabri, tetrameri, circiter 3 lin. longi, longiuscule pedicellati, fasciculato-cymosi; cyme dens, pluriflore, sub- umbelliformes, ebracteatz, vix pollicares, ramulis gracilibus; calycis limbus brevissime 4. dentatus vel fere truncatus, persistens; corolle lobi ovato-oblongi, obtusi, tubus fere dimidio brevior ; stamina ori corolle inserta, filamentis brevissimis, antheris magnis; ovarium bilo- culare, stylo exserto. Fructus baccatus, bilocularis, bisuleatus, circiter ] lin. diametro; semina numerosa, minuta, angulata, punctulata. SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 974; Bourgeau, 2992), Jalapa (Linden, 1). Hb. Kew. © 6. Hoffmannia longepetiolata, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 567: Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 112)%; Costa Rica, Carpintera (Polakowsky). Hb. Kew. RUBIACEA. 37 7. Hoffmannia macrophylla, Planch. in Flore des Serres, v. Misc. n. 226, p. 482d. GUATEMALA. 8. Hoffmannia mexicana, Hemsley. Higginsia mexicana, K\. in Link, K1. et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Ber. i. p. 57, t. 23. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 134, 135), Jalapa (Galeotti, 7072; Linden, 4), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2429; Botteri, 1029). Hb. Kew. 9. Hoffmannia psychotriefolia, Hemsley. Higginsia psychotriefolia, Benth. in Vedensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 28. South Mexico (Liebmann, 126; Jurgensen, 986); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 10. Hoffmannia refulgens, Hemsley. EMigginsia refulgens, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5346. Sout Mexico (Liebmann, 90). Hb. Kew. 11. Hoffmannia regalis, Hemsley. Higginsia regalis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5280. Mexico? 12. Hoffmannia strigillosa, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 31. Fruticosa, ramis elongatis compressis glabris, foliis oppositis longe petiolatis membranaceis ovato- oblongis subtus precipue in venis strigillosis, floribus tetrameris glabris pedicellatis, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis interdum inzequalibus, corolle lobis linearibus quam tubus paulo longi- oribus, ovario biloculare. Frutex, ramis elongatis, crassiusculis, compressis, glabris. Folia petiolata, membranacea, ovato- oblonga, 6—8-pollicaria, utrinque longe attenuata, subtus prcipue in venis prominentibus strigillosa, petiolo brevi primum strigilloso; stipule caduce. Flores glabri, tetrameri, vix 3 lin. longi, pedicellati, cymosi; cymz breves, axillares, pauciflore, ebracteate; calycis lobi oblongi, obtusi, interdum inequales, circiter semilineam longi, tubo zquilongi; corolle lobi lineares, tubo paulo longiores ; stamina ori corolle inserta, filamentis brevissimis, antheris lobos corollinos zquantibus; ovarium biloculare, multiovulatum. Fructus non visus. Mexico (Sallé). Hb. Kew. 13. Hoffmannia, sp. SoutH Mexico (Jurgensen, 736; Inebmann, 88). Hb. Kew. 33. BERTIERA. Bertiera, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 180, t. 69; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. v7. Pomatium, Geertn. Fruct. ii. p. 252, t. 225. A genus of about sixteen species of shrubs and small trees, natives of Tropical Africa and America. 1. Bertiera angustifolia, Benth. Bot. Vor. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 103. Cocos IsLanp (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 38 RUBIACEA. 2. Bertiera, sp. ? Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate). Hb. Kew. Tribe IX. CATESBAE A. Catesbeee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. pp. 8, 17. Limited to Tropical America, and consisting of five genera and about twenty species. 34, CATESB/EA. Catesbea, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 180; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 78. There are six West-Indian species besides the following doubtful one. 1. Catesbea erecta, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 401; Calques des Dess, Fl. Mex. 460. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 30. PENTAGONTA. | Pentagonia, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 105, t. 39; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 78. Eight shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical America. 1. Pentagonia macrophylla, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 105, t. 39. Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 208), Cruces &c. (Seemann), no locality (Hinds).— CotompBia. Hb. Kew. | 2. Pentagonia tinajita, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 184, t. 28. PaNnaMa, near the town of David, Veraguas (Seemann, 1595). Hb. Kew. 3. Pentagonia wendlandii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5230. CrntRaL Mexico, without locality (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 36. SOMMERA. Sommera, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 602; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 79. Four or five shrubby or small arboreous species, extending from Mexico to the Amazons. 1. Sommera arborescens, Schl. in Linnza, ix. p. 602. Petesia grandis, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 395? Petesia minor, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 8? SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 1256; Liebmann, 84), Orizaba (Botteri, 997), near Jalapa, 1500 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7112), Jova (Liebmann, 85); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1179). Hb. Kew. Tribe X. GARDENTE. Gardeniee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 17. Forty-five genera widely dispersed in tropical regions, a few extending into sub- tropical countries. RUBIACE. 39 37. ALIBERTIA. Alibertia, A. Rich. in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. v. p. 234, t. 21; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 81. About twenty shrubby and arboreous species in Tropical America. 1. Alibertia edulis, Rich. in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. v. p. 234, t. 21. fig. 1. Sovuta Mexico, Colipa (Ziebmann, 3), Potrero (Bourgeau, 1716), Lacoba (Liebmann, 117), Tabasco (Linden, 530); Guatemata (Friedrichsthal); Nicaragua (Late, 353); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hrsted); Panama (Seemann, 342)—Gutiana. Hb. Kew. Linden’s 530 and Tate’s 353 may belong to different species. 38. AMAIOUA. Amaioua, Aubl. Pl. Gui. Suppl. p. 18, t. 875; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. p. 81. About eight arboreous and shrubby species in Tropical America. 1. Amaioua guianensis, Aubl. Pl. Gui. Suppl. p. 13, t. 375. PanaMA, Isle of Taboga (Seemann, 1596).—Guiana. Hb. Kew. 39. BASANACANTHA. Basanacantha, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 82. A genus of about twenty shrubby species restricted to Tropical America. 1. Basanacantha monantha, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 83. Randia monantha, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 84. GUATEMALA, Rio de los Esclavos (Hartweg) ; Costa Rica (@rsted); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 40. POSOQUERIA. Posoqueria, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 183, t. 51; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 83. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about twelve species of shrubs and trees. 1. Posoqueria coriacea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 240. Soutn Mexico, Chinantla, Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, 2000 to 3000 feet (Galeott?, 1580). Hb. Kew. 2. Posoqueria latifolia, Roem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 227; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 375. Solena latifolia, Rudge, Pl. Gui. 1. p. 26, t. 40. Tocoyena latifolia, Lam. Ill. t. 168. fig. 2. Stannia panamensis, Walp. et Duchas. in Linnea, xxiii. p. 755. Posoqueria panamensis, Walp. Ann. 1. p. 797. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 293), Empire railway-station (S. Hayes), without locality (Seemann).—CotomsBia; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 3. Posoqueria macrophylla, Hemsley. Tocoyena macrophylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. in. p. 412. Costa Rica (Warscewicz).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 40 RUBIACEZ. 41. RANDIA. Randia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 211; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 88. . There are nearly or quite a hundred species belonging to this genus. ‘They are trees or shrubs, and generally dispersed in the tropics, though most numerous in the Old World. 1. Randia echinocarpa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 885; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 469. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 2. Randia karstenii, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 568. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky). 3. Randia latifolia, Lam. Dict. iii, p. 24; Ill t. 156. fig. 1; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 385. . SovtH Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann, 291 and 304%).—West Inpims. Hb. Kew. 4, Randia mussende, DC. Prody. iv. p. 388. Mussenda formosa, Jacq. Amer. p. 70, t. 48. Mexico (ex DC.); Panama, Mamei railway-station (S. Hayes, 411).—CoLomsta ; VENEZUELA; Perv. Hb. Kew. The Panama specimen is doubtful. 5. Randia obovata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 409. Panama, Chagres (Fend/er, 139), Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 567). Hb. Kew. 6. Randia ovata, Duchass. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 8. Panama (Duchassaing). 7. Randia xalapensis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 239. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa and Puente Nacional, at 1000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7116), Orizaba (Botter?, 905), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1576). Hb. Kew. 8. Randia, sp. Soutn Mrxtico, Jalapa (Linden, 518). Hb. Kew. 9. Randia, sp. South Mexico, forests of Puente Nacional, near Vera Cruz, at 500 to 1000 feet. (Galeotti, 7115). Hb. Kew. (Coffea rosea, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 499; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 479, is a doubtful Mexican plant.) 7 | 42. GENIPA. Genipa, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 240; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 90. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, comprising about six small arboreous species. RUBIACER, 41 1. Genipa caruto, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 407. a Sout Mexico, Guatulco (Liebmann), Tabasco (Linden, 1619); Nicaragua, Granada (Crsted); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann).—North part of Sours America and the Wrst Inpres. Hb. Kew. Tribe XI. CRUCKSHANKSIEA. Cruckshanksiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 20. This small tribe is limited to Chili. It consists of two genera and five species of herbs and undershrubs. Tribe XII. RETINIPHYLLE. Retiniphyllee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 20. Only three genera and eight species of shrubs and trees. Two of the genera are limited to eastern Tropical South America; and the other, a monotype, extends from Ceylon through the archipelago to Australia. Tribe XIII. GUETTARDE. Guettardee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 20. This tribe is generally dispersed in the tropics, and comprises eleven genera, whereof two or three are numerous in species. 43. GUETTARDA. Guettarda, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1064; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 99. A genus of nearly fifty species of shrubs and trees, the greater part Tropical American. One occurs on nearly all tropical sea-shores. 1. Guettarda conferta, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 106. Cocos Istanp (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 2. Guettarda dealbata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 232. SoutH Mexico, dense, humid forests of Llano Verde and Tanetze, at 4000 to 6000 feet, in the Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7131). 3. Guettarda dichotoma, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 233. SoutH Mexico, savannas near Zacuapan and Mirador, 1500 to 2000 feet (Galeotti, 2601). 4. Guettarda odorata, Lam. Ill. t. 154. fig. 4; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 456. Souta Mexico, Pochutla (Liebmann, 71); Panama, common (S. Hayes, 94, 637).— Cusa; Jamaica; TrinipaD. Hb. Kew. 5. Guettarda parviflora, Vahl, Ecl. Am. ii. p. 26; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 456. Souta Mexico, Acapulco (Henke).—West IvDIEs. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Apri/ 1881. g 42 RUBIACEZ. 6. Guettarda ramuliflora, Beurling in Kong. Vet. Handl. 1854, p. 132. Panama (Billberg). 7. Guettarda scabra, Lam. Ill. t. 154. fig. 3; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 456. Sourn Mexico, Yucatan (Linden, 89).—West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 8. Guettarda viscosa, Duchass. et Walp. in Linnea, xxiii. p. 704. Panama (Duchassaing). | Jyve~™ty ; 9. Guettarda, sp. Guatema.a (Friedrichsthal); Panama, Barbacoas (S. Hayes, 167). Hb. Kew. 10. Guettarda, sp.? Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 569). Hb. Kew. 11. Guettarda, sp.? Sout Mexico (Liebmann, 63). Hb. Kew. 44, ANTIRRHCSA. Antirrhea, Comm. in Jus. Gen. Plant. p. 204, et in Mém. Mus. vi. p. 877; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 100. About twenty species of trees and shrubs, chiefly American, the rest being from Mauritius, China, and Tropical Australia. 1. Antirrhea? dichotoma, Hemsley. Stenostomum ? dichotomum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 112; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 482. Mexico (Mocgino & Sessé). 2. Antirrhea protracta, Hemsley. Guetiarda? prostrata, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 457. Pittoniotis protracta, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 8. Souta Mexico, Acapulco (Henke), Trapiche (Liebmann, 114), in the woods of Tona- guia and near the Villa Alta, in the Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeottt, 7175). Hb. Kew. | : 3. Antirrhea trichantha, Hemsley. Pittoniotis trichantha, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 8. Panama (Duchassaing). 45. MACHAONIA. Machaonia, Humb. et Bonpl., Pl. Mquin. i. p. 101, t. 29; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 102. Shrubs and trees. About ten species, inhabiting Tropical America. 1. Machaonia galeottiana, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. de Paris, 1879, p. 204. . SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti). 2. Machaonia hahniana, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. de Paris, 1879, p. 204, SoutH Mexico, Acatlan (Hahn). RUBIACEZ. 43 3. Machaonia lindeniana, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. de Paris, 1879, p. 204. SoutH Mexico, Yucatan (Linden). Hb. Kew. 4. Machaonia velutina, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 134. Machaonia veracruzeana, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. de Paris, 1879, p. 204. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 7104). Hb. Kew. 5. Machaonia, sp. SoutH Mexico (Liebmann, 115) ; NICARAGUA, Chontales (Tate, 425). Hb. Kew. 6. Machaonia, sp. Panama, very common (S. Hayes, 87). Hb. Kew. 46. CHOMELIA. Chomelia, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 18, t. 113; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i1. p. 103. A Tropical-American genus of about twenty shrubby species. 1. Chomelia filipes, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 19. Guettarda? armata, Bart]. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 457, ex Griseb. MS. in hb. Kew. Mexico (Henke); Nicaragua, Granada (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 2. Chomelia tenuiflora, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 235. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 341).—CoLoMBIA to GUIANA. Possibly only one species. 47. MALANEA. Malanea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 106, t. 41; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 103. Hb. Kew. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, comprising about a dozen species of climbing, twining, trailing, or erect shrubs. 1. Malanea erecta, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 136. Panama, Isle of Tobaga (Seemann). Hb. Kew. Tribe XIV. KNOXIEZ. Knoxiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 21. A very small tribe, not represented in America. Tribe XV. CHIOCOCCEZ. © Chiococcee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. pp. 9, 21. Eleven small genera are referred to this tribe; and they are exclusively Tropical American, with the exception of the monotypical Australian Hodgkinsonia. g 2 44 | RUBIACEE. 48. ERITHALIS. Erithalis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 238; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 105. Five or six shrubby species. 1. Erithalis fruticosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 251; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 465; Browne, Hist. Jam. t.17. fig. 3 Erithalis odorifera, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 72, t. 173. fig. 23. Honpvras, without collector’s name.—F.Loripa, and common in the WEST INDIES. Hb. Kew. 49. CHIOCOCCA. Chiococca, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 231; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 105. Siphonandra, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1848, 1. p. 581. Six or eight shrubby species, chiefly climbers. Margaris, DC., doubtfully referred to this genus by Bentham and Hooker, appears to be Symphoricarpus. 1. Chiococca coriacea, Mart. et Gall. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 231. South Mexico, Chilotepec, near Vera Cruz (Linden, 423). Hb. Kew. 2. Chiococca macrocarpa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 230. SoutH Mexico, Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7064). 3. Chiococca phznostemon, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 594. Sovta Mexico, woods near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe).—CoLomMBIA. Perhaps the same as C. racemosa, Jacq. — 4, Chiococca racemosa, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 68; DC. Prody. iv. p. 482. A common plant from Fioripa and Mexico through the West InprEs to Brazin and Perv. Hb. Kew. 5. Chiococca staminea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 231. _ Soura Mexico, Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Linden, 48). Hb. Kew. 6. Chiococca, sp. Panama, Chagres (fendler, 138). Hb. Kew. 7. Chiococca, sp. Guatema.a (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 50. ASEMNANTHA. Asemnantha, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 106. One shrubby species. 1. Asemnantha pubescens, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xii. t. 1145 (Asemnanthe). ‘Soutn Mexico, humid forests of Yucatan (Linden, 1264 bis). Hb. Kew. RUBIACEA. . 45 51. CHIONE.. Chione, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 461; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 107. Three or four shrubby or small arboreous species, inhabiting the West Indies, and one of them extending to Mexico. 1. Chione glabra, DC. Prody. iv. p. 461. Crusea glabra, A. Rich. in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. v. p. 204, t. 19. f. 1. Sourp Mexico, Mirador, San Pablo and Paso del Correo (Liebmann, 77, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286)—Cusa; Dominica; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 52. PLACOCARPA. Placocarpa, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 107. One shrubby species. 1. Placocarpa mexicana, Hook. fil. in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 30. (Tab. XXXVI. figg. 6-14.) Frutex ramosissimus, glaberrimus, ramis brevibus tortuosis. Folia opposita, breviter petiolata vel fere sessilia, creberrima, subcoriacea, lanceolata, oblonga vel obovata, 4-8 lin. longa, acuta vel obtusa, basi valde attenuata, subtus interdum glauca. Flores tetrameri, breviter pedicellati, axillares vel terminales, solitarii vel pedunculis trifloris ; calycis lobi obovato-spathulati, obtusi, coriacei, persistentes, circiter 2 lin. longi; corolla infundibularis, lente curva, 5-8 lin. longa, lobis brevibus, rotundatis, subinzequalibus. Fructus obovatus, a latere compressus, lobis caly- cinis coronatus, bilocularis, loculis 1-spermis. Soura Muxico, Orizaba (Botteri, 316, 913; Bourgeau, 3022). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XXXVI. Fiee. 6-14. Fig. 6, portion of a plant, natural size; 7, a flower; 8, a corolla, laid open; 9, an ovary; 10, vertical section of the same ; 11, a young fruit; 12, an ovule; 13, cross section of young fruit: all enlarged. Fig. 14, young fruit, natural size. Tribe XVI. ALBERTE. Albertee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. pp. 9, 22. There are seven genera of this tribe, all restricted to Africa and Madagascar. Tribe XVII. VANGUERIE. Vangueriee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 22. This tribe also comprises only seven genera ; but two or three of them have numerous species. It is not represented in America. 46 RUBIACEA. Tribe XVIII. IXOREA. Izoree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 22. Nine or ten genera, embracing about 200 species, belong here. The greater part of the species inhabit the Old World. . 53. TXORA. Izora, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 131; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 118. A genus of probably upwards of 100 species of shrubs and small trees, chiefly Asiatic and African. 1. Ixora ferrea, Benth. in Linnea, xxiii. p. 447. Siderodendron ferreum, Lam. Ill. p. 282. Sideroxyloides ferreum, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 19, t. 175. fig. 9. Siderodendron triflorum, Vahl, Ecl. i. p. 10. Nicaracua, Segovia (Grsted); Panama, Veraguas (ex Grisebach).—VENBZUELA to Guiana and the Wust Inpiss. Hb. Kew. 2. Ixora floribunda, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 134. Siderodendron floribundum, A. Rich. in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. v. p. 184. Nicaracua, near Sapoa (@rsted).—Gutana; Cupa. Hb. Kew. Tribe XIX. MORINDEA. Morindee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 23. Ten genera of trees and shrubs, all confined to the Old World, except Morinda itself. | 54. MORINDA. Morinda, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 235; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 117. About forty species, chiefly Asiatic. 1. Morinda panamensis, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 136. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 148). Hb. Kew. 2. Morinda roioc, Linn. Sp. PI. p. 200; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 448; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. t. 16. Frioripa.—-British Honpuras (Mrs. Macdonnel); Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 566).—West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. Tribe XX. COUSSAREEA. Coussareee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 24. A wholly Tropical-American tribe, comprising about sixty species, referred to three genera. RUBIACEA. 47 50. COUSSAREA. Coussarea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 98, t. 88; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 120. About twenty species of shrubs and trees, principally Brazilian. 1. Coussarea pentamera, Karst. Fl. Colomb. ii. t. 107. Costa Rica ( Warscewicz).— VENEZUELA. 2. Coussarea, sp. ? PanaMA, Rio Grande railway-station (S. Hayes, 175). Hb. Kew. 56. FARAMEA. Faramea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. p. 102, t. 40; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 121. Shrubs or small trees, chiefly Brazilian. About forty species. 1. Faramea odoratissima, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 496. Coffea occidentalis, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. t. 47. Tetramerium odoratissimum, Geertn. fil. Fruct. ii. p. 90, t. 196. Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2235), Jalapa (Galeotti, 1578), without locality (Liebmann, 209); Guatemata (Friedrichsthal); Panama, Rio Obispo (S. Hayes, 66).—Common in the northern part of Sovurn America and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Faramea suaveolens, Duchass. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 8. Panama (Duchassaingq). 3. Faramea, sp. Panama, Chagres (Mendler, 104). Hb. Kew. Tribe XXI. PSYCHOTRIEA. Psychotriee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. pp. 9, 24. Twenty-seven genera are referred to this tribe, which is generally dispersed in the tropics. Several of the genera, notably Psychotria itself, are very numerous in species, which are nearly all shrubby or arboreous. 57. PSYCHOTRIA. Psychotria, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 229; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 123. A genus of upwards of 500 species, generally dispersed in the tropics, but having their greatest concentration in America. The American species are greatly in need of revision. We have departed from our practice of giving the unnamed species in Kew herbarium, because so few of the published names are therein represented by named specimens, though of the forty or so unnamed species, probably twenty are undescribed. 48 RUBIACEZ. 1. Psychotria acuminata, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 107. Sour Mexico, Tintalcingo (Liebmann, 96); Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 175), with- out locality (Girsted); Panama, thick woods, Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes, 669). Hb. Kew. 2. Psychotria alba, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. ii. p. 58, t. 205, fig. a. Psychotria ardisiefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ni. p. 359. Var. mexicana, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 12. Soutn Mexico, Pital, Cazadera and Jecaltepec (Liebmann, 23, 18, 17); Costa Rica, Guanacaste (Grsted). Hb. Kew. The typical plant is widely dispersed in SourH AMERICA. 8. Psychotria aureola, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 513. Mexico (Henke). 4. Psychotria barbiflora, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 509. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7182).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 5. Psychotria biaristata, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 513; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 229. South Mexico (Henke), forests of Chinantla, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7180). 6. Psychotria bracteolata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 228. South Mexico, Sierra de Capulalpan, Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 7226). Hb. Kew. | 7. Psychotria concolor, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 9. Nicaragua, Volcan de Mombacho (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 8. Psychotria costaricensis, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 571. Costa Rica, Angostura (Polakowsky). 9. Psychotria elongata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 10. Nicaracua, Volcan de Mombacho (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 10. Psychotria erythrocarpa, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 595. South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Scheide), Papantla (Liebmann, 806). Hb. Kew. 11. Psychotria (?) excelsa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 355, t. 282. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa, at 4000 to 5000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland, Galeotti, 7072). Hb. Kew. | | 12. Psychotria flexuosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 966; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 510. Nonatelia paniculata, Aubl. Pl. Gui. p. 181, t. 70. fig. 2. Costa Rica, Aguacate, at 2000 feet (Grsted)? Hb. Kew. The original plant is a native of Guiana. RUBIACEZ. 49 13. Psychotria furcata, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 512. Panama (Henke). ° 14. Psychotria glauca, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 569. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky). 15. Psychotria graciliflora, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 13; CErst. L’Amér. Cent. t. 14. fig. 6. Costa Rica, Naranjo, 4500 feet (Ersted). 16. Psychotria granadensis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 12. Nicaracua, Granada (Crsted). Hb. Kew. 17. Psychotria grandis, Sw. Prodr. p. 43; DC. Prody. iv. p. ol7. Mexico (Henke).—Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 18. Psychotria henkeana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 507. Mexico? (ex De Candolle).—Ecuapor. 19. Psychotria hebeclada, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 513. South Mexico (Henke); British Honpuras (Armstrong); Ntcaraaua, Chontales (Tate, 383); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Girsted). Hb. Kew. All except Heenke’s original are doubtful. 20. Psychotria justicioides, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 596. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 39; Linden, 1259 bis), Barranca de Tioselo (Schtede & Deppe).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 21. Psychotria levis, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 505; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 15. NicaraGua, Chontales (Tate, 155), Pantasmo, near Segovia, 3000 to 4000 feet (Girsted). —Porto Rico. Hb. Kew. 22. Psychotria longicollis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 11. Costa Rica, San Lucas, Puntarenas and Aguacate, up to 2000 feet (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 23. Psychotria marginata, Sw. Prodr. p. 43; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 516. Mexico; Panama (ex De Candolle).—Jamatca. 24. Psychotria mexicana, Willd. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 189; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 513. Mexico (Humboldt & Bonpland). 25. Psychotria microdesmia, Cérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 14; Pola- kowsky in Linnea, xli. p. 569. Costa Rica, Jaris (Ersted), Angostura (Polakowsky). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., April 1881. h 50 RUBIACEZ. 26. Psychotria miradorensis, Cérst. L-Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 14. fig. 9 (sub Mapouria). | Sout Mexico, near Mirador (Liebmann). 27. Psychotria mollis, Poir.?, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 518. Mexico (Henke). 28. Psychotria more, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 570. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky). 29. Psychotria nicaraguensis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 12. Nicaraaua, San Juan river (@rsted); Costa Rica, Jaris (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 30. Psychotria? nicotianefolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 229. Sovta Mexico, woods near Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7066). 31. Psychotria obovata, Cérst. L’Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 14. figg. 3, 4 (sub Mapouria). 7 Mexico (Liebmann). 32. Psychotria padifolia, Willd. in Reem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 189; DC. Prodr. lv. p. O13. | SourH Mexico, Jalapa (Humboldt & Bonpland). . 33. Psychotria papantlensis, CErst. L’Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 14. fig. 5 (sub Mapouria). . Sour Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann). 34. Psychotria parvifolia, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 13. Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy); Costa Rica, Volean de Barba, 6000 feet (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 35. Psychotria pilosa, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. ii. p. 60, t. 208. fig. a. Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 125).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 36. Psychotria pubescens, Sw. Prodr. p. 44; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 515. Nicaragua, Granada ((@rsted).—West Inpres. Hb. Kew. | 37. Psychotria quinqueradiata, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 570. Costa Rica, San José and Carpintera (Polakowsky). 38. Psychotria rufescens, Spreng. Syst. i. p. 741; DC. Prodr. iv. p. o12. Var. «. ferruginea, DC. loc. cit. : New Spain. Var. 8. hirta, DC. loc. cit. COLOMBIA. RUBIACEA. 51 Var. y. henkeana, DC. loc. cit. Mexico (Henke). 39. Psychotria salicifolia, Gérst. L’Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 14. fig. 2 SourH Mexico, Lacoba (Liebmann). 40. Psychotria scabriuscula, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 513. South Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). 41. Psychotria sessilifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 228. South Mexico, Mirador and Zacuapan, Vera Cruz, at 2500 to 3500 feet ( Galeotti, 7078), Tlapacoya (Liebmann, 204), Mirador (Linden, 787). Hb. Kew. 42. Psychotria stipulata, Girst. L’Amér. Cent. p. 17, t. 14. fig. 7 (sub Mapouria). South Mexico, near Papantla (Liebmann). 43. Psychotria subsessilis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 10. Costa Rica, Turialva, at 3000 feet (Hirsted). Hb. Kew. 44. Psychotria tomentosa, Girst. L’Amér. Centr. p. 17, t. 14. fig. 8 (sub Mapouria). South Mexico, near Papantla (Liebmann). 45. Psychotria trichotoma, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 227. South Mexico, in the oak-forests of Jalapa and Mirador, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7092). 46. Psychotria uliginosa, Sw. Prodr. p. 43; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 340. CENTRAL AMERICA (ex Grisebach).—CuBA to TRintDaD and GUIANA. | 58. PALICOUREA. Palicourea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. i. p. 172, t. 66; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 125. Restricted to Tropical America, and comprising about 100 shrubby species. 1. Palicourea costaricensis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 16. Souto Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 27); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba and mountains of Candelaria (Grsted, 64, 68). Hb. Kew. 2. Palicourea galeottiana, Mart. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 136. South Mexico, dense humid forests between Llano Verde and El Rincon, Oaxaca, and in Chinantla, in the high mountains of the Sierra de Yavesia, at 3000 to 6000 feet (Galeotti, 2602, 2636). Hb. Kew. | h2 52 | RUBIACEZ. 3. Palicourea gardenioides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 125. Rhodostoma gardenioides, Schiedw. in Otto & Dietr. Allgem. Gartenz. x. p. 216 ; Moore, Mag. Bot. 1850, p. 65, cum ic. Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 228), Cazadero (Liebmann, 97, 100). Hb. Kew. 4, Palicourea intermedia, CErst. ex Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 571. Costa Rica, Carpintera (Polakowsky). 5. Palicourea lanceolata, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 17. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria, at 7000 feet (Ersted). 6. Palicourea lasiorrhachis, Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 17. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (sted, 65,69). Hb. Kew. 7. Palicourea mexicana, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 15. Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1038), Jalapa (Linden, 508), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2617), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2062); GUATEMALA (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba and mountains of Candelaria (sted) ; Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1151). Hb. Kew. 8. Palicourea nigrescens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 136. Sovran Mexico, Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2653). 9. Palicourea? parviflora, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 107. Panama, island off Veraguas (Sinclair), without locality (Seemann, 353). Hb. Kew. 10. Palicourea subrubra, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 571. Costa Rica, Carpintera (Polakowsky). 11. Palicourea, sp. Costa Rica (Endres, 138). Hb. Kew. 12. Palicourea, sp. Costa Rica (Endres, 171). Hb. Kew. 13. Palicourea, sp. Costa Rica (Endres, 130). Hb. Kew. 14. Palicourea, sp. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 65). Hb. Kew. 59, DECLIEUXIA. Declieuxia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 352, t. 281; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 126. About twenty-five herbaceous and half-shrubby species, restricted to the mainland of Tropical America. RUBIACEZA. 53 1. Declieuxia galeottii, Mart. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 231. Sourn Mexico, in various localities in the Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2603). 2. Declieuxia mexicana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 479. Mexico (Henke) ; GuareMaua, between Tocoy and San Geronimo (Bernoulli, 1011) ; Panama (Seemann, 349). Hb. Kew. 60. CEPHAELIS. Cephaelis, Sw. Prodr. p. 45; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 127. A genus of about seventy species of shrubs and undershrubs, or rarely herbs, inhabiting tropical countries ; with a few exceptions in Africa, Asia, and Oceania, they are American. 1. Cephaelis discolor, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 572. Costa Rica, Angostura (Polakowsky). 2. Cephaelis hirsuta, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 139. Sour Mexico, Chinantla, Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7185). 3. Cephaelis punicea, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 977; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 533. Souty Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann, 11), without locality (Hahn); Nica- RAGUA, Chontales (Seemann, 185; Tate, 382); Costa Rica, Naranjo (Girsted).— Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 4, Cephaelis psychotrizfolia, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 138. Panama, shady woods near Cruces (Seemann, 482). Hb. Kew. 5. Cephaelis tomentosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 977; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 533. Tapogomea tomentosa, Aubl. Pl. Gui. p. 160, t. 61. Sourn Mexico, Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 738), Tintalcingo (Liebmann, 15), Tabasco (Linden, 1611); Brrrise Honpuras (Temple); Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 134); Costa Rica (Polakowsky); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 177), near Cruces (Seemann, 481).—Southward to Peru and Braziu, and in Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 6. Cephaelis, sp. | Soura Mexico (Liebmann, 111). Hb. Kew. 7. Cephaelis, sp. Sourn Mexico, Matlaluca (Liebmann, 16). Hb. Kew. 61. GEOPHILA. Geophila, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. p. 186 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 127. About ten species of dwarf herbs, widely dispersed in the tropics. 54 RUBIACER. 1. Geophila reniformis, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. p. 136. Psychotria herbacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 245; Jacq. Stirp. Amer. t. 46. Cephaelis reniformis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iti. p. 377. - South Mexico, Tantoyuca (Ervendberg), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2630)—Common in TropicaL America, and widely dispersed in the tropics of the OLD Wortp. Hb. Kew. 2. Geophila violacea, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 537. Psychotria violacea, Aubl. Pl. Gui. 1. p. 145, t. 55. Panama (Henke).—GuIANA. Probably a variety of G. reniformis. Tribe XXII. PADERIER. Pederiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. pp. 9, 25. Six genera and about twenty species constitute this tribe, which is generally dis- persed, though it does not appear to be represented within our area. Tribe XXIII. ANTHOSPERME. Anthospermee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 26. Twenty genera, several of them rather numerous in species, are referred to this tribe, which is represented in most tropical and subtropical regions, some few occurring in temperate regions. . 62. MITCHELLA. Mitchella, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 134; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 137. Herbs. The following and one other Japanese species. 1. Mitchella repens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 161; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 979. NortH America, from Canapa and Nova Scorta southward through the Eastern States to—Muxico, between Pueblo Nuevo and Real del Monte (ex DeCandolle), near Betaza (Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 63. NERTERA. Nertera, Banks et Sol. in Gertn. Fruct. i. p. 124, t. 26; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 138. About six species of very dwarf herbs, inhabiting the mountains of Java, the Philippine and Sandwich Islands, Australia, New Zealand, and the Andes of America. 1. Nertera depressa, Banks et Sol. in Gaertn. Fruct. i. p. 124, t. 26; Hook. Fl, N. Zeal. t. 28; Bot. Mag. t. 5799. Nerteria depressa, Smith, Ic. med. ii. t. 28. South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1701).—Southward through the Awnpes to Fuscia. Also in Tristan p’AcunHA, New ZEALAND, and Australia. Hb. Kew. RUBIACEX, | 55 Tribe XXIV. SPERMACOCE. Spermacocee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 9, 27. This tribe is represented in all tropical countries, but most numerously in America, It consists of sixteen genera of herbaceous and half-shrubby plants. 64. TRIODON. Triodon, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 566; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 143. About half a dozen species of dwarf undershrubs, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Triodon angulatum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 70. Sour Mexico, Teotolingo (Hartweg), Orizaba (Bottert, 7 79: Miiller, 1095), Teosola (Linden, 615), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1516), Jalapa, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 615), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 137). Hb. Kew. | 2. Triodon, sp. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 780). Hb. Kew. 65. DIODIA. Diodia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 122; Benth, et Hook. Gen. Plant. u. p. 148. About twenty species of annual and perennial herbs, inhabiting the warmer parts of America and Tropical Africa. 1. Diodia conferta, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 5632 | Guaremata (Friedrichsthal, 4); Panama, meadows near the city of Panama (Seemann, 267). Hb. Kew. The type is from Brazit. 9. Diodia crassifolia, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 108. Sourn Mexico, San Blas (Hinds), Tepic (Barclay). Hb. Kew. _ 8. Diodia prostrata, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 218; DC. Prodr. iv, p. 562. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 303) ; GUATEMALA, sandy hills, Santa Rosa (Bernoulli, 689); Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo, Granada, &c. (Grsted, 41, 42, 45).—Jamatca. Hb. Kew. Var. 3. longiseta, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 562. Mexico (Hanke). | 4, Diodia radula, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iii. p. 342. Spermacoce radula, Willd. et Hoffmans. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. ui. p. 531. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 146)—Brazi. Hb. Kew. 5, Diodia rigida, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iii. p. 341. Spermacoce rigida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 342. GuateMaLA, Barranca de Incensio (Bernoulli, 104).—Cusa and VENEZUELA to BrazIL. Hb. Kew. 56 RUBIACEZ. 6. Diodia sarmentosa, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 231; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 563. South Mexico, Guatulco (Léebmann, 174, 175), valley of Cordova (Bourgeaw) ; GuateMaLa (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaracua (Tate, 354).—Gu14na and West INDIES. Hb. Kew. | 7. Diodia setigera, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 563. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin); GuaTEMALA, between Intraba and Santa Cata- rina (Bernoulli, 714); Nicaragua, Segovia (Ersted).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 8. Diodia teres, Walt. Fl. Carol. p. 87; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 562. Spermacoce diodina, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. i. p. 82. Missouri and Carolina to Frormpa and—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1122). Hb. Kew. 9. Diodia tetracocca, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 82. (Tab. XL. fig. 10-15.) Perennis, nana, ramosa, ramis graciliusculis puberulis, foliis coriaceis lineari-lanceolatis apice sparse ciliatis, floribus solitariis vel geminis, lobis calycinis seepissime 4 ciliatis corollam zequantibus, stylo quadrifido breviter exserto, fructu tetracocco. Herba perennis, 2-3-pollicaris, ramosa, ramis graciliusculis, puberulis. Folia opposita, sessilia, coriacea, lineari-lanceolata, 38-5 lineas longa, acutiuscula, margine revoluta, apicem versus sparse ciliata ; stipule connate, breviter setose. Flores sessiles, sepissime tetrameri, solitarii vel geminati; calycis limbus sepe 4-lobus ; lobi subineequales, unus vel duo eorum interdum desunt, coriacei, lineares, grosse albo-ciliati, 1-14 lin. longi, persistentes ; corolle tubus gracilis, sursum dilatatus, 1-1} lin. longus, lobi ovati, obtusi, semilin. longi, apice leviter barbati ; stamina ori corolle inserta, filamentis brevibus ; stylus filiformis, quadrifidus, breviter exsertus. Fructus tetracoccus, sulcatus, subglobosus, glaber, lobis calycinis coronatus, 4-spermus.— Spermacoce ? tetracocca, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 182. Sourn Mexico, near Cuernavaca (Schaffner, 32), Real del Monte (Coulter, 197), Morelia, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2587): Hb. Kew. This plant has been referred to various genera in herbaria; but it certainly is closely allied to Diodia tricocca, Torr. & Gray, a Texan species. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XL. Fiee. 10-15. ‘Fig. 10, a plant, natural size; 11, portion of branch, showing leaf and stipule; 12, a flower; © 13, one lobe of corolla and a stamen; 14, vertical section of pistil ; 15, horizontal section of pistil: all enlarged. 10. Diodia villosa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 562; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 494. Soutu Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, ex A. Gray); New Spain (ex DeCandolle). 66. DASYCEPHALA. Dasycephala, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 565 (Diodie sect. 2) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 148. A Tropical-American genus of three or four herbaceous species. RUBIACEE. 57 1. Dasycephala indecora, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 568. Mexico, Cordillera of Guichilapa (Berlandier). 67. CRUSEA. Crusea, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 165; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 144. About a dozen herbaceous species, inhabiting Central America and Mexico. 1. Crusea brachyphylla, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 165. Sour Muxico, Cerro Colorado (Schiede & Deppe), peak of Orizaba, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2605), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. 2. Crusea calocephala, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 567. South Mexico (Mogino & Sessé), Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Michoacan, &c., at 2500 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2580, 2591). Hb. Kew. 3. Crusea coccinea, Prodr. iv. p. 567. Sour Mextco, Cordillera of Oaxaca, in woods at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2635). 4. Crusea hispidula, Bartling, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Gotting. 1839. Sourh Mexico, Juquila, western Cordillera of Oaxaca, 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotts, 2628). 5. Crusea longibracteata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 6. Nicaragua, Granada (@rsted, 39). Hb. Kew. 6. Crusea lucida, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 109. Sout Mexico (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 7. Crusea parviflora, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 430, t. 99. Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1495) ; Sours Mexico, Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 8. Crusea rubra, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 160. Sourn Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 198; Galeotte, 2580), valley of Cordova (Bourgeaw), Orizaba (Sallé), Mirador (Liebmann, 194 ; Linden, 521); Guatemaua, Volcan de Fuego, at 4600 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 9. Crusea subulata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 431. Sourn Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 10. Crusea wrightii, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. ii. p. 68. Norra Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1121). Hb. Kew. 11. Crusea, sp. South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, woods at 7000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 2640). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., April 1881. t 58 RUBIACEZA. 12. Crusea, sp. Guatema.a, Zapote (Bernoulli, 334). Hb. Kew. 13. Crusea, sp. | Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3219). Hb. Kew. 68. SPERMACOCE. Spermacoce, Linn. Gen. n. 119; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 145. A genus of about 150 species of annual and perennial herbs and undershrubs, scattered throughout the tropics, but most numerous in America. The species are greatly in need of revision. We can only give a rough list of names of those recorded as indigenous in Mexico and Central America. 4 1. Spermacoce aspera, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 130 (sub Borreria). SourH Mexico, near Juquila, on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2625). 2. Spermacoce asperifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 132. Sour Mexico, humid places near the Pacific Ocean in the State of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2626). Hb. Kew. | 8. Spermacoce bartlingiana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 544 (sub Borreria). Mexico (Henke); Costa Rica, Aguacate (sted). 4. Spermacoce distans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 344. Borreria distans, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, ini. p. 340. Soura Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo, at 3000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). In Kew herbarium Galeotti’s n. 2606 is referred to this species. See S. ovalifolia. 5. Spermacoce echioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 344; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 131. Sour Mrxico, Campeche (Humboldt & Bonpland), savannas of Zacuapan, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2611 bis). 6. Spermacoce ferruginea, St.-Hil. Pl. Us. Bras. t. 13. Borreria ferruginea, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 547; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 128. Sovtn Mexico, Mirador, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2608).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Spermacoce graminifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 129 (sub Borreria). Souta Mzxico, oak-forests of El Sabino, near Zimapan, at 6500 feet (Galeottz, 2599). Hb. Kew. RUBIACEZ. 59 8. Spermacoce henkeana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 547 (sub Borreria). Sout Mexico (Henke), Morelia (Galeotti, 2585) ; Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted, 38). Hb. Kew. 9. Spermacoce levigata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 180 (sub Borreria). SoutH Mexico, valley of Morelia, Valladolid de Michoacan, at 5000 feet, and in the plain of Jordana, near Toluca, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2586). 10. Spermacoce levis, Lam. Ill. n. 1435, t. 94. f. 2. Borreria levis, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 349. Sours Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 136); Guaremata, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 550).—And throughout the West Inpims. Hb. Kew. 11. Spermacoce longiflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 347. Sourn Mexico, near Ario and the city of Mexico, 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt &* Bonpland). 12. Spermacoce longiseta, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 128 (sub Borreria). SoutH Mexico, savannas of Zacuapan and Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2611). Hb. Kew. 18. Spermacoce oaxacana, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 130 (sub Borreria). Sours Mexico, near the city of Oaxaca, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2629). Hb. Kew. 14. Spermacoce ovalifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 129 (sub Borreria). Soura Mexico, Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2606). Hb. Kew. 15. Spermacoce parviflora, G. F. W. Mey. Fl. Esseq. p. 83, t. 1; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 044 (sub Borreria). Borreria ramisparsa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 544. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2624; Miller); GuateMaa, Mazate- nango (Bernoulli, 528); Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 47); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 147, 262), meadows near the city of Panama (Seemann, 243).—Common in Tropical Sours America and the West Inpiss. Hb. Kew. 16. Spermacoce patula, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 128 (sub Borreria). SoutH Mexico, Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2608). Hb. Kew. 42 60 RUBIACEZ. 17. Spermacoce podocephala, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 542 (sub Borreria), — NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 307); South Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), common around Tacubaya (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 18. Spermacoce portoricensis, Balb. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 552; Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 573. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky)t—Porto Rico. 19. Spermacoce procera, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 593. Souta Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2610). Hb. Kew. 20. Spermacoce psyllioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 346, t. 278. Borreria psyllioides, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 548. Sout Mexico, near Ario, 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 21. Spermacoce setosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 131 (sub Borreria). Sour Mexico, palm-forest on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2627). 22. Spermacoce spinosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 148. Borreria spinosa, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, ii. p. 340; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 542. Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 144).—Martinique; Cupa. Hb. Kew. 23. Spermacoce subulata, Pav., ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 543. Borreria subulata, DC. loc. cit. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 306) ; SourH Mexico, Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2654), Real del Monte and Zimapan (Coulter, 195), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 611), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 749), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 291). Hb. Kew. 24, Spermacoce suffrutescens, Jacq. Hort. Schénb. t. 322; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 653; Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 573. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky). Patria ignota ex DC. - 25. Spermacoce tenuior, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 147; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 552. SOUTHERN States of North America.—Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2018), Chinantla (Hartweg), Pital (Liebmann, 167), region of Orizaba - (Bourgeau, 2935); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 211); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 145). —And widely dispersed in Tropical Sourn America and the Wust Inpres. Hb. Kew. » 26. Spermacoce verticillata, Sw., ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 541. Borreria verticillata, G. F. W. Mey. Fl. Esseq. p. 83. NortH Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann); South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bour- geau, 100), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2850); GuaTEMALa, Acatenango (Hartweg, 586), without RUBIACEZ. 61 localities (Bernoulli, Salvin); Nicaragua, between Sapoa and Tortuga (@rsted).— Common nearly all over Tropica, AmERIcA and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 27. Spermacoce virgata, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iii. p. 324 (sub Borreria) ; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 128. Sours Mexico, Jalapa and Mirador, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2618).—Braziu. Hb. Kew. 69. HEXASEPALUM. Hexasepalum, Bartl., ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 561; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 145. An obscure genus of one shrubby species. 1. Hexasepalum angustifolium, Bartl., ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 561. South Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke). 70. MITRACARPUM. Mitracarpum, Zucc. in Schultes’s Mant. iii. p. 210; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 146. Thirty species of herbaceous plants, the greater part Tropical American, the remainder in Tropical and South Africa. 1. Mitracarpum breviflorum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 68. North Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1120), Sonoita valley (Rothrock). 2. Mitracarpum pallidum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 430. Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair, Grsted). Hb. Kew. 3. Mitracarpum schizangium, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 572. Sourn Mexico, Tepic (Sinclair), San Augustin (Liebmann, 157); Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo (@rsted). Hb. Kew. Var. angustifolium, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 7. Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted). 4, Mitracarpum villosum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iii. p. 363; DO. Prodr. iv. p- 072. , Spermacoce hirta, Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 308. Soura Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2607), Mirador (Linden, 1255); Costa Rica, Aguacate, at 2000 feet, and near Cartago, at 4700 feet (rsted).— CotomBra to Perv, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. | 5. Mitracarpum, sp. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 305). Hb. Kew. 62 RUBIACEH. 71. RICHARDSONIA. Richardsonia, Kunth, in H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 350, t. 279; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 147. Richardia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 439. Half a dozen herbaceous species, inhabiting the warmer parts of America. 1. Richardsonia henkeana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 569. Mexico (Henke). 2. Richardsonia pilosa, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. iii. p. 50; H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 350, t. 279; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 134. Soutn Mexico, Jalapa, Mirador, &c., 2800 to 4500 feet (Galeotti, 2582).—CoLoMBIA ; Perv. Hb. Kew. 3. Richardsonia scabra, A. St.-Hil. Pl. Us. Bras. t. 8; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 567. _ South Mexico, Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2582), Mirador, Laguna Salada, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann, 177, 178, 180, 181), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2729), Mirador (Linden, 1254); Guaremata, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 581); Costa Rica, — Cartago (@rsted, 35).——Common nearly throughout Tropical Sourh America and in the Wust Inpizes. Hb. Kew. Tribe XXV. GALIEZ. Galiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 149. The whole of this tribe is herbaceous. It comprises ten genera and upwards of 400 species, and has nearly the same range as the order, though the species are mostly confined to temperate regions. 72. RELBUNIUM. Relbunium, Endl. Gen. Plant. p. 523 (Gali sect.); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. nu. p. 149. About twenty species, exclusively American, and extending from subtropical regions in the north to Chili and Buenos Ayres. Perhaps better as a section of Galium. 1. Relbunium aschenbornii, Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 701. Mexico (Aschenborn). 2. Relbunium ciliatum, Hemsley. Galium ciliatum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. 1. p. 59. Galium involucratum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iil. p. 334. Rubia ciliata, DC. Prod. iv. p. 591. RUBIACEA. 63 Soutn Mexico, woods of El Sabino, north of the city of Mexico, at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2596).—CoLomBIA; Perv. We have not seen the Mexican specimens referred to this species by Martens and Galeotti. 3. Relbunium hypocarpium, Hemsley. Rubia hypocarpia, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 591. Valantia hypocarpia, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1491. Sout Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 225), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2622), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1551) ; Costa Rica, Cartago (Ersted) ; Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 1599).—Generally dispersed in Tropical Sourn America and the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 4, Relbunium levigatum, Hemsley. Rubia levigata, DC. Prody. iv. p. 591. Mexico (Henke) ; Costa Rica, Cartago, 5000 feet (Grsted) ? 5. Relbunium microphyllum, Hemsley. Galium microphyllum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 80. Texas; New Mexico; Arizona.—Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2062, 2063), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 309, 310); SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 186). Hb. Kew. 6. Relbunium polyplocum, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars tertia, p. 53. Herbaceum, repens vel procumbens, omnino hispidulo-pilosum, densissime ramosum, ramis fere filiformibus, internodiis brevibus, foliis parvis quaternis linearibus vel lineari-oblongis vix acutis trinerviis, nervis lateralibus juxta marginem. Herba annua vel perennis, omnino hispidulo-pilosa (pilis patentissimis albescentibus), densissime et intricatissime ramosa, ramis fere filiformibus, prominenter tetragonis, internodiis foliis zequi- longis vel duplo longioribus. Folia nitida, duriuscula, arcte sessilia, quaterna, linearia vel anguste lineari-oblonga, 2-3 lineas longa, vix acuta, trinervia, nervis lateralibus marginalibus, costa decurrente. Flores in involucro tetraphyllo solitarii, sessiles, pedunculis solitariis quam folia paullo longioribus. Fructus albo-granulosus, glabris. . Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 308); Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 516; Liebmann, 243, 244). Hb. Kew. This closely resembles 2. microphyllum, which, however, is glabrous and less intri- cately branched. 73. GALIUM. Galium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 125; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. nu. p. 149. About 253 species have been described ; but Bentham and Hooker think they might be reduced to 150. They are spread over all temperate and most subtropical regions. 1. Galium asperrimum, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 60. New Mexico; Arizona.—Norra Mexico, Mount Graham, Southern Arizona (Rothrock). 64 RUBIACEZ. 2. Galium canescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 203? SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte, at 8000 feet, and near Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2598, 2616 bis), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 886). Hb. Kew. The typical plant is a native of Peru. 3. Galium? denticulatum, Bartl. in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 612. South Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke). 4. Galium fuscum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 126. Souta Mexico, Cerro de San Felipe, near Oaxaca, at 5000 feet, and Cerro de Juquila, at 7000-8500 feet (Galeotti, 2633). Hb. Kew. 5. Galium geminiflorum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 126. (Tab. XLI. figg. 1-3.) SoutH Mexico, peak of Orizaba, at 9500 feet (Galeotti, 2604), at 10,000 feet (Lieb- mann, 236), Zimapan (Coulter, 189); GuaTeMALa, Bafio de los Padres (Bernoulli, 292). . Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLI. Fiee. 1-3. Fig. 1, a portion of plant, natural size; 2, a leaf, and 8, a fruit, enlarged. 6. Galium glaberrimum, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars tertia, p. 53. Omnino glaberrimum, ramis striatulis, foliis ampliusculis septenis (vel supremis oppositis) oblongis vel obovatis cuspidatis glaucis, floribus minutis laxe cymosis, cymarum ramulis pedicellisque filiformibus, fructu levi subcarnoso. . Herba (perennis ?) omnino glaberrima et glauca, ramis graciliusculis, teretibus, striatulis, internodiis distantibus. Folia sessilia, membranacea, septena, vel suprema opposita, oblonga vel obovata, usque sesquipollicaria, cuspidata vel aristata, basi cuneata, reticulato-venosa. Flores minuti, laxe cymosi, cymarum ramulis pedicellisque filiformibus. Fructus immaturus didymus, levis, subcarnosus. Mexico, without locality (Liebmann, 220). Hb. Kew. We have ventured to found this species on very imperfect materials, on account of its distinct character. It is readily distinguished by its glabrous glaucous stems and rather large Jeaves in whorls of seven, associated with loose inflorescence, thread-like pedicels, and a naked somewhat fleshy fruit. 7. Galium hirsutum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. i. p. 59 ?, ex Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 126. SoutH Mexico, Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2650). 8. Galium hypadenium, Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 700. Mexico (Aschenborn). 9. Galium jalapense, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 591. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). RUBIACEA. 65 10. Galium leucotrichum, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars tertia, p. 53. (Tab. XLI. figg. 4-6.) Suffrutescens, valde ramosum, ramis floriferis setosis tetragonis, internodiis brevibus, foliis quaternis sessilibus brevibus oblongo-ellipticis obtusiusculis subtrinerviis subtus dense albo-pilosis, floribus dioicis vel saltem unisexualibus minutis trichotomo-cymosis, fructu parvo longe molli- terque albo-piloso. Herba suffrutescens, valde ramosum, ramis annotinis sepe longe repentibus, levibus, glabris, nitidis, teretibus, lignescentibus, aphyllis, hornotinis vel floriferis erectis vel adscendentibus, robustiusculis, 6—-9-pollicaribus, internodiis brevibus aut brevissimis. Folia quaterna, crassi- uscula, asperula, sessilia, oblongo-elliptica, 83-6 lineas longa, obtusiuscula (in siccis margine plus minusve recurvo), subtrinervia, subtus dense albo-pilosa vel hispidula, supra glabrescentia, nitida. Flores unisexuales (dioici ?), dense trichotomo-cymosi, breviter pedicellati, g fere lineam diametro, ? semilineam diametro ; corolla extus parce et longiuscule pilosa. Fructus parvus, longe molliterque albo pilosus. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 174), San Cristobal, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3125), Tehuacan (Liebmann, 238), Orizaba (Sumichrast, 514). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLI. Fiae. 4-6. Fig. 4, portion of a plant, natural size; 5, a fruit, and 6, a leaf, magnified. 11. Galium mexicanum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 337. Sout Mexico, near Guanaxuato, 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Mirador, 2500 to 4000 feet (Galeott:, 2616; Linden, 517; Liebmann, 233), Tizapan, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 699), Orizaba (Botteri, 840, 841); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1598)? Hb. Kew. 12. Galium obstipum, Schl. in Linnea, ix. p. 592. «. latifolium, Schl. loc. cit. SoutH Mzxico, shady woods, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Botteri, 835, 837), Real del Monte (Coulter, 185), Chinantla (Liebmann, 222), woods at Yavezia, Eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2656). B. angustifolium, Schl. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, San Miguel del Soldado (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. This species may be the same as G. uncinulatum, DC. 138. Galium orizabense, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars tertia, p. 54. Herbaceum, hispidulum, vix asperulum, ramis flexilibus usque 5-pedalibus graciliusculis tetragonis, foliis quaternis lineari-lanceolatis obtusiusculis obscure trinerviis tenuibus, floribus parvis numerosissimis trichotomo-cymosis, petalis ovato-oblongis distincte acuminatis, fructu dense uncinato-setuloso, setulis vix rigidis. Herba perennis, hispidula, vix asperula, valde ramosa,ramis elongatis, usque 5-pedalibus, graciliusculis, tetragonis, flexilibus, debilibus vel interdum robustiusculis, infra sublignosis. Folia quaterna, tenuia, subsessilia, lineari-lanceolata vel fere oblonga, 3-10 lineas longa, obtusiuscula, tota sparse hispidulo-pilosa, vix scabrida, obscure trinervia. Flores numerosissimi, trichotomo- BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., ApriZ 1881. k 66 RUBIACEA. cymosi, longiuscule pedicellati, polygami, circiter 1-1} lin. diamgtro; corolle glabre lobi ovati vel ovato-oblongi, subito acuminati, obtusiusculi. Fructus dense uncinato-setulosus, setulis vix rigidis. Soutn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 838, 839, 836; Sumichrast, 1933 ; Miller, 1144, 1326; Bourgeau, 2833, 3016), Zimapan (Coulter, 188 in part). Hb. Kew. Easily distinguished from all other Mexican species, having only four leaves in a whorl, by its long rambling stems, and relatively narrow, thin, almost obtuse leaves, scarcely rough to the touch. 14. Galium proliferum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 67. Norta Mexico, along the Rio Grande. 15. Galium triflorum, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. i. p. 80.. Throughout NortH AMERIcA to—Mexico 2, without locality (Harris).—Also in Nortu- EASTERN Europe. Hb. Kew. 16. Galium uncinulatum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 600. Sout Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier). 17. Galium uropetalum, Hemsley. (Tab. XLI. figg. 7-9.) Rubia acuminata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 127. South Mexico, pine-forests, peak of Orizaba at 7000 feet, plain of Tehuacan, 5000 feet, Juquila, &c., Western Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4000 to 6000 feet (Galeotti, 2631 and 2632). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLI. Fiee. 7-9. Fig. 7, portion of a plant, natural size; 8, a leaf, and 9, a flower, enlarged. 18. Galium wrightii, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. p. 67. Norta Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright). Tb. Kew. 74, DIDYM/EA. Didymea, Hook. fil. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 150. One herbaceous species :— Y 1. Didymza mexicana, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. t. 1271. South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 177, 178; Bourgeau, 98), region of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liebmann, 255 ; Linden, 1403; Galeottt, 4405 ; Bourgeau, 3050). Hb. Kew. VALERIANEZ. 67 Order LXXII. VALERIANE. Valerianee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 151. Annual or perennial herbs, or rarely shrubby. There are nine genera, embracing about 300 species, the greater part of which inhabit the temperate and cold regions of the northern hemisphere and the Andes of South America. A few occur in Brazil, Guiana, and the West Indies; only one, and that probably introduced, in South Africa ; in Tropical Asia they are exceedingly rare; and none are known from Australasia. 1. PHYLLACTIS. Phyllactis, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 153. About thirty species of herbs or dwarf shrubs inhabiting America, chiefly the Andes, from Mexico to Chili, one species occurring in South Brazil. 1. Phyllactis mexicana, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 153. Astrephia mexicana, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 431. Soutn Mexico, Tepic (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 2. Phyllactis pratensis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 153. Astrephia pratensis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 39. Valeriana galeottiana, Mart. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 124? Soura Mxxico, Morelia (Hartweg), at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2547). Hb. Kew. 2. VALERIANA. Valeriana, Linn. Gen. n. 44 pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 154. This genus has nearly the same geographical range as the order. One species is widely dispersed in Europe and Asia, and also occurs in South Africa, where, however, it was probably introduced. 1. Valeriana affinis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 123. Sour Mexico, oak-forests of the Cerro de San Felipe, near Oaxaca, at 8000 to 9000 feet, and Juquila, Western Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5000 to 6000 feet (Galeotts, 2555). Hb. Kew. . Galeotti’s n. 2555 is referred to V. tolucana in Kew herbarium. 2. Valeriana barbareefolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 121. South Mexico, Real del Monte and Moran, at 7500 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 2549, 2553). 3 Valeriana candolleana, Gardn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 112; Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 574. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Polakowsky).—BRazIL. k2 68 VALERIANEA, 4. Valeriana ceratophylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 333, t. 276. SovrH Mexico, Chapoltepec, 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 5. Valeriana densiflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 39. SovtH Mexico, in pine-forests Anganguio (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 6. Valeriana denudata, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 20. _ Norti Mexico, Zacatecas (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 7. Valeriana galeottiana, Mart. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 124. SoutH Mexico, Jesus del Monte, near Morelia, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2547). The plant bearing Galeotti’s number 2047 in Kew herbarium is certainly Phyllactis pratensis, Benth. et Hook. 8. Valeriana laciniosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 121. Soutu Mexico, near Morelia, 6500 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2548). Hb. Kew. This is near, if not the same as, V. napus, Lindl. 9. Valeriana latifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 124. SourH Mexico, fields of Antigua, near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2558). 10. Valeriana mexicana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 640. Sout Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier). 11. Valeriana napus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 76. Soutn Mexico (Hartweg, Coulter, 906). Hb. Kew. _ 12. Valeriana phaseoli, A. Br. in Linnea, xxv. p. 299. SourH MExico, near Huatusco (Chrismar). 13. Valeriana pilosiuscula, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 122. SourH Mexico, Morelia de Michoacan, at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 2551). 14. Valeriana procera, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 329. Sourn Mexico, near Pazcuaro, at 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 15. Valeriana pulchella, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad..Brux. xi. 1, p. 123. SourH Mexico, Sierra de Yavezia, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2560). 16. Valeriana ramosissima, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. xi. 1, p. 122. SoutH Mexico, Cerro Ventoso, between Pachuca and Real del Monte, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2552). 17. Valeriana scandens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 47; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 634. FLor1ipa.—Mexico, near Jalapa, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7068), Real del Monte (Coulter, 910), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 8203; Miller, 869 bis; Botteri, 568), Mirador (Linden, 307), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1577); Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 422); Costa Rica (Endres, 79)—Southward to Peru and BraziL, and in CuBpa. Hb. Kew. VALERIANEZ. 69 18. Valeriana scorpioides, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 635. Norts Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2082); Sours Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2074), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2945 ; Miller, 173), Anganguio (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 19. Valeriana sorbifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 332. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 311) ; South Mextco, between Valladolid de Michoacan and Pazcuaro, 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Pazcuaro (Hartweg), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 623 in part). Hb. Kew. | 20. Valeriana subincisa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 39. Sour Mexico, Banco (Hartweg), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 648), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 192). Hb. Kew. 21. Valeriana tolucana, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 640. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 312) ; South Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 623 in part), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 608). Hb. Kew. . ; 29. Valeriana urticefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 330, t. 275. Sovra Mexico, Ario, Michoacan, 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2554); GUATEMALA (Bernoulli, 291).—Cotomaia; Perv. Hb. Kew. 23. Valeriana vaginata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 331. Sourn Mexico, near Real del Monte, 8000 to 9000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 24. Valeriana, sp. | Astrephia mexicana, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 297, nec Hook. et Arn. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2133), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1071). Hb. Kew. [DipsacE#& is a small order not represented in America; and CALYCERE, an order consisting of three genera and about twenty-five species, is peculiar to South America, chiefly extratropical, though one maritime species extends northwards to Bahia. | Order LXXIII. COMPOSIT. Composite, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 163. Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees. Bentham and Hooker estimate the number of species at 9800, which they refer to 766 genera; whilst some authors would raise the number of genera to 1000, and the number of species to 12,000. 70 COMPOSITA. Tribe I. VERNONIACEZ. Vernoniacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 165 et 169. This tribe consists of forty genera, and is remarkable alike for the number of mono- typic genera and for the large number of species belonging to the genus Vernonia itself. It is essentially a tropical and subtropical tribe, having its greatest concentra- tion of species in South America. Few of the species are peculiar to Australia; and the tribe is unrepresented in Europe. 1. SPARGANOPHORUWS. Sparganophorus, Vaill. in Gertn. Fruct. 11. p. 395, t. 165; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 223. One annual species :— 1. Sparganophorus vaillantii, Gertn. Fruct. ii. p. 395, t. 165. Sparganophorus struchium, Pers. ; Jacq. Eclog. t. 181. ~~ Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 142).—Widely dispersed in Tropical SoutH America and the West Inpius, as well as in Tropical Arrica. Hb. Kew. 2. CENTRATHERUM. Centratherum, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1817; DC. Prodr. v. p. 70; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 225. About six herbaceous species, two of which occur in Tropical America, and one of these is also in Australia. The others are Asiatic. 1. Centratherum punctatum, Cass. Dict. vii. p. 384; DC. Prodr. v. p. 70. -— Panama, savannas about Panama (Seemann).— VENEZUELA; GUIANA; Bazi. Hb. Kew. 3. VERNONIA. Vernonia, Schreb. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 541; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 227. A genus of nearly 400 species of herbs and half-shrubs, most numerous in the warmer parts of America, abundant in Tropical Africa, and not rare in Tropical and Subtropical Asia; and one of the Asiatic speeies extends to Australia. 1. Vernonia acilepis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 68. Nicaragua, Volcan de Masaya, 2000 feet (Girsted, 2). Hb. Kew. 2. Vernonia alamani, DC. Prodr. v. p. 61. Sourn Mexico, San Miguel (Liebmann, 477), oak-woods, Banco (Hartweg, 332), * without localities (Bates, Parkinson) Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 71 3. Vernonia angustifolia, Michx. Fl. Bor-Am. ii. p. 94? Norta Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1483); Soura Mrxico, ravines of Guada- lajara, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2400). Hb. Kew. Typical V. angustifolia, Michx., grows in dry pine-woods from Carolina to Florida. 4. Vernonia arborescens, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. ii. p. 1320; DC. Prodr. v. p. 48. Nicaraeua, Segovia (Girsted), Chontales (Tate, 347); Guatemana, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin) (—West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 5. Vernonia arctioides, Less. in Linnea, vi. pp. 400 et 672. Diazeuxis serrata, Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 254. Sourn Mexico, Cuesta Grande de Chiconquiaco (Schiede & Deppe), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet, and Zacuapan (Linden, 1159, 2300)%. Hb. Kew. 6. Vernonia aschenborniana, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 714. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn), Pital (Liebmann, 355). Hb. Kew. 7. Vernonia barbinervis, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 297. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1998). Hb. Kew. 8. Vernonia bolleana, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 297. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1992). Hb. Kew. 9. Vernonia brachiata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 67. Costa Rica, Aguacate, 2000 feet, Naranjo, 5000 feet (Grsted, 6). Hb. Kew. 10. Vernonia bullata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 67. Nicaragua, Cartago, 5000 feet (Girsted). 11. Vernonia canescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 35, t. 317. ~~ Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 160), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 435).— PErv. Hb. Kew. 12. Vernonia cordata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 39. SoutH Mexico, near the town of Tasco, at 5500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 13. Vernonia corymbiformis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 62. Mexico (Karwinski). _ 14, Vernonia deppeana, Less. in Linnea, vi. pp. 398 et 655. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1226), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1972, 1973), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1085, 1087), Matlaluca (Liebmann, 361), Chiapas (Linden, 429) ; GUATEMALA, in the valley of Guatemala (Hartweg); Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (Grsted, 7). Hb. Kew. | 15. Vernonia ehrenbergiana, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 513. SoutH Mexico, Barranca, near Los Reyes (Ehrenberg, 710). 72 COMPOSITZ. 16. Vernonia foliosa, Schz. Bip. in Pollichia, 1861, p. 161. Monosis foliosa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 19. Sour Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg, 133). Hb. Kew. This should perhaps include both V. steetzit and V. salicifolia, Schz. Bip. 17. Vernonia fragrans, La Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 24; DC. Prodr. v. p. 64. Sout Mexico, near San José del Corral. 18. Vernonia hypoleuca, DC. Prodr. v. p. 27. Mexico (Henke). 19. Vernonia inuloides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 62. Mexico (Karwinskt). 20. Vernonia karwinskiana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 62. Mexico (Karwinski). 21. Vernonia lanceolaris, DC. Prodr. v. p. 37. 7 Sour Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 16, 20); Guatemata (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaraeua, Realejo (Sinclair); Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted); Panama, Chagres ~~ (Fendler, 150), cleared places (S. Hayes, 484).—Cotompia; Perv. Hb. Kew. 22. Vernonia leiboldiana, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 742. Leiboldia ovata, Schl. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, San Augustin (Liebmann, 671), valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3420 ; Botteri, 1079). Hb. Kew. 23. Vernonia leiocarpa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 34. _ South Mexico, oak-district near Vera Cruz, at 2800 feet (Galeotti, 2324), Mirador (Liebmann, 1), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1209). Hb. Kew. 24. Vernonia liatroides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 34. Sour Mexico, between Tula and Tampico (Berlandier), San Luis to Tampico (Palmer, 1081). Hb. Kew. | 25. Vernonia mexicana, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 680. SoutH Mexico, Cuesta Grande de Chiconquiaco (Schiede). 26. Vernonia monosis, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 507. Monosis? tomentosa, DC. Prody. v. p. 77. Turpinia? tomentosa, La Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 24. Fulcaldea? tomentosa, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 248. SoutH Mexico, near Vallisoletum (La Llave). Specimens in Kew herbarium (e. g. Liebmann’s 51) referred to this species by Schultz Bipontinus are undoubtedly the same as the type specimens of V. paniculata, DC. COMPOSITA. 73 27. Vernonia odoratissima, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 322 Nicaracua (Tate, 140). Hb. Kew. The typical plant grows in Venezuela and Colombia. 28. Vernonia pallens, Schz. Bip. in Pollichia, 1861, p. 161. Mexico (Henri de Buren). 29. Vernonia paniculata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 23. South Mexico, San Dionisio, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 270), Hquitla (Liebmann, 51). Hb. Kew. . This should include V. monosis, Schz. Bip., if not Monosis tomentosa, DC. 30. Vernonia patens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 41; Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 189. —— Panama, savannas about Panama (Seemann).—SovutH AMERICA. 31. Vernonia peppigiana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 20, nec p. 55? South Mexico, Mirador (Iiebmann, 352), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1850), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2298), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1211); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Tate, 407), Segovia (Hirsted).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. Schultz Bipontinus, on Liebmann’s labels, refers this species to V. geminiflora, Poepp., which does not appear to be a published name. Buek, in his Index to volumes iil. to v. of the Prodromus, p. v, proposes changing DeCandolle’s V. pappigiana (Prod. v. p. 55, nec p. 20) into V. argyropappa. 82. Vernonia punctata, Sw. ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 353. British Honpuras (Temple).— West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 33. Vernonia rubricaulis, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 66, t. 99. Mexico (ex Schultz Bipontinus).—CoLoMBIA. 34. Vernonia salicifolia, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 507. Monosis salicifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 77. Sovrn Mexico, mountains of Cuernavaca (Berlandier), region of Orizaba (LMiiller, 860; Bottert, 1128). Hb. Kew. This should, perhaps, include V. foliosa and V. steetzit, Schz. Bip. 35. Vernonia salvine, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. XLI*.) Aff. V. alamani, foliis elongatis multo longioribus subtus strigilloso-hirsutis, capitulis maximis subsolitariis, involucri bracteis scariosis, exterioribus angustis, intermediis late ovatis, interiori- bus angustis, corollis elongatis, acheniis tetragonis fere vel omnino eglandulosis. Herba vel frutex, novellis ferrugineo-tomentosis, ramis crassiusculis. Folia alterna, petiolata, membranacea, lanceolato-oblonga, usque ad 9-pollicaria, calloso-serrata, utrinque attenuata, apice acutiuscula, supra secus costam puberula, ceterum glabra, subtus strigilloso-hirsuta. Capitula subsolitaria, pedunculis quam folia multo brevioribus ; involucri bractez scariosz, | acute vel mucronate, laxe, parte intecta puberule, exteriores lineares, breves, intermedize late ovate, interiores lineari-oblonge, apice tantum coloratee ; receptaculum convexum ; corollz BIOL CENT-AMER., Bot. Vol. I., April 1881. i 74 COMPOSITA. parce glandulose, elongatz, alte 5-fide; antherz basi sagittate. Achenia tetragona, ob- pyramidata, fere vel omnino eglandulosa. Guatemala, Las Nubes, Cerro de Zunil, 4350 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLI*. Fig. 1, portion of a receptacle; 2, a palet; 3, a flower; 4, a bristle of the pappus; 5, a stamen; 6, upper portion of a style; 7, an achene: all enlarged. 36. Vernonia scabra, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 44; DOC. Prodr. v. p. 392 SoutH Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1229).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 37. Vernonia schiedeana, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 399. Sourn Mexico, Papantla and Misantla (Schiede), Colipa (Liebmann, 364), near Tantoyuca (Hrvendberg, 51), skirting woods near Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2305), Mirador (Liebmann, 363; Linden, 1167), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 15). Hb. Kew. 88. Vernonia seemanniana, Stectz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 139. Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1589 ; Bridges). Hb. Kew. 39. Vernonia serratuloides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 33, t. 316. Soutn Mexico, Valladolid, Michoacan (Humboldt & Bonpland), Leon (Mendez). 40. Vernonia sinclairii, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 109. SourH Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 41. Vernonia steetzli, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 297. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1997 in part). Hb. Kew. Var. collilepis, Schz. Bip. loc. cit. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1997 in part). Hb. Kew. See remarks under V. salictfolia and V. foliosa. 42. Vernonia stellaris, La Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 23. SoutH Mexico, San José del Corral (La Lilave). 43. Vernonia tarchonanthifolia, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 507. Monosis tarchonanthifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 77. Mexico (Karwinski). 44. Vernonia toluccana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 30. Sour Mexico, around Toluca (Andrieux, 273), without locality (Christy). Hb. Kew. 45. Vernonia triantha, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 714. SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Aschenborn). 46. Vernonia triflosculosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 40. SoutH Mexico, Acaguitsola and Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). COMPOSITA. 79 47, Vernonia uniflora, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 506. MExico (Aschenborn). 48. Vernonia, sp. (aff. V. virentis, Schz. Bip.). GuaTEMALA (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 49, Vernonia, sp. (aff. V. arborescentis, Sw.). GuaTEeMALa, Volcan de Fuego, 6500 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 50. Vernonia, sp. Panama, Empire railway-station (S. Hayes, 481). Hb. Kew. 51. Vernonia, sp. GuaTEeMALA, Duefias (Fraser, 7). Hb. Kew. 52. Vernonia, sp. (V. angustifolia, var. 2). Nortu Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1483). Hb. Kew. 4, PIPTOCARPHA. Piptocarpha, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. p. 121; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 231. Carphobolus, Schott in Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. p. 409. A Tropical-American (chiefly Brazilian) genus, consisting of about twenty-five shrubby species. 1. Piptocarpha chontalensis, Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. fasc. Ixii. p. 132. Nicaraaua, Chontales (Seemann, 110; Tate, 428). Hb. Kew. 5. BOLANOSA. Bolanosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 82; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 2382. One shrubby species. 1. Bolanosa coulteri, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 82. South Mexico, Bolafios (Coulter, 238). Hb. Kew. 6. OLIGANTHES. | Oliganthes, Cass. Dict. xxxvi. p. 18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 233. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about eight: species, extending from Mexico to Colombia, Guiana, and Brazil. . . 1. Oliganthes discolor, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 502. Dialesta discolor, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 44, t. 320. | —— Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Seemann, 1585).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. — 2. Oliganthes karwinskii, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xx. p. 505. Sourn Mexico, Capalalpan (Karwinskz). 12 76 COMPOSITA. 3. Oliganthes oxylepis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 233. Soura Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 21). Hb. Kew. 7. ELEPHANTOPUS. Elephantopus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 237; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 237. Perennial herbs. A dozen or more species widely dispersed in tropical regions. 1. Elephantopus angustifolius, Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 115; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 355. Elephantosis angustifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 87. Sourd Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann. 292); NicaRacua, Granada (Grsted); Panama, | ~~~ in pastures among shrubs (Seemann, 60). —General i in Tropical Sourn America and the West Inpizes. Hb. Kew. 2. Elephantopus spicatus, B. Juss. in Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 808. Distreptus spicatus, Cass. et Less., ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 87. Matamoria spicata, La Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 8. South Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 1176), near Vera Cruz, at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 2220), valley of Cordova (Bowrgeau, 1638), Orizaba (Botteri, 1151); Guaremata —~ (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 800); Costa Rica (Endres); Panama, Chagres (Fender, 175).—And northern part of Sourg America and the West Inp1zs. Hb. Kew. 3. Elephantopus scaber, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 18313; DC. Prodr. v. p. 86; Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. fase. lxii. p. 173. Elephantopus tomentosus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 13814. Elephantopus martii, Grah. in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 1830, p. 2. Elephantopus mollis, 1. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 26. Elephantopus carolinianus, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 2390. A variable species, common and widely dispersed in Tropica, and SvBTROPICAL AMERICA, as well as in the OLD WoriLD. Hb. Kew. 8. ROLANDRA. Rolandra, Rottb. in Soc. Med. Havn. Collect. ii. p. 256; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 237. Only one shrubby or subshrubby species known :— 1. Rolandra argentea, Rottb. Coll. Havn. ii. p. 206, ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 90; Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1388, t. 27. ~~~ Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 143).—Gutana, Brazit, and West Inpies. Hb. Kew. COMPOSITZ. 497 9. SPIRACANTHA. Spiracantha, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 28; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. il. p. 237. A shrubby monotype. 1. Spiracantha cornifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 28, t. 313. GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. Tribe II. EUPATORIACEA. Eupatoriacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 165 et 171. Thirty-four genera are referred to this tribe; and several of them are very numerous in species, especially Eupatorium. A very large proportion of the genera are peculiar to America, as well as the majority of the species of the genera having a wider range. 10. PIQUERIA. Piqueria, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 18, t. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 238. About twelve shrubby and herbaceous species in Tropical America, from Mexico to Bolivia. 1. Piqueria pilosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 153. Souta Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 824, 825), Tacubaya (Schaffner), between Capula and Pazcuaro, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 9. Piqueria serrata, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 25. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 496). Hb. Kew. 3. Piqueria triflora, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis anguste lanceolatis obtusis basi cuneatis primum utrinque pubescentibus, capitulis trifloris, involucri bracteis 8 extus omnino hirsutis, corolla tubo extus villoso, acheniis clavatis 5-costatis basi attenuatis callosis. Herba erecta, 2-3-pedalis, et forsan ultra, ramosa, ramis pilosulis, striatis. Fola omnia opposita, anguste lanceolata, 2-5-pollicaria, apice obtusa, basi in petiolum brevem attenuata, remote calloso-denticulata, trinervia, utrinque plus minusve pilosula vel pubescentia. Capitula racemoso-corymboso-cymosa, triflora ; involucri bractex 3, extus omnino hirsute, elliptic, obscure trinervi, mucronate; corolle tubus extus villosus, basi fimbriatus, lobis parum brevior. Achenia nigra, glabra, clavata, 5-costata, deorsum attenuata, basi callosa, callo parvo vix obliquo. Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1478). Hb. Kew. We find no mention of this plant in Seemann’s Botany of the Voyage of the ‘Herald’; but there is ample material of it in Kew herbarium. It differs from P. trinervia and P. pilosa in its flower-heads containing only three flowers in an involucre of three bracts, and in the latter being hairy on the back, as well as in other details. From P. serrata it differs in its hairiness, foliage, and achenes. 78 COMPOSIT A. 4, Piqueria trinervia, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 19, t. 235; Bot. Mag. t. 2650. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 314) ; South Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 721), Cerro de Bafios (Bourgeau, 144); Yavesia (Liebmann, 110), cultivated fields near Mexico (Bourgeau, 1402), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), Zimapan to Real del Monte (Couléer, 263), Tacubaya (Bilimek, 578), without localities (Tate, Graham, Sallé). Hb. Kew. 11. PHANTA. Phania, DC. Prodr. v. p. 114; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 238. Three West-Indian species, and the following doubtful one :— 1. Phania trinervia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 115; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 527. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). Possibly the same as Ageratum arbutifolium. 12. DECACH ATA. Decacheta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 183; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 238. Limited to the Mexican species, which are undershrubs. 1. Decacheta henkeana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 133; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 13. South Mexico, Gualulu, San Miguel (Liebmann, 47), Tepic (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 2. Decacheta seemannii, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 239; Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 33. (Tab. XLII.) Ageratum microphyllum, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 298. Suffruticosa, ramosa, ramis gracilibus junioribus puberulis, foliis parvis obovato-spathulatis vel interdum fere ovatis inciso-crenatis, capitulis 6-12-floris, involucri bracteis obtusis, pappi paleis 5 longe aristatis. | Frutexr nana, ramosa, ramis teretibus, gracilibus, junioribus puberulis. Folia opposita vel superiora alterna, petiolata, herbacea, ovata usque obovato-spathulata vel fere rotundata, 3-6 lin. longa, puberula, venis subtus sepe prominentibus, petiolo brevissimo. Capitula 6-12-flora, sessilia vel breviter pedunculata, secus pedunculos communes terminales elongatos disposita ; involucri bracteze oblonge, obtusiuscule, glabre; pappi pale sepissime 5, longe barbato-aristatz, ac corolla equilonge. Achenia glabra, 5-costata. Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal and Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1467, 2043). Hb. Kew. It was not until after the plate had been printed off that we discovered Schultz had already described this plant under the name of Ageratum microphyllum. We had overlooked this in consequence of a memorandum in Kew herbarium to the effect that the plant was not mentioned in the Botany of the ‘Herald.” By a slip in the ‘Genera Plantarum,’ the pappus is described as consisting of ten instead of five pales. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLII. Fig. 1, a flower-head ; 2, ovary, with pappus removed and corolla laid open; 3, a complete flower ; 4, a stamen ; 5, a style; 6, a pale of the pappus: all enlarged. COMPOSITE. 79 13. OPHRYOSPORUS. Ophryosporus, Meyen, Reise, i. p. 402; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p 239. Seven shrubby species, extending from Mexico to Chili and Brazil. 1. Ophryosporus ovatifolius, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 239. Nothites ovatifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 187. Mexico (Henke, Seemann). Hb. Kew. 14. GYMNOCORONIS. Gymnocoronis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 106; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 239. Herbaceous plants. Besides the Mexican species there is one in South America, extending from Bolivia to Bonaria and Monte Video, 1. Gymnocoronis latifolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 296. SoutH Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 15. ADENOSTEMMA. Adenostemma, Forst. Char. Gen. p. 89, t. 45; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 239. Glandular herbs. About thirty species have been described; but Bentham and Hooker think they might be reduced to five. One is very widely dispersed in warm countries; and the others are restricted to the warmer parts of America. 1. Adenostemma hirtiflorum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 75. GuateMALA, Rancho de Santa Rita, near Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 531). Hb. Kew. 16. ALOMIA. Alomia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 151; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 240. About eight species of herbs and undershrubs, one of which is a native of the Pacific Islands, two of Mexico, and the rest of Brazil. 1. Alomia ageratoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 152, t. 354. Phalacrea lindeni, Schz. Bip. ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 240. South Mexico, near Mescala, 1600 to 1700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Matlahua (Liebmann, 84). Hb. Kew. 9. Alomia alata, Hemsley, n. sp. Gracilis, glanduloso-pilosula, foliis tenuissimis cordatis longe petiolatis, petiolo anguste alato, involucri bracteis 3-seriatis apice aristulatis, corollis cylindricis, achentis basi callosis apice disco carnoso persistente instructis, pappo nullo. Herba erecta, gracilis, ramosa, ramulis teretibus foliisque glanduloso-pilosulis. Folia opposita vel superiora alterna, longe petiolata, tenuissima, cordata, 1—-4-pollicaria, acuta, grosse crenata ; petiolus anguste alatus. Capitula parva, corymboso-paniculata; involucri bractez 3-seriate, glabrescentes, lineares, apice aristulate, exteriores breviores; receptaculum nudum, leviter 80 | COMPOSITA. convexum; corolle parcissime glandulose, omnes tubulose, cylindrice, lobis brevissimis ; anther incluse, appendiculatz (in speciminibus nostris vacuz) ; styli rami longe exserti. Achenia subobliqua, 4—5-costata, nigra, parcissime glandulosa, basi callosa, apice disco carnoso coronata. Souta Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1216 ; Bilimek, 579). Hb. Kew. This species differs from A. ageratoides, H. B. K., in its foliage, shorter involucral bracts, longer corollas, and flat receptacle. All the anthers we examined were quite empty. 17. TRICHOCORONIS. Trichocoronis, A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 65; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 240. Two herbaceous species. 1, Trichocoronis greggii, A. Gray, Pl. Wright. i. p. 89. Mexico, between Mexico and Mazatlan (Gregq). 2. Trichocoronis rivularis, A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 65. New Mexico, Texas.—NortH Mexico, Monterey (Berlandier, Eaton & Edwards, Gregg), Cerralvo (Gregg), San Luis to Tampico (Palmer, 1091). Hb. Kew. 18. ASCHENBORNTA. Aschenbornia, Schauer in Linnzea, xix. p. 716; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 241. A monotypic shrub. 1. Aschenbornia heteropoda, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 716. Nort Mexico, Tacubaya (Aschenborn). 19. AGERATUM. Ageratum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 936; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 241. About twenty-four herbaceous and shrubby species inhabiting Tropical and Sub- tropical America, and one of them widely dispersed in warm countries of the Old World. 1. Ageratum adscendens, Schz. Bip. MSS. in Hb. Kew. Perenne, decumbens, glanduloso-pilosum, ramis floriferis paucifoliatis adscendentibus, foliis oblongo- obovatis usque orbicularibus crenatis, capitulis mediocribus paucis cymosis, involucri bracteis ad 12 biseriatis lineari-oblongis acutis herbaceis glanduloso-pilosis, receptaculo nudo, corolla glabra infundibuliformi, acheniis elongatis hispidulis, pappi paleis 5 brevibus fimbriatis. Herba perennis, decumbens, omnino piloso-glandulosa, ramis floriferis paucifoliatis, adscendentibus, semi- usque sesquipedalibus. Folia oblongo-obovata usque orbicularia, inferiora conferta, distincte petiolata, superiora distantia, sessilia, 1-8-pollicaria, crenata, demum glabrescentia. Capitula ad 25-flora, 3 lineas et ultra diametro, pauca, cymosa ; involucri bractee ad 12, sub- biseriatze, lineari-oblonge, acute, herbacex, glanduloso-pilosz ; receptaculum parvum, nudum, planum ; corolla glabra, infundibuliformis, infra medium angusta. Achenia elongata, hispi- dula, recta, 5-angulata; pappi palez 5, breves, fimbriate. COMPOSITA. | 81 Souta Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, 10,000 to 11,500 feet (Galeotti, 2160; Linden, 489 ; Liebmann, 214), alpine region of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 839). Hb. Kew. The decumbent habit and ascending almost leafless flowering-stems readily distinguish this from all other species. 2, Ageratum albidum, Hemsley. Celestina albida, DC. Prodr. v. p. 107. SoutH Mexico, between Oaxaca and Mitla (Andrieua, 548). Hb. Kew. 3. Ageratum arbutifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 149. Phania arbutifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 115. Sour Mexico, Nauhcampatepetl or Cofre de Perote, 10,200 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland), Popocatepetl, 11,000 feet (Galeotti, 2380), Peak of Orizaba, 9000 to 12,500 feet (Linden, 1121; Galeotti, 2159; Liebmann, 213). Hb. Kew. 4, Ageratum brachystephanum, Regel, Gartenflora, ii. p. 245, t. 108. fig. ¢; Steetz in Peters’s Reise n. Mossambique, p. 373, in adnot. Ageratum mexicanum, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. i. t. 89, nec Sims, ex Steetz, loc. cit. Mexico (ex Sweet).— VENEZUELA ; SAN DomInGo. We have followed Steetz in retaining this as a distinct species, though we suspect that this, as well as A. mexicanum, Sims, are not more than varieties, at most, of A. conyzoides. 5. Ageratum conyzoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1175; DC. Prodr. v. p. 108; Steetz in Peters’s Mossambique, p. 368; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 15% South Mexico, Mirador and Antigua (Liebmann, 148, 149), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1557), Vera Cruz (Linden, 468, 1210), Orizaba (Galeotti, 2222; Bourgeau, 2684); GuateMaLa, Chojoja, Mazaltenango (Bernoulli, 476); Nicaraeua, Chontales (Seemann, 99).—A common weed in nearly all Warm Countrizs. Hb. Kew. This should perhaps include A. brachystephanum and A. mexicanum. 6. Ageratum corymbosum, Zuccag., ex Pers. Syn. ii. p. 402, nec Benth. Ageratum celestinum, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1730. . Sparganophorus ageratoides, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. 1815, p. 25. Celestina ageratoides, WH. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 151. Celestina corymbosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 108. Calestina lessingiana, K1., ex Walp. Rep. ii. p. 545? ~ Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 315, 317, 318); Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 247 in part), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 719; Schaffner, 286), without localities (Parkinson, Tate, Bates, Graham) ; GuaTEMALA, Barranca del Incarnacion (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 7. Ageratum echioides, Hemsley. Isocarpha echioides, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 141, t. 2. figg. 14-16 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 107. SoutH Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador (Linden, BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., Aprid 1881. m 82 ' COMPOSITA. 1156 ; Liebmann, 148, 144), Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2200), Orizaba (Miller, 1129; Bourgeau, 3207, 2393; Sallé). Hb. Kew. 8. Ageratum glanduliferum, Schz. Bip. MSS. in Hb. Kew. Herbaceum vel fruticosum, glanduloso-villosum, foliis sessilibus vel subsessilibus ovato-oblongis crenatis, capitulis multifloris ad apices ramulorum cymosis, involucri bracteis latis biseriatis exterioribus villosis et pluricostatis, receptaculo nudo plano, corolla infundibuliformi pauci- glandulosa, acheniis immaturis hispidulis, pappi paleis 5 brevibus fimbriatis. Frutex (vel herba suffrutescens) fere omnino dense longeque glanduloso-villosus, ramis teretibus. Folia omnia opposita, sessilia vel subsessilia, ovato-oblonga, }—2-pollicaria, crenata. Capitula multiflora, pauca, ad apices ramulorum conferta ; involucri bractez late, subbiseriate, exteriores villose, pluricostate ; receptaculum nudum, planum; corolla sparse glandulosa, infundibuli- formis, infra medium angustissima. Achenia immatura hispidula, 5-angulata; pappi pales 5, breves, fimbriatz. South Mexico, Sempoaltepec (Liebmann, 238). Hb. Kew. There is also a specimen in Kew herbarium labelled “ Venezuela &c.” (Fendler, 1155). 9, Ageratum isocarphoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 107. Mexico (Henke). 10. Ageratum latifolium, Hemsley, nec Cav. Celestina latifolia, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 72. GUATEMALA, base of Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted, 251, 253). Hb. Kew. 11. Ageratum mexicanum, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2524, nec Sweet, ex Steetz in Peters’s Mossambique, p. 372, in adnot. Soutu Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede). 12. Ageratum microcarpum, Hemsley. Celestina microcarpa, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 72. Costa Rica, Cartago (Girsted, 241, 247, 248). Hb. Kew. 13. Ageratum microcephalum, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. XLIII. figg. 1-5.) Annuum, ramis elongatis teretibus, foliis omnibus oppositis lanceolatis supra scabridis subtus den- sissime et minutissime glandulosis (nec hirsutis), capitulis minimis dense cymoso-corymbosis, involucri bracteis angustis acutis rigidis pluriseriatis, receptaculo paleis paucissimis instructo, corolla subcylindrica glandulosa, achentis glabris, pappo brevissimo coroniformi integro. Herba annua, floribus albis (fide Galeotti), ramis teretibus, elongatis, graciliusculis, rectis, rigidis, sublignosis, puberulis, purpureo-striatis. ola omnia opposita, breviter petiolata, lanceolata, 24—5-pollicaria, remotiuscule calloso-denticulata, utrinque gracatim attenuata, apice obtu- siuscula, supra scabrida, subtus glandulis flavis minutis densissime instructa. Capitula minima (1-14 lin. diametro), numerosa, creberrime cymoso-corymbosa; involucri bractez puberulz, angustz, acute, rigide, pluriseriate ; receptaculum fere planum, paleis paucissimis linearibus quam flores brevioribus instructum; corolla subcylindrica, extus glandulosa, lobi brevi. Achenia glabra, alba, 5-angulata, sepissime obliqua; pappus brevissimus, coroniformis, integer. COMPOSIT A. 83 SoutH Mexico, fields and woods, at 7000 feet, in the Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2098). Hb. Kew. | The very small flower-heads constitute the most striking character of this species. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLIII. Fiee. 1-5. _ Fig. 1, portion of plant, natural size; 2, a flower-head; 3, a floret; 4, style; 5, anther: all enlarged. 14. Ageratum paleaceum, Hemsley. Celestina paleacea, Gray, ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 107. SoutH Mexico, around Oaxaca (Andrieur, 287). Hb. Kew. | 15. Ageratum petiolatum, Hemsley. Celestina petiolata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 433. Nicaracua, Realejo (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 16. Ageratum salicifolium, Hemsley, n. sp. Glabrescens, ramis gracilibus, foliis anguste lanceolatis longe acuminatis integris vel remote den- tatis, capitulis multifloris corymbosis, involucri bracteis numerosis angustis acutis rigidis 2-3- seriatis, receptaculo nudo leviter conico, corolla subcylindrica puberula, acheniis glabris sepissime 4-angulatis basi oblique callosis, pappo brevi cupulato irregulariter 4—5-dentato. Suffrutex (vel herba basi lignosa) cito glabrescens, ramis gracilibus, striatulis. Fodia omnia opposita, . breviter vel longiuscule petiolata, anguste lanceolata, 2—4-pollicaria, longe acuminata, vix acuta, basi cuneata, integra vel remote dentata. Capitula multiflora, pauca, corymbosa; involucri bracteze numerose, 2-3-seriate, pilose, anguste, acute, rigide ; receptaculum nudum, leviter conicum ; corolla cylindrica, puberula. Achenia glabra, szepissime 4-angulata; pappus brevis, cupulatus, irregulariter 4-5-dentatus.—Celestina corymbosa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 111, pro parte, nec DC. SoutH Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 17. Ageratum scabriusculum, Hemsley. Celestina scabriuscula, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 72. Celestina corymbosa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 111, pro parte. South Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair); GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica (Girsted). Hb. Kew. 18. Ageratum sessilifolium, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 715. Mexico (Aschenborn). —— 19..Ageratum strictum, Hemsley, n. sp. Annuum, erectum, strictum, caulibus gracilibus, internodiis longis, foliis lanceolatis calloso-denti- culatis supra scabridis subtus glandulis minutis creberrimis instructis, capitulis mediocribus multifloris corymbosis, involucri bracteis numerosis linearibus acutis rigidis, receptaculo nudo leviter conico, corolla subcylindrica puberula simul parce glandulosa, acheniis glabris szepissime 4-angulatis, pappo brevi cupulato 4—5-dentato. Herba annua, floribus ceruleo-violaceis (fide Galeotti), caulibus erectis, gracilibus, puberulis, pur- pureis, internodiis elongatis. Folia omnia opposita, breviter petiolata, lanceolata, 14-2-polli- m2 84 COMPOSITA. caria, utrinque attenuata, apice vix acuta, margine calloso-denticulata, supra scabrida, subtus puberula, simul glandulis minutis rufis creberrime instructa. Capitula mediocria, multiflora, pauca, corymbosa; involucri bractez numerose, biseriatz, lineares, acute, rigide, pilose ; receptaculum nudum, leviter conicum ; corolla subcylindrica, puberula, simul parce glandulosa. Achenia glabra, sepissime 4-angulata, basi oblique callosa; pappus brevis, cupulatus, 4-5- dentatus. SourH Mexico, Uruapan, Michoacan, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2451). Hb. Kew. 20. Ageratum tomentosum, Hemsley. Celestina tomentosa, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 71. South Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2924), Real del Monte (Coulter, 247), Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2202), province of Vera Cruz (Linden, 1185), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 547); GuatemMaLa, Capetillo, Volcan de Fuego, 4600 feet (Salvin) ; Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (rsted). Hb. Kew. 20. SCHATZELLIA. Schetzellia, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1850, p. 419; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 242. ‘Limited at present to one annual species :— 1. Schetzellia mexicana, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1850, p. 419. South Mexico, ravines of the Tierra Caliente, at 1500 feet (Galeotti, 2302), Acasonica, _ Vera Cruz (Linden, 1168). Hb. Kew. 21. STEVIA. Stevia, Cav. Ic. iv. p. 32, tt. 354-856 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 242. From eighty to 100 herbaceous and half-shrubby American species, chiefly western, from Mexico to Chili, a few occurring in Buenos Ayres, Brazil, and Guiana. 1. Stevia angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 149. | Soutn Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra &c., 7200 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without localities (Bates, Parkinson). Ub. Kew. 2. Stevia aschenborniana, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xxv. p. 269. Stevia podocephala, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 718, nec DC. Mexico (Aschenborn). 3. Stevia berlandieri, A. Gray, in Torr. Bot. Emory Rep. p. 73, in adnot. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer), near Saltillo (Gregg, 224). Hb. Kew. 4, Stevia canescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 143. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Wright); Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 276, 277), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), about Guanajuato and Chalma, 6600 COMPOSITA. 85 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tacubaya (Bilimek, 499; Graham), Escamella (Bourgeau, 3994); GuatemaLa (Skinner).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 5. Stevia clinopodia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 116. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 320) ; Souta Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 815, 1223), Orizaba (Botteri, 1162), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2066); Costa Rica, Aguacate and Ujaras (Grsted, 194, 195, 196). Hb. Kew. 6. Stevia compacta, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 197. Costa Rica, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted, 199).—Cotomsia ; Perv. Hb. Kew. 7. Stevia connata, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 27; DC. Prodr. v. p. 117. MEXICO. 8. Stevia cordifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 39. SoutH Mexico, Regla (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 9. Stevia coronifera, DC. Prodr. v. p. 115. Mexico (Mairet, 118). Hb. Kew. ° 10. Stevia dissitifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 121. Mexico (Henke). . 11. Stevia dissoluta, Schl. Hort. Halens. p. 16; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 547. MExico. * 12. Stevia divaricata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 123. MEXxIco. 13. Stevia ehrenbergiana, Schl. in Linnea, xvi. p. 370. SoutH Mexico, Mineral del Monte (Ehrenberg). 14. Stevia elatior, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 144. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 330) ; SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1101), Tacubaya (Schaffner).— VENEZUELA and CoLomBiA to Perv. Hb. Kew. 15. Stevia elliptica, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 434. North Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1488) ; Soura Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), Acapulco (Hinds), Desierto Viejo and Pedregal (Bourgeau, 822, 1236). Hb. Kew. 16. Stevia eupatoria, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1775; DC. Prodr. v. p. 118; Bot. Mag. t. 1849. Stevia hyssopifolia, Cav. Prel. 465 ; Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 26, non Kunth nec Sims. Stevia punctata, Pers. Ench, ui. p. 403. 86 COMPOSITA, Ageratum punctatum, Ort. Dec. iii. p. 37. Mustelia eupatoria, Spreng. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. vi. p. 152, t. 13. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 324) ; Sours Mexico, Morelia, 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2419), without localities (Parkinson, Graham). Hb. Kew. 17. Stevia fascicularis, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 140. Souta Mexico, everywhere around Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 18. Stevia fastigiata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 148. SoutH Mexico, near Guanajuato, at 6500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 19. Stevia glandulifera, Schl. Ind. Lem. Hal. 1839, p. 19, et Hort. Hal. p. 15, t. 8; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 547. Stevia trachelioides, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3856? : Souta Mexico, near San Angel (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 20. Stevia glandulosa, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 296. SoutH Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 21. Stevia glutinosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 148, t. 353. VENEZUELA; COLOMBIA. . Var. B? Oaxacana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 116. Souta Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieuxr, 385). Hb. Kew. 22. Stevia grandidentata, Schz. Bip. MSS. in hb. Kew. South Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann, 128). Hb. Kew. The specimen in Kew herbarium is insufficient for description. 23. Stevia henkeana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 122. Mexico (Henke). 24. Stevia hirsuta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 121. Sours Mexico, Villapando (Mendez). 25. Stevia hirtiflora, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xxv. p. 274. Soutn Mexico, Regla (Ehrenberg). 26. Stevia hispidula, DC. Prodr. v. p. 122. Mexico (Née 2). 7 27. Stevia iveefolia, Willd. Mag. Ges. Naturfr. Berl. 1807; DO. Prodr. v. p. 118. SoutH Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 823). Hb. Kew. 28. Stevia jorullensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 144. South Mexico, Jorullo, at about 4000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Sanchez (Hartweg), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. COMPOSIT. 87 29. Stevia lanceolata, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 26; DC. Prodr. v. p. 119. NortH Mexico, around Pachuca. 30. Stevia lanceolata, Walp. in Linnea, xiv. p. 319. SoutH Mexico (Karwinski). 31. Stevia latifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 40. South Mexico, Sanchez (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 32. Stevia laxiflora, DC. Prodr. v. p. 122. Stevia purpurea (quinquearistata), Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 26, non Pers. Stevia hyssopifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 140, non Cav. nec Sims. SourH Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner, 210; Bilimek, 498, 531), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 709, 821), Bolatios (Coulter, 282), Orizaba (Botteri, 900), Zimapan (Coulter, 265). Hb. Kew. 33. Stevia leucantha, Schl. Hort. Hal. p. 16; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 547. Mexico. 34. Stevia leuconeura, DC. Prodr. v. p. 121. Soura Mzxico, Leon, west of the town of Guanajuato (Mendez). 35. Stevia linearifolia, Walp. in Linnea, xiv. p. 320. SoutH Mexico (Karwinski). 36. Stevia lucida, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 28; DC. Prodr. v. p. 117. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2028), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 327); Sours Mexico, Ismiquilpan &c. (Née), without locality (Graham, 62); Guaremana, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman); Costa Rica (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 37. Stevia micrantha, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 27; DC. Prodr. v. p. 121; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 548. Stevia macella, A. Gray. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 328); Souru Mexico, Guadalupe (Bilimek, 504), Zacualco (Bourgeau, 1069), Chapultepec (Schaffner, 242). Hb. Kew. 38. Stevia microcephala, DC. Prodr. v. 116. Mexico (Henke). | 39. Stevia microcheta, Schz. Bip. MSS. in Lieb. Coll. n. 120 Sourn Mexico, Cerro Pelado (iebmann, 120). Hb. Kew. 40. Stevia microphylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 140. Sour Mexico, between Tasco and Thuilotepec, 5600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 88 COMPOSIT.A. 41, Stevia monardefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 147. Soura Muxico, between Valladolid and Pazcuaro, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland), Peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 2162; Linden, 1128 ; LTiebmann, 135; Botteri, 824), Sanchez (Hartweg), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, damp places at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2264, 2265), Santa Fé and Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 712, 820, 1072, 1073); Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 42, Stevia nepetefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 146. Stevia tomentosa, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 718, nec H. B. K. SourH Muxico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3332), shore of Lake Tezcuceo, 9000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Montezuma, near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 1068). Hb. Kew. 43. Stevia nervosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 117. Sour Mexico, near Villalpando, east of Guanajuato (Mendez). | 44, Stevia nitida, Walp. in Linnea, xiv. p. 820; Rep. ii. p. 546. Mexico (Karwinskt). 45. Stevia origanifolia, Walp. in Linnea, xix. p. 321; Rep. ii. p. 546. MExIco. 46. Stevia origanoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 147. Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1475); Sourn Mexico, valley of San Jacobus, Michoacan, at 5000 to 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. 47. Stevia ovata, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 27; DC. Prodr. v. p. 120. Sovurn Mexico, Desierto Viejo, San Nicolas and Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 819, 1067, 1071). Hb. Kew. 48. Stevia paniculata, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 27 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 120. — SourH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 270), Pedregal, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 711). Hb. Kew. 49. Stevia pilosa, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 26. Stevia conferta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 116. South Mexico, near Guanajuato (Vée), Real del Monte (Coulter, 280), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 605, 817). Hb. Kew. 50. Stevia podocephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 121. South Mexico, Pedregal (Bourgeau, 391), Real del Monte (Coulter, 266), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 8000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 2079), without localities (Vée, Alaman, Ber- landier, Mendez); Guatumata (Bernoullt) ; Costa Rica (Girsted). Hb. Kew. 51. Stevia polyphylla, DC. Prodr. v. p. 123. Panama? PrErv ? COMPOSITE. 89 52. Stevia pubescens, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 26; DC. Prodr. v. p. 119. SourH Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 135), Real del Monte (Coulter, 279, 280), around Guanajuato and Chalma (ex De Candolle). Hb. Kew. 53. Stevia purpurea, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 402; Jacq. Fragm. t. 127. fig. 2. Stevia eupatoria, Bot. Reg. t. 93. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 323); Sout Mexico, foot of Orizaba (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 54. Stevia pyrolefolia, Schl. in Linnea, xvi. p. 326. SoutH Mexico, in la Encarnacion (Ehrenberg). 55. Stevia ranunculoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 124. Sourn Mexico, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). 56. Stevia reglensis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 40. SoutH Mexico, Regla (Hartweg, 308), Borrego, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3348), Hb. Kew. 57. Stevia rhombifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 143. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2016); Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 601 ; Bourgeau, 2843, 3086), Mirador (Ldebmann, 127, 134; Linden, 1154), San Nicolas and Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 712 bis, 1076), Cordillera of Vera Cruz and Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2215, 1997), Jalapa (Linden, 469), Guadalupe at 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 58. Stevia salicifolia, Cav. Ic. iv. p. 32, t. 8354; DC. Prodr. v. p. 117. Norty Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 321) ; Sout Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 275), near Belen (Schaffner), Real del Monte (Galeotti, 2367), Santa Fé, Cerro de Hidalgo (Bourgeau, 720,171). Hb. Kew. | Var. nana, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 25. NortH Muxico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 326). Hb. Kew. 59. Stevia scabrella, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 19. SoutH Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg, 141). Hb. Kew. 60. Stevia seemannii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 298. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2041). Hb. Kew. 61. Stevia serrata, Cav. Ic. iv. p. 38, t. 355. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 325) ; Soutn Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner, Bourgeau, 368, 144), Zimapan (Coulter, 281), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 567). Hb. Kew. 62. Stevia stenophylla, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 25. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 319). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. 2, April 1881. n 90 COMPOSITAE. 63. Stevia subpubescens, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 28; DC. Prodr. v. p. 116. Sourn Mexico, Guanaxuato (Hartweg, 137), San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 1066), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2186), Anganguio (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 64. Stevia ternifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 146. Sourn Mexico, Michoacan, 5000 to 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 65. Stevia tomentosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 149, t. 352. Sour Mexico, near Valladolid, at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Real del Monte (Coulter, 271), Regla (Hartweg), San Angel (Hahn), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 710). Hb. Kew. 66. Stevia trachelioides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 115. South Mexico, valley of Toluca (Berlandier, 1164). 67. Stevia trichopoda, A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 64. Sours Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 267). Hb. Kew. 68. Stevia trifida, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 27. Stevia multifida, DC. Prodr. v. p. 121. Mexico. 69. Stevia triflora, DC. Prodr. v. p. 115. Souta Mexico, San Felipe, Oaxaca (Karwinskt). 70. Stevia unicristata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 120. Sour Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez), Bolafios (Coulter, 282), without locality (Harris). Hb. Kew. 71. Stevia vigintiseta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 123. Mexico (Karwinski). 72. Stevia viminea, Schrad. Hort. Gott. 1832; DC. Prodr. v. p. 117. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 274). Hb. Kew. 73. Stevia viscida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 140, t. 351. SoutH Mexico, between Lake Yurirapundara and Capula, 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 22. FLEISCHMANNIA. Fleischmannia, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1850, p. 417 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 243. Limited to the following herbaceous species :— 1. Fleischmannia rhodostylis, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1850, p. 417. Eupatorium? quinquesetosum, Benth. in Walp. Ann. v. p. 165. Nicaraeva, Segovia (Grsted, 249). Hb. Kew. COMPOSIT. 91 2. Fleischmannia schaffneri, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. p. 101. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 8. Fleischmannia urenzefolia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 243. Phania ? urenefolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 297. Mexico (Beechey). 23. CARMINATIA. Carminatia, Mos. in DC. Prodr. vii. p. 267; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 243. One herbaceous species :— 1. Carminatia tenuiflora, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 267; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 99. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Thurber, Wright, 1134); Sourts Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 242), Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 24. EUPATORIUM. Eupatorium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 935; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 245. From 400 to 450 shrubby and herbaceous species, by far the greater proportion American, ranging from Canada to Chili, but most numerous in Mexico and Brazil. Temperate and Subtropical Asia comes next in point of numbers, one of the species extending to Western Europe and North Africa, and one species occurs in Eastern Tropical Africa. The genus is not represented either in South Africa or in Australasia. 1. Eupatorium adenochztum, Schz. Bip. MSS. in hb. Liebm. Sours Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann, 89). Hb. Kew. The specimen in Kew herbarium is insufficient for description. 2. Kupatorium adenophorum, Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 420; DC. Prodr. v. p. 164. Eupatorium glandulosum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 122, t. 846; Bot. Reg. t. 1723, non Michx. SoutH Mexico, between Carpio and Gasave, 8200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland) ; Costa Rica, Angostura (Polakowsky). 3. Eupatorium adenospermum, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 299. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2037). Hb. Kew. 4, Hupatorium ageratifolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 173. @. Mexicanum, DC. loc. cit. Norta Mexico, between Victoria and Tula (Berlandier). 5. Eupatorium ageratoides, Lin. fil. Suppl. p. 355; DC. Prodr. v. p. 175. Canapa southward.—Souru Mxxico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 172, 517, 591, 950, 1231), forest of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 818, 1101), Orizaba (Bottert, 1092), Tacubaya (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. n 2 — «92 COMPOSITA. 6. Eupatorium albicaule, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 88. Souta Mexico, Papantla (Ivebmann, 88). Hb. Kew. 7. Eupatorium (Conoclinium) album, Mart. in Linnea, xxiv. p. 194. Mexico (Karwinski). | 8. Eupatorium amplifolium, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 28. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 334). Hb. Kew. 9. Eupatorium angosture, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 579. Costa Rica, Angostura (Polakowsky). 10. Eupatorium aralizfolium, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 403. Sour Mexico, Papantla (Schiede), Mirador (Liebmann, 115), Orizaba (Bilimek, ‘59T) ; Nicaraaua, Chontales (Tate, 3867, 370). Hb. Kew. 11. Eupatorium areolare, DC. Prodr. v. p. 169. South Mexico, mountains of Guachilaca (Berlandier), Chiapas ( Ciesbreght 530). Hb. Kew. 12. Eupatorium argutum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 121. SoutH Mexico, Chapoltepec, at 8200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 13. Eupatorium aschenbornianum, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 720. Sour Mexico, Toluca (Aschenborn, 106). | 14. Kupatorium azureum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 168. Norra Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 341). Hb. Kew. 15. Eupatorium barclayanum, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 112. Nicaracua, between Sapoa and Tortuga (@rsted); Panama, Lamon (Seemann, 431), Isle of Taboga (Barclay).—Southward to Perv. Hb. Kew. 16. Eupatorium bellidifolium, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 380. | NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2042); Sourn Mexico, mountains near Apulco (Hartweg), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2041). Hb. Kew. 17. Kupatorium berlandieri, DC. Prodr. v. p. 167. _ Norra Mexico, Sonora (Wright), between Tula and Tampico (Berlandier). 18. Kupatorium bertholdii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 299. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2011); SourH Mexico, Tepic (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 19. Eupatorium betonicefolium, Mill. ex Steud. Nomen. Bot. ed. 2, i. p. 606. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Houston). COMPOSITA. 93 20. Eupatorium betonicum, Hemsley. Conoclinium betonicum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 135. Nortu Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 316). Hb. Kew. 21. Hupatorium bigelowii, A. Gray in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 75. Norra Mexico, on the Gila, Sonora (Parry). 22, Eupatorium billbergianum, Beurling in Kong. Vet. Handl. 1854, p. 134. Panama (Billberg). 23. Kupatorium blepharilepis, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 300. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2031). Hb. Kew. 24, Eupatorium braunii, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 576. Costa Rica, Angostura (Polakowsky). 25. Kupatorium brevipes, DC. Prodr. v. p. 168. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 342); SourH Mexico, Villalpando (Mendez), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Cuernavaca (Hahn), Santa Izabel (Bilimek), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 1104). Hb. Kew. 26. Kupatorium brevisetum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 169. Mexico (Alaman). 27. Kupatorium bustamanta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 168. Souta Mexico, Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 588), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1217), woods, at 3000 feet, in the Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2189) ; GUATEMALA (Salvin & Godman). Hb. Kew. 28. Eupatorium calaminthefolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv.-p. 129, t. 348. | | Sour Mexico, Real del Monte, Zimapan (Coulter, 256, 257), valley of Mexico (Schaffner ; Bourgeau, 170, 1102, 1103), without localities (Mairet, Gregg, &c). Ub. Kew. 29. Hupatorium ciliatum, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 404. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1927), Mirador (Liebmann, 65), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2331), Orizaba (Botteri, 1091) ; GuatemaLa, Alta Vera Paz, at 4400 feet (Tuirckheim); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1132). Hb. Kew. 30. Hupatorium collinum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 164. Eupatorium nigrescens, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 297. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1076); Sour Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair; Coulter, 249), Consoquitla (Liebmann, 2, 3), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2216); Nicaracua (Zate, 190). Hb. Kew. 94 COMPOSITA. 31. Eupatorium conyzoides, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 96; DC. Prodr. v. p. 148. NortH Mexico, around the town of Matamoras (Berlandier, 2355), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1072, 1073); Sour Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 54), hedges near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2218), Mirador (Linden, 1202; Liebmann, 12), Boca del Rio (Liebmann, 15), San Blas (Sinclair), Mazatlan (Seemann, 1492), Orizaba (Botteri, 1077), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1847); GuatemaLa, Duefias, 5000 feet (Salvin) ; Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 32. Kupatorium critonioides, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 145. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 33. Kupatorium daleoides, Hemsley. Critonia daleoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 141. . North Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier); Sours Mexico, Cordova (Botteri, 1095), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1227; Galeotti, 2334), Mirador (Liebmann, 44), Orizaba (Botteri, 1084); Costa Rica, Cartago, 6000 feet (Girsted). Hb. Kew. 34. Kupatorium deltoideum, Jacq. Hort. Schenb. iii. p. 63, t. 369. | South Mexico, San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 947), Tlalpuxahua (Graham, 33), near Tacubaya (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 35. Kupatorium dissectum, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 113. Phania? dissecta, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 488. Conoclinium dissectum, A. Gray. Texas ; New Mexico.—Nortn Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts); Sourn Mexico, Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 36. Eupatorium divergens, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 138. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). Perhaps the same as E. conyzoides. 87. Eupatorium ehrenbergii, Hemsley. Hebeclinium macrocephalum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 42. Hebeclinium ehrenbergii, Schz. Bip. SoutH Mzxico, Puente de Dios (Hartweg, Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. 38. Eupatorium elatum, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 148. Panama, in forests (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 39. Hupatorium espinosarum, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 28. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 333). Hb. Kew. 40. Eupatorium glaberrimum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 144. Mexico (Henke). 41. Eupatorium glabratum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 127. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 347) ; COMPOSITE. 95 SoutH Mexico, between Omitlan and Real del Monte, 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), around Toluca (Andrieux, 273), Guanajuato (Hartweg, 140), San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 952), without localities (Gregg, Graham). Hb. Kew. 42, Kupatorium glaucum, Schz. Bip., ex A. Gray. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 335). Hb. Kew. 43. Kupatorium gonocladum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 171. Mexico (hb. Lindley). 44, Kupatorium graciliflorum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 145. Soura Mexico, around Acapulco (Karwinski), without locality (Henke). 45, Kupatorium erandidentatum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 167. SoutH Mexico, peak of Orizaba, at 10,000 feet (Liebmann, 24), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1187, 1215). Hb. Kew. 46. Eupatorium guatemalense, Reg. Ind. Sem. Hort. Turic. 1850, p. 4, adnot., ex Walp. Ann. ii. p. 816. GUATEMALA. 47. Eupatorium henkeanum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 158. Mexico (Henke). Var. 6? velutinum, DC. loc. cit. Sours Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). 48. Kupatorium hartwegil, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 19. Sourn Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg, 144). Hb. Kew. 49. Eupatorium hastile, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 719. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1074); Sour Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 244). Hb. Kew. 50. Hupatorium hebebotrya, Hemsley. Critonia hebebotrya, DC. Prodr. v. p. 141. Mexico (Henke) ; Costa Rica, Ujaras, 3500 feet (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 51. Eupatorium hederzfolium, A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 65, adnot. Nort Mexico, Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8006 feet (Parry & Palmer, 341). Ub. Kew. 52. Kupatorium hirsutum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 170. Mexico (Henke). 53. Hupatorium hyssopinum, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 28. NortH Mexico, mountains near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 337). Hb. Kew. 96 COMPOSITZ. 54, Eupatorium ianthinum, Hemsley. Hebeclinium ianthinum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4574. Conoclinium ianthinum, Morren in Ann. Ghent, 1849. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 464), Sierra de San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 305), Jalapa (Linden, 463); Guatemata, Volcan de Agua, 8000 feet (Salvin & Godman, 326). Hb. Kew. 55. Eupatorium incomptum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 173. North Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1479); Soura Mexico, San Nicolas and region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 970, 3330, 3344), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2196), Mirador (Liebmann, 93). Hb. Kew. 56. Eupatorium iresinoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 106, t. 340. Panama, isle of Taboga (Seemann, 1024).—Southward to Perv. Hb. Kew. 57. Kupatorium ivefolium, Linn. Amen. Acad. v. p. 405; DC. Prodr. v. p. 146. Lovisiana.—Mexico, Tehuantepec (Andriewx, 283), Mirador (Liebmann, 18 ; Linden, 1141; Galeotti, 2217), near Tantoyuca (Hrvendberg, 53).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 58. Hupatorium ixiocladon, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 77. Costa Rica, Irazu, at 9000 feet (Hrsted). Hb. Kew. 59. Hupatorium karwinskianum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 163. Mexico (Karwinski). 60. Hupatorium levigatum, Lam. Encl. ii. p. 408. Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 107).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 61. Kupatorium lasioneurum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 297. Souta Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 62. Eupatorium leiophyllum, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 402. SourH Mexico, near Papantla (Schiede). 63. Kupatorium leucocephalum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 86. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 40), Orizaba (Botteri, 1080, 1124; Bilimek, 349; Bourgeau, 2318), pine-forests, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 436); GuaTeMaLa, Acate- nango (Hartweg), Volcan de Santa Maria, 6000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 64. Kupatorium liebmannii, Hemsley. Hebeclinium hebmannit, Schz. Bip. in Coll. Liebm. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 92). Hb. Kew. 65. Eupatorium ligustrinum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 181. Norra Mexico, Tamaulipas (Berlandier), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1080) ; SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Sal/é), San Surtes (Liebmann, 306). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 97 66. Kupatorium longipes, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 26, adnot. Eupatorium pedunculosum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86, nec Hook. et Arn. Bulbostylis pedunculosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 188. Norte Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 360) ; Souta Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg, Coulter, 251). Hb. Kew. 67. Eupatorium lucidum, Ort. Dec. p. 35; DC. Prodr. v. p. 173. Mexico (Wée). 68. Hupatorium macrocephalum, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 136. SourH Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 69. Eupatorium macrophyllum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1175. Hebeclinium macrophyllum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 136. | Soura Mexico, Loban (Léebmann, 150); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 164, 165 ; Seemann, 105); Panama (S. Hayes, Cuming).—VENEZUELA, CoLOMBIA, Pert, BraziL, and West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. 70. Hupatorium mairetianum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 167. Mexico (Mairet). 71. Eupatorium malvefolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 160. Norta Mexico, between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. 72. Eupatorium melanolepis, Schz. Bp. in herb. Liebm. n. 86. Sourn Mexico, Cumbre de Ectapa (Liebmann, 86). Hb. Kew. 73. Eupatorium mendezii, DC. Prodr. v. p. 160. Norts Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 340); Soura Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez), Queretaro (Berlandier, 1268), Regla (Hartweg, 326). Hb. Kew. 74. Eupatorium micranthum, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 138. Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede). 75. Eupatorium monanthum, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 299. Norr Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1990). Hb. Kew. 76. Eupatorium multinerve, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 76. GUATEMALA, Quezaltenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 77. Eupatorium multiserratum, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 301. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1987). Hb. Kew. 73. Bupatorium mygindefolium, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. p. 101. Norru Mexico, mountains near San Miguel (Schaffner, 351). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. 0 98 COMPOSITA. 79. Eupatorium nezanum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 160. SourH Mexico, around Acapulco (Née), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 80. Eupatorium nubigenum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 85. Guatemala, Las Nubes (Hartweg, 587); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1131). Hb. Kew. 81. Eupatorium odoratum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1174; DC. Prodr. v. p. 143. Souta Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 26); Nicaragua, Granada (Grsted). —Northern part of Sourn AmERIcA and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 82. Eupatorium erstedianum, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 75. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted, 57). Hb. Kew. 83. Eupatorium oliganthes, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 187. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). See Brickellia. | 84. Kupatorium (Conoclinium) oligolepis, Kze. in Linnea, xx. p.19. Mexico (Khrenberg). 85. Eupatorium oligocephalum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 166. Mexico (Henke). 86. Kupatorium orizabea, Schz. Bip. in Herb. Liebm. n. 80. Souta Mexico, Orizaba, 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Zéebmann, 80), Real del Monte, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2440; Coulter, 255), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 844). Hb. Kew. 87. Eupatorium ovalifiorum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 297. Mexico, without locality (Beechey). Hb Kew. 88. Hupatorium paniculatum, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1832, p. 2; DC. Prodr. v. p. 167. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2018); Sourn Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 1148) ; Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair) —VENEZUELA, COLOMBIA, PERU, JAMAICA. Hb. Kew. 89. Eupatorium papantlense, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 403 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 169. SoutH Mexico, near Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 90. Kupatorium parryi, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 75. Nortu Mexico, Sierra de Carmel, Chihuahua (Parry). Hb. Kew. 91. Kupatorium pazcuarense, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 123. SourH Mexico, Pazcuaro, at 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 92. Eupatorium petiolare, Mog. in DC. Prodr. v. p. 166. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 343), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 99 93. Eupatorium plectranthifolium, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 76. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Ersted, 63). Hb. Kew. 94, Eupatorium polybotryum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 174. Mexico (Henke). 95. Kupatorium popocatapetlense, Schl. (ubi publ. 2). Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 348) ; Sours Mxxico, Chiapas ((Ghiesbreght, 529). Hb. Kew. . 96. Kupatorium populifolium, H. B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 111. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1075), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson) ; Panama, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 97. Hupatorium porphyranthemum, A. Gr. Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 27. Nort Mexico, between San Luis Potosi and Tampico (Palmer, 1083). Hb. Kew. 98. Eupatorium prunellefolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 123. SoutH Mexico, near Ario, 4000 to 5000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 99. Eupatorium psiadizefolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 144. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 280).—Southward to Perv and Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 100. Eupatorium pulchellum, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 119, t. 345. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 313) ; Soura Mexico, Chapultepec (Bilimek, 531), valley of Mexico, near Lake Tezcuco, at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 948), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 226), without localities (Tate, Parkinson, Bates, Mackenzie, Aschen- born). Hb. Kew. 101. Hupatorium pycnocephalum, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 404. Sout Mexico, Papantla (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 102. Eupatorium quadrangulare, DC. Prodr. v. p. 150. Sourn Mexico, Tantoyuca (Berlandier, 215) ; Nicaragua, Granada (Grsted), without exact locality (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 103. Hupatorium quinquesetum, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 79. GuatemaLa (friedrichsthal) ; Nicaragua, Segovia (rsted). Hb. Kew. 104. Eupatorium rhodochlamydeum, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 26. Nort Mexico, mountains east of San Luis Potosi (Palmer, 1082). Hb. Kew. 105. Eupatorium rhomboideum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 127. SoutH Mexico, between Toluca and Tianguillo, at 9000 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland). 02 100 COMPOSITZ. 106. Eupatorium riparium, Regel, Gartenflora, xv. p. 324, t. 529. Sourn Muzxico, Mirador (Liebmann, 64; Linden, 1203), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 2500 feet (Galeotti, 2322), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1928). Hb. Kew. 107. Eupatorium rubricaule, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 124. Sourn Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra, at 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 108. Eupatorium sagittatum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 88. Catirornia.—NortH Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 252); South Mexico, between Mexico and Mazatlan (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 109. Eupatorium schiedeanum, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1832, p. 3; DC. Prodr. v. p. 159. Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright), Tampico (Berlandier); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sin- clair); Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted); Panama, Chiriqui (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 110. Eupatorium schultzii, Schz. Bip. in Zeitschr. Gartenb. zu Darmstadt, 1857, p. 6. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1113, 1116), Mirador (Liebmann, 41), valley of - Cordova (Bourgeau, 1923), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1206). Hb. Kew. 111. Eupatorium scorodonioides, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 27. Nortu Mexico, rocky hills near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 336). Hb. Kew. 112. Kupatorium schaffneri, Schz. Bip., ex A. Gr. in hb. Kew (ubi publ. 2). Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 345) Hb. Kew. 113. Bupatorium semialatum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 76. South Mexico, woods near Vera Cruz, at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 2209), Mirador (Linden, 1178), valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3205; Botteri, 1141); Guatemaua, Zunil Hartweg) ; Costa Rica, Cartago and Irazu, at 9000 feet (sted, 45, 53). Hb. Kew. 114. Eupatorium sideritis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 77. Costa Rica, Ujaras (Grsted, 255). 115. Eupatorium sinclairii, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 79. GuaTeMALA (friedrichsthal) ; Nicaragua, Realejo (Grsted); Costa Rica, Nicoya (Sinclair), Cartago and San José (Crsted, 49, 50), Angostura (Polakowsky); Panama, Empire railway-station (S. Hayes, 480). Hb. Kew. 116. Kupatorium sonore, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 74. Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1148). Hb. Kew. 117. Eupatorium sordidum, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 403. SoutH Muxico, Cuesta Grande de Chiconquiaco (Schiede & Deppe). COMPOSIT.A. 101 118. Eupatorium spinaciefolium, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86. Bulbostylis spinaciefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 139. Mexico, between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier). 119. Eupatorium spirxefolium, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 73. Sour Mexico, Chapulco (Liebmann, 73), Guadalupe and. Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 1416), Chapultepec (Bilimek, 519). Hb. Kew. 120. Eupatorium splendens, K1., ex Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 575. Costa Rica, Angostura, woods on the Rio Reventazon (Polakowsky). 121. Eupatorium stenolepis, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, p. 148. PanaMA, Santiago, Veraguas (Seemann, 1135). Hb. Kew. 122. Hupatorium sternbergianum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 167. CENTRAL AMERICA, without locality (Barclay).—A very common plant on the western side of Sourn AmERica southward to Cuini. Hb, Kew. 123. Eupatorium stillingiefolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 160. Nortu Mexico, Tamaulipas (Berlandier), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1084). Hb. Kew. 124. Eupatorium subcordatum, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 77. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, at 8000 feet (Grsted, 69).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 125. Eupatorium subobtusum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 161. Costa Rica, Sapoa and Tortuga (Girsted); Panama (Cuming; Halsted, 3).—BRaziu. Hb. Kew. 126. Eupatorium tepicanum, Hemsley. Hebellinium tepicanum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 434. Sours Mexico, Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 127. Eupatorium tetragonum, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1830; DC. Prodr. v. p. 171. Soutn Mexico, Mountains of Guanajuato. 128. Eupatorium thespesizfolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 164. Mexico (Karwinski). 129. Eupatorium thyrsoideum, Mog. in. DC. Prodr. v. p. 159. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). Var. ? 8. puberum, DC. loc. cit. p. 151. Sours Mexico, Chila, Puebla (Andrieux, 282). Hb. Kew. 130. Eupatorium tomentellum, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1833, p. 3, DC. Prodr. v. p. 184. Sours Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 667). Hb. Kew. 102 COMPOSITAE. 131. Hupatorium triangulatum, Alam. in DC. Prodr. v. p. 172. Mexico (Mairet, Tate, Jurgensen). Ub. Kew. 132. Eupatorium trinervium, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 300. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2021). Hb. Kew. 133. Eupatorium tubiflorum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 76. Sourh Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 530), without localities (Tate, Parkinson, Jurgensen, 8438); GuaremaLa, Zunil (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 134. Kupatorium turbinatum, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 26. NortH Mexico, between San Luis Potosi and Tampico (Palmer, 1075). Hb. Kew. 135. Eupatorium vanillosmoides, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 43. SoutH Mextco, Mirador (Liebmann, 43). Hb. Kew. 136. Kupatorium viburnoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 171. Norra Mexico, between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. 137. Eupatorium vitalba, DC. Prodr. v. p. 163. GuaTeMaLa (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 200) ; PANAMA (S. Hayes, 589).—Southward to Peru and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 138. Eupatorium vulcanicum, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 78. Costa Rica, Irazu, at 9000 feet (Grsted, 39). Hb. Kew. 139. Kupatorium xalapense, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 128. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa, 4000 to 5000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 25. BARROETEA. Barroetea, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 29. One herbaceous and one half-shrubby species. 1. Barroetea setosa, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 29. Norra Mexico, mountains south-east of the city of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 353). Hb. Kew. 2. Barroetea subuligera, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 29. Bulbostylis subuligera, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 718. Eupatorium? subuligerum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86. Souta Mexico, Zimapan (Aschenborn). 26. MIKANIA. Mikania, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1742; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 246. About sixty shrubby and herbaceous species, all of them inhabiting the warmer parts of America; and one of them is also widely dispersed in Africa and Asia. COMPOSITZ. 103 1. Mikania angulata, La Llave in El Mosaico Mexicano et in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. v. p. 78. South Mexico, abundant about Cordova (La Liave). 2. Mikania coriacea, La Llave in El Mosaico Mexicano et in Hook. Kew J ourn. Bot. v. p. 77. Soutn Mexico, Rio Blanco, south of Cordova (La Liave). 3. Mikania denticulata, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1744; DEC. Prodr. v. p. 198. Eupatorium denticulatum, Vahl, Symb. ui. p. 98. South Mexico, Jalapa (ex Lessing).—GuUIANA. 4. Mikania eriophora, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 94. Soutu Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 94). Hb. Kew. 5. Mikania gonoclada, DC. Prodr. v. p. 199. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1079); Soura Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Coulter, 259), Orizaba (Botteri, 1117), Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2232 ; Linden, 1212); Guaremata, Alta Vera Paz, at 4300 feet (Tiirckheim, 409); Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 1365); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 151).—Southward to Peru and in Cupa. Hb. Kew. Var. B. ambigua, DC. Prodr. v. p. 199. Nortu Mexico, Tampico de Tamaulipas (Berlandier).—Brazit. 6. Mikania guaco, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 84, t. 105. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 133, 246); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 153), Empire station (S. Hayes, 507), Veraguas (Seemann).—CotomB14 ; Perv. Hb. Kew. ' 7, Mikania hookeriana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 195. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 426); Panama, Frijoli railway-station (S. Hayes, 490). Hb. Kew. 8. Mikania houstonis, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1742; DC. Prodr. v. p. 190. Eupatorium houstonis, Linn. Sp. PL. p. 1172. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1169), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 25); GuatemaLa, Las Escamillas (Hartweg, 535), Chojoja near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 100); Panama, Barbacoas (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. 9. Mikania leiostachya, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 201. Panama (Seemann, 446).—Cotompia, Perv. Hb. Kew. 10. Mikania pterocaula, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 101. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 101). Hb. Kew. 11. Mikania repanda, La Llave in El Mosaico Mexicano et in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. v. p. 78. Sourw Mexico, abundant about Cordova (La Llave). 104 COMPOSITA. 12. Mikania scandens, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1743; DC. Prodr. v. p. 199. Eupatorium scandens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1171; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 169. CaroLina southward.—Mexico, Tamaulipas (Berlandier, 2272), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1632), Orizaba (Botteri, 603, 1140), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1179); Nicaraava, Chontales (Seemann); Costa Rica (Endres); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 159), Empire railway-station (8. Hayes, 448).—CoLomB1a, Peru, and the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 13. Mikania suaveolens, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 185. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1115); Soura Mexico, Santa Barbara (Liebmann, 95), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1812).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 14. Mikania tlalixcoyan, La Llave in El Mosaico Mexicano et in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. v. p. 79. South Mexico, Tlalixcoyan, Vera Cruz (La Llave). 27. BRICKELLIA. Brickellia, Ell., ex Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, vii. p. 287; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 247. Herbs and undershrubs. About forty-five species, restricted to America, and having their greatest centre of concentration in Mexico. A few species occur in the southern, chiefly south-western, States of North America, and two in South America, one of the two being very common in Brazil. 1. Brickellia cylindracea, A. Gr. Pl. Lindh. ii. p. 218. Texas.—Mexico, Montezuma (Bourgeau, 1091). Hb. Kew. 2. Brickellia betonicefolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 72. NEw MExico. Var. humilis, A. Gr. loc. cit. Nort Mexico, between Babocomori and Santa Cruz, Sonora (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 3. Brickellia cavanillesii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Bulbostylis cavanillesti, DC. Prodr. v. p. 138. Bulbostylis nepetefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 112. Eupatorium squarrosum, Cav. Ic. i. p. 66, t. 98. Coleosanthus cavanillesii, Cass. Dict. x. p. 37. Norti Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1087); Sourn Mexico, Quere- taro (Berlandier), Tlalpuxahua (Graham, 35), Zimapan (Coulter, 241), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 1990). Hb. Kew. 4, Brickellia corymbosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Clavigera scabra, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 19. Clavigera corymbosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 128. NortH Mexico, Cerro de Pinal and Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1466, 2017), San Luis COMPOSIT&. . 105 Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1077); Sour Muxico, Bolafios (Hartweg), valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3345 ; Botteri, 1134); Guaremaa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 5. Brickellia coulteri, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86. Ca.irornia, Artzona.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi to San Antonio (Parry, 358). Hb. Kew. 6. Brickellia cylindracea, A. Gr. Pl. Lindh. ii. p. 218. Texas.—Mexico, Montezuma (Bourgeau, 1091). Hb. Kew. 7. Brickellia dentata, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 301. Clavigera dentata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 128. Brickellia laciniata, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. P. 87. Brickellia riddellit, id. ib. p. 83. Trexas.—Norta Mexico, Saltillo (Berlandier, Gregg), Santa Catarina, near Monterey (Berlandier, 1365), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2035), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1078). Hb. Kew. 8. Brickellia diffusa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86. Eupatorium diffusum, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 94. Eupatorium capillare, Desv. in Ham. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1801. Eupatorium leptopodum, Gard. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. p. 478. Bulbostylis diffusa, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 268. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1086); SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2033); Guatemata (Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 1584).—Common southward to Perv and Braziu and in the West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. 9. Brickellia floribunda, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 72. Norra Mexico, Sonora (Wright). 10. Brickellia galeottii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Galeotti, 2104; Botteri, 1115), Huatusco (Liebmann, 336). Hb. Kew. 11. Brickellia hartwegi, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Eupatorium rigidum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 88. . GUATEMALA, without localities (Hartweg, Skinner, Friedrichsthal), Volcan de Fuego, at 5300 feet (Salvin); Nicaragua, between Granada and Masaya (Grsted); Costa Rica, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 12. Brickellia hebecarpa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Bulbostylis hebecarpa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 188. Sour Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey), without locality (Née). Hb. Kew. 13. Brickellia hymenochlena, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 29. Norra Mexico, near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 349; Schaffner, 256); Sours Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 239). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. p 106 COMPOSIT2. 14. Brickellia lanata, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Bulbostylis lanata, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 268. Bulbostylis rigida, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 297. Sour Mexico, west of Guanajuato (Mendez), Bolafios (Coulter, 237), without locality (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 15. Brickellia oliganthes, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Eupatorium oliganthes, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 187, t. 2. fig. 13. Bulbostylis oliganthes, DC. Prodr. v. p. 189. NortH Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2025), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 351); Soura Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador (Liebmann, 349, 850; Linden, 1152), Ori- zaba (Botteri, 1101). Hb. Kew. 16. Brickellia palmeri, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 30. Nort Mexico, near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 354). Hb. Kew. 17. Brickellia parryi, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 31. NortH Mexico, high mountains south-east of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 363). Hb. Kew. 18. Brickellia pendula, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Bulbostylis pendula, DC. Prodr. v. p. 138. Eupatorium pendulum, Schrad. Cat. Sem. Hort. Gott. 1830. SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 225), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew: 19. Brickellia reticulata, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Bulbostylis reticulata, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 268. Mexico (Henke). 20. Brickellia rosalesia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 247. Rosalesia glandulosa, La Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. i. p. 9. Eupatorium rosalesia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 183. SoutH Mexico, San José del Corral (La Lilave) 21. Brickellia scoparia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Clavigera scoparia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 128; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 12. Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2008); Sours Mexico, San Andres (Liebmann, 236), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 553); GuatEMaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 22. Brickellia secundiflora, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85.. Bulbostylis secundiflora, DC. Prodr. v. p. 188. Eupatorium secundifiorum, Lag. Nov. Gen. p. 25. Eupatorium nutans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 105? Mexico, between Tula and Tampico (Berlandier), between Toluca and Tianguillo, at about 9000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). COMPOSITA. 107 23. Brickellia seemanni, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 30, adnot. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 24, Brickellia simplex, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 73. Nort Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright, 1144). Hb. Kew. 25. Brickellia spinulosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 84. Clavigera spinulosa, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 63, adnot. Norra Mexico, near Chihuahua (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 857). Hb. Kew. 26. Brickellia squamulosa, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 30. Norra Mexico, near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 356). Hb. Kew, 27. Brickellia tenera, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 72. NortH Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright). 28. Brickellia thyrsiflora, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 30. Norra Mexico, mountains south-east of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 362). Hb. Kew. 29. Brickellia tomentella, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Souta Mzxtco, Chapultepec (Schaffner), without localities (Tate, Matret). Hb. Kew. 30. Brickellia veronicefolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 85. Eupatorium veronicefolium, H. B. K. iv. p. 112, t. 341. Bulbostylis veronicefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 139. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Saltillo (Berlandier), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 351); Sour Mexico, Zacoalco and Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1095, 1088), Tehuacan (Liebmann, 343), Acalcingo (Schaffner), Guanajuato (Berlandier), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 243), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5000 to 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2104, 2105). Hb. Kew. | 31. Brickellia wislizeni, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 64. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, without locality (Wislizenus), Cerro de Pinal (See- mann, 1465). Hb. Kew. : 32. Brickellia wrightii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 72. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Thurber). | 33. Brickellia, sp. Souta Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1216; Bilimek, 219). Hb. Kew. 34. Brickellia, sp. . Soutu Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1227). Hb. Kew. 35. Brickellia, sp. . GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 108 COMPOSITA. 28. CARPOCH ATE. Carpochete, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 65, et Pl. Wright. i. p. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 247. Three herbaceous or half-shrubby species are known. 1. Carpocheete bigelovii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 89, adnot. NortH Mexico, on the boundary of New Mexico (Bigelow). 2. Carpochete grahami, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 89, adnot. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2039), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 329), without locality (Graham, 81). Hb. Kew. 3. Carpochete wislizeni, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 65. Nort Mexico, mountains near Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus). 29. KUHNIA. Kuhnia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 237; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 248. One variable species, a herb. 1. Kuhnia eupatorioides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1662; Linn. fil. Dec. ii. p. 21, t. 11; DC. Prod. v. p. 126. Kuhnia rosmarinifolia, Vent. Hort. Cels. t. 91. . Eastern States of North America, from New Jersey southward to Texas; NEw Mexico.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 364), Chiricahui mountains to Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright); without locality, but probably from Souta Mexico (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. : 30. LIATRIS. Jiatris, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 542; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 248. An exclusively North-American genus, comprising about sixteen species, chiefly herbaceous. 1. Liatris punctata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 306, t. 55. OREGON southward.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Falmer, 1085). Hb. Kew. 31. CARPHEPHORUS. Carphephorus, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1816; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 249. About six perennial species, restricted to North America. The Mexican species are doubtful. 1, Carphephorus revolutifolius, DC. Prodr. v. p. 133. Mexico (Henke). COMPOSITA, | 109 2. Carphephorus? triangularis, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 86. Bulbostylis triangularis, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 268. Mexico (Henke). Tribe III. ASTEROIDE. Asteroidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 165, 174. Ninety-one genera are referred to this tribe, which has the range of the whole order. Many of the genera are very numerous in species, some of which are arboreous. 32. GYMNOSPERMA. Gymnosperma, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 194; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 249. Selloa, Spreng., non H. B. K., ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 311. An exclusively Mexican and Texan genus of undershrubs. 1. Gymnosperma corymbosum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 312. Trxas.—NortH Mexico, Santa Catarina, near Monterey (Berlandier, 1385), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 365), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1088) ; Soura Mexico, Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 388), Chapulco (Liebmann, 268). Hb. Kew. 2. Gymnosperma eriocarpum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 94. Texas.—Norta Mexico, along the Rio Grande (Berlandier). Ub. Kew. 3. Gymnosperma multiflorum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 312. SovtH Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 50), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2145), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1633), without localities (Jurgensen, 286, and several other collectors). Hb. Kew. 4, Gymnosperma scoparium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 312. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier, 1338). 33. XANTHOCEPHALUM. Xanthocephalum, Willd. in Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1807, P- 140; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 249. Xanthocoma, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 310, t. 412. Herbs and undershrubs. Besides the following there is one species in Ecuador. 1. Xanthocephalum alamani, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 249. Gutierrezia alamani, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 91, adnot. Keerlia linearifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 310. Mexico (Alaman, Ghiesbreght, Mackenzie). Hb. Kew. Mackenzie’s specimen in Kew Herbarium is probably an entire-leaved state of X. cen- _tauroides, Willd. 110 COMPOSITA. 2. Xanthocephalum benthamianum, Hemsley, n. sp. Erectum, puberulum, foliis angustis pinnatifidis vel dentatis, capitulis multifloris corymbosis, invo- lucri bracteis subzequalibus herbaceis numerosis 2—3-seriatis glanduloso-puberulis, receptaculo convexo alveolato fimbrillifero, corollis parcissime puberulis, acheniis ecostatis glabris, pappo brevissimo annuliformi. Herba facie Senecionis eruceformis, sed minus robusta, plus minusve glanduloso-puberula, caulibus in exemplariis imperfectis nostris subsimplicibus, fere sesquipedalibus, totis foliosis. Folia (cau- lina tantum visa) alterna, sessilia, hispidula, adscendentia, lanceolata, pinnatifida vel remote dentata, 1-3-pollicaria. Capitula multiflora, 1-14 poll. diametro, corymbosa; involucri bracteze numerosx, 2—3-seriate, herbacee, margine membranaceze, subzequales, lanceolate, acutz, glanduloso-puberule ; receptaculum convexum, alveolatum, fimbrilliferum ; flores radii* 30 et ultra, disci numerosissimi, omnes parcissime puberuli; corolle ligulate, gracilitér tubu- lose, obtusz vel: dentatz ; corolle tubulose graciles. -Achenia levia, glabra, nitida, oblique ovata, a latere compressa; .pappus subnullus, brevissimus, annuliformis.—X. bonplandianum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 16, non DC. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 526) ; Souta Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. This differs from X. centauroides in its more robust habit, corymbose flower-heads, involucre, pappus, &c. 3. Xanthocephalum centauroides, Willd. in Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1807, p. 140. Xanthocephalum bonplandianum, DC. Prody. vi. p. 44. Pyrethrum bonplandianum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 300. Grindelia? coronopifolia, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1828, p. 16, et in Linnea, v. p.376; DC. Prodr. v. p. 316. South Mexico, near Valladolid (Humboldt & Bonpland), wet meadows near Mexico (Bourgeau, 369), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 207, 278), without locality (Aschendorn). Hb. Kew. 4, Xanthocephalum conoideum, Hemsley, n. sp. Glabrum vel cito glabrescens, ramulis ultimis floriferis gracilibus, foliis linearibus, capitulis multi- floris subcorymbosis, involucri bracteis ineequalibus albo-coriaceis apice incrassatis numerosis 2-3-seriatis, receptaculo conoideo vel elongato, acheniis costatis tomentosis, pappo brevi annu- lato subcarnoso. . Herba (?) glabra vel cito glabrescens, ramulis ultimis floriferis gracilibus, angulatis. Folia ramu- lorum floriferorum alterna, sessilia, incrassata, enervia, linearia, usque pollicaria, integerrima, obtusa. Capitula multiflora, 6-9 lineas diametro, subcorymbosa; involucri bractez numerose, 2-3-seriate, inzequales, exteriores minores, albo-coriacez, apice incrassate, glabra; recepta- culum longe conoideum vel elongatum, alveolatum, fimbrilliferum ; flores radii 15-20, disci numerosissimi, omnes glabri; corolle ligulate breviter tubulosz, apice obtuse (an semper ?) ; corollz tubulosz breves. Achenia 7-costata, tomentosa, oblonga; pappus brevis, annulatus, subcarnosus. _ Sour Mexico, Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 299). Hb. Kew. The stature and habit of this species we are unable to describe ; but it is very different COMPOSITA. lil from the other species, especially in its conoid or elongated receptacle. It is very near X. sericocarpum, A. Gr. 5. Xanthocephalum dentatum, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 723. Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn). | 6. Xanthocephalum gymnospermoides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 249. Gutierrezia? gymnospermoides, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. 11. p. 79; Bot. Mag. t. 5155. Grindeliopsis gymnospermoides, Schz. Bip. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 356, nomen tantum. Giinthera viscosa, Regel, Gartenflora, 1858, p. 44. Arimzona.—Norta Mexico, San Pedro, Sonora (Wright), Camp Crittenden (Roth- rock). . Hb. Kew. 7. Xanthocephalum humile, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. Xanthocoma humilis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen, et Sp. iv. p. 310, t. 412. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 525) ; Sours Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 163 ; Schaffner), without localities (Graham, Aschenborn). Tb. Kew. 8. Xanthocephalum sericocarpum, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 31. Nort Mexico, near San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 9. Xanthocephalum suffruticosum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 44. Sourn Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier). Dr. A. Gray thinks this may be'the same as X. centauroides. 34, GUTIERREZIA. | Gutierrezia, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 30; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p- 250. | Brachyris, Nutt. Gen. Pl. N. Am. 11. p. 168. Brachyachyris, Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 574. A genus of about twenty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, inhabiting North America, including Mexico, and Extratropical South America. 1. Gutierrezia berlandieri, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 31. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Berlandier, 1298; Parry & Palmer, 367, 370), Tamaulipas (Berlandier, 926, 2316), near Saltillo (Gregg, 538). Hb. Kew. 9. Gutierrezia coulteri, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 33. Herba annua (?), erecta, stricta, ultrapedalis, glabra, caule ramisque graculimis, suleatis. Folia pauca, sparsa, coriacea, linearia, 2-6 lin. longa, obtusa, margine involuta. Capitula solitaria, terminalia, pedunculata, circiter 6-8 lin. diametro ; involucri bractew ovato-oblonge, scariose ; receptaculum conicum, foveolatum. Flores radii circiter 12 (achenio incluso), circiter 3 lin. longi, disci 14 lin. longi; pappi pale breviuscule, fisse. Achenia pubescentia. SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 264). Hb. Kew. 112 COMPOSIT. 3. Gutierrezia euthamiz, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 123. Rocky Mountains southward to Trexas.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber). Hb. Kew, . 4, Gutierrezia glutinosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 250. Hemiachyris glutinosa, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 724. Mexico, without localities (Aschenborn; Gregg; Coulter, 315). Hb. Kew. 5. Gutierrezia microcephala, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 74, adnot. Brachyris microcephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 313, non Hook. Texas; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Santa Maria de Charcas, near Saltillo (Ber- landier, 1378). Hb. Kew. 6. Gutierrezia spherocephala, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 73. Texas ; New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, El Paso to Chihuahua (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 7. Gutierrezia texana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 194. Brachyris microcephala, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 147, non DC. Arkansas; Texas.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi to San Antonio (Parry, 366). Hb. Kew. 8. Gutierrezia wrightii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 78. Norte Mexico, Santa Cruz &c., Sonora ( Wright). 30. GRINDELIA. Grindelia, Willd. in Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1807, p. 259; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 250. About twenty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, inhabiting North America, including Mexico, and Extratropical South America. 1. Grindelia angustifolia, DC. ex Dunal, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. v. p. 48; Prodr. v. p. 315, non H. B. K. Grindelia dunalii, (duvalii) Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 575. MEXICco. 2. Grindelia arguta, Schrad., ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 315. Grindelia angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 8309; Bot. Reg. t. 781, non Dunal. Sour Mexico, around Valladolid, Michoacan, and Pazcuaro, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Var. t, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 81. NortH Mexico, Sonora (Wright). [Grindelia glutinosa, Dunal, est species Peruviana nec Mexicana, ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 250.] 8. Grindelia inuloides, Willd. in Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1807, p. 261; DC. Prodr. v. p. 315. | Demetria spathulata, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. 1814, p. 80. COMPOSIT 2, 113 Trexas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 371), between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier, 2186); Sourm Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 271), near Morelia, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2416), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 515). Hb. Kew. 4. Grindelia lamberti, G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 350; DC. Prodr. v. p- 316. Mexico. 5. Grindelia subdecurrens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 315. South Mexico, around Villalpando (Mendez). 36. PENTACH ETA. Pentacheta, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. p. 386; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 251. Two small herbaceous species, one Californian and one Mexican. 1. Pentacheta gracilis, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1101. South Mexico, near Juquila, Zacatepec, 4000 to 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2057). 37. HETEROTHECA. Heterotheca, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1817; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 251. About six herbaceous species, confined to North America, including Mexico. 1. Heterotheca chrysopsidis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 317. Nort Mexico, around Saltillo (Berlandier, 1368), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 373). Hb. Kew. 2. Heterotheca inuloides, Cass. Dict. li. p. 460, ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 317. Diplocoma villosa, Don in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. i. t. 246. Doronicum mexicanum, Cerv. in Link et Otto, Abbild. t. 22. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 372); -SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 138; Schaffner, 249), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 109), Chinantla (Liebmann), Orizaba (Sallé). Hb. Kew. 3. Heterotheca leptoglossa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 317. South Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). This is probably the same as H. chrysopsidis, as the ray-achenes of the latter are some- times bald and sometimes pappose. . CHRYSOPSIS. Chrysopsis, Nutt. Gen. Plant. N. Am. ii. P. 150; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 252, Hectorea, DC. Prodr. v. p. 95. Heyfeldera, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1853, p. 35. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. q 114 COMPOSIT &. About twenty species of herbs and undershrubs, restricted to North America, including Mexico. 1. Chrysopsis foliosa, Nutt., var., A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 81. Nortu Mexico, valley between the San Pedro and the Sonoita, Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. The typical plant is found in the South-eastern States, westward to Texas and New Mexico. 2. Chrysopsis graminifolia, Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 252. Diplopappus graminifolius, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 310. Aplopappus gramineus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 65. Heyfeldera sericea, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1853, p. 36. Carolina, southward to Texas.—MeExico, Mirador (Liebmann, 525; Linden, 1144, 1247), San Juan Reagi (Hartweg, 476), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2282); GuaTEMALA, Barranca del Sapote (Bernoulli, 280). Hb. Kew. 3. Chrysopsis oliganthes, Chapm. Fl. S. U.S. p. 216; 6. shaffneri, Schz. Bip. MSS. South Mzxico, savannas near Cordova (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1792). Hb. Kew. The typical plant inhabits Florida. 4, Chrysopsis, sp. (“C. villose, Nutt. valde affinis,’ Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 252.) Hectorea viscosissima, DC. Prodr. v. p. 95. Soutn Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke). 39. HAPLOPAPPUS. Haplopappus, Cass. Dict. lvi. p. 168 (Aplopappus) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 253. An exclusively American genus, comprising about sixty species of herbs and under- shrubs, inhabiting North America to Guatemala, and Chili and Patagonia. 1. Haplopappus gracilis, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 76; Pl. Wright. ii. p. 81. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, near the San Pedro, Sonora, and valley of the Rio Grande (Wright). Hb. Kew. 2. Haplopappus phyllocephalus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 347. Nort Mexico, between San Fernando and Matamoras (Berlandier, 2278). Hb. Kew. 8. Haplopappus ramulosus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 350. Souta Mexico, Tlalpuxahua (Keer). 4, Haplopappus spinulosus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 347. Rocky Mountains to Catirornia and Trexas.—NortH Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains COMPOSITZ. 115 (Wright), Saltillo (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 374), Zacatecas (Coulter, 297), Hb. Kew. 5. Haplopappus stoloniferus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 349. Soura Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, at 8000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 2168 ; Linden, 493 ; Liebmann, 493), summit of San Felipe (Andrieua, 322), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 832) ; Guarema.a, crater of the Volcan de Agua, 12,300 feet (Hartweg), summit of Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman), Volcan de Fuego, at 13,000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 40. BIGELOVIA. Bigelovia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 329; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. il. pp. 255, 536. Chrysothamnus, Natt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soe. ser. 2, vil. p. 323. A wholly American genus, consisting of about twenty herbaceous and shrubby species, inhabiting the southern part of North America and the Andes of South America. Dr. Asa Gray has remodelled this genus. See Proc. Amer. Acad. vill. pp. 638-646, where he enumerates twenty-four species. 1. Bigelovia coronopifolia, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 639. Trxas.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Palmer). 2. Bigelovia hartwegi, A. Gr. in litt. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 376); Sourn Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg, 114), without locality (Gregg, 580). Hb. Kew. 3. Bigelovia oppositifolia, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 32. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 359). Hb. Kew. 4, Bigelovia pulchella, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 643. Linosyris pulchella, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 96. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber). 5. Bigelovia veneta, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 638. Linosyris mexicana, Schl. Hort. Hal. t. 4. Aplopappus discoideus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 350. . Baccharis veneta, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 68. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 375) ; Sourn Mexico, Guadalupe (Bilimek, 585), valley of Mexico (Schagfner), Tehuacan (Liebmann, 526), without localities (Bates, Shepherd, Mackenzie), Cuernavaca (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 6. Bigelovia wrightii, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 639. Linosyris wrightii, hirtella et heterophylla, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. 1. p. 95. Trxas.—Norvta Mexico, Sonora and valley of the Rio Grande (Wright). gq 2 116 COMPOSIT.2. 41. SOLIDAGO. | Solidago, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 995; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 256. A genus of about eighty species, herbaceous or, in a few instances, woody at the base. They are nearly all North-American, one of them being also widely dispersed in temperate Europe and Asia. Two or three are common in Extratropical South America ; and one (S. mexicana, Linn, ?) is naturalized (?) and very abundant in the Azores. 1. Solidago californica, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. s. vii. p. 238. CatirorniA.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber). 2. Solidago marshalli, Rothr. in Bot. Wheeler’s Surv. 1878, p. 146. Norts Mexico, Chiricahua (Rothrock). 3. Solidago mexicana, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 879; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 104; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 211. Solidago limonifolia, Pers. Syn. ii. p. 449. South Mexico, between Chalco and Chapultepec, at about 7000 feet (Humboldé & Bonpland). There is some uncertainty regarding the native country of the plant described by Linneus under this name; and there are only cultivated specimens of it in the Kew herbarium. 4, Solidago odora, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, iii. p. 214; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. li. p. 219. | Solidago puncticulata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 332. Solidago gonoclada, DC. Prody. v. p. 334 ? CanabDa southward.—Mexico, Zacuapan (Linden, 478), Jalapa, at 3000 feet ( Galeotti, 2281), around the city of Mexico (Berlandier).—Also in Extratropical Sourn AmErica, on the west side. Hb. Kew. : 5. Solidago paniculata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 340. Solidago mexicana, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 104? Mexico (Alaman). : 6. Solidago scabrida, DC. Prodr. v. p. 331. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1098), valley of Mexico and Orizaba (Bourgeau, 376). Hb. Kew. | 7. Solidago simplex, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 103. SoutH Mexico, near Santa Rosa, at 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 8. Solidago spathulata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 839. Mexico (Henke). f COMPOSITAE. 117 9. Solidago velutina, DC. Prodr. v. p. 332. Sour Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Alaman, Berlandier), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 252), Real del Monte (Henke); San Luis Potosi (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 42, LESSINGIA. Lessingia, Cham. in Linnea, iv. p. 203, t. 2. fig.2; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. il. p. 257. Five species of slender herbs inhabiting California, and gne of them extending into North-western Mexico. 1. Lessingia ramulosa, A. Gr. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 314. Catrrornta.—Norra Mexico, near Sonora (Hartweg), San Rafael (American Expedi- tion). Hb. Kew. | 43. EGLETES. Egletes, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1817; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 261. About six herbaceous species, restricted to Tropical and Subtropical America. 1. Egletes liebmanni, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 277. | Soutn Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann, 277), hills of the Antigua, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2263). Hb. Kew. 2. Eigletes obovata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 103. Nicaragua, Granada (Grsted, 83). Hb. Kew. | 3. Egletes viscosa, Less. Syn. p. 252; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 42. Sour Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 23); Nicaragua, Granada (Mrsted, 72, 73).—Southward to Brazil and in the West Inpiss. Hb. Kew. 4, Egletes, sp. British Honpuras (Temple). Hb. Kew. 5. Egletes, sp. Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2117). Hb. Kew. This and the last may be L. viscosa. 44; APHANOSTEPHUS. Aphanostephus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 310; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 262. Four or five herbaceous species, inhabiting Mexico and the country immediately to the north. 1. Aphanostephus humilis, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 98. Aphanostephus arizonicus, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. p. 81. Egletes humilis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p, 411. Leucopsidium humile, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 18. Trxas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & 118 COMPOSITZ. Palmer, 378), without locality (Gregg); Sourn Mexico, Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 586), Leon (Hartweg), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 301). Hb. Kew. 2. Aphanostephus ramosissimus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 310. Egletes ramosissima, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 71. Aphanostephus riddellii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 189. Trexas.—Nortu Mexico, Monterey and Buena Vista (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 3. Aphanostephus ramosus, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. p. 81. Keerlia ramosa, DC. Prod. v. p. 310. - Soutn Mexico, Tlalpujahua (eer!). 45. BELLIS. Bellis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 962; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 265. About eight herbaceous species, widely dispersed in the northern hemisphere. 1. Bellis xanthocomoides, A. Gr. in litt. Brachycome xanthocomoides, Less. in Linnea, ix. p. 265. Sourn Mexico, near La Joya (Schiede & Deppe), Cerro Leon (Liebmann, 497). Hb. Kew. 9. Bellis mexicana, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 93. South Mexico, between Mazatlan and Mexico (Gregg), Desierto Viejo, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 840). Hb. Kew. 46. TOWNSENDIA. Townsendia, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 16, t. 119; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 268. About eight species of herbs, inhabiting North America. 1. Townsendia mexicana, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 70. Norta Mexico, Saltillo and near Buena Vista (Gregg), plain of San Luis Potosi (Galeotti, 2430). Hb. Kew. 2. Townsendia strigosa, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n.s. vii. p. 305, et Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 186. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua. 47. DISTASIS. Distasis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 279; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i1. p. 268. Diplostelma, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 72. Limited to the following herbaceous species :— 1. Distasis modesta, DC. Prodr. v. p. 279. Diplostelma bellioides, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 73. Texas.—Norta Mexico, Monterey and Buena Vista (Gregg). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITZA. 119 2. Distasis ? heterophylla, Hemsley, n. sp. Perennis, nana, multicaulis, foliis sessilibus angustis integris trifidis vel pinnatifidis, capitulis sub- globosis terminalibus multifloris, involucri bracteis fere equalibus, ligulis minimis angustissimis, acheniis immaturis pilosulis, pappi paleis 4-5 laceratis, seta O vel 1 (1-3 ex Benth. et Hook.). Herba perennis, basi suffruticosa, multicaulis, caulibus in exemplari Coulteriano unico 23-34- pollicaribus, 1-capitatis. Folia sessilia, infra pollicaria, linearia, integra, trifida vel pinnatifida, pilosa. Capitula terminalia, subglobosa, 4-5 lineas diametro, multiflora; involucri bractez numerose, subszequales, 2-3-seriate, lineares, acute, pilose; receptaculum nudum, conicum ; corolle ligulatz 2-3-seriate, minime, angustissime, stylum non superantes ; corolle tubulose, 4-5-mere. Achenia immatura pilosula, marginata; pappi palez 4-5-lacere, seta 0 vel interdum 1 (1-3 ex Benth. et Hook. loc. cit.), caducissima. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 406). Hb. Kew. 48. PSILACTIS. Psilactis, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 71; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 269. Three slender herbaceous species. 1. Psilactis asteroides, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 72. Texas, New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, llanos in the Sierra Madre, west of Chihuahua (Wislizenus). Hb. Kew. 2. Psilactis brevilingulata, Schz. Bip. ; Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 24. Herba annua, erecta, circiter sesquipedalis, puberula, superne parce ramosa, caule ramisque teretibus, striatis. Folia rigida, scabra, linearia, circiter pollicaria, sursum gradatim breviora, obtusa, interdum paucidentata. Capitula parva, solitaria, pedunculata ; involucri bractee anguste, 3-seriate, extus glanduloso-puberule ; receptaculum planum, foveolatum. Flores radii brevis- simi, pappo ad annulum reducto ; disci tubulosi, pappo e setis circa 20 zqualibus. Achenia pubescentia. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 390) ; SoutH Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 8. Psilactis coulteri, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 72. Nortu Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 295). Hb. Kew. 49. ACHAITOGERON. Achetogeron, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 72 et in Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 651; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1282. ‘‘ Pappus simplex, coroniformis, e squamellis 4-6 basi plus minus coalitis, cat. Erigerontis. "—A. Gr. 1. Achztogeron galeottii, Gray, MSS. Ultrapedalis e radice perenni, hirsutulus vel pubescens; foliis caulinis lanceolatis seu linearibus plerumque dentibus paucis angustissimis patentibus instructis ; involucri bracteis sublanceolatis _ fere tomentosis ; ligulis parum 100 linearibus (albis) ; “acheniis glabris, 2-4-nerviis, pappo bre- vissimo, 8—4-dentato (denticulis subulatis basi parum coalitis) instructis. Sour Mexico, in woods on the peak of Orizaba (Galeotti, 2166), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 227). Hb. Kew. 120 COMPOSITZA. A slender and weak form, with smaller heads, fewer rays, and nearly entire cauline leaves (radical ones spatulate and serrate), is from Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 840). 2. Achzetogeron seemannii, A. Gr. in litt. Polyactidium seemannii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 301. Boltonia seemannii, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 269. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2026). Hb. Kew. 3. Achztogeron wislizeni, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 72. Facie Erigerontis pumili, subpedalis, hirsutus ; foliis omnibus linearibus trinerviis, imis inciso- dentatis, ceteris integerrimis ; involucri bracteis linearibus dorso villosis ; ligulis (albis) numero- sissimis (circa 400) angustissimis ; acheniis parce hirtellis, 4-nerviis; pappo conspicuo, e paleis 5-6 laciniato-denticulatis, basi concretis. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre, west of Chihuahua ( Wislizenus). . 50. BOLTONIA. Boltonia, Lhér. Sert. Angl. p. 27; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 269. About a dozen herbaceous species, inhabiting North America and Northern and Sub- tropical Asia. 1. Boltonia campestris, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 269. Dichetophora campestris, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 73. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Monterey and Chihuahua (Gregg, 49). Hb. Kew. 51. ASTER. Aster, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 954; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 271. Herbaceous plants. About 350 species have been founded ; but Bentham and Hooker think there are not many over 200. They are mostly natives of the temperate and cold regions of the northern hemisphere, and have by far their greatest concentration in North America. A few species occur in the Andes of South America and in South Africa. The Mexican species greatly need revision. 1. Aster asperrimus, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 142. Sout Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Aster canescens, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii. p. 547. Macheranthera canescens, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 89. Western Nort America, from British TerRirory southwards.—Norta Muxico, Ojo de Vaca (Torrey). 3. Aster carnosus, A. Gr. Synop. Fl. N. Am. ined. Linosyris ? carnosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 80. Bigelovia carnosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. pp. 255, 536. Norra Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains, 8. Arizona (Wright). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 121 4, Aster divaricatus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 163. SoutH Caroiina and Fioripa to Texas.—Nortu Mexico, along the Rio Grande and in Sonora (Wright), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 380, 382); SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 294), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 915); GuaTEMALA, Volcan de-Fuego, at 5500 feet (Salvin)—Southward to Perv, SoutH BraziL, and Urvuauay, and in the West Inpiges. Hb. Kew. 5. Aster ehrenbergii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 302. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2003), without locality (Ehrenberg, 791, 947). Hb. Kew. 6. Aster ericefolius, Rothr. in Coulter's Bot. Gaz. 1877, p. 70, et in Bot. Wheeler’s Exped. p. 152. . | Diplopappus ericoides, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 182. © Texas, New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua and Buena Vista (Gregq), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 387). Hb. Kew. 7. Aster gymnocephalus, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 97, adnot., et in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 32. Aplopappus gymnocephalus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 346. Macheranthera setigera, Less. in Linnea, xix. p. 792? NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 379), Zacatecas to Real del Monte (Coulter, 303); Sour Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 302), near Tacubaya (Schaffner), around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, Alaman), without localities (Tate, Bates). Hb. Kew. | 8. Aster incanus, A. Gr. Bot. Calif. i. p. 322. Diplopappus incanus, Lind]. Bot. Reg. t. 1693; Bot. Mag. t. 3382. Dieteria incana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ui. p. 100. Catirornia.—Norra Mexico, Sonora (Smith). 9. Aster inconspicuus, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 143. Erigeron expansus, Pepp. in Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 518. SoutH Mexico, near Los Cocos, Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe).—CuBa. 10. Aster jamaicensis, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 144. Erigeron jamaicense, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 406; DC. Prodr. v. p. 288. Sourn Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe).— West INDIEs. 11. Aster lima, Lindl. in DC. Prodr. v. p. 230. MEXICO. | This was founded upon a specimen in Bentham’s herbarium, which we have been unable to determine. Dr. Gray refers Parry and Palmer’s nos. 385 and 386 to this species. Whatever name is adopted, the species to which A. lima belongs should BIOL. CENT-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. | 7 122 COMPOSITA. probably include A. riparius, H. B. K., A. moranensis, H. B. K., A. lindeni, Schz. Bip., and A. ehrenbergiti, and perhaps also A. purpurascens, Schz. Bip. | 12. Aster lindeni, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, p. 302. Souta Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1170). Hb. Kew. 13. Aster moranensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 93. Diplostephium moranense, Nees, Ast. p. 198; DC. Prodr. v. p. 278. Sours Mexico, Cerro Ventoso and Moran, at 8650 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 6000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2141), Orizaba (Botteri, 11383). Hb. Kew. See remark under A. lima. 14. Aster multiflorus, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, iii. p. 116; DC. Prodr. v. p. 2438; A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 90. Aster hebecladus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 242. Aster scoparius, DC. Prodr. v. p. 242. Texas.—Norta Mexico, along the valley of the Rio Grande and below Saltillo (Greqq). 15. Aster parviflora, Hemsley. Macheranthera parviflora, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 90. NortH Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains, Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. 16. Aster pauciflorus, Nutt. Gen. ii. p. 154; A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 76. Aster caricifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 92, t. 338. Tripolium caricifolium, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 721. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, west of the Chiricahui Mountains, Sonora (Wright) ; SoutH Mexico, near the city of Mexico, at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), marshes near Mexico (Bourgeau, 370), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Cordillera of Oaxaca, in ravines near the Pacific Ocean (Galeotti, 2096), Chiapas (Linden, 425). Hb. Kew. Var.? gracilis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 81. Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted, 254). Hb. Kew. 17. Aster potosinus, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 32. NortH Mexico, mountains of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 384). Hb. Kew. 18. Aster purpurascens, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 156. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg, 474). 19. Aster riparius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 92. Aster sonore, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 76. NortH Mexico, west of the Chiricahui Mountains, Sonora ( Wright); Soutu Mexico, near Lake Cuisco, at 5400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2303). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITE. 123 20. Aster scaberrimus, Less. in Linnza, v. p. 143. SoutH Mexico, woods near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 21. Aster simplex, Willd. Enum. ii. p. 287; DC. Prodr. v. p. 239; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 131. CanabDA southward.—Norra Mexico, banks of the Babocomori, Sonora (Wright). 22. Aster ? spinosus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 20. Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright), below Saltillo (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 381); Soura Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 23. Aster tanacetifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 95. Macheranthera tanacetifolia, Nees, Ast. p. 224. Dieteria coronopifolia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. p. 101. CatirorniaA ; New Mexico; Texas.—Norta Mexico, Salado, Chihuahua (Wright), San Antonio de las Alanzanes (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 24. Aster, sp. . Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1153, 1154; Bourgeau, 3341). Hb. Kew. 25. Aster, sp. Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 3341 bis), Orizaba (Botteri, 1155). Hb. Kew. 26. Aster, sp. SourH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 298, 300). Hb. Kew. 52. ERIGERON. Erigeron, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 951; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 279. About 100 species of herbs, widely dispersed in temperate regions, rarer in the tropics. Two or three annual species are almost ubiquitous weeds of cultivation. There are probably not more than ten or twelve distinct species within our limits. 1. Erigeron affinis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 289. Sourn Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier). 2. Erigeron bonariensis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1211; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 365. SourH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1080, 1081), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1216) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 458); Costa Rica, Alajuela (Polakowsky).—West Inpizs and southward to Chili and Uruevay. Hb. Kew. 8. Erigeron canadensis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1211; DC. Prodr. v. p. 289. This widely dispersed weed is common throughout Mexico and Central AMERICA. Hb. Kew. r 2 124 COMPOSIT 2. 4, Erigeron delphinifolius, Willd. Hort. Berol. t. 90. Polyactidium delphinifolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 282. Arizona, Texas._-_NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 389); Soura Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 209 ; Bourgeau, 717), Zimapan (Coulter, 307), without localities (Tate, Parkinson, Mairet, Bates). Hb. Kew. 5. Erigeron diplopappoides, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 722. Mexico (Aschenborn). 6. Brigeron divergens, Torr. & Gr. Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 176. Erigeron cinereus, A. Gr. in Pl. Fendl. p. 68, ex A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad, xvi. p. 95. NEBRASKA to CALIFORNIA.—Norta Mexico, Buena Vista and Encantada (Gregg). 7. Erigeron eriophyllus, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 77. Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright). 8. Erigeron ervendbergii, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 650. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 391, 393); Sours Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendbery), San Angel, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 166). Hb. Kew. | 9. Erigeron gnaphalioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 88, t. 331. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 403); SoutH Mexico, Guanajuato (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 10. Erigeron karwinskianus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 285. Mexico (Karwinski). 11. Erigeron leucanthifolius, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 723. Mexico (Aschenborn). 12. Erigeron longipes, DC. Prodr. v. p. 285. Mexico (Karwinskt). ~ Dr. Gray informs us that he thinks this may be FE. scaposum. 18. Erigeron maximus, Otto ex DC. Prody. v. p. 284. Leptostelma maximum, Don in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 38. Aster maximus, Less. Syn. p. 182. MEXIco. 14. Erigeron mucronatus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 285. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet. (Parry & Palmer, 392); Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 167), Chinantla (Liebmann, 499), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 269), Zimapan (Coulter, 306); GuatemaLa, Coban (Pirckheim, 7). VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. COMPOSITZ. 125 15. Erigeron palmeri, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 32. | NortH Mexico, mountains of Alvarez, south-east of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 395); Sourn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 308, 311). Hb. Kew. 16. Erigeron pubescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 88. Heterocheta? pubescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 283. Sout Mexico, Moran (Humboldt & Bonpland), Zimapan (Coulter, 310). Hb. Kew. 17. Erigeron scaposus, DC. Prodr. v. 287. Aster rivularis, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 148, excl. synon. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 388, 394); Sourn Mexico, around Toluca (Andrieux, 277), prairies of Jalapa (Galeotti, 2292), Real del Monte (Coulter, 309), Cordillera of Oaxaca, damp woods, at 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2356), peak of Orizaba, 9500 feet (Linden, 492). Hb. Kew. 18. Erigeron schiedeanus, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 145. SoutH Mexico, Llanos de Perote (Schiede & Deppe). 19. Erigeron subspicatus, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 82. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (@rsted, 268). Hb. Kew. 20. Erigeron tenellus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 288. NortH Mexico, around Tamaulipas (Berlandier). 21. Erigeron velutipes, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. P. 434, Sout Mexico, Tepic (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 22. Erigeron, sp. GUATEMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 23. Erigeron, sp. SoutH Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2925). Hb. Kew. 538. CONYZA. Conyza, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 203; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 283. About fifty species of herbs, generally dispersed in warm countries. 1. Conyza adnata, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 74. Soutn Mexico, between Istla bridge and the village of Acanistla, at about 3200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 2. Conyza apurensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 73. Erigeron apurensis, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 365. South Mexico, Tintalcingo (Liebmann, 433), Orizaba (Botteri, 1156); CEnTRAL America, without locality (Sinclair).—VenEzvELA; West Inpirs. Hb. Kew. 126 COMPOSIT. 8. Conyza asperifolia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 284. Baccharis asperifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 86. _ Souru Mexico, San Nicolas, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 970, 1228), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 372); GuaTeMALA, mountains of Mixco (Hartweg, 589), Alta Vera Paz (Tiirckheim); Costa Rica (Grsted, 54). Hb. Kew. 4. Conyza chilensis, Spreng. Nov. Prov. 1818, p. 14; DC. Prodr. v. p. 378. SourH Mexico, Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2257), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1194), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 595). —West Inpiks and southward to Cuiti and Soutn Brazit. Hb. Kew. 5. Conyza coronopifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 70. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 398) ; SoutH Mexico, plain of Mexico, at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 161), Chinantla (Liebmann, 513), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1350 ; Botteri, 1152), Ciudad Real (Linden, 433), Zimapan (Coulter, 285, 286); Guaremata, Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 590). Hb. Kew. 6. Conyza cortesii, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 75. SoutH Mexico, near Cuernavaca &c. (Humboldt §& Bonpland). 7. Conyza fastigiata, Willd. Enum. Suppl. p. 57. _ Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky).—TropicaL AMERICA and TROPICAL AFRICA. 8. Conyza? (Lennecia filaginoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 376). SourH Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 820). 9. Conyza, gnaphalioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 73, t. 327. Lennecia gnaphaloides, Cass. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 400, 402), Real del Monte (Coulter, 284), Pedregal (Bourgeau), without localities (Aschen- born, Parkinson).—VENEZUELA; CoLoMBIA; Perv. Hb. Kew. 10. Conyza hispida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 71. Sour Mrxico, Lake Tezcuco, 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 11. Conyza lyrata, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 70. Nicaraeua, Granada, Tipitapa, &c. (@rsted, 71, 245, 246).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 12. Conyza microcephala, Hemsley, n. sp. Annua, erecta, gracilis, foliis sessilibus sublinearibus sepe apicem versus paucidentatis suberectis ciliolatis, capitulis minimis (vix 2 lineas diametro) in corymbos compositos densos terminales aggregatis, receptaculo concavo foveolato, acheniis faciebus enerviis parce appresse hirsutis. COMPOSITZ. 127 Herba annua, erecta, gracilis, striata, a basi racemosa, ramis parce farinoso-pilosis. Folia sessilia suberecta, linearia vel lineari-lanceolata, 4-14 poll. longa, acuta vel obtusa, integra vel pauci- dentata, precipue margine farinoso-pilosa. Capitula multiflora, vix 2 lineas diametro, in corymbos compositos densos terminales aggregata; involucri bractez subbiseriate, lineari- subulatz, tenues, subscarioss ; receptaculum concavum, foveolatum, foveolis integris ; corolle glabree. Achenia compressa, oblonga, enervia, parce appresse hirsuta; pappi albi setz uni- seriatze, scabride. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 221; Parry & Palmer, 396). Hb. Kew. Closely allied to the common Indian C. absinthifolia, DC., but differing in the kind of hairiness in the expanded receptacle and in the pappus. 13. Conyza obtusa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 71. South Mexico, between the city of Mexico and Toluca, at about 8000 feet (Hum- boldt & Bonpland; Berlandier, 537; Andrieux, 274). Hb. Kew. 14. Conyza panamensis, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1942. PANAMA. 15. Conyza? (Lennecia parvifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 376). Sout Mexico, around Toluca (Berlandier, 1124). 16. Conyza sophizfolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 72, t. 326. Conyza pulchella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 72. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 397, 399), Zacatecas (Coulter, 283); Souta Mexico, between Chalco and Lake Tezcuco, and near Moran, 7000 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 499), Cerro Leon (Liebmann, 515), Regla, at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2427). Hb. Kew. 17. Conyza subdecurrens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 379. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Mount Graham, S. Arizona (Rothrock), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 4014), without locality (Hanke, Graham, 69). Hb. Kew. 18. Conyza thesiifolia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 75. Mexico ? 19. Conyza, sp. Sourn Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 284, in part). Hb. Kew. 20. Conyza, sp. Norru Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 424). Hb. Kew. 21. Conyza, sp. Sout Mexico, Cafiada (Bilimek, 586), without locality (Bates, 5). Hb. Kew. 128 COMPOSITZ. 54. BACCHARIS. Baceharis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 949; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 286. An exclusively American genus, comprising about 275 shrubby and half-shrubby species, the majority inhabiting the tropics. 1. Baccharis alamani, DC. Prodr. v. p. 402. Mexico (Alaman). Possibly the same as B. cerulescens. 2. Baccharis angustifolia, Michx.? A. Gr. Pl. Lindh. ii. p. 224. Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Schott, Bigelow). The true plant inhabits Eastern North America, from South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 3. Baccharis asperula, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 725. Soutn Mexico, Zimapan (Aschenborn). 4. Baccharis bigelovii, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 84. Nort Mexico, Sonora and the neighbouring country. 5. Baccharis brachyphylla, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 83. Norra Mexico, between Conde’s Camp and the Chiricahui Mountains (Wright). 6. Baccharis cerulescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 402. Cattrornia; New Mexico; Trexas.—Norru Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 409), around Matamoras (Berlandier), Zacatecas (Coulter, 289); SourH Mexico, valley of Mexico, Pedregal (Bourgeau, 386, 387), Santa Barbara (Liebmann, 61), Orizaba (Bilimek, 556 ; Miller, 1684), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2115), Leon (Hartweg, 139), Yavezia and Tehuacan (Itebmann, 60, 62). Hb. Kew. 7 7. Baccharis conferta, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 59. Baccharis xalapensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 56? Baccharis cuneata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 408. Conyza tricuneata, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 1946. SourH Mexico, near Cuernavaca and Jalapa, 4000 to 5000 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland), between Pachuca and Real del Monte (Graham), woods, Real del Monte, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2389), Jalapa (Linden, 479), Orizaba (Botteri, 947), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 173), Huatusco (Liebmann, 102), without localities (Gregg, Alaman, Mairet). Hb. Kew. 8. Baccharis congesta, DC. Prod. v. p. 410. SoutH Mxxico, Real del Monte (Henke). 9. Baccharis divergens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 400. Mexico (Henke). COMPOSITA. . 129 10. Baccharis elegans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 60, t. 324. Mexico? (Humboldt & Bonpland). Var. seemannil, Sch. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 303. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2015). Hb. Kew. 11. Baccharis emoryi, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 83. Catirornia.—NortH Mexico, along the Gila. 12. Baccharis henkei, DC. Prodr. v. p. 401. SoutH Mexico, around Real del Monte (Henke). 13. Baccharis heterophylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 62. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 405), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1996); Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 169), Tacu- baya (Bourgeau, 173, 175), Chalco (Schaffner), Misteca Alta, 7000 to 9000 feet ( Galeotti, 2138), near Guanajuato, 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 14. Baccharis hieraciifolia, Hemsley, n. sp. Herbacea, habitu foliisque Hieracii tridentati, ramis apteris, foliis ovato-lanceolatis penninerviis remotiuscule calloso-dentatis, capitulis laxe corymbosis, involucri bracteis, 3—4-seriatis lineari- lanceolatis, stylis florum sterilium alte bifidis longe exsertis, acheniis immaturis puberulis. Herba erecta, 1-2-pedalis, caulibus teretibus, glutinoso-puberulis, apice tantum ramosis. Folia (caulina tantum visa) alterna, petiolata vel subsessilia, tenuia, ovato-lanceolata, 2—4-pollicaria, superiora gradatim angustiora et breviora, utrinque attenuata, acuta, remotiuscule calloso- dentata, supra scabrida, subtus presertim in nerviis venisque pilosula, penninervia, venis dense reticulatis. | Capitula omnia laxe corymbosa, multiflora, 9 paullo minora; involucri bractex 3-4-seriate, leviter glutinoso-puberule, lineari-lanceolate, obtusiuscule, margine scariose, apice rubre; receptaculum nudum. lores ¥ steriles ; corolla puberula ; anthere exserte ; stylus alte bifidus, longe exsertus, sat puberulus; pappi sete elongate, uniseriate, scabride. Flores 2 minores; corolla filiformis (fl. 3-4 centrales corollis latioribus 5-fidis, staminodiis non- nullis inclusis). Achenia immatura parcissime puberula ; pappus uniseriatus. Sout Mzxico, Desierto Viejo, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 951, 1230). Hb. Kew. This species is intermediate between Conyza and Baccharis, approaching very closely Conyza rivularis, Gard., a Brazilian species. In some of the specimens all the flowers are hermaphrodite, with exserted stamens and very long styles ; in others all are female, with filiform corollas, except three or four central ones, which have broader-lobed corollas and included, apparently barren, stamens or staminodia. 15. Baccharis hirtella, DC. Prodr. v. p. 418. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 490, 1144, 1170; Bilimek, 516; Bourgeau, 2993), valley of Cordova and San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 955, 1637 1), Consoquitla (Liebmann, 52). Hb. Kew. | 16. Baccharis lancifolia, Less. in Linnea, ix. p. 266. Sour Mxxico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. I1., June 1881. 8 130 | COMPOSITA. 17. Baccharis linifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 420. Soura Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke). 18. Baccharis longifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 402. Sours Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 624, 653). 19. Baccharis micrantha, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 60. SoutH Mexico, near Guanajuato, 6400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 20. Baccharis mucronata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 60, nec Hook. et Arn. Pluchea floribunda, Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 32. Norte Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 338, 339) ; SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1106, 1114, 1139), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 287; Bourgeau, 969, 1096), Mirador (Linden, 1171), savannas at 3000 feet, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2308), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 524), Cumbre de Estepa (Liebmann, 56). Hb. Kew. 21. Baccharis multiflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 59. SoutH Mexico, Tianguillo and Toluca, 9000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 900). 22. Baccharis nervosa, DC. Prody. v. p. 399. Costa Rica, Aguacate and Pacaca (sted), Turrialba (Polakowsky).—GUADALOUPE; TrinipaD. Hb. Kew. 23. Baccharis orizabaensis, Schz. Bip. in herb. Liebm. n. 353. South Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, at 6000 feet (Linden, 1133; Liebmann, 358). Hb. Kew. 24. Baccharis parviflora, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 146. Sourn Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). 25. Baccharis polygalefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 49. . Soura Mexico, near Moran, 7800 to 9600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Also in Prrv, and Monte Video? 26. Baccharis potosina, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 33. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 410). Hb. Kew. 27. Baccharis ptarmicefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 419. New Mextco.—Norra Mexico, Sonora (Wright), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2009), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 406); Sours Mexico, San Gerénimo (Bourgeau, 606). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 131 28. Baccharis pteronioides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 410. South Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier, 398), Toluca (Andrieux, 272), Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 168, 174), without locality (Graham, 38). Hb. Kew. 29. Baccharis ramiflora, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 33. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 404, 412). Hb. Kew. 30. Baccharis ramulosa, A. Gr. Pl. Thurb. p. 301; et in Torr. Bot. Mex. & US. Bound. Surv. p. 84. Aplopappus (Aplodiscus) ramulosus, DC. Prodr. v. p. 350. Linosyris (Aplodiscus) ramulosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 97, et 1. p. 80. New Mexico.—Norts Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 377); Sourn Muxico, Orizaba (Bottert, 1130). Hb. Kew. 31. Baccharis rhexioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 66. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 106), Jalapa (Linden, 460), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2223), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1849), Pital and Santa Barbara (Liebmann, 104, 105), Orizaba (Botteri, 1086, 1039, 1089, 1090); GuaTEMALa, near Coban, 4400 feet (Tiirckheim, 389); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 209 ; Seemann, 101) ; Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted, 38, 55); Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 156, 161).—A common species southward to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 32. Baccharis scandens, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 146. South Mexico, San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 955); Costa Rica? (Grsted, 42, 43). Hb. Kew. This may be different from B. scandens, Persoon, a Peruvian plant. 33, Baccharis seemanni, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 33. Baccharis wrightii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 303, non A. Gr. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1995), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 411). Hb. Kew. 34. Baccharis sergiloides, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 83. Catirornia.—Norta America, along the Gila (Hmory Exped.), Camp Grant to Camp Bowie (Rothrock). | 35. Baccharis serreefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 403. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 53), ravines near Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2239), Vera Cruz (Linden, 1189), Orizaba (Bottert, 1111, 1173, 1174). Hb. Kew. 36. Baccharis serratifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 59. Sour Mexico, near Guanajuato, 7400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). $2 132 COMPOSIT A. 37. Baccharis sordescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 405. Mexico (Henke); Norra Mexico?, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1094). Hb. Kew. 38. Baccharis spathulata, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 724. Mexico (Aschenborn). 39. Baccharis squarrosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 67. Sours Mexico, dry hills near Guanajuato (Humboldt & Bonpland). 40. Baccharis sulcata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 400. Mexico (Henke). 41. Baccharis texana, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 75, adnot. Linosyris texana, Torr. et Gr. Fl. N. Amer. 1. p. 282. Tsxas.—NortH Mexico, around the town of Matamoros (Berlandier, 2332). Hb. Kew. 42. Baccharis thesioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 61. Soutn Mexico, Santa Rosa, at about 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 43. Baccharis trichoclada, DC. Prodr. v. p. 400. Mexico (Henke). 44, Baccharis vaccinioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 50. Sour Mexico, near Moran, 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 45. Baccharis wrightii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 101. NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Wright). Hb. Kew. Var. pyrrhopappa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 84. Nortu Mexico, near Mapimi (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 46. Baccharis, sp. Sours Mexico, valley of Mexico, Montezuma (Bourgeau, 1212, 1093, 1094, 1095), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 47. Baccharis, sp. Soura Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, 7000 feet (Linden, 1132). Hb. Kew. Tribe IV. INULOIDEZ. Inuloidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 166, 180. One hundred and forty-two genera belong to this tribe, which has nearly the same range as the order ; but the genera and species are especially numerous in South Africa and Australia, where they form a conspicuous feature of the flora. The Old World numbers about 950 species as against 150 in America, | COMPOSIT A. 133 55. PLUCHEA. Pluchea, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1817; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 290. Shrubs, undershrubs, or, rarely, herbs. About thirty species, inhabiting the warmer regions of America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. 1. Pluchea auriculata, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 32. Caulibus vel ramis subsimplicibus crassiusculis sulcatis strigosis, foliis sessilibus lanceolatis vel oblongis mucronatis calloso-serratis basi auriculatis scabridis, capitulis paucis grandiusculis pedunculatis, involucri bracteis linearibus acutis pluriseriatis scabridis, floribus numerosissimis, pappo corolle squilongo, acheniis pubescentibus. Herba (?) perennis, caulibus vel ramis subsimplicibus, crassiusculis, sulcatis, strigosis. Folia caulina sessilia, lanceolato-oblonga, 2-8-pollicaria, mucronata, calloso-serrata, supra scabrida, subtus strigilloso-pubescentia, basi auriculata, auriculis amplexicaulibus. Capitula pauca, pedun- . culata, 6-8 lin. vel ultra diametro ; involucri bractez lineari-elongate, acute, pluriseriate, scabride. Flores numerosissimi; pappus corolle equilongus. Achenia compressa, angulata, pubescentia.—Pluchea subdecurrens, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 17, nec Cass. South Mexico, Guanajuato (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 2. Pluchea cortesii, DC. Prodr. v. p. 452. Conyza cortesii, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 75. Soutn Mexico, near the city of Mexico (Humboldt & Bonpland). 3. Pluchea odorata, Cass. Dict. xlii. p. 3; DC. Prodr. v. p. 452. Conyza odorata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1208. Fioripa; Bermupas.—NortH Mexico (Berlandier) : SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1083), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1796), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 146), without locality (rsted, 167).—North part of Sourn America and the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 4. Pluchea purpurascens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 452. Conyza purpurascens, Sw. Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 1342. Lovtstana.— Mexico, La Antigua, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2268), Santiago Estato (Lieb- mann, 59), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 22). Hb. Kew. 5. Pluchea subdecurrens, Cass. Dict. xlii. p. 4; DC. Prodr. v. p. 450. - Sovra Mexico, between Istla and Acaistla (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 343), Colipa (Liebmann, 432), pine-forests, Chiapas (Linden, 427), without locality (Parkinson, 3). Hb. Kew. 56. TESSARIA. Tessaria, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. p. 112, t. 24; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 291. About five shrubby species, inhabiting Western America, from California to Chili. 134 COMPOSIT. 1. Tessaria borealis, Torr. & Gray, Bot. Emory Rep. p. 143; Sitgreave’s Rep. t. 5. Catirornia ; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, Sonora. 57. EPALTES. Epailtes, Cass. Dict. xv. p. 6; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 293. About ten herbaceous species, inhabiting the warmer regions of America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. 1. Epaltes mexicana, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 147; DC. Prodr. v. p. 462. Pachythelia mexicana, Steetz in Pet. Mossamb. Bot. p. 454. Sout Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe). 08. CHIONOLAENA. Chionolena, DC. Prodr. v. p. 897; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 302. Besides the following, there are two half-shrubby Brazilian species. 1. Chionolzna corymbosa, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 32. (Tab. XL. figg. 1-9.) | Gnaphalium seemanni, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 309. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1994). Hb. Kew. We have followed Bentham and Hooker in referring this plant hither, though it would probably be better placed in Gnaphalium. Unfortunately we had overlooked Schultz’s description of it until after the plate was printed off, under the present name. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XL. Fice. 1-9. Fig. 1, portion of a plant, natural size; 2, an hermaphrodite flower; 3, a bristle of its pappus; 4, an anther ; 5, portion of style with stigma; 6, an involucral bract ; 7, a sterile flower; 8, its style; 9, a bristle of its pappus: all enlarged. 2. Chionolena lavandulaceum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 302. Elichrysum lavandulefolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 86, non DC. Gnaphalium lavandulaceum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 227. South Mexico, Peak of Orizaba, at 14,000 to 15,000 feet (Liebmann, 307), at 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 2152), at the limits of vegetation (Linden, 1185); Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, at 11,000 feet (Hrsted, 278). Hb. Kew. 59. MICROPUS. - Micropus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 996; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 297. About six species of annual herbs, inhabiting Europe, Asia, and North America. — COMPOSITA. 135 1. Micropus grayana, Hemsley. Stylocline micropoides, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. 11. p. 84. Southern Utan and Cairornia to Trexas.—NortH Mexico, Fronteras ( Wright, 1405). Hb. Kew. 60. DIAPERIA. Diaperia, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, vii. p. 337; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 298. The genus is restricted to North America, and comprises four herbaceous species. 1. Diaperia multicaulis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 298. Filaginopsis multicaulis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 263. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey). 61. ACHYROCLINE. . Achyrocline, Less. Synop. Comp. p. 332 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 305. About sixteen half-shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical America from Mexico to Brazil, Tropical Africa, and Madagascar. 1. Achyrocline ventosa, Klatt in Linnea, xlii. p. 112. Soura Mexico, Cerro Ventoso (Ehrenberg, 577). 2. Achyrocline, sp. Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1145). Hb. Kew. 62. GNAPHALIUM. Gnaphalium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 946, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i1. p. 305. About 100 herbaceous and half-shrubby species, dispersed nearly all over the world in temperate and cold regions. The Mexican species are much in need of revision. 1. Gnaphalium americanum, Mill. Dict. n. 17; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 234. Sour Mrxico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier, 310), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau).—San Domineo ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. Klatt (Linnea, xlii. p. 140) treats this and G. spicatum, Lam., G. sphacelatum, H. B. K., G. chamissonis, DC., and G. simplicicaule, Willd., as varieties of G. purpu- reum, L. 9. Gnaphalium attenuatum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 228. Sovran Mexico, around Tampico (Berlandier, 70), fields near Jalapa, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2259), Orizaba (Botteri, 1150), without locality (Salle); Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo (Ersted, 258). Hb. Kew. 136 COMPOSIT.. 3. Gnaphalium berlandieri, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 223. Texas.— Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 471), Colipa and Huatusco (Liebmann, 309, 327). Hb. Kew. | 4, Gnaphalium brachypterum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 226. Mexico, around Victoria (Berlandier); Nicaraeva, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted, 262, 263). Hb. Kew. 5. Gnaphalium canescens, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 228. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 419); Sour Mexico, Leon, Jalisco (Mendez). Hb. Kew. 6. Gnaphalium concinnum, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 34. Norra Mexico, in the highest mountains south-east of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 423). Hb. Kew. 7. Gnaphalium conoideum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 85, non Lam. ; DC. Prody. vi. p. 233. SourH Mexico, near the city of Mexico, at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 8. Gnaphalium ehrenbergianum, Schz. Bip., ex Klatt in Linnea, xlii. p. 127. Sour Mexico, near Zamaltepan (Ehrenberg, 24). 9. Gnaphalium gracile, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 83. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 414) ; Sour Mexico, near Guanajuato, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 10. Gnaphalium heteroides, Klatt in Linnea, xlii. p. 187. Mexico (Lhrenberg, 972). 11. Gnaphalium hirtum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 82. Sout Mexico, peak of Chapultepec, at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 12. Gnaphalium inornatum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 225. SoutH Mexico, Las Cruces, valley of Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte, and Guchilaca (Berlandier, 1195, 740, 1146, 309), in fields, Anganguio (Hartweg, 314). Hb. Kew. 13. Gnaphalium leptophyllum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 226. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 418, 422); Sour Mxxico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 178), vailey of Mexico (Bourgeau, 506), without localities (Graham, 68; Coulter, 450). Hb. Kew. 14. Gnaphalium leucocephalum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 99. Norru Mexico, Sonora (Wright, Thurber). Hb. Kew. 15. Gnaphalium luteo-album, L. Sp. Pl. p. 1196; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 230. Nort Mexico, Sonora; Sourn Mexico, Tepic (Sinclair), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau); Nicaraeva, Realejo (Sinclair)—Found in nearly all warm countries. Hb. Kew. COMPOSITZ. 137 16. Gnaphalium oxyphyllum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 225. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 417) ; SourH Mexico, around Villalpando (Mendez). Hb. Kew. p. semilanatum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 225. SoutH Mexico, around Villalpando (Mendez); Costa Rica, Candelaria Mountains (Grsted, 277). Hb. Kew. 17. Gnaphalium polycephalum, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 127; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 227. CanaDa southward to Texas and—Norrn Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1993) ; Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert, 1148, 1149; Miller, 1802), without localities (Par- kinson, Sallé), Jalapa (Coulter, 452), Zacuapan (Linden, 1200). Hb. Kew. 18. Gnaphalium purpurascens, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 225. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 415) ; Sours Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 454), without localities (Mairet, Shepherd). Hb. Kew. 19. Gnaphalium rhodanthum, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 310. South Muxico, pine-forests of Titotola (Linden, 437), Toluca (Andrieux, 276), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1290), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 9500 feet (Galeotti, 2188), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 377). Hb. Kew. 20. Gnaphalium roseum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. P. 81; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 229. Sour Mexico, Guanajuato, at 6400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 505); Costa Rica, Cartago and Volcan de Irazu, at 11,000 feet (Grsted, 271, 272, 274, 275, 279, 280). Hb. Kew. 21. Gnaphalium schraderi, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 225. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 417%); South Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn, 399); Guatemala, Volcan de Fuego, 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 22. Gnaphalium semiamplexicaule, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 228. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 416, 421), between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier, 2188); Soura Muxtoo, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 505). Hb. Kew. 23. Gnaphalium sphacelatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 86. «. legitimum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 234. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 426) ; Souta Mexico, between the city of Mexico and Huehuetoque, at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. t 138 COMPOSITZ. f GB. rectum, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 234. . SoutH Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Alaman, Mairet). 24. Gnaphalium spicatum, Lam. Dict. ii. p. 757; DO. Prodr. vi. p. 232. Louisiana ?, Texas.—MeExico, Chinazitla (Liebmann, 318), near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 389, 390), without locality (Coulter, 456); GuaTEMALa, without locality (Bernoulli, 260) ; near Coban, at 4400 feet (Tiirckheim, 380); Costa Rica, Chinotega, Volcan de Irazu, &c., 3500 to 7000 feet (rsted); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1133).—Southward to Patagonia and the FaLKLAND Istanps. Hb. Kew. 25. Gnaphalium sprengelii, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 150; Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 104. CALIFORNIA, Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora; NicaRaGua, summit of Volcan el Viejo, and at Chinotega, Segovia (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 26. Gnaphalium stramineum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 85; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 230. Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts); Sours Mexico, between Moran and Omitlan, 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 27. Gnaphalium tenue, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 83; DC. Prodr. vi. p. 223. Mexico ? 28. Gnaphalium viscosum, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 82; DC. Prody. vi. p. 224. | Souta Mexico, Chapultepec, at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Some of the following unnamed species are very distinct and probably undescribed. 29. Gnaphalium, sp. Mexico, without locality (Sallé). Hb. Kew. 30. Gnaphalium, sp. Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 450). Hb. Kew. 31. Gnaphalium, sp. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba, at 11000 feet (Linden, 1124; Galeotti, 2155), Real del Monte (Coulter, 451). Hb. Kew. 32. Gnaphalium, sp. GUATEMALA, summit of Volcan de Agua (Salvin & Godman, 257, 315). Hb. Kew. 33. Gnaphalium, sp. Soutn Mexico, Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 1075). Hb. Kew. 34. Gnaphalium, sp. South Mexico, alpine region of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 827). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITZ. 139 35. Gnaphalium, sp. Mexico (Mackenzie). Hb. Kew. 36. Gnaphalium, sp. GUATEMALA, near Coban, at 4400 feet (Tirckheim, 383). Hb. Kew. 37. Gnaphalium, sp. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner, 4, 25). Hb. Kew. 38. Gnaphalium, sp. Sourn Mexico, forest of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1225). Hb. Kew. 39. Gnaphalium, sp. Soutn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1852). Hb. Kew. 40. Gnaphalium, sp. | Sourn Mexico, San Cristobal, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3097; Bottéeri, 1146, 1147). Hb. Kew. Tribe V. HELIANTHOIDE. Helianthoidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 166, 189. This tribe is represented in nearly all tropical countries; but out of 138 genera, 125 are represented in America, and 107 of these are there endemic. Altogether there are nearly 1000 species in America. 638. LAGASCEA. Lagascea, Cay. in Ann. Cienc. Nat. vi. p. 828, t. 44 (Lagasca), ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 91; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 342. Restricted, at present, to the following species, which are either herbs, half-shrubs, or shrubs. 1. Lagascea angustifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 92. North Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2058); Sourn Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), around Leon (Mendez). Hb. Kew. 2. Lagascea biflora, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 33. (Tab. XLIV. figg. 5-10.) Foliis ovato-lanceolatis obscure denticulatis, capitulis numerosis ageregatis pedunculatis sepissime bifloris, floribus glabris ex involucro villoso longiuscule exsertis, pappi paleis zequilongis brevis- sime fimbriatis. Frutex vel suffrutex, ramis graciliusculis, sulcatis, pubescentibus. Folia petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, | superiora 1-2 poll. longa, obscure denticulata, supra scabridula, subtus pubescentia. Capitula pedunculata, numerosa, aggregata; involucrum villosum, sepissime (an semper?) biflorum, subqualiter dentatum, floribus triente brevius; flores glabri, leviter curvati, 6-8 lineas longi. Achenia hirsuta; pappi palee inter se equilonge, brevissime fimbriatze. Mexico, without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. t2 140. COMPOSITZ. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLIV. Fiee. 5-10. Fig. 5,a portion of a plant, natural size; 6, a flower-head ; 7, a flower removed from the involucre ; 8, a corolla laid open; 9, a stamen; 10, a portion of the pappus : all enlarged. 3. Lagascea decipiens, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 83. (Tab. XLIV. figg. 1-4.) Foliis late ovatis subtrinerviis distincte crenato-calloso-dentatis, capitulis numerosissimis aggregatis subsessilibus unifloris, floribus puberulis ex involucro villoso subeequaliter dentato vix exsertis, acheniis glabris, pappi paleis equilongis longiuscule fimbriatis. Frutex vel suffrutex, ramis leviter sulcatis, junioribus molliter albo-pubescentibus. Folia petiolata, late ovata, subtrinervia, 2~3-pollicaria, distincte crenato-calloso-dentata, acuminata, obtusius- cula, utrinque pubescentia, supra vix scabridula. Capitula numerosissima, aggregata, breviter pedunculata; involucrum villosum, uniflorum, subzqualiter dentatum, floribus paullo brevius ; flores minute puberuli, recti, 5—6 lineas longi.. Achenia glabra ; pappi palez inter se equilonge, longiuscule fimbriatz.—L. mollis, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 298, nec Cav. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2056). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLIV. Fice. 1-4. Fig. 1,a portion of a plant, natural size; 2, a flower-head; 3, a flower ; 4, a portion of the pappus : all enlarged. This is very distinct from L. mollis, to which Schultz had referred it, being a more woody plant, with very differently shaped general involucral bracts &c. 4, Lagascea heteropappus, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars altera, p. 33. Foliis ovato-oblongis acutis subtrinerviis supra scabridis subtus sericeo-villosis, capitulis aggregatis sessilibus unifloris, involucro inzequaliter dentato longe sericeo-villoso, quam flores pubescentes dimidio breviore, acheniis glabris, pappi paleis inter se valde dissimilibus. Frutex vel suffrutex, ramis crassiusculis, leviter sulcatis, junioribus albo-villosis. Folia breviter petiolata, ovato-oblonga, 2-3-pollicaria, acutiuscula, integra vel denticulata, subtrinervia, supra scabrida, subtus molliter sericeo-villosa, alba. Capitula dense aggregata, sessilia, uniflora ; involucrum valde sericeo-villosum, inzequaliter dentatum, floribus dimidio brevius ; flores pube- scentes, corolla tubo infra medium angusto. Achenia glabra; pappi palee inter se valde dissimiles, quarum 2 opposite, lineari-subulatz et ceteris multoties longiores sunt, omnes hirsute. Mexico, without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. This species differs strikingly from the others in its relatively short involucres, and in two opposite scales of the pappus being much longer than the others. 5. Lagascea mociniana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 92; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 571. Mexico (Mocino, Henke). 6. Lagascea mollis, Cav. Ann. Cienc. Nat. vi. p. 333, t. 44; DC. Prodr. v. -p. 91. Lagascea kunthiana et L. campestris, Gard. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. p. 238. Mexico; Nicaragua, Segovia (@rsted).—CuBa, VENEZUELA, &c. to BRazIL, and natu- ralized in the East Indies. Hb. Kew. COMPOSITE. 141 7. Lagascea rubra, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 24, t. 311. South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1235; Schaffner, 293), Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1205), without localities (Shepherd, Bates). Hb. Kew. 8. Lagascea suaveolens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 24. Lagascea helianthifolia, H. B. K. loc. cit. Lagascea latifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 92. Nocca latifolia, La Lav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 81; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 215. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2059); Sour Muxico, on the sea-coast near Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3342; Botteri, 11385), Mirador (Linden, 1161; Liebmann, 111), Cuernavaca (Bilimek, 521), valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1715), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), Cordillera of Oaxaca. Cordillera of Vera Cruz ( Galeotti, 2129, 2213); Guatemaa, Duefias, 5000 feet (Salvin); Nicaracua, Matagalpa, near Segovia (Crsted, 239). Hb. Kew. 64. ELVIRA. Elvira, Cass. Dict. xxx. p. 67; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 3438. Three species of annual herbs, two of which are restricted to the Galapagos Islands. 1. Elvira biflora, Cass. Dict. xxx. p. 67; DC. Prodr. v. p. 503. Milleria biflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1801; Lam. Ill. t. 710. f. 1. Mexico (Bates); GuaTEMALA, ‘Cerro del Carmen (Bernoulli, 107), without localities (Hartweg, Skinner); Costa Rica (Endres, Ersted).—Southward to Peru and Brazin and in Cupa. Hb. Kew. 65. STACHYCEPHALUM. Stachycephalum, Sch. Bip.; Benth. im Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1102 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 344. One herbaceous species. 1. Stachycephalum mexicanum, Schz. Bip., ex Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1102. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (franco). | . 66. MILLERIA. - Milleria, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 985, pro parte ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 344. One herbaceous species :-— 1. Milleria quinqueflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1301; DC. Prodr. v. p. 503. Milleria dichotoma, Cav. Ic. 1. t. 82. Milleria glandulosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 508. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1232); Nicaragua, Granada (sted) ; Panama, Veraguas (Seemann).—CoLomBIA to Peru. Hb. Kew. 142 COMPOSITA. 67. DESMANTHODIUM. Desmanthodium, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1116; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 345. Herbaceous plants, restricted to Mexico and Central America. 1. Desmanthodium guatemalense, Hemsley, n.sp. (Tab. XLV.) Arborescens, glabrescens, ramis ultimis glaucis crassiusculis, foliis amplis subsessilibus utrinque longe attenuatis, capitulorum glomerulis numerosis, floribus glabris hermaphroditis longe stipi- tatis corollis feemineorum tubulosis apice irregulariter dentatis. Arbor vel herba arborescens, ramis ultimis crassiusculis, teretibus, glaucis, internodiis quam folia brevioribus. Folia opposita, membranacea, subsessilia, ovato-lanceolata, usque ad 9-pollicaria, utrinque insigniter attenuata, calloso-denticulata, primum minutissime puberula sed cito gla- berrima et nitida, subtriplinervia, subtus pallidiora. Capitula heterogama, discoidea, pauci- flora, sessilia, glomerata; glomeruli ad 6-capitulati, cymoso paniculati; ramuli oppositi, basi bracteati, crassi, lineatim purpuracei, bracteis subscariosis, oblongis, striatis, 3-4 lineas longis instructi; involucri bracteze 6-8, subscariose, late ovate, longitudinaliter striate, floribus lon- giores ; flores glabri, hermaphroditi longe stipitati, feemineorum corollz omnino tubulose, apice irregulariter dentate vel rupte. Achenia matura non visa. GuatEeMALA, Volcan de Fuego, at 6000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLV. Fig. 1, an involucral bract ; 2, a female flower enclosed in the bracteole ; 3, the same divested of the bracteole ; 4, an hermaphrodite flower; 5, a stamen, 6, a pistil, from the same; 7 , an her- maphrodite flower on its stalk. 2. Desmanthodium ovatum, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. sub tab. 1116. South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2081), Mt. San Felipe (Andrieux, 319). Hb. Kew. 3. Desmanthodium perfoliatum, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1116. Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4500 feet (Galeotti, 2050). Hb. Kew. 68. CLIBADIUM. Clibadium, Linn. Mant. p. 161; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 345. About fifteen herbaceous or half-shrubby species, peculiar to America. 1. Clibadium acuminatum, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur, p. 114. CenTRaL America, Cocos Island (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 2. Clibadium asperum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 506. Baillieria aspera, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. t. 317. SourH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2269), Mirador (Linden, 725) ; Guatemala, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 81); Nicaragua, Rio San Juan (Grsted, 108). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 143 3. Clibadium leiocarpum, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 152. Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1591), Paraiso (S. Hayes, 401). Hb. Kew. 4, Clibadium, sp. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 924). Hb. Kew. 5. Clibadium, sp. Costa Rica (Endres, 90). Hb. Kew. 6. Clibadium, sp. Sout Mexico, rivulets at 3000 feet in the Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2245). Hb. Kew. 69. TRIGONOSPERMUM. Trigonospermum, Less. Synop. Comp. p. 214; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 346. Herbs endemic in Mexico. 1. Trigonospermum adenospermoides, Less. Synop. Comp. p. 214, et in Linnea, ix. p. 267. Sourn Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2691; Botteri, 1189), Jalapa, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 4079). Hb. Kew. 2. Trigonospermum melampodioides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 509. Norru Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1983), region of San Louis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 432); Sourh Mexico, San Felipe, near Oaxaca (Andrieua, 320), Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 809). Hb. Kew. 70. POLYMNIA. Polymnia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 987 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ui. p. 346. An exclusively American genus of perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees, dispersed from Canada to Buenos Ayres. 1. Polymnia aspera, DC. Prodr. v. p. 515. Mexico (raised in Munich Botanic Garden from seeds brought home by Keer). 2. Polymnia maculata, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 14, t. 227; DC. Prodr. v. p. 5165. Sourn Mxxtco, valley of Mexico, valley of Cordova, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 514, 596, 1635, 2847), Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2255), Jicaltepec (Liebmann, 305), Chiapas (@hiesbreght, 106); Guatemata, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 576); Costa Rica (Polakowsky). Hb. Kew. 71. DICRANOCARPUS. Dicranocarpus, A. Gr. in Mem. Amer. Acad. ser. 2, v. p. 322, et in Torr. Bot. Emory Exped. p. 85 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 347. Monotypical, annual. 144 COMPOSITZ. 1. Dicranocarpus parviflorus, A. Gr. in Mem. Amer. Acad. ser. 2, v. p. 322. Heterospermum dicranocarpum, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 109. New Mexico; Texas.—Norriu Mexico, San Carlos, Tamaulipas (Parry). 72. GUARDIOLA. Guardiola, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 1438, t. 41; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 347. An exclusively Mexican and Central-American genus of herbs. 1. Guardiola atriplicifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 111. Soutu Mexico, near Morelia, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2418). Hb. Kew. 2. Guardiola mexicana, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. i. p. 144, t. 41. South Mexico, Michoacan (Humboldt & Bonpland), Jalisco (Beechey), Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1213) ; Costa Rica (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 3. Guardiola platyphylla, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 91. NortH Mexico, Sonora (Thurber, Wright, Schott). Hb. Kew. 4, Guardiola tulocarpus, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 111. Tulocarpus mexicanus, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 298, t. 63. SoutH Mextco, Tepic (Lay & Collie), between the city of Mexico and Mazatlan (Gregg). Hb. Kew. . 73. BALTIMORA. Baltimora, Linn. Mant. p. 158; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 348. Limited to the following annual species :-— 1. Baltimora recta, Linn. Mant. p. 288. Fougerouxia recta et alba, DC. Prodr. v. p. 510. . Mexico (ex De Candolle); Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo (Hrsted) ; CentRaL AMERICA, without locality (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 2. Baltimora scolopospermum, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 154. Scolopospermum baltimoroides, Less. in Linnza, v. p. 152, t. 2. figg. 19-31. Scolopospermum fougerouxie, DC. Prodr. v. p. 509. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 428). Var. panamensis, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 154. PANAMA, near the city of Panama (Seemann; S. Hayes, 676).—Southward to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 74. MELAMPODIUM. Melampodium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 989; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 348. An American genus of about eighteen herbaceous species. COMPOSITA. 145 1. Melampodium achilleoides, Hemsley. Unxia achilleoides, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 159. SoutH Mexico, Llanos de Perote (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Melampodium americanum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1303 ; Reliq. Houst. p. 9, t. 21 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 518. | _ Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Houston). 3. Melampodium cinereum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 519. New Mexico; Texas.—Norta Mexico, Coahuila (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. 4, Melampodium coronopifolium, Schz. Bip. MSS. Nort Mzxico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 4444) ; Sourn Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner; Bilimek, 593). Hb. Kew. The accessible material is insufficient for description. 5. Melampodium cupulatum, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 291. Nort Mexico, Sonora (Palmer). 6. Melampodium digynum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 349. Unzia digyna, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 154, t. 30. Panama (Seemann, 46). Hb. Kew. 7. Melampodium divaricatum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 520. Dysodium divaricatum, Rich. in Pers. Ench. ii. p. 489. Melampodium paludosum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 215. Alcina ovatifolia, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. n. 403; Jacq. fil. Eclog. t. 78. Melampodium ovatifolium, Rchb. Iconograph. Exot. t. 42. Norra Mextco, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1101); Sour Mexico, valleys of Cordova and Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1629, 1975, 1628, 2031, 2557), without locality (Bates) ; Guatemata, Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 399); Nicaracua, Granada and between Sapoa and Tortuga (sted, 145, 89); Panama, Empire railway-station (S. Hayes, 515), without locality (Halsted, Seemann, 54). Hb. Kew. 8. Melampodium flaccidum, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 86. NicaraGua, near Granada (Grsted, 78, 79, 117). Hb. Kew. 9. Melampodium gracile, Less. in Linnea, vi. p. 407. Sout Mexico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 10. Melampodium heterophyllum, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 33; DC. Prodr. v. p. 518. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1103); Sour Mexico, Papantla (Schiede), near Tantoyuca and Tampico (Berlandier, 128, 2161), Cordova (Botteri, 1126). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IL., June 1881. u 146 COMPOSITA. 11. Melampodium hispidum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 273, t. 399. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright); South Mexico, between Pazcuaro and Valladolid, at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Tacubaya (Schaffner), without localities (Mairet, Tate). Hb. Kew. 12. Melampodium kunthianum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 519. Melampodium sericeum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. t. 398, non Lag. Souta Mexico, between Tehuilotepec and Tasco, at 5300 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 13. Melampodium linearilobum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 518. Souta Mexico, Guilotepec and Las Bocas (Alaman), near Vera Cruz, at 2500 feet (Galeotti, 2272). Hb. Kew. 14. Melampodium longicorne, A. Gr. Pl. Thurb. p. 321. Norta Mexico, Sonora (Thurber), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 4434). Hb. Kew. 15. Melampodium microcephalum, Less. in Linnea, ix. p. 268. Sour Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 16. Melampodium montanum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 64. Sour Mexico, on the Cumbre between La Sierra and Oaxaca (Hartweg), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 2133), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 174, 564). Hb. Kew. 17. Melampodium oblongifolium, DC. Prodr. v. p. 519. Soutn Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Berlandier, 2153). 18. Melampodium perfoliatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 274; DC. Prodr. v. p. 520. Alcina perfoliata, Cav. Ic. i. p. 10, t. 15. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1110); Sour Mexico, between Pazcuaro and Valladolid, 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Real del Monte (Coulter, 327), Orizaba (Sallé, Galeotti, 2458), valley of Mexico and Tisapan (Bourgeau, 841, 151). Hb. Kew. 19. Melampodium pumilum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 64. Mexico (Graham). Hb. Kew. 20. Melampodium rhomboideum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 520. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 444); Soutn Mexico, Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 808). Hb. Kew. 91. Melampodium sericeum, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. 1805; DC. Prodr. v. p. 618, non H. B. K. Sour Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, savannas at 3000 feet, and Orizaba (Galeotti, COMPOSITA. 147 2039, 1126); Guatemaa, Santa Catarina (Bernoulli, 709); Nicaragua, near Granada (Girsted, 74; Lévy, 176). Hb. Kew. 22. Melampodium tenellum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 299. SoutH Mexico, Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 23. Melampodium, sp. . | GuATEMALA, Capetillo, Volcan de Fuego, 4600 feet (Salvin, 2). Hb. Kew. 24. Melampodium, sp. GuatTeMALa, Duefias (Salvin, 1). Hb. Kew. 75. ACANTHOSPERMUM. Acanthospermnm, Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. t.53, ex DC. Prodr. iv. p. 522; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 349. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of two annual species. 1. Acanthospermum humile, DC. Prodr. v. p. 522. Melampodium humile, Swartz, Prodr. p. 114. Centrospermum humile, Less. Synop. Comp. p. 217. Acanthospermum hispidum, DC. loc. cit. ? Nicaragua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 228); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 171), without locality (S. Hayes, 198; Seemann, 296).—Widely dispersed in SoUTH AMERICA and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 76. BERLANDIERA. Berlandiera, DC. Prodr. v. p. 517; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 350. Five herbaceous species, limited to Texas and Mexico. 1. Berlandiera lyrata, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 17. New Mexico; Texas.—Norra Mexico, Sonora (Schott), Chihuahua (Gregg); Souta Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 77. LINDHEIMERA. Lindheimera, A. Gr. et Engelm. in Journ. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 225; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 351. Two herbaceous species, one Mexican, the other Texan. 1. Lindheimera mexicana, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 34. Nortn Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry §& Palmer, 447) ; Sovran Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 279). Hb. Kew. wu 2 148 COMPOSITE. 78, ENGELMANNIA, | Engelmannia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 283, non Ki]. nec Pfeiff.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 351. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Engelmannia pinnatifida, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 283; Torr. Bot. Marcy Exped. t. 11. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Ojo Caliente, Chihuahua (Thurber), Buena Vista ( Gregg). Hb. Kew. 79. PARTHENIUM. Parthenium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1058; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii, p. 351. About seven shrubby and herbaceous species, inhabiting North America, Mexico, and the West Indies. 1. Parthenium argentatum, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 86. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis to San Antonio (Parry, 435). Hb. Kew. We are not certain whether this was collected within our limits, 2. Parthenium fruticosum, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 152; DO. Prodr. v. p. 532. South Mexico, Plan del Rio (Schtede & Deppe), Zacuapan (Linden, 477), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, in woods at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2123). Hb. Kew. 3. Parthenium hysterophorus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1402; DC. Prodr. v. p. 532. Villanova bipinnatifida, Ort. Dec. p. 48, t. 6. Argyrocheta bipinnatifida, Cav. Ie. iv. p. 54, t. 878. Lovistana; Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, near Parras and Buena Vista (Gregg), Monterey (Eaton § Edwards) ; Sovran Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 1145), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2558 ; Sallé), valleys of Cordova and Mexico (Bourgeau, 1554, 391), Jalapa (Coulter, 400)—Wesr Inpims and Cotompia to Cum and Urvevay; naturalized in India, Bourbon, Mauritius, &c. Hb. Kew. 4. Parthenium incanum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 260, t. 391; DC. Prodr. v. p. 532. Parthenium ramosissimum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 532. Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier, 1342), Camp Bowie (Rothrock), in various localities (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 434); Sours Mexico, mountains around Mexico (Berlandier, 632). Hb. Kew. 5. Parthenium tomentosum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 532. SoutH Mexico, between Oaxaca and Mitla (Andrieuaz, 281), Oaxaca, at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 2123). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 149° 80. AILOTHECA. Ailotheca, DC. Prodr. v, p. 508; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 352. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Ailotheca parthenioides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 508. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier, 1341). 81. PARTHENICE. Parthenice, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 85; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 352. A monotypic herb. 1. Parthenice mollis, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 85. Nortu Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright, Thurber). Hb. Kew. 82. IVA. Iva, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1059; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 352. About eight herbaceous species, inhabiting North America, Mexico, and the West Indies. 1. Iva asperifolia, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 151. SourH Mexico, pastures near Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Iva dealbata, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 104. New Mexico.—Norra Muxico, Chihuahua (Thurber), Leon springs (Bigelow). Hb. Kew. 83. DICORIA. Dicoria, Torr. & Gray in Emory Rep. p. 148, ex A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. U.S. and Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 86, t. 30; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. p. 353. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Dicoria brandegei, Torr. & Gray, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 86, t. 30. Norru Mexico, valley of the Gila (Emory). Hb. Kew. | 84. EUPHROSYNE. Euphrosyne, DC. Prodr. v. p. 580 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 353. An herbaceous monotype. | 1. Euphrosyne parthenifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 530; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 28. Sourn Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 587), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 158), near San Angel (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 150 COMPOSITA. 85. HYMENOCLEA. Hymenoclea, Torr. et Gray in Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 79; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 354. Two shrubby species, inhabiting the countries immediately to the north of Mexico, and one extending into Mexico. 1. Hymenoclea monogyra, Torr. et Gray in Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 79. Cauirornia; New Mexico; Texas.—Norta Mexico, Ojito (Gregg), valley of the Gila (Zorrey), Chihuahua (Potts). Hb. Kew. 86. AMBROSIA. Ambrosia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1057; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 354. Bentham and Hooker estimate the number of species at about twelve, though many more have been proposed. They are herbs; and all, or nearly all, inhabit America, one or two being also very widely dispersed in the temperate and hot regions of the Old World. 1. Ambrosia artemisizfolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1401; Lamk. Ill. t. 765. £1; DC. Prodr. v. p. 526. | . | A common plant from New Jersry and the Rocky Mountains, southward to—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 4334), Mata- moros (Berlandier); Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2810), Morelia, 6000 feet (Galeotti, 285), Tacubaya (Schaffner); Nicaragua, Tortuga (Grsted).— Southward to Urvevay and in the Wust Inpies; also in the SANDWICH IsLANDS, where, however, it may have been introduced. Hb. Kew. 2. Ambrosia cheiranthifolia, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 87. NortH Mexico, San Fernando, Coahuila (Berlandier, 1543, 3043). 3. Ambrosia confertiflora, DC. Prodr. v. p. 526. Norra Mexico, Matamoros (Berlandier, 2297). 4, Ambrosia fruticosa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 525. NortH Mexico, Tamaulipas (Berlandier). Var. Canescens, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 17. . Nortu Mexico, Zacatecas (Coulter, 395); South Muxico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 121). Hb. Kew. 5. Ambrosia peruviana, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 377; DC. Prodr. v. p. 526. Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Henke).—Perv. There is some doubt respecting the identity of the Mexican and Peruvian plants. COMPOSITA. 4161 6. Ambrosia psilostachya, DC. Prodr. v. p. 526. Texas.—Norta Mzxico, between San Fernando and Matamoros (Berlandier, 2280), Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. 87. FRANSERIA. Franseria, Cav. Ic. ii. p. 78, t. 200; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 354. About ten herbaceous and half-shrubby species, restricted to North America and Peru and Chili. 1. Franseria ambrosioides, Cav. Ic. ii. p. 79, t. 200; A. Gr. in Bot. Calif. i. p. 346. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2036); not rare in Mexico (ex A. Gray, loc. cit.). Hb. Kew. 2. Franseria deltoidea, Torr. Pl. Fremont. p. 15, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 87. CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, common on the Gila (ex Torrey). 3. Franseria dumosa, A. Gr. in Rep. Frem. 2nd. Exped. p. 316, et in Bot. Calif. i. p. 340. Franseria albicaulis, Torr. Pl. Fremont. p. 16. Ca.Lirornia.—NortH Mexico, Sonora. 4. Franseria hookeriana, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. p. 345 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 293. Ambrosia acanthicarpa, Hook. F1. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 309. SASKATCHEWAN southward to—Norru Mexico, El Paso to Sonora, common; valley west of the Chiricahui Mountains. Hb. Kew. | 5. Franseria tenuifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 80, et in Bot. Calif. i. p. 346. Catirornia ; Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (ex A. Gray), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 433). Hb. Kew. 88. XANTHIUM. Xanthium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1056; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 355. Annual herbs, one or two of which are now widely diffused in warm and temperate regions, though believed to have originally spread from America. Wallroth has described twenty-one species, which Bentham and Hooker would reduce to four. 1. Xanthium macrocarpum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 523. | Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 943), without locality (Graham).—Widely dispersed in TRopicaL AMERICA, and also in some parts of the OLD Worip. Hb. Kew. 152 .COMPOSITA. [Xanthium spinosum, Linn., the commonest species all over the world, may ebe expected to occur in Mexico. | 89. TRAGOCEROS. Tragoceros, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 248, t. 385; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 356. An exclusively Mexican and Central-American genus of annual herbs. 1. Tragoceros flavicomum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 533. Sout Mexico, near Tehuantepec, Chiguitan, and Iztaltepec (Alaman). 2. Tragoceros microglossum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 533. Souta Mexico, Leon, beyond Guanajuato (Mendez); GuatemMata, Santa Catarina (Bernoulli, 770). Hb. Kew. 3. Tragoceros schiedeanum, Less. in Linnea, ix. p. 269. Souta Mexico, Malpays de Naulingo (Schiede & Deppe). 4, Tragoceros zinnioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 249, t. 385. Zinnia bicuspis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 535, et Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 578. SoutH Mexico, between Ario, Aguasarca, and Volcan de Jorullo, 2400 to 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Ario, Michoacan (Galeotti, 2455); Nicaragua, Granada (Grsted, 227). Hb. Kew. 90. PHILACTIS. Philactis, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Gott. 1881, ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 584; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 356. An exclusively Mexican genus of herbs. 1. Philactis longipes, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 35. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 465). Hb. Kew. 2. Philactis zinnioides, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1831; DC. Prodr. v. p. 534. Mexico. 91. ZINNIA. Zinnia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 974; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 357. About a dozen herbaceous and half-shrubby species, inhabiting Mexico and the countries immediately to the north. Two or three species have become naturalized in other countries. 1. Zinnia acerosa, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 105. Diplothriz acerosa, DC. Prody. v. p. 611. Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier), Hb. Kew. COMPOSITE. 153 2. Zinnia angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 251. _ Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1489, in part); Soura Mexico, near Guanajuato, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), black sands near the foot of the Volcan de Jorullo, at 3000 feet, near Uruapan, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2409, 2452) ; NicaRraeva, Realejo (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 3. Zinnia anomala, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 105. _ Texas; New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Monterey (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. 4, Zinnia bicolor, Hemsley. Mendezia bicolor, DC. Prodr. v. p. 5383; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 29. _ Nort Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1489, in part), Mazatlan (Seemann, Coulter, 335); Sourn Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). Hb. Kew. Bentham and Hooker (Gen. Plant. ii. p. 381) refer Mendezia bicolor to Spilanthes ; but having very carefully examined Coulter and Seemann’s specimens which were referred to Zinnia, in Kew herbarium, we identify them with Delessert’s figure, and we think it should be referred to this genus. Coulter and Seemann’s specimens have rather broader leaves, and are much more branched than the plant figured; but in floral structure they agree almost exactly. The disk-flowers in Coulter’s specimens are bidentate and uniaristate, whilst in Seemann’s the awn appears to be always wanting. 5. Zinnia elegans, Jacq. Coll. iii. p. 152, et Ic. Pl. Rar. t.589; Bot. Mag. t. 527. Soutu Mexico, Ziticuaro (Hartweq), around Cuernavaca (Berlandier), without localities (Parkinson, Bates, Karwinski.) Tb. Kew. Cultivated and naturalized in other countries. 6. Zinnia grandiflora, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. ii. p. 298; Emory, Reconn. Calif. t. 4. Cotorapo; ARizonA; New Mexico; Trexas.——Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts). Hb. Kew. . 7. Zinnia intermedia, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 23. Norra Mexico, common around Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus). Hb. Kew. 8. Zinnia juniperifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 106. Diplothriz juniperifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 611. Norta Mexico, near San Luis Potosi (Berlandier), near Buena Vista (Gregg, 68). Hb. Kew. 9. Zinnia leptopoda, DC. Prodr. v. p. 535. Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1187, 1188), Tlacolola, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 314), Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 500), Cordillera of Oaxaca, in fields of maize at 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2106, 3116); Guatemaza, valley of the Motagua (Salvin & Godman). Hb. Kew. | . | BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. x 154 COMPOSITA. 10. Zinnia linearis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 17. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 441); Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 11. Zinnia maritima, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 251. SourH Mexico, sandy sea-shore, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). 12. Zinnia multiflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1269; Linn. fil. Dec. p. 23, t. 12; Bot. Mag. t. 149. | Lovistana; Texas.—Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 444), Velasco (Hartweg), Orizaba (Botteri, 1186). Hb. Kew. 13. Zinnia pauciflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1269; Lam. Ill. t. 685. fig. 1; DC. Prodr. Vv. p. 030. Mexico ? 14, Zinnia pumila, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 81. New Mexico; Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains (Zorrey), Buena Vista (Gregg), Chihuahua (Potts), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 439, 440). Hb. Kew. 15. Zinnia tenuiflora, Jacq. Ic. Rar. iii. t. 590; DC. Prodr. v. p. 535; Bot. Mag. t. 555. Norra Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (Schott, Thurber), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 438); Sourn Mexico, Tlalpujahua (Keer/), Tacu- baya (Schaffner), Puerto de Santa Cruz (Liebmann, 293), near Cinapequara, Valladolid, Guanajuato &c., at 5400 to 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 16. Zinnia verticillata, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 189. Mexico. Hb. Kew. Probably a robust cultivated state of Z. elegans. 92. SANVITALIA. Sanvitalia, Lam. Journ. d’Hist. Nat. ii. p. 176, t. 33; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 357. Lorentea, Ort. Dec. p. 41, t.5, non Less. About nine herbaceous and low shrubby species, inhabiting Mexico and the countries immediately to the north, and one herbaceous species in Eastern Extratropical South America. 1. Sanvitalia acapulcensis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 358. Anaitis acapulcensis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 629. SoutH Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). COMPOSIT 2. 155 2. Sanvitalia acinifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 628. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 442). Hb. Kew. 8. Sanvitalia angustifolia, Engelm. ex A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 112. Norta Mexico, near Buena Vista (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. 4, Sanvitalia fruticosa, Hemsley, n. sp. Ramis brevibus, foliis angustis, capitulis breviter pedunculatis, involucri bracteis 2-3 extimis foli- -aceis, paleis calloso-acuminatis, radii stylis longiuscule exsertis, acheniis omnibus saltem junioribus puberulis. Frutex nanus (exempl. Galeott. miserum 38-pollicare), dense ramosus, ramis brevibus, graciliusculis. Folia subsessilia, crassiuscula, 6-10 lineas longa, oblonga et integra vel sepe ad medium trilobata, utrinque albo-strigosa, scabrida, lobis lateralibus quam terminalis multoties brevioribus. Capitula parva, breviter pedunculata; involucri bractee 2-3 extime foliacez, ceterz subscariosz, oblong vel rotundate, ciliate, calloso-mucronate ; receptaculum conicum ; paleze apice callosze, complicatz, flores disci amplectentes et zquilonge. Flores radii 2 ; corolla ligulate, persistentes, 9-striate, ad 2 lineas longe et lineam late, apice leviter bifide ; styli longiuscule exserti; achenia puberula (matura non visa), triquetra, triaristata, aristis rigidis, ligulis brevioribus. Flores disci % acheniis puberulis, compressis, sepissime biaristatis. - Sovran Mexico, cactiferous mountains of Tehuacan, 5500 feet (Galeotti, 2121). Hb. Kew. | Notwithstanding the discrepancies in the description, this must be closely allied to Anaitis acapulcensis, DC., of which, indeed, it may possibly be a stunted condition. 5. Sanvitalia ocymoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 628. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts), Zacatecas (Coulter, 358). Hb. Kew. 6. Sanvitalia procumbens, Lam. Journ. d’Hist. Nat. ii. p. 176, t. 83; IL. t. 686; Bot. Reg. t. 707. Sanvitalia villosa, Cav. Ic. iv. t. 35. Lorentea atropurpurea, Ort. Dec. p. 41, t. 5. Soura Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 300), near Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 153; Schaffner), Tehuacan, 5000 feet (Galeotti, 2120), Vera Cruz (Linden, 476), Zimapan and Real del Monte (Coulter, 336). Hb. Kew. 7. Sanvitalia tragiefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 628. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieuxr, “3001” ex DC., 3011). 93. HELIOPSIS. Heliopsis, Pers. Syn. Plant. ii. p. 473 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 1. p. 358. About six herbaceous species in North America, including Mexico, and one of them extending into South America. x2 156 COMPOSITAE. 1. Heliopsis annua, Hemsley, n. sp. Nana, diffusa, ramis crassiusculis, foliis ovato-oblongis obtusis parce strigillosis, capitulis parvis breviter pedunculatis, ligulis parvis suborbicularibus, radii acheniis crassis scrobiculatis, disci compressis. Herba annua, diffusa, semipedalis (specimen unicum tantum visum), a basi ramosa, ramis bifariam puberulis, crassiusculis. Folia opposita, petiolata, crassiuscula, ovata vel oblonga, 1-2-polli- caria, remotiuscule calloso-denticulata, obtusa, basi cuneata, subtrinervia, utrinque parce strigillosa. Capitula terminalia et axillaria, 6-8 lineas diametro ; pedunculi sulcati, 1—2-polli- cares; involucri bractez ovato-elliptice, 3-seriate, subscariose, puberule; receptaculum conicum ; pale complicate, floribus longiores. Flores radii pauci ; corolle ligule suborbicu- lares, ad lineam longx, tridentate, dente intermedio breviore ; achenia subtrigona, crassa, scrobiculata, puberula. Flores disci paleis breviores ; achenia compressa, puberula. Nort Mexico, Zacatecas (Coulter, 358). Hb. Kew. 2. Heliopsis buphthalmoides, Dun. in Mém. Mus. v. p. 57; DC. Prodr. v. p. 550. Heliopsis canescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 212; Bot. Reg. t. 592. Anthemis ovalifolia, Ort. Dec. p. 73. Anthemis buphthalmoides, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. t. 151. Andrieuxia mexicana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 559; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 31. Nort Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 431); Sours Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieur, 303), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2392, 2562; Miiller, 144), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 2277).— CotomBia to Perv. Hb. Kew. 3. Heliopsis parvifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 86. Nort Mexico, between Babocomori and Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright), Chiricahua South Arizona (Rothrock). Hb. Kew. 2, 4. Heliopsis procumbens, Hemsley, n. sp. | Procumbens, glabrescens, foliis parvis ovato-oblongis vel inferioribus fere orbicularibus, radii floribus ad 9, ligulis oblongo-ellipticis, acheniis striatis radii subtrigonis disci subtetragonis. Herba perennis, procumbens, ramosa, ramis gracilibus, puberulis. Folia opposita, petiolata, membranacea, ovata, oblonga vel inferiora fere orbicularia, 4-14 poll. longa, integra vel obscure paucidentata, glabra vel cito glabrescentia, subtrinervia. Capitula solitaria, terminalia vel axillaria ;\ pedunculi usque ad semipedales ; involucri bractez biseriate, herbacez, oblonge, obtusiuscule ; receptaculum conicum ; pales complicate, apice callose, floribus paullo brevi- ores. Flores radii ad 9, uniseriati; ligule 9-striatze, late, 5-6 lineas longe ; achenia subtrigona, striata, glabra. Flores disci numerosissimi ; achenia subtetragona, cetera ut in radiis. Soutn Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 837). Hb. Kew. Associated with the habit of Sanvitalia this has the exaristate achenes and conical receptacle of Heliopsis. 94. AGANIPPEA. Aganippea, DC. Prodyr. vi. p. 3 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 358. Heliogenes, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 42. Herbaceous plants. ‘The genus is endemic in Mexico. COMPOSITZ. 157 1. Aganippea bellidifiora, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 3; Calg. des Dess. Fl. Mex. 700; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1117. Heliogenes longifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 42. NortH MExico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 430); Sourn Mexico, Regla (Hartweg, 323), near the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 363), Tacu- baya (Bourgeau, 145). Hb. Kew. 2. Aganippea dentata, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 3. South Mexico, Regla (Hartweg, 322), near the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 901). Hb. Kew. 95. RUMFORDIA. Rumfordia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 549; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 359. A shrubby monotype. 1. Rumfordia floribunda, DC. Prodr. v. p. 550; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 30. Sovra Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1100), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2020), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 96. SIEGESBECKIA. Siegesbeckia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 973; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 359. Glandular annual herbs. Bentham and Hooker (doc. cit.) reduce the species to two— one widely dispersed in warm countries, and the other American. 1. Siegesbeckia flosculosa, L’Hérit. Stirp. Nov. p. 37, t. 19. Siegesbeckia agrestis, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. t. 256. GuaTEMALA, Coban (Tiirckheim, 387).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 2. Siegesbeckia orientalis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1269; Hort. Cliff. t. 23. Siegesbeckia cordifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 288. Siegesbeckia jorullensis, H. B. K. loc. cit. p. 284; Bot. Reg. t. 1061. Siegesbeckia droseroides, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 203. Generally dispersed in warm countries, and common in Mexico and CENTRAL AMERICA. Hb. Kew. 97. JZIGERIA. Jegeria, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 277; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 360. An exclusively American genus of herbs, ranging from Mexico to Buenos Ayres. About six species are known. 1. Jegeria hirta, Less. Syn. p. 223; DC. Prodr. v. p. 544. Acmella hirta, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 30. Sour Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 50, 1553), Cordillera of Vera Cruz 158 COMPOSITA. (Galeotti, 2317; Linden, 1221), valley of Mexico (Schaffner); GuatTEMaLA, Volcan de Fuego, 8300 feet (Salvin); Costa Rica, San José (Grsted).—Southward to Peru and Uruauay. Hb. Kew. 2. Jegeria macrocephala, Less. Syn. p. 223; Linnea, ix. p. 270. Souta Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). | 3. Jegeria mnioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 278, t. 400. Sout Mexico, Ario, 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland); Costa Rica (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 4, Jegeria pedunculata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 299. SovutH Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 5. Jegeria, sp. Sout Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1132). Hb. Kew. 98. ECLIPTA. Eclipta, Linn. Mant. p. 157 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 361. Annual herbs, one species being generally dispersed in warm countries, a second inhabiting Australia, and a third South America. 1. Kclipta erecta, Linn. Mant. p. 286; DC. Prodr. v. p.490; Schk. Handb. t. 255. Eclipta brachypoda, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 180. Kentucky and ARKANSAS, southward through Mexico and Centra AMERIcA to SOUTH BraziL, and common in the OLD WorLD. Hb. Kew. 99. SELLOA. Selloa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 265; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 361. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Selloa plantaginea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 266, t. 395. South Mexico, between Aguasarco and Ario, at about 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). _— 100. AXINIPHYLLUM. Azxiniphyllum, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 1118; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 362. Two herbaceous species. 1. Axiniphyllum corymbosum, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1118. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2089). Hb. Kew. 2. Axiniphyllum tomentosum, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. sub t. 1118. Mexico, without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 159 101. ABASOLOA. Abasoloa, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Descr. i. p. 11; Benth et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 362. Herbaceous monotype. 1. Abasoloa taboada, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 11; DC. Prodr. vii. p. 253. Sours Mexico, San José del Corral, banks of the Huehueapa (La Liave). 102. ZALUZANIA. Zaluzania, Pers. Syn. ii. p. 473; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 362. Herbs and small shrubs, restricted to the Mexican region. 1. Zaluzania angusta, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1861, p. 563. Zaluzania megacephala, Schz. Bip. loc. cit. Ferdinanda angusta, Lag. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 31, t. 2. Ferdinanda lutescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 553. Anthemis lutescens, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 30. Chrysophania fastigiata, Kunth in Less. Syn. p. 224. Mexico, Cerro Ventoso (Hartweg, 321), Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 803), Guadalupe (Bilimek, 541), without locality (Aschenborn, Tate, Mackenzie). Hb. Kew. 2. Zaluzania asperrima, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1864, p. 218. Sourn Mexico, Chapulco (Liebmann, 544). Hb. Kew. 3. Zaluzania coulteri, Hemsley, Diag. Sp. Nov. pars altera, p. 33. (Tab. XLVI.) Ramis crassiusculis sulcatis, foliis amplis ovatis ellipticis vel fere rotundatis denticulatis, capitulis corymbosis, corollis ligulatis latis circiter 11-13-nerviis extus puberulis, corollis tubulosis basi inflatis, paleis complicatis hirsutis. Frutex, ramis rectis, elongatis, crassiusculis, sulcatis, junioribus pubescentibus. Folia alterna, subsessilia, ovato-oblonga, elliptica vel fere rotundata, 2-3 poll. longa et usque 24 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel fere truncata, et subito in petiolum brevissimum attenuata, apice mucronu- lata, margine calloso-denticulata, utrinque tomentosa, subtus albida. Capitula corymbosa ; involucri bractez oblong, obtusiuscule, uniseriate. Corolle ligulate emarginatz, circiter 11-18-nerviz, extus puberule. Corolle tubulose glabre, basi inflate, paleis complicatis paulo brevioribus hirsutis amplectentibus. Achenia glabra. Sourn Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 350). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLVI. Portions of plant, natural size. Fig.1,a pale; 2, hermaphrait flower ; 3, style of ditto ; 4, stamen ; 5, a ligulate flower ; 6, style of ditto: all enlarged. | 4. Zaluzania globosa, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1861, p. 564. Anthemis globosa, Ort. Dec. p. 46 ; Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. iii. t. 371. oe Chiliophyllum globosum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 554. Zaluzania myriophylla, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1861, p. 565. 160 COMPOSITA. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 527) ; Sout Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 111), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 385). Hb. Kew. 5. Zaluzania mollissima, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 35. "Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 446). Hb. Kew. 6. Zaluzania, montagnefolia, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1861, p. 563. Ferdinanda montagnefolia, Schz. Bip. in Koch’s Berl. allgem. Gartenz. 1858, p. 179. Sour Mexico, between Vera Cruz and Orizaba (Miller, 293). Hb. Kew. 7. Zaluzania triloba, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 473; DC. Prody. v. p. 553. Anthemis sinuata, Llay. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 30. Anthemis triloba, Ort. Dec. p. 72. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 445); South Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 405), Zimapan (Hartweg, 329), Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 704). Hb. Kew. 103. SABAZIA. Sabazia, Cass. Dict. xlvi. p. 480; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 362. Baziasa, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, p. 192. A genus of about eight herbaceous species, extending from Mexico to Colombia. 1. Sabazia humilis, Cass. Dict. xlvi. p. 481; DC. Prodr. v. p. 496. Eclipta humilis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 264, t. 394. Sour Mexico, near Ario and Pazcuaro, 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), San Nicolas, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 958). Hb. Kew. Bourgeau’s specimens are more than a foot high; but in other respects they look like the plant figured by H. B. K. 2. Sabazia microglossa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 497. Soutn Mexico, mountains around Mexico (Berlancier). B. puberula, DC. loc. cit. Sout Mexico, around Mexico (Berlandier). 3. Sabazia sarmentosa, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 148. South Mexico, Cerro Colorado (Schiede), peak of Orizaba, 9000 to 11 000 feet (Linden, 1122; Galeotti, 2167), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2036). Hb. Kew. We have not seen an authentic specimen of Lessing’s plant; and Linden and Galeotti’s specimens may belong to a different species. | COMPOSIT.A. . 161 4. Sabazia urticefolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 497. Wiborgia urticefolia, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 257, t. 389. Galinsoga urticefolia, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 102. Sour Mexico, plains of Quilo (Jurgensen, 260); Nicaragua, Granada (Girsted) ; Costa Rica, San José (Grsted).—-Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 104. VARILLA. Varilla, A. Gray, Pl. Fendl. in Mem. Amer. Acad. i. p. 106; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 363. The following and one Texan species ; both are undershrubs. 1. Varilla mexicana, A. Gr. in Mem. Amer. Acad. i. p. 106. NortH Mexico, between Pelayo and Cadena, Chihuahua ( Wislizenus), Parras (Gregq). 105. GYMNOLOMIA. Gymnolomia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 217; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 363. Gymnopsis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 561, pro parte. Heliomeris, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. ser. 2, i. p. 171. About twenty-one herbaceous and half-shrubby species, four or five of which are Tropical South American, and one is a native of Georgia. 1. Gymnolomia cinerascens, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 362. Zaluzania cinerascens, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1864, p. 219. | . SoutH Mexico, Mineral del Monte (Lhrenbergq). 2. Gymnolomia ensifolia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 362. Zaluzania ensifolia, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1864, p. 216. Montagnea ensifolia, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 304. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2007, in part). Hb. Kew. 3. Gymnolomia flava, Hemsley, n. sp. Strigilloso-pilosa, caulibus subsimplicibus, foliis caulinis inferioribus oppositis omnibus sessilibus lanceolato-oblongis remote calloso-denticulatis, corymbis oligocephalis, capitulis 14-2 poll. diametro longe pedunculatis, involucri bracteis interioribus subcoriaceis latioribus obovatis acuminatis ciliatis, paleis puberulis dorso ciliatis. Herba erecta, strigilloso-pilosa, ut videtur caulibus basi simplicibus. Folia caulina inferiora opposita, superiora alterna, omnia sessilia, lanceolato-oblonga, usque ad 3 poll. longa, obtusiuscula, basi angusta, subtrinervia, utrinque strigoso-pilosa, pilis rigidis basi tuberculatis. Capitula corym- bosa, longe pedunculata, fere 2 poll. diametro, corymbis oligocephalis ; involucri bractez 3-seriatee, subcoriace, apice callose, obtusiuscule, exteriores strigose, lanceolato-ovate, intermediz ovate, interiores latiores, obovate, acuminate ; receptaculum convexum ; palez complicatz, puberule, dorso ciliate, acuminate. Flores radii neutri, flavi, oblongi, 9-10 lineas longi. Flores disci numerosi, flavi ; corolle infundibuliformes, puberule. Achenia subtetragona, compressa, pallida, glabra. Sours Mexico, Oaxaca ((hiesbreght, 216). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. | y 162 COMPOSITA. 4. Gymnolomia ghiesbreghtii, Hemsley, n. sp. Scabrida, foliis caulinis brevissime petiolatis ovato-oblongis lanceolatisve denticulatis subtus inter venas pubescentibus inferioribus oppositis, capitulis paucis longe pedunculatis, involucri bracteis exterioribus minoribus squarrosis, interioribus subscariosis obovatis ciliatis, paleis striatis dorso ciliatis, floribus flavis, ligulis multistriatis, disci corollis pubescentibus, acheniis compressis glabris. Herba erecta, scabrida, ut videtur caulibus basi simplicibus, oligocephalis, striatis, purpureis. Folia caulina inferiora opposita, superiora alterna, omnia brevissime petiolata, crassiuscula, rigida, ovata, oblonga vel lanceolata, usque ad 3 poll. longa, obtusiuscula, subtrinervia, supra strigilloso- scabrida, subtus in nerviis venisque strigillosa, inter venas albido-pubescentia. Capitula longe pedunculata, circiter 14 poll. diametro, pedunculis subaphyllis sub involucro longe squamoso- pilosis ; involucri bractez 3-seriata, subcoriacez vel interiores fere scariose, ciliatz, obovate, exteriores breviores, calloso-acuminatz, squarrose, interiores apice rotundate ; receptaculum convexum ; palez complicate, striate, acuminate, dorso ciliate, floribus vix breviores. lores radii neutri, flavi; ligule oblongz, ad 9 lineas longe, apice subintegre, multistriate (13-15), leviter puberule. Flores disci numerosi, flavi; corollze infundibuliformes, pubescentes. Achenia compressa, atra, glabra. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght, 385). Hb. Kew. 5. Gymnolomia greggii, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 36. Nortu Mexico (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 6. Gymnolomia latibracteata, Hemsley, n. sp. Erecta ramosa, foliis omnibus (?) alternis subsessilibus lanceolatis subintegris, capitulis numerosis laxe corymbosis, involucri bracteis nonnullis amplis glabrescentibus, paleis tenuiter scariosis preter costam glabris apice sepissime 3-5-dentatis ; disci corollis infundibuliformibus hirsutis basi achenia obtegentibus. Herba erecta, ramosa, ramis striatulis, cito glabrescentibus. Folia caulina alterna, subsessilia, lanceolata, 8—5-pollicaria (superiora gradatim minora) utrinque valde attenuata, acuta, subtri- nervia, integra vel obscure denticulata, supra scabrida. Capitula numerosa, laxe corymbosa, pedunculis graciliusculis, erectis; involucri bracteze subcoriacee, resinifere, glabrescentes, exteriores lanceolate acute, interiores majores, oblongo-obovate, usque ad 5-6 lineas long et 2-8 lineas late ; receptaculum convexum vel fere conicum ; pales ample, tenues, subsca- riose, complicate, flores amplectentes, apice sepissime 3-5-dentate, costa leviter scabride. Flores radii neutri, pauci, 6—7 lineas longi. Flores disci numerosissimi; corolle infundibuli- formes, hirsute, basi achenia obtegentes. Achenia nigra, glabra, subtetragona, compressa. Nort Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1485). Hb. Kew. 7. Gymnolomia microcephala, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 153. Sout Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2090). Hb. Kew. 8. Gymnolomia multiflora, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 364. Heliomeris multiflora, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. ser. 2,1. p. 171; A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 87. Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Trexas.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Wright), Sierra Madre ( Wislizenus), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1102) ; Soura Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITE. | 163 9. Gymnolomia parkinsonii, Hemsley, n. sp. Caulibus simplicibus vel ramis elongatis, foliis alternis sessilibus scabridis anguste oblongis trinerviis calloso-dentatis, capitulis subglobosis 2-3 in apicibus ramorum aggregatis, involucri bracteis oblongis strigosis, paleis acutis apice rubro tinctis, ligulis brevibus ellipticis, acheniis basi obliquus. Herba ut videtur caulibus simplicibus, rectis, rigidis, strigillosis, in parte superiore subnudis, apice 2-3-capitulatis. Folia omnia alterna, sessilia, crassiuscula, rigida, anguste oblonga, usque ad 3 poll. longa, obtusa, prominenter trinervia, utrinque strigoso-scabrida, superiora ad bracteas parvas distantes reducta. Capitula subglobosa, terminalia 1 poll. diametro, lateralia minora breviter pedunculata ; involucri bractee 2-3-seriatz, consimiles, oblong, ad 3 lineas long, acute, strigose; receptaculum conicum; palez scariose, complicate, flores amplectentes, glabree, acute, apice rubro tincte, floribus paullo breviores. Flores omnes rubri vel purpurei, radi circiter 9, neutri; ligule elliptice, tridentate, 24-3 lineas longe. Flores disci numero- sissimi; corolle infundibuliformes, puberule, basi achenia obtegentes. Achenia pallida, glabra, valde compressa, fere plana, basi obliqua. Mexico, without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 10. Gymnolomia patens, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. v. p. 182. Wedelia cordata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 4385. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1099); Souta Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 95), Orizaba (Botteri, 505, 871, 1178); Guatemata, Sapote (Bernoulli, 242). Hb. Kew. | 11. Gymnolomia pinnatilobata, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 362. Zaluzania pinnatilobata, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1864, p. 219. Sout Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann, 384), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 5500 feet (Galeotti, 2124). Hb. Kew. 12. Gymnolomia rudbeckioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 219, t. 374. Gymnopsis costaricensis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 90. Gymnopsis vulcanica, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 157. Soutn Mzxico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7500 feet (Galeotti, 2090); Costa Rica, Agua- cate and Ujaras (sted); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1588). Hb. Kew. 13. Gymnolomia squarrosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 362. Zaluzania squarrosa, Schz. Bip. in Flora, 1864, p. 217. SourH Mexico, Guadalaxara (Oliva). 14. Gymnolomia subflexuosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 364. Wedelia subflexuosa, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 4:35. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 435); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 15. Gymnolomia tenuifolia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 364. Heliomeris tenuifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 84. Norta Mexico, Rinconada, Saltillo, Mapimi and Andabazo (Gregg, 317, 477), Durango (Thurber). Hb. Kew. . . | y 2 164 ; COMPOSITE. 106. SCLEROCARPUS. Sclerocarpus, Jacq. in Act. Helvet. ix. p. 84; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 364. This genus comprises about a dozen herbaceous species, inhabiting Tropical Asia and Africa and the warmer parts of America. 1. Sclerocarpus dentatus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 364. Gymnopsis dentata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 561. Aldama dentata, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 14. Sours Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2683, 3343 ; Sallé), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 2062), Jalapa (Coulter, 360), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1626), Campeche, Yucatan (Linden, 1246). Hb. Kew. There may be more than one species included under the above numbers. 2. Sclerocarpus divaricatus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 364. Gymnopsis divaricata, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 116. GuatemaLa (friedrichsthal); Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. Probably a variety of the foregoing. 3. Sclerocarpus schiedeanus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 364. Aldama dentata, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 154, nec Liav. et Lex. Gymnopsis schiedeana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 561. SourtH Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 4, Sclerocarpus uniserialis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. ii. p. 364. Gymnopsis uniserialis, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 145. New Mexico; Texas.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 4672; Palmer, 1104), Tamaulipas (Berlandier), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 107. MONTANOA. Montanoa, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Gen. Mex. ii. p. 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 364. Montagnea, DC. Prodr. v. p. 564. Shrubby, or sometimes arboreous. Bentham and Hooker estimate the species at about fourteen, ranging from Mexico to Colombia. Several of the following are only very imperfectly described; and the total number of species growing within our region is probably less than half the number enumerated below. 1. Montanoa arborescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. Montanoa atriplicifolia, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 304. Verbesina atriplicifolia, Juss. et Desf., ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 613. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2012); Mexico, without locality (Mairet, Late, Parkinson), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. Schultz Bipontinus, in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 304, reduces this to his M. atri- plicifolia, apparently on the ground of adopting the oldest specific name. COMPOSIT2. 165 2. Montanoa aschenbornii, Sch. Bip. ; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 407. Mexico (Aschenborn). 8. Montanoa bipinnatifida, Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 407. Uhdea bipinnatifida, Kunth, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1847, p. 13. Montanoa heracleifolia, Brongn.; André in Rev. Hort. 1863, p. 8369, cum ic. xylogr. Mexico (Uhde). Probably the same as I. grandiflora, DC. 4. Montanoa clematidea, Walp. in Linnza, xiv. p. 308; Rep. ii. p. 612. Mexico (Karwinsky). 5. Montanoa crenata, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 407. Mexico (De Berghes). 6. Montanoa elegans, Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 408. Mexico ? 7. Montanoa floribunda, DC. Prodr. v. p. 564. Eriocoma floribunda, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 267, t. 396. Sout Mexico, between Guadalupe and the city of Mexico, 7200 feet (Humboldt Sf Bonpland), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 6000 to 7000 feet ( Galeotti, 2008), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 706). Hb. Kew. 8. Montanoa frutescens, Mairet; DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. Mexico, without locality (Mairet, Tate, Aschenborn) ; Soura Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 592, 966), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4500 feet (Galeotti, 2049). Hb. Kew. 9. Montanoa gracilis, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 407. Mexico (Liebmann). 10. Montanoa grandiflora, DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. Mexico, without locality (Bates, Tate); Soura Mzxico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1199). Hb. Kew. 11. Montanoa grandiflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 19, non DC. SourH Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 134). Hb. Kew. This is very distinct from M. grandiflora, DC.; but we are unable to determine whether it has been described. 12. Montanoa hibiscifolia, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 89. GuATEMALA, base of Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman, 49), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 1203), Volcan de Fuego, 5000 feet (Salvin); Nicaraaua, Segovia (Grsted, 235); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Grsted, 134). Hb. Kew. 13. Montanoa karwinskii, DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. Mexico (Karwinski). 166 COMPOSITA. 14, Montanoa microcephala, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. SoutH Mexico, Ejutla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 15. Montanoa mollissima, Brongn. ; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 408. Mexico? 16. Montanoa olive, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. Souta Mexico, Guadalaxara (Oliva). 17. Montanoa pyramidata, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 408. SoutH Mexico, Guadalaxara (Oliva). 18. Montanoa speciosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. SoutH Mexico, Cuernavaca (Berlandier, 1057). 19. Montanoa ternifolia, Schz. Bip. ; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. Montanoa tomentosa y. ternifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 565. MEXICO. 20. Montanoa tomentosa, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii. p.11; DC. Prodr. v. p. 064. Montanoa heterophylla, Schrad. in Linnea, x. Literatur, p. 70. Eriocoma fragrans, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 44. Souta Mexico, Real del Monte (Née), Tlalpujahua (Heerl), at the cascade of Regla (Hartweg), Zacoalco &c. (Bourgeau, 501, 706), Chapulco and Tehuacan (Liebmann, 262, 264), Guadalupe (Bilimek). Hb. Kew. 21. Montanoa triloba, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. MExIco? 22. Montanoa uncinata, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. SoutH Mexico, Cumbre de Estepa (Liebmann, 484). Hb. Kew. 23. Montanoa xanthiifolia, Schz. Bip.; Koch, Wochenschr. vii. p. 406. Sour Mexico, Chacalepa Estato (Liebmann, 265). Hb. Kew. 24. Montanoa, sp. Sours Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2057). Hb. Kew. This is a very distinct species, having very numerous flower-heads in dense panicles. Each flower-head we examined contained only three disk-flowers, with no trace of ray-flowers. 108. ISOCARPHA. | Isocarpha, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. p. 110; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 365. About six herbaceous species, inhabiting the West Indies and Tropical America from Mexico to Peru. COMPOSIT A. 167 1. Isocarpha divaricata, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 110, t. 41. GuaTEMALA (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaragua (Grsted)—CotomBiaA; Peru. Hb. Kew. 2. Isocarpha echioides, Less. in Linnea, v. p. 141, t. 2. figg. 14-16. Soura Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). 3. Isocarpha oppositifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. p. 110; DC. Prodr. v. p. 107. , Dunantia achyranthes, DC. Prodr. vii. p. 291; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 87. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1095); Sourn Mexico, Conso- quitla (Liebmann, 458), Acapulco (Barclay); Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair) ; Nicaragua (@rsted).—Banamas; JAMAICA; TRINIDAD; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 109. RUDBECKIA. Rudbeckia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 980; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 365. An exclusively American genus of herbs, comprising about twenty-five species, all inhabiting North America. 1. Rudbeckia columnaris, Pursh, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 575; Bot. Mag. t. 1601. Obeliscaria columnaris, DC. Prodr. v. p. 559. SASKATCHEWAN, southward to Trexas.—Norta Mexico, without locality (Gregg, 339). Hb. Kew. 110. CHROMOLEPIS. Chromolepis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 40; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 366. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Chromolepis heterophylla, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 40. SoutH Mexico, Anganguio (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 111. WULFIA. Wulfia, Neck. Elem. i. p. 35 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 367. About six herbaceous species, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Wulfia platyglossa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 563. Chakiatella platyglossa, Cass. Dict. xlvi. p. 4038. Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 383).—Gutana; Braziz. Hb. Kew. 112. MIRASOLIA. Mirasolia, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, p. 305 (sub Tithonia calva) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 367. 168 COMPOSIT. ‘1. Mirasolia calva, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 368. Tithonia calva, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 305,=subgenus Mirasolia. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2045). Hb. Kew. 2. Mirasolia diversifolia, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. XLVII.) Robusta, foliis integris vel lobatis seepe trilobatis, capitulis maximis, pedunculis sursum incrassatis, acheniis appresse hirsutis, pappo paleolaceo, paleolis latis fimbrillatis persistentibus. Frutex grandis (Bourgeau), ramis crassiusculis, glabris vel glabrescentibus, striatis. Folia alterna, petiolata, membranacea, glabra vel puberula, ovata vel fere orbicularia, integra, 3-lobata vel 5-lobata, usque ad 9 poll. longa et 6 poll. lata, crenata, basi cuneata, acuminata (vel lobata, lobis acuminatis). Capitula homochroma, aurantiaca, usque ad 6 poll. diametro, terminalia vel lateralia, pedunculis elongatis, nudis, sursum incrassatis, fistulosis ; involucri bractez 2-3- seriate, glabre vel leviter puberule, scarioso-coriacex vel interiores membranacew, striate, exteriores fere orbiculares, interiores longiores, obovate; receptaculum fere hemisphericum ; paleze glabre, striate, complicate, abrupte acuminate, dorso carinate, floribus breviores ; ligule latze, neutre ; flores disci numerosissimi; corollz cylindrice, deorsum hirsute ; anther basi obtus, inappendiculate. Achenia claviformia, compressa, subtetragona, appresse hirsuta; pappus paleolaceus ; paleole szpe 6, ineequales, late, inter se libere, fimbrillate, longiores circiter lineam longe, persistentes. Sourh Mexico, abundant in the valley of Orizaba, also in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2319, 1562); Guaremata, Duefias (Fraser, Salvin). Hb. Kew. This differs from the other species in having an evident chaffy pappus. Though described as a shrub, it is probably a gigantic herb. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLVII. Fig. 1, portion of a ray-flower; 2, a disk-flower; 8, a pale; 4, an anther; 5, an achene: all enlarged. 3. Mirasolia scaberrima, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 368. Tithonia scaberrima, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 91. SoutH Mzxico, Zacuapan (Linden, 1158), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1851), Mirador (Liebmann, 251), Orizaba (Botteri, 1191); Guaremata, lower part of Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman), Volcan de Fuego, at 5300 feet (Salvin); Nicaracua, Segovia (Grsted, 141). Hb. Kew. . 113. IOSTEPHANE. Tostephane, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 368. An exclusively Mexican genus of scapose herbs. 1. Iostephane heterophylla, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 368. Coreopsis heterophylla, Cav. Ic. t. 268. Echinacea heterophylia, Don in Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 32. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 470) ; Sour Mexico, near San Angelo (Schaffner), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 602), Real del Monte (Coulter, 374). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 169 2. Iostephane trilobata, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis cordato-trilobatis, capitulis mediocribus, involucri bracteis densissime squamulosis, ligulis flavis?, acheniis glabris. Herba scaposa, scapo 2-cephalo, strigoso, 15 poll. alto. Folia longiuscule petiolata, crassiuscula, 24-5 poll. longa, inferiora minora indistincte trilobata, superiora cordato-ovata et profunde _trilobata, crenata, utrinque scrabrida, lobis lateralibus subquadratis, terminali ovato-orbiculari. Capitula vix 14 poll. diametro; involucri bractez 2-3-striate, lanceolate, acute, densissime albido-squamulose ; receptaculum conicum; palee ample, complicatz, flores involventes, striate, puberule, calloso-acuminate, floribus paullo longiores. Flores radii neutri, flavi? Flores disci flavi; corolla infundibuliformes, plus minusve pubescentes. Achenia glabra, obovata, compressa, striata, basi obliqua, fusca. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 101). Hb. Kew. 114. BORRICHIA. Borrichia, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 180; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 368. Two or three shrubby species, restricted to the warmer parts of America and the West Indies. 1. Borrichia frutescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 489. Diomedea bidentata, Cass. Dict. xiii. p. 283; Dill. Hort. Hlth. i. t. 38. fig. 44; Catesb. Carol. i. t. 93. | Trimetra ficoidea, Mog.; DC. Prodr. vii. p. 262 ; Calques des Dess. Fl. Mex. 676? Carouina to Froripa; Texas.—Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1105), Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann, 397).—Brrmupa; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 115. BLAINVILLEA. Blainvillea, Cass. Dict. xxix. p. 493; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 369. About ten herbaceous species, scattered over the tropics. 1. Blainvillea tampicana, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 370. Oligogyne tampicana, DC. Prodr. v. p. 629 ; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 38. Calyptocarpus vialis, Less. Synop. p. 221. Norra Mexico, Matamoros (Berlandier), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 443); Sours Mexico, Real del Monte to Zimapan (Coulter, 332) ; Nicaragua (Grsted, 147); Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky), without locality (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 116. WEDELIA. Wedelia, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 217, t. 130 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. u. p. 370. This genus comprises between forty and fifty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, generally dispersed in warm countries. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. Zz 170 COMPOSIT. 1. Wedelia acapulcensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 215. Sovru Mxxico, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland); Panama, Paraiso (8. Hayes, 528). —Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. 2. Wedelia carnosa, Rich.; Pers. Ench. ii. p. 490; DC. Prodr. v. p. 538. Guatemaa (Friedrichsthal) ; Nicaracua, Granada (@rsted, 102); Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 570), Chagres (Fendler, 168).—Throughout the West Inprzs and in Eastern Soutn America. Hb. Kew. 3. Wedelia filipes, Hemsley, n. sp. Procumbens, scabrida, foliis sepe obscure trilobatis, pedunculis gracilibus, capitulis parvis, involucri bracteis interioribus omnino scariosis, paleis apice dilatatis coloratis, corollis glabris, acheniis puberulis clavatis estriatis, pappo brevi cyathiformi fimbrillato. Herba procumbens, strigilloso-scabrida. Folia petiolata, rhomboideo-ovata, 2-3 poll. longa, sepe obscure trilobata, irregulariter calloso-denticulata, lobis lateralibus brevissimis. Capitula ad. 1 poll. diametro, pedunculata, pedunculis gracilibus, axillaribus, solitariis vel 2-3 aggregatis, 13-2 poll. longis ; involucri bracteze 2-3-seriate, exteriores longiores, ovato-lanceolatz, strigose, interiores omnino scariose, tenues, oblonge, fimbrillate ; receptaculum convexum; pale glabree, complicatze, apice dilatate, colorate, flores sequantes vel superantes. Flores radit 10-12, aurantiaci; ligule oblongo-elliptice, apice emarginate, glabre. Flores disci numerosi, aurantiaci; corolle graciles, infundibuliformes, glabree. Achenia brunnea, clavata, leviter compressa, nec striata nec angulata, puberula, pilis brevibus, appressis, sursum spectantibus ; pappus brevis, cyathiformis, fimbrillatus. GUATEMALA, Duefas (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 4, Wedelia frutescens, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 217, t. 130; DC. Prodr. v. p. 541. Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 167).—Co.omBia; VENEZUELA; Guiana; West INDIES. Hb. Kew. 5. Wedelia hispida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 215, t. 871; Bot. Reg. t. 543; DC. Prodr. v. p. 539. Zexmenia texrana, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. 1. p. 112. Lipocheta texana, Torr. & Gr. Fl. N. Am. in. p. 357. Wirtgenia texana, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 304. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 449); Sovrn Mexico, valley of Tenochitl (Humboldt & Bonpland), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 594). Hb. Kew. This plant is either very variable in its pappus, or we have more than one species under this name, though the different specimens are identical in foliage. 6. Wedelia paludosa, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 538. Nicaracua, Greytown (ate, 27).—Southward to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. 7. Wedelia phyllocephala, Hemsley, n. sp. | Strigosa, foliis lanceolatis, capitulis ramulis terminalibus, involucri bracteis 4-5 exterioribus foli- aceis (maximis usque ad 13-2 poll. longis), acheniis 2-3-angulatis, angulis ciliatis, pappo 2-3. aristato. COMPOSIT.2. 171 Herba vel frutex, ramosus, ramis graciliusculis, rigidis, hispidis. Folia breviter petiolata, lanceolata, 13-3 poll. longa, obtusiuscula, integra, margine revoluta, subtrinervia, supra scabro-strigosa, subtus cinereo-tomentosa. Capitula terminalia, solitaria, multiflora; involucri bractese 3-4- seriatze, exteriores foliaceze, 14-2 poll. longe, supra scabro-strigose, subtus cinereo-tomentose, interiores scariosz, ciliate, puberule vel glabre ; receptaculum convexum ; pales complicate, scariose, apice dilatatze (coloratz ?), fimbrillate, glabre, flores equantes. Flores omnes fertiles, flavi. Achenia 2-3-angulata, angulis ciliatis ; pappus 2—5-aristatus ; ariste hispidule, inequales, longiores corollam fere equantes, breviores brevissime, squamiformes. ~GuatemaLa, Vera Paz, between San Cristobal and Rio Chisoy (Bernoulli, 1077). Hb. Kew. 8. Wedelia populifolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 435. Nicaraaua, Realejo (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 117. ELEUTHERANTHERA. Eleutheranthera, Poit., ex Bosc in Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. ed. 1, viii. p. 498, fide Cass. Dict. xxxv. p- 447; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 371. One annual species, widely dispersed in Tropical America and the West Indies. 1. Eleutheranthera ovata, Poit. loc. cit. Ogiera triplinervis, Cass. Dict. xxxv. p. 445. Wedelia discoidea, Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 728 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 548. Kegelia ruderalis, Schz. Bip. in Linnea, xxi. p. 245. Melampodium ruderale, Sw. F\. Ind. Oce. p. 1872. ° Gymnopsis microcephala, Gardn.; Walp. Ann. i. p. 856. Panama, common (S. Hayes, 193). Hb. Kew. 118. ASPILIA. Aspilia, Thouars, Gen. Nov. Madag. p. 12; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 371. About forty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical America, Africa, and Madagascar. 1. Aspilia mexicana, Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. ii. p. 372. Wirtgenia mexicana, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 304. Norrh Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2024). Hb. Kew. 2. Aspilia strigosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 372. Wedelia strigosa, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 435. | Sourn Mexico, Acapulco (Sinclair), Mirador (Linden, 464, 1153), woods near Jalapa, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2247). Hb. Kew. 119. ZEXMENIA. Zexmenia, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 13; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. u. ‘p. 373. A genus of about thirty species, inhabiting America from Texas to Peru and South z2 172 COMPOSITZ. Brazil; one species occurring in Cuba. ‘They are chiefly herbaceous or half-shrubby ; a few are climbing shrubs; and one is described as arboreous. 1. Zexmenia aurea, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 373. Wedelia? aurea, D. Don, Bot. Mag. t. 3384. Verbesina aurea, DC. Prodr. v. p. 613. Mexico (Graham, Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 2. Zexmenia brevifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 112. New Mexico.—Norti Mexico, hills near Messilas (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 451). Hb. Kew. 3. Zexmenia ceanothifolia, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. « ‘ Herald,’ p. 305. Verbesina ceanothifolia, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 2225. Lipocheta umbellata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 610; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 36. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 1132; Miller, 1683; Bourgeau, 3241), valley of Cordova and Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1930 bis, 1219), Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 4, Zexmenia costaricensis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 95. SourH Mexico, without locality (Beechey), Orizaba (Bilimek, 538); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Crsted); Panama, David, Veraguas (Seemann, 1587). Hb. Kew. The Mexican specimens may belong to a different species. 5. Zexmenia crocea, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 114. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). 6. Zexmenia fasciculata, Hemsley. Lipocheta fasciculata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 610. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1100); SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1932), Mirador (Liebmann, 378), Orizaba (Botteri, 1096), Cordil- lera of Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 2219). Hb. Kew. This is a very variable species as to the foliage, or we have more than one species under the name. 7. Zexmenia ghiesbreghtii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 113. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). 8. Zexmenia gnaphalioides, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 36. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Palmer, 1106). Hb. Kew. 9. Zexmenia greggii, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 113. SourH Mexico, between the city of Mexico and Mazatlan (Gregg). 10. Zexmenia helianthoides, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 113. Lasianthea helianthoides, Zuce. ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 608. Souta Mexico, Cuernavaca (Ghiesbreght, 150, 379), without locality (Karwinskt; Bates, 9). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA, 173 11. Zexmenia imbricata, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 306. Mexico (Henke). 12. Zexmenia lantanifolia, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, p. 305. Lipocheta lantanifolia, Schauer in Linnza, xix. p. 729. SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Aschenborn; Coulter, 326). Hb. Kew. 13. Zexmenia lindenii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 306. SoutH Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Linden, 1197). 14. Zexmenia longipes, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 95. Costa Rica, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted, 228). Hb. Kew. 15. Zexmenia macrocephala, Hemsley. Lipocheta macrocephala, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 436. South Mexico, Acapulco (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 16. Zexmenia microcephala, Hemsley, n. sp. Fruticosa, cinerea, scabrida, foliis ovato-lanceolatis rugosis, capitulis parvis ad 24-floris, corymbis oligocephalis, involucri bracteis decussatis interioribus apice coloratis, acheniis 2-3-alatis, alis sursum productis, aristis coherentibus. Frutex, ramis teretibus foliisque cinereo-scabridis. Folia breviter petiolata, crassiuscula, ovato- lanceolata, 14-4: poll. longa, minute calloso-serrulata, obtusiuscula, subtrinervia, supra rugosa, simul strigillosa, subtus strigillosa, pallidiora, venis elevatis. Capitula fasciculato-corymbosa, 4-8 aggregata, 4-5 lineas longa, 2-3 lineas lata, ad 24-flora, pedunculis gracilibus, usque ad 9 lineas longis ; involucri bractez seepe 12, decussate, subcoriacez, oblonge vel ovate, glabre- scentes, apice rotundatz, exteriores minores, interiores apice colorate; receptaculum fere planum ; pales membranacee, glabree, lacerato-lobate, lobo centrali longiore, lineari, obtuso, apice colorato. Flores radi szpe 4; ligule oblongo-elliptice, 2-3 lineas longe. Flores disci ad 20; corollz infundibuliformes, lobis hirsutis. Achenia glabra, 2—-3-alata ; ale ciliate, sursum product, aristis adherentes; squamule nulle.—Lipocheta umbellata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 436, non DC. Soutn Mexico, between San Blas and Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 17. Zexmenia monocephala, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 306. Lipocheta monocephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 610. SoutH Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Sartorius). 18. Zexmenia ovata, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 373. Tithonia ovata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3901. Mexico. 19. Zexmenia salvinii, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis late ovatis, capitulis paucis breviter pedunculatis, involucri bracteis decussatis 4 exterioribus strigosis amplis quam flores longioribus, acheniis 2—3-aristatis, aristis alatis, squamulis inter- mediis sepius nullis. Herba caulibus vel ramis crassiusculis, pilosis. Folia breviter petiolata, late ovata, 3-4 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata, acuminata, vix acuta, crenato-serrata, supra scaberrima, subtus pilosula. Capitula ad 1 poll. diametro, in apicibus ramorum solitaria vel 2-3 aggregata, breviter peduncu- “4 174 . COMPOSITA. lata; involucri bractez decussate, coriaceo-scariose, 4 exteriores strigosz, late, obovato- oblong, rotundatz, floribus disci longiores, interiores omnino scariose, glabra, angustiores ; receptaculum subplanum; pales membranaceo-scariose, complicate, acuminate, glabra, floribus fere dimidio breviores; corollz lobi puberuli. Achenia glabra, pallida, longiuscule 2-3-aristata, aristis inzequalibus, alatis; squamulz intermediz subnulle. | . Gvatema.a, Volcan de Fuego, 5300 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 20. Zexmenia scandens, Hemsley, n. sp. Ramis ferrugineo-pubescentibus, foliis ovato-oblongis scabridis, capitulis numerosis corymbosis, involucri bracteis imbricatis villosis, paleis apice.dilatatis puberulis, acheniis 2-3-alatis longe 2-3-aristatis. Frutex scandens, ramis oppositis, ferrugineo-pubescentibus. Folia petiolata, rigida, ovato-oblonga, 3-5 poll. longa (in ramulis ultimis minora), obtusiuscula, remote calloso-serrulata, supra scabrida, subtus pubescentia. Capitula homochroma, flava, in apices ramorum corymbosa, maxima fere 2 poll. diametro, breviter pedunculata; involucri bractee imbricate, 3—4-seriate, exteriores villosz, late ovate, obtusiuscule, interiores scariose, glabre, oblonge; receptaculum subplanum ; pale scariose, complicate, floribus breviores, apice dilatate, puberule ; ligule late ; corollze disci lobis puberulis. Achenia radii late 3-alata, longe 3-aristata, squamulifera, alis ciliatis vel fimbrillatis ; disci vix alata, sed longe 2-aristata. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1930). Hb. Kew. 21. Zexmenia seemannil, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 114. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre and the Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 2019, 1476). Hb. Kew. 22. Zexmenia serrata, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. i. p. 13. ‘Lipocheta? serrata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 611. SoutH Mexico, San José del Corral (La Lilave). 23. Zexmenia stenantha, Hemsley, n. sp. Strigosa, foliis late ovatis subtus villosulis, capitulis multifloris solitariis terminalibus pedunculatis, involucri bracteis decussatis, disci corollis gracilibus elongatis, acheniis biaristatis, radii triari- statis, arista interiore multoties longiore. Frutex, ramis graciliusculis, teretibus, primum puberulis, lenticellatis. Folia breviter petiolata, crassiuscula, late ovata vel elliptica, 14-2 poll. longa, breviter acuminata, obtusiuscula, calloso- serrulata, supra scabro-strigosa, pilis basi tuberculatis, subtus villosula, pallidiora. Capitula homochroma, rosea vel purpurea, multiflora, solitaria, terminalia, pedunculis 2-24 poll. longis ; involucri bractee ad 8, decussate, ovato-oblongz, exteriores strigose, interiores breviores, scarios ; receptaculum convexum ; pale membranaceo-scariose, acuminate, dorso ciliolate, exteriores plane, interiores complicate, acheniis paullo longiores. | Flores radii 10-12 ; ligule oblonge, bidentatz, 11-13-striate, ad 6 lineas longee. Flores disci graciles, 8-9 lineas longi ; corolle angustissime infundibuliformes, lobis hirs.tis. Achenia radii triangulata vel trialata, triaristata, plurisquamulata, arista interiore mulvoties longiore, angulis ciliolatis ; disci com- pressa, biaristata, aristis subequalibus, quam corolla multo brevioribus. SoutH Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1204). Hb. Kew. 24. Zexmenia strigosa, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 306. Lipocheta strigosa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 610. | South Mexico, around Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 313). COMPOSITA. 175 25. Zexmenia tagetiflora, D. Don; Steud. Nomen. Bot. ed. 2, pars 2, p. 798. Lipocheta tagetifiora, G. Don; Steud. Nomen. Bot. ed. 2, pars 1, p. 53. . - Mexico. We have not found any description of this plant. 26. Zexmenia trachylepis, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis scaberrimis crassiusculis ovato-oblongis, capitulis mediocribus paucis breviter pedunculatis, involucri bracteis nonnullis apice reflexis pagina superiore scabridis, paleis dorso-alatis apice dilatatis hirsutis, acheniis 2—3-aristatis, squamulis intermediis sat distinctis. Frutex, ramis teretibus, ferrugineo-furfuraceis. Folia petiolata, subcoriacea, ovato-oblonga, 3-43 poll. longa, obtusa, remotiuscule calloso-serrulata, supra scaberrima, subtus scabrida, venis prominulis. Capitula ad 9 lineas diametro, homochroma, flava, breviter pedunculata, seepe ternata, pedunculis communibus quam folia brevioribus ; involucri bractez ad 12, decussate, scarioso-coriacez, late, obtuse vel rotundate, concave, ciliate, exteriores extus leviter furfu- races, apice reflexee, pagina superiore scabrida; receptaculum subplanum; palee scariose, complicate, flores vix equantes, dorso alate, glabre, apice dilatate, rotundatz, hirsute. Flores puberuli. Achenia 2-3-aristate, 2-3-alate, multisquamulate ; aristze plus minusve inequales, floribus paullo breviores. Soutn Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 24). Hb. Kew. 27. Zexmenia villosa, Polak. in Linnea, xli. p. 579. Costa Rica, San José (Polakowsky). 28. Zexmenia zinnioides, Hemsley, n. sp. Ramis graciliusculis elongatis, foliis subsessilibus ovato-oblongis scabridis nitidis, capitulis termi- nalibus sepissime solitariis, paleis quam flores disci paullo brevioribus, acheniis latiuscule alatis, radii aristis omnibus brevibus. Frutex ? vel herba, ramis graciliusculis, elongatis, scabro-puberulis, interdum ferrugineis, striatis. Folia sessilia vel brevissime petiolata, rigida, ovato-oblonga, 2-3 poll. longa, acuta vel obtusi- uscula, calloso-serrulata, supra parce strigilloso-scabrida, nitida, subtus precipue in venis strigilloso-scabrida. Capitula homochroma, rosea vel purpurea, sepissime solitaria, terminalia, 13-14 poll. diametro, pedunculis 9-12 lineas longis; involucri bracteze ad 16, decussate, scarios, exteriores latez, acute, puberule, ciliate, interiores oblongze vel lineares, omnino glabra, apice colorate ; receptaculum convexum ; pale membranaceo-scariose, floribus paullo breviores, apice anguste spathulate, coloratz, dorso obscure ciliolatz. Flores radit 10-12, ligulis latis ; disci numerosi, corollis infundibuliformibus, lobis hirsutis. Achenia latiuscule 2-3-alata, 2-8-aristata; alee ciliolate, sursum producte, aristis adherentes, ariste 3 radii fere obsoletz, disci 2 inzequales, corollis fere triplo breviores. Nort Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1464.) Hb. Kew. 120. OYEDAA. Oyedea, DC. Prodr. v. p.576; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 374. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, comprising about twenty-four shrubby and herbaceous species. It would be better placed as a section of Zexmenia, as the only essential difference is that the ray-flowers are neuter. 176 COMPOSITZ. 1. Oyeda acuminata, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 374. Viguiera acuminata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 91. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 9000 feet ( (rsted). Hb. Kew. 2. Oyedwa ampeloides, Hemsley, n. sp. Scandens, fere glabra, foltis amplis ovatis parcissime hispidulis supra nitidis, corymbis oligocephalis longiuscule pedunculatis axillaribus terminalibusve, capitulis ad 2 poll. diametro, involucri bracteis herbaceis, ligulis angustis, paleis membranaceis obtusis carinatis, acheniis sepe 5-6- aristatis, aristis 2 multo longioribus. Frutex scandens, fere omnino glaber, ramis elongatis, asperulis. Folia longiuscule petiolata, sub- coriacea, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, in ramis floriferis usque ad 6 poll. longa, obtusiuscula, remotissime obsoleteque calloso-serrulata, utrinque parcissime hispidula, supra nitida (in vivis glutinosa?), subtus opaca, subtrinervia. Capitula homochroma, flava, ad 2 poll. diametro, corymbosa; corymbi axillares vel terminales, 3-5-flori, foliis equales vel longiores, vel pedun- culi superiores breviores, interdum monocephali ; involucri bracteze 2-3-seriatz, herbacez, appresse, plane, oblonge, obtuse ; receptaculum convexum; palee membranacex, glabre, complicate, obtuse, dorso carinate, floribus paullo breviores; ligule ad 12, anguste; disci corolle fere cylindrice, lobis hirsutis. Achenia compressa, claviformia, glabra, anguste Q-alata, sepe 6-aristata, alis ciliolatis, aristis in fasciculas duas aggregatis, et 2 multo longi- oribus. Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 2994). Hb. Kew. 3. Oyedea macrophylla, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 374. Viguiera macrophylla, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 92. Costa Rica, mountains of Aguacate (Ersted, 104). Hb. Kew. 4. Oyedea ovalifolia, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. v. p. 183. Sourn Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 97). Hb. Kew. 121. TITHONTA. Tithonia, Desf. in Ann. Mus. Par. i. p. 49, t. 4; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 374. Robust annual herbs, endemic in Mexico and Central America. 1. Tithonia aristata, Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 114. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted). 9. Tithonia recurrens, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 85. Norra Mexico, Cosiquiriachi, Chihuahua (Wislizenus). 3. Tithonia heterophylla, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 9. Panama, Isle of Taboga (Duchassaing). 4. Lithonia scaberrima, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 91. Nicaragua, Chionotega, Segovia, 5000 feet (Grsted). 5. Tithonia speciosa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 375. Helianthus speciosus, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3295. Leighia? speciosa, DC. Prodr. v. p.583.: COMPOSITE. 4 177 6. Tithonia tagetiflora, Desf. in Ann. Mus. Par. i. p. 48, t.4; Bot. Reg. t.591. SoutH Mexico, Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. There are also specimens in Kew herbarium labelled “ Realejo (Sinclair),” probably in error. 7. Tithonia thurberi, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. viii. p. 655. Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Thurber, 910). Hb. Kew. 8. Tithonia tubeformis, Cass. Dict. xxxv. p. 277; DC. Prodr. v. P. 584. Helianthus tubeformis, Ort. Dec. p. 101; Bot. Reg. t. 1519. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 456, 459), Zacatecas (Coulter, 372) ; Sour Mexico, Tacubaya, valley of Cordova, and valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 217, 1566, 3244); Guaremata (Bernoulli, 217). Hb. Kew. 9. Tithonia, sp. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 962). Hb. Kew. Perhaps a state of T. tubeformis. 121. VIGUIERA. Viguiera, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 224, t. 379; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 375. An exclusively American genus of about sixty herbaceous or half-shrubby species, dispersed from Mexico to Buenos Ayres. 1. Viguiera buddleizformis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 375. Helianthus buddleieformis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 588. Tithonia angustifolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 435. NortH Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1481); SourH Mexico, Tepic (Sinclair), Tacubaya (Schaffner, 159), San Nicolas and Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 965, 965 bis), about Villalpando (Mendez), without locality (Bates, Tate, Mairet, &c.). Hb. Kew. 2. Viguiera canescens, DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. SoutH Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). 3. Viguiera cordifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 107, ii. p. 88. New Mexico.—Norrs Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora, and Chihuahua, common (Wright). Hb. Kew. 4, Viguiera dentata, Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 15; DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. Helianthus dentatus, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 10, t. 220. - Mexico. 5. Viguiera excelsa, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p- 875. Helianthus excelsus, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 2243. Tithonia excelsa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 585. Helianthus giganteus, Cav. Ic. t. 219, non Linn. nec Lour. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IT., June 1881. 2a 178 COMPOSITA. South Mexico, San Angel and Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 843, 599), between Mexico and Queretaro (Berlandier, 1265). Hb. Kew. 6. Viguiera grammatoglossa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 580. Sours Mexico, Tlalpujahua (Keer!). 7. Viguiera helianthoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 226, t. 379. Viguiera laxa, DC. Prodr. v. p. 580; A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 89. Viguiera brevipes, DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. Viguiera texana, Torr. et Gr. Fl. N. Am. i. p. 318. | Trxas; Cusa.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 4714); SourH Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann), San Nicolas, Cuantepec, and Chapultepec (Bourgeau, 960, 1076, 513). Hb. Kew. 8. Viguiera, sp.? (Leighia? leptocephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 582). Mexico ? 9. Viguiera linearis, Schz. Bip. MSS. in hb. Kew. Leighia linearis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 581. Helianthus linearis, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 9, t. 218; Bot. Reg. t. 523. Helianthus squarrosus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. t. 377. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 434, 455); Sours Muxico, Chapultepec (Bilimek, 535), Pedregal, Santa Fé, and Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 849, 847, 708), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Queretaro (Née), Guanajuato, 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 10. Viguiera oppositipes, DC. Prodr. v. p. 580. MEXIco. 11. Viguiera pachycephala, Hemsley. Tithonia pachycephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 585. Sour Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). . 12. Viguiera prostrata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. Mexico? | 13. Viguiera rugosus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 375. Helianthus rugosus, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 728. Mexico (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. 14. Viguiera seemannii, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 305. Nortu Mxxico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2005). Hb. Kew. ; 15. Viguiera sessilfolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. Sour Mexico, Tlalpujahua (Keerl), Villalpando (Mendez), without locality (Parkin- son, Graham’). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. 179 16. Viguiera spherocephala, Hemsley. Leighia spherocephala, DC. Prodr. v. p. 582. Mexico (Alaman). 17. Viguiera triquetra, DC. Prodr. v. p. 579. SourH Mzxico, near San Angel (Alaman, Berlandier, 827, 937 ). 18. Viguiera urticiformis, Hemsley. Leighia urticiformis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 582. SoutH Mexico, near Guanajuato (Mendez). 19. Viguiera, sp. SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1222). Hb. Kew. 20. Viguiera, sp. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 467); SourH Mexico, Chapultepec (Bourgeau, 365). Hb. Kew. 122. HELIANTHUS. Helianthus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 979; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 376. An exclusively American genus of herbs, comprising about fifty species, chiefly north temperate, but extending southward to Peru and Chili. 1. Helianthus amplexicaulis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 589. SoutH Mexico, Leon, west of Guanajuato (Mendez). 2. Helianthus cernua, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 376. Flourensia cernua, DC. Prodr. v. p. 593. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Saltillo (Gregg), Monterey to Lampasos (Berlandier, 1401), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 469). Hb. Kew. | 3. Helianthus ciliaris, DC. Prodr. v. p. 587; A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. 1862, p. 164. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 4. Helianthus cornifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 223. SourH Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra, at 8700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 5. Helianthus laciniatus, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 84. Nortn Mexico, valley of Nazas, Bolson de Mapimi, and west of Coahuila (Gregg), valley of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 6. Helianthus laurifolius, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 376. Flourensia laurifolia, DC. Prodr. v. p. 592; Deless. Ic. Sel. iv. t. 35. NortH Mexico, between Vittoria and Tula (Berlandier, 2205), San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1109). Hb. Kew. 2a 2 180 COMPOSITA. 7. Helianthus longeradiatus,.Bertol. Fl. Guat. p. 36; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 618. GUATEMALA, Volcan de Agua (Velasquez). 8. Helianthus? mexicanus, Hemsley. Harpalium mexicanum, Walp. in Linnea, xiv. p. 306; Rep. ii. p. 616. Mexico (Karwinskt). 9. Helianthus micranthus, Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 618; DC. Prodr. v. p. 589. Helianthus parviflorus, H. B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 222, t. 378. Souta Mexico, Santa Rosa, 8700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 10. Helianthus occidentalis, Riddell, Suppl. Cat. Ohio Pl. p. 13; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. ii. p. 323. Oul0 to Wisconsin southward to Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 460). Hb. Kew. ' 11. Helianthus ovatus, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1828, p. 16, et in Linnea, v. p. 376. MEXIco. 12. Helianthus przecox, Engelm. & Gray, Pl. Lindheim. i. p. 13. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, around the city of Matamoros (Berlandier, 2354). Hb. Kew. 13. Helianthus quinqueradiatus, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 38, t. 272; DC. Prodr. v. p. 090. MExiIco. 14, Helianthus trilobatus, Link, Enum. Hort. Ber. ii. p. 352; DC. Prodr. v. p. 591. MEXICco. 15. Helianthus, sp. Nort MExtoo, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 452). Hb. Kew. 16. Helianthus, sp. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 453). Hb. Kew. 123. PERYMENIUM. Perymenium, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Gott. 1830, ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 608 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 377. About a dozen herbaceous and shrubby species, inhabiting America from Mexico to Peru. | 1. Perymenium barclayanum, DC. Prodr. v. p. 609. MEXIco. COMPOSITE. . 181 2. Perymenium berlandieri, DC. Prodr. v. p. 608. Soutn Mexico, mountains of Guichilapa (Berlandier, 1040). 3. Perymenium buphthalmoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 609. Mexico (Alaman). 4, Perymenium cervantesii, DC. Prodr. v. p. 609. Soutn Mexico, Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 378), Toluca, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 2415), Real del Monte (Coulter, 340), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. 5. Perymenium discolor, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Gcett. 1830; DC. Prodr. v. p. 608, excl. synon. Souta Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieur, 305), Orizaba (Botteri, 893; Bourgeau, 2927), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 1999). Hb. Kew. 6. Perymenium gracile, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis tenuibus minute strigillosis ovato-lanceolatis longiuscule graciliterque petiolatis, capitulis parvis paucifloris numerosis, pedunculis filiformibus, ligulis spe 5, acheniis punctulatis, pappi aristis inter se liberis subzqualibus. Frutex vel herba, ramis gracilibus, subtetragonis, obsolete puberulis. Folia graciliter petiolata, tenuia, ovato-lanceolata, usque ad 4 poll. longa, superiora gradatim minora, acutissima, remote minuteque calloso-serrulata, utrinque minute scabrido-strigillosa; petiolus usque ad semipolli- caris. Capitula numerosa, corymbosa (corymbis foliosis), parva (involucrum ad 2'‘lineas longum et 14 lineam latum), pauciflora ; pedunculi filiformes, 4—1 poll. longi; involucri bractee pluri- seriate, coriaceo-scariose, late, obtuse, ciliate, exteriores minores; receptaculum parvum ; palez scarios, complicate, carinate, lacerate, obtusz, floribus breviores; ligule sepe 5, ad 4 lineas longee. Achenia subtetragona, compressa, glabra vel leviter puberula, punctulata, basi angustiora, callosa; pappi aristee numerosz, subzequales, caducissime. SoutH Mexico, San Cristobal, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3206). Hb. Kew. 7. Perymenium grande, Hemsley, n. sp. Ramis crassiusculis furfuraceis, foliis amplis longe petiolatis crenato-serratis, capitulis corymbosis, acheniis 2-3-alatis, alis sursum productis pappo liberis, pappi aristis inzequalibus basi connatis. Frutex vel herba, ramis crassiusculis, subtetragonis, sulcatis, furfuraceis. Folia membranacea, longe petiolata, ovata, usque ad 9 poll. longa, acuminata, obtusa, crenato-serrata, supra scabrida, subtus puberula, triplinervia, venis subtus elevatis ; petiolus usque ad 2 poll. longus. Capitula numerosa, ad sesquipollicem diametro, in corymbos compositos terminales foliosos disposita ; pedunculi breves; involucri bractee 12-15, 3-4-seriatz, herbaceo-scariose, puberule, late ovate, oblonge, obtusz, vel interiores fere lineares et glabre ; receptaculum convexum ; palez scariose, complicate, integre, dorso alate, floribus breviores; ligule ad 7 ; disci corolle infun- dibuliformes, lobis leviter puberulis. Achenia radii 3-alata, disci 2-alata, compressa; alee cilio- latze, sursum product, pappo liberee; pappi arista numerose, caduct, basi connate, 2 szepe longiores. GuaTEeMALA, Alta Vera Paz, on mountains around Coban, at 4300 feet (Lurckheim). Hb. Kew. 182 COMPOSITZ. 8. Perymenium gymnolomoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 609. Lipotriche gymnolomoides, Less. in Linnza, vi. p. 408. Souto Mzxico, Misantla (Schiede & Deppe). 9. Perymenium mendezii, DC. Prodr. v. p. 608. Souta Mexico, Villalpanda (Mendez). 10. Perymenium parvifolium, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. xv. p. 36. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 475). Hb. Kew. | 11. Perymenium tenellum, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 36. Norty Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 450). Hb. Kew. 12. Perymenium verbesinoides, DC. Prodr. v. p. 608. Mexico (Berlandier). 13. Perymenium, sp. GuATEMALA, near Coban, 4300 feet (Tiirckheim, 339). Hb. Kew. 14, Perymenium, sp. ? Souta Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 563). Hb. Kew. 15. Perymenium, sp. | Soutn Mexico, San Nicolas, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 964). Hb. Kew. 16. Perymenium, sp. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 304). Hb. Kew. 17. Perymenium, sp. Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 329). Hb. Kew. 124. MELANTHERA. Melanthera, Rohr. in Skrivt. Nat. Selsk. Kidbenh. ii. p. 218; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 377. About eight herbaceous and shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical Africa and America. The species need revision. 1. Melanthera deltoidea, Rich. in Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 106 (sub Mela- nanthera); DC. Prody. v. p. 545. Calea aspera, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 583. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botéeri, 1192; Bourgeau, 2653), valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1878); Guatemaa, Rio Guacalate (Salvin); Nicaraaua (Tate, 22,169); Costa Rica, San José (Grsted, 125); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 164).—West Inpres and north part of Soura America. Hb. Kew. COMPOSITA. . 183 2. Melanthera hastata, Rich. in Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 106; DC. Prodr. v. p. 546. Fioripa.— Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson); Nicaraaua (Tate, 170); Costa Rica, San José (Grsted); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 165), Empire station (S. Hayes, 514).—West Inpies and north part of Soura America. Hb. Kew. 3. Melanthera lanceolata, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 88. Costa Rica, Santa Rosa, Guanacaste (@rsted, 120, 121). Hb. Kew. 4. Melanthera microphylla, Steetz in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 156. PANAMA, in pastures near the city of Panama (Seemann, 254). Hb. Kew. 5. Melanthera oxylepis, DC. Prodr. v. p. 545. Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair); Nicaraaua (Grsted, 124).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. — 6. Melanthera, sp. Sout Mexico, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1150, 1234; Galeotti, 2320), without locality (Jurgensen, 254). Hb. Kew. 125. ENCELIA. Encelia, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 128; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 378. This genus is endemic in America; and about twenty species are known, dispersed from Utah and California to Chili. 1. Encelia (Gerzea) albescens, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. viii. p. 658. NortH Mexico, Sonora (Palmer). 2. Encelia amplexicaulis, Hemsley. Simsia amplexicaulis, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 478; DC. Prodr. v. p. 578. Coreopsis amplexicaulis, Cav. Descr. Pl. p. 226; Ait. Hort. Kew. v. p. 184. MEXICO. 3. Encelia cordata, Hemsley. Simsia cordata, Cass. Dict. lix. p. 187; DC. Prodr. v. p. 578. Ximenesia cordata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 228. SoutH Mzxico, near Capula and Valladolid, Michoacan, 6300 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland). 4, Encelia exaristata, A. Gr. in litt. Simsia exaristata, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 87. | yok New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Wright) ( SoutH Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3320). Hb. Kew.) 5. Encelia foetida, Hemsley. Simsia ficifolia, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 478; DC. Prodr. v. p. 577. 184 COMPOSITZ. Coreopsis fetida, Cav. Ic. i. p. 55, t. 77. Aimenesia fetida, Spreng. Syst. iii. p. 606. Mexico. . Some of the specimens referred to HE. mexicana may belong to this species; or this may be the same species. 6. Encelia (Barrattia) ghiesbreghtii, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. viii. p- 658. Sourta Mexico, Chiapas ( Ghiesbreght). 7. Encelia grandiflora, Hemsley. Simsia grandiflora, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 92. Nicaraeva, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted, 100). Hb. Kew. 8. Encelia halimifolia, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 6, t. 210; DC. Prodr. v. p. 567. ‘“In Mexico ex Cav., sed verisim. potius in Perv.”—DC. loc. cit. 9. Encelia heterophylla, Hemsley. Simsia heterophylla, DC. Prodr. v. p. 577, non Cass. Ximenesia heterophylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 227, t. 280. South Muxtco, Zinepequaro, 5750 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier, 442; Coulter, 261). Hb. Kew. 10. Encelia hispida, Hemsley. Simsia hispida, Cass. Dict. lix. p. 187; DC. Prodr. v. p. 578. Ximenesia hispida, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 227. Sourh Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra and Valladolid, 5750 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 11. Encelia lagasczformis, A. Gr. in litt. Simsia lagasceformis, DC. Prody. v. p. 577. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 47 2); Souta Mexico, Guanajuato (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 12. Encelia mexicana, Mart., ex DC. Prodr. v. p. 578. Simsia auriculata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 577. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 47 1); Sout Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 850, 927), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 516, 850, 1078). Hb. Kew. 13. Encelia microphylla, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 37. NortH Mexico, near Saltillo (Parry & Palmer, 462). Hb. Kew. 14, Encelia polycephala, Hemsley. Simsia polycephala, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 93. Nicaragua, between Sapoa and Tortuga (sted, 160). Hb. Kew. COMPOSITE. 185 15. Encelia (?Simsia) sericea, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis ovato-lanceolatis subtus sericeo-tomentosis argenteis, floribus flavis, paleis puberulis sursum ' eoloratis, acheniis 2- rarius 3-aristatis appresse hirsutis. | Herba?, ramis teretibus, parce purpuraceo-puberulis. Folia opposita vel superiora tantum alterna, — -_ breviter petiolata, crassiuscula, ovato-lanceolata, 14-2-pollicaria, remote obscureque calloso- serrulata, acutiuscula, subtrinervia, supra densissime strigilloso-hirsuta, subtus densissime sericeo-tomentosa, argentea. Capitula pauca, corymbosa, vix 1 poll. diametro, homochroma, flava ; pedunculi breves ; involucri bracteze hirsutz, 2-3-seriate, lineari-lanceolate, acutz, exte- riores breviores; receptaculum parvum, convexum; pale scarioso-herbaces, complicate, integre, acutissimz, extus puberule, sursum coloratz, flores equantes vel paullo excedentes ; ligule ad 7, late, neutre; corolle disci infundibuliformes (basi tantum anguste), puberule. Achenia appresse hirsuta, maximam partem compressa, 2-aristata, angulis ciliatis, nonnulla (exteriora disci?) 3-aristata, 3-angulata; pappi aristze subsequales, pilosule, corollis dimidio breviores. . GuateMaLa, Motagua valley (Salvin & Godman, 133). Hb. Kew. 16. Encelia sanguinea, Hemsley. Simsia sanguinea, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. i. p. 107. | Sourn Mexico, Mirador, Consoquitla (Liebmann, 492 ; Linden, 1146), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 2092). Hb. Kew. 17. Encelia subaristata, A. Gr. in litt. Simsia subaristata, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 84. Nort Mexico, Bishop’s Hill, near Monterey (Gregg). 126. HELIANTHELLA. Helianthella, Torr. & Gr. Fl. N. Amer. ii: p. 333; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 378. Besides the following, there are six or seven North-American species; they are her- baceous plants. 1. Helianthella mexicana, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 37. Norta Mexico, valley of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 463). Hb. Kew. 127, ACTINOMERIS. Actinomeris, Nutt. Gen. Pl. N. Amer. ii. p. 181; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 379. About ten herbaceous species, confined to North America, including Mexico. 1. Actinomeris longifolia, A. Gr. Pl. Wright. ii. p. 89. Norta Mexico, Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. 9. Actinomeris ovata, Nutt. Gen. Am. ii. p. 181 in adnot (nomen tantum). Coreopsis ovata, Cav. Ic. iii. p. 41, t. 280 (descr. infra amplif.). Caulibus late alatis, foliis alternis decurrentibus ovato-oblongis, capitulis densiuscule corymbosis, :nvolucri bracteis coriaceo-herbaceis, interioribus paleisque calloso-acuminatis, corollis pilosulis, acheniis breviter 2—1-aristatis nonnullis muticis. BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II., June 1881. 26 186 COMPOSITA. Herba, caulibus simplicibus (?) late alatis. Folia alterna, sessilia, membranatea, Tonge decurrentia, ovato-oblonga, 3-4 poll. longa, obtusiuscula, calloso-serrulata, utrinque hispidula. . Capitula densiuscule corymbosa, breviter pedunculata, corymbis pleiocephalis, compositis, terminalibus ; involucri bractew 2-seriatz, coriaceo-herbacez, hispidule, exteriores obovato-oblonge, rotundate, interiores calloso-acuminate ; receptaculum convexum vel fere conicum ; palez latz, compli- catz, leviter puberule, glabrescentes, sursum colorate, maculate, apice incrassate, acuminate, floribus paullo breviores. Flores radii neutri; ligule latz, tubo pilosule. Flores disci numerosi ; corollz infundibuliformes, basi dilatate, pilosulz. Achenia compressa, marginibus ciliolatis ; pappi aristz sepissime 2, breves, interdum 1, vel achenia florum exteriorum nonnullorum mutica. Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 363). Hb. Kew. We had described this as a new species, but afterwards identified it with Cavanille’s figure. As his description is incomplete, we let ours stand. | 3. Actinomeris stricta, Hemsley, n. sp. Caulibus simplicibus gracilibus, foliis parvis sessilibus confertis subappressis fere liearibus, capitulis simpliciter corymbosis longiuscule pedunculatis, involucri bracteis 1-seriatis herbaceis, rece- ptaculo elongato-conico, acheniis late alatis. Herba, caulibus simplicibus, elongatis (usque a 2-pedalibus) gracilibus, pilosulis, striatis, sursum interdum subaphyllis. Folia conferta, adscendentia vel subappressa, sessilia, nec decurrentia, membranacea, linearia, lineari-oblonga vel interdum lanceolato-oblonga, sepius 14-2 poll. longa, superiora gradatim breviora, obtusiuscula, subintegra, supra scabrida, subtus pubescentia vel villosula. Capitula mediocria, simpliciter corymbosa, longiuscule pedunculata, corymbis sepius 4-8-cephalis ; involucri bractee 1~2-seriate, herbacez, pilosuls, lineari-oblonge vel obovate ; receptaculum elongato-conicum ; pale scariose, complicate, apice colorate, incrassatze, pilosulze ; corolle disci infundibuliformes, pilose. -Achenia glabra, nigra, late alata, 2-aristata. Norte Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 461) ; Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 362), Orizaba (Botteri, 1131 ; Bowrgeau, 2687). Hb. Kew. 4, Actinomeris tetragona, DC. Prodr. v. p. 576. Sours Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Alaman). 5. Actinomeris tetraptera, DC. Prodr. vy. “P. 575. Coreopsis alata, Cav. Ic. iii. t. 260. Helianthus tetrapterus, Ort. Dec. vi. p. 74. Pterophyton alatum, Cass. Dict. xliv. p. 49. Verbesina scabra, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 41. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry &: Palmer, 4732) ; Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2929), Orizaba (Sallé), Zimapan (Coulter, 370), Zitaquaro (Hartweg, 315), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 604). Hb. Kew. 6. Actinomeris wrightii, A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 85. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Camp Bowie, South Arizona (Rothrock). COMPOSITE. 187 128. VERBESINA. Verbesina, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 975, ex parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 379. _ An American genus, comprising about fifty herbaceous, half-shrubby, and shrubby species, ranging from Virginia to Buenos Ayres. A few species have become naturalized in the Old World. 1. Verbesina alata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1270; DC. Prodr. v. p. 379; Bot. Mag. t. 1716. Hamalium alatum, Cass. Dict. xx. p. 261. Mexico (according to De Candolle and Grisebach).—Wxst INDIES and north part of SoutH AMERICA. | We have seen no Mexican specimens. 2. Verbesina argentea, Bertol. Fl. Guat. p. 35; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 621. Guatemata, Volcan de Agua (Velasquez). 3. Verbesina auriculata, DC. Prodr. v. p. 617. 7 | Sour Mexico, near Tehuantepec (Andriewx 302), Acatlan (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 4, Verbesina capitaneja, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 729. Actinomeris pedunculosa, DC. Prody. v. p. 576. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 473); Sovra Mexico, Zimapan ( Coulter, 341), Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 377), Hb. Kew. 5. Verbesina crocata, Less. Synop. p. 232 ; DC. Prodr. v. p. 617. Bidens crocata, Cav. Ic. t. 99. Spilanthes crocata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1627. Platypteris crocata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 201. Sour Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1220), Maloapan (Liebmann, 480), Orizaba (Botteri, 1097); Costa Rica (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 6. Verbesina encelioides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 380. Ximenesia encelioides, Cav. Ic. ii. p. 60, t. 178. Carotina; Frorrpa; New Mzxico.—Nortx Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 468), around Matamoros (Berlandier), without locality (Gregg).—West Inpies and Sour America; also widely naturalized in the tropics of the Otp Worip. Hb. Kew. 7. Verbesina (§ Platypteris) fraseri, Hemsley, n.sp. (Tab. XLVIIL.) Scandens, caulibus 4-alatis, foliis oppositis sepius deltoideo-ovatis, capitulis discoideis multifloris subglobosis, involucri bracteis latis reflexis, paleis apice incrassatis, acheniis late alatis cordi- formibus. Frutex scandens, caulibus crassiusculis, 4-alatis, ramulis patentissimis. Folia opposita, longiuscule 26 2 188 COMPOSITE, petiolata, deltoideo-ovata vel oblonga, 14-4 poll. longa, acuta, basi cuneata vel fere truncata, calloso-dentata vel duplicato-dentata, supra scabra, subtus pubescentia vel scabridula. Capi- tula discoidea, subglobosa, usque ad 14 poll. diametro, terminalia, solitaria vel 2-3 aggregata, longiusctle pedunculata ; involucri bractee 3-4-seriate, exteriores ample, oblongo-obovate, recurve vel patentes, scabride; receptaculum convexum ; pales scariosze, ciliolatz, carinate, acuminatz, apice incrassate, floribus breviores ; corollz cylindrice, puberule. Achenia late alata, cordiformia, 2-aristata. GuaTEMALA, Duefias (Fraser, Salvin & Godman). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XLVITI. Fig. 1, a flower; 2, a palet; 3, astamen; 4, a style ; 5, an achene : all enlarged, 8. Verbesina gigantea, Jacq. Ic. Rar.i.t.175; DC. Prodr. v. p. 615. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 442), Empire station (S. Hayes).— West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. 9. Verbesina grayi, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 373. Zexmenia grayi, Schz. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 305. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2004). Hb. Kew. 10. Verbesina hypoleuca, A. Gr. in Proc. Amer. Acad. xv. p. 37. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. 11. Verbesina longipes, Hemsley, n. sp. Gracilis, foliis oppositis rhomboideo-ovatis grosse crenatis, capitulis radiatis solitariis terminalibus longe pedunculatis, involucri bracteis angustis, acheniis immaturis breviter 2-cornutis. Herba?, caulibus vel ramis gracilibus, teretibus, apteris, puberulis, internodiis quam folia longioribus. Folia opposita, sessilia, rhomboideo-ovata, 2-24 poll. longa, obtusa vel rotundata, basi semiam- plexicaulia, grosse serrata, supra scabra, subtus scabridula. Capitula radiata, ad 14 poll. diametro, solitaria, terminalia, pedunculo ad 6 poll. longo; involucri bractex 2-3-seriate, exteriores breviores, scabride, oblonge, obtusz, interiores subscariose, acute ; receptaculum convexum ; palez scariose, complicatz, acute, flores fere equantes ; corolle cylindricz, leviter puberule. Achenia immatura glabra, breviter 2-cornuta. Mexico (Coulter, 342). Hb. Kew. 12. Verbesina microcephala, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 98. Soura: Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 1173), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2012), Lobani (Ziebmann, 333), Orizaba (Sallé); Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 13. Verbesina mollis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 203. Sourn Mexico, between Guanajuato and Villalpando, 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland,, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 6500 feet (Galeotti, 2002). Hb. Kew. 14. Verbesina neriifolia, Hemsley, n. sp. Fruticosa, ramis anguste alatis, foliis alternis elongatis lineari-lanceolatis, supra obsolete puberulis COMPOSITZ:. 189 subtus argenteo-tomentosis, capitulis radiatis in apicibus ramorum corymbosis, pedunculis quam folia brevioribus, involucri bracteis linearibus sericeo-tomentosis, acheniis immaturis longe _- -aristatis, radii 1-aristatis. Frutex 4-5-pedalis (Ghiesbrechtio), ramis crassiusculis, anguste alatis, minutissime puberulis. Folia - alterna, subsessilia, crassiuscula, lineari-lanceolata, usque ad 6 poll. longa, utrinque valde attenuata, acuta, integra, supra obsolete puberula, supra viridia, costa venisque pallida, subtus argenteo-tomentosa. Capitula radiata, 1-14 poll. diametro, in apicibus ramorum corymbosa ; pedunculi alati, 1-2 poll. longi; involucri bracteze 3-4-seriate, exteriores longiores, lineari- lanceolate, sericeo-tomentose.; receptaculum fere hemisphericum ; palez scariosx, complicate, acute, ciliolate, floribus breviores ; corolle disci cylindric, basi leviter puberule.