BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICAN A CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE . OF THE FAUNA AND FLORA MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA. . EDITED BY F, DUCANE GODMAN AND OSBERT SALVIN. BOTANY, VOL. Ill. ers BY W. BOTTING HEMSLEY, ALS, HON. MEM, NAT. HIST. SOC. MEX.; ASSISTANT FOR INDIA AT THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW ; AUTHOR OF THE < * BOTAN ¥ OF THE ‘ CHALLENGER’ EXPEDITION,’ ” &e. (CYCADACEEH. By W.T. THISELTON DYER, F.R.S.) Og Pe “3 sail 2 ul @>) LONDON: Ss PUBLISHED FOR THE EDITORS BY R. H. PORTER, 10 CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND DULAU & CO., SOHO SQUARE, W. 1882-1886. FLAMMAM, ALERE PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. CONTENTS OF VOLUME III. Page Enumeration of the Incomptetz, MonocotyLepones, and Cryprocamic VAscULARES, with Descriptions of New Species . . . . . . 1. 2 ee ee eee 6d ied BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. BOTANICA. PHANEROGAMIA. DICOTYLEDONES. INCOMPLETA. Series I. CURVEMBRYE. Order CVI. NYCTAGINE. Nyctaginee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1. Twenty-three genera are referred to this Order ; and the number of species is estimated at about 220. They are generally dispersed in tropical and subtropical countries, most numerous in America, rare in Australia, and very rare in Africa. 1. MIRABILIS. Mirabilis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 242; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 3. About ten herbaceous species, inhabiting the warmer parts of America. 1. Mirabilis coccinea, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 3. Oxybaphus coccineus, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 169. Texas; New Mexico; Arizona.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Smith). Hb. Kew. 9, Mirabilis dichotoma, Linn. ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 428. MEXxIco. Introduced in other countries. 8. Mirabilis hybrida, Lepel.in Ann. Mus. Par. viii. p. 481; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 428; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 212. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca.—CoLoMBIA. This and M. dichotoma, Linn., should perhaps be referred to M. jalapa, Linn. 4. Mirabilis jalapa, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 252; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 427; Lam. Ill. Pl. t. 105; Bot. Mag. t. 371. Trexas.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 775); Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 776, 777), valley of Mexico (Bour- BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. b y) NYCTAGINEA. geau, 541); Guaremata, Duefias, 5000 feet (Salvin) ; Nicaracua, Realejo (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. . “a - Naturalized in most warm countries. . co a 5. Mirabilis longiflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 252; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. #28 ; A Exot. Bot. t. 23. : Mirabilis suaveolens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 218? Sovran Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1336), Misteca Alta, at 7000 feet ( Galeotti é Hb. Kew. 6. Mirabilis multiflora, A. Gr. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. pl Watson, Bot. Calif. ii. p. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 6266. Oxybaphus multiflorus, Torr. in Ann. Lye. N. York, ii. p. 237. Quamoclidion multiflorum, Torr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, Xv. p. 321. Nyctaginia? torreyana, Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 430. New Mexico to Conorapo and Catirornra.—Nortu Mexico, Zacatecas (Coulter, 1327 Hb. Kew. : The Mexican locality is a little doubtful. 7. Mirabilis triflora, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 23. Quamoclidion nyctagineum, Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 429. Sout Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 2, OXYBAPHUS. Oxybaphus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 4. Calyxhymenia, Ort. Dec. i. p. 5, t. 1. Calymenia, Pers. Syn. i. p. 36. A genus of about twenty species, inhabiting America, both north and south. One I: also occurs in the Himalayas, where, however, it may have been introduced. \ ' be ' 1. Oxybaphus aggregatus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 41; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 433. Mirabilis aggregata, Cav. Ic. Pl. t. 437. Calyxhymenia aggregata, Ort. Dec. vii. p. 81, t. 11. Allionia aggregata, Spreng. Syst. i. p. 384. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 768); Sourm Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 18 ; Bourgeau, 651). Hb. Kew. 2. Oxybaphus angustifolius, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, p- 429; Choisy in DC. Prod. xiii. 2, p. 433; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 169. Upper Missourt to Rocky Mouwraiys and southward to Louisiana and Texas.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 767). Hb. Kew. NYCTAGINEA. 3 3. Oxybaphus cervantesii, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 84; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 432. Calyxhymenia cervantesii, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 3, p. 390. Allionia cervantesii, Steud. Nomencel. Bot. Mexico. Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. 4, Oxybaphus cordifolius, Kunze, ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 432. Mexico ? (ex Chotsy).— CuI. 5. Oxybaphus glabrifolius, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 40; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 431. Mirabilis corymbosa, Cav. Ic. Pl. iv. p. 55, t. 879. Calyxhymenia glabrifolia, Ort. Dec. i. p. 5, t. 1. Calymenia corymbosa, Pers. Ench. i. p. 37. Texas ; New Mextco.—Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 769); Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 6. Oxybaphus ovatus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 40; Choisy in DC. Prodr, xiii. 2, p. 431. ) Mexico? (ex Chotsy).—PrERv. 7. Oxybaphus violaceus, Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii, 2, p. 432. Allionia violacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 147. Soura Mexico, Tehuantepec (Andrieuxr, 127).—CotomBia to Perv. Hb. Kew. 8. Oxybaphus wrightii, Hemsley. Quamoclidion oxybaphoides, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 320. Trxas.—Norta Mexico, Chiricahui mountains (Wright). Hb. Kew. 9. Oxybaphus viscosus, L’Hérit.; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 185 ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xlil. 2, p. 480; Bot. Mag. t. 434. Mirabilis viscosa, Cav. Ic. Pl. i. t. 19. Calyxhymenia viscosa, Ort. Dec. i. p. 6. Calymenia viscosa, Pers. Ench. i. p. 36. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1111); Sour Mexico, Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 1427), Tehuacan (Liebmann), Puebla (Andrieux, 126).—Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. 3. NYCTAGINIA. Nyctaginia, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Gen. xii. p. 167, t. 1, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 429 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 4. An annual monotype. 1. Nyctaginia capitata, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Gen. xii. p. 167, t. 1, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 429. Nyctaginia ovata, Choisy, loc. cit. Trxas.— NoRtTH Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts), without locality (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 62 nat 4 NYCTAGINES. . 4, ALLIONTIA. Allionia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 117, non Loefl.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 4. Wedelia, Linn. in Loefl. It. p. 180. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Allionia incarnata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 147; DC. Prodr. xiii, 2, p. 434; Lam. Ill. t. 58; L’Her. Stirp. t. 31. Allionia malacoides, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 44. . Texas to Catirornia.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1260), Chihuahua (Potts), Monterey (Eaton & Edwards) ; Sours Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner, 16), Guadaloupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 293); Chapultepec (Bilimek, 167).— VENEZUELA to CHILI | and ARGENTINA. Hb. Kew. 5. BOERHAAVIA. Boerhaavia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 9 (Boerhavia) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 5. A genus of about thirty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, widely dispersed in warm countries. 1. Boerhaavia anisophylla, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 171. Texas or Norra Mexico, on the Rio Grande (ex Torrey). 2. Boerhaavia erecta, Linn.; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 450; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 69; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. tt. 5 et 6. Gzoreia to New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey), Monterey (Eaton & Edwards) ; Sovra Mexico, Cordilleras of Vera Cruz and Oaxaca (Galeotti, 580, 2558) ; GuaTEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 587).— West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 3. Boerhaavia eriosolena, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 322, NortH Mexico, valley near Azufrora in Coahuila or Durango (Gregg, 512). Hb. Kew. 4. Boerhaavia hirsuta, Willd. Phytog. i. n. 3;.Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 451; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 69; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. t. 7. Texas.—Mexico (ex Choisy); Payama? (S. Hayes, 732).—West Inpres; Guana; GataPpacos. Hb. Kew. | 5. Boerhaavia leiosolena, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 172. Texas or Nort Mexico, on the Rio Grande (Parry). 6. Boerhaavia linearifolia, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 322. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Saltillo (Gregg, 110), Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1121). Hb. Kew. 7. Boerhaavia paniculata, Rich. ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p- 450 : Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 69. ° Texas.—New Mexico, Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 770), Zacatecas (Hartweg, 45); SourH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1429, 1430); Panama (ex Grisebach).—West Inpims; GaLapagos. Hb. Kew. NYCTAGINEA., 5 8. Boerhaavia purpurascens, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 321. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Santa Rita, within the old boundary. Hb. Kew. 9. Boerhaavia scandens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 4; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 404; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 69; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. i. t. 4. Boerhaavia grahami, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Se. ser. 2, xv. p. 823 ? New Mexico; Arizonaw~—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 772), Sonora (Wright ; Schott) ; Sovura Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7152), Campeachy (Linden).—CotomBia to Peru; GaAwa- pacos; West Inpirs. Hb. Kew. 10. Boerhaavia virgata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 215; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 450; Linnea, v. p. 92. South Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe).—-VENEZUELA. 11. Boerhaavia viscosa, Lag. et Rodr.; Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p-. 492. ‘Texas; New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 7704); Sourn Mexico, Tizapan, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 180), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Tehuacan, at 9000 feet (Galeotti, 581); GuatE- MALA, Duefias (Salvin). Ub. Kew. | 12. Boerhaavia wrightii, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 322. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, near Mesillas (Gregg, 533). Hb. Kew. 6. SENKENBERGIA. Senkenbergia, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 711; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 5. Herbs. Four species, whereof three inhabit Mexico and one Lower California. 1. Senkenbergia annulata, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 711. Senkenber gia gypsophiloides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 5. Lindenia gypsophiloides, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. 2, p. 357. Tinantia gypsophiloides, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. xi. 1, p. 240. Boerhaavia gibbosa, Pav., ex A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 323. Norta Mexico, Juarez, about 100 miles north of Monclova (Palmer, 1125), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 771) ; South Muxico, Tehuacan, 5000 feet (Galeotti, 577), Zimapan (Coulter, 1434). Hb. Kew. 2. Senkenbergia coulteri, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. Norra Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1425). Hb. Kew. This may be Boerhaavia spicata, Choisy, not 2B. erecta, Choisy, as erroneously cited in the ‘ Genera Plantarum.’ 6 NYCTAGINEH. 3. Senkenbergia, sp. Nort Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1424). Hb. Kew. There are only flowers of this species; and as it is uncertain which of the species, if either, is the same as Boerhaavia spicata, Choisy, we leave it without a name at present. | 7. ACLEISANTHES. Acleisanthes, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 259; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. Herbs or half-shrubs, inhabiting the Texano-Mexican region. About six species are known. 1. Acleisanthes anisophylla, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 261. Trxas.—NortH Mexico, along the Rio Grande (Schott). 2, Acleisanthes berlandieri, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Se. ser. 2, xv. p. 260. Texas.—NortH Mexico, near Monterey and Matamoros (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 8. Acleisanthes longiflora, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 260; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. t. 46. Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1116), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 774), without locality (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 4, Acleisanthes wrightii, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. Pentacrophys wrightii, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 261; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. t. 47 B. TExas.— Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 773). Hb. Kew. 8. SELINOCARPUS. Selinocarpus, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Se. ser. 2, xv. p. 262; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. Herbs or half-shrubs, restricted to the Texano-Mexican region. Four species are known. | 1. Selinocarpus angustifolia, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p- 170, t. 47 a. Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila (Palmer, 1119). Hb. Kew. 2. Selinocarpus chenopodioides, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 262. Norra Mexico, near Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua (Wright, 1707). Hb. Kew. 3. Selinocarpus palmeri, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXX.) Suffrutescens glaber, foliis subcarnosis teretibus, floribus solitariis pentandriis. Suffrutex nanus, glaber, dichotome ramosissimus, ramis brevibus, teretibus, graciliusculis. Folia opposita, paribus gequalibus vel subzqualibus, sessilia, subcarnosa, teretia, usque ad oF poll | longa, apiculata. Flores terminales vel pseudoaxillares, solitarii, brevissime pedunculati, 1} ad NYCTAGINEA. 7 1 poll. longi; perianthium infundibulare, tubo angusto, elongato; stamina 5, longe exserta. Fructus 5-alatus, vel abortu 2—3-alatus, alis 2-3 lineas latis. Nortr Mexico, San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila (Palmer, 1118). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXX. Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, a flower; 3, a flower with the perianth laid open, showing the insertion of the stamens ; 4, upper part of a stamen ; 5, upper part of style with stigma; 6, a fruit: all enlarged. 9. OKENTA, Okenia, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 92; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Okenia hypogza, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 92. ‘Sout Mexico, sand dunes, Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe), sand dunes on the Pacific coast, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7148), Bolaiios (Coulter, 1426), Zimapan, at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 7211). Hb. Kew. 10. ABRONIA. Abronia, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 448; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 7. A genus of about ten herbaceous species, inhabiting North Mexico, Texas to Cali- fornia, and northward to the Columbia River. Several of the species are close upon, if not actually within, our northern boundary. 1. Abronia cycloptera, A. Gr. in Am. Journ. Sc. ser. 2, xv. p. 319. Abronia (Tripterocalyx) micrantha, Torr. in Fremont’s Ist Rep. p. 96. Texas.—NortH Mexico, along the Rio Grande, from San Elceario to Dofia Afia (Wright, 1712). Hb. Kew. 2. Abronia fragrans, Nutt. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. v. p. 261; Torr. & A. Gr. Bot. Beckwith’s Rep. p. 14, t. 10; Bot. Mag. t, 5544; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 170. Conumpia River, southward through Uran to New Mexico and Trexas.—Norru Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey). [A. mellifera, Doug]. in Bot. Mag. t. 2879, is recorded from El Paso and westward, and northward to Oregon. | | 3. Abronia turbinata, Torrey, ex S. Wats. in Bot. King’s Exped. p. 285, t. 31; Bot. Calif. ii. p. 5. Cairornia to Arizona and Trxas.—Norru Mexico, Gila valley (Rothrock). 11. BOLDOA. KR Boldoa, Cav. Cat. Hort. Madr. 1803, ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 438; Benth. et Hook. Gen. _ Plant. iii. p. 8. | _ Repent, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 154, t. 44. _ Bentham and Hooker referred two species to this genus, one of which we have 8 NYCTAGINEE. referred to Cryptocarpus. There is some confusion between these two genera; and we are unable to clear it up satisfactorily. If Cryptocarpus globosus, H. B. K., be really the same as Boldoa ovatifolia, Lag., and B. purpurascens, Cav., as we suspect, the genus Cryptocarpus should be reduced to Boldoa, and Salpianthus, H. B. K., would stand as a genus and include Boldoa lanceolata, Lag. 1. Boldoa lanceolata, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p.10; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 438. Salpianthus arenarius, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 154, t. 44. SourH Mexico, near Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland ; Sinclair), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 4500 feet (Galeotti, 579), without locality (Jurgensen, 83, 216). Hb. Kew. 12. CRYPTOCARPUS. Cryptocarpus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 187; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 11. Two shrubby or half-shrubby species, restricted to Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. See remarks under Boldoa. 1. Cryptocarpus globosus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 187, t. 123. Cryptocarpus rhomboideus, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 88. Boldoa ovatifolia, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 10; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 438; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 155. Boldoa purpurascens, Cav. ex Lag. loc. cit.; Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p- 24. Boldoa paniculata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 16). Chenopodium peticlare, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p- 5, non Kunth. Boerhaavia rhomboidea, Humb. in Link, Jahrb. der Gewichse, i. 3, p. 66. Salpianthus purpurascens, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 308. Sour Mexico, Tepic (Barclay), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1865; Gouin), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 582), plains of Tehuacan, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 378).—Cusa; Vennzveta. Hb. Kew. 13. PISONIA. Pisonia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n, 1162 3 Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p- 9. Trees and shrubs. About sixty species are known, chiefly natives of Tropical _ America; a few inhabit Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Australia ; Six have been found in the Mascarene Islands; and one, P. aculeata, has been found in continental Africa. . 1. Pisonia aculeata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.1511; DC. Prodr, xiii 2, p. 440; Griseb, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 70. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz. at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 3052 ; Linden, 647, 648), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2063), Orizaba (Botteri, 991); Nicaraeva (ate, 389), —Widely dispersed in the Tropics, including Australia, especially near the seq Hb. Kew. . : NYCTAGINEZ. 9 2. Pisonia hirtella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 217; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 445. Pisonia mexicana, Willd., ex Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. p. 354. Boerhaavia arborea, Lag. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1801. Boerhaavia arborescens, Pers. Ench. i. p. 30. Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 913), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 558 ; Bilimek, 297 ; Schaffner, 184), Tlacolola and San Dionicio (Andrieux, 128), Tlalpujahua (Keerl), Chapultepec (Schaffner), San Bartolo (Hartweg), without locality (Tate, 43 ; Bates; Parkinson).—Psrvu; Bouvia. Hb. Kew. 3. Pisonia pacurero, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 218; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 442; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 192, t. 84. GuaTEMALA (Friedrichsthal) ; Panama, Taboga and Paraiso (S. Hayes, 184, 723),— Southward to Brazm. Hb. Kew. 4. Pisonia, sp. GuatTeMaLA, Barranca Honda, 3800 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 14. NEEA. Neea, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Per. et Chil. p. 52, t. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 9. Shrubs and trees, restricted to Tropical America. About thirty species are known, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil. 1. Neea, sp. Sour Muxico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1606). Hb. Kew. 2. Neea, sp. | Panama, hedges at Panama (8. Hayes, 112). Hb. Kew. 3. Neea, sp. Panama, Lion-Hill station (S. Hayes, 359). Hb. Kew. The material of none of these is sufficient for description. Order CVII. ILLECEBRACE. Illecebracee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 12. Seventeen genera, including about ninety species, are referred to this order. They are small herbs or very small half-shrubs; and they are generally diffused all over the world, except in the frigid regions. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, October 1882. so c 10 TLLECEBRACEZ. 1. PENTACAINA. Pentacena, Bartl. in Pres], Reliq. Henk. ii. p.5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 14. Two or three herbaceous species, restricted to Western America, and ranging from Oregon to Chili. | 1. Pentacena polycnemoides, Bartl. in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. ii. p. 5, t. 49. f. 1. Pentacena ramosissima, Hook. et Arn. in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. p. 338. Paronychia ramosissima, DC. Prodr. iii. p. 372, et Mém. Paronych. t. 4. Acanthonychia ramosissima, Rohrb. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. 2, p. 249, t. 56. Loeflingia ramosissima, Weinm. in Flora, 1820, p. 608. Paronychia polycnemoides, Schl. in Linnea, xiii. p. 407? Pentacena polycnemoides, Walp. Rep. i. p. 261? Cardionema multicaule, DC. Prody. iii. p. 373, et Mém. Paronych. t. 1? OreEGon to CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 64); Sourn Mzxico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 693), foot of the peak of Orizaba (Schiede).—Co.omBia to Curt, Buenos Ayres, Urveuay, and Sourn Brazit. Hb. Kew. 2. ACHYRONYCHIA. | Achyronychia, Torr. & Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. vii. p. 330; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 15. Diminutive herbs. Two species known, the present and one found in California and New Mexico. 1. Achyronychia parryi, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 2, p. 36. Glabra, glauca, foliis lineari-lanceolatis vel oblongis apiculatis, floribus in axillis foliorum fasci- culato-cymosis, perianthii subcarnosi tubo turbinato, lobis oblongo-ellipticis late scarioso marginatis, tubo subzquilongis, staminibus 5 valde perigynis staminodiis oblongis alternan- tibus, ovario 2—4-ovulato. Herba perennis, glabra, glauca, ramis gracilibus, 4-6-pollicaribus. Folia sessilia, lineari-lanceolata, oblonga, vel interdum fere oblanceolata vel oblonga, 4-8 lin. longa, apiculata, stipulis scariosis, amplis. Flores vix sesquilineam longi, in axillis foliorum fasciculatim cymosi, brevissime pedicellati, cymis densis quam folia triplo brevioribus; perianthii subcarnosi tubus turbinatus ; lobi oblongo-elliptici, late diaphano-scarioso-marginati; stamina 5, valde perigyna, cum stami- nodiis oblongis tenuissimis alternantia; ovarium breviter stipitatum, 2—4-ovulatum, stylo filiformi, stigmate obscure trilobo. Capsule (immature) trivalve, 1-3-spermee.—Achyronychia palmeri, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 15. Nort Mexico, in the region of San Luis Potosi, at 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 53). Hb. Kew. 3. PARONYCHIA. Paronychia, Juss. in Mém. Mus. Par. ii. p. 8389; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 15. About forty herbaceous species, inhabiting the Mediterranean region, North Africa, Arabia, and America; one has been found in Angola. ILLECEBRACEZ. 11 1. Paronychia jamesil, Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. i. p. 170. OrzGon to Texas.—NortuH Mexico, Ojo de Vaca, Chihuahua (Thurber). 2. Paronychia mexicana, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 2, p. 36. Omnino pilosula, ramis ad nodos tumidis, foliis confertis lineari-lanceolatis vel oblanceolatis longe apiculatis, stipulis foliis fere equilongis, floribus fasciculatis brevissime pedicellatis, perianthii . brevissime tubulosi laciniis subcarnosis oblongis brevissime apiculatis, staminodiis nullis, ovario hirsuto. Herba perennis vel annua, omnino pilosula, a basi dense ramosa, 2-6-pollicaris. Rami erecti vel diffusi, graciliusculi, teretes, ad nodos tumidi. Folia lineari-lanceolata vel oblanceolata, 4-6 lin. longa, longe apiculata, costa subtus prominente margine recurva; stipule scariose, ovate, apice valde attenuatz, foliis fere zquilonge. Flores fasciculati, breviter pedicellati, circiter ? lin. longi; perianthii breviter tubulosi lacinie oblonge, crassiuscule, brevissime apiculate, persistentes ; stamina 5, filamentis filiformibus; staminodia nulla; ovarium pube- rulum, stylo filiformi, bifido. Capsule perianthiis incluse, monosperme, seminibus sphzroideis, nitidis, levibus. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 65). Hb. Kew. | 3. Paronychia, sp. Soutn Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 720). Hb. Kew. 4, CORRIGIOLA. Corrigiola, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 378; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 17. Species about six, herbaceous, inhabiting Central Europe, the Mediterranean region, North and South Africa, and America. 1. Corrigiola andina, Tr. et Pl. Prodr. Fl. N. Gran. i. p. 146. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 54); Sout Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 23).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. Order CVIIT. AMARANTACE:. Amarantacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 20. Herbs, half-shrubs, shrubs, or rarely small trees. There are forty-eight genera, embracing about 480 species, generally spread, except in the colder regions. 1, PLEUROPETALUM. Pleuropetalum, Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. p. 221; Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. t. 2 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 157. Allochlamys, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 463. Melanocarpum, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 24. Two shrubby species, the present and one from the Galapagos. 12 AMARANTACE. 1. Pleuropetalum costaricense, hort. Kew. Melanocarpum sprucei, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant, in. p. 24. SoutH Mexico, Santa Rita, near Vera Cruz (Hahn); Costa Rica.—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. This species was cultivated at Kew in 1881 under the name Pleuropetalum costa- ricense; but we have not been able to ascertain the origin of the plant, any more than who gave it the name. However, there is no doubt that it is a true Plewropetalum ; and there is no doubt that it is the same as Melanocarpum sprucei, Hook. f., and a true Amarantacea. In the specimens we examined the stamens varied from five to eight. 2. CELOSIA. Celosia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 289 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iu. p. 24. About thirty herbaceous and shrubby species, inhabiting the warm regions of Asia, Africa, and America. 1. Celosia moquini, Guillem. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 239. Mexico (Bonpland ?, Ghiesbreght). 2. Celosia paniculata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 298, ex Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 240. Fiormpa; Texas.—Nortu Mexico, near Monterey (Berlandier, 1383), around Mata- moros (Berlandier, 2340); Sour Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Stnelair).—CvuBa. Hb. Kew. Grisebach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 62) refers Celosia paniculata, Linn., to Chamissoa altissima, H. B. K., and reduces C. paniculata, Mogq., to C. nitida, Vahl. 3. Celosia virgata, Jacq. Coll. ii. p. 279, et Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 339; DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 240. | Nortn Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1148).—CoLomBia to Perv, and in Cusa. Hb. Kew. ; The Mexican plant may be different from the South-American. 3, ACHATOCARPUS. Achatocarpus, Triana in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, ix. p.45; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 26. Small trees or shrubs. Besides the following there are two species in extratropical South America, and perhaps a fourth in Kew herbarium, collected by Jameson near Guayaquil. 1. Achatocarpus nigricans, Triana in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, ix. p. 45., Sour Muxico, Totomé, Vera Cruz (Linden, 72); GuaTEMALA, San José (S. Hayes, 452),—VENEZUELA; CoLomBla. Hb. Kew. -AMARANTACEZ., 13 4. CHAMISSOA. Chamissoa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 196; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 27. Tall branching, climbing, or trailing herbs. Six or eight species, restricted to Tropical and Extratropical South America. 1, Chamissoa altissima, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 197, t. 125; DC. Prodr. xiii: 2, p. 250; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 62. Achyranthes altissima, J acq. Am. p. 81. SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bowrgeau, 1527, 2073), Orizaba (Sallé), Vera Cruz (Berlandier, 79); Guavemana (Friedrichsthal); Ntcaracua, Chontales (Tate, 372); Panama, Barbacoas station (S. Hayes).—And common southward to Peru and Brazit, as well as in the West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. 2. Chamissoa macrocarpa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 197; DC. Prodr. xili. 2, p. 250; Fl. Bras. v. 1, p. 242. Celosia tomentosa, Willd, in Roem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 581. Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 416).—Prru; Brazit. ' 5. AMARANTUS, Amarantus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1060 (Amaranthus) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 28. Herbaceous plants, widely diffused i in warm countries. About forty-five species are enumerated; but some of them are only known under cultivation, and others were founded on very slender characters. Several of them are weeds of cultivation and waste places, and occur in nearly all warm countries. 1. Amarantus blitum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1405; DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 263. Nortu Mexico (Parry & Palmer, 7864). Hb. Kew. A widely dispersed weed. 2. Amarantus chlorostachys, Willd. Amarant. p. 34, t.10. f. 19; DC. Prodr, Xl. 2, p. 259. Norta Mexico (Berlandier); Sovrn Mexico ( Galeotti, 387; Sallé); GUATEMALA (Salvin)—_Common in Tropican America. Hb. Kew. 3. Amarantus hybridus, Linu. Sp. Pl. p. 1406; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 259. Vireinia to Frorma and Texas.—Norru Mexico (Berlandier; Wright). Hb. Kew. 4, Amarantus hypochondriacus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.1407; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 256. | Mexico (Parry & Palmer ; Galeotti).—Tropican America. Hb. Kew. Pa a Petes. 14 AMARANTACEZ. 5, Amarantus palmeri, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xii. p. 274, et Bot. Calif. i. p. 42. Cauirornia; Arizona.—NortH Mexico, within the old boundary at Camp Grant (Rothrock), along the Rio Grande (Berlandier). | 6. Amarantus polygonoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1405; Willd. Amarant. t. 6. f.l,a& b. Amblogyne polygonoides, Rat. Fl. Tellur. p. 42, ex Mog. in DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 270. Scleropus amarantoides, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1835. Scleropus crassipes, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 271. Amarantus crassipes, Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 757. Sarratia berlandiert, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 268. Fioripa; Texas.—NortH Muxico, Cerro Alto (Gregg), Sonora (Thurber).—WeEst Inpies; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 7. Amarantus retroflexus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1407; Willd. Amarant. t. 11. f. 21; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 258; A. Gr. Manual, ed. 5, p. 412. Mexico (Bourgeau).—Warmer parts of AmeERica, and introduced in many other countries. Hb. Kew. 8. Amarantus scariosus, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 158. Amarantus floridus, Benth. loc. cit. t. 51. Sarratia scariosa, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 269. Guatema.a (Friedrichsthal); Honpuras, Tigré, Fonseca Bay (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 9, Amarantus spinosus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1407; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 260. Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 415), Jalapa (Linden, 61), Orizaba (Sallé) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 839; Seemann); Panama (Seemann).— And generally dispersed in the warmer parts of AMERICA; introduced in many other countries. Hb. Kew. | [Eurolus (Berlasia) emarginatus, A. Br. et Bouché in Linnea, xxv. p. 297, is quite unknown to us. | 6. ACANTHOCHITON. Acanthochiton, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 170; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 29. An herbaceous annual monotype. 1. Acanthochiton wrightii, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 170, t.13; Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 179; Proc. Am. Acad. Se. v. p. 168. Texas; Arizona.—Norru Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 7. CYATHULA. Cyathula, Lour. Fl. Coch. i. p. 101; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 31. About ten herbaceous and half-shrubby species, inhabiting the warmer parts of Asia, Africa, and America. AMARANTACEA, 15 1. Cyathula achyranthoides, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 326. Desmocheta achyranthoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 210. Sour Mexico, Rio Blanco, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3040); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 162, 334); Panama, Empire Station (8. Hayes, 612).—Widely dispersed in Tropical Sourn America and the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. | 8. ACHYRANTHES. Achyranthes, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 288; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 35. Herbaceous and half-shrubby plants, generally diffused in tropical and subtropical regions. About twelve species are known. 1. Achyranthes aspera, Linn. Sp. Pl. p- 295; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 314; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 62. Mexico (Botteri, 896; Bourgeau, 1282); Nicaragua (Tate, 335). Hb. Kew. One of the most generally diffused and commonest weeds in warm countries. 9. GUILLEMINEA. Guilleminea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p.40; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 36. Three herbaceous species, the third inhabiting extratropical South America. 1. Guilleminea illecebroides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 42, t. 518. Guilleminea densa, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 838. Illecebrum densum, Willd. in Reem. et Schult. Syst. v. p. 517. Guilleminea illecebrum, Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. p. 103. Texas.—Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts), near Tacubaya (Schaffner, 2), valley of Mexico (Bourgeaw).—Ecvapor; Perv. Hb. Kew. 2. Guilleminea lanuginosa, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 37. Gossypianthus lanuginosus, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 337. Texas ; Mexico ?—Hispaniota; Peru; Borivia; Buenos AYRES. 10. CLADOTHRIX. Cladothrisy, Nutt., ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 37. Two half-shrubby species, inhabiting California and the Mexicano-Texan region. 1. Cladothrix lanuginosa, Nutt.; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 43. Alternanthera lanuginosa, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 359. CALIFORNIA to New Mexico, Arkansas, and Texas.—NortH MExico, San Lorenzo de Laguna (Palmer), Tamaulipas (Berlandier), Sonora Alta (Coulter, 136). Hb. Kew. 11. MOGIPHANES. Mogiphanes, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. ii. p. 29, t. 129 ad 135. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, comprising about ten herbaceous species. af 16 ‘ AMARANTACEA. 1. Mogiphanes straminea, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. ii. t. 185; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 64. Mogiphanes multicaulis, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. i. t. 181. Telanthera brasiliana, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 382 (excl. synom.), et TJ’. multicaulis, Mogq. loc. cit. p. 380. Mexico (ex Grisebach).—West InvIEs to BRAZIL. [Pfaffia, Mart., having fifteen species, widely dispersed in South America, from Venezuela and Trinidad southward to Uruguay, may be expected to occur in Central America. | 12. TELANTHERA. Telanthera, R. Br. in Tuckey’s Congo, p. 477, in nota; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ll. p. 38. A genus comprising between forty and fifty species, inhabiting the warmer parts of America; one of them recurring in Western Tropical Africa. 1. Telanthera gracilis, Mogq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 375. Gomphrena gracilis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 9). Soutu Mexico, Vera Cruz, near Puente Nacional (Galeotti, 444), Fampico (Berlandier, 2180); Costa Rica (Endres, 243); Panama (S. Hayes, 211). Hb. Kew. 2. Telanthera maritima, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 364. Bucholzia maritima, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. 1. p. 50, t. 147. Alternanthera ficoidea, R. Br. ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 67. Mexico: (ex Grisebach) ; Panama (S. Hayes, 695).—West InpiEs, eastern coast of Sout AMERICA, and western coast of AFRICA. 3. Telanthera mexicana, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, P. 372. Gomphrena, sp., Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 91. Brandesia mexicana, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 392. SoutH Mexico, near San Andres (Schiede & Deppe). Ub. Kew. 4, Telanthera microcephala, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 371. Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 72)—CoLomBia. Hb. Kew. 5. Telanthera obovata, Mog. in DO. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 370. Bucholzia obovata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 8). Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1146; Bourgeau, 2698 ; Galeotti, 440), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1597). Hb. Kew. 6. Telanthera polygonoides, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 363. Achyranthes polygonoides, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 416. Bucholzia polygonoides, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. i. p. 51, tt. 148-151. Gomphrena polygonoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 225. Alternanthera polygonoides, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. p. 416; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 67. South Mexico, near Tampico (Berlandier); Panama (Fendler, 261; S. Hayes, 203; Sinclair)—Common in the West Inpies and eastern Sour AmErica. Hb. Kew. AMARANTACEA, . 17 7. Telanthera pubiflora, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 375 (a. monocephala et B. glomerata). Brandesia pubiflora, Benth. in Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 157. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 444 in part), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1709); . Panama (Seemann).—PrEru. Hb. Kew. 8. Telanthera pycnantha, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 376. Brandesia pycnantha, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 157. Sourn Mexico, Acapulco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 13. ALTERNANTHERA. Alternanthera, Forsk. Fl. Zgypt.-Arab. p. 28; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 38. Herbs. About sixteen species, inhabiting warm countries, and most abundant in Australia and America. . 1. Alternanthera achyrantha, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. i. p. 417; DC. Prodr. xiii, 2, p. 358. Soutrn Carotina to Fioripa and Texas.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber), Matamoros (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 788); Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 44; Botteri, 787), Zimapan, 6500 feet (Galeotti, 419), valley of Mexico (Schaffner ; Bourgeau, 195).—And widely spread in SourH AmMERIcA and the Wrst INDIES, as well as in the Canary IsLanps and the south of Evropr. Hb. Kew. 9. Alternanthera? herniarioides, Beurling in Kong. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1854, p. 148. Panama, Portobello (Dahlin). [A. sessilis, R. Br., a common plant in Tropical South America and other countries, is likely to occur. | 14. GOSSYPIANTHUS. Gossypianthus, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 251 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 39. Two herbaceous species, inhabiting the Texano-Mexican region. 1. Gossypianthus rigidiflorus, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 251; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 337. Tuxas.—NortH Mexico? 15. PHILOXERUS. Philoxerus, R. Br. Prod. Fl. N. Holl. i. p. 416 (excl. sp. n. 1); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 40. Sea-shore herbaceous plants, inhabiting eastern Tropical America, Western Africa, Australia, and the Loochoo Islands. Ten species are known. 1. Philoxerus aggregatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 203. Tresine aggregata, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 340. Gomphrena aggregata, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. p. 294. Nicaragua (Tate).—Tropical America and Arrica. Hb. Kew. Perhaps not specifically different from the next. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, October 1882. - d 18 AMARANTACEA. 9. Philoxerus vermicularis, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. i. p. 410; Beauv. Fl. Owar. t. 98. f. 1. : Iresine vermicularis, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 340. Illecebrum vermiculatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 800. Gomphrena vermicularis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 224. Mexico, along the Rio Grande (Schott), Tulotepec, at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 427)— Common in the Wrst InprEs, eastern Soutn America and West Arrica. Hb. Kew. 16. GOMPHRENA. Gomphrena, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 314; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 40. About seventy herbaceous species, mostly inhabiting the warmer parts of America and Australia; one widely diffused in Asia and Africa. 1. Gomphrena cxspitosa, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 181. ’ Texas; New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Schott ; Smith; Wright). Hb. Kew. 2. Gomphrena decumbens, Jacq. Hort. Scheenb. t. 482; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 410. Gomphrena prostrata, Desf. Hort. Par. 1804, App. p. 219 (non Mart.). Nortn Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 789) ; Sour Mexico, Misteca Alta, 6500 feet (Galeotti, 441), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 633 ; Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 737; Gouin; Botteri, 788), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1371), Oaxaca (Andrieux, 122), Acapulco (Sinclair); GuatEmMaua, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin), Llanos de Guatemala (Bernoulli, 218); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 333).—And common in tropical Sour America. Hb. Kew. 3. Gomphrena filaginoides, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 10); DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 417. SoutH Mexico, Misteca Alta and Cordillera of Yavezia, at 6000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 441 bis). 4. Gomphrena globosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 326; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 409, cum y. albifiora ; Bot. Mag. t. 2815. A native of India, now naturalized in many other warm countries, including Mexico and Central America. 5. Gomphrena nitida, Rothr. in Bot. Wheeler’s Surv. 1878, p. 233. Nortrn Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains (fothrock). 6. Gomphrena pilosa, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 395. Mogiphanes pilosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 8). SoutH Mexico, rice-fields near Ario, Michoacan, at 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 422). 7. Gomphrena sonore, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 181. NortH Mexico, mountains near Santa Cruz, Sonora (Thurber ; Wright). Hb. Kew. AMARANTACEA, 19 8. Gomphrena tuberifera, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 181. Texas.—Nort Mexico, Soledad, twenty-five miles south-west of Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1132). Hb. Kew. 9. Gomphrena, sp. | Nortu Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1460). Hb. Kew. 10. Gomphrena, sp. | NortH Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1461). Hb. Kew. * 17. FRGSLICHIA. Frelichia, Mceench. Meth. Plant. p. 50; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 41. An exclusively American genus, comprising about ten species, ranging from Texas to South Brazil. 1. Frelichia floridana, Mog. in DC. Prodv. xiii. 2, p. 420. Fioripa ; ARKANSAS; Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, along the Rio Grande | (Parry). 2. Frelichia gracilis, Mog. in DC. Prody. xiii. 2, p. 420. Oplotheca gracilis, Hook. Ic. Pl. sub tab. 256. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Monterey (Haton & Edwards), Chihuahua and Sonora (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 3. Frelichia interrupta, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 421. Gomphrena interrupta, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 326; Lam. Ill. Pl. t. 180. f. 2. Celosia procumbens, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. i. t. 51. Oplotheca interrupta, Nutt. Gen. Am. Pl. ii. p. 79. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre &c. (Palmer, 1141), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 793); Sourn Mzxico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 86), dunes of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 7031).—Jamaica; Perv. Hb. Kew. 18. HEBANTHE. Hebanthe, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 42, tt. 140-145; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 41. A genus of about twenty herbaceous and half-shrubby species, restricted to Tropical and Subtropical America. | 1. Hebanthe hookeriana, Hemsley, n. sp. (Gomphrena pulverulenta, Mogq,, pro parte, nec Hebanthe pulverulenta, Mart.) Facie omnino H. pulverulente, sed pilis indumenti strigillosis non stellatis, floribus majoribus, staminodiis nullis. . Frutex scandens (‘‘ Liane” fide Bourgeavii), ramis teretibus, junioribus foliisque strigilloso-hirsutis, ferrugineis. Folia opposita, petiolata, crassiuscula, ovato-oblonga, usque ad 5 poll. longa, in ramis floriferis 1-3 poll. longa, utringue attenuata vel obtusa, supra mox glabrata. Flores a2 20 AMARANTACEZ, hermaphroditi, “albi, carnosi” (Galeotti), spicati, spicis laxiusculis, usque ad 22 poll. longis, verticillatim paniculatis ; bractea et bracteole rotundatz, concave, subscariose, extus strigilloso- hirsute ; perianthii segmenta ovato-oblonga, obtusa, circiter sesquilmeam longa, 2 exteriora dorso strigilloso-hirsuta, 3 interfbra dorso undique longe lanata; filamenta deorsum dilatata ; staminodia nulla; ovarium ovoideum ; stylus brevissimus, stigmate crasso, capitato. Fructus maturus deest. Souta Mexico, Cordova at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 7160), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1898). Hb. Kew. Mandon’s 1011, Bolivia, is very closely allied, if not the same species. 2. Hebanthe mollis, Hemsley, n. sp. Vagans vel volubilis, foliis tenuilus mollibus graciliter petiolatis ovatis longe acuminatis, spicis brevibus in paniculas densiusculas dispositis, rhachibus tomentosis, bracteolis glabris scariosis, staminodiis inter stamina solitariis. Herba vel frutex vagans vel volubilis, ramis teretibus, striatulis, graciliusculis, cito glabrescentibus, ad nodos constrictis. Folia opposita, petiolata, tenuia, mollia, ovata vel fere lanceolata, 14-3 poll. longa, longe acuminata, acuminatissima, basi rotundata, utrinque sparse piloso-strigillosa, petiolo gracili, 3 lineas longo. Flores hermaphroditi, spicati, 13-2 lineas longi; spice breves, laxiuscule, in paniculas amplas dense aggregate, rhachibus tomentosis; bractea et bracteole late, concave, glabra, omnino scariose, nitide, floribus vix dimidio breviores ; perianthii segmenta scariosa, lineari-oblonga, omnia presertim a basi longe lanata; staminodia (laciniz ananthere) inter stamina singularia, subulata, staminibus paullo breviora; ovarium glabrum ; stylus brevis- simus, stigmate capitato. Fructus maturus deest. Mexico (Herb. Ruzz e¢ Pavon). Hb. Kew. 3. Hebanthe subnuda, Hemsley, n. sp. Scandens et fere omnino glabra, foliis ovatis venis transversis conspicuis instructis, floribus sparsis- sime arachnoideis spicatis, spicis brevissimis densis paniculatis, staminodiis brevibus squame- formibus. Herba vel frutex scandens vel vagans (‘“ Liane” fide Bourgeavii), preter flores glaberrimus, ramis crassiusculis. Folia (pauca superiora tantum visa) opposita, petiolata, membranacea, ovata, vel suprema lineari-lanceolata, usque ad 4 poll. longa, acuminata, apiculata, venis primariis trans- versis arcuatis subtus prominentibus ; petiolus gracilis, usque ad 1 poll. longus. lores herma- phroditi, spicati, circiter 3 lin. longi, sparsissime araneosi; spice parve, dense, per anthesin 1-3 lineas longe, aliz sessiles ali pedunculate, paniculate ; panicule ample, ramulis angu- latis ; bractea et bracteole brevissime; perianthii segmenta angusta, obtusa; staminodia (lacinie anantherz) inter stamina solitaria, squameformia; ovarium glabrum; stylus brevis- simus, stigmate capitato obscure bilobo. Fructus maturus non visus. SontH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 461), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1949). Hb. Kew. 4. Hebanthe, sp.? North Mexico, Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1133). Hb. Kew. Apparently a distinct species of this genus, having small leaves, and the spikelets in short axillary racemes. AMARANTACEA, 21 19. IRESINE. Iresine, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1113; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 42. About twenty herbaceous and shrubby species, inhabiting Tropical and Subtropical America. 1. Ivresine acuminata, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 345. Mexico (Bates). 2. Iresine canescens, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 765. Tromsdorfiia canescens, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. ii. p. 42. Alternanthera canescens, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 350. Sour Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1129), Chapultepec (Schaffner, 27), without locality (Parkinson; Bates; Beechey).—VeNEZzUELA. Hb. Kew. 3. Iresine cassinizformis, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 708. Soutn Mexico (Aschenborn, 169, 617, 618). 4. Iresine celosioides, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1456; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 347. Tresine polymorpha, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 56, tt. 153 et 154. Iresine diffusa, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 765; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 345. Tresine floribunda, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 7). Iresine eriophylia, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 347. Iresine celosioides, var. eriophylla, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 156. Soura CaroLina to Fioripa, Texas, and New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (Thurber); SovrH Mexico, Mazatlan (Seemann, 1462), Zimapan (Coulter, 368), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 896), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 199; Galeotti, 412, 413), around Oaxaca (Andrieuwx, 121), Jalapa and Mirador (Linden, 71 and 73), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 659), Yucatan and Tabasco (vohnson, 99); GuaTemMaLa, Volcan de Fuego, at 6000 feet (Salvin), San José de Guatemala (S. Hayes, 450); Honpuras, Tigré, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 338); Costa Rica (Endres); Panama, Empire Station (8. Hayes, 431), Chagres (Fendler, 260).—Southward to Peru and Bouivia. Hb. Kew. 5. Iresine elatior, Rich. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p.766; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 343. Rosea elatior, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. 11. p. 59, t. 155. Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert, 1059); Panama (Seemann).—West InpiEs and VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 6. Iresine frutescens, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 344. Sour Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 7. Iresine gossypina, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 708. Mexico (de Berghes). 22 AMARANTACEZ. 8. Iresine gracilis, Mart. et Gall. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 7); DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 345. SoutH Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 414). 9. Iresine hookeri, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 344. Lresine elongata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 308, non Humb. et Bonpl. Mexico (Beechey). Hb. Kew. 10. Iresine interrupta, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 156. Alternanthera richardii, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 353. Sour Mxxico, Tepic (Sinclair), Acapulco (Barclay), Cuernavaca » (Bourges 1283), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 11. Iresine latifolia, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 42. Alternanthera latifolia, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 351. Gomphrena latifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. (reprint, p. 9). Nort Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 792); Zacoalco, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 196, 1413), Yotla (Andrieux, 123). Hb. Kew. 12. Lresine, sp. GuaTEeMALA, Duefias (Fraser), without locality (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 20. DICRAURUS. Dicraurus, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 42. A shrubby monotype. 1. Dicraurus leptocladus, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 43. Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 790). Hb. Kew. Order CIX. CHENOPODIACEA. Chenopodiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 43. This Order is composed of herbs and small shrubs, the greater number inhabiting sea-shores, salt marshes, and stony deserts, whilst others are almost ubiquitous weeds of cultivation. Upwards of 500 species are known; and these are referred to eighty genera. : 1. CHENOPODIUM. Chenopodium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 309; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 51. A genus of about fifty herbaceous species, generally diffused in temperate regions, _ rarer in the tropics. Several of them are exceedingly common weeds of cultivation. CHENOPODIACEA. . 23 1. Chenopodium album, Linn.; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p.70; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 96. An Old-World species, now common in many parts of America, including Mexico. Hb. Kew. 2. Chenopodium ambrosioides, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 320; De. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 72; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 60. . Ambrina ambrosioides, Spach, Veg. Phan. v. p. 207. A common species in TRopicaAL AMERICA, now also common in most other warm countries. Hb. Kew. 3. Chenopodium berlandieri, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 23, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 63; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 95. FLORIDA ; Texas. —MExic0, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 1906), 4, Chenopodium bipinnatifidum, Moric., ex Mog. in DC. Prody. xiii. 2, p. 76. Ambrina dissecta, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 38. Mexico, mountains of Mexico (Berlandier, 613). 5. Chenopodium botrys, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 320; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 75; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 98. A European species, now wild in many other countries, including Mexico. Hb. Kew. 6. Chenopodium cornutum, Benth. et Hook. f., ex Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 482. Teloxys cornuta, Torr. in Bot. Whipple’s Exped. p. 129, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 182. Nortu Mexico, Mount Graham and Santa Rita del Cobre, within the old boundary (Rothrock). 7. Chenopodium fetidum, Schrad. in Mag. Gesell. Nat. Berl. 1808, p. 79, non Lam., ex Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 76. Chenopodium graveolens, Lag. et Rodr. in Ann. Sc. Nat. 1802, p. 70, t. 5 (non Willd.). Chenopodium schraderianum, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vi. p. 260. Botrydium schraderi, Spach, Veg. Phan. v. p. 299. Ambrina fetida, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 38. Chenopodium effusum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 6). Sour Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 722), peak of Orizaba, at 7000 to 8000 feet ( Galeottt, 384; Linden, 63), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 895). Hb. Kew. Mogquin gives the further distribution of this species as Buenos Ayres, Abyssinia, and the Cape of Good Hope. 8. Chenopodium fremontii, Wats. in King’s Rep. v. p. 287, et in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 94. CoLoraDo to CALIFORNIA, and southward to New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, on Mount Graham, within the old boundary (Rothrock). 24 CHENOPODIACEZ. _ [@. glaucum, Linn., a European species, occurs here and there in Mexico as an introduced weed. | 9. Chenopodium incisum, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. p. 392 ; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 75. SourH Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 847). 10. Chenopodium mexicanum, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 70. Sour Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 451). [C. murale, Linn., a European species, is an introduced weed in Mexico. | [ Beta vulgaris, Linn., occurs in Mexico as an escape from cultivation. | 2. ATRIPLEX. Atriplex, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1153; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 53. Herbs and shrubs. About 100 species, widely diffused in temperate and subtropical regions. 1. Atriplex acanthocarpa, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 117. Obione acanthocarpa, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 183. Texas; New Mexico._-Norta Mexico, Sonora (Thurber), San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila (Palmer, 1161). Hb. Kew. 2. Atriplex arenaria, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. i. p. 198. Obione arenaria, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 71, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 167. New Jersey southward.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 779); Sovrna Mexico, Tehuacan at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 377). Hb. Kew. 8. Atriplex elegans, Dictr. Syn. Pl. v. p. 537; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p-. 114. Obione elegans, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 118. Obione radiata, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 183. New Mexico; Arizona.—Norr Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter), Chihuahua (Thurber). 4. Atriplex canescens, James, Cat. p. 178; Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, ii. p. 239; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 120, nec Nutt. Gen. N. Am, Pl. i. p. 197. Obione tetraptera, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 48. Obione canescens, Torr. in Frem. Rep. p. 95, pro parte. Obione occidentalis, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 112. Atriplex berlandiert, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 65. Obione berlandieri, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 114. Atriplex occidentalis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. v. p. 537. Cotorabo to NEvapDA and southward to SourH Catirornia and New Mexico.——Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber), Sonora (Wright), Cerros Bravos (Gregg), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer), Parras &c. (Palmer). Hb. Kew. — CHENOPODIACER. 25 5. Atriplex greggii, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 118. Obione canescens, var., Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. P- 183. Obione acanthocarpa, Torr. loc. cit., pro parte. New Mexico.—Norty Mexico, Sonora. 6. Atriplex hymenelytra, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 119. Obione hymenelytra, Torr. in Pacif. Railr. Rep. iv. p. 129, t. 20, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 182. South Uta to Cantornra,—Norna Mexico ?, on the lower Gila (Schott). 7. Atriplex linifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 959; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 192. Obione linifolia, Moq. Chenop. Enum. p. 74, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 114. SoutH Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier).—Prrv. 8. Atriplex muricata, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 959; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 193. Obione? muricata, Mogq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 109. Obione? kunthiana, Moq. Chenop. Enum. p. 72. Mexico (Humboldt.& Bonpland). 9. Atriplex obovata, Moq. Chenop. Enum. p. 61, et in DC. Prod. xiii. 2, p. 99. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier). — 10. Atriplex oppositifolia, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 118. Norta Mexico, Matamoros (Berlandier, 3201). 11. Atriplex parvifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 192, et vii. p. 445. Sout Mexico, near San Juan del Rio, 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 12. Atriplex polygama, Sessé in Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 12. Obione? polygama, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 114. Obione ? salicifolia, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 74. Mexico? (Sessé). 13. Atriplex spinosa, Dietr. Syn, Pl. v. p. 536. . Atriplex confertifolia, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 119. Obione confertifolia, Torr. in Bot. Frem. Rep. p. 318. Obione spinosa, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 108. IpaHo and Wyominc southward to New Mexico.—NortaH Mexico, mountains near Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua (Bigelow). 3, EUROTIA. Eurotia, Adans. Fam, ii. p. 260; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 55. Three half-shrubby species inhabiting Southern Russia, Western and Central Asia, North-west India, and North-west America. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. eo 26 CHENOPODIACEZ. 1. Hurotia lanata, Mog. Chenop. Enum. p. 81, et in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 121; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 121. Eurotia ceratoides, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 126, nec C. A. Mey. SASKATCHEWAN southward to New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1164). Hb. Kew. 4, SPIROSTACHYS. Spirostachys, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 125, non Ung. Sternb.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ill. p. 63. 1. Spirostachys occidentalis, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 125, et in Bot. Calif. ii. p. 58. Arthrocnemum fruticosum, Torr. in Stansbury’s Rep. p. 394, non Mog. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 184, non Bunge. Halostachys occidentalis, Wats. in King’s Rep. v. p. 293. Northern Nevapa and Uta southward to New Mexico, Arizona, and CALIFoRNIA.— Nortu Mexico, Santa Rosa, Coahuila (Bigelow), Parras, Coahuila (Palmer). Hb. Kew. | 5. CORISPERMUM. Corispermum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 12; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 57. About eight annual species inhabiting the south of Europe, Western and Central Asia, and one China and one North-west America. 1. Corispermum hyssopifolium, Linn.; Pall. Fl. Ross. ii. p. 112, t. 98; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 140; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 123. Western North America from the Arctic OcEAN southward to CaLirornia and New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Watson).—Also in South-eastern Europe and Western and Central Asta. 6. SUADA. Sueda, Forsk. Fl. Egypt.-Arab. p. 69; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 66. Shrubs and herbs inhabiting sea-shores and salt deserts nearly all over the world. About forty species are known. 1. Sueda diffusa, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 88. Chenopodium maritimum, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, i. p. 239. Sueda maritima, Wats. in King’s Rep. v. p. 294, non Dum. Common on the alkaline plains from Nevapa and the UpprEer MissourI to TExas.— Norte Mexico, Gila valley abundant (Rothrock), Saltillo (Palmer). Hb. Kew. 2. Sueda suffrutescens, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 88. Sueda fruticosa, var. multiflora, Torr. in Pacif. Railr. Rep. iv. p. 180, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 184. Texas to Catirornia.—NortH Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer). Hb. Kew. CHENOPODIACEA. 27 3. Sueda torreyana, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 88. Chenopodina linearis, Torr. in Stansbury’s Rep. p. 394. Sueda fruticosa, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 387. Chenopodina moquini, Torr. in Pacif. Railr. Rep. vu. p. 18. Wyomine and Nevapa to Catirornia and New Mexico.—Norra Mexico (ex Watson). Hb. Kew? There is a specimen of a species of Sweda in Kew herbarium from South Mexico (Vera Cruz to Orizaba, Miller, 1379) which may belong to one of the foregoing. 7. SALSOLA. Salsola, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 311; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 71. Herbs, half-shrubs, and shrubs, the greater number inhabiting Europe, North Africa, and Temperate and Tropical Asia, ten South Africa, and one North and South America and Australasia. 1. Salsola kali, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 322; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p.187; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. ix. p. 85; Fl. Dan. t. 818. This species grows in North and South America, and covers nearly the whole range of the Order, except South Africa; but we have not seen any Mexican or Central- American specimens, though it may be expected to occur. 8. BOUSSINGAULTIA. Boussingaultia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vii. p. 194, t. 645 bis; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 77. Twining herbs, restricted to Tropical America. About ten species are known. 1. Boussingaultia baselloides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vii. p. 196, t. 645 bis ; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 228; Bot. Mag. t. 3620. Boussingaultia leptostachys, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 229. Soutn Mexico, Gonacatepec (Andrieux, 72)—And in South America southward to Soutn Braziu. Hb. Kew. 2. Boussingaultia ramosa, Hemsley. Tandonia ramosa, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 227. GuatemaLa, Duefias, at 5000 feet (Salvin), without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 9. ANREDERA. Anredera, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 84; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 78. An herbaceous twining monotype, endemic in America. e2 28 CHENOPODIACEZ. 1. Anredera scandens, Mog. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 230. Anredera spicata, Pers. Ench. 1. p. 297. Anredera vesiculosa, Poir. Dict. Suppl. i. p. 391. Basella vesicaria, Lam. Ill. Pl. t. 215. f. 1. Anredera vesicaria, Gertn. f. Fruct. t. 213. Polygonum scandens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 522. Trexas.—Mexico, Tula (Berlandier); Panama (Seemann).—Southward to Peru and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. Order CX. PHYTOLACCACE. Phytolaccacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 78. Trees, shrubs, or herbs that are usually woody at the base. There are about sixty species known, belonging to nineteen genera; and they are mostly natives of tropical and subtropical regions. A few inhabit temperate regions ; but the order is unrepre- sented in colder climates. 1. RIVINA. Rivina, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 162 (Rivinia); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 80. Herbaceous plants. An American genus of one or two, or, according to some authors, five species. We should regard all the forms as variations of one species. 1. Rivina humilis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 177; DC. Prody. xiii. 2, p. 13; Bot. Mag. t. 1781. Rivina levis, Linn. Mant. p. 41; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 11; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 59; Bot. Mag. t. 23383. | | Rivina orientalis, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xii. 2, p. 12. Rivina brasiliensis, Nocca in Usteri Ann. vi. p. 63. Rivina purpurascens, Schrad. Gen. Pl. Ill. p. 17, t. 5. Rivina lanceolata, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. p. 8. Rivina glabrata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. u. p. 184. Rivina mexicana, Mog. et Sessé in DC. Prodr. xiii, 2, p.14; DC. Calg. des Dess. Pl. Fl. Mex. . 1095. . An exceedingly common plant in Tropical and Subtropical America, including Muxico and Cenrran America. Also naturalized in many parts of the Old World. Hb. Kew. 2. VILLAMILLA. Villamilla, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Per. et Chil. Ic. ined. t. 402; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 81. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of four or five half-shrubby species. PHYTOLAOCACEZ. 29 1. Villamilla octandra, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 81. Rivina octandra, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 177; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 11. Rivina scandens, Mill. Dict. n. 2. Sourn Mxxico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 62) ; Panama, Barbacoas (S. Hayes). —Common in the West Inpizs and the north part of Sourn America. Hb. Kew. ; 3. PETIVERIA. | Petiveria, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 459; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 82. An herbaceous monotype, endemic in America. 1. Petiveria alliacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 486; DC. Prodr. xili. 2, p. 9; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 59; Desc. Fl. Antill. v. t. 374. Petiveria ochroleuca, Mogq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 9, et spp. auctor. alior. Fioripa.—Sovute Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7150), Yucatan (Linden, 95; Johnson, 98); Nicaracua, Realejo (Sinclair)—Common in eastern 8. AMERICA, southward to Rio Grande do Sul, and in the Wrst Inpizs. Hb. Kew. | 4, MICROTEA. Microtea, Sw. Prodr. 53, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 542, t. 12; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 82. An exclusively American genus of six or seven annual species. 1. Microtea debilis, Sw. Prodr. p. 53, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 543, t. 12; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 17; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 59. Guaremata, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 877); Nicaragua, Omotepé (Lévy, 271); PANAMA, Chagres (Fendler, 109), without locality (Seemann, 323 ; S. Hayes, 196).—And common in the West Inp1ss and tropical Soura America. “Hb. Kew. 5, PHYTOLACCA. Phytolacca, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 588; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 84. Shrubs, herbs, or rarely trees. About ten species, mostly inhabiting Tropical and Subtropical America; a few inhabit Eastern Asia, the Himalaya mountains, Asia Minor, and Africa. A specimen collected by Parry and Palmer in the State of San Luis Potosi may belong to P. decandra, Linn. 1. Phytolacca icosandra, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 631; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 33; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 58; Bot. Mag. t. 2633. Phytolacca purpurascens, A. Br. et Bouché in Linnea, xxv. p. 297? Phytolacca mexicana, Gertn. Fruct. i. p.377 ; Lam. Ill. Pl. t. 398 ; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, p. 571; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 34. Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 366) ; GuATEMALA, Cuesta de Atitlan (Bernoulli, 623); Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 142; Tate, 387, 388). —Southward to PERU and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 30 PHYTOLACCACE. 2. Phytolacca octandra, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 631; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 32; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 58. Phytolacca decandra, Desc. Fl. Antill. v. t. 312, non Linn. Phytolacca rugosa, A. Br. et Bouché in Linnea, xxv. p. 297 ? Phytolacca longispica, Moq. in DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 33? Soura Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 804; Miller, 414; Bourgeau, 2720), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 199; Graham; Schaffner), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2216), Toluca (Andrieux, 120); GuatEMAna, Volcan de Fuego, 6000 feet (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Peru and Urvevay, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 6. STEGNOSPERMA. Stegnosperma, Benth. ] Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 17; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 87. A shrubby monotype, confined to America. 1, Stegnosperma halimifolia, Benth. Bot. Voy. < Sulphur,’ p.17, t.12; Rich. Fl. Cub. t. 44 ter; DC. Prodr. xiii. 2, p. 36. Lower CaLiFoRNIAA—GUATEMALA, sea-shore (Friedrichsthal) Cua ; San Domineo. Hb. Kew. / 7. AGDESTIS. Agdestis, Mog. et Sessé in DC. Syst. Veg. i. p. 543 ; Prodr. i. p. 103; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 87. An herbaceous twining monotype. 1. Agdestis clematidea, Mog. et Sessé in DC. Prodr. i. p.103; Calg. des Dess. Pl. Fl. Mex. 12. (Tab. LXXT.) Agdestis teterrima, De Notar. Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Genuen. 1855 ; Walp. Ann. vii. p. 69? “ Fructus inferus, turbinatus, perianthii segmentis alatus, 1-locularis, 1-spermus, pericarpio coriaceo semini adhzrente,” ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 87, sed fructus seepius 3-4-locularis, 3—4-spermus. Trexas.—Mexico, Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 146), Tlacolola, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 71), Yucatan (Linden, 109). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXI. Fig. 1, a flower; 2, portion of perianth and base of stamens; 3, front view of a stamen; 4, back view of ditto ; 5, vertical section of ovary; 6, ripe fruit with persistent perianth: all enlarged. The description of A. teterrima, De Notaris, agrees exactly with dried specimens of the original A. clematidea. Whether the statement “ tota planta odore feetido, nausea- bundo scatet” is applicable to our plant we cannot say. BATIDEA. 31 Order CXI. BATIDEZ. Batidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 88. This Order consists of a single species, Batis maritima, Linn., indigenous in America (and the Sandwich Islands?), and ranging from Florida, the West Indies, and Venezuela to Brazil. It also occurs in California, and is very likely to be found within the limits of this enumeration. Order CXII. POLYGONACEA. Polygonacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 88. Herbs, shrubs, or trees. About 600 species, belonging to thirty genera, and dispersed nearly all over the world. The arboreous element is almost exclusively tropical American; and the shrubby species are mainly congregated in the Eastern Mediter- ranean region and in Western Asia. | 1. ERIOGONUM. Eriogonum, Mich. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p- 246, t. 24; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 92; Torr. et A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viil.; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xu. This genus is confined to North America, chiefly western, a few species extending into Mexico; and it comprises about 100 herbaceous and half-shrubby species. 1. Eriogonum abertiana, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 151; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 21; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 189, et xii. p. 258. Luxas: New Mexico; Arizona.—Norra Mexico, Chihuahua (ex Torrey & Gray), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. 2. Eriogonum alatum, Torr. in Sitgreave’s Rep. p. 168, t. 8; DC. Prodr. xiv. p- 6; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 154, et xii. p. 254. Nepraska to Texas and Arizona.—NortH Mexico, near the copper-mines (Bigelow ; Thurber). Hb. Kew. | 3. Eriogonum annuum, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. v. p. 164; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 19; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 173, et xu. p. 262. Cotorapo to the Rocky Movuntains, and southward to TEXas. —Norm MEXIco, Chihuahua (Thurber). 4, Eriogonum atrorubens, Engelm. Pl. Wisliz. p. 24; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 7; Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 154, et xii. p. 261. Norts Mexico, Cosiquiriachi, Chihuahua (Wislizenus), mountains east of Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 2088). Hb. Kew. 32 POLYGONACEZ. 5. Eriogonum cernuum, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Sc. Philad. n. s. i. p.162; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 21; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 182, et xii. p. 259. OREGON to CoLoraDo and New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, on the Gila (Schott). 6. Eriogonum ciliatum, Torr., ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 20; Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 186, et xii. p. 261. Norta Mexico, Buena Vista, near Coahuila (Edwards), near Monterey (Gregq). Hb. Kew. 7. Eriogonum deflexum, Torr. in Ives’s Colorado Exped., Bot. p. 24; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 181, et xii. p. 259. Nevapa and Urtan to CairorntA.—Norta Mexico, within the old boundary at Tucson (Palmer). 8. Eriogonum fasciculatum, Benth., y. polifolium, Torr. et Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad, viii. p. 169. . Eriogonum polifolium, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 12. CaLirornis.—NortH Mexico, lower Gila. 9. Eriogonum gregegii, Torr. et Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 187; Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xii. p. 262. NortH Mexico, near San Juan de la Vaqueria, Nuevo Leon (Gregq), Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1176). Hb. Kew. 10. Eriogonum hieracifolium, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p.6; Proc. Am. Acad, xii. p. 254. _ Tuxas.—Nortu Mexico ?, Rio Grande valley (ex Watson). 11. Eriogonum jamesii, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 7; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 155, et xii. p. 255. | CoLorapo to New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, without locality (Palmer,1172). Hb. Kew. 12. Eriogonum pharnaceoides, Torr. in Sitgreave’s Rep. p. 167, t. 11; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 22; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 189, et xii. p. 258. New Mexico; Arizona.—Norta Mexico, near Janos, Chihuahua (Thurber). 13. Eriogonum polycladon, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p.16; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 178. Eriogonum helianthemifolium, Benth. loc. cit. p. 15. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts). Hb. Kew. 14, Eriogonum rotundifolium, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 21; Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 183, et xii. p. 260. Trexas.—Norru Mexico, Santa Maria, Coahuila (Wright). Hb. Kew. 15. Eriogonum tenellum, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, ii. p. 241; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 19; Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 186, et xii. p. 261. POLYGONACEA. | 338 CotoraDo to New Mexico and Texas.—Norta Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1173). Hb. Kew. B. ramosissimum, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 20. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Soledad, twenty-five miles south-west of Monclova (Palmer, 1174). Hb. Kew. 16. Eriogonum thomasii, Torr. in Pacif. Railr. Rep. iv. p. 364; Torr. et Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 184. CaLirornia; ARrizona.—NortH Mexico, within the old boundary at Camp Grant (Palmer). 17. Eriogonum undulatum, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 7; Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 155, et xii. p. 255. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 3111). Hb. Kew. 18. Eriogonum wrightii, Torr., ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 15; Proc. Am. Acad. vill. p. 176, et xii. p. 266. Cattrornia to New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Thurber), Camp Grant (Roth- rock), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer,796). Hb. Kew. ' 19. Eriogonum, sp. n. ? NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1175). Hb. Kew. 2. CHORIZANTHE. Chorizanthe, R. Br.; Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xvii. p. 146, t. 19; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. lll. p. 93. About thirty species, of which eight are Chilian, and the rest Californian. All the Californian species are annual herbs; with one exception the Chilian species are perennial herbs or half-shrubs. 1. Chorizanthe brevicornu, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 177. Nevapa and Co.Lorapo to Arizona and Ca.irornta.—NortH Mexico, on the Gila (Parry). 3. POLYGONUM. Polygonum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 495 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 97. This genus is dispersed nearly all over the world ; and some of the species are almost cosmopolitan. ‘There are about 150 distinct species, mostly herbaceous. 1. Polygonum acre, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 179; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 108 (varietates); Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 161; Fl. Bras. xiv. t. 5. PennsyLvania to Texas.—Mexico (Miller, 568; Botteri, 813; Bourgeau, 2658) ; GUATEMALA (Bernoulli, 134); Panama (Fendler)—And southward to BuEnos AYRES, as well as in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Polygonum acuminatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 178; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 114 (varietates) ; Griseb. Fl, Brit. W. Ind. p. 161; Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. t. 4. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. f 84 POLYGONACER. Soutu Mexico, Chilapilla, Tabasco (Zinden)—Common in eastern Soura AMERICA and in the West Inpirs. Hb. Kew. 8. Polygonum amphibium, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.517; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 115 (varie- tates); A. Gr. Man. Bot. ed. 5, p. 416; Fl. Dan. t. 282. Mexico (Bourgeau).—A very widely dispersed species in the temperate and sub- tropical regions of the NorTHERN HemisPHERE. Hb. Kew. 4. Polygonum aviculare, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 519; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 97 (varie- tates); A. Gr. Man. Bot. ed. 5, p. 417. Mexico (Bourgeau)—One of the commonest weeds of temperate and subtropical countries all over the world, supposed to have spread from Europe or Asia. Hb. Kew. 5. Polygonum glabrum, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 447; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 114; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 161; Wight’s Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1799. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1579; Sallé), Jalapa (Linden, 83), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau).— West InpiEs, southward to Uruguay ; also in the Paciric Isuanps, India, and Cuina. Hb. Kew. 6. Polygonum hispidum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 178; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 122. GUATEMALA, valley of Guatemala (Hartweg), Llano de San y uan de Dios (Ba noulli, 139).—CoLomBia; Guiana; Braziu; Cusa. Hb. Kew. | 7. Polygonum hydropiperoides, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 239; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 103. et 6. vergatum, Meissn.; A. Gr. Man. Bot. ed. 5, p. 416. Polygonum virgatum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, iu. p. 45. Eastern CanabDa to FLoripaA.—MExico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2290), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1165).—Braziu; Cam. Hb. Kew. 8. Polygonum lapathifolium, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 517; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 119; A. Gr. Man. Bot. ed. 5, p. 415. Eastern Canaba southward.—Mexico (Botteri, 811, 812; Bourgeau, 628; Coulter, 1385 ; Berlandier, 2342); Guaremana (Bernoulli).—Also in Sourn America. This very widely dispersed weed of cultivation was probably introduced into America. Hb. Kew. 9. Polygonum nodosum, Pers. Enchir. i. p. 440; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 118. Mexico; GuateMaLa. Another very widely spread species, of which it is impossible to say where it is indigenous and where it is naturalized. Hb. Kew. 10. Polygonum pennsylvanicum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 519; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 120; A. Gr. Man. Bot. ed. 5, p. 388. Common in eastern Norru America—Mexico (Ehrenberg ex Meissner). 11. Polygonum persicarioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 179; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 117. South Mzxico, Real del Monte to Zimapan (Coulter, 1384), region of Orizaba (Miller, 1611; Botteri, 815, 816)—Conomsia to Guiana and Cutt. Hb. Kew. POLYGONACEZ. 35 12. Polygonum segetum, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 177; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 120 (varietates). ' Sout Mexico, Zacatecas (Hartweg, 105), near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 451), without locality (Zinden).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 13. Polygonum tenue, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 238; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 100. Canapa to New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, within the old boundary at Santa Rita del Cobre (Wright, 1776). Hb. Kew. 4, RUMEX. Rumex, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 451; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 100. . Herbs or rarely shrubs. About 130 species have been enumerated; but some authors estimate the number at less than 100. They are generally dispersed in north temperate regions, and rarer within the tropics and in the southern hemisphere. A few species are almost cosmopolitan weeds of cultivation. Most of the Mexican specimens in Kew herbarium have not been determined. All together they represent about six species. 1. Rumex berlandieri, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 45. Lovistana.—Mexico, Matamoros and around Tampico (Berlandier).—Caut. 2. Rumex brevipes, Meissn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. p. 55. Sourn Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier, 243 ; Ehrenberg, 40). 3. Rumex chrysocarpus, Moris. Enum. Sem. Fl. Taurin. 1831; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 46. Mexico ?; Cui? 4, Rumex crispus, Linn., var. mexicanus, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 13). | South Mexico, Misteca Alta and Yavezia, near Oaxaca, at 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 476). [Rumex kunthianus, Schult. f. Syst. Nat. vii. p. 1423; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 45; _R. longifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 180, incorrectly recorded as Mexican. ] 5. Rumex maritimus, Linn.? DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 59. Sour Mexico, Chapultepec (Schaffner, 1), near Mexico (Bourgeau, 200). Hb. Kew. 6. Rumex mexicanus, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 45. SoutH Mzxico, around Leon (Mendez), without locality (Schiede, 90; Ehrenberg). 5. MUEHLENBECKTIA. Muehlenbeckia, Meissn. Gen. Plant. p. 316; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 101.’ Shrubs or half-shrubs inhabiting Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific Islands, and America, from Mexico through the Andes to extratropical regions. About fifteen species are known. } /2 56 POLYGONACEZ. 1. Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia, Meissn. Gen. ii. p. 227, et in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 149 (varietates). | Polygonum tamnifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 180. Muchlenbeckia benthamii et M. quadrangulata, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. p. 51. Polygonum flecuosum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 80. Polygonum quadrangulatum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. p. 853. SourH Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 455; Linden, 84) ; GUATEMALA, Quezaltenango (Hartweg).—Co.omsBi1a to Coin. Hb. Kew. 2. Muehlenbeckia vulcanica, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 148. Muehlenbeckia volcanica, Endl. Gen. Plant. Suppl. iv. p. 51. Polygonum volcanicum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 81. GuATEMALA, under the summit of Volcan de Xetuch, Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 562). Hb. Kew. 6. COCCOLOBA. Coccoloba, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 496; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 102. Trees or shrubs, sometimes lofty climbers. The genus is peculiar to America, and comprises nearly eighty species, which, with few exceptions in Mexico and Florida, inhabit the tropical regions. 1. Coccoloba barbadensis, Jacq., 6. mexicana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 153. Mexico (Schiede). Grisebach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 163) reduces C. barbadensis, Jacq., to a variety of C. punctata, Linn. 2. Coccoloba caracasana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 157. GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica (ex Meissner); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 557).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 3. Coccoloba humboldti, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 163. Sours Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Hrvendberg), dunes of the Pacific Ocean (Galeotti, 7218), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 49; Gouin). Hb. Kew. 4. Coccoloba leptostachya, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur, p. 159; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 163. Panama (Seemann, 1167 bis)—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 5. Coccoloba manzinellensis, Beurling in Kong. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1854, p. 142. Panama, Island of Manzinella (belberq). 6. Coccoloba pubescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 532; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 152; Bot. Mag. t. 3166. Mexico, cult. ? (Schiede).—West InDIES; GUIANA. 7. Coccoloba strobilulifera, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 169. Nicaragua, Omotepé (friedrichsthal).—CoLoMBIA. POLYGONACEA. 37 8. Coccoloba uvifera, Jacq. Amer. p. 112, t. 73; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 152; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 192; Bot. Mag. t. 3130. FLorRipA.— Panama, Chagres (fendler, 287)—VENEZUELA to Brazin and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 7. CAMPDERIA. Campderia, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 159; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 102. Three shrubby or small arboreous species, inhabiting Mexico, Central America, and Brazil. | 1. Campderia floribunda, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 160, t. 52. Campderia mexicana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 171. Sournh Mexico, Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 115); Honpuras, Isle de Tigré, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 2. Campderia lindeniana, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 103. Sourn Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1602). Hb. Kew. 3. Campderia nematostachya, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 4. Panama (Duchassaing). 8. ANTIGONON. Antigonon, Endl. Gen. Plant. p. 310; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 103. A genus of climbing shrubs endemic in Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. They are very ornamental, and commonly cultivated on that account. 1. Antigonon cinerascens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 14); DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 184. South Mexico, Tlacolola, Oaxaca (Andrieua, 116), Jalapa (Galeotti, 462), Sierra del Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 197). Hb. Kew. 2. Antigonon cordatum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux x. (reprint, p. 14); DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 184. Soura Mexico, near Puente Nacional and La Antigua (Galeotti, 463), Tolololapa, Oaxaca (Andrieuz, 117). Hb. Kew. 3, Antigonon guatemalense, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 184. Polygonum grandiflorum, Bertol. Fl. Guat. p. 12. Anligonon insigne, Mast. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vil. p. 780? GuateMata, Esquintla (Velasquez), Motagua (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner) ; Costa Rica (Endres).—CotomsBia. Hb. Kew. 4. Antigonon leptopus, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 308, t. 69; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 184; Bot. Mag. t. 5816. Sour Mexico, Mazatlan to San Sebastian (Seemann, 1463), San Blas to —Tepie (Coulter, 1389 ; Galeotti, 462 ; Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 9. PODOPTERUS. Podopterus, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 104. A shrubby monotype. 38 POLYGONACEZ. 1. Podopterus mexicanus, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 89, t. 107; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 171; Lam. Ill. Suppl. t. 940. South Mexico, around Vera Cruz (Humboldt & Bonpland), Manzanilla Bay (Barclay), Hb. Kew. 10. TRIPLARIS. Triplaris, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 103; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 104. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of trees. Twenty-five species have been enumerated; but there are probably not more than ten distinct ones. | 1. Triplaris auriculata, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 174. Mexico (Pavon).—Co.omsta ? 2. Triplaris cumingiana, Fisch. et Mey. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. série 6, vi. p. 148; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 175; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 192. Triplaris colombiana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 175. Panama, Remedios, Veraguas (Seemann, 1168), along the railroad (S. Hayes, 121). Hb. Kew. | 11. RUPRECHTIA. Ruprechtia, C. A. Mey. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. série 6, vi. p. 148, t. 4; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 104. A genus of about twenty arboreous and shrubby species, endemic in America, and ranging from Mexico to extratropical South America. 1. Ruprechtia cumingii, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 179. Ruprechtia costata, Meissn. loc. cit. p. 180? Soutn Mexico, neighbourhood of Tlacatalpan (Hahn); Guatemala (friedrichsthal) ; SatvaDor, Acajutla (S. Hayes, 458); Panama and—Co.ompia (Cuming, 1148). Hb. Kew. 2. Ruprechtia, sp? Mexico, without locality (Parkinson; Bates). Hb. Kew. Series II. MULTIOVULATAZ AQUATICA. Order CXIII. PODOSTEMACE. Podostemacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 105. Aquatic herbs, usually growing on submerged rocks in running water. There are ~ twenty-one genera, comprising about 120 species, which are widely dispersed in Tropical America, Africa, and Asia; a very few inhabit extratropical South Africa and North America; one has been found in Tropical Australia; and one doubtful member of the order has been found in South-western Europe. 1. TRISTICHA. Tristicha, Thouar. Nov. Gen. Madag. p. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant iii. p. 108. Three or four species in Tropical America and Africa. PODOSTEMACEA, © 39 1. Tristicha hypnoides, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. pars 2, p. 10 ;.DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 44 (varietates) ; Tulasne, Monogr. p. 186. Tristicha bryoides, Gard. in Wight’s Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t.:1920. GuateMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 39), without locality (Skinner); Costa Rica (Endres).—CotomBia to Guiana and Brazi; Tropical and South Arrica, and Mapa- GascaR. Hb. Kew. 2. MARATHRUM. Marathrum, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 39; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 110. This genus is confined to America, and consists of about six species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Marathrum flexuosum, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. 511. SourH Mxxico, Guatulco, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 2. Marathrum foniculaceum, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. p. 40, t. 11; Tul. Monogr. p. 74; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 53. Lacis feniculacea, Bong. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. série 6, ill. p. 74. Mexico (Henke).—Co.LomBIia. Tulasne by mistake referred foliage collected by Seemann in Panama of M/. orycarpum to this. 3. Marathrum oxycarpum, Tul. Monogr. p. 76; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 54. Marathrum feniculaceum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 197, non Humb. et Bonpl. GUATEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli); Nicarnasua (Yate); Panama, in all the rivers of Veraguas and Western Panama (Seemann). Hb. Kew. Tulasne misnamed foliage of this, collected by Seemann, 17. feniculacewm, whereupon the latter assumed that these two very distinct species were the same. 4. Marathrum? riccizforme, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. 512. Sour Mexico, Huitamalco, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 5. Marathrum schiedeanum, Tul. Monogr. p. 77; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 53. Lacis (Marathrum) schiedeana, Cham. in Linnea, ix. p. 504, t. 6. Sout Mexico, Rio de Actopan, near Actopan, and Rio de Tioselo, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede); GuaTeMaLa, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew: ” 6. Marathrum tenue, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. oll. South Mexico, Huitamalco, Vera Cruz (Ldebmann). 3. OSERYA. Oserya, Tul. et Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xi. p.105 ; DO. Prodr. xvii. p. 83; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 114. Four species, inhabiting Mexico, Guiana, and Brazil. 40) PODOSTEMACEZ. 1. Oserya coulteriana, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 8, xi. p. 106; Monogr. p. 155, t. 10. fig. 2 SoutH Mexico, San Blas to Guadalaxara (Coulter, 1394). Hb. Kew. 4, POTAMOBRYON. Potamobryon, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. 512. This genus is not taken up in Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum ;’ and both Weddell and Tulasne overlooked it. Liebmann describes it as monandrous, with a perianth of four scale-like leaves and an unequally two-valved capsule. 1. Potamobryon concinnum, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. 5138. South Mexico, Maloapam, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 2. Potamobryon laxum, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1849, p. 014. Souro Mexico, near Paso de Ovejas, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 3. Potamobryon patulum, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Natur. Kidbenh. 1849, p- 515. SoutH Mexico, Barranca de San Francisco, near Mirador, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Series III. MULTIOVULATZ TERRESTRES. Order CXIV. CYTINACE. Cytinacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 116. Fleshy parasitical herbs, sometimes reduced to a single flower sessile on a branch or root of the nurse-plant. About twenty-two species are known—and they are referred to seven genera. They inhabit the south of Europe, Africa, America, and Trepical Asia, 1, CYTINUS. Cytinus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1232; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 118. Root-parasites. Four species are known—one in the Mediterranean region, one in South Africa, and two in Mexico. 1. Cytinus americanus, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 246; Hook. f. in DC. Predr. xvii. p. 108 (quoad plantam Barclayanam tantum); A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. v. p. 188. Scytanthus bambusarum, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kidbenh. 1847, p. 183. Bdallophytum ceratantherum, Fichl. in Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 715, t. 8 A. figg. 1-5 (male-perianthium vere 7—9-partitum). South Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann), without locality (Barclay), Wartenberg, Tantoyuca (ELrvendberg). Hb. Kew. CYTINACEA. 4] 2. Cytinus andrieuxii, Hemsley. Cytinus americanus, Hook. f. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 108, pro parte. ‘Bdallophytum andrieuzii, Hichl. in Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 715, t. 8B. SoutH Mexico, between Huauapan and Oaxaca (Andrieux, 50). Hb. Kew. [Pilostyles thurberi, A. Gr. in Mem. Am. Acad. n.s. v. p. 326, et Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. t. 52, was collected near the Gila; whether north or south is not recorded. It was parasitical on the branches of Dalea emoryi. | [The small order Nepenthacee is restricted to the tropics of the Old World. | Order CXV. ARISTOLOCHIACE. Aristolochiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 121. Herbs or shrubs, many of them twiners, and some lofty climbers. There are five genera, comprising about 200 species, which are generally diffused in warm countries, ‘rarer in temperate regions, especially in the southern hemisphere. 1. ARISTOLOCHIA. Aristolochia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1022; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 123. Herbs or shrubs, many of them climbers, and some of them very tall climbers; very few arboreous. Nearly 200 species are enumerated, and they cover the whole range of the order. Guaco mexicana, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Kiobenh. 1847, p. 203, is doubtless a species of this genus. 1. Aristolochia arborea, Lind.; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 477; Bot. Mag. t. 5295. Soura Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 2. Aristolochia brevipes, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p..15; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 441. Einomeia brevipes, K1. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 606. Soura Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 6. wrightii, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 441; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 331, t. 72 (species). New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2175), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. 3. Aristolochia bracteosa, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 37, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 441. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 4. Aristolochia costaricensis, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 450. Howardia costaricensis, Kl. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 614. Costa Rica (Hoffmann ; Warscewicz). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. 9 42 ARISTOLOCHIACEA. 5. Aristolochia flexuosa, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 65, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 442. | | Sourn Mexico (Ghiesbreght). 6. Aristolochia foetens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1824; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 473. Panama, Frijoli station (8S. Hayes, 107).—West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 7. Aristolochia fotida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 147, t. 114; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 440. Howardia (Pedinochilus) fetida, K\. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 619. Soutn Mexico, near Ario, at 5550 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 8. Aristolochia galeottii, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 44, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 450. Sourn Mexico, San Blas and Mazatlan (Galeotti, 212). 9, Aristolochia gibbosa, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p.53; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 459. Aristolochia odoratissima, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 82, non Linn. Howardia (Pedinochilus) benthamii, K1. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 620. Sourn Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght); GuatemaLa, San Antonio, Retalhuleu (Har¢- weg). Hb. Kew. | 10. Aristolochia glandulosa, Kickx, 8. glabra, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 452. Aristolochia macradenia, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4467. Howardia (Cyphomanthemum) macradenia, K1. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 618. Sourn Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. Typical A. glandulosa inhabits Cuba. 11. Aristolochia grandiflora, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1566; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 472; Bot. Mag. tt. 4368, 4369. Aristolochia gigas, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 60. Howardia (Sterigmaria) grandiflora, K\, in Monatsb. 1859, p. 610. GuaTEMALA, Las Nubes, Cerro de Zunil, 4350 feet (Salvin), without locality (Skinner).—West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 12. Aristolochia inflata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii p. 145, t. iii.; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 458. Saw Satvapor (Bernoulli, 11); Panama (Seemann, 288; Hinds). Hb. Kew. 13. Aristolochia karwinskii, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 442. Mexico (Karwinski). ARISTOLOCHIACEA. . 43 14. Aristolochia mathewsii, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 497. Aristolochia reticulata, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 193, non Nutt. . Panama, David, Veraguas (Seemann, 1242).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 15. Aristolochia maxima, Linn. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 1361. a. Maxima, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 456; J acq. Amer. t. 146. GuatEMALa (Friedrichsthal).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. y. angustifolia, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 457. Howardia (Pedinochilus) hoffmannii, K\. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 621. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 16. Aristolochia micrantha, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 35, t. 5. figg. 9-17, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 440. Einomeia berlandieri, K1. in Monatsb. 1859, p. 606. Sourn Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier). 17. Aristolochia odoratissima, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1362 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 474; Descourt. Fl. Ant. v. t. 356. Mexico (ex Duchartre); CentraL America (ex Duchartre).—VENEZUELA; JAMAICA. Hb. Kew. p. grandiflora, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 475. Sout Mexico, Tabasco (Linden, 49). 18. Aristolochia orbicularis, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 59, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 467. | Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 19. Aristolochia ovalifolia, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 50, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 453. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca, at about 2000 feet (Galeotti, 213). 90. Aristolochia pardina, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 47, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 450. SoutH Mexico, Colima (Ghiesbreght). 21. Aristolochia pavoniana, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 55, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 465. Mexico (Pavon). 92. Aristolochia sericea, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 81; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 438. Siphisia sericea, K1. in Monatsh. 1859, p. 603. ; GuatemaLa, Comitlan (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 44 ARISTOLOCHIACEZ. 98. Aristolochia taliscana, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 309; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 452. Souta Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Coulter, 1413), Jalisco (Beechey), Manzanilla Bay (Barclay), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 94, Aristolochia tricaudata, Duchar. in Ill. Hort. t. 523; Bot. Mag. t. 6067. Soura Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 800). Hb. Kew. 25. Aristolochia trilobata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1361; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 444. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 440)—Gviana to Brazit, and in the West INDIES. Hb. Kew. 26. Aristolochia uhdeana, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 465. Mexico (Uhde). 27. Aristolochia variifolia, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 65, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 442. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 208). Hb. Kew. 28. Aristolochia valentina, Duchar. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, ii. p. 39, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 443. MEXICco. 29, Aristolochia veraguensis, Duchar. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 458. Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). [Aristolochia repens, A. conferta, and A. scandens, Mill. Dict., recorded from Mexico, are doubtful species. | Series [V. MICREMBRYE. Order CXVI. PIPERACE. Piperacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 125. Herbs, shrubs, very few arboreous. About 1000 species referred to eight genera. A very large proportion of the species inhabit tropical countries; and the order is unrepresented in Europe. 1. HOUTTUYNIA. Houtiuynia, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 12; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 128. A genus of three herbaceous species, whereof one has a wide range from the Himalayas through China to Japan, and a second doubtful one inhabits China. PIPERACEA, 45 1. Houttuynia californica, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 128. Anemiopsis californica, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 390, t. 92; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 237; Bot. Mag. t. 5292; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 208. Anemiopsis bolanderi, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 833 ? Trxas to CauirorniA.—Norta Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1184), Chihuahua (ex Torrey); Soura Mexico, Leon (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 2. PIPER. Piper, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 48, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 129. Upwards of 600 species of this genus have been described ; many of them, however, are imperfectly known, and it is probable that with fuller materials a, considerable reduction of this number would be made. Some of them are tall herbs, and others are trees; but most of them are shrubs, some of them of climbing habit. 1. Piper aduncum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 41; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 285; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. t. 210; Descour. Fl. Antill. iii. t. 230. Artanthe adunca, Miq.; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 171. Steffensia alunca, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 633. SourtH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 257, 574; Bourgeau, 2054), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1606, 1958), Jalapa (Galeott:); British Honpuras, Belize (March) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 268).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and in the West INDIEs. Hb. Kew. 2. Piper angustifolium, Ruiz et Pav. Pl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 38, t. 57. fig. a; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 285 (varietates). Piper granulosum, Ruiz et Pav. loc. cit. p. 38, t. 64. fig. 5. Mexico (Sallé ; Botteri); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 269), in meadows around Panama (Seemann, 117).—Cotompia and VENEZUELA to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Piper artanthopse, C. DC. in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. xviii. t. 1. fig. 13, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 325. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hoffmann). 4, Piper auritum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p.54; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 320. Schilleria aurita, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 713. Artanthe aurita, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 400. Artanthe seemanniana, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 199, t. 39. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bottert, 221; Bourgeau, 2135); Guaremaa (frie- drichsthal) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 157 ; fate, 308, 368); Panama, Mamei (S. Hayes, 937).—CoLomBia. Hb. Kew. 6. schiedeanum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 321. Mexico (Schiede & Deppe). 46 PIPERACEA. y. amplifolium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 321. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 5. Piper begonizfolium, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 810; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Mexico. 6. Piper berlandieri, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 295. Soutn Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier), region of Orizaba and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1491, 2316, 2649), Vera Cruz (Gouin). Hb. Kew. 7. Piper berteroanum, C. DC. in DC. Prod. xvi. 1, p. 249. Enckea discoloy, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 595. . Soutn Mexico, shady woods of Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe; Coulter, 1897; Galeotti). —Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 8. Piper bourgeaui, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 358. Sout Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1287). Hb. Kew. 9. Piper bredemeyeri, Jacq. Eclog. i. p. 125, t. 84; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 271. Artanthe bredemeyeri, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 429. SoutH Mexico, banks of the Rio Grande, Guadalajara (Galeotti, 6014); GuatEma.a ? Volcan de Fuego, ridge above Calderas (Salvin) —VENEZUELA to Ecuapor and BRazIL. Hb. Kew. 10. Piper caladiifolium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 330. Artanthe caladiifolia, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 387. Mexico. 11. Piper candelarianum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 357. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (sted). 12. Piper cardiophyllum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Piper populifolium, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 160. Artanthe cardiophylia, Presl, Epim. Bot. p. 225 (solum nomen). Artanthe aegeirophylia, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 391. Mexico (Henke). 13. Piper cartagoanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 350. Costa Rica, Cartago (rsted). 14. Piper (Artanthe) casimirianum, Hemsley, n. sp. Ramis gracilibus glabrescentibus, foliis ampliusculis longiuscule petiolatis membranaceis ovato- ellipticis penninerviis, spicis breviter pedunculatis gracillimis foliis fere equilongis, bracteis glabris. Herba vel frutex cito glaber, ramis gracilibus, striatis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, ovato-elliptica, 7~9 poll. longa, 3-4 poll. lata, basi rotundata, apice acuminata, obtusiuscula, PIPERACEZ. AT: cinereo-pulverulenta, venis primariis lateralibus utrinque 5-6 subtus prominentibus ; petiolus 14-2 poll. longus. Spice oppositifoliz, breviter pedunculatz, gracillime, foliis fere equilonge ; bractez minute, glabra ; stamina 3?; stylus brevissimus, subinteger. Fructus deest. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 383, 264). Hb. Kew. 15. Piper ceanothifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 56; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 247; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 22). Enkea ceanothifolia, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 597. Souta Mexico, Hjutla near Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6014).—West InpiEs to Braziu. 16. Piper chamissonis, Steud. Nom. Bot; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 283. Artanthe chamissonis, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 457. Steffensia oblonga, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 625. Piper oblongum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 73 (excl. synon.). SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti). 17. Piper chinantlense, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 21); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 380. South Mexico, Chinantla, eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 feet (Galeottz, 6020). 18. Piper colipanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 349. Sour Mexico, Colipa, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Mirador, and Chinantla (Lieb- mann). Hb. Kew. 19. Piper cordillerianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 332. Pothomorphe lessertiana, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 210, et Ill. Pip. t. 26. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3500 feet (Galeott?, 6006). 20. Piper cordovanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 352. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau). 21. Piper cordulatum, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 217, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 298. - Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 267). Hb. Kew. 22. Piper costaricense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 328. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 93. Piper crassispicatum, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 162; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 373. Artanthe crassispicatum, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 521. Panama (Henke). 24. Piper cuernavacanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 363. Souta Mrxico, Cuernavaca, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1386). 48 PIPERACEA. 25. Piper darienense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Ottonia glaucescens, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 200. Panama, San Lorenzo, Veraguas (Seemann, 1218). Hb. Kew. In the Botany of the ‘Herald,’ the habitat given for this plant is “ woods, Darien ;” but there is no doubt that is an error, as Seemann’s own writing in Kew Herbarium shows. Similar discrepancies are not uncommon in Seemann’s Panama plants. 26. Piper decipiens, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 273. Artanthe decipiens, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 462. Soutu Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6016). 27. Piper decrescens, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 251. Enckea decrescens, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 440. Mexico, Hacienda de los Naranjos (Seemann, 1455); Cunrran America (Beechey). Hb. Kew. B. ovatum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 261. Nicaragua, Granada (Lriedrichsthal). 28. Piper decurrens, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 215, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 302. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (Hoffmann). 29. Piper descourtilsianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 281. Soura Mexico, Mirador, et Puente Nacional (Linden). 30. Piper diandrum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 364. SoutH Mexico, Pital, Colipa, Mirador, Santa Maria, Tlapacoya, &c. (Liebmann) ; GuaTEMALA (Bernoulli, 267). 31. Piper dilatatum, Rich. ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 314. Schilleria ulmifolia et S. corylifolia, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. pp. 698, 699. Artanthe ulmifolia et A. corylifolia, Mig. Syst. Pip. pp. 472 et 474. SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1374; Hahn), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1988); Panama, pastures around the city of Panama (Seemann, 116).— CoLoMBIA to GuIANA and Brazi1, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 32. Piper disjunctum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 334. Soura Mexico, between Huatusco and Jalapa, and at Santiago Estata, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 33. Piper ellipticum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 443; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 874. Nicaracua, Realejo (Beechey). 34. Piper epigynium, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 346. Costa Rica, Turrialva, 3000 feet (@rsted). PIPERACEA. 49 35. Piper fischerianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 277. Mexico (Karwinski). 36. Piper friedrichsthalii, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 327. GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. — 37. Piper globosum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 340. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (rsted). 38. Piper guanacastense, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 356 (sphalmate guana- costense). Nicaracua, Guanacaste (sted). . 39. Piper grandifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 46; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 310. | Schilleria grandifolia, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 709. Artanthe grandifolia et A. riparia, Mig. Syst. Pip. pp. 408 et 409. Artanthe, sp. nova, Mig. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 198. Panama, village of Araijan (Seemann, 417). Hb. Kew. 40. Piper hirsutum, Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 15; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 276. | Artanthe hirsuta, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 446. British Honpuras, Belize (March); Nicaraeva, Chontales (Seemann, 156); Panama, near the city of Panama (S. Hayes, 740).—Southward to Perv and Braziu and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 41. Piper irazuanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 340. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (@rsted). 42, Piper jalapense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 277. Artanthe jalapense, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 444. Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1401; Galeotti, 6009; Schiede & Deppe), Cordova (Bourgeau, 1493). Hb. Kew. 43. Piper karwinskianum, Kth.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 327. Schilleria karwinskiana, Kth. in Linnea, xin. p. 700. Artanthe karwinskiana, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 476. SoutH Mexico, near the city of Mexico (Karwinsiz). -44, Piper kunthii, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 250. Enckea kunthii, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 363. Soura Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5500 feet (Galeotti, 6014). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. . h 50 | | PIPERACEZ. 45. Piper lapathifolium, Steud. Nom. Bot.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 323. Schilleria lapathifolia, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 714. Piper macrophyllum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 73, non Sw. Artanthe lapathifolia, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 401. Piper jalapense, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p- 21). Sours Mexico, near Jalapa and Mirador, 3000 to 4500 feet (Galeotti, 6012).— Jamaica; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 46. Piper ledebourii, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 281. Mexico (ex De Candolle).— BRAZIL. 47, Piper lepturum, Kth.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 320. Schilleria leptura, Kth. in Linnea, xiil. p. 679. Artanthe leptura, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 528, et in Linnea, xx. p. 172. Sour Mexico, near Oaxaca (ex De Candolle).—BRaziu. 48, Piper liebmannii, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 344. Soura Mexico, Mirador, Aguas Santas and Hacienda de Savon (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 49, Piper lindenii, C. DC. in DC. Prody. xvi. 1, p. 248. Enckea lindenii, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 368, et Ill. Pip. p. 66, t. 66. Sovra Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden). 50. Piper linearifolium, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 359. Costa Rica, Hacienda de Santa Rosa (Grsted). 51. Piper lineatum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 35, t.60; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 311. Schilleria lineata, Kth. in Linnea, xii. p. 704. Artanthe lineata, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 459. GuateMaLa (Friedrichsthal).—Ecuanbor ; PERU. 52. Piper luceanum, Kth.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 322. Artanthe luceanum, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 528, et in Linnea, xx. p. 172. Schilleria luceana, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 678. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 266). Hb. Kew. 53. Piper macrophyllum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 46; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 272. Schilleria macrophylla, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 715. Artanthe macrophylla, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 423. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Linden).—Prrvu ; West INDIES. 54, Piper marginatum, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. p. 2, t. 215; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 240. Schilleria marginata, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 718. Artanthe caudata, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 380. Schilleria caudata, Kth. in Linnea, xii. p. 716. PIPERACEZ. | 51 Soura Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1959, 2459, 2168) ; Guaremana, Volcan de Fuego, 3800 feet (Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 1200) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 281, 366); Panama, common in waste places about Panama (S. Hayes, 741; Seemann, 114).—Southward to Brazi and Pzrv and in the Wxsr Inpims. Hb. Kew. 55. Piper martensiana, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 251. New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 56. Piper medium, Jac. Ic. Pl. Rar. i. p. 2, t. 8; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 246. Enckea plantaginea, Kth. in Linnza, xiii. p. 599; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 23). Enckea swartzii, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 169. | . Sourn Mexico, Mirador, 3800 feet (Galeotti, 6018).— West Inpins and BRazi. 57. Piper megalophyllum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 357. Soura Mexico, Pital and Mirador (Liebmann). p. connivens, C. DC. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). 58. Piper melanostictum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 274. Artanthe melanostictum, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 404. ~ Sourn Mexico, Tabasco (Linden). 59, Piper melastomoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 74; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 246. Schilleria melastomoides, Kth. in Linnea, xii. p. 724. Cailianira melastomoides, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 345. SourH Muxico, Jalapa (Galeotti; Schiede), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2966 ; _ Botteri, 1154), Mirador (Linden). Hb. Kew. | 60. Piper mexicanum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 276. Piper hispidum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p- 21). Artanthe mexicana, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 458. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4500 to 5500 feet (Galeotti, 6015). 61. Piper micranthera, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 354. Nicaragua, La Barranca (rsted). 62. Piper miradorense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 380. Piper patulum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 18), non Opiz. Sourn Muzxico, Mirador, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6001). 63. Piper misantlense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 286. Mexico, Misantla (Fischer ex De Candolle). h2 52 - PIPERACEA, 64. Piper mollicomum, Kth.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 316. Steffensia mollis, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 648. Artanthe mollicoma, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 438, et in Linnea, xx. p. 155. Guatema.a (Warscewicz) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann) ; Panama (Seemann).—Southward to Perv and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 65. Piper muelleri, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 243. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Miller). 66. Piper multinervium, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 20) ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 372. Sour Mexico, near Jalapa and Mirador, at 2500 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6008). 67. Piper naranjoanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 363. Costa Rica, Naranjo, at 5000 feet (sted). 68. Piper neesianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 256. South Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann, 18), Orizaba (Bottert, 192); Nicaragua (Pate, 367). Hb. Kew. 69. Piper nervosum, C. DC. in DC. Prody. xvi. 1, p. 374. Piper patens, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310, non Opiz. MEXIco. 70. Piper nitidulum, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 154, t. 27. fig. 1; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Artanthe nitidula, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 534. Mexico (Henke). 71. Piper nove-hispaniz, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 301. New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 72. Piper nudum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 325. New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 73. Piper oaxacanum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 274. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca. 74. Piper obliquum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 37, t. 63. fe. a; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 306. Steffensia obliqua, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 663. Artanthe magnifica, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 391, et Ill. Pip. t. 71. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 318, 369). Hb. Kew. 75. Piper oblongum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 52; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 812; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 20). Schilleria oblonga, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 696. Artanthe oblonga, Migq. Syst. Pip. p. 480. Souta Mexico, Jalapa and Mirador (Galeotti, 6009).— VENEZUELA. PIPERACEA. 53 76. Piper crstedii, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 359. Costa Rica (Grsted.) 77. Piper ottonis, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 332. Pothomorphe ottonis, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 207, et Ill. Pip. t. 25, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 198. Panama, Bahia Honda, Veraguas (Seemann). VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. . 78. Piper pachystachyon, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 216, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 304. | Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—Co.omBIa. 79. Piper panamense, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 216, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 273. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 270). Hb. Kew. 80. Piper papantlense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 338, South Mexico, woods of Papantla (Fischer ex De Candolle). 81. Piper patulum, Bertol. Fl. Guat. p. 7, t. 1; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. GuatEeMaLa, Esquintla (Velasquez). 82. Piper peltatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 42; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 331; Descour. Fl. Antill. t. 236. Heckeria peltata, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 565. Pothomorphe peltata, Mig. Comm. Phytogr. p. 45, t. 4. fig. e. Panama (S. Hayes, 745; Fendler). Hb. Kew. 83. Piper persicariefolium, Kth. 6. cumingianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 314. Panama and Cotomsia (Cuming, 1290). Hb. Kew. 84. Piper pilosiusculum, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Henk. i. p. 154, t. 29. fig. 1; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Artanthe pilosiuscula, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 476. Panama (Henke). 85. Piper plantagineum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 353, non Lam.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 330. | Steffensia plantaginea, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 672. Artanthe plantaginea, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 389. Piper commutatum, Steud. Nom. Bot. Sout Mexico (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 86. Piper platyphyllum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 375. Enckea platyphylia, Benth. in Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 167. South Mexico, Manzanilla Bay (Barclay). 54 PIPERACEA. 87. Piper pothomorphe, C. ‘DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 308. Artanthe pothomorphe, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 403. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3500 feet (Galeotti, 6117). 88. Piper prismaticum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 342. Costa Rica, Turrialba (@rsted). 89. Piper pseudoasperifolium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 318. Souta Mexico, Oaxaca. 90. Piper pseudofuligineum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 355. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria, at 5000 feet (Ersted). - 91. Piper pseudolindenii, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 335. Nicaraeva, Realejo (Grsted). B. magnifolium, C. DC. loc. cit. p. 336. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Grsted). 92. Piper pseudopropinquum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 341, Costa Rica, Turrialba (@rsted). 93. Piper realejoanum (sphalmate realgoanum), C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 336. Nicaracua, Realejo (Grsted). 94. Piper reticulatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 41; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 295. Enckea reticulata, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 365. Artanthe schlechtendalii, Miq. loc. cit. p. 386. Soutn Mexico, Misantla (Schiede & Deppe).—JaMAIca. 95. Piper reticulosum, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. p. 155; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. Artanthe reticulosa, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 554. Mexico (Henke).—Ecuapor. 96. Piper rohrii 8. crassum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 296. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca. The typical form is from Guiana and Brazil. 97. Piper ruizianum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 308. New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 98. Piper salicinum, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Henk. i. p. 150; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. . Mexico; PANAMA. PIPERACE, 55 99. Piper sanctum, Schl., ex Miq. in Linnea, xviii. p. 714; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 330. _ Soutn Mexico, Atlocomulco (Schiede). 100. Piper sanjoseanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 351. Costa Rica, San José (Ersted). 101. Piper scabrifolium, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 374. | MExico ? 102. Piper schlechtendalianum, ©. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 324. Enckea schlechtendalii, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 362. SoutH Mexico, Misantla (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 103. Piper septuplinervium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 313. Aritanthe septuplinervia, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 199, t. 40. Panama (Seemann, 1066). Hb. Kew. 104. Piper smilacifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 56; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 245; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 22). Enckea smilacifolia, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 605 ; Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 351. Sout Mzxico, damp woods at Mirador and Zacuapan, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6010) ; PaNaMA, in woods near San Juan and Old Panama (Seemann, 418).—V=ENEZUELA ; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 105. Piper sororium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 295. Artanthe sororia, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. .p. 448; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 167. . , Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 106. Piper stipulaceum, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 160; DOC. Prodr. xvi. L, p. 875. Enckea stipulacea, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 600; Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 366. Ottonia stipulacea, Presl, Epim. Bot. p. 231. Mexico (Henke). 107. Piper striatum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 345. Costa Rica, San José (Grsted). 108. Piper subfuscum, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 217, et DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 3065. Costa Rica, Alto de la Cruz (Hoffmann). 109. Piper teapense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 260. Soura Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden). 56 PIPERACEA. 110. Piper tenuifolium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 321. New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 111. Piper tigerianum, ©. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 300, et DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 250. Honpvras, Isle de Tigré, Gulf of Fonseca (Barclay) ; Nicaragua, Realejo (Barclay). 112. Piper trinerve, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 292. Artanthe trinervis, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 200, t. 41. Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 1217), woods near the city of Panama (8. Hayes, 739). Hb. Kew. 113. Piper triquetrum, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 160; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 375. Enckea californica, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 601; Migq. Syst. Pip. p. 363 ? Mexico (Henke). 114. Piper tuberculatum, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. p. 2, t. 211; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 265. Piper nutans, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Henk. 1. p. 156, t. 28. fig. 2. Steffensia tuberculata, Kth. in Linnea, xii. p. 614. Artanthe tuberculata, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 497. Artanthe decurrens, Miq. loc. cit. p. 402. South Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Coulter, 1395), Teapa, Tabasco (Linden) ; GuaTEMALA (friedrichsthal); Panama (Seemann, 115; S. Hayes, 744).—Southward to Perv and Brazit and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 8. minus, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 266. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—CoLomBia. 115. Piper turrialvanum, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 342. Costa Rica, Turrialba (Grsted). 116. Piper uhdei, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 248. Mexico (Uhde). 117. Piper umbellatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 43; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 332; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 23). Heckeria umbellata, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 569. Pothomorphe umbellata, Mig. Comm. Phytogr. p. 36, et Syst. Pip. p. 208. SoutH Mexico, Mirador &c. (Galeotti, 6006); Panama (8. Hayes).—Southward to Peru and Brazit and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 118. Piper unguiculatum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 34, t. 57. fig. 6; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 249. Enckea unguiculata, Kth. in Linnea, xiii. p. 592; Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 352. Enckea glaucescens, Kth. loc. cit. p. 593; Mig. loc. cit. p. 354. PIPERACEA. 57 Piper glaucescens, Jacq. Eclog. t. 76. Piper pyrifolium, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Heenk. i. p. 158, non Vahl. Piper terminale, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 57. . Sovtn Mexico, Chila, Puebla (Andrieux, 96), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1256 ; Botteri, 279), near Jalapa &c. (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Cotomsia to Perv and Guiana, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 119. Piper (Artanthe) urostachyum, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXII.) Novellis ferrugineo-pilosis, foliis breviter petiolatis membranaceis rhomboideo-ellipticis ovatisve basi cordatis, spicis brevibus longiuscule pedunculatis rhachi supra flores longiuscule producta, staminibus 3, stylis 3. Herba vel frutex, novellis (presertim ramulis pedunculisque) dense ferrugineo-pilosis. Folia alterna, breviter petiolata, membranacea, rhomboideo-elliptica vel ovata, 4-6 poll. longa, 23-3 poll. lata, basi leviter oblique cordata, sinu clauso, apice acuminata, acuta vel obtusa, utrinque scabrida, venis lateralibus primariis utrinque’ 4-5, apicem versus excurrentibus. Spice oppositifolize, 9-12 lineas long ; pedunculi 14-2 poll. longi; rhachis pilosa, ultra flores 6-9 lineas producta ; bractez ciliate ; stamina 3; styli3. Fructus deest. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 319, 875). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXIT. Figs. 1 and 2, flowers with subtending bract : enlarged. 120. Piper variifolium, C.DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 308. Enckea variifolia, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 355. . Mexico (Andrieux, 133). 121. Piper veraguense, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 294. Costa Rica (Warscewicz) ; Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). 122. Piper verbascifolium, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 258. Artanthe verbascifolia, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 431, et in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 455. Artanthe leucophylla, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 460, et in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 457. Piper leucophyllum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 278? . . Sour Mexico, Chila, Puebla (Andrieux, 94), Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 411). Hb. Kew. 123. Piper verruculosum, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 303. Costa Rica, mountains of Candelaria (Hoffmann). 124. Piper wagneri, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 302. Panama, Chiriqui (Wagner), 125. Piper yucatanense, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 334. SoutH Mexico, Yucatan (Linden). 126. Piper zacuapanumi, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 330. Piper tiliefolium, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 352, non Ham.; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 23). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. . 4 58 PIPERACEA. Souta Mexico, woods of Misantla (Schiede & Deppe), forests of Zacuapan, 2500 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 6017). | | 3. PEPEROMIA. Peperomia, Ruiz et Pav. Fi. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 29; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 182. Annual and perennial herbs, sometimes woody at the base. About 400 species have been described; and they are generally dispersed in warm countries, though most numerous in America, where they extend from Mexico and Florida to Chili. 1. Peperomia alata, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 31, t. 48. fig. 6; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 418. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 346 ; Bourgeau, 3107).—VENEZUELA and CoLomBiA to Preru, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Peperomia aguacatensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 376. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted). 3. Peperomia amantlanensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 369. South Mexico, Amantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 4, Peperomia arboricola, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 374. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Iiebmann). 5. Peperomia asarifolia, Schl. et Ch. in Linnea, v. p. 75; Dietr. Sp. Pl. 1. p. 166; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 398; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 18). Piper asarifolium, Dietr. Synop. Pl. i. p. 111. Sour Mexico, between Tehuantepec and Acapulco (Galeotti, 6022), without locality (Schiede & Deppe). In the ‘Prodromus’ this species is incorrectly attributed to Dietrich, and there is great confusion in the references. 6. Peperomia bernouillii (recte Bernoullit), C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 367. GuaTEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 37). Hb. Kew. 7. Peperomia blanda, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 67; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 21; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 458. Piper blandum, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. t. 218. New Spain (Hb. Pavon).—Co.omBia to Perv. g. reticulata, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 459. Sovurn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri; Sallé). . 8. Peperomia botterii, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 459. Soutn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri; Sallé). Hb. Kew. PIPERACEA. 59 9. Peperomia bourgeaui, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 370. SourH Mextoo, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3230). Hb. Kew. 10. Peperomia camptotricha, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 144, et Ill. Pip. t. 19; DO. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 461. Sovran America, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 11. Peperomia carthaginensis, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 377. Costa Rica, Cartago (Zrsted). 12. Peperomia ciliolata, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 459; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 477. Mexico ¢ 13. Peperomia claytonioides, Kth. in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1847; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 400. GUATEMALA. 14. Peperomia consoquitlana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 379. Sour Mexico, Consoquitla, Mirador (Liebmann). 15. Peperomia cordovana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 374. Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1804). Hb. Kew. 16. Peperomia cordulata, C.DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 137; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 411. : Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 265). Hb. Kew. 17. Peperomia coulteri, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 424. Sout Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1400). Hb. Kew. 18. Peperomia cyclophylla, Mig. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, p. 219, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 198; C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 444. Acrocarpidium rotundifolium, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 62, excl. syn. H. B. K. Piper rotundifolium, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 42. Panama, near the town of Gorgona (Seemann, 607).— Southward to Peru and Brazit and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. The synonymy of this species, as given above, may be altogether wrong. We have followed Miquel, though there may be reasons for the deviations by C. de Candolle in the ‘ Prodromus, where Peperomia cyclophylla is described as a new species from the same specimens referred to the P. cyclophylla, Miq., which Miquel regarded as the same as his Acrocarpidium rotundifolium. C. de Candolle refers P. 395. Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 30. Peperomia galeottii, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 190; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 427. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6003). 81. Peperomia galioides, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 71, t. 17; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 463 (varietates) ; Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 156 et Ill. Pip. t. 20. PIPERACEZ. 61 South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1126)? Costa Rica (Hoffmann).— CoLomBiA to Brazit and in the West INDIES. 32. Peperomia glabella, A. Dietr. Sp. PJ. i. p. 156 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 417; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 165. Nicaragua (Tate, 356, 358, 361, 464).—Jamaica to Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 33. Peperomia guadalupensis, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 416. 6. liebmanniana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 374. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). 34. Peperomia hernandizfolia, A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. p. 157; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 486; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 166. SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1160, in part)—West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 35. Peperomia hispidula, A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. p.165; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 397. Piper hispidulum, Sw. Ic. Pl. Ind. Oce. t. 4. Acrocarpidium hispidulum, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 54. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann).—Jamaica ; VENEZUELA. 36. Peperomia hoffmannii, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 133, et DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 396. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 37. Peperomia huatuscoana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 383. SourH Mxxico, Dos Puentes, between Totutla and Huatusco (Liebmann, 129). Hb. Kew. 38. Peperomia jarisiana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 382. Costa Rica, Volcan de Jaris at 3000 feet (Grsted). 39. Peperomia lanceolatopeltata, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 136 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 410. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).— VENEZUELA. 40. Peperomia langsdorffii, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 116; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 443. Micropiper langsdorffii, Mig. Comm. Phytogy. p. 52, t. 8. fig. F. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 575, 867).—Brazi. Hb. Kew. The Mexican plant may be a different species. 41. Peperomia lancifolia, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 3832 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 426. South Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). Hb. Kew. 42, Peperomia leptophyla, Mig. in Linnea, xviii. p. 712; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 406. . Mexico (Schiede). 62 PIPERACEZ. 43, Peperomia liebmannii, O. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 383. Soura Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion and Comaltepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 44, Peperomia lignescens, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 137, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 407. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 45. Peperomia lindeniana, Mig. in Pip. Nov. N. Holl. in Meded. Kon. Akad. | Weten. (reprint, p. 6); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 453. Sourn Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Linden, 132). 46. Peperomia magnolizfolia, A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. p. 153; Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 97; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 427. Piper magnoliefolium, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 213. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2964); Nicaracua, Chontales (Zate, 152).—Northern part of Soura America and the West Inp1irs.—Hb. Kew. 47. Peperomia matlalucaensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 375. SovutH Mexico, around Matlaluca (Liebmann). 48. Peperomia melanostigma, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 90 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 408. Micropiper melanostigma, Mig. Comm. Phytogr. p. 5, t. 9. fig. A. Costa Rica.—Cusa ; JAMAICA; GUIANA. 49. Peperomia metapalcoensis, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 416. Acrocarpidium mexicanun, Miq. Syst. Pip. 53. . Peperomia rotundifolia, Schl. et Cham. in Linnea, vi. p. 858, non H. B. K. South Mexico, between Metapalco and Cuapa (Schiede & Deppe), Santa Maria, Tlapacoya (Liebmann) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 357 ; Seemann, 155). Hb. Kew. 50. Peperomia mexicana, Mia. Syst. Pip. p. 75; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 394. Tildenia mexicana, Miq. in Diar. Inst. Reg. Nederl. 1842. Piper parvulum, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 20). SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1989), Jalapa at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7111); Gvatemaua, Volcan de Fuego 6000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 51. Peperomia microphylla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 69, t. 15; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 465? SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1328). Hb. Kew. Typical P. microphylla is from the Andes of Quito. 52. Peperomia miradoresiana, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 395. South Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 126). 53. Peperomia miilleri, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 366. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller). PIPERACE. 63 54. Peperomia muscophila, C. DC. in DO. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 395. ‘ New Spain (Hb. Pavon). 55. Peperomia naranjoana, C. DO. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 378. _ Costa Rica, Naranjo at 5000 feet (Girsted). 56. Peperomia nummularifolia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 66; DO. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 420 (varietates). | Acrocarpidium nummularifolium, Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 52. SourH Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe); Panama (Seemann)t—Cotomsta to Peru and in the West Inpigss. Hb. Kew. . Respecting the synonymy of this species, see note under Peperomia cyclophylia, Miq. 57. Peperomia crstedii, C. DC. in Linnza, xxxvii. p. 375. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 8000 feet (Girsted). 58. Peperomia olivacea, C.DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 464. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 59. Peperomia ovato-peltata, C.DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 132, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 394. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 60. Peperomia oxycarpa, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 377. South Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann). 61. Peperomia pallescens, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 460; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 426. GUATEMALA. 62. Peperomia papantlensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 366. SoutH Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann). 63. Peperomia pellucida, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 64; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 402. Piper pellucidum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 42. Micropiper pellucidum, Mig. Comm. Phytogr. p. 54. GUATEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 58); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 302), without locality (S. Hayes, 195; Seemann, 113).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and in the West InpiEs ; also in Tropical Arnica. Hb. Kew. 64. Peperomia perforata, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 162, t. 30. fig. 2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 438. Mexico (Henke). 65. Peperomia petiolaris, C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1866, p. 138, etin DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 414. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—Cusa. 64 PIPERACEA. 66. Peperomia petrophila, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 369. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 100). Hb. Kew. 67. Peperomia plicata, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Hank. p. 163; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 466. | Soutn Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). 68. Peperomia portobellensis, Beurling in Kong. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1854, p. 147; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 440. Panama, Portobello (Billberg). 69. Peperomia producta, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 166; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 430. Nicaraaua (Tate, 559).—Cusa; Jamatca. Hb. Kew. 70. Peperomia pseudoamplexicaulis, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 432. New Spain (Hb. Pavon).—Cusa. 71. Peperomia quadrifolia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 69; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 454; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 166; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 22. Piper affine, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 9), non Dietr. South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 103; Bourgeau, 2963), Mirador at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6000).—VEnezvELA to Peru and in the West Inpiges. Hb. Kew. 72. Peperomia quaternata, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 197; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 450. Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1571). Hb. Kew. 73. Peperomia reflexa, A. Dictr. Sp. Pl. i. p. 180; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 45 (varietates); Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 169; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1923. Piper reflecum, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 91. Common in most Tropica, Countries, including Mexico, and CenrraL AMERICA. Hb. Kew. | 74. Peperomia rubella, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 58; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 461. Souta Mzxico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 101)? Hb. Kew. The Mexican plant seems to be different from the one figured. 79. Peperomia rubioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 70; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 452; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, 19). Sourn Mexico, Jilotepec near Jalapa, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6005).— ‘VENEZUELA to BRaziL and PErv. 76. Peperomia rubrinodis, Kth. et Bouché in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1848, p- 12; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 445. GuatTemaa ( Warscewicz). PIPERACEA. 65: 77. Peperomia rupestris, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 62; DC. Prodr. xvi. I, p. 431; Mig. in Linnea, xviii. p. 713. SoutH Mexico, Misantla, Jalapa (Schiede).—VENEZUELA; GUIANA; Brazil. 78. Peperomia sanjoseana, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 372. Costa Rica, San José, 4000 feet (Hirsted). 79. Peperomia scandens, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 32, t. 51. fig. 6; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 434. Piper scandens, Vahl, Enum. i. p. 316. Peperomia pulicaris, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 162, t. 30. fig. 1. Acrocarpidium pulicare, Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 57. Acrocarpidium repens, Migq. loc. cit. et Ill. Pip. t. 3. fig. d. Nicaraeva, Chontales (Seemann, 154; Tate, 203)—Cotompra to Perv and Brazit, and in the Wrst Inpres. Hb. Kew. 80. Peperomia seemanniana, Migq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 198, t. 37; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 441. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Veraguas (Seemann). 81. Peperomia tenerrima, Schl. et Cham. in Linnea, vi. p. 353; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 456; Miq. Ill. Pip. t. 21. Peperomia schiedeana, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 188. SoutH Mexico, Cuesta Grande de Jalacingo (Schiede & Deppe). 82. Peperomia tenuiflora, Opiz in Presl’s Reliq. Henk. i. p. 164; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. p. 403. Mexico (Henke). 83. Peperomia tenuifolia, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 371. Costa Rica, Aguacate (sted). 84. Peperomia tlapacoyoensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 376. Soura Mexico, Santa Maria, Tlapacoya (Liebmann). 85. Peperomia tuberosa, Opiz in Presl’s Relig. Henk. i. p. 164; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 401. Mexico (Henke). 86. Peperomia turialvensis, C. DC. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 380. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba, at 3000 feet (Grsted). 87. Peperomia umbilicata, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p- 80, t. 45. fig. 6; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 393 (varietates); H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 72, t. 15. fig. 1. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 802); BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. k 66 PIPERACEA. Sout Mexico, Real del Monte and Zimapan (Coulter, 1398, 1399), Pedregal and Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 418, 631), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1063).— CoLomBIA to Bottvia. Hb. Kew. Order CXVII. CHLORANTHACE. Chloranthacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 133. Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Three genera comprising about twenty-five species, which | inhabit Tropical America, Tropical and Eastern Asia, the Pacific Islands, and New Zealand. 1. HEDYOSMUM. _ Hedyosmum, Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 84, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 957, t. 18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 133. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of trees and tall shrubs. Twenty-three species are enumerated ; but Bentham and Hooker estimate that they should be reduced to about sixteen. 1. Hedyosmum artocarpus, Solms-Laub. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 485. SourH Mexico, Jalapa (Hahn), Orizaba (Botteri, 828). Hb. Kew. 2. Hedyosmum calloso-serratum, CErst. in Naturh. Foren, Vidensk. Meddel. 1856 (reprint, p. 11); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 482. 7 Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 9000 feet (Grsted). 3. Hedyosmum mexicanum, Cordem. in Adansonia, iii. p. 307; DC. Prodr, xvi. 1, p. 485. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti). Order CXVIII. MYRISTICACE. Myristicacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 185. Limited to a single genus of about eighty arboreous species, the greater part inhabiting Tropical Asia and America; very few are native of Tropical Africa, one of Madagascar, and one of Australia. 1. MYRISTICA. Myristica, Linn. Gen. Plant. ed. 2; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 136. ‘1. Myristica guatemalensis, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXIV. fige. 5 et 6.) Cito glabrescens, foliis lanceolato-oblongis, nervis utrinque usque ad 30, semine oblongo pollicari, strato teste externo crustaceo nitido. MYRISTICACEAR. . . 67 Arbor ?, ramulis teretibus, primum tenuiter puberulis, deinde glaberrimis, nitidis. Folia breviter petiolata (petiolus 2-3 lineas longus), subcoriacea, minute pellucido-punctata, utrinque cito glabrescentia, lanceolato-oblonga, 4-9-pollicaria, subacuminata, obtusissima, basi cuneata, subtus pallidiora, nervis utrinque 15-30. Semen oblongum, pollicare ; arillus tenuis ?; stratum teste externum nitidum, crustaceum ; chalaza lateralis prominens. GuatTeMALa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. We have ventured to describe and figure this imperfect material, because, as far as it goes, it is very distinct. The seed, as well as the foliage, is very different from M. sebifera. | EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXIV. Free. 5 et 6. Fig. 5, seed divested of the aril and outer testa, showing the large chalazal scar; 6, the same, showing the hilum. 2. Myristica mexicana, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXIII.) Glaberrima, foliis oblongis obovato-oblongisve nervis utrinque 6-8, floribus ¢ subracemosis, perianthio glabro, staminibus 6 brevissime stipitatis, antheris muticis. Frutex omnino glaberrimus, ramulis teretibus, graciliusculis petiolisque ferrugineis. Folia breviter petiolata, subcoriacea, minute pellucido-punctata, oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, 5-8-pollicaria, subacuminata, obtusa, basi cuneata, nervis lateralibus primariis utrinque 6-8 supra subobsoletis, subtus elevatis, venis tenuissimis, reticulatis. Flores (3 tantum vidi) fasciculatim subracemosi ; pseudo-racemi axillares vel supraaxillares, 2—3-pollicares; pedicelli 1-2 lineas longi ; perianthium glabrum, oblongum, lineam longum, trifidum ; stamina 6, brevissime stipitata, antheris muticis. SourH Mexico, banks of the river Puyapatengo, Tabasco (Linden, 1612). Hb. Kew. Although we have seen only male flowers, we have not hesitated to found a new species, as it is so very distinct in its inflorescence, and in all its parts being perfectly hairless. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXIII. A branch bearing leaves and male flowers, natural size. Fig. 1,a flower; 2, the same with perianth laid open, showing the staminal column: both enlarged. 3. Myristica panamensis, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXIV.) Foliis subcoriaceis opacis ovato-oblongis basi rotundatis, paniculis parvis supraaxillaribus, floribus $ minimis sessilibus intus glabris, staminibus 6 breviter stipitatis, antheris muticis, fructu subgloboso circiter 1 poll. diametro, arillo carnoso lacerato, teste strato externo tenui. Arbor formosa, 50-100-pedalis et ultra (fide Hayesii Seemannii), novellis ferrugineo-tomentosis. — Folia subcoriacea, breviter petiolata, ovato-oblonga vel interdum fere lanceolata, 6-9-pollicaria, acuminata, acuta, basi rotundata, infra plus minusve ferrugineo-tomentosa, supra glabra, opaca, nervis utrinque 12-15, petiolo leviter incrassato. Flores (g tantum vidi) minimi, sessiles, in paniculas 14-2 poll. longas supraaxillares congesti, ebracteati; perianthium subglobosum, 3—4- lobatum, extus ferrugineo-tomentosum, intus glabrum ; stamina 3-6, antheris muticis, breviter stipitatis. Fructus subglobosus, bivalvis, circiter 1 poll. diametro; semen arillo aurantiaco carnoso lacerato involutum, teste strato externo tenui lineolato.—M. sebifera, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 75, non Sw. Panama, shady forests near Cruces (Seemann, 545), Lion Hill station (8S. Hayes, 618). Hb. Kew. k2 68 MYRISTICACEA. Allied to . sebifera, Sw., and M. cuspidata, Spruce, differing from the former in the texture and base of its leaves, smaller male flowers in smaller panicles, and in its larger fruit ; from the latter in its opaque, dotless leaves, denser panicles of smaller male flowers, and smaller stamens. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXIV. Fig. 1, a flower having a 4-lobed perianth ; 2, a flower having a 3-lobed perianth; 3, the same laid open: all enlarged. 4, a seed, natural size. Order CXIX. MONIMIACE. Monimiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 187. Trees or shrubs, some of them of climbing habit. About 150 species are known, and they inhabit the warmer parts of America and Asia, the Mascarene Islands, Australia, and the South Pacific Islands ; and a genus of two species has recently been discovered in western Tropical Africa. 1. MOLLINEDIA. Mollinedia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 83, t. 15; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 140. A genus of about thirty arboreous and shrubby species, whereof three (or four?) are Australian, and the rest inhabit America, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Mollinedia laurina, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, iii. p. 48; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 6642 Panama, Lion Hill station (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. 2. Mollinedia nigrescens, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, iii. p. 41, et Monogr. p. 888; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 663. | Soutn Mexico, Oaxaca ((Ghiesbreght). 3. Mollinedia viridiflora, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, iii. p. 43 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 664, Souta Mrxico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 7172), Orizaba (Botteri, 918). Hb. Kew. B. glabra, A. DC. in DC. Prody. xvi. 2, p. 664. ScutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 979). Hb. Kew. 2. SIPARUNA. Siparuna, Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 864, t. 333; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 144. Citrosma, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 184, t. 29. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about sixty species of shrubs and small trees. MONIMIACEZ. 69 1. Siparuna andina, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 648. Citrosma andina, Tul. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 4, iii. p. 36, et Monogr. p. 338. Sour Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7184). 2. Siparuna cauliflora, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LX XV.) Stellato-pubescens, foliis amplis obovatis vel ellipticis, cymis in ramis vetustis subsessilibus, perian- thio carnoso intus glabro fere clauso, g¢ subgloboso, ? turbinato, staminibus indefinitis, carpellis 20-30. Frutex 5-15-pedalis, ramis crassiusculis, subtetragonis, foliisque dense stellato-pubescentibus, ferrugineis vel incanis. Folia subopposita, petiolata, membranacea, crassiuscula, obovata vel elliptica, 6-12 poll. longa, 3-5 poll. lata, breviter acuminata, acuta, basi cuneata vel truncata, calloso-serrulata, undulata, vel interdum subduplicato-serrulata, primum mollia, demum scabrida, venis primariis lateralibus contiguis, prominentibus; petiolus usque ad sesqui- pollicaris. Flores dioici (fide Hayesii), dense cymosi, pubescentes ; cymz subsessiles, seepissime multifloree et in caule ramisque vetustis productz, interdum in ramis junioribus pauciflore ; pedicelli 2-6 lineas longi; perianthium carnosum, intus glabrum, apice fere clausum, vix lobatum, g subglobosum, ? turbinatum; stamina indefinita (circiter 20), brevissime exserta, filamentis late dilatatis ; carpella 20-30, stylis exsertis. Fructus maturus non visus. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 196), common at Gatun (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. A very distinct species in its ample foliage and nearly sessile clusters of flowers usually on the older leafless branches and stems. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXV. Fig. 1, 2, and 3, female flowers; 4, cross section of a female flower; 5,a male flower: all enlarged, 8. Siparuna guianensis, Aubl. Guian. ii. p. 865, t. 833; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 654 (varietates). Panama Chagres (Hendler, 188).—CotompBia to Guiana, Brazit, and TRInipap. Hb. Kew. 4, Siparuna nicaraguensis, Hemsley, n. sp. Cito glabrescens, foliis subcoriaceis obovato-oblongis ellipticisve, cymis axillaribus paucifloris, periantho ¢ subcarnoso ore et limbo breviter 5-6-lobato, staminibus 6-9, filamentis dilatatis. Frutex ramis teretibus, graciliusculis, foliisque primum sparsim stellato-pilosulis, cito glabrescen- tibus. Folia subcoriacea, longiuscule petiolata, obovato-oblonga vel elliptica, 4-6-pollicaria, remote obsoleteque denticulata, leviter undulata, acuminata, acuta, basi obtusa vel rotundata, supra nitida, nigra (in siccis), subtus pallidiora, venis inconspicuis; petiolus graciliusculus, 4-12 lineas longus. Flores (g tantum vidi) cito glabrescentes, cymosi; cymez axillares, pauci- floree, breviter pedunculatz, petiolis breviores vel zquales; pedicelli graciles; perianthium subcarnosum, subturbinatum, limbo dilatato obsolete 5-6-lobato, ore aperto, 5-6-lobato ; stamina 6-9, exserta, filamentis omnino dilatatis. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 385, 386, 421). Hb. Kew. In foliage this species is almost exactly like S. panamensis, C.DC.; but the flowers are almost or quite glabrous, and contain less than twelve stamens. 70 MONIMIACEZ. 5. Siparuna panamensis, A. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1865, p. 219; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 648. Panama, around the city of Panama (S. Hayes, 671). Hb. Kew. 6. Siparuna pauciflora, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 656. Citrosma pauciflora, Beurling in Kongl. Vetens. Akad. Handl. 1854, p. 44. Panama, Portobello (Bidlberg). 7. Siparuna riparia, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 647. Citrosma riparia, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, iil. p. 36. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 2000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 269), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1748), Jalapa (Linden, 2), region of Orizaba (Botteri, 904 ; Bilimek, 279). Hb. Kew. B. sumichrastii, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 648. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Sumichrast, 974). \ Series V. DAPHNALES. Order CXX. LAURINE. Laurinea, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 146. Trees or shrubs, except Cassytha. About 900 species, referred to thirty-four genera. They mostly inhabit the warmer parts of America, Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands; a few occur in extratropical North and South America, the Mediterranean region, Canary Islands, South Africa, and New Zealand. The order is barely represented in Tropical Africa; and the greatest concentration of species is in eastern tropical South America. 1. BEILSCHMIEDIA. Beilschmiedia, Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 69, et Syst. Laur. p. 197; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 152. About twenty species inhabiting Africa, Tropical Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and Tropical America. 1. Beilschmiedia pendula, Hemsley. Hufelandia pendula, Nees, Syst. Laurin. p. 188; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 65. (excl. syn. H. thomea, Nees). SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1460)—West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. MISANTECA. Misanteca, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 367; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 155. Four species—the typical one Mexican, one Cuban, and two Brazilian. LAURINEZ. 71 1. Misanteca capitata, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 367; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 96. Sout Mexico, Misantla and Papantla (Schiede & Deppe), Wartenberg near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg). Hb. Kew. 3. PERSEA. | Persea, Gertn. f. Fruct. ii. p. 222, t. 221; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 156. About 100 species are enumerated; many of these, however, were founded on very imperfect material. They inhabit tropical and subtropical Asia and America, from Chili to Virginia, with one in the Canary Islands. 1. Persea amplexicaulis, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 90; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 04. South Mexico, Cerro Colorado (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Persea cinnamomifolia, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 160. Phebe granatensis 8.? erstedit, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 32. , Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Grsted). The type is found in Venezuela and Colombia. 3. Persea effusa, Hemsley. Phebe effusa, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 33. SoutH Mexico, around Vera Cruz and Jalapa (Linden, 13, 78), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7009). Hb. Kew. B. areolata, Meissn. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, around Jalapa (Linden, 19). y. parvifolia, Meissn. loc. cit. Sovta Mexico, Orizaba (Botterz, 1039, 1044). Hb. Kew. 4. Persea drimyfolia, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 365; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 53. | South Mexico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 5. Persea gratissima, Gertn. f. Fruct. iii. p. 222; DO. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 52. a. Vulgaris, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 53. Mexico (Botteri, 948; Aschenborn) ; Centran America (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 6. oblonga, Meissn. loc. cit.; Bot. Mag. t. 4580. Mexico (Galeotti, 7010). Hb. Kew. §. schiedeana, Meissn. loc. cit.; Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 130 (species). Mexico, Misantla (Schiede & Deppe). This is the Avocado-pear or Alligator-pear, and is very generally dispersed in 72 LAURINEA. Tropical America, both in a wild and cultivated condition ; it is also cultivated in other countries. 6. Persea hartwegii, Hemsley. Phebe hartwegii, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 30. Oreodaphne benthamiana, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 521. Souta Mexico, Guanajuato (Hartweg, 84). Hb. Kew. [Phebe insularis, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 33, is more likely to be from Cocos Island, off the west coast of South America, than from the Indian Ocean. | 4. Persea levigata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 157; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 49. VENEZUELA; COLOMBIA. @. cxerulea, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 49. CentRaL AMERICA (@rsted).—VENEZUELA ; COLOMBIA. 8. Persea? longipes, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 55. Laurus longipes, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 390. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 9. Persea mexicana, Hemsley. Phoebe mexicana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 81. South Mexico, Jalapa, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 7026), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1436), Vera Cruz (Linden). Hb. Kew. 10. Persea? orizabe, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. 1, p. 358; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 56. SoutH Mexico, oak-forests on the peak of Orizaba at 7500 to 10,500 feet (Galeotti, 252), 11. Persea pachypoda, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 490; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 55. Mexico, near El Bruco (Ehrenberg). 12. Persea? salicifolia, Hemsley. Phebe salicifolia, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 488 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 80. Sourtn Mexico, near Regla (Ehrenberg). 13. Persea veraguensis, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 193; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. ol. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Veraguas (Seemann, 1578). Hb. Kew. 4, OCOTEA. Ocotea, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 780, t. 310, char. emend. in Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 80; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 157. A genus of nearly 200 species, for the greater part inhabiting Tropical and Sub- LAURINE. 73 tropical America; a few occur in the Canary Islands, South Africa, and the Mascarene Islands. ~ 1, Ocotea effusa, Hemsley. Oreodaphne effusa, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 120. Sourn Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 906), Vera Cruz (Linden, 17), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 7061). Hb. Kew. 2. Ocotea helicterifolia, Hemsley. Oreodaphne helicterifolia, Meissn. in DC, Prodr. xv. 1, p. 128. Soutn Mexico, San Bartolo, Chiapas (Linden, 1641). Hb. Kew. 3. Ocotea klotzschiana, Hemsley. Oreodaphne klotzschiana, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 523; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 128. Oreodaphne psychotrioides, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 50, non Nees. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2517), Banco (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 4. Ocotea mexicana, Hemsley. Oreodaphne mexicana, Meissn. in DC. Prodyr. xv. 1, p. 118. a. Subsessilis, Meissn. loc. cit. South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7004), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 937). Hb. Kew. 6. ?longipes, Meissn. loc. cit. Soura Mexico, around Orizaba (Botteri, 1018). Hb. Kew. y. diminuta, Meissn. loc. cit. SovtH Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &. (Jurgensen, 575). Hb. Kew. 5. Ocotea mucosa, Hemsley. Oreodaphne mucosa, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 401; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 133. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 6. Ocotea psychotrioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 162. Oreodaphne psychotrioides, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 452; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 124 (varietates). Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1050; Sumichrast, 940), Jalapa (Linden, 7023, 7047; Humboldt & Bonpland), Cuesta de Naulingo (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 7. Ocotea sieberi, Hemsley. Oreodaphne sieberi, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 187. South Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1607; Johnson, 127); Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 384)’—West Inpres; Brazit. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. d 74 LAURINEZ. 8. Ocotea subtriplinervia, Hemsley. Oreodaphne subtriplinervia, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1 > p. 125. SourH Mexico, near Jalapa, Vera Cruz (Linden, 17; Galeotti, 7061). 9. Ocotea tampicensis, Hemsley. Oreodaphne tampicensis, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 186. Sour Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier). 10. Ocotea umbrosa, Mart., ex Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 122. Oreodaphne umbrosa, Meissn. loc. cit. BRAZIL. GB. ? bullata, Meissn. loc. cit. CenrraL America (@rsted). 5. NECTANDRA. | Nectandra, Roland. in Rottb. Descr. Pl. Surin. p. 10; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 159. An exclusively American genus of about seventy species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil. 1. Nectandra amazonum, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 282; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 150 (varietates). | Panama, Frijoli station (8. Hayes, 487), woods near the city of Panama (Seemann, 556).—Southward to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. 2. Nectandra cuspidata, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 330; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 159. Panama (Seemann, 292; S. Hayes, 392)—Southward to Braziu and in the West Inpies.—Hb. Kew. 3. Nectandra glabrescens, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 161; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 165. Ocotea salicifolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 809, vix H. B. K., ex Benth. SourH Mexico, San Blas to Acapulco (Hinds), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 4. Nectandra laurel, K1.; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 1462 Panama, Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 467). Hb. Kew. Colombia to Peru is the range of WV. daurel as defined above. 5. Nectandra limbata, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 509; DO. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 156. Mexico (Jurgensen).—PERUv. 6. Nectandra mollis, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 287; Linnea, xxi. p. 504. a. attenuata, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 148. Ocotea mollis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 164. CoLomMBIA. LAURINEZ. 165) B. Villosa, Meissn. loc. cit. Ocotea mollis, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 366. Soura Mexico, Misantla (Schiede & Deppe), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 972); Costa Rica (Endres).—CotomBia to PERv. y. Venosa, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 201 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 149. Mexico (Schiede & Deppe); Cuntran America (@rsted). . §. intermedia, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 149. Mexico.—Co.omBiA; PERv. 7. Nectandra pallida, Nees in Linnea, xxi. p. 510; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 157. Mexico (Karwinski).—Guiana. 8. Nectandra polita, Nees, 3. ? erstedii, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 164. Nicaragua (@rsted). | 9. Nectandra sanguinea, Rottb.in Act. Hafn. 1778, p. 279, et Pl. Surin. p. 10; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 164. South Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7006), Orizaba (Botteri, 986).—Cotomsta to Guiana, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. G. lanceolata, Meissn. in DC. Prodr, xv. 1, p. 164. Ocotea salicifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 166. Sour Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7120), Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 10. Nectandra striata, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 309; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 166. Ocotee sp., Cham. et Schl. in Linnzea, vi. p. 366. n. 1146. Soutn Mexico, Chiconquiaco (Schiede & Deppe). 11. Nectandra turbacensis, Nees, y. mexicana, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xvi. p. 152. South Mexico, banks of the Antigua, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 7101), Vera Cruz (Linden, 16). Hb. Kew. 12. Nectandra willdenowiana, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 290 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 165. CaRotina to Fioripaw—Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 54).—Common in the WEst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 6. SASSAFRIDIUM. Sassafridium, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 171; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 160. Besides the following, Bentham and Hooker refer two Brazilian trees to this genus. 1. Sassafridium veraguense, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 171. Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Veraguas (Bridges). Hb. Kew. 12 76 LAURINEA. 7. LITSEA. Litsea, Lam. Dict. iii. p. 574; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 161. Tetranthera, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. i. p. 59, t. 118. . This genus comprises upwards of 140 species, inhabiting Tropical and Eastern Asia, from the Malayan Archipelago to Japan, Tropical and Subtropical Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, and a few North America. 1. Litsea glaucescens, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 168. Litsea cervantesii, H. B. K. loc. cit. Tetranthera glaucescens, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 267; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 193. Tetranthera cervantesii, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 558. a. Subsolitaria, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 193. South Mexico, region of Orizaba, up to 9750 feet (Linden, 1070; Botteri, 996; - Bilimek, 359), Real del Monte 8000 feet (Galeotti, 254), Vittoria to Tula (Berlandier), Zimapan (Coulter, 88), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 423), Las Vigas, 7000 to 8000 feet (Zinden, 1071). Hb. Kew. p. subcorymbosa, Meissn. loc. cit. Nort Mzxico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 798) ; SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 945). Hb. Kew. y. racemosa, Meissn. loc. cit. South Mexico, around Oaxaca (Cuming, ex Meissner). 8. major, Meissn. loc. cit. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 1072); Guaremata, San Juan J ocotepec (Hartweg, 613), Volcan de Atitlan 9000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Litsea neesiana, Hemsley. Tetranthera neesiana, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 712; Linnea, xxi. p- 525; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 193. SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 308, 808, 1248). Hb. Kew. B. corymbifera, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 193. SoutH Mexico (Aschenborn, 349). y: villosa, Meissn. loc. cit. Tetranthera villosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 19). SoutH Mexico, mountains of Oaxaca, 8000 to 9500 feet (Galeotti, 251). 8. UMBELLULARIA. Umbellularia, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 462; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 162. One Californian species and the following doubtful plant :— LAURINEA. 77 1. Umbellularia? parvifolia, Hemsley. Frutescens, ramulis gracillimis, foliis rotundato-ovatis vix pollicaribus. . Frutex preter flores glaberrimus, ramulis gracillimis, internodiis brevissimis. Folia alterna, graciliter breviterque petiolata, coriacea, rotundato-ovata vel interdum fere orbicularia, 8 ad 16 lineas longa, basi rotundata vel fere truncata, apice subacuta vel rotundata, subtus pallidiora, venis minute reticulatis obscuris. Flores minuti, hermaphroditi?, involucrati, brevissime pedicellati; involucra breviter pedunculata, axillaria vel terminalia, 2-bracteata, 3-flora (semper ?). Bacca 4-5 lineas diametro, globosa. Mexico, without locality (Gregg, 314). Hb. Kew. A very distinct plant in its slender branchlets and small leaves; but the material is insufficient for a complete description. [Dendrodaphne macrophylla, Beurling in Kongl. Vetens.-Akad. Handl. 1804, p. 145; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 259, from Panama, is a very doubtful plant. | 9. CASSYTHA. Cassytha, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 505; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 164. Twining or rambling parasitic herbs or shrubs. About fifteen species, whereof one is widely dispersed in tropical countries, one or two are South-African, one is Bornean, and all the rest are Australian. | 1. Cassytha filiformis, Linn. Sp. Pl.ed. 1, p. 35; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. p. 311; DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 255 (varietates) ; Jacq. Amer. t. 97; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 167. Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1980).—Tropical America, Arrica, Asia, and Avustrauia. Hb. Kew. . [Hernandia sonora, Linn., a common West-Indian tree, may be looked for in Central America. | | Order CXXI. PROTEACE. Proteacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 165. This order comprises forty-nine genera and about 950 species, which, with very few exceptions, are either shrubby or arboreous. The greater part inhabit Australasia and South Africa; and a few small genera are peculiar to South America. A very few species occur in Tropical Africa and Madagascar; the genus Helicia extends from Australia to India and Japan; and Roupala is the only genus north of the equator in America. 1. ROUPALA. Roupala, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 83, t. 82; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 178. There are about thirty species, inhabiting America, from Mexico to South Brazil and Chili ; and one is recorded from New Caledonia. J 78 PROTEACEZ, 1. Roupala adiantifolia, K1., 3? Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 434. Costa Rica and Veraguas, PANAMA ( Warscewicz). The type is a native of Brazil. 2. Roupala borealis, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXVI) Fere glabra, foliis (saltem superioribus) simplicibus obscure remoteque dentatis, venis primariis costaque subtus prominentibus, racemis simplicibus, pedicellis quam flores brevioribus. Folia (saltem superiora) simplicia, longe petiolata, coriacea, ovata vel elliptica, acuminata, basi cuneata, 6-9-pollicaria, obscure remoteque dentata, supra pallida, glaberrima, venis costaque immersis, subtus fulva, glabra vel minutissime lepidota, venis primariis costaque prominenter elevatis. Flores fere omnino glabri, fasciculatim racemosi; racemi ex ramis vetustioribus oriundi, 3-6-pollicares ; pedicelli floribus paullo breviores ; ovarium glabrum vel fere glabrum, stylo clavato. Fructus ignotus. Sovran Mexico, San Cristobal, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3128). Hb. Kew. This differs from the simple-leaved variety of R. martii in the distant primary veins and midrib being very prominent on the under surface of the leaves, the former leaving the latter at a very acute angle and traversing nearly two thirds of the length of the leaf. It also differs in being almost altogether glabrous in all its parts, and in the racemes proceeding from the old woed in the only specimen seen. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXVI. Fig. 1, portion of inflorescence; 2, a flower; 3, a segment of the perianth bearing a stamen ; 4, ovary and disk: all enlarged. 3. Roupala complicata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 153, t. 119; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 161; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 192; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 427. PaNAMA, common (Seemann, 1579), Isle de Taboga (Hinds).—CotomBia to. Perv. Hb. Kew. 4. Roupala loranthoides, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 425. Guatemala (Lriedrichsthal). 5. Roupala martii, Meissn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. fasc. xiv. p. 87, t. 32. fig. 3; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 435. a. Simplicifolia, Meissn. loc. cit. Costa Rica (Warscewicz) ; Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz).—Braziu. Hb. Kew. B. pinnata, Mart. loc. cit. Costa Rica (Warscewicz) ; Panama, Veraguas ( Warscewicz).—BRraziu. THYMELZACEA, 79 Order CXXII. THYMELASACE. Thymeleacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant ii. p. 186. Trees or shrubs, or very rarely herbaceous. There are thirty-eight genera referred ‘to this Order; and these comprise about 360 species, which mostly inhabit the temperate regions of the Old World, especially South Africa, the Mediterranean region, and Australasia. Several inhabit North and South America, but they are not numerous. 1. DAPHNOPSIS. Daphnopsis, Mart. et Zucc. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 65; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 191. An exclusively American genus of about twenty shrubby and arboreous species, ranging from Mexico to Peru and Brazil. 1. Daphnopsis bonplandii, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 521. Daphne bonplandiana, Kth. Synop. i. p. 447 ; Linnea, v. p. 89. Hargasseria mexicana, C. A. Mey. in Bull. Acad. St. Pétersb. iv. n. 4; Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xx. p. 51. , Hargasseria schiedeana, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. 2, p. 68. Sour Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Humboldt & Bonpland), Plan del Rio (Schiede). GB. mollis, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 521. Sovra Mexico, around Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 2. Daphnopsis cestrifolia, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 523. Daphne cestrifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 150. Hargasseria cestrifolia, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. 2, p. 68; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 247. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 96; Galeotti, 523).—Conompia. Hb. Kew. 8. Daphnopsis lindeni, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 523. South Mexico, Mirador at 1000 feet (Linden, 95). Hb. Kew. 4, Daphnopsis salicifolia, Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 522. Daphne salicifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 150. Daphne mexicana, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 236; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, . 20). Hargaseoria aicifoia, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. 2, p. 68. Soutn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 524), near Jalapa 2000 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7025), Cuernavaca (Humboldt & Bonpland ; Bilimek, 238). Hb. Kew. [The Penwacew are a small Order of four genera and twenty-one species, restricted to South Africa; and the Elwagnacee comprise about sixteen species, referred to three genera, all of which are represented in North America, though not one extends so far south as Mexico. | 80 LORANTHACEA, Series VI. ACHLAMYDOSPOREZ. Order CXXITI. LORANTHACE. Loranthacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 205; Eichl. in Mart. FI. Bras. v. 2, pp. 1-136, tt. 1-44. Shrubby parasites, or, in a very few instances, terrestrial. There are thirteen genera and about 500 species, generally dispersed in tropical countries, rarer in temperate regions, both in the north and in the south. 1. LORANTHUS. Loranthus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 443; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 207. This genus numbers about 330 species, spread over nearly the whole range of the Order, except in North America north of Mexico. 1. Loranthus alveolatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ili. p. 444; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 287; Griseb. in ‘ Bonplandia,’ 1858, p. 7. Panama (Duchassaing).—PERUv. 2. Loranthus americanus, Jacq. Amer. p. 97, t. 67; Descour. Fl. Antill. vi. t. 890; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 311. Loranthus jacquini, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 8308 ; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 182. Mexico (ex Grisebach) ; Panama, Hacienda de San Juan, Veraguas (Seemann). 3. Loranthus auriculatus, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 174. South Mexico, between Oaxaca and Mitla (Andrieux, 343), Pochutla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 4, Loranthus avicularius, Mart. in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 132; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 289; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 132. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann).— BRAZIL. 5. Loranthus cansjerefolius, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 173. Costa Rica, near Aguacaliente, at the foot of the Volcan de Irazu ( Girsted). 6. Loranthus calyculatus, DC. Coll. Mém. vi. t. 10, et Prodr. iv. p. 308; Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 174. SoutH Mexico, Cuernavaca (Berlandier), without locality (Graham, Beechey); Hon- puras, Tigré I., Gulf of Fonseca (Sinclair) ; Nicaraeua, Segovia (Girsted). Hb. Kew. 7. Loranthus chordocladus, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 173. Nicaragua, Granada (rsted) ; Costa Rica, Pacaca (rsted). LORANTHACEZ, 81 8. Loranthus crassipes, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 173. ~Soura Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 875; Bourgeau, 2547; Miiller, 1324), Jalapa (Galeotti, 248). Hb. Kew. 9. Loranthus densiflorus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 62; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 444; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 132. Sours Mexico, Hacienda del Carmen (Hartweg, 468) ; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 10. Loranthus deppeanus, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 172; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 672. - | | SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 11. Loranthus diversifolius, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 63. MExico, without locality (Graham, 234). Hb. Kew. 12. Loranthus glaberrimus, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 170. South Mexico, Guatulco (Liebmann). 13. Loranthus grahami, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 62; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 171. SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1053), without locality (Graham), near San Felipe and Cuesta de San Juan del Estada (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 14. Loranthus hartwegi, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 62; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 173. | Sourn Mexico, Talea (Hartweg); Costa Rica, near Ujaras at 3000 feet (Grsted) ? Hb. Kew. 15. Loranthus immersus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 189. Panama (Seemann) *—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 16. Loranthus inconspicuus, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 102. Souto Mexico, San Blas (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 17. Loranthus interruptus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 440; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 292. . South Mexico, near Ario at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 18. Loranthus karwinskyanus, Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1641. South Mexico, Sultepec (Karwinski). 19. Loranthus liebmanni, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 172. Sout Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 20. Loranthus macrantherus, Hemsley. Psittacanthus macrantherus, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 26. . Souta Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Karwinski). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. io 2) Lo LORANTHACE. 21. Loranthus marginatus, Lam.? Dict. iii. p. 596; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 288. SourH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 249).—Brazin. Hb. Kew. 22. Loranthus mexicanus, Pres] in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 129; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 310. Mexico (Henke). 23. Loranthus microphyllus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p.-439, t. 300; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 291. Sour Mexico, near Cuernavaca (Humboldt & Bonpland). 24. Loranthus occidentalis, Linn. Amen. Acad. v. p. 396; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 287. Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 218), Chagres (Fendler, 135)—CotomBiaA; GUIANA; | Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 25, Loranthus crstedii, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 171. Nicaracva, near Granada (rsted). 26. Loranthus polyrhizos, Mart. in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 189; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 290; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 132. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann).—Braziut. Hb. Kew. 27. Loranthus quercicola, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 173; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 444. Souta Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 28. Loranthus ramiflorus, Moc. et Sessé in DC. Prodr. iv. p. 308; DC., Calques des Dess. Pl. Fl. Mex. 448. Mexico (Mocino & Sessé). 29. Loranthus rhynchanthus, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 102; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 174. Honpuras, Isle de Tigré (Sinclair) ; Nicaracua, Realejo ( Grsted). 30. Loranthus schiedeanus, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 172; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 672; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 174. SouTH Mzxico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2656 ; Muller, 1687), Mirador (Linden, . 536; Liebmann), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 18), between Chalco and Gonacatepec (Andrieur, 342); Guaremata, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 409), Duefias (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner; Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 9500 feet (Ersted). Hb. Kew. 31. Loranthus spirostylis, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 315; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 172. Spirostylis henkeana, Presi in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 163. Sovta Mexico, Acapulco (Henke), Pelado (Liebmann) * LORANTHACE. 83 32. Loranthus surinamensis, Mig. in Linnea, xviii. p. 62; Walp. Rep. v. p. 937; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 1702 Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 6000 to 8000 feet (Grsted).—Gutana. 33. Loranthus tehuacanensis, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 171. Souta Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann), San Felipe, near Oaxaca (Andrieur, 344), Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1620); Guatemata (Lriedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 34. Loranthus theobrome, Willd. in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 132; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 289. Panama, Old Panama (Seemann, 509; S. Hayes, 98).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. This and one or two other species from Panama bear names in Kew herbarium different from those given in Seemann’s ‘ Botany of the Herald.’ 35. Loranthus venetus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 434; Schult. Syst. Veg. vil. p. 143. Loranthus vegetus, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 313. Sout Mexico, near Cuernavaca, at about 5000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). With regard to the name venetus, Schultz (loc. cit.) says ‘‘ Rationem nominis specifici non intelligimus ;” and DeCandolle (loc. cit.) “‘ Nomen nec mihi nec Schultesio intelli- gibile, sphalmate supposito, paulo mutavi.” But it seems to have been given in allusion to the glaucous colour of the foliage. 2. ARCEUTHOBIUM. Arceuthobium, Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. Suppl. p. 629; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 213. Five or six species, one of which is widely spread in the south of Europe, western Asia, and North-west America; the rest are endemic in North America, chiefly on the western side and in Mexico. 1. Arceuthobium campylopodum, Engelm. in A. Gr. Pl. Lindheim. 2, in Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 214 in nota; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 177. New Mexico.—Mexico, peak of Orizaba, at 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Liebmann). 2. Arceuthobium cryptopodum, Engelm. in A. Gr. Pl. Lindheim. 2, in Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 214; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Mcddel. 1864, p. 177; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1037. Arceuthobium vaginatum, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 105, t. 31. Viscum vaginatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 445. Texas.—Mexico, peak of Orizaba, around Vaqueria del Jacal, at 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. m 2 84 LORANTHACE. 3. Arceuthobium oxycedri, Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. Suppl. p. 629; D. Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. p. 104. Arceuthobium americanum, Nutt., ex Engelm. in Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 214, in nota; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 106. . Wromine to-Orgcon, and southward to CoLoraDo and CatirorniA.—MeExico, peak of Orizaba 12,000 feet (Linden, 540), summit of San Felipe (Andrieux, 349).—Sovtu Evrope; West Asia. Hb. Kew. It is uncertain whether Andrieux and Linden’s specimens be correctly referred to this species, whatever limitation we accept. Engelmann regards the American form as a species distinct from A. oxycedri. 4, Arceuthobium, sp. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2138). Hb. Kew. 3. DENDROPHTHORA. Dendrophthora, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 102, t.31; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 214. About twenty-five species are known, most of which inhabit the West Indies, and the remainder continental America. 1. Dendrophthora biserrula, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 104. GuateMALa (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—CotomsBia. Hb. Kew. 4, PHORADENDRON. Phoradendron, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. ser. 2, i. p. 185; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 214. An exclusively American genus of about eight species, ranging from Oregon to the Argentine Republic. 1. Phoradendron angustifolium, Fichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 115, in obs. ad. n. 13. : Loranthus angustifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 442. Viscum falcatum, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 172, nec Hook. Ie. t. 368. Viscum schiedeanum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 670. South Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 538; Schiede & Deppe), around Oaxaca (Andrieuz, 346); GuaTEMaLa (friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 2. Phoradendron annulatum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. Costa Rica (Grsted). 3. Phoradendron bolleanum, Hemsley. Viscum bolleanum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 295, t. 63. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2189). Hb. Kew. LORANTHACEA. 85 4, Phoradendron brachystachyum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. Viscum brachystachyum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 280. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 541), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 2694), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1755), Acalzingo and Tehuacan (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 5. Phoradendron brevifolium, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. Soutn Mexico, near Tehuacan (Liebmann). 6. Phoradendron californicum, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. n. s. i. p. 185; ‘Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 185; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 100. CatirorniA.—NortH Mexico, along the Gila (Schott). 7. Phoradendron corynarthron, Eichl. in Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 115, in nota ad n. 13. Phoradendron rubrum, Griseb., ex Eichl. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Wagner). 8. Phoradendron flavens, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 313 ; Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 116. Viscum flavens, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 266; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 282. Mexico (ex Grisebach); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate); Costa Rica (Lndres).—West Inpies to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 9, Phoradendron flavescens, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. n.s. i. p. 185; A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 59; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. New Jersey and Inuinois southward to New Mexico and Trxas.—Norta Mexico, along the Rio Grande (Wislizenus); Sourn Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). 10. Phoradendron hexastichum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 313; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 179. Viscum hexastichum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 282. Souta Mzxico, Mirador (Liebmann).—Cvupa ; St. Vincent. Hb. Kew. 11. Phoradendron juniperinum, Engelm. in A. Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 58; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 105. North Cauirornta to Arizona and New Mzxico.—Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1115)? Hb. Kew. | 12. Phoradendron latifolium, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 314; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 175. Viscum latifolium, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 268. Viscum teretifolium, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 280. SourH Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Linden, 539), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2175); Costa Rica (Grsted); Panama, Chagres (Kendler, 136).—Cusa ; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 86 LORANTHACEZ. 13. Phoradendron nervosum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 175. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miiller, 1219; Botteri, 873; Bourgeau, 2546), Colipa (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1483); Costa Rica, Candelaria (rsted) ;; Panama, Boquete (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 14. Phoradendron pachyarthron, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 122, in nota ad n. 23. South Mexico, Bafios (Lhrenberg). 15. Phoradendron pauciflorum, Torr. in Whipple’s Rep. p. 134, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 186. Nort Mexico, Sierra del Pajarito, Sonora (Schott). 16. Phoradendron reichenbachianum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 175. Viscum reichenbachianum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 294, t. 62. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2141); SovrH Mexico, without locality (Graham; Liebmann). Hb. Kew. | 17. Phoradendron rubrum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 314; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 175. Viscum rubrum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1451; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 281. Viscum kunthianum, DC. Prody. iv. p. 283. Loranthus viscifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 443. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 7994) ; SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 1001; Sallé), Mirador (Liebmann); Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 323).—Southward to Peru and in the Wzsr Inpizs. Hb. Kew. It is probable that some of the specimens referred to this species in the Kew herbarium belong to P. corynarthron, Eichl. 18. Phoradendron robustissimum, Eich]. in Mart. FI. Bras. v. 2, p. 122, in nota ad n. 23. Goatemaa (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 19. Phoradendron squamigerum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. Viscum squamigerum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 190. oO oe Costa Rica, summit of Volcan de Irazu, 11,000 feet (Grsted). rk? (or, 20. Phoradendron tomentosum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, Bp. 176. Viscum tomentosum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 670. a South Mexico, Acapulco (Liebmann; Hinds), Real del Mond (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. 21. Phoradendron trinervium, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 314; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 175. Costa Rica (Girsted).— VENEZUELA; West INpDIEs. LORANTHACEA. | 87 22. Phoradendron velutinum, D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 176. Viscum velutinum, DC. Prodr. iv. p. 281. Souta Mexico, around Toluca (Andrieux, 347; Berlandier), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 782, 1116; Schaffner, 188), Chinantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 5. ANTIDAPHNE. Antidaphne, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 70, t. 199; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 216. Two species in Colombia and Peru. 1. Antidaphne viscoidea, Pepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 70, t. 199 ; Walp. Rep. v. p. 935; D. Oliv. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1864, p. 177. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (rsted); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1619).—South- ward to Perv. Hb. Kew. Order CXXIV. SANTALACE. Santalacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 217. Trees, shrubs, or slender herbs, the herbaceous species often root-parasites. There are twenty-eight genera, comprising upwards of 200 species, generally dispersed in tropical and temperate regions, though hitherto only one member of the order has been found within our limits. 1. COMANDRA. Comandra, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. i. p. 157; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 224. Four herbaceous or half-shrubby species, whereof one inhabits south-eastern Europe and the rest North America. 1. Comandra umbellata, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. i. p. 157; DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 636. 6. angustifolia, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 189. Comandra pallida 8. angustifolia, DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 637. Arizona ; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Wright). Hb. Kew. Typical C. umbellata is widely spread from Oregon, Saskatchewan, and the northern Atlantic States southward. Order CXXV. BALANOPHORE. Balanophoree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 282. Fleshy, herbaceous root-parasites, mostly inhabiting the tropics, a few South Africa, one the Mediterranean region, and one New Zealand. ‘There are about thirty-five species, which are referred to fourteen genera. 88 BALANOPHOREZ. 1. LANGSDORFFIA. Langsdorffia, Mart. in Eschwege’s Journ. Bras. ii. p.178; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 236. A monotype. 1. Langsdorffia hypogza, Mart. in 1 Eschwege’s Journ. Bras. li. p. 178, t. 5, et in Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 181, tt. 298 et 299; Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. t. 2 ; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 140. Thonningia mexicana et T. janeirensis, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Christ. 1847, p. 180. Souru Mexico, Oaxaca (Liebmann).—ConomBia and VENEZUELA to Southern BraziL. 2. HELOSIS. Helosis, Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. viii. p. 416, t. 20; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 237 , Three species (or varieties of one), inhabiting Tropical America. 1. Helosis mexicana, Liebm. in Forhandl. Skand. Naturf. Christ. 1847, p. 181; Eichl. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 136 ; Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. p- 09, tt. 15 et 16. Sour Mzxico, Mirador (Linden, 146), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3030), mountains of Vera Cruz and Oaxaca 3000 to 5000 feet (Ziebmann).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 3. CORYN ZEA. Corynea, Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. p. 81; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 237. Four species, restricted-to the Andes, from Colombia to Peru, and Costa Rica. 1. Corynza crassa, Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. p. 54, t.13; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 137. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Wendland).—CoLomBta. Series VII. UNISEXUALES. Order CXXVI. EUPHORBIACEZ. Euphorbiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 239. | A large order of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, inhabiting tropical and temperate countries, absent from alpine and polar regions. It comprises upwards of 3000 species, referred to 197 genera. 1. PEDILANTHUS. Pedilanthus, Neck. Elem. Bot. ii. p. 854; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 257. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about fifteen shrubby species. They range from Mexico and the West Indies southward to Brazil. EUPHORBIACEZ. 89 1. Pedilanthus aphyllus, Boiss. in KI. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 106, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 6. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 2. Pedilanthus articulatus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 6. Diadenaria articulata, K\. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 108. New Spain ? (hb. Pavon). 3. Pedilanthus bracteatus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv, 2, p. 6. Euphorbia bracteata, Jacq. Hort. Schonb. iii. p. 14, t. 276. Mexico? 4, Pedilanthus finckii, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1261. SoutH Mexico, at the source of the Atoyac (Minck). Ub. Kew. 5. Pedilanthus ghiesbreghtianus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1261. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). 6. Pedilanthus involucratus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 6. Diadenaria involucrata, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocce. p. 107. MExIco. 7. Pedilanthus cerstedii, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 106 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 6. Nicaraeua, near Segovia (Crsted). 8. Pedilanthus pavonis, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 6. Diadenaria pavonis, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 108. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 9. Pedilanthus ramosissimus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 5. Pedilanthus parasiticus, K). et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 105, nec Boiss. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 10. Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Par. xix. p. 390, t. 19; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 5. Euphorbia tithymaloides, Linn. Hort. Cliff. p. 198 ; Descour. Fl. Antill. t. 118; Bot. Reg. t. 837. Euphorbia carinata, Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 9, p. 155; Bot. Mag. t. 2514. Euphorbia canaliculata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 727. Crepidaria myrtifolia, Haw. Succ. p. 136. Costa Rica (Endres, cult.).—Cusa; VenezueLa. Hb. Kew. 2. EUPHORBIA. Euphorbia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 609 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 258. Upwards of 600 species of this genus are known; and they are generally diffused in temperate regions, rarer in tropical regions. They are mostly herbaceous, though some are half-shrubby, and some shrubby, whilst others have fleshy stems and strongly resemble some of the Cerei. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., October 1882. n 90 EUPHORBIACEA. - In addition to those indicated as existing in Kew herbarium, there is a considerable number of distinct unnamed species. | 1. Euphorbia adenoptera, Bertol. Misc. iii. p. 436, t. 23. fig. 3; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 49; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 19. Euphorbia dioica, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 53. Euphorbia callitrichoides, Schauer in Linnza, xxv. p. 27, non H. B. K. Euphorbia anceps, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 162. Euphorbia ocymoides, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310. Anisophyllum lindenianum, A. densiflorum et A. amenum, K). et Garcke, Tricocc. pp. 87, 28, et 33. Fuoria to Texas and New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 816, 819) ; Soura Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 094, 995; Galeotti, 3779), Papantla (Schiede), common in the valley of Mexico (Schaffner), Zipimeo (Gregg), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1447); Guaremata, San Augustin (Bernoulli, 985).—North part of Sovry Amertca, and the West INDIES. Hb. Kew. 8. indivisa, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 187; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 49. Nort Mexico, at the copper-mines within the old boundory (Wright). Hb. Kew. 2. Euphorbia adiantoides, Lam. Dict. ii. p. 426; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 57. Leptopus hartwegi, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 46. Nort Mexico (Palmer, 1141).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 3. Euphorbia angusta, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. &° Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 189; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 18. Texas ; New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, valley of the Rio Grande (Wright). Hb. Kew. 4, Euphorbia antisyphilitica, Zucc. in Acad. Monac. vii. p. 272; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 69. Euphorbia occulta, Kl. in. Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 277. Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2164), mountains west of Saltillo (Palmer, 1217), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000: feet (Parry & Palmer, 821); Sout Muxico, Zimapan (Coulter, 763). Hb. Kew. 5. Euphorbia anychioides, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 12, et in DC. Prodt. xv. 2 p. 39. Sour Mexico, Villalpando, Guanajuato (Mendez). b) 6. Euphorbia ammannioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 55; DC. Proar. xv. 2, p. 28. | _ Souta Mexico, near Vera Cruz (hb. Lenormand); Nicaracva (friedrichsthal) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 276).—Vunuzunta. Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACEZ. | 91 7. Euphorbia ammatotricha, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 10, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 29. Mexico, Victoria (Karwinskt). 8. Euphorbia apocynoides, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 99; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 61. PanaMA, Punta de Garachine (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 9. Kuphorbia arenaria, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 57; DC. Prodr. xv. p. 56. Eumecanthus arenarius, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 43. GuatTeMaLa, Cumbre de Atitlan (Bernoulli, 643).—Cotomsia to Peru. Hb. Kew. 10. Euphorbia ariensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 57 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 56. Eumecanthus ariensis et E. benthamianus, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 42. Sours Mexico, around Ario, 4000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 3736; Humboldt & Bon- pland), Pazcuaro (Hartweg, 387). Hb. Kew. 11. Euphorbia arizonica, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 186; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 48. Arizona.—NortH Mexico, San Yanos, Sonora (Schott), 12. Euphorbia astroites, Fisch. et Mey. Animad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1845; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 57; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 35. Mexico, Tampacoala (Karwinsk?). 13, Euphorbia astyla, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. NortH Mexico, valley of the Rio Nazas, Chihuahua (Gregq). 14. Euphorbia barbellata, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 190; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 73. Euphorbia morisoniana, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 100, ex parte. NortH Mexico, on the Rio Grande (Wright); Sourn Mexico, near Cuernavaca (Berlandier); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Seemann). Hb. Kew. | 15. Euphorbia bilobata, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 190; DC. Prody. xv. 2, p. 52. Nuw MeExico.—Norru Mexico, Sonora (Wright). Hb. Kew. 16. Euphorbia boerhavifolia, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 54. Adenopetalum boerhaaviifolium, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 47. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (@rsted). 17. Euphorbia buxifolia, Lam. Dict. ii. P- 421; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 15; Descour. FL. Antill. vi. t. 418. ‘9 n2 92 EUPHORBIACEZ. Fioripa.— British Honpuras (Strangways).—VENEZUELA and throughout the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 18. Euphorbia calyculata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 59; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 106. Tithymalus calyculatus, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 81. SourH Mexico, near Lake Pazcuaro, Michoacan (Humboldt & Bonpland) ; Nuw Spat (hb. Pavon). 19. Euphorbia campestris, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 84; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 146. Nort Mexico, Parras (Palmer, 1227), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 803); South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 470 ; Bourgeau, 637, 1292), Toluca (Andricur, 101), near Real del Monte at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 3728), Chiapas (Gheesbreght), Guanajuato (Hartweg), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, . 617), without precise localities (Parkinson; Graham; Halsted, and others). Hb. Kew. B. esulzformis, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 147; Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 729 (species). Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Smith). y. Seemanni, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 147; Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 276 (species). | Norru Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2160). Hb. Kew. 20. Euphorbia capitellata, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p- 188; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 22. Norta Mexico, San Bernardino, Sonora (Wright, 1849). Hb. Kew. 21. Euphorbia chamesula, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 38, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 162. Texas; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, San Luis mountains, Sonora(Smith). Hb. Kew. 22. Kuphorbia colorata, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 190; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 73. NortH Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Thurber). 23. Euphorbia colletioides, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 163; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 61. Euphorbia recta, K\. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 277. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2161); Soura Mzxico, Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 24. Kuphorbia cotinifolia, Linn. Amen. Acad. iii. p. 112; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 09; Commel, Hort. Amst. i. t. 15. Alectoroctonum cotinifolium, Schl, in Linnea, xix. p. 252, et A. willdenowii, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce p. 41. . EUPHORBIACEZ. . 93 GUATEMALA, Llanos at the base of Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Wust Inpizs and southwards to Buenos Ayres. Hb. Kew. 25. Euphorbia cumbre, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 16, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 48. Mexico, Santa Madre, above Victoria (Karwinski). 26. Euphorbia cuphosperma, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 73. Euphorbia dentata y. cuphosperma, Enugelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 190. Norta Mexico, copper-mines within the old boundary (Wright). 27. Euphorbia delicatula, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 12, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 50. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 28. Huphorbia dentata, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 211; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 72. Poinsettia dentata et P. schiedeana, K\. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 102. Ouro and Missouri southward.—NortH Mexico, Soledad and Parras ( Palmer, 1222, 1224), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 805); Sovru Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 582), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1439), near Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 640); Guatemata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. B. lasiocarpa, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 72. Mexico, near Tanquesillos (Karwinskt). >. rigida, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 190. Norra Mexico, Rio San Pedro, Sonora (Wright), Monterey (Edwards). 29. Euphorbia dioscoreoides, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 22, et Ic. Euphorb, t. 37, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 58. Sourn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1460); Guatumata, below Santa Ata (Bernoulli, 1079); New Spatn (hb. Pavon). Hb. Kew. 30. Euphorbia discolor, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 54. Adenopetalum discolor, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 49. Costa Rica, Aguacate and near San Jose (@irsted). 31. Euphorbia exstipulata, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 189; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 53; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 29. Texas; New Mexico.—Norrs Mexico, Sonora (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 32. Euphorbia fendleri, Torr. et A. Gr. Pacif. Railr. Rep. ii. p. 175; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 38, | Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Thurber). Hb. Kew, 33. Euphorbia floribunda, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 39. Sour Muxico, Guadalajara (Gregg, 856). Hb. Kew. 94 | EUPHORBIACE. 34. Euphorbia florida, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 189; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 46; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 14. . Norra Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1829; Thurber). Hb. Kew. 35. Huphorbia francoana, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 22; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 58. Sourn Mzxico, Oaxaca (Franco); New Spain (hb. Pavon). 36. Euphorbia friedrichsthalii, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 61. GuateMaLa (Friedrichsthal). 37. Kuphorbia fruticulosa, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 38. Nort Mexico, Saltillo (Gregg, 506). Hb. Kew. 38. Kuphorbia fulgens, Karw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1834, p. 26; Paxt. Mag. Bot. iv. t. 81; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 68. Euphorbia jacquinieflora, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3678. Tricherostigma fulgens, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 42. SourH Mexico, Zacatepec (Karwinski), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 65). Hb. Kew. 39. Euphorbia furcillata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 60; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 147; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 98. Sout Mexico, around Moran, Real del Monte, and Pachuca at 7000 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 40. Kuphorbia geniculata, Ort. Dec. p. 16; DC. Prodr. xv. p. 72. Euphorbia prunifolia, Jacq. Hort. Schénb. iii. t. 277 ; Reichb. Hort. Bot. t. 174. Euphorbia elliptica, Lam. Dict. ii. p. 425. Euphorbia frangulefolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 62. Poinsettia geniculata, P. frangulefolia, P. ruiziana et P. prunifolia, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. pp. 101, 102 et 104. Texas.—NortH Mexico, south of El Paso ( Wright), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 804); Sovrn Mextco, region of Orizaba (Bilimek, 374; Bourgeau, 2662; Botteri, 083, 584; Miller, 929), Zimapan (Coulter, 1440), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1692), Tehuacan, 5500 feet (Galeotti, 8747), Mirador (Linden, 789); Panama (Seemann, 1652; 8. Hayes, 397).—Southward to Peru and Braziu, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 41. Kuphorbia glaberrima, Kl. in Scem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 276; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 39. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann). 42. Kuphorbia glyptosperma, Engelm. in Torr. Bot, U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 187; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 48; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 18. SASKATCHEWAN and Missouri southward.—Norru Mexico, along the Rio Grande Wright). EUPHORBIACEZ. 95 43. Euphorbia graminea, Jacq. Stirp. Am. p. 151; Obs. Bot. t. 31: DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 54. Euphorbia nudiflora, Lam. Dict. ii. p. 426. Euphorbia humboldtii, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. p. 503. Euphorbia leptalea, Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 728. Euphorbia canaliculata, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 18. Euphorbia nuda, Steud. Nom. Bot. i. p. 618. Anisophyllum humboldtii, Haw. Succ. p. 161. Adenopetalum gramineum, A. hoffmannii, A. cerstedii, A. ellipticum et A. mexicanum, KI. et Garcke, Tricoce. pp. 47, 48 et 50. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 586, 587, 588, 589), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 639), Jalapa, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 781, 3762); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1241). — VENEZUELA ; GUIANA; Braziu. ' y. acutifolia, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 54. Adenopetalum pubescens et A. irazuense, K1. et Garcke, Tricocc. pp. 49 et 50. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (sted). e. Subsinuata, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 54. Adenopetalum subsinuatum, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 48. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 44, Kuphorbia greggii, Engelm; DO. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 147. Nort Mexico, San Antonio near Saltillo (Gregg). 45. Euphorbia grisea, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 41. NortH Mexico, Cerralbo, Nuevo Leon (Gregg), Monterey (Eaton). 46. Euphorbia hartwegiana, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 31. South Mzxico, Guanajuato (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 47. Kuphorbia heterophylla, Linn. Ameen. Acad. iii. p. 112; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 72. ILuinors to Perv and Brazi. Hb. Kew. a. genuina, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 72; Bot. Reg. t. 765. Poinsettia heterophylla et P. edwardsii, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 104. Texas.—NortH MeExico.—CoLomBIa. B. cyathophora, Boiss. loc. cit.; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 480 (species). Poinsettia cyathophora, K1. et Garcke, loc. cit. Chiefly in Mexico and the West Inp1zs. 48. Kuphorbia hoffmanniana, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 99, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 50. Euphorbiastrum hoffmannianum, K\. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 101. Costa Rica, San José (Hoffmann), without locality (Endres, 117). Hb. Kew. 96 EUPHORBIACEA. 49, Kuphorbia hypericifolia, Linn. Hort. Cliff. p. 198; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 23; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 36. Euphorbia cuspidata, Bertol. Misc. Bot. iii. p. 488, t. 22. fig. 2. Anisophyllum hyssopifolium, K1. et Garcke. NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 808); Sovrh Muxico, around Oaxaca (Andrieux, 100), region of Orizaba (Miller, 80; Botteri, 593 ; Bourgeau), Bolafios and Zimapan (Coulter, 1436, 1438), Puente Nacional (Linden, 785), La Antigua, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 3760) ; GuatTemaLa, Volcan de Fuego 4600 feet (Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, A))4) ; Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 275, 277).—And_ widely dispersed in the West Inpres and the warmer parts of Sourn Amrrica. Hb. Kew. 50. Euphorbia karwinskyi, Boiss. Cent. EKuphorb. p. 6, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 21. . New Mexico.—Mextco, Huajutla and Hacienda de Tamaloc (Karwinski). 51. Euphorbia lacera, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 22, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 53, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 30. Mexico (hb. Pavon). 52. Euphorbia lancifolia, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 143; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 59. Poinsettia lancifolia, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 103. Souta Mexico, Misantla (Schiede), Orizaba (Botteri, 581), valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1702), Hb. Kew. 53. Euphorbia lasiocarpa, Kl. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xix. Suppl. p. 414; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 23. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Franco), Zimapan and Bolafios (Coulter, 1437); Honpuras (Zjalmarson); Costa Rica (Hoffmann); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 271).—-CoLoMBIA to Peru and Guiana and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 54. Huphorbia lathyris, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 655; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 99. Nort Mexico, Saltillo (Palmer, 2059); Sour Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1290). Hb. Kew. This is most likely an introduced plant in Mexico and other parts of America. It is indigenous in the south of Europe. 55. Kuphorbia leucantha, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 42. Anisophyllum leucanthum, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 27. Mexico (Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. 56. Euphorbia ligustrina, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 22, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 61, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 389. New Spain (hb. Pavon). EUPHORBIACEZ. 97 57. Euphorbia macropus, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 52, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 26. Anisophyllum macropus et A. crassipes, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocc. pp. 33 et 38. Sourn Mexico, Real del Monte and Cerro Vento (Ehrenberg). 58. Euphorbia maculata, Linn. Sp. Pl. i. n. 21, nec Linn. Mant., ex Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 46; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. t. 186. Canapa to Fioripa and Texas.—Norra Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1449); Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 596). Hb. Kew. 59. Euphorbia melanadenia, Torr. in Pacif. Railr. Rep. iv. p. 135; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 31. CALIFORNIA. 8. subinappendiculata, Engelm., ex Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 32. Euphorbia cinerascens, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 186. New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua and Sonora (Thurber), near Monterey (Gregg). Hb Kew. . 60. Euphorbia mendezii, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 15, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 41. | Sourn Mexico, Leon, near Guanajuato (Mendez), Orizaba (Botteri, 1857). 61. Euphorbia moptana, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 192; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 148. . Rocky Mountains southward.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Mountains, Sonora (Smith). . Hb. Kew. 62. Euphorbia multicaulis, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 191; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 135. | . Euphorbia dictyosperma, var. mexicana, Engelm. loc. cit. New Mexitco.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Thurber). 63. Euphorbia multiseta, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 51; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 57; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 36. | South Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 64. Kuphorbia ocymoidea, Linn. Ameen. Acad. iii. p. 112; DC. Prodr. xv. 2 p. 07. Euphorbia fimbrilligera, Mart. Del. Sem. Hort. Monac. 1845, et Linnea, xix. p. 407. Leptopus ocymoides, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 45. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 580; Miller, 1204), Mirador (Linden, 796), Jalapa (Schiede) ; Guatemaua, Bafio de los Padres (Bernoulli, 121).— Venuzug.a. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IT1., January 1883. 0 3 98 EUPHORBIACE. 65. Euphorbia erstediana, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 59. Poinsettia erstediana, Kl. et Garcke, Tricocce. p. 108. Guatemaia (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica, Naranjo (Grsted). 66. Kuphorbia orizabe, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 147. | Soutn Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Galeotte, 3737 ; Linden, 791). Hb. Kew. 67. Euphorbia pediculifera, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S, & Mex. Bound. Surv. p- 186; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 48. NortH Mexico, Sonora (Wright, 1848; Schott). Hb. Kew. 68. Kuphorbia peganoides, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 22, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 40, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 62. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 69. Euphorbia physalifolia, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 19, et Ic. Euphorb. t. 34, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 56. New Spaln (hb. Pavon). 70. Euphorbia pilosula, Engelm. ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 39. Mexico, Tiristiran (Gregg, 792). Hb. Kew. 71. Euphorbia pilulifera, Linn. Amen. Acad. iii. p. 114; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 21; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 478. Euphorbia globulifera, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 56. Fioripa to Texas and New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 809); Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botterd, 597), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1680); GuatemaLA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 87, 80); Nicaracua, Greytown (Tate, 855); Costa Rica (Hndres); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 274).—Common in Tropical and Subtropical SourH America and the WEstT Inpigs; also widely dispersed in the warm regions of the OLD WorLD. Hb. Kew. 6. procumbens, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 21; DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 111 (species). Euphorbia gemella, Lag. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 17. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 815) ; SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Botteri, 596 ; Sumichrast).—Southward to Brazit and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 72. Euphorbia podadenia, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. Soutn Mexico, valley of Mexico (ex Botssier). 73. Euphorbia polycarpa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 50; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 44. CaLIFORNIA.—NortH Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1448), banks of the Gila (Emory). Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACEZ. 99 74. Huphorbia preslii, Guss. Fl, Sic. Prodr. i. p. 539; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 23. CanaDa to Trexas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 814), Chihuahua (Potts) ; Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 590, 591), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 185), Zacatecas (Hartweg).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 8. glaberrima, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 23. SourH Mexico, near Jalapa, and on the Rio Blanco (Karwinski). This species occurs as an introduced plant in Sicily and elsewhere in the Old World. 75. Kuphorbia prostrata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ii. p. 139; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 47; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 17. Euphorbia callitrichoides et E. tenella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen, et Sp. ii. pp. 52, 58. Euphorbia trichogona, Bertol. Misc. Bot. iii. p. 20, t. 6. fig. 3. Euphorbia perforata, Guss. Fl. Sic. Prodr. i. p. 540. Lovistana to Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 818); Sours Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1446), without locality (Karwinski); Guatemata (Bernoulli)—And widely dispersed in Sourh AMERICA and the West InpiEs; also in Tropical Arrica, BourBon and Mauritius. Hb. Kew. Naturalized in Sicily and elsewhere. 76. Kuphorbia pulcherrima, Willd., ex Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 71. Euphorbia erythrophylla, Bertol. Fl. Guat. p.19, t.6. Poinsettia pulcherrima, Grah. Edinb. Phil. Journ. 1836; Bot. Mag. t. 3493. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann); Sour Muxico, Papantla (Schiede), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1674); Guatemata (Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica (¢Grsted). Hb. Kew. 77. Euphorbia pycnanthema, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 188; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 22. Nortu Mexico, Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua (Wright). “Ab. Kew. 78. Euphorbia radians, Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 8 et 20; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 74. Poinsettia radians, K\. et Garcke, Tricocce. p. 104. SoutH Mexico, Guanajuato (Hartweg), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 3750). - Hb. Kew. 79. Euphorbia radioloides, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 45. Nortu Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1522). Hb. Kew. | 80. Euphorbia restiacea, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 162; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 74. South Mexico, between San Blas and Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 81. Euphorbia revoluta, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 186; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 46; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 13. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, valley of the Rio Grande (Wright). Hb. Kew. 02 100 EUPHORBIACEZ. 82. Euphorbia saccharata, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 18, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 62. Adenopetalum ellipticum, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 50. Mexico (Ehrenberg); New. Spain (hb. Pavon). 83. Euphorbia scabrella, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 55, et Ic. Kuphorb. t.32, 0 | | Euphorbia graminea, Schl. et Cham. in Linnea, v. p. 83, non Jacq. Eumecanthus triphyllus, K\. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 48. Adenopetalum bracteatum, K1. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 48. Souta Mexico, without locality (Schiede & Deppe), Oaxaca (Franco), Jalapa (Linden, 781), Huajutla (Karwinski); Nicaracua, Xinotega, Segovia (Ersted). 84. Euphorbia scandens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 58; DC. Prodr. XV. 2, p. 63. Sout Mexico, near Mazatlan (Humboldt & Bonpland). 85. Euphorbia schlechtendalii, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 18, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 60. Alecteroctonum ovatum, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 252. South Mexico, near Actopan and Papantla (Schiede & Deppe), Los Bafios, Vera Cruz (Heller). 86. Euphorbia scotana, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 60. Alecteroctonum scotanum, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 252. South Mexico, ravines at 3000 feet in the Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 3780). Hb. Kew. 87. Euphorbia segoviensis, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 58. Leptopus segoviensis, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 46. SoutH Mexico, between Tehuantepec and Boca del Monte, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 105) ; Nicaragua, Segovia (Hrsted). Hb. Kew. 88. Euphorbia serpens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 52; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 29. | | | NepRaska to Texas.—Norru Mexico, San Lorenzo dé Laguna and Parras (Palmer, 1192, 1193), region of San Luis Potosi, at 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 820), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2159); Sours Mzxico (Karwinski) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 278). Hb. Kew. p. radicans, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 30. Trxas.—Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier). | A variety of this species is common in India and extends to Java. EUPHORBIACEA. 101 9. Euphorbia sphzrorrhiza, Benth. Fl. Hartw. p. 8; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 68 ; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 346. Tithymalopsis spherorrhiza, K1\. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 44. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 807) ; Sourn Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg, 36). Hb. Kew. 90. Euphorbia stictospora, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. ‘Bound. Surv. p. 187; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 41. Anisophyllum. senile, Kl. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 28. Kansas; Texas; New Mexico.—Norri Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 811); Sours Mexico, near Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 186, in part). Hb. Kew. 91. Euphorbia strigosa, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 73. Euphorbia pedunculata, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 277. Poinsettia pedunculata, K\. et Garcke, Tricocc. p. 102. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2162); Soura Mexico, Zacuapan (Linden, 795), Tepic (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 92. Euphorbia thymifolia, Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 2; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 47. Nort Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts); Sours Mzxico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1156); Nicaragua, Greytown (Zate)—This species is widely dispersed in Tropical America, AFRica, and Asta. Hb. Kew. 93. Euphorbia tomentella, Engelm. ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 32. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Berlandier). 94. Euphorbia torrida, DC. in Atti Sc. Ital. in Tor. p. 157; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 63. Euphorbia marginata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 61. Euphorbia bonplandii, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, p. 600. Dichrophyllum marginatum, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 44. ‘Sourn Mzxico, Vera Cruz (Humboldt & Bonpland), La Antigua, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 3765; Linden, 783). Wb. Kew. 95. Euphorbia trachysperma, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 189; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 33. Norta Mexico, San Pedro, Sonora (Wright, 1832). Hb. Kew. 96. Euphorbia umbellulata, Engelm.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. SourH Mexico, Guadalajara (Gregg, 856), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 97. Euphorbia velleriflora, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. Anisophyilum velleriflorum, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 28. | Sourn Mexico, near Ios Bafios (Ehrenberg), near Hacienda del Limon (Karwinshi). 102 EUPHORBIACEA. 98. Euphorbia velligera, Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 728; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. Anisophyllum tenuiflorum, K1. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 26. ‘Sovra Mexico, Bustamante (Ehrenberg), without locality (Aschenborn). 99. Euphorbia vestita, Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. p. 7, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 26. Mexico (hb. Pavon). 100. Euphorbia villifera, Scheele in Linnea, xxii. p. 153; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 40. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, various localities (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 101. Euphorbia xalapensis, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. P- 61; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 53; Boiss. Ic. Euphorb. t. 31. Poinsettia xalapensis, K\. et Garcke, Tricoce. p. 103. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa (Humboldt & Bonpland ; Schiede), Orizaba (Botteri, 585). Hb. Kew. 102. Euphorbia zierioides, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 58. SourH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 3741). Hb. Kew. 3. SIMMONDSIA. Simmondsia, Nutt. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 400 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 265. A shrubby monotype. 1. Simmondsia californica, Nutt. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 400, t. 16; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 22; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 202, t. 49; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 67. Southern Cauirornia to Arizona.—NortuH Mexico, along the Gila (ex Torrey). 4, PHYLLANTHUS. Phyllanthus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1050; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 272. Herbs, shrubs, or trees, generally spread in warm regions, rarer in temperate ; absent from Europe and Asiatic Russia; very few in North America, and few in South Africa and extratropical Australia. Nearly 450 species are enumerated. 1. Phyllanthus acuminatus, Vahl, Symb. p. 95; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 381. Phyllanthus lycioides, P. ruscoides, et P. mucronatus, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. pp. 112, 113. Souta Mexico, Yucatan (Linden, 737), between Vera Cruz and Santa Fé (Schiede) ; GuaTEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 580); Costa Rica (Hoffmann); Panama (S. Hayes, 17).—CotomBra to Peru and Guiana, and in the West Inpius. Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACEA, . 103 2. Phyllanthus adenodiscus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p, 23, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 374. Phyllanthus glaucescens, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 364, non H. B. K. South Muxico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 513). Kew. 3. Phyllanthus caroliniensis, Walt. Fl. Carolin. p. 228; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 399. PENNSYLVANIA to ALABAMA and Trexas.—Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert, 57 9), Mirador (Linden, 1855); Costa Rica (Grsted); Panama (S. Hayes, 716).— VENEZUELA; COLOMBIA; GaLapacos; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. Botteri’s 579 is referred by Miiller (DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 390) to P. compressus. 4. Phyllanthus chloropheus, Baill. Adansonia, i. p. 27; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 403. Sour Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 858). 5. Phyllanthus compressus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 109; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 390. South Mexico, between Antigua and Vera Cruz (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Botteri, 579).—Pxzru. Hb. Kew. 6. Phyllanthus diffusus, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 105; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 409. Phyllanthus hoffmannseggii, Mull. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 45. a. genuinus, Mill. Arg. DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 409. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 198).—West Inpies to Brazi. Hb. Kew. 7. Phyllanthus ericoides, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 193; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 433. Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Parry). . 8. Phyllanthus galeottianus, Baill. Adansonia, i. p. 32; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 397. Souta Mexico, Morelia, at 3600 feet (Galeotti, 7215). Hb. Kew. 9. Phyllanthus glaucescens, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p.115; DC. Prody. xv. 2, p. 374. South Mexico, Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland). 10. Phyllanthus grandifolius, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 981. y. genuinus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 319. Mexico (ex Baillon).—West Inpizs to Braziu. 104 EUPHORBIACEZ. 11. Phyllanthus lathyroides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 110. «. commutatus, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 403. Phyllanthus niruri, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 87 (non Linn.). - Trxas.—Sournh Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Zacuapan (Liebmann), Orizaba (Botteri, 578); Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—VENEZUELA to Brazit. Hb. Kew. | 6. genuinus, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 404. South Mexico, Orizaba (Sumichrast & Botteri, 578, in part).—VENEZUELA to PERU and BraziL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 12. Phyllanthus laxiflorus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 90; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 375. Soutu Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 1634); GuaTema.a, mountains of Pinula (Hariweg). Hb. Kew. 13. Phyllanthus licbmannianus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 366. SoutH Mexico, Consoquitla, La Isleta near Vera Cruz, and near Mirador (Liebmann). 14. Phyllanthus mocinianus, Baill. Adansonia, i. p. 835; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 382. : Mexico (Mogino & Sessé). 15. Phyllanthus neurocarpus, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiy. p. 69, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 331. Mexico, between Victoria and Tula (Berlandier), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 16. Phylanthus niruri, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1392; Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 406 (varietates). A common species in the warmer parts of America, including Mexico and CenTRaL America; also in Tropical Arrica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 17. Phyllanthus pavonianus, Baill. Adansonia, i. p. 80; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 380. Phyllanthus oxycladus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 26. Mexico?; Perv? -In Kew herbarium there is a specimen from Chiapas (Ginesbreghi, 820) bearing this name. 18. Phyllanthus polygonoides, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. p. 23; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 366 Texas; New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@ Aoust). EUPHORBIACEA. | 105 , 5, FORCHAMMERIA. Forchammeria, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1853, p. 93 ;. Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 278. An arboreous monotype. | 1. Forchammeria pallida, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1853, p. 93. SoutH Mexico, Tehuantepec (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 6. HIERONYMA. Hieronyma, Allem. Diss. Rio Janeiro, 1848, cum ic.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 284. Stilaginella, Tul. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, xv. p. 240. A genus of about eight or ten arboreous and shrubby species, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Hieronyma alchorneoides, Allem. Diss..Rio Janeiro, 1848, cum ic.; DC. Prodr. xv. p. 271. | Euphorbiacearum genus novum, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 106. Panama, Tolé, Veraguas (Seemann, 1213).—Brazt. Hb. Kew. 2. Hieronyma oblonga, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 66, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 271. B. benthami, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Stilaginella benthami, Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xv. p. 247. Sourn Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa, in the mountains of Chinantla (Hartweg, 513 ; Lnebmann), Hb. Kew. _ The forms a, y, and 8 inhabit Guiana and Brazil. 7. TETRORCHIDIUM. | Tetrorchidium, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 23; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 288. A Tropical-American genus of four shrubby and arboreous species. 1. Tetrorchidium rubrivenium, Ppp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 23, t. 227; Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1133 (varietates 4). y. integrifolium, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Crsted). The other varieties are spread from Venezuela to Peru and Brazil. 8. JATROPHA. Jatropha, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1084; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 290. Tall herbs, shrubs, or rarely arboreous. Nearly seventy species are enumerated; and they are spread over Tropical Asia, Africa, and America, though most numerous in the last country. A few occur without the tropics in South Africa and North America. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. p 106 EUPHORBIACEZ. 1. Jatropha aconitifolia, Mill. Dict. n. 6; Miill. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1100 «. palmata, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. VENEZUELA. B. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. South Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Virlet d Aoust), near Mirador and Consoquitl (Liebmann) ; Costa Rica, Puntarenas (rsted). y. multipartita, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Sovutn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miller, 4125). 2. J atropha alamani, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 207, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1077. SoutH Mexico, near Tehuantepec (Alaman). 3. Jatropha andrieuxii, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 208, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1082. Souta Mexico, between Chila and Hnahuapan (Andrieux, 114). Hb. Kew. 4, Jatropha angustidens, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1102. Cnidoscolus angustidens, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 198. NortH Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Schott; Thurber; Wright, 1809). Hb. Kew. | 5. Jatropha berlandieri, Torr. in. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 198; DC. Prodr, xv. 2, p. 1090. Texas; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Edwards)» Mata- moros (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. “ 6. Jatropha canescens, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr, xv. 2, p. 1079. Mozinna canescens, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 52, t. 25; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 198. Lower CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Schott). “7. Jatropha cardiophylla, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1079. Mozinna cardiophylla, Torr. in Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 198. Arizona.—NortH Mexico, near Tucson and in Sierra Verde, Sonora (Schott).. 8. Jatropha cinerea, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1078. Mozinna cinerea, Ort. Dec. p. 108. Mexico (Sessé). Y 9. Jatropha cordata, Miill. Arg. in. DC. Prodr. 2, p. 1078. Mozinna cordata, Ort. Dec. p. 107. Loureira glandulosa, Cav. Ic. Pl. v. p. 18, t. 430. Mexico (Sessé). EUPHORBIACEZ. 107 10. J atropha curcas, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1006 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1080; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. iii. t. 63. Castigliona lobata, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 189, t. 37. Souta Mexico, Gonacatepec (Andriewr, 113), La Antigua, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 7105), near Orizaba (Liebmann).—Widely diffused in Tropical America; also in Arica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 11. Jatropha gossypiifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1006. «. Staphysagriefolia, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p.1086; Bot. Reg. t. 746. West Inpvizs and Tropical Sour AMERICA. B. elegans, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 102 (species). Adenoropium elegans et A. gossypiifolium, Pohl, Pl. Bras. Ic. et Descr. i. pp. 15 et 16. Sourh Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 43), Vera Cruz (Virlet d’Aoust), without locality (Coulter, 1468); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 2); Panama, near San- tiago and Panama (Seemann, 619).—VeNEzUELA; GvuIANA; Brazit; West InprEs; also in West Arrica. Hb. Kew. | 12. Jatropha hernandizfolia, Vent. Hort. Malm. p. 52, adnot.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1077. | New Sprain (Sessé).—Portorico. 13. Jatropha kunthiana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 211, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1199. Jatropha urens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 106. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri), near Mirador (Liebmann).—CoLomBia to GUIANA. 14. Jatropha liebmanni, Mill. Arg. in Linnea. xxxiv. p. 212, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1102. SoutH Mexico, near Tehuacan, Rancho Nuevo &c., Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 15. Jatropha macrorhiza, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 8; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1087. Souta Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1469). Hb. Kew. 16. Jatropha multifida, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1006; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1089 Mexico (hb. Pavon) ; Panama (Seemann, 583).—Cotomsra to BraziL, and in the Wxsr Inpies. Hb. Kew. This species is also wild in Tropical Africa and Asia, though probably originally from America. 17. Jatropha olivacea, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 207, et in DC. Prodr xv. 2, p. 1078. Sours Mexico, San Juan del Estado (Liebmann). 18. Jatropha platyphylla, » Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1077. Mexico (hb. Pavon). p2 108 EUPHORBIACEA. 19. Jatropha podagrica, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4376; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1098 ; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 102. Nicaragua, near Granada (Friedrichsthal ; Lévy, 105) ; SALVADOR, Sonsonaté (Dorat) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 20. Jatropha pseudocurcas, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. P- 208, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1080. Sout Mexico, near Oaxaca (Liebmann). 21. Jatropha rotundifolia, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 211, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1099. | NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust). 22. Jatropha spatulata, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1081. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Mozinna spathulata, Ort. Dec. p. 105, t. 13. Loureira cuneifolia, Cav. Ic. Pl. v. p. 17, t. 429. Curcas cuneifolia, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 315. MEXxIco. 8. sessiliflora, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 1082. Mozinna spathulata 8. sessiliflora, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 357; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound, Surv. — ~p. 197. Texas.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua and Coahuila (Gregg), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 830; Schaffner), Monterey (Eaton & Edwards), Matamoros (Ber- landier); Sovra Muxtco, Guanajuato (Hartweq), ruins of Mitla, at 6000 feet (Galeotti, _ 4005). Hb. Kew. Some of the specimens referred here may be «a. genuina. 23. Jatropha tubulosa, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 212, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1102. «. septemloba, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Mexico (Sessé). 6. quinqueloba, Miill. Arg. loe. cit. Sourh Muxtco, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 599), near Puebla (Andrieux, 111). Hb. Kew. y. triloba, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 1103. PERU. | 24, Jatropha urens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1007. «. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1100; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. i. p. 8, t. 21. Sourn Muxxico, Hacienda de Santa Cruz, near Tehuantepec (Liebmann), Orizaba EUPHORBIACEA. 109 (Miller, 25), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2231); Nicaraeva, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 26). — VENEZUELA; GUIANA; Braziz; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. B. marceravil, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 1101. BRAZIL. . co. y. herbacea, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1007 (species). - Cnidoscolus michausxii, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 87, non Pohl. Jussieua herbacea, Houst. Relig. p. 6, t. 5, excl. fig. 5. Sourh Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe; Miller, 25), near Tampico (Berlandier), Laguna Verde (Liebmann). : §. stimulosa, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. CaRo.Lina to FLORIDA. . GARCIA. Garcia, Rohr in Skrivt. Nat. Hist. Selsk. Kjobeah ll, p. 217, t.9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ill. p. 292. An arboreous monotype. 1. Garcia nutans, Rohr in Skrivt. Nat. Hist. Selsk. Kjébenh. ii. p. 217, t. 9; DC. Pradr. xv. 2, p. 721; Adr. Juss. Tent. Euphorb. p. 41, t. 13. fig. 40; Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. t. 14. South Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Lrvendberg, 273).— VENEZUELA ; CoLomBiA. Hb. Kew. | 10. CROTON. Croton, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1083; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 293. Trees, shrubs, or rarely herbs. About 500 species have been published; and they are widely dispersed in the tropics, extending into extratropical regions both iu North and South America. The genus is unrepresented in Europe and Extratropical Asia. 1. Croton adspersus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 51; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 660. South Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg, 389), Cordillera of Oaxaca ( Galeotti, 3753). Hb. Kew. 2. Croton axillaris, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 126, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 627. NIcARAGuA, near Granada (Crsted). 8. Croton billbergianus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 08, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 082. GUATEMALA (. Friedrichsthal) ; Panama, Portobello (Billberg), Paraiso (S. ‘Hayes, 118). Hb. Kew. of 4. Croton berlandieri, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 688, non. Torr. ,\'- NortH Mexico, around Matamoros (Berlandier, 2282). Hb. Kew. \, ae Es he £ ‘% : 110 EUPHORBIACEA. 5. Croton capitatus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 214. a, lindheimeri, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 687; Engelm. et A. Gr. Pl. Lindh, p. 24, sub Pilinophyto. LovisiaNa; TEXAS. B. genuinus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Pilinophytum capitatum, K). in Erichs. Archiv, 1841, p. 214. Kentucky and Inuinois to Tuxas.—Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 8293). Hb. Kew. | 6. Croton chamedryfolius, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 41, excl. syn., non Lam., qui Acalyphe spec., ex Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 686. Geiseleria chamedryfolia, Kl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. p. 47, excl. syn.; Mig. Stirp. Surinam. p- 98, t. 30. Nicaracua (Tate, 351); Panama (S. Hayes, 207; Seemann, 190).—VeEnEzvuELA; Co- LOMBIA; GUIANA; Brazit; Trintpap. Hb. Kew. 7. Croton ciliato-glandulosus, Ort. Dec. p. 15; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 643. Croton penicillatus, Vent. Choix, p. 12, t. 12; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 84; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 361. South Mexico, region of Oaxaca (Andrieux, 108; Galeotti, 3749; Hartweg, 511; Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 3729), Zimapan (Coulter, 1510), Tampico (Palmer, 1138; Berlandier, 2172).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 8. Croton cladotrichus, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv., et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 640. SoutH Mexico, Puerto de Santa Cruz on the Pacific (Liebmann). 9. Croton cortesianus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 83; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 627; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 361. Croton trichocarpus, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 196. NortH Mexico, Matamoros and San Fernando, Coahuila (Berlandier, 1503, 1540, 2244, 3003, 3040); Sourn Mexico, near Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland), Actopan _ (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 10. Croton dioicus, Cav. Ic. Pl. i. p. 4, t.6; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 691. Croton eleagnifolius, Vahl in Geisel. Crot. Monogr. p. 9. Croton tomentosus, Steud. Nomencl, Bot., ex Mill. Arg. MExico. 11. Croton draco, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 360; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 546. Croton draco 8. genuinus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 90. Cyclostigma draco, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 105. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 3775), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 394), Mirador (Linden, 1351), Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACES. 111 12.. Croton ehrenbergii, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 248; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 636. South Mexico, near Mineral del Monte in Cuesta Blanca, at 7800 to 8400 feet, between Actopan and Izmiquilpan, and between Actopan and Pachuca (Ehrenberg). 13. Croton ellipticus, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. ii. p. 225, excl. syn. Torr.; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 688. Texas.—Nortu Mexico 2, along the Rio Grande. 14. Croton fragilis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 75. a. Sericeus, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 642; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 85 (species). SourH Mexico, Plan del Rio (Schiede § Deppe), near Tlatetla, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. B. genuinus, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. CoLoMBIA. . | 15. Croton francoanus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 124, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 640. Souta Mexico, near Oaxaca (Franco; Liebmann). Ub. Kew. 16. Croton fruticulosus, Torr. Bot. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 194. a. pallescens, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 633. Texas ; New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (Wright, 639, 1803). Hb. Kew. 6. fuscescens, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 634. Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virle¢ d’ Aoust). 17. Croton glabellus, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 409, quoad syn. Sloan., ex Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 517. | Sourh Mexico, various localities in Vera Cruz (Liebmann); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 196, 345); Costa Rica, Aguacate and Volcan de Barba (@rsted); Panama, Remedios, Veraguas (Seemann, 1651).—CotomBia; West Inpigs. Hb. Kew. 18. Croton glandulosus, Linn. Amen. Acad. v. p. 409; Geisel. Crot. Monogr. p. 64; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 41. | #. adenodontus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 684. - BRAZIL. p. divaricatus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Sw. Prod. p. 100, et Fl. Ind. Occ. ii. p. 1187. West Inpiss. y. hirtus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Lhérit. Stirp. Nov. ‘p. 17, t. 9 (species). Mexico (hb. Pavon).—Cotomsia to Perv and Brazil, and in the Wust Inprzs. 6. gardneri, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2. p. 684. BRAZIL. 112 EUPHORBIACEZ. e. intermedius, Miill. Arg. DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 684. (“ Hanc ob rem precedentes cum sequentibus arcte conjungit.”) Sovra Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede).— Bazi. ¢. scordioides, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 685; Lam. Encyel. ii. p. 215 (species). BrazIL. n. Subincanus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. BRAZIL. 6. tenellus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. VENEZUELA. . genuinus, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Croton glandulosus, Linn. Amcen. Acad. v. p. 409; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p, 41. Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Zhrenderg), without locality (hb. Pavon)- — West INDIES. «x. lindheimeri, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. TEXAS. A. angustifolius, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 686. TEXAS. u. Septentrionalis, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Croton glandulosus, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t.194; A. Gr. Man. Bot. N. U. States, ed. 5, p. 488. CAROLINA to FLoripa, Texas and New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico ? 19. Croton gossypiifolius, Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 98. a. hibiscifolius, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 88, et in DC. Prods. xv. 2, p. 538. VENEZEULA ; COLOMBIA. ‘ 6. genuina, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. p.539; Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 98, t. 49 (species). VENEZUELA; GuIANA; WEsT INDIES. y. stipularis, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Sour Mexico, near Oaxaca (Hranco?); Costa Rica (Hoffmann). §. heterophyllus, Mill. Arg. loc. cit.; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 88 (species). CoLoMBIA. 20. Croton grewiefolius, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 87, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 037. Souta Mexico, around Oaxaca (Andrieux, 110), Hb. Kew. 21. Croton gracilis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 69. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 691; Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 238, excl. syn. Eschsch. Croton dioicus, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 534, non Cav. Astrogyne crotonoides, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 14. EUPHORBIACEA, 113 Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 828), Monterey (Eaton & Edwards); Sovran Mexico, Vera Paz to Orizaba (Miller, 980), Llanos de Perote (Schiede), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 287), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 83), Misteca Alta, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 7189). Hb. Kew. B. longiradiatus, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Souta Mexico, near the city of Mexico (hb. Pavon). _ 22. Croton heterochrous, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 121, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 630. | Nicaraeua, between Metagalpa and Xinotega (Crsted). 23. Croton hoffmanni, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 86, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 034, a. Incanus, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 8. viridis, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 24, Croton humilis, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 410; DO. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 670. Croton berlandieri, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 193; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 587. Croton subcapitatus, Mull. Arg. in Buek’s Ind. ad DC. Prodr. pars 4, p. v. Fioripa.—NortH Mexico, Matamoros, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier, 2125).—WeEst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 25. Croton hypoleucus, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 246; DC. Prody. xv. 2, p. 578. Croton shepherdiefolius, Schauer in Linnea, xx. p. 729. Soutn Muxico, Zimapan and San José del Oro (Schiede ; Ehrenberg ; Aschenborn). 26. Croton incanus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 73; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 659. | Sourn Mexico, Los Organos, Actopan 8700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Zimapan (Coulter, 1512%), near El Puente de Dios (Lhrenberg). Hb. Kew. 27. Croton leptostachyus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 79; Benth. PI. Hartw. p. 249. «. malacophyllus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 610; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 248 (species). COLOMBIA. B. genuinus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 1350).—CoLomBia. 28. Croton leucophyllus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 139, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 681. at * Texas or Mexico (Berlandier).° ~ - BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. | qg 114 EUPHORBIACEZ. 29. Croton liebmanni, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 665. SoutH Mexico, near Santiago, Amatlan, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 30. Croton lindheimerianus, Scheele in Linnza, xxv. p. 580; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 194; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 579. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua and Buena Vista, Nuevo Leon (Gregg), Soledad, twenty-five miles south-west of Monclova (Palmer, 1245). Hb. Kew. 31. Croton lobatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1005; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 86. | f. seemanni, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 669. Astrea seemanni, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 103. Croton leiocarpus, Bartl. Ind. Sem. Hort. Acad. Geett. 1855, et in Linnea, xxviil. p. 358. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe), Bejucal (Liebmann); Nicaracva, near Granada (@rsted) ; Panama, banks of the Chagres river, near Gorgona (Seemann, 621), about Panama (S. Hayes, 712). Hb. Kew. | Miller defines seven other varieties, which are widely spread in South America and the West Indies ; and one of them recurs in Tropical Africa. 32. Croton macrodontus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 128, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 656. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo and Malcapam, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 33. Croton maritimus, Walt. Fl. Carolin. p. 239; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 689 ; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 69; Linnea, v. p. 86. Gynamblosis maritima, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 372. Hendecandra maritima, KI. in Erichs. Archiv, 1841, i. p. 252. CaRoLina to TExas.—Mexico, dunes of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 3756), Mazatlan (Coulter, 1511), Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland) ; Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 7 and 348) ; PanaMa, Portobello (Billberg t).—VenezvuEta; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 34. Croton meissneri, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 665. South Mexico, near Orizaba (Miiller). 35. Croton mexicanus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 113, et in DC. Prodr. v. 2, p. 603. «. glandulosus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 604. Mexico (hb. Pavon). B. glabrescens, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Mexico (hb. Pavon). - y. Subintegrifolius, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. (forma simillima C. fragilt, sed folia glan- duligera &c.). | Mexico (hb. Pavon). EUPHORBIACEA. WB 36. Croton miradorensis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 627. Souta Mexico, near Mirador (Linden, 1350), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 3777). Hb. Kew. 37. Croton morifolius, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 535; Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 125. a. lanatus, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 641. Mexico (Miller). 6. obtusifolius, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Sout Mexico, near Oaxaca (Andrieux, 109). Hb. Kew. y. Spherocarpus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 84, t. 105 (species). SourH Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at about 3100 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Mexico (Khrenberg). 3. genuinus, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 642. Cumana? 38. Croton neomexicanus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 141, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 690. Texas; New Mexico. —Norra Mexico, Monterey (Palmer, 1240), Chihuahua (Potts). Hb. Kew. 39. Croton niveus, Jacq. Stirp. Am. p. 255, t. 162. fig. 2; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 518. Croton syringefolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. u1. p. 67. Soura Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla, near Mirador and Rio de los Vueltos, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 711), Acapulco (Beechey); Guatemata, Volcan de Fuego at 3800 feet (Salvin), without locality (Fried- richsthal); Nicaragua, Segovia (@rsted); Costa Rica (Warscewicz).—VENEZUELA ; CotomBiA; CuBa. Hb. Kew. 40. Croton crstedianus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 105, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. O77. Nicaracua, Segovia (Ersted). 41. Croton panamensis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 546. Cyclostigma panamense et C. denticulatum, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 105. Sour Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann), San Juan, near Orizaba, and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2722 bis and 1684); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Seemann), Paraiso (S. Hayes, 442). Hb. Kew. 42. Croton populifolius, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 205; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 41. a. genuinus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 653.6 Croton hircinus, Vent. Jard. Malm. p. et t. 50. . e y 2 116 EUPHORBIACEA. Croton tiliefolius, Pers. Ench. ii. p. 585, non Lam. Croton hispidus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 72. Barhamia hispida et B. panamensis, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 104. Panama, Nata (Seemann).—VENEZUELA ; CotomBia; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 6. essequiboensis, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 654. GUIANA. 43. Croton pottsii, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 561. Lasiogyne pottsii, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 278. Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts). 44, Croton pulcher, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 644. SoutH Mexico, near Tehuacan (Liebmann). 45. Croton pungens, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. p. 19, t. 622, et Collect. iv. p. 217. a. genuinus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 89, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 541. Soutn Mexico, near Mirador (Liebmann); Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—VENEZUELA to Peru and Braziz. Hb. Kew. B. rhomboidalis, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. VENEZUELA. 46. Croton reflexifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 68; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 518; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 359. Sourh Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann; Schiede), near Mexico (Ehrenberg), near Tan — toyuca (Hrvendberg), Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 47. Croton repens, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 237; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 594. Soutu Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schéede), Mirador (Liebmann ; Linden, 793), Jalapa, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 3755), near Oaxaca (franco). Hb. Kew. 48. Croton rivinizfolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 80; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 628. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg).—CoLoMBIA ; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 49. Croton schiedeanus, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 243; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 517. South Mexico, between Nantla and Misantla (Schiede). 50. Croton soliman, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 361; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 660. | . NortH Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1508); SourH Mexico, Papantla, “ where it is called ‘Soliman’” (Schiede & Deppe), Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 735), Teapa (Linden, 884). Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACEA. 117 51. Croton sonore, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 194; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 695. Norts Mexico, Sonora (Schott). 52. Croton stipulaceus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 85; DC. Prody. xv. 2, p- 534; Linnea, v. p. 85. South Mexico, near San Andres (Schiede & Deppe), near Chinantla (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca, near the Pacific, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 3751), near Venta de Chalco &c., at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 58. Croton stylosus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 128; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 655. | Mexico (hb. Pavon). 54. Croton subcompressus, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 557. Mexico or South America (hb. Pavon). 55. Croton suberosus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 86; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 539. Soutn Mexico, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). 56. Croton subfragilis, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 111, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 598. South Mexico, near Tuxtla and Chiapa (hb. Pavon). 57. Croton texensis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodyr. xv. 2, p. 692. Hendecandra texensis, Kl. in Erichs. Archiv, 1841, i. p. 252. Croton muricatus, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. s. v. p. 178, non aliorum; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 195. | Hendecandra multiflora, Torr. in Frem. First Rep. p. 96. Cotorapo ; Texas; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (Wright, 1799; Berlandier, 1548). Hb. Kew. 58. Croton virletianus, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 133, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 659. | Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 59. Croton xalapensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 85; DC. Prodr. xv. 2; p. 596. Cyclostigma xalapense, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 105 (rectius Palamostigma ?). Palanostigma xalapense, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 359. South Mexico, near Jalapa at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 3769; Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1497), Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Sallé). Hb. Kew. 118 EUPHORBIACEZ. 11. JULOCROTON. Julocroton, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. p. 119; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 296. Shrubs or undershrubs, inhabiting Tropical and Subtropical America from Mexico to Brazil. About twenty species are described. | 1. Julocroton argenteus, Fr. Didrichs. Plant. nonnull. Mus. Univ. Hafn. 1857, p- 42; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 703. Croton argenteus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1004; Geisel. Crot. Monogr. p. 67; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 70. Heterochlamys quinquenervia, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Mosc. 1843, p. 62. Julocroton quinguinervius, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 376. NortH Mexico, near Matamoros (Berlandier, 2280, ; Guatemala (Lriedrichs- thal); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair), neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 9).—CoLoMBIA. Hb. Kew. 2, Julocroton conspurcatus, K1. in Erichs. Archiv, 1841, i. p. 193. Croton conspurcatus, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 380. Julocroton triqueter y. conspurcatus, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 705. South Mexico, Jalapa at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 3768), Tioselo (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 8. Julocroton decalobus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 296. Croton decalobus, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 80, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 523. GuaTEeMaLa (friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 4. Julocroton montevidensis «. guatemalensis, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 703. Guatemata (friedrichsthal). The forms a, B, y, and 6, referred to this species by Miiller, are from Brazil and Uruguay. 12. PAUSANDRA. Pausandra, Radlk. in Flora, 1870, p. 92; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 298. An arboreous monotype. | 1. Pausandra morisiana, Radlk. in Flora, 1870, p. 92, t. 2; Mill. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xi. 2, p. 503, t. 99. Thouinia morisiana, Casar. Novar. Stirp. Bras. Dec. x. 1845. Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 484 or 486).—Cotomsia to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 13. ARGITHAMNIA. Argithamnia, Sw. Prodr. p. 39, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 335, t. 8; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 808. Argyrothamnia, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 782. An exclusively American genus of about thirty-seven shrubby and _ half-shrubby species, ranging from the southern United States to Chili and Buenos Ayres. EUPHORBIACEZ. 119 1. Argithamnia fendleri, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 145, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 737. Frioripa.—Soura Mexico, San Augustin (Liebmann). —VENEZUELA to Perv. 2. Argithamnia guatemalensis, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 145, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 736. South Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 7167); Guaremata (Friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 3. Argithamnia heterantha, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 735. Ditaxis heterantha, Zuce. Pl. Nov. fase. 1, n. 2. Souto Mexico, near Toliman (Harwinsht). 4, Argithamnia lanceolata, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 148, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 741. Serophyton lanceolatum, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 52. Aphora lanceolata, Engelm. et A. Gr. Pl. Lindh. i. p. 25. Lower Catirornia.—Sourn Mexico, sand dunes of the Pacific, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 3742). Hb. Kew. 5. Argithamnia neomexicana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 147, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 739. Aphora humilis, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 196, non Engelm. et A. Gr. Texas; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila, and Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1250, 1246). Hb. Kew. 6. Argithamnia schiedeana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 150, et in DC, Prodr. xv. 2, p. 745. a. Major, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Tragia sp., Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 86, n. 67. _ Chlorocaulon, K\. in Endl. Gen. Plant., Suppl. iv. 3. p. 89. 4 SoutH Mexico, Serro Colorado (Schiede & Deppe). B. minor, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Sovrn Mzxico, between Tampico and Real del Monte (Berlandier, 511), near Orizaba (Miller, 1360). 14. CAPERONIA. Caperonia, St. Hil. Pl. Remargq. Bras. p. 244; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 304. Nineteen species are described ; some of them very much alike. They are herbs or half-shrubs, and inhabit Tropical America and Africa. 1. Caperonia castanesefolia, St. Hil. Pl. Remarq. Brésil, p. 245; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 754. Croton castaneefolius, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1424. 120 EUPHORBIACE. Croton palustris, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 71. Ditazis castaneefolia, Baill. Adansonia, iv. p. 274. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Miller); Panama, San Juan (Grsted), ditches about Panama (S. Hayes, 703; Seemann).—CotomBia to Guiana and Brazit, and in CuBA. Hb. Kew. . 2. Caperonia palustris, St. Hil. Pl. Remarg. p. 245 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 754. Croton castaneefolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 70, non Linn. Lepidococca sieberi, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1848, p. 589. Androphoranthus glandulosus, Karst. Fl. Columb. 11. p. 15, t. 108. South Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Miller). VENEZUELA ; GUIANA; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 8. Caperonia paludosa, Kl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. p. 51; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 758. Caperonia panamensis, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 108. Sourn Mexico, Jicaltepec (Liebmann); Panama, near Panama (Seemann, 119; S. Hayes, 714). Hb. Kew. 15. PSEUDOCROTON. Pseudocroton, Mill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 24; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 304. A shruby or arboreous monotype. 1. Pseudocroton tinctorius, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 24. Nicaragua, Acota (Tate, 347), Managua (friedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 16. MANIHOT. Manihot, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 356; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 306. Tall herbs or shrubs, more rarely trees. Eighty species have been described ; and they are all restricted to America, chiefly to Brazil. D 1. Manihot zsculifolia, Pohl, Pl. Bras. i. p. 55; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1465. Janipha esculifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 107, t. 109. Jatropha esculifolia, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. SoutH Mexico, Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland). 2. Manihot angustiloba, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1078. Janipha manihot, var. angustiloba, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 199. New Mexico; Arizona.—Norta Mexico, Tubac and Santa Cruz, Sonora (Schott), Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Gregg); Sours Mexico, Michoacan at 4500 feet (Galeotti, 3734), Oaxaca ((hiesbreght), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 582). Hb. Kew. | 3, Mahihot carthagenensis, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1073. Jatropha carthagenensis, Jacq. Stirp. Am. Hist. p. 256, t. 162. fig. 1. EUPHORBIACEA., 121 Jatropha janipha, Linn. Mant. p. 126. . Manihot janipha, Pohl, Pl. Bras. i. p. 55; Adansonia, iv. p. 283. Janipha leflingit et J. yuquilla, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 107; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 199. Texas.—Mexico (Sessé); PanaMa, Paraiso (8. Hayes, 717).—VENEZUELA ; COLOMBIA. Hb. Kew. 4, Manihot feetida, Pohl, Pl. Bras. i. p. 55; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1067. Janipha fotida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 106. Jatropha fetida, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ‘Sourn Mexico, near Mescala, Cafiada de Sopilote &e. at 1560 to 2580 feet (Hum- boldt & Bonpland). 5. Manihot microcarpa, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 42. Mexico (Karwinski). 6. Manihot rhomboidea, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 205, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1064. Mexico (Sessé). » 7. Manihot utilissima, Pohl, Pl. Bras. i. p. 32, t.24; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1064. Widely dispersed in Tropical America, both wild and cultivated; also cultivated in many other hot countries. 17. BERNARDIA. Bernardia, P. Br. Nat. Hist. Jam. p. 361, absque char. gen.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 308. About twenty-four shrubby and herbaceous species, inhabiting Tropical and Sub- tropical America. 1. Bernardia interrupta, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 171, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 916. Acalypha interrupta, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 386. Adelia dodecandra, Sessé, ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. Alevia leptostachya, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 509. South Mexico, Mirador, Jicaltepec, and Papantla (Iiebmann), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 2. Bernardia mexicana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 171, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 916. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Hermesia? mexicana, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 309. Bernardia intermedia, Griseb. Pl. Cub. Wright. p. 160. South Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1513), without locality (Beechey); Nicaraaua, Segovia (Grsted).— VENEZUELA ; CuBa; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIIL., January 1883. r 122 EUPHORBIACEZ. 3. Bernardia myricefolia, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 308. Tyria myricefolia, Scheele in Linnea, xxv. p. 581; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 201. Ricinella myricefolia, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 154, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 729. Texas to Catirornta.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Bigelow 5 Schott), Monclova &c., Coahuila (Palmer, 1232). Hb. Kew. 18. ACALYPHA. Acalypha, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1082; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 311. Herbs, shrubs, or trees; generally dispersed in tropical countries; a few occurring in extratropical regions, and these chiefly in America. 1. Acalypha adenostachya, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 21, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 829. Mexico (Uhde). 2. Acalypha anemioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 94; D. Dietr. Synop. PL. v. p. 377 (lapsu A. agrimoniordes). a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 886. Sours Mexico, near Guanajuato at about 6500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 6. eglandulosa, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Acalypha monostachya, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 15, non Cav. SoutH Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 88). Hb. Kew. 3. Acalypha alopecuroides, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. p. 19, t. 620; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 882. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 51), Jalapa (Galeotti, 330; Coulter, 1484); Brivis Honpuras (Temple) ; Guaremaua, Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 72); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 321), Empire station (8. Hayes, 510), without locality (Seemann, 297). — VENEZUELA; CuBa. Hb. Kew. 4. Acalypha arvensis, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 21. «. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 881. South Mexico, Potrero de San Sebastian, Pital and Colipa (Liebmann) ; Honpuras (Hjalmarsson).—PERU. B. pavoniana, Miill. Arg. loc. cit., et in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 50 (species), Mexico (hb. Pavon). 5. Acalypha botteriana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. pp. 46, 162, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 875. a. pubescens, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Liebmann). EUPHORBIACEZ. _ 123 B. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miller, 773; Bottert ; Sallé). 6. Acalypha brachyclada, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 862. Mexico or Peru (hb. Pavon). | | 7. Acalypha brevicaulis, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 13, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 814. SoutH Mxxico, Cerro Ventoso, near Real del Monte (ex Miller). 8. Acalypha chamedrifolia, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 879. Croton chamedrifolius, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 214. Acalypha reptans, Sw. Prodr. p. 99, et Fl. Ind. Oce. ii. p. 1170. Acalypha microphylla, K1. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 278. Acalypha reptans a. genuina, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 48. Fioripa.—Mexico, Mazatlan (Seemann).— West INDIEs. The forms a, y, 6, ¢, @, and 7, described by Miller, are restricted to the West Indies and chiefly to Cuba. 9. Acalypha cincta, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 20, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 832. | Mexico (hb. Pavon). 10. Acalypha conspicua, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 832. South Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 43). 11. Acalypha cuspidata, Jacq. Hort. Scheenb. ii. p. 63, t. 243. y. genuina, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 37, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 809. Sovms Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 559)? Hb. Kew. This species is widely spread from Venezuela to Peru and Brazil, as well as in the West Indies. . 12. Acalypha depauperata, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 160, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 813. . Soutn Mexico, Yavezia, Oaxaca at 7800 feet (Liebmann). 13. Acalypha diversifolia, Jacq. Hort. Schenb. ii. p. 63, t. 244. . a. popayanensis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 853; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vu. p. 173 (species). — Acalypha leptostachya a. popayanensis, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 34. CoLoMBIA. B. leptostachya, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 854; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 96 (species). Acalypha billbergiana, K1., et A. panamensis, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, ? p. 101. Acalypha leptostachya 8. genuina, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 34. Guatemala, Rio de Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 385) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 177, r2 124 EUPHORBIACEZ. 350); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 281), around Cruces (Seemann, 543), Mamei station (S. Hayes, 713).—Southward to Perv. Hb. Kew. y. carpinifolia, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Poepp., ex Baill. Etud, Gén. Euphorb. p. 442. Mexico (Linden, 5).—VENEZUELA to Perv. d. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Jacq. Hort. Schcenb. ii. p. 63, t. 244; Willd. Sp. PL iv. p. 520. VENEZUELA ; COLOMBIA. 14. Acalypha firmula, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 21, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 829. SaLvaDor (Hjalmarsson). | 15. Acalypha fournieri, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 162, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 838. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust). 16. Acalypha frederici, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 828. SoutH MExico, near Orizaba (F. Miller, 767). 17. Acalypha glandulosa, Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 49, t. 570; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 814. Mexico, near Salvatierra (ex Cavanilles). 18. Acalypha hederacea, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 200. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 885. | Texas; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Nuevo Leon and Chihuahua (Haton ¢& Edwards ; Gregg), Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1252). Hb. Kew. | 6. oligodonta, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 886, et in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 53. New Mexico. y. orbicularis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 886. South Mexico, San Lorenzo, near Tehuacan (Liebmann). 19. Acalypha karwinskii, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 41. Mexico (Karwinski). 20. Acalypha lagascana, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 27. Mexico (Lagasca). 21. Acalypha langiana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 159, et in DC. Prodr. 2, p. 811. SoutH Mexico, valley of Oaxaca, near Quilapa (Liebmann). 22. Acalypha laxiflora, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 18, et in DC. Prodr xv. 2, p. 830. Sout Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Liebmann).—Cusa. EUPHORBIACEZ. : 125 23. Acalypha leptoclada, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 164; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 814. SoutH Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 24. Acalypha leptopoda, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 39. o. mollis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 824. SoutH Mexico, Mirador and Barranca de Consoquitla (Liebmann). B. glabrescens, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. | SovrH Mexico, Mirador and other localities (Liebmann ; Miller, 2206) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann, 175). 25. Acalypha liebmanniana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 161, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 829 (ubi lzebmanni). Sours Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). 26. Acalypha lindeniana, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 827. _ Sovurn Mexico, Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Linden, 50), near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 316). Hb. Kew. 27. Acalypha lindheimeri, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 47, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 875. Acalypha phieoides, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 199, non Cav. Texas.—NortiH Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Sonora (ex Torrey). Hb. Kew. 28. Acalypha longespicata, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 163, et in DO. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 884. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust). 29. Acalypha longestipularis, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 51, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 883. Sourn Mexico, near Oaxaca (ex Miiller). 30. Acalypha macrostachya, Jacq. Hort. Scheenb. ii. p. 63, t.245; Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 810 (varietates plures). 6. sidgefolia, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 11, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 810; ’ H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 95 (species). Acalypha seemanni, KI. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 102. South Mexico, near Jalapa, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 309), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1465, 2124, 2243); Guaremata (Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica (Endres) ; PanaMa, near Cruces (Seemann, 496).—VENEZUELA to Perv. Hb. Kew. _ The other varieties are from the southern part of the same region. 31. Acalypha macrostachyoides, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 809. Mexico (ex Miller). 126 EUPHORBIACEZ. 32. Acalypha melochizfolia, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 821. South Mexico, Hacienda Perado, near Orizaba (Miller, 1758). 33. Acalypha mexicana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p..41, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 868. Mexico (Ehrenberg ; Uhde). 34. Acalypha microcephala, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 160, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 823. | SoutH Mexico, eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca (Léebmann) 35. Acalypha mollis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 94; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 828. Acalypha microstachya, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 71. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 824) ; Sout Mexico, near Rancho del Ojo de Agua (Hartweg, 512), Venta de Chalco at 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Ub. Kew. 36. Acalypha monostachya, Cav. Anal. Hist. Nat. ii. p. 138, et Ic. Pl. vi. p. 47, t. 568. fig. 3; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 886: Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer) ; South Mexico, sandhills near the Pacific (Galeotti, 322), Mazatlan (Seemann, 1521), without locality (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. 37. Acalypha obscura, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 163, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 876. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 38. Acalypha ocymoides, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 93; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 838. Souta Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at about 3700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 39. Acalypha oligantha, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 159, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 811. South Mexico, Santa Maria Tlapacoya and at Paso del Correo on the banks of the Tecolata, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 40. Acalypha oligodonta, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 831. Sout Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 518), Orizaba (Botteri, 320). Hb. Kew. [A. padifolia, H. B. K., is erroneously recorded from Mexico by Miiller in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 826. | 41. Acalypha parvifolia, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 161, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 831. SoutH Mexico, near San Augustin by the Pacific (Liebmann). EUPHORBIACEZ. 127 42. Acalypha, persimilis, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 25, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 842. | SoutH Mexico, Guanabatano (/iebmann).—CvBa. 43. Acalypha: phleoides, Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 48, t. 569, fig. 2. «. hirta, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 46, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 876 ; Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 48, t. 569. fig. 3 (species). Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 826 ; Virlet @ Aoust) ; Sourn Mexico, near Orizaba (Miller). Hb. Kew. B. genuina, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Acalypha rubra, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. p. 992. Acalypha prunifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 92, non Nees et Mart. Acalypha pastoris, Schrank in Denkschr. K6nig. Bayer. Gesellsch. ii. p. 39. Sour Mexico, Leon (Hartweg), Chapoltepec at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland), Cerro de Filipe, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Zimapan and Zacatecas (Coulter, 1477, . 1482), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 471). Hb. Kew. _ 44, Acalypha pilosa, Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 46, t. 568. fig. 2; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 814. Mexico (Beechey) ; Panama (ex Cavanilles). Hb. Kew. 45. Acalypha polystachya, Jacq. Hort. Schcenb. ii. p. 64, t. 246 ; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 841. Mexico (hb. Pavon); Guatemata, Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 381).— Peru. Hb. Kew. | 46. Acalypha purpurascens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 97. Ce. genuina, Mill. Arg. in. Linnea, xxxiv. p. 52, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 884. Soutu Mexico, Santa Rosa at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). B. eglandulosa, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 885. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust); Souta Mextco, Bafios (Ehrenberg), Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 634). Hb. Kew. | 47. Acalypha radians, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 200. a. geraniifolia, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 52, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 885. TEXAS. | 7 B. genuina, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Texas; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, northern States (ex Torrey). Hb. Kew. 48. Acalypha rhombifolia, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 382; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 880.. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede), near Huatusco (Liebmann). 128 EUPHORBIACEZ. 49. Acalypha schiedeana, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 384. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 20, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 831. Sour Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede), near Mirador and in Isleta (Liebmann).— VENEZUELA. B. macrodonta, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 832. Nicaraeva, near Granada (@rsted). y. deppeana, Miill. loc. cit.; Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 385 (species). Sout Mexico, Plan del Rio (Schiede & Deppe). 50. Acalypha schlechtendaliana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. pp. 6 et 159. a, mollis, Mill. Arg. loc. cit., et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 800. South Mexico, near Mirador and Papantla (Liebmann). B. genuina, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. Acalypha filiformis, Schl. olim, ex ipso in Linnea, xix. p. 235. Linostachys padifolia, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 235, non Acalypha padifolia, H. B. K. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa (Galeotti, 7093), Mirador (Linden, 5), near Misantla (Schiede), Mirador and Papantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 51. Acalypha schlumbergeri, Miill. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 861. South Mexico (Miller). 52. Acalypha septemloba, Mill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 27. Costa Rica, Cartago (Friedrichsthal). 53. Acalypha setosa, A. Rich. in Ram. de la Sagr. Hist. Cub. p. 204; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 842, Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), without locality (hb. Pavon).—Cusa. 54. Acalypha subtomentosa, Lagasc. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 21; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 888. . Mexico (Sessé). 55. Acalypha trachyloba, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 25. SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca (Andricuz). 56. Acalypha tricholoba, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 16, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 822. Mexico (hb. Pavon). 57. Acalypha triloba, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 23, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 838. Mexico (hb. Pavon). EUPHORBIACE. 129 58. Acalypha unibracteata, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 160, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 824, Sout Mexico, between Mirador and Jalapa (Liebmann). 59. Acalypha vagans, Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 47, t. 569. fig. 1; Linnea, vii. p. 383. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p- 161, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 829. South Mexico, near Orizaba (Miller), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), near Mirador and Consoquitla (Liebmann), Acapulco (ex Cavanilles). 6. glandulosa, Mill. Arg. loc. cit. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sour Mxxtco, Guatulco (Liebmann). 60. Acalypha villosa, Jacq. Sel. Am. Stirp. p. 254, t. 183. fig. 61. a. tomentosa, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 8, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 801. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).— VENEZUELA ; PERU. B. intermedia, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 802. VENEZUELA. y. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. iii. p. 27, t. 47. Gymnalypha jacquini, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 2. Acalypha linostachys; Baill. Adansonia, v. p. 235. Panama, Isle of Taboga (8. Hayes, 657).—VuEnezveLa to Perv and Braziu; also in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 61. Acalypha virginica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 3, p. 1423 ; Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 869 (varietates plures). Canapa southward to Texas and New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, (137); SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 472, 473). Hb. Kew. 19. ADELIA. Adelia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1187, pro parte ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 312. Ricinella, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 153. About six shrubby species inhabiting America from Mexico to Colombia and the West Indies, with one in Brazil. 1. Adelia barbinervis, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 362. Ricinella barbinervis, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 154, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 730. NortH Mexico, Santa Barbara to Horcasitas (Berlandier, 2166); Soura Mexico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 2. Adelia oaxacana, Hemsley. Ricinella oaxacana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 154, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 731. SoutH Mexico, Rio de las Vueltas, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. s 130 EUPHORBIACEA. 3. Adelia triloba, Hemsley. Ricinella triloba, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 158, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 731. Panama, Mamei station (S. Hayes, 498). Hb. Kew. 20. ALCHORNEA. Alchornea, Sw. Prodr. p- 98, et Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 1158, t. 24; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 314. This genus comprises about thirty shrubby and arboreous species, widely diffused in hot countries. 1. Alchornea grandiflora, Mill. Arg. in Linnza, xxxiv. p. 170, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 907. Costa Rica (Hoffmann, 530).— VENEZUELA. 2. Alchornea latifolia, Sw. Prodr. p. 98, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1154, t. 24; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 908; Hayne, Arznei-Gewich. x. t. 42. Sour Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 922).—CuBa; Jamaica ; S. Domineo. Hb. Kew. 3. Alchornea platyphylla, Mii. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 171, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 912. Costa Rica, Pacaca (sted). 4. Alchornea similis, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1864, p. 434, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 908. Sourn Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 561). Hb. Kew. 21. CLEIDION. Cleidion, Bl. Bijdr. p. 612; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 320. Thirteen arboreous species are referred to this genus, which is represented in Tropical Asia, Africa, and America, and in the Pacific Islands. 1. Cleidion? nicaraguense, Hemsley, n. sp. Glabrescens, foliis caudato-acuminatis grosse crenato-serratis, floribus g racemosis hirsutis, racemis ad pollicaribus paucifloris, staminibus ad 35. Frutex vel arbor, ramulis gracilibus, primum plus minusve hirtis, ferrugineis. Folia alterna, breviter petiolata, tenuia, preter costam parcissime puberulam glabra, oblongo-lanceolata, 4-7 poll. longa, 13-2 poll. lata, basi obtusissima vel obsolete bilobata, apice longe caudato-acuminata, obtusa, grosse crenato-serrata (dentibus utrinque sepius 8), venis primariis transversis subtus elevatis, utrinque sepius 8, in dentibus excurrentibus ; petiolus 3-4 lineas longus, puberulus ; stipule angustz, acute, 2-8 lineas longe. Flores (¢ tantum visi) hirsuti, 3-4 lineas diametro, fasciculato-racemosi, breviter pedicellati; racemi axillares, circiter 1 poll. longi, pauciflori ; calyx 3-partitus, segmentis eestivatione valvatis ; stamina circiter 35 ; filamenta libera, filiformia ; connectivum latiusculum, apice minute penicillatum. NicaRaeua, Chontales (Tate, 352, 455). Hb. Kew. EUPHORBIACEA. 131 22. RICINUS. © Ricinus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1085; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 321. A robust herbaceous monotype. 1. Ricinus communis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1007, excl. syn. pr. p. et var. 6; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1017 (varietates 16); Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. tt. 195 et 196; Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. tt. 10 et 11. | The castor-oil plant is now found wild in nearly all warm countries, including Mexico and Crenrrat America; but it is impossible to determine where it is really indigenous. Hb. Kew. 23. PLUKENETIA. Plukenetia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1080; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 327. Shrubs or half-shrubs. About twelve species, widely dispersed in tropical countries, though none have hitherto been found in Australia. 1. Plukenetia penninervia, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 158, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 770. Mexico (hb. Pavon).— VENEZUELA. 24, TRAGIA. Tragia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1048 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 329. Herbs or climbing shrubs. About fifty species, widely spread in the tropics, and extending into extratropical South Africa and North America. 1. Tragia bailloniana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 178, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 927. Zuckertia cordata, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 496, t. 4. figg. 10-18. Soutn Mexico, Teapa (Linden). 2. Tragia laciniata, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 182, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 933. Tragia urticefolia, var. laciniata, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 200. Nortu Mexico, Sofiora (Wright, 1795 ; Thurber). Hb. Kew. 3. Tragia mexicana, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 181, et in DC. Prodr. Xv. 2, p. 931. Sourn Mexico, near Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann). 4. Tragia nepetefolia, Cav. Ic. Pl. vi. p. 37, t. 557. fig. 1. w. dissecta, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 933. "Mexico (hb. Pavon). s 2 132 EUPHORBIACEZ. 8. latifolia, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 934. Tragia urticefolia, Mich.?, ex Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 14. New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@ Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Guanajuato (Hartweg, 82). Hb. Kew. y. amblyodonta, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. New Mexico. 6. teucriifolia, Mill. Arg. loc. cit.; Scheele in Linnea, xxv. p. 586 (species). TEXas. | «. Yamosa, Mill. Arg. loc. cit.; Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, ii. p. 245, pro parte (species). Texas.—MeExico, Tlatetla and Mirador (Liebmann). ¢. genuina, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Mexico (Nee). n. scutellariefolia and 6. angustifolia, Mill. Arg., are only recorded from Texas. 5. Tragia stylaris, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 180, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 930 (varietates). CoLorabo to New Mexico and Trxas.—Nortu Mexico, along the Rio Grande down to the Gulf (ex Torrey), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 827). Hb. Kew. 6. Tragia urticefolia, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 176; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 934. Vireinia, Kentucky, and ARKANSAS southward to Fioripa and Texas. — Mexico, without locality (Schiede), Tampico (Berlandier, 40, 180). 25. DALECHAMPIA. Dalechampia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1081; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 830. A genus of about sixty shrubby and half-shrubby species, widely dispersed in hot countries, though most numerous in America. 1. Dalechampia friedrichsthalii, Miill. Arg. in Flora, 1872, p. 45. GvuaTEeMALA, Rio San Juan (Friedrichsthal). 2. Dalechampia roezliana, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1233, « et B: Bot. Mag. t. 5640; Regel’s Gartenfl. t. 532. SoutH Mexico, province of Vera Cruz (Roezl). Hb. Kew. 3. Dalechampia scandens, Linn. Syst. ed. 13, p. 720, et Mantissa, p. 496. a. genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1244 ; ; Jacq. Stirp. Sel. Am. t. 160. Nicaracua, San Juan ( (Hrsted).—VENEZUELA to GUIANA and in the West Inprzs. EUPHORBIACE. 183 y. mollis, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xviii. 2, p. 1244; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. li. p. 101 (species). Nicaraaua (Crsted).— VENEZUELA. d. fimbriata, Miill. Arg. loc. cit.; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 100 (species . South Mexico, Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland), Potrero de Cazadero (Liebmann) ; Nicaracua, Granada (@rsted). Hb. Kew. Miiller distinguishes several other varieties collected in Brazit, Perv, Tropical AFrica, and INDIA. 4. Dalechampia spathulata, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 487, t. 3. figg. 16— 30; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1233. Cremophylium spathulatum, Scheidw. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 1, p. 23; Flora, 1848, p. 514; Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1848, p. 180; Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 141. SoutH Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1614). Hb. Kew. 5. Dalechampia tilizfolia, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 257; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1246. PanaMA, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 532).—Southward to Peru and Brazil, and in the WEst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 6. Dalechampia triphylla, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 258, «. mexicana, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1240. . South Mexico, Jalapa, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 3771), Mirador (Linden, 790). Hb. Kew. 26. MABEA. Mabea, Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 867, t. 384; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 331. A Tropical-American genus of about sixteen arboreous species. 1. Mabea montana, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1151. Panama, Frijoli station (S. Hayes, 495, 715).—Venuzveta; CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 2. Mabea piriri, Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 867, t. 334, « genuina, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1150. Mabea piriri, Aubl. Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 165, et Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 102. Mabea occidentalis «, Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. vi. p. 364. Sout Mexico, Hacienda de Azufré (Linden, 886); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 290).—VEnEzuUELA; GuIanaA; Brazin. Hb. Kew. Miiller defines several other varieties from the same countries and Peru. , 27. OMPHALEA. Omphalea, Linn. Gen. Pl. n. 1039; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 332. Trees or climbing shrubs. Ten species are known, whereof one is a native of Mada- gascar, and the rest of Tropical America. 134 EUPHORBIACEA. 1. Omphalea cardiophylla, Hemsley in Pharmac. Journ. & Trans. 1882, p- 301. Foliis amplis fere orbicularibus profunde cordatis glaberrimis, paniculis angustis elongatis, bracteis oblanceolatis ad 2 poll. longis. Arbor 30 ad 40-pedalis (fide Hayesii) ramulis..... Folia (2 tantum visa) longe petiolata, tenuia, papyracea (in vivis subcarnosa ?), glaberrima, suborbicularia, basi profunde cordata, apice acuminata, obtusa, (majus fere pedem diametro,) undulata, venis primariis lateralibus utrinque 5-6, conspicuis ; petiolus (perfectus deest) saltem 4 poll. longus, apice 2-glandulosus, crassus, carnosus, in siccis infra medium crassior. Flores (dé tantum visi) paniculati; panicule an- guste, graciles, terminales, (pendule?,) pedem vel ultra longe, obsolete puberulz ; bracteze oblanceolate, ad 2 poll. longs, venosx, graciliter petiolate, petiolo 3-4 lineas longo, apice 2-glanduloso; calycis sepala 4, decussata, orbicularia, ciliolata; anthere 2, interdum 3. SatvaDor, Acajutla (S. Hayes, 617). Hb. Kew. Notwithstanding the differences indicated, this may be no more than a form of our O. oleifera; yet we cannot venture to unite them. 2. Omphalea diandra, Liun., var. panamensis, Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 101; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1135. Panama, Isle of Coiba (Seemann, 635), Lion Hill station (S. Hayes, 660). Hb. Kew. Typical O. diandra is widely dispersed in South America and the West Indies. 3. Omphalea oleifera, Hemsley in Pharmac. Journ. & Trans. 1882, p. 301. Foliis amplis fere orbicularibus profunde cordatis stellato-puberulis, paniculis brevibus ramosis, bracteis paucis infra pollicaribus, ovario glabro. Arbor ?, ramulis ultimis inflorescentias gerentibus crasso-carnosis. Folia (unicum, circiter 5 poll. diametro, a nobis tantum visum) petiolata, tenuia, papyracea, sparse stellato-puberula, pilis deciduis, suborbicularia, profunde cordata (‘‘ ampla, lenta,” Doratius), venis primariis latera- libus utrinque 5-6, conspicuis ; petiolus in spec. nost. omnino deest. Flores monoici, paniculati ; paniculz terminales, late, ramos, puberule ; bracteze paucze, petiolate, angustz, oblong, vix 1 poll. longe, venose, puberule; calycis sepala in fl. g ut in fl. 2 4, decussata, orbicularia, ciliolata; anther 2; ovarium glabrum. “ Fructus magnitudine pyri, 3-spermus; semina nigra, oleum gratum purgativum copiose prebentia”’ (Doratius) . SaLvaDor, Sonsonate (Dorat). Hb. Kew. This is the Tambor of the natives; and, according to Dr. Dorat, it yields large quan- tities of a very fine oil, rather pleasant to the taste, and resembling castor-oil in its purgative properties, with the advantage that its action is painless. 28. HIPPOMANE. Hippomane, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1088; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 333. An arboreous monotype. 1. Hippomane mancinella, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1431; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1200; Jacq. Amer. t. 159; Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. t. 6. figg. 12-20. FLoripa.—Sovutu Mexico, San Augustin on the Pacific and Vera Cruz (Ziebmann) ; EUPHORBIACEZ, 135 GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica (Hoffmann); Panama: (Seemann).—Western coast of Tropical Sovrn AMERICA and the West Inprzs. Hb. Kew. 29. STILLINGIA. Stillingia, Linn. Mant. n. 1279; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 334. Fourteen shrubby species are enumerated. They inhabit America and the Mascarene and Pacific Islands. 1. Stillingia acutifolia, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. p. 334. Gymnostillingia acutifolia, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 90, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1163. Sapium acutifolium, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 90. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1503); Guatemaua, Hacienda de Argueta (Hartweg, 614), Volcan de Fuego, at 8300 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Stillingia appendiculata, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 87, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1159. Mexico (hb. Pavon). 3. Stillingia macrantha, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 344. Gymnosiillingia macrantha, Mull. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 90, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1163; Baill. Adansonia, xi. p. 126. Mexico (hb. Pavon ; Ghiesbreght 2). 4, Stillingia sanguinolenta, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 88, et in DO. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1159. a. lanceolata, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. Mexico (Lhrenberg ; hb. Pavon). B. angustifolia, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 1160. Soutn Mexico, Caracol de Atolon (Schiede?). 5. Stillingia sylvatica, Linn. Mant. p. 126; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1158 (varietates); A. Gr. Man. Bot. N. U.S. ed. 5, p. 436. VIRGINIA southward to FLormpa and Txxas.—Norta Mexico, Guajuco (Palmer, 1255); Sourn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1501, 1502), plain of Octopan (Graham, 311). Hb. Kew. 6. Stillingia zelayensis, Miill. Arg. } in Linnea, xxxil. p. 87, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1159. | Sapium zelayense, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 65. Norru Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 823) ; Sovrn Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1490), near Zelaya (Humboldt & Bonpland) ; PANAMA, Boquete (Seemann, 1254). Hb. Kew. 136 EUPHORBIACEA. 30. SAPIUM. Sapium, P. Br. Hist. Jam. p. 338; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 334. A genus of about twenty-five shrubby and arboreous species, widely diffused in the hotter regions. 1. Sapium biglandulosum, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 116. Excecaria biglandulosa, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1204. Stillingia biglandulosa, Baill. Adansonia, v. p. 320. Hippomane biglandulosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1481. B. pavonianum, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 116. Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Miller), without locality (hb. Pavon). e. klotzschianum, Miill. Arg. loc. cit. p. 117. Excecaria biglandulosa ¢. klotzschiana, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1205. Mexico (hb. Pavon); GuatEemaLa (Friedrichsthal)—Braziu. Hb. Kew. A. moritzianum, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 119; Kl. in Seem. Bot. Voy. * Herald,’ p. 100 (species). Excecaria biglandulosa &. moritziana, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1207. PaNnaMa, southern parts of the province (ex Seemann), Frijoli station (S. Hayes, 709).— CotomBia. Hb. Kew. Miiller defines fourteen other varieties, which are spread over South America from VENEZUELA and CoLomBIA to Peru, Guiana, and BrRaziL. | 31. SEBASTIANA. Sebastiana, Spreng. Neue Entdeck. i. p. 118, t. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 336. Shrubs, usually slender, with a few herbaceous species. There are about forty species, one of which inhabits the tropics of the Old World, one the Southern States of North America, whilst the rest are natives of Tropical America and chiefly of Brazil, one of these recurring in western Tropical Africa. 1. Sebastiana treculiana, Miill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1165. Gymnanthes treculiana, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 216. Sapium ? annuum B. bidentatum, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 201? Trexas.— Norra Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Laton & Edwards, 65). Hb. Kew. This should perhaps be referred to the next genus. 32. GYMNANTHES. Gymnanthes, Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 95; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 337. About ten shrubby species, inhabiting the West Indies and Tropical America. 1. Gymnanthes actinostemoides, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 103. Sebastiania actinostemoides, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prody. xv. 2, p. 1184. EUPHORBIACE. 137 Soutn Mexico, Zacuapan at 1800 feet (Linden, 1357), Mirador (Lnebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2500 feet (Galeotti, 3740). Hb. Kew. 2. Gymnanthes longipes, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 216. Sebastiania longipes, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1184. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 3. Gymnanthes riparia, K1. in Erichs. Archiv, 1841, vii. p. 182. Gymnanthes schlechtendaliana, Mull. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. p. 100. Excecaria riparia, Schl. in Linnea, vil. p. 386. Sebastiania schlechtendaliana, Mill. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1181. Soutn Mexico, on the banks of rivers near Jalapa &c. (Schiede). 33. DALEMBERTIA. Dalembertia, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 545, t. 5, et Adansonia, xi. p. 124; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 339. Undershrubs, restricted to Mexico. 1. Dalembertia hahniana, Baill. Adansonia, xi. p. 125. Sout Mexico, Xochialco (Hahn). 2. Dalembertia platanoides, Baill. Adansonia, xi. p. 124. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 3754). Hb. Kew. 8. Dalembertia populifolia, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 546, t. 5. figg. 11-18; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1225. Soutn Mexico, Tehuantepec (Andrieux, 107), without locality (hb. Pavon). 4. Dalembertia triangularis, Mill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 218, et in DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1226. Mexico (hb. Pavon). 34. HURA. Hura, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1087; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 339. Two arboreous species. 1. Hura crepitans, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1481; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p. 1229 (varietates) ; Descour. Fl. Antill. t. 124; Mart. Fl. Bras. xi. 2, t. 86; Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. t. 6. Guatemata (Skinner).—Widely dispersed in Tropical America and the Wust InpiEs, and cultivated in many other countries. Hb. Kew. 2. Hura polyandra, Baill. Etud. Gén. Euphorb. p. 543; DC. Prodr. xv. 2, p- 1229. Sourn Mexico, between Tehuantepec and Boca del Monte (Andrieux, 99); Guate- MALA (ex Bazilon). [The BaLaNnorse# are a small order of one genus and six or seven species, endemic in New Caledonia. | . BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, January 1883. | t 138 URTICACEZ. Order CXXVII. URTICACE. Urticacee, Benth: et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 341. This order comprises upwards of 1500 species referred to 108 genera, and it is represented in all tropical and temperate regions. Tribe I. ULMEZ. Ulmee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 3438. Four genera, three of which are monotypic; and one of these is endemic in Brazil: the rest are confined to the northern hemisphere. 1. ULMUS. Ulmus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 316; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 351. About sixteen arboreous species, widely dispersed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere—one occurring in the subtropical region of Sikkim, and the following on the mountains within the tropics. 1. Ulmus mexicana, Planch. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 156. Chetoptelea mexicana, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, pp. 74-78, et in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 8386 (reprint, p. 52). South Mexico, Mirador at 3000 feet (Liebmann), Orizaba (Botteri, 878, M68 Sumichrast, 871). Hb. Kew. Tribe II. CELTIDEA. Celtidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 343. Nine genera, comprising nearly 120 species, spread over nearly the whole area of the order. 2. CELTIS. Celtis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1143; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 354. Shrubs and trees, inhabiting the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres, but chiefly the northern. Seventy species are enumerated, though Bentham and Hooker estimate there are scarcely fifty distinct ones. 1. Celtis aculeata, Sw. Prodr. p. 53, et Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 545 ; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. [86, Rhamnus iguaneus, Linn. ; Cav. Ic. Pl. iii. p. 48, t. 94. Zizyphus iguanea, Lam. Dict. iii. p. 318. Mertensia iguanea et M. commutata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vi. p. 312. Celtis epiphylladena, Ort. Dec. p. 79. Momisia ehrenbergiana, Kl. in Linnea, xx. p. 538. Celtis ehrenbergiana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 339. URTICACEA, . 139 Sourn Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann), without locality (Ehrenberg ; Ortega); Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 640).— VENEZUELA and CoLomBiA to Perv, and in the Wusr Inpizs. Hb. Kew. B. levigata, Planch. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 187. Mertensia levigata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 31, t. 103. Celtis orthacanthus, Planch. im Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, x. p. 308. SourH Mexico, Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Prrv ; Braziu. 2. Celtis alba, Rafin. Fl. Ludov. p. 25; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 177. Lovistana; TExas.—New Spain (hb. Pavon) ? 3. Celtis (Momisia) anfractuosa, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, i. p. 338. South Mexico, Xalcomulco, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 4. Celtis berlandieri, K1. in Linnea, xx. p. 541; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 178. Celtis texana, Scheele in Linnea, xxii. p. 146. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Monterey (Palmer, 1261), Matamoros (Berlandier). Hb. Kew. | 5. Celtis caudata, Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, x. p. 294, et in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 178. Celtis ittoralis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 337. Soutn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1492), San Augustin, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Aculejo (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 6. Celtis monoica, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXVILI.) Inermis, foliis penninerviis lanceolatis mucronatis supra nitidis, floribus omnibus in ramulis foliiferis, floribus fertilibus solitariis brevissime pedicellatis femineis, staminodiis nullis, ovario hirsuto. Arbor vel frutex inermis (sempervirens ?), ramis gracilibus, minute denseque lenticellatis, ramulis ultimis appresse pilosulis. ola breviter petiolata, subcoriacea, lanceolata, 14-4 poll. longa, aculeolato-acuminata, basi rotundata, seepe remotissime serrulata, prominenter penninervia, supra glaberrima, nitida, subtus plus minusve appresse pilosula; petiolus szepissime 2-3 lineas longus. Flores masculini breviter fasciculato-racemosi, fasciculis axillaribus ; perianthii 5- partiti segmenta inzqualia, suborbicularia, extus pilosula; stamina 5, segmentis opposita. Flores feminei in axillis foliorum superiorum solitarii, brevissime pedicellati; perianthii seg- menta oblongo-orbicularia, extus pilosula; stamina et staminodia nulla; ovarium hirsutum, stigmatibus indivisis. Fructus a nobis non visus. South Mexico, near Tantoyuca, Huasteca (Hrvendberg, 321). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXVII. Fig. 1, a male flower, partially open; 2, ditto, fully open ; 3, a stamen ; 4, a female flower; 5, an ovary: all enlarged. 7. Celtis tala, Gillies in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, x. p. 310; Planch. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 190? Nortu Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Haton & Edwards, 107, 108). Hb. Kew. | t2 140 , URTICACEZ. Planchon defines several varieties of C. tala from Brazil and Bolivia, and one, the C. pallida, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 203, from Texas and North Mexico, which is probably our plant. 3. TREMA. Trema, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 562; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 355; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 58. Sponia, Comm., ex Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. p. 170, et Planch. in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 195. Between twenty and thirty shrubby and arboreous species, widely dispersed in tropical countries. 1. Trema micrantha, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 58. Sponia micrantha, Dene., ex Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, x. p. 333, et in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 203. Celtis micrantha, Sw. Prod. p. 58, et Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 547. Rhamnus micranthus, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 395. Sponia canescens, Dene., et S. schiedeana, Dene., ex Planch. in Ann. Se. Nat. sér. 3, x. p. 330. Sponia grisea, Liebm., et S. crassifolia, Liebm.? in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, i. p-. 340 (reprint, p. 56). Celtis schiedeana, Schl. in Linnea, vil. p. 140. Celtis canescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 28. Trema canescens, Bl., et T. schiedeana, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 58. A very common tree throughout TropicaL AMERICA and the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. There are many other synonyms relating to forms found outside of our limits. [Sponia ? integerrima, Beurling in Kong. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1854, p. 144, from Panama, is a doubtful plant. | | | Tribe III. CANNABINE. Cannabinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 344. This tribe consists of two genera and three species, namely :—Humulus lupulus, Linn. (the Hop), and Cannabis sativa, Linn. (Hemp), both of which are widely cultivated and now naturalized in many countries, including Mexico; and a second species of Humulus, a native of China and Japan. Tribe IV. MORE. Moree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 344. This tribe consists almost exclusively of trees and shrubs. It comprises twenty- three genera, the majority of which are monotypic, and not one of them, except Dorstenia, counts more than six species. The species are dispersed over nearly the whole area of the order; but the majority inhabit tropical regions or mountains within the tropics. 4. CHLOROPHORA. Chlorophora, Gaud. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 509; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p..363. Two arboreous species, the second a native of Tropical Africa. URTICACEZ. 141 1. Chlorophora tinctoria, Gaud. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 508, in nota. Maclura tinctoria, D. Don in Steud. Nomencl. Bot. 1841; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. li. p. 83; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 228. a. subintegerrima, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 228, sub Maclura; Mig. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, p. 157 (species). Macelura velutina, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 82. Morus tinctoria, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, ii. p. 1266. Mexico (Mogino & Sessé).—West Inpies; PERv. ye chlorocarpa, Bureau, loc. cit. p. 229, sub Maclura; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 314 (species). Broussonetia tinctoria a, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 32. | South Mexico, Tlacotalpan (Hahn), Papantla, and between Jalapa and Mirador (Liebmann), Campeachy (Linden).—VENEZUELA and CoLoMBIA to PERU. Z. xanthoxylon, Bureau, loc. cit. p. 230, sub Maclura; Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. 2, p. 34 (species); Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, t. 53. Maclura plumiera, D. Don, ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. 1841; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 82. Maclura sieberi, BI. loc. cit. p. 88. Morus xanthoxylon, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, ii. p. 1266. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Schiede); Panama (Duchassaing).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and in the West INDIEs. Several other varieties are described, all inhabiting parts of the same region. 5. MORUS. Morus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1055; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 364; Bureau in DC. Prodr. XVli. p. 237. Trees and shrubs. Ten or twelve species have been described ; but Bureau reduces them to five. 1. Morus celtidifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 33; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 246. Morus mexicana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 71. Soutn Mexico, Tehuacan (Hartweg), mountains above Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 189), Orizaba, (Suwmichrast, 1336, 1337); GuatemaLa (Savage).—CoLomBia to Perv. Hb. Kew. [Morus rubra, Linn., is stated by Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 246, to range from Canada to Mexico; but the locality, Rio Guadalupe, given as Mexican, is really in Texas. | 6. TROPHIS. Trophis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1103 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 111. p. 365. About five or six shrubby and arboreous species, inhabiting the West Indies, Mexico, and the Andes of South America. 142 URTICACE. 1. Trophis americana, Linn. Amen. Acad. v. p. 410. QB. ramon, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 252; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 357 (species) ; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 315 (reprint, p- 31). Soutn Mexico, between Guatulco and San Miguel del Puerto, Oaxaca, Trapiche de la Concepcion, and Rio de las Vueltas, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Mirador (Linden, 34), Jalapa (Galeotti); Panama, Isle of Taboga (S. Hayes, 658). Hb. Kew. | The typical form of this species inhabits Cuba, Jamaica, and San Domingo, whilst a third form occurs in Colombia. 2. Trophis mexicana, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 253. (Tab. LX XVIII.) Sorocea mexicana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 3835 (reprint, p. 51). Soura Mzxico, Huatusco (Heller), Orizaba (Botteri, 1014), Zacualpan (Linden, 1647), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 941), Hacienda de Jovo, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXVIII. Trophis mexicana, Bureau, and Sorocea affinis, Hemsley, were both drawn for this work on account of their foliage being so much alike that the two plants have been confused. In fact the former was referred to Sorocea by Liebmann ; and in consequence of this synonym appearing on the sheet bearing the specimen, the artist mistook the analyses when transferring them to the stone. The branches bearing respectively male and female fiowers are true Trophis mexicana. Fig. 1 is a bud of a male flower of Sorocea affinis, to show the imbricate zstivation ; 2, a male flower of the same, just expanded, showing the straight filaments; 3, a female flower of Trophis mexicana ; 4, the same, further advanced : all the dissections enlarged. See the explanation of Tab. LXXIX. (Sorocea affinis), p. 150. 3. Trophis glabrata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 314 (reprint, p. 30) ; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 254. Sout Mexico, Mirador, Villa Alta, Chinantla, &c. (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 7. DORSTENTA. Dorstenia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 158; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 366. Perennial herbs or small shrubs. Forty-five species are published, one of which inhabits India and the rest Tropical Africa and America. 1. Dorstenia contrajerva, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 176; DC. Prody. xvii. p. 259; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 614; Descour. Fl. Antill. ii. t. 207; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 45. Dorstenia houstoni, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1005, non Linn. South Mexico, Misantla (Hahn), Huasteca (Ervendberg), Jalapa (Linden), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2400 to 4500 feet (Galeotti, 290)—VuENEzUELA to Perv, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. URTICACEA, (148 c- £. houstoni, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 259; Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 176 (species) ; Bot. Mag. t. 2017. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Houston ; [debmann), Teapa, Tabascc and Consoquitla (Linden, 38, 63), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2500 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 291). Hb. Kew. y. maculata, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 260. Soutn Mexico, Mirador ( Ghiesbreght). c~ 2. Dorstenia drakena, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 17 6; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 260. Dorstenia mexicana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 51. Souty. Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg), without locality (Parkinson) ; Nicaragua, neigh- bourhood of Granada (Lévy).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 3. Dorstenia excentrica, Moric. Pl. Nouv. d’Am. p. 92, t. 59; DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 263. — Sourn Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier), Tantoyuca, Huasteca (Ervendberg). 4. Dorstenia lindeniana, Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvii. p. 269. SoutH Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 64). Hb. Kew. Tribe V. ARTOCARPER. Artocarpee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 346. . Trees or shrubs. Twenty-two genera, numbering about 710 species, generally — diffused in tropical regions, a very few occurring in temperate regions. 8. FICUS. Ficus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1168; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 367. This genus comprises upwards of 600 species, spread over all tropical countries, but most abundant in the Malayan Archipelago. A very few extend into temperate regions in Japan, South Africa, and in the countries bordering the Mediterranean. In America the genus is not represented north of Mexico, and barely south of the tropic of Capricorn. 1. Ficus anthelmintica, Mart. Syst. Mat. Med. Bras. p. 88. Pharmacosycea anthelmintica, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vii. p. 66, in Seem. Bot. }. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 195, et in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, t. 25. fig. 2. Ficus glabrata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 47. Panama (Seemann).—CoLomBia; BRaziu. 2. Ficus arbutifolia, Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. ii. p. 450; Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 19; Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 412, et in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 63. SoutH Mexico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 144 | URTICACEE. 3. Ficus baccata, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 106.. Urostigma baccatum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, i. p. 827 (reprint, p. 43). Sout Mexico, Hacienda de Santa Cruz, near Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Laebmann). . 4. Ficus bonplandiana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ili. p. 298. n. 38. Urostigma bonplandianum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 823 (reprint, p. 89). Ficus obtusifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 49, nec alior. Sour Mxxico, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland), Mirador (Liebmann). 5. Ficus botryapioides, Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 15. Urostigma botryapioides, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 588, et in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 79. Mexico. 6. Ficus chiriquiana, Mig. in. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. p. 298. n. 73. Urostigma chiriquianum, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xii. p. 412. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 7. Ficus complicata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 48. Urostigma complicatum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 8325 (reprint, p. 41). SoutH Mexico, western Cordillera near Guasintla and Puente de Istla at 3000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 8. Ficus consanguinea, Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 17; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 74. Urostigma consanguineum, Mig. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xii. p. 408. SourH Mexico, between Sepillo and Estura (ex Miquel). 9. Ficus costaricana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 48. Urostigma costaricanum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 1. p. 822 (reprint, p. 38). Costa Rica, Pitayaya (Grsted). ‘10. Ficus cotinifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 49. Urostigma cotinifolium, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 580; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 1. p. 822. SoutH Mexico, on the Acapulco road near Venta del Exido, 1200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Ficus coybana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 300. n. 188. Pharmacosycea rigida, Mig. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 195. Panama, island of Coiba, coast of Panama (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 12. Ficus eugenizfolia, Hemsley. Urostigma eugeniafolium, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk, Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 329. Costa Rica, Ujaras (Grsted). URTICACEA. 145 13. Ficus fuscescens, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 34, Urostigma fuscescens, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 329 (reprint, p. 45). Souta Mexico, Colipa, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 14. Ficus glauca, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iti. p. 299. n. 99. Urostigma glaucum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, iii. p. 322. South Mexico, Rio de las Vueltas, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 15. Ficus glaucescens, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 300. n. 136. Pharmacosycea glaucescens, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 322 (reprint, p. 48). South Mexico, Mecapalco and Potrero de Consoquitla, near Mirador (Liebmann), region of Orizaba { Bourgeau, 2249 bis). Hb. Kew. 16. Ficus glycicarpa, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 297. n. 17. Urostigma glycicarpum, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 409. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 17. Ficus guatemalana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 39. Urostigma guatemalanum, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 411. GuatEeMALa ( Warscewicz). 18. Ficus gummifera, Bertol. Misc. Bot. fasc. xx. p. 16, t. 5, non Miq. GuaTEeMALA, Esquintla ( Velasquez). This name is not taken up by Miquel in his enumeration ‘of the American species of Ficus. | 19. Ficus hernandezii, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 300. n. 137. Pharmacosycea hernandezii, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 332 (reprint, p. 48). SoutH Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 20. Ficus intramarginalis, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 297. n. 18. Urostigma intramarginale, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 8320 (reprint, p. 36). Costa Rica, Turrialva (sted). 21. Ficus involuta, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 47. Urostigma involutum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, i. p. 320 (reprint, p. 36). NIcARAGUA, between Sapoa and Tortuga (sted). 22. Ficus lancifolia, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310. Urostigma lancifolium, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 538; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 326 (reprint, p. 42). South Mexico, without locality (Beechey), Orizaba (Botteri, 577); Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. u 146 URTICACEZ. 23. Ficus lapathifolia, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 297. n. 19. Urostigma lapathifolium, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 8319 (reprint, p- 35). Sour Mexico, Colipa &c., Vera Cruz (Liebmann); GuatemaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 24. Ficus liebmanniana, Migq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 68. Urostigma liebmannianum, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 195. PanaMA, Chagres (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 25. Ficus ligustrina, Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 16; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 56. Urostigma schiedeanum, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 589; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 1. p. 326 (reprint, p. 42). Ficus prinoides, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 857, non Willd. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miller, 866 ; Bilimek, 355), Mirador, Maloapam, Papantla, Consoquitla, and Trapiche de la Concepcion (Iiebmann). Hb. Kew. 26. Ficus longipes, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 297. n. 23. Urostigma longipes, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 321 (reprint, p. 37). Sout Mexico, Colipa and Misantla, Vera Cruz (Ziebmann). Hb. Kew. 27. Ficus mexicana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 135. Pharmacosycea mexicana, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 415. Souta Mexico (Schiede). 28. Ficus myxeefolia, Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 18; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 297. n. 22. Urostigma myxefolium, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 410. Sout Mexico. | Urostigma nummularia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, iii. p. 330, from Mexico, is, according to Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299, a spurious species founded upon sterile branches of something else. | 29. Ficus nympheifolia, Linn. Mant. p. 305. Urostigma nympheifolium, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p.527, et in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 297. n. 1. Soutn Mexico, Mazatlan (Seemann, 1459)’—Soutn America. Hb. Kew. 30. Ficus erstediana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 107. Urostigma werstedianum, Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 196, t. 36. Panama, David (Seemann, 1158). Hb. Kew. 31. Ficus ovalis, Mig.:in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 67. Urostigma ovale, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 8324 (reprint, p. 40). Costa Rica, Guanacaste (sted). URTICACEA, 147 32. Ficus padifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 47. . Urostigma padifolium, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 324. — Souto Mexico, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). 33. Ficus petiolaris, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 49; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 97. Urostigma petiolare, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 527; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 321 (reprint, p. 37). Soura Mexico, Mazatlan, Acaguisotla (Humboldt & Bonpland), Acapulco and Cuer- navaca (ex Liebmann). 34. Ficus populnea, Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 1141. Urostigma populneum, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 537, et in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. . Bat. iti. p. 298. n. 66. Mexico (Beechey)’—West Inpizes. Hb. Kew. 35. Ficus protensa, Hemsley. Urostigma protensum, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 4. Panama (Duchassaing). 36. Ficus pseudoradula, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 134. Pharmacosycea pseudoradula, Mig. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 414. Sours Mexico, near Papantla (ex Miquel). 37. Ficus radula, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 1114; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 47. Pharmacosycea radula, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 414; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 331. Souta Mxxico, San Augustin, Oaxaca (Liebmann)?; Panama (Seemann) t—Gutana ; BRAZIL. 38. Ficus sapida, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 65. Urostigma sapidum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 327 (reprint, p. 43) ; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 195, t. 35. Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted) ; Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 1157, 1573), banks of the Rio Chagres (S. Hayes, 696). Hb. Kew. [ Urostigma scandens, Liebm. (Ficus, Lam.) in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 330 (reprint, p.46), from Mexico, is, according to Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299, a spurious species. | 39. Ficus segovie, Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 300. n. 144.. Pharmacosycea angustifolia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 333 (reprint, p- 49). Nicaracua, Segovia (Grsted). | u 2 148 URTICACEA. 40. Ficus sulcipes, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 80. Urostigma sulcipes, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xin. p. 413. SoutH Mexico, Atlacomulco (ex Miquel). 41. Ficus tecolutensis, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 299. n. 94. Urostigma tecolutense, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 324 (reprint, p- 40). Sout Mexico, Tecoluta and Sepillo, Vera Cruz (Iiebmann). Hb. Kew. 42. Ficus turbinata, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 64. Urostigma turbinatum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 328 (reprint, p. 44). | SouTH Mexico, around Guatulco, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 43. Ficus verrucosa, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 321 (reprint, p. 37), sub Urostigmata. Nicaragua (ex Liebmann). 44. Ficus warscewiczii, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. p. 298. n. 37. Urostigma warscewiczii, Miq. in Versl. en Mededeel. Kon. Akad. Amst. xiii. p. 410. GUATEMALA (Warscewicz). 9. BROSIMUM. Brosimum, Sw. Prodr. p. 12, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 15, t.1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 369. An exclusively American genus, consisting of about eight arboreous species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Brosimum alicastrum, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 17, t. 1; Trécul in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 139; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 334. Souta Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann), Papantla (Schiede), Yucatan (Linden, 39).— West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. Brosimum costaricanum, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Belsk. Skrift. ser. 5, li. p. 334 (reprint, p. 50). Costa Rica, Naranjo (@rsted). 10. OLMEDIA. Olmedia, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. p. 129, t. 28; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 871. A Tropical-American genus of about six arboreous species. “ 1. Olmedia aspera, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. p. 129, t. 28; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vii. p. 162, t. 633; Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 127. | Panama, near Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes).—CotomBia to Peru. Hb. Kew. URTICACEA. 149 11. PSEUDOLMEDIA. Pseudolmedia, Tréc. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 129, t. 5. figg. 149-157 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 372. About five arboreous and shrubby species, inhabiting the West Indies and Western America, from Panama to Peru. 1. Pseudolmedia havanensis, Tréc. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 130; Walp. Ann. i. p. 663. Panama, ;Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes, 639).—CuBa and CotomBia to Psrv. Hb. Kew. . CASTILLOA. Castilloa, Cervant. in Gaz. Lit. de Mtevce 1794, ex Tréc. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 136, t. 5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 372. Three arboreous species. 1. Castilloa costaricana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii, p. 319. on Costa Rica, Turrialva (Garsted). Probably a form of C. elastica. 2. Castilloa elastica, Cerv. in Gaz. Lit. de Mexico, 1794; Ann. So. Nat. série 3, viii. p. 136, t. 5. figg. 142-148; Collins, Rep. on Caoutch. of Comm. t. 2. SoutH Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Ervendberg), Hacienda de Potrero, near Cordova (Bourgeau, 2259); Guaremata (Fredrichsthal); Honpuras? (ex Collins); Satvapor, Sonsonate (8. Hayes); Nicaragua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 12); Cogra Rica (ex Collins); Panama (ex Collins).—CotomBia to Ecuapor; Cusa; Harti. Ub. Kew. 3. Castilloa markhamiana, Collins, Rep. on Caoutch. of Comm. p. 12, t. 3. Panama, near Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. 13. SAHAGUNIA. Sahagunia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 316 (reprint, p. 32); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 377. Three arboreous species, the second and third inhabiting Guiana and Brazil. 1. Sahagunia mexicana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 316 (reprint, p. 32). South Mexico, Mirador and Barranca de Santa Maria, Tlatetla ( , (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. _ [ Artocarpus incisa, Linn., the bread-fruit, is cultivated in Panama. | 150 URTICACE. 14. SOROCEA. Sorocea, A. St.-Hil. in Mém. Mus. Par. vii. p: 478; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 378. An exclusively Tropical-American genus comprising about twelve shrubby and arboreous species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Sorocea affinis, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LX XIX.) Aff. 8. muriculate, foliis angustioribus longioribus, floribus masculis glabris breviter pedicellatis, amentis sessilibus, floribus femineis longiuscule pedicellatis, perianthio puberulo, fructu levi. Arbor 15—20-pedalis, ramulis glabris, gracilibus, cortice griseo, lenticellato. Folia breviter petiolata, subcoriacea, oblonga, 33-7 poll. longa, caudato-acuminata, utrinque glabra, subtus pallidiora, venis primariis conspicuis, prope marginem arcuatim anastomosantibus ; petiolus 14-8 lineas longus. Flores masculi brevissime pedicellati, glabri; amenta sessilia, gracilia, solitaria vel 24-aggregata, 1-3 poll. longa; perianthii segmenta rotundata. Flores feminei pedicellati, puberuli; perianthium apice pulvinatum. Fructus spheroideus, puberulus, haud muricatus. Panama, near Mamei, Lion Hill, and Paraiso railway-station (8. Hayes, 8, 682, 684). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXIX. Fig. 1, a bud of a male flower of Trophis mexicana, showing the valvate zxstivation ; 2, a flower of the same just opened, showing the incurved stamens ; 3, the same, further advanced ; 4, a female flower of Sorocea affinis ; 5, young fruit of the same: all enlarged. For enlarged male flowers of Sorocea affinis, see Tab. LX XVIII. (explanation, p. 142), the male flowers of the two plants having been substituted for each other. 2. Sorocea pubivena, Hemsley, n. sp. Fohis amplis oblongo-ellipticis integris subtus precipue in venis puberulis, floribus femineis pedicellatis, fructibus puberulis. __ Arbor ?, ramis graciliusculis, glabris. Folia breviter petiolata, subcoriacea, oblongo-elliptica, in spec. unico usque ad 10 poll. longa, basi cuneata, apice caudato-acuminata, supra glabra, costa venisque primariis depressis, subtus preecipue in costa venisque elevatis puberula; petiolus 6-8 lineas longus. Flores feminei racemosi, pedicellis 2-3 lineis longis haud incrassatis. Fructus oblongus, ad 4 lineas longus, puberulus, haud muricatus. GuaTEMALA (Mriedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. Tribe VI. CONOCEPHALEA. Conocephalee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 347. This tribe comprises six genera and about ninety shrubby and herbaceous species, upwards of seventy of which are Tropical-American. One monotypic. genus, and another, of which four species are known, are restricted to Tropical Africa, and a third, of about ten species, is Asiatic. * 15. CECROPIA. Cecropia, Linn. Gen.. Plant. n. 1099; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 378. Trees inhabiting Tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. Nearly forty species have been described, many of them, however, from very imperfect material. URTICACEZ. 151 1. Cecropia commutata, Schott, ex Mig. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. P- 148. MEXICO. 2. Cecropia humboldtiana, K1. in Linnea, xx. p. 530; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 317 (reprint, p. 33). Nicaragua, banks of the Rio San Juan (rsted).—Soutu AMERICA. 8. Cecropia insignis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 318 (reprint, p. 34). Nicaragua, Rio San Juan (Grsted). 4, Cecropia mexicana, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. LXXX.) Foliis 11-13-lobatis, lobis oblongis, spathis 9 2-spicatis (vel 4-spicatis ?), spicis sessilibus crassis ad 9 poll. longis, spathis ¢ 10-12-spicatis, spicis pedunculatis ad 6 poll. longis, perianthio 2-partito. Arbor, ramis? Folia (unicum tantum visum) longe petiolata, subcoriacea, peltata, ultra medium 11-18-lobata, supra scabrida, subtus inter venas primarias incana; lobi oblongi, margine undulati, inzequales, maximus 10 poll. longus, minimus 33 poll. longus, costa venisque primariis ferrugineis, subtus elevatis; petiolus sulcatus. Spathe 2 ‘pedunculatze, 2-spicatz (vel 4-spi- catee ?) ; spice sessiles, fere semipoll. crassz, ad 9 poll. longe. Spathe ¢ albo-tomentose, pedunculate (pedunculi 3-pollicares), 10-12-spicate ; spice pedunculate (pedunculi semipolli- cares), graciles, ad 6 poll. long ; perianthium bipartitum. SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1869). Hb. Kew. Var.? Foliis omnino glabris, spicis ¢ usque ad 9 poll. longis. NicaraGua, Chontales (Seemann, 150), without locality (Tate, 394, in part). Hb. Kew. The Mexican plant may be different from the Nicaraguan; but the one female spike belonging to Seemann’s specimen is quite like those collected by Bourgeau, and the male spikes collected by Tate differ only in their greater Jength. It may be one of the species of which we have seen no specimens, all of which were described from leaves alone. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXX. Fig. 1, a male flower; 2, the same, seen from the side; 3, a stamen; 4,a female flower; 5, a vertical section of the same; 6, a seed; 7, the same, with a portion of the testa removed : all enlarged. 5. Cecropia obtusifolia, Bertol. Fl. Guat. p. 39; Miq. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, p. 150. Guatema.a (Velasquez). 6. Cecropia panamensis, Hemsley, n. sp. Foliis 11-12-lobatis supra scabridis subtus cinereo-puberulis, spathis ¢ graciliyscule pedunculatis 4.-spicatis, spicis pedunculatis gracilibus. Arbor, ramis? Folia longe petiolata, subcoriacea, peltata, ultra medium 11—12-lobata, supra scabrida, subtus inter venas primarias cinereo-puberula; lobi oblongi, acuminati, margine undulati, iazequales, maximus 10-11 poll. longus, minimus 5 poll. longus, costa venisque ferrugineis subtus prominentibus ; petiolus puberulus, sulcatus. Spathe § pedunculate, arachnoidee, 152 URTICACEA. 4-spicate ; pedunculi communes graciles, 2-4 poll. longi ; spice pedunculatz (pedunculi semi- pollicares), graciles, 3-6 poll. longze.—C. strigosa, Mig. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ . p. 196, non Tréc. PANAMA, common in savannas all over the isthmus (Seemann, 499). Hb. Kew. It is possible that Seemann collected more than one species, and that the specimens seen by Miquel belong to C. strigosa, Tréc., which is described as having about sixty spikes in the male spathes. 7. Cecropia propinqua, Mig. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, p. 149. MEXICO. 8. Cecropia schiedeana, KI. in Linnea, xx. p. 531; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 317. Mexico. Cultivated specimens in Kew herbarium. 16. POUROUMA. Pourouma, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 891, t. 341; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 880. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about twenty arboreous species. 1. Pourouma aspera, Tréc. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, viii. p. 1022 Panama, Lion Hill station (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. 2. Pourouma, sp. Nicaracua (Tate, 394, in part). Hb. Kew. Tribe VII. URTICEA. Urticee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 348. This tribe includes forty genera and upwards of 500 species, spread over the whole area of the order. 17. URTICA. Urtica, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1054; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant iu. p. 381. About thirty herbaceous species, widely dispersed in temperate and subtropical regions. 1. Urtica chamedryoides, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 113. we. genuina, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 42. Urtica verna, Rafin. in Atl. Journ. p. 16. Urtica purpurascens, Nutt. Fl. Arkans. p. 169. Urtica stachydifolia, Kth. et Bouché in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, vii. p. 181. Urtica propinqua, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 293 (reprint, p. 9). Urtica berlandieri, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 151. URTICACEA. 153 GerorGia and Louisiana to ARKANSAS and TExas.—Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. © B. latifolia, Wedd. loc. cit. p. 43. Here and there with the type. 5. orizabee, Wedd. loc. cit.; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 292 (reprint, p. 8)—species. Sour Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1276). Hb. Kew. “ U7. bovista, Riddell, Fl. West. States N. Am.,” referred by Weddell to this species, we do not find in any of Riddell’s publications. 2. Urtica dioica, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1396. a. Vulgaris, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 50; Fl. Dan. v. t. 746. Common all over Europes, except Arctic, also in Arrica, Western Asia, and temperate and subtropical Nort America, and in South AMERICA. n. mollis, Wedd. loc. cit. p. 51. Mexico, at 7800 feet (Heller).—CuHI. A. angustifolia, Wedd. loc. cit. p. 52; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. vi. p. 240 (species). Urtica aquatica, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 391 (reprint, p. 7). Nortu Mexico.—Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann). vy. procera, Wedd. loc. cit. p. 52; Miihlenb. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 353 (species). Urtica mexicana, Bl. in Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 140, non Liebm., et Urtica serra, Bl. loc. cit. Urtica dicica 8. angustifolia, Schl. in Linnea, vil. p. 141. Norta America.—Mexico, around Mexico (Bourgeau, 188), without localities (Berlandier, 340, 342; Galeotti, 334% Schiede, 27). Hb. Kew. 3. Urtica flabellata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 40 ; DC. Prodr. xvi.1, p. 41. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 528).—Cotomsia to Peru and Bo.ivia. Hb. Kew. 4. Urtica glandulifera, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 293 (reprint, p. 9); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 43. “ South Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo, Santa Cruz (Liebmann). 5. Urtica mexicana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 291 (reprint, p. 7); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 58. Sout Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann). 6. Urtica nicaraguensis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5 ii, p. 292 (reprint, p. 8); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 58. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 8700 feet (Grsted). Liebmann gave this name believing the plant to have been collected in Nicaragua. “BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. £ 154 URTICACEZ. 7. Urtica spiralis, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p.152; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 46. South Mexico, Tampico to Real del Monte (Berlandier). B. tligulata, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 47. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 to 9000 feet, and peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Galeott:, 314, 328). Hb. Kew. 8. Urtica subincisa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 293; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 43. Urtica falcicrenata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 293. SoutH Mexico, near Santa Rosa (Hartweg), Hacienda de Santa Barbara (Liebmann), Jalapa (Coulter, 1423), near Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Hahn, 641). Hb. Kew. 9. Urtica urens, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1396; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 40. An almost ubiquitous weed in temperate and subtropical regions, including MExico. Hb. Kew. Probably an introduced plant in America. 18. FLEURYA. Fleurya, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 497, et in Voy. de la ‘ Bonite,’ t. 88 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 382. Annual herbs. About eight species, widely dispersed in the tropics, and extending beyond in South Africa. 1. Fleurya estuans, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 497; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 71. Widely dispersed in Tropical America, Tropical Arrica, MAscaRENE Istanps, &c. y. racemosa, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 72. Fleurya cordata, Gaudich. in Freye. Voy. Bot. p. 497, et Voy. de la ‘ Bonite,’ t. 83. Urtica latifolia, Rich. in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. i. p. 118; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, il. p. 294 (reprint, p. 10). Nicaragua, near Granada (Grsted), Chontales (Seemann); Panama (Seemann).— VENEZUELA to PeRu and BraziL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 19. LAPORTEA. Laportea, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 498; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 383. Herbs, shrubs, or trees, inhabiting the tropics of the Old World, and North America from Canada to Nicaragua. 1. Laportea canadensis, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 498; DC. Prodr. xvi. l, p. 78. Nearly all over NortH AMERICA. 5. pustulata, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 78. Urtica (Laportea) pustulata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 294 (reprint, p. 10). SoutH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. URTICACEA. 185 2. Laportea mexicana, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 84. Urera platycarpa, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xviii. p. 202. Laportea platycarpa, Wedd. loc. cit. série 4, 1. p. 182, et Monogr. Urtic. p. 182, t. 2, c. Discocarpus mexicanus, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 309 (reprint, p. 25). Sourn Mexico, Cerro San Felipe, near Oaxaca, 6000 to 7000 feet (Liebmann), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 2280). Hb. Kew. 3. Laportea nicaraguensis, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 84. Laportea liebmannii, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 183. Discocarpus nicaraguensis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 309 (reprint, p. 25). Nicaraaus, Matagalpa, Segovia (rsted). 20. URERA. Urera, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 496; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 383. About eighteen shrubby and arboreous species, inhabiting Tropical America and Africa and the Mascarene and. Pacific Islands. 1. Urera baccifera, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 497 ; DC. Prodr. xvi.1, p. 94. Urtica baccifera, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1898; Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. t. 387. Panama (Seemann, 495).—CotomBia to Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 6. horrida, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 94; Mig. in Mart. FI. Bras. iv. 1, p. 192 (species). CoLoMBIA. y. angustifolia, Wedd. loc. cit. Urera denticulata et U. armigera, Mig. in Mart. FI. Bras. iv. 1, p. 192. Urtica grandidentata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 296 (reprint, p. 12). Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 9000 feet (Grsted). 2. Urera caracasana, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 154; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 89. Urtica caracasana, Jacq. Hort. Scheenb. iii. p. 71, t. 386. South Mexico (Botteri ; Bourgeau).—Widely dispersed in Tropical and Subtropical Sout AMERICA, as well as in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. «. tomentosa, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 90. Urera densiflora, Mig. in Mart. Fl. Bras. Mart. iv. 1, p. 190. Urtica verrucosa, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 295 (reprint, p. 11). Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 8000 feet (rsted).—CoLomBIA. 3. Urera corallina, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 90. Urtica (Urera) corallina, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 295 (reprint, p. 11). Urera jacquinii €. corallina, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 145. Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted). x 2 156 URTICACEA, 4, Urera elata, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 154; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 91. Panama (S. Hayes, 750).—West INDIES. 5. Urera laciniata, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xviii. (1852), p. 203; Monogr. Urtic. p. 160, t. 2a. fig. 10; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 93. Urera girardinioides, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ pp. 194 et 254. PANAMA, around Cruces (Seemann, 494).—CotompBia ; Peru. Hb. Kew. 6. Urera microcarpa, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p.156, et in DC. Prodr. xvi.1, p. 95. Souta Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 97); Panama, Lion-Hill railway-station (S. Hayes, 683).—Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 21. PILEA. Pilea, Lindl. Collect. t. 4; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 384. Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes woody at the base. About 100 species are known ; and they are generally dispersed in tropical countries, except Australia. 1. Pilea acuminata, Licbm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 302 (reprint, p. 18); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 154. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2, Pilea auriculata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 299 (reprint, p. 15); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 156. Costa Rica, near Cartago (sted). 3. Pilea deltoidea, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 298 (reprint, p. 14); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 108. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted).—Cusa. 4, Pilea falcata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 804 (reprint, p. 20); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 147. . _ SoutH Mexico, near Tanetze and Cacalotepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 5. Pilea hyalina, Fenzl in Denkschr. Wien. k. Akad. i. p.4; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 160; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 271, t. 6. fig. 8; Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, t. 69. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 283, 286 ; Sallé) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 189, 396); Costa Rica (Hndres, 253); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 284), Santiago (Seemann, 276).—Southward to Peru and La Piatra. Hb. Kew. 6. Pilea integrifolia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 298 (reprint, p. 14); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 115. SoutH Mexico, Amatlan, Totontepec and Comaltepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 7. Pilea longipes, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 301 (reprint, p. 17); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 154. SoutH Mexico, Tonaguia, Oaxaca at 4800 feet (Liebmann). URTICACEZ. 157 8. Pilea lundii, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 299 (reprint, p. 15); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 160. Sour Mexico, Misantla, Mirador, Potrero de Consoquitla and Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann) ; Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 9. Pilea microphylla, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 296 (reprint, p. 12); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 105. = Pilea muscosa, Lindl. Collect. t. 4. Parietaria microphylla, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1492. Nearly all over TRopicaL AMERICA.” g. herniarioides, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 106; Lindl. Collect. sub t. 4 (species). Pilea peperomiefolia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 297 (reprint, p- 18). SoutH Mexico, Santiago, Amatlan at 5000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. y. longifolia, Wedd. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico (Sumichrast). 8. portulacoides, Wedd. loc. cit. Pilea portula, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 297 (reprint, p. 18) ? Pilea portulacina, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 44? Urtica portulacina, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ili. p. 838 ?- Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted).—BrRazi ; West Inp1ss. 10. Pilea mexicana, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xviii. p. 214; Monogr. Urtic. p. 239 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 146. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bottert, 19; Miller, 183), Zuluzuchiapa, Chiapas (Linden, 72). Hb. Kew. | 11. Pilea nana, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. P. 299 (reprint, p. 15); DC. Prodr. xv. 1, p. 159. South Mexico, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 12. Pilea pubescens, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p: 302 (reprint, p. 18); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 152. Widely dispersed in TropicaL America. Hb. Kew. §. fuscata, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 153; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 300 (reprint, p. 16)—-species. Pilea xalapensis, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 255. South Mexico, Mirador and Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 313), Mirador (Linden, 41). Hb. Kew. e. rupicola, Wedd. loc. cit., et in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, XVill. p. 224 * (species) SoutH Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 71). Hb. Kew. ; 158 URTICACEZ. 13. Pilea rhexioides, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 304 (reprint, p. 20); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 141. SoutH Mexico, Barranca de Huitamalco, Puebla (Liebmann). 14. Pilea rubizfolia, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 49; DOC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 114. | GUATEMALA (ex Blume). 15. Pilea scrobiculata, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 300 (reprint, p.16); DC. Prodr. xiv. 1, p. 160. Soura Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 16. Pilea serpyllifolia, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 107. Pilea callitrichioides, Kth. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1846, p. 12. Pilea peplidifolia, Schl. in Linnea, xxvii. p. 496. Parietaria serpyllifolia, Poi. in Lam. Encycl. v. p. 16. Urtica serpyllacea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 37; Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 356. Pilea serpyllacea, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 96; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 177, t. 6, c. Sourn Mexico, Jalapa at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7084), Mirador (Linden, 79), Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann) ; Costa Rica (Crsted).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 17. Pilea trianthemoides, Lindl. Collect. sub t. 4; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 106; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 297 (reprint, p. 13). South Mexico, Mirador, Potrero de Consoquitla, &c. (Liebmann).— West INDIES. 18. Pilea trichotoma, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, p. 803 (reprint, p.19); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 156. Mexico, cultivated in the Copenhagen Botanic Garden. 19. Pilea vulcanica, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii.. p. 303 (reprint, p.19); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 142. Sours Mexico, Volcan de Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liebmann). 22. BOAHMERIA. Behmeria, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. p. 246, t. 157; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p, 387. Small trees, shrubs, or undershrubs. About forty-five species are known; and they are generally diffused in tropical regions, a few extending into extratropical North and South America, and in Eastern Asia to Japan. 1. Behmeria caudata, Sw. Prodr. p. 34, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 279; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 201; Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, t. 64 et 65; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 216, t. 56. Behmeria flagelliformis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 310 (reprint, . 26). Baimeria aoe yullacea et B. petiolaris, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. pp. 35 et 36. SovrH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2577), Matlaluca and Colipa (Liebmann), URTICACEA. . 159 Chilotepec, Vera Cruz (Linden, 45), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1690); Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted).—CoLomBia to Perv and Brazit and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. Boehmeria cylindrica, Willd. Sp. iv. p. 340; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 202; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 310 (reprint, p. 26). Canapa southward to Texas.—Mex1co, Tecolula, Vera Cruz (Ziebmann).—West InpiEs to Brazin. Hb. Kew. : 3. Behmeria fallax, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 346; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 197. PERU. | y. Wmifolia, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 198, et Monogr. p. 347 (species) ; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. it. p. 226 (species). Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti, 311), Esquintla, Vera Cruz (Linden, 44). Hb. Kew. . | 23. POUZOLZIA. Pouzolzia, Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 503; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 387. Herbs, undershrubs, or shrubs. Nearly fifty species, spread over the tropics, but least numerous in America. 1. Pouzolzia guatemalana, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 233. Behmeria guatemalanu, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 206. GuaTEMALA (friedrichsthal). 2. Pouzolzia latifolia, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 234. Mexico (hb. Pavon). | 3. Pouzolzia obliqua, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 405, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p- 231. Margarocarpus obliquus, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 204. Panama, Paraiso railway-station (S. Hayes, 350).—CoLomBia to Perv. Hb. Kew. 4. Pouzolzia occidentalis, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 410, et in DC. Prody. xvi. 1. p. 234. Leucococcus occidentalis, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, 11. p. 311 (reprint, p. 27). Nicaracua, near Granada (@rsted). | . 24, MYRIOCARPA. Myriocarpa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘ Sulphur,’ p. 168, t.55; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 391. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of about six shrubby or small arboreous species, ranging from Mexico to Peru and Brazil. 1. Myriocarpa bifurca, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 307 (reprint, p. 23); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 235%6. Nicaragua, Volcan de Masaya (rsted). 160 URTICACEA. 2. Myriocarpa cordifolia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii, p- 306 (reprint, p. 22); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 235%. | South Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 3. Myriocarpa inzquilatera, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 307 (reprint, p. 23); DC. Prodr. xvi. i. p. 235%. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Girsted). 4. Myriocarpa longipes, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 306 (reprint, p. 22); DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 235°. Nicaraaua (Tate); Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted). Hb. Kew. @. colipensis, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 23535; Liebm. loc. cit. (species). Myriocarpa cordifolia 8. colipensis, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 488. South Mexico, Colipa, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Ub. Kew. 5. Myriocarpa stipitata, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 168, t. 55 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 23594; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. t. 16, D. Myriocarpa humilis, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, xviii. p. 282. South Mexico (Botteri; Bourgeaw); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 280), Boquete (Seemann, 1575).—VuwnezvELa and CoLomBia to Bouivia and Brazin. Hb. Kew. y. ambigua, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 235%. South Mexico, Vera Cruz at 3900 feet (Galeotti, 317). 25. PHENAX. | Phenaz, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 191; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 392. Shrubs and undershrubs. About ten species, all inhabiting Tropical America, and one of them also occurring in Mauritius and Malacca, where, however, it may have been introduced. 1. Phenax angustifolius, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 193; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 23541; Monogr. Urtic. p. 501, t. 16, a. Behmeria angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 34. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted).—CoLomB1a to PERU. 2. Phenax hirtus, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 2358, Phenaz urticefolius, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 192; Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd, Bat. ii. p. 169, t. 54. Urtica hirta, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 285. Behmeria urticefolia et B. hirta, Pers. Synop. ii. p. 556. SoutH Mexico, Tlapacoya and San Antonio (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2576; Sallé), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 310); GuatemaLa, Zapote (Friedrichs- thal); Costa Rica at 3500 feet (Endres)—CotomBia to Perv and the West Inp1zs. Hb. Kew. URTICACEA. 161 3. Phenax mexicanus, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 500; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 235%, Phenax gaudichaudianus, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 193. Phenaz galeottianus, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 11. p. 227. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2811; Miller, 277), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 325). Hb. Kew. 4, Phenax sonneratii, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 23527. Phenax vulgaris, Wedd. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 4, i. p. 192. Behmeria elongata, Fisch. ; Jacq. Ecl. Pl. t. 135; Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 809 (reprint, p. 25). . Souta Mrxico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Colipa (Liebmann); GuatemaLa, Mazate- nango (Bernoulli)—CotomBia to Peru and Braziu and in the Wesr InpiEs; also in Mauritius and Matacca, though probably introduced. Hb. Kew. 26. PARTETARTIA. Parietaria, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1152; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 392. About eight herbaceous species, widely spread in temperate regions, rarer within the tropics. 1. Parietaria debilis, Forst. Fl. Ins. Austr. Prodr. n. 387; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 2354; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 517, t. 17. figg. 21-25. Mexico (ex Weddeli)—This species is spread nearly all over the WoRLD, except Europe and the frigid regions. 2. Parietaria pennsylvanica, Miihlenb. Cat. Pl. Am.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, p. 2354" (varietates). Parietaria orizabe et P. linguefolia, Liebm. in K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 5, ii. p. 313 (reprint, p. 29). VERMONT and WISCONSIN southward to Texas.—Mexico, common, and found at an altitude of 10,000 feet on the peak of Orizaba (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. Order CXXVIII. PLATANACE. Platanacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 396. A monotypic order. 1. PLATANUS. . Platanus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1075; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 396. Five or six arboreous species, inhabiting Eastern Europe, Temperate and Subtropical Asia, and North America. The Mexican species need revision. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. y 162 PLATANACEA. 1. Platanus lindeniana, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 159. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa at 4000 feet (Linden, 9). 2. Platanus mexicana, Moric. in Bull. Ferr. Bot. 1830, p. 79, et Pl. Nouv. d’ Amér. p. 39, t. 26; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 160. Nortu Mexico, Monterey (Berlandier, 1388 ; Palmer, 1628); Sourn Mexico, Huatusco (Iiebmann). Hb. Kew. 3. Platanus racemosa, Nutt. Suppl. N. Am. Sylva, i. p. 47, t.15; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 1602 Nortu Mexico, Monclova (Palmer, 1269). 4, Platanus wrightii, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. x. p. 349. Arizona.—North Mexico, Chiricahui Mountains (Lemmon). Hb. Kew. 5. Platanus, sp. South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1463; Bourgeau, 2313), without locality (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. [LEITNERIE#, an Order of one genus and two species—one inhabiting Florida, and the other Texas. | Order CXXIX. JUGLANDE. Juglandee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 397. Trees. There are five genera, comprising upwards of thirty species, widely dispersed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and extending to the mountains of Tropical Asia and Central America. 1. CARYA. Carya, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. ii. p. 220; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 398. About twelve species, inhabiting North America. 1. Carya mexicana, Engelm., n. sp. Arbor 50-60-pedalis ; gemme ovato-acute, circiter 2 lineas longe, squamis pubescentibus, exteri- oribus acuminatis, seepius subulatis; foliola 5, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, subtus pubescentia, argute serrata (dentibus pubescenti-fimbrillatis), terminale basi acutum, breviter petiolulatum, lateralia sessilia, basi obliqua semicordata; petiolus glaber vel glabrescens. Nux compressa, circiter 1 poll. lata, magis lata quam longa, 4-angularis, exocarpio ultra medium 4-valvo. NortH Mexico, high mountains of Alvarez, twenty miles south-east of San Luis Potosi, at an altitude of 8000 feet (Palmer, 8353). Hb. Kew. “A large tree, 50-60 feet high; winter buds ovate-acute, about 4 inch long, with JUGLANDEZA. 163 pubescent scales, the outer acuminate, often with subulate points; leaflets in fives, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, terminal ones acute at base, short-petioled, lateral ones sessile with an oblique semicordate base, sharply serrate with ascending or somewhat appressed fringed-pubescent serratures, pubescent (even in November) on the lower side, while (at that season at least) the petiole is glabrous; nut compressed, about 1 inch broad, broader than high, 4-angled; husk thick, 4-valved beyond the middle. Near Carya alba, but with smaller buds, more pubescent leaves, closer, more appressed serratures ; leaflets about 4 inches long and 4 inch wide, or occasionally almost twice as large; wood dense, showing rapid growth, bark apparently scaly.” —Engelmann, MSS. 2. Carya oliveformis, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. ii. p. 221; DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 144. ; Juglans oliveformis, Marsh, Arbust. Amer. p. 105; Michx. Hist. Arbr. Forest. de ?Amér. Sept. i. p. 173, t. 3; Michx. N. Amer. Sylv. i. p. 167, t. 32. Carya tetraptera, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 80. Iuiinois, southward to Lovistana and Trexas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 8354); Sourn Mzuxico, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. JUGLANS. Juglans, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1071, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 398. Eight or nine species, widely dispersed in the northern hemisphere. 1. Juglans mollis, Engelm. in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. p. 54. Arbor mediocris, cortice nigro; foliola 11-18, late ovata, acuta, basi obtusa vel subcordata, lateralia subsessilia, obliqua, terminale petiolulatum, omnia dense irregulariterque biserrata, subtus . tomentosa, supra demum fere glabra. Nua globosa, leviter compressa, longitudinaliter sulcata, circiter 12 poll. diametro maxima et 1} diametro minima, endocarpio crassissimo. Nort Mexico, mountains east of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 385). Hb. Kew. “Medium-sized tree, with black bark and very dark heart-wood; leaflets 11-13, ovate, acute, obtuse or subcordate at base, terminal one petioled, lateral ones subsessile and somewhat oblique (the upper half being the widest), all closely doubly or irregu- larly serrate; tomentose underneath, at last almost glabrate above; nut depressed- globose, slightly compressed, with shallow grooves between flat ridges extending from base to top; shell and partitions very thick, scarcely smaller than the cavities between them. A tree apparently of slow growth; bark of specimen collected $ inch thick, © sap-wood about | inch thick, showing thirty annual rings; heart-wood as dark as that of J. nigra; leaves 8-10 inches, leaflets 24-44 inches long by ¢-2 inches wide, strongly ribbed underneath, and soft pubescent to rusty tomentose when young ; nuts about - 14 inch broad and 1} inch high. Allied to J. frutescens and J. californica, but with much larger nuts and broader leaves than any known North-American species. ‘The y 2 164 JUGLANDEZ. only other described Mexican species, J. pyriformis, Leibm., 1s said to have a very different form of nut and many more leaflets (19-31).”—Engelmann, MSS. 2. Juglans pyriformis, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 79; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 138. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 879; Iiebmann). Ub. Kew. 8. Juglans rupestris, Engelm. in Torr. Bot. Sitgr. Rep. p. 171, t. 15, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 205; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 138. Texas; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, Sonora (ex Torrey). 3. ENGELHARDTIA. Engelhardtia, Leschen. in Bl. Bijdr. tot Fl. Nederl. Ind. p. 528; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 399. . About ten species, inhabiting India, the Malayan Archipelago, and China, and the following doubtful one. 1. Engelhardtia oreomunnea, C. DC. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, xviii. p. 36, t. 5. fig. 50, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 142. Oreomunnea pterocarpa, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1856, p. 34, et 1870, p. 166, t. 2 (Oreamunoa). Costa Rica, between Naranjo and Tucuriqui, 4000 to 5000 feet (@rsted). Order CXXX. MYRICACE. Myricacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 400. This Order consists of a single genus of about thirty-five arboreous and shrubby species, very widely dispersed in temperate and warm regions, though hitherto no species has been found in Australia. 1. MYRICA. Myrica, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1107; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 400. 1. Myrica lindeniana, C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 150. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 9). Hb. Kew. 2. Myrica xalapensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p.10; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 150. Myrica polycarpa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 24), non H. B. K. South Mexico, Jalapa, 3000 to 4000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland; Linden, 10), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3500 feet (Galeotti, 77), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 3000 to 3500 feet (Galeotti, 76; Hartweg), Orizaba (Botteri, 880; Sallé); Guarema.a, Duefias (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. MYRICACEA. 165 (The Casuarina& are a small Order of one genus and twenty-three arboreous and shrubby species, most of which inhabit Australia and New Caledonia; four occur in the Malayan Archipelago, one of which has also a wide range in Tropical Asia, the Mascarene and Pacific Islands. | Order CXXXI. CUPULIFER. Cupulifere, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 402. Ten genera and about 400 arboreous and shrubby species, generally dispersed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and extending into the tropics as well as into the arctic regions; one genus only, Fagus, in the temperate and frigid regions of the southern hemisphere. Tribe I. BETULA. Betule, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pant. iii. p. 403. This tribe comprises two genera and about forty species. | 1. ALNUS. Alnus, Geertn. Fruct. ii. p. 54, t. 90; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 404. About fourteen species, widely spread in Europe, Central and Northern Asia, North America, and the Andes of South America; one of the European species also occurs in South Africa, where, however, it was accidentally introduced. 1. Alnus acuminata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 20; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 188. «. genuina, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 184; Mirbel in Mém. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Par. xiv. t. 22. Betula arguta, Schl. in Linnea, vii. p. 139. Alnus arguta, Spach in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xv. p. 205. South Mexico, Orizaba, 7000 to 10,000 feet (Linden, 1040; Liebmann), near San Miguel del Soldado, Naulingo, Acatlan, and Chiconquiaco (Schiede).—Prru. Hb. Kew. @. mirbelii, Regel, loc. cit. Alnus jorullensis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 52, non H. B. K. Sourn Mexico, near Zacualtipan (Hartweg).—Prru; Boutvia. Hb. Kew. 6. ferruginea, Regel, Monogr. p. 90, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 184; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 21 (species). Alnus rufescens, Liebm. MSS. Sour Mexico, Cerro de San Felipe (Liebmann); GuatTeMALa (Tirckheim); Panama, Boquete (Seemann).—Cotomsta to Bontvia. Hb. Kew. 166 CUPULIFERA. A very variable species, common in the mountains from North Mexico to Peru and Bolivia. In Kew herbarium there are numerous specimens from Mexico and Central America that are not referred to any particular variety. 2. Alnus jorullensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 20. «. typica, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 184, Sour Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at about 3700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), peak of Orizaba at 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann ; Schiede). B. castanezefolia, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 184; Mirbel in Mém. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Par. xiv. p. 463, t. 21 (species). Soutu Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimek, 404).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. Tribe Il. CORYLEA. Corylee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 403. Four genera and about twenty species in temperate regions all round the northern hemisphere. | 2. OSTRYA. Ostrya, Scop. Fl. Carn. p. 414; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 406. Two species, the second inhabiting the south of Europe and Western Asia. 1. Ostrya virginica, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 469; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 126. Carpinus ostrya, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.1417 (quoad syn. Amer.) ; Michx. Hist. Arbr. For. de Amér. Sept. ii. p. 54, non ic. Ostrya vulgaris, Wats. Dendr. t. 143. New Brunswick and Lake Winipee southward to FLorma.—Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 26), Orizaba (Bottert, 284, am) GuatEMALA, Volcan de Fuego at 6400 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. Tribe III. QUERCINEA. Quercinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 403. . Four genera and about 340 species, covering the whole area of the Order, except the colder northern regions where Birches and Alders are found. 3. QUERCUS. Quercus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1070; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 407. About 300 species, widely dispersed in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and extending southward in the mountains of Tropical America as far as Colombia, and CUPULIFERZ. 167 in Asia as far as the Malayan Archipelago. Altogether wanting in the rest of South America, in Africa, except the Mediterranean region, in the Mascarene Islands, in - Australasia, the Pacific Islands, and New Guinea. 1. Quercus acutifolia, Nee in Anal. Cienc, Nat. iii. p. 267; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p- 66; Liebm. Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. t. 13. Quercus furfuracea, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 189, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 12. figg. 2 et 3. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1966); Sourn. Mexico, Acapulco (Nee), Orizaba (Botteri), Yavesia, Oaxaca at 7500 feet (Liebmann); Guatemata (Warscewicz ; Skinner). Hb. Kew. p. bonplandi, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 66. Quercus acutifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 55, t. 95. SoutrH Mexico, between Mexico and Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). y. angustifolia, A. DC. loc. cit. Mexico (Thibaut); Guatemata (Warscewicz). 5. conspersa, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 66; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 91 (species) ; Liebm. Chénes de |’Amér. Trop. t. D et t. 12. fig. 1. Quercus nitida, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 3); Liebm. Chénes de |’Amér. Trop. t. 11. fig. 1. Sovuty Mexico, neighbourhood of Taretan and Uruapan, Michoacan 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 121); Guatemata, mountains of Las Casillas (Hartweg, 617), without locality (Warscewicz ; Skinner). Hb. Kew. . -e. longifolia, A. DC. loc. cit. p. 67; Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 185 (species), et Chénes de Amér. Trop. p. 26 (species). GuaTEMALa and Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. @. microcarpa, A. DC. loc. cit. GuateMaLa ( Warscewicz). 2. Quercus agrifolia, Nee in. Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 271; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 87; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 377; Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. vi. p. 157, cum ic. opt.; Nutt. Sylva, i. p. 5, t. 2. Quercus oxyadenia, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 178, t. 17. Orecon ; CaLIrorNiA.—Mexico (hb. Pavon). 3. Quercus aristata, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 444; DC. Prody. xvi. 2, p- 75; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 332. Norra Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1458); Sovrn Mexico, between San Blas and Tepic (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. | 168 CUPULIFER2. 4. Quercus barbinervis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2. p. 31; Liebm. Chénes de lAmér. Trop. t. E et t. 18. fig. 9. Sourn Mexico, Real del Monte (Hartweg, 427; Graham, 335). Hb. Kew. 5. Quercus benthami, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 29; Liebm. Chénes de VY Amér. Trop. t. 22. figg. 1, 2. Quercus undulata, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 81, non Torr. GUATEMALA, Santa Maria (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 6. Quercus bourg@i, CErst. in hb. Kew. (ubi pub.?). South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1013). Hb. Kew. 7. Quercus brachystachys, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 91; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 79; Liebm. Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. t. 2. fig. 1. GuaTEMALA, Cuesta de Mixco, near San Luis in the mountains of Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 618). Hb. Kew. 8. Quercus bumelioides, Liebm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 251; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 75; Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 26. Guaremata (Friedrichsthal); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 9. Quercus calophylla, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 79; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 65; Liebm. Chénes de P Amér. Trop. t. B et t. 1. Quercus alamo, Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 55 et 348. Quercus intermedia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 15). Quercus acuminata, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 10. Sour Mexico, Huasca (Hartweg), Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador, Totutla, and Alpatlahua at 7500 feet (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz and Chinantla 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 96 and 105), San Miguel del Soldado (Linden, 17). Hb. Kew. 10. Quercus candicans, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 277; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 75; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 7. fig. 4. South Mexico, Tixtala (Vee). 11. Quercus castanea, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 276; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p- 72; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 7. fig. 3, et t. 8. Quercus mucronata, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 436. Quercus tristis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 174, et Chénes de VAmér. Trop. p. 238. SoutH Mexico, Mirador and Yavesia (Ivebmann), between Ixmiquilpan and Zimapan (Nee); Guatemata (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. g. sublobata, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 72. GuatEMALa (Warscewicz). y: tridens, A. DC. loc. cit.; Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 56, t. 96 (species). Sourn Mexico, near Moran (Humboldt & Bonpland). CUPULIFERA. 169 8. glabrata, A. DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 72. Quercus mexicana, var. glabrata, Liebm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 332. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1974). Hb. Kew. e. Mexicana, A. DC. loc. cit.; Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 35, t. 82 (species). Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 839), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1976, 1977, 1978); Sours Mexico, Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 424, 1014, 1136), Chilpancingo, Moran, Regla (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 12. Quercus chrysophylla, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 42, t. 87; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. South Mexico, between Moran and Pachuca, at 7200 to 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 13. Quercus circinata, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 272, excl. var.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 26. | | South Mexico, between Tixtala and Chilpancingo (Nee); Cuesta de San Juan del Kstado (Liebmann). 14. Quercus citrifolia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Fordhandl. 1854, p. 187, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 26, t. E. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 9000 feet (Ersted). 15. Quercus confertifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 53, t. 94; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 74. SoutH Mexico, between Guanajuato and Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland). 16. Quercus cordata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 4); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. Soutn Mexico, Misteca Alta, 6000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 111). 17. Quercus corrugata, Hook. Ic. Pl. t.403; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 25; Liebm. Chénes de PAmér. Trop. t. 31. GuaTEMALA, Acatenango to Pasicia (Skinner), without locality (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 18. Quercus cortesii, Licbm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 175, et Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. t. C; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 29. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo, Vera Cruz, and Huitamalco, Puebla (Liebmann). 19. Quercus costaricensis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 184, Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 24. figg. 1-8; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 32. GuatemaLa (Warscewicz); Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Grsted), Cartago (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. z 170 CUPULIFERA. 20. Quercus crassifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 49, t. 91; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 56; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 18. figg. 1-4. Quercus rugosa, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 275? Quercus spinulosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 11). Sour Mexico, Chilpancingo (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Galeotti, 114); GuaTEMALA and Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 21. Quercus crassipes, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 37, t. 83; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 73. Quercus mexicana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56, non Humb. et Bonpl. Soura Mexico, near Santa Rosa and Ario (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tialpujahua (Hartweg, 431), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 424). Hb. Kew. 22. Quercus cuneifolia, Liebm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, p. 334; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76; Liebm. Chénes de l Amér. Trop. t. K. Quercus chinantlensis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 179. Nortu Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1456); Sourn Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 23. Quercus depressa, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. i. p. 50, t. 92; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 70; Liebm. Chénes de PAmér. Trop. t. 15. SoutH Mexico, Pelado de San Andres, 9000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann), mountains of Yavezia, 7500 feet (Galeotti, 106), mountains near Moran (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 24. Quercus dysophylla, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 837), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1969); South Mexico, mountains of Huasca (Hartweg, 421), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 99). Hb. Kew. 25. Quercus elliptica, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 278; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 71; Liebm. Chénes de PAmeér. Trop. t. 6. figg. 4-6. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1975); Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden), 1052), Sierra Pueblo Nuevo, near Acapulco (Hinds), Orizaba, 4000 to 6000 feet (Galeottz), near Zimapan and Tixtala (Nee). Hb. Kew. B. microcarpa, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 71; Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 184, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 26, t. 6. fig. 3 (species). Quercus perseefolia, Liebm. loc. cit. p. 188, et Chénes, p. 27. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Liebmann); Guatemata (Warscéewicz). 26. Quercus emoryl, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 152, t. 9; Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 206. Quercus pungens et Q. hastata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhand]. 1854, p. 171, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 22, t. 45. figg. 1-3; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 36. CUPULIFERA. 171 Texas; New Mexico; Arizona.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Schott), Chihuahua (Thurber). Hb. Kew. 27. Quercus eugenizefolia, Licbm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 185; Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. p. 26; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. GuaTeMALA and Costa Rica (Warscewicz). 28. Quercus excelsa, Licbm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 174, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 23, t. 30. figg. 3-8; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. Sout Mexico, Matlaluca, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 29. Quercus flavida, Licbm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 178, et Chénes de l-Amér. Trop. p. 24, t. 2. fig. 4; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 76. SoutH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla, 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 30. Quercus floccosa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 178, et Chénes de l Amér. Trop. p. 24, t. D; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 77. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann). 31. Quercus fulva, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 183, et Chénes de l Amér. Trop. p. 25, t. 2. fig. 3; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 333; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p.77. Nortn Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1973). Hb. Kew. 32. Quercus galeottii, Mart. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 12); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 26. | South Mexico, near Santiago de Huatusco, 2500 to 5000 feet (Galeottz, 126), San Bartolomé (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 33. Quercus gambelii, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Sc. Philad. n. ser. i. p. 179; Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 172 et t. 18, et Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 205; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 23. New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico? 34. Quercus germana, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 78; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 77; Liebm. Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. t. H et t. 37. fig. 1. Sout Mexico, near Jalapa, Vera Crnz (Schiede & Deppe ; Linden, 19). 35. Quercus ghiesbreghtii, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 5) ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 31; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 21. Sours Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 128), Totutla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. z2 172 -CUPULIFERZ. 36. Quercus glabrescens, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56, et p. 348, excl. syn.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 34. Sour Mexico, without locality, but probably from Real del Monte (Hartweg, 428), . Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. | B. integrifolia, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 35. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 37. Quercus glaucescens, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 29, t.78; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 77. Souta Mexico, between La Venta de la Mojonera and Acaguisotla (Humboudt é Bonpland). 38. Quercus glaucoides, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 31; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. H, et t. 34. figg. 1-9. Sout Mexico, Misteca Alta, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 103), Cerro de San Felipe (Lieb- mann). Hb. Kew. 39. Quercus grahami, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 57; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 78. SouTtH Mexico, without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. 40. Quercus grandis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 183, et Chénes de ?Amér. Trop. p. 25, t. 4. figg. 1, 2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 65. GuaTEMALA ( Warscewicz). 41. Quercus granulata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 186, et Chénes de l Amér. Trop. p. 26, t. E; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 70. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (@'rsted). 42. Quercus guatemalensis, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 78. Quercus turbinata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 186, et Chénes de ’ Amér. Trop. p. 26. GuaTEMALA ( Warscewicz). 43. Quercus insignis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 12); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 25; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. K, et tt. 28, 29. South Mexico, San Bartolomé (Liebmann), peak of Orizaba, 7000 to 9500 feet (Galeotti, 123, 124, 125). Hb. Kew. 44. Quercus jurgensenii, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 188, et Chénes de ?Amér. Trop. p. 27, t. 33. figg. 47-49; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 78. SoutH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann). CUPULIFER2. 173 45. Quercus leta, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 179, et Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. t. 37. fig. 2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 29; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 332. Quercus obtusata, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55, non Humb. et Bonpl. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1971); Sovura Mexico, Grande (Hartweg, 419). Hb. Kew. 46. Quercus lanceolata, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 34, t. 81; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 69; Liebm. Chénes de lAmér. Trop. t. C et t. 22. fig. 4. Soutn Mexico, between Moran and Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland). AT. Quercus lancifolia, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p.78; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 78. SoutH Mexico, near El Molino de la Pedreguera (Schiede & Deppe), Dos Puentes and San Bartolomé (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. . Liebmann’s specimens may belong to another species. 48. Quereus lanigera, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 8); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 73; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. E. SoutH Mexico, Misteca Alta &c., 6500 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 104). 49. Quercus laurina, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 32, t. 80; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 08. Souta Mexico, near Moran (Humboldt & Bonpland). Several other specimens are referred to this species in Kew herbarium. 50. Quercus laxa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 181, et Chénes de lAmér. Trop. p. 25, t. 37. fig. 3; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 28; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 333. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1967). Hb.-Kew. 51. Quercus leiophylla, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 71; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. K et t. 32. Soutu Mexico, Dos Puentes and San Bartolomé (Liebman), Hb. Kew. 52. Quercus linguefolia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 180, et Chénes de PAmér. Trop. p. 25, t. E; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 70. SourH Muxico, Cuesta de Lachopa, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 53. Quercus lutescens, Mart. et. Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 11); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 38. SoutH Mexico, around Mirador and Zacuapan (Galeotti, 91). 54. Quercus magnolizfolia, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 268; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 26. SoutH Mexico, between Chilpancingo and Tixtala (Wee). 174 CUPULIFERZ. B. lutea, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p.27; Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 269 (species). SovtH Mexico, with var. a (Wee). y. ?macrophylla, A. DC. loc. cit.; Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iil. p. 274 (species). Quercus resinosa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 182; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 333. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1972); Sour Mexico, near Tixtala (Wee). Hb. Kew. 55. Quercus microphylla, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 264; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 35. Quercus repanda, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55, non Humb. et Bonpl. Norti Mexico, Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus) ; Sours Mexico, Real del Monte ( Hartweg, 425), Montezuma, near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 645, 1007), near Guanajuato (Nee). Hb. Kew. 56. Quercus mollis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 8); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 78. Soutn Mexico, Misteca Alta, Oaxaca, 6500 to 7500 feet (Galeott:, 102). * 57. Quercus nectandrefolia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 175, et Chénes de lAmér. Trop. p. 23, t. 5; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 71. SourH Mexico, Mirador, Totutla, and San Bartolomé (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 58. Quercus nitens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 9); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 68; Liebm. Chénes de ?Amér. Trop. t. ii. figg. 2-6. Quercus commutata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 177. Quercus affints, Scheidw. in Hort. Belg. Oct. 1837, t. 17? SoutH Mexico, near Real del Monte at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 115), Vera Cruz (Linden, 21). Hb. Kew. 6. podocarpa, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 69; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 10. Quercus commutata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 177, pro parte. Soura Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. y. ocotezefolia, A. DC. loc. cit.; Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 176 (species), et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. E et t. 9. figg. 1-3. SoutH Mexico, Talea, Oaxaca, 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann). _§ major, A. DC. loc. cit.; Liebm. Chénes de Amér. Trop. t. ii. figg. 7-12. Sout Mexico, Alpatlahua, 7500 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. e. Subintegra, A. DC. loc. cit. Quercus lancifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55, non Cham. et Schl. SoutH Mexico, Zacualtipan (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. CUPULIFERZ. — 175 59. Quercus oaxacana, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 178, et Chénes de lAmér. Trop. p. 24, t. 23; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 79. Quercus lanceolata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 5), non Humb. et Bonpl. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 2800 feet (Galeotti, 108). Hb. Kew. 60. Quercus obtusata, Humb. et Bonp]. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 26, t. 76; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 27. Quercus affinis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 14). South Mexico, near Ario (Humboldt & Bonpland), between Mirador and Zacuapan, 2500 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 90). g. pandurata, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 27; Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 28, t. 77 (species). Sours Mexico, near Ario (Humboldt & Bonpland). y. hartwegi, A. DC. loc. cit.; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56 (species); Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. I. Quercus ambigua, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 51, t. 93, non Michx. Quercus bonplandiana, Sweet, ex Steud. Bot. Nomencl. Quercus nudinervis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 182; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 334. North Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1457); Sourh Mexico, Tuspan, near Anganguio (Hartweg), near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 644), Tula to Tampico (Berlandier), Hb. Kew. 61. Quercus omissa, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 28; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 18. figg. 5-8. | Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1969). Hb. Kew. This is named Q. dysophylla in Kew herbarium. 62. Quercus orizabee, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 189; Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 27; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 79. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba, 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 63. Quercus polymorpha, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 78; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 28; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 38. Quercus petiolaris, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55, et p. 348. Quercus varians, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 7). Quercus tuberculata, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 181; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 382. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1970); Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Chilotepec (Linden, 15), near Bolatios (Hartweg), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2800 feet (Galeotti, 92), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1747, 1597). Hb. Kew. 176 CUPULIFER. 64. Quercus pulchella, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 44, t. 88; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 34. Sovrn Mexico, between Guanajuato and Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland). 65. Quercus repanda, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 31, t.79; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 35. Sout Mexico; between Real del Monte and Moran (Humboldt & Bonpland). 66. Quercus reticulata, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 40, t. 86 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 33; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 34. figg. 10-16 (var. crassifolia), et t. 35, figg. 15-22. Quercus spicata, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. u. p. 46, t. 89; Liebm. loc. cit. t. 35. figg. 1-14. Quercus decipiens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 7). South Mexico, Cerro de las Nabujas and between Guanajuato and Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland), Yavezia, Oaxaca, and peak of Orizaba at 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann), peak of Orizaba at 3500 to 5000 feet, and near Mirador at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 131), Tlalpujahua (Hartweg), near San Angel, Cuantepec, and San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 272, 1184, 1142). Hb. Kew. B. greggil, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 34. Nort Mexico, Saltillo (Gregq). . 67. Quercus rugulosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2); DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 74. SouTs Mexico, near Real del Monte (Galeotti, 116). 68. Quercus salicifolia, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 265; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 830; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 20. fig. 3. SourH Mexico, near Acapulco (Nee), Oaxaca (Liebmann)? Hb. Kew. 69. Quercus sapotzfolia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 185, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 26;. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 79. SourH Mzxico, Huatusco (Ghiesbreght, 119); Guaremata, Cuesta de Incensio (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 70. Quercus sartorii, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 177; Chénes de ?Amér. Trop. p. 24, t. B et t. 19; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 30. SourH Mexico, near Totutla and Alpatlahua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Sierra Zongolica (Bottert, 952). Hb. Kew. 71. Quercus scytophylla, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 180; Chénes de lAmér. Trop. p. 24, t. 17; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 57. SoutH Mexico, between San Pedro Nolasco and Castresana, Oaxaca, at 7500 feet (Liebmann). Ub. Kew. CUPULIFERA, 177 72. Quercus seemannii, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 188, et Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. p. 26, t. 20. figg. 1,2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 30; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 251. Panama, Veraguas (Bridges ; Seemann, 1228). Hb. Kew. 73. Quercus segoviensis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 186, et Chénes de ?Amér. Trop. t. I, p. 26; DC. Prodr, xvi. 2, p. 79. Nicaragua, near Segovia (rsted). 74. Quercus serra, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 174, et Chénes de PAmér. Trop. t. B, p. 23; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 80. SoutH Mexico, between Huitamalco and Tiuzutlan, Puebla (Liebmann). 75. Quercus sideroxyla, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 39, t. 85; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 58. Sour Mexico, near Villalpanda and Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland). 76. Quercus skinneri, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 90; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 64; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 402; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. B, et t. 3. South Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann); GuatTeMaLa, Acatenango, Medio Monte, and Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 615; Skinner; Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 77. Quercus sororia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 175, et Chénes de ’Amér. Trop. p. 23, t. 6. figg. 1-2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 80. SovtH Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 78, Quercus splendens, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 275; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 97; Liebm. Chénes de lAmér. Trop. t. 9. figg. 6-7. Quercus stipularis, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 47, t. 90. South Mexico, near Tixtala (Nee), Los Organos de Octopan (Humboldt & Bonpland). 6. pallidior, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 57. Quercus crassifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56, non Humb. et Bonpl. South MExico, around Real del Monte (Hartweg), Perote (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 79. Quercus strombocarpa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 176, et Chénes de l Amér. Trop. p. 24, t. 27; DC. Prod. xvi. 2, p. 25. SoutH Mexico, San Bartolomé (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 80. Quercus tlalpuxahuensis, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 29. Quercus salicifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 56, non Nee. Soutn Mexico, Tlalpujahua (Hartweg, 430; Graham, 336). Hb. Kew. 81. Quercus tomentosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 437; DC. Prodr. xvi 2, p. 33. Quercus peduncularis, Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 270. Quercus callosa, Benth. P]. Hartw. p. 91. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., January 1883. | 2a 178 -CUPULIFERZ. «. communis, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. p. 33; Liebm. Chénes de I’Amér. Trop. t. I, et t. 33. figg. 10-18. | . | Sovran Mexico, Comitan (Hartweg), near Mirador and Consoquitla (Liebmann) ; GuaTEeMALA (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 6. bullata, A. DC. loc. cit. | Souta Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 20) ; GuaTEMALA (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. y. diversifolia, A. DC. loc. cit.; Nee in Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. p. 270 (apecies) Sourn Mexico, between Chalma and Santa Rosa (Nee). 8. abbreviata, A. DC. loc. cit. GuateMaLa and Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 82. Quercus totutlensis, A. DC. Prodr. xvi.2, p.62; Liebm. Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. t. 16. Sourn Mexico, Totutla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 83. Quercus virens, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, iii. p. 356; DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 87; Michx. Chénes, tt. 10 et 11; Liebm. Chénes de Amer. Trop. t. 33. figg. 50-57, S- et t. 43. Quercus oleoides, Cham. et Schl. in Linnza, v. p. 79. Quercus retusa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 187, et Chénes de VAmér. Trop. p. 26. Quercus cubana, A. Rich. in Ram. de la Sagra, Fl. Cub. iii. p. 230. VIRGINIA southward to Firoripa and Trexas.—NortH Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier, 1406); Sovurh Mexico, Jalapa, at 2800 feet (Galeotti, 91 & 98), Mirador (Liebmann), Montecinos (Linden, 24), Totutla and Jicaltepec (Liebmann) ; GUATEMALA (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica (Warscewicz).—Cupa. Hb. Kew. 84. Quercus warscewiczii, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 187, et Chénes de l’Amér. Trop. p. 26, t. 30. figg. 1-2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p- 65; Seem. Bot, Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 252. Quercus oocarpa, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854, p. 184, et Chénes de VAmeér. Trop. p. 25. GuaTeMALA and Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Boquete “Veraguas (Seemann, 1230, 1572). Hb. Kew. 85. Quercus wislizenii, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 67. Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua, near Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus). 86. Quercus xalapensis, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 24, t. 75; DC. Prodr. xvi, 2, p. 64; Liebm. Chénes de lAmér. Trop. t. 4. figg. 3-11. South Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 18; Liebmann), Jalapa (Humboldt & Bonpland, Galeotti), Huatusco ( Ghiesbreght); GuaTemaLa or Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. SALICINEA, 179 Series VIII. ORDINES ANOMALI. Order CXXXII. SALICINEZ. Salicinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 411. Trees and shrubs. Two genera and, according to different botanists, from 150 to 200 or even 300 species, generally dispersed in the north temperate and frigid regions, rarer within the tropics, both north and south ;. one occurs in South Africa; and one of the American species extends southward to Chili. The Order is altogether unrepre- sented in Australasia, the Malayan Archipelago, and the Pacific Islands. 1. SALIX. Saliz, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1098; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 411; Anders. in DC. Prodr. | xvi. 2, p. 191. This genus covers the whole area of the Order. Species about 160, according to Andersson. 1. Salix bonplandiana, Kunth in H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i il. p. 24, tt. 101 et 102; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 200.. Soutn Mexico, near Moran, Cabrera, Omitlan, and Pachuca, 7600 to 8100 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 918), Antigua, Vera Cruz (Linden, 11), Tehuacan at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 67), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 423; Schaffner, 907). Hb. Kew. B. pallida, Anders. Monogr. Sal. p. 18, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 200; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 25 (species). Soura Mexico, between Venta de Acaguisotla and Mazatlan (Humboldt & Bonpland). 2. Salix cana, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 4). _ Sout Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 69). This, as well as the other species described by the same authors, was not taken up by Andersson; but they are probably all reducible to previously established species. 3. Salix humboldtiana, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 657; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 22, tt. 99 et 100; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 199 (varietates). Salix oxyphylla et S. falcata, H. B. K. loc. cit. pp. 23 et 24. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 841)? Sourn Mexico, near Chilpanci ingo (Humboldt & Bonpland), banks of rivers near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 66).—CoLomsia to SourH Brazit and Cuiul, and in the West InDins. Hb. Kew. 2a2 180 SALICINEA. 4. Salix hartwegi, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 52. Sour Mrxico, Anganguio (Hartweg, 390), Real del Monte and Moran at 7500 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 73). Hb. Kew. Andersson (in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 236) doubtingly reduces this to S. humilis, Marsh., a species having a wide range in North America. 5. Salix latifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 4). Soura Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 12,000 feet ( Galeotti, 70). Apparently not taken up by Andersson in De Candolle’s ‘ Prodromus.’ 6. Salix nigra, Marsh. Arbust. Amer. p. 293. 3%. wrightii, Anders. Monogr. Sal. p. 22, et in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 201, et in Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1858, p. 115 (species). ‘Norra Mexico, near Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua (Wright, 1877) ; Sours Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 307). Hb. Kew. This species, of which Andersson distinguishes four varieties, ranges from CanaDa to Fioripa and TExas. 7. Salix paradoxa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 25. Soury Mexico, near Moran, at about 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Gasimalpa (Schaffner)? 8. Salix stipulacea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 3). Sourn Mexico, banks of the Rio Grande de Mextitlan, near the district of Real del Monte, at 4500 feet (Galeotti, 75). See remarks under S. cana. | 9. Salix taxifolia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 22; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 219. Salix microphylla, Cham. et Schl. in Linnza, vi. p. 354; Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 310, t. 70. Texas; New Mexico; Catirornta?—NortaH Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts); Souri Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 68), region of Orizaba (Miller, 917; Bilimek, 402), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1410), along the torrents of San Cornelio (Hartweg, 391), sandbanks of the Tecoluta near San Pablo (Schiede & Deppe) ; GUATEMALA, on the river Pinula, on the road from Guatemala to Amatitlan (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 2. POPULUS. Populus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1123; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 412. About twenty species, inhabiting Europe, Asia, and North America. 1. Populus balsamifera, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1464; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 329 (varietates); Nouv. Duham. ii. t. 50. CaNADA southward.—NortH Mexico, on the Mimbres, within the old boundary (Bigelow). Also in Centran Asia. Hb. Kew. SALICINEE. 181 2. Populus canadensis, Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. y. angustifolia, Wesm. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 329; James in Long’s Exped. i, p. 497 (species) ; Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, ii. p. 249; Nutt. Sylva, i. t. 16; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 204. OREGON southward.—NortH Mexico, on the Mimbres,. within the old boundary (Bigelow). Hb. Kew. The other varieties of this species have a wide range in North America, 3. Populus mexicana, Wesm. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 328. SoutH Mexico, road from Puebla to Real del Monte (Berlandier). Parry and Palmer collected specimens of two species of Populus in the region of San Luis Potosi, one of which may be this species. | Order CXXXIII. LACISTEMACEZ. Lacistemacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 412. A monotypical Order of shrubs and small trees inhabiting Tropical America. 1. LACISTEMA. Lacistema, Sw. Prodr. p. 12, et Fl. Ind. Occ. ii. p. 1091, t. 21; Benth. et Hook. Gen, Plant. iii. p. 413, | Sixteen species are enumerated, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil, and most numerous in the last country. 1. Lacistema myricoides, Sw. Prodr. p. 12, et Fl. Ind. Occ. ii. p. 1093, t. 21; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 591; Schnizl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. 1, p. 282, t. 81. fig. 3. South Mexico, Mirador and Tlapacoyo (Liebmann); GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal) : Nicaragua (Tate, 353); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 282).—CoLomBia to Perv and Brazib and in the West Inpizes. Hb. Kew. [The Emperraces are a small Order of four dwarf shrubby species, referred to three genera. With the exception of one species in South-western Europe and the Azores, they are North-American; and one of them (Empetrum nigrum, L.) has a wide range in the arctic and alpine regions of the northern hemisphere, reappearing in the Andes of South America, and extending to Tierra del Fuego and Tristan d’Acunha. | Order CXXXIV. CERATOPHYLLEZ. Ceratophyllee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p, 415. A monotypic Order of aquatic herbs. 182 CERATOPHYLLEZ. 1. CERATOPHYLLUM. Ceratophyllum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1065; Benth. et Hook. Gen, Plant. iii. p. 415. _ Two species or distinct varieties, divided into eight or ten by some authors, united into one by others. . peer hk a 1. Ceratophyllum demersum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1409; DC. Prodr. iii. p. 73 ; Cham. in Linnea, iv. p. 504; Schnizl. Iconogr. ii. t. 83. In fresh water nearly all over the world, including Mexico and CENTRAL Awnrtoa. Hb. Kew. GYMNOSPERMEZ. Order CXXXV. GNETACEZ. Gnetacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 417. This Order comprises the singular Welwitschia mirabilis, Hook. f., and the genera Gnetum and Ephedra. Of these there are about forty shrubby and arboreous species, widely spread in the tropics, rarer in temperate regions. Gnetum itself is represented by several species in tropical South America. 1. EPHEDRA. Ephedra, Linn. Mant. p. 18. n. 1278; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 419. About thirty species have been déscribed; but some of them were founded on very slight characters. They inhabit the south of Europe, temperate and subtropical Asia, and extratropical and Andine America, extending southward to Chili and Buenos Ayres. 1, Ephedra antisyphilitica, Berland., ex C. A. Mey. Monogr. Ephedr. p. 101; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 354; Torr. Bot. U.S _& Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 207. Texas to CaLirornia.—Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1289), Rinconado Pass, Coahuila (Thurber), between Mapimi and Guajaquilla, Durango (Gregg). Hb. Kew. 2. Ephedra, sp. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 855). Hb. Kew. © 8. Ephedra, sp., Torr. in Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 208. Norra Mexico, Oja de Vaca (Thurber). 4, Ephedra, sp. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 1288). Hb. Kew. CONIFER, oo 183 Order OXXXVI CONIFER A, Conifere, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. | iii. p. 420. Trees and shrubs. Thirty-two genera, comprising about 300 species, for the greater. part inhabiting temperate and mountainous regions, both in the north and in the south, often forming large forests; rarer in the tropics and in the frigid regions. - Tribe I. CUPRESSINE. Cupressinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iu. p. 421. Seven genera, with about seventy-five species, scattered over nearly the whole area of the order, except the tropics. a, . 1. CUPRESSUS. Cupressus, ‘Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1079 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. lil. p. 427. This genus numbers about twelve arboreots and shrubby species, inhabiting South-. eastern Europe, Temperate Asia, and North America, Mexico included. 1. Cupressus benthami, Endl. Synop. Conif. p. 59; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 472. Cupressus thurifera, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 57. n. 434, et Schl. in Linnea, xii. p. 493, non H. B. K. Cupressus excelsa, Schott, ex Carr. Conif. p. 128; Gord. Pinet. p. 58. Cupressus ehrenbergii, Kze. in Linnea, xx. p. 16? | Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2001), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust) ; SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3258), Chinantla, Puebla at 7500 feet (Liebmann), Banco (Hartweg, 434) ; Guaremana (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 2. Cupressus lindleyi, Kl. in Endl. Synop. Conif. p. 59; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 471. Cupressus thurifera, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, ex Benth, Pl. Hartw. p. 57. n. 437. Cupressus knightiana, Perry, ex Gord. Pinet. p. 61. Cupressus coulteri, Forbes, Pinet. Woburn. p. 190? Cupressus karwinskiana, Regel, Gartenfl. 1857, p. 346. Nora Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2000); Sourn Mexico, between Tlalpujahua ; and Anganguio (Hartweg, 437), without locality (Bates ; Bilimek), Tacubaya (Bourgeau), Toluca (Heller). Hb. Kew. | 3. Cupressus thurifera, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii, p. 3; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p- 478. Cupressus uhdeana, Gord. Pinet. p. 71 ? Chamecyparis thurifera, Endl. Synop. Conif. p. 62. Soutn Mexico, Tasco and Tehuilotepec at 5500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), moun- tains of Orizaba and Real del Monte at 6000 to 7000 feet (Uhde). Hb. Kew. 184 CONIFER. 2. JUNIPERUS. Juniperus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1184; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 427. About twenty-five shrubby and arboreous species, widely spread in the temperate and frigid regions of the northern hemisphere, and extending to the mountains within the tropics. . 1. Juniperus flaccida, Schl. in Linnea, xii. p. 495 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 492. Juniperus fetida 0. flaccida, Spach in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xvi. p. 300. Sabina flaccida, Antoine, Conif. tt. 49 et 50. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre, Coahuila (Palmer, 1294), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 853); Soura Mexico, Regla 6000 to 8000 feet (Hartweg, 435; Ehrenberg), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1419), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 10), Rio de las Vueltas, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1593), Atotonilco el Chico (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 2. Juniperus mexicana, Schiede in Linnea, v. p. 77, et xii. p. 494; Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 491. Juniperus deppeana, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, p. 835. Juniperus gigantea, Roezl, Cat. p. 8; Gord. Pinet. p. 122. Sabina mexicana, Antoine, Conif. p. 38, t. 51, et S. gigantea, ead. ibid. p. 36, tt. 48 et 50. Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Wiéslizenus), Sierra Madre (Seemann ex Parlatore) ; Sovrn Mexico, Llanos de Perote (Schiede & Deppé), Mineral del Monte 8000 to 10,000 feet (Ehrenberg), Real del Monte (Hartweg, 433), near Tenancingo 7000 to 8000 feet (Roezl). Hb. Kew. 3. Juniperus pachyphlea, Torr. in Whipple’s Rep. p. 142, et Bot. U.S. & . Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 210; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 490. New Mexico.—Norri Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (ex Torrey). 4. Juniperus tetragona, Schl. in Linnea, xii. p. 495; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 491. Cupressus sabinoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 3. Juniperus mexicana, Spreng. Syst. Veg. m1. p. 909. Sabina tetragona, Antoine, Conif. p. 40, t. 58. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre, Coahuila (Palmer, 1295; Seemann, 2001, in part), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 851, 852); Sourta Mexico, peak of Orizaba, limits of vegetation, 12,000 to 14,000 feet (Galeotti, 11; Liebmann ; Linden, 6), between Real del Monte and Chico (Hartweg, 436), Acapulco (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 5. Juniperus virginiana, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1471; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 488. North America from Canada to Texas and Florida—South Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bilimek, 397)? Hb. Kew. CONIFER. 185 Tribe IL. TAXODIEA. Taxodiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 422. | Five genera and about a dozen species, inhabiting North America, China and Japan, and Tasmania. 3. TAXODIUM. Taxodium, L. C. Rich. in Ann. Mus, Par. xvi. p. 298, et Conif. p. 1438, t. 10; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 429. . Three arboreous species, one of which inhabits the south-eastern States of N. America, and is very closely allied to the Mexican. The third, a native of China, is imperfectly known. 1. Taxodium mucronatum, Ten. Osserv. su di una Pianta Conif. del genre Taxod. tt. 1 et 2; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 441. Taxodium distichum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 4, non Rich.; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 335. Taxodium montezume, Dene. in Bull. Soc. Bot. de France, i. p. 71. Taxodium mexicanum, Carr. Conif. p. 147. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 850), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 2002), Coahuila and Nuevo Leon (Berlandier); Sourn Mexico, Chapultepec &c. (Humboldt & Bonpland), Misteca Alta at 7000 feet, and plain of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5), Santa Maria, valley of Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 237), diffused over the whole tableland near streams and rivers (Seemann). Hb. Kew. Tribe III. TAXES. Taxew, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 422. Six genera and about twenty species, inhabiting the north and south temperate regions and the Malayan archipelago. 4, TAXUS. | Taxus, Linn, Gen. Plant. n. 1185; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 431. About six or eight species, or varieties of one species, widely dispersed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. 1. Taxus globosa, Schl. in Linnea, xii. p. 476; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 501. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg), without locality (Sal/é), Vera Cruz (Linden). Hb. Kew. [Tribe IV. Popocarpra and V. ARAUCARIEa are not known to be represented within our limits, though the genus Podocarpus, which is generally dispersed in the tropics, including the West Indies and South America, from Brazil and Peru to Venezuela and Colombia, may be expected to occur in the southern provinces. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 26 186 CONIFER. Tribe IV. ABIETINEA. Abietinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 423. This tribe comprises about 120 species, referred to seven genera. ‘They are restricted to the northern hemisphere. 5. PINUS. Pinus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1077, pro parte ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 438. There are about seventy species, generally spread in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and extending to the mountains of the tropics in Eastern Asia, the West Indies, and Central America. The Mexican species are still very imperfectly known. 1. Pinus arizonica, Engelm. in Rothr. Bot. Arizona, p. 260. Arizona.—NortH Mexico, mountains of Santa Rita, within the old boundary. 2. Pinus ayacahuite, Ehrenb. in Linnea, xii. p. 492; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 406. Pinus strobiformis, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 18. Pinus don pedri, P. hamata, P. veitchii et P. popocatepetlii, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. pp. 31-33. Pinus buonapartea, P. colorado et P. durangensis, Roezl, Gord. Pinet. p. 218, et Suppl. p. 75. Pinus loudoniana, Gord. Pinet. p. 230. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Roezl), Cosiquiriachi (Wislizenus) ; SourH Mexico, Popocateptl 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Roezl), Real del Monte, Oaxaca and Chiapas (Ehrenberg), without locality (Uhde); GuaTEMALA, without locality (Godman & Salvin), Quezaltenango &c. (ex Gordon). Hb. Kew. 3. Pinus cembroides, Zucc. Pl. Nov. fasc. i. p. 392; Flora, 1832, ii. Beibl. p- 93; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 397; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 58; Gord. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 236, cum ic. xylogr. Pinus fertilis, Roezl, ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. p. 76. Pinus Ilaveana, Schiede in Linnea, xii. p. 488; Antoine, Conif. p. 36, t. 16. fig. 1; Forbes, Pinet. Woburn. p. 49, t. 17; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 208, t. 53. Pinus osteosperma, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 5. Norta Mexico, Saltillo (Gregg), Buena Vista and about Saltillo ( Waslizenus), Sierra Madre (Seemann), region of San Luis Potosi at 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 846) ; Souts Mexico, Zimapan (Hartweg), between Zimapan and Real del Oro at 8000 to 10,000 feet (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 4, Pinus chihuahuana, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 19; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 397; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 21. Nortu Mexico, Chihuahua at about 7000 feet (Wislizenus ; Wright), Ub. Kew. 5. Pinus edulis, Engelm. Bot. Wisliz. Exped. p. 4; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 398 ; Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 173, t. 20; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 208. Pinus fremontiana, Gord. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 293, cum ic. xylogr. non Endl. ex Torr. loc. cit. CONIFERZ. 187 Texas; Cotorapo; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua (Wright). Hb. Kew. 6. Pinus engelmanni, Carr. Conif. p. 356; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 21. Pinus macrophylla, Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. p. 103, non Lindl. Nortu Mexico, mountains of Cosiquiriachi ( Wislizenus). 7. Pinus filifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. n. 132; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 400; Antoine, Conif. p. 47; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 20. Pinus skinneri, Forbes, et P. jostii, Roezl, ex Gord. Pinet. p. 223. GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 8. Pinus flexilis, James in Long’s Exped. ii. p. 27; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 403; Gord. Pinet. p. 224; Engelm. in Rothr. Bot. Ariz. p. 256. British CoLomBia southward to Arizona and New Mexico.—Norti Mexico. 9. Pinus greggii, Engelm. ex Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 396. Nort Mexico, Saltillo (Gregq). 10. Pinus hartwegii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, p. 62. n. 95; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 899; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 21 sub P. montezuma. Pinus ehrenbergii et P. rudis, Endl. Synop. Conif. p. 151; Carr. Conif. p. 311. Pinus montezume, Gord. Pinet. p. 232, non Lamb. Pinus lowii, P. robusta, P. endlicheriana, P. longifolia, P. hartwegii, P. scoparia, P. iztacihuatli, P. resinosa, P. standishii, P. amecaensis, P. aculcensis, P. papeleui, P. atrovirens, P. corru- gata, P. frondosa, P. geitneri, P. krelagi, P. suffruticosa et P. tlamacaensis, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp. 71-86. South Mexico, mountains of Campanario, 9000 feet (Hartweg), Real del Monte (Ehrenberg), Popocatepetl and Iztacihualt 13,000 to 14,000 feet (Roezl), Cofre de Perote (Bourgeau). Hb. Kew. | 11. Pinus lambertiana, Dougl. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p.500; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 406; Antoine, Conif. p. 41, t. 19. CoLUMBIA RIvER to the confines of Mxxico. 12. Pinus lawsoni, Roezl, ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. p. 64. Mexico, from the higher mountains. 13. Pinus leiophylla, Schiede et Deppe in Linnea, vi. p. 354, et xii. p. 490; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 401; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 336; Engelm..Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 20. Pinus gracilis, P. comonfortii, P. huisquilucaensis, P. verrucosa, P. monteallegri, P. decandolleana, P. dependens et P. cedrus, Roezi, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp. 71-86. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1960, 1962), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 845); Sours Mexico, Anganguio (Hartweg, 441), peak of Orizaba 7000 to 9000 feet (Linden, 2), Oaxaca at 5000 feet (Galeotti), forests of the Desierto Viejo and San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 905, 1016), Pedregal and Cafiada de Tizapan (Christy), Chinautla, Puebla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 262 188 CONIFERZ. 14. Pinus montezumez, Lamb. Pin. ed. 1, iii. p. 149, t. 64, et ed. 2, 1. p. 23, t. 22; DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 398; Carr. Conif. p. 317.; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 20. Pinus occidentalis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 4, et Cham. et Schl. m Linnea, v. p. 76, non Swartz. Pinus devoniana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 62, n. 96; Endl. Synop. Conif. p. 153; Gord. Pinet. p. 221. Pinus russelliana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 63. n. 97; Antoine, Conif. p. 49; Carr. Conif. p. 314. Pinus pseudostrobus, Gord. Pinet. p. 237, non Lindl. Pinus tenangensis, P. soulangeana, P. troubezkoiana, P. grandis, P. elegans, P. boothiana, P. spi- nosa, P. rumeliana, P. boucheana, P. van geertii, P. northumberlandiana, P. sanrafaeliana, P. keteleerii, P. dolleriana, P. van houttei, P. paxtoni, P. thibaudiana, P. haageana, P. hen- dersonii, P. valida, P. monstrosa, P. nesselrodiana, P. coarctata, P. bullata, P. thelemanni, P. horizontalis, P. rubescens, P. ortgiesiana, P. rinzii, P. angulata, P. aztecaensis, P. zacat- lane, P. michoacaensis, P. magnifica, P. ocampti, P. zitacuaria, P. verschaffeltii, P. nitida, P. tomacocaensis, P. pawlikowskiana, P. ocote, P. leroyi et P. cornea, Roezl, Cat. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp. 71-86, et Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 399. Norta Mexico, mountains near Chihuahua (Potts), Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1454) ; Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Linden,4; Galeotti, 3), Chinantla, Puebla (Ziebmann), very frequent in equinoctial Mexico, between 3500 and 12,000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), mountains of Popocatepetl and Morelia and near Zitacuaro (Roezl), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau), near Real del Monte &c. (Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. g. macrophylla, Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 399; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 63. n. 98 (species). Pinus wincesteriana, Gord. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. ii. p. 158, cum ic. xylogr., et P. grenvillee, Gord. loc. cit. p. 77, cum ic. xylogr. Pinus gordcniana, Hartw. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. ii. p. 7, cum ic. xylogr. Pinus backhousiana, P. retracta et P. neplusultra, Roezl, Cat. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp- 71-86, et Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 399. Sourn Mexico, Cerro de San Juan, near Tepic (Hartweg), on the “ Ocotillo” (Hartwegq). y. lindleyana, Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 899; Gord. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. p. 215, et Pinet. p. 229 (species). Pinus richardiana, P. planchoni, P. inflexa, P. wilsoni et P. decaisneana, Roezl, Cat. Conif. Mex. ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp. 71-86, et Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 399. ~ Sours Mexico, near Sumate (sec. Gordon), Pachuca (Roezl), without locality (Lhren- berg), Ajusca at 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Hartweg). 15. Pinus oocarpa, Schiede in Linnea, xii. p. 491; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 401; Antoine, Conif. p. 38, t. 17. fig. 2; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 25. Sour Mexico, common between Ario and Volcan de Jorullo (Schiede), Yavezia, Oaxaca, and Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. CONIFER. 189 16. Pinus patula, Schiede et Deppe in Linnea, xii. p. 488; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 897; Antoine, Conif. p. 35, t. 16. fig. 2; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 58; Engelm. Rev. Gen. Pinus, p. 23. Pinus subpatula, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. p. 84. Nortn Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1961) ; Sourn Mexico, Malpays de la Joya and Las Cruces, between Lerma and Toluca (Schiede & Deppe), near Real del Monte (Hartweq), peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Galeotti), Cumbre de Talea, Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann), Orizaba at 12,000 feet (Heller). Hb. Kew. 17. Pinus pinceana, Gord. Pinet. ed. 2, p. 280. Sour Mexico, Hacienda del Potrero in the Barranca de Mestitlan (Ghiesbreght, 34), Cuernavaca 8000 to 9000 feet (Ehrenberg). This is not taken up by Parlatore. 18. Pinus ponderosa, Dougl. in Lond. Arbor. p. 2243. fige. 2132, 2137; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 395; Forbes, Pinet. Woburn. t. 15; Antoine, Conif. p. 28, t. 8. fig. 3. Pinus engelmannii, Torr. Bot. Whipple’s Rep. p. 141. OreEGon and Catirornta to Cotorapo, New Mexico, and Arizona.—Norta Mexico ? 19. Pinus pseudostrobus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 63. n. 98; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 401. Pinus orizabe, Gord. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 237, cum ic. xylogr. Pinus hoseriana, P. tzompoliana, P. escandoniana, P. prasina, P. protuberans, P. heteromorpha et P. regeliana, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex., ex Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 402. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeav, 2815 ; Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 90. Pinus tenuifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 92; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 400; Gord. Pinet. p. 240; Endl. Conif. p. 155. GuavremaLa, Chinautla, near Guatemala, and at the summit of the Chuacas range, near Salama (Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 21. Pinus teocote, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 76, et xii. p.487; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 396; Antoine, Conif. p. 35, t. 16. fig. 3. Pinus vilmorinii, P. besseriana, P. microcarpa, P. miilleriana, P. hugelii, P. galocote et P. inter- posita, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex., ex Gord. Pinet. Suppl. pp. 71-86, et Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 396. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 844); Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg), Cerro de San Felipe, near Oaxaca, and Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 6. PSEUDOTSUGA. Pseudotsuga, Carr. Conif. ed. 2, p. 254, et Rev. Hort. 1868, p. 152, cum ic. col.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 441. A monotypic genus. 190 CONIFERA. 1. Pseudotsuga douglasii, Carr. Conif. ed. 2, p. 256. Pinus douglasii, Sab. ex Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 480; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 162, t. 183. Abies douglasii, Lindl. in Penny Cyclop. i. p.32; Forbes, Pinet. Woburn. t. 45 ; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 57. _ Tsuga douglasii, Carr. Conif. ed. 1, p. 192. Tsuga lindleyana, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex. p. 8. Pseudotsuga lindleyana, Carr. Rev. Hort. 1868, p. 152, cum ie. col. Oregon to New Mexico.—MeExico, near Moran (Hartweg, 439), Real del Monte (Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. 7. ABIES. Abies, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 414, pro parte ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 441. About eighteen species widely dispersed in the northern hemisphere, chiefly in extratropical mountainous regions. 1. Abies religiosa, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 77. Pinus religiosa, H. B. K., et P. hirtella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 5; Antoine, Conif. p. 75, t. 28. fig. 2; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 335. Abies hirtella, Lindl. in Penny Cyclop. ; Carr. Conif. p. 208. Picea hirtella, Loud., et P. religiosa, Loud. Arbor. Brit. iv. p. 2349. | Abies glaucescens et A. tlapalcatudo, Roezl, Cat. Grain. Conif. Mex. 1858-59, ex Parlat. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 420. Picea glaucescens, Gord. Pinet. p. 149. Norro Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1963), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 847); Sourn Mexico, forest of the Desierto Viejo (Bour- geau, 1143), peak of Orizaba at 9000 to 10,500 feet (Linden, 3), Campanario (Hartweg), Real del Monte (Christy), between Mazatlan and Chilpancingo at about 4000 feet, and near El Guarda, between Guchilaca and the city of Mexico at about 8400 feet (Hum- boldt & Bonpland). Order CXXXVII. CYCADACE. (By W. T. THISELTON DYER, F.R.S.) Cycadacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 443. Nine genera are referred to this Order, and the number of species is estimated at about seventy-five. They are concentrated in the tropics of both worlds, and in temperate South Africa and Australia. There is an outlying endemic species in the Southern United States, and another in the Japanese and contiguous islands. None of the three New-World genera are represented in the other hemisphere. In Skand. Naturf. Forhandl. iv. 1844, pp. 204 et 214, the title merely is given of a paper by F. Liebmann, “Abbildninger af 4 nye Mexicanske Cycadeer.” Of this paper I have not found any other trace. But by the kindness of Prof. Lange of Copenhagen, I have been allowed to examine Liebmann’s specimens and the elaborate drawings CYCADACEA, 191 which he had prepared from them. The four species (which he discovered in 1841) were Dioon edule (two forms), Ceratozamia mexicana, and) Zamia lerboldii. 1. DIOON. Dioon, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 59 (Dion). Platyzamia, Zucc. in Abhandl. bayer. Akad. iv. p. 23, t. 4. Two species peculiar to Mexico. 1. Dioon edule, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p.59. (Tab. LXXXI. figg. 1, 2.) Dioon edule, Miq. in Act. Inst. reg. Sc. Neerl. ser. 3, iv. p. 2, tt. 3 et 4. figg. a,b,c; Lem. in Il. Hort. ii. p. 91, cum tt.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 537. Dioon imbricatum, Miq. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 36 ; Act. Inst. reg. Sc. Neerl. ser. 3, iv. t. 4. figg. d, e. Dioon angustifolium, Mig. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p.37; Act. Inst. reg. Sc. Neerl. ser. 3, iv. t. 4. fig. f. Dioon aculeatum, Lem. in Ill. Hort. ii. Misc. p. 91. Platyzamia rigida, Zuce. in Abhandl. bayer. Akad. iv. p. 23, t. 4. Zamia meleni, Miq. in Linn. xviii. p. 97. Zamia friderici-guilielmi, Hort. Parmentier, ex Mig. Prodr. Syst. Cycad. p. 22. Macrozamia pectinata, Liebm. ic. ined. in Herb. Haun. Macrozamia littoralis, Liebm. ic. ined. in Herb. Haun. - Sourn Mexico, Colipa and Laguna verde (Liebmann). Hort. et Herb. Kew. The leaves vary very much in size and form in different individuals, and especially, as is usual in Cycads, with the age of the plants bearing them. The segments may be linear or broad, and distant or closely imbricated; in very young leaves they are often spinulose towards the apex. The male plant has been well figured in Bot. Mag. t. 6184; Zuccarini’s figure of the female cone is altogether inadequate, and that given in Plate LX XXTI has therefore been prepared from a female cone produced at Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXI. Fiee. 1, 2. Fig. 1, female cone, natural size; 2, detached scale. p. latipinna, Dyer. (Tab. LXXXI. figg. 3-5.) Segmenta 2 pollice lata, inferiora apicem versus spinulosa. SoutH Mexico? Hort. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXI. Fiee. 3-5. Fig. 3, basal portion of rachis of leaf, showing dentate reduced segments; 4, segment from lower _ part of leaf, with spinulose apex; 5, segments from middle of leaf: all natural size. — [Dioon strobilosum (Lem. in Ill. Hort. 10, Misc. p. 4; D. strobilaceum, DC. Prodr. x vi. 2, p. 537) is unknown to me. It may possibly be a state of D. edule. | 2. Dioon spinulosum, Dyer; Eichler in Gart. Zeit. 1883, p. 411. (Tab. LXXXIZ.) Folia breviter petiolata, elongato-lanceolata, rigida, plana, pinnatisecta, ad 3 pedes longa; segmentis circiter 70 utroque latere, mediis majoribus suboppositis lineari-lanceolatis breviter acuminatis 18-23-nerviis, ad 4 pollices longis media latitudine semipollicaribus, basi angustiore, utroque 192 CYCADACEA. latere spinulis pungentibus basim versus integerrimis, inferioribus in dentes palmatifidos desi- nentibus. Sérodili.......0+. Souta Mexico, Tuxtla; Yucatan, Progreso (C. J. Hége). Herb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXII. The figures represent the upper and lower portions of a leaf of the Yucatan specimen of the natural size. 2. CERATOZAMIA. Ceratozamia, Brongn. in Aun. Sc. Nat. série 3, v. (1846), p.7,t.1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl.iii. p. 446. Dipsacozamia, Lehm. (sic) in Lindl. Veg. Kingd. p. 225 (momen tantum). About four species, restricted to Mexico. 1. Ceratozamia miqueliana, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 68; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 047. (Tab. LXXXIIL) Ceratozamia ghiesbreghtii, Hort. Linden. ex Regel, Cycad. Gen. et Sp. Rev. p. 27. Mexico. Hort. Kew. . As Miquel points out (Prodr. Syst. Cycad. p. 22), this species differs from all the rest, “quod foliola pedetentim proferat.” Notwithstanding this, the male and female cones, which have not hitherto been described, fully accord with those characteristics of the genus. For material for the figure of the former I am indebted to Mr. W. Bull, F.L.S., of the King’s Road, Chelsea; for that of the latter to Prof. Kichler, Director of the Royal Botanic Garden, Berlin. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXIII. Fig. 1, male plant (reduced); 2, upper portion of leaf; 3, male cone; 4,5, & 6, upper, lower, and lateral views of scale of male cone; 7, female cone: figs. 2-7 all natural size. 2. Ceratozamia latifolia, Mig. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 206; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 047. Ceratozamia karsteniana, Hort. Kew. Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). Hort. Kew. 3. Ceratozamia mexicana, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, v. p.7, t. 1; DC. Prodr, xvi. 2, p. 546. Ceratozamia brevifrons, Mig. in Wiss. Tijdschr. 1. p. 41 (a young state). Zamia atropurpurea, Parment. ex Miq. Prodr. Syst. Cycad. p. 238. Dipsacozamia mexicana, Liebm. ic. ined. in Herb. Haun. Mexico (Ghiesbreght), Mirador (Liebmann). I am quite unable to discriminate between this and a number of other forms which have been regarded as species by Miquel and others. The character of the foliage of all Cycads, as already remarked under Dioon, more or less alters with the age of the plant that bears it. For this reason the type plants which are preserved in botanic gardens constantly outgrow the diagnoses originally based upon them. This variable- ness with age makes the separation of nearly allied forms an all but hopeless task. _ The following varieties may be maintained for convenience :— “CYCADACER, 198 Ceratozamia mexicana, . longifolia. Ceratozamia longifolia, Miq. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 40; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 547. Ceratozamia intermedia, Mig. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 40; C. latifolia B. minor, DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p- 547. Ceratozamia fusca-viridis, D. Moore in Proc. R. Dubl. Soc. 1878. ? Zamia galeottii, Vriese in Tijdschr. nat. Gesch. 1845, p. 23; Mig. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 40; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 545. Zamia macrophylla, Parment. partim, ex Mig. Prodr. Syst. Cycad. p. 23. Mexico. Hort. Kew. C. fusca-viridis seems only a form with dark-brown under surface to the leaflets. y. robusta. Ceratozamia robusta, Miq. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 42; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 547. Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). d. tenuis, Dyer. Foliola pedalia, $ pollice lata, distantia. Mexico? Hort. Kew. The leaflets somewhat resemble those of the following species, but the general habit is different. 4. Ceratozamia kusteriana, Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1857, p. 187, cum ic. xylogr., t. 3. fig. 6, t. 4. fig. 22, et Gartenfl. t. 878; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 546. Mexico (Karwinsky). Hort. Kew. | 3. ZAMIA. Zamia, Linn, Gen. n. 1227; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. p. 447. Aulacophylium, Regel, Gartenfl. 1876, p. 140. About thirty species, concentrated in Tropical and Subtropical South America, with a few representatives in the West Indies. | 1. Zamia pseudo-parasitica, Yates in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald, pp. 202, 253; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 543. : Zamia roezlit, Regel, in Linden’s Cat. 1873, n. 90, et Gartenfl. 1874, p. 55; Ill. Hort. 1873, tt. 138, 134. Aulacophyllum roezli, Regel, Gartenfl. 1876, p. 141. Panama (Warscewicz).—Cotompia; Perv. Hort. et Hb. Kew. 2. Zamia skinneri, Warsc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 146, cum ic.; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ pp. 202, 252; Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5242; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 539. | Aulacophyllum skinneri, Regel, Gartenfl. 1876, p. 143. 8 GUATEMALA; Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). Hort. et Hb. Kew. Seemann’s specimens from Cape Corrientes (upon which the occurrence of the species BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot, Vol. III., November 1883. 2¢ 194 CYCADACEZ. in Darien rests) are a different species, Zamia obliqua, and Cape Corrientes itself is in Colombia (Province of Cauca), not in Darien, as given by Seemann. 8. Zamia chigua, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 201, t. 43; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2,p. 539. Zamia lindleyi, Warsc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 146, cum ic. Zamia lindleyana, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 53. Zamia princeps, Hort. Bull. Aulacophyllum ortgiesi, Regel, Gartenfl. 1876, p. 141. Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz).—Darten; New Granapa. Hb. Kew. 4, Zamia picta, Dyer, n. sp. Zamia picta, Hort. Zamia muricata, 8. picta, Miq. in Wiss. Tijdschr. i. p. 198; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 541. ?Mexico; ?Guatemata. Hort. et Hb. Kew. It is remarkable that previous writers should have felt any hesitation in claiming for | this splendid plant the specific rank which is undoubtedly due to it. Its affinities © with Zamia muricata are really comparatively remote. | 5. Zamia acuminata, CErsted, MS. in Herb. Haun. ined. Folia jugo-pinnata; petiolo sparsim aculeato, triquetro, glaberrimo; foliolis utroque latere ad 8, falcato-lanceolatis, apicem versus caudato-acuminatis, basi maxime angustatis, utrinque inte- gerrimis, membranaceis, 30-nerviis, 10—11-pollicibus longis, 14-12 pollicibus latis. NicaraGua, “ad flumen 8. Juan” (Grsted). Herb. Haun. 6. ?Zamia fischeri, Mig. in Hort. Houtt. p. 20; Linnea, xix. p. 428, t. 7. fig. d: DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 542; Dyer in Gard. Chron. 1883, p. 212, cum ic. xylogr. tMexico. Hort. Kew. 7. Zamia latifolia, Lodd. Cat. n. 687, ex DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 541. Zama muricata, var. obtusifolia, Mig. in Tijdschr. nat. Gesch. x. p. 21 ; Mig. in Linnea, xix. p. 425, t. 7, fig. a. ? Zamia prasina, Hort. Bull. Encephalartos latifolius, Steud. Nomencl. ? Mexico; Honpuras.—? St. Dominao. Hort. Kew. ° Zamia furfuracea, Linn. f. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, iii. p. 477; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 540; Bot. Mag. tab. 1969; Regel, Gartenfl. t. 932. Mexico, Vera Cruz. Hort. et Hb. Kew. 9. ?Zamia ottonis, Miq. in Linnea, xvii. p. 740; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, P. 544; Reg. Cycad. gen. et sp. Rev. p. 40. GuaTeMALA (Roezl, fide Regel).—Cusa. A dubious species; perhaps a depauperate form of Zamia latifolia. 10. Zamia loddigesii, Miq. in Tijdschr. nat. Gesch. x. p. 73; Linnea, xix. p. 425, t. 7. fig. 6, ¢; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 541; Regel, Gartenfl. 1857, p. 14, t. 186. f. 26, t. 926. fige. a-d. CYCADACEA. 195 Zamia serrulata et Zamia caracasana, Lodd. Cat. ex Miq. in Linnea, xix. p. 425. Zamia mexicana, Miq. Prodr. Cycad. pp. 13, 25 ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 543, et Zamia terrestris, Hort. Mexico.—? Caracas. Hort. Kew. 11. Zamia leiboldii, Mig. in Linn. xix. p. 427. Zamia leiboldi, v. y. angustifolia, Regel, Gartenfl. p. 6, t. 929. Zamia loddigesii, 8. leiboldii, DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 541. Zamia cylindrica, Liebm. ic. ined. in Herb. Haun, et Zamia eriolepis, Hort. SoutH Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). Hb. Haun. 12. Zamia spartea, A. DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 539. Mexico, Acayuca; GuateMaLA, Vera Paz, Chimalapa (ex A. De Candolle). 13. Zamia cycadifolia, Dyer, n. sp. Folia lete virentia, jugo-pinnata ; petiolo levi vel sparsim aculeato, triquetro, glaberrimo ; foliolis utroque latere ad 8, chartaceis, linearibus, 5-8 pollicibus longis, 4 pollice latis, apicem versus sensim attenuatis, basi angustatis, utrinque integerrimis, apice interdum obsolete denticulatis, obtusiusculis, supra nitidis, 18-nerviis—Zamia cycadifolia, Hort. Par. Mexico (Bourgeau). Wb. Haun. Possibly only a more robust form of Zamia spartea, from which it appears to differ in its broader, more numerously veined leaflets. It also approaches Zamia tenuis, which appears to be indigenous to the Bahamas. 14. ?Zamia media, Jacq. Hort. Schonbr. tt. 397, 398; DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 542. *Mexico. I refer to this species with some doubt a plant collected by Liebmann at La Isleta and Maloapam.—Sr. Domineo. 15. Zamia lawsoniana, Dyer, n.sp. (Tab. LXXXIV.) Folia glabra, rhachi trigona supra foliola in mucronem tenuem producta, foliolis alternis utroque latere pluribus quam 25, longe lineari-lanceolatis, leviter curvulis, rigide coriaceis, ad 9 pollices longis, 4 pollice latis, basi paullo abrupte angustatis articulatis, apicem versus sensim acumi- natis, a medio spinuloso-serrulatis, marginibus siccitate recurvis, densinerviis. Strobilus mas longe pedunculatus, ovoideo-cylindricus, obtusissime acuminatus, ad 23 pollices longus, pollice diametro, squamis hexagonis, transverse latioribus, facie externa depressa, cinereo-tomentosis pedunculo strobilo quadruplo longiore, floccoso-tomentoso. Mexico, Oaxaca (209 in Herb. Fielding). Hb. Oxon. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXIV. Fig. 1, upper portion of leaf; 2, male cone; 3 and 4, upper and lower view of antheriferous scale, both enlarged. [Lepidozamia peroffskyana, Reg. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1857, pp. 182, 184, cum ic. xylogr., et t. 4. figg. 20, 21 (Macrozamia perowskiana, Miq.), is an Australian species, to which a Mexican origin can only have been attributed (DC. Prodr. xvi. 2, p. 547) by some error in labelling in the St.-Petersburg Botanic Garden. | 2¢2 196 : MONOCOTYLEDONES. MONOCOTYLEDONES. Series I. MICROSPERMZ. Order CXXXVIII. HYDROCHARIDE. Hydrocharidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. it. p. 448. Freshwater and marine aquatic herbs, inhabiting temperate and tropical regions. About forty species are known, belonging to fourteen genera. Several species not hitherto recorded probably exist within our limits, among them Elodea canadensis, Michx., which is widely dispersed in America and now common, though originally introduced in Europe, and the very widely dispersed Vallisneria spiralis, Linn. The marine genus Thalassia may also be represented on the coast. 1. LIMNOBIUM. Limnobium, L. C. Rich. in Mém. Inst. Par. 1811, pp. 32 et 66, t. 8; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 452. An exclusively American genus of about four species, floating in fresh water, and ranging from Lake Ontario to Peru and Brazil. 1. Limnobium stoloniferum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 506? Jalambicea repens, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. il. p. 12? SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 484). Hb. Kew. Order CXXXIX. BURMANNIACEZ. Burmanniacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 455. Delicate annual or perennial herbs, often leafless and coloured ; that is, not green. Ten genera, comprising between fifty and sixty species, which are dispersed over the warmer regions, and extend to China and North America. Judging from the distri- bution of the genus Burmannia, it is probable that other species remain to be discovered in Central America. Thus Burmannia capitata, Mart. and B. biflora, Mart. range from Carolina to Florida, and through the West Indies (from Cuba to Trinidad) to Brazil. 1. APTERIA. Apteria, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Sc. Philad. vii. p. 64, t. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 458. Three forms have been published as species, but they seem to be varieties of one. BURMANNIACEA. 197 1. Apteria setacea, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Sc. Philad. vii. p. 64, t. 9; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 660; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 606. Apteria lilacina, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. t. 38. Apteria hymenanthera, Miq. Stirp. Surin. p. 216, t. 65. _ Fioripa.—Me_xico, Chinantla (Hartweg), eastern Cordillera of Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7179).—Wust Inpigs to Brazil. Hb. Kew. Order CXL. ORCHIDE. Orchidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 460.. Bentham and Hooker define 334 genera, and estimate the number of species at — between 4000 and 5000. They are spread all over the world where phanerogamic vegetation exists, though they are comparatively rare in the polar and high alpine regions, as well as in dry regions. The greatest concentration of species is in the tropics; and they are especially numerous in the mountains of Central America and the north-west part of South America. Taking them tribe by tribe, the Kpidendree and Vandee mostly inhabit the tropics; the Ophrydee, for the greater part, extra- tropical countries, both north and south; and the Neottieew and Cypripediex are generally dispersed. Some interesting particulars of the distribution of Mexican Orchids by A. Richard and H. Galeotti will be found in the ‘Comptes Rendus des Séances de VAcadémie des Sciences’ for 1844. The illustrated Monograph of Mexican Orchids referred to therein, and also in the ‘Annales des Sciences Naturelles,’ série 3, iii. pp. 1-33, was never published. | Tribe I. EPIDENDRE. Epidendree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 462 et 464. 1. PLEUROTHALLIS. Pleurothallis, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 211; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 488. An exclusively American genus, of which nearly 375 species have been described. They range from Mexico and the West Indies to Bolivia and Brazil, and mostly inhabit mountainous regions. 1. Pleurothallis amena, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 16; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 134. Sout Mzxico. 92. Pleurothallis angustifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1797; Fol. Orch. n. 89. Soura Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede), without locality (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 198 . ORCHIDEZ. 3. Pleurothallis bilamellata, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 830; Refug. Bot. li. t. 95; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 58. Pleurothallis obscura, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 17. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). 4, Pleurothallis breviflora, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 59; Fol. Orch. n. 99. Mexico. Introduced and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges. Hb. Kew. 5. Pleurothallis cardiothallis, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1857, p. 158; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 52. Nicaraaua (Wright). Hb. Kew. 6. Pleurothallis caulescens, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 9; Fol. Orch. n. 280. Sovran Mexico, Jalapa (Harris)—Prrv. Hb. Kew. The Mexican plant is very doubtfully referred to this species. 7. Pleurothallis chrysantha, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 68. Pleurothallis aurea, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ii. p. 16. Mexico. A sketch in Hb. Kew. 8. Pleurothallis circumplexa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1831, Misc. p.24; Fol. Orch. n. 65. Pleurothallis mesophylla, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, i. p. 16. Souta Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 946), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2472); Guatemata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 9. Pleurothallis cochlearis, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 764; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 122. Mexico. Hb. Kew. 10. Pleurothallis conanthera, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. iii. p. 41, t. 217. SourH Mexico, Cordova. Introduced and cultivated by Messrs. Haage and Schmidt of Erfurt. 11. Pleurothallis corniculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 83 (excl. syn.), et Fol. Orch. n. 265. Pleurothallis nubigena, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, 1. p. 826. Pleurothailis alata, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, 11. p. 17? Dendrobium corniculatum, Sw. F\. Ind. Oce. p. 1537. Mexico (Galeotti) —Cupa; Jamaica. 12. Pleurothallis crenata, Lindl. Gard. Chron. 1846, p. 107; Fol. Orch. n. 237. | Mexico. Imported and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges. ORCHIDEZ. ; 199 13. Pleurothallis disticha, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 16; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 153. Mexico (Galeottt). 14. Pleurothallis dubia, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 16; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 247. Mexico (Galeotti). 15. Pleurothallis endotrachys, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 95; Kenia Orch. iii. p. 16. Costa Rica (Endres). 16. Pleurothallis fuegi, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 97, t. 10. GuatreMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Wendland). 17. Pleurothallis fulgens, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. iv. p. 516. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 18. Pleurothallis incompta, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 24, et Xenia Orch. il. p. 118, t. 137; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 180. GUATEMALA (ex Reichenbach).—VENEZUELA. 19. Pleurothallis krameriana, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xxi. p. 294. CENTRAL AMERICA. 20. Pleurothallis lateritia, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 731. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 21. Pleurothallis leucopyramis, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 47, et Xenia Orch. iii. p. 14, t. 210. Costa Rica? Hb. Kew. 22. Pleurothallis linearis, Lind]. Fol. Orch. n. 72. Specklinia linearis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 9. Humboldtia purpurea, Ruiz et Pav. Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. p. 235; Pers. Syn. ii. p. 524. MeExico.—PERv. A doubtful plant, according to Lindley. 23. Pleurothallis longissima, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 182; Xenia Orch. ii. p. 114, t. 1387; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 141. Pleurothallis racemiflora, Lindl. in Hook. Exot. Fl. 1. t. 128; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 949, nec Swartz. South Mexico, Oaxaca (Karwinski); GuateMaLa, Duefias at 5000 feet (Godman & Salvin, 275); Costa Rica, Cartago (Ersted), San José (Carmiol).—Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 24. Pleurothallis luctuosa, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 48; Xenia Orch. iii. p. 15, t. 210. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 200 ORCHIDEA., 25. Pleurothallis marginata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. n. 70, et Fol. Orch. n. 228. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), between Volcan de Fuego and Volcan de Agua (Wendland). Ub. Kew. | 26. Pleurothallis microphylla, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 17; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 261. Mexico (Galeotti). 97. Pleurothallis minutalis, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 250. Pleurothallis crassifolia, Rehb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 882, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 174, t. 60, non Focke. Mexico (Lhrenberg). 28. Pleurothallis moschata, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. iii. p. 42, t. 217. Costa Rica (Endres). 29. Pleurothallis naraniensis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 96. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). 30. Pleurothallis nicaraguensis, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 171. Physosiphon nicaraguensis, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Acad. Havn. 1853; Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 329. Nicaracua (Grsted). Ub. Kew. 31. Pleurothallis octomerioides, Lind]. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. p. 854, et Fol. Orch. n. 101. Pleurothallis congesta, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 17. Mexico (Henchman). Hb. Kew. 32. Pleurothallis pachyglossa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 146, et Fol. Orch. pn. 189. Mexico (Barker). Hb. Kew. 33. Pleurothallis pantasmi, Rchb.f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 224; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 69. NicaRaGua, mountains of Pantasmo and Segovia at 4000 feet (Grsted); Costa Rica, between Cartago and Naranjo (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 34. Pleurothallis perpusilla, Rchb. f. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 215, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 173, t. 60; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 216. Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 35. Pleurothallis phyllocardia, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 97. Costa Rica, Desengafo (Wendland). ORCHIDER. | 901 36. Pleurothallis plumosa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 72; Fol. Orch. n. 157, Pleurothallis minax, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland).—VunnzveLa; Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 37. Pleurothallis polyliria, Endres et Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1483. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 88. Pleurothallis polystachya, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iil. p- 16; Lind]. Fol. Orch. p. 44. Mexico (Galeotti). 39. Pleurothallis pubescens, Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. p. 355; Fol. Orch. n. 136. Mexico (Barker). 40. Pleurothallis pyrsodes, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 386. CENTRAL AMERICA ? 41. Pleurothallis quadrifida, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. ; Fol. Orch. n. 186. Dendrobium quadrifidum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 40. _ Pleurothallis ghiesbreghtiana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 16. SoutH Mexico, around Jesus del Monte, near Valladolid (La Lave). 42. Pleurothallis retusa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. ; Fol. Orch. p. 44. Dendrobium retusum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 40. SoutH Mexico, mountains of Vallisoleto (Za Liave). 43. Pleurothallis rufobrunnea, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 217. Sout Mexico, on rocks near Oaxaca, at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 5036). Hb. Kew. 44. Pleurothallis ruscifolia, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 211; Hook. Exot. Fl.tiii. t. 197; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 83. Pleurothallis succosa, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pi. p. 5. Pleurothallis multicaulis, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. t. 82. Epidendrum ruscifolium, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 226, t. 183. fig. 3. Dendrobium ruscifolium, Sw. N. Act. Ups. vi. p. 84. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland).—Common in the West Inp1&s and the northern part of Sourn America. Hb. Kew. 45. Pleurothallis scariosa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc.; Fol. Orch. n. 228. Dendrobium scariosum, Lav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 39. _ MExico, near Arumbaro (La Lilave). 46. Pleurothallis schiedei, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 826; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 159. Souta Mexico (Schiede). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 2a 202 ORCHIDEZ. 47. Pleurothallis segoviensis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 223; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 227. NicaraGua, Segovia (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 48, Pleurothallis stenostachya, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p.399; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 148. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Leibold), Mirador (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5168). Hb. Kew. 49. Pleurothallis strupifolia, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 2; Fol. Orch. n. 137. Pleurothalliis picta, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3897, non Lindl. Pleurothallis bicolor, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. Mexico? Braziu? Cultivated specimens in Kew herbarium. 50. Pleurothallis tenuissima, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 399; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 270. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Leibold), Mirador (Sartorius), Vera Cruz, at 8000 feet (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 51. Pleurothallis tribuloides, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p- 6; Fol. Orch. n. 243, Pleurothallis spathulata, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 17. Pleurothallis fallax, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 224. Dendrobium tribuloides, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1585. Epidendrum tribuloides, Sw. Prodr. p. 123. Souta Mexico, without locality (Leibold; Galeotti); Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu (Grsted).—Cusa, Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 52. Pleurothallis trichopoda, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 17; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 260. MExico (Galeotti). 53. Pleurothallis vilipensa, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xiii. p. 3; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 268. CrntraL AMERICA (Warscewicz). 54. Pleurothallis villosa, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 78; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 150. Pleurothallis lepanthiformis, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 398. Specklinia ciliaris, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 81. MeExico (Schaffner).—Trinipap ; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 55. Pleurothallis violacea, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 16; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 246. Mexico (Galeotti). ORCHIDER. 208 56. Pleurothallis vittata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 73; Fol. Orch. p. 97. Pleurothallis wagneriana, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 274. Mexico. Imported and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges; region of Orizaba (Bour- geau, 2469).—VunezugLa. Hb. Kew. 2. STELIS. Stelis, Sw. in K. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. Stockh. xxi. p. 248, et Fl. Ind. Oce. iii. p-. 1549; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 490. An exclusively American genus, of which about 170 species have been published. They range from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil. 1. Stelis ciliaris, Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. p. 353; Fol. Orch. n. 102. Stelis atropurpurea, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3975. South Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 213), without locality (Leibold). Hb. Kew. | 2. Stelis costaricensis, Rchb.f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 224; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 67. Costa Rica, Cartago (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 3. Stelis endresii, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1373. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 4. Stelis glossula, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1373. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 5. Stelis lancilabris, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 94, t. 8. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 6. Stelis leucopogon, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 95, t. 9. Costa Rica, Desengajio (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 7. Stelis liebmanni, Rchb. f. (inedita 2). SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 8. Stelis microstigma, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr. Am. p. 94, t. 8. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 9. Stelis microtis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 95, t. 8 Costa Rica, Desengatio (Wendland). 10. Stelis obscurata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch, Centr.-Amer. p. 95, t. 8. Costa Rica, Desengaiio (Wendland). 2a2 204 ORCHIDEZ. 11. Stelis ophioglossoides, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1551; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 42; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 442; Bot. Reg. t. 935 (male). Epidendrum ophioglossoides, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 225, t. 183. fig. 2. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5155).— | Throughout the West Inpies to Guiana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 12. Stelis pardipes, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 96. Costa Rica, Desengaiio (Wendland). 13. Stelis parvula, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 49. Nicaragua (Wright). Hb. Kew. 14, Stelis purpurascens, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 18. Mexico (Galeotti; Miller, 1112). Hb. Kew. 15. Stelis thecoglossa, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 93. Costa Rica, Desengaiio (Wendland). 16. Stelis, sp. | Sour Mexico, Trinidad, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1914). Hb. Kew. 3. PHYSOSIPHON. Physosiphon, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1797 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 490. About four species restricted to Tropical America, and ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Physosiphon carinatus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 72. SourH Mrxico, near Sosocola (Schiede), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3371), Chiapas (Linden, 1234). Hb. Kew. 2. Physosiphon loddigesii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1797; Bot. Mag. t. 4869 ; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 508. Stelis tubata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1601. SourH Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1535; Harris; Schiede), Mirador (Linden, 24 ; Sartorius), Oaxaca, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5076, 5338). Hb. Kew. . 3. Physosiphon ochraceus, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p, 17. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5339). Hb. Kew. 4. LEPANTHES. Lepanthes, Sw. in K. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. Stockh. xxi. p. 249, t. 8, et Fl. Ind. Occ. in. p. 1555 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 491. Nearly 100 species have been published ; all inhabit Tropical America, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies, to Peru and Brazil. ORCHIDEA. | 205 1. Lepanthes avis, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 144, t. 50. Sout Mexico, summit of Cerro de Guadalupe, near Jalapa (Kirchmar). 2. Lepanthes blepharistes, Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 92. Costa Rica, Desengajio (Wendland). 3. Lepanthes elata, Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 90. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 4, Lepanthes erinacea, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 225. Costa Rica, Turrialba (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 5. Lepanthes horrida, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 91. Costa Rica, Desengaio ( Wendiand). 6. Lepanthes lindleyana, Cirst. et Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 149, t. 50. Costa Rica, Cartago (Eirsted ; Wendland). Hb. Kew. 7. Lepanthes pristidis, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 820. Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Leibold) ; Mirador (Sartorius)—Cupa. Hb. Kew. 8. Lepanthes schiedei, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 820; Xenia Orch. i. p. 144, t. 50. Sourn Mexico, Jalapa(Schiede). Hb. Kew. 9. Lepanthes tipulifera, Rchb f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 91, t. 10. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 10. Lepanthes tridentata, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1561; Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 11; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 143. Mexico (Letbold) t—Jamatca. 11. Lepanthes turialve, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 225; Xenia Orch. i. pp. 151 et 156, t. 50; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 57 et 90, t. 10. Costa Rica, Turrialba, 3000 feet (sted). Hb. Kew. 12. Lepanthes wendlandi, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 91, t. 9. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Wendland). 13. Lepanthes, sp. GuaTeMALA, Duefias (Godman & Salvin, 23). Hb. Kew. 14. Lepanthes, sp. GuaTEMALA, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 15. Lepanthes, sp. GuateMaLa, Barranca Honda, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 1). Hb. Kew. 16. Lepanthes, sp. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 211), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 206 ORCHIDE#. 17. Lepanthes, sp. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 912). Hb. Kew. 18. Lepanthes, sp. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5312). Hb. Kew. 5. RESTREPIA. . Restrepia, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 366, t. 94; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 491. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of about twenty published species, ranging from Mexico to Peru and Brazil. 1. Restrepia dayana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. iv. p. 257. Costa Rica, at 3000 feet (Endres). Hb. Kew. 2. Restrepia muscifera, Rchb.f. in Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 7. Pleurothallis muscifera, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 79. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Alotenango (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 3. Restrepia ophiocephala, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 88. Pleurothallis ophiocephala, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 84; Fol. Orch. ii. 94. Pleurothallis puberula, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1854, p. 398. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1934); Guatemata, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. | 4, Restrepia prorepens, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p- 810; Xenia Orch: iii. p. 8, t. 206. | Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 5. Restrepia reichenbachiana, Endres in Gard. Chron. n. s. iy, p. 356; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. iii. p. 7, t. 206. Costa Rica, at 4000 feet (Endres). 6. Restrepia ujarensis, Rchb.f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 225; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 57, t. 10. Pleurothallis warensis, Lindl. Fol. Orch. ii, 104. Costa Rica, Ujaras (Hrsted). Hb. Kew. 7. Restrepia xanthophthalma, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart, Zeit. xxi. p. 300. Restrepia lansbergii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5257, nec Rchb. £. GUATEMALA, in a barranca near the city of Guatemala (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 6. MASDEVALLIA. Masdevallia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruy. et Chil. Prodr. p. 122, t. 27; Syst. Veg. p. 238; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 492. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which upwards of 100 species have been ORCHIDEA. 207 published, though some of them may be regarded as varieties rather than species. They range from Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil; but they are very rare on the eastern side of South America, and hitherto none has been found in the West Indies. Masdevallia fenestrata, Lindl., is the same as Pleurothallis atropurpurea, Lindl. 1. Masdevallia attenuata, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 834; Bot. Mag. t. 6273. Costa Rica, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Veitch. Hb. Kew. 2. Masdevallia chontalensis, Rchb. f. Otia Hamb. p. 17. Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 180). Hb. Kew. _ 8. Masdevalllia cupularis, Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 93. Costa Riea, Desengafio (Wendland). 4, Masdevallia floribunda, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 72; Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 616. Masdevallia galeottiana, A. Rich: in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 17. Masdevallia myriostigma (myriosigma, errore), Morr. Belg. Hort. 1878, pp. 853 cum icone, 359 et 361. Masdevallia floribunda, var. myriostigma (errore myriosigma), Morr. l. c. p. 880 (in indice). South Mexico, Jalapa (Leibold ; Harris), Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5075). Hb. Kew. 5. Masdevallia gracilenta, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. iv. p. 98. Costa Rica (Endres). 6. Masdevallia harryana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 142], et n. s. ii. p. 488; Flor. & Pomol. 1873, p. 169, cum icone colorata; Belg. Hort. 1873, t. 21; Fl. des Serres, t. 2250. | Masdevallia lindeni, var. harryana, André, Ill. Hort. 1872, t. 142. Masdevallia lindeni, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5990. Masdevallia harryana, F\. Mag. t. 555? Masdevallia lindeni, André, Ill. Hort. 1870, t. 42 ; Jenning’s Orch. t. 17; Fl. Mag. n. 8. t. 28? CentraL America (Roezl).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. Should the plants figured in the various publications cited above prove to be the same species—which is not unlikely, as no two are exactly alike, though the differences are not great-—lindeni is the older published name; but then there is the still older Masdevaillia lindeniana, A. Rich. et Gal., a name so near as to cause confusion. 7. Masdevallia lata, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 653. CENTRAL AMERICA (Zahn). 8. Masdevallia lindeniana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Aun. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii, p. 17. | Mexico (Galeotti). A sketch only in Kew herbarium. 208 ORCHIDE. 9, Masdevallia livingstoneana, Roezl et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. ii. p. 322. | Panama (foez/). 10. Masdevallia reichenbachiana, Endres in Gard. Chron. n. s. iv. p. 257. Costa Rica (Endres). 11. Masdevallia triaristella, Rchb. f.in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 226; Bot. Mag. t. 6268. Costa Rica. 12. Masdevallia wageneriana, Linden, Cat. 1855; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 74, cum xylogr.; Bot. Mag. t. 4921; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 199, t. 75; Gard. Chron. n. s. xv. p. 720. CENTRAL AMERICA (see Hooker in Bot. Mag.).—VENEZUELA. 7. ARPOPHYLLUM. Arpophyllum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fase. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 19; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 492. A genus of about six species, inhabiting Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Jamaica. The species are very much alike in appearance, and some of the specimens referred to below may be wrongly named. 1. Arpophyllum alpinum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 93; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 448. Sout Mexico, mountains of Totonicapan at 10,000 feet, also near Cliatepec, and on an inaccessible rock in the Cafiada of Todos Santos (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 2. Arpophyllum giganteum, Hartweg, ex Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. (1840), p. 884; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 448. Soutn Mexico, between Tolca and Tanetze (Hartweg), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &e. (Jurgensen, 863) ; GuaTeMAaLa, without locality (Skinner), below Alotenango, Santa Rosa in Vera Paz (Godman & Salvin, 35). Hb. Kew. 3. Arpophyllum medium, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 89. Guatemata, Las Nubes ( Wendland). 4. Arpophyllum spicatum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fase. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 20; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 151; Bot. Mag. t. 6022 % SourH Mexico, near Arumbaro (La Lilave), Hacienda del Carmen (Hartweg), Cor- dillera of Oaxaca, at 7000 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 5027), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &c. (Jurgensen, 593). Hb. Kew. Specimens from Jamaica in Kew herbarium referred to this species are different. We doubt the ‘ Botanical Magazine’ figure representing this species, because the speci — men drawn and preserved in their herbarium does not possess the relatively short curved ORCHIDEA. 209 leaves so characteristic of this species, and which suggested the generic name. The species from Jamaica may be A. gigantewm, Hartweg. 8. OCTOMERIA. Octomeria, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 211; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 493. About ten species, inhabiting Tropical America, from the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Octomeria, sp. . Nicaraeua (Tate, 456). Hb. Kew. 9. METIRACYLLIUM. Meiracyllium, Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 12; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 493. The following are all the published species. 1. Meiracyllium gemma, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 988; Xenia Orch. iii. p. 13, t. 209. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Roezl). Cultivated specimens only in Kew her- barium. 2. Meiracyllium trinasutum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 12, t. 6; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 859; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 73. GUATEMALA, without locality (Wendland), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 372). Hb. Kew. 3. Meiracyllium wendlandi, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 73. GuaTEMALA, Rio Sucio (Wendland). 10. MICROSTYLIS. Microstylis, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. ii. p. 196; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 494. A genus of about forty species, widely dispersed in the northern hemisphere, with two or three in South America. They are most numerous in Asia and Central America. 1. Microstylis brachystachys, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 834; Walp. Ann. lil. p. 526. South Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg). 2. Microstylis cordata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 207. Dienia cordata, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 73. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Mr. Barker. 3. Microstylis crispata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. ‘vi. p. 207. Dienia crispata, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 1845, p. 385. Mexico, without locality (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 2e 210 | ORCHIDEZ. 4. Microstylis crispifolia, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 100. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 5. Microstylis fastigiata, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 834. Dienia majanthemifolia, Rehb. f. in Linnea, xix. p. 369. Malaxis majanthemifolia, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, 11. p. 18. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5059). 6. Microstylis ehrenbergii, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 835; Walp. Ann, iii. p. 526. Sours Mexico, Real del Monte (Ehrenberg). 7. Microstylis excavata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 51. Mexico (Barker, cult.). 8. Microstylis hastilabia, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr-Am. p. 101. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba, at 8000 feet (Wendland). 9. Microstylis histionantha, Link, K1. et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 11, t. 5; Bot. Mag. t. 4103. Microstylis parthoni, Rchb. f. Walp. Ann. vi. p. 206; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 59 et 100. Malaxis parthoni, Morr. in Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux. 1839, p. 485, cum icone. Nicaragua, without locality (@rsted); Costa Rica, San José &c. (Wendland). 10. Microstylis ichthyorrhyncha, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 99. Malazis ichthyorrhyncha (lapsu calami “ ichthyorhyncha”’) et M. coohleariafole, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 18. Microstylis cochleariefolia, Rehb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 834; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 626. Sour Mzxico, Huatusco (Galeotti), without locality (Leibold); Cogra Rica, Volcan de Barba (Wendland). 11. Microstylis lagotis, Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 101. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba, at 9000 feet (Wendland). 12. Microstylis majanthemifolia, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 834. Malaxis majanthemifolia, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 59. Mexico (Schiede & Deppe). 13. Microstylis macrostachya, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 207; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 99. Dienia calycina, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 28. Ophrys macrostachya, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fase. 11., Orch. Opuse. p. 9. Sourn Mexico, near Jesus del Monte (La Lilave), Anganguio 9000 feet (Hartweg), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5053); Costa Rica, at the foot of Volcan . de Barba, 5000 feet (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 14. Microstylis myurus, Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 207. Dienia myurus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 28. Pedilea, Lindl. Orchid. Sceletos, p. 21. n. 144, cum icone. Mexico (hb. Pavon). ORCHIDE. 211 15. Microstylis ophioglossoides, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. ii. p.196; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 19; Bot. Reg. t. 1290 (8. mexicana). Malaxis ophioglossoides, Willd. ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1116. CanaDa, southward through the eastern States—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 859). Hb. Kew. 16. Microstylis simillima, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 101. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 17. Microstylis tipuloides, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. xv..1845, p. 256 ; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 102. Costa Rica, San Miguel (Wendland).—Pzrv. 18. Microstylis umbellulata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. P]. p. 19; Griseb. FI. Brit. W. Ind. p. 612. Malaxis umbellulata, Sw. Prodr. p. 119. _ Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1303), Mirador (Linden, 197), Cor- dillera of Oaxaca, at 8500 feet (Galeotti, 5059), Zimapan (Coulter, 1529).—WEsT Inpres and nothern part of Soura America. Hb. Kew. 19. Microstylis, sp. GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego, at 6400 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 20. Microstylis, sp. GuaTEMALA, Camino del Sapote (Bernoulli, 327). Hb. Kew. 21. Microstylis, sp. | SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca,.at 7500 feet (Galeotti, 5012). Hb. Kew. 22. Microstylis, sp. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1957). Hb. Kew. Malasxis elliptica, M. thlaspiformis, M. monticola, and M. oblongifolia, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 18, are doubtful plants that may belong to Micro- stylis or Liparis. 11. ANDROCHILUS. Androchilus, Liebm. in Forh. Skand. Naturf. Méde, iv. p. 197; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1225. A doubtful genus of this affinity, described as having a distinct subulate filament three quarters of a line long. 1. Androchilus campestris, Licbm. in Forh. Skand. Naturf. Méde, iv. p. 197. South Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 2¢e2 212 ORCHIDEA. 12. LIPARIS. Liparis, L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. iv. p. 52, t. 5. fig. 10; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 495. About 100 species, widely dispersed in the temperate and warmer regions of both hemispheres. 1. Liparis alata, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1842, p. 293. MEXICO. 2. Liparis (Sturmia) arnoglossophylla, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 217. New Spain (hb. Pavon). 3. Liparis bituberculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 882; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 98. Cymbidium ? bituberculatum, Hook. Exot. Fl. i. t. 116. Liparis elata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1175. Sturmia bituberculata, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 22. Costa Rica, La Muella (Wendland).— VENEZUELA. 4, Liparis elliptica, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 612. Sturmia elliptica, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 833 ? Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5138), Mirador (Landen, 199; Sartorius).—JaMAIcA ; TRINIDAD ; VENEZUELA; GuIANA. Hb. Kew. Perhaps more than one species concerned here. 5. Liparis wendlandi, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 98. Costa Rica, San José (Wendland). Malasis galeottiana and M. lindeniana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 18, from Mexico, are represented in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew, by sketches, which are placed in Liparis. Another plant in the same genus from Morelia, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5213), is named Cymbidium vexilliferum, Llav. et Lex. (Nov. Veg. Deser. fasc. 11., Orch. Opusc. p. 11). 13. CORALLORHIZA. Corallorhiza, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 209; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 497. About twelve species have been published; but they are very much confused in herbaria. They inhabit Europe, extra-tropical Asia, and especially North America, extending into Mexico. 1. Corallorhiza ehrenbergii, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 833; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 526. | SoutH Mexico, between Real del Monte and Chica (Ehrenberg). ORCHIDEZ. 213 2. Corallorhiza grandiflora, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iil. p. 19. MEXICco. 8. Corallorhiza mexicana, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 534. Corallorhiza bulbosa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 19? SourH Mexico, Oaxaca, 7000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5057), Mineral del Monte (Schiede & Deppe); GuatnMALa, without locality (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 14. HEXALECTRIS. Hexalectris, Rafin. Neogen. p. 4; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iu. p. 498. A monotype. ; 1. Hexalectris aphylla, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 296. Bletia aphylla, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. ii. p. 194; Blume, Orchid. Jav. p. 18, t. 6. Norta Caronina to Fioripa and Trxas.—NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Palmer, 2006), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 861); Sours Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1533), between Chila and Huanapan (Andrieua, 86). Hb. Kew. 15. BULBOPHYLLUM. Bulbophyllum, Thouars, Orch. Iles Afr. tab. esp. p. 8, et ic. t. 93 ad 97, et 99 ad 110; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 501. About eighty species are known, the greater part inhabiting Tropical Africa and Asia, a very few America and Australia, and one only New Zealand. 1. Bulbophyllum aristatum, Hemsley. Bolbophyllaria aristata, Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 60. CrentraL AMERICA (Grsted). 2. Bulbophyllum erstedii, Hemsley. Bolbophyllaria erstedii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 223; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p- 60; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 241. Nicaracua, Esquipulas, Segovia (Hrsted). 3. Bulbophyllum sordidum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 89. Bolbophyllaria sordida, Rehb. f. in Walp. Aun. vi. p. 242. GuatEeMaLa, cultivated by Mr. Bateman, and probably introduced by Skinner. 16. COSLIA. Celia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 36, et Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 36; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 508. About five species, restricted to the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America. 1. Celia bauerana, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 36; Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 36 ; Bauer, Ill. Orch. Gen. t. 3 (quoad antheram et pollinia erronea). 214 ORCHIDEZ. Celia triptera, G. Don. sec. Steud. Nomencl. Bot.; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 629. Cymbidium tripterum, Sw. N. Act. Ups. vi. p. 70; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 214. Epidendrum tripterum, Sm. Ic. Pict. t. 14. Sour Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2079).—Cusa; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 2. Celia bella, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 218; Bot. Mag. t. 6628. Bifrenaria bella, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. ii. t. 325. Bothriochilus bellus, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 11. Misc. p. 30. GuaTEeMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 3. Celia guatemalensis, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 219. Guatemata (Skinner). Ub. Kew. 4, Celia macrostachya, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 92; Bot. Reg. 1842, sub t. 36; Bot. Mag. t. 4712 (ic. in Fl. des Serres, t. 900 repetita); Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 41 (varietates). | SourH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Hartweg), Zacuapan (Leibold), Jalapa (Schiede), Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5016). Hb. Kew. There is another species of this genus from Guatemala in the Lindley herbarium at Kew, bearing a manuscript name. : 17. BLETIA. Bletia, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. 119, t. 26; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ni. p. 513. About twenty species in Tropical America, with one or two in China and Japan. 1. Bletia adenocarpa, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 216; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 440. Sovurn Mexico, Talea (Galeotti, 5845). Hb. Kew. 2. Bletia anomala, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii, p. 23; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 443. MEXICO. 3. Bletia campanulata, Lav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fasc. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 17; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72; Bonplandia, 1854, p. 22; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 442. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2812), Teojomulco (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 4. Bletia coccinea, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fase. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 16; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 122; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 53. South Mexico, Talea (Galeotti, 5347), Rancho de Aguacate (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 5. Bletia florida, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 206; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch, Pl. p. 121; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 442; Bot. Reg. t. 1401. Gyas florida, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 299. Bletia pallida, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 629. Limodorum floridum, Salisb. Prodr. p. 9. ORCHIDEZ. 215 Souta Mexico, Mirador (Sartorius); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 317).—VENE- ZUELA; JAMAICA; TRINIDAD. Hb. Kew. 6. Bletia fulgens, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 221; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 441. . Souta Mexico, near Cuernavaca (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 7. Bletia gracilis, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1977; Bot. Reg. t. 1681; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 440. South Mexico, Temascaltepec (Schiede); Guatemaua, Duefias (Fraser), Hb. Kew. (Bletia havanensis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. n. 35, has been reported from _ Panama, and some of the synonyms we have placed under B. verecunda, R. Br., may perhaps belong to this species. | 8. Bletia jucunda, Linden et Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 221; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 441. Souto Mexico, Michoacan (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 9. Bletia lilacina, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 23; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 443. MEXIco. 10. Bletia parkinsoni, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3736; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 440. Souta Mexico, without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. We have only seen cultivated specimens. 11. Bletia reflexa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1760; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 441. Mexico. Imported and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges. Only cultivated specimens in Kew herbarium. 12. Bletia roezlii, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 7. Mexico, without locality (Roez/). 13. Bletia secunda, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. n. 120; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 440. Eulophia dilatata, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1842, x. p. 184. Sour Mexico, without locality (Karwinski), Chicahuastla (Galeotti, 5304). Hb. Kew. 14. Bletia verecunda, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 206; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 121. Helleborine americana, Martyn, Hist. Pl. Rar. t. 50; Mill. Fig. Pl. t. 145. Limodorum altum, Linn. Syst. Veg. p. 680; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. p. 17, t. 602 (¢uberosum in tab.) Bot. Mag. t. 930. Limodorum verecundum, Salisb. Prodr. p. 9. Cymbidium verecundum, Sw. Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsal. vi. p. 75. Gyas verecunda, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 299. 216 ORCHIDEZ. Limodorum tuberosum, Jacq. Coll. iv. p. 108. Limodorum purpureum, Lam. Encycl. iii. p. 515; Red. Liliac. t. 83. Bletia purpurea, DC. huit. not. Pl. Rar. Jard. Gen. p. 23. Cymbidium altum, Willd. n. 44; Pers. Syn. ii. p. 516. Bletia acutipetala, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3217. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 376, 377), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2208) ; GuaTeMALA, Duefias (Wendland), common in the marshy ground round the lake of Duefias (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Volcan de Masaya ( (Ersted).—J aMaIca ; CUBA. Hb. Kew. | There are several unnamed specimens in Kew herbarium that may belong to this species, which seems to be a very common one, though we are not sure that the fore- going names do not represent more than one species. Bletia shepherdii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3319, sometimes associated with B. verecunda, seems to differ in its broader leaves &c. 18. CHYSIS. Chysis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1937, et 1841, t. 23; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 514. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, ranging from Mexico to Venezuela and Colombia. Six or eight species have been published, though some of them are rather varieties of each other than distinct species. | 1, Chysis aurea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1937; Bot. Mag. t.3617; Walp. Ann. vi.p.471. 6. maculata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4576, icon. in Fl. des Serres, t. 671, et in Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 121 iterata. y. limminghii, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 1860, t. 240; Hook. Bot. Mag. 1861, t. 5265; Warn. Sel. Orch. ser. 1, t. 834; Lindl. et Rchb. f. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1858, p. 380 (species) ?; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 43, in obs. sub C. aurea. Sourn Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght) ; PANaMA.—VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. Dr. Reichenbach states that C. limminghi, Lind. et Rchb. f. is a good species, dis- tinguishable from C. aurea, Lindl., in the dark; but we are not sure that the plant figured in the ‘ Botanical Magazine’ and ‘L'Lllustration Horticole’ as C. aurea lim- minghit is the true plant, though it most likely 1s. 2. Chysis bractescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. n. 131, et 1841, t. 23; Bot. Mag. t. 5186; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 472. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Mr. Barker. Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. \ 3. Chysis levis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. n. 130; Batem. Orch. Mex. et Guat. t. 31; Ill. Hort. t. 365; Warn. Sel. Orch. ser. 2, t. 14; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 472. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Mr. G. Barker. Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. ORCHIDEZ. 217 19. CALANTHE. Calanthe, R. Br. in Bot. Reg. sub tt. 573 et 720; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 520. There are about forty known species of this genus, mostly inhabiting Tropical Asia, the rest being widely scattered in Japan, the Pacific Islands, New Caledonia, the Mascarene Islands, Tropical and South-eastern Africa, the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America. 1. Calanthe mexicana, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 406; Orch. Eur. (Ic. Fl Germ.), t. 355. figg. 5, 6 et 7; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 79; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 912. Ghiesbreghtia calanthoides, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iil. p. 28. South Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3007), San Cristobal (Botteri, 239), Zacuapan (Leibold) ; Costa Rica, Desengatio (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 20. ELLEANTHUS. Elleanthus, Presl. Relig. Henk. i. p. 97; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 22. A Tropical-American genus of nearly fifty species, extending from Central America and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil, but most numerous in Colombia and Peru. 1. Elleanthus capitatus, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 475. Evelyna capitata, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 32, t. 56; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 622. y Bletia capitata, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 206. . Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau) ; GUATEMALA, without locality, culti- vated by Loddiges.—VENrzUELA to Perv and BraziL, and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 2, Elleanthus hymenophorus, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 480; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 42 et 89. Evelyna hymenophora, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 710. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, at 6000 to 7000 feet (Warscewicz). 3. Elleanthus, sp., Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 42, sine nomine. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 4, Elleanthus, sp. Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 193). Hb. Kew. 5. Elleanthus, sp. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 271). Hb. Kew. This is very near £. linifolius, Presl. Reliq. Henk. i. p. 97, Evelyna graminifotium, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 33, t. 58. 6. Elleanthus, sp. NicaraGua, Chontales (Tate, 194). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 2f 218: ORCHIDEZ. 7. Elleanthus, sp. Guatemala (Bernoulli, 313). Hb. Kew. In addition to the foregoing, and probably different from them, there are in the Lindley herbarium two species, numbered 7 and 8, collected by Wright in Nicaragua There is also one cultivated specimen of a broad-leaved species, near £. capitatus, recorded as native of Guatemala. [Amblostoma cernuum, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p. 883=A. tridactylum, Rehb. f. Refug. Bot. ii. t. 101, and first recorded from Mexico, is only known with certainty to inhabit Brazil, and is probably not Mexican. | 21. SERAPHYTA. Seraphyta, Fisch. et Mey. in Bull. Acad. Sc. St. Pétersb. vii. (1840), p. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 523. A monotype. 1. Seraphyta multiflora, Fisch. et Mey. in Bull. Acad. Sc. St. Pétersb. vii. 1840), p. 25. Epidendrum diffusum, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1503; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 619; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 102; Bot. Mag. t. 3565; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 846. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede); CuBa; JAMAICA; GuIANA. Hb. Kew. 22. HORMIDIUM. Hormidium, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 81 (Hpidendri sect.) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 524, About seven species are known, ranging from Mexico and Cuba to Brazil. 1. Hormidium miserum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 524. Epidendrum miserum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 37; Fol. Orch. n. 85; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 346. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges). Hb. Kew. 2. Hormidium pulchellum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 524. Epidendrum pulchellum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iti. p. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 354. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 6500 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 5039). Hb. Kew. 8. Hormidium pygmzum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 524. Epidendrum pygmeum, Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 49, t. 118; Bot. Mag. t. 8288; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 84, Epidendrum uniflorum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 15. Mexico (Larker).—Cusa and Jamaica to TRinipaD and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 23. HEXISEA. . Hewisea, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 7; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 524. ORCHIDES. 219 Three or four species, restricted to Tropical America, and ranging from Mexico to Brazil. : 1. Hexisea bidentata, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot.i. p. 8; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 470; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 55. Nicaraaua, Pantasma, Segovia (@rsted); Panama and Wasr Cotomsia (Cuming). Hb. Kew. 2. Hexisea oppositifolia, Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 470. Epidendrum oppositifolium, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ii. p. 21. Euothonea oppositifolia, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 772. Diothonea oppositifolia, Rchb. f. in. Linnea, xxu. p. 842. South Mexico, Oaxaca, at 5000 feet (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 3. Hexisea, sp., Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 42, sine nomine. ~ CenrraL America (Warscewicz). This may be the same as an unnamed species in the Lindley herbarium, collected by Warscewicz in Veraguas. 4, Hexisea, sp., Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 88. Costa Rica, La Muella (Wendland). | 24. SCAPHYGLOTTIS. | Scaphyglottis, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. 58, t. 97 ad 100; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 525. About eight species, inhabiting Tropical America from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Scaphyglottis behrii, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 520. Ponera behrii, Rebb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 220; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 452. Panama, Chagres (Behr). 2. Scaphyglottis dubia, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. ili, p. 525. Ponera dubia, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 452. Tsochilus? dubius, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iil. p. 23. Isochilus lividus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 36. Souta Mexico, Jalapa (Letbold), without locality (Barker). Hb. Kew. 3. Scaphyglottis fasciculata, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 317; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sul- phur,’ p. 172. Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair). 4. Scaphyglottis kienastii. Ponera kienastii, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vil. p. 810. South Mexico, Comascaltepec, Sultepec, &c. (Kienast). af 2 220 ORCHIDEA. 5. Scaphyglottis mesocopis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 525. Ponera mesocopis, Endr. et Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 222, t. 200. Costa Rica (Endres). 6. Scaphyglottis, sp. NicaraGua, Chontales (Tate, 262). Hb. Kew. This is very near S. fasciculata. 7. Scaphyglottis, sp. ? Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5112). Hb Kew. 8. Scaphyglottis, sp. Nicaragua, Chontales (Zate, 190, 191). Hb. Kew. 25. HEXADESMIA. | Hexadesmia, A. Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xvii. p. 44; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 525. Besides the following there is one West-Indian species and one Brazilian. 1. Hexadesmia bifida, Rchb. f. in Refug. Bot. ii. sub t. 113, et Linnea, xli. p- 84. Mexico? 2. Hexadesmia brachyphylla, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 89. Costa Rica, Turrialba ( Wendland). 3. Hexadesmia crurigera, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 2; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 468 (errore crucigera); Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 55 et 89; Xenia Orch. i. p. 168, t. 59; Refug. Bot. it. t. 92. Hexopia crurigera, Batem. ex Lindl. loc. cit. Guatemata? Costa Rica, Cartago 5000 feet, and Volcan de Irazu 9000 feet (€rsted), Cartago (Wendland). 4, Hexadesmia fasciculata, A. Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xvii. p. 45; Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 16; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 468. Hexadesmia lindemana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. sér. 3, 111. p. 238. Mexico? (Linden); Guatemana, Quezaltenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 5. Hexadesmia lurida, Batem. Synop. Orch. in Orch. Mex. et Guat. Mexico or GUATEMALA. 6. Hexadesmia micrantha, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 2; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 469; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 42, 56 et 89; Xenia Orch. i. p. 170, t. 59. GUATEMALA (Skinner); NicaRacua, Segovia (Crsted) ; Costa Rica, Santa Anna ( Wend- land); Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1567), Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. : ORCHIDE. 221 7. Hexadesmia rhodoglossa, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 328. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Consul Schiller of Hamburg. 8. Hexadesmia sessilis, Rchb. f. in Refug. Bot. ii. sub t. 113, et in Linnea, xli. p. 84. | South Mexico, Trapiche de Santa Afia (Galeotti, 5331). 9. Hexadesmia stenotepala, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 221; Xenia Orch. i. p. 169, t. 59; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 56. . NicaraGua, Tortuga (Grsted). In Kew herbarium there is an unnamed species of this genus (2) collected by Galeotti (n. 5030) in the Cordillera of Oaxaca, near the Pacific, at 3000 to 6000 feet. Polystachya minuta, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 27, est forsan Hexadesmia ex Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 644. 26. ALAMANIA. Alamania, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fasc. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 31; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 526. An imperfectly known Orchid. 1. Alamania punicea, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. fase. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 31; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 153; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72. Epidendrum puniceum, Rechb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 323. South Mexico, near Vallisoleta (La Llave), Mount Talina (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 27. PLEURANTHIUM. Pleuranthium, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 81 (Epidendri sect.) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. il. p. 526. About five or six species, whereof one inhabits Brazil, two Colombia or Peru, one Guatemala, and one Cuba. 1. Pleuranthium, sp. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. The specimen is insufficient for description. 28. DIACRIUM. Diacrium, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iti. p. 81 (Epidendri sect.) ; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Xvili. pp. 812 et 818; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 526. In addition to the following there is a fourth species in the West Indies. 1. Diacrium bidentatum, Hemsley. Epidendrum bidentatum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 98; Fol. Orch. n. 81; Walp, Ann. vi. — p. 845. Mexico, a sketch in the Lindley herbarium at Kew. 222 ORCHIDEZ. 2. Diacrium bigibberosum, Hemsley. Fipidendrum bigibberosum, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 346. GUATEMALA, imported and cultivated by Consul Schiller of Hamburg. 8. Diacrium bilamellatum, Hemsley. Epidendrum bilamellatum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 345. Panama, Chagres (Behr).— VENEZUELA. 29. ISOCHILUS. Tsochilus, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 209; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. p. 527. Four or five species are known, and they inhabit Tropical America from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Isochilus carnosiflorus, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1845, sec. Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 448. South Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 9). Hb. Kew. We have not succeeded in finding a description of this species. In Lindley’s herba- rium at Kew there is a specimen named “ Jsochilus carnosifiorus, Loddiges;” but there is no reference to a description. Linden’s n. 9 bears the same name in herb. Kew. prop. in Dr. Reichenbach’s handwriting. 2. Isochilus crassiflorus, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii, p. 22; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 448. Souto Mexico. 3. Isochilus latibracteatus, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 22; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 448. South Mextco, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5147). Hb. Kew. 4, Isochilus linearis, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 209; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 112; Bot. Reg. t. 745; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1341; Rchb. f. / Beitr: Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 55 et 89. Epidendrum lineare, Jacq. Stirp. Amer. t. 131; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 445. Cymbidium lineare, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 97. South Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2511), Mirador (Linden, 204), Jalapa at 4000 feet, Michoacan at 4000 to 7000 feet, and Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5170, 5226, 5049), Colipa (Iaebmann, 178); GuaremaLa, above Quiche (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 187,-486); Costa Rica, San José (Wendland), Volcan de Irazu at 10,000 feet (irsted).— VENEZUELA to BRaziL, and Cusa to Trinipap. Hb. Kew. Some of the above specimens may belong to the next species. 5. Isochilus major, Cham. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 60; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 447. South Muxico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1913), Hb. Kew. ORCHIDE. 223 80. PONERA. Ponera, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 113; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 527. Besides the following, three or four species are reported from the north part of South America. | 1. Ponera albida, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 103. Costa Rica?, Llanos del Carmen (Hoffmann). 2. Ponera amethystina, Rchb. f. in Refug. Bot. ii. t. 93. Panama, Santa Fé de Veraguas (Skinner). The species was described and figured from one cultivated plant in the possession of the late W. W. Saunders. 3. Ponera bilineata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 88. Costa Rica, San Miguel ( Wendland). 4. Ponera graminifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 17; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 450. Nemaconia graminifolia, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 127. SourH Mexico, Jalapa (Barker).. Hb. Kew. 5. Ponera juncifolia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 114; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 400. | | Mexico (hb. Pavon). 6. Ponera macroglossa, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 639; Xenia Orch. i. p. 44, t. 19; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 451. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 7. Ponera striata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p.18; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 29, fig. 149; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 450; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 89. - SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau); Guatemala (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 8. Ponera striolata, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 39. Mexico? CentraL AMERICA ? , 31. HARTWEGIA. Hartwegia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub tab. 1970; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 528. Of this genus there are two published species. 1. Hartwegia gemma, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. x. p. 8. CentraL America, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Veitch. 2. Hartwegia purpurea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub tab. 1970; Walp. Ann. vi. D 445; Refug. Bot. t. 94. Sour Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 29), Mirador (Liebmann, 309, 310), Vera Cruz 224 ORCHIDEA. (Hartweg), Orizaba (Miiller,1414), without localities (Schiede; Ehrenberg ; Jurgensen ; Galeotti; Leibold). Hb. Kew. Var. angustifolia, W. Booth in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 45; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 445. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2465); GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 32. EPIDENDRUM. Epidendrum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1016, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 528. An exclusively American genus, ranging from the south-eastern States of North | America, where there are very few species, through the West Indies and Mexico to Bolivia and South Brazil. One species is endemic in the Galapagos, and the only Orchid hitherto found in these islands. Upwards of 400 species have been described. 1. Epidendrum aciculare, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 46 ; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 44; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 333; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 613. Epidendrum linearifolium, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4572. Epidendrum esculentum, Hort. Kew. ex Lindl. Epidendrum bractescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 58, et Fol. n. 43. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5103 ; Hartweg) ; Mirador (Sartorius).—Also recorded from the Banamas. Hb. Kew. 2. Epidendrum adenocarpum, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 24; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 62; Walp. Rep. vi. p. 339. Epidendrum crispatum, Knowles et Westc. Flor. Cab. ii. p. 79? Epidendrum papillosum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 7; Bot. Mag. t. 3631. Sout Mexico, on the Irapean mountains (La Llave), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg) ; GuaTemaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. _ 8. Epidendrum adenocaulon, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 22; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 64; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 340. SoutH Mexico, on trees near Valladolid (La Lilave). 4. Epidendrum affine, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 327. Guatemaa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 5. Epidendrum alatum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 18; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 53; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 336; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 33. Epidendrum longipetalum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 149, t. 30; Lem. Jard. Fleur. i. t. 81 (in Lindl. iterata). Epidendrum calocheilum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3898. Epidendrum formosum, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, p. 201. GUATEMALA (Skinner ; Hartweg); Nicaragua, San Juan (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDE. 225 6. Epidendrum amabile, Lind. et Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p.219; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 332. South Mexico, Michoacan (Chiesbreght, 57). Hb. Kew. 7. Epidendrum ambiguum, Lindl. Fol. n. 56; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 338. Epidendrum alatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 53, nec Batem. GUATEMALA, specimen cultivated by Rucker. Hb. Kew. 8. Epidendrum anceps, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 224, t. 138 (1763), non Swartz. Epidendrum fuscatum, Smith, Spicil. Bot. p. 21, t. 23 (1792) ; Swartz, Nov. Act. Ups. vi. p. 69, ex Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 104; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 206; Bot. Reg. t. 67; Bot. Mag. t. 2844; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 887. Amphiglottis lurida, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 294. B. virescens, Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 65; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1867 (epeaie*). Epidendrum musciferum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 6. y. Viridipurpureum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 65; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3666 (spe- cies). Souta Mexico (Sartorius); Panama (Cuming).—Apparently common in the WEst Inpigs, also in South America from CoLompBia to Guiana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. The name fuscatum is usually retained for this species, and attributed to Swartz; but Smith was the first to use it. 9, Epidendrum anisatum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 27; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 204; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 385. Epidendrum gladiatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 106, et in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72. Souta Mexico, on trees near Valladolid (La Llave), Rancho del Ojo de Agua (Hart- weg). Hb. Kew. 10. Epidendrum antenniferum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 184, fig. 113; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 91; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 8382; Lindi. Fol. Orch. n. 195. Epidendrum longipetalum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 22. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Henchman), Talea (Galeotti, 5238), peak of Orizaba at 6000 to 7000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Epidendrum arbusculum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 93; Fol. Orch. n. 277; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 410. Soura Mexico, San Juan, Socotepec (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 12. Epidendrum aromaticum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 10; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n.55; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 338; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 89. Epidendrum incumbens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 45. GUATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II1., Movember 1883. 29 226 ORCHIDEZ. 13. Epidendrum asperum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 6; Fol. Orch. n. 61; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 339. Panama (Cuming, 1250).—CoLomBia; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 14. Epidendrum atropurpureum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p.115; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 344, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 33, 51 et 81. Epidendrum macrochilum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3534; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t.17; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xi. p. 243, cum ic. color. in Fl. des Serres, iv. t. 372 iterata; Lindl. Fol. n. 79. Cymbidium cordigerum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 341. Guatemala (Skinner, Wendland); Nicaragua, Segovia (Crsted); Costa Rica, Guanacaste (@rsted); Panama (Sinclair ; Cuming).—Cupa; Cotompia; Peru, Hb. Kew. 15. Epidendrum aurantiacum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 8, et Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 12; Lindl. Fol. n.1; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 311; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr. Am. p. 80, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 27. Epidendrum aureum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 5. Broughtonia aurea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Mise. p. 19. Soutu Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 879), Oaxaca (Karwinskt) ; GuaTEMALA, Duefias (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 16. Epidendrum auritum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 4, et Fol. Orch. n.13; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 528. Dinema paleaceum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, p. 51. _ Epidendrum paleaceum, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 80, et in Refug. Bot. ii. t. 87. Epidendrum lindenianum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. sér. 3, ii. p. 20. Mazillaria boothi, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1888, Mise. p. 52. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Linden, 210), Orizaba (Bourgeau), region of Oaxaca (Leibold ; Inebmann; Galeotti; Jurgensen; Ehrenberg); GuaTEMaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli); Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland).—Gutana. Hb. Kew. 17. Epidendrum barbs, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 83. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba at 10,000 feet (Wendland). 18. Epidendrum belizense, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 78. British Honpvuras, imported and cultivated by W. W. Saunders. [. boothianum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 5, recorded as Cuban, is included in Bateman’s list of the Orchids of Mexico and Guatemala. | 19. Epidendrum brachiatum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 20; Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. xiii. p. 648. South Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti). Lindley reduced this to his Epidendrum glaucum, and the specimens he received from Galeotti (numbered 27 and 28) seem to be that species; but Reichenbach, who has the type-specimen, restores it to the rank of an independent species. ORCHIDEA. 22,7 20. Epidendrum brassavole, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 729, et Beitr. Orch. Centr. Am. p. 35; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 7; Bot. Mag. t. 5664. GuATEMALA (Skinner); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 21. Epidendrum caligarium, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 1110. Mexico. 22. Kpidendrum campylostalix, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 730; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 32 et 80, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 28; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 2. GuATEMALA (Skinner); Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland), without locality (Car- miol); Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 23. Epidendrum candollei, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 55, et Fol. Orch. n. 28; DC. Pl. Rar. Genev., huit. not. p. 15, t. 3; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 327. Epidendrum cepiforme, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3765. South Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 10), Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), without locality (Parkin- son). Hb. Kew. 24. Epidendrum carinatum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 191; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 381. Sout Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 647). Hb. Kew. 25. Epidendrum centropetalum, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 732, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 37 et 54; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 215; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 388. | Cirstedella centropetala, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 932, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 40, t. 17. figg. 6-8. Cirstedella centradenia, Rchb. f. loc. cit. ? Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 7000 feet (Hrsted); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui _(Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. | We are in doubt whether Reichenbach would include Grstedella centradenia in this species. In Walpers’s ‘ Annales’ it is cited under Epidendrum centropetalum, perhaps” through a slip, for it is not given as a synonym in the later work, ‘ Beitrége zur Orchi- deenkunde Central-Amerikas.’ 26. Epidendrum chiriquense, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 730; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 342; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 833; Xenia Orch. i. p. 164, t. 57. Epidendrum varicosum, Batem. in Lind. Fol. Orch. n. 71, ex parte. PanaMa, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 27. Epidendrum chloe, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 327. GuaTEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 28. Epidendrum chloroleucum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3557; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 831. | Epidendrum chloranthum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 25. Epidendrum chloroleucum, var. fusco-luteum, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1855, p. 19. Mexico (ex fegel). 292 228 ORCHIDEA. The typical E. chloroleucum is a native of Guiana; therefore it is probable that Regel’s variety belongs to another species. 29. Epidendrum chlorops, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. xiv. p. 524. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Backhouse. 30. Epidendrum chondylobolbon, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, ili. p. 20; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 131; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 360. | South Mexico (Galeotti), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3082). Hb. Kew. 31. Epidendrum ciliare, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 224, t. 179. fig. 89; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 90; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 347; Bot. Reg. t. 784. Auliza ciliaris, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p: 294. 6. cuspidatum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 30; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 347; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 10 (species) ; Bot. Reg. t. 783. Epidendrum ciliare, Bot. Mag. t. 463. y. Viscidum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 30, et Bot. Reg. 1840, Mise. p. 81 (species). Sourh Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann, 452, 453, 454), Morelia at 4000 feet, and Cordillera of Oaxaca at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 5087, 5216); GuaTEMaLa (Bernoulli), common everywhere (Godman & Salvin)—West Inpius and Tropical Sours AMERICA, widely dispersed and common. Hb. Kew. 32. Epidendrum clavatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1870, et Fol. Orch. n. 93: Walp. Ann. vi. p. 349. Epidendrum purpurascens, Focke in Tijdschr. Natuurk. Wetensk. iv. p. 64. Costa Rica (Warscewicz).—CotomBia to Guiana. Hb. Kew. 33. Epidendrum clowesii, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p- 16; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 170; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 373. GUATEMALA (ex Bateman). Hb. Kew. 34. Epidendrum cnemidophorum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 168; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 372; Bot. Mag. t. 5656. GuATEMALA, at 7000 feet (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 35. Kpidendrum cochleatum, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1351; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 128; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 359; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 605; Bot. Mag. t. 572; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 52 et 83. Anacheilium cochleatum, Hoffmansegg in Linnea, xvi. Litt.-Ber. p. 229. SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 896), Mirador (Sartorius), Zacuapan &c. (Galeotti, 5107), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1922); Guaremata, very common and widely distributed (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua. Segovia (Girsted); Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland)—Wust Inpies, common; VrenrzueLta. Hb. Kew. ORCHIDE. 229 36. Epidendrum collare, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 60, et Fol. Orch. n. 121; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 357. Guatemata (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 37. Epidendrum concolor, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p- 25; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 40; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 332. - Sourn Mexico, on trees near Valladolid (La Lilave). 38. Epidendrum coriifolium, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. vi. p. 218, cum ic. xylogr., et Fol. Orch. n. 240; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 400. CenTRAL America (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 39. Epidendrum costaricense, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 937, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 52; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 348; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 310. Costa Rica, Cartago el Viejo (Grsted). Hb. Kew. | 40. Epidendrum costatum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 21; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 197; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 383. SoutH Mexico (Galeott:). Hb. Kew. 41. Kpidendrum criniferum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1291, et n. s. li. p. 419. Costa Rica, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Veitch of Chelsea. 42. Kpidendrum delicatissimum, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 36. CENTRAL AMERICA (ex Reichenbach). 43. Epidendrum densiflorum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 8791. Epidendrum agathosmicum, Rehb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 841; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 413; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 292. Epidendrum rubro-cinctum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 9. Mexico (Parkinson).— VENEZUELA. 44, Epidendrum difforme, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 223, t. 136; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 402, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 53 et 86. _Epidendrum umbellatum, Swartz, in Nov. Act. Ups. vi. p. 68; Bot. Mag. t. 2030; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 248; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W, Ind. p. 618. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3079); GUATEMALA, in woods near Samborondan (Hartweg); Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland), Matagalpa (Crsted).— West inpvies; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 45, Epidendrum diotum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 65, et Fol. Orch. n. 24; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 326. GuaTEMALA (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 46. Epidendrum distantiflorum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 19; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 9; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 323. Mexico; a sketch in the Lindley herbarium at Kew. 230 ORCHIDEZ. 47. Epidendrum eburneum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1867, pp. 404 et 544; Bot. Mag. t. 5643. PanaMA, in swamps by the railway, a few miles from Colon (P. Henderson). 48. Epidendrum elegans, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 374. Barkeria elegans, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 7, cum ic. color.; Bot. Mag. t. 4784; Fl. des Serres, t. 959; Ill. Hort. t. 23. Mexico (Ocampo). Hb. Kew. 49. Epidendrum ensatum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 22; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 250; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 403. Mexico (Galeotti). 50. Epidendrum equitans, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 44, et Fol. Orch. n. 237; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 397; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 53. . SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Hahn), Mirador (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Hartweg) ; NicaraGua, Segovia, 4000 feet (Hirsted). Hb. Kew. | 51. Epidendrum erubescens, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 87, et Fol. Orch. n. 95; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 32; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 350. SoutH Mexico, region of Oaxaca, 7500 to 8500 feet (Karwinski; Galeotti, 5007 ; Ghiesbreght). Tb. Kew. | 52. Epidendrum exasperatum, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 85. Costa Rica, Naranjo and Cartago (Wendland). 53. Epidendrum falcatum, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, et Fol. Orch. n. 91, excl. syn. Epidendrum parkinsonianum, Hook., et E. aloifolium, Batem.; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 848 ; Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 36 et 51, et Gard. Chron. n. s. ix. p. 724, sub L. parkinsoniano. Epidendrum lactiflorum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. sér. 8, iii. p. 22. Mexico, Oaxaca (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 54. Epidendrum favoris, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. ii. p. 98. MExico, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Backhouse of York. 55. Epidendrum firmum, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 87. Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland). 56. Epidendrum flabellatum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 15; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 324. Mexico (Harris). Hb. Kew. 57. Epidendrum flavovirens, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 85. GuATEMALA, Las Nubes ( Wendland). 58. Epidendrum floribundum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 353, t. 86; Bot. Mag. t. 3637; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 293, excl. syn. E. densifloruin ; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 85. ORCHIDEZ. 931 Costa Rica, between Naranjo and Cartago (Wendland).—VENEZUELA ; COLOMBIA. Hb. Kew. 59. Epidendrum fragrans, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1487; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 122; Bot. Mag. t. 1669; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1039; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 615; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 357. Epidendrum emulum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1898 ? Epidendrum lineatum, Salisb. Prodr. p. 10. — Guaremaa (Skinner).—Southward to Ecuapor and Braziz, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 60. Epidendrum fruticosum, Pav. ex Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 101, et Fol. Orch. n. 202; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 384. — Mexico (hb. Pavon). Hb. Kew. 61. Epidendrum funckianum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 8, iii. p. 21; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 282; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 410. Mexico (Galeotti). 62. Epidendrum galeottianum, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 21; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 200; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 383. Mexico (Galeotti). A sketch in the Lindley herbarium, Kew. 63. Epidendrum ghiesbreghtianum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 19; Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1868, p. 815. Sourn Mexico, near Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght ; Liebmann). Ub. Kew. 64. Epidendrum globosum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 222, t. 133; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 104. Isochilus globosum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 112. Cymbidium globosum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1467. Nicaragua, Pearlkey Lagoon, Mosquito Coast (Wullschldgel).—W ust INDIEs ; GUIANA. 65. Epidendrum glaucum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 29; Fol. Orch. n. 16, excl. syn. E. brachiatum, A. Rich. et Gal. Epithecia glauca, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. i1. t. 87. Prosthechea glauca, ib. ii. p. 111. Mexico (Barker cult.). Hb. Kew. 66. Epidendrum glumibracteatum, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xvi. p. 11, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 35. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). 67. Epidendrum gratiosum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 215. New Span (hb. Ruiz & Pavon). 252 ORCHIDEZ. 68. Epidendrum gravidum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 114, et Fol. Orch. n. 65; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 340. _ SovutH Mexico, near Xapatam (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 69. Epidendrum guttatum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 20; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 59; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 339. Mexico (Galeotti). 70. Epidendrum hanburii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 46, et Fol. Orch. n.77; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 344; Reg. Gartenfl. t. 398. Sourn Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 829 bis). Hb. Kew. 71. Epidendrum hastatum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 82, et Fol. Orch. n. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 310. Souta Mexico, San Pedro, Oaxaca (Harwinski). Hb. Kew. 72. Epidendrum imatophyllum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 106, et Fol. Orch. n. 222; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 391; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 54. Nicaraaua (Wright; Crsted).— Guiana; Norru Braziu. Hb. Kew. 73. Epidendrum imbricatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 110, et Fol. Orch. n. 248; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 401; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 40. Costa Rica, at 9000 to 10,000 feet (Warscewicz).—BRAZzIL. 74, Epidendrum incomptum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 733; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 278; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 410; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 38. GuaTEeMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 75. Epidendrum ionophlebium, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 103. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 76. Epidendrum karwinskii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 327 (nomen nudum); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 399. Tsochilus cernuum, Lind]. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1842, x. p. 184. Mexico (Karwinskt). 77. Epidendrum lacertinum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, p. 53, et Fol. Orch. n. 252; Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. ii. p. 309; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 403. . Epidendrum indusiatum, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1854, p. 177. GuaTemaLa (Skinner ; Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. . 78. Epidendrum lamprocaulon, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 732; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 194; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 382. South Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5265). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 233 79. Epidendrum lancifolium, Pavon, ex Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 98, et Fol. Orch. n. 129; Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 50; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 359. SoutH Mexico, without locality (hb. Pavon), Talea (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 80. Epidendrum latilabre, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 77, et Fol. Orch. n. 249; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 403; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 53. Epidendrum virens, Hoffmannsegg in Linnea, xvi. Litter.-Ber. p. 233? Costa Rica, Cartago (rsted).—West Inptus to Peru and BRazit. 81. Epidendrum ledifolium, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 21; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 257; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 405. Mexico (Galeotti), between San Luis Potosi and Tampico (Palmer, 1149). Hb. Kew. 82. Epidendrum leucomelanum, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 83, et in Refug. Bot. ii. sub tab. 140: Mexico (Schiede). 83. Epidendrum lignosum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc. p-. 28; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 188; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 380. SoutH Mexico, mountains of Valladolid (La Lave). 84. Epidendrum ligulatum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr.-ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 10; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 323. SoutH Mexico, Irapean mountains (La Llave). 85. Epidendrum limbatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 69, et Fol. Orch. n. 17; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 325. GUATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 86. Epidendrum lindleyanum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 375. Barkeria lindleyana, Batem. in, Bot. Reg. 1842, Mise. p. 2, et Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 28; Bot. Mag. t. 6098. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 5500 feet (Galeotti, 5068), Michoacan (Kar- winski); Costa Rica (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 87. Epidendrum linkianum, KI. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p- 298; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 39; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 332. Epidendrum pastoris, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Bot. Berol. t. 12, nec Llav. et Lex. Epidendrum tripterum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 83, et Fol. Orch. n. 58. South Mexico, near Teoxomulco, Oaxaca (Karwinski), without locality (Deppe). Hb. Kew. 88. Epidendrum luteoroseum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p- 19; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 14; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 324. Mexico (Galeottt). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II]., November 1883. 2h 234 ORCHIDEZ. 89. Epidendrum macrobotryum, Lind]. ex Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 327. GUATEMALA. 90. Epidendrum marmoratum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 21; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 1382; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 360; Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. 8. v. p. 688; Xenia Orch. ili. p. 32. Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti ; Roezl). Hb. Kew. 91. Epidendrum melanocaulon, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 375. Barkeria melanocaulon, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, iii. p. 22. . SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5069), without locality (Jurgensen, 830). Hb. Kew. | 92. Epidendrum meliosmum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 989. Mexico, imported and cultivated by W. W. Saunders. 93. Epidendrum michuacanum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii, Orch. Opuse. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 72; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 342. South Mexico, mountains of Mechoacan and near Valladolid (Za Lave). 94. Epidendrum microbulbon, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 347; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 46; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 334. Soutn Mexico, Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti; R. Smith). Hb. Kew. 95. Epidendrum microcharis, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 124, et Xenia Orch. iii. p. 12, t. 208. | GUATEMALA, imported and cultivated by W. W. Saunders. 96. Epidendrum microdendron, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 84. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba ( Wendland). 97. Epidendrum myodes, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 86. Costa Rica, Naranjo and Volcan de Turrialba (Wendland). 98. Epidendrum myrianthum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 184; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 378; Bot. Mag. t. 5556. GUATEMALA, at a great elevation (Skinner ; Klee). Hb. Kew. 99. Epidendrum nzvosum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 6; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 321. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5330). Hb. Kew. 100. Epidendrum nemorale, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 82, et Fol. Orch. n. 60; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 339. Epidendrum verrucosum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, t. 51; Bot. Mag. t. 4606; Jard. Fleur. t. 258 (ic. Bot. Mag. iterata). SoutH Mexico, near Sultepec (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 235 101. Epidendrum nitens, Rchb. f Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 82. GuatemALa, Las Nubes ( Wendland). 102. Epidendrum nocturnum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 225, t. 139; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 105, et Fol. Orch. n. 254; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 404; Bot. Reg. t. 1961; Bot. Mag. t. 3298; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 52; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 713. Epidendrum discolor, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 22. Epidendrum tridens, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. t. 103. Epidendrum spruceanum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 253. - Sourn Mexico (Galeotti); Guarmmata, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Nicaraceva, Segovia ((rsted).—CotomBia to Peru, Guiana, and BraziL, and common in the Wrst Inpigrs. Hb. Kew. | 103. Epidendrum nonchinense, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 324, Refug. Bot. ii. t. 139, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 103. Broughtonia chinensis, Lindl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. p. 492. Leliopsis chinensis, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 156. Costa Rica, Ojo de Agua (Hoffmann). Hb. Kew. Originally collected by Hinds in some part of Central America, and sorted into his Hongkong collections; hence Lindley’s specific name. 104. Epidendrum nubium, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 81. GuatemMALA, Las Nubes ( Wendland). 105. Epidendrum obtusum, A. DC. Pl. Rar. Genev. huit. not. p.17; Lindl. _ Fol. Orch. n. 47; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 334. Mexico (Paccard). 106. Epidendrum ochraceum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, p. 14, t. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 18; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 825; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 88; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. pp. 51 et 81. Epidendrum triste, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 20; Lindl. Fol. n. 19. Souta Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 601, 645), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3013), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1916) ; GuatemaLa, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner; Bernoulli) ; Cosra Rica, Cartago (Wendland), Volcan de Irazu at 8000 feet (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 107. Epidendrum erstedii, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 937, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 52; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 348; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 309. Costa Rica, Cartago el Viejo (Ersted). 108. Epidendrum oncidioides, Lind]. Bot. Reg. t. 1623, et Fol. Orch. n, 29; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 327. | 2h2 236 ORCHIDEZ. Epidendrum graniticum, Lind]. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 83. Epidendrum affine, Focke in Bot. Zeit. 1858, p. 341. Epidendrum spectabile, Focke in Bot. Zeit. 1853, p. 229. Epidendrum guatemalense, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 249. GUATEMALA.—GUIANA; BRAZIL. 109. Epidendrum ovalifolium, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 104, et Fol. Orch. n. 207; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 386. Mexico (hb. Pavon). Hb. Kew. 110. Epidendrum ovulum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 55, et Fol. Orch. n. 42; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 333: SoutH Mexico, near Bolafios (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 111. Epidendrum pallens, Rchb. f Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 82. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba at 9000 feet (Wendland). 112. Epidendrum palpigerum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n.s. xii. p. 40. MEXIco, imported and cultivated by Mr. W. Bull of Chelsea. 113. Epidendrum panthera, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 326. SourH Mxxtco, Chiapas (Linden); Guatemata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 114. Epidendrum paranthicum, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 732, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 37; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 214; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 387. GUATEMALA ( Warscewicz). 115. Epidendrum parkinsonianum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3778; Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. n.s. ix. p. 724; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 91, sub E. falcato; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 36 et 51, sub £. falcato. Epidendrum alotfolium, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 25. Mexico (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. There are probably other specimens in Kew herbarium belonging to this species, which Reichenbach states is distinct from E. falcatum with which Lindley had united it. 116. Epidendrum pastoris, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 23; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 41; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 333. Sourn Mexico, Mechoacan (La Llave). 117. Epidendrum patens, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1495; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 235; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 384; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1537; Bot. Mag. t. 3800. GuatemaLa (Skinner).—Jamatca; Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 118. Epidendrum pentadactylum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 89; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 375, Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 54, et Xenia Orch. i. t. 48. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 9000 feet (Grsted). ORCHIDEZ. 237 119. Epidendrum pergameneum, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 86. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 120. Epidendrum pheniceum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 57, Sert. Orch. t. 46, et Fol. Orch. n. 78; Fl. des Serres, t. 306 (var. vanillosmum). Epidendrum grahami, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3885. Mexico (ex Hooker).—Cusa. 121, Epidendrum phyllocharis, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. iii. p. 11, t. 208. Costa Rica (Endres). 122, Epidendrum phymatoglossum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 781, Xenia Orch. i. p. 164, t. 57, et in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 342. Mexico ( Warscewicz). 123. Kpidendrum physodes, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 289. Costa Rica (Zahn). 124. Epidendrum piliferum, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 82. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz ; Wallis; Zahn). 125. Epidendrum platystigma, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 82. Costa Rica, San Miguel (Wendland). 126. Epidendrum polyanthum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 106, et Fol. Orch. n. 187 (excl. var. 8); Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 34; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 112. Epidendrum bisetum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 68. Epidendrum funiferum, Morr. Aun. Gand, iv. p. 211, t. 198. Epidendrum colorans, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 250. Epidendrum lansbergii, Regel, Cat. Hort. Petrop. 1855, p. 19? Sourn Muzxico, Talea (Hartweg), Vera Cruz (Galeotti); Guatemana (Bernoulli).— VENEZUELA; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 127. Epidendrum polybulbon, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. iii. p. 1491; Hook. Exot, Fl. t. 112; Bot. Mag. t. 4067. Dinema polybulbon, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. pl. p. 111. South: Mexico, Mirador (Sartorius), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 681), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2470; Bilimek); Guatemata (Skinner). —Jamatca; Cupa. Hb. Kew. : 128. Epidendrum porpax, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 220, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 868, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 53. Nicaragua, Segovia (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 238 ORCHIDEA. 129. Epidendrum porphyreum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 86, t. 7, et Fol. Orch. n. 1771 GuaTEeMALa (Bernoulli). Hb. Kew. The type is from Peru. 130. Epidendrum pratense, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 84. Guatema.a ( Wendland). 131. Epidendrum prismatocarpum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 729; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 322; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 34; Bot. Mag. t. 5336; Warner, Sel. Orch. i. t. 9; Kenia Orch. ii. t. 129. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 5000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 132. Kpidendrum propinguum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 405; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 259. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba at 7800 feet (Liebmann, 78 ; Bilimek, 427), without locality (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 133. Epidendrum pruinosum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p.- 20; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 352; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 106. Mexico (Galeotti). 134. Epidendrum pseudepidendrum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 160, t. 53, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 414, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Ann. p. 39. | Pseudepidendrum spectabile, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 738. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 4000 feet (Warscewicz ; Zahn). 135. Epidendrum pterocarpum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 82, et Fol. Orch. n. 22; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 326: Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 34. _ Epidendrum cinnamomeum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 19. South Mexico, Oaxaca at 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5100). Hb. Kew. 136. Epidendrum radiatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 58, et 1844, t. 45; Fol. Orch. n. 130; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 359. Epidendrum marginatum, Kl. in Link, Kl. & Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Bot. Berol. p. 90, t. 36. Epidendrum bracteolatum, Presl. Reliq. Henk. i. p. 100? Souta Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Oaxaca and Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 9020, 5161), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2473); GuaTeMaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 137. Epidendrum radicans, Pav. in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 104, et Fol. Orch. n 220; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 390; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 54. Epidendrum rhizophorum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 8. SoutH Mexico, between Tomatlan and Orizaba (Liebmann, 98), near Cordova (Hahn, 2303), near Comaltepec (Hartweg); GuatemaLa, Duefias (Godman & Salvin), without ORCHIDEZ. 239 locality (Bernoulli, 244; Skinner) ; Ntcaraaua, Realejo (Sinclair), summit of Volcan de Masaya (CGirsted) ; Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 138. Epidendrum ramonense, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 81. Costa Rica, San Ramon ( Wendland). 139. Epidendrum ramosum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 221, t. 132; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 102, et Fol. Orch. n. 238; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 399. Isochilus ramosum, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 11. p. 734. Epidendrum rigidum, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1600, non Jacquini. Sourn Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz and Tonaguia, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca, Pacific side, at 5000 feet (Galeottt, 5034)—Cusa and Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 140. Epidendrum raniferum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 109, et Fol. Orch. n. 167; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 372; Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 42. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Hahn), without locality (Barber). Hb. Kew. 141. Epidendrum resectum, Rehb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 82. PanaMA, Volcan de Chiriqui (Zahn). 142. Epidendrum rhynchophorum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 20; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 107; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 352. Souto Mexico, Vera Cruz at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5077). Hb. Kew. 143. Epidendrum rigidum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 222, t. 134; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 110, et Fol. Orch. n. 239; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 400; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 314. Sourh Mexico, region of Orizaba (Hahn)—West InDiIes; Guiana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 144. Epidendrum scriptum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 22; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 264; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 407. | Mexico (Galeotti). 145. Epidendrum sculptum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 89. Panama, Chagres (Keferstein). 146. Epidendrum secundum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 224, t. 137; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 108. Epidendrum elongatum, Jacq, Coll. iii. p. 260, et Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 604; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 107, et Fol. Orch. in 231; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 395; Bot. Mag. t. 611. Amphiglottis secunda, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 294. Sourn Mexico, near Jalapa (Leibold).—VunnzueLa ; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 147. Epidendrum selligerum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 40; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 26; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 327. 240 ORCHIDEZ. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5096, 5097); Guaremata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 148. Epidendrum seriatum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 183; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 347; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 90. SoutH Mexico, Zacuapan (Leibold), Mirador (inden), Oaxaca, 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5233); GuaremaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 149. Epidendrum sisyrinchiifolium, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 19; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 70; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 341. Mexico (Galeottt). 150. Epidendrum skinneri, Batem. in Bot. Reg. t. 1881; Bot. Mag. t. 3951; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 196; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 382; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 37. Epidendrum fuchsii, Regel in Schweiz. Zeitschr. Gartenb. 1851, p. 202. Barkeria skinneri major, Paxt. Mag. Bot. xv. p. 1, cum ic. color. Sovta Mexico, Comitan (Hartweg) ; Guatemaa, San Geronimo, Alotenango, Duefias, Acatenango (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner ; Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 151. Epidendrum spectabile, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 375. Barkeria spectabilis, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1842, Mise. p. 43, et Orch. Mex. & Guat.t. 33 ; Bot. Mag. t. 4094. SoutH Mexico (Karwinski); Guatemaua (Skinner ; Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 152. Epidendrum spondiadum, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 731, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 856, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 36; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 119. Costa Rica, growing on Spondias (Warscewicz). Tb. Kew. 153. Epidendrum squalidum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc, p- 24; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 20; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 326. Soutn Mexico, mountains near Vallisoletum (La Lave). 154. Kpidendrum stamfordianum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 11; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 88; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 415; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 36, 52 et 103; Bot. Mag. t. 4759; Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 251 (var. pictum). Epidendrum basilare, KI). in Link, KI. & Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. t. 45. Epidendrum cycnostaliz, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 731, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 36. SoutH Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 971); GUATEMALA (Skinner) ; Nicaraaua, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted); Costa Rica, Ojo de Agua (Hoffmann); Panama, Chiriqui ( Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 155. Kpidendrum stangeanum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n.s. xv. p. 462. Panama (Stange). ORCHIDEZ. 241 156. Epidendrum stenopetalum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3410; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 247; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 402. Epidendrum lamellatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. Misc. p. 46. Isochilus elegans, Focke, Tijdschr. Natuurk. Weten. iv. p. 68. Honpuras (Sir C. Lemon); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 332).— VENEZUELA ; GUIANA ; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 157. Epidendrum strophinx, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 78, et Refug. Bot. ii. sub tab. 139. GUATEMALA. 158. Epidendrum subaquilum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, sub tab. 64, et Fol. Orch. n. 8; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 322. Mexico or GuatemaLa (Warner). Hb. Kew. 159. Epidendrum subulatifolium, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, lil. p. 21. Mexico (Galeott?). 160. Epidendrum teres, Rchb.f. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 220, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 898, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 93. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann); Nicaracua, Volcan el Viejo at 5500 feet (Grsted) ; Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 10,000 feet (Hrsted). Hb. Kew. 161. Epidendrum tessellatum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 7; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 69; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 340; Bot. Mag. t. 8638; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 34 et dl. Epidendrum lividum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 51. Epidendrum articulatum, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. 1838, p. 297. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca 3000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5320); Guatemata (Skinner) ; Costa Rica, Acapillita (Crsted); Panama, Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 162. Epidendrum tetraceros, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 733; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 403, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 39; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 251. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. | 163. Epidendrum trachycarpum, Lindl. in Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p.172, et Fol. Orch. n. 66; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 340. South Mexico, Manzanilla Bay (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 164. Epidendrum trachychilum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 57; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 338. Epidendrum alatum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 92. GUATEMALA, Cumbre de Chuacus (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IL1., November 1883. 2% 242 ORCHIDEZ. 165. Epidendrum tripunctatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 66, et Fol. Orch. n. 12, nec n. 126; Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n.s8. xvi. p. 38. Mexico (Harrison). 166. Epidendrum? turbinatum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch.Opusc. p. 41; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 300; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 417. Mexico (La Llave). A very doubtful species. 167. Epidendrum turialvz, Rchb. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1678. Epidendrum, n. sp.?, Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 85. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba (Wendland). 168. Epidendrum vandifolium, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 269, et Fol. Orch. n. 211; Walp. Ann. vi, p. 387. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges. 169. Epidendrum varicosum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 30; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 71; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 841, pro parte; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 80, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 163, t. 56. Enidendrum leiobulbon, Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 308, t. 10. Epidendrum quadratum, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1850, p. 402. Souta Mexico, Hacienda del Carmen (Hartweg), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 832); GuaTEMALA, Las Nabes (Wendland), above Calderas (Godman & Salvin), without — locality (Skinner); Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Veraguas ( Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 170. Epidendrum venosum, Lind]. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 99, et Fol. Orch. n. 104; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 551. Epidendrum ensicaulon, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 19. Soura Mexico, near Morelia (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 171. Epidendrum vieji, Rchb. f. Bonplandia, 1855, p. 220, Xenia Orch. i. p. 189, t. 48, Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 53; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 381. Guatemata (Skinner); Nicaragua, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 172. Epidendrum virens, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. sub t. 30, et Fol. Orch. n. 54; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 337. Epidendrum wageneri, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 250. Epidendrum ochranthum, A. Rich. in Ram. de la Sagra, Fl. Cub. t. 78. GuATEMALA (Skinner).—CuBa; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 173. Epidendrum virgatum, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 83, et Fol. Orch. n. 88; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 332. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Karwinski ; Galeotti, 5080); GuaTEMALA, in the mountains of Coban &c. (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDE. 243 174. Epidendrum vitellinum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 97, Fol. Orch. n. 4, et Sert. Orch. t. 45; Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 35; Bot. Mag. t. 4107; Fl. des Serres, t. 1026; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 34. Soutn Mexico, Oaxaca at 5000 to 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5104), summit of Totontepec (Hartweg), Jalapa (Coulter, 1532); GuaTeMata, above San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin ; Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. | 175. Epidendrum volutum, Lindl. in Lindl: & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 151, fig. 215, et Fol. Orch. n. 114; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 304. CentraL America (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 176. Epidendrum warscewiczii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 732, Xenia Orch. i. p. 69, t. 26, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 38. Costa Rica (Warscewicz); Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). 177. Epidendrum, sp. (aff. L. piperino). | Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3104). Hb. Kew. Typical E. piperinum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 245, is a native of Peru. 178. Epidendrum (Barkeria), sp. GuateMaLa, Duefias (Godman & Salvin, 47). Hb. Kew. 179. Epidendrum, sp. Guatemata, Ysabal (Godman & Salvin, 100). Hb. Kew. 180. Epidendrum, sp. Souro Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3010). Hb. Kew. 181. Epidendrum, sp. GuatemaLa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 182. Epidendrum, sp. GuaTEMALA, Duefias (Godman & Salvin, 101). Hb. Kew. 33. CATTLEYA. Cattleya, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 33 & 87, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 116; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 531. A Tropical-American genus of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Cattleya citrina, Lindl. Bot. Reg. xxx. sub t.5, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p- 117; Bot. Mag. t. 3742; Regel, Gartenflora, t. 931. Cattleya karwinskii, Mart. Ausw. merkw. Pfi. p. 14, t. 10. Epidendrum citrinum, Rchb. £. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 31, et in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 317. Sobralia citrina, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Deser., Orch. Opuse. p. 21. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller), region of Oaxaca, 7000 to 10,000 feet (Galeotti, 27%2 244 ORCHIDE. 9102; Hartweg ; Karwinski) ; Mechoacan (Ghiesbreght), Valladolid, Morelia (La Lilave). Hb. Kew. 2. Cattleya dowiana, Batem. in Gard. Chron. 1866, p. 922 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5618; Warner, Sel. Orch. ii. t. 27; Rev. Hort. 1869, p. 80; Ill. Hort. t. 525. Costa Rica (Warscewicz ; Arce). Hb Kew. 3. Cattleya granulosa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, t.1; Bot. Mag. t. 5048. Epidendrum granulosum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 33, et in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 319. Guatemala (Skinner; Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 4, Cattleya labiata, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 33; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 157; Bot. Mag. t. 3998. Epidendrum labiatum, Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 29, in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 818, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 51. Cattleya mossie, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3669; Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 58; Warner, Sel. Orch. iii. t. 16 (varietates) . Cattleya lemoniana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 35. Cattleya warscewiczu, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 112; Xenia Orch. i. p. 78, t. 31. Cattleya wageneri, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 21; Xenia Orch. i. p. 28, t. 13. Cattleya liddemanniana, Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 29. Cattleya pallida, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. t. 48. Cattleya trianei, Linden et Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1860, p. 74. South Mexico, Tepic (Hartweg) ; Costa Rica, Turrialba ((rsted).—VENEZUELA to Brazit. Hb. Kew. . 5. Cattleya skinneri, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 13; Bot. Reg. xxx. sub t.5; Bot. Mag. t. 4270, et t. 4916 (var. parviflora) ; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xi. p. 193, cum ic. color. Cattleya deckeri, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855, p. 81. Epidendrum hiigelianum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 29; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 312, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 32 et 51. South Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 5118); Guatemana (Skinner ; Bernoulli), common in the Costa Grande to 2000 feet Escuintla, Cuyote- nango, Masatenango, &c. (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, near Segovia (Girsted) ; Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Wb. Kew. 34, BRASSAVOLA. Brassavola, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 216; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 533. A Tropical-American genus of about twenty species, extending from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Brassavola acaulis, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 152, fig. 216. Bletia acaulis, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 435; Xenia Orch. ii. p. 64, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. p. 41. CenTRAL AMERICA (Skinner ; Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. . 245 2. Brassavola cucullata, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, p. 216; Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. p. 85, cum ic. xylogr.; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 620. Epidendrum cucullatum, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1850; Bot. Mag. t. 543. Brassavola cuspidata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3722. Brassavola odoratissima, Regel, Gartenflora, t. 33. Brassavola appendiculata, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 23. Bletia cucullata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Aun. vi. p. 483; Xenia Orch. ii. p. 66. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca, 2500 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5089).—West InpIEs; VENE- ZUELA. Hb. Kew. 3. Brassavola lineata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4734. Brassavola matthieuana, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, p. 290. Bletia lineata, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 486; Xenia Orch. ii. p. 64, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 40. Costa Rica, at 1000 to 2000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 4. Brassavola nodosa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1465, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. PI. p. 114; Bot. Mag. t. 3229; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 621. Epidendrum nodosum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 226, t. 140. Bletia nodosa, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 437, Xenia Orch. ii. p. 65. Brassavola cordata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1913, in textu 1914. Bletia cordata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 436. Brassavola grandifloru, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 16. GuateMaLa (Skinner); Honpuras (Strangways); Nicaracua (Wright); Panama, Chagres (Mendler, 437).—North part of Sourh America and West InpIEs, common. Hb. Kew. 5. Brassavola pumilio, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 418. Bletia pumilio, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 438, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 62. | Sourn Mexico, Zacuapan (Letbold), without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 6. Brassavola rhopalorrhachis, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 855. Bletia rhopalorrhachis, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 487; Xenia Orch. ii. p. 65, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 55. GuaTEMALA (riedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica, Guanacaste (Grsted). 7. Brassavola venosa, Lind}. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 20, t. 39; Bot. Mag. t. 4021. Bletia venosa, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 488, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 65. Guatemaa (Godman & Salvin; Hartweg) ; Honpuras (ex Loddiges). Hb. Kew. 8. Brassavola, sp. Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 109). Hb. Kew. 35. LAGLIA. Lelia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 115, et Bot. Reg. 1842, sub t. 62; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 533. A Tropical-American genus of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 246 CORCHIDEZ. 1. Lelia acuminata, Lindl. 1841, Misc. p. 17, t. 24, et 1842, sub t. 62; Bot. Mag. t. 4905. Bletia acuminata, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 427, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 55. GuaTEMALA, Retaleuleu (Hartweg); Costa Rica (ex Loddiges). Hb. Kew. 2. Lelia albida, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 2, t. 54; Bot. Mag. t. 3957. Bletia albida, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 428, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 57. Lelia discolor, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 23. Sour Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 7500 feet (Galeotti, 5017), without altitude (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 3. Lelia anceps, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t, 1751, et 1842, sub t. 62; Bot. Mag. t. 3804; Bot. Reg t. 1947 (var. barkeriana). Bletia anceps, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 418, et Xenia Orch. li. p. 47, SourH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 153), Mirador (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3355), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 4, Lelia autumnalis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 27, et 1842, sub t. 62; Bot. Mag. t. 83817; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 9. Bletia autumnaiis, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Deser. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 17; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 427; Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 56. Sours Muxico, Morelia (La Liave), Oaxaca (Karwinski), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 5. Lelia digbyana, Benth. MSS. in Herb. Kew. Brassavola digbyana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 53; Bot. Mag. t. 4474. Bletia digbyana, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 422. Honpuras (Mrs. MacDonald). Hb. Kew. [Lelia flava, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 88, et 1842, t. 62, syn. Bletéa flava, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 431, is not a native of Mexico. | 6. Lelia furfuracea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 26, et 1842, sub t. 62; Bot. Mag. t. 3810. Bletia furfuracea, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 428, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 56. Sout Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg), Oaxaca 7500 to 8500 ( Galeotti, 5006 ; Karwinski), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 7. Lelia glauca, Benth. MSS. in Herb. Kew. Brassavola glauca, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 47, et 1840, t. 44; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 16; Bot. Mag. t. 4033. Bletia glauca, Rehb. f.in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 422, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 88. SourH Muxico, Jalapa (Henchman), Vera Cruz (Hartweg); Guatemata (Bernoulli, 301 ; Sinner). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEA, 247 8. Lelia majalis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 35, 1842, sub t. 62, et 1844, t. 30; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 23; Bot. Mag.t. 5667; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xi. p. 1, cum ic. color. Bletia speciosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 342; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 428. ‘Cattleya grahami, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 116. Bletia grandiflora, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 17; Rchb.f. Xenia Orch. ii. p- 55. SovutH Mexico, San Bartolo &c. at 8000 feet (Schiede ; Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 9. Lelia peduncularis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 9, et sub t. 62; 1845, t. 69. Bletia peduncularis, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 426, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 54. Mexico (ex Lindley); Guatemata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 10. Leelia rubescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 20, t. 41, et 1842, sub t. 42. Bletia rubescens, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 425; Xenia Orch. uu. p. 53. Mexico ?, Nicaragua, summit of Volcan el Viejo (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 11. Leelia superbiens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 46; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 38; Bot. Mag. t. 4090. GuATEMALA, Barrancas of Sachmarachon, near Comalapa (Skinner), near Copan (Godman & Salvin), Quesaltenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 12. Lelia violacea, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 89. Bletia violacea, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 426, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 55. Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeottt); Nicaracua, Masaya (rsted). 13. Lelia wendlandi, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 431. Bletia wendlandi, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 58, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 87. GuaTEMALA (Wendland). 36. SCHOMBURGKIA. Schomburgkia, Lindl. Sert. Orch. t. 10 et 13; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. p. 534. About twelve species restricted to Tropical America. 1. Schomburgkia galeottiana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 23; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 534. Schomburgkia tibicinis, var. grandiflora, Bot. Mag. t. 4476. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 2. Schomburgkia, tibicinis, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, p. 8, et Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 30; Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 30. Bletia tibicinis, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 429, Xenia Orch. ii. p. 58, e: Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 40 et 51. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Rio de Mico (Hriedrichsthal), near Peten 248 ORCHIDEZ. (Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Pearlkey Lagoon, Mosquito Coast (Wullschldgel); Costa Rica, Sapoa (Grsted). Hb. Kew. Tribe II. VANDEZ. 37. EULOPHIA. Eulophia, R. Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 686; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 535. A genus of about fifty species, chiefly in the Old World, and in Tropical and South Africa; a few in Tropical Asia; two in Australia; and one in Brazil. We find no allusion to the Mexican species in Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum.’ 1. Eulophia filicaulis, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. x. p. 184; Walp. Ann. vi.p.646. Mexico (Karwinski). 38. GALEANDRA. Galeandra, Lindl. in Bauer, Ill. Gen. Orch. t. 8; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 586. Restricted to Tropical America, where there are about six Species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Galeandra baueri, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 187, et Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 49; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 19 (ic. tamen ex adnot. in herb. Lindl. e plantis 2 diversis composita); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 649. | Sout Mexico, San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen), Kisatipa, ten leagues from Melacatepec (Ross), without locality (Hartweg); Guatemata (Skinner)—CoLomia ; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 39. POLYSTACHYA. Polystachya, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 103; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 540. About forty species, mostly in Tropical and South Africa; a few in India and the Malayan Peninsula, and the rest in America. 1. Polystachya cerea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 86; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 641. Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 5000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 5048). Hb. Kew. 2. Polystachya clavata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 61; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 642. British Honpuras, Belize (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 3. Polystachya lineata, Rchb. f. in Refug. Bot. ii. tt. 80 et 81 (var. elatior). South Muxico and GuaTeMana (Saunders cult.). 4, Polystachya luteola, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 103; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 639; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 628. Dendrobium polystachyon, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 20. ORCHIDE. 249 GuaTEMALa, Ysabal (Godman & Salvin), Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli).— VENEZUELA; GuIANA; West InpiEs, common. Hb. Kew. This is so like P. zeylanica, Lindl., as to be scarcely distinguishable. 5. Polystachya masayensis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 217; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 642, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 50 (varietates). NICARAGUA, summit of Masaya (rsted). Hb. Kew. 40. CYRTOPODIUM. Cyrtopodium, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 216; Benth. & Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 541. Of this genus upwards of twenty species are known, and they are widely dispersed in Tropical Asia, Africa, Madagascar, and America. 1. Cyrtopodium punctatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 188; Rehb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 404; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 666; Bot. Mag. t. 3507. Epidendrum punctatum, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1349. South Mexico, Jalapa (Leibold), Malpays de Naulingo (Schiede)—CoLomB1a to Gurana and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Cyrtopodium woodfordii, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1814; Bot. Reg. t. 1508. Cyrtopera woodfordii, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 189. Cyrtopera longifolia, Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 668, et in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 784 (var.? pachy- stelidia). Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz).—VENEZUELA; GUIANA; BraziL; West INDIES. 41. GOVENIA. Govenia, Lind]. in Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1709, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 161; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 542. A Tropical-American genus of about a dozen species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Govenia alba, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 25. Mexico (Galeotti). 2. Govenia andrieuxii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. $35, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 998. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 864) ; South Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieux, 88), without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 3. Govenia brevilabris, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 619. Eucnemis brevilabris, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 161. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 774), without locality (hb. Pavon), Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 2k 250 ORCHIDEZ. 4, Govenia capitata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1795; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 557; Benth. Pl. Hart. p. 72. Sour Mexico, Rancho del Ojo de Agua (Hartweq), Atotonilco el Chico (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 5. Govenia deliciosa, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 836, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 507. | Souta Mexico, Mirador (Heller), without locality (Schiede). [Govenia fasciata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1848, Misc. p. 70, originally reported from Mexico, is a native of Colombia and Peru, and not of the first country.] 6. Govenia liliacea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1836, sub t. 1795, et 1838, t. 13; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 556. Mazillaria liliacea, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 12. Sour Mexico, Valladolid (Za Llave), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2954), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7500 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 5083) ; Guarema.a, barrancas on the Cuesta of Mixco (Skinner), without locality (Bernoulli; Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 7. Govenia mutica, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 856, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 556, et Xenia Orch. iii. p. 46, t. 220. SourH Mexico, Zacuapan (Lezbold), Cordova (Hoge). 8. Govenia pauciflora, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. x. p. 184; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 996. | South Mexico, near Jesus del Monte (Karwinski), without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 9. Govenia quadriplicata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 75. Costa Rica, Volcan de Trazu (Wendland). 10. Govenia superba, Lindl. in Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1709, et Bot. Reg. t. 1795; Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 155 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 558. Mazxillaria superba, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 18. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5084), near Valladolid (La Liave).. Hb. Kew. In Kew herbarium there are specimens of what appears to be the same species from Jalapa (Linden), Zimapan (Coulter), and Guatemala (Bernoulli). 11. Govenia utriculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 46-; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 628. Govenia lagenophora, Lindl. /. c.; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 556. Cymbidium uiriculatum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1477. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 167)—Cusa; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 12. Govenia, sp. ? Sour Mexico, Jesus del Monte, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5203). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEA. — 251 | 42. ZYGOPETALUM. Zygopetalum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2748; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 542. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about forty species, extending from Costa Rica and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Zygopetalum aromaticum, Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 668, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 27. Warscewiczella aromatica, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann, vi. p. 654. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 2. Zygopetalum (Warscewiczella) bidentatum, Rchb. f. MSS. in herb. Kew. Souta Mexico, Chiapas ((Ghiesbreght, 772). Hb. Kew. 3. Zygopetalum burtii, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 543. Batemania burtii, Rchb. f. et Endres in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 1099; Bot. Mag. t. 6003. Costa Rica (ndres).—CoLoMBIA. 4. Zygopetalum cerinum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 651, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 26. Huntleya cerina, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 62, fig. 263. Pescatoria cerina, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 184, t. 65. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 5. Zygopetalum discolor, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 654, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 27, 48 et 75. | Warscewiczella discolor, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 636. Warrea discolor, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 265; Bot. Mag. t. 4830. Costa Rica, between Cartago and Naranjo (Grsted; Warscewicz; Wendland). Hb. Kew. 6. Zygopetalum grandiflorum, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 543. Batemania grandiflora, Rchb. f. m Bonplandia, 1856, p. 323. Galeottia grandiflora, A. Rich. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, ii. p. 25. MEXxico ((raleottz). 7, Zygopetalum (Kefersteinia) lacteum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 1290. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Wallis ; Endres). 8. Zygopetalum marginatum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 654. Warscewiczella marginata, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 636, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 61, t. 23. Warrea marginata, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 636. Warrea (Warscewiczella) quadraia, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1853, p. 647; Bot. Mag. t. 4766. CenTraL America (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 2h2 252 ORCHIDEZ. 9. Zygopetalum moritzii, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 658. Kefersteinia stapelioides, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 634, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 69, t. 25. Central America (ex Retchenbach).—VENEZUELA. 10. Zygopetalum wendlandi, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 74. Costa Rica, at the foot of the Volcan de Irazu (Wendland). 43. LYCOMORMIUM. Lycomormium, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 8833; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 611; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 545. Two or three species inhabiting Colombia and Central America. 1. Lycomormium cerinum, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xviii. p, 321. Peristeria cerina, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1953; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 607. Centra AMERICA (Knight). Hb. Kew. 44. XYLOBIUM. Xylobium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 897, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 547. A Tropical-American genus, of which sixteen species are known. 1. Xylobium brachypus, Hemsley. Mazillaria brachypus, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 734, Walp, Ann. vi. p. 507, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 30. Nicaracua, San Juan (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 2. Xylobium concavum, Hemsley. Maxillaria concava, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 4; Walp, Ann. vi. p. 511; Lindl. & Paxt, FI. Gard. i. p. 53, fig. 159. GuatEeMa.a (Hartwegq). 3. Xylobium elongatum, Hemsley. | Masillaria elongata, Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 69, fig. 264; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 508; Rchb.f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 30. CentTRAL AMERICA, without locality (Skinner); Costa Rica, San Ramon (Wendland) ; Panama, Cordillera of Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 4. Xylobium stachyobiorum, Hemsley. Masxillaria stachyobiorum, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 735. NicaraGua (Tate); Panama, Chiriqui at 6000 to 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 45. LACANA. Lacena, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 60; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 547. Confined te Mexico and Central America. ORCHIDEA. 253 1. Lacena bicolor, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 60, et 1844, t. 50; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 612; Ill. Hor. t. 33 (var. glabrata). Peristeria longiscapa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 25. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca ((thiesbreght); GUATEMALA, near Quezaltenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. . 2. Lacena spectabilis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 92, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 612, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 24 et 74; Bot. Mag. t. 6516. Nauenia spectabilis, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, p. 193. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 46. SIEVEKINGIA. Sievekingia, Rchb. f. Beitr. Syst. Pflanzenk. (1871), p. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 477. A monotype. 1. Sievekingia suavis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Syst. Pflanzenk. p. 3. Costa Rica (Endres). 47. COSLIOPSIS. Celiopsis, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 477. A monotype. 1. Celiopsis hyacinthosma, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 9. Panama (W. W. Saunders cult.). 48, LYCASTE. Lycaste, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. p.14; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 547. This genus is restricted to Tropical America, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru. About twenty-five species are known. Colax modestior, Rchb. f. (Hamb. Gart. Zeit. 1860, p. 14), from Guatemala? is probably a species of this genus in the sense of Bentham and Hooker. 1. Lycaste aromatica, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 16; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 600. , Mazillaria aromatica, Grah. in Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 219; Bot. Reg. t. 1871. Colax aromaticus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. Cur. Post. p. 307. Mexico (Lord Napier). 2. Lycaste candida, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 37, figg. 151 et 152, obiter et sub falso nomine L. leucantha, Klotzsch, fide Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 604, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 29, t. 5. Mazxillaria (Lycaste) brevispatha, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 217. Lycaste et Mazillaria biseriata et sordida, K\. ex Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 29. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 254 . ORCHIDE 3. Lycaste chrysoptera, Morr. in Ann. Gand, v. t. 232; Lindl. & Paxt. FI. Gard. i. p. 126; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 601. MExico. 4, Lycaste cochleata, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 126; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 601. . Mexico? ; 5. Lycaste consobrina, Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 669; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 600. Mexico ? 6. Lycaste crinita, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 39; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 601. Sour Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2088), Oaxaca (Loddiges). Hb. Kew. 7. Lycaste cruenta, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 126; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 601. Mavillaria cruenta, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 13. GuATEMALA, below Alotenango (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 8. Lycaste deppei, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 15; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 602; Gard. Chron. n. s. xvi. p. 717 (var. punctatissima). Mazillaria deppei, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1612; Bot. Mag. t. 3395. Souta Mexico, Jalapa (Deppe), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3080, 2466; Miller, 471). Hb. Kew. | 9. Lycaste dowiana, Endres et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s, ii. p. 194. Costa Rica (Warscewicz ; Endres; Zahn). 10. Lycaste lasioglossa, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 215; Bot. Mag. t, 6251. GUATEMALA (cultivated by Veitch). Hb. Kew. 11. Lycaste leucantha, K1. in Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1850, p. 402; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 603; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 29; Refug. Bot. 11. t. 102. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 12. Lycaste macrophylla, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, p. 14; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 602; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 28. Mazxillaria macrophylla, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 37, t. 64. Lycaste plana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Mise. p. 85, et 1843, t. 35. Panama, Cordillera of Chiriqui (Warscewicz).—CoLoMBIA to Bo.ivia. 13. Lycaste skinneri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 15; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 602. Mazxillaria skinneri, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 10, et Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 35; Bot. Mag. t. 4445. GuaTEMALA (Skinner), in forests at 4000 feet and upwards in Alta Vera Paz (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 255 14. Lycaste tricolor, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 185, ex Rchb. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 603, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 28, t. 4. Mazillaria (Lycaste) tricolor, K1. 1. ¢. GUATEMALA. 15. Lycaste xytriophora, Linden et Rchb. f. in Refug. Bot. ii. t. 131. Costa Rica (Carmiol).—Ecuapor or PERv. e 49. GONGORA. Gongora, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 117, t. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 549. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which about twenty species are enume- rated. They range from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Gongora armeniaca, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 52; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 593, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 22. Acropera armeniaca, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 94, fig. 66; Bot. Mag. t. 5501. Acropera cornuta, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 185. Nicaragua (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 2. Gongora aromatica, Rchb. f. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1854, p. 281 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 594, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 50. - Nicaragua, Segovia (rsted). [ Acropera batemani, mentioned in the description of A. armeniaca, and represented by a specimen in Lindley’s herbarium labelled ‘‘ Nicaragua, Skinner,” does not appear to have been described. | | 3. Gongora cassidea, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, p. 298, et Gard. Chron. n. s, ii, p. 822. Mexico; GuaTEMALA (Skinner). 4, Gongora galeata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 591. Mazillaria galeata, Lindl. in Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1645. Acropera loddigesii, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 172. . Acropera flavida, K1. in Otto et Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 217. Soura Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede ; Leibold), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1761), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2958). Hb. Kew. 5. Gongora galeottiana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 25; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 596. Mexico (Galeottt). 6. Gongora quinquenervis, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. Syst. p. 227; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 595. . Gongora maculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1616; Bot. Mag. t. 3687. 256 ORCHIDEA. Gongora fulva, var. vitellina, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 1. Gongora fulva, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 51. Gongora leucochila, Lemaire, F]. des Serres, i. t. 37. Gongora bufonia leucochila, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 17. Gongora maculata, var. alba, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 48. GuaTEMALA, Cativa Island, San Juan river (Friedrichsthal), without locality (Warsce- wicz).—CoLoMBIA to Peru and Guiana. 7. Gongora truncata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 42, et 1845, t.56; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 592. ¢ Mexico. Hb. Kew. 50. CORYANTHES. Coryanthes, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3102; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 549. About four or five species inhabiting Tropical America, from Guatemala and Vene- zuela to Guiana and Brazil. 1. Coryanthes picturata, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, pp. 832 et 415. Honpuras, Belize (Day cult.). 2. Coryanthes speciosa, var., Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 36; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 597. GUATEMALA. Typical speciosa is a native of Brazil, and Reichenbach suggests that Bateman’s plant belongs rather to C. maculata. 51. STANHOPEA. . Stanhopea, Frost in Hook. Bot. Mag. tt. 2948-9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 549. A Tropical-American genus of about twenty known species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Stanhopea bucephalus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 157, Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 24, et Fol. Orch. n. 3. Epidendrum grandiflorum, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. i. p. 94, t. 27. Anguloa grandiflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 345. Stanhopea grandiflora, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 587. Stanhopea jenischiana, Kramer in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 934. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 503); Panama (Jenisch). —Prrv. Hb. Kew. 2. Stanhopea calceolus, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 117; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 583, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 26. | CENTRAL AMERICA, without locality (Warscewicz). 3. Stanhopea cirrhata, Lindl. Journ. Hort. Lond. v. p. 37; Lindl. & Paxt. FI. Gard. i. p. 31, fig. 19; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 17; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 584; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 25. Nicaracua (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEA, 257 4. Stanhopea costaricensis, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit, 1860, p. 424, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 589. Costa Rica. 5. Stanhopea cymbiformis, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 84, t. 124. CENTRAL AMERICA ? The native country of this is not recorded; but we include it here because its affinities are with C. ruckeri and C. oculata. 6. Stanhopea devoniensis, Lindl. Sert. Orch. t. 1, et Fol. Orch. n. 13; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 586; Fl. des Serres, t. 974. Stanhopea maculosa, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. iii. t. 121 ? GuaTEeMALA (Genl. Dorrien). Hb. Kew. On publishing this species Lindley cited as synonyms Anguloa hernandezii and the other names of the “ Lynx Flower,” which he afterwards referred to S. tégrina. | 7. Stanhopea eburnea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1529; Bot. Mag. t. 3359; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 684; Lind]. Fol. Orch. n. 19. Stanhopea grandiflora, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 158, et Fol. Orch. n. 18. Ceratochilus grandiflorus, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1414. CENTRAL AMERICA *—VENEZUELA; GUIANA; BRAZIL. 8. Stanhopea ecornuta, Lemaire, Fl. des Serres, ii. t. 181; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 20; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 583; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 24, et Xenia Orch. i. t. 43; Bot. Mag. t. 4885. Stanhopeastrum ecornutum, Rehb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 927. GuATEMALA (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 9. Stanhopea fregeana, Rchb. f. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855. p. 813, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 589. Mexico (Pavon; Galeottt). 10. Stanhopea gibbosa, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 1254. CENTRAL AMERICA 2 11. Stanhopea graveolens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 59, 1845, sub t. 65, et Fol. Orch. n. 8, excl. ic. Lem.?; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 589. GUATEMALA 2 12. Stanhopea inodora, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 65, et Fol. Orch. n. 2 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 588; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 157, t. 165. Mexico, imported and cultivated by Messrs. Loddiges. 13. Stanhopea marshii, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 120, et in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 586. GUATEMALA 2 BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 21 258 ORCHIDEZ. 14. Stanhopea martiana, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 50, et 1843, t. 44; Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 27; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 12; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 586. Stanhopea velata, Morr. Ann. Gand, iii. p..335, t. 153. South Mexico (Galeotti ; Karwinski). 15. Stanhopea oculata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 158, Bot. Reg. t. 1800, et Fol. Orch. n. 4; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 587; Bot. Mag. t. 5300. Ceratochilus oculatus, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t..1764. Stanhopea guttulata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 75, ex Rchb. f. Stanhopea lindleyi, Zucc. ex Lindl. in Fol. Orch. sub n. 4. SoutH Mexico (Schiede ; Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 16. Stanhopea pulla, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 510, et Xenia Orch. iii. p. 205. Costa Rica (Endres). 17. Stanhopea quadricornis, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 5, et Fol. Orch. n. 9; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 590. CEenTRAL AMERICA (Rucker). Hb. Kew. 18. Stanhopea ruckeri, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1843, sub t. 44, et Fol. Orch. n. 7; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 589. Nicaracva (Grsted). 19. Stanhopea saccata, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 15; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 15; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 586. GUATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 20. Stanhopea tigrina, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t.7; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 11; Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 1; Bot. Mag. t. 4197; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 087; Ann. Gand, i. t. 21 (var. nigroviolacea). Anguloa hernandezu, Kunth, Synop. i. p. 332 (nomen tantum),. Mazillaria lyncea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 151 (nomen tantum). Coatzonte coxoahitl seu lyncea, Hernand. Rerum Med. Nov. Hisp. Thesaurus, p. 266 cum figura. SoutH Mzxico, Jalapa (Henchman), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 976). Hb. Kew. We have cited Hernandez because there is no doubt that this, or a very closely allied form, is the famous “ Lynx Flower” of the ‘Rerum Med.,’ which was adopted as the crest of the original Lyncean Academy of Rome. Independently of the figure of an entire plant reduced, the flower in various combinations is often used as an ornamental tailpiece. It also occurs in Colonna or Columna’s ‘ Ecphrasis’ (1616). 21. Stanhopea wardii, Loddiges in Lindl. Sert. Orch. t. 20; Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. t. 90; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 6; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 588; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 26, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 122. Stanhopea aurea, Lodd. in Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 11. ORCHIDEA. 209 Stanhopea amena, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 273. Stanhopea graveolens, Lem. Fl. des Serres, ii. Aug. 1846, ex Rchb. f. Guatemala (Skinner); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz).—Co.omsia ; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 22. Stanhopea warscewicziana, K1.in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 274; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 585; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 85, t. 125, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 10. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui ( Warscewicz) . 62. HOULLETTA. Houlettia, A. Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xv. p. 37; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 550. About six species in Tropical America, ranging from Costa Rica to Brazil. 1. Houlettia lansbergii, Lindl. et Rchb. f. in Regel’s Gartenflora, 1855, p. 2, t. 108; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 617. . Costa Rica (Lndres).—CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA. 2. Houlettia, sp. ? - Nicaraaua (Tate, 483). Hb. Kew. 53. PERISTERIA. Peristeria, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3116 et 3479 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 550. Two or three species in the Andes of Colombia. 1. Peristeria elata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3116; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p- 71; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 607. PanaMa, near the city of Panama (Harrison).—Peru. Hb. Kew. 54, ACINETA. Acineta, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. p. 67; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 551. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about eight or ten known species, which range from Mexico to Colombia. 1. Acineta barkeri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 68; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 611. Peristeria barkeri, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t.8; Bot. Mag. 4203. Souta Mexico, Jalapa, dark ravines (Ross). Hb. Kew. 2. Acineta chrysantha, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 31; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. ill. p. 547, et vi. p. 610. Neippergia chrysantha, Morr. Ann. Gand, v. p. 375, t. 282. Mexico. 3. Acineta cryptodonta, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 92; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 610; Xenia Orch. i. p. 194, t. 70. CENTRAL AMERICA ¢ 212 260 ORCHIDEZ. 4. Acineta densa, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 91, fig. 63; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. p. 546, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 21. Acineta warscewiczii, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 145. Costa Rica, Turrialba (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 5. Acineta humboldtii, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 68; Fl. des Serres; t. 992-3. Peristeria humboldtii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, t. 18. Anguloa superba, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 343, t. 93. Acineta superba, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 609. Acineta fulva, KI. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 146. CenTraL AmERica (ex Lindley).—CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA. It is doubtful whether this occurs within our limits; and the same may be said of Acineta schilleriana, Rehb. f. 6. Acineta sella-turcica, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 705; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 609; Xenia Orch. 1. p. 195, t. 70, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 21. Panama, cordillera of Chiriqui 6000 to 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 55. CATASETUM. Catasetum, Li. C. Rich. in Kunth, Synop. Pl. quin. i. p. 330; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 551; Darwin, Fert. Orch. p. 211, et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. vi. p. 151. Catachetum, Hoffmannsegg ex Linnea, xvi. Litter.-Ber. p. 227. A remarkable genus, having polygamously trimorphous flowers. About forty species are known, and they are spread nearly all over Tropical America. The male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers were originally regarded as characterizing distinct genera— Catasetum, Monachanthus, and Myanthus respectively. 1. Catasetum (Monachanthus) dilectum, Rchb.f. Beitr.Orch. Centr.-Am.p.73. Costa Rica, Casa Blanca (Grsted). 2. Catasetum hookeri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 840, Collect. Bot. t. 40 ¢; Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 156; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 567. Catasetum triste, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 218. Mexico.— BraziL. 3. Catasetum laminatum, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 384, Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 35, in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72, et Sert. Orch. t. (@ ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 552), Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 5. fig. 4 (var. eburneum) ; Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 073; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 137. SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca (Hartweg ; Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 4. Catasetum maculatum, Kunth, Synop. Pl. Aquin. i. p. 331; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vil. p. 157, t. 630; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 32; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann, vi. p. 565; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 2, ¢. ORCHIDEA. 261 Catasetum integerrimum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3823 (¢ ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 552). Catasetum wailesiit, Hook. Bot. Mag. +. 8937, ¢. GUATEMALA; Honpuras (Skinner).—VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 5. Catasetum cerstedii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 218; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 565, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 23 et 51. Nicaracua (Girsted) ; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 2000 feet (Warscewicz). ““Habeo racemum mixtis floribus hujus Cataseti ac Monachanthi” (Rchb. f. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 23). 6. Catasetum russellianum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3777, 2; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 573; Regel’s Gartenflora, t. 121. Catasetum serratum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1847, sub t. 24, adnot. GuateMALa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 7. Catasetum viridiflavum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4017 ¢; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 565. Centrat America, Pacific side (Barclay); Panama (Lobb). | 8. Catasetum warscewiczii, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 45, fig. 29; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 574; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 23. Panama, on Rhizophora (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 56. MORMODES. . Mormodes, Lindl. Introd. Nat. Syst. ed. 2, p. 446; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 552. Cyclosia, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p. 305. A Tropical-American genus of about fifteen species, ranging trom Mexico to Peru. 1. Mormodes aromaticum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 76, 1843, sub t. 33, et t. 56; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 577. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 2. Mormodes atropurpureum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1861, et 1843, sub t. 33; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 581. CEnTRAL AMERICA; PanaMa. Hb. Kew. 3. Mormodes buccinator, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 10, et 1843, sub t. 383; Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 578. Mormodes lentiginosum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4455. Mormodes flavidum, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 113. ~ Mormodes vitellinum, K1.1. c. 1858, p. 290. Mormodes wagenerianum, K1. 1. c. 1853, p. 147. Mormodes brachystachyum, K\. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1852, p. 18. Mormodes marmoreum, K\. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, p. 290. Mormodes leucochilum, K1. 1. c. p. 289. Mexico t(—VENEZUELA. It is doubtful whether this has been collected elsewhere than in Venezuela. 262 ORCHIDEZ. 4. Mormodes colossus, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 636; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 581, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 22. Mormodes macranthum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. sub t. 93. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba at 9000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 5. Mormodes fractiflexum, Rchb. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 141. Costa Rica (Veitch cult.). 6. Mormodes hookeri, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. i. Misc. p. 116, et ii. t. 118; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 580; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 22. Mormodes atropurpureum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4577, nec Lindl. Mormodes barbatum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 57. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Warscewicz). 7. Mormodes igneum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. t. 93; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 579, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 22. Mexico; CenrraL America (Warscewicz). ‘‘ Plures teneo icones Warscewiczianas coloribus diversissimis. Res non bene lignet. Forsan omnes ad Mormodem buccinatorem, Lindl., amandande” (Rchb. f.). 8. Mormodes lineatum, Batem. Bot. Reg. 1842, t.43; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 582. Mormodes warscewiczii, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1854, p. 65. GuaTemaLa (Skinner ; Hartweg)—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 9. Mormodes luxatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 60, et 1843, t. 33; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 577. SoutH Mexico, near Valladolid (Ross). Hb. Kew. “ M. luxatum, Lindl., nostro sensu ad Catasetum (Monachanthum) transferenda est” (Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 552). 10. Mormodes pardinum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 14; Bot. Reg. 1843 sub t. 33; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 582; Bot. Mag. t. 3900 et 3879 (var. wnicolor). Cyclosia maculata, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p. 305. Mexico (Parkinson). 11. Mormodes skinneri, Rchb. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 50. GuATEMALA (Skinner). 12. Mormodes uncia, chb . f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, pp. 892 et 1205. Mormodes greenii, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5802. Mexico (Veitch cult.). 13. Mormodes wendlandi, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 581, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 74. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). 14. Mormodes, sp. GuaTeMALA, Medio Monte (Godman & Salvin, 269, 274). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 263 15. Mormodes, sp. GuatemaLa, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 57. CYCNOCHES. Cycnoches, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 154; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 552. About eight or ten species inhabiting Tropical America, from Mexico to Guiana. Flowers dimorphous or trimorphous. 1. Cycnoches aureum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. t. 75, ic. in Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. iii. t. 264 repetita; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 561; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 23. CrntraL AMERICA, without locality (Skinner); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 6000 to 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. | 2. Cycnoches diane, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 636; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 561, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 24. | Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 3000 to 4000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 3. Cycnoches maculatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 10; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 061. Mexico; GUATEMALA.— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 4. Cycnoches ventricosum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 5; Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 75; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 562. Cycnoches egertonianum, Batem. Orch, Mex. & Guat. t. 40; Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 46 (var. viride). Cycnoches — sexus Cycnochis ventricost, Batem. ?—warscewiczii, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 23. Cycnoches pentadactylon, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 18, t. 22, et Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 6? Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3231); GuATEMALA, Istapa (Skinner); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. The flowers of this species appear to be sexually trimorphous, like those of the Cataseti; but which are respectively the male, female, and hermaphrodite remains to be determined. | 58. POLYCYCNIS. | Polycycnis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 218; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 553. Three or four species, inhabiting Central America and Guiana. 1. Polycycnis barbata, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 618. Cycnoches barbatum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 268, et in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p- 45; Bot. Mag. t. 4479. . Costa Rica.—CoLoMBIA. | 2. Polycycnis gratiosa, Endres et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1451. Costa Rica (Endres). 264 ORCHIDE.E. 59. MORMOLYCE. Mormolyce, Fenzl, Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 1, t. 2; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 554. A Mexican monotype. 1. Mormolyce lineolata, Fenzl, Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 1, t. 2, et in Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, i. p. 253, t. 29. Trigonidium ringens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 57; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. p. 541, et vi. p. 504. Sour Mexico, Barranca de Tioselo (Schiede), without locality (Hartweg), Mirador (Sartorius). Hb. Kew. 60. MAXILLARIA. Masxillaria, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Chil. et Peruv. Prodr. p. 116, t. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. it. p. 555. An exclusively Tropical American genus, of which about 120 species have been enumerated. They abound from Mexico to Peru, but are less numerous in the West Indies, Guiana, and Brazil. 1. Maxillaria acervata, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 217; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 536, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 49 et 77. Costa Rica, Auraguas (@rsted), Naranjo (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 2. Maxillaria aciantha, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 858; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 512, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 30, 50 et 78. Lycaste aciantha, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 216. GuaTEMALA, Orataria (Wendland) ; Costa Rica, without locality (Warscewicz), Agua Caliente (Eirsted). Hb. Kew. 3. Maxillaria acutipetala, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3966; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 520. CrentraL America (Barclay). 4, Maxillaria atrata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 31, t. 6. Psittacoglossum atratum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 30? GuaTeMALa (Warscewicz). 5. Maxillaria aurantiaca, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii, p. 25; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 928. MExico (Galeotti). 6. Maxillaria brachyglossa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 24; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 528. Mexico (Galeotti). 7. Maxillaria cespitifica, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 73. Costa Rica (Endres). ORCHIDE. 265 8. Maxillaria camardii, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. 1863, p. 547, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 49. Camaridium ochroleucum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 844; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 541. Cymbidium ochroleucum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 168. Ornithidium album, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3306. Costa Rica, Agua Caliente (Grsted).— VENEZUELA; Guiana; TrintpaD. Hb. Kew. 9. Maxillaria crassifolia, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 16; Walp. Ann. Vi. p. 029. Heterotaxis crassifolia, Lind]. Bot. Reg. t. 1028; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1657. Dicrypta baueri, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 152. Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2087).—VuENezuELA. Hb. Kew. 10. Maxillaria cruenta, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 13. GUATEMALA (Skinner). 11. Maxillaria ctenostachys, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 39. Costa Rica (Veitch cult.). 12. Maxillaria cucullata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 12 (nec Bot. Mag. t. 3945); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 521; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 49. Costa Rica, mountains of Pantasmo, Segovia (@rsted). Hb. Kew. 13. Maxillaria curtipes, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 384; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 524. Mexico (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 14. Maxillaria cylindrobulba, Regel, Ind. Seem. Hort. Petrop. 1858, p. 29, et Gartenflora, 1858, p. 341. | Mexico (Galeotti). 15. Maxillaria elatior, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 532. Dicrypta elatior, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 403. Mavillaria triangularis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1845, Misc. p. 9, et Gard. Chron. 1845, p. 211. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3014); Guatemala, Quezaltenango (Hartweg). Tb. Kew. 16. Maxillaria friedrichsthalii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 858; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 518, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 78. NicaraGua, Chontales ( Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland). 17. Maxillaria galeottiana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 24; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 528. Mexico (Galeotti). (M. graminifolia, Rchb. f., syn. Isochilus graminifolium, H. B. K., enumerated by Bateman in his list of Mexican and Guatemalan Orchids, is a native of Peru and Ecuador, but we are not aware that it has been found within our limits. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1883. 2m 266 ORCHIDEZ. 18. Maxillaria glumibracteum, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. 1863, p. 11. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). 19. Maxillaria heraldica, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 763, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 534. GUATEMALA. 20. Maxillaria inaudita, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 76. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). 21. Maxillaria lindeniana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 8, iii. p. 24; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 526. Mexico (Galeotti). [Mf. luteorubra, Rechb. f., syn. Lsochilus grandiflorum, Lindl., et Camaridium luteo- rubrum, Lindl., is included in Bateman’s list (Orch. Mex. & Guat. p. 16), probably by mistake, as it appears to be confined to Colombia and Peru. | 22, Maxillaria lyonii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1845, Misc. p. 17; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 526. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller). Hb. Kew. 23. Maxillaria macleei, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 70; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 532. GuATEMALA (Skinner). 24, Maxillaria meleagris, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 3; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 021. Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges). Hb. Kew. 25. Maxillaria nasuta, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p-. 104, et in Refug. Bot. ii. t. 103 (ube nasalis). Costa Rica (Lucker ; Endres).—Co.oMBla. 26. Maxillaria nigrescens, Lindl. Orch. Linden. p. 20; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 518. Mazillaria rubrofusca, Kl. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1853. Central AMERICA (Warscewicz).— VENEZUELA ; COLOMBIA. 27. Maxillaria obscura, Lind. et Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr-Am. p. 31; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 78. Mazillaria cucullata, Hook. Bot. Mag. 3945, non Lindl. Mexico (Henchman); Centra Amesica (Warscewicz).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 28. Maxillaria pumila, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 8613; Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 403; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 529. Mexico (Leibold).—GvIAna. ORCHIDEA. 267 29. Maxillaria puncto-striata, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 28. Sout Mexico, Colima (Kramer) ; Costa Rica. 30. Maxillaria reichenheimiana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, pp. 16 et 78. | Costa Rica (Endres; Zahn). 31. Maxillaria rhombea, Lindl]. Bot. Reg. 1840, sub t. 12; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 522; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 49. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Karwinski); Nicaragua, mountains of Pantasmo, Segovia (Girsted). Hb. Kew. . 32. Maxillaria ringens, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 523, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 31. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca (Karwinski); Guatemata (Warscewicz). 33. Maxillaria rufescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1848; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 525; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 77. Mazillaria acutifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. p. 92. Mazillaria articulata, K\. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1853, p. 11. Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland).—VENEZUELA; Cuba; TrintpaD. Hb. Kew. 34. Maxillaria sulfurina, Lemaire, FI. des Serres vi. p. 330 b. GUATEMALA. 35. Maxillaria tenuifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1936, et xxv. t. 8; Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 532, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 49. Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz (Hartweg); Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted). 36. Maxillaria vaginalis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 77. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 37. Maxillaria variabilis, Batem. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1986; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 5386; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 49; Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 23 (var. impunctata). Mawzillaria henchmanni, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3614. Mazillaria angustifolia, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 348. Mazillaria revoluta, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 185. - Sours Mexico, without locality (Parkinson), Vera Cruz (Hartweg), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3232, 2468), Mirador (Liebmann, 588; Sartorius), valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1911), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3500 feet (Galeotti, 5013); GuaTemMaLa, Alo- tenango (Godman & Salvin, 21); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 38. Maxillaria, sp. | Guatemala, Duefias (Godman & Salvin, 12). Hb. Kew. 2m 2 268 ORCHIDEA. 39. Maxillaria, sp. Guatemala, Ysabal (Godman & Salvin, 13), near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 459). Hb. Kew. 40. Maxillaria, sp. Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5018). Hb. Kew. 41. Maxillaria, sp. Soutn Mexico, Talea, Oaxaca, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5348). Hb. Kew. [Psittacoglossum atratum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Deser. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 29; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 555, is most likely a species of Mazillaria.| 61. CAMARIDIUM. Camaridium, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 844; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 556. A Tropical-American genus of about twelve species. 1. Camaridium, sp. ? (ex Lindley). SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Miiller, 555). Hb. Kew. 2. Camaridium, sp. (ex Lindley). Nicaracua (Wright, 6). Hb. Kew. 62. DICH EA. Dichea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 208; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 556. A Tropical-American genus of about fifteen species, chiefly inhabiting Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. 1. Dichea brachypoda, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 79. Costa Rica, San Miguel ( Wendland). 2. Dichza echinocarpa, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 209; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 624. Epidendrum echinocarpon, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 124. Cymbidium echinocarpon, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1452. Limodorum pendulum, Aubl. Pl. Guian. t. 322. Sourn Mexico (Graham).—West Inpiss to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Dichea glauca, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 209; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 823. Epidendrum glaucum, Swartz. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 124. Cymbidium glaucum, Swartz. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1457. Sooth Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges cult.); GUATEMALA, in the mountains between Villa Alta and Beteza (Hartweg).—Cvuna; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 4. Dichea muricata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 209. Cymbidium muricatum, Swartz, Fl, Ind. Occ, p. 1454. ORCHIDEZ. 269 Souta Mexico, woods of Jalapa (Galeotti, 5131); Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 179).—West Inpizs to Braz. Hb. Kew. 5. Dichwa cerstedii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 219; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 824, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 48. Nicaracua, Volcan el Viejo (Grsted). 6. Dichea panamensis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 209. PanaMA (Cuming, 1292).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 7. Dichza squarrosa, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 384; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 823. | SoutH Mexico, Juquila (Hartweg), Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 8. Dichza trichocarpa, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 209; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 79. Epidendrum trichocarpon, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 124. Cymbidium trichocarpon, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1455. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Sartorius); Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland).—CuBa to Braztt. Hb. Kew. This species, D. muricata, D. latifolia, and D. echinocarpa are very closely allied, and it is not easy to determine the species of some of the forms. 9. Dichza trulla, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr-Am. p. 104. Nicaracua, Pearl-Key Lagoon, Mosquito coast (Wullschldgel). 10. Dichzea, sp. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1304); Guatemata (Bernoulli, 319). Hb. Kew. 11. Dichea, sp. (aff. D. echinocarpa). Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2856). Hb. Kew. [Pachyphyllum procumbens, H. B. K., is included in Bateman’s list of the Orchids of Mexico and Guatemala, probably by mistake. | 63. ORNITHIDIUM. Ornithidium, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 293 (absque char.) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 556. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru and Brazil. 1. Ornithidium anceps, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 75. Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland). 2. Ornithidium densum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 217, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 488, et in Refug. Bot. ii. t. 105. 270 ORCHIDEZ. Mazillaria densa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1804. SovtH Mexico, Misantla (Schiede), Zacuapan (Leibold ; Ehrenberg), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5121; Liebmann; Heller), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jur- gensen, 895) ; GuatemMaLa, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 3. Ornithidium fulgens, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 76. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). 4. Ornithidium histrionicum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 324. MExico. 5. Ornithidium paleatum, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 36. CENTRAL AMERICA. 6. Ornithidium strumatum, Endres et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. 8. ii. p. 772, et Xenia Orch. iii. p. 10, t. 207. Costa Rica (Endres). 7. Ornithidium, sp. GuaTEMata, Vera Paz (Bernoulli). Hb. Kew. 64. COMPARETTIA. Comparettia, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 42, t. 73 (excl. C. saccata) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 558. Three species are described, ranging from Mexico to Peru and perhaps to Brazil. 1. Comparettia coccinea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 68; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 688. Mexico? Braziu? Lindley says ‘This. .... is said to be a native of Brazil; it, however, agrees so entirely with dried specimens collected near Jalapa, and now before me, that some mistake is to be suspected in its reputed country.” It is worthy of note that this orchid figures in one of Miss North’s pictures of Brazilian plants at Kew. 2. Comparettia falcata, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. t. 73; Benth. Pl, Hartw. p. 93; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 688; Bot. Mag. t. 4980. Comparettia rosea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 78. GUATEMALA, mountains of Arcutuno and Medio Monte (Hartweg), without locality (Bernoulli, 302).—CotomBia ; VENEZUELA; Cuba; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 65. TRICHOCENTRUM. Trichocentrum, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 11, t. 115 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 559. A Tropical-American genus of about twelve species. ORCHIDEA. 271 1. Trichocentrum caloceras, Endres et Rchb. f. inGard. Chron. 1871, p. 1257 (nomen nodum). Costa Rica (Endres). 2. Trichocentrum candidum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 9; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 044, GUATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 3. Trichocentrum capistratum, Linden et Rchb. f in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1257. Costa Rica ( Wallis). 4. Trichocentrum fuscum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1951; Walp. Ann. vi. p 546 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3969. Acoidium fuscum, Lindl. 1. ¢. Mexico (Knight cult.). 5. Trichocentrum hoegei, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. xvi. p. 717. SourH Mexico (Hoege). «6. Trichocentrum pfavii, Rchb. f. in’ Gard. Chron. n.s. xvi. p. 70, et xviil. p. 117. fig. 21; Regel’s Gartenflora, t. 1103. Centra. Amurica (Pfau). 7. Trichocentrum tigrinum, Linden et Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron, 1869, p. 892 ; Ill. Hort. n. s. t. 282. CenTRAL AMERICA? to ECUADOR. 66. RODRIGUEZIA. Rodriguezia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 115, t. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 559. Burlingtonia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1927. Of this genus about twenty species are known, and they are spread all over Tropical America. 1. Rodriguezia leochilina, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 970. Costa Rica (Veitch cult.). 9. Rodriguezia secunda, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 367, t. 92; Bot. Reg. t. 930; Bot. Mag. t. 3524; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 691. Rodriguezia lanceolata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 676, nec Ruiz et Pav. Pleurothallis ? coccinea, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 129. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 641), Chagres (Fendler, 439).—West Inpizs and Cotomsi to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 272 ORCHIDEZ. 67. PAPPERITZIA. Papperitzia, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, pp. 670 et 772; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 477. A monotype. 1. Papperitzia leiboldi, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 670; Xenia Orch. i, p. 237, t. 100, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 677. Leochites leiboldi, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 404. SovutH Mexico, Zacuapan (Letbold). 68. TRICHOPILIA. Trichopilia, Lindl. Introd. Nat. Syst. ed. 2, p. 446, et Bot. Reg. t. 1863; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 559. Species about sixteen, confined to Tropical-America, and chiefly to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. 1. Trichopilia galeottiana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 682; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 69, Xenia Orch. ii. p. 103, et in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 770. Trichopilia turialve, Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5550, nec Rchb. f. Trichopilia picta, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. t. 225. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5105). Hb. Kew. 2. Trichopilia maculata, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 215, Xenia Orch. ii. p. 104, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 681. Panama, Chagres (Behr). 3. Trichopilia marginata, Henfr. in Moore & Ayres’s Gard. Mag. Bot. 1851, p. 185, cum ic. color.; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 682;. Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 12. Trichopilia coccinea, Warscew. ex Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. t. 54; Bot. Mag. t. 4857; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 184. CentraL AMERICA; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui ( Warscewicz). 4. Trichopilia tortilis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1863 (errore floribus terminalibus) ; Bot. Mag. t. 3739; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 682, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 101. SourH Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5154), Zacuapan (Leibold), without locality (Parkinson); GuatemMaLa (Skinner), Coban (Salvin & Godman). Hb. Kew. 5. Trichopilia suavis, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. pp. 44 et 53, t.11; Bot. Mag. t. 4654, ic. in Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 277, mutuata ; Fl. des Serres, t. 761; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 681; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 12, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 103. CrntraL America (Warscewicz). 6. Trichopilia turialba, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 11, Xenia Orch. ii. p. 104, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 69. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba ( Wendland). ORCHIDEZ. 273 7. Trichopilia, sp. Nicaraeua (Tate, 495). Hb. Kew. 8. Trichopilia, sp. | Panama, Aspinwall (8. ayes, 162). Hb. Kew. 69. ASPASIA. Aspasia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 189; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 560. An exclusively American genus of about six species, ranging from Central America to Brazil. | | 1. Aspasia epidendroides, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 139; Bot. Mag. t. 3962. Odontoglossum aspasia, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 851, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 16 et 47. Aspasia fragrans, Kl. in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 18538, p. 12. GuatemaLa (Skinner); Costa Rica (sted) ; Panama, Chiriqui at 2000 feet (Warsce- wicz). Hb. Kew. 2. Aspasia papilionacea, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 100. Costa Rica. 8. Aspasia principissa, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 637. Odontoglossum principissa, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 851, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 16. Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). 70. DIGNATHE. Dignathe, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 268; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 560. A Mexican monotype. 1. Dignathe pigmea, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 268; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 682. Mexico (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 71. COHNIA. Cohnia, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 928; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 477. A monotype. | 1. Cohnia quekettioides, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 928, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 238, t. 100. Nicaraaua, Chontales (Friedrichsthal). 72. ODONTOGLOSSUM. Odontoglossum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 850; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 561. This genus is spread all over Tropical America, but the species are most numerous in the mountainous regions from Colombia to Mexico. Upwards of eighty species have been described. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., Movember 1883. on 274 ORCHIDEZ. 1. Odontoglossum apterum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 85; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 24; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 833. Odontoglossum rossii, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, et Fol. Orch. n. 20; Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 48. Odontoglossum ehrenbergii, Planch. in Fl. des Serres, t. 846, nec Link, Kl. et Otto. Souru Mexico, near Irape (La Liave), without locality (Ross). Hb. Kew.- 2. Odontoglossum beloglossum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. ii. p. 149, t. 108. Souta Mexico, Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann ; Galeotti). 3. Odontoglossum bictoniense, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 66, Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, et Fol. Orch. n. 28; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 835; Rechb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 14 et 71; Batem. Odont. t. 18. Cyrtochilum bictoniense, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 6. Zygopetalum africanum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3812. Sout Mexico, Chiapas ((Ghiesbreght); GuatEMALa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin), Las Nubes (Wendland), without locality at 6000 to 7000 feet (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 4. Odontoglossum czxrulescens, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p- 27; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 26; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 834. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5108). Hb. Kew. 5. Odontoglossum cariniferum, Rchb. f. Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 638, Walp. Ann. — vi. p. 830, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 14; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 15; Batem. Odont. t. 10. Odontoglossum hastilabium, var. fuscatum, Hook. Bot. Mag. 4919. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 9000 feet (Warscewiez). 6. Odontoglossum cervantesii, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p- 84; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 25; Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 36; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 834; Lindl. Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. t. 15. Odontoglossum membranaceum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25; Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 34; Ann. Gand, t. 10; Bot. Mag. t. 4928. SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca (Loddiges cult.), without locality (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 7. Odontoglossum chiriquense, Rchb. f.in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 692, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 847, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 15. PanaMA, Cordillera of Chiriqui at 8000 feet (Warscewicz). 8. Odontoglossum citrosmum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 60, 1843, t. 3, et Fol. Orch. n. 59; Rchb. fin Walp. Ann. vi. p. 846, et in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 210; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 90; Warner, Sel. Orch. t. 28. Cuitlauzina pendula, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 33. Odontoglossum pendulum, Batem. Odont. t. 6. Lichterveldia lindleyi, Lemaire, Il. Hort. t. 59. Souta Mexico (La Lilave; Karwinski). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 275 9. Odontoglossum cordatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 50, et Fol. Orch. n. 12; Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. t. 100; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 829, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 70. Odontoglossum maculatum, Hock. Bot. Mag. t. 4878. Odontoglossum liiddemanni, Regel’s Gartenflora, t. 275. Odontoglossum hookeri, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. ii. Mise. p. 41. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 488); GuatemaLa, Cumbre of Chuacus (Hartweg), Las Nubes (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 10. Odontoglossum dawsonianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 1226. Mexico (Low cult.). 11. Odontoglossum ehrenbergii, K1. in Link, K1. et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. p. 38, t. 16; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 27, fig. 247; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 19; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 832. Sourn Mexico, San Onofro (Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. 12. Odontoglossum egertoni, Lind. Bot. Reg. 1845, Misc. p. 50, et Fol. Orch. p. 64; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 848. GuatemaLa (Skinner). 13. Odontoglossum galeottianum, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 27; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 22; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 833. | Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5109). Hb. Kew. 14. Odontoglossum ghiesbreghtianum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 27; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 67; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 848. MExIco. 15. Odontoglossum grande, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 47, et Fol. Orch. n.9; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 828; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 14; Bot. Mag. t. 3955 ; Ann, Gand, i. t. 837; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 24, et Odont. t. 8. GuaTeMA.a, cooler parts of Guatemala (Skinner ; Hartweg ; Warscewicz), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 16. Odontoglossum insleayi, Lind. Fol. Orch. n. 8; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 828; Batem. Odont. t. 4. Oncidium insleayi, Barker in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 19; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 21; Fi. des Serres, t. 43. . SourH Mexico, Oaxaca (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 17. Odontoglossum karwinskii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 842. Miltonia karwinskii, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. p. 83, cum fig. xylogr.; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xvi. p. 161, cum ic. color. 2n 2 276 ORCHIDEZ. Oncidium karwinskii, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 20. Cyrtochilum karwinskii, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1992. Sout Mexico (Karwinski; Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 18. Odontoglossum krameri, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1868, p. 98; Bot. Mag. 5778; Batem. Odont. t. 24. Costa Rica (Kramer). 19. Odontoglossum lzve, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1844, t. 39, et Fol. Orch. n. 52; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 842; Bot. Mag. t. 6265; Batem. Odont. t. 16. GuaTemMaLa (Skinner; Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 20. Odontoglossum leucomelas, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, p. 415, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 194, t. 184. Mexico? (Warner cult.). 21. Odontoglossum londesboroughianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 772. Mexico (Backhouse cult.). 22. Odontoglossum macrum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 33; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 836. CENTRAL AMERICA, Puerto Muelo at 7000 feet (ex Lindley). Hb. Kew. 23. Odontoglossum maculatum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc. p- 85; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 11; Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 30; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 829; Pesca- torea, t. 28. Souto Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2281), Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), without locality (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 24. Odontoglossum madrense, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. ii. p. 804, et viii. p. 102. Odontoglossum mazillare, Bot. Mag. t. 6144, nec Lindl. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (oez/). 25. Odontoglossum maxillare, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1847, sub t. 62, et Fol. Orch. n. 23; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 834; Il]. Hort. t. 200. Mexico (foezl). Hb. Kew. 26. Odontoglossum nebulosum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, et Fol. Orch. n. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 833; Batem. Odont. t. 1. SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca at 5000 feet (Galeotti), without locality (Karwinskt). Hb. Kew. 27. Odontoglossum cerstedii, Rchb.f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 845, Xenia Orch. i. p. 189, t. 68, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 15, 47, et 71. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu at 9000 feet (Warscewicz; Cirsted; Wendland). Ub. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. | 277 28. Odontoglossum oliganthum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 321. GuATEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 29. Odontoglossum pulchellum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 48; Bot. Mag. t. 4104; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 848, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 16 et 47. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght); GuatemaLa (Skinner), near Quiché (Salvin & Godman) ; Costa Rica, Cartago (@rsted) ; Panama, Veraguas (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 30. Odontoglossum pygmezum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 82, et Fol. Orch. n. 58; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 845. Rhynchostele pygmea, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 770. GUATEMALA, Quezaltenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 31. Odontoglossum reichenheimii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 842; Batem. Odont. t. 15; Tl. Hort. t. 213. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 32. Odontoglossum rubescens, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. p. 35, et Fol. Orch. n. 27; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 834. Soura Mexico, Oaxaca at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5277); Nicaragua, without locality (Skinner). Ub. Kew. 33. Odontoglossum schlieperianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, p. 1082, Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 70, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 127, t. 143; Regel, Gartenflora, t. 605. Costa Rica, Cartago ( Wendland). 84. Odontoglossum stellatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 9, et Fol. Orch. n. 18; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 832, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 13 et 70. Odontoglossum erosum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 27. Odontoglossum (Leucoglossum) erosum, Rchb. f. et Warsc. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 99. Mexico (Hartweg); GuatEMaua, Volcan de Fuego and Cuesta de Arqueta (Skinner), Las Nubes (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 35. Odontoglossum uroskinneri, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1859, pp. 708 et 724; Batem. Odont. t. 2; Warner, Sel. Orch. 3, t. 17. GUATEMALA, near Santa Catarina de los Altos (Skinner), above San Gerdénimo (Salvin & Godman). Ub. Kew. 36. Odontoglossum vexativum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 808. MEXIco. 37. Odontoglossum warscewiczianum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 692, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 844, Xenia Orch. i. p. 208, t. 81, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 14. Panama, Cordillera of Veraguas (Warscewicz). 278 ORCHIDEZ. 38. Odontoglossum warnerianum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, p. 297; Batem. Odont. t. 13. f, 1. Mexico 2 39. Odontoglossum, sp. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 7500 to 9000 feet (Galeott:, 5010). Hb. Kew. 40. Odontoglossum, sp. Soutn Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5079). Hb. Kew. 41. Odontoglossum, sp. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeottt, 5108). Hb. Kew. 42. Odontoglossum, sp. GuaTEMALA (Bernoulli, 338). Hb. Kew. | Mesospinidium warscewiczii, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 36, t. 16, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 11, Mr. Bentham (Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xviii. p. 328) regards as an Odontoglossum, “ which appears to be very close to, if not identical with, O. ramulosum, Lindl.” ] 73. ONCIDIUM. Oncidium, Swartz in K. Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. Stockh. xxi. p. 289; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 562. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which some 250 species have been proposed. ‘They are generally diffused from Mexico and the West Indies to Bolivia and Brazil. 1. Oncidium altissimum, Swartz in K. Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. Stock. xxi. p. 239; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 200, et Fol. Orch. n. 150; Bot. Reg. t. 1851 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2990; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 791, nec Bot. Reg. t. 1651. Epidendrum altissimum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 229, t. 141. GuateMaLa (Bernoulli, 279)—Weust Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Oncidium amenun, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 58; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 817. Mexico (Galeotti). | 8. Oncidium ampliatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 202, et Fol. Orch. n. 90; Bot. Reg. t. 1699; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 744; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 47 et 104. GuaTEeMALA, Esquintla (Hartweg); Nicaracua, Pearl-Key Lagoon, Mosquito coast (Wullschidgel); Costa Rica, Guanacaste (Grsted)—CoLomBia; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEA. 279 4. Oncidium ansiferum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 696, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 798, Xenia Orch. i. p. 232, t. 98, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 18; Lindl: Fol. Orch. n. 162. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 5. Oncidium ascendens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, sub t. 4, et Fol. Orch. n. 43; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 720, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 47. Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2230), Chinantla near Oaxaca at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 5351); Guatemaa (Hartweg); Nicaracua (ex Reichenbach). Hb. Kew. 6. Oncidium barbatum, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 27,.Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 200, et Fol. Orch. n. 47 (varietates); Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 723. Oncidium microglossum, K]. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855, p. 233. Oncidium ciliatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 200; Bot. Reg. t. 1660. Oncidium ciliatulum, Hoffmannsegg in Bot. Zeit. i. p. 834. Oncidium fimbriatum, Hoffmannsegg, |. c. GUATEMALA (ex Leichenbach).—BRaziL. 7. Oncidium batemanianum, Parmentier in Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. iii. p. 183, t. 137; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 185; Rchb. f.in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 808 (varietates 2). Oncidium spilopterum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 75, et 1845, t. 40. Oncidium gallopavinum, Morr. Ann. Gand, 1. t. 1. Oncidium ramosum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub. t. 1920. Oncidium pinellianum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iii., Proc. p. xv et xvii, cum fig. xylogr. Oncidium stenopetalum, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855, p. 273. Mexico t—Brazit. It is almost certain that this species is not found within our limits. 8. Oncidium bicallosum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94, et Fol. Orch. n. 135; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 785, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am, p. 72; Bot. Reg. 1843, t. 12; Bot. Mag. 4148. | GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner; Hartweg), at the foot of Las Nubes ( Wend- land). 9. Oncidium brachyandrum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, et Fol. Orch. n. 111; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 753. | SoutH Mexico, Santiago el Grande (ex Grisebach), without locality (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 10. Oncidium bracteatum, Warscew. et Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 695, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 753, et Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 19; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 139: Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 6000 to 9000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 11. Oncidium brevifolium, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26 ; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncid. p. 58; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 817. Mexico (Galeottz). 280 ORCHIDEA. 12. Oncidium bryolophotum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 738. CentraL America (Veitch cult.). 13. Oncidium cardiochilum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 87; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 743. GuaTEMALA (Skinner).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 14. Oncidium cardiostigma, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 91; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 789, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 94, t. 99. Mexico ? 15. Oncidium carthaginense, Swartz in K. Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. Stock. xxi. p. 240; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 130 (varietates plures); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 781. Eipidendrum carthaginense, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 228, t. 138. fig. 4. Epidendrum undulatum, Bot. Mag. t. 777. Oncidium erstedii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 91 (species), in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 781, Xenia, Orch. i. p. 236, t. 99, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 47 (varietas). Oncidium sanguineum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. t. 27. Oncidium huntianum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3806. Oncidium panduriferum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 346, t. 82. Oncidium roseum et O. henchmanni, Lodd. Cat. ex Lindley. Oncidium luridum henchmanni, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. iu. t. 97. NicaraGua (Grsted).—Cotomstia to BRazin and in the West INDIES. Only the variety wrstedit has been found within our limits. 16. Oncidium cavendishianum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 3; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 134; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 784, excl. syn. Oncidium pachyphyllum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3807. GuaTEMALA (Skinner), Duefas (Salvin & Godman). Ub. Kew. 17. Oncidium cebolleta, Swartz ex Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 206, et Fol. Orch. n. 42 (varietates); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 720; Bot. Reg. t. 1994; Bot. Mag. t. 3568. Epidendrum cebolleta, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 230, t. 181. fig. 2. Epidendrum juncifolium, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1851. Cymbidium juncifolium, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 102. Oncidium juncifolium, Lindl. Collect. Bot. sub t. 27; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 71. Oncidium cepula, Hoffmannsegg, ex Lindl. Oncidium brachyphyllum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, sub t. 4. Oncidium longifolium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 4. Souto Mexico, Mirador (Linden); Guaremata; Costa Rica, Santa Lucia (Wendland). —Southward to Peru and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 18. Oncidium cerebriferum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 695, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 805, Xenia Orch. i. p. 233, t. 98, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 18; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 179. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 3000 to 6000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 281 19. Oncidium cheirophorum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 695; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 776, Xenia Orch. i. p. 191, t. 69, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 17; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 124; Bot. Mag. t. 6278. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 20. Oncidium concolor, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3752; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 65; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 731. — Cyrtochilum citrinum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4454. Mexico? Centra America? Brazin. Hb. Kew. 21. Oncidium confusum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 234, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. p. 18. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 6000 feet (Warscewicz). 22. Oncidium crista-galli, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 697; Walp. Ann. vi. p- 746, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 71; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 96. Oncidium iridifolium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1911 (excl. syn.), nec H. B. K. Oncidium decipiens, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 68. South Mexico, Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5289); GuaremaLa, without locality (Skinner), Barranca Honda at 3800 feet (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 23. Oncidium delumbe, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 169; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 801. Oncidium tenue grandiflorum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. vii. p. 271, cum fig. xylogr. Guatemala (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 24. Oncidium diaphanum, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 67. Souta Mexico, Talea at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5281). Hb. Kew. 25. Oncidium ensatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 17, et Fol. Orch. n.175; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 803. Souta Muxico, near Oaxaca (Hartweg): GuaTEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 96. Oncidium excavatum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, et Fol. Orch. n. 85; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 742 (excl. syn.). Honpuras ‘(—CoLomBia; PERU. 27, Oncidium forkelii, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1842, p. 309; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 57. : | MEXxico. | 28. Oncidium funereum, Llav. ct Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 37; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 57; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 817. Sout Mexico, near Jesus del Monte (La Llave). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, February 1884. 20 282 ORCHIDEZ. 29. Oncidium ghiesbreghtianum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ill. p. 27; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 818; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 58. MExico (Galeotti). 30. Oncidium glossomystax, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 696; Walp. Ann, vi. p. 714. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 5133); GuatemaLa, without locality (Skinner).— VENEZUELA; CoLomBIA; PERu. Hb. Kew. 31. Oncidium graminifolium, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48, et Fol. Orch. n. 110 (varietates); Walp. Ann. vi. p. 752. Cyrtochilum graminifolium, Lind]. nm Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 384. Oncidium filipes, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48. Cyrtochilum filipes, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 59. Oncidium wraye, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3854. South Mexico, Hacienda del Carmen (Hartweg), Cerro de Capulalpan, Oaxaca 8000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5177); GuatemaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 32. Oncidium hastatum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 9, et Fol. Orch. n. 192; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 812. | | Odontoglossum phyllochilum, Morr. in Ann. Gand, i. t. 27. Odontoglossum hastatum, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 20. Cyrtochilum jurgensenianum, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 368. South Mexico, Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5085), Michoacan (hiesbreght), Chinantla (Jurgensen). Hb. Kew. 33. Oncidium incurvum, Barker in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 75, et 1845, t. 64; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 72; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 736. Oncidium albo-violaceum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 27. South Mexico, Talea, Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5021), Llano Verde (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 34. Oncidium iridifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 344; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 202, et Fol. Orch. n. 26. Epidendrum pusillum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1852. Cymbidium pusillum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Ups. vi. p. 74. Oncidium pusillum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 714, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Amer. pp. 16 et 71. Sourh Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 32), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &c. (Jurgensen) ; GuateMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 50), Ysabal (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner); Costa Rica, La Virgen (Wendland); Panama, Chiriqui ( Warscewicz).— ‘Southward to Perv and Brazit and in the West Inprzs. Hb. Kew. 35, Oncidium leucochilum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1920, et Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 1; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 167; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 800. ORCHIDEZ. 283 Cyrtochilum leucochilum, Planch. in FI. des Serres, t. 522. Oncidium digitatum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94. GUATEMALA, mountains near Melacatan (Hartweg), without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 36. Oncidium luridum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 727, et Fol. Orch. n. 131 (varietates) ; Bot. Mag. t. 3603; Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 16 (var. guttatwm); Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. vi. p. 54, cum ic. xylogr. (var. atratum). Epidendrum guttatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1851. Cymbidium guttatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 102. Oncidium guttatum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 782. Oncidium cuneatum, Lindl. Collect. Bot. sub t. 27. Oncidium lindeni, Lodd. ex Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48. Oncidium intermedium, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. t. 60. Oncidium cosymbephorum, Morr. Ann. Gand, t. 275. Oncidium sanguineum, Lindl. var. auriculatum, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1855, p. 21. Souta Mexico, near Tampico (Hartweg), without locality (Schiede)—CuBa to TRINIDAD and Guiana. Hb. Kew. 37. Oncidium macranthum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 205, et Fol. Orch. n.1; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 702. CentrRAL AMERICA to Peru. Hb. Kew. 38. Oncidium maculatum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48, et Fol. Orch. n. 113; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 754, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 72. «. herbaceum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncid. p. 33. Cyrtochilum maculatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 44; Sert. Orch. t. 25; Bot. Mag. 3836. B. russellianum, Lindl. loc. cit. Cyriochilum maculatum, var., Bot. Mag. t. 3880. y. parviflorum, Lindl. loc. cit. Cyrtochilum maculatum, var. parviflorum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. p. 48. 3. lindleyi, Lindl. loc. cit. Odontoglossum lindleyi, Galeotti, ex Lindley, loc. cit. Oncidium maculatum donianum, Rehbf. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 215. e. Vinosum, Lindl. loc. cit. %. psittacinum, Rchb. f. ex Lindl. loc. cit. Oncidium maculatum, var. aristatum, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1855. One of the commonest species in Mexico and CentraL America. Hb. Kew. 39. Oncidium microchilum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. §2, et 1843, t. 23; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 21; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 711; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 122. GuatemaLa (Skinner, Hartweg). Ub. Kew. 202 984 ORCHIDEZ. 40. Oncidium nebulosum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 81, et Fol. Orch. n. 175; Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 802, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 18. Oncidium geertianum, Morr. Ann. Gand, iv. t. 179. Oncidium klotzschianum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 695. Guatemata (Skinner); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 5000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 41. Oncidium oblongatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 4; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 9, fig. 137; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 168 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 801. Oncidium xanthochlorum, K1. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1852, p. 18. Mexico (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 42. Oncidium obovatum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 99; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 57; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 817. MEXxXIco. 43. Oncidium ochmatochilum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 698; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 813, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 16. . Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 8000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 44, Oncidium ornithorhynchum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 345, t. 80; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 204, et Fol. Orch. n. 189; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 811; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 17; Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 10; Bot. Mag. t. 3912; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 4. Sour Mexico, Michoacan (Humboldt & Bonpland), Llano Verde (Hartweg), Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5019), Vera Cruz (Linden), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3234), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 644); GuaTemaLa, without locality (Skinner), Duefias (Godman & Salvin).—Pzru. Hb. Kew. 45. Oncidium onustum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 35; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 717. Panama and West Cotomsra (Cuming, 1208). Hb. Kew. | 46. Oncidium pachyphyllum, Hook. Bot. Mag. 3807; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 16 et 72. Mexico (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. Lindley reduced this to 0. cavendishianum, Batem., but Reichenbach restored it again to the rank of a species. 47. Oncidium peliogramma, Lind. et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 1451. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Wallis). 48. Oncidium pergameneum, Lind]. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 93, Fol. Orch. n. 196; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 814. GuaTEMALA, Medio Monte (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEA, 285 49. Oncidium phymatochilum, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. p. 78, Fol. Orch. n.191; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 812; Pescatorea, t. 33; Bot. Mag. t. 5214. Mexico? Brazin? Hb. Kew. 50. Oncidium polycladium, Rchb. f. in Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 164, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 799, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 17. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Wb. Kew. 51. Oncidium rariflorum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. p. 58; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 817. SoutH MExico (Galeotti). 52. Oncidium reflexum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1920, et Fol. Orch. n. 58; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 795; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 93, t. 36. Oncidium pelicanum, Mart. in Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 70. ° Oncidium funereum, Lind]. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 201. Soura Mexico, near Morelia 5000 to 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5211), without locality (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. ca 53. Oncidium retemeyerianum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1856, p. 513, Refug. Bot. ii. t. 74, et Xenia Orch. ili. p. 43, t. 218. Mexico? 54. Oncidium rupestre, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p.151, et Fol. Orch. n. 52 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 807. Oncidium skinneri, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1855, p. 629. CENTRAL AMERICA? PERU. 55. Oncidium sphacelatum, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48, Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 30, et Fol. Orch. n. 151; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 791. Nort Mexico, Tlapocoya (Liebmann, 480-482), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2333), Oaxaca 2000 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5176), Tabasco (Linden, 1223); GUATEMALA, Malpais (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 56. Oncidium splendidum, A. Rich. in FI. des Serres, t. 1825; Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1213. Oncidium tigrinum, var. splendidum, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5878, excl. syn. GUATEMALA. 57. Oncidium stelligerum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 1398. Mexico ¢ 58. Oncidium stenotis, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xli. p. 67. Costa Rica (Low cult.). 286 ORCHIDEZ. 59. Oncidium stipitatum, Lindl. in Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 172, et Fol. Orch. n. 40; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 719. Oncidium lacerum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 27. Panama (Cuming, 1192; Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 60. Oncidium stramineum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 39, et 1840, t. 14; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 123; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 775. Sour Mexico, neighbourhood of Vera Cruz (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 61. Oncidium suave, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, p. 16; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 9, fig. 135, Fol. Orch. n. 161; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 797. Oncidium wendlandianum, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 91. Oncidium macropterum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 38, 11. p. 26. Sovta Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5046), Teoxomulco, near Oaxaca (Harwinski), without locality (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 62. Oncidium suttoni, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 4; Lindl. &’ Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 8, fig. 129; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 166; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 800. GuatEMALA, Medio Monte (Skinner). Ub. Kew. 63. Oncidium tenue, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. iii. p. 76, cum fig. xylogr., et Fol. Orch. n. 165; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 799. SoutH Mexico, near Oaxaca at 4000 to 6000 feet (Galeotti, 0324); GuaTEMALA (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 64. Oncidium tetrapetalum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p.112; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 198, et Fol. Orch. n. 36; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 717. Oncidium pauciflorum, Lindl. Collect. Bot. sub t. 27; Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 198. Oncidium tricolor, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4130. Epidendrum tetrapetalum, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 230, t. 142. Mexico (hb. Pavon).—CotomBia; West INDIEs. 65. Oncidium tigrinum, Lav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 36; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 157; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 794. Oncidium barkeri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 174, et Sert. Orch. t. 48. Odontoglossum tigrinum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 10. Oncidium unguiculatum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 308. Oncidium ionosmum, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 18538, p. 726. Sourn Mexico, Mountains near Valladolid (La Llave), Michoacan (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 66. Oncidium tricuspidatum, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 72. Costa Rica, Cartago (Wendland). [O. confragoswm, Lindl., at first erroneously reported as Mexican, is a synonym of O. viperinum, Lindl., a native of Paraguay. | ORCHIDEA. 287 67. Oncidium warneri, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 125; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 776. Odontoglossum warneri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1845, Mise. p. 54, et 1847, t. 20 (var. purpuratum). Mexico (Loddiges cult.). Hb. Kew. 68. Oncidium warscewiczii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 693; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 727, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 19. Costa Rica, Cartago (Warscewicz); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 8000 to 1000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 69. Oncidium wenthworthianum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 82; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 8, fig. 127; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 195; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 814; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 39. GvuATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Santa Rosa (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 70. Oncidium, sp. Guatemata, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin, 19). Hb. Kew. 71. Oncidium, sp. ; Guatema.a (Godman & Salvin, 2). Hb. Kew. [Oncidium helene, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 20, syn. Brassia warscewicztt, Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 693, is recorded in the latter place from Punta Elena, Ecuador, though included in the enumeration of Central-American orchids of the former work. There ig a Punta Elena on the coast of both Ecuador and Costa Rica; but we are unable to decide which of the two is the home of the plant under con- sideration. | 74, PALUMBINA. Palumbina, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 699; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 563, sub Oncidio. A monotype. 1. Palumbina candida, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 699; Bot. Mag. t. 5546. Oncidium? candidum, Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 53. GuateMata (Hartweg). 75. BRASSIA. Brassia, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 215; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. it. p. 564. A Tropical-American genus, of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Brassia brachiata, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94, Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 29, et Fol Orch. n. 8; Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 215. Oncidium brachiatum, Rehb. f. in Walps Ann. vi. p. 768. GuaTEeMALA, Hacienda de Laguna (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 288 ORCHIDE#. 2. Brassia caudata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 832, Fol. Orch. n.5; Bot. Mag. t. 3451; Hook. Exot. Fl. t.179; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. p. 16. Epidendrum caudatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1349. Oncidium caudatum, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 766. Mexico and GuaTEeMALA (ex Bateman).—Cusa to GUIANA. 3. Brassia chlorops, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 542. Costa Rica (Endres). Hb. Kew. 4, Brassia gireoudiana, Rchb. f. et Warsc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1854, p. 273: Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 79, t. 32. Oncidium gireoudianum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 768, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 20. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). 5. Brassia lanceana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1754, et Fol. Orch. n. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 83577 et 387942 Oncidium suaveolens, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 765. Brassia macrostachya, Lindl. Sert. Orch. t. 6. Brassia pumila, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1845, Misc. p. 60. Panama (Behr).—West Invites; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 6. Brassia lawrenceana, Lind]. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 2, t. 18, et Fol. Orch. n. 3; Bot. Mag. t. 5748 (var. longissima). Oncidium lawrenceanum, Rehb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 766. Brassia cochleata, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 23, t. 53. Brassia angusta, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 5. Costa Rica.—GuvIANA; BRAZIL. Only the variety longissima is recorded from Central America. 7. Brassia neglecta, Rchb. f. et Warsc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1856, p- 822. CENTRAL AMERICA ? 8. Brassia maculata, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 215; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 1; Bot. Mag. t. 1691. Oncidium brassia, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 765. Brassia guttata, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94. Brassia wraye, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4003. GUATEMALA (Skinner).—J AMAICA. 9. Brassia verrucosa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 36, et Fol. Orch. n. 9; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 22. Oncidium verrucosum, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 769. Brassia odontoglossoides, Kl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1847, p. 380? Brassia coryandra, Morr. Ann. Gand, iv. p. 295, t. 212. Brassia aristata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 7, et Fol. Orch. n. 10. Brassia longiloba, DC. Dixiéme Not. Pl. Rar. Genéve, t. 1. ORCHIDEZ. 289 South Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), without locality (Hhrenberg); GuaTeMaLa (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 76. LELOCHILUS. Leiochilus, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 143 (errore Leochilus) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 564. Cryptosaccus, err. typ. Cryptosanus, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1848, p. 101. A genus of four or five species, inhabiting the West Indies, Mexico, and Central America. 1. Leiochilus carinatus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 23. Oncidium carinatum, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 31; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 772; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 75. Souta Mexico, Jalapa (Barker, cult.), Zacuapan (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 2. Leiochilus oncidioides, Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 143; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. p. 23. Oncidium macrantherum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 83845; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 740. Rodriguezia maculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Mise. p. 89. Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau), Orizaba (Miller); Guaremaua (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 3. Leiochilus, sp. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5139). Hb. Kew. 77. ERYCINA. Erycina, Lindl. Fol. Orch. 1853; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 565. Monotypic. 1. Erycina echinata, Lindl. Fol. Orch. 1853. Oncidium echinatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 345, t.79; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 789. Sours Mexico, near Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland), Laguna of Tututepec, Oaxaca, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5359), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 78. TRIGONIDIUM. Trigonidium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1923; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 567. A Tropical-American genus, of seven or eight published species, ranging from Central America to Brazil. 1. Trigonidium egertonianum, Batem. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 73; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 503. GuatEMALA, Golfo Dulce (Skinner). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. 2p 290 ORCHIDEZ. 2. Trigonidium seemannii, Rchb. f. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 214; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 503. Panama (Seemann, 380). 79. TRIZEUXIS. Trizeuxis, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 2; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 566. A monotype. 1. Trizeuxis falcata, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 2, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 140; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 126; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 48. Costa Rica, Cartago (Girsted).—CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA; BraziL; TRINIDAD. 80. IONOPSIS. Ionopsis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p, 348, t. 83; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 567. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, spread from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. About ten species have been defined. 1. Ionopsis brevifolia, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 4; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 684. Mexico (Galeotti). 2. Ionopsis utricularioides, Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 39, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 194; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 684; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 72. Epidendrum utricularioides, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 122. Dendrobium utricularioides, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1531. Tonopsis tenera, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1904, Fol. Orch. n. 6 (varietates). Tonopsis zonalis, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. p. 13, fig. 14. SoutH Mexico, Sochiapam, on the frontiers of Vera Cruz and Oaxaca (Hartweg) ; GUATEMALA, Oratoria (Wendland).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and in the Wzsr Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 81. CRYPTARRHENA. Cryptarrhena, R. Br. in Bot. Reg. t.153; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 568. Besides the following species there is one in Guiana. 1. Cryptarrhena pallidiflora, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 766, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 698. Orchidofunkia pallidiflora, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sci. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 24. Clynhymenia pallidiflora, A. Rich. et Gal. in Compt. Rend. Acad. Sc. Par. 1844, South Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5298).—Jamaica; TrinipaD; Guiana. Hb. Kew. Bentham and Hooker, Joc. cit., suggest that this is the same as the type of the genus, C. lunata, R. Br. ORCHIDEZ. 291 82. ORNITHOCEPHALUS. Ornithocephalus, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 127; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 568. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Ornithocephalus bicornis, Lindl. in Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 172; Walp. Ann. i. p. 781, et vi. p. 492. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 166, 460, 461); Panama (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 2. Ornithocephalus elephas, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 493. GUATEMALA, on the Rio Torre (Friedrichsthal). 3. Ornithocephalus inflexus, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 384; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 493. Ornithocephalus mexicana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 24. Sour Mexico, between Oaxaca and Vera Cruz (Hartweg), Mirador (Liebmann, 215 ; Linden, 33), Cordillera of Vera Cruz 2000 to 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5130). Hb. Kew. 4, Ornithocephalus iridifolius, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 494. Souta Mexico, Zacuapan (Letbold). 5. Ornithocephalus salvinii, Rchb. f. MS. in herb. Kew. GuatemaLa, Barranca Honda at 3600 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 83. LOCKHARTIA. Lockhartia, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2715; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iu. p. 570. Fernandezia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 207, non Ruiz et Pav. A genus of about fifteen described species, spread nearly all over Tropical America. 1. Lockhartia amena, Endres et Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, p. 666. Costa Rica (Endres). 2. Lockhartia elegans, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2715; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 624; Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p.100; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 820. Fernandezia elegans, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1214; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 207. Sout Mexico, Teoxomulco (Karwinski)? Panama, Veraguas (ex Grisebach). —VENK- ZUELA; TRINIDAD; BRAZIL. 8. Lockhartia micrantha, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 768; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 820, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 106, t. 40. Panama, Veraguas (Hinds), without locality (Cuming).—Co.omBia. Hb. Kew. 4, Lockhartia mirabilis, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 106, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. p.12; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 820. Oncidium mirabile, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 697; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 34. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). ° 2p 2 292 ORCHIDEZ. 5. Lockhartia cerstedii, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 105, t. 40, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 40; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 821. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Crsted), without locality (Zndres).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 6. Lockhartia pallida, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 102, t. 39, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 819. Panama, Chagres (Behr), without locality (S. Hayes, 106).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 7. Lockhartia verrucosa, Rchb. f. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. 1859, p. 53; Refug. Bot. ii. t. 76. Fernandezia robusta, Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5592. Guatemata (Skinner; Bernoulli, 316). Hb. Kew. 8. Lockhartia, sp. Nicaraeva (Tate, 459). Hb. Kew. 9. Lockhartia, sp. ? Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 322, 492). Hb. Kew. 84. CAMPYLOCENTRON. Campylocentron, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 837; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 585. Todaroa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 28, non Webb. About fifteen species, inhabiting Tropical America, from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Campylocentron schiedei, Benth. in herb. Kew. ' Aeranthus schiedet, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 901. Angrecum schiedei, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 857, et Walp. Ann. iii. p. 572. Todaroa micrantha, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 28. SourH Mexico, Papantla (Liebmann, 261), Jalapa (Schiede ; Ehrenberg) ; GUATEMALA, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 403). Hb. Kew. The Guatemalan plant may be different. [Cirrhea tristis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1889, reported from Mexico, is almost certainly Brazilian. | 85. MACRADENIA. Macradenia, R. Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 612; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 586. Five species have been described, and they inhabit Guatemala, the West Indies, and Guiana. 1. Macradenia brassavole, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 734, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 697, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 11. GuaTEMALA (Warscewicz). ORCHIDEZ. 293 86. NOTYLIA. Notylia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 980, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 192; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 586. About eighteen or twenty species in Tropical America, dispersed from Mexico to Bolivia, Brazil, and the West Indies. 1. Notylia albida, K1. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 281; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 674; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p.- 12; Bot. Mag. t. 6311. GuatEemaLa (Warscewicz). 2. Notylia barkeri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 90; Rcehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 47, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 672. Mexico (Barker cult.). Hb. Kew. 3. Notylia bicolor, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 93; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 46, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 670, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 68; Bot. Mag. t. 5609. GUATEMALA, Comalapa (Hartweg), Las Nubes (Wendland), without locality (Ber- noullt, 324; Godman & Salvin). Ub. Kew. | 4. Notylia bipartita, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 672, et in Gard. Chron. n.s. xiv. p. 358. Mexico (Kienast ; Hoge). 5. Notylia huegelii, Fenzl, Denkschr. oester. Akad. i. p. 255; Walp. Ann. iii. p- 503, et vi. p. 673. Notylia tridachne, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 45. Tridachne virens, Liebm. ex Lindl. loc. cit. Souta Mexico, near Jalapa. 6. Notylia multiflora, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 315, t.10; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 674. Mexico? 7. Notylia orbicularis, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 26; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 675. Mexico (Galeotti). 8. Notylia pentachne, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, p. 90, Xenia Orch: i. p. 50, t. 20, et Walp. Ann. vi. p. 675. Panama, Veraguas (Behr), Chagres (Fendler, 438). Hb. Kew. 9. Notylia trisepala, Lindl. in Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. p. 45; Rehb. f Xenia Orch. i. p. 49, Walp. Ann. vi. p. 675, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 69. Costa Rica, Rio Sucio (Wendland). 294 ORCHIDEZ. Tribe IIT. NEOTTIEA. Neottiee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 463 et 480. 87. VANILLA. Vanilla, Swartz, in Nov. Act. Soc. Sc. Upsala, vi. p. 66, t.5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 590. This genus comprises about twenty species, widely dispersed in Tropical Asia, Africa, and America. 1. Vanilla inodora, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p.574; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 4387. Sout Mexico, Misantla (Schiede), Mirador (Iiebmann, 297). Hb. Kew. 2. Vanilla planifolia, Andrews, Bot. Rep. t. 538; R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 220; Bauer, Ill. Gen. Orch. tt. 10 et 11; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. PI. p. 485; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 638; Berg & Schmidt, Offiz. Gewachs. t. 23 a et 6. Myrobroma fragrans, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 82. . Mexico (ex Grisebach).—West INDIES and CoLomBIA to BRAZIL. 8. Vanilla pompona, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p.573; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. p. 47, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 214. Soura Mexico, Papantla and Colipa (Schiede), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2332) ; Nicaragua, Segovia (Grsted); Panama (Seemann)? Hb. Kew. 4. Vanilla sativa, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p. 573; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 437. Sours Mexico, Papantla, Misantla, and Colipa (Schiede). 5. Vanilla sylvestris, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p. 573; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 437. SourH Mexico, Papantla, Nantla, and Colipa (Schiede). 88. SOBRALIA. Sobralia, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. p. 120, t. 26; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 590. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, containing about thirty species, extending from Mexico to Peru and Guiana, but not, apparently, to the West Indies. 1. Sobralia bletiz, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 713, Xenia Orch. i. p. 76, t. 30, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p-6; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 11. PaNaMA, around the town of David ( Warscewicz). ORCHIDEZ. 295 2. Sobralia decora, Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 26; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 20; Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 77, t. 30. Sobralia sessilis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4570, icon in Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 104 (mutuata) ; Rchb. f. in Fl. des Serres, viii. p. 247. GuaTEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 3. Sobralia fenzliana, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 714, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. pp. 9 et 47; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 18. Nicaragua, Segovia (Girsted); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 1000 to 2000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. Specimens in Kew Herbarium from Veraguas (Seemann, 1160) and Frijoli railway station (S. Hayes, 493) may belong to this species. 4. Sobralia. galeottiana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat.. série 3, iii. p. 30; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 15. South Mexico, Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 3317)—Gutana. Hb. Kew. Concerning this species Dr. Reichenbach (Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 8) has the following note:—“Que sit Sobralia galeottiana, A. Rich., ego nescio. Specimina no. 0286 que ill. b. amicus Lindley affert in Folia sobralia, no. 15, ego nunc ipse possideo ex herbario Galleottiano, cujus Orchideas omnes habeo. Est planta peregregia, prope Talea Oaxace lecta, a Sobralia macrantha longe diversa, Sobraliew klotzschiane, Rehb. f., et S. fimbriate, Poepp. et Endl., admodum similis bracteis abbreviatis vagi- nisque setiferis. Pertinet ad sequentem sectionem. Specimina contra, que affert cl. Lindley sub Galeotti 5317 bene novi et ipse plura possideo. Hec sine ullo dubio pertinent ad Sobraliam decoram, Batem. Inde vix est dubitandum, omnem Sobraliam galleottianam esse synonymum Sobralie decore, Batem., quam | se non cognovisse ill. beatus amicus Lindley, 1. c., ipse confessus est.” 5. Sobralia labiata, Warsc. et Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 714, Fl. des Serres, vill. p. 247, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 7; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 7. PanaMA, Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 6. Sobralia lepida, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 68, et Xenia Orch. li. p. 177, t. 176. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Warscewicz). 7. Sobralia leucoxantha, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 68. Costa Rica, Desengafio ( Wendland). 8. Sobralia lindleyana, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 713, Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. pp. 6 et 68, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 156, t. 163: Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 10. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland) ; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 9000 feet (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 296 ORCHIDEZ. 9. Sobralia macrantha, Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 29, Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p- 431, et Fol. Orch. n. 22; Batem. Orch. Mex. & Guat. t. 37; Bot. Mag. t. 4446; Fl. des Serres, t. 669; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 8, t. 1. Sours Muxtco, Zacuapan (Leibold), Mirador (Sartorius), Orizaba (Botteri, 1016, 1046), Talea (Jurgensen, 596, 699), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 770), Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5062, 5274), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Hacienda del Carmen (Hartweg); GUATEMALA (Skinner ; Warscewicz), Barranca Honda (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 365). Hb. Kew. 10. Sobralia macrophylla, Rchb. f£ in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 713, Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 5, et Xenia Orch. i. p. 218, t. 90; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 23. Sobralia chlorantha, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4682, ic. in FI. des Serres, t. 840, iterata. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 11. Sobralia roseo-alba, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 7. CENTRAL AMERICA, without locality (Warscewicz). 12. Sobralia suaveolens, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. n. s. ix. p. 622. Panama, Colon (Stanger). 13. Sobralia warscewiczii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 714, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 9, t. 1; Lindl. Fol. Orch. n. 17. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 6000 feet ( Warscewicz). 14. Sobralia, sp. Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 176). Hb. Kew. 89. FREGEA. Fregea, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 712; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 590, sub Sodralia. Monotype. 1. Fregea amahbilis, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 712, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am, p. 10, t. 2. Panama, Cordillera of Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 90. CORYMBIS. Corymbis, Thouars, Orch. Iles Afr. t. 37; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 591. Chiotdia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 484. A genus of about six or seven known species widely dispersed in the tropics of both hemispheres. , ORCHIDEZ. 297 1. Corymbis flava, Hemsley. Chioidia flava, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 644, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 5; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 643. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 13, 15, 16); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui at 6000 feet (Warscewicz)’—Jamaica; Cusa. Hb. Kew. 2. Corymbis, sp.? Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 441). Hb. Kew. 91. CRANICHIS. Cranichis, Swartz in K. Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. Stockh. xxi. p. 226; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 593. Ocampoa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Se. Nat. série 3, i. p. 31? About twenty species, inhabiting America, from Mexico to Peru, and the West Indies. 1. Cranichis apiculata, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 92. GUATEMALA, between Duefias and Acatenango (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 9. Cranichis ciliata, Kunth, Synop. i. p. 324; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. PI. p- 451; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 62. | Ophrys ciliata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 334, t. 74. GuaTeMaLA, Las Nubes (Wendland).—Co.omBia to BoLivia. 3. Cranichis glandulosa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 30. Mexico (Galeott¢). 4. Cranichis muscosa, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 120, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p- 1429, t. 29; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 46; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 461. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Grsted).—Cusa to TRinipaD. 5. Cranichis reticulata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 62. Costa Rica, Desengafio (Wendland). 6. Cranichis schaffneri, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 238. Sourn Mexico, Belen (Schaffner), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 748). Hb. Kew. 7. Cranichis speciosa, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii, Orch. Opusc. p. 5 ; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 448. _ Sours Mexico, near Valladolid (La Llave). 8. Cranichis sylvatica, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 30. Sour Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5143)? Hb. Kew. 9. Cranichis subumbellata, A. Rich. et Gal, Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 30. Mexico (Galeottz). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. 2q 298 ORCHIDE#. 10. Cranichis tubulosa, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 451. MExico (Galeotti). 11. Cranichis tubularis, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 6; Lindl. Gen, & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 448. Souta Mexico, Cafiada del Rincon, near Vallisoletum (La Llave). Lindley, /. ¢., suggests that this and C. speciosa of the same authors may belong to Stenoptera, a genus of which no species is known within our limits. 12. Cranichis, sp. GuatemaLa, Volcan de Fuego at 5000 feet (Salvin, 3). Hb. Kew. 13. Cranichis, sp.? GuatTEMaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin, 188 a).. Hb. Kew. 14. Cranichis, sp.? GUATEMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 188). Hb. Kew. 15. Cranichis, sp. GuaTeMALA, Barranca Honda at 3800 feet (Salvin, 4). Hb. Kew. 16. Cranichis, sp. | Souty Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 157), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, Talea, &c. (Jurgensen, 568). Hb. Kew. 17. Cranichis, sp. (C. schaffneri, Rchb. f.?) Souta Mrxico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1528). Hb. Kew. 92. PRESCOTTIA. Prescottia, Lindl. in Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 115 (errore Prescotia); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 598. Galeoglossum, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 31. An exclusively American genus of about twenty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Prescottia colorans, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1915, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 454; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 62. | GuaTeMaLA, Las Nubes (Wendland); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba at 9000 feet (Wendland). Hb. Kew. Originally recorded as having been imported by Messrs. Loddiges from Brazil. 2. Prescottia galeottii, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xix. p. 377, et Walp. Ann. i. p. 806. Galeoglossum prescottioides, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, itl. p. 31. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca 4500 feet (Galeott:, 5011). Hb. Kew. 3. Prescottia lindeniana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 31. Mexico (Linden). ORCHIDE. 299. 4. Prescottia orchioides, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. p. 386. Souta Mexico, Bolafios (Hartwegq). 5. Prescottia pachyrhiza, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 31. Mexico (Galeotti). 6. Prescottia, sp. | Nicaracua, Chontales (Yate). Hb. Kew. 7. Prescottia, sp. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 744). Hb. Kew. 93. PONTHIEVA. Ponthieva, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 199; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 593. A genus of about ten published species, inhabiting America, from North Carolina through the West Indies and Mexico to Bolivia. 1. Ponthieva ephippium, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxviii. p. 382. Soutna Mexico (Schaffner). 2. Ponthieva glandulosa, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 200; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 444; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 46. Neottia glandulosa, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 842. Nort Carouina to Florida and the West Inpizs.— Mexico, Mirador (Sartorius), San Cornelio (Hartweg) ; Costa Rica, Cartago (@rsted).—Ecuapor? Hb. Kew. 3. Ponthieva guatemalensis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 63. GUATEMALA, in a ravine near the city of Guatemala ( Wendland). 4. Ponthieva oblongifolia, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 30. Mexico ((raleotti). 5. Ponthieva, sp. (P. guatemalensis, Rchb. f.%) GuateMata (Tiirckheim). Hb. Kew. 6. Ponthieva, sp. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 452). Hb. Kew. 94, PSEUDOCENTRUM. Pseudocentrum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. iii. p. 63; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 594, Of this genus there are five published species, and they inhabit Central America, the Andes, and Jamaica. 1. Pseudocentrum hoffmanni, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xi. p. 53. Pelexia hoffmanni, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 102. _ Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). 300 . ORCHIDEZ. 95. SPIRANTHES. Spiranthes, L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. iv. p. 50; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 596. A genus of about eighty described species, very widely spread in temperate and tropical regions. 1. Spiranthes aguacatensis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 46. Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted). 2. Spiranthes assurgens, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 66. GuaTEMALA, Oratoria (Wendland). 3. Spiranthes aurantiacus, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus aurantiacus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 479; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 92. Neottia aurantiaca, Lliav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orchid. Opuse. p. 2. Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3012; Miller, 230), Totontepec (Hartweg), Zimapan (Coulter, 1525); GuatemaLa, in pastures of San Lucas, Chimal- | tenango, Tejas, and elsewhere (Hartweg, 622), without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 4. Spiranthes chlorzformis, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 33. Soutn Mexico, Oaxaca at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 0008). Hb. Kew. 5. Spiranthes cinnabarinus, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus cinnabarinus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 479; Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 65. Neottia cinnabarina, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. 11., Orch. Opusc. p. 3. South Mexico, mountains of Irapeea and elsewhere (La Liave), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, Talea, &c. (Jurgensen, 665), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 767), without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 6. Spiranthes comosa, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 408. Mexico (Liebold). 7. Spiranthes colorans, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. n. s. xix. p. 210. Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Rich. Ann. Orch. Eur. p. 37; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 477; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 46 et 65. Neottia speciosa, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. in. t. 600; Hook. Exot. Fl. tt. 3 et 4; Bot. Mag. t. 13874. Lbidium speciosum, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soe. Lond. i. p. 291. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 4906), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5190), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2080); GuatemMaLa, Las Nubes (Wendland); Costa Rica, Cartago (sted); Panama, Veraguas (Bridges).—CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA; CuBA; Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 8. Spiranthes costaricensis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214, Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 46 et 102, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 185, t. 179. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Zirsted ; Hoffmann). ORCHIDEA. 301 9, Spiranthes ensifolia, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 211. CENTRAL AMERICA 2 10. Spiranthes funckiana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 32. Mexico (Galeotti). 11. Spiranthes galeottiana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 32. Sourn Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5011 bis). Hb. Kew. 12. Spiranthes graminea, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25. SoutH Mexico, Lagos (Hartweq). Hb. Kew. 13. Spiranthes gutturosa, Rchb. f. in Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 67, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 187, t. 179. Satvapor, San Vincente (Wendland). 14. Spiranthes hemichrea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 473; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 47 et 65. GuaTeMALA, without locality (Skinner), Las Nubes (Wendland) ; Nicaracua, Segovia (Grsted). Hb. Kew. 15. Spiranthes Iaveana, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72. Neottia micrantha, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orchid. Opuse. p. 5. Sout Mexico, Totontepec (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 16. Spiranthes longepetiolata, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 67. Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland). 17. Spiranthes lupulina, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus lupulinus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 479. South Mexico, Chapultepec (Karwinski); Guaramata (Savage). Hb. Kew. 18. Spiranthes madrensis, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus madrensis, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 177. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1958). Hb. Kew. 19. Spiranthes mechoacana, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus mechoacanus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 480. Neottia michuacana, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orchid. Opuse. p. 3. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1004), Mirador (Liebmann, 137, 191, 202, 203, 205; Sartorius). Hb. Kew. 20. Spiranthes montana, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus montanus, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 95. GUATEMALA, mountains of Duefias (Hartweg), without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 21. Spiranthes orchioides, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus orchioides, Rich. Ann. Orch. Eur. p. 37; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 477. Neottia, orchioides, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1411, t. 28; Bot. Mag. t. 1036. 302 ORCHIDEZ. Neottia squamulosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 332, t. 71. Neottia plantaginea, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 226. Ibidium crystalligerum, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 292. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miiller, 810), Oaxaca at 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5052). —West InpiEs to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 22. Spiranthes pauciflora, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus pauciflorus, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 211. MEXICco. 23. Spiranthes polyantha, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 408. _ Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 857) ; Souta Mexico, Chapultepec (Lezbold), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 242). Hb. Kew. 24. Spiranthes prasophylla, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 65, GuaTEMALA, between Hacienda de Pantaleon and Zapote (Wendland). 25. Spiranthes pyramidalis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 473. GUATEMALA, common (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 26. Spiranthes ramentacea, Lind]. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 384, et Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 53. South Mexico, near Santa Barbara (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 27. Spiranthes saccata, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 32. Mexico (Galeotti). 28. Spiranthes sceptrodes, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 214, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. pp. 46 et 65. GuatemaLa, Oratoria (Wendland) ; Nicaragua, Segovia (Grsted). 29. Spiranthes schaffneri, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxviii. p. 382. SourH Mexico (Schaffner). 30. Spiranthes smithii, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1868, p. $42. Costa Rica, Cartago (Smith). 31. Spiranthes sulphurea, Hemsley. Stenorrhynchus sulphureus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 478. Neottia sulphurea, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opusc. p. 4. Sout Mexico, in the province of Michoacan near Valladolid, and especially towards Jesus del Monte (La Liave). 32. Spiranthes thelymitra, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 66. GUATEMALA, near Oratoria &c. (Wendland). 33. Spiranthes trilineata, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94; Rehb. £ Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 66. GuaTEMaLA, plain of Guatemala (Hartweg ; Skinner), Hacienda de Naranjo (Wend. land). Hb. Kew. ORCHIDEZ. 303 96. PELEXTIA. Pelexia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 482, quoad species calcaratas; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 597. About seven or eight species, inhabiting Tropical America, from Central America 1 and the West Indies to Brazil. 1. Pelexia, sp. ? Nrcaraeua, Chontales (Tate, 313). Hb. Kew. 97. PHYSURUS. Physurus, L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. iv. p. 55, nomen; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 597. A genus of about twenty described species, inhabiting Tropical Asia and America. 1. Physurus calophyllus, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 64. Costa Rica, Costa de Congo ( Wendland). 2. Physurus claviger, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 211. New Span (hb. Pavon). | | 8. Physurus loxoglottis, Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 64, et Xenia Orch. ii. p. 182, t. 178. GUATEMALA, ravine near the city of Guatemala (Wendland). 4, Physurus tridax, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch.-Centr.-Am. p. 64, et Xenia Orch. ii. p- 182, t. 178. Costa Rica, Desengano (Wendland). _ 6, Physurus vaginatus, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 449. GuaTEeMALa (Skinner); Nicaragua (Late). Hb. Kew. 6. Physurus vesicifer, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 63. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba at 9000 feet (Wendland). 98. GOODYERA. Goodyera, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 197; Benth. & Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 602. This genus is represented in Europe, Madeira, Temperate and Tropical Asia, North America, New Caledonia, and the Mascarene Islands. About twenty-five species are known. 1. Goodyera striata, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 409. Physurus brachyceras, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, 11. p. 33. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5237), without locality (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 804 ORCHIDEZ. 99. ARETHUSA. Arethusa, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1014; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 614. A genus of three described species, whereof one is a native of Japan, one of eastern North America, and the third of Mexico and Guatemala. 1. Arethusa rosea, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xviii. p. 348. Crybe rosea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 425; Bot. Reg. t. 1872; Rechb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.- Am. pp. 11 et 68. Bletia purpurata, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, ili. p. 23, ex Rchb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. p. 445. Mexico (Galeotti); GuaTeMaLa, ravines (Skinner; Warscewicz; Wendland). Ub. Kew. | 100. POGONTA. Pogonia, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 65; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 615. Upwards of thirty species of this genus have been described, and they are very widely diffused in both hemispheres. 1. Pogonia rosea, Hemsley. Cleistes rosea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 410; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 636. Panama ( Duchassaing).—Co.LomBia to GUIANA and in the West Inpizs. 2. Pogonia, sp. ? NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. 101. EPIPACTIS. Epipactis, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. p. 201, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 619. Ten species have been published, and they are generally diffused in Temperate Europe, Asia, and North America. 1. Epipactis gigantea, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 202, t. 202; Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 137. Epipactis americana, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 385, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 462. From Wasuineton TERrirory to CALIFORNIA and Western Texas.—Sours Mexico, at the falls of the Rio del Salto (Hartweg). Ub. Kew. Tribe TV. OPHRYDE. Ophrydee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 464 et 485. 102. HABENARIA. Habenaria, Willd. Sp. Plant. iv. p. 44; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 624. As restricted by Bentham and Hooker, this is the most widely diffused genus of ORCHIDEA. 305 Orchids, having nearly the same range as the order; and it is the most numerous in species among terrestrial genera, numbering nearly 400 species. 1. Habenaria clypeata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 311, et in Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 52 et 53. | Sourn Mexico, Michoacan and Uruapan (Galeotti, 5218, 5219), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5151), Anganguio (Hartweg), between Totutla and Huatusco (Liebmann, 144), region of Orizaba (Hahn, 2872); GuatemaLa, between Casillas and Laguna de Ayarces (Bernoulli, 706). Hb. Kew. 2. Habenaria crassicornis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 311. Sours Mexico, Mineral del Monte (Schiede), without locality (Karwinski), Hb. Kew. 3. Habenaria diffusa, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 28. South Mexico, Mirador ( Galeotti, 7263 ; Sartorius; Liebmann, 145, 146); GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego, 5000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 4. Habenaria entomantha, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 311. Orchis entomantha, Liav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Deser. 11., Orchid. Opuse. p. 8. Sourh Mexico, near Valladolid (La Llave), without locality (Karwinski), Totutla, Vera Cruz (Liebmann, 157, 160, 247). Hb. Kew. 5. Habenaria flexuosa, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 311. Sourn Mexico, San Pedro, Oaxaca (Karwinski), Orizaba (Bottert, 234). Hb. Kew. 6. Habenaria ghiesbreghtiana, Hemsley. Platanthera ghiesbreghtiana, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, 11. p. 30. Sout Mexico, without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 7. Habenaria lactiflora, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 28. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Hahn). Hb. Kew. Var. buccalis, Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 61. Costa Rica, Alahuela to Desengafio (Wendland). 8. Habenaria leucostachys, S. Watson in Bot. Calif. ii. p. 134. Platanthera leucostachys, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 288. British TERRITORY, southward on the western side of the continent to CALIFORNIA and Arizona.—Nortu Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Z'hurber). A’ 9. Habenaria limosa, Hemsley. Platanthera limosa, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 381. SoutH Mexico, Anganguio (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 10. Habenaria macroceratitis, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 44; Rchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 102. Habenaria macroceras, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. p. 692; Bot. Mag. t. 2947. Orchis habenaria, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1831. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—J amatca. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. or 306 ORCHIDEZ. 11. Habenaria maxillaris, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. i. p. 5, et Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 310; Kchb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 61. Platanthera foliosa, Brongn. in Duperr. Voy. ‘ Coquille,’ Bot. Phanerog. p. 194, t. 38. GuaTeMaLA, Duefias (Wendland).—Cotoms1a ; PErv. Reichenbach (2. c.) says :—“‘ Num vere huc pertineat Platanthera foliosa, Brongn. 9 ego nescio.’ 12. Habenaria novemfida, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 94. GUATEMALA, ravines (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 13. Habenaria odontopetala, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 407. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 234; Sartorius), temperate Mexico (Leidold). Hb. Kew. 14. Habenaria crstedii, Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 212, et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 45. NicaraGua, Segovia (Hrsted). Hb. Kew. 15. Habenaria petalodes, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 316; Rehb. f. Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 5 (var. micrantha). Panama (Warscewicz).—-BRAZIL. 16. Habenaria repens, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. PI. ii. p. 190; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. States, p. 461. Caro.ina to FLoripa and Groreia.—GuaTEMALa, Duefias, 4950 feet (Salvin).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. | 17. Habenaria setifera, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 881; Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 407. Soura Mexico (Hartweg ; Leibold). Hb. Kew. 18. Habenaria spathacea, A. Rich. et Gal. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 3, iii. p. 29. Mexico (Galeotts). 19. Habenaria strictissima, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xviii. p. 407. Habenaria pyramidalis, Lindl. Sout Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg), without locality (Coulter, 1524), temperate Mexico (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 20. Habenaria triptera, Rchb. f. in Linnea, xxii. p. 814. Sours Mzxico, Mirador (Sartorius), Mesa Chica (Schiede), Zacuapan (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 21. Habenaria vulcanica, Hemsley. Platanthera vulcanica, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 381. Sout Mexico, Real del Monte (Hartweg), peak of Orizaba, 10,000 to 12,000 feet ORCHIDEZ. | 307 (Liebmann, 141, 235, 242, 244), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 11,000 feet ( Galeotti, 5191). Hb. Kew. 22. Habenaria, sp. ‘Sour Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 538). Hb. Kew. 23. Habenaria, sp. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1956); Soura Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1524). Hb. Kew. 24, Habenaria, sp. Sours Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bottert, 233; Miller, 1572). Hb. Kew. Tribe V. CYPRIPEDIEZ. Cypripediee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. pp. 464 et 487. 103. CYPRIPEDIUM. Cypripedium, Linn, Gen. Plant. n. 1015; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ui. p. 634. Of this genus upwards of forty species have been published; and they are widely spread in Europe, Temperate and Tropical Asia, and North America, from the Arctic regions to Guatemala. 1. Cypripedium irapeanum, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. ii., Orch. Opuse. p. 10; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 528; Bot. Reg. 1846, p. 58. Cypripedium molle, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 72. Cypripedium lexarze, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1839, P. 265 ? Cypripedium splendidum, Scheidw. l.c. p. 266? Sourn Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2500 feet (Galeotti, 5162), Zacuapan (Linden, 8), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght), between Chila and Huahuapan (Andrieuz, 90) ; Guatema.a, Volcan de Agua (Hartweg), without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 104. SELENIPEDIUM. Selenipedium, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 635. About ten species, inhabiting the mountains of South and Central America. 1. Selenipedium caudatum, Rehb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 3; Pescatorea, t. 24 ; Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 44. Selenipedium warscewiczianum, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 3. \ys Cypripedium caudatum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Pl. p. 5381; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 638; Warner, Sel. Orch. ser. 2, t. 1. Cypripedium warscewiczianum, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 692. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz)—CotomBia ; Perv. Hb. Kew. 2. Selenipedium chica, Rchb. f. Xenia Orch. i. p. 3, t. 2. Panama (Duchassaing). Hb. Kew. 272 308 ORCHIDEZ. 8. Selenipedium longifolium, Rchb. f. et Warsc. Xenia Orch. i. p. 3 et Beitr. Orch. Centr.-Am. p. 44. | Cypripedium longifolium, Rehb. f. et Warsc. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 690; Bot. Mag. t. 5970. Costa Rica (Endres); Panama, Cordillera of Chiriqui at 5000 to 8000 feet ( Warsce- wicz). Hb. Kew. Series II. EPIGYN. Order CXLI. SCITAMINE. Scitaminee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 636. This Order is almost exclusively confined to tropical regions, where it is generally diffused. There are thirty-seven genera, comprising about 450 species. Tribe I. ZINGIBERE. Zingiberee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 637 et 639. Of the twenty-one genera belonging to this tribe only two are represented in America. 1. COSTUS. Costus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 646. A genus of about twenty-five species, spread over Tropical Asia, Africa, America, and Australia. 1. Costus hirsutus, Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p.112; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 37. Mexico (Henke). A specimen in Kew herbarium, named C. spicatus, Swartz, gathered in Yucatan or Tabasco (E. P. Johnson, 132), may be this species. 2. Costus pictus, D. Don, in Bot. Reg. t. 1594; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p- 37. Mexico (Deppe). 8. Costus pulverulentus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p.111; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 37. Mexico (Henke). 4, Costus spicatus, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 6; Rose. Scit.t. 77; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 37. ; South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2098)% Hb. Kew. Our plant may or may not be the true C. spicatus, which is accredited with a wide area of distribution in the West Indies and South America. SCITAMINER. 309 5. Costus, sp. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 447). Hb. Kew. 2. RENEALMIA. Renealmia, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 7; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 648. With the exception of one species in West Tropical Africa, this genus is confined to Tropical America. About fifteen species are known. 1. Renealmia racemosa, Rosc. ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 601. Alpinia racemosa, Plum. Pl. Amer. i. t. 20? Alpinia spicata, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 109, syn. A. presliana, Steud. ex Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 34? Soutn Mexico (Henke). As understood by Grisebach this species has a wide range. 2. Renealmia ruiziana, Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 33. Amomum racemosum, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. t. i. Soura Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti) —CotomBia to Peru. Hb. Kew. 3. Renealmia, sp. Nicaraeua (Tate, 154, 410). Hb. Kew. 4, Renealmia, sp. PanaMa, Chagres (Fendler, 445). Hb. Kew. This is probably the Alpinia strobilifera, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 26, t. 136. Moritz collected the same plant in Maracaybo. Tribe II. MARANTEA. Marantee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 688 et 649. _ Ten genera are referred to this tribe, and they are generally dispersed in the Tropics, except, perhaps, Australia; but the species are not numerous in America. 3. ISCHNOSIPHON. Ischnosiphon, Keernicke in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mose. xi. p. 346, tt. 10 et 11, et in Bull. Soc. ejusd. 1862, i. p. 80; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 649. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which thirteen species are enumerated. 1. Ischnosiphon plurispicatus, Kern. in Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mose. xi. ex Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 11. - Calathea lava, Popp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. t. 180? Panama, Chagres (endler, 337).—TrinipaD ; GutaNA; Brazit. Hb. Kew. . 810 . §CITAMINEA. 4, MARANTA. Marenta, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 649. As limited by Bentham and Hooker, this is an exclusively Tropical-American genus of about ten described species. 1. Maranta arundinacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 2307; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 9; Rose. Scit. t. 25. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 171), Jalapa 3000 feet (Galeotti, 4981), Teguisixtlan, Oaxaca (Andrieua, 83), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 801); PanaMa, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 306).— Widely spread in ‘TRopivaL AMERICA and the WEST InpiEs, though probably often occurring only as an escape from, or the remains of, cultivation. Hb. Kew. 2. Maranta gibba, Sm. in Rees Cyclop. ex Rosc. Scit. t. 29; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 9; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 605. Mexico (ex Grisebach) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 171; Tate, 173).—ANTIGUA and BarBapos to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Maranta indica, Tussac, Fl. Antill. i. t. 26; Desc. Fl. Antill. viii. t. 549 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 605. Mexico (ex Grisebach).—West InDiIus; VENEZUELA. 4, Maranta jacquini, Rem. et Schultes, Syst. Pl. i. p. 558; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 9. Maranta lutea, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. t. 201. Mexico (ex Horaninow).— VENEZUELA to BRazIL. [_Phrynium warscewiczii, Klotzsch in Otto and Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855, p. 89, from Central America, probably belongs to this genus. | 5. THALIA. Thalia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 8; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 650. A genus of five described species, inhabiting Tropical America and the South-eastern States of North America, one recurring in Tropical Africa. 1. Thalia geniculata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1193; Rosc. Scit. t. 45; Griseb. Fi. Brit. W. Ind. p. 605. South Mexico (Beechey); Nicaragua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 89); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 338), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 305).—VENEZUELA ; Guiana; Brazit; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. SCITAMINEA. 311 6. CALATHEA. Calathea, G. F. W. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 6; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 653. About sixty species of this genus have been recorded; two of them from Tropical Africa, and all the rest from Tropical America. 1. Calathea, sp. (aff. C. guianensi). Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 303, 409). Hb. Kew. 2. Calathea, sp. ? Nicaragua (Tate, 408). Hb. Kew. Tribe III. CANNEA. Cannee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 639 et 654. Limited to the genus Canna. 7. CANNA. Canna, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ill, p. 654. A genus of barely thirty species, all of which are natives of Tropical and Subtropical America, and one of which is very widely spread in warm regions. Two or three others are also found here and there in the Old World, where, however, they may have been introduced. Horaninow (Prodr. Monogr. Scit.) enumerates sixty-six species, which, excluding a few doubtful ones, Regel (Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1866) reduces to twenty-five; but even these are very imperfectly represented in herbaria. 1. Canna cinnabarina, Bouché in Linnea, xviii. p. 490 ; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 16. MExIco. Like many others proposed by the same author, this probably should rank no higher than a garden variety. The description is limited to the colours of the sepals, petals, and stamens. 2. Canna glauca, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 603; Regel. Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1866, p. 84; Rose. Scit. t. 7. Canna mexicana, Bouché in Linnea, viii. p. 158; Bot. Mag. t. 2802 (Canna glauca, B. rufa) ; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 14. Mexico (ex Bouché). 3. Canna heliconisefolia, Bouché in Linnea, viii. p. 164; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 17. Mexico (ex Bouché). Described from a cultivated plant. 312 SCITAMINE. 4; Canna liliiflora, Warsc. in Fl. des Serres, t. 1055; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 17; Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1866, p. 86. Panama, Veraguas ( Warscewicz). 5. Canna longifolia, Bouché in Linnea, xviii. p. 487; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 15. MExIco. 6. Canna lutea, Rosc. in Bot. Reg. t. 773, et Scit. t. 18; Bot. Mag. t. 2085; Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1866, p. 87 (varietates 4), Canna pallida, Rosc. Scit. t. 19, et 8. maculata, t. 20. Canna lagunensis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1311. Canna aurantiaca, Rose. Scit. t. 21. MEXICco. The distribution of this species is imperfectly known. 7. Canna patens, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, p.1; Bot. Reg. t. 576; Rose. Scit. t. 3; Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 1866, p. 84. Canna indica, Bot. Mag. t. 454, non Linn. Canna xalapensis, Bouché in Linnea, vii. p. 163. Sour Mexico, Jalapa (ex Bouché). 8. Canna warscewiczil, Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1851, p. 289; Bot. Mag. t. 4854; Belg. Hort. ii. p. 277, cum ic. color.; Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort.. Bot. Petrop. 1866, p. 87. Costa Rica ( Warscewicz). Tribe 1V. MUSE. Musee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. pp. 639 et 655. This tribe comprises four genera, of which Strelitzia is confined to South Africa; Ravenala is represented by one species in North-eastern South America, and by a second in Madagascar; and Musa is an Old-World genus, two or three species of which are commonly cultivated and more or less wild in all hot countries. MM. paradisiaca, Linn., and I. sapientum, Linn., are both common in Tropical America. 8. HELICONIA. Heliconia, Linn. Mant. n. 1297; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 655. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about twenty-five species, one of which occurs here and there in the Old World, though perhaps nowhere as an indigenous plant. 1. Heliconia bihai, Linn. Mant. p- 211; Swartz, Obs. p. 96, t. 5; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 39; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 600; Bot. Reg. t. 874. Musa bihai, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1477. SCITAMINEZ. 313 Sout Mexico, Tuspango (Bourgeau, 2502).—CotomBia to Perv and Guiana and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Heliconia hirsuta, Linn. fil. ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 600. Heliconia psittacorum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 213, non Linn. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 574).—VENEZUELA; Gutana; St. VINCENT. Hb. Kew. 3. Heliconia psittacorum, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 158; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 40; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 600; Bot. Mag. t. 502. _ Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 419, 420).—Vunuzveta to Brazit and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 4. Heliconia vaginalis, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur, p. 171; Horan. Prodr. Monogr. Scit. p. 39. Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 170); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 443).—Isip or Goreona. Hb. Kew. Order CXLIT. BROMELIACE. Bromeliacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 657. This Order is restricted to America, and numbers about 350 described species, referred to twenty-seven genera. 1. BROMELIA. Bromelia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 395, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 660. Agallostachys, Beer, Bromel. p. 35. Four or five species, inhabiting Tropical America. 1. Bromelia pinguin, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 285; Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1277; Redout. Lil. t. 396; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 216; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 591. Agallostachys pinguin, Beer, Bromel. p. 36. PANAMA, common in dry sunny localities (Seemann).— West Inpins and CoLoMBIA to GUIANA. 2. KARATAS. Karatas, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 67; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 660. Nidularium, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. iv. Misc. p. 60, t. 411. Regelia, Lemaire, Tl. Hort. 1860, sub t. 245, non Schauer. About ten species in Tropical America and the West Indies. 1. Karatas plumieri, E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1872, p. 131. Bromelia karatas, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 285 ; Jacq. Hort. Vindob. tt. 31 et 32; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, , p. 216. Nidularium karatas, Lemaire ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 591. Panama, in dark woods all over the isthmus (Seemann).—Cusa to GUIANA. - | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL., February 1884. 2s 314 BROMELIACEA, 3. ANANAS. Ananas, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 67; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 662. Five or six species in Tropical America, or, if some of the distincter cultivated forms be regarded as species, as many as eight or ten. 1. Ananas sativus, Schultes in Roem. et Schalt. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1283. Ananassa sativa, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1068; DC. in Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, vii. p. 161, tt. 1 et 2; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 215; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 591; Desc. Fl. Antill. tt. 36 et 341. | | Panama, apparently wild in various parts of the country, generally in dry localities on the outskirts of woods (Seemann). This has been in general cultivation in the hotter parts of America for a very long period, and it is widely spread in a wild state; but it is impossible in all cases to decide whether it is indigenous or an escape from cultivation. It is also so thoroughly naturalized in some parts of the Old World as to have all the appearance of being indigenous. 4, AACHMEA. Aichmea, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. p. 47, t. 8; Syst. Veg. p. 83, et Fl. Peruv. et Chil. iii. p. 37, t. 264 3 Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 129. A genus of about sixty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Paraguay and South Brazil. 1, Aichmea dactylina, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 161. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 450). Hb. Kew. 2. Aichmea laxiflora, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 173; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 167. Hohenbergia laxiflora, Baker in Refug. Bot. sub t. 284. Aloe americana arboribus innascens, Rel. Houst. ed. Banks, t. 16. Bromelia bracteata, Schultes in Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1280, pro parte. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Houston), Yucatan (Schott), Acapulco (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 3. Aichmea mariz-regine, Wendl. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xix. p- 32; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 162; Bot. Mag. t. 6441. Costa Rica, cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. 4. Aichmea mexicana, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 165. SoutH MeExioo, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3106). Hb. Kew. 5. Aichmea pubescens, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 135. Nicaraaua (Tate, 416); Panama, Chagres (Fendiler, 449), without locality (Seemann). Hb. Kew. BROMELIACEA. 315 6. Aichmea schiedeana, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 437; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 168. _ Sovura Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). Baker suggests that this may be the same as 4. laxiflora. 7. Aschmea spectabilis, Brongn. in Rev. Hort. 1875, p. 311; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 165. Pironneava spectabilis, K. Koch, ex E. Morr. Cat. 1873, p. 18. GUATEMALA. 8. Adchmea vriesioides, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1879, p. 134. Nicaracua, Mosquito coast (Capt. Miller, 1774).—Gutana. 5, BILLBERGIA. Billbergia, Thunb. Dec. Pl. Bras. p. 80, ex Schultes; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 664. About twenty species in Tropical America, chiefly in Brazil. 1. Billbergia pallidiflora, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hafn. 1854, p. 26. NICARAGUA. 6. PITCAIRNIA. Pitcairnia, Lhér. Sert. Angl. p. 7, t.11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 665; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 225. About seventy species spread over Tropical America from Mexico and the West Indies to Peru, Bolivia, and South Brazil. 1. Pitcairnia atrorubens, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 307. Phlomostachys atrorubens, Beer, Bromel. p. 48. Puya warscewiczii, Wendl. in Bot. Mag. t. 5225. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). 9. Pitcairnia echinata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4709; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p- 272; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 407; FI. des Serres, t. 844. Mexico? CoLoMBIA. 3. Pitcairnia elata, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hafn. 1849, p. 14; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 91. MEXICO. Baker (Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 270) states that the description of this plant agrees, as far as it goes, with P. albiflos, a Brazilian species. 4. Pitcairnia ferruginea, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. iii. p. 36; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 304. Pitcairnia asterotricha, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. t. 158. Puya grandiflora, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5234. 316 BROMELIACEZ. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (ex Hooker).—Pzrrvu. Hb. Kew. Baker states that the Mexican locality given in the ‘ Botanical Magazine’ is doubtless a mistake. 5. Pitcairnia fulgens, A. Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 187. GuaTEMALA (Linden). 6. Pitcairnia gireoudiana, A. Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xxi. p. 105. GUATEMALA. 7. Pitcairnia heterophylla, Beer, Bromel. p. 68; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 228. Pitcairnia morrenii, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 291. Pitcairnia cernua, Kunth et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1848, p. 12. Pitcairnia exscapa, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hafn. 1848, p. 12; Bot. Mag. t. 4591. Puya heterophylla, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 71. Puya longifolia, Morren in Ann. Gand, ii. p. 483, t. 101 ; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. t. 86. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2524; Miller); Guaremaa, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 307, 414, 415), Realejo (Sinclair) ; Panama, near David, Veraguas (Seemann, 1564).—VuEnzzuELa; CotomBra. Hb. Kew. 8. Pitcairnia imbricata, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 307. Neumannia imbricata, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xv. p. 862. Phlomostachys imbricata, Beer, Bromel. p. 47. South Mexico, without locality (Andrieur), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1778). Hb. Kew. 9. Pitcairnia jacksoni, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4540; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 267. Lamproconus jacksoni, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 127, icon Bot. Mag. mutuata. GUATEMALA (Jackson cult.). 10. Pitcairnia karwinskiana, Schultes in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p- 1239; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 268. Pitcairnia ringens, Klotzsch in Link, Klotzsch & Otto Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 63, t. 25; Regel, Gartenflora, t. 53. Pitcairnia splendens, Warsc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 176. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 911), without locality (Karwinski). Hb. Kew. 11. Pitcairnia montalbensis, A. Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p- 138. Mexico (Linden). 12. Pitcairnia moritziana, K. Koch et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1856, App. p. 4; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 231. GuATEMALA (Veitch cult.). BROMELIACEA. 317 13. Pitcairnia ochroleuca, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 306. (Tab. LXXXV.) Neumannia ochroleuca, K. Koch et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1856, App. p. 2. GuaTeMALa, Barranca Honda, Volcan de Fuego 3800 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXV. A reduced figure of an entire plant of Pitcairnia ochroleuca, with leaf and inflorescence, natural size. Fig. 1, a flower ; 2, a segment of the perianth and stamen ; 3, a pistil: enlarged. 14. Pitcairnia odorata, Regel, Gartenfl. iv. p. 46, t.114; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 90. Tillandsia schuchii, Beer et Fenzl in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xiv. p. 265. Cochliopetalum odoratum, Beer, Bromel. p. 69. MEXIco. 15. Pitcairnia petiolata, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 307. Neumannia petiolata, K. Koch et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1856, App. p. 2. GuaTEMALA ( Warscewicz). 16. Pitcairnia punicea, Lindl. ex K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1857, App. p. 8; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 90; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 304. Soutn Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1159). Hb. Kew. 17. Pitcairnia tabuleformis, Linden, Cat. 1862, p. 5; Morr. in Belg. Hort. 1862, p. 257, cum icone; Lemaire, Tl. Hort. t. 344; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 228. Souta Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). 18. Pitcairnia vallisoletana, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 19; Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 303. Souta Mexico, mountains of Valladolid (La Liave). 19. Pitcairnia zeifolia, K. Koch, Monogr. p. 4; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 805; Bot. Mag. t. 6535. GuATEMALA ( Warscewicz).— VENEZUELA. 7. HECHTIA. Hechtia, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1835, p. 401; Zucc. in Abhandl. Akad. Wiss. Minch. iii. p. 239, t.6; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 667. This genus is not known to extend beyond Mexico. 1. Hechtia argentea, Baker in Bot. Mag. sub t. 6554, nomen tantum. Mexico. Mr. Baker has furnished us with the following descriptive notes taken from living plants :— “Habit of H. ghiesbreghtii; leaves up to 100, in a dense rosette, all except the innermost horizontally spreading in the lower part and then sharply recurved, rigid in 318 -BROMELIACEA, texture, the largest 11 to 2 feet long by # inch broad, clothed on both sides with a dense coat of a persistent tomentum, beneath which the surface is green, fine ribs visible on both sides through the tomentum; pungent, spreading, uncinate, horny marginal spines + to 3 inch apart and 3 to 4 lines long; inflorescence a lax spike with small white flowers in globose clusters. “Very near H. ghiesbreghtit, but that has leaves green above, growing bright purple in the upper part.” 2. Hechtia cordylinoides, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6554. Mexico. Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. 3. Hechtia ghiesbreghtii, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. x. t. 378; Bot. Mag. t. 5842. MEXICO. Bentham & Hooker (Gen. Plant. /. c.) suggest that this is the same as H. glomerata. 4. Hechtia glomerata, Zucc. in Abhandl. Akad. Wiss. Miinch. iii. p. 240, t. 6. Dasylirion pitcairniefolium, Zucc. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p. 258. Mexico (Karwinskt). . 5. Hechtia schottii, Baker, n. sp. “Leaf thick, rigid, lanceolate, 18 inches long by $ to £ broad at base exclusive of prickles, tapering to a long point; face naked; back white striped; prickles brown, horny, distant, large, curved upwards, 4 to } inch long, apex pungent. Inflorescence a lax panicle with ascending branches and a floccose rhachis ; branches spicate, close at top, lax downwards ; bracts deltoid, cuspidate, lowest 3 to 4 inch long. Sepals oblong, half as long as capsule; petals not seen. Capsule 4 inch long, valves septicidal and split down the back.” —Baker MSS. Sourn Mexico, Cerro de Maxeana, Yucatan (Schott, 645). Hb. Brit. Mus. This differs from H. argentea and H. ghiesbreghtii in its densely spicate inflorescence. 6. Hechtia stenopetala, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit, 1835, p- 402. | South Mzxico, Cuesta Grande de Chiconquiaco (Schiede & Deppe). 8. CARAGUATA. Caraguata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1068 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 668. Five species are recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and Colombia. 1. Caraguata zahnii, Hook. f Bot. Mag. t. 6059; Belg. Hort. 1873, p. 342, tt. 19 et 20. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Zahn). BROMELIACE. 319 9. TILLANDSIA. Tillandsia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 396; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 669. Pityrophyllum, Beer, Bromel. p. 79. Anoplophyllum, Beer, 1. c. p. 39. Vriesia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, t. 10. Platystachya, K. Koch ex Beer, Bromel. p. 80. Allardtia, Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 241. Of this genus upwards of a hundred species are enumerated, covering the whole range of the Order, from Virginia in the north to Chili and Buenos Ayres. Among the Mexican and Central-American specimens at Kew are several very distinct, apparently undescribed species; but in most instances the materials are insufficient for complete descriptions, so we have thought it better to be content with indicating their affinities, especially as many of the described species are imperfectly known. 1. Tillandsia aloides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 55. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). This is most likely a species of Catopsis. 2. Tillandsia apicroides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 55. Sours Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). If a specimen in Kew herbarium has been correctly identitied with this species, it is the same as Catopsis parviflora; but the specimen does not agree very well with the description. 8. Tillandsia brachycaulos, Schl. in Linnea, Xvlll. p. 422; E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1878, p. 185, t. 11. ~ Mexico (Leibold ; Karwinski). 4, Tillandsia bulbosa, Hook. Exot. Fl. t.173; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 596 ; - Bot. Mag. t. 4288 (var. picta). Platystachys bulbosa, Beer, Bromel. p. 83. GuaTeMALa (Skinner); Panama (S. Hayes).—Jamaica to TrintpaD, Guiana, and BRAZIL. . _ 5. Tillandsia cerulea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 291; Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1209. South Mexico, on the banks of Macara and near Sochipala and Sopilote (Humboldt & Bonpland). | 6. Tillandsia cespitosa, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 54, non Leconte. Vriesia incurvata, Gaud. Voy. ‘ Bonite,’ t. 68, teste Baker. Tillandsia multicaulis, Steud. Nomencl. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2960), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. | 320 BROMELIACEA. 7. Tillandsia canescens, Swartz, Prodr. p. 57, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 595; Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1216; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 595. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2103).—Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 8. Tillandsia complanata, Morr. Belg. Hort. 1872, p. 300, t. 23, vix Benth, teste Baker. Platystachys complanata, Morr. 1. c. Vriesia xyphostachys, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5287. Souta Mexico, near Cordova (Omer de Malzine). 9. Tillandsia cyanea, E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1879, p. 297. Platystachys cyanea, K. Koch, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1856 ; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 68. Allardtia cyanea, Dietr. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, p. 242. GUATEMALA ( Warscewicz). 10. Tillandsia ehrenbergiana, Hemsley. Platystachys ehrenbergiana, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. Append. iv. p. 5. Mexico (Ehrenberg).—St. Tuomas. 11. Tillandsia fasciculata, Swartz, Prody. p. 56, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 586; Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1211; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 595. Sour Mexico, Chila, Puebla (Andriewx, 59).—West Inpies. Hb. Kew. The Mexican specimen agrees exactly with one collected by Guilding in St. Vincent, and referred by Grisebach to this species. 12. Tillandsia fasciculata, Swartz, var. Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 253. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1768).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. Probably specifically different from 7. fasciculata. Bourgeau’s Mexican specimens do not seem to differ from Wright’s Cuban n. 680. | 13, Tillandsia filifolia, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 53. Tillandsia staticeflora, EB. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1871, p. 117, t. 12. South Muxico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1202; Botteri, 1052), Tenampa, Vera Cruz (Linden, 3), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2102), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 128). Hb. Kew. 14. Tillandsia flexuosa, Swartz, Prodr. p. 57, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p- 990; Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p.1213; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 596; Bot. Reg. t. 749. (var. pallida). Tillandsia tenuifolia, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 92, t. 68, non Linn. Tillandsia aloifolia, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 205. Honpuras (Gabb); Panama (S. Hayes, 174).—Cotompia to Guiana and throughout the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 15. Tillandsia foliosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p- 9). SourH Mexico, Jalapa at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 4909). | BROMELIACEA. 321 16. Tillandsia foliosa, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 597, non Mart. et Gal. teste Baker in hb. Kew. Sout Mexico, near Toluca (Andrieux, 60), near Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 893, 1294). —GuiANA; St. Vincent. Hb. Kew. 17. Tillandsia eladiolifiora, Wendl. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 31; Wiener Ill. Gart. Zeit. 1880, p. 97, t. 1 (var. purpurascens). Costa Rica (Wendland). 18. Tillandsia grandis, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 424. South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 19. Tillandsia karswinskiana, Schultes in Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p- 1209; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. x. p. 460. Mexico (Karwinskt). 20. Tillandsia kunthiana, Gaud. Voy. ‘ Bonite,’ t. 53. Platystachys kunthiana, Beer, Bromel. p. 90. Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1777, 1908). Hb. Kew. 91. Tillandsia leiboldiana, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 414. SourH Mzxico, Barrancas (Leibold), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 22. Tillandsia limbata, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 419. Sourn Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 93. Tillandsia malzinei, Baker in Kew Gard. Rep. 1878, p. 59; Bot. Mag. t. 6495. Vriesia malzinei, E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1874, p. 313, t. 14. SoutH Mexico, near Cordova (Malzine). 24, Tillandsia paniculata, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 54, et xviii. p. 424. Tillandsia deppeana, Steud. Nomencl. Soura Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 95. Tillandsia polystachya, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 410; Schultes in Roem, et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 2, p. 1216. Sourn Mexico, Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 83; Schott).—Wexst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 26. Tillandsia quadrangularis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p- 9). Soutn Mexico, Chinantla and Rincon, Oaxaca 2500 to 4500 feet (Galeotti, 4917), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1773), Jalapa (Coulter, 1577). Hb. Kew. 97. Tillandsia recurvata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 410; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, February 1884. 2t 322 BROMELIACEZ. p- 598; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 239; Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. iii. p. 42, t. 271. Tillandsia uniflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 290. Diaphoranthema recurvata et D. uniflora, Beer, Bromel. p. 156. Froripa ; Texas.—MeExico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1756), Xochialco (Hahn), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 96).—West Inpizs and southward to Caitt and Busnos Ayres. Hb. Kew. | 28. Tillandsia recurvifolia, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5246. Panama (Christie). 29. Tillandsia (Vriesia) ringens, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 255. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 448).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 30. Tillandsia streptophylla, Scheidw. in Hortic. Belge, iii. p. 252, cum ic. xylogr.; Belg. Hort. 1878, p. 296, tt. 18 et 19. Tillandsia circinnata, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 430. South Mexico (Malzine), Hacienda de la Laguna (Leibold), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 31. Tillandsia setacea, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 593; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 595; Refug. Bot. iv. t. 288 (nec Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3275). Tillandsia tenuifolia, Linn. ex parte. Tillandsia pulchella, Hook. Exot. Fl. ii. t. 154 (T. pulchra in textu). Sour Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey), Jalapa (Coulter, 1577), valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1773); Guaremata, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 1193).—Southward to CHILI and Urvevay, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 32. Tillandsia tortilis, Klotzsch ex Beer, Bromel. p. 266. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 872) ; Sovrn Mexico, Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 97). Hb. Kew. This name, applied to a very distinct species, seems to have reached Kew from the Paris herbarium ; it is also included in Beer’s enumeration ; but we have not found any publication of it with a description. 33. Tillandsia tricolor, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 54; E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1879, p. 162, tt. 10 et 11. Soutu Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2961, 3075). Hb. Kew. There is little doubt that Bourgeau’s specimens belong to the species figured by Morren; but it is not so certain that they are identical with Chamisso and Schlechten- dal’s plant. 34. Tillandsia usneoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 411; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 598; Belg. Hort. 1877, p. 313, t.17; Bot. Mag. t. 6309. BROMELIACEA. 323 VIRGINIA to Frorma.—MExico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 95), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 1578), Puebla (Andrieux, 56), and various other collectors without special localities —Southward to Cait and Urvevay, and throughout the Wesr Inpixs. Hb. Kew. | 35. Tillandsia variabilis, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 418. Tillandsia azurea, Presl? Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 418. SourH Mexico, Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 36. Tillandsia variegata, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 429. Souta Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede). 37. Tillandsia vestita, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 52, nec Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25. - Tillandsia flavescens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 8). SoutH Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti, 4912), Orizaba (Bilimek, 425; Miiller, 1239), Chiquihite, valley of Mexico (Lourgeau, 2179), Yucatan and Tabasco (Johnson, 84). Hb. Kew. 38. Tillandsia vestita, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25, nec Ch. et Schl. South Mexico, Bolafios (Hartweg), Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 894), Jalapa (Coulter, 1579). Hb. Kew. 39. Tillandsia viminalis, Hemsl. — Vriesia viminalis, KE. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1878, p. 257, tt. 14 et 15. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu ( Wendland). 40. Tillandsia virginalis, E. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1880, p. 238. Tillandsia heterophylla, %. Morr. Belg. Hort. 1873, p. 138. SoutH Mexico, near Cordova (Malzine). 41. Tillandsia (§ Conostachys), sp. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2389). Hb. Kew. 42. Tillandsia (§ Vriesia), sp. (aff. 7. cwespitose). SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2274). Hb. Kew. 43. Tillandsia (§ Vriesia), sp. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 243). Hb. Kew. There are two distinct miniature species under this number. 44. Tillandsia (§ Vriesia), sp. (aff. 7. platyneme, Griseb.). South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3055), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 45. Tillandsia (§ Vriesia), sp. GuatEMALa, Barranca Honda at 3800 feet (Salvin, 6). Hb. Kew. 2¢2 324 BROMELIACER. 46. Tillandsia (§ Platystachys), sp. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 873). Hb. Kew. 47. Tillandsia, sp. (aff. 7. foliose, Griseb.). | Sovran Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1906), without locality (Hahn); Nica raaua, Chontales (Zate, 336). Hb. Kew. 48. Tillandsia (§ Platystachys), sp. (aff. 7. polystachye). Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3076). Hb. Kew. 49. Tillandsia (§ Platystachys), sp. (aff. 7. polystachye). SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1908). Hb. Kew. 50. Tillandsia, sp. Sovrn Mzxico, Puebla (Andrieux, 57). Hb. Kew. 51. Tillandsia, sp. (aff. 7. vestitw, Benth. non Ch. et Schl.). SoutH Mexico, Chalco (Andrieur, 58). Hb. Kew. 10. CATOPSIS. Catopsis, Griseb. in Nachr. Gesellsch. Wiss. Goett. 1842, pp. 10 et 21; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 670. Pogospermum, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 5, 1. p. 327. Tussacia, Klotzsch, ex Beer Bromel. p. 69, non aliorum. About eight species in Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. The names of the Mexican species are so involved that we can only say that there are three or four Mexican species, two of them corresponding probably to the Tillandsia apicroides and T. aloides, Ch. et Schl. There are specimens in Kew herbarium collected in the valley of Cordova, Mexico (Bourgeau, 1770), named by Professor Morren himself, we believe, Zussacia aloides, K. Morr. (Tillansdia aloides, Ch. et Schl.). Another plant (Mexico, Hahn), referable to Catopsis, is named Tillandsia vitellina Otto (Link, Kl]. et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 101, t. 40). A third species (Mexico, Hahn) is very distinct, and probably undescribed. Order CXLIT]. HAUMODORACEZ. Hemodoracee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 671. Twenty-six genera, comprising about 120 species, are referred to this Order. They inhabit Australia, chiefly the south-west, South Africa, North and South America, and Central and Eastern Asia. Several genera, besides the one below, are sparsely repre- sented in the countries bordering on Mexico and Panama, and may yet be found within our limits. Lachnanthes tinctoria, Ell., inhabits the Eastern States, from New J ersey to Florida, and reappears in Cuba. HAMODORACEA. 325 1. XIPHIDIUM. Xiphidium, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 38, t. 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 675. One or two species, widely dispersed in Tropical America. 1. Xiphidium floribundum, Swartz, Prodr. p.17, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 80, t. 2; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 589; Bot. Mag. t. 5055. Xiphidium albidum, Lam. Tl. i. p. 181. Xiphidium album, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 248. Xiphidium ceruleum, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 33, t. 11. Xiphidium giganteum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. xxxii. sub tab. 66, et xxxiil. sub tab. 1. SoutH Mexico, Mecapulco, Vera Cruz (Liebmann); Nicaraeva, Chontales (Seemann, 185; Tate, 258, 455); Panama, Paraiso station (S. Hayes, 252).—CoLoMBIA to GUIANA and BraziL, and in the West Inpizes. Hb. Kew. Order CXLIV. IRIDEA. TIridee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 681. An Order of fifty-seven genera, and upwards of 700 species, very widely spread in temperate and tropical regions, most numerous in the countries bordering the Mediter- ranean and in South Africa; not uncommon in America; several in Australia, and a few in Asia. 1. IRIS. Iris, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 59; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 686. This genus numbers nearly 100 described species, generally diffused in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. 1. Iris missouriensis, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Sc. Philad. vii. pt. 1, p. 58; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. p. 160. Missovri.—Norta Mexico, Lerios, east of Saltillo at 10,000 feet (Palmer, 1302). Hb. Kew. 2. MARICA. Marica, Ker in Bot. Mag. t. 654, non ejusd. ibid. t. 655, non Schreb. ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 689. Nine species are known, one of them inhabiting Western Tropical Africa and the rest Tropical America. 1. Marica acorifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2). Morea acorifolia, H. B. K.? ex Mart. et Gal. South Mexico, gneissic rocks, Penoles, Misteca Alta, Oaxaca 7000 to 7500 feet ( Galeotti, 5368). 326 IRIDEA. 2. Marica variegata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2). Sour Mzxico, Mirador at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5370). 3. Marica, sp. Cypella gracilis, Klatt in Linnea, xxxi. p. 541? South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. This is not the Marica gracilis, Herb. (Bot. Mag. t. 8713), a Brazilian plant, though it bears Klatt’s name; by whom given does not appear. 3. TRIMEZIA. Trimezia, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 308 (nomen tantum) ; Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 88; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 690. Besides the following, there are five species reported from Brazil. 1. Trimezia lurida, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 308. Trimezia meridensis, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 88. . Iris martinicensis, Jacq. Enum. Pl. Carib. et Am. p. 12, et Sel. Stirp. Am. p.7, t.7; Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 58; Bot. Mag. t. 416; Descour. Fl. Antill. t. 252. Cipura martinicensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 820; Refug. Bot. 810; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 589. Marica martinicensis, Ker in Konig & Sims, Ann. Bot. i. p. 245. Vieusseuxia martinicensis, DC. in Ann. Mus. Par. ii. p. 188. Lansbergia caracasana, De Vriese, Ind. Sem. Hort. Lugd. Bat. 1846, p. 2; Klatt in Mart. Fl. Bras. in. t. 57. fig. 2. Xanthocromyon herberti, Karst. in Bot. Zeit. 1847, p. 694. Ramaclea funebris, Morr. Belg. Hort. iii. p. 3, t. 1. Lansbergia martinicensis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 127. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 651).—Nearly all over TropicaL AMERICA and the West INDIES. 4, TIGRIDIA. Tigridia, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 57; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 185; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 690. About half-a-dozen species, inhabiting Mexico, Central America, Peru, and Chili. 1. Tigridia atrata, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 136. Beatonia atrata, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 72. SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (J. Rule). 2. Tigridia curvata, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 136. Beatonia curvata, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. p. 74. Sour Mexico, Comalapan, near Real del Monte ? (Hartweg). 3. Tigridia pavonia, Ker (Gawler) in Kénig & Sims’s Ann. Bot. i. p. 246; Red. Lil. t. 6 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1424; Baker in Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 136. IRIDEA, 327 Ferraria pavonia, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 407 ; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 178. Ferraria tigridia, Bot. Mag. t. 582. Tigridia grandiflora, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 309. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 524), San Felipe, near Oaxaca (Andrieux, 81), Pedregal (Bouwrgeau, 658); Guatemata (Bernoulli, 822). Hb. Kew. Var. conchiflora, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 136; Sweet, Brit. FI. Gard. t. 128; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xiv. p. 53, cum ic. color. ; FI. des Serres, tt. 908-910 ; Ann. Gand, 1847, t. 145. Tigridia oxypetala, Morison, Fl. Conspic. t. 20. Soura Mexico (Bullock). 4, Tigridia vanhouttei, Roezl in Fl. des Serres, t. 2174; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 160. Sout Mexico, Islapalapa (Hoezl), Guanajuato (Dugés). Hb. Kew. 5. Tigridia violacea, Schiede ex Schl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1838, p. 233; Link, KI. et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 50, t. 20. Beatonia purpurea, Herb. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 3779. Souta Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 819), Yucatan (Linden, 227). Hb. Kew. 5. RIGIDELLA. Rigidella, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 16, et Misc. p. 835; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 691. This genus is restricted to Mexico and Central America. 1. Rigidella flammea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 16; Paxt. Mag. Bot. vii. p. 247, cum icone. Souta Mzxico, Cumbre de Istipec (iebmann), Zimapan (Coulter, 1538), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 740), San Felipe (Andrieux, 78), near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2852), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 825). Hb. Kew. 2. Rigidella immaculata, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 68; Fl. des Serres, tt. 502 et 2215. GuatemaLa (Hartwegq). 3. Rigidella orthantha, Lemaire in FI. des Serres, 1845, p. 107, t. 45; Paxt. Mag. xiv. p. 121, cum ic. color. Mexico (Ghiesbreght). It is very likely that some of the specimens in Kew herbarium, referred to the first species of this genus, belong to the second or third; thus Ghiesbreght’s number 825 from Chiapas is, perhaps, BR. orthantha. 328 IRIDEA. 6. CIPURA. Cipura, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 88, t. 18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 694. About four species, inhabiting Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. 1. Cipura paludosa, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 38, t. 13; Klatt in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. t. 64; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 589. Marica paludosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 246; Bot. Mag. t. 646. Cipura humilis et C. graminea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 820. Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5372).—VENEZUELA ; GutaAna; Braziu; Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 7. SPHENOSTIGMA. Sphenostigma, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 124; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 694. | A Tropical-American genus of about half-a-dozen species. 1. Sphenostigma longispatha, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 695. Cardiostigma longispatha, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 102. Gelasine longispatha, Herb. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 53. Calydorea longispatha, Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 188. Botherbe longispatha, Klatt in Linnea, xxxi. p. 564. SourH Mexico, Anganguio (Hartweg, 403). Hb. Kew. [Hleutherine plicata, Herb., a member of this Order, widely dispersed in the West Indies and South America, may be expected to occur within our limits. | [Calydorea, as limited by Bentham and Hooker (Gen. Plant. iii. p. 695), is by mistake recorded by them as being represented in Mexico. | 8. NEMASTYLIS. Nemastylis, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. v. p. 157; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 696. Of this genus six species have been described; they are scattered from Carolina to Bolivia and Brazil. 1. Nemastylis multiflora, Benth. et Hook. ex S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. p. 160. Chlamydostylus multiflorus, Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 186, et Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 107. Morea foliosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 822? Nort Mexico, Morales, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner); Sovru Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1536, 1538), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 628).—Anpus. Hb. Kew. . Watson has incautiously attributed this species to Bentham and Hooker, who say :-— “C. multiflora, Baker, cui referenda Calydorea punctata, Baker, species includere. videtur 2 vel 3, inter se affines sed distinctas.” TRIDEZ. 329 2. Nemastylis nana, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 160. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry § Palmer, 887 ; Schaffner, 539 Hb. Kew. 8. Nemastylis punctata, Hemsley. Calydorea punctata, Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 188, et Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 102. Gelasine punctata, Herb. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 3779. South Mexico, between Tehuantepec and the Pacific Ocean, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 79). Hb. Kew. 4. Nemastylis tenuis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 696; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 160. Chlamydostylus tenuis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. “107. Nemastylis celestina, Klatt in Linnea, xxxi. p. 567, ex parte. Nortu Mexico, Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 2008), Monterey (Edwards); Sours Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), Santa Fé, near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 416). Hb. Kew. 5. Nemastylis triflora, Herb. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 95. Chlamydostylus triflorus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 107. Chlamydostylus cernuus, Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 186. GuatTemaLa, Comalapa (Hartwegq), without locality (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 9. ORTHROSANTHUS. Orthrosanthus, Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 697. Seven species are described ; five of them are Australian and one is restricted to South Brazil. 1. Orthrosanthus chimboracensis, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vi. p. 67; Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 112. Morea chimboracensis et M. acorifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 322. Sisyrinchium moritzianum, Klatt in Linnea, xxxi. p. 378. Sourn Mexico, Yavezia (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght); GuaTEMALA, summit of Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin).—Anprs. Hb. Kew. 10. SISYRINCHIUM. Sisyrinchium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1017; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 698. A genus of about fifty species, all of which. are indigenous in America, inhabiting temperate and tropical regions, both north and south. One species is naturalized in several distant parts of the Old World, and some botanists regard it as indigenous in Ireland. The species need a critical revision. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. Qu 330 TRIDEZ. 1. Sisyrinchium affine, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2). Soutn Mexico, Real del Monte, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5362). Hb. Kew. This number of Galeotti’s collection is referred to 8. iridifolium in Kew Her- barium. , 2. Sisyrinchium alatum, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 219; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 119. GUATEMALA, summit of Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Hort. Veitch).—Rather widely dispersed in Soura America. Hb. Kew. 8. Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Mill. Dict. ed. 6, 1771. Sisyrinchium bermudiana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 117, excl. var. 1, non Linn. var. 8. Sisyrinchium gramineum, Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 464; Red. Lil. t. 282. Sisyrinchium mucronatum, Mich. Fl. Am. Bor. ui. p. 33. Sisyrinchium anceps, Cav. Diss. vi. p. 345, t. 190. fig. 2; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1220. Norra Mexico, Chihuahua (Potts); Soura Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg, 222), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2093), Zimapan (Coulter, 1537).—Widely dispersed in Nortu AMERICA, and naturalized in Ireland, Mauritius, Australia, New Zealand, &c. 4, Sisyrinchium convolutum, Nocca, Pl. Select. i. t. 1; Red. Lil. t. 47; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 118. Echthronema convoluta, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. p. 85. Sour Mexico, Chinantla (Ziebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2852; Miller). —AnpDEsS. Hb. Kew. 5. Sisyrinchium hartwegii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 119 (absque descriptione). NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 880); Sourh Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2664). Hb. Kew. 6. Sisyrinchium micranthum, Cav. Diss. vi. p. 345, t. 191. fig. 2; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 2). South Mexico, Cerro Ventosa, near Real del Monte 7500 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5361). 7. Sisyrinchium scabrum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p- 57; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 117. | Sourn Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Galeotti, 5375; Linden, 226 bis)— Anpres. Hb. Kew. 8. Sisyrinchium schaffneri, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 160. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 527 ; Parry & Palmer, 881). Hb. Kew. IRIDEZA. 331 9. Sisyrinchium tenuifolium, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Hort. Berol. t. 92; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 118; Red. Lil. t. 275; Bot. Mag. tt. 2117 et 2313. . Echthronema tenuifolia, Herb. in Bot. Reg. Misc. p. 85. Souta Mexico, Santa Fé, near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 415), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. : | 10. Sisyrinchium tinctorium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 324; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvi. p. 118. Marica tinctoria, Ker, Gen. Irid. p. 23. Sisyrinchium tingens, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2. Sisyrinchium rigidum, Lehm. in Hamb. Gart. Zeit. vi. p. 415. Sout Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 818), Mirador (Liebmann).—AnpxEs. Hb. Kew. 11. Sisyrinchium, sp. Nort Mexico, Rinconado (Hdwards). Hb. Kew. 12. Sisyrinchium, sp. South Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1539). Hb. Kew. . “Published by Klatt (Linnea, xxxv. p. 383) as S. andinum, Phil., but that is a Solenomelus and quite different.”—J. G. Baker. 13. Sisyrinchium, sp. Mexico, without locality (Halsted). Hb. Kew. Order CXLV. AMARYLLIDEZ. Amaryllidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 711. Sixty-four genera, including about 650 species, widely dispersed in the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres. They are especially numerous in the Mediter- ranean region in South Africa and South America. 1. HYPOXIS. Hypozis, Linn: Gen. Plant. n. 417 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 717. A genus of about fifty species, inhabiting Tropical Asia, Australia, the Mascarene Islands, Tropical and South Africa, and Tropical and North America. 1. Hypoxis decumbens, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 396, et Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 439; Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. p. 51, t. 7. fig. 1; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 585; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvii. p. 107; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 3). Anthericum sessile, Miller, Fig. Pl. t. 39. fig. 2. Hypozis mexicana, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vil. p. 761. 2u2 332 AMARYLLIDEZ. Hypoxis gracilis, Roem. et Schult. 1. e. p. 764. Hypozxis pusilla, H. humilis, H. breviscapa, et H. elongata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. pp. 286, 287.- Arizona.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Schaffner, 545; Parry & Palmer, 871); Sovrn Mexico, Zacuapan, Vera Cruz (Linden, 37), Jalapa. Mirador, &c. (Galeotti, 5371, 5373), Zimapan (Coulter, 1546), Santa Fé, valley of Mexico, and region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 654, 2830)—CoLomBia to Peru and Buenos Ayres, and throughout the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. COOPERIA. Cooperia, Herb. in Bot. Reg. t. 1835 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 722. A genus of two species, inhabiting the Texano-Mexicau region. 1. Cooperia drummondii, Herb. in Bot. Reg. t. 1835; Kth. Enum. Pi. v. p. 478; Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 166. Cooperia chlorosolen, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 3482. Cooperia mexicana, Herb. Amaryll. p. 182. Texas.—Norta Mexico, Nuevo Leon (Wright, 1902), without locality (Gregg, 84). Hb. Kew. 3. CHLIDANTHUS. Chlidanthus, Herb. App. p. 46, et Amaryll. p. 190, t. 27; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 723. Two or three species inhabiting Tropical America, the exact parts being uncertain. 1. Chlidanthus ehrenbergii. Coleophyllum ehrenbergit, Klotzsch in Otto and Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. viii. p. 185. Mexico (Lhrenberg). 4, ZEPHYRANTHES. Zephyranthes, Herb. App. p. 36, et Amaryll. p. 170, tt. 24, 29 et 85; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 723. There are nearly twenty species in America, ranging from Texas to Buenos Ayres, and one in West Tropical Africa. 1. Zephyranthes carinata, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2594, et Amaryll. p. 173; S. Wats. in Proc. Am Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 161. Zephyranthes grandiflora, Herb. in Bot. Reg. t. 902 (quoad florem nec quoad folia et semina). SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte and Cerro Ventoso (Lagasca), Guanajuato (Duges). 2. Gephyranthes concolor, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 724, in nota sub. Sprekelia; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 161. Hippeastrum concolor, Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 82. Habranthus concolor, Lindl. in Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1838, p. 8; Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 54; Kth. Enum. v. p. 500; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25. AMARYLLIDEZ. 333 Sout Mextco, Leon (Hurtweg); Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Schaffner, 5406; Parry & Palmer, 869). Hb. Kew. v8. Zephyranthes longifolia, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 3, p. 55 (1880). Foliis pluribus synanthiis quam scapi sepissime longioribus angustissimis, scapis 1-2, floribus mediocribus fere rectis flavis vel extus cupreis quam pedunculi duplo longioribus, spatha apice primum indivisa, perianthii segmentis liberis, staminibus inclusis, stylo alte trifido. Herba bulbosa, bulbo tunicato subgloboso vel ovato, 1-14 poll. diametro, tunicis exterioribus supra collum longiuscule productis. Folia sepe 3-6, synantha, scapo sepissime longiora, angustis- sima (in siccis fere filiformia), usque 9-12 poll. longa, obtusa. Scapi 1-2, crassiusculi, 1-flori, 4-6 poll. longi. Flores flavi vel extus cuprei, minus quam 1 poll. longi, fere recti; pedunculus circiter semipollicaris ; spatha alba, membranacea, diaphana, apice primum indivisa, longe acuminata; perianthii segmenta libera, ovato-oblonga, acuminata; stamina inclusa; stylus alte trifidus, stamina zequans. Capsula spheroidea, triloba, 5-6 lineas diametro.—Z. aurea, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. (1883), p. 161. Texas; New Mexico; ARrizona.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 870). Hb. Kew. | 4. Zephyranthes nervosa, Herb. Amaryll. p.172; Kth. Enum. v. p. 483. Amaryllis nervosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 278. SoutH Mexico, Campeachy (Humboldt & Bonpland).— VENEZUELA. V5. Zephyranthes pallida, Reem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p.124; Kth. Enum. v. p. 487; Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 166. Zephyranthes lindleyana, Herb. Amaryll. p. 174, t. 35. fig. 5; Kth. Enum. v. p. 486. Zephyranthes grandiflora, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 902 (quoad folia et semina nec quoad florem). Zephyranthes lilacina, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Havn. 1844; Linnea, xviii. p. 509? Zephyranthes nervosa, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 4), nec Herb. Sourn Mexico, Mirador, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5415), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2273). Hb. Kew. 6. Zephyranthes sessilis, Herb. Amaryll. p. 175 (varietates); Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 166; Refug. Bot. t. 212. Zephyranthes verecunda, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2583; Refug. Bot. t. 356. - Zephyranthes striata, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2593. Zephyranthes grahamiana, Herb. Amaryll. p. 175, t. 29. fig. 2. Zephyranthes akermannia, Reem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 124. - Sourn Mexico, Leon and Lagos (Hartweg, 220), Tacubaya (Graham, 358); GuatE- MaLA. Hb. Kew. 5. SPREKELIA. Sprekelia, Heist. Beschr. von Brunsvigia,'p. 19; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 724. Monotypie. | 1. Sprekelia formosissima, Herb. App..p. 35, et Amaryll. p. 134, t. 44. fig. 41; 334 AMARYLLIDE. Sweet, Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 144; Kth. Enum. v. p. 507; Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 167. Amaryllis formosissima, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 293; Bot. Mag. t. 47. Sprekelia glauca, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. p. 65, et 1841, t. 16. Sprekelia karwinskii, Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 144; Kth. Enum. v. p. 508. Sprekelia ringens, Morr. in Ann. Soc. Hort. Gand, ii. p. 133, t. 60; Kth. Enum. v. p. 509. . Sourn Mexico, Toluca (Andrieux, 73), Cerro de Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 239), Leon (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 6. HIPPEASTRUM. Hippeastrum, Herb. App. p. 31, et Amaryll. p. 185; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 724. An exclusively American genus of upwards of fifty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Chili and Buenos Ayres. 1. Hippeastrum equestre, Herb. App. p. 31, et Amaryll. p. 138; Kth. Enum. v. p. 522; Baker in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 84; Bot. Mag. t. 305 (Amaryliis) ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 584 (Amaryllis). Soutra Mexico, Yucatan (Johnson, 85).—Jamaica to GutIaNa, Brazit, and CHIL. Hb. Kew. 7. CRINUM. Crinum, Linn, Gen. Plant. n. 405; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 726. Upwards of sixty species of this genus are recorded. They inhabit the tropical and subtropical regions of both America and the Old World, specially affecting sandy mari- time situations. A few extend into North America and some into South Africa; and the genus is also represented in Australia. 1. Crinum americanum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 292; Herb. Amaryll. p. 254; Kth. Enum. v. p. 959; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xvi. p. 898; Bot. Mag. t. 1034. Fioripa; Louisiana; Trxas.—Mexico, Vera Cruz (ex Kunth), San Blas (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 2. Crinum cruentum, Ker (Gawl.) in Bot. Reg. t.171; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 346; Herb. Amaryll. p. 250; Kth. Enum. v. p. 555; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xvi. p. 40. Crinum loddigesianum, Herb. Amaryll. p. 253. Sourn Mexico, San Bartolo and Tlacolola, Oaxaca (Andrieur, 74, 75). Hb. Kew. 8. Crinum erubescens, Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. i. p. 413; Herb. Amaryll. p- 251; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, xvi. p. 898; Bot. Mag. t. 1232. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 436).—Widely diffused in Tropica, America. Hb. Kew. 4. Crinum kunthianum, Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 80; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xvi. p. 398. Crinum erubescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 279, nec Soland. Nicaracua, Greytown (Tate, 349, 397).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. AMARYLLIDEZ. 335 8. HYMENOCALLIS. Hymenocaliis, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 338; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 734. About thirty species have been proposed, though probably not more than half of _ them are distinct. They inhabit Tropical and North America. 1. Hymenocallis adnata, Herb. Amaryll. p. 215; Kth. Enum. v. p. 677 (varie- tates 6 et e). Pancratium mexicanum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 940, nec Linn. Hymenocallis lttoralis, 5. acutifolia, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2621. Hymenocallis staplesiana, Reem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 175. - Hymenocallis acutifolia, Roem. I. c. p. 174. Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2879).—West Inpies and Eastern Souru America. Hb. Kew. 2. Hymenocallis bistubata, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. p. 43; Kth. Enum. v. p. 671. ~ Mexico or Guatemata? (Hartweg). 3. Hymenocallis choretis, Hemsley. Choretis glauca, Herb. Amaryll. p. 220, t. 35. fig. 1, et t. 41. fig. 32; Knowles & Westc. Fl. Cab. ii. p. 101, cum icone; Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 188. Hymenocallis glauca, Baker, ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 734, nec Reem. MEXICco. 4. Hymenocallis glauca, Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 173; Kth. Enum. v. p. 670. Pancratium glaucum, Zuce. in Abhandl. Baier. Akad. Wiss. ii. (1837), p. 317. Mexico (Karwinski). 5. Hymenocallis harrisiana, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1840, p. 35; Kth. Enum. v. p- 672. MExIco. 6. Hymenocallis insignis, Kth. Enum. v. p. 675. GuaTEMALA (Warscewicz). 7. Hymenocallis panamensis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. p. 67; Kth. Enum. v. p. 679. | Panama (Cade). 8. Hymenocallis repanda, Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xi. p. 123. Mexico (Ehrenberg). 9. Hymenocallis rotata, Herb. App. p. 44, et Amaryll. p. 217; Kth. Enum. v. p. 679. Pancratium rotatum, Ker (Gawl.) in Bot. Mag. t. 827; Refug. Bot. t. 357. Hymenocallis lacera, Salish. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 338. 336 AMARYLLIDEZ. Pancratium disciforme, Red. Lil. t. 155 (excl. syn.). Pancratium mexicanum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 290. “Hymenocallis paludosa, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 338. Hymenocallis dillenii, Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 174. VIRGINIA to FLORIDA and GEorGIA.—MExIco. 10. Hymenocallis skinneriana, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. p. 45. GUATEMALA (Skinner). 9. BOMAREA. “Bomarea, Mirb. in Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. ed. 1 (1803-4), ?ed. 2, iv. p. 118; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 736. An exclusively American genus of about fifty species, ranging from Mexico to Chili and Buenos Ayres. ‘The closely allied genus Alstremeria seems to be restricted to South America. 1. Bomarea acutifolia, Herb. Amaryll. p.112; Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 268; Kth. Enum. v. p. 794 (varietates); Bot. Mag. t. 3050. Alstremeria acutifolia, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Bot. Berol. p. 57, t. 29. Soutn Mexico, peak of Orizaba 7000 to 10,000 feet (Galeotti, 5898; Linden, 41), Jalapa (Schiede; Ehrenberg), Huatusco, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght) ; GuaTeMaLa, ridge above Calderas at 8300 feet (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Bomarea affinis, Kth. Enum. v. p. 796. Alstremeria affinis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 6). SourH Mzxico, Morelia and Serro de Quinzeo, 5500 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5395). Probably the same as B. acutifolia. 3. Bomarea caldasiana, Herb. Amaryll. p. 119; Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 276; Kth. Enum. v. p. 813. Alstremeria caldasiana, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 283. Guatema.a (Skinner).— ANDES. Hb. Kew. 4. Bomarea chontalensis, Seem. in Gard. Chron. 1871, p- 479; Bot. Mag. t. 5927. | | Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann; Tate, 426). Hb. Kew. 5. Bomarea hirtella, Herb. Amaryll. p. 112; Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p- 268 ; Kth. Enum. v. p. 796. Alstremeria hirtella, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 284; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 228. Alstremeria gloriosa, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 51. Bomarea gloriosa, Reem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 269. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1955); SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1102), between the city of Mexico and Tiangillo, on the Toluca road, at about 8800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland); Guaremata (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. AMARYLLIDEA. 337 Some of the above specimens may belong to PB. ovata, Mirb., for the limits of the species are not well defined. 6. Bomarea miniata, Kth. Enum. v. p. 792. Alstremeria miniata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 6). SourH Mexico, Totutla, near Mirador, at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5399). 7. Bomarea ovata, Herb. Amaryll. p. 113; Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll, p. 269; Kth. Enum. v. p. 798 (varietates). Alstremeria ovata, Cav. Ic. Pl. i. t. 76; Bot. Mag. t. 2848. 7 Guatemana, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin).—Anprs. Hb. Kew. 10. POLIANTHES. Polanthes, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 426 (errore Polyanthus, Hort. Cliff. et Auct. plur.) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 737. One species, believed to be endemic in Mexico. 1. Polianthes tuberosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.1, p. 316; Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. i. p. 41, t.2; Bot. Mag. t. 1817; Red. Lil. t. 147; Bot. Reg. t.63; Kth. Enum. v. p. 846. Polianthes gracilis, Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Alt. i. p. 8330; Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. Hort. Bot. Berol. p. 55, t. 24. . Polianthes mexicana, Zuce. in Abhandl. Baier. Akad. Wiss. ii. (1837), p. 319. Mexico. Generally cultivated in America, Asia, and Europe. Only cultivated specimens in Kew herbarium. - Mandon collected it wild in the Andes of Bolivia, near Sorata, “in pratis subfrigidis,” at an elevation of about 8000 feet. [Polianthes maculata, Mart. in Amcen. Bot. Monac. p. 19, t. 18; Kth. Enum. v. p. 848, is a doubtful plant. Kunth says, “ Species valde dubia, probabiliter Agave quedam.” | 11. BRAVOA. Bravoa, Ulav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p. 6; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 6. This genus is restricted to Mexico. L Bravoa geminiflora, Llav. et Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. i. p.6; Kth. Enum. v. p. 849; Herb. Amaryll. p. 124, t. 12; Reem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 245. Bravoa cetocapnia, Roem. /. c. Cetocapnia geminiflora, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 35, t. 18 (errore in tabula Zeto- capnia). South Mexico, Morelia at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5507 ; Hartweg), ravines, valley of _ Mexico (Bourgeau, 414), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IILI., February 1884. 22 338 AMARYLLIDEA. 2. Bravoa sessiliflora, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 3, p.54. (Tab. LXXXVI.) Gracilis, caule fere nudo quam folia duplo triplove longiore, foliis lmearibus obtusiusculis, bracteis parvis, floribus sessilibus seepissime geminis usque bipollicaribus, perianthii tubo angustissimo. Herba bulbosa (bulbus non visus) sesquipedalis, usque ad bipedalis, omnino glaberrima, caule gracili tereti solido, 6-8-floro. Folia anguste lineari-lanceolata, obtusiuscula, inferiora, con- ferta, adscendentia, vix carnosa, circiter 6-pollicaria, caulina pauca, distantia, sursum gradatim angustiora et breviora, suprema vix pollicaria. Flores (albi?) sessiles, sepissime gemini, usque bipollicares ; bracteze parve, ovato-acuminate, 4-5 lineas long; perianthii tubus angustis- simus, plus minus curvus, lobis brevibus ovatis apice leviter inflexis ; stamina inclusa; stylus trifidus, inclusus. Capsula (matura non visa) pisiformis, globosa. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 867). Hb. Kew. This species differs from B. graminiflora in having longer, narrower, sessile, apparently white flowers. EXPLANATION OF TAB. LXXXVI. A plant, natural size. Fig. 1, a flower, slightly enlarged; 2, the same, more enlarged and laid open; 3, an anther, and 4, a cross section of an ovary, enlarged. 12. BESCHORNERIA. Beschorneria, Kth. Enum. Plant. v. p. 844; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 738. This genus also is endemic in Mexico. 1. Beschorneria tonelii, Jacobi in Otto’s Hamb. Gart. Zeit. xx. p- 503, absque descriptione ; Bot. Mag. t. 6091. Mexico. Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. Hort. Kew. _ 2. Beschorneria tubiflora, Kth. Enum. v. p. 844; Bot. Mag. t. 4642; Regel, Gartenflora, xxiv. p. 355, t. 851. Furcrea (Fourcroya) tubiflora, Kth. et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1845; Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 295. Mexico (Ehrenberg). Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. 3. Beschorneria yuccoides, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5203. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 13. AGAVE. Agave, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 431; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 733. Upwards of 130 species were retained by Jacobi; but many of them were established on young cultivated plants, the flowers of which were unknown; and Baker reduces the number to 109. Generally speaking, we have followed the latter author, the exceptions being reductions made from descriptions alone, together with a few assumed varieties that have since proved distinct species. They are all endemic in America, and most numerous in Mexico, though ranging from the Southern States of N. America southward to Brazil. One species, A. americana, is naturalized in many parts of the Old World. AMARYLLIDEA, 339 1. Agave (Littza) albicans, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav.* p. 137; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 717. fig. 138. Agave ousselghemiana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 156, ex Baker. Agave concinna, Hort. Angl. ex Baker. | Agave micrantha, 8. albidior, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 87. Mexico. Introduced into European gardens. Hort. Kew. 2, Agave (Huagave) americana, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 323; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 433; Bot. Mag. t. 3654; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 582; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 63; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vill. p. 201. Agave milleri, Haw. Synop. Pl. Suce. p. 71. Agave picta, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 88; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 67. Agave ornata, Jacobi, J. c. p. 69. Agave fuerstenbergit et Agave expansa, Jacobi, ex Baker, /. c. Texas ; New Mexico.—NortuH Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1313); Sours Mexico, Pedregal, valley of Mexico (Bowrgeau, 1399).—Wausr Ivpius. Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. ° 8. Agave (Littz#a) angustissima, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. (reprint, p. 18, in nota); Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 303. Soutn Mexico, Ocotillo, in the direction of Tepic (Gregq). 4. Agave applanata, Lemaire ex Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 48 et 219; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 717, fig. 115; Todar. Hort. Panor. ii. t. 30. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 5. Agave asperrima, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 61; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Se. xviii. p. 162. Norta Mexico, San Lorenzo de Coahuila (Palmer, 1309). Baker refers this to A. salmiana; but Watson (loc. cit.) states that 1t proves to be a very distinct species. 6. Agave atrovirens, Karw. ex Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 302, et in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 87; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 55. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 7. Agave (Littza) attenuata, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 303; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 176 et 261; Rev. Hort. 1876, p. 149, figg. 31 et 32; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 748. | Agave glaucescens, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5833; J acobi, 1. c. p- 139. Mexico. Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. * “Versuch zu einer systematischen Ordnung der Agaveen.” A reprint from Otto’s ‘Hamburger Garten und Blumen Zeitung,’ 1864-67. 24 2 340 AMARYLLIDEA. 8. Agave bernhardi, Jacobi, Nachtr. i. p. 38; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vill. p. 717. Mexico? 9, Agave (Littza) botterii, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6248, et in Gard. Chron. n. 8. viii. p. 264, fig.54; Bull: Soc. Tosc. 1878, p. 240. Mexico (Botter2). 10. Agave (Littza) bouchei, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 120; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 717. Mexico? Hort. Kew. 11. Agave (Manfreda) brachystachys, Cav. Descr. p. 453; Kth. Enum. v. p- 829; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 184. Agave spicata, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 1813, p. 74; Red. Lil. t. 485, nec Cav. Agave polyanthoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 55, ex Baker; Hort. Monac. ex Jacobi, nec Ch. et Schl. Agave saponaria, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 76, et 18389, t. 55. Agave humilis, Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 285. Sourn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1555), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 12. Agave bracteosa, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 162. NortH Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer). 13. Agave brauniana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. p. 240; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vill. p. 717. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi. Hort. Kew. 14. Agave bromelizefolia, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 303; Kth. Enum. v. p. 834; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 164; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 780. Agave teoxamulina, Karw. Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 292. South Mexico, Teascomulco (Karwinski). Hort. Kew. 15. Agave bulbifera, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 303; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 163; Kth. Enum. v. p. 834. Sout Mexico, Santiago (Karwinski). 16. Agave canartiana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 147. Mexico? 17. Agave celsii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4934; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 165 (celsiana) ; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620 (celsiana). Mexico. Hort. Kew. 18. Agave chiapensis, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agayv. p. 235; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 490, sub A. polyacantha. Sourn Mexico, Chiapas ((hiesbreght). AMARYLLIDEZA. 341 19. Agave (Littza) chloracantha, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 93; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 167; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 717. Mexico? 20. Agave cinerascens, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 51. Mexico? . 21. Agave coarctata, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 147. _ MEXIco. 22. Agave coccinea, Roezl in Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 76; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 201. Mexico (foez/), Hort. Kew. 23. Agave cochlearis, Jacobi, Nachtr. ii. p. 67; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718. Mexico 2 24, Agave concinna, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, viii. p. 137. Mexico ? 25. Agave conduplicata, Jacobi et Bouché in Jacobi’s Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 192. | Mexico (Ehrenberg). 26. Agave (Littza) dasylirioides, Jacobi et Bouché in Jacobi’s Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 150; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 557, fig. 111; Bot. Mag. t. 5716. Agave dealbata, Lemaire ex Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. 152. Mexico. Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 27, Agave decaisneana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 153; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 264. MEXIco. 28. Agave deflexispina, Jacobi, Nachtr. ii. p. 72; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718, sub A. salmiana. Mexico? 29. Agave demeesteriana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 218; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 620. Mexico? 30. Agave (Litteza) densiflora, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5006; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 123 et 247; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 490. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 7 31. Agave (Littza) ehrenbergiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 136; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, viii. p. 620. Mexico (Ehrenberg). 3492 AMARYLLIDEA. 32. Agave (Littewa) elemeetiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 178; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 748, fig. 145; Refug. Bot. t. 163. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 83. Agave ensifera, Jacobi, Nachtr. p. 14; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 368, sub A. wnivittata. MEXxiIco. 34. Agave excelsa, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 238; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 397. Honpuras. Hort. Kew. 35. Agave falcata, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii, (reprint, p. 16) ; Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 162; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 556, sub A. cali- ‘fornica, Jacobi. Nort Mexico, Saltillo and Buena Vista (Wislizenus & Gregg), Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1814). Baker unites this without hesitation with A. californica, Jacobi (in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 162), a species founded upon a plant in Kew Gardens, recorded from California; but even if it be the same, there would seem to be an error respecting the origin of the Kew plant that would justify the selection of Engelmann’s name. 86. Agave fenzliana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 221; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 720, sub A. hookeri. Agave hookeri, J. G. Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6589, nec Jacobi, fide N. E. Browne in Gard. Chron. n.8. xix. p. 507. Mexico. 87. Agave ferox, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 23; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 75; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 40. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 38. Agave filifera, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 309; Bonplandia, 1859, p. 94; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 35; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 303; IL. Hort. 1860, t. 243. Mexico. Hort. Kew. Var. filamentosa, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 303; Refug. Bot. t. 164 (species); Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 94; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 36 et 199. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 89. Agave flaccida, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 226; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 137, fig. 26. MExico ? AMARYLLIDEA. 343 40. Agave galeotti, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 40. MEXIco. 41. Agave (Littza) geminifiora, Ker (Gawl,) in Brande’s Journ. iii. t. 1; Bot. Reg. t. 1145; Spin in Suppl. Cat. Hort. Sebast. (1823), p. 8, cum icone; Jacobi, Vers, syst. Ord. Agav. p. 160; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620. Littea geminiflora, Tagliabue in Bibl. Ital. i. p. 100. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 42. Agave ghiesbreghtii, Lemaire ex Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 42; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 621, fig. 100. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 43. Agave (Littz#a) geppertiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. 1. Agav. pp. 243 et 807; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 682. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 44, Agave gracilis, Jacobi, Nachtr. ii. p. 66; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718, sub A. salmiana. MEXIco. 45. Agave (Manfreda) guttata, Jacobi et Bouché in Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 190; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 808; Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 161. (Tab. LX XXVII.) Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 869; Schaffner, 505), without locality (Ehrenberg). Hb. Kew. 46. Agave (Littzwa) haseloffi, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 244; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 683. | Mexico? Hort. Kew. 47. Agave heteracantha, Zucc. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p. 675 ; Kth. Enum. v. p. 836; Roem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p. 291; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 41; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 18, nec Baker, in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 369. Agave poselgerii, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 92; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vil. p. 527. Agave lechuguilla, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 218 (errore lecheguilla, fide Engelmann). Texas.—NortH Mexico. Hort. Kew. The plant cultivated in this country is apparently not the true A. heteracantha, for Engelmann saw the original in flower at Munich, and identified it with A. lechuguilla of Torrey. 48. Agave hookeri, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 219, nec Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 718, nec Bot. Mag. t. 6589, vide N. E. Browne, in Gard. Chron. n. s. xix. p. 507. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 344 AMARYLLIDER. 49, Agave (Litte#a) horizontalis, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, n. 80, p. 148 bis; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 682. Mexico ? 50. Agave horrida, Lemaire ex Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 48 et 207, et in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 140 ; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vil. p. 621. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 51. Agave houlletii, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 256; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 557. Mexico? Hort. Kew. 52. Agave humboldtiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 251; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 682. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi. Hort. Kew. 53. Agave inzequidens, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 28; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 53; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718, sub A. hookert. Mexico ? 54. Agave jacobiana, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 88; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 57; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. vii. p. 718. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 55. Agavea kerchovei, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 1864, p. 64; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 213; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 527. Agave beaucarnei, Lemaire, l. c. p. 65. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 56. Agave kewensis, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 242; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 682. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 57. Agave kochii, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p- 211; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 527, sub A. xylacantha. Agave amurensis, Jacobi, 1. c. p. 46. MEXIco. 58. Agave laurentiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 254; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 620. MExIco. 59. Agave legrelliana, Jacobi, Vers, syst. Ord. Agav. p. 253; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 253, sub A. ehrenbergii. MEXICO. AMARYLLIDEA. 345 60. Agave lehmanni, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 146; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718, sub A. salmiana. _ Mexico? 61. Agave lindleyi, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 152 bis ; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620. MExico ? 62. Agave lophanta, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p. 582 (nomen tantum); K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 46; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 39; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vil. p. 368. Souta Mexico, Malpays de Naulingo (Schiede). Hort. Kew. Var. czerulescens, Jacobi, Cat. ii. p. 3; Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 92 (species) ; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 38. MExIco. 63. Agave (Huagave) lurida, Ait.; Bot. Mag. t. 1522; Kth. Enum. v. p. 825; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 109; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, viii. p. 264. Agave vera-cruz, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. vi. no. 7. Agave vere-crucis, Jacobi, l.c. p. 111. ‘Mexico. Hort. Kew. Var. jacquiniana, Gawl.; Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 727 (species); Bot. Mag. t. 5097 ; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 96. Agave lurida, Jacq. Coll. Bot. iv. p. 94, t. 1. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 64. Agave macroacantha, Zucc. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p. 676; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 92; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vili. p. 137. Agave besseriana, Hort. Belg. ; Jacobi, 1. c. p. 92 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5940. Agave flavescens, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 8, et in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 90; Jacobi, l.c. p. 91. Agave subfalcata et. Agave linearis, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, pp. 75 et 76. Mexico, Cerro Colorado, near Tehuacan &c., at 5000 to 6000 feet (Besserer; Kar- winski). Hort. Kew. 65. Agave (Manfreda) maculata, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1856, p. 16, et Gartenflora, 1857, p. 158, et 1858, p. 8314; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 13; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 807. Agave macuiosa, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5122. Texas.—NortH Mexico, Monterey (Eaton & Edwards). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 66. Agave maigretiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 215. Mexico ? BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. 2y 346 AMARYLLIDEZ. 67. Agave martiana, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 38; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 116; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 683. Mexico. 68. Agave maximiliana, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 201. Mexico? Hort. Kew. 69. Agave (Huagave) megalacantha, Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. Mex. pars 3, p. 55. (Tab. LXX XVIII. A.) Affinis A. scolymo, sed differt foliis brevioribus latioribus, spinis maximis basi valde dilatatis, flo- ribus minoribus, perianthii segmentis Jongioribus angustioribus. Sovto Mexico, Pedregal, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1020 bis). Hb. Kew. 70. Agave melanacantha, Lemaire; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 117; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620. Mexico ? 71. Agave (Euagave) mexicana, Lam. Encycl. i. p. 52, excl. var. 8; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 99 et 304; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 201. Agave magui, Desf. Tabl. de l’Ecole, ed. 2, p. 83. Agave keratto, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 304, et in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 88. Agave polyphylla, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 38. Agave cyanophylla, Jacobi, 1. c. p. 288. Agave beauleriana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 150. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 72. Agave (Littwa) micracantha, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 93; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 185; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 717; Refug. Bot. t. 327. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 73. Agave miradorensis, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 156; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 264. Agave desmettiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agayv. p. 241. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 74. Agave (Littz#a) mitis, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p- 93; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 1384; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. viii. p. 717. Agane oblongata, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 155. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 75. Agave mitreeformis, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1859, p. 145. Mexicot Hort. Kew. _ +76. Agave muilmanni, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, p. 76; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 683. Mexico ? AMARYLLIDE. 347 77. Agave nissoni, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 528. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 78. Agave ottonis, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 263. MEXICO. 79. Agave parryi, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 23 ; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. 8. vill. p. 40. Arizona.—NortH Mexico, within our limits near Silver City. 80. Agave (Littza) parviflora, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 214; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ili., reprint, p. 18; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 303. Arizona.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora. 81. Agave paucifolia, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. x. p. 266. Mexico ? g2. Agave peacockii, Croucher in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 1400, t. 283, et n. s. vil. p. 621. Sours Mexico, Tehuacan (£oez/). 83. Agave polyacantha, Haworth, Rev. Pl. Succ. p. 35; Koch, Wochen- schrift, 1860, p. 38; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 73; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 490. Agave xalapensis, Roezl in Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 72. Agave uncinata, Jacobi, |.c. p. 104. Agave chiapensis, Jacobi, l.c. p. 235, et in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, p. 80. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 84. Agave potatorum, Zucc. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p. 674; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 78; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 40. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 85. Agave pruinosa, Lemaire in Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 168; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 748. Agave debaryana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 164. Agave kellocki, Jacobi, |. c. p. 165. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 86. Agave pubescens, Regel et Ortgies, Gartenflora, 1874, p. 227, t. 804; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, viii. p. 807. Mexico (Roez!). 87. Agave pugioniformis, Zucc. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p. 676; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 836; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 142; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. 8. viii. p. 780. MExIco. . 2y2 348 AMARYLLIDEZ. 88. Agave regia, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620. Mexico? Hort. Kew. 89. Agave (Manfreda) revoluta, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1840, p. 274; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 830; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 189; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 808; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 215; Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 162. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 90. Agave rigida, Miller, Dict. ed. 8; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 94; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 28; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 397 (varietates). Fourcroya rigida, Haworth, Synop. Pl. Succ. p. 74. Agave angustifolia, Haworth, Rev. Pl. Succ. p. 35. Agave elongata et A. fourcroyoides, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 107 et 108. Agave ixtli, Karw. in Hort. Dyck. p. 304. Agave karwinskii, Zuce. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p. 677. Agave ixtlioides, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5893. Agave sisalana, Perrine ? ex Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 28. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 91. Agave rigidissima, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1869, p. 179; Jacobi in Verhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, p. 66. Mexico? 92. Agave roezliana, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 528, fig. 79. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 93. Agave rubescens, Salm-D. Hort. Dyck. p. 306; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 835; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 143; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 780. MExico. 94. Agave rudis, Lemaire ; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 118; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 620. Mexico? 95. Agave rubrocincta, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 153. MEXxIco. 96. Agave (Littza) rupicola, Regel, Gartenflora, vii. p. 312; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 134 et 311; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 717. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 97. Agave salmdyckii, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 490. Agave keratto, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 93 ; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 127 et 249, non Mill. Mexico. Hort. Kew. AMARYLLIDE. 349 98. Agave salmiana, Otto in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1842, p. 51 (nomen tantum); Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 88; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 58 et 221; Rev. Hort. 1872, pp. 373-375, figg. 40 et 41; Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 718, et vill. p. 176, fig. 33. _ Mexico. Hort. Kew. 99. Agave sartorii, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 37; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 128; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 683; Bot. Mag. t. 6292. Agave noackii, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 125. Agave aloina, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 37. Agave pendula, Schnittspahn in Zeitschr. Gart. Verein Darmstadt, 1857; J acobi, l. c. p. 180. Agave caspitosa, Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. t. 8. Mexico; GuaTeMALa. Hort. Kew. 100. Agave saundersii, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5493; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agay. p. 223. | Mexico. Hort. Kew. 101. Agave (Littea) schidigera, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. viii. verso t. 289, et ix. t. 330; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 36 et 200; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. _p. 803; Bot. Mag. t. 5641. Agave filifera, var. pannosa et var. adornata, Schiedw. in Comptes Rendus Soc. Roy. Agric. et Bot. 1861, et Koch, Wochenschrift, 1861, p. 287. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 102. Agave schlechtendalii, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 54. MEXIco. 103. Agave (Littza) schottii, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 17; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 303. Agave geminiflora?, var. sonore, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 214. _ Norru Mexico, Sonora (Schott). 104. Agave (Huagave) scolymus, Karw. in Hort. Dyck. p. 307; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 83 et 231; Refug. Bot. t. 328; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 40. | Agave schnittspahnii, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 83. Agave amena, Lemaire ex Jacobi, l.c. p. 84. Agave cucullata, Lemaire, |. c. p. 82. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 105. Agave seemanniana, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 154 (reprint, p. 29); Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vill. p. 40. , GuaTeMALa (Seemann). Hort. Kew. 350 AMARYLLIDES. p. 51 (nomen tantum); Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 91; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 142; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 780. MExIco. 107. Agave (Manfreda) sessiliflora, Hemsley, Diag. Pl. Nov. pars 3, p. 55. (Tab. LXXXVIII. B.) Acaulis, foliis erectis usque fere bipedalibus obtusis evittatis crebre striatis margine obsolete denti- culatis nec undulatis, scapo 2-3-pedali (forsan interdum ultra) apice 8-12-floro, perianthii lobis apice cucullatis et intus barbatis, quam tubus paullo brevioribus, staminibus longissime exsertis. Herba acaulis, glaberrima. Folia erecta, nec rosulata, subcoriacea, 9 poll. usque fere 2 ped. longa, 6-10 lineas lata, obtusa, evittata, margine obsolete denticulata, nec undulata, longitudinaliter crebre striata. Scapus 2-3-pedalis (forsan interdum ultra) teres, circiter 8—12-florus. Flores conferti, sessiles, bracteati; bractee parve; perianthii lobi apice cucullati et intus barbati, tubo paullo breviores; stamina longissime exserta. . SoutH Mzxico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3003), barranca of Pedregal on rocks by the river (Bourgeau, 412). Hb. Kew. 108. Agave smithiana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 250; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 682. Agave lamprochlora et A. perlucida, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, pp. 150 et 151? Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi. Hort. Kew. 109. Agave splendens, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, p- 63; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 369. MExico 2 | 110. Agave stenophylla, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 257. Mexico % 111. Agave (Littza) striata, Zucc. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xvi. 2, p 678; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 832; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agay. p. 154; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 556; Bot. Mag. t. 4590. Mexico, Real del Monte. Hort. Kew. 112. Agave tehuacanensis, Karw. ex Otto in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1842, p. 51 (nomen tantum) ; Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 89; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 60. Mexico. Hort. Kew. a 113. Agave theometel, Zuccagni in Reem. Collect. ex Rem. Synop. Monogr., Amaryll. p.288 ; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 70; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s, viii. p- 200. MEXICO. AMARYLLIDEA. 351 114. Agave thomsoniana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 249; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 717. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi. Hort. Kew. 115. Agave (Manfreda) undulata, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1840, p. 274; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 830; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 189, et in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1870-71, p. 89; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 808. MEXxIco. 116. Agave (Litt#a) univittata, Haworth in Phil. Mag. x. p. 414; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 835; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 41 et 205; Refug. Bot. t. 215; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, vii. p. 368, fig. 58. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 117. Agave vanderwinneni, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 144 (reprint, p. 19); Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, vii. p. 620. Mexico ? 118. Agave (Manfreda) variegata, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 180; - Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 15; Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 161; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 808; Refug. Bot. t. 326. Norra Mexico, near Matamoros (Gregg), San Miguelito Mountains (Schaffner). 119. Agave (Euagave) verschaffeltii, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. t. 564; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 86 et 234; Refug. Bot. t. 306. Mexico. Hort. K 120. Agave victorisx-reginz, T. Moore in Gard. Chron. n. s. (Oct. 1875) iv. p. 485, cum ic. xylogr. ; Flore des Serres, xxi. p. 169, cum ic. xylogr.; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. p. 528; Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 163. Agave consideranti, Carriére in Rev. Hort., Nov. 1875, p. 429, fig. 68. Nort Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 121. Agave viridissima, Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 137. - Mexico? 122. Agave (Huagave) vivipara, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 461; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s, viii. p. 780; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 2024, non Salm-D. Agave cantula, Galeotti ex Jacobi, in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 160. Mexico. This species is now widely spread in many parts of the Old World. 123. Agave warelliana, Baker in Gard. Chron. n: s.. viii. p. 264. Mexico ? 352, AMARYLLIDEZA. 124. Agave (Euagave) wislizeni, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii., reprint, p. 32; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 40. Agave scabra, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 89; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 88. Nort Mexico, on the Nazas River, near San Sebastiano, South-east Chihuahua (Wislizenus). Hort. Kew. 125. Agave (Littza) xylonacantha, Salm-D. in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 92; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. pp. 45 et 209, et in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p. 141 (aylacantha) ; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. vii. P. 527, fig. 81; Bot. Mag. t. 5660. SootH Mexico, Real del Monte. Hort. Kew. 126. Agave (Littza) yuccefolia, DC. in Red. Lil. tt. 328 et 329; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 830; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 146; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. viii. p. 781; Bot. Mag. t. 5213. Agave cohniana, Jacobi, |. c. p. 264. Souto Mzxico, Real del Monte. Hort. Kew. 14. FURCRCEA. Furcrea, Vent. in Bull. Soc. Philom. Par. i. p. 65; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 739. Fourcroya, Schult. Syst. vii. p. 730. This genus is restricted to the warmer parts of America. About fifteen species have been enumerated; but several of them are imperfectly known, and probably some should rank as varieties. 1. Furcrea bedinghausii, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1868, p. 233; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 290; Morr. Belg. Hort. xiii. p. 327, cum icone; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xi. p. 656. Mexico (foez/). 2. Furcrea desmouliniana, Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 297; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xi. p. 656. Mexico (Galeotti). 3. Furcrea elegans, Todaro, Hort. Panorm. p. 13, t. 4; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. 8. Xi. p. 624. _ Mexico? 4. Furcrea flavo-viridis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5163; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord, Agav. p. 280; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xi. p. 624. Soutn Mexico, Real del Monte (Repper). Hort. Kew. 6. Furcrea gigantea, Vent. in Uster. Ann. der Bot. xix. p. 54; DC. Plantes Grasses, t. 126; Bot. Mag. t.2250; Gartenflora, t.3; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 841; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 268; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xi. p. 623. AMARYLLIDEZ. 353 Agave fetida, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 461; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 379. Furcrea fetida, Haworth, Synop. Pl. Succ. p. 738. Funium pitiferum, Willemet, Herb. Maurit. p. 26. Furcrea viridis, Jacobi et Goepp. in Jacobi’s Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 2738. _ Mexico?’—Now widely spread in Tropical America, as well as in some parts of the Old World, where it is cultivated for the fibre afforded by its leaves. Willemet’s specific name pitiferum has been altered by some authors into filiferum; but it is clear that he intended the former, as the fibre was called pitt or pitte in Mauritius. Hort. Kew. 6. Furcrea longeva, Karw. et Zucc. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xvi. p. 666, t. 48; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 839; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 265; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. 8. xi. p. 656; Bot. Mag. t. 5919. South Mexico, Tanga, Oaxaca, at an elevation of 10,000 feet (Karwinski) ; Guatz- MALA, high mountains (Skinner). Hort. Kew. 7. Furcrea selloa, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1860, p. 22; Jacobi, Vers. syst. Ord. Agav. p. 289; Baker in Gard. Chron. n.s. xi. p. 624; Bot. Mag. t. 6148. GUATEMALA, Quezaltenango (Warscewicz). Hort. Kew. 8. Furcrea undulata, Jacobi in Abhandl. Schles. Gesell. 1869, p.170; Baker in Gard. Chron. n. s. xi. p. 696; Bot. Mag. 6160. Souta Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreghé). Hort. Kew. Some of the other species of /urcrea described from cultivated plants of uncertain origin may be Mexican. (The TaccacE# are a small Order of two genera and about ten species, whereof three are endemic in the northern part of South America, and the rest are natives of the Old World, two or three of them having a wide range of distribution. | Order CXLVI. DIOSCOREACE. Dioscoreacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 741. Hight genera, comprising upwards of 160 species, are referred to this Order. One genus (Lajania), of which about six species are known, is peculiar to the West Indies ; and all the other genera, excepting the widely spread Dioscorea, are monotypic or ditypic, and restricted to the Old World. 1. DIOSCOREA. Dioscorea, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1122; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 742. Of this genus about 150 species have been described; but many of them are imper- fectly known. They are generally dispersed in tropical countries, and a few extend to temperate regions—more to the southern than to the northern. There is one outlier of the genus in the Pyrenees. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. 22 354 DIOSCOREACE. The genus is in great want of revision. Some two or three years ago we compared and described all the species in Kew herbarium from within our limits, in the expec- tation of seeing the types of several species only known to us from the descriptions before publishing this part ; but we have not been able to see them, and are obliged to publish our enumeration inits imperfect form. Itis probable that some of our assumed new species are not new, although we have been unable to determine them from the published descriptions. The four plates, together with our descriptions, may be useful to any one undertaking a monograph of the whole genus. Following the enumeration of the species is a rough key to the species which have come under our observation. 1. Dioscorea brachycarpa, Schl. in Linnea, xvii. p. 109. Helmia brachycarpa, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 416. South Mexico, near Regla (Ehrenberg). 2. Dioscorea capillaris, Hemsley, n. sp. | Gracillima, foliis ovato-cordatis oblongo-cordatisve acuminatis 7-nerviis subtus puberulis, floribus masculinis parvis laxe racemoso-paniculatis, pedicellis brevissimis, staminibus 3 filamentis deorsum dilatatis, floribus femineis fructibusque ignotis. Herba perennis, tuberosa, volubilis, caulibus filiformibus. Folia alterna, petiolata, membranacea, 7-nervia, nervis extimis 1—2-furcatis, ovato-cordata vel oblongo-cordata, longe acuminata, acuta, 24-5 poll. longa, preecipue subtus albido-puberula vel fere glabra. Flores masculini glabri, virides (ex Galeottio) luridi (ex Lindenio) 14-2 lineas diametro, laxe racemoso-paniculati (racemis interdum simplicibus), panicularum ramuli elongati, fere filiformes, sparse puberuli ; pedicelli floribus breviores; bractee pedicellis subzquales; perianthii segmenta oblonga, obtusa, patentia ; stamina 8 divaricata, filamentis deorsum dilatatis.-—Dioscorea macrostachya, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 20), nec Benth. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 6500 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5456), Mirador (Linden, 234), Orizaba (Botteri, 567, 571). Hb. Kew. Var. glabra, novellis omnino glaberrimis. Nicaraeua, Chontales (Tate, 117). Hb. Kew. A poor specimen, differing from the Mexican plant in being quite glabrous. 3. Dioscorea cayennensis, Lam. Encycl. iii. p. 323; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 380; Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, p. 11. Panama (Duchassaing).— West Inpigs ; Guiana; Braziu. 4. Dioscorea composita, Hemsley, n. sp. Glabra robusta, foliis amplis orbiculari-cordatis 9-11-nerviis, floribus femineis spicato-paniculatis, paniculis pedalibus, capsula oblonga. Herba vel frutex per petiolos scandens, glaber, caulibus crassiusculis leviter angulatis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, subcoriacea, 9-11-nervia, orbiculari-cordata, sinu lato lamina usque ad 7 poll. longa et 6 poll. lata, acuminata; petiolus crassiusculus, 2-2} poll. longus, basi apiceque incras- satus. Flores feminei spicato-paniculati; paniculze pedales, presertim a basi ramose ; perian- thium persistens (post anthesin) crassum, subcarnosum ; segmenta late ovata; staminodia minuta; styli supra medium connati; stigmata bifida. Capsula oblonga, 1-1} poll. longa, DIOSCOREACE. 355 pergamentacea ; semina oblonga, undique alata, alterum supra alterum infra medium loculi affixum. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1184). Hb. Kew. The compound female inflorescence of this species distinguishes it from all others we have seen from Mexico and Central America; and we have not been able to match it with male specimens. There is a small scrap in Kew herbarium (Orizaba, Bour- geau, 3043) which may possibly be the same. 5. Dioscorea convolvulacea, Ch. et Schl. (Descript. amplif.) (Tab. LXX XIX.) Foliis 9-11-nerviis subtus precipue in nervis venisque albido-pilosulis, floribus glabris masculinis racemosis, quam folia brevioribus, perianthii 6-partita segmentis oblongis, staminibus 3, quam perianthium parum brevioribus, filamento crassis basi valde dilatatis. Herba (ex Schlechtendalio) volubilis, caulibus hirtellis striatis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, vix membranacea, 9-]1-nervia, nervo utroque extimo 1-2-furcato, vere cordiformia, 3-5-pollicaria, sepissime obtusiuscule acuminata, supra glabra, subtus preecipue in nervis venisque albido- pilosula. Flores masculini ad 8 lineas diametro, laxiuscule racemosi, glabri; racemi simplices vel furcati, rhachi hirtella; pedicelli glabri, solitarii, perianthio vix longiores ; bractez pedi- cellis 3-plo breviores ; perianthii segmenta oblonga, patentia; stamina ;3 ; filamenta crassa, perianthio parum breviora, basi valde dilatata. Flores feminei glabri, subsessiles ; spice pedun- culate, foliis breviores; bractee parve; perianthii lobi oblongi, obtusi, patenti; styli lobis perianthinis paullo breviores divaricati. Capsula pergamentacea, oblonga, 9-12 lineas longa, 5-6 lineas lata, brevissime pedicellata ; semina basi alata, supra medium loculorum affixa.— Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 49; Helmia convolwulacea, Kunth, Enumer. Pl. v. p. 415? Sour Mexico, Santa Fé &c., valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 646, 1024; Schaffner, 494). Hb. Kew. We have seen no authentic specimens of this species, and our plant does not agree in all respects with Kunth’s definition, though it does agree very well with Schlech- tendal’s, as far as it goes. It is a very distinct species. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCII. Portions of the male and female plant, in flower, of Dioscorea convolvulacea, with a cluster of ripe fruit: natural size. Fig. 1,a male flower; 2, a stamen; 8, a female flower: all enlarged ; 4, a seed-vessel; 5, a seed: very slightly enlarged. 6. Dioscorea cuspidata, Humb. ex. Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 133. Mexico ? An altogether doubtful plant. 7. Dioscorea cymosula, Hemsley, n. sp. (Tab. XC.) Canescens, foliis amplis orbiculari-cordatis 11-nerviis, floribus masculinis racemoso-cymulosis, racemis elongatis basi tantum ramosis, staminibus 6 subsequalibus filamentis perianthio basi adnatis, floribus femineis racemosis solitariis. : Herba vel frutex volubilis, caulibus puberulis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 1]-nervia, nervis extimis 1—2-furcatis, orbiculari-cordata, acuminata, acuta, lamina 5 poll. diametro, pre- . cipue subtus albido-pubescens ; petiolus ad 3-pollicaris. Flores masculini albido-pubescentes, 2-24 lineas diametro, racemoso-cymulosi, subsessiles ; cymulz breves, 2-6-flore (floribus versus 222 356 DIOSCOREACEZ. apicem racemi solitariis) ; racemi usque ad pedales; bracteze anguste flores superantes ; peri- anthii segmenta fere libera lanceolato-oblonga, obtusiuscula; stamina 6 subequalia, filamentis perianthio basi adnatis. Flores feminei albido-pubescentes, racemosi, solitarii, subsessiles, basi bibracteati, bracteis linearibus acutis; perianthii segmenta ovato-oblonga, subacuta; stamina abortiva 6; ovarium oblongum, pubescens; stigmata bifida. Fructus deest. Panama, Loseria (S. Hayes, 726).—Bania. Ab. Kew. Gardner’s 6094 from Maranha, Brazil, is very closely allied, and possibly the same species. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XC. A branch bearing male flowers, collected by Hayes, and a branch bearing female flowers, collected by Salzmann: both natural size. Fig. 1, an unopened male flower; 2, a male flower fully expanded ; 3, an unopened female flower ; 4, a female flower fully expanded: all enlarged. 8. Dioscorea densiflora, Hemsley, n. sp. Prater racemos minute puberulos glaberrima, foliis 7-nerviis nitidis, floribus masculinis longe dense- que racemosis, pedicellis solitariis quam perianthium brevioribus, perianthio alte 6-partito, staminibus fertilibus 3 brevibus, capsula pollicari utrinque rotundata. Frutex volubilis, fere omnino glaberrimus, caulibus graciliusculis teretibus striatis vel leviter sulcatis. Folia alterna, longiuscule petiolata, membranacea, 7-nervia, nervo utroque extimo alte bipartito, vere cordiformia, 3-6 poll. longa, usque ad 3 poll. lata, longe acuminata, acuta, nitida; petiolus gracilis, circiter sesquipollicaris, supra canaliculatus. Flores masculini 2 lineas longi, dense racemosi ; racemi minime puberuli, graciles, usque ad 9 poll. longi, simplices vel a basi 1-2-furcati; pedicelli solitarii 1-14 lineas longi; bractee anguste lineares, flores exce- dentes ; perianthium alte 6-partitum ; segmenta equalia, lanceolato-oblonga, obtusa, uninervia ; stamina fertilia 8, perianthio 4-plo 5-plove breviora, cum 8 imperfectis alternantia. Flores feminei simpliciter racemosi, perianthio ut in masculinis ; racemi densiusculi. Capsula pallida, pollicaris, circiter 9 lineas lata, utrinque rotundata, alis marginatis ; semina oblonga, 4-5 lineas longa, undique sed irregulariter alata. . SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1487, 1681). Hb. Kew. 9. Dioscorea floribunda, Mart. et Gal. (Descript. amplif.) Glaberrima, foliis 9-nerviis ovato-cordatis longissime acuminatis, floribus masculinis racemoso- paniculatis, paniculis gracilibus amplis multifloris, perianthio subcylindraceo, staminibus 6 perfectis quorum 3 brevioribus. Herba perennis (Galeotti), scandens vel volubilis, prorsus glaberrima, caulibus teretibus gracilius- culis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, subcoriacea, cordato-ovata, 5—6-pollicaria, longissime acuminata, acuta, 9-nervia, nervis extimis 2-furcatis, prominenter reticulato-venosa, supra interdum maculato-marmorata ; petiolus gracilis, semiteres, usque bipollicaris. Flores mascu- ini virides, brunnei (Galeotti), 1-14 lineas longi, subsessiles, racemoso-paniculati ; panicule ample, usque ad pedales (Galeo/ti), ramulis gracillimis; bractee minute; perianthii sub- cylindracei lobi erecti, oblongi, obtusi, tubum zquilongi; stamina 6, omnia perfecta 3 breviora, longiora perianthio paullo breviora. Flores feminei...... —Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 20). SoutH Mexico, Jalapa at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5460). Hb. Kew. 10. Dioscorea galeottiana, Kunth. (Descript. amplif.) Pilosula, foliis 13-15-nerviis orbiculari-cordatis, floribus masculinis racemoso-paniculatis, perianthio fere 6-phyllo, segmentis angustis patentissimis, staminibus 8 liberis. DIOSCOREACEZ. 357 Herba perennis, volubilis, caulibus crassiusculis primum sparse pilosulis deinde glabris. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 13-15-nervia, orbiculari-cordata (interdum obscure trilobata), 4-9 poll. longa, acuminata, sparse puberula vel pilosula. Flores masculini brunnei, glabri, 4-5 lineas diametro, racemoso-paniculati; panicule plus minusve pilosulz, ad semi- pedales, multiflore; ramuli graciles; pedicelli filiformes, 3—4 lineas longi; bractee parvee ; perianthium fere a basi 6-phyllum ; segmenta lanceolato-oblonga, obtusiuscula, patentissima ; stamina 3, libera, perianthio paullo breviora, patentia; filamentis deorsum vix dilatatis ; staminodia nulla— Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. p. 409; D. grandiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 21), non Mart. South Mexico, mountains near Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5457), Guadalupe, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 739). Hb. Kew. 11. Dioscorea grandifolia, Schl. (Descript. mutat.) Foliis 11-13-nerviis maximis, in ramulis floriferis usque ad sesquipedalibus subtus in rete vasculoso albo pilosulis, floribus masculinis laxe racemosis, perianthio fere 6-phyllo, staminibus 8, fila- mentis crassis. Herba vel frutex volubilis, caulibus glabris, angulatis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 1]-138-nervia, nervis extimis furcatis, cordiformia, longe acuminata, acutissima, 16—18 poll. longa, 23-9 poll. lata, supra glabra, subtus preesertim in nervis venisque albo-pilosula ; peti- olus gracilis. Flores masculini glabri, 2-24 lineas diametro, racemosi; racemi laxiusculi. graciles, simplices, vel basi furcati, ad semipedales; pedicelli filiformes, solitarii, 2-4 lineas longi; bractez parve ; perianthium fere 6-phyllum ; segmenta lineari-oblonga, obtusa, paten- tissima ; stamina 3; filamenta libera, crassa, segmentis breviora, divaricata. (Flores feminei ignoti.) . ; SoutH Mexico, in woods between Acatlan and Chiconquiaco (Schiede). Hb. Kew. Independently of its large leaves, this species is very distinct from the other Mexican and Central-American ones in its male flowers. We have been unable to match the original male specimens with fema es. 12. Dioscorea hirsuta, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 20) ; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 408. SoutH Mexico, Mirador 3000 to 3500 feet (Galeotti, 5458). Said to be very near D. floribunda. 13. Dioscorea leiboldiana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. vy. p. 355. SoutH Mexico (Leibold). 14. Dioscorea macrostachya, Benth. (Descript. reform.) Glaberrima, foliis 7—9-nerviis, ovato- usque ad orbiculari-cordatis, floribus masculinis in spiculas 2-5-floras racemosis, perianthii segmentis orbicularibus, staminibus 6, antheris subsessilibus, . floribus femineis racemosis, capsula immatura obovato-oblonga. Herba vel frutex volubilis vel per petiolos scandens, omnino glaberrimus, caulibus breviter sulcatis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 7-9-nervia, ovato-cordata ad orbiculari-cordata, caudato-acuminata, lamina 24-5 poll. longa lataque ; petiolus gracilis, 11-24-pollicaris. Flores masculint virides (ex Galeottio), purpurei (ex Hayesio), circiter lineam diametro, in spiculas vel glomerulas, 2-5-floras, breviter pedunculatas aggregati (rarissime pedunculis 1-floris) ; spicule densiuscule racemose ; racemi solitarii, 3-5-pollicares, rhachi angulata; bractes 358 DIOSCOREACEA. pedunculos spe xquilonge ; bracteole parve; perianthii segmenta orbicularia, patentia; stamina 6, antheris subsessilibus. Flores feminei racemosi; racemi 4—7-pollicares ; perianthii persistentis segmenta ovato-orbicularia; styli ad medium connati, supra medium recurvi, stigmatibus bifidis. Capsula (immature tantum vise) obovato-oblonga, breviter pedicellata, 1-1} poll. longa.— Benth. Pl. Hartweg. p. 73 (1841) ; D. macrophylla, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 21) (1842) ; D. macrophylla, Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1848, p. 889; D. deppei, Schiede, ex Schl. 1l.c.; D. bilibergiana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. p. 354 (1850) ; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 216. SoutH Mexico, Panistlahuaca and Tepinistlahuaca (Hartweg, 518), near Jalapa 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5461), Hacienda de la Laguna (Linden, 46), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1391), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2419); CrntrraL America (Barclay)?; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 335, 336), around the city of Panama (8. Hayes, 727). Hb. Kew. Seemann records it from Colombia, Guiana, and Brazil; but the specimens appear to belong to a different species. A specimen collected by Seemann (n. 1204) in Veraguas, without leaves, has male flowers of exactly the same structure; but the racemes are in clusters instead of solitary. 15. Dioscorea multinervis, Benth. (Descript. amplif.) Nana glabra, foliis brevissime petiolatis orbiculari-cordatis multinerviis, floribus masculinis sub- sessilibus in spicas glomeratis, staminibus 3, floribus femineis in racemis brevibus, stylis alte connatis, capsula immatura tuberculata vel echinulata. Herba perennis, tuberosa, glabra, caulibus 2—6-pollicaribus, 1—plurifoliatis. Folia alterna, brevis- sime petiolata, submembranacea, 9-13-nervia, orbiculari-cordata, 1-3 poll. diametro, apice seepissime brevissime acuminata. Flores masculini subsessiles in spicas glomerati, 1-11 lineas diametro; spice densiuscule simplices solitariz, bine vel tern, 1-24 poll. longe ; bracteze minut; perianthii segmenta lata, apice rotundata; stamina 3, perianthio breviora. Flores feminet racemosi; racemi pauciflori (interdum uniflori ex Schlechtendalio) sepe infra semi- pollicari; perianthium supra ovarium tuberculatum constrictum ; segmenta elliptica; styli connati. (‘Fructus subglobosus, obtuse trigonus ad angulos verrucosus, 3-locularis, loculis 2-spermis ; semina globosa, ex Schlechtendalio.”)—D. nana, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 112; D. schlechtendalii, Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. p. 411. SourH Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg, 393), Toluca (Schiede). Hb. Kew. 16. Dioscorea pallens, Schl. (Descript. amplif.) (Tab. XCII. B.) Undique fere glaberrima, foliis 7-nerviis nitidis, floribus masculinis laxiuscule racemosis, racemis simplicibus solitariis vel pluribus insigniter angulatim flexuosis, pedicellis ad angulos rhachis sepissime solitariis, perianthii segmentis lanceolatis obtusis, staminibus fertilibus 3. Herba perennis (Galeotti), volubilis fere omnino glaberrima, caulibus graciliusculis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 7-nervia, nervo utroque extimo 3-partito, vere cordiformia, 2—4- pollicaria, longe acuminata, acuta, nitida; petiolus gracilis, lamina paullo brevior. Flores masculini rubro-virides (Galeotti), 14-2 lineas longi, laxiuscule racemosi; racemi minute puberuli, insigniter angulatim flexuosi, simplices, solitarii vel plures, 3~5-pollicares ; pedicelli ad angulos rhachis sepissime solitarii, perianthio zquilongi; bracte anguste lineares, pedicellis breviores; perianthium alte 6-partitum; segmenta equalia, lanceolata, obtusa, uninervia, stellatim patentia; stamina fertilia 3, perianthio 4-plo breviora cum 8 imperfectis alternantia. Flores feminei..... —D., polygonoides, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. pars 2 (reprint, p. 22), nec H. B. K. DIOSCOREACEA, 359 Souta Mexico, Jalapa 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5459), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3109). Hb. Kew. We at first described Bourgeau’s specimens as a new species; but, in spite of little. deviations from the description given by Schlechtendal, we think they must belong to D. pallens, because that is the only one apparently having the remarkably angular wavy racemes. The female is unknown to us, and undescribed by Schlechtendal. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCII. B. A branch of the male plant of Dioscorea pallens, natural size. Fig. 8, a flower and portion of the rhachis; 4, a stamen; 5, a staminode: all enlarged. 17. Dioscorea polygonoides, Humb. et Bonpl. (Descript. amplif.) Glaberrima, caulibus gracilibus, foliis tenuiter membranaceis, floribus masculinis minutis in spicas elongatas filiformes glomeratis, staminibus fertilibus 8, antherarum loculis distincte discretis, capsula suborbiculari, seminibus semicircularibus. Herba vel frutex volubilis, omnino glaber, caulibus gracilibus teretibus striatulis. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, tenuiter membranacea, 7—9-nervia, nervis extimis furcatis, late ovato-cordatis, 2—5-pollicaria, caudato-acuminata ; petiolus gracilis. Flores masculini minuti (sepe vix limeam diametro) in spicas filiformes glomerati; spice simplices vel a basi tantum ramose, solitarize vel plurz, 3—-9-pollicares, glomerulis sparsis; perianthium fere a basi 6-partitum; segmenta ovato-orbicularia; stamina fertilia 3, segmentis breviora, antheris distincte discretis, sterilia (staminodia) minuta vel interdum nulla (?). Flores femineit laxiuscule spicati; perianthiu segmenta ovato-orbicularia; staminodia parva; stylo in columnam centralem perianthio breviorem connati, stigmatibus bifidis deflectis. Capsula pergamentacea, suborbicularis, circiter 13 lineas longa’ et 11 lineas lata; semina semicircularia undique alata, alterum infra alterum supra medium loculi affixum.—Humd. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 795; Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. p. 382? Nicaragua, Isle of Omotepé (Lévy, 174); Panama, Empire railway-station (8. Hayes, 304).—CotomBiA, Guiana, Brazit. Hb. Kew. 18. Dioscorea propinqua, Hemsley, n. sp. Glaberrima, foliis 7-nerviis gradatim acuminatis, spicis femineis simplicibus quam folia paullo longioribus, capsula subsessili oblongo-orbiculari subcoriacea, seminibus oblongis undique alatis. Herba vel frutexr volubilis, fructiferus omnino glaberrimus, caulibus gracilibus. Folia alterna, longiuscule petiolata, membranacea, 7-nervia, nervis extimis furcatis, ovato-cordata, 3-5-polli- caria, gradatim acuminata, acuta, subtus venis primariis distantibus prominulis. Flores femingéi..... Capsule in spicas confertas foliis paullo longiores disposite, subcoriacez, oblongo-orbiculares, circiter 12 lineas longe et 9 late, alis marginatis; semina oblonga, . undique (sed facie interiore angustissime) alata, alterum supra alterum infra medium loculi affixum. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1488). Hb. Kew. At first we were disposed to regard this as the female of D. sparviflora, but the leaves are only 7-nerved and taper gradually upward into a sharp point. [Helmia racemosa, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xix. p. 393, from Central America, is quite unknown to us. | ‘360 DIOSCOREACEZ. 19. Dioscorea remotiflora, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 409. Dioscorea laxiflora, Schl. in Linnea, xvii. p. 606. Helmia ehrenbergia, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 433, ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 588. Sout Mexico, Atotonilco el Grande (Schiede). 20. Dioscorea sapindoides, Presl. (Descript. amplif) (Tab. XCL.) Foliis glabris cordato-oblongis, floribus omnibus villosulis masculinis fasciculatim racemosis, pedi- cellis quam flores longioribus, staminibus 6 centralibus, filamentis ad medium connatis, femineis laxiuscule spicatis, stylis connatis. Herba vel frutex volubilis, caulibus glabris gracilibus teretibus. Folia glabra, alterna, petiolata, membranacea, glabra, ad apicem 3-nervia, nervis extimis brevibus 2-furcatis, cordato-oblonga, 2-4-pollicaria, anguste acuminata vel fere cuspidata; petiolus gracillimus, ad pollicaris. Flores masculini villosuli, 1-14 lineas diametro, fasciculatim racemosi; racemi simplices, solitarii vel plures, 3-9-pollicares; bracteee parve; pedicelli graciles, floribus subduplo longiores ; perianthii 6-partiti segmenta oblonga; stamina 6 centralia, filamentis ad medium connatis supra medium recurvis. Flores feminet villosuli, laxiuscule spicati; spice 3-4- pollicares (subpedales, ex Preslio) ; perianthii lobi oblongi; styli connati. (“ Capsula 6 lineas longa, 4 lineas lata, sessilis, subelliptica, glabra vel presertim apice pilis raris flexuosis aspersa.”’—Presl, Relig. Henk. 1. p. 138. Mexico (ex Presi); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 287), Empire. railway-station (S. Hayes, 303, 321). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB, XCI. Flower-bearing branches of the male and female of Dioscorea sapindoides, natural size. Fig. 1, a cluster of male flowers ; 2, a male flower, fully expanded ; 3, central andreecium of the same ; 4, young female flowers; 5, one of the same, further enlarged; 6, a fully expanded female flower ; 7, styles and rudimentary stamens of the same: all enlarged. 21. Dioscorea sparsiflora, Hemsley, n. sp. Glabra vel cito glabrescens, foliis 9-nerviis vere cordiformibus apiculatis, floribus masculinis in glome- rulos 5—1-floros subspicatis, glomerulis distantibus perianthio fere campanulato, lobis reflexis, staminibus 6, filamentis perianthio ad medium adnatis, floribus femineis fructibusque ignotis. Herba vel frutex volubilis, primum minutissime sparsissime puberulus, cito glaberrimus, caulibus graciliusculis subteretibus vel leviter angulatis. Folia alterna, longiuscule petiolata, membra- nacea, 9-nervia, nervis extimis furcatis, vere cordiformia, 3-5-pollicaria, apiculata vel abrupte et brevissime acuminata, nervis venisque primariis subtus prominulis; petiolus gracilis cana- liculatus. Flores masculini glabri, 3-4 linee diametro, vix lineam longi, subsessiles vel ‘brevissime pedicellati, in racemos vel pseudospicas elongatas laxissimas 2-5 agegregati, vel interdum solitarii ; pseudospice graciles, longiuscule pedunculatz, solitarie vel 2-3 aggregate, 3-9 poll. longze ; perianthium urceolato-campanulatum ad medium 6-lobatum, lobis recurvis ; stamina fertilia 6, equalia, perianthii tubum paullo excedentia, filamentis perianthio ad medium adnatis; ovarii rudimentum maximum. Sout Mexico, Plateau of Mexico (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. In many respects this answers to Schlechtendal’s description of D. laxiflora (D. remotifiora, Kunth); but there is scarcely a trace of the minutest hairs upon it in quite a young state, and the leaves and perianth and stamens seem to differ, and the DIOSCORIACEZ, 361 racemes are very much longer than the leaves. It may, however, prove to be a glabrous condition of the same species. 22. Dioscorea spiculiflora, Hemsley, n.sp. (Tab. XCII. A.) Glaberrima, caulibus gracillimis, foliis subhastato-cordatis, floribus masculinis spiculatis, spiculis densifloris in racemos elongatos dispositis, perianthio fere a basi 6-partito, staminibus fertilibus 6, antheris subsessilibus. Herba vel frutex volubilis, prorsus glaberrimus, caulibus gracillimis teretibus. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, membranacea, 7-nervia, nervo utroque extimo furcato, subhastato-cordata, 2-4- pollicaria, acuminata, basi interdum fere truncata, opaca; petiolus gracilis, lamina paullo brevior. Flores masculini vix lineam diametro, spiculati; spicule subsessiles, 2-3 lineas long, 5-10-flore, in racemos graciles laxiusculos dispositee; racemi solitarii vel plures, simplices vel basi 1-2-furcati, usque ad 9 poll. longi; perianthium fere a basi 6-partitum ; segmenta crassa ovato-orbicularia; stamina fertilia 6, anthere subsessiles. Flores feminet South Mexico, Yucatan (Linden, 236). Hb. Kew. The male inflorescence of this species resembles that of some of the Old-World species, having opposite lobed leaves. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCITI. A. A flower-bearing branch of the male of Dioscorea spiculiflora, natural size. Fig. 1, a spikelet of male flowers; 2, a single male flower: both enlarged. 23. Dioscorea tenuiflora, Schl. in Linnea, xvii. p. 608; Kunth, Enum. v p. 411. Souta Mexico. 24. Dioscorea urophylla, Hemsley, n. sp. Glaberrima, foliis orbicularibus vel cordato-orbicularibus longe caudato-acuminatis, floribus mascu- linis spicatis, spicis a basi ramosis, perianthii segmentis oblongis, staminibus 6 subeequalibus. Herba vel frutex scandens vel volubilis, omnino glaberrimus. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, sub- membranacea, 7-nervia, nervis extimis alte furcatis, orbicularia vel cordato-orbicularia, longe caudato-acuminata, 3-6-pollicaria, lineolis pellucidis conspicuis conspersa, simul brunneo- punctulata ; petiolus gracilis. Flores masculini 14-2 lineas diametro, spicati; spice densius- cule, alterniflorze, a basi ramosz vel interdum simplices, 4—6-pollicares, graciles; bractez parve, late ovate, acuminate ; perianthii 6-partiti segmenta oblonga, obtusa, supra medium recurva ; stamina 6, subequalia, perianthio paullo breviora; filamenta perianthio basi adnata ; ovarii rudimentum sat magnum. (Flores feminei ignoti.) Panama GS. Hayes, 190). Hb. Kew. The Mexican and Central-American species of Dioscorea, as far as we have been able to examine them, present the following modifications in the andrcecium :— I. Stamina sex in columnam connata, omnia perfecta. D, sapindordes. II. Stamina sex libera vel perianthio adnata, omnia perfecta; antheree filamentis multo breviores. D. sparsiflora, D. floribunda, D. urophyila et D. cymosula. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. TII., February 1884. 3a 362 DIOSCORIACEA. ITI. Stamina sex, omnia perfecta ; anther subsessiles. D. spiculifiora et D. macrostachya. IV. Stamina sex quorum tria sterilia. D. polygonoides, D. densiflora et D. pallens. V. Stamina tria. D. grandifolia, D. convolvulacea, D. galeottiana, D. capitlaris et D. multinervis. VI. Stamina ignota. D. propinqua et D. composita. Series III. CORONARIE. [RoxpuRGHiacE#, an Order of three genera and eight species, inhabiting Asia and Australia, and one, Croomia pauciflora, Florida, Georgia, and Alabama; the only other known species of the genus being a native of Japan. | Order CXLVII. LILIACE. Liliaceae, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 748. As limited by Bentham and Hooker this Order comprises 187 genera (to which have to be added two Mexican genera founded by S. Watson since the completion of the ‘Genera Plantarum’), dispersed under twenty tribes. Upwards of 2100 species are known, and they are generally dispersed, except in the colder regions, though most numerous in temperate and subtropical countries. Tribe I. SMILACEA. Smilacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 751. Besides Smilax there are two genera of five species each, one of them being restricted to Australia and New Zealand, and the other to Eastern Asia. 1. SMILAX. Smilax, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1120; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 763; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. pp. 1-213. | Nearly 200 species are enumerated by De Candolle, and they are spread over nearly all temperate and tropical regions, both in America and the Old World. 1. Smilax acutifolia, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 449; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i, p. 85. . SoutH Mexico, near Anganguio (Schiede), near El Banco (Lhrenberg). 2. Smilax angustiflora, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 67. Costa Rica, Alto de la Cruz, near Azari (Hoffntann). 3. Smilax aristolochizfolia, Mill. Dict. n.7; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 208. Smilax milleri, Steud. Nomencl. Bot, LILIACEA. 863. SourH Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Houston). [“S. berterii, Spreng.” (Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2, reprint, p. 19), De Candolle was unable to determine. | 4, Smilax bona-nox, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1030; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 77 (subspecies et varietates plures). Smilax tamnoides, A. Gr. Man. Bot. N. U.S. ed. 5, p. 519, non L. ? Smilax platycentron, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 452 ? Eastern North America from New Jersey and Iuuivois southward to Mexico. Subsp. wrightii, A. DC. 1. c. p. 78. Smilax medica?, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 19), non Schl. _ Lovrstana; Texas.—Mexico, without locality (Pavon), near Jalapa 4000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5479), Zimapan (Coulter. 1589). Hb. Kew. Subsp. polyodonta, A. DC. 1. c. e. Senticosa, A. DC. 1. c. p. 79. SoutH Mexico, Puente de Dios (Ehrenberg), without locality (Schaffner). 5. Smilax botterii, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 89. Sovran Mexico, around Orizaba (Botteri, 467), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 237, 1131). Hb. Kew. 6. Smilax candelaria, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 70. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 563)%; Costa Rica, near Candelaria (Hoffmann). 7. Smilax cognata, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 175; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 110. Mexico, Puerto Alegro (ex Kunth). We know of no such name as Puerto Alegro in Mexico, and the plant may, as De Candolle suggests, have come from South Brazil. 8. Smilax cordifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 778; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 236; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 83. Sourn Mexico, near Jalapa and La Banderilla (Humboldt & Bonpland ; Galeotti, 5479), near Mirador (Linden), Papantla (Karwinski)—AntiauA. Hb. Kew. 6. schiedeana, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 84; Kunth, Enum. v. p- 236 (species). Smilax pseudochina, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 49, non L. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). y. papantle, A. DC. 1. ¢. Smilax sylvatica, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 284, pro parte. SoutH Mexico, near Papantla (Schiede & Deppe). 3a 2 364 LILIACEA. 9. Smilax densiflora, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 88. Sourn Mexico, Toluca (Andrieux, 69). Hb. Kew. GB. christmarensis, A. DC. 1. c. p. 89. Sours Mzxico, hills around San Miguel (Christmar). 10. Smilax discolor, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 454°; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. L p. 86. Sovra Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 11. Smilax erythrocarpa, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 234; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 1. p. 85. Sourn Mexico, without locality (Ehrenberg), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1131). 12. Smilax glauca, Walt. Fl. Carol. p. 245; Bot. Mag. t. 1846; A. Gr. Man. Bot. N. U.S. ed. 5, p. 519; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 81. New York southward to Texas.—Soura Mexico, near Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5482), Zongolica (Botteri, 1001). Hb. Kew. 13. Smilax glaucocarpos, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 450; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 1. p. 146. Sout Mzxico, Hacienda del Carmen and Mineral del Monte (Hhrenéerg). 14. Smilax havanensis, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 262, t. 179. fig. 102 ; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 173; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 586 (excl. plur. syn.); A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 1. p. 122. a. Vulgaris, A. DC. 1. ¢. Souta Mexico, mountains west of Jalapa at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5480).—CuBa. 15. Smilax hispida, Muhl. Cat. p. 92 (ubi solum nomen); A. Gr. Man. Bot. N. U.S. ed. 5, p. 519; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 76. New York and Micuigan to Texas.— Mexico? Spec. cult. in herb. Kew. 16. Smilax invenusta, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 234; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 90. South Mexico, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2650), near Jalapa (Coulter, 1590). Hb. Kew. pB. armata, A. DC. l.c. p. 91. Sourn Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti; Linden). Hb. Kew. 17. Smilax jalapensis, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 451; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 86. Smilax xalapensis, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 258. South Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede). 18. Smilax medica, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 47; Linnea, xviii. p. 447; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 235; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 86. | LILIACEZ. 365 Soutn Mexico, Papantla (Schiede), without locality (Hahn), near Tantoyuca (Ervend- berg, 337). Hb. Kew. B. bracteata, A. DC. l.c. | Sout Mexico, near Tantoyuca (Hrvendberg, 336). Hb. Kew. 19. Smilax mexicana, Griseb. ex Kunth, Enum. v. p. 167; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 117. Smilax cumanensis, Ch. et Schl, in Linnea, vi. p. 48, non Willd. South Mexico, near Tampico (Berlandier), near Misantla (Schiede), Colipa (Kar- winski). B. costarice, A. DC. 1. c.; Vatke in Linnea. xl. p. 223 (species). South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2445), Huasteca (Ervendberg, 363), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1486, 1784); Cosra Rica, San José (Hoffmann); Panama (S. Hayes, 630). Hb. Kew. 20. Smilax mollis, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 785; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 194; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 67. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 973), near Jalapa (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Karwinski ; Sartorius; Schaffner).—West Inpins; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 8. pavoniana, A. DC. 1. c. p. 68. SoutH Mexico (Pavon). y. acuminata, A. DC. 1. c. SoutH Mexico, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3038). Hb. Kew. 21. Smilax moranensis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 18); A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 87. Smilax sylvatica, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 235 (excl. syn. S. cordifolia). South Mexico, between Chico and Chapula (Graham), peak of Orizaba 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5476). Hb. Kew. 6. schaffneriana, A. DC. 1. c. p. 88. Mexico (Schaffner). 22. Smilax multiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 19) ; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 210. | Sourn Mexico, in woods near Chinantla, Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5479). 23. Smilax obtusa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p.175; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 144. Sourn Mexico, Manzanilla Bay (Barclay). Hb. Kew. 24. Smilax officinalis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 271, non alior.; Kunth, 366 | LILIACEA. Enum. v. p. 228; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 149; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ pp. 217, 218 et 219 (excl. syn. S. papyracea et 8. medica). Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui ( Warscewicz).—Co.omBia. Hb. Kew. “8. officinalis, Presl! e Mexico, cujus fragmentum unicum, sine fl. vel fr. in h. prag. video, admodum differt: foliis tenuissimis, nervis 2 centrali proprioribus ab eo supra basim discedentibus, parenchymate pellucide punctato, atque lineato, ex foliis fere S. insignis, Kunth (que peruviana, sed ramis non tuberculatis, passim aculeatis).”— A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 150. 25. Smilax papyracea, Duham. Arb. i. p. 242; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 150? GuatemaLa, Volcan de Fuego 3000 feet (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. The true S. papyracea inhabits Guiana and Brazil. | 26. Smilax rotundifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1030; A. Gr. Man. Bot, N. U.S. ed. 5, p. 519; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 74 (varietates). Smilax quadrangularis, Muehl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 775; Wats. Dendr. t. 109. Smilax tetragona, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 19), non Linn. CanaDa to Texas, and westward to CALIFoRNIA.— Mexico and the West Inpizs. No locality in Mexico is cited by De Candolle, merely “‘ Mexico, Pavon in herb, Boiss, et herb. Webb. loco non dicto.” 27. Smilax schlechtendalii, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 224; A. DO. in DO. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 101. Smilax domingensis, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 48, xviii. p. 448, non Willd. Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Botteri, 970; Bourgeau, 3256, 3282), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1785), Misantla, San Pablo, and Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe). Ub. Kew. B. lindeni, A. DC. 1.c. p. 102. Sour Mexico, near Jalapa 3000 feet (Galeotti, 7 082), Mirador (Linden, 50), without locality (Harris). Hb. Kew. 28. Smilax spinosa, Mill. Dict. n. 8, non Poir; A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 210. Smilax houstoniana, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Houston). 29. Smilax subpubescens, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i, p. 69. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2578). Hb. Kew. 30. Smilax tomentosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 272; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 231; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 70. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Seemann).—CoLomBia; VENEZUELA, LILIACEA, 367 31. Smilax Wwageneriana, A. DC. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 143 Panama, Chiriqui (Wagener), without locality (hb. Forsyth). Hb. Kew. Tribe II. ASPARAGEA. Asparagee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 751. Four genera, including Asparagus, with 100 species, belong to this tribe, which is restricted to the Old World. Tribe II]. LUZURIAGEA. Luzuriagee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 751. Of this tribe there are seven genera, mostly monotypic or ditypic, and comprising _ altogether only about a dozen species. Three of the genera are endemic in extratropical South America, and all of them are exclusively inhabitants of the temperate regions of the southern hemisphere. Tribe IV. POLYGONATE. Polygonatee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 752. _ This tribe is confined to the northern hemisphere, and comprises six genera, including Disporopsis, Hance, from China, founded since the publication of the ‘ Genera Plan- tarum,’ and about fifty species. 2. SMILACINA. Smilacina, Desf. in Ann. Mus. Par. ix. p. 51, t. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 770. Tovaria, Neck. Elem. ii. p. 190, non aliorum. About twenty species are known, inhabiting North and Central America and temperate regions of Asia. 1. Smilacina flexuosa, Bertol. in Nov. Com. Acad. Bonon. iv. p. 411, t. 39, et Fl. Guat. p. 11, t. 4. Smilacina bertolonit, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 151. Smilax flecuosa, Hook. Ic. Pl. vi. t. 529? Tovaria flexuosa, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 567, pro parte. GuaTEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. | Bertoloni’s original figure of this species represents the leaves with seven primary longitudinal nerves, and the blade narrowed at the base into a distinct petiole, whereas the plant figured by Hooker has rotundate, 5-nerved, sessile leaves ; but Bertoloni’s is a very rude drawing of a dried specimen in fruit, and may be incorrect in some par- ticulars. We have seen only one specimen, and that was cultivated in this country, and is the type of Hooker’s figure; therefore we are unable to say whether more than one species is concerned. 368 LILIACEA. 2. Smilacina laxiflora, Hemsley. Tovaria laxiflora, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 569. GuaTeMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 3. Smilacina nervulosa, Hemsley. Tovaria nervulosa, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 569. Sourn Mexico, Jalapa (ex Torrey). Hb. Kew. 4. Smilacina paniculata, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 17); Kunth, Enum. v. p. 151? Tovaria paniculata, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xiv. p. 568. Smilacina amena, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. xviti. p. 187. Sout Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght): GuateMaLa (Skinner). Whatever Marten’s and Galeotti’s S. paniculata may be, there are certainly two species included under this name by Baker. We have not seen the type of either Galeotti’s or Wendland’s plant, and the descriptions are insufficient, so we can only leave the matter in doubt. 5. Smilacina salvini, Hemsley. Tovaria salvini, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 567. GvuaTEMALA, Volcan de Atitlan 9000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 6. Smilacina scilloidea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix, 2 (reprint, p. 17) ; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 151. Tovaria scilloides, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 567. Smilacina macrophylla, Mart. et Gal. 1. c. p. 16? South Mexico, Chiapas &c. ((hiesbreght, 707), San Bartolo and Pueblo Nuevo (Linden, 1287), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 987), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 to 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5471). Hb. Kew. 7. Smilacina thyrsoidea, Hemsley. Tovaria thyrsoidea, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xiv. p. 568. Soura Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 773, 959), region of Orizaba (Miller, 985 ; Botteri, 1388, 914). Hb. Kew. 8. Smilacina, sp. GuateMaLA, Volcan de Fuego, ridge above Calderas 8300 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 9. Smilacina, sp. Tovaria flexuosa, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 567, pro parte. GuaTEMALA (Skinner). Hb. Kew. We have not ventured to give this another name, because there are three or four species of which we have seen no authentically named specimens. LILIACEA. 369 Tribe V. CONVALLARIA. Convallaria, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 752. Four monotypic genera constitute this tribe, which is confined to the northern hemisphere and to the Old World, except the widely dispersed Convallaria majalis. Tribe VI. ASPIDISTREZ. Aspidistree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. p. 782. Also only four genera and about ten species, inhabiting the mountains of North India and Burma, and China and Japan. Tribe VII. HEMEROCALLEA. Hemerocallee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 752. Of this tribe there are six genera, numbering together about thirty-five species. About half of them belong to the genus Kniphofia, which is restricted to Africa, chiefly extratropical, and Madagascar; one other genus is endemic in Africa, one in New Zealand, one in Australia, one in China and Japan, and Hemerocallis itself is repre- sented in Europe and Asia. Tribe VIII. ALOINE. Aloinee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 753. This is essentially an African tribe, the few species found outside of that country having, probably, been originally introduced. Five genera are maintained, and they number 200 species. Tribe IX. DRACENE AL. Dracenee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 753. There are nine genera and about 100 species of this tribe, and they are widely distributed in warm and temperate countries, though absent from Europe, and very sparsely scattered in Africa and Asia. Five of the genera are confined to Central and North America. 3. YUCCA. Yucca, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 429; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 778. This genus has its greatest concentration in Mexico, a few species extending south- ward into Central America, and four or five occurring in the Southern States of North America. The number of distinct species is uncertain; Engelmann, in 1873, defined twelve, and Baker, in 1881, twenty-one, several of which, however, are only known from cultivated plants. 1. Yucea aloifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 319; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. St. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1884. 36 370 LILIACEZ. Louis, iii. p. 34; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 221; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 582; DC. Plantes Grasses, t. 20; Red. Lil. t. 401, 402; Bot. Mag. t. 1700. Yucca serrulata, Haworth, Synop. Pl. Succ. p. 70. Yucca crenulata, Y. arcuata, Y. conspicua et Y. tenuifolia, Haworth, Suppl. Pl. Succ. pp. 32-34. Yucca draconis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 319. SourH Carotina to Fioripa.—Souta Mexico, Zacatecas (Coulter, 1571), Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1408). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 2. Yucca angustifolia, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 227; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 50; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 226 (varietates) ; Bot. Mag. t. 2236. Yucca stricta, Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2222; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 273; Rev. Hort. 1859, p. 467, fig. 101 et 102. Missourr and Iowa to New Mexico and LovIsiAna. Norra Mexico, Chihuahua (Wright). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 3. Yucca baccata, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 221; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 44; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 229 (varie- tates 2); Ill. Hort. 1873, t. 115. Yucca filifera, Rev. Hort: 1876, p. 432, fig. 97. Urtan and CoLoraDo to CauiFornia, Arizona, and Trxas.—NortH Mexico, Chihuahua (Wishizenus), Parras, Coahuila (Thurber), Saltillo (Gregg). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 4. Yucca boerhaavii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1870, p- 127, et Journ. Linn. Soc. Xvili. p. 224; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 41. Mexico ? 5. Yucca constricta, Buckley in Proc. Philad, Acad. 1862, p. 82; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 229. Yucca angustifolia, Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1860, p. 20, figg. 3 et 4, non Pursh. Yucca polyphylla, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1088. Yucca albospica, Flore des Serres, série 2, vii. p. 110, fig. 1612. Yucca angustifolia, 8. elata, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, p. 50. Urtan to Arizona.—Norts Mexico. Hort. Kew. 6. Yucca desmetiana, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1217, et Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 222; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 41. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 7. Yucca flexilis, Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1859, p. 308, fig. 89; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 224 (varietates). Yucca ensifolia, Baker, Refug. Bot. t. 318. Mexico. Hort. Kew. 8. Yucca funifera, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 1866, Misc. p.99; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 228. MEXxIco. LILIACER. 371 9. Yucca gigantea, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 1859, Misc. p. 91; Rev. Hort, 1860, p. 222; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 224. Mexico ? 10. Yucca guatemalensis, Baker in Refug. Bot. t. 313, et Journ. Linn. Soc, XVili. p. 222; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 38. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe); Guatayata (Ehrenberg). - Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 11. Yucca peacockii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 223. Mexico? 12. Yucca rupicola, Scheele in Linnea, xxiii. p. 143; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 222; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 48. Yucca lutescens, Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1858, p. 579. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua ( Wright), Mapimi, Coahuila (Gregg). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 13. Yucca schottii, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 46; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 228. Norra Mexico, valley of the Santa Cruz river, Sonora (Schott). 14. Yueca treculeana, Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1858, p.-580; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 41; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc, xviii. p. 226. Yucca aspera, Regel in Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1858, et Gartenflora, 1859, p. 14. Yucca canaliculata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5201. Trexas.—Norta Mexico, Saltillo, Parras, Chihuahua (Wislizenus; Gregg); SoutH Mexico, Toluca (Andrieux, 64). Hb. Kew., Hort. Kew. 15. Yucca yucatana, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, iii. p. 87; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 221. South Mexico, ruins of Nohpat, Yucatan (Schott). 4, NOLINA. Nolina, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 207; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 780. Roulinia, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xiv. p. 320. Beaucarnea, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. viii. (1861), Misc. p. 59, cum icone. A genus of about twelve known species, peculiar to the Texano-Mexican region. 1. Nolina hartwegiana, Hemsley. Beaucarnea hartwegiana, Baker in Journ. Bot. p. 327, ex parte, et in Journ. Linn. Soe, xviii. p- 237. Dasylirion hartwegianum, Zuce. Pl. Nov. Herb. et Hort. Monac. fase, 5. p. 22. Dasylirion junceum, Zuce. 1. c. p. 19? Roulinia longifolia, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xiv. p. 320. 362 372 LILIACEZ. Cordyline longifolia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 53. Beaucarnea gracilis, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. viii. (1861), Mise. p. 61? Sours Mexico, Zacatecas (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 2. Nolina humilis, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 248, ex Parte Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 237. (Tab. XCIII.) | Beaucarnea humilis, Baker, 1. c. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet ‘(Parry & Palmer, 875). - Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCIII. Portion of a plant of Nolina humilis, natural size. Fig.1, section of a leaf; 2, an unopened flower; 8, an opened flower ; 4, a pistil; 5, a vertical section of the same; 6, a fruit; 7, a seed: all more or less enlarged. 8. Nolina lindheimeriana, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 247. Beaucarnea lindheimeriana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 236. Dasylirion lindheimerianum, Scheele in Linnea, xxv. p. 262. Dasylirion tenuifolium, Torrey, Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 215. .. €exas ; New Mexico.—Nortn Mexico, El Podrero, Sonora (Schott; Wright) Hb. Kew. 4, Nolina longifolia, Hemsley. Beaucarnea longifolia, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 324, et in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 234. Dasylirion longifolium, Karw. et Zucc. in Zucc. Pl. Nov. Herb. et Hort. Monac. fase. v. p. 224, t. 1. fig, 2; Morr. in Belg. Hort. 1865, p. 321, t. 20. . Yucca longifolia, Karw. in Cat. Hort. Monac. ex Brongn. Roulinia karwinskiana, Brong. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xiv. p. 320. Mexico (Karwinski). 5. Nolina parviflora, Hemsley. Beaucarnea parviflora, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 328, et in Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. p. 234, Cordyline parviflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 269, et vil. t. 674. Dracena parviflora, Willd. ex Schult. Syst. Veg. vi. p. 848. Dasylirion humboldtu, Kunth, Enum. v. p. 42. Roulinia humboldtiana, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xiv. p. 320. SourH Mexico, plateau of Mexico at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 6. Nolina recurvata, Hemsley. Beaucarnea recurvata, Lemaire, Ill. Hort. 1861, Misc. p.59, cum icone; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Kviii. p. 234 (varietates) ; Gard. Chron. 1870, p. 1445, fig. 254. Beaucarnea stricta, Lemaire, l. c. South Mexico, Santa Fé (Hahn), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 520). Hb. Kew. 7.. Nolina watsoni, Hemsley. (Tab. XCIV.) Beaucarnea watsoni, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 286. Nolina humilis, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 248, ex parte. _ Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 874). Hb. Kew. LILIACEZ. ° 373 EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCIV. Portion of a plant of Nolina watsoni, natural size. Fig. 1, section of a leaf; 2, a fower partially open; 3, a flower quite open ; 4, a pistil; 5, a vertical section of the same; 6, a cross section of the same: all enlarged. Fig. 7, a fruit, natural size; 8, a fruit, enlarged. do. DASYLIRION. | Dasylirion, Zuce. in Abhandl. Akad. Miinch. iii. p. 221, t. 1 (Pl. Nov. Hort. et Herb. Monae. . ~ fase. iv.) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 780. About ten species, restricted to the 'Texano-Mexican region. . 1. Dasylirion acrotrichum, Zucc. Pl. Nov. Hort. et Herb. Monac. fase. iv. t. 1. fig. 4; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 40; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 239; Bot. Mag. t. 5030, icon in Flore des Serres, t. 1448, iterata. _ Yucca acrotricha, Schiede in Linnea, iv. p. 230, et vi. p. 52. Roulinia acrotricha.et R. gracilis, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 2, xiv. p. 320. Dasylirion gracile, Zucc. Pl. Nov. Hort. et Herb. Monae. v. p. 22. Dasylirion graminifolium, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 249, non Zuce. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 876); Sout Mexico, Cerro de la Ventana (Schiede). Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. | 2. Dasylirion berlandieri, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 249; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 240. - Norra Mexico, Cerro de la Silla, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier, 3218). Hb. Kew. 3. Dasylirion hookeri, Lemaire, ex Morren in Belg. Hort. xv. p. 324; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 240. Dasylirion hartwegianum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5099, non Zuce. Dasylirion cespitosum, Scheidw. in Koch’s Wochenschrift, 1861, p. 286 ? Beaucarnea hookeri, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 327. Souta Mexico, Real del Monte (Repper). Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. | : 4. Dasylirion glaucophyllum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t.5041; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 239. | Dasylirion glaucum, Carriére, Rev. Hort. 1872, p. 435, cum figura. Dasylirion serratifolium, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 298, ex parte. South Mexico, Real del Monte (Repper). Cultivated Specimens only in Kew herbarium. S. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 163) doubtingly refers to this species a specimen collected by Palmer at Monclova, Coahuila, North Mexico. | 5. Dasylirion graminifolium, Zucc. Pl. Noy. Hort. et Herb. Monac. fase. iv 374 LILIACEA. \p. 225, t. 1; Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1841, p. 121, t. 1; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvill. p. 238; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 297, ex parte. Yucca graminifolia, Zucc. in Cat. Hort. Monac. 1887. MEXIco. 6. Dasylirion pliabile, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 240. Soura Mexico, Sisal, Yucatan (Schott). 7. Dasylirion quadrangulatum, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 250; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 241. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Nola, Tamaulipas (Palmer). 8. Dasylirion serratifolium, Karw. et Zucc. in Zucc. Pl. Nov. Hort. et Herb. Monac. fase. iv. p. 225; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 240. Dasylirion lazxiflorum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 299. SoutH Mexico, between San Dionisio and Tolotopa, Oaxaca (Andrieua, 68). Hb. Kew. [ Dasylirion wheeleri, 8. Wats. (Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 249), from Arizona and New Mexico, may occur within our limits. | Tribe X. ASPHODELEZ. Asphodelee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 754. Including two new Mexican genera lately described by S. Watson, this tribe includes thirty-eight genera, comprising about 265 species, spread over the whole range of the order. Several genera of this tribe, as Schenolirion and Chlorogalum, are restricted, so far as at present known, to the countries immediately touching on our northern boundary. | 6. ANTHERICUM. Anthericum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 422, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 788. Phalangium, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 52. A genus of about fifty species, inhabiting Europe, Tropical and Extratropical Africa, and North and South America. 1. Anthericum flavescens, Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1692; Kunth, Enum. iv. p- 096 ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 318. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Karwinski), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1562). Hb. Kew. 2. Anthericum humboldtii, Hemsley. Anthericum ciliatum, Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 466, non Linn.; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. XV. p. 307. Phalangium ciliatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 276, et vii. t. 676. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 889), — VENEZUELA; Peru. Hb. Kew. LILIACEA, 375 3. Anthericum leptophyllum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 317; Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 164. Echeandia leptophylia, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 629. Hesperanthes leptophylla, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 241. Echeandia graminea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. 2 (reprint, p. 16); Kunth, Enum. iv. p- 699. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 890, pro parte ; Schaffner); Sovrn Mexico, Tehuacan at 5500 feet (Galeotti, 5378), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), Zacoalco, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 659). Hb. Kew. 4. Anthericum nanum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 305.. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 888) ; SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 415; Schaffner, 502), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1329), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1565), Zimapan (Coulter, 1564). Hb. Kew. Var. rude, Baker, l.c. p. 306. Sovran Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 698). Hb. Kew. 5. Anthericum scabrellum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 318. Phalangium scabrellum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 293. Hesperanthes scabrella, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 241. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 890, in part); Sourn Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 6. Anthericum skinneri, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 318. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 7. Anthericum stenocarpum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 317; Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 164. Hesperanthes stenocarpa, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 241. North Mexico, without locality (Gregg), Lerios, Coahuila (Palmer, 2012). Hb. Kew. 8. Anthericum torreyi, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 317. Echeandra terniflora, var. (?) angustifolia, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 219. Hesperanthes torreyi, 8S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 241. Texas ; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, Monterey (Edwards). Hb. Kew. 9, Anthericum vestitum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 307. Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1331). Hb. Kew. 7. ECHEANDIA. Echeandia, Ort. Nov. Pl. Dec. pp. 90 et 135, t. 18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 789. Limited to the following species :— 376 LILIACEZ. 1. Echeandia terniflora, Ort. Nov. Pl. Dec. pp. 90 et 135, t.18; Red. Lil. t. 313; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 627; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 288. Echeandia albiflora et E. henkeana, Kunth, 1. c. pp. 628 et 629. Anthericum reflecum, Cav. Ic. Pl. ii. p. 21, t. 241. . Conanthera echeandia, Pers. Synop. i. p. 370; Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 5, t. 3. Conanthera albiflora, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 50. Echeandia leucantha, Klotzsch ex Kunth, |. c. p. 628. Echeandia albiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 15). Norts Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 890, in part); Soura Mexico, Zimapan (Cowlter, 1561), near Jalapa 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5377), barranca near Santa Fé, near Orizaba, and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 413, 3002, 2307), Orizaba (Bottert), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeott2, 5366) ; GuatreMaLa, Volcan de Fuego at 7000 feet (Salvin).—CoLoMBIA ; VENEZUELA; GUIANA. Hb. Kew. . We have followed Baker in referring all the forms of this genus to one species, because the material we have seen is insufficient for settling the question; yet we think there is more than one species concerned. Salvin’s specimen from Guatemala is a very robust plant, with capsules twice the size of those of any of the Mexican specimens. ~ According to Galeotti, the form albiflora delights in humid localities near Mirador, at an elevation of 3000 feet; while typical ¢erniflora, which has yellow flowers, grows on the trachytic rocks of the volcano of Orizaba at an elevation of 11,000 feet. | 8. GLYPHOSPERMA. Glyphosperma, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviit. p. 164. A Mexican monotype. 1. Glyphosperma palmeri, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 164; Bot. Mag. t. 6717. North Mexico, Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1320). Hb. Kew. 9. HEMIPHYLACUS. Hemiphylacus, 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 165. A Mexican monotype. 1. Hemiphylacus latifolius, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 164. Nortu Mexico, Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1819). Hb. Kew. Tribe XI. JOHNSONIEA. Johnsoniee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 756. Of this tribe there are nine genera and about twenty-four species. All the genera, except the monotypic Aphyllanthes of the Mediterranean region, are endemic in Australia. LILIACEA. 377 Tribe XII. ALLIEZ. Alliee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 756. This tribe numbers about 350 species, referred to twenty-four genera, whereof twelve are monotypic and about six consist of only two or three species, while Aldéwm itself is credited with 250 species. Seventeen of the small genera are restricted to America, many of them to Chili; but, with the exception of Australia, New Zealand, and Polynesia, the members of this tribe are generally dispersed. 10. MILLA. Milla, Cav. Ic. Pl. ii. p. 76, t. 196; Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 799. As limited by S. Watson and Bentham and Hooker, this is a monotypic genus. 1. Milla biflora, Cav. Ic. Pl. ii. p. 76, t. 196; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 478; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 240, et xviii. p. 165; Bot. Reg. t. 1555; Flore des Serres, t. 1459. Diphalangium graminifolium, Schauer in Linnea, xix. p. 702. New Mexico; Sour Arizona.—Norts Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 884; Schaffner); Sovra Mexico, Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 656), Huahuapan, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 66), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 233), Tlalpujahua (Graham, 359), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1545), near Morelia 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5508), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 135). Hb. Kew. Bentham and Hooker retain Diphalangium as a distinct genus near Milla, dif- fering, if correctly described by Schauer, in stature, in the insertion of the stamens, and in the half inferior capsule. 11. BESSERA. Bessera, Schultes in Linna, iv. p. 121; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i, p. 801. A Mexican monotype. 1. Bessera elegans, Schultes in Linnea, iv. p. 121; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 34; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 477; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. p. 373. Pharium fistulosum, Herbert in Bot. Reg. t. 1546. Bessera multiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 14) ; Kunth, Enum, iv. p. 699, Bessera miniata, Lemaire in Flore des Serres, t. 424. SoutH Mzxico, Michoacan, near Arumbaro and Uruapan, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5506), Lagos and Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 12. NOTHOSCORDUM. Northoscordum, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 457; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 802. A genus of ten species, one of which is a native of China, and all the rest of extra- tropical and Andine America. Two of the American species (especially V. fragrans) are naturalized in some parts of the Old World. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 3¢ 378 LILIACEZ. 1. Nothoscordum striatum, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 459; Refug. Bot. v. t. 304; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 165. Allium striatum, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 366; Red. Lil. t. 50; Regel, Allior. Monogr. p. 216; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 581. Ornithogalum bivalve, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 306. CanaDa southward.—NortH Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila and Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1318), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 886; Schaffner, 537), Corallitas River, Sonora (Smith); Soura Mexico, Mixcoax, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 238), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), Ciudad Real, Chiapas (Linden, 1263).—Southward to CHILI - and in the West Inpins. Hb. Kew. 13. ALLIUM. Allium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 409; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 802. About 250 species, widely spread in the temperate and subtropical parts of the northern hemisphere, and extending in Africa as far south as Abyssinia. Those wild in South Africa are introduced European and American species. The greatest con- centration of species is in Turkestan and the adjoining countries. 1. Allium bigelovii, S. Wats. in King’s Rep. v. p. 487, t. 38. figg. 8 et 9, et Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 231. New Mexico; Arizona.—NortH Mexico, within the old boundary near Silver City (Palmer). 2. Allium glandulosum, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. i. p. 33, t.17; Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. vi. p. 293; Regel, Allior. Monogr. p. 230; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 235. Allium longifolium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1034, non Spreng. . Soutn Mexico, near the city of Mexico (Schiede), peak of Orizaba 8500 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 5519; Linden, 243; LInebmann), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1567), near Zimapan (Galeotti, 5510). Hb. Kew. 3. Allium kunthii, Don, Monogr. All. in Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 82; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 453; Regel, Allior. Monogr. p. 94. Schenoprasum lineare, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 277, et vii. p. 441. Soutn Mexico, between Santa Cruz de la Sierra and El Gigante at about 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 4, Allium longifolium, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 38; Don in Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 81; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 450; Regel, Allior. Monogr. p. 231. Scheenoprasum longifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 277. Sour Mexico, near Queretaro at about 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). LILIACEA. 379 5. Allium mutabile, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 195; Don in Mem. Wern, Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 74; Red. Lil. t. 240; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 227; Torrey, Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 217. Allium drummondii et Allium mobilense, Regel, Allior. Monogr. pp. 112 et 121. Norte Carolina and Fioripa to Arkansas and New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Thurber), Presidio del Norte and other places on the Rio Grande (Bigelow). 6. Allium plummera, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 195. Norte Mexico, Tanner’s Cafion, Huachuca Mountains, Southern Arizona (Lemmon). We are not sure whether this locality is south of the Gila, our northern boundary. 7. Allium reticulatum, Nutt. in Fras. Cat. ex Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 217; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. t. 195; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 227. Allium ‘stellatum, var., Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1840. SASKATCHEWAN to Arizona and New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Chihuahua (Wright). 8. Allium scaposum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 26; Regel, Allior. Monogr. p. 94; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 885 ; Schaffner), Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer); Soura Mexico, Guanajuato (Dugés), Aguas Calientes (Hartwegq), Guadalupe, Zacoalco (Bourgeau, 741). Hb. Kew. Tribe XIII. SCILLEZ. Scillee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 758. An exclusively Old-World tribe comprising twenty-one genera and about 360 species, a large proportion of which are concentrated in South Africa. Tribe XIV. TULIPEZ. Tulipee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 759. This tribe is generally dispersed in the temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere. It consists of seven genera and nearly 200 species. The genus Gagea and the larger genus Tulipa are the only ones not represented in North America, where the widely dispersed and familiar genera Lilium and Fritillaria approach, though they are not known to enter our northern boundary. 14. CALOCHORTUS. - Calachortus, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 240; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 820. Cyclobothra, Don in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 278, et ser. 2, t. 20. An exclusively North-American genus, inhabiting the western side chiefly, and ranging from British Columbia southward to South Mexico. Baker defines twenty-one species, which number S. Watson in a later monograph raises to thirty-two, partly by additional species and partly by regarding some of Baker's varieties as distinct species. 3¢2 380 LILIACEZ. 1. Calochortus bonplandianus, Schult. f. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1532; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 267. Calochortus purpureus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 308, pro parte. Cyclobothra purpurea, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 20. Fritillaria purpurea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 288. Cyclobothra propingua, Schauer in Linnza, xix. p. 701. Cyclobothra grandiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18). Sourn Mexico, ruins of Pazcuaro and Morelia (Galeotti, 5512, 5513), without locality (Graham), near Pazcuaro 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. 9. Calochortus flavus, Schult. f. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1535; The Botanist, iv. t. 170; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 308; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 268. Cyclobothra flava, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1662; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 229. Fritillaria barbata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 288, et vii. t. 677. Cyclobothra barbata, Sweet, Fl. Gard. t. 273. Cyclobothra lutea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1663. Calochortus pallidus, Schult. f. in Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1533. Cyclobothra pallida, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1662. Norte Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 891), San Miguelito mountains (Schaffner); South Mexico, Real del Monte and Zimapan (Coulter, 1556, 1557, 1558), Zacoalco, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 657), Chapultepec (Bilimek), Morelia (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 3. Calochortus fuscus, Schult. f. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1534; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 267. . Oyclobothra fusca, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1662; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 230. Mexico (Karwinski). 4. Calochortus ghiesbreghtianus, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 268. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 661). Hb. Kew. 5. Calochortus hartwegii, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 26; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 307; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 267. Cyclobothra hartwegiit, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 231. South Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). 6. Calochortus spatulatus, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. p. 267. Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght). Tribe XV. COLCHICEA. Colchicee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 760. A small tribe of four genera and about forty species, restricted to the northern hemi- — sphere in the Old World. LILIACEA. 381 Tribe XVI. ANGUILLARIEA. Anguillariee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 760. Hight genera, embracing about thirty species, constitute this tribe, which is restricted to the Old World, and almost exclusively to South Africa and Australia, there being a few outliers in the Mediterranean region, Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and India. Tribe XVII. NARTHECIEA. Nartheciee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 760. Twelve genera, numbering thirty-four species, scattered over nearly the whole area of the Order, including the country immediately to the north of Mexico and the Andes of South America. Tribe XVIII. UVULARIEA. Uvulariee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 761. Nine genera with thirty-four species, widely scattered. The exclusively North- American genus Uvularia may yet be found within our limits. Tribe XIX. MEDEOLEA. Medeolee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 762. Six genera, numbering about twenty-five species, confined to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and most numerous in North America, though none has been found to the south of our northern boundary. Tribe XX. VERATREA. Veratree, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 762. Five genera, numbering about thirty-four species, constitute this tribe. Two of the genera and twenty-four or twenty-five of the species are peculiar to North America and the rest to temperate Asia and Europe. | 15. STENANTHIUM. Stenanthium, A. Gray in Ann. Lyc. N. York, iv. p. 119; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 835. Species five, whereof one inhabits the island of Sachalin and the rest North America. 1. Stenanthium frigidum, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 190; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 484. | . Veratrum frigidum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 46; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 53. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba 9000 to 12,500 feet (Linden, 57 ; Galeotti, 5583; Liebmann), Anganguio 9000 feet (Hartweg), near Chalco (Schaffner), San Felipe, Oaxaca (Andrieuxr, 67). Hb. Kew. 382 LILIACEA. 16. ZYGADENUS. Zygadenus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 218, t. 22 (errore Zigadenus) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iil. p. 835. Of this genus twelve species are enumerated, one of which is a native of Siberia, and all the rest of North America. 1. Zygadenus mexicanus, Hemsley. Anticlea mexicana, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 193 ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 483. Helonias virescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 267. Veratrum virescens, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10). Zygadenus volcanicus, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 165, non Benth. Norty Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 892 ; Schaffner) ; Sours Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1563), Cordillera of San Felipe, near Oaxaca, at 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5584; Andrieux, 70). Hb. Kew. 2. Zygadenus porrifolius, Greene ex S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. NortH Mexico, in the Sierra Madre, south of Saltillo (Palmer, 1321). Hb. Kew. 3. Gygadenus volcanicus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 96; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 198. Anticlea volcanica, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. p. 482. GuateMALa, Volcan de Agua at about 11,000 feet (Hartweg, 626). Hb. Kew. We have only seen the original specimen of this species, which is very distinct from Z. mexicanus, with which Watson has confused it. 17. SCHCENOCAULON. Schenocaulon, A. Gray in Ann. Lyc. N. York, iv. p. 127; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 836. A genus peculiar to the Texano-Mexican region and Georgia and Florida, of which five species have been described. 1. Schenocaulon coulteri, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 477. SoutH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1569). Hb. Kew. 2. Schenocaulon drummondii, A. Gr. in Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 388, in nota; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 477; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. | Scheenocaulon teranum, Scheele in Linnea, xxv. p. 262. Trexas.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 882, fide S. Watson). 38. Schenocaulon intermedium, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 477. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 882) ; SoutH Mxxico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1568, 1570). Hb. Kew. Without any reference to Baker’s 8. intermedium, Watson identifies Parry and Palmer’s 882 and Coulter’s 1570 with S. drummondii. Possibly S. intermedium may not be a ey LILIACER, 383 distinct species, but the Kew specimen of Parry and Palmer’s 882 is certainly the same as Coulter’s 1570, the type of Baker’s species. 4, Scheenocaulon officinale, A. Gr. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. pp. 29 et 96; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 476; Bentley & Trimen, Med. Pl. t. 287. Asagrea officinalis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 33; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 184. Veratrum officinale, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 45; Heyne, Arzn. Gewiachse, xiii. t. 27. Helonias officinalis, D. Don in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 1832, p. 234. Asagrea caracasana, Ernst in Journ. Bot. 1871, p. 91, under “ Proceedings of Societies.” Sabadilla officinarum, Brandt in Heyne’s Arzn. Gewichse, xiii. sub t. 27. Asagrea caricifolia, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 666. Veratrum caricifolium, Schl. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hal. 1838, p. 8. Asagrea? tenuifolia, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 700. . Veratrum tenuifolium, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 9). South Mexico, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2282 ; Bottert, 1186), Mirador (Liebmann), Zimapan (Linden, 56), near Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5586); GuaTeMALa, in barrancas (Hartweg), without locality (Skinner). —VewnezveLa. Hb. Kew. Order CXLVIII. PONTEDERIACE. Pontederiacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 836 ; Solms-Laubach in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 501. Bentham and Hooker retain four genera and estimate the number of species at scarcely thirty-five. In Solms-Laubach’s monograph, which appeared very shortly after the last volume of the ‘Genera Plantarum,’ Reussia, referred to Pontederia by Bentham ard Hooker, is regarded as a distinct genus ; but the total number of species described is only twenty-one. They are widely dispersed in warm countries, though most numerous in America, extending northward to Eastern Canada. 1. PONTEDERIA. Pontederia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 399; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 837. Solms distinguishes only two species of this genus and two of Reussia; all restricted to America, and those of Reussia to Brazil and Guiana. 1. Pontederia cordata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 288; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 532 (varietates) ; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 545; Bot. Mag. t.1156; Red. Lil. t. 72; Schnitzl. Iconogr. t. 52. | Pontederia lanceolata, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. i. p. 216; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 126. Eastern Canapa southward.—Mexico, La Antigua and Jalapa, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5562 ; Linden, 54), Misantla (Schiede. & Deppe), Oaxaca (Jurgensen) ; Nicaraeva, San 384 PONTEDERIACEA. Juan (Friedrichsthal).—Southward to Paraguay and Uruevay, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Pontederia rotundifolia, Linn. Suppl. p. 192; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 533 (varietates 2); Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 127. Pontederia cordifolia, Mart. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1147; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 126; Seub. in Mart. FI. Bras. iii. 1, p. 95. . Nicaracua, without locality (Wright ; Lévy, 164).—Southward to Peru and BuENos. AYRES. 9. EICHORNIA. Eichornia, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 129; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 838; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 525. Solms enumerates five species, all of which are American, and one also occurs in Tropical Africa and Madagascar. In America the genus ranges from Nicaragua and the West Indies to Peru and Paraguay. 1. Kichornia azurea, Kunth, Enum. iv. p- 129; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 528; Abhandl. Naturf. Gesell., Halle, vi. p. 177, cum icone; Bot. Mag. t. 6487. Pontederia azurea, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 609. Nicaracua, San Juan (riedrichsthal), Greytown (Tate, 428); Panama, Barbacoas (S. Hayes)—Common nearly all over Tropical and Extratropical Soura America and the Wrst Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 3. HETERANTHERA. Heteranthera, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 9, t. 2, et Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 48, t. 71; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 838; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 516. Species nine, covering the whole area of the order in America and Tropical Africa. 1. Heteranthera graminea, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 45; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 517; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 120. Leptanthus gramineus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 25, t. 5. fig. 2; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 94. Schollera graminifolia, Willd. in Neue Schriften Gesell. Naturf. Freunde, Berlin, iii. p. 438 ; Torrey, Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 223. Schollera graminea, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 545. Commelina dubia, Jacq. Obs. iti. p. 9, t. 59. CANADA and OrEeGon to Trxas and CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, near Matamoros in Tamaulipas (Schott). 2. Heteranthera limosa, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 44; Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 518; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 90; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Nérthern U.S. PONTEDERIACEZA. 385 ed. 5, p. 545; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p- 25; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166; Bot. Mag. t. 6192. Pontederia limosa, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 611. Heteranthera alismoides, Humb. et Bonpl. in Link Jahrb. iii. p. 78. Leptanthus ovalis, Michx. Fl). Bor.-Am. i. p. 25, t. 5. fig. 1. Vireinia and ILuinois southward.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer), Morales (Schaffner); Soura Muxico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 457), Zacuapan, Vera Cruz (Linden, 55); Nicaraeva, without locality (Lévy)—CotomsBia to Paraguay, and in the West Inpins Hb. Kew. 3. Heteranthera mexicana, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. Nortu Mexico, Juraz on the Sabinas River, Coahuila (Palmer, 1324). Hb. Kew. 4, Heteranthera reniformis, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i. p. 43, t. 71; Solms in Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 519; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 545. Heterandra reniforme, Beauv. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. iv. p. 173, cum icone. Buchosia aquatica, Vel. Fl. Flum. i. t. 80. Leptanthus reniformis, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 24. Heteranthera pubescens, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 43, ex, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, - 11). Hatorentiera acuta, Vahl, l.c. p. 42. New York and ILLinois southward.—GuatemaLa (Friedrichsthal); VENEZUELA to ARGENTINA. B. peduncularis, Solms in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iv. p. 520; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 25 (species). Heteranthera reniformis, var. multiflora, Griseb. in Abhandl. K. Gesell. Wiss. Guett. xxiv. p. 323. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca ((aleotti, 5364), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3284); GuaTEMaLa, Alta Vera Paz (Tiirckheim, 394), Izabal (Bernoulli, 901) ; Nicaracua (Zate, 429); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 294), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 329).—CoLomBia to ArcENTINA. Hb. Kew. [This is the position of the Philydracew, an order consisting of three genera and four species inhabiting Australia, Polynesia, and Eastern Asia; of the Xyridew, comprising two genera and between forty and fifty species, widely dispersed in the warmer regions, both of the Old World and America, and ranging in the latter country from New J ersey through the Eastern States to Florida and Georgia, the West Indies, and in South America from Venezuela and Guiana to Peru and Brazil, though hitherto no member of the order has been found within our limits; and of the Mayacee, an order of one genus, Mayaca, of which about seven species are known, one inhabiting North America, from North Carolina to Florida, another the West Indies, and the rest South America. | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. | 8d , 386 COMMELINACEA. Order CXLIX. COMMELINACEZ. Commelinacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 844; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 115. Of this order there are twenty-five genera and upwards of 300 species, which are widely dispersed in the warmer regions of both hemispheres; a few inhabit temperate regions in North America, Asia, Africa, and Australia, but the order is unrepresented in Europe. 1. ATHYROCARPUS. Athyrocarpus, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 454; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 847. Pheospherion, Hassk. in Flora, 1866, p. 212; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 135. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of four species. 1. Athyrocarpus leiocarpus, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 847. (Tab. XCV. figg. 1-11.) Pheospherion leiocarpum, Hassk. in Flora, 1866, p. 212; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 187. - Commelina ? letocarpa, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 176. Commelina pallida, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 454, non Willd. Sour Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Coulter, 1595), near Cordova (Bourgeau, 1480), region of Orizaba (Botteri, 522); Honpuras, Tiger Island, Gulf of Fonesca (Sinclair). _— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCV. Fiee. 1-11. Fig. 1, a branch of Athyrocarpus leiocarpus (Pheospherion), natural size; 2, raceme of flowers removed from an upper spathe; 3, one of the fertile stamens ; 4, one of the sterile stamens ; 5, pistil; 6, capsule (white, crustaceous, and shining) ; 7, horizontal section of the capsule ; 8, vertical section of the capsule in a plane through the dorsal and one of the ventral cells ; 9 and 10, seed from the dorsal cell seen from the side 3; 11, the same seed, showing the ventral hilum : all more or less enlarged. 2. Athyrocarpus persicarizfolius, Hemsley. Pheospherion persicariefolium, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 137, t. 5. fig. 2. Commelina persicariefolia, DC. in Red. Lil. viii. t. 472 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 525. Panama, Chagres. (Fendler, 454).—Cotomsia to Perv, Gurana, Brazit, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. COMMELINA. Commelina, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 62; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 847. This genus has about the same range as the whole order, and comprises about ninety species. COMMELINACEA. 387 1. Commelina acuminata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 258; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 152; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 41. Sourn Mexico, San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1598), without locality (Ehrenberg ; Uhde), Santa Rosa de la Sierra (Humboldt & Bonpland); Guats- MALA, without locality (Savage). Hb. Kew. 2. Commelina celestis, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. i. p. 69; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 153; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 3. Commelina tuberosa, Red. Lil. t. 108, non Linn. Commelina intermedia, Schl. in Linnea, xxiv. p. 655. Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2583), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 4956), valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 491), without locality (Bates; Graham), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 422). Hb. Kew. B. bourgeaui, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p, 153. SoutH Mexico, Rio Blanco near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3001). Hb. Kew. 3. Commelina dianthifolia, DC. in Red. Lil. vii. t. 390; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 151 (‘‘var. polyspatha, Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 224, est C. dianthifolia, DC. typ.,” C. B. Clarke). Commelina linearis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 27. New Mezxico.—MeExico, Guadalupe near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 521), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 237), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1600). Hb. Kew. 4, Commelina dubia, DC. in Red. Lil. vi. t. 359; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 150. Mexico? Cultivated specimens only in Kew herbarium. 5. Commelina elliptica, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 259; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 154. Commelina scapigera, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 46. Commelina variabilis, Schl. Hort. Halens. Ic. p. 13, t. 7. Commelina orchioides, Booth, in Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. p. 53. Commelina karwinskii, Mart. Hort. Monac. Seminif. 1839, ad calcem, ex Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 660. South Mexico, Real del Monte at 8000 feet (Coulter, 1596 ; Galeotti, 4946), and numerous cultivated specimens. Hb. Kew. 6. Commelina erecta, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 41; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 181. Nortu Carouina to Lovisrana and Texas.—Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1597).—Pzrv ; Nortu Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Commelina graminifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 258; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 152; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. Commelina angustifolia, Reichb. Ic. Bot. Exot. ii. p. 17, t. 142, non Michx. 342 388 COMMELINACEA, SoutH Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra and Los Joares at about 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Zimapan (Coulter, 1598, 1599, 1601). Hb. Kew. 8. stricta, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. p- 388 (species) ; Reichb. Ic. Bot. Exot. ii. p. 17, t. 144. SourH Mexico, without locality (Graham, 352; Uhde), San Nicolas, near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1022, pro parte). Hb. Kew. y. clandestina, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 46 (species). Mexico? Cultivated specimens in Kew herbarium. 8. Commelina leiandra, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 150, non Benth. Tradescantia leiandra (errore biandra), Torr. Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 224. Nort Mexico, in mountains bordering on Texas (Wright, 700 partim). Hb. Kew. S. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 167) states that the specimens in the Gray herbarium (Harvard) of Wright’s 700 belong to Commelina dianthifolia and Trade- scantia leiandra, Torr., which is a true Tradescantia. 9. Commelina monticola, Seub. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 264 ; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 162. B. vestita, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Seub. 1. c. (species). Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—Cotompia to Perv and Brazi. 10. Commelina pallida, Willd. Hort. Berol. ii. p. 87, t. 87, non Schl.; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 151. Commelina rubens, Red. Lil. vii. t. 367. Commelina decumbens, E. Meyer in Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 186? Sour Mexico, Zacoalco, near Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 648, 738), without locality (Aschenborn). Hb. Kew. Var. parviflora, C. B. Clarke 1. c. (Pavon MS., species, nec Link). Mexico, without locality (Pavon; Uhde, 184). 11. Commelina quitensis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 258; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 156. y: cardiosepala, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Kunze in Linnea, xx. p. 9 (species). SoutH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schmitz), Chapultepec (Bilimek, 438); Costa Rica (Hoffmann). Hb. Kew. The forms « and B are from Peru and Bolivia. 12. Commelina rosea, Schl. Ind. Sem. Hort. Halens. 1838, p. 7, et 1839, p. 9; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 193. MEXIco, A doubtful plant ;. perhaps not a species of Commelina. COMMELINACE. 389 13. Commelina scabra, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 26; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 153. Commelina ehrenbergiana, Otto in Link, Klotsch, & Otto Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Bot. Berol. p. 75, t. 30 (C. scabra in textu). Commelina carnea, Schl. Ind. Sem. Hort. Halens. 1839, p. 9, adn. Sourp Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg), near Regla (Ehrenberg), without locality (Parkinson). Ub. Kew. 14, Commelina tuberosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 41; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 149; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 399; Schnizl. Iconogr. t. 48. Commelina parviflora, Reichb. Fl. Exot. u. p. 17, t. 142, non Link. Commelina undulata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1558, non R. Br. South Mexico, Pedregal and region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 647, 649, 2806). Hb. Kew. 15. Commelina virginica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 61; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 182 (varietates w—-e); A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. 8. ed. 5, p. 546. Commelina elegans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 259; Seub. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 263, t. 37. fig. 2. Commelina caripensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 260. Commelina sulcata, Hoffmannsegg in Link, Jahrb. iti. p. 74, ex Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. Mant. p- 94. Commelina deficiens, Hook. Bot. Mag. 2644. Commelina auriculata, KH. Meyer in Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 137. An exceedingly common species, ranging from New York, I..nois, and MICHIGAN, southward through Mexico, CenTraL America, and the West Inpigs to Paraguay and Urvevuay. Hb. Kew. [The large and widely-spread genus Aneilema does not appear to be represented within our geographical limits. | 3. DICHOBISANDEA. Clarke in 1 Monogr. Phanerog. iil. p. 272, This genus is restricted to America and chiefly to Brazil, ranging from Mexico to South Brazil. ‘Twenty-eight species are described by Clarke. 1. Dichorisandra aubletiana, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1181; ©. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 273 (varietates ae). Commelina hexandra, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 35, t. 12. Tradescantia divaricata, Vahl, Eclog. Amer. i. p. 34. e. persicarizfolia, C. B. Clarke, 1. c. p. 274. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—Cotomaia to Norta Braziu. 390 COMMELINACEZ. _ As defined by Clarke the species has a very wide range in Tropical America, including the West Indies. 2. Dichorisandra mexicana, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 140; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 284. Mexico (Pres). | 3. Dichorisandra ovalifolia, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 140; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iil. p. 279. Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy); Panama (Presl).—Co.oMBIa. 4, TINANTIA. Tinantia, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1839, p. 8365; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 853. An exclusively American genus of three species, the third inhabiting Venezuela and North Brazil. 1. Tinantia anomala, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 287. Tradescantia anomala, Torrey, Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 287. Texas.—MExico ? It is not quite clear whether Clarke has seen Mexican specimens or whether he regarded Texas in a broad sense as belonging to Mexico. 2. Tinantia fugax, Scheidw. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1839, p. 366; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 285 (varietates). Tradescantia undulata, Vahl in Act. Soc. Hafn. i. p. 27, t. 3. Tradescantia bifida, Roth, Cat. Bot. 1. p. 42. Tradescantia commelina, Neuenh. in Reem. Arch. i. 2, p. 24. Tinantia undata, Schl. in Linnea, xxv. p. 185; Bot. Reg. t. 1403. - Tradescantia erecta, Cav. Ic. Pl. i. p. 53, t. 74; Jacq. Collect. iv. p. 118, et Ic. Pl. Rar. i. t. 354; Red. Lil. iv. t. 239; Bot. Mag. t. 1340. Tradescantia umbellata, Vahl, Eclog. Amer. iii. p. 7, non Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 524, Tradescantia latifolia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. iii. p. 44, t. 272 (anal. excepta) ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1300. MississIPPi; On10.—MeExico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1609), near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3000), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 679), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 890), without localities (Halsted; Graham, 351; Bates); Guatumaa, Volcan de Fuego 8300 feet (Salvin).—Southward to Perv, Botivia, and BraziL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. Introduced in Angola and North India. 5, TRADESCANTIA. Tradescantia, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 398; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 853; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 287. A genus of thirty-two species, restricted to America, and ranging from Canada to Buenos Ayres. COMMELINACEA. $91 1. Tradescantia amplexicaulis, Klotzsch, ex C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 304. Tradescantia multiflora, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 96, pro parte, non Swartz. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 531, 892), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1607), Chiapas ((Ghiesbreght, 887); GuateMaLa, Volcan de Fuego at 7000 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Tradescantia andrieuxii, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 291. . Sourn Mexico, Tequisixtlan, between Oaxaca and Tehuantepec (Andrieur, 53). Hb. Kew. 8. Tradescantia commelinoides, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1176; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 295. (Tab. XCVI. figg. 12-18.) Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 965), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 685), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1872); Honpuras (Armstrong). Hb. Kew. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCVI. Fiee. 12-18. Fig. 12, portion of a plant of Tradescantia commelinoides, natural size; 18, an expanded flower ; 14 and 15, stamens ; 16, a hair from the filament; 17, pistil; 18, a seed: all enlarged. 8. rotundifolia, C. B. Clarke, 1. c. p. 296. Costa Rica (Hoffmann): Panama (Pavon). “4, Tradescantia crassifolia, Cav. Ic. Pl. i. p. 54, t. 75; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 293; Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 58; Bot. Mag. t. 1598. Tradescantia herba-ratti, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 699. Tradescantia lanuginosa, Hassk. Commel. Ind. p. 67. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre, Coahuila (Palmer, 2016), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 (Parry & Palmer, 902); South Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieux, 52), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 236), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 701), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 824), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1591), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 421). Hb. Kew. B. glabrata, C. B. Clarke, in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 293. Tradescantia speciosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 263, non Linn. Suppl. Tradescantia humboldtiana, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1172. SoutH Mexico, near Chapultepec at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). y. acaulis, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad, Brux. ix. (reprint, p- 4) (species). Tradescantia iridescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 86, et 1840, t. 34; Schl. Hort. Hal. t. 11. Sout Mexico, Cerro Ventosa, Real del Monte 7500 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 4943), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 892 COMMELINACE, 5. Tradescantia crassula, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 13, t. 7; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 293; Bot. Mag. t. 2935 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1560. Mexico, without locality (Bates).—Braziu. Hb. Kew. This plant was cultivated on its first introduction, and it is probable that it was erroneously reported from Mexico, for the only localized specimens we have seen are from Brazil. 6. Tradescantia cumanensis, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 96; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 306. Commelina floribunda, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 260. Descantaria, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 140. Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2582); GuareMaLa, Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 469); Costa Rica (Hoffmann); Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 451), Empire station (S. Hayes, 318).—Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. ce glabrior, C. B. Clarke, 1. c. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 452).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. a“ 7. Tradescantia disgrega, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 305; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 305. Tradescantia ehrenbergiana, Klotzsch et Disgrega mexicana, Hassk. ex C. B. Clarke, 1. c. Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 966), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 888 ; Bilimek, 436), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1608); Guarema.a (Salvin). Hb. Kew. L- 8. Tradescantia elongata, G. F. W. Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 146; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 303. Tradescantia congesta, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 6). SoutH Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 4949); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes, 319).—Southward to Burnos Ayres. Hb. Kew. 6. diuretica, C. B. Clarke, 1.c.; Mart. Reise Bras. i. p. 281 (species). GuaTEeMaLa (Skinner).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. y: triandra, C. B. Clarke, 1. c. p. 304; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 93 (species). COLOMBIA. >. schlechtendalii, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Kunth, 1. c. p. 94 (species). Tradescantia mexicana, Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 43. Commelina mexicana, Meyer in Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 1387? South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe); Panama (Hinds). Hb. Kew. 7 i 9, Tradescantia geniculata, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 94, t. 64; C. B, Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 300; Seub. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 251, t. 34, COMMELINACEA, 393 Tradescantia floribunda, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 89. Tradescaniia triflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 5). Sourh Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 4948, 4954).—Widely spread in Tropical Sourm America and the West Ivpizs, and occurring in the SANDWICH ISLANDS. p. schiedeana, C. B. Clarke, in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 301; Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 90 (species). - SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte and Jalapa (Coulter, 1605), Jalapa (Linden, 5). Kew. y. kunthiana, C. B. Clarke, 1. c.; Seub. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 252 (species). Tradescantia decumbens, Klotzsch in Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 316. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 453).— VENEZUELA to Braziu. Hb. Kew. 8. botterii, C. B. Clarke, 1. c. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 960, 962). Hb. Kew. 10. Tradescantia holosericea, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 92; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 302. Tradescantia galeottiana, Kunth, 1. c. p. 696. Tradescanitia floribunda, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 6). SourH Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 481), San Felipe (Andrieux, 54), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 4952). Hb. Kew. B. dracenoides, C. B. Clarke, 1. e. Dichorisandra longifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7). SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca ((hiesbreght), Cerro de San Andres, Oaxaca 8000 to 9000 feet (Galeottz, 5585). Hb. Kew. 11. Tradescantia karwinskyana, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1165; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 299; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 166. | Nort Mexico, in the Sierra Madre, south of Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1325), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 525; Parry & Palmer, 900); Soutn Mexico, between Vera Cruz and Orizaba (Miiller, 1607), Zimapan (Coulter, 1604), near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2667). Hb. Kew. 12. Tradescantia laxiflora, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. P 307. Sourn Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieus, 51). 13. Tradescantia leiandra, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 225; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 167. Zebrina ? leiandra, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 318. New Mexico; Texas.—Norra Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 2014). Hb. Kew 14. Tradescantia linearis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 27; C. B. Clarke in DC, Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 298; S. Wats, in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 167. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 3 394 COMMELINACEZ. New Mexico; Texas.—Norra Mexico, Rinconada (Edwards), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Palmer & Parry, 901); Sourn Mexico, without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. B. graminifolia, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 299; Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. p. 377 (reprint, p. 5), species. Sour Mexico, Jesus del Monte near Morelia (Galeotti, 4941). Hb. Kew. 15. Tradescantia micrantha, Torr. in Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 224; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 309. Nort Mexico, on the Lower Rio Grande (Schoét). This may have been collected on the Texas side of the river. 16. Tradescantia minuta, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 307. Mexico (Uhde). A sketch only in Kew Herbarium. 17. Tradescantia nana, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3); C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 308. Sourn Mexico, Cerro de San Felipe, north of Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 4953), near Oaxaca (Sallé). Hb. Kew. 18. Tradescantia pulchella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 262, vii. t. 673 ; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 297. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 900) ; Sout Mexico, Pedregal, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 420), Zimapan (Coulter, 1606), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1607), without locality (Graham, 354; Bates).—CoLoMBIA. Hb. Kew. | 19. Tradescantia velutina, Kunth et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1848, p. 12; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 292. Guatemala ( Warscewicz). 20. Tradescantia venustula, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iv. p. 87; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 298. _Tradescantia rhodantha, Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 226. Norts Mexico, near Chihuahua (Potts), Coralitas, Chihuahua (Thurber). Hb. Kew. [The widely-spread 7. virginica, Linn., is common on the border of Mexico in Texas, but we have seen no Mexican specimens. | 21. Tradescantia warscewicziana, Kunth et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1847, Add. p. 11; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. iii. p. 8302; Bot. Mag. t. 5188. Dichorisandra warscewicziana, Planch. Hort. Donat. p. 30. GUATEMALA (ex Kunth & Bouché). COMMELINACEA. 395 | 6. CALLISIA. Callisia, Linn. in Loefl. Itin. p. 305, et Gen. Plant. n. 63; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 854. Four herbaceous species restricted to Tropical America, and ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Bolivia and Brazil. 1. Callisia insignis, C. B. Clarke in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Mex. iii. p. 56; DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 311; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p.167. (Tab. XCV. figg. 12-21.) Nort Mexico, near Morales, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 522); SoutH Mexico, near Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 889). Hb. Kew. DESCRIPTION OF TAB. XCV. Fiee. 12-21. Fig. 12, portion of a plant of Callisia insignis, natural size. 13, a flower; 14,a petal; 15, astamen; 16, an ovary with the style; 17, a capsule; 18, horizontal section of a dehiscing capsule; 19, vertical section of capsule; 20, back view of a seed; 21, front view of a seed, the hilum short, linear, almost dot-like: all more or less enlarged. 2. Callisia martensiana, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 312. Tradescantia martensiana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iv. p. 697; Bot. Mag. t. 4849. Commelina multiflora, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3). Sours Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2095), Jalapa at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 4964; Linden, 4), Orizaba (Botteri, 964); GuaTemata (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 3. Callisia repens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 62; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 524; Lam. Ill. Pl. t. 35. fig. 1; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 310. Hapalanthus repens, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Am. p. 11, t. 11. Tradescantia callisia, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 603. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 537), Yucatan (Schott); GuaTEMALA, cultivated ground (Bernoulli, 201).—VEnezveLA to Peru and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 4, Callisia umbellulata, Lam. Ill. Pl. i. p. 180, t. 35. fig. 2; Schl. in Linnea, xxv. pp. 618-621; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 312. Callisia morandra, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1178 in adnot. Callisia delicatula, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iv. p. 63; Mart. Fl. Bras. i. 1, p. 257, t. 35. South Mextco, Orizaba (Botteri, 967), near Cordova (Bourgeau, 1683); Nicaragua (Tate, 450)—VENEZUELA to Braziu and in the West Indies. Hb. Kew. 7. SPIRONEMA. Spironema, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 47, et Misc. p. 26; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 854, A Mexican herbaceous monotype. 1. Spironema fragrans, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 47; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ili. p. 313. Spironema orthandrum, Lindberg in Act. Soc. Fennic. x. p. 127, t. 4. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2096). Hb. Kew. 3¢2 396 COMMELINACEZ. 8. CAMPELIA. . Campelia, L. C. Rich in Demoust. Bot. ou Anal. Fr. p. 46; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 855. This genus is also monotypic and herbaceous. 1. Campelia zanonia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 264; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 314. Campelia mexicana, Mart.; Kunth, Enum. Pl. p. 109; Regel, Gartenfl. 1875, t. 833. South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 917), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2097); Nica- RaGua, Chontales (Tate, 333, 453); Panama, Empire railway-station (8. Hayes, 331).— Southward to Braziu and in the Wust Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 9. RHQO. Rheo, Hance; Walp. Ann. iii. p.659; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 855. 1. Rheeo discolor, Hance in Walp. Ann. iii. p. 660; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 316 (errore Rheo). Tradescantia discolor, L’ Hérit. Sert. Angl. p. 8, t. 12; Smith, Ic. Pict. Pl. Rar. t. 10; Bot. Mag. tt. 1192 et 5079; Redouté, Lil. iii. t. 168; Refug. Bot. t. 48; Flore des Serres, t. 1169-70. Tradescantia spathacea, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 57. Ephemerum bicolor, Mcench. Hort. Marb. Suppl. p. 78. Mexico (ex Kunth).—West Inpius. No Mexican specimens in Kew Herbarium, and most of them from cultivated plants. It is commonly cultivated in warm countries, and has become wild in some places in the Old World. 10. LEPTORHGO. Leptorheo, C. B. Clarke in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. (April 1880) p. 55, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ill. p.317; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 856. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Leptorheo filiformis, C. B. Clarke in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. (April 1880) p. 55, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 317. (Tab. XCVI. figg. 1-11.) Tradescantia filiformis, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 5). Aneilema floribundum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 311. SourH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 4957); Nicaragua, island of Omotepé (Lévy, 202), without locality (Zate, 11, 451); Panama (Seemann, 278).—VENEZUELA to Brazit. Hb. Kew. By some slip Clarke attributes to us the species of this genus, though we had pre- viously published it as his, with his diagnosis; and Bentham and Hooker erroneously cite us as the authority for the genus. EXPLANATION OF TAB. XCVI. Fiee. 1-11. Fig. 1, portion of a plant of Leptorhwo filiformis, natural size. 2, a flower-bud; 8, an expanded flower; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, pistil; 7, capsule; 8, vertical section of the same; 9, cross section; 10, dorsal view of a seed; 11, ventral view of the same: all enlarged. COMMELINACEZ. 397 11. ZEBRINA. Zebrina, Schnizl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 870; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 856. Apparently monotypic, for although Clarke doubtfully proposes a second species founded on Tradescantia leiandra, var. brevifolia, Torrey (Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 225), S. Watson asserts (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 167) that the plant in question is a genuine Tradescantia. 1. Zebrina pendula, Schnizl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 870; Dene. in Revue Horti- cole, 1855, p. 141, t. 8; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 318. Cyanotis vittata, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. p. 189. Cyanotis zebrina, Nees in Delect. Sem. Hort. Vratislav. 1850. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2854). Hb. Kew. 12. WELDENTA. Weldenia, Schultes f. in Flora, 1829, p. 8, t.14; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 856. An herbaceous monotype. 1. Weldenia candida, Schultes f. in Flora, 1829, p. 3, t.1a; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 319. Weldenia schultesii, Schl. Hort. Hal. p. 14. Lampra volcanica, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 95; Hook. Ic. Pl. xiii. p. 28, t. 1236. South Mexico, between Chico and Real del Monte (Ehrenberg), Nevado de Toluca (Karwinski), Cuesta de Catinga (Schiede); Guatemata, Volcan de Agua at 14,000 feet (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. [The RapaTeace# are a small order comprising six genera and about twenty species, restricted to Tropical America and ranging from Brazil to the border of Venezuela; and the FLAGELLARIE# are a small order of three genera and about eight species, natives of the warmer parts of the Old World. ] Order CL. JUNCACE. Juncacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 861. Including the peculiarly Australian tribes Xerotee and Calectasiex, this order numbers fourteen genera and about 200 species. 1. JUNCUS. Juncus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 437, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 867. — Nearly 200 species have been described, but many of them are spurious, and Bentham and Hooker estimate that there is probably not more than half that number of distinct 398 JUNCACEZ. species. The genus is very commonly represented in nearly all temperate and frigid regions; it is also found within the tropics, and some of the species are generally dispersed. 1. Juncus acuminatus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p.192; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 462 (varietates plures); Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. p. 2; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 169; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 041. Juncus radicans, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 442, fide Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1878, iii. p. 343, et Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. p. 38. . Juncus debilis, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 2, 1856, p. 480. New Jersey southward.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Schott), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 893, 895); Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1955), Jalapa (Linden, 84, 86), without locality (Bates). Hb. Kew. 2. Juncus balticus, Willd. Berl. Magaz. 1809, iii. p. 298; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. pp. 7 et 617; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 462, pro parte; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 167. New Eneanp southward and westward.—Nortu Mexico, Sonora (Wright), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner); South Mexico, Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 207).—NortHERN EvRopre. Hb. Kew. 3. Juncus brevifolius, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 40; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 298; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. p. 8, et in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1873, iii. p. 340. Sout Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Leebmann). Hb. Kew. 4, Juncus bufonius, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 328; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 451; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xvii. p. 168. Nort Mexico, Sonora (Thurber), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 556; Parry & Palmer, 896). Very widely dispersed, though often existing only as a colonist. 5. Juncus effusus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 326; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. pp. 443 et 491; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. pp. 17 et 96; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 537. Juncus communis, E. Mey. Junci Gen. Monogr. Specim. 1819, p. 20. Juncus conglomeratus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 326. Mexico, Misantla and Chinantla (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2592), near Regla at 6500 feet (Galeotti, 5817), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1953). Hb. Kew. This species is almost ubiquitous. JUNCACEA. 399 6. Juncus marginatus, Rostk. Diss. de Junco, 1801, p. 38; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. June. p. 28; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 455 (varietates) ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 539. Juncus canaliculatus, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 43; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 304; Buchenau in Abhand!. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1873, iii. p. 343, et Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. p- ll. New Evetanp to Intiwois and southward.—Norru Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 893, 895; Schaffner, 552, 553). Hb. Kew. 7. Juncus mexicanus, Willd. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 1, p. 178; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. p. 30, et in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, vi. pp. 363 et 386. Juncus compressus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 285. Juncus complanatus, J. A. et J. H. Schultes in Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. 1, p. 185. Juncus orizabe, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 89; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 297. SoutH Mexico, Volcan de Orizaba at 12,000 feet (Liebmann), near Chapultepec, San Augustin de las Cuevas and Real del Monte at 7200 to 8250 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland).—Also in Curt, according to Buchenau. 8. Juncus nodosus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 466; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. p. 33; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 471 (varietates) ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 168. Canapa southward.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 551). Hb. Kew. Engelmann (J. ¢.) states that this species ranges all over North America, except the south-eastern States and Mexico, but it has since been found in the latter country. 9. Juncus tenuis, Willd. ; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. June. p. 45, et in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, vi. p. 381; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 450; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Sc. xviii. p. 168; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 540. New EneLanD southward.—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 894 ; Schaffner, 555); South Mexico, Talea, Chinantla, and Hacienda de Castresana, 7500 feet (Liebmann).—Also widely spread in SourH America as well as Europe. Hb. Kew. 10. Juncus trinervis, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 40; Buchenau in Krit. Verzeichn. Junc. pp. 47 et 86; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 298. Juncus ebracteatus, EH. Mey. Syn. June. 1822, p. 28, fide Buchenau, loc. cit. SourH Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 1584), Hacienda de Castresana, 7500 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Juncus xiphioides, FE. Mey. Syn. Junc. 1822, p. 50; Buchenau, Krit. Ver- zeichn. Junc. pp. 48 et 74; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, ii. p. 481; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. CanaDA southward.—Norta Mexico, Morales (Schaffner, 549), region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 897). Hb. Kew. 400 JUNCACEZ. 2. LUZULA. Luzula, DC. Fl, Franc. iii. p.158; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 868; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. June. Upwards of fifty species have been proposed; but Bentham and Hooker estimate the number at about twenty-six. Buchenau, however, while reducing a great many, retains considerably more than half of them. 1. Luzula caricina, E. Mey. in Linnea, xxii. p. 418; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 294; Buchenau, Krit. Verzeichn. June. p. 52. Luzula barbata, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 45; Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1878, iii. p. 345. Sour Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5757), Volcan de Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Luzula denticulata, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 46; Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1873, iii. p. 343, et Krit. Verzeichn. June. p. 53. SoutH Mexico, Vaqueria del Jacale, peak of Orizaba 10,000 feet (Ziebmann). Hb. Kew. 8. Luzula gigantea, Desv. in Journ. de Bot. Par. 1808, i. p. 145; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 291; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. viii. t. 697. Luzula letevirens, Liebm., et L. latifolia, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, pp. 46 et 47; Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1873, iii. p. 847, et 1879, vi. p. 418, et Krit. Verzeichn. June. p. 55. SoutH Mexico, Volcan de Orizaba at 10,000 feet, and Cumbre de Ixtepec, Oaxaca, 10,000 feet (Liebmann); GuateMaLa, without locality (Godman & Salvin).—CoLOMBIA and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 4. Luzula racemosa, Desv. in Journ. de Bot. Par. 1808, i. p. 162, t. 6. fig. 1; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. p. 294; Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1873, ili, p. 344, et iv. p. 129, et 1879, vi. p. 415, t. 4. Luzula vulcanica, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 44. Luzula spicata, DC., y. interrupta, Schl. in Linnea, xxii. p. 415. Luzula interrupta, Desv. in Journ. de Bot. Par. 1808, i. p. 163. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba 10,000 to 14,000 feet (Liebmann; Linden, 92; Galeotti, 5765); GuareMa.a, north peak, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 254).— CoLomBia to Cuiti. Hb. Kew. Order CLI. PALM. Palme, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 870. About 140 genera, comprising some 1100 species, a very large proportion of which are still very imperfectly known. ‘hey are spread all over the tropics; much less com- mon in subtropical regions, and only a few solitary outliers occur in temperate regions, PALMA. 401 1. EUTERPE. Euterpe, Geertn. Fruct. i. p. 24 (excl. citat. Rumphii), t. 9. fig. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti p. 896. About eight species are known; they inhabit Tropical America and the West Indies. 1. Euterpe leucospadix, Wendl. ined.? GUATEMALA, near Yzabal (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 2. Kuterpe longepetiolata, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 32. Costa Rica, eastern declivity of the Cordillera, in the neighbourhood of Turrialba, at an altitude of 3000 feet (@rsted). 3. Euterpe macrospadix, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 31. NicaRaava, in the primeval forests on the banks of the San Juan, near Sarapiqui (Grsted). 2. OREODOXA. Oreodoxa, Willd. in Mem. Acad. Berl. 1804, p. 34; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 899. A wholly Tropical-American genus of five described species. 1. Oreodoxa regia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 305; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 168, t. 156; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 182; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 517; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. PANAMA, common about Cruces, Gorgona, and San Juan (Seemann).—CuBa, ANTIaUA, and other West-Indian Islands. 3. SOCRATEA. Socratea, Karst. in Linnea, xxviii. p. 263; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 900. Three or five species, according to different authors, inhabiting Brazil, Colombia, and Central America. 1. Socratea exorrhiza, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p, 257. Iriartea exorrhiza, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 36, tt. 33 et 84; Kunth, Enum. Pl, iu. p. 194; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. Panama, in woods (Seemann).—Co.LomB1 to BRAZIL. 9. Socratea durissima, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p, 257. Iriartea durissima, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 30. Nicaracua, in the primeval forests on the banks of the San Juan (@rsted). 4, WETTINIA. Wettinia, Poepp. in Endl. Gen. Plant. p. 243; Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 39, tt. 153, 154; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 902. Besides the following doubtful species, there is one, or perhaps two, species in the Andes of Peru. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL., February 1885. 3f 402 PALMA, | 1. Wettinia, sp.?, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 902. Panama (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 5. MALORTIEA. Malortiea, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant, * | iii. p. 906. This genus is limited to Central America; and Bentham and Hooker record the number of species as five, which was probably a slip for three. 1. Malortiea gracilis, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 26; Bot. Mag. t. 5291. . GuaTEMALA (Wendland). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. A specimen in the Kew Herbarium from Chontales, Nicaragua (Tate, 380), is perhaps the same species. 2. Malortiea latisecta, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 144. ) ; Costa Rica, near Sarapiqui (Wendland). A specimen in the Kew Herbarium, labelled Malortiea intermedia in the hand- writing of Wendland himself, is probably this species. 3. Malortiea simplex, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p. 5; Bot. Mag. t. 5247. Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 161) ; Costa Rica, on the eastern side (riedrichsthal). Hb. Kew. 6. REINHARDTIA. Reinhardtia, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Selsk. 1846, p. 9 (nomen tantum); Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 311; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 906. An exclusively Mexican genus, of which we have seen only one species. 1. Reinhardtia elegans, Liebm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 311; Walp. Ann. ili. p. 459. | Sourn Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 760), Cumbre de Teotal- cingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. In the Kew Herbarium there is a specimen of this palm bearing a different specific name, in the handwriting of Liebmann, from the one he subsequently published. In the ‘Genera Plantarum’ the specimens are treated as belonging to three species. 7. CHAMZEDOREA. Chamedorea, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 638; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 910; Drude in Mart. Fl. Bras, iii. 2, p. 528. Nunnezharia, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. p. 147, t. 31. Nunnezia, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 1154. PALMA. | 408 _. A genus peculiar to America, comprising some sixty species, ranging from Mexico to Peru, but most numerous in Mexico and Central America. - - 1, Chameedorea affinis, Liebm. in Mart. Nat. Hist. Palm. iii. p. 308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457. Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) affinis, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 17. Souta Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann), Monte de Tepitonga and Tonaguia, Comaltepec (Jurgensen, 535). Hb. Kew. _ 2, Chamedorea (Stephanostachys) alternans, Wendl. in Regel’s Garten- flora, 1880, p. 104. ~ Sourw Mexico, Chiapas, imported and cultivated by Mr. Linden of Ghent. 3. Chameedorea arenbergiana, Wendl. fide CErsted in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, -p. 30, et Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 911. Spathoscaphe arenbergiana, Girst. 1. c., et L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 7. figg. 29-37. CENTRAL AMERICA. Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. 4, Chameedorea (Euchamedorea?) bifurcata, Qirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 13. ~ Costa Rica, Aguacate (@rsted). 5. Chameedorea (Chameedorella) brachyclada, Wendl. in Regel’s Garten- flora, 1880, p. 101. Panama, Chiriqui (Zahn). 6. Chamedorea (Euchamedorea) bracteata, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p- 29. Centra, AMERICA? Cultivated in European gardens, and believed to be one of Warscewicz’s introductions. 7. Chameedorea (Stephanostachys) casperiana, Klotsch in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, xx. p. 363. Stephanostachys casperiana, rst. L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 7. figg. 1-11. GuatemaLa (Warscewicz). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. Described from a plant that flowered in the garden of Dr. Casper at Berlin. 8. Chamzdorea (Stachyophorbe) cataractarum, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii. " p. 309; Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. iii. p. 910. Stachyophorbe cataractarum, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 1846, p. 8; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 9. Sout Mexico, cataracts of Chinantla at 1200 to 1500 feet (Liebmann) ; San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen). Hb. Kew. 9, Chamezdorea (Chamzdoropsis) costaricana, Gérst. in Vidensk. Medel. 1858, p. 19. Costa Rica, in ‘the woods at Turrialva (Ersted). Bf 2 404 PALM 2. 10. Chameedorea (Stachyophorbe) deckeriana, Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr: Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, xx. p. 364. Dasystachys deckeriana, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 26, et L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 6. GUATEMALA. Cultivated from seeds sent to Europe by Warscewicz. 11. Chamzedorea (Chamzedoropsis) desmoncoides, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 177; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 17. Mexico? 12. Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) elatior, Mart. in Linnea, v. p. 205, et Hist. Nat. Palm. ili. p. 157, pro parte, fide Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 16. Chamedorea (Euchamedorea) elatior, Mart.; Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 170. Chamedorea scandens, Liebm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308, fide Cirst. 1. c. Souto Mexico, Barranca de Tioselo (Schiede), Mirador (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 948). Hb. Kew. 13. Chamedorea elegans, Mart. in Linnea, v. p. 204, et Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 159, t. B. fig. 3. Collinia elegans, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 1846, p- 8; (rst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 6. | South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Barranca de Tioselo (Schiede), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 967). 14. Chamedorea (Eleutheropetalum) ernesti-augusti, Wendl. in Otto & - Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, xx. p. 73; Bot. Mag. t. 4831 (foem.), t. 4837 (mas) ; (Erst. L’Amérique Centrale, p. 13, t. 3. figg. 7-30. Morenia ernesti-augusti, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 3. Eleutheropetalum ernesti-augusti, (Hirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 7. SovrH Mexico, Tabasco (Linden), without special locality (Ziebmann). Hb. Kew. 15. Chamedorea (Psilostachys) geonomeformis, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, xx. p. 1; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 24, et L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 5. figg. 1-16. Nunnezharia geonomeformis, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6088. GuaTeMaLa (Warscewicz). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 16. Chameedorea glaucifolia, Wendl. ined. ? SoutH Mexico, Chiapas. Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. 17. Chameedorea (Chameedoropsis) graminifolia, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 62; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 18. GUATEMALA ? 18. Chameedorea (Collinia) humilis, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308. Collinia humilis, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 1846, p.8; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 6. PALMA. 405 _ Soura Mexico, Colipa, Misantla, Tonaguia, &c., at 1500 to 3000 feet (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 631). Hb. Kew. 19. Chameedorea (Chamzedoropsis) karwinskiana, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 179; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 18. Chamedorea elatior, Mart. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 179, et Hist. Nat. Palm. il. p. 157, pro parte, fide Cirst. 1. c. MExIco. 20. Chamzedorea klotzschiana, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 63; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 21. ~ Mexico. 21. Chameedorea (Collinia) liebmannii, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457. Collinia elatior, Liebm. in Overs. K. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 1846, p. 8; Cirst.in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 6. Sourn Mexico, Chinantla (Ziebmann). 22. Chameedorea (Chameedorella) lepidota, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 138; Ckrst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 23. Mexico? Wendland states that Galeotti, from whom he procured a living plant, informed him that he imported it from Mexico, while Linden of Ghent asserted that he received it from New Grenada. 23. Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) lindeniana, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 139; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 21. Mexico. 7 24, Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) lunata, Licbm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 307; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 456; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 21. Sout Mexico, Jicaltepec, on the Rio Nautla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 25. Chamezdorea (Chameedoropsis ?) macrospadix, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 20. y Costa Rica, Turrialba at 3000 to 4000 feet (Crsted). 26. Chamedorea (Stephanostachys) martiana, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 137. Stephanostachys martiana, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 29. Mexico. 27, Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) membranacea, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 22. | NICARAGUA, mountains of Pantasma, in the province of Segovia (€rsted). 406 PALMA. 28. Chamedorea (Chamedorella) microphylla, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p. 102. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Warscewicz). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 29. Chamzedorea (Stachyophorbe) montana, Liecbm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308 ; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457; CErst.in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 19, et L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 4. fig. 17. SourH Mgxico, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 30. Chamzedorea (Stachyophorbe) oreophila, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p- 309; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 458. Stachyophorbe montana, Liebm.; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 10. South Mexico, Tepitonga (Liebmann). 31. Chamedorea (Euchamedorea) pacaya, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 12. | Costa Rica, Volcan de Jaris at about 3000 feet (@rsted). 32. Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) paradoxa, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p- 29. . Mexico ? 33. Chameedorea (Chamedoropsis) pochutlensis, Licbm.; Mart. Hist, Nat. Palm. iii. p. 8308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 18. Sout Mexico, Pochutla (Liebmann). 34, Chamadorea pygmea, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1852, xx. pp- 217 et 249. Stachyophorbe pygmea, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 10, et L’ Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 4, SoutH Mexico, Chiapas. 35. Chamedorea (Chamedoropsis) radicalis, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 20. SoutH Mexico, Sierra Madre, 21° to 22° N. lat. (Karwinskt). 36. Chamedorea (Chamzdoropsis) resinifera, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 179; CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 17. Souta Mexico. | 37. Chameedorea sartorii, Licbm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 457, Morenia oblongata, Wendl. in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1853, xxi. p. 3. Hleutheropetalum sartorii, Liebm. ; Cirst. L’Amérique Centrale, p. 13, t. 3. figg. 1-6. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1779). PALMA. 407 88. Chameedorea (Chameedoropsis) schiedeana, Mart. in Linnea, v. p. 204; _ CHrst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 22. ‘Sour Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede). Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. | 39. Chameedorea tepejilote, Liebm.; Mart: Nat. Hist. Palm. iii. p. 308; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 406. Stephanostachys tepejilote, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 28, et L’Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 7. figg. 26-28. Sours Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 40. Chamedorea (Euchamedorea) tenella, Wendl. in Regel s Gartenflora, 1880, p. 102. Nunnezharia tenella, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6584. Mexico. Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. | This is one of the most ‘diminutive of palms, flowering when less than a foot high ; indeed the plate in the ‘ Botanical Magazine’ was drawn from plants considerably under a foot in height. Sir Joseph Hooker says, “ Our male specimen is exactly nine inches high, and the female seven, yet it ripened its fruit well.” 41. Chamzedorea warscewicziana, Wendl. in Bonplandia, 1862, x. p. 37. GuateMaLa (Warscewicz). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 42. Chamedorea wendlandiana, Hemsl. Stephanostachys wendlandiana, (rst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 28, et L’Amérique Centrale, p. 14, t. 7. figg. 12-25. Chamedorea tepejilote, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 65, fide Cirst. Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. In addition to those marked as being represented in the Kew Herbarium, there are doubtless several others among the unnamed specimens, and probably also some new ones; but it is impossible to determine them in the absence of authenticated specimens of so many of the described species. 8. SYNECHANTHUS. Synechanthus, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1858, p. 145; Beuth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 912. Reineckia, Karst. in Koch’s Wochenschrift, i. p. 349. Rathea, Karst. in Koch’s Wochenschrift, i. p. 377, et ii. p. 15. Besides the following, a third species, inhabiting Colombia, has been described. 1. Synechanthus fibrosus, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1858, p. 145, et in- Koch’s Wochenschrift, ii. p. 15; Bot. Mag. t. 6572. - Chamedorea ? fibrosa, Wendl. Ind. Palm. p. 57. Collinia ? fibrosa, Chrst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 5 Rathea fibrosa, Karst. in Koch’s Wochenschrift, i. p. 377. GUATEMALA. 408 PALMA. 2. Synechanthus warscewiczianus, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1858, p. 145, et in Koch’s Wochenschrift, ii. p. 15. Reineckea triandra, Karst. in Koch’s Wochenschrift, i. p. 349. Costa Rica (Warscewicz). | 9. GEONOMA. Geonoma, Willd. in Mem. Acad. Ber. 1804, p. 37, et Sp. Pl. iv.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii.. | p. 918. | An exclusively American genus, comprising about 100 species, generally spread in the tropical parts, though they are most numerous in Brazil. 1. Geonoma binervia, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 33. Costa Rica, in the virgin forests on the San Juan (sted). 2. Geonoma cuneata, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 3. Geonoma edulis, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, Turrialba (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 4, Geonoma ferruginea, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). | Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 5. Geonoma flaccida, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p- 245 (nomen nudum). GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner) ; Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui ( Wendland). Hb. Kew. 6. Geonoma galeottiana, Wendl. ined.? Souta Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 7. Geonoma gracilis, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 8. Geonoma hoffmanniana, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen. nudum). Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). Hb. Kew. 9. Geonoma longepetiolata, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 36. Costa Rica, in the virgin forest on the San Juan (Grsted). 10. Geonoma longevaginata, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum), Costa Rica, Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 11. Geonoma magnifica, Linden et Wendl. in Linnza, xxviii. p- 335; Walp. Ann. v. p. 841. Sourn Mexico, Tabasco (Ghiesbreght). PALMA. 409 12. Geonoma membranacea, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). GuaremaLa, Volcan de Fuego (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 13. Geonoma mexicana, Liebm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 316; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 467. South Mexico, Lobani, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 721). Hb. Kew. 14. Geonoma microspadix, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 259, 425); Costa Rica, Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 15. Geonoma obovata, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 245 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 16. Geonoma procumbens, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 246 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 17. Geonoma trifurcata, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 34. NICARAGUA, in the virgin forests on the San Juan (sted). 18. Geonoma versiformis, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 246 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, near Turrialba (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 10. ASTEROGYNE. Asterogyne, Wendl. in litt. ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 914. ‘Species paucee Americe centralis incole, quarum una tantum floribus delapsis nobis nota est.” 1. Asterogyne martiana, Wendl. Geonoma martiana, Wendl. in Linnza, xxviii. p. 8342; Walp. Ann. v. p. 841. NicaraGua, Chontales (Seemann, 163; Lévy, 905). Also cultivated specimens from Herrenhausen. Hb. Kew. It is possible that some of the undescribed species formerly referred to Geonoma by Wendland belong to this genus and the next. 11. CALYPTROGYNE. Calyptrogyne, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p. 72; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 914. About six or eight species are known; they inhabit Tropical America, including the West Indies. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. | 39 410 PALMA. 1. Calyptrogyne ghiesbrechtiana, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p. 72. Geonoma ghiesbrechtiana, Linden et Wendl. in Linnea, xxviii. p. 343. Soutn Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght). Hb. Kew. 2. Calyptrogyne glauca, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p, 238. Geonoma glauca, CErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 35. Nicaraava, in the virgin forest on the San Juan (Crsted). 3. Calyptrogyne spicigera, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1859, p. 72. Geonoma spicigera, K. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1858, p. 244. GuaTeMALA (Wendland). 4, Calyptrogyne sarapiquensis, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 238 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). 12. PHOLIDOSTACHYS. Pholidostachys, Wendl. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 915, in nota sub Calyptrogynide. Only one species is indicated. 1. Pholidostachys pulchra, Wendl. Geonoma pulchra, Wendl. MSS. in herb. Kew. Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). 13. WELFIA. Weifia, Wendl. in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. 11. p. 915. In the ‘Genera Plantarum ’ the number of species noted is two, but we have seen only one. 1. Welfia georgii, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 258 (nomen nudum). Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 14. SABAL. Sabal, Adans. Fam. Nat. ii. p. 495 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 922. An exclusively American genus of about half a dozen species, ranging from Venezuela and Trinidad to Mexico, Florida, North Carolina, and the Bermudas. 1. Sabal mexicana, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 246, t. S. figg. 1-7, et t. V. fig. 4; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 246. South Mexico, Santiago Estata, Oaxaca, and Laguna Verde, Colipa (Liebmann).— Cusa. Hb. Kew. | We have a memorandum of the occurrence of Sabal palmetto around Matamoros (Berlandier, 2307), but we have not been able to verify it. PALM. All 15. ACANTHORRHIZA. Acanthorrhiza, Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. 1879, p. 147; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 925. There are two or three species, natives of Central America. 1. Acanthorrhiza aculeata, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 230; Ill. Hort. 1879, xxvi. p. 185, t. 367. Trithrinax aculeata, Liebm. ; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 320; Walp. Ann. in. p. 470. SoutH Mexico, between La Galera and Pochutla (Liebmann). 2. Acanthorrhiza mocinni, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 925. Chamerops mocinni, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 300; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 252; Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 250. South Mexico, Acapulco (Humboldt & Bonpland). 3. Acanthorrhiza warscewiczii, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 230 (nomen nudum). | Panama, Chiriqui ( Warscewicz). 16. BRAHEA. Brahea, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. pp. 248, 319, tt. 187, 162; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 926. About four species inhabiting the Texano-Mexican region, and the Andes. 1. Brahea calcarea, Licbm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 319; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 470. | SoutH Mexico, Xalcomulco at 2000 feet (Liebmann). 2. Brahea dulcis, Mart. Nat. Hist. Palm. iii. p. 244, tt. 137, 162; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 245. Corypha dulcis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 300. Nortu Mexico, Cerro de la Silla, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier, 3216); Soura Mexico, Chapulco, Puebla (Liebmann), without locality (Ehrenberg), near La Moxonera and Alto de las Caxas, associated with pines and oaks, also near Chilpancingo and Mazatlan, 3000 to 4300 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 17. COPERNICIA. Copernicia, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 56 (Corypha) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 927. In addition to the following doubtful species, there are about eight in. Colombia, Brazil, and the West Indies. 1. Copernicia nana, Liebm. MSS. in herb. Kew. Corypha nana, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 299; Kunth, Enum. PI. it. p. 237. Cryosophila, Blume, fide Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 241. 392 412 PALM. Sour Mexico, Cuesta de los Pozuelos, between Acapulco and Mazatlan (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tehuacan, Puebla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 18. THRINAX. Thrinaz, Linn. f. in Swartz, Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 57; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 930. About ten species are known, one in Florida and the rest in the West Indies. 1. Thrinax argentea, Lodd.; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 253; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 256; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 515. Palma argentea, Jacq. Fragm. p. 38, t. 43. PanaMA, in the forests, growing as underwood (Seemann).—CuBa ; Hayrr; JAMAICA ; BAHAMAS. We have seen no specimen of this from the mainland, and include it on the authority of Seemann. 19. BACTRIS. Bactris, Jacq. Stirp. Sel. Amer. t. 256; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 941. An exclusively Tropical American genus of about one hundred described species. 1. Bactris acuminata, Liebm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 321; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 472; Cirst. ? Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 9. figg. 32-35. South Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Bactris baculifera, Karw.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 322 ; Walp. Ann. lil. p. 472. South Mexico, Chicaltepec (Karwinshi). 3. Bactris balanoidea, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 233. Augustinea balanoidea, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 39, et PAmérique Centrale, p. i, t. 9. fige. 1-13. Pyrenoglyphis balanoidea, Karst. Fl. Columb. 11. p. 142. Costa Rica, Puntarenas (@rsted). 4. Bactris caudata, Wendl. Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 5. Bactris (Hubactris) fusca, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 43, et YAmérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 8. figg. 16-29. Costa Rica, virgin forest of Turrialba at 3000 feet (Grsted). 6. Bactris (Eubactris) horrida, GErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 41; et YAmérique Centrale, p. 16, t. 9. figg. 50-52. Nicaraeva, Guanacaste, and in the neighbourhood of Granada ( Grsted), Chontales (Lévy); Costa Rica, west side (rsted). Hb. Kew. 7. Bactris longepetiolata, Wendl. ined. 2 Costa Rica, en the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. PALMA. 413 8. Bactris mexicana, Mart. Palmet. Orbign. p. 65, et Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 281; Cirst. Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 9. figg. 36-39. Sourn Mexico, Pitel and Jicaltepec on the river Nautl (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 9. Bactris minor, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 279,. t. 171. fig. 1; Kunth, Enum. Pl. lil. p. 267; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. Panama, i in open places, seldom in woods (Seemann).—VENEZUELA; COLOMBIA. 10. Bactris cerstedii, Traill, fide Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 233. | Bactris (Trichobactris) bifida, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 44, non Mart. Bactris (Trichobactris) glandulosa, Cirst. ’ Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 8. figg. 1-15, et p. 16, t. 9. fig. 53? Costa Rica, virgin forest of Turrialba ( Grsted). 11. Bactris ovata, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 234. Augustinea ovata, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 38, et Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 9. figg. 14-20. Nicaragua, Punto Poderoso, on the north side (sted). 12. Bactris polystachya, Wendl. ined. ? Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 13. Bactris subglobosa, Wendl. in De Kerch. les Palmiers, p. 234 (nomen nudum). SaLvaDor, near San Miguel (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 14. Bactris utilis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 942. Gulielma utilis, Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 46, et Amérique Centrale, p. 15, t. 9. fige. 40-49. Costa Rica, in. various localities (Zrsted). Hb. Kew. 15. Bactris villosa, Wendl. ined. ? Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 16. Bactris, sp., Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. PANAMA, common on the sea-coast and covering the greater part of Iguana Island, vernacular name ‘ navito’ (Seemann). 20. DESMONCUS. Desmoncus, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 84, tt. 68, 69, iii. pp. 32, 277, 321, t. 165; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 942. About twenty-five species scattered over Tropical America. 1. Desmoncus chinantlensis, Licbm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 321; Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 471. SoutH Mexico, in the primeval forests of Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 414 PALMA. « 2. Desmoncus oxyacanthos, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iu. p. 88; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 260 ; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. | PaNnaMA, on the outskirts of woods, climbing over trees and shrubs (Seemann).— BRaziL. | 3. Desmoncus, sp.? Sour Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 876). Hb. Kew. There is only one leaf of this, but it is apparently an undescribed species. 4. Desmoncus, sp. Souta Mexico, Jocotepec, Lacoba (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 21. ASTROCARYUM. Astrocaryum, G. W. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 265 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 942. About thirty species are referred to the genus, which is restricted to Tropical America, the species being most numerous in Brazil. 1. Astrocaryum mexicanum, Liebm.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 323; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 472. South Mexico, Tepinapa and Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen). Hb. Kew. 2. Astrocaryum polystachyum, Wendl. ined. ? Costa Rica, on the Rio Sarapiqui (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 3. Astrocaryum, sp.? PanaMaA, in the dark forests; native name “ Pacuai ” (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 22. ACROCOMIA. Acrocomia, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 66, tt. 56, 57, iii. pp. 285, 322; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 9438. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which eight species have been described. 1. Acrocomia mexicana, Karw.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 285, t. 138. Souta Mexico, Teoxomulco (Karwinski). 2. Acrocomia sclerocarpa, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 66, tt. 56,57; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 271; Seemann, Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 203. Pana, Isle of Taboga (Hinds), in open places, never in dark woods (Seemann).— VENEZUELA to GuIANA and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs, from Jamatca to TRINIDAD. Hb. Kew. 8. Acrocomia vinifera, GErst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 47. NicaraGua and Costa Rica, on the west side and especially abundant in the volcanic district (Cirsted). PALM 2. 415 23. ELAGIS. Eleis, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 280, t. 272; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 944. Alfonsia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 306. Four or five species divided between Tropical Africa and Tropical America. 1. Elewis melanococca, Gertn. Fruct. i. p. 18, t.6; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. i. p. 64, tt. 33, 35; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 279; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 204 ; Cirst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 51 (var. semicircularis). Costa Rica, on the western side (sted); Panama, in woods, common all over the country (Seemann).—VENEZUELA to BRAZIL. 24. COCOS. Cocos, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1223; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 945. Of this genus, about thirty species are enumerated; they all inhabit Tropical and Southern Subtropical America, and one of them the tropics of the Old World as well. 1. Cocos nucifera, Linn.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. ii. p. 123, tt. 62, 65 et 68; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 285; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 204; Griseb. ‘FL Brit. W. Ind. p. 522. Panama, both wild and cultivated on the sea-shores and northwards (Seemann), The cocoa-nut tree is now so generally distributed on tropical sea-coasts that it is not possible to say whether it has spread from America or the Old World. Some writers regard the western coast of America as its original home, while others think the evidence points to the Indian Archipelago. 25. ATTALEA. Attalea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 309, tt. 95 et 96; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 947. About twenty species spread over Tropical America. 1. Attalea cohune, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. p. 300, t. 167; Walp. Ann. i. p-. 1008; Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 50; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 204. Honpvras (Loddiges ; Temple); Panama, common (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 2. Attalea? rostrata, Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1858, p. 50. Costa Rica, Puntarenas (rsted). [The PanpaNE&, an order of two genera and about eighty species, are restricted to the Old World, and for the greater part inhabit maritime districts. Pandanus utilis is cultivated in the West Indies. | 416 CYCLANTHACEA.—TYPHACEZ. Order CLI]. CYCLANTHACE. Cyclanthacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 952. This order is wholly American, and consists of four genera and about thirty-five species, many of which, however, are only imperfectly known. 1. CARLUDOVICA. Carludovica, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. Prodr. p. 146, t. 31; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 953. . About thirty species generally spread in Tropical America and the West-Indian Islands. 1. Carludovica cerstedii, Hemsl. Evodianthus angustifolius, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1857, p. 195, et ? Amérique Centrale, p. 13, t.1; Walp. Ann. v. p. 860. Costa Rica, at elevations of 3000 to 4000 feet (Grsted). 2. Carludovica microphylla, Gérst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1857, p. 197; Walp. Ann. v. p. 860. Costa Rica, Turrialba (@rsted). 8. Carludovica utilis, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 953. Sarcinanthus utilis, Girst. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1857, p. 197, et ’ Amérique Centrale, p. 18, t. 2; Walp. Ann. v. p. 861. Costa Rica, at elevations of 3000 to 4000 feet (Ersted). * Order CLIT]. TYPHACEA. Typhacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 954. Aquatic and marsh plants of very wide distribution. The order consists of the two genera Sparganium and Typha and about fifteen species. 1. TYPHA. Typha, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1040; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 955. About ten species, some of which are almost cosmopolitan. 1. “Typha, an latifolia, Linn.? an truxillensis, H. B. K.?” Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 23. South Mexico, Lake of Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). We have seen no specimen of any species of this genus from within our limits. It is probable that the form collected by Schiede and Deppe was T. angustifolia, Linn., var. domingensis, Pers., which ranges from Texas, through the West Indies to Brazil. AROIDEA. 417 Order CLIV. AROIDE. Aroidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 955. Ninety-eight genera are retained by Bentham and Hooker, and the number of described species is nearly nine hundred. They are most numerous and generally spread in tropical countries and altogether absent from the colder regions. 1. PISTIA. Pistia, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. p. 152, et Gen. Plant. n. 1023; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 964. An aquatic monotype. 1. Pistia stratiotes, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. p. 152; Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras., Arace, p. 214, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 634. y. obcordata, Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras., Aracem, p. 214, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 634; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4564 (species), icon in Flore des Serres, t. 625 repetita. Pistia occidentahs, Blume, Rumphia, i. p. 79; Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 3. Pistia spathulata, Michx.; Liebm. 1. c. Aptospermum obcordatum, Klotzsch in Abhandl. K. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1858, reprint, p. 23. Pistia texensis, Klotzsch in Abhandl. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1852, reprint, p. 28, tt. 1-3. | Pistia schleideniana, Klotzsch, 1. c. Limnonesis commutata et L. friedrichsthaliana, Klotzsch in Abhandl. K. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1853, reprint, p. 24. South Mexico, near Estero (Schiede & Deppe), San Blas to Tepic (Sinclair), valley of Mexico (Schaffner); Nicaragua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 90); Panama, (Seemann).—Generally dispersed in Tropican and SvusrropicaL RuxGions, except Australia. Hb. Kew. The varieties are connected by intermediate forms, and Engler states that some of the Mexican specimens are intermediate between his (. spathulata, Michx. (species), and his y. obcordata. 2. ARISAEMA. Arisema, Mart. in Flora, 1831, ii. p. 459; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 965. There are about fifty described species, the majority of them inhabiting subtropical and temperate Asia, a few North America, and one Abyssinia. 1. Arisema dracontium, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 17, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 39; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. S. p. 440; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 547. Arum dracontium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 964, ed. 2, p. 1868; Bot. Reg. t. 668. PENNSYLVANIA and Kentucky southward to Groraia and Texas.—Nortn Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer). Hb. Kew. There is a little doubt about the Mexican plant being the same species. BIOL, CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 3h 418 AROIDEZ. 2. Arisema macrospathum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 52; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 546; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 38. , Sourn Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg, 394), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2522), without locality (Parkinson). Hb. Kew. 3. XANTHOSOMA. Xanthosoma, Schott, Melet. i. p. 19, et Gen: Aroid. t. 46; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 976. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of about twenty-five known species. 1. Xanthosoma helleborifolium, Schott in GEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1865, p. 33; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 486. Acontias helleborifolius, Schott, Melet. i. p. 19, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 197; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 511. Arum helleborifolium, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 613. Panama (fide Grisebach).—VENEZUELA to Peru, BraziL, and Guiana, and in the Wrst INDIES. 2. Xanthosoma hoffmannii, Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1865, p. 33; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 485. Acontias hoffmannii, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 196. Costa Rica, San José (Hoffmann). B. wendlandii, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 485. Acontias wendlandii, Schott in Caster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 195. Costa Rica (Wendland). 3. Xanthosoma jacquini, Schott, Melet. i. p. 19, Syn. Aroid. p. 57, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 183; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 470. Caladium xanthorrhizon, Boos, Cat. p. 348. Alotasia undipes, K. Koch et Bouché in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1854, Append. p. 5. Xanthosoma undipes, K. Koch in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 4. Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 5, non Schott. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 4, Xanthosoma mexicanum, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 5; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 479; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 189. South Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion, near Comaltepec, Oaxaca, at 3000 feet (Liebmann). 5, Xanthosoma pedatum, Hemsl. n. sp. Xanthosomati cubensi affinis, differt foliis glaucescentibus segmentis infimis semihastatis, spadice breviore crassioreque etc. Herba, ut videtur, acaulis, undique glaberrima, pedunculis in foliorum vaginis (saltem in specimine unico Salviniano) duobus. Folia solitaria?, subtus glaucescentia, longe petiolata; lamina pedato-quinquesecta, circa 15 poll. diametro, circumscriptione reniformia ; segmenta discreta, AROIDEA, 419 integra, acuminata, acuta, sinibus latiusculis rotundatis; segmenta intermedia et centrale ovata, basi truncata; segmenta infima semihastata, lobo basilari rotundato; omnia nervis lateralibus primariis pluribus sursum gradatim minus conspicuis, in nervum collectivum margine sat remotum conjunctis ; petiolus fere bipedalis, concolor, anguste vaginatus, in siccitate nullo loco 6 lineas crassus. Pedunculi quam folium multo breviores. Spatha 7-8 poll. longa, infra medium ventricoso-tubulosa, lamina lanceolata, acuta, spadix 2-24 poll. excedens, quam tubus longior, omnino floribus vestita. Spadiaz crassiuscula, cylindrica, vel leviter clavata, parte exserta mascula. Synandria 12-16 locellata, apice disciformia, sessilia. Ovarium multi- ovulatum. Fructus ignotus. GuATEMALA, Barranca Honda 3800 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. This is closely related to X. cubense, Engler (Acontias cubensis, Schott, but not Andromycia cubensis, Rich., which Engler cites as a synonym, though it is a very distinct plant); but it is readily distinguished by the segments of the leaves being divergent (not overlapping), and by the lower ones being half-hastate. The slenderer petiole is not mottled; and the stouter spadix is decidedly obtuse and relatively shorter. Further, the leaves of the present plant are glaucous beneath. Other differences may exist in the female flowers and fruit; but as they are in a partly decomposed state, we can only say that the ovules are numerous, all traces of the dissepiments having disappeared. 6. Xanthosoma pilosum, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1855, Append. p. 2; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 479 ; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 186. Costa Rica (Hoffimann).—CoLomBIA. 7, Xanthosoma robustum, Schott in Gster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1853, p. 370, Syn. Aroid. p. 58, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 182; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 474. Sour Mxxico, Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2417). 8. Xanthosoma roseum, Schott in ister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 180; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 475. Costa Rica, San José (Hoffmann). Also recorded from Guadalupe Island. 9. Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 19, Syn. Aroid. p. 56, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 179; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 469; Bot. Mag. t. 4989; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 511. Arum sagittifolium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1869. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1903).—West Inp1Es, from Cusa and Jamaica to Barpapos. Hb. Kew. 4, PHILODENDRON. Philodendron, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 19; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 978. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about 120 known species. 3h2 420 . “AROIDEA. 1. Philodendron advena, Schott in CEster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1855, p. 289, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 257; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 398. South Mexico (fide Schott). 2. Philodendron affine, Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. p. 37. (Tab. C.) Repens, radicans, foliis tripartitis sinibus apertis rotundatis, segmentis lateralibus minoribus falcatis, _ spatha pedunculata quam folia triplo breviori medio constricto extus ceruleo-viridi roseo tincta intus sanguinea margine flavo-viridi, spadice albido-flavescenti. Caudex crassiusculus, reptans, ad nodos radicans. Folia longe petiolata, cum petiolo tereti usque bipedalia, tripartita, creberrime immerse pennivenia, basi late cordata, segmentis lateralibus minoribus et dimidio brevioribus falcatis et adscendentibus vel interdum in foliis minoribus ovatis et divaricatis vel deflexis, sinibus apertissimis rotundatis, segmento intermedio oblongo- lanceolato acuminato, foliorum maximorum 9-10-pollicari circiter 5-nervio. Spatha peduncu- lata, 4—5-pollicaris, infra medium valde constricta, basi subglobosa, clausa, extus ceruleo-viridis, roseo tincta, intus sanguinea, margine flavo-viridis, pedunculo crasso tereti spathe: subeequilongo. Spadix vix exsertus, albido-flavescens. Ovarium 6-loculare ?, loculis 4—5-ovulatis. GuatTeMALA, Barranca Honda, Volcan de Fuego, 3800 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. Allied to P. tripartitum, which has acute sinuses to the leaves and light-coloured spathes, &c. 3. Philodendron anisotomum, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 288. Philodendron fenzlii, 8. anisotomum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 412. South Mexico, near San Bartolomo at 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann); GuaTeMALA (Wendland). Since the publication of our Philodendron affine, the leaves in Wendland’s herbarium, upon which Schott founded his Philodendron anisotomum, have been compared by Mr. N. E. Brown with Mr. Salvin’s specimens of our plant in the Kew Herbarium, and he regards them, probably correctly, as the same species; but we do not feel justified in actually reducing our species, because a species founded upon leaves alone hardly deserves recognition, and it is too late to cancel our name on the plate. Engler (in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 412) treats Philodendron anisotomum, Schott, as a variety of his own more recently described Philodendron fenzlit, which is apparently distinct from our P. affine, at least. 4. Philodendron augustinum, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1853-4, et in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, i. p. 341; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 294; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 419. CENTRAL AMERICA? (Warscewicz). 5. Philodendron brevispathum, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 29, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 254; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 392. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 431). Hb. Kew. AROIDEA. 491 6. Philodendron cuspidatum, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. 1854, Append. p. 7; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 241; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 387. Philodendron micans, Klotzsch et K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1854, Append. p. 7; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 242. Sour Mexico, around Colipa, Vera Cruz (Ziebmann); Panama (Wagner). 7. Philodendron dzemonum, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 7 (Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 17); Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 271; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 1. p. 407. SoutH Mexico, Colipa, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 8. Philodendron fenzlii, Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras., Aracee, p. 144, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 412, excl. 8 anisotomum ? Mexico (‘fide Schott ”). This must be very closely allied to our Philodendron affine; but Engler’s description of the spathe (“spathe oblongo-ovate, subcucullate, brevissime cuspidulate, extus virides, intus pallide flavee et ochraceo-striolate, tubo indistincto lamine subaquilongo ”) does not agree. 9. Philodendron gracile, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 244; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 391. Costa Rica (Wendland). Hb. Kew. 10. Philodendron guttiferum, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 51; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 231; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 361. Philodendron aurantiifolium, Schott, in ister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 230; (Erst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 58. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hoffmann).— PERU; GUIANA. 11. Philodendron hoffmannii, Schott in Cister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 256; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 399; Ciirst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 59. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hoffmann). 12. Philodendron inzequilaterum, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 6 (Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p.16); Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 234; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 363. SoutH Mexico, in shady woods near Pital, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 13. Philodendron ligulatum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 224; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 361. Costa Rica (Wendland). 14. Philodendron mexicanum, Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras., Aracee, p. 123, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 409. | SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2176). 422 AROIDEA. 15. Philodendron oxycardium, Schott, Syn. Aroid. p. 82, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 241; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 386. Philodendron acrocardium, Schott in (Ester. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179; Prodr. Aroid. p. 260. Philodendron isertianum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 242 (fide Engler). Guatema.a (Wendland).—St. THomas; Martinique; Braziu? 16. Philodendron polytomum, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 164, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 293; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 420. Sourn Mexico, Hacienda de Santa Barbara, Colipa, Vera Cruz (Liebman), valley of - Cordova (Bovrgeau, 1788). Hb. Kew. 17. Philodendron pterotum, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1854, Append. p. 6; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 249; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 378. CenrraL America (Wendland). Cultivated specimens in Kew Herbarium. 18. Philodendron radiatum, Schott in CEster. Bot. Wochenbl. iii. (1853), p. 378, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 292; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 418. Philodendron impolitum, Schott Prodr. Aroid. p. 291 (fide Engler). SootH Mexico (fide Schott); Nicaragua (Friedrichsthal). 19. Philodendron sagittifolium, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 7 (Vidensk. Meddel. 1850, p. 17); Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 272; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. li. p. 406. Philodendron tanyphyllum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 272 (fide Engler). South Mexico, in woods near Pital (Liebmann), valley of Cordova and Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1417, 2296). Hb. Kew. 20. Philodendron sanguineum, Regel, Gartenflora, 1869, p. 196, t. 621; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 408. Soura Mexico, valley of Cordova (Karwinskt). 21. Philodendron schottianum, Wendl. ex Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1865, p. 72 ; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 390. Costa Rica (Wendland). 22. Philodendron seguine, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 164, et Prody. Aroid. p. 231; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 359. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 23. Philodendron subovatum, Schott in CEster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1855, p. 289, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 255; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 400. Soutn Mexico (fide Schott). AROIDEZ. 423 24. Philodendron tripartitum, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 19, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 286; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 411. Arum tripartitum, Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. ii. p. 33, t. 190. Philodendron dagilla, Schott in Gister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 287; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 60 (fide Engler). Costa Rica (@rsted).— VENEZUELA. B. tricuspidatum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 411. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 25. Philodendron warscewiczii, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1855, Append. p. 4; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 295; CErst. Preecurs. Fl]. Centro-Am. p. 61. GuatemaLa (Wendland); Costa Rica, San José (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. 26. Philodendron wendlandi, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 221; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 368; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centr.-Am. p. 57. CentRaL America (Wendland). 5. SYNGONIUM. Syngoninm, Schott in Wien. Zeitschr. iii. p. 780, excl. Sp. et Gen. Aroid. t. 48; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ili. p. 979. About eight or ten species, all natives of Tropical America. 1. Syngonium angustatum, Schott in ster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 213; Gérst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 57; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 300. Nicaracua (Grsted). 2. Syngonium auritum, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 19, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 205 ; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 293. Arum auritum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1871; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. p. 23, t. 191. Caladium auritum, Vent. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 491; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 80. Syngonium plumieri, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 206. B. neglectum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 294; Schott in Bon- plandia, 1859, p. 163, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 210 (species). South Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz at 3000 feet. (Liebmann); Iturbide, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1419). Hb. Kew. The typical form of this species is a native of Jamaica. 3. Syngonium erstedianum, Schott in Cister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 212; CErst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 57; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. p. 299. Costa Rica, Guanacaste (Crsted). 424 AROIDEZ. 4. Syngonium peliocladum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 202; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 297. Costa Rica (Wendland). 5. Syngonium podophyllum, Schott, Syn. Aroid. p. 68, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 211; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 298. Syngonium salvadorense, Schott in Aster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 201. SovurH Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Liebmann); Satvapor, Santa Ana (Wendland). 6. Syngonium wendlandi, Schott in Gister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 201; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 294; Cérst. Preecurs. FI. Centro-Am. p. 56. Costa Rica (Wendland). 7. Syngonium xanthophilum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 214; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 300. Mexico (fide Schott). 6. PORPHYROSPATHA. Porphyrospatha, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 289; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 980. The two species described are restricted to Central America. 1. Porphyrospatha hoffmannii, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 291. Syngonium hoffmanni, Schott in ster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 178, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 200; rst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 55. Costa Rica, Candelaria (Hoffmann). 2. Porphyrospatha schottiana, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 290. Syngonium schottianum, Wendl. ex Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 199; C&rst. Preecurs. Fl. Centr.-Am. p. 55. Costa Rica (Wendland). 7. MONTRICHARDIA. Montrichardia, Criiger in Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 982. Besides the following there are two or three species in Guiana and Brazil. 1. Montrichardia fendleri, Schott, Gen. Aroid. t. 49, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 216; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 289. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 432, 433). Hb. Kew. 8. HOMALOMENA. Homalomena, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 20, et Gen. Aroid. t. 61; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 983. This is one of the very few genera of this Order which are represented both in AROIDEZ. 425 America and the Old World. From fifteen to twenty species are known, two thirds of them from Tropical Asia and the rest Tropical America. 1. Homalomena wendlandii, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 808; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 340. Costa Rica (Wendland). Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. 9. DIEFFENBACHIA. Dieffenbachia, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 20, et Gen. Aroid. t. 63; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p- 986. A genus of about six species, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Dieffenbachia crstedii, Schott in Céster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 8327; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 449. Mexico (fide Engler); Costa Rica (Hoffmann ; Crsted). 10. STENOSPERMATION. Stenospermation, Schott, Gen. Aroid. t. 70; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ini. p. 990. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about half a dozen known species. 1. Stenospermation? angustifolium, Hemsl., n. sp. Glabra, foliis tenuibus anguste lanceolatis, petiolo superne inappendiculato gracili, spadice brevis- sime stipitato, ovario biloculari, loculis biovulatis. . Herba vel suffrutex caudicibus graciliusculis, internodiis brevibus. Folia membranacea, petiolata, anguste lanceolata, absque petiolo 4-7 poll. longa, medio usque sesquipoll. lata, utrinque cuneata, apice acutissima, nervis lateralibus primariis creberrimis obscuris ; petiolus 3-4 poll. longus, infra anguste vaginatus, parte inappendiculata gracili 1-2 poll. longa. Pedunculus folio multo brevior, gracilis. Spatha deest. Spadix nutans, cylindricus, circiter pollicaris, floriger 14-2 lineas diametro, brevissime stipitatus vel subsessilis. Ovarium biloculare, loculis biovulatis ; ovula a basi loculorum erecta. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate). Hb. Kew. Several genera of this tribe (the Collee) are very artificial, as it appears to us, the principal differences adduced being the number of cells in the ovary and the number of ovules in each cell, associated with a deciduous or persistent spathe and a sessile or stipitate spadix. In these characters the present plant is intermediate between Steno- spermation and the Old-World Rhaphidophora, while in habit it would do for either. 2. Stenospermation ? marantefolium, Hemsl., n. sp. Glabra, foliis ovato-oblongis acute acuminatis, petiolo per totam longitudinem vaginato, spadice brevi longiuscule stipitato, ovario uniloculari?, ovulis 10-12. Herba vel suffrutez, caudicibus crassiusculis. Folia in siccis subcoriacea, petiolata, ovato-oblonga vel elliptica, absque petiolo 4-7 poll. longa, maxima 8 poll. lata, basi rotundata, apice acute acuminata vel subcaudata, nervis lateralibus primariis numerosissimis creberrimis, sat conspi- cuis, apicem lamine versus curvatim adscendentibus; petiolus 13-2} poll. longus, usque ad BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 34 426 AROIDEZ. apicem latiuscule vaginatus, vagina apice rotundato-biauriculata. Pedunculus crassiusculus, e vagina folii breviter (circiter 1 poll.) exsertus. Spa ha deest. Spadix erectus, oblongus, crassiusculus, semipoll. longus, distincte stipitatus (ative 3-4 lineas longus). Ovarium uni- loculare ?, 10—12-ovulatum, ovulis erectis. Nicaragua (Tate, 401). Hb. Kew. \ The ovary appeared perfectly one-celled in the rather advanced stage of the only inflorescence; and the ovules were all erect from the base of the ovary; but it is possible that a partial or complete partition exists at an earlier stage. It is not easy to get a good section of the ovary, as the walls are full of raphides and the cavity full of mucilage, in which the ovules are imbedded. 11. MONSTERA. Monstera, Adans. Fam. ii. p. 470 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 991. A wholly Tropical-American genus of about twelve species. 1. Monstera acuminata, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1855, App. p. 4; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 256. CenTRAL America? (Warscewicz). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 2. Monstera deliciosa, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 9; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 265. Tornelia fragrans, Gutierrez; Linnea, xxvi. p. 882; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 354, et Gen. Aroid. t. 74. Monsiera bennea, K. Koch in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 277. Philodendron pertusum, Kunth et Bouché in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1848. Monstera borsigiana, K. Koch; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. p. 266. Sourn Mexico, region of Oaxaca 5000 to 7000 feet (Zcebmann), without locality (Karwinski), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1904); Guatemata (Warscewicz). Hb. Kew. We are unable to separate M. borsigiana from M. deliciosa. Engler (J. c.) says of the former :——“ Species spe cum precedente [i.e. WM. deliciosa] in hortis commutata, sed foliorum petiolis levibus atque lamina multo minore foraminibusque paucioribus perforata diversa.” The petiole of Monstera deliciosa he describes as with “ geniculo late crispato-marginato.” Among the cultivated specimens in Kew Herbarium, attested as being from the same plant by Mr. N. E. Brown, are leaves both with and without the appendage to the petiole. 3. Monstera dilacerata, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1855, Append. p. 5; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 264. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba (Wendland).—Gutana. 4, Monstera egregia, Schott; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 260. The native country of this is unknown; but Engler surmises that M. karwinskyt AROIDEZ. 427 (Schott in Ester. Bot. Zeitschr. 1859, p. 99, and Prodr. Aroid. p. 360) may be the same, and this was collected by Karwinski and Liebmann between Colipa and Papantla in Southern Mexico. 5. Monstera friedrichsthaliana, Schott in (ster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1854, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 360; Cérst. Precurs. Fl. Centr.-Am. p. 62; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 259. GuaTeMALA, Niquinomo (Friedrichsthal) ; Costa Rica, near Aguacati (Hoffmann). 6. Monstera pertusa, de Vriese, Hort. Spaarn-Bergensis, 1839; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 261, et Mart. Fl. Bras. Aroid. p. 113, tt. 20 et 21 (varietates plures). Dracontium pertusum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1872; Mill. Ic. t. 296; Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. ii. tt. 184 et 185. Monstera adansonii, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 21. Costa Rica, Alto de la Cruz (Hoffmann).—CoLomBIaA; VENEZUELA; GUIANA; BRaziL. 7. Monstera punctulata, Schott; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p 259. Anadendron punctulatum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 393. Mexico (fide Schott); CruntraL America (Warscewicz, fide Klotzsch in Herb. Reg. Berol.). | 8. Monstera seemannii, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1859, p. 40, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 365 ; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 264. PanaMA, Isle of Taboga (Seemann, 1568). Hb. Kew. Engler suggests that this may be a form of M. pertusa. Marcgravia paradoxra, Masters (Gard. Chron. 1877, viii. p. 13), from Central America, is a barren or juvenile state of some species of this genus. 12. DRACONTIUM. Dracontium, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1029; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 995. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about six species. 1. Dracontium gigas, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 284. Godwinia gigas, Seem. Journ. Bot. 1869, p. 318, tt. 16 et 17; Gard. Chron. 1878, figg. 13 et 14; Bot. Mag. t. 6048 ; Fl. des Serres, xxi. tt. 2244-2245, Nicaragua, mountains of Chontales, between the Javali Mine and the Quebrada de las Lajas (Seemann). Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. 13. UROSPATHA. Urospatha, Schott, Aroid. p. 8, tt. 7-10, et Gen. Aroid. t. 86; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 996. About ten species, restricted to Tropical America. 372 428 AROIDER, 1. Urospatha friedrichsthalii, Schott, Aroid. p. 3, t.7, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 407 ; CErst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 63; Engler in DO. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 281. Nicaraeva, San Juan (Friedrichsthal). 2. Urospatha grandis, Schott in Bonplandia, 1857, v. p. 128; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 281. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 434). Hb. Kew. 14. SPATHIPHYLLUM. Spathiphyllum, Schott, Meletem. i. p. 22; Gen. Aroid. t. 93; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 997. Of this genus there are about twenty American species and two Malayan. 1. Spathiphyllum atrovirens, Schott in Gster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 427; CErst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 64; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 226. Costa Rica, Pedregal (Wendland). 2. Spathiphyllum brevirostre, Schott, Aroid. i. p. 2, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 426; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 226. Hydrostachyon brevirostre, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 15. Souta Mexico, Cuesta de Teotalcingo, Trapiche de la Concepcion, and various other localities in Oaxaca at 2500 to 5000 feet (Liebmann). 8. Spathiphyllum cochlearispathum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 221. Hydnostachyon cochlearispathum, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 14. Spathiphyllum liebmanni, Schott, Aroid. 1. p. 2, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 433. Spathiphyllum heliconiifolium, Schott, Aroid. i. p. 2, tt. 5 et 6. Soutn Mexico, damp woods near Mirador (Liebmann ; Sartorius), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 3261). Hb. Kew. B. longirostre, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 221. Hydnostachyon longirostre, Licebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 14. Spathiphyllum longirostre, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 434. Sour Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). 4, Spathiphyllum friedrichsthalii, Schott, Aroid. i. p. 2, t. 4, et Prodr. Aroid. p-. 480; Cirst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 64. a. latifolia, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 222; Schott in CEster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1857, p. 9, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 431. Spathiphyllum lanceolatum, K. Koch in Berl. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1857, p. 174; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p- 435. Massowia lanceolata, K. Koch ex Ender, Ind. Aroid. p. 52. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 426). Hb. Kew. AROIDEZ. 429 @. angustifolium, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 222. Spathiphyllum friedrichsthalii, Schott, 1. c. Nicaracua, San Juan (Friedrichsthal) ; PanAma, without locality (Wagner). We have not seen the latter form, and merely follow Engler in treating it as of the same species as S. fendlert. 5. Spathiphyllum fulvovirens, Schott in Céster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p- 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 427; C&rst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 225; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 225. Costa Rica, Pedregal (Wendland). 6. Spathiphyllum ortgiesii, Regel, Gartenflora, 1870, p. 39, et 1872, p. 292, t. 738; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 225. Mexico (Roezi). | 7. Spathiphyllum phryniifolium, Schott in Géster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1857, p. 159, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 432; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 223. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 425). Hb. Kew. 8. Spathiphyllum wendlandii, Schott in Gster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 432; CErst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 64; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. il. p. 221. Costa Rica (Wendland). 9. Spathiphyllum, sp. Guatema.a, Cerro de Zunil, Las Nubes 4350 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 15. ANTHURIUM. Anthurium, Schott in Wien. Zeitschr. iii. p. 828, et Ic. Aroid. tt. 11-20, et Gen. Aroid. t. 94; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 998. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of which there are at least 160 well-defined species. 1. Anthurium emulum, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 165, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 551; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 206. SoutH Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann). 2. Anthurium agnatum, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 478; CErst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p.69; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 146. Nicaracua (Grsted). 3. Anthurium andicola, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 12; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 510; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 169. Anthurium cucullatum, K. Koch et Sello in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1853, p. 16; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 507; Regel, Gartenflora, 1871, t. 702. Souta Mexico, Santa Maria Alpatlahua 7500 feet (iebmann). Hb. Kew. 430 AROIDEZA. 4, Anthurium bakeri, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6261; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 122. Costa Rica. Imported and cultivated by Mr. W. Bull, of Chelsea. Hb. Kew. 5. Anthurium bombacifolium, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 552; CErst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 72; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii, p. 201. Costa Rica (Hoffmann). 6. Anthurium brachygonatum, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 468; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 140, et in Mart. Fl. Bras. Aroid. -P 60. Mexico (fide Schott). In the ‘ Flora Brasiliensis’ Engler refers Wright’s 601 ¢ Plante Cubenses’) to this species; but in the ‘Monogr. Phanerog.’ he refers the same number to Anthurium recusatum, Schott. 7. Anthurium consobrinum, Schott in Géster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1855, p. 66, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 452; C&rst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 68; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 148. Nicaracua (friedrichsthal). 8. Anthurium cordifolium, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 76; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 515; Refug. Bot. t. 279; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 171. Costa Rica (Grsted).—Jamaica ; St. CHRISTOPHER; Santa Cruz; GUADALOUPE. 9, Anthurium crassinervium, Schott, Meletem. i. p.22; Prodr. Aroid. p. 472, et Ic. Aroid. tt. 12-14; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 74; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 142. Pothos crassinervia, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii. p. 609, Coll. iv. p. 122, et Fragm. t. 1. Panama (Wagner). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 10. Anthurium cuspidifolium, Schott in Géster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 446; Cirst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p.114; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 67. Costa Rica (Grsted). 11. Anthurium flexile, Schott in Gster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 443 ; CErst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 66; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 113. . Costa Rica, Pedregal ( Wendland). 12. Anthurium formosum, Schott in Céster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181], et Prodr. Aroid. p. 519; Qérst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 70; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 181. Costa Rica, Naranjo (Wendland). AROIDEZ. 431 13. Anthurium fraternum, Schott in CEster. Bot, Wochenbl. 1857, p. 293, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 503. (Tab. XCVIL) Anthurium quindiuense, Schott, ll. cc., fide Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 179 (sub 4. lindeniano). GuatTemMaLA, Barranca Honda, Volcan de Fuego at 3800 feet (Salvin).—VENEZUELA ; CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 14. Anthurium friedrichsthalii, Schott in GEster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1855, p. 65, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 447; Cirst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 68; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 118 (sub A. rudgeano). Guatemala (Friedrichsthal). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 15. Anthurium hoffmannii, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 509; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 179. Anthurium margaritaceum, Baker in Refug. Bot. t. 280. Costa Rica, at Uruca, in the marshes of the river Verilla, near San José (Hoffmann). 16. Anthurium holtonianum, Schott in Gister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 350, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 544; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 199. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 428)—CotomsBi1a. Hb, Kew. 17. Anthurium karwinskii, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 522; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 206. SoutH Mexico, Colipa (Karwinskz). 18, Anthurium lancifolium, Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 480; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 69; Engler in DC. Moaogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 121. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba (Wendland). 19. Anthurium leuconeurum, Lemaire in Ill. Hort. t. 314; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 168. Mexico or CENTRAL AMERICA ? 90. Anthurium liebmannil, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p.165, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 519; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 183. Sourn Mexico, in Oaxaca at 4800 feet (Liebmann). 21. Anthurium mexicanum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 105. Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 993). | 99. Anthurium () Cardiophyllum) montanum, Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. p. 36. (Tab. XCVIIL.) Scandens, foliis longe petiolatis elongato-cordiformibus sursum gradatim attenuatis, auriculis semi- orbicularibus, sinu quam auricule angustiore rotundato, auricularum venis 2 excurrentibus reliquis (utrinque 9-11) parum prominentibus in pseudoneurum continuum unitis, pedunculis foliis subeequilongis, spatha quam spadix longiore basi dilatata amplexa. 432 AROIDEZ. Epiphytum scandens, caudice supra crassiusculo. Folia longe petiolata, vix coriacea, lamina elongato-cordiformi, 6—8-pollicari, sursum gradatim attenuata, vix acuta, auriculis semiorbicu- laribus, sinu quam auricule angustiore rotundato, ore aperto, petiolo quam lamina paulum longiore; auricularum venis 2, arcuatim excurrentibus, reliquis (utrinque 9-11) parum pro- minentibus in pseudoneurum continuum junctis. Pedunculi foliis subequilongi. Spatha luteo-viridis, ovato-lanccolata, circiter tripollicaris, patens, basi dilatata, amplexa. Spadie luteo-viridis, breviter stipitatus, spatha brevior. GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego, ridge above Calderas at 8300 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 93. Anthurium obtusilobum, Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 508; C&rst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 70; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 165. Costa Rica, San Miguel (Wendland). 24, Anthurium ochranthum, K. Koch in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1853, Append. p. 16; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 532; C&rst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p.71; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 187. Anthurium lapathifolhum, Schott in Gister. Bot. Wochenbl. 1857, p. 309, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 533. Costa Rica (Wendland); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 429). Hb. Kew. 25. Anthurium erstedianum, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 447; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 67; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 114. | Costa Rica, Naranjo (rsted). 26. Anthurium pallens, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 443; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 65; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. i. p. 111. Costa Rica, Desengafio 7800 feet (Wendland). 27. Anthurium pandureforme, Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 536; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 189. Anthurium panduratum, Schott in Cister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 182; Cérst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro- Am. p. 190. Costa Rica, Cartago (Grsted), without locality (Wendland). 28. Anthurium parvispathum, Hemsl. n. sp. Species affinitatis Anthurt chamissonis, a quo differt foliis basi rotundatis subtus pallidis, petiolis longioribus, spadice sessili. Caudex, ut videtur, abbreviatus. Folia longiuscule petiolata, subcoriacea, oblongo-lanceolata, absque petiolo 12-15 poll. longa, usque 23 poll. lata, basi rotundata, apice vix acuta, supra nitida venis immersis, subtus pallidiora, punctulata, nervis lateralibus primariis elevatis distan- tibus marginem versus inter se anastomosantibus, nervo collectivo a margine 3—4 lineas remoto interdum interrupto; petiolus crassiusculus, 8-10 poll. longus, a latere compressus, supra profundiuscule canaliculatus, marginibus subtilibus, geniculo parvo brevi. Pedunculus quam folia paullo brevior, graciliusculus, in siccis sulcatus. Spatha ovato-lanceolata, 3~1} poll. longa, AROIDE. 433 apice cuspidata, basi breviter amplectens. Spadix sessilis, cylindricus, 14-12 poll. longus, floribus parvis. Fructus deest. GUATEMALA, near Santa Rosa in Vera Paz (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 29. Anthurium pedatoradiatum, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 337, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 539; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 193. Anthurium pedatifidum, Regel et Linden, Gartenflora, 1866, p. 66, t. 501. Mexico (fide Schott). Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. 30. Anthurium podophyllum, Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 80; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 541; Engler, in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 199. Pothos podophyllus, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 22. Pothos laciniatus, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. x. (reprint, p. 12), fide Schott. Anthurium pseudopodophylium, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 338, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 540. Anthurium polytomum, Schott in Bonplandia, 1859, p. 337, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 542. Anthurium ghiesbrechtii, Linden ; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 588. South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), rocks of Mirador and Zacuapan at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6094), in the same localities (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 31. Anthurium porrectum, Schott in Gister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 443; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 112. Costa Rica, Desengafio at 7800 feet (Wendland). Var. microspadix, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 112; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 444 (species). Costa Rica, Naranjo (@rsted). 32. Anthurium protensum, Schott in (ster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 465; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 133. CrntraL America (sted). 33. Anthurium rigidulum, Schott in (ister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 438; Cérst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 65; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 108, excl. synon. Costa Rica, near Cartago (@rsted), on trees near San José (Hoffmann), without locality (Zndres).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. 34. Anthurium (Pachyneurium) salvinie, Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. p. 36. (Tab. XCIX.) Acaule, foliis petiolatis coriaceis oblanceolato-oblongis basin versus vix attenuatis basi rotundatis, venis utrinque circiter 11 patentissimis arcuatim in marginem excurrentibus vel superioribus in pseudoneurum junctis, pedunculis teretibus graciliusculis quam folia longioribus, spatha lanceolata quam spadix longiore. Herba acaulis, caudice radices aerias carnosas emittente. Folia petiolata, coriacea, epunctata, oblanceolato-oblonga, 1-2 pedalia vel ultra, deorsum leviter tantum attenuata, basi late rotun- data, apice acuminata, vix acuta, costa crassa, subtus basin versus acuta, venis lateralibus utringue circiter 11 patentissimis arcuatim in marginem excurrentibus vel supremis in pseudo- BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 3k 434 AROIDEZ. neurum margine approximatum junctis, petiolo crasso 2-3-pollicari, geniculo brevi. Pedunculi teretes, graciliusculi, foliis longiores. Spatha brunneo-purpurea, nitida, anguste lanceolata, spadice lilacino paulum longior, circiter 6-pollicaris. GuateMALa, Volcan de Fuego 3800 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 35. Anthurium scandens, Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras. Aroid. p. 78, et in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 106. Dracontium scandens, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 386. Dracontium repens, Descourt. Fl. Antill. vii. t. 499. Pothos violaceus, Swartz, p. 32, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 270. Anthurium violaceum, Schott, Meletem. p. 22; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 67. a. dolosum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 107; Schott in ister. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 179, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 437 (species); Girst. Preecurs. Fl, Centro- Am. p. 65. GuATEMALA, between San Pedro and Santa Lucia (Wendland). Engler refers Bernoulli’s no. 338, from Mazatenango, to this variety; but, judging from imperfect material, it looks more like ordinary 4. violaceum. g. violaceum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p.107; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. | p. 487 (species); Refug. Bot. t. 257. Pothos violaceus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 76, t.19; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 55; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 682. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3376).—Jamatca ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. y. leucocarpum, Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 107; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 437 (species). Anthurium violaceum, . forma angustifolia, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 68. Sout Mexico, near Jalapa at 3000 feet ( Galeotti, 6052), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1182)—San Domtineo and Porto Rico. Hb. Kew. 36. Anthurium scherzerianum, Schott in Caster. Bot. Wochenbl. 1857, p. 53, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 430; Regel, Gartenfl. 1865, t. 482; Fil. des Serres, t. 1794; Bot. Mag. t. 5319; CErst. Preecurs. Centro-Am. p. 65; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p- 117 (cum var. williamsit). GuatemaLa (Scherzer); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hoffmann). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 37. Anthurium schlechtendalii, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 75; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 476; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 142. Anthurium mexicanum, Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 11; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 470. Sours Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1335), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1787), Zacuapan and Trapiche de la Concepcion 3000 feet (Inebmann). Hb. Kew. AROIDEZ. 435 38. Anthurium spectabile, Schott in Cster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 469; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 144; Cirst. Preecurs. FI. Centro-Am. p. 69. Costa Rica, Volcan de Turrialba (Wendland). 39. Anthurium subcordatum, Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 181, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 489; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 156. GuaTeMALA (Wendland). 40. Anthurium subsignatum, Schott in Bonplandia, ix. p. 368; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 191. Costa Rica, Pedregal (Wendland). Cultivated specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 41. Anthurium tapinostachyum, Schott in GEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p. 180, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 445; Cirst. Preecurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p. 67; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. ii. p. 115. Costa Rica, near Candelaria (Hoffmann), Naranjo (Grsted). 42. Anthurium umbrosum, Licbm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 11; Schott, Prodr. Aroid. p. 150; Engler in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. p. 170. Soura Mexico, Cuesta de Teotalcingo, Oaxaca, 5000 feet (Liebmann). 43. Anthurium wendlandii, Schott in CEster. Bot. Zeitschr. 1858, p- 182, et Prodr. Aroid. p. 544; Cirst. Precurs. Fl. Centro-Am. p.72; Engler in DC. Prodr. Aroid. p. 198. Costa Rica, San Miguel ( Wendland). There are several unnamed and probably, in part at least, undescribed species of Anthurium in the Kew Herbarium, chiefly from Chontales in Nicaragua. Order CLV. LEMNACE. Lemnacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 1000; Hegelm. Die Lemnaceen. Very small, or even minute, floating or submerged aquatic herbs, spread over all temperate and tropical regions. Hegelmaier distinguishes three genera, namely Wolffia, Lemna, and Spirodela, while Bentham and Hooker treat the two last as sections of one. There are twenty-one species. 1. LEMNA. Lemna, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1038; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1001. Nine species, inhabiting freshwater in all temperate and tropical regions. 3&2 436 LEMNACEA. 1. Lemna gibba, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 970; Hegelm. Lemn. p. 145, tt. 11, 12, 13. figg. 1-9. Telmatophace gibba, Schleid. in Linnea, xiii. p. 391 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 6. Sour Mexico, canals near Mexico and Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 64), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller), without locality (Hahn).—EURoPE ; Asia?; AFRICA; AUSTRALIA; and widely dispersed in America. Hb. Kew. This was collected intermixed with Lemna valdiviana var. minima, and Wolffia columbiana, W. gladiata, and W. lingulata. 9. Lemna minor, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed, 1, p. 970; Hegelm. Lemn. p. 149, tt. 9,10; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 4; Liebm. Om Mexicos Aroideer, p. 3. Lemna minuta, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 872; Schleid. in Linnea, xii. p. 390. _ Soura Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann), without locality (Hahn). —This species is spread over nearly the whole area of the Order. Hb. Kew. The Mexican specimens were associated with Wolffia gladiata. 3. Lemna paucicostata, Hegelm. Lemn. p. 139, t. 8. Lemna minor, auct. plur. (non Linn.), ex grat. Griffith Notul. et Hegelm. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1865, p. 112. Guatemata (Friedrichsthal).—Mussouri to the Wust Inpres and CoLomsta, and widely dispersed in Asta; also occurring in Arrica and the Fit IsLanps. 4. Lemna polyrhiza, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 970; Wolff, Monogr. p. 28, tt. 16-21. | Spirodela polyrhiza, Schleid. in Linnea, xiii. p. 392; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iu. p. 7; Hegelm. Lemn. p. 151, tt. 13 (figg. 10-16), 14 et 15. SoutH Mexico, without locality, associated with L. valdiviana var. minima (Hahn).— Europe, especially central; Maperra; Eeypr; Asia; AvustraLtia; NortH AMERICA; West Inpies; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 5. Lemna trisulca, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p.790; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 5; Schleid. in Linnea, xiii. p. 391; Hegelm. Lemn. p. 134, tt. 5 et 6. figg. 1-18. Sours Mexico, without locality, growing with Wolffia gladiata (Hahn), near the city of Mexico (Berlandier); Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann).— Europes ; ALGERIA; Mav- Rit1us; Asta; Avustratia; North America. Hb. Kew. 6. Lemna valdiviana, Philippi in Linnea, xxxiii. p. 239; Hegelm. Lemn. t. 7. figg. 1-8. | New Jersey to New Mexico.—Sovurn Mexico, without locality (Hahn).—Bo.ivia and VaupiviA in South America. Hb. Kew. Hahn’s Mexican specimens are intermixed with Wolffia gladiata, W. lingulata, and W. columbiana. LEMNACEA. 437 y. ‘minima, Hegelm. Lemn. p. 138. CairorniA.—Souta Mexico, without locality (Hahn).—Ecvapor ; Cui. Hb. Kew. 2. WOLFFIA. Wolfia, Horkel; Schleid. in Linnza, xiii. p. 389; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iui. p. 1001. Twelve species are defined by Hegelmaier; they inhabit Europe, India, Tropical Africa, and Tropical and Temperate America. Some of them are so small as to be almost microscopic. | 1. Wolffia columbiana, Karst. Botan. Unters. i. (1865), p. 103; Hegelm. Lemn. p. 122, t. 1. figg. 1-13. Sout Mzxtco, near the city of Mexico (Hahn). —CoLomBiaA; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 2. Wolffia lingulata, Hegelm. Lemn. p. 132, t. 4. figg. 31, 32. Sourn Mexico, in the vicinity of the city of Mexico (Hahn). Hb. Kew. This was found growing with Wolffia gladiata, Lemna minor, L. valdiwiana, and Azolla caroliniana. In the Kew Herbarium is a specimen labelled by Hegelmaier “var. minor cum Ricci nutanti adherens.” 3. Wolffia gladiata, Hegelm. Lemn. p. 133, t. 3. fig. 24. Sourn Mexico, in the neighbourhood of the capital, growing with W. gladiata (Hahn). Ub. Kew. (The TrivurIDE#, consisting of two genera and about sixteen species, are apparently not represented within our limits, though they range from Brazil to Venezuela. Else- where the Order is only at home in Tropical Asia. | | | Order CLVI. ALISMACEE. Alismacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1003. Aquatic and marsh herbaceous plants, inhabiting all save the frigid regions. Including the Butomew, regarded by some botanists as an independent Order, there are twelve genera and about sixty species. 1. ALISMA. Alisma, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 460; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1004. Of this genus there are ten species, having nearly the same range as the Order; A. plantago is found in Europe, Asia, Africa, America, and Australia, but it is not known from within our limits. 1. Alisma tenellum, Mart. in Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1600; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 149; Seubert in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 105, t. 13. fig. 2. Echinodorus parvulus, Engelm.; A. Grey, Man. Bot. Northern U.S. 1865, p. 492. 438 ALISMACEA. Echinodorus subulatus, Engelm. in A. Gray’s Manual, ed. 1, p. 460, fide Micheli. Echinodorus tenellus, Buch. Ind. Crit. p. 21; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 47. MassacHUsEtts and Itino1s southward.—Mzexico, Vera Cruz (Miller, 2142), Orizaba (Weber).—Co.omBia and VENEZUELA to Guiana and Urvevay. Hb. Kew. 2. SAGITTARIA. Sagittaria, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1067; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1006. About fifteen species, generally diffused in the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres. 1. Sagittaria graminea, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p.190; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii. p. 897; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 70. Sagittaria acutifolia, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 397. Sagittaria stolonifera, Engelm. et A. Gr. Pl. Lindheim. p. 26. Sagittaria purshii, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 160. Canaba to Texas.—Mexico (Karwinski, in herb. Petrop. fide Micheli). 2. Sagittaria guyanensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 250; Kunth, Enum. Pi. iii. p. 161; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 42. Lophiocarpus guyanensis, Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iti. p. 62. Sagittaria echinocarpa, Mart. Amcenit. Bot. Monac. p. 6, t. 3. Alisma echinocarpa, Seubert in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 105. Echinodorus guyanensis, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 505. Sovrn Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), near Vera Cruz (Sar- torius); Panama (Seemann, 186; 8. Hayes, 414)——Common in Tropica, SovutH AmeERIcA; also occurring in the West InprEs, and widely spread in TropicaL Asia and Arrica. Hb. Kew. 3. Sagittaria lancifolia, Linn. Amon. Acad. v. p. 409; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 158; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 505; Bot. Mag. t. 1792; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 72 (varietates plures). Sagittaria plantaginifolia, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, P- 8). Sagittaria ovata, Redouté, Liliac. t. 411. Sagittaria angustifolia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1141. Sagittaria sellowiana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 159. Kentucky and Virginia southward.—SovurH Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 4892), Vera Cruz (Gouin); Guatemaa (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Greytown (Tate).—VENE- ZUELA to GUIANA and Brazit and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 4, Sagittaria macrophylla, Zucc. in Abhandl. K. Bayr. Akad. 1832, p. 289; Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 432; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog, ili. p. 71. Sagittaria mexicana, Steud. Nomen. Bot. Lovistana.—Mexico, canal near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 242), without loca- lities (Berlandier ; Schaffner ; Karwinski). Ub. Kew. ALISMACEA. 439 5. Sagittaria sagittifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 993; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 156; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 66. Var. mexicana, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 8); Micheli, loc. cit. p. 69. Texas.—Sovuta Mexico, lakes near Oaxaca at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 4891). Hb, Kew, This species has a very wide range in Europe, Asia, and North America. 3. ECHINODORUS. Echinodorus, L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. i. p. 365 (nomen tantum); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1006. Fourteen species are described from Tropical and Temperate North America, and one doubtful one from Senegambia. 1. Echinodorus bracteatus, Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 59. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 435), Empire station (S. Hayes, 432). Hb. Kew. Founded upon the two specimens cited in the Kew Herbarium. 2. Echinodorus ellipticus, Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 51 (varietates plures). Alisma ellipticum, Mart. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1607 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 153; Seubert in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. 1, p. 107, t. 13. fig. 4. Alisma andrieuxii, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beechey’s Voy. p. 311. Alisma pubescens, Mart. in Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vil. p. 1608. Sour Mexico, around Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 91) ; Nicaracua, San Nicolas (Tate).—Southward to Centra Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Echinodorus macrophyllus, Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 50. Alisma macrophyllum, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 151; Seubert in Mart. Fil. Bras. i. 1, p. 107. Alisma cordifolium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 3, p. 487, pro parte. Echinodorus muricatus, Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, vii. p. 11. Panama (Duchassaing).—Gutana ; Braziu; CAYENNE. Micheli treats the Panama plant as a distinct variety. 4. Echinodorus radicans, Engelm. in A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed 4, p- 492; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 55. Sagittaria radicans, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1837, v. p. 159. - Inurvois to Louisiana and Texas.—Sovutu Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Galeotti), without locality (Karwinski). | 5. Echinodorus virgatus, Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 54. Alisma virgatum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beechey’s Voy. p. 311. SourH Mexico, near the city of Mexico (Beechey). Ub. Kew. 440 ALISMACEA, 4, LIMNOCHARIS. Limnocharis, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 116, t. 34; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1009. An exclusively Tropical-American genus, of three or four species. 1. Limnocharis flava, Buch. Ind. Crit. Butom. p. 4; Micheli in DC. Monogr. -Phanerog. iii. p. 89. Alisma flavum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 486. Limnocharis emarginata, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 116, t. 84; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 248. Limnocharis plumieri, L. C. Rich. Mém. Mus. Par. i. pp. 370 et 374, tt. 19 et 20; Bot. Mag. t. 2525; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 167. Limnocharis laforesti, Duchass. ex Griseb. in Bonplandia, 1858, vi. p. 11. GuaTEMALA (hb. Vindob. ex Micheli); Nicaragua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 73); Panama (Seemann, 183, 184; S. Hayes, 417).—Cotomsia to Piru, Guiana, and BRAZIL. Order CLVII. NAIADACE. Naiadacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1009. As limited by Bentham and Hooker this Order includes several groups, some of which have been regarded as independent orders by various botanists and variously combined by others. They are:—Juncaginee, Aponogetoner, Potamex, Posidonies, Zanni- chelliese, Zosteree, Naiadex, and Cymodocee, ranking as tribes in the ‘Genera Plantarum.’ There are sixteen genera, comprising about 120 species, all herbaceous and mostly aquatic or marsh-plants, some of them inhabiting salt water. The Order is represented all over the world; and probably several genera, besides those of which we have seen specimens, exist within our limits, though they do not appear in any of our collections—such, for instance, as Ruppia, Zannichellia, and Zostera. 1. TRIGLOCHIN. . Triglochin, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 453; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1012. About twelve species, diffused over nearly all temperate and cold regions, and in places extending into subtropical regions. 1. Triglochin maritimum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 105; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 145; Lam. Ill. t. 270; Micheli in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. p. 105. Triglochin mexicanum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 244. Arctic Recions southward.—Sour Mexico, between Lake San Cristofer and Carpio at about 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Pataconta and Fureta; all over Europe and almost everywhere in Temperate Asia. Hb. Kew. | We have seen no Mexican specimens of this plant. NAIADACEA, 44] 2. POTAMOGETON. Potamogeton, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 174; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1014. Bentham and Hooker estimate the number of species at about fifty, independently of many subspecies and varieties regarded as species by other botanists. The genus is _ diffused throughout Temperate regions, and less commonly in the Tropics. 1. Potamogeton angustissimum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 370 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 138. Souta Mexico, between the Puerto de Andaracuas and Valladolid, Michoacan at 5500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). There is a Mexican specimen in the Kew Herbarium, collected by Schaffner, and named P. angustifolium, H. B. K., by him, which may be this species. 2. Potamogeton hybridus, Michx. Fl. Am.-Bor. i. p. 101; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, ii. p. 208, t. 5. fig. 17 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 132 ; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 486 ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. Canapa to Trexas.—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 856), near Morales (Schaffner, 549). Hb. Kew. ' 3. Potamogeton liebmanni, Buchenau in Abhandl. Naturw. Verein, Bremen, iii. 1873, p. 349. Sour Mexico, Pital (Liebmann). 4. Potamogeton lonchites, Tuckerman in Am. Journ. Sc. & Arts, vi. 1848, p- 226; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 505; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 486; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 196. | New Enevanp to I[LLiNo1s and southward.—Soutn Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner ; Bourgeau, 901), Jalapa (Galeotti). Hb. Kew. 5. Potamogeton lucens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 126; Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 132; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 487; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 196 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 506. Norra AMERIcA.—GuaTEMALA, Atitlan, near San Lucas (Bernoulli, 598).—West -Invies; Evrorz; Norra Arrica; Norra Asta; Norra-west Inpia. Hb. Kew. 6. Potamogeton natans, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 126; Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 127; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 195, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 484. _ North Amertca—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 535), Zacatecas (Hartweg, 243); Sours Mexico, Guanajuato (Dugés)—One of the common species, having nearly the same range as the genus. Hb. Kew. | 7. Potamogeton pauciflorus, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 121; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, ii. p. 176, t. 4. fig. 7; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 136; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 489; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 197, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 31 449 NAIADACEZ. CanaDa southward.—Mexico, Morales (Schaffner).—Also recorded from the Sanp- wicH ISLANDs. - 8. Potamogeton pectinatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 127; Kunth, Enum. PL iii. p. 187; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 490; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 198. CanapA to CALIFoRNIA and Fioripa.—SoutH Mexico, near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 321), in one small lagoon near Chapultepec (Schaffner); Bretisii Honpvuras, Belize (Bernoulli).—Evurore ; Asta; AFricaA; AustTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 9. Potamogeton perfoliatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 126; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 133; Chapman, Fl. Southern U.S. p. 446; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 197. Canapa to CALIFORNIA and FLoripaA.—GuaTEMALA, Laguna de Atitlan, near San Lucas (Bernoulli, 600).—Evropz; Norra Asta; West AFrica; AUSTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 3. NAIAS. Naias, Linn, Gen. Plant. n. 1018; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1018. About ten species, inhabiting fresh water in nearly all Temperate and Tropical regions. 1. Naias flexilis, Rostk. et Schm. Flora Sedin., ex Kunth, Enum, Pl. iii. p. 114; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 483; Cham. in Linnea, iv. p. 501. Naias canadensis, Michx. Fl. Am.-Bor. ii. p. 220 ; A. Gr. loc. cit. Canapa southward.—Souta Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), lagoons around Mexico (Schaffner); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate).—Also widely dispersed in Europe and Asia. Hb. Kew. Order CLVITI. ERIOCAULE. Eriocaulee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1019. Of this Order six genera are defined by Bentham and Hooker, all of which, except an African one of three species, are represented in America, where three of them are endemic ; while the remarkable genus Pepalanthus, comprising upwards of 200 species, is restricted to America, with the exception of a single species found in South Africa ; and only one species of the genus occurs in North America, the rest being South- American and having their greatest concentration in Brazil. Altogether there are about 325 species of this Order. 1. ERIOCAULON. Eriocaulon, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 100; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1020. This genus numbers about 100 species, widely diffused in warm countries, and a few occur in Temperate regions. ERIOCAULEZ. 443 1. Eriocaulon benthami, Kunth, Enum. PI. iii. p. 545; Keern. in Mart. FI. Bras. iii. p. 490. Eriocauli, sp. nov.? Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Sourn Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg); Guatemata (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Eriocaulon ehrenbergianum, Klotzsch ex Koern. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. p. 491. Eriocaulon benthami, Schl. in Linnea, xviii. p. 484, pro parte, nec Kunth. Souta Mexico, valley of Toluca, near La Ventilla (Schiede), Mineral del Monte and other localities (Hhrenberg ; Aschenborn). 3. Eriocaulon microcephalum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 253; Kunth, Enum. Pl. iii. p. 548 ; Keern. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. p. 492. South Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Liebmann).—AnprEs. Hb. Kew. Liebmann has given the Mexican plant a distinctive name, but we are not aware that he ever published it. 4. Kriocaulon schiedeanum, Keern. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. p. 492. Eriocauli species, an E. microcephalum, H. B. K.? Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 43. SoutH Mexico, near Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 5. Eriocaulon, sp. Eriocaulon benthami, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 221, non Kunth. Panama, in meadows near the city of Panama (Seemann, 295). Hb. Kew. 6. Hriocaulon, sp. Eriocaulon microcephalum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 311, non H. B. K. Eriocaulon benthami, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 337, non Kunth. Souta Mexico, Jalisco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. [The CENTROLEPIDEH are a small Order comprising four genera and about thirty species, nearly all Australian, with one in Eastern Asia and three or four in New Zealand and the extreme south of America. The REsTIAcEz, another Order not repre- sented within our limits, are more numerous, there being twenty genera and about 230 species, for the greater part inhabiting South Africa and Australia, a very few New Zealand, one Cochinchina, and one only South America. | Order CLIX. CYPERACE. Cyperacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1037. Sixty-one genera, numbering between two and three thousand species, dispersed over the whole world wherever phanerogamic vegetation exists. Upwards of 3000 species have been described ; but Bentham and Hooker estimate that there are barely 2200. 372 444 CYPERACEA, 1. CYPERUS. Cyperus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 66; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1043. Of this large and widely spread genus upwards of 700 species have been proposed ; but it is probable that a large number of them have been described under two or more names from different countries; and Bentham and Hooker estimate that there are not more than 400 really distinct ones. The Mexican species are in need of a thorough revision and comparison with those from other parts of the world. 1. Cyperus acutiusculus, Lag. Gen. et Sp. Pl. p. 2; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p- 105; Steud. Cyper. p. 54. MEXxIco, cultivated in the Madrid Botanic Garden from seed collected by Sessé. 2. Cyperus alpinus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 27; Steud. Cyper. p. 56. SovrH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 to 7500 feet (Liebmann). 8. Cyperus amabilis, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 318; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 108; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 85. Cyperus aureus, C. aurantiacus et C. oligostachyus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. pp. 204, 205 ; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. pp. 20, 21; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 494. Cyperus glareosus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. I6. SoutH Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Comaltepec (Lied- mann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1986); GuaTEMa.a, in the hot earth near the Air Volcanos in the neighbourhood of Ahuachapan (Skinner).—CotomBia to Perv, | Guiana, and Braziu; also in Tropical Asia and Arrica. Hb. Kew. 4. Cyperus apiculatus, Licbm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 32; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 673: Souro Mexico, San Antonio Huatusco at 4500 feet (Liebmann). 5. Cyperus aristatus, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 23, t. 6. fig. 1; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 500; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 91; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvill. p. 169. Cyperus squamosus, Linn. Amcen. Acad. iv. p. 308, partim, nec Rottb. Cyperus inflexus, Muehlb. Descr. Gram. p. 16. Cyperus purshii, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 177. Cyperus falciculosus, Liebm. Halvgr. p. 16. CanapA southward. Norra Mexico, Matamoros (Berlandier), near Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1330), San Rafael, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 563); Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2154), Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Yucatan (Schott).—Southward to Cutt and Paracuay; also in Tropical and Sub tropical Asia, Arrica, and AusrraLia. Hb. Kew. 6. Cyperus articulatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 44; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 274; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 155; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170. | Fioripa; Lovistana; Trexas.—Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2151), CYPERACEZ. 445 Guanajuato (Dugés), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Linden, 60); Nicaragua, Greytown (Late, 87, 504).—Co.omsia to Guiana and Brazit, and in the Wesr Inpizs; also in Asta, AFRIcA, and AusTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 7. Cyperus aschenbornianus, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 460. Mexico (Aschenborn). 8. Cyperus atrosanguineus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 40 (sub Marisco). SoutH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 to 7500 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 9. Cyperus bipontii, Bock. in Flora, 1857, p. 33. South Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz. 10. Cyperus brachystachys, Nees; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 310. Mexico (ex Beckeler).—SvuRINAM. 11. Cyperus breviradiatus, Licbm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 26. SoutH Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla at 2500 feet (Liebmann), Hb. Kew. 12. Cyperus camphoratus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 28; Boeck. in Linnea, XXxvi. p. 359. | SoutH Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla, Mirador, &c. (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 13. Cyperus canus, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 179; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 33 ; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 18. Soura Mexico, Mirador and Colipa, Vera Cruz, and San Augustin, Oaxaca (Lieb- mann); Guatemala (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 14. Cyperus caracasanus, Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 86; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 26; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 358. Souta Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann); Costa Rica, Aguacate (rsted). —Co.omBia. Hb. Kew. 15. Cyperus ciliatus, Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 25; Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 97; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 62; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 519; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p22, °° Souta Mexico, between Santa Fé and Plan del Rio (Schiede & Deppe). 16. Cyperus compressus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 46; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 517; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 97. Fioripa ; Lovistana.—Nicaraeua, Greytown (Tate, 57, 498); Panama, Chagres (fendler, 352).—CotompBia to Guiana and Brazit, and in the West Inpigs; also gene- rally dispersed in Tropical Asia and in Tropical and South Arrica. Hb. Kew. 17. Cyperus cuspidatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 204; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 22; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 496; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 88; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 16. 446 CYPERACEA. South Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann).—Gutana ; BraziL; also in Tropical Asta, Arica, and AvustraLia. Hb. Kew. 18. Cyperus cymbzformis, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 20; Steud. Cyper. p- 55; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 670. Nicaragua, near Granada; Costa Rica, Pitayaya and Cartago (@rsted). 19. Cyperus dipsaceus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 31. SoutH Mexico, Consoquitla (Ldebmann). Hb. Kew. 20. Cyperus discigerus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 24; Steud. Cyper. p. 55. South Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann). Jt, Cyperus dissitiflorus, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 266 ; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 364. . Lovistana.—SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2586); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes, 426). Hb. Kew. 22. Cyperus distans, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 103; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 612; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 144; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 29. Nicara@ua, Tepitapa (@rsted).— Widely dispersed in the TRopics. 23. Cyperus ehrenbergianus, Beck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 39. Mexico, without locality (Zhrenberg). 24. Cyperus elegans, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 45; Boeck. in Linnea, v. p. 532; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 126. | Cyperus laxus, Lam. Ill. i. p. 146; Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 28; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 563. Cyperus tolucensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 206; Kunth, Enum. i. p. 28. South Mexico, Nevado de Toluca at 10,000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland); Guatn- MALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 579 %), Volcan de Fuego (Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 496, 497); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes).—Southward to Paraguay and in the West InpiEs; also widely diffused in Tropical Asia. Hb. Kew. 25. Cyperus esculentus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 45; Host. Gram. iii. p. 50, t. 75; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 61; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 287; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 178. Cyperus hydra, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 205, non Mich. Cyperus rotundus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28, non Linn. Cyperus phymatodes, Muehl. Gram. p. 23; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad, xviii. p. 170. CanapaA southward.—Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 908); Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 254), region of Orizaba, and mountains of Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 526, 3286) ; Nicaragua, Javali (Tate, 501); Panama, Mamei (S. Hayes, 580).—Southward to Urvevay; also in Southern Europe and Tropical Arrica, Asta, and AustRaLIaA. Hb. Kew. CYPERACEA, 447 26. Cyperus firmus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 171; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 105; Steud. Cyper. p. 54. MEXICO. Beeckeler (Linnea, xxxvi. p. 340) suggests that this, from the description, may be the same as C. canescens, Vahl, a species having a wide range in the Tropics of the Old Weorld. 27. Cyperus flavescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 46; Clarke in Joum. Linu. Soc. xxi. p. 36; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 438. Kentucky to Frorma and Lovistanaw—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner) ; Costa Rica (ex Beckeler). —Southward to BRAZIL; also in Europe, Western Asia, and in AFRICA. 28. Cyperus flavicomus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 27; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv, p. 470; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. Viratnta southward.-—Soutn Mexico, Barranca of Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 528), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1989), Guanajuato (Dugés). Hb. Kew. 29. Cyperus flavus, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 384; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170. Mariscus flavus, Vahl, Enum. PI. ii. p. 374; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 218; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 118; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 40. - Cyperus flavamariscus, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 567. Norra Mexico, San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 565; Parry & Palmer, 909); Sour Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 1614), Chinantla 7000 feet (Liebmann), near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 428, 432, 661); GuarEMana, Duenas (Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes, 428).—Southward to Brazit and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 30. Cyperus fossarum, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 37; Steud. Cyper. p. 57. Sourn Mexico, near Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 31. Cyperus fragilis, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 38. ‘Sour Mextco, coast region neat Paso de Dofia Juana, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 32. Cyperus fulvescens, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 22; Steud. Cyper. p. 55. South Mexico, in the neighbourhood of Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann). 33. Cyperus giganteus, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 364; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 305. Soura Muxtco, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Linden, 70; Galeotti, 5787, 5788), Real del Monte, 5000 feet (Galeotti, 5841); Brrrise Honpuras (Zemple);° Nicaragua, near 448 CYPERACEZ. Granada (Lévy); Panama, Aspinwall (8. Hayes, 146, 593).—Gutana; Braz. Hb. Kew. | | 34. Cyperus granadinus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 36; Steud. Cyper. p. 57 ;. Walp. Ann. iii. p. 675. Nicaragua, near Granada (rsted). 35. Cyperus haspan, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 45; Kunth, Enum. PL ii. p. 34; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 574 (excl. var. a); Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 119. Cyperus gracilis, Muehl. Gram. p. 18. Cyperus nudus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 203. Kentucky to Firoripa and Texas.—Souta Mexico, Consoguitla, Mirador and Jical-. tepec (Liebmann); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes), near the city of Panama. (Seemann, 143).—Southward to Paraguay, and in the West Inpims; also in Tropical Asia, AFRICA, and AusTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 36. Cyperus humboldtianus, Schult. Mant. ii. p. 100; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 11; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 441. SovtH Mexico (Liebmann, fide Beckeler). 37. Cyperus humilis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii p- 23; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 449. . Cyperus tenerrimus, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 166; Kunth, Enum. Pl, ii. p. 44; Liebm. Mexicos. Halvgr. p. 21. Soutn Mexico, Acapulco (Henke).—Cupsa. 388. Cyperus incompletus, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 318 (excl. synon.); Beeck.. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 361; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170. Mariscus patulus, Schrad. in Nees, Cyp. Bras. Mariscus longiradiatus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 44. Souta Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Guanajuato (Dugés).—Brazit. 39. Cyperus ischnos, Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 99; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 3384; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 29. South Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede), Hacienda de Buenavista, between J alapa and Mirador, and Potrero de Consoquitla 2500 to 3000 feet (Liebmann), Borrego, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2978), Guadalupe (Schaffner, 4); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy), Javali, Chontales (Tate, 508).—Conomsia, and also in Inp1a, according to Beckeler, though it is not included in Clarke’s enumeration (Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. pp. 1-202). Hb. Kew. 40, Cyperus levigatus, Linn. Mant. p. 79; Beck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 486 ; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxi. p. 77; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 214. Cyperus mucronatus, Rottb. Desc. et Ic. p. 19, t. 8. fig. 4; H. B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p- 208 ;. Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 15. CaLirornia.—SoutH Mexico, Leon (Hartweg, 240).—Generally dispersed in the Tropics, and extending beyond to SournurN Evrorr, Sour Arrica, &c. Hb. Kew. CYPERACEA. 449 41. Cyperus lateriflorus, Torr. in Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 226. NortH Mexico, Santa Cruz, Sonora (Wright, 1950). Hb. Kew. 42. Cyperus leucolepis, Beck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 610. Soura Mexico, without locality (Coulter, 1611). 43. Cyperus liebmanni, Steud. Cyper. p. 7. Cyperus inconspicuus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 9; Walp. Ann. iil. p. 665. Costa Rica (Grsted). 44, Cyperus ligularis, Linn. Amcen. Acad. v. p. 31; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 69; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 332; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 196. Mariscus rufus, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 216, t. 67. SoutH Mexico, between Mexico and Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 215); Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 355).—Co.oms1a to BraziL; also in Tropical Arrica and AusTRaLia, Hb. Kew. 45. Cyperus luzulx, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 23, t. 13. fig. 2; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 43; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 561; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 20. SourH Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann), Tuspango (Bourgeau, 2385); Nicaragua, Grey- town (Tate, 500); Panama (Seemann, 148).—CoLomBia to Perv, Gurana, and Brazin, and in the West INDIEs. 46. Cyperus macrocephalus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p: 33. SoutH Mexico, coast region on the Rio Nautla near Pital (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 47. Cyperus melanostachyus, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 207; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 13 (varietates); Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 455; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 67; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. _ Cyperus variegatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 208. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 904; Schaffner, 568) ; SoutH Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 1613), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 431), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1985), Chinantla and San Lorenzo, Tehuacan (Liebmann) ; Guatem4La, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin).—CotomBia to Botrvia. Hb. Kew. 48, Cyperus mexicanus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 39; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 677. Sout Mexico, Santa Maria, Tlapacoyo, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 49, Cyperus mutisil, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 387. Mariscus mutisii, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 216, t. 66. Mariscus karwinskianus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 123. Mariscus mexicanus, Steud. Cyper. p. 64. Mariscus oaracensis, Steud. Cyper. p. 65 ? South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1984; Bourgeau, 2979).—Pernv ; Braziz. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1889. 3m 450 CYPERACEA. 50. Cyperus obesus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 23; Steud. Cyp. p. 55. Souta Mexico, Hacienda de Mirador, at 3000 feet, and Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann). 51. Cyperus crstedii, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 36; Steud. Cyper. p. 57; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 676. Nicaraaua, near Segovia (@rsted). 52. Cyperus olfersianus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 10; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p- 439; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 62. Cyperus helvus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 9. Cyperus ambiguus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 11, non Steud. Cyperus correctus, Steud. Cyper. p. 7. SoutH Mexico, San Antonio, Huatusco, 4500 feet, and Mecapolca (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1765; Bourgeau, 2731); Guatemana, Mazatenango and Chojoja (Bernoulli, 418, 575).—Cusa to Urnvavay. Hb. Kew. 53. Cyperus perpusillus, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 499. SouTtH Mexico, without locality (Coulter, 1611, ex parte). 54. Cyperus piceus, Licbm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 12; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 495 in nota (ubi errore picreus) ; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 43. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1987, partim), neighbourhood of San Pedro Nolasco, and San Antonio Huatusco, 4500 feet (Ziebmann). Hb. Kew. 55. Cyperus polystachyus, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 39, t. 11. fig. 1; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 477; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 51 (varietates plures). Cyperus microdontus, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 255, et in Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 226. Cyperus texensis, Steud. Cyper. p. 9. Cyperus fugax, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 8. Pycreus olfersianus, Nees, in Mart. Fl. Brasil. Cyper. p. 8, non Cyperus olfersianus, Kunth. New Jersry to Fioripa and Texas.—Sourn Mexico, Morelia at 6000 feet (Galeott?, 9843), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2155).—Spread over nearly all Tropica, and SUBTROPICAL REGIONS in the world. Hb. Kew. 56. Cyperus prolixus, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 206; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 79; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 593; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 24. South Mexico, San Antonio, Huatusco (Liebmann), Escamella, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2976 ; Miller, 1980); Guaremata, San Geronimo and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Cotompra to Urnvavay. Hb. Kew. 57. Cyperus pycnostachyus, Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 77; Boeck. in Linnea, XXXvi. p. 322. Mariscus pycnostachyus, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 215, t. 65. CYPERACEZ. 451 South Mexico, between Puerto de Andaracuas and Jurirapundaro at 5700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Aschenborn ; Schaffner). 58. Cyperus pygmezus, Rottb. Desc. et Ic. p. 20, t. 14. figg. 4,5; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 493; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 15. Cyperus pygmeus, var.? aztecorum, Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 83. SoutH Mexico, Colipa, Jicaltepec and Pital (Ziebmann).—CuBa. Hb. Kew. The typical C. pyymeus is very widely spread in the Old World. 59. Cyperus rufinus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 34; Steud. Cyper. p. 57. SoutH Mexico, Tehuacan and San Lorenzo (Liebmann). 60. Cyperus ruizianus, Beck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 360. Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—CoLoMBIA ; PERv. 61. Cyperus schaffneri, Boeck. in Flora, 1878, p. 30. SoutH Mexico, in the valley of Mexico (Schaffner). 62. Cyperus schweinitzii, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 276; Beeck. in Linneea, xxxv. p. 518. From the Lake Reeron to Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Sonoita valley (Rothrock) ; Soura Mexico, Tacubaya (Bourgeau)? Hb. Kew. 63. Cyperus selloanus, Beck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 446. Mexico (Berlandier).—BRazi.. 64. Cyperus semiochraceus, Boeck. in Flora, 1878, p. 29. Soura Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). 65. Cyperus sertularinus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 25; Steud. Cyper. p. 56; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 671. Nicaracua, Masaya (@rsted). 66. Cyperus seslerioides, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 209; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 44; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 498. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 910); Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1993), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 256), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 212), without locality (Bates; Graham), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1611, 1612), Mirador (Linden, 280), mountains near Morelia 7000 to 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5826).—Also on the Orinoco. Hb. Kew. 67. Cyperus simplex, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 207; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 26; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 531; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 18. SoutH Mexico, Jocotepec, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &c. (Jurgensen, 657).—CotomBia to Perv, Guiana, and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 68. Cyperus spectabilis, Schreb.; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 605 (varietates) ; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 142. 3m2 452 CYPERACEZ. , Cyperus triceps, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 697. Cyperus manime, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 209; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 31. Cyperus asperrimus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 30, cum var. (. Cyperus scaberrimus, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 697. Cyperus divergens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 208. Soura Mexico, Mirador and Consoquitla (Liebmann), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 255), without locality (Graham)—Costa Rica (ex Beckeler). Hb. Kew. 69. Cyperus sphacelatus, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 26; Kunth, ‘Enum. Pl. ii. p. 63; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 292; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 565. Panama, Empire station (8. Hayes, 425, 449 1).—Wusr Inpies to Braz. Hb. Kew. 70. Cyperus squalidus, Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 11; Steud. Cyper. p. 7; Walp. Ann. ili. p. 666. Costa Rica, San José (Ersted). 71. Cyperus surinamensis, Rottb. Deser. et Ic. p. 35, t. 6. fig. 5; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 554; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 116; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 20. Sourn Mexico, Antigua, Paso de Dofia Juana, Jicaltepec, Mirador, &c. (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1971), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2291) ; Guarema.a, Duefias 4950 feet (Salvin).—Co.Lomia to Perv, Guiana, and Braziu, and in the Wzsr Inpies. Hb. Kew. 72. Cyperus tetragonus, Ell. Sketch Bot. S. Car. i. p. 71; Chapman, FI. Southern U.S. p. 507. Carona to FLoRIDAA—MeExico, without locality (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 73. Cyperus thyrsiflorus, Jungh. ex Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 24; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 86; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 365; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 26. SourH Mexico, near the city of Mexico and region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2591, 2631), Colipa, Jicaltepec and Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann); Guatemata, Volcan de Fuego (Salvin); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 351).—Cotoms1a to Braziu. Hb. Kew. 74. Cyperus unioloides, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. p. 216; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 61 (8. bromoides). Cyperus bromoides, Willd. ex Link, Jahrb. iii. p. 85; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. Pp. 8. Cyperus pseudobromoides, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 464. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2733); Guaremata, Duefias (Salvin).— VENEZUELA to Paraguay. Hb. Kew. Other varieties of this species are found in India, Australia, and South Africa. 75. Cyperus vegetus, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 288; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 40; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 82; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p.19; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p- 990; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 115. Sourn MExico, near the city of Mexico (Schiede). CYPERACEZA. 4538 This species is only recorded from extratropical South America and the island of Juan Fernandez by Beeckeler and Clarke. 76. Cyperus virens, Michx. Fl. Am. Bor. i. p. 29; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 003; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 116; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. Ftoripa to Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 562), Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1982), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2165); Guaremaza, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 77. Cyperus viscosus, Ait. Hort. Kew. i. p. 59; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 28; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 547; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. p. 114; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 563. Mexico (ex Kunth).—VENEZUELA ; West INDIES. In addition to the foregoing Cyperi there are several species described by Liebmann in his ‘ Mexicos Halvgres,’ pp. 40-43, under Mariscus; but, as we have no means of comparing them, we forbear giving them names under Cyperus. They are :—WMariscus astrosanguineus, Liebm. ; M. asper, Liebm. ; VM. tribachiatus, Liebm. ; UM. pallens, Liebm. ; and M. ambiguus, Liebm. 2. KYLLINGA. Kyllinga, Rottb. Desc. et Ic. Pl. p. 12, t. 4; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1045 (Kyllingia, auct. plur.). Upwards of fifty species have been proposed and described. but Bentham and Hooker estimate that there are scarcely more than twenty distinct ones. They are generally dispersed in warm countries. The Mexican and Central-American species need revision; but we think that there are not more than four altogether. 1. Kyllinga brevifolia, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 18, t. 4. fig. 3; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 424. As limited by Beeckeler, this has a very wide range both in America and the Old World; he records it from Mexico, and Hayes’s Panama 300 is probably this species. | 2. Kyllinga cexspitosa, Nees, Cyper. Brasil. p. 12, excl. synon. kunthiana, ex Beeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 411 (varietates); Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 45. Kyllinga pumila, a. humilis, Kunth ex Beeck. 1. c. Frorma ; Lovistana.—Souta Mexico, Colipa, Antigua, &c. (Liebmann), valley of Cordova and region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2164, 2587, 2737), San Gerdénimo, near Mexico (Bourgeaw, 662); GuatemaLa, near Coban (Ziirckheim); Costa Rica (ex Beckeler) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 343).—Southward to Perv and Braziu and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 454 CYPERACEA. There may be more than one species included under the numbers cited for this species. 3, Kyllinga liebmanniana, Steud. Cyper. p. 67. Kyllinga microcephala, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 46; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 681, non Steud. SourH Mexico, Colipa, Vera Cruz (Liebmann). 4, Kyllinga odorata, Vahl, Enum. Pl. i p. 382; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 410 (varietates) ; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 40. ; Fioripa.—Souta Mexico, Antigua and Colipa, Vera Cruz (iebmann), Izhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2589), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1990, 1991); Costa Rica (ex Beckeler).—CotomBia to Brazi.; also in Tropica, Arrica. Hb. Kew. Beeckeler refers K. sesquiflora, Torrey, to this species. 5. Kyllinga vaginata, Lam., fide Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 416. Kyllinga aphylla, Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 127; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 46; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 568. Mexico (ex Grisebach) ; Nicaragua, Greytown (Late, 515), without locality (Grsted) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 349), Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 563).—Southward to Ecuapor, and in Tropica, Arrica. Hb. Kew. 3. HELEOCHARIS. Heleocharis, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 224 (Hleocharis); Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1047. This genus is spread over nearly the whole area of the Order in marshy places, including into the Arctic regions. Upwards of eighty species are enumerated, but many of them stand upon very slender characters. 1. Heleocharis acicularis, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 224; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 431; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p.171, et Bot. Calif. ii. p- 221; Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228. Scirpus acicularis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 48. Chetocyperus acicularis, Nees, Cyper. Brasil. p. 94. Chetocyperus polymorphus, a. depauperatus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 54. Chetocyperus urceolatus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 55. Catirornia to Texas.—Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 574; Parry & Palmer, 914); South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller), Dos Puentes between Totutla and Huatosa; also at San Lorenzo, and at Chinantla, Puebla (Lied- mann); Satvabor (Bernoulli)—SovutH AMERICA and the West Inp1zs; also common in Tropical and Temperate regions in the OLD WorLpD. Hb. Kew. 2. Heleocharis arenicola, Torr. in Engelm. & A. Gr. Pl. Lindh. p. 30; Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170, et Bot. Calif. ii. p. 222. CYPERACEZ. 455 CaLIFoRNIA to Texas.—NortH Mexico, near Morales and at Pefiasco, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 577, 578). 3. Heleocharis calyptrata, Steud. Cyper. p. 81. Limnochloa calyptrata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 56. Nicaraaua, near Segovia (Ersted). Hb. Kew. 4, Heleocharis cancellata, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170. Norra Mexico, near Morales (Schaffner, 575), region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 912). Hb. Kew. 5. Heleocharis capitata, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. p. 225; Benth. Fl. Austr. vil. p. 296; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 461; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170; Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228. Eleogenus capitatus, Nees, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 57. Texas; New Mexico; Sovrn Mexico, Antigua, Colipa, Misantla, &c. (Liebmann) ; NicaRaGua, environs of Granada (Lévy), Greytown (Yate); PAnama (ex Backeler).— Widely distributed over the warmer regions of the OLD WoRLD, as well as AMERICA. Hb. Kew. 6. Heleocharis chetaria, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 154; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 140; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 428. Heleocharis depauperata et H. trichoides, Kunth, Enum. ii. pp. 140, 141. Scirpus retroflexus, Poir, Encycl. vi. p. 753. Chetocyperus niveus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 54. Chetocyperus depauperatus et C. trichoides, Steud. Cyper. p. 73. Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate), near Cartago (rsted); Panama, Chagres (S. Hayes, 341; Seemann).—Co.omBia to Brazit, and in the West InpiEs; also in Inpia. Hb. Kew. 7. Heleocharis densa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 27; Steud. Cyper. p. 82. Sour Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. Beeckeler (Linnea, xxxvi. p. 470) reduces this to H. geniculata, Roem. et Schult., from which it appears to differ in the culms not being distinctly septate. 8. Heleocharis dombeyana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 145; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 450. Heleocharis truncata, Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 118. Limnochloa truncata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 56. Heleocharis montana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 27, nec Roem. et Schult. Georeia; Lovistana.x—Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 918); Sovrn Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet, San Felipe and Hacienda de Castresana (Liebmann), Guanajuato (Hartweg, 241), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2148), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 434).—Purv. Hb. Kew. | S. Watson (in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 170) refers Parry and Palmer’s 913 to 456 CYPERACEZ. H. palustris. We have followed Beeckeler in reducing H. montana of the ‘ Plante Hartwegiane,’ and ZH. truncata, Schl., to this species. 9. Heleocharis geniculata, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 150; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 152; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 469. Limnochioa geniculata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 56. Souta Mexico, Huatusco and the neighbourhood of Tiuzutlan, Puebla, at 7000 feet (Liebmann), Jalapa (Linden, 62; Galeotti, 5736), without locality (Harris); GuaTEMALA, Dueiias (Godman & Salvin); Panama (Hayes).—CoLomBia to Guiana and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 10. Heleocharis liebmanniana, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 439. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). 11. Heleocharis nana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 140; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 421. Mexico (Sartorius ex Bockeler).—CoLoMBIA to CHILI and Braziu. 12. Heleocharis nodulosa, Schult. Mant. ii. p. 87; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 468. Eleogenus nodulosus, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 104; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 57. Feleocharis mutata, Schl. Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 184? Limnochloa mutata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 56? South Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede), Jicaltepec and Mirador (Liebmann); Costa Rica (Hoffmann) ; Panama (Seemann).—Perrvu ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. Beeckeler (Linneea, xxxvi. p. 472) refers Schiede’s plant to H. fistulosa, Schult., the distribution of which he records as Colombia to Guiana and Brazil; West Indies; Madagascar ; India and Ceylon. 13. Heleocharis ovata, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 224; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 151; Beeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 462. NortH AmERica.—Souta Mexico, San Blas to Guadalajara (Coulter, 1624).—Evrorx ; EasTerRN Asia and the Sanpwicu Isuanps. Hb. Kew. Beeckeler is our authority for this species inhabiting North America; but the name does not occur in the North-American Floras, and doubtless :what he refers here is regarded as some other species by American botanists. 14. Heleocharis radicans, Steud. Cyper. p. 74 (sub Chatocypero). South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 9000 feet (Galeotti, 5748). 15. Heleocharis reptans, Beck. in Flora, 1857, p. 34 (sub Cheetocypero). SoutH Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz. 16. Heleocharis spiralis, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. p. 224; Boeck. in Linnea, Xxxvi. p. 473. | Mexico (Henke).—Soutn Amzrica and West Inprzs. CYPERACEZ. 457 Beeckeler is our authority for this occurring in Mexico. There is probably the same plant in the Kew Herbarium from Nicaragua (Tate, 517) and Panama (Seemann, 130). 17. Heleocharis stolonifera, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 424. Chetocyperus stoloniferus, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 695 ; Steud. Cyper. p. 74. MeExico (Aschenborn). 18. Heleocharis sulcata, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 294; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 446. Scirpidium sulcatum, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 98. South Mexico, Chapultepec (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 2149); GuatemaLa, between Coban and Gualan (Bernoulli, 801); Panama (Seemann, 141).— CoLomBIA to GuiIANA and southward to Buenos Ayres. Hb. Kew. 19. Heleocharis triflorus, Bceck. in Flora, 1880, p. 437. Mexico (Liebmann). 4. DICHROMENA. Dichromena, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 87; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1047. A genus of about eight species restricted to North and Tropical South America and Western Tropical Africa, where one of the American species recurs. There is also a plant in the Kew Herbarium, from Madagascar, which may belong to this genus. 1. Dichromena leucocephala, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 37; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 275; Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 229; Chapman, Fl. Southern U. S. p- 530; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviil. p. 171. Rhynchospora leucocephala, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvil. p. 582. Rhynchospora stellata, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 577. The Bermupas; New Jersey to FLoripa and Texas.—Sovutu Mexico, Lagos (Hartweg), Rio Blanco, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2629), Vera Cruz (Miller, 2151).—Southward to Braz and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. Dichromena nervosa, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 241. Rhynchospora nervosa, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 529. Dichromena ciliata, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 240; Kunth, Enum, Pl. ii. p. 276; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 59. Rhynchospora vahliana, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 577. Dichromena globosa, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 90; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 276. Dichromena pura, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 112, in nota; Steud. Cyper. p. 135. Rhynchospora pura, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 577. SoutH Mexico, Huitamalco, Puebla, and Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann), without locality (Harris); Costa Rica (ex Backeler); Panama, Chagres (Kendler, 342; Hinds).— CoLomBia to CHILI, GuiANAa and BraziL, ana in the Wrst Inpizgs. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMEB., Bot. Vol. Il, February 1885. 3% 458 CYPERACEE. 8. Dichromena pubera, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 241; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 275, excl. synon. fide Boeck. Rhynchospora pubera, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 528. Dichromena humboldtiana, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 111. Dichromena radicans, Jungh. ex Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 28; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 59. Dichromena tenuis, Steud. Cyper. p. 135. Sourh Mexico, woods at 3000 feet in the Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5719), Jalapa, Vera Cruz (Linden, 78, 105), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 1956, 1957 bis), Santa Maria, Tlapacoyo, Hacienda de Jovo &c. (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2585), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 658), without locality (Ghiesbreght ; Harris); Costa Rica (ex Beckeler).—VENEZUELA to GUIANA and BRAZIL, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. . We should regard the Mexican plant as specifically distinct from the South-American and West-Indian with which Boeckeler associates it, for all the specimens that we have seen are at once distinguishable by their slender habit and solitary spikelet; but as we have not had an opportunity of examining authentic specimens of Vahl’s proposed species, we follow Boeckeler in the synonymy. [Pstlocarya, a genus closely allied to Dichromena, is restricted by Bentham and Hooker to four species, three of which inhabit North America and one Cuba; the Mexican species referred by Boeckeler to this genus being placed in Rhynchospora.] 5. FIMBRISTYLIS. Fimbristylis, Vahl, Enum. Pl. i. p. 285; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1048. A large genus generally diffused in Tropical countries ; rare in Temperate and absent from Frigid regions. About 300 species have been published; many of them, however, are repetitions or mere varieties, and Bentham and Hooker estimate the number to be retained at barely 200. 1. Fimbristylis autumnalis, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 97; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 227; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 38; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviil. p. 171; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 50; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 136. Scirpus autumnalis, Linn. Mant. p. 180. Trichelostylis mucronulata, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 355. Canapa to Texas.—SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann).—VENEZUELA to Brazi.; West Inpins; TROPICAL “ASU ; POLYNESIA. is We have seen no Mexican specimens that we could refer with certainty to this species. CYPERACEZ, 459 2. Fimbristylis capillaris, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 567 ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171. Fimbristylis capillacea, Hochst. ; Steud. Cyper. p. 111. Scirpus capillaris, Linn. Mant. p. 321; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 759. Isolepis capillaris, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 118; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 211. Scirpus tenuifolius, Rudge, P]. Guian. p. 18, t. 22. Oncostylis tenuifolia, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 51. Isolepis bufonia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 222. Isolepis asperula, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 221; Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 26. Oncostylis truncata, O. tenuifolia, O. dubia, O. ciliata, et O. arenaria, Nees, Cyper. Bras. pp. 83-85. CanaDa southward.—Norru Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 915, 916); Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba and Pedregal near the city of Mexico (Bourgeau, 433, 2632), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Consoquitla, Chinantla and Tuzamapa (Liebmann).—Cotoms1a to Perv, Guiana, and Brazi., and in the WEstT Inpizs; also in Tropical Arrica and Temperate and Tropical Asia. Hb. Kew. 3. Fimbristylis castanea, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 292; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 236; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 18. Fimbristylis spadicea, Auct. American. fide Beeckeler. New Jersey to Texas.—MeExico (ex Backeler). This species, F. ferruginea, Vahl, F. spadicea, Vahl, and F. pentastachya, Boeck., are very closely allied and difficult to distinguish from each other, and probably some of the specimens referred by Liebmann to F. ferruginea are really I. castanea. 4, Fimbristylis crassipes, Beck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 392. Mexico (Hahn). 5. Fimbristylis ferruginea, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 291; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 286; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 49; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 16; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 572. ' This is recorded from Mexico by Kunth, and it is probable that Linden’s 1332 from Tabasco is what Boeckeler regards as this species, which on the same authority is generally dispersed in warm countries. 6. Fimbristylis miliacea, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 287; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 230; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 51; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii p. 43. GuaTEMALA, Chojojé, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 435); Nicaragua, neighbour- hood of Granada (Lévy), Javali (Tate, 513); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 139), Chagres (Fendler, 347).—Tropical Asia and AUSTRALIA, and in the MascaRENE Istanps. Hb. Kew. | 7. Fimbristylis monostachya, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 61; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 308. Abildgaardia monostachya, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 296; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 53; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 48; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 569. 37” 2 460 CYPERACE. Sour Mexico, near Tnzamapa and Hacienda de Buenavista (Liebmann).—Generally dispersed in the Tropics, and extending into some ExtratropicaL Reaions. Hb. Kew. Liebmann’s specimens are the only ones we have seen from within our limits. 8. Fimbristylis pentastachya, Boeck. in Flora, 1857, p. 36, et in Linnea, Xxxvil. p. 17. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Sartorius). We have seen no authenticated specimens of this species, but from the description Linden’s 265, from Mirador, is probably it. 9. Fimbristylis polymorpha, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 14. Fimbristylis brizoides, Nees et Meyen, Cyper. Bras. p. 74; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 50, cum var. pumila. Fimbristylis juncifolia, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 190. Fimbristylis humboldtii, Presl, 1. c. Very widely diffused in TropicaL and TEMPERATE REGIONS, and common in MExico and Cenrrat America. Hb. Kew. [F. preslii, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 228 (Abildgaardia pubescens, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 180), recorded from Mexico and Luzon, is unknown to us. | 10. Fimbristylis spadicea, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 294; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 237; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 19. Groraia to Texas.—Mexico and Costa Rica (ex Backeler)—CoLomBia to GUIANA and Brazit, and in the West INDIES. 11. Fimbristylis sublateralis, Steud. Cyper. p. 114. GuatEeMALa (Duchassaingq). 12. Fimbristylis vahlii, Link; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 224; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 51; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 8. Fuoripa to Texas._-Soutn Mexico, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann).—GuIana. 13. Fimbristylis vestita, Hemsl. Scirpus vestitus, Reichb. in Weigelt. Pl. Surinam. ex Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 754. Oncostylis hispida, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 52. Isolepis vestita, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 210. Isolepis hispida, Steud. Cyper. p. 104. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann).—Gutana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 6. SCIRPUS. Scirpus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 67; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1049. This genus is generally dispersed and is numerous in species, upwards of 300 having been described, though many of them (a third according to Bentham and Hooker) should be reduced. 1. Scirpus berlandieri, Steud. Cyper. p. 103. South Mexico, Tampico (Berlandier). CYPERACEA. 461 | 2. Scirpus cubensis, Pceppig et Kunth ex Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p.172; Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 240; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 1050. Anosporum cubense, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 413. South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Hahn); Guatemata, Duefias (Godman & Salvin).— Widely dispersed in South America and the West Inpius ; also occurring in Tropical Arrica. Hb. Kew. 3. Scirpus () Isolepis) cyperoides, Hemsl. n. sp. Species insignis facie Cyperi drummondii et C. acuminati, sed species vera Scirpi spicule glumis subquinquefariam imbricatis. Herba perennis, cespitosa, undique glabra; folia plana, usque ad 4 lineas lata, sursum longe attenuata, 6-12 poll. longa, marginibus scabridis ; culmi teretes vel compressi, nec angulati, sepius folia longe superantes, usque ad bipedales, apice capitulis spicularum 3-6 subumbel- latim congestis, uno (vel interdum pluribus) sessili, reliquis ineequaliter pedunculatis, rarius capitulo solitario; involucri bractee pauce, ineequales, capitulum superantes ; spicule numero- sissime, multiflore, arctissime congeste ; glume subquinquefariam imbricatze, naviculares, carinate, abrupte acuminate, atrofusce, cum carina viridi; stamen sepissime (an semper 2) unicum ; styli3; nux sessilis, brevis, acute triquetra, levis.— Cyperus ?, S. Wats. in Proc. ‘Am. Acad. xviii. p. 169. Nort Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 905), Pozos (Schaffner, 566). 4. Scirpus heterocarpus, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171. Norta Mexico, Pefiasco, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 573); South Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 778). Hb. Kew. 5. Scirpus lacustris, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.1, p. 48; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 712; Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 217. Scirpus validus, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ui. p. 268; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 165. Nort America.—-SoutH Mexico (Hartweg ; Bourgeau, 525).—Widely dispersed in the OLD WorLp. Hb. Kew. 6. Scirpus melanocarpus, Boeck. in Flora, 1857, p. 37 (sub Holoscheno). Souta Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz. 7. Scirpus parvulus, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. p. 124; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 477. Norta America.—Mexico (Berlandier ; Liebmann).—EvRoPE. 8. Scirpus olneyi, A. Gr. in Pl. Lindh. p. 30; Torr. Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi p. 710; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 218. Cauirornia to Texas.—Mexico (fide Watson et Backeler). 9, Scirpus pseudo-junciformis, Beck. in Flora 1857, p. 35 (sub Isolepide). Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz. 462 CYPERACEZ. 10. Scirpus pungens, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 255; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 708; Torr. Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 228; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 218. Norta America.—Mexico, Leon (Hartweg).—Soutn America; EvROPE; AUSTRALIA; New Zeatanp. Hb. Kew. 11. Scirpus riparius, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 193; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 717; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 217. Nort America.—Mexico (ex Beckeler)—SovutH AMERICA; MEDITERRANEAN REGION ; AFRICA ; AUSTRALIA. 12. Scirpus supinus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 49; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 699; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171. . Norta AmericaA.—Norta Mexico, Pefiasco, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 571).— Widely dispersed in the OLD Wor tp. 13. Scirpus tenuispicatus, Boeck. in Linnwa, xxxvi. p. 740. South Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner ?). In addition to the foregoing there are probably several other species of the genus within our limits, including S. maritimus, Linn., a very widely dispersed one. Further there are some doubtful plants, published under Isolepis, from Mexico. Thus:— Isolepis echinulata, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 205; Isolepis junciformis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 222 (Oncostylis, Lieom. Mexicos Halver. p. 52); and I. panamensis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 351 (J. corymbosa, Presl, 1. c. p. 188). 7. ERIOPHORUM. Eriophorum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 68; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1052. A genus of about ten species inhabiting Europe, extratropical Asia, and North America. 1. Eriophorum cyperinum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 77; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. i. p. 1052. Scirpus cyperinus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 170. Scirpus eriophorus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 83; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 731; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 521. Trichophorus cyperinum, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 69; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 58. Canapa southward.—SoutH Mexico, San Antonio Huatusco at 4500 feet (Liebmann). We have seen no Mexican specimens of this remarkable and very distinct sedge. 8, FUIRENA. Fuirena, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 70, t. 19. fig. 8; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1053. Between twenty and thirty species, generally diffused in warm countries. CYPERACEZ. 463 1. Fuirena hexacheta, Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 69, et Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 135; Steud. Cyper. p. 127; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 58. SoutH Mexico, valley of Toluca near La Ventilla (Schiede). 2. Fuirena simplex, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 384; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 183; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 105. Fuirena obtusiflora et F. schiedeana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 183; Schl. in Linnea, xix. p. 69; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 58. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Schiede; Ehrenberg).——CuBa. 8. Fuirena squarrosa, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 37; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p- 184; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 106; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171; Chapman, Fl. Southern U. S. p. 514 (varietates). CANADA southward on the eastern side of the continent.—NortH Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1336), San Rafael, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 567); South Mexico, Regla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 4. Fuirena umbellata, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 70, t. 19. fig. 3; Kunth, Enum. PL. ii. p. 185; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 110; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 573. Fuirena tereticulmis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 186; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 59. Sourn Mzxico, Acapulco (Henke); Guatemata, Duefias (Salvin) ; Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 594), Chagres (Fendler, 353).—Generally dispersed in the Tropics. Hb. Kew. 9. HEMICARPHA. Hemicarpha, Nees in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvii. p. 263, et in Wight, Contrib. Bot. Ind. p. 70; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1053. There are three species of this genus, two of which have a wide range in warm countries, and the third is of recent discovery in California. 1, Hemicarpha subsquarrosa, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 61, t. 4. fig. 1; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 572; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171; Torr. Bot. U.S. & ‘Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 229; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 220. Scirpus subsquarrosus, Muehlenb. Gram. p. 39. Scirpus micranthus, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 254; Boeck. in Linnza, xxxvi. p. 499. Isolepis subsquarosus, Schrad. in Schult. Mant. ii. p. 64. Hemicarpha drummondii, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 62. Isolepis cespitula, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 49. _ Itinois southward, and CaLirorNia eastward to FLoripa.—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 570); Sourn Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann) ; ‘GuaTemMaLA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli) —ConomBia to PERU, Brazil, and Gurana, and in the West Inprss. | 464 CYPERACEZ. 10. LIPOCARPHA. Lipocarpha, R. Br. in Append. Tuckey’s Congo, p. 459; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1054. Six or seven species widely spread in Tropical and Subtropical regions. 1, Lipocarpha sphacelata, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 267; Back. in Linnea, Xxxvii. p. 116 (varietates). Hypaelyptum sphacelatum, Vahl, Enum. Pl. u. p. 283. Hypoelytrum sphacelatum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 184. Lipocarpha triceps et L. gracilis, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 64. -Lipocarpha mexicana, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 47. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2739; Miiller, 1969), Mirador (Lieb- mann); GuaTEMALA, Chojoja near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 436); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 344, 346), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 146).—Southward to Braziu. Hb. Kew. 11. HYPOLYTRUM. Hypolytrum, Rich. in Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 70; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. in. p. 1054. Of this genus there are about twenty-five species, widely dispersed in Tropical and Subtropical regions of both hemispheres. 1. Hypolytrum nicaraguense, Licbm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 47; Steud. Cyper. p. 133. Nicaragua, on the banks of the Rio San Juan (Grsted). We have not seen an authentic example of this species, but in the Kew Herbarium there are specimens from Chagres, Panama (fendler, 356), which may be it. 12. REMIREA. Remirea, Aub]. Pl. Guian. i. p. 44, t. 16; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1058. A monotype. 1. Remirea maritima, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 44, t. 16; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p- 139; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. p. 436; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 569. Nicaragua, Greytown (Yate); Panama, Chagres (Lendler, 339).—Maritime districts in Sovran AmeERIcA and the Wrst Inpixzs, and Tropical Arrica, Asta, and AUSTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 13. RHYNCHOSPORA. Rhynchospora, Vahl, Enum. Pl. it. p. 229; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1058. A genus of between 150 and 200 species, generally dispersed in warm countries, with a few species in the North Temperate zone, both in America and the Old World. 1. Rhynchospora aristata, Bock. in Flora, 1857, PNB, et in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 639. Chetospora aurea, Jungh. in Linnea, yi, p. 28, fide Bosckeler. CYPERACEA. 465 Souts Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede), Vera Cruz (Sartorius), Mirador (Liebmann). We have not seen an authenticated specimen of this species, nor have we seen Schiede’s specimen, which may be distinct from R. aurea, Vahl. 2. Rhynchospora armerioides, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 197, t. 31. fig. 2; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 289; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 540. Haplostylis armerieflora, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 126. Panama (Henke; Seemann, 145).—Cotomsia to Braziu. Hb. Kew. 3. Rhynchospora aurea, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 229; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 162; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 626. Calyptrostylis fascicularis et C. florida, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 189; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 64. Chetospora aurea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 231; Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 28. Scirpus corymbosus, Linn. Ameen. Acad. iv. p. 303. Schenus surinamensis, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 68, t. 21. fig. 1. SoutH Mexico, neighbourhood of Jalapa (Schiede ; Galeotti); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 19); Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 591).—CotomBia to Buenos Ayres and throughout the West Inpizs; also widely spread in the Tropics of the OLD WorbD. Hb. Kew. 4. Rhynchospora barbata, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 290; Boeck. in Linnea, XXxvii. p. 546 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 574. Schenus barbatus, Vahl, Eclog. Amer. ii. p. 4. Haplostylis barbata, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 128. Panama, Rio Grande station (S. Hayes, 470), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 142). —CoLomBia to Guiana and BraziL, and in the Wrst Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 5. Rhynchospora cephalotes, Vahl, Enum. PI. ii. p. 237; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvil. p. 630; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 301; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 573. Schenus cephalotes, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 61, t. 20. PanaMA, Chagres (Fendler, 361), Isla de Coiba (Seemann).—Guiana; Brazi.; Trinipap. Hb. Kew. 6. Rhynchospora eximia, Beck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 601. Dichromena schiedeana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 282; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 161. Chetospora ferruginea, Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 28, partim. Psilocarya schiedeana, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 60. South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Potrero de Consoquitla, Mirador, and Hacienda de Buenavista (Izebmann) ; Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 140), Empire station (S. Hayes). Hb. Kew. 7. Rhynchospora glauca, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 233; Boeck. in Linnea, XXXVli. p. 589. Rhynchospora gracilis, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 234; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 65. Chaetospora ferruginea, Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 28, partim. North Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa (Laebmann), Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 276), | BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1885. 30 466 CYPERACEA. without locality (Harris)—Widely dispersed in Tropical and SuBTRoPIcAL REeIons in both hemispheres. Hb. Kew. ; Beeckeler (Linnea, xxxvii. p. 581) refers some of the specimens cited above to R. punctata, Elliott. 8. Rhynchospora hoffmanni, Beck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 637. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). 9. Rhynchospora jubata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 66. Soutn Mexico, San Antonio Huatusco and San Juan Coscomatepec, 4500 to 6000 feet (Liebmann). 10. Rhynchospora kunthii, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 297; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 296; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 165; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 67; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 88. South Mexico, San Salvador, between Jalapa and Perote (Schiede), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Rhynchospora mexicana, Steud. Cyper. p. 144. Haplostylis mexicana, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 61. SoutH Mexico, between Galera and Pochutla, Oaxaca at 1000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 12. Rhynchospora marginata, Steud. Cyper. p. 142. Cephaloschenus marginatus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 62. South Mexico, between Lacoba and Jocotepec (Iiebmann). Hb. Kew. 13. Rhynchospora micrantha, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii p. 231 (excl. synon. Michauxiana); Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 609. Haloschenus sparsus et H. pygmeus, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 296; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 61. Dichromena micrantha, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 278. South Mexico, Guatulco and Consoquitla (Liebmann) ; GUATEMALA, Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 413); Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes, 27 6).—BRaAzIL. Hb. Kew. 14. Rhynchospora paniculifera, Steud. Cyper. p. 146. Calyptrostylis paniculata, Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 64. Souta Mexico, between Huitamalco and Tiuzutlan; Puebla at 5000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 15. Rhynchospora polycephala, Wydler ex Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 291; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 552. Ephippiorhynchium polycephalum, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 184, t. 12; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 63. Chetospora triceps, Jungh. in Linnea, ix. p. 29, fide Liebm. 1. c. SourH Mexico, Mesachica (Schiede), Potrero de Consoquitla, Mirador, Hacienda de . Tuzamapa and Buenavista (Liebmann). Ub. Kew. A a CYPERACEA. 467 16. Rhynchospora polyphylla, Vahl, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 230; Kunth, Enum. Pl. il. p. 299; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 635; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 575. Mitrospora polyphylla, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 295; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 65. Rhynchospora adulta, Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, p. 166. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), San Juan del Rio (Bourgeau, 2977).— VENEZUELA to PERv, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 17. Rhynchospora presliana, Steud. Cyper. p. 142. Rhynchospora globosa, Pres], Reliq. Henk. i. p. 198, t. 836, non Reem. et Schult. fide Steud. 1. c. ~ Mexico (ienke). 18. Rhynchospora pungens, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 65; Boeck. in Linnea, XxXxVii. p. 574. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 19. Rhynchospora robusta, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 616. Dichromena robusta, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 283. Psilocarya robusta, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 116. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2735), without locality (Bates).— VENEZUELA; BrAziL; Paraguay. Hb. Kew. 20. Rhynchospora sartoriana, Boeck. in Flora, 1857, p. 36. Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz (Sartorius). 21. Rhynchospora schaffneri, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 575; 8S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 171. Norra Mexico, in the San Rafael mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 548), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 918); Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. There is some doubt whether the North-Mexican plant is the same as that described by Beeckeler. 22. Rhynchospora schiedeana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 300; Boeck. in Linnea, XXXVI. p 636. Chetospora, sp., Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 29. Calyptrostylis schiedeana, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 65. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann ; Linden, 68), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3500 feet (Galeotti, 5790), San Cristobal near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3191), without locality (Harris). Hb. Kew. 23. Rhynchospora tenuis, Willd.; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 610. Dichromena gracilis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 280. Haloschenus caracasanus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 61, non Dichromena caracasana, Kunth. Haloschenus capillaris, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 296. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Sartorius).—Southward to BUENOS Ayres. Hb. Kew. 302 468 CYPERACEZ. 24. Rhynchospora vulcani, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 638. Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). 14, CLADIUM. Cladium, P. Br. Hist. Jam. p. 114; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1065. - Of this genus about thirty species are known, and they are very widely dispersed in Temperate and Tropical countries, though by far the larger number of them are restricted to the Australasian region. 1. Cladium mariscus, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 236; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 8303; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvili. p. 232. Schanus mariscus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 42. Bermupas.—Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 393).--Sourh America; West INDIES; Europe; Asia; AUSTRALIA; Potynesta. Hb. Kew. Beeckeler, 1. c., refers both C. occidentale, Schrad., and C. effusus, Torr., to this species, thus giving it a wide range in North America. [Several exclusively Tropical-American genera, placed between Cladium and Scleria, are not known to be represented within our limits. They are :—Lagenocarpus, Cryp- tangium, Flintelmannia, Cephalocarpus, Pteroscleria, Becquerelia, and Hoppia. | 15. CALYPTROCARYA. Calyptrocarya, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 304; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1069. A genus of three or four species, restricted to Tropical America. 1. Calyptrocarya palmetto, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 195. Becquerelia glomerulata, Brongn. in Duperr. Voyage, Bot. Phaner. p. 163. Calyptrocarya longifolia, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. p. 431, sed certe non Schenus longifolius, Rudge, Pl. Guian. t. 16. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 357).—Gu1ana; Braziu; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. Bentham and Hooker refer Rudge’s Schenus longifolius (Calyptrocaryat longifolia, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 365), a very distinct plant, to Hoppia; and Beeckeler’s Hoppia microcephala is evidently the same plant. 16. SCLERIA. Scleria, Berg. in K. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. xxvi. (1765) p. 142, tt. 4 et 5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1070. About 100 species, generally dispersed in Tropical and Subtropical regions, and extending into the Temperate zone in North America, 1. Scleria anceps, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 69; Steud. Cyper. p.174; Walp. Ann. lil. p. 696. South Mexico, Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann). CYPERACEA., 469 2. Scleria asperrima, Steud. Cyper. p. 170. Ophryoscleria asperrima, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 73; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 697. Nicaraaua, San Juan (Grsted). 3. Scleria bourgeaui, Boeck. in Flora, 1882, p. 29. SourH Mexico, Borrego, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2740). 4, Scleria bracteata, Cav. Ic. v. p. 34, t. 457; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 345; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 515; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 579. Macrolomia bracteata, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 182, t. 14; Liebm. Mexicos Halvegr. p. 72. South Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5688), Mirador (Linden, 281; Liebmann); Guatemaua, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 567); Panama (Seemann).—South- ward to Peru and Brazit, and in the Wzst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 5. Scleria coriacea, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 71; Steud. Cyper. p. 179; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 696. Costa Rica, Guanacaste (sted). 6. Scleria elongata, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 202; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 358; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 72; Steud. Cyper. p. 178. Sours Mexico, Acapulco (Henke). 7. Scleria foveolata, Cav. Ic. Pl.v. p.35; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 399; Steud. Cyper. p. 179. Panama (ex Cavanilles). 8. Scleria hirta, Back. in Flora, 1882, p. 29. Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Schaffner). 9. Scleria hirtella, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 93; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 579; Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 353; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 439; Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 29. Scleria nutans, Willd.; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p. 351. Hypoporum nutans, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 67. Scleria mollis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 352. Hypoporum hirtellum, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 170. Fioripa to Trexas.—Soura Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 275; Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2747; Miller), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede).— CoLomBIA to Curt and BraziL, and in the West InprEs; also in TRopicaL and Sout Arrica. Hb. Kew. 10. Scleria liebmannii, Steud. Cyper. p. 179. Hypoporum purpurascens, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 68 ; Walp. Ann. iil. p. 697 7 South Mexico, Mirador and Potrero de Consoquitla, Vera Cruz, and Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 470 CYPERACEZ. 11. Scleria macrocarpa, Salzm. ; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 521. Scleria palmifolia, Hoffmannsegg ; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1845, p. 492. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 360).—Southward to Peru and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 12. Scleria melaleuca, Reichb. in Linnea, vi. p. 29; Kunth, Enum. PI. ii. p- 8340; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 480; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 72. Sout Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Hacienda de Jovo, near Tlapacoyo, Vera Cruz and at Jicaltepec (Liebmann); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate); .Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 358), Empire station (S. Hayes, 311).—CoLomBia to GUIANA and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 13. Scleria mexicana, Beck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 500. Diploscyphus meaxicanus, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 74; Steud. Cyper. p. 180; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 697. SoutH Mexico, near Huitamalco and Mirador at 2000 to 3000 feet (Liebmann). 14. Scleria micrococca, Steud. Cyper. p. 179. Hypoporum micrococcum, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 68. Nicaraeua, near Segovia (rsted). 15. Scleria Initis, Swartz; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvili. p. 520; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 578. . , Ophryoscleria mitis et O. lucida, Nees, Cyper. Bras. pp. 183 et 185, t. 25. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 359), Frijoli station (S. Hayes, 496).—Gutana, Brazit, and the West Inpirs. Hb. Kew. 16. Scleria panicoides, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 348; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 932. Schizolepis panicoides, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 188. | Panama, Empire station (S. Hayes, 317).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 17. Scleria pratensis, Lindl.; Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 179, t. 23; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 577 ; Boeck. in Linnwa, xxxviii. p. 481. Scleria communis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 340; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 71. South Mexico, near Jicaltepec (Liebmann); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 125).—VeENnzvELA to Gutana and Brazit, and in the West Inpras. Hb. Kew. 18. Scleria purpureozonata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 70; Steud. Cyper. p- 174; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 696. SourH Mexico, near San Antonio Huatusco (Liebmann). 19. Scleria reflexa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 232; Kunth, Enum. PL ii. p. 840; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 503. Mastigoscleria reflexa, Nees, Cyper. Bras. p. 177; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 69. Scleria flagellum, Berg.; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 578. CYPERACE. 471 South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Liebmann) ; GuaTEMALa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 570) ; Panama, Empire station (§. Hayes, 308).—VENEzUELA to Guiana and Braziu, and in the Wrst Inpies. Hb. Kew. 20. Scleria scabriuscula, Schl. in Linnea, xx. p.544; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p- 71; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 457. Scleria schiedeana, Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1845, p. 494; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 491. Scleria homonyma, Steud. Cyper. p. 179. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede). 21. Scleria setulosociliata, Boeck. in Flora, 1822, p. 30. GuatemaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 567). We suspect this is not distinct, as a species, from Scleria bracteata, to which Bernoulli’s 567 is referred in the Kew Herbarium. 22. Scleria torreyana, Walp. Am. iii. p. 696; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 468. Scleria muehlenbergiana, Steud. Nomencl.; Schl. in Bot. Zeit. 1845, p. 474; Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 70. Scleria lara, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 376. MASSACHUSETTS southward.—Soutn Mexico, Consoquitla (Ziebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller)—Guiana. Hb. Kew. 23. Scleria verticillata, Muchlenb. Gram. p. 266 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 353; ‘Boeck. in Linnea, xxxviii. p. 446. Hypoporum verticillatum, Nees in Linnea, ix. p. 303; Torr. in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. York, iii. p. 387. New York southward.—Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 144),— CoLomBIA to Braziu and Guiana. Hb. Kew. 17. UNCINIA. Uncinia, Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. p. 534; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1072. A genus of about twenty-five species, inhabiting South Temperate and cold regions, though not represented in South Africa, the Andes northward to Mexico, the West Indies, nor in the Sandwich Islands. 1. Uncinia mexicana, Steud. Cyper. p. 243; Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. p- 400. Uncinia jamaicensis, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 84; Boeck. in Linnea, xli. p. 347, partim, non Pers. Uncinia phleoides, C. A. Meyer in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 23), non Pers. Sout Mexico, Mirador, Vera Cruz, 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 5720; Liebmann) ; GuareMana, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin) ; Costa Rica (Hoffmann). This is very near U. jamaicensis, the only West-Indian species, which also occurs in 472 CYPERACEA. the Andes. Clarke (loc. cit.) says:—“ Quasi U. jamaicensis forma evolutior, bracteis utriculisque majoribus ; praesertim distans foliis latioribus stylobasi pyramidata.” Boott also regarded the Mexican species as distinct from the West-Indian, and gave it a manuscript name, having overlooked Steudel’s. 18. CAREX. Carex, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1046; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1073. Upwards of 800 species are enumerated, and there are probably at least 500 distinct ones; they are generally dispersed in Temperate and Cold regions, including the moun- tains within the Tropics. In North America they are especially numerous, there being no fewer than 150 within the limits of Gray’s ‘Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States ’—that is to say, in the area north of North Carolina and Tennessee and east of the Mississippi. And the comparatively unexplored California has already yielded seventy-eight species. Carex is a genus, too, that is represented in most of the remote oceanic islands, as St. Helena, Tristan da Cunha, Juan Fernandez, and the Sandwich Islands. Some of the species have a very wide range of distribution, whilst a large proportion are local. 1. Carex acrolepis, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 83; Steud. Cyper. p. 196; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 707. Costa Rica, Candelaria (Grsted). 2. Carex anisostachys, Licbm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 78; Steud. Cyper. p. 188; Walp. Ann. ii. p. 705; Boeck. in Linnea, xl. p. 403. SoutH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla at 7000 feet (Ziebmann). Hb. Kew. 8. Carex cladostachya, Wahlenb.; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 510; Boeck. in Linnea, xl. p. 8361; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 580. Carex mexicana, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 204; Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 88; Boott, Ill. Carex, t. 512; C. A. Meyer in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 22). Carex polystachya, Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 152, tt. 490, 491 et 492 (fide Beckeler, 1. c.), nec Swartz et Wahlb. . Carex hartwegii, Boott, Ill. Carex, tt. 509, 510. South Mexico, valley of Cordova, San Cristobal and Borrego, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1795, 3026, 3195), Jalapa (Schiede), Mirador and Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann); Guats- MALA, barrancas, near the city of Guatemala (Hartweg), Batios de los Padres (Bernoulli, 293); Costa Rica (Hoffmann).—CotomBia; Jamaica; also in the PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, according to Beckeler. Hb. Kew. 4. Carex chordalis, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 81; Steud. Cyper. p. 196; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 706. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Castresana, Oaxaca 7500 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. CYPERACEA, 473 5. Carex cortesii, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 80; Steud. Cyper. p. 195; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 706. SourH Mexico, Cerro de Sempoaltepec, Oaxaca at 10,000 feet (Liebmann). 6. Carex coulteri, Boott, MSS. in herb. Kew. “Prope C. pubescens, differt perigyniis rostellatis bidentatis, squamis muticis dorso pubescentibus.”’ SourH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1620), Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 671). Hb. Kew. We may add that it also differs from C. pubescens, as figured by Boott, in its relatively much longer narrow leaves. | 7. Carex ehrenbergiana, Boeck. in Linnea, xli. p. 175. Mexico (Ehrenberg). 8. Carex festiva, Dewey in Sill. Journ. xxix. p. 246; Boott, Ill. Carex, i. p. 26, t. 66; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 73; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 234. Carex orizabe et C. pinetorum, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 75. Carex propinqua, Nees; Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 396. Carex oreades, C. A. Meyer in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 22), absque descriptione. Ca.irornia to Texas.—SoutH Mexico, Peak of Orizaba at 10,000 to 12,500 feet (Linden, 95; Galeotti, 5781; Liebmann), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1622).—CoLomBIa ; Cutt; Nortaern Europe; Nortaern Asta. Hb. Kew. 9. Carex glomerata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. i. p. 344; Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 81, t. 222: Boeck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 59; 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 232. Carex brongniartii et C. xalapensis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. ii. p. 880; Boott, Il. Carex, p. 124, tt. 401-403. Carex muricata, Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 29, non Linn. Catirornia.—Soutu Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede); Cutt; Sourn AFRICA. 10. Carex halleriana, Asso ; Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 128, tt. 415, 416; Boeck. in Linnea, xli. p. 201. Carex planostachys, Kunze, Suppl. 188, t. 35; Steud. Cyper. p. 232. Mexico (fide Beckeler).—EuRore. [Carexs heptastachya, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 114, is recorded from ** Merida, Costa Rica (Moritz),” but we have little doubt that it should be Merida, Venezuela. | 11. Carex Jamesoni, Boott in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. p. 124, et Ill. Carex, p. 109, tt. 334-337. Carex galeottiana, C. A. Meyer in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 22). South Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5763; Linden, 97).— CoLomBia; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 12. Carex liebmanni, Walp. Ann. iii. p. 705; Steud. Cyper. p. 201. Carex chlorocarpos, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 77, nee Wimmer. SoutH Mexico, Parada, Sierra de Oaxaca at 8000 to 8500 feet (Liebmann). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 3p 474 CYPERACEZ. 13. Carex longicaulis, Boeck. in Flora, 1882, p. 62. Souta Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). 14. Carex melanosperma, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 82; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 707; Steud. Cyper. p. 196. | | Sout Mexico, between Huitamalco and Tiuzutlan, Puebla at 5000 feet (Liebmann). 15. Carex muehlenbergii, Schkuhr, f. 178; Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 124, t. 399, et 6. enervis, t. 400; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 80. CanaDA southward.—Souta Mexico, Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 436).— Cuit1. Hb. Kew. | 16. Carex cerstedii, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 84; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 708; Steud. Cyper. p. 196. Costa Rica, near Cartago (Grsted). 17. Carex olivacea, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 79; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 706. Souta Mexico, Vaqueria del Jacale, peak of Orizaba 10,000 feet (Liebmann). 18. Carex physorhyncha, Steud. Cyper. p. 719. Carex rhynchophysa, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 76; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 705, non C. A. Meyer. Soutn Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7500 to 8000 feet (Liebmann). 19. Carex potosina, Hemsl. Carex schaffneri, W. Boott in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172, non Beeck. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 546). Hb. Kew. 20. Carex schaffneri, Boeck. in Flora, 1878, p. 39. Sours Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). 91. Carex schiedeana, Kunze, Suppl. p. 119, t. 30; Bock. in Linnea, xl. p. 885; Steud. Cyper. p. 208. Sourn Mexico (Schiede, Ehrenberg). 22. Carex spilocarpa, Steud. Cyper. p. 195. . Carex maculata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 80; Walp. Ann. iil. p. 706. Soutn Mexico, Volcan de Orizaba at 8000 to 10,000 feet (Leebmann). 23. Carex straminea, Schkuhr, f. 34 et 174; Beck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 117 (varietates). Carex leporina, var. bracteata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p. 76. Carex feenea, Willd.; Boott, Il. Carex, p. 118, tt. 375 et 376. CanapDA southward.—Soutn Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede), Mecapalco, Vera Cruz, Huita- malco and Chinantla, Puebla, Tepitongo and Comaltepec, Oaxaca (Iiebmann).— CoLomBia to BRAZIL. CYPERACEZ. 475 24. Carex tuberculata, Liebm. Mexicos Halver. p. 82; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 707; Steud. Cyper. p. 196. Souta Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann). 25. Carex turbinata, Liebm. Mexicos Halvgr. p.77; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 705; Steud. Cyper. p. 219. SoutH Mexico, Central Cordillera of Oaxaca (Liebmann). 26. Carex viridis, Jungh. in Linnea, vi. p. 30; Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 159, t. 522; Beeck. in Linnea, xl. p. 330. Soutn Mexico, without locality (Schiede); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann). 27. Carex vulpinoidea, Michx. FI. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 169; Boott, Ill. Carex, p. 124, tt. 404-408; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxix. p. 94. CanaDA southward.— Merxico.—CoLomMBIA. Order CLX. GRAMINEZ. Graminee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1074. Grasses are spread all over the globe, wherever there is phanerogamic vegetation, from the highest polar regions visited to the tropics, and they are specially charac- teristic of humid temperate countries. Bentham and Hooker retain 298 genera and estimate the number of distinct species at 3100 to 3200. The Mexican grasses are numerous, and we have been able to use an unpublished monograph of them (which we understand will now shortly appear) by the late Dr. Eugéne Fournier. This mono- graph contains 643 species referred to 123 genera; in this Order, however, as in all the preceding ones, we have usually taken Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plan- tarum’ as our standard for genera, so that there is a considerable reduction in the number in this work. With regard to many of the new species described by Fournier which we have had an opportunity of examining, we consider them as varieties unde- serving of distinctive names even. Nevertheless we have found his monograph very serviceable in drawing up the present enumeration, though it is probable, from the intricate synonymy of some of the species, that the same plant figures in more than one place. The grasses of the United-States and Mexican Boundary Commission have never been published ; and as the specimens of this collection in the Kew Herbarium are not localized, we could not include them. Comparatively little is known of the _ grasses of Central America, especially of Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Series A. PANICACE. Panicacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1075. The grasses belonging to this series are distinguished by the spikelet being articulated with the pedicel below the outer glumes. 3 p 2 476 GRAMINEA. Tribe I. PANICEZ. Panicee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1075 et 1077. This tribe includes thirty genera, several of which are very numerous in species, and most of which are restricted to tropical and subtropical regions. The genus Reimaria consists of four species, inhabiting Tropical South America, Cuba, and Florida, so that it may be expected to occur within our limits. I. PASPALUM. Paspalum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 75; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1097. Upwards of 300 species have been published by various authors; but Bentham and Hooker estimate the real number to be barely 160. They are generally dispersed in tropical and subtropical regions, though by far the greatest concentration of species is in America. The late General Munro partially elaborated this genus and named the collection in the Kew Herbarium. 1. Paspalum abbreviatum, Trin. ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 383 (absque descriptione) ; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10. Mexico, without locality (Schiede). 2. Paspalum acuminatum, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 25; Doll in Mart. Fi. Bras. 11. 2, p. 97; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 49. GuateMALA, Costa Grande, between San Antonio and San Bernardino (Bernoulli, 588).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. - 3. Paspalum affine, Steud. Gram., p. 24*; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 12. South Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel). Fournier suggests that this may be P. tenellum, Willd. 4, Paspalum appendiculatum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 211; Steud. Gram. p. 33. Panama (Henke). 5. Paspalum compressum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 23; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 223; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 041. Paspalum tristachyon, Lam. Ill. i. p. 176. Paspalum platycaule, Poir. in Lam. Encyel. v. p. 34; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p- 90; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. i. t. 118. SoutH Mzxico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann, 202), Orizaba (Botteri, 111), Vera Cruz * This grass, like many other grasses described by Steudel, who had no special knowledge of the Order, may belong to some previously described species; but we have nothing beyond his imperfect descriptions to guide us, therefore we can only cite his names for what they are worth. He neither records collectors’ names nor numbers, nor states where the specimens were upon which he founded his species. Dr. Fournier examined Steudel’s own herbarium, but he remarks (‘ Plantas Mexicanas, Gramines, Introduction, p. iii) that he was Just as much in the dark as before on many points. GRAMINEZ. 477 (Gouin); Nicaragua (Tate); Panama, Empire Station (S. Mayes, 243), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 120).—Southward to EcuaDor and ParaGcuay, and in the West Inpies. Also in Tropican Arrica and the Mauritius. Hb. Kew. Ruprecht (Bull. Acad. Brux. ix., reprint, p. 12) refers Galeotti’s 5681 to this species. B (spiculis tantum puberulis), Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7. Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas), Rio Blanco (Bourgeau). 6. Paspalum conjugatum, Berg, Act. Helv. vii. p. 129, t.8; Kunth, Enum. PL. i. p. 51; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 541; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 6; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 31; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 102. Paspalum renggeri, Steud. Gram. p. 17. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virleé d’Aoust); Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2752), Mirador, Jicaltepec, and Pital (Liebmann, 158, 159, 160, 161), valley ' of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1659), Vera Cruz (Schiede) ; GuatemaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 572), San Gerdnimo (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 366), Empire Station (8. Hayes, 241)—TroricaL Sourh America; West Invizs, and TRopicaL Arrica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 7. Paspalum convexum, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Fliigge, Monogr. i. p. 175; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 91; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p.59; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10. Souta Mexico, Volcan de J orullo at 1600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Botteri, 113), Consoquitla (Liebmann, 181, in part). Hb. Kew. 8. Paspalum conspersum, Schrad. in Schult. Mant. ii. p.174; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 63; Fournier, Mex. Pl., Gram. p. 9. Sours Mexico, Tonaguia, and near Talea (Liebmann, 170, 171), Orizaba (Schaffner, 192; Miller, 2055; Bourgeau, 2542).—Brazu. Hb. Kew. B (panicula laxtore, spicis paucioribus), Fournier, loc. cit. South Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 1657), Consoquitla (Ldebmann, 167). 9. Paspalum cordovense, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 9. Souty Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2161). 10. Paspalum curvistachyum, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 26%; Munro, MSS. in Herb. Kew. South Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann, 147). Hb. Kew. This is doubtless referred by Fournier to some other species, but as the different sets distributed by Liebmann of his collection were numbered independently of each other, we have not been able to ascertain which. Typical P. curvistachyum, Raddi, is a native of Brazil. 11. Paspalum cymbiforme, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 5 SourH Mexico, Mirador, San Pablo and Consoquitla (Liebmann, 224, 225, 226). 478 GRAMINEZ. 12. Paspalum debile, Michx. Bor.-Am. i. p. 44; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10. “Paspalum setacewm, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Sc. Pétersb. série 2, iii. p. 155 (excl. syn. fide Fournieri) et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 129, non Michx. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin), without locality (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2159); Nicaracua, Greytown (Zate, 48). Hb. Kew. Chapman (Fl. Southern U.S. p. 571) reduces Paspalum debile, Michx., and P. seta- ceum, Michx., to P. ciliatifolium, Michx., while Gray (Manual Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 645) retains the name setaceum with otherwise the same synonymy. As thus limited the species ranges from Massachusetts and Illinois southward through Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil. 13. Paspalum distichum, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. p. 891; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 52; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 460; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. i. t. 112; Munro, MSS. in Bibl. Kew; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 541. Paspalum littorale, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. N. Holl. p. 188. Paspalum vaginatum, Swartz, Prodr. p. 21, et Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 185; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 6; Trin. Sp. Gram. Deser. et Ic. i. t. 120; Thiele in Linnea, ix. p. 808. OREGON and VIRGINIA southward.—Norta Mexico, Sonora Alta (Coulter, 1642) ; Souta Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gouin).—Generally dispersed in TROPICAL and SuBTROPICAL Regions. Hb. Kew. 14. Paspalum effusum, Nees in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. ii. p. 104, et in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 53; Fournier in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 292. Nicaracua, Omotepe (Lévy). 15. Paspalum fasciculatum, Willd. in Fliigge, Monogr. p. 69; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 89; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 8. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 265).— Southward to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 16. Paspalum fastigiatum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 33; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 42; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7. Panicum pilosum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18), non Swartz. Soura Mexico, Mirador and Zacuapan, Vera Cruz (Galeottt, 5682, 5727), Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Schaffner).—Braut. Hb. Kew. 17. Paspalum filiforme, Fliigge, Monogr. p. 139; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 46, excl. syn.; Walt. et Poir. ex Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7. Panicum filiforme, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 57; Chapman, Fl. Southern U.S. p. 572. Digitaria filiformis, Mihlenb. ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 543. Carotina to Georcia.—SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert; Schaffner; Bourgeau), Dos Puentes and Totutla (Liebmann), near Tacubaya (Schaffner).—West InDIEs ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEZ. 479 18. Paspalum fiuitans, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 24, et Enum. PL i. p. 41; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 5; Chapman, FI. Southern US. p. 570. Ceresia fluitans, Ell. Sketch Bot. i. p. 109. CaRoLINA southward.—Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin).—Also in British GUIANA, according to Fournier. [Paspalum fuscum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 214, is of doubtful origin, possibly - Mexican. | 19. Paspalum gracile, Rudge, Pl. Guian. p. 20, t. 26; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 5. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1269).—Gutana. 20. Paspalum hartwegianum, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 12. Paspalum lentiferum, Munro in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 346. Souta Mexico, ditches, Leon (Hartweg, 245). Hb. Kew. 21. Paspalum humboldtianum, Fliigge, Monogr. p. 67; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 86, t. 23; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 31; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 42; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172. Paspalum ciliatum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 12), non H. B. K. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner); SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Ja Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador (Liebmann, 118), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2641; Miller, 2038), without locality (Bates), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5683).— Widely dispersed in Tropica, America. Hb. Kew. 22. Paspalum karwinskii, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 8. SoutH Mexico, Savana Grande, between El Chapopote and Tamalor (Karwinskt). 23. Paspalum lentiginosum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 218; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 9. Paspalum virgatum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 82; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 12), non Linn. nec Griseb., fide Fournieri. Texas.—Souta Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Schaffner, 107; Botteri, 1266; Miller, 2054), eastern Cordillera near El Enceno (Galeotti, 5714), - Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1297), Mirador and Pital (Liebmann, 122, 137), San Juan del Rio near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2975); Panama, Rio Grande swamp and Paraiso (S. Hayes, 141, 233).—CotomB1a to Perv and Brazit, and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 24, Paspalum liebmannii, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 11. Souta Mexico, Paso de Ovejo (Liebmann, 189). 25. Paspalum lineare, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Gram. p. 12. Soutsa Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla, and elsewhere (Liebmann, 187, 192). 480 GRAMINEZ., 26. Paspalum lividum, Trin, ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 383; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 12. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2061; Bourgeau, 121; Schaffner, 113 ; Botteri), San Juan del Rio (Bourgeau, 2544), near Mextitlan (Galeotti, 5823), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe); GuaTemaLa, Duefias (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Peru and Braziz. Hb. Kew. 27. Paspalum macrophyllum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 92; GB. piliferum, — Fournier, Mex. Pl]. Enum., Gram. p. 11. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 117), Consoquitla and Santa Maria Tlatella (Lieb- mann, 117, 168). Typical P. macrophyllum is a native of Colombia. 28. Paspalum mandioccanum, Trin. ex Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 68; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t.154; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 62. PANAMA, without locality (Jameson).—Brazit; TrintipaD? Hb. Kew. 29. Paspalum minus, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 6. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2298), Paso del Correo (Liebmann, 154). Hb. Kew. 30. Paspalum mononeuron, Steud. Gram. p. 24; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 13. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel). Fournier suggests that this may be a synonym of P. lividum. 31. Paspalum notatum, Fliigge, Monogr. p. 106; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 31, partim; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 51; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 6. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @Aoust); South Mexico, Santa Fe near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2603, 2749; Miller, 2060), Mecapalco (Liebmann, 156), Vera Cruz (Gouin); Nicaraeua, Greytown (Tate, 68) ; Panama (Wagner).—Co.omsia to Brazit, and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 32. Paspalum obtusifolium, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 23; Schl. in Linnea, xxi. p. 883; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. i. t. 115; Chapman, FI. Southern U. S. Suppl. p. 665; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7. Paspalum furcatum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 32; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 53, quoad locum Mexicanum, non Fligge, fide Fournieri. FLoripa ; GEoreia.—SoutuH Mexico, Los Cocos (Schiede & Deppe), Vera Cruz (Gouin). — BRAZIL. 33. Paspalum paniculatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 81; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 59; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. ii. t. 127; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 9 (varietates); Griseb. Fl. Brit. Ind. p. 543; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 223. Paspalum supinum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 11). GRAMINEA. 48] SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2642; Botteri, 1201), Jalapa (Coulter, 1643), Jalapa and Mirador (Galeotti, 5727), Pinotepe, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5872), Mirador and Pital (Liebmann, 163, 165); GuaTemaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 538); NicaRAGUA, Realejo (Sinclair); Panama, Empire station (8. Hayes, 231), Isla de Taboga (Seemann, 1559).—CotomsBia to Perv, Guiana and BraziL, and in the Wust Inpigs; also in the GaLaPaGos, TROPICAL AFRICA, and the MascaRENE Isuanns. Hb. Kew. 34. Paspalum pauperculum, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10( varietates). Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sour Mexico, Rio Blanco near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2033). Hb. Kew. 35. Paspalum planifolium, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2062). 36. Paspalum plicatulum, Michx. Fl. Bor-Am. i. p. 45; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 832; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 11); Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 10; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 542. Paspalum undulatum, Poir. in Lam. Encycl. v. p. 29; Chapman, Fl. Southern U.S. p. 571. Paspalum antillense, Husnot, Enum. Glum. p. 13. NortH Carotina to FLoripa and Texas.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sourn Mzxico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2598, 2633, 2843, 2974; Botteri, 113, 119; Schaffner, 202, 203; Miller, 2055), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Linden, 69), Cordova (Schaffner), Jalapa and Mirador (Liebmann, 182; Galeotti, 5729; Schiede & Deppe).—Co.omBia to BraziL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 37. Paspalum pubiflorum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 11, nomen tantum); Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 11. South Mexico, Tehuacan de las Granadas 5500 feet (Galeotti, 5747). Hb. Kew. p. viride, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 11. Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust). 38. Paspalum pumilum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 52; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i p. 51; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 7. SourH Mexico, Potrero de Cazadero, San Sebastian (Liebmann, 195).—Braziu. 39. Paspalum pusillum, Vent. in Fliigge Monogr. p. 100; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 51; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 541; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 8; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. iii. t. 273. Paspalum orbiculatum, Poir. in Lam. Encycel. v. p. 32. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de Santa Barbara, Paso de Dofia Juana and Colipa (Lieb- mann, 152, 153; Karwinski, 987); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 376).-~Conomsia to Ecuapor, GUIANA, BraziL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 39 482 GRAMINEZ. 40. Paspalum pyramidale, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 77; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 43. Nicaracua (Tate, 56).—CotomBia to Ecvapbor, Guana, and Paraguay. Hb. Kew. 41. Paspalum rudimentosum, Steud. Gram. p. 24; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 8. Sourn Mzxico, Chinantla (Ziebmann, 199 et 200), Oaxaca (ex Steudel). 42. Paspalum saccharoides, Nees; Steud. Gram. p. 23; Doll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p. 92. Panicum saccharoides, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 237, t. 30, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 125. Tricholena saccharoides, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 557. Saccharum polystachyum, Swartz, Prodr. p. 21, et Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 127. Panama, summit of railroad track (S. Hayes, 219).—VENuEZUELA ; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 43. Paspalum schaffneri, Griseb. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 6. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); South Mexico, Chapultepec, San Angel, Guadalupe, and Mirador (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gouin), without locality (Liebmann), near Mexico (Bourgeau, 532), Orizaba (Miller, 2039, in part). Hb. Kew. [Paspalum senescens, Trin. ex Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 383, is a doubtful species. | 44, Paspalum squamulatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 11. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Souta Mexico, near Chinantla (Liebmann, 198), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2640; Botteri, 115). Hb. Kew. 45. Paspalum stellatum, Fliigge, Monogr. p. 65; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 41; Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 223 (8. monostachyum). PANAMA, near Anton (Seemann, 129).—Cotomsia to Braziu. Hb. Kew. 46. Paspalum sumichrastii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 11. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sovura Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 115; Bourgeau, without number). 47. Paspalum tenellum, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. p. 89; Fourn. Mex. PL. Enum., Gram. p. 12. Paspalum elegans, Fligge, Monogr. p. 183, non Jacq. Ecl. t. 23. Paspalum affine, Steud. Gram. p. 24°? Sout Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 681). Hb. Kew. B. bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 12. South Mexico, Tizapan, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1150), Mirador, Vera Cruz, and valley of Mexico (Schaffner, 524). Hb. Kew. 48. Paspalum triglume, Steud. Gram. p. 27. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel). GRAMINEA. 483 49. Paspalum velutinum, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 271%, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 8. SoutH Mexico, in pastures near San Nicolas, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1033, in part.), Orizaba (Schaffner). 50. Paspalum virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 12. Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Vérlet d’ Aoust). [ Anachyris setosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2, is a species of Paspalum, as the genus is defined by Bentham, and it is probably among those enumerated above. | 2. ANTHAENANTIA. Anthenantia, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 48, t. 10. fig. 7; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1098. Species three, whereof two inhabit the south-eastern States of North America, and the range of the third follows. 1. Anthznantia lanata, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 39. Paspalum lanatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 94, t. 29. Milium lanatum, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. p. 8322; Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. t. 168, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 66; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 034. Leptocoryphium lanatum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p, 84; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 120, t. 17 (varietates) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 13. Leptocoryphium molle, Nees, loc. cit. p. 85. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Laebmann), near Venta del Camaron and Alto del Pere- grino at 1200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland).—VeEnnzvELa to Perv, Guiana, and Urvuevay, and in TRINIDAD and Cusa. Ub. Kew. 3. ERIOCHLOA. _ Eriochloa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 94, tt. 30 et 31; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1099. — Gdipachne, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 51. Helopus, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 103. Bentham (in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 39, and in Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1099) says :— “Nearly twenty species have been published, of which five appear to be quite distinct ; two out of these (H. distachya, H. B. K., and E. grandiflora, Trin.) are endemic in America, the third (£. trichopus, Hochst.) in Africa, the fourth (#. villosa, Kunth) in Eastern Asia; all the rest (Z. punctata, H. annulata, &c.) are reducible to varieties of E. polystachya, H. B. K., a species that is very widely dispersed in tropical and sub- tropical regions of both hemispheres.” 1. Eriochloa polystachya, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 95, t. 31; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 72; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 39, et in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 1099 (varietates). Eriochloa punctata, Desv. ex Hamilt. Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occ. p.5; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 72; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 514. Helopus punctatus, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 16 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 13. 3g 2 484 GRAMINEZ. . Eriochloa acuminata, Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 72. Piptatherum acuminatum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 221. Helopus acuminatus, Fourn., et H. gracilis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 13. New Mexico; Texas; ARKANsAS.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; SourH Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2109; Liebmann, 436).—Southward to Uruevay, and widely dispersed in the warmer regions of the OLD Worip. Hb. Kew. We have followed Bentham in the circumscription of this species, of which, common as it is in some parts of America and the Old World, we have seen only one Mexican specimen, and none from Central America. 4, ISACHNE. Isachne, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 196; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1100. This genus numbers about twenty species, spread nearly all over the warmer regions of both hemispheres; but the majority of the species are natives of the Old World. The Mexican and Central-American species are in sucha state of confusion that we are unable to determine what names they should bear. Thus, Fournier (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 35) distinguishes two Mexican species, which he refers to [. dispersa, Fourn. (Panicum dispersum, Lam.), and J. ventricosa, Doll (Panicum salzmanni, Trin.). Grise- bach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 553) treats Panicum dispersum, 'Trin., [sachne dubia, Kunth, and Jsachne panicea, Trin., as synonyms of his Zsachne arundinacea (Panicum arundina- ceum, Swartz). In the Kew Herbarium some of the specimens referred by Fournier to Isachne ventricosa, Doll, were first named Jsachne panicea, Trin., by the late General Munro ; but in a later memorandum he states that he had seen the true [sachne panicea, Trin., in Lindley’s herbarium, named by Trinius himself, and found that it was quite distinct from the specimens which he, General Munro, had so named in the Kew Herbarium; and he proposed making a new species, and actually gave a manuscript name, which we forbear printing because of the uncertainty respecting the names the Mexican species should bear. In the Kew Herbarium there are two species from Mexico. One is represented by a single specimen from the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1458), which is referred, at least as to Bourgeau’s number, to I. disperma by Fournier. This has hairy culms, and the leaves are scabrid beneath. The other is represented by specimens from Mirador (Linden, T1 and 283), Consoquitla (Liebmann, 143), Orizaba (Miller, 78; Bilimek, 450), and without a locality (Harris); and is the J. ventricosa of Fournier, but not of Ddll, and the proposed new species of Munro. Besides the two Mexican species, there are two others in the Kew herbarium from within our limits, namely, one from Panama (Seemann, 122; Hayes, 289), and one from Nicaragua (Zate, 453). The former is named Jsachne trachysperma, Nees, by the author himself (Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 224), and the same species is named Isachne ventricosa, Doll, by Bentham without the sign of doubt. The Nicaraguan GRAMINE. 485 plant is very distinct from everything else in the genus at Kew, and is probably an undescribed species. Fournier (Sertum Nicaraguense, in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 293) enumerates only one species of Jsachne, namely I. disperma. 5. PANICUM. Panicum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 76; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1100. One of the largest genera of grasses, comprising upwards of 250 species, which are generally diffused in tropical and subtropical regions, but rare in the temperate zones, especially the northern. The determinations of Munro, in the Kew Herbarium, and of Fournier in his ‘ Mexicanarum Plantarum Enumeratio,’ do not always agree, and many of the forms regarded as distinct new species by the latter are referred to previously described species by the former, so that, although some of Fournier’s new species are retained here for want of means of determining what they are, the plants may be actually included, in some instances, under other species. 1. Panicum acuminatum, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 23; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 553 (var. Panici dichotomi); Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 34; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 21. CanaDa southward.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; Soura Mexico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador (Schaffner), Totutla, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), Orizaba (Botteri)— West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. We follow Fournier in keeping P. nitidum, Lam., distinct from P. dichotomum, Linn., which is the name generally adopted for the North-American forms of this species. 2. Panicum ambitiosum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. Milium sparsum, Mill. Dict. n. 2? SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas), Vera Cruz (herb. Uzac). Only known from Fournier’s description ; it is placed next to P. virgatum, Linn. 3. Panicum arundinarig, Trin. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 25. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virle¢ d’Aoust) ; Sour Mxxico, Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Miller), Cordova (Schaffner). 4, Panicum ascendens, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 97; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 83; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 17. Panicum villiferum, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 687? ex Fourn. South Mexico, between Zelayo and Queretaro (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Liebmann).—Co.LomBiA to Perv, and in Cusa. 5. Panicum aturense, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 103, t. 33; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 123; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 13) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 23. Panicum blepharophorum, Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 312. 486 GRAMINEA. Soutn Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5744), Trapiche de la Concepcion, between La Isleta and Maloapan, Hacienda de Jovo, Jicaltepec, between Huitamalco and Mecapalco, and Totutla (Liebmann).— VENEZUELA. [P. auritum, Steud. Gram. p. 70, is recorded from Luzon and Mexico, probably owing to a mistake in labelling; which of the countries it is from we cannot say; but Munro notes in his copy of Steudel’s ‘Gramine,’ now in the Kew Library, that he had seen a specimen of this species in De Candolle’s herbarium from Ceylon. | 6. Panicum avenaceum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 99; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 99; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sourh Mexico, between Mexico and Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 235 bis), Borrego (Bourgeau, 2754), Chinantla (Liebmann), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Orizaba (Botteri, 160). 7. Panicum brevifolium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed, i. p. 59; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 21. | Panicum trichoides, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Oce. p. 24; H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 105; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 112; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 552. South Maxico, Guatulco, Oaxaca (Liebmann, 27 and 146), Acapulco (Thiebaut) ; GuateMaLA, Chojoja near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 393); Nicaraeva, (Lévy, 37); Panama (Seemann).—Cotomsia to Peru and Brazit, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 8. Panicum bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 25. Souta Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 1662, in part.). Hb. Kew. 9. Panicum buchingeri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas). 10. Panicum bulbosum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p.99; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i, p. 99; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27. ~ Sovra Mzxico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 2043), near Tacubaya (Schaffner, 676), Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann, 75), Santa Rosa Los Joares and Guanajuato at 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 11. Panicum cexspitosum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 146; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 18; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 446 (sub P. prostrato) ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 962; Schaffner, 1040; Virlet @ Aoust); Soura Mexico, Cerro de los Bafios, Santa Fé, and San Angel (Bour- geau, 222, 439, 679), San Cristobal (Schaffner), valley of Oaxaca (Liebmann).—WEst Inpigs. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEA. 487 12. Panicum carthaginense, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 148; Griseb. FI. Brit. W. Ind. p. 546; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 26. Panicum fuscum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 13), non Swartz. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Galeotti, 5709).—West InDIEs. 13. Panicum chauvinii, Steud. Gram. p. 68; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 32. Sovrn Mexico, barranca near Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1300), without locality (Kar- winski).—GUADALOUPE. Grisebach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 551) treats this as a variety of P. divaricatum, Linn. 14. Panicum chloroticum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 164; Steud. Gram. p. 73; Fourn. Mex. Pl., Gram. p. 29. Soutn Mexico, Tampico (herb. Uzac), Jicaltepec (Liebmann) ; Nicanaaua (Lévy, 1018). — BRAZIL. . | 15. Panicum clandestinum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 58; A. Gr. Manual Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 647; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 19 (varietas vaginis glabris). CANADA southward.—Sourn Mexico, Cordova (Schaffner). 16. Panicum commelinzfolium, Rudge, Pl. Guian. p. 21, t. 28; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 20. Caro.ina to Lovrstana.—SoutH Mexico, Jicaltepec, Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Botteri, 1304), San Cristobal (Bourgeau, 3132).—Gutiana; Brazin? 17. Panicum compactum, Swartz, Adnot. p. 14; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 552; Fourn. Mex. Pl., Gram. p. 34. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin).—JAMaIca. 18. Panicum conchatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 25. Sourn Mexico, Sierra de San Cristobal (Schaffner). 19. Panicum cordovense, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 26. SoutH Mexico, Cordova (Schaffner). 20. Panicum cyanescens, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 220; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. :p. 20. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virle¢ d Aoust). 21. Panicum decolorans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 100; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 100; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27. Sourn Mexico, near Queretaro at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 92. Panicum diffusum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 160; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 548; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 29. Nortn Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 488 GRAMINE. 2751; Miller, 2042), Vera Cruz (Gouin), Consoquitla (Liebmann).—West Inptss ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 23. Panicum disciferum, Fourn. Mex. P]. Enum., Gram. p. 19. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust). 24. Panicum distichum, Lam. Encycl. iv. p. 741; Steud. Gram. p.55; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 548. Mexico (ex Grisebach); GuatTeMaLa, Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 89); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 532).—CotomBia to Brazin and in the West Inp1xs- Hb. Kew. 25. Panicum divaricatum, Linn. in Elmgr. Pl. Jamaic. Pugil. n. 9; Kunth, Gram. i. t. 29; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 32; Steud. Gram. p- 69; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 32 (varietates plures). SoutH FLoripa.—Common throughout South Mexico and CentraL AMERICA; also in South AMERICA and the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. | As circumscribed by Fournier this includes P. latifolium, Rupr. (Bull. Acad. Brux. ix., reprint, p. 14), and P. glutinosum, H. B. K. (Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p- 100). 26. Panicum elephantipes, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p- 165; Steud. Gram. p. 742 GUATEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 543). Hb. Kew. 27. Panicum excelsum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 180; Fourn. Mex. Pl, Gram. p. 30. SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin).— BRAZIL. 28. Panicum expansum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 26. SoutH Mexico, Huitamalco (Liebmann). 29. Panicum fasciculatum, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 22, et Fl. Ind. Oce. i. p. 145; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 98; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 94; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 26. Panicum fuscum, 8. fasciculatum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 547. Panicum fusco-rubens, Lam. Il. i. p. 171. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; South Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at 2700 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Santa Maria Tlatella, Teotalcingo, and Hacienda de Santa Cruz near Tehuantepec (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Gouin).—Tropical Sour AMERICA and the Wesr Inp1zs. 30 Panicum fimbriatum, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 133, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 81; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 298. Digitaria fimbriata, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 226. SoutH Mexico, Colipa (Karwinski); Nicaragua (Lévy). GRAMINEZ. 489 Fournier treats this as an independent species, and Digitaria setigera, Roth, asa variety of it; but P. fimbriatum is referred to the common P. sanguinale by Munro. 31. Panicum flabellatum, Fourn. in. Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 293. Nicaragua, Omotepe (Lévy, 1166). 82. Panicum fuscum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 156; Steud. Gram. p. 67; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 546. Souta Mexico, Montecifios and Jalapa, Vera Cruz (Linden, 75 and 267), Puerto de Santa Cruz, Oaxaca (Liebmann, 43), without locality (Harris); Guatemata, Chojoja near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 88); Nicaracua, around Granada (Lévy, 136); Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 221).—Sovutn America and West Inpies. Hb. Kew. This is probably the species that Fournier calls P. carthaginense, Swartz, but it is not quite clear that he regarded P. fuscum, Swartz, as the same, because he cites it thus :— “P. fuscum, Swartz, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. in. n. 8,” which may or may not be intended to limit it to Galeotti’s specimen, which Ruprecht had under consideration. Galeotti’s 5709, the plant in question, is not represented in the Kew Herbarium. 83. Panicum francavillanum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 25. Sours Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner). 34. Panicum ghiesbreghtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 29. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Gouin); Soura Mexico, without locality (Ghies- breght), between San Vicente and Corozal (Karwinski). 35. Panicum glutinosum, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 24, non Lam. nec H. B. K.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 23; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 552. South Mexico, Mirador and Chapultepec (Liebmann), San Cristobal and Borrego, _ Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2748, 3192), Orizaba (Botteri, 160; Miller, 2026; Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 36. Panicum gouwini, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 28 (cum var. pumilo). South Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin; Virlet d’ Aoust), Antigua (Liebmann). 37. Panicum henkeanum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 304; Steud. Gram. p. 80; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 97. Mexico, without locality (Henke). A doubtful species, Presl’s description being merely copied by all later authors. 38. Panicum hians, Ell. Bot. Carol. i. p.118; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 573; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 28. Nort Caro.ina to FLorrpa.—Soutu Mexico, Consoquitla (Liebmann), Orizaba (Bot- teri, 182), Real del Monte (Galeotti, 5833). Hb. Kew. Doll (Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 240) reduces Panicum milioides, Nees, to P. hians, Ell. ; BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 3r * 490 GRAMINER. but Fournier does not include the former name, and Munro seems to have regarded it as a distinct species. 39. Panicum hirticaulum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 308; Steud, Gram. p. 81; Kunth, Enum, Pl. i. p. 101. Mexico, without locality (Henke). 40. Panicum ichnanthoides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Miiller, 2082). 41. Panicum inzquale, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 17. Paspalus inequalis, Link?, Schult, Mant. ii. p. 174; Trin. Diss. p. 78. Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 42. Panicum kegelii, Steud. Gram. p. 65 (“an iterum forma Panici stoloniferi”). GUATEMALA (ex Steudel). 43. Panicum kunthii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 29. Panicum coloratum, Kunth, Enum. i. p. 104, et herb. an et Jacq. Mise. ii. p. 305, et Ic. Pl. Rar. i. t.12?, non L. ex Fourn. Panicum arenarium, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 35, non Brot. SourH Mexico, near Vera Cruz (Schiede), valley of Mexico (Schaffner), along the canal near Mericalcingo (Bourgeau, 529). 44, Panicum langei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 23. Sovto Mexico, Teotalcingo (Liebmann). | 45. Panicum laxum, Swartz, Prodr. p. 23%; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 25; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 548. Panicum polygonatum, Kunth, Gram. t. 209, an Schrad.? ex Fourn. Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1282), Mirador, Huatusco, and Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1662 in part)—West Inpius to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 46. Panicum leiophyllum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 20. SoutH Mexico, in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau). 47. Panicum leptostachyum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 311; Steud. Gram. p. 58; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 87. Hymenachne leptostachya, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. Mexico, without locality (Henke). 48. Panicum leucopheum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 97; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 124; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 220; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172. Tricholena insularis, Griseb. F1. Brit. W. Ind. p. 557; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 35. Panicum saccharoides, Willd. non Kunth. Panicum duchassaingii, Steud. Gram. p. 938. GRAMINEZ. 491 Texas.—NortaH Mexico, without locality (Palmer, 1341), near Morales, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1064); Sourn Mxxico, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Cordova (Bourgeau, 2158); Nicaragua, around Granada (Lévy, 283): Panama, Paraiso (S. Hayes, 223).—Souta America and West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 49. Panicum liebmannianum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 33. SoutH Mexico, Consoquitla (Liebmann). p. depauperatum, Fourn. 1. c. SourH Mexico, between Guatulco and San Miguel del Puerto (Liebmann). 50. Panicum lindeni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 29. Souta Mexico, Yucatan (Linden). 51. Panicum linkianum, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 33; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 17. Digitaria marginata, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 102; Trin. Diss. ii. p. 78. Panicum adscendens, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 32, non H. B. K. Panicum sanguinale, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 12), non L. ex Fourn. This grass, which is usually regarded as a form of the very widely diffused P. sanguinale, is common in tropical America, including Mexico and CenTRAL AMERICA. Respecting its claim to specific rank, Fournier says :—“ Differt a P. sanguinali, Linn., non colore spicularum, qui variabilis, viridis aut violascens in utraque specie, nec inflo- rescentia, nam in speciminibus americanis rami tum verticillati, tum corymbosi, sed gluma superiore acuminata dimidiam spiculam superante, non equante. Preterea palea et gluma superior non solum puberule, sed margine et apice lacero-villose, pilis marginalibus pale neutrius primum appressis, dein patulis. Interdum gluma superior quasi bifida videtur.” 62. Panicum maculatum, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 51; Steud. Gram. p. 69; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 32 (varietates). Souta Mexico, Mirador (Léebmann), Oaxaca (ex Steudel).—Gu1ANa ; Brazit. 53. Panicum maximum, Jacq. Ic. Rar. i. t.13; Steud. Gram. p- 72; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 549 ; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 202. Panicum polygamum, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 24; Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 28. Mexico (ex Grisebach).—West INDIES to BRAZIL. According to Grisebach, this was originally introduced into America from Tropical Africa. 54. Panicum megiston, Schult. Mant. ii. p. 248; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 32. Panicum altissimum, Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 63; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 549. Panicum latifolium, var. altissimum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 14). Panicum elatius, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 88, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 121. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann, 66; Linden, 72), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1889 bis), 372 492 GRAMINE. Huitamalco, Trapiche de la Concepcion and La Loja (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5717), without locality (Beechey); GuatemaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 1189).—Gutana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 55. Panicum microspermum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 22. Panicum trichoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 38; et H. B. K. partim. Panicum tricanthum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 210; Presl, Reliq. Henk. 1. p. 809; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 552. South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2172), near Jicaltepec (Laebmann, 136). Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 244).—CoLomBia to Braziz; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 56. Panicum molle, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 143; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p- 92; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 547; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 187. Panicum barbinode, Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 318. PanaMA, Empire Station (8S. Hayes, 230).—West Inpius; SourH America; TROPICAL Arrica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 57. Panicum myosurus, Rich. Act. Hist. Nat. Par. i. p. 106, e descript. sec. Fourn. Hymenachne myosurus, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 276; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. SoutH Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Schaffner).—GuIANA ; BRAZIL. 58. Panicum myurum, Meyer, Prim. El. Esseq. p.50; Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p- 813; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 86, et Suppl. p. 65. Hymenachne myuros, Beauv. Agrostogr. t. 10. fig. 8; Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 275 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. SoutH Mzxtco, without locality (Hanke), Volcan de Jorullo (Humboldt & Bonpland) ; Nicaracua (ex Fournier).—Prrvu ; Guiana; Braziu. Hymenachne Gowini, Fourn., and H. patula, Fourn. loc. cit., placed next to this species, we have not seen. 59. Panicum nervosum, Lam. Encycl. iv. p. 747; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 113, et Gram. i. p. 227, t. 25; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 264; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 23. South Mexico, Papantla and Cordova (Karwinski, 947), Colipa, Mirador, and Pital (Liebmann).—Gutana; BRAZIL. . This species is included entirely on the authority of Fournier. 60. Panicum neuranthum, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 232. “« Panicum striatum, Muhl. non Lam.,” Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 19. South Mexico, Mirador and Cordova (Schaffner), Mirador (Liebmann). Fournier also records this from “Jacksonville, Carolina, Drummond,” but the specimen was probably from Alabama. GRAMINEA. 493 61. Panicum nitidum, Lam. Encycl. iv. p. 21; Déll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p- 246; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 21. Panicum acuminatum, var. 8, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 34, fide Fourn. Sour Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to ‘Orizaba (Miller, 2045 ; Bowrgeau, 2383).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. As defined by Déll., this species is found in the South-eastern States of North America, and includes the Panicum viscidum, Elliott. | 62. Panicum Oaxacense, Steud. Gram. p. 73; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 31. South Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel), Orizaba (Botteri, 500; Miller, 2027), Colipa - (Karwinski), Pital near the Rio Nantla (Liebmann, 285). We have seen no specimens which we could refer with certainty to this species, but there is a specimen in the Kew Herbarium (Liebmann, 123) from the locality cited by Fournier, which agrees fairly well with Steudel’s description as far as it goes. The sets of Liebmann’s plants in different herbaria appear to be all differently numbered. 63. Panicum obtectum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 301; Steud. Gram. p. 58. Tricholena obtecta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 35. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust) ; MExico, without locality (Henke).— MaRrTINIQUE. 64. Panicum obtusum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i p. 98; Kunth, Revis. Gram. t. 116; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1039 ; Parry & Palmer, 960); Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 244), near Guanajuato and Burras 6000 to 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Zacatecas (Coulter, 1638). Hb. Kew. 65. Panicum paspalodes, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 81; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 18; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 545. Panicum brizoides, Lam. Ill. i. p. 170; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 30, fide Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo, Paso de Dofia Juana and San Augustin (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Gouin), without locality (Henke); Nicaragua (Lévy, 123)— West Inpizs and South AMERICA, and widely diffused in the Tropics of the Old World. Hb. Kew, Doll reduces P. paspalodes, Pers., to P. appressum, Lam. 66. Panicum patentissimum, Desv. in Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. p. 2832; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 24; Steud. Gram. p- 832. Souta Mexico, San Christobal, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3197). Hb. Kew. Fournier doubtingly refers Bourgeau’s plant to this species, which is recorded by Desvaux from San Domingo and New Spain, and by Steudel from Mexico. 494 GRAMINE. 67. Panicum phleiforme, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 302; Steud. Gram. p. 58. Hymenachne phleiformis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. MExico, without locality (Henke). 68. Panicum pilosum, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 22; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 300; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 24; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 210 (varietates plures). Panicum tenuiculmum, Mey. Prim. Fl. Essequeb. p. 58; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 215; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 223. South Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner), Mirador (Liebmann ; Galeotti, 5728), Orizaba (Botteri; Bourgeau, 2602; Miller, 2095; Schaffner); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 232); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 226, 227), without locality (Seemann).— West Inpizs and South America. Hb. Kew. Grisebach (FI. Brit. W. Ind. p. 548) reduces-this to P. distichum, Lam. 69. Panicum plantagineum, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 206; D6ll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 18. Panicum leandri, Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 335. Panicum distans, Salam. in Steud. Gram. p. 61. Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 116), without locality (Schiede ; Bourgeau ; Hahn).— BRAZIL. 70. Panicum polygonoides, Lam. Encycl. iv. p 742; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 308; Kunth, Enum. PL. i. p. 115; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 20. Isachne polygonoides, Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. 1. 2, p. 278. Mexico (Henke, ex Presl).—BRazIL; GUIANA. [Panicum pregnans, Steud. Gram. p. 74, is, according to a note by the late General Munro in his copy of the work cited, true P. divaricatum. | 71. Panicum prorepens, Steud. Gram. p. 46. Oplismenus repens, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 321. Mexico (ex Presi). This is most likely Oplismenus colonus, H. B. K., for the author says: “ Maxime affinis O. colono, differt vero radice repente etc.” 72. Panicum pulchellum, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 42; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p.190; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 24; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 178. South Mzxico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1455).—Brau. Hb. Kew. 73. Panicum rectum, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 457; Hook. Fl. Bor.- Am. ii. p. 235; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27. Canapa southward.—Souts Mexico, Castresana, Oaxaca (Liebmann). 74. Panicum reflexopilum, Steud. Gram. p. 84. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel). GRAMINEA. 495 75. Panicum repens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 87; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 103; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 172; Vasey, Grasses U.S. p. 12. Panicum arenarium, Brot. F\. Lusit. i. p. 82; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 35. AaBaMa.—NortH Mexico, San Miguelito mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1040) ; Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz (Schiede & Deppe).—Soutu Evrorpze; Nort AFrica ; Canary Istanps. Hb. Kew. Schlechtendal was the first to refer Mexican specimens to this Old World species, and he says, loc. cit., “ Certo certius nostra una eademque planta ac europea mediter- ranea, forsan nullo jure a P. repente, Linn., distracta et cum aliis a recentioribus speciebus ad eam reducenda.” Chapman (FI. Southern U.S. Suppl. p. 666) records it from the “Sandy Coast of Mobile,” without further remark; but Vasey, who cites the same locality, treats it as a naturalized plant, which it might well be both there and at Vera Cruz, and it may have been conveyed by birds to the mountains of San Miguelito. 76. Panicum rhizophorum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 31. Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3025). Hb. Kew. 77. Panicum rugulosum, Trin. Diss. Alt. p. 195, et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Deser. t. 238; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 258; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 21. Panicum hirsutum, Lam. Encycl. iv. p. 741. Panicum sillowi, var. B. longevaginatum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18). Panicum pilosum, var. B. letiogonum, Rupr. 1. c. fide Fourn. South Mexico, Jalapa (Galeotti, 5728, 5726, 5699), Orizaba (Botteri, 152).—Cusa ; Guiana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 78. Panicum ruprechtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 21. Panicum rariflorum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 14), non Lam. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Las Vigas, near Jalapa, 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5733). 79. Panicum ruscifolium, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 101; Schl. et Ch. in Linnea, vi. p. 33; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 121; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 34 (varietates 2). NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@Aoust); Sovurh Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bilimek), Volcan de Jorullo, 3000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Zimapan (Coulter, 1639), without locality (Parkinson) ; Nicarnaaua (Lévy). Hb. Kew. Under this species Fournier has the following observation :—‘“‘ Haud raro observatur, in Panicis Americanis, singularis queedam spicule abnormitas, que tunc triflora evadit, flore ultimo 1-2-paleato, hyalino, spiculam superante. In hoc statu monstroso nititur genus. Agrostomia (La Naturaleza, Nov. 1870).”* * In the volume of ‘ La Naturaleza’ referred to, pp. 343 to 351, Vicente Cervantes describes a number of grasses from the environs of Mexico as new, and belonging to new genera, but in such a manner as to be quite unrecognizable. Thus :—Agrostomia, three species ; T'richodiclidia, two species; Erucaria, eight species ; and Echinanthus, one species. They are probably all well known under other names. 496 GRAMINEZ. 80. Panicum sanguinale, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 57; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 12); Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 131; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic.. et Descr. tt. 93 et 144. Digitaria sanguinalis, Scop. Fl. Carniol. n. 72. South Mexico, Mirador, 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5716), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 2162); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 12); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 364, 378), Empire Station (S. Hayes, 240).—Generally dispersed in Warm Countries. Hb. Kew. 81. Panicum scaberrimum, Lag. Elench. p. 2; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 105?;. non Link, fide Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 27. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau). 82. Panicum schlechtendalii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. Panicum pallens, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 85, non Swartz. Panicum pallens, var angustifolium, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 15). Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet @ Aoust); Sour Mexico, Mirador ( Galeotti, 5708; Schaffner), Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Bourgeau). 83. Panicum sciaphilum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 14); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 19. Sourn Mexico, Sierra de Yavezia (Galeotti, 5759). 84. Panicum scoparium, Rudge, Pl. Guian. p. 21, t. 29%; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 31. Souta Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa (Liebmann). Typical Panicum scoparium inhabits Guiana, Brazil, and Trinidad. 85. Panicum sorghoideum, Hamilt. Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occ. p. 10; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 31. Panicum lanatum, Swartz, 8. sorghoideum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 561. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin).—West IvDIEs. 86. Panicum squamatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 18. Mexico, Mundo Nuevo (Karwinsht). 87. Panicum stipatum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 297; Steud. Gram. p. 42. It is uncertain whether this was collected in Mexico or the Philippines. 88. Panicum stoloniferum, Poir. Encyc. Suppl. iv. p. 274; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 209; Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. t. 108. Hymenachne frondescens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. Sovurn Mexico, Papantla (Karwinski), Tecoluta, Chinantla, and Tepinapa (Liebmann). —GuIANA; Brazit. 89. Panicum sulcatum, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 50; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W, Ind.. p- 547; Doll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p. 151, t. 26. GRAMINEZ. 497 Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeauw, 1457, 1663, 2599)—Trentpap; Guiana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 90. Panicum thrasya, Trin., Steud. Gram. p. 55. Thrasya paspaloides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. 121, t. 839; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p..71, et Suppl. t. 10. fig. 3. Steudel records this from Panama, but probably in error, for Humboldt and Bonpland’s original habitat is “‘Insula Orinocensis Panumana, inter vicos Atures et San Borja.” 91. Panicum torreyi, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 28. Panicum capillare, var. sylvaticum, Torr. Compend. Fl. Northern and Middle States, p. 71. CaroLina.—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann). We have not succeeded in ascertaining what the North-American botanists have done with Torrey’s plant, therefore we can merely copy Fournier. 92. Panicum umbrosum, Leconte, Cat. Pl. N. York, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 20. Panicum paucifiorum, Ell. Sketch. Bot. Carol. i. p. 120. MassacHuserts and Wisconsin southward.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet @ Aoust); SourH Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann), Zacualtipan and Real del Monte (Berlandier). _ We have not identified anything in the Kew Herbarium with this. Panicum pauci- Joorum, Elliott, appears not to be known with certainty by American botanists, for Gray (Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 648) places a note of interrogation after the name, and states that the plant which he describes has probably been described under several names ; and Chapman (FI. Southern U.S. p. 575) copies Elliott’s description. Panicum umbrosum, Leconte, is probably a nomen nudum, though this point we cannot determine as we have not seen Leconte’s catalogue ; but Torrey (Flora of New York, i. Preface, p. 2), who specially mentions Leconte’s Catalogue, does not take up the name. Fournier, however, places the sign of certainty after both names. Steudel, in his ‘ Nomenclator, cites P. umbrosum, Leconte, as a synonym of P. verrucosum of Miihlenberg. 93. Panicum uncinatum, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 41; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr.t. 216; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 19; Déllin Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 198. Panicum glandulosum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. i. p. 128; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 302. Echinolena polystachya, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 119; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 86. South Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert ; Miller, 2023; Schaffner ; Bourgeau, 2820), San Juan del Rio (Schaffner), near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Misantla and Jicaltepec (Liebmann), Cordova (Bourgeau, 1667), Comaltepec (Galeotti, 5857), Puyapatengo, near Teapa, Tabasco (Linden).—Perru ; Brazit. Fournier cites many more numbers than those given above; but not one of any of BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. | 3s 498 GRAMINEA. those he cites is represented in the Kew Herbarium, though what he regards as this species is probably there among the unnamed ones, for the sets of Liebmann’s, Schaffner’s, and other collectors’ plants in different herbaria are differently numbered. 94, Panicum unisetum, Trin. ; Steud. Gram. p. 49. Urochloa uniseta, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 319. Mexico (Henke). 95. Panicum velutinosum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 121; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 180; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 13); Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 19. SoutH Mexico, Mirador and Zacuapan (Galeotti, 5710); Nicaragua (Lévy, 1020). — BRAZIL. 96. Panicum vicarium, Fourn. Pl. Mex. Enum., Gram. p. 20. SoutH MExico. 97. Panicum vilfoides, Trin. Diss. ii. p. 171, et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 204. Hymenachne fluviatilis, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 278; Schl. in Linnea, xxxi. p. 855; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 36. Sours Mexico, Consoquitla and Jicaltepec (Liebmann).—Braziu. 98. Panicum violascens, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 33 ?, non Steud.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 17. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust, 317). Typical P. violascens is a Brazilian species. 99. Panicum virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 29. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust, 1305, 1371). 100, Panicum virgatum, Linn. ; Steud. Gram. p.77; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. 8. p. 673; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. Common in eastern Norra AMERICA.—MeExico, without locality (Karwinski). 101. Panicum zizanioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 100; Kunth, Revis. Gram. t. 28, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 118; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 26; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 228. Panicum oryzoides, Swartz; Griseb. FI. Brit. W. Ind. p- 547. Souta Mexico, without locality (Schtede & Deppe), Queretaro (Bonpland), Mesachica (Karwinski), Cordova (Schaffner), Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 370), Empire Station (8. Hayes, 281).—CotomBia; Brazit; GUIANA. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEA. 499 6. DIMORPHOSTACHYS. Dimorphostachys, Fourn. in Comptes Rendus Acad. Par. Ixxx. p. 441, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. _ p.18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1101, sub Panico. We have retained this genus, though Bentham and Hooker reduce it to Panicum, because we have not been able to examine the types of Fournier’s proposed new species. 1. Dimorphostachys adoperiens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 15. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner). 2. Dimorphostachys botterii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 14. SoutH Mexico, near Orizaba (Botteri). 3. Dimorphostachys drummondii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 15. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@ Aoust); Soura Mxxico, Mundo Nuevo and Colipa (Karwinski), Potrero de Cazadero, Meta de San Juan, Rancho Nuevo, Colipa, &c. (Liebmann). 4. Dimorphostachys ghiesbreghtii, Fourn. Mex. P). Enum., Gram. p. 16. MExIco, without locality ( Ghiesbreght). 5. Dimorphostachys langei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 14. South Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo and Mecapulco (Liebmann). 6. Dimorphostachys monostachya, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 14. Panicum monostachyum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 96; Kunth, Gram. t. 104; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 181. South Mexico, valley of Oaxaca, near Ocotlan (Liebmann).—Braziu. 7. Dimorphostachys ? oajacensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 16. Paspalum oajacense, Steud. Gram. p. 21. Sour Mexico, Oaxaca (Franco). Fournier had not seen Steudel’s type, but thought from the description it might belong to this genus. 8. Dimorphostachys paspaloides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 14. _ Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 9. Dimorphostachys schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 15, cum var. 8. remotispicula. SoutH Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 1658), Orizaba (Miiller; Bourgeau, 1598), San Juan del Rio (Bourgeau, 2974), Huitamalco (Ivebmann), Mirador (Schaffner; Liebmann), Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1297). 10. Dimorphostachys variabilis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 15. SourH MExico, without locality (Ghiesbreght), Orizaba (Bottert).—GuIana; Brazi.. Hb. Kew. 382 500 GRAMINEA, 7. ICHNANTHUS. Ichnanthus, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 56, t.12. fig.1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1103. Navicularia, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 38. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about twenty species, as limited in Bentham and Hooker’s ‘ Genera Plantarum.’ 1. Ichnanthus alsinoides, Munro, MSS. in Herb. Kew. Var.? Panicum. alsinoides, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 550. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 317). Hb. Kew. This species, as understood by Grisebach, inhabits the West Indies from Cuba to | Trinidad, and South America from Venezuela to Ecuador and Brazil. 2. Ichnanthus mexicanus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 34. Sour Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann). 8. Ichnanthus nemorosus, Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 289. Panicum nemorosum, Swartz, F1. Ind. Occ. i. p. 150; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 210; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 550. Nicaraava, Chontales (Tate, 222); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 225).—CoLomB1a to Ecvapor and Brazit and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 4. Ichnanthus pallens, Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. p. 290. Panicum pallens, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 28 ; ‘Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 211; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 550; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 30. Panicum hemignostum, Steud. Gram. p. 77, fide Fourn. Sovran Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5689); Guatz- MALA, Chojoja, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 475); Nicaracua, Pefia Blanca (Tate, 540) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 373).— VENEZUELA to PERU and Braziu and throughout the West Inpies; also TropicAL Asia. Hb. Kew. Grisebach records this from Australia; but there is no specimen in the Kew Herba- rium, and it is not included in Bentham’s ‘ Flora Australiensis.’ 8. OPLISMENUS. Oplismenus, Beauv. Fl. Owar. et Benin. ii. p. 14, t. 68, et Agrostogr. p. 58, t.11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1104 et p. 1102 (Echinochloa, sectio Panict) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 37. Orthopogon, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 194. Echinochloa, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 58, t. 11. fig. 11. As limited by Bentham and Hooker (to the section Orthopogon) this genus comprises, in their estimation, only three or four species; but we follow Fournier and include Echinochloa, because he describes a number of reputed new species in both sections which we have not seen, and we wish to avoid adding a single unnecessary name to the almost interminable synonymy of some of the widely-dispersed and variable species of grasses. -GRAMINEA. 501 1. Oplismenus angustifolius, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 40. Sovurn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 2. Oplismenus chondrosioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 38. Sour Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 1668; Schaffner), without locality (Liebmann). 3. Oplismenus colonus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 108; Presl, Relig. ‘Heenk. i. p. 821; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 40. Panicum colonum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 84; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 142; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 160; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 140. Widely spread in the warm RxEGIons of both hemispheres, including Mexico and CEntTRAL America. Hb. Kew. _ 4, Oplismenus crus-galli, Kunth, Gram. i. p. 44, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 148; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. tt. 161, 162; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 39. Panicum crus-galli, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 56; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. n1. 2, p. 140. Oplismenus crus-pavonis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 108; Fourn. 1. ec. Panicum crus-pavonis, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 259. This is now spread over nearly all TROPICAL and SUBTROPICAL REGIONS, including MxExico and CenTRAL America. Hb. Kew. 5. Oplismenus depauperatus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 38. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2019 ; Schaffner), Cordillera of Oaxaca ( Gialeotti,5847). 6. Oplismenus humboldtianus, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 264, non Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 322, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 37 (varietates). | - Oplismenus burmanni, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 106, excl. synon. Panicum francot, Steud. Gram. p. 44. Oplismenus cristatus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 323.: Panicum cristatum, Steud. Gram. p. 46. Common in Soura Mexico and CentRaL AMERICA, and southward ; and some botanists refer certain Old-World forms of the genus to this species. Hb. Kew. 7. Oplismenus holciformis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 107; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1105. Panicum holciforme, Steud. Gram. p. 48. ' Berchtoldia holciformis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 41 (varietates). South Mexico, Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 910), Mirador (Schaffner), Regla (Galeotti, 6810).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. Bentham (Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 46) in reference to this says :—‘ Berchtoldia junciformis, judging from the specimens Fournier quotes, is one of the large coarse forms of Panicum (Echinochloa) very nearly allied to, if not varieties of, Panicum crus- galli; the other, Berchtoldia oplismenoides, Fourn., is unknown to me, but must, from his description, be referable also to Echinochloa.” We have only seen Spruce’s specimen of the Oplismenus holciformis, none of the Mexican specimens being in the Kew Herbarium. 502 GRAMINEA, 8. Oplismenus liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 38. Soura Mexico, Zacuapan, and in pastures between La Galera and Pochutla (iebmann). 9. Oplismenus loliaceus, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 168; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 106; Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 320; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 38 (varietates). Panicum loliaceum, Lam. Ill. i. p. 170; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. 11. 2, p. 145, t. 28. Panicum sylvaticum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 14), non Lam. South Mexico. Fournier cites many numbers for this species in the collections of Bourgeau, Liebmann, Botteri, Schaffner, and others, not one of which, however, is represented in the Kew Herbarium. 10. Oplismenus polystachyus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 107; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 146; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 40. Panicum bonplandianum, Steud. Gram. p. 48. SourH Mexico, near Tabasco (Linden).—Orinoco and West INnDIEs. Fournier suggests that O. jamaicensis is the same as this. 11. Oplismenus rariflorus, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 320; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 39. Panicum parciflorum, Steud. Gram. p. 4. Souta Mexico, Acapulco (Henke), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1301). 12. Oplismenus setarius, Rem. et Schult. Syst. ii. p. 481; Schl. et Ch. in Linnea, vi. p. 35; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 38. Panicum setarium, Lam. Il. i. p. 170; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 15) ; D6ll in Mart. Fl. Bras. 11. 2, p. 147. Orthopogon setarius, Sprengel, Syst. Veg. i. p. 806. Trexas.—MeExico and CENTRAL AMERICA, common.—SovuTH AMERICA. Hb. Kew. 13. Oplismenus spectabilis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 145. Panicum spectabile, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 262; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 166; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 143; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 546. Soutn Mexico, Tabasco (Linden, 1352)—Cvusa to TrinipaD, Guiana, and Brazit. Hb. Kew. | Linden’s plant referred to this species is probably the same as that referred to O. polystachyus by Fournier. 14. Oplismenus thiebauti, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 39. SoutH Mexico, Acapulco (Thiebaut). 15. Oplismenus zelayensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 108; Kunth, Enum. i. p. 143; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 40. Panicum zelayense, Steud. Gram. p. 47. SoutH Mexico, near Zelaya, Queretaro and Pazcuaro at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Mexico (Beriandier, 1369, 2320), between Mexico and Tacubaya GRAMINEA., 503 (Bourgeau, 236), Pital (Liebmann), valley of Guadalupe (Schaffner), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau), Orizaba (Botteri, 159; Miller, 2049). Hb. Kew. [Oplismenus tenuis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 319=Panicum exile, Steud. Gram. p. 45, is a doubtful species not identified by Fournier. | 9. CHATIUM. ‘Chetium, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 269; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1104. Berchtoldia, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 328, t. 43. This genus is here limited as in Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum,’ the two other species proposed by Fournier being referred to Oplismenus—see O. holci- formis. Besides the following, there is one Brazilian species. 1. Chetium bromoides, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 46, et in Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1105. Berchtoldia bromoides, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 324, t. 43; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 40. Panicum berchtoldia, Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 150 in nota, sub Panico chetio. SoutH Mexico, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2597), Vera Cruz (Ivebmann) ; GuaTEMaLa, San Gerdénimo (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 10. SETARIA. Setarta, Beauv. Fl. Owar. et Benin, ii. p. 80, quoad char. gen., non t. 110, ex Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1105. This genus is now spread over nearly all tropical and temperate regions, and many species have been proposed; but Bentham estimates that there are scarcely more than ten distinct ones. We have seen no authenticated specimens of Fournier’s Mexican new species; but there are a considerable number of forms in the Kew Herbarium referred to S. glauca, &c., which may represent some of them. 1. Setaria auriculata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 43, cum fp. depau- perata, 1. c. p. 44. _ Soura Mexico, Campeachy (Linden), Manantial ( LTiebmann), valley of Orizaba (Miller, 2047; Schaffner). 2. Setaria caudata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 495; Fourn. Mex. Pl. _Enum., Gram. p. 44. Panicum caudatum, Lam. Tl. i. p 171. Texas; New Mexico.—MeExico, Acapulco (Thiebaut).— West InpDIEs, and southward to Uruguay. To this Fournier doubtingly refers Setaria rarifiora, Presl, Reliq. Henk, i. p. 8138=Panicum rarifiorum, Steud. Gram. p. 51=Panicum dissitifiorum, Steud. -Nomencl. Bot, 504 GRAMINEZ. 3. Setaria cirrosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 43. South Mexico, San Augustin (Liebmann). ** Haud procul abest Setaria longiseta, Beauv. Owar. t. 110, que tamen spicis laxi- oribus gaudet et magis compositis.”—ournier. 4. Setaria composita, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 110; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 44. Panicum compositum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 244. Panicum macrostachyum, Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 166, partim. Mexico, without locality (Hahn, Karwinski), Taboga (Thiebaut) ; Nicaragua (Lévy). —Southward to Brazit. 5. Setaria effusa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 42. SourH Mexico, Orizaba and near Cordova (Bourgeau, 1457, 2599; Schaffner),. Mirador, Tonaguia, and Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann). 6. Setaria falcifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 44. Mexico, without locality (Jurgensen, 622). 7. Setaria flava, Kunth, Gram. i. p- 46, et Enum. Pl.i. p. 149; Fourn. Mex.. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 45. Panicum flavum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 238 ; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 159. _ Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Soura Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 231), Jalapa &c. (Galeotti, 5803, 5849), Colipa, Mirador, Chinantla, and other localities (Liebmann), Orizaba (Schaffner), Cordova (Bourgeau, 2202).—Pxrv ; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 8. Setaria geniculata, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p.491; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 46 (varietates plures). Panicum geniculatum, Lam. Encycl. Method. iv. p. 737 ; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 158. Pennisetum geniculatum, Jacq. Ecl. Gram. t. 27. Panicum glaucum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 15). Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sovrn Mexico, Cordova (Bour- geau, 2202 bis), Orizaba (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gouin), San Pedro Nolasco and Comaltepec (Galeotti, 5883, 5863), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2369).—West Inpies to Braziu and Cuiui. Hb. Kew. 9. Setaria grisebachii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 45. SoutH Mexico, around Mexico (Berlandier, 622), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 441,. 1159), Orizaba (Schaffner), Tehuacan (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 10. Setaria imberbis, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 891; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 46 (varietates). Panicum imberbe, Poir, Encycl. Suppl. iv. p. 272; Rupr. Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 16) ; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 156. Setaria purpurascens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 110; Schl. et Ch. in Linnea, vi. p. 35. . Panicum purpurascens, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 240. GRAMINEA. 505 Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust) ; Sours Mexico, Zacuapan (Galeotti, 5687), Barranca near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 438 in part), near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe).—Soutn America. Hb. Kew. 11. Setaria jurgensenii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 42. Mexico, without locality (Jurgensen). 12. Setaria levis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 45 - Mexico (Karwinsk). 18. Setaria liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 44. - Sour Mexico, Manantial (Liebmann). 14. Setaria longipila, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. Mexico, without locality (Jurgensen, 722). 15. Setaria macrostachya, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 110, excl. syn. ; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 315, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 46. Panicum macrostachyum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 245; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 166, partim. South Mexico, without locality (Schiede), Mirador (Liebmann), between Salamanca and Zelaya (Humboldt & Bonpland).—West Inpies; Braziu. Hb. Kew. 16. Setaria onurus, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 555; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 44. Panicum onurus, Willd. in Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 251. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Souta Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 907), Santa Ines (Hahn).—West Inprus to Braz. 17. Setaria paniculifera, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 42. ‘Panicum paniculiferum, Steud. Gram. p. 54. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steudel), Comaltepec, in the region of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5858). 18. Setaria penicillata, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 314; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 46. Setaria glauca, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 109, excl. syn. ex Fourn. Sours Mexico, Papantla (Karwinski), Campeachy (Linden), Santa Fé near Vera Cruz (Gouin). 19. Setaria pseudoverticillata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 43. Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 20. Setaria schiedeana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 43. Ixophorus schiedeanus, Schl. in Linnea, xxxi. p. 421. Souta Mexico, Atlacomulco (Schiede). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL., Movember 1885. 3t 506 GRAMINEA. 21. Setaria semirugosa, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 152; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. Panicum rugosum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 243; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 167. South Mexico (Karwinskt).—BRaziu. 22. Setaria streptobotrys, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Real del Monte, 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5832), Chinantla and Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Miller, 2067), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 231 in part; Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 23. Setaria sulcata, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 50; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 42 (varietates). Panicum (Ptychophyllum) sulcatum, Aublet, Guian. i. p. 50; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. 11. 2, p. 152, t. 26. Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1663 ; Schaffner), Mirador (Liebmann), Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5856).— West Inpies; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 24. Setaria uniseta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 43. Panicum unisetum, Trin.; Steud. Gram. p. 178; Schl. in Linnea, xxxi. pp. 396, 398. Urochloa uniseta, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 319. Izophorus unisetus, Schl. in Linnea, xxxi. p. 421. Mexico, Hacienda de Naranjo (Karwinski), without locality (Henke). 25. Setaria viridis, Beauv. Agrostogr. p.51; Kunth, Enum. Pl.i. p. 151; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. Mexico ? (Liebmann). 11. CENCHRUS. Cenchrus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1149, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1105. A genus of about a dozen species, very widely diffused in tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres. In this, as in several other genera, Fournier has founded a number of new species of which we have not seen authenticated specimens. 1. Cenchrus brevisetus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. Sourh Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3140; Schaffner; Botteri, 133) ; Nicaragua (Lévy, 235). Hb. Kew. 2. Cenchrus echinatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1050; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 836; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 173. | A very widely dispersed species, found in Mexico and CentRaL America. Hb. Kew. 3. Cenchrus multiflorus, Pres), Reliq. Henk. i. p. 318; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 49. GRAMINEA, 507 Sourh Mexico, San Augustin, Oaxaca (Liebmann), on the Pacific coast (Galeotti, 5580). Hb. Kew. 4, Cenchrus myosuroides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 115, t. 35; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sours Mexico, Juquila, on the Pacific coast (Galeotti, 5753).—CoLomBia ; PERU; CUBA. 5. Cenchrus pallidus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. Sours Mexico, Puerto de Santa Cruz, near Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 6. Cenchrus pilosus, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 116, t. 36 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. Sourn Mexico, Campeachy (Linden).—VENEZUELA. 7. Cenchrus pungens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 115; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. Mexico (Virlet d’ Aoust).—PERU. 8. Cenchrus roseus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 50. Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 9, Cenchrus tribuloides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1050; Nees, Agrostol. p. 288; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 51. Virernia to Texas and Catirornia.—Sovuta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Virlet d'Aoust ; Gouin ; Liebmann), Real del Monte (Galeotti, 5825), Guadalupe near Mexico (Bow geau, 537), Mirador (Schaffner), Huatusco (Liebmann). | 12. PENNISETUM. Pennisetum, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 72; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii, p. 1105. A genus of about forty species, for the greater part African, and two or three of which are widely dispersed, whilst a very few are endemic in the Mascarene Islands, Australia, and Tropical America. 1. Pennisetum bambusiforme, Hemsl. Gymnothrix bambusiformis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 48. Sour Mexico, near Mirador (Schaffner). 2. Pennisetum complanatum, Hemsl. Gymnothrix complanata, Nees in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 83, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, 7 p. 224. . GUATEMALA, Duefias (Salvin); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1560). Hb. Kew. 3% 2 508 GRAMINEZ. 8. Pennisetum flavescens, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 49. Mexico (Henke). A doubtful plant, perhaps not different from P. setoswm. Fournier did not see it. 4. Pennisetum humboldtianum, Hemsl. Gymnothriz crinita, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 112; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 159; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. Mexico, on the shores of Lake Cuisco near la Puerta de Andaracuas, and near Santa Rosa at 5400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Fournier, rightly or wrongly, refers several specimens in recent collections to this species. See remarks under P. mexicanum. 5. Pennisetum karwinskii, Schrad. in Linnea, xii. p. 43; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 49. Mexico (Karwinskt). Fournier states that this was not found among Karwinski’s plants of the St. Peters- burg Herbarium. 6. Pennisetum mexicanum, Hemal. Gymnothriz mexicana et G. grisebachiana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 48. — SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3139; Miller, 2015, 2067), Papantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. Fournier refers Miiller’s 2067 to Gymnothria crinita, but the Kew specimen bearing this number is the same as 2015 and as Bourgeau’s 3139. On the other hand, the Pennisetum setosum of Bentham’s ‘ Plantes Hartwegiane,’ which Fournier also refers to Gymnothria crinita, is certainly different from Miiller’s plant, though it may be true crinita. It is very probable that Fournier had different species under the numbers in question. P. mexicanum is perhaps hardly specifically different from P. complanatum. 7. Pennisetum multiflorum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 49. Fournier merely describes the inflorescence and flowers of this, and adds “ con- fusum cum ceteris.” 8. Pennisetum nervosum, Trin. ; Steud. Gram. p. 102. Gymnothrix nervosa, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 277; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. i. 2, p. 8302; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 47. Sovura Mexico, Tampico (“ herb. Uzac” ex Fournier).—BRAZIL. 9. Pennisetum nicaraguense, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 293. Nicaracua, around Granada (Lévy, 1304). | -10.-Pennisetum setosum, Rich. in Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 72; Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 282; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 20; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 555; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 49. Pennisetum purpurascens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 118; Ch. et Schl. n Linnea, vi. p..36. GRAMINEA. 509 NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1953); Sour Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Acapulco (Hinds).— ‘West Inpiss; Brazit. The specimens referred to this species in Bentham’s ‘ Plante Hartwegiane,’ p. 53, and subsequently (p. 348) referred to Gymnothrix crinita, H. B. K., certainly belong to the section Gymnothrix, but we are doubtful as to the species. 11. Pennisetum tristachyum, Steud. Gram. p. 103. Gymnothriz tristachya, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 113, vii. t. 678; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 48. Gymnothrix distachya, Fourn. 1. ce. Pennisetum distachyum, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 16). Soura Mexico, valley of Cordova and Rio Blanco, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1664, 2543), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 2066), Mirador (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz { Galeotti, 5680).—West Inpizs; Braz. Hb. Kew. 12. Pennisetum uniflorum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 114, t. 34; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 317; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 49. South Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Lobani and Petlapa (Liebmann), without locality (Haenke).—Prrv. 13. SPARTINA. Spartina, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 43 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1108. Species about half a dozen, one of which is widely diffused in maritime districts of Europe, Africa, and America, and has received various names; three or four inhabit North America, one extra-tropical South America, and one is peculiar to the Tristan da Cunha group and Amsterdam Island. 1. Spartina gouini, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 135. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 14. STENOTAPHRUM. Stenotaphrum, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 175; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1108. Diastemanthe, Steud. Gram. p. 360. Two or three species, very widely dispersed, especially in maritime districts, including many of the most remote oceanic islands. 1. Stenotaphrum americanum, Schrank, Hort. Monac. t..98; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 188; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 37. , Stenotaphrum glabrum, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 176. Rotiboellia compressa, Beauv. Agrostogr. t. 21. fig. 8. Diastemanthe platystachys, Steud. Gram. p. 360. A very widely dispersed, chiefly littoral, plant, found on the coast of MxExico and CrnTRAL AMERICA. Hb. Kew. 510 GRAMINEZ. 15. OLYRA. Olyra, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1045 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1110. A genus of about twenty species, whereof one is Tropical African and the rest Tropical American. 1. Olyra latifolia, Linn. Amen. Acad. v. p. 408; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 535; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 177; Déll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p. 316; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 3. Olyra paniculata, Swartz, Observ. Bot. p. 847. Soutn Mexico, Jicaltepec, Colipa, Santa Barbara, Guatulco, and other localities (Liebmann), Papantla &c. (Karwinski) ; Honpuras, Gulf of Fonseca (Hinds) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 279); Panama (S. Hayes, 60).—Cotomsia to Guiana and Braziu and throughout the Wust Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Olyra pauciflora, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 125; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 68; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 327; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 536. Lithachne axillaris, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 185, t. 24. fig. 2; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 4. SoutH Mexico, Mirador, Colipa, Misantla, Huitamalco, and various other localities (Liebmann).— West Invies ; CoLomBiaA; GUIANA; BRaziL. 3. Olyra semiovata, Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Deser. t. 347; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 535; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 320; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 3. South Mexico, Lacoba, Chinantla (Liebmann).—Trinipap; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 4. Olyra strictiflora, Hemsl. Strephium strictiflorum, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 461, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 4. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo and Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew, 16. PHARUS. Pharus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1063; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iui. p. 1110. An exclusively American genus of about five very closely allied species, ranging from Florida and Mexico to Brazil. : 1. Pharus latifolius, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1408; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 5386; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 3. Pharus brasiliensis, var. meaicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 20). Pharus vittatus, Lemaire, Flore des Serres, t. 316 ; Steud. Gram. p. 8? FLoripa.—SovutH Mexico, Zacuapan 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5713), Mirador (Liebmann, 67; Linden, 107), without locality (Harris); Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 466).— Southward to Ecuapor and Brazit, and throughout the Wrst Inpizs. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEZ. 511 Tribe II. MAYDE. Maydee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1075, 1078. This tribe comprises only eight small genera, the majority of which are American. Coiz alone is represented in Africa. 17. COIX. Coiz, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1043; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1112. Species three or four, one of which (C. lacryma) is now almost generally diffused in the tropics, either wild or naturalized, though it does not appear to have reached Australia ; the others are restricted to India. 1. Coix lacryma, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 972; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 20; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 30, t. 10; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 561; Lam. II. t. 50. Coix arundinacea, Lam. Encycl. iii. p. 422, non Koenig in Willd. ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. Xvili. p. 173; Steud. Gram. p. 9. Nort Mexico, Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1337). Hb. Kew. Grisebach treats this as an introduced plant in the West Indies, whilst Déll seems to have regarded it as indigenous in South America. The only Mexican specimen that we have seen is Palmer’s, cited above, and there is no specimen in the Kew Herbarium from any part of Central America. Seemann does not include it in his “Flora of Panama” (Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald’), nor Fournier in his enumeration of Lévy’s Nicaraguan grasses (Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 292). Nevertheless Lamarck founded his Coix arundi- nacea, in part at least, on a figure in Hernandez’s ‘ Rerum Med. Nov. Hisp. Thesaurus’ (p. 282, figura dextra), and Hernandez cites two Mexican names for it ; hence, if ori- ginally introduced into Mexico, it was probably at a somewhat remote period. This grass is now so common in most hot countries that collectors often neglect to preserve specimens, and sometimes, when specimens of naturalized plants are sent, they are not incorporated in the herbarium; and these circumstances are sufficient to explain the absence of Mexican and Central-American specimens at Kew. 18. TRIPSACUM. Tripsacum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1044; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1118. The genus is limited to the following American species. Fournier distinguishes four species. 1, Tripsacum dactyloides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1378; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 469; Hackel in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 8, p.316; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p- 650; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Tripsacum monostachyum, Willd. Hort. Berol. i. t. 1; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 557. Tripsacum lanceolatum, Rupr. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 347 (nomen tantum) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. ; Gram. p. 68, cum £. monostachys (descriptio). Tripsacum compressum, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 465. 512 GRAMINEA. Connecticut and PEnnsyivanta to ILLINOIS and southward.—NortH Mexico, San Luis: Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust) ; Soura Mexico, Mirador (Schaffner), Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 252), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 444).—Jamatca; Trinipap; Braz. Hb. Kew. 2. Tripsacum fasciculatum, Trin. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 17, nomen tantum); Aschers. in Bot. Zeit. 1877, p. 525 (descriptio) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 69. Tripsacum dactyloides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 40, non Linn. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3138), Zacuapan at 3000 feet, and Arumbaro, near Morelia, Michoacan, at 3500 to 5000 feet (Galeotti,. 5796, 5844), Mirador (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 19. EUCHLAENA. Euchlena, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1832, ex Linnea, viii. Litter.-Ber. p-25; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1114. Reana, Brign. Ind. Sem. Hort. Modena, 1850, ex Flora, 1850, p. 400. This genus is restricted to Mexico and Central America. The number of species is uncertain. 1. Kuchlena bourgei, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 467, et Mex. Pl. Knum., Gram. p. 69. Sour Mexico, Chiquihita, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, absque numero). This species, which we have not seen, was founded on a male specimen. 2. Kuchlena luxurians, Durieu de Maisonneuve et Ascherson in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1877, no. 14, p. 105 (J anuary 1877); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 70; Bot. Mag. t. 6414. Reana luzurians, Dur. de Mais. in Bull. Soc. d’Acclim. sér. 2, ix. p. 581. Euchlena mexicana, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 467, partim, non Schrad. Norra Mexico, mountains of San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner); Sourn Mexico, San Augustin near the Pacific (Liebmann); Guatemata. Hb. Kew. The only wild specimen of the genus we have seen is that collected by Schaffner, and referred by Bentham to this species. By the side of the cultivated ones it is a mere miniature, and, if correctly named, gives us reason to suppose that there may be only one species. Schaffner records that is the “ Mais coyote” of the natives; a name attri- buted to Dripsacum fasciculatum by Galeotti (Bull. Acad. Brux. ix., reprint, p. 17). 8. Euchlena mexicana, Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Geett. 1832, ex Linnea, viii., Litter.-Ber. p. 25; Aschers. in Verhandl. Bot. Verein Prov. Brandenb. 1875, p. 76, et in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Par. 1877, no. 14, p. 105, et Bot. Zeit. 1877, pp. 521-526 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 70. Euchlena giovanninii, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 467, et 1. c. p. 69. Reana giovanninii, Brign. Ind. Sem. Hort. Modena, 1850; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 71. MEXIco. GRAMINEA, . 513. 20. ZEA. Zea, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1042; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1114. A monotypic genus. 1. Zea mays, Linn. Sp. Pl.ed.1, p. 971; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.,.Gram. p. 70. Maize or Indian corn is cultivated in Mexico and Central America. It is almost certainly of American origin, though the wild condition is unknown. Tribe IIT. ORYZEA. Oryzee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1075 et 1079. This small tribe, which is sparsely represented in Europe, Asia, Africa, America, and Australia, consists of aquatic or subaquatic grasses. Nine genera are admitted by Bentham and Hooker and about thirty species. 21. LUZIOLA. Luziola, Juss. Gen. Plant. p. 33; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1115. An exclusively American genus of about six species, ranging from the southern United States to Brazil. 1. Luziola peruviana, Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. p. 575; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. Suppl. p.9; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p.17, t.5; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 1; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 535. | Luziola mexicana, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 199. ' SovutH Mexico, between Tula and Queretaro, at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland),. Orizaba (Schaffner).—Prrv, Gutana, Brazii, and TRINIDAD. We have seen no Mexican specimens; but in the ‘ Genera Plantarum’ a distinction is drawn between L. peruviana proper, L. peruviana, Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. t. 2, and some: others ; the former having, it is stated, both the male and the female flowers in terminal panicles, whilst the females in the latter are lateral. This distinction may possibly hold good with regard to L. alabamensis and an undescribed specimen from Guiana; but, as. Doll observes, in L. peruviana it is only when the culms are wholly female that the ter- minal panicle is female—“ Panicule feminee in culmis moneccis axillares, ambitu sub- ovate, plerumque duz vel tres, in culmis mere femineis terminales tumque plerumque. majores, ambitu oblong atque elongate.” 22. ORYZA. Oryza, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1042; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1116. An Asiatic genus of about five distinct species, according to Bentham, though nearly twenty have been described. 0. sativa is now cultivated in all warm countries, and is. also more or less established in a wild state. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 3 u 614 GRAMINEZA. 23. LEERSIA. Leersia, Swartz, Nov. Gen. et Sp. Pl. p. 21; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1117. Five species are known, all of which are indigenous in America ; one of them (L. ory- zoides) is also frequent in Temperate Europe and Asia; and ZL. hexandra, Swartz, is widely spread in the tropical regions of the Old World. We have only seen two speci- mens of this genus from Mexico, and one single culm from Nicaragua, therefore we can merely extract from Fournier without making any comparisons. 1. Leersia gouini, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2. Leersia mexicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 19), non H. B. K. Sout Mexico, sand dunes on the coast of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5700; Gouin). 2. Leersia hexandra, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 21; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 5385; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2. Leersia mexicana, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et. Sp. i. p. 195; Kunth, Gram. i. p. 179, t. 1. Oryza hexandra et O. mexicana, Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 10. Fioripa to TExas.— Mexico, valley of Mexico, between Chalco and Jochimilco, at 10,500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Orizaba (Schaffner ; Miller, 2107, 2178), Mirador (iebmann); Nicaxagua, Greytown (Tate, 60).—SoutH AMERICA; West Inpies; ArFrica; Asia; AustrauiaA. Hb. Kew. 3. Leersia ligularis, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Sc. St. Pétersb. 6 série, iii. Botanique, p. 168; Steud. Gram. p. 1; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2. SoutH Mexico, near Jalapa, in woods of Macultepec (Schiede), without locality. (Jurgensen, 688). 4, Leersia monandra, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p- 21; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1. p. 6; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 535; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 20); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2. Oryza monandra, Doll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 2, p. 9. Fioripa ; TExas.—SoutH Mexico, Zacuapan, Vera Cruz at 1500 to 3000 feet ( Galeotti, 5724), Cordova (Schaffner ; Bourgeau), Mirador (Liebmann).—West InpiEs to Braziu. 5. Leersia ovata, Poir. in Lam. Encycl., Suppl. iii. p. 329; Steud. Gram. p. 2; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 2. KasteRN Norra AMeERIcA.—Sovuta Mexico, Potrero de Cazadero (Liebmann), Colipa { Karwinski). Fournier retains this as a distinct species; Sprengel (Syst. Veg. i. p. 264) reduces it to L. lenticularis, Michx., the most marked species, whilst Munro (MSS. in Steud. Gram. in Bibl. Kew) states that he believed it to be a variety of the very different LL. virginica. The North-American botanists do not appear to have dealt with it. GRAMINEZ. 515 Tribe IV. TRISTEGINEZ. Tristeginee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1075 et 1080. This tribe, like the last, is thinly scattered over Asia, Africa, America, and Australia, but it is apparently unrepresented in Europe; at least, as circumscribed in the ‘ Genera Plantarum.’ In the ‘Flora Australiensis’ (vii. p. 546), and in a preliminary review of the Graminee (Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 58), Bentham included in it the almost ubiquitous genus Polypogon, which he finally referred to the Agrostidee. As now constituted the tribe comprises twelve genera, which, with the exception of Arundinella and Garnotia, contains only from one to three species each. Of the last-named genus about eight species are known. 24, ARUNDINELLA. Arundinella, Raddi, Agrostogr. Bras. p. 36, t. 1. fig. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1118. There are about twenty-four species of this genus, widely diffused in the tropical regions, though most numerous in Asia. Fournier enumerates seven Mexican species, but we can only distinguish two, or at most three, among the specimens in the Kew Herbarium. Still the material is insufficient to decide how many species there are from our standpoint. 1. Arundinella deppeana, Nees in Bonplandia, 1855, p. 84, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 224, vix Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 54. Arundinella auletica, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 16, nil nisi nomen); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 54 (descriptio). Arundinella latifolia et A. scoparia, Fourn. 1. c. pp. 54 et 55. Thysanachne scoparia, Presl, Symb. Bot. p. 12, t. 6. et Relig. Hank. i. p. 253. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 2129; Botteri), Mirador (Liebmann ;. Linden, 282), Cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5679), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1660, in part); Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 228), Paraiso (S. Hayes, 608). Hb. Kew. Doll (Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 229) refers Arundinella auletica and Thysanachne scoparia to Arundinella martinicensis, Trin., and he is probably right. Fournier refers. the A. martinicensis of Grisebach, Cat. Cub. Pl. p. 234, to A. auletica; and A. phrag- mitotdes, Griseb. 1. c., is perhaps the same as A. deppeana, Nees. 2. Arundinella pallida, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 465; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras, ii, 2, p. 298, sub A. brasiliensis (t. 38); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 53. Ischemum pallidum, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 515. . South Mexico, Mirador and Huatusco (Liebmann); Panama (Seemann). Hb. Kew. Arundinella robusta, Fourn. 1. c., may be a luxuriant state of this species (Bourgeau, 1660, in part), and 2223 Bourgeau, as to the Kew specimen, is the same ; yet Fournier refers it to A. deppeana. Fournier also refers some Mexican specimens collected by | 3u 2 516 GRAMINEA, Liebmann and Galeotti to A. brasiliensis, Raddi; and as Doll reduces pallida to brasiliensis, with the following observation concerning the plate—‘‘ad Arundinelle pallide Neesii specimen authenticum delineato”—it would seem that either there are very few really distinct American species, or there is great confusion of them in different works. | Tribe V. ZOYSEA. Zoysee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1075 et 1080. This is another small tribe, yet it is represented in America, Africa, Asia, and Australia, and also in Europe, though by only one species, Tragus racemosa, which has the same range as the whole tribe. Altogether there are thirteen genera, none of which numbers more than six species, and seven of them are monotypic. 25. HILARIA. Hilaria, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 116, p. 37; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1121. An exclusively American genus of about five or six species, ranging from California and Texas to South Mexico. 1. Hilaria cenchroides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 117, t. 835; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 21); Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28; Nees.in Linnea, xix. p. 686; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 3; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 72. Anthephora belangeri, Steud. Gram. p. 111, ex Munro MSS. Texas; New Mexico; Arizona.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; Sourn Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 251), Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 223; Schaffner, 673), Cordillera of Oaxaca 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5754), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1638), Jalisco (Beechey). Hb. Kew. - [Hexarrhena cenchroides, Presl (Reliq. Henk. i. p. 326, t. 45), is not in the Kew Herbarium ; but in Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum’ it is reduced from the figure to Hilaria, whilst Fournier retains it as a distinct genus, identifying with it an imperfect specimen collected by Karwinski. As a species it is quite distinct from Hilaria cenchroides.| | 26. AAGOPOGON. Aigopogon, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 899; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1121; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 71. Schellingia, Steud. in Flora, 1850, p. 231, t. 1. Hymenothecium, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 4. The genus is limited to two species, ranging from Mexico to Bolivia. Fournier describes several slight varieties of each species, which are not distinguished here; for he says himself:—* In eodem specimine (Bowrgeau, 226) varietates plures apparent, 4K. cenchroides genuinus, 4. trisetus et ZE. multisetus. Haud dubito quin 4. quingue- setus, R. et S. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 805 (Hymenothecium quinquesetum, Lag.), calycis valvula GRAMINEZ. 517 exteriore 5-aristata insignis, etiam inter varietates Agopogonis cenchroidis recen- sendus sit.” 1. Hgopogon cenchroides, H. B. K. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 899; H. B. K. Nov. ‘Gen. et Sp. i. p. 132, t. 42; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 36; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 6); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 72. LEgopogon trisetus et AL. quinquesetus, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 805. Aigopogon setifer, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 691. Agopogon multisetus, Griseb. ex Fourn. lL. c. -Hymenothecium trisetum et H. quinquesetum, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 4. Cynosurus gracilis, Cav. H. R. M.i. t. 5. fig. 3, ex Lag. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 942), San Miguelito (Schaffner); Sovran Mexico, Las Vegas, between Jalapa and Mexico (Galeotti, 5750), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 226), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1656), Zacuapan (Lieb- mann), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2070); Guatema.a, lower part of Volcan de Fuego (Salvin & Godman), without locality (Bernoulli, 130).— ‘CoLomsBra to Bottvia. Hb. Kew. 2. Aigopogon geminiflorus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 133, t. 43; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 5); Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 225; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 71. Schellingia tenera, Steud. in Flora, 1850, p. 232, t. 1, et Syn. Gram. p. 214. _Aigopogon unisetus, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. p. 805. Hymenothecium unisetum et H. tenellum, Lag. Elench. Hort. Matr. Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 4. Cynosurus tenellus, Cav. H. R. M. i. t. 5. fig. 2, ex Lag. SourH Mexico, around Tacubaya (Schaffner, 689), San Nicolas, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 1027), near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 750), without locality (Graham; Parkinson) ; Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1561).—Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 27. CATHESTECUM. ‘Cathestecum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 294, t. 42; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ui. p. 1122 (errore Cathestechum). The genus, as far as known, is restricted to the Texano-Mexican region, and only two ‘species have been described. 1. Cathestecum erectum, Vasey et Hackel in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xi. p. 37, t. 45. Texas.—Norte Mexico, Sonora (Palmer). 2. Cathestecum prostratum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 295, t.42; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 133. _ MExIco, without locality (Henke; Schaffner). 518 GRAMINER. 28. ANTHEPHORA. Anthephora, Schreb. Beschr. Gras. ii. p. 105, t. 44; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1122. Besides the following, there are four species of this genus in Tropical and South Africa. 1. Anthephora elegans, Schreb. Beschr. Gras. ii. p. 106, t. 44; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 116; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 556; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 51. Cenchrus levigatus, Trin. Diss. ti. p. 74. South Mexico, Acapulco (Thiebaut), San Augustin, Pochutla, &c. (Liebmann), Vera Cruz (Gouin), Volcan de Jorullo (Humboldt & Bonpland); Nicaraeva, near Granada (Lévy, 239), Greytown (Tate, 80).—CoLomBia to Perv and BraziL and in the WEsT Inpies. Hb. Kew. 29. TRAGUS. Tragus, Hall, Stirp. Helv. ii. p. 203; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1122. Lappago, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 55. A monotypic genus. 1. Tragus racemosus, Hall, Stirp. Helv. ii. p. 203; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 122, t. 18. Lappago racemosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 484; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 170, et Revis. Gram. t. 120; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 119; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Tragus occidentalis, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 286, et in Linnea, xix. p. 688 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 4. Lappago aliena, Spreng. Neue Entdeck. iii. p. 15; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 557. New Mexico; Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer) ; Souta Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 253), Orizaba (Botteri), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 668), near Guanajuato (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Souta AMERICA and West InpiEs, and very widely diffused in hot and temperate regions of the OLD Worip. Hb. Kew. 30. SCHAFFNERA. Schaffnera, Benth. in Hook. Ie. Pl. xiv. p. 59, t. 1878; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1124. A monotype. 1. Schaffnera gracilis, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xiv. p. 59, t. 1378. Nort Mexico, mountains of San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1070). Hb. Kew. Tribe VI. ANDROPOGONE A. Andropogonee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 1076 et 1081. This tribe is generally diffused in the tropics, and a few species extend into temperate regions. There are sixteen genera and about 320 species, 100 of which belong to Andropogon itself, as limited by Bentham and Hooker. GRAMINEA. 519 31. IMPERATA. Imperata, Cyr. Pl. Rar. Ic. ii. p. 26, t. 11, fide Parlat. Fl. Ital. i. p. 186; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1125. Syllepis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 52. Three or four species widely dispersed in the tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, and in the Old World extending into temperate regions in South Europe, China, and Japan. 1. Imperata brasiliensis, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. sér. 6, ii. p. 331, ex Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 251, t. 59. Imperata brasiliensis, var. mexicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 19). Syllepis ruprechtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 52. Imperata arundinacea, var. americana, Anderss. in CGifvers. af Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Foérh. 1855, p- 160, fide Fourn. SoutH Mexico, meadows around Zacuapan (Galeotti, 5678).—Southward to BrRaziu. Hb. Kew. This is hardly more than a variety of J. arundinacea, Cyr., which is very widely spread in the temperate and tropical regions of the Old World, including Australia. 2. Imperata caudata, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. sér. 6, ii. p. 331, ex Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 8, p. 251; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 561. Saccharum contractum et S. dubium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. pp. 182 et 183. Syllepis polystachya, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 52, excl. syn. Swartz. Sout Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 257).—South- ward to Braziu and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. It is singular that Fournier reduces, with the sign of certainty, Saccharum poly- stachyum, Swartz, to his genus Syllepis, founded on species of Lmperata, while Doll, Kunth, Grisebach, and others regard it undoubtingly as the same as Paspalum sac- charoides. 32. SACCHARUM. Saccharum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 73; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1125. A genus of about a dozen species, some of them very closely allied to each other, natives of tropical and subtropical regions in the Old World, one of which has long been cultivated in America; and one American species. 1. Saccharum cayennensis, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 66; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 8, p. 253. Eriochrysis cayennensis, Beauv. Agrostogy. p. 8, t. 4. fig. 11; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. Sp. i. p. 183; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 560; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 51. Sovran Muxtco, Orizaba (Botteri), Mexico? (Liebmann).—CoLomBIA and VENEZUELA to GUIANA and Brazizt, and in Trintpap. Hb. Kew. 520 GRAMINEZ. 2. Saccharum officinarum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 54; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 561; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 52. Naturalized i in various parts of Mexico and Central America. [Saccharum mexicanum, Brouss. in Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. p. 75, ex Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 476; Steud. Gram. p. 407, is a doubtful plant. ] 33. ERIANTHUS. Erianthus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. i. p. 54; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1126. About a dozen species inhabiting the warmer parts of both hemispheres, and extending to the south of Europe, China, Japan, and the Southern States of North America. 1. Erianthus saccharoides, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 55; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 257 (varietates plures). Andropogon alopecuroides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1045, excl. syn. Sloanei, ex Hack. Anthoxanthum giganteum, Walt. Fl. Carol. p. 65. Erianthus alopecuroides et E. contortus, Elliott, Sketch, pp. 38 et 40; Chapm. FI. Southern U. S.. p. 582. Erianthus brevibarbis, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 55. Saccharum giganieum, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 108. Andropogon erianthus, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 243. Spodiopogon foliatus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 52. Spodiopogon vaginatus, Fourn. 1. c. p. 53? Carotina to Froripa.—Sourn Mexico, Borrego, near Orizaba and Santa Fé, in the. valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 674, 2970), without locality (Karwinski)—Co.omsta to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 34. ELIONURUS. Elionurus, Humb. et Bonpl. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 941; Benth. et Hook. iii. p. 1129. Of this genus, again, there are about a dozen species, the greater part of which inhabit. Tropical America and Tropical and South Africa; one occurs in the Levant and one in Tropical Australia. 1. Elionurus ciliaris, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 193, t.63; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 480; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.,. Gram. p. 66. | Texas ; New Mexico.—Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1264; Schaffner; Bourgeau,,. 2844), Mirador, Vera Cruz (Linden, 277), Zacuspan &c., Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5696).— CoLOMBIA; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. Hackel (Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 806) regards the Brazilian grass that has been. referred to this as a distinct species—. candidus, Hack. Whether the specimens here referred to EL. ciliaris and E. tripsacoides, H. B. K., are really such, we are unable to decide; but we have partly followed Fournier and partly the named specimens in the Kew Herbarium. GRAMINEA. 521 2. Hlionurus tripsacoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 192, t. 62; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 480; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 40; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 67. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust); Soura Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe).—CotomBia ; VENEZUELA. 35. ROTTBOELLIA. Rottboellia, Linn. f. Nov. Gram. Gen. in Amoen. Acad. x. p. 22, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1129. About eighteen species widely spread in the warmer regions. 1. Rottboellia glabrata, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc, xix. p. 69. Apogonia glabrata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 63. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2757; Schaffner; Miller, 2088), Mirador and Cordova (Schaffner).—Martiniquz. Hb. Kew. 2. Rottboellia ramosa, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 69. Apogonia ramosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 63. Sourn Mexico, Rio Blanco (Bourgeau, 2647), Orizaba (Botteri), Mirador (Schaffner), Hb. Kew. Fournier also records this from the United States, and there are specimens in the Kew Herbarium of what may be the same species from Trinidad. [ Rottboellia stigmosa, Trinius ex Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 17), from Zacuapan and Mirador (Galeotti, 5801) is unknown to us. | 36. MANISURIS. Manisuris, Linn. Mant. p. 164. n. 1884; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1180. A monotypic genus. 1. Manisuris granularis, Swartz, Prodr. p. 25; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 330, t.46; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 557; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 67. SouTH-EASTERN NortH America, Mexico, and Cenrran AMsRIcA, and very widely diffused in the WARMER REGIONS of both hemispheres, though it appears to be rare in Australia, being only recorded from two or three localities in Queensland and North Australia. 37. HEMARTHRIA. Hemarthria, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 207; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1181. Bentham and Hooker say there are scarcely three distinct species, which are widely spread in the warmer parts of the Old World, especially in maritime districts, extending to the Mediterranean region; rarer in America. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 34 522 _° GRAMINEZ, 1. Hemarthria fasciculata, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 153; Hack. in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 8, p. 314, t. 72. fig. 2; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 67. Sours Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin), Orizaba (Bottert; Schaffner) —Braziu. Also a native of Arrica, South Europe, and some parts of Asta, and very closely allied to the Australian Hemarthria compressa, R. Br. We have seen no Mexican specimens. 38. ISCHAMUM. Ischemum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1148; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 11382. A genus of about thirty species very widely diffused in the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 1. Ischemum: latifolium, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 371, t. 99; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. i. 8, p. 261; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 55. Andropogon latifolius, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 286; Steud. Gram. p. 382. Spodiopogon latifolius, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 360. Ischemopogon latifolius, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 560. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3136; Botteri), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5861), Misantla (Schiede & Deppe), Cordova (Bourgeau, 2203); Nicaragua, Greytown (Tate, 555).— Ecuapor; Peru; Brazit, and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 39. TRACHYPOGON. Trachypogon, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 341, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1183. Concerning this genus, Bentham and Hooker observe :—“Species 11 enumerat Andersson in Cifvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Stockh. 1857, p. 46, quarum una Africe australis, ceeteree Americe tropice et subtropice a Brasilia usque ad Mexicum incole; plures tamen vix inter se distinguende et a Hackelio (in litt.) omnes in unam junguntur.” Subsequently Hackel (in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 263) actually united all the Brazilian forms at least under the name of Trachypogon polymorphus, distinguishing, however, five primary and numerous secondary varieties. In this sense the species includes T. canescens, Nees, T. montufari, Nees, T. dactyloides, Fourn., and T. angustifolius, Fourn., and probably also 7. miilleri, Fourn., T. gouini, Fourn., and T. dissolutus, Nees, though these names are not actually cited as synonyms. We have not critically examined the specimens, but all the Mexican and Central American that we have seen may well belong to one species; indeed they present no obvious distinctions. Nevertheless, as we have not seen Fournier’s types, and as his names are already published, we prefer following him in this place. 1. Trachypogon angustifolius, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. Andropogon angustifolius, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 184; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p, 4. Trachypogon polmorphus, var. 8. montufari, subvar. 4, Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 2, p. 265. SoutH Mzxico, Santa Rosa et Los Joares at 8040 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). GRAMINEZ. 523 2. Trachypogon canescens, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 343; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. Trachypogon montufari, var. hirsutus, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18), non Nees ex Fourn. Andropogon canescens, Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 487. Trachypogon polymorphus, var. a. canescens, Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 263. South Mexico, on rocks near Juquila in the cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5732) ; Nicaragua (Lévy).—BRazit. 8. Trachypogon dactyloides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. Andropogon dactyloides, Steud. Gram. p. 381. Andropogon digitatus, Hochst. in Hostm. et Kappler, Pl. Surin. n. 1028. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda del Sefior Posado, near Orizaba (Schaffner).—SuRINAM. 4. Trachypogon dissolutus, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 695; Walp. Ann. vi. p. 1070; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. Andropogon dissolutus, Steud. Gram. p. 381. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2085; Schaffner), without locality (Aschenborn). 5. Trachypogon gouini, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gown). 6. Trachypogon montufari, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 342; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 65; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 173; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 224. Andropogon montufari, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 184; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 486. Heteropogon secundus (non Willd.) et H. stipoides, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 335. Andropogon secundus et A. stipoides, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 487. Trachypogon preslei, Anderss. Walp. Ann. vi. p. 1069. Trachypogon polymorphus, var. 8. montufari, Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 264. Texas; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 964; Schaffner, 1063) ; Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3133, 3358), near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe); Panama, Nata (Seemann, 133).—ConomBia; Ecuapor; BrRazIL, southward to Urueuay. Hb. Kew. Var. 8. mollis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 65. Trachypogon mollis, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 343 (species). Andropogon mollis, Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. p. 561, t. 195. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust). Var. y. pilosus, Fourn. 1. c. p. 66. SoutH Mexico (Botteri, 1260). 7. Trachypogon mulleri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 66. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miiller, 2085). 34 2 524 GRAMINEA. All that Fournier says concerning this is :—“ Differt a 7. montufari ligula longiore 3" longa, arista validiore torta bis geniculata.” 40. HETEROPOGON. Heteropogon, Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. p. 533; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1183. About half a dozen species in the warmer regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia; two of the Old-World species recurring in America. 1. Heteropogon acuminatus, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Sc. St. Pétersb. sér. 6, ii. 1833, p. 254, ex Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 268. Heteropogon scrobiculatus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 64. Andropogon melanocarpus, Elliott, Sketch, i. p. 146; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. S. p. 582. Cymbopogon melanocarpus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 289. Trachypogon scrobiculatus, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 347. Andropogon scrobiculatus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 507; Steud. Gram. p. 381. Fiorma; Groreia.—Sovuta Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2086; Schaffner).—CoLomBla to Perv and BRaziL. This species is also recorded from the East Indies. 2. Heteropogon contortus, Rem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 836; Nees in Linnea, vii. p. 284, et xix. p. 695; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 334; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 64; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 267. Andropogon contortus, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1480; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 486; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Andropogon allionii, DC. Fl. Frane. iii. p. 97; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 185. Heteropogon hirtus et H. glaber, Pers. Syn. Pl. 11. p. 533. This species covers nearly the whole area of the genus, and is apparently common in Mexico and Centrat America. It is found in the Southern States of North America, as well as the West Indies and South America. Hb. Kew. 3. Heteropogon firmus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 334; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 65. Andropogon firmus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 486. Mexico (Henke). This is probably nothing more than H. contortus. 41, ANDROPOGON. Andropogon, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 1145; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1138. Bentham and Hooker estimate the number of distinct species of this genus at barely 100, though many more forms have been described as species. They are generally diffused in the warmer regions, and a few reach the south of Europe, temperate Eastern Asia, and North America. Fournier has described a considerable number of proposed new Mexican species, of which we have seen no authentic specimens, therefore they are here retained on his sole authority. GRAMINEA, 525 1. Andropogon: albescens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56. “ Differt ab Andropogone avenaceo villis pedicelli longis argenteis. Ceterum flores conferti.” _ Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). This is apparently a mere form of Chrysopogon avenaceus. 2. Andropogon attenuatus, Bertol. Misc. Bot. xx. p. 10, t. 2. ' GuaTEMALa (Velasquez). 3. Andropogon apricus, Trin. Suppl. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. 1836, p. 83, ex Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 802. Diectomis laxa, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 340. Diectomis angustatus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 333 ; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 511. Andropogon angustatus, Steud. Gram. p. 370. Mexico (Henke; Liebmann).—-CotomB1a; VENEZUELA; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 4. Andropogon argenteus, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 77, non Kunth, nec Elliott, nec Curtis, nec Em. Desv. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 58. Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). Fournier fully describes the North-Mexican form, which he regards as identical with DeCandolle’s original argenteus, and as constituting a species distinct from that ordinarily accepted as A. argenteus, and he also points out the distinguishing charac- teristics of the forms named argenteus by Kunth, Desveaux, and others. On the other hand, Hackel (Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 292) treats the argenteus of all the authors named, including Fournier, as one of the numerous varieties of the A. saccharoides, Swartz. 5. Andropogon bicornis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1046; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 494; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60; Hack. in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 283. Anatherum bicorne, Beauv. Agrostogr. pp. 128 et 150, t. 22. fig. 11; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 559. — Sour Mexico, Jocotepec (Hartweg, 521), Amatlan in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2224), Orizaba (Botteri); Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Salvin & Godman); Nicaraava, Greytown (Tate, 84); Panama, summit of the Panama railroad (S. Hayes, 105).— ~-CotomBia to Perv, Guiana, and Brazin, and in the Wrst InpiEs. Hb. Kew. 6. Andropogon bourgi, Hack. in Flora, 1885, p. 134. Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2645; Miller, 1393), Mirador (Iiebmann, 505 Sartorius). We have seen none of the numbers cited by Hackel. 7. Andropogon bracteatus, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. - Sp, Pl, iv. p. 914; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3. p. 279, t. 64. Anthistiria reflexa et A. foliosa, H. B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 191; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 40. Cymbopogon humboldti, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 289. 526 GRAMINEZ, Cymbopogon reflecus et C. foliosus, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. li. pp. 834, 835. Anthistiria humboldtii, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 369, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 224. Hyparrhenia foliosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 67. Sourn Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), region of Orizaba (Bour- geau, 3270); Panama (Seemann, 1562).—Coomsia to Peru; Braz. Hb. Kew. 8. Andropogon brevifolius, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p, 209; Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. p. 563, t. 196, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 488; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 558; Hack. in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 302. Andropogon obtusifolius, Poir. Encycl., Suppl. i. p. 583. Andropogon tenellus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 335. Andropogon debilis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 488; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61. Andropogon floridus, Trin. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. 1833, p. 265 ; Steud. Gram. p. 366. Schizachyrium brevifolium, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 332. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2004, 2075; Schaffner), Oaxaca (Liebmann).— CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA; Braziu; West Inpres; Tropica, ArricaA; TRopicaL Asia. Hb. Kew. 9, Andropogon cirratus, Hack. in Flora, 1885, p. 119. Texas: New Mexico.—Norrn Mexico, Silver City, southern New Mexico (Greene). 10. Andropogon condensatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 188; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39; Rupr.in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 296; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W.— Ind. p. 558. Schizachyrium condensatum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 333. Cymbopogon condensatus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1. p. 289. Andropogon scoparius, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 338, ex Fourn. et Hack. Andropogon densus, Desv. in Ham. Prodr. p. 8, ex Fourn. Andropogon paniculatus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 494; Steud. Gram. p. 391. Andropogon lhotzkyi, Steud. Gram. p. 884; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61, ex Hackel. Sout Muxico, Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Mirador, Zacuapan (Galeotti, 5711), near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2646); Guaremata, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin, 334) ; Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1563).—CotomB14 to Peru, Guiana, and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 11. Andropogon diatlierus, Steud. Gram. p. 378; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 57. Souta Mexico, Oaxaca (ex Steude/). Fournier did not find this in the Steudel Herbarium. 12. Andropogon elythrophyllus, Steud. Gram. p. 378 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 57. _ a. Soura Mexico, ‘between Horcanila and Mount Bernal” (Karwinski). GRAMINEZ. 527 Fournier expresses a doubt whether Karwinski’s plant is really of the species described by Steudel. 13. Andropogon emersus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 58. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2033). 14, Andropogon feensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 62, cum var. B. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Weber ; Miiller, 2088 ; Schaffner), Santa Fé, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeaw, 752). Hb. Kew. 15. Andropogon galeottii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56. Andropogon stipoides, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 19), ex Fournier. South Mexico, Mirador and Zacuapan (Galeotti, 5685, 5698), Zoquitlan (Bourgeau, 3269). This is probably Chrysopogon, as that genus is limited in Bentham and Hooker’s * Genera Plantarum.’ 16. Andropogon glaucescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 186; Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 327; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 288; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60. South Muxtco, Mirador (Schaffner), Orizaba (Miller, 1393, in part), Rio Blanco, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2645), Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Cordova (Schaffner).—Ecuavor, and Brazit to Urvevay. Hb. Kew. 17. Andropogon hirsutus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p.186; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 497; Steud. Gram. p. 378; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 57. Sours Mexico, Valladolid (Humboldt & Bonpland). 18. Andropogon hirtifolius, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 328; Kunth, Enum. Pl. Lp. 497. Mexico (Henke). 19. Andropogon laguroides, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 78; Lagasca, Nov. Gen. et Sp. p. 3; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 500, et Suppl. p. 411; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 58. _ Trachypogon laguroides, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 349. Andropogon species, Andr. argenteo subsimilis, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 40. Andropogon saccharoides, Swartz, var. 8. laguroides, Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 298. SoutH Mexico, Macultepec (Schiede & Deppe), Borrego, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2969), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Regla at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 5816). Hb. Kew. The range of this species, as limited by Fournier, we are unable to define; but A. saccharoides, Swartz, as extended by Hackel is spread all over the warmer parts of _ America, from the South-eastern States of North America southward to the Argentine 528 GRAMINEZ. Republic. In North America it is found as far westward as Arizona, but it is not known from California ; and it is noteworthy that Watson (‘Botany of California’) records only one member of the Andropogonex, namely Ischemum leersioides, Munro, a native of Southern China, and “evidently introduced in California.” See A. argenteus. 20. Andropogon leucopogon, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 694; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 58, varietates « et B. Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sovura Mexico, without. locality (Aschenborn), Tampico (herb. Uzac), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2374 bis). 21. Andropogon liebmanni, Hack. in Flora, 1885, p. 132. SourH Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2376; Miller, 2034). Hb. Kew. ° | Fournier (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60) refers Bourgeau’s number 2376 to Andro- pogon macrothriz, Trin. 22. Andropogon lolioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p-. 62. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust). 23. Andropogon macrothrix, Trin. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. sér. 6, ii. 1833, p- 270; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner), Izhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2376).—Brazit. Hackel (in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 287) treats A. macrothrix, Trin., as a subspecies of A. ternatus, Nees, and Bourgeau’s number 2376 he refers to his newly-founded A. liebmannit. Possibly two species were distributed under the number in question. 24, Andropogon macrourus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 56; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 582; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 60. Anatherum macrurum, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 559. New York to Fioripa and Texas.—Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2374, in part ; Bottert ; Schaffner), Cordova (Bourgeau, 1660 bis), Vera Cruz (Gouin).—West INDIES. Hb. Kew. 25. Andropogon malacostachyus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 337; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 62. Sourd Mexico, Acapulco (Henke), Orizaba (Schaffner), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Jorullo (Bonpland). 26. Andropogon myosurus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 337; Kunth, Revis. Gram. t. 199; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 300; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 62. Schizachyrium myosurus, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 695. Andropogon hirtiflorus, Kunth, Revis. Gram. p. 569, t. 198. Schizachyrium hirtifiorum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 334. Sourh Mexico (Aschenborn; Liebmann).—Ecuapor; Perv; Boutvia; Brazip : PARAGUAY. GRAMINEA. 529 27. Andropogon perforatus, Trin. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 59. SoutH Mexico, near Guadalupe (Schaffner), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2374 in part), between Victoria and Rio Blanco (Karwinskt). 28. Andropogon pubiflorus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 57. South Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner ; Miller, 2059). 29, Andropogon rectirhachis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61. South Mexico, Mirador (Schaffner), Orizaba (Weber; Schaffner; Miller, 2032; Bourgeau, 2646 bis). Hb. Kew. 30. Andropogon ruprechtii, Hack. in Flora, 1885, p. 126. Hyparrhenia ruprechtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 67. Andropogon anthistirioides, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 19), non Hochst. South Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz, savannas at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5697). Hb. Kew. Munro identified this with a West-African species to which he gave a manuscript name in the Kew Herbarium. 31. Andropogon schaffneri, Griseb. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 57. South Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner). 32. Andropogon schlumbergerii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 59. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri ; Thomas; Miiller, 2016). 33. Andropogon scoparius, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 57, non Presl ex Fourn. ; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 581; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61; Hack. in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 298 in nota. _ Easrery Nogru America.—Mexico, without locality (Karwinski). 34, Andropogon tener, Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. p. 565, t. 197, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 489, Suppl. p. 400; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 301; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 63, cum var. 3. Schizachyrium tenerum, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 336. Andropogon gracilis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 336. Andropogon presiti, Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 489. Andropogon leptophylius, Trin. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. sér. 6. ii. p. 264; Steud. Gram. . p. 365. SoUTH-EasTERN Srates.—SoutH Muxx10o, without locality (Schéede), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2842, 3134).—Southward to Uruavay. Hb. Kew. 35. Andropogon tenuirachis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 58 cum var. . Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sourn Muxico, San Angel (Bourgeau, 233), Orizaba (Weber), Tampico (herb. Uzac). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 3y 530 GRAMINEA. 86. Andropogon velatus, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p.488; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61. Andropogon vaginatus, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 336, non Elliott ex Fourn. Mexico (Henke). 37. Andropogon virginicus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.1, p.1046; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 495; Hack. in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 285; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. Anatherum virginicum, Spreng. Pug. ii. p. 16, ex Hackel. Anatherum domingense, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 809; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 559. Andropogon domingensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 61. MassacHUSETTS southward.—SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 1393).— West Inp1Es to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 42. CHRYSOPOGON. Chrysopogon, Trin. Fundam. Agrostogr. p. 187; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1135. A genus of about twenty species spread over the warmer regions of both hemispheres and extending to Southern Europe and North America. Hackel includes this in| Sorghum, and treats most of the forms enumerated below as varieties of one species. ‘We follow Fournier mainly because we find it impossible, in the absence of authenticated specimens, to harmonize the synonymy of the two authors. Bentham appears to have regarded C. avenaceus, C. stipoides, C. nutans, and C. minarum as distinct species. 1. Chrysopogon avenaceus, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 73; Vasey, Grasses of U.S. p. 20. Andropogon avenaceus, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 58; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 503; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56. Sorghum avenaceum, Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 583. Andropogon ciliatus, Elliott, Sketch, i. p. 144. Andropogon stipoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 189; Kunth, Synopsis, i. p. 243, non Enum. Pl. i. p. 487. Sorghum nutans, A. Gr., subspecies a. avenaceum, Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 8, p. 274. Andropogon humboldtianus, Steud. Gram. p. 892. Andropogon albescens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56? Carouina to Fiorrpa and Trxas.—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust). —CoLoMBIA. to BRAZIL. 2. Chrysopogon francavillanus, Hemsl. Andropogon francavillanus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56. Andropogon stipoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39, non H. B. K. nec Kunth ex Fourn. Andropogon condensatus, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 18), non H. B. K. South Mexico, without locality (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Botteri, 140; Miller, 2002), San Juan del Rio (Bourgeau, 2871), Mirador (Galeotti, 5711). Hb. Kew. The Brazilian specimens referred to this by Fournier are said by Hackel to belong to GRAMINEA. 531 C. nutans. Chrysopogon stipoides, Trin. (Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. 1836, p. 93), Hackel identifies with Andropogon minarum, Kunth (Chrysopogon, Benth.), an apparently endemic Brazilian species. 3. Chrysopogon nutans, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 73. Andropogon nutans, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 1045; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 56. Sorghum nutans, A. Gr. Manual Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 2, p. 284; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 276 (subsp. linneanum). Andropogon incompletus, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 342; Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 178. Sorghum secundum, Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 583, ex Fournier. _ Fioripa; Grorera; Texas.—Norti Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; Sours Mexico, Escamela (Bourgeaw, 3359), Orizaba (Schaffner), Mirador (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. | [Sorghum vulgare, Pers., and S. halepense, Pers., are cultivated and more or less | naturalized in the warmer parts of America, including Mexico. | Series B. POACEAL. Poacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1076. Distinguished generally from the Panicacee by the pedicel being continuous (not articulated) below the empty glumes, the spikelet being instead usually articulated just within the empty glumes. Tribe VII. PHALARIDEA. Phalaridee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1083. Bentham divides this tribe into two groups, the Genuine and the Pseudoryzew. The former consist of the southern genera Khrharta, Microlena, and Tetrarhena, and the more familiar Phalaris, Anthoxanthum, and Hierochloe—comprising together between fifty and sixty species. The Pseudoryzee consist of the two monotypic Mediterranean genera Crypsis and Cornucopie, and Alopecurus, of which there are about twenty species, indigenous in Europe and temperate Asia. 43, PHALARIS. Phalaris, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 42; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ui. p. 1138. There are about ten species, inhabiting the Mediterranean region, from the Canary Islands to Afghanistan and extratropical North and South America; and two of the European species are now widely colonized, including P. minor, Retz., in Mexico. This is very near the common North- and South-American P. intermedia, Bosc. 1. Phalaris arundinacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 55; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 265; A. Gr. Manual Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 643. Phalaris americana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 70, non Elliott. Canapa and NoRTH-EASTERN Staves to CaLirornia, but apparently not in the South- 3y 2 §32 GRAMINEZ. eastern States.—SoutH Mexico, along the canal near Santa Anita, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 531).—Evrorg and Temperate Asia. Hb. Kew. Fournier refers Bourgeau’s number 531 to Phalaris americana, Elliott, which is a synonym of the very different P. intermedia, Bosc. The error seems to have arisen from the fact of Elliott having cited the P. arundinacea of Michaux’s ‘ Flora Boreali- Americana’ (i. p. 43) as a synonym of the weak annual grass he described and named P. americana. 44, HIEROCHLOE. Hierochloe, Gmel. Fi. Sibir. i. p. 100; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1139. About eight species inhabiting the mountainous and frigid regions of the northern hemisphere, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and extratropical South America. 1. Hierochloe mexicana, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p- 77, et in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1139. Ataxia mexicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7), nomen tantum; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 71, descriptio. Sout Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5756). Hb. Kew. Tribe VIII. AGROSTIDEA. Agrostidee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1084. Thirty-eight genera are included in this tribe; sixteen of them are monotypic, yet the tribe is very rich in species, which are spread over the whole area of the order. Thus Aristida, Stipa, Sporobolus, Agrostis, and Deyeuxia average one hundred species each. 45, ARISTIDA. Aristida, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 94; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1140. Species numerous, probably exceeding one hundred, and very widely dispersed in the warmer regions of both hemispheres; rare in Europe and Extratropical Asia; several in North America north of Mexico. 1. Aristida barbata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. Sour Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). 2. Aristida capillacea, Lam. Ill. i. p.156; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 224; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram. Stip. p. 110; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p.21; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77, Chetaria capillacea, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 158. Chetaria capillaris, Nees, Agrostol. p. 388, excl. syn. Cav., et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 225. Mexico (Karwinski ex Trin. et Rupr.); Panama (Henke), Santiago, Veraguas (Seemann, 134).—Cotomsia to Peru, Guiana, and Brazit. Hb. Kew. [Aristida chapadensis, Trin., A. wmplexa, Trin., and A. riparia, Trin., Brazilian species, are recorded from Mexico, doubtless erroneously, by Steudel, Gram. p. 136.] GRAMINEZ. 533 3. Aristida curvifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; Sourn Mexico (Karwinski). 4. Aristida flexuosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. Sour Mexico, Santa Fé near Mexico (Bourgeau, 677 pro parte). Hb. Kew. There are three species intermixed under Bourgeau’s 677 in the Kew set. 5. Aristida geminiflora, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. Souta Mxxico, Mirador, Vera Cruz (Schaffner). 6. Aristida glauca, Steud. Gram. p. 135. Chetaria glauca, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 688. Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn). 7. Aristida grisebachiana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78, cum var. B. -decolorata. South Mexico, Mirador and Chapultepec (Schaffner), Ejutla and Ocotlan (Lied- mann). 8. Aristida humboldtiana, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 118; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. Andropogon divaricatus, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. pp. 99 et 100 nomen (“sed vix descriptio, que potius ad A. jacguinianam, Willd. hb. no. 1802, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 123,” Fournier). Soutn Mexico, between Salamanca and Guanajuato at 6000 feet (Humboldt & Bon- -pland), Toluca (Berlandier), Mirador (Schaffner), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 677 pro parte), Tacubaya (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. Schaffner’s 1057, from San Luis Potosi, referred by S. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p- 174) to A. divaricata, Humb. et Bonpl., is altogether different from the plant referred hither by Fournier, but we are unable to decide who is: right. Aristida divaricata, Lagasca, Gen. et Sp. Nov. p. 3, Nova Hispania, Sessé, is a doubtful unrecognized species. Aristida jacquiniana, Tausch. (vide Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram. Stip. p. 119), syn. Aristida divaricata, Jacq. Eclog. Gram. p. 7, t. 6, was founded on a cultivated plant of uncertain origin. Cheturus divaricatus, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 1813, p. 19, is probably the same thing, and this was also cultivated under the names Agrostis divaricata and Muehlen- bergia divaricata. 9. Aristida interrupta, Cav. Ic. v. p. 45, t. 471. fig. 2; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 180; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 79. ‘Chetaria interrupta, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 30. South Mexico, near Chalma (ex Cavanilles), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3357; Thomas; Botteri). Hb. Kew. Fournier’s identification, which we have accepted, was made from the description of ‘Trinius and Ruprecht. §34 GRAMINEZ. 10. Aristida jorullensis, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 62, et Enum. Pl.i. p. 194. Streptachne pilosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 124; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 225. Ortachne pilosa, Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 225. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sours Mexico, near Jorullo at 2400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Mirador (Schaffner), without locality (Liebmann) ; Nicaragua (Lévy, 351) ; Panama, Santiago, Veraguas (Seemann, 126). Hb. Kew. 11. Aristida karwinskiana, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 121; Fourn. ex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. Mexico (Karwinski). 12. Aristida liebmannii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). 13. Aristida longiramea, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 224; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 121; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 79. Chetaria glauca, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 688 ?, ex Fourn. Aristida glauca, Steud. Gram. p. 135. Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn). 14. Aristida muehlenbergioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 79. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust); Sour Mxxico, Cafion de las Minas . (Karwinski). 15. Aristida nigrescens, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 223; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 79. Andropogon dispersa, e. nigrescens, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 180. Mexico (Henke). 16. Aristida orizabensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. SourH Mexico, valley of Orizaba (Schaffner ; Miller, 2103). Hb. Kew. 17. Aristida purpurea, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. v. (1837), ex Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 107 (G. derlandieri) ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 79. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Berlandier, 1837). 18. Aristida scabra, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 62, et Enum. PL. i. p. 193. Muhlenbergia scabra, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 183. Streptachne scabra, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 124, t. 40. Ortachne scabra, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 80. SoutH Mexico, near Toluca at 8040 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Ejutla (Liebmann), Acapulco (Thiebaut), Orizaba (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gouin). 19. Aristida schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sout Mexico, without locality (Liebmann), Mirador and Orizaba (Schaffner). GRAMINEA. 535 20. Aristida schiedeana, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p.120; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. Podosemum stipoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 36, non H. B. K. ex Fourn. Souta Mexico, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 677 in part), Consoquitla (Liebmann). 21. Aristida setifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 122; Hack. in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 22, cum var. 8. grandiflora. Aristida bromoides, H. B. K. loc. cit.; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p- 174. Aristida coarctata, H. B. K. loe. cit. ; ’ Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 79. Chetaria setifolia, C. bromoides, et C. coarctata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 396. ' Nort Mexico, Parras and Saltillo (Palmer, 1351, 1352), San Luis Potosi (Schaff- ner); Souta Mexico, Barras and Guanajuato at 6350 feet (Humboldt & Bompland).— Brazit. Hb. Kew. 22. Aristida spadicea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 123; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 189, non Trin. in Mém. Acad. Sc. St. Petérsb. 1836, p. 48, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 77. _ Aristida divaricata, Lagasca, Elench. p. 8, ex Fourn. SoutH Mexico, between Guanajuato and Mina de Belgrado, at 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Ortoco. 23. Aristida stricta, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 41; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 187; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. S. p. 555. Chetaria stricta, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 30. VirGinia to Fioripa and Texas.—Muxico (ex Kunth).—Cusa. 24. Aristida tenuis, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p- 62, et Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 193. Muehlenbergia tenuis, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 183. Streptachne tenuis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 124; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 226. Ortachne tenuis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 80. South Mexico, between Victoria and Rio Blanco, and at Hacienda del Limon (Karwinski), barranca near Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 1295), Orizaba (Botteri), Vera Cruz (Gouin). 25. Aristida ternipes, Cav. Ic. Pl. v. p. 46; Steud. Gram. p. 136. Panama (NVée). 26. Aristida virleti, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 76. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust) ; Soura Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2140), Laguna, Talea (Liebmann). 536 GRAMINEA. 46. STIPA. Stipa, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 90; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. p. 1141. About 100 species very widely dispersed in the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres. 1. Stipa avenacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 78; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 181; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 617; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. . New Enauand to Wisconsin, and southward to FLoripa and Texas, and ARIzoNA.— Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1055 ; Parry & Palmer, 929). Hb. Kew. We have accepted Watson’s determination of the North-Mexican specimens indicated. above, as Stipa avenacea is an exceedingly common species in the eastern States. He also refers Bourgeau’s South-Mexican 669 to this species, while Fournier cites the same number under S. eminens ; possibly two species were distributed under this number. ‘2. Stipa caerulea, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 227; Steud. Gram. p. 125. Mexico (Henke). Not seen by Fournier. 3. Stipa chapulcensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 74. SoutH Mexico, Chapulco (Liebmann). 4. Stipa cirrosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 75. MExico, without locality (Karwinski). 5. Stipa coleotricha, Steud. Gram. p. 125. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti). This is one of the species not found by Fournier in the Steudel Herbarium. 6. Stipa editorum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 75. Sour Mexico, in the elevated valley between “La Noria del Viejo and la Miqui- guana” (Karwinski). 7. Stipa eminens, Cav. Ic. v. p. 42. t. 467, fig. 1; Thurber in 8. Wats. Fl. Calif. ii. p. 286; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 75. Catirornia.—Souta Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner), Zacoalco near Guadalupe (Bour- geau, 699). Hb. Kew. Fournier also records this species from Quito and Montevideo, but D6ll, (in Mart. Fl. Bras. li. 3, p. 8) follows Trinius and Ruprecht in retaining the South-American plant. as a distinct species—S. neesiana. 8. Stipa erecta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 78. Soutn Mexico, Tehuacan (Liebmann). GRAMINEA. 537 9. Stipa grisebachii, Fourn. Mex. PL Enum., Gram. p. 74. SoutH Mexico, in the valley of Mexico (Schaffner), hills near Santa Fé, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 677). 10. Stipa jarava, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 19, t. 6. fig. 3; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 42; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 76. Jarava ichu, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. Fl. Peruv. p. 2, t. 1. Stipa eriostachya, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 127, t. 41. Stipa ichu, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p- 60. Stipa pungens, Nees et Meyen in Mey. Itin. i. p. 484. Stipa gynerioides, Phil. in Anal. Univ. Chile, 1870, p. 108, ex Fournier. - Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sours Mexico, near Moran at 7800 to 8400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Cordova and Orizaba (Schaffner), Monte- zuma near Cuantepec (Bowrgeau, 1156), Chinantla and Orizaba at 8000 feet (Lieb- mann).—Fcuabor ; Perv; Tucumay. Hb. Kew. 11. Stipa leucotricha, Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 54; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 73. Trxas.—Sourn Mexico, Pedregal, near Tizapan, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, without number). 12. Stipa liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 76. South Mexico, in the elevated plain of Cerro Leon, near Perote (Liebmann). 13. Stipa linearifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 73. SourH Mxxico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner). 14. Stipa mucronata, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 125; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 181; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 74. Sourn Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner), in mountains near Actopan and Magda- lena at 6250 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 15. Stipa subulata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 75. Sout Mexico, Tanque Colorado (Karwinski). 16. Stipa trochlearis, Nees et Meyen in Mey. Itin. i. p. 484; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 80; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 73. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); SourH Mexico, Zacoalco, near Guadalupe, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 538).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 17. Stipa virescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 126; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 182; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 74, cum var. #. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sourn Mexico, near Santa Rosa, Cuesta del Belgrado and Guanajuato at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Chinantla. and Cumbre de Estepec (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 32 538 GRAMINEA. 18. Stipa viridula, Trin. Act. Petrop. 1836, p. 39, ex Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 57; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. OREGON southward to Catirornia.—Norta Mexico, Lerios, Coahuila (Palmer, 1349). Hb. Kew. 19. Stipa virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 75. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 47. ORYZOPSIS. . Oryzopsis, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 51, t. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1142. A genus of about twenty-four species, inhabiting the temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere and extratropical South America. 1. Oryzopsis fimbriata, Hemsl. Stipa fimbriata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et. Sp. i. p. 126; Kunth, Revis. Gram. 1. p. 263,t. 43; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p.5; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 74, cum var. £. Milium mexicanum, Spreng.; Trin. et Rupr. Sp. Gram., Stip. p. 34. Souta Mexico, barranca near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 676), near Toluca (Heller), Mirador (Schaffner ; Iiebmann), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1650), between Guanajuato and Burras (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. In Bentham and Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum,’ Kunth’s t. 43 is cited under Stipa, while the plant itself was sorted into Oryzopsis, where it is better placed than in the former genus. The next species is very closely allied to this, but it has a glabrous, almost crustaceous flowering-glume. Fournier refers Coulter’s 1654 to Stipa jimbriata, but it has not the broad, short florets, and is apparently specifically different. 2. Oryzopsis fournieriana, Hemsl. Stipa brevicalyx, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 150. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 959). Hb. Kew. 48. MUEHLENBERGIA. Muehlenbergia, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 44; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1148. Nearly sixty species are known, the greater part of them inhabiting North and Andine America, a few Central and Eastern Asia. 1. Muehlenbergia acutifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3327). Hb. Kew. 2. Muehlenbergia affinis, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 55; Steud. Gram. p. 179; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. Muehlenbergia irichopodes, Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 553, ex Fourn. Carotina to Froripa.—Sovrn Mexico, Toluca (Berlandier), Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 753 in part), Orizaba (Botteri). Hb. Kew. GRAMINE. 539 3, Muehlenbergia anomala, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. Mexico, without locality (Liebmann). 4. Muehlenbergia berlandieri, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p- 53; Steud. Gram. p. 179; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 83. Sourn Mexico, mountains around Mexico (Berlandier), Teotihuacan (Hahn). S. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174) doubtingly refers to this species Wright’s 1992 and Schaffner’s 1057, from San Luis Potosi. 5. Muehlenbergia botteri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 85. «+ Souru Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 87; Miiller, 2006), without locality (Karwinskt). 6. Muehlenbergia bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86. SourH Mexico, Desierto Viejo, valley of Mexico and Montezuma near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 455, 1309), Guazimalpan (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 7. Muehlenbergia breviseta, Griseb. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 83. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 1453, 2003, 2093). Fournier suggests that the doubtful Podosemum glaucum, Nees (Linnea, xix. p. 689), is of this affinity. 8. Muehlenbergia calamagrostidea, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 63, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 199; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 84; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. Calamagrostis quitensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 183. Calamagrostis mexicana, Kunth, Synopsis Pl. Aiquin. Orb. Nov. iv. p. 473. Arundo quitensis, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 509. Muehlenbergia longiseta, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28 (cfr. ibid. p. 347). Nortu Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1348), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner), region of San Luis-Potosi 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 930); Soura Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 248), Vera Cruz (Gouin), Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1655), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 218, 909), Cuernavaca (Schaffner), near Zopilote, Mescala, and Sochipala at 1600 to 3100 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 9. Muehlenbergia ciliata, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193; Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 199; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 83. Podosemum ciliatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 128. Trichochloa ciliata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 386. Polypogon cihatus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 248. Sout Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo 2940 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), San Nicolas, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 1034), Orizaba (Miller, 2074, 2105), Escamela (Bourgeau, 3171); Guatemaa, Duefias (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 10. Muehlenbergia clomena, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 194; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 322 540 GRAMINEA, 1. p. 203; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. Clomena peruviana, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 28, t. 7. fig. 10. Muehlenbergia pusilla, Steud. Gram. p. 177. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1069) ; Sour Mexico, Toluca (Berlandier, 1141).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 11. Muehlenbergia debilis, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193, et Agrostidea, ii. p. 49; Steud. Gram. p. 179. Podosemum debile, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 128, et vii. t. 681. Podosemum setosum, H. B. K. loc. cit. p. 129. Muehlenbergia setosa, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 198; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86, cum var. B. Muehlenbergia microsperma, Trin. ibid.; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 85. Trichochloa debilis et T. setosa, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. pp. 385 et 386. Trichochloa microsperma, DC. Cat. Monsp. p. 151. Agrostis debilis et A. setosa, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 262. Agrostis microsperma, Lagasca, Elench. p. 2. Soura Mexico, near Tula, at 6600 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Schaffner), Ocotlan and San Lorenzo (Liebmann). We have followed Trinius in the synonymy of this species, although Fournier treats M. setosa and M. microsperma as distinct from M. debilis. 12. Muehlenbergia distichophylla, Kunth, Enum. PL i. P- 202; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 81. Podosemum distichophyllum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 231. Souta Mexico, Dolores, Talea, Micoatlan, and San Andres (Liebmann).—CotomBia. Hb. Kew. Vasey (‘ The Grasses of the United States,’ p. 23) records this from New Mexico and Arizona. 13. Muehlenbergia dubia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. South Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann). Fournier gives only the following brief description :—“ Vix nota, e culmo tantum foliis orbato. Affinis M. mucronate. Panicula angusta, 5-pollicaris ; glume hyaline eequales obtuse dimidiam spiculam equantes, palea inferiore brevissime mucronata.” 14. Muehlenbergia erecta, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 231, non Schreb. Mexico (Henke). 15. Muehlenbergia exilis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 84. Muehlenbergia tenella, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 4), non Trin. ex Fourn, SoutH Mxxico, Jalapa 3000 feet, and Mirador 6500 feet (Galeotti, 5691), Orizaba {Botteri, 1207), Consoquitla (Liebmann), barranca near Cuernavaca and Cordova (Bourgeau, 1298, 1665). Hb. Kew. GRAMINE. 541 16. Muehlenbergia expansa, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p.53; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. Cinna arachnoidea, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 67, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 207. Vilfa arachnoidea, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 147. MExIco, in the Sierra Madre, between Tanque Colorado and La Michiguana and Cafion de la Minas (Karwinski). 17. Muehlenbergia glabrata, Trin. Gram. Unifl. 194; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. Podosemum glabratum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 180. SoutH Mexico, Santa Rosa de la Sierra and Cafiada de Acabuca, 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 18. Muehlenbergia gracilis, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 87. Podosemum gracile, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 181. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); South Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo 3480 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Orizaba (Schaffner). 19. Muehlenbergia implicata, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 85. Podosemum implicatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 127. Soutu Mexico, near Lake Cuisco and Puerto de Andaracuas, 5640 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tacubaya and Orizaba (Schaffner), Orizaba (Miller, 2102, 2104), Monte- zuma near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 1157), Consoquitla (Liebmann), Toluca (Berlandier). 20. Muehlenbergia liebmannii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 83. Sours Mexico, Alpatlahua (Liebmann). 21. Muehlenbergia mucronata, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 194; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 81. Podosemum mucronatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 129. Trichochloa mucronata, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 387. Agrostis mucronata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 262. Soutn Mexico, near Cerro de Serena, Santa Rosa, and Los Joares, Guanajuato, at 7620 to 8150 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 22. Muehlenbergia quadridentata, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p.194; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 201 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86. Podosemum quadridentatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 180. Trichochloa quadridentata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 388. Agrostis quadridentata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 263. Muehlenbergia gracilis, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3). South Mexico, Toluca, Puente de Tepare et Playas de Jorullo 2400 to 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), peak of Orizaba at 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5774). 542 GRAMINEA. 23. Muehlenbergia rigida, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p.194; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82. Podosemum rigidum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 129. Trichochloa rigida, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 386. Agrostis rigida, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 262. SourH Mexico, Santa Rosa (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Pefiol de los Bafios (Bour- geau, 675, 753), Orizaba (Miller, 2100). Hb. Kew. 24. Muehlenbergia scabra, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 174. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1067). Hb. Kew. —— 25. Muehlenbergia schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 85. Sour Mexico, near Tacubaya and at Mirador (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 26. Muehlenbergia setarioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 84. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas ; Miiller, 2022: Botteri, 1202; Bourgeau, 3362), Sierra de Christobal, near Eugenio (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 27. Muehlenbergia spiciformis, Trin. Agrostidea, ii, p. 42; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2100 in part), valley of Mexico (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 28. Muehlenbergia stipoides, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 194; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 201; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 83. Podosemum stipoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i.p. 181. Trichochloa stipoides, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 388. Agrostis stipoides, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 263. South Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bouwrgeau, 1152), peak of Orizaba at 8000 feet. (Liebmann), without locality (Schaffner)—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 29. Muehlenbergia stricta, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 202; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 82, cum var. B. Podosemum strictum, Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 280. Muehlenbergia capillaris, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 191, ex Fourn. Tzxas.—Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1262: Schaffner ; Bourgeau, 3141), Mira- dor (Liebmann), Consoquitla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 30. Muehlenbergia subtilis, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 689; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 84. | 7 SoutH MExi0o, without locality (Aschenborn). 31. Muehlenbergia tenella, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 192; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 199; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram, p. 83. Podosemum tenellum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 128. Trichochloa tenella, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p- 385. Polypogon tenellus, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 243. GRAMINEZ. 543 Sout Mexico, between Rio Frio and Barranca de Honda, 7300 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Ziebmann). 32. Muehlenbergia tenuifolia, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 199; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 84. Calamagrostis tenuifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 184. Podosemum tenuifolium, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 690. Arundo tenuifolia, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 510. Arundo tenella, Spreng. Pugil. ii. p. 6. Sout Mexico, near the city of Mexico at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), with- out locality (Aschenborn). 33. Muehlenbergia tenuissima, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p.198; Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 39; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 86. Podosemum tenuissimum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 280. Mexico and Panama (ex Pres/). 34. Muehlenbergia trinii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 84. Muehlenbergia diversiglumis, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 52. Soutn Mexico, Rio Blanco, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3369), Orizaba (Bottert, 1273, 1278). Hb. Kew. 35. Muehlenbergia virescens, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 193; Kunth, Enum. PI. 1. p. 202; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 87. Podosemum virescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 182. Trichochloa virescens, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 389. Agrostis nutans, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1. p. 263, pro parte. SoutH Mexico, near Santa Rosa de la Sierra and Puerto de Varientos, 7800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). [Milium microspermum, Lagasca, and IM. sparsa, Miller, Steud. Gram. p. 34, are obscure Mexican grasses, possibly of the genus Muehlenbergia. | 49, PERIEILEMA. Perieilema, Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 233, t. 37. fig. a (Pereilema) ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1144. An exclusively American genus of three or four species, ranging from Mexico to Brazil. 1. Perieilema ciliatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 93. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3328 ; Miller, 2073; Bottert), Cordova (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 544 GRAMINEZ. 2. Perieilema crinitum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 233, t. 37. fig. a; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 235; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 93, cum f. cirrato. SourH Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3272; Miiller, 2068, 2072; Botteri, 1272, 1482), Mirador (Schaffner), Cordova (Bourgeau ; Schaffner).—Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 3. Perieilema setarioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 93. Sourn Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas). | 50. LYCURUS. Lycurus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 141, t. 45; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1145. Pleopogon, Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. ser. 2, i. p. 189. Restricted to America, and the following species, which are scarcely distinguishable from each other, should perhaps be regarded as forms of one. 1. Lycurus phalaroides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i p. 142; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 204; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 92. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer; Virlet @ Aoust); Sourh Mexico, — in mountains of the province of Michoacan, near Valladolid, Pazcuaro &c. at 5700 to | 6350 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Zacoalco, near Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 1415), Orizaba (Schaffner ; Miiller, 2005 ; Botteri, 1277), Chapulco (Lieb- mann). Hb. Kew. 2. Lycurus phleoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 142, t. 45; Kunth, Enum. PL. i. p. 204; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 92. | Texas; New Mexico.—Norru Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust) ; SoutH Mexico, between Guanajuato and Temascatio (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Mexico. (Schaffner), near Zapan (Bourgeau, 442), Orizaba (Thomas), Chapultepec (Bilimek, 455), Zimapan 6500 feet (Galeotti, 5630).—Bouivia ; Areentina. Hb. Kew. 51. PHLEUM. Phleum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 77; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1146. A genus of about ten species, inhabiting the temperate and arctic regions of the northern hemisphere and the extreme south of America. 1. Phleum alpinum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 59; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 29; Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. p- 371; Griseb. Pl. Lorentz. p. 211; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 89, cum var. B. americano. | Phleum henkeanum, Pres, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 245. Norra America, in the arctic and alpine regions.—SourH Muxico, Peak of Orizaba 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Linden, 90; Galeotti, 5771).—Anpes of Cui to FuEGIA ; also- in alpine and arctic regions of EvRoPE and Asia. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEZ., 545 52. SPOROBOLUS. Sporobolus, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 169; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p-. 1148. Vilfa, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 16, pro parte, non Adans. About eighty species are known, and they are very widely spread in temperate and tropical countries, though quite rare in Europe and Asiatic Russia. Fournier regarded Vilfa of Adanson as congeneric with Sporobolus of Brown, and, being the older name, retained it for the Mexican species. Several of his proposed new species we have not seen. 1. Sporobolus atrovirens, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 68, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 214. Agrostis atrovirens, Reem. et Schult. ii. p. 361. Vilfa atrovirens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 188; Trin. Agrostidea, i. p- 64; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 101. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sourn Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 535), without locality (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Sporobolus ciliatus, Presi, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 242; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 216. Vilfa ciliata, Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 41. Panama, without locality (Hanke), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 123). Hb. Kew. Munro identified Seemann’s plant with 9. ciliatus, Presl, but the same number is referred by Nees (in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 224) to S. rupestris, Kunth (Revis. Gram. i. p. 267, t. 45). 8. Sporobolus cryptandrus, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 610; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 268 (var. fleauosus), et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 175. Agrostis cryptandra, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, i. p. 151. Vilfa cryptandra, Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 47. CanaDa and British CoLomBiA southward to Catirornia, New Mexico, and Texas.— NortH Mexico, near Landrillera, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner). 4, Sporobolus domingensis, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 214; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 533; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S., Suppl. p. 661. Vilfa domingensis, Trin. in Spreng. Neue Entdeck. ii. p. 59; Sp. Gram. Ic. et Deser. i. t. 24, et Agrostidea, i. p. 41 ; Fourn. Mex. PJ. Enum., Gram. p. 100 (var. major). Agrostis domingensis, Schult. Mant. iii. p. 570. Fioripa.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust).—West Inprzs. 5. Sporobolus eminens, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 242; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 216. Vilfa eminens, Steud. Gram. p. 159; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 100. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). Fournier also records it from the United States, without any definite locality. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 4a 546 GRAMINEZ. 6. Sporobolus humifusus, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 67, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 210. Vilfa humifusa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 187; Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 69; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 97, cum var. 8. major. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; Soura Mexico, near Mexico (Bour- geau, 449; Schaffner), Cuernavaca (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gowin). Fournier reduces the Brazilian Vilfa arguta, Nees, to this, which Déll (Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 3, p. 32) retains as a distinct species. 7. Sporobolus indicus, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 170;. Benth. Fl. Austr. vil. p. 622; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 533; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. i. 1, p. 79. Agrostis indica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 94. Sporobolus elongatus, R. Br. loc. cit. Agrostis elongata, Lam. Ill. i. p. 162. Sporobolus lamarckit, Desv. in Hamilt. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 4. Sporobolus tenacissimus, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 26; Kunth, Enum, PI. i. p. 211. Vilfa tenacissima, Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 60, et Agrostidea, i. p. 73; D6llin Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 8, p. 36; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 99 (varietates a, 8, et ¥). Vilfa rupestris, Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 59. Sporobolus minor, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 212. Vilfa exilis, Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 67. Mexico and CenTRaL AMERICA, common, and generally dispersed in TropicaL and SuB- TROPICAL REGIONS of both hemispheres. Hb. Kew. 8. Sporobolus minutiflorus, Link, Hort. Bot. Berol. i. p. 88; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1. p. 214. Vilfa minutiflora, Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 63; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 31; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 101, var. a et B. - Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2092), Consoquitla (Liebmann).—BRazIL. | 9. Sporobolus noterophila, Hemsl. Vilfa noterophila, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 2), nomen tantum; Fourn. Mex. Pl. EKnum., Gram. p. 99, descriptio. Sourn Mexico, along rivulets, among cactuses, near Tehuacan de las Grandas, 5500 feet (Galeotti, 5745). Hb. Kew. 10. Sporobolus pilifera, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 157, et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 58; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 2); Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p- 87; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 98. Sovurn Mexico, Totula, near Jalapa, 4000 feet (Galeott:, 5706), Orizaba (Bourgeau ; Bottert ; Schaffner), Dos Puentes (Liebmann).—BraziL; Inpia. Hb. Kew. 11. Sporobolus plumbeus, Hemsl. Vilfa plumbea, Trin, Agrostidea, i. p. 76; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 101. Sporobolus depauperatus, Torr. ex Fourn. GRAMINEA., 547 Rocky Mountains and Puiains.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust) ; Sourn Mexico, Mineral del Monte (Schaffner), along the canal, near Mericalcingo (Bourgeau), Cuernavaca (Schaffner). 12. Sporobolus purpurascens, Hamilt. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p.5; Kunth, Enum. PL.i. p. 211; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 533. Agrostis purpurascens, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 95, et Fl. p. 185; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. . 37. Vilfa purpurascens, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 16; Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 52; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 98. South Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna, near Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Miller, 2116, 2118; Bottert ; Bourgeau, 2753), Cordova (Schaffner).—Brazit; Wust Inpies. Hb. Kew. Under Vilfa Fournier (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 98) describes the following pro- posed new species of this affinity:—V. grisebachiana (Orizaba, Bourgeau, 32; Cuba, Wright, 3427), V. miillert (Orizaba, Miller, 2117), and V. densiflora (Orizaba, Bot- teri, 139). 13. Sporobolus ramulosus, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 68, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 216. Vilfa ramulosa, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 187, et vii. t. 684; Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 61; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 101. Agrostis ramulosa, Roem. et Schult. u. p. 361. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; Soura Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at 2760 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1308), San Nicolas, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 1028), Orizaba (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. Under the name of Vilfa confusa, Fournier, loc. cit., describes an allied species from the same localities, but we have seen none of the specimens he cites. It is characterized as follows :—“ Differt a V. ramulosa pedicellis linearibus longis flexuosis erectis sub florem incrassatis obconicis, non rigidis brevibus divaricatis tequaliter crassioribus, flore ovali non apice attenuato, glumis equalibus, palea superiore non mucronata.” 14. Sporobolus repens, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 241; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 216. Vilfa repens, Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 80; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 101. Nortx Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3285; Schaffner ; Miller, 2007), barranca de Tlatengo (Liebmann), Rancho del. Valno (Karwinski). Also in Bottvia, according to Fournier. Hb. Kew. : 15. Sporobolus virginicus, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 67, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 210; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 533; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 621; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. i. p. 80, et 11. p. 131. ‘ Vilfa virginica, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 26; Trin. Agrostidea, i. p. 48, et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 48; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ti. 3, p. 30; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 100. 4a2 548 GRAMINEA. Agrostis virginica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 94. Podosemum virginicum, Link, Hort. Bot. Berol. i. p. 85. Calotheca sabulosa, Steud. in Flora, 1829, 11. p. 488. Agrostis pungens, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. p. 64, excl. syn. Schreb. Sporobolus pungens, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 210, part. nom. CaROLINA to FLorrpa.—Mexico and CenTRAL AMERICA, common, and very widely dif- fused in TRoPiIcAL and SUBTROPICAL REGIONS, especially in maritime districts. Hb. Kew. | [Fournier, Joc. cit., describes three other species of Vilfa of which we have seen no specimens; they are:—V. liebmanni (Liebmann, without locality), V. pubescens (Cafion de las Minas, Karwinski), and V. sacatilla (San Luis Potosi, Virlet d’ Aoust, and Cha- pultepec, Schaffner). Vilfa orizabe, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. reprint, is a naked name. | 53. EPICAMPES. Epicampes, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 235, t. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1148. An exclusively American genus, ranging from California and Mexico to the Andes. Sixteen species have been proposed, but several of them are not, in our opinion, distinguishable as such. 1. Epicampes berlandieri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 89. SoutH Mexico, the city of Mexico (Berlandier, 670), Orizaba (Miller, 2130; Botteri, 102; Schaffner), near Tacubaya (Schaffner). 2. Epicampes bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 88, cum var. £. mutica. Sout Mexico, Escamala, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2973), Mirador and Tlaltengo (Lied- mann). Hb. Kew. This is exceedingly near H. mutica, and perhaps, as well as E. expansa, should be referred to that species. 3. Epicampes buchingeri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 88. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas in herb. Buchinger). 4, Epicampes expansa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 88. South Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert). 5. Epicampes gigantea, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 88. Sout Mexico, Rio Blanco, near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3137). We have not seen Bourgeau’s number cited for this species, and the description of E. gigantea, as of most of the other new ones proposed by Fournier, is limited to two or three lines, so that it is impossible to deal with it without examining the type. The inference is that most of them are founded upon very slender characters, for all the Mexican specimens in the Kew Herbarium are referable to five or six species, GRAMINEA. 549 6. Epicampes lanata, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 235; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 209; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 89. Agrostis lanata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 136. _~ Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 933; Schaffner, 1023); Sovura Mexico, near Villapando, Santa Rosa, and Cerro del Cubilete, between 7800 and 8760 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. As Kunth suggests, this is probably a variety of HL. pubescens. 7. Epicampes laxiuscula, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 88. SovrH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri; Weber). 8. Epicampes macroura, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 87, et in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1149. Cinna macroura, C. setifolia, et C. stricta, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 67, et Enum. i. p. 208; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 4). Crypsis macroura et C. stricta, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 140. Crypsis setifolia, Presl, Reliq. Henk. 1. p. 245. Crypsinna stricta, C. macroura, et C. setifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 90. NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi, 6000 to 8000 feet (Parry & Palmer, 919, 940; Virlet d’ Aoust); Sout Mexico, peak of Orizaba 10,000 to 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5773; Liebmann), Montezuma, near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 1151), Desierto Viejo (Bour- geau, 1306), mountains of Toluca 10,500 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Cerro Colorado (Schiede) ; GuaTEMALA, lower part of Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin).—CoLomBia, Bouivia. Hb. Kew. [Cinna mexicana, Steud. Gram. p. 182, is an obscure plant. | 9. Epicampes mutica, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 4), absque descript.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 87. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri ; Thomas), Mirador, Zacuapan, and elsewhere in Vera Cruz at 1000 to 3500 feet (Galeotti, 5797). 10. Epicampes pubescens, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 235; Kunth, Enum. PL. i. p. 209; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 89. Agrostis pubescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 136. SoutH Mexico. Collected by Humboldt and Bonpland with £. /anata, of which it is probably a variety, for we are unable to refer any specimens to it as different from #. Janata; and Fournier did not succeed in finding it in Kunth’s herbarium. 11. Epicampes rigens, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 88, et in Benth. et Hook. Gen. iii. p. 1149. Cinna macroura, Thurb. in 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 11. p. 276, non Kunth. CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (Lolander). Hb. Kew. 550 GRAMINEA. 12. Epicampes stricta, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 235, t. 39; Kunth, Enum. PL i. p. 209; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., ‘Gram. p. 89. Epicampes robusta, Fourn. loc. cit. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sours Mexico, above Tacubaya and at Santa Fé and Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 536, 683, 1153), Mirador (Schaffner), Tanque Colorado (Karwinski).— GuaTEMALA, lower part of Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 54. BAUCHEA. Bauchea, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 87; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1149. Limited to the following species, and described as differing from Mpicampes mainly in the very unequal empty glumes. 1. Bauchea karwinskii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 87. SoutH Mexico, Cafion de las Minas and Victoria and Tanquecillas (Karwinski). 55. AGROSTIS. Agrostis, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 80, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p-. 1149. A genus of nearly 100 species, very widely diffused, yet most numerous in the north temperate regions ; a few are almost cosmopolitan. In this, as in other genera, Fournier has founded a number of species on extremely slender characters. 1. Agrostis berlandieri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 96. Muxico, Totonilco (Berlandier). 2. Agrostis borealis, Hartm. Skand. Fl. p. 300; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 95. Mexico, without locality (Ziebmann).—GREENLAND ; SCANDINAVIA. This species, or form, together with A. pickeringii, Tuckerm., is referred by Gray (Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 611) to the very widely diffused A. canina, Linn. Fournier retains Agrostis pickeringii as an independent species, and records it, like the present, from Mexico, absque loco, Liebmann. 3. Agrostis bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 95. SourH Mexico, Pedregal, near Tizapan, in the valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 682). 4. Agrostis chinantle, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 96. South Mexico, Chinantla (Liebmann). We have not determined one of Fournier’s new species of this genus; they are nearly all founded on specimens from a single locality. 5. Agrostis decumbens, Link, Hort. Bot. Berol. i. p. 80; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 94. Trichodium decumbens, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 42. GRAMINEA. 551 South Mexico, Mirador and Dolores (Liebmann), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2746).— Eastern States of NortH America, especially near the sea. Trinius (‘ Agrostidea,’ ii. p. 79) unites a number of proposed species, including this, under the collective name of Agrostis michauaii; but Gray and others regard A. scabra, Willd., as distinct ; and A. perennans, Tuckerm., is the name generally applied by North- ‘American botanists to Trichodium decumbens, Michx. 6. Agrostis ghiesbreghtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 97. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Ghiesbreght). [Agrostis glauca, Steud. (Gram. p. 175), syn. Podosemum glaucum, Nees (‘ Linnea,’ xix. p. 689), from Mexico, Aschenborn, is an obscure species. | [Agrostis mexicana, Linn. Mant. p. 31 (syn. Cinna mexicana, Lindl., Trichochloa mexicana, Trin., Podosemum mexicanum, Link, Muehlenbergia mexicana, Trin.), seems to have been erroneously recorded from Mexico, its known range being from North Carolina northward. | 7. Agrostis schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 94, cum var. B. mutica. SoutH Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner). 8. Agrostis schiedeana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 96. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Schaffner ; Schiede & Deppe), Tonaguia (Liebmann), Orizaba (Thomas). 9. Agrostis scabra, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 370; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 611; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176; Thurb. in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 274. Agrostis laxiflora, Richardson, App. p. 3; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 94. Agrostis michauxii, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 79, pro parte. ‘Trichodium laxiflorum, Michx. Fl. Am.-Bor. i. p. 41, t. 8. Trichodium montanum, Torr. ex A. Gr. CanapDa and ALASKA to Fioripa and Cairornia.—Sovutia Mexico, Colipa (Karwinskt). SIBERIA. 10. Agrostis setifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 97. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liedmann). 11. Agrostis tacubayensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 95. Souta Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner). 12. Agrostis tolucensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 135; Trin. Agrostidea, il. p. 95; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 95, cum var. £. Agrostis virescens, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3), non H. B. K. ‘Agraulus'mexicanus, Présl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 236. 552 , GRAMINEZ. Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet dAoust); Sourn Mexico, Toluca 7000 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Orizaba 14,000 feet (Lieb- mann), 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5775). Trinius (Joc. cit. p. 74) cites A. tolucensis as a synonym of A. virescens. 13. Agrostis varians, Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 68 ; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ti. p. 273; Fourn. Mem. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 99. Agrostis michaucii, var. alpina, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 2). Orxcon to CALrrornis.—Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba at the limits of phanerogamic vegetation, 12,000 to 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5767 ; Liebmann). 14, Agrostis verticillata, Vill. Delph. p. 74; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t. 36, et Agrostidea, ii. p. 112; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 346; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 272; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 96. Agrostis dulcis, Sibth. ex Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 218; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 670; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Vilfa dulcis, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 16; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 138. Agrostis vulgaris, y. dulcis, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 75. Texas to Cauirornia.—Norra and Sovrn Mexico, common.—Evurope; MApzira; Canartes; NortH AFrica; and WESTERN Asta. Hb. Kew. 15. Agrostis virescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 135; Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 74, excl. syn.; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3), var. pumila ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 95. Sout Mexico, Toluca 7000 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), without locality (Liebmann), peak of Orizaba, 12,500 feet (Galeotts, 5775). 16. Agrostis virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 96 (varietates a, £, et y). Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virleé d’Aoust); South Mexico, Tacubaya and Guazimalpan (Schaffner). 56. POLYPOGON. Polypogon, Desf. Fl. Atl. i. p. 66; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1150. About ten species, now very widely dispersed in temperate and subtropical regions, rarer within the tropics. P. monspeliensis and some others colonize very freely, espe- cially in maritime districts. 1. Polypogon brachyphyllus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 91. Podosemum brachyphyllum, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 690. Agrostis brachyphylla, Steud. Gram. p. 175. Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn). 2. Polypogon elongatus, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 134; Rupr, in Bull. ‘GRAMINEA. 593 Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 3); Trin. Agrostidea, ii. p. 11; Nees, Agrostol. p. 416; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 91. Raspailia agrostoides, Presi, Relig. Henk. p. 239, t. 40. Nowodworskya agrostoides, Presl, loc. cit. p. 351. Nortn Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; Sovura Mexico, common (Bourgeau, 3135, 3329; Galeotti, 5760, 5807; Miller, 2097).—CoLomBia to Cait and BUENOS Ayres. Hb. Kew. 3. Polypogon mexicanus, Schl. Hort. Hal. 1842, ex Steud. Gram. p. 185; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 92. Sout Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner). 57. ACHATA. Acheta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 109; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1153, sub Deyeuxia. Limited to the following species, which, from the description, Bentham referred to _ Deyeuxia, but we prefer not giving names to them under that genus without seeing them. 1. Acheta geniculata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 109. Sours Mexico, without locality (Liebmann). 2. Achzeta plumosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 109. Sours Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Liebmann). 58. DEYEUXIA. Deyeuzxia, Clarion in Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 43, t. 9. figg. 9 & 10; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1152. | Lachnagrostis, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 128, et Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. tt. 242 et 248. A genus of nearly 120 species, very widely dispersed in temperate regions, including mountains within the tropics, and extending into both the north and the south frigid zones ; most numerous in the Andes. 1. Deyeuxia eriantha, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 145; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 240, et Suppl. p. 187; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 37; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 105. Calamagrostis eriantha, Steud. Gram. p. 190. _ Sovuts Mexico, mountains between Mexico and Tezcuco at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Jalapa (Schiede). 2. Deyeuxia evoluta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 106. South Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Orizaba (Thomas), Orizaba at 11,000 feet (Liebmann). . BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 4b 554 GRAMINE. 3. Deyeuxia gracilis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 106. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann). “Ambigit inter Deyeusiam et Trisetum ; glume equilate.”—Fournier. 4. Deyeuxia junciformis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p.143; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 239, et Suppl. p. 185, t. 14. fig. 3; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 100. Calamagrostis junciformis, Steud. Gram. p. 199. Deschampsia nitida, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 251?, ex Fournier. Norti Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Sour Mrxico, Toluca 7000 to 8000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 5. Deyeuxia liebmanniana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 106. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba 14,000 to 15,300 feet (Liebmann), Cofre de Perote, near the bare region of lichens, and Tlapocoya (Hahn). (“Apera liebmanni, Fourn., species Mexicana a nobis non visa, est forte melius Deyeuxie species,” Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1153.] 6. Deyeuxia orizabz, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 105. Calamagrostis orizabe, Steud. Gram. p. 193. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba in pine- and oak-forests at 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 5780). Hb. Kew. 7. Deyeuxia schaffneri, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxiv. p. 181, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 107. Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner). 8. Deyeuxia schiedeana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 105. Deyeuxia recta, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 37, non H. B. K. Calamagrostis schiedeana, Steud. Gram. p. 193. SourH Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 to 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5779; Schiede; Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 9. Deyeuxia tolucensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 143; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 239, et Suppl. p. 185; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 4, non Presl, ex. Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 105. Calamagrostis tolucensis et C. sesquitriflora, Steud. Gram. p. 190. SoutH Mxxico, Toluca 8200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), at 14,000 feet (Heller). 10. Deyeuxia triflora, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 691; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 106, cum var. quadrifiora. Avena deyeuxioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 147, et vii. t. 687. Trisetum deyeuxioides, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 102, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 297, et Suppl. p. 251. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @Aoust); Sours Mexico, lake Tezcuco GRAMINEA, 555 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Tacubaya and Chapultepec (Schaffner), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 217 ; Miller, 2113; Schaffner), at 8000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann), Chinantla, Talea, and Sempoaltepec (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Deyeuxia viridis, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxiv. p. 181, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 105. Trisetum viride, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 101; Enum. Pl. i. p. 296, et Suppl. p. 250. Avena viridis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 147. SoutH Mexico, in the elevated plain between Salamanca and Queretaro, 5400 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Tribe IX. AVENE. Avenee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1086. There are twenty-two genera of this tribe, comprising about 300 species, spread over the whole area of the Order. Danthonia is the largest genus, numbering about 100 species, very widely dispersed in the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres, though it is not, as far as we know, represented within our limits. Six of the genera are monotypic, and three of these endemic in Australia. 59. DESCHAMPSIA. Deschampsia, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 91, t. 18. fig. 18 ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1157. About twenty species, widely dispersed in the temperate and frigid zones of both hemispheres, rarer on the mountains within the tropics. One species, D. cwspitosa, covers nearly the whole area of the genus, and may yet be found in Mexico. 1. Deschampsia kelerioides, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 1158. Aira kelerioides, Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 5. Peyritschia kelerioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 110. Souta Mexico, Toluca at 8800 feet (Heller). 60. TRISETUM. Trisetum, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 97; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1159. A genus of nearly fifty species, inhabiting temperate regions of both hemispheres, including mountains within the tropics. 1. Trisetum bambusiforme, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. Sout Mexico, Desierto Viejo, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 1304). Hb. Kew. 2. Trisetum elongatum, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 101; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7), ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. Avena elongata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 148. SoutH Mexico, near Chapultepec 7170 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), near Las Vigas, 462 556 GRAMINEZ. Jalapa 6000 to 7000 feet, and near Chapultepec at 7200 feet (Galeotti, 5732), Orizaba near perpetual snow (Schiede). 8. Trisetum gracile, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); SouTa Mexico, La Hoya 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 4. Trisetum interruptum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. SourH Mexico, Vaqueria del Jacal, 10,000 feet, and Chinantla (Liebmann). 5 Trisetum nivosum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 107. Sour Mzxico, Nevado de Toluca (Hahn). Hb. Kew. Concerning this Fournier says, ‘ Forsan tantum varietas Triseti tolucensis ;” and we think there is little doubt that 7. tolucensis and several other proposed species are referable to 7. subspicatum, a species ranging from the Rocky Mountains through the Andes to Fuegia and the Falkland Islands, and recurring in the mountains of Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. 6. Trisetum paniculatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 109. SourH Mexico, Cumbre de Ixtepec, Sierra de Oaxaca 9000 to 10,000 feet, and Hacienda de Santa Ana (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 7. Trisetum tolucense, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. pp. 101 et 297, t. 60, Enum. Pl. i. p. 296, et Suppl. p. 248; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 107; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 7). Avena tolucensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 148. Trisetum molle, Trim. partim, non Avena mollis, Mich. ex Fournier. Soura Mexico, near Toluca at 8250 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), peak of Orizaba 11,000 to 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5772), at 14,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 8. Trisetum virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 651), woods of the Desierto Viejo, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1149), around Mexico and near Guazimalpan (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 61. AVENA. Avena, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 91; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1160. Species about forty, mostly inhabiting the temperate regions of the Old World and a few North America. Several annual species are now very widely colonized, as Avena sterilis, Linn., and Avena fatua, Linn., in many parts of Mexico. Avena trichopodia, Presl (Relig. Henk. i. p. 254), from Mexico, is an obscure plant. | GRAMINEA, 557 62. TRISTACHYA. Tristachya, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 458; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1161. About eight species are known, two of which inhabit Tropical America, and the rest Tropical and South Africa and West Asia. 1. Tristachya leiostachya, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 459; Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. t. 140, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 308; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 8, p. 106. Tristachya mexicana, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 308, et Suppl. p. 259 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 111. Monopogon avenaceus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 325, t. 44. Sovta Mexico, Villa Alta, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. Tribe X. CHLORIDE, Chloridee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1087. This Tribe is generally spread, except in the colder regions, though rare in Europe. There are twenty-eight genera, thirteen of which are monotypic, and six of these are _ African. Altogether only about 150 species are known. 63. MICROCHLOA. Microchloa, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 208; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1168. Species three, one widely spread, and the others restricted to Tropical and South Africa. 1. Microchloa setacea, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 208; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 84, t. 22; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 258, et Suppl. p. 201; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p.5; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 135; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 970); Sour Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 446), Mirador (Liebmann), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2077).—Bouivia ; Braziu; Norra Avstrauia; TropicaL Arrica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 64. CYNODON. Cynodon, Pers. Syn. Plant. i. p. 85; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1164, In addition to the following there are three endemic Australian species. 1. Cynodon dactylon, Pers. Syn. Pl.i. p. 85; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 77; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 540; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 609 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 142. This grass is now common in nearly all Tropical and SuprropicaL and in some ‘TEMPERATE COUNTRIES, including Mexico. Hb. Kew. 558 GRAMINEZ. [Cynodon erectus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. 1. p. 290, is probably the same as Cynodon dactylon. | 65. CTENIUM. Ctenium, Panz. in Denkschr. Acad. Sc. Minch. 1818, p. 288, t. 18; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1165. Species about seven, four North or South American and three African or Mascarene. 1. Ctenium planifolium, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 275; Fourn. Mex. P]. Enum., Gram. p. 136. Campulosus planifolius, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 287. Mexico, without locality (Henke). Presl’s plant has not been identified by later botanists. 66. CHLORIS. Chloris, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 25, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 189, t. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 1165. About forty known species, generally dispersed in the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 1. Chloris andropogonoides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 143. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust). 2. Chloris anoplia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 143. Leptochloa anoplia, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 691; Steud. Gram. p. 210. Leptochloa humilis, Nees ; Steud. Gram. p. 210. Mexico, without locality (Aschenborn). 3. Chloris elegans, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 166, t. 49; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 264, et Suppl. p. 207; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 143; S. Wats. in Proc Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Chloris alba, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 289; Steud. Gram. p. 204. Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 961), Parras and in the Morales Mountains (Schaffner) ; Sourn Mexico, Guadalupe (Bourgeau, 665, 911), near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2041), between Mexico and Queretaro (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 4, Chloris ciliata, Swartz, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 25, et Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 197; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 263, et Suppl. p. 207; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 289; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 539; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 66; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 144. . | Norte Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet dAoust); Sourh Mexico, near Tacubaya (Schaffner), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 1629), Papantla (Liebmann).—Brazit ; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. GRAMINEA. 559 5. Chloris inermis, Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 232; Steud. Gram. p. 206. Chloris polystachya, Lag. Elench. p. 4. Mexico. 6. Chloris petrza, Thunb. FI. Cap. i. p. 409; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 296; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 539. Eustachys petrea, Desv. Journ. de Bot. i. 1818, p. 69 ; Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p- 419; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 262. Shultesia petrea, Spreng. Pugil. ii. p. 17. FLoripa to Texas.—Nicaraeva, Chontales (Tate).—CotomBia to Unvevay; Bermupas; West Inpizs; Sourn Arrica. Hb. Kew. 7. Chloris radiata, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 201; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 939; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 63; Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. t. 179, Enum. Pl. i. p. 265, et Suppl. p. 212. Panama, Empire Station (8. Hayes, 238).—Cotompia to Perv and Brazit, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 8. Chloris submutica, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 167, t. 50; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 263, et Suppl. p. 206 ; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 291; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p.5; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 143; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Eustachys submutica, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 614. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1074); Sours Mexico, Chapultepec, Mirador, Tacubaya, San Augustin de las Cuevas (Schaffner), near Mexico (Bourgeau, 454), near Lake Tezcuco at 6800 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 9. Chloris virgata, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 203; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i, p. 166; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii..3, p. 65, t. 18; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 143 ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Rhabdochloa virgata, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 84. Chloris gracilis, Durand, Chlor. p. 10; Presl, Relig. Henk. p. 289; Steud. Gram. p. 206. Norta Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1072); Sourn Mexico, San Cristobal, Orizaba, and San Angel, near Mexico (Bourgeau, 445, 3196), between ‘Toluco and Mexico 7200 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), region of Oaxaca (Liebmann); Guats- MALA, Duehas (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpies to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 67. TRICHLORIS. Trichloris, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 142; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1166. An exclusively American genus of about half a dozen species, ranging from Texas to Brazil. 1. Trichloris fasciculata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 142. -'Tuxas.—Norru Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust). 560 GRAMINEZ. 2. Trichloris pluriflora, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 142. Trxas.—Mexico, without locality (Karwinskit). 68. GYMNOPOGON. Gymnopogon, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 41, t. 9. fig. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1167. About half a dozen species, one inhabiting Ceylon and the rest North and South America. 1. Gymnopogon longifolius, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 144. SoutH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gowin). 2. Gymnopogon virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 144. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust). We have seen neither of the above-named species, and no reference is given to them in the ‘Genera Plantarum.’ Fournier observes :—‘* Ambo Gymnopogones supra descripti e descriptione typica generis recedunt glumis minoribus quam spicula.” [| Schedonnardus, a very distinct monotypic genus inhabiting Texas and New Mexico, close on our borders, probably occurs in Mexico. | 69. BOUTELOUA. Bouteloua, Lag. Varied, Cienc. Liter. y Art. 1805, p. 141, et Elench. p. 5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1168. An exclusively American genus of about twenty-five species, ranging from Illinois to California, Florida, Texas, West Indies, Mexico, and Brazil. . Bentham (in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 104) reduces Chondrosium, Desv., Atheropogon, Muehl., Eutriana, Trin., Dinebra, DC., Triathera, Desv., and Triena, H. B. K., &c., to Boutelowa, while Fournier retains them all, except Dinebra, as independent genera, and describes a number of new species under Chondrosium and Atheropogon, several of which we have not seen. §. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 178) reviews the species of Bouteloua in the Gray Herbarium as extended in the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ but without any reference to Fournier’s species, so that without consulting the herbaria Fournier and Watson examined it is almost impossible to harmonize the labours of the two. Under these circumstances, in order to avoid unnecessarily multiplying names, Fournier’s unidentified species are enumerated below under the genera to which he refers them. Pentarrhaphis scabra, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 178, t. 60 (Kunth, Enum. PI. i, Suppl. p. 237; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 142; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant, iii, p. 1096), and perhaps also Pogonopsis tenera, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 333, t. 46 (Benth. et Hook. loc. cit.), are Mexican grasses allied to Bouteloua. Fournier suggests that the figure of the former is incorrect; and the latter he doubtingly refers to the Andropogonee. GRAMINEA. 561 1. Bouteloua aristidoides, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 537; Thurb. in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p.291; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p.104; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. pp. 178 et 180. Dinebra aristidoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 171, et vii. t. 695. Eutriana aristidoides, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 95, Enum. Pl. i. p. 280, et Suppl. p. 233. Atheropogon aristidoides, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 415; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 189. New Mexico to SoutHeRN CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1353), region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1062; Parry & Palmer, 941); Sourn Mexico, Toluca at 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Puerto de Santa Cruz, Oaxaca,. “in arena littorali” (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Bouteloua bromoides, Lag. Elench. p.5 ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. pp. 177 et 179. Dinebra bromoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 172, t. 51. Atheropogon bromoides, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 415; Fourn, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram~- p- 140. Eutriana bromoides, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 95, et Enum. Pl. i. Suppl. p. 234. Atheropogon americanus, Fourn. loc. cit. ? Dinebra repens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 172, t. 52. Atheropogon repens, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 416; Fourn. loc. cit. Eutriana repens, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 95, Enum. Pl. i., Suppl. p. 235 ; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy, ‘ Herald,’ p. 225. Heterostega juncifolia, Desv.; H. B. K. loc. cit. p. 173, t. 54, ex S. Wats. sed vix. Bouteloua humboldtiana, Griseb. ex 8. Wats. Atheropogon radicosus, Fourn. loc. cit. ? Texas to Arizona.—NortH Mexico, Caracol Mountains, Coahuila (Palmer, 1354), region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1001 to 1003), Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5704), Zocoalco, near Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 534), Guanaxuato (Humboldt & Bonpland), Ocotlan, Ejutla, and Mecoatlan (Liebmann); Nicaracua (Lévy); Panama (Seemann). Hb. Kew. The synonymy of this and some of the other species is still somewhat involved. We have followed Watson ; but there seem to have been two species confused under the names Dinebra bromoides, H. B. K., and Euériana bromoides, Trin. (Fund. Agrost. p. 161). Kunth cites the latter as a synonym of Eutriana juncifolia and Atheropogon juncifolius. 3. Bouteloua chondrosioides, Griseb. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 136 ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 179. Chondrosium humboldtianum, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 938, Enum. Pl. i. p. 276, et Suppl. p. 231. Dinebra chondrosioides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 173, t. 53. _ Spartina humilis, Willd. ex Trin. Gram. Unifl. p. 164. Bouteloua ovata, Lag. Elench. p. 5? Actinochloa ovata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 420? Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust), Valladolid in Michoacan at 6000 feet. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., November 1885. 4e 562 GRAMINEA. (Humboldt & Bonpland), valley of Orizaba (Schaffner), valley of Oaxaca, near Ejutla (Liebmann). 4. Bouteloua hirsuta, Lag. Elench. p. 5; 8S, Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. pp. 177 et 178; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 621. Chondrosium hirtum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 176, t. 59; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 276, et Suppl. p. 231; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 137. Aetinochloa hirsuta, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 149. Chondrosium fenum, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 1538, t. 12. Wisconsin and Inuiwois to Fiorrpa and Trxas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1018; Parry & Palmer, 943); Sourn Mexico, between Mexico and Gasave 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Orizaba (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 5. Bouteloua oligostachya, Torr.; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 621; Thurb. in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 291; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 177. Chondrosium oligostachyum, Torr. in Marcy Rep. p. 300. Atheropogon oligostachyus, Nutt. Gen. 1. p. 78. Chondrosium aschenborinanum, Nees in Linnzea, xix. p. 692 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 137, fide S. Wats. loc. cit. Chondrosium gracile, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 176, t. 58; Nees in Linnea, xix. p.692; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 5; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 187? Actinochloa gracilis, Willd.; Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 418. Atheropogon gracilis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 293. From the SasKaTCHEWAN to CaLiFornia, ARIZONA, and Texas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1014, 1015; Parry & Palmer, 944); Sours Mexico, without locality (Coulter, 1625), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Zacoalco near Guadalupe (Bour- geau, 448, 666). Hb. Kew. 6. Bouteloua polystachya, Torr. in Pacif. Rail. Rep. v. p. 366, t. 10; Thurb. in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 291; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. pp. 177 et 179, cum var. vestita. Chondrosium parryi, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 150. Chondrosium polystachyum, Benth. Bot. Voy. ‘Sulphur,’ p. 56. Chondrosium microstachyum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 188? SoutHern Utan to Texas and SouTHEeRN CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, in the Sierra Madre, south of Saltillo (Palmer, 1357), region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1017, 1019, 1020; Parry & Palmer, 946); Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 667). Hb. Kew. 7. Bouteloua prostrata, Lag. Elench. p. 5; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Chondrosium humile, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 41; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i, p. 175, t. 56; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 276, et Suppl. p. 229. GRAMINE. 563 Actinochloa prostrata, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 419. Actinochloa humilis, Roem. et Schult. loc. cit. p. 417? Atheropogon humilis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 293 ? Chondrosium tenue, var. 8, Fournier, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 138? New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1358), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner).—CotomBia; Ecuador. Hb. Kew. This species and B. tenuis seem to have been interchanged by Fournier and Watson. The former regards B. prostratum as a variety of B. tenuis, and refers Bourgeau’s 751 to typical tenuis, while the latter treats the two as distinct species, and refers Bour- geau’s 751 to B. prostrata. 8. Bouteloua racemosa, Lag. Elench. p. 5; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 104; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 177. Eutriana curtipendula, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 161; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 280. Chloris curtipendula, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 59; Jacq. Eclog. Gram. t. 7. Atheropogon apludioides, Muehlenb.; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 937. Bouteloua curtipendula, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 621. Dinebra curtipendula, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 105. Cynosurus secundus, Pursh. Fl. Am. Sept. ii. p. 728. Atheropogon curtipendulus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 188. Erucaria glabra, V. Cerv. in La Naturaleza, Nov. 1870, p. 347, e descript. ex Fournier, loc. cit. New York to Wisconsin and southward to Trxas.—Norts Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1061); Sovrn Mexico, Real del Monte (Coulter, 1653), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2755; Miller, 2081), Tacubaya (Schaffner), Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 451), Guanajuato at 7300 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Tehuacan and Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 9. Bouteloua scorpioides, Lag. Elench.?; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 176. Chondrosium? scorpioides, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 94, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 277. Actinochloa? scorpioides, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 420. Atheropogon scorpioides, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1. p. 298. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1010). This is a very obscure species, and it is quite uncertain whether the North-Mexican specimens are correctly referred to it. Fournier cites the name under tenuis, but without the sign of certainty. 10. Bouteloua tenuis, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 76, vix Griseb. Pl. Lorentz, p. 211, et Symb. Fl. Arg. p. 303. Chondrosium tenue, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 41; H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 176, t. 57; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 276; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 138, pro parte. Actinochloa tenuis, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 418. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1013); Sourn Mexico, near Mexico and San Augustin de las Cuevas at 6950 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 4¢2 564 GRAMINEA, 11. Bouteloua triathera, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 104, et in Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 1169. Triena racemosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp.i. p. 178, t.61; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 141. Triathera americana, Desv. Journ. Bot. 1813, i. p. 67; Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 39, t. 9. fig. 4, fide Benth. Atheropogon triena, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 293. Eutriana triena, Trin. ex Steud. Gram. p. 216. Sour Mexico, between Guanajuato and Villalpando 6400 feet (Humboldt & Bon- pland).—San Domingo. [Triathera gracilis, Fourn. (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 141), from Cuernavaca, Chapulco, and San Lorenzo, near Tehuacan (Liebmann), is described as distinct from the present plant. | 12. Bouteloua trifida, Thurber, ex S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 177. Texas ; New Muxico.—Nortu Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1355), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 945). Hb. Kew. 70. CHONDROSIUM. | Chondrosium, Desv. ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1168, sectio Bouteloue. Species Fourneriane not identified: see remarks under Bouteloua, ante, p. 560. 1. Chondrosium exile, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 137. Mexico, without locality (Berlandier). 2. Chondrosium karwinskii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 137. Texas.—Sovrn Mexico, La Miquiguana (Karwinski). 3. Chondrosium virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 136. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 71. ATHEROPOGON. Atheropogon, Muehlenb.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1168, sectio Bouteloue. Species Fourneriane not identified: see remarks under Bouteloua, ante, p. 560. 1, Atheropogon acuminatus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 139. Sour Mexico, Mirador and Potrero de Consoquitla (Liebmann). 2. Atheropogon filiformis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 140. Souta Mzxtco, Hacienda de Naranja (Karwinksi), Consoquitla (Liebmann). 8. Atheropogon medius, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 139. South Mexico, between San Miguel and Sadani (Liebmann), Hacienda del Limon (Karwinski). 4. Atheropogon polymorphus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 141. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). GRAMINEA. 565 5. Atheropogon stolonifer, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 140. Soura Mexico, La Parada, Sierra de Oaxaca at 8500 feet (Liebmann). 72. ELEUSINE. Kleusine, Gertn. Fruct. i. p.7, t.1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1172. A genus mainly confined to the warm regions of the Old World, two of the species being also common in America. Many forms have been described as species, but Bentham (loc. cit.) says there are scarcely seven distinct ones. 1. Eleusine egyptiaca, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 82; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 615. Dactyloctenium egyptiacum, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. p. 1029; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 261; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 540. Dactyloctenium mucronatum, Willd. loc. cit. ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 144; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 225; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. i. 3, p. 87. t. 25. Dactyloctenium prostratum, Willd. loc. cit. Mexico and CentraL AMERICA, common, and in almost all warm countTRIES through- out the world, though often only a colonist. Hb. Kew. 2. Eleusine indica, Gertn. Fruct. i. p. 8; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 272; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 540; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. et Descr. t.71; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Fnum., Gram. p. 145. _Eleusine scabra, E. inequalis, E. rigidifolia et E. gouini, Fourn. loc. cit. pp. 145 et 146? Mexico and Central AMERICA, common, and in almost all warm countRIES through- out the world, but in many places only introduced. Hb. Kew. We have reduced all Fournier’s proposed new species of this genus, though we have seen only the two first. 73. LEPTOCHLOA. Leptochloa, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 71, t. 15. fig. 1; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1172. About a dozen species, scattered over the warmer regions and extending into North America and Extratropical Australia. Fournier’s new species are unknown to us. 1. Leptochloa liebmannii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 147. South Mexico, Antigua (Liebmann). 2. Leptochloa mucronata, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 91, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 270; Chapm. FI. Southern U.S. p. 558; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 147; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181. Eleusine mucronata, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 65. Leptochloa pellucidula, Steud. Gram. p. 209, ex Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 537. Leptochloa filiformis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 288?, vix Roem. et Schult. VirGInia to ILLINOIS and southward to Texas.—NortH Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1364); SourH Mexico, Acapulco (Thiebaut), Tuzpango (Bourgeau, 2375 in 566 | GRAMINEZ. part), Manantial (Liebmann); GuateMaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 529); Nicaragua (Lévy, 99).—VENEZUELA; West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 3. Leptochloa paniculata, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 296. Nicaraa@va, without locality (Lévy, 1079). 4, Leptochloa stricta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 147. Souta Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 5. Leptochloa virgata, Beauv. Agrostogr. p.71; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 90; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 146, var. a, @, et y. Cynosurus virgatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 106. Festuca virgata, Lam. Ill. i. p. 189. Eleusine virgata, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 57; Spreng. Syst. Veg, i. p. 850. Chloris polystachya, Lag. Elench. p. 4. Chloris poeformis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 169. Cynosurus domingensis, Swartz, Obs. p. 40. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sours Mexico, Colipa (Karwinshi), Orizaba (Miller, 2022 in part), Tuzpango (Bourgeau, 2375 in part), Vera Cruz (Gouin), Jicaltepec and Huitamalco (Liebmann); GuatEma.a, San Gerénimo (Salvin & Godman) ; Nicaracua, neighbourhood of Granada (Lévy, 173); Panama, Rio Grande station (8. Hayes, 294).—CotomsBia to Brazit and in the West Inpres. Hb. Kew. 6. Leptochloa virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 147. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d'Aoust). 74. BUCHLOE. Buchloé, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Se. St. Louis, 1859, p. 432, tt. 12 et 14; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1173. A monotypic dicecious (or moncecious) genus. 1. Buchloé dactyloides, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, 1859, p. 432, tt. 12 et 14; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 473, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 185; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 178. Sesleria dactyloides, Nutt. Gen. N. Am. Pl. i. p. 65; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 328; Torr. Bot. Emory Rep. t. 10. Calanthera dactyloides, Kunth in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. viii. (1856), p. 18. Lasiostega humilis, Rupr. ex Munro in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 347. Triodia sp., Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 28. Anthephora axilliflora, Steud. Gram. ex Fournier. OrEGoN and Missourt to New Mexico and Texas. —Norra Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1021; Parry & Palmer, 922, 953); Sour Mexico, Aguas Calientes (Hartweg, 250), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1664), Cerro de los Bafios (Bour- geau, 440), Orizaba (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. GRAMINEA. 567 | 75. JOUVEA. Jouvea, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 475; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1173. A dicecious monotype. 1. Jouvea straminea, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xv. p. 475, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 68. SoutH Mexico, on the sea-sand of the Pacific at San Augustin (Liebmann). . 76. OPIZIA. Opizia, Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 298, t. 41. fig. 1 ad 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant, iii. p- 1173. A moneecious or dicecious monotype. 1. Opizia stolonifera, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 293; Steud. Gram. p. 214; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 135. Castostega anomala, Rupr. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. ix. (reprint, p. 6), ex Fournier. SoutH Mexico, sand-hills of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5703; Gouin), Oaxaca (Liebmann), Acapulco (Henke), La Parada in the Sierra de Oaxaca at 8500 feet, Ocotlan in the valley of Oaxaca, and in fields around the Hacienda de Buenavista (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. Tribe XI. FESTUCEZ. Festucee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1089. As understood by Bentham and Hooker, this is a large tribe, comprising sixty-nine genera and nearly 900 species. A very large proportion of the genera are small; no fewer than twenty-seven being monotypic, and fifty-five out of the total have six or fewer species. The bulk of the species belong to the genera Eragrostis, Poa, Festuca, and Bromus. There are eight subtribes, namely, Pappophoree, Triodiew, Arundines, Sesleriese, Eragrostez, Melices, Centothecee, and Eufestucez, some of which are ranked as independent tribes by other agrostologists. The Festuces are spread over the whole area of the Order. 77. PAPPOPHORUM. Pappophorum, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 787; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1174. About twenty species, widely dispersed in the warmer regions of both hemispheres. ‘We have seen only three Mexican species of the genus, and it is probable that the two proposed new ones in Fournier’s ‘Enumeratio’ are the same as those previously published by Munro and Watson. 1. Pappophorum apertum, Munro ex Scribner in Bull. Torr. Club, ix. p. 148; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p- 180. Texas to Arizona.—NortH Mexico, at Parras and Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1360, 13862). Hb. Kew. 568 1 GRAMINE. 2. Pappophorum bicolor, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p, 133. Soura Mexico, Cerro de las Minas and Toluca (Karwinski). 3. Pappophorum laguroideum, Schrad. in Roem. et Schult. Mant. ii. p. 342; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 8, p. 59; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 133. Souta Mexico, Colipa (Karwinski), Pas de Dofia Juana, and Quiotepec (Liebmann).—- MARTINIQUE and Braziu to Unvevay. Hb. Kew. | Grisebach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 537) combines this with P. alopecuroides, Vahl, the- only species he records from the British West Indies, and he cites plates 131 and 132 of Kunth’s ‘ Revisio’ as also belonging to it, while Nees and Déll retain P. laguroideum. as an independent species more from want of evidence to the contrary than anything else. A revision of the whole genus would doubtless lead to a considerable reduction of the proposed species. Bentham (MSS. in Herb. Kew) has named Watson’s P. wrightit,. P. pallida, R. Br. var.%, and Scribner (Bull. Torr. Club, ix. p. 148) seems to have held. the same view. 4. Pappophorum mexicanum, Griseb. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 133. | SourH Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau ; Schaffner). 5. Pappophorum wrightii, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 178. Texas; New Mextco.—Norta Mexico, Parras (Palmer, 1361), region of San Luis- Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 947); Sourn Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. Torrey (in Pacific Railr. Rep. iv. p. 155) refers the Texan and New-Mexican speci- mens to P. boreale, Griseb. Respecting other conflicting views, see the remarks under. P. laguroideum. [Cottea pappophoroides, Kunth (Revis. Gram. i. t. 52), a very distinct grass of this. affinity found in Texas, on the coast of Peru and in Tucuman, probably occurs within our limits. | 78. TRIODIA. Triodia, R, Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 182; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1175. There are upwards of twenty species in Europe, North and South America, South. Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. 1. Triodia avenacea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 156, t. 48, Uralepis avenacea, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 108, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 318; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 693; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p.110; 8. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii, p. 180. Kelera avenacea, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 332. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1008, 1009; Palmer, 950); Sourn. Mexico, Tacubaya (Schaffner), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 678), Chapul-. tepec and Pefiol de los Bafios 7150 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Hb. Kew. GRAMINEZ. 569 2. Triodia mutica, Benth. ex S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 180. Uralepis mutica, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 110? Tricuspis mutica, Torr. in Rep. Bot. Whipple’s Exped. p. 100. Texas; New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, mountains west of Saltillo (Palmer, 2020). Hb. Kew. 3. Triodia pulchella, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 155, t. 47; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 180. Tricuspis pulchella, Torr. Rep. Bot. Whipple’s Exped. p. 100. Uralepis pulchella, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 108, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 318; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 693; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 110. SoutHerN Uran to New Mexico and Trexas.—Norta Mexico, Parras, Coahuila (Palmer, 1359), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 951; Schaffner 1007) ; South Mexico, between Guanajuato and Mina de Belgrado 6300 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 664), Mirador (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 4, Triodia schaffneri, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181. Norta Mexico, in the Escabrillos mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1077). Hb. Kew. 5. Triodia texana, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 180. Texas; New Mexico.—-NortaH Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1371). Hb. Kew. 79. DIPLACHNE. Diplachne, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 80, t. 16. fig. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1176. - About fourteen species, scattered over the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 1. Diplachne dubia, Benth. ex S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181; Vasey, Grasses U. S. p. 35. Leptochloa dubia, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 483; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 271; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 559; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 147. Chloris dubia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 169, et vii. t. 694. Festuca obtusiflora, Willd.; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 356. Froripa; Texas; New Mexico.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1079) ; Sours Mexico, Mirador (Schaffner), Guadalupe, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 533), San Felipe de Agua, Oaxaca (Liebmann), El Pefion, valley of Mexico, between 6000 and 7000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). Hb. Kew. 2. Diplachne fascicularis, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 80, t. 16. fig. 9; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 148. Festuca fascicularis, Lam. Ill. i. p. 189. Leptochloa polystachya, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 91, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 271. Leptochloa fascicularis, A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 623. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 4d 570 GRAMINEZ. RuHopE IsLanD and ILLiInois southward.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Schaffner, 1048); SourH Muxico, Mirador (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 3. Diplachne patens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 148. SovurH Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 80. SCLEROPOGON. Scleropogon, Philippi in Sert. Mendoc. ii. p. 47; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1177. Apparently monotypical, though Bentham and Hooker give the number of species as four: one “ Chilian ” and the rest Mexican. 1. Scleropogon brevifolius, Philippi in Sert. Mendoc. ii. 1871, p.47. (Tab. CI.) Tricuspis monstra, Munro; Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. Mex. p. 56. Lesourdia karwinskyana et L. multiflora, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. 1880, p. 102, tt. 3 et 4, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. pp. 188 et 134. Scleropogon karwinskianus, < Benth.” ; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. p. 181. New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi and Morales (Schaffner, 1005, 1006), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 925, 949); Sovrn Mexico, Tampico (herd. Uzac), cafion de las Minas (Karwinski).—Mznpoza. Hb. Kew. After comparing the Mendoza specimen with the Mexican we are convinced that they are of the same species, and the late General Munro identified Parry and Palmer’s specimens with an authentic one from Dr. Philippi. As to the specimens from the ‘Texano-Mexican region, neither Munro nor Watson recognized more than one species. EXPLANATION OF TAB. CI. Fig. 1, portion of a female spikelet with the awns cut off; 2, pale and pistil; 3, pale; 4, ovary; 5, a male flower; 6, stamens and lodicules; 7, one of the lodicules: all the figures more or less enlarged. 81. CALAMOCHLOA. Calamochloa, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxiv. p. 178; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1178. A monotype. Mr. Bentham failed to identify this genus from Fournier’s description, and we have been equally unsuccessful; but judging from the locality recorded, we think it probable that it may have been described before. 1. Calamochloa filifolia, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxiv. p. 178, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 102. NortH Muxtco, San Luis Potosi (Verlet @ Aust). 82. GYNERIUM. Gynertum, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. ii. p. 112; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1178. An exclusively American genus of three species, inhabiting the warmer regions. GRAMINEZ. d71 _ 1, @ynerium saccharoides, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Avquin. ii. p. 112, t. 115: Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 50; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 103. Arundo saccharoides, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 530. Gyneria sagittata, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 138. Arundo sagittata, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 102. Saccharum sagittatum, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 50. South Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Jicaltepec (Karwinsk), Pital (Liebmann) ; Nicaragua (Lévy); Panama, Rio Grande swamp (S. Hayes, 82).— CoLomBia to GUIANA and Braziu, and in the West Inpies. Hb. Kew. . . 83. ARUNDO. Arundo, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 93, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1179. Of this genus about seven species are known, one (or two very closely allied) of which is very widely diffused in the Mediterranean region, India, and the warmer parts of America; one is peculiar to the Mediterranean region; one inhabits India, the Malayan Archipelago, and Madagascar ; two (or varieties of one) are endemic in New Zealand, and two or three in Andine and Antarctic America. \ 1. Arundo donax, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p.81; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 47, t. 13; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 530; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 104; Vasey, Grasses U. S. p. 36. Donaz arundinaceus, Beauv. Agrostogr. t. 16. fig. 4. Norra Mexico, Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1345); Sourn Mexico, San Juan de Ulloa and Sacrificios, Vera Cruz (Gouin)—West Inpizs; Sournh America; MEpITER- RANEAN REGION to Cuina and Japan. Hb. Kew. Vasey records this grass from “river banks, Mexican border,” without further remark; but both Grisebach and Déll question its being indigenous in America. 84. PHRAGMITES. Phragmites, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 134, pro parte; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1179. Species two, very widely diffused in the temperate and subtropical regions of both hemispheres; rarer within the tropics. 1. Phragmites communis, Trin. Fund. Agrostogr. p. 134; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 251; Vasey, Grasses U.S. p. 36. Arundo phragmites, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 81. Phragmites berlandieri, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxiv. p. 178, et Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 108. This is perhaps the most widely diffused of the larger reed-grasses, and is common in MExico and Central AMERICA. 4d2 572 GRAMINEZ. [Phragmites martinicensis, Trin., syn. Arundo occidentalis, Sieb., a variety of P. com- munis, or a closely allied species, is recorded by Grisebach (Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 530) from Mexico. | 85. MONANTHOCHLOE. Monanthochloe, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, 1857, p. 436; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1180. A monotype. 1. Monanthochloe littoralis, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. St. Louis, 1859, p. 436, tt. 13 et 14; Vasey, Grasses U.S. p. 36. Fioripa ; Texas; Sour Catirornta.—Norru MExico, region of Matamoras (Berlan- dier, 3227). Hb. Kew. It is a little uncertain whether this remarkable littoral grass has been collected in Mexico proper; but we include it, as Matamoras itself is south of the Rio Grande. [Munroa squarrosa, Torr. (Bot. Whipple’s Exped. p. 102, errore Monroa), found in Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado, is another very distinct and remarkable grass which may be expected to occur within our northern limits. ] 86. DISSANTHELIUM. Dissanthelium, Trin. in Linnea, x. p. 8305; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1185. Two or three species, inhabiting Andine America from Bolivia to California. 1. Dissanthelium sclerochloides, Fourn. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 112. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Souru Mextco, Nevada de Toluca (Hahn).—Cui.. 87. ERAGROSTIS. Eragrostis, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 70, t. 14. fig. 11; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1186. This genus comprises about 100 species, very widely spread in tropical and temperate regions ; two or three of them are almost everywhere in the warm regions. In this, as in many other genera, Fournier has made a number of new species, which we have not seen. 1. Eragrostis acutifiora, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 501; Doll in Mart. FI. Bras. ii. 8, p. 145; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 225. Poa acutiflora, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 161. Megastachya acutiflora, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 588. Panama, near the city of Panama (Seemann, 119).—CotomBia to Brazin. Hb. Kew. 2. Kragrostis amoena, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 275; Steud. Gram. p. 277? Poa henkei, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 348 ? Megastachya amena, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 118. GRAMINEA, 573 SourH Mexico, Potrero de San Sebastian (Liebmann), El Estero (Schiede), Cordova (Bourgeau). 3. Eragrostis capillaris, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 505; Steud. Gram. p. 278 ; _ A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 632; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 139 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 114. Poa capillaris, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 68, ed. 2. p. 100. Eragrostis lugens, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 9). Vireinia? and Iuurnors southward.—Mexico and CENTRAL AMERICA, common.— CotomsBia to Braziu and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 4. Eragrostis caudata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 115. Mexico, without locality (Berlandier, 2345), Consoquitla (Liebmann). 5. Eragrostis ciliaris, Link, Hortus Berol. i. p. 192; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 532; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. S. p. 563. Poa ciliaris, Linn. in Elmgren, Pl. Jam. Pug. p. 13; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 102; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 162; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 38; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. Sourn Carouina to Fioripa and Trexas.—Mexico to Panama, common.—TROPICAL Sour AmeERiIcA; GALAPAGOS; West Inpies; Troprcan Arrica and Asia. Hb. Kew. 6. Eragrostis excelsa, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 227; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 117. Sour Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin).—CuBa. [Lragrostris fendleriana, Steud. (Gram. p. 278), a New Mexican grass, is erroneously recorded from Mexico.] 7. Eragrostis glumacea, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 117, cum var. paucifiora. | 7 Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gouin). 8. Eragrostis hirta, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 115. Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust). 9. Eragrostis limbata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 116, varietates « et /. Eragrostis tephrosanthos, Steud. Gram. p. 278, partim ex Fourn. Norts Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); SourH Mexico, Santa Fé, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 227, 437, 1305), Orizaba (Botteri, 1270; Bourgeau, 2635), Vera Cruz (Gouin). Hb. Kew. In a broad sense this is a form of LE. powoides. 10. Eragrostis lugens, Nees, fide S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182. Texas to Arizona.—Norru Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 938 ; Schaff- ner, 1026). Braziu. Doll (Mart. Fl. Bras. 11. 3, p. 141) has the following observations on this species and 574 GRAMINEZ. its nearest allies :—** Poa hirsuta, Michaux, imprimis culmo robustiore, panicula am- pliore atque spiculis majoribus, 5-12-floris differt. Ceterum ragrostis hirsuta, E. polytricha, et E. lugens, maxime sibi affines.” 11. Eragrostis maxima, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 114. Sourh Mexico, San Juan de Ulloa, Vera Cruz (Gouin), San Augustin, Oaxaca (Liebmann).—Sawn Domineo. “Differt ab E. domingensi, Steud. Gram. p. 278, foliis non late linearibus scabrius- culis, sed angustis glabris” (Fournier). 12. Eragrostis maypurensis, Steud. Gram. p. 276; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ll. 3, p. 153. Eragrostis panamensis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 277. Poa maypurensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 161; Kunth, Revis. Gram. t. 183. Megastachya panamensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. n. 118. Festuca pilosa, Willd. in Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1. p. 356. Sovra Mexico, Gualulu (Liebmann); Panama (Henke).—Nortu Braziu. 13. Eragrostis mexicana, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 190; Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 503; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 143; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 114. Poa mexicana, Lag. Elench. p. 3; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 38. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe), Rio Blanco, near Orizaba (Schaffner), Mexico (Bourgeau, 1031).—Gutana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. This species is very variously limited by different authors. Nees refers to it Poa polymorpha, R. Br., a very common Old-World species, and Poa patula, H. B. K., an Andine species; while Trinius reduces Eragrostis mexicana, Link, to £. pilosa, Beauv. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182) refers a number of specimens from North Mexico and New Mexico to this species. 14, Eragrostis montufari, Steud. Gram. p. 275; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., - Gram. p. 117. | Poa montufari, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 159. Megastachya montufari, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 586. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d Aoust).—Soutn Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner), Vera Cruz (Gouin), without locality (Humboldt & Bonpland).—Ecuapor. [Megastachya panicoides, Presl (Relig. Henk. i. p. 283), Poa panicoides, Kunth (Enum. Pl. i. p. 343), from Acapulco, has not been identified. ] 15. Eragrostis oxylepis, Torr. in Rep. Bot. Whipple’s Exped. p. 156; Vasey, Grasses U. S. p. 38. Poa oxylepis, Torr. in Marcy’s Rep. p. 301, t. 19 (P. interrupta in tab.). Megasiachya oxylepis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 118, cum £. capitata. Eragrostis vere-crucis, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 9). GRAMINEA, 575 Texas; ArKANsas; New Mexico.—Soutu Mexico, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 5705; Gouin, 87), La Galera (Liebmann). 16. Eragrostis palmeri, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182. NortH Mexico, Juraz on the Sabinas River, Coahuila (Palmer, 13868). Hb. Kew. 17. Eragrostis pauciflora, Trin. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 117. North Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d'Aoust); Soura Mexico, near Orizaba (Schaffner ; Thomas), around Mexico (Berlandier, 843). 18. Eragrostis pectinacea, Steud. Gram. p. 272; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 632; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 114. Eragrostis unionis et U. cognata, Steud. loc. cit. p. 2738. Poa pectinacea, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 69. ) MASSACHUSETTS, OHIO, and ILLINoIs southward.—Soutu Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gowin). 19. Eragrostis pilosa, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 71; D6ll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. p. 141, t. 42; Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. p. 645; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 532; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 117. . This is very widely spread in warm countries of both hemispheres, including Mxxico and Central America. Hb. Kew. Vasey (Grasses U.S. p. 38) treats it as an introduced plant north of Mexico. 20. Eragrostis pooides, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 162, t. 14. fig. 11 ; Déll in Mart. Fl, Bras. ii. 8, p. 149; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 315; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 115. Poa eragrostis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 68. Eragrostis poeformis, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 188. Poa megastachya, Koel. Gram. p. 181; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 158; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 333. Briza eragrostis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 70. Eragrostis megastachya, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 185. Eragrostis major et E. minor, Host.; 8S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. p. 182. Eragrostis flavescens, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 278 ? A very widely dispersed and variable grass, the extreme forms being very different and usually treated as independent species; but we have followed Doll, Watson, and others in regarding them as belonging to one polymorphous species. Mexico and CENTRAL AMERICA, common. Hb. Kew. 21. Eragrostis purshii, Schrad. in Linnea, xii. p. 451; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 632; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 116 (varietates «, 2, ¥> 8). Eragrostis parvula, Steud. Gram. p. 277. Eragrostis tephrosanthos, Steud. 1. c. p. 278, partim ex Fournier. New Jersey to FLoripa and Texas.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust) ; 576 GRAMINEAE. SoutH- Mexico, “ very common,” Fournier (Bourgeau, 445, 2594, 2637 ; Maller, 2125 ; Galeotti, 5824; Berlandier, 147, 621, 755); Nicaracua (Lévy). 22. Eragrostis reptans, Nees, Agrostol. Bras. p. 514; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 9); A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p.631; 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 314, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 181; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 148; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 532. Poa reptans, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 69, t. 11; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 156. Poa hypnoides, Lam. Ill. i. p. 185. Megastachya reptans et M. hypnoides, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 74; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p- 119. Canaba southward through Mexico and Cenrra, America to Braziuand in the West INDIES, very common. Hb. Kew. Closely allied to this species, and perhaps referable to it (some of them at least), are— Megastachya gowint, M. corymbifera, M. breviflora, and M. fasciculata, Fournier (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. pp. 119 et 120), none of which we have seen. [Eragrostis secundiflora, Presl (Reliq. Henk. i. p. 276); Eragrostis simplicifiora, Steud. (Gram. p. 178), syn. Megastachya simpliciflora, Presl (Reliq. Henk. i. p. 283) ; Eragrostis uninervia, Steud. (Gram. p. 278), syn. Megastachya uminervia, Presl (Relig. Hank. i. p. 283); and Eragrostis virescens, Presl (loc. cit. p. 277), are all obscure plants. | 23. Eragrostis virletii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 116. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust). 88. ORTHOCLADA. Orthoclada, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 69, t. 14. fig. 9; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1190. A monotype. 1. Ortheclada rariflora, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 70; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 35 p- 117, t. 35. Panicum rariflorum, Lam. Encycl. iv. p. 746. Orthoclada lava, Kunth, Revis. Gram. t. 71; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 5381; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 123. Poa rariflora et P. subumbellaia, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 570. SourH Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 952); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 380), Empire Station (8. Hayes, 479)—Prru; Guiana; Braziu; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 89. ZEUGITES. Zeugites, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 810; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1191. An exclusively Tropical American genus of about six species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies to Colombia. GRAMINEA. 5717 1. Zeugites galeottiana, Hemsl. Krombholzia mexicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 21); Fourn, Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 122. . Souto Mexico, on the banks of the river which waters the town of Sola in Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5751). 2. Zeugites hartwegi, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 121. Despretzia mexicana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 82, non Kunth. Guatemata, Santa Maria (Hartweg, 569). Hb. Kew. 8. Zeugites latifolia, Hemsl. Krombhoizia latifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 122. Sourn Mexico, near Talea, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Dolores (Liebmann). Hb. Kew, The plant in the Kew herbarium, which we have referred to this species, is not from the locality recorded by Fournier; but it agrees quite well with the description. 4, Zeugites mexicana, Trin. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 121. Despretzia mexicana, Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. p. 485, t. 157, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 40., Zeugites americana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 21), non Willd. Panicum schiederi, Spreng. ex Steud. Gram. p. 411. South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 5695), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1694), Orizaba (Miller, 2020; Schaffner), without locality (Schiede & Deppe). Hb. Kew. 5. Zeugites munroana, Hemsl., n.sp. (Tab. CII. A. figg. 1-4.) Herba perennis, glabra vel glabrescens, ramosa, ramis gracilibus nitidis adscendentibus pedalibus vel ultra. Folia longiuscule graciliterque petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, usque ad 2 poll. longa, acuta, basi rotundata, conspicue 5-7-nervia, venis transversis nunc conspicuis nunc fere obliteratis ; vaginee usque ad basin fisse, obscure ciliolate, ligula brevi rotundata. Panicule 5-10- rarius usque ad 15-spiculate ; spicule sepissime 5-flore, sed interdum 4-flore interdum 6-flore ; flores confertiusculi, inferior tantum femineus. Glume exteriores insigniter reticu- late, ciliate, inferior 7-nervia, 5-dentata, superior 5-nervia, 3-dentata. Floris feminet gluma nervoso-reticulata, apice late rotundata, valde ciliata; palea angustissima, bifida; styli a basi liberis ; stigmata elongata, plumosa. Florum masculinorum glume elongate, acuminate, parce ciliate. GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Agua (Salvin & Godman, 345), ridge above Calderas, Volcan de Fuego 8300 feet (Salvin). Hb. Kew. Since figuring and describing this, we have again examined the species of Zeugites in the Kew herbarium, and we now think that our Z. munroana may be only a variety of Z. hartwegi, Fourn. EXPLANATION OF TAB. CII. A. Fiee. 1-4. Fig. 1, a spikelet ; 2, a male flower; 3, a female flower ; 4, a pistil: all very much enlarged. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. ITI.. December 1885. 4¢@ 578 GRAMINEA. 90. UNIOLA. Uniola, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 85; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1192. Bentham and Hooker record the number of “ genuine species” as four, all of which inhabit North America, and one of them extends to South America. Besides these, there is the very distinct West-Indian U. racemifiora, Trin. 1. Uniola paniculata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 71; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 420 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 531; Nees in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 225; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 122. Briza caroliniana, Lam. Ill. i. p. 187, t. 45. fig. 3. Vireinia to Frorma. Puerto de Santa Cruz on the Pacific, Oaxaca (Liebmann) ; Panama (Seemann).—Cotompia to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. Uniola effusa, U. miilleri, and U. lugens, Fournier (Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. pp. 122 et 123), we have been unable to identify, not having corresponding numbers of the different collections cited. Bentham (Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. xix. p. 122) doubts their being congeners of U. paniculata. 91. DISTICHLIS. Distichlis, Rafin. in Journ. Phys. Ixxxix. p. 104; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1193. There are four or five species “or very distinct varieties” (Bentham) inhabiting North America and Andine and Extra-tropical South America; one of them is also found in maritime districts of Australia. The Mexican specimens in the Kew herbarium . seem to represent three species, and we follow Fournier for their distribution, but with great doubts as to the limits of the species, which need a careful comparison with the North-American forms. 1. Distichlis condensata, Hemsl. Brizopyrum condensatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 121. _ Poa condensata, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 344. Megastachya condensata, Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 284. SovtH Mexico, Puerto de Santa Cruz, on the Pacific (Liebmann), Pochutla, Laguna, and Zapatango (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Distichlis prostrata, Desv. in Gay, Fl. Chil. vi. p. 398. Poa prostrata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 157; Kunth, Revis. Gram. ii. p- 461, t. 144, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 826. Uniola prostrata, Trin. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. 1838, Suppl. p- 55; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 8). | Megastachya prostrata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 590. Brizopyrum prostratum, Benth. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 120, cum varietatibus 6 et y. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sour MExtco, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 223), Orizaba (Liebmaun), Tehuacan de las Granadas, Puebla at 5500 feet (Galeotti, 5746).—Venezvueva to Cutt. Hb. Kew. GRAMINE, | 579 3. Distichlis thalassica, Desv. in Gay, Fl. Chil. vi. p. 397. Brizopyrum pilosum, Presl, Reliq. Haenk. i. p. 280; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 120. Brizopyrum obtusiflorum, Fourn. loc. cit. ? Poa presilei, Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 826. Poa thalassica, Kunth, loc. cit. ? Uniola pungens, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 8), excl. synon. fide Fournieri. South Mexico, Juquila, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5755), San Augustin (Liebmann), Santa Cruz (Liebmann).—Cutut. Hb. Kew. 92. BRIZA. Briza, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 84; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p- 1194. About ten species, inhabiting Europe, North Africa, Temperate Asia, and South and Central America. Two or three of the European species are now widely colonized. 1. Briza rotundata, Steud. Gram. p. 284; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182. Bromus rotundatus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 152. Chascolyirum rotundatum, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 121, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 378; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 112. Calotheca rotundata, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 632. Chascolytrum subaristatum, Desv. in Journ. de Bot. it. p.71; Kunth, Revis. Gram. 1. p. 347, t. 87, et Enum. Pl. i. p. 873, cum syn.; D6ll in Mart. Fl. Bras. 11. 3, p. 134. Briza hamarkiana, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 39. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1035; Parry & Palmer, 935); Souta Mexico, Borrego, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2750), Real del Monte 7000 feet (Galeotti, 5831), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann).—Boutvia; ARGENTINA; CHILI; BRraziu; Urvevuay. Hb. Kew. 93. POA. Poa, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 83; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 1196. This large genus is generally diffused, though comparatively rare in the warmer regions. Upwards of 200 species have been published, but there are probably less than 100 distinct ones. | 1. Poa annua, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i. p.68; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 629; Doll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 121; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182, et Bot. Calif. ii. p. 311. Norta Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1365), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 1032); Sourn Mexico, Ciudad Real, Chiapas (Linden, 1354). Hb. Kew. This grass is now almost everywhere in temperate and subtropical regions; but it is impossible to decide whether it is really indigenous in the New World. Gray states that it is everywhere in cultivated and waste ground, but doubtfully indigenous. Chapman marks it as introduced in the Southern States; while Watson says: “No 4¢2 580 GRAMINEZ. doubt introduced on the coast, but apparently indigenous in Arizona, New Mexico, Western Texas, &c.” D6ll includes it in the ‘ Flora Brasiliensis ’ without comment. 2. Poa bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. SovtH Mexico, San Angel in cultivated ground (Bourgeau, 225). 3. Poa conglomerata, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 9); Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 8; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. South Mexico, Toluca 8800 feet (Heller), peak of Orizaba at 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 5776), near Tacubaya and at San Augustin de las Cuevas (Schaffner). 4, Poa depauperata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 162; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 855; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. Poa pauciflora, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 549. Deyeuxia capillaris, Clar. ex Fourn. Mexico (in herb. mus, Par. ex Fourn.).—EcvuabDor, Quito. 5. Poa infirma, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 158; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 349; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 693; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. Poa annua, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 38, non Linn. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); South Mexico, Alpine regions (Schiede & Deppe), Orizaba (Miller, 2094), Popocatepetl 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 5828). It is doubtful whether this is specifically distinct from P. annua. Fournier cites a specimen collected by Linden at Ciudad Real (see above) as belonging here, and it is probably the same referred to P. annua in the Kew herbarium, but we are unable to find the specimen for comparison. 6. Poa ruprechtii, Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 6; S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 182; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 113. NortH MExIco, mountains east of Saltillo (Palmer, 1366); Sour Mexico, Cocustepec near Toluca 8800 feet (Heller), Santa Fé near Mexico (Bourgeau, 670), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 5884). Hb. Kew. 7. Poa subuniflora, Steud. Gram. p. 257; Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. pp. 115 et 339, t. 83, et Enum, Pl, i. p. 354. Deyeuxia? poeformis, H. B. K, Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 146. Souta Mexico, Volcan de Jorullo at 3000 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 94. GRAPHEPHORUM. Graphephorum, Desv. in Nouv. Bull. Soc. Philom. ii. (1810), p. 189, et in Journ. de Bot. i. (1813), p- 71; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1197. A genus of about eight species, inhabiting North America, Asia, and Europe. 1. Graphephorum altijugum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 111. SourH Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 12,000 to 14,000 feet (Liebman). We have not seen this plant, which Fournier states is allied to G. psilosantha. GRAMINER. 581 95. GLYCERIA. Glyceria, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 179; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1197. About thirty species, widely spread in both north and south temperate regions ; rare in the tropics. 1. Glyceria fluitans, R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 179; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 627; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 307; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 148. CanaDa, southward.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@Aoust), Barranca near Tizapan, valley of Mexico (Bourgeaw).—Evrope; Asta; AFRICA; AUSTRALIA. We have seen no Mexican specimens of this common water-grass. 96. FESTUCA. Festuca, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 88; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1198. This genus almost covers the whole area of the Order and is numerous in species, _ though the upwards of 230 described by various authors might, in the opinion of the authors of the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ be reduced to something like eighty. 1. Festuca xquipaleata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 125. SoutH Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 14,000 feet (Liebmann). “ Differt a /’. tolucensi foliis retrorsum scabris, paleis equalibus, inferiore breviter mucronata, superiore profunde bifida.”— Fournier. 2. Festuca amplissima, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 125. SourH Mexico, Vagueria del Jacal, peak of Orizaba at 10,000 feet (Galeotti, 5776 ; Liebmann), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 1307), Cafiada (Bilimek). Hb. Kew. 3. Festuca fournieriana, Hemsl. Gouinia polygama, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 103, cum var. majore. Fioripa.—Soutn Mexico, Vera Cruz (Gowin), sea-shore at San Augustin, on the Pacific, Oaxaca (Liebmann), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. We have seen no Floridan specimens of this plant, which may, however, have already been described under or referred to Festuca. 4. Festuca fratercula, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 124. SoutH Mexico, peak of Orizaba 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 5778), Cumbre de Estapa (Liebmann). 5. Festuca hephestophila, Nees in Steud. Gram. p. 310; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enun., Gram. p. 124. Festuca tolucensis, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10). Festuca, sp. n., Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 629. 582 GRAMINEZ. South Mexico, without locality (Hahn), peak of Orizaba 12,500 feet (Galeotti, 5770); Guatemata, Volcan de Agua (Hartweg, 629). Hb. Kew. 6. Festuca liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 124. South Mexico, without locality (Liebmann). 7. Festuca livida, Willd. in Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 353; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 8399; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 9. (Tab. CII. B. figg. 5-8.) Bromus lividus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 150, et vii. t. 689; Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10); Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, vi. p. 38. Schenodorus lividus, Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 707. Festuca grandifiora, Steud. Gram. p. 311. Helleria livida, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 129. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba 13,000 to 13,500 feet, “the last phenogamous plant” (Linden, 93), at 13,000 feet “limits of vegetation” (Galeotti, 5768), without locality (Hahn). Hb. Kew. | We took this very remarkable grass for an undescribed species, but the late Mr. Bentham suggested that it might be the Bromus lividus, badly figured by H. B. K., and Dr. Parry, who has since compared our plant with authentic specimens in the Paris herbarium, confirms this view. EXPLANATION OF TAB. CII. B. Fice. 5-8. Fig. 5, a spikelet; 6, one floret with a portion of the rhachis; 7, a floret with the pale removed ; 8, stamens and pistil: all enlarged. 8, Festuca muralis, Kunth, Syn. Pl. Orb. Nov. i. p. 218; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vii. t. 691; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 123, cum . pumila. Vulpia muralis, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 694. Festuca myurus, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 155, excel. syn., non Linn. Sout Mexico, Montezuma, near Cuantepec (Bourgeau, 1158), Chinantla (Liebmann), without locality (Schaffner).—Quito. Hb. Kew. 9. Festuca orgyalis, Willd. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 124. Diplachne procera, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 351. Festuta procera, var. mexicana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10). . SoutH Mexico, without locality (Humboldt & Bonpland). 10. Festuca tolucensis, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 153; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 399; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 124. Diplachne tolucensis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 351. Festuca multiculmis, Steud. Gram. p. 811. Sours Mexico, Toluca 14,000 feet (Heller), between Islahuaca and Toluca 8280 feet (Humboldt & Bonpland), Vaqueria del Jacale 10,000 feet (Liebmann), Orizaba at 14,000 feet (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. GRAMINEA. | 583 11. Festuca willdenowiana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 124. Festuca mexicana, Willd. ex Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. p. 356, non Roem. et Schult. ex Fourn. MExico, without locality (Schaffner). 12. Festuca, sp. GUATEMALA, pine-forest, Volcan de Fuego 12,000 feet (Salvin & Godman). Hb. Kew. 97. BROMUS. | Bromus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 89; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1200. Species about forty, widely dispersed in the north temperate regions, and a few in extratropical South America; rarer in mountainous regions within the ‘Tropics. 1. Bromus anomalus, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 10); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 126. Soutu Mexico, Real del Monte, and Cerro de San Felipe, Oaxaca, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5815, 5757), Chinantla (Liebmann). 2. Bromus ciliatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 76; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 635; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 320, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 10. | Bromus hookeri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 127, cum varietatibus omnibus. Bromus purgans, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 76; Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 119. Bromus canadensis, Michx. F\. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 65. Bromus pubescens, Muehl. Calam. p. 169; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 417. Bromus marginatus, Steud. Gram. p. 322, ex Fourn. Bromus segetum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnza, vi. p. 38, non H. B. K. Bromus pendulinus, Sessé in Lag. Elench. p. 4; Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. p. 644; Peyr. in Linnea, xxx. p. 10. Festuca pendulina, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1. p. 356. Bromus compressus, Lag. Elench. p. 4. Canapa to Texas, New Mexico, and CaLiForNia, but apparently not in the south- eastern States.—Nortu and Souta Mexico, common in the temperate regions. Hb. Kew. Fournier publishes the new name B. hookeri for the aggregate of this variable species ; but the North-American botanists have long accepted B. ciliatus, Linn., as understood by the former. 3. Bromus exaltatus, Bernh. in Linnea, xv. Literat. Ber. p. 90; Fourn. Mex. PL. Enum., Gram. p. 126, cum var. p. Bromus subalpinus, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p..11). Norts Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); South Mexico, peak of Orizaba, along rivulets in pine- and oak-woods, 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Galeotti, 5769; Liebmann). Hb. Kew. - [Bromus setifolius, Pres] (Reliq. Henk. i. p. 261), and Bromus virgatus, Presl (loc. cit. p. 263), are recorded as doubtfully Mexican. ] 584 | GRAMINEZ. 4, Bromus unioloides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 151; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 694; Déll in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 3, p. 110. Festuca unioloides, Willd. Hort. Berol. i. p. 8, t. 8. Bromus willdenowii, Kunth, Revis. Gram. i. p. 134. Ceratochloa unioloides, Beauv. Agrostogr. P- 148 (in indice); Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 126. Texas to ARIzoNA.—MeExico, without locality (Aschenborn).—Prru ; Braziu; CHILI. 98. BRACHYPODIUM. Brachypodium, Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 100, pro parte, t. 19. fig. 3; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1201. Bentham and Hooker estimate the number of species at five or six :—‘‘ Kurope et Asize temperate vel montane incole, quarum 1 vel 2 etiam in Africa Tropica et Australi Colombia et Mexico obvie,” from which it may be inferred that Bentham did not regard Fournier’s Mexican species as distinct. ‘The material, however, is too imperfect for us to decide the question, therefore Fournier’s species are enumerated on their merits. 1. Brachypodium latifolium, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 125. South Mexico, without locality (Liebmann). 2. Brachypodium mexicanum, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 41; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 125. Festuca mexicana, Rew. et Schult. Syst. Veg. i. p. 782. Festuca scabra, Lag. Elench. p. 4. Triticum scaberrimum, Tausch. in Flora, 1837, p. 118. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust) ; Sourh Mexico, Chapultepec and Tacubaya (Schaffner), Chinantla, San Felipe, Cumbre de Estepa (Liebmann). Ub. Kew. 3. Brachypodium subulatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 125. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba 12,000 to 14,000 feet, Chinantla, between San Andres and San Miguel, and Cumbre de Istepec (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. In addition to the foregoing, S. Watson (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183) refers a specimen collected by Schaffner at San Luis Potosi to B. cwspitosum, Roem. et Schult., which is usually regarded as a variety of the common B. pinnatum. Tribe XII. HORDE. . Hordee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1093. There are twelve genera in this Tribe, and about eight species . scattered over most temperate regions; rare in the tropics, and a few extending to the Arctic regions, Four of the genera are monotypic. Loliwm perenne, Linn., and Lolium temulentum, Linn., are members of this Tribe colonized in Mexico. GRAMINEZ. 585. 99. AGROPYRUM. Agropyrum, J. Gertn. ex Beauv. Agrostogr. p. 101, t. 20. figg. 1 et 2; Benth. et Hook. Gen.. Plant. iii. p. 1202. About twenty species widely dispersed in the temperate regions of both hemispheres. 1. Agropyrum pilosum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 267; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.,. Gram. p. 149. Triticum pilosum, Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 442. Souta Mexico, Acapulco (Henke), La Miquiguana (Harwinski). 100. HORDEUM. Hordeum, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 98; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1206. This genus comprises about twelve species, which inhabit Europe, North Africa, Temperate Asia, and Extratropical North and South America. 1. Hordeum adscendens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 180; Kunth, Enum. Pl. i. p. 456; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 149. Sovta Mexico, in the valley of Mexico, between Chapultepec and Carpio at 7000: feet (Humboldt & Bonpland). 2. Hordeum jubatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 85; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 638; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 325; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 149. CanaDa, southward to Texas and Catirornia, but apparently not in the south-eastern States.—Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sourh Mexico, Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 219 ; Schaffner), Orizaba (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 101. ELYMUS. Elymus, Linn. Gen. Plant. n. 96; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1206. About twenty species, inhabiting temperate Europe and Asia, and North and South America. 1. Elymus mexicanus, Cav. Elench. 1803, p. 14; Jacq. Kclog. Gram. t. 19; Steud. Gram. p. 350; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 149, MEXICco. This is an obscure species, reduced to E. sabulosus, Bieb., an eastern species, in Kunth, Enum. PI. i. p. 401. 2. Elymus sitanion, Schult. Mant. i. p. 426; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 327; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 149. _ Oricon and Minnesota, southward to Texas and CaLirornia.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Cafion de las Minas and Victoria (Kar- winskt). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 4f 586 GRAMINEZ. 3. Elymus virginicus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 84; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U. S. ed. 5, p. 639; Chapm. Fl. Southern U. S. p. 567; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 149. CanaDa to Fiorma and Texas.—SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Thomas ; Miller, 2080; Bourgeau, 3142; Schaffner). Hb. Kew. Tribe XIII. BAMBUSEA. Bambusee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. pp. 1076 et 1094. This Tribe is almost wholly tropical and subtropical; its coldest limits being in China, Japan, Illinois, the Andes and Juan Fernandez. Only one member of the tribe is at present known to be indigenous in the whole of Africa, and no species is described in Bentham’s ‘ Flora Australiensis,’ but more recently, according to Miller (Fragm. Austr. vi. p. 85, and xi. p. 129), flowerless specimens of three species have been collected in Queensland and North Australia. Only one (or two) species of the Bam- busee occurs in America, north of Mexico. There are twenty-two genera, comprising about seventy-five species. 102. ARUNDINARIA. Arundinaria, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. p. 73; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1207. A genus of about twenty-four species, inhabiting tropical and subtropical America and Asia, reaching Maryland and Illinois in the former, and Japan in the latter. 1. Arundinaria acuminata, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 15; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 131. South Mexico, Vera Cruz and Xalcomulco (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 2. Arundinaria longifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 131. Sovta Mexico, Jicaltepec and Pital (Liebmann), Jicaltepec (Karwinski). 103. ARTHROSTYLIDIUM. Arthrostylidium, Rupr. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. sér. 6, v. p. 117, tt. 8-5; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ui. p. 1208. An exclusively Tropical American genus of twelve described species. 1. Arthrostylidium racemiflorum, Steud. Gram. p. 336; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 44. Merostachys racemiflora, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 131. SovutH Mxxico, without locality (Ghiesbreght), Potrero (Hahn), Mirador, Zacuapan, and Dos Puentes (iebmann).—VeEnEzuELA. Hb. Kew. 104. CHUSQUEA. Chusquea, Kunth, Syn. Pl. Orb. Nov. i. p. 254; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1209. An exclusively American genus of about thirty species, ranging from Mexico and the West Indies, through the Andes to Chili and Juan Fernandez. GRAMINEA, 58F 1. Chusquea bilimeki, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 132. Souta Mexico, valley of Mexico (Bilimek). 2. Chusquea carinata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 132. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Miiller, 650). 3. Chusquea galeottiana, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Brux. ix. (reprint, p. 20); Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 57; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 132. Sours Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca 8000 feet (Galeotti, 5749). Hb. Kew. 4, Chusquea liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 132. _ Sourn Mexico, between San Miguel del Puente and Sadani, Oaxaca (Liebmann). This species seems to have been founded on very scanty material, for the author does not describe it, merely observing : “ Differt a C. miilleri et C. spinosa foliis ovali-elon- gatis, non lineari-lanceolatis, a C. galeottiana et C. carinata ramulis gyracilioribus, Ligule parve, apice obtuse, vagine subteretes supra cum mesoneuro pilis parvis raris sparse.” 5. Chusquea miilleri, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 65; Fourn. Mex Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 132. Sour Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 2024), Aserradero de la Cruz (Schaffner), peak of Orizaba (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 6. Chusquea simplicifolia, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 54, t. 2. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 441, 553); Panama, “everywhere” (Seemann, 426), Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 661). Hb. Kew. 7. Chusquea ? spinosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 131. Souta Mexico, between La Galera and Pochutla (Liebmann). Fournier’s description does not go beyond the leaves :—“ Ramis spinosis ex nodo paucis, longis, foliis linearibus 3" longis, mesoneuro infra piloso, marginibus scabris, ligula non prominente, vaginis supra longe ciliatis, ciliis rigidis, merithallis semper brevibus.” 105. GUADUA. Guadua, Kunth, Syn. Pl. Orb. Nov. i. p. 252; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1210. A Tropical American genus of about fifteen species. 1. Guadua aculeata, Rupr. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 130. Sour Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann ; Karwinski), without locality (Schiede & Deppe). 2. Guadua amplexifolia, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 256; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 84; Rupr. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. sér. 6, iii. p. 128, t. 14; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 130. Bambusa amplexifolia, Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1348. Mexico (Henke); Panama, Cruces (Seemann, 425), Chagres (Fendler, 381). — VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 4f2 588 | GRAMINEA. 3. Guadua? flabellata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 131. South Mexico, peak of Orizaba 9000 feet (Liebmann). The whole description is: ‘Ramis flabellatim divergentibus, foliis linearibus longis angustis cum vaginis glabris.” 4, Guadua inermis, Rupr. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 129. Sour Mxxico, Papantla (Karwinski), Colipa (Liebmann). 5. Guadua intermedia, Rupr. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 130. Sourn Mexico, Papantla (Karwinski). 6. Guadua latifolia, Kunth, Syn. Pl. Orb. Nov. i. p. 254, Enum. Pl. i. p. 433, et Suppl. p. 357; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 78; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 130. Bambusa latifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aiquin. i. p. 68, t. 21. Soutn Mexico, eastern side (Karwinski).— VENEZUELA to BRazIL, and in TRINIDAD. 106. BAMBUSA. Bambusa, Schreb. Gen. Plant. p. 286; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iti. p. 1210. There are about twenty-four well-known species, all inhabiting Tropical Asia, and one of them Tropical America. 1. Bambusa vulgaris, Wendl. Collect. Pl. ii. p. 26, t.47; Munro iu Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. p. 106, cum syn. ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 129; Griseb. FI. Brit. W. Ind. p. 528. Sout Mexico, in dense woods, Colipa (Liebmann). Respecting this Munro says: “The native country is still doubtful: it is certainly naturalized in many places; but there is no reliable information as to its being actually indigenous anywhere, either in the East or in the West.” GRAMINEARUM GENERA MEXICANA DUBIA. 1. Pogonopsis tenera, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. Pp. 333, t. 46; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. iii. p. 1096. 2. Pentarrhaphis scabra, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 177, t. 60; Benth. et Hook, loc. cit. 3. Disakisperma mexicana, Steud. Gram. p. 287; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum., Gram. p. 122. | | 4. Chaboissea ligulata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum., Gram. p. 112; Benth. et Hook. loc. cit. FILICES, 089 CRYPTOGAMIA. VASCULARES. Order CLXI. FILICES. With unimportant exceptions, Hooker and Baker’s ‘Synopsis Filicum’ is followed here, both for genera and species; therefore it is convenient to adopt the same classifi- cation. The number of genera retained in the second edition of the work * in question is seventy-six, and the number of distinct species now known is about 3000, spread over nearly the whole face of the earth where vegetation exists. Fournier, who has mono- graphed the Mexican Ferns, takes, like many other pteridologists, a much narrower view of species, thus making a much larger total. The late Sir William Hooker and Mr. Baker’s determinations and limitations of the species have been accepted almost throughout, without any attempt at revision; but the names of many of Fournier's segregate species, as well as some of those of other writers, which are reduced by Mr. Baker, either in the Kew Herbarium, or in the Kew copy of Fournier’s monograph of the Mexican Ferns, are cited in the following enumeration after the collectors’ numbers. An exception to Mr. Baker’s naming are the considerable collections recently made in North-eastern Mexico by Schaffner, and Parry and Palmer, which were not ‘incorporated in the herbarium at the time when we looked through it to extract the localities and other particulars of the species found within our limits. Prof. Eaton, ‘however, has published them, and they are included here; but it should be mentioned that it is probable that some of the same forms may in consequence occur under two names, especially as Fournier includes a collection made by Schaffner in the same region. In the Phanerogamia the rule generally observed with regard to references was to cite the work in which the name given was first published; in the Ferns it has not been deemed necessary to attempt this difficult task. The Ferns of Costa Rica and Nicaragua are still comparatively unknown; from the former country there are only about fifty species in the Kew Herbarium, forty- eight of which were collected by Mr. P. G. Harrison in 1884, and include six novelties. Suborder I. GLEICHENIACEAE. Restricted to Gleichenia and the monotypic Australian Platyzoma. l. GLEICHENIA. -Gleichenia, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 11, et ed. 2, p. 449, t. 1. fig. 2. Twenty-seven species widely spread in warm countries, but most numerous in * The pagination is exactly the same in the first and second editions up to page 448, the additions being given in the form of an appendix. + The numbers of species are taken from the second edition of the ‘ Synopsis Filicum? and will be too low in some instances, as Baker and others have published many species since that was issued, 590 FILICES. Australia and America, and extending southward to Chili and New Zealand, and northward to China and Japan. ~ 1. Gleichenia bancroftii, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 5, t. 4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 12 (sub G. longissima, Bl1.). Mertensia bancroftii, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 807 ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 144; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 187; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 651. Mertensia grandis, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 31. Gleichenia glauca, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 4, t. 3 B, non Swartz; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,” p. 843. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1926) ; SourH Mexico, Mirador (Schaffner), Dos Puentes, between Totutla and Huatusco (iebmann), Azul (Bourgeau, 3152); GuaTEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Cotomsia ; Guiana; Brazit; West INDIEs. Hb. Kew. | In the ‘Synopsis Filicum’ this is united with G. longissima, Blume, and, thus extended, the range of the species includes India, China, Japan, the Malayan archi- pelago, and the Sandwich Islands. | 2. Gleichenia (Mertensia) pectinata, Presl; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 15. Mertensia glaucescens, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 11; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 17; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 146 ; Fourn, Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 137. Mertensia hermanni, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 14, excl. syn. South Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3615), Mirador (Galeotti, 6402), Huitamalco (Liebmann), Tlapacoya (Hahn); Guatemata (Skinner; Godman &. Salvin); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 316), railway cutting (S. Hayes, 176).—Common in ‘TROPICAL SoutH America and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 3. Gleichenia (Mertensia) pubescens, H. B. K.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 13; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 8; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Mertensia immersa, Kaulf.; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 15. Mertensia tomentosa, Swartz, Syn. Fil. p. 164; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 16; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 187. ~ Mertensia furcata, Swartz; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 145. Mertensia palmata, Schaffner ; Fée 9° Mém. Foug. p. 82. Gleichenia mathewsii, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 9; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 188. South Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 73 a), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1450: tomentosa, Swartz), Huitamalco (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght), Huatusco (Schmitz), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3188: palmata, Schaff.), Cordillera of Oaxaca, 7500 feet (Galeotti, 6382: mathewsti, Hook.) ; Guatemana, without locality ( Skinner, mathewsit), Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate ; Seemann, 212; Lévy, 507); Costa Rica (Harrison).—CotomBia to Peru; Guiana and BraZIL, and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 591 4. @leichenia (Mertensia) revoluta, H.B.K.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p.7, t.7 4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 13; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica (Harrison).—Jamaica to Ecuapor and Brazit. Hb. Kew. Species dubie vel non vise. Mertensia gleichenioides, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 144.—Cuapa, Vera Cruz at 2500 to 3000 feet. Gleichenia hermanni, R. Br. ex Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 620.—MExico. Gleichenia nitida et G. tenuis, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 70.—MzExico. Mertensia sartorii, et M. schaffneri, Fée 9° Mém. Foug. pp. 31 et 32.— MEXICO. Suborder II. POLYPODIACEZ. . As understood by Hooker and Baker this includes fifty-seven genera referred to thirteen tribes. Tribe I. CYATHE AL. There are eight genera of this tribe, which consists almost exclusively of arboreous species, inhabiting the tropics and south temperate regions. 2. CYATHEA. Cyathea, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 16, et ed. 2, p. 450, t. 1. fig. 4. Eighty species, mostly inhabiting the torrid zone, one reaching Japan, and several endemic.in New Zealand and South Australia. 1. Cyathea arborea, Sm.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 16; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 1%. Cyathea glauca, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135. - Sovra Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2794).—West Inpies; Brazit. Hb. Kew. 2. Cyathea insignis, Eaton in Mem. Amer. Acad. Sc. n.s. viii. p. 215, ex Baker in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 776; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 17. Cyathea bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135. ‘Cyathea princeps, J. Sm. Ferns Brit. & For. p. 291. SoutH Mzxico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2200); GuatemaLa, Coban and moun- tain forests, Vera Paz (Godman & Salvin, 376).—CoutomBia; Ecuapor; Cupa. Hb. Kew. 3. Cyathea jurgensenii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135, South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &. (Jurgensen, 874). Hb. Kew. 592 FILICES. 4, Cyathea mexicana, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 616; Hook. Sp. Fil. 1. p. 15; Heok. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 20; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 136. | Cyathea articulata et C. hexagona, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 25. Cyathea aurea, Klotzsch in Fée Gen. Fil. p. 852? Cyathea denudans, Kunze ex Hook. et Bak. Sourn Muxico, near Jalapa (Galeotti, 6335), Zacualtipan (Hartweg, 412), Mirador (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1942). Hb. Kew. Fournier records this species from Guiana and Brazil, but there are no specimens in the Kew Herbarium besides those here enumerated. 5. Cyathea schanschin, Mart. Ic. Pl. Bras. p. 77, t. 54; Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 25; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 19; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 136. Cyathea fulua, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 25. Alsophila fulva, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 78, t. 23. Cyathea affinis et C. mexicana, Mart. et Gal. 1. c. p. 80. Cyathea oligocarpa, Kunze, Syn. Pl. Crypt. p. 101. SoutH Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, in pine woods at 6000 feet (Galeotti, 6346, 6347), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2794).—VENEZUELA to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. Var. ? caudice inerma. GuaTEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin). Ub. Kew. 6. Cyathea serra, Willd. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 17; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 17, t.9 4; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 172. North Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Rascon); Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1454).—Braziu; Wust Inpies. Hb. Kew. 3. HEMITELIA. Hemitelia, R. Br. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 27, et ed. 2, p. 454, t. 1. fig. 5. Species thirty, mostly tropical and arboreous; one is peculiar to New Zealand, and one species extends into extratropical South Africa. 1. Hemitelia apiculata, Hook. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 29. Hemistegia willdenowii, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 351; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135. Sourn Mexico, Oaxaca (Jurgensen, 873). Hb. Kew. 2. Hemitelia costaricensis, Mitt. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 159; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 455. Costa Rica and Panama. 3. Hemitelia decurrens, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 134. Hemistegia decurrens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 185. Femistegia lucida et H. elegans, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 25%. Hemistegia elegantissima, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 111. * In the Kew library there is no copy of the original edition of Fée’s ninth Memoir, but it is replaced by a copy of a small lithographed edition, which, judging from Fournier's citations, differs in some particulars. from the original. FILICES. 593: Sourh Mexico, in the primeval woods of Lobani, Chinantla 3000 to 3500 feet (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &c. (Jwrgensen, 915), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6537). —Cvsa; Guiana, ex Fournier. 4. Hemitelia mexicana, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 135. Hemistegia mexicana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 135. Souta Mexico, primeval woods, near Lacoba, Chinantla at 3000 feet (Ziebmann). Neither this, nor the preceding is represented in the Kew Herbarium by authenticated specimens. 5. Hemitelia nigricans, Presl; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 454; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261. Hemitelia obscura, Mett. in Karst. Fl. Columb. ii. t. 197. fig. 2. Nrcaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 465); Panama, Tolé, Veraguas (Seemann, 1120).— CoLoMBIA to Peru. Hb. Kew. 6. Hemitelia petiolata, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 31, t. 16; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 28; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 240. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 417, 421), Taboga (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 7. Hemitelia subincisa, Kunze in Bot. Zeit. 1844, p. 296; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil, p. 27. : GuATEMALA, forest of Vera Paz (Salvin), primeval] woods, Ixcan (Bernoulli & Cario, 271).—Ecuapor ; Peru. Hb. Kew. | Bernoulli and Cario’s specimen of this species exhibits free and anastomosing costal veins in different parts of the same frond, thus combining the characters of two different sections of the genus. | 4, ALSOPHILA. Alsophila, R. Br. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 31, et ed. 2, p. 456, t. 1. fig. 6. _ Ninety arboreous species, chiefly tropical; one extends to Japan, and two are found in extratropical South America; one is peculiar to New Zealand, and about five to Australia. 1. Alsophila armata, Presl; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 35; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p- 40. Alsophila aculeata, Klotzsch ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 184, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. ip. 172. Alsophila myosuroides, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 134. Alsophila aurea, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 109. Alsophila mexicana, Mart. Ic. Pl. Crypt. Bras. p. 70, t. 45; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 38. Alsophila bicrenata, Fourn. loc. cit. Cyathea bicrenata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 137. Norra Mexico, Monterey (Weber), Sierra Madre (Rascon); Soura Mexico, Toton- tepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Mirador (Sartorius), Cordova (Schaffner); GuaTEMALa, BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 4g 594 | FILICES. Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 195); Panama, Mamei (S. Hayes, 389).—Throughout the West Inpres and Tropica, America. Hb. Kew. 2. Alsophila blechnoides, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 35; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 32. Polypodium parkeri, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 232. GuateMaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 405).—TRopicaL Sovurn America and the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 8. Alsophila compta, Mart. Ic. Pl. Crypt. Bras. p. 66, t. 41; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Ful, p. 33; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 133. | Souta Mexico, Tabasco (Linden, 1515).— Braz. Hb. Kew. 4. Alsophila ferox, Presl; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 34; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 41. Alsophila armata, Mart. Ic. Pl. Crypt. Bras. t. 48 non Presl. Panama, Isle de Taboga (Seemann, 967), Chagres (Fendler, 402), near the city of Panama (S. Hayes, 177).—Tropican Sourn America and the West Inprzs. Hb. Kew. 5. Alsophila godmani, Hook. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 36. (Tab. CIIL) GuatemMaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 6. Alsophila infesta, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 42; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 34. GvuATEMALA, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin).—Tropicat Soutn America. Hb. Kew. 7. Alsophila microphylla, Klotzsch; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 86; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261. Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 1475).—VunezveLa. Hb. Kew. 8. Alsophila pruinata, Kaulf.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 38; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 47. Lophosoria pruinata, Presl, Die Gefiss. Crypt. p. 27; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 133 (varietates). Lophosoria discolor, Presl, ex Fourn. Trichosorus glaucescens, T. densus et T. frigidus, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 131-133. Lophosoria frigida, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 184. Polypodium cesium, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 27. Polypodium griseum, Schkuhr, Fil. t. 25. Polypodium pruinatum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1682. Lophosoria warscewiczii, Klotzsch ex Fourn. loc. cit. Sovrn Mexico, Huatusco (Schaffner, var. «, Fourn.), Orizaba (Botteri; Miller, 1480), Jalapa (Galeotti, 6334, var. 8. densa, Fourn.), Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmann, B), ‘Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann: Trichosorus glaucescens, Lieb.), Cerro de Sempoaltepec, 9000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann: T. frigidus, Lieb.), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght) ; Costa Rica, Chontales (Lévy, 1476).—Sourn Ammrica, southward to Curt and J UAN FERNANDEZ and in the West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 595 9. Alsophila salvini, Hook. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 36. (Tab. CIV.) GuateMaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin, 4, B). Hb. Kew. 10. Alsophila schiedeana, Presl; Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 149; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 48; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 33; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 134 (cum B majore). Aspidium equestre, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 30, non Kunze, cfr. Fée, 10° Mém. in App. SourH Mexico, Tlapacoya, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Cordova (Bowrgeau, 1834, 1835), Chiapas, &c. (Ghiesbreght, 365); Guaremata, Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. -_ Tribe IT. DICKSONIEA. Six genera, one of which (Dicksonia) is arboreous. 5. HYPODERRIS. Hypoderris, R. Br. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 46, et ed. 2, p. 460, t. 1. fig. 10. - Besides the following there is one other species which is endemic in Trinidad. 1. Hypoderris seemanni, Prentice in Seem. Journ. Bot. 1869, p. 240; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 460. Hypoderris adnata et H. marginalis, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 260, et in Bot. Zeit. 1873, pp. 8 et 9? Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 206; Lévy). Hb. Kew. 6. WOODSIA. Woodsia, R. Br.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 46, t. 1. fig. 11. Fourteen species, mostly in high mountains and the Arctic regions. Genus not represented in Australasia. 1. Woodsia mollis, J. Sm. in Hook. Gen. Fil. et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p- 342; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 60; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 47; Four. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 132; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188. Woodsia canescens, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 331. Woodsia fragilis, Licbm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 128. Woodsia mexicana, R. Br. in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. i. p. 41 in nota; Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 66, t. 26; Haton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188. Woodsia guatemalensis, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 60, t. 21a. Physematium molle, Kaulf. in Flora, 1829, p. 8341; Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 41, t. 27. ~ Cheilanthes canescens, Kunze, Farrnkyr. i. p. 71. t. 35. Woodsia pusilla, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, p. 829? Nori Mexico, San Rafael mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 957): Soura Muxtco, Pedregal (Bourgeau, 459), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1691), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 5), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 231), peak of Orizaba near Santa Maria, Alpatlahua 492 596 FILICES. (Liebmann : fragilis), Orizaba (Miller, 6 ; Bourgeau, 2788 bis: canescens); GUATEMALA, Motagua valley: (Godman & Salvin), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—CoLomBia to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. Eaton (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188) treats Woodsia mexicana, Fée, as a distinct species, and records it from Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer), and the San Miguelito moun- tains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 927 ; Parry & Palmer, 1000). . 7. DICKSONIA. Dicksonia, L’Hérit.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 49, et ed. 2, p. 460, t. 2. fig. 13. Forty species, about half of them arboreous. The majority of them inhabit Tropical America and Polynesia; one species reaches Canada, and several arboreous species are restricted to extratropical Australia and New Zealand. 1. Dicksonia adiantoides, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 23; Hook. Sp. Fil. 1. p. 75, t. 26 B; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 52. Dicksonia erosa, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 75. Dicksonia dissecta, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 660, non Hook. GuATEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin)—West Inpizs to Brazin and Perv. Hb. Kew. 2. Dicksonia apiifolia, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 77, t. 26c; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 53, vix Swartz. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas ( Ghiesbreght, 356).— Andes of Ecuapor and Pzru. Hb. Kew. 8. Dicksonia cicutaria, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 76; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 53. Dicksonia ordinata, Kaulf, Enum. Fil. p. 226; Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. p. 14, t. 106. Dennstedtia ordinata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 181, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 260. Dicksonia tenera, Pres] ex Hook. Dennsteditia tenera, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 343; Fourn. loc. cit. Dicksonia exaltata, Kunze in Bot. Zeit. viii. p. 59. Dicksonia cornuta, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 227; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 76. Dicksonia distenta, Fee, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 24, ex Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 368), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), Jalapa (Linden, 7), region of Orizaba, Izhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2342: tenera), around Mexico (Schmitz); GuateMaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, without locality (Lévy).— West Inpizs to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. | 4, Dicksonia guatemalensis, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 461. Cibotium guatemalense, Reichb. f. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 152. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 351); Guatemata, Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. _ 5. Dicksonia regalis, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 461. South Mexico (Linden). Cultivated specimens only in the Kew Herbarium. FILICES. 597 6. Dicksonia rubiginosa, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 226; Hook. Sp. Fil. i..p. 79, t. 27.4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 53; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Dicksonia dissecta, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 77. Dicksonia umbrosa, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 110. Dennstedtia rubiginosa, T. Moore, Ind. Fil. p. 307; Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 343 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 131, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 172. Dennstedtia dissecta, Fourn. loc. cit. cum 8. glabrescens. Dicksonia coniifolia, Fourn. loc. cit. non Hook. Dicksonia distenta, Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 145, ex Fourn. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Rascon) ; Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2605, Izhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2343: dissecta), Chiapas, &c. (Ghiesbreght, 367; Linden, 1537), Mirador (Liebmann ; Linden, 76); Guatemata, without locality (Skinner), Coban (Godman & Salvin) ; Costa Rica (Harrison); Cocos Istanp (Hinds).—West InpDIEs to Peru and Brazit; also in Bourson and Mauritius. Hb. Kew. 7. Dicksonia schiedei, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 50. ‘Cibotium schiedei, Ch. et Schl. in Linnza, vi. p. 616; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 80; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 127. Soutn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2278), Barranca de Consoquitla, near Mirador (Liebmann), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6458), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede .& Deppe). Wb. Kew. 8. Dicksonia sellowiana, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 67, t. 228; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 51. Sourn Mexico, Chiapas, &c. (Ghiesbreght, 352, 353); Guatemana, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 9. Dicksonia wendlandi, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 460. Cibotium wendlandi, Mett. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 151. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner; Wendland). Hb. Kew. Species dubie vel non vise. Dicksonia multifida, Swartz; Presl, Reliq. Henk. p. 68.—Mexico. Cibotium horridum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 127. Tribe III. HYMENOPHYLLEA. Three genera, namely Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, and Loxsoma, a singular New Zealand monotype. 8. HYMENOPHYLLUM. Hymenophyllum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 56, et ed. 2, p. 4638, t. 2. fig. 16. Eighty species are described in Hooker & Baker's Synopsis; they are very widely ‘spread in temperate and tropical regions, though absent in large areas. 598 FILICES. 1. Hymenophyllum abruptum, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 88, t. 31; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 57. Hymenophyllum brevifrons, Kunze, Farrnkr. 1. p. 236, t. 96. . Guaremata, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Cvupa; Jamaica, and VENEZUELA to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 2. Hymenophyllum asplenioides, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 87, et Ic. Pl. t. 957; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 57; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 138; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 61. Hymenophyllum macrocarpon et H. baueri, Schaffner ex Fourn. Soura Mexico, Huatusco (Schaffner), Mirador (Sartorius), around Mexico (Schmitz), Barranca de Consoquitla (Miller, 432); Guatemaua, Ixcan (Bernoulli & Cario, 265).— Cusa to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Hymenophyllum axillare, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 111; Hook. et. Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 124; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 58; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 343. South Mzxico, Huatusco (Schaffner); GuatTemMata, Coban (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpizus; VenEzvELA. Hb. Kew. 4. Hymenophyllum brevistipes, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 138; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 61. Sourn Mexico, Tepinapa, Oaxaca, Teotalcingo, Chinantla and San Antonio, Huatusco. (Liebmann).—CuBa ; VENEZUELA. There are no specimens bearing this name in the Kew Herbarium. 5. Hymenophyllum ciliatum, Swartz ; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 88; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 35 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 6; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 62. (Tab. CV., var. splendidum.) Hymenophyllum commutatum et H. schiedeanum, Pres ex Hook. Hymenophylium splendidum, Van den Bosch ex Hook. Hymenophyllum trapezoidale, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 141. Hymenophyllum frazeri, Mett. ex Fourn. loc. cit. p. 63. SoutH Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz), Chinantla, Puebla, and Teotalcingo, Oaxaca. (Liebmann : trapezoidale) ; GuatemaLa, Coban and Chilasco (Godman & Salvin : splen- didum), Coban (Tiirckhetm).—West Inpiss to CHILI and Soutu BraziL; also in AFRICA, Asta, and New Zeauanp. Hb. Kew. 6. Hymenophyllum crispum, H.B.K.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 107; Hook. et. Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 59. Sout Mexico, around Huatusco (Schaffner), around Mexico (Schmitz), Vera Cruz. to Orizaba (Miller, 399, 687).—CoLomBia to PERU and Braz. Hb. Kew. 7. Hymenophyllum flaccidum, Van den Bosch, Syn. p. 400; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 62. FILICES. 599 -Hymenophyllum undulatum, Smith; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 105, et Ic. Pl. t. 964; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 59. _ Hymenophyllum bulnesianum, Schaffner, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 31. South Mexico, Huatusco (Ziebmann), near Mexico (Schaffner).—Jamatca ; PERU. Hb. Kew. Fournier’s conception of this species is quite at variance with Hooker and Baker’s * Synopsis Filicum.’ 8. Hymenophyllum fucoides, Swartz ; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 100; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 963 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 69. Hymenpphyllum pedicellatum, Kunze ex Hook. Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 7), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght) ; GUATEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua (Lévy, 1507)—West Inpizs to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 9. Hymenophyllum hirsutum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 88; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 84; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 63; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 62; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 343. Spherocionium hirsutum, Fée ex Fourn. Spherocionium asterothriz, Fée, 10° Mém. Foug. in App. Souto Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 398 ; Schaffner); Guatemaua, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—In the West InpIEs and southward to Patagonta, also in the Mascarene Istanps. Hb. Kew. 10. Hymenophyllum hirtellum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 90, t. 31D; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 64; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 141. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Liebmann).—Jamatca; GuaDALouPE. Hb. Kew. Fournier refers “ H. hirtellum, Liebm. non Swartz” to H. lineare, Swartz, as also Spherocionium schiedeanum, Presl, H. trapezoidale, Liebm. partim, and H. ciliatum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 619, non Swartz. 11. Hymenophyllum interruptum, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 107, et Anal. Pterid. p. 48, t. 30; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 92, t. 338; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 65; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 62. Spherocionium ciliatum, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. non Pres] ex Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Huatusco (Schaffner ).—GuADALOUPE, and CotomBiA to PERv. Although this is recorded as Mexican in Hooker and Baker’s ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ there appear to be no Mexican specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 12. Hymenophyllum lineare, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 66, vix Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 62. : Hymenophyllum elegans, Spreng. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 91. Hymenophyllum trifidum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 196. 600 . . . FILICES. Guatemata, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpius to Braziu and Perv. Hb.. Kew. 13. Hymenophyllum microcarpum, Desv.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 69. Hymenophyllum organense, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 90, t. 32 B. Guatemata, Vera Paz (Godman & Salvin), Costa Grande (Bernoulli & Cario, 379).— VENEZUELA to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 14. Hymenophyllum myriocarpum, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 106, t. 87D; Hook. ét Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 59; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 61. South Mexico, Mirador (Sartorius), Orizaba (Miller 7 ex Fourn.).—CoLomBiA to PERU. There are no Mexican specimens of this species in the Kew Herbarium, though it is recorded as Mexican in the ‘Synopsis Filicum ;’ and Miiller’s 7 is referred to. H. fucoides. 15. Hymenophyllum polyanthos, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 106; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 60; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 81; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner,. p. 139. Hymenophyllum protrusum, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 104, t. 37 8; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 6l. Hymenophyllum jalapense, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 619. Hymenophyllum nigrescens, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 140. Hymenophyllum botryoides, Van den Bosch, in Nederl. Arch. v. p. 160. South Mexico, near Orizaba (Schaffner), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 609), Mirador (Liebmann: jalapense), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1799: jalapense), Chinantla, | Puebla (Liebmann: nigrescens), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6394: botryoides) ; GuatE-- MALA, Yzabal and San Gerdénimo (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate ; Lévy, 1468); Panama, Coiba (Seemann).—Very widely diffused in Tropica, and Sus- TROPICAL Regions. Hb. Kew. 16. Hymenophyllum sericeum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 92; Hook. et. Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 66. Hymenophylium plumosum, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 267; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 141. Hymenophylium pulchellum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 618; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 62? South Mexico, Matlalvea, Vera Cruz (Liebmann: plumosum) (Schaffner ; Schiede) ; GuaTEMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin)—West InpDIEs to Perv and Braz. Hb.. Kew. 17. Hymenophyllum tunbridgense, Smith, 6. wilsoni, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 95 (species); Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 67. GuateMaLa, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin)—ANDES southward to CHILI; New ZEALAND; WESTERN Evrope. Hb. Kew. Fournier enumerates ordinary tunbridgense from Mexico, to which he reduces. H. fucoides, var. frigidum, Liebm. (Mexicos Bregner, p. 139). FILICES. 601 18. Hymenophyllum valvatum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 219; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 90; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 65. Guatemata (Bernoulli & Cario, 255); Nicaragua, Omotepe (Wright).—Wrest Inpixs _and Andes of Cotompra and Perv. Hb. Kew. Species non vise. Hymenophyllum pectinatum, Cav. Prel. n. 685; Presl, Reliq. Hank. i. p. 69. — Mexico. Hymenophyllum cruentum, Cav. Prel. n. 684; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 69. —Mexico. Hymenophyllum millefolium, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 620.—Mexico. 9. TRICHOMANES. Trichomanes, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 71, et ed. 2, p. 464, t. 2. fig. 17. Ninety species, covering about the same wide range as Hymenophyllum. 1. Trichomanes alatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 123: Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 21; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 249. Trichomanes attenuatum, Hook. Sp. Fil. 1. p. 122, t. 39 ¢. Nicaragua, without locality (Lévy, 1509)—-Wesr Inpres; Cotompia; Brazi. Hb. Kew. 2. Trichomanes bancroftii, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 204; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 123; Hook. Gard. Ferns, t. 56; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 78. GuartemaLa, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 856).— West Inpizs to Brazin and Perv. Ub. Kew. 3. Trichomanes botryoides, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 263; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 72. Trichomanes nanum, Bory; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 115. Panama, Coiba (Seemann).—Gutana. Hb. Kew. 4. Trichomanes crispum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 180; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 82. Trichomanes henkei, Presl, Hymen. p. 36, t. 3, ex Hook. MSS. Trichomanes galeottii, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xv. p. 147, et Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 59. Trichomanes pellucens, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 142, non Kunze ex Fourn. Trichomanes lucens, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. non Swartz ex Fourn. Trichomanes kaulfussii, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 273, non Hook. et Grev. ex Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6530), Teotalcingo (Liebmann); Gua- TEMALA, Choctum (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Coiba (Seemann).—West INDIES to Perv and Brazit, and in west Tropica Arrica. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 4h 602 FILICES. 5. Trichomanes daucoides, Presl, Epim. p. 12, t. 7, ex Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 249. Nicaracua, Omotépé (Friedrichsthal). 6. Trichomanes elegans, Rudge; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 114; Hook. Gard. Ferns, t. 2; Hook. et Bak. Sp. Fil. p. 72. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 442); GuatemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 388), Coiba (Seemann, 645).—TRInIDAD to PERU. Hb. Kew. 7. Trichomanes godmani, Hook. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 74; Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. p. 337, t. 8. (Tab. CVI. A. Fig. 1, small portion of frond bearing one receptacle, enclosing sporangia.) GuaTEMALA, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, without locality (S. Hayes, 33). Hb. Kew. 8. Trichomanes kaulfussi, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil, App. p. 9; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 79. Trichomanes lucens, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 10, non Swartz. GvuaTEeMALA, Chilasco (Godman §& Salvin).—West Inpies; Guiana; Norta Braziu. Hb. Kew. 9. Trichomanes kraussii, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 149; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 120; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 77. Didymoglossum kraussit, Pres; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 249. Hemiphlebium kraussii, Van den Bosch, Syn. Hymen. p. 41. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Schmitz); Guaremaua, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin) ; Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli); Nicaracua (Lévy, 1480); Costa Rica (Hoffmann).— West Inpies to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 10. Trichomanes pinnatum, Hedw.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 84. Trichomanes floribundum, H. B. K.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 129; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 9. Neuromanes hedwigit, Van den Bosch, Syn. Hymen. p. 8. Neurophyllum pinnatum, Presl, Hymen. p. 19, partim ex Fourn. Neurophyllum hedwigianum, Fée, 10° Mém. Foug. p. 50. South Mexico, Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6468, 6542) at 12,000 feet (Liebmann) ; GuaTEMaLA, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 898), Choctum (Godman & Salvin); Honpuras (Mrs. Mitchell) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 1435); Panama (Seemann).—Weusr InprEs to Perv and Braziz. Hb. Kew. 11. Trichomanes punctatum, Poiret; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 116; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 236; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 74. GuateMaLa, Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 427); Panama, without locality (Seemann), Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 234).—West Inpius to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 603 _ 12. Trichomanes pusillum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 117; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 77. Trichomanes quercifolium, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 115. Trichomanes schaffneri, Schl. in Linnea, xxvi. p. 368. Didymoglossum repians, var. 8. schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 61. Microgonium schaffneri, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. Sourn Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), near Orizaba (Schaffner: schaffneri), Orizaba (Miller, 3978), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 611); Guaremata, Coban and Chilasco (God- man & Salvin); Nicaraeua, Chontales (Tate, 1480). Hb. Kew. | 13. Trichomanes pyxidiferum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 124; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 206; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 81. Trichomanes olivaceum, Kunze teste Klotzsch, in Linnea, xx. p. 437; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 60. Trichomanes cavifolium, C. Mill. in Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 753. Sout Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz), Orizaba (Miller, 1801; Schaffner), without locality (Schaffner: cavifolium) ; GuatemaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin: olivaceum). — Very widely dispersed in the Tropics and southern Sustropics. Hb. Kew. 14. Trichomanes radicans, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 81; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 60; Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. Trichomanes scandens, Hedw. Gen. Fil. t. 6; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 143; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 81, vix Linn. Trichomanes collariatum, Van den Bosch, Syn. Hymen. p. 28. Trichomanes mexicanum, Van den Bosch, in Nederl. Arch. v. p. 164; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 249. Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2001: mexicanum), near Jalapa (Hahn: collariatum), Orizaba (Schaffner ; Miller, 10), Mirador (Linden, 80; Liebmann), 'Teapa Tabasco (Linden, 1508); Guaremata, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nica- racua, Chontales (Tate, 4; Lévy, 1508); Costa Rica, Volcan de Barba (Hoffmann) ; Panama, Coiba (Seemann, 647).—Very widely spread in BOTH HEMISPHERES. Hb. Kew. 15. Trichomanes reptans, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 116; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 32; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 74; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 142. Didymoglossum reptans, Pres|; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 60, excl. var. 8 et syn. Trichomanes apodum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 117, teste Fourn. Mexico, without locality (Schaffner). West InpiEs to Peru and GUIANA. 16. Trichomanes rigidum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 183; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 143; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 60. SoutH Mexico, Teotalcingo, Oaxaca, 4500 to 5000 feet (Liebmann ; Galeotti, 6538) ; GUATEMALA, without locality (Godman & Salvin).—Very widely diffused in warm coun- Trigs. Hb. Kew. 4h2 604 FILICES. 17. Trichomanes scandens, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 140; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 85. Trichomanes lindeni, Presl, et T. macroclados, teste Hook. Sours Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 405); GuaTeMaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli & Cario, 369); Nicaraaua (Lévy, 1481).— West Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 18. Trichomanes sinuosum, Rich. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 120; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 13; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 78; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 59; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 142. Sourn Mexico, near Orizaba (Schaffner), around the city of Mexico (Schmitz), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann); GuateMALa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin).—WEST Inpigs to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 19. Trichomanes spicatum, Hedw.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 114, et Gard. Ferns, t. 60; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 72. Panama (ex Hooker & Baker).—West Inpius ; Ecuapor. We find ‘no specimen of this species from Panama in the Kew Herbarium. 20. Trichomanes tenerum, Spreng.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 141 (angustatum) ; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 166; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 85. GuaTEMALA, Cumbre de Atitlan (Bernoulli, 610), Escamillos, Costa Grande (Bernoulli & Cario, 386).—CotomBia to Peru and Braziu and in Tristan DA Cunna. Hb. Kew. This species is recorded from Mexico in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ but there are no specimens in the Kew Herbarium. 21. Trichomanes trichoideum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 141; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 199; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 85; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 59. Trichomanes tenellum, Hedw. Gen. Fil. t. 3. Trichomanes schiedeanum, C. Miill. in Bot. Zeit. 1844, p. 716 ; ‘Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. South Mexico, Coatepec near Jalapa (Hahn), near Oaxaca (Schaffner), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6395), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1494); Guatemaza, Chilasco (Salvin §& Godman); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy, 1469). — West Inpies to Ecuapor and Brazin. Hb. Kew. Tribe IV. DAVALLIEA. Limited to the genera Davallia and Cystopteris. 10. DAVALLIA. Davailia, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 88, et ed. 2, p. 467, t. 2. fig. 11. About one hundred species; a large proportion of them restricted to Tropical Asia and chiefly to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago. > FILICES. 605 1. Davallia (Microlepia) inequalis, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 180, excl. var. y; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 99. Microlepia boryana et M. arcuata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 131. Microlepia caudata et M. galeottii, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. SoutH Mexico, Teotalcingo (Galeotti, 6526, 6527), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 355), Santa Rita near Misantla (Hahn).—West Inpies to Perv and Rio Janeiro. Hb. Kew. 2. Davallia (Microlepia) saccoloma, Spreng.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 170; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 97. Saccoloma elegans, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 224, t. 1. fig. 12. GUATEMALA, without locality (Salvin & Godman); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 411).— West Inpizs to Rio Janeiro. Hb. Kew. 8. Davallia (Stenoloma) schlechtendalii, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 189, t.54e; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 103. Odontoloma schlechtendalii, Presl, Tent. p. 129; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 132. Davallia diwaricata, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 617; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 77. SoutH Mexico, Totontepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Oaxaca at 3000 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6372), Teotalcingo (Liebmann), Tlapacoya (Hahn); Guaremata, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 875; Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 4, Davallia (Loxoscaphe) thecifera, H. B. K.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 100. Davallia lindeni, Hook., D. schimperi, Hook., et D. concinna, Schrad.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 193. Darea thecifera, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 132. Asplenium theciferum, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 309. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3611); Panama (ex Fournier).— Cotomsia; Ecvapor. Hb. Kew. 11. CYSTOPTERIS. Cystopteris, Bernh.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 108, t. 2. fig. 19. Five species, one very widely spread in temperate and cold regions, and the rest are restricted to the north temperate and frigid zones. 1. Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh.; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 197; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. -p. 103; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 101; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 342; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 49, t. 538, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 126. Aspidium fragile, Swartz; Ch. et Schl. in Linnza, v. p. 611; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 67. Cystopteris fumarioides, Kunze, Fil. Poepp. p. 97; Liebm. loc. cit. Aspidium fumarioides, Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 39. Cystopteris acuta, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. This is one of the most generally diffused ferns in TEMPERATE and COLD REGIONS, and 606 FILICES. is very common in the mountains of Mexico, reaching an altitude of 12,500 feet on the peak of Orizaba (Galeotti, 6259); Guatemaa, Alta Vera Paz (Bernoulli & Cario, 283). Hb. Kew. Tribe V. LINDSAYEA. This tribe consists of the genera Lindsaya and Dictyoxiphium. 12. LINDSAYA (often written Lindsea). Lindsaya, Dryander ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 104, et ed. 2, p. 471. Fifty species, for the greater part in Tropical Asia and America, with a few scattered in most other tropical and some temperate regions. 1. Lindsaya imbricata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 117; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 130. Sout Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa (Liebmann). 2. Lindsaya portoricensis, Desv. in Berl. Mag. v. p. 826, ex Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 130. | Lindsaya guyanensis, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. Soutn Mexico, Tepinapa in the region of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6495).—Porto-Rico ; GUIANA. 3. Lindsaya stricta, Dryander; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 216; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 108; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 130; Schkuhr, Fil. t. 114. Lindsaya microphylla, Presi, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 59, t. 10. fig. 2. Lindsaya muliifrondulosa, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 105, t. 28, et 9° Mém. Foug. Lindsaya elegans, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 98. Sours Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 953), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6470); Panama (ex Fournier)—West Inpies to Rio JANEIRO. Hb. Kew. 4, Lindsaya trapeziformis, Dryander; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 214, et Gen. Fil. t. 634; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 107. Lindsaya quadrangularis, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 55, t. 74; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 130. Lindsaya curvans, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 106, et 9° Mém. Foug. Lindsaya galeottii, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 107, et 9° Mém. Foug. SourH Mzxico, Talea (Galeotti, 6469), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6489; Franco); GuaTeMa.a, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 412).—Wust INpIEs to CoLoMBIA and Brazit; and Tropicat Asta. Hb. Kew. 13. DICTYOXIPHIUM. Dictyoxiphium, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 118. A monotype. 1. Dictyoxiphium panamense, Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 62, et Sp. Fil. i. p. 224 FILICES. 607 Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 113; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 239; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. Amphiblestra simplex, Fourn. in Bot. Zeit. 1873, p. 8, teste Hook. et Bak. GuatTemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 119; Lévy, 452); Panama, without locality (Cuming, 1124), Coiba (Seemann, 363).— VENEZUELA ; CotomBia. Hb. Kew. Tribe VI, PTERIDEZA. Thirteen genera are referred to this Tribe, which is spread over nearly the whole area of the Order. 14. ADIANTUM. Adiantum, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 1138, et ed. 2, p. 472, t. 2. fig. 21. Eighty species, a very large proportion of which are endemic in Tropical America, yet the genus is generally spread, except in the frigid zones. 1. Adiantum braunii, Mett. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 75. Mexico (Karwinski; Berlandier ; Leiboldt). 2. Adiantum capillus-veneris, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 36; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 123; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 115; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 281, t. 37, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187. Adiantum tenerum, var. dissectum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 71. Adiantum trapeziforme, Schkuhr, Crypt. t. 121, non Linn. Very widely diffused in TEMPERATE REGIONS throughout the world, including the - mountains of Mrxico, where it occurs up to an altitude of 10,000 feet on the peak of Orizaba. Hb. Kew. 8. Adiantum exthiopicum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 37, t. 77; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 123. Adiantum thalictroides, Willd.; Fée, 9° Mém. Foug.; Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 298; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. Adiantum crenatum, Poiret, var. glabrescens, Mett. teste Kuhn, Beitr. p. 7. Adiantum pellucidum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 72. Adiantum gratum, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. Adiantum tenerum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 115 partim, ex Fourn. loc. cit. Adiantum lobatum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 62, t. 10. fig. 5 ? Very widely spread in TEMPERATE REGIONS, including Mexico. Hb. Kew. 4, Adiantum concinnum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 17, et vii. t. 668; Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 63; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 115; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 123; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Adiantum affine, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 70, non Willd. Adiantum lutescens, Moug. in Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 119. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sours 608 FILICES. Mexico, Pedregal (Schmitz), region of Orizaba (Miller, 732 ; Bourgeau, 2886), Mirador (Linden, 181), Jalapa 4000 feet and Guadalaxara 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6318, 6436), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 263); GuatEMaLa, Jocotenango (Bernoulli, 251), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaraaua, Granada and Omotepe (Lévy, 395, 1149) ; Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Santiago de Veraguas and ruins of Old Panama (Seemann, 16).—West Inpizs to Perv and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 5. Adiantum convolutum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127, t. 6; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 474. SoutH Mexico, without locality (Ghiesbreght); Orizaba (Botteri, 3602). 6. Adiantum cristatum, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 46; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 118. Adiantum striatum, Swartz; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. NicaraGcua, Chontales (Lévy, 489 bis).—West Inpies ; VENEZUELA. 7. Adiantum curvatum, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 29, t. 840; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 126. Adiantum brasiliense, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 57, t. 76. Adiantum tetraphyllum, y. obtusum, Mett. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129? South Mexico, Teapa (Linden), forest of Chiquihite (Bourgeau, 2146).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 8. Adiantum (Howardia) dolosum, Kunze in Linnea, xxi. p. 219; Hook. Sp. Fil. it. p. 6, t. 79; Hook. et Bak. Sp. Fil. p. 127; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. (Tab. CVI. Fig 1, portion of pinna bearing sori, enlarged.) Adiantum wilsoni, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 6; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 13. . GuaTemaLa, Choctum (Salvin & Godman) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 492 ; Tate, 9). —West Inpies; Cotompia; Guiana; Brazit. Hb. Kew. We should not have figured this species had we not overlooked the beautiful plate in the ‘ Filices Exotice.’ 9. Adiantum excisum, Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 33, t. 21, non Mart. et Gal. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 128; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 123? SourH Mexico, San Rafael (Guillemin); Panama (Wagner).—Cuiul. 10. Adiantum feei, Thos. Moore; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 125; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127. Adiantum flexuosum, Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 61. South Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner); GuaTEMALA, Santa Rosa and Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 11. Adiantum galeottianum, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 10, t. 80; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 116; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126, excl. syn. South Mexico, Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6561). Hb. Kew. FILICES, 609 12. Adiantum glaucophyllum, Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 40; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 124. Adiantum multiforme, Braun, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 128, var. a et 8. Adiantum extensum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 119, et 9° Mém. Foug. Adiantum cuneatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 114, non Langsd. et Fisch. ex Fourn. Adiantum mexicanum, Presl, Tent. p. 158. Adiantum amplum, Presl, Reliq. i. p. 63. Adiantum amabile, Liebm., et A. andicolum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 118 et 114. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); South Mexico, peak of Orizaba at 9500 to 9750 feet, and Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 6266, 6566; Linden, 48: multiforme 3), San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 1044), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jur- ‘gensen, 322: andicola), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 8000 to 8500 feet (Galeotti, 6359: _ amabile), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 238), valley of Mexico (Schaffner); GuatEMALa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann). Hb. Kew. 13. Adiantum hirtum, Klotzsch; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 20, t. 824; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 119. Panama (Seemann, 379).—CoLomBia to Perv, Guiana, and Brazit. Hb. Kew. [Adiantum incisum, Pres], Relig. Heenk. i. p. 61; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 122, is erroneously recorded as Mexican, according to Fournier; and there are no Mexican specimens at Kew. | 14, Adiantum intermedium, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 25; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 116; Griseb. Cat. Cub. Pl. p. 274; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Adiantum lucidum, var. 8. pinnatum, Mitt. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129. Adiantum triangulatum, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 204. SourH Mexico, Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6491), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 261); GuatemaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Chagres (fendler, 414).— West Inpiss to Peru and Rio Janeiro. Hb. Kew. 15. Adiantum kaulfussii, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 7; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 190; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 115; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 787), Chiapas &c. (Ghies- breght, 412); Guaremata, Choctum (Godman & Salvin); Yzabal and Cuyotenango (Bernoulli, 589, 900); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 892; Lévy, 496); Cosra Rica (Harrison).—-West Invites to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 16. Adiantum lucidum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 4, t.79 c¢; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 121. Adiantum lucidum, a. pinnatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129? South Mexico, Teapa (Linden), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6487, 6492)%; Nicaragua, Chon- BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 44 610 FILICES. tales (Tate); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 409), Empire Station (S. Hayes, 259).—Wesr Inpigs to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7 17. Adiantum lunulatum, Burm.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 11; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 104; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 114; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126. Adiantum lunatum, Cav. Prel. p. 676, ex Fourn. Adiantum dolabriforme, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 191; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. Adiantum filiforme, Gardn. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 5038. Sovrn Mexico, without locality (@hiesbreght), Acapulco (Née); GuaTemaLa, Maza- tenango (Bernoulli, 547); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy, 175); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 415), Paraiso (S. Hayes, 272), near Panama (Seemann).—West INDIES. to Brazit, and TRopicaL Asia, AFRICA, and AUSTRALIA. Hb. Kew. 18. Adiantum macrophyllum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 3; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 132; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 55; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. . Sout Mexico, near the Atoyac (Bourgeau, 2151), Cordillera of Vera Cruz ( Galeotti, 6278), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 384); GuatemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin), Vera Paz (Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 393; Lévy, 494); Cosra Rica (Harrison) ; Panama, Bojio (8. Hayes, 354).—West InpiEs to Ecuapor and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 19, Adiantum obliquum, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 8, t. 794; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 115; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. GuateMALA, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 410), Empire Station (8S. Hayes, 260).—Wusr Inpis; CoLoMBIA ; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 20. Adiantum patens, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 29, t. 87.4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 126; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 342. NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1949), Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1448) ; South Mexico, without locality (Parkinson), Acapulco (Beechey), Curucupatzea (Glen- mie); GUATEMALA, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann). —CoLomsia to Ecuapor and in the Gatapacos. Hb. Kew. 21. Adiantum pilosum, Fée; Rémy in Gay, Fl. Chil. vi. p. 4385, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126. SoutH Mexico, in temperate regions (Ghiesbreght, 418).—Cutu1. 22. Adiantum pulverulentum, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p- 17; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 122; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259; Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 297. Sout Mrxco, barranca de San Martin 4800 feet (Schaffner), Teapa (Linden), in the eastern cordillera (Galeotti, 6303), Oaxaca (Sallé; Galeotti, 6490); Panama (ex Met- tenius).—West Ixpizs to CotomBia and Brau. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 611 23. Adiantum scabrum, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 207; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127. Adiantum tricholepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 72; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. p. 103, t. 59. figg. 6-10. Adiantum concinnum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 73, non H. B. K. Adiantum fragile, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 72, non Swartz. Adiantum chilense, 8. pilosulum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 115. Texas.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust) ; Sovra Mexico, Papantla (Inebmann), Real del Monte (Galeotti, 6447), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2341 bis), Guada- laxara (Galeotti, 6445).—Brazit; CHILI. The synonymy and distribution of this species is wholly from Fournier, who also doubtingly refers A. chilense, Kaulf., to the same. Most likely A. scabrum is included in some other species in the Kew collection. 24, Adiantum schaffneri, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 328, absque descript. Mexico, without locality (Schaffner). 25. Adiantum shepherdi, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 9, t. 73 8; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 116; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126. Sours Mexico, without locality (Bates), in temperate regions (Ghiesbreght), Morelia (Glennie). Hb. Kew. 26. Adiantum seemanni, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 5, t. 814; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 121; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 233. GUATEMALA, Without locality (Godman & Salvin), near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 401) ; Panama, San Lorenzo, Veraguas (Seemann, 1124). Hb. Kew. 27. Adiantum tenerum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 45; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 124; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 127; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p- 259; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188, et Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 231, t. 77. Adiantum trapezoides, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 107; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 128. Fioripa.—Norta Mexico, Guajuco Nuevo Leon (Palmer), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1947), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2341), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2107); GuaTemaLa, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Los Fuentes, near Granada (Lévy, 367); Panama, Veraguas (Seemann).—CotomBta to Peru and Juan Fernanpez. Hb. Kew. 28. Adiantum tetraphyllum, Willd. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p.120; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 129, quoad & et 8, majus; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 112; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Adiantum prionophyllum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 16; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 21. Adiantum fructuosum, Sprengel; Kunze, Farrnkr. p. 28, t. 15; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 24; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 69. Adiantum villosum, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit., non Linn., teste Fourn. 4742 612 FILICES, Sour Mexico, Lobani (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 418, 419, 448), cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6300), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2171); Guatz- MALA, Choctum (Godman & Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 440); Nicaragua, Chon- tales (Tate, 12); Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 413).—West InpiEs to Brazit and in Wust Tropica, Africa. Hb. Kew. 29. Adiantum trapeziforme, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 33; Hook. et Bak. Sp. Fil. p. 118; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 128, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 209. Adiantum pentadactylon, Langsd. et Fisch.; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 98. SourH Mexico, Acasonica, Vera Cruz (Linden, 73), cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 6338), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 399); GuatemaLa, without locality (Skinner) ; Nicaracua, Granada (Lévy, 367 bis)—West Inpizs to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 30. Adiantum villosum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 18; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 122. Adiantum falcatum, Swartz, Sp. Fil. p. 19. Adiantum acuminatum, Desv., et A. oblique-truncatum, Fée?; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 490 bis); Panama (Cuming, 1203).—Wust InvrEs to Braz. Hb. Kew. 15. HYPOLEPIS. Hypolepis, Bernh. ; Hook, et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 128, t. 2. fig. 24. About a dozen species, mainly Tropical American ; but the genus is widely scattered, though wanting in Europe and Temperate Asia. 1. Hypolepis californica, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 71, t. 88; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 131. Cheilanthes californica, Meth. Cheil. p. 44; Eaton, Ferns N, Am. i, p. 45, t. 6. fig. 2. CaLirornia.—NortH Mexico, Sonora (ex Haton). 2. Hypolepis hostilis, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 69; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 180. Cocos Istanp (Barclay).—Jamaica; Perv. Hb. Kew. * 3. Hypolepis parallelogramma, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 65, t. 984; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 130. Cheilanthes parallelogramma, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 83. Cheilanthes scabra, Karst, et C. radula, Kunze teste Bak. loc. cit. GuaTemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Perv and Brazt. Hb. Kew, FILICES. 613 4. Hypolepis repens, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 64, t. 90 c; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 129. Cheilanthes repens, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 215. Hypolepis mexicana, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 108; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2343), Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Lieb- mann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 230, 366).—West Inpres to Braziu and Perv. Hb. Kew. 16. CHEILANTHES. Cheilanthes, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 131, et ed. 2, p. 475, t. 3. fig. 25. About sixty-five species, having by far their greatest concentration in America, though spread over nearly all tropical and most temperate countries. 1. Cheilanthes allosuroides, Mett. Cheil. p. 32; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 137; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 123. SoutH Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz; Schaffner), Santa Maria, near Mexico (Hahn), Orizaba (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. : 2. Cheilanthes aurantiaca, Thos. Moore ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 141. Allosorus ochraceus, Hook. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 904. Cheilanthes ochraceus, Hook. Sp. Fl. ii. p. 114. Pteris lutea, Cav. Preel. p. 267. Aleuritopteris lutea, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 121. South Mexico, Morelia (Hartweg). Hb. Kew. 3. Cheilanthes aurea, Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 476. (Tab. CVL B. Fig. 2, segment ofa pinnule, enlarged; 3, smaller portion, further enlarged, showing sori.) GUATEMALA, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin). Ub. Kew. 4. Cheilanthes cheiloglyphis, Hemsl. Myriopteris cheiloglyphis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 77; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba at 7000 feet (Schaffner ; Miller, 532). [Cheilanthes eatont, Bak.; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 349, t. 45. figg. 6-12, is found close on our North-western border, if not actually within it.] 5. Cheilanthes cinnamomea, Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. Myriopteris rufa, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 77, teste Eaton. Norta Mexico, San Miguelito and San Rafael Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 911, 914). Hb. Kew. 6. Cheilanthes clevelandi, Eaton in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, vi. p. 33, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 89, t. 12. fig. 2, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. CALIFORNIA.—NortH Mexico, Escobrillos Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 913). Hb. Kew. 614 FILICES. 7. Cheilanthes coopers, Eaton in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, vi. (1875), p. 33, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 7, t. 2. fig. 1, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 180. CaLirornia.—Norts Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 989). Hb. Kew. | 8. Cheilanthes farinosa, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 212; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 77; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 134; Bot. Mag. t. 4765; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 142; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. Aleuritopteris farinosa et A. preslii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 121. Aleuritopteris mexicana et A. pulveracea, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 154, et 8° Mém. Foug. p. 117. Cheilanthes pulveracea, Pres], Relig. Henk. i. p. 64; Hook. Sp. Fil. u. p. 78; Mexicos Bregner, p. 105. North Mexico, in the San Rafael Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 963); Sourn Mexico, Chinantla 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann), Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6551), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 915 bis ; Schaffner ; Schmitz), Chiapas &c. ((Ghies- breght, 228); GuaremMata, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Co.tomB1a to Brazi. and in Astaand Arrica, chiefly in mountainous districts within the Tropics. Hb. Kew. 9. Cheilanthes fendleri, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 103, t. 107 8; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 139. Myriopteris fendleri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125. Rocky Mountains to New Mexico.—Sovutn Mexico, valley of Mexico (ex Fournier). 10. Cheilanthes gracillima, Eaton in Foss. Bot. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p- 234, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 247, t. 79. figg. 17-21, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186 ; Hook. et Bak. Syst. Fil. p. 139. Cheilanthes vestita, Brackenridge, Fil. U. S. Expl. Exped. p. 91, non Swartz. Canapa and British CoLtomBia to CaLirornia and Trexas.—Norta Mexico, in the Sierra Madre, south of Saltillo (Palmer, 1390). Hb. Kew. This species is recorded from Guatemala in Hooker and Baker’s ‘Synopsis Filicum ;’ but there is no specimen thence in the Kew Herbarium. [C. hirsuta, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p.40, reported from Mexico, is an obscure species. | 11. Cheilanthes lendigera, Swartz ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 95, t. 104 3, cum 8, t. 1064; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 141; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 74. Cheilanthes minor et C. lanuginosa, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 75, t. 20. fig. 2, et t. 21. fig. 1. Myriopteris marsupianthes et M. villosa, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 149, t. 12 et 28; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 124, Myriopteri lanuginosa, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 125. Arizona.—Soutu Mexico, Chinantla Puebla, and peak of Orizaba 9500 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann ; Galeotti, 6256), Cuernavaca (Bilimek), near Mexico (Schaffner), Vaqueria del Jacal 10,000 feet (Liebmann: Myriopteris marsupianthes), peak of Orizaba at 11,500 feet (Galeotti, 6257: C. minor); GUATEMALA, Duefias (Godman & Salvin).— CotomBia. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 615 12. Cheilanthes leucopoda, Link, Sp. Fil. p. 66 ; Klotsch in Linnea, xx. p. 338; Mett. Cheil. p. 30; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 123; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 29, t. 49. Cheilanthes glandulifera, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 106, teste Mettenius. Texas.—Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virle¢ d’Aoust); Sour Mzxico, Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann), without locality (Ehrenberg). 13. Cheilanthes lindheimeri, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 101, t.107 4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 140; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p- 218, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. Myriopteris lindheimeri, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 340. TExas ; New Mexico.—NortH Mexico, Escobrillos Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 937; Parry & Palmer, 999), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1934). Hb. Kew. 14. Cheilanthes meifolia, Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 185. Norra Mexico, Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1377). Hb. Kew. 15. Cheilanthes microphylla, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 84, t. 98 4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 135; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 123; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. p- 81, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 185. Cheilanthes elongata, Willd.; Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 213; Kuhn, Beitr. Mex. Farrnfl. p. 8. Cheilanthes moritziana, Kunze in Linnea, xxiii. p. 807; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 85, t. 99 B. Cheilanthes seemanni, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 85, t. 97 3. Cheilanthes alabamensis, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug., teste Fourn. Cheilanthes micromera, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 36; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 76. - Allosorus microphylius, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 67. Cheilanthes pubescens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 21. Cheilanthes aspidioides, Fée, et C. cucullans, Fée, Gen. Fil. p- 157, et 7° Mém. Foug. p. 39, t. 35. fig. 4. Cheilanthes pygmea, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 338. Fioripa ; New Mexico.—Norra Mexico, many stations in Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1931: seemanni) ; South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2782, 2339), Belen, Tacubaya (Schaffner), Chiapas &c. ((Ghiesbreght, 234), Yavezia (Liebmann), Oaxaca at 8000 feet (Galeotti, 6564), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1678); Guatemata, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpies to Perv. Hb. Kew. 16. Cheilanthes myriophylla, Desv. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 100, t. 1054; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 243, t. 79. figg. 8-15, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. Myriopteris myriophylla, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ pp. 233 et 340; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125. Myriopteris paleacea, Fée, Gen. Fil. 149, et 8° Mém. Foug. p. 115. Cheilanthes elegans, Desv. in Berl. Mag. 1811, p. 328, et Journ. de Bot. 1813, ii. p. 48, t. 18. fig. 2. 616 FILICES. Myriopteris elegans, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125. Cheilanthes paleacea, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 76, t. 21. fig. 2. Norta Mexico, Escobrillos Mountains, Morales and San Miguelito Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 987, 988 ; Schaffner, 912, 915, 916), San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sour Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz), Oaxaca (Andrieux, 44), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 256), near Chapultepec (Schaffner), Misteca Alta at 7500 feet, and Barranca de Guadalupe (Galeotti, 6381, 6437); GuaTeMaLa, Quezaltenango (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Perv and Cuiui, and in the NEILGHERRIES. Hb. Kew. [ Plecosorus peruvianus, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 151, a plant apparently not taken up in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ is recorded from Mexico by Fournier. | 17. Cheilanthes radiata, J. Sm. in Hook. Jour. Bot. iv. p. 159; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 132; Mett. Cheil. p. 42. Adiantopsis radiata, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 145 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 126. Adiantum radiatum, Linn. ; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 615; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 69; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 112. Hypolepis radiata, Hook. Sp. Fil. ui. p. 72, t. 91a. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6400), on the Rio Nantla, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Mirador (Sartorius), Amatlan in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2227), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede & Deppe); Guatemata, Retalhuleu (Bernoulli & Cario, 376), Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 198).— West Inpies to Perv and Rio Janerro. Hb. Kew. 18. Cheilanthes scariosa, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 65 ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 99, t. 104.4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 140. Myriopteris scariosa, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 149; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 125. SourH Mexico, Orizaba at 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 6258).—Prrv. There is no Mexican specimen of this species in the Kew Herbarium, and Galeotti’s number 6208, as far as the Kew specimen is concerned, belongs to the next species. 19. Cheilanthes speciosissima, A. Br.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 103; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 141; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 105; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 54. Plecosorus mexicanus, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 151, t. 13; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald, p. 341 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 124. Cheilanthes scariosa, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 74, non Presl. Phegopteris speciosissima, Mett. Cheil. p. 4. SourH Mexico, forest of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 924), around Mexico (Schmitz), Coscomatepec, Vera Cruz 5000 feet (Schaffner), peak of Orizaba 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 6258 ; Liebmann), Toluca (Andrieus, 38); Rancho del Guajolote (Hartweg, 413); Guatemaza, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 20. Cheilanthes tomentosa, Link; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 345, t. 45. figg. 1-5. Cheilanthes tomentosa, var. eatoni, Davenport; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186. FILICES. 617 Cheilanthes eatoni, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 349, t. 45. figg. 6-12. Cheilanthes bradburii, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 97, t. 109 B. Nort Carouina to Texas and Artzona.—Nortu Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1396), Caracol Mountains (Palmer, 1891), Soledad, Guajuco, Nuevo Leon, and moun- tains east and south of Saltillo (Palmer, 1398, 1394, 1397, 1398: eatoni), San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 9994; Schaffner, 910: eatoni), Hb. Kew. 21. Cheilanthes viscosa, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 104, t. 938; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p.136; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i, p. 123, excl. syn. Liebm. ? Cheilanthes tenuis, Presl, Reliq. Henk. 1. p. 65? Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1944), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 926 ; Parry & Palmer, 990); South Mexico, between Talea and Hacienda de Gertrudes, Oaxaca (Liebmann), around Mexico (Schmitz), Pedregal (Bourgeau, 258); GUATEMALA, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Realejo (Barclay).—VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. . Eaton (loc. sup. cit.) states that Pellwa glauca, J. Sm., in no way differs from this. 22. Cheilanthes wrightii, Hook. var. ?, Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 185. Nortu Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1378). Hb. Kew. Typical C. wrightit ranges from Texas to Arizona. [ Myriopteris intermedia, Fourn., and Aleuritopteris schaffnert, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 328, both collected by Schaffner in the State of San Luis Potosi, belong to Cheilanthes as limited here, and most probably to some of the foregoing species. | 17. LLAVEA. Llavea, Lagasca ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 144, t. 8. fig. 28. A monotype. 1. Llavea cordifolia, Lagasca; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 125, et Ic. Pl. tt. 387, 388; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 144; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p.122; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187, Ceratodactylis osmundoides, J. Sm. in Hook. et Bauer, Gen. Fil. t. 26; Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 228. Allosorus karwinskii, Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 138, et Farrnkr. t. 4; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 54; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 47; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 69. Botryogramme karwinskii, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 166, t. 15. + NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust); Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1375); Sourn Mexico, Barranca del Encarnacion, near Zimapan, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2513), Oaxaca 5000 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 6351), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller), Zimapan (Coulter, 1684), Amatenango, Chiapas (Linden, 1522), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 235), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 680). Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. ILI., December 1885. 4k 618 FLLICES. 18. PELLAEA. Pellea, Link; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 144, et ed. 2, p. 476, t. 30. fig. 30. About fifty-five species, having a similar range to the species of Cheilanthes. 1. Pellzea (Allosorus) alabamensis, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 148. Cheilanthes alabamensis, Kunze ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 89, t. 1088; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p- 185; Hook. Exot. Ferns, t. 90. ALABAMA and Groreia to Texas and Arizona.—Norti Mexico, Guajuco, Nuevo Leon and in the mountains east of Saltillo (Palmer). Hb. Kew. 2. Pellwa (Allosorus) andromedefolia, Fée ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 149; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 150; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 203, t. 27. fig. 1. Platyloma andromedefolium, J. Sm. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 160. Pteris andromedefolia, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 188; Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 406. Allosorus andromedefolius, Kaulf.; Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 56. CaLiFornia ; ARrizona.—Norta Mexico, north-eastern Mexico (ex Haton).—ANDES to CHILI, and in SoutH AFRICA. 3. Pellwa (Allosorus) angustifolia, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 150. Cheilanthes angustifolia, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 21; Mett. Cheil. p. 44; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 122, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. Allosorus angustifolius, Presi, Tent. p. 152; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 67; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. . Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 341. | Allosorus decompositus, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 48, t. 10. fig. 2. Cheilanthes decomposita, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. ex Fourn. Cheilanthes venusta, var. aurea, Fée, 10° Mém. Foug. p. 20, ex Fourn. Peilea decomposita, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 151, t. 1198. Onychium angustifolium, Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. p. 11; Hook. Sp. Fil. 11. p. 128. Pellea cuneata, J. Sm. teste Hook. Cheilanthes cuneata, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p.40; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 341. Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre and Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1927, 1932, 1450) ; Sours Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2774), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1687), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 669, 670), Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 242), Guadalupe (Schmitz), near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 456); GuatemMaLa, without locality (Skinner), Volcan de Fuego, Motagua valley, and Quezaltenango (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Omotepe (Lévy, 1136).—VeEnezveta. Hb. Kew. . 4, Pellwa (Allosorus) aspera, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 148; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 205, t. 74. figg. 1-4, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, near the Santa Rita Copper-mines, just within our boundary { Wright, 2127), Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1422). Hb. Kew. 5. Pellza (Allosorus) atropurpurea, Link ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p.188; Hook FILICES. 619 et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 147; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 119, cum var. mucronata. Allosorus atropurpureus, Kunze teste Hook. CaNnaDA and British CoLUMBIA southward ; Trexas.—Norta Mexico, Caracol Moun- tains and near Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1425); Sourn Mexico, Chiapas &c. ((hies- breght, 216), Escamela (Bourgeau, 3068), Pueblo Nuevo (Linden), valley of Mexico (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. [P. geraniefolia, Fée, an exceedingly widely-dispersed species in warm countries, including the West Indies and South America, is recorded from Guatemala in Hooker _and Baker's ‘ Synopsis Filicum ;’ but there is no specimen in the Kew Herbarium. | 6. Pellega (Platyloma) cordata, J. Sm.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 148; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 152; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 118. Pellea flexuosa, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p.60; Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 129; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 207, t. 27. Pteris cordata, Cav. Prel.; H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 15; Presl, Reliq. Heenk. i. p. 57 ; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 54. Allosorus cordatus, Pres|; Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 135. Pellea sagittata, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p. 60. Allosorus sagittatus, Presl; Kunze, Farrnkr. t. 24. Allosorus flecuosus, Kaulf.; Kunze, Farrnky. t. 23. Texas to CaLirornia.—Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1940), Soledad and Monterey (Palmer), San Miguelito Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 958); Soutu Mexico, Valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 185, 251, 689, 1163), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1688), San Félipe (Andrieux, 41), Tacubaya and Chapultepec (Schaffner), Oaxaca 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6558), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 204, 303), San Miguel and La Galera (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3067); GuaTEMALa, Volcan de Fuego and San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. The greater part of the specimens enumerated belong to the form called flexuosa, which Fournier retains as a distinct species; and Eaton (Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187) says that in well-developed fronds the zigzag habit is very conspicuous, and it is, perhaps, as well to keep the two (7. e. P. cordata and P. flexuosa) apart. 7. Pell#a fournieri, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 476. Pellea flavescens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 119, non Feée. SoutH Mexico, Cuernavaca (Bourgeau). Ub. Kew. 8. Pellwa (Allosorus) glauca, J. Sm.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 151. Cheilanthes glauca, Mett. Cheil. p. 81. Allosorus hirsutus, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 59, t. 10. Pellea hirsuta, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 152. Pteris glauca, Cav. Prel. p. 269; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 685; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 72. Mexico, without locality (Aschendorn).—CHILI. There are no Mexican specimens of this species at Kew, and Liebmann cites it among 4k2 620 FILICES. the doubtful ones. It is probable that the name was incorrectly applied to Aschenborn’s plant. Fournier refers P. glauca to P. marginata. 9. Pella (Allosorus) intramarginalis, J. Sm.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 148; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Pteris intramarginalis, Kaulf.; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 618; Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 21, t.17; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 115; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 538. Pieris fallax, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. t. 14. fig. 2. Allosorus inframarginalis, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 34. Cheilanthes intramarginalis, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 112. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust); Sours Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller ; Bourgeau, 2792), Mirador (Liebmann ; Linden, 40), around Mexico (Schmitz), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 239, 440; Linden, 1531); Guaremana, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Harrison).—Ecuapor; ARGENTINA. Hb. Kew. 10. Pellz#a (Allosorus) marginata, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 151; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187. . Cheilanthes marginata, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 22, et vii. t. 669 ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 105; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 122, cum varietatibus; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187. Cheilanines charophylla, Fée, C. pyramidalis, Fée, C. ciliata, Fée, et C. cherophylloides, Fée, teste Allosorus ciliatus, Presl, Relig. i. p. 59; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 66. Allosorus cilatus et A. cherophyllus, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. pp. 47 et 48, t. 11. Anrizona.—NorrH Mexico, in the San Miguelito and San Rafael Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 924; Parry & Palmer, 982); Sovru Mexico, Valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 458 ; Schmitz), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 fect (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2775), Toluca (Schaffner), Oaxaca 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6544), Jalapa and Real del Monte (Coulter, 1676, 1677), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 233); GuaTEMALA, without locality (Fraser; Skinner), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 11. Pellwa pallida, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 478. Mexico, without locality (Glennie). Hb. Kew. 12. Pellza (Allosorus) pulchella, Fée; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 150; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 150; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 119; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i, p. 81, t. 11. fig. 2, et in Proc. Am. Acad. Xvi. p. 187. Allosorus pulchellus, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 47, t; 10. fig. 1. Allosorus formosus, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 68. Texas ; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Soledad and Lerios, Coahuila (Palmer, 1423, 1424), San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d@’ Aoust) ; Sourn Mzxico, Tepitongo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2894), Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght ; Linden, 1546); San Felipe (Andrieux, 42). - Hb. Kew. 4 FILICES. 621 13. Pellea rigida, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 144; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 147; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 119; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. ‘P 187. -Pteris rigida, Swartz, Syn. Fil. pp. 104 et 299. Allosorus rigidus, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 55, et xiii. p. 187. ‘Chetlopecton rigidum, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 33, t. 20. fig. 3. Pteris cartilaginea, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 57, t. 9. fig. 3. Pteris acutangula, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 684. ‘Cheilanthes rigida, Moore; Mett. Cheil. p. 48. Nortu Mexico 2, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Parry & Palmer, 1156); Souta MxExico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2771), Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght); GuateMaLa, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin).—Prrv. Hb. Kew. 14, Pellewa seemanni, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 141, t. 1178; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 145; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1 p. 119. NortH Mexico, Morales Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 923 ; Parry & Palmer, 979), Mazatlan (Seemann, 1447). Hb. Kew. 15. Pellwa skinneri, Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p, 141, t. 118 8B; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 147. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Motagua valley ( Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 16. Pellzea (Allosorus) ternifolia, Link, Hort. Berol. p. 59; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 142, et Fil. Exot. t. 15; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 148; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 118; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 59, t. 54. figg. 1-3, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. ‘p. 187. Pieris ternifoha, Cav.; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 126. Pieris triphylla, Bert. non Mart. et Gal. ex Fourn. Pellea lanuginosa, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. ex Fourn. Texas; New Mexico.—Norta Mexico, Escobrillos Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 924; Parry & Palmer, 982); Sovrn Mexico, San Angel (Schaffner), near Tacubaya (Bourgeau, 261), Mitla, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 100); Guatemata, Quiche (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Cuiui and in the Sanpwicu IsLanps. Hb. Kew. 19. PTERIS. Pteris, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 153, et ed. 2, p. 487, t. 3. fig. 31. There are about 100 species of this cosmopolitan genus; only one, however, occurs ‘in the Arctic Regions, and the greatest concentration of species is in Tropical America. 1. Pteris (Litobrochia) aculeata, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 224; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 171; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Pteris apicalis, Liebm.., et P. protea, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 76 et 77; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. Litobrochia setifera, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 138, et 9° Mém. Foug. Pteris orizabe, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 53, t. 13, non KI. ex Fourn. Litobrochia orizabe, Fée, et L. hemipteris, Fée ex Fourn. Pteris (Litobrochia) propinqua, Agardh; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 228. 622 FILICES. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Jalapa (Linden, 11), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2611: orizabe), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2610: setifera), around Mexico (Schmitz), Teapa (Linden, 1509), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 376); GUATEMALA, Chilasco and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaraeva, Chontales (Lévy, 1472: apicalis) ; Costa Rica (Harrison) —West Inpizs to Brazit and Perv. Hb. Kew. The limits of this species, P. podophylla, and P. kunzeana are obscure, and the synonymy of the three species is confused. 2. Pteris aquilina, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 196; Hook. et “Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 162; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 263, t. 35, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 187; Fee, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 114 (var. mexicana); Kunze in Linnea, xiii. P- 142 (var. pubescens) ; Kuhn, Beitr. p. 10 (var. lanuginosa). Pteris caudata, Linn.; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 54; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 74; Fourn.. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 116. Pteris lanuginosa, Bory in Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 403. Pteris feei, Schaffner in Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 73; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 116. Pieris decomposita, Gaud.; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258, non Baker. A cosmopolitan fern, extending from Arctic Europe to New Zealand, and ranging through all the continents and Polynesia. Common in Mexico and CenTRaL AMERICA, the hairy variety Januginosa predominating. Hb. Kew. 3. Pteris (Campteria) biaurita, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 204; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 164; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 115, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 171. Pteris plumieri, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 613. Pteris edentula, Kunze, teste Fourn. loc. cit. Litobrochia galeottii, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 75. Pteris nemoralis, Willd. ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 74? A very widely dispersed fern in the tropical zone, and recorded by Fournier from many localities in Mexico and CunTraL America; but there are no specimens bearing this name in the Kew Herbarium from within our limits, though Litobrochia galeottii is cited in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum’ as a probable synonym of P. biaurita. It appears, however, that Fournier’s idea of this species differed from Hooker and Baker's, as several of the collectors’ numbers referred by him to P. biaurita are named P. quadri- aurita in the Kew Herbarium, and P. edentula, Kunze, is indicated in the ‘Synopsis’ (p. 159, sub P. pungenti) as normal P. quadriaurita. 4, Pteris cretica, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 159; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 154; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 114; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 73; Eaton,, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 141, t. 64. Pteris serrulata, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 52, non Linn. f. ex Fourn. Pteris triphylla, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 51, teste Hook. Pieris trifolia, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 114. Fioripa.—SovutH Mexico, Jalapa (Coulter, 1692), Pedregal &c., in the valley of FILICES. 623 Mexico (Bourgeau, 262, 2340), Mirador, and Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann), Borrego (Bourgeau, 2776), Yavezia, cordillera of Oaxaca 6700 to 7500 feet (Galeotti, 6377), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 202, 1545); Guatemana, without locality (Skinner), Coban (Godman & Salvin).—Souta Evrope; Wust Asia; Arrica; Potynesta. Hb. Kew. 5. Pteris (Litobrochia) elata, Agardh; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 223; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 173. GUATEMALA, Escuintla and Choctum (Godman & Salvin); Panama (Cuming, 1267).— Southward to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 6. Pteris (Heterophlebium) grandifolia, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 201, t. 1138; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 164; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 52; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 76; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 117. Souta Mexico, Tabasco (Linden), Papantla and Jicaltepec (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. {Ghiesbreght), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6376).—West Inpizs to Perv. Hb. Kew. Galeotti’s number 6376 is referred hither by Fournier and to P. pulchra in the Kew Herbarium, but both species may have been distributed under this number. 7. Pteris (Litobrochia) henkeana, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 55; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 213; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 169. GUATEMALA, without locality (Godman & Salvin, 201).—Cotomsia to Peru. Hb. Kew. 8. Pteris (Litobrochia) incisa, Thunb.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 230; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 172. Pieris vespertihionis, Labill. Nov. Holl. p. 96, t. 245. NicaRAGuA, without locality (Tate).—Very widely spread in TRopicaL CountRIEs, and extending northward to Formosa, and southward to Cuiui, Juan FERNANDEZ, CAPE OF Goop Hops, and New Zeatanp. Hb. Kew. 9. Pteris (Litobrochia) kunzeana, Agardh; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 221, t. 139; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 173; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 117. Pieris arborescens, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 54; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 79. Pteris schiedeana, Ettingsh. Farrnkr. der Jetztwelt, p. 99, t. 66, ex Fourn. Lntobrochia grandis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 75. Ittobrochia arborescens, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 135. South Mexico, valley of Cordova and Chiquihite (Bourgeau, 2018, 2145).—West Inpies to Peru. Hb. Kew. Fournier cites several other localities within our limits, and reduces P. protea, Liebm., to P. kunzeana. See remarks under P. aculeata. 10. Pteris laciniata, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 176, t. 132 8; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 160; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 116, cum var. £. Lonchitis hirsuta, Linn., et L. ghiesbreghtii, Linden, teste Hook. et Bak. SoutH MExico, near Mirador (Liebmann), around Mexico (Schmitz), valley of Cordova 624 FILICES. (Bourgeau, 2015), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2353), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 357) ; GUATEMALA, mountain forests, Vera Paz (Salvin)—West Inpixs to Perv. Hb. Kew. [Pteris lata, Link, and P. rostrata, Fée, are enumerated by Fournier as Mexican.. Mr. Baker refers them to P. deflexa and P. coriacea, neither of which is represented in the Kew Herbarium from within our limits, though very common from South America, northward to the boundary of the State of Panama. | 11. Pteris longifolia, Liebm.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 157; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 153; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 114; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 235, t. 78. figg. 1-4. Pteris equalis, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 54. Fioripa.—Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2358 ; Miller, 723), Escamela (Hahn).—Very widely dispersed in Tropica, and Temperate Recions of both hemi- spheres. Hb. Kew. 12. Pteris muricella, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 73; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 194; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 116. Sours Mexico, Cordova, Huatusco (Schaffner). 13. Pteris (Doryopteris) palmata, Willd.; Hook. Gard. Ferns, t. 22; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 166; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 117. Petris pedata, Hook. Sp. Fil. 11. p. 208, in part ex Hook. et Bak. Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2153), San Felipe (Andrieua, 45), Orizaba (Schaffner).—West Inpizs to CoLomBia, Perv, and Rio Janerro. Hb. Kew. 14, Pteris paucinervata, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 73; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 194 ;. Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 157; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 116. Pieris swartziana, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 74, non Agardh. ex Fourn. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 380), around Mexico (Schmitz), San Barto- lomeo, Vera Cruz 4500 feet (Ziebmann), Barranca de San Martin near Mirador (Schaffner), Orizaba (Miller, 389 bis). Hb. Kew. 15. Pteris (Litobrochia) podophylla, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 227, et. Gard. Ferns, t. 55; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 172. SoutH Muxico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 373; Linden, 1539), Mirador (Liebmann) ;. GuatEMaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpius to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 16. Pteris (Litobrochia) pulchra, Ch. et Schl. in Linnza, v. p. 614; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 213; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 169. | Iitobrochia mexicana, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 117. Pieris grandifolia, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 52, non Linn. South Mexico, Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6376), Chiapas (Linden, 1521), Santa Maria, Tlapacoya and San Pedro, Tepinapa (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 715, 871). Hb. Kew. FILICES. 625 Fournier retains Litobrochia mexicana as a distinct species, to which he refers Pteris grandifolia, Mart. et Gal.; and P. pulchra, Ch. et Schl., he reduces to P. podophylla. 17. Pteris pungens, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 182; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 159; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 115, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. Sourn Mexico, San Cristobal (Botteri, 1422); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 493 bis). —West Inp1zs. 18. Pteris quadriaurita, Retz.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 179, t. 1343; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 158. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1429), cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6291), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 396), Tlapacoya (Liebmann); Guats- _ MALA, Coban, Vera Paz (Salvin), Escuintla (Skinner), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 493; Tate, 15); Panama, Coiba and Boquete (Seemann, 1119).—All round the world in Tropica, and SusrropicaL Rueions. Hb. Kew. Fournier does not include this species, but several of the collectors’ numbers cited above are given by him as being P. biaurita. See remarks under that species, p. 622. 20. CERATOPTERIS. Ceratopteris, Brongn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 174, t. 3. fig. 32. An aquatic monotype. 1. Ceratopteris thalictroides, Brongn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 235, et Gen. Fil. t.12; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p.174; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 258, t. 80. figg. 10-14. Parkeria pieroides, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 97; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 138. Fioripa.—SoutuH Mexico, Tehuantepec (Liebmann).—West Inpizs to Brazil, and in TropicaL Asta, AFRICA, and AusTRALIA. Hb. Kew. Though widely diffused, this fern appears to be rare in Mexico and Central America, as there is only one specimen thence in the Kew Herbarium; and Fournier states that he had seen none from Mexico. 21. LOMARIA. Lomaria, Willd.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 174, et ed. 2, p. 481, t. 4. fig. 33. Forty-five species are described in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum,’ and the majority of them are concentrated in the south temperate zone, but the genus is scattered nearly all over the world. 1. Lomaria attenuata, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p.6; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 176. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. ((Ghiesbreght, 385); GuatemaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpies to Braz, and Juan FERNANDEZ; also in Potynesta, the Masca- RENE IsLANDs, and FERNanDO Po. Hb. Kew. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. Al 626 FILICES. 2. Lomaria blechnoides, Bory ex Fée in Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 115; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 12; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 177. Lomaria alpina, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. teste Fourn. loc. cit. Souta Mexico, Cerro de la Cruz, valley of Orizaba (Schaffner).—CuILt. Inserted on the authority of Fournier. 3. Lomaria (Plagiogyria) costaricensis, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 482. Costa Rica, without locality (Wendland). There appears to be no specimen of this in the Kew Herbarium. 4. Lomaria ensiformis, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 82; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 113. Sovra Mexico, Teotalcingo, Chinantla, Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann). We find no mention of this name in Hooker and Baker’s ‘ Synopsis,’ but in Hooker’s ‘Species Filicum ’ it is cited doubtingly as a form of procera. 5. Lomaria ghiesbreghtii, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 481. SovurH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 207). Hb. Kew. 6. Lomaria onocleoides, Spreng.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 9, t. 146; Hook, et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 178; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 113, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. Lomaria fragilis, Licbm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 80. Lomaria mexicana, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 70, teste Fourn. Blechnum onocleoides, Swartz; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 613. Lomaria binervata, Desy. in Berl. Mag. v. p. 315, ex Fourn. Sour Mexico, Huatusco, Mirador (Schaffner ; Miller, 438; Galeotti, 6465), Huita- malco (Liebmann); Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 1464).—Wesr Inpies and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 7. Lomaria procera, Spreng.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 23; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil, p. 179; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 427, et Gard. Ferns, t. 53. Lomaria brasiliensis, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 50, t. 72 et 72 bis; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 118. Lomaria varians, Fourn., et L. stolonifera, Fourn.? loc. cit. Lomaria spectabilis, Liebm., L. falciformis, Liebm., et L. deflexa, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 82-84. Lomaria longifolia, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 49, non Kaulf. nec Spreng. ex Fourn. Lomaria striata, Willd.; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 235. Lomaria schiedeana, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 143. Blechnum (Lomaria), sp. an nova? Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 613. Lomaria aérodonta, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 70, ex Fourn. Lomaria daneacea, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 326; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 82. Lomaria ornifolia, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 51, et Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 59. Lomaria juglandifolia, Presl, loc. cit. p. 52? Soura Mexico, cordillera of Vera Cruz 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6406), Orizaba (Bourgeau, FILICES. 627 2790), Totutla (Linden, 66 ; Idebmann ; Schaffner), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1826: varians), Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 389,451); Guatemata (Skinner ; Godman & Salvin). —West Inpies to Cuint; Mauaya; Ponynesia; AusrraLia; NEw ZeaLanp; Sours Arrica. Hb. Kew. 8. Lomaria (Plagiogyria) semicordata, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 182. Lomaria (Plagiogyria) biserrata, Mert. et Lind.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 19. Plagiogyria biserrata, Mett. Farrn-G. ii. p. 8, t. 4, et in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 344; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 183. Plagiogyria equidentata, Fourn. loc. cit. ? Lomaria pectinata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 81. Lomaria arguta, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 70, ex Fourn. Lomaridium semicordatum, Presl, Epim. p. 155. Soura Mexico, Cerro de Sempoaltepec, Oaxaca 6000 feet (Ziebmann), Cerro del Agua (Schaffner), valley of Orizaba (Miller, 1488 ; Botteri, 1421), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 395),.—JaMAica to Perv and Sour Braz. Hb. Kew. Tribe VII. BLECHNEZ. There are only four genera of this tribe, the two following and Doodia, chiefly Australian, but extending to New Zealand, Polynesia, and Ceylon, and Sadleria, a Sandwich-Island genus of two species, one of which has also been found in Sumatra. 22. BLECHNUM. Blechnum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 183, et ed. 2, p. 482, t. 4. fig. 34. Nineteen species are admitted in the ‘Synopsis ;’ they are widely spread in tropical and south temperate regions. 1. Blechnum asplenioides, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 45; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 183. Panama, without locality (Seemann).—CotomBia to Peru and Bratt. Hb. Kew. 2. Blechnum lanceola, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. ui. p. 47, et Ic. Pl. t. 970; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 183. Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1556).—CotomB1a to Peru and Brazin. Hb. Kew. , 3. Blechnum longifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 13; Hook. Sp. Fil. ili. p. 49, t. 154; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 185, cum f. fraxineus. Blechnum intermedium, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 75; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 86. Blechnum gracile, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 158; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 112, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Blechnum longifolium, var. gracile, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 306. ~ SoutH Mexico, cordillera of Vera Cruz 2000 feet (Galeotti, 6302), valley of Cordova 412 628 FILICES. (Bourgeau, 1433), Mirador (Linden, 72); GuarzmMaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 551); SatvapDor, Sonsonate (Skinner); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 129; Lévy, 798); Costa Rica (Harrison: gracile); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 261)—West Inpizs to Peru and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 4. Blechnum occidentale, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 50; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 185; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111 (cum varietatibus, 6. intermedium, y solutum, et 3. minus), et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258, et xxii. p. 171; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 50; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 86; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Blechnum caudatum, Cav. Prel. p. 262; Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 61; Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. Blechnum meridionale, Presl, Del. Prag. i. p. 186, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 112. Blechnum triangulare, Link, Sp. Fil. p. 78; Lowe, Ferns, ix. t. 35. Blechnum aduncum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 85. Lomaria campylotis, Kunze in Linnea, xvii. p. 567, et xviii. p. 826; Liebm. loc. cit. p. 81. Blechnum glandulosum, Link, Sp. Fil. p. 78; Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 140; Liebm. loc. cit. p. 86. Blechnum ciliatum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 50, non Presl ex Fourn. Blechnum galeotti, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. 11. p. 196. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Rascon), mountains around San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 952); SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1830), Mirador (Linden, 23), cor- dillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6397: «. majus, 6285: 8. minus), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 277); GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Duefias 4300 feet (Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 456); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 20; Lévy, 495), neighbourhood of Granada:( Lévy, 407); Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama (Seemann, 18), Paraiso (S. Hayes, 99).—West Inpres to Citi and Soutn Braziz. Hb. Kew. 5. Blechnum serrulatum, Rich.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p.54; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 186; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 141, t. 19. FLoripa.— Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 399).—West Inpies; Guiana; Brazit; Aus- TRALIA; ManLay ARCHIPELAGO. Hb. Kew. 6. Blechnum unilaterale, Willd.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 184; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 112; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Blechnum polypodioides, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 53, t. 60; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 45; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 50; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 87. Blechnum scabrum, Liebm. loc. cit. p. 84. Blechnum angustifrons, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 25, t. 9. fig. 2, ex Fourn. Sours Mexico, Mirador and Teotalcingo (Liebmann), Jalapa (Schiede), Llano Verde in the cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6383); Costa Rica (Harrison).—West INDIES to Perv and Soura Brazit. Hb. Kew. 23. WOODWARDIA. Woodwardia, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 188. Six species, spread all round the northern hemisphere, chiefly in the temperate zone. FILICES. 629 1. Woodwardia radicans, Smith; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 66; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 188; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 87; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 117, t. 61. Woodwardia spinulosa, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 64. Woodwardia radicans, B. mexicana, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 207. Cattrornia.—Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1929), San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Sovura Mexico, Huatusco (Liebmann), Popocatepetl 7500 feet (Schaffner), Chiapas &c. ((Ghiesbreght, 211; Linden, 1527), Misantla (Hahn); GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Mapzira; Canaries; Sours Europe; Himarayas; Sumatra; Java; Japan. Hb. Kew. Tribe VIII. ASPLENIEZ. This Tribe consists of the genus Aspleniwm, and the two distinct monotypic genera Allantodia and Actiniopteris, both confined to the Old World and Polynesia. 24, ASPLENIUM. Asplenium, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 190, et ed. 2, p. 482, t. 4. fig. 38. As constituted in Hooker and Baker’s ‘ Synopsis Filicum,’ this genus comprises 330 species, which are spread over the whole area of the Order. 1. Asplenium abscissum, Willd. ex Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 203; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257. Asplenium firmum, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iti. p. 184, t.174; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 259, t. 80. figg. 15-1. Asplenium salicifolium, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 106, cum var. 8. minus. Asplenium polymorphum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 56, t. 15. fig. 2; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 94. Fioripa.—SovtH Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), Itzhuatlancillo(Bourgeau, 2347), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2020), cordillera of Vera Cruz at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6295) ; Guatemata, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Saivin).—Cusa to Peru and Sourn Brazit. Hb. Kew. 2. Asplenium (Athyrium) achilleefolium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 97; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 230; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 227. Athyrium achilleefolium, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 101. Cenopteris achilleefolia, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 63, t. 16. Asplenium athyrioides, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 83, teste Fourn. Asplenium grande, Fée, loc. cit. p. 82 (species). Athyrium grande, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 101. Athyrium conchatum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 188, t. 17; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). South Mexico, Mirador (Ziebmann), Cerro de San Martin (Galeotti, 6569: concha- tum), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3612), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 369 a), Totutla (Linden), cordillera of Vera Cruz 3500 feet (Galeotti, 6279), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2009: 630 . FILICES. grande); GUATEMALA, Volcan de Agua (Salvin), Chilasco (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 3. Asplenium (Diplazium) anisophyllum, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p.111, t.166; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 204; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257, Diplazium camptocarpon, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 84; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 109 (species). Asplenium sanguinolentum, Kunze; Mett. Aspl. p. 98, t. 4. fig. 10; Hook. Sp. Fil. p. 114. Asplenium feei, Kunze; Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 194, et 7° Mém. Foug. p. 49, t. 15. fig. 2; Fourn. Mex, Pl. Enum. i. p. 106. GuATEMALA, Chojoja, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 407); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 475).—Cusa to Braziz; the Ganapacos; Tropical and ExrraTRopicaL Sour ArricaA; Bourson. Hb. Kew. 4, Asplenium (Diplazium) arboreum, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii, p. 246; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 233; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica (Harrison).—West Inpizs; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 5. Asplenium arcuatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 89; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 142, t. 189; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 197; Mett. Aspl. p. 136; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 104. Asplenium curvatum, Liebm. in Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. ex Fourn. Asplenium obtusissimum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 197, ex Mett. SovrH Mexico, Zacuapan 3000 feet (Liebmann), cordillera of Vera Cruz at 2000 feet (Galeotti, 6299; Linden, 69). Hb. Kew. Fournier cites a number of additional localities, including San Luis Potosi, for this species, of which he distinguishes three varieties. 6. Asplenium auriculatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 118, t. 171; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 203. Asplenium discolor, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 65; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 105. Asplenium semicordatum, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 86, t. 52. fig. 1; Mett. Aspl. p. 102; Fourn. loc. cit. cum varietatibus. Asplenium bicrenatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 93. Asplenium pimpinellifolium, Fée et Schaff. in Fée, 7° Mém. Foug, p. 52, t. 25. fig. 5. SourH Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz), Oaxaca at 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6505: pimpinellifolium), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 425); Guaremaua, Chilasco (Salvin & Godman).—West InpiEs to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Asplenium auritum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 178; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 208; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 106, varietates a. obscurum, 8. monodon, y- bipinnatisectum, 8. dissectum, e. tripinnatum, et %. feniculaceum ; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 58; Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 192. Asplenium mood Liebm., A. pyramidatum, Liebm., et A. corifolium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 95-97. FILICES. 631 Asplenium sulcatum, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 808; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 44. Asplenium laxum, Desv., A. schottii, Presl, et A. petroselinum, Liebm. teste Fourn. loc. cit. Asplenium mexicanum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 62, t. 15. fig.4; Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 382. Asplenium fragrans, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 181; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 216. Asplenium feniculaceum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 15. Asplenium recognitum, Kunze; Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 191, teste Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 180. Asplenium rigidum, Swartz, teste Hook. Souts Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 5: recognitum), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 281, 404, 439: rigidum), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1829: monodon), Hacienda de Jovo (Lieb- mann: monodon), Jalapa 3000 to 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6391: bipinnatisectum), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1827, in part: bipinnatisectum); GuatemaLa, Vera Paz (Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 464), Coban (Godman & Salvin); Satvavor, Sonsonate (Skinner); Panama (Seemann, 9). Although A. fragrans is retained nominally as an independent species in Hooker and Baker’s ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ it is there stated that they held the forms so named as more compound states of A. auritum. Among those bearing the name fragrans in the Kew Herbarium are:—Soutn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1827 bis), Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6547), Tepitongo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. ((hiesbreght, 403: Linden, 1534), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, &c. (Jurgensen, 789); GUATEMALA, mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin), Volcan de Fuego and Chilasco (Godinan & Salvin) ; Panama, Boquete (Seemann, 1548).—West Inpies to Peru and Brazin; Mapacascar ; Bourson; NEILGHERRIES. Hb. Kew. 8. Asplenium bisectum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 152, t. 192; Hook. et _ Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 211; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison).—Weust Inpizs and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 9. Asplenium bulbiferum, Forst.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 196; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 423; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 218; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111. Athyrium macrocarpum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 188; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 102. Asplenium myapteron, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 82, ex Fourn. Asplenium macrocarpum, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 219), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6555); GuaTEMALA, mountain forests of Vera Paz 7000 feet (Salvin), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin). —Mountains of Norra Inpia to New ZEALAND, MaAscaRENE IsLANDs, and Soura AFRICA. Hb. Kew. Fournier mentions that he had not seen Mexican specimens of this species. 10. Asplenium (Diplazium) callipteris, Baker; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 231. Diplazium callipteris, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 214. Nicaragua, Chontales (Jévy, 503 bis)—West Inpies; Perv. 632 FILICES. 11. Asplenium caripense, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 106. Asplenium cuneatum, var. caripense, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 356, teste Fourn. SoutH Mexico, on walls at Teapa, Tabasco (Linden).—CoLomBIA. This is probably under some other name in the Kew Herbarium. 12. Asplenium cicutarium, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 198; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 220; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 110 (varietates plures); Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 612. Darea cicutaria, Willd. et D. myriophylla, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. pp. 300, 301. Asplenium dissectum, Link, Enum. p. 98, ex Mett. Aspl. p. 116. Soutu Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c (Jurgensen, 733), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1641: y. fissum, Fourn.), around the city of Mexico (Schmitz), cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6298: jissum), Oaxaca 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6502); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 1479)—-West Inpies to Peru and Tropica Arrica. Hb. Kew. 13. Asplenium coriaceum, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 193, et 7° Mém. p. 46, t. 15. fig. 1, non Desy. nec Bory, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 103; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 89. MEXxiIco, without locality (Galeotti). Hooker and Mettenius suggest that this may be A. ensiforme, Wall., a common Indian species. It may have been wrongly recorded as- Mexican. 14, Asplenium (Diplazium) costale, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 254; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 236; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison).—West Inpies to Perv. Hb. Kew. 15. Asplenium (Diplazium) crenulatum, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 236. Diplazium crenulatum, Liebm. et D. amplum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp- 102 et 104. Asplenium (Diplazium) expansum, Willd. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 109, quoad var. £. SoutH Mexico, Misantla (Ziebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 868), Tabasco (Linden, 1491), Aguas Santas, Mirador (Liebmann: amplum).—Wusrt Inp1Es to Brazit and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 16. Asplenium cultrifolium, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p.110; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 203; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. GuaTEMALA, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin): Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Bojio (S. Hayes, 355).—West Inpirs to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 17. Asplenium dentatum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 130; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 196; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 106; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. il, p. 249, t. 80. figg. 1-3. : FILICES. 633 Asplenium polymorphum, Mart. et Gall. quoad exsicc. et in sched. Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p- 330, teste Fourn. loc. cit. Fioripa.—Sovuta Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 77); Guaremata, Volcan de Fuego (God- man & Salvin).—Brrmupas; Bawamas; West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 18. Asplenium distans, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 198; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 109. SourH Mexico, Cerro de San Martin, Oaxaca ((aleotti, 6529). An obscure species, founded on one of Galeotti’s numbers, which does not appear to be represented in the Kew Herbarium. 19. Asplenium divaricatum, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 71; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 204; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 219; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111. SourH Mexico, near Jitotole (Linden), caves in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2002).—CotomBia to CHILI. We have seen no Mexican specimens of this species, and Bourgeau’s 2002 we did not find in the Kew Herbarium. 20. Asplenium (Athyrium) filix-foemina, Bernh.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 217; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 227; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 225, t. 76. Athyrium michauzxii, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 120; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 102. Asplenium michauxii, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. p. 88; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 62. Asplenium dombeyi, Desy. in Ann. Soc. Linn. vi. p. 266; Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 320. Athyrium bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 102. Athyrium martensii, Kunze in Sill. Journ. vi. 1848, p. 86. Athyrium yaleotti, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 187. Sitka and Lasprapor southward.—NorrH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust) ; SoutH Mexico, San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 1042: bourgei), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 229, 267), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 919: martensii), San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 1037: dom- beyt), peak of Orizaba 9500 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 6269: Linden, 46; galeottii).— ‘West Inpizs, VENEZUELA, and Arctic Evrore to the mountains of TRoprcaL AFRICA and Inpia. Hb. Kew. 21. Asplenium formosum, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 329; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 143; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 16; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 210; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 612; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 59; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 89; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 104, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257. Asplenium subalatum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 312, t. 71. SoutH Mzxico, without locality (Beechey: subalatum), Zacuapan (Leibold), Mirador (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 390), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz, and Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6314, 6471), Tepitongo, Oaxaca (Liebmann); Guatamata, Alotenango (God- man & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales and Granada (Lévy, 477, 1143); Costa Rica BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. 4m | 634 FILICES. (Harrison); Panama, Obispo Falls (S. Hayes, 649).—West Inpigs to Peru and Brazit, and in TropicaL Asta and Arrica. Hb. Kew. 22. Asplenium fournieri, Kuhn in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xvii. p. 237, et xix. p. 257. Nicaragua, Omotepe and Granada (Lévy, 1159, 1312). 23. Asplenium fragile, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 144; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 932; Mett. Aspl. p. 125; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 103. Scuta Mexico, at the foot of Cerro de las Navajas (Ehrenberg).—Co.oms1a to Peru. 24. Asplenium franconis, Mett. Aspl. p. 166, t. 50. fig. 30; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 261; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 109, cum B. gracile. Diplazium franconis, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 104; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 172. Norta Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Rascon); Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2606), between Tonagua and Roayaga, Oaxaca 4000 to 5000 feet (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 732), Mirador (Liebmann), forest of Chiquihite (Bourgeau, 2149 bis: gracile), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 360); GuaTEMALa, Chilasco and Escuintla (Godman & Salvin), Volcan de Agua (Salvin)—West Inv1xs ; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 25. Asplenium furcatum, Thunb.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 165; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 214; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p.107; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55; Mett. Aspl. p. 159; Eaton, in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Asplenium premorsum, Swartz; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 685. Asplenium nigricans, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 69. Asplenium laserpitiifolium, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 48?, ex Fourn. Nort Mexico, San Miguelito Mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 956); Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 25), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1824), Jalapa (Galeotti, 6390), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 627), Zacuapan (Leibold), Pedregal (Schmitz), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 215, 282); Guatemaua, without locality (Skinner), Coban (Salvin & Godman); Costa Rica (Harrison).—West InpiEs to Perv, and widely spread in the OLD Worip. Hb. Kew. 26. Asplenium ghiesbreghtii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 111, t. 5; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 492. Sout Mexico, Barranca de Tlacolula (Ghiesbreght). 27. Asplenium (Athyrium) gracile, Four. Mex. Pl. Enum. p- 102. Soutn Mexico, Pedregal, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 252). 28. Asplenium (Diplazium) grandifolium, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 241; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. i. p. 231; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p- 208. | FILICES. | 635 Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 503; Lévy, 503).—CusBa to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 29. Asplenium hahnii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 109. South Mexico, Escamela, near Orizaba (Hahn). 80. Asplenium (Diplazium) harrisoni, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 31. Asplenium hastatum, Klotzsch ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 116, t. 172; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 205. GuaTEMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin).—Jamatca; CotomB1a; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 32. Asplenium (Anisogonium) kunzei, Mett. Aspl. p. 171; Hook. Sp. Fil. ill. p. 266; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 243; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. | Nicaraeua, Chontales (Lévy).—Ecvapor and Perv. 33. Asplenium lacerum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 612; Mett. Aspl. p. 105, t. 5. fig. 26; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 183; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Ennm. i. p. 107. Sout Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 49), Jalapa (Schiede & Deppe). 34. Asplenium letum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 133, t. 173; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 210. Asplenium schkuhriana, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 107; Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 355; Fourn. Mex: Pl. Enum. i. p. 105. Asplenium lugubre, Liebm., et A. miradorense, Liebm, Mexicos Bregner, p. 91. Asplenium fraternum, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 16, ex Fourn. Asplenium nanum, Willd.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 104, _ Sourn Mexico, Tabasco (Linden, 1493), cordillera of Vera Cruz 4500 feet (Galeotti, 6288), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 426), forests of Chiquihite (Bourgeau, 2151), Mirador (Liebmann: schkuhrianum), Mirador (Liebmann: méiradorense); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair); Panama (Seemann, 369: fraternum).—Cusa; Cotompia. Hb. Kew. 35. Asplenium lamprocaulon, Fée, 5* Mém. Foug. p. 197, ex Fourn. Mex Pl. Enum. i. p. 105. Asplenium semicordatum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 59, non Raddi. SoutH Mexico, Llano Verde 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6340), “‘ Yerba Buena” (Linden). 36. Asplenium levyi, Four. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257. Nicaraeua, Chontales (Lévy, 474). 87. Asplenium (Diplazium) lindbergii, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 318; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 236; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 109, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. South Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 20), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 364); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 1459).—CoLomBia to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 4m 2 636 FILICES. 38. Asplenium lunulatum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 202; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 105, partim. Asplenium erectum, Bory in Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p.328; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 126; Mett. Aspl. p. 122; Fourn. loc. cit., 8. harpeodes. Asplenium falcatum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 58, non Willd. Asplenium harpeodes, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 829; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 90. Asplenium pendulum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 196. Asplenium resupinum, Lherm. ex Fourn. Soura Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 391, 424, 435), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2369: lunulatum, y. latius), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 76), Totutla 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6407: erectum, B. harpeodes, Fourn.); GuatEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 23).— Generally dispersed in the Tropics and extending into some parts of the Sourn TEm- PERATE ZONE. It is also found in many remote islands, as AscENSION, St. HELENA, TRISTAN DA CunHA, and Juan Fernanpez. Hb. Kew. 89. Asplenium (Diplazium) macrotis, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 40. Asplenium (Hemidictyum) marginatum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 271; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 63; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 246. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 378); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 29 ; ‘Seemann, 194).—Cupa to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. 41. Asplenium monanthemum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 140; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 197; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 103; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188. Asplenium galeotiti, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 192. Asplenium leptophyllum, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 50, t. 14. fig. 2. Asplenium inequilaterale, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 57, non Willd. ARIZONA.—MExIco, common and ranging from 1000 to 11,500 feet ( Galeotti, 6262, 6296, 6369, 6370, 6365, 6479, 6556; Ghiesbreght, 248, 245, 289; Coulter, 1701: Bourgeau, 260, 1047; Linden, 1535, 1554); Guaremata (Skinner ; Salvin & Godman) ; Nicaragua (Stnclair).—Jamaica and through the Andes to Cum1; AFRIca; PoLyNEsIA &c. Hb. Kew. 42. Asplenium moritzianum, Klotzsch, var. depauperatum, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 102. Athyrium moritzianum, Fourn. loc. cit. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6503).—CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA. We probably have this under some other name at Kew. 43. Asplenium nigricans, Eaton; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed, 2, p. 483. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 377). Hb. Kew. FILICES, 637 44. Asplenium obesum, Baker in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 209. GuaTeMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 119). Hb. Kew. 45. Asplenium obtusifolium, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 119, t. 169; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 202. Asplenium riparium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 92. Asplenium repandulum, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p.65; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 56. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2014), Mirador (Linden, 68), Jalapa (Harris), cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6274), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), Santa Rita near Misantla (Hahn, 362), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 416).—West INDIES to SoutH Brazin. Hb. Kew. : 46. Asplenium (Diplazium) plantagineum, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 237; _ Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 230; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 108 (cum 2. crenatum), et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257. Diplazium plantagineum, Swartz; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 100. Diplazium acuminatum, Lodd.; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 51. SoutH Mexico, Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6398), Mirador (Linden, 28), valley of Mexico (Schmitz), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2013), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 441) ; GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Coban (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chon- tales (Seemann, 199).—West Inpies to Braziz. Hb. Kew. 47. Asplenium pumilum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 174; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 212; Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. t. 15. fig. 4; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 95; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.i. p. 106; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Asplenium anthriscifolium, Jacq. Coll. 1. p. 108, t. 2. figg. 3 et 4. Asplenium minimum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 55, t. 15. fig. 1. Norto Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1157); Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2331; Bourgeau, 2783), San Blas (Beechey), Teapa (Linden, 1486); GuaTemaLa, San Gerdnimo (Godman & Salvin) ; Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann).—West InpiEs to CoLomBia, and in ZANGUEBAR and Norra Inpia. Hb. Kew. 48. Asplenium (Diplazium) radicans, Schkuhr; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 241. Asplenium dubium, Mett.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 261, partim. Sourh Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 362)—Cupa to Peru and Braz. Hb. Kew. A ambiguum, Raddit (Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257), from Nicaragua (Lévy, 1471), may be this species. 638 FILICES. 49, Asplenium rhizophorum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 122, t. 1874; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 204; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Asplenium amabile, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 99. Asplenium flabellulatum, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 71. Sovra Mexico, Pochutla, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 423); Guatz- MALA, Coban and Chilasco (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Harrison).—West INDIES to Perv and Sotomon Istanps. Hb. Kew. This is a very variable fern, exhibiting pinnate, bipinnate, and tripinnate varieties ; those from within our limits are all bi- or tripinnate, excepting one from Costa Rica. 50. Asplenium rhizophyllum, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 200; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 220; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 110; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 99. Asplenium myriophyllum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 18; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 37, t. 51. figg. 1-3. Cenopteris myriophylla, Willd.; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 63. Asplenium verecundum, Chapm.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111. Fioripa.—SovutH Mexico, cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6250), Chiapas (Landen, 1548), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 1495); Guaremaza, Coban (Godman & Salvin) ; Cocos IstanD (Hinds).—Tropica America; Potynesta. Hb. Kew. 51. Asplenium rutaceum, Mett.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 203; Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 84; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 220. SourH Mexico, Lobani, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght).—Jamatca to Ecvapor and in the Ganapacos. Hb. Kew. Some of the forms referred to A. rutaceuwm might with equal propriety be referred to A. rhizophyllum. 52. Asplenium salicifolium, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 112; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 200; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 257. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 232, 233; Lévy, 515 bis); Panama (Seemann, 261).— West Inpizs to Perv and Rio Janerro. Hb. Kew. 53. Asplenium schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 110. Diplazium feei, Schaff. in Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 85, et 9° Mém. p. 19, ex Fourn. Souta Mexico, Barranca de San Martin, near Orizaba (Schaffner). 54. Asplenium serra, Langsd. et Fisch.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 154; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 206; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 107, cum var. £. Asplenium insigne, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 94. Asplenium progrediens, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 81. Soutn Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2781), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1842); Guatemata, Coban and Choctum (Godman & Salvin), Las Nubes (Hartweg); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair), without locality (Tate, 25).—Cusa to Perv and Brazit, and in Tropica, Arrica. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 639 55. Asplenium serratum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 81; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 193 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 103 (var. Jatius); Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 17, t. 3. Asplenium nidus, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 34, t. 58, non Linn. FLoripa.—Souta Mexico, Oaxaca 2500 feet (Galeotti, 6482); GuaTemana, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin), Chilion near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 424); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 486 ; Tate, 400); Panama (Seemann, 3).—West Inpies to Perv and Brazit, and in Potynesia. Hb. Kew. 56. Asplenium sessilifolium, Desv. in Berl. Mag. v. p. 322, ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 104. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sours Muxtco, Cofre de Perote (Hahn).—CotomsBia; Perv. This is reduced to A. triphyllwm, Presi, in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ and there are no specimens of that species from within our limits in the Kew Herbarium. 57. Asplenium (Diplazium) shepherdi, Spreng.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 233; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 108; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p-. 362. Diplazium shepherdi, Link, Sp. Fil. p. 84. Diplazium anthraxacolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 84. Asplenium denticulosum, Desv. Berl. Mag. v. p. 323; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 61; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Diplazium inequilaterum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 103; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p- 172 (species). Asplenium inequilaterale, Liebm. ; Fée, 9e Mém. Foug. p. 17. Asplenium auriculatum, Mett. Aspl. p. 164. Asplenium arboreum, Willd. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 233 (species) . Diplazium actuale, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 215, ex Fourn. Asplenium aspidiiforme, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 199; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Asplenium schiedei, Mett. Aspl. p. 165; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Diplazium lonchophyllum, Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 141, et xviii. p. 633 ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 102. Nort Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Rascon); SourH Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 361), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1441: denticulosum), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2364: schiedei); GuareMaLA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin: auricu- latum) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 515: denticulosum); Costa Rica (Harrison).— Cupa to Perv and Sours Braziu. Hb. Kew. 58. Asplenium (Athyrium) skinneri, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 226. Athyrium skinneri, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil.; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 256. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner; Godman & Salvin, 285); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy, 380). Hb. Kew. 59. Asplenium (Darea) solmsii, Baker, n. sp. “A stipite elongato basi paleis castaneis lanceolatis firmulis predito ; frondibus oblongo-lanceolatis 640 FILICES. tripinnatifidis glabris viridibus, pinnis lanceolatis, pinnulis sessilibus lanceolatis profunde pectinato-pinnatifidis, segmentis tertiareis erecto-patentibus lanceolatis segregatis 5—6-jugis ; soris oblongis marginalibus. Lamina pedalis et ultra, 6-7 poll. lata, stipite 6-8 pollicari ; pinne inferiores 3-4 poll. longe, 12-18 lineas latee ; pinnule centrales 9-10 lineas longe, segmentis tertiareis 1} lineas longis. Ad A. bulbiferi formas dareoideas magis accedit.” Baker MSS. GuateMaLa, Cuesta de Atitlan (Bernoulli & Cario, 317). Hb. Kew. 60. Asplenium (Diplazium) sylvaticum, Pres! ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iti. p. 248, partim; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 232; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 362. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison).—TropicaL Asta and Arrica, and in Poty- nEsIA. Hb. Kew. This appears to be the first and only record of the occurrence of this species in America. 61. Asplenium (Anisogonium) ternatum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 265; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 242; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 108. , Diplazium ternatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 100. . Sout Muxico, between Tonagua and Roayaga, and Teotalcingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Misantla (Hahn). Hb. Kew. 62. Asplenium trichomanes, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iii. p. 136; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 196; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 271, t. 36. figg. 1-3, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188. Asplenium heterochroum, Kunze in Linnza, ix. p. 67; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 60; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 103 (species). Asplenium resiliens, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 331; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 88. Asplenium parvulum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 60, t. 15. fig. 3; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 279, t. 86. figg. 5 et 6, non Hook. (species). Asplenium rhizophorum et A. erectum?, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. ex Fourn. Asplenium trichomanoides, Kunze in Sillim. Journ. July 1848, p. 5, non Michaux, fide Eaton. Asplenium densum, Brock. in Bot. Am. Expl. Exped. p. 152, t. 20. fig. 3. Asplenium melanocaulon, Willd. ; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 104 (species). Asplenium castaneum, Ch. et Schl, in Linnea, v. p. 611; Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 832; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Canapa and British CoLUMBIA southward.—MExIco, very common and ascending to 11,000 feet ; Guaremata, Alotenango and Volcan de Fuego above 11,000 feet (Godman & Salvin).—CotomBia to Peru, and widely dispersed in Norra and Sourn TEMPERATE Regions. Hb. Kew. Tribe IX. SCOLOPENDRIEA. This Tribe is limited to the genus Scolopendrium. 25. SCOLOPENDRIUM. | Scolopendrium, Smith ; Hook, et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 246, t. 4. fig. 41. FILICES. 641 There are nine species of this genus, which is restricted to the northern hemisphere, except two peculiar and distinct Brazilian species, constituting the genus Antigramme of Presl. 1. Scolopendrium (Schaffneria) nigripes, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 3; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 247. Schaffneria nigripes, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 56, t. 17; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 111. Asplenium (Schaffneria) nigripes, Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. ix. p. 268, t. 9. Souta Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2003), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 693; Schaffner, 47), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 302); Guatemata, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Scolopendrium vulgare, Sm.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 1; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 247; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 247, t. 32. figg. 1 et 2. Scolopendrium lindeni, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 488. CanaDa southward.—Soutu Mexico, Chiapas (Linden, 1543; Ghiesbreght, 296, 307). —MapDeEira, the Azores, and Britain to Persra and Japan. Hb. Kew. Fournier does not include this fern in his Enumeration. Tribe X. ASPIDIEA. Six genera, five of which are known to be represented within our area; the other is Fadyenia, a monotype, which has hitherto been found only in Cuba and Jamaica. 26. DIDYMOCHLAENA. Didymochlena, Desy.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 248, t. 4. fig. 42. Besides the following there is one other species, which inhabits the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago. 1. Didymochlena lunulata, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 5, et Gard. Ferns, t. 17; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 248. Didymochlena sinuosa, Desv. Journ. de Bot. 1813, i. p. 23, t. 2. fig. 4; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 131, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 259. Sourn Mexico, Mount Algodon, three leagues from Misantla (Hahn); GuatEMALa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 30; Lévy, 469).—Cuza to Perv and Brazit; ArricA; MascaRENE IsLANDS; Matay PENINSULA and ARCHIPELAGO and the Fiyi Istanps. Hb. Kew. 27. ASPIDIUM. Aspidium, Swartz, partim ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 248, et ed. 2, p. 492. A generally diffused genus of about sixty species. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., December 1885. An 642 . FILICES. 1. Aspidium (Polystichum) aculeatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 18; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 252; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 188, et Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 123, t. 62; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 67; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 37. Polystichum pallidum, Fourn., P. distans, Fourn., P. Miilleri, Fourn., P. confluens, Fourn., et P. drepanoides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. pp. 91 et 92 (species propriz). Polystichum platyphyllum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 91, vix Presl. Polystichum muricatum, Fée, P. grande, Fée, P. ordinatum, Fée, et P. rhachichlena, Fée ex Fourn. loc. cit. Aspidium muricatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 264; Kuhn, Beitr. Mex. Farrnkr. p. 11. Polystichum moritzianum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 367. Polystichum ordinatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 128. Polystichum vestitum, Pres] (Aspidium vestitum, Swartz), Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 148 ; Schkuhr Krypt. Gewiich. t. 43. Aspidium hartwegii, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 366. Aspidium crinitum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 66. Canaba and British CoLuMBiA, southward.—MeExico, exceedingly common and vari- able. The following specimens represent the principal forms in the Kew Herbarium : Region of Orizaba at Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2350: ordinatum), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 914: rhachichlena), between San Bartolo and Pueblo Nuevo, Chiapas (Linden, 1536: miilleri), Huatusco (Laebmann: muricatum), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2350 bis: distans); GuateMaLA, Las Nubes (Hartweg, 631: hartwegii); PANAMA, Boquete (Seemann, 1118: vestitum).—EVERYWHERE except the coldest regions. Hb. Kew. | [A. amplificatum, Fée ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 94=Polystichum amplificatum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 89 et 9° Mém. p. 23, is an obscure species. It is recorded from Cordova, Schaffner. A. cheiloplotium, Fée, 8° Mém. p. 103, from Orizaba, is in the same category. | 2. Aspidium (Cyrtomium) juglandifolium, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 38; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 257; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 22], t. 75. fig. 5-8. Polypodium juglandifolium, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vii. t. 665. Phanerophlebia juglandifolia, J. Sm.in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 187; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p- 100. Amblia juglandifolia, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 185; Fourn. in Bull. Soc, Bot. France, xxii. p. 171. Phanerophlebia nobilis, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 85, t. 2. fig. 19; Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 49.4; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 124. Phanerophlebia tindeni, Fourn., et P. remotispora, Fourn. loc. cit. Phanerophilebia pumila, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 282. Cyrtomium juglandifolium, Thos. Moore, et C. nobile, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. ii. p. “er 7. Aspidium pumilum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 64, t. 17. fig. 1. Aspidium nobile, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 610; Kunze, Farrnkr. t. 67. Trxas.—Norta Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Rascon), San Luis Potosi (Virlet @ Aoust); Soura Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 414), Mirador (Liebmann), around Mexico (Schmitz ; Schaffner ; Graham); region of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6343, 6554), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2348), pine forests of Ciudad Real, Chiapas FILICES., 643 (Linden, 1551: lindeni), the same locality (Linden, 1554; Ghiesbreght, 209: pumila), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2349: remotispora); GUATEMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Venuzunta. Hb. Kew. | 3. Aspidium (Cyclodium) meniscoides, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 36; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 256. Aspidium meniscoides, Pres], Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 256. Aspidium confertum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 121. Nicaraeva, Chontales (Lévy, 1459) West Inpiss to Peru and Braz. Hb. Kew. 4. Aspidium nicaraguense, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 493. Bathmium nicaraguense, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 256; Bot. Zeit. 1873, p. 7. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 451; Lévy, 451). Hb. Kew. 5. Aspidium (Polystichum) melanostictum, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 34, t. 2338; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 256; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 68; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98. Polystichum melanostictum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 124. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2360), forests around Misantla (Hahn), Mirador (Liebmann), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6320), forest of Chiquihite (Bourgeau, 2148). Hb. Kew. | [Aspidium (Polystichum) seemanni, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 34, t. 230, is incorrectly recorded from Panama in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum,’ instead of the Bay of Ardita, which is situated a considerable distance to the south. ] 6. Aspidium (Polystichum) semicordatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 16; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 249; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 250. Nephrodium semicordatum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. p. 32. Sout Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 411); Guarema.a, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales and Granada (Lévy, 291, 1150); Panama, Rio Obispo (S. Hayes, 74), without locality (Seemann).—Cusa to Peru; Matay Peninsuna and ARCHIPELAGO; PHILIPPINES. Hb. Kew. 7. Aspidium trifoliatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 45; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 258; Eaton in Proc, Am. Acad, xviii. p. 188. Bathmium trifoliatum, Link, Fil. Sp. p. 114; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 99. Polypodium cordifolium, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 31, t. 4. fig. 2. Drynaria cordifolia, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 270. Aspidium heracleifolium, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 147; Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 65. Bathmium heracleifoum, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 287; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 171. Fioripa.—NortH Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Lascon), San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust), Guajuco, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1437) ; Sour# Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Schmitz), Teotalcingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 4n2 644 FILICES. 1939), Cuernavaca, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1314), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 408), Jalapa (Harris), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6312), Mirador (Linden, 25 ; Liebmann); Guatemaua, Choctum and Escuintla (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracva, Chontales (Tate, 38, 39; Lévy, 500; Seemann, 205); Panama (Seemann, 1).—Banamas to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 28. NEPHRODIUM. Nephrodium, Rich. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 259, et ed. 2, p. 493, t. 5. fig. 44. Of this genus there are 285 species described in the second edition of Hooker and Baker’s ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ and they are spread over nearly the whole area of the Order. ‘1. Nephrodium (Lastrea) amplum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 286. Polypodium (Phegopteris) sloanei, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 251, et xviii. p. 322; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 263; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 55. Nephrodium (Lastrea) palatanganum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 260. Aspidium amplum, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 74, excl. synon. Eat. Fil. Wright; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98. Aspidium equestre, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 347; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Lastrea equestris, Liebm., et L. ciliata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 121. Aspidium excelsum, Mett. excl. synon. fide Fourn. Phegopteris inequalis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 91, et 9° Mém. Foug. p. 23, fide Fourn. loc. cit. ut syn. A. equestris. Aspidium bourgei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98 (species). Phegopteris galeottii, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 243; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Polypodium galeottii, Mart. in Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 48, t. 7. fig. 3. Phegopteris stenolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 89. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1838: equestre, 1839: bourgai, 1790), Mirador (Liebmann); Guatemata, Choctum and Coban (Godman & Salvin) ; Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 376), without locality (Cuming, 1300).—Wesr INDIEs to Ecuapor ; and there is a plant in the Kew Herbarium from Pitcairn Island which may be the same species. Hb. Kew. 2. Nephrodium (Sagenia) athyrioides, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 363. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 3. Nephrodium brachyodon, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 83; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 295. Phegopteris seemanni, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 228, t. 49. Aspidium imbricatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 96, saltem quoad var. glabrescens. Polypodium imbricatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 58. South Mexico, Misantla (Hahn, 623); Guatemaua, Choctum (Godman & Salvin).—- West Inpies to PERu and the GALapagos; also in the Matay PeninsuLa and ARCcHI- PELAGO. Hb. Kew. The specimens recorded from Panama are from Western Colombia, further south. FILICES. 645 4. Nephrodium (Lastrea) caripense, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 99; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 265. Aspidium caripense, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 90; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 93. SoutH Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann); Guatemata, Coban (Godman & Salvin).—South- ward to Peru and Braz. Hb. Kew. Fournier cites several other Mexican localities. 5. Nephrodium chontalense, Hemsl. Aspidium chontalense, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 254. Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 516). 6. Nephrodium (Sagenia) cicutarium, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 299. Aspidium (Sagenia) cicutarium, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 48. Aspidium latifolium, Presi, Relig. Henk. i. p. 30; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 99. Sagenia mexicana, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 318, teste Fourn. Sout Mexico, Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6484), Trapiche de la Concepcion (Lveb- mann), Comaltepec (Liebmann) ; GuatTEMALA, without locality (Skinner; Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Zate, 87).—Southward to Perv and Brazit, and in Tropical Asta, Arrica, and Porynesia. Hb. Kew. 7. Nephrodium (Lastrea) concinnum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 268. Aspidium deltoideum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 93. Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1644); GUATEMALA, Duefias (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Cuti. Hb. Kew. 8. Nephrodium (Lastrea) conterminum, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 91; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 268; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 363. Aspidium exsudans, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98, varietates a. genuinum, B. mazus, y. feet, et 8. myriocarpum. Aspidium molliculum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 94, cum var. 8. majus et y. cheilanthoides. Aspidium oligocarpum, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 77, teste Fourn. Polypodium tetragonum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 43, non Swartz. Phegopteris tetragona, Fée, et P. pilosula, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 22. Polypodium litigiosum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, 53? ex Fourn. Aspidium conterminum, Willd.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 94; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. il. p. 278. Polypodium rivulorum, Kunze, Syn. Pl. Poepp. p. 114, non Raddi ex Fourn. loc. cit. Nephrodium panamense, Presl, Relig. Henk. p. 35. Fioripa.—Sovutn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1442: molliculum), Mirador (Liebmann : litigiosum), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 200), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2361: exsudans, y. feet), cordillera of Vera Cruz 3000 feet (Galeott?, 6306 : exsudans, 8. majus), Mirador (Liebmann: exsudans, «. genuinum), Hacienda de Tuspango (Bourgeau, 2356 : exsudans, 5. myriocarpum); GuateMaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 443), Vera Paz 646 FILICES. (Tiirkheim); Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 416).—Southward to CuI, and in the Istz or Bourson. Hb. Kew. This fern is very common in South Mexico and Central America, and the above is only a selection of the numerous localities recorded, or represented in the Kew Herbarium, preference having been given to those illustrating forms that have been named either as distinct species or varieties. Aspidium ghiesbreghti, Fourn. loc. cit., is almost certainly a variety of N. conter- minum, for Fournier says of it: “Differt a precedente [conterminum] indusio latiore suborbiculari persistente.” _ 9. Nephrodium cumingianum, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 237, t. 50; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 63; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 287. Aspidium (Nephrodium) cumingianum, Kunze, Farrnkr. p. 17, t. 9. fig. 2. Panama, Coiba (Seemann, 646), Chagres (Fendler, 391); Panama or COLOMBIA (Cuming, 1123). Hb. Kew. 10. Nephrodium (Lastrea) denticulatum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 147; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 287. Aspidium klotzschii, Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 23. Aspidium denticulatum, Swartz, Syn. Fil. p. 57; Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. n. 59; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 99. Aspidium jucundum, Fée, 10° Mém. Foug. p. 41, t. 42. fig. 1. Aspidium letum, Swartz, Vetensk. Acad. Handel. 1817, p. 63, t. 4. fig. 3. Sour Mexico, San Cristobal (Bourgeau, 3189), Chiapas, pine forests of San Bartolo (Linden, 1520; Ghiesbreght, 354); Guatemaza, Chilasco (Salvin & Godman).—West Inpies to SoutH Brazit. Hb. Kew. 11. Nephrodium (Lastrea) effusum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 287, et in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 363. Polypodium (Phegopteris) divergens, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 265. Phegopteris divergens, Fée, et P. effusa, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 23; Fourn. Mex. P]. Enum. i. p. 90. Polypodium dilatatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 56; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 264. Soura Mexico, Zacuapan (Leibold), Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann : dilatatum), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2012), around Mexico (Schmitz); GuaTeMaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Harrison).—Cusa to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 12. Nephrodium (Lastrea) falciculatum, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 102; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 264. SoutH Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 70), cordillera of Vera Cruz 3500 feet (Galeotti, 6290); Nicaragua (Zate, 32).—Southward to Peru and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 13, Nephrodium (Lastrea) filix-mas, Rich.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p- 116; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 272. Aspidium filix-mas, Swartz; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 311, t. 41. Aspidium paleaceum, Don; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 92, cum var. 6 et +. FILICES. 647 Aspidium (Nephrodium) parallelogrammum, Kunze, Addit. Enum. Fil. Mex. in Linnea, xiii. p. 146. Lastrea parallelogramma, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 119. Dichasium parallelogrammum, Fée, et D. patentissimum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 302, t. 23. Aspidium crinitum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 66, t. 17. fig. 2 (mala). Aspidium pseudo-filiz-mas, Fee, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 108. CaNnaDA southward.—Nortu Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’ Aoust); Sourn Mxxico, cordillera of Oaxaca 6000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6348), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 213); Guaremata, Volcan de Xetuch, near Quezaltenango (Hartweg, 570), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and very widely dispersed in Temperate Rearons, though it does not reach either Australia or New Zealand. Hb. Kew. The common form in Mexico is paleacewm, which, according to Eaton (loc. sup. cit.) does not occur either in the United States or Canada; yet it is common in Europe and some parts of Asia, and it is also found in the Hawaiian Islands. Mephrodium filix- mas, var. paleaceum, corresponds to the var. parallelogrammum of Hooker’s ‘ Species Filicum.’ [Aspidium flaccidum, Fourn. (in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 327), from San Luis Potosi (Schaffner) we probably have at Kew under some other name. | 14. Nephrodium (Lastrea) grisebachii, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 285. GUATEMALA, Chilasco and Volcan de Fuego 7000 feet (Godman & Salvin).—Cusa. Hb. Kew. 15. Nephrodium (Lastrea) guatemalense, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 498. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght); GuaTemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 16. Nephrodium (Lastrea) karwinskyanum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 279. Aspidium karwinskyanum, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 59; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 255. Lastrea mexicana, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 120, non Presl. South Mexico, Comaltepec 2500 to 3000 feet (Liebmann); Guatemata, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Omotepe (Lévy, 1132). Hb. Kew. 17. Nephrodium (Lastrea) lanceolatum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 498. GuateMaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 18. Nephrodium levyi, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 502. Aspidium levyi, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 463, et in Bot. Zeit. 1873, p. 7. Nicaraeua, Chontales 2000 feet (Lévy, 463). Hb. Kew. 648 FILICES. 19. Nephrodium (Lastrea) lindeni, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 493. Aspidium lindeni, Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 116. Polypodium subincisum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 43, non Willd. Sourn Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1489). Hb. Kew. We have followed Kuhn in citing Polypodium subincisum, Mart. et Gal., syn. Phego- pteris subincisa, Fée, as a synonym; but Galeotti’s 6290 in the Kew Herbarium is certainly not the same species, and is referred to WV. falciculatum. Fournier retains P. subincisum as a distinct species, and places it next to V. martinicense, a variety of the wholly different WV. villosum. Thus it would appear that more than one species was distributed under Galeotti’s number 6290. Kuhn also records Guatemala (Godman and Salvin) for his Aspidium lindent. Aspidium lindeni, Fourn. (Mex. P]. Enum. i. p. 97), is unknown to us. It is from the same locality, by the same collector, and the description agrees very well with Kuhn’s A. lindeni, except as to the indusium and venation. 20. Nephrodium (Sagenia) macrophyllum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 300. Aspidium macrophyllum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 55 ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 125. Cardiochlena macrophylla, Fée, Gen. Fil. t. 248. Bathmium macrophyllum, Link, Fil. Sp. p.114; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 99. Aspidium peppigii, Presl, Epim. p. 62? Bathmium peppigii, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 256? South Mexico, Oaxaca 2000 feet (Galeotti, 6475; Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 407), Chiapas &c. ((Ghiesbreght, 431); GuaTEMaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 1437); Panama, Coiba (Seemann), Chagres (Fendler, 407), Empire Station (S. Hayes, 255).—Cusa to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 21. Nephrodium molle, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 67, partim; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 293; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 123. Aspidium molle, Swartz; Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 146; Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 103; Fourn. _ Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 96. Aspidium violascens, Link, Sp. Fil. p. 101; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Souta Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1505), region of Orizaba and Cordova (Bour- geau, 2363, 2367); Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair); Panama, Bojio (S. Hayes, 387).— Generally diffused in warm countTRizs. Hb. Kew. 22. Nephrodium pallidum, Hemsl. Aspidium pallidum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 96. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2779 bis), Cordova (Bourgeau, 1643). 23. Nephrodium (Lastrea) patens, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p.95; Hook. et Bak, Syn. Fil. p. 262; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 95. FILICES. 649 Aspidium patens, Swartz; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 182, t. 70, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. . 188. . Lastrea patens, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 75; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 119. Aspidium abruptum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 65, non Kunze, ex Fourn. Lastrea abrupta, Liebm. loc. cit. p. 122, non Presl. Phegopteris rudis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89, partim non Mett. Fil. Hort. Lips. p. 83. Aspidium lugubre, Fourn. loc. cit. an Mett. ? Aspidium conspersoides, Fée, et A. geropogon, Fée; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 95 (species propriz). Aspidium macrourum, Fourn. loc. cit., pro parte. Aspidium albicaule, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 102; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 94. SoutH CaroLina to Fioripa, Texas, and Catirornia.—Norra Mexico, San Miguelito Mountains (Schaffner, 965); Sournh Mexico, very common (Bourgeau, 1442, 1648: lugubre, Fourn., 1319 ; geropogon, Fourn., 2355 ; rudis, Fourn., 2367, 2779 ; macrourum, Fourn.; Linden, 1526, 1529; Ghiesbreght, 372); Guatemata (Salvin & Godman) ; Nicaragua (Sinclair)—Southward to CuILi, and widely spread in warm parts of the Otp Wortp. Hb. Kew. 24. Nephrodium (Lastrea) patulum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 276. Nephrodium (Lastrea) mexicanum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 138, t. 267. Aspidium mexicanum, Kunze in Linnea, xii. p. 147; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 225, et Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 97, var. a. obtusilobum et var. 8. acutilobum. Aspidium paupertinum, Roem. ex Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 345. Aspidium leptorrhachis, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 346. Aspidium roseum, Fourn., et A. indecorum, Fourn. loc. cit. ? ' Lastrea indecora, Liecbm.?, L. leptorrhachis, Liebm., et L. paupertina, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 119 et 120. Aspidium apertum, Fée, et A. inquinans, Fée ? Polystichum cystopteroides, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 685, teste Kuhn, ex Fourn. North Mexico, Cerro de Pinal (Seemann, 1449); Sourh Mexico, Mirador (Lieb- mann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2148, 2360 bis) ; GuaTEMALA, Alotenango and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaracua, Chon- tales (Tate, 134), Omotepe (Lévy, 207); Cosra Rica (Harrison); Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 377).—West Inpizs to Braziu and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 25. Nephrodium (Lastrea) puberulum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 499. Aspidium puberulum, Fée, 10° Mém. Foug. p. 40; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 95. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba and Cuernavaca (Bourgeau, 2361, 1318, 1320), Huatusco (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 26. Nephrodium (Lastrea) rigidum, Desv. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 20; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 275. Aspidium rigidum, var. argutum, Haton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. I, t. 46. Oregon to CaLIForntA.—Norta Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann); Soura Mexico, valley of Mexico (Schmitz).—Eurorr; Asta Minor. Hb. Kew. BIOL, CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. II]., December 1885. 40 650 FILICES. 27. Nephrodium (Lastrea) salvinii, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 274. Guatemaa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 28. Nephrodium (Lastrea) sanctum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 267. Guatemata, Alotenango (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpims; Andes of Ecvabor. Hb. Kew. 29. Nephrodium skinneri, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 64, et 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 25; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 287. Aspidium francoanum, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 255, et in Bot. Zeit. 1873, p. 6. GvATEMALA, without locality (Skinner); Nicaracua, Chontales 2000 feet (Lévy, 506). Hb. Kew. 30. Nephrodium (Lastrea) sloanei, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 263. Aspidium macrourum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 95, pro parte, vix Kaulf. Lastrea macroura, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 119. Nephrodium macrourum, et N. serra, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. pp. 96-98. Nephrodium conspersum, Schrad., teste Fourn. . ‘South Mexico, Santa Maria, Tlapacoya (Liebmann) ; Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1552).—Cusa to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 31. Nephrodium (Lastrea) sphzrocarpum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 139 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 277. Athyrium spherocarpon, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 186; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 101. Aspidium athyrioides, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 67, t. 18. Lastrea athyrioides, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 122. Aspidium agatholepis, Féc, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 106; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 97. South Mexico, Real del Monte, 8000 feet (Galeotti, 6425 ; Coulter, 1699, 1710), Itzhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2608), Barranca de Sante Fé (Bourgeau, 1164). Hb. Kew. 32. Nephrodium (Lastrea) sprengelii, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 94; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 258. Aspidium sprengelii, Kaulf. in Flora, 1823, p. 365; Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 81; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 94, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 254. SoutH Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 494); GuaremaLa (Skinner); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 513; Tate, 33); Panama, Gorgona (S. Hayes, 388)—West Inpvizs. Hb. Kew. 23. Nephrodium stenophyllum, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 363. Costa Rica, without locality ({arrison). Hb. Kew. 34. Nephrodium (Lastrea) tetragonum, Hook. - Sp. Fil. iv. p. 108; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 266. _Aspidium tetragonum, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 95. Aspidium schaffneri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 96. Nephrodium schaffneri, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 108, ex Fourn. FILICES, 651 Aspidium imbricatum, Fourn. loc. cit. ?, excl. var. glabrescens. Polypodium imbricatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 58? SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 1846 ; Botteri), Azul (Bourgeau, 3156), Hacienda de Tuzpango (Bourgeau, 2352), Mirador (Schaffner) ; Guatemata, Choctum (Godman & Salvin).—CotompBia to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. All the Mexican localities are taken from Fournier, and may possibly represent a - different species. Aspidium kunzei, Fée, 10° Mém. p. 37, t. 41. fig. 1, appears to be very closely allied to A. tetragonum, if not the same; and A. vanheurckii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 97, is said to differ from the former in having a villous indusium. 35. Nephrodium (Lastrea) trian, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 286. Aspidium triane, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 825; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 98. Aspidium expansum, Fée, et A. extensum, Fée, teste Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bottert ; Schaffner), eastern Cordillera (Galeotti, 6457), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2010).—CoLomBia. 36. Nephrodium (Lastrea) tricholepis, Baker, n. sp. “N. caudice erecto, stipite producto gracili paleis linearibus acuminatis brunneis squarrosis vestito ; frondibus oblongo-lanceolatis parvis bipinnatis membranaceis pubescentibus, pinnis sessilibus lanceolatis infimis haud reductis, pinnulis oblique oblongis adnatis integris vel parce dentatis ; venis pinnularum furcatis; soris medialibus superficialibus, involucro glabro subpersistente. “ Stipites 2-24 poll. longi ; lamina 3-4. poll. longa, 15-18 lineas lata; pinne inferiores 8-9 lineas longe, 4 lineas late, pinnulis 4—5-jugis. “Ad formas minores N. patuli magis accedit ; recedit stipitibus rhachibusque paleis squarrosis atro- brunneis copiosis preditis.””—Baker, MSS. GUATEMALA, mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin), Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 37. Nephrodium (Lastrea) triste, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 104; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 266. Nicaragua, Chontales (Yate, 395).—Cotomsra to Perv and Braz. Hb. Kew. 88. Nephrodium unitum, R. Br.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 289; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 93, t. 13 (var. glabrum). Aspidium gongylodes, Schkuhr, Fil. p. 198, t. 83; Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p- 101; Fourn. Mex. Pl, Enum. 1. p. 96. Nephrodium paludosum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 123, ex Fourn. Nephrodium propinquum, R. Br.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 79. Fioripa.—SovutH Mexico, San Antonio, Huatusco (Liebmann); Guatemaza, without . locality (Godman & Salvin).—Widely spread in the Tropics, and extending in south temperate regions to New ZeaLtanp. Hb. Kew. 39. Nephrodium (Lastrea) villosum, Pres]; Hook. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 134, t. 264: Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 286. 402 652 FILICES. Phegopteris martinicensis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 90. Polypodium alsophiloides, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 56? Phegopteris spectabilis, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 243; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 90 (species propria). Sour Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2277), Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 365) ; GuateMaLA, Coban and Choctum (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 35: spectabile).—West Inpigs to Cui. Hb. Kew. Species Mexicane dubie vel non vise. Aspidium augescens, Link; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 95. Aspidium microcarpon, Fée=A. microchlena, Fée ; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 93. Aspidium nemophilum, Kunze; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 98. Aspidium obtusilobum, Fée, et Aspidium orizabz, Fée; Fourn. loc. cit. pp. 93 et 95. 29. NEPHROLEPIS. Nephrolepis, Schott ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 300, t. 5. fig. 45. As limited in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum’ this comprises seven species, generally spread ‘in warm countries. 1. Nephrolepis acuta, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 153; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 301. Nephrolepis acuminata, Presl ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 117 et 119; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 180. Nephrolepis punctulata, Presl; Fourn. loc. cit. (species). Souta Mexico, San Pedro Tepinapa (Liebmann); GuateMaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 1503); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 420), Empire Station (S. Hayes, 258).—Cupa to Peru and Brazit; Arrica, MascaRENE ISLANDS, Cuina, PoLyNesta, and Eastern Avstrauia. Hb. Kew. 2. Nephrolepis cordifolia, Pres| ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 300; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 363. Nephrolepis tuberosa, Presl ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 151 ; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 65. Nephrolepis occidentalis, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 343 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 180. Nephrolepis intermedia, Fée, teste Fourn. Nephrolepis pectinata, (Aspidium pectinatum, Swartz) Fourn. loc. cit. p. 181. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3066), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1938: pectinata), Teotalcingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 294, 309), Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1490); Guaremaa, Coban (Godman & Salvin), Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 386); Costa Rica (Harrison).—Cusa to Brazit and Pzrv ; also having a wide range in the Tropics of the Old World. Hb. Kew. 3) FILICES. 653 3. Nephrolepis exaltata, Schott ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 152; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 301; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 180; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 129, t. 63. figg. 1-4. Nephrodium exaltatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 21. Aspidium exaltatum, Schkuhr, Krypt. Gewich. t. 32. Nephrolepis volubilis, J. Sm., teste Hook. et Bak. Nephrolepis neglecta, Kunze in Linnza, xiii. p. 148; Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. Fioripa.—Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann : neglecta) ; GuaTEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli & Cario, 374: volubilis) ; NicaRacua, Chontales (Lévy, 485); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 418), Barbacoas (S. Hayes, 171).—Banamas to Perv, and widely spread in the Tropics of the Old World. Hb. Kew. Fournier (Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 260) refers Levy’s 485 to N. pendula, Fée, a synonym of WV. exaltata. 30. OLEANDRA. Oleandra, Cav. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 302, t. 5. fig. 46. Six species, widely spread in the Tropics. 1. Oleandra nodosa, Presl; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 127; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 303. Guatemala, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 871; Godman & Salvin). —West INDIES, common ; Guiana; Braziu. Hb. Kew. Barter and Mann’s West-African specimens, referred to this species in ‘Species Filicum,’ are the O. articulata, 8. welwitschii, Baker, of the ‘ Synopsis Filicum.’ Tribe XI. POLYPODIEA. Limited to the genus Polypodium. 31. POLYPODIUM. Polypodium, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 304, et ed. 2, p. 504, t. 5. fig. 48. As defined in the ‘Synopsis Filicum’ this is by far the largest genus of the Order, numbering at least 450 species, spread nearly a1 over the world. 1. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) adnatum, Kunze in Linnea, xx. p- 398; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 27; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 345. Panama, Aspinwall (S. Hayes, 153).—West Inpies ; CoLoMBIA; VENEZUELA; GUIANA. Hb. Kew. This is recorded from Guatemala both in the ‘Species Filicum’ and the ‘ Synopsis Filicum ;’ but the specimens have probably been removed to another species in the Kew Herbarium, for we failed to find any under this. 654 FILICES. 2. Polypodium (Phegopteris) alleopterum, Kunze; Mett. Pheg. et Aspid. p. 19; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 305; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89. Soura Mexico, Santa Rita, near Misantla (Hahn, 352).—Co.tomBia; BRaziu. 3. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) angustifolium, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 40; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 8347; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 36; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. 29. Campyloneuron dimorphum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 84, varietates a et B. Marginaria dimorpha, Link, Fil. Sp. 119. Polypodium dimorphum, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 88. Polypodium teniosum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 7; Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 155; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 606. Campyloneuron teniosum, Fée, 8° Mém. Fil. p. 129. Cyrtophlebium angustifolium, J. Sm. ex Hook. Polypodium amphostemon, Kunze, ex Hook. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 201, 259), San Pedro, Tepinapa, and Chinantla (Liebmann), region of Orizaba, and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2890, 1453), around Mexico (Schmitz), cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6283, 6408), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 639); GuaTemaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin), Volcan de Fuego and Choctum (Godman & Salvin: amphostemon) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 1476); Panama, Coiba (Seemann).—Cusa to Peru and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 4. Polypodium (Phymatodes) angustum, Mett. Polyp. P- 90; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 76; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 362. Pleopeltis angustum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 9, t. 1. Piteropsis angustifolia, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 86, non Desv. Tenitis angustifolia, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. p. 42; Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 328, teste Fourn. sed errore. Drynaria angusta, Fée, D. torulosa, Fée, et D. stenoloma, Fée, 8 Mém. Foug. p. 27, et 6° Mém. p. 18, t. 5. SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2370), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 280), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6368, 6532), around Mexico (Schmitz; Schaffner), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 638); GuaTEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Duefias (Godman & Salvin), Volcan de Fuego 6500 feet (Salvin)—Westr Inpizs to Souru Brazit. Hb. Kew. [Pleuridium angustum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 98, et 10° Mém. t. 39. fig. 3; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 86, to which Fournier refers Galeotti’s 6403, is unknown to us. | 5. Polypodium arthropodium, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 88, et 9° Mém. p. 22; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, without number; Miiller, 1484; Schaffner), Cordova and Huatusco (Schaffner). This name is not taken up either by Hooker or Mettenius; but the plant referred FILICES. 655 to it by Fournier will certainly be represented in the Kew Herbarium under some other name. 6. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) attenuatum, H. B. K. in Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 191, ex Kunze fide Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 251, an Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 345? South Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 1832 bis); Nicaragua (Lévy, 1477).—West InDizs to Ecuapor and Braziu. There is no specimen of this in the Kew Herbarium from within our limits; but it is so closely allied to P. neriifolium that Grisebach unites the two. Indeed we suspected that Bourgeau’s 1833 bis, placed in the cover of neriifolium at Kew, might be the plant Fournier had under observation ; on looking at it again, however, we find that 1833 bis was named neriifolium by Fournier himself. 7. Polypodium (Phlebodium) aureum, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 16; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 347, cum varietatibus; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 155, t. 16, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 31. Chrysopteris microdictyon, Fée, C. sporadocarpa, Fée, C. lanosa, Fée, C. glauca, Fée, et C. areolata, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 27; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 86 (species propriz). Chrysopteris araneosa, Fée, et C. trilobata, Fée, loc. cit. Polypodium araneosum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 33, t. 5. fig. 2. Drynaria araneosa, Fée, et D. fulva, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 270. Polypodium sporadocarpum, Willd. Sp. Pl.v. p.171; Mett. Fil. Hort. Lips. p. 36, t. 25. figg. 1 et 2, et Polyp. p. 100. Polypodium areolatum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 8; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 35. Polypodium fulvuum, Mart. et Gal., et P. glaucinum, Mart. et Gal. ?, Foug. Mex. pp. 32 et 33, t. 5. fig. 1, et t. 6. Chrysopteris glaucina, Fourn. loc. cit. ? - Polypodium pleurosorum, Kunze ; Mett. Polyp. p. 101, t. 2. figg. 6,7; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p- 80? Froripa.—Nort# Mexico, mountains of San Rafael, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 942 ; Parry & Palmer, 972: areolatum) ; Soura Mexico, Pedregal (Bourgeau, 923: lanosum), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1649: areolatum), Colipa (Liebmann: areolatum), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght : areolatum), Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6460: araneosum), valley of Mexico (Schmitz: araneosum), cordillera of Vera Cruz 2000 to 4500 feet (Galeotti, 6413), Regla (Hartweg, 416), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 272: trilobatum), Mon- tecinos, Vera Cruz (Linden, 192); Guatemata (Skinner); Nicaraaua (Lévy); Costa Rica (Harrison).—Southward to Brazin. Hb. Kew. 8. Polypodium bernoullii, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 510. GuatemaLa, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 442). Hb. Kew. 9. Polypodium (Phegopteris) cespitosum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 305. Phegopteris cespitosa, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89. 656 FILICES. South Mexico, Cordova (Bourgeau, 2005), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 428). Hb. Kew. 10. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) chnoodes, Spreng.; Hook. et Bak, Syn. Fil. p. 344. Phegopteris dissimile, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 25. Nicaraaua, Chontales (Tate, 53).— West Inpies; VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 11. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) coarctatum, Kunze; Mett. Polyp. p. 84; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 348. Campyloneuron coarctatum, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 252. Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 481). There is no specimen in the Kew Herbarium of this species, which was founded on Peruvian specimens. 12. Polypodium (Phymatodes) crassifolium, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 62; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 606; Mett. Polyp. p. 109. Pleuridium crassifolium, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 273; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 86. Polypodium coriaceum, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 16, t. 25. SoutH Mexico, Antigua, Vera Cruz (Liebmann), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3606), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1549), Chagres (Fendler, 393).— West Inpies to Perv and Braziz. Hb. Kew. 13. Polypodium (Goniopteris) crenatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 2; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 315. Goniopteris crenata, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 168; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 88. South Mexico, Huatusco (Schaffner); Guatemata, Choctum (Godman & Salvin) ; Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 408).—Cusa to Ecuapor and Braz. Hb. Kew. [Polypodium (Phymatodes) crispatum, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 1, is erroneously recorded from Panama, the Bay of Choco, the locality in question, being in southern Darien. | 14. Polypodium cultratum, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 190; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 327. South Mexico, Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6507), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 640); Guaremaa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Cusa to Peru and Brazit, and in TRopicaL Arrica and Mapaq@ascar. Hb. Kew. 15. Polypodium (Phlebodium) decumanum, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.17; A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. v. p. 190. Chrysopteris decumana, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 265; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 85. South Mexico, Wartenberg, Tantoyuca (Ervendberg, 15).—Jamaica to Peru and BraziL. 16. Polypodium (Phegopteris) decussatum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 243; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 307. Gymnogramme microcarpa, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 43, t. 20. fig. 5, FILICES, 657 Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 43); Panama (S. Hayes)—West Inpies to Perv and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 17. Polypodium delicatulum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 35, t. 7. fig. 1; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 184; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 326; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p- 74. Cienopteris delicatula, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 339. _ Sour Mexico, Sierra Yavezia 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6378), Azul (Bourgeau, 3155), Orizaba (Schaffner).—Co.omsta to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 18. Polypodium divaricatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 80. Polypodium pectinatum, Mart. et Gal., non Linn. ex Fourn. Soura Mexico, eastern Cordillera (Galeotti, 6287). Galeotti’s number 6287 does not appear to be in the Kew Herbarium; but one or two of the other numbers cited by Martens and Galeotti under P. pectinatum certainly belong to that species. 19. Polypodium (Goniopteris) eatoni, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, ‘p. oll. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. ((Ghiesbreght, 273). Hb. Kew. 20. Polypodium echinolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 87; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. Norta Mexico, San Rafael (Guillemin), Tenango near Orizaba (Botteri), Cordova (Schaffner). 7 21. Polypodium elasticum, Rich.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 332; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p, 75. Polypodium plumula, H. B. K.; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 186, t. 63. figg. 5-8; Fourn. loc. cit. p- 76; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 200, ex parte. Polypodium pulchrum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 41, t. 8. fig. 2; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria), Polypodium filicula, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 48, teste Fourn. Polypodium flexile, Fée, 6° Mém. Foug. p. 9, t. 2. fig. 3. Polypodium jubeforme, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 607; Liebm. loc. cit. p. 45. Polypodium. schkuhrit, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 19, t. 27, non Fourn. loc, eit. p. 76, Fioripa.—Norr Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d Aoust), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1936); Sour Mexico, Colipa and Mirador (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 262), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6332), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2609 bis, 3064 bis); Nica- ragua, Chontales (Lévy, 479), Omotepe (Friedrichsthal); Costa Rica (Harrison).— Southward to Perv and Braziz. Hb. Kew. 22. Polypodium (Phegopteris) elongatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89, Gymnogramme polypodioides, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 29, non Spreng., teste Fourn. Sout Mexico, San Cristobal, near Orizaba (Botteri, 1442), Tlapacoyo (Hahn), eastern cordillera (Linden). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. ITI., December 1885. 4p 658 FILICES, This is most likely in the Kew Herbarium under some other name. Fournier states that it is near Phegopteris deflexa, Mett. (in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p- 323), differing in its larger size and longer pinnules. 23. Polypodium fallax, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 609; Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 323; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 215; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 337. Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2784 ; Miller, 382), Zacuapan (Schmitz), Santa Maria, Tlapacoyo (Liebmann), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6327), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 447; Linden, 1549), Mirador (Linden, 27); Guatemata, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 24. Polypodium (Goniopteris) faucium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 57; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 315. . Goniopteris faucium, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 88. Sout Mexico, Barranca de Jovo (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 25. Polypodium feei, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 82. Goniophlebium rhodopleurum, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 24, teste Fourn. Polypodium virginianum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 87; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 51, non — Linn. SoutH Mexico, between Jalapa and Coatepec 3000 to 4500 feet, and at Llano Verde in the eastern cordillera of Oaxaca at 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6412). 26. Polypodium (Phegopteris) flavopunctatum, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 239; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 304. SoutH Mexico, Barranca de Huitamalco (iebmann).—West Inpies to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 27. Polypodium fraternum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p- 608; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 337; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79. Polypodium sororium, Kée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 22, teste Fourn. Goniophlebium revertens, Fée, 8° Mém. p. 94. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2881, 3150), around Mexico (Schmitz), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 205) ; GuaTEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 28. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) fraxinifolium, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. iii, t. 639; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 26; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 346; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79. South Mexico, Orizaba (Miller, 48)—CotomBia to Peru and Brazit, common. Hb. Kew. 29. Polypodium friedrichsthalianum, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 217; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 339; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364, Polypodium lindenianum, Kunze, Farrnkr. Suppl. ii. p. 83, t. 134; Mett. Polyp. p. 657 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 83 (species propria). Polypodium cancellatum, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 242, et 6° Mém. Foug. p. 12, t. 7. fig. 2. FILICES. 659 South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 257 ; Linden, 1528, 1540); Guatemata, Coban (Godman & Salvin ; Bernoulli & Cario, 287), without locality (Bernoulli, 1025 ; Tirckheim, 1); Nicaragua, Chontales (Late, 50 ; Seemann, 201) ; Costa Rica (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 30. Polypodium furfuraceum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 607 ; Hook. Sp. iv. p. 213; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 332; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 83, cum varietatibus; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183. Polypodium leucostichum, Kunze in Linnea, xx. p. 380. Polypodium karwinskyanum, Mett. Polyp. p. 66. Polypodium nivosum, Fée, et P. cryptocarpum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. pp. 88 et 89, teste Fourn. Nort Mexico, San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 1155); Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1439, 1440), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2539), Zacuapan (Leibold), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 312). Hb. Kew. 31. Polypodium galeottii, Mett. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxvi. p. 135; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 509. South Mexico, without locality (Galeotti, 6552). Hb. Kew. 32. Polypodium (Goniopteris) ghiesbreghtii, Linden; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 84, non Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 315. Sout Mexico, Tabasco (Linden, 1499). Hb. Kew. 33. Polypodium (Phegopteris) glanduliferum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 54; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 252; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 310; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 90. South Mexico, Comaltepec and Trapiche de la Concepcion, Oaxaca (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 34. Polypodium griseum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 46; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 202; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 330; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77. _ Soura Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieux), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann) ; GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 35. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) guatemalense, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. (1864), p- 29; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 345, non Klotzsch. ' Polypodium inequale, Lowe, Brit. and Exot. Ferns, ii. t. 28, non Link. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. [ Polypodium (Goniophlebium) guatemalense, Klotzsch (in Otto & Dietr. Allg. Garten- Zeitung, xxiii. 1855, p. 33), is a totally different species which we have not seen. | 36. Polypodium guillemineanum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77, t. 2; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 510. NortH Mexico, San Rafael (Guillemin). 4p2 660 FILICES. 87. Polypodium hahnii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79. Sours Mexico, Misantla (Hahn). 38. Polypodium hartwegianum, Hook. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 55; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 390, et Sp. Fil. iv. p. 207 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 336. Polypodium ellipsoideum, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 57, t. 21. fig. 1; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. i. p- 333; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183. Polypodium puberulum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 76, non Ch. et Schl. Nort Mexico, San Miguelito Mountains (Schaffner); Sourn Mexico, Sumata 9500 feet (Hartweg, 415), Popocatepetl (Schaffner), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 208). Hb. Kew. 39. Polypodium (Phegopteris) hemsleyanum, Baker, n. sp. (Tab. CVIIL.) * P, caudice erecto lignoso, stipitibus elongatis paleis minutis linearibus nigro-castaneis ascendenti- bus preeditis ; frondibus deltoideis bipinnatis membranaceis glabris, rhachibus paleis copiosis patulis preditis, pinnis basalibus maximis inzequilateralibus postice productis, pinnis centrali- bus lanceolatis simpliciter pinnatis, segmentis ultimis oblongis integris vel crenatis, venis segmentorum pinnatis, venulis simplicibus erecto-patentibus 6-8-jugis ; soris globosis super- ficialibus medialibus. “ Stipites 8-9-pollicares ; lamina semipedalia basi 44-5 poll. lata; pinnarum infimarum pinnule inferiores 6-9 lineas longe ; pinnz centrales 21-24 lineas longe, segmentis ultimis 3-1 hneam latis.”—Baker MSS. GuATEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 40. Polypodium heteromorphum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 108; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 229; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 334; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 75; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 43; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 41. SoutH Mexico, forest of the Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 913), Mexico (Schaffner), Toluca (Andrieux, 46), peak of Orizaba 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Liebmann ; Linden, 51; Galeotti, 6261) ; GUATEMALA, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin)——CotomBia to Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 41. Polypodium (Goniopteris) heterophlebium, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 863. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 42. Polypodium (Phegopteris) hydrophila, Fée, Hist. Foug. Antilles, p. 56, t. 13.’fig. 3; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89. Norra Mexico, San Luis Potosi ( Virlet d’ Aoust).—GuADALOUPE. 43. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) incanum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 208 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 346 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 83; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 35; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 197, t. 26. fig. 2, et in Proc. Am. Acad. Xvill. p. 183. Lepicystis incana, J. Sm. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. p- 195. Ouxto, Inninois, and Inpiana southward to Fioripa and Trxas—Norta Mexico, FILICES. 661 Caracol Mountains, Coahuila, and at Guajuco (Palmer, 1376); SourH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bilimek; Miller, 30; Bourgeau, 3274), Yavezia, Guadalaxara, and cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6309, 6423, 6438), Jalapa (Coulter, 1706); Nicara- eva, Omotepe (Lévy, 1153); Panama, Hacienda de Santa Rita (Seemann, 24).—BAHAMAS to Cuiui and Urveuay; also in TropicaL and Sout Arrica. Hb. Kew. 44. Polypodium jubeforme, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 186; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 327. Panama (ex Syn. Fil.)—West Inpies; Guiana; Braziz. Common. The Panama record seems to be incorrect, and probably originated from mistaking a specimen collected by Seemann, and labelled Straits of Juan de Fuca. If this locality be correct it is far north of any other known station for this species. Eaton does not include it in his ‘ Ferns of North America,’ 45. Polypodium jungermannoides, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 873; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 166; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 320. GUATEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Southward in the Andes to Cunt. Hb. Kew. 46. Polypodium kuhnii, Fourn. Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 251. NicaraGua, Omotepe (Lévy, 1161). 47. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) levigatum, Cav.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 348; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364, non P. levigatum, Baker, Syn. ed. 2, p. 505. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) fasciale, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 41. Campyloneuron fasciale, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 190; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 85. Polypodium fasciale, Mett. Polyp. p. 82. SourH Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2227); Nicaragua (Tate, 57); Costa Rica (Harrison).— West Inpies to Ecuapor and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 48. Polypodium (Phymatodes) lanceolatum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 356; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 88; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Polypodium (Phymatodes) lepidotum, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 56. ‘Grammitis elongata, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 28. Pleopeltis crassinervata, Fourn. loc. cit. Drynaria crassinervata, Fée, et D. mexicana, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 97, et 9° Mém. p. 26. Pleopeltis lepidota, Presl, et P. polylepis, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 87 (species propriz). Drynaria lepidota, Fée, et D. vestita, Fée, Gen. Fil. pp. 270 et 271. -Polypodium polylepis, Reem.; Mett. Polyp. p. 89; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 33. Nortu Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1945), mountains of San Miguelito (Schaff- ner, 938; Parry & Palmer, 975); Soura Mzxico, Santa Maria, Alpatlahua, and San Juan de Coscomatepec (Liebmann), cordilleras of Oaxaca and Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6328, .6421, 6553), peak of Orizaba 9000 to 12,000 feet (Galeotti, 6264), Zacuapan (Leibold), near Mexico (Schiede; Graham; Schaffner), Chiapas (Linden, 1542; Ghiesbreght, 662 FILICES. 266); Guaremata, Yzabal and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 403); Panama (Seemann, 20)—Wust Inpies to Curt and Juan FERNANDEZ; also in Tropica, and Sour Arrica, Sour Inpia, MascarENe IsLANDs, Sanpwicu Istanps, and St. Hezena; but not in Tristan da Cunha, as recorded in Hooker's ‘ Species Filicum.’ Hb. Kew. 49. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) lasiopus, Klotzsch; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p- 21; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 343; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 81. Soura Mexico, Pedregal and Orizaba (Bourgeau, without number).—CuBa; VENE- ZUELA. There are no specimens from within our limits referred to this species in the Kew Herbarium. 50. Polypodium legionarium, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 337. Polypodium macrodon, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 218, non Reinw. South Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz); GuateMaLa, Volcan de Fuego, Calderas, and Coban (Godman & Salvin). Ub. Kew. 51. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) lepidopteris, Kunze ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p- 211; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 346; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.i. p. 84; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 37. Acrostichum lepidopteris, Langsd. et Fisch. Voy. Russ. p. 5, t. 2. Polypodium hirsutissimum, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 17, t. 26; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 41. Polypodium sepultum, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 194. Goniophlebium pyrrholepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 94, et 9° Mém. p. 25, teste Fourn. Norte Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1933) ; Soura Mexico, Zacuapan (Leibold), cordilleras of Oaxaca and Vera Cruz 3500 to 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6276, 6308), Mirador (Liebmann), Jalapa (Harris), region of Orizaba and valley of Cordova (Bour- geau, 1446, 2282); Panama (Seemann).—Southward to Pzru and Rio JaNeIRo, in the island of TRINIDAD, off the coast of Brazil, and in the GaLapagos. Hb. Kew. 52. Polypodium leptostomum, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 58; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p- 183; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 75. Polypodium suspensum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 34, non Willd. teste Fourn. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miller, 32 ; Schaffner), near Jalapa (Hahn), Villa Alta, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6380); GuatemaLa.—Ecuapor. | This species has not been identified at Kew. 53. Polypodium longicaudatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 57; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. South Mexico, Barranca de Huitamalco (Liebmann). An obscure species which has not been identified at Kew. 54. Polypodium longepinnulatum, Four. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 510. South Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6510). FILICES. 663 55. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) loriceum, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 20, pro parte; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 343; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Polypodium falcaria, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 316; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxii. p. 171, et Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 80 (species propria). Polypodium letum, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 19, t. 28. Goniophlebium calaguala, Fée, et G. invertens, Fée, teste Fourn. Polypodium isomerum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 80, t. 8 (species propria). NortH Mexico, Tetela del Oro, Sierra Madre (Rascon); Sourn Mexico, Zacuapan (Liebold), Jalapa (Harris), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6549, 6550), Mirador (Liebmann), San Cristobal (Bourgeau, 3187: falcaria), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 246 a), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 673); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 478; Seemann, 196); Costa Rica (Harrison); Panama (Seemann, 14), Chagres (Fendler, 422).— West Inpies to Brazin and Cui. Hb. Kew. 56. Polypodium (Phymatodes) lycopodioides, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 34; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 857; Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 311; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 34. Pleopeltis lycopodioides, Presi, Tent. Pterid. p. 193; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 87. Pleopeltis squamulosa, Presl, loc. cit. et Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). ' Drynaria lycopodioides, Fée, 9 Mém. Foug. p. 36. South Mexico, Colipa (Liebmann); GuarEMALA, Yzabal and Choctum (Godman & Salvin), without locality (Skinner); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 395).—Cusa to PERu and SoutH Brazit; also in the Sanpwicu IsLanps, Java, and TropicaL ArFrica. Hb. Kew. 57. Polypodium macrocarpum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 23, t. 1; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 215; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 330; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 83; Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 132; Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 683. SoutH Mexico, mountain near Jalapa (de Buren), without locality (Aschenborn).— Bouivia to CHILI. There are no Mexican specimens referred to this species in the Kew Herbarium. 58. Polypodium (Grammitis) marginellum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 164; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 321. GUATEMALA, without locality (Godman & Salvin)—Weust Inpres to GurIANa and Perv; also in the Cape VErpD Istanps, St. HeLena, and Samoa. Hb. Kew. 59. Polypodium martensii, Mett. Polyp. p. 61; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 208; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 333; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183; Kuhn, Beitr. Mex. Farrnkr. p. 17. Polypodium affine, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 37, t. 8. fig. 1, non Blume; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77. Polypodium otites, Mart. et Gal., et P. puberulum, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. pp. 25 et 38 teste Fourn. Polypodium callolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 86; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Polypodium ehrenbergianum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 381? Polypodium olivaceum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 47 ? 664 FILICES. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer); Sovrn Mexico, San Felipe (Andrieux, 36), Chinantla 7000 feet (Liebmann), Barranca de la Cafiada (Schmitz), San Nicolas, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 1039: callolepis), Real del Monte and Jalapa (Coulter, 1705, 1708). Hb. Kew. The above synonymy may require some rectifications. JP. otites, Linn., is reduced to P. pectinatum in the ‘ Species Filicum.’ 60. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) meniscifolium, Langsd. et Fisch. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 26; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 346. Polypodium preslianum, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 102; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79. Polypodium neriifolium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 40, non Pres] ex Fourn. Sourn Mexico, Huitamalco (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1647); PaNaMa (S. Hayes).—West Inpius; Braz... Hb. Kew. This would be better referred to P. neriifolium. 61. Polypodium (Goniopteris) meniscoides, Licbm. Mexicos Bregner, p.59; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 3, sub P. crenato ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 814; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 88. Goniopteris rostrata, Fée, Hist. Foug. Antilles, p. 64, t. 7. fig. 3, teste Fourn. Sour Mexico, Mirador and Teotalcingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann) ; Panama (ex Fournier). Hb. Kew. 62. Polypodium mitchelle, Baker, n. sp. “ P. frondibus czspitosis subsessilibus lanceolatis parvis firmulis, facie glabris, dorso pilosis, ad costam anguste alatam simpliciter pinnatifidis, e medio ad basin et ad apicem sensim attenuatis, pinnis oblique deltoideis, venis immersis occultis ; soris magnis globosis costalibus ad pinna- rum basin solitariis. “Lamina 15-18 lineas longa, medio 2 lineas lata, pinnis 12-16-jugis 1 lin. longis latisque.”— Baker MSS. British Honpvras, Orange Walk (Mrs. Mitchell). Hb. Kew. 63. Polypodium moniliforme, Lagasca ; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 182; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 325; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i, p. 74. Polypodium subcrenatum, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 719. Jamesonia adnata, Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. p. 80, t. 183. fig. 1. Polypodium peruvianum, Desv. Mém. Soc. Linn. vi. p. 231, teste Fourn. Souta Mexico, peak of Orizaba 9000 to 12,000 feet (Linden, 59; Galeotti, 6253 : Liebmann); Guatemata, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Perv in the Andes. Hb. Kew. 64. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) neriifolium, Schkuhr; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 28; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 345; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 79, Goniophlebium neriifolium, J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 57, et in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 79. Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1833 bis, 3057), FILICES. 665 between San Bartolo and Pueblo Nuevo, Tabasco (Linden, 1518); Guaremata, without locality (Skinner); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 52; Seemann, 204).—West Inp1Es to Brazit and Perv. Hb. Kew. 65. Polypodium (Phegopteris) nicaraguense, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 252. Nicaragua, Chontales (Lévy, 460 bis). 66. Polypodium (Dictyopteris) nicotianefolium, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 455, et in Journ. Bot. 1877, p. 165. Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 230); Peru. Hb. Kew. 67. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) patens, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 230; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 23; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 342. Panama, Hacienda de Santa Rita (Seemann, 25). Hb. Kew. 68. Polypodium pectinatum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 203; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 333 ; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 317, t. 42. figg. 1-3. Polypodium wagneri, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 337; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 76, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 252 (errore Phegopteris wagneri). Polypodium divaricatum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 80? Polypodium schkuhrit, Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria), non Raddi. Polypodium recurvatum, Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria), vix Kaulf. Polypodium consimile, Mett. in Eat. Fil. Wright. ex Hook. Polypodium paradise, Langsd. et Fisch. Voy. Russ. p. 11, t. 11; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Fioripa.—Sovutna Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1432: wagneri, 1482 bis: paradise, Fourn.; 1430: consimile B. bourgeanum, Fourn.), Chiapas, &c. (Ghiesbreght, 394), Teapa (Linden, 1504), Jalapa (Galeotti, 6333 ; Linden, 9); Guatemata, Chilion, near Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 394), without locality (Skinner); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 49); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 419), common in the isthmus (S. Hayes, 172). West Inpies to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. | At Mr. Baker’s instigation we have reduced to this species several of the forms referred by Fournier to other distinct species on the evidence of the collector’s numbers cited by the latter. 69. Polypodium (Phymatodes) percussum, Cav.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 55; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 356 ; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 59 ; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Soutn Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 279); GuatemaLa, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 852) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 227; Lévy, 482); Costa Rica (£arrison).—CoLoMBIA to Perv and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 70. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) phyllitidis, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 38; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 348; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 30; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 321, t. 42. figg. 4-7. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1886. 4g 666 FILICES. Campyloneuron phyllitidis, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 190; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 85, excl. var. B. Campyloneuron jalapense, Fée, et C. caudatum, Fée?, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 26. Polypodium costatum, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 838; Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. Foripa.—Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 56), Jalapa 4000. feet (Galeotti, 6273, 6404), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1650 bis), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1793); GuaTEMALA, Chilasco, Yzabal and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy, 487); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 392).—West Inpizs to Soura Braz. Hb. Kew. 71. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) piloselloides, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 83; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 340. Craspedaria piloselloides, Fée. . GuatemaLa, Yzabal (Bernoulli, 897); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 54).— West Inpins and Tropica, SourH AMERICA, common. Hb. Kew. 72. Polypodium pilosissimum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 39, t. 9. fig. 2; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 181; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 327. Polypodium rigescens, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 74, saltem pro parte, vix Bory. South Mexico, Yavezia, Oaxaca 7500 feet, and Totutla (Liebmann), near Guaji- malpa (Schaffner), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miiller, 32), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6379).—Southward to Ecuapor and Souru Braz. Hb. Kew. | Fournier enumerates P. ferrugineum, Mart. et Gal. (Foug. Mex. t. 7. fig. 2), syn. P. xiphopteroides (Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 44), as a variety of P. rigescens. We have not seen plants upon which Martens and Galeotti founded their species. Baker (in Mart. Fl. Bras. Polypod. p. 515) cites P. Serrugineum, Mart. et Gal., as a synonym of P. apiculatum, Kunze. 73. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) platylepis, Mett. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxvi. p. 137; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 512. Souta Mexico, Mirador and Toluca (Linden, 34, 61); Guatemaza, without locality (Skinner), Hb. Kew. 74. Polypodium plebeium, Ch. et Schl. in. Linnea, v. p. 607; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 213; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 8336; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 82; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 46; Kunze in Linnea, p- 819; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183. Polypodium karwinskyanum, A. Braun; Mett. Polyp. p. 66. Polypodium cheilosticton, Fée, et P. oulolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. pp. 86 et 87; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propriz). _ Polypodium madrense, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 331, t. 73. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre ( Seemann, 684), south-east of Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer, 1373), San Miguelito mountains (Schaffner, 940); Sourn Mexico, Barranca de Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 684), Cordillera of Oaxaca at 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6277 ), Chiapas &c. FILICES. 667 (Ghiesbreght, 247), Zacuapan (Leibold), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1840), Chinantla, Puebla (debmann); Guatemata, Coban and Volcan de Fuego 8000 to 10,000 feet (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 75. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) plectolepis, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 30; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 344; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. Polypodium insigne, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 41. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1791, 1430), Totutla (Liebmann) ; GuaTEeMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin, 405 ; Tiirekheim, 15). Hb. Kew. 76. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) plesiosorum, Kunze; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 342 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 80; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Polypodium loriceum, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 21, pro parte. Polypodium rhodopleuron, Kunze, P. gonatodes, Kunze et P. colpodes, Kunze ex Hook. et Bak. Polypodium catharine, Fourn. loc. cit. (species) vix Langsd. et Fisch. Polypodium deltoideum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 38 ? Polypodium conterminans, Liebm., et P. conflwens, Liebm., Mexicos Bregner, pp. 39 et 49; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 81 (species propriz). Polypodium (Goniophlebium) anisomeron, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 93 ; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria) pro parte. Polypodium lesourdianum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 82? Goniophlebium molestum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 92. South Mexico, Huatusco (Liebmann: molestum, ex Fourn.), Chinantla 7000 feet (Liebmann: catharine, Fourn.), same locality (Liebmann: conterminans, Fourn.), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2887: rhodopleurum, Fourn.), Chiapas &c. (Ghies- breght, 246, 413); GuatemaLa, Coban, San Gerénimo, Duefias, and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin); Nicaraaua (Lévy, 1486); Costa Rica (Harrison).— VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 77. Polypodium (Phegopteris) polystichoides, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. ip. 383. Polypodium (Phegopteris) platyphyllum, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 248; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 310. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner).—CuBa to Braziu and Perv. Hb. Kew. This is a polypodioid form of Aspidiuwm aculeatum. 78. Polypodium pruinatum, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 508. Nicaraeua, Chontales (Yate, 44). Hb. Kew. 79. Polypodium puberulum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 607; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 220, pro parte; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 336; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 76, excl. syn. Sout Mexico, Jalapa (Harris), Volcan de Tuxtla, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6570); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy, 1477). Hb. Kew. 4q2 668 FILICES. 80. Polypodium pubescens, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 87; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 509; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 77. Sours Mexico, Azul near Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3149). Hb. Kew. 81. Polypodium (Phegopteris) refulgens, Klotzsch ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 807. Panama (ex Hock. et Bak.).—CoLomsia to GUIANA. 82. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) repens, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 39; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 348; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Campyloneuron repens, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 190; Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 71 a. Campyloneuron phyllitidis, Presl, var. 8; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 85. Sout Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 1650), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 292) ; GuaTEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua (Tate, 58); Costa Rica (Harri- son).—WestT InpDIES to PERU and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 83. Polypodium (Goniopteris) reptans, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.5; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 316. Aspidium reptans, Mett. Pheg. and Aspid. p. 98. Phegopteris cordaia, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 244. Sout Mexico, Rio Blanco, Orizaba, and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2007, 2514); GUATEMALA, mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin)—West Inpies to Brazil. Hb. Kew. 84. Polypodium (Dictyopteris) rheosorum, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p- 363. Costa Rica, without locality (Harrison). Hb. Kew. 85. Polypodium rigescens, Bory; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 216; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 331. South Mexico, Cerro de Pelado 7000 to 10,000 feet (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 317).—Cusa to Cun and Brazi; also in Fernando Po and Bovurzon. Hb. Kew. 86. Polypodium (Phegopteris) rigidum, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 163; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 310. Polypodium rigidum et P. pycnolepis, Hook. Sp. Fil. Sout Mexico, around the city of Mexico (Schmitz); GuareMaLa, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin).—Cotomsia to Peru. Hb. Kew. 87. Polypodium (Phegopteris) rude, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 248; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 307; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 89, pro parte. Alsophila pilosa, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 78, t. 22; Hook. Sp. Fil. i. p. 47. Phegopteris pilosa, P. impressa, Fée, et P. rudis, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. South Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 75; Liebmann; Galeotti, 6405), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 254); Guatemata, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Southward to Prrv. Hb. Kew. FILICES, 669 88. Polypodium serrulatum, Mett. Polyp. p. 32; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 174; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 323. Grammitis serrulata, Swartz; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 78. Xiphopteris serrulata, Kaulf., et X. myosuroides, Kaulf., Enum. Fil. p. 85; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 29; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp. 30 et 31; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 74. South Mexico, near Huatusco (Schaffner), Totutla and Aguas Santas (Liebmann) ; GuaTEMALA, Coban, 6000 feet (Tiirckheim) ; Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 46 ; Seemann, 220).—West Inpies to Brazit, Peru and Juan FERNANDEZ; also in the SANDWICH IsLanps, TropicaL AFRica, and the MascaRENE Isuanps. Hb. Kew. 89. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) sessilifolium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 40; Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 512; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. Goniophlebium serratum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 95. South Mexico, Izhuatlancillo (Bourgeau, 2891, 2892, 3071 bis). Hb. Kew. 90. Polypodium skinneri, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 214, t. 2868; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 331. GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner). Hb. Kew. 91. Polypodium sororium, H.B.K.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p.219; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 337. South Mexico, Jalapa (Harris), Volcan de Tuxtla, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6570); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy, 1477; Tate, 48)—Cusa to Perv. Hb. Kew. 92. Polypodium (Campyloneuron) sphenodes, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 42, t. 282; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 348. GuaTEeMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 51).—Co.LomBia and Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 93. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) squamatum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p- 209; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 346; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 84, cum var. £. Goniophlebium lepidotrichum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 93, ex Fourn. South Mexico, region of Orizaba and valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1446, 2883); Mirador (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 210); GuaTEmMALa, without locality (Skinner), Yzabal (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpies to Peru. Hb. Kew. 94. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) stenoloma, Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. viii. p. 2, non Drynaria stenoloma, Fée. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 386). Hb. Kew. 95. Polypodium subpetiolatum, Hook. Sp. FI. iv. p. 220; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 336; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. Polypodium biserratum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 38, t. 9. fig. 1. Polypodium schaffneri, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 22, teste Fourn. Nortu Mexico, Lerios mountains, Saltillo, Coahuila (Palmer); Sour Mexico, near 670 L FILICES. Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 463 bis), Regla (Hartweg, 414), valley of Mexico (Schmitz ; Schaffner; Graham), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght), San Nicolas (Bourgeau, 1038: biserratum) ; GuatemMaLa, Coban (Salvin).—Cupa. Hb. Kew. Fournier treats diserratum and subpetiolatum as distinct species. 96. Polypodium subscabrum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 377; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 183, t. 274. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 318).—CotomsBia; Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 97. Polypodium subsessile, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 329. Polypodium pteropus, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 223, non Blume. GuateMaLa, Coban (Salvin & Godman, 356).—Cotomsia to Ecuapor and GutrAna. Hb. Kew. 98. Polypodium suspensum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 196; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 329; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 75. Polypodium laxum, Fée, var. majus ex Fourn. Polypodium lazxifrons, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 52. SoutH Muxico, Mirador (Liebmann), Jalapa (Harris), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght) ; GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner), Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Cusa to Ecuapor and SoutH Brazit. Hb. Kew. 99. Polypodium (Dictyoperis) tatei, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Sp. Fil. ed. 2, —p. 506. NicaraGua, Chontales (Tate, 41). Hb. Kew. 100. Polypodium taxifolium, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 332. Polypodium plumula, Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 200, pro parte. Polypodium ltherminieri, Fée, Hist. Foug. Ant. GuatEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpies to Ecuapor and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 101. Polypodium (Goniopteris) tetragonum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 3; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 317; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 88. | Gontopteris leptocladia, Fée, Hist. Foug. Ant. p. 60, t. 16. fig. 1; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Goniopteris megalodus, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 182; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Phegopteris megalodus, Mett. Pheg. und Aspid. p. 24. Polypodium megalodus, Schkuhr, Fil. p. 24, t. 19. South Mexico, Teapa (Linden), Orizaba (Botteri); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy, 55; Tate, 42); Panama (Cuming, 1301), Chagres (Fendler, 403).—Cuza to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 102. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) thyssanolepis, A. Braun; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 512; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 84; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. FILICES. 671 Polypodium rhagadiolepis, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 287. Goniophlebium rhagadiolepis, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 62, t. 19. fig. 3. Heteroneuron paradoxum, Fée, 6° Mém. t. 1, teste Fourn. Polypodium lanuginosum, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 683 ? _ Arizona.—NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 939; Parry & Palmer, 971) ; SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6422, 6521, 6545), region of Orizaba and San Angel, valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 254, 2780), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 690).—Southward to Perv. Hb. Kew. Fournier also refers here P. incanum, var. jimbriatum, Mart. et Gal., and P. incanum, var. umbrosum, Liebm. 103. Polypodium trichomanoides, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 178; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 326. GuatemMaLa, Coban (Godman & Salvin, 390); Nicaraaua, Chontales (Tate, 47; Seemann, 231); Panama (Seemann, 366).—CusBa to Ecuapor and Braziu; also in TRoPIcAL Asta, ASCENSION, and JuAN Fernandez. Hb. Kew. 104. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) trilobum, Cav. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 841; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78. Mecosorus trilobus, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 406, ex Fourn. Polypodium rhachipterygium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 39. SoutH Mexico, Teotalcingo (Liebmann), Oaxaca 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6511).—Catut. Included on the authority of Fournier; in the Kew Herbarium the only specimens referred to this species are from Chili and Juan Fernandez. 105. Polypodium truncicola, Klotzsch ; Mett. Polyp. p. 40; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 178; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 508. GuatemMaLa (Godman & Salvin); Nicaracua, Chontales (Zate, 45).—Co.omsia, Guiana, and Jamaica. Hb. Kew. 106. Polypodium undulatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 75, cum var. pare vulum. Polypodium gibbosum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 126, ex Fourn. South Mexico, near Jalapa (Hahn), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6378, in part).—GulIANa ; Ecuapor. | Fournier places this next to P. elasticum, and adds “ Cfr. P. angustifrons, Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 134 quod nobis ignotum.” 107. Polypodium (Goniophlebium) vaccinifolium, Fisch. et Langsd. Fil. p. 8, t. 7; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 35; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 340. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 42; Lévy, 1492).—Jamaica to Paraguay. 108. Polypodium vanheurckii, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 82. Souta Mexico, San Andres and Escamela, Orizaba (Botter?). 672 FILICES, 109. Polypodium vulgare, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. p. 205; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 334; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 287, t. 31. figg. 1-3. CanapDa southward.—SovutH Mexico, Oaxaca 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6552).—Widely spread in the Nortuern HEMISPHERE, and reappearing in SoutH AFRIcA and in KERGUELEN Istanp. Hb. Kew. Species dubie. Polypodium ciliatum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 20. Phegopteris blanda, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 91. Phegopteris melanorrhachis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 91. [Polypodium irregulare, Presl, Relig. Henk. t. 4, a native of Java, and Phegopteris epieroides, Fée, 5° Mém. p. 248, a native of Cuba, have been erroneously recorded as Mexican. | Tribe XII. GRAMMITIDEZ. There are eleven genera of this Tribe, all of which are represented within our limits except Jamesonia, an Andine monotype; Brainea, an Asiatic monotype; and Drymo- glossum, an Asiatic genus of three or four species. 32. NOTHOLAENA. Notholena, R. Br.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. pp. 370 et 514 (Nothochlena), t. 6. fig. 50. About thirty-five species, generally diffused in warm countries, but most numerous in America, and especially characteristic of the Texano-Mexican region. 1. Notholena (Cincinalis) affinis, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 109; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 378. Notholena pulveracea, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 417, excl. synon. Cheilanthes affinis, Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 19. Aleuritopteris pulveracea, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 85. Aleuritopteris affinis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 121. . MExico, without locality (Aschenborn) ; GuaTEMALa, Motagua valley (Godman &. Salvin). Hb. Kew. 2. Notholena aschenborniana, Klotzsch ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 117, t. 2878; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 371; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Cheilanthes aschenborniana, Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 21; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 124. Notholena bipinnata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 62. Notholena galeottii, Fée, Gen. Fil. 159. Arizona; Texas.—NortH Mexico, Lerios in the high mountains east of Saltillo, Chihuahua, and at Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer) ; SovrH Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1679), Oaxaca 8000 feet (Galeotti, 6565). Hb. Kew. FILICES. 673 3. Notholena brachypus, J. Sm.; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Cheilanthes brachypus, Kunze in Linnea, xxiii. p. 307; Kuhn, Beitr. p. 4; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 124. Cheilanthes squamosa, Gill., var. brachypus, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 840; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p- 115; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 105. Notholena squamosa, Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 371. Cheilanthes squamosa, Gill.; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 82; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 151. Nortu Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 998); Sout Mexico (Leibold); Guatymana, without locality (Godman & Salvin); Satvapor, Sonsonati (Skinner).—Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. 4, Notholena (Cincinalis) candida, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 110; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 21, t. 49. figg. 1-3, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 185. Notholena sulphurea, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 233; Hook. et Benth. Syn. Fil. . 373. Notholena pulveracea, Kunze in Linnea, xiii. p. 185; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 63. -Notholena cretacea, Liebm. loc. cit. p. 64. Cheilanthes candida, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 73, t. 20. fig. 1. Aleuritopteris candida, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 154; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 121. Aleuritopteris cretacea, Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Cheilanthes cretacea, Mett., et C. monosticha, Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 20. Texas to CaLirorniA.—Norta Mexico, Guajuco and Monterey, Nuevo Leon, and Monclova, Coahuila (Palmer, 1380, 1381); South Mexico, Tehuacan de las Grandes (Liebmann), Guadalaxara and Oaxaca 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6442); Guatemala, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin).—Cotompia to Peru. Hb. Kew. 5. Notholeena cinnamomea, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 515. GuatemaLa, Motagua valley (Salvin & Godman). Ub. Kew. 6. Notholena (Cincinalis) dealbata, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 113; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 374; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 69, t. 9. fig. 2. Notholena pulchella, Kunze in Bot. Zeit. 1. p. 633. Cheilanthes dealbata, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1. p. 671. Cincinalis dealbata, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 160. Gymnogramme dealbata, Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 6. Kansas; New Mexico and Arizona.—Norra Mexico, in several localities south of the Gila (Rothrock), but apparently not hitherto collected within the present Mexican boundary. 7. Notholena deltoidea, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 514. Mexico, without locality (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 8. Notholena ferruginea, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 108 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 370; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 120, cum var. 8; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 297, t. 39. figg. 7-10, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184; Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 52. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. LIL, February 1886. Ar 674 FILICES. Cheilanthes ferruginea, Willd.; Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 209; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 615. Pellea ferruginea, Nees in Linnea, xix. p. 120. Notholena rufa, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 19; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 62. Notholena trichomanoides, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 45, non R. Br. Texas; New Mexico; Arizona.—Nortu Mexico, Soledad (Palmer, 1399), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1942, 1943), region of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 946; Parry & Palmer, 993, 994); Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Miller, 70 ; Bourgeau, 2153), valley of Mexico (Galeotti, 6437; Schmitz; Schaffner; Bourgeau, 257), Zimapan ( Coulter, 1680), Cerro de San Felipe, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Zacuapan (Leibold), Chiapas — &e. (Ghiesbreght, 275, 304); GuaremaLa, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin).—WEST InpiEes and CoLomsia to Cuiui. Hb. Kew. 9. Notholena grayi, Davenport in Eaton’s Ferns N. Am. ii., Conspectus, p. 31; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Arizona.—Norta Mexico, Sonora (Schott), Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1388), San Rafael mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 962). Hb. Kew. 10. Notholzna hookeri, Eaton, Ferns of the South-West, p. 308, t. 30, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 25, t. 49. figg. 4-7, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. | Notholena cretacea, Eaton in Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 234, non Liebm. Notholena candida, var. quinguefidopalmata, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 111. New Mexico; Arizona.—NortH Mexico, Saltillo and San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila (Palmer, 1379), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 992). Hb. Kew. 11. Notholena mollis, Kunze, Farmkr. i. p. 115, t. 53. fig. 2; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 119; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 372. Cheilanthes mollis, Presl ; Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 29. GuaTEemMALA, Savana Grande (Godman & Salvin).—Cuiu. Hb. Kew. 12. Notholena (Cincinalis) nivea, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 111; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 374; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 185; Kunze, Farrnkr. 1. p. 43, t. 12. fig. 1; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 64. . Cincinalis nivea, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 160; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 121. Gymnogramme nivea, Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 7. Notholena incana, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 19, t. 1. fig. 2. ArizonA.—NortH Mexico, Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1386), San Rafael mountains (Schaffner, 961), Lerios (Palmer, 1387; var. flava); Souta Mexico, barranca near Santa Fé (Bourgeau, 754), around Mexico (Schmitz; Schaffner), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 226); GuatTEMaLa, Quesaltenango (Godman & Salvin).—CoLoMBIA to Peru. Hb. Kew. “ A Notholena with fronds three to four inches long, narrower in outline, and with closely placed subcoriaceous pinnules, which may be a form of this species, was found FILICES. 675 at several places in Coahuila and Nuevo Leon(Palmer, 1382, 1383, 1384). Mr. Davenport pronounces JV. dealbata a slender form of N. nivea, and the various intermediate forms in herbaria justify his view.”—Laton, loc. cit. 13. Notholena sinuata, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 135; Kunze, Farrnkr. i. p. 96, t. 45; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 107; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 870; Bot. Mag. t. 4699; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 120, cum var. integra et pruinosa; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. 1. p. 293, t. 39. fige. 1-6, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 61. Gymnogramme sinuata, Presl, Tent. Pterid. p. 219; Mett. Cheil. und Aspl. p. 6. Notholena levis, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 46. Notholena pruinosa, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 78; 9° Mém. p. 12; 10° Mém. p. 20, t. 34. fig. 2. Texas to Arizona.—Norta Mexico, many stations in Coahuila and Nuevo Leon _ (Palmer, 1400-1410), region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 995-997 ; Schaffner, 947), Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1935 and 1928: var. pinnis integris); SourH Mexico, Chinantla, Puebla 7000 feet (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 212 ; Linden, 1544), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 253 ; Schmitz), region of Orizaba (Miller, 69; Bourgeau, 2770: pruinosa), San Felipe (Andrieux, 33), Chapultepec (Schaffner), Tacubaya (Bilimek), Oaxaca 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6350), Consoquitla near Mirador (Linden), Real del Monte to Zacatecas (Coulter, 1681).—CoLomsia to Coin. Hb. Kew. 33. MONOGRAMME. Monogramme, Schkuhr ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 374, t. 6. fig. 51. Nine species, spread over tropical regions in both hemispheres, though apparently not reaching either India or Tropical Africa. 1. Monogramme (Pleurogramme) immersa, Hook. Sp, Fil. v. p. 125; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 376. -Pleurogramme immersa, Fée, Vittar. p. 37, t. 4. fig. 5. NicaraGcua, without locality (Wright)—CuBa; VenezveLa; Guiava. Hb. Kew. 2. Monogramme (Pleurogramme) myrtillifolia, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 125. Pleurogramme myrtillifolia, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 101, t. 10 c, et 9° Mém. Foug, p. 5; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 74. Mexico, without locality (ex Fée). This miniature fern was not seen by Fournier, and it does not appear to be in the Kew Herbarium. 3. Monogramme rostrata, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 122, t. 2883; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 379. Nicaragua, Omotepé Island, lake of Nicaragua (Wright). Hb. Kew. 4r2 676 | FILICES. 4. Monogramme (Pleurogramme) seminuda, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 375. Monogramme (Pleurogramme) graminifolia, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 124. GuareMaa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).— West Inpies to Sours Braziu. Hb. Kew. 34. GYMNOGRAMME. Gymnogramme, Desv.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 376, et ed. 2, p. 515, t. 6. fig. 52. About one hundred species, generally diffused within the tropics, and some of them ascending to great altitudes; rare in temperate regions without the tropics. Most numerous in America. 1. Gymnogramme (Leptogramme) asplenoides, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 182; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 376. Soutn Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 635); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1555).—Southward to Peru and Braz. Hb. Kew. 2. Gymnogramme (Ceropteris) calomelanos, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 148; Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 76; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 385; Fourn: Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 72; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 28; Eaton in Proc, Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Ceropteris calomelanos, Link, et C. serrata, Fée, 9° Mém, Foug. p. 14. Gymnogramme peruviana, Desv.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 72 (species propria). Ceropteris plicata, Fée, et C. schaffneri, Fée 8° Mém. Foug. pp. 80 et 81. Norta Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 985); Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bouwrgeau, 2150: serrata ex Fourn.; Miller, 727), mountains of Mexico (Hartweg, 630), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2198), Amatlan (Bourgeau, 1445), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 276, 283, 452, 453: varietates distincte) ; Nicaragua, Omotépé and Virgin Bay (Wright); Costa Rica (Harrison)—Wuxst Inpies to PERu and Brazit; also in Potynesia and Western Tropica, Arrica. Hb. Kew. 3. Gymnogramme cherophylla, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 186; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 883; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p.73; Kuhn, Beitr. Mex. Farrnkr. p. 1. Sour Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bouwrgeau, 1451), without locality (Christie) ; GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner).— West InprEs to Paracuay and the ARGENTINE Repusuic. Hb. Kew. 4. Gymnogramme (Leptogramme) diplazioides, Desv.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 377. Gymnogramme rupestris, Kunze, et G. linkiana, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 140; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 73. Gymnogramme polypodioides, Link, Hort. Berol. ui. p. 50. Polypodium concinnum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 52, teste Fourn. Gymnogramme totla, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 26, non Schl. ex Fourn. Gymnogramme cheilosorus, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 79. Aspidium producens, Fée, 10° Mém. p. 38. FILICES. 677 SoutH Mexico, near Mirador (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 888, 964), Popocatepetl and Totutla (Schaffner); GuatTEMaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin.—West Inpies to Perv and Soutu Brazit. Hb. Kew. 5. Gymnogramme ehrenbergiana, Klotzsch ; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Gymnogramme hispida, Mett. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 72; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 516; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 19, t. 47. figg. 6-11. Gymnogramme podophylla, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 152; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 390. Stenogramme ehrenbergiana, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 412; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. Neurogramme pedata, Eaton in Bot. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Surv. p. 235, non Link. Gymnogramme pedata, Eaton in Robinson’s Check List, non Kaulf. Bommeria podophylia, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 328. Texas to Arizona.—NortH Mexico, Escobrillos mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 928; Parry & Palmer, 1006); Sourn Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 719), Comaltepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann); Guatema.a, Volcan de Fuego and San Geronimo (Godman & Salvin). Ub. Kew. Bommeria schaffneri, Fourn. (in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xviii. p. 327), from the Escobrillos mountains, is probab y the same species. 6. Gymnogramme (Selliguea) elongata, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 157; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 387. Polypodium elongatum, Mett. Polyp. p. 88. Pleopeltis elongata, Fourn., et P. astrolepis, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 87. Polypodium astrolepis, Liebm. Mexicos Breguer, p. 33. Drynaria elongata, Fée, et D. prieurti, Fée, Gen. Fil. pp. 270, 271. SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2366), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 446) ; GuATEMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 389).—CuBa to Brazit and JuAN FERNANDEZ. Hb. Kew. 7. Gymnogramme ferruginea, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 180; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 381. Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1125).—Prrvu. Hb. Kew. 8. Gymnogramme flexuosa, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 129; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 384. Gymnogramme retrofracta, Hook. et Grev. in Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. p. 385, t. 112. Nicaragua, Omotépé island, lake of Nicaragua (Wright) —CoLomBia to Peru, Guiana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 9. Gymnogramme leptophylla, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 1836; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 25 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 383; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 73. South Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 301), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2893), cordillera of Vera Cruz 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6294); GuaTEMaLa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Southward in the ANDES to EcuaDor; and very widely dispersed 678 FILICES. in the temperate regions of the Old World, from Jersey and Norra Inpia to Sours Arrica and New Zeatanp. Hb. Kew. 10. Gymnogramme (Selliguea) mexicana, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p- 387. Selliguea mexicana, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 177; 7° Mém. p. 43, t. 10. fig. 4; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. Gymnogramme salvinii, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 157, et 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 71. SoutH Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 945); GoatemaLa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin), Vera Paz (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 11. Gymnogramme pedata, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 131; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 383; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ¢ ‘Herald,’ p. 339; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Neurogramme pedata, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p. 189; Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 18; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. Bommeria pedata, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 327. Norra Mextoo, Sierra Madre (Seemann), mountains of San Rafael, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 960); Sour Mexico, Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 315), valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 750), San Felipe (Andrieux, 45), Comaltepec, Oaxaca (Liebmann) ; GUATEMALA (Skinner), Jocotenango (Bernoulli, 336). Hb. Kew. 12. Gymnogramme (Leptogramme) pilosa, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 27, t. 4. fig. 1; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 29; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 141; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 376; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 73, cum var. §. excl. syn. Hook. et Grev. Phegopteris pilosa, Mett. Phegopt. und Aspid. p. 18. Gymnogramme procurrens, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 78. Sourn Mexico, peak of Orizaba 9700 to 10,000 feet (Linden, 47; Galeotti 6267), Desierto Viejo &c., valley of Mexico (Bourgeau, 921, 1043: 6. major, Fourn.), valley of Mexico (Schmitz). Hb. Kew. 13. Gymnogramme pumila, Spreng. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.126; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 379; Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 8. | Hecistopteris pumila, J. Sm. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. p. 193; Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 179, t. 16 3. GUATEMALA, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Coiba (Seemann).—West Inprks ; Cotomsia; Norta Brazit. Hb. Kew. . 14. Gymnogramme rufa, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 145; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 379. Neurogramme rufa, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p. 188; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. Hemionitis rufa, Swartz, Syn. Fil. pp. 20 et 210. Sourh Mexico, Santa Rosa, Guanajuato (Humboldt & Bonpland); Guavemaa, without locality (Skinner); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy, 157); Panama (Seemann, 375).— West Inpres to Perv and:the Amazons VaLLEy. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 679 15. Gymnogramme (Ceropteris) tartarea, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 148; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 884; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i p. 72 partim ; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 184. Ceropteris tartarea, Link, et C. pallescens, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 14. Hemionitis dealbata, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 181. | Gymnogramme dealbata, Link, Hort. Berol. ii. p. 52; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 28. Nort Mexico, in the San Miguelito mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 929) ; Soura Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann); GuaTEMALa, without locality (Skinner; Hartwegq) ; NicaraGua, near Granada (Lévy, 76); Costa Rica (Harrison).—West Inpies to Peru and Braziu. Hb. Kew. Fournier refers several collectors’ numbers to this species which we find under G. calomelanos, in the Kew Herbarium. — 16. Gymnogramme (Ceropteris) trifoliata, Desv.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 149; Hook. Gard. Ferns, t. 4; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 384. Trismeria argentea, Fée, T. aurea, Fée, et T. microphylla, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 165; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Tuspango (Bourgeau, 2359), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen) ; GuaTeMALA, between San Antonio and San Bernardino (Bernoulli, 558), Duetias (Salvin & Godman).—Wast Inpies to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 30. MENISCIUM. Meniscium, Schreb.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 390, t. 6. fig. 54. A Tropical genus of about ten species, widely diffused, though apparently not extending to Australia. 1. Meniscium angustifolium, Willd.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.164; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 391. GuatTemaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 423), without locality (Seemann).—West Inpies to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 2. Meniscium reticulatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p- 165; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 392. Meniscium falcatum, Liebm, Mexicos Bregner, p. 31. Meniscium sorbifolium, Willd. ; Liebm. loc. cit. et Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Sour Mexico, Chinantla, Oaxaca (Liebmann); Guatemaua, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 446); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 404).—West Inpizs to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 3. Meniscium serratum, Cav.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 165 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 392. -— Meniscium jurgensenii, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 2383; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 78, excl. syn. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 917); Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes, 382)—West InpiEs to Peru and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 680 | FILICES. 36. ANTROPHYUM. Antrophyum, Kaulf.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 392, t. 6. fig. 55. A Tropical genus of about fifteen species generally spread, except Australia, but very rare in Africa. 1. Antrophyum cayennense, Kaulf.; Hook: Sp. Fil. v. p.171; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 394; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 250. Nicaracua, Chontales (Lévy, 1448).—Gutana and Amazons VALLEY. Included on the authority of Fournier, but probably the same as Godman and Salvin’s specimens from Guatemala referred to A. subsessile, for the two species are very closely allied. 2. Antrophyum ensiforme, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 174; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 174, Ic. Fil. t. 394, et 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 70; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 393. Antrophyum galeottii, Fée, Antroph. p. 51, t. 5. fig. 4; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 70. Antrophyum falcatum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 49, t. 12, non Blume. Antrophyum discoideum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 25, non Kunze. Scoliosorus ensiformis, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. Sout Muxico, Huitamalco, Vera Cruz (Liebmann: discoideum, Liebm.), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 218), Cumbre de Totontepec 10,000 feet (Hartweg, 522); GuatEMALa, without locality (Skinner), Chilasco (Godman & Salvin), mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin). Hb. Kew. 3. Antrophyum lanceolatum, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 176; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 394; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 70. Loxogramme lanceolata, Pres!; Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 73 B. Antrophyum pumilum, Fourn. loc. cit. non Kaulf. Antrophyum feet, Schaffner; Fée, 7* Mém. Foug. p. 42, t. 22. fig. 1. Soura Mexico, Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller), around Mexico (Schmitz); GUATEMALA (Skinner), Yzabal (Godman & Salvin), mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin); NicaRaqua, Chontales (Yate, 66; Lévy, 1482)—Wust Inpies; Cotompra. Hb. Kew. 4, Antrophyum lineatum, Kaulf.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 175; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 8392; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 70; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 26. Polytenium lanceolatum, Desv. Journ. de Bot. i. p. 218. Loxogramme lineata, Presl. Sout Mexico, Mirador 3000 feet (Ziebmann), around the city of Mexico (Schinitz) ; GuaTEMALA, mountains of Vera Paz (Salvin); Nicaracua (Lévy, 1483).—West InpiEs to Ecuapor and Braz. Hb. Kew. 5. Antrophyum subsessile, Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 29, t.19. fiz. 1; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.171; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 394. GuatemaLa, Choctum (Godman & Salvin).—Cusa to Perv. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 681 37. VITTARIA. Vittaria, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 395, et ed. 2, p. 517, t. 6. fig. 56: An almost exclusively tropical genus of about a dozen species, generally spread. 1. Vittaria (Teeniopsis) lineata, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 180; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 396; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 114; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. — ~—p. 289, t. 38. fige. 4-8. Vitiaria graminifolia, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 192; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 79; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Vittaria angustifrons, Mich. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 261. Teniopsis lineata, J. Sm.in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. 1842, p. 67. Tenitis linearis, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 44. Vitiaria filifolia, Fée, Vittar. p. 20, t. 3. fig. 6; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 182. Fioripa.—Soutn Mexico, Zacuapan (Leibold), Mirador and Llano Verde (Galeotti, 6337, 6418), Santa Afia region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3069), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 255, 270); GuateMaLa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin), Chilion near Mazate- nango (bernoulli, 439).—West Inpies to Perv and Brazi.; also in the Old World, from the Himauayas and Japan to the Matay ARCHIPELAGO and SovTHERN AFRICA. Hb. Kew. 2. Vittaria (Teniopsis) scabrida, Klotzsch. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 182; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 395. Souta Mexico (Schiede, ex Hooker).—Gutana; Brazit. We have not seen any Mexican specimens of this species, 38. TAINITIS. Tenitis, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 396, t. 6. fig. 57. A tropical genus of five species, as limited in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ restricted, as far as known, to America, Polynesia, and Asia. 1. Tenitis angustifolia, R. Br.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 187; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 396. _ Pteropsis angustifolia, Desv. ; Fée, Vittar. p. 24, non Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 86. Vittaria costata, Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 29, t. 18. fig. 2; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 258. _ GuatemaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 36); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 67; Lévy, 1418); Panama, Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 366).—West Inprzs to Brazit and in the GaLapacos. Hb. Kew. By some unaccountable error Fournier has confused the synonymy of this plant and the wholly different Polypodium angustum. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, February 1886. | 4s 682 FILICES. 2. Tenitis furcata, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 118; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. . 397. Ciapidarta furcata, Fée, et C. semipinnatifida, Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 88, t. 84. Dicranoglossum furcatum, J. Sm. ex Hook. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 63; Lévy, 480); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 387), Coiba Isl. and near San Juan (Seeman, 26).—West InpiEs to Ecuador and Braztt. Hb. Kew. 3. Teenitis lanceolata, R. Br.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 186; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 397. Pteropsis lanceolata, Desv.; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 45. Drymoglossum lanceolatum, J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. p. 66, excl. Syn. Schkuhr, teste Hook. Paitonium lanceolatum, Presl, Epimel. Bot. p. 156. Neurodium lanceolatum, Fee, Gen. Fil. p. 93, t. 8c. British Honpuras, Nicholas Bay, Belize (Skinner).—Banamas to Cusa. Hb. Kew. 39. HEMIONITIS. Hemionitis, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 398, et ed. 2, p. 518, t. 6. fig. 59. Almost confined to the tropics, and hitherto not recorded from either Africa or Australia. Nine species are described in the ‘Synopsis Filicum.’ 1. Hemionitis (Anetium) citrifolia, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 193; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 399. Anetium citrifolium, Splitg.; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 250. Nicaraaua, Chontales (Lévy, 1462).—-West Inpizs to Norta Brazi.. 2. Hemionitis hederzefolia, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘Herald,’ p. 339; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 398. MExico, without locality (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 3. Hemionitis levyi, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xvii. p. 237, et xix. p. 201. NicaRAGuA, island of Omotépé in the lake of Nicaragua (Lévy, 1157). 4. Hemionitis palmata, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 192; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 898; Hook. Exot. Fl. t.53; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 25; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 339; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 71. Gymnogramme palmata, Link. Hort. Berol. 1. p.49: Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 295. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1938); Soura Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1428), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 2197), Misantla (Liebmann), Chiapas (Ghiesbreght, 388); GuaremMata (Skinner), San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpizs to Perv. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 683 5. Hemionitis pinnatifida, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 8399; Kuhn in Bot. Zeit. 1869, p. 144. GuaTEMALA (Bernoulli, 32); Costa Rica (Wendland, 438). Sketch only in Herb. Kew. Tribe XIII. ACROSTICHE A. This tribe is limited to the genera Acrostichum and Platycerium; the latter consists of about half a dozen species widely spread in the tropics of the Old World; and one apparently unpublished species has been found in Peru and Bolivia. 40. ACROSTICHUM. Acrostichum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 399, et ed. 2, p. 518, tt. 7 et 8. fig. 60. About 170 species, generally dispersed in warm regions, but by far most numerous in Tropical America. Quite rare in temperate regions. The species in the following enumeration without an intercalated sectional name, all, or nearly all, belong to Elaphoglossum. 1. Acrostichum (Gymnopteris) alienum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 272; Hook. et Bak. Syn. p. 419; Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 85, sub Gymnopteride. Gymopteris aliena, Presl; G. portoricensis, Fée; G. irregularis, Fourn., et G. hastata, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. pp. 69 et 70 (species propriz). Acrostichum umbrosum, Liebm., A. irregulare, Liebm., et A. hastatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, pp: 20-22. Chrysodium umbrosum, Mett. ex Hook. . Anapausia aliena, Presi, Epimel. Bot. p. 187 ; Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. Souty Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann: portoricensis, ex Fourn.), Chiapas &c. (Ghies- breght, 407, 409), Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann : hastata, ex Fourn.), Chiquihite (Bour- geau, 2147: irregularis, ex Fourn.), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 370: hastata, ex Fourn.), Oaxaca 2000 feet (Galeotti, 6572); Guaremaza (Skinner); Satvapor, Sonsonati (Skinner); NicaRaGua, near Granada (Lévy, 301 : irregularis, ex Fourn.), Chontales (Seemann, 224) ; Panama. Veraguas (Seemann).—Cupa to Peru and the Vauury of the Amazons. Hb. Kew. 2. Acrostichum (Chrysodium) aureum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 266; _ Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 423 ; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 605; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. li. p. 93, t. 58; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 20. Chrysodium vulgare, Fée, Acrost. p. 97; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 69. Acrostichum obliquum, A. rigens, A. cayennense, A. durvillei, A. sculpturatum, A, daneefolium, A. formosum, A.marginatum, A. inequale, A. speciosum, A. fraxinifolium, et A. crassifolium, Presl, Epimel. Bot. pp. 179-183. Chrysodium hirsutum, C. inequale, C. cayennense, C. durvillei, C. sculpturatum, C. speciosum, C. fraxinifolium, et C. daneefolium, Fée, Acrost. pp. 97-101, tt. 59-62. Fioripa.—Soutn Mexico, Los Bafios (Heller), Chiquihite (Bouwrgeau), Tecoluta (Schiede); GuaTEMALA, without locality (Skinner); Nicaragua, near Granada (Lévy, 15); 432 684 FILICES. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 396).—Brrmupas and West Inpres to Peru and Sourn BraziL; and widely spread in the Tropical and SusrRopicaL Regions of the Old World. Hb. Kew. 3. Acrostichum auricomum, Kunze ; Fée, Acrost. p- 59; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p- 239 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 410. . Acrostichum laminarioides, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67, saltem pro parte et excl. syn. non Fée. Sout Mexico, valley of Cordova and Santa Alta region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2110, 3060 bis: daminarioides «. longipes, ex Fourn.).—CoLomBia to Perv. Hb. Kew. 4, Acrostichum bellermannianum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xx. p. 426; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67. Sour Mexico, Coatepec near Jalapa (Hahn).—Co.omsia to Ecuapor. There is nothing in the Kew Herbarium identified with this species. 5. Acrostichum (Polybotrya) caudatum, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 244 (non A. caudatum, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 215, teste Hook.) ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 414. Polybotrya caudata, Kunze in Linnea, ix. p. 23; Fée, Acrost. p. 72, t. 84. Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate, 456); Panama, Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 361).—West Inpirs to Peru and Brazin. Hb. Kew. 6. Acrostichum (Olfersia) cervinum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 254; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 416; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 23. Olfersia cervina, Kunze; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 48; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 69. Polybotrya cervina, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 55. | Dorcapteris cervina, Presl, Epimel. Bot. p. 167. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo and Barranca de Huitamalco (Liebmann).—Wust Inpies to Perv and Soutn Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Acrostichum (Soromanes) cenopteris, Kunze; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 256; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 417, Soromanes integrifolium, Fée, et S. serratifolium, Fée, Acrost. p. 82, tt. 42 et 43. Mexico (Galeotti, ex Fée).—VENEZUELA southward to Brazil. 8. Acrostichum conforme, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 198; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 401. Elaphoglossum conforme, Schott, 8 angustatum, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. p. 354. Acrostichum longifolium, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 63, pro parte. Acrostichum schaffneri, Fée, ex Fourn. loc. cit. p. 64. Acrostichum blepharodes, Fée, 9° Mém. p. 2, partim ex Fourn. Acrostichum affine, Mart, et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 24, t. 3. fig. 1; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 13; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 65; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 217. Acrostichum unitum, Bory in Fée, Acrost. p. 44. Nort Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1939), San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 953); Sourh Mexico, Chiapas &c. ( Ghiesbreght, 269); GuATEMALA, summit of Volcan de Fuego FILICES. 685 (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Aspinwall (8. Hayes, 151)—West Inpigs to Cum and Sovutu Brazi; also widely spread in the warmer parts of Asta, AFRICA, AUSTRALIA, and Polynesia, and occurring in such remote islands as St. HELENA and Tristan pA CuNHA. Hb. Kew. We have given the extended synonymy, including A. affine, suggested by Mr. Baker, without including any of the localities or numbers, cited under the various forms by Fournier, which we have not seen. 9. Acrostichum (Chrysodium) crinitum, Linn.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 267; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 421; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 1; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 6. Hymenodium crinitum, Fée, Acrost. p. 90. MExico (Galeotti, ex Hooker)—_West Inp1Es. There are no Mexican specimens of this remarkably distinct fern in the Kew Herba- rium, and we have not seen Galeotti’s 6295, which Martens and Galeotti refer to A. crinitwm, and Fée to A. blepharodes, Fée, which Baker would reduce to A. hy- bridum. [A. flaccidum, Fée, is incorrectly recorded from Panama in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum’ ; it should be Cape Corrientes. | 10. Acrostichum (Elaphoglossum) glaucum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 67, et 10° Mém. p. 4, t. 28. fig. 1; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 65. Elaphoglossum glaucum, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Miller), Cordova (Schaffner), Cofre de Perote (Hahn). 11. Acrostichum gratum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 69, et 10° Mém. p. 5, t. 30. fig. 2 (et non fig. 1, menda typographica), ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 66; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 183. NortH Mexico, in the San Miguelito mountains and elsewhere, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 953; Parry & Palmer, 1007); Sourn Mexico, Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 920), Popocatepetl, 7800 feet (Schaffner). Ub. Kew. 12. Acrostichum (Elaphoglossum) guatemalense, Klotzsch in Otto and Dietr. Allg. Gart. Zeit. 1855, p. 66. Described from cultivated specimens raised from spores said to have been received from GUATEMALA. 13. Acrostichum hybridum, Bory; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 210; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 403; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 21; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 15. Acrostichum mexicanum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 63. Acrostichum blepharodes, ¥ée, Acrost. p. 48, t. 24. fig. 3; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 64 (species propria). Acrostichum crinitum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 25, non Swartz. SourH Mexico, Barranca de Chinantla 7000 feet (Liebmann: mexicanum, Fourn.), Zacuapan (Galeotti, 6297).— VENEZUELA to BraziL, and AFRICA and its ISLANDS, including Tristan DA CunHa. Hb. Kew. 686 . FILICES. A, bourgeganum, Fourn. loc. cit. p. 64. t. 1, founded upon a plant sent from Mexico by Bourgeau and cultivated in the Paris Garden of Plants, Mr. Baker thinks referable to this species. 14. Acrostichum latifolinm, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. p. 202; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 403. Acrostichum andicola, Fée, Acrost. p. 28, t. 2; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 65. Acrostichum lingua, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 24; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 14, non Raddi. Acrostichum alismefolium, Fée, loc. cit. t. 3; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Acrostichum impressum, Fée, loc. cit. p. 83, t. 5. fig. 3; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Acrostichum longifolium, Jacq.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 63. Aconiopteris longifolia, Fée, Acrost. p. 80, t. 41. “—~ Elaphoglossum longifolium, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 337. Acrostichum simplex, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 21, non Swartz. Acrostichum scapellum, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 1, partim teste Fourn. Acrostichum sartorii, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 14. SoutH Mexico, Llano Verde, Oaxaca 6900 feet (Galeotti, 6342: andicola, Fourn.), Mirador (Liebmann: sartorii), Azul (Bourgeau, 3148), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 251) ; Guatemala, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpizs to Peru and Braz. Hb. Kew. 15. Acrostichum lepidotum, Willd. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 238; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 409. Acrostichum squamatum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67. Acrostichum roezlii, Schaffner in Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 69, et 10° Mem. p- 7, t. 380. fig. 1 (non fig. 2, menda typographica), ex Fourn. Acrostichum callolepis, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 69. Acrostichum rufescens, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 18. Acrostichum vestitum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 605 ; Liebm. loc. cit. p. 18; Fourn. loc. cit. p- 68 (species propria). Acrostichum fulvum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 24, t. 3. fig. 2. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba 3000 feet (Galeotti, 6459: fulvum), same locality at 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Liebmann: rufescens).—West Inpius to Perv. Hb. Kew. The synonymy of A. lepidotwm, Willd., and A. sguamosum, Cav., is so variously given by different writers that it is impossible for us to draw the line with any degree of certainty. We have, however, abstained from citing any of the localities recorded by Fournier which we are unable to verify. 16. Acrostichum lindeni, Bory; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p- 223 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 404; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 64; Fée, Acrost. p. 48, t. 24. fig. 3 Acrostichum pumilum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 23. Acrostichum venustum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 16. Acrostichum liebmannii, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. Sourh Mexico, peak of Orizaba 9000 to 10,000 feet (Linden, 52; Galeotti, 6263: Liebmann).—Southward to Ecuapor and Braz. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 687 The synonymy of this, as given above, may be both incomplete and incorrect as far as the names of Mexican forms are concerned, for, in the ‘ Species Filicum,’ A. blepharodes, Fée, and A. crinitum, Mart. et Gal., are cited under A. lindeni. 17. Acrostichum lineare, Fée, Acrost. t. 15. fig. 2; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 221; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 406. GuaTEMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—Brazit. Hb. Kew. 18. Acrostichum siloense, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 229; Hook. Ic. PL t. 657; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 405. Souta Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann); GuateMaLa, Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin). CoLomBIA to Peru. Hb. Kew. 19. Acrostichum lonchophyllum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 68; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 65; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 549. SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2888), Huatusco (Schaffner). Hb. Kew. 20. Acrostichum matthewsil, Fée, Acrost. p. 54, t. 2. fig. 2; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 230; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 408. Acrostichum hartwegii, Fée, loc. cit. p. 58, t. 9. fig. 2. Acrostichum lepidotum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67, vix Willd. Acrostichum muscosum, Mart. ét Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 22? Elaphoglossum hartwegii, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. SoutH Mextco, peak of Orizaba 9500 to 11,000 feet ( Galeott:, 6265).— CoLomBrato PERv. There is probably some confusion here; the Mexican plant is included on the autho- rity of Moore. 21. Acrostichum melanopus, Kunze; Mett. Fil. Lips. p. 19, t. 1; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 403; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 249. Acrostichum attenuatum, Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 23, t. 1. fig. 1, ex Fourn. NortH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d@Aoust); Sourn Mexico, Popocatepetl (Schaffner) ; Nicaracua, without locality (Lévy, 1507).— VENEZUELA. All the localities within our limits given on the authority of Fournier. 22, Acrostichum muelleri, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 68, t. 1. fig. 2; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 522. Sour Mexico, near Orizaba (JZiiller, 41, in part). [‘‘ Acrostichum nanum, Liebm. (Mexicos Bregner, p. 19), non Fée, est species junior hujusce generis,” Fournier. | 93. Acrostichum nudum, Kunze ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 66. Acrostichum gayanum, Fée, Acrost. p. 37, t. 19. fig. 2; Rémy in Gay, Fl. Chil. vi. p. 475. Acrostichum leptophyllum, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 285. Acrostichum simplex, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 21, partim.; Fée, Acrost. p. 36; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 205, excl. var. 8 ex Fourn. Acrostichum tenuifolium, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 11. 688 FILICES. NortH Mexico, San Rafael (Guillemin); Soutn Mexico, woods on the eastern cordillera (Galeotti, 6304), Popocatepetl (Schaffner), Sierra Yavezia (Galeotti, 6345). Cerro de Sempoaltepec (Liebmann). | The synonymy and distribution is wholly from Fournier, though we may have the very same forms under some other species. 24. Acrostichum obscurum, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 68. Souta Mexico, Misantla (Hahn). 25. Acrostichum (Rhipidopteris) peltatum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 252; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 416; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 26; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 19. Rhipidopteris peltata, Schott; Fée, 5° Mém. Foug. p. 49, t. 24; J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 3388; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p 69. Sourn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3158; Miller, 2221), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 674), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6319: Hahn), Yavezia &c., Oaxaca 5000 to 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6341, 6546), Mirador (Linden), Teotalcingo, Oaxaca (Liebmann), Huatusco (Schmitz), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 397) ; GuatemaLa (Skinner), Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).—West Invigs to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 26. Acrostichum pilosum, H. B.K.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 241; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 406; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67. SoutH Mexico, San Felipe, near Oaxaca, and Toluca (Andriewx, 81, 32).—CoLoMBra. Hb. Kew. [Under the name A. preslianum, Fée, syn. A. ciliatum, Presl, Fournier, including his citations, has a mixture of that species and A. simplex, Swartz, and A. flaccidum, Fée; the figure in Hooker and Bauer’s ‘ Genera Filicum,’ t. 105, being, as Mr. Baker informs us, A. flaccidum and not A. simplex. A. ciliatum is totally different from both of the others, and only A. simplex occurs within our limits. | 27. Acrostichum recognitum, Kunze; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 520. Acrostichum setosum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 17. SourH Mexico, Barranca de Huitamalca, Puebla (Liebmann).—Anpzs oF Qurto. Hb. Kew. 28. Acrostichum (Elaphoglossum) salvini, Baker, n. sp. | “A. rhizomate breviter repente, paleis parvis lanceolatis nigro-castaneis vestito; fronde sterili lanceolato acuto basi cuneato utrinque paleis ovatis minutis membranaceis ferrugineis profunde fimbriatis tenuiter vestito, venis perspicuis adscendentibus simplicibus vel furcatis, stipite elongato paleis parvis lanceolatis membranaceis pallide ferrugineis predito; fronde fertili multo minore stipite longiore. “Lamina sterilis 4—6 poll. longa, medio 10-12 lineas lata, stipite 3-5-pollicari. “Ad A. viscosum, Swartz, accedit.”—Baker, MSS. GuateMALa, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 54, 226). Hb. Kew. FILICES. 689 [Fournier doubtingly refers a fern from Vera Cruz, collected by Schaffner, to A. scandens, Fee, which is reduced to A. lingua, Raddi, in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ a spe- cies of which there are no specimens from within our limits in the Kew Herbarium. | 29. Acrostichum scolopendrifolium, Raddi; Hook. Sp. Fil. ii. p. 211; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 407. Acrostichum erinaceum, Fée, Acrost. p. 41; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p- 64, excl. syn. Hook. et Grev. Acrostichum nitidum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 16, ex Fourn. South Mexico, Huatusco (Schaffner), Barranca de Chinantla, Puebla (Liebmanny) ; ‘GUATEMALA, without locality (Skinner); Panama, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1551).— ANDES ; South Brazit. Hb. Kew. The Mexican localities are from Fournier, and may belong to the true A. hybridum. 30. Acrostichum (Chrysodium) serratifolium, Mart.; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 263; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 423. Heteroneuron serratifolium, Fée, Acrost. p. 94, t. 55; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 69. SoutH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeaw, 2008).—VENEZUELA to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 31. Acrostichum simplex, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 205; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 400. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 305), Vera Cruz to Orizaba (Miller, 31), peak of Orizaba 10,000 feet (Liebmann), Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6548).—Cusa to Brazin. Hb. Kew. 32. Acrostichum (Stenochlena) sorbifolium, Linn. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 241; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 412. Lomariopsis erythrodes, Fée, et L. recurvata, Fée, Acrost. pp. 67 et 68, t. 28; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 70 (species propriz). Lomariopsis vestita, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 250. Lomaria sorbifolia, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 3. Olfersia speciosa, Klotzsch ex Fourn. SoutH Mexico, Teapa (Linden: recurvata), eastern cordillera (Galeotti; Hahn, 56: erythrodes) ; GuaTeMaLa, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate; Lévy, 476: vestita); Panama, Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 379)— West Inptes to Perv and SoutH Brazit; also ranging widely in PoLynesta, Arrica, Mascarene Isianps, Mataya, and Cocuin Cuina. Hb. Kew. 83. Acrostichum spathulatum, Bory; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 408. Acrostichum piloselloides, Presl, Relig. Heenk. i. p. 14, t. 11; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 227; Hook. Fil. Exot. t.39; Fée, Acrost. p. 51, t. 14. fig. 6; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 22; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 68. Acrostichum pumilum, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit.p. 23, t.2. fig. 2, teste Hook. Acrostichum jamesoni, Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 80; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1886. At 690 FILICES. Souta Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3072; Miller, 37, 38), Volcan de Colima 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6434), Cordillera of Oaxaca 1500 feet (Galeotti, 6355); GUATEMALA (Skinner), Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Cupa to Perv and Braziz; TRistan pa Cunua; MascarEeNE Istanps; Ceyton. Hb. Kew. 34. Acrostichum squamipes, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 228; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 404; Hook. Ic. Fil. t. 197; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 67; Fée, Acrost. p. 53, t. 22. fig. 2. Acrostichum ovatum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 12, non Hook. Acrostichum revolutum, Liebm. loc. cit. p. 11?; Fourn. loc. cit. p.65 (species propria). Elaphoglossum revolutum, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. Acrostichum humile, Mett. in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 284? Souta Mexico, Cerro de Sempoaltepec, Oaxaca, 8000 to 9000 feet (Liebmann), near Lobani and Petlapa, Chinantla 3000 feet (Liebmann : revolutum).—CoLomBia ; Braziu: Peru. Hb. Kew. 35. Acrostichum squamosum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 239; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 411. Acrostichum hirtum, Swartz ex Hook. an Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 68? GuaTEMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—West Inpies to Ecuapor and NortH Brazit; also widely dispersed in the warmer parts of Arrica, Asia, and Poty- NESIA. Hb. Kew. Fournier records two or three Mexican localities for A. hirtum. 36. Acrostichum squarrosum, Klotzsch; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 224; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 405 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 66. Sourh Mexico, Chiapas (Linden); Guatemata, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin).— Cotomsia. Hb. Kew. 87. Acrostichum tambillense, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 207 ; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 856; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 400. | GuatTeMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin).—Ecuapor. Hb. Kew. 388. Acrostichum tatei, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 518. Nicaracua, Chontales (Tate, 131). Hb. Kew. 39. Acrostichum tectum, Willd.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 410. Acrostichum rubiginosum, Fée, Acrost. p. 47, t. 5. fig. 1; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 222. Acrostichum venustum, Fée, 8° Mém. Foug. p. 68, et 9° Mém. p. 2, non Liebm. ex. Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. p. 66 (species propria). Acrostichum schmitzii, Mett. ex Kuhn in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 51. Acrostichum schiedei, Kunze, Anal. Pterid. p. 10; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 23; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 15. Acrostichum elongatum, Kunze; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Acrostichum intermedium, Fée, 7° Mém. Foug. p. 69, et 9° Mém. p. 2, non Brack., ex Fourn. Elaphoglossum. cognatum, Thos. Moore, Ind. Fil. FILICES. 691 Soutn Mexico, San Nicolas (Schmitz : schmitzit), Chinantla, Puebla 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann: schiedei), Rio Blanco, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2538, 3065: elon- gatum); GuaTeMaLa (Skinner; Godman & Salvin).—Wesr Invies to Perv and Sovuru Brazit. Hb. Kew. 40. Acrostichum villosum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p. 225; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 409; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 95. SoutH Mexico, Barranca de Huitamalca (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 308).— Cusa to Perv. Hb. Kew. 41. Acrostichum viscosum, Swartz; Hook. Sp. Fil. v. p.220; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t.61; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 406 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 69 (“species non visa ”’). Sourn Mexico, Zimapan (Coulter, 1695, 1696), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 314), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3065); Guaremata, Volcan de Fuego at 6000 feet (Godman & Salvin, 242).—Wesr Inpres to Perv and Brazit, and in TropicaL Asta and AFRICA. Hb. Kew. 42. Acrostichum viride, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 66. Sourn Mexico, Hacienda de las Animas (Hahn, 455). Suborder III. OSMUNDACEZ. Restricted to the genera Osmunda and Todea; the latter is confined to the southern hemisphere, and comprises about half a dozen species, inhabiting Australia, New Zealand, Polynesia, and South Africa. 41. OSMUNDA. Osmunda, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 426, t. 8. fig. 62. There are six species of this genus, as they are defined in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ and they are very widely spread in both north and south temperate regions, rarer in the tropics. 1. Osmunda cinnamomea, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 426; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 227, t. 29. fig. 3-5; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 152. Osmunda imbricata, Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. p. 29, t. 112. NEWFOUNDLAND and Canapa to WisconsIN and southward to Fioripa and Lovistawa.— Sours Mexico, San Antonio, Huatusco at 4500 feet (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghies- breght, 300).—CoLomBra to Perv and Souru Brazit, and in Eastern Asia. Hb. Kew. 2. Osmunda regalis, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 427; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 209, t. 28. Osmunda spectabilis, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 98; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 21. 4¢2 692 FILICES. Osmunda spectabilis, Willd., 8. palustris, Presl; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 152. Osmunda regalis, Linn., var. spectabilis, Willd., 8. brasiliensis, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 308. Osmunda mexicana, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 43. Osmunda palustris, Schrader ; Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p. 20. Canapa southward on the eastern side.—NortH Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1950); Sour Mexico, Huatusco (Liebmann), Jalapa 4000 feet ( Galeotti, 6388 ; Linden, 2), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 299), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2791); GUATEMALA, Coban (Godman & Salvin), Alta Vera Paz (Tiirckheim).—Eastern SouTH AMERICA to Brazil, and very widely spread in the OLD WorLp.—Hb. Kew. Suborder IV. SCHIZHACEZ. Of this Suborder there are five genera; those not represented within our limits being, Mohria, an African monotype, and Trochopteris, also a monotype, and only represented in the Kew Herbarium from South Brazil; but it has been erroneously recorded as having been found in Cuba by Fée (Fil. Antil. p. 125). 42. SCHIZA. Schizea, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 428, t. 8. fig. 64. A genus of about sixteen species, very widely spread in temperate and subtropical regions, though not represented in Europe. There is one endemic North-American species, which inhabits Nova Scotia and New Jersey, and there is one that has hitherto only been found in the Auckland and Falkland Islands. Another, S. dichotoma, has a wide range both in the Old World and America, reaching Venezuela and Cuba, and probably also occurring in Central America. 1. Schizzea (Lophidium) elegans, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 430; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 139; Hook. Gard. Ferns, t. 54; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p- 149. Lophidium elegans, Presl, Suppl. p. 77. Acrostichum elegans, Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 104, t. 50. South Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca, 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6536), Jocotepec (Lieb- mann).— West InDizs to Perv, Guiana, and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 43. ANEMIA. Anemia, Swartz (Aneimia, auct. plur.) ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 431, et ed. 2, p. 525, t. 8. fig. 65. Of the twenty-seven species of this genus, twenty-six are American, ranging from the South-eastern States of North America to Peru and South Brazil. The remaining one is endemic in South Africa. 1. Anemia adiantifolia, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 434; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 621; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261, et Mex. Pl. Enum. FILICES. 693 i. p. 139; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 103, t. 14. fig. 2, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. Anemia opaca, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 41. FLoripa.—Nortu Mexico?, on the route from San Luis Potosi to “Tampico (Palmer, 1160); Sour Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2789; Linden, 35), Puente Nacional, Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6324), Tabasco (Linden, 1488), Chiapas &c. (Ghies- breght, 240); Guatemana, Sacluc (Bernoulli & Cardio, 392), Yzabal (Godman & Salvin): Nicaragua (Lévy, 27).— Cuba and Banamas to Banta. Hb. Kew. 2. Anemia affinis, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 525. Anemia collina, J. Sm. in Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 343 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 139, non Raddi. Norra Mexico, Sierra Madre (Seemann, 1951). Hb. Kew. Galeotti’s number 6364, referred by Martens and Galeotti (Foug. Mex. p. . 20) and by Fournier to A. collina, Raddi, is not in the Kew Herbarium. 3. Anemia breuteliana, Presl ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 482. Anemia mandioccana, Hook. Gen. Fil. t. 90, non Raddi. Anemia incisa, Schrad. ; Mart. Ic. Crypt. Bras. p. 115, tt. 55 et 56; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 189. Anemia hirsuta, var. a. integrifolia, Fourn., syn. A. filiformis, Swartz, ex Fourn. loc. cit., et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261 (species propria). SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2778: filiformis, ex Fourn.), Rio Blanco (Bourgeau, 3617: incisa, ex Fourn.); Nicaragua, Granada and Omotépé (Lévy, 209, 264).—West InpiEs to Perv and Brazit. Hb. Kew. A. filiformis, Swartz, as circumscribed in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ is not represented in the Kew Herbarium by Mexican specimens, although recorded as Mexican. [A. helveola, Fée (9° Mém. Foug. p. 41), to which Fournier refers Galeotti’s numbers 6541 and 6585 bis, which are not in the Kew Herbarium, is unknown to us. | 4, Anemia hirsuta, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 433; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 139, pro parte. Anemia ciliata, Presl, et A. dissecta, Presl, et A. repens, Raddi, ex Hook. et Bak. South Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2778), Potrero and Consoquitla _ (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6363, 6543, 6567), Zacuapan (Leibold) ; GuateMaLA (Skinner), Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin), Barranca del Incensio (Bernoulli, 106); Costa Rica (Harrison) ; Panama, Veraguas (Seemann, 12).—CuBa to Perv and Souty Brazit. Hb. Kew. 5. Anemia mexicana, Klotzsch in Linnea, xviii. p. 526; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 433; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 139; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 988; Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. t. 131; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 99, t. 14. fig. 1, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. Anemia speciosa, Presl ; Hook. 2nd Cent. Ferns, t. 65, teste Hook. et Bak. Trexas.—NortH Mexico?, on the route from San Luis Potosi to Tampico (Palmer, 694 FILICES. 1159); Sourn Mexico, between Comaltepec and Tepitonga, 3800 to 4000 feet (Lied- mann); GUATEMALA, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. 6. Anemia oblongifolia, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 431; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 139; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Anemia pilosa, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 19, t. 2. fig. 1. Anemia humilis, Swartz, et A. pumila, Klotzsch, ex Bak. et Hook. Anemia seemannii, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vii. p. 564, t. 16. Souty Mexico, Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Cordillera of Oaxaca 3000 to 6000 feet (Galeott7, 6353), Tepitonga, Oaxaca (Liebmann) ; GuaremaLa, San Gerénimo (Godman & Salvin), between Rosario and Vega (Bernoulli & Cario, 300); Costa Rica (Harrison); PanaMa, island of Taboga (Seemann, 992).—Southward to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Anemia (Anemidictyon) phyllitidis, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 435 ; Raddi, Fl. Bras. t. 8 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 140; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 152; Kuhn, Beitr. Mex. Farmk. p. 25; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 364. Anemia henkei, Pres]; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 19. Anemidictyon phyllitidis, Presl, Suppl. Anemia cordifolia, Presl, loc. cit. p. 73, t. 11. fig. 3. Anemia fraxinifolia, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 69, t. 8 bis. SourH Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1448), Mirador 3000 feet (Liebmann ; Linden, 3), Zacuapan (Letbold), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6399; Harris); GUATEMALA (Skinner), Motagua valley and Carrizal (Godman & Salvin); Costa Rica (Harrison) ; PanaMA, Boquete, Veraguas (Seemann, 1121).—West Inpres to Peru and Sovura Brazit. Hb. Kew. 8. Anemia tomentosa, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 433 ; Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 26 (fulva) et t. 31 (flexuosa); Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. Anemia flexuosa, Swartz, A. deltoidea, Swartz, A. fulva, Swartz, et A. villosa, H. B. K., teste Hook. et Bak.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 189. Nortu Mexico, Escobrillos mountains (Schaffner, 945: fulva); Souru MEXIco, Zacuapan (Leibold) ; Guatemata (Skinner; Godman § Salvin), Baio de los Padres (Bernoulli, 123).—West Inpies to Peru and Monte Vivgco. Hb. Kew. 44. LYGODIUM. Lygodium, Swartz; Hook. ct Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 436, et ed. 2, p. 325, t. 9. fig. 68. A genus of eighteen species, very widely diffused in warm countries, and extending to Temperate North America, Asia, South Africa, and New Zealand. 1. Lygodium digitatum, Eaton, Fil. Wright. et Fend. p. 217, non Presl, ex Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 437. | GuatEMaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Lion Hill (S. Hayes).—CoLomBia. Hb. Kew. FILICES. 695 2. Lygodium heterodoxum, Kunze, Farrnkr. ii. p. 32, t. 113; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 439; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261. Hydroglossum spectabile, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 147; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 188. Hydroglossum mexicanum, Fée, 9° Mém. p. 42. Lygodium scandens, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 18, non Schkuhr. South Mexico, Teapa, Tabasco (Linden, 1506), San Pedro, Tepinapa (Liebmann), Sierra San Pedro Nolasco (Jurgensen, 763); GuaTeMALA, Alta Vera Paz (Tiirckheim, 361); Nicaracva (ate, 77), Chontales (Lévy, 1463). Hb. Kew. 8. Lygodium mexicanum, Presl, Relig. Henk. i. p. 72; Kunze in Linnea, xvill. p. 308 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum.i. p. 138; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 438, sub Z. scandente. Lygodium venustum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 146, non Swartz. South Mexico, Colipa, Antigua, and Trapiche de la Concepcion (Liebmann), Chiapas &e. ( Ghiesbreght, 265). Hb. Kew. This is very near the widely-dispersed Old-World L. scandens, Swartz, with which it is associated in the ‘ Synopsis Filicum.’ 4, Lygodium venustum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 438; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 13. Lygodium polymorphum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p.381; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p- 261, et Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 138. Lygodium pubescens, Mart. et Gal. loc. cit. p. 17, ex Fourn. Lygodium schiedeanum, Presl, Suppl. p. 110, ex Fourn. Lygodium meaicanum, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 146, non Presl. South Mrxico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 258); GuatemaLa (Godman & Salvin) ; Honpvuras, Belize (Barlee) ; Satvapor (Bernoulli, 14); Nicaragua, island of Omotépé, lake of Nicaragua (Lévy, 130); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 385), Rio Santa Maria (Seemann, 17).—West Inpigs to Peru and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 5. Lygodium volubile, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 438. Lygodium hastatum, Mart. teste Hook. et Bak. sed vix Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 147. Panama, Chagres (Mendler, 384).—Cusa to Brazit. Hb. Kew. In addition to the foregoing names, Fournier (Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261) records L. commutatum, Presl, and ZL. oligostachyum, Desv., from Nicaragua (Lévy, 130 bis and 1363). Suborder V. MARATTIACEZ. Four genera are referred to this Suborder ; those not found within our limits being the curious Asiatic monotypic Kaulfussia and the genus Angiopteris, which ranges from India to Madagascar, Australia, New Caledonia, and the Society Islands. Hooker and Baker regard all the forms of Angiopteris as varieties of one species, while De Vriese describes sixty of them as species. 696 | FILICES, 45, MARATTIA. Marattia, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 440, et ed. 2, p. 525, t. 9. fig. 70. There are eight species of this genus widely spread in the tropics, and extending into south temperate regions. 1, Marattia alata, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 442: J. Sm. in Seem, Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 343. Marattia microphylla, Fée, et M. levis, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 43; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum, i. p. 186. Discostegia, Presl, Suppl. p. ll. Marattia weinmanniefolia, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 156; Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xix. p. 261. South Mexico, Oaxaca 7000 to 8000 feet (Liebmann); Cordillera of Oaxaca at 5000 feet (Galeotti, 6349), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 241); GuateMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin) ; Nicarava ( Lévy, 1473).—West Inpies. Hb. Kew. 2. Marattia laxa, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 306, et Farrnkr. i. p. 231, t. 95 ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 441; Fourn. Mex. Pl, Enum. i. p. 187. Gymnotheca laxa, Presl, Suppl. Tent. Pterid. p. 15. ; South Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2108), near Mexico (Leibold). Hb. Kew. 46. DANJEA. Danea, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 442, et ed. 2, p. 525, t. 9. fig. 71. An exclusively Tropical-American genus of about a dozen species. 1. Danza alata, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 443; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 18. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 389).—Wust Inpizs. Hb. Kew. 2. Danza crispa, Endres et Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 489; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2. p. 525. Costa Rica, San José (Endres). Hb. Kew. 3. Danza cuspidata, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 155 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 136, Sourn Mexico, Lobani, Petlapa 2500 feet ( Lnebmann). This is not in the Kew Herbarium; but Moore, according to the ‘ Synopsis Filicum,’ took it to be probably the same as D. stenophylla, Kunze, a West-Indian species. D. alata, Liebm., loc. cit. p. 306, from the Hacienda de J ovo, is another doubtful plant. FILICES. 697 - 4. Danea elliptica, Smith; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 444; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 136 ; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 52. Danea media, Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 154, teste Fourn. Danea geniculata, Raddi, Fil. Bras. t. 5. Souta Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann); Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 390).— West Inpres to Sourn Braziz, common. Hb. Kew. 5. Danza moritziana, Presl, Suppl. Tent. Pterid. vi. p. 35; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 448. Nicaracua, Chontales (Seemann, 218).—Jamaica and CoLomsia to Perv. Hb. Kew. «6. Danza nodosa, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 444; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 51. Panama (Cuming).—Cupa to Brazit. Hb. Kew. 7. Danea wendlandii, Reich. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 490; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. ed. 2, p. 526. Costa Rica (Wendland). Suborder VI. OPHIOGLOSSACEZ.. _ Besides the two genera represented in Mexico, there is one other, namely Helmin- thostachys, an Asiatic and Australian monotype. Presl’s Botryopteris mexicana is a synonym of it, and was by mistake published as Mexican. Fournier queries the latter as a synonym of Anemia phyllitidis. 47. OPHIOGLOSSUM. Ophioglossum, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 444. Almost universally spread, except in the arctic regions. Hooker and Baker reduce the numerous species described by various authors to ten. 1. Ophioglossum palmatum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 446; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 269, t. 81. figg. 11-14; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 141; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 14. Cheiroglossa palmata, Presl, Suppl. p. 57; Fée, 11° Mém. Foug. p. 127. Fioripa.—SoutH Mexico, Chinantla at 3000 feet (Galeott:, 6603).—West INDIEs to Sour Brazit and Perv; also in the SEYCHELLES and Bourson. Hb. Kew. Galeotti seems to have been the only collector who has met with this striking species in Mexico, and we have no record of it in Central America. 2. Ophioglossum reticulatum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 446; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 20; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 141; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 13; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 153. Souta Mexico, Cordillera of Oaxaca 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6601), region of Orizaba . BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. III., February 1886. Au 698 FILICES. (Bourgeau, 3073).—West Inpizs to Peru and Sour BraziL; also widely dispersed in Arnica, the warmer parts of Asta, and in Po.ynusia. Hb. Kew. O. vulgatum has an exceedingly wide range, including Texas and Arizona, but we have seen no Mexican specimens, and no record of any. Klotzsch, however (Linnea, xviii, p. 529) records O. bulbosum, Mich.=0. crotalophoroides, Walker (Eaton, Ferns N. Am. ii. p. 265, t. 81. figg. 5-7) from Real del Monte, Ehrenberg. 48. BOTRYCHIUM. Botrychium, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 447, t. 9. fig. 75. Six species are admitted in the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ and they are generally spread in temperate and arctic regions; rare in the tropics, and, what is very remarkable, the genus is apparently nowhere represented in Africa. 1. Botrychium ternatum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 448; Eaton, — Ferns N. Am. i. p. 147, t. 20 et 20a, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. Botrychium obliquum, Muhlenb.; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 621; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p- 153; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 141. Botrychium decompositum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 15, t. 1. NEWFOUNDLAND to UNALASKA and southward to CaLirornia and Frormpa.—Norta Mexico, in the San Miguelito mountains (Schaffner, 944); SourH Mexico, between Totutla and Mirador (Liebmann), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3154), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght)—CoLomBia and VENEZUELA; and widely dispersed in the OLD Woz, ranging from Centra Evrore and Norruern Asia to AusTraLiA and NEW ZEALAND. Hb. Kew. 2. Botrychium virginianum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. p. 448; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 140; Eaton, Ferns N. Am. i. p. 258, t. 33, et in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189; Hook. et Grev. in Hook. Bot. Mise. iii. 1833, p. 223 (var. mexicanum) ; Liebm. Mexicos Bregner, p. 153. Botrychium brachystachys, Kunze in Linnea, xviii. p. 805. New Brunswick, CanaDa, and OrREGoN southward to Fioripa.—Norts# Mexico, San Miguelito mountains (Schaffner, 943); SourH Mexico, San Nicolas (Schmitz), Real del Monte (Coulter, 1716), Desierto Viejo (Bourgeau, 915), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 430) ; GuaTEMaLa, Chilasco and Volcan de Agua (Godman & Salvin).—Cotomsi1a to Ecuapor and Brazit; and Eastern Europe to JAPAN, as well as in the NEILGHERRIES and CEYLON. Hb. Kew. Order CLXII. EQUISETACEZE. Equisetacee, Milde in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xxiv. pars 2, cum tab. 35, et Fil. Europ. &c. pp. 20-9250. Restricted to the genus Hquisetum, which comprises about twenty-five species, gene- rally dispersed in the northern hemisphere, from the arctic regions southward ; much EQUISETACEA. 699 rarer in the southern hemisphere, and unknown in Australia, New Zealand, and the greater part of Polynesia, as well as Patagonia and Fuegia. The genus is also unrepre- sented in most oceanic islands, as Ascension, St. Helena, Tristan da Cunha, and all the islands in the south part of the Indian Ocean. One species has been collected in the Bermudas. where, however, it seems to be very rare; and #. debile ranges from Japan to the New Hebrides, New Caledonia, and the Fijis. Several of the species have a wide range, and FE. ramosissimum almost covers the area of the genus. The greatest concentration of species is in America, where twenty-one out of the twenty-five occur, and of these nine are endemic. Thirteen species inhabit America north of Mexico, but only one, £. levigatum, is peculiar to that region. 1. Equisetum bogotense, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 42; Milde in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 311, t. 12, et Fil. Europ. &c. p. 226. Equisetum ramosissinum, Seem. Bot. Voy. ‘ Herald,’ p. 244, non H. B. K. Costa Rica, Cartago (Friedrichsthal) ; Panama, Chiriqui, Veraguas (Seemann, 1547). —Cotomsia to Guiana and Cut. Hb. Kew. Hartweg’s specimen of this species recorded from Jamaica, was collected near Quito, as is proved by the original label bearing the same number, namely 1462. 2. Equisetum giganteum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p.1517; Milde in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 397, t. 21, et Fil. Europ. &c. p. 232. Equisetum ramosissimum, H. B. K. in Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 9, teste Milde. GUATEMALA, Patal, Baja Vera Paz (Bernoulli & Cario, 140).—West Inpins to Cait and Brazit. Hb. Kew. Ernst collected specimens of this species in the neighbourhood of Caracas from plants 36 feet high, though the stems were barely 2 inch thick, being partially supported by other vegetation. 3. Equisetum mexicanum, Milde in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 504, t. 28, non Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesell. Wien, 1862, p. 1256. South Mexico, on the Rio Blanco, Orizaba (Miller, 1855), Hacienda de Mirador (Liebmann). 4, Equisetum myriochetum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 623; Milde in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 493, t. 27, et Fil. Europ. &c. p. 240; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum, i. p. 142. Sout Mexico, Misantla (Schiede), Cordova (Schaffner), Mirador (Linden; Bourgeau, 2767). Hb. Kew. 5. Equisetum ramosissimum, Desf. Fl. Atl. ii. p. 398; Milde in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 428, t. 24, et Fil. Europ. &c. p. 234. Equisetum elongatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 8, teste Milde ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 142. British CoLomsBia southward.—Souta Mexico, Eugenio, Sierra de la Cruz (Miller), Jicaltepec, Chinantla (Liebmann), Orizaba (Schaffner; Miller), near Jalapa (Galeotti, 4u2 700 EQUISETACEZ, 6225).—Southward to Cuil, and widely spread in Europe, Asia, and Arrica, including the Azores and CANARIES. This widely diffused species presents a great variety of forms, in all parts of its area, only two of which, however, are peculiar to our region. These are miilleri and annu- liferum (Milde, loc. cit. pp. 438 et 444), from Chinantla and the Sierra de la Cruz respectively. 6. Equisetum robustum, A. Brown in Sillim. Am. Journ. Sc. xlvi. 1844, p. 88; Milde in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 533, t. 31, et Fil. Europ. p. 241; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 142; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. CanaDA and British CoLuMBIA southward to CaLiIForNiIA and Trxas.—Norte Mexico, swamps near Morales (Schaffner, 964); Sourh Muxico, Orizaba (Weber), scattered in the valley of Mexico (Schaffner).—Also in Inpia. 7. Equisetum schaffneri, Milde in Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesell. Wien, 1861, p. 8345; Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. xxiv. 2, p. 421, t. 23, et Fil. Europ. &c. p. 233; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 142.—NortuH Mexico, San Luis Potosi (Virlet d’Aoust) ; Sours Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner).—Prrvu ; CHIL. Order CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE. As here limited, this Order includes only two other genera besides those represented in Mexico, namely, Phylloglossum, a very remarkable monotype, resembling a miniature Plantago, and inhabiting Australia and New Zealand; and 7 mesipteris, also a very singular monotype, which is spread over Australia, New Zealand, and Polynesia, and has been recorded as having been collected in California by Douglas; but it is just possible that the specimens in the Kew Herbarium purporting to come from California were so labelled by mistake, for there is no other evidence of its existence in that country. ‘The Order is almost ubiquitous, except in the very driest regions; yet it seems to be wholly wanting in the island of Juan Fernandez, where there is a rich fern-vegetation ; and none has hitherto been collected in the Bermudas, where there are about twenty-five species of ferns, except the littoral Psilotum triguetrum. On the other hand two species of Lycopodium occur in the very sparse flora of Ascension. 1. LYCOPODIUM. Lycopodium, Linn. pro parte; Spring, Monogr. Fam. Lycop. 1. et ii. pp. 5—52. This genus is generally spread where there is sufficient humidity; and several of the species have an exceedingly wide range. It is noteworthy, however, that no species is known to occur in California, and the genus is only very sparingly represented eastward through Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. Spring retains 107 species, which Mr. J. G. Baker, in a synopsis of the genus he has prepared for publication, reduces to eighty. LYCOPODIACEA. 701 1. Lycopodium cernuum, Linn.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 79, et ii. p- 37; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647; Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, p. 40; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 145; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. Exped. ii. p. 92. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1937), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 601) ; GuaTEeMALa, Coban, Alta Vera Paz (Tiirckheim, 220); Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate).— Tropics generally, and extending to the Azorss. St. Henena, St. Paut, New ZEALAND, and the Care or Goop Horr. Hb. Kew. 2. Lycopodium clavatum, Linn.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 88, et ii. p. 42; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 646; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 600; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622; Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, p. 40; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 145; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. Exped. ii. p. 196. Lycopodium cristatum, Willd.; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 9. Lycopodium piliferum, Raddi, Fil. Bras. p. 79, t. 3. Lycopodium trichophyllum, Desv. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Par. vi. p. 184; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. . 145. Lycopodium trichiatum, Spring, Monogr. Lycop. i. p. 91; Liebm. loc. cit. p. 41. Lycopodium contiguum, Klotasch in Linnea, xviii. p. 519; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 146 (species propria). ARCTIC REGIONS southward.—SourH Mexico, around Mexico (Schmitz), region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2768), Cordillera of Oaxaca 7000 feet (Galeotti, 6602), summit of Sempoaltepec 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Liebmann). Cosmopotitan. Hb. Kew. 3. Lycopodium complanatum, Linn. ; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 101, et li, p. 47; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 674; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p- 646; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 146. Lycopodium thyoides, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 18; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 9; Ch. et. Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622. CanaDa southward.—SoutH Mexico, region of Orizaba (Bourgeau, 3159, 3190). Pine forests Tiuzutlan and Tepitonga (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght), Zacualti- pan (Hartweg, 409), Cordillera of Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6604) ; GuaremaLa, Huehuetenango (Bernoulli & Cario, 193).—Southward to Peru and Braz, and widely spread in Europe and Asia southward to Java. Hb. Kew. 4, Lycopodium dichotomum, Jacq. ; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 41, et ii. p- 18; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 144. Lycopodium mandioccanum, Spring, loc. cit.i. p. 44, a. brasiliense et 8. mexicanum; Fourn. loc. cit. p. 145 (species propria) ; Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, p. 39. Lycopodium pithyoides, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 623. South Mexico, Jalapa (Linden, 81); GuaremaLa, Chilasco and Coban (Salvin & Godman, 348), Volcan de Fuego (Salvin) ; Panama, Santiago Veraguas (Seemann, 33).— Southward to Peru and Brazin, and in the West INprEs; also in the GaALApagos. Hb. Kew. 702 LYCOPODIACEZ. 5. Lycopodium linifolium, Linn.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 30, et ii. p. 12; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 7; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 144. SovtH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann), Jalapa (Galeotti, 6609); Guaremana, (Skinner), Coban and Choctum (Godman & Salvin, 385)—Cotomsia to Perv, Gurana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 6. Lycopodium mollicomum, Mart. ex Spring in Flora, 1838, i. p. 162, et in Fl. Bras. i. p. 113; Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 42, sub Z. setaceo. Lycopodium gramineum, Spring, Monogr. ii. p. 12. GuatemaLa, Yzabal (Godman & Salvin); Panama, Lion Hill (8. Hayes, 378).— CoLomBia to Brazit. Hb. Kew. | 7. Lycopodium reflexum, Lam.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 25, et ii. p. 10; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 144; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647. Sour Mexico, Jalapa (Harris; Linden, 82), San Antonio, Huatusco (Liebmann), around Mexico (Schmitz), near Orizaba (Schaffner).—CoLomsia, Perv, Brazin, and the West Inpies, Hb. Kew. 8. Lycopodium serratum, Thunb. ; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 39, et ii. p. 18; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 144. Lycopodium sargassifolium, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847. SourH Mexico, Villa Alta, Oaxaca (Liebmann).—Tropicat and SuBTROPICAL ASIA, common, and PoLynusta, from Samoa to the Sanpwicu Isuanps. Hb. Kew. 9. Lycopodium subulatum, Desv. : Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 71,. et ii. p. 32. GuateMALA, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin)—Cotompia to Perv, Gurana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. 10. Lycopodium taxifolium, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 31, excl. syn. LL. insulare, Carmich. et L. axillare, Roxb., et ii. p. 13; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. 1. p. 144; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647. Lycopodium passerinoides, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 41; Spring, Monogr. i. p. 53; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Lycopodium nitens, Ch. et Schl. in Linnza, v. p. 623; Spring, Monogr. i. p. 54; Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, p. 40. Lycopodium linifolium, Liebm. loc. cit. teste Fourn. SourH Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Lichmann : passerinoides), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2021: passerinoides), near Orizaba (Schaffner); Guatemata, Coban and Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin) ; Panama, Veraguas (Bridges).—CoLomB1a to Peru and BraziL, and in the Wrst InprEs ; also in Tropican Asia. Hb. Kew. LYCOPODIACEZ., 703 11. Lycopodium verticillatum, Linn.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 46, et ii. p. 21; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 647; Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, p. 39 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 145. Lycopodium acerosum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. iii. p. 1575 ; Fourn. loc. cit. (species propria). Lycopodium fontinaloides 8. mexicanum, Spring, Monogr. i. p. 49. Lycopodium tenue, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 8, non H.B.K. Soutn Mexico, region of Orizaba (Schaffner), Cordillera of Oaxaca 7000 feet ( Galeotti, _ 6600), around Mexico (Schmitz), Jalapa 4000 feet (Galeotti, 6612) ; GuatemaLa, Chilasco (Godman & Salvin) ; Panama, Veraguas (Bridges)—Wust Inpies to Peru and Braziu; also in Arrica and Ponyyesia. Hb. Kew. 2, PSILOTUM. Psilotum, Swartz ; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 268; K. Miller, in Bot. Zeit. 1856, p. 217. The forms of this genus are very numerous, but they are reducible to the following two species, the course taken by Baker in his unpublished Synopsis of the Lycopodiacee. Spring retains two flat forms as specifically distinct from P. complanatum, while Miiller unites the very different Tmesipteris with Psilotum under Willdenow’s name Bernhardia, and raises the number of species to sixteen including two of ZTmesipteris. The genus is very widely spread in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in maritime districts. Miiller records both a triquetrous and a complanate form from California, yet the genus is not included in Watson’s Botany of California. 1. Psilotum complanatum, Swartz ; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 271; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 648; K. Mill. in Bot. Zeit. 1856, p. 221; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 149; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. Exped. i. p. 258. Bernhardia complanata, Willd. ; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 261. Bernhardia schiedeana, B. ramulosa, B. zollingeri et B. californica, K. Mill. in Bot. Zeit. 1856, pp. 222 et 223. Soutn Mexico, Mirador (Linden, 75 ; Liebmann), Pedregal (Schmitz), Hacienda de la Laguna (Schiede).— Widely spread in TropicaL AMERICA, Asia, and POLYNESIA; also found in Norra Eastern AvstrALia, the SEYCHELLES, and Mapacascar, but hitherto not recorded from Africa. Hb. Kew. 2. Psilotum triquetrum, Linn.; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. i. p. 269; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 648; Chapm. Fl. Southern U.S. p. 601; Hemsl. Bot. Chall. Exped. ii. p. 838; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 149. Bernhardia floridana, B. mariana, B. antillarum, B. indica, B. nove-hollandie, B. deppeana et B. oahuensis, K. Mill. in Bot. Zeit. 1856, pp. 233-241. Bermupas, Fuoripa.—SoutH Mexico, Orizaba (Botteri, 1296; Galeotte, 6605 in part).—Tropical and subtropical regions in Asta, Arrica, AMERICA, AUSTRALIA, and Potynesia, including many remote islands. Hb. Kew. 704 SELAGINELLACEZ. Order CLXIV. SELAGINELLACE. As now limited to heterosporous genera this Order includes only Selaginella and Isoetes. We have seen no specimen of any species of the latter genus from within our limits, and no record of the occurrence of any; yet it is very probable that the genus is represented, for out of forty-six species enumerated by Baker (Journ. Bot. 1880), eleven, mostly endemic, inhabit North America, and some of them the countries bordering Mexico, from Texas to California. Further, one species is peculiar to Cuba _ and four or five to South America. 1. SELAGINELLA. Selaginella, Beauv. ; Spring in Regensb. Bot. Zeit. 1838, i. p. 148, et Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 52 ; J. G. Baker in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 1, et passim 1883, 1884 et 1885. Mr. Baker’s recently finished synopsis of the species of this genus in the ‘ Journal of Botany’ contains 312 species, respecting the general distribution of which he says:—“ The genus is concentrated in the tropical zone and has its head-quarters in Tropical America. Only two species extend their range into Europe, and the Cape; Temperate Australian and South Temperate American species are neither numerous nor remarkable. In the New World and the Old World the species are entirely different, with but one exception amongst the distichous-leaved tropical species, S. flabellata, and two of the multifarious- leaved species, S. rupestris and S. spinulosa, both of which are characteristically temperate types. It is very rarely that any of the tropical species is found in more than one of the three continents, but it will be seen that three out of the four subgenera and most of the subordinate groups are represented alike in America, Asia, and Africa.” In North America, north of Mexico, the species are few, but the genus is represented northward into the arctic regions by S. spinosa. The other species on the eastern side are S. rupestris and S. apus; on the western side are S. douglasit and S. oregona, the former reaching British territory and the latter peculiar to the region of its name; and S. lepidophylla and 8. californica occur in Lower California, the latter being endemic. The genus does not reach New Zealand nor Juan Fernandez, where, as stated under the order Lycopodiaceee, no Lycopodium is known to exist, which is a remarkable fact, considering the large number of ferns in this insular flora; and only two or three species extend as far south as Chili. 1. Selaginella apus, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 75 ex parte; Baker in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 112; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 147. Canapa to Texas.—Souta Mexico, Orizaba (Schaffner ex Fourn.). We include this on Fournier’s authority, who also records it from Peru and Brazil, thus taking the same view of the species as Spring. Whether the Mexican specimen belongs to the genuine S. apus we have no means of telling. Baker says of this species SELAGINELLACEA., 706 that it is interesting geographically as a representative in the temperate zone of a characteristically tropical group. 2. Selaginella binervis, Licbm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847: Bak. in Jour. Bot. 1884, p. 112. Selaginella moritziana, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148, non Spring. Selaginella sarmentosa, Liebm. non A. Braun, teste Fourn. Soutn Mexico, San Antonio, Huatusco (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. [Fournier refers a Mexican specimen collected by Liebmann to S. brasiliensis, a species only known to us from South Brazil.] 3. Selaginella chilensis, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 141; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 22. Lycopodium chilense, Willd. ; Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 79. Mexico (Henke ex Presl).—Prrv ; Cutt. Baker suggests that this may be conspecific with S. canaliculata, Bak., a species having a wide range in Tropical Asia and Polynesia. A, Selaginella convoluta, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 69; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 376. GuaTEMALA, Motagua valley (Godman & Salvin).—Cotomsra to Gutana and Brazit. Hb. Kew. Baker records this from Mexico, no doubt by mistake, as Guatemala seems to be its northern limit. 5. Selaginella cuspidata, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. p. 158; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 146; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 19; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189. Selaginella incana, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 157. Selaginella sulcangula, Spring, loc. cit. p. 163. Selaginella densifolia, S. pallescens, et S. reticulata, Klotzsch, teste Baker. ‘Lycopodium circinale, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622; Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 10. Nort Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila (Palmer, 1441), San Miguelito mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 934) ; Sour Mexico, Mirador (Liebmann) ; Guatemaa (Skinner) ; Nicaragua, Realejo (Sinclair) VENEZUELA; CoLomBia. Hb. Kew. 6. Selaginella diffusa, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 104; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 26. Lycopodium diffusum, Presl, Reliq. Henk. i. p. 78. Panama (Henke), near the city of Panama (Seemann, 31). Hb. Kew. 7. Selaginella erythropus, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 155; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 118. Lycopodium erythropus, Mart. Ic. Sel. Pl. Crypt. Bras. p. 39, t. 20. fig. 3. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Bot. Vol. IIL, February 1886. Ag 706 SELAGINELLACE. GUATEMALA, Yzabal and Sierra del Mica (Bernoulli & Cario, 164, 165; Bernoulli, 943), Yzabal (Salvin & Godman; Skinner : (3.major).—West Inpius to Cutt and Sours Brazit. Hb. Kew. 8. Selaginella eurynota, A. Braun in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 877; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 26. GUATEMALA, Coban (Tiirckheim), Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 33); Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hoffmann) ; Panama, Empire Station (S. Hayes, 228). Hb. Kew. 9. Selaginella exaltata, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 145; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 23. | Lycopodium exaltatum, Kunze, Syn. in Linnea, ix. p. 8. Panama, Obispo Falls (S. Hayes, 251). Southward to Peru. Hb. Kew. A climbing species, often, according to Poeppig, reaching a height of fifty or sixty feet. 10. Selaginella faucium, Liebm. ex Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 333. SovutH Mexico, Huitamalco and Hacienda de Jovo (Ivebmann). Hb. Kew. 11. Selaginella fendleri, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 334. Panama, Chagres (Fendler, 382). Hb. Kew. 12. Selaginella flabellata, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p.174; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 47. Selaginella undulata, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847 ; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. Selaginella subsplendens, Presl in Abhandl. Boehm. Ges. Wiss. iii. p. 582 ; Spring, loc. cit. p. 263 (species propria). Lycopodium flabellatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 1105. Lycopodium gracile, Desv. et L. microstachyum, Desv. ex Spring. Sour Mexico, Yecoatla (Liebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1655 bis), Chiapas &e. (Ghiesbreght, 606); Panama, Veraguas (Bridges).—TropicaL and SuBTROPICAL REGIONS of Asta, PotynestA, and America. Hb. Kew. Fournier refers Bourgeau’s 1655 bis to 9. stellata, Spring, which Baker treats as a variety of S. parkeri, Spring, a common species in the northern parts of South America. 13. Selaginella galeotti, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 220; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 297; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 147, cum var. B. Selaginella vexata, Liebm. teste Fourn. loc. cit. var. 8. Selaginella suavis, Klotzsch in Linnea, xviii. p. 521, non Spring. Lycopodium stoloniferum, Mart. et Gal. (non. Swartz), et L. fruticulosum, Mart. et Gal. (non Bory), Foug. Mex. pp. 11 et 12. Selaginella peppiyiana, B. mexicana, Spring, Monogr. p. 218, teste Baker. Lycopodium stoloniferum, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622, non Swartz. South Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1425, 1655, 2025), Colipa (Liebmann), Cordillera of Vera Cruz (Galeotti, 6606), Mirador (Linden, 85), Santa Maria, Tlapacoya (Liebmann); Guatemata, Coban (Godman & Salvin). Hb. Kew. SELAGINELLACEA. T07 Baker states that he does not think that Spring’s Panama and Bolivian plants referred here belong to this species. 14. Selaginella geniculata, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 227; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 121. Selaginella ferruminata, Spring, S. conduplicata, Spring, et S. tomentosa, Spring ex Bak. Lycopodium geniculatum, Presl, Relig. Hzenk. i. p. 80. Nicaragua, Chontales (Seemann, 234; Tate); Panama (Sinclair; Seemann), Chagres (Fendler, 383).—Southward to the Amazons VALLEY and Perv. Hb. Kew. 15. Selaginella guatemalensis, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 243. (Tab. CIX. B. figg. 47.) GuATEMALA, Choctum ( Godman & Salvin) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Tate). Hb. Kew. 16. Selaginella homaliz, A. Braun in ‘Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p- 398, in nota; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p- 212; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. SoutH Mexico, in the valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 2023).—Uprer AMAZONS. The Mexican locality is given on the authority of Fournier, as Bourgeau’s 2023 does not appear to be in the Kew Herbarium. 17. Selaginella incurvata, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 99. Selaginella vaginata, Liebm. teste Baker. SoutH Mexico, Hacienda de Santa Barbara, Vera Cruz (Iiebmann). Hb. Kew. 18. Selaginella lepidophylla, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 72; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 876; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189; Fourn. Mex. PI. Enum. i. p. 146. Lycopodium lepidophyllum, Hook, Ic. Pl. tt. 162, 168. Texas.—Nortu Mexico, Soledad, Coahuila, and Monterey, Nuevo Leon (Palmer, 1439, 1440), Escobrillos mountains, San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 935); Sourn Mexico, Cuernavaca (Schmitz). Southward to Perv. Hb. Kew. 19. Selaginella lindeni, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 118; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 84; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. SoutH Mexico, Teapa (Linden, 1592). Hb. Kew. 20. Selaginella lynchuchus, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 247; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 294. GuaTeMALA, Volcan de Fuego (Godman & Salvin, 109), Chilion near -Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 472).—VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. 21. Selaginella martensii, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 129; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 296; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 147. Selaginella peppigiana, Hook. Fil. Exot. t. 56, non Spring. Lycopodium flabellatum, Mart. et Gal. Foug. Mex. p. 11, non Linn. South Mexico, Sierra San Pedro Nolasco &c. (Jurgensen, 527), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1655, 2275), without locality (Graham). Hb. Kew. 4x2 708 SELAGINELLACEA. 22. Selaginella microphylla, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 88; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 83. Selaginella thujefolia, Spring in Mart. FI. Bras. i. p. 120. Lycopodium microphyllum, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1. p. 39. GUATEMALA, between Barbasco and Gualan (Bernoulli, 955).—Cotompia to Ecuapor and Braziu. Hb. Kew. 23. Selaginella nicaraguensis, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 333. (Tab. CIX. A. figg. 1-3.) Nicaraeua, around Granada (Lévy, 360). Hb. Kew. 24. Selaginella oaxacana, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 177; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 119; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 147. SoutH Mexico, Oaxaca (Galeotti, 6808 bis), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 602). Hb. Kew. 25. Selaginella pilifera, A. Braun in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1857, App. p. 20; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 876; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 146. TEexas.—NortH Mexico, region of San Luis Potosi (Parry & Palmer, 1008). Hb. Kew. 26. Selaginella porelloides, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p.97 ; Fée, Fil. Ant. p. 133, t. 34. fig. 3; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 373. Mexico (Schaffner ex Fée). West Inpizs. 27. Selaginella puberula, Klotzsch in Linnea, xviii. p. 522; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 165; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 117. GuaTEMALA, Mazatenango (Bernoulli, 38).—Prru; Guiana. Hb. Kew. 28. Selaginella pulcherrima, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 147; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 117. Souta Mexico, Hacienda de Jovo (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 29. Selaginella radiata, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 374. Selaginella increscentifolia, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 106. A. ciliata, A. Braun in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p. 359. Costa Rica, Aguacate (Hof‘mann).—CoLomB1A to Peru and Guiana. Hb. Kew. 30. Selaginella rhizophora, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1884, p. 244. PanaMA, near San Juan and Panama (Seemann, 29, 32). Hb. Kew. 31. Selaginella rupestris, Spring, in Fl. Bras. i. p- 118; Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 55; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 43; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 146; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad, xviii. p. 189; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 675. CanaDA southward through the Eastern States——Norta Mexico, mountains near San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 9383); Sourn Mexico, Tlacolola, Oaxaca (Andrieux, 47), Mirador (Liehmann), Guadalupe and Pedregal, valley of Mexico (Schmitz; Hahn, 248; SELAGINELLACEA. 709 Schaffner), Orizaba (Bourgeau, 2541). Norra and Sourn Temperate ZONES, and mountains within the Tropics in America and Asia. The most widely diffused species of the genus. Hb. Kew. 32. Selaginella saccharata, A. Braun in Tr. et Planch. Fl. Nov. Gran., Crypt. p- 356, in adnot.; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 142; Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. xviii. p. 189; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148, var. «. major et 8. minor. Selaginella sanguinolenta, Liebm., non Spring, et. S. spirillum, Liebm. ex Fourn. Norra Mexico, San Rafael mountains (Schaffner) ; Sourn Mexico, valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1426 bis), region of Orizaba (Bilimek, 484; Miiller, 737, 367), Dos Puentes and Misantla (Liebmann). Hb. Kew. 33, Selaginella schiedeana, A. Braun in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, xiii. p- 62; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 142. Selaginella fimbriata, Liebm. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1847, non Spring.: Selaginella liebmanni, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. Selaginella serpens, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 102, quoad plantam Mexicanam. Lycopodium serpens, Ch. et. Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622, non Desv. SourH Mexico, Colipa and Papantla (Liebmann), Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 603, 604). Hb. Kew. 34. Selaginella schizobasis, Bak. in. Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 333. SoutH Mexico, Chiapas &c. (Ghiesbreght, 605). Hb. Kew. 35. Selaginella sertata, Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. ii. p. 104; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 142. | Panama (Sinclair). Hb. Kew. 36. Selaginella stenophylla, A. Braun in Ann. Sc. Nat. série 4, xiii. p. 83; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 296. Selaginella lychnuchus, Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148, non Spring. Selaginella macroura, Liebm. ex Fourn. Soura Mexico, Misantla (Laebmann), valley of Cordova (Bourgeau, 1654, 2156). Hb. Kew. 37. Selaginella viticulosa, Klotzsch in Linnea, xviii. p. 524; Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 118. Panama, Santiago de Veraguas (Seemann, 28), Chagres (S¢nclair).—VENEZUELA. Hb. Kew. Order CLXV. RHIZOCARPES. Besides the following genera this Order contains only one other, namely, Pilularia, of which there are half a dozen species inhabiting Europe, North Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and North and South America. ‘There are two species in America, 710 RHIZOCARPEZ. both endemic, one of which has been found in Arkansas and Chili, and the other only in Bolivia; but being very obscure plants, they are doubtless often overlooked or neglected by collectors. The Order consists entirely of aquatic and subaquatic plants. 1, SALVINIA. Salvinia, Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen. (1729) p. 107, t. 58, ex Pfeiff. Nomencl. Bot. ii. p. 1030. A genus of about half a dozen species very widely spread in both hemispheres, though not known in America north of Mexico. 1. Salvinia auriculata, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. t. 367; Mart. Fl. Bras. i. p. 655, t. 81. figg. 9,10; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 143. Salvinia rotundifolia, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 587; Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 622. Salvinia hispida, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 44. Sovra Mexico, Tampico (ex Fournier) ; Nicaragua, in many localities near Granada (Lévy, 230).—Southward to Peru and Brazit, and in the West Inpizs. 2. AZOLLA. Azolla, Lam.; Strasburger, Ueber Azolla, p. 76. Four species spread over America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Besides the following there is one other species (A. filiculoides, Lam.) in America; and it is widely spread in South America, ranging from Colombia to Patagonia; it is also recorded by Stras- burger from California, though it is not included in Watson’s ‘ Botany of California.’ 1. Azolla caroliniana, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. p. 541; Mett. in Linnea, xx. p. 278, t. 3. fig. 9; Mart. Fl. Bras. i. p. 659, t. 82. figs. 1-6; Strasb. Azolla, p. 78, t. 7. figg, 112@ et 6; S. Wats. Bot. Calif. ii. p. 352; A. Gr. Man. Bot. Northern U.S. ed. 5, p. 678; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. Azolla mexicana, Ch. et Schl. in Linnea, v. p. 625. New York and Inunois to Texas and Catirornia.—Souta Mexico, Ingenio, Sierra de la Cruz (Miller, 136), between Serpillo and Estero (Schiede & Deppe), near Mexico (Bourgeau, 65).—CoLomBia to Guiana and Brazit, and in the West INDIES. 3. MARSILIA. Marsilia, Linn.; A. Braun in Monatsb. Konigl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Aug. 1870, p. 713. This genus is even more generally diffused than the foregoing, covering the same range and the southern half of Europe in addition, and it is much more numerous in species: Braun enumerates upwards of fifty. 1. Marsilia mexicana, A. Braun in Monatsb. 1870, p. 747; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 148. Souru Muxico, Jalisco (Beechey), Chapultepec (Schajfner). Hb. Kew. RHIZOCARPER. 711 2. Marsilia minuta, Fourn. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxvii. p. 329. Norta Mexico, around the city of San Luis Potosi (Schaffner, 90), With this, according to Fournier, Schaffner sent MV. brevipes, Nutt., which Braun refers to his MZ. mucronata. 3. Marsilia polycarpa, Hook. et Grev. Ic, Fil. t. 160; A. Braun in Monatsb. 1863, p. 417 et 1870, p. 722. Marsilia picta, Fée, 9° Mém. Foug. p. 47; Fourn. Mex. Pl. Enum. i. p. 143 (species propria). Souta Mexico, around Mexico (Hahn) ; Panama, between Nata and Anton (Seemann, 30), without locality (S. Hayes, 626).—Cusa to the ArGentiIne Repusiic and in Potynesia. Hb. Kew.