Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site July 1996 Disposal Area es i Monitoring System) ~S:..’ 7 ey DAMOS ~ yas DAiM O §S DISPOSAL AREA MONITORING SYSTEM Contribution 120 May 1998 US Army Corps of Engineers. -, New England District —_ = 7 a~y ry form approved OMB No. 0704-0188 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting concern for the collection of information is estimated to average | hour per response including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and measuring the data needed and correcting and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for information Observations and Records, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302 and to the Office of Management and Support, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, D.C. 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (LEAVE BLANK) — |2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED May 1998 FINAL REPORT 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE MONITORING CRUISE AT THE CENTRAL LONG ISLAND SOUND DISPOSAL SITE, JULY 1996 6. AUTHOR(S) JOHN T. MORRIS 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Science Applications International Corporation 221 Third Street Newport, RI 02840 8. PERFORMIGORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER SAIC No. 385 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) US Army Corps of Engineers-New England District 696 Virginia Rd Concord, MA 01742-2751 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Available from DAMOS Program Manager, Regulatory District USACE-NAE, 696 Virginia Rd, Concord MA 01742-2751 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER DAMOS Contribution #120 12a. DISTRIBUTION/A VAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT A monitoring survey was conducted at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site (CLIS) from 10 to 15 July 1996 as part of the Disposal Area Monitoring System (DAMOS) Program. Field operations were concentrated over the new CLIS 1995 disposal mound, as well as the historic New Haven 1993 (NHAV 93), CLIS 1994 (CLIS 94), and Mill-Quinnipiac River (MQR) mounds. The July 1996 field effort consisted of precision bathymetric and Remote Ecological Monitoring of the Seafloor (REMOTS®) surveys. These surveying techniques were employed to monitor the development of CLIS 95, as well as the stability, consolidation rates, and benthic recolonization of CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR capped mounds. The CLIS 95 mound is the newest bottom feature at the disposal site and is an example of a small, capped, dredged material disposal mound. An estimated barge volume of 16,300 m? of unacceptably contaminated dredged material (UDM) was deposited buoy, forming a small mound. The UDM deposit was then completely covered with 50,100 m? of capping dredged material (CDM). The results of the July 1996 field effort indicate the formation of a small, but distinct, bottom feature on the CLIS seafloor. This sediment mound was found to be 3.75 m high at the apex and approximately 200 m in diameter. REMOTS® photographs documented deep Redox Potential Discontinuity (RPD) depths, mature benthic infaunal populations, and high Organism-Sediment Index (OSI) values, indicating rapid recolonization of these sediments. The CLIS 94 mound, developed during the 1994-95 disposal season, is also an example of a capped mound. Approximately 129,000 m? of UDM and 161,000 m? of CDM were placed to form an irregular-shaped, moderate-sized disposal mound. A 0.25 m to 0.5 m decrease in mound height was discovered at the mound apex, while smaller cells of consolidation were detected over the broader southern region of the mound. The five REMOTS® stations occupied over the center of CLIS 94 displayed some improvement relative to the conditions found during the September 1995 survey. The NHAV 93 mound was developed during the 1993-94 disposal season as part of a large scale confined aquatic disposal (CAD) project. In 1993, approximately 590,000 m? of UDM dredged from the inner New Haven Harbor was deposited within the containment cell and capped to a thickness of 0.5 m to 1.0 m by 569,000 m? of CDM. A total of eight bathymetric and five REMOTS® sediment-profile photography surveys have been conducted over the NHAV 93 mound since September 1993. At 2.5 years after the completion of capping operations, the July 1996 survey has shown 0.25 m to 0.75 m of consolidation over the majority of the mound with little change in size or shape. The results of the REMOTS® sediment-profile photography survey indicate the benthic community is continuing to recover as expected. The MQR mound is a historic bottom feature formed along the southern boundary of CLIS. This capped sediment mound is actually composed of alternating layers of UDM and CDM deposited during the 1981-82, 1982-83, and 1993-94 disposal seasons. Approximately 65,000 m} of additional CDM was deposited over the MQR mound during the 1993-94 disposal season in response to anomalous REMOTS® sediment-profile photography results Depth difference calculations based on the July 1994 bathymetric data discovered small to moderate pockets of consolidation near the apex and southwestern flank of MQR. This consolidation over the surface of the MQR mound is apparently the result of de-watering of the underlying silts and clays, related to the loading that resulted from the recent deposition of CDM. Seasonal hypoxia (DO concentrations <3.0 mg:I') generally occurs within the western and central Long Island Sound regions in mid to late August. However, the onset and severity of seasonal hypoxia are directly dependent on many other environmental factors (i.e., nutrient input, frequency of storms, rainfall, fresh water input, water temperature, etc.). It appears that, by conducting benthic community assessment survey operations in early summer (mid-June to mid-July), before the development of hypoxia and the deterioration of benthic conditions, a more realistic perspective on the condition of the benthic environment can be gained. 14. SUBJECT TERMS Central Long Island Sound (CLIS) , Capping Dredged Material (CDM), Unacceptably Contaminated Dredged Material (UDM), New Haven Habor 15. NUMBER OF PAGE 16. PRICE CODE 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION |19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION |20. LIMITATION OF OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT 65 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified MBL/WHOI IM VM 0 0301 0038427 4 lI MONITORING CRUISE AT THE CENTRAL LONG ISLAND SOUND DISPOSAL SITE JULY 1996 CONTRIBUTION #120 MAY 1998 Report No. SAIC 385 Submitted to: Regulatory Branch New England District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 696 Virginia Road Concord, MA 01742-2751 Prepared by: John T. Morris Submitted by: Science Applications International Corporation Admiral's Gate 221 Third Street Newport, RI 02840 (401) 847-4210 US Army Corps of Engineers. New England District aes nde “i eae gel as a" e ; en F: “a we “Tt ea aah ns i ‘ 7 YY EE ene ened i" a | , | De whee . 7 ns a ayy | ), Cua eee | , eo ne en beg: We ! Kye Y Key y ii, Pg “}) OP Pa): ORE. a LAT i } tS: i hel P rt hy a . Li ) » bY hii ? i Hi hia | E ae, ‘obedil 7 ‘| yee gy eh Meee sal eta | F TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TAISIMOR BIG WIRES sie cre. pry sated tere tar iatsabn ctabicinNeine a amiosa shane otiecermsofeeaclel ciara seenaneee amie ae iV FEY ] SII Ey SU IMA 628 cca seco co corse cists ctteteinsra ino d ea cto ais eibieceets ete clnvoine leer aupio ac etn meee te eiciae Vili IROMEIN TRO DUGTION si 008) 2 ook BO FR cle Sas de iets NN ae ee 3 ae ate hem eed acer: Ue 1 Healy BACK OTOUNG 310 aoe sae dosed sancacensne hoes yacigtsee aslaicnnie cee soch eseetenernieisas 1 TBC) bl ISSO SEE AR ah UO nanan on eee ee ean cater aE eOE ocr aan ee ae ae 4 1S Ryn CIPIGHOA WIS SRM) caine esa lis Sieh ai ae naseaud eave an nee re peace ham tee abe imam ayeeeee 4 Nae NET A VEO 3 Fo occ wate ae Sattcartad cre aheeiaa ce ieee uate it GAe ORNS es SS Re aes crue 6 HSH ae MI@RMiouind rete yeu et Saco Rte rene SSR Pawn Ne Stones Becintaa EHOW Crna alpen e 6 1e6r 7 CIEISpReference Areas iniweciac. cosine, Pe ate et Mo Nee oretsit ovine Saiestiet bsnl sie 7 eas) Objectives andl Predictiomsi sc’ Sass ed oc, soe tee cette secede Onto e mec let se cersiccisct 7 PMU MIR TEL OT) S36 cere eves sees ara ata ceva vcs eee crase ett eeretelad nt aretha eta hata a one re eee ae 9 Dales, SWIV CY ARCA iy Hla btreaa clon o etsenne tsktgaadins ens neve ttsctinhs Melnegyitsistale va.tihe <'inanis oaalataeel 9 RD NAN AG ALLO oe fectelsccoceesoa eat tar lass star Blais elas wii aicie ie aha era steiaous Sues Shinio eselsicteeie sive Sette 9 23), Bathymetric Data: Collection/and) Processing). 0-225 .2.5.-6...:4.- 022. 22ee ese Uh 2.4 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography ..................cecceceeeeeeeeneeeees 13 ROME S WIE TES Rain erate Ns, teecisicniaa nee untae Reade ernie ec oee cacNeasu tials oman teaie ne eeioeeemi gee 14 Se CIEIS O5SMOUT ee ort ectieicc nace oe aie cisuecie cee cm cuaiene cetera sree ie 14 SAV be Bath yMethy ec .ecrs rane. swcecte cco atte cites arceis tn aractclewekceie soe Sajelaine tam envarse 14 3.1.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography ....................:eeeeeee ees 20 3.1.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy ....................... 20 3.1.2.2 Benthic Community Assessment........................:0 2s 20 Bet) MEOMTSCOAIMIOUN arate note oo neeecue decree eee soe cotenco sean eee te gmenioce teenie 23 Seo rallye tyre ec crak ree ete etre cas eeietaos set Reeee epntinnas cate tran caealenias 23 3.2.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography .......................2..2000 23 3.2.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy ....................... 23 3.2.22), Benthic Community Assessment)... .-22-4snssc sees ese 30 Sesh on NIA C93) MOURC stecaies menos che smacicer as vob cr cata caitie Sratindeecseaeisen seca 30 SPS Ple AB Athy ty ved ton eee ah ce tities pm ee erates eee ararttama stateless ats istelae ctsioiay 30 3.3.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography .........................20000 36 3.3.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy ........::............. 36 314)2-2.) Benthic Community ASsessment.ja..csi ee seen ee ss celeste 40 Seay MORIMouUTG: 578 Birk tees Soca. cr menatometat teat Wet Maisto me are wicieielacclnige aa areatsies 40 See GE SHRELEREMCE AT AS yay eres crise ere olen state lattorerai etsy ave ectls esse severe arapeiereaemesioes ster 45 325.0 Sediment Grain’Size and Stratigraphy) -o cence... see eaisae ce emse s 45 Bet) Benthic Community, ASSeESSMeMter esses tessa ene i elescrciere siecle 45 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page AiO: )) SDISCUSSTON ieee) scutes Seats dusted unc Hactara rere aa calc Oa ete ere ae ERE Oe OEE OEE Ree ERE 47 41) Seasonal Hypoxia: ohcccisecdescicce coeds ane ce ceemecs moe aetna eee eee eee ee COE ne 47 4:2. Benthic Habitat! Conditions 2.2.25. cnseee eee eee teen nen ee Ce eeeeeeeeere 50 4:37" CIS Reference ‘Areas! : sn vec inven ecetee ec coneces eee ee ene eee eer 54 4.4 Disposal Site Management, Mound Stabilization, and Consolidation ........ 56 520) ICONGR USIONG sci 5 aii neone bs oa eiteciie cee os are eC ap eterna cee ener 61 6.0. (REFERENCES 0. oi5 de 08; as nscised healed on chard od aaa eteatee Seveee eee eRe ee eee ere 64 INDEX APPENDICES il Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2. Figure 1-3. Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Figure 3-1. Figure 3-2. Figure 3-3. Figure 3-4. Figure 3-5. LIST OF FIGURES Location of disposal sites along coastal New England (A) and average annual dredged material disposal volumes for the ten New England disposalisitesfromvl982) to 1996 GB) mw aaseseec tess eee eeetcer sceties ae Location of the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site and shore StATIONUDENCIIMARKS Ree sees et eee ce a ere ne eye oe Bathymetric chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m survey area over CLIS with plotted DAMOS disposal buoy positions for the 1993-94, 1994- 95, and 1995-96 disposal seasons relative to the northern disposal site boundary” 05m contour interval ir. ete sass cate neens hee nessa na ae Chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m bathymetric survey area and REMOTSS stations (A) relative to the Central Long Island Sound Disposal-Site/boundariesi.).e. sna tts chosen. SeettieG lancumsetac sensrssiecsses Comparison of the two types of tidal data collected for the July 1996 bathymetric!sunveyralCLISieocc.ceeses sone acancmae nto seateas lease con: Bathymetric chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m survey area relative to the northern disposal site boundary, 0.25 m contour interval.................. Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area around the CLIS 95 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval....................... Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area around the CLIS 95 mound, July 1994, 0.25 m contour interval....................... Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. the July 1994 data, OVD SMe CONTOUR AINE eval eee ee ere ae ee ey Re cient areas Distribution of reported barge release positions (UDM and CDM) over the detectable margins of the CLIS 95 mound......................... Page Figure 3-6. Figure 3-7. Figure 3-8. Figure 3-9. Figure 3-10. Figure 3-11. Figure 3-12. Figure 3-13. Figure 3-14. Figure 3-15. LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Page Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of fresh dredged material detected by depth difference calculations (see Figure 3-4) as well as replicate-averaged RPD and OSl-values from:1996 REMOTS® survey e002 eae eee eee eee REMOTS® photographs collected over Stations 300W and CTR of the CLIS 95 mound providing examples of Stage I benthic recolonization Statuscversus Stace TM ii. oaks teen skoce ase te eet eee enc seen ee sree cen nee Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval.......................024. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, September 1995, 0.25 m contour interval................... Bathymetric chart showing pockets of apparent consolidation over the CLIS 94 mound since September 1995, 0.25 m contour interval ............. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, July 1994 baseline, 0.25 m contour interval ................ Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. the July 1994 data showing the current status of the CLIS 94 mound, 0.25 m contour TiS) AYE) Bon Ae enn ernment Annee neO i Anan ver eRean Ate elone ae soudtna Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of detectable dredged material (see Figure 3-12) as well as replicate-averaged RPD and OSI values from 1996 REMOTS® survey ..... REMOTS® photographs at Stations CTR and 100E comparing the level of oxidation (RPD depth) in the surface sediments over the CLIS (07 yao} 106 IRE eS eel ee. Grrr ReU en oh noMoRCesUE ao cee aadoane tua nannies canner Moaauna oa: Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m x 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval......................0+: Figure 3-16. Figure 3-17. Figure 3-18. Figure 3-19. Figure 3-20. Figure 3-21. Figure 3-22. Figure 3-23. Figure 3-24. Figure 4-1. LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m x 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, March 1993 postcap survey, 0.25 m contour ITEC TVicl] Baer nse yee ee vem ele tei tect e ea eae aioe cle etc ee sree ae oe Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. March 1994 data showing consolidation over the NHAV 93 mound since cap COMPSON: Haas sree eas otis uaa aise eae a oaMee wet emene anes Shae Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m x 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, September 1993 baseline, 0.25 m contour interval Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. the September 1993 data showing the current status of the NHAV 93 mound, 0.25 m COMUOUAMTTER Vale ate ae ye ace Penn ee er etn RUT NETO, SNe Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m x 1600 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of dredged material detected by depth difference calculations (see Figure 3-16) as well as replicate-averaged RPD and OSI values fromelO9OUREMOMTS2/SULVeynss cater asec esee eee cctek bance eee een eee REMOTS® photographs at Station 200N comparing the level of oxidation and overall appearance of the surface sediments in 1995 Page (recovery from hypoxia) versus 1996 (declining conditions) .................. 41 Bathymetric chart of the 700 m x 500 m analysis area over the MQR mound: July1996%0525 im contour mtervall yy sess essere tesa ey: 42 Bathymetric chart of the 700 m x 500 m analysis area over the MQR mound: July*1994""0.25'm contour imtervall. 7... sess se eens eee eee 43 Bathymetric chart showing pockets of apparent consolidation over the MQR mound since July 1994, 0.25 m contour interval ........................ 44 Position of the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Dissolved Oxygen Sampling Stations and bottom DO trends at summer monitoring stations 23, 26, and 27 for 1995 and 1996............... 48 Figure 4-2. Figure 4-3. Figure 4-4. Figure 4-5. Figure 4-6. LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Observed changes in bottom DO concentrations at Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Dissolved Oxygen sampling stations: H27and H4 for 1995 and Wl99G. a sensseeee eben aee eee ee REMOTS® photographs comparing the benthic conditions at Station 200N over three years of environmental monitoring surveys............ REMOTS® photographs displaying differences in the benthic conditions within two replicate photographs over CLIS-REF Station 9 REMOTS® photographs comparing the benthic conditions at, and displaying recovery over, Reference Area 2500W .....................06. Bathymetric chart of the July 1996 2100 m x 2100 m survey area overlaid with suggested points for future disposal, 0.25 m contour TNL) Gig) eee eee oer ere nnn Meee RCE RAME eee ocRM anc Nana GORReE Uo oues aban anda VIL Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) conducted a monitoring survey at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site (CLIS) from 10 to 15 July 1996 aboard the M/V Beavertail as part of the Disposal Area Monitoring System (DAMOS) Program. Field operations were concentrated over the new CLIS 1995 disposal mound, as well as the historic New Haven 1993 (NHAV 93), CLIS 1994 (CLIS 94), and Mill- Quinnipiac River (MQR) mounds. The July 1996 field effort consisted of precision bathymetric and Remote Ecological Monitoring of the Seafloor (REMOTS®) surveys. These surveying techniques were employed to monitor the development of CLIS 95, as well as the stability, consolidation rates, and benthic recolonization of CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR capped mounds. The CLIS 95 mound is the newest bottom feature at the disposal site and is an example of a small, capped, dredged material disposal mound. In September 1995, the CDA buoy was deployed at 41°08.660' N, 72°53.042' W (NAD 27) approximately 450 m southwest of the historic NHAV 74 mound apex. An estimated barge volume of 16,300 m3 of unacceptably contaminated dredged material (UDM) was removed from Milford and Bridgeport Harbors and deposited in close proximity to the CDA 95 buoy, forming a small mound. The UDM deposit was then completely covered with 50,100 m? of capping dredged material (CDM) generated from dredging projects in the West River and Bridgeport Harbor to yield a CDM to UDM ratio of 3.1:1.0. The results of the July 1996 field effort indicate the formation of a small, but distinct, bottom feature on the CLIS seafloor. This discrete sediment mound was found to be 3.75 m high at the apex and approximately 200 m in diameter. The CLIS 95 mound has taken on a slightly irregular shape due to the slope of the bottom as well as the distribution of capping material. REMOTS® photographs obtained over CLIS 95 documented deep Redox Potential Discontinuity (RPD) depths, mature benthic infaunal populations, and high Organism-Sediment Index (OSI) values, indicating rapid recolonization of these sediments. No bathymetric data documenting the interim stages of development were available. However, the compact nature of the deposit, the reported barge release positions, the CDM to UDM ratio, and the results of the REMOTS® sediment-profile photography survey over CLIS 95 suggest the UDM deposit has been completely capped. Continued monitoring of the CLIS 95 mound is recommended for the next one to two years to document consolidation and detect changes in benthic community structure. Vill EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (continued) The CLIS 94 mound, developed during the 1994-95 disposal season, is also an example of a capped mound. Approximately 129,000 m3 of UDM and 161,000 m? of CDM were placed at the CDA 94 buoy to form an irregular-shaped, moderate-sized disposal mound 630 m northeast of the NHAV 93 mound apex. Field operations over this bottom feature were conducted to observe changes in bathymetry due to consolidation, as well as to confirm the continued stability of the benthic infaunal community. Depth difference calculations indicated the presence of several pockets of consolidation over the surface of the CLIS 94 mound. A 0.25 m to 0.5 m decrease in mound height was discovered at the mound apex, while smaller cells of consolidation were detected over the broader southern region of the mound. The five REMOTS® stations occupied over the center of CLIS 94 displayed some improvement relative to the conditions found during the September 1995 survey. A healthy Stage I on III benthic assemblage and deeper RPD depths over the center of CLIS 94 indicate higher dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and continued benthic recovery. The NHAV 93 mound was developed during the 1993-94 disposal season as part of a large scale confined aquatic disposal (CAD) project. The management strategy of controlling the deposition of small to moderate volumes of dredged material over a ten- year period resulted in the formation of a ring of disposal mounds on the CLIS seafloor. Upon completion in 1992, this network of disposal mounds formed an artificial containment cell capable of accepting large volumes of UDM, limiting the lateral spread of the deposit, and facilitating efficient capping operations. In 1993, approximately 590,000 m3 of UDM dredged from the inner New Haven Harbor was deposited within the containment cell and capped to a thickness of 0.5 m to 1.0 m by 569,000 m3 of CDM. SAIC has conducted a total of eight bathymetric and five REMOTS® sediment- profile photography surveys over the NHAV 93 mound since September 1993. This latest field effort adds to the comprehensive time-series data set that currently exists for the 2.56 km? area of CLIS seafloor. At 2.5 years after the completion of capping operations, the July 1996 survey has shown 0.25 m to 0.75 m of consolidation over the majority of the mound with little change in size or shape. The results of the REMOTS® sediment-profile photography survey indicate the benthic community is continuing to recover as expected. The MQR mound is a historic bottom feature formed along the southern boundary of CLIS. This capped sediment mound is actually composed of alternating layers of UDM and CDM deposited during the 1981-82, 1982-83, and 1993-94 disposal seasons. Approximately 65,000 m3 of additional CDM was deposited over the MQR mound during the 1993-94 disposal season in response to anomalous REMOTS® sediment-profile 1x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (continued) photography results. A survey conducted in July 1994 detected a 1.5 m increase in mound height, a change in the position of the mound apex, and an improved benthic community structure, resulting from the deposition of additional CDM. The boundaries of the 2100 m x 2100 m July 1996 bathymetric survey at CLIS incorporated approximately 75% of the historic MQR mound. Depth difference calculations based on the July 1994 bathymetric data discovered small to moderate pockets of consolidation near the apex and southwestern flank of MQR. This consolidation over the surface of the MQR mound is apparently the result of de-watering of the underlying silts and clays, related to the loading that resulted from the recent deposition of CDM. The sediment-profile photographs collected over the CLIS project mounds and reference areas provided a wealth of information pertaining to the physical, biological, and chemical status of the surficial sediment layers. Data pertaining to the physical appearance of the material displayed no evidence of particle re-suspension or erosion at the sediment- water interface. The detection of Stage III activity was widespread indicating the presence of a stable benthic community population over the majority of the stations sampled. Although increased sediment oxygen demand may have affected the results obtained from a few stations, the benthic conditions detected during the July 1996 REMOTS® sediment- profile photography survey show distinct improvement relative to September 1995. Comparisons between REMOTS® images collected over the disposal mounds and CLIS reference areas (2500W, 4500E, and CLIS-REF) show significant increases in RPD depths, resulting in higher OSI values. In 1995, a trend of shallower than expected RPD depths and indications of low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations was observed due to the development of hypoxic conditions across the region. The 1996 Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CTDEP), Bureau of Water Management water quality data set was used to evaluate and compare the onset and severity of seasonal hypoxia in the bottom waters of Long Island Sound relative to 1995. Seasonal hypoxia (DO concentrations <3.0 mg-I') generally occurs within the western and central Long Island Sound regions in mid to late August. However, the onset and severity of seasonal hypoxia are directly dependent on many other environmental factors (i.e., nutrient input, frequency of storms, rainfall, fresh water input, water temperature, etc.). It appears that, by conducting benthic community assessment survey operations in early summer (mid-June to mid-July), before the development of hypoxia and the deterioration of benthic conditions, a more realistic perspective on the condition of the benthic environment can be gained. — ever a yt | A hi ae | o pa cia \ Me } VD An ae Yeo a 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background The New England District (NAE) of the US Army Corps of Engineers regulates all coastal dredging operations from Eastport, Maine, to Byram, Connecticut. In 1977, the Disposal Area Monitoring System (DAMOS) Program was developed in response to the recognized need for the managed disposal of the volumes of sediments dredged from the ports and harbors of the northeastern United States. The DAMOS Program currently manages ten closely monitored open water disposal sites along coastal New England (Figure 1-1A). These sites are utilized for the cost-effective and environmentally sound disposal of dredged material. The Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site (CLIS) is one of four DAMOS disposal sites located in the waters of Long Island Sound. CLIS covers a 6.86 km? (2 nmi?) area and is centered at 41°08.900' N latitude and 72°52.850' W iongitude in North American Datum of 1927 (NAD 27; Morris 1996). It is located approximately 10.89 km (5.6 nmi) south of South End Point, East Haven, Connecticut (Figure 1-2). Historically, CLIS has been one of the most active disposal sites in the New England region (Figure 1-1B). Sediments deposited at CLIS have been dredged from New Haven, Bridgeport, Stamford, and Norwalk Harbors, as well as adjacent coastal areas. Before dredging operations commence, the proposed project sediments are sampled and tested to determine their physical and chemical properties. Sediments originating from most of coastal New England are classified as suitable for unconfined open water disposal due to low or undetectable contaminant levels. This material may be deposited at CLIS or other New England disposal sites, used as capping dredged material (CDM), or utilized in other beneficial use projects. The sediments dredged from industrialized areas tend to contain a variety of contaminants associated with urbanization (i.e., trace metals, organic compounds, etc.; NOAA 1991). Some of these sediments may be determined to be unsuitable for unconfined open water disposal, but with special handling can be placed at disposal sites. Sediments that require special handling for open water disposal are classified as unacceptably contaminated dredged material (UDM; Fredette 1994). During the 1978-79 disposal season at CLIS, subaqueous capping was introduced as a new dredged material management approach with the formation of the Stamford-New Haven mounds (STNH-N and STNH-S; SAI 1979). Capping is a containment method which uses sediments determined to be suitable for unconfined open water disposal, or CDM, to overlay and isolate deposits of UDM from the environment. As a result of the Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 NEWENGLAND > DISPOSAL SITES ¢ iy A pre we Gan Rockland _ “Portland ih Wcape Arundel ~ +~—massachusetts Bay ee Cod Bay oS uzzards Bay New London Island Sound Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site 450,000 + 400,000 - 350,000 + 300,000 + 250,000 - 200,000 + 150,000 - 100,000 - 50,000 - 0 CUBIC YARDS PER YEAR no a) co = DISPOSAL SITE Figure 1-1. Location of disposal sites along coastal New England (A) and average annual dredged material disposal volumes for the ten New England disposal sites from 1982 to 1996 (B) Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 Central Long Island Sound, Connecticut WEST HAVEN eo EAST HAVEN Coe RS eS) or SOUTH END POINT MILFORD Stratford Pt. Light STRATFORD Central Long Island Sound LONG ISLAND SOUND Disposal Site mn Figure 1-2. Location of the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site and shore station benchmarks Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 4 operational success of the 1979 capping project, many capped mounds have been developed over the CLIS seafloor. Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) conducted a monitoring survey at CLIS from 10 to 15 July 1996 as part of the DAMOS Program. The field efforts were concentrated over the newly completed CLIS 1995 mound, as well as three historic capped mounds, CLIS 1994 (CLIS 94), New Haven 1993 (NHAV 93), and Mill- Quinnipiac River (MQR). The July 1996 field operations consisted of precision bathymetric and Remote Ecological Monitoring of the Seafloor (REMOTS®) surveys. 1.2 CLIS 95 The CLIS 95 mound is the newest bottom feature at the disposal site and is an example of a small, capped mound. In September 1995, the CDA buoy was deployed at 41°08.660' N, 72°53.042' W (NAD 27) approximately 450 m southwest of the historic NHAV 74 mound apex (Figure 1-3). An estimated barge volume of 16,300 m? of UDM dredged from Milford and Bridgeport Harbors was deposited in close proximity to the CDA 95 buoy, forming a small mound. Capping operations commenced on 30 October 1995 and continued through 4 March 1996. A total of 50,100 m? of CDM generated from dredging projects in the West River and Bridgeport Harbor was used to completely isolate the UDM deposit. The end result was a small, stable, completely capped mound yielding a CDM to UDM ratio of SHE O: 1.3 CLIS 94 The CLIS 94 mound is another capped mound developed on the CLIS seafloor during the 1994-95 disposal season. A disposal buoy (CDA 94) was positioned in close proximity to the small, historic CS-90-1 mound and received approximately 129,000 m3 of UDM dredged from Norwalk and New Haven Harbors. The UDM deposit was then capped with a total of 161,000 m? of CDM from West River, Stony Creek, and Pine Orchard Marine Terminal. The resulting bottom feature was found to be an irregular- shaped, moderate-sized disposal mound, 630 m northeast of the historic NHAV 93 mound apex (Figure 1-3; Morris 1997). Furthermore, the sediments forming the CLIS 94 mound completely enveloped the historic CS-90-1 mound. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 July 1996 Bathymetry Recent DAMOS Disposal Buoy Positions 41° 09.500" N ee ( 2) REE) zi ey % Disposal Site Boundary 3 _ = : 7 = ~ : ) CDA 94 ‘18.50, aay , < acon 94-2 ( 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N 41° 08.750° N 41° 08.500° N 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.500° W 72° 53.000° W CLIS 2100 m x 2100 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 i == —i‘ Om 400 m Figure 1-3. Bathymetric chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m survey area over CLIS with plotted DAMOS disposal buoy positions for the 1993-94, 1994-95, and 1995- 96 disposal seasons relative to the northern disposal site boundary, 0.5 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 6 14 NHAV 93 The NHAV 93 mound was developed during the 1993-94 disposal season as part of a large scale confined aquatic disposal (CAD) project. The management strategy of controlling the deposition of small to moderate volumes of dredged material over a ten- year period resulted in the formation of a ring of disposal mounds on the CLIS seafloor. Upon completion in 1992, this network of disposal mounds formed an artificial containment cell capable of accepting large volumes of UDM, limiting the lateral spread of the deposit, and facilitating efficient capping operations. In 1993, approximately 590,000 m3 of UDM dredged from the inner New Haven Harbor was deposited within the containment cell and capped to a thickness of 0.5 m to 1.0 m by 569,000 m? of CDM (Morris et al. 1996). The completed CAD mound was found to be broad, stable, adequately capped, and exhibiting a CDM to UDM ratio of 0.96:1.0. In the past, CDM to UDM ratios have varied from 2:1 to 6:1 when initiating a capping operation on a flat or gently sloping area of seafloor. This highly successful strategy resulted in the formation of the first capped mound composed of a smaller volume of CDM than the initial UDM deposit. In addition, the completed NHAV 93 mound formed a distinct, broad, and flat mound complex as the project sediments merged with the seven perimeter mounds (Morris and Tufts 1997). The development of the CLIS 94 and CLIS 95 mounds represents the continuation of this successful management strategy. By constructing networks of disposal mounds with small to moderate volumes of dredged material, numerous artificial containment cells will be formed, and the overall site capacity can be maximized (Morris et al. 1996). The development of the CLIS 94 mound begins to close a second containment cell northeast of the NHAV 93 mound complex. The formation of the CLIS 95 mound southwest of the historic NHAV 74 mound initiates the formation of a third artificial containment structure to the southeast of the NHAV 93 mound complex. 1.5 MQR Mound The MQR mound is an historic, discrete, capped mound composed of alternating layers of UDM and CDM deposited during the 1981-82, 1982-83, and 1993-94 disposal seasons. In the spring of 1982, an estimated barge volume of 42,000 m? of UDM was dredged from the Mill River and placed on a relatively flat area of CLIS seafloor. The UDM deposit was quickly capped with approximately 133,200 m3 of CDM removed from the Quinnipiac River. During the 1982-83 disposal season, an additional 67,000 m3 of UDM from Black Rock Harbor was released over the MQR mound followed by 400,000 m3 of CDM originating from New Haven Harbor (SAIC 1995). Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 A sediment cap of 400,000 m? was expected to fully cover the original MQR mound, as well as the deposit of UDM originating from Black Rock Harbor. However, complications in the disposal sequence during the 1982-83 disposal season caused two barge loads of Black Rock Harbor UDM to be placed over the final CDM deposit, resulting in a thin layer of UDM exposed at the sediment-water interface. From 1983 to 1992, the MQR mound had shown cycles of benthic habitat decline and slow recovery, relative to other capped mounds at CLIS (Murray 1996). In response to the unexpected benthic conditions, supplemental capping material was deposited over the MQR mound during the 1993-94 disposal season. An additional 65,000 m3 of CDM generated by several small dredging projects along the Connecticut coast was deposited at the CDA 93 buoy position (Figure 1-3; Morris and Tufts 1997). The supplemental CDM collected over the center of MQR increased the mound height by 1.5 m and improved benthic conditions. 1.6 CLIS Reference Areas As part of the DAMOS monitoring protocols, reference area data are collected to provide a baseline against which the results from the dredged material mounds are compared. These areas are utilized due to their reflection of ambient conditions within the central Long Island Sound region. On occasion, indications of natural (hypoxia) or anthropogenic (trawling activity) disturbances are found within the confines of a CLIS reference area. During the July 1996 survey, one replicate photograph collected over CLIS-REF documented the presence of a limited quantity of dark, organically enriched sediment within a 300 m radius of the central reference point. CLIS-REF has been used for comparison with CLIS sediments since the inception of the DAMOS Program in 1977. Due to the long history of use as a CLIS reference area, this disturbance warranted considerable investigation. 1.7. Objectives and Predictions The specific objectives of the July 1996 Central Long Island Sound seasonal monitoring cruise were to e conduct a bathymetric survey capable of delineating the footprint of the new CLIS 95 mound while examining any topographic changes of the CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR mounds; and Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 ® assess the benthic recolonization status over the entire CLIS 95 mound, as well as the centers of the CLIS 94 and NHAV 93 mounds, relative to three reference areas surrounding CLIS. The July 1996 field effort tested the following predictions: e The dredged material deposited during the 1995-96 disposal season will result in a small disposal mound, conical in shape and completely capped. e The sediments of the CLIS 95 mound are expected to be supporting a solid Stage I population with some progression into Stage II assemblages as predicted by the DAMOS tiered monitoring protocols. e The surface sediments of the NHAV 93 and CLIS 94 mounds should be supporting mature benthic assemblages with Stage I, II, and III individuals present in relative abundance. e Benthic conditions over the disposal mounds and reference areas are expected to show improvement relative to those detected during the September 1995 survey. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 2.0 METHODS 2.1 Survey Area In order to fulfill the objectives of the 1996 CLIS monitoring survey, a bathymetric survey area was defined to examine the CLIS 95, CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR mounds. The July 1996 bathymetric survey over CLIS occupied a 2100 m x 2100 m area, centered at 41°08.990' N, 72°53.272' W (NAD 27). A total of 85 survey lanes at 25 m lane spacing were required to delineate the topography of the four disposal mounds of interest (Figure 2-1). Detailed bathymetric charts were generated for the 4.41 km? survey area as well as four areas of concentrated analysis to accurately quantify mound height, lateral spread of dredged material, consolidation, and position relative to other disposal mounds. 2.2 Navigation In an effort to provide strong comparisons with historic data sets, bathymetric data were collected with the use of SAIC's Integrated Navigation and Data Acquisition System (INDAS). This system utilizes a Hewlett-Packard 9920® series computer to provide real- time navigation, as well as collect position, depth, and time data for later analysis. A Del Norte Trisponder® System provided positioning data to an accuracy of +3 m in the horizontal control NAD 27. Shore stations were established along the Connecticut coast at the known benchmarks of Stratford Point (41°09.112' N, 72°06.227' W) and Lighthouse Point (41°14.931' N, 72°54.255' W) (Figure 1-2). A detailed description of the navigation system and its operation can be found in the DAMOS Navigation and Bathymetry Reference Report (Murray and Selvitelli 1996). In order to maximize the efficiency of survey operations at CLIS, differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) data in conjunction with SAIC's Portable Integrated Navigation and Survey System (PINSS) were used to position the survey vessel over the July 1996 REMOTS® camera stations. A Magnavox 4200D GPS receiver and a Magnavox MXS5OR differential beacon receiver provided DGPS positioning data to PINSS in the horizontal control of North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) to an accuracy of +5 m. The Coast Guard differential beacon broadcasting from Montauk Point, Long Island, New York, (293 kHz) was utilized for satellite corrections due to its geographic position relative to CLIS. The target REMOTS® station locations were calculated in NAD 27, then converted to NAD 83 for real-time navigation with the use of the US Army Topographic Engineering Center's CORPSCON version 3.01. The actual positions of the REMOTS® replicate Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 10 1996 Sampling Grids 41° 09.500’ N SO 00E 2500W AN Ne A 41° 09.000 N- 2100 m X 2100 m Bathymetric Survey Grid 41° 08.500" N- Disposal Site Boundary CLISREF A 41° 08.000" | Sao Sarat See all an LET 72° 55.000. W 72° 54.000°W 72°53.000°W 72°52.000°W 72°51.000° W 72° 50.000° W CLIS NAD 27 EZ 0km 1.0 km 2.0 km Figure 2-1. Chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m bathymetric survey area and REMOTS® stations (4) relative to the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site boundaries Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 Il photographs were later reconverted to NAD 27 with CORPSCON for DAMOS database entry and reporting within this document. 2.3. Bathymetric Data Collection and Processing An ODOM DF3200 Echotrac® Survey Fathometer with a narrow beam 208 kHz transducer measured individual depths to a resolution of 3.0 cm (0.1 ft.) as described in the DAMOS Navigation and Bathymetry Reference Report (Murray and Selvitelli 1996). Depth values transmitted to INDAS were adjusted for transducer depth. The acoustic returns of the fathometer can reliably detect changes in depth of 20 cm or greater due to the accumulation of errors introduced by the positioning system, vertical motion of the survey vessel, changes in sound velocity through the water column, the slope of the bottom, and tidal corrections. Observed tidal data were obtained through the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Ocean and Lake Levels Division's (OLLD) National Water Level Observation Network. This network is composed of 181 water level stations that are located throughout the Great Lakes and coastal regions of United States interest. These stations are equipped with the Next Generation Water Level Measurement System tide gauges and satellite transmitters that have collected and transmitted tide data to the central NOAA facility every six minutes, since 1 January 1994. Observed tide data are available 1 to 6 hours from the time of collection in a station datum or referenced to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) and based on Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For the 1996 CLIS survey, data from NOAA tide station 8467150 in Bridgeport Harbor, Bridgeport, CT, was used for tidal calculations. The NOAA 6- minute tide data was downloaded in the MLLW datum, corrected to local time, and tidal differences based on the entrance to New Haven Harbor, New Haven, CT, were applied. During the bathymetric survey, a Seabird Instruments, Inc. SBE 26-03 Sea Gauge wave and tide recorder was used to collect tidal data on-site. The tide gauge, deployed in the survey area, recorded pressure values every six minutes. After conversion, the pressure readings provided a constant record of tidal variations in the survey area. These observed tidal data were later used to compare and verify the corrected NOAA data generated from the Bridgeport Harbor station (Figure 2-2). A Seabird Instruments, Inc. SEACAT SBE 19-01 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth (CTD) probe was used to obtain sound velocity measurements at the start, midpoint, and end of each survey day. The data collected by the CTD probe were bin-averaged to 1 meter depth intervals to account for any pycnoclines, rapid changes in density that create Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 12 tidal” Comparison CLIS Survey July 1996 E p co n -d wu fo ro o ie -d p ye} a S uy a 2 (e) 2019 Julian days (since 1/1/91) * Tide Gauge Data =™ Adjusted NOAA Data Datum MIL Datum MLLW. Figure 2-2. Comparison of the two types of tidal data collected for the July 1996 bathymetric survey at CLIS Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 13 distinct layers within the water column. Sound velocity correction factors were then calculated using the bin-averaged values. The bathymetric data were analyzed using SAIC's Hydrographic Data Analysis System (HDAS), version 1.03. Raw bathymetric data were imported into HDAS, corrected for sound velocity, and standardized to mean lower low water using the NOAA observed tides. The bathymetric data were then used to construct depth models of the surveyed area. A detailed discussion of the bathymetric analysis technique is provided in the DAMOS Bathymetry and Navigation Reference Report (Murray and Selvitelli 1996). 2.4 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography REMOTS® photography was used to detect the distribution of dredged material layers, map benthic disturbance gradients, and monitor the benthic infaunal recolonization and/or successional status of the CLIS 95, CLIS 94, and NHAV 93 disposal mounds. Cross-sectional photographs of the top 20 cm of sediment were taken for analysis and intercomparison with data collected at the adjacent CLIS reference areas, as well as previous surveys. The REMOTS® sampling grids over the disposal mounds formed a cross-shaped pattern over the centers of the project mounds. Three replicate photographs were taken at 13 stations over CLIS 95 and five stations over the CLIS 94 and NHAV 93 disposal mounds. The sampling pattern over the CLIS 95 mound consisted of three stations over each of four arms and one station in the center. The pattern over the CLIS 94 and NHAV 93 mounds consisted of one station over each of four arms and one station in the center (Figure 2-1). The REMOTS® survey over the new CLIS 95 mound was centered at the CDA 95 buoy position (41°08.660' N, 72°53.042' W), with station spacing at 100 m (Appendix A, Table 2-1). The CLIS 94 grid, centered at 41°09.343' N, 72°53.099' W, was sampled every 100 m (Appendix A, Table 2-1). The REMOTS® survey over the NHAV 93 mound was centered at 41°09.122' N, 72°53.453' W with station spacing at 200 m (Appendix A, Table 2-1). Data from three reference areas (2500W, 4500E, and CLIS-REF) were used for comparison of ambient central Long Island Sound sediments relative to the sediments deposited at CLIS through disposal operations. Reference areas 2500W (41°09.254' N, 72°55.569' W) and 4500E (41°09.254' N, 72 50.565' W) were sampled at four randomly selected stations. CLIS-REF (41°08.085' N, 72°50.109' W) was sampled at five randomly selected stations (Figure 2-1; Appendix A, Table 2-1). Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 14 3.0 RESULTS The 2100 m x 2100 m precision bathymetric survey at CLIS was conducted to monitor changes in bottom topography and long-term stability of the sediment mounds occupying the most active region of the disposal site. This survey yielded a bathymetric chart of the 4.41 km? area with a minimum depth of 15.5 m over the NHAV 74 mound (Figure 3-1). A total of seventeen discrete and/or coalesced dredged material disposal mounds were detected within the surveyed area. To improve the resolution and focus on each of the subject disposal mounds (CLIS 95, CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR), the data collected over the 2100 m x 2100 m survey area was regridded into smaller analysis areas. Depth difference calculations for apparent accumulation and consolidation of dredged material were performed within the analysis area for each mound. 3.1 CLIS 95 Mound 3.1.1 Bathymetry The CLIS 95 mound is a capped mound composed of an estimated barge volume of 66,400 m3 of dredged material (16,300 m? UDM and 50,100 m? CDM) deposited at the CDA 95 buoy from 2 October 1995 through 4 March 1996. Based on the relatively small volume of dredged material disposed, a 600 m x 600 m analysis area was defined around the CDA 95 buoy position. The bathymetric chart of this smaller area displays a sediment mound approximately 150 m wide along its north-south axis with a minimum depth of 17.25 m at the apex (Figure 3-2). Depth difference calculations based on comparisons with bathymetric data collected at CLIS during the July 1994 survey indicate the deposition of new material succeeded in forming a discrete sediment mound with a height of 3.75 m (Figures 3-3 and 3-4). The CLIS 95 mound appears to be irregularly shaped along the east-west axis as a lobe of material extends 110 m eastward from the base of the mound. DAMOS disposal logs indicate the release of approximately 12,500 m3 of CDM 80 m to 90 m east of the disposal buoy in order to achieve proper cap thickness, accounting for the irregular shape. A total of 28 barge loads of UDM were transported to the CDA 95 buoy and deposited on the CLIS seafloor followed by 86 barge loads of CDM. Detailed analysis of the disposal pattern shows a slight difference between the reported disposal position and the areas of accumulation (Figure 3-5). However, this 75 m to 100 m offset can be Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 15 July 1996 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N 41° 08.750° N- 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.500° W 72° 53.000° W 2100 m x 2100 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 Figure 3-1. Bathymetric chart of the 2100 m x 2100 m survey area relative to the northern disposal site boundary, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 16 CLIS 1995 Mound July 1996 Bathymetry 41° 08.800° N 41° 08.700° N 41° 08.600° N 41° 08.500° N / 3 72° 53.200° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 53.000 W 72° 52.900° W CLIS 600 m x 600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 OTS Om 100 m Figure 3-2. Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area around the CLIS 95 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 HG CLIS 95 Mound July 1994 Bathymetry 41° 08.800° N 41° 08.700° N 41° 08.600" N = ia 41° 08.500° N : <= 72° 53.200° W 72° 53.100 W 72° 53.000° W 72° 52.900° W 600 m x 600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 | Om 100 m Figure 3-3. Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area around the CLIS 95 mound, July 1994, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 18 CLIS 95 Mound Depth Difference July 1996 versus July 1994 Bathymetry 41° 08.800’ N+ 41° 08.700 N 4 41° 08.600 N-4 41° 08.500° N + 72° 53.200° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 53.000° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS Difference in meters NAD 27 OO om 100 m 200 m Figure 3-4. Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. the July 1994 data, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 19 CLIS 95 Mound Reported Disposal Positions { 41° 08.800° N- 41° 08.700° N 41° 08.600° N= 41° 08.500° N 72° 53.200° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 53.000° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS as - Reported UDM Disposal Position Depth and Difference in meters NAD 27 [J - Reported CDM Disposal Position re 0m 100 m 200 m Figure 3-5. Distribution of reported barge release positions (UDM and CDM) over the detectable margins of the CLIS 95 mound Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 20 attributed to the length of the tow-wire, the distance between the disposal barge and the LORAN-C receiver antenna, and the direction of approach. 3.1.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography REMOTS® sediment-profile photography was used to document benthic recolonization as well as track the thin layers of dredged material and assess the overall impact of dredged material deposition over the surface of the CLIS 95 mound. Complete REMOTS® results for the new disposal mound are available in Appendix B. 3.1.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy Fresh dredged material was detected and measured at every REMOTS® station over the CLIS 95 mound. The thickness of dredged material was determined to be greater than camera penetration in every replicate photograph analyzed. Redox rebound intervals, areas showing evidence of intermittent or seasonal oxidation below the oxidized surface layer, were noted at Stations CTR, 100E, 200S, 200W, 300S, 300E, and 300W. The presence of redox rebound intervals within a new sediment deposit suggests a recent, gradual reduction in bottom water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration as part of seasonal events in the region. Physical REMOTS® parameters showed that the major modal grain size was reported as mostly >4 phi, indicating silts and clays in the surface layers. A fine sand component (4 to 3 phi) was evident in five replicates that were scattered over the survey grid. The replicate-averaged mean camera penetration ranging from 11.46 cm at 100W to 18.44 cm at 100N correlated well with boundary roughness values (Appendix A, Table 3- 1). The lower mean camera penetration depths were generally associated with the higher boundary roughness or surface disturbance measurements. Boundary roughness ranged from 0.38 cm at 100N to 1.98 cm at CTR, with the primary cause for surface roughness being physical disturbance mainly due to the recent CDM deposition. 3.1.2.2 Benthic Community Assessment Three parameters were used to assess the benthic recolonization rate and overall health of the project mounds relative to the CLIS reference areas. The apparent Redox Potential Discontinuity (RPD) depth, infaunal successional status, and the Organism- Sediment Index (OSI) were mapped on station location plots to outline the biological conditions at each station. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 21 The apparent RPD depth is a measure of the level of oxygenation in the upper sediment layers. This value indicates dissolved oxygen conditions within sediment pore water as well as the availability and consumption of molecular oxygen (O,) in the surface sediments. Since actual oxygen status in the sediment is not measured, the apparent RPD is estimated by measuring the thickness of the layer of high reflectance oxidized sediments in contrast to the usually gray to black reduced material at depth (Rhoads and Germano 1982). The mapping of successional stages is based on the theory that organism-sediment interactions follow a predictable sequence after a major seafloor disturbance (Rhoads and Germano 1982). This sequence is defined by end-member assemblages of benthic organisms. Stage I is made up of pioneering assemblages usually consisting of dense aggregations of near-surface, tube-dwelling polychaetes. If left undisturbed, Stage II infaunal deposit feeders such as shallow-dwelling bivalves or tubicolous amphipods then colonize the recovering seafloor. Stage III organisms are generally head-down deposit- feeding invertebrates whose presence results in distinctive subsurface feeding voids. Stage III taxa are associated with relatively low-disturbance regimes (Rhoads and Germano 1986). Organism-sediment index values are calculated by summarizing the apparent RPD depth, successional status, and indicators of methane or low oxygen. OSIs can range from -10 (azoic with methane gas present in sediment) to 11 (aerobic bottom with deep apparent RPD, evidence of mature macrofaunal assemblage, and no apparent methane). OSI values are useful in mapping disturbances and quantifying ecosystem recovery (Rhoads and Germano 1982). The replicate-averaged mean redox potential discontinuity (RPD) depths over the CLIS 95 mound ranged from 0.94 cm at 100S to 3.18 cm at 200N (Figure 3-6). There was no distinct pattern in the RPD values within the REMOTS® grid; however, the range was relatively high for a new dredged material deposit. No methane was noted at any station over the CLIS 95 mound, but low dissolved oxygen (DO) was detected in one replicate of Station 100S, effecting the OSI value for that station. With the exception of 100S, median OSI values were higher than expected for a sediment mound at five months postdisposal, ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 (Figure 3-6). Deep RPD depths and a mature benthic assemblage were the reasons for the elevated OSI values. The successional stage status of CLIS 95 was quite advanced for an area recovering from a recent benthic disturbance. Stage III activity was detected at every station over the CLIS 95 mound with most replicates being classified as Stage I on III. One replicate over Station 300W failed to show evidence of Stage III organisms in the surface or subsurface Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 CLIS 95 Mound July 1996 REMOTS® Stations over Bathymetry and Fresh Dredged Material Deposit 41° 08.800" N 41° 08.700" N 41° 08.600° N 41° 08.500" N 72° 53.200: W = 72° 53.100" W 72° 53.000° W 72° 52.900° W ie Overall CLIS Os! 74 600 m x 600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 ET Om Figure 3-6. Bathymetric chart of the 600 m x 600 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of fresh dredged material detected by depth difference calculations (see Figure 3-4) as well as replicate-averaged RPD and OSI values from 1996 REMOTS® survey Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 23 sediment layers. However, a deep RPD and mature Stage I benthic assemblage in this replicate suggest that the surface sediments are comparable to the remainder of the CLIS 95 mound (Figure 3-7A). Overall, the benthic conditions over the entire CLIS 95 mound indicate a rapid recovery as demonstrated by the photographs collected over CTR (Figure 3-7B). 3.2 CLIS 94 Mound 3.2.1 Bathymetry The CLIS 94 mound is readily apparent in the large 4.41 km? survey area; however, in order to focus on the smaller aspects of the disposal mound, the July 1996 bathymetric data were narrowed to a 1.0 km? analysis area. The mound is approximately 470 m wide at the center with a minimum depth of 16.25 m at the apex (Figure 3-8). The CLIS 94 mound maintained its irregular shape, being broader and less pronounced south of the apex. Depth difference plots utilizing the September 1995, 1000 m x 1000 m survey over the CLIS 94 mound indicate a 0.25 to 0.5 m decrease in mound height at the apex as well as several pockets of consolidation to the south (Figures 3-9 and 3-10). Comparisons with the July 1994 baseline bathymetry show that the bottom feature now has a maximum mound height of 2.5 m (Figures 3-11 and 3-12). 3.2.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography REMOTS® sediment-profile photography was used to document benthic recolonization over the center of the disposal mound and assess the overall recovery of the dredged material deposit. Complete REMOTS® results for the disposal mound are available in Appendix C. 3.2.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy Dredged material was detected and measured at every station over the center of the CLIS 94 mound. Dredged material was greater than camera penetration in every replicate photograph. Redox rebound intervals were noted at stations 100 m south and east of the center, lending further support to the observations at CLIS 95 which suggest the occurrence of a recent, gradual reduction in water column DO. Physical REMOTS® parameters showed that the major modal grain size was reported as >4 phi (silt and clay) at most stations, indicating the deposition of predominantly fine-grained dredged material with no detectable coarsening of surficial Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 II[ 98815 SNSIOA sNje}s UONEZIUOTOSI SIYJUDq | 9Be1g Jo sa[durexa SUIPIAOId puNOU! CG SIT MY) JO ULI PUL MODE SUONIRIS JOAO pajoa|joo sydersojoyd @SLOWAU “L-€ GNI a YLD uOHeIS AWAIE |] Bes Jo s.uapIAy ‘ V MO0€ UoNe}S saqn} WOM ayaeydAjod | abeys aunjew- pUuNOW S6 SITD ays jesodsiq punos pues] Huo7 jesjuaeg Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 7p) CLIS 94 Mound July 1996 Bathymetry Te 41° 09.500° N 4/ 41° 09.400° N PETS G (K\~ ORS | 41° 09.300° N 41° 09.200’ N g AS" ; | (108 | | / | ) | Ve Zz (J ‘éLis 94 > Ua Naha) | | \ ate are ha i 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS 1000 m =x 1000 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 Om 200 m Figure 3-8. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 CLIS 94 Mound September 1995 Bathymetry y Be | an 41° 09.500°N+/ _ : 41° 09.400° N 41° 09.300° N es —— \\ \ ed N\ eo \ 7 a 41° 09.200° N 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS 1000 m x 1000 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 ee Om 200 m Figure 3-9. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, September 1995, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 27 CLIS 94 Mound July 1996 Bathymetry and Detected Consolidation Relative to September 1995 41° 09.500’ N+, 41° 09.400° N 41° 09.300°N4\ 41° 09.200° N>, 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS Depth and Difference in meters NAD 27 i 7 Om 200 m Figure 3-10. Bathymetric chart showing pockets of apparent consolidation over the CLIS 94 mound since September 1995, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 CLIS 94 Mound July 1994 Baseline Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.400° N 41° 09.300" N -\\ 41° 09.200 N 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS 1000 m x 1000 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 EE Om 200 m Figure 3-11. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area over the CLIS 94 mound, July 1994 baseline, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 29 CLIS 94 Mound Depth Difference July 1996 vs. July 1994 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.400° N 41° 09.300" N 41° 09.200° N 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W CLIS Difference in meters NAD 27 UZ Om 200 m Figure 3-12. Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data vs. the July 1994 data showing the current status of the CLIS 94 mound, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 30 sediments 15 months after completion of the capped mound. Slightly coarser sediments (4 to 3 phi) were detected in one replicate of Station 100S, but this finding was most likely attributable to variability within the sediment deposit rather than loss of fine-grained material due to winnowing. The replicate-averaged mean camera penetration was deepest (18.12 cm) 100 m south of the center and was shallowest (14.71 cm) at CTR (Appendix A, Table 3-2). Boundary roughness measurements showed no distinct pattern over the center of the CLIS 94 mound. Replicate-averaged boundary roughness values ranged from 0.35 cm at 100E to 1.15 cm at CTR. The primary cause for surface roughness was classified as physical disturbance as anticipated over a relatively recent sediment deposit. As consolidation and increased bioturbation affect the surface sediment layers in the future, boundary roughness over the CLIS 94 mound is expected to become more biogenic in nature. 3.2.2.2 Benthic Community Assessment The replicate-averaged mean RPD values ranged from 1.09 at CTR to 3.38 cm at 100N, deeper in comparison to the 1995 results (Figure 3-13). No methane was noted in any photograph, but indications of low dissolved oxygen were detected in one replicate of Station 100S. The successional stage status for the center of the CLIS 94 mound can be characterized as Stage I on III, with the exception of Station 100S (Stage I recolonization status). Stage III activity at four of the five stations and deep RPD depths were the factors behind high OSI values. Median OSI values of the CLIS 94 replicates ranged from 3.0 at CTR to 10.0 at 100E (Figures 3-13 and 3-14 A and B). Low OSIs (<6) were calculated for two of the five stations and were the result of shallow RPD values (CTR), or low DO and lack of Stage III organisms (100S). 3.3. NHAV 93 Mound 3.3.1 Bathymetry A total of eight bathymetric surveys have now been conducted over the NHAV 93 mound since September 1993 to monitor the progress of the CAD mound construction, stability, and consolidation over time. The latest bathymetric survey, 2.5 years after capping operations were completed, displays a mound complex approximately 820 m wide and composed of eight disposal mounds (CLIS 87, CLIS 88, CLIS 89, CLIS 90, CLIS 91, SP, Norwalk, and NHAV 93) (Figure 3-15). Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 31 CLIS 94 Mound July 1996 REMOTS® Stations over Bathymetry and Detectable Dredged Material Deposit 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.400° N 41° 09.300° N+ 41° 09.200° N 72° 53.300° W 72° 53.100° W 72° 52.900° W 2.28 A 5.8 CLIS 1000 m x 1000 m Survey Area Depth in meters | RPD A Overall OSI NAD 27 i Zz Om 200 m Figure 3-13. Bathymetric chart of the 1000 m x 1000 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of detectable dredged material (see Figure 3-12) as well as replicate- averaged RPD and OSI values from 1996 REMOTS® survey Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1 996 PUNOU PG SITIO OY) J9A0 S}UDUTIpas dORJINS OY} Ul (yidop Gdy) UOepIxo Jo JaAgy oy) Sursedui0s FOO, pue WLO suoners ye sydessoi0yd @SLOWAY “PI-€ Wns a V 400) Uoneys YLO uole1S JeA1a}U] punogay xopay dy deeq Gda Mojjeys punow 76 SI19D ays jesodsiq punos puejs| 6uo7 jeujuag Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 33 NHAV 93 Mound July 1996 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N \ 2 oe S WS a \ SE A195; L / = a NA s a al 41° 08.750° N 72° 54.000: W 72°53.750° W 72°53.500° W 72°53.250°W 72° 53.000° W CLIS 1600 m x 1600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 a Om 400 m Figure 3-15. Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m x 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 34 NHAV 93 Mound March 1993 Postcap Bathymetry TX Nag SS a == wy, x { i ea \ | [ Y O (ae f No 41° 09.500" N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N (is ey ay ea ae / | / i) (Gent \% WY), FE A) | —— — 5 Pa 41° 08.750° N J ERs / PS S | 72° 54.000°W 72°53.750°W 72°53.500°W 72°53.250° W 72° 53.000° W 1600 m x 1600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 a Om 400 m Figure 3-16. Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m = 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, March 1993 postcap survey, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 35 Total Consolidation over the NHAV 93 Mound Depth Difference July 1996 vs. March 1994 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N 41° 08.750° N 72° 54.000°W 72°53.750°W 72°53.500° W 72°53.250°W 72° 53.000° W CLIS Depth in meters NAD 27 7 Om 400 m Figure 3-17. Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data versus March 1994 data showing consolidation over the NHAV 93 mound since cap completion Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 36 Little change in size or shape was detected in the mound complex, relative to previous surveys. However, depth difference calculations found 0.25 m to 0.75 m of consolidation over the majority of the mound in comparison to the postcap bathymetric survey of March 1994 (Figures 3-16 and 3-17). The pockets of 0.5 m to 0.75 m of consolidation detected near the center of the NHAV 93 mound in September 1995 appear to be slightly enlarged in the 1996 survey (Morris 1997). The current shape of the capped mound is apparent in depth difference comparisons with the September 1993 baseline bathymetry (Figure 3-18). As of July 1996, the NHAV 93 mound has a maximum mound height of 2.25 m and is connected to the CLIS 94 mound by a ridge of CDM approximately 0.5 m thick (Figure 3-19). Comparisons between the detectable limits of NHAV 93 in July 1996 and September 1995 indicate slow consolidation of the apron material evident in the narrowing of the detectable margins of the disposal mound. 3.3.2 REMOTS® Sediment-Profile Photography The REMOTS® survey over the NHAV 93 mound was conducted primarily to evaluate the recolonization status of the center of this capped mound. Complete REMOTS® results for the NHAV 93 disposal mound are available in Appendix D. Analysis of the images provides additional information on the presence or absence of erosion of surface sediments which can aid in interpretation of bathymetric results. 3.3.2.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy Grain size and surface roughness data indicated no distinct pattern at the NHAV 93 disposal mound. The major modal grain size at every station was >4 phi, indicating no significant coarsening of surface dredged material (1.e., no loss of fine material). The replicate-averaged mean camera penetration ranged from 14.97 cm to 16.74 cm (Appendix A, Table 3-3). Boundary roughness values ranged from 0.49 cm to 0.75 cm. The primary cause of boundary roughness was classified as physical disturbance. However, several replicates are showing signs of increased biogenic activity in the surficial sediment layers. Historic dredged material was detected and measured at all five REMOTS® camera stations. As expected, dredged material thickness was greater than penetration in all replicate photographs. Redox rebound intervals were noted at each station over the center of the NHAV 93 mound. These results provide no indication of winnowing (coarsened grain sizes) or scour (> 3.0 cm physical boundary roughness) which is consistent with a conclusion of no erosion of the cap sediments during the study period. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 37 NHAV 93 Mound September 1993 Baseline Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N i) 41° 09.250’ N b CLIS 86 Ls @ ° ° CLIS 92 CLIS 87 a ue LIS 91 “PeCLIS 88 ee se ~~ g 41° 09.000’ N : 3 NORWALK \ wo. Ca 2. CZ oF 41° 08.750° N 72° 54.000. W 72° 53.750°W = 72° 53.500° W 72° 53.250°W = 72° 53.000’ W CLIS 1600 m x 1600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 UZ Om Figure 3-18. Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m = 1600 m analysis area over the NHAV 93 mound, September 1993 baseline, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 38 NHAV 93 Mound Depth Difference July 1996 vs. September 1993 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000" N 41° 08.750° N 72° 54.000 W 72° 53.750°W = 72° 53.500°W 972° 53.250°W 972° 53.000° W CLIS Difference in meters NAD 27 CC ———— Om 400 m Figure 3-19. Depth difference plot of the July 1996 data versus the September 1993 data showing the current status of the NHAV 93 mound, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 39 NHAV 93 Mound July 1996 REMOTS® Stations over Bathymetry and Detectable Dredged Material Deposit Vas — eS ae ee 41° 09.500° N 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N 41° 08.750° N —__ [IS 72° 54.000° Ws 72° 53.750° WSs 72° 53.500° W = 72° 53.250: WSs 72° 53.000° W CLIS 1600 m x 1600 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 0m Figure 3-20. Bathymetric chart of the 1600 m = 1600 m analysis area overlaid with footprint of dredged material detected by depth difference calculations (see Figure 3-16) as well as replicate-averaged RPD and OSI values from 1996 REMOTS® survey Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 40 3.3.2.2 Benthic Community Assessment Replicate-averaged RPDs were fairly deep, ranging from 1.37 cm at 200N to 2.77 cm at CTR (Figure 3-20). Neither methane nor low dissolved oxygen was noted in any photograph. Station 200N showed no evidence of Stage III activity, while the remainder of the NHAV 93 stations were classified as Stage I on Stage III. In response to the deep RPDs and strong presence of Stage III individuals, OSI values over the center of the mound were quite high. Median OSIs ranged from 3.0 at Stations 200N (no Stage III) and 200S (Stage III in one replicate) to 9.0 at CTR (Figure 3-20). In comparison to the results of the September 1995 REMOTS® survey, improving benthic conditions were detected at four of the five stations sampled in July 1996 (Morris 1997). A degradation in the benthic environment was observed at Station 200N relative to September 1995 with shallower RPD depths and lack of Stage III individuals (Figures 3-21 A and B). Overall, REMOTS® sediment-profile photography results indicate that the NHAV 93 mound is still recovering from the impact of dredged material disposal as predicted (Germano et al. 1994). 3.4 MQR Mound The July 1996 CLIS survey collected bathymetric data over approximately 75 percent of the historic MQR mound, lying in the southwest corner of the 4.41 km? survey area. Detailed analysis of these data was achieved by scaling down the area of interest to a 700 m x 500 m region centered on the apex of the MQR mound. A bathymetric chart of the July 1996 data depicts a discrete, stable, and capped sediment mound with a minimum depth of 17.25 m at MLLW. The MQR mound is approximately 400 m wide as the western flank continues beyond the margin of the survey grid (Figure 3-22). During the 1993-94 disposal season, approximately 65,000 m3 of supplemental CDM was placed over MQR, creating a new apex 100 m northeast of the mound center (Morris and Tufts 1997). Depth difference calculations based on the July 1994 survey indicate small to moderate pockets of consolidation (0.25 m to 0.75 m) near the apex as well as the southwestern margins of the MQR mound (Figures 3-23 and 3-24). A significant percentage of the supplemental cap material released over the western MQR mound consisted of coarse sand with some larger grains (Morris and Tufts 1997). The deposition of this denser material is likely the basis for sediment de-watering and subsequent consolidation of the underlying silts and clays deposited in 1982 and 1983. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 4] (SUOT}IPUOS BUTUTTIEP) 966T SNSIOA (erxodAY WOT, AI9A099I) GGG] Ul SJUOUTIPas SOKJAINS oY] JO souvivodde [[esJoA0 pue UONeprxo Jo [aAg] ay} SuLeduIOD NOOT UOTeIS 1e sydersojoyd @SLOWAM “1Z-¢ NBL a V (966L) NOOZ “ONES (S66L) NOOZ “UON}e}S (Ssuoi}!puos Bululj9aq) .|-6w 9°g Bulyseoudde ‘¢C'q yuaag eixodAp-aig (AsdA099y)) yuaag elxodApH-}Ss0q PUNOW ¢6 AVHN a}IS jesodsiq punos puejs| buo7 jeajuay Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 MQR Mound July 1996 Bathymetry 41°08.800° N 41° 08.700° N -19.50 MQR Mound, , ‘S 78.5 41° 08.600° N 41° 08.500° N 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.900° W 72° 53.800° W 72° 53.700° W CLIS 700 m x 500 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 a Om 100 m Figure 3-22. Bathymetric chart of the 700 m < 500 m analysis area over the MQR mound, July 1996, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 43 MQR Mound July 1994 Bathymetry 41° 08.800° N 41° 08.700' N MQR Mound No s 41° 08.600° N 41° 08.500° N 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.900° W 72° 53.800° W 72° 53.700 W CLIS 700 m x 500 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 —— Om 100 m Figure 3-23. Bathymetric chart of the 700 m « 500 m analysis area over the MQR mound, July 1994, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 44 MQR Mound Areas of Consolidation July 1996 vs. July 1994 Depth Difference over July 1996 Bathymetry 41° 08.700° N 41° 08.600° N 41° 08.500° N 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.900° W 72° 53.800° W 72° 53.700° N CLIS Depth and Difference in meters NAD 27 EEC om 100 m Figure 3-24. Bathymetric chart showing pockets of apparent consolidation over the MQR mound since July 1994, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 45 3.5 CLIS Reference Areas Complete REMOTS® results for the CLIS reference areas (2500W, 4500E, and CLIS-REF) are available in Appendix E. Reference area data are collected to provide a baseline against which results from the dredged material mounds are compared. CLIS- REF has been a reference area for CLIS since the beginning of the DAMOS Program. The two newer reference areas, 2500W and 4500E, have been monitored since approximately 1987. 3.5.1 Sediment Grain Size and Stratigraphy Physical indicators of the benthic environment include the grain size and boundary roughness of the sediment surface. The major modal grain size was >4 phi in all reference station replicates indicative of ambient Long Island Sound sediments. Replicate- averaged camera penetration ranged from 10.59 cm to 14.26 cm (Appendix A, Table 3-4). Boundary roughness values ranged from 0.32 cm to 2.36 cm. Surface disturbance determinations of biogenic processes, physical disturbance, and “unidentifiable” were represented and equally distributed among the 39 replicates. In contrast to the other reference area photographs, one replicate image obtained from Station 9 at CLIS-REF displayed an anomalous pocket of low reflectance, fine- grained material approximately 5 cm below the sediment-water interface. In addition, the surface sediment layers in this replicate photograph indicated a recent physical disturbance. However, the lack of similar conditions in the remaining two replicates suggests this is a localized benthic disturbance. Redox rebound intervals were identified in several reference area photographs, indicating a change in water column dissolved oxygen concentrations. No methane gas was detected in the subsurface sediments of the CLIS reference areas, but one replicate photograph collected at 2500W was classified as low DO. 3.5.2 Benthic Community Assessment Replicate-averaged RPDs at all three reference areas ranged from 1.5 cm to 2.62 cm. These levels indicate healthy benthic conditions and an improvement relative to the September 1995 REMOTS® survey. The successional stage status at all reference stations was most commonly Stage I on Stage III, indicating a mature benthic assemblage. Stage II individuals were not identified in any replicate REMOTS® image. Median OSIs at the reference areas consistently ranged Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 46 from 6.0 to 9.0, except for a minimum OSI of 4.0 at 2500W Station 3 (low DO in one replicate) and 4500E Station 5 (Stage III activity in only one replicate). OSIs of >6 were present at three of four 2500W stations, three of four 4500E stations, and four of five CLIS-REF stations sampled. These solid OSI values are due primarily to the deep RPDs and the presence of Stage III organisms at every station. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 4.0 DISCUSSION 4.1 Seasonal Hypoxia As predicted, comparisons between the July 1996 and September 1995 REMOTS® data sets for the CLIS disposal mounds and reference areas indicate a marked improvement in benthic conditions. With no distinct change in successional stage status, the OSI values calculated for the July 1996 REMOTS® stations were considerably higher. This improvement was primarily due to the incorporation of more molecular oxygen (O,) in the surficial sediment layers, resulting in deeper RPD depths. The level of oxygenation at the sediment-water interface is controlled by the extent of bioturbation, as well as the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the bottom waters to support biological (respiration) and chemical (oxidation) consumption requirements. During the September 1995 REMOTS® sediment-profile photography surveys over NHAV 93, CLIS 94, FVP, and the CLIS reference areas, a trend of shallower than expected RPD depths and indications of low DO concentrations was observed despite the presence of mature benthic assemblages (Morris 1997). In addition, water quality data obtained from the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CTDEP) documented the occurrence of a seasonal hypoxic event within the central Long Island Sound region two weeks prior to the September 1995 monitoring cruise at CLIS (Figures 4-1 and 4-2; Morris 1997). The 1996 CTDEP water quality data indicate the July 1996 monitoring cruise was completed before the seasonal reduction of available oxygen reached critical levels within the central Long Island Sound region (Figures 4-1 and 4-2). In early July, bottom water DO concentrations at the primary (H2 and H4) and secondary (23, 26, and 27) water quality monitoring stations ranged from 5.0 mg-I’ to 6.5 mg:I'. Oxygen concentrations of > 5.0 mg-I" are thought to be protective of most Long Island Sound marine life (LISS 1990). Warm bottom waters and a consistent supply of molecular oxygen (O,) promote increased bioturbational activity within the infaunal populations of the disposal mounds and reference areas. The feeding and foraging efforts of errant polychaete worms composing the Stage III assemblage incorporate oxygen-rich bottom waters into the surficial sediments, resulting in deeper RPD depths and elevated OSI values. As expected, the CTDEP data recorded the occurrence of a seasonal hypoxic event in the bottom waters of the central Long Island Sound region approximately four weeks after the 1996 survey activity (Julian Day 233; Figures 4-1 and 4-2). Bottom water DO concentrations reached a seasonal low at five of six water quality monitoring stations Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 48 S66[ 10} LZ pure ‘oz “EZ SUONRIS SULIOIIUOW JOUIUUNS 1B spuez OC Woo pue suone}g suldues UdISAXG PSATOSSIC] UOTIOSIOIg [eJUOWUOIIAUT Jo jus edaq jnoNdaUUOD 9} JO UOTTSO O87 09 Ove & NOLLV.LS — 9% NOLLV.LS — €t NOLLV.LS a vind uasAxO parajossiq 9661 JawUNS eqeg Ajend Jae dad Ind1W99uu0D LZEMLS 9 WLS suoijeys buijdwes uabAxOC peajossig }nd1j99uUUOD punos pues] buo7 jesjuag Kaaing Seer sdeq uernt tz OCC Otc hed 00 O6T Ost OZT ¢ at Kk - ~ ——{ sa ¢ ss “=. | Ties Sea 9 Z7NOLL¥LS = ¢ a —i pS = a 9@ NOLL¥LS eee Set: Ma ig fe) i / —~ = Se = =e 3 } Nort Z 2 a a s 8 = | 6 / Apmmew SA 9661 pur Tp oansiy a refers Hoe Mian ys eBpug j vie wad AXCO PaATOsstcy G66] Jou ee Anjend sje Ay Jaq IsN93auU0D Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, Jul: 1996 49 Bottom Dissolved Oxygen Data 1995 12 — 4 eee en Z| ani ax eae 10 | \ oD i e 4 a 5, opel 2 An at Lol é (ms Mehals) | 1B | 3 Rates z G a ean ee + - 2 0 50 100 300 350 CLIS REMOTS® Survey September 1995 Bottom Dissolved Oxygen Data 1996 = = . } —=— t=} Sp ae | H2 é oe | a3} pains: | a / = «| 4 a "ETS YAW FEL SERS OY Tal ERT eR Ae a 0 50 100 150 700 250 300 350 Julian Da CLIS REMOTS® Survey July 1996 Figure 4-2. Observed changes in bottom DO concentrations at Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Dissolved Oxygen sampling stations H2 and H4 for 1995 and 1996 Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 50 (H2, 23, 26, and 27), with a range of 2.2 mg-I' at H2 to 4.5 mg-I' at Station 27. Consequently, if the 1996 monitoring cruise at CLIS was conducted between mid-August and mid-September, benthic conditions similar to those experienced during the 1995 survey would have been observed once again (Morris 1997). In the past, annual monitoring surveys at the Long Island Sound disposal sites were performed in mid-summer (late July-August), allowing six or more weeks between the end of the disposal season (31 May) and any benthic community assessment operations. In addition, the summer months provide warmer bottom water temperatures (17 to 21°C), which increase the metabolic rates and bioturbation activity of the benthic infaunal populations. Prior DAMOS experience has also determined that intensive recruitment of opportunistic, pioneering polychaetes (Stage I individuals) occurs 1-2 weeks after the completion of disposal activity (Germano et al. 1994). Therefore, it is recommended that future survey operations at CLIS requiring the assessment of benthic infaunal recolonization be scheduled for the period between 21 June through 15 July or after the end of September. Monitoring surveys conducted within this time frame should provide adequate recruitment time on the surface of a new dredged material deposit, as well as avoid confounding the monitoring interpretation with the effects of summer hypoxia in the region. 4.2 Benthic Habitat Conditions As the most recent bottom feature within the disposal site, the CLIS 95 mound displayed evidence of rapid benthic recolonization, with Stage I and Stage III activity discovered at every station, and deep RPD depths over most of the mound surface. Capping operations over the CLIS 95 mound were completed on 4 March 1996 (Julian Day 63). According to the 1996 CTDEP data set, benthic recovery over the surface of this sediment deposit progressed for approximately five months (8 July 1996) before bottom water DO concentrations approached 5.0 mg-I'' (Figure 4-2). The REMOTS® assessment for the center of CLIS 94 indicates modest improvement over the one-year-old disposal mound, relative to the September 1995 survey. OSI values increased slightly at two of five stations (CTR and 100E); increased by three points at one station (100W); and decreased slightly at the remaining two stations (100N and 100S). Although the OSI values at 100N and 100S are suggesting a gradual decline in benthic conditions, they are comparable to the 1996 CLIS reference area data and remain relatively high for a recent dredged material deposit. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 51 Data collected over the NHAV 93 mound provided mixed results, in comparison to the September 1995 survey (Morris 1997). Station CTR showed dramatic improvement with a 6-point increase in OSI values within a ten-month time period. Stations 200E and 200W also displayed solid improvement in benthic conditions with 2- and 1-point increases in OSI values, respectively. However, a significant decline in benthic conditions was noted in the July 1996 versus September 1995 comparison of results for 200N. The 1996 median OSI value fell 4 points relative to 1995, due to the lack of Stage III activity and shallower RPD depths. Station 200N was one of three areas of concern (200N, CTR, and 400S) discovered during the July 1994 REMOTS® survey over the NHAV 93 mound due to the appearance of dark sulphidic sediments and diffusional RPDs (Figure 4-3A; Morris and Tufts 1997). As part of the DAMOS tiered monitoring protocol, sediment toxicity testing was performed to verify the quality of the CDM at the sediment-water interface. Ampelisca abdita bioassay testing found no significant difference in toxicity between the NHAV 93 CDM and sediments obtained from the historic Southern Reference Area (Morris and Tufts 1997). The benthic conditions observed in July 1994 were attributed to high labile organic content within the CDM. Newly deposited sediments often support higher population densities of foraging invertebrates by providing a concentrated food source within a competition-free space, relative to ambient material (Germano et al. 1994). Fresh dredged material often possesses a higher inorganic nutrient (N, P, Si, Fe, etc.) and organic material (bio-available Carbon) content, in comparison to the depleted ambient sediments surrounding the disposal site (Rhoads and Germano 1986). Disposal mounds composed of sediments that yield small to moderate increases in nutrients and organic detritus tend to promote a healthy benthic environment through faster recolonization and increased bioturbation (CLIS 95, CLIS 94, etc.). Dredged material mounds with higher levels of organic material tend to recover at a slower rate due to the increased sediment oxygen demand (SOD) caused by oxidation of the labile organics (NHAV 93). During the September 1995 REMOTS® survey, Station 200N, as well as CTR and 400S, displayed significant improvement with deep RPDs and Stage III activity in the subsurface sediment layers, despite the passage of a hypoxic event in the region two weeks prior to monitoring activity (Figure 4-3B; Morris 1997). Apparently, a sufficient amount of organic material was consumed within the dredged material deposit eighteen months after the completion of the project, decreasing the SOD and allowing the development of a stable benthic infaunal population. The degradation of conditions observed at Station 200N during the July 1996 survey may be attributable to variability in SOD within a patchy Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 SADAINS SULIOPUOU [e}UDUTUOITAUS JO SIBdA 9d} IDAO NOOT UONEIS 3@ SUOTIPUOD sIyUSQ oY} BulIeduos sydessoj0yd @SLOWAU ‘¢-p ans a 2) S| V L66/ Jequia}dag 9661 Aine G66| Jaquiajdas y6e6L Aine NOO0d UOl}e}S Ppunow €6 AVHN Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 53 benthic environment (Figure 4-3C). However, the consistency between the three replicate photographs collected in July 1996 suggests otherwise. Studies pertaining to seasonal cycles throughout Long Island Sound have documented higher SOD within both deposited sediments and ambient material in late spring (May-June; Rhoads et al. 1975). Eutrophication of the water column via waste water input and terrestrial run-off promotes the development of a winter-spring plankton bloom. Phytoplankton populations quickly grow and exploit the abundance of primary nutrients in solution. As nutrient concentrations in the water column return to normal levels, much of the phytoplankton dies, accumulates at the sediment-water interface, and decays. Aerobic microbes exploit the organic detritus as a food source, producing carbon dioxide (CO,) and recycling many of the nutrients. Microbial respiration begins to consume a significant percentage of the available molecular oxygen in the bottom waters. As bottom water temperatures increase during the spring months, microbial activity at the sediment-water interface and total SOD also increase, as the supply of organic material at the sediment-water interface is slowly exhausted. Both aerobic and anaerobic processes continue below the sediment-water interface _as complex organic molecules are broken down by bacterial action as well as chemical oxidation. Bioturbation by the resident benthic infauna population also continues, as molecular oxygen is incorporated within the surficial sediment layers through pore water exchange. The relatively high DO concentrations (6 to 8 mg:I’ ) within the water column in late spring tend to support the greater oxygen demand associated with the annual phytoplankton extinction without impacting the infaunal communities residing in most dredged material deposits (CLIS 95, CLIS 94, etc.) or ambient Long Island Sound sediments (CLIS Reference Areas). However, the REMOTS® data obtained over Station 200N in July 1994 and July 1996 suggest the impacts of this seasonal introduction of organic material (phytoplankton) may be of a greater magnitude, due to the pre-existing organic load and SOD within the highly enriched CDM. Therefore, the surficial sediment layers at Station 200N appear to be more susceptible to naturally occurring shifts in the oxygen budget, in comparison to other stations over the NHAV 93 mound. During environmental monitoring surveys conducted in September of 1995 and 1997, Station 200N displayed moderate to deep RPD depths, Stage III activity, and correspondingly high OSI values (Morris 1997 and Cole 1998). The results of the September REMOTS® surveys suggest the benthic conditions present at 200N promote rapid recolonization upon the reduction of organic material input, stabilization of SOD, and return of adequate DO concentrations (Figure 4-3D). Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 54 4.3 CLIS Reference Areas Reference area data are collected to provide a baseline against which results from the dredged material mounds are compared. The majority of the July 1996 REMOTS® results for the CLIS 95, CLIS 94, and NHAV 93 mounds were found to be analogous to the conditions found at the three CLIS reference areas. Although the majority of the REMOTS® photographs collected over the project mounds documented improving conditions relative to previous surveys, limited signs of habitat degradation were apparent. Replicate photographs collected at Stations 100N and 100S over the CLIS 94 mound, as well as Station 200N over NHAV 93, discovered conditions indicative of a low DO environment. However, the decline in habitat quality at these stations may also be attributed to a high SOD within the surface sediments caused by oxidation of labile organics and gradually decreasing DO concentrations, rather than a hypoxic event (DO concentrations <3.0 mg:1-1) in the bottom waters. Barring a dramatic benthic disturbance, complete recovery should be achieved within the next few years. Therefore, continued REMOTS® sediment-profile photography over CLIS 95, CLIS 94, and NHAV 93 is recommended for the 1997 monitoring effort, and periodically thereafter. Throughout the 19-year history of the DAMOS Program, CLIS-REF has been utilized as a control area, representative of the ambient sediments of central Long Island Sound. Located approximately 4.5 km southeast of the center of CLIS, this area should be free of the effects of dredged material disposal and display the characteristics of an undisturbed seafloor. On occasion, anomalous benthic conditions are detected at the CLIS reference areas due to natural or anthropogenic effects. Benthic disturbances due to hypoxia and commercial fishing activity have been documented within CLIS reference areas in past years. As part of standard benthic community assessment techniques, the July 1996 REMOTS® survey required random selection of several sediment-profile photography stations within a 300 m radius of CLIS-REF. One replicate photograph collected from STA 9 revealed a pocket of dark, anoxic sediment approximately 5 cm below the sediment water interface (Figure 4-4A). A thin nepheloid layer of loose silt and clay, expelled from a void in the subsurface sediments by the bisecting action of the REMOTS® camera, is visible at the sediment-water interface as well as within the water column. The remaining two replicates obtained from STA 9 displayed conditions indicative of an undisturbed ambient bottom, suggesting a highly localized disturbance (Figure 4-4B). Although physical disturbances can be attributed to a wide variety of sources (infaunal burrowing, boat anchors, trawling scars, etc.) the presence of low reflectance, sulphidic sediment is often used as an indicator of dredged material deposition. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 a9) 6 UONIEIS AAU-SITO J9A0 sydessoj0yd aqeor[dor OM) UTYIM SUOTIPUOS OTYUDG OY} UI SadUaJayTIP SurXe|dsip sydeisojoyd @SLOWAU “b-h ANSI a V 6 UOHeS 45N-SI19 6 UO}}e}S 45u-SI19 yjdeq je aoueJeaddy palo; JeyUNS dy deeq JUSWIPES dIXOUY JO Je490q sue Ke )e2EHNS PeqinsiPun MOLING WOd pajjadxy jeiajey| Sealy BIUdIOJOY ays jesodsiq punos puejs| buo7 jesjue9D Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 56 A ring of dark, anoxic silts and clay surrounding a large, partially collapsed macrofaunal burrow surrounded by a chaotic fabric of oxidized and reduced sediments could also suggest a biological origin. The excavator or inhabitant of this burrow may have used this chamber to stockpile organic debris (food, waste material, etc.) which is now in the process of autolysis and decay. The aerobic microbes that expedite the decomposition and breakdown of organic material may be exhausting the limited supply of oxygen within the surrounding sediments causing the development of a pocket of anoxia. The isolated nature of this disturbance and the presence of mixed layers of sediment within the photograph fails to provide strong evidence that would support one specific cause. Asa result, a more detailed investigation of the area surrounding STA 9 is recommended. Additional REMOTS® photographs should be collected in close proximity to 41° 08.100’ N, 72° 50.112” W (NAD 27) during the 1997 monitoring activity in an attempt to better characterize these sediments. Another instance of disturbance within a CLIS reference area was detected in July 1994 as several REMOTS® photographs obtained from 2500W found evidence of heavy trawling activity (Morris and Tufts 1997). The action of a trawl net and chain sweep across the bottom had scoured the oxidized surface sediment layer and displaced all surface and shallow-dwelling organisms (Figure 4-5A). The resulting high boundary roughness values and chaotic surficial sediment layers made many of the replicate photographs invalid for comparison with the CLIS project mound data for the 1994 survey. However, the area recovered from the disturbance as expected and was utilized for comparisons with the disposal mound photographs in 1995 and 1996 (Figure 4-5B). The same outcome is predicted for the limited benthic disturbance detected at CLIS-REF in July 1996. 4.4 Disposal Site Management, Mound Stabilization, and Consolidation The results of the bathymetric surveying activity performed at CLIS in 1994, 1995, and 1996 have indicated that the dredged material management strategy adopted in 1984 has been successful. For the past twelve years, disposal activity at CLIS has been controlled to achieve the construction of artificial containment cells on a relatively flat bottom. The ring of mounds formed by smaller disposal projects from 1984 through 1992 continues to maintain its integrity and support the central dredged material deposit. The development of the CLIS 95 mound in close proximity to the NHAV 74 mound represents the continuation of the successful management strategy demonstrated with the construction of the NHAV 93 mound (Morris et al. 1996). Deposition of additional Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 Yh MO0SZ B2TV s9UDIIFOY ‘IOAO AIDAONSI SurAvydsip pue “je SUONIPUOD oIYJUDq oy) SuLIeduIOS sydessojoyd @SLOWAY ‘S-p oansIy a & UONEYS M00SZC 9661 Aine SOQN] WOM SBJoOydAIOd | SHOIS SinjoI/\ PIOA Bulpss, ||| S60 \s sealy a0uaJajJay als |esodsiq punos pue|s| buo7 jesjuag V € UOlLEYS MO00SZ v66L Aine Gda JUsIoddy on JeAD] SODyINS Peainisiq Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July: 1996 58 volumes of dredged material to the northwest of CLIS 95 will provide a large lateral containment cell that utilizes the historic NHAV 74, SP, and NORWALK mounds as well as the southeastern ridge of NHAV 93 (Figure 4-6). The CLIS 94 mound to the northeast of the NHAV 93 mound complex begins to close another basin at CLIS that will utilize the slopes of STNH-N, NHAV 74, SP, and CLIS 91 (Figure 4-6). Future disposal activity should be directed to a point northeast of the NHAV 74 mound to complete that containment cell. The wealth of time series data collected over the NHAV 93 and CLIS 94 mounds has provided significant insight into the process of disposal mound consolidation at CLIS. After a period of rapid settlement documented by the multiple bathymetric and REMOTS® sediment-profile photography surveys conducted during the 1993-94 disposal season, changes in the NHAV 93 mound morphology appear to have slowed (Morris et al. 1996). At 2.5 years after the completion of capping operations, precision bathymetry documents the continued, slow consolidation of the NHAV 93 mound on the CLIS seafloor, with a maximum loss in height of 0.5 to 0.75 m. These results concur with the technical studies performed in the late-1980s by the US Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station (WES), as well as the geotechnical analysis of sediments deposited at various capped mounds at CLIS for the DAMOS Program (Poindexter-Rollings 1990; Silva et al. 1994). The findings of the September 1995 and July 1996 surveys suggest the behavior of the CLIS 94 mound appears to be following the same pattern. A period of rapid consolidation during the deposition of CDM was documented through the use of repetitive bathymetric surveys of this bottom feature (Morris 1997). The moderate consolidation represented in Figure 3-10 is expected to continue at a slow rate for the next five to ten years with little change in overall width or shape. Continued bathymetric monitoring of this capped mound is not a necessity; however, occasional monitoring will provide additional insight into the longer term behavior of silt/clay disposal mounds. Repetitive bathymetric surveys over established disposal mounds are the primary tool used to quantify settlement by measuring apparent loss in mound height. The images obtained from the REMOTS® surveys are also helpful in consolidation studies by ruling out reduction in mound height due to erosion of the surficial sediment layers. The displacement of both ambient and deposited sediments can be generated by particle resuspension due to passage of storm events, or through transport by tidally derived bottom currents passing over dredged material deposits. The occurrence and severity of an erosional event can be documented by observing distinct changes in physical appearance within the top 20 cm of the sediment. Significant coarsening of sediment grains within the top 5 cm of the benthos (winnowing), high boundary roughness values (23.0 cm; scour), Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 59 July 1996 Bathymetry 41° 09.500° N v NS a a) e — oe \ “Disposal Site 41° 09.250° N 41° 09.000° N 41° 08.750 N 41° 08.500° N 72° 54.000° W 72° 53.500° W 72° 53.000° W CLIS 2100 m x 2100 m Survey Area Depth in meters NAD 27 OE Om 400 m Figure 4-6. Bathymetric chart of the July 1996 2100 m x 2100 m survey area overlaid with suggested points for future disposal, 0.25 m contour interval Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 60 presence of a distinct nepheloid layer, or total absence of an RPD, are indications of possible sediment resuspension or erosion. The depositional nature of the central Long Island Sound region provides adequate containment of the dredged material deposited within the confines of CLIS. The low current regime and restricted fetch associated with the central basin of Long Island Sound minimize the risk of storm waves and tidal flow transporting dredged material outside the disposal site boundaries. No sediment-profile photographs collected over the CLIS disposal mounds have detected conditions indicative of dredged material loss or movement within the past 11 years. In the fall of 1985, evidence of moderate disposal mound erosion was documented at CLIS after the passage of Hurricane Gloria. REMOTS® images collected from six CLIS disposal mounds (CS-1, CS-2, FVP, MQR, STNH-N, and STNH-S) found small to moderate changes in replicate-averaged boundary roughness, RPD, and OSI values relative to the pre-storm, annual monitoring survey (Parker and Revelas 1989). However, the physical effects of the storm-induced currents and waves were restricted to the top 5 cm of sediment, and directly related to sediment shear strength, a function of composition and age of the deposit. As expected, mound centers displayed the most evidence of material movement, but it was concluded that all capping layers remained intact. The NHAV 93 and CLIS 94 disposal mounds have been exposed to several strong storm events during the past several years. These storms typically generate current velocities and waves that surpass monthly averages, but tend to fall below the intensities caused by passage of a hurricane. Although fluctuations in RPD depth and OSI values related to SOD and hypoxia have been observed, neither disposal mound has displayed signs of erosion in the surficial sediment layers. Low boundary roughness values and the presence of silt and clay at the sediment-water interface reinforce the conclusion that the apparent loss in mound height over these mounds is directly attributable to consolidation of the dredged material deposit. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 SEE eae 5.0 CONCLUSIONS As the most active disposal site in New England, CLIS has been closely monitored since 1979. The July 1996 survey over CLIS was performed to delineate the areal extent and initial colonization of the disposal mound formed during the 1995-96 disposal season. In addition, monitoring of the CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR mounds was conducted to document disposal mound consolidation and continued benthic habitat recovery. The CLIS 95 mound is the newest bottom feature at the disposal site and is an example of a small, capped dredged material disposal mound. An estimated barge volume of 16,300 m3 of UDM followed by 50,100 m3 of CDM yielded a small, but distinct, bottom feature on the CLIS seafloor 3.75 m high and approximately 200 m in diameter, with a CDM to UDM ratio of 3.1:1.0. No bathymetric data documenting the interim stages of development were available. However, the compact nature of the deposit, the reported barge release positions, the CDM to UDM ratio, and the results of the benthic recolonization survey over CLIS 95 suggest the UDM deposit has been completely capped. Continued monitoring of the CLIS 95 mound is not a necessity, but the collection of bathymetric data over the next one to two years will add to our understanding of long-term consolidation patterns within capped dredged material disposal mounds. The benthic conditions, as characterized by REMOTS® sediment-profile photography, indicate rapid benthic community recovery over the surface of the CLIS 95 mound. The OSI values calculated for the CLIS 95 mound met or exceeded that of the reference areas, facilitated by a higher organic content within the newly deposited sediments. Periodic monitoring of the infaunal community occupying the surface sediments of the CLIS 95 mound is recommended for the next several years to ensure that a decline in benthic conditions does not occur. The continuing REMOTS® benthic community assessment for the centers of CLIS 94 and NHAV 93 indicates significant improvement over the majority of historic disposal mounds. However, some reduction in the quality of the benthic environment was detected at several stations, relative to the September 1995 survey. Stations 100N and 100S over CLIS 94 and Station 200N over NHAV 93 displayed lower OSI values in comparison to 1995 results, as well as indications of a low DO environment despite higher dissolved oxygen concentrations in the central Long Island Sound region. The decline in habitat quality at these stations may be attributed to high SOD rather than a hypoxic event in the overlying water. Barring a dramatic disturbance, complete benthic recovery should be achieved within the next few years as continued chemical oxidation and increased biological activity dissipate the organic load within the sediment deposits. Monitoring of Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 62 the benthic environment over the CLIS 94 and NHAV 93 mounds should continue for the next one to two years. The bathymetric data collected over the CLIS 94, NHAV 93, and MQR mounds during the July 1996 field operations adds to the comprehensive time-series data set currently in existence for CLIS. Comparisons to earlier stages of development for the capped mounds find small to moderate pockets of consolidation over the surfaces of the three bottom features, suggesting the long-term behavior patterns are in agreement with the results of previous consolidation studies (Poindexter-Rollings 1990; Silva et al. 1994). All three mounds are expected to consolidate slowly over the next five to ten years as gradual pore water extrusion and compression of the underlying ambient material are driven by the weight of the dredged material deposits. It is recommended that bathymetric data be collected over the NHAV 93 mound on an every other year basis for the next five to ten years as the disposal mound fully consolidates to enhance our understanding of the physical processes and effects of consolidation within large sediment deposits. Results from the July 1996 REMOTS® sediment-profile photography survey indicate that all three reference areas exhibited healthy benthic conditions as demonstrated by deep RPDs and mature benthic assemblages, yielding relatively high reference OSI values. However, one replicate photograph collected at STA 9, within a 300m of the center of CLIS-REF, exhibited an anomalous pocket of low reflectance material within a chaotic sediment fabric. Benthic disturbances that display these characteristics are often related to the deposition of non-ambient sediments, but are usually more widespread. The presence of a large macrofaunal burrow structure and the localized nature of this disturbance may suggest another origin. A detailed investigation of the seafloor surrounding STA 9 is recommended during the 1997 environmental monitoring effort at CLIS to better characterize these sediments. Past DAMOS monitoring activity at the Long Island Sound disposal sites was performed in mid-summer (late July to August) to allow an increase in bottom water temperatures to increase bioturbational activity and promote benthic community recovery after the conclusion of the disposal season. This practice tended to promote the completion of community assessment activities during a period of seasonal hypoxia or near-hypoxia (5.0 mg-I' to 3.0 mg:1'), skewing the entire data set. Comparisons between the July 1996 benthic community assessment survey and previous data sets suggest that the improvement in benthic health is attributed to conducting community assessment survey operations in mid-July. The timing of 1996 survey activity at CLIS was successful in avoiding the recurring seasonal hypoxia in the central Long Island Sound region. As a result, the data collected during this survey did not exhibit the profoundly negative effects associated with the lower bottom water DO concentrations. The continued practice of conducting benthic Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 63 community assessment activities at CLIS and other Long Island Sound disposal sites between 30 June and 15 July should provide a more realistic perspective into the condition of the benthic environment. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 64 6.0 REFERENCES Cole, M. S. 1998. Monitoring cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, September 1997. Draft report submitted to US Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, Waltham, MA. Fredette, T. J. 1994. Disposal site capping management: New Haven Harbor. Reprinted from Dredging '94, Proceedings of the Second International Conference, November 13-16, 1994. US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Germano, J. D.; Rhoads, D. C.; Lunz, J. D. 1994. An integrated, tiered approach to monitoring and management of dredged material disposal sites in the New England region. DAMOS Contribution No. 87 (SAIC Report No. 7575&234). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Long Island Sound Study (LISS). 1990. Status report and interim actions for hypoxia management. US Environmental Protection Agency, Region I, Boston, MA and Region II, New York, NY. Morris, J. T. 1996. DAMOS site management plans. SAIC Report No. 365. US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Morris, J. T. 1997. Monitoring cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, September 1995. DAMOS Contribution No. 118 (SAIC Report No. 373). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, Waltham, MA. Morris, J. T.; Tufts, G. J. 1997. Monitoring cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1994. DAMOS Contribution No. 117 (SAIC Report No. 327). Final report submitted to the US Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, Waltham, MA. Morris, J. T.; Charles, J.; Inglin, D. 1996. Monitoring surveys of the New Haven capping project, 1993-1994. DAMOS Contribution No. 111 (SAIC Report No. 319). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Murray, P. M. 1996. Recolonization of the Mill-Quinnipiac River disposal mound (MQR): Results of a REMOTS® survey, August 1992. DAMOS Contribution No. 104 (SAIC Report No. C107). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 65 Murray, P. M.; Selvitelli, P. 1996. DAMOS navigation and bathymetry standard operating procedures. SAIC Report No. 290. US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. NOAA. 1991. Second summary of data on chemical contaminants in sediments from the National Status and Trends Program. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Tech. Mem. NOS OMA 59. Rockville, MD. Parker, J. H.; Revelas, E. C. 1989. 1985 Monitoring surveys at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site: An assessment of impacts from disposal and Hurricane Gloria. DAMOS Contribution No. 57 (SAIC Report No. SAIC-87/751 & C57). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Poindexter-Rollings, M. E. 1990. Methodology for analysis of subaqueous sediment mounds. Tech. Report D-90-2. US Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Rhoads, D. C.; Tenore, K., Browne, M. 1975. The role of resuspended bottom mud in nutrient cycles of shallow embayments. Estuarine Research, Vol. I. 563-579. Rhoads, D. C.; Germano, J. D. 1982. Characterization of organism-sediment relations using sediment-profile imaging: An effective method of Remote Ecological Monitoring of the Seafloor (REMOTS® System). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 8:115-128. Rhoads, D. C.; Germano, J. D. 1986. Interpreting long-term changes in benthic community structure: A new protocol. Hydrobiologia 142:291-308. SAI. 1979. Stamford-New Haven disposal operation: Monitoring survey report. DAMOS Contribution No. 1. US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. SAIC. 1995. Sediment capping of subaqueous dredged material disposal mounds: An overview of the New England experience, 1979-1993. DAMOS Contribution No. 95 (SAIC Report No. SAIC-90/7573&C84). US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Waltham, MA. Silva, A. J.; Brandes, H. G.; Uchytil, C. J.; Fredette, T. J.; Carey, D. 1994. Geotechnical analysis of capped dredged material mounds. Reprinted from Dredging '94, Proceedings of the Second International Conference, November 13-16, 1994. Monitoring Cruise at the Central Long Island Sound Disposal Site, July 1996 i rin aerobic, 21 azoic, 21] barge, vill, 4, 6, 7, 14, 20, 61 disposal, 20 benthos, viii, 1x, x, 7, 8, 13, 20, 21, 23, 30, 40, 45, 47, 50, 51, 54, 58, 61, 62 ampeliscids, 51 amphipod, 21 bivalve, 21 deposit feeder, 21 macro-, 21 polychaete, 21, 47, 50 bioassay, 51 bioturbation, 30, 47, 50, 51 feeding void, 21 foraging, 47, 51 Black Rock Harbor, 6, 7 body burden bioassay, 51 boundary roughness, 20, 30, 36, 45 buoy, viii, 4, 7, 13, 14 disposal, 14 capping, viii, ix, 1, 4, 6, 7, 30, 50, 58 Central Long Island Sound (CLIS) FVP, 47 MQR, viii, ix, x, 4, 6, 7, 9, 14, 40, 62 Norwalk (NOR), 1, 4, 30 chemical oxygen demand (COD), 51, 54, 61 conductivity, 11 consolidation, viii, ix, x, 9, 14, 23, 30, 36, 40, 58, 61, 62 containment, ix, 1, 6, 56, 58 contaminant, | CTD meter, 11 deposition, ix, x, 6, 14, 20, 40, 56, 58 detritus, 51 disposal site Central Long Island Sound (CLIS), viii, ix, x, 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 20, 21, 23, 30, 36, 40, 45, 47, 50, 54, 56, 58, 61, 62 dissolved oxygen (DO), ix, 20, 21, 23, 30, 40, 46, 47, 50, 54, 61 feeding void, 21 grain size, 20, 23, 36, 45 INDEX habitat, 7, 54, 61 hypoxia, x, 47, 50 methane, 21, 30, 40 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 1, 11, 13 nutrients, x, 51 organics, 51, 54 oxidation, 20, 47, 51, 54 recolonization, vili, 13, 20, 23, 30, 36, 50, 51 recruitment, 50 reference area, 8, 13, 20, 45, 47, 54, 61, 62 reference station, 45 REMOTS®, viii, ix, 4, 9, 13, 20, 21, 23, 36, 40, 45, 47, 50, 51, 54, 61, 62 boundary roughness, 20, 30, 36, 45 Organism-Sediment Index (OSI), viii, 21, 30, 40, 46, 47, 50, 51, 61, 62 redox potential discontinuity (RPD), 21 RPD REMOTSS®, redox potential discontinuity (RPD), viii, ix, 21, 30, 40, 45, 47, 50, 51, 62 sediment clay, 23, 58 sand, 20, 40 silt, x, 20, 23, 40, 58 shore station, 9 stratigraphy, 20, 23, 36, 45 succession pioneer stage, 21, 50 successional stage, 21, 30, 45, 47 survey baseline, 23, 36, 45, 54 bathymetry, viil, ix, x, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 23, 30, 36, 40, 56, 58, 61, 62 postdisposal, 21 REMOTSS®, 13, 36, 40, 45, 51 temperature, x, 11 tide, 11, 13 topography, 7, 9, 14 toxicity, 51 trace metals, 1 waves, |] Appendix A aly ay eet ui) ‘oy Oy taasaatl® vii ark ' ? noite ik Near an tea 4 ain it y : i) 1 ee y it 1 - v : : ( we i are uN f r H mn a ie : Aeron x i re ; pega | i ; \ i i i , { i 1 ed ; if th: ih iI ay , ’ ut Ws i f i : M ae Lae) i Ay i 5 i if aa a A ' ik Pan ven ati De iS We Mi 1 mal J re Meese a f Jey nll VAS ery aeRO Appendix A, Table 2-1 CLIS REMOTS® Camera Stations CLIS 1996 REMOTS® Stations North American Datum of 1927 Area Station Latitude Longitude 72° 53.042° 72° 53.042’ 72° 53.042° 72° 53.042° CLIS 1995 MOUND 08.605 72° 53.042° 41° 08.660° N 41° 08.551" N |72° 53.042° 72° 53.042° W 72° 53.042° 72° 52.970° 72° 52.899" 72° 52.827" 72° 53.113° 72° 53.184" 72° 53.256" & ra Zz eer urease SSSSssseseeeeeze= 72° 55.697° W 2500W 72° 55.593° W 41° 09.254" N 72° 55.547° W 72° 55.569 W 72° 55.508° W 72° 50.551° W 4500E 72° 50.424° W 41° 09.254° N 72° 50.430° W 72° 50.565° W 72° 50.575° W 72° 50.1127 W CLISREF 72° 50.154° W 41° 08.085° N 72° 50.015° W 72° 50.109° W 72° 50.064° W Ww 72° 50.092° 72° 53.453" 72° 53.453" NHAV 1993 MOUND 72° 53.453° 41° 09.122° N 72° 53.310° 72° 53.453° W 1253:596" 72° 53.099" 72° 53.099" 72° 53.099° 72° 53.028" M2uOS Vil CLIS 1994 MOUND 41° 09.343" N 72° 53.099° W See ee SS eee Appendix A, Table 3-1 REMOTS® Parameters Summary Table for the CLIS 95 Disposal Mound Station MeanRPD MedianOS!I Mean Camera Mean Boundary (cm) Penetration (cm) Roughness (cm) Appendix A, Table 3-2 REMOTS® Parameters Summary Table for the CLIS 94 Disposal Mound Station Mean RPD Median OSI Mean Camera Mean Boundary (cm) Penetration (cm) Roughness (cm) Appendix A, Table 3-3 REMOTS® Parameters Summary Table for the NHAV 93 Disposal Mound Station Mean RPD Median OSI Mean Camera Mean Boundary (cm) Penetration (cm) Roughness (cm) Appendix A, Table 3-4 REMOTS® Parameters Summary Table for the CLIS Reference Areas REMOTS® Parameters Summary Table CLIS Reference Areas Station MeanRPD MedianOSIl MeanCamera Mean Boundary (cm) Penetration (cm) Roughness (cm) gaan ea i vayihe re anatase ey eet Appendix B Tea oe es YS lUjnW'MonNG|euNyo2ewW'dSO ON L30NI tb ve sect Seal t) 0 ve ve c TNOVLS SBNIL a) NOE WS 1Se12 120M pamnpa'dDG ON WOISAHd § 890 €2Si SSbi ez4 ' v< p< € ES SBIL 8 Noor Saqry papuens jeumsoss'enw enn'ddO ON TWIISAHd 0 0 re bs GR ris SBE v M0Or Lill BE)S Uidap Je aIpYINS "POA Padseyor’mouNg|euNeoIIeW'GSO ON I130NI ZL 0 0 ve ve t WOTIS 96 Ee) YWS'PIOA Buipaay @NHE'dGDG ON IINZDOI8 8 () 0 be be € Nor41s c) SPYINS'SPOA Padseiioa PEMNVE'dOG ON INZODOI8 OL Y) 0 be pe £ norris v ws'd90 ON I30N) @ oF + ve ve et NOTIS SBINL 3 Praye) 2snjow'pOA padseyod aqissod'doDQ ON INZDOIG LZ t) r) ve r< e Noras 8 Ldap je suuom'spOA@NDe'dDQ ON DINZDOIB 0 0 ve G NoTis v THO PO VUS Bey ays oie) ‘sp{OK Bulpaa) eNO GOO ON 130Ni 6 ON ost pew o 0 ve € WOTIS SBI 2 WG Pious Udappiu suOM'eMolNA jeuNejo/IRW'dSO ON _JIN39OI OF ON veo 6ibi SZEh o o be be £ HOTS a WS'Od¥ UIPOA®NHR'GDO ON INZDOIG Ob ON s f90 709) 6tSI 0 0 ve be e NOTIS 9B By) POA'LOdY UO Jems \sej219dMK'GDG ON WOIISAHd OF ON Ce) leo 6r9l = BN ot 0 t) ve ve £ no TAs 8 FUS'OdY UNsaiydAau'sueaseumiay Jo eIUINW'dOG ON _IWOISAHd O} ON £ 8 9 Ve seen sez ) 0 ve £ No ris v SpyINS (Gay USED Paonpar)joewe eewedOO ON WOISAHd & ON L SL 9 0 Sel FSI ° 0 ve G "As Se NL 9 soUnU Uo aAGNA He WYS'UMdapp WIOM'dOG ON WOISAHd 8 ON 0 t) Cy) west elt 189) COSI t) 0 ve & WOTIs 96Nte a yusndapi@wiom'd0 ON AZONI_ 8. ON o 0 0 esSi eO 9Si ESI o Q £olp £ HOLS 96NNiL v Vid PO>PUINS WS Wdap I@POACNIEGOO ON IWOISAHd @ ON SP 39F elz 6ibi 90 Sri Bel 0) 0 ve € OTIS SBE By WO ProuRays eswer'dd ON WOISAHd @ ON t) ° £05) 80 wrS! 19b1 190 t ve € HOTAS SBI 8 CHG Pro'urdap je UUOM' OA Buipaaj @NE'GDG ON L3GNI—«6. ON 969 stp pep) Sol abl Zach 0 0 be GC NOTIS 96/1 wv WIG PxO'S)SE}2 JadUA paonpas SpjoA Buipaaj @Mj2e'GOG ON IWOISAHd Ob ON 0 0 wh zeh | 29h 50 0 ve e WOTLS S6NNL B) CHO PO'WS'UdappU OA @MIDe'dOO ON 130Ni @ ON 0) 0 e990 seb oes t) ° ve c HOTAS 96NNIL 8 VIO PIO'WUS'Wasse | Bels’MoUNG’spOABANZe'dSG ON 9IN3DOIG O14 ON o 0 o90 4091 SrSt 0 0 be & NOTUS 96/NN/L v WS'Lenpeyfuuesys eiewesdod ON 130NI 66 ‘ON 0) 0 veo 8086) | 698 0 t) be € 130NI SB/NIIL Ey FUS'UMoliNg dep je OA OMIDB'GDG ON TWOISAHd 6 ON l s 690 Sti zeel 0 C) Cop € HOES genie a VWOIS/AHdP prs Wiom'MoIING JRUNF|OIIeWLeWeqinisip eswWeD AeMeind ‘o2eJINs UO FS: d90 ON WOISAHd 66 ON oO 0 60 lSth e908 Al C) ve z BS 96 IL v d9G «ON WOISAHd & On o o xo est zest so (3 i 2 c NOLS 96BI/L a vus'doWwOi'dod ON = 130) 65 ON s sz col zor ash 0 0 ve c HOT IS ound bs) 2G 4Ysay'a6e\9 GNI UadieAo'doG ON —LZONI _—66 ON 0 0 O rll LF 0 0 re t 130N! got Jeucso1a'juawBey uays' dy Mmleys'dOG S3A IWOISAHd Zc ON [) ti) CTA ave aot ) ) ve G is 96BIL 9 vus'uidap je Poa Buipaay'gdG=ON =DINZDOI8 LZ ON 0 t) 60 921 19th t) ° ve e WHOIS g6B1I 4 Gay Aywiedws'dod ON 130NI ON t) 0 eb sszh Se 0 ) re € BY BNL 3 TWOISAHAS LW PrOLIeUqSO1a aqn) papuENs j>eIYe Jays B/W Uap |e POA eAE'GSO ON IWOISAHd L ON £61 1SO P66 GI 0 0 70 let Sot 0 0 ve e HOTIS 961 B) CHO PO FUSLauoWaue pajreijay'yidap Je POA Buipaaj awiDe'HIdHIAO'dIO ON 130Ni 66 ON vN VN vN vN t) 0 0 xO SH t) t) Cor b< e NOTLS S6tI/L 8 Hid Pio" D0ge) Paiakey'urdap je LOM pa}2a8P'dOd ON DIN3DOIB_ @ ON 691 ez zor 292 €% ) 0 70 Split 2891 t) o Lop be € NOVAS 96tNL v LROAONIIBWWS'dSO ON I130Ni 8 ON 6st rz ct) ta G ze a t6i soo zal 0 t) ve ve G THOTIS SBN B) PAOA yseiz/ay UO MOIING'dDG ON WOISAHd ¥ ON siz re 9L0 = Sz9ez 0 0 Cho oipth thon C) C) cop b< e Was SOIL 8 SpyiNs Jo SayD}ed PYOA pajeuaBAxo pasdeor'dOO ON IWOISAHd ON 60 99% to ssh oO 0 Wz 98% 9h 0h t) o be re & FNOTAS Sette v 0g sseuyonoy uean xen UW aly ueay ew xen UW way Ueay ebuey KeW UW wWegBAy lunoD pO leN XEN UW 6eiS SyuaUWOD =O] eens ISO eUENay SSeUXUL Ody Waleddy SSOUXHUL PUNOgaY xopay SSOUAAUL [eVa}EW PaBpaig uoyenauag eamwed siseia Po (nd) as eID leuorssazong = aie ayerday = vouris punoW C6 SITIO 9) Wo Bed eS LON q xipuoddy Appendix C adeyNs Uo sjsej9 pamnpas'doQ ON WOISAHd ZL 0 0 z v< ve € NO FAS 96/bN/L ) Moot sysejo Jadu paonpas'oipyins'g9Q ON 4I30NI 66 ON 0 0 0 Zz v< v< c ris Q6/b W/L 8 ougej pasahe)‘oIpyins'W Pio PaaAe|'qdQ ON DINASOIB S 9 7 0 v< v< c ris S6/b VL W sajoqied payos ym pion Buipaay'gdg 130NI Y el 6 tt) v< v< c FNO TLS Q6/IN/L a WG Plo jo suadey‘DIpyins:'qoQ OINZ9OI8 + ON 0 0 0 < y< £ ris S6/b NL ] dOO'WO Age) pasahe| OIN39018 or 6 0 v< v< £ PNOT 1S 96/bN/L v Ody Ayried:aaepins uo s)sejo' WW Plo Jo JaAe|' dO WOISAHd 0 0 0 e991 = SO € ¥< ¥< c ris 96/K VL 9 ysey 11948'Gdy Ayried'ddd SHA WOISAHd }- ON 0" z ze e6t ) t) ve ve c ris Q6INNIL a W/S'H®YS PUe WG PIO Jo SuaAe/'GOq AWOISAHd 0 0 0 zoll «60 ‘ £01 gy te t tis O6/N NL v PlonMoung'indap je WioM'gdy Jeaus Jada’ gog WOISAHd 0 0 0 vio 0 0 vw < c PNO TLS 96/b VL ce) du Jo }soW sasnosqgo sjsejo sad paonpay'oipyinsigdG ON WOIISAHd 66 ON 0 0 0 1st 990 £ v< ve c TNO TLS 96/NI/L a ouge) pasahe|'W/S‘9Ipyins'doG QINZ9018 0 0 0 0 c (is SB/I NL v 2Ipy|ns:Moung pasdejoo'gdy MojeYys'q9g WWOISAHd 0 0 0 0 e ris SEIN VIL re) SIpY|NS'aoepns je Ssep parnpa'ddG ON 13CNI ON 0 tt) tt) cos} t£0 8 6ES) 99PF ©6690 z ¥< v< G ris Q6/b L/L a (adap je Moung'spion Bulpaay‘a1pyins'goq WOISAHd 0 0 0 € PNO TLS 96/bI/L v OG sseuyBnoy xew UW eay uray xeW UIW ueaw xew UW eany ebuey = xe UW «weigBAy jun0D §apoW few xeW UW abels juawwod MOF aENS SO eUeWaW ssaujriut dy juaseddy ssaunrj4y, punogay xopay ssauyaiy jeuajeyy pabpaig uonenauag elawed s}Se|9 PNW (\yd) azig ues leuoissas9ng = ajeq_—sajeaiiday uogeis punoW 76 SITIO 94} wor Bed eS LONAY JQ xipueddy Aye Reape ae Appendix D IpYINS:sploA Bulpaay'goq WOISAHd 8 szzt re eel 22h 0 t) ¥< ve € IWNOTIS 96/812 Q SIPYINS' dy U! Seo 4adua paonpai'pion aI1)'ddq ON WOISAHd » ON Oplt 850 SLLbo abet £10 z € PNO TLS 96/2 a WS‘2}PYINs'doQ ON _13GNI 6 eso ez4i_ vat ) € WW NOTis _g6/tie v W/S‘IPYINS'g5Q L3QNI y v bl 1€0 SSL pz bh 0 0 t ris O6/N NIL re) \sej9 Jad paonpasigdap piu je pion‘sipyins'gog ON WWOISAHd 8 t € WNO TLS 96/K1/L g spiospAy'sBey 1/24s!21pyINs'dDG ON WOISAHd 9 C) € is SE/b VL Vv SploupAy'aaepns je |iays'o1pyins'go9Q ON OINSOOI & 88h 40 6688 66L aL a) c e ris SB/N NIL ce) SIPYINS W/S'SP[OA Buipaay pasde|joo'qog 13Q0NI 8 9c0 | a 7 0 t) € IWNO TLS — 96/bI/L 8 20d MOjAq PIoA Buipaay')|| aBejs aiqissod 'qoq OINBDOI8 ¢£ 1 S691 S6Si 0 0 £ Mis S6/b NL V opyinsieaws adm'ipyins'gdqQ ON OINS9OIG S6st 620061 SI 0 0 € 96/N NL fe) 92e]1NS \se/9 13dim padnpar'aipyins'g9G ON WWOIISAHd € ON £9ri 620 £0S1 verb ir) 2 c ris S6/NA/L ) PIOA dHas'OIPYINS'dOGQ ON OINIOOIa ¢ zg zyO 1691 6y9h 0 0 c ris S6/N VL v SPOspAY'iSe)9 Jad padnpay'oipyins'plon Bulpaay:dOG ON IWOISAHd 2S St 4vO0 92S 62S) £91 € € WWNO TLS 96/bN/ 9 SPIOPAY'oIpyins:adepns je ysef Jad paonpai'gog TWOISAHd vivh 250 =o ht BEL ssh ‘ £ ris 96/N VL a ESPIOIPAY'SPIOA‘DIPYINS'dOQ 9IN39OI8 v2S) 60 LSE wh 0 () £ WW NOT 4S 96/bI/2 Vv OG ssauyBnoy ueaw xeW UW eany ueayw xew UW ueay xew uw eany ueayy eBuey =xew UN WeIQBAy junod §=apoy lew xeW ul abels S|UaWWOD MOF a2eyng = |SO euemay, SS8U¥I141 Ody juaieddy S88aUx2IU) PUNOgay xopay SSAUXIIY) [eLa}eW pabpaig uonegauag esawed s)Se/9 pny (1yd) azig ulein {euolssaoons aieg ajeaiday uogejs PUNO £6 AVHN SITD oy) Woy vied gSLOWAY q xipusddy Appendix E @depNs je Seqny'[Evo|SOJO' MOLING jeUNejoeW e61e) ON TYIISAHd L ON 0 0 0) o [eer zt 697s LOM 0 0 ve ve € NOTIS 96mliL 3 elWis e2epns eeu (ZW Pio)ysep pemnpes ON DIN3DOIG 6 ON 0) t) () 0) f6bh €0 oz ati 220 € ve p< € NOTIS genie GC elvis SpIOA pesde|ioxX2WOPI9) dy UI Sse JedeApernpes ON = 13QNI y ON 0) () t) oO | gezt 960 vezi sett S60 y ve p< b ris seid = 8 ews 2421 1d Buipeay'tadep ye spion Buipeo) ON 130NI 6 ON } 0 fe) ie) seek 190 «I2hb OPE tt) fe) be be & WNOTLS = 96/FL Vv eis AVMW11Nd'(2WOPIO)dY UI SISe}2 PeoMpeizjeuoiIso!e ON TWOISAHd » ON 0 0 t) o |zvib treo zee soot zz z be v< £ ris wi = Ziwis leaisAyd plo’2uqey 2goeY>!e2epNs ye MOLING 10 jd Guipes)'WsmeBIO AYA iAdep IE PION ON TvOISAHd 8 ON 0 0 0 Oo jects ZO sath oth ShE £ ve vo ve I NOVAS O6UNIL a ZWAS SPIOA CULO UIIIPYS COS ON DINZDOIG S ON t) t) ty) O jezts geo apie Zub t) 0) vec p< € ris wk ZhW1s 2qny indep 18 suo AuA BpIOA 0AQ2= ~ON INSDOIG O} ON 0 0) ty) 0 ecth €0 sath loth 0 ty) v< ve € rNOTLS 96 = 9 WWwis Lpunow Bupesyiadep ye wiom ON TWOISAHd 6 ON ty) t) 0 t) esos 4ob 4Olh =O £60 iy ve ve € NOTIS 961i. 88 siwis Jevoisoso'Aej/S'Qdy UI |EUBJEW peqnpes KOS ON WOISAHd € ON 0) ty) 0 0 z7$6 980 S66 606 0) 0 be p< € ras C1 nd biwis Nous ewos'e2epns ye 1Se12 Peonpes'ddy MolIeysZII| CBS eqIssod ON 130NI € ON ° 0 Oo 0) 1eZh 990 pa zk BEE 60 ' be ve ec 130NI HNIIL ows emounaypion Buipes) Mo|jeys!erepNs je sep peonpesj2eWe ON DINIDOIG OF ON 0 0 0 o jeez eo cel orzi cht ‘ r< be € WNOTIS oie 8 Owls DIpYINS'ZelUNW'seqnyspion Buipeajengr® ON JIN3SOIB 8 ON ti) (i) to) ° 406 70 “26 SLB to) i) ve ve € ris SEIN IL Vv Owls Aepysceqny Buipas).ii| 663 egissod ON 130N| =S ON v) O) t) o | eso! €80 eb Lvor t) ty) be ve € ris gee = 6vIS (gyoejque exewer)pion pasdesoo'igdep ye pion ergoejoe8pe ON INZOOIG 6 ON 0 ) i) 0 vezt iyo loch 92 0 to) We ve € WNOTLS 96/N/L 8 6v1S ouqey 990849 ZO 4S8y'Gdy Jo Buueaws WOISAHd 68 “bl NSE IGZ «9 zOZ | tebL «OZ CEE OAL C) 0 be be € 1BONI 6/NIIL 6vis 334119 tadep ye aipyins'gdy deep 13GNI 99 = (ON 8 Z 0 tt) t) 0 90 9b! eset 50 1 ve € ris gL avis esowe kqunop peSBexp euoweus ON WOISAHd S$ ON 0 0 0) o ° C) 0) es0 e6zb iret t) 0) be ec ris suiiie = 8 avis (2asip so MeEQ)OUQes 8/Z7zNd Indep je suOM'SPIOA @AQoe AUEW ON 430NI 6 ON ° t) to) to) t) to) ti) €.0 eck vel 0 ° ve € NOT AS S6/NI/L v evils Ody Ayried'jjeys eLuos'eseyms je 15e/9 JoduA poonpes'spioA Buipooj oAg28 ON 130N1 4 @ = =9ON o () C) t) t) C) C) €£0 G6rS! 9Lbt CY) ° be € PNO TLS SBI E) vis LM011Ng'se}2Ned PoyOs LAMA SpioA Buiposj OADE ON 130NI 8 ~—OON s 9 y t) t) 0) t) Siz I9€L OPtb = 60 ‘ be e PNO TLS S6/LIIL 8 vis Hous ewos'gdy jo Buueows ewos ON DIN3DOIG 4 ON zp 165 ige t) t) 0) 0) sz0 e%St J6¥1 Cy) ty) ve e ris geile ov vis 2WO PIO'ddH Mojleys'oIPYINS ~ON WOISAHd € ON 0 0) t) C) tt) oO 0) £90 6801 901 t) t) be £ ris Seti ) vis L118 ey’ Plo"Adep je plon'tjeys'eoepns UO sisel>'o1pyINs ON TWOISAHd @ ON 0 Cy) C) C) 0) 0) C) gyz 95Zh 40} 950 y ve € PNO TLS Seb 8 gvis 2Ipyins'SplowpAy'spion Guipeej eng2e ON WIISAHd 8 ON 0 0 ° 0 t) 0 0 890 ler 6zHh t) ty) ve € PNOTIS 96/INL gvis ESPIOA'EUOISOJ8'Qdy U! ISEP Peonpas'pes U) SBey |Jeys'O1PYINS ON 130Ni =» ON to) ty) t) t) () C) 0) zob e6zh eth = eS0 1 be € ris SEL 2 svis aipyins'eaeyns ye Aepjosiseo ON WOISAHd £ ON () 0) 0 C) 0 t) t) ist pbzh usok et 1 be € 1s see 8 svis \adap je suuOM'oipyins ON 130Ni Ob ON t) t) t) 0 t) 0) t) y60 6L8 SBL ty) 0) re € INoTis gee ov svis 300Sr OINSOOIBER Peonpes WuA(UMOp Be/p Jo) Mong jeUNejo/IeW's}o)jod }eDaj IM jon eAgo® ON DINZOOIB = L ON to) () fi) fi) 4Ovpl P60 Grrh HSE 590 € be p< € PNO 11S SB/IN/L 2 pvls pion Bupos) pasdesoo'Qgy deepz|i| eBais eiggssod ON SINSJSOIG = S ON to) to) 0 Ci) seh L9b BCwh bL2b 0 0 be ve € is SEMI. i) bys seqny | e635 esuep'yd Buipoa)'indep ie pion Buipaoy ON 130N| Ob = ON 0 ) to) t) Shh ZrO pL bh Ze RE ft) i) ve ve € PHOT LS 96/biL v bvls Lup pjo'splon @rgoe'AudesBodo) Burdors S34 TWOISAHd 72 ON 0 0 ti) t) 76 66S 62h £69 0 i) ve v< € TNO NLS g96/bI/d fo) tvis Seqny | 6644s esuepy ya} e6pe ewey je spior'||| CBs eqIssod ON TYIISAHd Pb» ON t) 0 Cy) t) giz} tv LB Zh SZ 0 0 ve ve € ris geil = a evis spiouphy'moung jeuneyosx2ew'indep jez esnyoey J0 pion Buipoaj @AQ2e ON 43QNI 6 ON fn) 0 oO i) er) 890 Ort 96E 0 i) pe ve € TNO TLS S6/KK/L Vv evis Heys eWOS'W/S"WAdep je pion Buipee) @Ag2e = ON 43QNI c) ON (o) 0 0) t) 4oeh €L0 pret 22h to) fo) be be € TNO TLS 96/bNL fa) zis ‘Weys ewos'seqny;eBesesuep ON 9IN3D0IG@ S$ ON 0 ty) 0 0 | 99h) 910 bLbL ascot 0) t) be re € ris SEINE 8 mis Jeuoisose'tndep ye pion’ ON 430NI 8 ON i) fy) oO t) eLik Le 99Ch «686 0 i) be bec € PNO TIS SINE v tis sey jieys'tadop ye spon eagze ON SIN39OIG 8 ON tt) 0 t) Oo jeter she sees 792 ti) 0 ve be € rNOTIS gait 9 iwis Jevoisouo'eucwoue unop pabBerp'sseuy8nos Aepunog ON TWOISAHd 6 ON C) 0 ty) t) ezih 890 Z91) FeO! 840 ty) ve be £ PNOTIS getiie 6 Wis Jeuoisose'iadep je 2Ipyins'seqny | e6eys'splon Buipoo) ongre WOISAHd $b ON 0 0) 0 0) ezth 890 Z91b 60h ty) 0 ve be € PNOTUS geiko wis 30052 ‘sseuy6noy ueen xew UW eory ueoW ew UW ueOW xeW UW eory ueoy obuey = xeW UI WeigBAy unod opow lew xe UW 26S SjueURLOD =MO7 eens ISO SUeOW SSeUx241 Ody juseddy SSOUXINYI PUNogoy xopoy SSeUXrIUL [eUa}e\y PaBPIIQ uogegeueg esawed 518219 POW (1yd) ezig vie, jeuoissovons = eq ajesiday = uoge|S Sealy IDUdIIJOY STTO sy) Wo eed eS LOWY q xipusddy ‘ x Appendix F Loe Beri i permittee CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD CITY OF MILFORD SHELL OIL CO Appendix F, Table 1 Summary of UDM Disposal at the CDA 95 buoy disparea_dispdate wtd ytd ztd latdeg MILFORD HARBOR 02-Oct-95 0 26545 43996.2 0 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 03-Oct-95 150455 te) 43996.1 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 03-Oct-95 0 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 04-Oct-95 0} 26544.9 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 05-Oct-95 0 265449 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 07-Oct-95 0 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 07-Oct-95 0 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 08-Oct-95 ie) 26544.9 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 08-Oct-95 ie) 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 09-Oct-95 ie) 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 10-Oct-95 0) 26544.9 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 11-Oct-95 0 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 12-Oct-95 ie) 265449 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 13-Oct-95 0 26545 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 13-Oct-95 0 265449 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS = 16-Oct-95 ie) 26544.8 439959 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 16-Oct-95 0 26544.9 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 17-Oct-95 ie) 265448 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 18-Oct-95 ie) 26544.9 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 18-Oct-95 (0) 265449 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 19-Oct-95 0 265448 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 19-Oct-95 0 26544.8 43996.1 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 20-Oct-95 0 265448 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 23-Oct-95 ie) 265448 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 24-Oct-95 ie) 265449 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 25-Oct-95 ie) 265448 43996 0 41 MILFORD HARBOR CLIS 25-Oct-95 ie) 26545 439961 0 41 SHELL OIL MARINE TERMINALDOCK CLIS = 11-Nov-95 = 15045.7 ie) 43996 0 41 latmin longdeg longmin 8668 72 53.093 8664 72 53,055 8666 72 53.043 8666 72 53.043 8.664 72 53.055 8664 72 53.055 8666 72 53.043 8664 72 53.055 8664 72 53.055 8666 72 53.043 8.664 72 53.055 8.666 72 53.043 8.664 72 53.055 8666 72 53.043 8656 72 53.034 8666 72 53.043 8669 72 53.03 8.666 72 53.043 8.666 72 53.043 8669 72 53.03 8.681 72 53.027 8669 72 53,03 8669 72 53.03 8666 72 53.043 8669 72 53.03 8.677. 72 53.051 8651 72 53.118 Total UDM ya Total UDM m? 600 625 975 700 600 700 550 575 975 825 725 700 975 775 750 700 800 600 600 750 625 700 775 800 875 650 1875 21300 16285.98 Appendix F, Table 2 Summary of CDM Deposition at the CDA 95 buoy permittee Project disparea_ dispdate wtd ytd ztd latdeg latmin longdeg longmin ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER 30-Oct-95 [e) 43996 [o) ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 31-Oct-95 0) 26545.2 43996 Qo 41 8.659 72 53.079 875 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 31-Oct-95 ie) 26545.3 43996 Oo 41 8.656 72 53.091 925 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 01-Nov-95 0 26545.2 43996 Oo 41 8.659 72 53.079 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 01-Nov-95 0 26545.3 43996 Oo 41 8.656 72 53.091 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 02-Nov-95 te) 26545.2 43996 Oo 41 8.659 72 53.079 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 02-Nov-95 fe) 26544.8 43996 Oo 41 8.669 72 53.03 850 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 03-Nov-95 fe) 26545 43996 Oo 641 8.664 72 53.055 850 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 06-Nov-95 ie) 265448 439961 0 41 8.681 72 53.027 875 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 06-Nov-95 ie) 26544.9 43996 Oo 41 8.666 72 53.043 900 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 08-Nov-95 0 26545 43996 Oo 41 8.664 72 53.055 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 08-Nov-95 (0) 265449 43996 0 41 8.666 72 53.043 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 09-Nov-95 0 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 09-Nov-95 io) 26545 43996 Oo 41 8.664 72 53.055 1000 SHELL OIL CO SHELL OIL MARINE TERMINAL DOCK = CLIS 12-Nov-95 15045.7 ie) 43996 Oo 41 8.651 72 53.118 1400 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 13-Nov-95 1°) 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 1000 SHELL OIL CO SHELL OIL MARINE TERMINAL DOCK CLIS 16-Nov-95 15045.7 ie} 43996 Oo 41 8.651 72 53.118 1200 SHELL OIL CO SHELL OIL MARINE TERMINAL DOCK —CLIS 16-Nov-95 15045.7 ie} 43996 Oo 41 8.651 72 53.118 1100 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 16-Nov-95 i°) 26545 43996 Oo 41 8.664 72 53.055 875 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 17-Nov-95 15045.5 26545 0 Oo 641 8.607 72 53.072 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 17-Nov-95 ie) 26545 43996 Oo 41 8.664 72 53.055 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLS 18-Nov-95 ie} 26544.9 439961 0 41 8.679 72 53.039 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 20-Nov-95 ie} 265449 439961 0O 41 8.679 72 53.039 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 20-Nov-95 ie} 26544.9 43996 Oo 41 8.666 72 53.043 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 21-Nov-95 ie) 26545 43996 Oo 41 8.664 72 53.055 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 21-Nov-95 0 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 22-Nov-95 0 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 $3.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 27-Nov-95 ie) 265449 439959 O 41 8.653 72 53.046 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLS 28-Nov-95 ie) 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 $3.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 28-Nov-95 ie) 265449 439961 0 41 8.679 72 53.039 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 29-Nov-95 ie) 26544.9 43996 o 41 8.666 72 53.043 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 30-Nov-95 te) 26544.9 439961 O 41 8.679 72 53.039 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 30-Nov-95 ie} 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 §3.051 925 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 04-Dec-95 ie} 26544.9 43996 Oo (41 8.666 72 53.043 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 05-Dec-95 ie) 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 05-Dec-95 ie} 26545 43996.1 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 925 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 06-Dec-95 ie} 26544.9 439961 0 41 8.679 72 §3.039 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 07-Dec-95 ie) 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 §3.051 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 07-Dec-95 ie} 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 08-Dec-95 ie) 26545 43996.2 0 41 8.689 72 53.047 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 12-Dec-95 ie) 26545 43996.2 0 41 8.689 72 53.047 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 13-Dec-95 ie} 26545 439962 O 41 8.689 72 53.047 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 13-Dec-95 ie} 26544.9 439962 QO 41 8.692 72 53.035 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 14-Dec-9395 ie} 26544.5 439962 O 41 8.701 72 52.986 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER Cus 14-Dec-95 ie} 265446 439962 0 41 8.699 72 52.998 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 15-Dec-95 ie} 26544.4 439963 0 41 8.717 72 52.97 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 15-Dec-95 1°} 265445 439963 0 41 8.714 72 52.982 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 18-Dec-95 ie) 265445 439962 0 41 8.701 72 52.986 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 18-Dec-95 ie} 265445 439962 0 41 8.701 72 52.986 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 26-Dec-95 ie} 265445 439963 0 41 8.714 72 §2.982 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 27-Dec-95 ie) 265446 4399653 0 41 8.712 72 52.995 650 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 27-Dec-95 0 265446 439953 0 41 8.712 72 52.995 900 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 28-Dec-95 10} 26544.5 439962 O 41 8.701 72 52.986 600 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 29-Dec-95 0 265445 439953 0 41 8.714 72 52.982 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 04-Jan-96 fe) 265445 439963 0 41 8.714 72 52.982 900 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 30-Jan-96 te) 26544.7 439963 0 41 8.709 72 53.007 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 31-Jan-96 Oo 26545.3 439961 O 41 8.669 72 53.087 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 01-Feb-96 Oo 26545 439962 0 41 8.689 72 53.047 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 06-Feb-96 ie} 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 07-Feb-96 ie) 265449 439961 0 41 8.679 72 53.039 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 08-Feb-96 0) 26545.1 439962 O 41 8.687 72 53.059 950 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 13-Feb-96 0 26545 439963 0 41 8.702 72 53.043 925 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 15-Feb-96 ie) 26545 439961 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 15-Feb-96 0 26545 439963 0 41 8.702 72 53.043 975 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 22-Feb-96 te) 26545 43996 o 41 8.664 72 53.055 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 23-Feb-96 ie) 26545 43996.1 0 41 8.677 72 53.051 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 27-Feb-96 0 26545.1 43996 Oo 41 8.661 72 53.067 1000 ASSOC AT THE GUILFORD YC WEST RIVER CLIS 04-Mar-96 ie} 26545 439962 0 41 8.689 72 53.047 950 Total CDM yd* Total CDM m>