NLM CALL dm British Museum (Maturaf History). This 1s No. ave of 25 copies of “A Monograph of the British Lichens,” Part I1., printed on Special paper. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/monographoflicheO2brit BRITISH LICHENS HOLL! BAST SS 2 ». : . a nn am 2S > 7 : nas > > @ \ = y S = ~~ { are « . F ¢ ; : a ee’ S / ‘ 15 a% . > a A ; an ~ ) A a I Le | re _ . yr» ‘ bt > aif aon / : : y prt A MONOGRAPH OF THE BRITISH LICHENS. A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE SPECIES IN THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, BRITISH MUSEUM PARTY II. BY ANNIE LORRAIN SMITH, F.L.S. \b Xb \\\ LONDON | W\\ \ PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND SOLD BY LONGMANS & CO., 39, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; B. QUARITCH, 11, GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET, W. ; DULAU & CO., Lrp., 37, SOHO SQUARE, W.; AND AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, S.W. 1911 (All rights reserved) LONDON = PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, DUKE STREET, STAMFORD STREET, 8.E., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET, W- PREFACE Tuer long interval in time between the publication of Parts I. and II. of the Monograph of British Lichens has been caused by the continued ill-health and ultimate death of the Rev. James Crombie, the author of Part I. Mr. Crombie had determined, and partly arranged, a number of specimens, and had also begun to prepare descriptions of the genera and species for Part II., when the work was finally interrupted by his death in 1906. His collections, together with his MSS., were generously pre- sented to the Trustees of the British Museum by Mrs. Crombie, and I was fortunately able to arrange with Miss Annie Lorrain Smith to continue the work. In the preparation of Part IT. Miss Smith has followed the form and arrangement adopted in Part I., except where divergence seemed absolutely necessary. A. B. RENDLE. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, British Musrum (Naturau History), CromMWELL Roap, Lonpon, S.W. February 1911. PATA J eth be: ootenidg - rater w ted nail ot boesen tant seh -atewlalT daksitl Yo degervigonnell 4 wate 354 ADDENDA Part u. p. 308, under Gongylia viridis. After G,. viridis A. L. Sm. add in Journ. Bot. xlix. p. 42, t. 510, f.2 (1911). After the description add spore size up to 0°085 mm. long, and under Hab. add Theydon Bois and near Loughton, Epping Forest, Essex. Part i. p. 467, after L. cinerea. Lecanora (Aspicilia) Lilliei B. de Lesd. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, liii. p. 515 (1906).—Thallus tartareous, about 0°5 mm. thick, cracked-areolate, white, yellow within (K—, CaCl—). Apothecia minute, black, immersed in the areolew, rounded- difform, or lirelleform; epithecium olivaceous, hypothecium colourless ; paraphyses gelatinous-concrete ; asci narrowly clavate ; spore 4—6nie, ellipsoid, 0,013-15 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine deep blue with iodine. Specimen not seen. Outwardly like Lecanora cinerea, but differing in the yellow colour of the interior of the thallus and in the smaller spores. Hab. On granitic rocks, Ousdale, Caithness. (Collected by D. Lillie.) Part ii. p. 218, after A. lapidicola. Arthonia Lilliei B. de Lesd. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, lvii. p- 34 (1910).—Thallus blackish, leprose, scanty. Apothecia - black, minute, about 0°1-0°2 mm. in diameter, round, plane ; epithecium olivaceous, hymenium colourless or faintly brownish, hy pothecium colourless ; paraphyses concrete, free and capitate at the tips; asci ventricose ; spores 8ne, colourless, oblong or ellipsoid, l-septate, the two cells equal, scarcely constricted, 0,010-12 mm. long, 0,004—5 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine wine- red with iodine. Specimen not seen. Hab. On siliceous rocks, Achastle, Caithness. (Collected by D. Lillie.) The position of the following species is uncertain :— Botrydina vulgaris Bréb. ex Meneghini in Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, v. p. 98 (1842) ; emend. Acton in Ann. Bot. xxiii. p. 575 (1909).—Thallus forming small green spherical mucilaginous bodies 0,020-300 mm. in diameter, rarely larger, with a central mass of green algal cells (Coccomyxa subellipsoidea Acton, tom. cit. p. 573) and a pseudo-parenchymatous envelope of fungal cells which proliferate inwardly among the alge. Fruit not developed. Specimen not seen. . Considered by E. Acton to be a primitive lichen distinguished from mere soredia by the structure of the fungal envelope. The fungus, when grown in a separate culture, developed coiled branches which suggested affinities with the Helicosporee. Hab. Among bryophytes on rocks or on the ground, in damp shady situations, chiefly in mountainous districts. GLOSSARY ABRADED (Lat. abrado, to rub away), rubbed or scraped off. ACERVULATE (Lat. acervus, a heap), heaped up—ACERVULI. AcicuLar (Lat. acws, a needle), slender, needie-shaped. ACUMINATE (Lat. acumen, a point), coming gradually to a point. ApNaTE (Lat. adnascor, to grow to), adhering to anything. ADPRESSED (Lat. ad, to, pressus, kept under), lying flat. ADSPERSED (Lat. adspersus), scattered. AXRUGINOSE (Lat. @rugo, the rust of brass), blue-green colour of verdigris. AFFIXED, fixed to or upon. AGGLUTINATE (Lat. agglutino, to glue on to), glued together. AGGREGATE (Lat. aggregatus, assembled), crowded together but not confluent. ALECTORIOID, like the genus Alectoria. ALGOID, similar to alge. AMPHITHECIUM (Gr. amphi, around, theke, a case), the thalline margin of the apothecium, cf. thalloid exciple. AmYLAcEous (Gr. amylon, fine flour), starchy. ANAPHYSES (Gr. ana, up, phusis, growth), peculiar sterigmatoid filaments in the apothecium of Hphebeia. APICULATE (Lat. apex, the end or point), terminating in a small point. Apicuuus (Lat., a little point), a sharp, short point. ApoTHECIUM (Gr. apo, up, theke, a case), an open or disc-shaped fructifi- cation. APPENDICULATE (Lat.), with small appendages. APPRESSED, cf. adpressed. APPLANATE (Lat. ad, to, planatus, made flat), flattened or horizontally expanded. ARACHNOID (Gr. arachne, a spider), like a spider’s web. ARCUATE (Lat. arcus, a bow), bent like a bow, curved. ARDELL (Gr. ardo, to sprinkle), the small spot-like apothecia of Artho- NACE. AREOLA (Lat. area, a space), a small space marked out on the surface of erustaceous lichens. ARTHONIOID, applied to apothecia like those of the genus Arthonia. ARTHROSTERIGMA (Gr. arthron, a joint, sterigma, a prop), septate sterigmata. ARTICULATE (Lat. articulus, a joint), septate. Ascus (Gr. askos, a wine skin), an enlarged cell in which the spores are developed, usually the terminal end of a hypha. AscypHous (Gr. a, without, skwphos, a cup), without scyphi, q.v. ASPERSED, cf, adspersed. Axin (Lat. avilla, the arm-pit), the angle between the axis and any organ arising from it. Axis (Lat., an axle), the central strand of tissue or the main stalk round which the organs are developed. BacinyaR (Lat. bacillwm, a staff), rod- or club-shaped. Bapio-, Baprous (Lat.), chestnut-brown. BmomycrtorpD, like the genus Béomyces. BIATORINE, with soft or waxy apothecia, often brightly coloured, without a thalline margin, as in Biatora. 2aZz 556 GLOSSARY Brrip (Lat, bis, twice, findo, sidi, findere, to cut), divided in two. Binocunar (Lat. bi-, bis-, twice, loculus, a compartment), having two cells. BispriaTe (Lat. bi, twice, series, a succession), in two rows. Borryosn (Gr. botrus, a bunch of grapes), branched like a cluster of grapes. Buiate (Lat. bulla, a bubble), blistered or puckered. Byssinn, Byssorp (Lat., byssws, fine flax), like the old genus Byssus, slender and thread-like. Cassious (Lat.), bluish-grey. CasspiTosE (Lat. cespes, a sod), growing in tufts. CANALICULATE (Lat. canaliculus, a small channel), with a longitudinal channel or furrow. CaNCELLATE (Lat.), latticed. CAPILLARY (Lat. capillus, a hair), slender and hair-like. CAPITATE (Lat. caput, head), formed into or having a head. CAPITULUM, fructification of Caliciei, a globose apical apothecium. CARBONACEOUS (Lat. carbo, charcoal), black, like charcoal. CaRIOSE, Carious (Lat.), rotten, decayed. CARIOSO-CANCELLATE, becoming latticed by decay. CARNEOUS (Lat. caro, carnis, flesh), flesh-coloured. CARTILAGINOUS (Lat. gristly), hard and tough like a cartilage or sinew. CrPHALODIA (Gr. kephale, a head), abnormal developments upon or within the lichen-thallus, usually inducing irregular outgrowths which contain a blue-green alga. CEPHALODINE (Gr. kephale, a head), forming a head or cephalodium. CERANOID (Gr. keras, a horn, eidos, like), having horn-like branches. CERVINE (Lat. cervis, a stag), dark-tawny in colour. CHONDROID (Gr. chondros, cartilage), hard and tough, like cartilage, applied to a closely compact medulla, with the hyphe arranged longitudinally and cohering to form a solid axis. CHROOLEPOID, like the genus Chvroolepis (Tventepohlia), with yellow gonidia. CHRYSOGONIDIA (Gr. chrysos, gold, gone, offspring), yellow-coloured algal cells belonging to the genus Trentepohlia. Crnium (Lat., an eyelash), marginal hair on thallus or fruits—CILIATE. CINNABARINE (Gr. kinnabari, a red pigment), scarlet-coloured. CrrRine (Lat. citrus), greenish or lemon-yellow. CLAVvATE (Lat. clavus, a club), club-shaped, enlarging upwards. Coarcrate (Lat. coarctatus, strangled), constricted. CoLLicuLosE (Lat. colliculus, a little hill), covered with little round elevations. COMPLANATE (Lat. complanatus, levelled), flattened, compressed. ComPLicats (hat.), folded together. CoNCATENATE (Lat. con, together, catena, a chain), joined together like the links of a chain. CoNCEPTACLE (Lat. conceptaculum, a receptacle), a cavity within which reproductive cells are produced. ConcoLorovus, similar in colour. ConcRESCENT (Lat. coneresco, to grow together), growing together. CONCRETE (Lat. concretus, grown together), closely adhering. CoNGLOMERATE (Lat. con, together, glomus, a ball), clustered. CONGLUTINATE (Lat. conglutino, to glue), glued together. ConnateE (Lat. connatus, born at the same time), growing together. CONNIVENT (Lat. connivens, winking), coming int» contact, converging. ConstiIpaTE (Lat.), crowded together. Contiauous (Lat. contiguus, adjoining), the separate parts of the thallus touching and continuous. Continuous, having an unbroken surface. ConvoLuTte (Lat.), rolled round. CoraLnorip (Lat. corallwim, coral), of a coral-like structure. GLOSSARY vo Or ~ Corracnous (Lat. coriwm, leather), leathery. Cornerous (Lat. cornu, a horn), horny. CoRNICULATE, CoRNUTE, horn-shaped. CoRONATE (Lat. corona, a crown), formed like a crown. CorRrvuGaTE (Lat.), wrinkled, rough with wrinkles. CortTEx (Lat., bark or rind), the outer layer of the thallus—CorricaL, CorRTICATE. Corricoxtous (Lat. cortex, the bark, colo, to inhabit), living on the bark of trees. CorymBosE (Gr. korumbos, a cluster of fruit or flowers), arranged in clusters. CostaTE (Lat. costa, a rib), ribbed. CRENATE, CRENULATE (Lat. crena, a notch), scalloped or with rounded notches on the margin. Crispate (Lat. crispws, curled), curled and twisted. CristaTE (Lat. crista, a crest or terminal tuft), crested. Crustacrous (Lat. crusta, rind or shell), hard, thin, brittle; applied to a closely adhering thallus without cortical layers. CucuLuatE (Lat. cucullus, a hood), hooded or hood-shaped. Cuputar (Lat. cwpula, a little cup), cup-shaped—CvurPvuLz. CyatuHorp (Gr. kwathos, a wine cup, eidos, like), cup-shaped. CYLINDRICAL (Gr. kulindros, a cylinder), elongate and circular in cross- section. CYPHELLA (Gr. kwphella, the hollows of the ears), a minute cup-like hollow on the under-surface of the thallus of Stictex—CypHuLLats. DactTyLingE, Dactyxoip (Gr. dactylos, a finger), spreading like fingers. DECOLORATE (Lat.), colourless. DECUMBENT (Lat., reclining), reclining, but ascending at the apex. DecvussateE (Lat. decusso, to divide crosswise), of the thallus divided and crossed by dark lines. DEHISCENT (Lat. dehisco, to split open), ruptured or split open. Dznprizic, Denproip (Gr. dendron, a tree), having a_ branched appearance. DENIGRATE (Lat.), blackened. DentTatE (Lat. dens, a tooth), toothed at the margin. DENUDATE (Lat.), stripped, made bare or naked. DEPAUPERATE (Lat.), impoverished as if starved. DEPLANATE (Lat.), flattened or expanded. DETERMINATE (Lat., bounded), with a definite outline. Dicwotomous (Gr. dichotomeo, to cut in two), forked. Dirrorm (Lat. dis, apart, forma, shape), of unusual form. Dirrract (Lat., broken), broken into areole. DILACERATE (Lat.), torn asunder. Drurp1aTE (Lat. dimidiatus, halved), applied to the perithecial wall when it covers only the upper half of the perithecium. Diacious (Gr. dis, two, oikos, a house), having the male and female organs on different individuals. DIRINEAN, similar to the genus Dirina. Discoip (Gr. diskos, a quoit, eidos, like), disc-like. DiscoLorovs, of a different colour. DiscRETE (Lat. discretus), separate and distinct. DissEctTED (Lat. dissectus, cut up), deeply divided. Disticuous (Gr. distichos, of two rows), disposed in two rows. DivaRicaTE (Lat., spread asunder), spreading in opposite directions. KE, Latin prefix, usually signifying without, as epruinose, esquamulose, efoliolose. EFFIGURATE (Lat. e, out of, figura, a figure), having a distinct form or figure. Errusk (Lat. effasus, poured out), spread out in an indeterminate way. 358 GLOSSARY ExvurpricaL, Huurpesorp, shaped like an ellipse; oblong with rounded ends. EXMARGINATE (Lat. emargino, to deprive of its edge), having a notch cut out. Envemic (Gr. en, in, demos, a country district), confined to a given region. EXNDOCARPOID, applied to perithecia which are sunk in the substance of the thallus as in H’ndocarpon. EPreHLaopAL (Gr. epi, upon, phloios, bark), applied to the thallus when growing on the outside of the bark. EPIsPorE (Gr. epi, upon, spora, seed), the outer spore-coat. EPITHALLINE, applied to a spuriously thalline apothecial margin. Errruecium (Gr. epi, upon, theke, a case), the layer covering the thecium or hymenium. Erop«D, Erose (Lat. erosus, gnawed), as though bitten or gnawed. ERuUMPENT (Lat. e, out of, rwmpere, to break), immersed then bursting outwards. Eveonrpra (Gr. ew, well, gonos, offspring), bright-green gonidia (Chloro- phyllacee). EvEeRnurorM, like the genus Hvernia (with a strap-shaped thallus), EXASPERATE (Lat. exaspero, to make rough), rough with hard projecting points. ExcreLe, Excrputum (Lat. excipula, a basin), term used for the hypotbe- cium or for that part of the thallus in which the fruit is embedded (receptacle), or for the tissue surrounding the fruit. EXxPLANatE (Lat. explanatus), spread out. FARINACEOUS, FARtNOSE (Lat. farina, meal), with a mealy surface. FascIcuLATE (Lat. fascis, a bundle), growing in a close bundle or cluster. FasticiateE (Lat. fastigiwm, a slope or gable), with branches parallel, clustered and erect, sometimes decreasing in height outwards like the gable of a house. Fatiscent (Lat. fatisco, to open in chinks), cracked or falling apart. FAVEOL®, FAVEOLATE (Lat. favus, a honeycomb), honey-combed. Frrrucinocs (Lat. ferrwm, iron), rust-coloured. FIBRILLE (Lat. fibra, a fine thread), minute fibre-like branches— FIBRILLOSE. FInaMEntTs (Lat. filwm, a thread), thread-like constituents of the thallus— FILAMENTOUS, FILIFORM. FIMBRIATE (Lat.), fringed. Fisrutoss (Lat. fistula, a pipe), hollow. Fuaccip (Lat. fiaccidus), flabby, limp. FLEexvose, Fuexvous (Lat. flerus, bent), wavy. Fouiaceous (Lat. foliwm, a leaf), flat and leaf-like. Foxi0LosE (Lat. foliwm, a leaf), consisting of minute lobes. Fornicate (Lat., arched), of the thalline apices, arched and hood-like. FovEouate (Lat. fovea, a small pit), pitted. Fruticoss, Fruricutosr (Lat. frutez, a shrub), having the thallus attached by a single basal point, cylindrical, filamentous or strap- shaped. Fucorp (Gr. phukos, seaweed, eidos, like), resembling seaweed. Futiainows (Lat. fuligo, soot), brown verging on black, soot-coloured. FuRCATE (Lat.), forked. FuRCELLATE (Lat. furcula, a little fork), minutely forked. FuRFURACEOUS (Lat. furfur, bran), scurty. Fuscous (Lat. fuscus, dark), of a dingy-brown colour. Fusirorm (Lat. fusus, a spindle, forma, shape), long and tapering towards each end—FUSOID. GEMINATE (Lat. gemini, twins), in pairs. GenicuLatE (Lat. genu, the knee), bent like the knee. Gripper, Grszous (Lat. gibbws, a hump), with hump-like swellings. GraBrovus (Lat. glaber, without hair), with a hairless surface. GLOSSARY 359 Guaucous (Gr. glawkos, bluish-grey), sea-green or greyish-blue like the bloom on a plum or cabbage. GLEBULOSE (Lat. gleba, a clod), with rounded elevations on the thallus. GLOMERULES (Lat. glomus, a ball), a minute ball-like cluster —GuLo- MERULATE. GLYPHOLECINE (Gr. glyphe, carving, lekis, a dish), with wavy or laby- rinthine fruits as in the genus Glypholecia. GONIDIMIUM, an algal-cell of small size such as occurs in the hymenium of some Pyrenocarpet. Gonrpium (Gr. gonos, offspring), a green algal cell (Chlorophycee), con- stituent of the lichen thallus. Gontmium (Gr. gonimos, productive), a blue-green algal cell (Cyanophycea), constituent of the lichen thallus. GRANULATE, GRANULAR, GRANULOSE (Lat. granwm, a grain), consisting of minute particles. GrisEous (Lat.), grey. Guttm (Lat. gutta, a drop), oil-drops in spore cells—Gurruxats, cf. nucleolate. GYALECTOID, applied to urceolate waxy apothecia, resembling those of the genus Gyalecta. GYMNOTREMOID (Gr. gwmnos, naked, trema, a hole, eidos, like), with a bare open spot or space. Gyros (Lat. from Gr. gos, round), curved backward and forward in turn. Hatonate (Gr. halos, the disk of the sun, halo), surrounded by an outer circle. Haprogonipia (Gr. haploos, single), gonidia occurring singly. Haproconimia (Gr. haploos, single), gonimia occurring singly. HETEROMEROUS (Gr. heteros, other, meros, a part), fungal and algal con- stituents in definite strata in the thallus. Hispip (Lat., bristly), beset with rough hairs or bristles. HomoroMEROUvs (Gr. homoios, like, meros, a part), fungal and algal con- stituents more or less mixed in the thallus. HormoGonimium (Gr. hormos, a necklace), gonimia arranged in chains as in Nostoc, cf. moniliform. Hymentum (Gr. humen, a membrane), the layer of tissue in the apothe- cium, consisting of asci and paraphyses, cf. thecium. Hypua (Gr. hyphe, a web), a fungal filament. HyporPHL@opaL (Gr. hypo, under, phloios, bark), applied to thallus when growing within the bark. Hypotruauyuus (Gr. hypo, under, thallus, a sprout), the undergrowth of thalline hyphe visible at the edge of the thallus. HypotHecium (Gr. hypo, under, theke, a case), the layer below the thecium or hymenium. ImBRICATE (Lat. imbricatus, covered with tiles), overlapping like the tiles on a roof. IMPRESSED (Lat. impressus, pressed into), marked with slight depressions, IncIsED (Lat., cut into), cut sharply into the margin. INcRASSATE (Lat. incrassatus, thickened), stout or thickened. INDETERMINATE, without a definite outline, cf. effuse. INFUNDIBULIFORM (Lat. infundibulwm, a funnel), shaped like a funnel. InruscateE (Lat. infusco, to make dusky), of a brownish colour. InnaTE (Lat. innatus, born in), embedded in the thallus. Inscuupt (Lat. insculptus, engraved), cut into, forming holes or depres- sions. INSPERSED (Lat. inspersus, spread about), interpenetrated with granules, InTRICATE (Lat.), entangled. IsABELLINE, ‘‘ Isabella’”’ colour, a dirty-tawny tint. Istp11FEROUS (Lat. fero, to bear), thallus bearing isidia, q.v. 360 GLOSSARY IsipruMm (Gr, isis, a genus of corals, eideos, like), a coral-like outgrowth on the lichen thallus, rounded at the top, resembling the old genus Isidiwm. JOINTED, septate. LAcrRATE (Lat. lacey, mangled), torn or irregularly cleft. Lacinta (Lat. lacinia, a fragment of cloth), a slender thalline lobe. LACINIATE, thallus cut into narrow lobes. Lacuna, Lacunosr (Lat. lacuna, a hollow cavity), having depressions or holes. LasviGATE (Lat.), smooth as if polished. LAGENIFORM (Lat. lagena, a flask), shaped like a Florence flask. LaTEraL (Lat. datws, a side), fixed on or near the side of thallus or apothecium. LECANORINE (Lecanora, a genus of lichens), applied to apothecia with a thalline margin as in the genus Lecanora. LucipEeInge (Lecidea, a genus of lichens), applied to apothecia which are carbonaceous, usually dark-coloured and without athalline margin, as in Lecidea. LenticuLar, LENtIFoRM (Lat. lens, a lentil), lentil- or Jens-like, doubly convex. Leprarior (Gr. lepra, leprosy), with a whitish mealy or scurfy surface like the old form genus Lepraria—LEPROSE. LzEptoaio1D, similar to the genus Leptogiwm. Leprrogonipia (Gr. leptcs, delicate, gone, ofispring), algal cells of small size, cf. gonidimia. LIGNICOLE, LicnicoLous (Lat. lignum, wood, colo, to inhabit), living on wood or trees. LIRELLA (Lat. lira, a ridge between two furrows), along narrow apothecium with a ridge dowr the middle—LIRELLZFORM. Livin (Lat.), of a leaden colour, pale and clouded. Lopate (Lat. lobos, the lower part of the ear), thallus divided into lobes— LoBuLaTE. Locuxus, Locunar (Lat., a little place), a compartment of a septate spore. Lurip (Lat. lwridus, sallow, wan), dull, or dingy in colour. Lurnous (Lat. lutews, gold-coloured), a full yellow-colour. Macro-, Greek prefix, signifying large. MACROPHYLLINE (Gr. makros, long, phullon, a leaf), having large lobes. Macunar (Lat. macula, a spot), applied to a thallus occurring in spots. MARGINAL, situate on the edge or margin. MAaRrGINATE, having a margin, term applied to apothecium. Mastoip (Gr. mastos, a breast, eidos, like), nipple-like. MazmpiuM, fructification of Calicer: spores free from the asci forming a powdery mass in almost closed heads. MEDULLA (Lat. pith), the loose hyphal layer in the interior of the thallus. MEMBRANACEOUS, thin, like a membrane. Micro-, Greek prefix, signifying small. MICROPHYLLINE (Gr. mtkros, small, phullon, a leaf), composed of minute lobes or scales. MintatE (Lat. miniatus), coloured like red lead or cinnabar. MoniLirorm (Lat. monile, a necklace), in rows, like a string of beads. Mono-, Greek prefix, signifying one. Monascious (Gr. monos, one, oikos, a house), with male and Peers organs on the same plant. Monopuyb.ovs (Gr. monos, one, phullon, a leaf), one-leaved. Mownorypic (Gr. monos, one, tupos, a type), having only one exponent, as a genus with one species. Mucvts, Mucoss (Lat. mucus, nasal secretion), mucilaginous. Muttri-, Latin prefix, signifying many. GLOSSARY 361 Muttirip (Lat.), cleft into many lobes or segments. MURALI-DIVIDED, MurirorM (Lat. mwrws, a wall), term applied to multi- cellular spores that are divided like the masonry of a wall. Muscricoue (Lat. muscus, moss, colo, to inhabit), living on mosses. Myce.ium (Gr. mukes, a mushroom), an aggregate of fungal hyphe. _Myriosporep (Gr. myrios, many, spora, a seed), with many spores. Nopvutez (Lat. nodus, a knot), a small knot or rounded body. Nosrocine (Nostoc, a genus of Cyanophycee), similar to Nostoc, Nucrear (Lat. a kernel), sometimes signifying closed perithecia. NUCLEOLATE, applied to spores that have conspicuous oil-drops, cf. guttu- late. Os-, Latin prefix, signifying in an inverse direction, as obconical, obovate. Oxstona, longer than broad, with nearly parallel sides. OBSOLETE (Lat. obsoletws, worn out), wanting or rudimentary. OcHROLEUCOUS (Gr. ochra, yellow earth, lewkos, white), yellowish-white. OLEOSO-LOocULAR (Lat. olewm, oil, loculus, a little compartment), applied to spores with cells like drops of oil. ORBICULAR (Lat., circular), a flat body with a circular outline. Osszous (Lat.), bone-like. OstTIoLE (Lat. ostiolum, a little door), the opening in the perithecium through which the spores escape. Ovat (Lat. ovwm, an egg), shaped like an egg—OvatrE, OviForM, OVOID. PatmaTEe (Lat. palma, the palm of the hand), lobed in a finger-like manner. PannirormM (Lat. pannus, a cloth), having the appearance of felt or woollen cloth— PANNOSE. PaPiLua (Lat., a nipple), a small superficial protuberance. PaPpuLosE (Lat. papula, a pimple), beset with pimples or pustules. Parapuysis (Gr. para, beside, phusis, growth), a sterile filament in the hymenium growing alongside the asci. PARATHECIUM (Gr. para, from beside, theke, a case), the layer immediately surrounding the thecium, continuation of the hypothecium. PaRIETAL (Lat. paries, a wall), belonging to a wall. PaRMELEINE, resembling the genus Parmelia, a term applied to shield- like apothecia—PARMELIOID. PATELLULATE (Lat. patella, a small dish), applied to sessile marginate apothecia, resembling a little dish. Patent (Lat. patens, open), spreading, as of branches. Patu Lous (Lat.), spreading. Pauci-, Latin prefix signifying few. PEDICELLATE (Lat. pediculus, a small foot), borne on a stalk. PxELTatE (Lat. pelia, a small shield), orbicular and horizontal, in the form of a shield or target—PELTIFORM. PrENnpDvuLOvS (Lat.), hanging. Prri-, Greek prefix signifying about, or outer covering, as perigonidium. PrERIDIUM (Gr. peridion, a little pouch), the covering of the upper part of a closed pyrenocarp, sometimes used for the whole fructification. PERIPHERAL (Gr. periphereia, the circumference of a circle), surrounding. PreripHysEs (Gr. peri, about, phusis, growth), filaments rising near the mouth of the perithecium. PrritHEecium (Gr. peri, about, theke, a case), a roundish fructification entirely enclosed or with a minute opening at the apex. PERTUSARIOID, like the genus Pertusaria, with the apothecia occurring in verruce, g.v. Pxrrvious (Lat. pervius, passable), referring to scyphi that are open or perforate at the base. PinnatTE (Lat. pinna, a feather), lobes arranged on each side of a common axis. 362 GLOSSARY Pinnatirip (Lat. findo, fidi, to cut), pinnately cut. PistTrLuAR (Lat. pistillwm, a pestle), club-shaped. PISTILLARI-BACILLAR, term applied to spermatia which are oblong and slightly thicker at the ends. Pracopio1p, like the genus Placodiwm, with the thallus orbicular, ad- pressed, lobed at the circumference. P Puaryaonria (Gr. platus, broad, gonos, offspring), gonidia in broadly spreading groups (Cephalewros). PuatypuyLuous (Gr. platus, broad, phullon, a leaf), broadly lobed. Puicats (Lat. plico, to fold), folded in plaits—PLIciForM. Puurt-, Latin prefix signifying many. PLURILOCULAR, many-celled. Popetium (Gr. pows, podos, a foot), a stalk-like thalline elevation support- ing an apothecium. POLARI-BILOCULAR, of two-celled spores with a thick central wall traversed by a connecting tube, the lumen of the cells at the extreme ends, Poty-, Greek prefix signifying many. PotymorPHous (Gr. polus, many, morphe, a change), with several or various forms. PoLyPHyLious (Gr. polus, many, phullon, a leaf), many-leaved, PROLIFEROUS (Lat. proles, offspring, fero, to bear), bearing offshoots. PROPER MARGIN, the rim or margin encircling the apothecium, as distinct from the thalline margin. Protococcorp, like the genus Protococcus. Pruina (Lat., hoar frost), powdery secretion or bloom on the surface of plants—PRUINOSE. Psrupo- (Gr. psewdos, false), used as a prefix signifying false or spurious. PULVERACEO-DELITESCENT (Lat. pulvis, powder, delitesco, to lie hid), covered with a layer of powdery granules. PULVERULENT (Lat. pulvis, powder), powdery. PunvinatE (Lat. pulvinatus, cushion-shaped), thallus growing in cushion- like masses. PULVINULUS, a small cushion-like outgrowth. Pycnipe (Gr. puknos, dense), a closed fructification containing stylo- spores. Pyrenium (Gr. puren, a kernel), the outer wall of a perithecium or sometimes of a fructification. Pyrenocarp (Gr. carpos, fruit), a closed fructification (perithecium) opening above by a pore or slit. PYRENODEINE (PYRENODIN®), (Gr. eidos, like), a term applied to perithecia —PYRENOID. PYRENOPSIDIAN, similar to the genus Pyrenopsts. PyRIFORM (Lat. pyrus, a pear), pear-shaped. Raviave (Lat. radius, a ray or the spoke of a wheel), spreading outwards from a centre. Rapivus, Rapu, the outermost lobes or squamules. RamosE (Lat. ramus, a branch), branching. RaMULI, branchlets cr secondary branches. Rapuipes (Gr. raphis, a needle), needle-shaped crystals. RECEPTACLE (Lat. receptaculum, a reservoir), term used for the base or surrounding tissue of the apothecium. Rentrorm (Lat. renis, a kidney), kidney-shaped. Repanp (Lat., bent backwards), with an uneven margin, less so than sinuous. RETICULATE (Lat. rete, a net), resembling a net-work. ReEtvssE (Lat. retwsws, blunted), with a shallow notch in a rounded apex. Revouute (Lat. re, back, volvo, to roll), rolled back from the margin or apex. Betas (Gr. rhagas, a chink), cracked or fissured. Rurzina, pl. Rurzina (Gr. rhiza, a rcot), root-like strands or hairs. GLOSSARY 363 Rima (Lat., a cleft), a chink or cleft—Rimosk. Rivuose (Lat. rivus, a stream), having sinuate channels or lines. Rosvuate (Lat. rosa, a rose), collected into a rosette. Rorunpate (Lat. rotwndus, round), rounded. Rusricosn (Lat. rwber, red), reddish. Rueosz, RuautoseE (Lat. rwga, a wrinkle or fold), wrinkled. SaccaTE (Lat. saccws, a bag), swollen, sack-shaped. SANGUINEOUS (Lat.), blood-red. SaXICOLE, Saxicotous (Lat. sawwm, a rock, colo, to inhabit), growing on rocks or stones. ScaBRID, ScABROUS (Lat.), rough with minute elevations. ScROBICULATE (Lat. scrobiculus, a little trench), marked with small pits. ScurTEeLuate (Lat. scwtella, a salver), shaped like a platter—ScUTELLIFORM, Scypuus (Gr. skuphos, a cup), a cup-like dilatation of the podetium in lichens on the edges of which are borne the apothecia—ScyPHIFEROUS (ScyPHIPHOROUS), bearing scyphi. Srconp (Lat. secwndus, second or following), with parts directed to one side only. SertTaTE (Lat. septwm, a fence or enclosure), divided by a partition or cell-wall. SESSILE (Lat. sessilis, sitting), without any stipe or stalk. Srtaceous (Lat. seta, a bristle), slender, bristle-like—SETULIFORM. SinvatTE (Lat. simws, a curve), with a deep wavy margin. Sinus (Lat., a curve or fold), a recess or re-entering angle. SIROSIPHOID, resembling the genus Sirosiphon (Stigonema), where the cells occur usually in two or more rows. SMARAGDINE (Gr. smaragdos, an emerald), emerald or dark-bluish-green. SorpDipD (Lat. sordidus, fouled), dirty in tint. SpaDicnous (Gr. spadix, a palm-branch), bright date-brown in colour. SPEIROGONIMIA (Gr. speiro, to sow, to scatter), gonimia single, scattered. SPERMATIUM (Gr. sperma, a seed), a spore-like body formed in the spermo- gone, regarded as a non-motile male cell or as a spore. SPERMOGONE (Gr. sperma, a seed, gonos, offspring), closed receptacle containing spermatia. SPHINCTRIFORM, like the genus Sphinctrina (apothecia almost sessile). SPINOSH, SPINULOSE (Lat. spina, a thorn), beset with spines. SPonGiosE (Lat. spongia, a sponge), soft and spongy. SporE (Gr. spora, a seed), a reproductive body which becomes free and germinates to form a new plant. Spurious (Lat. spwrius, illegitimate), counterfeit, apparent but not real. SQUAMULE (Lat. sqwama, a scale), a small thalline lobe. STELLATE, STELLATO- (Lat., starry), star-shaped or radiating like the rays of a star. Sreriama, pl. Sreriamata (Gr. sterigma, a prop), the stalk (spermatio- phore) from which the spermatia are abjointed. Sripate (Lat.), crowded. Stipes (Lat., a trunk of a tree), stalk—SripiTaTe. STRAMINEOUS (Lat. stramen, straw), straw-coloured. Stratum (Lat.), a layer of tissue. Srriate (Lat. stria, a furrow), marked with parallel lines or ridges— STRIATULATE. StruMosELY (Lat. strwma, a scrofulous tumour), with cushion-like swellings. StyLosporE (Gr. stwlos, a column, spora, a seed), a spore borne on a filament. Sus-, Latin prefix, signifying under, below or partly. SuBicutum (Lat., an underlayer), a felted undergrowth of hyphe. SuBULATE (Lat. swbwla, a small weapon), shaxed like an awl. Suncare (Lat.), furrowed or grooved. SurTuRE (Lat. swtwra, a seam), a line of opening. 364 GLOSSARY SymBionrT (Gr. sun, with, bios, life), one of two dissimilar organisms living together. SyMBIOsiIs, SyMBroTic, a living together of dissimilar organisms, with mutual benefit, also styled commensalism, consortism, individualism, and mutualisim. SYMPHICARPOUS, SYMPHYCARPOUS (Gr. swmphuo, to grow together, carpos, fruit), with confluent apothecia. SYNGONIMIA (Gr. swn, with), gonimia united in clumps. TARTAREOUS, resembling tartar, having a more or less rough crumbling surface, or thickish, and almost smooth. ; TEREBRATE (Lat. ferebra, a borer), with scattered perforations. TERMINAL (Lat. terminare, to limit), on the end of a stalk or branch. TPRRICOLOUS (Lat. terra, the earth, colo, to inhabit), living on soil. TESSELLATE (Lat. tessella, a small square piece of stone), resembling a tessellated pavement. TrEsTackEous (Lat. testa, a brick or tile), brick-red. THatamium (Gr. thalamos, a bed-chamber), layer of tissue in the apo- thecium, consisting of paraphyses and periphyses. THALLINE MARGIN, an apothecial margin formed of and usually coloured like the thallus, cf. amphithecium. THALLOID EXCIPLE, thalloid margin of the apothecium. THALLUs (Gr. thallos, a sprout), vegetative part of the lichen-plant. THECA (Gr. theke, a case), an enlarged cell containing spores, cf. ascus. THECIFEROUS (Gr. theke, a case, Lat. fero, to carry), bearing the asci. TitEctuM (Gr. theke, a case), the layer of tissue in the apothecium consisting of asci and paraphyses, cf. hymenium. THELOTREMOID, having tubercular apothecia like those of the genus Thelotrema. THYRSOID (Lat. thyrsus, the bacchic staff, Gr. eidos, like), with crowded, dichotomous branching. ToMENTOSE (Lat. tomentum, a stuffing for cushions), densely covered with down-like hairs. ToruLosE (Lat. torws, muscle), cylindric, with swollen portions at successive intervals. TRABECULOSE (Lat. trabecula, a little beam), applied to reticulating fibrils. TRICHOTOMOUSLY (Gr. triche, in a three-fold manner, tome, a cutting), branching in a three-fold manner. TRIVIAL (Lat. trivialis, common), the specific name. TRUNCATE (Lat.), ending abruptly, as if cut off. TUBERCLE (Lat. ‘wber, a tumor), a small excrescence or wart—TUBERCU- LATE, TUBERCULOSE. TUBULIFORM (Lat. twbulws, a small pipe), applied to a thallus of round pipe-like filaments. Tumip (Lat.), inflated, swollen. TUNICATED (Lat. tunica, a garment), having a coat or covering. TURBINATE (Lat. turbo, a whipping-top), shaped like a top. TurRGID (Lat. twrgidus, inflated), swollen. UMBER, UMBRINE (Lat.), the colour of umber, a dull-brown. UmpiLicaTE (Lat. wmbilicus, the navel), navel-like, depressed in the centre. UMBILICATELY, applied to a thallus centricaily affixed to the matrix. Uso, UmponatE (Lat. wmbo, any convex elevation), bearing an umbo in the centre. UnpbvuLateE (Lat. wanda, a wave), with a wavy margin. UNISERIATE (Lat. wus, one, series, a succession), in one row. URcEOLATE (Lat. wreeus, a pitcher), pitcher-like, hollow and contracted at the mouth. GLOSSARY 365 VARIOLARIOID (Lat. variola, the pustule of small-pox), with powdery or granular tubercles like the supposed fructification of the old genus Variolaria—V ARIOLOSE. VENTRICOSE (Lat. venter, the belly), swollen or inflated. VERMICULAR (Lat. vermiculus, a little worm), worm-shaped. VeRRvCA (Lat., a wart), the granular wart-like part of the thallus. VERRUCARIOID, fructification similar to that of the genus Verrucaria. VERSICOLOROUS (Lat. verso, to turn often, color, colour), changing colour. Verticit (Lat. vertex, a whirl), a whorl, circular arrangement of parts round an axil—VERTICILLATE. VESICULOSE (Lat. vesicula, a bladder), as if composed of small bladders, VI“LOsE (Lat. villws, a shaggy hair), bearing long hairs. VITELLINE (Lat. vitellus, the yolk of an egg), egg-yellow. ZEHORINE, like the old genus Zeora, in which the apothecium had a double margin, ERRATA P. 22.—Under Lecidea coarctata var. glebwlosa Cromb. Lich. Brit. read p. 66, instead of p. 76. P. 46.—Under Lecidea livescens read spores 0,007 mm. long, instead of 0,007-3 mm. long. P. 47.—Under Lecidea micrococea transfer references Nyl. and Cromb. P.118.—Under Biatorina Griffithii read spores 0,0035-45 mm. thick, instead of 0,035-45 mm. P.167.—Under Buellia alocizoides add synonym Verrucaria Leightonii Deakin in Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 34, t. 1, fig. 3 (1854). P. 295.—For Verrucaria Harrimani read Verrucaria Harrimanni. P. 313.—Under ACROCORDIA read Pl. 48, instead of Pl. 47. P. 326.—Under Arthopyrenia halodytes a/ter note add The specimen, cited by Leighton under Verrucaria fluctigena as from Crombie, was not found in Herb. Crombie. Pi. 20.—¥For Arthonia astroidea Ach. read Arthonia radiata Ach. Pl. 30.—For Graphina sophistica Nyl. read Graphina anguina Muell.-Arg. Biatorina jejuna p. 114 was included by Crombie (Part I. p. 393) as Lecanora jejuna Nyl. a synonym of Lecanora Ralfsiv. Similarly— Buellia polospora p. 168 was included (Part I. p. 383) as Lecanora biloculata Nyl. Both species are of doubtful position, but fall more naturally into Lecideacee. Their classification under Lecanora was overlooked. PMD xt (Synonyms are indicated by italics.) abietina Koerb. (Lecanactis) ii. 202 abietina Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 202 abietinum Massal. (Schismatomma) ii. 202 abvetinus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 202 abietinus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 201 ABROTHALLUS De Not. ii. 165 accessitans Nyl. (Lecidea) 446 acerina Arnold (Bacidia) ii. 152 acervatum Stirton (Lophothelium) ii. 265 acetabulis cutaneis, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 250 acetabulum Dub. (Parmelia) 250 acetabulum Neck. (Lichen) 250 Acharw Westr. (Lichen) 477 Acharw Gray (Urceolaria) 477 achrospora Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii, 341 aciculare Fr. (Calicium) 88 acicularis E. Bot. t. 2385 (Lichen) 88 ACROCORDIA Massal. ii. 313 acrotella Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 282 acrotellus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 282 acteea Nyl. (Lecanora) 447 actinellum Nyl. (Pyrenidium) 81 actinostoma Pers. (Urceolaria) 518 actophila Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 242 aculeata Fr. (Cetraria) 217 aculeata Gray (Cornicularia) 217 aculeatus Schreb. (Lichen) 217 acuminata Norrl. (Cladonia) 133 acutula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 15 adglutinata Floerke (Lecanora) 320 adglutinata Nyl. (Physcia) 320 admissa Cromb. (Lecanora) 485 admissa Nyl. (Lecanora) 485 adspersa Cromb. (Cladonia) 158 adspersa Nyl. (Cladonia) 158 aduncus Ach. (Beomyces) 179 advenula A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 184 advenula Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 184 advenula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 344 advertens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 96 | enea Dufour (Lecidea) ii. 58 | wquata Nyl. (Lecanora) 401 aquata Nyl. (Lecidea) 402 aeruginosa Mudd (Icmadophila) 113 eruginosa Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 27 eruginosum Turn. & Borr. (Caliciwm) 86 erugimosum Gray (Phacotiwm) 86 eruginosus DC. (Beomyces) 113 eruginosus Scop. (Lichen) 113 estivalis Ohl. (Lecidea) ii. 32 ethalea Th. Fr. (Buellia) ii. 171 athalea Ach. (Gyalecta) ii. 171 ethalea Stiz. (Lecidea) ii. 171 ethiobola Wahlenb. (Verrucaria) ii. 282 affinis Mass. (Hymenelia) affinis Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 106 affinis Dicks. (Lichen) 336 affinis A. Zahlbr. (Porina) affims Massal. (Sagedia) ii. 335 afinis Sm. (Squamaria) 336 affinis Cromb. (Verrucaria) ii. 335 Agardhiana Ach. (Lecanora) 426 Agardhianum Hepp (Placodium) 391 agelea Koerb. (Phlyctis) 512 agelaa Gray (Thelotrema) 512 agelea Turn. & Borr. (Variolaria) 512 ageleus Ach, (Lichen) 512 479 li. 335 aggerata Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 99 aggregata Ach. (Porina) ii. 259 aggregata Fr. (Sagedia) ii. 259 aggregatula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 59 aggregatum Nyl. (Collema) 55 aggregatus Mudd (Synechoblastus) 55 aglaa Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 183 aglea Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 82 AGYROPHORA Nyl. 323 aipolia Nyl. (Physcia) 313 avpolius Ach. (Lichen) 313 aipospila Ach. (Lecanora) 407 aipospila Wahl. (Parmelia) 408 attema Ach. (Lecidea) 435 368 alabastvina Ach, (Lecidea) ii. 150 alabastrites Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 138 albariella Nyl. (Lecanora) 444 albella Ach. (Lecanora) 418 albella subsp. angulosa Cromb. (Leca- nora) 419 albescens Zwackh (Bacidia) ii. 152 albida Tayl. (Syncesia) ii. 261 albidocarnea A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 139 albidocarnea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 140 albidocarnea subsp. chlorotropoides A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 140 albidum Leight. (Chiodecton) ii. 261 alboater Hoffm. (Lichen) ii. 188 alboatra Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 188 alboatrum Flot. (Diplotomma) ii. 188 alboatrum Th. Fr. (Rbizocarpon) ii. 188 albocarnea Nyl. (Lecidea) 446 alboccerulescens Ach. (Lecid.) ii. 69 alboccerulescens Wulfen (Lich.) ii. 70 alboflavida Tay]. (Lecanora) 430 albohyalina Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 39 albolutescens Nyl. (Lecanora) 379 albomarginata Nyl. (Lecanora) 355 alborubella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 140 albovirella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 140 alcicornis Hook. (Cenomyce) 127 alcicornis Floerke (Cladonia) 127 alcicornis Lightf. (Lichen) 127 alcicornis 8m. (Scyphophorus) 127 ALECTORIA Ach. 208 aleurites EK. Bot. t. 858 (Lichen) 222 aleurites Ach. (Lichen) 263 aleurites Hook. (Parmelia) 222 aleurites Cromb. (Parmeliopsis) 222 aleurites Nyl. (Parmeliopsis) 263 alienata Nyl. (Lecidea) i. 96 allogena A. Li. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 324 allogena Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 324 allophana Nyl. (Lecanora) 411 alociza Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 167 alocizoides A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 167 alocizoides Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 167 alpestris Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 61 alpicola Krempelh. (Buellia) ii. 180 alpicola Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 180 alpicola Fr. (Parmelia) 255 alpina Somm. (Lecanora) 468 alpinum Laur. (Stereocaulon) 119 INDEX alumnula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 81 amara Nyl. (Pertusaria) 496 amara Ach. (Variolaria) 497 amaurocrad Floerke (Capitular.) 180 amaurocreea Nyl. (Cladina) 180 amaurocrea Leight. (Cladina) 180 amaurocrea Mudd (Cladoma) 180 ambigua Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 78 ambigua Borr, (Parmelia) 263 ambigua Nyl. (Parmeliopsis) 263 ambiguus Wulf. (Lichen) 263 amota Nyl. (Melaspilea) ii. 227 amphibia Er. (Lecidea) ii. 195 amphibius With. (Lichen) ii. 268 amphinewm Ach. (Collema) 66 amphineum Nyl. (Leptogium) 66 amphotera Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 102 anuphotera Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 241 amplissima Leight. (Ricasolia) 275 amplissumus Scop. (Lichen) 275 ampullacea Deakin (Sagedia) ii. 293 ampullaceus Linn. (Lichen) 227 amylacea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 203 amylaceum Massal. (Schismatomma) ii. 203 ‘ amylaceus Ehrh. (Lichen) ii. 203 analepta Massal.(Arthopyr.) ii. 319 analepta 8. F. Gray (Lejoph.) ii. 319 analeptella Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 319 analeptiza Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 321 analeptoides A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia} ii. 820 analeptoides Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 321 analeptus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 319 analeptus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 319 anastomosans Cromb. (Arthon.) ii. 220 Andrewii Stirton (Lithogr.) ii. 222 anglica Nyl. (Sphinctrina) 84 anguina Muell. (Graphina) ii. 255 anguina Nyl. (Graphis) ii. 255 anguina Mudd (Stenographa) ii. 255 anguina Mont. (Ustalia) ii. 255 angulosa Ach. (Lecanora) 419 angulosus Sehreb. (Lichen) 419 angustatus Hoffm. (Lichen) 307: angustifolium fuseum, ete. Dill. (Lich- enoides) 310 angustifoliium planum, ete. Dill. (Lich- enoides) 304 aniptiza Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 94 anomea Hook. (Cenomyce) 147 | anomeus Ach. (Beomyces) 147 INDEX anomeus K;, Bot. t. 1867 (Lichen); 147 anomeus Sm. (Scyphophorus) 147 anomala Fr. (Biatora) ii. 121 anomala Mudd (Bilimbia) ii. 121 anomala Ach, (Lecidea) ii. 118 anomala Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 121 anomala Leight. (Opegrapha) ii. 257 anomala Mudd (Stenographa) ii. 257 anomalus Tayl. (Beaomyces) ii. 21 antecellens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 320 anthelinus Ach. (Lichen) 314 anthracinus Dicks. (Lichen) 332 ANTHRACOTHECIUM Hampe ii. 342 antiloga Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 100 antrophila Larb. (Lecidea) ii. 46 aphana Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 98 aphanoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 99 aphorisasa A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 322 aphorisasa Stirton (Verrucar.) ii, 323 aphthosa Ach. (Peltidea) 278 aphthosa Mudd (Peltigera) 278 aphthosus Linn. (Lichen) 278 apoda Nyl. (Pycnothelia) 125 applanata Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 181 aquaticum A. Zahlbr. (Dermato- carpon) ii. 269 aquaticus Weiss (Lichen) aquatilis Mudd (Verrucaria) aquila Mudd (Borrera) 310 aquila Gray (Parmelia) 310 aquila Nyl. (Physcia) 310 aquilella Nyl. (Verrucaria) aquilus Ach. (Lichen) 310 aractina Wahlenb. (Verrucar.) ii. 277 arboreum cinereo-virens, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 276 arboreum crusta, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 305 arboreum foliosum, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 302 arboreum ramosum, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 187, 190, 229 arceutina Branth & Rostr. (Bacidia) ii. 157 arceutina Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 157 arctica Ach. (Gyrophora) 331 arctica Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 61 arctica Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 331 arenaria Cromb. (Lecanora) 365 arenarium Nyl. (Calicium) 89 Il, ii. 269 ii. 279 ii. 285 369 arenarvum Mudd (Callopisma) 365 arenarvun. Hampe (Cypheliwm) 89 arenarius Dicks. (Lichen) 365 arenicola A, L, Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 323 arenicola Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 165 arenicola Mudd (Raphiospora) ii. 165 arencola Leight. (Verrucaria) 30 arenicola Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 323 areniseda A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) i. 323 areniseda Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 242 areolata Nyl. (Pertusaria) 500 areolata Carroll (Lecidea) ii. 82 argena Koerb, (Phlyctis) 513 argena Turn. & Borr. (Variol.) 513 argenus Ach. (Lichen) 513 argilospila Nyl. (Magmopsis) 30 argilospila Nyl. (Verrucaria) 30 argopholis Ach. (Lecanora) 441 argopholis Wahl. (Parmelia) 442 armeniaca Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 83 armeniacum DC. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 83 armoricana Cromb. (Arthon.) ii. 210 Arnoldi Krempelh. (Biator.) ii. 114 Arnoldi Wedd. (Lecanora) 361 Arnoldi Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 114 Arnoldiana Nyl. (Collemopsis) 79 Arnoldiana Hepp. (Physma) 79 Arnoldi Krempelh. subsp. delutula A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 115 aromatica Jatta (Bilimbia) ii. 133 aromatica Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 134 aromatica Massal. (Toninia) ii. 134 aromaticus Turn. (Lichen) ii. 134 arridens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 25 ARTHONIA Ach. ii. 206 arthonioides A. L. Sm. (Arthonia ii. 213 arthonioides Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 213 ARTHOPYRENIA Massal. ii. 315 ARTHOTHELIUM Massal. ii. 219 articulata Hoffm. (Usnea) 206 articulatus Linn. (Lichen) 206 ascaridiella A. L. Sm. (Bacid.) ii. 163 ascaridiella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 163 asema Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 56 asotea Gray (Scyphophora) 162 aspera Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii, 277 asperella Cromb, (Cladonia) 159 asperella Stirton (Lecidea) ii, 94 aspergilla Turn, & Borr. (Variol.) 498 2 8B 370 aspergillus Ach. (Lichen) 498 aspersa Leight. (Arthonia) ii, 212 aspersella Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 211 assimilis Th. Fr, (Lecidea) ii. 102 astroidea Ach. (Arthomia) ii. 215 astroidea Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 215 astroidea Clem. (Parmelia) 316 astroidea Nyl. (Physcia) 316 astroidestera Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 210 astrottes Ach. (Lichen) ii. 215 ater Huds. (Lichen) 450 athrocarpa Mudd (Aspicilia) ii. 65 athroocarpa Dub. (Lecanora) 448 athroocarpa subsp. dimera Nyl. (Leca- mora) 449 athrocarpus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 65 Atlantica Gray (Borrera) 302 Atlanticus Sm. (Lichen) 302 atomaria Koerb. (Microthelia) ii. 331 atomaria DC. (Verrucaria) ii. 331 atomarius Ach. (Lichen) ii. 317, 331 atra Ach. (Lecanora) 450 atra Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 231 atra Gray (Rinodina) 450 atrata Mudd (Buellia) ii. 178 atrata Ach. (Gyalecta) 477 atrata Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 179 atratus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 179 atricolor Stirton (Opegrapha) atriseda Nyl. (Lecanora) 453 atroalba Th. Fr. (Buellia) ii. 183 atroalba Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 183 atroalbelia Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 171 atroalbicans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 182 atroalbus Li. (Lichen) ii. 183 atrobadia Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 183 atrocinerea Nyl. (Lecanora) 398 atrocinerea Sm. (Lecidea) 398 atrocinerea Mudd (Rinodina) 398 atrocinereus Dicks. (Lichen) 398 atroflava Nyl. (Lecanora) 3879 atroflava Sm. (Lecidea) 379 atroflavus KE. Bot. t. 2009 (Lichen) 379 atrofusca Flot. (Biatora) ii. 37 atrofusca Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 37 atrofusca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 37 atrofuscella Ny]. (Arthonia) ii. 207 atrofuscescens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 92 atrogrisea Arnold (Bacidia) ii. 161 atrogrisea Delise (Bitiora) ii. 161 atropruinosa Scher. (Umbilicar.) 323 atropurpurascens Nyl. (Lecid.) ii. 125 ii. 233 INDEX atropurpurea Massal. (Biator.) ii. 125 atropurpurea Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 125 atrorimalis Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 233 atrorufa Ach. (Lecidea) _ ii. 29 atrorufa Hook. (Psora) ii. 30 atrorufum S. F'. Gray (Lepidoma) ii. 30 atrorufus Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 29 atrosanguinea Th. F'r, (Bacid.) ii. 160 atrosanguimea Hepp. (Biatora) ii. 160 atrovirens Dillw. (Conferva) 28 atrovirens Gray (Girardia) 28 atrovirens Hook. (Lecidea) ii, 192 atrovirens Li. (Lichen) ii. 192 atrovirens Ag. (Scytonema) 28 atrovirens Sm. (Stigonema) 28 atrula Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 235 atrum, Cori, ete. Dill. (Lichen.) 331 atrynea Nyl. (Lecanora) 414 AULACOGRAPHA Leight. ii. 246 aurantiaca Nyl. (Lecanora) 373 aurantiaca Sm. (Lecidea) 373 aurantiacus Light. (Lichen) 373,374 aurata Ach. (Sticta) 274 auratus Vi. Bot. t. 2359 (Lichen) 274 aurella Hoffm. (Verrucaria) 369 aureola Ach. (Parmelia) 298 auriculata Th. Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 79 auriculatum Hoffm. (Collema) 42 auruntw Massal. (Verrucaria) ii. 298 austera Nyl. (Lecanora) 453 BACIDIA De Not. ii. 149 bacillaris Nyl. (Cladonia) 171 bacillaris Ach. (Be@omyces) 171 bacillaris Gray (Scyphophora) 167,171 bacillifera Carroll (Lecidea) ii. 158 badia Ach. (Lecanora) 451 badia Gray (Rinodina) 452 badioatra Koerb. (Buellia) ii. 182 badioatra Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 182 badius Pers. (Lichen) 452 beomma A. L. Sm. (Biator.) ii. 115 beomma Nyl. (Lecanora) ii. 115 beomma Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 BHOMYCES Pers. 108 Beomyces E. Bot. t. 374 (Lichen) 111 baliola Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 101 baliolum Ach. (Calicium) 92 barbata Hook. (Usnea) 204 barbata Sm. (Usnea) 206 barbata loris, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 204 barbatus Huds. (Lichen) 204 INDEX Beckhausii Koerb. (Bacidia) ii. 158 bellidifiora Floerke (Cladonia) 163 belldiflora Hook. (Cenomyce) 163 bellidiflorus Ach. (Lichen) 163 _ bellidiflorous Sm. (Scyphophorus) 163 Berengeriana Massal. (Biatora) ii. 35 Berengeriana Th. Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 35 betulina Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 250 betulina Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 233 BIATORELLA De Not. ii. 107 BIATORINA Massal. ii. 110 biatorinum Ny}. (Collema) 58 biatorinum Nyl. (Collemodium) 57 bicincta Nyl. (Lecanora) 422 bicincta Ram. (Lecanora) 422 bicolor Ny}. (Alectoria) 214 bicolor Gray (Cornicularia) 214 bicolor Hhrh. (Lichen) 214 biformigera A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 129 biformigera Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 129 biformis Oliv. (Acrocordia) ii. 314 biformis Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 314 BILIMBIA De Not. ii. 133 biloculata A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 168 biloculata Nyl. (Lecanora) 383 biloculata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 168 Bischoffii Nyl. (Lecanora) 399 Bischoffii Hepp (Psora) 400 bispora Ny]. (Solorina) 282 Bockii Fr, (Lecanora) 464 Bockit Rodig. (Parmelia) 464 bolacinum Ny]. (Dendriscocaulon) 77 bolacinum Cromb. (Homodiwm) 77 bolacumem Cromb. (Leptogium) 77 BOMBYLIOSPORA De Not. ii. 198 Borrervi EK. Bot. t. 1780 (Lichen) 245 Borreri Turn. (Parmelia) 245 Borrert Mudd (Thelidiwm) ii. 297 Borrert Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 297 botryiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 47 botryoswm Sm. (Stereocauion) 121 Bouteillei Arnold (Biatorina) ii. 119 Bouteiliet Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 119 Bouteillei Desmaz. (Parmelia) ii. 119 breadalbanensis Stirton (Lecidea) ii, 44 breviuscula Nyl. (Ramalina) 198 Brujeriana Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 24 brunnea Hook. (Lecanora) 338 brunnea Nyl. (Pannaria) 337 brunneolum Nyl. (Calicium) 90 371 brunneum Gray (Psoroma) 338 brunneus Sw. (Lichen) 338 bryontha Nyl. (Pertusaria) 492 bryophila Nyl. (Urceolaria) 517 bryophilus Khrh. (Lichen) 517 bryospila A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 324 bryospila Nyl. (Verrucaria) BUELLIA De Not. ii. 165 Burgessii Hook. (Collema) 76 Burgessii Mont. (Leptogium) 76 Burgess Lightf. (Lichen) 76 Burgessit Gray (Mallotiwm) 76 byssacea A. L.Sm.(Arthopyr.) ii. 321 byssacea Zwackh (Biatora) ii. 120 byssaceaS. F'. Gray (Inoderma) ii. 353 byssacea Nyl. (Stenocybe) 98 byssacea Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 314, 321 byssaceum Fr. (Calcium) 98 byssoboliza A. L. Sm. (Bilimb.) 11.141 byssoboliza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 141 byssoides Mudd (Ba@omyces) 110 byssoides Carring. (Hphebe) 36 byssordes Linn. (Lichen) 109 li, 324 ceruleo-badius Schl. (Lichen) 337 cerulescens Mudd (Lecania) 448 cerulescens Huds. (Lichen) 346 cesariensis Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 243 cesia Mudd. (Borrera) 317 cesia Gray (Parmelia) 317 cesia Nyl. (Physcia) 317 cesia Sm. (Squamaria) 317 ceesiocinerea Nyl. (Lecanora) 472 cesiolepra Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 cesiorufa Ny]. (Lecanora) 378 cesiorufa Sm. (Lecanora) 365 cesiorufa Gray (Lecidea) 376 cestorufus HE. Bot. t. 1040 (Lichen) 365 cesium Fr. (Agyrvwm) ii. 36 cesius Hoftm. (Lichen) 317 cespititia Floerke (Cladonia) 159 cespitiivus Pers. (Be@omyces) 160 cespititius EH, Bot. t. 1796 (Lichen) 160 cespititius Sm. (Scyphophorus) 160 cespitosa exrlis, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 256 calcarea Mudd (Aspicilia) 473 calcarea 8. F. Gray (Hysterina) ii. 237 calcarea Somm. (Lecanora) 473 2B 2 372 calcarea Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 189 calearea Turn. (Opegrapha) ii, 236 calearea Deakin (Sagedia) ii, 312 calcarea Sm. (Urceolaria) 474 calcareum Koerb. (Diplotomma) ii. 193 calceareum Th. Fr. (Rhizocarp.) 11, 193 calcareus Nyl. (Hndococcus) ii, 343 caleareus Linn. (Lichen) 474 calcaricola Mudd. (Microthel.) ii. 343 calcaricola Leight. (Verrucar.) ii. 343 calcaricolum Arn. (Ticothec.) ii. 343 calearius Weis (Lichen) ii. 189, 193 calciseda DC. (Verrucaria) ii. 295 calcivora Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 40 calcivorus Khrh. (Lichen) ii. 40 calicaris Huds. (Lichen) 187, 192 calicaris Hofim. (Lobaria) 187 calicaris Nyl. (Ramalina) 187 calicioides Del. (Beeomyces) 108 calicioides Nyl. (Gomphillus) 108 caligans A. L. Sm. (Bacidia) ii. 157 caligans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 157 callicarpa Larb. (Lecidea) ii. 48 callista Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 93 callopisma Ach. (Lecanora) 362 callopismum Mudd (Placodiwm) 362 calpodes Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 49 calva Nyl. (Lecanora) 387 calvus Dicks. (Lichen) 387 campestris Th. Fr. (Biatorella) 11. 353 cana Leight. (Alectoria) 213 CANDELARIA (Mass.) Nyl. 366 candelaria Hook. (Lecanora) 363: candelaria Mudd (Physcia) 368 candelaria Sm. (Squamaria) 378 candelarium Gray (Psoroma) 368 candelarius Huds. (Lichen) 368, 371 candelarius K. Bot. t. 1794 (Lichen) 300 candicans Scheer. (Lecanora) 390 candicans Dicks. (Lichen) 390 candicans Mudd (Placodiwm) candicans Sim. (Squamaria) 390 candida Jatta (Biatorina) ii. 111 candida A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 137 candida Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 111 candidum §. ¥. Gray (Lepid.) ii. 111 candidum et farinaceum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 496, 497 candidum Massal. (Thalloidima) ii. L1t candidus Sm. (Lichen) 390 ii, 137, 203 INDEX fidLL ii, 289 candidus Weber (Lichen) canella Nyl. (Verrucaria) canescens De Not. (Buellia) ii. 165 canescens Massal. (Diploicia) ii. 166 canescens Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 166 canescens S. F. Gray (Lepidoma) ii. 166 canescens Dicks, (Lichen) canescens DC, (Placodiuwm) canina Gray (Peltidea) 287 canina Hoffm. (Peltigera) 287 caminus Linn, (Lichen) 287 cantharellum Gray (Phacotvwm) 100 cantharellus Ei. Bot. t. 2557 (Lichen) 100 caperata Ach. (Parmelia) 245 caperatum rosacee, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 246 caperatus Linn. (Lichen) 246 capillacea citrina, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 295 capillacea nodosa Dill. (Usnea) capillaris Cromb. (Alectoria) capitata Nyl. (Ramalina) 193 capitatus Sm. (Lichen) 99 : capitellatum Gray (Strongylium) 99 capnodes Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 322 caradocensis A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 133 caradocensis Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 133 caradocensis Mudd (Psora) ii, 14,133 ii, 165 ii. 166 206 213 carbonacea Jatta (Bilimbia) ii. 134 carbonacea Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 134 carbonacea Anzi (Toninia) ii. 134 carcata Ach. (Cenomyce?) 171 cariosa Spreng. (Cladonia) 134 cariosa Borr. (Cenomyce) 134 cariosus Ach. (Lichen) 184 carneoalbens A, L. Sm. (Bacidia) ii. 155 carneoalbens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 155 carneoglauca A. L. Sm. (Bacidia} ii. 155 carneoglauca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 155 carneola Koerb. (Bacidia) ii. 9 carneola Mudd (Cladomia) 137 carneola Boist. (Gyalecta) ii. 9 carneola Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 9 carneolutea Boistel (Gyalecta) ii. 9 carneolutea Mudd (Lecania) ii. 9 carneolutea Hook. (Lecanora) ii. 9 carneolutea Nyl. (Lecidea) i. 9 INDEX carneolutea Turn. (Parmelia) ii. 9 carneolutea 8. F, Gray (Rinodina) ii. 9 carneoluteus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 9 carneopallida Nyl. (Lecidea) 507 carneopallida Anzi (Pertusaria) 507 carnosa Mudd (Massalongia) 344 carnosa Leight. (Pannaria) 344 carnosa Cromb. (Pannularia) 344 carnosus Dicks. (Lichen) 344 carpinea A. Zahlbr. (Porina) ii. 334 carpinea Pers. (Verrucaria) ii. 334 carporhizans Cromb. (Parmelia) 239 carporhizans Tayl. (Parmelia) 239 Carrollii A. L. Sm. (Leptorhaphis) ii. 330 Carrollit Mudd (Spheromph.) ii. 309 Carroll Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 309 cartilaginea Ach. (Lecanora) 353 cartilaginea Borr. (Squamaria) 353 cartilaginea Carroll (Verrucaria) ii. 272 cartilagineum, scutellis, etc. Dill. (L7- chenoides) 351 cartilagineus Lightf. (Lichen) 351 cartilagineus Ach. (Lichen) 353 cartilaginosum, etc. Dill. (Lichen.) 127 cascarille Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 214 cascarille Fée (Coniocarpon) ii. 214 cataleptoides Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 287 cataractarum Hepp (Sagedia) ii. 298 cataractarum Mudd (Thelidium) ii. 298 CATTILARIA Massal. ii. 110. caule rigido, etc. Dill. (Lichen.) cechumena Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 84 cechumena Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 65 cechumenus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 85 cenisia Ach. (Lecanora) 415 cenotea Scher. (Cladonia) 155 cenoteus Ach. (Ba@omyces) 155 centrifugum Nyl. (Pterygium) 34 centrifugus Huds. (Lichen) 247 ceraniscum Nyl. (Collema) 42 ceranoides Borr. (Collema) 48 ceranoides Mudd (Collema) 42 ceranoides Nyl. (Collema) 48 Cerasi Massal. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 328 Cerasi Ach. (Graphis) ii. 250 Cerasi Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 328 ceratina Ach. (Usnea) 205 212 373 ceratophyllon obtusius, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 258, 259 cerebrina Massal. (Encephalographa) ii. 225 cerebrina Leight. (Lithogr.) ii. 226 cerebrina Mudd (Melanosp.) ii. 226 cerebrina DC. (Opegrapha) ii. 226 cereolinum Sm. (Stereocaulon) 115,122 cereolus Ach. (Lichen) 115 cereolus Nyl. (Pilophorus) 114 cereolus Ach. (Stereocaulon) 115 cereolus Borr. (Stereocaulon) 122 cerina Ach. (Lecanora) 380 cerina Gray (Rinodina) 380 cerinaria Mudd (Spheria) ii. 344 cerinaria Berl. cium) ii. 344 cerinella Nyl. (Lecanora) 382 cerrmum Mudd (Callopisma) 380 cerinus Khrh. (Lichen) 380 cervicornis Scher. (Cladonia) 144 cervicornis Ach. (Lichen) 144 cervicormis Sm. (Scyphophorus) cervina Mudd (Acarospora) 483 cervina Cromb. (Lecanora) 482, 483 cervinum Gray (Psoroma) 483 Cesatw Leight. (Placodiwm) 390 Cesatw Mass. (Ricasolia) 390 CETRARIA Ach. 215 cetrarioides Nyl. (Parmelia) 235 ceuthocarpa Turn. & Borr. (Pertu- saria) 501 ceuthocarpa Tayl. (Porina) 501 ceuthocarpus Sm. (Lichen) 501 chalazanodes Ny]. (Collema) 40 chalazanum Ach. (Collema) 39 chalybeea Scher. (Lecanora) 390 chalybea Duf. (Parmelia) 391 chalybeum Mudd (Placodium) 391 chalybeia Mudd (Biatorina) ii. 127 chalybeia Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 128 chalybeiformis Nyl. (Alectoria) 212 chalybeiformis Gray (Alectoria) 212 chalybetformis Linn. (Lichen) 212 cheilea Mudd (Massalongia) 341 cheilea Nyl. (Pannaria) 341 cheileum Ach. (Collema) 49 cheileus Ach. (Lichen) 49 Chevalliert Leight. (Opegrapha) ii. 237 CHIODECTON Ach. ii. 261 CHIOGRAPHA Leight. ii, 252 & Vogl. (Ticothe- 144 374 chlarona Nyl. (Lecanora) 413 chlarona Cromb. (Lecanora) 4138 chlarotera Nyl. (Lecanora) 417 chlorellum Turn. & Borr. (Calic.) 88 chlorina Nyl. (Lecanora) 381 chlorococca A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii, 329 chlorococca Graewe (Bilimbia) ii. 148 chlorococca Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 329 chloroleuca Hook. (Lecanora) 381 chloroleucus Sm, (Lichen) 381 chloromelum Muda (Leptogiuwm) 74 chlorophea Floerke (Cenomyce) 130 chlorophea Hepp (Lecidea) ii. 190 chloropheodes Nyl. (Lecanora) 442 chloropheum A. L. Sm. (Rhizocar- pon) ii, 190 chloropolia Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 170 chloroscotina Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 128 chlorothecia Tayl. (Variolaria) 500 chlorotica Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 152 chlorotica Wainio (Porina) ii. 335 chlorotica Hepp (Verrucaria) ii. 283 chlorotica Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 335 chloroticula A. L. Sm. (Bacidia) ii. 155 chloroticula Nyl. (Lecidea) chlorotiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 121 chlorotropoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 140 chondrotypa Ach. (Lecanora) 420 chrysocephalum Ach. (Calicium) 87 chrysocephalum Sm. (Calicuum) 87 chrysocephalum Mudd (Cyphel.) 87 chrysocephalum Gray (Phacotiwm) 87 chrysocephalus Turn. (Lichen) 87 chrysoleuca Ach. (Lecanora) 352 chrysoleuca Leight. (Sqwamaria) 352 chrysoleucus Sm. (Lichen) 352 chrysophana Koerb. (Aspicilia) 439 chrysophana Nyl. (Lecanora) 480 chrysophthalma Gray (Borrera) 296 chrysophthalma DC. (Physcia) 296 chrysophthalmus Linn. (Lichen) 296 ciliaris Gray (Borrera) 302 ciliaris Linn. (Lichen) 302 ciliaris DC. (Physcia) 302 ciliata Nyl. (Parmelia) 233 ciliata Tayl. (Sticta) 269 ciliatus Dicks. (Lichen) 319 cinerascens A. L. Sm. (Lecidea) ii. 73 cinerascens With. (Lichen) ii. 73 cinerea Mudd (Aspicilia) 466 11, 155 INDEX cinerea Somm, (Lecanora) 466 cinerea Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 296 cinerea Fr, (Sagedia) ii. 271 cinerea Sm. (Urceolaria) 466 cinerea Hook. (Verrucaria) ii. 320 cinerella Flot. (Verrucaria) ii. 331 cinereopruinosa Koerb,(Arthopyrenia) ii. 318 cinereopruinosa Scher, (Verrucaria) ii. 318 cinereorufescens Nyl. (Lecanora) 468 cinereorufescens Cromb. (Lecanora) 468 cinereorufescens Ach, (Urceolaria) 468 cinereum Pers. (Calicium) 86 cinereum Nyl. (Calicium) 86 cinereum Th. Fr. (Dermatocarpon) ii, 271 cimereum Pers. (Endocarpon) ii, 271 cinereum polydactylon Dill. (Lichen- oides) 291 cinereum, segmentis, etc. chenoides) 313, 317 cinereus Ach. (Lichen) 466 cinnabarina Wallr. (Arthonia) ii. 208 cinnabarina Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 18 cinnabarinum DC. (Coniocarpon) _ ii. 208 circinata Ach. (Lecanora) 403 circinata Cromb. (Lecanora) 403 circinata Mudd (Squamaria) 403 circinatula Nyl. (Lecanora) 404 circinatum Gray (Placodium) 403 circinatus Pers. (Lichen) 403 circumpallens A. L. Sm. (Bacidia) ii. 161 circumpailens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 161 circumscripta Leight. (Sagedia) ii. 260 circumscripta Mudd (Stigmatella) ii. 260 circumscripta Tayl. (Verrawcaria) ii. 260 : Dill. (Li- | cireumscriptum A. Zahlbr. (Sclero- phyton) ii. 260 circumscriptum Carroll dium) ii. 261 cirrochroa Ach. (Lecanora) 363 cirrochroum Cromb. (Placodwwm) 363 (Stigmati- INDEX citrina Leight. (Coniocybe) 89 citrina Ach. (Lecanora) 371 citrina Hoffm. (Verrucaria) 371 citrinella Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 164 citrinellus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 164 citrinum Cromb. (Caliciwm) 89 citrinum Mudd (Cypheliwm) 89 citrinum Leight. (Placodiwm) 3871 citrinus EK. Bot. t. 1793 (Lichen) 369, 371 CLADINA Nyl. 173 CLADONIA Hill. 126 cladoniaria Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 104 clavellum Turn. & Borr. (Calic.) 92 clavellus EK. Bot. t. 1465 (Lichen) 92 claviculare Gray (Phacotiwm) 92 clavulifera Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 19 Clementi EK. Bot. t. 1779 (Lichen) 316 Clementi Turn. (Parmelia) 316 Clementi Sm. (Squamaria) 316 clopima Th. Fr. (Staurothele) ii. 311 clopima Wahlenb. (Verrucaria) ii. 311 coarctata Hook. (Lecanora) ii. 22 coarctata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 22 coarctata S. F. Gray (Rinodina) ii. 22 coarctatus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 22 coccifera Hook. (Cenomyce) 161 coccifera Tayl. (Cladomia) 129 coccifera Scher. (Cladonia) 161 coccifera Gray (Scyphophora) 161 cocciferus Linn. (Lichen) 161 cocciferus Hook. (Scyphophorus) 163 coccinea Cromb. (Lecanora) 454 coccineum Mudd (Hematomma) 454 COCCOCARPIA Pers. 345 coccodes Turn. & Borr. (Isidiwm) 502 coccodes Ach. (Lichen) 502 coccodes Nyl. (Pertusaria) 502 cochleatus Dicks. (Lichen) 74 codonoidea Leight. (Verrucaria) | ii. 335 CCENOGONIUM Ehrenb. ii. 2 cerulea DC. (Verrucaria) ii, 287 ceeruleonigricans A. L. Sm. (Bia- torina) ii. 110 ceruleonigricans Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 111 ceruleongricans Lightf. (Lichen) ii. 110 375 ceruleonigricans Hook. (Psora) ii. 111 ceruleus Ramond (Lichen) ii. 287 coilocarpa Nyl. (Lecanora) 415 COLLEMA Wigg. 39 COLLEMODIUM Nyl. 57 colleta A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia?) ii. 325 colleta Stirton (Verrucaria) collinus Ach. (Lichen) 291 colludens Tuckerm. (Buellia) ii, 181 colludens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 181 colobina Ach. (Lecanora) 400 columnatula A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 129 columnatula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 129 commaculans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 102 commixtum Nyl. (Platysma) 223 communis DC. (Pertusaria) 499 commutata Ach. (Lecanora) ii, 125 compacta Hass. (Hassallia) 19 compactum Ach. (Collema) 45 compactum Nyl. (Gonionema) 19 compactum Koerb. (Scoliciosporwm) ii. 163 compactum Ag. (Scytonema) 19 compactus Ktz. (Szrosiphon) 19 complicatum Ach. (Hndocarpon) ii. 268 complicatus Swartz (Lichen) ii. 268 complicatus Mudd (Synechoblastus) 54 compressus Ach. (Spherophorus) 104 concentrica Leight. (Lecidea) ii, 194 concentricus Davies (Lichen) ii. 194 concilians Nyl. (Lecanora) 377 concinna Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 291 concinnum Flot. (Collema) 49 concolor Dicks. (Lichen) 300, 368 concreta Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 197 concreta Nyl. (Pertusaria) 503 condensatum Hoffm. (Stereocaulon) 121 condyloideum Ach. (Stereocaulon) 122 conferta Nyl. (Lecanora) 427 conferta Dub. (Patellaria) 427 conferta Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 345 confertula Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 17 confertum Nyl. (Collema) 41 confervoides Krempelh. (Buellia) ii. 182 confervoides DC. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 195 confinis Ach. (Lichen) 32 li, 325 376 confinis Ag. (Lichina) 382 confluens Ach. (Lecidea) confluens Weber (Lichen) li. 72 ii. 72 confluens Stiz. (Opegrapha) ii. 237 confederans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 79 conformis Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii, 314 confragosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 397 confragosa Ach. (Parmelia) 397 confusa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 60 confusior A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 130 confusior Nyl. (Lecidea) confusula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 95 conglomerata Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 33 conglomerata Cromb. (Lecidea) ii, 112 conglomeratum Cromb. (Collema) 56 conglomeratus Heyder (Lichen) ii. 33 conglomeratus Mudd (Synechoblastus) 56 congruella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 8 CONIOCYBE Ach. 98 coniops Th. Fr. (Buellia) coniops Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 130 ii. 178 ii. 53 comps Wahlenb. (Lecidea) ii. 178 coniopsoidea Hue (Lecidea) ii. 197 comopsoideum Hepp (Rhizocarpon) il. 197 coniopta Nyl. (Lecanora) 399 conista Gray (Scyphophora) 135 conizea Ach. (Lecanora) ii. 117 conizea Nyl. (Lecanora) 431 conizeoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 431 conoidea Fr. (Verrucaria) ii. 315_ conoidewm Mudd (Thelidiwm) ii. 315 CONOTREMA Tuck. ii.1 Conradi Nyl. (Lecanora) 400 Conradi Koerb. (Rinodina) 401 consentiens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 64 consequens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 325 conspersa Ach. (Parmelia) 247 conspersus Khrh. (Lichen) 247 consiellata Tayl. (Variolaria) 495,512 constrictella A. L.Sm.(Melasp.) ii. 228 constrictella Stirton (Opegr.) ii. 228 contenebricans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 90 contexta Stirton (Opegrapha) ii. 231 contigua Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 67 contigua Hofim. (Verrucaria) ii. 67 contiguella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 79 continwior Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 53 contorta Tayl. (Urceolaria) 474 contortula Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 64 INDEX contortus Hofim. (Lichen) 474 contristans A. LL. Sm. (Biator.) ii. 130 contristans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 130 conturmatula Nyl. (Verruc.) ii. 296 coracina Koerb. (Buellia) ii. 179 coracina Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 179 coracina Hofim. (Verrwearia) ii. 179 | coralliforme, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 187, 188 corallina Gray (Variolaria) 500 corallinum Gray (Isidiwm) 501 corallinus Linn. (Lichen) 501 coralloidea Ach. (Cenomyce) 148 coralloidea Mudd (Cladowia) 148 coralloidea Nyl. (Cladonia) 148 coralloides Pers. (Sphzrophorus) 104 coralloides Fr. (Stereocaulon) 117 coralloides lanae, etc. Dill. (Muscus) 214 coriacella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 90 coriacewm etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 325, ii. 267 CORISCIUM Wainio ii. 264 cornea Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 9. corneum marguribus, etc. Dill. (Li- chenoides) 827 corneus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 9 corniculata Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 266 corniculatum Wallr. (Obryz.) ii. 266 corniculatum candidum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 230 corniculatum, fuci, ete. Dill. (Coral- loides) 258 corniculatus Lightf. (Lichen) 257 corniculis, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 150, 152 corniculus, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 133 cornucopioides Ach. (Baomyces) 162 cornucopioides Cromb. (Cladomia) 161 cornucopioides Linn. (Lichen) 161 cornucopioides Huds. (Lichen) 162 cornucopioides incanum, ete. Dill. (Coralloides) 170 cornuta Fr. (Cladonia) 141 cornutum amarum, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 231 | cornutum bronchiale, etc. Dill. (Lichen- cides) 192, 195, 229, 230 cornutus Lightf. (Lichen) 1388 cornutus Linn. (Lichen) 142 corollidia Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 66 coronata Floerke (Lecanora) 338 INDEX coronata Sm. (Lecidea) 338 corrosa Koerb (Limboria) ii. 809 corrosa Arn. (Microglena) ii. 309 corrugata Gray (Parmelia) 250 corrugatum Fr. (Cliostomum) ii. 117 corrugatus Ki. Bot. t. 1652 (Lichen) 250 corticola A. L. Sm. (Gyalecta) corticola Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 188 corticola Ach. (Lichen) ii. 188 corticola Lonur. (Pachyphiale) ii. 8 crassa Hée (Enterographa) ii. 258 crassa Ach. (Lecanora) 351 crassa DC. (Opegrapha) ii. 258 crassa Hook. (Pertusaria) ii. 259 crassa Sm. (Squamaria) 351 crassius subincanum, etc. Dill. (Coral- loides) 154, 166 crassum Gray (Psoroma) 351 crassum Dub. (Stigmatidiwm) ii, 258 crassus Huds. (Lichen) 351 crenata Nyl. (Lecanora) 367 crenularius With. (Lichen) 376 crenulata Nyl. (Lecanora) 424 crenulatella Nyl. (Lecanora) 375 crenulatus Dicks. (Lichen) 424 cretaceum Sm. (Collema) 67 cretaceum Gray (Enchylium) 67 cretaceum Nyl. (Leptogium) 67 cretaceus Ki. Bot. t. 738 (Lichen) 67 crinitus Lightf. (Lichen) 327 crispa Cromb. (Cetraria) 216 crispa Nyl. (Cetraria) 216 crispa Gray (Peltidea) 288 crispata Nyl. (Cladonia) 154 crispum Ach. (Collema) 47 crispum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 120 crispum Gray (Enchylium) 49 crispus E. Bot. t. 834 (Lichen) 45 crispus Ach. (Lichen) 48 cristata A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 132 cristata Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 132 cristatum Hoffm. (Collema) 53 cristatum Sm. (Collema) 46 cristatus Huds. (Lichen) 46 crocata Gray (Sticta) 266 crocata Nyl. (Stictina) 266 crocatus Linn. (Lichen) 267 crocea Ach. (Solorina) 280 croceus Linn. (Lichen) 280 Crombei A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 328 ii. 8 377 Crombiei Jones (Lecidea) ii, 83 crusta foliosa, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 241, 246, 251, 297 crusta tenuissima, etc. (Lichenoides) ii. 249 crustaceum et leprosum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 411, 450, 458, 516 crustosum, orbiculare, etc. Dill. (11- chenoides) 405, ii. 165 crustosum, orbiculis, etc. Dill. (I7- chenoides) 362, 371 crustulata Koerb. (Lecidea) ii. 70 cucullata Mudd (Cetraria) 220 cucullatum Nyl. (Platysma) 220 cucullatus Bellard (Lichen) 220 cumulata Th. Fr. (Biatorina) ii. 112 cumulata Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 112 cuprea Massal. (Bilimbia) ii. 139 cuprea Sommerf, (Lecidea) ii. 35 cupretformis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 36 cupreorosella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 139 cupularis Scher. (Gyalecta) ii. 5 cupularis Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 6 cupularis Khrh. (Lichen) ii. 6 cupularis With. (Lichen) 507 Curnowii A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 338 Curnowii Cromb. (Ramalina) 199 curtiusculum Nyl. (Calicium) 93 curtum Turn. & Borr. (Calicium) 93 curtum Gray (Phacotium) 93 curvescens Mudd (Pannaria) 450 cuspidata Nyl. (Ramalina) 197 cyanolepra DC, (Patellaria) 380 cyclisca Massal. (Biatora) ii. 58 cyclisca Malbr. (Lecidea) ii. 58 cycloselis BH. Bot. t. 1942 (Lichen) 318 cycloselis Ach. (Parmelia) 318 cylindrica Ach. (Gyrophora) 327 cylindrica Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 327 cylindricus Ach. (Lichen) 327 cyrtaspis Gray (Urceolaria) 479 cyrtella Th. Fr. (Biatorina) ii, 117 cyrtella Ach. (Lecidea) ii, 118 cyrtellus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 118 DACAMPIA Massal. ii. 273 dactylina Nyl. (Pertusaria) 493 dactylinus Ach. (Lichen) 493 DACTYLOSPORA Koerb. ii. 185 damecornis Nyl. (Sticta) 273 dasypoga Nyl. (Usnea) 203 dealbata Nyl. (Pertusaria) 500 378 dealbatula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 62 dealbatus Ach. (Lichen) 500 debile %). Bot. t. 2462 (Caliciwm) debile Gray (Strongylium) 95 decincta Nyl. (Lecanora) 480 decipiens Nyl. (Lecanora) 359 decipiens Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 15 decipiens S. ¥'. Gray (Lepidoma) 11.15 decipiens Ehrh. (Lichen) ii. 15 decipiens Arn. (Physcia) 360 decipiens Leight. (Placodiwm) decypiens Hook. (Psora) ii. 15 declinans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 75 declinascens Nyl. (Lecidea), ii. 353 decolorans Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 25 decolorans Hofim. (Verrucaria) ii. 25 deducta A. lu. Sm. (Bilimbia) 11. 148 deducta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 149 deformis Hook. (Cenomyce) 165 deformis Hoffm. (Cladonia) 165 deformis Huds. (Lichen) 154, 166 deformis Linn. (Lichen) 165 deformis Sm. (Scyphophorus) 165 degenerans Floerke (Capitularia) 146 degenerans Floerke (Cladonia) 146 degenerascens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 281 delicata Floerke (Cladonia) 160 delicatula Ny]. (Pannularia) 345 delicatula Fr. (Arctomia) 345 delicatula Nyl. (Pannaria) 345 delicatum Gray (Helopodium) 160 delicatus Ehrh. (Lichen) 160 delimis A. L.Sm. (Lecanactis) ii. 204 delimis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 204 Deliset Cromb. (Cetraria) 217 Delisei Leight. (Parmelia) 253 Delisei Nyl. (Parmelia) 253 Delisei Bory (Stereocaulon) 117 deludens A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii, 182 deludens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 182 delutula A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 115 delutula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 deminuta Arn. (Polyblastia) 11. 302 deminuta Cromb. (Verrucaria) 11. 302 demissa Th. Fries (Lecidea) ii. 29 demissus Rutstr. (Lichen) ii. 29 DENDRISCOCAULON Nyl. 77 dendriscum Nyl. (Leptogium) 36 dendriscum Ny]. (Leptogidium) 36 dendritica A. L. Sm. (Arthonia) ii. 213 95 360 | dermatinum Borr. (Collema) INDEX dendritica Ach. (Graphis) ii. 253 dendritica Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 253 dendritica Muell. (Pheeographis) ii. 253 dendritica Hoftm. (Verrucaria) ii. 85 dendriticum Leight. (Hymenod.) ii, 253- dendriticum Leight. (Stigmat.) ii. 218 dendriticus Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 85 dendrographa Nyl. (Lithographa) ii. 222 demigrata Fr. (Biatora) ii, 122 denigrata S. F. Gray (Hyster.) ii. 232 denigrata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 122 denigrata Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 231 dengratus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 232 denudatum Floerke (Stereoc.) 120 deparcula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 62 depressa Nyl. (Lecanora) 471 42, 43 dermatinum Leight. (Leptogiwm) 43 DERMATOCARPON Eschw. ii. 267 dermatodes Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 341 desistens A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 329 desistens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 329 destricta Nyl. (Cladina) 150 deusta Ki. Bot. t. 2483 (Gyroph.) 333 deustus Huds. (Lichen) 325 devergescens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii, 282 devulgata Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 241 diacapsis Sm. (Lichen) ii. 85 diamartus Wahl. (Lichen) 468 diaphoraS. F. Gray (Alyxoria) ii. 239 diaphora Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 239 diaphorus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 239 | diatrypa Hook. (Parmelia) 262 diatrypa Gray (Physcia) 262 diatrypus Sm. (Lichen) 262 Dicksonii Nyl. (Lecanora) 476 Dicksonii Ach. (Lichen) 476 diducens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 79 didyma Koerb. (Arthonia) ii. 207 didymospora Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 106 difformis Wainio (Biatorella) ii. 109 difformis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 109 difformis Fr. (Peziza) ii. 109 diffracta Turn. (Graphis) ii. 251 diffractum Nyl. (Collema) 80 diffractum Kremp. (Leptogium) 68 diffractus Ach. (Lichen) 354 diffundens Nyl. (Collemopsis) diffundens Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 80 80 INDEX diffusa Leight. (Melanotheca) ii. 348 diffusa Gray (Parmelia) 222 diffusa Mudd (Parmelia) 263 diffusum Nyl. (Platysma) 222 diffusus Web. (Lichen) 222 digitata Hook. (Cenomyce) 170 digitata Hoffm. (Cladonia) 166 digitata Gray (Scyphophora) 166 digitatum cinereum, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 287, 290 digitatum laete-virens, etc. (Lichenoides) 278 digitatum rufescens, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 289 digitatus Lightf. (Lichen) 170 digitatus Linn. (Lichen) 166 digitatus Sm. (Scyphophorus) 170 Dilleniana Koerb. (Lecanactis) ii. 203 Dilleniana Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 203 Dillenianus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 203 Dillenit With. (Lichen) 325 diluta Th. Fr. (Biatorina) ii. 113 diluta Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 114 diluta Pers. (Peziza) ii. 113 dilutiuscula Nyl. (Lecidea) dimera Nyl. (Lecanora) 449 diplasiospora A. Zahlbr. (Melaspilea) ii. 227 diplastospora Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 227 diplinthia Nyl. (Lecanora) 401 diploellum Nyl. (Calicium) 96 DIPLOICIA Massal. ii. 165 DIPLOTOMMA Flot. ii. 187 DIRINA Fr. 490 disciformis Mudd (Buellia) ii. 176 disciformis Ny). (Lecidea) ii. 176 discolor Koerb. (Buellia) 11. 168 discolor Hepp (Lecidea) ii. 168 discolorella Leight. (Lecanora) ii. 57 discolorella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 57 discreta Leight. (Lecanora) 485 discreta Nyl. (Lecanora) 485 discreta Nyl. (Parmelia) 256 dispansa Ny. (Lecidea) ii. 100 disparata S. F. Gray (Hysterina) ii. 230 dispersa Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 212 dispersa Duf. (Arthonia) ii. 220 dispersa Nyl. (Lecanora) 406 dispersa Schrad. (Opegrapha) ii. 212 dispersa DC. (Opegrapha) ii. 220 Dill. ii. 98 379 dispersum Mudd (Arthothel.) ii. 220 dispora A. L.Sm,(Microthel.) ii. 331 dissecta Nyl. (Parmelia) 247 dissepta A. L. Sm. (Microth.) ii. 332 dissepta Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 332 dissidens Nyl. (Lecanora) 361 dissipata Nyl. (Lecanora) 405 distinctum Th. Fr. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 196 divergens Nyl. (Alectoria) 210 divergens Ach. (Cornicularia) 210 dolichotera Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 266 dolichoteron Nyl. (Obryzum) ii. 266 dolomitica Massal. (Verruc.) ii. 294 dolomiticum Massal. (Amphoridiwm) li. 294 dolosa A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) dolosus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 128 dubia Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 50 dubiella A. L. Sm. (Pharcidia ?) ii. 344 dubiella Nyl. (Verrucaria) dubius Sm. (Lichen) ii. 51 Dufourei Nyl. (Stictina) 269 Dufourei Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 143 Dufouret Del. (Sticta) 269 Dufourii DC. (Verrucaria) Dufourw Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 128 li. 344 ii. 291 ii. 297 ebenea Dillw. (Conferva) ii. 3 ebeneum A.S.Sm. (Coengonium) ii. 3 ebeneus Ag. (Chroolepus) ii. 3 ebeneus Thwaites (Cystocolews) effusa Arnold (Bacidia) ii. 154 effusa Ach. (Lecanora) 441 effusa Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 154 effusa Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 34 effusus Pers. (Lichen) 441 effusus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 113, 154 egenula Th. Fr. (Bacidia) ii. 157 egenula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 157 Ehrhartiana Mudd (Biatorina) ii. 117 Ehrhartiana Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 117 Ehrhartianus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 117 elaborata Leight. (Platygramma) ii. 260 elachistophora Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 296 elacista Ach. (Parmelia) ii. 23 eleaina Gray. (Parmelia) 320 eleina Sm. (Squamaria) 321 eleina Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 327 i. 3 380 eleinum Mudd (Thelidium) ii. 327 elewmus EK, Bot. t. 2158 (Lichen) 821 eleochroma Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 52 eleomelena Massal. (Lithoicea) ii. 280 el@omelena Massal. (Verrucar.) ii. 280 elassosporum Nyl. (Calicium) 90 elatina Ach. (Lecanora) 455 elegans Ach. (Arthonia) ii. 211 elegans Leight. (Awlacographa) ii. 247 | elegans Ach. (Graphis) ii. 247 elegans Ach. (Lecanora) 358 elegans Link (Lichen) 358 elegans K. Bot. t. 2181 (Lichen) 361 elegans Borr. (Opegrapha) elegans Mudd (Placodium) elegans Sm. (Squamaria) elegans Deak. (Sticta) 269 elongatula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 321 encausta Ach. (Parmelia) 261 encaustus EK. Bot. t. 2049 (Lichen) 256 encaustus Sm. (Lichen) 261 ENCEPHALOGRAPHA Massal. | ii. 225 enclitica Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 100 endivefolia Fr. (Cladonia) 127 creche: foltis, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 226 endivifolia Hook. (Cenomyce) 127 endivifolius Dicks. (Lichen) 127 endwifolius Sm. (Scyphophorus) ENDOCARPON Hedw. ii. 274 - endocarpon With. (Lichen) ii. 274 endochlora Light. (Parmelia) 237 360, ii. 247 358 358 127 endococcoidea Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 344 | endocyanea Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 17 endoleuca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 161 endomelena Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 57 endopella Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 42. enterochlora Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 50 ENTEROGRAPHA Fée ii. 258 enteroleuca Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 52 enteroleuca Leight (Lecidea) ii. 54 epanora Ach. (Lecanora) 429 epanorus Ach. (Lichen) 430 EPHEBE Fr. 27 EPHEBEIA Nyl. 28 epiblastematica A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) li. 132 epiblastematica Wallr. (Peziza) ii. 132 | epibryon Ach. (Lecanora) 411 ! | eptpolea Borr. (Verrucaria) | episema Ny]. (Lecidea) INDEX epibryon Ach. (Lichen) 411 epidermidis Mudd (Arthopy.) ii. 816 epidermidis Th. Fr. (Leptorh.) ii. 330 epidermidis Ach. (Lichen) ii. 330 | epidermidis Fr. (Verrucaria) ii. 316 epigea Tuckerm. (Buellia) ii. 166 epigea 8. F. Gray (Inoderma) ii. 807 epigea Scheer (Lecidea) ii. 166 epigaa Pers. (Sphzria) ii. 807 epigeaa Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 807 epigewoides A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 337 epigaoides Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 337 epigeum Waillr. (Thrombium) ii. 307 epigeus Pers. (Lichen) ii. 166 epigea Ach. (Lecanora) 390 epigeum Gray (Placodiwm) 390 epiglypta Nyl. (Lecanora) 467 epimarta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 32 eprpasta Mudd (Arthonia) ii. 217 epipasta 8. F. Gray (Hysterina) ii. 216 epipasta Hook. (Opegrapha) ii. 216 epiphorbia Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 104 epiphyllus Ach. (Lichen) 130 epipolea A. L. Sm. (Acrocor.) ii. 314 ii. 315 © eprpolia Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 189 eprpolius Ach. (Lichen) ii. 189 epipolytropa Wint. (Didymospheria) ii. 344 eprpolytropa Cromb. (Verruc.) ii. 344 eprpolytropum Mudd (Thelidiwm) _ ii. 344 episema A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 131 ii. 131 epithallinum Leight (Thelocarpon) ii. 346 epixantha Nyl. (Lecanora) 370 epixantha Ach. (Lecidea) 370 epulotica Nyl. (Lecanora) 479 epulotica Mudd (Aspicilia) 477, 479 epulotica Ach. (Gyalecta) 479 ericetoram Linn. (Lichen) 111 erwcetorum Huds. (Lichen) 113 erosa Ach. (Gyrophora) 329 | erosa Ki. Bot. t. 2066 (Gyrophora) 330 erosa Borr. (Parmelia) 316 erosa Leight. (Physcia) 316 erosa Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 330 erosus Weber (Lichen) 329 erratica Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 343 erraticum Massal. (Ticothecium) ii. 343 INDEX erraticus Nyl. (Endococcus) ii. 343 eryngit folia, etc. Dill. (Lichen.) 216 erysibe Mudd (Lecania) 444 erysibe Nyl. (Lecanora) 443 erysibe Ach. (Lichen) 444 erysiboda Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 333 erysiboides Th. Fr. (Biatorina) ii.119 erysiboides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 112 erythrella Hook. (Lecanora) 374 erythrella Nyl. (Lecanora) 373 erythrella Tayl. (Lecidea) 374 erythrella Gray (Rinodina) 374 erythrellus Ach. (Lichen) 374 escharoides Whrh, (Lichen) ii. 26 escharoides E. Bot. t. 1247? (Lichen) | 341 EUBAOMYCES Cromb. 109 EUCALICIUM Cromb. 87 eucarpa Nyl. (Lecanora) 488 eucarpa Nyl. (Lecidea) 489 EKUCOLLEMA Cromb. 41 EULECANORA Nyl. 371 EULEPTOGIUM Cromb. 69 EUOPSIS Nyl. 22 euploca Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 269 euplocus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 269 euplocum Ach. (Hndocarpon) euspora Nyl. (Stenocybe) 97 eusporum Nyl. (Calicium) 97 eusporum Mudd (Stenocybe) 98 KUSTICTA Cromb. 273 EUSTICTINA Cromb. 266 EVERNIA Ach. 228. “evernioides Nyl. (Ramalina) 195 evolutum Graewe (Stereocaulon) 118 li. 269 exanthematica Fr. (Gyalecta) ii. 5. exanthematica Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 5 exanthematica Fr. (Petractis) ii. 5 exanthematica S. F. Gray (Thelotr.) ii. 5 exanthematicus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 5 exasperata Nyl. (Parmelia) 251 exasperatum Ach. (Collema) 251 excelsa A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 174 excelsa Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 174 excentrica Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 195 excipienda Cromb. (Arthonia) ii. 212 exerrans Nyl. (Endococcus) ii. 832 exerrans A. L. Sm. (Microth.) ii. 332 exigua Nyl. (Lecanora) 395 exigua Gray (Rinodina) 395 exiguus Ach. (Lichen) 395 | expansa Nyl. (Lecidea) | Fahlunense Nyl. (Platysma) 381 exiguum Nyl. (Endocarpon) exilis Lightf. (Lichen) 28 expallens Ach. (Lecanora) 432 expallens Sm. (Lecidea) 432 expallens Pers. (Lepraria) 432 ii. 100 ii. 271 faginea Arn. (Porina) ii. 337 faginea Leight. (Pertusaria) 497 faginea Scher. (Sagedia) ii. 337 faginea Turn. & Borr. (Variol.) 497 fagineus Linn. (Lichen) 497 222 Fahlunensis Ach. (Lichen) 223 Fahlunensis Linn. (Lichen) 224 Fahlunensis Ach. (Parmelia) 223 fallax Arn. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 319 fallax Hepp (Biatora) ii. 121 fallax A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 121 fallax Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 121 fallax Web. (Lichen) 226 fallax Sra. (Pertusaria) 505 fallax Tayl. (Porina) 505 farinacea Ach. (Ramalina) 189 farinaceus Linn. (Lichen) 189 farimaria Borr. (Lecidea) 431 farinosa Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 203) fasciculare Ach. (Collema) 56 fasciculare Hook. (Collema) 56 fasciculare Gray (Enchylium) 56 fasciculare verrucosum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 197 fastigiata Pers. (Lichen) 192 fastigiata Leight. (Pertusaria) 495 fastigiata Ach. (Ramalina) 192 fastigiata Sm. (Ramalina) 187 | fastigiatus EK. Bot. t.890 (Lichen) 187 fecunda Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 200 fecundum Th. Fr. (Lopad.) ii. 200 ferruginascens Nyl. (Lecanora) 377 ferruginea Nyl. (Lecanora) 375 ferruginea Sm. (Lecidea) 376 ferrugineus Huds. (Lichen) 376 ferrugineum Turn. & Borr. (Calic.) 90: ferrugineum Mudd (Callopisma) 376: fibula Nyl. (Cladonia) 137 fibula Ach. (Lichen) 137 filiformis Sm. (Cenomyce) 167 filiformis Relh. (Lichen) 167 fimbriata Hook. (Cenomyce) fimbriata Fr. (Cladonia) 134 fimbriata Tayl. (Sticta) 269 135. 382 fimbriatum Hoffm. (Collema) 0 fimbriatus Linn, (Lichen) 185 fimbriatus Sm. (Scyphophorws) firma Nyl. (Cladonia) 128 jissa Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 311 fissum Leight. (Hndocarpon) ii. 311 flaccidum Ach. (Collema) 44 flaccidum Gray (Lathagrium) 44 flaccidus Ach. (Lichen) 44 flaccidus Mudd (Synechoblastus) 44 flavescens Huds. (Lichen) 359 flavicans Hook. (Borrera) 295 flavicans Sw. (Lichen) 295 flavicans With. (Lichen) 361 flavicans Tayl. (Parmelia) 295 flavicans DC. (Physcia) 295 flavicunda Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 68 flavocitrina Nyl. (Lecanora) 372 flavida Hepp (Lecanora) 478 flavorubescens Huds. (Lichen) 373, 374 flavovirescens Anzi (Bacidia) ii. 164 flavovirescens Borr. (Lecidea) _ ii. 164 flavovirescens Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 164 flavovirescens Koerb. (Raphiospora) ii. 164 flexella Ach. (Limboria) ii. 222 flexella A. Zahlbr. (Lithogr.) ii. 222 flexella Fr. (Xylographa) ii. 222 flexuosa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 27 flecuosa Fr. (Biatora) ii. 27 flocculosa Turn. & Borr. (Gyroph.) 333 flocculosa Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 333 flocculosus Wulf. (Lichen) 333 _ Floerkeana Fr. (Cladonia) 172 florida Ach. (Usnea) 202 floridus Linn. (Lichen) 202 Flotovii Koerb. (Gyalecta) ii. 8 Flotovit Carroll (Lecidea) ii. 8 fluctigena Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 326 fluviale Gray (Enchylium) 60 fluviatile Nyl. (Collemodium) 60 fluviatile Sm. (Collema) 60 fluviatile DC. (Hndocarpon) ii. 269 fluviatile Nyl. (Legtogvum) 60 fluviatilis Huds. (Lichen) 60 fluviatilis Web. (Lichen) ii. 269 foliaceus Huds, (Lichen) 127 fossarum Th. Fr. (Biatorella) ii. 107 fossarum Duf. (Lecidea) ii. 107 foveolaris Mudd. (Gyalecta) ii. 7 foveolaris Scher. (Gyalecta) ii. 6 foveolaris Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 6 135 INDEX foveolaris Ach. (Urceolaria) ii. 6 foveolata A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 325 Sragile Tayl. (Collema) 59 fragile Nyl. (Collemodium) 59 fragile Nyl. (Leptogium) 59 fragilis Huds. (Lichen) 104 fragilis Linn. (Lichen) 106 fragilis Ach. (Spheerophorus) fragrans Sm. (Collema) 58 fragrans Tayl. (Collema) 66 fragrans Cromb. (Leptogiwm) 58 fragrans Mudd (Leptogiwm) 66 fraxinea Ach. (Ramalina) 190 fraxineus Linn. (Lichen) 190 Friesii Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 14 frigida Gray (Rinodina) 459 Srigidus Sw. (Lichen) 459 fruticuls fuscum, ete. Dill. (Corall.) 218 fruticuli specie, etc. Dill. (Corall.) 158, 154, 175, 219. 106 frustulosa Ach. (Lecanora) 442 frustulosa Gray (Rinodina) 442 frustulosus Dicks. (Lichen) 442 fucata Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 106 fuciforme tinctoriwm, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 183 fuciformis Linn. (Lichen) 183 fuciformis DC. (Roccella) 183 fucoides Dicks. (Lichen) 182 fugax Deakin (Verrucaria) ii. 288 fugiens Nyl. (Lecanora) 436 fulgens Ach. (Lecanora) 357 fulgens Sw. (Lichen) 357 fulgens Gray (Placodium) 357 fulgens Sm. (Squamaria) 357 fuliginea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 81 fuliginosa Tayl. (Lecidea) 1. 60 fuliginosa Nyl. (Parmelia) 254 fuliginosa Gray (Sticta) 267 fuliginosa Nyl. (Stictina) 267 fuliginosum et pulverulentum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 267, 268 fuliginosus Dicks. (Lichen) 267 fulvus Dicks. (Lichen) 299 fulvus Linn. (Mucor) 100 fumago Mudd (Arthopyrenia) ii. 321 fumosa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 84 fumosa Hofim. (Verrucaria) ii. 85 fumosus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 85 fungiforme, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 134 fungiformis With. (Lichen) 110 INDEX JSurcata Hook. (Cenomyce) 150 furcata Gray (Cladonia) 150 furcata Hofim. (Cladonia) 149 Ffurcata Sm. (Cladonia) 152 furcatiformis Nyl. (Cladonia) 155 furcatus Huds. (Lichen) 152 FJurfwracea Gray (Borrera) 230 furfuracea Ach. (Coniocybe) 99 furfuracea Fr, (Kvernia) 230 FJurfuracea Tayl. (Parmelia) 230 Jurfuracea With. (Trichia) 99 furfuracewm Turn. & Borr. (Caliciwm) 99 furfuraceus Tayl. (Beomyces) 99 Surfuraceus Linn. (Lichen) 230 Furfuraceus Linn. (Mucor) 99 furfurea Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 25 furfurella Nyl. (Collemopsis) 79 furfurellum Nyl. (Collema) 79 Surfurewm Nyl. (Collema) 25 furvella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 94 furvescens A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 338 Jurvescens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 338 furvum Ach. (Collema) 43 furvum Gray (Lathagriwm) 43 Survus Ach. (Lichen) 43 fusca Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 37 fuscata Nyl. (Lecanora) 483 fuscatula Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 24 fuscatus Schrad. (Lichen) 483 fuscella Mudd (Lecania) 448 fuscella Fr. (Sagedia) ii. 290 fuscella Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 289 Suscelium Ach. (Endocarpon) ii. 290 fuscellus Turn. (Lichen) ii. 290 fuscescens Nyl. (Lecanora) 423 fuscescens Somm. (Lecidea) 423 fuscoargillacea Anzi (Polyblastia) ii. 301 fuscoargillacea Cromb. (Verrucaria) ii. 301 fuscoater L. (Lichen) ii. 85 fuscoatra Nyl. (Lecanora) 377 fuscoatra Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 84 fusco-cinerascens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 286 fuscocinerea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 91 fuscolutea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 199 fuscoluteolina Mudd (Lecanora) 389 fuscoluteum Mudd (Lopadium) ii. 199 fuscoluteus Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 199 fuscorubella Arnold (Bacidia) ii. 153 383 fuscorubella Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 153 Juscorubella Hofim. (Verrucar.) ii. 153 fuscorubens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 39 fuscorubens Nyl. (Biatora) ii. 39 fuscum, peltis, etc. Dill. (Lichen.) 284 fuscus Huds. (Lichen) 310 fusiformis Leight. (Verrucar.) ii. 334 Gaget Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 128 Gagei A. L. Sm. (Lecidea) ii, 21 Gaget Sm. (Lichen) ii. 21 Gaget Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 21 galactina Ach. (Lecanora) 404 galactina Ach. (Parmelia) 405 galactinaria Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 219 galactites Duf. (Arthonia) ii. 211 galactites DC. (Verrucaria) ii. 211, 318 galbulus Ramond (Lichen) ii. 181 gangaleoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 416 Garovaglit Mudd (Dermatocarpon) li, 274 Garovaglit Mont. (Verrucaria) ii. 274 gelasinatus With. (Lichen) 83 gelatinosa Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 28 gelatinosa Chev. (Arthonia) ii. 347 gelatinosa Nyl. (Melanotheca) ii. 347 gelatinosa Th. Fr. (Polyblast.) ii. 303 gelatinosa Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 303 gelatinosum atro-virens, etc. Dill. (Lichenotdes) 43 gelida Ach. (Lecanora) 356 gelida Sm. (Squamaria) 356 gelidaria A. L. Sm. (Didymospheria) il. 344 gelidaria Mudd (Spheria) ii. 344 gelidarium Berl. & Vogl. (Ticothecium) ii. 344 gelidwm Gray (Placodiwm) 356 gelidus Linn. (Lichen) 356 gelidus Huds. (Lichen) 456 geminata Flot. (Lecidea) ii. 198 geminatum Koerb. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 197 geminipara Fr. (Lecanora) 463 gemmata Koerb. (Acrocordia) ii. 318 gemmata 8. F. Gray (Lejophlea) ii. 313 gemmata Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 313 gemmatum Mudd (Thelidiwm) ii. 318 gemmatus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 313 gemmifera Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 343 gemmiferum Koerb. (Ticothecium) ii. 343 384 gemmiferus Nyl. (Endococcus) ii. 343 geniculata Hook. & Tayl. (Ramal.) 200 geographica Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 191 geographicum DO. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 190 geographicus L. (Lichen) ii. 191 geoica Ach. ? (Gyalecta) 478 geoica Ach. (Gyalecta) ii. 7 geoica Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 7 geoicus Wahlenb. (Lichen) ii. 7 geomeea Tay]. (Lecidea) ii. 145 germanicum Gluck (Canogon.) ii. 3 gevrensis Th. Fr. (Buellia) ii. 174 gibbosa Mudd (Aspicilia) 470 gibbosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 470 gibbosa Sm. (Urceolaria) 470 gibbosus Ach. (Lichen) 470 gibbosus Dicks. (Lichen) 470 giganteus Bory (Lichen) 175 glaber Ach. (Lichen) 332 glabra Gray (Gyrophora) 332 glabrata Carroll (Verrucaria) ii. 341 glabratula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 341 glauca Gray (Cetraria) 225 glauca Floerke (Cladomia) 156 glaucella Nyl. (Lecanora) 436 glaucescens Hoffm. (Collema) 47 glaucina Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 289 glaucina S. F. Gray (Lithocia) ii. 289 glaucocarnea Nyl. (Lecanora) ii. 116 glaucocarnea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 glaucocarpa Ach. (Lecanora) 481 glaucocarpus Wahl. (Lichen) 481 glaucolepidea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 13 glaucolepidea Mudd (Psora) 11. 13 glaucoma Ach. (Lecanora) 420 glaucoma EB. Bot. t. 2156 (Lichen) 420 glaucoma Gray (Rinodina) 420 glaucoma Hofim. (Verrucaria) 420 glaucomaria Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 218 glaucomaria Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 186 glaucomaria A. L. Sm. (Leciographa) ii. 186 glaucum Nyl. (Platysma) 225 glaucum, foliorum, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 235 glaucum orbiculare, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 305, 306, 307, 308. glaucum perlatum, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 233, 245 glaucum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 11.110 glaucus Linn. (Lichen) 225 glebulentum Nyl. (Collemodium) 61 INDEX glebulentum Nyl. (Leptoguwm) 61 glebulosa Fr. (Biatora) ii. 29 glebulosa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 29 glebulosa Hook. (Psora) ii. 23 glebulosum ‘8. F. Gray (Lepidoma}) ii. 23 glebulosus Sm. (Lichen) globifera Ach. (Lecidea) globifera Massal. (Psora) ii. 12 globiferus Lightf. (Lichen) 105 globiferus Linn. (Lichen) 105 globosa Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 334 globosus Huds. (Lichen) 105 globulifera Nyl. (Pertwsaria) 495 globulifera Turn. (Variolaria) 495 globuliferus E. Bot. t. 2008 (Lichen) 496 globulosa Koerb. (Biatorina) ii. 120 globulosa Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 120 glomerata Scher. (Pertusaria) 510 glomeratus Schleich. (Lichen) 510 glomulifera Gray (Parmelia) 275 glomulifera Leight. (Pertusaria) 510 glomulifera Cromb. (Ricasolia) 275 glomulifera Mudd (Sticta) 275 glomuliferus Lightf. (Lichen) GLYPHIS Ach. ii. 262. GOMPHILLUS Nyl. . 107 gonatodes Ach. (Lichen) 460 GONGYLIA Koerb. ii. 308 GONIONEMA Nyl. 18 goniophila Scher. (Lecidea) gothica Th. Fr. (Polyblastia) ii. 306 gothica Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 306 gracilis Cromb. (Cladonia) 141 gracilis Hoffm. (Cladonia) 139 gracilis Hook. (Cenomyce) 140 gracilis Linn. (Lichen) 140 gracilis Sm. (Scyphophorus) 139 gracillima Norrl. (Cladonia) 141 granatina Nyl. (Huopsis) 23 granatina Somm. (Lecanora) 23 granatina Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 23 graniformis A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) hie T ii. 23 ii. 11 O75 it. 54 graniformis Hagen. (Lichen) ii. 117 graniformis With. (Lichen) ii. 169 granosum Nyl. (Collema) 43 granosum subglaucum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 340 granosus Wulf. (Lichen) 43 granulatum Sm. (Collema) 43 INDEX granulatus Huds. (Lichen) 43 granuliferum Nyl. (Collema) 50 granulosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 365 granulosa Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 25 granulosum Muell. (Amphiloma) 365 glanulosus EKhrh. (Lichen) ii. 25 graphidioides Leight. (Chiodecton) ii. 205 GRAPHINA Muell. ii. 255 GRAPHIS Adans. ii. 246 gregaria Koerb. (Arthonia) ii. 208 gregaria Weigel (Spheria) ii. 208 gregarium Turn. & Borr. (Spiloma) ii. 208 Griffithii Massal. (Biatorina) ii. 118 Griffithii Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 118 Griffith Sm. (Lichen) ii. 118 grisea Turn. & Borr. (Gyrophora) 324 grisea Leight. (Umbilicaria) 325 grisella Floerk. (Lecidea) ii. 85 griseoatra Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 91 griseoatra Hofim. (Verrwcaria) ii. 91 griseus Sw. (Lichen) 3825 grossa Mudd (Biatorima) ii. 123 grossa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 123 grumosa Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 48 grumosus Pers. (Lichen) 451 grumulosa Duf. (Opegrapha) GYALECTA Ach. ii. 4 gypsacea Ach. (Urceolaria) 518 gyrocarpa Flot. (Opegrapha) ii. 235 gyrocheila Nyl. (Pertusaria) 509 GYROPHORA Ach. 324 gyrosus Ach. (Lichen) 52 ii. 236 hemalea Nyl. (Kuopsis) 22 hemalea Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 22 hemalewm Somm. (Collema) 23 hematites Charb. (Lecanora) 382 hematites Nyl. (Lecanora) 382 hematomma Hook. (Lecanora) 454 hematomma Urhr. (Lichen) 454 hematomma Gray (Rinodina) 455 hematopsis Ir. (Pyrenopsis) 23 Hageni Ach. (Lecanora) 425 Hageni Ach. (Lichen) 425 halizoa A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) ii. 326 halizoa Leight. (Verrucaria) halodytes Oliv. (Arthopyren.) halodytes Nyl. (Verrucaria) halophila Nyl. (Verrucaria) Ii. li. 326 1i. 326 ii. 326 ii. 278 385 hapaleoides Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 242 haplotella Leight. (Verrucar.) 11. 345 haplotellus Nyl. (indococcus) ii. 345 Harrimanni Sm. (Lichen) ii. 295 Harrimannt §. F. Gray (Lithocia) ii. 295 Harrvmanni Koerb, (Sagedia) ii. 836 Harrimanni Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 295 Harrimanm Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 335 Hedwigii S. F. Gray (EHndocarpon) ii. 270 Heerii Hepp (Biatora) ii. 132 Heer Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 132 Hellbomii Lahm (Lecidea) ii. 99 hemapoliella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 122 heimipolioides A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 141 hemipolioides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 141 Henrica Larb. (Lecidea) ii. 45 Henscheliana Lonnr. (Polyblastia) ii. 305 Henscheliana Koerb. (Spheromphale) ii. 305 Henscheliana Cromb. (Verrucaria) ii. 305 hepaticum Th. Fr. (Dermatocarpon) ii. 270 hepaticum Ach. (Endocarpon) Heppii Nyl. (Lecanora) 487 Heppit Neg. (Myriospora) 487 herbacea Hook. (Parmelia) 276 herbacea Cromb. (Ricasolia) 276 herbacea Gray (Sticta) 276 herbaceus Huds. (Lichen) 276 herbarum Arnold (Bacidia) ii. 153 herbarum Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 153 herbarum Mont. (Opegrapha) ii. 233 herbarwm Stiz. (Secoliga) ii. 153 herbidula A. L. Sm. (Bilimb.) ii. 141 herbidula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 141 herpetica 8. F. Gray (Hysterina) ii. 230 herpetica Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 229 herpeticus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 230 hiascens Fr. (Cetraria) 217 hibernica Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 212 hibernica Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 342 hibernicum A. L. Sm. (Anthraco- thecium) ii. 342 Hildenbrandu Garov. (Collema) 76 Hildenbrandii Nyl. (Leptogium) 176 hirta Hoffm. (Usnea) 203 2 C ii. 270 386 hirtus Linn. (Lichen) 203 luspida Mudd (Borrera) 311 hispidula Ach. (Cornicularia) 29 hispidula Nyl. (Ephebeia) 29 hispidulwm Gray (Phacotiwm) 88 hispidum majus, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 302 hispidum minus, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 311, 312 hispidus Lightf. (Lichen) 218 Hoffmanmi Ach. (Lichen) 475 Hoffmanni Gray (Urceolaria) 475 Holliana A. L. Sm. (Microglena) ii. 310 holocarpa Nyl. (Lecanora) 3885 holocarpus Ehrh. (Lichen) 385 holochrodes Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 333 holomelena Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 162 holomeloides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 130 holopheza Nyl. (Lecanora) 392 holophea Mont. (Psoroma) 3892 homalotropa A. L. Sm. (Conotrema) ii. 2 homalotropa Nyl. (Lecidea) HOMODIUM Nyl. 63 homeceopsis Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 25 Hookeri Massal. (Dacampia) ii. 273 Hookeri Tuck. (Cladonia) 164 Hookeri Hook. (Lecanora) 339 Hookeri Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 273 Hookeri E. Bot. t. 2283 (Lichen) 339 Hookeri Nyl. (Pannaria) 339 Hookeri Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 273 horistica Leight. (Verrwcaria) ii. 248 horizontalis Linn. (Lichen) 2938 horizontalis Gray (Peltidea) 293 horizontalis Hofim. (Peltigera) 293 horrescens Tayl. (Parmelia) 241 humicolor A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 333 humicolor Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 333 humosa Leight. (Lecidea) 11. 31 humosum Nyl. (Leptogium) 64 humosus Ebrh. (Lichen) ii. 31 Hutchinsia Nyl. (Lecanora) 445 Hutchinsize Koerb. (Enterog.) ii. 259 Hutchinsie Leight. (Pertusaria) 493 Hutchinsix Leight. (Platygramima) ii. 259 Hutchinsiz Nyl. (Stigmatidiwm) ii. 259 Hutchinsie# Borr. (Thelotrema) 493 hyalinella Nyl. (Coniocybe) 101 il. 2 INDEX hyalinescens Boist. (Bilimbia) ii. 139 hyalinescens Ny. (Lecidea) ii. 1389 hybrida Hoffm. (Cladonia) 141 hydrela Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 280 hydrocharwm Ach. (Parmelia) 60 hymenea Gray (Porvna) 505 hymenina Ach, (Peltidea) 292 hymermum Turn. & Borr. (Thelotr.) 505 hymenius Wi. Bot. t. 1731 (Lichen) 505 HYMENODECTON Leight. ii. 252 hymenogonia Mudd (Spheromphale) ii. 811 hymenogonia A. Zahlbr. (Staurothele) ii. 310 hymenogonia Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 311% hyperborea Ach. (Gyrophora) 330 hyperborea Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 330 hyperboreus Ach. (Lichen) 330 hyperellum Ach. (Calicium) 91 hyperellum Gray (Phacotiwm) 91 hyperellus Ach. (Lichen) 91 hypergenum Nyl. (Collema) 52 hyperopta Mudd (Parmelia) 263 hypnophila Turn. (Lecidea) ii. 142 hypnorum Ach. (Lecanora) 349 | hypnorum Dicks. (Lichen) 350 | hypnorum Mudd (Pannaria) 350 hypnorum Hoffm. (Psoroma) 350 hypnorum Sm. (Squamaria) 350 . hypophea Nyl. (Lecanora) 489 hypopodioides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 174 hysterviformis Ny]. (Opegr.) ii. 236 ICMADOPHILA Trevis. 112 iemadophila Ehrh. (Lichen) 113 icmadophila Gray (Lecidea) 113 icmadophilus Cromb. (Bxomyces) 113 icterica Tayl. (Lecidea) 375 ilicina Tayl. (Arthonia) ii. 213 ilicinella Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 213 illecebrosa Fr. (Lecanactis) ii. 203 illecebrosa Duf. (Opegrapha) ii. 203 illita Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 81 imbricatum luridum Dill. (Lichen- oides) ii. 269 imbricatum viridans, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 247, 248 imbrida Vayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 279 immersa Ach. (Lecidea) i. 39 immersa Hoifm. (Verrucaria) ii. 295 wmmersa Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 297 immersum Mudd (Thelidium) ii. 297 INDEX wmmersus Web. (Lichen) ii. 40 imperforatum etc. (Coralloides) 180 impexa Harm. (Cladina) ii. 351 implexa Nyl. (Alectoria) 213 implera Hofim. (Usnea) 213 impolita Borr. (Arthonia) ii. 214 impolita Hofim. (Verrucaria) ii. 214 impolitus Ehrh. (Lichen) ii. 214 imponens Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 104 impressula A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 175 impressula Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 175 improvisa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 108 inalpina Ach. (Lecanora) 874 incana A. L. Sm. (Bombyliospora) ii. 198 incanus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 198 incanus Relh. (Lichen) ii. 166 incarnata Leight. (Pertusaria) 461 incavata Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 299 incavatum Mudd (Thelidium) ii. 299 inclusus i. Bot. t. 678 (Lichen) 514 incompta Anzi (Bacidia) ii. 159 incompta Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 159 incrassata Floerke (Cladonia) 163 incrustans Ach. (Cyphelium) ii. 203 incrustans Ach. (Lecanora) 372 incrustans DC. (Patellaria) 388 incurva Fr. (Parmelia) 249 incurvus EK. Bot. t.1375 (Lichen) 249 incurvus Pers. (Lichen) 250 indigula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 47 infidula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 98 INODERMA 8. F. Gray ii. 306 inguinans i. Bot. t.810 (Lichen) 102 inquinata Fr. (Pertusaria) 508 inserena Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 55 insiliens A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 338 imsiliens Larb. (Verrucaria) ii. 338 insinuata Stirton (Arthonia) ii. 217 insita Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 105 inspersa Mudd (Dactylospora) ii. 185 imspersa Tul. (Lecidea) ii. 185 insularis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 94 integra Carroll (Verrucaria) ii. 293 intercedens Lonnr. (Polyblast.) ii. 300 intercedens Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 301 interjecta A. L. Sm. (Melaspilea) ii. 228 imlerjecta Nyl. (Lecidea) interjecta Leight. (Lithogr.) interludens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 85 ii. 228 ii. 89 387 intermedia Nyl. (Ramalina) 190 intermedia Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 154 intermedia Del. (Ramalina) 190 intermediellum Nyl. (Thelocarpon) ii. 346 intermixta A. L.Sm. (Biator.) ii. 125 intermixta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 125 intermutans Ny]. (Lecanora) 467 interpolata A. L. Sm. (Buell.) . ii. 168 interpolata Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 168 interseptula A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 339 interseplula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 339 intricata Scher. (Physcia) 301 intricata Nyl. (Lecanora) 439 intricata Nyl. (Synalissa) 38 intricata Mudd (Borrera) 302 intricata Tayl. (Lecanora) 439 intricata Sm. (Lecidea) 439 intricata Arn. (Omphalaria) 38 intricatus Desf. (Lichen) 302 intricatus Schrad. (Lichen) 489 intumescens Koerb. (Lecanora) 417 intumescens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 95 intumescens Rebent. (Parmelia) 417 inumbrata A. L.Sm. (Polybl.) ii. 302 inumbrata Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 302 inundata Koerb. (Bacidia) ii. 156 imundata Fr. (Biatora) ii. 156 inundata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 156 inusta Muell. (Phzographis) ii. 252 inusta Ach. (Graphis) ii. 252 inustula A. L. Sm. (Graphina) ii. 257 mustula Nyl. (Graphis) ii. 257 inversa Nyl. (Lecanora) 433 involuta Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 246 involuta Wallr. (Graphis) ii. 246 involuta Tayl. (Lecanora) ii. 23 irrigua Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 335 irrubata Nyl. (Lecanora) 387 irrubata Sm. (Lecidea) 387 irrubescens Ny]. (Lecanora) 3875 ischnobela Ny]. (Melanotheca) ii. 348 isidioides Mudd (Borrera) 402 isidiodes Nyl. (Collema) 57 isidioides Mudd (Dermatocarp.) ii. 309 isidioides Leight. (Hndocarp.) ii. 309 isidioides Nyl. (Lecanora) 402 isidioides A. L. Sm. (Microgl.) ii. 309 isidioides Borr. (Parmelia) 402 isidioides Hook. (Pertusaria) ii. 309 isidioides Tayl. (Porina) ii. 309 isvdioides Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 309 7 6.2 388 Tsignyi Del. (Cladoma) 134 Islandica Ach. (Cetraria) 215 Islandica Mudd (Cornicularia) 215 Tslandicus Linn. (Lichen) 215 jacobeifolius Schrank (Lichen) 52 Jacquint With.? (Lichen) 330 jejuna A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 114 jejuna Nyl. (Lecanora) 393, ii. 114 jubata Nyl. (Alectoria) 211 jubata nigricans Dill. (Usnea) 211 jubatus Linn. (Lichen) 211 jubatus E. Bot. t. 1880 (Lichen) 212 Jungermannia Nyl. (Normand.) 11.273 juniperina Gray (Cetraria) 224 juniperinum Nyl. (Platysma) 224 juniperinus Huds. (Lichen) 224 juniperinus Linn. (Lichen) 224 jurana Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 63 kaleida Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 172 Kenmorensis Nyl. (Lichiniza) 33 Kenmorensis Holl (Synalissa) 33 kermesina Scher. (Lepra) ii. 209 Kochiana Hepp (Lecidea) ii. 88 Kylemoriense Larb. (Calictum) 85 Kylemoriensis Cromb. (Sphinct.) 85 Laburni Sydow (Arthopyrenia) ii. 321 Laburni Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 822 labyrinthica Ach. (Glyphis) ii. 262 lacer K.. Bot. t. 1982 (Lichen) 70 lacerum Hook. (Collema) 170 lacerum Gray (Leptogium) 69 lacerus Sw. (Lichen) 70 lachneum A. L. Sm. (Dermatocarpon) ii. 270 lachneum Ach. (Endocarpon) ii. 270 lachneus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 270 laciniatus Huds. (Lichen) 275 laciniosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 367 lactea Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 78 lactea Nyl. (Pertusaria) 498 lactea Koerb. (Sagedia) ii. 337 lactea Gray (Variolaria) 498 lactea Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 337 lactescens Mudd (Pertusaria) 504 lacteus Linn. (Lichen) 498 lacunosa Ach. (Cetraria) 227 lacunosum Nyl. (Platysma) 227 lacunosum ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 194, 195, 220, 274 | lanata Wallr. (Parmelia) INDEX lacustris Fr. (Lecanora) 477 lacustris With. (Lichen) 477 leta Gray (Borrera) 295 letevirens Leight. (Ricasolia) 276 letevirens Turn. (Endocarp.) ii. 225 letevirens Lightf. (Lichen) 276 letevirens Nyl. (Normandina) ii. 265 letevirens A. L. Sm. (Thrombium) ii. 306 letevirens Borr. (Verrucaria) ii, 265 letevirens, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 276 latevirens Massee (Verrucaria) ii. 307 leevata Nyl. (Lecanora) 473 levata Ach. (Sagedia) 473 levata Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 280 levata Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 280 levigata Nyl. (Lecanora) 395 levigata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 21 levigata Ach. (Parmelia) 236 levigatum Nyl. (Nephromium) 283 levigatum Ach. (Nephroma) 284 levigatus Sm. (Lichen) 236 Lallavei Mudd (Callopisma) 366 Lallavei Nyl. (Lecanora) 366 Lallavei Clem. (Lecidea) 366 Lamarkii Nyl. (Cladonia) 133 Lamarkiw Del. (Cladonia) 133 lane nigre etc. Dill. (Usnea) 214 lanata Leight. (Alectoria) 256 lanata Gray (Cornicularia) 256 256 lanatus Huds. (Lichen) 214 lanatus Linn. (Lichen) 256 lanuginosa Hook. (Parmelia) 348 lanuginosa Sm. (Squamaria) 348 lanuginosum Mudd (Amphiloma) 348 lanuginosum Nyl. (Leproloma) 348 lanuginosus Ach. (Lichen) 348 lapidicola Branth & Rostr. (Arthonia) ii. 217 lapidicola Tayl. (Lecidea) lapicida Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 74 lapicida Ach. (Lichen) i. 75 lapicida subsp. lithophiloides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 76 : Larbalestierw Leight. (Lithog.) ii. 96 Larbalestierii A. L. Sm. (Microglena) ii. 310 Larbalestieru Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 343 laricicola Nyl. (Xylographa) ii. 224 LASALLIA Mérat 322 ii. 218 INDEX lasiella Stirt. (Pannaria) 342 latebrosa Koerb. (Verrucaria) ii. 281 latens Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 98 latypea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 53 latypodes Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 54 Laurert Hepp (Catillaria) ii. 126 Laureri Nyl. (Collema) 54 Laureri Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 126 Laureri Flot. (Spheropsis) ii. 346 Laureri Flot. (Synechoblastus) 54 Laureri Nyl. (Thelocarpon) ii. 345 laurocerasit Duby (Patellaria) ii. 162 lavata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 197 LECANACTIS Eschw. ii. 201 lecanopsoides Nyl. (Collemopsis) lecanopsoides Nyl. {(Pyrenopsis) LECANORA Ach. 348 LECIDEA Ach. ii. 10 LECIOGRAPHA Massal. ii. 185 lectissima A. Zahlbr. (Porina) ii. 333 lectissima Mudd (Segestrelia) ii. 333 lectissima Fr. (Segestria) ii. 333 lectissima Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 333 78 78 Leightoniana Larb. (Lecidea) ii. 157 Leightonii Cromb. (Opegr.) ii. 244 Leightonu Hepp (Verrucaria) ii. 281 leioplaca Scher. (Pertusaria) 509 leioplaca Ach. (Porina) 509 leiotea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 95 LEJOPAHLEA §. F. Gray ii. 315 LEMPHOLEMMA (Koerb.) 39 lenticulare Ach. (Calicium) 92 lenticularis Koerb. (Biatorina) ii. 126 lenticularis Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 126 lenticularis Flot. (Zeora) ii. 126 lentigera Ach. (Lecanora) 352 lentigera Sm. (Squamaria) 352 lentigerum Gray (Placodiwm) 352 lentigerus Weber (Lichen) 352 lentiginosa A. Zahlbr. (Melaspilea) ii. 226 lentiginosa Lyell (Opegrapha) ii. 226 lentiginosa Mudd (Stictogr.) ii. 226 lentiginosula A. L. Sm. (Melaspilea) ii. 226 lentiginosula Nyl. (Opegr.) ii. 227 lepadinum Ach. (Thelotrema) 513 lepadinus Ach. (Lichen) 514 lepidota Nyl. (Cladonia) 148 lepidiota Nyl. (Pannularia) 340 LEPROCAULON Nyl. 123 LEPROLOMA Nyl. 348 { 389 LEPROPLACA Nyl. 366 leprosum crusta, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) ii. 51, 52 leprosum tinctoriwm, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 461 leprosum tuberculis, ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 376 leprothelia Nyl. (Lecanora) 463 leptacina Somm. (Lecanora) 439 leptalea A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 333 leptalea Dur. & Mont. (Biatora) ii. 334 leptaleella Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 334 leptalews Ach. (Lichen) 311 leptocline Koerb. (Buellia) leptocline Flot. (Lecidea) il. 174 ii. 174 leptoclinoides Steiner (Buell.) ii. 174 leptoclinoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 175 LEPTOGIDIUM Nyl. 35 leptogiella Nyl. (Collemopsis) 80 LEPTOGIUM Gray 62 leptophylla Ach. (Cenomyce) 132 leptophylla Floerke (Cladonia) 131 leptophyllwm Ach. (Endocarp.) ii. 267 leptophyllum Gray (Helopodium) 132 leptophyllus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 267 leptophyllus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 270 LEPTORHAPHIS Koerb. ii. 329 leptospora A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 338 leptospora Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 338 leptostigma Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 48 leptotera A. L. Sm. (Arthopyr.) ii. 326 leptotera Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 326 leucoblephara Arnold (Bilimb.) ii. 146 leucoblephara Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 146 leucocephala Fr. (Pyrenothea) ii. 202 leucocephala Pers. (Spheria) ii, 202 leucocephala Ach. (Verrucar.) ii. 202 leucoclinella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 167 leucolepis Cromb. (Pannaria) 339 leucolepis Sm. (Squamaria) 339 leucomela Gray (Borrera) 304 leucomela Mich. (Physica) 303 leucomelas Linn. (Lichen) 304 leucophea Floerke (Biatora) ii. 56 leucophea Cromb. (Lecanora} ii. 56 leucophea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 56 lewcopheiza Nyl. (Lecanora) ii. 56 leucopheoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 56 leucopheopsis A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 147 leucopheopsis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 147 leucophyma Leight. (Lecanora) 465 390 leucoplaca Chev. (Lecidea) ii, 128 leucoplaca DC. (Patellaria) ii. 188 leucospeirea Nyl. (Lecanora) 393 lichenis facie, ete. Dill. (Lichen.) 281 LICHINA Ag. 31 LICHINIZA Nyl. 33 lichinodeum Nyl. (Schizoma) 38 lichinodewm Nyl. (Collema) 38 Lightfootii Mudd (Biatorina) ii. 124 Tightfootii Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 124 Lightfoot Sm. (Lichen) ii. 124 lignaria Massal. (Bilimbia) ii. 144 lignaria Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 145 lignorum Pers. (Beomyces) 109 Lilhei B. de Lesd. (Arthonia) ii. 354 Lilliei B. de Lesd. (Aspicilia) ii. 354 limbata Mudd (Solorina) 281 limbata Gray (Sticta) 268 limbata Nyl. (Stictina) 268 limbatus Sm. (Lichen) 268 limborina A. Li. Sm. (Lecidea) ii. 81 limborina Nyl. (Rimularia) ii. 82 limitata Krempelh. (Verrucar.) ii. 292 limosa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 61 limosum Ach. (Collema) 47 linearis Mudd (Arthopyrenia) ii. 336 linearis Tayl. (Lecanora) 363 linearis Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 336 Lismorense Cromb. (Pterygium) 35 lithina Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 296 lithina Leight. (Pyrenothea) ii. 296 lithina Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 311 lithinum Leight. (Hndoc.) ii. 284,311 LITHOCIA 8. F. Gray ii. 276 LITHOGRAPHA Nyl. ii. 221 lithophila Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 75 lithophiliza Nyl. (Lecidea) lithotea Nyl. (Physcia) 318 lithyrga Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 243 lithyrgodes Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 243 litoralis A. L. Sm. (Arthopyr.) 11. 325 littoralis Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 278 litoralis Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 325 littorella A. L. Sm. (Biator.) ii. 116 littorella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 116 livescens Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 45 livida Ach. (Lecanora) 407 LOBARIA Hoffm. 271 LOBARINA Nyl. 270 lobulata Floerke (Lecanora) 300 lobulata Somm. (Lecanora) 363 longifoliwm ete. Dill. (Lichen.) 190,191 ii. 21 INDEX LOPADIUM Koerb. ii. 199 lopheum Nyl. (Leptogium) 71 LOPHOTHELIUM Stirton ii, 265 lubens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 144 lucens Mudd (Arthopyrenia) ii. 339 lucens A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 339 lucens Tayl. (Verrucaria) 339 lucida Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 18 lucidus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 18 lugubris Sommerf. (Lecidea) lugubris Koerb. (Sch@reria) lurida Ach. (Arthonia) lurida Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 11 lurida DC. (Psora) ii. 11 luridum 8. F. Gray (Lepidoma) ii. 11 luridus Sw. (Lichen) ii. 11 lusca Nyl. (Lecanora) 471 lusitanicum Scheer. (Nephroma) 285 lusitanicum Nyl.(Nephromium) 285 lutea Arn. (Biatorina) ii. 113 lutea Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 113 lutea Leight. (Pyrenothea) ii. 296 luteella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 luteoalba Wils. & Wheld. (Cladonia) ii. 351 luteoalba Nyl. (Lecanora) 385 luteo-alba Gray (Lecidea) 385 luteo-album Mudd (Callopisma) 385 luteo-albus Turn. (Lichen) 385 luteoatra Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 57 luteola Mudd (Bacidia) ii. 151 luteola Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 151 luteolus Schrad. (Lichen) ii. 151 luteorosella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 139 lutereus Gmelin (Lichen) ii. 151 lutescens Turn. & Borr. (Isidiwm) 507 lutescens Leight. (Lecanora) 431 lutescens Cromb. (Lecanora) 482 lutescens EB. Bot. t. 1529 (Leprar.) 507 lutescens Hofim. (Lepra) 507 lutescens DC. (Patellaria) 432 lutescens Lamy (Pertusaria) 507 lutews Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 113 ii. 16 ii. 16 ii, 206 lutosa Jatta (Biatorina) ii. 130 lutosa Mont. (Lecidea) ii. 1380 lutulata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 98 lychnea Nyl. (Physcia) 300 Lyellti Leight. (Chiographa) i. 254 Lyellit Ach. (Graphis) ii. 254 Lyellit Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 254 Lyellii A. Zablbr. (Phzeogr.) ii. 254 Lyellit Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 331 INDEX lygea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 88 lyncea 8S. EF’, Gray (Arthonia) ii. 244 lyncea Eischw, (Lecanactis) ii. 244 lyncea Borr. (Opegrapha) ii. 244 lynceus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 244 lyperiza A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 178 lyperiza Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 178 macilenta Hoffm. (Cladonia) 167 macilentus Ehrh. (Lichen) 167 macrocarpa DC. (Patellaria) ii. 68 macrocarpa Mudd (Verrucar.) ii. 272 macrocarpon A. L. carpon) ii. 272 macrocarpon Tayl. (Hndocarp.) ii. 272 macrophylla Nyl. (Cladonia) 145 macrophylla Hook. (Sticta) 273 macrostoma DC. (Verrucaria) ii. 284 macula Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 86 macularis Mudd (Arthopyr.) ii. 335 maculiformis Krempelh. (Verrucaria) li. 290 MAGMOPSIS Nyl. 29 malacea Fr. (Peltigera) 287 malacea Ach. (Peltidea) 287 malhamensis Nyl. (Verrucar.) MALLOTIUM Ach. 75 mamillare Massal. (Thalloid.) ii. 112 mamillaris Duf. (Lecidea) ii. 112 mamillarts Gouan (Lichen) ii. 112 mammillifera Stirt. (Lecanora) 428 margacea Wahlenb. (Thelotr.) ii. 281 margacea Larb. (Verrucaria) ii. 279 margacea Wahlenb. (Verrucav.) ii. 281 marginale Hook. (Collema) 51 marginale Gray (Enchylawm) 51 margmalis Huds, (Lichen) 51 marginata Scheer. (Lecidea) ii. 84 marginatus Bernh. (Lichen) 49 marguubus, etc. Dill. (Lichen.) 220 marina A. L.Sm. (Arthopyr.) ii. 327 marina Deakin (Sagedia) ii. 327 marina Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 327 marmorea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 6 marmorea A. Zahlbr. (Verrucaria) ii. 294 marmoreus With. (Lichen) 11. 6 marmoreus Scop. (Lichen) ii, 294 Martindalei Cromb. (Kphebeia) 29 maura S. F. Gray (Lithocia) ii. 277 maura Wahlenb. (Verrucaria) ii. 276 mauroides Scher. (Verrucaria) ii, 286 Sm. (Dermato- ii. 291 391 maurus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 277 Mec Millana Stirton (Parmelia) medians Nyl. (Lecanora) 370 medians Nyl. (Placodium) 3870 meiocarpa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 34 237 meiococca Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 50 melezna Arnold (Bilimbia) ii. 145 melena Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 146 melzenum Ach. (Collema) 651 melenus Ach. (Lichen) 51 melaleuca Dub. (Pertusaria) 504 melaleucum Turn. & Borr. (Thelo- trema) 504 melaleucus IX. Bot. t. 2461 (Lichen) 504 melanaspis Ach. (Lecanora) 403 melanochlora Nyl. (Pertusaria) 493 melanochlorum DC. (Isidiwm) 493 melanochroza Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 43 melanophea Ir. (Lecidea) 476. melanophzum Ach. (Calicium) 89 MELANOSPORA Mudd _ ii. 225 MELANOTHECA Fée ii. 347 melantera Stirt. (Pannaria) 344 melantera Cromb. (Pannularia) 344 melaphana Nyi (Lecidea) ii. 99 MELASPILEA Nyl. ii. 226 melastigma Mudd (Biatorina) ii. 128 melastigma Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 128 melathelia Nyl. (Thelopsis) ii. 340 melathelia Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 340 melina Krempelh. (Megalos.) ii. 106 melizea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 113 melops Duf. (Physcia) 315 membranaceum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 226, 291 membranaceus Dicks. (Lichen) memnonia Flot. (Verrwearia) ii. 277 mesoidea A. Li. Sm. (Bilimb.) ii. 135 mesoidea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 185 mesotropa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 77 mesotropa Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 297 mesotropiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 77 mesotropoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 77 mesotropum A. L. Sm. (Thelidium) ii. 297 metabolica Ach. (Lecanora) 448 metaboloides Nyl. (Lecanora) 437 metamorphea Oliv. (Bilimbia) ii. 138 metamorphea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 138 Metzleri Koerb. (Biatora) ii. 40 Metzleri Th. Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 40 348 392 mucrocarpa Davies (Verrucaria) ii, 299 microcarpum A, L, Sm, (Thelidium) ii. 299 microcephala Nyl. (Sphinctrina) 84 microcephalum Tul. (Caliciwm) 84 microcephalum Turn, & Borr. (Cali- cium) 84 microcephalum Gray (Phacotiwm) 84 mucrocephalus Tayl. (Beomyces) 108 muicrocephalus 1, Bot. t. 1865 (Lichen) 84 mucrococea Koerb. (Bialora) ii. 47 micrococca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 47 MICROGLAINA Koerb. ii. 308 microphylla Hook. (Lecidea) 341 microphylla Mudd (Pannaria) 341 microphylla Nyl. (Pannularia) 340 microphyllum Ach. (Collema) 58 microphyllum Nyl. (Collemodium) 58 microphyllum Gray (Hinchylium) 58 microphyllum Nyl. (Leptogiwm) 58 microphyllum Sm. (Placodiumm) 341 microphyllus EK. Bot. t. 1782 (Lichen) 132 microphyllus Sw. (Lichen) 341 microphyllus H. Bot. t. 2128 (Lichen) 342 microphyllus Sin. (Scyphophorus) 132 microscopica Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 217 Microscopicum Nyl. (Leptogium) 67 microspila Koerb. (Arthopyr.) ii. 322 microspora Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 278 microsporoides Nyl. (Verruc.) ii. 277 microsticta Nyl. (Varicellaria) 511 microstictica Wint. (Didymospheeria) ii. 344 mvicrostictica Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 344 microsticticum Leight. (Hndocarpon) li. 344 microsticticum Turn. & Borr. (Isidiwm) 502 mucrosticticus Sm. (Lichen) 502 MICROTHELIA Koerb. ii. 330 micula Flot. (Microthelia) ii. 331 milliarva Koerb. (Bilimbia) ii. 145 milliaria Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 145 milvina Ach. (Lecanora) 398 milvina Tayl. (Lecanora) 398 milvina Wahl. (Parmelia) 398 mumata Tayl. (Lecanora) 361 miniata Sm. (Squamaria) 360 miniatula Nyl. (Lecanora) 364 INDEX miniatum Th. Fr. (Dermatocarpon) ii. 267 miniatum Ach. (Hndocarpon) miniatus Li. (Lichen) ii. 267 miniatus Sim. (Lichen) ii. 268 minimum, ete. Dill. (Coralloides) 124 minuscula Nyl. (Ramalina) 200 minuta Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 34 minuta Massal. (Lecidea) ii. 34 minutellum Ach. (Calictwm) 95 minutissinuum Floerke (Collema) 66 minutissimum Fr, (Leptogium) 66 mirifica Stirton (Opegrapha) ii. 238 miscellus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 82 misella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 43 miserrimum Nyl. (Mycopor.) mista Fr. (Biatora) ii. 118 modesta A. L’Sm. (Microgl.) ii. 308 modesta Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 309 meoestula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 42 molariformis Hofim. (Cladonia) 125 mollis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 89 mollis Leight. (Pyrenothea) ii. 296 mollis Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 296 monocarpon Duf. (Collema) 50 monogona Nyl. (Pertusaria) 494 Montagnei Flot. (Rhizocarpon) ii.198 montanum fruticuli ete. Dill. (Coral- loides) 174,177 Mooreana Carroll (Lecidea) ii. 73 Mooreit Hepp (Leptogiwm) 36 moriformis Ach. (Arthonia) ii. 108 moriformis Th. Fr. (Biator.) 11. 108 Morio Mudd (Biatorella) ii. 109 Morio Fr, (Lecidea) ii. 110 mortarii Leight. (Verrucaria) ii, 284 Mougeotii Scher. (Parmelia) 249 Mougeotii Hepp (Lecidea) ii. 174 Mougeotioides Nyl. (Lecanora) ii. 352 mucosa Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 103 mucosa Wahlenb. (Verrucaria) ii. 277 Muddii Mudd (Biatorina) 393 Muddii Cromb. (Lecidea) 393 mullensis Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 93 multifidus Dicks. (Lichen) 250 multipartitum Sm. (Collema) 56 multipartitus Mudd (Synechobl.) 56 multipuncta Nyl. (Pertusaria) 494 multipuncta Turn. (Variolaria) 494 multipunctata Leight. (Pertus.) 494 multipunctus Ei. Bot. t. 2061 (Lichen) 494 ii. 267 11. 349 INDEX muralis Dicks. (Lichen) 353 muralis Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 292 muralis Borr. (Verrucaria) ii, 311 muralis Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 291 muricata Del. (Cenomyce) 154 muricata Cromb. (Cladonia) 154 murina Ach. (Gyrophora) 325 murina Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 288 murorum Ach. (Lecanora) 359 murorum HK. Bot. t. 2157 (Lichen) 362 murorum Hoffm. (Lichen) 359 murorum Leight. (Placodiwm) 359 murorum Sm. (Squamaria) 359 muscicola Hook. (Collema) 68 muscicola Fr. (Leptogium) 68 muscicola Sw. (Lichen) 68 muscicola Gray (Polychidiwm) 68 muscigena Ach. (Parmelia) 309 muscigena Nyl. (Physcia) 309 muscorum Mudd (Bacidia) ii. 159 muscorum Hook. (Lecanora) 344 muscorum Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 160 muscorum Weber (Lichen) ii. 160 muscorum Cromb. (Pannaria) 344 muscorum Gray (Psoroma) 344 muscorum Sm. (Squamaria) 344 mutabilis Hée (Lecidea) ii. 43 mutabilis Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 290 MYCOPORELLUM A. Zahlbr. ii. 349 MYCOPORUM Flot. ii. 349 myriocarpa Mudd (Buellia) ii. 169 myriocarpa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 169 myriocarpa DC. (Patellaria) ii. 169 myriocarpa Hepp (Verruc.) ii. 288 myriocarpella Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 218 myriococcum Ach. (Collema) 40 myrtococcus Ach. (Lichen) 40 myrvospora Leight. (Verruc.) myrticola Fée (Chiodecton) ii. 348 ii. 262 Negelu Hepp (Biatora) ii. 138 Negelii Anzi (Bilimbia) ii. 138 Negelit Stiz. (Lecidea) ii, 138 nanum Nyl. (Leprocaulon) 123 nanum Ach. (Stereocaulon) 123 nebulosa Nyl. (Pannaria) 338 nebulosa Hoffm. (Psora) 338 neglecta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 97 neglecta Deakin (Verrucaria) ii. 286 neottizans A. L. Sm. (Didymospheria) li. 344 393 neottizans Leight. (Verruc.) ii, 344 nephea Somm. (Lecanora) 453 NEPHROMIUM Nyl. 282 nericiensis Hellb. (Microgl.) ii. 309 niger Huds. (Lichen) 342 migra Cromb. (Pannaria) 342 nigra Nyl. (Pannularia) 342 nigrata Mudd (Spheromph.) ii. 303 nigrata Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 303 nigrescens Ach. (Collema) 54 nigrescens Gray (Lathagrium) 54 migrescens Huds. (Lichen) 54 nigrescens Ach. (Pyrenula) ii. 286 nigrescens Mudd (Synechoblastus) 54 nigrescens Pers. (Verrucaria) ii, 286 nigricans Nyl. (Alectoria) 210, nigricans Cromb. (Lecanora) 378 nigrificans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 95 nigritella A. L.Sm. (Polyblast.) ii. 305 nigritella Nyl. (Verrucaria) 11. 305 nigritula Mudd (Buellia) ii. 171 migritula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 171 nigroclavata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 101 migro-flavum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) iis AGE nigroglomerata Leight. (Lecanora) ii. 59 nigroglomerata Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 58 nigrogrisea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 86 nigrum Sm. (Collema) 342 nigrum Mass. (Lecothecium) 342 nigrum Mudd (Lecothecvwm) 343 | nigrum Gray (Placynthiwm) 342 mimbosa Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 233 nitens Ach. (Lecanora) 545 nitens Pers. (Patellaria) 454 nitescens Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 103 nitescens Salwey (Verrucaria) ii. 316 nitida Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 87 nitida Ach. (Pyrenula) ii. 340 mitida Weigel (Spheria) ii. 340 nitida Schrad. (Verrucaria) ii. 340 Nitschkeana Lahm. (Bilimb.) ii 142 Nitschkeana Stiz. (Lecidea) ii. 142 nivale Nyl. (Platysma) 220 nivalis Gray (Cetraria) 220 nivalis Nyl. (Lecanora) 388 nivalis Linn. (Lichen) 220 nivalis Koerb. (Zeora) 389 niveoatra Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 296 niveoatra Leight. (Pyrenothea) ii. 296 394 nolens Nyl. (Pertusaria) 508 NORMANDINA Nyl. ii. 272 notha S. F. Gray (Alywxoria) ii, 240 notha Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 240 nothiza Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 236 nothus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 240 Nylandert Hepp (Sagedia) ii, 298 Nylanderi Krempelh. (Thelid.) ii. 298 Nylanderiana Mass, (Lecania) 448 Nylanderiana Nyl. (Lecanora) 448 oblongans Nyl. (Collemopsis) 79 OBRYZUM Wallr. ii. 265 obscura Mudd (Borrera) 318 obscura Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 350 obscura Nyl. (Physcia) 318 obscura Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 259 obscurata Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 197 obscuratum Massal. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 196 obscurum A. L. Sm. (Mycoporellum) ii. 350 obscurum Almqu. (Mycoporwm) ii. 350 obscurus Hhrh. (Lichen) 318 obscurus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 258 obscurus With. (Lichen) 310 obsoleta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 97 obturbans A. L. Sm. (Biatorin.) 11.131 obturbans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 181 occulta Koerb. (Buellia) ii. 167 occulta Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 167 ocellata Koerb. (Buellia) i. 172 ocellata Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 172 ochracea Duf. (Arthonia) ii. 211 ochracea Mudd (Aspicilia) 478 ochracea Hepp (Biatora) ii. 41 ochracea Nyl. (Lecanora) 375 ochracea Wedd. (Lecidea) ii. 41 ochracea Scher. (Lecidea) 3875 ochraceum Mudd (Callopisma) 375 ochrocheila Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 232 ochrochlora Floerke (Cladonia) 142 ochrococca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 36 ochroleuca Nyl. (Alectoria) 208 ochroleuca Hook. (Cornicularia) ochroleucus Ehrh. (Lichen) 208 ochroleucus With. (Lichen) 210 ochrophora Th. Fr. (Biatorella) ii. 107 ochrophora Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 108 ochrostoma Borr. (Sagedia) ii. 284 208 ochrothalamia Nyl. (Melasp.) ii. 227 INDEX oculata Ach. (Lecanora) 465 oculata Gray (Rinodina) 465 oculatum Turn, & Borr. (Isidiwm) 465 oculatus Dicks. (Lichen) 465 | oculatus Ki. Bot. t.1833 (Lichen) 493 odontella Ach. (Cetraria) 219 odontellus Ach. (Lichen) 219 CGHderi Tayl. (Lecidea) 476 deri Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 188 Ciidert Web, (Lichen) ii. 188 CGideri K. Bot. t. 1117 (Lichen) Cideri Koerb. (Rhizocarpon) olivacea Mudd (Arthopyrenia) olivacea Ach. (Parmelia) 251 olivacea Gray (Parmelia) 251 olivacea A, L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 337 olivacea Pers. (Verrucaria) ii. 337 olivaceum, scutellis etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 251, 252, 254 olivaceus Huds. (Lichen) 251 olivetorum Nyl. (Parmelia) 234 omphalodes Linn. (Lichen) 243 omphalodes Ach. (Parmelia) 243 OPEGRAPHA Humb. ii. 229 ophthalmiza Nyl. (Pertusaria) 496. oreina Ach. (Lecanora) ii. 352 oremna Wainio (Rinodina) ii. 352 oribata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 160 orosthea Ach. (Lecanora) 429 orosthea Gray (Lecidea) 429 orostheus Ach. (Lichen) 429 476 ii. 187 li. 337 | orostheus HK. Bot. t.1549 (Lichen) 432 orphneeilla Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 93 ostreata Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 14 ostreata Hofim. (Psora) ii. 14 ovata Deak. (Verrucaria) ii. 286 oxyspora Mudd (Arthopyrenia) ii. 330 oxyspora Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 103 oxysporus Tul. (Abrothallus) ii. 103 pachycarpa Fr. (Biatora) ii. 198 pachycarpa Massal. (Bomby.) ii. 198 pachycarpa Duf. (Lecidea) ii. 198 pallescens Nyl. (Lecanora) 462 pallescens With. (Lichen) 423 — pallescens Linn. (Lichen) 463 pallida Fr. (Coniocybe) 100 pallida Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 275 pallidum Pers. (Caliciwm) 100 | pallidum Mudd (Dermatocarp.) ii. 275 ochrostoma Mudd (Verrucaria) ii. 284 pallidum Ach. (Hndocarpon) i. 275 | pallidus Dicks. (Lichen) 417 INDEX pallidus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 275 palmatum Sm. (Collema) 73 palmatum Mont. (Leptogium) 73 palmatum Gray (Scytenium) 73 palmatus Huds. (Lichen) 73 pammniicta Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 89 panxola Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 65 PANNARIA Del. 335 pannariellum Nyl. (Pterygium) 34 PANNULARIA Nyl. 340 papillaria Tayl. (Cenomyce) 124 papillaria Mudd (Cladonia) 124 papillaria Whrh. (Lichen) 124 papillaria Duf. (Pycnothelia) 124 papillosa Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 283 papulare Arn. (Thelidium) ii. 298 papularis Fr. (Verrucaria) ii. 299 paradozum Turn. & Borr. (Isidiwm) 500 paradoxum Born. (Spilonema) 20 paralia Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 218 parallela Fr. (Stictis) ii. 223 parallela Fr. (Xylographa) ii. 223 parallelus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 223 parasema Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 51 parasemotdes Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 219 parasemus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 51 parasemus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 52 parasitica Tayl. (Cenamyce) 160 parasitica Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 185 parasitica Massal. (Leciogr.) ii, 185 parasiticus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 184 parasiticus Sm. (Scyphophorus) 160 paraxanthodes Nyl. (Opegr.) ii. 238 parella Ach. (Lecanora) 461 parella Gray (Rinodina) 461 parellarva Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 186 parellus Linn. (Lichen) 461 parietina Gray (Parmelia) 297 parietina De Not. (Physcia) 297 parietinum Ach. (Calicium) 95 parvetinus Linn, (Lichen) 297 parile Gray (Nephroma) 284 parile Nyl. (Nephromium) 284 parilis Ach. (Lichen) 284 Parisiensis Nyl. (Lecanora) 412 parissima Ny}. (Lecidea) ii. 122 PARMELIA Ach. 232 Parmeliarum Oliv. (Buellia) ii. 183 Parmelwarum Sommerf. (Lecid.) ii. 183 PARMELIOPSIS Nyl. 262 PARMOSTICTA Nyl. 274 395 particularis A. L.Sm. (Buellia) ii. 184 particularis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 184 parum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 182 parva Deakin (Verrucaria) ii. 294 parvum virescens, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 279 paschale Fr. (Stereocaulon) paschale Gray (Stereocaulon) paschalis Huds. (Lichen) 117 paschalis Linn. (Lichen) 118 patellulata Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 217 Patersoni Stirton (Melasp.) ii. 229 patula Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 292 paucula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 43 pedatula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 97 pelidna Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 162 pelidniza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 163 peliocypha Nyl. (Lecanora) 483 peliocypha Wahl. (Parmelia) 483 peliscypha Cromb. (Lecanora) 484 pellita Ach. (Gyrophora) 334 pellitus Ki. Bot. t. 931 (Lichen) 334 pellucida Ach. (Peltidea) 291 pelobotrya Mudd (Aspicilia) 469 pelobotrya Somm. (Lecanora) 469 pelobotrya Cromb. (Lecidea) 469 pelobotryon Wahl. (Urceolaria) 469 peloclita Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 288 peltatum arboreum etc. Dill. (Lichen- 118 117 oides) 272 peltatum terrestre etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 287, 289 PELTIDEA Ach. 277 PHELTIGERA Hoffm. 286 peltigera Th. Fr. (Arthonia) ii. 219 peltophora A. L. Sm. (Polyblastia) ii. 306 peliophora Stirton (Verrucar.) peralbella Nyl. (Lecanora) 419 percenoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 482 percontigua Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 68 perforata Ach. (Parmelia) 235 perforata Sm. (Parmelia) 234 perforatum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 178, 179, 155 perforatus E. Bot. t. 2423 (Lichen) 234 perforatus Wulf. (Lichen) 235 periclea Sm. (Lecanora) 395 periclea Nyl. (Platygrapha) ii. 204 periclea Gray (Rinodina) 395 pericleus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 204 pericleus EB. Bot. t. 1850 (Lichen) 395 11. 306 396 pertpherica Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii, 344 periphericus Cromb. (Hndo.) ii. 344 periplaca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 90 perlata Ach. (Parmelia) 233 perlatus Linn. (Lichen) 233 perluta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 187 perlutum A. Zahlbr. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 187 perminuta Deakin (Verrucaria) ii. 835 perobscura Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 32 peronellum Turn. & Borr. (Calic.) 100 perpusilla Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 343 perpusillum Arn. (Ticothec.) ii. 348 perpusillus Nyl. (Hndococcus) ii. 348 persicina Koerb. (Sagedia) ii. 336 persimilis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 187 Persoonit Ach, (Lichen) ii. 235 pertenuis Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 336 pertusa Scher. (Parmelia) 261 pertusa Hook. (Porina) 499 PERTUSARIA DC. 491 pertusus Linn. (Lichen) 499 pertusus Schrank (Lichen) 261 perustula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 87 petrea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 194 petrea Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 195 petrea Nyl. (Lithographa) ii. 223 petrea Dur. (Opegrapha) ii. 223 petreeum Del. (Chiodecton) ii. 261 petreaum Koerb. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 195 petreum Massal. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 194 petreus Wulfen (Lichen) ii. 194 petrina Nyl. (Graphis) ii. 248 pezizoidea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 199 pezizoides Dicks. (Lichen) 338 pezizoides Weber (Lichen) 338 pezizoides Leight. (Pannaria) 338 pezizoideum Koerb. (Lopad.) ii. 199 phacodes Koerb. (Bacidia) ii. 152 phacodes Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 152 pheenterodes Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 66 pheocarpella Nyl. (Lecanora) 378 pheocephalum Turn. & Borr. (Cali- cium) 88 pheocephalum Mudd (Cypheliaum) 88 pheocephalus Turn. (Lichen) 88 PHASOGRAPHIS Muell. ii. 252 pheoleucodes Nyl. (Lecanora) 445 pheops Th. Fr. (Lecanora) ii. 20 pheops Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 20 phlogina Nyl. (Lecanora) 386 PHUYCTIS Walir. 512 | PLATYGRAPHA Nyl. | pineti Massal. (Biatorina) INDEX phycopsis Ach, (Roccella) 182 phylliscella Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 25 phylliscina Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 80 phyllscocarpa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 79 phylodisca Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 93 PHYSCIA Schreb. 294 physodes Linn. (Lichen) 258 physodes 3. Bot. t. 126 (Lichen) 259, 260 physodes Ach, (Parmelia) 258 physodes Tayl. (Parmelia) 259 physodes Gray (Physcia) 258 picea Nyl. (Lecanora) 452 picila Massal. (Biatora) ii. 47 picila Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 46 picta Tayl. (Lecidea) 384 pileatum Ach. (Stereocaulon) PILOPHORUS Fr. 114 pilularis Koerb, (Biatorina) ii. 116 pilularis Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 116 pinastri Gray (Cetraria) 225 pinastri Scop. (Lichen) 225 pinastri Nyl. (Platysma) 225 pinett Koerb. (Arthonia) ii. 207 ii. 113 pineti Ach. (Lecidea) ii, 113 pinett Schrad. (Lichen) ii, 113 pinguicula Massal. (Verrucar.) ii. 288 122 prnicola Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 169 pinicola Ach. (Lichen) ii. 169 punicola Sm. (Lichen) 1). 170 | piniperda Koerb. (Lecanora) 435 pissodes Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 17 pituphloia Leight. (Verrucaria) ii, 806 pityrea Floerke (Capitularia) 132 pityrea Floerke (Cladonia) 132 pityrea Sm. (Parmelia) 308 pityrea Nyl. (Physcia) 308 pityreus Ach. (Lichen) 308 placodiellum Nyl. (Leptogium) 68 PLACODIUM Nyl. 357 | placophyllus Ach. (Beomyces) 111 PLACOPSIS Nyl. 355 piana Nyl. (Lecidea) plana Lahm (Leerdella) platycarpa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 68 PLATYGRAMMA Leight. ii. 258 ii. 204 platyna Ach. (Cetraria) 216 platypyrenia A. L. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) li. 329 platypyrenia Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 329 ii. 76 ii. 76 INDEX PLATYSMA Nyl. 219 pleiospora A. L. Sm. (Lecidea) ii. 352 plewrota Floerke (Capitularia) 163 pleurota Cromb. (Cladonia) 163 pleurota Gray (Scyphophora) 163 plicata Gray (Usnea) 204 plicatile Sm. (Collema) 59 plicatile Ny]. (Collemodium) 59 plicatile Gray (Enchylium) 59 plicatile Nyl. (Leptogiwm) 59 plicatilis Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 197 plicatilis Ach. (Lichen) 59 plicatilis A. L. Sm. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 197 plicatus Ach. (Lichen) 204 plicatus Huds. (Lichen) 205 plumbea Nyl. (Coccocarpia) 346 plumbea 8. F. Gray (Lithocia) ii. 287 plumbea Mudd (Pannaria) 346 plumbea Hook. (Parmelia) 346 plumbea Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 287 plumbeum Sm. (Placodiwm) 346 plumbeus Lightf. (Lichen) 346 plumbina Anzi (Leciographa) ii. 186 plumbosus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 287 Pociliwm Ach. (Beomyces) 1380 Poliniert Del. (Collema) 72 poliodes Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 44 poliophea Ach. (Lecanora) 408 poliophea Wahl. (Parmelia) 408 pollinaria Ach. (Ramalina) 194 pollinarvus Westr. (Lichen) 194 pollinarius E, Bot. t. 1607 (Lichen) 195 polospora A. L. Sm. (Bueilia) polospora (Lecidea) 383 polospora Leight. (Lecidea) polyantha Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 72 POLYBLASTIA Massal. ii. 300 polycarpa Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 75 polycarpa Nyl. (Physcia) 299 polycarpon Koerb. (Collema) 53 ii. 168 48 169 polycarpum Gray (Psoroma) 300 polycarpus Khrh. (Lichen) 300 polydactyla Gray (Peltidea) 291 polydactyla Hoffm. (Peltigera) 290 polydactylon Neck. (Lichen) 291 polymorpha Ach. (Ramalina) 193 polymorpha Sm. (Ramalina) 194 polymorpha Leight. (Ramalina) polymorphus Ach. (Lichen) 193 polyphylla Turn, & Borr.(Gyroph.) 331 199 397 polyphylla Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 331 polyphyllus Linn. (Lichen) 331 polyrhizos Huds. (Lichen) 330 polyrrhiza Krb. (Gyrophora) 333 polyrrhiza Cromb., (Umbilicaria) 333 polyrrhizos Linn. (Lichen) 834 polyschides, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 269 polyschizum Nyl. (Platysma) 223 polysita A. L. Sm. (Bacidia) ii. 150 polysita (Stirton) (Lecidea) ii. 150 polyspora Nyl. (Lecanora) 402 polyspora Hepp (Muellerella) ii. 345 polyspora Fr. (Rinodina) 402 polysticta Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 289 polystictum Borr. (Endocarpon) ii. 289 polythecia Tayl. (Variolaria) 495 polytropa Scher. (Lecanora) 487 polytropa Gray (Lecidea) 437 polytropus Ehrh. (Lichen) 487 polytropus KE. Bot. t. 1264 (Lichen) 439 populneum De Brond. (Calicium) 96 PORINA Ach. ii. 332 poriniformis Nyl. (Lecanora) 476 porphyria Gray (Rinodina) 455 porriginosus Turn. (Lichen) ii. 152 portentosa Duf. (Cenomyce) 177 postuma Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 196 postumum Th. Fr. (Rhizocarp.) ii. 196 precavenda A. I. Sm. (Buellia) ii.171 precavenda Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 171 prepostera Nyl. (Lecanora) 418 prerimata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 24 prasina Syd. (Biatorina) ii. 120 prasina Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 120 prasina Hr. (Micarea) ii. 120 prasimiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 120 prasinoides Oliv. (Bacidia) ii. 154 prasinoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 154 prasinorufa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 28 premnea A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 123 premnea Weddeil (Lecanactis) ii. 201 premnea Ach. (Lecidea) ii, 201 premnea Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 123 premneoides A. L.Sm. (Bilimb.) ii-147 premneoides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 147 premneum Mudd (Schismat.) ii. 201 Prevost Fr. (Gyalecta) 478 Prevostii Fr. (Lecanora) 478 privigna Nyl. (Lecanora) 489 privigna Ach. (Lecidea) 489 privigna Gray (Rinodina) 490 398 proboscidea Ach. (Gyrophora) 325 proboscidea Turn, & Borr. (Gyrophora) 327 proboscidea Tayl. (Parmelia) 234 proboscidea Cromb. (Umbilicaria) 325 proboscideus Ach, (Lichen) 325 proboscideus Huds. (Lichen) 327 proboscideus EK. Bot. t. 522 (Lichen) 327 prolixa Nyl. (Parmelia) prominula Borr, (Lecidea) ii. 71 prominula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 291 promiscens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 73 prosecha Leight. (Lecanora) 426 prosechoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 426 prosechoidiza Nyl. (Lecanora) 427 prosiliens Stirton (Opegr.) ii. 234 prosodea Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 245 proteiformis Mass. (Biatora) 445 proteiformis Nyl. (Lecanora) 445 protrusa Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 49 proximella Nyl. (Melaspilea) . ii. 228 proximella Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 228 proximella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 228 prunastri Ach. (Evernia) 229 prunastri Linn, (Lichen) 229 pruinata Steudel (Arthonia) 11. 214, 353 pruinata Pers. (Pattellaria) ii. 214 pruinifera Nyl. (Lecanora) 355 pruinosa Ach. (Arthonia) ii. 214, 353 pruimosa Mudd (Biatorella) 488 pruinosa Chaub. (Lecanora) 355 pruinosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 487 | pruinosa Sm. (Lecidea) 487 pruinosus Sm. (Lichen) 488 Psora Dicks. (Lichen) 317 psorellum Nyl. (Collema) 64 PSOROMA Ny]. 349 psoromoides Hook. (Hndoc.) ii. 344 psoromoides Wint. (Physalospora ?) li. 344 psoromoides Borr. (Verrucar.) ii. 344 psotina Leight. (Pannaria) 348 psotina Cromb. (Pannularia) 343 pteleodes Nyl. (Mycoporum) _ ii. 349 PTERYGIUM Nyl. 33 PTYCHOGRAPHA Nyl. ii. 225 pubescens Gray (Cornicularia) 28 pubescens Nyl. (Ephebe) 28 pubescens Linn. (Lichen) 28 pubescens Huds. (Lichen) 257 pulchella Tuckerm. (Buellia) ii. 181 252 INDEX ii. 181 ii, 272 ii. 272 pulchella Scheer. (Lecidea) pulchella Cromb. (Normand.) pulchella Borr. (Verrucaria) pulchellum Borr. (Hndoc.) ii, 272 pulchellus Schrad. (Lichen) ii. 181 pulicaris Ach. (Lecanora) 416 pulicaris Hoffm. (Lichen) ii. 289 pulicaris Pers. (Patellaria) 416 pullum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 334 pulius Lightf. (Lichen) 310 pullus Dicks. (Lichen) 339 pulmonacea Ach. (Sticta) 271 pulmonaria Hoffm. (Lobaria) 271 pulmonaria Hook, (Sticta) 271 pulmonarius Linn. (Lichen) 271 pulmonarius ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 296 pulmonarius: saxatilis, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) ii. 11 pulmonarius terrestres, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides, quod Lichen) ii. 270 pulmoneum reticulatum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 271 pulmoneum villosum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 270 pulposa Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 295 pulposulum Nyl. (Collema) 46 pulposum Ach. (Collema) 45 pulposus Bernh. (Collema) 45 pulverea Mudd (Biatorina) ii. 123 pulverea Borr, (Lecidea) ii. 124 pulverulenta Mudd (Borrera) 305. pulverulenta Ach. (Graphis) ii, 251 pulverulenta Leight. (Graphis) il. 256 pulverulenia Pers. (Opegr.) il. 251 pulverulenta Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 256 pulverulenta Gray (Parmelia) 305 pulverulenta Nyl. (Physcia) 305 pulverulentus BE. Bot. t. 2063 (Lichen) 307 pulverulentus Schreb. (Lichen) 305 pulvinata Mudd (Bacidia) ii, 149 pulvinata Ach. (Cenomyce) 165 pulvinata Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 149 pulvinatum Nyl. (Leptogium) 70 pulvinatum Hoffm. (Collema) 71 pumila Gray (Lichina) 32 pumilis Huds. (Fucus) 32 punctatus Dicks. (Lichen) 410 punctatus E. Bot. t. 450 (Lichen) 479 punctella Nyl, (Arthonia) ii. 219 INDEX punctiformis Ach. (Arthonia) ii. 216 punctiformis Mudd (Arthonia) ii. 210, 349 punctiformis Arn. (Arthopyr.) ii. 317 punetiformis S. F. Gray (Lejophlea) ii. 317 punctiformis Ach. (Lichen) ii. 317 punctiformis Pers. (Verrucar.) ii.317 punctilliformis Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 212 pungens Koerb. (Biatora) ii. 54. pungens Floerke (Cladonia) 153 pungens Ach. (Lichen) 153 pungens Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 54 purpurascens Hofim. (Verrucaria) ii. 294 pusillum Floerke (Calicium) 93 pusillum Hedw. (Endocarpon) ii. 274 pusillum Tayl. (Endocarpon) ii. 270 pusillum Nyl. (Leptogium) 65 pustulata Gray (Gyrophora) 323 pustulata Nyl. (Pertusaria) 504 pustulata Ach. (Porina) 504 pustulata Hofim. (Umbilicaria) 323 pustulatus Linn. (Lichen) 323 pustulosum ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 323 pycnocarpa Koerb. (Lecidea) ii. 102 PYCNOTHELIA Duf. 124 pygmea Ag. (Lichina) 32 pygmea Bory (Borrera) 301 pygmea Koerb. (Microthelia) ii. 348 pygmeeum Koerb. (Ticothec.) ii. 343 pygmeus Lightf. (Fucus) 32 pyzracea Nyl. (Lecanora) 383 pyrenastrella Oliv. (Arthopyr.) ii. 317 PYRENIDIUM Nyl. 81 ~ pyreniospora Nyl. (Lecanora) 401 pyrenophora Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 297 pyrenophora Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 299 pyrenophorum Koerb. li. 297, 299 PYRENOPSIS Nyl. 23 pyrenopsoides Nyl. (Collema) 78 pyrenopsoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 78 PYRENULA Ach. ii. 340 pyxidaia Hook. (Cenomyce) 129 pyxidata Fr. (Cladonia) 129 pyxidatum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 140, 145 pyxidatus Linn. (Lichen) 129 pyxidatus Sm. (Scyphophorus) 129 (Thelidiwm) 399 quadricolor Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 25 quadricolor Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 25 querceti Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 8 quercinum Pers. (Calicium) 92 quernea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 19 quernea Koerb. (Pyrrhospora) ii. 20 querneus Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 20 racemosa Hook. (Cenomyce) 152 racemosa Hoffm. (Cladonia) 152 racemosa Nyl. (Cladonia) 151 RACODIUM Pers. ii. 3 radiata Ach. (Arthonia) ii. 215 radiata Tayl. (Cenomyce) 139 radiata Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 215 radiatus Huds. (Lichen) 257 radvatus Schreb. (Lichen) 139 Ralfsii Cromb. (Lecanora) 393 Ralfsw Salw. (Lecidea) 393 RAMALINA Ach. 186 rameum Scher. (Nephroma) 283 rameum Nyl. (Nephromium) 283 ramificans Nyl. (Graphis) ii. 248 ramulosum, ete. Dill. (Coralloides) 172 rangiferina Hook. (Cenomyce) 174 rangiferina Gray (Cladonia) 174 rangiferina Leight. (Cladina) 174 rangiferina Nyl.(Cladina) 174, ii. 352 rangiferinus Linn. (Lichen) 174 rangiferinus alpestris Linn. (Lichen) 177 RAPHIOSPORA Massal. ii. 149 recedens Nyl. (Lecanora) 469 recedens Tayl. (Lecidea) 469 recta Humb. (Opegrapha) ii. 250 recurva Hofim. (Cladonia) 152 recurva Ach. (Parmelia) 250 reddenda Stirt. (Parmelia) 245 reducta Stirt. (Pertusaria) 498 refellens Nyl. (Lecanora) 389 relicta Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 92 repanda Nyl. (Dirina) 491 repanda Fr. (Parmelia) 491 resine Th. Fr. (Biatorella) resine Er. (Lecidea) ii. 109 resine Fr. (Peziza) ii. 109 restricta Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 108 resupinata Gray (Nephroma) 283 resupinata Tayl. (Nephroma) 284 resupinatus Huds. (Lichen) 284 resupinatus KE. Bot. t. 305 (Lichen) 285 ii. 108 400 reticulata Tayl. (Parmelia) 235 yeticulatus Wulf. (Lichen) 257 retinens Nyl. (Calicium) 96 retrogressa Stirt. (Physcia) 311 revertens Nyl. (Spilonema) 21 revoluta Floerke (Imbricaria) 237 revoluta Nyl. (Parmelia) 237 rhagadiza Nyl. (Lecanora) 485 rhexoblephara A. Li. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 146 rhexoblephara Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 146 rhizobola Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 12 RHIZOCARPON Ramond ii. 187 vhodocarpa Koerb. (Pertusaria) 511 rhodosticta Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 280 rhypariza Nyl. (Lecanora) 449 rhyparodes Nyl. (Leptogium) 64 rhypodiza A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 127 vhypodiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 127 rhyponta Massal. (Arthopyr.) ii. 327 rhyponta Mudd (Arthopyr.) ii. 822 rhyponta Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 327 vhyponta Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 322 RICASOLIA De Not. 274 rigida, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 212 vigidum eryngit etc. Dill, (Lichen- | oides) 215, 216 yimalis Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 240 rimata Nyl. (Platygrapha) ii. 205 vimosa Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 193 vimosicola Mudd (Microthelia) 11. 344 vimosicola Leight. (Verrucar.) ii. 344 | rimosicolum Arn. (Ticothec.) ii. 344 vimosus Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 193 rivulosa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 87 rivulosus Sm. (Lichen) _ ii. 87 roboris Nyl. (Lecanora) 397 ROCCELLA DC. 182 Roccella With. (Lichen) 182 Roccella E. Bot. t. 211 (Lichen) 183 roscidum Floerke (Calicium) ii. 351 rosella De Not. (Bacidia) ii. 150 vosella Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 150 vosellus E. Bot. t. 1651 (Lichen) rosellus Pers. (Lichen) ii. 150 roseus Pers. (Beomyces) 111 vubella Massal. (Bacidia) ii. 151 rubella Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 151 rubella Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 230 rubella Mudd (Opegrapha) ii. 245 419 rubella Nyl. (Thelopsis) ii. 340 INDEX rubella Hoffm. (Verrucaria) ii, 151 rubella Leight. (Verrucariu) ii. 340 rubellus Ach, (Lichen) ii, 230 rubida Chevy. (Opegrapha) ii. 230 rubidula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 49, 353 rubiformis Wahlenb. (Beomy.) ii. 12 rubiformis Wahlenb., (Lecidea) ii. 12 rubiformis 8. F. Gray (Lepid.) ii. 12 rubiformis 8m. (Lichen) ii. 12 rubiformis Hook. (Psora) ii. 12 rubiginosa Del. (Pannaria) 336 rubiginosa Gray (Parmelia) 3386 rubiginosa Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 333 rubiginosus Thunb. (Lichen) 336 rubra Ach. (Lecanora) 457 | rubra Mudd (Phialopsis) 458 rubra Gray (Rinodina) 458 rubra Hofim, (Verrucaria) 458 rubricosa Gray (Rinodina) 365 ruderalis Nyl. (Arthonia) ii, 218 rufescens Ach. (Hndocarpon) ii. 270 rufescens Nyl. (Lecanora) 484 rufescens Borr. (Lecidea) 484 rufescens HK, Bot. t. 2300 (Lichen) 288 rufescens Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 230 rufescens Hook. (Peltidea) 288 rufescens Hoffm. (Peltigera) 288 rufescens Turn. (Sagedia) 484 rufescens Tayl. (Urceolaria) 472 rufescens Sm. (Urceolaria) 484 rufofusca Anzi (Biatora) ii. 44 rufofusca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 44 rufovirescens Tayl. (Hndocarpon) 486 rufus DC. (Beomyces) 109 rufus Huds. (Lichen) 109 ruginosum Duf. (Collema) 74 ruginosum Nyl. (Leptogium) 74 rugosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 412 rugosa Tayl. (Parmelia) 238 rugosum Tayl. (Endocarpon) ii. 275 rugosum durum etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 330 rugosus Pers. (Lichen) 412 rugulosa Mudd (Microthelia) rugulosa Borr. (Verrucaria) rugulosus Nyl. (Hndococcus) ii. 343 Ruiziana Muell. (Graphina) ii. 257 Ruiziana Nyl. (Graphis) 257 Ruiziana Fée (Opegrapha) ii. 257 rupestre Pers. (Racodium) ii. 3 rupestris Pers. (Be@onvyces) 109 rupestris Gray (Lecidea) 387 li. 343 il. 343 INDEX rupestris With. (Lichen) 44 rupestris i. Bot. t. 2245 (Lichen) 387 rupestris Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 234 rupestris Mudd (Pertusaria) 500 rupestris Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 284 rupestris Schrad. (Verrucaria) ii. 293 rupicola Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 115 rupicola Lightf. (Lichen) 420 rupifraga Massal. (Polyblastia) 11. 312 rupifraga Arn. (Staurothele) ii, 312 rupifraga Nyl. (Verrwcaria) ii. 812 rusticella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 45 rusticula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 45 ryssolea A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 173 ryssolea Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 173 sabuletorum Branth & Rostr. (Bi- limbia) ii. 142 sabuletorum Floerke (Lecidea) 11.142 sabulosa Massal. (Bilimbia) ii. 135 saccata Ach. (Solorina) 280 saccatus Linn. (Lichen) 281 sepincola Gray (Cetraria) 221 sepincola Ach. (Lecidea) 434 sepincola Khrh, (Lichen) 221 seepincola Nyl. (Platysma) 221 salicna Gray (Rinodina) 373 salicinus HK. Bot. t. 1305 (Lichen) 373 Salweii A. L. Sm. (Acrocordia) ii. 315 Salwew Borr. (Lecidea) ii. 29 Salweit Mudd (Thelidiwm) ii. 315 Salwei Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 315 Sambuci Nyl. (Lecanora) 443 sanguinaria Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 105 sanguinaria Massal. (Megalospora) ii. 105 sanguinarius L. (Lichen) ii. 105 sanguineoater Wulfen (Lichen) ii. 37 sanguineoatra Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 37 sapinett Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 207 sarcogyniza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 79 sarcogynoides Koerb. (Lecidea) ii. 80 sarcopis Ach. (Lecanora) 440 sarcopis Wahl. (Parmelia) 441 sarcopisioides Mass. (Biatora) sarmentosa Ach. (Alectoria) 209 sarmentosus Ach. (Lichen) 209 sarmentosus EK. Bot. t. 2040 (Lichen) 209 sarniense Salw. (Chiodecion) ii, 262 satwrninum Hook. (Collema) 75 saturninum Nyl. (Leptogium) 75 II. 437 401 saturninum Gray (Mallotiwm) 75 saturninus Dicks. (Lichen) 75 saturninus Sm. (Lichen) 76 saxatile Scher. (Calicuwm) ii. 173 saxatile, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 243, 284, 325 saxatilis Koerb. (Buellia) saxatilis Ach. (Parmelia) saxatilis Hepp (Lecidea) saxatilis Linn. (Lichen) saxatilis DC. (Opegrapha) ii. 234 saxatilis Br. (Opegrapha) ii. 237 saxatilis Leight. (Opegrapha) ii. 244 saxetana Ach. (Lecidea) 455 saxicola Massal. (Arthopyr.) ii. 323 saxicola Ach. (Lecanora) 353 saxicola Poll. (Lichen) 353 saxicola Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 234 saxicola Sm. (Squamaria) 353 saxicola Cromb. (Verrucaria) ii. 323 ii. 173 240 ii. 173 241 saxicolum Gray (Placodiwm) 353 saxifragus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 13 saxigena Tayl. (Opegrapha) ii. 234 saxorum Massal. (Buellia) ii. 173 saxorum Hepp. (Lecidea) ii, 174 scaber Huds. (Lichen) 28 scabra Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 50 scabrata Nyl. (Usnea) 205 scabriuscula Del. (Cenomyce) 156 scabriuscula Nyl. (Cladonia) 156 scabrosa Koerb. (Buellia) ii. 179 scabrosa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 179 scabrosa Fr. (Peltigera) 290 scalare S. F. Gray (Lepidoma) ii. 14 scalaris Sm. (Lichen) i. 14 scalaris Hook. (Psora) ii. 14 scapanaria Carring. (Lecidea) ii. 187 scapanaria A. L. Sm. (Leciogr.) ii. 186 scaphoidea Stirton (Xylogr.) ii. 224 Schraderi Sm. (Collema) 62 Schraderi Nyl. (Collemodium) 62 Schradert Mudd (Leptogium) 62 Schraderi Bernh. (Lichen) 62 Schradert Sm. (Lichen) ii. 301 Schraderi 8. F.Gray (Lithocia) ii.302 Schraderi A. L. Sm. (Polyblas.) ii. 301 Schradert Gray (Polychidiwm) 62 Schereri De Not. (Buellia) ii. 170 Schereri Nyl. (Collemopsis) 78 Scherert Mass. (Pannaria) 78 Schereri Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 78 SCHISMATOMMA Flot. ii. 201 2 D 402 schistina Nyl. (Lecanora) 416 schistina Cromb, (Lecanora) 416 SCLEROPHYTON Eschw. ii. 260 scolecinus Ach. (Be@omyces) 169 SCOLICIOSPORUM Massal. ii. 149 scopularis Nyl. (Lecanora) 3864 scopulicola A. L.Sm. (Bacidia) 11. 156 scopulicola Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 156 scopulorum Retz. (Lichen) 196 scopulorum Ach. (Ramalina) 196 scoriadea Cooke (Massaria) ii. 345 scoriadea Fr. (Spheria) ii. 345 scortea Ach. (Parmelia) 240 scorteus Ach. (Lichen) 240 scotina Wedd. (Verrucaria) i. 279 scotinodes Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 59 scotinospora Hellb. (Polyblast.) ii. 305 scotinospora Mudd (Spherom.) ii. 305 scotinospora Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 305 scotinum Fr. (Leptogium) 71 scoticum Nyl. (Spilonema) 21 scotinus Ach. (Lichen) 71. scotoplaca Nyl. (Lecanora) 379 scripta Ach. (Graphis) ii. 248 scripta Leight. (Graphis) ii. 255 scripta Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 249 scripta Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 252 scriptus L. (Lichen) ii. 249 scrobiculata Nyl. (Lobarina) 270 scrobiculata Gray (Sticta) 270 scrobiculata Ny}. (Stictina) 270 scrobiculatus Scop. (Lichen) 270 scruposa Cromb. (Lecanora) 516. scruposa Ach. (Urceolaria) 516 scruposus Linn. (Lichen) 516 scutata Gray (Peltidea) 293 scutata Leight. (Peltigera) 292 scutatus Dicks. (Lichen) 293 scutellis etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 307 scutulata Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 65 scyphiforme cornutwm Dill. (Coral- loides) 188, 139 scyphiforme, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 127, 129, 185, 144, 145 scyphiforme foliis, etc. Dill. (Coral- loides) 157 scyphiforme, ossis, etc. Dill. (Coral- loides) 164 scyphiforme serratum etc. Dill. (Coral- loides) 140, 141 scyphiforme, tuberculis etc. Dill. (Cor- alloides) 161, 162. INDEX scyphis etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 136,137 SEGESTRELLA Fr. ii. 332 segmentis angustioribus, etc. Dill. (I1- chenoides) 189, 190, 193 segregans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 96 semipallens Ny]. (Lecidea) ii. 38 Sendtneri Krempelh. (Polyblastia) ii. 303 Sendtnert Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 303 sepincola Dicks. (Lichen) 221 septata Leight. (Sphinctrina) 98 septatum Leight. (Caliciwm) 98 serpentina Ach. (Graphis) ii. 251 serpentina Leight. (Graphis) ii. 249 serpentina Schrad. (Opegrapha) ii. 251 serpentinus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 251 sessile Turn. & Borr. (Calicitwm) 83 siderella Leight. (Opegrapha) ii. 245 siderellus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 242 Siebenhaariana Koerb. (Biatora) 388 Siebenhaariana Nyl. (Lecanora) 388 signatus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 239 silacea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 74, 76 silacea Hoffm. (Patellaria) ii. 74 stliquosus Huds. (Lichen) 197 simplex Nyl. (Lecanora) 490 simplex Sm. (Lecidea) 490 simplex E. Bot. t. 2152 (Lichen) simplex Dav. (Lichen) 490 sinopicum Wahl. (Endocarpon) 486 sinopicus EK. Bot. t.1776 (Lichen) 468, 486 sinuatum Sm. (Collema) 72 sinuatum Gray (Lathagriwm) 72 sinuatum Mudd (Leptogiwm) 71, 72 stnuatus Huds. (Lichen) 72 sinuosa Ach. (Parmelia) 246 simuosus Sm, (Lichen) 246 smaragdula Nyl. (Lecanora) 486 smaragdulum Wahl. (EHndocarp.) 486 smaragdulus EK. Bot. t. 1512 (Lichen) 486 Smithit Tul. (Abrothallus) ii. 183 Smithw Leight. (Graphis) ii. 252 sobolifera Nyl. (Cladonia) 144 | sociale Koerb. (Lopadium) ii. 200 489 socialis Hepp. (Biatora) ii. 200 socialis Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 200 SOLORINA Ach. 279 sophistica Nyl. (Graphis) ii. 255 sophodes Ach. (Lecanora) 394 sophodes Ach. (Lichen) 394 INDEX sophodes Koerb. (Rinodina) 402 sorediata Cromb. (Parmelia) 253 sorediata Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 275 sorediatum Hook. (Endocarp.) ii. 274 sorediza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 68 soreumidia Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 190 soreumidium A. L. Sm. (Rhizocar- pon) ii. 190 spadicea Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 207 sparassa Hook. (Cenomyce) 156 sparassa Gray (Schasmaria) 156 sparassus i. Bot. t. 2362 (Lichen) 156 sparassus Sm. (Scyphophorus) 156 sparsellum A. L. Sm. (Mycoporellum) ji. 350 sparsellum Nyl. (Mycoporum) _ ii. 350 sparsula Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 300 sparsula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 300 sparsulum A. L. Sm. (Thelid.) ii. 300 sparsum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 151 speciosa Mudd (Borrera) 304 speciosa Gray (Parmelia) 304 speciosa Tayl. (Parmelia) 305 speciosa Nyl. (Physcia) 304 speciosus Wulf. (Lichen) 304 speciosus Hi. Bot. t. 1979 (Lichen) 305 spectabile Massal. (Arthonia) ii. 220 spectabilis Flot. (Arthonia) ii. 220 spevrea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 73, 193 spetreus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 73, 193 spherocephalum Turn. & Borr. (Cali- cium) 94 spherocephalum Gray (Phacotiwm) 94 spherocephalus B. Bot. t. 414 (Lichen) 94 spheroides Koerb. (Bilimbia) spheroides Mudd (Bilimbia) ii. 142 spheroides Sommerf. (Lecid.) ii. 187 spheroides Dicks. (Lichen) ii. 187 SPHHAROMPHALE Reichenb. ii. 300, 310 SPHASROPHORUS Pers. 103 SPHINCTRINA Fr. 83 spilobola A. L.Sm.(Arthopyr.) ii.323 spilobola Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 323 spilomanthodes Nyl.(Pertusaria) 505 spilomatica Th. Fr. (Xylogr.) ii. 224 sptlomaticum Anzi (Agyriwm) ii. 225 SPILONEMA Born. 19 spilota Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 74 spinosus Huds. (Lichen) 151 spinulosa Fr. (Hphebe) 29 il. 137 403 spodiza A. L.Sm. (Biatorina) ii, 121 spodiza Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 121 spodochroa Ach. (Gyrophora) spododes Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 142 spodomela Nyl. (Lecanora) 394 spodophea Borr. (Lecanora) 408 spodophziza Nyl. (Lecanora) 447 spodophxoides Nyl. (Lecanora) 410 spodoplaca Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 101 spongiosa Nyl. (Solorina) 281 spongiosum Sm. (Collema) 251 spongiosum Gray (Polychidium) 281 spongiosus Sm. (Lichen) 281 sporadiza Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 51 sporeta Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 17 Sprucet Ch. Bab. (Verrucaria) ii. 299 spurcella A. L. Sm. (Polyblast.) ii. 301 spurcella Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 301 spuria Koerb. (Buellia) ii. 167 spuria Schaer. (Lecidea) ii. 167 spuria Leight. (Peltigera) 289 spurius Ach. (Lichen) 290 squalida Jatta (Bilimbia) ii. 136 squalida Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 187 squalidus Schleicher (Lichen) ii. 187 SQUAMARIA Nyl. 350 squamarioides Mudd (Spheria) ii. 343 squamarioides Wint. (Ticothecium) li. 343 squamosa Hoffm. (Cladonia) 156 squamulosa A. L.Sm. (Bilimb.) ii. 134 squamulosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 482 squamulosa Hook. (Lecanora) 483 squamulosa Deakin (Lecidea) ii. 135 squamulosa Mudd (Toninia) ii. 135 squamulosus Schrad. (Lichen) 482 squamulosus HK. Bot. t. 2011 (Lichen) 483 STAUROTHELE Norm. ii. 310 stellaris Mudd (Borrera) 314 stellaris Linn. (Lichen) 311 stellaris Huds. (Lichen) 313 stellaris Lightf. (Lichen) 314 stellaris Hook. (Parmelia) 311 stellaris Tayl. (Parmelia) 314 stellaris Cromb. (Physcia) 314 stellaris Nyl. (Physcia) 319 stellata Scheer. (Cladonia) 178 stellulata Mudd (Buellia) ii. 175 stellulata Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 175 stemoneum Nyl. (Calicium) 86 stenocarpa Ach, (Opegrapha) ii, 241 ii. 352 404 STENOCYBE Nyl. 97 STENOGRAPHA Mudd ii. 255 stenospora Hepp (Biatora) ii. 158 stenospora Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 158 stenotropa Nyl. (Lecanora) 440 STEPHANOPHORUS Flot. 74 STEREOCAULON Schreb. 116 stereocaulorum Th. Fr. (Biatorina) ii. 132 stereocaulorum Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 132 STICTA Schreb. 273 STICTINA Nyl. 265 stictoceros Sm. (Lichen) 230 STICTOGRAPHA Mudd ii. 226 STIGMATELLA Mudd _ ii. 260 stigmatella A. lL. Sm. (Arthopyrenia) il. 320 stigmatella S. ¥'. Gray (Lejoph ) ii. 320 stigmatellus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 820 STIGMATIDIUM Meyer ii. 258 stigonella Fr. (Trachylia) 102 stigonellum Gray (Acoliwm) 83 stigonellum Mudd (Acoliwm) 103 stigonellum Ach. (Caliciwm) 103 stillicidiorum Gray (Rinodina) 881 striatula S. F. Gray (Lithocia) ii. 278 striatula Wahlenb. (Verrucar.) ii. 278 strumaticus Nyl. (Pilophorus) 115 stygia Ach. (Parmelia) 255 styguum Scheer. (Collema) 53 stygius Linn. (Lichen) 255 subalbicans Leight. (Verrucay.) ii. 293 subareolata Nyl. (Pyrenopsis) 24 subaurifera Nyl. (Parmelia) 252 subcana Nyl. (Alectoria) 213 subcarnea Ach. (Lecanora) 422 subcarnea Sm. (Lecidea) 423 subcarneus Sw. (Lichen) 423 subcinerea Nyl. (Lecanora) 469 subconfusa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 61 subdepressa Nyl. (Lecanora) 472 subdetersa Nyl. (Physcia) 309 subdiluta Leight. (Lecidea) 393, ii. 114 subdisciformis Jatta (Buellia) ii. 176 subdisciformis Leight. (Lecidea) ii.176 subdiscordans Nyl. (Chiodect.) ii. 262 subduplex Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 116 subellipsoidea Acton (Coccomyxa) ii. 854 subexcedens Nyl. (Arthonia) ii, 215 subexigua Nyl. (Lecanora) 396 subfarinacea Nyl. (Ramalina) 197 INDEX subfurva Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 62 subfusca Hook. (Lecanora) 409, 410 subfusca Nyl. (Lecanora) 409 subfuscum, peltis ete. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 293 subfuscus Huds. (Lichen) 411 subglaucum cumatile, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 275 subgyratula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 82 subhirsutum etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 302 subimbricata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 135 subimbricaius Relh. (Lichen) 403-4 subincompta Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 160 subintegra Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 335 subintricata Nyl. (Lecanora) 440 subinumbrata A. L. Sm. (Polyblastia} ii. 303 subinumbrata Nyl. (Verrucar.) ii. 303 subkochiana Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 78 sublactea Leight. (Pertusaria) 494 sublatypea Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 54 sublitoralis Leight. (Verrucar.) ii, 325 sublurida Mudd (Thalloidima) 392 subluta Nyl. (Lecanora) 407 submersa Borr. (Verrucaria) ii. 281 submersa Scheer. (Verrucaria) ii. 282 submicans A. L. Sm. (Arthopyr.) ii. 328 submicans Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 328 submiserrima Nyl. (Verrucar.) ii. 318 submeestula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 42 subnigrata Ny}. (Lecidea) ii. 122 subochracea Nyl. (Lecidea) ii, 41 subplicatile Cromb. (Collema) 53 subpyrenophora Leight. (Verrucaria} ii. 304 subradiosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 422 subretusa Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 142 subspheroides A. L. Sm. (Biatcrina) ii. 116 subspheroides Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 117 subsquamosa Nyl. (Cladonia) 158 subtartarea Nyl. (Lecanora) 460 subtile Mudd (Calicowm) 95 subtele Sm. (Collema) 65 subtile Nyl. (Leptogium) 65 subtile Gray (Polychidiwm) 65 subtile Tuck. (Thelotrema) 515: subtilis Schrad. (Lichen) 65 subtomentellum Nyl. (Nephrom.) 285. subturgidula A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia), ii. 148 INDEX subturgidula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 148 subtus crocewm, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 280 subulata Gray (Cladonia) 149 subulatus Linn. (Lichen) 149 subumbonata Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 64 subumbonella Lamy (Lecidea) ii. 64 subumbrina Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 305 subvarians Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 219 subvernalis Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 33 subyviridescens A. L. Sm. (Bilimbia) ii. 144 subviridescens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 144 subviridicans A. L. Sm. (Polyblastia) ii. 302 subviridicans Nyl. (Verrucar.) ii. 802 subviridis A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 131 subviridis Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 131 succedens A. L. Sm. (Buellia) ii. 172 succedens Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 172 « succina A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 334 succina Leight. (Verrwcaria) ii. 3384 sulcata Moug. & Nestl. (Opegr.) ii. 247 sulcata Tayl. (Parmelia) 242 sulphurea Nyl. (Coniocybe) 100 sulphurea Ach. (Lecanora) 428 sulphurea Sm. (Lecidea) 428 sulphurea Leight. (Pyrenothea) ii. 296 sulphureus Retz. (Lichen) 100 sulphureus Hofim. (Lichen) 428 superellum Nyl. (Thelocarpon) ii. 346 superiuscula Nyl. (Lecanora) 464 supernula A. L. Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 131 supernula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 181 superposita Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 300 superpositum A.il. Sm. (Thelidium) ii. 300 Swartziana Ach. (Arthonia) Swartzit Ach. (Lichen) 422 sylvatica Nvl. (Cladina) 175, ii. 352 sylvatica Leight. (Cladina) 175 sylvatica Hofim. (Cladonia) 175 sylvatica Gray (Sticta) 269 sylvatica Nyl. (Stictina) 268 sylvaticus Huds. (Lichen) 269 sylvicola Flot. (Lecidea) ii. 98 symmicta Ach. (Lecanora) 433 symmicta Leight. (Lecanora) 433 symmicte.la Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 36 _ symmictera Nyl. (Lecanora) 434 sympagea Nyl. (Lecanora) 362 sympageus Ach. (Lichen) 3862 li, 215 405 sympathetica Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 71 symphorea Nyl. (Synalissa) 37 symphorella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 102 symphorewm DC. (Collema) 37 SYNALISSA Fr. 36 synalissa Ach. (Collema) 37 SYNCESIA Tayl. ii. 261 syncomista Cromb. (Lecidea) ii. 186 SYNECHOBLASTUS (Trevis.) 54 synothea Koerb. (Biatorina) ii. 121 synothea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 122 syringea Ach. (Lecanora) 448 tabescens Koerb. (Biatora) ii. 52 tabidula Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 63 tantilla Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 108 tartarea Ach. (Lecanora) 458 tartarea Gray (Rinodina) 458 tartarewm etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 460, 456, ii. 106 tartareus Linn. (Lichen) 458 tauricus Wulf. (Lichen) 185 taxicola Leight. (Opegrapha) Taylori Mudd (Arthopy renia) Taylort Salw. (Biatora) ii. 21 Taylorti Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 21 Taylort Carroll (Verrucaria) ii. 822 tegularis Nyl. (Lecanora) 360 tegularis EXhrh. (Lichen) 3860 teicholyta Ach. (Lecanora) 365 ii. 246 ii, 322 teichophila Nyl. (Lecanora) 399 Templeton Mudd (Bilimbia) ii. 38. Templetoni Tayl. (Lecidea) ii. 88 tenax Ach. (Collema) 46 tenax Gray (Enchylium) 46 tenax Sw. (Lichen) 46 tenebrans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 69 tenebrica Nyl. (Leciuea) ii. 90 tenebricosa Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 34 tenebrosa Flot. (Lecidea) ii, 91 tenella Gray (Borrera) 312 tenella Tayl. (Parmelia) 312 tenella Nyl. (Physcia) 312 tenellus Scop. (Lichen) 312 tenera Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 46 tenera Cromb. (Lecanora) ii. 46 tenue etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 346,332 tenuifera Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 3386 tenuifera A. L. Sm. (Porina) ii. 386 tenuissimum Sm. (Collema) 64 tenuissimum Koerb. (Leptogium) 64 tenuissumum Dicks. (Lichen) 64 406 tenwissumum Gray (Polychidiwm) 64 tenwissimum, etc. Dill. (Coralloides) 257, 358 tephrizans Leight. (Lecidea) tephroides Ach. (Hndocarpon) ii. 271 tephroides Ach. (Lichen) ii. 271 tephroides Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 271 terebrata Mudd (Parmelia) 262 terebrata Mudd (Spheromphale) ii.312 terebrata Leight. (Verrucaria) 11. 312 ternaria Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 144 terrestris Sm. (Lichen) ii. 307 terrulentum Nyl. (Collema) 41 tesseliata Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 74 tessellata S. F. Gray (Pyren.) ii, 284 tessellata Ach. (Urceolaria) 474 tessellatus E. Bot. t. 553 (Lichen) 474 tessellatus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 284 tesserata Nyl. (Lithographa) ii. 221 tesserata DC. (Opegrapha) ii. 221 testacea Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 13 iestacea Hofim. (Psora) ii. 13_ testaceum S. F. Gray (Lepidom.) ii. 13 tetrasticha Nyl. (Lecanora) 389 ii. 78 THALLOIDIMA Massal. ii. 110 THAMNOLIA Ach. 184 THELENELLA Nyl. ii. 308 theleodes Th. Fr. (Polyblastia) ii. 304 theleodes Sommerf. (Verrecar.) ii. 804 THELIDIUM Massal. ii. 297 THELOCARPON Nyl. ii. 345 THELOPSIS Nyl. ii. 339 thelostoma Hook. (Lecanora) 308 thelostoma Leight. (Segestr.) ii. 308 thelostoma Fr. (Segestria) ii. 807 thelostoma A. L. Sm. (Thrombium) ii. 307 thelostoma Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 307 thelostomus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 307 THELOTREMA Ach. 513 thiopsora Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 150 thrausta Nyl. (Ramalina) 187 thrombioides Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 285 thrombioides Bagl. (Lithoicea) ii. 285 THROMBIUM Wallr. ii. 306 Thouarsti Del. (Sticta) 266 Thouarsit Cromb. (Stictina) 266 tigillare Gray (Acohwm) 101 tigillare Turn. & Borr. (Caliciwm) 101 tigillaris Ach. (Lichen) 101 tigillaris Fr. (Trachylia) 101 INDEX tigrina Scheer. (Opegrapha) ii. 239 tiliacea Ach. (Parmelia) 239 tiliacea Cromb. (Parmelia) 239 tiliaceus BK. Bot. t. 700 (Lichen) 2389 tiliaceus Hoffm. (Lichen) 239 tinctoria Sm. (Roccella) 182 tinctoriwm, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 223, 227 tomentosa Hofim. (Peltigera) 283 tomentosum Nyl. (Nephromium) 283 tomentosum Fr. (Stereocaulon) 119 TONINIA Massal. ii. 133 tornata Ach. (Gyrophora) 329 torquata Nyl. (Lecanora) 454 torquata Fr. (Parmelia) 454 torrefacta Cromb (Gyrophora) 329 torrefactus Lightf. (Lichen) 330 tortuosa Del. (Cenomyce) 139 trabalis Nyl. (Lecanora) 435 trabinellum Gray (Phacotiwm) 88 trabinellus EK. Bot. t. 1540 (Lichen) 88 trachelinum Ach. (Calicium) 94 trachona Arnold (Bilimbia) ii. 148 trachona Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 148 i trachona Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 148, 335 TRACHYLIA Fr. 101 irachylioides Nyl. (Arthonia) trachyna Nyl. (Cladonia) 147 trachynus Ach. (Beomyces) 147 trajecta Nyl. (Stenocybe) 97 trajectum Nyl. (Calictum) 97 trapeziforms ZLoega (Lichen) 274 tremella With. (Lichen) 70 tremelloides Hook. (Collema) 74 tremelloides Gray (Leptogium) 73 iremelloides Lightf. (Lichen) 70 tremelloides Linn. (Lichen) 74 tribacia Ach. (Lecanora) 315 tribacia Nyl. (Physcia) 315 irubacia Sm. (Squamaria) 315, 316 tribactum Gray (Psoroma) 315 tribacoides Nyl. (Physcia) 315 trichiale Ach. (Calicium) 85 tricolor Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 118 tricolor With. (Lichen) ii. 8 tridens Scher. (Opegrapha) ii. 239 triphractoides Nyl. (Endococ.) ii. 344 triphractoides A. L. Sm. (Pharcidia ?) ii, 344 triphractoides Leight. (Verruc.) ii. 844 ii, 213 ii. 270, INDEX triphragmia Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 178 triplicans Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 148 triptophylla Leight. (Pannaria) 341 triptophylla Nyl. (Pannularia) 341 triptophyllum Gray (Lepidoma) 341 trisepta Neg. (Biatora) ii. 144 triseptata Nyl. (Pannularia) 345 triste Cromb. (Calicitwm) 96 triste Cromb. (Platysma) 257 tristicula Th. Fr. (Polyblastia) ii. 304 tristicula Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 304 tristis Gray (Cornicularia) 257 tristis Web. (Lichen) 257 tristis Nyl. (Parmelia) 257 trochodes Cromb. (Lecidea) truncigena Hepp (Gyalecta) ii. 7 truncigena Mudd (Gyalecta) ii. 8 truncigena Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 7 tubiformis Lightf. (Lichen) 167 tubulosum etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 129, 135, 143 tubulosum cauliculis, etc. Dill. (L7- chenoides) 178, 179 tubulosum cinereum, etc. Dill. (L1- chenoides) 150, 152 tubulosum magis, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 154 tubulosum pyxidatum, etc. Dill. (Li- chenoides) 161 tubulosum ramosissimum, etc. Dill. (Lichenoides) 153, 174 tubulosum virescens, etc. Dill. (Lichen- oides) 152 tumidula A.L.Sm. (Biatorina) ii. 112 tumidula Ach. (Spiloma?) ii. 208 ii. 82 tumidulum Ach. (Spiloma) ii. 208 twmidulum Sm. (Spiloma) ii. 209 tumidulus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 112 tuneforme Sm. (Collema) 44 tuneformis Ach. (Lichen) 44 turbinata Fr. (Sphinctrina) 83 turbinatum Pers. (Caliciwm) 83 turgida Hoffm. (Cladonia) 149 turgidula Fr. (Lecidea) ii. 41 turgidum Ach. (Collema) 61 turgidum Nyl. (Collemodium) 61 turgidum Nyl. (Leptogiwm) 61 turgidwm Koerb. (Scoliciosporum) ii. 163 turgidus Ehrh. (Lichen) 149 Turnert Sm. (Lecanora) 462 407 Turnert Leight. (Lecidea) ii. 137 Turneri K. Bot. t. 857 (Lichen) 462 Turneri Leight. (Opegrapha) ii. 233 Turnert Gray (Rinodina) 462 Turneriana Nyl. (Lecanora) 379 Turnervana Ach, (Lecidea) 379 tympanella Fr. (Trachylia) 102 tympanellum Gray (Acoliwm) 102 tympanellum Ach, (Caliciuwm) 102 uliginascens Stirton (Lecidea) ii. 92 uliginosa Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 30 uliginosus Schrad. (Lichen) ii, 30 Ulmi Sm. (Lichen) 458 ulmicola Sm. (Lecidea) 385 ulophyllum Nyl. (Platysma) 221 ulothria Ach. (Lichen) 319 ulothrix Tayl. (Parmelia) 319 ulothrix Nyl. (Physcia) 319 UMBILICARIA Hoffm. 322 umbonata Ach. (Pyrenula) ii. 307 umbonella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 80 umbraticula Nyl. (Lecanora) 446 umbrina Branth & Rostr. (Bacidia ii. 162 umbrina Nyl. (Lecanora) 423 umbrina Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 162 umbrina Mudd (Spherom.) ii. 311 umbrina Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 286 umbrina Leight. (Verrucaria) ii. 287 umbrina Fr. (Verrucaria) ii. 311 umbrinella Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 126 umbrinofusca Nyl. (Lecanora) 401 umbrinum A. L. Sm. (Staurothele) ii. 311 umbrinus Ach. (Lichen) ii. 286 umbrinus Ehrh. (Lichen) 424 wmbrosa Tayl. (Verrucaria) ii. 235 uncialis Hook. (Cenomyce) 178 uncialis Leight. (Cladina) 178 uncialis Nyl. (Cladina) 178 uncialis Gray (Cladonia) 178 uncialis Linn. (Lichen) 178 upsaliensis Nyl. (Lecanora) 463 upsaliensis K. Bot. t. 1634 (Lichen) 459 upsaiiensis Linn, (Lichen) 463 urbana Nyl. (Lecanora) 406 URCEOLARIA Ach. 515 urceolaria Nyl. (Pertusaria) 505 urceolata Tuck. (Conotrema) ii. 1 urceolata Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 1 408 ii. 38 430 valentior Nyl. (Lecidea) varia Ach. (Lecanora) varia Pers. (Opegrapha) ii, 239 varia Gray (Rinodina) 430 variabile Leight. (Placodiwmy) variabilis Ach. (Lecanora) 391 variabilis Pers. (Lichen) 391 varians Nyl. (Arthonia) ii. 218 varians Davies (Lichen) ii. 219 VARICELLARIA Nyl. 511 varius Khrh. (Lichen) 430 velata Turn. (Parmelia) 497 velata Nyl. (Pertusaria) 497 velata Gray (Variolaria) 497 velatus K. Bot. t. 2062 (Lichen) vellews Huds. (Lichen) 3834 velutinum Nyl. (Gonionema) 18 velutinum Gray (Polychidiwmn) 19 velutimus Ach. (Lichen) 19 venosa Massal. (Enterographa) ii. 260 venosa Sm. (Opegrapha) ii. 260 venosa Ach. (Peltidea) 279 venosa Mudd (Peltigera) 279 venosum Nyl. (Stigmatidiwm) venosus Linn. (Lichen) 279 ventosa Ach. (Lecanora) 456 ventosa Gray (Rinodina) 456 ventosaria Lindsay (Spheria) ii. 343 ventosicola Mudd (Aicrothelia) ii. 343 ventosicola Leight. (Verrucaria) ii.343 ventosum Mudd (H@matomma) 456 ventosus Nyl. (Hndococcus) ii. 843 ventosus Linn. (Lichen) 456 - ventricosus Huds. (Lichen) 157, 170 venusta Ach. (Parmelia) 308 venusta Nyl. (Physcia) 308 venustum Koerb. (Diplotomma) 11,189 vermicularis Hook. (? Cenomyce) 185 vermicularis Gray (Cerania) 185 vermicularis Sm. (Cladonia) 185 vermicularis Sw. (Lichen) 185 vermicularis Scher. (Thamnolia) 15 vermifera Leight. (Melaspilea) ii. 229 vermiferum Mudd (Scoliciosp.) ii. 162 vernalis Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 33 vernalis Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 151 vernalis Lightf. (Lichen) 376 vernalis Linn. (Lichen) ii. 33 vernalis With. (Lichen) ii. 151 VERRUCARIA Pers. ii. 276 verrucosa Mudd (Aspicilia) 475 verrucosa Nyl. (Lecanora) 475 591 497 ii. 260 INDEX verrucosa Ach. (Urceolaria) 475 verrucoso-areolata Mudd (Spherom- phale) ii. 804 verrucoso-areolata Nyl. (Verrucaria) ii. 504 verrucosum et rugosum, ete. Dill. (Lichenoides) 499, 505 verrucosus Huds. (Lichen) 270 verruculosa Mudd (Buellia) ii, 172 verruculosa Borr, (Lecidea) ii. 172 verruculosus Borr. (Lichen) ii. 172 versicolor Pers. (Lichen) 854 verticillata Floerke (Cladonia) 143 verticillata Gray (Scyphophora) 143 vesiculare S. F. Gray (Lepidoma) ine vesiculare Massal. (Thalioid.) ii. 111 vesicularis Hook. (Lecidea) ii, 111 vesicularis Hoffm. (Patellaria) ii.111 vespertilio Lightf. (Lichen) 45 vinosa Leight. (Arthonia) ii. 207 violacea Th. Fr. (Bilimbia) ii. 147 violacea Crouan (Lecidea) ii. 147 virella Sm. (Parmelia) 320 virellus EK, Bot. t. 1696 (Lichen) 319 virellus Ach, (Lichen) 320 viridans Koerb. (Lecidea) viride Pers. (Calicium) 91 viride A. Zahlbr. (Coriscium) ii. 264 viride Ach. (Hndocarpon) ii. 264 viride, segmentis etc. Dill. (Lichen- ii. 55 oides) 319, 320 viridescens Ach. (Lecidea) ii. 28 viridescens Hook. (Lecidea) ii. 142 viridescens Schrad. (Lichen) ii. 28 viridescens Sm. (Lichen) ii. 142 viridiatra Stenh. (Biatora) ii. 57 viridiatra Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 193 viridiatra Scher. (Lecidea) ii. 57 viridiatrum Koerb. (Rhizocarpon) ii. 192 viridis A. L. Sm. (Gongylia) ii. 308 viridis Nyl. (Normandina) ii. 265 viridis Pers. (Opegrapha) ii. 245 viridis Deakin (Verrucaria) ii. 298 viridula A. L. Sm. (Arthopyr.) viridula Fr. (Sagedia) ii. 284 viridula Ach. (Verrucaria) ii. 283 viridulum Schrad. (Hndocarp.) ii. 284 viridulus Sm. (Lichen) ii. 327 vitellina Ach. (Lecanora) 368 vitellinaria Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 60 11. 327 INDEX vitellinula Ny]. (Lecanora) 385 vitellinum Mudd (Callopisma) 368 vitellimus Ehrh. (Lichen) 368 vittata Nyl. (Parmelia) 261 vix ramosum, etc. Dill, (Coralloides) 138, 164, 167, 168 vulgare sinuosum, etc, Dill. (Lichen- oides) 297 vulgaris Breb. (Botrydina) vulgaris Thwaites (Synalissa) vulgaris, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 205 vulgata Gray (Hysterina) ii. 241 vulgata Ach. (Opegrapha) ii. 241 vulgatissima, etc. Dill. (Usnea) 202, 203 vulgatissumum cinereo-glaucum, etc. Dill. (Lichemoides) 241, 242 vulgatus Ach, (Lichen) ii. 241 vulpinus Huds. (Lichen) 295 ii, 354 37 Wahlenbergiana Ach. (Gyalecta) ii. 7 Wallrothii Floerke (Lecidea) ii. 29 Wallrothi Nyl. (Lecidea) ii. 132 Wallrothy Tul. (Scutula) ii, 132 Webert Ach. (Hndocarpon) ii. 269 Weberi Ach. (Lichen) ii. 269 li. 409 Westringit Turn. & Borr. (Isidiam) 503 Westringii Ach. (Lichen) 503 Westringit Leight. (Pertusaria) 503 Whichcolii Larb. (Verrucaria) ii. 278 Wulfenii Mudd (Lecidea) ii. 61 Wulfenii DC. (Pertusaria) 505 xanthococca Sommerf. (Lecidea) ii. 101 xanthodes Nyl. (Opegrapha) ii. 238 xantholyta Nyl. (Lecanora) 366 xanthomyela Nyl. (Parmelia) 236 xanthostigma Cromb. (Lecanora) 369 xanthostigma Nyl. (Lecanora) 369 xanthostoma Fr. (Pertusaria) 510 xanthostoma Somm. (Porina) 510 XYLOGRAPHA Fr. ii. 223 xylographoides Nyl. (Ptychographa) ii. 225 xylonellum Ach. (Calicitum) 95 zonata Koerb. (Opegrapha) ii. 242 zonata Ach. (Sagedia) 471 Zosteree Nyl. (Lecanora) 425 Zwackhii Cromb, (Lecidea) ii, 185 LONDON : PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, DUKE STRERT, STAMFORD STREET, S.E., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET, W. PLATE 1 — nase: Ee Sot el a x 1200 { ke quns CONOTREMA URCEOLATUM Tuckerm. a, Plant on bark. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of apothecium. d. Ascus and paraphysis. e. Single spore. - § - : r * 7 r | . ; { a + | moat a } A | aa . » ; ; : | | i te i E F * wi a ma : = 3 7 . : : , he > ae 2 Z : ; | } . — — . r be 7 i ’ = 4 : 3 ; = ’ = A j - o . o 7 i. ; : : | Se” oe es e 7 ¥ a es i | 3 a , ' -~ a to a PLATE 2 Sm. EBENEUM A. L. b. Portion of thallus. CA&NOGONIUM c. Filaments of thallus. a, Plant on stone. Piate 8 RACODIUM RUPESTRE Pers. a. Plant on rock, b, Portion of thallus. c. Filaments of thallus. PLATE 4 — ~ SS ae Baek tts £5 iaeneguee oy. 3 HN, eet, conten see ts MAS ey digs NK hy t % sh y) WW AN, ay ht ay } / Le | x 500 GYALECTA CUPULARIS Scher. a. Plant on rock. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses, f. Spores. PLATE 5 CL hed by NS We ey x 1200 LECIDEA (PSORA) LURIDA Ach. a. Plant. 0b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. ec. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. ai aft . > 1 ae e te yey aa) se “a mie { adi Bae Na JN) PLATE 6 * 1000 x 500 LECIDEA (BIATORA), VERNALIS Ach. a. Plant on moss. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. c. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. PLATE 7 EMA Ach. A) PARAS LECIDEA (KULECIDE a. Plant on bark. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. ~~ re) 5 = 8 oA mM as 3 2 & Pia > 3 3S & ww s 3) nm < oS d. Vertical section of apothecia. thallus. f. Spores. ey, ‘ a Mind ae } Daf v o a o. i ’ |, = es . . . ! ' ' i ’ : ie - 1 . _ : — J 6 . * ‘eh , ‘as 4 ! - ' \ * ; 2 & ' —, r * ' a : es Ls Dest ; ‘ P * "3 - ~< ‘ , . a ‘i « ; \ é ' 7 " . : : = > ~ 3 ‘ ‘ ' A ‘ _ ° * 4 r ‘ i H : \ - P. ‘ I vr "i sil deck ee PLaTe 8 , Xx 600 LECIDEA (MYCOBLASTUS) SANGUINARIA Ach. a, Plant. 6, Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus with spore and paraphyses. PLaTe 9 TTL TT A : \ AV { ffs Ie] VW Pe SALT ere as : Zo _ > sy 4 SON SS . had: WPA Res tS A 7 77, Ss LS Wray =We hii fed x 400 x 500 BIATORELLA MORIFORMIS Th. Fries a, Plant on wood. 0b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia, e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. PLATE 10 X 1000 x 600 BIATORINA PULVEREA Mudd a. Plant on bark. 5. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. J. Spores. PLATE 11 BILIMBIA VIRIDESCENS A. L. Sm. a. Plant on moss. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apotheciuin. c. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. PLATE 12 BACIDIA RUBELLA Massal. a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. ce. Ascus and paraphyses. jf. Spore. Plate 13 BUELLIA MYRIOCARPA Mudd a. Planton wood. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. ce. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. on PLATE 14 x 1000 x 1500 LECIOGRAPHA PARASITICA Massal. a. Plant on lichen. 6b. Portion of host and apothecia. c. Vertical section of apothecium. d. Ascus and paraphysis. e. Spores. PLATE 15 etna: \)) WD N : ARPON OBSCURATUM Massal. ZOC b, Portion of thallus and apothecia. of apothecium. d. Ascus and paraphyses. RHI c. Vertical section e. Spores. a. Plant on rock. » ¥ i - iT ’ oe” ; 7 , * a ea r" ae] S Ply .” : [ a , e*% 7 * ; ‘ Ve" = ‘ i , “i ‘ ¢ > ue : : 5 } ae Gear a iA . PLate 16 BOMBYLIOSPORA PACHYCARPA Massal. a. Plant on moss. 0. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus with spore and paraphyses. PLATE 17 Oe CEY, se WO PSCO =) oy ed 2 SS x 500 x 600 '% . LOPADIUM PEZIZOIDEUM Koerb. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section Ascus with spore and a. Plant on moss. of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. @. paraphysis. ' ‘an ett A, a ~ . ai e ae aa 7 = “a « i*. ' ‘ x rf ' he | “ ; ‘ ’ . i? ‘ L ' ’ BAe . a a < ea, _ ‘ a - Ys v aq - n t+ . ‘ = « PLate 18 LECANACTIS PREMNEA Wedd. a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. PLaTte 19 PLATYGRAPHA PERICLEA Nyl. othecia. ¢. Vertical section a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and ap e. Ascus and paraphysis. of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. f. Spore. Plate 20 i | | X 1000 \e y ARTHONIA ASTROIDEA Ach. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. f. Spores. a. Plant on bark. c. Vertical section e. Ascus and paraphyses. ~ PLATE ARTHOTHELIUM SPECTABILE Massal. a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus. ff. Spore. 21 fel AEs 7 hoe "7 a i 7 ~~ gL aw tis chads iar , ¥ 4 ¢ ; rey) 2 _ i ‘ J € ‘ ' ' _s aa "7 q X4 7 . a) & hw 47 » i+ ’ 1 ue, , ' > - 4 J ’ | io 4 v : ; - ; F i. i] 7 1 j ; J ‘ ‘ah 4 ‘ - 2 : 7 { ‘ x) « 1 ‘ = i ~— Ge a uy ; * : “ ‘ an ie r d 4: 7 >.) : i ha 7 ee | a « at = — ee a = y wr] = oe ’ ais * ‘ 1 * > ——_ —— . ~— , a = we ae : ; a rf ~ ~ - ¥ : * 4 =! t - x AY . , E ¢ =A . . | . F “ i { F =% bos : ™~ \ 7 ‘ PL... ‘ ¥. ’ ir ih PLATE 22 X 1000 xX 500 LITHOGRAPHA TESSERATA Ny]. a. Plant on rock. 0. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. ™ PLATE 23 xX 1000 x 500 XYLOGRAPHA PARALLELA Nyl. c. Vertical section of thallus physis. b. Protruding apothecia. a. Plant on wood. e. Spore. and apothecium. d. Ascus and para PLATE 24 F Cc PTYCHOGRAPHA XYLOGRAPHOIDES Nyl. a. Plant on wood. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. j wer: - PLATE f. 1000 3 nn 4 } () 7 ~~} ‘ OAL) igo j } , i J Ny, wv ex) HAAN AC £Y ; LG >’ 9 of ‘ 4 ; \ S vy ; iP 6 ( U} ~ p ad \ \ 1 t ri ¥ w / a sf ‘ q Ni H ak ; , ny | visa. a t } é ? ft, a ~/ ad ’ X 600 FR eee C ENCEPHALOGRAPHA CEREBRINA Koerb. a. Plant on rock. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. PLATE A — X 1000 MELASPILEA PROXIMELLA Nyl. a. Plant on bark b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Agcus and paraphyses. f. Spores. 26 PLATE 27 OPEGRAPHA ATRA Pers. a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spore. PLATE 28 x 500 GRAPHIS ELEGANS Ach. a. Plant on bark. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. | f. Spore. PLATE 29 X 1000 X 500 PHMOGRAPHIS LYELLII A. Zahlbr. ad. Plant on bark. 0b, Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spore. PLate 30 OO x5 GRAPHINA SOPHISTICA Muell. Arg. c. Vertical section e. Ascus and paraphysis. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. d. Vertical section of apothecium. a. Plant on bark. of thallus. f. Spore. ‘ e 6 > 1 es \ | ¥ 2 PLATE 31 ENTEROGRAPHA CRASSA Fée c. Vertical section 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. d. Vertical section of apothecia and spermogone. a. Plant on bark. of thallus. e. Ascus and g. Sterigma and spermatia. jf. Spore. paraphysis. Plate 32 i ~ “i \— = | y, I 1 \ hay. ff 5800 OBR NSS )P ee | / if we? (No *s Va : / 7 1000 AT a \\_ a, <7 x 800 S c Ni" |. Agee J CHIODECTON ALBIDUM Leight. a. Plant on rock. 6. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. * D00 oe PONG LED Sing x 1500 X 600 , GLYPHIS LABYRINTHICA Ach. a. Plant on bark. 06. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus with paraphysis. f. Spores. Plate 34 xX 20 Zahlbr. c. Vertical section of SCLEROPHYTON CIRCUMSCRIPTUM A. a. Whole plant. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. d. Vertical section of apothecia. f. Spores. e. Ascus. thallus. Plate 35 PRS 4 Waal CORISCIUM VIRIDE Wainio. c. Vertical section of thallus. b. Portion of thallus. a. Whole plant. d. Vertical section of thallus. _.. = ro ‘ - 7 - - 7 Yr e =. . ae | vs . i) te bg ‘ b . P : 4 > , x. * 4 oa oe es A ~~ . a “4 te 7 a , * oy yay? "rr. 6 : - - - 5 “ — P . ar - errr a a <> . e- ws La r — 7 / j - - ~ > 4 ¢ ¢ = > = »v - ‘ — _-_ i A eee a “Srp abs P * a ) oa : pees hope - : in s . be * a Ld a 8 = Ja 1 9-0 ™ 2) . ao * = é aa a pe -— = . ’ — aed “ - = i = - a = = a «© a -_ _ _ ) =~», , rs -_ one Sey Plate 36 2 oy \ Sooa 1% 9 Woage°%,\ ° i; RY TL | PA's OBRYZUM DOLICHOTERON Nyl. a. Host plant (Collema) with parasite. b. Lobe of Collema with perithecia c. Vertical section of perithecium and of host thallus. of parasite. é. Spores. d. Ascus. PLATE 37 Cuteldila! Wath F\ WIR, WY YOM PUVA ad DERMATOCARPON LACHNEUM A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. Pirate 38 hs AN \ au y* \\® 20 ° Q NORMANDINA PULCHELLA Cromb. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. PLATE 39 DACAMPIA HOOKERI Massal. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. d. Vertical section of perithecia. c. Vertical section of e. Ascus and paraphysis. a. Whole plant. thallus. f. Spores. PLATE 40 Q w Q ak) \ & = @ o | < if ‘ UY & y 0 6. UL oS 4) 0? o £~.) a V4 Oe oe & 0 Pos, { gv H xe Sy a oe Oey A ; Rape ( Ci 6) Bs! os of t me | Re YQ a f Uae ENDOCARPON PUSILLUM Hedw. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertica! section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium and spermogonium. ¢ ep. Ascus and hymenial gonidia. f. Spore. 4g. Sterigmata and spermatia. a. Whole plant. aioe Plate 41 ag ‘ xX 600 VERRUCARIA PAPILLOSA Ach. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses, f. Spores. Plate 42 y A) A ( o & SS : by fp x 600 1200 THELIDIUM PYRENOPHORUM Koerb. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Thalline hyphe and gonidia. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus. ff. Spore. Plate 43 x G00 POLYBLASTIA THELEODES Th. Fr. a. Whole plant. 06. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spore. hee ~S > ren : : ta sever marc ee 4 > . { i ’ > * ' { at L y A _ - “uy ee ' J = i + | ‘| { af > . * - | aa | - os i‘ , } \\ a lv F 7 f % : mt y *¢ . ; a ws 4 * a. zz” ce ‘ ‘7? ° ~ i hee 2 A / | = a | c - = af P 7 a. ‘ Sy ¢ 4 ‘ 7 ¥ nd he “1 ‘ ‘ : J t ° ; \ : + J + » 7 . " \ ‘ 4 , : 7 ‘ ? , . of , PLate 44 x 1200 THROMBIUM EPIGAUM Wallr. a. Whole plant. &. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. Prate 45 GONGYLIA VIRIDIS A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Thalline gonidia. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses. /. Spore. Plate 46 ee \ x 1200-4 — \ J y / Wf 3 Xx 6 \ \ x 600 1h @ MICROGLAENA MODESTA A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spore. PLATE 47 (| ten ao .2.%.* 0 ~~ oe oo ee e° ene Oe, | “> @ GA - ; 4 SG é x 600 ; STAUROTHELE UMBRINUM 4A. L. Sm. b. Portion of thallus and perithecia. d, Vertical section of perithecium. a. Whole plant. thallus. c. Vertical section of e. Ascus and hymenial gonidia. f. Spore. “A i\ie iD Pee ees Plate 48 xX 1200 ACROCORDIA GEMMATA Koerb. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. ce. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spore. =a e ¥ — 7 Was ak} jl 4 » iP , ’ = Th 8 ae ‘ Pes ~y y : ~ - ri. is * ¢: “ay a A . pm ‘ * ‘ bl ‘ re - Ac, 4 > t . VY . . »¥ , ety ; inl 4 ’ r = i 2 * Af va) ‘ t / - eA IMAG the = 7 Sj Sec lee = ~ at we 3 4 ee 3 _ oe Ps , Ye —-. : ; F 4 ® tt, oe - oa - — a DL = 6 : i ie % a ie <2 on by ice. ~~ ‘ le os ‘ \ ue i 5 . r * y~* # , ~d P ] 4 - , * a = - he qo ‘2 : . j y ¥i i j ’ 2 dy ' ' = = ie a2 ie“ « “ . J X ee —_ - a = ee i . = > is => evr ft Se may) SP y ¥ Ay \ : ; ” A * . < b = Bai » ‘ —-% > 1, J 4 . — A ’ 1 i? ~ a = = b 3 = i - - aa? i. ae 7 $ oe zs - 5 Sieg see hos a + $ ‘ ed -= z i; z i i ft ¥ j - uy . e sa _ : os e ah ae i 3 ‘ Ae 2 - ' i t s . ' ” F er ‘ é - a) \ , -_— ‘ % ‘ PA rt & id — a - > ¢. -% J a ie * c ba, = = ee “ _ ut o Plate 49 ‘i y Put ‘d \ ig \ ij) lj \ i oN F f ; oie tea WS AY oe Ai | i Ke Jehvatadarr hn SUG EM Fa S) ~ feat { Huan cs ‘ se. 2 ge - ry ead meony st EN oA Skee Sa Noe oe ae appoide a Hy) 5 O X 1200 Wor ARTHOPYRENIA FALLAX Arn. a. Whole plant. 0. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. PLate 50 - aot, High ey Hx 1200 Poy a er —_ ) xX 600 LEPTORHAPHIS EPIDERMIDIS Th. Fr. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. . Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e, Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. Plate 51 — Fs xX 130 d x 600. Y X 1200 va MICROTHELIA MICULA Flot. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. d. Vertical section of perithecia. a i=) io | & a oo meg 3 Ss ~ 2 Sans) = o wm La} oO DMD < ) a. Whole plant. thallus. jf. Spores. lew + Pi a y ° * z . . | 7 P shit 4 bar i b Pt i’ wr = ‘ ‘ es, uu f * ry i 4. v - ard o 7 4 a 4 - 2 i % ' as : 4 “2 a a ' ‘ . =~ 4 “ Biv " © . : ni one . ‘ d ~ “ ‘ | ‘ ‘ , 7 ’ . a Ul x » ’ ‘ ‘ 5 4 , . “4 . la ‘ = rf 8 , » ie Z _ “ F r 2 7 = ‘ s o / : . +, pt =i : , a . , id ‘ 4 1 ‘i . J bd * . ik 4 . L “ + é . 3 7 : ke : . fe ; “F , - 4 y - if - “ _ ‘ H . - : . = _ ~ - ‘ > ap -i- ‘ , “1 = - ~ Nw ~ é me < ' i < % ‘ < ; , ‘ 7 y os ‘ ce i / _ . ail ag Plate 52 X 600 atl PORINA OLIVACEA A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. Pirate 53 THELOPSIS RUBELLA Nyl. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d, Vertical section of perithecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. Plate 54 So x 1200 PYRENULA NITIDA Ach. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. d. Vertical section of perithecium. J. Spore. a. Whole plant, ¢c. Vertical section of thallus. e. Ascus and paraphyses, Plate 55 ANTHRACOTHECIUM HIBERNICUM A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. “\ PLaTe 56 SI OTE TOE phases : SITES poy e = a here THELOCARPON LAURERI Nyl. a. Whole plant. b. Perithecia. c. Vertical section of perithecium. d. Section of perithecial wall. e. Ascus and paraphysis. f. Spores. PLATE 57 - a 4 ¥ La xX 1200 MELANOTHECA GELATINOSA Nyl. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Thallus in surtace view. e. Vertical section of perithecia. f. Ascus and paraphysis. g. Spores. 7 , 7 Ar c . > ' + ‘ j 7 ' ’ s , =F e ; ’ ‘ . . J . ‘i ‘ a ’ .-— ‘ “i ° i 7 ~ . 7 “ - . ' ‘ \ > ‘ >. : > . ” Try : 7 , os 4 > ; = = “e. =a i i “¥ ‘ J y va. ? ‘ " ' P: s ~ ‘ z . : a = = es ‘ — = Noe es » "a. Plate 58 d LSS ia) aot oP , 4 x — N =e ay : S ri ; Y) = 1) 7. i ce is, a gh x Noy xX 600 I \ “a Oy > » FO eee } I “ ne — i ; <7 \* WS ¢ ASO SSI Cy \ ‘ S yt 1 EN \ \ ~ —~< AT] ewer i Ne «x 600 MYCOPORUM MISERRIMUM Ny. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus. f. Spores. ww J ; . F ‘ } 7 ‘ . / - .) . “ 4 ] 1 ¢ +, ‘ Wek, pre . a SS = a7 aoe w a = re ‘ ; « : / ¢ > @ . * ds ‘ ‘ ‘ . ' “ a i ~ ‘i 4 1 ‘ i —~ . *~ Plate 59 a ee e, ry , or a! = C\ \\ iW yy? t \) \ W j (A Ny WZ > a a a ce — a . —_ - ee “ 4 eee ee d x 100 A aeen 58 a <) ' (Ao Poe S9 / if | \ J | ao “ ‘ DY a Cod Ua | POSE HD \JF J : =< Bari Sn Ape eeew YT gk | A!) / 54. ee ‘ | \W/N al 7 \ YH F A MYCOPORELLUM OBSCURUM 4. L. Sm. a. Whole plant. 6. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallus, d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphyses. f. Spores. Ny \ AS, os eg ¥ + + y «4 Ea By wet we eS | University of Toronto | Library DO NOT REMOVE THE | CARD FROM THIS POCKET Acme Library Card Pocket | Under Pat. “Ref, Index F ile” : Made by LIBRARY BUREAU € 10 LL 80 10° «UOk6E . WALI SOd 4THS AVE JONVH A MAIASNMOC LV LA