ww Reed AVA: ews PU See 00 CR 8 eT ae ia Ne nsase secneraaatines, antage cavaseenbeete aerate arian oath ate aana sapuense sabes tan aaa cance AS ace ecw ecnsh on bn sas AeA strana ale nek eae NNN TREN AD, s pyres Pee rey epee eros eererresas omeseac sigepncstisnci ssa nite rtmeteacran ee ciate peace =< nsiattseatransnngs aiansadincasna osazansn cea snontnasarneh cht tg atkggaaraeeewey aca eather prema t he nro? scscOa Seok seeaceeres seen se Sg cere mastsnavbeeert— me? Dats ruensaananet eeamraanpeasaserseanachem cafatonsecasteaes on ; repute encgeecesoaa ar cs Sanaa Ts ra segenre cman at aanaag eetieatsaetea seenatgtes eebe teks tee a tesantenabeeeerar a gn pn Ng oR NOT aa meen seman seen ¥ is ; ; i ”! U Se a es aw fae ie a ob ~ 4 @. a ° LP! & 6 d 7 i ‘7 f | a : } | ae } . | he a : ! ae va; » , ih ‘ i 4 a | +S Sas a” " nes 7 -" Series title, Author title. Title for subject entry, LIBRARY CATALOGUE SLIPS. United States. Department of the interior. (U.S. geological survey.) Department of the interior | — | Monographs | of the | United States geological survey | Volume XXI| [Seal of the depart- ment] | Washington | government printing office | 1893 Second title: United States geological survey | J. W. Powell director | — | Tertiary rhynchophorous coleoptera | of the | United States | by | Samuel Hubbard Sendder | [Vignette] | Washington | government printing office | 1893 4°. x1, 206 pp. 12 pl. Scudder (Samuel Hubbard). United States geological survey | J. W. Powell director | — | Tertiary rhynchophorous coleoptera | of the | United States | by | Samuel Hubbard Scudder | [Vignette] | Washington | government printing office | 1893 4°, XI, 206 pp. 12 pl. [Unirep STATES. Department of the interior. (U. S. geological survey). Monograph XXI.J United States geological survey | J. W. Powell director | — | Tertiary rhynchophorous coleoptera | of the | United States | by | Samuel Hubbard Scudder | [Vignette] | Washington | government printing. office | 1893 4°. XI, 206 pp. 12 pl. [Unirep SravrEs. Department of the interior. (U. 8S. geological survey. Monograph XXI.} ADVERTISEMENT. [Monograph XXI.] The publications of the United States Geological Survey are issued in accordance with the statute approved March 8, 1879, which declares that— “The publications of the Geological Survey shall consist of the annual report of operations, &eo- logical and economic maps illustrating the resources and classification of the lands, and reports upon general and economic geology and paleontology. The annual report of operations of the Geological Survey shall accompany the annual report of the Secretary of the Interior. All special memoirs and reports of said Survey shall be issued in uniform quarto series if deemed necessary by the Director, but otherwise in ordinary octavos. Three thousand copies of each shall be published for scientific exchanges and for sale at the price of publication; and all literary and cartographic materials received in exchange shall be the property of the United States and form a part of the library of the organization: And the money resulting from the sale of such publications shall be covered into the Treasury of the United States.” The following joint resolution, referring to all government publications, was passed by Congress July 7, 1882: “Phat whenever any document or report shall be ordered printed by Congress. there shall be printed, in addition to the number in each case stated, the ‘usual number’ (1,900) of copies for binding and distribution among those entitled to receive them.” Except in those cases in which an extra number of any publication has been supplied to the Sur- vey by special resolution of Congress or has been ordered by the Secretary of the Interior, this office has no copies for gratuitous distribution. ANNUAL REPORTS. ¢ I. First Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, by Clarence’ King. 1880. 8°. 79 pp. 1map.—A preliminary report describing plan of organization and publications. II. Second Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1880-81, by J. W. Powell, 1882. 8°. 1v,588 pp. 62pl. 1 map. Ill. Third Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1881~82, by J. W. Powell. 1883. 8°. xviii, 564 pp. 67 pl. and maps. IV. Fourth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1882~’83, by J. W. Powell. 1884. 8°. xxxii,473 pp. 85 pl. and maps. V. Fifth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 188384, by J. W. Powell. 1885. 8°. xxxvi,469 pp. 58 pl. and maps. VI. Sixth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1884~85, by J. W. Powell. 1885. 8°. xxix, 570 pp. 65 pl. and maps. VII. Seventh Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1885~86, by J. W. Powell. 1888, 8°. xx,656 pp. 71 pl. and maps. VIII. Eighth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1886-87, by J. W. Powell. 1889. 8°. 2y. xix,474,xii pp. 53 pl.and maps; 1p.J. 475-1063 pp. 54-76 pl. and maps. TX. Ninth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1887—’88, by J. W. Powell. 1889. 8°. xili,717 pp. 88 pl. and maps. X. Tenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1888-89, by J. W. Powell. 1890. 8°. 2v. xv,774 pp. 98 pl. and maps; viii, 123 pp. XI. Eleyenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1889-90, by J. W. Powell. 1891. 8°. 2y. xv,757 pp. 66 pl. and maps; ix, 351 pp. 30 pl. and maps. XII. Twelfth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1890~91, by J. W. Powell. 1891. 8°. 2y. xiii,675 pp. 53 pl.and maps; xviii,576 pp. 146 pl. and maps. XIII. Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891~92, by J. W. Powell, 1893. 8°. 3v. z i ADVERTISEMENT. MONOGRAPHS. I. Lake Bonneville, by Grove Karl Gilbert. 1890. 4°. xx,488 pp. 51pl. 1Imap. Price $1.50. Ll. ‘Tertiary History of the Grand Canon District, with atlas, by Clarence E. Dutton, Capt., U.S. A. 1882. 4°. xiv,264 pp. 42 pl. and atlas of 24 sheets folio. Price $10.00. III. Geology of the Comstock Lode and the Washoe District, with atlas, by George F. Becker. 4°, xv, 422 pp. 7 pl. and atlas of 21 sheets folio. Price $11.00. 1V. Comstock Mining and Miners, by Eliot Lord. 1883. 4°. xiv, 451 pp. 3 pl. Price $1.50. V. The Copper-Bearing Rocks of Lake Superior, by Roland Duer Irving. 1883. 4°. xvi, 464 pp. 141. 29 pl. and maps. Price $1.85. VI. Contributions to the Knowledge of the Older Mesozoic Flora of Virginia, by William Morris Fontaine. 1883. 4°. xi, 144 pp. 541. 54 pl. Price $1.05. , VII. Silver-Lead Deposits of Eureka, Nevada, by Joseph Story Curtis. 1884. 4°. xiii, 200 pp. 16 pl. Price $1.20. . : VIL. Paleontology of the Eureka District, by Charles Doolittle Walcott. 1884. 4°. xiii, 298 pp. 241. 24 pl. Price $1.10. IX. 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The Potomac or Younger Mesozoic Flora, by William Morris Fontaine. 1889, 4°, xiv, 377 pp. 180 pl. Text and plates bound separately. Price $2.50. XVI. The Paleozoic Fishes of North America, by John Strong Newberry. 1889. 4°. 340 pp. 53 pl. Price $1.00. . XVII. The Flora of the Dakota Group, a posthumous work, by Leo Lesquereux. Edited by F. H. Knowlton, 1891. 4°. 400 pp. 66 pl. Price $1.10. XVIII. Gasteropoda and Cephalopoda of the Raritan Clays and Greensand Marls of New Jersey, by Robert P. Whitfield. 1891. 4°. 402 pp.. 50 pl. Price $1.00. XIX. The Penokee Iron-Bearing Series of Northern Wisconsin and Michigan, by Roland D. Irving and C. R. Van Hise. 1892. 4°. xix, 534 pp. Price $1.70. XX. Geology of the Eureka District, Nevada, with an atlas, by Arnold Hague. 1892. 4°. xvii, 419 pp. Spl. Price $5.25 1882. 20. XXI. The Tertiary Rhynchophorous Coleoptera of the United States, by S. H. Seudder. 1893. 4°. xi, 206 pp. 12 pl. Price 90 cents. In press: XXII. 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Day. 1893, 8°. vii, 630 pp. Price 50 cents. ; The money received from the sale of these publications is deposited in the Treasury, and the Secretary of that Department declines to receive bank checks, drafts, or postage-stamps ; all remit- tances, therefore, must be by POSTAL NOTE or MONEY ORDER, made payable to the Chief Clerk of the U.S. Geological Survey, or in CURRENCY for the exact amount. Correspondence relating to the pub- lications of the Survey should be addressed To THE DIRECTOR OF THE ‘ UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. C, WASHINGTON, D. C., September, 1893. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MONOGRAPHS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY VE OU Min ex x. T WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1893 “ UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY J. W. POWELL, DIRECTOR TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA UNITED STATES BY SAMUEL HUBBARD SCUDDER WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1893 COMEEN TS: TENGE - rere SeSh os Coe Sano Roa O So Se= Hae sa SE DEAS ORE RE An Rees Bere NCC ici aes ata ae Introduction Rhynchitidx TAP ACNE oe Sock ccae Bs cacesm asses see ars seb ee SSe0 Oa Be Esa SUR CS ecg Soe S SSE a ae TR@ JATIN cesGocacasos senate coeaeeeao nee Soc Hee ear eee SentRor oon Bose SOOT teppei E COLES TUG Soe; Sock so Soca ee eoe ce ae sons Soc octia see c eh da ecep cot Ss Eee C HONE Ca cre rare Mo onbuyrt Gin stele esa ae oe a all aloe inant win lio eon Otiorhynchid Fie Sos Son eas ceisses one soe meecc co0IGNd S560 So OOOO r IO IETS OO I leila ia Brachyderini tees seo eee ela a cima eel mimninliaio one oma asa = os QphnyAstinlese eee eee ee ee era ciel oie one pienso ceo QuiGniymn@ inl - jebeee 32 s6qccsSeq cones tosSocp Gand aoarO soos D nS aole SSSI o Sree CGO a Ti ypI GON code cces eee 556 secede spae =o Sear Sade COCOGC ES SEO EE DOCCC esac SSO Soe Cyph Sab aw. oe ae sencousabe cooneRosbenebone neH bo RCUnGe] qmaneeriec ce SOE SSeS oe Sorin os DOW O{nbiN ynosose Ae See Sede Sone Sen ee CO OSCE OS Seo ORO ESCO ISOS mn oaao. BoccteE canbe ousseacese Phyllobiini- --- - g.coetceeseaqe saan So Ba=S sas Jap cope HESRse ese 56He She Se SUC CR ESSE SSE oe Prom Curculionide GEGEN! < 265 sage ssn acco aesaonte pos aS Sem GC ODDS SEE OPeSD= SS O0S0 EERE OSS SOG gas FERRO TON ~ onerodac aioeotyecopcenas she se neon ed gop ocd eee e eg aa GOSS aia TSh ANNI cooces saasae cceeeo owe naodouianeS Bees Sado sb oeaq HEHE =n - Se SDUG CCE plese (Gian soos caacce asee does cosene sesh ene poneee ond seo cee agae BEB COR COREE Gr SRO =p oRrte TOA nH noe ono cece cosiacs HSce sedele sed CAD ERS ee EIU O Depp UAtE a ane Oe OGn Se eGr ooo Magdalini....-..-.----------- Bane coocae negouaen He ade Sade danse eae Gara al ee Leritananititissss oc cicant osbene nose cope eene RESO DOES 6 Se n00 SS Fee eRe Senor On Rabe petr och enfarromna bic. Segele so ccae Rooeas Saco coc De EE ASHP SSD Ses Ce Sree na ae ea boo apc no ane TRIG ccoccoeseceeeenas = Soncssb Qos ese AAD He oe tae ORae aoe s Sto SBCO nO a tania Cioni WG a wendbn sone Seb edogs saotep SOUS BES REESE Ane nemeas OOS Dees 06n aes pu cSEen Aaa rare (Gisryi toss dityamn GE ee laa = emi eee Cinfingningn@ till 3so55550 ese onmoeasees SBE SeS 79002 GISe Se Se SE Raa SSO tac iar ISTRI Sas) Steen a eecsso se cate ne 3Ose SEA DAR SBS O bo oM CRORE esha saa 45 CUS gaan Esso EG Ere MNES) she ead nok cae5e-nee ee eodeogeeLubebe Ob BOGd COU EEOUN OSB Eco OEM aE COC CeO renter tas z VI CONTENTS. Page Calandridm@ ...- ---. . 22 -o. nce eee cece es Seen eee enn aaa eee ees san ees @s=> ce emeeine== ecm) Sn 145 @alandmuiee-- = .<.< teal at eS SE ee eee 145 Sphenophorini ...... .----------- +++ --- +--+ +--+ 22 eee cee tee ee cee cee cree eee 146 Galandrini -.... 2... -f.2<.---2 ese eos eine oe oen eens ane omer mimniaia meee = leer e oli 150 Qossonin® =~ 2-222. 2-0 5 concede sien ce wis Sects Rice on ia ee mei te te hace eee 151 Dryophthorini ...... ---.-.------------ -----2 222-22 eee eee sree cr ee ere eee 152 (COSSODUNI -- n= eno me a Be ee Con nee ana Say osead Aascte: A ee 154 Scolytidse: - 202 2222s 22 esse e < ea nies ome wena ae =e ee ars 156 Scolytin® ---- .------- +... + 2-20 sone wo 2s orn mens weenie eens nea oe Fetic asenes sos se2sass fe 156 TOTO LN = setters a ela oe Sar eS a a PS twp 157 130d kibd 9) ee a Reem pase errr ce aera St aecieerinie cme ci 00so Sano anig si OS oO SG 158 Anthribidises.. 2-22 sac oe esse lejos eee oes em ay steam ee sa m8 en a ne le eee 160 Mropid erin sone se cee === ee ee eee meet eee tale ee ace ie acai ele 160 Basitropini .2.- 2. 2-2. --- 2 2200 220 3 ones nee Son a en in ae ene wen een sree en 164 SATS OCORLNT te a aae ae se eee eine el ee Riniwis ates ieie telat e e ie isa eee 167 Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance. -..--....----.--+----.-------- 168 Plates cbs ose coc ee ma ok Se ea wae oat Se ame mete ae STs ETS ata late ohn as pc am ieee 177 PATH lk PE Eo i KAM FO) Nes. Tertiary Curculioninw (Barini), Balanine, Calandridie, Scolytida, and Anthbribidie. - vit PET ReORS TeANS MITT AL. UnitEp SraTes GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, Drivisron oF Fosstu Insects, Cambridge, Mass., December 31, 1891. Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of and drawings for a report upon the Tertiary Rhynchophorous Coleoptera of the United States, the first of a series upon the fossil insects of this country, in continuation of my report upon the Tertiary insects of North America, which forms Volume xm of the Reports of the U. 8. Geological Survey of the Territories, under Dr. F. V. Hayden. Very respectfully, yours, SamuEL H. Scupper, Paleontologist in charge. Hon. J. W. PowE.., Director U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. 1x PREFACE. When, in January, 1886, the Division of Fossil Insects of the U. 8. Geological Survey was established, and I entered upon my duties therein, I had still on hand in an incomplete condition a report upon our Tertiary insects for the U. S. Geological Survey of the Territories, under Dr. F. V. Hayden, the plates for which were already finished. This work, which was completed early in 1890, contained a full account of all the Tertiary insects of our country known up to within a few years, as far as regarded the lower orders; but the higher orders, and especially the Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera, which comprised those richest in material, were left nearly untouched, only the earlier found specimens in the Green river beds, and which had already been engraved on the plates, being included, leaving the far richer fauna of Florissant, Colorado, entirely untouched. The elaboration of this immense amount of material, enlarged by additions from other localities, including some new and rich, was begun immediately upon the completion of the Hayden report, and the present work is a first instalment toward a history of our fossil Coleoptera. In the division treated are included 193 species, all but one of which come from the older Tertiaries, while there have been described (or merely indicated) from the European Tertiary rocks only 150 species, of which 9 come from the Pleistocene. Our older Tertiary rocks, therefore, are found to have already yielded nearly 28 per cent more forms than the corresponding European beds. It is altogether probable, such is the extent and richness of the fresh-water Tertiary deposits of the West, that this proportion will be largely increased in the future, particularly as the exploitation of our Tertiary insect deposits has been merely begun; the number of persons who have been engaged in any field-work upon them, may be counted upon one’s fingers, and no natu ralist besides myself has yet undertaken their study. * ‘vl. 7 , i” rv é a . : bd “i ad i - ys _ 7 5 z eo A ae — Paty Se eae aay Pays - ae a a i oe ei a TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA OF THE UNITED STATES. By Samus, H. Scupper. INTRODUCTION. Although it is evident to any student of fossil insects that even in Tertiary deposits we possess but a mere fragment of the vast host which must have been entombed in the rocks, it is nevertheless true that we have already discovered such a variety and abundance of forms‘as to make it clear that there has been but little important change in the insect fauna of the world since the beginning of the Tertiary epoch. In the earlier Tertiaries we not only possess in profusion representatives of every one of the orders of insects, but every dominating family type which exists to-day has been recognized in the rocks; even many of the families which have now but a meager representation have also been discovered, and though many extinct genera have been recognized, no higher groups, with a single exception or two, have been founded upon extinct forms. This is one of the most striking and prominent facts which confront the student of fossil insects. It is the more striking from the delicacy, the tenuity, and the minuteness of many of the forms which have been entombed; and the state- ment may be enforced by the further fact that the parasitic groups—those which are entomophagous—are represented, as well as many of those which in the present time show peculiar modes of life. Thus we have representa- tives of such microscopic parasitic insects as Myrmar, strepsipterous insects have been discovered, the viviparity of the ancient Aphidee has been shown probable, the special sextial forms of ants and white ants were as clearly 1 MON XXI 2 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. marked as to-day, and the triungulin larva of Meloe has been found in- closed in amber, showing that the phenomenon of hypermetamorphism had already been developed. The insects of the Tertiary period, therefore, afford no such interesting series as may be found in the study of Tertiary mammalia, nor as can be found in the study of the insects themselves in Paleozoic rocks. Never- theless, a few interesting features have been pointed out which seem to stand, in some measure, as exceptions to what has been stated. Thus, in my recent work on our Tertiary insects,’ I called attention to some remarka- ble features in the fossil plant-lice of our Tertiaries, especially the great a feature which affects the length and slenderness of the stigmatic cell whole topography of the wing, and is found also in the only Mesozoic plant-. louse known, but which, nevertheless, can not be regarded as of significant taxonomic importance, since it occurs equally in both the Aphidinz and Schizoneurinze, the two principal subfamilies of that group, both to-day and formerly. So, too, in treating in the same place of the Pentatomide, I pointed out that the scutellum was universally shorter in all our Tertiary forms, whether belonging to the subfamily of Cydninz or Pentatominz. I may further add the unpublished fact that it is a peculiarity of the Tertiary Staphylinidee of this country that the antennz and legs are measurably shorter than in modern types; this is most marked in cases where the living and extinct species of the same genera are compared. But in neither of these cases, any more than in the Aphidee, can we regard these peculiari- ties as any ground for separating the fossil from the recent forms as distinct groups. No doubt we shall some day be able to correlate these differences and point out their precise significance, which at present is not clear, but it is certain that they do not afford ground for maintaining that we are here dealing with extinct groups any higher than genera, or, at most, than tribes. Yet in one or two instances extinct groups of a higher grade may be found. Thus, in the work already alluded to, and previously, I have drawn attention to a strange type of fossil Thysanura—Planocephalus— for which it seemed necessary to frame a new suborder, and, though its 1 Tertiary Insects of North America, Reports U. S. Geological Survey of the Territories, Vol. x11. 4°, 1890. # INTRODUCTION. 3 possible reference elsewhere has been suggested, this suggestion will hardly stand the test of investigation, and the matter remains where I left it; and in the present work attention is directed to another group—the Coleopterous family Rhynchitidee—in which it has been found necessary to establish a new subfamily group for an abundant and varied series of insects from our Tertiaries. In studying the Rhynchophorous Coleoptera, I have, for the first time, made use of all the material which has been collected in the most recent as well as in former years; and have been able, therefore, to do justice to the other localities of fossil insects, as well as the now famous locality of Florissant, Colorado, and I find that there is no family of American Rhyn- chophora paleontologically more interesting than the Rhynchitide. In point of numbers alone the species of this group form more than 10 per cent of ‘the fossil Rhynchophora of North America, while in the existing fauna the Rhynchitidze comprise less than 24 per cent of all the Rhynchophora. Our recent Rhynchitide are separated by Le Conte and Horninto two subfamilies, ~one of which comprises the bulk of the family, while a single species is sepa- rated to form the other, the Pterocolinze. This differs from the Rhynchitine, among other things, by the antennz being inserted much nearer the eyes, by the wide separation of the fore and middle cox, and by the broad side pieces of the metasternum. The Pterocolinz are not represented among the fossils, but all the genera of Rhynchitinze now existing in our fauna are recognized, as well as a new generic type. These, however, are but a mere fraction of the fossil Rhynchitide, the bulk of them being separated as a new subfamily—the Isotheinz, a subfamily characterized by the mod- erate separation of the fore and middle coxe, and by the insertion of the antenne, which is before the middle of the basal half of the straight and porrect beak. These characters show an approach to the Pterocolinze rather than to the Rhynchitinee, but they have narrow metasternal side pieces. This subfamily, thus clearly distinguished, is, for Rhynchitidee, exceptionally rich in forms, since it contains no less than seven genera and thirteen species, about equally divided between two distinct tribes, all extinct. This brings the total number of fossil American Rhynchitidee up to four-fifths that of 4 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. the existing forms, a proportion which altogether surpasses that yet found in any other family of insects. The abundance and variety of the Rhynchi- tide may, therefore, be looked upon as the most striking feature in the Ter- tiary Rhynchophorous fauna of North America. The relative representation of the different families of Rhynchophora in the American and European Tertiaries, as well as their representation in America to-day (according to Henshaw’s catalogue of 1885), is set forth succinctly in the following table: Comparative view of recent and fossil Rhynchophora. In Numbers. In Percentages. Families. cent Tertiary ; ecent Tertiar popes North | North | ytertiany | Noni | North | ,tevtiory | American. | American. American. | American. g Rhinomaceridw -...-..---- | 3) leoacsasosscd||chssceonscns | ODS eee sneer sivanis Rhynchitid@ ...-.-...-.-- 25 20 5 i 2:3 10°3 3°3 Atttelabide 22: 2---cros >= = Dal ae aeenclee oe 1 || Orbu So Seceteeeses 0-7 Byrsopldwe asses ease iN Le ed a u OM aes sae 4-7 Otiorhynchide --...-.---- 115 47 17 10°7 24-3 11°38 Cureulionid@ .........--. | 610 | 100 100 59-4 51:8 66-7 Brenthid@ .-...-......--- B: |Mei tas. . Sets Eee | W539 |eooscshe22-- or ce Bocvsce Calandridw ...........--. 82 10 7| 76 5.2 4-7 Scolytidw)-:--.-5-...-.. 2. | 163 5 ii 15:1 2°6 47 Anthribide,----cscs-s-e - oT | 11 | 6 34 5-7 4-0 Motal)--s222e- 9 ee 1,078 193 150 || 100°1 99-9 1001 This table shows better than any words some striking features in the American Tertiary fauna, when compared with that now existing in North America, and, indeed, to a certain extent and in much the same direction when compared with the European Tertiary fauna. These peculiarities consist in the extraordinary development of the Rhynchitide, already alluded to; the great preponderance of the Otiorhynchide, due to its remarkable development in localities other than: Florissant, and the meager showing of the Scolytide:, this last also seen in the European Ter- tiaries, and undoubtedly resulting from the habits of life of these insects as subcortical feeders on trees, which would prevent their deposition in places where their fossil remains could be preserved. The reduction in this direction is, indeed, so great as to effect a very slight lessening of the INTRODUCTION. 5 relative numbers of the Curculionids, which here, as in the living fauna, easily hold the first place. The other relative differences between the Ter- tiary and existing faunas in America are but slight, the Calandridze of the Tertiaries losing about as much as the Anthribidee gain in relative numbers when compared with the existing fauna. As compared with the European Tertiary fauna the American shows the same excess in the relative num- bers of Rhynchitidze and Otiorhynchidee as it does when compared with the recent American fauna; but both the Curculionidze and the Scolytide gain in relative importance in the European Tertiaries, whose chief peculiarity, however, consists in the considerable development of the small family Byrsopidz. ‘The Rhinomaceridz and Brenthidz alone, small groups, do not occur in either Tertiary fauna, and the Attelabidze and Byrsopidz are also absent from the American. To bring the differences to view in another way and consider only the families represented in the American Tertiary fauna, we may mark their relative position in the scale of numbers as in the following table: Relative importance of the families of Rhynchophora. Place as to numbers. Families. a == — Receut Fossil | Fossil American. | American. | European. bymchitid se Seceniieeo-s ale ses sea cee a see oe rin swciscasemcees 6 3 Omorhwehid sey 2 =e tiatteem = ose seeps se Ss ssioe Sees s52 sass scc 3 2 2 Cuncaltonidiepe sae seca n sen nose ce eclosion s= sere eae Seas 1 1 il Calamadnidweieet = cess ae select arse cece t ce ace ces hctedos sees ones 4 5 /}2 3-4 MOGI PFI eadscdicccatdsca cess ondase Gata edeenase Asse Csanee ane 2 6|5 JAIN OED igeecisotece Gs. coda EPS a aa D OBC REISE ASS HARARE Area te Baae 5 4 5 This shows by a different method the same fact: That the recent American Rhynchophorous fauna agrees better in its broad features with the Tertiary fauna of Europe than with the Tertiary fauna of America. Of the 66 old genera to which the fossil species of Rhynchophora are here referred, including 136 of the 193 species, 6 may be regarded as cos- mopolitan or nearly so; 15 as gerontogeic and especially European, though often having a few American species among them; 16 as characteristic of the northern hemisphere in general, while the remainder are about equally 6 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. divided between those which are predominantly North American and those which are tropical American, but often extend to our southern borders. Of the 31 new genera (with 57 species) little can be said in this particular, but nearly half of them may be regarded as most closely allied to American and especially tropical American types; so that on the whole the American, and especially the tropical American, type predominates. It should be remarked, however, that the resemblance of the fauna to that of temperate North America is undoubtedly greater in appearance than in reality and will very probably be changed to some extent when the various species here recorded are better known; for, in default of characters which if preserved might materially change the alleged affinities of the various forms, it has seemed advisable to refer most of them to existing genera, and my opportunities for examining tropical and subtropical types have been very limited. Where characters of real importance exist, the insects generally show the preva- lenee of structural differences, often considerable, from modern forms. The number of new genera here proposed is certainly greater than has been usual in the study of Tertiary insects, but this I believe to be a neces- sity if we are to apply the same methods to their study that we do to the study of modern insects; nor is the number surprising, since not a single species is found in our Tertiary deposits which can possibly be referred to an existing form or even to any of those which have been described from the European Tertiary rocks; and I am convinced that the actual difference between the older Tertiary ‘and existing types is far better expressed by the separation of the former from the latter in generic nomenclature whenever, the characteristics being sufticiently preserved, they show any such differ- ences as among modern types are regarded as warranting generic separation. It must be confessed, however, that among the fossils the Coleoptera are far less apt to have those characteristics of their structure which are seized upon for generic disassociation sufficiently preserved to warrant great cer- tainty or insure exactitude and that those orders which display wing neu- ration afford far better means of judgment, on account of the commonly better preserved remains of just those parts which are largely relied upon for generic discrimination. The localities at which the species described below have been ob- < INTRODUCTION. (6 tained are but four, if we except a couple of beetles, Otiorhynchites fossilis, found at Fossil, Wyoming, and Hylastes squalidens, from the Pleistocene beds of Searboro, Ontario. ‘These four localities are Florissant in central Colorado, the crest of the Roan mountains near the head of East Salt creek in western Colorado, the buttes bordering the White river near the Colorado- Utah boundary, and Green river city, Wyoming. All of these localities, except the Roan mountains, were described in more or less detail in my Tertiary Insects of North America. The Roan mountain beds are appar- ently merely an extension of those found on the White river, 50 miles dis_ tant, but here confined to the very crest of the range. Fossil insects are found at several points, but only in one spot have they been obtained in any remarkable number; here, however, in extreme abundance. As this spot was 5 miles distant from our camp and our time and supplies were lim- ited, no great number of specimens were brought away, but enough was seen to warrant the belief that a prodigious number of specimens might be obtained there. The detailed study of the fossil Rhynchophora has made very clear and specific one point which impressed me in general while working in the field, and that is the wide difference between the character of the fossils obtained at Florissant and those obtained at any of the other localities (perhaps excepting Elko, Nevada, of which little is known) in the Rocky mountain region. The Hymenoptera which abound at Florissant almost disappear in the other localities, while the Coleoptera, which hold a third place at Florissant, form the larger proportion of the mass in the other deposits. To test the opinion formed by the cursory examination of speci- mens in the field, I have counted the specimens obtained in each of the different localities visited during a single summer, and find the opinion amply confirmed. The first set of columns in the accompanying table shows the total number of specimens (regardless of species) obtained during this season’s work, separated by orders, (1) in all localities; (2) at Florissant alone; and (3) in the other localities, excluding Florissant; and the second set of columns the same figures reduced to percentages. Nothing could well be more striking than the contrasts in the Hymenoptera and Coleoptera. 8 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Relative abundance of the orders of insects in different western deposits. Number of specimens. {ee Percentages. Orders. ae = 3 Alllocal-| Floris- | Other lo-| Afllocgl-| Floris- | Other lo- = ities. sant. calities. | ities. sant. calities. Hymenoptera ..0.2.-.2-..-<:2------ 277 243 | 34| 15.2 34.5 3.0 Diptera mass... eee ne eee eee 432 184 248 | 23.7 26.1 22.2 @oldoptern sesso se eee eee eee 806 104 702 | 44.3 14.8 63.0 Hemiptera. 9. -es sao se ee ene 185 86 99 10.0 12.2 8.9 Orthopterasscc te ee 19 | g 1 | 1.0 0.3 1.5 Wentop LOlkee cesses are eee 90 | 75 15 | 5.0 10.6 1.3 Apnolinila, “Css 5-2 oes tee | 11 | Tift ee ree | 0.6 5 \ Pocalie ei ce see Fe ee eee oem 1, 820 | 705 1,115 | 99.8 100. 0 99.9 — a a = —— = all Now, When we come to examine the species of Rhynchophora, we shall find that while the three localities in western Colorado and Wyoming share a number of forms in common, not a single species found at Floris- sant occurs in either of the others. To give the precise figures: From Florissant 116 species have been obtained ; from the Roan mountains 40, of which it shares 6 with Green river and 7 with White river, besides 6 others common to all three localities, together nearly half its fauna (19 sp.); from the White river 23 species, of which it shares 2 with Green river and 7 with the Roan mountains, besides the 6 common to all, or nearly two- thirds its fauna (15 sp.); and from Green river 39 species, of which it shares 2 with White river and 6 with the Roan mountains, besides the 6 common to all, or more than one-third its fauna (14 sp.). These facts, with the field evidence, appear to show that the three principal localities in west- ern Colorado and Wyoming are deposits in a single body of water, the an- cient Gosiute lake, as it was called by King. The absolute separation, in specific forms, between the fauna of these deposits and that of Florissant must be indicative of a distinction greater than that of mere geographical position, for the Roan mountains are about equally distant from Green river and Florissant. It is clearly an indication of a difference in age, though they have usually been regarded as occupying similar horizons. In the following pages I have referred to the species regarded as belonging to the Gosiute lake as the Gosturr FAUNA whenever it has been desirable to speak of them in common; and in contrast I have ealled the fauna of Flo- INTRODUCTION. 9 rissant, the Florissant or LacusTrinE FAUNA. Which of them is the older can not be determined until their faunas have been more completely studied; and even then, for lack of sufficient comparisons elsewhere on the conti- nent, it may be impossible from the insect remains alone to reach any pos- itive conclusions. When the structure of the Green river beds has been more completely studied, their age can doubtless be determined with much accuracy; and a similar result may be reached when the age of the oro- graphic movement shall have been determined which brought about the emptying and desiccation of the ancient Florissant lake. With these time elements given, the extent of the insect remains in the Gosiute and Lacus- trine faunas is such that the relations of deposits hereafter discovered may quickly be made clear. The difference between the Gosiute and Lacustrine faunas is shown to be much more remarkable when we examine the larger groups. Thus, of the 66 genera found at Florissant, only 18 occur also in the Gosiute fauna, which contains, besides, 31 genera not found at Florissant, and there are even a number of tribes which, as far as we yet know, are entirely confined to one or the other fauna. Besides the beetles described or enumerated in this work, no fossil Rhynchophora have been described from any formation, Tertiary or pre- Tertiary, on the American Continent, with the single exception of a species of Curculionidz which I have called Hylobiites cretaceus' and which was dis- covered in the Pierre shales of the Assiniboine river, northwestern Manitoba, by Mr. J. B. Tyrrell, of the Canadian Geological Survey, in 1888. In conclusion, the following statements may be made regarding the Rhynchophorous fauna of the American Tertiaries in general : (1) The general facies of the fauna is American, and somewhat more southern than its geographical position would indicate. (2) All the species are extinct, and though the Gosiute lake and the ancient lacustrine basin of Florissant were but little removed from each other, and the deposits of both are presumably of Oligocene age, not a single instance is known of the occurrence of the same species in the two basins. (3) No species are identical with any Kuropean Tertiary forms. ‘Cont. Can. Paleont., u, 30-31, pl. 1, fig. 5. 10 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. (4) A very considerable number of genera are extinct, often including a number of species. (5) Existing genera which are represented in the American Tertiaries are mostly American, not infrequently subtropical or tropical American, and where found also in the Old World are mostly those which are common to the North Temperate zone. A warmer climate than at present is indicated. (6) There are no extinct families, but in one instance an extinct sub- family with numerous representatives. - (7) The Tertiary European fauna is nearer than our own Tertiary fauna to the existing American fauna in the relative preponderance of its families, subfamilies, and tribes. These conclusions are almost identical, word for word,' with those reached from a study of the Tertiary Hemiptera of the United States, although in that study a far more meager representation of the Gosiute fauna was at hand. Besides a number of specimens which could not be definitely placed, there have been examined in the preparation of this monograph 753 speci- mens of Rhynchophora; of which 431 come from Florissant and 320 from the Gosiute fauna. Three of the plates which accompany this monograph were put upon stone many years ago and before a careful study of the material. Conse- quently several species appear on them which are not Rhynchophora at all. These have all been described, and the descriptions will in due time and place be published, but in this volume only the names are given, in the Explanation of Plates 1 and m1. In the enumeration of the specimens at the end of the specific descrip- tions, the numbers of the obverse and reverse of the same specimen are always connected by ‘tand” without any intervening comma, and this typo- graphical method is employed only in expressing this relation. My warm thanks are due to Mr. Samuel Henshaw, of Cambridge, for liberal aid with his collection and by his personal knowledge of living forms, both of which have been of the greatest service to me. ' Proce. Bost. Soe, Nat. Hist. Vol. Xxrv, pp. 564-565. DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES. Family RH YNCHITID2. There is no family of American Rhynchophora paleontologically more interesting than the Rhynchitidze. In point of numbers the species of this group form 104 per cent of the fossil Rhynchophora of North America, while the recent species comprise less than 24 per cent of the existing fauna. They were also vastly more numerous, both absolutely and relatively, than in Europe, where they compose only about 3°3 per cent of the Tertiary Rhynchophora. In keeping with this fact of their numerical importance is that of their variety of type. Our existing native species have been grouped in two sub- families, one composed of three genera, the other of one. All these genera, excepting Pterocolus, the type of the Pterocolinz, are recognized among our fossils, but they include a mere fraction of the fossils, which embrace, besides a new generic form of Rhynchitinz, an entirely new subfamily of Rhynchitidze with two tribes, seven genera, and thirteen species, about equally divided between the two tribes. The total number of fossil species in America is therefore fully two-thirds that of the existing forms, a proportion which altogether surpasses that found in any other family of insects. Nor is there any other family of fossil insects where it has been found necessary to establish a distinct subfamily group for an entire series of mew forms. The abundance and variety of Rhynchitide may therefore be looked upon as the most striking feature in the Tertiary’ Rhynchophorous fauna of North America. Of the twenty species found in our Tertiaries, three quarters are found exclusively at Florissant. Subfamily RHYNCHITIN A. Each of the three genera of Rhynchitinze now found in North America appears to be represented in our Tertiaries, two of them by a single species each at Florissant, Eugnamptus by two species at Green river; and besides i 12 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. these, an extinct genus, Masteutes, has two representatives at Florissant. The actual number of species is therefore a little greater than in the European Tertiaries where four species have been referred to Rhynchites (some of which, as will be pointed out later, will probably be found to be- long rather to the Isotheing:) and one to an extinct type, Antliarhinites. MASTEUTES (yaorevurns), gen. nov. This genus is founded principally upon the first of the two species here described, the other being insufficiently preserved to be sure of its position. The head is here of small size, conical, with circular or transverse eyes, the antennz attached to the middle of the rostrum, about as long as the pro- thorax, and consisting of similar, equal, slender joints perhaps twice as long as broad, excepting the last three, which form an elongate oval club fully twice as broad as the preceding and itself more than twice as long as broad. The prothorax is large, tumid, well rounded, and scarcely narrower than the base of the elytra. These have longitudinal markings and apparently cover the pygidium. Two species occur, both at Florissant. Table of the species of Masteutes. Rostrum much shorter than the prothorax......-.-.----.-+----+--+---+-++++-- rupis. Rostrum as long asthe prothorax........---.--.--------.------------------ saxifer. MASTEUTES RUPIS. Pla, Pigs 29° The dorsal view is seen in the only specimen we have. The head and rostrum, the latter hardly longer than the head, are very delicately granu- late. The prothorax is coarsely and densely granulate, as are also the fore femora; the prothorax is tumid, largest in the middle and with convex sides, the base a little narrower than the elytra. The position of the fore coxz can be seen through the body, showing them to be separated by about one- third or one-fourth of the diameter of one of the coxal cavities. Elytra with nine visible series of sharp granulate carinze, the granulations indistinct, but of the same size as those on the prothorax, though elongate; there are also marks of the interspaces having been clothed sparsely with short hairs. RHYNCHITIDZ—RHYNCHITIN #. 13 Length of body, excluding rostrum, 4°75 ™"; of rostrum as seen from above, 0°75"™"; breadth of thorax, 1:9""; next base of elytra, 2°5™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 4433. MASTEUTES SAXIFER. n PL vin, Fig. 4: This species is placed here with hesitancy on account of the great length of the snout, but its general resemblance to the other species seems other- wise considerable. The head is very delicately and faintly granulate, as is also the rostrum, which is very gently arcuate, and slightly longer than the prothorax. The head, however, shows somewhat of a transverse arrange- ment of the granulations, giving a subcorrugate appearance. The protho- rax has a similarly delicate, circular, but more distinct and densely crowded granulation. The sculpture of the elytra is vaguely preserved, but appears to be much as in the preceding species. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 6"; height, 2""; length of ros- (nelouaa; yaya Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 13641. AULETES Schénherr. This genus, of which five species are recognized in the United States, is otherwise known principally from southern Europe and the Mediterra- nean district, but a couple are found in Tasmania. They are insects of small size, closely allied to Rhynchites. They have not before been recog- nized in a fossil state, and but a single specimen has been found at Floris- sant, Colorado. AULETES WYMANI. Bei. Bio? A: A species agreeing very nearly with our A. ater Le C., except in the apparently stouter thorax, striate elytra, and slenderer antennal joints. Head transversely striate and faintly punctured, with moderately small circular eyes; beak considerably shorter than the head and prothorax, 14 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. almost straight, stout, striate throughout; antennz inserted at the middle of the beak, which they nearly equal in length, the club composed of three joints, fusiform-ovate, three times as long as broad and more than twice as broad as the joints of the stalk, which are elongate and hardly enlarged apically. Prothorax a little longer than the height of the head, scarcely rounded above longitudinally, coarsely and sparsely punctured. Elytra evidently broader than the thorax, but not greatly, very convex, deeply and coarsely striate. Length, excluding beak, 3°35"; beak, 1:1™"; antenne, 0:9™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 12051. Named in memory of my former instructor and respected friend, the distinguished anatomist and paleontologist, Jeffries Wyman. EUGNAMPTUS Schonherr. Excepting a single Indian species of peculiar appearance, all the mem- bers of this slender type of Rhynchitidze come from North America, where we have 5 species, mostly occurring in the southern and western states. They have been found fossil only in this country, at Green River, Wyo- ming, where we have two species (neither of them referred here with any great confidence). Table of the species of Eugnamptus. Elytra without punctures in the strie -.......-......:-1-..---+--.2---- grandevus. Blytra with puncturesin the stris--222- 5-45-24. ee ee eee decemsatus. EUGNAMPTUS GRANDAVUS. PL. wv, Fig. 9. Sitones grandevus Seudd., Bull. U. 8S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr., 11, 83-84 (1876). Bugnamptus grandevus Seudd., Tert. Ins. N, A., 481-482, Pl. viii, Fig. 20 (1890). Although no additional specimens of this species have been found since those described in my Tertiary Insects, the original description and figure were of so inferior a specimen that I have here added a figure of one of the two additional specimens described subsequently. Green River, Wyoming, F. C. A. Richardson, L. A. Lee, A. 8S. Packard. RHYNCHITIDA—RHYNCHITIN #. 15 ‘ EUGNAMPTUS DECEMSATUS. Eugnamptus decemsatus Scudd., Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., tv, 764-765 1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 482, Pl. vii, Fig. 12 (1890). b] ’ > The single specimen from which the species was described is still the only one known. Green river, Wyoming. §S. H. Scudder. RHYNCHITES Herbst. A numerous group of nearly cosmopolitan distribution, though much richer in the northern than inthe southern hemisphere. We have more than a dozen species in the United States, occurring mostly in the West, but it is far more abundant in the Old World. Four fossil species have been described from the European Tertiaries, two each from Rott and Oeningen, and a single species is described below from Florissant. The last does not agree well with any of the European fossils, but is perhaps nearest to R. silenus Heer, from Oeningen, which is a much slenderer insect, and the only one which approaches ours in the length of the snout. As will be seen fur- ther on, it is quite probable that some of the European forms referred ‘o Rhynchites will have to be placed in the subfamily Isotheine. According to Lacordaire, the beetles of this genus frequent by preference flowers and the leaves of trees. RHYNCHITES SUBTERRANEUS. Rivne biol: The head is smooth, except for a slight transverse wrinkling, and, with the beak, which is very long, straight, and moderately stout, as long as the elytra. The eyes are rather small, circular, situated just next the base of the beak. The antenni are inserted just before the middle of the beak and are about three-fourths its length. Their structure is exceedingly similar to that of our living R. bicolor Fabr., the club appearing as if made up of four joints, of which the last three are two or three times broader than those of the stalk and perhaps half as broad again as long, with rounded sides, while the basal joint of the club is cuneiform, truncate at 16 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. each end, as broad as Jong, and preceded by long and slender joints, that just preceding the cuneiform joint a little enlarged at the apex. Thorax poorly preserved, but apparently a little granulated. Elytra too poorly preserved for definite description, not very strongly arched. Hind tibiz searcely stouter than the antennal club. Abdominal joints very sparsely granulate. Length, exclusive of rostrum, 52™"; of rostrum, 2°85™": of antennz, 2°1™™. Florissant, Colorado, one specimen, No. 13682. The species does not appear to agree well with any of the described fossil species of Rhynchites most of which, indeed, as already stated, must be removed from the genus; and from our modern species it appears to differ in its relatively much broader thorax. Subfamily ISOTHEIN 4&2. The genera belonging here, and especially those of the first tribe, have all the aspect of Calandridz, with their elongate form, porrect ros- trum, and subconical head; but the relatively great head, ungeniculated antennz, the loose club of the same, the four-jointed tarsi, and the subequal, completely delimited segments of the abdomen prevent the possibility of any such reference. They are peculiar among Rhynchitid for the moderate separation of the fore and middle coxze and the insertion of the antenne, which is before the middle of the basal half of the straight and porrect beak. These char- acters show an approach to the Pterocolinee rather than to the Rhynchitide, but they have narrow metasternal side pieces. It seems fitting, therefore, that they should be separated as a distinct subfamily. To judge only from the descriptions and figures of the species of fossil Rhynchitidee already described it is highly probable that several of them also may fall in this same subfamily, for the two species of Rhynchites described from Rott by Heyden, R. hageni and R. orcinus, have the anten- nie attached at the very base of the rostrum, showing, at least, that they can not properly be placed in Rhynchites, and the same is the case with the RHAYNCHITIDA—ISOTHEIN AA—ISOTHEINI. rie remarkable form found at Oeningen, for which Heer has proposed the name Antliarhinus, on account of the rostrum “of a hair-like fineness.” The occurrence of other Rhynchophora, which must plainly belong to the Rhynchitidee, but which share with Pterocolus some characteristics other- wise peculiar to it, is distinct evidence that Le Conte was correct in sepa- rating Pterocolus from the genera with which it had been formerly asso- ciated and placing it in the Rhynchitide. There appear to be two groups of genera belonging to this subfamily, which provisionally may be regarded as tribes. They may be separated as follows : Table of the tribes of Isotheine. Large species normally of an elongated form with straight dorsum, the head generally of considerable length and the rostrum always rigidly straight ......... Isotheini. Small species normally of a plump and compact form, with well-rounded dorsum, the head shorter.the rostrum either straight or gently curved ....... Toxorhynchini. iribemi > Om EmN The members of this tribe are peculiar for their considerable size, the elongate, more or less parallel-sided form, there being scarcely any if any diminution in breadth forward before the middle of the prothorax; some- times, however, they are stout, but then do not have so arched a body as in the suczeeding tribe; the head is usually of exceptional length, and the rostrum always rigidly straight and porrect, and usually long and slender. Table of the genera of Isotheini. Body elongate, fully two and a half times longer than broad or high; rostrum directed nearly straight forward; joints of club of antenne larger at apex than at base. Ninth and tenth antennal joints only a little larger at apex than at base. Third ventral segment of abdomen as long as the second........... Paltorhynchus. Ninth and tenth antennal joints twice as broad at apex as at base. Third veutral segment of abdomen shorter than the second ...................-... Tsothea. Body stouter, but little more than twice as long as broad or high; rostrum more or less declivent; joints of antennal club not enlarged apically... . Trypanorhynchus, 2 MON XXI 18 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. PALTORHYNCHUS (zaAror, puyyos) gen. nov. Closely allied to Isothea, described below, differing from it in the gen- eral form of the body and the structure of the antennz. The form is dis- tinctly parallel-sided throughout nearly the whole of its extent, being broadest at the middle of the prothorax. The rostrum is slender and twice as long as the rest of the head, straight and porrect, and yet to- gether with the head not much, if any, over half as long as the rest of the body. Antennze of the same length as in Isothea, the first and second joints subequal, scarcely if at all stouter, and certainly shorter than joints 3-8, which are subequal, two or three times longer than broad, 9-11 forming an elongate ovate club not very deeply annulate, its basal joints at least only a little broader at apex than at base. Eyes moderately large, lateral, not prominent. Legs rather short and not stout. Third ventral segment of abdomen as long as the second. Dr. J. L. Le Conte, who, many years ago, cursorily examined one of the specimens of this genus, remarked to me that it was a ‘(very strange” insect. Three species occur in Colorado, one of them not uncommonly. Table of the species of Paltorhynchus. A large species, with coarse sculpture; elytra with a deep, median, longi- tudinal sulcation: <2 ssh. ose sey no SO oe Rene eee ee narwhal. A species of medium size with delicate sculpture; elytra with no conspie- MOUSs SUC AUON Hes: =) fey ee te eee ae eae ions Tee eee rectirostris. A small species, with subdued sculpture; elytra with a pair of longitudi- nal suleations, one median, the other subsutural .......-............ bisulcatus. PALTORHYNCHUS NARWHAL. Pais 10 ele A very striking species, with its auger-like beak, coarse sculpture, and deeply grooved elytra. The head besides being granulate is transversely corrugate. The prothorax, which is fullest in the middle, is coarsely gran- ular, the granules circular, and distant from one another by rather less than their own diameter, the middle of the sides with a rather coarse arcuate RHYNCHITIDH—ISOTHEIN &—ISOTHEINI. 19 prominent ruga, followed beneath by a corresponding sulcation, adding to its distinctness, fading out before attaining the posterior margin. Elytra with similar, but even larger and sometimes more distant circular granules, show- ing a tendency, especially on the sutural half, to a longitudinal arrangement; a little within the middle of each elytron and parallel to the suture is a deep, straight suleation, scarcely fading before reaching either extremity of the elytra, and another, perhaps weaker, originating not very far from the same point and becoming submarginal. Length of body, ticluding rostrum, 10-11"; of rostrum, 2°5-2:75""; breadth of body, 2°6-—2-9™™. Florissant, Colorado. Four specimens, Nos. 463, 12247 and 12248, and from the Princeton collection, Nos. 1.580, 1.847. PALTORHYNCHUS RECTIROSTRIS. : Plot, Fig: 8. A smaller species than the last, with more subdued sculpture, heavier and coarser antennze, and relatively longer beak. Head transversely and regularly corrugate, with a few independent granulations above. — Prothorax not very coarsely, and not prominently granulate, the surface uniform with- out a lateral ruga. Elytra feebly striate, with scattered dull granulations larger and more distant from each other than those on the prothorax. Length of body, including rostrum, 7:25"; of rostrum, 2™"; height of body, 3”. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 7714. o] } } PALTORHYNCHUS ? BISULCATUS. Pl. vin, Fig. 3. The imperfection of the specimens does not permit certainty in generic location of this species, and it is placed here only because of the general re- semblance of the surface sculpture of the elytra, which is somewhat remark- able. One of the specimens shows only the fragment of an elytron, the other the dorsal view of the prothorax and elytra. The prothorax, not per- fect, is faintly, distantly, and coarsely punctate, and shows a pair of longi- tudinal strize close beside the middle line. The elytra are together about 20 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. half as long again as their greatest width, punctate like the prothorax, but the puncta here with a longitudinal arrangement, and besides each elytron has two rows of conspicuous punctate striae, one near the middle of the elytron fading apically, the other nearer the sutural margin than the median stria, and meeting next the tip of the elytron the apex of a slight submarginal ridge. Length of elytra, 2°75™". Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the most prolific insect bed, just beneath the topmost layers. Two specimens, Nos. 295, 303, U. S. Geologi- cal Survey. ISOTHEA (e/o@Oé@), gen. nov. The head in this genus is of exceptional length, being slightly longer than the rostrum, and with it two-thirds as long as the rest of the body; it tapers regularly, but with full sides, to the rostrum which is stout, fully one- fourth the breadth of the head. Antennz almost as long as the greatest width of the body, fully,a third longer than the beak, joints 1-2 subequal, slightly shorter and a little stouter than those succeeding, 3-5 longest, 6-8 about half as long as 1-2, 9-11 large and broad, forming an open club, of which 9-10 are twice as broad at apex as at base, subtriangular and trun- cate, the terminal joint obovate. Eyes large, lateral, not very prominent. Legs somewhat shorter than in Rhynchites, but with identical form, includ- ing the tarsal joints, unless the penultimate joint is more deeply bilobate. Structure of elytra indeterminable. Third ventral segment of abdomen dis- tinctly shorter than the second. The form of the body in this genus is somewhat elongate but not par- allel-sided, showing a somewhat oval outline and being broadest in the middle of the abdomen. A single species occurs at Florissant. IsoTHEA ALLENI. Plo iw, Hie. 2 Pyne dy The specimen, admirably preserved in most of its details, lies upon its back, so that the sculpturing of the elytra can not be determined. The head is transversely and rather delicately striate, the strie turning some- RHYNCHITIDA—ISOTHEIN.-E—ISOTHEINI. 21 what forward at the base of the rostrum. The prothorax is delicately eranulose, as are also the hind femora. Length of body, including rostrum, 7:°5°; of head and rostrum, 3™™"; of antenn, 21"; breadth of abdomen, 2:3". Florissant, Colorado; one specimen, No. 1058. I name this species for my friend and fellow-student, Mr. J. A. Allen, of the American Museum of Natural History, New York. TRYPANORHYNCHUS (zpv'zavor, pu'yzxos), gen. nov. The form of the body is here more plump than in “the preceding genera, and the rostrum, instead of being thrust straight forward, is directed more or less obliquely downward. The head is large at base, rapidly tapers, with a full outline, and, with the rostrum, is fully two-thirds as long as the elytra; the rostrum is stout, rigidly straight, longer than the head; the eyes are moderately large, more or less oval, almost or quite longitudinal, situated next the base of the rostrum; the antenn are inserted a little beyond the base of the rostrum, and in the only specimen in which they can be made out the basal joints are destroyed; the antennie are about as long as the rostrum, the fourth and fifth joints cylindrical, a little enlarged apically, more than twice as long as broad; the sixth to the eighth about two-thirds as long as the preceding and more distinctly enlarged, and also more or less truncate apically; the succeeding joints form a long and slender, oval, loose club twice as broad as the stalk and four or five times as long as broad, the joints subequal. The prothorax is simple, tumid, and, with the elytra, shows a well-arched back. The legs are of moderate length, the fore femora only a little enlarged apically. Three species occur in the western Tertiaries, all at Florissant. Table of the species of Trypanorhynchus. Larger. Rostrum much shorter than head and thorax together, enlarged in its apical half; longer axis of eye set at an acute angle with the rostrum....... corruptivus. Smaller. Rostrum nearly or quite as long as head and thorax together, tapering throughout; longer axis of eye almost identical with that of rostrum. - . .depratus. Smallest. Rostrum of the length of the prothorax only, equal-throughout or possibly tapering at base; longer axis of eye inclined slightly from that of rostrum. . sedatus. 22 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. 'TRYPANORHYNCHUS CORRUPTIVUS. Play, Wiest The head tapers rapidly from the base and is rather heavily and trans- versely corrugate, broken into granulations to a slight extent around the eyes, which are very regularly broad-ovate, the longer axis at a slight angle with that of the rostrum; the latter moderately stout, enlarged in the middle of the apical half, a third longer than the head. Thorax heavily eranulose, the granules taking on transverse sinuous courses on the sides, so as to appear almost more corrugate than granulate, but completely irregular above. Elytra with series of punctate striz. Length over the back from tip of rostrum to tip of elytra, 12™ height of body, 3°5™™. Florissant, Colorado. Five specimens, Nos. 8342 and 8617, 11250, 11275, 13636, 13658. TRYPANORHYNCHUS DEPRATUS. Pl. rv, Figs. 5, 10. Head tapering rather less rapidly than in the other species, but with the same transverse corrugations and with the same beads around the eyes; these are more elongate than in J. corruptivus, and their longer axis is almost or quite identical with that of the rostrum; rostrum slender and tapering uniformly throughout, about two-thirds longer than the head. Thorax densely granulate throughout, on the sides as above. Elytra ob- scure, but apparently as in the other species. Length over the back from tip of rostrum to tip of elytra, 9"; height, 2.5™™. Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 9705, 13596, and, from the Princeton collection, 1.867. TRYPANORHYNCHUS SEDATUS. ») Wes (5 ¥0 Pl. u, Fig. 23. . The head is strongly arched and very distantly and finely punctate; eye rather long-oval, the longer axis pointing a little above the rostrum; R RHYNCHITID.Z—ISOTHEIN 2—TOXORHYNCHINI. 23 ~ this is rather slender, apparently equal or a little stouter at base than in the middle, of the length of the prothorax, and with the slightest possible arcuation. Prothorax densely but not very coarsely punctate (granulate by reverse), with the slightest possible indication of a somewhat irregular transverse disposition. Elytra rather coarsely punctate-striate, the inter- spaces also punctate, but more finely and less conspicuously. On account of its small size, the punctate head free from transverse corrugations, and the obscurity attaching to the rostrum by its inflexed position and not perfectly clear preservation, I have had some doubt about placing this insect here, but the position of the rostrum seems to be due to the excessive bending of the head, as shown by the longitudinal wrinkles behind the summit, which appear to belong to the softer membrane natur- ally concealed, and if this be conceded, there seems to be no valid reason for refusing it a place here. Length over the body from tip of rostrum to tip of elytra (restor- ing the head to an assumed natural position), 5-2"; length of rostrum, 1™; height of body, 1:5"™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 8515. Tribe TOXORHYNCHINI. The members of this tribe have commonly a plump, arched body, rarely elongate, and are usually of small size, though the largest are nearly as large as the smallest of the Isotheini, excepting Trypanorhynchus sedatus ; the head is usually shorter, the rostrum straight or gently curved, usually of considerable length, and always porrect. Table of the genera of Toxorhynchini. ROM n ON AORN TOI). ooo oop coo one aoe ue aoe Souda CULUUSadERdGe Docirhynchus. Rostrum gently curved. Head excluding rostrum almost as long as the prothorax. Body elongate, relatively slender, much more than twice as long as high : Teretrum. Body compact, rounded, stout, scarcely twice as long as high..Toxorhynchus. Head excluding rostrum very much shorter than prothorax...... ...--. Steganus. 24 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. DOCIRHYNCHUS (6oxis, pu'yxos), gen. nov. A genus of Rhynchitidee comprising beetles of smaller size and plumper form than the others in the subfamily of Isotheinze, in which, on account of its general resemblance to them and the character and insertion of the an- tenn, it appears to fall. Of the separation of the coxee nothing can be said. The head is not more than half as long as the prothorax, well rounded from base to beak, the latter long, rigidly straight, equal, and slender, with the head at least as long as the elytra. The eyes are obscurely preserved, but apparently small, circular, and situated next the base of the beak. The antenne are slightly longer than the prothorax, seated slightly within the middle of the basal half, the first two joints a little stouter than the follow- ing, equal, subovate, hardly twice as long as broad, the succeeding up to the club slender, cylindrical, equal or subequal, more than twice as long as broad, and scarcely longer than the basal, the last three twice as broad, scarcely longer than broad, subquadrate, forming a loose subcylindrical club. The prothorax is higher than long, even; the elytra well arched, the sculpture longitudinally disposed; the legs slender and not very long. The metasternum is long, the pygidium apparently exposed. Two species are known, both coming from Florissant. Table of the species of Docirhynchus. Rostrum alone shorter thanithe elytra... 5422 ae tele ieeeieleliee ieee terebrans. Rostrum alone‘as long as) theielytraje.s.- oe een coe eae ee teseer culex. DocIRHYNCHUS TEREBRANS. BD Take +) . Pl. iv, Fig. 6. The head is transversely, regularly, and finely corrugate at base, deli- cately, feebly, and finely granulate in front, the beak with two or three longitudinal somewhat beaded carinze; the latter is shorter than the elytra, but with the head equals them in length. The prothorax is uniformly, densely, and somewhat finely granulate, as are also the sides of the meta- sternum, though here they are longitudinally disposed by merging in longi- RHYNCHITIDH—ISOTHEINH—TOXORHYNCHINI. 25 tudinal lines. The elytra are feebly carinate, the carine granulate, the granulations dull and rather smaller than on the prothorax; a few scattered short hairs can be seen. The abdominal segments are feebly, coarsely, and transversely corrugate, the corrugations irregular and broken. The specimen figured does not show the antennz. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 35"; height, 2"; length of ros- frum, 1-67". Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 498, 6982, 7558. DocirRHYNCHUS CULEX. d < Ne 6 PES var, Rigs: The sculpturing of the surface is somewhat obscurely preserved, but the head can be seen to be transversely corrugate, and the beak, which is excessively long and straight, as.long by itself as the elytra, is longitudi- nally carinate. The prothorax appears to be finely granulate, and the elytra striate, but little can be seen. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 4:2""; height, 2.2"; length of ros- TUM ies Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 8823. TERETRUM (réperpor), gen. nov. 3 Héad conical, nearly as long as broad, the eyes rather large, inferior, the facets large and few in number; rostrum gently curved, moderately slender; antennz imperfectly preserved and in only one species, where the club is twice as broad as the funicle, its joints subquadrate and equal. ‘Thorax higher than long, more or less arched. Elytra with longitudinal sculpture ; pygidium apparently exposed. Legs unusually slender, except the apically swollen fore femora. Two species occur, one each from Wyoming and Colorado. Table of the species of Teretrum. Rostrum considerably longer than the prothorax.........--.----------- primulum, Rostrum scarcely, if at all, longer than the prothorax........--.-..----- quiescitum. TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. bo [or TERETRUM PRIMULUM. PL ww, Fig. 3. Head very delicately, finely, regularly, and transversely corrugated or carded with a few granulations anteriorly; rostrum smooth, imperfectly preserved, but evidently very gently curved and nearly as long as the head and prothorax combined. Thorax well arched, with feeble, sparse, but rather coarse granulations. Elytra with feeble distant carine not well pre- served. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°75"; height, 1:8"; length of rostrum, Utes Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 6377. TTERETRUM QUIESCITUM. Pl. vin, Fig. 6. Head obscure but apparently rather coarsely granulose, the rostrum of the same character, very gently arcuate, of about the length of the prothorax. Prothorax finely and irregularly rugulose, scarcely arched above. Elytra finely striate and serially granulose, the granulations pretty large. Length, excluding rostrum, 2°77"; height, 1:2"; length of rostrum, O.Gzee The head is twisted upside down in the specimen drawn. Green river, Wyoming, from the upper part of the bluffs behind the town. One specimen, No. 740, U. S. Geological Survey. This insect bears a close general resemblance to the European Cossonus marionii Oust. from the Aix Tertiaries. TOXORHYNCHUS (cé6éor, pv'yxos), gen. nov. The form is very compact, the dorsum strongly arched. The head is conical, nearly as long as broad, the eye large, circular er nearly circular, situated at the very base of the snout, the latter delicate, scarcely arcuate, at least as long as the head. Antennze, obscurely preserved in only a single specimen of one of the species, inserted very near but not at the base of the beak, as long as it, slender, the club composed of subquadrate joints not RHYNCHITIDA—ISOTHEIN.A—TOXORHYNCHINI. 27 greatly enlarged. Thorax nearly twice as high as long. Elytra heavily carinate. Legs moderately slender with normally thickened femora. Two small species occur in the western Tertiaries, both at Florissant. The smaller should be regarded as the type. Table of the species of Toxorhynchus. . Eye not much, if any, wider than the beak; the latter of ordinary stoutness. .minusculus. Hye three times as wide as the beak; the latter exceedingly delicate........ oculatus. TOXORHYNCHUS MINUSCULUS. I r mos PL. ty, Fig. 1. Head smooth but for the transverse striation or carding, which is very reeular and delicate; eye circular or transversely oval, surrounded with granulations, which are also seen upon the rostrum. ‘This is very gently arcuate, having a general direction nearly in continuation of the general direction of the upper outline of the head, and is of about the length of the prothorax. Prothorax rather coarsely and rather densely granulose, as is also the whole under surface of the body, though more sparsely, and with perhaps larger granulations. Elytra with about ten very prominent granulate carina, the interspaces also irregularly granulose, all the granu- lations of the same size as those on the prothorax. IFemora, and even tibiz, minutely and faintly transversely corrugate, on the tibize showing a tendency to break up into granulations. Length, excluding rostrum, 2™"; height, 1:1"; length of rostrum, O62: Florissant, Colorado. Seven specimens, Nos. 7344, 8952, 9224, 10024, 10902, 14490, 15256. - TOXORHYNCHUS OCULATUS. piv, Big, 11. A single specimen, unfortunately with the very delicate rostrum broken. Head very small for this group, apparently smooth, the exposed side almost entirely occupied by the large subcircular eye, the hinder margin of which reaches the prothorax and the facets of which are unusu- 28 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. ally large, scarcely less than 0.02™" in diameter; rostrum excessively slen- der. Prothorax very delicately and uniformly granulate, and also, as far as ‘xan be seen, but less delicately, the abdominal segments. Elytra with granulate carinze, the interspaces delicately granulate heavy and coarsely like the thorax. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°15"; height, 2™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 13600. STEGANUS (6reyavés'), gen. nov. A very different type from any others in the subfamily, but linked to them by several characteristic features, and especially recalling the larger Isotheini in its elongate form. The head is excessively short in proportion to its height, and appears as if enveloped in the large hood-like prothorax. The eyes are small, transversely oval. The beak is separated from the head by a distinct though fine constriction, is slender, scarcely arcuate, por- rect, fully as long as the prothorax. The antennz are not preserved. The prothorax is tumid, considerably higher than long, roughly sculptured. The elytra are also rather coarsely sculptured, but are scarcely at all arched. The legs, excepting the stout fore femora, are slight and of moderate length. Apparently the pygidium is covered. ; A single species occurs, in the Roan mountains of western Colorado. STEGANUS BARRANDEI. Pl.yvin, Fig: 5: The head and rostrum are perfectly smooth, the former at least four times as high as long; the transverse eyes are scarcely longer than the width of the slender rostrum, which is somewhat longer than the prothorax, narrows at the base, and beyond is equal and very slender. Prothorax well arched above, truncate at each extremity, coarsely punctato-rugose. Elytra punctato-rugose, but more densely than the prothorax, and with dis- tinct longitudinal arrangement, the puncta following faintly impressed striz much narrower than they. ‘Tn allusion to the enveloped head. OTIORHYNCHID®. 29 Length, excluding rostrum, 43™"; height, 1:5™"; length of rostrum ue & ? ? & b] ? ’ iy nm Roan mountains, western Colorado, in the most prolific beds close to ) ) ] the summit. One specimen, Nos. 1015 and 1016, U.S Geological Survey. i ’ D Colos J Named in honor of the distinguished Bohemian paleontologist, the late Joachim Barrande. Mamily OPlLORE YINCHID 7h. The Otiorhynchidz are well represented in the American Tertiaries, the numerical preponderance of the species having then been much more than double what it is now. But the most striking fact is its importance for the Gosiute fauna, where 15 genera and 32 species occur, against 10 genera and 14 species at Florissant. Excepting in the Scolytide, which have but 4 species in the western Tertiaries, and are thus relatively insig- nificant, no other family shows a preponderance of forms in the Gosiute fauna; and as the preponderance is here very marked we may fairly regard the Otiorhynchidz as thoroughly characteristic of this fauna. It is a fur- ther curious fact that the Florissant Otiorhynchidee are mostly made up of members of different tribes from the others, the Evotini and Promecopini belonging exclusively, or almost exclusively, to the Lacustrine fauna, while the Tanymecini, Cyphini, and Phyllobiini are exclusively, the more nu- merous Ophryastini and Otiorhynchini almost exclusively, Gosiute; the Brachyderini alone are divided equally between both. No other family of Rhynchophora shows in so striking a manner a division of tribes between the two principal horizons of the western Tertiary insect beds, and it is therefore probable that the fossils of this family may in the future furnish the best indications (as far as Rhynchophora are concerned) of the horizon of future insect localities in the West. In Europe the number of genera and species is far less than in America, and the tribes Ophryastini, Evotini and Promecopini, having in America fully two-fifths the genera and nearly half the species, do not appear to occur at all, nor do any tribes occur in Europe which are not found in America, excepting the extinct tribe Pristorhynchini, which is rep- resented by a single species. Kven in the tribes that are the same the 30 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. genera are mostly different; thus the Brachyderini are represented by Liparus, Anisorhynchus, and Brachyderes, five species in all; the Otiorhyn- chidze by Otiorhynchus and Laparocerus, a half dozen species, all Pleistocene; the Tanymecini by Thylacites, a single species; the Cyphini by Naupactus and Strophosomus, a couple of species; and the Phyllobiini by Phyllobius and Polydrosus, in amber. We find, therefore, only 11 genera and 17 species in Europe, against 23 genera and 47 species in America. The importance of the Otiorhynchidee in the American Tertiaries, and particularly in the Gosiute fauna, is therefore apparent. The following table will give in detail the peculiarities of this distribu- tion, by which it appears that the relative development of the different tribes in the recent American fauna is in this instance more nearly approached by the American than by the European Tertiary fauna. Table of tribal distribution of recent and fossil Otiorhynchide. ee ee | we Tertiary | Tertiary shaw’s Catalogue.) | > orth American. European. Tribes. aS . ; a * _———_— epee Par ponte fen | N as iss | species. | centage. species. EO species. centage, Brachyderini 2-52 13 11.3 6 12.8 5 29, 4 Ophryastinisc.< Rostrum relatively slender, eyes as broad as rostrum; second abdominal segment © a >] > longerithanw ther two) t0llowiney re eee ccs = een oe aie ee Eudomus. 5 5 Rostrum relatively broad; eyes narrower than rostrum; second abdominal seg- ment not longer than the two following......-.-......--.--.--- Hucryptus. dy slende 5 ore the ACOAS LON Oo TASH OLOAGme se ole ee sle cto dia ‘. Body slender, much more than twice as long as | 1 Budiagogus 62 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. EUDOMUS (evdopos), gen. nov. Body stout, less than twice as long as broad. Rostrum as long as the head, pretty stout, equal, the tip broadly rounded. Eyes strongly transverse, oval, subacuminate, very large, as long as the lateral breadth of the rostrum. Scrobes strongly arcuate, passing beneath the eyes. Antenne short, club not at all stout, long-oval, the apical as large as the two preceding joints. Thorax broader and higher than long, with prominent subangulate ocular lobes. Elytra much broader than the thorax at base, with rounded humeri and parallel sides. Second abdominal segment longer than the two follow- ing, its anterior suture strongly arcuate ; intercoxal process broad, tapering, truncate at tip. Metasternal side piece moderately wide, expanded ante- riorly by a narrow triangular side process directed inwardly ; mesosternal side pieces subequal, the episternum separated from the epimeron by a sin- uous suture so directed that the lateral outer margin of the epimeron is considerably longer than its posterior margin, the opposite of what is found in Kudiagogus. This genus evidently falls in the Promecopini in the vicinity of Eudi- agogus, but differs from it as from all living genera in the much robuster form and larger size, as well as in most of the details of structure given above. Two species occur, both at Florissant. Table of the species of Eudomus. Elytra considerably less than twice as long as the rest of the body..-....-- robustus. Elytra almost twice as long as the rest of the body................-......- pinguis. EupomMus ROBUSTUS. Pl. mt, Figs. 2, 4. Head, including rostrum, and thorax finely and densely beaded, the markings a little coarser and more pronounced on the thorax than else- where. Similar markings occur on the under side of the thorax. The elytra are considerably less than twice as long as the rest of the body, and have punctured, strongly impressed strize, the punctures being circular or scarcely OTIORHYNCHID.E—PROMECOPINT. 6: longitudinal, twice as deep as the strize and separated by about their own length in the striz; besides this, though none of the specimens show it well, the elytra are thinly clothed with short, rather coarse hairs, which, perhaps, have a longitudinal arrangement in the interspaces, one row, especially, in the middle of the same. Length, excluding rostrum, 9"; rostrum, 1°25". Florissant, Colorado. Eight specimens, Nos. 1742 and 4675, 2105, 6660, 8263, 8527, 13662, and of the Princeton Collection, Nos. 1.536, 1.550 and 1.620. Nos. 465, 8525, 13036 may also belong here, but are too impertect to decide. KubDOMUS PINGUIS. Pio, Fie. 9 The sculpturing of the surface is very much the same as in the pre- ceding species, but with perhaps slightly less difference between that of the head and thorax; there is a slight median carina on the head and thorax. Elytra almost twice as long as the rest of the body, the rostrum and head being a little shorter than in EL. robustus; the punctures of the elytral strize are more distinctly elongated than in that species, and so separated by a narrower space; there is a row of median hairs in each interspace, .the hairs half as long as the width of the interspace, and there are, besides, some other indifferently scattered. hairs. 7 Length, excluding rostrum, 10°5""; rostrum, 1:1”. Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 4739, 4904, and from the Princeton collection, Nos. 1.531 and 1.548. EUCRYPTUS (ev, xpumros), gen. nov. This genus is more nearly allied to the preceding than to any of the living members of the tribe, but has not so markedly robust a form, being in this respect more like KEudiagogus. It has, however, a much stouter rostrum than EKudomus, and a differently formed and smaller eye. The ros- trum is as long as the head, and, while no stouter at tip than in EKudomus, enlarges so much basally that here it is exceptionally stout. The eyes are large, transverse, situated high up, but very broadly and regularly obovate, 64 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA, not so long as even the apical breadth of the rostrum. Scrobes straight or gently arcuate, terminating at the eye, which they strike just above the lower edge. Second abdominal segment not longer than the two following to- gether, at least on the sides. A single species is known. Eucryprus sectus. Ply, Mig: 9 The head and prothorax are densely and rather finely subrugulose, on the head, excepting the rostrum, complicated by fine, close, transverse striations, and on the prothorax faintly showing signs of a longitudinal arrangement, and slightly coarser than on the head; the prothorax also shows, laterally, an arcuate rounded plica. The elytra are each about two and a half times longer than broad with straight linear series of rather large, deeply impressed rounded puncta separated in the same row by rather less than their own diameter; feeble signs in some places show that the inter- spaces were covered with semi-erect, not very fine hairs. Length, excluding rostrum, 85"; rostrum, 1-4"; height of body, Diloe >. * Florissant, Colorado. ‘Two specimens, Nos. 13632, 13683. EUDIAGOGUS Scehonherr. This is a tropical American type with a meager number of species of which two occur in our Gulf states. A single species occurs fossil in America, first recognized at Green River, but since found also at White river and the Roan mountains, so that it is probably characteristic of the Gosiute fauna. EupIAGOGUS TERROSUS. Eudiagogus terrosus Seudd., Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Sury. Terr., tv, 766-767 (1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 475, Pl. vii, Fig. 29 (1890). Three additional specimens which appear to belong here have been obtained from new localities, each specimen consisting of a pair of fairly preserved elytra or a single elytron only. CURCULIONID. 65 Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the richest shales at the sum- mit of the bluff at the head of East Salt creek. One specimen, No. 1055, U.S. Geological Survey. From the same locality in slightly lower beds at same station. One specimen, No. 117, U.S. Geological Survey. White river, western Colorado, from the very lowest shales on the south side of the river opposite Canyon butte. One specimen, No. 468, U.S. Geological Survey. Family CURCULIONID 4. One hundred species, or slightly more than one-half of the Tertiary Rhynechophora of North America, belong to the Curculionidee, but this pre- ponderance is a little less than in the recent American fauna where the family holds a still more important place; and is the more conspicuous from the fact that its numbers are more than four times those of any other family, while in the Tertiary deposits of the West the Otiorhynchidie have nearly half as many species as the Curculionide. In general, the relative numerical proportion of the subfamilies is similar to what obtains in North America at the present day, or at least the vast proportion of the species belong as now to the Curculionine; but the Alophinze possessed then a far greater percentage (eight times greater) than now, while the Balaninee were also relatively much more numerous, the percentage of species to the whole number of the family being then nearly five times greater; the loss fell.on the Curculioninee and to a small extent on the Apionine, while the Ithyce- rine, now represented by a single species, are not known to have existed. In Europe, if we regard the species of Hipporhinus as Alophinz, the relative preponderance of the subfamilies of fossil Curculionidae approaches nearer and indeed very closely to the condition of things in America to-day, for more than four-fifths of the species are to be referred to the Curculionin, though the Alophinze are still nearly three times in excess of their present American proportion, and the Sitoninz have an even slightly greater rela- tive preponderance. As in America, all the subfamilies are present excepting the Ithycerine. The total number of species, strangely enough, is exactly the same as in America. 5 MON XXI 66 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. The details of this comparison may be seen in the following table: Table of recent and fossil Curculionida, arranged by subfamilies. In numbers. In percentages, Sub tales: Recent Tertiary Mortiane Recent Tertiary Tortinn North North TO ars North | North | an es American. | American. | “"TCP®®™. | American. | American. mes the Sibouitces so) eeectes 8 3 "4 || 13 | 3.0 | 4.0 Alophinga..s220-c-ccsceees 11 14 5 | To ot 14.0 5.0 Ithycerine............---- 1 0 0 Ota 0.0 | 0.0 APlONINGG = soos ceeoee ees 69 ii 6 10.8 | 20] 6.0 Curculioning =o. -2-.- ce 543 70 83 84.8 | 70.0 | 83.0 alanine 26 soe sees 8 6 2 1.3) || 6.0 2.0 Notallte: sce ean cas 640 100 100 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 In the United States, Florissant furnishes the vast proportion of the Tertiary species in all the subfamilies except the Sitoninee, where two out of the three come from the Gosiute fauna; but it is curious to note one ex- ception in that all the species of the first tribe of Curculionin, the Phytono- mini, and nearly all those of the second, the Hylobiini, also come from the Gosiute fauna. The other species of the Gosiute fauna are scattered here and there, but, all told, they form only one-fourth of the whole number of species and represent only one-sixth of the genera. Subfamily SITONIN AE. As Sitona alone represents this subfamily among the fossils the reader is referred to that genus for general remarks. It may only be mentioned that the group appears to have been represented in Tertiary times in about the same relative numbers as at present. SITONA Germar. This genus, rich in species, is confined to the northern hemisphere, and is especially at home in Europe and the neighboring regions. There are a considerable number of species in North America, some of which are also inhabitants of the Old World, and nearly all are confined to the Pacific slope. It is weil recognized in the European Tertiaries, distinct forms CURCULIONID4—SITONIN 4. 67 having been described from Aix (two species), Oeningen, and Rott. Three species are described below, one from Florissant, Colorado, another from Green River, Wyoming, and the third from both the Roan mountains, Colorado, and Green River, Wyoming, but this last species is referred here with much hesitation, and it may well belong to the Otiorhynchidx rather than the Curculionide. Our other species bear no close resemblance to any of those from the European Tertiaries. Table of the species of Sitona. Rostrum shorter than the head. iBodvalessiubantbwicerasuionsuasihl ohn sms seen ee eee esc an ne exitiorum. Body much more than twice as long as high........................ Jodinarun, Hostrumbhalit asilongarainvas the head\-22242.2---- ¢...-2..-s200--2<¢ paginarum, SITONA EXITIORUM. ae Pir, Bich 13. Body well arched, the dorsal curve pretty uniform, somewhat elongate, well rounded behind. Head full, nearly twice as high as jong, finely and transversely rugoso-punctate ; eyes small, circular, situated well forward, their lower edge at the middle line of the side; rostrum very stout, shorter than the head, apically broad (slightly distorted in the specimen figured, so as to look pointed). Prothorax nearly half as high again as long, tapering and gently arched above, the surface densely and not coarsely punctate. Elytra with feebly impressed punctate stria. Legs rather slender and long, especially the tibize, which are apically truncate. Length, excluding rostrum, 46™"; rostrum, 0°7""; elytra, 3:1; height of body, 2°6™. Florissant, Colorado. Four specimens, Nos. 466, 3540, 5333, 8204. SITONA FODINARUM. Pl xe tBiet be scarcely oblique, nearly as long as the beak. Prothorax nearly twice as high as long, distinctly and regularly tapering, the surface densely punctate. Klytra sharply and distinctly punctato-striate, the interspaces flat, with no signs of series of bristles. Under surtace of thorax heavily and coarsely punctate, but not so densely as the thorax. Under surface of abdomen similarly but still more sparsely and far more feebly punctate; the third and fourth segments are together considerably longer than the second. Legs moderately long and slender. Length, excluding rostrum, 4"; rostrum, 0°75™ elytra, 2°75™"; height of body, 1:85". Florissant, Colorado. Six specimens, Nos. 436, 1236, 1246, 8681, 8810, 8956. CONIATUS REFRACTUS. Pl. x, Fig. 4. Head very feebly and rather coarsely punctate, but not so coarsely as the prothorax, conically tapering but pretty full, more than half as high again as long, the eyes obscure in the specimens seen, the rostrum stout and much shorter than the prothorax, straight and equal. Prothorax about half as high again as long, tapering considerably and regularly with very little fullness, the surface densely punctate. Elytra heavily punctato-striate, with no serial bristles in the tolerably flat interspaces. Third and fourth abdominal segments together scarcely longer than the second. Legs rather short, the femora considerably thickened. Length, excluding rostrum, 4°"; rostrum, 0°55"; elytra, 3""; height of body, 1°75™™. White river, Utah, on the river bank about 5 miles from the Colorado boundary. One specimen, Nos. 593 and 601, U. 8, Geological Survey. 80 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the richest beds at summit of bluffs overlooking head of East Salt creek. One specimen, No. 157, U.S. Geological Survey. Also a third specimen, No. 313, from either the Roan mountains or White river, U. S. Geological Survey. Subfamily APIONIN 2. Since both in Europe and in America the only Tertiary forms of this family have been referred to the genus Apion (which contains all but one of the numerous forms now existing in America), the reader is referred to that genus for the general remarks that might be looked for here. APION Herbst. A genus enormously rich in species, of small size, distributed all over the world, but absent from Australia, and principally found in the northern hemisphere. About seventy species are found in North America, and, as may be imagined, are widely distributed, the larger number, however, being found in the southern half of the country. Half a dozen fossil species have been found in Europe, principally in Brunstatt, and as many at Florissant alone, while an additional species has been found in the Roan mountain beds. It appears, therefore, to be somewhat characteristic in this country of the Lacustrine fauna. All the species from Florissant and the Roan mountains referred to this genus appear to fallin the fourth section of Smith, in his last synopsis of the species, and the Florissant species perhaps alse in his group Ventri- cosum; but the first species, at least, is very different from any of our modern forms in the great length of the head, and in all but one of our fossil species the eyes are farther from the margin of the prothorax than is common, and the thorax is always more transverse. ‘The same, too, may be said of the other fossil species hitherto described from Brunstatt, Oeningen, and Rott, by Forster, Heer, and Heyden, six in number, if we separate, as I think we must, the species described from Rott and the one from Brunstatt, doubt- fully regarded as the same by Forster, CURCULIONID #——A PIONIN #. 81 Table of the species of Apion. Head longer than thorax; beak very stout, scarcely longer than head... ....-; smithii. Head shorter than thorax; beak relatively slender, much longer than head. Beak nearly straight; eye distant from front edge of prothorax. Thorax coarsely, and distantly punctate ...............--..--...-.- pumilum. Thorax finely and closely punctate. Beak longer than the dorsum of the prothorax. Head relatively short; rostrum more than half as long as elytra; elitrapheanwalyesttlatersas seks = siese ee ae eee ae confectum. Head relatively long; rostrum less than half as long as elytra; elytra TALTGLYS SULA LO pee te ee aie t eines Ae eins epee eA are curiosum. Beak shorter than the dorsum of the prothorax..... ecees == = -CLUMUNGALE Beak distinctly arcuate. Beak relatively stout; eye distant from front edge of prothorax. .evestigatum. Beak relatively slender; eye but slightly removed from front edge of pro- GE OUEU Re eevee ste rn ene reins tes Paloy eV ataiele spoils ote"! aye = ays' Saree refrenatum. APION SMITHII. Pliy,) Pig. 2. This, the largest of the Florissant ‘species, differs strikingly from the others and from all modern species known to me in the great length of the head, as well as in the great length and looseness of the antennal club, so that I question whether it should fall here. The general form appears to be as in the group Ventricosum. The head is considerably longer than the thorax and longer than broad, tapers with full sides and rounded front nearly from the base, and is nearly smooth but transversely wrinkled; the rostrum is only alittle longer than the head, very stout (for Apion) and equal, scarcely arcuate, well rounded at the tip, with no expansion except at extreme base; the loose club occupies nearly two-fifths of the antennee, which are longer than the beak by the length of the apical joint. Thorax very short and transverse, broadest at the base but scarcely tapering, a little arched above, the surface very distantly, rather coarsely but not heavily punctate. Elytra not clearly and fully preserved in any specimen, but the striation appears to be feeble, and their punctuation rather coarse. Legs with.very stout and large fore femora, but in no way abruptly clavate. MON XXI 6 82 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Length, excluding rostrum, 4°"; rostrum, 1"; height in middle of ab- domen, 2". Florissant, Colorado. Four specimens, Nos. 8592, 8702, 9034, 13619. The species is named for the entomologist, Prof. John B. Smith, of New Jersey, the latest monographer of the genus in America. APION PUMILUM. Ply, Rigee7: Viewed from the side, the dorsal aspect is strongly arcuate. The head is nearly as long as the thorax, rounded conical, the surface transversely striate, beneath the eye punctate; eyes circular, not large, lying next the base of the beak, which is porrect and slender, but in the single specimen known is broken a little beyond the base; so far as can be seen it has exactly the aspect of that of A. curiosum. Thorax about half as high again as broad, scarcely tapering, very gently arcuate above the surface, with large and distant punctures, very different from those of any of the other species. Elytra apparently somewhat larger at base than the prothorax, very arcuate, fullest in the middle, rapidly descending behind, apparently less than twice as long as broad, with coarse, deep punctate striz. Legs obscure. Length, excluding rostrum, 2™"; elytra, 16"; height, 1™. This is the smallest of the fossil species. Florissant, Colorado. ‘Two specimens, No. 7759, 8. H. Scudder; No. 2178, U.S. Geological Survey. APION CONFECTUM. PlSy, Biel 3: Pl x hie. 9: A pretty stout species, largest in the middle of the elytra, and behind that rapidly narrowing much as in the group Crassinasum of Smith, but not quite so rapidly. Head considerably higher than long, tapering with slightly arcuate sides, transversely faintly striate, the circular eye at the base of the beak and removed by about its own diameter from the front margin of the prothorax; beak slender, nearly half as long as the body, faintly arcuate, especially next the base where it is also a little tapering. CURCULIONID2—APIONIN&, 83 Thorax very much higher than long, tapering somewhat with rounded sides, the surface delicately and closely punctate. Elytra considerably arcuate, especially on posterior half, with large and coarse, heavily punc- tate striz. Legs not very long and rather slender, the femora moderately stout. Under surface of the body heavily and not very finely punctate. Length, excluding rostrum, 3"; rostrum, 1°3""; elytra, 2-4"; height of body, 1-6™". This species appears to be somewhat allied to the Brunstatt species which Férster compares with A. primordiale Heyden from Rott, but which in the length of the rostrum and somewhat different form of tne elytra seems to differ from that species. Florissant, Colorado. Four specimens, Nos. 3527, 8110, 8900, 9183. APION CURIOSUM. S PL vy, Bie: 5. A moderately stout form, largest just behind the middle of the elytra, and behind that narrowing rapidly as in the group Ventricosum of Smith, but not so abruptly. Head but little higher than long, tapering with arcuate sides, transversely, faintly, and finely striate, the circular eye situated at the base of the beak and removed by more than its own diameter from the front margin of the prothorax; beak longer than the dorsum of the prothorax, nearly continuing the upper and lower curves of the elongate head, slender, equal, and just perceptibly arcuate; club of antennz subcylindrical, about three times as long as broad, bluntly rounded at apex, tapering at base, about twice as stout as the funicle. Thorax nearly half as high again as long, scarcely tapering, the dorsum gently arcuate, the surface delicately and closely punctate. Elytra strongly arcuate, especially on the posterior rapidly descending portion, with very faint punctate striae. Legs slender and moderately long, the fore femora not clavate and but little thickened. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°25"; rostrum, 0-9"; elytra, 2°25™"; height of body, 1:8". This species seems to be somewhat allied to Heer’s A. antiquum trom Oeningen. Florissant, Colorado, Two specimens, Nos, 7777, 13675, io 8) He TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. APION EXANIMALE. Pl. oy,. Fae ae A‘stout-bodied form, only moderately arcuate behind the head, ap- parently largest on the basal half of the elytra, somewhat as in the group Segnipes of Smith. Head twice as high as long, tapering very rapidly with arcuate sides, delicately and transversely striate; eye circular, situated slightly behind the base of the beak, and removed from the front margin of the prothorax by its own diameter; front of head descending rapidly above and so forming a decided angle with the beak, which is moderately stout, a little shorter than the dorsum of the prothorax, nearly straight, equal on the basal, tapering slightly on the apical half. Thorax considerably higher than long, hardly tapering, longest above by reason of the arcuation of the body, delicately and closely punctate. Elytra about twice as long as broad, gently arcuate, broadly rounded at tip, with only very slight indi- cations of uny striz. Legs moderately stout and rather long, the femora heavily clavate at tip. Length, excluding rostrum, 2°5""; rostrum, 0:7"; elytra, 1°8""; height of body, 1-4™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 11306. APION EVESTIGATUM. Plex, (Pigs: The mode of preservation of the single specimen does not permit a pre- cise description of the form of the body, which, however, appears to be much as in the group Segnipes of Smith. The head is but little higher than long, subconical, with scarcely arcuate sides, smooth or with exceedingly fine faint transverse striation; eyes large, circular, situated as far forward as possible, and separated from the front margin of the prothorax by more than half their own diameter; rostruin moderately stout, as long as head and prothorax together, porrect, gently arcuate, especially on apical half, equal or scarcely enlarging apically. Prothorax a third higher than long, tapering but little, and with hardly any fullness, nearly smooth or very finely and very faintly punctate. Elytra rather less than twice as broad as CURCULIONID4—CURCULIONIN &. RD long, subacuminate at tip, the striee sharp, slender, and rather deep, with very minute, very distant, and faintly impressed, and therefore inconspicu- ous puncta, the interspaces smooth and broadly rounded. Legs rather long, the femora moderately clavate at tip, the tibize slender and equal. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°75"™"; rostrum, 1:25™"; elytra, 2°5™"; height of body, 2?™". Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the richest beds at summit of biuiis overlooking the head of East Salt creek. One specimen, Nos. 1029 and 1030, U. 8. Geological Survey. APION REFRENATUM. A relatively slender form, largest in the middle of the elytra, much as in Smith’s fifth section. Head about twice as high as long, tapering very rapidly, with arcuate sides, behind delicately and transversely striate ; eye circular, rather large, situated in the middle of the head (a little too far for- ward in the figure) and but little separated from the front edge of the pro- thorax, the facets about 0:015"" in diameter; beak nearly as long as the head and prothorax together, slender and equal, gently arcuate throughout. Thorax much higher than long, tapering a little, with slightly rounded sides, the surface rather coarsely punctate. Elytra rather elongate, fully twice as long as broad, not very arcuate except at the extreme posterior portion, with heavy, very faintly and rather coarsely punctate strive. Legs moder- ately long and rather slender, the femora not greatly enlarged. Leneth, excluding rostrum, 2°5""; rostrum, 0°65™" ;-elytra 2™"; height of body, 1°25™™. There is some resemblance between this species and A. sulcatum Forster, from the Oligocene of Brunstatt. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 505. Subfamily CURCULIONIN AE. The bulk of fossil Curculionide naturally fall into this subfamily, by far the most important in the existing fauna. All the larger tribes of the sub- family found to-day in America occur in the Tertiary rocks of our West, and 86 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. besides them two of those which are but feebly developed. The European fossils fall into the same tribes as the American, with the exception that two of the American tribes, the Anthonomini and Prionomerini, are absent; but though, singularly enough, the total number of species is exactly the same in the two countries, the distribution among the tribes is very different in the proportional importance of each. The following table, showing the number of species in each tribe and the porportional representation of each in the living American fauna (taken from Henshaw’s Catalogue of 1885, without attention to the supplements) in the American Tertiary deposits, and in the European Teritary deposits, will set this forth with greater clear- ness than any descriptive statement. Table of tribal distribution of recent and fossil Curculionine. Peeeeege Tertiary Tertiary E ree, Henshaw’s Catalogue. North American. eat acy Tribe. en Number Per- Number | Per- Number | Per- of species. | centage. | of species. | centage. | of species. | centage. a — — == ~" — — = —_— Phytonominisss-22--- eee eee 43 | 8.0 2 2.9 3 | 4.3 Empty astini: <2 -222-.2csce ene | 0.2 0 0.0 0.0 Eivlopiiycsse core acess eee. 13 2.5 7 10. 0 10 14 @leonini ase saeco ese sae Sno se 45 8.5 5 | (eal 22 31.4 NTH INIA] eek we ose ns See ese 70 13.1 9 12.9 13 18.6 ‘Pyachodini --.co----- eee 3 | 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 Otidocenhalimig =. -2e- see. eee 9 | lend 0 0. 0 Day 0.0 Map dalimicwr es esi ce ane eee 17 3.2 1 1.4 2 2.9 ANTHONOMIN somes ee eee 56 10.5 16 22.9 0 0.0 Prionemeriniee st ous es ee ee 3 0.5 1 1,4 0 0.0 Dy chuinigass tac cae eee eee 16 3.0 4.3 3 4.3 Cioniniee see eee 4 0.8 2 2.9 4 rit Trypetini. 2222.22 SS2-c he. see 1 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 Detelomimnives se eae eee 3 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 EeMOsactinl pe sesame were eree es 1 0. 2 0 0.0 0 0.0 Cryptorhynchini 22-05 2425 eee 113 21.2 7 10. 0 5 (al Ceuthorhynchini -.----......... 41 ead 6 8.6 6 8.6 IBaTINIE Pet oa ee ace eee 92 17.3 int aD. 7 2 2.9 ormopinl': <5 sca oo- ee cee 1 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 fe ot, = | | ee eee Total hess. so -ne eee | 532 99. 8 70 100. 1 “70 100. 1 | | | | | "In this column the European species referred to Curculionites (fifteen in number) are not taken into account, since the tribes into which they may fall can not be determined. CURCULIONID.2—CURCULIONIN .E—PHYTONOMINI, 87 Here it will readily be seen that the greatest and the only conspicuous differences between the American and European Tertiaries lie, on the one side, in the Cleonini, which contain nearly one-third of the Curculioninz of the European deposits, and hardly more than 7 per cent of those of the American; and ou the other side, in the Anthonomini, which do not exist at all in the European Tertiaries, but form nearly one-fourth of the American Tertiary Curculionine, and in the Barini, which comprise nearly 16 per cent of the American Curculioninze and hardly 3 per cent of the European. No such striking differences appear in comparing the numerical preponderance of the tribes in the recent and fossil Cureculionins of North America, the greatest disparity appearing in the reverse proportions of the Anthonomini and the Cryptorhynchini, the former being relatively more than twice as important in the Tertiaries as now, the latter more than twice as important now as in the Tertiaries, and in the Hylobiini, where the fossils, though not numerous, formed 10 per cent of the total fauna in Tertiary times, while they hold only one-fourth of that percentage in the existing fauna; a rela- tion again nearly reversed in a group of greater importance in recent times, ‘the Phytonomini, where the percentage to the whole fauna is now nearly three times greater than it was in Tertiary times. In all other cases the difference between recent and Tertiary times, where the tribe was repre- sented at all, is insignificant. In all these cases of distinction between the recent and Tertiary representation, excepting only in the Phytonomini, the disparity would have appeared still greater if the Tertiary Curculionin: of Europe had been compared with the recent fauna of North America; from which we may conclude that as far as the Curculioninze are concerned, the Tertiary fauna of America shows ‘closer relationship to the existing Ameri- can fauna than does the European Tertiary fauna. Tribe PHYTONOMINI. Two genera of this group, Phytonomus and Hypera, two species of the former, one of the latter, have been recognized in the European 'Tertiaries in the Oligocene of Aix, Provence; in the American Tertiaries, two species have been found, one each of Lepyrus and Listronotus, in the Green River deposits. 88 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. LEPYRUS Germar. A boreal genus, found in both worlds, with a very limited number of species. North America possesses three, mostly found north of our borders and in the western half of the continent. it has never been recognized until now among the fossils, and our species from Green River is~retcrred here with much doubt. Lepyrus? EvICTUS. Pl x, Wig 10: A single specimen and its reverse show an elytron and a portion of the abdominal segments, the latter in all respects resembling Lepyrus. The elytron has the form and general appearance of that of LZ. colon Gyll.; the striz, however, are separated by equal intervals, and the interspaces are feebly convex and not flat, but again are similarly subrugulose, and the depth and breadth of the striz are similar, as also their union posteriorly with one another. Length of elytron, 65™; breadth 2°25™". Green River, Wyoming, from the bluffs behind the town. One specimen, Nos. 733 and 862, U. S. Geological Survey. LISTRONOTUS Jekel. A New World genus with tolerably numerous species in North America, mostly found east of the Rocky mountains. coarsely and not very densely punctate. Elytra no broader at base than the prothorax, the dorsal curve over both being uniform, with slender and moderately deep strize which are obscurely punctate. Legs moderately long, with moderately clavate femora, the fore tibize at least a little arcuate and moderately stout, their apex obscured. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°75""; rostrum, 1"; elytra, 2°35™™; height of body, 1:75™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 11784. gen. nov. NUMITOR (nom. propr.)', A genus of Erirhini remarkable for its very stout form, long legs, abruptly and strongly clavate femora, and stout first joint of the funicle. The rostrum is rather more than usually stout, as long as head and pro- thorax together; the antennz are inserted very near the tip of the beak, apparently nearer even than in Procas; the scrobes run directly toward the eye, but the scape does not quite attain them; the first and second joints of the funicle are elongated, the first a little longer than and nearly twice as stout as the second. Elytra somewhat of the form of those of Dorytomus. The femora appear to be unarmed, but are strongly and abruptly clavate in their apical half or two-fifths; the tibize are arcuate at base and slightly longer than the prothorax, truncate at tip, and apparently not at all mucronate. A single species is known and comes from Florissant. ‘A relative of Procas. 104 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHO RCUS COLEOPTERA. NUMITOR CLAVIGER. Pl. u, Fig. 6. Head feebly punctate, the eye very large, removed from the prothorax, rounded ovate, transverse; rostrum moderately stout, moderately and regu- larly arcuate, as long as head and prothorax together, apparently feebly punctate. Prothorax a third higher than long, tapering only next the apex, gently arched above, heavily and profusely punctate. Elytra punctato- striate, but apart from that with distant, very deep and sharp, rather small circular puncta. Under surface profusely and rather heavily punctate, as are apparently the thickened portions of the femora. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°5""; rostrum, 1°5"™; elytra, 2°25™"; middle femora, 1:75""; height of body, 2™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, Nos. 11283 and 13616. SMICRORHYNCHUS $ (Gyzxpos, pdyzos), gen. nov. I venture to discriminate from Smicronyx and its allies among the Desmorhines a little weevil having the general form and aspect of Desmoris and agreeing well with it in size, but more nearly allied to the minuter species of Smicronyx in the equal length of the second and third joints of the funicle of the antennee; it differs from all the genera of this group in the equality of all three of the basal joints of the funicle. The beak is as long as the head and prothorax together, marked by a basal constriction, and is slightly enlarged throughout its apical half; the antennz are inserted before the middle of the rostrum, but the scape barely reaches the eyes; the first, second, and third joints of the funicle are a little elongated, equal, and equally slender, each about twice as long as broad; the remaining joints are a little shorter, the club rather stout ovate. Prothorax apparently with- out postocular lobes. The body is well arched, and highest in the middle of the abdomen, behind which the elytra are strongly though not abruptly declivent. A single species is known, and comes from Florissant. CURCULIONIDH—CURCULIONIN 2—ERIRHININI. 105 SMICRORHYNCHUS MACGEEI. Pl. v1, Fig. 6. Head nearly smooth in front, but posteriorly, profusely, and rather coarsely punctate, like the prothorax, though not quite so heavily; eye very large, ovate, transverse ; rostrum as long as head and prothorax together, tapering gently at the base, but again enlarging on the apical half, very gently arcuate, longitudinally finely striate in the apical half. Prothorax half as broad or high again as long, quadratiform, with well rounded sides. Base of elytra considerably broader than the thorax; striae finely impressed and punctate, the puncta circular, slight, small, and attingent; interspaces flat, feebly but profusely punctulate. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°75"; rostrum, 12™"; elytra, 2°5™™; width of thorax, 1:35™"; height of body, 1:75™™. Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 4258 and 7596, 9293, S. H. Scudder; No. 771, U.S. Geological Survey. Named for my friend and colleague on the U.S. Geological Survey, Mr. W. J. McGee, of Washington. ERIRHINUS Schonherr. This is an Old World type, the species from North America former] ’ ME placed here being now regarded as distinct. It has been recognized as fossil by Oustalet in a single species at Aix, and one has been indicated from amber by Motschulsky, under the name Erirhinoides. Wi Mi The species here included in this genus is so placed only as typical of i s ] : vir the Erirhinini. Its much briefer rostrum, as well as the exceptional size of the head, forbids its being classed here in any strict sense; but as I can find no genus to which it appears nearly allied among our Erirhinini (to which from its general characters it appears to belong, although the abdominal segments are equal in length), it is provisionally placed here. ERIRHINUS DORMITUS. PE wo) Fie. 21: Body very stout and compact, hardly more than half as long again as broad. Head very large, three-fourths as long as the prothorax, twice as 106 . TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. broad at base, well rounded, feebly and rather coarsely punctate; eye rather large, transversely ovate; rostrum as long as the head, moderately stout, scarcely arcuate, subacuminate at tip. Prothorax nearly twice as high as long, well arched, feebly punctate, and obliquely striate. Elytra obscure, but plainly striate, rather finely and apparently delicately punctato-striate. Femora rather stout; tibiz straight, and, especially the fore tibiz, rather long. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 4°25™"; rostrum, 0°9""; height of body, 2°75". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 8845. Tribe MAGDALINI. This tribe, composed in America of the single genus Magdalis, is repre- sented by this genus alone in the Tertiary deposits, whether of Europe or America. In Europe two species have been described from Rott; in America one only is found at Florissant. MAGDALIS Germar. A genus rather richer in forms in Europe than in North America, where we recognize seventeen widely-distributed species, while a couple of species are found in South America and one in Australia. Heyden describes a couple of species (Magdalinus) from the Tertiaries of Rott. I place here a single fossil species from Florissant, which, from the general character of the antenn (though the jointing of the funicle is not clear), and the prominent hind angles of the prothorax, as well as by its general aspect, seems to belong certainly in its neighborhood, but which, after all, differs considera- bly from it in the structure of the elytra and the early insertion of the antennee, by which the scape is made to reach the very middle of the eye. Both the species described from Rott, and especially M. deucalionis, are much larger than ours, which resembles M. deucalionis rather than the other, but is still well removed from it. CURCULIONIDA3X—CURCU LIONIN-E—ANTHONOMINI. 107 MAGDALIS SEDIMENTORUM. Pb « sieve, Huon 3. Heaa with the same surface sculpture as the thorax, but less pronounced; the eye circular, situated low down on the sides, removed from the front border of the prothorax ; beak longitudinally striate, as long as head and thorax together, apically imperfect in the single specimen, very gently and regularly curved; antennz inserted distinctly before the middle of the beak, the seape attaining the middle of the eyes, the club stout oval ; joints of the funicle not clearly determinable. Prothorax one-third higher than long, gently tapering forward, with prominent hind angles and the surface closely and rather coarsely and distinctly punctate. Elytra less than twice as long as broad, broadly rounded at tip, exposing the pygidium, very sparsely and feebly punctate, each puncture at the base of a short hair and with only the feeblest and vaguest signs of any longitudinal striation. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 2°15""; rostrum, 1:25™™; elytra, E652 vamtennses 2s widthiok thorax 12°" Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 500. Tribe ANTHONOMINI. This tribe, now represented in America by a considerable number of species, though not rich in generic types, and entirely absent from European Tertiary deposits, is one of the most important of the Curculionine in the Tertiaries of America, the number of generic types which have been dis- covered being as great as now, Elleschus being the only one not recognized, and its place is made good by an extinct type, Cremastorhynechus, with a single species. Acalyptus, Orchestes, and Macrorhoptus have each a single species, Coccotorus two, and all of these come exclusively from Florissant; as in the existing fauna, however, Anthonomus is far the best represented, being in fact the richest species of any of our fossil Rhynchophora, having ten species tolerably numerous in individuals, and all but two, which come from the Gosiute fauna, are likewise restricted to Florissant. 108 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. ACALYPTUS Schénherr. A genus containing only three or four species, mostly European; but one found in the East Indies; one of the European species oceurs also in North America, and a single fossil species has been found at Florissant. ACALYPTUS OBTUSUS. Pl. v1, Fig. 10. I refer to this genus one of the smallest of our fossil Anthonomini from its close general resemblance to A. rwjipennis Schonh., figured by Du Val, with entire agreement in all the details of the structure which can be studied. The body is stout and compact, tapering considerably and rather rapidly from the middle of the abdomen forward. The head is subeconieal, half as high again as long, feebly punctate and below transversely, finely, and feebly striate; the eye circular, of about the diameter of the beak, with about sixty large facets, each slightly less than 0-015" in diameter; the beak is long and slender, somewhat longer than head and thorax together, gently arcuate and equal. The antennze appear to be inserted and formed precisely as in A. rufipennis, with the same proportional lengths, so far as can be seen; the club, however, is obscure. The thorax is well rounded, tapering, about half as high again as long, very coarsely punctate. The elytra are well arched, much broader in the middle than elsewhere, and rather coarsely punctato-striate, and the interspaces show feeble signs of sparse and shallow punctuation. Length, excluding rostrum, 2-4"; rostrum, 0-7"; height of body at base of thorax, 0-77"; at middle of abdomen, 1:2™". Florissant, Colorado. -Three specimens, Nos. 490, 4517, 9076. COCCOTORUS LeConte. This genus was founded upon a single species, which is still the only one known, and is found in the United States east of the Rocky mountains. It is interesting to find two fossil species both of which occur only at Florissant, and hence are probably characteristic of the Lacustrine fauna. CURCULIONID-E—CURCULIC NIN E—ANTHONOMINI. 109 Table of the species of Coccotorus. A Longer diameter of eye not greater than width of rostrum; rostrum distinctly ARG A TRO TR eee Se DEAE SE OOF oe Cain i aie Ral aes _-principalis. Longer diameter of eye distinctly greater than width of rostrum; rostrum nearly Fie aie Jody ovate, about twice as long as broad, the dorsal curve regular and considerable. Tlead fully half as long as high, minutely punctate; eyes obliquely oval, moderately large, situated low; beak slender, equal, gently CURCULIONID A —CURCULIONINA—BARINI. 139 and regularly arcuate, slightly longer than the prothorax ; antenne appar- ently inserted just beyond the middle of the beak, the scape reaching the eyes, the funicle and club together about three-fourths as long as the beak, the last three joimts with the faintly delimited club forming a gradually thickening mass with joints of subequal length. Prothorax hardly half as high again as long, a little full, tapering somewhat rapidly, with no postocular lobes, the surface densely and not coarsely punctate. Under surface of the body more sparsely and coarsely punctate. Femora punctate. Elytra two and a half times longer than broad, apically subacuminate, delicately punctato-striate, the striz tolerably sharp and deep. The structure of the antennze shows that it can not be strictly placed in Centrinus, for the apical joints of the funicle pass insensibly into the club. Length of body, excluding rostrum, 5:3"; rostrum, 1:4™™+ height of body, 2-4". The specimen measured is the slenderest. Florissant, Colorado. Seven specimens, Nos. 2219, 4304, 6474, 7224, 7643, 8507, 13648. CENTRINUS DIRUPTUS. Pix, Biss3: Body elongate ovate, about twice as long as broad, tapering much in front, the dorsal curve slight and regular. Head less than half as long as high, with not very fine punctuation; eyes transversely oval, very large, the longer diameter twice the width of the rostrum; funicle and club of antennze together much shorter than the beak, the funicle six-jointed; ros- trum slender, equal, gently arcuate, a little longer than the prothorax. Pro- thorax about half as high again as its middle length, without postocular lobes, much longer above than below, not very full, tapering considerably, coarsely and irregularly punctate, giving it a scabrous appearance, much subdued on the under surface of the body, which is similarly marked. Elytra a little more than twice as long as broad, obscurely punctato-striate, the apex broadly rounded. Length, excluding rostrum, 5™"; rostrum, 11"; height of body, 2°5™™. Green River, Wyoming. One specimen, No. 250, Dr. A. S. Packard. 140 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. CATOBARIS (xa@7@, Baris, nom. gen.) gen. nov. Among the Barini from Florissant is a single species which from its form it is impossible to place in any of the known genera and for which, consequently, the above name is proposed. It is of a pretty large size for the group, with parallel sides, the head and prothorax together forming a bullate mass, which is broadest and subangulate just behind the front margin of the prothorax, where it is fully as broad as the elytra, though at base it is much narrower. There are no postocular lobes. The beak is unfortu- nately broken in the only specimen known, but it is rather slender, and the antenne, part only of which are preserved, are evidently short, have rather a stout ovate club, and the terminal joint of the funicle is cuneiform. The femora are nearly as long as the breadth of the body aud very much ex- panded, while the tibia, or some of them at any rate, are arcuate. SATOBARIS CGENOSA. Pl xm, Bie: 4 Head very broad and short, well rounded in front, feebly punctate ; eyes rather small, round-oval, transverse ; beak rather slender, regularly and gently arcuate, broken in the single specimen known, but at least half as long as the prothorax, somewhat striate. Prothorax half as broad again as long, with strongly arcuate subangulate sides, the angulation in the middle of the anterior half, hardly four-fifths the width of the elytra at base, the front margin gently arcuate, opening forward, the surface densely, rather coarsely, and uniformly punctate. Elytra about two and a half times as long as broad, equal, rounded subacuminate at tip, apically parted to show the pygidium, the humeri well rounded, the surface striate with faint signs of punctuation in the striz, the interspaces Hat and unmarked. Femora feebly and finely punctate. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°3""; breadth, 1°8™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 11278. ’ ’ CURCULIONIDA.—BALANIN-AE. 141 Subfamily BALANIN 42-. . As the only fossil species of this family have been referred to the genus Balaninus, the reader is referred to that genus for general remarks concern- ing them. BALANINUS Germar. The genus Balaninus comprises nearly fifty species, most of which belong to the northern hemisphere; in America, where eight species occur, none are found south of the United States. A couple of species have been found fossil in Europe, one at Aix and one at Kutschlin. while in America no less than six species occur and are found exclusively at Florissant, so that the genus may be regarded as very characteristic of the Lacustrine fauna. The Kutschlin species, Bb. gemitzi Deichmiiller, seems to be not far removed from our B. minusculus. : The species here’ referred to Balaninus differ from modern types in the brevity of the rostrum, which nevertheless is longer than in nearly all other fossil Rhynchophora. Whether or not males only have been found can hardly be told, but in no case does the rostrum nearly equal the body in length, and in some it is only half as long. Table of the species of Balaninus. Rostrum only about half as long as the body, or less. Rostrum much longer than head and prothorax together. Basal half of rostrum considerably arcuate........-.....-.--.--- anicularis. Basal half of rostrum nearly straight. Larger species with coarse markings; rostrum gently arcuate. .restrictus. Smaller species with fine markings; rostrum strongly arcuate .minusculus. Rostrum no longer than head and prothorax together................ Semoratus. Rostrum about two-thirds as long as the body. Larger species, with regularly and moderately arcuate rostrum... .--.--- duttoni. Smaller species, with strongly arcuate rostrum, bent in the middle so that the two ends are nearly at right angles -..-....---...:.......-- flexirostris. 142 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. BALANINUS ANICULARIS. Pl. yr, Fig. 16: Body stout. Head very short; eye moderately small, circular, touch- ing the prothorax; beak regularly and considerably arcuate, about half as long as the body, moderately slender; antennze with the first joint of the funicle slightky shorter than the second, the whole funicle and ovate club together a little shorter than the beak. Thorax nearly twice as high as long, rather rapidly tapering and rounded, the surface densely and rather finely punctate. Elytra a little less than twice as long as broad, with deeply impressed, rather finely punctate strize, the interspaces apparently flat and very faintly, rather finely, and distantly punctate. Legs rather stout. Length, excluding rostrum, 8°5™"; of rostrum, 45""; height, 4™. Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 409, 7645, 10874. BALANINUS RESTRICTUS. Pin, Pie 25: A single somewhat imperfect specimen is all there is at hand to repre- sent this species. The body is stout, the head very short; eyes of medium size, circular, slightly separated from the front margin of the prothorax; beak about half the length of the body, slender, somewhat arcuate, but mostly at and beyond the middle. Prothorax apparently about half as broad again as long and tapering, but to how great a degree can hardly be seen, the surface somewhat densely and rather finely punctate, with some indications of transverse wrinkling. Elytra apparently fully twice as long as broad, with surface sculpture much as in B. anicularis, but with more distinct and slightly coarser strial punctuation. Fore legs very long, the femora stout, but the tibiae-very slender, the lobes of the third tarsal joint very long and slender. Length, excluding rostrum, 7"; rostrum, 3-4"; breadth of body, 4". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 8768. CURCULIONID/—BALANINA. 143 BALANINUS MINUSCULUS. Ply yu, Piss 12. Body stout, head not very short, nor very broad; eye small, circular, situated at the base of the beak, distant from the margin of the prothorax ) g } by nearly its own diameter; beak moderately slender, recularly and eently my d y ) to) d fo) y arcuate throughout, scarcely half as lone as the body; antennee, including oD » t=) aa? ») foo) the funiculus and rather slender club, about four-fifths as long as the beak. Prothorax nearly twice as high as lone, tapering very rapidly with ) g g; g Y rapidty rounded sides, densely and finely punctate. Elytra about twice as long as broad, with deeply and sharply impressed, scarcely punctate striae, the inter- ) p 4 ) spaces flat and nearly or quite smooth. Legs rather long, the femora rather heavily clavate, the tibiz rather slender, the lobes of the third tarsal joint rather small and slender. Length, excluding rostrum, 4°5""; rostrum, 2"; height, 2°25". This is the smallest fossil species. Florissant, Colorado. Two specimens, Nos. 11253 and 13628, 8S. H. ) p ’ ) Seudder; No. 763, U.S. Geological Survey. BALANINUS FEMORATUS. Piva, Piel 559 Pl xm, Wiss 6. The body is moderately stout, rapidly tapering in front, the head rela- tively small; eyes moderately large, circular; beak regularly and gently arcuate, slightly incurved at tip, no longer than head and prothorax together; antennze, with the joints of the funicle very long and slender, the second joint apparently double the length of the first, the whole funicle and club together longer than the rostrum. Prothorax fully half as high again as long, regularly and rapidly tapering, the surface densely and not very finely punctate. Elytra fully twice as long as broad, with distinctly but finely punctate stria. Hind femora very long and apically, abruptly, and consid- erably clavate, as long as the width of the body; other femora not so long, but similarly though less conspicuously clavate; all the tibiee straight and slender, the lobes of the last tarsal joint rather small. 144 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Length, excluding rostrum, 3°9""; rostrum, 1°3""; height of body, 2-2". Florissant, Colorado. ‘Three specimens, No. 966, U. 8. Geological Survey; Nos. 3022 and 3024, R. D. Lacoe; No. 8623, 8. H. Scudder. BALANINUS DUTTONI. Pl. vu, Fig. 14. dody rather stout. Head short, but broad at base; eyes moderately small, subcireular, touching the margin of the prothorax; beak nearly two- thirds as long as the body, very slender, arcuate moderately and almost equally throughout, but especially in the apical two-thirds; antennze with the first and second joints of the funicle of equal length, the whole funicle and small elongate oval club together about two-thirds as long as the rostrum. Prothorax about half as high again as long, rapidly tapering with rounded sides, the surface densely and not very finely punctate, appearing in reverse as crowded bead-like lenticles, showing next the base a tendency to connect in transverse, more or less irregular ruge. Elytre barely twice as long as broad, with deeply and sharply impressed, rather coarse striz, having more or less distinct longitudinal punctures scarcely widening the striae; interspaces flat or scarcely arched, with distant, very faint, minute puncta. Legs pretty long, with stout clavate femora and slender tibiz. Length, excluding rostrum, 9-9°5""; rostrum, 5:5"; height, 4:5™™; breadth of thorax, 5"; of base of elytra, 6™", This is the largest of our fossil species. Florissant, Colorado. Three specimens, Nos. 7324, 8528, 11263. This species is dedicated to Capt. C. EK. Dutton, U. 8. Army, my hon- ored colleague on the U. 8. Geological Survey. BALANINUS FLEXIROSTRIS. 2 y Beas, Pl. vir, Fig. 9. Form moderately stout; the head and prothorax longer in proportion to the elytra than in-the other species. Head not short, broad, and large, transversely microscopically striate behind the eye; eye very large, trans- verse, broad ovate, separated from the front margin of the prothorax. by ? oD } CALANDRIDA—CALANDRIN 2. 145 more than half its shorter diameter, the facets distinctly visible with a power of 14 diameters, or about 0°02™ in diameter; rostrum very strongly arcuate, most strongly in the middle, so that the two extremities are nearly at right angles to each other, very slender, and fully two-thirds as long as the body; funicle and slender elongate pointed ovate club of antennz together about half as long as the rostrum, the first joint of the funicle slightly longer and considerably stouter than the second. Prothorax large and stout, scarcely half as high again as long, tapering moderately with rounded sides, the surface densely and not very finely punctate. Elytra about twice as long as broad, with deep and sharp, moderately slender, faintly punctate strize, the interspaces flat and very sparsely and faintly rugulose. Legs moder- ately long, the tibix not very slender, the third tarsal joint with rather large and rather slender lobes. Length, excluding rostrum, 6"; rostrum, 4:25™; height, 2:6™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, Nos. 12035 and 12765. Family CALANDRID “4. This family was not very well represented in America in Tertiary times, its proportion of species to the whole body of Rhynchophora standing some- what below the present proportion. One of its existing subfamilies, the Rhininee, represented in America to-day by only a single species, is unknown in both the European and American Tertiaries, but the other two subfamilies occur in each country, and in proportions not greatly differing from those now existing, though in both countries the Cossoninze appear to stand a little above, the Calandrinz a little below, their present numerical importance. The total number of fossil species known is sixteen, of which the larger portion come from America. Subfamily CALANDRIN A. Of the three tribes into which the existing American species of this subfamily fall, the Rhynchophorini alone are not represented in Tertiary ' deposits; the other two are found both in Europe and America, but with more species in the latter. The Sphenophorini are as now, but by no means to the same extent as now, the most numerous. MON XxI——10 146 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Tribe SPHENOPHORINT: Three species of this tribe have been discovered in the Tertiary deposits of Europe and four in America. All of the former, found at Oeningen and at Rott, have been referred to Sphenophorus. In America two of the species, from Florissant, belong to Seyphophorus, while each of the other two, one from Florissant and the other from the Roan mountains, is regarded as the type of a distmct genus. Table of the genera of Sphenophorini. Prothorax prolonged in front to form a hood-like covering to the head. .. . Sciabregma. Prothorax normal. : Elytra apically truncate, exposing a large pygidium; antennie of usual stout- TVS Se Scyphophorus. Elytra not apically truncate, the exposed pygidium small; antenne exceptionally small and slender ..... Rt SE MTS Bott Oryctorhinus. SCIABREGMA (oxa, Gpéyma), gen. noy. This name is proposed for what is certainly a remarkable form of Ca- landridee, or, indeed, of Rhynchophora, in which the upper anterior portion of the prothorax is produced to form an overarching frontal guard to the head, nearly or quite as long as the rest of the prothorax itself. There are many Rhynchophora, which, from the emargination of the sides of the prothorax to uncover the otherwise partly eclipsed eyes, appear, on a side view, to show a tendency to some forward projection of the uppér portion, but on viewing them above, nothing of the kind appears. Here, however, the front is prolonged to an excessive distance, and curves downward in addition, thoroughly protecting the head, but in no way interfering with the drooping beak. A similar development is seen in some exotic Curcu- lionidee, as Plagycorynus, Anchonus, and Pileophorus. It appears to resemble most the Sphenophorini, though the needed characteristic parts to determine this are not preserved. The head is short, the beak gently curved, nearly or quite as long as the body of the prothorax, slender, growing gradually stouter at the base; the eyes are small and circular. The prothorax, including the frontal projection, is coarsely rugose, CALANDRIDA—CALANDPRIN.E—SPHENOPHORINI. IAT The elytra are long and slender, heavily ridged, and granulated. The mesosternum is apparently rather long, the insertion of the legs appearing to be equidistant. A single species is known, from western Colorado. ScIABREGMA RUGOSA. PE xn, Big: 8. Head rather short, but otherwise pretty large, apparently smooth with some curving ridges around the eyes; what are possibly the traces of an antenna show a slender scape fully two-thirds as long as the beak and a funicle, less distinct, perhaps as long as the scape. Prothorax very rugose, made up of large, rather crowded granulations, showing some tendency to a longitudinal arrangement, especially at the sides and on the arcuate frontal process; sides of front margin nearly vertical, a little oblique, at a little less than a right angle with the lower margin of the frontal process; elytra with alternating close series of tubercular ridges and plain suleations, the tubercles corresponding in weight to the rugosities of the prothorax, the whole surface also marked faintly with irregularly and indiscriminately scattered, shallow, tolerably coarse punctures. Femora stout, especially at the distal extremity, subequal, about as long as the body of the prothorax, the surface with faint scattered small granules. Length, 7"; breadth, as seen laterally, 1:97"; length of rostrum, 125eo: Roan mountains, western Colorado, uppermost layers. One specimen, No. 91, U. S. Geological Survey. SCYPHOPHORUS Schonherr. An American type with few species, found within or near the tropics. Three species are recorded from the United States, but were regarded by Le Conte as “rather opinionative than actual.” It lias never before been found fossil, but I place a couple of species in this genus, though with some doubt, principally on account of the much more gradual forward tapering of the thorax and the lack of any expansion of the base of the rostrum. 148 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. There can, however, be no doubt of their close relationship to Scypho- phorus, the living species of which are parasitic on Yucea. I can not dis- cover in literature any indication that Yucca has ever been found fossil anywhere.’ Both the species occur at Florissant, and may perhaps be regarded as characteristic of the Lacustrine fauna. Table of the species of Scyphophorus. Thorax broadest beyond the base, half as long as the abdomen. . - - -- - RASS levis Thorax broadest at the base, only one-third as long as the abdomen. ....-.-. Fossionis. SCYPHUPHORUS LAVIS. Pl. a, Fig. -26. Head smooth; rostrum as seen from above extending as far in front of the head as the length of the head, with no basal enlargement. Thorax large, scarcely so broad at base as the elytra, tapering, with rounded sides, narrowing from the middle of the basal half and therefore much more coni- cal than in living species, the surface rather coarsely, faintly, and distantly punctate. Elytra regularly striate, but as if made by a series of confluent longitudinal punctures, the reverse showing a faintly broken ridge, the ap- pearance of which is exaggerated on the plate; interspaces perfectly smooth without trace of punctures. Last (exposed) abdominal segment moderately coarsely and closely punctate. Length, excluding snout, 11°5™"; of elytra, 55™"; breadth, at base of elytra, 5™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 11779. ScYPHOPHORUS FOSSIONIS. b y so PL. vi, Fig. 13. Body long oval, largest in the middle of the elytra. Head apparently smooth; rostrum, as seen from above, two-thirds as long as the thorax, not only with no basal expansion, but apparently slightly larger apically than basally; club of antennze very short, stout oval, the three final joints of the funicle subequal, short, subpyriform, together a little longer than the club. Thorax not very large, the sides continuing without interruption the forward tapering of the body, and tapering, therefore, from the base, the apex half ' But see Third Annual Report Missouri Botanical Garden, 1892, p. 160. CALANDRIDA—CALANDRIN 2—SPH ENOPHORINI. 149 as broad as the base, the surface apparently faintly punctate. Elytra terminating above the middle of the third abdominal segment, regularly striate, the striz rather broad, feeble, and impunctate, the interspaces slightly roughened. : Length, excluding snout, 9-35™"; elytra, 5°35"; breadth at base of elytra, 3:35"; greatest breadth, 4". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 14438. ORYCTORHINUS (opvxros, pz/s) gen. noy. The general appearance of this insect, with its long metasternum, throwiag the insertion of the hind legs well behind the middle of the body, makes it clear that it belongs to this family. Its great size, and the exposure of the pygidium, bring it into the subfamily Calandrinz, and the shape of the mesothoracic and metathoracic epimera requires that it should be referred to the Sphenophorini. That it can not be referred to any existing genera of this group—at least any regarding which I have been able to obtain information—is clear; for though the mesothoracic epimera are externally truncate, they are narrowed and rounded at the outer anterior angle, much reducing the breadth of the truncation, and, besides, the club of the antennz is oval and not wedge-shaped, in both features showing a decided affinity to the Calandrini. The antennze are unusually small and slender, the entire length of the funicle and club combined being hardly more than twice the width of the rostrum, and the scape being no longer than the distance of the insertion of the antennie beyond the base of the rostrum. The anterior coxze are separated by a little less than half the width of the coxal cavities, that is, not very narrowly ; the mesothoracic coxe by a little less than the entire width of the coxal cavities ; and the metathoracic coxe by a very little more, a feature which appears to be quite exceptional. I know of only a single species, from Florissant. ORYCTORHINUS TENUIROSTRIS. Ripe Mies LO! A large species, one of the largest of the Rhynchophora, represented by asingle specimen presenting a dorsal or ventral aspect, both surfaces 150 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. : showing at the same time. The head is short and basally broad; the rostrum very slender, reaching forward so as to show nearly as long as the pronotum. Pronotum subrugulose, the granulations faint, and obscure next the middle; on the sides moderately large and distant, between the two smaller, more numerous, and showing a tendency to a transverse arrange- ment. Elytra with numerous equidistant striz, apparently about twenty in number, Length of body, excluding rostrum, 13""; breadth of same, 6""; length of rostrum in advance of head, as seen from above, 2°2""; breadth, 0°55™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 474. Tribe CALANDRINI. A species of Calandra, according to Pictet, was recognized by Serres at Aix, and alone represents this tribe in the European Tertiaries. In America two species found in the Gosiute fauna, and consisting of elytra only, are referred to Calandrites. CALANDRITES (Calandra, nom. gen.) gen. nov. Under this head I place a couple of species represented only by elytra which seem from their elongate form and the character of their markings to be not far removed from the much smaller species of the old genus Calan- dra, though it is certainly possible that they may belong in a very different group. They both belong to rather large species, and agree in having ten punctured striae. Both come from the Roan mountains, Colorado, and Green River, Wyoming. Table of the species of Calandrites. Elytral strive relatively broad and shallow, the punctures dull and coarse. - . .defessus. Elytral strize relatively sharp and deep, the punctures fine and deep... --- cineratius, CALANDRITES DEFESSUS. , bet F Pl sar, ice gts. None of the specimens preserved are very perfect or well preserved, but together they show that the elytron was about two and a third times CALANDRIDAS—COSSONIN 45. fae longer than broad, laterally arcuate, there being a considerable emargina- tion of the middle of the outer border, the humeral angle not rounded, the striz rather feebly impressed and moderately broad, the puncta coarse, blunt, not very deep, and circular, but growing smaller and sharper toward the apex; the interspaces are but little arched. Length, 5°9-6:2""; breadth, 2-4—2-7™™. Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the richest beds at top of bluff rising at head of East Salt creek. Three specimens, Nos. 146, 185, 302, U. S. Geological Survey. Green River, Wyoming, from the bluffs behind the town. One specimen, No. 871, U.S. Geological Survey. CALANDRITES CINERATIUS. ie xan ioe dio. The specimens are all composed of single detached elytra, which are about two and a third times longer than broad, laterally arcuate, but with only a slight emargination of the outer border (though some show more than others), the humeral angle well 1 vunded; the striz are rather sharp, narrow, and rather deeply impressed, the interspaces broadly arched, and the puncta small, deep, and circular, becoming finer at the apex. : Length, 5°5-6:3"™; average, 5:°8""; breadth, 2°3-2°6"™"; average, 2°5™". Roan mountains, western Colorado, from the richest beds at summit of crest overlooking head of Kast Salt creek. Hight specimens, Nos. 49, 140, 151, 167, 206, 1019 and 1020, 1041, 1054, U.S. Geological Survey. From near the same beds. [Four specimens, Nos. 72, 180, 957, 1053, U. S. Geo- logical Survey. Green River, Wyoming, from the bluffs behind the town. One specimen, No. 756, U.S. Geological Survey. Subfamily COSSONIN 2A. Although the Rhyncolini holds the middle place in point of numbers among the existing tribes of Cossoninze in America, it is unrepresented both in the European and American Tertiaries. he Dryophthorini and Cossonini, very unequally represented now in America, are both known in our Tertiaries by a couple of species, but only one of them (and the richest, the Cossonini) has been recognized in Kurope, where three species occur. 152 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Tribe DRYOPHTHORINI. This tribe has been recognized in a fossil state only in America, where in our western Tertiaries at Florissant two species occur, each referred to a distinct and extinct genus. Table of the genera of Dryophthorini. Many, probably seven, joints in the funicle of the antennwe..........-... Spodotribus. Few, not more than three, joints in the funicle of the antenne-.--..-.-- Lithophthorus. SPODOTRIBUS (ez000s, rp/f@), gen. nov. This insect, which seems to belong in the Dryophthorini, differs from either of the groups included therein by Le Conte and Horn. The meta- sternum is apparently long and the funicle of the antenne is composed of numerous, probably seven, joints; the eyes, too, are situated almost upon the beak, and are composed of relatively few lenses, but are not prominent, and the head has the slightest possible constriction behind the eyes, a little in advance of the middle. The body is elongate. The head is of excep- tionally great length, though only half as long as high, subconical, with rounded contours; the beak is as long as the prothorax, moderately stout, equal, and very gently curved; the antenne are inserted at three-fifths the distance from the base, have a slender scape reaching nearly to the eyes, a funicle of apparently seven, so far as can be seen equal and quadrate, joints, together as long as the scape, and an elongate oval club, several times longer than broad and fully twice as broad as the funicle; the eyes are rather small, short oval, obliquely transverse, the front margin overlapping the base ofthe beak. The prothorax is cylindrical, even, higher than long; the lees rather slender and not long, and the elytra ridged; the pygidium is appar- ently covered. A single species, from Florissant, has come to light. SPODOTRIBUS TERRULENTUS. Ply, Met W: 30th head and beak are very finely granulate, the granulations of the former showing a tendency to a transverse arrangement, and on the sides CALANDRIDAS—COSSONIN #®—DRYOPHTHORINI. 153 becoming converted into fine carinz, giving it a combed appearance; the constriction consists of a deeper but fine sulcation, which is farther from the beak above than below; the prothorax is more coarsely, very closely, and uniformly granulate, becoming finely rugulose anteriorly on the lower sides; the elytra are ridged, but not heavily, and also transversely subrugu- jose and rather finely and sparsely punctate. Length, excluding beak, 5-4™"; length of beak, 1:35"; height of body, shen”: Florissant, Colorado. Two specimens, Nos. 6915, 11310 and 13673. LITHOPHTHORUS (Az6os, pGe/p@), gen. nov. A genus of Dryophthorini, remarkable for the small number of joints in the funicle of the antennze, there being but two or at most three, while no living Cossoninze appear to have less than four. It has much the general aspect of a Gononotus, but with a shorter and straighter rostrum, and no rounded protuberances on the prothorax, though the sculpturing is in gen- eral similar. Head very short; the beak is about two-thirds as long as the prothorax, pretty stout and scarcely curved, with a transverse ridge just behind the eyes; these are small, superior, as high as the width of the mid- dle of the beak, with a nearly straight posterior margin; antennze inserted somewhat before the middle of the beak, the scape slender but enlarged at tip to nearly double its previous size, long enough just to fail of reaching the eyes; funicle shorter than the scape, composed of only two or at most three obovate joints, the club long oval, slender, composed of three joints, the last minute. Prothorax coarsely sculptured but even, except for some narrow, sinuate, lateral, longitudinal carinz, as in Gononotus. Elytra apparently subcostate. Middle and hind cox both equally and widely separated. Mesosternum not very short, side pieces narrow. Abdominal segments exactly as in Gononotus. A single species has occurred, very large for a member of this tribe, at Florissant. 154 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA, LITHOPHTHORUS RUGOSICOLLIS. Pl. 11, Fig. 20. Although the head is almost perfectly smooth and glistening, with only seattered dots of granules behind the rather prominent transverse ridge or fold behind the eye, the beak is coarsely rugose, almost as coarsely so as the prothorax where the crowded granulations are larger and more prominent above than on the sides; a sinuate or bent slender longitudinal ridge tray- erses the pronotum near the lower base of the elytra; the latter besides the costze have crowded longitudinal series of granulations, and the whole under surface of the body appears to be similarly but less conspicuously granulate, especially less so on the abdominal segments. Length, exclusive of beak, 4°75""; breadth, as preserved ona partially side view, 2°5™"; length of beak beyond front of eyes, 1™; breadth of same, 0:3™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 5251. Tribe COSSONINI. All the fossil species of this tribe, three in Europe and two in America, are referred to the genus Cossonus. The European species come from Oeningen and Aix; the American from Florissant and the Roan mountains. COSSONUS Clairville. The numerous species of this genus are spread all over the globe, but America claims much the largest share of them and especially North America. In the United States only nine species are known, which are widely dis- tributed but mostly in the middle section of the country from Atlantic to Pacific. To this genus I provisionally refer two fossil species which are cer- tainly not congeneric but whose structure is as yet too imperfectly known to permit a closer determination. Three species from the European Tertiaries have formerly been referred to this genus, but have no very close affinities with ours. Two of them, the species from Oeningen, C. meriani Heer and C. spielbergiit Heer, are CALANDRID AiI—COSSONIN Z—COSSONINI. 155 considerably larger than either of those described below or than the Aix species, C. marionii Oust., which is midway in size between ours; but all of them, and notably the Aix species, have a much longer beak than either of ours. In general, but in a vague way, our C. gabbii most nearly resembles C. spielbergii; our other species can hardly be compared with any one of the European fossils, all of which, it seems to me, require renewed exami- nation. The Aix species in particular with its long and slender snout and very arched body can hardly be regarded as a Cossonus. Table of the species of Cossonus. 4 3} D Body more than four times as long as high, contracted at base of elytra; beak less than twice as long as broad; eyes oblique, anterior ........-.-.---------- rutus. Body less than three times as long as high, not contracted at base of elytra; beak fully twice as long as broad; eyes transverse, median..............------ gabbii. Cossonus RUTUS. = TNE nh Blan Hie. 7 A rather stout-bodied form with short and stout beak. Head and pro- thorax together forming without the beak a perfect half-oval, the beak about as long as the head and hardly twice as long as broad; eyes moder- ately large, more than half as long as the breadth of the beak, round-oval, oblique, the facets almost exactly 0:02" in diameter; head smooth. Pro- thorax fully half as high again as long, bluntly subrugose and very finely, faintly, and shallowly punctate. Elytra very finely and bluntly scabrous, broadly arched with faintly granulate, slightly elevated, slender carinie, the pygidium apparently covered. Length exclusive of beak, 4™™; height, 1:5™"; length of beak, 0-55". Roan mountains, western Colorado, uppermost layers. One specimen, Nos. 945 and 946, U. 8. Geological Survey. COSSONUS GABBII. Exe, hiss tt A slender, regular, oblong obovate form with rather short beak. Head moderately large, regular, apparently with the same sculpture as the pro- 156 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. thorax but less pronounced; eyes small, broad oval, less than half as long as the breadth of the beak, transverse, set far back ; beak somewhat longer than the head, somewhat more than twice as long as broad. Prothorax scarcely so long as high, not arched, coarsely and rather faintly punctate. Elytra not arched, poorly preserved but apparently shallowly striate, cover- ing the pygidium. Femora rather slender, rather longer than the snout. Length exclusive of beak, 8:5"; height, 0°75""; length of rostrum, Oda Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 2311. This species resembles in general form, proportions and size our C. impressifrons Boh. Named in memory of an industrious geologist and paleontologist, the late Mr. W. M. Gabb. Family SCOLYTID.A5. No family of Rhynchophora is so much more poorly represented in Tertiary deposits than in the living fauna as the present. This must doubt- less be accounted for in large measure by the habits of these insects, living as they do beneath the bark of trees, and therefore less exposed than the members of the other families to such accidents as would precipitate them to the bottom of lakes and ponds. In our own country they form less than 3 per cent of the Tertiary Rhynchophorous fauna, while in the existing fauna they compose more than 15 per cent of the whole. The Platypodinze are represented in the European Tertiaries by a couple of amber species of Platypus, but are not found in our rocks, while the Scolytines have the meager and equal number of five species in the Tertiary deposits of either continent. Subfamily SCOLYTIN AE. Of the three tribes into which the modern American species of this sub- family are divided, the least important, the Scolytini, have not been found fossil in America, though a species of Seolytus was recognized by Serres at Aix, in Provence. On the other hand, the Tomicini, relatively and abso- SCOLYTIDA1—SCOLYTIN.E—TOMICINI. 157 lutely so numerous in the living American fauna, have not been found in the European Tertiaries, though two species of Dryoccetes have been recog- nized in the American rocks. The remaining group, the Hylurgini, is found in the Tertiaries of both worlds, but has more species in Europe than in America. Tribe TOMICINI. A couple of species of Dryoccetes from Green River are the only fossils of this tribe known, whether in America or Europe, a number exceedingly small in comparison with its present development in America. DRYOCCETES Eichhorn. A genus of small beetles, less than two dozen in number, of which about three are North American, and one South American. It has been found fossil only at Green River, Wyoming, whence two species are known. ‘able of the species of Dryocetes. Punctures of elytra arranged to some extent in longitudinal series... .. - -- - iMPVessuUs. Punctures of elytra not distinctly serial anywhere .......-.-........--- carbonarius. DRyYOC@TES IMPRESSUS. Trypodendron impressus Scudd., Bull. U. 8. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., 11, 83 (1876). Dryocetes impressus Scudd., Bull, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Sury. Terr., Iv, 767-768 (1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 470, Pl. vim1, Fig. 28 (1890). Although several specimens of this species were at hand in preparing the original description, not a single one has since been found. Green River, Wyoming. DRYOC@TES CARBONARIUS. Dryocetes carbonarius Seudd., Bull. U. 8. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., Iv, 768 (1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 470-471, Pl. vit, Fig. 6 (1890). This species has not been found since the original specimen was obtained. Green River, Wyoming. 158 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Tribe HYLURGINI This tribe is represented in the European Tertiaries by two species of Hylesinus, found at Aix and Brunstatt, an undescribed species of Hylurgus recognized by Serres at Aix, and an amber species referred to Hylesinites by Germar. In America a species of Hylesinus occurs at Florissant, one of Polygraphus at the Roan mountains, and borings referred provisionally to Hylastes in the interglacial beds at Scarboro, Ontario. POLYGRAPHUS Erichson. A northern genus with only two species, one belonging to the Old World, the other to the New. The single fossil species referred below to this genus can certainly, from its much stouter form, not properly fall here, and is placed here only because it does not appear to be very distant from it. No fossil species has ever before been referred to this genus. PoLYGRAPHUS WORTHENI. : Mo 2 Pl xin hoe ioe A dorsal view of a single specimen showing prothorax and elytra is all that is preserved. The prothorax tapers rapidly forward, with rounded sides and a strongly convex front, giving a paraboloid curve to the front of the body; it shows a very faint median longitudinal impression and is pretty uniformly punctate, the puncta showing a tendency to a longitudinal arrangement, being more distant from those at either side than from those in front and behind; there are besides some finer punctuations on the disk. Elytra more than half as long again as their combined breadth, broadest in the middle and then rapidly tapering so as to make the form of the body pretty regularly long oval; the elytra are more distantly punctate than the prothorax, but the puncta are slightly larger and arranged in tolerably regular serial rows, in all about a dozen rows, separated by twice the diameter of the puncta, the puncta of the same row similarly separated. Length, 3™; breadth, 1-75™". Roan mountains, western Colorado. One specimen, No. 959, U.S. Geological Survey. Named in memory of the Illinois paleontologist, the late Prof. A. H. Worthen. SCOLYTID A—SCOLYTIN A—H YLURGINI. 159 HYLESINUS Fabricius. An abundant genus with thirty or forty species widely distributed, with about half a dozen species found in the United States. Three species have been found fossil in Europe, two at Aix and one at Brunstatt, and a single species in America at Florissant. The Aix species are not so far away from ours, but the species here described is referred to this genus only on account of its general appearance, though the great size of the head alone would seem properly to exclude it. HYLESINUS EXTRACTUS. Py pebion 2 The head is large, tumid, nearly half as large as the prothorax, smooth. Prothorax rectangular as seen laterally, a fourth higher than long, the sur- face closely and rather coarsely granular. Elytra more than twice as long as the prothorax, the outer margin flexed and margined precisely as in H. aculeatus Say, the surtace less coarsely granular than the prothorax, with faint sigus of longitudinal stria, not shown in the figure. Length, 2°77"; height, 1-2™"; length of teemina, 1°8™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 5647. HYLASTES Erichson. A genus almost confined to boreal regions in the two worlds, and of to} oD ’ which we have nine species in the United States and Canada. The fossil species placed here hesitatingly is known only by the burrows of the insect under the bark of juniper. HYLASTES ? SQUALIDENS. Scolytide sp., Scudd., Can. Ent., xvi, 194-196 (1886). Hylastes ? squalidens, Scudd., Tert. Ins. N. A., 468-469, Pl. 1, Figs. 23-25 (1890); Contr. Can. Pal. 1, 28-30 (1892). The borings of a beetle in a twig of juniper found in interglacial beds. given in my Tertiary coo) No further light has been thrown upon them than is Insects. Near Searboro, lake Ontario, Canada. “160 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Family AWN THREE Da In the American Tertiaries this family is unusually well developed, its proportional representation being considerably above what exists to-day. The relative numbers of the different tribes are similar to what we now find, and all the tribes are present except the Xenorchestini, which is the smallest to-day. The numbers of the Tropiderini, however, are above their present proportion, and those of the Arzeocerini below it. In the European Tertiaries neither the Tropiderini nor the Xenorchestini occur, while the actual numbers in the other groups are precisely as in the Amer- ican rocks. The total number of European fossil species is scarcely more than half that of the American. Tribe DROPIDERINTI: This tribe is wholly wanting in the European Tertiaries, but is very well represented in ours, having five species of four genera, of which two from Florissant, with one species each, represent extinet types, while the others are referred to Tropideres, one species each from Florissant and Green River, and Hormiscus from Green River. SAPERDIRHYNCHUS (Saperda, nom. gen., pvyzos), gen. nov. This striking genus of Anthribidze does not fall in any of the groups now recognized as living in North America, but rather belongs to one allied to our Ischnoceri termed Discotenides by Lacordaire; for the immensely long antenne are inserted on the sides of the rostrum, the antennal scrobes are circular and terminal, the rostrum is at base smaller than the head, the eyes are rounded and not longitudinal, and the prothoracie ridge is prebasal. This group, as defined by Lacordaire in 1866, consisted of only three genera, two of which were found in islands of the South Pacific ocean, the third, Discotenes, in Brazil. The present formis not very close to that genus, having a much shorter thorax, and antenn of different construction, somewhat resembling Cerambyrhynchus, a genus of another group found only inthe Pacific islands. The following are some of the details of the structure of the fossil type. ANTHRIBID ®—TROPIDERINI. 161 Head much longer than high ; rostrum nearly twice as long as the rest of the head, the front border arcuate; antennal scrobes subcircular, sharply defined, separated from the tip by less than their own width. Antenne fully half as long again as the body, slender, first joint globose, second of similar length but smaller, and shaped like the apical portion of the sueceed- ing third to ninth joints, which are elongate, subequal, apically clubbed, the enlarged apex of the ninth forming with the two succeeding, which are half as long again as broad, an elongate oval club about twice as stout as the stem of the middle jomts. Eyes small, oval, transverse. Prothorax apparently quadrate, slightly tapering, scarcely so broad as long. Elytra considerably longer than head and prothorax together, gently arched. Legs slender, the front pair similar to the others. A single species occurs at Florissant. SAPERDIRHYNCHUS PRISCOTITILEATOR. Pia Bie 12: ? oO Head (including also at least the basal half of rostrum, prothorax, and elytra) uniformly, finely, closely, and rather delicately granulate, the granules circular except on the elytra, where they show a tendency to become longi- tudinal, the cause perhaps of their presenting a pectinate appearance, though this is more probably due to the linear arrangement of the long re- cumbent hairs, which lie in series about a fiftieth of a millimeter apart; the elytra also show faint moderately narrow ridges about one-fifth of a millimeter apart more clearly on one stone than on the other. Antennze clothed sparsely with recumbent hairs half as long as the width of the joints; the joimts.are better shown on the vertical than on the oblique an- tenna on the plate. Length of body, 75™"; of head and rostrum, 3""; of elytra, 4:5™"; of antenne, 12™"; of one of the middle joints of antennze, 1°6™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, Nos 6000 and 6001. TROPIDERES Schoénherr. One of the most extensive genera of the family, having about fifty species, of which nearly half are found in America, the others in various MON XXI——I1 162 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. quarters of the globe. In the New World it is most abundant in the West India islands, and only a couple of species occur in the United States east of the Mississippi. Two species are found fossil in our Tertiaries—one at Florissant, Colorado, the other at Green River, Wyoming. Table of the species of Tropideres. Large species, reaching a length of 6"; head minutely punctate ........-- vastatus. Moderate-sized species, little exceeding 4"™ in length; head smooth.......-. remotus. TROPIDERES VASTATUS. Phin, ies: A single specimen, not very clearly preserved, lying upon its side, represents this species. It is clearly related very closely to Tropideres, if it does not belong to the genus in the restricted sense in which it is used by LeConte. It seems to have been moderately stout, uniformly black, and uniformly, densely, and very delicately granulose, or shallowly punctate, it is hard to say which. The beak is moderately stout, shorter than the head; it is badly represented in the plate, having an appearance wholly unlike a Tropideres; the antennze not much longer than the beak, the club composed of three subequal joints, fully twice as broad as the preceding, together forming an oval mass about two and a half times longer than broad; the eye is round oval, entire, transverse, and moderately prominent. The pro- thorax.is largest, though but slightly, at the prebasal ridge, and tapers for- ward remarkably little; the elytra have rather finely punctured strize, so closely crowded as to give the striz the appearance in the cast of nearly continuous ridges. Length, 6™"; height, 2°75™™; length of antenne, 1-6™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 12429. TROPIDERES REMOTUS. Pl. xu, Fig. 14. A single specimen, in which, unfortunately, the antenne are not pre- served, seems to belong here. The head is smooth, twice as broad as long, with rather small, circular, prominent eyes; the beak a little broader than ANTHRIBID.E—TROPIDERINI. 163 long, slightly enlarged apically, with rather stout mandibles. The prothorax is considerably broader than long, at base a little narrower than the elytra, tapering forward slightly, the front margin truncSte, the prebasal ridge exceedingly slight and straight, the surface roughened. Elytra fully two and a half times longer than broad, tapering a little on the apical half, the apex subacuminate, the striz very fine and slight, with slight traces of feeble punctuation. Length, 4:25™"; breadth, 1:8™. Green River, Wyoming. One specimen, No. 27, L. A. Lee. STIRADERES (6zezpa, dép7), gen. nov. An insect is placed in this new generic category which appears by its general aspect, moderately short antennz, and entire eyes to belong to the group Tropideres. It is mainly to be distinguished for the position of the prebasal prothoracic ridge, which is rectilinear and situated so far from the base as to be slightly in advance of the middle of the prothorax, a character which certainly occurs in none of our genera, and is apparently unique. The beak is unfortunately not well preserved, but is apparently short, not greatly longer than the large, broad-oval, obliquely longitudinal, prominent eyes. The antennz are a little longer than the head and pro- thorax together, rather stout, the middle joints not more than twice as long as broad, scarcely larger at apex than at base, the three apical joints quad- rate or even broader than long, hardly broader than the preceding, the last very bluntly rounded at tip, almost truncate. A single species is known and comes from Florissant. STIRADERES CONRADI. Tek i, Deas, (hy. too) ; A single specimen is preserved on a side view. The head, including the rostrum, with the prothorax and the sides of the metasterna, are not very deeply nor closely punctate (the puncta showing in the specimen, which is a reverse, as granulations); antennze, at least on the apical joints, much more finely punctate, but with similar sparseness and shallowness; Joints of antennze nearly half as broad as the width of the eye, the apical 164 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. joints not shown on the plate. Elytra with punctate striz, the puncta deep, circular, separated from each other by two or three times their own diameter. Length, 5°6™; height, 25"; length of antenne, 2™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 10910. This insect is named in memory of that versatile and industrious naturalist, the late T. A. Conrad, of Philadelphia. HORMISCUS Waterhouse. This is a genus with only three known species, found respectively in our southern and western states, the Galapagos islands, and in Colombia. A single fossil species from Green River, Wyoming, is referred here. HorMISCUS PARTITUS. Hormiseus partitus Seudd., Tert. Ins. N. A., 467, Pl. vi, Fig. 17 (1890). No further specimens have been found. Green River, Wyoming. Tribe BASITROPINI. If the Tophoderes described by Heyden from Rott belongs here, this tribe is equally represented in the European and American Tertiaries. In Europe, besides the species mentioned, an amber species (undescribed) has been referred by Berendt to Anthribus, and three species have been referred to Anthribites, two from Oeningen, and one, known only by bor- ings, from Niederlausitz. In America we have a species of Anthribus from Florissant, one of Brachytarsus from Green River, and three of Cratoparis, one from Florissant and two from Green River. ANTHRIBUS Geoffroy. The species of this typical genus of the family, not numerous, are found in both worlds, and mainly in the northern hemisphere. We possess but a couple of species found in the Atlantic States. A single fossil species from Florissant, Colorado, is placed here. ANTHRIBIDZ—BASITROPINI. 165 ANTHRIBUS SORDIDUS. Pip, Pig. 27. A single, unfortunately rather poorly preserved specimen seems to fall in the Basitropini and probably in or very near the restricted genus Anthri- bus. The head appears to be quite smooth, but to be ornamented above with a large black impressed triangle, the apex forward; the eyes are moderately large and transverse, the beak shorter than the head, apically narrowed as seen from the side, the antennz nearly half as long as the body and coarse, but unfortunately too poorly preserved to show the joints ; nor, indeed, is there any apical enlargement to a club, so that probably they are broken. The prothorax is well rounded, the surface very faintly, very sparsely punctate, the ridge completely basal. Elytra faintly striate. Length, 5"; height:at thorax, 15™; length of (probably incomplete) antennz, 2°3"™". Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 2675. CRATOPARIS Schoénherr. South America is the principal home of this genus, though species are found in almost all parts of the world. In our country we have but two species, found in the Atlantic States. The discovery of no less than three species in our Tertiaries, one at Florissant, Colorado, and two at Green River, Wyoming, may perhaps be looked upon as an indication of a sub- tropical climate where they occur. Table of the species of Cratoparis. Rivtraiess thamaeiin length en 22232 ee in a8 ene ees arcessitius. Elytra more than 4:5"™ in len gth: Elytral strie feebly punctate -......-----------++-s0e rect etree rene elusus. Elytral strive deeply and heavily punctate ..--...-------.--+---+---*--- repertus. CRATOPARIS ARCESSITUS. ze 12dk Se, elites os The cast of a single specimen, showing in relief what should be in depression, and presenting a side view, is the sole relic of this species. The head is nearly smooth, with very faint and feeble delicate punctures, as well 166 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. as equally faint, longitudinal, wavy rugule, the rostrum exceedingly short and blunt. The prothorax, represented as too short anteriorly on the plate, is more coarsely but shallowly and rather closely punctate, the puncta very evenly distributed, as is also the case on the metasternum. ‘The tegmina are each about three times as long as broad, as exposed to view, with eight or more equidistant punctate striz (granulate ridges on this cast), the puncta following each other closely, rather larger than on the prothorax; counting from the outer edge, the third and sixth strize meet near the tip of the teg- mina in an acute angle. The elytra are also covered with suberect hairs about half as long as the width of the interspaces between the elytra. The legs are slender, moderately short, the femora very slightly swollen, the second joint of the tarsi very simple and not at all swollen. Length of specimen as preserved, 5""; probable length in a natural position, 55°"; of elytra, 3°65"™; height of body, 2™™. Florissant, Colorado. One specimen, No. 185. CRATOPARIS ? ELUSUS. Cratoparis? elusus Scudd., Bull. U. 8. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., rv, 768-769 (1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 467, Pl. vim, Fig. 40 (1890). No new specimens have been found which throw any further light on the affinities of this insect. It is extremely doubtful whether this be an anthribid ; it is more probably a curculionid allied to Rhysosternum. Green River, Wyoming. CRATOPARIS REPERTUS. Cratoparis repertus Scudd., Bull, U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., rv, 768 (1878); Tert. Ins. N. A., 466-467, Pl. vit, Fig. 4, (1890). Nothing more is known of this species than when first described. Green River, Wyoming. BRACHYTARSUS Schonherr. The genus belongs to Kurope and America, and especially the latter, where we find eight species in the United States, widely distributed, while one isfoundin South America. A fossil insect from Green River, Wyoming, is referred here with some doubt. ANTHRIBID ®—ARAHOCERINI. 167 BRACHYTARSUS PRISTINUS. Brachytarsus pristinus Scudd., Bull. U. 8S. Geol. Geogr, Sury. Terr., 11, 87 (1876); Tert. Ins. N. A., 466, Pl. vit, Fig. 26 (1890). Nothing can be added to the original description. Green River, Wyoming. Tribe ARAZOCERINI. A single species of this tribe has been found fossil in Europe and one in America, in each case referred to Choragus. The European occurs a Rott, the American at Green River. CHORAGUS Kirby. The minute species of this genus, few in number, are divided between Europe and America. Heyden has described a fossil species from Rott on the Rhine, and one very different species has occurred at Green River, Wyoming. CHORAGUS FICTILIS. Choragus fictilis Seudd., Tert. Ins. N. A., 465-466, Pl. vir, Fig. 9 (1890). The original single specimen is all that is known. Green River, Wyoming. SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES, WITH THEIR DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE, [The figures represent the number of specimens found at the locality.] Systematic list of species. _ Localities where found. A ] _¥ - leg | 5 ee see) || : 2\2.|/88|2 | 3 rc GS} |) eS) men (ek Plate and cm Be | Se 5 a Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. | Page. figure ¥g 5) B |} bs & = , 3 falas re) aS a fa S| 22S S i ] A le cette ees x eS} S aha = = ~ RHYNCHITIDA, : RHYNCHITIN A, Masteutesirupis :s=--2.-c soon ae eee eee eee 12 11:30 1 Ne 4] PEGSAA Me oe | aes S3= Masteutes saxifeto oq... 2 22.0 -eeee eeee eset ce 13 vui:4 DL Pee cee| gs sacs aee ee ame ANIebeRR WY MONT == See AS 15 Sense eee 13 Tayese Rl] al Eugnamptus grandwvus ............--..------ 14 TV ic. 0) | eemom | oes eee 3 ee ae Eugnamptus decemsatus........-.-.-.---.---- 1 Re sen ogee cco sscerllsasesaleseose De Reese Rhynchites subterraneus--2.-..-...----- see 15 Iv:12 1G Peed) eoeeas| Scars Haaser ISOTHEIN ®. Isotheini. Paltorhynchus marwhalo..-cose-ee arene eee 18 1:9, 10, 18 A Saeco ee eee eee ners Paltorhynchus rectirostris ..-........:..-..--. 19 Iv:3 5 Pes pees See a cin Paltorhynchus bisulcatus....-........-...--.. 19 WAM Oo | See ee ON rarettte| er een ene Ledtheaallenwes. 25 2es 2 ee cea ee ee eee eee 20 | Iv:2; vur:1 | 1 7) be ee P= | |e vsea|eceans Trypanorhynchus corruptivus.-..-....---.---- 22 TAVOT Dae Sasa eos wae aes Trypanorhynchus depratus ......-...- Sencicene 22 Iv:5, 10 | Oh See ae ees ccatee nent saoeoe Trypanorhynchus sedatus............-.---.-. 22 11:23 1 eA esa sore Panes Toxorhynchini, Docirhynchus terebrans..*--..-----.-:-.------ 24 1v:6 TY eae Beem ecatsel Bema Docirhynchus culexesat-..- =e ees eee ee 25 vlir:2 a LY Pee Ries a dey 2 Ee 2 ge Teretrumiprimulim (2432 - sae se eee ee | 26 Iv:3 Uo Scan epee sere tees Teretrony qUuieselbumn ee cesses sete eee eee | 26 VION eee [ee seo ee eens 11 eee Toxorhynchus minusculus ---...-....-...-._.- 27 | IV:1 | 1] ROE lo S82 Beaton bees Toxorhyneling Ocwlihus...o-s2s -- soe eee eel ON, Iv:11 | 1 | 2 cawaleeeenclce oes looses Stepannp PaArrandel..222-.- 2s soe eee ee 28 | WITS ON |see'= 1B |[SSassm\ sosc35! nea : 168 s SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. Systematic 169 list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Localities where found. i || ee a ee Roce esate | 2\2,\|52|% | 2 iS) Biol en a 4 Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. | Page. Fine and = S Alissa 5 5 gure. | a ae | cd Z 3 6 Be Ve ie lee OTIORHYNCHID. Brachyderini. Epicerus exanimis . -----------------+-+---->- 31a eases seceee len = | 41 | Vass pee oes decane peecico i Mee ese Phyxelis excissus.....-.-----------+++ +205 ---- 42 wane ||2eeeae it | Beemer emcees nner Phyxelis evigoratus --..-------+-----+-+-+---- 42 vir: 13-15 |-..---- 1 OW Seco Baccee Phyxelis eradicatus. -------------------------- 43 Sav ote it kote game 2 DailE as sae eriare == Otiorhynchini. Otiorhynchus perditus..-.-------------------- NE Ne oo onkaecoonse|lvornoc||coasen||seaoea|| — 9 AISEStce Otiorhynchus subteractus -------------------- 45 1D Cpa} |leopoee ellbeeas| Canoes eaecdec Otiorhynchus tumbee -..----------------++>>-> HG) ebeaooSeeane aces Soonos | saaced| sarcoe UN erste reer Otiorhynchus flaceus -..-----------------+--- -| 45 18a) oeecoc ee SS Geel Bacosd eeenec Otiorhynchites absentivus -------------------- 46 1x:13 | 1) eee Je---22|------y022-2- Otiorhynchites tysoni ------------------++---- 47 reer} ease Ie asane Whi shesce Otiorhynchites fossilis...--.------+----------- 47 WATE) |lesecoelleacenallescoce||booses all Otiorhynchites commutatus. --.-.------------- | 48 Txa ON eee Hl Beeeealbacase ase Neoptocus? sp-.------------------22-75507577- | 48 mxd< Ge ees | 1 | il escone desas= Tanymecini. | Tanymecus seculorum .------------+--+------> AG lee eee see eees | 1 |= <= || mn il aerate Cyphini. Entimus primordialis. -.---------------------- G0) No ogan6 eonce aces |eaacct| poaaes i |Besoee eseccc Syntomostylus rudis.--..------------+-----7-- 50 TOF INY) | oooooe: 1| Dy) ee ee aia ee Artipus? receptus -.--------------+----7---77 51 | 10 CRT lseeecollooesoe I See steclloascne *Fossil, Wyoming. 170 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Localities where found. eee . A=] Fe) . 2 |S2 O82] ) 3 O /agi/eP | eo] & Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. | Page. Fynee Bnd 2 | ek | 2% > s gure, | &° a8 ot 2 | L ° . 2 ar £3 8 B ce) heh etree ho ete Re |e | S| oO OTIORHYNCHID&—Continued. | | | Evotini. | Lachnopus recuperatus . -..---.----.---------- 52 11:8, 12 3} le skeeolleroses Seren eee eachnopus Hum wus] see eee ae eee | 53 u:11 2 | ale eel eee essai eaaees Evopes veneratus........-.--.-.-.------------ | 5 1:15, 21 Ut Weaeeoalleooedlicsccss| onesie Dyopes occubatus ---- --ee=e- ees =e a a 55 11:7, 15 | ASS | Seek bo SS et arse | See Onvleusievaniduges-e se eeee sees eee 55 11:14 Pl Sess sallaoeses eseeseaese Phyllobiini. | Phyllobius antecessor-..-.---2.-¢o--—------ == hy i Ix:16 [esses Th adsoas ee eea|s mee Phyllobius carcerarius..---. ...-..------------ 57 WeBIUL es s5ec\bsooasc 2: | 2 epee beaece Phyl G bis) avilisra ses ee ee eee eee 58 1D. 49 (¢/il cenm ei 1 DN Boeke = Scythropus subterraneus..-.-...---.---------- 59 | Ieee | oases 4 al Grleaes- Seythropus somniculosus .-......-------------- | 60 ree pikey eis ooe pe cosc|loncce|lsscoe Seythropus abacus -.22--------. woe enn een 60 eH |isassod|sseccc Ib | pesoos poses | Promecopini. | HUG OMUsSITODUSEUB esses | see eee eee ne 62 TED 205 wll eae eee jets etal eters Pind OMS pin Pulse eee ee eee 63 IESON) MOA ener lomeene Weseeer Bac ee Maerypts SCCbUSs sae ee = a= oa ieee ee 64 1:9 | OFilseuerd seta so |seonSebos5e5 Eudiagogus terrosus.-..-.-.----.-----<------- (bees cesoccs sc6s|[seogm- 2 Wah Ressec | CURCULIONID&., | SITONINE. | Sitonaexitiorumn eee ase cere eee ee 67 Iv:13 Aa aeetats Seseeey Ca sae) eens Sitons {Od imalnm yee == seece se ere eee 67 | 36a), |nsoso|Pasaca|socaac Sigeeee Sitona papain esse eae ee ee 68 xcs Seere 3a |seeees | ie ee ALOPHIN 2. Centronmoricollises-s-=-s= =a easier == 70 1:8 OF lsssoce =e lee ae Limalophus compositus.....-..-.-.-.-:-------) 71 See |e ececie|Gaesoe 1 Piel Resse Limalophus contractus...--..-.--..---.--.---. 72, SHON eee yeni Pep eee | Grice tes Geralophus antiquarins ..-....----.---------- | 74 TUT GS Ail ye DA | Sea en ee eee anes Geralophns occaltns'-2---- -----)s see a= === 74 111: 6, 21-24 28h leoenk bem etn | Be ood saeenc i Géeralophus Saxuosus yess ose e =a aaaeeeeta ate TD) dsiperoLO; 3) SAR sco|\eses- oo | Seer nl taayea lL | | | | Geralophna fossicins =. --s-- =e een 75 11: 16, 17, 24; ASN Mek loeb | Snare iste ae 111: 19, 20 | Geralophus repositus -...--..-.......--......-. 76 | 111; 26, 28, 30; 29 | Socecte| Seen |-n2eee[ee---s x:6 \ SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. . ‘ ~) Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Plate and figure. Localities where found. Roan mountains, Colorado. Florissant, Colo. | | | Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. Page. (ses CURCULIONID A—Continued. ALOPHIN®—continued. Geralophmsplassatnsss-sosess2 2 so. sa cisee noes ee 76 | i | Geralophus"pumiceus!=------ = 2=-- sess. see -- 77 Geralopbusiretoituss - ss oes \rese seen eee 77 Geralophmeidiscessusisasesscerccensssese ees) Tit Contatusievisceratus s.—2 5-20-62 0546-2 n-== | 78) Cont atusiemractuss sete een ie cectesece= lee 18) |) APIONINE. INSTRU ee ees See fe oe 81 | AMTON DUMMY clea oe ere aei= secon ee 82 | ATIONICOMLE CHUN res ene eee tea ae cece cae 82 AMION CUMOSUIM Se seem cae sey. ee ses he = fos ase Bi | APIONVEXANINI ALO se enctae ate meee als Adis Cleonusyexberlaneuso. operate eer lo || 96 Gleonisyprimonispe- eo ee essen eee eee fSee @léonusfo0ersterl 4s. s06. 645-4 ss - see sees eee 97 C@leonusidepeneratus.----.--=---5-22<0--422--= 98 x:4 ¥i2 V:17 Ve OH S988) ME sii sex 2 1:13, 20 Sire x1:4 11: 22 i 5 Hele = ae a a me Rn Seale aS) |) calles oO, o 3 aw > a “3 =, S) fees fe 2) Mors! = Lond | ro) . 22) 8 |. 8 ins | o 5 Sea sey lees S | & | (=) | AYP. TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Localities where found. \ Fea Petz leve Pelt se : 3 3 3 + 53 2 2 as cs Plate and = 2% oust 5 3 Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. | Page. figure. 3 26 Le 5 5 2 | Gol er ceealee i |B alee ares ; a eel => ea pecou as CURCULIONIDA—Continued. | | CURCULIONIN.£E—continued. Erirhinini. DoryLomus willis msi cn. ae poee -eeeee eee 99 VI:2 eo ees come balsas nace a5 DorytommMs\coercitus==: .2--sscs ea ee | 99 vi:4 ME Ger eeveeeees|Sosesd| Shoanc G&ypidius ennvinostrisies-. sees ase ee see eae ~ 100 vi:l 1 jotee ee ee cece ieee eee corte Birycus brevicolliss+--2 9 -e sc. se eee eee ye akon 1:19 1h ea eeresacco| Pabarc eee Procas winenlatus) 2ss-2= s2sesee sas = see eee 102 XMS aise 2 1 nd Bea Paesoe Procasiverberatus cps. > as eee eee ee eee ae 103 sa hilay |) pl ie ay ee eee NIB Cte 8 Namitor clavicers aos sss-eense. cece erica eee | 104 10:6 | 1 | Se dees ses ! ees eee Smicrorhynchus macgeei........-..------------ | 105 v1:6 | 3 oe |------|-seace (eee e lssaeso Coceotorus requiescens's----4--- s-ee- se. eee] LOD W135 11:15 Deo araallnessas fessoslcoass Cremastorhynchus stabilis’.-...-..--.----+.--- 110 Vig Shilpa wee ly ees eee eealeweeas Anthonomus primordias ....-....--.---------- 112 v:8 UP bSee4s| oacmes !soSos0| BeGeas Anthonomus evigilatus ........----.---------- 112 v9, 12 | Bet Sees bam eal emia! sAsbe Anthonomus, debilatus..--=.2--- s2c2c----40-s2 112 Vari (UN ROAR e Sloe ese bane on bagcas AvNthROUONITE COUCUSSUSt pees eee ee ee eer ene 113 v:4, 13 | ON Bee a8 aoc cae soa sea|ssacad AnthoOnNOMUSALCHUIRS s=- see eae eee eee eee 113 v:16 (eS ee (Seite eign fooaoct Anthonomus'corruptus_-- 2-25. <2. -o--- oe 114 V:18 | Biko asseet elise ee Ese ente Anthononiusreyentuse.-a0-2eseee sees ese eee | 114 v:10, 14 Us |teece|socens ee aes leet ree AN tHONOMMNSIGELOSEUSG:= == 14555 5cen/Jedeooe oe 115 V6, 11 7 A Rees erie pected bores Anthonomus|soporuses ce oes secre seer | 116 Xr] |...... | 1 1 al sree Anthonomus revictus= sess eaee sees ene esp SUG) Sekeno|eeeelee oes 2) eens Orchestes languidulus ........-..---s--<:----- 117 VI:8 We asoca)[bReossiposooe) ocemae Macrorhoptusiintutus:.-.-.---=s--<0--see4-ee 118 VI:5 | Bal ets ear ee ee J---ee- Prionomerini. | | Prionomerus Arvin Pi cee nee e ee eetae cee eee ee 119 1: 12 | il Sr ete | aes |e | Sescs Tychiini. | | | Ty chinsesecrenuse === 4] eer: Bea eee | 190 | vii12 | 2} ke es | See ieeeeee | reer Ty chitisievolatussss- es. eso see eee 2 Onlin mevereilent serra G3 boceoel ores} ocseealles=e se Sibyneswhitneyissso<5c cscs)... aoe tacts alo vr:15, 16 IP Focesallessacs boease Wes SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. - 173 Systematic list of species, rith their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Localities where found. ls |2 Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. Page. : latte ancl = | 5 z figure. 5 = rp = L | Bu Wee 6 |. 8 me | — = — — CURCULIONID &—Continued. | CURCULIONIN&—continned. | Cionini. Gymnetron antecurrens..-.........--.-..----- | 122 vi: 14 1 SI ae eee Gymmnetrouplecontelcs- sess -=--2- 5S oee5 =e ee eee ic coc nec | Haeeeal Eeaeee Cryptorhynchini. Rhyssomatus tabescens.-.-...--..-.-.---.--.- 123 BO CHU) (eee 1 Rhysosternum longirostre.....-...-..--..-.-- 125 v1:20 Bileseaee Rhysosternum weternabile..-...-....-.-...--.. | 125 vi: 19 ils a ee Gryptorbynchnsiduruss sss ee see see 126 | 2st Besege 1 Gry ptochynchues Kenniss oss seen o-se ee oe | 127 V2 Ne ers Gryptorhynchus|profusus._--2--.-)--2-.2--.-- | 127 ea tall ain eee Cryptorhynchus annosus --.....-.-.-.--.----- 128 XO! eee eee 1 Ceuthorhynchini. | Croliodesypuimotniee esse eee aera eld) Sir gltl Wear Ceuthorhynehns evinctus_-...---.--..-...--..| 180 x1: 13 HO eee Centhorhnchus clausus.........-.............| 131 Wil: 2 OP eae Ceuthorhynehus duratus....-.-.---.2--------.| Il | vu:3 Sil. aeee: Ceuthorhynchus compactus....-..---.........) 182 vir:8 ith peace Ceuthorhynchus degravatus..............---- 132 551i eee 1 Barini. | Banisi@ivisarsaqm=-p sea mes dees nea = sas IS | virsd YS sean Banisihanl anise = eles secs eae Setar SS 134 yir:5 Dae As EET SoSe co cig ce eeeon se oObSoo eee Sere 13° | yir:10, 11 | Be Seeace Baris) iupentectal------2---<=\-- ¢ 135 vurl Soler Aulobaris danwmatae-----2--= —-==---==-4------|)) 136 VIL:7 ty cheese Atalobarisy ance layers astern l= site eee = 137 Sanrpale || yes a | 5 At OpAIS CU CUIMS COU Uda aati ae eee eo elon Se CURN | Aer 6 Aulobaris comminuta--..--.--.-.--.----.:...- 138 SEIU Oe ects ate ses Genin Musso PMU phis eee ees aaa) ee ee 138 | 1:25 vil: 6; “iNisbecas | XII: 2 Gentrinus diruptus\so. 2-3 —aas-ee eel) 139) MUO te sees| eee Catobaris ceenosa.........-...---------------- 140 | sarge || WJoaees rado and Utah. River, Wyo. | White river, Colo- | Other localities. | é | > — a | | | he rol eae ee | Sar skal 2 ae | | nate ae es Iie ia eae Nees ovens ik fe ee eae Shy es aeetoe Conan [ceo Maes 174 TERTIARY RHYNCHOPHOROUS COLEOPTERA. Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Localities where found. ca oS, 6 ) aa og a 7 eS ome os z | 2 As | ye nw = a ers : | Plate a i ltl rs a os Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. Page. | E ae and g on | es Bs = gure. a (SS oh =| = ° 5 Ss | i a Mesa eres a ieee een aaa S RB a ae 2 a= = 2) > a a + | a = S © CURCULIONID &—Continued. | BALANINZE. | Balanimus:) anicularis\---5---o---5->--- =e ae wae vil: 16 ) Balaninus Leste wus eae. -ee eee ae ere 142 11:25 Balaninus minusculus:..< 229222. 2 oeee sees 143 vir:12 | De See (2S sees ee eee Balaninus femoratus-- oss se-- sooner ees) Sl) NSS EKO on Bie ceeen cesccl esas Sol eeaee Balaninus dutioniic-=2-- soso eee eee el) eladalh vir: 14 Fi eae | pesene es epee) [le te Balaninusflexirostris) 22-2 --. sees =o ee ae 144 vir:9 | 7 ee ee Jsscces | CALANDRID A. | CALANDRIN.E Sphenophorini. Sciabregma rugosa --.---.- --.5---...-.-------. IAT ROUSE -[esiow a. a eae eos Scyphophounsilsvast--n an se scans ee eee en 148 | 11:26 ye 2-=ecleeemee |: see Scyphophorus fossionis ...........-..----.---- 148 \ir:13 i) Besees Poses cores Oryctorhinus tenuirostris. ............--.--.-- 149 | x11:10 a eee eee Calandrini. Calandrites defessus.----...-.-. Bes NS Ia 150 | Saami) Nes ae BW esesrs 1 Calandrites cineratius ----..:-.2..2.-.<..5---- 1 Bre) Of fal ees 1A Rte 1 | | COSSONIN.E. | | Dryophthorini | Spodotribus termulentus °---2--- 2-222. -s sce 152 vir :17 | 2i|bee ces ees eee, Se, Lithophthorus rngosicollis..--............--.. 154 | m:20 | eee | seks ‘alls ie | / | Cossonini. | | Coskonis CULUS =- 2 soe sean ecoete Stee eee | 155 Dat fell eee as | 1 | ee sea earns, Cossonus ‘gabbilets2-s--2-o- =o eee ee ee 155 xm:1l il ge 9 eee eee ee SCOLYTID®. SCOLYTINA. Tomicini. Dryocates impressus'....25 2 ecnesseeeeece eee 1 Ly fl a ee ey eS ra AE 4 Dryoceetes carbonarius .........s.-..----.---- S57 il ete ors ereepste Seo | ee Pecoraro sat ts a | SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. ' Systematic list of species, with their distribution and abundance—Continued. Systematic list of species. Florissant, Colo. Roan mountains, Colorado. White river, Colo- rado and Utah. Green River, Wyo. Other localities. | | PL ale Families, subfamilies, genera, and species. | Page. ae SCOLYTID4#—continued. } SCOLYTIN &—continued. Hylurgini. Polygraphus wortheni Mylesinusextractus 2. =< 2.52.2 sacs ec one one Eylastes?tisqualidens'.--..)- .--2s-s2oe=5e5es-s ANTHRIBID. Tropiderini. Saperdirhynchus priscotitillator -............. 161 1:12 MropideresiviastalUS tose eles ete eis eee 162 11:13 | SURO DI CLES TEMOL Sto mietet= ele sae atl 162 xu: 14 Stiraderes|conradl-s-o2- 2 Soc se 25 =< ce Aeee eH 163 1:6 HLOTMISGUS | PALUIGUS = m— =lacelae ae ata leo elem GAG Reema cae noes Basitropini. JANN OE RORCNGINN 5 osonnsooss conScCosceOoESne 165 11:27 Cratoparis arcessitus ...-......--.---.-------- 165 pina lal (Chitin GUNES. sso nconbsesendseeseeeecssod| WCo | Seeecsesesscec (CHANT OY TORNS DG) DOME Scop ecsecsee capo cpeseeos)| — 10h bone case csesaae Brachytarsus! pristinus).--2-.--2------\--------| UY ecotecnosaodane Arceocerini. Chorapus i Chil sae sree as =lecee=ae=taee = er GY! ||sceecosecocscos Motalseessestesesei Cones ss das-ce cee tol lessee laaseeac.cleeiscsc 1 *Scarboro, Ontario. a; -¥> 7 bd ~/ 2) va = as _ % a i aan 4) 7 en > Fig. 1. (8068) (/). 2. (10267) (#). 3. (506) (8). 4, (7670) (4). 5. (10072) (§): 6. (10910) ({). 7. (8354) (8). 8. (8354) (}). 9. (1580) (4). 10. (463) (4). 1. (185): (2). 12. (6001) (4). 13. (8682) (#). 14. (167) (4). 15. (11798) (+). 16. (6387) (}). 17. (6387) (2). 18. (12247) (4). 19. (13627) (4%). 20. (13601) (#). 21. (13033) (4). 99 . (5647) (48). 180 ° PEA ner All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. . Page. Cy tilus donmiscens/((Byrrbidss) po. sese- ee eee eee ee Not deseribed. ! Epanuriea ingenita (Nitidulide)........._.. wee Sore Sele mte eee Not deseribed. Ephalus? adumbratus (Tenebrionid) ...............--.:-.----- Not described. Colaspis Intii(Chrysomelidas)jas-s-= asses ee Not described. Geralophus saxuosus®- 222 12.2 25 ecs a= eee ee ee 75 Stiraderés‘conradis<< 207 4: 822325 2 sense eee ee 163 Centron moricollis; head and thorax only............-.--......--=------- 70 Centronwnoricollis: 3.22272 aioe s rare ae ae 70 Paltothynchus narwhal sq -5 5-020 2 sence cane eee eee 18 Paltorhynchus marwhal--o: f 5: ssa scsecee eee eee ee 18 Cratoparis‘arcessitus:: +252. 4.52 e]2s ea ene Se oe eee 165 Saperdirhynehnsipriscotitillatoriss eee eee eee 161 Cleonus:exterraneusi 223220322 sae ee ae ene eee eee 96 AT BULIS pPabesgcens: (scarabselde) === eee eee ee Not described. Byopes' veneratugss. 25-124. 255s ese ee eee eee ee ee 5+ Laccopyfus nilesit; the left antenna only-*s2-44--- +42 sesso eee eee 94 Laccopy gus milesiis > oo. 222 ete ee eee ee a Ee ee eee 94 Paltorhynchus manwihalic: 252 2.52 ose, so ee re a 18 Anobinm durescens|(Ptinidss) 2-22 ee eee eee Vot described. Cleonus exterraneus; front part of body only ..-..........-..-----..----- 96 Byopes Venerabus = <5 2552. 02 tae ta cee se eee ee ee eee 54 Hylesinus extractus-.- 2-622 s22-.cace ce esos een eee 159 1 See Introduction, p. 10. MONOGRAPH XXI U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, @é = . = ~ 2 rr a > 4 yeot) Sn a 7 ° all = . - 7 ma) ° 4 ] *} ae ae ¥ PCAC aie Fig. 1. (7606) ({). 2. (7224): (%). 3. (2271): 4, (8787) (#). 5. (426) (#). 6. (11283) (?). 7. (486) (#). 8. (9215) (#). 9. (4739) (#). 10. (7493) (7). 11. (420) (#). 12. (12438) (#). 13. (12429) (4). 14. (6544) (4). 15. (8970) (#). 16. (12432) (4). 17. (12432) (#). 18. (4) (4). 19. (10058) (}). 20. (5251) (#). 21. (8845) (#). 22. (2609) (#). 23. (8115) (42). 24. (12428) (#), 25. (8768) (7). 26. (11779) (#). 27. (10416) (#). PLA Eo All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Coccotorus'requiesctensi. 2-1 tae ene eee ee eee 109 Centrinus obnuptns cop s2oses. ooo eee e ae eee eee ae oe eee eee 138 Trigonoscutasinventa 52-26 asec asses ee eee ee eee ee oe ee ee 34 Hormorug 6axorum 32.02 eco ee se ie eee ee ee ee nee ee ee eee 33 Geralophusnetritug! ss.) 532 2 ane sense Bee ee nee ee ee ee W7 Numitor claviger 222. .cit 22a ss tee ee ee eee ee 104 Evopes. ocewbatus 2 25-32. 252 vet te ee ee ee ee 55 uachnopus recnperatisy. 2. 27 222 tee se aoe eee eee ee 52 Budomius:pinguisee os.ccsescs ee ee ee ee Biepeclan sects 63 Gnathiumistatis(Meloids)s22 02.55 on oe eee eee Not described.! Lachnopus*hnmiatus:: 2.2. 2!20 desc acdsee sore see ene eee 53 Lachnopiis'récuperatis 2.252) 2 2. se ge ee cee eae see eee eee ee 52 Propideres: vastatis:.. 2222.7 sense ease ee ne tee eee 162 Omilens evanidus 22.00 .ts; ee ee 55 Byvopes oconbatus; 252% succes sees ae ee Cen eee ee 5d Geralophus fossicius; the head and rostrum only ..---.-...-.-.---------- 75 Geralophus:fossicins’-- 5... = sss eese cee eee enon eee 75 Coceotorns'principalisies- 2252.20. = ose eee eee oe nee eee eee eee 109 Eryéus brevicollis):..4.5 est hee eens ee ee ee 101 Lithophthorns arn gosicollises soe esse ae eee eee ee 154 Evirhinus:dormitus <214.-¢220 223-526 beeen ee ene ee ee 105 Cleonus:degeneratus: = 2822255. o.oo ee ee 98 Try panorhynchus sedatus:- 625. 22sec ae ee ee 22 Geralophus fossicius 225.224 <4 sates soe ee ee eee 75 Balaninus restrictus;s.2i< 22225228 See eee ee 142 Scyphophorus lavis::). 222s 2 jes oe ee 148 Chrysomela vesperalis (Chrysomelidz) .............-..---.------ Not described. 182 ) See Introduction, p. 10. U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, -MONOGRAPH XXI. PLATE 5 Mierris &Sone Lith Phila JP obres dabei ale PS Aa Ee ale All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake, excepting Figs. 21 and 22, which are by Paul Roetter. Fig. (1246) (7). (7). (7). Me 2. (6660) 3. (482) 4. (4675) 5. (1236) 6. (6477) 7. (13602) 8. (4832) 9. (13632) 10. (14243) 11. (3895) 12. (8942) 13. (7520) 14. (11267) 15. (8284) 16. (8047) 17. (4918) 18. (8128) 19. (7686) 20. (7686) 21. (2M) 22. (2M) 23. (10711) 21. (65) Zo» (B09) 26. (14994) 27. (2675) 28. (12479) 29. (4433) 30, (9273) 184 Page. Comets VO WAS COT ES a ote ar rm 78 Eudomus robustus..--..------ Sea e cea se ee ae eee seein e 62 Greralophusiretmitus: = 22S. ojo ne Seelam eae 77 Budonius: robustas oo 5 25 eee ose see witee a eae ane eee oe ee ee 62 Coniatus evisceratns:<- 1.22 === 2 == oe nea ee ee 78 Geralophusocenltus 2252.26 «a sceecteisseae ose ener ae ee ae ae eee 7A Geralophus lassatus. ...--.----------- RES S Saco oe nessa Ses ee Sak 76 Geralophus assatusscc- sen. male al eee ae eee te 76 Hucry ptus sectusi:2s2<2- s2c2e5 cae secte ses eee oe Shee eee eee eee 64 Gerolophus) SaxvOsus-] ee rae eesceee eee eee Ar Sdadsegnassseassss edie 75 Geralophus saxu0sus.ce-- jos) aes cee eee eee eee eee 75 Prionomerus IEVIN Sis = ase nae ee ae eee eee ee ae ee ee eee 119 Goralophus*pumiceus, e-c--ss2 =.= 22-2 eee eee eee 77 Geralophus lassatus. ..-- SoS a sacuiees nett oh oe ee 76 Coccotorus'requiescens.a: jo 2e cise tee eee eros Ee eRe eee 109 Géralophus:antiquanlis: -) 2b neh eee eee eee eee eee eee ae eee 74 Geralophus:antiquarius: 2-225 s5-e ee eee een eee ee eee ee 74 Geralophus lassatus:. 5.0 3.a22 55 see Oke see eee ee eee ee eee ee 76 Geralophus fossicius?y=.2- 22s sceee-ee seen eee eee ee eee 75 Geralophus fossicius; beak and antenne further enlarged........-_-- 7 Geralophus'occeultus 2+: 22-202 = soccer ae eee Ee ee 74 Geralophus.occultus s.2-2.5--2 5.) eee oe eee eee eee eee eee 74. Geralophus.ocenltns:. = =< esos as a2 a ee ee 7A Geralophus'ocenltin' sa. - 353.25 30 ea eee eee eee eee 74 Geralophus-lassatuss..: > 26h occa pce tee ee oe ee ee 76 Geralophus repositus: <2. <2 s-seae Se eee ee ee ee 76 Anthribus:sordidus:.:.< -.<° .oss2.dspe ross case eee See ee eee eee 165 Geralophus repositus: =.= <3 coe ees eee ee ene 76 Masteutes rupis: .. 50). anne = acoso ee eee Re eee eee 12 Geralophus repositus) <2. 2-2 .-cse= aoe nena eee ee ee 76 > APH XXI JGR C NI MoO? U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, o nN ath Phila RicA ee oy Fig. 1. (15256) 2. (1058) 3. (6377) 4. (12051) 5. (9705) 6. (1558) 7. (8617) 8. (7714) 9. (76P) 10. (1.867) 11. (13600) 12. (13682) 13, (3540) 14. (5315) 15. (13612) - (18612) . (13612) 186 (4B). (%)- (*7)- (+*)- (#). (**). (4). (7). (}). (7). C#). (i). (7). (**). ()- (*)- (})- PEATE eve All the drawings are by J. Henry Biake. Toxorhynchus Minuvsculus.,-5--15 <5 see ee ee eee eae See ee Isotheasalleni. .. > c= S205 ccna toe gee ee 2 ine = ee Teretrum ‘primulum. _/: =). = 2 6sssee ences eins ae ne ne ai ee ee Auletes Wymaniy...< o\.05 52 2o5055-2 See ee steeenc ce ae sees = eee Trypanorhynchus depratus, == 2-2-2... -- 2522-22-22. -- =a 8 ee a.ck eee Docirhynchustterebrans--2---4- -oeas-2 - oe oe a eae ee ee ee eee Trypanorhynchus\corrupthvus-=---- es ease ee eee eee eee Paltorhynchus rectirostrisie-.se-se eee eee Serene eee ee Hupnamptus gTandevus:. . s.—-%2.525 5 Sas /te cele ee els sels ne eee eee eee Prypanorhy nchiis\(lepratus! sae 2a ee ae ee eee eee eee Toxorhynchus' oculatus:<.- 2. 4--g5s2 see eee eee eee ese eee eee eee Rhynchites subterraneus: = 552-22 -045.2 eee eee eee eeeee REESE eee Sitonmexitiorm.:i<2 cs sse- 4 oe eee eee eee ssrbeotsemse26sss= Geralophus'saxu0sus;|.2. 55.2. dees ecese eee eee eee ee nee Geralophus discessus; rostrum and antenna ....----.--....-..----.----- Geralophus’ discessus; antennas>2-- ---- eee eee ene eee eee Geralophus discessus. =: ...2- 2.2 sndos-e eset nee eee 22 MONOGRAPH XXI PLATE IV U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY eden kV Fig. 1 to 10. Pe Se . (11306) (48). (8592) (4). (8900) (48). (5512) (#). . (13675) (12). . (14736) (4%). (505) (47) 188 . (12484) (2). (2897) ({). (8951) (4*). (453) (44). (2897) (#2). (6375) ({). (8611) (45). (8637) (47). . (11244) (22), (7759) (48). (7211) (48). PLATE V. All the drawings are by x . Henry Blake. Apion exanimale’: 25-4 pec eee a oe ee eee pep mer fran. PNM OSU IS Boon acs oosicass sz cobs ches scopes sata ase ans Apion confectum ~.-.- jo Sose2 an SouOnoe esse Sereescsoccmanescss Anthonomus!concnssus) 2..oeeeee ae eee oe eae nee ciate Apion curiosum Anthonomus defoasts ees. icesen se 4 AL SIN SONI AGN leee ee oresesarec seg oss assbesecrebsoseecosessseer ace: | Anthonomus primond tus sess eee see ee ee Sogcessadsseceses Anthonomus evigilatus — Anthonomiis'reventus 2): = <.:- 0. ee ee eee ere eee ei he eet Anthonomus defossus --....---- Ned ae oe 2 Se Soa as cise we Sess ceeeee Anthonomus evigilatus; a portion of the elytra ...........-..------- Anthonomus coneussus .....----------- est eeteeecceeee seseeeceeees sees Anthonomiis revienbus seoncaceice see eo me 4 Anthonomus debilatus . ---- <2 SS ieee oie aeoeenre eter spaccsescasscs i! Be ; Anthonomusanctusesaaee sss 2 eee eee eS MDs seo eee ee reel FAY CNY NOB ORs ose Ra OSE Sear mqaemoocsHo sacaaoasdSro=ssocens Anthonomus!corrup tis: <= seo == see ee a ae eee ee eee ee PLATE V MONOGRAPH XxXI U. S., GEOLOGICAL SURVEY led by Ahy eae Fig, 1. (7661) (}). 2. (11290) (#). 3. (500) (42). 4, (1987) (#) . 5. (13016) (#). 6. (7596) (42). 7. (5355) (4). 8. (5145) G-). 9. (8986) (42). 10. (490) (48). 11. (8957) (42). 12. (13026) (#). 13. (1.609) (42). 14. (4496) (42). 15. (1) CY). 16. (1) (#). 17. (483) (42). 18. (5655) (48). = =) . (13674) (2). 20. (7516) (2). 21. (11260) (48). 190 Pa A vee All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Page. Grypidius curvirostris.---..----2.- --- 2. 5 oo on nn nn = nnn 100 DOT VLOUIUS | yy LL ANUS De rete me ee le ee 99 Macdalis sedimentorum .- <2. eon aa eww 107 Dony tons COCLCIIUS = erseieee ena ate ees tee ee ee eee eee 99 Macro nko p tues Urn tree en ct oeeeee aelea eae 118 riblogeynenyn(e] Hep ENE leks Ree Seon coco diode aGopey sess cososnScdcese sees 105 Hockeonus! Sub) CCHS a eeee mene se eee ene Hee Sen eee eee eee 95 Orchespes lan our dus ee eer en ene ee le eee 17 Gremastorbynchusishal bili See ose te ele ae ee 110 IX AO EO) OC ao eeisoccn done Aner esesetoe cole Seems cssoacoseco7s 108 Ty Chius 6Volatus)-— 20s. sect oa ae eee em setae ates eee eee ee eaten 120 WM CATHIE] RUS sn ocicn da 254 cases 5 Goss “Soeneste cose ooch Leen, 120 Tychius evolatus; head with rostrum and antenne...........-.-.--.--- 120 Gymietron antecumnensh ae see = = ee ee ee Bee RP) Sibynes whitneyi; head and rostrum....-------- Sekt eno ace SoS 121 SLID RMS WW RMT C590 amet tat 121 Tychiusevolatuss)in outline=-=- °- cease eee eee ee ee 120 Cryptorhtynehugpromisus-e.=- =-- ee see =e ee ee eet 127 RB ysosternum ceterna DiC Ss eae are alee ee ere ea alee 125 Rib ysosterntami low pun trea a a eee ae le ale eee 125 Cryptorhynechus kerri-..-.. Shot Se CSAC toner ocdeoccasedausens Soosestes 127 PLATE Vi MONOGRAPH Xx! U. §. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY lees. | WV LT: Bigs As 2. 3. Bm OVD oO (9108) (7°). (6662) (17). (432) (2). (7674) (4). - (13604) )®). . (13648) (8). . (1.515) (48). . (12435) (42). . (12035) (#). (7014) (48). (7014) (42). . (11258) (#). . (14438) (f). (8528) (#). (8623) (47). (7645) (2). . (13673) (12). 192 PLATE Vaiss All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Baris imperfecta....-...-.---.-. aaa, ee te ee Ceuthorbynchus clausus......-...-.---.------- wasdtee 2 euisce Ceuthorhynchus duratus’ sss ees= eae Baris! Civisalse snes =a eee eee eee ee eee SEE GO SaSS a6: Baris: harlant<..\s 2.2. 522ee ae ste eae eee es eee eee Centrinus obnuptus Aulobaris damnata Ceuthorhynchus compactus $B al NSH OGLE OB GL Baris maturat<.: 2 s52s2acee ee eee Fe Sinepie seals wiswee eee See eeeene & Baris matura; portion of ely tron eee Sbtneacesbepsce sarees oe os Balaninusminusculus==)-e>-se eee eee ee hee Cee ; Scyphophorus)fossiogis=------ -=—aeeeee eee RR. Se Ree 2 ; Balaninusidnttonl =e ee === ae Se en es one eres Balaninus’ femoratusee.- o-oo Balaninus‘anicularis. :. 22-222. 2282 sss. 5-2 c he seer ene eee eee ee ae PLATE Vil MONOGRAPH XxI U. &. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MON xxI——13 BoA VEL. 193 PLATE SY tiie All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Page. Fig. 1 (1058) (G2). dsothea/allents"antenna 2=--a-4---—- hee ee ee eee eee ee 20 2:, ~((8823), G2): aDocirhynchus'cul ext o-- see ee nec ee eee ee ene eee eee 25 3 (303), ((); Paltorhynchus bisuleatus\=-2-- 55-22 --e oeee oe ee ee 19 4; (13641): (4%): “Mastentes: saxifer::22 25-22 22 oe ene ee ne 13 5 (1015) (#). “Steranuspbarrandel. 232-422. 2s ee 28 6 (740) G2). Terétrumigniescttumi:: =~ 2255-2 ee eee ee eee ee 26 7 (102) (}). ~OphrysstesPerandia’.-- 2c: --2.- 2224.) oe a eee ee ae 37 8. (3023L:) Ge)... TPenilluswirmus’. 25222-3052 8252 = 5 2 ee ee 35 9, (564) (#). Otiorhynchites fossilis ..\s2 52 sce ces oceee oe ee ee ee 47 10. (342) .(f): ‘Ophryastes petrarum 2. ..2.5. 2223656 - eee 37 11. (984) (42).. (Phyxelis dilapsus-::-... 5222522 ee eee eee ee ee ee een 41 12. (972) .@)- Ophnyastites cinereus... 2. 222oe eee eon eee en ee ee eee 39 13. (898) |G): Bhyxelisievigoratns>- 5-22 - sep ee eee ee 42 14. (960) (4°). Phyxelis evigoratus.--.----. oso ahecel aware oe SER Oe eee 42 Gy, (961) Ge): sPhyxelis"evigoratus 22922922 ee eee eee 42 16.. (1033) @®)2 , Phyxelis (excissus.---. 2. - <== <2 eee oe ee 42 17. (1060) (42). Phyxelis eradicatus; reverse of No. 1061...........-...--.------------- 43 18; (1061). (4%). Phyxelis eradicatus? -ottees. o-:-. == <<. =e Soe eee ees 43 194 PLATE VIII MONOGRAPH XXi U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Helene, XS Fig. ile 9 3. L 5 (506) (4). (487) (‘t). (135) (#). . (1005) (2,2). (1) (4°). (544) (4°). (708) (4°). (54) (4). (189) (). (104) (4°). (897) (42). (199) (4). (969) (®). (916) (4°). (586) (4° (301) (+2). (701) (+7). (176) (44). 196 {pork Tm All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Ophryastites absconsus ----------------- ReneS SOyesitint Shossteiedsees sess Ophryastites digressus --.--------- -- <= 25 oo w= ew Ophxryastites disperbtitus’ 222-5 225 eee ee ee ee HxOmias) ODMUnetAC hus ae aerate er eee ee Otiorhynchus aces ee oer ee eee ee IN COD tOGUSSD sense eater ee eee ce be oue er entiees ao sea eeeeaee Artipus Teceptus,--.. --- =. 2 -- 422 eee ee Otiorhynchus Sw CSAC CS ete a Otiorbry meh ties orm wi aS ee tte Sym OMMOs ty Us es See ot me le Phy Mobis Cancer ars = eraser see a maa Otiorlryn chutes thy SO ye ayers eye ee ree ee ee Otiorhynehites’ absent ise ee eta eee ee ae ee ae SEyCMLO PUSS Wb GEM OWS ee et ee ee Soythropusiabacus 3. ec. a asee clap ee ee ee eee eee Phyllobius antecossor=—- --.~ came eee a eee eee eee ee Ph ylo Dis aye ea secre apes ee ee ae ear alt a Scythropus somniculosus? see. = seen eee ae een J. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PLATE Ix MONOGRAPH XxXI BP Rane ten simmnnene eee 1 al Eyed BS Fig. 13. 14. (1050) (*). (754) (44). (991) (42). (157) (44). (100P.) (#). (9020) (47). (9009) (7). (1029) (48). (9183) (48). (862) ({). (197) (#). (23) (#). (225P.) (#). (709) (#). 15. (3013L.) (#). 198 Po Av ieee: All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Sitona paginarum. .-.-- Limalophus' corspositus.-— 222-2 --~ 22 oe eee eee eee eee Limalophus contractus Coniatus refractus ---- Sitona fodinarum - ---- Geralophus repositus ; SS S66esh bose esas Sones eee ee fac ssee seen tee it rostrom and witeniwe- >... +. ---- ----eeeeeeeeeeee Geralophus lassatus; rostrum and antenne ....-.-..-.-.---------------- Apion evestigatum ~~... Apion confectum.....-. Lepyrus evictus. --.. -- Pachylobius(cCompressuse o=see ash == ease nee ee eee Pachylobiusdepredatus .--.-- 2 =e eee TE a Re Ree eS Se Hylobius packardii - -. Pachylobius deleticius Hylobius lacoei...-.-.-.-.-------- PLATE X MONOGRAPH XxI U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY poe s eae Xel. Fig. 1. (718) (43). 2. (5355) (#2), 3. (1039) (47). 4. (3011L.) (4). 5. (11784) (42). 6. (730) (8). 7. (1.549) (#). 8. (1031) (8). ~9. (1026) (4,2). 10... (947) (42). 11. (8081) (42). 12. (950) (42). 13. . (764) (45). 200 Palas as Ail the drawings are by J. Henry Blake, AmitonO mus |S 0p OTS ee ee ee ee Eocleonus subjectus; rostrum and antennie Procas vineulatms\ee- mee = eee ea ce ee Sees oe oe Anthonomus revictus ......-.-- : : Cleonus primoris ..-..--- ee. oe eee -SeuSpeh esc eee Cryptorbynehus durus..-.-- eae Soe ad anemes ase cues ce Remo tetas Rhyssomatus tabescens Cryptorhynchus)annosuse ee eeeseee eres e eee eee seeee Soe iiacleece Celiodes'primotinuseeeenece- see oe eee ee eee ep 2 teeta Ceuthorhynchus degravatus -...-.....- Ronee Ceuthorhynchus evinctus .............--.----- PLATE Xt MONOGRAPH XxI U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY i eee LT: Fig. 1. (935) (42). 2. (13648) (42). 3. (250P.) (42). 4. (11278) (42). 5. (1044) (12). 6. (30241.) (4,9). 7 (946) ({). 8 (91) (). 9 (702) (4*). 10. (474) (#). 11. (2311) ($). 12. (72) (8). 13. (959) (2). 14. (27Lee) (9). 15. (302) (#). 202 PLATH XT All the drawings are by J. Henry Blake. Page. Aulobaris*anieilla) 25. << ease. eae eee ae ee ae ee ake ee eae 137 Centrinus obnuptus; prothorax, head, and antennew ..-.........-..---- 138 Centrinusdiruptus =2=-- =. -----=-- === Tes ge SSS CRS Le See 139 Catobaris’ cenosa. 22... secession oes ee eee eee eee 140 Aulobaris circumscripta S22. => -22- sssoc5 e-neen eee =e eae eeaeee eee 137 Balaninus femoratus:~.2-.2-5-5-s2-:-55--.-s—6--=5=e 126 kerri... ...-.--+-.---2-6= 26,127 profusus ...-..--.-- 126, 127 eulex (Docirhynchus) - 25 Curculionidw ..-..--. 4,5, 65 Curculionin® -....-...---------- 65, 66, 85 Curculionites --.--.<..---..--=- 86, 94, 96 curiosum (Apion)-- 83 curvirostris (Grypidius)...------ 100 Cydnine - - 2 Cypbini 29, 30, 49 Cytilus dormiscens ..-----.------ 180 damnata (Aulobaris)..----------- 136 debilatus (Anthonomus)..-.----- 112 decemsatus (Eugnamptns) . ------ 15 defessus (Calandrites).--.-..-.----- 150 defossus (Authonomus) ---------- 115 degeneratus (Cleonus).------.--- 98 degravatus (Centhorhynehus) ... 132 deleticius (Pachylobius) -...----- 90 depredatus (Pachylobius)-.----- 91 depratus (Lrypanorhynehus) --. - 22 Derelonimi 86 DEBmMOLDINGS 292 -=- 8 eee 104 LO Chie hence saeasoconss aes 104 digressus (Ophr. 39 dilapsus (Phyxelis) -- 41 Diptera eee n= == = 8 Dirotognathini. -- 30 dirnptus (Centrinus).. 139 discessus (Geralophus)..-...------ 77 Discotenes\.-<---..-.-...<-. Be Breve 160 Discoteniges aes. --- = =a te a 160 dispertitus (Ophryastites)....---. 40 Givisa (Bavis8) cose. oo.co- -----.<-~------- 106 IVETE igesees Bese oa gs seerene ns 106 deucalioni§ ------.---...----- 106 sedimentorum .......-..-.--- 107 SUE press Sage pense ge sees se en 12 MOV Soe dceeee one se esos 122 s[so sey a ee Ae meee 12,13 rote: Mas ah) ae neose Genser See ees 135 WHA Tis noe coded tos ocosasemsosece 2 minusculus (Toxorhynehus) ----- 27 (Balaninus)..-...---..--..-.. 143 Mononychus....---..----! ane 123, 129 moricollis (Centron) .--- 70 muratus (Listronotus) -- 88 WW GH WY eee So eaeecoge 1 Nanophyes------- ----- —--- 122 narwhal (Paltorhynchus) . : 18 Naupactus....... _ - 30,49 Neoptocus - 48 BD) anna ens eee nnes ce nnn=-ssee 48 AN GMTOULGNA ares ertnen seen 8 nilesii (Laccopygus) ----..------- 94 INOLATIS seeeecee ane ees ee 98 INGTON a eee ee oon once oss 98, 103 CLES a fal yi one rine Deano ee biaeree 104 obdurefactus (Exomias) ..-.-----. 40 obnuptus (Centrinus).-..--------- 138 obtusus (Acalyptus)-.-.....-.---- 108 ocenbatus (Evopes)..------------ 55 occultus (Geralophus) --.-.---.--- 74 oculatus (Toxorhynehusg) -------- 7 Oimlessaee cee cena oes a= 5 51,55 epiceroides ...-.....-..-....- 56 evanidus... 55 Opbryastes - - 36 compactus - 36 grandis - 36, 37 petrarum ....... eecceserccecs 36, 37 INDEX. Ophry estes Spates ets. ols aie 36,37 | primotinus (Coeliodes) ....-.-..-. 129 Ophryastini- -29,30,36 primulum (Teretrum) ........... 26 Ophryastites. - --- 36,38 principalis (Coccotorus) . - 109 absconsus 39 | Prionomerini .-86, 118 cinereus. - 39 Prionomerus - -118, 119 @ CUPS WSS 1) SS eee nena ae 3 ADVI P NS eae cca 3 z= 119 disportitus-..--2.----2--:2--+ 39,40 priscotitillator(Saperdirhynchus) 161 ON CNGS UCR acest essai reas 107,117 | pristinus (Brachytarsus) . Saad languidulus........-....--... 117 | Pristorhynehini. == (29,30 Orthop leraae sass eee ee nena ELS CTiG 1 ek Sen ae ea 98, 102 Oryetorhinus swo.---.=--5-—4---~ 146, 149 MBLUCIREUS aoe roca oe oein on 102, 103 ENUICOSERIS sn ee ae 149 WinGwlatus). 2.22 so. s=sese=- == 102 Otiorhynchids.----.2--.--.2--=< 4,5,29 profusus (Cryptorhynchus)....-. 127 Otiorhynchini -.-..---...--- 29, 30, 44,86 | Promecopini .........------.--- 29, 30, 61 Otiorhynchites....-.-.....-..---- 44,46 proveetus (Hylobius) -.......-..- 92 GEG ORE as Eon ee een BR tSTOCONN ame aa ee ea roe 3,11 commutatus PUtSrocolus 2-5: ssteswcccecclets ens 11,17 fossilis. .-- 7,46,47 | pumiceus (Geralophus) .-.-.-..-. 77 tysoni..- 46,47 | pumilum (Apion) .............-.. 82 Otiorhynehus - 30,44 | quiescitum (Teretrum).-.......... 26 LCI US) sais ees arene aisle 45 | receptus (Artipus).--............ 51 UT pee esas aba or aignes 44,45 | rectirostris (Paltorhynchus) -.... 19 perditus -----------.-........ 44,45 | peeuperatus (Lachnopus) .-..---- 52 sSubteractus..-----.---..-.--- 41,45 refraectus (Coniatus) ...--. 79 Welter eS ose Secnosesece not 44,45 | cefrenatum (Apion)... 85 EBOUGIODNIG nance saeco 89 | remotus (Tropideres) ~- 162 COM PLESSIS a eee = tral 89,90 repertus (Cratoparis) --- 166 MelevicinBies n> -oe- sae oe 89,90 repositus (Geralophus) -.- 76 deprmedatiig.. <2 —-- pose aaa. 89,91 | requiescens (Coccotorus) ..--.-.-. 109 packardii (Hylobius).-....-.---.- 92 restrictus (Balaninus) .......---. 142 paginarum (Sitona) ...........-.. 68 | retritus (Geralophus) .....--...-. 77 Paltorhynchus....-....---..-..-- 17,18 | reventus (Anthonomus).....----. 114 PIStICATIB ses =... eae e ana 18,19 | revictus (Anthonomus) ........-. 117 pers lt Clee ee oe ee ee URE || A Cee a noe ere 145 rectirostris.-----.---.-....... 18,19 | Rhinobatus -...--.--............ 94 partitus (Hormiseus) ----...-.-.- 1Gdyhinoeyilipee. sees occ es ne see 94 Pentutomid@..-.-..-..2....--2... 2 | Rbhinomacerid@ ....-...-...-...-.. 4,5 Pentatomine: = 22 -.252--secess ess 2 WOYNCRIUER ~ ose ase canes 12, 13,15 perditus (Otiorhynchus) ....-..-- 45 DPidolor ===-222cscsca27-s22se5e 15 petrarum (Ophryastes) ..--------. 37 | LOEW ee a Se a 16 tivo LOD amen aotearoa eae 29, 30,56 CINE Sademeceecnossrekesace 16 Phy lobia o--s2--2<=- 22-5 sos 5<5s 30, 56 RHI ene Sema core seccmeds, 15 BNTGCESHOL > soem mewn salen = 57 subterraneus. ae 15 UUS = ene o> Sew ata te eee ea 57,58 | Rhynchitide-. - -3,4,5, 11 carcerarius. .-- Rhynchitine -- - 3,11 Phytonomini---.-- Rhyuehophorini - 145 Phytonomus -- Rhyneolini-..-.-.-- 51 Phyxelis -..... | Rhysosternum ....-.--......--.- 123, 124 dilapsus -. | gternabile ....-...----.-.-.. 124, 125 eradicatus....-........-. lONPirOBie: = ----=- <---> 124, 125 evigoratus ---- 2 | Rhyssomatus .-.-----.---.--.--.. 123 RCIS BAB eee ore eae 42 | PADS CONN eetesee meme elena 123 Ror OEM tet stale em wie Sani te alate as a 146 | robustus (Eudomus) -.....------- 62 pinguis (Eudomus).---.--.-..---.- 63 | rudis (Synotomostylus) ....-...-. £0 TAs ere so cree eeaneeeemeccdas 89 | rugosa (Sciabregma) -..-..-.----- M7 Plagycorynus-.-..-...-........... 146 | rugosicollis (Lithophthorus)-..-. 154 Planocephalus <-—2-oacececn-2o = 2 | rupis (Masteutes)-....-...-.---.. 12 Platypodine rutus (Cossonus)..--------------- 155 LEGO open cman ceoeeeeeaco Saperdirhynchus .....--...-.---- 160 TEIN ROT) oo Secs rseeerebepeaose priscotitillator - 161 IB Oly HORNER peters eset se teeta saxatilis (Epicerus) - 32 Polygraphus saxifer (Masteutes) -. 13 wortheni 158 | saxorum (Hormorus) --- 33 primordialis (Entimus) ---.- 50 | naxnosus (Geralophus) - 75 primordius (Anthonomus) - - 112} Schizoneurine -.......--. 2 primoris (Cleonus)........----..- Oi) | Sciabregma)-.-e-s----<0cm eevee rae 146 206 Page. Sciabregma rugosa....-....-.---- 147 MOOLY tH OED ac mainte rer 4,5, 29, 156 CULV LLUks (NM Ase tees sees nett 159 OA ENG SS Ar ooasnosacscercsss 156 COLON sees seis a= 156 | SHO km as éaeneaoscoaqescsccenan 156 | Seyphophorus...-...,..---------- 146, 147 HORBIONIE conten ecee ence -eeeees 148 | iPad GL ASs5 aap AAeAononcesenoaso 148 Soythropus <<. - ssc.ewcencce-e--= 56, 58 SULCUS ane ee eee eae ci eee 59, 60 somniculosus ......----.----- 59, 60 subterraneus......-.--..-..-. 59 | secretus (Tychius). .-..-......-.. 120 | sectus (Eucryptus) ---.--..---.-. 64 seculorum (anymecus) .----.--. 49 | sedatus (Trypanorhynchus)...-..-. 22 sedimentorum (Magdalis) -- 107 SIDSNeS = eee eee eee ees Lm C\ ase oocockosbadessotas Sa teens accaecono aso sscoence exitiorum.....- | fodinarum paginarum 5 SHODIND=.os -oencr eee =e eases | Bui ChON Ye oes esse eee eee 98, 104 | Smicrcrhynchus .......-.-.--..-- 98, 104 | MBACP COs a ae eee eee e eee ee 105 smithii (Apion) 81 somniculosus (Scythropus) ------ 60 soporus (Anthonomus) .--------.- 116 sordidus (Anthribus) .--..-.--.-- 165 | Sphenophorini.....-.....--..--. 145, 146 Sphenophorus. - 146 SPodosribus....,ccecsscceencees-s 152 Page. Spodotribus terrentulus.......-.- 152 squalidens (Hylastes) .-.-..------ 159 stabilis (Cremastorhynchus)..... 110 Staphylinide Steganus...... | barrandei Stiraderes......... CONTA se esce se eeeee ee eee Strophosomus.--.-.-----2-2----=s 8 subjectus (Eocleonus) ..-.---...- 95 subteractus (Otiorhynchus) .---. 45 subterraneus (Rhynchites) ---.--. 15 (Seythropus) .--------------.- 59 Syntomostylus......-..-.------ - 49,50 ACHLUIS Soles pete eee 50 MGI sean Sa eescuaag tetas 50 tabescens (Rhyssomatus) = 123 | Tanymecini...-....-- .-29, 30, 49 Tanymecus.....-.-- | seculorum Tanysphyrus Penillus yess op sese eet = 8 eee tenuirostris (Oryctorhinus) 149 terebrans (Docirhynchus) - 24 jmteretrimem sce eee sean 2 primulum MQ ULGRCLUILIN eee ae ee eee 25, 26 terrentulus (Spodotribus) - 152 terrosus (Eudiagogus) -.-. 64 INDEX. Thylacites= -=-=---<--.-- DU ySanreee ss ae eee nea 2 Tomicini=:--222-2--s2<2ssereeseee 156, 157 Tophoderes - -- 164 Toxorhynehini............... «ee 17,23 oO Page. Toxorhynchus ............-.--+.- 23, 26 MINUVSGUU nse ce ans ones eee 27 OCDIRUUB ee eoe ae eee eee 27 Prachodinis. socstssms-= see eee ee 86 SnighBlophusion--~-= see ceaeeeeeee 73 Trigonoscuta. . -- 30, 34, 35 TR GN i me epi) eee 34 Tropideres. ..----..----..-.. 160, 161, 163 TEM OUUS seem oa te eee 162 VESt@lus).-s<