Prac bel ietmeneng = ye i i a ae payee pia eked P pienotarel at ett Mente ogi ie a ec eageeenahiprt oF ge eh Ap eece Cciceeethccraletaags yee SF nite ae aon eee pod > dtmnans bs «nt nde cae peramenn abpinndegtc Arty green a soe wre Tynan A age a ate ors Fie aa ee bb phe ha amet ots: LT hand iva-gow Bere rion. § (xe) i aaewnh oF pre Sate ee hi a be em pom seer PS SSG Node perspire de erpgeea sont 1 17s = Ta feared Feats hpeotaee cata aee mam enh an seeig' pay woreeewrnen let Se, ST A ee ee Rene oer ISLE Lia bpp cen ein ote ey anes SRT s peony eae Neem ejervs sees s. ae pice Ways oe owe y preerie opera ared anh o Me pep et arse ghien oF Se ES Ei pete eas Dameepee ned etl nes : ’ PEPE ET eS eS Ee a Ee ra cated che dem one pbs red ret veremwan ares ene alah done beeper be sip pe Rew OEY 9 pat anprpengn st geantlys Gee SS vp ate: Seeiaerereer tere) Fae fin oe td LPOG Oar SNOT TE al Leama ee yO Ee ne eet nod vom ihe Sams gee TE Seige IS oi eory of niSeapene: ae es > a pcgeie oa sat geclen ae eee wend fy 3 mere tate AISA ST er : eb ingore es Pec iabectns Berereen tried SOs op mere ee 3 batiepe vying S Peet eanay rapa Ane ome mete me wre ee PEAT — ete MS easy soos Pony yt. MP fey en ie pes ey meee set AS or eacip pee tnere a3 ne Since de * " i Rie Ss . SSrawee eal Mines teopeeiper * 20 tt LD ir OT edavaye aeeciees aah wehmeneds : Peosaseidoige per Prerxiies itegnmeey oa taney iar hay : pateincet aces Sb Ste ai atdemitiptinenesne? Pease erceng bere ay preearpos FL peooe pear a oA ron re aa Weeder phere Tiolpyg BAT ores rey icuae ctw nanan Ronee Shed aate epee wpe sete] ee ent se br Meee: + Uitte enh oe errers pre Serr PON Ie ee al ail ae le en ree Pe pert mip eeeeap aime Meese me Ane ne Beat hy Soaeeedon bine el rieyer permet a 5 eyes oe hte lsisce me sets Soareewal eles SN Be die doar ee dew: Breer 2 te * OCs. ass ve fe ek Cee ee a Fh a cang POC * Ba eale Seem eer st URN Mas wero sinee oats ee ary ome * Eta taae Pe Na aa iret i sett prve sen sae sree tery, eee tl eee * fase pln Piy eee mn wie eto o Biree cere eet ae aos theses Seat eri orto toot ea eeleie iy Se eee pene eee tery tes es err ne rage « whee Geaccoe ee te 6.09 2 carer EC Ae Tere sete ea eee ee ree te e pened depensd® ¢ ee wie ES, pod Sp eeapeger se sey age eet feat rie sper y itor pepe fe mb ins pthc caplet ete tes eee a toalaate eet eet paler ee erer et ise Le tite Seer Soa tise Sareea t ek eee, x o acetate apc: Se dime ek bbe rere ease” meer siadep a euialrrs ob teaiad mute g eee ie wd or $ ae iced : ; Rarer ce Wn ey rie en Ar a eet i tae ae f x hee oe fi ese iia dated beg : : Del Miele adel afield perereingt eer poe velger a sn gh om cre Gla reed a Aeon Nei, Paeconiats ie flr plo for gh ae i Comite stetaiet vary {Seen Pe seab ast nike bee permet aah eee oon tose pete ¢) 4 veumert = Pikersce peactee Coats ane iets I Peeper ion £73 Dare hie ork cane givek Abed ak bse eaens eb ocak oe pre eb, eg es co key tyee mm Bow ee rare idiepaas ESS Foley Y neste wd vie Dae tig ae fee shed nee i er eee eid ensue Data heen Peed as nrtroes ’ . eon ans yn Ge By eR ara BRO iad ww we Pat this whe” yl UA on he wast We doe WE eee meee aot DEUCE aOR UO EN Brey ip oe aon oe PACE LCT Aen ah bbs teeth sual aba =n fae eae ame sri war + oe eel ede denege w iSicatdy peaeaaatat peter tay ef aoe mar Be en Pee Cee oe oa ‘ de sete « ates eens Sarre ey +. mY fe ey oe te ne hp Siete RO he PL ewe neem ee Sige fits rome vee ae ae Meade serie eheoeavebur es + AU VOOR at ate ALH. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MONOGRAPHS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY VOLUMB 1x SSM), — yy a WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1885 So Ub Wi UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY J. W. POWELL DIRECTOR . BRACHIOPODA AND LAMELLIBRANCHTATA OF THE RARITAN CLAYS AND GREENSAND MARLS OF N HW J 2 RS EY BY ROBERT P. WHITFIELD WASHINGTON GOVERNMEN'Y PRINTING OFFICE 1885 CONTENTS: Page. etter of transmittal from Prof. George H. Cook -.----- -.- .-.--- <== -- --neee een nn = een === IX “Sketch of the geology of the Cretaceous and Tertiary Formations of New Jersey..---..--------- Ix Letter of transmittal from Prof. Robert P. Whitfield Preliminary remarks BPNCMMOM OU), -sacnbacicede anasto eos sSuwsde sage san soUSEcone grep bunesDoenmsesesan aneeuean oso eco 3 SrOrion le— brachiopod aot bhey Nari es) jase eee tee ane eee ae at a elle relate e ae -amellibranchiata Srmcrion 12.—Damellibranchiata irom the Raritan Clays ..--....----.--------.------------ TI. —Lamellibranchiata from the Lower Marl Beds .--....-...-----..--.. ------.- - IV.—Lamellibranchiata from the Middle Marl Beds..-.-.....-.----..--------.----- V.—Lamellibranchiata from the base of the Upper Marls VI.—Lamellibranchiata from the Eocene Marls VII.—Unionidx from the Camden Clays.-....-..-.------------ VIII.—Classified list of the species ..-...-..-.-- POS TRA ONS: Geologic Map of a part of New Jersey.* Page. PLATE J.—Brachiopoda of the Marla of New Jersey <-<- ...2.< -- .c2cc05 cece Me ccee caccee 270 II.—Lamellibranchiata of the Raritan Clays.--..-....---. s200.----- eeoces cence -- 272 IIT-—Ostreidz of the Lower Bed Greensand Marls ........ -.........----- -----<<--- 272 IV.—Ostreidz of the Lower Bed Greensand Marls ............------------ Bile! XXIV.—Anatinidw and Saxicavide of the Lower Bed Greensand Marls..-.....-..----.- 316 XXV.—Solenid and Pholadid of the Lower Bed Greensand Marls ............---.-- 318 XXVI.—Lamellibranchiata of the Middle Bed Greensand Marls ..............-...----- 320 XXVII.—Lamellibranchiata from the base of the Upper Bed Greensand Marls.......--- 322 XXVITII.—Lamellibranchiata from the base of the Upper Bed Greensand Marls ......---. 324 XXIX.—Lamellibranchiata from the Eocene Layers, Upper Bed Greensand Marls ...--. 326 XXX.—Lamellibranchiata from the Eocene Layers, Upper Bed Greensand Marls ..---- 325 XXXI.—Unionide from Lignitic Clays at Fish House, New Jersey.....--..-.--.------- 330 XXXII.—Unionide from Lignitic Clays at Fish House, New Jersey........-..-.-------- 332 XXXIII.—Unionide from Lignitic Clays at Fish House, New Jersey....-...-..--.-.----- 334 XXXIV.—Unionide from Lignitic Clays at Fish House, New Jersey....-...---...-.----- 336 XXXV.—Unionide from Lignitic Clays at Fish House, New Jersey..---...---.--------- 33: FIGURE) 1. —Sectloniacross! Cretaceous;strata nas 4--ce ieee coer eas econo ees sees sae eeeee eee x 2,—Columnar section of Cretaceous'strata 2-5- .--5 ones -eces- 2-25 222-56 aeee eee eee ix * In pocket at end of volume, Vil LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. GEOLOGICAL SurvEY oF New JERSEY, New Brunswick, N. J., April 15, 1884. Sir: I have the honor herewith to transfer to you the text and draw- ings of the Fossil Brachiopoda and Lamellibranchiata of the Raritan Clays and Greensand Marls of New Jersey. They have been prepared by Prof. Robert P. Whitfield for the Geological Survey of that State. While the fossils here described have come from a limited district of the United States, it is a district which drew the attention of paleontologists earlier, and has been studied longer, than any other, so that it is classic and typical ground for all American geologists. As such we esteem it worthy of a place among the Monographs of the United States Geological Survey, and with high appre- ciation leave it in your charge for publication and general distribution. I also here append a SKETCH OF THE GEOLOGY OF THE CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NEW JERSEY. The invertebrate fossils described in this and the succeeding volumes have been found in the geological formations which make up the southern half of New Jersey. The northwestern boundary of these formations may be traced by a line drawn in a southwesterly direction from Staten Island Sound, on the eastern border of the State, to the Delaware River at the mouth of Assanpink Creek, in Trenton, on the western side. ‘The other boundaries are the Atlantic Ocean and Delaware Bay and River. The boundaries, except the first, need no more specific description. The north- western boundary can be traced with a good deal of accuracy from the Ix x [ey $e Wh EX ta 2 Ce) Fa 9 3 ° v o % bw ® c 1S) CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NEW JERSEY. Upper Marl bed 37 ft. Yellow sand 43 ft. Middle Marl bed 45 ft. Lower Marl bed 3O ft Clay marls 2774. Sand Clay and Lignite =| Clay and + Sand Stoneware Clay Bed Sand and Clay 50 ft. South Amboy Fire Clay Bed 20ft. Kaolin 13 £t. “Feldspar Bit. Micaceous Sand Bed 20 ft. Laminated Clay and Sand go ft, Pipe clay 15 ft. Woodbridge - Fire Clay Bed 20 ft. Fire Sand Bedys5 ft, Bizediay Bed 15 ft. =| Potters Clay Bed 24-4) Raritan Red Shale 347 ft. Fic. 1.—Columnar section of the Cretaceous strata of Eastern New Jersey. Sound, about four miles northeast of Woodbridge, through the part of that village, and then across northern the hills to Metuchen, and onwards to the Raritan, which it crosses in the southern part of the city of New Bruns- wick, and thence onward to Ten-Mile Run and Kingston, and thence along the valley in which the Delaware and Raritan Canal runs on the south of Princeton and Trenton to the Delaware River. The outcropping edge of these formations is thin, so that in many places the underlying red sandstone is exposed in the inequalities of the surface, or is easily reached in digging. This, of course, must leave the edge somewhat irregular, and in one place in Middlesex County, north of the Raritan, the red sandstone rises in a considerable hill south of this line, and is entirely surrounded by the white clays of this later formation. The Raritan clay beds, with their intermediate beds of sand, which are the lowest in the series here described, are retained as a part of the Cretaceous series. Stratigraphical relations war- rant this. The very few fossil shells which have been found in them are of estuary forms, and are thought by some paleontologists to bear a close resem- to those of the Wealden or Jurassic age. blance The greensand and in- CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NEW JERSEY. XI termediate beds which lie immediately over BONHAMTOWN these, and as far as seen, with the same gen- eral dip, though a little smaller in amount, are rich in marine fossils which are unques- tionably of the Cretaceous period. The numerous beds and strata of the series all dip gently to the southeast, the descent being not more than 40 feet per mile; while the underlying red sandstone dips towards the northwest at an angle of 10° or 1 Pe The accompanying section, Fig. 1, across the Cretaceous and Eocene strata in Middle- sex and Monmouth Counties, in which part of the State they are best exposed, will suffi- BEACON HILL ciently illustrate their mode of occurrence. The columnar section, Fig. 2, will further show the thickness of the Cretaceous and HOLMDEL Eocene strata, as far as present demonstra- ; ‘ tab tions extend; and the map of the part of New yin HOP BROOK ABBE MoS AED 0. =ei== a oe ———— Jersey in which these strata are found will YELLOW BROOK Dag make plain the numerous references to local- ities, which are given in the descriptions of HOCHHOCKSON BROOK species. In addition to the outcrop as given CRANBERRY WILL on the map, and the dip as shown in the section, the correctness of the columnar SHARK RIVER STA. section has been proved by the borings in several artesian wells in which the successive strata of greensand, clay, ete., have been met in the order here laid down. The Miocene SHARK AIVER VILLAGE ‘(qsvoyj10ou Saryooy) Aosaoe MON UdloyseG JO VIBIYS SUOGDEJOLD OT} SSO.1Ov SOTIUI OY OTS [vo So[oaH—"s ‘OI is found, with its characteristic fossils, in several isolated localities in the counties of Sass te (= = PQ 2.0 3, Cumberland and Salem, but no structural ATLANTIC OCEAN or other well-marked geological peculiarities of these beds have yet been developed. XII CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NEW JERSEY. The greater part of the State south of the Cretaceous and Eocene strata is without fossils by which to determine its geological age. It is, however, later than the Miocene, as is to be seen where they meet, and it is older than the Glacial, as is shown where the glacial drift overlies the same for- mation in some of the country immediately north of the Raritan. It ap- pears to be regularly stratified, though all the strata are earthy, no rock having been met in boring into it. Regular and extended beds of clay and sand have been found in the various places which have been bored into, but no fossils have been met with. In this state of our knowledge, it is safe to call these beds representatives of the Pliocene age. The tide marshes, the sand beaches, and some low lying upland on the borders of the sea and bay sides, are of the Quaternary period, and fur- nish a few fossils which scarcely differ from the living species now found in the adjacent tide waters. From the foregoing sketch of the geology of Southern New Jersey, it will be seen that by far the greater number of fossils described in this work are from the greensand beds of the Cretaceous formation. Fossils are really much more abundant in these beds than in any of the others, and, besides, these beds have been opened more extensively than any others on account of the value of the marls which compose them, and which are used for fertilizing the soil. Some of the species are very abundant, while of many others only single specimens have been found, and very many of these forms have only been found as imperfect casts. There is no complete collection of these fossils, and the Geological Survey of New Jersey possesses only a small part of them; for the remain- der specimens have been borrowed wherever they could be got, and their ownership is given in the printed descriptions. The fossils in the New Jersey marls attracted the attention of natural- ists at a very early day; Dr. 8. G. Morton and Prof. L. Vanuxem, of Phil- adeiphia, described some of them in the sixth volume of the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences in 1828~29, and in the seventeenth volume of the American Journal of Science in 1880, and since that time many additions have been made to the number described by others, whose names will ap- CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NEW JERSEY. XTII pear in their proper places. This work of Professor Whitfield, in bringing the fossils together and in revising and correcting imperfect descriptions, and in making new and better drawings of the fossils, will be appreciated by every paleontologist; and the new species he has been able to add give completeness to the subject, and it is hoped will make the book a useful and standard one both for the student and the field geologist. Heretofore, many of these fossils which were described were not figured, and the descriptions were scattered in so many different works that they were practically inac- cessible to most persons, and especially to those who by their residence on the formations were most competent to make collections. It is a publica- tion which has long been looked for by citizens interested in geology, and it is fair to anticipate from its use much benefit to the scientific geology of the region from which its materials are drawn. As the collected work of the pioneers in paleontological study on this continent, it becomes of permanent interest to geologists both for the per- sons whose labors it perpetuates and the localities which they explored. I am, with high respect, your obedient servant, GEO. H. COOK, State Geologist of New Jersey. Maj. J. W. Powe tt, Director U. S. Geological Survey. See. ee eee ee ee Ti, O. subspatula Lyell and Forbes.......-.- Suey L. OF Stecticosta.Gap0ess eee ee eee ee Ib Genus GRYPH@®A. G. Bryani {Gabo ec een aoe ae eee U. G. Bryani, var. precedens Whitfield .........-.-- M. G. convexa. Mortons oes eee ee eee Ib, Ge MUU MUNA ie eskonossaneansdoacce Suc De. G. vesiculans, amanch. = 30) eae yap) Bea 8 G. VATS Maa OCMICIa en eee L. M. Genus GRYPHMOSTREA. G. vomer Morton 2. seca oe ee ee ee M. Genus ExoayRra. K. costata, SQys22 ter aoe oe eee eee L. Family ANOMITD. Genus ANOMDAGCe 2S Se eee ee eee eee L, A. argentaria WMorion 22272 care LE. A. iellinvides=Morton: 222 =. eee eee L. Genus D1IpLoscHIZa. 1D) erétacea Conrad; 2 en eee ee eee L Genus PARANOMIA. Pp: lineata (Conrad .= 3.4225.) oe eee eee L. ie Scabra Mortons: -oee eee ee ee iby CLASSIFIED LIST OF THE SPECIES. Family PECTENID. Genus Pecten Klein. iep KineiskermiComrad: 222 255.2 S. ee HE P: planocostatus Whitfield 22 2.22.) 2s L 12. quinguenarus Conrad <2! 22 2.) ae ee L. Pp. Rue oye HU fieUa eee eee a tere kOe ae Oe E. 12. RAMUINES IS (GH. 2. Sooke es AaB e eee aoe Sean L. 1B. WOMUGIIS WW OUD 0s aces qe ere eae e Somes e L. P. (CuLamys) craticulus Morton .....-.....--.- L. EP. (SyncycLonEMA) perlamellosus Whitfield .... .L. Genus Amusium. TN BimaplieuminsConnadss 2 oss. hac. eet eee E. A. Conradwianiiiclle -2 See ee ee ee ib, Genus CAMPTONECTES. Ge (AmusiuM) Burlingtonensis Gabb...-..------ L. C. aENAISE WANG fUCld = Sey Tene ee spans eee BO L. Gense NETCARE AS DROUCt ex 2 Bao. aon oe ya So ge ee Lb N. QuImGHEecOstata Somerby nce ee ee eee L. Family SPONDYLIDZ. Genus Sponpytus Lamarch. 8. erevallis; Mortem os sU on os See Soe Ree ee L. Genus Diancuora Sowerby. 1D), echinata: Mortont 9" ef ee L. Genus PuicatuLta Lamarck. 12. Uri COsae Orton eke ee eee Shy Genus Raputa Klein. 1 Rt, AcuilinestasCOnnan tes => eee ee L. R. pelagica Morton =o 255.) saan ee ee Jb Fe rericulata yell andi Horbes 44 ae ae L. Suborder HETEROMY ARITA. Family MYTILID. Genus Mytinus Linneus. M. Oblivias yw Vhificldcems | te ee L. Genus Mopiona Lamarck. M. Burlingtonensis Whitfield..........-------- Ih 256 PALAONTOLOGY OF NEW JERSEY. Family MYTILIDA&—Continued. Genus Moprota—Continued. M. (Litnopomus?) inflata Whitfield .....-..---- M. M. connsoml. Wohiield +.) ee eee See eee U. M. Jrulia: eg Ssa53 2 3 Re ee Ihe M. ovata Gabb! 2 52-2 2 Se ae ee ee M., Genus Liraopomus Cuvier. Ibe afamis \GQRb.s i= 3.2 ko ee he A eee The 1B; RipleyanaGabb....- cs 33 See eee Ih Family PTERNDA Meek. Genus Preria Scopoli. ite cnosa= Avicula annosa Conrad...---.------ Ei. 12. laripes WMorton:=.-<.. 25 ee ae Ih, RB: navicula.Whiiield.... 5. = 2 sans see es ee Ve 124 petrosa \Comnad. =u.) 42. Sas Soe aoe Jb Genus MeLEAGRINELLA Whitfield. M. abrupta, “Conrad's: sp’: =) 22 25 Saas eres L. Genus Gervituiopsis Whitfield. G. ENnSitormisi@O77 00 sea ee ee ee L. G. minim, PCR eIa: i ee Ib Genus [nocEramus Sowerby. le Barabini Mortons 22 = aa eee ee ee Ih The perovalis-Convad.~ a seeer sees eee ee ere LL. 1e pro-obliqua Whitfield =. 528s ae eee L. Le quadrans. WV hifeld ase Sas ee eee Gp i, Nagensis: Owen 24. oe ee ee Seer Ibs I. Sagensis, var. quadrans Whitfield ........--.. L. Family PINNID. Genus Pryna Linneus. lee laqueata. Conrad 22... (See = op eee L. 12) rostriformis. Mortons 74 see ee M. Suborder DIMYARIA. Family ARCIDZE. Genus Arca Linneus A. altirostris:Gabp 2-2-2283 ae ee ee L. A. quindecimradiatanGabb.:= oe eee U. CLASSIFIED LIST OF THE SPECIES. Family ARCIDA—Continued. Genus Nemoarca Conrad. N. eretacea Conrad nse nae oe Bape ae L. Genus Nremopon Conrad. N. angulatum:Gabp. 2. 2220 se ss ae See HE, N. DRE VANCOMShC 01,7, eee ene L. N. Hrtanlensisz Gayoso aioe ee te ee Ib Genus Breviarca Conrad. B. SaltOudis G GU0Rs eye Sod eee ee re ee Sb, Genus TRIGONARGA. . ae CuinemiOMIMNS COWRM) .55 6ocanencecesecesacc Th, Ae Mme, COs acopocosceadsonuese pee Se Genus Creora Browne. Cc: MMU tna Lahn G0 Oe ee 5. te ae Se es es DG C. ODES a GN LCI bse = ic 2 sea) ee ek ee eee ree ND, C. rostellatar Monona nee oe ee eee Li: C WMO SIS CONFOE a. etk Dee = ne eo oa ee eee Ik Genus Iponrarca Conrad. 1E, ambrosandLOrlOne oe, Se ee eo IG 1 compressirosira Whitfield == ess sea Soe M. he TIC UIRAIS VALLE L Od ee ten te eek a ee M. le itp panes (CONG: a eat ae See eee eee ily I Vloaris Onions Sar. 2. er eee ee LT, N. Gabbana: Whitfield =. a. eee Ti: N. longifrons. Conrad 3.2 o28 -. 2ahe hee eee LI N. pinniformis.(Gabb —~ JA eee eee L. N. protexta Gabo 2. Ne. 222os6 oole mee eee Ib; Genus Prerrisonota Conrad. IE. protexta Conyad..3 2552228. 3-4 eee oT: Genus Nucutaria Conrad. N. papyria, Conrad 2/5252. ees eee ere VE N. secunda: Wheield. «=... Sh ne oe iby We THOWMDOIGCA CONFGD 22-2 ate ee ete U. Me SUOMAIISROOMHGG: =. 5225. 22 oe os ae) eee Ib, Vi tapeZOIdem COMTAG: 0.) se Panes ee ID) Y; Ne IT Mea ODE tapes Are ess < 1. Sree ere eee 1G) Genus Amponicarpium Whitjield. A. CookimManiieldon oss oct eee JES} Genus Isocarpia Lamarck. If @onnadigG 00m se 2 <5. 2 ooo aes Coe ee M. Genus SpHarioua Stoliczka. ; S. WMO MALA VRIECLO a. OS ono oe ee eee ibe Family CYRENID/E. Genus CorspicuLa Muhlfeld. (C ANMNOSAMGONCUN ae tee eee ete eee eee (Pa: C. emaceratar Wig fe cee ose eee PEC. Suborder SINUOPALLIATA. Family VENERIDZ. Genus Cauuista Poli. C. DelawarensiseGaup. 5. see 8 ee eee oe L,. Genus Caryatis Roemer. GC: ovalis: VWiWGiCldy as - ee Ae ee ee ee oe E. Ce 6 Veta CRUG CLM Ra emcrs areca, WE ee ee en) een wage (OE, Genus ApHropina Conrad. iN Lippamal Conrad: 2. fe pe eS L. Genus CyprimerRIA Conrad. C. OX CAV ala UMLOMES roe ee ete te eee eek nee Jb Bk NGOTIS DITA G OMT Cer yee ee te ee ee Te C. dopressar Conndis ee eae ase ss eee Thy, C. fel primi Wiiiifelder aa oo te een ee Te C. ONSITE ACLU RIG ee ent ty 5 ee eee EE Bes eet iby Genus Dostnta Scopoli. D ? GLECtM ALC Ue, Seen eh sees ase Shy Dp: Gabbi Whitfield ...... BSAA pO RNCEe ete IG; 262 PALHONTOLOGY OF NEW JERSEY. Family VENERIDA—Continued. Genus TEnEA Conrad. Jee pines Conrad’. = 5572s Diese ee eee L. Family PETRICOLID. Genus Perricota Lamarck. P. Nova-digyptica Whijficll 22.262 eee Ob Family TELLINID. Genus Tenimena Conrad. A. ebotea ie A200 ee eee L. Genus Lingaria Conrad L. contracta WW Wigields =a eee. See I. L. TM CLAUS ELA 0101 C01 en ae L. Genus 4orA Conrad. A. cretacea: Conrad ee. 32. ce ee ee eee D. Genus Ainona Conrad. A. Hufaulensis Conrad <2... 2-> ee Jae ee ee L. A. papyria: Connadl sn: a5 oe oe cre ee L. Genus Cortmya Agassiz. (OF tenuis: Wiiijield 235 #2 ae eee ee ee ee Be Family DONACINIDZ. Genus Donax Linneus. iby Ford, Gea 2) 3. eee ee ee ee L. Family MACTRIDZ. Genus VELEDA Conrad. V. equilatera Whitfield. Ve lintea, Conrad:..< . 22350 ene eee ds We nasuta..W hittell. 6 2002- Sao 2 ee (Of. Ni tellinoides: Whitfield =o Sse ee eee L. Wh EEATISVCESA MV VAUE/LCLO) See 1D, Genus GnatTHopon Rang. G. tenuidens Whijfield 22 3554-2502. 2a eeee PSG: Family ANATINID. Genus PHotapomya Sowerby. i occidentalis Morton’ 2-2 "a7 a eee eee IR, IP. Roemer) Whitfield: «Sie eee eee Shy CLASSIFIED LIST OF THE SPECIES. 963 Family ANATINID A\—Continued. Genus PertpLtomya Conrad. 12 ellipiicayGonnad a=sco-m.sssee ee see = eel led manent, OCHA aac b ab boseneeoudeddie aoc U. Genus Crercomya Agassiz. C. peculiaris Conrad. s—= na aa = © etapa iD: Family CORBULIDK. Genus CorsuLa Brug. (Gi erassiplica: GQpUe 2755 See a ae eee ra toe L. C: oallkin2ea: sac epee oe ee eee ee wb C. Sulvcomipressa GavGis ssc 8 a2 ee Sn L C. (Nr@ra) nasutoides Whitfield.......-. .-... E. Genus Nemra Gray. N. wequivalvis Whelan a= - asa eee ee If Family SAXICAVID. Genus Panopra Menard. iP elliptic WViiiiield eee ees. eee (es IP. decisasConnad seer ee eee I Family SOLENID As. Genus SotyMa Conrad. S. line olatasCowodeeemet-. - . se eee Ik Genus LreprosoLen Conrad. 1% biplicatas' Comrades. |. .42. hoe eee ree Jb Genus LeGumMen Conrad. Ik, APPLeSSUMCONNG. Cs 2 eee eee ee. = a Lb, L. planulatum)Connadi asst ta ys ee E. Genus Siriqua Muhlfeld. S. GretaceayG UD ee eee 2. ee one be Family PHOLADID. Genus PHouas Linnceus. RP: CiihanayVMiGiionmeerse: ee os ee ee ib Pee el ALAA CIMe ee, Soi. s So's Se Ee 15, Genus Martesia Leach. M. (BHoOuAs)weretacea: Gabb:j. - -. sacs eee L Genus ParRAPHOLAS Conrad. 12 iKoreiskernis \WAn0ij1el0 ne Ey 264 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW JERSEY. Family TEREDIDZ. Genus TrerEDo Linneus. AL emacerata Whitfield a irregularis Gabb lye tibialis Morton Family GASTROCH ANID. Genus GastrocHaNA Spengler. G. Americana Gabb Genus CLavaGELLA Lamarck. C. armata Morton ZHORA cretacea. .- ALECTRIONIA linguafelis 223 AMBONICARDIA.....--.-2--------- 2-0 een ee = ene e ee nee aes 24 (Ofifalfaitic aSensseodcosaad one Crees = Soares Ee ceseSe 25 AmusiuM Burlingtonensis -....---.------------------- 53 Conradi 52 Simplicum -. 2.22. --sneneescecenen ce cene ne onee===- 51 Anatina elliptica ......-------4-2--2-e0e--- 20 eee ee oes: 177 ANAND A pes omene nee e =a eele senna anna ene 175, 220 ANODONTA corpulentoides......-------------+--------- 252 Prandoides ..---- 2 ---~ ona v nana an cee n en nnnnninnwm ne 251 ANOMIA argentaria.....-----.-------+------- 2-2-2 2-2 42 micronema ..-.--. sesnesosesoscosaasoysonossesegccs 42 OOUQUG)=no nen === == wecunemanaclee=-eeeneee-==- 25 === 42 telinoides)--- se —-—anon ea ta == 43 CAS ESD eee ea el 42 APHRODINA Tippana - --.-- 154 JNTROP = neem mo neceda penoeod 82 altirostris..-....-. 82 Bufaulensis ..----- 83 multiradiata ...--- 94 quindecimradiata - 208 rostellata ....-------------- eee ee ene n- enna =~ === 91 Saffordi - . 87 UNUOPSIS . 2. = a= n= a2 nnn n nn ew en enn nnn none anna ne 2 ARCIDZ --2.--- ASIPHONIDA .....-- 2000+ cannes coce = enema = -onee-e=--e= 29 ASTARTE annos 26 COCTONGIINE = 3 Scape eecaoseccoscec oeeeersereasecs 231 CORDLCUL A eae ae arn eee 128 CTEM UT OU wo nla ies anle a ene ate al l= mina lolm 128 OCLOLUT OD. 64, 197, 207 WMAVITUBS) oo 2 = o-oo eee eee een ane nena 64 ODliwaS) ease eae ea lee el 64 INYO Se Bee COSTAE SG OO SECO CLOSE ERE IE SOOSe9 239, 240 eequivalvis ..-..---.--.---------2-----+------------ 240 nasutoides 239 NRITHEA.-.. ~~. --22-- 6-2 -22-2n en enn enn nne nnn = 56 IMOrton ..---- 2<- ccc mnnnne enene=-o==n=a= === O 56 quinquecostata.......----.---------------- 56 IEMOARCA .....--------------- 86 eretacea...-------.--------- 86 NEMODON ---.-.------- 83 angulatum ..-.-.....-. 84 brevifrons ..---.- 85 Enufaulensis - - - ae e3 ENG GU eset eee le - -102, 227 CINCO as hse aes ae ane em Sep PPA Monmouthensis...--..--..---- --- 102 percrassa -..-- -------------- - -102, 103 percrassa..---------- cL OD: perequalis 104 Slackiana -.--.-- 103 NucuLana albaria -- 228 albaria ...-.----- 106 angulatum ...--- 84 compressifrons -..-..-.------------------ ----2+---- 109 Gabbana .----- mes 106 longifrons ..-..---..--------------------22--------- 107 pinnaformis . ...---.----..-------+----------------- 108 protexta ...--. 105 protexta ..- 106 Slackiana -.--- 103 subangulatum ..-.---.----------------------------- 84 INU CUTGAURUAN se oe eles es ere een Sete eretS Seeeee 111, 229 pNP UH 6 presse a aoemocesenoses Sccoee eee Cebeeaseas 111 BCCUNGR aes ane eee nee eee ee eee 229 INO URIODY. oF Soe scgcnacOncr dacsR ec OMSL MOI EDOCOSSEaSee 102, 227 Ospriozolen cretaced ~ > Te » a an ae a ‘ —— 1 ee JE | Ejay AY IB) IE GRYPH2tA VESICULARIS Lamarck..-.....-.--.-..---.---- --<-- Aistib os NESTS Pate ema epee Fig. 1. Exterior view of a specimen which somewhat approaches G. Pitcheri in form. 2, View of the upper side of the same. 3. View of the upper side of a large flat form having a deep lateral channel. See Pl. V, Fig. 2, for profile. DIRLOSCHIZA(CRETACEAN COntad sce sac/ceracise oe eee tees vee ee ee oe ee ee ee eee Vigs. 4and 5. Views of a broad specimen doubtfully of the species. 6-8. Copies of Mr. Conrad’s figures of the type of the species. MNOMIA ARGENTARIA MOrt0n) .22-- -¢cces cao en ae casas en ace ee see eee eee ee Vig. 9. View of a large specimen referred to this species. 10. View of a valve haying the specific markings described hy Dr. Morton. 11. An enlargement of the surface of the same. ANOMIA TELLINOIDES Morton =. - 10-12 02c1eeos eae el eee Sane oes = ee eee eee ee Fig. 12. View ef a group of lower valves of this species. 13. Upper surface of a cast of both valves, showing the form of the perforation and indistinct wrinkles near the border of the valve. 276 43 . U S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. ee MONOGRAPH IX. PLATE IV, 3 DS m B GRYPHAA VESICULARIS Lamare Fig. 1. Upper view of a large flat _ Pyenodonta. ; ; - 2. Lateral view of the specimen shown on Plate IV, Fig. and the depth of the lateral sinuosity. 3. Lateral view of the specimen, Pl. III, Fig. 16. _ 278 : i ae U.S.GEOLOGIGAL SURVEY MONOGRAPH IX. PLATE LAMELLIBRANGCHIATA RETA IIS L WE A EXOGYRA COSTATA Say..-a-tsse-csime-- =e eee meee eee Fig. 1. View of the upper side of a characteristic specimen of | 2. Opposite side of the same. 280 ‘ = a ol ‘ U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MONOGRAPH 1 PLATE ° LADowe del Tt Sinclair & Son Phila LAMELLIBRANCHIATA (CRETACEOUS LOWER MARL BEDS ) : eee ye , i — as Hv oh eS oe ee oe ~~ ee 7 i a is PLATE VII. Page. PECTEN VENUSTUS Mortons oo. c-e eee oce ee eee eee ne eee siete rien sacar ene 45 Fig. 1. View of a cast of a right valve enlarged to two diameters. E 2. Enlarged view of a right valve, preserving the shell, from Freehold, N. J. 3. View of a left valve. The curved lines indicate the degree of convexity. 4. Enlarged view of the hinge of the specimen, Fig. 3. ; PECTEN: TENULTESTUS GabDy seeeoseu- season eee ee ee ee 4 Fig. 5. View of a lett valve, the shell preserved. 6. View of another left valve, showing a different degree of ornamentation. PECTEN (SYNCYCLONEMA?) PERLAMELLOSUS Whitfield ..........-..--..------ .----- -2e-----e 50 Fig. 7. View of the specimen described, natural size. AMUSIUM CONRADI Whitfield. coco scoters ses dav 52 Tig. 8. View, enlarged, of a left valve showing indistinct radii. 9. Enlarged view of a right valve showing the concentric lines. 10. Enlargement of the concentric lining of the right valve. AMUSIOM, SIMPLICUM Conrad (2 mac scm oa sata eo eee es ee al Figs. 11 and 12. Enlarged views of specimens of this species from Eufaula, Ala., the typical locality of the species. The lines between these figures show the convexity. PECTEN QUINQUENSRIUS) Conrad seasa- eee ee oh Soe nae eee 47 Fig. 13. View of a small right valve from the limestone nodules at Marlborough, N. J 14 and 15. Impressions in fine mieaceons clay, from Freehold. 16. Enlargement of the surface from Fig. 14. PECTEN (CHLAMYS))(CRATICULUS Montons- oor ones nae ae ee 49 Figs. 17 and 18. Views of Dr. Morton’s type, the largest fragment I have seen of the spe- cies. 282 U.S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. ALTER AEE: ee <= Pe ae LAMELLIBRANCHIATA (CRE JEN Ly MI a, WAIL ICIES CAMPTONEROTES PAR VUS) Wibitfield):222- oe ce se ntemeeinee= eeee eee eee eee Fig. 1. View of the left valve. Enlarged three diameters. The curved line shows the con- vexity of the valve. 2. Enlargement of the surface, showiug the impressed and interrupted stria. CAMPTONECTES BUREINGIONENSIS GabDb) - 25-6. sonora = 2s eae oem nae el eee Fig. 3. View of left valve of a small shell. 4, An enlargement of the surface of the same, showing its features. 5. A right valve of similar size. 6. An enlargement of the surface of the same from near the margin. Both this and the last are from the typical specimens used by Mr. Conrad in the description of C. bellisculptus. . View of a large imperfect valve from Freehold, retaining a part ot the shell. View of Mr. Gabb’s type, which is a cast from Burlington, N. J. . View of a small valve, showing the strix, from Freehold. PECTEN PLANICOSTATUS WRYUfield eae seam a teisey cpa ie cp eed ete i Fig. 10. View of a left valve, showing the smooth flattened ribs 11. Enlargement of the surface showing the form of rib, and the fine, even, concen- tric striae. NEITHEA QUINQUECOSTATA Lamarck Coan Figs. 12 and 13. Views of a very large lower valve of the species; being only a cast and imperfect, it does not fully show the features of the ribs. Fig. 14. View of a small upper valve, from a gutta-percha impression in the nataral mold, Holmdel, N. J. 284 3 43 PLATE Vili 1X MONOGRAPH Cannes ane re SURVEY. .S.GEOLOGICAL See LAMELLIBRANCHIATA PAVE ES PLICATULA URTICOSA Morton 32-13. 2s = seoejcoseecic~ co ceisacs see macesiec cae eeaee eseeeoeeeeee Fig. 1. View of a specimen from Freehold, N. J. 2. View of a different individual, showing considerable variation in surface characters from the last. RADULA, PELAGICA Morton)... 22. - 2c seccac/sooeaerencsscisie- oc sore ce ee see eee eee eee Fig. 3. View of the right side of a specimen preserving a portion of the shell, and show- ing angular plications; from Holmdel, N. J. 4, View of a smaller shell, entire, with rounded plications, from the limestone nodules at Holmdel, N. J. 5. Posterior view of a specimen from Holmdel, showing the curvature of the shell. RADULA ACUDILINE ATA Conrad cep -aseseeeene eae eee i oh ts a eee Fig. 6. Enlarged view of a shell from Haddonfield, N. J., showing the narrow radii. “7. Enlargement of the surface of the same. RADULA RETICULATA Lyéll'and) Horbes asec. 228 see eee eee oe oe eee Fig. 8. A view, enlarged to two diameters, of a shel] from Upper Freehold, N. J. 9. Profile view of the same, showing its convexity. PARANOMIA TINBATA( Conrad). :cjoe cocoa cen elsae= = eee eee ee ene eee ee ee eee Vig. 10. View of an upper valve of this species, imperfect at the upper edge. SPONDYLUS(GREGADIS Morton seer seems see eee ee eee eee a Figs. 11 and 12. Views of a very fair lower valve of large size, showing the features very perfectly. The shell shows a perforation made by some boring mollusk during life. 236 Page. 61 61 62 63 45 57 MONOGRAPH {x PLATE JX CRETACEOUS —~-LOWER MARL BEDS eA ee SPONDYLUS/GREGALIS| Mortone=-- 3-3 ele ee = eee ee See ie eee oe nll edna ermine ele te etal Fig. 1. View of the upper side of a cast showing the muscular sear. From Upper Free- hold, N. J. 2. View of the lower side of a smaller specimen. IDTANGHOR AYE CHUN AAG MOY: iO Ties eee een eee estes eee SSeS Sa aonbeep tose st once Figs. 3-5. Three views of a nearly entire upper valve preserving the surface structure, and the margins of the foramen entire. Morton’s type. 6. A young lower valve having a fragment of foreign shell attached at the apex. Holmdel, N. J. 7. View of lower valve attached to Exogyra costata. Wreehold, N. J. 8. View of a similar valve attached to Gryphaa vesicularis. 9. Cardinal view of a specimen preserving the lower valve and part of the upper, the most of the latter being internal cast. PARANOMTA)SCABRA MON UOD) eo worm ater ee eee oe ee Fig. 10. View of the type specimen of Dr. Morton. I have seen no entire individual valves, and only a few other fragments. 288 Page, av 59 44 U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MONOGRAPH (X PLATE X. LAMELLIBRANCHIATA CRETACEOUS OWER IARI 3EDS 12 Vy AN SDIB) 2S Io Nvcuca Monmoumaensis: Whitheld)..-ese--2-5 440s eneee cone ace eee eae eee enaateene Fig. 1. View of a left valve, natural size. NUCULA (SUACKIANA Gabb 225-2. .- S20 2522eo.5-cee sete eee see eee ee tee eee eee eee Fig. 2. View of the right side of the type specimen, 3. Left valve of a larger example. NUCULA -PERCRASSA’ Conrad! - 55. 25. scceca ce esek despre sneeke oem ee ne oe eee eee eae Fig. 4. View of a specimen from the micaceous clays below the Lower Marls near Marl- borough, N. J. 5 and 6. Views of a cast supposed to be from Haddonfield. NUCULANA, (PINNARORMIS (Gabby. eee ac one oe eee ee ne eee nee ane one ee eee Fig. 7. View of the type specimen, enlarged three diameters. 8. View of a more elongated form, presumably of the same species, enlarged four diam- eters. NUCULANA’ (COMPRESSIBRONS, Conrad 2a. oese a see sole eee eee eee eee eee eee re eee eeeeee Fig. 9. View of one of the type specimens greatly enlarged. NUCULANA PROTEXTA |GabDj.coe sn — te eee pee ieee ee ee eee nee oreo eee eee eee tig. 10. View of the specimen figured by Mr. Gabb as the type of the species, partially restored. NUCULANA Gabbana ‘Whitfield. 2. 2-.2¢s-e- see one seen oe see eee eee Fig. 11. View of a small individual corresponding to Mr. Gabb’s figure. 12 and 13. Views of the specimen from Princeton College; both enlarged. PERRISONOTA (PROTEXTA ConTad-< = .)s-3. 422 oe oe ee eee cee eee eee eee eee Fig. 14. Enlarged view of the type specimen. 15. A further enlargement of the hinge. NUCULANADONGIERONS) Conrad: \o--.c- sce: ee eee ee cise eee eee een eee Sennen eS eee Lig. 16. Exterior of one of the type specimens. 17. Enlargement of the hinge showing the teeth. NUCULARIA PAPYRIA‘Conrad (25-5. 2 -cccsesces seers po aes ct aie eee nena ee eee eee Fig. 18. View of a shell enlarged 19. View of a cast of a right valve, enlarged. 20. Enlargement of a fragment preserving a few of the teeth. The specimens are all from the original types. CIBOTA MULTIRADIATA Gabb'- 2 << joccse.e se see sme eee ee eee nee eee ee Fig. 21. Left view of the type specimen, natural size. 22. Cardinal view of the same. AXINEA MORTONE Conrad <2. jccjoseems cosine nee eee nee eee eee ee ee eee eee Fig. 23. Right view of a specimen preserving the shell. 24. Cardinal view of the same, 25. A cast showing the character of the teeth. AXINEA Avra Whitfield! . 2 -_.2--. ches -poseeeae see see eets eee eeer eee ee ee asas ODORS Fig. 26. Lateral view of a cast, showing the dlevated beaks, ete. 27. Profile view of the same. 28. View of a cast which preserves the form of the teeth in part. 29. View of a similar cast, showing the crenulations of the margin. CrBoTA-OBESA Whitiield..<. 24 =<7..---t:00 toes se sacar toes eee a ae ae ee Fig. 30. Right view of the specimen described. 31. Basal view of the same. CIBOTA. UNLOPSIS) Conrad)... 5-20 o scene eciaegsen ee = oe ee ee Fig. 32. Left view of a cast of the species. Collection of the American Museum of Natural History. 33. Cardinal view of the same. CIBOTA ROSTELLATA. Morton... — aos) «> oe eases eee senses eee eee ee Fig. 34. Right view of a characteristic example of the species (a cast). 5. Cardinal view of the same. 36, View of a cast of a left valve, retaining the surface features more distinctly marked than on the other. 290 aw Page. 102 103 102 108 109 105 106 110 107 111 94 99 101 93 MONOGRAPH IX. PLATE XI LAMELLIBRANCHIATA PAG ACT Xela NEMODON, BREVIERONS (Conrado oe se aoe eto ee ee ee eae ee eee eee Fig. 1. View of a specimen identified and labeled by Mr. Conrad, from Haddonfield, N. J. 2. Enlarged view of the hinge of the same. NEMODON, HURAULENSIS) Gabbe es eee aces eee eee ee eee oe eee eee aodsoe6 c6a054 Fig. 3. View of a partial cast from the limestone nodules of the Lower Marls at Holmdel, N.J. a3 Enlargement of the hinge of the same. 5. Enlargement (two diameters) of a specimen from Haddonfield, N. J., one of the types. NEMODON ANGUEATOM: Gabbe. seem == criece sees ee ee eee eee =e ee ee eee eee Fig. 6. View of the type specimen, natural size. 7. Enlarged cardinal view of the same. NEMOARCA) CORETACEAU CONTAC meena = male se seem a ee ieee ee iene nie ieee eee Fig. 8. Enlargement to two diameters of a cast from the iron nodules from Keyport, N. J. 9. View of the exterior (three diameters) of one of the type specimens. 10. Diagram of the hinge of the same. BREVEARCA (SARRORDIE GaP) ce oper emt mies te otetea a) or atele ae ee eet eae eee nee eee Fig. 11. View of the exterior, natural size, of one of the type specimens, from Haddonfield, N. J. ; 12. Enlargement of the hinge of the same. ARCA: ((TRIGONARCA)“TRANSVERSA (GabDoscene ote see ince =o aietene tema teee aie ea atelier eee ate etna Fig. 13. Left side of a specimen from Mullica Hill, N. J. 14. Right view of Mr. GabL’s type specimen. 15. Cardinal view of the same. 16. View of a small cast, more angular on the umbonal ridge than the others, and showing the hinge features. TRIGONARCA, CUNKIKORMIS (Conta) soc seemee aaa en a= ee er ele see eee eee lee ee Fig. 17. Enlarged view of the exterior of the type specimen, Haddonfield, N. J. (seven diameters). 18. Outline view of the interior of the same equadly enlarged. IDONEARCA. TIPPANA, Conrad) = <2 2.¢ <6 2ia= eee ee eine aii ee ae ete ee Fig. 19. View of the cast of a left valve from the deep ent of the Holmdel and Keyport ‘turnpike, N. J. 20. Outline profile of the same, showing convexity. 21. Inside of a valve from near Prairie Bluff, Ala., to show the hinge features. ARCA ALTIROSTRIS Gabb....- 2-5. -2c-5 sc cemesees os coolness ene at ane ae ee ee ee eee Fig. 22. Right view of the original type of the species. 23. Cardinal view of the same. 292 Page. 85 83 87 82 MONOGRAPH IX. PLATE XII LAMELLIBRANCHIATA TACEQUS —LOWER MARL BE TE A IY JS) DC IL TE Th IDONEARCA VULGARIS Morton. 2.5.22 pocos- = soe s sneees ce sae ae oe eee atenees eee ae aeeenen Fig. 1. Lateral view of a cast of the usual form of the species. 2. Auterior profile view of the same. 3. Lateral view of a cast of an old and thickened specimen. 4, Cardinal view of the same. 5. View of a cast of a single valve, showing the outline of the shell and teeth. IDONEARCA ANTROSA: Morton. 22; Soc cece se tcc ee sere eee ee Fig. 6. Lateral view of a cast of medium size. 7. Anterior profile view of the same. 8. Lateral view of another, larger but imperfect cast. 9, Anterior profile view of the same. 10, View of the exterior of a specimen from the limestone nodules from Holmdel, N, J. This is the form deseribed by Mr. Gabb as J. neglecta. 11. View of a cast which retains the shell on one valve partially showing the teeth, which are represented on the posterior side as obtained from a gutta-percha cast in the shell of the opposite valve. 294 Page. 98 96 U S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ob walt — Pay AG a xe Va TRIGONIA EURAULENSIS Gabb <2- ie es ee eae e = eee ee eee ee eee eee eee eee Fig. 1. Exterior of a specimen from near Red Bank, N. J., in the collection of the Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia. 2. Interior of same. 3. A small cast from Monmouth County, New Jersey. 4. View of a cast from Shultz’s Mills, near Long Branch, N. J. TRIGONIA MORTONE Whitfield .0- 2.25. bs ie seca 8: nie cecieerecne eset sonia oe eee eee Fig. 5. Left view of an internal cast of the usual form from Freehold, N. J. 5a. Cardinal view of same. 6. View of an imperfect impression of the left side as obtained from a gutta-percha cast in the natural mold, Holmdel, N. J. TRIGONIA ‘CERULEA ‘Whitfield 2222.2 252-2 200 c- ac aati eee te eee eee ee eee Fig. 7. View of a right valve, natural size, showing the form and the style of ribs charac- teristic of the species. PTERIA NAVICULA. Whitfield... 2-5 c-x25. essence .aseacessesee ce sce see see Oee cee Re Reem aneone Fig. 8. View, twice enlarged, of the type specimen. PTERIA \LARIPES) Morton\sp'. 2. cas. Soon. fess ce easy a Ce eee eee eee eee Fig. 9. View of a left valve of this species. PTERTA /PETROSA/Conrad'’siapxca-2a soe coca cece ok eee eee ee Abas sacosossocceore Fig. 10. View of an imperfect cast from an iron nodule from Keyport, N. J. MELEAGRINELLAVABRUP TA Contad api eas eeee cee see ae eee nee eee ee eee een Fig. 11. View of a left valve, natural size. 12. Enlargement of the hinge from the same. 13. Enlargement of the exterior of a right valve from Freehold, N. J. 14, Enlargement of the interior of the same specimen. INOCERAMUS ‘SAGENSIS) Owen: 222 A-6- necee ee oon eee ee Fig. 15. View of an imperfect right (convex) valve from the kimestone nodules at Holm- del, Ni: J; INOCERAMUS SAGENSIS var. QUADRANS Whitfield Vig. 16. View of the specimen described. INOCERAMUS PRO-OBLIQUA Whitfield Vig. 17. View of the type specimen, showing its features. 296 Page. 113 112 114 68 72 bs Bd S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Sipe NL IAN LAMELLIBRANCGCHIATA PACT Hy exeVve INOCERAMUS SAGENSIS Val. \VANUXCH MU eee rietae ene e a oe eee ee ae eee eee eee Fig. 1. View of a left valve {rom Keyport, N. J. The specimen is quite flat with the undu- lations very sharply defined. INO CERAMUS) SAGENSIS) Owen oe sear ae eee feee eeee eee ee aie en tee ee eee alee Fig. 2. View of an imperfect convex right valve from Keyport, N. J., with broad, rounded undulations. There are spots in the position of the receding muscular scars. INOCERAMUS! BARABINTOMOLON 2 = fo = eee = ~ IPL VANMU ID) SOILS VENIFLLA SUBOVALIS Conrad Fig. 1. View of the right side of the cast, which had been labeled by Mr. Conrad. 2. View of the hinge, as obtained by a gutta-percha impression on the cast. VENIELLATRAPEZOIDEA Conrad sai asia aceite totem alate ee eee arene lee ay aot eerie Vig. 3. View of the right side of a specimen, which is slightly distorted by compression. VENIELLAUNE LATA COnrad 5. -fecnca onnmecc sn mieises nee eee cee eae ene See ee eee ee eee See Vig. 4. View of the left side of the type specimen, natural size. 5. Enlarged cardinal view of the same. VENIELDAVELE VATA) CONTAG 2 acme enemies em amie lee eee a tee ee ae a eee ee Fig. 6. Vertical view of the type specimen, enlarged to two diameters. 7. Profile view of same. VENIELLA CONRADUMorton S22 2101 sjcer= 2 alone es sae cise p ey Mi bow oyu \YMbin CI eS Be oe eee ea breisee corse Seesi serene ses 2855 Fig. 6. View of a small, iniperfect cast. 7. View of a larger cast, retaining both valves. FULVIA TENUIS Whitfield Fig. 8. View of the specimen described, natural size. CaRDLUM (CRIOCARDIUM) DUMOSUM Conrad! == oo ee oe aie ee ee ee ee eee Fig. 9. View of a medium-sized specimen, retaining the shell in part (collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences), Haddonfield, N. J. 10 and 11. Views of a larger cast, showing the general form. 12. Enlargement of the surface, as obtained by gutta-percha pressed into a fragment of the matrix. 13. View of asmall shell, with imperfect surface, found labeled C. Alabamiensis by Mr. Gabb (collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences). GCARDIUM RIPLEYANUM Conrad ®2. 2 o2% ce ern op oe elerareietnre re ele erate SR ee ee Fig. 14. View of specimen from the iron-stone nodules at Keyport, N. J., enlarged four diameters. GCARDIUM (HRAGUM) TENUISTRIATUM. Wihitheld 2222 --e--emeieee eee sense en ees eee eet Fig. 15. View of a partial cast of a left valve. 16. An outline showing convexity of the same. CARDIUM BUTAULENSE!' Conrad) ae as = aoa welche eel ete Fig. 17. View of a cast of a lett valve, where the ribs are preserved in all their sharpness. Holmdel, N. J. 18 and 19. Views of a large cast, nearly destitute of surface markings, but showing them near the front margiu. The specimen has been laterally compressed. EARDIUM (PROTOCARDIUM) PERELONGATUMSWibiiiel a eseseecis eee eie eee area eee te Figs. 20 and 21. Views of a cast of a single valve, from Cream Ridge, N. J. 22. Posterior profile view of a cast, showing the ribs of this part 308 Pasa 140 142 142 139 133 132 139 132 136 1X MONOGRAPH U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Pe ads LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. JE IEA INID, >I age. Carpium (CRIOCARDIUM) MULTIRADIA TUM: (Gabb) os cn= =e eleoe eater saee eee eee 135 Fig. 1. Lateral view of a well-preserved cast of this species. 2. Cardinal view of the same. 3. Enlargement of a fragment of the matrix, showing the character of ribs and the spines which rise from the depressions between them, as obtained from a gutta- percha impression. CaRrpDiUM (PROTOCARDICM) PERELONGATUM Whitfield). --- <2 ccc en--5- eeoe =e eee eee eee 156 Figs. 4 and 5. Views of a large cast froin the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, showing the general form. PACHYCARDIUM: BURLINGTONENSE Wihitheld 2-2-2.) oe eee ee eee ee ae eee eee 138 Figs. 6 and 7. Views of the cast described, showing the remains of the strong, heavy ribs, and the large muscular sears. 310 LJ EOLOGICAL SUR\ S.G U TE ey NGI RIS, 2S Se ICT TENEA! PEINGUIS)/Conrad!)- ss. 52-inch eee eae ance eee nek need Boost ocseS Fig. 1. Left view of an internal cast. 2. Cardinal view of the same. 3. View of the hinge, enlargéd twice, from Mr. Convad’s type, Haddonfield, N. J. Dosinia GaBer Whitfield ’s. 2-2 = c-eooeconmin ee eee ese ae ee ee ae ee ee Fig. 4. Left view of a cast, showing all the features recognized. 5. Cardinal view of the same. APHRODINA TIPPANA Conrad... <.< 2220s onelea scm esas sSne Sees a2 MODIOLA OVATA Gabb =< - nee oan wen = em ee ea ine Fig. 13. View of the right side of Mr. Gabb’s type specimen. 14. View of the anterior end of another specimen, preserving the form of the beaks more perfectly. IDONEARCA (COMPRESSIROSTRA: Witte] Se oe mcmama ets i eet Fig. 15. Right view of a very entire specimen. 16. Anterior profile view of same. GASTROCHZNA AMERICANA GabDb) <---2 = 22222 comme = a eelelee eens ae oe ee ee eee Fig. 17. View of cast of this species, showing the irregular constrictions of the tube. 18. A similar view of another cast. DEREDO: TUBLATS: Morton aie were mpm at et ma ee Vig. 19. View of a part of a group of the tube casts, showing their usual form. Nearly all of these have been broken off at the lower end. 20. Enlargement of the upper end of a cast, showing the muscular sear. 21. Enlarged view of the aperture. 22. Enlarged view of the upper end of a tube, showing the partial septa of this part of the tube. This and the two preceding figures are copied from Mr. Gabb’s figures, but have all been verified in many individuals. 320 200 199 194 194 195 197 199 203 201 MONOGRAPH 1X. PLATE XXVI. LAMELLIBRANCHIATA {CRETACEOUS DLE BEDS,) : f a - By 7 LEM Bway Ab 1s) DO WIL IC. OSTEEA ‘GLANDIBORMIS WHITE 2. = - arial <-ols/sratm =a ee eee ee atte ee ees 2 tte ee Fig. 1. Exterior view of an upper valve from Farmingdale, N. J. 2. Interior view of the same. 3. View of a lower valve from near Vincentown. 4, and 5. Views of a cast from near Farmingdale. GRYPHat BRYANT Gabb oon nec ono ssc ona sac ccapse' eens aan ne Rees \ooe tse Rie eee eee Fig. 6. View of a small shell, which shows the scar of attachment at the beak. 7. Interior of an older specimen. 8 and 9. Views of an old specimen, all from Mr. Gabb’s type series. ARCA QUINDECIMRADIATA 'Gabbt 2.22 52.0 cco oe cece weccen npcteee = shear see eee eee eee Figs. 10. Left view of a large shell preserving the surface to some extent, New Egypt, N. Y. 11-13. Views of an internal cast, showing the usual features of the species, New Egypt, N. J. CRASSATELLA DELAWARENSIS GabD ioe cse< ae ae nie ee oe ele = ee eer Fig. 14. View of a small specimen from near New Egypt, preserving the shell. 15. View of a cast, the usual condition, from near Farmingdale, N. J. CRASSATEDLA RHOMBEA (Wihitfield 25-2 ee yao tte ate ale ree oe eae ee cee Fig. 16. Right view of a specimen preserving the shell, the only one ever found, near New Egypt, N. J. 17. Anterior profile view of the same. 18. Left view of an internal cast from Squankum, N. J. Columbia College. 19. Cardinal view of the same. 322 206 208 210 213 UWS.GEOLOGIGAL SURVEY. L.A Bowe ,del (CRETACEOUS —BASE OF UPPER MARL LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. MONOGRAPH BEDS ) 1X PLATE XXVIII. TEI UWA AD, OK WY IE IIE CRASSATRELIA CURDA/C onrad (tc cjecsata cee = ree a a ae ee eteele eee aloe eee Figs. 1 and 2. Views of a cast from Squankum, N. J. Columbia College collection. 3. A partial cast from New Egypt, showing surface strim. A.M. N. H. collection. 4and 5. Views of a similar specimen from Squankum. Rutgers College collection. CRASSATELLA LITTORALIS Conrad .... ---. ---- ------ -- 0205 02 - -- oe ene ce ens re eens wenn n= Fig. 6. An imperfect shell of the species from Squankum. Rutgers College collection. 7. View of an internal cast showing its elliptical form and rounded umbonal ridge, Squankum. Columbia College collection. MOoDIOLA JOHNSONI Whitfield -.....--..---------- ---- en nne oo eo ene eee ne wn ne oan wow ne Tig. 8. Cardinal view, natural size, of a very perfect specimen of the species. 9. Lateral view of the same. CRIOCARDIUM NUCLEOLUS Whitfield ...-..-..----- ---- ---- e220 - eee ene ee nee cnn een eee anne Fig. 10. Lateral view, enlarged, of an internal cast of the usual size and form. 11. Cardinal view of the same. VENIELLA RHOMBOIDEA Conrad ....-- 22000 2-2 22+ e22 cee cee eee ence ee rene nn nee wen enews eens = Fig. 12. Lateral view of a shell presenting the usual features. 13. Cardinal view of the same. CARDITA INTERMEDIA Whitfield... -.. 2... - .200 cone mone oo oe “Oo. 328 Page. 231 236 232 237 238 239 240 241 242 ‘ ATE XXX PL [Xx MONOGRAPH U.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. ———— ee LAMELLIBRANCHIATA MARLS) LAYER OF UPPER CENE—-UPP (Et PLATE a UNIO LIGAMENTINOIDES Lea... .....----c0+-e-2eeec0e eee Ann Fig. 1. View of the right side of Mr. ee type of the species. — UNIOUPRAANODONTOLDES) Wihiiiel d= == sees ee ee eee Fig. 2. View of the type specimen. ; UNIO ROANOKOMES Wea: coco 6 .c0 os coe ae see enece een es eee Eee eee Fig. 3. Outline cardinal view of a large specimen of the epecies, UNIO SHUMEROSOMES Weatta-ao. ee soe coors ee eee Sndso650 Fig. 4. View of the right side of Lea’s type specimen. ‘ ; 330 U,.S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY LA Dowe , dei LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. (CRETACEOUS —UNIONIDAE ) UNrIo RECTOIDES Whitfield --.-.-..---..------ Sent eee: Fig. 1. Cardinal view of the type. 2. Right side of the type. - ; (ONTO) CARTOSOIDES en ses oss saeee eee en eee Eee es Fig. 3. View of the right side of the type specimen. LUPSH RG), a es (VG nie Bubs CO) OO OS) IDEs 5 Sos ei cossen ooocise egeacoswenc sass se l= Fig. 4. Right side of a specimen identified with this ties sce Plate XXXI, Fig. 1. Unio SUBROTUNDOIDES Lea .-.-...--.------2---2- e020 senses eeepee eee Ss ee eee Fig. 5. View of the left side of Mr. Lea’s type. ; r} ye ~~ 2 332 st lage ime U S.GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. HOC ae LADowe , del. LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. (CRETACEOUS —UNIONIDAE.) Unto ROANOKOIDES Lea..---- . BemosGnocooseen se sees cok Fig. 1. Left view of a specimen of the meriee for 2. Left view of another specimen, showing less more quadrangular form. See outline, Fig. 3, Pl: UNIO, ALATOIDES Leaecseess ceca os sense sees peanes Fig. 3. View of a specimen of this species, showing a portion of th 4, View of another specimen differing in size and in the curvati e 334 U.S GEOLOGICAL L ADowe , del SURVEY LAMELLIBRANCHIATA biteidhaalin bibs lispate pct e Vises UNIO RADIATOIDES Lea ..-... ..-.-- z Figs. 1-3. Views of three different examples 0 and condition of preservation, UNIO NASUTOIDES Lea...-.. Seo5s0 ocSa0 Gas525.05 Sato Fig. 4. Left view of one of the pest preserved indi 5. Cardinal view of same. The valves are sep the base, giving an appearance of is TNO MANSON ES TGC ere ele ote eet ee a ee Fig. 6. Outline cardinal view of the specimen shown on Plate xxviii, UNIO -ROANGKOIDES (Gai as -55 eee eee ees 2655 Fig. 7. Outline cardinal view of the specimen, Plate xxxiii, fig. | UNIO EIGAMENTINOIDES Lea ..-. ---- ---- 02 ---4-2ce eeetee ee : Fig. 8. Outline cardinal view of the specimen, Plate oat 336 a MONOGRAPH IX PLATE XXXIV. cabs sisal niS LAMELLIBRANCHIATA jel T. Sinclair & Son, Phila LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. (CRETACEOUS —UNIONIDAE.) “WA