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MOTs ee Nas No. 5.

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ENT. NEws, VOL. XXV. Plate VIII.

MALLOPHAGA OF THE VIZCACHA—KELLOGG AND NAKAYAMA

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.

VoL. XXV. MAY, Ig14. NG, 5.
CONTENTS:
Kellogg and Nakayama—Mallophaga Skinner—Ambulyx strigilis L. in Flo-
Gi the. ViZCaAchA..- caseveddecss oseee 193 TIGA (LEps)ics=.ensenecene aes oe
A Correction.......00. sscoscsscee see: 201 | Side Lights on Entomology 229
Leussler—An Improved Method of Dela Torre Bueno—European Heterop-
Caring for Specimens of Butterflies tera Alleged to Occur in the United
on Extended Collecting Trips..... 202 SGC) SO SERRBOR HE oo ouea nooner bas 230
Alexander—The Neotropical Tipulidae Clagget—A Spider Swathing Mice
in the Hungarian National Mu- GATT.) somisace jae oeeleee onions ciaceeuine 230
seum (Diptera)—III........--.00... 205 | Summer Work on Lake Erie.... son 2gk
Rehn and Hebard—On the Genus Phoe- Do House Flies Hibernate? ( Dip. ) 231
talia of Authors (Orthoptera, Blat- Entomological Literature........ ae 235
tidae, Epilamprinae)..............- 216 | Wytsman’s Genera Insectorum........ 236
Cockerell—An Adventure While Col- Braun’s Evolution of Color Pattern in
lecting Bees in Guatemala.......... 217 Lithocolletis (Lepid.)). ci..c.008-s' 236
Campbell—A new Coccid Infesting Cit- Doings of Societies—Feldman Collect-
rus Trees in California (Hemip.).. 222 ing Social (Col., Orth., Odon., Dip.) 237
Williamson—September Dragonflies Entomological Society of France...... 240
about Mesa Arizona (Odon.)...... 225 | Obituary—Ernest Olivier.............. 240
Editorial—The Desirability of a Biblio- of Fi PACH POPENOC sensi cicloe c bice'e 240
graphical Dictionary of Entomolo- ‘ A. G. Hammar........... 2. 240
Pere diey seis pada ciate sn tole © si0's-wiate 227

Mallophaga of the Vizcacha.

By V. L. Kettoce and S. Nakayama, Stanford University,
California.
(Plate VIII.)

The vizcacha (Lagidium peruanum Meyen) is a small, long-
tailed, long-eared, soft-furred rodent of the Andes, with a
head like a rabbit’s and body like that of a giant mouse, a
mouse as large as a small hare. It belongs with the chinchillas
in the family Chinchillidae (or Lagostomidae) which com-
prises only four living species, confined to Chili, Bolivia, Peru
and Argentina. It is, however, a well-represented family in
the South American Tertiaries and Pleistocene, at least three-
score species having been described from fossils collected all
the way from Patagonia to Peru.

Only one ectoparasite has been heretofore recorded from
the vizcacha, namely a species of Gyropus (Mallophaga) de-
scribed by Gay in his Fauna Chilensis (about 1850), but

193

194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 14

utterly unrecognizable from this description. The taking of
two score specimens of Mallophaga last January and June
(1913) by Dr. C. H. T. Townsend, government entomologist
of Peru, from three vizcachas shot at Ninahuanchi, Peru (alt.
13,000 ft.), and one shot at Cerro Picuna, Peru (alt. 8,000
ft.), allows us to make some definite records of the ectopara-
sites of this interesting rodent.

The specimens from the vizcachas kindly sent us by Dr.
Townsend represent several Mallophagan species, of which
two, both new (in the face of the impossibility of recognizing
Gay’s vizcachan Gyropus) are undoubtedly peculiar to the
vizcacha. For one of these species it is necessary to establish
a new genus. In addition, the material, credited to the viz-
cacha, included two additional species, undoubtedly abnormal
stragglers (in game bag or on the skinning table), one of them
being the common Lipeurus baculus of doves, and the other a
Goniodes which may have straggled either from doves or
pheasants. Dr. Townsend writes us that his Indian collectors
do frequently kill doves on their collecting trips, and that,
despite his careful instructions, they may well allow their
specimens to become too neighborly with each other in the
game bag.

Of the two new species, one is a Gyropus, while the other,
as said, plainly represents a new genus, a two-clawed form—
the typical mammal-infesting Mallophaga are one-clawed—of
a general appearance rather like that of Menopon or Trinoton
(both bird-infesting genera). Although, as just suggested,
most of the mammal-infesting Mallophaga are one-clawed
species, belonging to the two genera Gyropus and Trichodectes
(to this latter single genus belongs a considerable majority of
all Mallophagan species so far recorded from mammals) a few
two-clawed species, representing three of four genera, have
been taken from mammals. Especially are these two-clawed
species found on marsupials. Also, for almost each of these
species a new genus has had to be established. These two
special conditions of their occurrence give them a particular
interest to students of Mallophaga.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 195

The last genus to be established for the reception of one of
these two-clawed mammal-infesting species is Trimenopon,
containing the single species T. echinoderma, described by
Bruce Cummings (Bull. Ent. Research, May, 1913) from speci-
mens (males and females) taken from the wild guinea pig,
Cavia aperea Erxleben, at Villa Rica, Paraguay, in November,
1910, F. Posner, coll. As our new species from the vizcacha,
not assignable to any known genus, is also South American,
and also resembles both Menopon and Trinoton in general
habitus, and is also strongly spiny, our first thought was that
it might be referable to Cummings’ new form. But it is not
at all possible to assign it thus. It is not only different in
species but different in genus from Trimenopon echinoderma,
despite some slight resemblance in superficies. What is pos-
sible, and necessary, however, in the light of the establishment
of the new genus Trimenopon, is to call attention to the fact
that, if this genus is to be accepted as distinct from Menopon
—and we do not suggest that it should not be—a species de-
scribed by Kellogg and Paine in 1910 (Entomological News,
vol. 21, pp. 461-462), under the name Menopon jenningsi,
from specimens taken from the domestic guinea pig, Cavia
cobaya, by Mr. A. H. Jennings, in the Canal Zone, Panama,
must be assigned to this new genus. And, besides, there
should be made a careful examination of the two species, to
see if they are not identical. The descriptions and figures as
given by the authors of the species are certainly much alike.
The principal difference seems to be in the measurements,
echinoderma being larger than jenningsi by one-third. If the
two species are one, then their (its) name is Trimenopon jen-
ningsi.

A special point of interest in connection with the two-clawed
mammal-infesting Mallophaga: is their obvious tendency, de-
spite their otherwise plainly Amblyceran affinities, to have
5-segmented antennae, which is a prime characteristic of the
other Mallophagan sub-order, the Ischnocera. The antennae
of Boopia, Heterodoxus, Latumcephalum and, now, Trimeno-
pon, are all described as 5-segmented, instead of 4-segmented,

196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, °14

as one would expect to find them. It is true, however, that
there is a division of the third antennal segment into two seg-
ments in the case of several undoubted species of the large and
rather heterogeneous genus Menopon, which is the old genus
—old in point of priority of establishment by students of the
group—to which the new genera are most nearly related. It
should be added that it is not easy to determine accurately, or
to interpret confidently, the exact condition of the antennae
as regards number of segments. The suture dividing the third
segment into two, thus increasing the number from four to
five, may be so faint as to be capable, under different eyes, of
seeming to be distinct enough to be accepted as actual suture,
or of not being so accepted. In the case of the new genus
which we have to establish for the reception of one of our new
Mallophagan species from the vizcacha, we give four as the
characteristic number of segments. Four is certainly the cor-
rect number for the type species of the genus. . We have gone
to much pains to ascertain this.

As a matter of fact the whole subject of the Mallophagan
parasites of mammals, especially the subject of the two-clawed
species, needs careful working over.

The description of the new species follows.

Gyropus alpinus n. sp. (Plate VIII.)

A rather large species, unusually hairy, elongate, and belonging to
that group of Gyropus species with fore legs and feet smaller than and
different from the other two pairs. A pair of prominent laterally pro-
jecting lobes on the prothorax, well developed clinging pads on the
femora of second and third legs, and the length and irregular arrange-
ment (not in the usual one or two regular transverse rows) of the
numerous long hairs on the dorsal surface of the abdomen, especially
distinguish the species. General color pale yellowish brown, with
thorax darker, and an incomplete darker line running sub-marginally
around the head.

Male (PL VIII, a).—Length of head .29 mm., thorax .40 mm., ab-
domen 1.02 mm., total 1.71 mm.; width of head .37 mm., thorax .32 mm.,
abdomen .66 mm. Female.—Length of head .29 mm., thorax .43 mm.,
abdomen 1.25 mm.; width of head .36 mm., thorax .37 mm., abdomen
72 mm.

Head of both male and female wider than long with well expanded
squarish temples, antennae (Pl. VIII, b) concealed in deep lateral fos-

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 197

sae (Pl. VIII, 4), and numerous long, strong, spiny hairs, six ar-
ranged along the occipital border, two in each temple, four in a trans-
verse series about even with the deepest part of the antennal fossae,
and eight or ten others anterior to this line. On the other side are a
few hairs of which two, one in each temporal region, are particularly
long and conspicuous.

The thorax is long and slender, the effect of narrowness being
heightened by the coloring which is paler in the lateral margins and
angles. The prothorax has a salient blunt lateral projection on each
side (Pl. VIII, 7) and bears six spiny hairs on its dorsal surface. On
each lateral process are two short, curved spine-hairs. The long pen-
tagonal mesothorax has straight lateral margins and bears about a
score of strong spiny hairs on its dorsum, including two on each lateral
margin. In addition each lateral margin bears two short pointed spines.
The short metathorax, plainly set off from the mesothorax by a suture,
bears about thirty long spiny hairs on the dorsum, unevenly disposed
in two transverse series. On the under side of each thoracic segment
there are two series of long, spiny hairs, arranged in lines converging
posteriorly so as to form a V.

The fore legs are a little shorter than the middle and hind ones and
markedly different in make-up. The femora have no clinging pads
as have the second and third legs, the first tarsal segment has a strong
thumb-like lateral process, and the second segment is not elongate and
bears anormal claw (PI. VIII, d, e). The femora of the second and
third pairs of legs have a well-developed clinging pad on the side, the
first tarsal segment is short, ring-like and inconspicuous, while the sec-
ond is long, transversely striated and looks like a large, heavy, slightly
bent claw (PI. VIII, f,g). Asa matter of fact the real claw is simply
the slightly differentiated tip of this claw-like segment. (This condi-
tion of tarsal segment modified to be a claw-like and tarsal claw acting
as its continuous tip is common to most Gyropi.)

Abdomen not quite twice as long as wide, and one-fifth shorter in
the male than in the female, about 2% times as long as the thorax in
the male, and three times as long in the female. Conspicuously covered
above and below with long, spiny hairs, not evenly arranged in one
or two transverse rows as in most Gyropi, but irregularly disposed,
although approaching a rough arrangement in three rows (PI. VIII, k).
Posterior border without hooks or spines or other projecting pro-
cesses, except a few conspicuous long hairs (Pl. VIII, a andi). Each
segment with a long spiny hair in each postero-lateral angle. Male
genitalia as shown in Pl. VIII, c.

Numerous males and females taken from a vizcacha, Lagi-
dium peruanum Meyen, Ninahuanchi, Peru, 13,000 tt. altitude,
C. H. T. Townsend, collector.

198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

Genus PHILANDESIA nov.

A two-clawed genus, occurring on mammals, with four-seg-
mented antennae and other general Amblycerous characters
and outline of body. Head with distinct, narrow, and peculiar
ocular emarginations. Mouth parts (Text-fig. 7) of unusual

Shion
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if i ENG
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Psp k te /
LUE,
i

SS ,

Philandesia townsendi n. sp., nov. gen.
a, male; 4, antenna of male; c, front leg of male; d, tip of front leg of male, enlarged ;
é, last abdominal segment of female, ventral aspect; /, fourth abdominal segment of
male, dorsal aspect showing disposition of hairs; g, middle leg of male; %, tip of middle
leg of male, enlarged; 7, ventral aspect of front part of head showing mouth parts.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 199

type, the mandibles being long and slender and the other
mouth parts together with the hypopharynx and pharyngeal
skeleton forming a sort of grasping tube or furrow. The an-
tennae are of the usual capitate Amblycerous type, but seg-
ment three is unusually narrow at base, and segment two un-
usually robust and subspherical in shape. Metathorax dis-
tinct although short; prothorax laterally expanded or “wing-
ed.” Head and thorax with very long, strong, conspicuous
spiny hairs, but with no short broad-based spines on the un-
der side of the head as in Menecanthus (Menopon) or Hetero-
doxus. Feet with small colorless broad flaps or pads extend-
ing outwards from the base of the claws. Male genitalia char-
acteristic. The only species so far known is from South Amer-
ica (Peru) ; host, the vizcacha, Lagidium peruanum Meyen.

Philandesia townsendi sp. nov. (Text-fig.)

A Mallophagan species of medium size, the male being one and
two-thirds, and the female being about two millimeters long. In both
male and female the head is almost twice as wide as long, while the
abdomen of the male is shorter and broader than that of the female.
{n general appearance it suggests a very spiny Menopon or Trinoton
with long thorax and short abdomen. Striking features are the nar-
row, round-ended, ocular emarginations, the curious groove-like ap-
pearance of the mouth (Text-fig. 7), and the small and delicate but dis-
tinct lateral flaps or pulvilli at the base of the claws.

Male (Text-fig. a).—Length of head .30 mm., thorax .35 mm., ab-
domen .98 mm., total 1.64 mm.; width of head .58 mm., thorax .58 mm.,
abdomen .86 mm. Female—Length of head .36 mm., thorax .51 mm.,
abdomen 1.09 mm., total 1.96 mm.; width of head .59 mm., thorax .66
mm., abdomen .99 mm.

Head triangular with small but distinct ocular marginations which
are narrow and with sub-parallel margins at the inner ends which
are narrowly rounded. On the dorsal aspect a very spiny hair in each
temporal angle projecting back almost to abdomen and four other
long spiny hairs along the occipital margin. There are two strong
spiny hairs in each lateral marginal angle just in front of the ocular
emargination, and numerous shorter spine-hairs scattered over the
dorsum of the head. On the ventral face there are even more long
spiny hairs and numerous shorter ones. The antennae are four-seg-
mented, no signs of a fifth segment (division of segment 3 by a trans-
verse suture) being apparent. A single hair (sense-hair ?) rises from
the apical angle of segment 1, three longer hairs from the apical angle

200 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

of segment 2, and there are several sense hairs and a pronounced sense
pit at the tip of segment 4 (Text-fig. b). Whole head pale translucent
yellowish brown, which is the general color tone of the whole body. '
Spots of darker opaque brown indicate the special chitinization of
mouth parts, etc.

Prothorax large, longer than the head and with conspicuous ex-
panded lateral margins or wings, and covered all over with strong
spiny hairs some of them, especially those of the lateral and posterior
margins, very long. Ventral face also with long spiny hairs. Meso-
thorax smaller than prothorax, being little more than half as long,
although quite as wide. (N. B.—In Text-fig. a the mesothorax is too
long.) It is abundantly supplied with spine-hairs, a very long one
arising from each postero-lateral angle. Metathorax distinctly set
off from mesothorax by suture, but smaller and resembles an abdominal
segment in general shape and appearance. Its numerous spine-hairs
are disposed as those of the abdominal segments are. The general pale
translucent yellowish brown of the thoracic segments is patterned by
the showing through of the darker chitin rods of the ventral aspect and
endoskeleton.

Legs (Text-figs. c, d, h, g) rather long and strong, and very spiny,

especially the third pair. The distal ends of the tibiae of this pair are
furnished with a conspicuous group of short stout spines, while a less
conspicuous group occurs also on the ends of the second tibiae. The
legs are concolorous with the body.
, The abdomen of the male is broad and only a little longer than head
and thorax combined. In the female the abdomen is less broad and is
also longer, giving it a decidedly more slender appearance. The entire
abdomen, both on dorsal and ventral aspects, is thickly beset with long
spiny hairs, those rising from the lateral margins (especially of the
hinder segments) being very long indeed. The hairs on the dorsal
aspect are disposed in two transverse series, but rather irregularly.
The hairs of the hinder series of the two are longer than those in the
front one (Text-fig. f). Posterior margin of abdomen in both male and
female simply and broadly rounded, that of the female (Text-fig. e)
with numerous fine hairs in close series at the lateral margins, while
that of the male has the strongly-chitinized, unusually shaped genitalia
either projecting or, if retracted, showing through rather plainly.
(Text-fig. a.)

Numerous males and females taken from a vizcacha, Lagi-
dium peruanum Meyen, Ninahuanchi, Peru, 13,000 ft. altitude,
C. H. T. Townsend, collector.

In addition, Dr. Townsend’s sending includes a species of
Anopluran, represented by one male and three females, evi-

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 201

dently all of one species, a species probably undescribed, of
Polyplax. But all the specimens show some signs of imma-
turity, notably in the hair covering of the body; so that, al-
_though the five-segmented condition of the antennae indicates
maturity, we prefer not to describe the species at present.
Some mites, also, were included and are almost certainly new,
but we shall not undertake their description.

Finally in addition to the ectoparasites from the vizcachas,
Dr. Townsend has sent us some Mallophaga taken in Peru
from other mammal and bird hosts. The specimens from
mammals include the familiar Trichodectes parumpilosus from
the horse, the curious Menopon jenningsi, described by Paine
and myself in 1910 from the domestic guinea-pig, Cavia
cobaya, and recorded by Paine again in 1912 from the wild
guinea-pig, Cavia cutleri, of Peru, Dr. Townsend’s specimens
also coming from a domestic guinea-pig, and the interesting
Trichodectes breviceps from the llama, described by Rudow in
1866, and not again recorded until now. Of chief interest,
however, are two Mallophagan species taken from two speci-
mens of the capuchin monkey, Cebus capuchinus. We are not
as yet clear as to their status.

The specimens from the birds will not be referred to in this
paper.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII.

_Gyropus alpinus n. sp.; a, male; b, antenna of male; c, genitalia of
“@ b; d, front leg of male; e, tip of front leg of male, enlarged; f,
middle leg of male; g, tip of middle leg of male, enlarged; h, ventral
aspect of part of the head of male, showing antenna in fossa; i, last
abdominal segment of female; j, lateral margin of prothorax; k, fifth
abdominal segment, dorsal aspect, showing disposition of hairs.

A Correction.

The Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Ento-
mology held at Oxford, August, 1912, have appeared, dated Oxford,
February, 1914. They form Volume I of the publications of this Con-
gress, Volume II being the Transactions issued in October last. Owing
to some error, the name of G. B. Cresson appears on pages 124 and
160 of the Proceedings, instead of that of E. T. Cresson, as having
been elected an Honorary Member of the Congresses.

202 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

An Improved Method of Caring for Specimens of
Butterflies on Extended Collecting Trips.

By R. A. Leusster, Omaha, Nebraska.

No doubt every butterfly collector who ever “papered” 4
lot of desirable material on some extended collecting trip, has
experienced more or less disappointment when, on spreading
the specimens, those the condition of which, when taken, left
nothing to be desired, have been found minus antennae, or
legs, the wings rubbed, or the thorax and abdomen flattened
and distorted. The spreading of any papered specimens, too,
is apt to prove more or less unsatisfactory, especially in those
families having strong thoracic muscles, as the Hesperiidae,
since when specimens have lain in papers though for a short
time, the wings often show a tendency to revert to the posi-
tion held while in the papers, which cannot be entirely over-
come even though the insects are kept on the spreading boards
for a considerable length of time. Also insects that have been
once dried and then pinned do not become as firmly fixed on
the pin as if pinned when fresh.

During the past two summers I have employed a method
of caring for my specimens, when on trips varying in length
from a few days to two weeks, which proved so very satis-
factory that I feel it deserves description for the benefit of
other collectors. In general terms it consists in pinning the
specimens while still pliable, reducing the wings to a horizon-
tal position (in other words giving the insect a tentative
spreading), and then partially relaxing them when they are
to be transported homeward or from one place to another on
the trip. Simple as the method is, its most effective applica-
tion requires that it be described in detail.

The first step is to put the specimens from the killing bottle
into tight tin boxes for about 24 hours, when all rigor mortis
will have disappeared. For this purpose I use tin shoe,polish
‘boxes, and five or six of these boxes will hold 60 to 100 small
and medium-sized butterflies. To keep the specimens from
damaging each other by contact, I place Japanese crepe paper,

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 203

cut to fit the boxes, between the layers of butterflies, and also
take measures to prevent the boxes rattling around in the
pocket. No pressure is allowed to come on the specimens. If
the day is very hot and dry, a few small leaves or some grass
may be placed in each box when it is filled, for the purpose of
supplying a little moisture. Large butterflies may be pinned
directly in an ordinary collecting box.

On the evening of the following day I remove the speci-
mens from the tin boxes and pin them carefully, so that the
position of the pin need not afterward be changed, placing
them in a cork-lined box, inclining the pin forward at an
angle of about 45 degrees, and holding the wings in a hori-
zontal position with respect to the body, by thrusting a long
steel pin into the cork so that the side of it rests against the
upper surface of the wings. At the same time I also see to it
that the antennae are kept away from the pin on which the
insect is impaled, so they are not endangered in later handling,
In ordinary weather 12 hours is a sufficient length of time for
the specimens to become set, after which they can be trans-
ferred into the boxes in which they are to undergo transporta-
tion. |

It is important to the success of this method that these
boxes should be provided with some means of partially relax-
ing the specimens previous to transportation. A cheap and
. simple, yet effective device for the purpose is found in the
form of a small pan about 4 in. x 8 in., 36 in. deep, made of
oiled sheet, such as is commonly used in letter press copying.
This pan is made by marking off the size lightly with the
point of a pocket knife, turning up the edges and fastening
them by means of small paper fasteners or clasps. Into this
pan are put half a dozen sheets of ordinary blotting paper, and
the whole is fastened securely to the inside of the lid of the
box with brass paper fasteners reinforced with washers of
oiled sheet.

Into these boxes the specimens are pinned after the wings
have become set as described above. They can be pinned with
wings overlapping or “shingled,” so that a great many speci-

204 ENTOMOLOGICAI NEWS [May, ’14

mens will find room in a single box.. Eight such boxes can be
placed in an ordinary suit case together with nets and other
paraphernalia, and will accommodate 300 to 400 specimens.

When it is desired to move to another locality or to ship
specimens home, the blotters in the boxes are moistened, a
few hours in advance, with water to which a few drops of
carbolic acid have been added, and the boxes for the time left
upside down. The specimens will thus be sufficiently relaxed
to stand the roughest kind of journey without the slightest
damage, and will remain pliant for from 24 to 72 hours ac-
cording to the amount of water supplied. If the boxes are
wrapped with wax paper and an outer wrapping of stout
paper, the moisture is conserved and the period of pliancy ac-
cordingly prolonged.

In handling my specimens in the above manner, I place on
the pin of each specimen, at the time of pinning, a temporary
pin label, bearing a number to indicate the locality, besides
the date of capture. This pin label accompanies the specimen
during all subsequent handling, and is ultimately replaced by
a permanent label carrying full data obtained from a field note
book or key.

The advantages of this method may be summed up as fol-
lows:

1. Immunity from damage to specimens in transit and
handling.

2. Retention of natural shape of bodies of insects.

3. Greater facility in relaxing and spreading, resulting in
much better specimens, with wings in better position.

4. Ready examination, selection and identification of ma-
terial without the delay of spreading.

This method is not entirely original, being first suggested
by seeing Mr. R. W. Dawson, of the University of Nebraska,
place his specimens in tin boxes at the end of a day’s collect-
ing, and pin them on the following day when they were pliable
so that the wings readily remained in a horizontal position.
Possibly other collectors have hit upon the same scheme, but
many have not and it seems good enough to pass along for
their benefit.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 205

The Neotropical Tipulidae in the Hungarian Nat-
ional Museum (Diptera)—III.

By Cuas. P. ALEXANDER, Ithaca, N. Y.
(Plate IX.)
Tribe 3—ERIOPTERINI.
Genus Erioptera Meigen.
1803. Erioptera Meigen; Illiger’s Magaz., vol. 2, p. 262.

Erioptera (Mesocyphona) annulipes Williston.!
One female from San Bernardino, Paraguay, Fiebrig, 1908;
one female from Callanga, Peru.

Erioptera (Mesocyphona) sp.
One female from Paraguay, taken by Fiebrig. It is closely
allied to immaculata Alexander.?

Erioptera (Mesocyphona) sp.
One male from Coroico, Bolivia. Closely allied to caloptera
Say.®
Genus Molophilus Curtis.
1833. Molophilus Curtis; Brit. Entomol., p. 444.

Molophilus flavidus sp. n. (Pl. IX fig. 2).

Color yellowish; male antenne elongate; ventral appendage of the
male hypopygium deeply bifid.

Male—tLength, about 4.1 mm.; wing, 5.6 mm. Palpi brown; an-
tennae elongate, the segments covered with a dense pubescence, an-
tennz very light brown; head dull yellow.

Pronotum pale yellow without apparent stripes, the lateral margin
of the sclerite and the sides of the pronotal scutellum very light yel-
low; scutum, scutellum and postnotum light brownish yellow. Pleure
light yellow. Halteres, stem yellow, knob broken.

Legs, coxz and trochanters yellow; femora yellow basally darkened
into brownish on the apical half; tibia and tarsi brown.

Wings pale yellowish, veins light yellow, indistinct. Venation: basal
deflection of R4 plus 5 very reduced, or, in other words, the veins
R2 plus 3 and R4 arise almost directly from the end of R5.

Abdomen light yellowish brown. Hypopygium with the ventral ap-
pendage (see Plate IX, fig. 2) very deeply bifid, the inner branch snort-
er, at its tip slightly denticulated, the outer branch very long, bearing

1 Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 204 (1806).

2 Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 44, No. 1966, p. 518; pl. 66,
fig. 20.

3 Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 3, p. 17 (1823).

206 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 714
along its ventral face a row of spine-like teeth, the tip flattened and
provided with a few appressed teeth. The dorsal lobe at its dorso-apical
angle provided with the usual curved hook-like appendage, the lobe
densely clothed with long, pale hairs; the tip of the lobe ventrad of
the hook-like appendage is produced into a short, sharp spine.

Holotype, male, Concepcion, Chile (P. Herbst, coll.), 1904,
in the Hungarian National Museum.

The ? Erioptera uniformis Blanchard‘, ? longipes Philippi’
and ? pallida Philippi® may possibly be’ Molophili. Philippi’s
description would seem to indicate rather unusual insects,
longipes being described as having an elongate rostrum. In
our present state of knowledge of Chilian Tipulidae, I cannot
determine any of the forms before me as Blanchard’s or
Philippi’s species.

Molophilus taurus sp. n. (Pl. IX, fig. 1.)

Color brown; male antennz short, ventral appendage of the male
hypopygium deeply bifid.

Male.—Length, about 4.6 mm.; wing, 6.2 mm. Palpi dark brown;
antenne short, the flagellar segments oval to elongate-oval, brown;
head blackish gray.

Pronotum narrow, the scutum yellow, with a brown tinge, a bunch
of long black hairs at each outer angle; scutellum light yellow. Meso-
notal prescutum light grayish brown; scutum and scutellum light
brown; postnotum very dark grayish brown. Pleure brownish gray,
more yellowish around the wing-root. Halteres pale yellowish brown.

Legs brown. Wings subhyaline, the veins distinct, brown. Vena-
tion: R4 plus 5 rather long, longer than the cross-vein 7. ‘

Abdomen dark brown, densely clothed with long pale hairs. Hypo-
pygium with the ventral appendage (see Plate IX, figure 1) very deeply
bifid, the inner branch short bearing on its inner face a number of
blunt teeth, including a bunch of about three near the middle, the tip
sharp; outer branch long, slender, directed caudad and entad, crossing
its mate of the opposite side like a rapier, long, cylindrical, tapering
to the sharp point. Dorsal lobe and its appendages about as in flavi-
dus.

Holotype, male, Rancagua, Chile. December, 1904 (P.:
Herbst, coll.), in the Hungarian National Museum.

4 Blanchard, Gay, in Hist. fis. y polit. de Chile; Zool., vol. 7, p. 343
(1852).

5 Philippi, Verb. Zool-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 15, p. 616 (1865).

8 Philippi, J. c.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 207

Molophilus sagittarius sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 4.)

Color brown; male antenne short; ventral appendage of the male
hypopygium simple, its caudal margin with about six long serrations.

Male.—Length, about 3.8 mm.; wing, about 6 mm. Palpi dark brown.
antenne brown, short, the flagellar segments oval; head grayish brown.

Pronotum enormously enlarged, fitting around the cephalic margin
of the mesonotum like a life belt, bright yellow. Prascutum and
scutum dark brown; scutellum yellowish brown; postnotum dark
brown. Pleurze dark brown. Halteres entirely light yellow.

Legs, coxze and trochanters brownish yellow; femora yellowish
brown; tibie and tarsi brown.

Wings subhyaline, veins brown, rather distinct.

Abdomen dark brown. Hypopygium with the ventral appendage
(See Plate IX, figure 4) simple, flattened, its outer margin with about
six long serrations.

Female—About as in the male but the pronotum is not conspicu-
ously swollen and is not yellow; the thoracic prescutum has indica-
tions of three darker dorsal stripes; wings a little browner.

Holotype, male, Coroico, Bolivia. Allotype, female, Callanga,
Peru. Paratype, female, Cillutincara, Bolivia.

Allied to M. perseus Alexander’, of Colombia, but the
ventral appendage of the male hypopygium is much less regu-
larly serrated on its outer margin and the teeth are fewer
(about 6 instead of 10 or 12) and longer; dorsal lobe very
small and narrow. The hypopygium of M. guatemalensis
Alexander® has never been described and so I figure the
ventral hypopygial appendage (see Plate IX, fig. 3) ; the ap-
pendage is simple, sickle-shaped, on the outer side near the
base with a sharp point.

Genus Gnophomyia Osten Sacken. —
1859. Gnophomyia. Osten Sacken; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p.
223.
Gnophomyia luctuosa Osten Sacken.
One female from the Sierra, San Lorenzo, Colombia; Uj-
heyi, collector.

T Alexander, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., vol. 21, pp. 201, 202; pl. 6,
figs. 4, 5 (1913).
8 Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 44, No. 1966, p. 511 (1913).

208 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 714

Gnophomyia maestitia sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 8.)

Color black; a yellow spot on the caudal end of the pronotum;
wings dark colored with a darker brown cross band near the cord;
halteres black; antenne of the ¢ elongate. Male, length 5.5 mm.;
wing, 5.8 mm. Female, length 5.5 mm.; wing, 5.8 mm.

Male.—Palpi black; antennze long, extending beyond the base of the
wing; flagellar segments elongate, black; head black.

Pronotal scutellum largely light yellow, the median portion dark.
Mesonotal prescutum deep black; scutum, scutellum and postnotum
black, the scutellum shiny and with a pearly lustre. Pleure black; a
narrow, light yellow mark extending from the end of the pronotal
scutellum almost to the wing-root; a yellow blotch between the mid-
dle and hind coxe.

Halteres black. Legs black. Wings dark colored, a broad, irregular
dark band in the vicinity of the cord; cells R and M almost hyaline.
Venation (see Plate ix, figure 8): Cross-vein r connecting with R2;
R2 very long; Rs short, straight.

Abdominal tergites dark brownish black; sternites a little paler.

Female.—Yellow color of the thorax reduced, the pronotal pattern
confined to a small rounded spot underneath the pseudosutural fovea;
yellow on the mesosternum not indicated; antenne rather shorter.

Holotype, male, Vilcanota, Peru; Allotype, female, Callanga,
Peru ; Paratypes, 1 male, Vilcanota, Peru; 3 males, 2 females,
Callanga, Peru; in the Hungarian National Museum; 1 male.
1 female, paratypes, in author’s collection.

Most closely allied to nigrina Wied.” from which it differs in
its slightly larger size, difference in body coloration and in
wing pattern; Iuctuosa O. S. and tristissima O. S.™
are the only other species with which it could be confused,
differing from the former by its long antennae, non-pubescent
wings, etc., and from the latter by its black halteres, short and
straight radial sector, etc.

Gnophomyia pervicax sp. n. (Pl. IX, fig. 7.)

Shiny yellowish; thoracic dorsum with three brown stripes; pleure
yellow with a dorsal brown band; wings hyaline with a narrow brown
seam along the cord; vein R2 short. Male, length 6 mm.; wing, 6.4
mm. Female, length 4.5 mm.; wing, 6 mm.

Female—Palpi dark brown, the basal segment a little lighter; an-

10 Wiedemann, Aussereur-Zweifl. Ins., vol I, p. 37 (1828).
11 Osten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila. p. 224 (1859).
12 Osten Sacken, I. c.

ENT. NEwsS, VoL. XXV. Plate IX.

NEOTROPICAL TIPULIDAE—ALEXANDER.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 209

tenne brown; front yellow; vertex brownish; occiput and gene dull
yellow.

Pronotum light dull yellow. Mesonotal prescutum shiny, dull yel-
low with three very broad brown stripes which are confluent behind,
the middle stripe beginning at the cephalic margin of the sclerite;
scutum light brown, the middle of the lobes dark brown; scutellum
light brown; postnotum light brown, the sides very dark, almost
black, especially behind. Pleure yellowish, the mesopleure tinged
with brown; a large rounded dark brown spot between the bases of
the halteres and the wings. Halteres light yellow, knob brown.

Legs, coxe and trochanters yellowish, femora and tibie dull yellow,
tarsi dull yellow becoming brown on the apical segments.

Wings subhyaline, a brown band extending from the tips of Sc and
R down across the cord to cell 1stM2; veins brown. Venation (see
Plate IX, figure 7): Sc long, extending beyond the cross-vein r; cross-
vein r connecting with R2 plus 3 nearer to its origin than its tip; R2
very short.

Abdomen with the four basal tergites yellow with a broad, dark
brown, lateral margin; remaining tergites dull brown; sternites, basal
ones dull yellow, terminal four sclerites suffused with brown.

Male—This sex shows a dark brown pleural band across the scler-
ites; femora with a light brown tip, tibie with a distinct brown tip;
cross-vein r about midlength of R2 plus 3 and a faint brown seam!
along the outer end of cell 1stM2.

Holotype, male; Allotype, female, Callanga, Peru, in the
Hungarian National Museum.

G. pervicax is allied to G. hirsuta Alex.13 (Brazil) in
its peculiar venation but has only a single narrow alar cross-

band.

Genus Trimicra Osten Sacken.
1861. Trimicra Osten Sacken; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p. 290.

Trimicra sp.
One male from Asuncion, Paraguay, June, 1905. Vezenyi.

Genus Sigmatomera Osten Sacken.

1869. Sigmatomera Osten Sacken; Mon. Dipt. N. Am., vol. 4, p.
137.
Sigmatomera occulta sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 5.)

Wings without dark cross bands; cell 1stM2 closed.

Female.—Length, 13.5 mm.; wing, 14.3 mm. Rostrum and palpi

13 Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 44, No. 1966, p. 523, plate
67, fig. 30 (1913).

210 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 14

light yellow, the terminal palpal segments a little more brown; an-
tenne with the two basal segments dull yellow, flagellum black; head
dull greenish brown (greasy in the type).

Thoracic dorsum dull brownish yellow without well defined stripes;
caudo-lateral angles of the prescutum brown; scutum and scutellum
brown; postnotum greenish brown. Pleure dull yellow. Halteres
yellow.

Legs light yellow, the tibie a little darkened at the tip, tarsi brown.

Wings hyaline, cells C and Sc yellow; veins C, Sc and R yellow,
other veins dark brown. Venation (see Plate IX, figure 5): Deflec-
tion of R2 plus 3 with a spur at midlength; cell 1stM2 closed.

Abdominal tergites rich brown with a blackish median blotch;
sternites brownish,

Holotype, female, Ascuncion, Villa Morra, Paraguay, Vezen-
yi, in the Hungarian National Museum.

S. occulta differs from S. flavipennis O. S.™“, the only
described species with a closed cell 1stM2, in its lack of dark
crossbands on the wing.

Genus Rhabdomastix Skuse.
1889. Rhabdomastix Skuse; Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, ser. 2,
vol. 4, p. 828.

Rhabdomastix (Rhabdomastix) illudens sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 6.)

Antenne of the ¢ between four and five times as long as the body;
a dark brown stigmal spot.

Male—tLength, 7.4 mm.; wing, 7.7 mm.; antenne, 33 mm. Palpi
very short, the first segment light brown, the apical segments almost
black; antenne with the basal segment enormously enlarged, barrel-
shaped, the second segment small, rounded, flagellar segments succes-
sively elongated, the apical segments very long, the whole antenne
almost five times as long as the body; scapal segments brown, flagel-
lar segments very pale, the extreme tip of each segment narrowly
dark brownish black, the apical antennal segments more brown; the
whole head underneath the swollen scapal segment is very deep and
stout; head light gray.

Thorax brown with a light gray bloom; pseudosutural fovea large,
prominent, black; tuberculate pits rather far cephalad, black; scutum
and postnotum grayish, scutellum rich brown. Pleure pale brownish
with a sparse gray bloom. Halteres short, yellowish.

Legs, coxz and trochanters yellowish; fore and middle trochanters
long and slender, the hind trochanter shorter; femora and tibie yel-
lowish brown becoming browner on the tarsi.

14 Osten Sacken, Smithson. Miscell. Coll., vol. 11, No. 256 (1873).

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 211

Wings subhyaline; a brown stigmal spot; veins pale brownish yel-
low. Venation (see Plate IX, figure 6) almost as in R (Sacandaga)
flava Alex.15 but the cross-vein m, here, is much longer.

Abdominal tergites yellowish brown, sternites paler, yellowish.

Holotype, male, Coroico, Bolivia, in the Hungarian National
Museum.

From R. (R.) ostensackeni Skusel® (Australia) it dif-
fers in the much greater length of the antennae which is here
more than four times as long as the body, in ostensackeni not
quite twice as long. From the members of the subgenus
Sacandaga, it differs in the elongate male antennae. The dis-
covery of a member of this subgenus in the New World is of
exceptional interest.

Genus Lecteria Osten Sacken.
1887. Lecteria Osten Sacken; Berl. Entomol. Zeitschr., vol. 31, p.
206.

Lecteria armillaris Fabr. 7
One female from Espirito Santo, Brazil; one specimen, sex

uncertain, from Callanga, Peru.

Lecteria abnormis sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 9.)

Tibiz spurred; color grayish with a narrow dorsal brown median
line extending from the head to the mesonotal scutellum; wings sub-
hyaline with a brown costal margin; vein R2 obliterated.

Sex, (?) (probably a 2). Head and thorax, 4.5 mm.; wing, 12.8
mm. Rostrum and palpi dark brown; antennal segments 1 and 2 dull
yellow, the first segment very long, the second very short, globular;
flagellar segments brownish; front, vertex and occiput yellowish gray
with a narrow dark brown median vitta originating beween the an-
tennz and running to the caudal margin.

Pronotum gray with a narrow dark brown median stripe. Meso-
notal prescutum brownish, more grayish behind and on the sides, with
a dark brown median line; scutum and scutellum light gray, the dark
brown median vitta ending on the scutellum; postnotum gray. Pleure
very light gray. Halteres dull yellow, the knob dark brown.

Legs, coxe light gray, trochanters dull yellow, femora dull brown-
ish yellow with a dark brown subapical ring close to the tip, tibiz
spurred, dull yellow, brown at the tip; tarsi brownish yellow, the
apices of the segments darker, brown.

1% Alexander, Ent. News, vol. 22, pp. 351, 352 (1911).

16 Skuse, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, vol. 4, second series, p. 829,
pl. 22, fig. 15 (1889).

17 Fabricius, Syst. Antl., p. 26 (1805).

212 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

Wings subhyaline, cells C and Sc brown, veins brown. Venation
(see Plate IX, figure 9) vein R2 entirely obliterated and i two
branches of the sector attain the margin.

Abdomen broken.

Holotype, Paraguay, Fiebrig, coll., in the Hungarian Na-
tional Museum.

L. abnormis belongs to Psaronius Enderlein, if this be ad-
mitted as a valid genus or subgenus.

We have here a venational phenomenon which is compar-
able to that in the subgenus Leiponeura of Gonomyia Meigen,
that is, the total obliteration of one of the branches of the
radial sector. This condition is presaged by L. obliterata
Alex.'® (British Guiana) but in this new species the loss
of R2 is complete. In keys to the Tipulid tribes this would
run down to the Antochini and students of the family should
exercise care in the study of this interesting group of species.

Tribe 4—LIMNOPHILINI.
Genus Limnophila Macquart.
1834. Limnophila Macquart; Suit. a Bffon, vol. I, p. 95.

Limnophila kerteszi sp. n. (Pl. IX, fig. 10.)

Thorax grayish without distinct stripes; wings long and narrow with
brown markings, these largest along the costal border.

Female.—Length, 8.8 mm.; abdomen, 7.6 mm.; wing, 8.6 mm. Ros-
trum and palpi very dark brown; antenne dark brownish black; head
grayish brown.

Thoracic prescutum yellowish brown without apparent stripes; scu-
tum gray, the lobes dark brown; scutellum and postnotum light gray.
Pleure brown with a dull gray bloom. Halteres long, very pale, al-
most whitish, the knob a little brown.

Legs, coxe brownish, trochanters dull yellow, femora dull yellow
with an indistinct brown subapical ring, tibie brown, tarsi brown.

Wings whitish with brown marks as follows: Cell C brown except
the outer quarter; cell Scr except the tip; a brown mark at the base
of cell R, another at the origin of Rs; an irregular brown seam along
the cord; a large brown blotch occupying the end of cell R2 and the
middle of cell R3; a rounded spot in the middle of cell R5; marks on
the forks of veins, cross-veins and deflections of veins and at the ends
of the longitudinal veins; gray clouds along the anal angle of the wing.
Venation (see Plate IX, figure 10) : Sc2 longer than Sc1; Rs very long,
straight in a line with R2 plus 3; cell M1 present.

18 Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 44, No. 1966, p. 494, plate
68, figure 41 (1913).

Vol. xxv ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2I
5

Abdomen long, tergites dark brown; sternites dark brown on the
basal third and along the sides; remainder of each segment yellow.

Holotype, female, Sao Paulo, Brazil, in the Hungarian Na-
tional Museum.

Limnophila conspersa Enderlein.!9
One female from Espirito Santo, Brazil. More properly re-
ferred to Limnophila than Lecteria or Psaronius.

Genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken.

1859. Epiphragma Osten Sacken; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila., p.
238.
Epiphragma cordillerensis Alexander.29

One female, Callanga, Peru; one, sex uncertain, from San
Antonio, Bolivia.

Tribe 5—HExATOMINI.
Genus Eriocera Macquart.
1838. Eriocera Macquart; Dipt. Exot., vol. I, pt. I, p. 74.

Eriocera perdecora sp. n. (PI. IX, fig. 11.)

Head black; thoracic dorsum reddish; abdomen black; wings brown
with a broad yellow cross band and yellowish anal cells.

Female.—Length, about 18.5 mm.; wing, 14.4 mm. Rostrum and palpi
black; antennz black; head black.

Pronotum black; mesonotum entirely light orange-yellow, the ex-
treme lateral margin of the sclerites dark brown. Pleure dark brown-
ish black. Halteres black.

Legs, coxze and trochanters dark brown; femora brown, darker at
the tip; tibiz and tarsi dark brown; middle and hind femora with the
basal half brighter, brownish yellow.

Wings dark brown, cells C and Sc yellow; a broad yellow band across
the wing mostly before the cord; anal cells largely yellowish. Vena-
tion, see Plate IX figure 11.

Abdominal tergites dark brownish black, the last segments more red-
dish, valves of the ovipositor dark brown; sternites, basal segments a
little brighter, the last segment reddish.

Holotype, female, Callanga, Peru, in the Hungarian Na-
tional Museum.

In my key to the Neotropical Eriocerae (Psyche, vol. 21, pp.
34-37. 1914.) perdecora would run down to the couplet con-

19 Enderlein, Zool. Jahrbuch, vol. 32, pt. I, pp. 49, 50 (fig. D1) (1912).
(as Dactylolabis).

20 Alexander, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., vol. 21, pp. 202, 203, pl. 5, fig. 8
(1913).

214 ENTOMOLOGICAIL, NEWS [May, 714

taining braconides End.4 and magnifica Alex.”, species with
the head black. It differs from both of these species and
from all other banded winged species, in its reddish thoracic
dorsum.

Eriocera sublima sp. n. (Pl. IX, fig. 12.)

Head red; thorax black; abdomen black, the last segment orange;
wings dark brown with a very narrow white cross band at the cord.

Female.—Length, 13.2 mm.; wing, 11.4 mm. Rostrum and palpi dark
brown; antennze with the scapal segments deep orange-red, flagellar
segments dark brown; front, vertex and occiput fiery orange, the genz
darker.

Thorax dark brownish black, the mesonotum without well defined
stripes. Halteres black.

Legs very dark brownish black, the tips of the tibize and the tarsi
much paler, light brown.

Wings dark brown, the alar band white and very narrow, of about
the same width as the cell 1stM2; anal cells of the wing scarcely paler.
Venation, see Plate IX, figure 12.

Abdominal segments dark brown, the last segment abruptly fiery
orange.

Holotype, female, Minas Geraes, Brazil, 1897. Ex Coll.
Fruhstorfer, in the Hungarian National Museum.

This species differs from all of the forms with banded
wings in the very narrow, white alar band, and in its very dark

brownish coloration.

Eriocera chrysoptera Walker. (PI. IX, fig. 13.)

1856. Limnobia chrysoptera Walker; Ins. Saunders, vol. 1, Dipt.,
p. 438.

1902. L. chrysoptera Kertesz; Cat. Dipt., vol. 2, p. 171.

1913. Eriocera chrysoptera Alexander; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.; vol.
44, No. 1966, p. 490.

1914. Eriocera chrysoptera Alexander; Psyche, vol. 21, p. 37.

Female—Length, 18.8 mm.; wing, 13.6 mm. Rostrum, palpi, an-
tenne and head very deep black.

Thorax black. Halteres short, black.

Legs, coxe and trochanters black, basal portion of femora dark
brownish black, this dark base narrowest on the fore legs, broadest
on the hind legs where it covers almost one-third of the segment, tip
of femora black, the middle portion bright yellow; tibie and tarsi
very dark brown.

21 Enderlin, Zool. Jahrb., vol. 32, pt. 1, p. 47, fig. Br (1912).
22 Alexander, Psyche, vol. 21, pp. 37, 38; pl. 4, fig. 7 (1914).

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 215

Wings bright golden yellow, the anal cells gray; tip of the wing
from the cord outward dark brown. Venation, see Plate IX, figure 13.
Abdomen black.

Two specimens, one a female, one with the abdomen brok-
en, from Coroico, Bolivia. I have but little doubt that this is
Walker’s chrysoptera; the type in the British Museum has lost
all the legs, which are quite distinctive in this species.

’Eriocera ohausiana Enderlein.

1912. Eriocera ohausiana Enderlein; Zool. Jahrb., vol. 32, pt. 1,
Pp. 45, 46, fig. Ar.

1913. Eriocera ohausiana Alexander; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
44, No. 1966, p. 490.

1914. Eriocera ohausiana Alexander; Psyche, vol. 21, p. 36.

One male, Sierra, San Lorenzo, Colombia; Ujhelyi, coll.
One male, one female, Callanga, Peru. One female from
Songo, Bolivia. One female from Coroico, Bolivia.

These specimens vary much in intensity of the wing-pat-
tern and in coloration, but I cannot find characters which will
justify specific separation. The two females from Bolivia
lack the dark femoral apices and have the abdominal tergites
5-7 blackish, the wing much more uniform in coloration, etc.
The female from Peru has the legs dark brown and lacks
black coloration on the abdomen. I have retained one male,
one female, for my collection.

EXPLANATION OF Prate IX.

Figure 1. Hypopygium of Molophilus taurus sp. n.; ventral apical
appendage from beneath.

Figure 2. Hypopygium of M. flavidus sp. n.; ventral apical append-
age from beneath.

Figure 3. Hypopygium of M. guatemalensis Alexander; ventral api-
cal appendage from beneath.

Figure 4. Hypopygium of M. sagittarius sp. n.; ventral apical ap-
pendage from beneath.

Figure 5. Wing of Sigmatomera occulta sp. n.

Figure 6. Wing of Rhabdomastix illudens sp. n.

Figure 7. Wing of Gnophomyia pervicax sp. n.

Figure 8. Wing of G. maestitia sp. n.

Figure 9. Wing of Lecteria abnormis sp. n.

Figure 10. Wing of Limnophila kerteszi sp. n.

Figure 11. Wing of Eriocera perdecora sp. n.

Figure 12. Wing of E. sublima sp. n.

Figure 13. Wing of E. chrysoptera Walker.

216 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 714

On the Genus Phoetalia of Authors (Orthoptera,
Blattidae, Epilamprinae).
By James A. G. REHN and Morcan HEBARD.

In 1875 Stal erected the genus Phoetalia, giving Nauph.
laevigata P. B. as type, which species is now known to be a
member of the genus Nyctibora. Thus Phoetalia falls into
the synonymy under Nyctibora. The difficulty was caused by
Stal really having material belonging to the genus at present
under discussion, but confusing the species with the very dif-
ferent laevigata of Beauvois as other authors had already
done. We here propose the name Wattenwyliella for the genus
which has been known as Phoetalia by Kirby, Rehn and
Hebard and Caudell and as Phaetalia by Shelford, and we
select Nauphoeta pallida of Brunner as the type. The genus
includes another species, Nauphoeta circumvagans of Bur-
meister.

Wattenwyliella pallida (Brunner).

1839. Blatta laevigata Serville (not of Beauvois, 1805), Ins. Orth.,
p. 98, No. 21. (Cuba, Martinique.)

1857. Blatta (Panchlora) laevigata Guerin (not of Beauvois, 1805),
Ramon de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Ins., p. 344. (Cuba.)

1864. Blatta laevigata Saussure (not of Beauvois, 1805), Mem.
Mex. Blatt., p. 99, pl. 1, fig. 16. (Cuba; Martinique; San Domingo.)

1865. Nauphoeta pallida Brunner, Syst. Blatt. p. 286. (Cuba.)

1868. Nauphoeta marginalis Walker, Cat. Blatt. Br. Mus., p. 41,
no. 14. (——?)

1870. Nauphoeta laevigata Saussure (not Blatta laevigata of Beau-
vois, 1805), Miss. Sci. Mex., Orth., p. 104. (Antilles; Mexico.)

1893. Nauphoeta laevigata Saussure and Pictet (not Blatta laevigata
of Beauvois, 1805), Biol. Cent-Amer., Orth, I, p. ror. (Mexico;
Guatemala; Cuba; San Domingo.)

1904. Phoetalia pallida Kirby, Synon. Cat. Orth., I, p. 116. (West
Indies; Brazil; Teneriffe, Canary Islands.)

1910. Phoetalia laevigata Rehn and Hebard (not Blatta laevigata of
Beauvois, 1805), Ent. News, xxi, p. 103. (Key Largo, Florida.)

1910. P(haetalia) laevigata Shelford (not Blatta laevigata of Beau-
vois, 1805), Gen. Ins., Fasc. 101, Epilamprinae, p. 8.

1912. Phoetalia laevigata Rehn and Hebard (not Blatta laevigata of
Beauvois, 1805), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila. 1912, p. 240. (Key
Largo, Florida.)

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 217

1913. Phoetalia laevigata Caudell (not Blatta laevigata of Beauvois,
1805), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, p. 603.

Saussure’s description and figure of this species, in 1864, as
Blaita laevigata Palis. Beauv., are very satisfactory though
the colors of the figure are too brilliant.

Brunner, in 1865, misidentified specimens of circumvagans
as the present species, hence his redescription and use of the
name pallida for the present insect, which at that time was
generally considered to be Blatta laevigata.

Wattenwyliella circumvagans (Burmeister).

1838. N(auphoeta) circumvagans Burmeister, Handb. Ent,. II, p. 508.
(Santa Catherina, Brazil; Teneriffe, Canary Islands; around the
world in ships.)

1858. Blatta marginicollis Stal, Eugenie’s Resa, Ins., p. 307. (Ma-
deira.)

1865. N(auphoeta) laevigata Brunner (not Blatta laevigata of Beau-
vois, 1805), Syst. Blatt., p. 285, pl. vii, figs. 33a-e. (Madeira.)

1910. P(haetalia) circumvagans Shelford, Gen. Ins., Fasc. 101, Epi-
lamprinae, p. 8.

Brunner’s description and figtires of the present species, as
N. laevigata Pal., are by far the most explicit and satisfactory.

An Adventure While Collecting Bees in Guatemala.*
By WitMATTE PorTER COCKERELL, Boulder, Colorado.

To the wise old saw: Blessed is the man who has a hobby,

I would add, and many times blessed the woman. When I

think of the good things I might have missed if I had not been

collecting bees, I marvel that all travelers do not turn natur-

[* Mrs. Cockerell was just a month in Guatemala. So far the fol-
lowing new things have been described from her collections. Many
of the things have not yet been worked up. I give only the things
actually published: 1 tree (Phyllocarpus septentrionalis Donn. Smith),
1 snail (Thysanophora cockerellae Pilsbry), 5 gregarines (descr. by
Ellis), 4 Ichneumonidae (3 descr. by Viereck, 1 by Ckll.), 1 Chalcidid
(descr. by CkIl.), 1 n. g. and sp. Orthoptera (descr. by CkIl.), 36 spp.
and 11 subspp. of bees. (One additional bee has been sent for publica-
tion, and a paper by Rohwer with numerous new wasps awaits publi-
cation.)—T. D. A. C.]

218 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14:

alists or perhaps archeologists, or bibliophiles, for even the
collection of idols or old books has elements not to be despised.

My net was always a letter of introduction, for there are
naturalists the world over. ‘The first friend to be thus bagged
was a young engineer who was taking a job on the great
canal only because he wanted to make collections of tropical
beetles, and the last was an engineer coming home from
South America, the grandson of a celebrated nature writer,
and himself an ardent student of color photography. How
much these young men added to my going and coming with
tales of strange lands and distant peoples! And curiously,
the first person I met at the-port was a woman, who had lived
for years in the little republic and who had an inexhaustible
fund of animal and plant lore. Then there were the others,
full of kindness to the lady “bug-catcher,” but the most graci-
ous of all the friend who took me to her house and guarded
my time so that every moment might count for, the bees or
bee notes of that wonderful tropical land.

Once, however, I found myself suspected and arrested; my
net a badge of some strange foreign magic.

We drove from Guatemala City to Antigua, and though it
is a scant thirty miles we were the most of the day on the
road. It was simply maddening to sit in the carriage and see
all sorts of new and wonderful plants growing by the road-
side, and every little while a great bee would crawl from its
nest in the bank by the road and add greatly to my unhappi-
ness. So when we started home I determined to walk ahead
of the carriage, and do some collecting. The carriage was
ordered for ten-thirty, and I planned to start at six if possible.
At five I went into the dining room hoping to get some
breakfast, but the funny waitress, a French negro ladrina,
declared there was no breakfast for an hour and held up her
brown finger to emphasize the information, but a man was
eating in the cornér and I appealed to him as he spoke Eng-
lish. No, he said, it was not yet breakfast time; the bread had
not yet been brought in (it is usually baked by the Indians
and brought in by the basket load), and the milk was still at

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 219

the finca (farm). This all sounded reasonable enough if
the man had not been eating, and so I inquired: “If one, why
not another.” For a moment he seemed confused, but with
a wave of the hand and.a bow (the Spanish way of dismiss-
ing a troublesome question) he answered: “It is too early
for ladies.”

I felt that I would better go hungry than to insist in the
face of such gallant sentiments but my bibliophile friend ap-
peared. She knows the ways of the country, the language,
and best of all has a fund of compliments that even put a
Spanish gentleman to shame, and like magic the breakfast
appeared—oranges, bread, hot milk, and even pan dulce
(sweet biscuit.)

The stars were still shining as I walked through the long
quiet streets, lined with adobe houses, all one-story, and rich
in Moorish tints of yellow and pink and azure blue. The sun
was only just warming up the hillsides when I came into the
open country. The road was cut through the hills and on

both sides the land rose quickly into a rough foothill region,
_ sparsely covered with trees and flowery bushes. On the first
rise there were scattered pines, and in the direction of the
city I could see the perfect cones of the volcanoes. The air
was fresh and invigorating, and I spent a wonderful three
hours on that warm hillside. There was a bush covered with
blossoms that looked like our red pentstemons literally full of
humming birds and a tree, which for want of a better name,
I called the Senecio tree, swarming with bees; and there were
birds very like our Baltimore Oriole, but with heavier bills,
eating the berries from a Solanum. On the larger trees, I
could hear the insistent drumming of woodpeckers, and oc-
casionally I caught a glimpse of one as it flew from tree to
tree, a brown-speckled bird with a gleam of azure when it
flew. Indian men and women were preparing bundles of
wood and passed me now and then with a “Buenos dias,
Senora.” A small boy came down from the pine ridge to
try his English upon me. He had once had a little English,
at a school in Guatemala City, at least so I gathered, and he

220 ENTOMOLOGICAL, NEWS [May, ’14

knew half dozen English phrases. “Are you American or
English? Is your President Mr. Roosevelt? Are you mar-
ried? How old are you?” When I satisfied him upon all
these important questions, and he had helped me catch a large
butterfly, and accepted with great thanks $2.00 (10 cents) he
went back to his wood cutting. A white-throated humming
bird came and settled on my net, and every few minutes I
added a new species of bee to my collection.

Much too soon it was eleven o’clock, and I felt I must get
back near enough to the road to see the carriage. Unfortu-
nately, when I could see the road I could be seen, and, as
many Indians were passing along, I found myself inspected
by them. I tried to go on with my collecting as though I was
quite accustomed to work with fifty Indians looking on. In
the main, I did not think them unfriendly, though I was told
that they do not like foreigners. I saw no white people and
I understood that there were very few in that part of the
country. An Indian came and looked over the fence and asked
me what I was doing. I explained in Spanish, which I had
carefully learned by heart, that I caught butterflies and flies,
mariposas and moscas, and I hoped it was permitted. At that
he began shaking his stick in my face, and talking volumes
of Spanish, none of which I understood. I tried to pretend
that I took no further interest in him and went on with my
collecting, but when he began to crawl under the fence I
crawled out. I could argue the case better on the road, and I
expected the carriage every minute. He came up near to me
waving his stick, and when I seemed not to be taking the mat-
ter as seriously as he intended, he called and a man with a
gun appeared, possibly a soldier. He was the funniest sight
I ever expect to see—his gun was a most curious old-fashioned
sort; he was barefooted, of course, and had on trousers made
of flour sacks with ‘“Pillsbury’s Best’? quite conspicuous on
one leg. He said that I was arrested and I laughed—the flour
sack trousers were so very funny! I explained again what I
was doing, and that I was a friend of the priest, who would be

Vol. xxv] - ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 221

angry if I were molested. This finished the soldier person,
and he disappeared amid much talking and great shakings of
the stick by the first officer or brigand.

Still no sound of wheels, but a pleasant-faced Indian woman
came along carrying a huge basket on her head, a baby in a
blanket on her back and two chickens in her hands. I told
her as best I-could that I was afraid of the man, and she
smiled, let me carry the chickens, and we trotted along to-
gether, followed by the militant brigand. But my guide’s road
turned off from the main road, and I was again alone with the
barefooted, blue-calico-dressed officer. Fortunately for my
peace of mind, I soon came to a small adobe house, a cantina
where all the Indians stopped for a drink. My captor said
that I was not to stop, but I stopped. The Indian woman who
sold the drinks told me that I must do as the man said—all
this in Spanish, so that I mostly guessed at what was said.
The officer said in a loud voice that I must go on, pronto
vamoose. I knew those words, and I sat a little more firmly
on the box, and a dozen or more Indians gathered about me,
' and a little five-year-old girl who had left her burden at the
door put her hand in mine with some soft Spanish words. A
pleasant-faced Indian began to argue with the officer, I thought
in my behalf, and all the time the Indians came in and out of
the little room, getting, I am afraid, a little more white eye
than was good for them and all stopping to regard the strange
Inglese lady. Ten rather anxious minutes went by, and my
captor was making further violent efforts with his stick when
I heard our driver’s insistent “Mula! Mula!” Never will
mules look so good to me again as those five that dashed
around the corner and drew up with a flourish in front of the
little cantina.

The Gualtemaltecan’s attitude changed amazingly when he
saw five other Americans. He insisted that he thought I was
poisoning the plants, but so differently did he feel that he
went out and brought a beautiful chrysalis, a souvenir of the
occasion, perhaps.

222 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, 714

A new Coccid Infesting Citrus Trees in California
(Hemip.).
By Roy E. Camppett, Berkeley, California.

In the early part of 1909 student inspectors from Pomona
College discovered a soft scale on citrus trees near Claremont,
California, which appeared to be different from the common
Coccus hesperidum Linn. The insect was first identified as
Coccus longulus Doug., but was later changed to Coccus elon-
gatus Sign. Recent investigations by the writer indicate that
the scale is a new species.

The insects were observed in no great numbers, but have
since become considerably more abundant, and have also been
found in a number of other localities.

Ccccus citricola n. sp.

Adult Female—Length, 3 to 6 mm.; width, 2 to 3 mm.; general
color, dull gray, interspersed with numerous irregular yellowish spots.
Body elongate, ends broadly rounded. Dorsum with small blotches
forming a distinct irregular yellow stripe extending from anal plates
almost to anterior margin. Two similar less distinct submedian stripes
parallel with margin, and occasionally two indistinct submarginal
stripes. A yellowish band of the same character extends around the
margin. Antennae regularly eight-jointed, occasionally a specimen has
seven joints in one and eight in the other, rarely seven in both. Aver-
age and most common formula 8-3-1(4-5)-2-6-7. The eighth is prac-
tically invariably the longest joint, sixth and seventh the shortest,
while the rest vary considerably. No hairs on third and fourth
joints. Stigmatic cleft small, with three spines, median spine curved
and three times as long as others. Marginal hairs numerous, simple,
pointed. Submarginal tubercles very few, or wanting. Anal ring
with six long pointed hairs, plates of the anal operculum with the
base slightly longer than the outer edge. Four fringe setae in
groups of two across anal plates, with the lateral setae of each group
longer than the mesal. Three subapical and four apical setae on
each plate. Tibia one-third shorter than femur and very slightly long-
er than tarsus.

Adult Male.—Length, 1 mm.; body width, .28 mm.; style, .25 mm.;
antennae, .57 mm.; wing length, .17 mm.; wing width, .o5 mm. Color,
dark honey yellow, head and thorax slightly darker. Anterior pair
of upper eyes brownish, small. Posterior pair of upper eyes dark
brown and much larger than anterior pair. Ventral pair dark brown,

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 223

equal in size to posterior upper pair. Antennae yellowish, ten-jointed.
First joint short, cylindrical, second a little longer but thick and oval,
third a little shorter and slender, enlarged toward tip. Fourth, fifth,
sixth and seventh subequal, slender, each about twice as long as third;
eighth, ninth and tenth subequal, the three being not quite as long as
sixth and seventh together; eighth and ninth distinctly swelled, tenth
slightly. Three long knobbed hairs at end of tenth joint, All joints
except first and second with numerous curved hairs. Legs yellow,
with a slightly brownish tinge, quite hairy. Style, lemon yellow, tap-
ering sharply at tip. Wings hyaline, with a microscopic pubescence,
heavier at veins. Veins yellowish.

Male Puparium—tLength, 1.7 mm.; width, .7 mm. Glassy white
surface, rounded. Two lines, beginning at the anal opening diverge
upward for a short distance and then proceed with only a slight di-
vergence to near the anterior end, when they diverge outward again.
Surface of the coronet slightly more convex. A quarter of the dis-
tance from the anterior end, where diverging lines begin to run al-
most parallel, is a cross carina; another carina crosses the coronet at
a little more than a quarter of the distance from posterior end. Just
back of this carina are two spiracular channels, from coronet to each
margin. Half way between the two cross carinae are the other two
spiracular channels, running from coronet to margin. There is a
triangular space for the anal operculum and a cleft from this to the
margin.

Egg.—Length, .21 to .24 mm.; width, .12 to .15 mm. Color, lemon
yellow; oval shaped. When first deposited, light yellow, changing to
a slightly darker tinge before hatching. Eyes show up as minute
black spots.

Larva.—Length, .25 to .3 mm.; width, .15 to .19 mm.; length of
spines, .1 to .12 mm. Antennae, .07 mm. Color, light yellow, eyes
minute black spots, body flat and oval, slightly broader and more
rounded at anterior end. Anal spines slightly less than half the
length of the body. Antennae six-jointed. Eggs and larva are more
yellowish than C. hesperidum.

Habitat, as far as known, on the leaves and twigs of citrus
trees only. The young scales settle mostly on the leaves and
when about half grown migrate to the small twigs. No scales
have been found on twigs larger than one half inch in diam-
eter. When the insects are abundant, and such is usually the
case, they are arranged on the twigs in a curiously imbricated
manner which is quite characteristic. The infestations are
largely confined to the lower half of the tree.

224 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 14

Distributed in Pomona, Claremont, Ontario, Cucamonga,
Colton, Highlands, Redlands and Riverside in Southern Cali-
fornia; in Tulare and Fresno Counties in the lower San Joa-
quin Valley and slight infestations in Sacramento, Yuba City
and Marysville in the Sacramento Valley. It is very probable
that the insect has existed in California for some time and has
passed unnoticed, or what is more likely, has been confused

with and identified as Coccus hesperidum Linn., which it

closely resembles.

Comparison of Coccus citricola n. sp. and two related species.

Coccus hesperidum.
Antennae 7-jointed
Formula

(3-7)-4-2-1-6-5

ard joint longest

4th and 7th almost as
long

4th joint longer than
sth

Hairs of anal ring 8,
2 fringe, 2 subapical
and 4 apical setae
on each plate

Dorsum with no lon-
gitudinal stripes

Appearance, yellow
minutely § specked
with brown spots

4 or 5 submarginal
tubercles on a side

3 or 4 generations a
year

Infests young trees,
or a single branch
of a single large
tree in an orchard

Host plants
Oleander. Camellia
Citrus, Holly
Ivy, Laurel
Jasmine, Myrtle
Phlox and many
others

Coccus citricola
Antennae 8-jointed
Formula
8-3-1-4-5-2-6-7

&th joint longest

4th joint usually
slightly longer than
Sth

Hairs of anal ring 6,
2 fringe, 3 subapical
and 4 apical setae
on each plate

Dorsum with distinct
irregular yellow
stripes

Appearance, dull gray

interspersed with
irregular yellow
spots

Submarginal tubercles
very few or want-

ing
One generation a
year
Infests large trees

uniformly and most
of the trees in an
orchard

Host plants
Citrus trees

Coccus elongatus
Antennae 8-jointed
Formulae
3-(2-5)-(1-4-8) -6-7
3-5- (2-4) - (6-8) -7
ard joint longest
8th joint one of

shortest
5th joint quite con-

stantly longer than
4th
Hairs of anal ring 8,

4 fringe, 4 subapi-

cal, 1 discal and 3

apical setae on each

plate
Dorsum with no lon-
gitudinal stripes

Appearance, din gy
pale yellowish gray

Submarginal tubercles
large and numerous

Host plants
Acacia, Cherimoya
Ficus, Lantana
Citrus, Palms
Ferns, Cherry, Lau-
rel and many oth-
ers

tS

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 225

September Dragonflies about Mesa, Arizona (Odon.).
By E. B. Wiitramson, Bluffton, Indiana.

In September, 1912, Mr. B. J. Rainey collected dragon flies
extensively about Mesa, Arizona. All species seen by him,
with but one exception, were captured, and the following list
is probably practically complete for this section at the season
when he collected. He kindly turned the entire collection of
588 specimens over to me, and furnished the notes on the
habits of different species.

Collections were made at the following locations:

Cnandler, 9 miles south of Mesa, desert country with irri-
gating ditches.

Granite Reef Dam, on Salt River, 9 miles above Mesa, col-
lected along river, up-stream from dam.

Tempe, 6 miles west of Mesa, collected along irrigating
ditches.

Mesa is on Salt River. On September 9 he collected along
an irrigating ditch, 12 feet wide, 1 mile south and 3 miles east
of Mesa.

Hetaerina americana. Common everywhere about swift or slow
water: on grass and bushes over water. Sept. 11, south of Mesa;
Sept. 12, Eastern Canal, Mesa; Sept. 12, Tempe; Sept. 15 and 22,
Granite Reef Dam; Sept. 16, east of Mesa; Sept. 18, Salt River,
Mesa: 56 ¢ and 42 9.

Argia moesta. Sept. 10, Mesa; Sept. 15 and 22, Granite Reef
Dam: 2 ¢ and 6 @.

Argia sedula. Associated with WHetaerina americana. Sept. 8,
along ditch north of Mesa; Sept. 10, 16 and 18, Mesa; Sept. 15 and
22, Granite Reef Dam: 80 ¢ and 5 Q.

Argia pallens. On islands in Salt River, Mesa, Sept. 18, in grass
back from the water; Sept. 22, Granite Reef Dam: 5 ¢ andi Q.

Enallagma civile. Common along irrigating ditches, resting on
twigs in water or near water. Sept. 9 and 10, Mesa; Sept, 8, along
ditch north of Mesa; Sept. 11, south of Mesa; Sept. 12, Tempe;
Sept. 16, east of Mesa: 45 @ and 10 9.

Enallagma praevarum. August 31, Sept. 18 and 22, Mesa: 10 ¢
and 2 Q.

Telebasis salva. In grass and on twigs in water. Sept. 8, 9, 10,
11, 16 and 18, Mesa, Salt River, north, east, southeast and south of
Mesa; Sept. 17, Chandler: 112 ¢ and 19 Q.

226 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, *14

Ischnura denticollis. Sept. 9, Mesa: 1 ¢.

Ischnura demorsa. Sept. 9, 10, 11, 16 and 18, Mesa, Salt River
and east of Mesa: 21 ¢ and 36 Q.

Ischnura barberi. Sept, 8, 9 and 11, Mesa and south of Mesa;
Sept. 12, Tempe: 4 ¢ and 1 @. All Ischnuras were taken in
grass and on twigs in water; flight low.

Progomphus borealis. All were taken away from water 10-40
feet; were resting on tips of twigs, often with abdomen elevated,
and none were seen resting on the ground. Sept. 8 and 18, Salt
River, Mesa, and desert north of Mesa; Sept. 15 and 22, Granite
Reef Dam: 4 ¢ and 6 Q.

Erpetogomphus compositus. All were resting on dirt banks or
broad leaves, always near water; flight swift and straight. Sept.
12, south of Tempe, along canal; Sept. 18, Salt River, Mesa; Sept.
22, Granite Reef Dam: 6 ¢ and 2 Q.

Anax junius. Flying along ditches in bright sunlight, most num-
erous during the middle of the day; associated with the next spe-
cies. Sept. 9, 10, 11 and 13, Mesa and south and southeast of Mesa
along canal: 10 ¢ and 2 Q.

Aeshna multicolor. Associated with the preceding and of simi-
lar habits. Aug. 31 and Sept. 9, Mesa and southeast of Mesa
along a ditch: 11 ¢ and 2 9.

Libellula saturata. Often resting on twigs among dead cacti.
Sept. 8, 11 and 18, Mesa and south of Mesa; Sept. 22, Granite Reef
Dam: 3 ¢ and 3 Q.

Libellula comanche. Flying with Aeshnines, only one seen.
“Basal coloring of wings much reduced (wanting), c. f. Ent. News
XVIII, p. 202; distal brown of stigma reduced (scarcely one-fifth)
—Calvert in letter. Sept 9, southeast of Mesa along ditch, 1 8.

Orthemis ferruginea. Usually resting on dead twigs. Sept. 3,
8, 9 and 10, Mesa, along road north of Mesa, southeast of Mesa
along ditch; Sept. 17, Chandler: 13 ¢ and 4 Q.

Perithemis intensa. On twigs in still water and back and forth
between resting places. Sept. 3, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 16, Mesa, north,
east and south of Mesa; Sept. 17, Chandler: 41 ¢.

Erythemis collocata. About small ponds. Sept. 8, 10, 11, 16 and
18, Mesa, and north, east and south of Mesa; Sept. 17, Chandler:
12. ¢ -ands50.-

Sympetrum corruptum. Sept. 8 and 11, north and south of
Mesa; Sept. 15, Granite Reef Dam: 3 ¢ andi 9.

Pantala flavescens. Sept. 11, south of Mesa,1 ¢.

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., May, 1914.

The Desirability of a Bibliographical Dictionary of
Entomologists*.

Fifteen years ago, in locating and studying Burmeister’s
types of Odonata, it was desirable, as it is in all similar pieces
of work, to ascertain the sources from which he had obtained
his material, the original collectors, and the dates of the col-
lecting, the successive owners into whose hands the specimens
had passed and their fate subsequent to their examination and
description by Burmeister... Such of this information as was
obtained came after a protracted search through the few early
references afforded by Hagen’s Bibliotheca Entomologica
and by papers by authors later than Burmeister which treated
of any of the species included in his Handbuch of 1839.

Five years ago, in preparing an annotated list of the locali-
ties and collectors of Odonata in Mexico and Central America,
for the introduction to the Neuroptera volume of the Biologia
Centrali-Americana, no precise information was acquired as
to the parts of those countries visited by such men as Deppe
or McNiel, and even in the case of de Saussure it was not
complete.

It is not only as to collectors and fate of collected material
that data are often needed. It is frequently highly desirable
‘to know when, where and under what conditions the describ-
ers, the monographers, the systematists did their work, since
such information throws light, in many cases, on the results
of their labors and on the views which they adopted. At this
present time we wish to know something of the personal his-
tory of Brackenridge Clemens, a pioneer in the study of the

*Read at the Atlanta meeting of the Entomological Society of
America, December 30, 1913.

227

228 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’14

American Microlepidoptera. We know that he died in Jan-
uary, 1867, but the Zoological Record and the American en-
tomological and zoological journals of that and the immediate-
ly following years have, so far, not furnished any references
to the existence of anything more than a very brief biographi-
cal sketch. In searching for such a reference, we came across
a short account of the Nicaraguan expedition of McNiel, of
which we were ignorant in 1908 when we most needed it.

These concrete examples show the desirability of a biblio-
graphical dictionary of entomologists, not merely as a matter
of historical interest, but as an important guide to the com-
prehension of the work of our predecessors. By entomologists
we mean not only those who. have published on insects but
also all who have collected or formed collections, including
under the latter head public museums.

Such a dictionary as we suggest should contain as far as
possible, the following information under each entry:

1. The dates and places of birth and death.

2. The periods and places of activity as collector, writer,
etc.

3. The sources of the material which the subject, if a writer,
employed.

4. The subsequent fate of the subject’s personal collections.

5. Especially and superlatively important, references to any
published biographical notices, bibliographies and critical esti-
mates of the subject, if a person. If a Museum, references
to historical accounts of the institution, published lists of col-
lections and types contained, etc.

On account of the interrelations of entomologists and dif- ~
ferent parts of the world, the scope of the dictionary should
be world-wide.

We have not in contemplation the preparation of such a
dictionary. The chief object of this paper is to call the atten-
tion of some one who is bibliographically inclined, and who
has leisure on his hands, to a field which lies ready to be tilled.
Such a philanthropic author must expect difficulty in finding a
publisher for his book when the manuscript has been com-

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 229

pleted. To lessen this difficulty, the paragraph devoted to
each entry should be as brief as possible, particularly where
published information already exists and references to it can
be given. This dictionary is conceived of as a work of refer-
ence, a guide to sources, not as a compilation of all that is
known or may be gleaned from the existing literature.

The task of preparation is not a light one, to be accomplish-
ed in two or three years. It will require many years, access
to large and complete libraries and the exercise of wise judg-
ment to produce a satisfactory result along the lines indicated.
It will be worth the doing, however, and therefore is brought
to the attention of entomologists.

Notes and News

ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.

Ambulyx strigilis L. in Florida (Lep.).

Mr. Morgan Hebard has presented to the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia a specimen of Ambulyx strigilis Linn., taken
at Miami, Dade Co., Florida, February 2, 1899. It would be of interest
to know whether this species is a visitor to Florida or a resident there.
This sphinx moth is found in the West Indies and South America.—
Henry SKINNER.

Side Lights on Entomology.

“To an outsider it looks as though the subject of entomology were
still largely in the taxonomic stage of development, which is not to be
wondered at when one recalls that over half the species of animals are
insects.”—M. A. Curyster, Professor of Botany, University of Maine,
in Science for March 13, 1914, page 377.

7 . what has chiefly contributed to the progress of Odonatology
during the period under review [18095-1912] is the application of the
developmental method as a means of tracing the origin, and so com-
prehending the significance, of the various parts of the Odonate’s body.
If the application of this method to these insects seems to students of
other animal classes to have been slow, the excuse must be the great
number of insect forms, the consequent great mass of detail to be
mentally digested, and the relatively smaller number of investigators.”
—P. P. Catvert, in Transactions, 2nd International Congress of Ento-
mology, Oxford, 1912, page 157, Oct. 14, 1913.

230 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

European Heteroptera Alleged to Occur in the United States. ©

For a long time past, in fact for nearly 10 years, someone or other,
myself included, “following copy,” has gravely listed certain Heterop-
tera as being found in the United States. I have endeavored by word
of mouth and by letter to find out definitely just what was known, but
fruitlessly. Finally I concocted the exchange notice which has ap-
peared lately in the News, stating my wants of European Hemiptera
said to occur in the United States, and naming Dasycoris pilicornis
Burmeister, Gastrodes ferrugineus Linné, Gonianotus marginepunc-
tatus Wolff and Microtoma atrata Goeze. I met with exactly the suc-
cess I anticipated, exactly nothing. Incidentally, the solidarity of my
co-workers in Hemiptera was revealed. They have all maintained a
dignified silence! Now, I emphatically state that any entomologist
who perpetrates (and perpetuates) these errors displays a lack of
familiarity with his subject. In this matter I’m from Mizzoura;
you've got to show me. You've got to show me Cymus claviculus
Hahn, and Sphagisticus rufipes Stal; also Notonecta glauca Linné and
Emblethis arenarius Fieb.; Cimex (or Clinocoris) hirundinis Jenyns
and pipistrelli Jenyns; Ischnorhynchus resedae Panz., all to be taken
within the borders of the United States. They gravely appear in our
latest “Catalogue of the Nearctic Hemiptera Heteroptera,” so I would
much like to see them. Like Mrs. Harris, I think “there ain’t no sich
persons.” Now I repudiate them and all their works. In my opinion
they have never been taken and in all likelihood never will be taken
in this country. Therefore, they have no legitimate place in our Cata-
logues, and our catalogue makers should expurge them from the
record.—J. R. p—E LA Torre Bueno, White Plains, New York.

A Spider Swathing Mice (Aran.).

[The following letter by a non-entomologist seems of sufficient in-
terest and value to warrant its publication in the News.—A. N. Cau-
DELL. ]

“An unusual thing and one that will be doubted by many occurred
at my home near Upper Marlboro, Maryland, a few days ago. A
member of the family was attracted by a slight noise and upon investi-
gating found under the sideboard a young mouse making frantic
efforts to free itself from invisible bonds. It resulted that a spider,
scarcely larger than a black ant, had caught the mouse and was per-
forming an engineering feat that was truly interesting. This was the
task of lifting the mouse from the floor to the bottom of the side-
board, a distance of about eight inches. The rodent kicked almost
constantly during the operation, which lasted a little over three hours.
The webs were then wiped away and to our surprise a second young
mouse, dead and completely swathed in web, was found.”—(Signed)
Guy Craccet, Keokuk Farm, Upper Marlboro, Md.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 231

Summer Work on Lake Erie.

The Lake Laboratory of the Ohio State University at Cedar Point,
near Sandusky, Ohio, will be open to investigators free of charge
from June 22 to Sept. 1, and for instruction (fee) from June 22 to
July 31, 1914. The courses of study include one on Entomology by
Mr. W. J. Kostir.

Do House Flies Hibernate? (Dip.).

Mr. E. E. Austen, in the Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, for
February, 1914, page 30, under the above title calls attention to Dr.
Henry Skinner’s article under same title which appeared in the News
for July, 1913, page 304. Mr. Austen states that Dr. Skinner’s asser-
tion, “House flies pass the winter in the pupal stage and in no other
way,” is directly at variance with the results obtained in England by
both Newstead and Jepson. However, he further says that in the
recent investigations along this line by the Local Government Board,
no house flies were found among those hibernating. To further inves-
tigation along such lines he makes an appeal to the readers of that
journal to send collections of hibernating flies, accompanied with proper
data, to the Local Government Board for determination. It will be
interesting to learn the results of such a campaign.

Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.

Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy-Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published, and are all
dated the current year unless otherwise noted, always excepting those
appearing in the January and February issues of the News, which are
generally dated the year previous.

All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.

The records of systematic papers are all grouped at the end of each
Order of which they treat, and are separated from the rest by a dash.

For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington.

2—Transactions, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia.
4—The Canadian Entomologist. 6—Journal, New York Entomo-
logical Society. 7—U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Entomology, Washington. 8—The Entomologist’s Monthly Mag-
azine, London. 9—The Entomologist, London. 11—Annals and
Magazine of Natural History, London. 12—Comptes Rendus,
L’Academie des Sciences, Paris. 18—Comptes Rendus, Societe de

232 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

Biologie, Paris. 18—Ottawa Naturalist. 19—Horae Societatis En-
tomologiae Rossicae. 22—Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig. 28—
Archives d’Anatomie Microscopique Paris. 385—Annales, Societe
Entomologique de Belgique. 40—Societas Entomologica, Zurich.
49—Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Bu-
dapest. 50—Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum. 74—Na-
turwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Berlin. 79—-La Nature, Paris.
84—Entomologische Rundschau. 86—Annales, Societe Entomolo-
gique de France, Paris. 87—Bulletin, Societe Entomologique de
France, Paris. 89—Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Ana-
tomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, Jena. 92—Zeitschrift fur wissen-
schaftliche Insektenbiologie. 102—Proceedings of the Entomo-
logical Society of Washington. 116—Zoological Bulletin, Boston.
119—Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin. 166—Internationale En-
tomologische Zeitschrift, Guben. 173—Die Grossschmetterlinge
der Erde, Fauna Americana, von A. Seitz, Stuttgart. 177—Quar-
terly Journal of Microscopical Science, London. 184—Journal of
Experimental Zoology, Philadelphia. 186—Journal of Economic
Biology, London. 189—Journal of Entomology and Zoology,
Claremont, Calif. 191—Natur. Halbmonatschrift fur alle Natur-
freunde. 198—Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory,
Woods Hole. 216—Entomologische Zeitschrift, Frankfurt a. Main.
258—Mitteilungen, Zoologischen Museum in Berlin. 285—Nature-
Study Review, Ithaca, N. Y. 3868—The Monthly Bulletin of the
State Commission of Horticulture, Sacramento. 869—Entomolo-
gische Mitteilungen, Berlin-Dahlem. 411—Bulletin of the Brook-
lyn Entomological Society. 422—Coleopterologische Rundschau,
Wien. 462—The Butterfly Farmer, Truckee, Cal.

GENERAL SUBJECT. Dolleschall, H.—Was uns _ die
eichen bieten, 216, xxvii, 297-8. Doncaster, L.— Chromo-
somes, heredity and sex: a review of the present state of the
evidence with regard to the material basis of hereditary trans-
mission and sex determination, 177, lix, 487-522. Felt, E.
P.—Cryptic coloration, 6, xxi, 312. Guenther, K.—Eingeweide-
wurmer fleischfressender pflanzen, 191, v, 181-183. Hammar,
A. G.—Obituary notice, 102, xvi, 8; 179, vii, 155-7. Hollande,
A. C.—Les Cerodecytes ou “Oenocytes” des insectes consideres
ou point de vue biochimique, 28, xvi, 1-66. Kneidl, G.—Der ento-
mologe, 216, xxvii, 291-2. Kunze, R. E.—Troubles of early col-
lectors, 462, i, 116. Laven, L.—Auge und sehen der insekten, 191,
v, 229-32 (cont.). Newell, W—A simple and economical method
of filing entomological correspondence, 179, vii, 87-91. Olivier, E.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 233

—Obituary notice of, 8, 1914, 67. Parrott, P. J—The growth and
organization of applied entomology in the U. S., 179, vii, 50-64.
Patterson, A. J.—Some insect studies, 285, x, 108-13. Pierce &
Morrill—Notes on the entomology of the Arizona wild cotton, 102,
xvi, 14-23. Popenoe, E. A.—Obituary notice of, 179, vii, 155. Prell,
H.—Ueber einen fall von mimikry durch schutzstellung. 40, xxix,
21-2. Rudow, Dr.—Biologische, nicht nur systematische samm-
lung, 166, vii, 319-321 (cont.). Sladen, F. W. L.—Meeting of the
entomological branch of the Ottawa Field Naturalists’ Club, 18,
xxvil, 171-73. Stellwaag, F.—Neuere untersuchungen ueber den
farbensinn der insekten, 74, xiii, 161-64. Uhler, P. R.—Obituary
notice with list of his writings, 102, xvi, 1-7.

ARACHNIDA, ETC. Banks, N.—A new mite from Thurberia,
102, xvi, 44. Moles, M. L.—A n. sp. of pseudoscorpion from La-
guna Beach, California, 189, vi,. 41-4. Oudemans, A. C.—Acarolo-
gisches aus maulwurfsnestern, 119, 1913, A, 8, 108-200 (cont.).

APTERA AND NEUROPTERA. Hilton, W. A.—The central
ganglia of Xenylla, 189, vi, 38-41. Hood, J. D.—On the proper
generic names for certain Thysanoptera of economic importance,
102, xvi, 34-44. Howlett, F. M.—A trap for thrips, 186, ix, 21-23.
Schwermer, W.—Beiirage zur biologie und anatomie von Perla
marginata, 89, xxxvii, 287-312.

Bacon, G.—Neanura gigantea in So. California, 189, vi, 45-47.
Borner, C.—Oncopodura, eine schuppentragende Isotomidae, 22,
xliii, 486-7. Cholodkovsky—Zur beurteilung der systematischen
stellung der Puliciden, 22, xliii, 555-58. Hogg, W.—The dragon fly
(Note), 462, i, 120-1. Navas, L.—New Neuroptera from the U. S.,
411, ix, 13-20. Stitz, H.—Mantispiden der sammlung des Ber-
liner Museum, 258, vii, 1-49. Welch, P. S.—The early stages of
the life history of Polystoechotes punctatus, 411, ix, 1-6.

ORTHOPTERA. Luvoni, A. B.—Notes on the metamorphosis
of Phasgonura viridissima, 9, 1914, 99-100. Merle, R.—Les insectes
cataleptiques, 79, xlii, 225-27.

Chopard, L.—Descriptions de Mantides Americains, 86, Ixxxii,
752-64. Walker, E. M.—A n. sp. of O. forming a new genus and
family, 4, 1914, 93-9.

HEMIPTERA. Girault, A. A.—Preliminary studies on the biol-
ogy of the bed-bug (Cimex lectularius), 186, ix, 27-45. Glasgow,
H.—The gastric caeca and the caecal bacteria of the Heteroptera,
198, xxvi, 101-170.

234 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 714 .

Bergroth, E.—Notes on some genera of Heteroptera, 35, lviii,
23-8. Cockerell, T. D. A—A new cotton scale from Panama, 179,
vii, 148. Crawford, D. L.—A contribution toward a monograph of
the Homopterous insects of the family Delphacidae from No. and
So. America, 50, Ixvi, 557-640. Davidson, W. M.—Plant-louse
notes from California, 179, vii, 127-136. Essig, E. O.—The mealy
bugs of California, 368, ili, 97-143. King, G. B—Kermes lindingeri
n. sp., 84, xxxi, 34. A new species of Kermes from Connecticut,
179, vii, 150-1. A historical kermes (new species), 189, vi, 48-9.
Parker, J. R.—The life history of the sugar-beet root-louse (Pem-
phigus betae), 179, vii, 136-141. Sulc, K.—Zur kenntnis einiger
Psylla arten aus dem Ungarischen National-Museum in Budapest,
49, xi, 409-35. Vuillet, A—Sur la presence de l’Aphis maidis Fitch
en Afrique occidentale, 87, 1914, 116-7.

LEPIDOPTERA. Stephan, J—Das erwachen der schmetter-
lingswelt im fruhlinge, 191, 1914, 258-260 (cont.). Webster, F. M.
—Another migration of Anosia plexippus, 4, 1914, 100. Winn, A.
F.—A protected butterfly, 4, 1914, 109.

Busck, A.—Two Micro-L. on Thurberia thespesioides, 102, xvi,
30-1. Davis, W. T.—Coscinoptera dominicana. Prionapteryx ne-
bulifera, 6, xxi, 311, 313. Harrison, J. W. H.—The genus Poeci-
lopsis, 9, 1914, 92-4. Jordan, K.—Zygaenidae, 173, Lief. 57, 21-31.
Pearsall, R. F.—Short studies in Geometridae: No. 2, 411, ix, 21-3.
Michael, O.—Die Papilios des Amazonasgebietes, 216, xxvii, 304-5
(cont.). Strand, E.—Zur kenntnis der neotropischen Noctuiden-
gattung Eugraphia. Neue aberrationen der Noctuiden-subfamilie
Catocalinae, 119, 1913, A, 8, 62-63, 63-77.

DIPTERA. Edwards, F. W.—A remarkable case of venational
teratology in D., 8, 1914, 59. Fabre, J. H.—The life of the fly;
with which are interspersed some chapters of autobiography.
Translated from the French. New York, Dodd, Mead & Co., 1913.
477 pp. Guyenot, E—Etudes biologiques sur “une mouche Droso-
phila ampelophila. Necessite de realiser un milieu nutritif defini,
13, Ixxvi, 483-85. Haines, F. H—Do house flies hibernate? 8, 1914,
60-1. Lucet, A—Recherches sur l’evolution de Hypoderma bovis
(de Geer) et les moyens de le detruire, 12, 1914, 812-14. Richard-
son, N. M.—A humble-bee attacked by a diptron, 8, 1914, 93-4.
Whiting, P. W.—Observations on blow-flies; duration of the pre-
pupal stage and color determination, 198, xxvi, 184-94.

flies. 1. The genus Eriocera, 189, vi, 12-37. Cockerell, T. D. A.

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 235

—Three D. from the Miocene of Colorado, 4, 1914, 101-2. Ender-
lein, G.—Zur kenntnis der Stratiomyiiden mit 3-astiger Media and
ihre gruppierung ... (subfamilien: Geosarginae, Analcocerinae,
Stratiomyiinae), 22, xliii, 577-615. Felt, E. P—Acaroletes pseudo-
cocci n. sp., 179, vii, 148-9. Hendel, F.—Namensanderungen (Ald-
richiomyza for Aldrichiella, Haplomyza for Antineura), 369, iii,
73. Malloch, J. R.—Costa Rican Diptera. Paper I. A partial
report on the Borboridae, Phoridae and Agromyzidae, 2, xl, 1-36.
Some undescribed No. Am. Sapromyzidae, 161, xxvii, 29-42. Me-
lander, A. L.—A synopsis of the dipterous groups Agromyzinae,
Milichiinae, Ochthiphilinae and Geomyzinae, 6, xxi, 283-300. Town-
send, C. H. T.—Notes on Exoristidae and allies, 6, xxi, 301-305.
Tilbury, M. R.—Notes on the feeding and rearing of the midge.
Chironomus cayugae, 6, xxi, 305-8. Walton, W. R—A new tach-
inid parasite of Diabrotica vittata, 102, xvi, 11-14.

COLEOPTERA. Barber, H. S.—On interspecific mating in
Phengodes and inbreeding in Eros, 102, xvi, 32-4. Bretschneider,
F.—Ueber die gehirne des goldkafer und des lederlaufkafers, 22,
xliii, 490-97. Dow, R. P.—The early French Coleopterists, 411, ix,
6-13. Stellwaag, F.—Ueber den flugapparat der Lamellicornier,
22, xliii, 558-60. Walsh, G. B.—A note on deformed antennae in
certain beetles, 8, 1914, 62-3.

Coad & Pierce—Studies of the Arizona Thurberia weevil, of
cotton in Texas, 102, xvi, 23-27. Davis, W. T.—Calosoma frigi-
dum and willcoxi at Wading River, L. I., 411, ix, 23-4. Fruhstor-
fer, H.—Eine neue Agrias-rasse aus Brasilien, 84, xxxi, 30. Graf,
j. Lpeaay § preliminary report on the sugar-beet wireworm (Limo-
nius Californicus), 7, Bul. No. 123. Harris, E. D.—Cicindela longi-
labris, 6, xxi, 31. Hyslop, J. Aw—Description of a n. sp. of Corym-
bites from the Sonoran zone of Washington State, 161, xxvii, 69-70.
Leng, C. W.—Chlaenius leucoscelis. Lophoglossus. Ochthebius
attritus. Ceutorrhynchus hamiltoni. Cicindela blanda, 6, xxi,
311-12. Nelolitsky, F—Dr. J. Mullers monographie der blinden
Trechusarten, 422, 1914, 28-33 (cont.). Schaeffer, C.—Notes on
some No. American species of Rhizophagus, 6, xxi, 309-11. Smith,
R. J.—Cychrus ventricosus (Note), 462, i, 119-120. Wagner, H.—
Beitrag zur kenntnis der Apion-Fauna Zentral- und Sud Amerikas.
Beschreibungen neuer arten, 119, 1913, A, 9, 137-64.

HYMENOPTERA. MclIndoo, N. E.—The olfactory sense of
the honey bee, 184, xvi, 265-346. Malysher, S.—Life and instincts
of some Ceratina-bees (Russian), 19, xl, No. 8, 58 pp.

236 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

Cockerell, T. D. A.—Descriptions and records of bees.——LVII.
(Table to some species of Tetralonia), 11, xiii, 272-286. Bees vis-
iting Thurberia, 102, xvi, 31-2. Crawford, J. C—Two new parasitic
H. from Arizona, 102, xvi, 29. Emery, C.—Cephalotes et Crypto-
cerus. Le type du genre Cremaloaster, 35, lviii, 37-9. Girault, A.
A.—Hosts of insect eggparasites in Europe, Asia, Africa and Aus-
tralasia, with a supplementary American list, 92, x, 87-91 (cont.),
MacGillivray, A. D.—New genera and sp. of Tenthredinidae, 4,
1914, 103-108 (cont.). Newell, W.—A natural enemy of the Argen-
tine ant, 179, vii, 147. Ruzsky, M.—Myrmekologische notizen, 119,
1913, A, 9, 58-63.

GENERA INSECTORUM, dirigés par P. Wytsman.—This excellent work
is indispensable to the thorough systematist. The first part, or fasci-
cule, appeared in 1902, and as will be observed by the following list
of recent issues, 153 parts have already been published. Each part
treats of a separate family or subfamily and is by a competent au-
thority.

We take this opportunity to call our subscribers’ attention to the
recent issues as follows: Orthoptera: Mantidae, subfamily Perla-
mantinae, by E. Giglio-Tos, Fasc. 144, 13 pp., I pl., price 5.50 francs.
Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, subfam. Dinidorinae, by H. Schouteden,
Fasc. 153, 19 pp., 2 pls., 9.80 fr. Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, by E. Meyrick,
Fasc. 149, 81 pp., 5 pls., 31.20 fr. Diptera: Cecidomyidae, by J. J.
Kieffer, Fasc. 152, 346 pp., 15 pls., 114.20 fr.; Therevidae, by O. Kroeber,
Fasc. 148, 58 pp., 3 pls., 22.80 fr. Coleoptera: Carabidae, subfam.
Pentagonicinae, Peleciinae, Hexagoniinae, by P. Dupuis, Fasc. 145-147,
4, 5, 4 pp., one plate each, 3.80 fr., 4.00 fr., 3.80 fr.; Scarabaeidae,
subfam. Aegialiinae, Chironinae, Dynamopinae, Hyposorinae, Idiosto-
minae, Ochodaeinae, Orphninae, by A. Schmidt, Fasc. 150, 87 pp.,
3 pls., 26.40 fr. Hymenoptera: Chrysididae, by H. Bischoff, Fasc. 151,
86 pp) Supiss 32-20 str:

These may be procured separately, as can also the previous issues,
from M. P. Wytsman, Quatre-Bras, Tervueren, Belgium.

EVoLUTION OF THE CoLoR PATTERN IN THE MICROLEPIDOPTEROUS GENUS
LitrHocoLtteTis. By Annette Frances Braun. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila. (2), xvi, pp. 105-168. 26 text figs. Pls. III and IV with 99
colored figures. Febr. 12, 1914.—From a study of the development of
the pupal wings of eleven species of Lithocolletis and a comparison
of the color pattern in adults of 95 species of this genus and its imme-
diate allies, Porphyrosela and Cremastobombycia, Miss Braun (well
known to readers of American entomological journals for her work
on our Microlepidoptera) reaches the conclusion that “the primitive
color pattern is a series of seven uniformly colored pale, yellow trans-

Vol. xxv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 237

verse bands, separated from one another by unpigmented areas.

These bands, either in their primitive or modified shape, constitute the
‘ground color. Upon this ground color a second darker series of ele-
ments, the markings proper, also usually transverse, are superimposed.”
The two plates present the wings of the species studied arranged in
the form of a phylogenetic tree, the branches and twigs of which indi-
cate the order of evolution of these markings as interpreted by our
author. Students of other Lepidoptera will be interested in the sug-
gestion, based on these results, that “the uniform yellowish ground
color which suffuses the wing in the higher Lepidoptera, beginning at
the base and spreading distalward, is the outcome of a phylogenetically
older type of marking, originally banded, and later fused to a uniform

color, and that the markings are a second series superimposed upon
the first.”

Doings of Societies.
FELDMAN COLLECTING SOCIAL.

Meeting of December 17, 1913, at the home of H. W. Wen-
zel, 5614 Stewart Street, Philadelphia. Twelve members were
present. Vice-President Wenzel in the chair.

Mr. Harbeck said he had caught Cicindela rugifrons Dej.
(Col.) at Manahawkin, New Jersey, September 1, 1913, Sep-
tember 3, 1911, and September 5, 1909, both from the pine
district and near the meadows. Those from the latter are
much darker, one being almost violet; he was wondering if
this would be constant. Some one remarked that on several
occasions he had found Cicindela very slow in flying, and
Mr. Harbeck said he had caught C. purpurea Oliv. by picking
it up with the hand. Mr. George M. Greene said the first speci-
men he had collected in northern New Jersey of var. limbalis
K1., Howell’s pond, April 27, r901, he had caught in this man-
ner. .

Mr. J. W. Green exhibited a short winged Longicorn, Necy-
dalis mellitus Say from Pocono Lake, Pa., August I, 1910,
also a box containing mostly weevils which he collected in
Davis Mountains, Chisos Mountains and a few other Texan
localities in July.

Mr. Kaeber exhibited specimens of Tillomorpha geminata
Hald. (Col.) from Woodbury, New Jersey, May 13, 1906, and

238 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 714

remarked that, though the New Jersey List states they breed
in sumac, he had cut these from oak.
A vote of thanks was tendered Mr. Wenzel, Jr., for the
manner in which he entertained us at the November meeting.
Adjourned to the annex.

Meeting of January 21, 1914, at the home of H. W. Wenzel,
5614 Stewart St., Philadelphia. Twelve members were pres-
ent, Mr. William T. Davis, of Staten Island, New York, visi-
tor; President Haimbach in the chair.

The following officers were elected to serve for the year .
1914: President, H. A. Wenzel; Vice-President, W. S. Hunt-
ington; Treasurer, H. W. Wenzel; Secretary, George M.
Greene; Assistant Secretary, J. W. Green.

The resignation of Mr. C. Few Seiss was read and accepted.

Mr. Davis exhibited a box of insects and pointed out the
following to the members as interesting: A species of grass-
hopper, Conocephaloides (Orth.) from Cape May County,
New Jersey, August 16, 25, 1912, which, though more slender
than the typical crepitans Scudd. from the Middle West, he
decided to place in that species; a roach Leucophaea surina-
mensis Linn. (Orth.), which he collected in the turtle pen of
the reptile house at the Bronx Zoo, New York, January 12,
1914; an Odonate, Enallagma recurvatum Davis, Lakehurst,
New Jersey, June 28, 1913, and a species of Coleoptera from
South Bay, Lake Okeechobee, Florida, May 1, 1912, Dorcasta
perhaps new.

Dr. Skinner said he expects shortly to take a collecting trip
to that part of Cuba least known entomologically.

Mr. Daecke exhibited a specimen of Cicindela harristi Leng
(Col.) from Carlisle Junction (near Harrisburg), Pennsyl-
vania, July 9, 1912, and a box of Diptera collected by Mr.
Laurent, in which was a specimen of Xylomyia americana
Wied., Mt. Airy, Pennsylvania, July 14.

Mr. Wenzel mentioned Col. Casey’s latest paper on Omus
and two by Dr. W. Horn in Deutsche Entomologische Mit-
theilungen on the same genus, and exhibited the species de-
scribed. Exhibited also a specimen of Chrysobothris quadn-

Wiel. x
ol. xxv| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 239

lineata LeC. (Col.) from Jemez Springs, New Mexico, col-
lected by Woodgate ; said that Horn mentioned in his paper of
only seeing three, two in the LeConte collection from New
Mexico aiid one in his own collection from Arizona.
Mr. Kaeber said he had gotten specimens of Melasis from
hickory at Essington, Pennsylvania, January 18, 1914.
Adjourned to the annex.

Meeting of February 18, 1914, at the home of H. W. Wen-
zel, 5614 Stewart Street, Philadelphia. Ten members were pres-
ent; Mr. Unruh, of this city, visitor; President Wenzel in the
chair.

The Secretary read a letter from Mr. C. W. Johnson, of
Boston, Massachusetts, in which he calls attention to the Sep-
tember, 1913, minutes of the Social published in the News for
February, 1914, page 89, where they read: “Mr. Harbeck ex-
hibited a specimen of Chloromyia with abnormal center legs ;”
Mr. Johnson says this is undoubtedly inaequipes Bigot, and is
‘the normal condition of the male.

Mr. George M. Greene exhibited two pairs of the Egyptian
Sacred Beetle, Ateuchus sacer Linn.

Mr. Laurent showed some plates from an old German paper
on Lepidoptera, 1829-1839, which were well drawn and
colored, but with the terms considerably mixed; also made
some remarks concerning lists of “Coleoptera of America
north of Mexico,” published from 1853 to 1895; discussed by
the members.

Mr. Harbeck reported a freshly emerged specimen of Rhy-
phus alternatus Say (Dip.) found on a curtain February 1o.
Exhibited a specimen of Eurosta from South Meriden, Con-
necticut, collected by Harry Johnson, which he thought was
not comma. Wied., and Mr. Daecke identified it as his own
species elsa.

Mr. Wenzel exhibited two live specimens of the rare Elater
discoideus Fabr., which he had cut from a log just above the
house February 7. ,

Adjourned to the annex.—GeorcE M. GREENE, Secretary.

240 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’14

Tuer Entomorocicat, Society oF FRANCE.

The Bulletin of the Society for its meeting of January 14, 1914, con-
taining the brief addresses of its retiring (J. Sainte-Claire Deville) and
incoming (C. Alluaud) presidents, affords some interesting glimpses of
the progress and life of this, the oldest of existing entomological soci-
eties. The membership has increased as follows: 1832, 98 members;
in 1842, 183; 1852, 192;: 1862, 323; 1872, 368; 1882, 373; 1802, 431;
1902, 484; 1912, 522. During 1913 the funds of the Society were in-
creased by about 7000 francs, while at this January meeting a bequest
of 25,000 francs from Dr. Henri Marmottan, a member, who died
January 6, 1914, was announced. M. Alluaud in the course of his
remarks said: “Gentlemen, I am certainly not the only one to have
remarked that our meetings in general lack a little in animation. The
reading of the minutes of the preceding meeting . . . does not
suffice to give attraction to our gatherings. It ought not to constitute
the principal and sometimes, alas, the only subject of the ,session.”
He called for more frequent remarks under the rubric “Captures and
Observations,” notices of the chief and most interesting additions to
the library and a renewal of the former custom of an annual excursion
into the country.

OBITUARY.

ERNEST OLIVIER.

At the meeting of the Entomological Society of France, on
January 28, 1914, the President announced the death of Ernest
Olivier at Moulins, on January 26, at the age of 70 years. He
had been a member of the society since 1873, was for many
years editor of the Revue Scientifique du Bourbonnais and
had especially devoted himself to the study of the fire-flies
(Lampyridae). He took part in the Second International Con-
gress of Entomology at Oxford in August, 1912, where he
presided at one of, the sectional meetings.

E. A. Popenoe. A. G. HAMMAR.

The Journal of Economic Entomology for February, 1914,
contains brief biographical sketches of Edwin Alonzo Popenoe
(July 1, 1855-November, 1913), for many years professor of
entomology at the Kansas State Agricultural College at Man-
hattan, Kan., and of Alfred Gottlieb Hammar (May 19, 1880-
October 15, 1913), at the time of his accidental death an as-
sistant in the U. S. Bureau of Entomology. It will be recalled
that resolutions from Cornell University on the death of Mr.
Hammar were published in the News for December last, page
480.

EXCHANGES.

Not Exceeding Three Lines Free to Subscribers.

4as=~ These notices are continued as long as our limited space. will allow; the new
ones are added at the end of the column, and only when necessary those at the top
(being longest in) are discontinued

Lepidoptera—Prime specimens of butterflies from this section (either
spread or papered) in exchange for other North American species new
to my collection.—R. A. Leussler, 1137 So. 31st St., Omaha, Neb.

Wanted for Cash—Fertile eggs of Attacus atlas, Attacus edwardsii
in season or for exchange for Actias mimosae, Antheraea pernyi and
other exotic and native eggs.—A. J. Potter, East Killingly, Conn.

I have for exchange live pupae of Ph. achemon, H. aurora, P. sexta,
P. asterias, P. quinquemaculata, T. polyphemus, E. tityrus, chersis and
A. octomaculata, also lot of dupls. in papers from Europe. Wish pupae
from Arizona, California or Mexico.—J. N. Lang, 1433 So.. 59th Avenue,
scicero,. Ill: \-

Urania riffius—Most beautiful exotic to exchange for other exotics or
rare Catocolas of North America.—Jos. H. Reading, 1436 N. Rockwell
St., Chicago, Ill.

Coccidae—California Coccidae exchanged for specimens from all parts
of the world.—E. O. Essig, Secretary State Commission of Horticulture,
Sacramento, Cal.

Wanted—Geometridae from the Southern, Middle and Western
States. Offer in exchange liberal numbers of Texan Lepidoptera.—Dr.
F. W. Russell, 4119 Cedar Springs Road, Dallas, Texas.

Wanted—Insect Life, Vol. V, No. 5, and Bibliography of American
Economic Entomology, No. 4. Write offer.—Geo. M. Greene, 1303 N.
54th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Miss Sarah Maul, 14 Channing St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Col-
lector and breeder of Lepidoptera. Purchasers wanted.

The undersigned will greatly appreciate receiving records of New
Jersey species not listed in Smith’s Insects of New Jersey.—Harry B.
Weiss, 272 Hale St., New Brunswick, N. J.

N. A. Coleoptera for Exchange—My list of over one thousand spe-
cies of N. A. Coleoptera is now ready. If you wish to exchange,
answer by sending me your list of what you have to offer.—Philip Lau-
rent, 31 East Mt. Airy Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

I offer for exchange a few perfect, bred specimens of Vanessa goner-
ila in papers. Desire many common North American species of Lepi-
doptera, both Macro and Micro.—Fred Marloff, Box 104 Oak Station P.O.,
Allegheny Co., Pa.

Specialists—[ will collect for cash any order of insects during the
coming season in this vicinity. Flat rates given.—Harry Johnson, South
Meriden, Conn.

For Exchange—Volumes VII to XII Entomological News for other
entomological publications or for Lepidoptera.—Alex. Kwiat, 2055 Pen-
sacola Ave., Chicago, III.

Photographs of Entomologists Desired.

The Entomological Section of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural
Sciences desires for its entomological album the photograph of every
entomological student. The collection contains over 300 at this date.
A list was published in the News 1902, pages 45-47, of those in the
album at that time. We hope that those who can do so will write their
names and date of birth and the date when the photograph was taken
on the back of each photo, along with any other information concern-
ing themselves they may wish to impart.

NEW JERSEY ENTOMOLOGICAL COMPANY

HERMAN H. BREHME, Manager

Dealers in Insects of all Orders. Lepidoptera, Cocoons and Pupae. Life
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Duplicates always on hand for sale.

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THE BUTTERFLY FARMER

A monthly magazine for amateur entomolo-
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XIMENA McGLASHAN

Publisher and Proprietor
TRUCKEE, CALIFORNIA

EXOTIC LEPIDOPTERA

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When Writing Please Mention ‘Entomological News.’’

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