> BRANCH - ne See OLOGICAL SOCIETY REE NOVEMBER, 1911. > Or oS raRto & Medical Wie eo Sate } Serials 2a ee ff Wot. OCX TT. No. 9. Major John Eatton Le Conte, 1784-1860. PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor. E. T. CRESSON, Jr., Associate Editor. : HENRY SKINNER, M. D., Editor Emeritus. ADVISORY COMMITTEE: HZZRA T. CRESSON. ERICH DAECKE, J; A. G. REHN. PHILIP LAURENT. WILLIAM J. FOX. H. W. WENZEL. PHILADELPHIA: ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF THe ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, LOGAN SQUARE. Entered at the Philadelphia Post-Ofice as Second-Class Matter. 4 phate? Nhas, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Published monthly, excepting August and September, in charge of the Entome- logical Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and the American Entomological Society. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, $2.00 IN ADVANCE. 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Along with the entomological collection there goes (as a gift) over twelve hundred specimens of skins and mounted birds from North America. For further particulars, address ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Academy of Natural Sciences LOGAN SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. PSY CHE An illustrated journal of Entomology, published by the Cambridge Entomological Club Appears bimonthly and contains articles dealing with all aspects of entomology Sample copy on request Subscription Price One Dollar and a half per year Address Bussey Institution, Harvard Univ., Forest Hills, Boston, Mass. - PHOTOGRAPHING for ENTOMOLOGISTS Every facility for photographing insects from whole to smallest parts. Plates 4x5, 5x7, or 64x84. From any insect or well-made microscopical mount Photographs for half-tones for your monograph, for record books or exhibition transparencies. EDWARD F. BIGELOW, PH.D. LABORATORY AND GALLERY, ARCADIA, SOUND BEACH, CONNECTICUT Write for terms and particulars. Send roc. for a copy of ‘‘The Guide to Nature” (popular nature magazine). THE ‘“‘ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE’’—a journal devoted to general Entomology, started in 1864, and now edited by G. C. Champion, J. E. Collin, W. W. Fowler, R. W. Lloyd, G. T. Porritt, J. J. Walker and Lord Walsingham. It contains descriptions of new genera and species, in all Orders (British and foreign), life histories, reviews of new works, etc., and is illustrated by at least two chromo-lithographic plates perannum. Vol. xlvii (xxii of the second series) was commenced in January, 1911. The subscription for the 12 numbers is six shillings per annum, post free. Address the publishers, GURNEY & JACKSQN, Paternoster Row, London, E. C. Advertisements are inserted at low rates: for terms, apply to R. W. Lloyd, I, 5, Albany, London. W. When Writing Please Mention ‘‘ Entomological News.” \ N Plate XIII. Ent. NEws, VOL. XXII. ASPIDIOTUS TSUGAE—marLatt. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. VoL. XXII. NOVEMBER, rog!Ilt. No. 8. CONTENTS: Marlatt—A Newly-imported Scale-Pest dwelling Larva of Mecistogaster on Japanese Hemlock (Rhynch.).. 385 MGGESENS 2 atte ofa sea = £6 SaaS AS 402 Sherman and Brimley—Orthoptera of Skinner—New Species or Sub-species ING EHMICALONTIA ons seas sccics cs’ 387 of N. American Butterflies (Lepid.) 412 Needham—Notes on some Nymphs of Skinner—Adelpha (Heterochroa) bre- Gomphinae (Order Odonata) of dowi and californica (Lepid.) -..- 414 the Hagen Collection.............. 392 Bergroth—On two species of the Bery- Wolley Dod—Notes on Nephelodes tid genus Capyella Bredd. (Rhyn.) 416 (Siren. (vag) shoe essere Geese 397 Baitorial oases eae cee cee eens ae 417 Calvert—Studies on Costa Rican Odo- Waotes andi NG WS sn -aee aa slsncaiaen as 418 nata. II—The habits of the Plant- Entomological Literature ............. 423 A Newly-Imported Scale-Pest on Japanese Hem- lock (Rhynch.). By C. L, Marrart, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Dept. of Ag- riculture, Washington, D. C. (Plate XIII.) Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) tsugae n. sp. Scale of female—Diameter, 1 1-3 mm.; circular, strongly convex, dark brown, rather pointed or nippled at center; central area usually covered by secretion, when rubbed a light resinous yellow. Scale of male—The normal oval shape, much smaller than female, secretion covering center or nipple, somewhat ashen, forming a light central spot. Adult female—Oval; .85 mm. long, .68 mm. broad, in general hya- line as mounted in balsam; anal plate broad, rounded, .34 mm. broad at extreme base, and .18 mm. long, nearly hyaline except the para- physes; two pairs of short and rounded lobes, latter condition probably due to wear (newly molted adult individuals will probably exhibit the usual lateral shoulders) ; beyond the second lateral incision a promi- nent serrated projection having three or more distinct minute teeth; edge of pygidium beyond this projection unbroken; incisions median and lateral scarcely below the general level of the edge of the pygid- ium; paraphyses very prominent and robust, pear-shaped, two promi- nent ones at the base of each lobe, most of them fully lobe length, and another below the second lateral incision; also a few smaller para- 385 386 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 physes in the lobular area; plates broad, branched at tip, equaling the lobes in length, two median, two in first lateral incision and three in second lateral incision; spines short, inconspicuous; anal opening large, oval, in longest diameter more than twice lobe length, less than twice its own length from apex; paragenitals, counting from the anterior group, 2-4, 5-7, 4-5, not massed, no parastigmal pores; dorsal pores large, narrow, those easily seen are row of three extending from sec- ond lateral incision, somewhat double row or group of from five to seven at about the middle point of the side of the pygidium, and a group of seven or eight at the basal or anterior lateral angle of the pygidium; the actual number of pores is greater, as shown by the presence of the internal secretory organs, namely, median one, first incision 3, second incision 5, the laterals 6-8 and anterior angle 8; basa! thickenings not prominent, obscure; ventral thickenings normal and not much developed. Type—Bureau of Entomology, No. 14,185. On Japanese hemlock (Tsuga sp.), received from Dr. J. B. Smith, March 11, 1910, who collected it in the course of his quarantine work from stock imported from Japan. From the specimens submitted, the plant is apparently heavi- ly infested, chiefly on the underside of the leaflets. The condi- tion indicates a scale pest capable of doing much damage. This scale insect is a good example of the difficulties met with in attempting to subdivide the old and unwieldy genus Aspi- diotus into subgenera. The character of the lobes, the promi- nent serrated, or toothed, projection laterad of the lobes, and large anal opening remind one very much of the species of As- pidiotus (s. str.) which infest pines. It comes, in fact, very close to the Chinese species described by the writer as Aspidio- tus meyeri. The strong development, however, of the para- physes is a feature found in none of the pine species referred to, and allies it with the genus (or subgenus) Diaspidiotus. The paraphyses seems to be a fairly definite and prominent character in Diaspidiotus and most of the genera or subgenera erected from the old genus Aspidiotus. In the case of Aspidiotus (s. str.), the paraphyses are reduced to mere points, or are prac- tically wanting, but all gradations between this condition and well developed paraphyses are found, indicating plainly the en- tire artificiality of classification based on this character. In Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 387 this instance we have a species which is evidently closely related to other pine species, perhaps even being a mere variety, but on this character would fall in a different subgenus. The absence of plates laterad of the serrated lobe may be due simply to age and wear, as is undoubtedly also the short and rounded condi- tion of the two median pairs of lobes. The differences, how- ever, in the plates, lobes, lateral serrated projection, and espe- cially in the paraphyses, warrant, in connection with the differ- ence in habitat, assigning a new name to this form. Orthoptera of North Carolina. By F. SHERMAN, JR., and C. S. BRiMtey, Raleigh, N. C. The following list includes some records of Orthoptera, known by the authors to occur in North Carolina. When sufficient data are available to ascertain distribution this is in- dicated by such terms as “whole state,” “mountains,” “eastern section,” etc. Where we have only a few scattered records, the localities are specified. We have not included dates of capture, but can supply them to interested persons on re- quest. In addition to the authors, persons who have made ma- terial contributions to our knowledge of the Orthoptera of the state are: Professor A. P. Morse, Wellesley College, Mass. ; Mr. G. M. Bentley, Knoxville, Tenn., and Mr. R. S. Woglum, of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology,—the last two having both been engaged in entomological work in this state in for- mer years; and Messrs. Rehn and Hebard, of Philadelphia.* We have arranged the families in the usual recognized se- quence, the genera alphabetically in each family, and the Species alphabetically in each genus. The paper is compiled from the card catalogue of the Di- vision of Entomology, N. C. State Department of Agriculture, at Raleigh. * At the time this article was written, the authors had not seen Messrs. Rehn and Hebard’s very valuable article on the Orthoptera of North Carolina, entitled “Preliminary Studies of North Carolina Or- thoptera” (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Nov. 1910), and hence have omitted a number of species included by these gentlemen. 388 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 FAMILY FOoRFICULIDAE. Anisolabis azteca Dohrn; whole State. Labia burgessi Scudder; Raleigh, Boardman. Labia minor Linn; Raleigh, Newton. Labidura riparia Pallas; Raleigh. Spongophora brunneipennis Serv.; Raleigh, Cape Hatteras. FAMILY BLATTIDAE. Blatta orientalis Linn; Raleigh, LaGrange. Blattella germanica Linn; Raleigh. Ceratinoptera lutea S. & Z.; Raleigh Havelock. Cryptocercus punctulatus Scudder; Mountain region. Ischnoptera bolliana S. & Z.; Raleigh. Ischnoptera couloniana Sauss.; Raleigh, Southern Pines. Ischnoptera deropeltiformis Brun.; Raleigh, Blantyre. Ischnoptera divisa S. & Z.; Eastern section. Ischnoptera johnsoni Rehn; Raleigh, Andrews. Ischnoptera uhleriana Sauss.; Whole State. Periplaneta americana Linn; Raleigh, Washington. FAMILY MANTIDAE. Stagmomantis carolina Linn.; Raleigh, Greensboro, Southern Pines. j FAMILY PHASMIDAE. Diapheromera femorata Say; Raleigh, Southern Pines. FAMILY ACRIDIDAE. Acrydium granulatum Kirby; Mountains. Acrydium hancocki Morse; Mountains. Acrydium obscurum Hanck; Whole State. Acrydium ornatum Say; Salisbury to Mountains. Amblytropidia occidentalis Sauss.; Eastern section. Arnilia chlorizans Walker; Lake Ellis. Arphia sulphurea Fabr.; Whole State. Arphia xanthoptera Germ.; Whole State. Clinocephalus elegans Morse; Beaufort. Clinocephalus pulcher Rehn and Hebard; Southport. Chloealtis conspersa Harris; Mountains. Chorthippus curtipennis Harris; Mountains. Chortophaga viridifasciata DeG.; Whole State. Dictyophorus reticulatus Thunb.; Cabarrus County. Dissosteira carolina L.; Whole State. Dichromorpha viridis Scudd.; Central section. Encoptolophus sordidus Burm.; Mountains. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 389 Eritettix simplex Scudd.; Hendersonville, Raleigh, Southern Pines. Hippiscus apiculatus Harris; Mountains. Hippiscus phoenicopterus Germ.; Whole State. Hippiscus rugosus Scudd.; Whole State. Leptysma marginicollis Serv.; Eastern section. Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus Melanoplus amplectens Scudd.; Mountains. arboreus Scudd.; Southern Pines. atlanis Riley; Whole State. deceptus Morse; Mountains. decoratus Morse; Mountains. divergens Morse; Mountains. devius Morse; Mountains. femoratus Burm.; Raleigh to Mountains. femur-rubrum DeG.; Whole State. impudicus Scudd.; Mountains. keeleri Scudd.; Eastern section. luridus Dodge; Mountains. minor Scudd.; Eastern section. punctulatus Uhler; Raleigh, Blantyre. scudderi Uhler; Raleigh and westward. similis Morse; Mountains. strumosus Morse; Eastern section. sylvestris Morse; Mountains. tribulus Morse; Mountains. Mermiria alacris Scudd.; Southern Pines. Mermiria bivittata Serv.; Havelock. Mermiria intertexta Scudd.; Smith’s Island. Neotettix bolivari Hanc.; Whole State. Nomotettix compressus Morse; Whole State. Nomotettix cristatus Scudd.; Whole State. Orphulella pelidna Burm.; Whole State. Crphulella speciosa Scudd.; Linville. Paratettix cucullatus Burm.; Whole State. Paratettix mexicanus Sauss.; North Carolina. Paroxya floridana Thomas; Whole State. Paroxya scudderi Blatchley; Southern Pines. Podisma glacialis variegata Scudd.; Mountains. Psinidia fenestralis Serv.; Whole State. Schistocerca alutacea Harris; Eastern section. Schistocerca americana Drury; Whole State. Schistocerca damnifica Sauss.; Whole State. Schistocerca rubiginosa Scudd.; Southport, Southern Pines and Gra- ham County. 390 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1o1r Scirtetica picta Scudd.; Eastern section. Spharagemon collare wyomingianum H.; Eastern section. Spharagemon bolli Scudd.; Mountains east to Raleigh. Syrbula admirabilis Uhl.; Whole State. Tettigidea armata Morse; Boardman. Tettigidea lateralis Say.; Whole State. Tettigidea prorsa Scudd.; N. C. Trimerotropis citrina Scudd.; Whole State. Trimerotropis maritima Harris; Coast. Trimerotropis citrina X maritima; Southern Pines, Enfield. Truxalis brevicornis Linn.; Raleigh and westward. FAMILY TEYTICONIIDAE. Amblycorypha rotundifolia Scudder; Southern Pines, Blowing Rock and Waynesville. Amblycorypha oblongifolia DeG.; Eastern section. Amblycorypha uhleri Stal; Raleigh, Charlotte. Atlanticus dorsalis Burm.; Southern Pines, Andrews and Waynesville. Atlanticus pachymerus Burm.; Eastern section. Camptonotus carolinensis Gerst.; Raleigh. Ceuthophilus gracilipes Hald; Mountains. Ceuthophilus heros Scudd.; Blowing Rock. Ceuthophilus spinosus Scudd.; Southern Pines. Ceuthophilus tenebrarum Scudd.; Southern Pines, Andrews, Grand- father Mountain. Ceuthophilus uhleri Scudder; Raleigh. Conocephalus brevipennis Scudd; Raleigh, Beaufort. Conocephalus ensiferus Scudd.; Whole State. Conocephalus fasciatus DeG.; Whole State. Conocephalus saltans Scudd.; Raleigh, Hamlet, Southern Pines. Conocephalus strictus Scudd.; Raleigh. Cyrtophyllus perspicillatus L.; Raleigh and westward. Neoconocephalus atlanticus Brun.; Raleigh. Neoconocephalus bruneri Blatchley; Raleigh. Neoconocephalus crepitans Scudder; Raleigh. Neoconocephalus ensiger Harris; Blowing Rock. Neoconocephalus fuscostriatus Redt.; Raleigh, Pantego. Neoconocephalus hoplomachus Rehn and Hebard; Wilmington. Neoconocephalus mexicanus Sauss.; Raleigh, Smith’s Island. Neoconocephalus palustris Blatchley; Raleigh. Neoconocephalus robustus Scudder; Raleigh. Microcentrum rhombifolium Sauss; Central section. Microcentrum retinerve Riley; Stokes County. Vol. xxi] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Orchelimum agile DeG.; Mountains to Raleigh. Orchelimum glaberrimum Burm.; Raleigh. Orchelimum herbaceum Serv.; Smith’s Island. Orchelimum nigripes Scudd.; Raleigh. Orchelimum nitidum Redt.; Eastern half of State. Orchelimum volantum McNeill; Wilmington. Pyrgocorypha uncinata Harr.; Raleigh. Scudderia cuneata Morse; Raleigh, Highlands. Scudderia curvicauda DeG.; Raleigh and westward. Scudderia furcata Brunn.; Raleigh and westward. Scudderia texensis Sauss.; Raleigh and eastward. Symmetropleura modesta Brunn.; Raleigh, Southern Pines. FAMILY GRYLLIDAE. Anaxipha exigua Say.; Raleigh, Alamance County. Anurogryllus muticus DeG.; Eastern section. Cycloptilus americanus Sauss.; Raleigh and Alamance County. Cycloptilus squamosus Scudd.; Raleigh, Beaufort. Cyrtoxipha delicatula Scudd.; Raleigh and Granville County. Ellipes minuta Scudd.; Raleigh and Southern Mountains. Gryllotalpa borealis Burm.; Raleigh and westward. Gryllus abbreviatus Serv. Gryllus assimilis Fab.; Southeast. Gryllus firmus Scudd.; Goldsboro, Southern Pines. Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burm.; Whole State. Gryllus rubens Scudd.; Raleigh. Hapithus agitator Uhler; Raleigh. Miogryllus saussurei Scudd; Pantego, Hendersonville, Raleigh. Myrmecophila pergandei Bruner; Raleigh, Hendersonville. Nemobius canus Scudd.; Raleigh. Nemobius carolinus Scudd.; Raleigh westward. Nemobius confusus Blatchley; Raleigh. Nemobius cubensis Sauss.; Raleigh Nemobius fasciatus DeG.; Mountains. Nemobius fasciatus socius Scudd.; Raleigh eastward. Nemobius maculatus Blatch.; Raleigh, Jefferson. Oecanthus angustipennis Fitch; Raleigh westward. Oecanthus exclamationis Davis; Raleigh. Oecanthus latipennis Riley; Raleigh and westward. Oecanthus nigricornis Walker; Mountains, Raleigh. Oecanthus quadripunctatus Beut.; Whole State. Orocharis saltator Uhler; Raleigh, Southern Pines. 391 392 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Phylloscyrtus pulchellus Uhler; Waynesville, Raleigh and Granville County. Xabea bipunctata (DeG.); Blantyre. Summary,—Orthoptera of North Carolina. Bamily, Horictiidae sys. Ge leer rae 5 species Ramiuly, (Blattidae: ct. tae. coon ae ee Il species Family (Mantidaee« : 20) «2: pie ae ee I species Paniby wk Hastindae = 6 a eppeei. see pee I species Family, “ACtididdes 1.7 haste eee 69 species Family; Mettigomdae? oo .iat i anole, eee 40 species Pamiuly, Gry llidaeisae -hncy see en ee or 30 species Total’ 2vteeth acer coe 157 species Notes on some Nymphs of Gomphinae (Order Odonata) of the Hagen Collection. By JAmeEs G. NEEDHAM, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. (Plate XIV.) In 1904, while examining the dragonfly nymphs of the Hagen collection in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. I made some drawings and determinations of Gomphine nymphs which, upon Dr. Calvert’s invitation, I now publish herewith. The figures are all of the nymphal labia. Cabot’s excellent fig- ures of the nymphs of his first paper (Immature stages of the Odonata, part I, Subfamily Gomphina. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. II, No. 5, pp. 1-17, pls. I-III, 1872) are not sufficiently de- tailed as to labial structures to meet the descriptive needs of the present day. Hagen’s later descriptions (Monograph of the earlier stages of the Odonata. Subfamilies Gomphina and Cordulegastrina. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 12,, pp. 249- 291, 1885) were not accompanied by figures. Furthermore, it was a discovery of a later day that undetermined nymphs might be referred to their proper genera by comparison of the developing venation of the nymphal wing with the venation of the adult. Therefore, it is possible to add something to the Ent. NEws, VoL. XXII. Plate XIV. GOMPHINE NYMPHS—NEEDHawM. ee” ae esr AS >. * ' ‘ | i > @ ad - 2 J | a». ‘ z = } . : i: =, . bd ~ Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 393 knowledge left us by Cabot and Hagen by a re-examination of these interesting nymphs. The labial figures and descriptive notes offered herewith are to be considered as supplemental to Hagen’s monograph, above cited. Figure 1 is the labium of the nymph No. 1 of Cabot (1. c. Piet ie 2) and No. 29 of Hagen (1. c., p. 272). It bears the M. ©. Z. No. 443. It was at first referred doubtfully (Cabot l. c.) to Herpetogomphus, and later (Hagen 1. c.) to Epigom- phus. An examination of the venation of the developing wings reveals that it cannot belong to either of these genera, but it is probably a member of the not very homogeneous genus Gom- phoides Selys (recently renamed Negomphoides) by Muttkow- ski (Bull. Mus. Milwaukee, vol. 1, p. 81, 1910)... The triangle of the forewing is three-celled, and the subtriangle is four-cell- ed, there being two cells across the proximal end of it and two cells successively following, one triangular cell occupying its apex. The first and seventh antenodals are hypertrophied; ante-and post-nodals are 20 and 15, respectively. There is a strong bragee vein to the inner end of the stigma, followed by five cross veins behind the stigma. There are seven cross veins at the bridge, one at the subnodus, four before it and two beyond it. ; The labium of this nymph differs from that of Gomphoides stigmatus (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 687, pl. 43, fig. 1, 1904) in having a slightly longer end hook upon the lateral lobe of the labium, and in having at the front margin of the rounded middle lobe, hidden among the bases of the fringing flattened hairs, two minute brown denticles. Probably here as in the bet- ter known genus Gomphus, the presence or absence of such denticles is merely a matter of specific difference. Figure 2 is the labium of another species of Gomphoides, rep- resented in the collection by a fragment of a cast nymphal skin. I was not able to identify it with any of the better pre- served forms described by Hagen. The M. C. Z. number it bears is 436 and it bears the further label ‘““Tapajos River, Bra- zil, Thayer Expedition, 1885.” 394 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 The total length of the nymph would be about 23 mm.; the nine seg- ments of the abdomen remaining measure 14 mm., segment 10 and the appendages being missing. The fore and middle legs are equi-distant at the base, the tibie are without burrowing hooks, the wing cases reach posteriorly to the middle of the fourth abdominal segment, there are sharp thorn-like lateral spines on abdominal segments 5-9, slightly increasing in length posteriorly, those of the 9th segment being about one-eighth as long as the body of that segment. There are dorsal hooks on segments 3-9, slightly diminishing in size posteriorly and becoming declined at their tips. The head is crushed and broken. The labium of this species lacks the pair of brown denticles of the preceding species, but has the end hooks of similar form, larger than in G. stigmatus. Figure 3 is the labium of Cabot’s nymph No. 7, which was also Hagen’s No. 28. The specimens were obtained from Ghug- ger Pir, Himalaya, India, through Rev. M. M. Carleton. They were referred by supposition to Cyclogomphus, and an exam- _ ination of the developing venation, which is well preserved, con- firms the supposition. The shallow median cleft in the middle lobe of the labium, seems now less unique than when first described, since I have dscribed two forms with deeper division of it: Phyllogomphus (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. vol. 37, pl. 38, fig. 2) and Gomphus dil- atatus (Bull. 68, N. Y. State Mus. p. 266, fig. 14). These three forms, however, have no near likeness to each other. Figure 4 is the labium of the nymph that was Cabot’s No. 11, which was also Hagen’s No. 34 (1. c. p. 277). While labeling it ““Gomphoides sp.,” Hagen doubtfully refers it (or, at least the preceding very closely allied species No. 33) to Cyclo- phylla; and an examination of the developing venation shows that to that genus it undoubtedly belongs. There is in each wing a single cross vein in the supertriangle; there is one in the triangle, but there is none in the subtriangle. There is an anal loop of two cells placed crosswise of the wing: the outer side of the triangle of the hind wing is angulated above the middle of its length, and all other characters are sufficiently in accord with the typi- cal species of this genus. The labium is remarkable for the semicircular outline of the middle lobe, and for the long fringe of flattened scales about its margin. The end hook of the lateral lobes is sharply incurved, the inner margin is smooth. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 395 Figure 5 is the labium of an undescribed fragment of a nym- phal moult, found in the bottom of a bottle with other speci- mens that were labeled “Tapajos River, Brazil, 1885.” There was hardly more than the labium present, and nothing fit for description save the labium, but that is of so remarkable form, that it is worthy to be made known even though at present un- identifiable. Clearly it is allied with Cyclophylla by the form of the median lobe, but the sigmoid-uncinate end hooks of the lateral labial lobes are without a parallel among described forms. Fig. 6 represents the labium of Hagen’s Gomphus No. 14 (1. c., p. 262). It comes from Cairo, Ill., and has since been rede- scribed in Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist. vol. 6, p. 82, rgot. It is clearly a Gomphus, and is chiefly interesting tor the differ-~ ences shown by the labium from other known members of that genus. The sharp straight end hook is set at a right angle with the body of the lobe, and close up under it are two or three teeth on the inner margin. It remains specifically undetermin- able. Figure 7 represents the labium of Onychogomphus lineatus, raised by Rev. M. M. Carleton, at Delhi, India, and determined by Hagen.. The labium is much like the labia of the closely al- lied and better known nymphs of Ophiogomphus and Herpeto- gomphus in having the middle lobe broadly rounded and the lateral lobes blunt and not pointed on the ends, but the terminal third of the lateral lobe is slenderer in Onychogomphus than in the other two genera. Figure 8 represents the labium of an undetermined species of Ictinus from Middle Himalaya, India. Hagen had no doubt of the identity of the genus, nor have I, though there is no ve- national evidence to prove it. The labium is remarkably short and broad, the lateral lobes are pointed and _ serrate-toothed within, and the rounded middle lobe is fringed with a series of spines so remarkable in form that I have represented a few of them enlarged in figure 9. A word or two may be added concerning the identity of two other nymphs described by Hagen. His Gomphus No. 2 (I. ¢. 306 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 p. 254) which he thought might perhaps “belong to some of the large Indian species, Macrogomphus or Heterogomphus’ ap- pears to agree well in venation with adult Macrogomphus in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. The following venation- al characters should enable any one with adequate material to determine (I have no specimen of Macrogomphus now in my possession). There is a basal subcostal cross vein, and the hypertrophied antenodals are the first and fifth in the fore wing and the first and sixth or seventh in the hind wing. There are no cross veins in any of the triangles, but there are three medio-cubital cross veins in the fore wing—two before the one forming the inner side of the subtriangle. Ante- and post- nodals are 16:12 and 14:11 in fore and hind wing, respective- ly. There is a semi-circular, Ophiogomphus-like anal loop of two cells, with the cells of the anal margin before it irregular, and beyond it regularly arranged in double rows between the straight rear sectors. Hagen’s “Ophiogomphus” No. 10 can hardly belong to the genus Ophiogomphus, for the nymphal venation shows that the anal loop is composed of a single subquadrate cell, elongate in the axis of the wing and with parallel front and rear sides. The nymph also differs from the typical members of the genus in (a) absence of lateral spines from the abdominal seg- ments, (b) in the flange that is developed upon the sides of the hind angles of the head, (c) in the spatulate flattening of the third antennal segment toward its tip, and the insertion of the minute fourth segment upon the inner angle of the tip, (d) in the straightness of the lateral lobe of the labium, and (e) in the length of the tenth abdominal segment, it being hardly shorter than the ninth segment. EXPLANATION OF PLateé XIV.—Labia of Gomphine nymphs. In all, the inner aspect of the mentum, and parts distal thereto, are shown. Fig. 1. Gomphoides species. Brazil. Fig. 2. Gomphoides species. Brazil. Fig. 3. Cyclogomphus species. India. Fig. 4. Unknown genus. Brazil. Fig. 5. Cyclophylla species. Brazil. Fig. 6. Gomphus species. Illinois. Fig. 7. Onychogomphus lineatus. India. Fig. 8. Ictinus species. India. Fig. 9. Part of the spinulose border of the middle lobe of the same. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 397 Notes on Nephelodes Guen. (Lepid.). By F. H. Wottey Dop, Millarville, Alta., Canada. Of the three names standing as species of this genus in Prof. Smith’s Check List, reference to minians, Guen. and pectinatus, Smith, are given in Dr. Dyar’s catalogue. The type locality of minians I don’t know, but it is believed to be eastern. Pectinatus was described from two males from Corfield, Vance. I., and “B. C.,” and said to resemble minians, but to differ in having the antennal branches longer and slightly thickened at the tip, and lacking bristles. Later Prof. Smith described tertialis from seven males and a female from Winnipeg, and stated that it was decidedly smaller than minians, with more even fringes, lacked an obvious median shade on the primaries, and differed in male genitalia (Journ. N. Y. E. S. x1. 19, 1903). The genitalia of all three species are figured on Plate III of Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxix, of the same year. Whether the differences shown indicate the existence of three biologi- cally distinct species, is a matter for future investigation. Sir George Hampson recognizes the genus, including in it besides our three names as species, two more from Tibet. These lattér are by themselves in Section I. “Male antenne bipectinate to apex, the branches long.” Section II contains tertialis and pectinata, “male antennze bipectinate with moder- ate branches with short bristle at extremity. The two he separ- ates in a table thus, “Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with brown .. .. tertialis,’ and “Hind wing wholly suf- fused with brown . . .. fectinata.’ He figures a male co-type of the former from Winnipeg, and mentions having a male from Colorado as well. Of pectinatus he gives a wood cut, listing four males and a female from Vancouver Island. Section III, “Antennz of male bipectinate, with short branches with long bristle at extremity,” is devoted to emme- donia, Cram., which, described in 1779, he makes a prior name to minians Guen., giving as other synonyms the names so standing in Smith’s Catalogue, except that he removes sobria Walk., to a smooth-eyed genus in the next volume, and here 308 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 adds Monosca subnotata Walker, a change which Prof. Smith accepts. He makes violans Guen., of which he has a type from “Eastern States” “Ab. 1 * * .* more purple, and without the red tones.” He shows a wood cut of the species, but in it the antennal branches appear longer, and the bristles shorter, than in the cut of pectinata on the opposite page, in contradic- tion to the tables. In fact, in his detail of pectinata the anten- nal branches are shorter and bristles proportionately much longer, than in any B. C. specimen that I have seen. In Can. Ent. XXXVII, 179-180, May, 1905, I published a somewhat extensive note on these forms, in which some an- tennal variation was suggested, and stating that my only Win- nipeg specimen of authentic tertialis was inseparable from some Eastern specimens superficially. When at Prof. Smith’s collection I noted a male and female type and male co-type of tertialis, and wrote: “Pectinations longer than minians, and as long as pectinatus, with bristles as in minians. A very good species.” And later at Washing- ton, I wrote of a male co-type and another Winnipeg male, “Antenne bipectinate with long branches as in pectinatus, but bristle longer than in pectinatus, not as long as muntans.” My conclusion as to the validity of the species was based solely upon the antennal structure. Whilst with Mr. Wallis at Win- nipeg a few weeks before, I had noted that from an examina- tion of the antenne of his Nephelodes it seemed he might have more than one species. And at Rutgers College and other col- lections I frequently noticed, in several other genera, rather striking different relative lengths of antennal serrations or pec- tinations in specimens which appeared otherwise exactly alike, and called Prof. Smith’s attention to it. The length of serra- tions or pectinations is often, undeniably, a valuable aid in separating closely allied species. But in the case of Nephelodes, as in some others, I gradually became very suspicious. At my request Mr. Wallis kindly sent me all his material in this genus for study. Most, as he regretted, were in bad condition, but served my purpose perfectly well. These, added to my own inaterial from various localities totalled 59 males and 15 fe- Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 399 males, over which I spent an entire day, chiefly examining and most carefully comparing the antennal branches and bristles. Four males from New Brighton, Pa., are the largest and brightest colored that I have from anywhere east of the Rock- ies. These have antennal branches about the length of the width of the shaft, narrowly stalked, though, except in one specimen, slightly enlarged at tips, from which spring single bristles about equal in length to the branches. Nine from Chicago show a gradation from branches not exceeding width of shaft, with bristles of equal length, the joints being well marked by branches being a little thick- ened at their bases, to others with branches longer than width of shaft, with joints of shaft not marked, and the branches uniform throughout their length, or else a little thickened at tips. In some the branches are as long as, or longer than, some Vancouver Island pectinatus, but less thickened at tips and with longer bristle. In others the branches are shorter than in the New Brighton specimens. Occasionally two bristles spring from the tip of a branch, one a little longer than the other, and the bristles are not always as long as the branches. Eight other males from scattered localities in Illinois, from Elmwood, R. I., and Sudbury, Ontario, show similar variation to the Chicago specimens. Such malformations occasionally occur as in other species with pectinate antenne, as two branches being united by a membrane, or one springing from the stem of another. Three from Winnipeg have pectinations of three different lengths. In one they are as short as in the New Brighton specimens, and the shortest from Chicago, with bristle as long or nearly as long as branch, and thickened at base rather than at tip. In the other two they are longer but of different lengths, in one as in the longest from Chicago, not thicken- ed at base, with bristle not much more than half the length of branch, and a little, though not much longer than in pec- tinatus from Vancouver Island. The last two specimens are typical tertialis, and from type locality. Thirteen males from Husavick and Winnipeg Beach, close together and about 50 400 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., I9QII miles north of Winnipeg, show the same antennal variation, and grade easily through. The branches are usually slender and of about even thickness, but are sometimes thickened at bases, or slightly at tips. The bristles are usually, but not always shorter than the shortest in the Chicago examples. Two from Aweme, Man., one from Regina, Sask., and seven from Calgary, all have branches considerably longer than width of shaft, but in some not a bit longer than in some Chicago and east coast specimens, though the bristles in all seem shorter. The tendency to a thickening at the base of branches seems to have diminished in these, and they are generally thickened at tips. Ten from Vancouver Island and two from Glenwood Springs, Colorado, do not differ from these in antennz, but the Vancouver Island specimens, espec- ially those from Duncans, are more robust, and darker in color throughout. Excepting perhaps the strongly colored New Brighton spec- imens, there is little difference in the range of color and macu- lation between series from the different localities from the east and as far west as Winnipeg. Some of the more eastern specimens possess slightly scalloped margins, in a varying de- gree, and sometimes not at all. The tendency is less notice- able in Winnipeg specimens, in which a very distinct median shade is just as often present as in the others. Winnipeg specimens average distinctly smaller, as is quite usual with prairie forms, and there is a distinct tendency towards paler and more whitish secondaries. But this again is an evan- escent character. In Alberta the colors usually run paler, and a pinkish or somewhat carneous suffusion is not unusual. On the whole, the color of the secondaries here is still a little paler. The palest specimen of any I have, both as to primaries and secondaries, is from Calgary, and, as it happens, one of the very darkest is from Winnipeg. My Colorado specimens resemble some from Calgary more closely than any others. On Vancouver Island (pectinatus) the build is somewhat stouter than on the prairie, but scarcely more so than in the Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 401 east, if at all. The wings have a rougher appearance. Oliva- ceous and red shades predominate to the exclusion of pur- ple, and the secondaries in all my specimens are almost uni- formly dark fuscous, darker than in eastern specimens, and lack the bronzy sheen and pink fringes so often found there. I recently sent Sir George Hampson a Calgary specimen as pectinatus. He commented that it was “tertialis, not pec- tinatus.’ In so far as the color is concerned he is perfectly correct, and I quite admit that the Calgary form is terttalis, which appears to me to intergrade with emmedonia. As to whether pectinatus is really a biologically distinct entity, not habitually interbreeding, somewhere or other, with the same form, that is to say, whether a distinct racial connection will not ultimately be found to exist between the extremes refer- red to in this article as North American specimens, is a mat- ter of some doubt. What I have been able to observe from the data at my disposal suggests to me that they are not dis- tinct. For the present, not being able to trace an actual con- nection through, and possessing no specimens from anywhere between Calgary and Victoria, I feel bound to leave the name pectinatus as it stands. I should mention that I have females from most of the above mentioned localities, and that they do not differ essentially from the males except in having mi- nutely ciliate antenne. Of all the seventy-four specimens examined, I have dis- covered a single but unmistakable spine on a single hind tibia of two, one male and one female, from Husavick, Man. It is situate in both on the outside of the limb, in distance about midway between the two pairs of spurs. Though at present I have investigated very little in the matter, I know of a num- ber of species in which the presence or absence of tibial spines is variable, but this is the first instance in which I have dis- covered any on tibiae of a hairy-eyed species. The only other hairy-eyed species in North America that is known to have spined tibiae is Trichorthosia parallela. 402 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Studies on Costa Rican Odonata. II.—The Habits of the Plant-dwelling Larva of Mecistogaster modestus.* By Pair P/Catverr, Pas: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Announcement has already been made in the News (Calvert 1910 a and b) and elsewhere (Ibid., 1909 c, 1911) of the discov- ery, in Mexico by Mr. F. Knab and in Costa Rica by the writer, Two epiphytic Bromeliads on a branch of Erythrina, Cartago, Costa Rica, July 4, 1900. Photograph by Amelia S. Calvert. of Odonate larve living in the water which collects between the bases of the leaves of Bromeliads growing upon trees, and of the rearing of the imagos of Mecistogaster modestus Selys from these larvae. *Number I, on The Larva of Cora, was published in Entomological News XXII, pp. 49-64, plates I] and III, February, rort. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 403 The pineapple is the most familiar example of this family of plants, although, of course, it is not an epiphyte. The epiphytic bromeliads of Costa Rica, in addition to the Tillandsiae, per- tain to the genera Androlepis, Aechmea, Billbergia and Pit- cairnia, according to Wercklé (1909). Their range is from sea- level to the craters of such volcanos as Irazu (11,000 feet, 3300 metres), but they are most abundant in the moister parts of the country. To the naturalist traveling along the usual route from Limon to San José, the most striking difference between the al- most constantly moist Atlantic slope and the Pacific side, with its definite dry season, is the much greater number of brome- liad and other epiphytes on the former. On the pruned trees of the pord (Erythrina) and other spe- cies which form the cercas or hedges, surrounding the fields and pastures near Cartago (Atlantic slope), bromeliads with leaves five to ten inches (12.5-25 cm.) in length are extremely abun- dant. They frequently but not invariably contain water and usually harbor some insects, especially Blattidz, but they never furnished any Odonate larve, nor were imagos of Mecisto- gaster ever met at this altitude (4750 feet, 1450 metres), in our experience. ' Epiphytic bromeliads of greater size (1. e., with leaves two to three feet, 60-90 cm., long) occur in forests both below and above this elevation, but our collections of Odonate larve from them, as well as our observations of Mecistogaster adults, were made at altitudes lower than 3300 feet (1000 metres). The leaves of these plants spring from such a very short stock that their bases are close together and the blades of the leaves in contact with each other for several inches. As a general rule a number of stocks grow side by side on the same_ host tree, whose trunk or branch they may completely encircle, and as the stocks may be attached to each other it is not easy to sep- arate one individual plant from its fellows. The leaves, with the length mentioned, taper from base to apex, diverge from their fellows and either stretch up stiffly for their entire length or droop over gracefully near their tips; owing to their stiff- 404 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 ness and their serrated spiny edges, they must be handled care- fully to avoid scratched and bleeding hands. The stocks are at- tached to the host trees at very varying distances from the ground—from less than a foot to more than fifty feet (15 me- tres). On account of the size and formidable defenses of these plants, it was our usual practice to select those whose attach- ment was not more than fifteen feet above the ground, throw a long rope over one or more stocks, pull on both ends of the rope so that it would slide between the tree trunk and the bromeliad and break the roots which fastened the latter to its host. Some water and some of the most active insect inhabitants of the epiphyte would be lost in this operation. As soon as the bromeliad reached the ground, it was placed with its crown of leaves directed upward and the upper parts of the leaves cut off with a knife to get rid of the inconvenience of the spines. Beginning with the outermost leaf of the whorl, the leaves were removed one by one, carefully stripping each to its at- tachment to the stock and taking out the animals lying between the leaf bases with a forceps and placing them in bottles. The first time that I found bromeliadicolous Odonate larvze was October 3, 1909, at Juan Vifias, Costa Rica. Three dis- tinct clumps of epiphytic bromeliads had been examined with- out success that day, at different points along the road and trail which leads from the railroad station down to the iron bridge over the Rio Reventazon. To quote from our diary: “The fourth and last bromeliad was in the forest about 200 feet above the river and 10-12 feet above ground on a tree trunk. * * * After half an hour’s tugging and pulling, the mass, consisting of three plants and weighing surely not less than fifty pounds, fell to the ground. I cut off the leaves as before and very soon found a dragonfly larva between the bases of two leaves not many leaves in from the circumference. In the hour I remained after the plants fell, no other larve were found and there was much still to be examined, so I left the plants where they had fallen. At 9 A. M. [Oct. 4] I resumed Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 405 cutting off leaves as before, and when I had removed all the larger ones | carried the three stocks, still so firmly united that I was unable to separate them with my little knife, and weigh- ing fifteen pounds or more, to a spring farther down the canyon side so that I might wash out the mud when necessary to make more careful search. In all the bromeliads examined these two days there was much mud between the leaves, chiefly the outer ones, as well as dead leaves of trees which have fallen from the above or, perhaps at times, have been carried in by wind. At noon—after three hours’ constant work—I finished the examination and had found two more dragonfly larve.” This clump of bromeliads was tenanted, in addition to the Odonate larve, by a young scorpion (Centrurus margaritatus Gerv.) two inches long, which had just moulted, the exuvia also found; two species of Phalangids (Metergimus signatus Bks., Cynorta sp.), a Pseudoscorpion (Chelanops sp.), and Co- leoptera, both adults (Metamasius dimidiatipennis Jekel; Ale- goria dilatata Castelnau; Cryptobium sp., or genus allied thereto ; an Endomychid genus, new, near Trochoideus ; Cercyon or Phaenonotum sp.; and Phaenonotum tarsale Sharp) and larve (Elaterids, probably of the genus Semiotus and others allied to what is considered the larva of Dolopius; a Lampyrid of an unknown genus, but apparently related to Photuris; a Spheridid, possibly Phaenonotum tarsale) a Dipterous larva (Stratiomyid) with a circle of sete at its hind end; two Heteroptera, the subglobular shiny Chlaenocoris dissimilis Dist. and a flat nymph of (probably) Belminus rugulosus Stal; a Hepialid caterpillar ; a small earwig (‘‘too immature to be de- terminable ; probably it is a Labia, possibly L. annulata Fabr.”’) ; ants of an undescribed species of Apterostigma. The wee- vil, Metamasius dimidiatipennis, bore many Acari (a species of Urepoda) on its legs, and another larger Acarine (Celanopsis sp.) was present between the leaves; finally in the mud between some of the leaves was a fair-sized earthworm (an im- mature Andiodrilus biolleyi Cog. di Mar.) quick in its move- 406 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 ments and with a peculiar smooth proboscis which was fre- quently thrust out and looked like a spine.* Of all these inhabitants of the bromeliad, the Pseudoscor- pion, the flat Reduviid Belminus and the Elaterid larve re- ferred to Semiotus (?) appear to possess the most adaptive body form, 7. e. flattened to correspond to the crevices between the broad leaf bases. This is best marked in the Semiotus (?) larvae which measured I—1¥4 in. (25-40 mm.) long, one- quarter inch or more (5 + mm.) wide and less than one-eighth inch (<3 mm.) in thickness. The list here given of the cotenants with the Odonate larve does not include by any means all the bromeliadicoli which we met in Costa Rica, but is interesting as giving a glimpse of the organic environment of the special subject of this paper. Again at Juan Vifas, on December 17, Ig09, we pulled down a large epiphytic bromeliad from about 12 feet above ground, “although it took all our combined weight and strength to do it and were rewarded by finding seven or eight good speci- mens of Odonate larve of different sizes. This bromeliad had, among other animals, a few of the large black ants, Odon- *Specimens of the bromeliadicoli were submitted to specialists and I acknowledge with thanks the identifications of the earthworm by Dr. J. Percy Moore, of the ants by Prof. W. M. Wheeler, of the earwig by Dr. Malcolm Burr (through Mr. J. A. G. Rehn), of the Arachnida by Mr. Nathan Banks, of the Coleoptera by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, of the Heteroptera by Mr. O. Heidemann and of the Lepidopterous larva by Dr. H. G. Dyar. The identification of the last four named groups was arranged by Mr. Frederick Knab, who himself determined the Strati- omyid larva. Of the ant Apterostigma sp., Prof. Wheeler, after examining these specimens and also others from Costa Rica not collected in bromeliads, wrote: “It is a fungus growing ant of the most primitive and, at the present time, most interesting genus of Attii. No species of this genus has ever been taken in Bromeliads. All of the known species have been described from cavities in rotten wood where they build a pecu- liar fungus garden using caterpillar excrement as a substratum, and enveloping the whole garden in a mycelial web which is not known to exist in any of the other genera of Attiine ants.” Since, as stated above, a caterpillar also lived in this same clump of bromeliads, doubt- less the usual living conditions of Apterostigma were satisfied here. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 407 tomachus hastatus Fabr., with enormously developed jaws, bent near the tip, which are carried wide open and measure one-quarter inch from tip to tip; occasionally they would be snapped shut with a very audible click.”* We were by no means always successful, however, either in finding Odonate larve in bromeliads or in pulling down the plants from the trees, as records in our diary for La Emilia in November, 1909, and at Juan Vinas in February and March, 1910, show. Our last collection from them was on April 26, 1910, when we ex- amined clumps of bromeliads on trees near the edge of a clear- ing about 100 feet below the railroad tracks west of Juan Vinas station, altitude about 3200 feet. Here we “found a few larve of Mecistogaster with the accompaniment of spiders, cock- roaches, mosquitoes, slugs, planarians, earthworms and_big- jawed ants.” Among the Mecistogaster larve was one smaller than any we had previously found and I carelessly did not im- mediately separate it from its larger brethren; when I turned to do so it had disappeared, and we had no doubt that it had suffered from the cannibalistic habits of all its tribe. The fate of our bromeliadicolous Odonate larvze was as fol- lows. The three of October 3-4, 1909, reached our headquar- ters at Cartago alive and were placed in separate glass tumb- lers, each containing a little water and a miniature bromeliad from the neighboring cercas. They were fed with, and were seen to eat, smaller dragonfly larve. The larva of Oct. 3 (No. 49) died in the act of moulting, Oct. 8, being unable to cast the skin from its head and especially the mask. One of those of Oct. 4 died from some unknown cause and its hinder parts were eaten by its companion before separation; the other (No. 48) moulted between Oct. 15 and 24, while we were absent, and again on Dec. 25, but died Dec. 30-31. The larvz obtained Dec. 17, 1900, were similarly arranged at *Commenting on specimens of this species, Prof. Wheeler wrote: “T find in my collection a series of specimens taken in bromeliads at Alto de Serra in the Province of Sao Paulo, Brazil, by von Ihering. Apparently it has a habit of nesting in such places.” We found it in a number of bromeliads in Costa Rica. 408 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Cartago, but were supplied more often with Chironomid larve ; they did not seem as voracious as most Odonate larve are. They were numbered 54 to 61. No. 54 died Jan. 3, 1910. No. 55, without further moulting, transformed April 6 as Mecistogaster modestus 8. No. 56 died in attempted transformation April 11. No. 57 probably moulted Jan. 19-29 during our absence and transformed April 18 as Mecistogaster modestus 2. No. 58 moulted and died Jan. 19-29. No. 59 moulted Dec. 25 and transformed April 4 as Mecistogaster modestus 2. No. 60 probably moulted Feb. 15-18 during our absence, as fragments of an exuvia were found Feb. 19; moulted March 29-30 and was found dead April 3. No. 61 moulted Jan. 7-16 and again March 13-16 and was lost probably in the earthquake of May 4, as we have no record for it later than March 16. The larve of April 26, 1910, (Nos. I-3) were at once pre- served in alcohol, as were the pre-metamorphic exuviae and the dead larve resulting from our collections of Oct. 3-4 and Dec. 17, but not all the exuviz have been available for the present study. Our diary for April 28, 1910, at Juan Vifias, records: “We went down the road to the river [Reventazon] * * * At the bromeliad cluster* from which we obtained the larve on Decem- ber 17 last, from which Mectstogaster modestus transformed in our room at Cartago this present month of April, a single male of this species was sitting on the tip of a leaf and was easily caught with the net. Before reaching this tree we passed an- other also with bromeliads of an apparently different species. Around these bromeliads two females of MM. modestus were fluttering and alighting and altho’ we did not see them making any motions of oviposition, one of them disappeared into the leaf bases as if she might be on such an errand. On the out- side of one of the yard-long leaves, about six inches from the apex, was an exuvia of modestus which we were able to get.” The diary for May 1, 1910, reads: ‘Went down to the Revent- *In December we had pulled down some, but not all, of the stocks forming this cluster, leaving the others as a control. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 409 azon. As I passed the cluster of bromeliads around which two females of Mecistogaster modestus were seen flying by us on Thursday, a female of this species was transforming on the out- side of a leaf. I was able to secure both her and her exuvia [8.30-9 A. M.].” “All these observations show that in spite of their unnatural surroundings and perhaps lower temperature, our larve at Cartago were not retarded in their development as compared with their free relations in their native forest.” The origin of the bromeliadicolous habit of the larvz of Mecistogaster modestus may possibly be accounted for in the following manner. The majority of the species of Mecisto- gaster are South American and some of them occur along the Amazon, where also are the headquarters of the Bromeliacez (Wittmack 1888, p. 39). As is well known, “thousands of miles of forest” along this river are inundated in each wet season, so that a person “will travel through this forest for days, scrap- ing against tree-trunks and stooping to pass beneath the leaves of prickly palms, now level with the water, though raised on stems forty feet high.” (Spruce, 1908, vol. I, p. 229; Wallace, 1853 etc., chap. vii). At such periods of high-water, epiphytes, whether of the Bromeliacez or of other families, would often be just at the water’s surface, or only slightly submerged, and would offer to Zygopterous Odonata quite ordinary and usual places for oviposition. An association with certain plants might thus be formed by Mecistogaster or its ancestors, which would persist even when the water-surface was much below the level of the epiphytes. Only such plants as could retain water fot long periods of time (weeks and months) would permit the de- velopment of essentially aquatic larvae and the water must be renewed from time to time. This last condition would prevent the survival of Mecistogaster wherever the rainfall was too in- termittent. Once the association of this insect with bromeliads,7 or any other suitable plant, were formed it might persist with the spread of the insect away from the regions of deep yearly inundation (the Amazon or elsewhere), where we conceive its + It is suggestive that the legion Pseudostigma Selys, to which Mecis- togaster belongs, and the Bromeliaceae are confined to tropical America. 410 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 possible origin to have occurred, to the forest at Juan Vifias where the trees which harbored our larve were far, far above the highest flood marks of the Rio Reventazon. M. modestus, M. ornatus and Megaloprepus cocrulatus, as we saw them in Costa Rica, usually fly above the underbrush and when disturb- ed, rise to a height of many feet above the ground. The excessively long abdomen of the adults of Mecistogaster and its allies (Megaloprepus, Microstigma, Pscudostigma, Ano- misma) may be a special adaptation to the life of their off- spring in water-containing plants, since the abdomen of the lar- va of M. modestus is no longer, proportionally, than in other Agrionine. The space between the leaf of a bromeliad and the leaf next without decreases downward, and if Mecistogas- ter’s eggs are deposited in the plant tissue in or near the con- tained water, in accordance with the general habit of the Zy- goptera, it would often be necessary for the female to reach far down into crevices possibly too narrow to admit of the en- trance of her thorax and wings. The long abdomen with the ovipositor near its hind end would therefore be of distinct ad- vantage, and it will be a matter of great interest to ascertain, by future observations, if the lengths of abdomens seen in va- rious members of the legion Pseudostigma of de Selys are cor- related with peculiarities in length in the plants or other ob- jects in which they oviposit. (The larva and transformation of MW. modestus will be described and figured in Number III of these Studies.) Supplementary Note on Plant-dwelling Odonate Larvae—In addi- tion to the records of plant-dwelling Odonate larvae already mentioned in the News (Calvert, 1910 b), Mr. Frederick Knab has called my attention to a paper by G. F. Leicester (1903), containing the follow- ing statements: “One of the most important breeding places [for mosquitoes] in the jungle is the water which collects in the bamboo, either in the stumps of old bamboo or in the cavities of fallen bamboos which in some cases have cracked in drying and allowed water to ac- cumulate in them, or even in standing living bamboos in which some insect has bored a hole in the stem and allowed water to enter (p. 291). * * * Other natural enemies [of mosquito larvae living in the same places, in addition to the carnivorous mosquito larvae Megarhinus] are the larvae of certain species of Agrionidae, Libellulidae and Chir- onomidae.” (p. 292). Vol. xxi] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 4Il LITERATURE QUOTED. Catvert, P. P.—1910 a. A Plant-dwelling Odonate Larva. Ent. News, XXI, p. 264. June. Inip.—r1910 b. Plant-dwelling Odonate Larvae. L. c., pp. 365-306. October. In1p.—1910 c. Zoological Researches in Costa Rica. Old Penn Weekly Review of the University of Pennsylvania, IX, pp. 165-170. Nov. 12. With figure (p. 167) of the fully-expanded Mecistogaster modestus and its exuvia. The remarks on Mecistogaster, but not the figure, were reprinted in Entom. Mo. Mag. (2) XXII, pp. 17-18 Jan., 1g1I, under the title “Dragonflies breeding in rain-water collected at the leaf-bases of Bromeliads,’ with comments by G. C. Champion. Ipip.—t1911. Newly Found Odonate Larvae of Special Interest from Costa Rica. Science (n. s.) XXXIII, p. 388. March to. Leicester, G. F.—1903. A Breeding Place of Certain Forest Mos- quitoes in Malaya. Journ. Trop. Medicine VI, pp. 291-292. Sept. 15. Spruce, R.—1g908. Notes of a Botanist on the Amazon and Andes. Edited by A. R. Wallace. Macmillan & Co., London. 2 vols. Watiace, A. R.—1853. A Narrative of Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro. London. Reeve & Co. 2nd edition in 1889, 3rd in 1890. WERCKLE, C—1909. La Subregion Fitogeografica Costarricense. Tipografia Nacional S-Jose, Costa Rica. Wirrmack, L.—1888. Bromeliaceae in Engler and Prantl’s Die Na- tiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien. II Teil. 4 Abteilung. Leipzig. A BROMELIADICOLOUS CADDIS-WORM.—Apropos of the article on bromeliadicolous dragon-fly larvae in this number of the News, the following item from a letter from Mr. K. J. Morton, of Edinburgh, Scotland, is of interest: “Longer ago than I care to think, Fritz Miller, amongst other curious habitations of Trichopterous larvae, sent me some caddis cases taken from the water present between the sheaths of Bromeliads found on trees in the primeval forest growth of Southern Brazil.” THE OCCURRENCE OF THE TRICHOGRAMMATID Ufens niger (Ashmead) in Texas.—Records concerning even the most common species of Trichogrammatide are rare and it is meet therefore to publish the following: A single male specimen of Ufens niger (Ashmead) was captured by C. A. Hart at Brownsville, Texas, July 9, 1908, by sweep- ing grass. The specimen has been remounted in xylol-balsam from alcohol and deposited in the collections of the Illinois State Labora- tory of Natural History, Urbana, IIl., as accession No. 45,113.—A. A. GiRAULT. 412 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 New Species or Sub-species of North American Butterflies (Lepid.). By HENRy SKINNER, Philadelphia, Pa. Eresia texana seminole n. subsp. Male and female. Base of the primary wing fulvous, with a black ring containing a fulvous spot; in the discal cell outward is a large fulvous spot encircled with black and beyond this a black space with a yellow dot in the center; further toward the apex is a lunate fulvous spot. Below the cell, near the base are three fulvous dots. All the other spots on both wings are yellow; the mesial band on secondaries yellow, large and more nearly quadrate than in texana. Described from two specimens (male and female) in the col- lection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and a number of paratypes in the collection of the Georgia State Board of Entomology at Atlanta. The specimens were taken by Professor J. C. Bradley, at Bainbridge, Georgia, Sept. 17th. It is named from the aborigines that inhabited that dis- trict as suggested by Professor Bradley. Pamphila sassacus dacotae n. subsp. The stigma of dacotae is like that of sassacus, but the markings of the male in most specimens are nearly obsolete; the small black dash seen in sassacus beyond the stigma is wanting in dacotae. In color the new form is paler, and this in conjunction with the lack of maculation gives it a peculiar appearance. The female is more differentiated from sassacus than the male, being entirely fuscous; there are three small sub-apical spots, two at the end of the cell and two below these, and the latter in one specimen are translucent; further toward the outer margin are two more spots. There is a faint semi-circular band of spots in the center of the secondaries. All these spots are repeated on the underside. Described from five specimens from Volga, South Dakota, and five from Grinnell, Iowa. Type locality Volga. The in- sect flies in July and August (July 16-21, Aug. 24th.) Pamphila mystic pallida n. subsp. Like the Eastern mystic but much paler in color, especially the fuscous border of the wings. Described from a number of specimens of both sexes from Volga, South Dakota. Taken in July, from the 16th to the 25th. Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 413 Pamphila sylvanoides utahensis n. subsp. Larger and paler in color on the upper side than sylvanoides. Under side paler than the typical form with the maculations of the secondaries white. The color of the under side has a pro- nounced greenish tinge. Type locality, Park City, Utah, July 20th. Also from Beaver Canyon, Idaho, July 23rd, and Grizzly Mountains, Colorado, July 2nd. This is a very distinct topomorph. Pamphila pawnee montana n. subsp. Size and shape of pawnee, with same character of stigma but much darker in color, with a wide fuscous border to all the wings. Under side much darker than in pawnee, with a basal yellow dot on the secondaries and a row of five yellow spots outside of the center and parallel to the outer margin. Described from eleven specimens from Colorado, taken by David Bruce. Only two specimens out of the lot have exact data; one says Chaffee County, 7500 feet alt., and the other Salida, May 21st, 7500 feet alt. Pamphila quinquemacula n. sp. Male. Expands 21 mm. Upperside. Primaries fuscous with five very small, distinct white spots, three of them subapical, one below these and situated nearer to the outer margin, and one below the end of the discal cell. Secondaries fuscous and immaculate. Underside. Primaries as above; secondaries with two very distinct, comparatively large white spots, about an eighth inch apart, near the costal margin and about eight minute white points scattered across the central area of the wing. Fringes, palpi and pectus white. From one specimen taken at Las Cruces, New Mexico, prob- ably taken by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell. It is allied to fusca Grote and Robinson, and osyka Edwards. This is the small- est species so far found in the United States. The types of all these new forms are in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. io Dr. Creighton Wellman, whose entomological work in tropical Africa will be recalled by readers of the News, is now Director of the Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, at Tulane University, New Or- leans, La. 414 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Adelpha (Heterochroa) bredowi and californica (Lepidoptera). By Henry SKINNER, Philadelphia, Pa. These two species have been considerably confused in the literature of the subject. Some authors have placed califor- nica as a synonym and others have confused the two. I had never carefully studied them and had supposed that californica was only a slight race of bredowi without any constant charac- ter or characters to separate it. We lately received some speci- mens from Texas, collected by Mr. H. A. Wenzel, and in de- ciding which name to place them under, I was led to examine the material at my comand, which consists of twenty-nine speci- mens from a number of localities. Bredowi was described by Hubner, Zutr. Exot. Schmett. f. 825, 826. The Biologia CentralicAmericana gives the follow- ing distribution for it: Arizona; Chihuahua, Oaxaca, Mexico; San Geronimo, Polochic Valley, Santa Rosa in Vera Paz, Guatemala. Limenitis eulalia Doubl. Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. t. 36, f. 1 is placed as a synonym. Heterochroa californica was described by Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p. 485, with the habit given as California. It is figured by Edwards in his Butt. Nth. Amer. 1. pl. 44, 18760, under the name bredowi. Mr. Edwards corrected this refer- ence in his Catl. of 1884, and gives the habitat as Cala.; Ariz. ; Nev. It is also figured in Holland’s Butterfly Book and in Wright’s Butterflies of the West Coast. Godman and Salvin mention the californica of Butler in the Biologia and say several small differences serve to distinguish it from bredowi, the latter being recorded from Arizona, from, specimens collected by Morrison. At the end of his description of californica Mr. Butler says it is closely allied to bredowi and then points out a number of differences between the two. Of these I have found but one that is constant in the speci- mens examined—‘‘the basal upper half of the hind wing is crossed by an additional short orange band.” On the under side of the secondary wing there is a broad Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 415 white fascia, edged narrowly by a black line, and interior to this in the basal upper half wing, is a blue fascia narrowly lined with black, and still nearer the base is an orange brown fascia edged with black and the base of the wing is blue. In californica the first blue fascia is replaced in its lower half by an orange brown spot and this spot is separated on its lower half from the inner orange brown fascia by a blue space. These maculations of the upper half of the hind wing basally are very marked and serve to sharply separate the two species. If intergrades occur I have not seen them. Another character of moment is found in the border of the under side of both wings. In bredowi there are two rows of submarginal lunules; the outer ones narrow and the inner ones three times the width of the outer ones. In californica the outer row of lunules is absent or only faintly indicated. None of the markings of the upper side of the wings serve to differentiate the two forms. The following are the records: Four specimens of califor- nica (presumably from California) ; four specimens from Cali- fornia (no exact data); one from the San Bernardino Moun- tains, Cal.; one from Los Angeles, Cal.; one from Tehachapi, Cal., July 6th; one from Havilah, Cal., June 17th; two from Ashland, Oregon, Sept. 7th and 3oth. Nine specimens of bredowi, Carr Canyon, Huachuca Moun- tains, Arizona, Aug., taken by myself; one from the City of Mexico and three taken by H. A. Wenzel in the Chisos Moun- tains, in southern Texas, July 22nd. Tue Corron Motu 1n LArce Numspers.—From September 23rd to the 26th, Philadelphia experienced a large flight of the cotton moth, Aletia argillacea. They swarmed in some parts of the city and hun- dreds were resting head down on the electric light poles and on plate glass windows of stores. There were many thousands of them and nearly all that I saw were in perfect condition as though just from the chrysalis. These moths are known to migrate in numbers, but it is quite strange if the great numbers seen here came from the cotton districts in the south. The moths in some places appeared to create considerable alarm, people thinking they would cause damage to plant life here—HeENrRyY SKINNER, Philadelphia. 416 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 On two Species of the Berytid genus Capyella Bredd. (Rhynch.). By E. Bercrotru, Fitchburg, Mass. Capyella novella n. sp. Castaneous, frontal spine pale testaceous, apex of second and third antennal joint and female genital segments black, fourth antennal joint white with the apex fuscous. Head with the anteocular part as long as the postocular part, seen from the side moderately sloping (45°) and obliquely truncate at apex. the tylus being straight; frontal spine rather long, slightly curved downwards; buccule high, a little prominent apically; rostrum almost reaching hind coxe; antennae very much longer than the body, first joint as long as second and third together, passing middle of abdomen, its apical club elongate, second and third joints slightly thicker at apex, third twice longer than second, fourth shorter than second. Thorax thickly and strongly punctate, more finely so on anterior lobe of pronotum, which is a little sunken and rounded posteriorly and less than half the length of the posterior lobe, pronotum with the sides a little rounded, slightly obtusely gibbous at the posterior angles, the median longitudinal elevated line not higher between the shoulders and abbreviated before the depressed truncate basal margin. Scutellum pointed and recurved at apex. Orificia reaching the level of the cor- ium, the erect free apical process slightly sinuate at the tip. Hemely- tra reaching apex of the penultimate dorsal segment. Wings not quite reaching middle of antepenultimate segment. Abdomen beneath transversely strigulose, female genital segments recurved. Legs with the apical club of the femora elongate, hind femora as long as first antennal joint, a little surpassing apex of abdomen (tarsi missing). Length, 2 10 mm. West Africa (Assini). Larger and darker than C. malacaipus Stal, and distinguish- ed by the very long third antennal joint, the much less elevated humeral angles of the pronotum, the posteriorly less elevated median pronotal ridge, and the almost uniformly colored, not black-speckled legs and first three antennal joints. Capyella lobulata Bergr. This species, described in 1909, has recently (1911) been re- described by Distant under the name Metatropis tipularia. Dis- tant’s type and the specimens described by me are from the same locality, Port Darwin, in N. W. Australia. In the genus Metatropis Fieb. the head has no frontal spine, the ocelli are more approximate, the orificia are not freely prominent upward at apex, etc. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit and will thank- fully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] TO CONTRIBUTORS.—AII] contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of reception. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumference, as to make it neces- sary to put ‘‘copy’’ into the hands of the printer, for each number, four weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘extras,’ without change in form and without covers, will be given free, when they are wanted; if more than twenty-five copies are desired, this should be stated on the MS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. Proof will be sent to authors for correction only when specially requested.—Ed. PHILADELPHIA, PA., NOVEMBER, IOQII. As the time for the annual meeting of the Entomological Society of America approaches, it may not be amiss to report some ideas lately expressed by two of its members discussing the Society. The time at the disposal of the Society for its annual meet- ing is very brief. That time should be put to the best use. Therefore, it was held, that what the Society should chiefly at- tempt to do is: To discuss and take appropriate action to elevate the stand- ards of entomological work and writings. To further the co-operation of entomologists in different parts of the country. ‘To increase the acquaintanceships, and to promote good fel- lowship, among the entomologists of America. To represent the collective opinion of American Entomolo- gists. To discuss and formulate rules, regulations and recommenda- tions concerning nomenclature, nomina conservanda, descrip- tions, methods of publication, and all other matters of entome- logical interest for adoption by International Congresses of En- tomology and of Zoology and their Commissions. 417 418 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 To limit the papers read at the annual meetings to those oi general interest and importance and to insist that every papet should be presented within a brief time, say ten or fifteen min- utes. Papers treating of details of taxonomy, of morphology, of anatomy, etc., without wide application, should be given before the local entomological societies whose more frequent meetings provide time for adequate presentation. Notes and News. ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE. PRESERVATIVES AGAINST THE ATTACKS OF DERMESTIDS.—The German Entomological Society held a discussion on this topic at its meeting of March 13, 1911, of which the following is a translation from Deutsche Entom. Zeitschrift, 1911, pp. 350-1. Hofig showed some larvae and adults of a species of Dermestes which had arrived alive in an invoice of cat gut strings prepared with naphthaline from Aus- tralia. The material had been totally destroyed by these beetles. The speaker asked if any of the members knew of a radically effec- tive means against the Dermestes plague. Ohaus remarked that, from his earlier experience as a ship’s surgeon, naphthaline was not a means for killing Dermestids if the material in question, skins, feathers, etc., had already been infected with the larvae or eggs of Dermestes before treatment with naphthaline. He recommended carbon bisulphide as a good annihilator. Harms said that sprinkling with anise powder was a radical means of destruction. Bertling ad- vised the sending of raw materials in liquids to avoid injury from Dermestes. Ohaus mentioned that in the rainless regions of South America carcasses of animals, etc., are almost exclusively visited by Dermestes vulpinus in countless numbers. Along with Dermestes, Trox suberosus and Corynetes sometimes appear in quantities. In almost all cases of injury D. vulpimus comes in question as Prof. Kolbe had determined in the case cited by HOofig. On THE UsE oF THE GENUS ARANEUS CLERCK.—In the past few years several arachnologists, Simon, F. O. P. Cambridge, Strand, and some American authors have used the genus Araneus Cl. to replace Epeira. On the contrary I have held to Epeira, as it is supported by the various codes of nomenclature. The case is very simple. Araneus or Aranea was not divided until 1804 when Latreille (Nouv. Dict.) created several genera at its ex- Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL - NEWS. 419 pense. Latreille did not here give any types; he left in Aranea 3 spe- cies (although he did not account for all previous species). Now F. O. P. Cambridge holds (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vol. VII, p. 61) that in mentioning only these three species under Aranea he thereby limits Aranea to them, and the type must be one of these three, instead of any of the numerous species originally under Ara- neus. This interpretation was somewhat warranted by the Interna- tional Congress at Moscow in 1892, but it is not in any way war- ranted by the International Code now, the Boston meeting having distinctly ruled on methods of type-selection; nor is it supported by the Ornithologists’ Code. The listing of species in genera does not in any way affect the selection of type. Any species originally in the genus is eligible as type, or according to some any not already types of other genera. From 1804 till 1810 there was no indication of type, but in 1810 Latreille (in Consid. gener.) gives as type of Aranea—A. domestica, an eligible species. F. O. P. Cambridge held this invalid because A. domestica was not included by Latreille in Aranea in 1804 as one of the three species, but as shown above zoological rules do not accept the mere division of a genus without type-selection as affecting type-selection. Therefore if Araneus is to be used it has as its type A. domestica, and thus would replace Tegenaria, and not Epeira. In 1806 Latreille gave Aranea with Tegenaria and Agelena as syno- nyms but without type-selection. If Latreille in 1804 had mentioned but one species in Aranea it would not be the type, it must be stated to be the type. According to rules the genus Araneus must be used; it cannot be discarded on the grounds given by Thorell and Sundevall. It may be remarked that Lamarck in 1801 cites two species as repre- senting Aranea (one A. domestica) so that he did not fix the type although some consider that where he gives but one species it is type- selection NATHAN BANKs, East Falls Church, Virginia. MicraTIons OF DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA) AND OF ANTS (HyMEN).— Under other cover, I send you a number of dragonflies, apparently of the same species. These with many others, I knocked down with my hat during their migration last evening [Sept. 2, ro1r]. We have a cottage at the end of Cape May, near the new hotel, known as the eastern extension. Between us, the ocean, the thorough- fare and Sewell’s Point there is nothing but a waste of newly filled-in sand and a few cottages; no ponds, pools or depressions. I noticed the first of the flight about 5.45 P. M. in a few stragglers flying near the house, swiftly and in one direction, [which, from a sketch included in Mr. Wolf’s letter was from northeast to southwest, the wind blowing at the time in the opposite direction]. Then they 420 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 came in augmented numbers, until they finally fairly catapulted by in thousands and tens of thousands without interruption until it became too dark any longer to see them. From out-to-out the flight had a width of 486 paces, outside of this there were not even stragglers. Our house seemed to be the very center of the flight. The flies flew near the ground and up as high as they could be dis- tinguished, the greater number at about the level of the roof of our cottage. They moved at high speed and fairly streaked past, so that the eye would take in dozens at a time in looking forward or upward. At first it was difficult to hit any with a hat, but a short half-hour later they came in such great numbers that I struck many of them. It became dark before I picked them up, so missed many, which were blown away during the night. Many others were devoured by ants before I searched the ground this morning. Two of the mutilated I enclose in the package. Prior to the appearance of the dragonflies my son and daughter passed through a flight of ants while on the trolley car on a run to Cape May Point, the other extreme of this settlement. They were of two sizes, small winged ants and others shaped like a wasp, but the size of a “yellow-jacket,” and their flight was over the space from the Point Life-saving Station to the trestle below Cape May proper, a dis- tance of over half a mile. My children report the air full of flying insects, so that passengers on the car were covered with them. The direction of their flight was also against the wind, but in an opposite direction to the later flight of the dragonflies, and probably a mile distant. The swarm was followed by flocks of birds, sparrows, swallows, martins, etc. The observers also stated that the migration seemed distinctly de- fined, and that on the trolley “everything was crawling with them.” The observation was made at about 3.45 to 4 P. M. I do not think that the two flights had any relation to each other. My children brought home no ant specimens——HErMAN T. Wo Fr, Cape May, New Jersey, Sept. 3, 191I. [The dragonflies sent by Mr. Wolf as forming part of the swarm were all Anax junius.Drury, 4 66, 4 9 9.—P. P. Catvert.] Jetty Rarn.—On the morning of Saturday, June 24, the ground here was found to be covered with small masses of jelly about as large as a pea. There had been heavy rain on Friday night, and it was raining at 7 a. m., when, so far as I can ascertain, the phenomenon was first seen. On being examined microscopically, the lumps of jelly turned out to contain numerous ova of some insect, with an ad- vanced embryo in each. The egg itself is very minute—an elongated Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 421 oval 0.04 mm. in length. Yesterday and the day before many larvae emerged, and were obviously those of some species of Chironomus, though colorless, having no haemoglobin, as is the case with the larvae of C. plumosus. Not being an entomologist, I am at loss to under- stand how these egg-masses could have appeared where they did unless they were conveyed by the rain, as it does not seem likely that the midges would have laid their eggs on pavements, gravel paths, tombstones, etc., even had they been wet; nor has any large num- ber of adult insect been seen in the locality. It would be interesting to hear whether the same thing was observed elsewhere, and whether the phenomenon often occurs. Showers of algae, small snails and even frogs have been recorded from time to time, but I cannot recall a like instance to the above—M. D. Hitt, Eton, Bucks, England, June 30 (Nature, July 6, 1o1t.) AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF Economic ENvToMoLocIsTS.—The twenty- fourth annual meeting will be held at Washington, D. C., December 27-29, I91I. Owing to the large attendance that is assured and to the numerous meetings which will be of interest to entomologists, an ar- rangement has been made so that the meetings of related societies will be held with as little conflict as possible. The meeting of the Entomological Society of America will be held on Tuesday, December 26, and on the morning of the following day, December 27. The public lecture before that Society will be held Wed- nesday evening. The first session of the meeting of the Association of Economic En- tomologists will be held Wednesday at 1 P. M. At this time the an- nual address of the President, Prof. F. L. Washburn, of Minnesota, will be delivered and the opening business of the meeting transacted. The meeting will be continued on Thursday, morning and afternoon, and on Friday at 10 A. M. the closing session will be called to order. The meeting of the American Association of Official Horticultural Inspectors will begin Thursday, December 28 at 8 P. M., and the ses- sions will be held Friday afternoon and evening and on Saturday should the length of the program warrant it. An arrangement has been made whereby the December number of the Journal of Economic Entomology will be published earlier in that month than has been the custom in the past so that the members wil! receive it before the time of the meeting. The full program will ap- pear in this issue and further details concerning hotel headquarters and other arrangements. By vote of the Association at one of the recent meetings, members are requested to condense their papers so that the facts can be pre- sented in fifteen minutes. In anticipation that the program will be crowded, it is suggested that members who may desire to submit more 422 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., ror than one paper at the meeting be requested to designate which paper they are most desirous of reading in order that the others may be read by title if the program renders this necessary. President Washburn has suggested that each member who presents a title for a paper be allowed to designate a member to lead the discussion, and it is desired that the name of the leader of the discussion on each paper be placed on the program. Each member who selects a leader to discuss a paper which he presents must make proper arrangements with the member selected. In order that the program may be made up for prompt publication in the Journal all titles of papers to be presented must be in the hands of the Secretary not later than November 10, Igrt. The attendance at the meeting promises to surpass all previous records, the advantages of Washington as an entomological center are unsurpassed and all members or visitors will be most welcome—F. L. Wasueurn, President, St. Anthony Park, Minn. A. F. Burcess, Sec- retary, Melrose Highlands, Mass. BurtrerFLIES OF Montour County, PENNSYLVANIA (LEPID).— Following is a list of the butterflies as far as they have been collected in Montour County. Those marked (*) are listed from the collection of Dr. and Mrs. H. B. Meredith, of the Danville State Hospital for the In- sane. Those marked (7) I have seen but not taken. Basilarchia disippus Neonympha eurytus Anosia plexippus Euptoieta claudia Argynnis idalia Argynnis cybele Argynnis aphrodite Brenthis myrina* Brenthis bellona Melitaea phaeton Phyciodes tharos Grapta interrogationts Grapta interrogationis fabrici* Grapta interrogationis umbrosa Grapta comma dryas* Grapta comma harrisi* Grapta progne Vanessa j-album Vanessa antiopa Pyrameis atalanta Pyrameis huntera Pyrameis cardui* Basilarchia astyanax Basilarchia arthemis lamina} Basilarchia arthemis proserpina Neonympha sosybius* Satyrus alope Satyrus alope nephele Thecla melinus* Thecla calanus Thecla liparops Feniseca tarquinius Chrysophanus hypophlaeas Lycaena pseudargiolus Lycaena pseudargiolus marginata* Lycaena pseudargiolus violacea* Lycaena pseudargiolus neglecta* Lycaena comyntas Lycaena scudderi* Pieris protodice Pieris napi* Pieris rapae Colias philodice Terias nicippe Terias lisa Papilio turnus Vol. xxii] Papilio turnus glaucus Papilio cresphontes} Papilio asterias Papilio troilus Papilio philenor Epargyreus tityrus Thorybes pylades Thorybes bathyllus* Achalarus lycidas Hesperia tesselata ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 423 Thanaos lucilius* Thanaos martialis Ancyloxypha numitor Erynnis leonardus Thymelicus brettus* (?) Atalopedes huron* Polites peckius Limochores taumus Euphyes verna Atrytone cabulon Pholisora catullus Thanaos brizo Pamphila otho egeremet Rev. J. C. Stamm, Danville, Pa. Mr. A. F. Porter, of Decorah, Iowa, and Mr. John M. Geddes, of Williamsport, Pa. have joined forces for an entomological collecting expedition to the Antilles and British Guiana. They are both very enthusiastic men and are looking forward to a successful trip. They will devote most of their time to Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. Entomological Literature. COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), excluding Arachnida and Myriapoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how- ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in Heavy-Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published, and are all dated the current year unless otherwise noted. This (*) following a record, denotes that the paper in question contains description of a new North American form. For record of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. 3—The American Naturalist. 4—The Canadian Entomologist. 5—Psyche, Cambridge, Mass. 6—Journal, New York Entomologi- cal Society. 7—U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of En- tomology. 8—The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, London. 9—The Entomologist, London. 10—Nature, London. 11—Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London. 18—Ottawa Naturalist. 22—-Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig. 28—Archives d’Anatomie Mi- croscopique. Paris. 35—Annales, Societe Entomologique de Belgique. 424 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 37—Le Naturaliste Canadien, Quebec. 40—Societas Entomologica, Zurich. 42—Journal, Linnean Society, Zoology, London. 45— Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 49—Annales_historico- naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest. 50—Proceedings, U. S. National Museum. 59—Sitzungsberichte, Gesellschaft der naturforschenden Freunde, Berlin. 68—Science, New York. 73— Archives, Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, Paris. 79— La Nature, Paris. 84—Entomologische Rundschau. 86—Annales, Societe Entomologique de France, Paris. 89—Zoologische Jahr- bucher, Jena. 92—Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Insektenbiolo- eie. 97—Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Leipzig. 105— Videnskabelige Meddeleser, Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjoben- haven. 119—Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin. 128—Proceed- ings, Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sidney. 152—California Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley. 160—Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, Leipzig. 166—Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, Guben. 169— “Redia,” R. Stazione di entomologia Agraria in Firenze. 179— Journal of Economic Entomology. 180—Annals, Entomological Society of America. 186—Journal of Economic Biology, London. 189—Pomona Journal of Entomology, Claremont, Cala. 191— Natur, Munchen. 1983—Entomologische Blatter, Nurnberg. 208— Soletin, Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Madrid. 211— Popular Science Monthly, Lancaster, Pa. 216—Entomologische Zeitschrift, Stuttgart. 226—Transactions, Academy of Sciences ol St. Louis. 230—Revista, Museo de la Plata, Buenos Aires. 234— Records, Indian Museum, Calcutta. 236—Boletin, Sociedad Aragonesa de Ciencias Naturales, Zaragoza. 288—Anales, Socie- dad Cientifica Argentina, Buenos Aires. 289—Annales, Biologie Lacustre, Brussels. 240—Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono. 248—Yearbook, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 2%7—Victorian Naturalist, Melbourne. 278—Annales, So- ciete Zoologique Suisse et du Museum d’Histoire de Geneve, Revue Suisse de Zoologie. 280—Annals Transvaal Museum, Pretoria. 281—Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, University of Liverpool, Series T. M. 286—Archiv fur Mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte, Bonn. 305—Deutsche Entomologis- che National-Bibliothek, Berlin. 818—Bulletin of Entomological Research, London. 824—Journal of Animal Behavior, Cambridge, Mass. 882—Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sci- ences, Los Angeles. 886—Board of Agriculture, Trinidad. 340— Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology. 341— Archiv fur Rassen-u Gesellschafts-Biologie, Leipzig. 342—Penn- sylvania Health Bulletin, Harrisburg. 343—Festschrift des Vereins Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 42 on fur Naturkunde zu Cassel. 344—U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 345—Mittheilungen der Gesellschaft der Natur- forscher in Kiew. 846—Fauna Exotica, Mitteilungen aus dem Gebiete der exotischen Insektenwelt, Frankfurt am Main. 347— Reports of the Local Government Board on Public Health and Medical Subjects (new series), London. GENERAL SUBJECT. Anon.—Recent publications of econom- ic entomology, 10, 1911, 230-231. Cockerell, T. D. A—Some sug- gested rules to govern entomological publications, 180, iv, 192-193. Cook, A. J—Three alarming insect pests, 189, iii, 576-577. Doane, R. W.—Annotated list of the literature on insects and disease for the year 1910, 179, iv, 386-398. Emery, C—Instrument pour mes- urer exactment les parties des insects, 35, 1911, 211-212. Essig, O. E.—The natural enemies of the citrus mealy bug IV, 189, iii, 518- 522. Girault, A. A——Hosts of insect egg-parasites in No. and So. America, 5, 1911, 146-153. Goldi, E. A—Das die staatenbildung bei den insekten regulierende naturgesetz. 278, 1911, 235-252. Guppy, P. L.—Insect notes for the year 1910-1911. 386, Circ. No. 3, 1-14. Heath, E. F.—Collecting notes from Cartwright, Manitoba, 4, 1911, 327. Hewitt, C. G—The preparation of a catalogue of the insects of Canada, 4, 1911, 273-275. The preparation of a catalogue of the insects of Canada, 18, 1911, 83-86. Hollande, A. C.—L’ autohemorrhee ou le rejet du sang chez les insectes (Toxicolo- gie du sang), 28, xiii, 171-318. Howard & Fiske—The importation into the U. S. of the parasites of the gipsy moth and the brown- tail moth, 7, Bull. No. 91, 312 pp. Jousset de Bellesme, Dr.—L’avia- tion et les insectes, 79, 1911, 276-281. Kapzov, $S—Untersuchungen ueber den feineren bau der Cuticula bei insekten, 79, 1911, 296-337. Maxwell-Lefroy, H.—Nomenclature of economic insects, 186, vi, 97-102. Meek, C. F. V.—The spermatogenesis of Stenobothrus viri- dulus; with special reference to the heterotropic chromosome as a sex determinant in grasshoppers, 42, xxxii, 1-21. Morgan, A. C.—In- sect enemies of tobacco in the U. S., 248, 1910, 281-296. Muttkow- ski, R. A—The composition of taxonomic papers, 180, iv, 194-217. Quayle, H. J.—Citrus fruit insects, 152, Bull. No. 214. Rosen- feld, A. H.—Insects and spiders in Spanish moss, 179, iv, 389-409. Schulz, H.—Verzeichniss von Zooceciden aus dem Regierungs- Bezirk Cassel und angrenzenden’ gebieten, 848, 1911, 96-194. Stewart, A. M.—Some notes on melanism, 9, 1911, 243-245. Unzic- ker, R.—Eine entomologische sammelreise nach Kansas, 346, 1911, 1-6. Urich, F. W.—Miscellaneous notes, 3386, Circ. No. 3, 15-25. Verson, E.—Zur kenntnis der drusenzellen (sogenannter innerer secretion), welche in den blutlacunen der insekten vorkommen, 22, 426 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 1911, 295-301. Wilson E. B.—The sex chromosomes, 286, 1911, 249- 271. APTERA & NEUROPTERA. Buffa, P.—Studi intorno al ciclo partenogenetico dell’ Heliotrips haemorrhoidalis, 169, vii, 71-111. Morgan, A. H.—May-flies of Fall Creek (N. Y). 180, iv, 93-126 (*). Tillyard, R. J—On some experiments with dragon fly larvae, 128, 1910, 666-676. Ussing, H.—Biologiske og faunistiske iagttagelser over danske slorvinger (Plecoptera), 105, 1910, 219-226. Wesen- berg-Lund, C.—Ueber die biologie der Phryganea grandis und uber die mechanik ihres gehausebaues, 160, iv, 65-90. ORTHOPTERA. Anon.—A locustid injurious to man, 313, ii, 180. Griffini, A.—Le specie del genere Hyperbaenus, Studio monografico, 169, vii, 187-203. Hardy, A. D.—The stinging of Gryl- lotalpa coarctata by Diamma bicolor, 277, 1911, 33-38. Meek, C. F. U.—The spermatogenesis of Stenobothrus viridulus; with special reference to the heterotropic chromosome asa sex determin- ant in grasshoppers, 42, xxxii, 1-21. Meissner, O.—Biologische beobachtungen an Dixippus morosus, 216, xxv, 76-79, 81-82, 88-91, 95-96, 101-103, 115-116, 119-120, 125-126, 146-151, 130-131, 137-139, 141-144, 146-151 (Continued). Einige beispiele von der lebenszah- igkeit von Dixippus morosus, 40, 1911, 29-30. Regen, J.—Re- generation der vorderflugel und des tonapparates bei Gryllus cam- pestris, 22, 1911, 158-159. Severin & Severin—The mechanism in the hatching of the walking stick (Diapheromera fermorata), 180, iv, 187-190. Shelford, R—Descriptions of some n. spp. of Blattidae, 11, viii, 1-13. Preliminary diagnoses of some n. g. of Blattidae, 8, 1911, 154-156. Walker, E. M.—On the habits and stridulation of Idionotus brevipes, and other notes on Orthoptera, 4, 1911, 303- 304. HEMIPTERA. Barber, H. G.—(The resurrection of Thyanta calceata from synonymy). Pyrrhocoris apterus in the U. S., 6, 1911, 108-112. Bergroth, E—A new genus of Reduviidae, 5, 1911, 144-145. Zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Arminen, 38, 1911, 117- 130. Bethune, C. J. S—Predaceous bugs, 4, 1911, 320. Blot, M.— La cigale americaine, 79, 1911, 95-96. Bugnion, E.—Les pieces buccales des hemipteres (pt. 1), 78, vii, 643-674. Davis, W. T.— Noteworthy hemiptera collected on Long Island, N. Y., 6, 1911, 112-113. Distant, W. L.—New genera and species of Cicadulidae, 11, viii, 132-137. A new species of Cicadidae, 189, iii, 567 (*). Ehrhorn, E. M.—New coccidae with notes on other species, 4, 1911, 275-280 (*). Essig, E. O.—Aphididae of Southern California, VII, 189, ili, 523-527 (*). Gillette, C. P—Plant louse notes, family Aphididae, 179, iv, 381-385. Horvath, G—Deux genres nouveaux et deux especes nouvelles des Polyctenides, 49, viii, 571-574. Mercet, Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 427 R. G.—Notas de entomologia aplicada, Los calcididos parasitos de Coccidos, 208, 1911, 262-266. Patch, E. M.—Macrosiphum de- structor and solanifolii, 240, Bull. No. 190. Severin & Severin— Habits of Belostoma flumineum and Nepa apiculta, with observa- tions on other closely related aquatic hemiptera, 6, 1911, 99-108. Stebbing, E. P.—On the life-history of Chermes himalayensis, on the spruce and silver fir, 340, xi, 99-124. Teodoro, G.—Le glandile ceripare della femmina della Pulvinaria Camelicola, 169, vii, 172- 182. LEPIDOPTERA. Barger, A——Das sammeln der raupen und ihre weiterzucht aus der gruppe der Sesiidae, 84, 1911, 129-131, Barnes & McDunnough.—On Cea immacula and allied species, 4, 1911, 318-320 (*). Additional n. spp. of No. Am. Lepidoptera, 6, 1911, 81-85 (*). Bastelberger, Dr.—Neue Geometriden aus meiner sammlung, 166, 1911, 148-150. Bird, H.—On Xanthoecia buffaloen- sis and Papaipema lalia, 6, 1911, 88-90. Burgess, A. F.—lLocomo- tion of the larva of Calosoma sycophanta, 180, iv, 173-180. Codina, A.—Sobre “Pieris brassica” y su parasito “Microgaster glomeratus,” 236, 1911, 109-113. Comstock, W. P.—On the identity of Thecla muiri, 6, 1911, 86-87. Deegener, Dr.—Bau und funktion des duftorgans von Hepialus hecta, 216, xxv, 97-101. Dixey, F. A.—The scents of butterflies, 10, 1911, 164-168. Druce, H.—De- scription of some n. spp. of Heterocera, chiefly from tropical S. America, 11, viii, 138-150. Eckstein, K.—Beitrage zur kenntnis des kiefernspinners Lasiocampa (Gastropacha, Dendrolimus) pini, 89, xxxi, 59-64. Edelsten, H. M.—Notes on the early stages of Nonagria neurica in Sussex, 8, 1911, 206-207. Fassl, A. H.—Das (female) von Agrias amydon und eine neue (male) form, 40, 1911, 27. Jugendzustande tropischer tagfalter, 40, xxvi, 34-35. Federley, H.—Vererbungsstudien an der Lepidopteren-gattung Pygaera, 341, 1911, 281-338. Fernald H. T.—The cotton worm in Massachusetts, 68, 1911, 488. Giacomelli, E.—Observaciones y notas sobre el Euryades duponcheli, 238, Ixx, 436-443. Gibson, A.—Popular ento- mology. The luna moth, 18, 1911, 81-83. Grinnell, F., Jr—Notes on the mimicry of two Sesiids; Sesia rutilans and S. animosa, 382, x, 67-68. Hampson, G. F.—Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, X, 829 pp. McDunnough, J.—Peculiar habits of a Hepialid moth, with some remarks on the synonymy of same, 4, 1911, 289-292. Michael, O.—Lebensweise und gewohn- heiten der Morpho des Amazonas-gebietes, 346, 1911, 10-12 (cont.). Pearsall, R. F—Another sp. of Pero., 6, 1911, 90-92 (*). Popenoe, C. H.—The indian-meal moth and “weevil-cut” peanuts (Plodia interpunctella), 7, Circ. No. 142. Pospjelow, W.—Die postembryon- ale entwicklung und die imaginale diapause bei den lepidapteren 428 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 (Russian), 345, xxi, 163-418. .Rau, P.—Sexual selection experiments in the Cecropia moth. Further observations on copulation and oviposition in Samia cecropia, 226, xx, 275-319. Reiff, U.—Experi- mente an uberwinternden lepidoptera-puppen, 92, 1911, 156-159. Schaus, W.—New species of Heterocera from Costa Rica, IX, 11, viii, 90-117, 208-231. Smith J. B.—Noctuidae of California III, (Pantheinae, Raphia and Acronycta), 189, ili, 558-567. Sokolar, F.—Carabologie und Lepidopterologie, 216, 1911, 134-136. Traut- mann, W.—Toten der schmetterlinge durch chloroform, 116, v, 99-100. Werson, E.—Ueber die versonsche zelle der autoren in den hodenfachern der lepidopteren, 22, 1911, 81-84. Walsingham, Lord —RBiologia Centrali-Americana Lepidoptera Heterocera, Vol. IV, (pp. 79-80, pl. ii). Webster, R. L.—Notes on the pear-slug (Erio- campoides limacina), 180, iv, 181-186. Weymer, G.—Gattung Eup- tychia. Die grossschmetterlinge der erde. Fauna americana, Lief 24 (pp. 193-224). Winn, A. F.—Feniseca tarquinius in November, 18,1911, 100. Wolff-Bischheim, P.—Ueber hitze—und kalteversuche mit schmetterlingspuppen, 191, 1911, 321-324. Wolley, Dod, F. H.— Further notes on Alberta,Lepidoptera, 4, 1911, 321-327 (cont.). DIPTERA. Alcock, A.—Remarks on the classification of the Culicidae, with particular reference to the constitution of the genus Anopheles, 11, vii, 240-250. Alexander, C. P.—New Tipulidae, 4, 1911, 286-288 (*). Brown, J. M.—Some points in the anatomy of the larva of Tipula maxima. A contribution to our knowledge of the respiration and circulation in insects, 340, xi, 125-135. Brunetti, E.—Taxonomic values in Culicidae, 234, iv, 53-58. Dahl,. F.— Wieder eine flohahnliche fliege, 22, 1911, 212-221. Dixon, S. G.— The common fly, how it develops, why it must be destroyed and how to destroy it, 8342, No. 23. Edwards, F. W.—On the Culicid genus Eretniapodites, 11, viii, 67-73. On the so-called new Tipulid subframily Ceratocheilinae, 11, viii, 279-283. Enderlein, G.—Einige neue gattungen und arten aussereuropaischer Chloropinen, 22, XXXVill, 122-126. Klassifikation der Oscinosominen, 59, 1911, 185- 244. Eysell, A.—Das schlupfen der stechmucke, 348, 1911, 320-332. Gerhard, W. P.—What farmers can do to assist in the campaign against flies and mosquitoes. Country Gentlemen, reprint, 14 pp. Graham, W. M.—The photography of Diptera, 318, ii, 153-160. Hamilton, J. S—The relation between game and tsetse-flies, 313, ii, 113-118. Hendel, F.—Die arten der Dipteren-subfamilie Richardi- inae, 45, 1911, 239-270 (cont). Hine, J. S.—Robberflies of the genera Promachus and Proctacanthus, 180, iv, 153-172 (*). Howard, L. O.—House flies, 384, Farmers’ Bull. 459. James, S. P—A new arrangement of the Indian Anophelinae, 284, iv, 95-109. Lamb, C. G—The habitat of Eristalis aeneus. A case of antennal tera- Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 429 tology in the Diptera, 8, 1911, 215-217. Merriman, Austen, Nicoll & Graham-Smith—Further reports (No. 4) on flies as carriers of infection, 347, No. 53, 48 pp. Moiser, B.—Descriptions of haunts of Glossina tachinoides in Bornu Province, Northern Nigeria, 313, ii, 119-126. Newstead, R.—On the genital armature of the males of Glossina medicorum and G. tabaniformis, 318, 11, 107-110. Newstead & Carter—On a n. g. of Culicinae from the Amazon region, 281, iv, 553-556. Ricardo, G—A revision of the species of Tabanus from the Oriental region, including notes on species from surrounding countries, 234, iv, 111-258. Strickland, E. H.— A new mosquito from Paraguay, 9, 1911, 268-269. Thompson, W. R.—Tachinidae, new and old, 4, 1911, 265-272, 313-317 (cont.), (*). Townsend, C. H. T.—Announcement of further results secured in the study of Muscoid flies, 180, iv, 127-152. Vimmer, A.—Ueber die metamorphose von Aricia laeta, nebst enigen bemerkungen uber die Diptera-Larven und Puppen, 40, 1911, 41-45. Washburn, F. F.—The typhoid fly on the Minnesota iron range, 211, 1911, 137-150. COLEOPTERA. Arrow, G. J.—Notes on the coleopterous subfamily Dynastinae, with descriptions of n. g. and sp., 11, viii, 151-176. Barnes & McDunnough.—Notes on two sp. of Apantesis, 4, 1911, 257-259. Bayford, E. G—Electric light as an attraction for beetles and other insects, 8, 1911, 157-159. _Brocher, F.—Re- cherches sur la respiration des insectes aquatiques adultes. Les Haemonia, 239, v, 5-26. Bruch, C.—Catalogo sistematico de los Coleopteros de la Republica Argentina, 230, xvii, 143-260. Casey, T. L.—Memoirs of the Coleoptera, ii, 1911, 259 pp. Pub. by The New Era Publishing Co., Lancaster, Pa. (*). Chatanay, J.— Sur le tarse des Dytiscides. Essai de morphologie comparee, 86, 1910, 395-466. Von Dalla Torre, K. W.—Coleopterorum catalogus, Pars 33; Nosodendridae, Byrrhidae, Dermestidae, 96 pp. Gahan, C. J—On some recent attempts to classify the Coleoptera in ac- cordance with their phylogeny, 9, 1911, 245-248 (cont.). Gerhardt, J.—Beitrage zum sexus der kafer, 45, 1911, 338-340. Horn, W.— Drei neue sudamerikanische Ctenostoma-arten, 198, vii, 152-155. Howard, A B.—On the light organ of fire-flies, 280, 1911, 58-62. Kolbe, H.—Ein neuer hygrophiler russel-kafer aus Argentinien, 45, 1911, 315-317. Kuhnt & Ritsema.—Coleopterorum catalogus. Pars 34; Erotylidae, Helotidae, 106 pp. Lewis, G—On n. sp. of Histeridae and notices of others, 11, viii, 73-90. Netolitzky, F.— Die parameren und das system der Adephaga, 45, 1911, 271-283. Nusslin, O.—Phylogenie und system der borkenkafer, 92, 1911, 145- 156. Pic, M.—Plusieurs nouveaux coleopteres de la Republique Argentine, 230, xvii, 108-110. Prell, H.—Beitrage zur kenntnis der 430 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Dynastinen, 85, 1911, 198-210. Ramme, W.—Die bedeutung des proventriculus bei Coleopteren und Orthopten, 22, 1911, 333-336. Reinberger.—Zur praparation der kafer, 166, 1911, 113-114. Rudow, Dr.—Einige missbildungen an kafern, 166, 1911, 111. Rungius, H. —Der darmkanal (der imago und larva) von Dytiscus marginalis, 97, 1911, 179-287. Schaeffer, C——New coleoptera and miscellaneous notes, 6, 1911, 113-126 (*). Scholz, EF. R:—Die mechanik des schnellapparates der Elateriden, 305, 1911, 101-103, 107-111. Sharp & Champion—Biologia Centrali-Americana, Rhynchophora, Cole- optera Vol. IV, part 3, (p. 169-240, pls. vii-ix). Sokolar, Fr.—Cara- bologie und Lepidopterologie, 216, 1911, 134-136. Waterhous, C. O. —Description of a n. g. of the Coleopterous family Buprestidae, (Ditriaena for Sphenoptera purpurascens), 11, viii, 272-273. Weber, L.—Beitrag zum bau der copulationsorgane der mannlichen Staphyliniden, 348, 1911, 284-313. Weise, J—Coleopterorum cata- logus, Pars. 35: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae, 94 pp. HYMENOPTERA. Anon.—Bembex preying upon Tabanidae, 313, ii, 182. Anon.—Le retour au nid chez les fourmis, 37, xxxviii, 29-31. Allard, H. A~-Some experimental observations concerning the behavior of various bees in their visits to cotton blossoms, 8, xlv, 607-622. Brauns, H.—Biologisches ueber sudafrikanische hymenopteren, 22, 1911, 117-120 (cont.). Cameron, P.—A n. sp. of Macrojoppa from Truckee Pass, California, 40, xxvi, 35 (*). Cock- erell, T. D. AA—-A new Psenid wasp from Peru, 4, 1911, 272. A list of the bees of the genus Perdita, 5, 1911, 134-143. Descrip- tions and records of bees—X XXVIII, 11, viii, 283-290. Codina, A.—Sobre “Pieris brassica” y su parasito “Microgaster glome- ratus,” 286, 1911, 109-113. Davidson, A—The bumble bees of Los Angeles, 322, x, 66. Ducke, A.—Reévision des guepes sociales poly- games d’Amerique, 49, viii, 449-544. .Emery, C.—Fragments Myrmecologiques, 35, 1911, 213-225. Forel, A—-Ameisen des Herrn V. Ihering aus Brasilien nebst einigen anderen aus Sudamerika und Afrika, 45, 1911, 285-312. Girault, A. A—A n. sp. of the Scelionid genus Acoloides, 4, 1911, 292-294. The occurrence of the Mymarid genus Mymar in No. Am., 6, 1911, 92-96. New Chalcidoid genera and species from Paraguay, 89, 1911, 376-406. Hardy, A. D.— The stinging of Gryllotalpa coarctata by Diamma bicolor, 277, 1911, 33-38. Hewitt, C. G—On Coleopisthia nematicida, a chalcid parasite of the large larch sawfly, Lygaeonematus erichsoni, 4, 1911, 297-303. Von Ihering, H.—Phylogenie der honigbienen, 22, 1911, 129-136. Macgillivray, A. D.—New species of Empria. I— Eastern species, 4, 1911, 305-311 (*), cont.). Muller, M—Hymen- opteren in Lipara-gallen, mit besonderer berucksichtigung der raubwespen Cemonus, 84, 1911, 105-107, 113-114. Prell, H—Biolo- Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 431 gische beobachtungen an termiten und ameisen, 22, 1911, 243-253. Von Rabe, F.—Zur lebensweise des Velleius dilatatus, 1938, vii, 149-152. Rohwer, S. A—Two new names of sphecoid wasps, 5, 1911, 153-155. Santsch, F.—Observations et remarques critiques sur le mecanisme de l’orientation chez les Fourmis, 278, 1911, 303- 338. Strand, E—Neue arten der Chalcididengattungen Epistenia, Aepocerus und Podagrion, 119, 1911, 153-159. Neue exotische Chalcididen der gattungen Lycisca, Dirhinus und Hontalia, 40, 1911, 25-27. Neue exotische Chalgididen der gattungen Phasgonophora, Heptasmicra, Anacryptus, Antrocephalus, Aperilampus & Chryse- ida, 346, 1911, 6-8, 9-10. Turner, C. H—Notes on the behavior of a parasitic bee of the family Stelidae, 324, i, 374-392. Viereck, H. L.— Descriptions of one n. g. and three n. spp. of Ichneumon flies, 50, Ixi, 293-295 (*). Wheeler, W. M.—A. new Camponotus from California, 6, 1911, 96-98 (*). Zavattari, E—Beitrage zur kenntnis der Hymenopterenfauna von Paraguay—VIII, Eumeneidae, 89, XXXi, 39-58. TAXONOMY oF FAMiIty NAMEs.—In the Annals of the National Mu- seum of Hungary, volume IX, Dr. Horvath has recently published a paper on the Nomenclature of the Families of the Hemiptera which is of the highest importance, not only to the Hemipterist but to all stu- dents of taxonomy. It is the most sane and logical discussion of this subject which has yet appeared and should go far toward offsetting the revolutionary changes made by such extremists as the late Mr. Kirkaldy and his followers. Dr. Horvath takes the stand that we must follow priority in the names of the families as well as in that of the Zroups of lower value, and in this I believe he is absolutely correct. T have long advocated this in my correspondence and hinted at it in my review of the Kirkaldy Catalogue of the Pentatomidae (ENTOMOLOGICAL News, for March, roto, p. 141), where I say that “the family and tribal names should be formed from the ‘type genus,’ which I take to mean the genus considered most characteristic by the founder of the family.” I can see no reason why a family name so formed should not always be used for the group of genera related to the “type genus” no matter what changes may be made in the limits of such family. It seems to me this is the only way to prevent our whole family nomenclature from falling into inextricable confusion. In this paper Dr. Horvath gives us a chronological bibliography of each family name in the Hemiptera, throwing out all that are not Latin, and it is encouraging to note that in this order nearly all our old familiar family names will stand. I believe the same conditions would prevail in nearly all orders if this rule is adopted by the next 432 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., 1911 Zoological Congress in the form in which it was presented by Dr. Horvath to the Congress of 1910. By Dr. Horvath’s plan the following controverted family names in the Hemiptera will stand in the form in which we have long known them: Plataspide, Cydnide, Pentatomide, Pyrrhocoride, Lygeide, Berytide, Phymatide, Cimicide, Anthocoride, Capside, Hebridz, Mononychide, Jasside, Cercopide, Delphacide, Flatide, Psyllide. In common with most European entomologists, Dr. Horvath has followed Latreille in placing Salda Fabr. as a synonym of Acanthia Fabr. I claim that Fabricius had the right to limit his own genus Acanthia to Cimex lectularius Linn, and its allies and to establish his genus Salda for the littoral species, and consequently I still use the names Salda and Saldidae in place of Acanthia and Acanthiidae, but in all other cases I most heartily endorse Horvath’s nomenclature. The Doctor has made an error in crediting me with being probably the first to use the name Thyreocoride for Cydnide. The fact is I have never used this name in that sense but only in place of Corime- lenidz which I still consider a distinct family, or at least subfamily. If merged with the Cydnide it must fall as a synonym—E. P. Van DuzteE, Buffalo, N. Y. THE ReEpucrion oF Domestic Mosourrors.—Instructions for the Use of Municipalities, Town Councils, Mealth Officers, Sanitary In- spectors and Residents in Warm Climates, by Edward Halford Ross, with illustrations, P. Blakiston’s Son & Co., Philadelphia. Price $1.75 net. This is a well printed and illustrated work of 114 pages on a timely topic. The “common domestic mosquitoes” treated are Stegomyia calopus and Culex fatigans but, so far as preventive treatment goes, they serve to illustrate practically all methods. A general review of the relation of mosquitoes to man in the various parts of the world is given and also the life habits of the “domestic mosquitoes.” The literature of the mosquito in relation to disease has grown very extensive but the author of this work has happily selected the material necessary for the practical elucidation of the sub- ject. Many figures and other data are given in regard to the cost of prevention and the saving thereby in annoyance and sickness. This work will be very useful and valuable to the persons whom it is intended to aid. There is no reason at the present time why people should suffer the terrible annoyance and disease caused by these insects, unless it be in extensive areas like our New Jersey coast, where the present preventive methods make the cost of the necessary work prohibitive.—H. S. EXCHANGES. Not Exceeding Three Lines Free to Subscribers. &a@~ These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued Wanted for cash or good exchange, live fertilized females or fertile ova of Versicolor, Pandorus, Achemon and Licolor; can supply fertile ova of hybrid Actias selene, luna, Antherea mylitia and others.—James L. Mitchell, 212 Indiana [rust Building, Indianapolis, Indiana. Wanted addresses of reliaol- collectors or dealers in Florida, Texas, New Mexico and Califoruia for the exchange or purchase of Lepidop- tera.—Carlo Zeimet, 170 William St., New York. Butterflies—[ will name spread North American butterflies. Many rare species for exchange.—Dr. Henry Skinner, Logan Square, Phila- delphia, Penna. information wanted as to some efficient method of completely remov- ing vestiture from the legs of Lepidoptera without injury to spines or spurs.—F. H. Wolley Dod, Millarsville, Alta, Canada. Books—Jardine’s Nat. Hist., 40 vols., ist issue ; Entomologist’s Ann- ual, complete, 20 vols. in original covers, fine sets ; Stephen’s Mandibu- lata, 7 vols. and suppl., and a quantity of Riker mounts for exchange for books on Lepidoptera.—R. C. Williams, 254 S. 13th St., Phila., Pa. Identified specimens of Philippine |-epidoptera to sell at 4% dealers rates. Ioo species, including 10 Papilios, Hestia leuconoe, Ornithoptera nephereus, for $25. A few to exch.—O. B. Burrell, Lamao, Bataan, P. J. Wanted—A copy of Entomological News for January, 1gi0 Will pay liberally for same.—Philip Rau, 4932 Botanical Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Saturnidae—Have always many rare species in papers and live co- coons to exchange for rare American Saturnidae or Parnassiinae.—J. Henry Watson, 70 Ashford Road, Withington, Manchester, England. Notes on certain species of the Saturnidae. [Description of a new spe- cies of Hemileuca from Western Nevada. In answer to numerous en- quiries for reprints of the above 2 papers, I am sorry I have none left, but they may be obtained from Mr. Alan Boyd, The Alton, Altrincham, England, at 25c. post free ; stamps may be sent.—J. Henry Watson. Wanted—All kinds of cocoons and pupae, either for cash or exchange. Also all kinds .of butterflies and moths.—Herman H. Brehme, 74 Thir- teenth Ave., Newark, N. J. For Exchange—350 species of Coleoptera for native or exotic speci- mens new to my collection List on application.—Emil Liljeblad, 1018 Roscoe St., Chicago, IIl. Semiophora tenebrifera, Choephora fungorum and many other desirable species of Nocturnal Lepidoptera offered for exchange.—Fred. Marloff, Oak Station P. O., Allegheny Co., Pa. Lepidoptera—I have for exchange Ca/ocala nubilis, elonympha, gra- cilis, grynea, ultronia, cerogama, tlia and var. uxor, unyuga, cara, antinympha, paleogama, neogama and var. snowtana, piatrix and epione. Desire other Catocalae.—John H. West, 2229 N. Mascher Street, Phila., Pa. Live ova and pinned imagoes of Catocalae chrysalids of Sphinges and Papilios and cocoons and pupae of the Saturnidae and Ceratocampidae for exchange.—-R. R. Rowley, Supt. Schools, Louisiana, Mo Papilios of the world wanted, either by exchange or purchase.—C. F. Groth, 45 Poplar Place, New Rochelle, N. Y. SECOND VOLUME LLL US TRA TIONS Oe DIUKNAL LEPIDUOP ieee WITH DESCRIPTIONS BY ANDREW GRAY WEEKS, JR. IRENE t This second volume contains 37 pages and 21 colored plates by J. Henry Blake, ad. nat., and B. Meisel, lithographer, descrip- tive of 35 species hitherto undescribed or figured, from the Suapure District of Venezuela, with a steel plate frontispiece of William Henry Edwards. The plates are of the same high, artistic order as those of the first volume, for sample of which see the adver- tisement in the NEws for June, IgI11. Vol. 1. $15.00—117 pages, 45 plates, 81 species. Vol. 2. 5.00 Address orders to H. PECK, Agent, 8 ‘Congress Street, Boston, Mass., U. S. A. Or to Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London 1,000 PIN LABELS 25 CENTS! At Your Risk. (Add 10¢ for Registry or Checks) Limit : 25 Characters ; 3 Blank or Printed Lines (12 Characters in Length.) Additional Lines 10c. Characters 1c. per 1,000. In Multiples of 1,000 only : on Heaviest White Ledger Paper---No Border---4-Point Type---About 25 on a Strip---No Trim- ming---One Cut Makes a Label. SEND ME ORDER WITH COPY, FOR ANY KIND OF ARTISTIC PRINTING LARGE OR SMALL. INDEX CARDS, MAPS, SEX-MARKS, LABELS FOR MINERALS, PLANTS, EGGS Etc, IF QUANTITY IS RIGHT, PRICE IS SURE TO BE. Cc. V. BLACKBURN, 77 CENTRAL STREET, STONEHAM, MASSACHUSETTS JUST PUBLISHED The Larger Boreal American Hesperidae, including Eudamus, Erycides, Pyrrhopyge and Megathymus, by Henry Skinner, 41 pp., 1 col. pl. .60 The Boreal American Species of Chlorippe (Doxocopa, Apatura), be! Henry Skinners) 5 ppc ieee le touts aot ee ee eee .I0 New and Little Known Bees, by T. D. A. Cockerell, 25 pp .30 The Gerrids of the Atlantic States (Subfamily Gerrinae), ), by J. R. de la Torre Bueno; Topps wasn ss Fa JES Synonymic and Descriptive Notes on the Chalcidoid Family Tricho- grammatidae, with descriptions of new species, by A. A. Girault, 7 th 0) Ce Meee eee Cee abt ho) een, "..40 A Revision of the Genus Prosopis in North America, Chas. W. Metz. TGA ay 48), QVCO ied uu ; See ae 75 New North Amerean Bombidae, by H. J. Franklin. 13 pp. AED es ay A Price List of Entomological Publications Mailed on Application Address American Entomological Society Publication Department, Logan Square, PHILADELPHIA, PA. When Writing Please Mention ‘“‘Entomological News."’ URNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY _ Official Organ of the Association of Economic Entomologists ate Editor, W.E. Britton, New Haven, Conn., State Entomologist, Conn. ‘s Manager, E. Dwight Sanderson, University of West Virginia, Morgantown, W. Va. only journal devoted exclusively to economic entomology. ustrated issues per year—bimonthly 50 to 100 pages Subscription in U. S., Canada co, $2.00; and in foreign countries, $2.50 per year in advance. Sample copy on request. R NAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, Morgantown, W. Va. _ METAL CASES FOR SCHMITT BOXES bed in “ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS,” page 177, Vol. XV hese cabinets are the best and safest ever designed for the preservation ts. They are used by the leading museums in the United States. Send “our illustrated booklet describing them. 3ROCK BROS., Harvard Square, Cambridge, Mass. “Ps J. HENRY WATSON, 70 Ashford Road, Withington, Manchester, England. of species you would stand no chance to get if you were to come to the Coast for them. Book of Plates is a guide by which to verify species and sex, and to check up the speci- you may receive from the Pacific Coast. The species are all consecutively numbered and named and the sexes indicated, with Index; but no technical or descriptive text. ie ~~ Samples, with further information, furnished students who have not yet seen these Plates. * ‘Size 8xtoin. Nicely bound in red silk cloth. Price $1.50 postpaid. Address the author. W. G. WRIGHT, 445 F STREET, SAN BERNARDINO, CAL. - Published by the Biological Department of Pomona College only entomological journal published on the Pacific Slope. A well-established, high-class terly in its second year, fully illustrated, and devoted to original investigations in economic, ¢€ and taxonomic entomology. Indispensable to working entomologists everywhere. ‘merely nominal, $1.00 to domestic, and $1.25 to foreign postal countries. Separates of any les always availabfe. Address Pomona Journal of Entomology, Claremont, California ets _ When Writing Please Mention ‘‘ Entomological News ” K-S SPECIALTIES ENTOMOLOGY THE KNY-SCHEERER COMPANY ~ Department of Natural Science 404-410 W. 27th St., New York | North American and Exotic Insects of all Orders in Perfect Condition ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES—CATALOGUES GRATIS Ornithoptera victoria regis, New Guinea |b) ENS See ee nn ak ee $45.00 Ornithoptera urvilleanna, salomnensis, New ‘Guifiea.~"PairencA honk 7.50 Papilio bluimei, India. Each............:.0+ 25-4 Papilio laglazai, Toboroi, New Guinea. | Sz Vo) 5 Pines Ere ened) Meee PA ap lo 17.50 Urania croesus, East Africa. Each.....2.50-3.00 | ALlacus. atlas, Nndia ACh icc ensc-tt ace T.0O Ba Metosamia godmani, Mexico. Each...... 3.75 F Cahgulassimia,-lndia.~ -Each),....sccen eee 2 2.00 | Epiphora Bauhiniae, Africa. Pair......... 3.00 ATE ED-ENIPDE & PAM ic tome cot ee aeare 3.50 ee : Nudaurelia ving levi. Pait..ccccccccsseeceeeee 4.00 Urania croesus. Imbrasia epimethed. — Pait..........cccceeeees 450 Please send your list ot Desiderata for Quotation THE KNY-SCHEERER CoO. | DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCE. G. LAGAI, Ph.D., 404 W. 27th Street, New York, N. Y. 23 PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION Gold Medal PARIS EXPOSITION: Eight Awards and Medals ~ ST. LOUIS EXPOSITION: Grand Prize and Gold Medal ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS North American and exotic insects of all orders in perfect condition, Single specimens and collections illustrating mimicry, protective coloration, dimorphism, collections of representatives of the different orders of insects, etc. Series of specimens illustrating insect life, color variation, etc. Metamorphoses of insects. We manufacture all kinds of insect boxes and cases (Schmitt insect boxes Lepidoptera boxes, etc.), cabinets, nets, insects pins, forceps, etc.. Riker specimen mounts at reduced prices. Catalogues and special circulars free on application. Rare insects bought and sold. When Writing Please Mention “Entomological News.” ockhausen. Printer, 53655 N. 7th Street, Philadelphia. ,