y i PLU jun nip MN i ort nr: FUNT n Jn p UV YA ARP Ren i nr fA T" pl TT b ‘ M Niele be (viel hos Man cf te man ips Haven at NERA UL, dtm JURA NUR a JE eo mh E RU, I Ed SP A EPL ptr v nC TU M ne fao TUN I TM PATER AN STREAMS SU ual str | hd. DEN UR TOUR. TE JP A TOT) == EX LIBRIS THE Coorer UNION Museum Library THE GIFT OF Robert W. Chanler Uu in n rs on i VIRO ORNATISSIMO OS Err? BANKS, BARONETTO, REGIA SOCIETATIS LONDINENSIS EXIMIO PRESIDI: PEREGRINATORI CELEBERRIMO, INGENII ACUMINE, LABORUM PATIENTIA, | PHYSICIS PER OMNE JEVUM WEN TENE SECUNDUM HUNC NA JTW REA AV PV ARTI FASCICULUM, D. D. D. GEORGIUS SHAW, FREDERICUS P. NODDER. D TO SIR JOSEPH BANKS, | BARONE T, PRESIDENT OF THE I0 ps0 Cum “OF LONDON: TO WHOSE UNWEARIED LABOURS, | ENLARGED KNOWLEDGE, AND LIBERAL PATRONAGE, THE SCIENCE OF NATURAL HISTORY 15490 HFIGIHdJZY INDE BT Ep, THIS SECOND VOLUME OF THE NATURALISTs MISCELLANY, LS RESPECTRULLY) LENS CRIBED BY GEORGE SHAW, FREDERICK P. NODDER. HOG Me MUS SALIENS. RR d CHARACTER GENERICUS. Dentes primores inferiores fubulati. — Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 79. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Ge. MUS cauda elongata floccofa, femoribus lon- giffimis, digito utrinque fpurio ad pedes pofticos. : CUNICULUS pumilio faliens, cauda anomala longiffima. | Briffon Quadr. 103. JERBOA. E Shaw Itin. 948. | Mira pedum anticorüm et pofteriorum inzqualitate diftinguitur Jerboa: antici enim ita breves funt ut ad progrediendum minime valeant, poftici autem totius corporis longitudini pares funt. Hinc fit ut pedibus folummodo pofterioribus ftet et quiefcat, anticofque ad nullum alium ‘ufum convertat; quam ad attrahendum cibum, culmos nempe cum fpicis tritici, aliafque plantas; aut ad fodiendum cubile fubterraneum. Plerumque more avis incedit, erecta fcilicet cruribus, quz pilis rariffimis veftiuntur, aviumque cruribus funt 2 valde. ; a "E E ar | 3 valde fimilia. Cauda illi pralonga eft, apice fafcicu- lato. Tres vel quatuor exftant Jerboz fpecies, vel faltem conftantes, ut dicuntur, varietates, queeque in PENNAN- vir Hiftoria Quadrupedum, genus diftinétum conftitu- unt; quas vero Linn&us, fub genere Mrs ordinat. Perniciffimze velocitatis funt Jerboze, et ab hofte fal- tibus continuatis longiffimis adeo rapide aufugiunt, ut equo generofo vectus aliquis vix egreque illas affequi poffit. Frigoris funt impatientes, et tempore brumali in domunculis fubterraneis fepultee obdormiunt. Fru- gibus vefcuntur. ln hoc potiffimum differt fpecies de qua jam agitur a communi fpecie, (quae Mus Faculus Linn#1) quod crura paulo fupra pedes digito utrinque Ípurio, longo, velut calcari armantur. Non tantum calidas regiones, Syriam nempe et Barbariam, fed et Sibirie. partes. orlentales, idque frequenter, incolit Jerboa. Moles illi eft quafi magni foricis. d s Robe 8 5 = ^s E 17773 Lillihed tug P42 790 ly SF: FA odder f os. Aus T4 HAPUS co THE SIBIRIAN JERBOA. CLES GENERIC CHARACTER. Two long cutting teeth in each jaw. Fore Legs very fhort: hind legs very long. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Se. JERBOA with a pair of fpurious toes on each hind foot. > SIBIRIAN JERBOA. Pennant Quadr. p. 429. The Jerboa is remarkable for the ftrange difpropor- tion between the length of the foré legs and the hind ones ; the former being fo very fhort as to be of no ufe to the animal in walking, while the latter are fo long as to equal the whole body. In confequence of this pe- © culiar formation, the creature ftands and refts on its hind legs only, and makes no other ufe of the fore legs than to hold its food, and draw down the ftems of wheat and other vegetables on which it feeds, and to Ícratch the ground in order to form its burrows. It has the general actions and attitudes of a bird, and the legs are covered thinly with fhort hair, and very much refemble thofe of birds. The tail is very long and ter- minates in a tuft. Q2 There There are three or four diftin& fpecies, or at leaft permanent varieties of Jerboa, and in the Hiftory of Quadrupeds of Mr. Pennant they conftitute a parti- cular genus ; but Linnus places them as fpecies of the genus Mus. The Jerboas are animals of the moft furprizing fwift- nefs, and on the approach of danger immediately {pring forward by fucceffive leaps, fo very nimbly, that it is faid to be very difficult fora man well mounted to overtake them. ‘They are impatient of cold, and re- main during the winter in a dormant ftate in their bur- rows. They feed on vegetables. The particular fpe- cies here reprefented differs principally from the com- mon Jerboa or Mus Faculus of Linn mug in having the legs furnifhed at a little diftance above the feet with a pair of fpurious toes or fpurs. It is found not only in the warmer regions of Barbary and Syria, but in the Eaftern part of Siberia in confiderable plenty. It is about the fize ofa large rat. PENNATULA PHOSPHOREA. eek ledoboledek bef edetbe tetokO CHARACTER GENERICUS. Flores Hydre, ad marginem denticulatym pin- narum. — | Szirps libera, fubulata, apice pinnata. | Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1321. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, &e. PENNATULA ftirpe carnofa, rachi {cabra, pin- . nis imbricatis. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1322. PENNATULA PHOSPHOREA. Ellis AG. Angl, v. 53. t. 19. £. 1—5. PENNA MARINA. Baubin Hifl. 3. p. 802. Pennatulz genus conftituunt Zoophytorum moven- tium, more pifcis natantium. Forme funt ple- rumque perelegantis. Species quam deícripfimus eft fortaffe vulgatiffima. — Circa littora Britanniz frequens reperitur, et non raro adhzret pifcatorum lineis. Animal conftat corpore, feu velut ftipite paulum com- planato, et inde in ramos laterales numerofos expan- fo, quorum parietes interni in tubulos multos divi- duntur, e quorum apicibus totidem prodeunt velut hydrarum, hydrarum, feu polyporum capitula, cum fuis tentaculis. Totum igitur animal videtur effe hydra ramofa et valde compofita, cujus corpus in ftipite, feu parte nuda con- tinetur, atque in numerofiffimos ramulos utrinque con- tinuatur, fingulo ramulo peculiari fuo capite inftructo, Mirum hoc animal lucem adeo phofphoream emittit, ut pifcatores pifces prope ludentes folo Pennatule lu- mine diftin&e perfpicere poflint, Color ejus vivide ruber eft, et communis magnitudo ut reprefentat ta- bula. | a, Ramulus microfcopio auctus. 4 London, Iubleibed Aug 21% 590 ; et p we ty AP? diii Lh S 5 eS uf uoa v THE PHOSPHORIC PENNATULA, OR S eas Ea -—-—— — — GENERIC CHARACTER. Animal free, or locomotive. Body (generally) expanding into procefles on the upper part. Proceffes or branches furnifhed with rows of tu- bular denticles. Polype-head proceeding from each tube. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Sc. SEA-PEN with flefhy ftem, middle part rough, pinnules imbricated. BRITISH SEA-PEN. . ! Ellis Zoopb. p.61. THE COMMON SEA-PEN. The Pennatule or Sea-Pens form a genus of loco- motive Zoophytes, and fwim in the manner of a fifh. They are in general of a very beautiful appearance. The fpecies here exhibited is the moft common: it is found in confiderable plenty on the Britifh coaíts, and is is drawn up in numbers adhering to the baits of fifh- ermen’s lines. The animal confifts of a fomewhat flattened ftem or body, which is furnifhed with an internal bone, and dilates into an expanded part con- fifting of a great many pinnz or lateral branches, which are divided on their inner edges into a number of tubular proceffes, through each of which is protuded a part of the animal, refembling the head of a hydra or polype: the whole animal therefore may be confidered as a very compound or ramified hydra or polype, the body of which is contained in the naked part or ftem, and from thence ramifies intoa vaft number of proceffes, each furnifhed with its particular head. This curious animal emits a very ftrong phofphoric light; and it is even fo luminous that it is no uncom- mon circumftance for the fifhermen to fee the fiíh which happen to be fwimming near it, merely by the light of the Pennatula. Its colour is a bright red or crimfon, and the general fize that of the figure. 4. One of the pinnz magnified, DIONAA MUSCIPULA. ——O eee eee esate CHARACTER GENERICUS. Perianthium pentaphyllum. Corolla pentapetala. Germen depreflum, crenatum. Stigma patens, fimbriatum. | Cl. Decandria Monogynia. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. DION A foliis ciliatis. ^ nsnm eer iei Carnivoro generi varia eft acquirenda predz ratio. Ab hoc nempe vi corripitur; ab illo venatione fatigatur : alterum venenum lethale morfu inflat, et id omne otio- fum deglutit, cui aufugiendi poteftatem ademerit: eft etiam quod multiplici utitur dolo, incautaque anima- lia in caffes fuos illaqueat. Non tantum animalibus majoribus ineft hzec praedandi cupido, fed et minimis ; praecipueque infectis, quorum plurima interdum vel in fuam fpeciem graviter fzeviunt. Quod vero dictu omnino mirum videatur, funt etiam plante ad infectorum damnum et perniciem nate, que vela vifcofo foliorumaut florum quibus incaute infident, humore implicantur, vel illius partis quam irritabilem nuncupant phyfici, preffura includuntur. Ita fe rem habere certiffime demonftrat fpecies illa Apocyni, | botanicis botanicis nomine Apocyni androfemifolii probe cog- nita: in cujus floribus antherz que profundius intra corollam latent, adeo convergunt, ut fint quafi tegmen nectariis fubjacentibus; quorum in medio manet gutta liquoris dulcis et mellei quo potiffimum delectantur in- fecta. Antherz leviffimo ta&u irritabiles, multo arc- tius inter fe conveniunt; quo fit ut mufca, feu aliud infectum floribus infidens, et probofcidem ad mel exugendum e fundo corollze protendens, antheris irri- tatis et fubito convergentibus irretiatur, mifereque detenta pereat. Eft tamen multo mirabilius exemplum irritationis hujus vegetabilis in planta que in tabula depingitur. Cum enim foliorum fuperficies facillime exafperetur, et fingulum folium ad margines ferie fpinularum feu vallorum cingatur, tactumque, fubito in longitudinem arctiflime convergat; neceffe eft ut quicquid infectum ibi malo fato advenerit, nifi ociffime aufugiat, non fecus ac mus in mufcipula capiatur; plerumque etiam firma et valida preffura occidatur. Irritabiliorem red- dit hanc plantam plenus et meridianus folis calor. America Septentrionali innafcitur, in uliginofis Caro- line locis praecipue reperta. In Angliam circiter vigintiquinque abhinc annos illata eft, et a celeberrimo Exzisto nomine Dionee Mu/cipule defcripta. Quo przcipue confilio infita fit illi mira hac indoles quam jam tractavimus, philofophos omnes hactenus effugit, latebitque, ut credo, pofteros. Magnitudo ejus plerumque eft ut in tabula depicta : nonnullas tamen. ipfe aliquando vidi quibus caulis multo procerior. Numerus ftaminum non femper cer- tus eft, et idem. DION/EA MUSCIPULA, | OR VENUS’s FLY-TRAP. €——— GENERIC CHARACTER. Calyx five-leaved. Corolla five-petaled. Germen depreffed and crenated. Stigma {preading and fimbriated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. DION/JEA with ciliated leaves. Various are the methods by which animals of a car- nivorous nature obtain their deftined prey; fome feizing the victim with refiftlefs violence, or hunting it down till it is exhaufted with fatigue, or inflicting a deadly poifon by their bite, and thus fecuring it beyond all poffibility of efcape, and afterwards {wallowing it at leifure: others exerting every artifice of infidious inge- - nuity, and entrapping the unwary animal into their fnares. It is not only amongft creatures of the larger kind that this predacioüs difpofition prewails, but even throughout many of the fmalleft tribes of nature; and particularly amongft infects, of which feveral kinds might be adduced which occafionally prey even on their own fpecies. What What is ftill more extraordinary, there are not want- ing amongfít vegetables fome inftances, in which the {maller animals meet their fate by alighting on the flowers or leaves; being either held faft by a vifcous exfudation from the furface, or confined by the preffure of the irritable parts of the plant. One of the moft cu- rious initances of this kind is in a fpecies of Apocynum, well known to Botanifts by the name of Apocynum androfemifolium. In the flowers of this plant the an- there, which are fituated pretty deep in the flower, converge, fo as to form a fhelter for the nectaria lying below them, and in the centre of which is contained a {mall quantity of that fweet juice fo peculiarly attrac- tive to infects. The anthere are poffeffed of a very great degree of irritability, and fuddenly converge much clofer on being touched; when therefore a fly, or other {mall infect alights on the flower and inferts its probofcis into the centre, it is fuddenly caught by the converging antherze, and detained in this mi- ferable fituation till it perifhes. But a ftill more wonderful example of vegetable irri- | tability occurs in the plant reprefented on the annexed plate. In this plant the furface of the leaves is irritable in the higheft degree, and each leaf being furnifhed round the edge with a feries of fpiny proceffes, and converging longitudinally when irritated, with a very confiderable dggree of preffure, it follows that whatever infect is fo unfortunate as to alight on the leaf, is, (unlefs it be extremely nimble) caught as effectually. as a moufe in a trap, and is even generally fqueezed to. death by the preffure. The plant is moft irritable du- ring the warm part of the day, and in full funfhine. It It is a native of North America, and is principally found inthe fwampy parts of Carolina, from whence it was introduced into this kingdom about twenty-five years ago, and was defcribed by the late Mr. Errrs by the title of Dionza Mufcipula. What particular purpofe in the Oeconomy of Na- ture is anfwered by the imprifoning power of this extra- ordinary vegetable, it is extremely difficult, and per- haps impoflible to determine. The general fize of the plant is as reprefented in the plate, but I have feen the ftem much taller than in the fpecimen here figured. The number of ftamina is not always conftant. TV Hy 8 Man de Mr = i BUCEROS RHINOCEROS. PIO EEE EEE CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roffrum convexum, curvatum, cultratum, mag- num, extrorfum ferratum ; Frontis calvaria nuda, offeo-gibbofa. Nares pone roftri bafin. Lingua acuta, brevis. Pedes gxelfori. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 153: CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Cc. BUCEROS cornu mandibulari frontis recurvato. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 153. HYDROCORAX INDICUS. Briff. Av. 4. p. 571. Genus Buceros ab aliis omnibus avibus facillime dignofcitur ob roftrum ingens et immodicum; primo fane intuitu, deformitati potius fortuita et enormi, quam conftanti perfectoque Nature artificio fimilius. Cuinam commodo inferviat roftrum hoc inufitatum difficile eft dicere; nec de hac re aliquid conjicere pof- fum prater quod jampridem obfervarunt plurimi .. phyfici; poffe nempe illud ea de caufa dari, ut contra R hoftes hoftes potentiores, fiquando cum illis confligifur, me- lius decertepuem In plerifque hujus generis fpeciebus pars illa fupe- rris maxillz: qua prominet, recta eft: at in fpecie de qua jam loquimur, recurvatur; unde et ipfa avis nomine Abinocerotis diftinguitur. Indiam incolit Ori- entalem, etin infula Java, nec non in Sumatra, in in- fulis etiam Philippenfibus frequenter confpicitur. Carnes putridas fertur comedere, vifceraque animalium incredibili Izetitia deglutire. Magnitudine Meleagridi Gallopavoni LiNN er non longe eft inferior. Colores funt albi nigrique, ut re- preefentat tabula. | Roftrum uncias decem eft longum ; cornuque feu proceffum fuper mandibulam fuperiorem gerit incurvatum, linea longitudinali nigra notatum. Mandibula fuperior ad bafin rubra eft, indeque ad api- cem albo-flavefcens: inferior pallida eft, bafi nigra. A p ale oe : NZ UL Ie THE GREAT HORNBILL, | OR RHINOCEROS.BIRD. DAI IOI ERD GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill convex, large, and bent, with a protube- rance on the upper mandible. Noftrils fmall, and feated behind the bafe of the Z4 Seul. Tongue {mall ? fharp ? Feet formed for walking, viz. three toes forward, one backward. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Sc. BUCEROS with a recurved mandibular horn. HORNED INDIAN RAVEN, or RHINOCE- ROS-BIRD. Will. Ornithol. p. 127. The genus to which this bird belongs, is above all others diftinguifhed by the extraordinary ftructure of the beak, which at firft view has rather the appearance of fome enormous deformity, or irregular monftrofity, than of a natural production. What is the intent of Nature Nature in the formation of this fingular beak, is not yet Clearly inveftigated ; it has been fuppofed, (and not withouta confiderable degree of probability) that the birds of this genus, having fome very powerful enemies, with which they may have occafional conflicts, are provided with this immoderate beak as a defenfive weapon. In moft of the fpecies, the prominent part on the up- per mandible is of a ftraight form; but in the prefent Ípecies it is turned backwards in a moft fingular man- ner; and it is from this circumftance that the bird has obtained its common title of Rhinoceros-bird. It is a native of the Eaft-Indies, and is often found in Suma- tra and Java, and the Philippine Iflands. It is faid to feed on carrion, and to be particularly fond of the en- trails of animals. This bird is not much inferior in fize to a turkey, and its colours are as reprefented in the plate; viz. black and white. The beak is about ten inches long, and the horn or curved procefs on the upper part, is marked by a. longitudinal line of black. The upper mandible is red at the bafe, and of a whitifh yellow/as it approaches the tip. The lower one is of a pale colour, with a black bafe. MANTIS GIGAS. III RIE OPE EEE EES CHARACTER GENERICUS. Capur nutans, maxillofum, palpis inftruétum. Antenne letaceze. Ale quatuor, membranacez, convolute : inferi- ores plicata. | Pedes antici comprelfi, fubtus ferrato-denticulati, armati ungue folitario et digito fetaceo laterali articulato ; po/fiez quatuor, leves, ‘grefforu. Thorax linearis, elongatus, auguftatus. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 689; CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. MANTIS thorace teretiufculo, elytris breviffi-- mis, pedibus fpinofis. Lin. Syfl. Naz. p. 689. Formam magis miram et fingularem quam que huic infecto eft, vix animo poffumus concipere. Quod fi phyficos folos audiremus, nec oculis noftris fides effet, dubitari etiam fortaffe poffet an tale ullud unquam reve- ra extiterit. In infectis hujus claffis, larva, feu animal imperfectum, ab imagine ipfa, feu infecto adulto non multum abludit, nifi quod alis careat, quarum illi (ut phyficorum more loquar) rudimenta tantum funt. In mufzis rariffime confpicitur infectum hoc alatum, | | plenum, plenum, et perfectum ; larvae. quippe folummodo in Europam advehi folitze funt, in queis alarum, ut jam diximus, rudimenta vix ac ne vix confpici poffunt. Iftiusmodi larva communiter bacilli ambulantis nomine cognofcitur. Singulare aliquid huic infecto eft, quodque perpaucis — aliis fui generis contingit, alas nempe non tantum the- cis externis, fed et elytris quafi fecundariis muniri, qua tamen connexa videntur, quaque ipfas fortaffe alas ab injuriis fecuriores reddant. Mirum et rarum hoc infectum Infulam Amboynam inhabitat; ipfumque fpecimen unde depingitur hzc noftra figura, in Mufzo Leveriano tam belle exficca- tum, ut nihil fit perfectius, affervatur, | airs p Sircet- 4 eal ros e AA ty fed rt Py i790 bbe, » [4 Sin of 3 | THE GREAT MANTIS. SHEE ER EEO GENERIC CHARACTER. Head unfteady : Mouth armed with jaws, and furnifhed with palpi. Antenne Yetaceous. | Wings four, membranaceous, convoluted: the lower ones plicated. Feet anterior comprefled, ferrated beneath, armed | with a folitary claw and lateral jointed pro- cefs ; pofferior four, fmooth, formed for walking. | Thorax linear, elongated, and narrowed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. MANTIS with roundifh rough thorax, very fhort elytra, and fpiny feet. Imagination can hardly figure to itfelf a creature of a more fingular appearance than this infect; and had we only received the accounts of authors, without hav- ing feen the animal itfelf, we might be inclined to queftion the truth of its exiftence. ' In infects of this tribe the animal in its incomplete ftate, or that which. is analogous to the caterpillar-ftate in the butterfly- tribe, differs not much from the appearance of the in- fect fect in its complete form, except in not being futnithed with wings. This creature is very rarely met with in collections in its complete or winged form; being. generally feen in the lefs advanced growth before-mentioned, in which the rudiments of the wings are but juft vifible. In that imperfect {tate it has commonly been defcribed under the title of the walking ftick. A moft fingular circumftance in this infect, (and which takes place in but very few others of the genus) is, that, exclufive of the elytra, or wing cafes, there is an additional pair, which may be fuppofed to ferve as a farther guard in fecuring the wings themfelves : this fecondary pair however feem to be connate with the wings themfelves, fo as to make a part of them. — This moft curious and uncommon infect is a native of the Ifland of Amboyna, and the fpecimen from which the figure was taken, is now in the higheft pre- fervation in the Leverian Mufeum. ACARUS AUTUMNALIS. IOI ORE EE? CHARACTER GENERICUS. Pedes octo. Oculi duo, ad latera capitis. Tentacula duo, articulata, pediformia. | Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1022. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. ACARUS globofo-ovatus ruber, abdomine pof- tice fetofo. Omnibus fere nimis notum eft moleftiffimum hoc animalculum, menfibus precipue Augufü et Septem- bris. Acaro vulgari multo minus eft, cutique affixum unguibus, praefertim tentaculis duobus brevibus fupra pedes anteriores fitis, vifu difficillimum eft, nec fine laceratione avelli poteft. Quamvis celeriter currat acarus autumnalis, tardior tamen eft multis ejufdem generis. Cuicunque corporis parti feaffixerit, exoritur ibi tumor magnitudine pifi, cum fumma prurigine. Color huic animalculo eft vivide ruber, et ope mi- croftopii, pars corporis pofterior fetis rigidis albifque veftiri videtur. Roftrum, quod interdum vifibile eft, fepius intra thecam reconditum, tubulatum eft. A fummo capite prodeunt parvula duo fpicula, utrinque extrorfum fpectantia. Difcurrunt hec infecta fuper S vegetabilia, vegetabilia, praecipueque fentiuntur ab illis qui inter gramina et fegetes ambulaverint. Narrat Dominus Wurrz in hiftoria fua de Selborne in agro Hamptonienfi, cretaceas ibi regiones illis adeo infeftari, ut cuniculariorum retia rubro colore tingan- tur, ipfique homines morfu immodico irritati, non raro febricitent. a! De hac acari fpecie filent Linnaus et Fasricrus: curíim et obiter defcribitur in Baxerr libro fecundo de microfcopiis qui et figuram addidit ; quae cum ab exfic- cato infecto delineata fit, vcram fimilitudinem vix fatis exprimit. | Qui ipfiffimum animalculum commodiffime fpectare velit, duobus vitri fruftulis leviter interpofitum in mi. crofcopio examinet. Hoc modo membra omnia facil. lime explicabuntur, fine laceratione aut injuria. ^ 2 > , “ ss Ay, Silt leat Aye xd (Harge y we EX £r. ^ je 2p e 2 7 hot a his Vm Pte LA TDI " THE AUTUMNAL ACARUS, OR HARVEST-BUG. SHIEH e GENERIC CHARACTER. Fight Legs. Two Eyes, fituated on the fides of the head. "Two Teatacula, jointed, and fhaped hke feet. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. RED GLOBOSE-OVATE ACARUS, with the abdomen briflly behind. This troublefome infect will make itfelf fufficiently known to moft people during the months of Auguft and . September: it is much fmaller than a common mite, and can but juft be perceived upon the fkin, to which it adheres by its claws, and particularly by the two fhort arms or tentacula fituated above the upper legs. It can fcarcely be feparated from the {kin without violence, when once it has fixed itfelf: its motion when difengaged is confiderably quick, though by no means equal to that of fome other fpecies of acari. On the part where it fixes, it caufes a tumor, generally about rhe fize of a pea; fometimes much larger, accompanied with a fevere itching. | The The colour of this dimunitive infect is a bright red ; and when microfcopically examined, the lower part of the body appears to be coated with ftiff white briftles. It feems to be provided with a tubular fnout, which is generally concealed or fheathed, but which may fome- times be diftinctly feen. On the top of the head are two little proceffes or fharp implements which turn outwards each way. Thefe infects abound on vegeta- bles, and are generally contracted by walking in gar- dens, amongit long grafs, or corn fields. According to Ma. Wurrs in his Hiftory of Selborne, they abound to an uncommon degree in the chalky dif- tricts of that part of Hampfhire.' He relates that he has been affured that the warreners in the chalky downs, are fo much infefted by them, and that they fwarm to fo infinite a degree as to difcolour their nets, and give them a reddifh caft, whilft the men are fo bitten as to be thrown into fevers. Vid. Hift. Selb. p. 89. Ít is a fpecies which feem to have efcaped the notice of fyftematic Naturalifts ; and is not to be found either in LixN us or Fasricius. A flight general defcrip.. tion of it is given in Baxer’s Employment for the Mi- crofcope, accompanied by a figure; but as the figure was evidently taken from a dried fpecimen, it gives but a very imperfect idea of the animal. The only way of viewing it to advantage is to place it on a piece of glafs and to lay another piece of glafs immediately upon it, by which means it will be juft fo much comprefled as to expand all its limbs without be- ing injured ; in this fituation it may be viewed, efpeci- ally by a compound microfcope, to the greateft poffible advantage. PICUS MINIMUS. ee i i eR i Behe D> CHARA C TER. GENERICUS. Roftrum polyedrum, rectum} apice cuneato. Nares pennis fetaceis recumbentibus obtectz. Lingua textes, luimbriciformis, longiffima, mucro- hata, apice retrorfum aculeata fetis. Pedes {canforii. | Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 173. CHARACTER. SPECIFICUS. PICUS grifeus, vertice coccineo, occipite nigro albo punétato. Species Picorum plurima: exftant; fed omnium fpecierum hactenus cognitarum hzc facile minima. Tabula fiftit aviculam magnitudine naturali, Caya- nam in America Auftrali incolit. THE. LEAST WOODPECKER. Soliebiotek hag Ae EES GENERIC CHARACTER, © Bill angular, flrait, cuneated at the tip. Noftrils covered with refleéted briftly feathers. Tongue cylindric, worm-fhaped, very long, fharp- pointed, and (generally) aculeated at the tip with reflex briftles. Feet formed for climbing, viz. two toes forward and two backward. E | Lin. Syf. Nat. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Ge. | CHESNUT-GREY WOODPECKER, with the top of the head crimfon, and the back part black fpeckled with white. Dem Le tres petit PIC DE. CAYENNE. | Buff Ojf 7. p. g7- MINUTE WOODPECKER. Latb Synopf. vol. 1. p. 596. _ The fpecies of Woodpeckers are very numerous ; and of all the fpecies yet difcovered, this is by far the leaft. ‘The plate reprefents it in its natural fize. It is a native of Cayenne in South America. 44. SN Aondon, ahead Que? 1lipyo, AR c SS *eoatee Mu Preven reet 1 : PLACERTA SALAMANDRA, - e» dototetotetetetojeltegetotetetetetetetetstetete dec CHARACTER GENERICUS, Corpus tetrapodum, ecaudatum, nudum. Lin, Syft. Nat. p..359- CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Se. LACERTA cauda tereti brevi, pedibus muticis, palmis tetradactylis, corpore porofo nudo. Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 371. SALAMANDRA. | . Gefit. Quadr. 8o. SALAMANDRA TERRESTRIS. Ray Quadr. gn. Novum omne et inauditum avida femper aure bibit gens humana. — Quafi vero ipfa Natura fua non mille habeat miracula, nunquam defuere qui de monftris et prodigiis, reliquaque infani capitis farragine lubentif- fime fcripferint. | Iftiufmodi funt dracones illi ingentes ab antiquis defcripti; nec non Lamia, fera nempe que corpus Panthere íquamis veftitum, cum capite et mammis, mulieris fortita eft. Huc etiam referenda eft Salaman- - dra, quam vulgus inepte putat in igne illaefam vivere. Eft profecto Salamandra parva lacerte fpecies, in Germania, Germania, aliifque. Europee regionibus minime rara; coloris nigri, apud latera ventremque maculis magnis longifque vivide flavis, five aureis decorati. Macule he interdum magnitudine et figura variant. Tegitur hac lacerta meatibus, five foraminibus parvis, humo-. rem quo plerumque madet animal, exudantibus, Hi meatus prope caput magis confpicui funt quam in reli- quo corpore. Cauda ad teretem accedit formam, et longitudine eft mediocri, gradatim attenuata. Hoc eft illud animal de quo tot mirz et ridicule di- vulgatee funt fabulge, quodque etian: nunc temporis a vulgo, peculiari quadam et ignota vi ignis ardorem re- pellere creditur. Eft fane nihil aliud hac vis antipy- retica, quam frig/di animalis humida et naturalis tem- peries, cujus ope paulo longius ab ignis impetu manet inconfumptum, quam aljarum fubftantiarum major ficcitas, | M Vor SUPE L D SAULT "m Stu "po fo Pe emp i ui Ky ? wa 0E pet 324) eye PLETE A, Mod wx 3 CN Nu a & 2 vins "un iig "q- Aix e Iit E ZA SS — BAW Pa . A A JN ky : á i "à D Pede ; Jis ass — Jn w 7) ar . e one SS el THE SALAMANDER, 4oppdeteletetteletopetedeteleletetepetejetelee GENERIC CHARACTER. Body four-footed, tailed, naked. SPECIFIC. CHARACTER. LIZARD with cylindric fhortifh tail and um- armed feet; the fore-feet divided into four toes, the body porous and naked. 'There feems to prevail in the human mind an inhe- rent propenfity to the marvellous. Not contented with the variety of real miracles which Nature through all her kingdoms fo liberally exhibits, the world has long been entertained with the hiftories of ideal wond- ers and imaginary monfters, which never exifted but in the brains of their firft defcribers. Amongft beings of this clafs muft be reckoned the large dragons defcribed by the old writers ; the Lamia, defcribed as having the head and breafts of a woman, with a body like that of a panther, and covered with fcales: to this order muft alfo be referred the ideal Sa- lamander of the vulgar; which is thought capable of living unhurt in the fire. The rea] Salamander is nothing more than a fmallifh lizard, which is found very frequently in Germany, and and many other parts of Europe. It is of a black colour, ornamented on the fides and belly with large and longifh marks or fpots ofa rich yellow or gold-co- lour, and which are frequently fomewhat irregular in their fhape and difpofition. It is covered over with pores or {mall foramina, through which exfudes the moifture with which it is generally covered: thefe pores are moft confpicuous near the head; the tail is of a moderate length, and is roundifh, or fomewhat cy- lindrical, and gradually tapers to the end. _-Such is the animal of which fo many incredible tales have been recited, and which ftill continues to be re- garded by the ignorant as poffeffed of the power of re- pelling the effect of fire; a power which it poffeffes in no higher degree than a frog, a {nail, or any other moift- fubftance, which is not fo immediately confumed. as thofe ofa drier nature. PT -AERALS, MAXIMUR ) D Seer —— — CHARACTER GENERICUS. Pedes numerofi, duplo utrinque plures quam corporis fegmenta. | Antenne moniliformes. Palpi duo articulati. Corpus femicylindricum. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1064. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, JULUS pedibus utrinque 134. Lin. Syfl.. Nat. p. 1666. Hujus generis infe&a fcolopendris funt valde affinia ; nifi quod corpora habent cylindracea, non complana« ta; quodqué fingulis corporis articulis pedes utrinque duo fint, quorum numerus duplo major eft quam cor poris articuli, cum in Scolopendris fit par. Animalia hzc, fi aliquo modo perturbantur, in fpi. ram planam fe folent contorquere. Os habent maxillis validiffimis munitum, quibus morfum immitem non tamen venenofum poflunt infligere. Species hic de- picta eft fuigeneris maxima. In America invenitur, fylvas et loca obícura perreptans. Species etiam i valde valde fimilis, fi non eadem, in India Orientali exftat. Color his irifectis eft lucide fufcus, paululum nigrans ; crura autem, cum corporis parte inferiore fubalbicant. 2 Don n D HAT, qu té 2M ^ £^ F DE J r CREE 2? Wee 2 PE QA 4y 0621 Cos 229 Oo fa. yo 0727. e Ue 2270 . E | v Ze 9r THE GREAT Ju LvUS. rey reer rere ry Terre GENERIC CHARACTER. Feet numerous: twice as many on each fide as the fegments of the body. Antenne moniliform. Palpi (or feelers) two, jointed. Body {emicylindric. SPECIFIC GHARACTER. JULUS with about 1 34 feet on each fide. Thefe infects are very nearly allied to the Scolopen- dre or centipedes, but their body, inftead of being flattened, as in thofe creatures, is nearly cylindrical ; and every joint of the body is furnifhed on each fide with two pair of feet; fo that the number of feet on each fide is double the number of joints, whereas in the Scolopendra they are equal. Thefe animals, when difturbed, roll themfelves up ina flat fpiral. "Their mouth is armed with a very ftrong pair of jaws, with which they are capable of in- fiicting a fevere bite : they are not however of a poifon- ous nature. The fpecies here figured is the largeft of the genus. It is found in America, where it inhabits U woods woods and retired places; and a fpecies extremely re. fembling it, if not in reality the fame, is found in the Faft-Indies. The colour of the infect is a blackifh brown, of a fhining furface: the legs are whitifh, as is alfo the under part of the body. SUTUR DX eNO: T End VAR. STRIAT A. e»dotetotepetetetetetetgotetetetetetetedetetetetete CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum aduncum (abfque cera.) Nares pennis fetaceis recumbentibus obteCtze. Caput grande : auribus oculifque magnis. Lingua bifida. \ Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 131. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. STRIX capite levi, corpore albido maculis lunatis diftantibus fufcis. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 132. Avis hec inter varietates eft rariffimas ac elegan- tiflimas magne et nivez ítrigis Americam fimul ac Europam feptentrionalem incolentis: plerumque eft tota nivea, maculis aliquot lunatis fufco-nigricantibus interfperfis : varietas autem de qua jam loquimur, eft per totum fere corpus notis numerofiffimis fufcis obducta, quae verfus collum fenfim anguftiores fiunt, et in breves et interruptas fafcias concurrunt, quibus etiam tota avis fubtus notata eft : caput omnino albet ; ut et pedes, qui, ut in aliis omnibus hujus fpeciei ex- X emplis, emplis, ad ipfos ungues plumis velleri fimillibus den- fifime veftiuntur: roftrum unguefque nigricant ; irides flavent. AS y NY HA Pangan" Www SS MSS , m ee px e Nuit a e Sd many AN " 1 n ns > e ba Mal Aoiirtga Fa Voddey e Nas Brewer tina THE SO Weer OF Wes A STRIPED VARIETY. HOH SOOPER EO GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill crooked (not furnifhed with a cere). Noftrils covered with recumbent briftly feathers, Head large: Ears and Eyes large. — Tongue bifid. | SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Se. : HORNLESS WHITE OWL, marked with diftant lunated fpots. SNOWY OWL. Lath. 1. p« 192. GREAT WHITE OWL. | Edwards 9. pl. 61. The bird here figured is a moft curious and beauti- ful variety of the great Snow-white Owl; a fpecies which is a native both of the northern parts of Europe and of America, and in fize is equal to the great Eagle-Owl. In its common or general ftate it is of a Ínowy whitenefs, with here and there a few fmall fcattered crefcent-fhaped {pots of blackifh brown ; but the fpecimen now reprefented is fpotted all over the upper furface with numerous marks of : brown, brown, which as they approach the neck become nar- rower, and run into fhort interrupted fafciz or bands, with which alfo the whole under iorace of the bird is ornamented: the head is white; the feet alfo are per- fe&ly white; and like all other individuals of this - fpecies, are moft thickly coated with feathers to the very claws, fo as to have the appearance of a very deep fur: the bill and claws are. black: the irides yellow. iuslá SIMIA SPHINX? SREP EE PEE EEO | CHARACTER GENERICUS. — Dentes Primores utrinque quatuor, approximati. Laniarii folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. Molares obtufi. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 34. Cl. Mammalia.—Ord. Primates. | CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. SIMIA SEMICAUDATA, ore vibriffato, un- guibus acuminatis, natibus calvis ? Lin, Syff. Nat. p. 35. Simiarum que communiter Papiones nominantur, due funt fpecies adeo inter fe fimiles, ut revera licet diverfe, plerumque tamen ab auctoribus, qui fuis oculis vifas fibi invicem collatas non fedulo examina- verint, pro una eademque fpecie defcriptee fint: Simia nempe Sphinx et Simia Marmon Linnat. Praecipue diftinguuntur diverfa magnitudine: Sphinge enim multo minor eft Maimon : fed dif- crepat et vultus color: Sphinx enim nafum habet medium fanguinei ruboris, Maimon obfcure tantum incarnatum, Sphingis etiam natibus multo vividior eft eft rubor, regionique lumborum color ornnino czruléc- violaceus, qui in iifdem partibus alterius vix et ne vix confpici poteft. Ad catera vero adeo funt affines he duz fpecies ut non mirum fit fi incertum. dif crimen plurimos primo vifu fefellecit, | Rariffimus eft Simiz Sphingis in Europa confpec- tus; Maimonis frequentior, et fere quotidianüs. — Utreeque Africze calidiores regiones inhabitant. Spe- claim notandum eft nomina et fynonima harum Ípecierum fcriptores communiter permifcuiffe : Lziw. wrt enim Maimon multo melius cum hac noftra fpecie convenit quam cum illa quam ipfe nomine Sphingis defcripfit. Sufpicor etiam (ut plane rem confitear,) hanc ipfam fpeciem hic depictam non effe Sphingem Liwwzr. Ad altitudinem quinque edum et ultra crefcit Sphinx ; Maimon vix tres fu- perat. 2» vaso rs Mg) eee SEDIT, Qa C" "m aai fae - pnt p uf apna >» > SSA CE xs Lua N ETUR (n. EO entice Ey 2 P SEU ONL uu. Hott ne, Slee Leer] conn a m THEY V GEI APT ORE Mors ego A eo Nodeler Ze % I M p THE VARIEGATED BABOON. d GENERIC CHARACTER. Front-Teeth in each jaw 4, placed near together. ~ Canine-Teeth folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remaining teeth, or grinders. Grinders obtule, SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Ge. SHORT-TAILED WHISKERED SIMIA,. bare behind, with pointed nails, and violet- coloured loins, GREAT BABOON. | Pennant Hifl. Quadr. p. 1736 Amongft the fpecies of Simize called Baboons there are two, which though really very diftinct from each other, have yet fo great a general refemblance, that fome authors, not having had opportunities of exami- ning and comparing both fpeeies, have confounded them with each other; thefe two animals are the Si- mia Sphinx and the Simia Maimon of Linnzzus. The moft ftriking difference is in point of fize; the Bphinx being by much the largeft of the two; but there is alfo a confiderable difference in the colour of the the face: the middle of the nofe, which in the Maimon is merely of a dull flefh-colour, is in the Sphinx of a fanguine red: the hinder part of the Sphinx is alfo of — a much more intenfe red than in the Maimon; and the {kin round the region of the loins is tinged with a very {trong and fine violet-colour, which is fcarce, if at all perceptible in the Maimon. In other particulars, they fo much agree that it is no wonder they fhould have been frequently miftaken for one and the fame fpecies. The S. Sphinx isa much rarer animal than the Mai- mon, and indeed is but very feldom to be feen in Eu- rope; whereas the Maimon is not uncommon in moft exhibitions of animals. Both fpecies are natives of the hotter parts of Africa. It fhould be particularly ob- ferved that a general confufion feems to take place in the defcriptions and fynonyms of authors relative to thefe two animals; for the defcription given by Lin- wus of his 5. Maimon agrees much better with our fuppofed Sphinx than with the fpecies fo named by Linnzus. I am even inclined to fufpect after all, that the S. Sphinx of Lrxuzevs cannot be the animal here reprefented. The Sphinx grows to the height of upwards of 5 feet: the Maimon rarely exceeds 2 or 3 at fartheft, P ~ PAPILIO MENELAUS. OPES EEEEEERE EEE EREES CHARACTER GENERICUS. Antenne apicem verfus craffiores, fzpius clavato capitate. Ale fedentis ere&tz furfumque conniventes (ve Jatu diurno). Lin. Syfl. Nat, p. 744. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Gc. PAPILIO alis dentatis; fupra ceruleis nitidiffi- mis ; fubtus nebulofis, punctis fufcis. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 749» Eg. Achivi. Merian Surin. t. 53. Cram. Inf. 2. t. 21. Clerk. Icon. t. 21. £. 1. En fuperbientis Naturze miraculum ! eximize venuf- tatis infectum ! vividos adeo colores fortitum, ut vix ulla arte ad vivum poffint exprimi. * Color alarum ceruleus paginz fuperioris (inquit innaus) adeo politus nitidufque, ut vix fimile in: rerum Natura confpiciatur." | Mirificus hic pagine fuperioris fplendor a fobrio et modefto paginze inferioris colore longiffime diftat; qui tamen ocellis ferrugineis margine nigro circumícriptis, pupillaque albicante 3 gemmatus, 4, gemmatus, fui generis palcpio dps exemplar non me- diocre cenfetur. Externa hec et interfia diverfitas, (fi caufam liceat quaerere) Papilionem ab avibus fortaffe fccuriorem red- dat, ut nempe ab hoftibus minus facile difcerni queat, dum alis claufis quiefcit, quam cum alis expanfis pleno Íplendore effulferit. ; Americe eft incola, et ab eruca magna flavefcente, fpinis nigricantibus armata, originem ducit. VER MC a be] d vA SN LED wamaige Ae e : oM sede Bibl Sah AR og Epi OR THE SILVER-BLUE BUTTERELY. »jeleletetetetetetoteteloteletoteteteletoletegeleso GENERIC CHARACTER. The Antenne or Horns thickening towards the upper part, and generally terminating in a knob, or club-fhaped tip. The Wings (when fitting) erect, and meeting upwards. (Fight diurnal.) SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Cc. BUTTERFLY with indented wings; the upper furface of a brilliant blue, the lower clouded- .brown; and marked with large ocellated | fpots. | Y . Mer. Surin. t. 59» Cram. doro. toT. Clerk. ic. t. 21. £. 1. : e i ——— So uncommonly bright and brilliant is this fuperb infect, that it can but faintly be expreffed by the utmoft efforts of artificial colouring; and may ferve as an inftance, amongft many others, of the inimi- table beauty which Nature alone can produce. 2 LInnzus Linnzeus in his defcription of this infeét obferves, that the blue on the upper furface is fo pelifhed and lively that fcarce any other natural object can come in competition with it. On the contrary the under furface of the fame animal exhibits an example of a fpecies of beauty refulting from a varied combination of the plaineft and moft fober colours; the ground colour being brown flightly ftreaked with higher fhades, and marked by feveral very large ocellated ferruginous fpots with dark rings and white pupils. if it were not almoft bordering on temerity to attempt a reafon for this ftriking difference between the two furfaces of the fame infe&, one might fup- pofe that this fobriety of colouring on the lower fide, is intended in fome meafure to fecure the ani- mal when fitting at reft, yip its wings clofed, from the depredations of birds, which are lefs likely to be attracted in this ftate than by the full luftre of its - ‘expanded plumage. It is a native of South America, and proceeds from a large yellow caterpillar, befet with black {pines, PSITTACUS MAGNIFICUS. Oe OR eo eer OS CHA RACTER GENERICUS. Roffrum aduncum: mandibula faperiore mobili, cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. Lingua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pedes {canfori. | Lin. Syft. Nar. p. 139. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. PSITTACUS .brachyurus fubcriftatus — niger, fronte humerifque gilvo maculatis, cauda me- dio rubra nigro fafciata. Nova Hollandia infula, dignior fane que Conti- nens Auftralis vocetur, alter quafi phyficorum orbis, plurima animalia, reliquis regionibus incognita pergit fuppeditare. Nulli tamen alii generi uberior acceffit fpecierum copia quam pfittacino, quarum lautiffimze vel ipfius Nove Hollandia vel infular um adjacentium funt incolae. Inter fpecies hafce novas vix venuftior eft Pfittaco Magnifico, qui fane menfura maximos Pfittacos Mac- caws dictos, phyficifque notiffimos zequat; in illa au- tem generis divifione recte difponitur, cui cauda non lancez ad inftar producta et acuminata eft, fed apice quadrato, feu ex rectricibus fere aequalibus conftat. Z . Color = ee Color generalis huic avi niger eft. Caput leviter. criftatum plumis denfiflime veftitur, quarum extremi- tates maculis» gilvis, ut plurimum fcatere folent. Maculantur quoque humeri eodem modo, et in aliqui- bus fpeciminibus latera corporis femoraque fafciis gil- vis angufte tranfverfeque notantur. Roftrum maxi- mum et validiffimum cornei eft coloris, feu obfcure fufci. Crura pedefque craffa et robufta, roftroque fere _ concoloria. Caudz imo colori, coccineo . nempe, tranfverfe fuperaddite funt fafcie numerofe nigerri- mz; et utrinque prope rachin pennarum coccineus color fere in flavum languefcit. Bafin apicemque cauda penitus nigra eft. — - Tota avis tam magnificum oftendit afpectum ut. inter principes fui generis merito numeretur. Speci- mina aliquando paululum variant: color fcilicet caudze coccineus non in fafcias numerofas nigro diftinctas dif- ponitur, fed latam tranfverfamque aream intemerati ruboris in medio exprimit. Ws ASAI S QS: NS Nes SSE NS NS Y Wt N 4 à WOE H Js " BONN i aif ; dh ea 5 E Ws Lipo eee. d^ 266^. A- . 00 T HE MAGNIFICENT COCKATOO. €——— en ibto GENERIC . CHARACTER. Bill hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Noffrils round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Tongue flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Legs fhort. ‘Toes formed for climbing, viz. two forward and two backward. SPECIFIC’ CHARACTER, Gc. EVEN-TAILED BLACK PARROT, with the head fomewhat crefted, the front and fhoulders fpotted with buff, the middle of the . tail red. croffed with black bars. THE BANKSIAN COCKATOO. Latbam s Synopf: Suppl. p. 63, New Holland, which may not unjuftly lay claim ta the more dignified title of the Southern Continent, may be confidered as a kind of new world to the Naturalift; and has already afforded feveral animals unknown to every other part of the globe. To no other genus, however, have fuch large acceflions of new fpecies been added as to that of Pfittacus ; of which fome of the moft fuperb kinds appear to be na- tives of New Holland, and fome of the Southern Iflands. A da Of remota exulafle. SpeCtantur tamen aliquando, hortos et loca habitaculis fuis propiora perreptantes. Felix fane fauftumque eft humano- generi mirandos hofce ferpentes veneno prorfus carere; ob molem tan- tum et robur timendos ; quibus fane adeo prezpollent ut cervos aliofque majores quadrupedes, conftringendo ct amplexando enectos, lento hauftu abforbeant: et dein ufque ad ftuporem et torporem fatiati latent, de- tectique facile vel fclopetis, vel aliis modis confici poflint. | Cum pregrandes hos ferpentes quafi ad aliorum animalium perniciem natos contemplamur, horrefca- mus illos et averfemur neceffe eft; fi vero formam tan- tum et colores fpectemus, non mediocrem illis ineffe pulchritudinem lubentiffime fatebimur. Color illis, uti et aliis hujus generis, diverfus eft pro varia etate : ut plurimum tamen eft cinereus, per dorfum et latera plagis maculifque oblongis, magnis, fufco-rubentibus, feu ferrugineis, margine nigro circumfcriptis, et albo flavoque notatis variatus ; vehter plerumque flavefcens albet. * Referunt hiftorici totum Romanum exercitum, con- fpecto immodico ferpente, (quem verifimile eft ejuf- dem fpeciei fuiffe cum illo qui in tabula depingitur), ingenti metu perculfum fubito, et confternatum fuiffe. Immanem hunc ferpentem Valerius Maximus ex libro Livii hiftoriz deperdito his verbis memofat. * Qus quia fupra ufitatam rationem excedentia at- tigimus, ferpentis quoque a T. Livio curiofe pariter . ac facunde relata fiat mentio: Is enim ait in Africa apud Bagradam flumen tantg magnitudinis anguem fuiffe » fuiffe ut Attilii Reguli exercitum ufu amnis prohibe- ret; multifque militibus ingenti ore correptis, com- pluribus cauda voluminibus- elifis, cum telorum jactu perforari nequiret, ad ultimum baliftarum tormentis undique petitam, filicum crebris et ponderofis verberi- bus procubuiffe; omnibufque et cohortibus legioni- bus ipfa Carthagine vifam terribiliorem : atque etiam cruore fuo gurgitibus imbutis, corporifque jacentis peftifero afflatu vicina regione polluta, Romana inde fummoviffe caftra: dicit belluz etiam corium cxx pedes longum in urbem miffüm." Vat. Max. Livium vero ipfum elegantibus fupplementis emu- latus eft' Joannes Frienfhemius; audiant igitur velim lectores Frienfhemium miram rem fuo more diferte recitantem. | * Interea M. Regulus proxima quaque fubigendo in loca pervenerat per que flumen Bagrada labitur : ad quod caftra habentes Romanos improvifa peftis et damno non mediocri, et terrore adhuc majore perculit. Magnitudinis enim portentofz ferpens aquatum pro- fectos milites invafit ; territifque et nequidquam re- pugnantibus multos ingentis oris hiatu forbuit: alios fpirarum voluminibus et caude verbere obtrivit : non- nuilos ipfo peftilentis halitus adflatu exanimavit; tan- tumque negotii M. Regulo faceffere potuit, ut totis viribus cum eo de pofleffione amnis fuerit dimican- dum. Quod ubi cum jactura militum fiebat, neque vinci aut vulnerari draco potuerat, duriffima fquama- rum lorica, quidquid telorum ingereretur, facile re- peHente; confugiendum ad machinas, advectifque balliftis ct catapultis velut arx quedam munita, deji- ciendus ciendus. hoftis fuit. Poft aliquot jactus in vanum emiffos ingens faxum fpina dorfi perfracta, vigorem impetumque formidalis monftri refolvit. Sic quoque difficulter. confectum eft, tanto cum horrore legionum et cohortium, ut /e oppugnare Caribaginem, quam alteram talem beftiam malle faterentur. Neque diutius ibi mo. rari caftra potuerunt, quin tabo infectas aquas, et om- nem circa regionem fzetore jacentis peftifero adflatam fugerent. Non fine rubore aliquo humane fuperbia, quz non raro viribus fuis nihil negatum effe ftolide putat. Exercitum certe Romanum imperatore M, Regulo, terra marique victorem unus anguis et vivus exercuit, et interfectus fubmovit. Quare nec puduit Proconfulem hujus etiam hoftis fpolia Romam mit- tere, timorifque fui magnitudinem et victori& gau. dium publico monumento fateri. Corium enim belluz detractum in urbem devehendum curavit : quod cen. tum viginti pedes longum fuiffe dicitur; etin templo quodam fufpenfum, ad Numantini ufque belli teme pora duraviffe," Joan. Friznsn, Suppl. Livian. a RA NUT e AR Ap eer Bf A f tA —— € NO ETE E 729^» ty é 3 VIR THE RL AT RO A. Ooo eee es GENERIC GHARACTER. Treanfverfe Lamelle both on the abdomen and beneath the tail. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. VARIEGATED BOA with about 240 Laniellze on the abdomen and 60 beneath the tail. By thofe who are unacquainted with the wonders of Nature, the defcriptions given by Naturalifts of fome of the more ftriking and fingular animals, are received with a degree of cautious fcepticifm, or even rejected as exceeding the bounds of credibility. Amongft thefe- animals may well be numbered the prodigious ferpents whicharefometimes found in India,A frica, and America; {erpents of fo great a fize as to be able to ingorge even fome of the larger quadrupeds, and of fo enormous à length as to meafure 20, 25, and go feet. There is reafon to believe that thefe immenfe ferpents are be. come lefs common now than fome centuries backwards, and that in proportion as cultivation and population have increafed, the larger fpecies of noxious animals have been expelled from the haunts of inankind, and driven into the more diftant and uncultivated tracts, They are ftill however dccafionally feen, and fome- times: times approach the plantations and gardens of the dif tricts neareft to their refidence. It is happy for mankind that thefe gigantic ferpents are not poifonous ; they are therefore to be dreaded only on account of their vaft fize and ftrength, which latter is fo great as to enable them to kill cattle, deer, and other animals by writhing themfelves round them, fo as to crufh them to death by mere preflure; after which they fwallow them in a very gradual manner, and when thus gorged with their prey, grow almoft torpid with repletion; and if difcovered in this ftate may without. much difficulty be difpatched by frre or by other methods. Confidered as one of the great deftroyers of the. animal world, this ferpent muft be viewed with horror; but if we take into confideration only its form and colors, we cannot deny it a very great fhare ofexternal | beauty: like many of its tribe, it is apt to vary in color, and appears in a more or lefs vivid ftate according to the period of life in which it happens to be found ; but it is generally ofa grcyifh color, variegated on the back and fides in the moft curious manner with large oblong patches and fpots of bright reddifh brown, which are fll further decorated by having black margins, fur- rounded both internally and externally with ftreaks of white and yellow : the belly is commonly of a yellow. ifh white. | It was in all probability an enormous fpecimen of this very ferpent that once diffufed fo violent a terror amongfít the.moft valiant of mankind, and threw a whole Roman army into difmay. ^ Hiftorians relate this this furprizing event in terms of confiderable luxuri- ance. Valerius Maximus thus mentions it from Livy, in one of the loft books of whofe hiftory it was related more at large. . © And fince weare on the fubject of uncommon phze- nomena, we may here mention the ferpent, fo elo- quently and. accurately recorded by Livy; who fays that near the river Bagrada in Africa a {nake was feen of fo enormous a magnitude as to prevent the army of Attilius Regulus from the ufe of the river; and after fnatching up feveral foldiers with its enormous mouth, and devouring them, and killing feveral more by ftriking and fqueezing them with the ‘{pires of its tail, was at length deftroyed by affailing it with all the force of military engines and fhowers of ftones ; after it had withftood the attack of their fpears and darts: that it was regarded by the whole army as a more formi- dable enemy than even Carthage itfelf ; and that the whole adjacent region being tainted with the peftilen- tial efluvia proceeding from its remains, and the waters with its blood, the Roman army was obliged to remove its ftation: he alfo adds that the fkin of the monfter, meafuring 120 feet in length, was fent to Rome as a trophy." Var. Max. The learned Frienfhemius, in his Supplementa Livi- ana, has attempted a more ample and circumftantial narrative of the fame event, and it cannot be unfatis- factory to the reader to receive a quotation from an author, who has fo happily imitated the manner of the great hiftorian. * In the mean time Regulus, every where victorious, led led his army into a region watered by the river Ba. - grada, near which an unlooked for misfortune awaited them, and at once affected the Roman camp with con- fiderable lofs, and with apprehenfions {till more terri- ble; for a ferpent of prodigious fize attacked the foldi- ers who were fent for water, and while they were overwhelmed with terror, and unequal to the conflict, . engulphed feveral of them in its enormous mouth, and killed others by writhing round them with its fpites, and bruifing them with the ftrokes of its tail: and fome were even deftroyed by the peftilential efluvia pro- ceeding from its breath ; it caufed fo. much trouble to Regulus that he found it neceflary to conteft the poffef- fion of the river with it by employing the whole force. of his army ; during which a confiderable number of foldiers were loft, while the ferpent could neither be vanquifhed nor wounded; the ftrong armour of its Ícales eafily repelling the force of all the weapons that were directed againft it; upon which recourfe was had to battering engines; with which the animal was attacked in the manner of a fortified tower, and was thus at length overpowered. Several difcharges were made againft it without fuccefs, till.its. back being broken by an immenfe ftoney the formidable monfter began to lofe its powers, and was yet with difficulty deftroyed ; after having diffufed fuch a horror amongft the army, that they confeffed they would rather attack Carthage itfelf than fuch another monfter.. Nor could the camp continue any longer in the fame ftation, but was obliged to fly; the water and the whole adjacent region being tainted with the peftiferous efluvia. A moft moft mortifying humiliation to human pride! which - fometimes vainly imagines nothing capable of refifting the powers of man. Here at leaft was an inftance of a whole Roman army under the command of Regulus, and univerfally victorious both by fea and land, oppo- fed by a fingle fnake, which conflicted with it when living, and even when dead obliged it to depart. The proconful therefore thought it no diminution to his dig- nity to fend the fpoils of fuch an enemy to Rome, and to confefs at once the greatnefs of his victory and his terror by this public memorial; for he caufed the fkin of the fnake to be taken off, and fent to the city; which is faid to have meafured 120 feet: it was fufpended in a temple, and remained till the time of the Numantine » war." FrisnsH. SUPPL. Liv. BA. ape "i " e ee x bale = y ^j |s | + wr a P come ae a UT em ta == Co ee a se Se ieee Dem - AUREUS 3 cede ; - . = a ; PEN PN BBO AAG gem N [s urn lac M elc mim m EE CU EC — 7. THE ORANGE FLAG, A | OR a ORANGE-STRIPED VOLUTE. DOE REE EES GENERIC CHARACTER. Animal refembling a Limax or Slug. Shell unilocular, fpiral. Pillar or Column twifted or plaited. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Se. WHITE VOLUTE, with orange- coloured tranfverfe bands, and (generally) fix plaits on the column. LE PAVILLON D'ORANGE. ; "Argen. Append. Knorr. part 5, t.1. fo 1. The elegant and rare fhell here figuted, belongs to the Linnzan genus Voluta, but is not amongft the fpecies defcribed by LiwwzEus. . Its general name a- mongft collectors is the Orange-Flag. It is an Eatt- Indian fhell, and is principally found in the ifland of Amboyna, Fig. 1. The adult fhell. Fig. 2. A fomewhat younger fhell, / VOLUTA 'ARAUSIACA. »4eloletetoteejejetopetoptetopelettelototelote CHARACTER. GENERICUS. Animal Limax. . Lefia unilocularis, fpiralis. Apertura ecaudata, fubeffufa. Columella plicata: Labio Umbilicove nullo. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 1186. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, ec. VOLUTA tefta alba fafciis tranfverfis fulvis, columella fex-plicata.’ VEXILLUM ARAUSIACUM. Rara hzc et perelegans concha generis Linn ani Volute nominati eft fpecies. Hanc ipfam ille nullibi. defcripfit. Communiter illam appellaverunt phyfici Vexillum Araufiacum. Indica eft concha, et praecipue - in infula Amboyna reperitur. Fig. 1. Tefta adulta. Fig. 2. T'efta junior. - PSITTACUS GLORIOSUS. Li eee’ Her ebro CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili, cera inftruéta. Nares in roftri bafi. Lingua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pedes {canforii. Lin. Syfl. Nar. p. 139. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. PSITTACUS. macrourus fanguineus, dorfo nigro maculato, alis caudaque cyaneis. Pfittacus hic formofus plerafque fui generis antece- dit pulchritudine et colorum fplendore. Ad fpecies macrouras feu longicaudas pertinet. Color ejus generalis eft vivide fanguineus, corporis parte inferiore paulum pallidiore. Plume dorfi nigre funt, rubro cincte: tectrices alarum minores lucidiflime carulee: verfus mediam alarum partem color caeruleus magis cyaneus eit, non fine virore aliquo obícuriore : fuper axillas color plumarum niger in maculam tranfverfam nigram apicibus acuminatis difcurrit: cauda prelonga ad imum eft cuneatior. Novam Hollandiam incolit hzc avis, et magnitu dine Pfittacum Alexandri equat, vel paulo fuperat. Feminze multo minus vividus eft color ; dorfumque olivaceo tinctum, Aa AN uu EET, SPLENDID PARRO T. DESI IEEE IEEE EEE EEE EES GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nof!rils round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Tongue flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Legs fhort... ‘Toes formed for climbing, viz. two. forward and two backward. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Ge. LONG-TAILED SANGUINE-RED PAR- ROT, with the back fpotted with. black, the wings and tail bright-blue. | PENNANTIAN PARROT. o Latbam s Synopf. Suppl. p. 61. i gE TE This beautiful bird exceeds moft of its genus in the fplendor of its colors, It ranks amongft the Pfittaci Macrourl, or Long-tailed Parrots. Its general color is a vivid fanguine-red, fomewhat paler on the lower part of the body ; and the feathers on the back are black, margined with red. The fhoulder-feathers, or {fmaller coverts, are of a moft brilliant blue: towards the middle part of the wing the blue becomes much deeper, and flightly tinged with green. Above the axillze the black color of the back forms on each fide a tranfverfe n — ~ o Bi uy ine by FP S —» tranfverfe fpot with fharpened extremities. The tail is very long, and cuneiform towards the tip. This fpecies is a native of New Holland, and is ^ about the fize of the common Ring-Parrakeet, or ra- ther larger. The female is much lefs brilliant in color, and the back is of an olive green. SSA Pak, S PA bb LDRSU TA. DMR EER EEE EIS EEE EEO CHARACTER GENERICUS. Corolla contorta. Neclarium ftellula duplex in medio corolla. Pentandria Digynia. * ^ CHARACTER SPECIFIC US, Se. STAPELIA denticulis ramorum ere&is. Lin. Spee. Plantar. p. 316. ASCLEPIAS AFRICANA AIZOIDES, flore pulchre fimbriato. | : Comm. rar. 19. t. 19. M Inter pretiofiffimas plantarum dotes merito nume- ratur odor ille gratiffimus quem plurima emittunt, quo in colligendo, confervando, augendo, fubtiliter ftudiofeque femper laboratum eft. Suave-olentium vegetabilium tanta fane eft diverfitas, ut odores fpeci- atim recenfere vix poffibile fit... Ut.taceam rofam, violam, dianthum, cateramque copiam narium in bortis plerifqQue repertam, genera Diofme, lllicii, Nyd&anthes, et Polyanthes, velut exempla fuaviffimae et pollentiffimze fragrantize fatis fit proferre. Huic aromaticorum ubertati opponuntur exempla aliquot contrarii odoris in generibus Ari, Sterculize, Lobelia, czeterifque nonnullis ; rara hzc quidem, quae tamen fatis probant. Naturam in humani generis ob- le&atione 7 lectatione non femper verfari. Phalli fpecies, in fylvis, exeunte zeftate, non raro confpecta, odorem quafi car- nis putridze fpargendo, infecta multa carnivora, mufcas precipue vulgares, feu carnarias ad fe allicit, que in fummitate plantze catervatim conglomerantur, liquo- rem glutinofum exinde copiofe effluentem avidiffime exugentes. " Omnes autem hactenus cognitas, quae more mortui cadaveris fetere folent, planta illa in tabula depicta longe fuperat ; cui tanta eft odoris putridi graveolen- tia, ut e longinquo veniant mufcz vulgares feu car- nare Linn EI, ovaque ibi deponant ; quibus exclufis, larve parvo tempore plerumque pereunt; qua in re . unica feipfam decipere, fuaque quafi fruftrare confilia videatur Natura. Interdum tamen, fi qua fides obfer- vatoribus, accidit ut aliae. mufcarum fpecies, carnaria multo minores, in eodem flore ova fua deponant, lar- veeque exclufa, ob exiguitatem parvo cibo egentes, florem ipfum depafcant ; ad plenam magnitudinem perveniant, et in chryfalides convertantur, ex quibus muícze perfectee poftea erumpunt. Ita fe rem habere demonftrat experimentum a domino Hi. memoratum, qui narrat larvas plurimas mufcarum, hoc folo flore enutritas, omnibus vicibus et permutationibus abfolu- tis, ad plenam et perfectam maturitatem adoleviffe. Africae eft indigena. heec planta, et in promontorio bone fpei praecipue invenitur. VP LP T Lo Ag by FEET Mato os T HET m x ES rp sem — - E t FE TID sSFAPE LTA, ON THE, CARRION- FLOWER. DAA EEE EI E PEE EE EEE EOS | GENERIC CHARACTER. Corolla Nightly twifted towards one fide. Neéary in form of a double ftar in the middle of the corolla. | Pentandria Digynia. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Gc. STAPELIA with the denticles of the branches upright. THE CARRION-FLOWER. Y as fragrance emitted by the major part of the vegetable world is fuch as to be regarded amongft the moft elegant and valuable attributes of plants; and the ingenuity of mankind has been {tudioufly employed in . collecting, preferving, and concentrating it. So great is the variety of vegetable perfumes that it is hardly poffible to enumerate the different kinds. Without particularizing the rofe, the violet, the car- nation, and many other common inhabitants of the garden, we might adduce the genera of Diofma, Illi-. cium, Nyctanthes, Polyanthes, and fome others, as peculiar peculiar examples of the richeft and moft exalted fra. prance. Amidft this profufion of fweets in the vegetable kingdom there are occafionally interfperfed fome exam. ples of a contrary odor: thus fome fpecies in the genera of Arum, Sterculia, Lobelia, and a few others, are convincing proofs that Nature does not always accommodate. her productions to the immediate gra- tification of the human fenfe. | - A fpecies of Morell, not uncommon in woods to- wards the latter part of the fummer, has a fmell fo much refembling that of putrid animal matter, as to attract feveral fpecies of carnivorous infects, and par- ticularly flies, which are generally obferved fettled in great numbers on the top of the plant, and eagerly feafting on the glutinous moifture with which it abounds. | But of all vegetables yet known, which are poffetfed of a fmell fimilar to that of animal fubftances, the plant here figured is by far the moft remarkable; and when in a ftate of florefcence, diffufes a fcent fo pow- erfully cadaverous as to allure the common fleth-fly, or blow-fly to depofit its eggs on the flower, where they are hatched, and the young larva, for want of proper nutriment, commonly perith foon afterwards; and thus Nature in this fingle inftance, almoft feems to have deceived herfelf. If however we may rely on fome obfervations, it happens fometimes that other ípecies of Ries much fmaller than the.common flefh-fiy, depo- fit their eggs in the flower, and when hatched, the lar- vw being verv fmall, and not requiring much, food, do do actually find a fufficient nutriment from the flower itfelf, till the time of their change to chryfalis arrives ; and after the ufual period become complete flies ; and this appears to have been the cafe in an inftance recor- ded by the late Sir Jon Hirr, where feveral larve of flies are faid to have paffed through all their changes, though nourifhed folely by the flower of this plant. It is a. native of Africa, and is principally found at the Cape of Good Hope. SOREX BICOLOR. IEEE O ‘CHARACTER GENERICUS, Dentes Primores fuperiores duo bifidi. Inferiorer quatuor :/ intermediis breviori- bus. Lanzarzi utrinque plures. Lin. Syft; Nat. p. 73. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Se. SOREX cauda mediocri, corpore fupra nigri- cante, fubtus albicante. | et SOREX Lea mediocri fubnuda, corpore ni- gricante, fubtus cinereo. Erx. Mamm. p. 124. MUSARANEJUS dorfo nigro ventreque albo. | Merret. pin. p. 167. Inter quadrupedes Britannig rariores merito nume- ratur parvulus hic Sorex, ab illis folummodo qui precipuam fcientia naturali navant operam, obfervari folitus. In Europa fere omni nafcitur, et ut docet dominus Parras, in Sibiria frequenter reperitur. In Gallia annum circiter millefimum feptingentefimum quinquagefimum fextum a domino DavuszwrowN de- tectus et defcriptus eft. In Anglia longe antea cogni- tug, tus, inter animalia tamen deperdita habebatur, donec annum circiter millefimum feptingentefimum fexagefi- mum octavum, juxta coenobium de Reevefby in comi- tatu Lincolnienfi iterum deprenfus fit. Vix dubitan- dum eft quin in aliis multis Anglize partibus poffit in- veniri. Cur tamdiu incognitus manferit in caufa effe videtur obfcuritas latibulorum, (amat enim ripas flu- viorum, locaque aquofa,) nec non communis hujus- . modi rerum incuria. In certis Buckingamiz locis nequaquam rarus eft, et Oxonize vicinio: fedem vero fibi potiffimum delegit in aggeribus fluminis Collegii Beatze Marie: Magdalene ambulacra circumeuntis ; ubi non raro mortuus jacet, quod et Sorici Araneo Linn Er, feu vulgari fzepius accidit, a qua fpecie facil. lime primo intuitu, colore nempe longe diverfo, dig- nofci poteft, GI py? ts ? age 5 - 2, z 3 . nien ay ds TREN OP ty haps he vey, A peyen gigs tp p - 3 7 7 E a : 2 s 3 PM om Ea a: dd "sogno Dor Vu WESS a + ex Ped bo EI ) “pis aa See yyy Bhi Hr dete DTE Pr 4 021/37 TIS D eius, LS aere LAO XG DWE ZZ THE WATER-SHREW. EIN EREFEPERERE RA GENERIC CHARÁCTER. Two cutting Teeth in each jaw. Long {lender No/é: {mall Ears. Five Joes on each foot. | Ó Pennant. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Be, SOREX black above, whitifh beneath. MUSARAIGNE D' EAU. ATE | Daubenton Mem. de 1 "Acad. de Paris, 1756, p. 211. t. 5. i2. WATER- SHREW. - P oon Hift. Quadr. p. 480. This animal may be numbered amongft the rarer _quadrupeds of Britain, and is but very feldom noticed except by thofe who pay a more than ordinary degree ofattention to the natural productions of our kingdom. It appears to bea native of almoft every part of Europe, and from the obfervations of Dr. PArrasit fhould feem to be very well known in Siberia. In France it was difcovered and defcribed by Mr. Dausrwrow in the year Wu In England it had long before been no- iced ; ticed; but was confidered amongft the loft quadrupeds of our ifland till about the year 1768, when it was again obferved in the neighbourhood of Reevefby-Abbey in Lincolnfhire. It may probably be difcovered in many other parts of the kingdom, and its continuing fo long undiftinguifhed mutt partly be afcribed to the ob{curity ofits retreats, under the banks of rivers, and in wa- tery places, and partly to a mere want of attention to objects of this nature. In fome parts of Buckingham- -fhire it is not very uncommon , it is alfo found in the neighbourhood of Oxford ; and it feldom fails to refide in the banks of the river furrounding the water-walks of Magdalen College; and is not unfrequently found dead by the edges of the walks, in the fame manner as the common Shrew, or Sorex Araneus of Linnaus, from which it may always be moft readily diftinguifhed by its very different color. 1 LOXIA JUGULARIS. | -"---———— CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum conico-gibbum, frontis bafi rotundatum verfüs caput: Mandibula inferior margine laterali inflexa. | Nares in bafi roftri. Lingua integra. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 299. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. LOXIA teftaceo-ferruginea, nigro undulata, fal- cia gule fanguinea. - Africam incolit hac avicula. Coloris eft Caftanei ; feu grifeo-ferruginei, maculis lunatis nigris eleganter undulati : Decoratur gula fafcia lata tranfverfa. vivide coccinea. Bb THE RED-THROATED GROSSBEAK. GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill ftxong, thick, and convex. Noftrils {mall. Tongue truncated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, €&c. PALE-FERRUGINOUS LOXIA, undulated with black, with a blood-red fafcia on the throat. FASCIATED GROSSBEAK. Lath. Synopf. 2. p. 156 THE CUT-THROAT SPARROW. Lev. Muf. This bird is a native of Africa. Its colour is a pa- lifh chefnut, or grey ferruginous, elegantly undulated | with femi-lunar marks of black. The throat is orna- mented with a broad tranfverfe band of the deepeft vi- vid red. PAG 7 pie one Stree. 70 CHATODON ARMATUS. SAU IT URN CHARACTER GENERICUS. N Dentes fetacei, flexiles, | confertiffimi, numero- fiffimi. Membrana branchroffega vadis fex. Corpus plerumque fafciatum. Pinna dorfi anique carnofa Íquamofa. | CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. CHJETODON ALBESCENS, corpore fafciis feptem nigris, fpinis pinne dorfalis fex, ter- tia longiflima. Novam et perelegantem generis Chaetodontis fpeci- em dat tabula infpiciendam, Vix quatuor uncias fu- perabat fpeciminis longitudo unde hzc noftra figura delineata eft. Color huic Chaetodonti eft argenteo-al- bus, dorfo fub-czeruleo. Fafciz corporis tranfverfe nigerrimze funt : pinnae caudaque pallide fufca : fpina feu radius tertius pinnze dorfalis anterioris czeteris mul- tolongior. Maris Auftralis incola eft hic pifcis; pro- | pe novam Hollandiam captus eft, indeque nuperis na- vigiis ad nos allatus. I THE | LONG.SPINED CHJETODON. e»dpoleteteteiotetetotetoletepoterdopgexeeeiepeo GENERIC CHARACTER. Teeth fétaceous, flexile, clofely fet, extremely ' numerous. | 3 Branchiofegous membrane with fix rays. Body generally fafciated. Dorfal and anal Fins fomewhat flefhy and coated with {cales. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. WHITISH CHJETODON, with feven black bands on the body, fix fpines on the dorfal fin, the third very long. 'This fifh is a new and very elegant fpecies of the genus Chetodon. ‘The total length of the fpecimen from which the figure was taken was fcarcely more than four inches; the color isa filvery white; darker, and of a blueifh tinge on the back : the tranfverfe fafciae or bands are of a deep black: the fins and tail are of a pale brown: the third ray or fpine of the firft dorfal fin is much longer than the reft. It is a native of the South. ern Ocean, and was brought from New-Holland in one of the laft voyages, — : M. JV Nodder & e Nes e rere Sree z BRADYPUS URSINUS. poletetetetetotetetetefotetetetet fle eS CHARACTER GENERICUS, Dentes Primores nulli utrinque. Lantarit obtufi, folitarii, molaribus longiores. Molares utrinque 5 vel 6, | ] CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. BRADYPUS niger hirfutiffimus, nafo elongato nudo. Inter plurima que phyficis nuperrime innotuerunt, principem fibi locum non immerito vindicat animal in tabula depictum ; quod fortaffe nonnullis videatur no- vum omnino per fe genus conflituere. Opinione tamen firmatus celeberrimi Pennant, cujus comes, in illius characteres primum fedulo inquifivi, ad genus Bradypi referendum cenfeo. Habitu corporis externo ad urfum vulgarem tam pro- pe accedit Bradypus Urfinus, ut pro Urfi fpecie a qui- bufdam habitus fit. Vetant tamen omnino dentes, un- guefque peculiariter formati, cum caeteris characteri- bus, ut Urfi fpeciem effe pronuncicm. Magnitudine eft urfi vulgaris, exceptoque vultu, feu roftro, villo nigro, longo, et hirfuto totus obtegitur ; qui tamen fuper collum et tergum multo longior eft quam in cetero corpore. In paitibus corporis anteri- oribus antrorfum fpectat hirfutia ; in pofterioribus re- trorfum, trorfum. Oculi minimi : aures parva, et denfo capi. tis vellere fere abfcondite. Dentes incifores nulli funt. Utrique maxillz infunt duo dentes laniarii modici : qui in maxilla fuperiore fiti funt uncias circiter duas a fe invicem diftant ; quiininferiore, paulo minus. In maxilla fuperiore infunt dentes molares tres utrinque, quorum duo maxime remoti feu interiores funt quafi duplices et lobati; alter fimplex eft. In inferiore funt utrinque fex molares, quorum remotiffimus feu interior fimplex eft; due huic preximi duplices, caeterique tres fimplices. Lingue levi nihil peculiare eft. Roftrum clongatum eft, et tenfile, videturque cartilagine traní- verfa et mobili interius effe inftru£tum. Ungues pe- dum anticorum, qui quinque, funt validiffimi, modice incurvati et acuminati : pedum pofteriorum ungues breviores funt et potius rotundati : Cauda breyiflima vix diftingui poteft. Ab interiore Bengala allatus eft Bradypus Urfinus, et quartum Jam annum exceffit. Primo detectus Urfum Lotorem Lixw zr, qui Raccoon vulgo dicitur, magnitu- | dine vix fuperavit ; illumque latratum quafi caninum emififfe afferunt cuftodes. Vox illi nunc nulla eft praeter rugitum brevem et abruptum, qui non nifi laceffito et irritato prodit. Mitis eft et tranquilli ingenii. Vege- tabilibus et la&iciniis vefcitur: gaudet pomis, carnes- que faftidit, nifi forte tenerrimas. Medullam tamen ex offe lubentiffime exugit. Melle, faccharo, et omni- genis cupediis delectatur. Motus huic non ut in aliis ejufdem generis, tardiffimus, fed modicus. Solet ite- &um atque iterum, more canis cubitum iturl, circum- gyrare. ia gyrare. "Terram fcalpere, et fub humo velle fe occul- tare dicitur, unde a repertoribus primo effoffus eft. Ab ingeniofo Domino Carron figuram hanc nof- tram mutuati fumus, qui quicquid animali proprium et fingulare eft optime expreffit. In altera tabula ringens exhibetur caput, ut fitus dentium oftendatur, nec non ut roftrum fuperius, ope cartilaginis interng egregie flexibile, quodammodo demonftretur. 49 SLE j^ id *. pu ‘ E z e ; Pt PMID. Cre Me A Y 7 2 ER y (f / XN ij 7, ANI iy) INNS SS Eb: é THE URSINE BREAD Y Paes; OR URSIFORM SLOTH. rie eRe OO RES GENERIC CHARACTER. Gutting-Teeih none in either jaw. Canine-Teeth folitary, longer than the grinders, Grinders 1n each Jaw 5 or 6. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. BLACK BRADYPUS with very long fhaggy hair, and naked lengthened fnout. * Amongft the new fpecies of animals with which -Zoology has been lately enriched, the creature here figured claims a diftinguifhed place; and it may be doubted whether it might not with great propriety conftitute a new genus... In compliance however with the opinion of Mr. Pennant, in whofe company I firft made an accurate examination of its characters, I have here placed it as a. fpecies as the genus Bradypus, or Sloth. In its habit, or general appearance, it has a ftriking refemblance to the common bear, and it has even been confidered as a fpecies of bear by fome naturalifts. C c Its Its teeth, however, and the peculiar formation of its claws, with feveral other particulars, abfolutely forbid it to be any longer confidered as a fpecies of Urfus. The animal is about the fize of a bear, and is covér- ed all over, except on the face, or rather the fnout, with long, fhaggy, black hair, which on.the neck and back is much longer than in other parts. On the fore part of the body the hair points forwards, and on the hinder part backwards. The eyes are very {mall ; the ears rather fmall, and partly hid in the long hair of the head, It is totally deftitute of incifores or front- teeth : in each jaw are two canine teeth of a moderate fize : thofe in the upper jaw are fituated at the diftance of two inches from each other : thofe in the lower jaw are placed fomewhat lefs remote. The molares or srinders in the upper jaw are three. on each fide; of which the two moft remote are double, or lobed: the remaining one fimple. In the lower Jaw there are on each fide fix grinders, of which the moft remote or backward is fimple; the two next double, and the three remaining ones fimple. The tongue is {mooth, and has nothing remarkable in its appearance. The nofe, or fnout is of a fomewhat elongated form; it alfo appears as if furnifhed with a fort of traníverfe joint, or internal cartilage, which admits of a peculiar kind cf motion in this part. , The claws on the fore-feet are five in number, and are exceflively ftrong, moderately crooked, and fharp pointed: thofe on the hind-feet are fhorter, and of a rounder fhape. The tail is very fhort, and inconfpicuous. ' This T d This animal was brought from the interior, parts of Bengal, and is now fomewhat more than four years old. When firft taken, it is faid to have been about the fize ofaraccoon, andis reported to have fometimes barked in the manner of a dog. Its voice however at prefent is rather a fort of fhort, abrupt roar, which it emits when much difturbed or irritated, It is gentle and good-natured: feeds chiefly on vegetable fubftances and milk; and is fond of apples, and does not wil- lingly eat animal food, except of a very tender nature, ‘as marrow, which it readily'fucks from a bone prefent- ed to it. It is alfo delighted with honey, fugar, and other fweets. Its motions are not as in others of this genus, flow and languid, but moderately lively, and it appears to have an habit of turning itfelf round and round every now'and then, as if for amufement, in the manner of a dog when lying down to fleep. It is faid to have a propenfity to burrowing under ground ; and - that it was at firft dug out of its retreat by thofe who difcovered it. The figure here given is copied from a drawing by Mr. Carron, anartift who has been peculiarly happy in exprefling the appearance of the animal. In the additional plate is reprefented a view of the head ina ringent ftate; in order to fhew not only the form and difpofition ofthe teeth, but alfoin fome mea- fure the fingular flexibility of the upper part of the Ínout, as if furnifhed with a joint or internal cartilage. PETAURUS AUSTRALIS. CHARACTER GENERICUS, Dentés varii in varus. Corpus cute volatili cinctum. GQHARACTER SPECIFICUS. PETAURUS fupra nigricans, fubtus albicans, pollicibus plantarum rotundatis. Arbitrentur fortaffe Phyfici debere Petaurum Auf- tralem genus potius per fe conftituere, quam inter no- vas fpecies numerari. Cum vero generum inftitutio ob hanc vel illam peculiarem notam, pedum nempe feu dentium formam, fcientiam naturalem fepe per. turbet et obfcuret, moleftiamque potius quam auxili. um tyroni afferat ; fatius duxi Petaurum Auftralem velut fpeciem Sciuri volantis defcribere. Sciurofque ipfos volantes ab aliis disjungere, et in genere diftincto nomine Petauri reponere. — Quamvis enim a Linnzo in eodem genere cum Sciuris aliis numerentur, faten- dum tamen eft, membranam, feu cutim extenfam, cu. jus ope volitant, adeo effe fingularem et propriam, ut non immerito ad genus feparatum poffint pertinere. Hoc tamen fortaffe nonnullis videatur curiofe poti- us quam utiliter factum. Totius igitur generis Petauri, fpecies hic depicta non tantum maxima eft, fed et elegantiffima. Species D d praeterea preterea eft nova, de Nova Hollandia non ita pridem petita. Magnitudine cuniculo juniori vix cedit. Color corporis fuperni eft fufco-cinereo-nigricans, inferioris fer&albidus. Pilus eft praeter modum mol- lis et elegans; cujus fi copia fufficeret, nefcio annon aliorum animalium vellera, utcurique pretiofa, fordef.. cerent. — Pedum pofticorum forma fingularis eft: Pollex feu digitus primus rotundatus eft, ungue com- planato et rotundato ; cum aliis omnibus digitis un- gues acuminati fint. Digiti quoque duo intermedii,. feu pollici proximi, cute communt ad ipfos ungues: conjunguntur. Cauda longa pilo molliffime et deli- catulo denfiffime vefütur. ' In narratione itineris auftralis a Domino Wnirs, hoc animal nomine Hepoona Roo diftinguitur, et pul- cherrime a Domino Catton depingitur: figuram igi- tur ibi datam, utpote eximiam, in hoc noftro opere “imitamur. E Ü > ANY a eR: © Macias Noe [7 e rent, (A) lorttar a LRA ty Uiiteed March Mags 7 c Ter LAM THE SOUTHERN PETAURUS. otetetoteteteteloteteletetegototetefeteteleteletedo GENERIC CHARACTER; | Teeth differing in the different {pecies. Body furrounded by a flying-fkin. | SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &é. PETAURUS blackifh above, whitifh below, with the thumbs of the hind:feet tough: HEPOON A ROO. White's Vi oyage to Botany Bay. It may perhaps be doubted whether this animal might not conftitute a genus per fe, rather than be re- garded as a fpecies merely : but as the inftitution of genera fróm two or three particular circumftances on- ly; e.g: a peculiarity in the teeth, claws, &c. fre. quently throws much confufion on natural hiftory, and rather tends to embarrafs than inftruct a ftudent in the Ícience, I have thought it beft to defcribe this animal ds a fpecies of flying-fquirrel, and to feparate the flying-fquirrels from the.genus Sciurus, with which Linn.aus had conjoined them, and to form them into à genus by the name of Petaurus. This perhaps may be thought ar unneceffary piece of exactnefs ; yet there is fomething fo peculiar in the expanded procefles of fkin by which the flying-fquir- | Dda rels | ie are aitineerned: that they may Eigpetly enough be allowed to form a diftinct genus. - ! Of all the fpecies then of this genus the animal. here figured is the largeft and the moft elegant: “it is alfo a new fpecies ; having been brought from New Holland during the late voyages. Its color is a very fine fable or deep Vibe Rh above, while the lower furface is nearly white. - The fur is of the moft exquifite foftnefs and elegance, and if the animal could be procured in. fufficient plenty, would bid fair to fuperfede the richeft furs hitherto in: ufe. The ftru&ure of the hind foot in this fpecies is remarkable ; the thumb or firft toe being of a rounded form and furnifhed with a flattened nail, while the re-- maining toes have fharp claws ; and the two fecond toes, or thofe next the thumb, are united in one com- mon covering or fkin to the very claws: the tail is long, and is very thickly cloathed with fur of the foft-. eft and moft delicate appearance. | ' In Mr. White’s Journal of a. voyage to New South Wales, this animal is diftinguifhed by the title of He poona Roo, and is beautifully figured by Mr. Carrow; which figure, on account of its excellency, we have not. da: to copy in the prefent work. = SIREN LACERTINA. CHARACTER GENERICUS. — Corpus bipedum, caudatum, nudum. Pedes brachiati, unguiculati. Lin. Syf. Naz. vol. 1. pt. 2. Addend, CHARACTER SPECIFIC US, «Sc. SIREN corpore anguilliformi, branchiis ramofis. SIREN LACERTINA. | Amgen. Acad. wol. 7. p. 311. Sirenem a reliquis animalibus adeo eminenter diftinxit Natura, forma ambigua, et dubius characteribus, ut, celeberrimus Lis gus novum illi Amphibiorum ogdi- . nem nomine Meantes inftituerit ; qui tamen novus or- do non inter alia Amphibia in Syftemate Nature inve-. | nitur, fed in nota ad finem partis fecundae tomi primi iftius operis exftat. Genus cui Siren affinitate famma conjungi videtur, eft genus Lacerta : lacertze enim larvam valde reprae- fentat, et dubitant nonnulli an talis revera fit nec ne : characteres tamen omnes videntur effe animalis perfecti et adulti, nec hactenus vifa eft Siren in alia aliqua for- ma ftatuque. Pedes tantum duos habet, fine ullis pe- dum pofteriorum veftigiis ; illofque unguibus muni- tos, cum larvarum omnium lacertarum, hactenus cog- nitarum, pedes funt, (lingua Linnana) mutici, five unguibus unguibus deftituti. Os dentium parvulorum feriebus pluribus munitur. Singulare hoc animal Americam Septentrionalem inhabitat, et in Carolina Auftrali precipue invenitur, in locis uliginofis et aquofis minime infrequens, fub aqua plerumque degens, interdum vero in terram pro- grediens. Vocem habet ftridulam, five cantillantem;. quam ob caufam a Linn £0 nomine Sirenis diftinguitur. A Domino GaRDzx, medico in Carolina per multos annos celeberrimo, primo detectum fuit defcrtptum- que ; qui etiam fpecimina nonnulla ad Linn aum mi- fit. Linnzus in epiftola fua ad Dominum Gannzw de Sirene, affirmat nullum. aliud unquam animal fe adeo torfiffe, nec aliud fe plus velle, quam veram ifti- . us naturam optime callere. Non filendum eft Sirenem in terram modica vi Jactatam,- in partes tres vel qua- tuor diffilire, quod aliquibus etiam ferpentibus evenit: In Ac&orum Anglicorum volumine quinquagefimo fexto defcribitur Siren a Domino Eris, qui etiam fi-. guram addidit, que adeoad normam animal exprimit, ut potius vifum fit eam ipfam imitari, quam novam, diverfo fitu, effingere, Summam Sirenis larvee lacer- te fimilitudinem demonftrat triplex branchiarum ra- mofarum utrinque in collo par, ut fit in larva lacerte vulgaris aquaticze. Species lacertae cui Siren maxime videtur affinis, eft lacerta a Linn.£0 Teguixin nominata, Ad longitudinem fere duorum pedum crefcit Siren. i Cow MA? AIAG, a sry dt Mi acts So 4p m gor : PLOTS Sy M IE 5-305 o1 RR a AN. 5 ———TTTC GENERIC CHARACTER. Body bus footed, tailed, naked. Feet brachiate (7. e. placed in the manner, of arms), and fasniied with claws. SPECIFIC CH 4RACTER. SIREN with an eel-fhaped body, and. ramified branchiz, or refpiratory organs. The Siren f ftands eminently diftinguithed in the lift of animals by the ambiguity of its characters, which are fuch as to have induced the great Liww eus to in- ftitute for it a new order of Amphibia, under the title of Meantes 5 anworder however which does not ftand amongft the Amphibia inthe Syftema Nature, but is mentioned in a note at ipae end of the fecond pgrt of ‘Vol. I. of that work. | The genus with which the. Sad T evidently the greateft poffible affinity, is that of Lacerta or Lizard. It even very much refembles the larva, or firft ftate of a lacerta; and it is ftill doubtful whether it may not really be fuch ; but it has never been obferved in any other ftate, and it has always two feet only, without any appearance ofa hind-pair. It likewife has all the characters of an animal in its complete ftate ; the feet in particular, are armed with claws, whereas the laryze of all the lacertz are without claws, or in the Linn JEAN phrafe, digitis muticis. The mouth has fcveral rows of fmallifh teeth. | Tlus - This moft fingular animal is a native of North Ame. rica, and the part where it has principally been found is the province of South Carolifía, where it is not un- common in muddy and fwampy places, living gene- rally under water, but fometimes appearing on land, It has a fort of fqueaking or finging voice, for which reafon Lixw;Evs has applied to it the name of Siren. - It was firft difcovered by the ingenious Dr. Ganpzw, who refided long in South Carolina, and who fent an account of the animal, accompanied with f{pecimens, "to lawwzus. LrwwGEUs in his letter to Dr. GARDEN on this fubject, declares that nothing had ever exercifed his thoughts fo much, nor was there any thing he fo: much defired to know as the real nature of this. extra- ordinary creature. It is remarkable that the Siren, when thrown on the ground with a degree of violence, breaks in three or four pieces ; in which eger it refembles fome of the ferpent tribe. In the fifty-fixth Volume of the Philofophical Tran- factions is an account of the Siren by the late Mr, Extis, illuftrated by a figure which fo very accurately expreffes the animal, that we have not fcrüpled to copy thatfigure, rather than to give a new one in a different pofture. "What caufes this animal to approach very nearly to the appearance of the larva of a lacerta, is, that it is furnifhed on each fide the neck, with three pair of ramified branchiz, in the fame manner as the larva of the common water-newt. The fpecies of la- certa to which it feems moft allied is the Lacerta Te- guixin of Linnaus, It grows to the length of nearly two fect. : GRYLLUS MIGRATORIUS. | ee en ee or ce ee na ' CHARACTER GENERIC US. Caput inflexum, maxillofum, palpis du iutal _ Antenne letace;, feu filiformes. Ale quatuor, deflexe, convolute: inferiores plicata. | Pedes poftici faltatoru. | Unguer ubique bini: 1 Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 693. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, C. GRYLLUS thorace fubcarinato : fegmento uni- co, capite obtufo, maxillis atris. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p p: 709. ! GRYLLUS thorace fubcarinato: fegmento uni- co, mandibulis ceruleis.. Fabr. Spec. Inf: tom. 1. p. 365. Prater omnia infecta que fruges devorando homi- num miferias augere folent, Grylli, five Locuftze ut communiter dicuntur, maxime metuendam ftragem nobis inferunt. In calidioribus terre partibus, Afri- cz przcipue et Orientis regionibus, edaciffimorum ho- rumanimalium innumerze exurgunt catervze, quae fupra . fidem omnia devaftant ; tractus per quos volitant, fere defolant, et fpatio brevi amoeniffimas et fertiliffimas provincias in deferta convertunt ; dum denfiffimo eo- | ! | rum sum agmine ipfe dies adimitur. Dubitari pene poffit, fintne locuftze nocentiores vivee an mortuze; e mortua- rum enim millibus tanta exoritur putredo, ut incipien- tis peftis una e caufis valentiffimis cenfeatur. Locuft. arum plurime funt fpecies, quarum quz maxime for- _ taffe vorax et exitiofa eft ea in tabula depicta, quae Gryl- lus Migratorius LiwNzzr. — Plerumque coloris eft fub- fufci, fed maculis obfcurioribus variati ; et in quibuf- dam corporis partibus coloris eft rubentis, feu potius carnel; crura autem plerumque funt fubceerulea. An. no millefimo feptingentefimo quadragefimo octavo, in varias Europz partes irrupit heec fpecies, fed in cater- vis fparfis et diffractis, In Germaniam, Galliam, et Angliam involabant, et in urbe ipfa Londini ejufque vicinio plurimae reperiebantur hujufmodi locufte : bre- vi tamen fpatio periere, vix ulla agris illata injuria. Maxima omnium fpecierum hactenus cognitarum eft Gryllus criftatus Linnz1, qui infectum jam defcrip- tum mole quincuplici vel etiam fextupla fuperat ; qui- que cum aliis majoribus hujus generis, in nonnullis Orientis regionibus pro cibo ufurpari folitus eft. Non tantum recentes, fed et fale conditge comeduntur hae locuftz, et in foro publico venales proftant in oppidis Levantinis. Subftantia tamen earum pergracilis eft, przcipue infectorum marium ; nam foeminz ob ovari- um paulo pleniorem efcam fuppeditant. Notiffimum eft multum difputaffe theologos de loco in fcriptis evangelicis, ubi dicitur Joannem Baprtistam locuftis et melle fylveftri vitam fuftinuiffe, quorum nonnulli per verbum axgides, teneras tantum plantarum fum- mitates intelligi voluerunt. Cum tamen probe com- pertum - pertum fit, Arabas hifce animalibus vel nunc pro cibo uti, vix egere videtur illa vox ulla alia interpretatione preter communem et vulgarem. Cur enim miremur fanctum illum et abftemium prophetam, cum ab inani- bus mundi gaudiis fe procul fubduceret, cibo ufum fu- iffe non fane inter dapes lautiores numerando, fed illo tantum quiin locum potioris efcze fuffectus fir? Ut hanc conjecturam firmemus, teftimonium Domini Has. sELQuisT liceat nobis proferre, qui de hac ipfa re ita lo- quitur. ** Qui infectis virum hunc fanctum vefci foli- tum fuiffe negant, aiunt cibum e locuftis paratum ig- notum prorfus effe et inufitatum. Si vero hi in /Egyp- tum, Arabiam, aut Syriam migrarent, longe aliter de hac re fentirent : certis enim temporibus locuftas af- fatas communiter comedunt Arabes, nec dubitandum eft illis tempore quo vixit JoauNzs Baprisra, pro ci- bo fuiffe. Preterea his locis mores antiqui non facile dilabuntur, nec Barrisr cibus mirus aut infolitus jam reputatur. Prefbyter etiam Graecus, nequaquam indo&us, mihi pro vero affirmavit ecclefiam fuam per verbum angidas locuftas femper intellexiffe ;, rifitque ipfe cum a me audiret noftros interpretes plantam aut avem illo verbo fignificari conjeciffe, * v - c N W NN NM THE MIGRATORY, | O R, “WANDERING L OCUST. * Silico HOPPE Eo GENERIC CHARACTER. Head infle&ed, armed with jaws, and furnifhed with palpi or feelers. Antenne either fetaceous, or filiform. Wings four, defle&ed, convolute ; the inferior ones plaited. | Hind-Feet formed for leaping. hes on all the feet double. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. GRYLLUS with fübcarimated thorax with a fingle fegment, obtufe head, and blackifh . or blueifh jaws. Of all the infects which are capable of adding to the .- €alamities of mankind by devouring the products of the earth, locufts feem to'poffefs the moft formidable pow= _ res of deftruction. Legions of thefe voracious crea- tures are from time to time produced in various parts of Africa. and the Eaftern World, where the havock they commit is almoft incredible. They carry defolation mer with with them whérever they pafs; and in the thort fpacé of a few hours change the moft fertile provinces into the appearance of a barren defart ; while the air is darkened by their numbers. Nay even when dead they are {till terrible, fince the putrefa&ion which ari- fes from their inconceivable number, is fuch that it has been regarded as one of the principal caufes of a be- ginning peftilence.. There are a great many different fpecies of locufts. One of thé moft deftructive is the Gryllus Migratorius of Linnus, or the Wandering Locuft, here reprefented. It is generally of a brownifh color, varied with fpots of a deeper caft, and in fome parts with pale red or flefh-color, and the legs are commonly blueifh. In the year 1748 this fpecies ap- peared in irregular flights in feveral parts of Europe ; às in Germany, France, and England, and in London in particular, and, its neighbourhood, great numbers were feen : they perifhed however ina fhort time, and were not productive ofany mifchief. The largeft fpe- cies of locuft yet known is the Gryllus Criftatus of Linwzus, which is five or fix times as large as the fpe- cies juft defcribed ; and which, together with fome other of the larger kind, is made ufe of in fome parts ofthe world as an article of food. They are eaten both frefh and falted, in which laft ftate they are publickly fold in the markets in fome parts of the Levant. The quantity of edible fubftance which they afford is but fmall, efpecially in the male infects ; but the fe- males, on account of the ovaries, afford a more nutri- tious fuftenance.~ It is well known that different in= terprétations have fometimes been given of the paffage gu in in the facred writings in which Joun rue Baptist jg faid to have fed on locufts and wild honey ; and the word axes; has been fuppofed to mean the young . fhoots of vegetables, rather than locufts; but fince the fact is well eftablifhed, that thefe infects are ftill eaten. by the inhabitants of the Eaft, there feems not the leaft reafon for admitting any other interpretation than the ufually received one: Why fhould we wonder that the abftemious prophet, during his ftate of folitary fe- clufion from the commerce of the world, fhould fup- port himfelf by a repaft which is to be numbered not amongft the luxuries of life, but merely regarded as a fubftitute for food of a more agreeable nature? We may alfo adduce, in fupport of this idea, the teftimo-. ny of Hasszroursr, who thus exprefies himfelf on this very fubject. ** They who deny infects to have been the food of this holy man, urge, that this infect is an unaccuftomary and unnatural food ; but they would foon be convinced of the contrary, if they would travel hither, to Egypt, Arabia,.or Syria, and take a meal with the Arabs. Roafted locufts are at this time eaten by the Arabs at the proper feafon, when they can procure them ; fo that in all probability this difh has been ufed in the time of Sr. Joun. Ancient cuf- “toms are not here fübje& to many changes, and the vi&uals.of Jonn are not believed unnatural here; and J was affured by a judicious Greek prieft, that their church had never taken the word in any other fenfe, . than that of locufts ; and he even laughed at the idea, - ef its being a plant or a bird.” — HassirquisT's Travels, Eng. Tranflation, p. 419. MUSCI CAPA. PO RPHY ROBRON. CHA. | 1 MGR Von telis o CHARACTER 'GENERICUS. Roftrum fubtrigonum, utrinque emarginatum, | apice incurvo; vibrife patentes verfus fauces. Nares fubrotunde.. ei dun. Syfl. Nat. p. 324. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. MUSCICAPA | nigra, gula purpurea. Rara hec avis Americam Auftralem, et precipue Cayanam inhabitat. Nigra eft, excepta gula, feu colli parte anteriore egregie purpurea. Femina penitus nigricat. . Magnitudine merulam vulgarem fere equat. D $ THE PURPLE-THROATED FLY- ! CATCHER. ith fp reading — AE vibriffee or whifkers : buthy e. lyk Noffrils roundifh, — LN 0 : rare and curious bird is a native of South Ame- - id is principally found in Cayenne. Itis entirely ack, except on the fore-part of the neck, which is of a rich and deep purple. The female is totally black : fize is nearly that of a black-bird. 3: Sy Pe etat Dd Mis Brewer Streets TTE dr, ACARUS VEGETANS. Pr CHARACTER GENERICUS. Pedes o&o. Oculi duo ad latera capitis. Tentacule duo, articulata, pediformia. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1022. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. ACARUS cruftaceus rufus marginatus convexus, fubtus planus. Lin. Syff. Nar. tom. 3. p. 226. ^ ? Ouod phyficis haud omnino ingratum effet me facturum arbitratus fum fi infectum illud fingulare a Linnzo Acarus Vegetans nuncupatum, ob exiguitatem antehac pene neglectum accurate defcribi et depingi curarem. Aliorum infectorum corporibus plerum- que fe affigit hujufmodi acarus, illorum praecipue quae Coleoptera Linnar conftituunt, quaeque communiter Scarabeei dicuntur. Szpiffime illum comperi corpori aut elytris adhze- rentem Hifteri Unicoloris LixN zr, parvi nempe infecti coleoptrati, in hortis, ineunte vere, minime rari. Fre. quenter etiam eum vidi fcarabaeo ftercorario LixN x1 adjunctum, et altero Scarabeo minori, fufcae nempe varietati fimetarii ejufdem auctoris, menfibus Aprilis £t Maii, in fimo bovino ut plurimum obvii. h Mirandus Mirandus omnino eft modus quo adherent hi acari corporibus aut elytris aliorum animalculorum, pedi- cello nempe, feu ftipite flexili; quo fit, nifi fuccus nutritius ab hoc pedicello abforbeatur, (quod ut fiat tubulatum putemus,) neceffe effe füpitem aliquando femicirculatim pofle eos curvare, ut infectum cui affi- guntur fugendo fe alant. Interdum illis adeo coope- riuntur Coleoptera, ut elytra few alarum tegumenta non poffint conjungi, ipfique artus impediti zegre moveantur. Acari Vegetantis fuperficies fuperior eft glabra et convexa; inferior fere complanata. Clarius tamen patebit fimilitudo infectum ipfum depictum infpicienti, quam ex defcriptione colligi poffit. Figure due fuperiores acarum anticum et pofticum repreefentant. Figura autem magna oftendit plures, fex nempe, elytro adherentes illius {carabeei quem varietatem effe jimetariu ante diximus, Alia maxilla, czeterafque capitis partes mire conformatas, multo tamen auctius, monítrat. - Magnum horum me memini numerum Onifco a Linnzo Armadillo nominato, feu millepede officinarnm, ut dicitur, annexum femel confpexiffe. Ut verbo dicam, acarum vegetantem nihil aliud effe fufpicor preter larvam acari coleoptratorum Linnz1, qui fuper f{carabeeos fere omni tempore poffit inveniri, phyficifque optime innotefcit. Notandum praterea acarum vegetantem non in genere acari apud Lin- NJEUM reperiri, fed in appendice animalium ad finem voluminis tertii Syftematis Naturae. Celeberrimus Celeberrimus Dr Gzzn in Adis Stockholmienfibus anni millefimi feptingentefimi fexagefimi octavi par- ~ vulum hoc animalculum defcripfit et delineavit, vix tamen fatis eleganter aut accurate. In Hiftoria Infec- torum iterum illud defcripfit idem auctor et depinxit. EXT E Auge eh ur Lindon Luttished Marit tinge by PR Noilder 8 Nas Brewer ere gH E GUMMI HEN MITE. (——— MÉE d GENERIC CHARACTER. Fight Legs. | Two Eyes, fituated on the fides of the head. Two Tentacula, jointed, and fhaped like feet. SPECIFIC CHARAC TER. CRUSTACEOUS REDDISH. or YELLOW- ISH-BROWN ACARUS, convex above, flat beneath. That curious little infect, the acarus vegetans of Linn Zus, or the vegetating mite, being, on account of its minutenefs, lefs attended to than many others of its genus, it cannot be unacceptable to the admirers of Natural Hiftory to fee it accurately figured and defcrib- ed. It is generally to be found on the bodies of other infects ; and particularly on thofe belonging to the beetle tribe, or fuch as in the Linnaan language, belong to the claís Coleoptera. . The infect on which I have moft commonly obferved it, is the Hifter Unicolor Lin: which is a fmallifh coleopterous infect, frequently feen in gardens in the | early part of the fpring, and which at that feafon fel- dom fails to have fome of the vegetating mites either on on its body or wing cafes. I have alfo obferved it in great plenty on the fcarabszus ftercorarius Lin: or common black beetle, as well as on a {mall brown variety of the fcarabzeus -fimetarius Lin: which is almoft always to be found in cow-dyng in the months of April and May. | The manner in which thefe minute infects adhere is very curious; for cach is affixed by a flexible ftalk or pedicle to the wing-fhells and other:parts of the infect they infeft; fo that unlefs their nutriment is abforbed by the ftalk which fupports them, (and which, in this cafe, muft be tubular,) they muft have the power of bending the ftalke in a femicircular direction. at parti- cular times, fo as to enable them to adhere occafionally to the infect for the purpofe of feeding. They are fometimes fo numerous as to prevent the beetles on which they grow, from clofing their wing-íheaths ; : and adhere to their limbs in fach a manner as preety to impede their motions. The upper furface is fmooth and convex ; the lower furface flat; but the figures annexed will convey a clearer idea of the feveral particulars of their appear- ance than any defcription. The two upper figures reprefent the fore and back view of the infect. The large groupe reprefents fix of them adhering to the elytron or wing-fheath of the brown variety above- mentioned of the fcarabeeus fimetarius. The other figure fhews the fingular appearance of the jaws ‘and other parts at the head of the infect, magnified in a much greater degree. I once I once obferved thefe infects in great plenty on the onifcus armadillo, or common officinal Millepede. Upon the whole, I am ftrongly inclined to believe the vegetating mite to be nothing more than the larva or young of the acarus coleoptratorum, or common "beetle-acarus, which infefts thofe infects at moft feafons of the year, and which is well known to every obferver of infects. I fhould obferve that the acarus vegetans does not occur under the genus acarus in the Syftema Nature of Linnzus, but is mentioned in the appendix animalium at the end of the third volume of that work. De Gerr in the Acta Stockholmienfia for the year 1768 has defcribed and figured this infect ; but his figures cannot be commended either for their ele- gance or accuracy. He has alfo figured and defcribed it in his Hiftory of Infects. Ff EORR LACERTA PLATURA. Moe cod MM AC CAP CHARACTER GENERICUS. Corpus tetrapodum, caudatum, nudum. Lin, Syft, Nat. p. 359+ CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, LACERTA cauda depreflo-plana lanceolata, margine fubaculeato, corpore grifeo-fufco {cabro, Ungues quaft duplicati : lingua brevis, lata, integra, Jeu non forficata; apice autem leniter emargi- nato. Lacertam Platuram, quam nuperrime detectam ge- neravit Nova Hollandia, infigniter diftinguit cauda depreffa et complanata, margine tenuiffimo, fenfim in acutum apicem decrefcens. Rariffima eft in genere heec caudze planities, nec accidit nifi duabus vel tribus fpeciebus. Uncias quatuor cum femiffe paulum fupe- rat longitudine Platura. Caput magnum pro corpore. Tota fuperior fuperficies tuberculis parvis exafperatur, quae in aliquibus partibus, verfus occiput praecipue et caudam, in mucrones acuminatos extenduntur. Infe- rior fuperficies pallida eft, feu albefcens. THE BROAD-TAILED LIZARD. »detetdtetettpetopetetettettettototetotele e GENERIC CHARACTER. . Body four-footed, tailed, naked. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. LIZARD with a depreffed lanceolate tail, al- moft fpiny on the margin; the body of a dufky grey color, and rough. The claws appear as if double; the tongue is Dort and broad, not forked, but flightly emarginated at the tip. The Lacerta Platura or broad-tailed Lizard, a fpe- cies very lately difcovered, and which is a native of New Holland, is ftrikingly diftinguifhed by the un- common form of its tail, which is of a depreffed or flattened fhape, with very thin edges, and gradually tapers toa fharp extremity, This depreffed form of the tail is extremely rare in.lizards, there being fcarcely more than two or three other fpecies in which a fimi- Jar ftructure takes place. ‘This lizard is fomewhat more than four inches and a half in length ; the head is large in proportion ; and the whole upper furface of the animal is befet with fmall tubercles, which in fome parts, efpecially towards the back of the head, and about the tail, are lengthened into fharpened points. The lower furface is of a pale color, or nearly white. Os Laltied duet oi 794 e FR. Nodider Bf, Ni 7 035 m: TROCHILUS COLUBRIS.: bdo PEPRERH HIERHER S CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum fubulato-filiforme, apice tubulato, capite longius : Mandibula fuperior vaginans infe- riorem. Lingua filiformis, filis duobus coalitis tubulofa. - Pedes ambulatori. | Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 189. HARACTER SPECIFICUS, Se. TROCHILUS reGiroftris viridi-aureus, re€tri- cibus nigris, lateralibus tribus ferrugineis apice albis, gula flammea. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 191. MELLIVORA gula rubra. | | | Edw. Jv. t. 36. MELLIVORA Avis Carolinenfis. Catefb. Carol. 1. p. 65. Coloribus nitidis adeo gemmeifque exornatur minu- tum Trochili genus, ut fi cum his comparantur, non modo fordeant prorfus et obfcurentur avium plurium regiones calidiores incolentium venuftiffimi colores, fed et aurum ipfum pyropufque longe fuperentur. Nequeunt igitur ulla arte fplendidiffimi hi colores ad | Gg vivum vivum exprimi, quae tum fane magnum preftitit, fi infigne harum avium decus imitando adumbraverit. Regulus criftatus Europzeus avicula omnium minima diu habebatur, et ftupebant prorfus noftrates phyfici,. cum aves Americanas vel ipfis infectis Europeis mi- nores confpicerent; inter quas eft Trochilus vix fcara- boo vulgari major. Cum tamen minuta hec Ípecies ceteris cedat colorum fplendoribus, fatius duxi aliam eamque elegantiorem exprimere. : Formofiflima hzc avicula plurimas Americae partes, Carolinam praecipue tam Septentrionalem quam Auf. tralem inhabitat. Roftrum illi nigrum eft. Corporis fuperiora fplendent aureo-viridi, et mutabili colore. Gulam decorant plume coccinea nitidiffime, quze pro lucis ratione in aureum fulgentiffimum tranfeunt. Pectus et abdomen albicant. Alarum remigeo fufco- purpurei. Femine fuperficies inferior albicat, carens omnino rubore illo eximio quo mas infignitur. Mi- randa eft huic avicule pennarum velocitas. Inter volandum cibum capit phalenz more, linguam nempe tubulatam in fundum florum immergens et. mel. inde exugens. Pugnaciífimo eft ingenio, nec raro de eodém flore acerrime dimicatur. In domus frequenter invo- lat Trochilus, cumque, more infectorum Europzorum, tres quatuorve gyros egerit, dicto citius e feneftris effu- git. Ubi denfiffima eft arborum coma nidificat, ple- rumque inter furcas ramulorum. Diametros interna nido eft uncie, profunditafque unciz, dimidiate : tomento, feu lanugine plantarum intus ftruitur, ex- trinfecus mufco et lichene ftipatur. Ova tantum duo deponit hzc avis, alba, magnitudine piforum. Dum incubat incubat fcetufque promovet, audacia eft incredibili, et in defendendis pullis fzepius ipfas aves majores ad ar- ‘orem accedentes invadit, et in fugam vertit; Nullam aliam vocem praeter ftridorem parvum emittit; fufur- rus enim iíte, quem fono apum aut mufcarum fimi- lem inter volandam edit, ab alis vibratis provenit. be ile li RED-THROATED HUMMING.. BIRD. Re eee ee a ene een ee ee GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill flender, tubular, the upper mandible fheath- ing the lower. longue very long, miffile ; formed of two con- joined cylindric tubes. Toes three forward, one backward. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Cc. STRAIT-BILLED gold-green HUMMING- -BIRD, whitifh beneath, with gold-red throat. LE RUBIS. Buff. Of. 6. p. 13. L'OISEAU- MOUCHE a gorge rouge de la "Caroline. Briff. Orn. 3. p. 716. No. 13. - The lively colors with which Nature has fo liberally adorned the birds of the warmer regions, fink into obfcurity when compared with the polifhed radiance and gemmeous luftre which diftinguifh moft of the fpecies of this diminutive genus. The ruby is not more vivid nao Aaa May AN 0 te DUM Rh A 66 vivid than the red which fome fpecies exhibit, nor gold fo brilliant as the glance of their varying plumage: it is therefore entirely beyond the power of art to repre- fent their colours with fidelity : all that can be done is to give a general idea of the inimitable beauties which Nature exhibits to us in thefe birds. Before the difcovery of the Weftern Hemifphere, the golden-crefted wren was believed to be the fmalleft of birds; but the Naturalifts of Europe were aftonifhed on finding that the new world afforded birds inferior in fize to many of the European infects; and that one . fpecies in particular was fcarce larger than a common beetle. As that very minute fpecies however is not fo remarkable for the beauty of its color as moft others of the genus, I have rather chofen to exhibit one which difplays a more elegant affemblage of colors, and at the fame time may be numbered amongft the fmalleft of the genus. This beautiful bird is a native of many parts of America, and is very frequently feen in the provinces of North and South Carolina. The bill in this fpecies is black; the upper parts of the bird are of a rich vari-_ able golden-green; the chin and throat of the. moft glowing fcarlet, changing according to the light into polifhed gold; the breaft and belly are white, and the long feathers of the wings are of a purplifh brown. The female differs in having the^whole under furface white, without any of the ruby-red, which fo richly adorns the male. This diminutive bird flies with a rapidity altogether aftonifhing. It feeds in the manner of a moth on the wing, by inferting its long tubular tongue tongue into the bottoms of flowers, from which it fucks the honey-juice. ‘They are faid to be of a very pugnacious nature, and have frequently the moft vio- lent contefts when they happen to difpute the poffeffion of the fame flower. “They often fly into houfes, and after taking a few circuits round the room in the man- ner of European infects, again dart into the open air. They build amongft the thick foliage of trees, on fome forked twig. The neft is about an inch in diameter in the infide, and half an inch deep: it is lined‘ with the down of plants, and coated on the outfide with mofs and lichens. They lay only two eggs, which are per- fectly white, and about the fize of peas. During the time of incubation, and when the eggs are hatched, they fhew an aftonifhing degree of courage, and in de- fence of their young have frequently been known to attack and put to flight even the larger birds which have happened to approach near the fame tree. They have no other note than a kind of fharp fqueak, which they emit now and then; the noife which they make during flight is caufed by their wings, ahd is not un- like that of a fly, or bee. CHATODON ENCELADUS. Seiuiiielloleioleoiolekeiahok debbie CHARACTER GENERICUS. - Dentes fetacei, flexiles, confertiffimi, numerofil- fimi. Membrana branchioftega radus fex. Corpus plerumque fafciatum. Penna dorfi anique carnofa fquamofa. | | CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Se. _ CHJETODON albefcens, pinna dorfuali fpinis novem, maculaque ocellari, . roftro elon- gato fubcylidrico.. | CHATODON ROSTRATUS. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 462. JACULATOR. Ad. Angl. 1764. Indiam incolit pifcis cujus magnitudinem naturalem exprimit tabula, fluviofque praecipue amat mari prox- imos qui idcirco paululum habent falfuginis. Miran- dus omnino eft. praedandi modus, quo mufcis aliifque infectis fuper aquas volitantibus infidiatur, in que fimul ac tranfeuntia viderit, e roftro tubulato aquae guttulam tanta cum vi directe Jaculatur, ut plerumque mortua decidant. Eodem modo petit animalcula quz fuper plantas ex aquis eminentes folent confidere, difs tantia quatuor vel etiam fex pedum prius dimenfa. In In pifcina confervati hi pifces mire hujufmodi artis fpecimen dant lepidifimum. Infecitum enim margini vafis affixum illico fentiunt, et quafi certatim et pro premio jaculantes, rariffime a fcopo aberrant. Color Encelado eft pallidus, fafciis plerumque ali- quot nigricantibus tranfverfe per corpus ductis. Oculi permagni. In parte inferiore pinne dorfalis macula eft magna, rotunda, ocellata, nigra, iride feu circulo pallido cincta. Roftrum longius quam multis ejufdem generis, et a natura ad aquz ejaculationem exquifite comparatum: nomen autem triviale roffratus a Linn zo datum haud fatis fpeciem indicat, et forte aequali jure cum aliis hujus generis conveniat : hanc igitur fpeciem nomine Ezceladus diftinxi. Notandum praeterea, verifimile effe facultatem iftam aqua ejaculata przedam petendi, non omnino propriam et peculiarem effe huic fpeciei, fed et aliis forfan pau- cis inelffe. His, jit HIN i Hsu lj) THE JACULATOR, OR SHOOTING FISH. dopeteketetet pen detedetotetetedeqetetetdetzdpopde GENERIC CHARACTER, Teeth (generally) fetaceous, fmall, and very nu- merous. Body commonly fafciated tranfverfely. Dorfai- and anal Fins flefhy and ícaly toward the . bafe. _ SPECIFIC CHARACTER. WHITISH CHJETODON, with nine {pines and an ocellated fpot on the dorfal fin, and a lengthened fubcylindric fnout. The fifh here reprefented in its natural fize, is a na- tive of India, where it inhabits rivers, efpecially where the water, from its nearnefs to the fea, is a little brack- ifh. It is remarkable for the very extraordinary man- . . ner in which it takes its prey. It principally feeds on flies and other infects which hover over the waters. When it obferves one of thefe in its paffage, it fhoots | againft it from its tubular fnout a drop of water, with fo much force, and with fo fure an aim as generally to lay it dead on the furface. In the fame manner it fhoots fhoots. at fuch infects as happen to be fitting on the. tops of plants and other. projecting objects near the banks. In fhooting ata fitting infect it commonly ap- proaches to the diftance of; from fix to four feet before it explodes the water. When kept i in a fate of confinement in a large ba- fon of water, thefe: fifh afford.a high entertainment, by their dexterity i in this exercife. If a fly or other infect be faftened on the edge of the veffel, the fith inftantly penrceive.it, and, as if, contending for the prize, con- tinue to fhoot at it, with fuch admirable fkill as fcarce eyer to mifs their mark. The color of this fith i is whitifh, or very pale brown, with (commonly) four or five blackifh fafcie running acrofs the body. The eyes are very large.. On the lower part of the dorfal fin is a, very remarkable large black ocellated fpot, furrounded by a circle'of a lighter color. The fnout is finely calculated for the power of exploding water from it. The trivial name of Roftra- tus, Which LrNN vs applied to this fifh, being not fut- ficiently diftinctive of the fpecies, but applying with perhaps equal propriety to fome others of the genus, I have prefumed to fubftitute that of Enceladus. I think it neceffary to obferve that it is not improba- ble that the faculty of darting or fhooting water from the fnout may not be abfolutely peculiar to the fifh above-defcribed, but may READ take place in two or three other fpecies. :] PAPILIO ACHÍLLES deotetetete OOO EEE EEO OEE CHARACTER GENERICUS. Antenne apicem verfus craffiores, fzepius clavato- capitate. | Ale ({edentis) ere€te furfumque conniventes (vo- latu diurno). Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 744. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. PAPILIO alis dentatis : fupra nigris fafcia ceru- lea ; fubtus fufcis : ocellis tribus quinifve. Lin Syft. Nat. p. 752. Eg : Achiv, Glerb. 2c. S oA Bo. 9. nic Mer. Sur. t. 7. ? Americam Auftralem incolit grande hoc infectum, venufta quadam dignitate confpicuum. Colores inter- dum variant. Habent nempe nonnulla fpecimina faf- ciam iftam qua fplendidiffime czrulea eft latiorem multo quam alia. ^Differunt etiam tum numero tum colore pallide illae maculz ad apices alarum fuperio- rum fite, interdumque fere albae funt, et paululum ocellate, interdum fubfufco obumbrate. Superficiei inferioris inferioris color eft fufcus, ftriis pallidioribus undulatus, maculifque magnis ocellatis, quarum alba funt centra, diftinctus. . pn > "e ad 2 e A ss A ft - VO ACHILLES, OR THE CREAT BLUE-BANDED BUTTERFLY. dedetedetopetetetetetetetedetetetetetetetetedetedete GENERIC CHARACTER. The reme or Horns thickening towards the upper part, and generally terminating in a knob, or club-fhaped tip. The Wings (when fitting) ere&, and meeting up- wards, (Fgbt diurnal). SPECIFIC CHARACTER. BLACK BUTTERFLY with indented wings, croffed by a broad band of blue : the lower furface brown, with ocellated {pots. METUIT re Re ee ee ea ot ee ieee ee ee S This infect, fo remarkable for its fize and the gran- deur of its appearance, is a native of South America. It is fubject to fome variety ; the band of brilliant blue being wider in fome fpecimens than in others : there is alfo a difference in the number as well as the color of the pale fpots with which the upper wings are marked towards their tips, which in fome fpecimens are nearly white, and of a fomewhat ocellated appearance ; in | others others tinged with pale brown. ‘The lower furface of this infect is brown, undulated with paler ftreaks, and ornamented by fome large ocellated fpots with white ‘Centres or pupils, —— | 4 ANAS MERIAN X. CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum lamellofo-dentatum, convexum, obtu- fum. Lingua ciliata, obtufa. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 194. Ord. Anferes. CHARACTER. SPECIFICUS. ANAS cupreo-ferrugineo cyaneo viridique va- ria, fubtus alba, capite collo poftico remi- gumque fecundariorum apicibus caruncu- latis. Ab exemplari, quod cum aliis multis Surinamenfi- bus a lectiffima Merran eximie depictis, in Mufeo - Britannico affervatur, pulcherrimam hanc avem imi- tati fumus. Omnes quibus illam intueri datum eft femper torfit fpecies incognita. Ad Linnzr Anatis mofchate fi- militudinem, feu, ut vulgo dicitur Mofcovitice vide- tur accedere ; caput tamen pluribus tuberculis afper- gitur, per collum etiam pofticum longe decurrentibus ; quodque magis mirandum, in apicibus remigum fe- cundariorum magna horum exuberat luxuria, fafciam duplicem caruncularum per mediam alam traníverfe Hh ducentium. ducentium. Effecit res nova et inaudita ut ipfius pic- ture veritas in dubium vocetur, cum in reliquo hoc genere fruftra queratur fimile quidpiam, nec fane in alio aliquo tanta fit tuberculorum ubertas. Fatendum eft Garruli Boiohemici, qui Ampelis | Garrulus Linnz1, remiges fecundarios appendicibus complanatis corneis ruberrimifque terminari; quod et in Gallo gallinaceo, fi juxta naturam ipfam vixerit, . minus tamen perfpicue, cernitur; in extremitatibus nempe pennarum que in collo funt. Anmnor igitur in hac anatis fpecie remigibus fecundariis revera appen- dantur tubercula ; feu habeat avis certis temporibus carunculas laterales, qua per ipfas alarum pennas in- terdum protrudantur; an denique ipfa Merian, ut phyficorum ingenium exerceret, avemque formofiorem redderet, a veritate femel fciens volenfque deflexerit ; hac omnia futuris indagatoribus relinquamus neceffe. eft. Certum interim eft hodiernis phyficis plane ig- notam effe hanc avem, illamque ex antiquioribus ne- minem aut defcripfiffe aut depinxiffe. Magnitudine Anatis communis feu Bofchadis a MzR1ANA depingitur. THE MERIAN DUCK. "————— GENERIC CHARACTER. Bill broad and flattened ; the edges marked with fharp lamelle. | Tongue broad and ciliated at the edges. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. DUCK varied with copper-ferruginous, deep blue, and green : white beneath ; with the head, back of neck, and tips of fecondary wing-feathers carunculated. The very extraordinary and beautiful bird here fi- gured is accurately copied from a moft elegant drawing by the celebrated Madam Menrtan, and is one of the birds of Surinam which occur in the reprefentations by that lady now preferved in the Britifh Mufeum. This bird has uniformly puzzled every ornithologift who has viewed it, to determine its real fpecies. It is evident at firft fight that it bears a {trong affinity to the Anas mofchata of Linnaus, which is commonly called the Mofcovy Duck ; but is much more tuber- culated about the head, and even a very confiderable diftance down the back of the neck ; and what is to the laft degree fingular, the fame fort of tubercles ap- pear > eo pear in full luxuriance at the tips of the fecondary remi- ges or wing feathers, forming a double carunculated band acrofs the middle of the wing. This is a cir- cumftance fo extremely peculiar, that it has given rife to ftrong fufpicions of the fidelity of the drawing ; there being no other inftance of a fimilar appearance in the birds of this genus, or indeed, in fo ftriking a | degree, in any other. MS It is true that in the bird called the Ampelis Garru- lus, or Bohemian Chatterer, the tips of the fecondary wing-feathers are terminated by flat callous or horny appendages ofa bright red color ; and an appearance in fome degree analogous to this takes place alfo in the tips of the neck-feathers of the common cock in a ftate of Nature. Whether therefore in this fpecies of duck the tips of the fecondaries be really furnifhed with tuberculated appendages ; or whether the bird, at particular feafons may not be furnifhed with lateral caruncles, which may occafionally protrude between. the feathers of the wings as reprefented by Madam MERIAN ; or laftly, whether that ingenious lady may not in this inftance have departed a little from her ge- neral accuracy, and have given what fhe might have confidered as an additional ornament, muft be left to future enquiries to determine: certain it is that the bird is unknown to modern ornithologifts, and is nei- ther figured or defcribed by any other natural hiftorian. The fize of Madam Merran’s figure is nearly that of a common duck. : ~ HEDYSARUM GYRANS. deletetete KORO eR ERE ORR ORK CHARACTER GENERICUS. Corelle carina tranfverfe obtufa. Legumen articulis monofpermis. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 493. Diadelph : Decandr : CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. ee ee folus ternatis. : Lin. Suppl. Plantar. 1781. p. 332. Cum paucis abhinc annis ab interiori Bengala ad nos pervenerit hac planta, perculit omnino Europaeos phyficos mira illius atque antehac incognita quali- tas; motus nempe perpetuus et fpontaneus, caufis externis nec impeditus nec acceleratus, Mimofze alia- rumque nonnullarum more negans irritari. Efficitur hic motus alternatim convenientibus et recedentibus duobus parvulis foliis utrinque ad pediculos fitis, quae per totum fere diem leni hoc exercitio agitantur. Apud nos tamen non femper expectationi refpondet Hedyfarum Gyrans, frigus fentiens torpidum, aerem- que pigrum et a nativo longe diverfum, manenfque me- ridiem, languido et imbecillo conatu vim infitam egre evocat : clariffimum argumentum mitiores zephyrorum auras, mollemque coeli Indici temperiem hypocaufto- rum vaporibus male permutari. In Gangetica terra facili- facillimus et liberrimus eft hujus plantz motus, quam facram habent incole, czeterif{que longe digniorem. Spontaneo huic motui nihil adhuc in vegetabilibus fimile repertum eft: inter plurima eft quae oculis, non intellectu cernuntur, quaeque non poffumus non admi- rari, ignorantiam fatentes. In Europa ad altitudinem duorum vel trium pedum plerumque crefcit, foliaque gerit lzete viridia, quorum media pars magis eft glauca ; florefque rubentes fub- caeruleo tinctos, et interdum flavefcentes. Lenton Published fune ttiggn ly FR AG alae MER seems euet E ANIMATED HEDYSARUM, OR THE MOVING PLANT. eee lOO OOOO POE PEP GENERIC CHARACTER. Keel of the Coro//a tranfverfely obtule. Legume with fingle-feeded joints. | SPECIFIC CHARACTER. HEDYSARUM with ternate leaves. The plant of which a figure is here given was fome years backwards tranfmitted to us from the interior parts of Bengal, and ftruck the European Naturalifts with aftonifhment at a phaenomenon till then unknown amongít vegetables ; viz. a conftant and voluntary motion ; unconnected with any peculiar irritability, as in the fenfitive plants and fome others, and neither ac. celerated or retarded by external caufes. The motion confifts in the alternate meeting and receding of the two {mall appendages or leafets fituated on each fide the footítalks, and which are engaged in this gentle exercife during the greateft part of the day. In our own country, however, it is not always that the fpecimens of this curious plant, in an air fo differ- ent from that of their native regions, exhibit themfelves to advantage : they frequently feel the benumbing ef- fects \ fects of an unfavorable climate, and only make a faint and feeble'attempt towards the middle of the day, at exerting their extraordinary faculty ; a convincing proof how much the artificial heat of a northern ftove is inferior to the genial warmth and balmy foftnefs of its native Indian atmofphere ! It is there that it exerts its wonderful motions with unreftrained freedom, and is regarded as a facred plant, poffeffed of powers fu- perior to the common race of vegetables. This voluntary motion is not analogous to any other yet obferved in plants: it is one of thofe numerous phenomena which we are obliged to view without un- derftanding, and to admire without being able to explain. . E" | The fpecimens raifed in Europe generally rife to about the height of two or three feet : the leaves are of a bright green with the middle part of a more glaucous appearance than the reft: the flowers are of a pale red, flightly tinged with blueifh, and fometimes yellowifh. SERTULARIA SETACEA. 3npdtetetoteqoltetotejeietotetotetetetetotetedetet depuis CHARACTER GENERICUS. Flores Hydre. Szirps radicata, fibrofa, nuda, articulata: articu- lis unifloris. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 1306. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Ge. SERTULARIA fimplex pinnata, pinnis alter- nis fubincurvatis, denticulis obfoletis re- motiffimis fecundis, ovariis oblongo-tubu- latis axillaribus. Y Ellis. Zooph. p. A7. SERTULARIA PINNATA. 2, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 1912. Genus Sertularize, exemplum admirabile exftat ani malis fub fpecie vegetabilis. Tam apprime enim plantas repreefentant pleraeque Sertularize fpecies, ut pene ab omnibus pro mufcis marinis habitz, itaque ab hiftoriee naturalis ftudiofis defcripta fint. Solertiffimus autem nuper defunctus Errisrus plane probavit hzec fimulata vegetabilia veras effe hydras, feu polypos ma- rinos ; ab hydris aquarum dulcium in hoc differentes, quod habeant corneam velut thecam corporum ramu- li los los cingentem, defendentemque' ab omnibus injuriis quas in elemento tam turbido et feroci nuda? experiren- tur. | Sertularize rupibus, conchis alüfque, ftolonibus, feu radicibus velut repentibus affiguntur ; et hoc modo plantis videnturfimillima. Corpufcula illa ovata, que in axillis ramulorum confpiciuntur, pro ovariis ab Er- pis1o habentur, credunturque continere ova, et inter- dum etiam foetus plane formatos. Species Sertulariz numerofiffima exítant, quarum plures funt vulgatiffi- ma. | Species quam hic depingi curavimus ab ErrLrsro mutuati fumus, utpote ftructurz qualitates peculiares probe exprimentem. Pars animalis, velut medulla, undique per corneam thecam diffufa eft; et ex fingulo ramulorum denticulo fub forma capitis hydrze protru- ditur cum fuis tentaculis. Ovaria, ut vocat EL.isius, in axillis ramorum fita funt. ^ Sertularie, ficut hy- dre aquarum dulcium, omnia animalcula predantur que tentaculis fuis fors obtulerit. Fig. 1. Animal magnitudine naturali, Fig.2. Idem microfcopio auctum, ES 74 iO 362 Mis pial erect. RP Nedder [270 [e Bittisted June 1 erga Ly THE SMALL SEA-BRISTLE CORALLINE, ————— ÉD ES GENERIC CHARACTER. A compound Hydra or Polype ramified in the manner of a plant, included in a horny cale, and affixed by its bale. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Cc. SIMPLY PINNATED SERTULARIA, with bent alternate pinne furnifhed with very remote procefles growing on one fide only, and oblong axillary ovaries. bobus SEA-BRISTLE CORALLINE. Ellis Zoopb. p. 47. Ellis's Corallines, pl. 38. fig. 4. The genus Sertularia affords a moft curious proof of an animal body under the appearance of a vegetable. So very great is the fimilarity which moft of tbe fpe- cies bear to plants, that they have almoft univerfally been regarded as a fort of fea-moffes, and as fuch have been defcribed by moft naturalifts; but the late inge- nious Mr. Errrs feems to have clearly proved that thefe apparent vegetables are no other than real marine polypes or hydras; which differ from the frefh-water polypes in being provided by Nature with a horny cafe cafe or tube, accompanying the ramifications of their - bodies, and ferving to defend them from the numerous difafters to which they would otherwife be liable, if left naked in the tumultuous wa ge in which they are deftined to refide. They adhere to rocks, fhells, &c. by creeping pro-, ceffes, which bear the appearance of fpreading roots, and thus contribute ftill farther to their plant-like af- . pect. The oval bodies which are fo frequently feen feated at the bafes of the lateral branches, are fuppofed by Mr. Ellis to be the ovaries of the animal, contain- ing the eggs, and fometimes the completely-formed young. The fpecies of Sertularia are extremely nume- rous, and are very common. The fpecies here figured we have copied from the works of Mr. Exxis, as it ferves to fhew in the cleareft and moft diftin& manner poffible, the feveral particu- lars of the fuppofed ftructure. ‘The animal part likea medulla or pith, is every where feen through the tranf- parent horny coat ; and at every denticulation of the branches it is protruded in the form of a polype-head with its tentacula. The fuppofed ovaries are fituated in theaxilla of the branches. “The Sertularize; like the frefh-water polypes, prey on fuch fmall animalcules as happen to fall in the way of their tentacula. Fig. 1. reprefents the animal in its natural fize. Fig. 2. fhews it magnified by a microfcope. ' STRUTHIO RHEA. PALI IA PE EEO CHARACTER GENERICUS. Roftrum fabconicum, depreffum. Nares ovate. Ale ad volandum inepte. — Pedes curforii. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, STRUTHIO pedibus tridactylis, --Ab exemplari pulcherrimo Americano, in Mufeum Leverianum nuperrime illato nunc primum depingitur avis exoticarum fere omnium rariffima, quamque pro- babile eft non modo non vidiffe Europzos phyficos, fed pene ignoraffe,. Struthioni licet communi feu Africano primo intuitu fimillima fit Rhea, alarum tamen penne, utcunque ad volandum inutiles, non modo longe majores funt, fed et laxa et quafi divari- cate; et utrinque fuper axillas exftat fafciculus plu- mofus elongatus, torquem efficiens, quali propemodum diftinguitur cervix Tetraonis Umbelli. Facillime vero fpeciem denotat, Linnzoque pro charattere fpe- cifico inferviit pedum forma, qui trida&tyli funt, digius Kk omnibus 4 omnibus antrorfum fpeCtantibus, ungulatis, et equali fere magnitudine; cum habeat pes Struthionis com- munis duos digitos, quorum major tantum unguibus infiruitur. Color Rhez, in hoc faltem fpecimine, eft terreo-fufcus, fubtus pallidior, pennis alarum inter- mediis feu interioribus albis. Cauda vix difcerni poteft; in uropigio tamen paulo produftiores funt penne quam in reliquo corpore. Crura pedefque nigricant. ; Notandum eft in America tantum Auftrali reperiri hanc fpeciem, et pullum forfitan fuiffe avém que in Mufea Leveriano affervatur; eft enim Struthione Africano dimidio minor. z Mea S ees Es = THE AMERICAN OSTRICH, 5938948 Ub Feb A ue Ee d) bed GENERIC CHARACTER, Bl OPE. rounded at the end. Wings ufelefs for flight. Legs naked above the knee. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, OSTRICH with three-toed feet. : The Struthio Rhea, or American Oftrich, one of the rareft of exotic birds, and which appears to have been hitherto almoft unknown in Europe, and fcarce ever feen by any European naturalift, and which moft certainly has never before been figured, is here faith- fully reprefented from a very fine fpecimen lately fent from America to the Leverian Mufeum. In its habit, or general appearance, this bird at firft fight bears a ‘near refemblance to the common or African Oftrich ; but the wings, though ufelefs for flight; are compofed of feathers which greatly exceed thofe of the common oftrich: they are alfo loofer, and more divaricated or Kk 2 Ífpread fpread than in that fpecies; and on each fide the neck, juft above the axillae, is a fafciculus of long feathers, forming a fort of ruff, almoft in the fame manner as in the Tetrao Umbellus, or ruffed heathcock ; but what eafily diftinguifhes this fpecies, and which Linnaus has made ufe of for his fpecific chara&er of the bird, is, that the feet are not didaétylous, or compofed of two toes, as in the common or African fpecies, but are tridaétylous, or compofed of three diftin& toes; all which point forwards, and are nearly alike as to proportion: they are likewife all three furnifhed with claws; whereas in the common oftrich there are only two toes, of which the primary or large one alone is clawed. The colour of this bird (at leaft in the prefent Ípecimen) is earthy-brown, paler beneath, and the intermediate orinterior wing-feathers are white. There is fcarce any appearance of a tail, but the feathers on the rump are a very little longer than in other parts. The legs and feet are blackifh. I fhould obferve, that this fpecimen is probably not a full-grown one, and is fcarcely half the fize of the common or African oftrich. Me USribel OR DAT Us. I EEE EEO — f CHARACTER GENERICUS., Dentes Primores inferiores fubulati. e 3 [1 [I Y; | Lin. $yf. Nar. p. 79. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, Sc. MUS rufus; corporis ftriis pluribus albo-guttatis. MUS Orientalis. Seba 92 € 91:7 E, 91 Pall. Ghir. p. go. No. 97. .In calidioribus ut plurimum mundi partibus, in India precipue Orientali reperitur mus hicce parvu- lus et pulcherrimus. Color eft rufus feu ferrugineo- fufcus, fubtus pallidior magifque albicans. Ornantur dorfum et latera crebris ordinibus pun€torum alborum que formam ovatam obtinent. Crura quoque et cauda fubalbida funt. Cum ingenio fit Mus ftriatus miti admodum et innocuo facillime manfuefcit. Magnitu- dine muri vulgari paululum cedit. THE STRIPED MOUSE. Se Le De ae eee ee ee ed GENERIC CHARACTER; Two cutting teeth in each jaw. Four toes before; five behind. Slender taper tail. SPECIFIC CHARACTER; Sc: RUFOUS MOUSE, with the body marked by feveral rows of oval white {pots. ORIENTAL RAT. Penn: Quadrs p. 445: This little animal, fo eminently diftinguifhed by the beauty of its appearance, is chiefly found in the warmer regions of the globe, and particularly in. the Eaft-Indies. Its colour is a ferruginous or reddifh brown, paler, or more inclining to white beneath, and decorated on the back and fides by feveral rows of {mall oval fpots of white. The tail and legs alfo incline to whitifh. It is eafily tamed, and its difpos fition is perfe&ly mild and gentle. It is fomewhat lefs than the common moufe. c 27/21 p "6L re » y 72 tapteoz— meo omo Sty py PPS fp ug Fp 6: qm A PYIPL vs Ee uper ics ccc = - uc. A TE s 4 A EUR NE : ren iu cr as "eA TET RE . 2 x foe 7: ; Ff) eo Se, É- See, sae, LAV MA Lu — D d id Eu Spe. =, DUST ES ON D E AREA C E HT A y Se Se yt A yy ymyphp nos n e COLUBER MA A HEPES CHARACTER GENERICUS, Scuta abdominalia. Squame fabcaudales. Lin, Syff. Nat. p. 275. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, COLUBER FERRUGINEO-FLAVESCENS, collo (plerumque) multum dilatato macula- que fupra confpicillata albo nigroque varia. notato, Scuta abdominalia circiter 193. Squame fubcaudales 60. . Inter Siürapecadm commoda jure poteft reputari ferpentum "venenoforum paucitas, qui in Indie et Africz vaftis regionibus, nec non in Americe late patentibus defertis denfo et horrendo dominantur ag- mine; nonnulli in exitium humani generis nimis, heu! lethaliter armati. Omnes virulenti ferpentes dentibus tubulatis ve- nenum per foramen e facculo maxillari in vulnus in- flantibus, inftru€ti funt. Sunt tamen alii illis charac- teres quibus aliquatenus ab innoxüs ferpentibus dif- tingui tingul poffunt. Notavit Dominus Gray, in Adis Anglicis plerofque venenofos ferpentes caput latum, depreflum, fquamis minutis te&um habere; corporaque Íquamis carinatis, feu linea elevata notatis obduéta : at e contrario, innoxiis ferpentibus, qui morfu tantum fimplici ledunt, caput plerumque effe parvum, fquamis magnis et latis adopertum, corpufque fquamis levibus, feu.non carinatis. Hi autem characteres generales habendi funt, nec funt improvide et indubitanter re- ciplendi. Ita fe rem habere fpecies depicta exemplum eft clarifimum. Eft enim hic ferpens inter pefliferos fere diriffimus; et tamem externis illis fpecierum per- niciofarum chara&eribus non diftinguitur ; fed ut in-- nocuo ferpenti caput eft illi plerumque parvum, fqua- mis magnis te€tum; corpufque fquamis levibus, feu non carinatis, Tremendum hocce animal in India Orientali inve- nitur. Morfus ejus non minus quàm Crotali funeftus eft. Ab Indie tamen incolis interdum capitur, et telis, feu dentibus tubulatis extra&tis (mirum di&u !) manfuefcit, et in varios modos, ad: domini nutum, velut faltans, fe contorquet; et fzpe pro fpe@aculo exhibetur. Nota, quam in collo habet fingularem, diverfis fpeciminibus plus minus vivida eft. Color etiam totius corporis in diverfis aliquatenus differt. In longitudinem aliquot pedum interdum crefcit hic ferpens. Cum monftra hzc, regiones calidiores orbis incolen- tia, animo occurrunt, gratulari nobifmetipfis merito poffumus de noftra fecuritate; et lubentiflime antepo-- namus hyemis feptentrionalis incommoda, pigrofque campos - x Wo vp campos et diu infru&uofos, perenni climatis zftati, et floribus perpetuo ridentibus, quibus India utraque fuperbit: at ubi, proh dolor! viator incautus, media inter gaudia, fato fubitanco corripitur. THE SPEO PAO E Shak TI. OR COBRA pe CAPPELLO. Se a a a Ce a a dee GENERIC CHARACTER, 'Tranfverfe Lame//ez under the abdomen. Broad alternate Scaf&er under the tail. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, FERRUGINOUS-YELLOW SNAKE, with the neck (generally) much dilated, and marked above by a fpectacle-fhaped {pot of | black and white. The abdominal plates are about 193. The fubcaudal fcales 6o. In Europe the noxious part of the ferpent tribe is happily confined to a very few poifonous fpecies; but the vaft regions of India and Africa, and the extenfive wilds of America, are infefted by a variety of thefe dreadful reptiles; fome of which are but too well pro- vided with the fatal power of deftroying mankind by their bite. . Such ay tar tes uà Mp list bof pompam LAE prag PRE "e a 7 a Ln warnt c AI: Jn i} fh a Mii ii (| Br i 7 "7 ey 7j 7, (i) qu $/ Such ferpents ds are of à venomous ature, are fürnifhed with tubular fangs, or teeth, through which iheir poifon, which is contained in refervoirs at the roots of the fangs, is inje&ed into the wound. Befides the fangs, there are in genetal fome external charac- ters which may in fome meafure ferve to diftinguifh the poifonous ferpents from the innoxious ones: thus it has been obferved by the ingenious Dr. Gray, in the Philofophical Tranfa&ions, that the generality of poifonous ferpents have a broad, depreffed head, co- vered with fmall fcales; and that their bodies aré commonly covered with carinated fcales, 7. e. fcales which have a prominent line upon them. On the contrary, the innoxious ferpents; or fuch as can merely infli& a fimple wound, have generally a fmallifh head, covered with large broad fcales, and the body covered with fmooth fcales, or not carinated: but thefe are chara&ters which admit of exceptions, and are merely to be regarded in a general view. The fpecies here figured is a ftriking inftance of this, and (as Dr. Gray obferves) is in every refpeét a complete exception to what has been, faid refpe&ing thé diftin&ion between venomous and innoxious ferpents; for though this is one of the moft terrible of the whole tribe, yet it is not diftinguifhed by thofe external marks of malignity which commonly chara&terize the poifonous fpecies : on the contrary, it agrees with the innoxious ferpents in having a fmallifh head, covered with very large fcales; while the body is covered with fmooth fcales; This formidable animal is a native of the Eaft-Indies, Its bite is not lefs deftru&ive than that of the Rattles Snake. Snake. It is faid however to be fometimes caught by the Indians, and after having its fangs drawn, to be in fome degree tamed, fo as to be taught to throw itfelf into various fantaftic attitudes, .as if dancing; and in this condition is often exhibited in India as a fhew. The very fingular mark on the neck is much more apparent in fome fpecimens than in others. The colour alfo of the whole body is deeper or lighter in different fpecimens. It grows to the length of fome feet. | Refle&ing on thefe horrid natives of the hotter re- gions of the globe, we may congratulate ourfelves on our own happy ftate of fecurity, and may well be willing to prefer the rigours of a northern winter, with a temporary lofs of vegetation, to the continued warmth of climate, and ever-blooming verdure, which diftinguifh the beautiful regions of both the Indies ; where alas! the incautious traveller may meet with fudden fate in the midft of the moft enchanting fcenes which nature can difplay. INDE X. f X CES autumnalis. . Acarusivegetans. . Anas Meriane. . Boa Conftrictor. . &9- Bradypus urfinus. . Buceros Rhinoceros. . Chezetodon armatus. . Chetodon Enceladus. . Coluber Naja. . Dionza Mufcipula. . Gryllus migratorius. . Hedyfarum gyrans. . Julus maximus. . Lacerta Salamandra. . Lacerta platura. . Loxia jugularis. . Mantis Gigas. . Mus faliens. . Mus ftriatus. 3. Mufcicapa porphyrobroncha . Papilio Menelaus. | . Papilio Achilles. . Pennatula phofphosea. . Petaurus auftralis. . Picus minimus. . Pfittacus gloriofus. . Pfittacus magnificus. . Simia Sphinx ? . Sertularia fetacea. . Siren lacertina. . Stapelia hirfuta. . Strix Nyétea, var. . etruthio Rhea. . Sorex bicolor. . Trochilus Colubris. . Voluta araufiaca. IN DE X, rg iva! A Arcana S autumnal. . Baboon variegated. Rae CO to . Boa great. . Butterfly filver-blue. . Butterfly great blue-banded. . Chatodon long-fpined. €n [ed Cr OD +s SSI OQ RO: . Cockatoo magnificent. . Coralline fea-briftle. . Duck Merian. . Fly-trap Venus's. . Fly-catcher purple-throated . Grofsbeak red-throated. . Horn-bill great. . Humming-bird red-throated . Hedyfarum animated. . Jaculator. + 46. Julus great. 3 38. Jerboa Siberian. * 65. Lizard broad-tailed, X 62. Locuft wandering, X 49. Mantis giant. € Art A™ Dw O SO nm NID eB O OQ = )SxRetetotetet he EMA MEE RII oportet dots OOOO on €n ^u o X 64. Mite vegetating. & 73. Moufe ftriped. »* * 47. Owl fnowy, var. t 72. Oftrich American. * 39- Pennatula phofphoric. X 59. Parrot Pennantian. X 60. Petaurus fouthern. X 61. Siren. * 74. Snake fpectacle. 3x I * 54: Stapelia fetid. * 59. 59. Sloth urfine. X 55- Shrew water, X 45. Salamander. x 52. Volute orange-flriped. ke , 4 44. Woodpecker minute, TED mene LA ST 9 viu : / i ) ^ 1 ' i ay I » L 1 i