^^

Per
N148

,.L

^^e New England

Tobacco Grower

VOL. VI. No. J. HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, SEPTEMBER, 1904. $1.00 A YEAR

THe New E-ng'land Tobacco Growers* Association

August 13, 1904.

At a meeting of the members of The New England Tobacco
Growers' Association, held in Springfield, Massachusetts,
August 13, 1904, the following resolutions were unanimously
adopted:

RESOLVED: That we are unalterably opposed to any change
of the tobacco schedule of the Dingley tariff law; we strenu-
ously disapprove of all attempts to enact a uniform duty on
leaf tobacco imported into this country, imposing a duty of
the same amount on poor tobacco and good; and we further de-
sire to reiterate our opposition to any further reductions of
tariff duties on tobaccos grown either in the Island of Cuba
or in the Philippines.

RESOLVED: That a copy of these resolutions be sent to
each Senator and Representative in the Fifty-Eighth Congress.

Edmund Halladay, President.

Thaddeus Graves \

E. N. Phelps VCommittee on Resolutions.

Frank Abbe

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Packers are Sampling

Discussion of Certain TKemes in NcMr YorK
SKade-Gro'virn is Gaining

^AMTLING time, with its pleasures
^"^ and ilisapponitments, is again
with us. Tobaci-o that seeius to be
perfect in every way when put into
the cases frequently goes wrong in its
sweaty slumber, but it is astonishing
how often we iind packers who put
poor tobacco in the boxes and expect to
see it sample out in fine condition.
These people can souieliow never be
brought to realize the fact that the age
of miracles passed into history some
centuries ago.

Packing tobacco in Cuba is not nearly
so popnlar with manufacturers as it
was a few years ago. It looked at one
time as if every clear Havana cigar
manufacturer in the country would
"get the habit'' but some unfortunate
ventures on the part of certain packers
chilled the enthusiasm. While it is
very necessary for the manufacturers
to bny their tobacco right if they ex-
pect to succeed in business, it is much
better for them to leave the buying
from first hands to others. They will
fare better in the end by paying the
packer a little jirofit, and be in a posi-
tion to make their selections with a
free hand.

Some of the brokers are wasting a
lot of shoe-leather trying to tintl certain
fancy grades of domestic toliacco for
jobbers which they can sell at a profit.
A hioker told me yesterday that he
had spent two weeks trying to get to-
gether a lot of 80 cases of Connecticut
tobacco for a Western jobber, but he
had giveu up the job in disgust. The
jobber had giveu him a limit in piice,
he said, and the holders of such goods
as he wanted refused to let them go at
these figures, for the reason that man-
ufacturers were taking the tobacco
freely at the packers' terms.

My uncle is strongly of the opinion
that shade-grown tobacco will yet be
a success in Connecticut. He says
that in Cuba, Porto Rico and Florida
it has been demonstrated beyond a
doubt that a very superior article can
be grown under shade, and he believes
that while tiie progress in New Eng-
land will be slower than in the places
mentioned above, it will be none the
less sure. The unfavorable growing
seasons for the past two years together
with the work of tlie Knockers' Club,
have been important factors in letard-
ing the development of the shade-
grown industry in this section of the
country.

As the supply of really fine l!)0:i
Connecticut Broad leaf is comparative-
ly small, the fortunate holders are in
no huiry to part with it. On such to
bacco the packer can "sit tight'' and
wait tor the manufacturer to come and

see him, which he must do this year,
as there is not enough to supply the
demand. With the common kinds the
situation is quite different. - The Be-
ginner in the New York Tobacco Leaf.

Mail Box Signs

It is a great convenience in driving
through the country, to see the names
of the fanners on the mail boxes by the
roadside. The man should be person-
ally identified with the place he farms.
Even if there is no business to transact
with the farmer at the time or in the
futuer, the passer by lakes an interest
in this place or that as he sees the
beauty, improvements, manner of
farming and keeping up the jiremi-ses,
the flocks, herds, etc., and he would
like to know who is resjionsiblo for
that sort of a place. He may meet the
farmer in the future, see his name in
print or hear it mentioned, and it will
increa.se interest in both the farm and
the farmer to be able to associate the
two. As the paint wears off the mail-
box the ownei 's name becomes too dim
to read, and should be renewed in
black letters. Whether the farmer
lives on a mail route or not, it wouhl
be a very nice thing to put up a sign
giving the name of the fanner, and if
he be a tenant, to also giv the name
of the owner of tiie place. — Woodbury
Connecticut Reporter.

Andrews & Peck^

MANUFACTURERS,
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The favor which the Postal met since it '
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STOCKS AND DIES

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STILLSON WRENCHES i8i„ch, «.65, ^ ..ca. «.4o.
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Metropolitan Material Company

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BROOKLYN, NEW YORK

Tobacco GroAver

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, SEPTEMBER, 1904

Finest in Years

Ne-w England Tobacco Crop of AVonclerful
GrowtK and AVrapper Excellence

Broad Brook

Once more the {^ntliering of the
tobacco plants is niiiking active the
farm life in Broad Brook and vicinity,
and this year the work of liarvesting
the leaf is not an unpleasant task for
the farmer, for the tobacco is in excel-
lent condition. Mid-Angust saw tho
gathering of the first tobacco of the
season in Broad Brook, and slowly the
barns are being opened to receive
another crop— a better one than has
been raised in the valley for several
years past.

The tobacco season did not open
auspiciously, but it is closing excel-
lently. In Broad Brook and vicinity
there have been no high winds, no
severe rains and no hailstoims. In
short the atmospheric conditions have
been unusually favorable to the suc-
cessful raising of a tobacco crop. Not
even worms or grasshoppers have left
their indelible marks upon the leaves,
wliich, unharmed, are so valuable, and
which, damaged, mean such an enor-
mous financial loss to the growers.

E. N. Meyer has harvested his entire
crop.

The growers in this section agree
that conditions have not for years been
so favorable to high prices for their
products as they are at the present
time.

Harvesting is progressing fairly well.
E. N. Myers was the first to begin.

The condition of the tobacco as it
goes in the shed is good, the best we
have had for three or four years. No
calico and very few green worms.

Help is not very plentiful.

Max SSchratlich suffered the loss of a
barn a horse, a quantity of hay and
his farming implements on the after-
noon of August 1, when lightning
struck the barn. The property buined
was valued at irjOO, with small insur-
ance.

J. R. NORRIS, Jk.

Copper Hill

Tobacco was looking very fine in
this neighborhood, one of the best fields
being that of Gilbert Griffin in the
Hungary district.

Part of the Newgate property is to
be restored by A. B. Phelps.

Somers

The barn of H. K. Kibbe has been
damaged by lightning.

King Street, Enfield

Lightning caused considerable dis-
truction on the farm of Harry Allen
in the early morning of August 3.
The lightning struck the large barn at
the northeast corner, and this building
was destroyed, together with a tobacco
sorting shed, two other sheds, 25 tons
of hay and six head of cattle.

The dwelling was saved with aid of
neighbors. The lo.ss amounts to about
)?3,000 partly covered by insurance.

Poquonock

(3eorge Parsons of Hartford has sold
to Hugh Durnin of Windsor Locks the
jiroperty known as the half-way house,
with 30 acres of land. Mr. Durnin
will commence raising chickens on a
large scale at once, and next season
will grow tobacco under cloth.

Warehouse Point

Lightning struck a _ tobacco shed
owned by J. H. Siinonds during a
severe shower of August 1. During
the same storm an apple tree on the
farm of James Price was struck by a
bolt, which subsequently wandered into
a tobacco field.

Cranby

Hon. Charles Coffey and G. B.
Griffin began harvesting tobacco the
first day of August.

Feeding Hills

Cutting co'nmenced at the Smith
farm August 8, and they are putting
in about eight acres a day. They have
in cultivation 140 acres. In spite of
the numerous sheds the growth of tlie
crop being so large, more room is
needed for hanging, so they have put
in a tobacco curer, expecting to fill,
cure, and strip the first hanging and
hang again in the same sheds. The
tobacco raised on this farm is mostly
hybred. They have about the. same
amount under cloth as last year, 40
acres, which is all cut and hung as
uncovered tobacco, not picked as for-
merly.

The tobacco in this section is of large
growth, exceptionally sound and is
going into the sheds in good condition.
With good weather for curing it
will be the best crop in j'ears.

J. H. C.

Bucktand

Tobacco cutting began at the Hart-
man farm the middle of August.
About (iO acres will be harvested.
The crop is in fine condition. None
of this year's crop is tenteil. An ad-
ditional tobacco shed will be needed to
house the crop and a building 31x144
is being erected.

New Milford

The tobacco growers have had a very
good season, the crop running very
much lietter than last year. Help has
been plentiful and the work has gone
along smoothly.

The acreage is about the same this
season as last. W. D. Wanzer has
built a new shed. All old tobacco has
been sold except one or two lots of
seed-leaf.

The writer has a field of one acre of
Havana seed under cloth, a very fine
crot>. J. Leroy Buck.

Railroad Company Settles

The suit of Jane E. Bishop and Mary
B. Bishop of Avon as administrators of
the estate of Fitch L. Bishop, late of
Avon, and others, against the New
York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad
Company has been withdrawn from
the superior court, a settlement hav-
ing been reached.

The plaintiffs sued to recover for
the value of a tobacco warehouse
which it was alleged took fire from
sparks from a locomotive on July 11,
lyuu, and was burned with its con-
tents. Claim was made for |1,.500
damages. One of the lawyers who
was asked as to the amount the rail-
road company paid in settlement, said
that the terms were private but that
"the plaintiffs and the defendant were
well pleased with the settlement."

Mew Smuggling Scheme

The customs officials believe they
have nipped in the bud what might
have led to a wholesale scheme of
smuggling from Canada into the
United States. A few days ago the
post-office authorities in Bufifalo came
across a suspicious-looking package
mailed in Canada and addressed to a
woman in Erie, Pa. The package con-
tained a paper-covered book, and it
was found, upon opening it, that the
interior of the book had been cut out
and twelve cigars packed into the
space. The customs officials are of
the opinion that the package was sent
as a feeler, and that if it had been
successful the next package might
have Contained expensive cigars; those
in the package detected being but
cheap smokes.

aiS'fi

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

President Bijur

Springfield SpeecH by Head of tHe National
Cigar Leaf A.ssociation

A BIJUR of New York, Preaiileiit
• of the Nation;il Cigar Leaf
Association, said at the Siiringfiehl
moeting:

The results of the Spiuish War left
the United States in temporary or
peruiauent possession of three toliMcco
growing ctiintries, Porto Rico, Cuba
and the Philippines. Unfuitunately
for our interest, the production of
sugar was their only other industry
that conflicted with American produc-
tion. Tobacco and sugiir, important
trades thouf^b they be, form of course,
only a small minority of the business
interests of this couiitry. So that
when the unfortunate pnerty of our
new Island possessions was contrasted
with onr own glittering prosperity, a
general demand sprang up that they be
given a chance to share our happy con-
dition; and as the vast majority of
trades would remain unaffected by
competition with the Island products.
the relief suggested for them was the
removal of the tariff on toliacco, cigars
and sugar. We were to pay the piper,
and the other American trades to en-
joy the fiuits of a reciprocity insti-
tuted at our expense alone.

When this movement for the aboli-
tion of the tobacco and cigar taiiff
began in the interest of Porto Rico, we
tobacco men raised practically no ob-
jections, as we realized that Porto
Rico was and would continue a small
producer, and also that it would cer-
tainly become a ])ermauent, and desir-
able possession of this country. Trade
between Porto Rico and the rest of the
United States is today perfectly free,
but the reports received from her
huancial conditions are not such as to
indicate any great value in the tariff
removal prescription for lier ill?.

No sooner was the Porto Rican
matter settled than agitation began to
give Cuban tobacco similar treatment.
Cuban tobacco enjoys the reputiition of
being the best tobacco in the woild.
In spite of our 3.5 cents per pound duty
on it, we had lor yeais taken tliree-
quarters of the Island's e,xport-< of to-
bacco. Not satisfied with tl.is t' e
Cubans and their sympathizers, urged
that a reduction of at least 50 per cent,
of this duty was necessary to the con-
tinued popularity of tobacco growing
in Cuba. And this in face of tlie fact
that Cuba imposed an absolutely pro-
hibitive duty of I.'). 00 per pound on
American tobacco, as contrasted with
our 85 cents per pound duty on
hers. After two years of fighting cm
our put, our concession was finally
put at 20 per cent, i eduction, and the
most farcial I'eciprocity treaty ever
conceived was passed by Congress.

Cuba was to abate not one per cent, of
her 15.00 duty on our tobacco, but we
reduced our 35 per cent, rate on hers
to 38 cents per pound; the American
producers of practically everything else
got prefeiential rates in Cuba bj' this
treaty, and the tobacco men got noth-
ing, and had to pay for it.

Tliis scheme is so deliglitful and un-
olijectionable to almost eveiybody but
the tobacco men that it is proposed to
try it on us again with Philippine to-
bacco and cigars. We have already a
tariff arrangement with the Philippines
reducting the rates on their products
25 per cent. But newspapers, both
Republican and Democratic, trade
papers, and even officials of our Ad-
ministration, are clamoring that this
is not enough, and that we must grant
absolutely free trade. Let us examine
what such a measure will cost us, that
we may know how earnestly we need
combat it.

The Philippine Islands comprise an
area of almost 140,000 square miles,
almost three times Cuba's; and a
population of 10,000,000, more than
five times Cuba's. They import cheap
labor from Cliina, an inexhaustible
source of supply, which is only a few
hours distant. The chief present merit
of th^ir tobacco and cigars is their
low cost; they export about some 20,-
000,000 pounds of leaf tobacco annually
at an average "of less than five cents
per pound. It costs you more than
twice this to produce your tobacco,
without the cost of sorting and pack-
ing it. The export of the United
States Department of Agriculture says
in his report that the "Philppine
Islands can and should produce cigar
filler toliacco that is fully equal to the
finest product of the famous Vuelta
Abajo district of Cuba, and a cigar
wrapper equal to Sumarta tobacco."
If events will bear out these state-
ments, with the aid of clieap coolie
labor and the absence of any tariff
duty, it needs no prophetic eye to see
the annihilation of the cigar leaf to-
bacco growing industrj' of the United
States.

But let us examine this (luestion as
it is. not as it uiaj' or will be, with the
one exception tliat we must naturally
grant that the removal of the duty on
Pliilippine tobacco and cigars will at
least stimulate an increase in present
Philippine production. You have
then this spectacle afforded by our
country; on the one hand it sets its
face against coolie labor as injurious
to our domestic injuries, by absolutely
forbi Iding the Chinese entry to tlie
country; on tlie otlier hand it is urged
to att'ord a market to the product of
coolie labor by remitting the duties on
Philippine cigars and tobacco. Can
anything be more absurd and illogical '(

These products of the Philippines,
on their present merits, will compete
orly with the cheaper grade of oirr
cigars, that are made entirely of
domestic tobacco. They will not dis-
place one pound of the tobacco we now
import; they can displace only tobacco
of American growth, or cigars made
of American tobacco. There is no
vacancy for Philippine cigars and to-
bacco to fill ; the demands of our smok-
ing public are amply provided for by
our own production and out-put. The
majority of the Philipjiine Island cigar
makers get as daily wages 87^2 cents;
this is for skilled labor, and while I
am unable to state the wages of the
field hands, it is reasonable to believe
that tney are materially less. We pay
11.50 a day for worK in our tobacco
fields. We are a white race and we
have the wants of a civilizel people in
a temperate climate. Our working
people must receive wages high ei.ough
to pay for what thej' are accustomed to
eat and wear, and for lodging. The
native Filipino and the Chinaman,
which two classes constitute the labor
of the islands, have standards of living
entiily different from ours, and their
small necessities are reflected in the
low v\ages for which they work. We
cannot compete because conditions are
unequal; the free admission of Philip-
pine tobacco and cigars would compel
many of us to seek another moans of
livelihood.

The whole .scheme of free entry for
Philippine products is merely ill-con-
sidered philanthrophy. There has
never been a natural market here for
their cigars and tobacco; the proposi-
tion is to afford one voluntarily, to in-
vite an invasion of our markets by
an article produced by Chinese or
Philipiiino labor, with which we are
least fitted to compete. What sound
reason can there be to destroy oirr
prosperity in order to make cjnc itions
easier for the brown and yellow men
of AsiaV

APPARATUSof all kinds,

of large or small capaclly,
Mounted & Portable Outfits.

Send for special Catatoguc

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PULLEYS, SHAFTING AND BELTING

for I'.iwiT K.iuil'Mii'iit "f Kai-l.in.-s .-uiil Mills.

WINDMILLS, TANKS

AND TOWERS,

Pipe, Fittings and Hose.

In writing for ('at:iloguo ule.-ise specify which
one you want.
"We make .a specialty of AVater Supply Out-
lit s for I'ountry E.^^taU-s.

CHARLES J. JAGER COMPAN\

174 HIGH ST., BOSTON, MASS.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

IT

Indian Head Plantations

INCORPORJtTED

Growers and PacKers
of Leaf Tobacco

SUMATRA— (Grown under ClotK) CUBAN

CONNECTICUT H AV AN A--i Sun-grown )—CONNS:CTICUT BROADLEAF

Assorting and Packing for the Trade

Plantation Houses and Office at

Granby Station

J\f. y.. JV. H. 6h H. R. R.
Express, Telegraph and Freight

Jtddress: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 52^14

TARIFFVILLE

Connecticut

Suffield

Tbe work of harvesting the tobacco
crop is well uudei way ami from the
present outlook the grower will realize
a good profit from his year's work.
There are about 2,800 acres of the leaf
grown in this town, the estimated
value of which is over a million
dollars. There haye been a number of
buyers in town and all unite in pro-
nouncing the crop one of the best
grown in years and the supply of fine
wrappers must be limited, and this
fact of itself onght to help tbe sale of
the crop. Of course there is yot
danger of pole burn, but if the weather
of the past week continues no fear will
be felt on this score. — Windsor Locks
Journal.

The real estate belonging to the
estate of the late Benjamin F. Hastings
has been sold at public auction to
Jewett Wright, for |4,7T5.

Simsbury

Harvesting of tobacco is going on
rapidly, considering the heavy growth
of the crop.

Tobacco men consider it one of the
finest crops ever put into the sheds, on
account of its healthj' growth and it.s
freedom from damage of every kind.

Help is in good supply.

E. A. & T. C. Hoskius have built an
addition to one of their tobacco sheds.

Bulls Bridge

James Cummings and M. B. Lane
are busy harvesting their tobacco.

Xeu) Hartford

New Hartford growers have about
finished gathering the best crop giown
in years. Practically all the leaf
grown here is Havana seed. George
Hotchkiss raised 4 Vi acres; J. N.
Brown, 4 J^ ; J. H. Stewart, 9; George
Roberts, 8: George W. Miller, 4 J,;
H. M. Gates & Son, 13; John Smith,
4V^; A. W. Coe, 3; W. G. Kichaids,
7; H. J. Stancliffe, 7, (two acres of
which is shade-grown); Manchester
Brothers, 5.

J. H. Stewart built an addition of
80 feet to one of his sheds.

Buyers have been in town looking
over the crop, but no sales have been
leported.

J. H. Stewart and H. M. Gates &
Son have purchased a Hillman tobacco
curer.

Kent

Thesplendid crop of tobacco is going
into the sheds very fast, and the grow-
ers are very much pleased with the
situation.

Oliver Walcott goes about with a
limp and a cane, the result of a fall
ten or more feet in a building where
he was putting up tobacco.

East Granby

L. R. Lobdell was one of the earliest
growers to begin harvesting.

West Suffield

W. H. Martin is cutting an especially
good crop of tobacco.

Hillstown

The tobacco in this section, both in
the field and in tbe shed is in prime
condition Tobacco that was harvested
the forepart of August, so far as cnied,
presents a fine appearance.

Tobacco to cure properly refjuires an
■•ilternation of moist and dry weather;
the nearer it comes to pole burn with-
out becoming tender the bettei will be
the quality of the tobacco. Joseph
Porter, a leaf dealer of thiity-five years
ago, used to remark that he liked to
see an occasional pole sweat leaf, as
the rest of the crop would be of better
quality.

If sheds are properlj- built (not too
wide) and located, and attended to in
a thorough manner there is not more
than one season in ten when there
need be serious damage from pole burn.
Even after tobacco is nearly cured the
sheds should be opened after a damp
spell of weather to air them out and
prevent moldy tips on the lower tiers.
I should have added to the above con-
dition, properly hung; tobacco should
never be crowded on the pole.

Several in this vicinity have finished
harvesting and with good weather all
but a few late pieces will be in the
shed by September 3.

Never has help been so plentiful in
harvest time, men have baen along
almost daily looking for work.

With a bare market and a splendid
ciop the farmers are in a position to
obtain remunerative prices. G. W. B.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO I GROWER

MassacHusetts Station

Experiments and E.xp
Reported by

eriences 'WitK Tobacco
Dr. Goessmann

AT the Springfield meeting of The
New England Tobacco Growers'
Association there was presented the
following paper bj* Dr. A. C. (Jioess-
inann of the Hatch Experiment Station :

Several years of actual experiments
in the field supported liy careful observ-
ations in the laboratory down to the
present time, concerning the raising
of tobacco in our vicinity for the
general markets, have led me to the
subsequent conclusions, believing that
the first aim in raising tobacco, or
any other iniustrial crop, for the
niaiket, should be to produce the best
of its kind, and subsequently to strive
to raise the largest quantity of the best
quality. This course has proved the
safest one to adopt and deserves a seri-
ous consideration.

A deep sandy loam, comparatively
free from an excess of half decayed
vegetable or animal matter, or of an
accumulation of salines fre(iuently left
over trom a liberal and indiscriminate
use of the ordinary run of commercial
fertilizers and chemicals; and also not
liable to a periodical collection of
stagnant water, is usually considered
fit for the raising of tobacco.

Good mechanical preparation of the
soil and early application and thus
good diffusion of the fertilizers, not
less than early planting and a suitable
number of plants to a given area, exert
a decided influence on the quantity
and the ijitalitii of the crop under other-
wise corresponding conditions. Plant-
ing as early as the local climate admits
secures the benefit of the winter moist-
ure. Too close planting interferes
with a liberal or rapid development of
the leaves, and too large open spaces
between individual plants tends to
favor a coarser structure. Rows Miree
feet and four inches apart with plants
twenty inches from each other in the
row, or rows two feet and eight inches
apart with plants two feet from each
other in the row gave better returns
than rows three feet apart with plants
eighteen inches from each other in the
row.

A frequent and timely shallow use
of the cultivator or the hoe for the re-
moval of weeds favors a uniform
progress of growth. A careless use of
cultivator or hoe invariably checks
more or less their structure and general
character.

The diifeient fertilizer mixnres used
in our experiments have affected in a
legs marked degree the weight of the
crop raised by their aid than the
quality. New lands reduced by pre-
vious cropping to a state approaching
general exhaustion of available plant
food, — if otherwise well fitted for
raising tobacco — have given excellent
results when supplied with a suitable

mixture of fertilizing ingredients in
(juantities similar to those applied
during our experiments. Such lands
are at times preferable to ol<J tobacco
lands overchanged with reuianats of
all kinds of saline ingredients usually
associated with the common run of
commercial fertilizers.

Cotton-seed meal, linseed meal, and
castor pomace have proved equally
good sources of nitrogen, for the suc-
cessful raising of tobacco, when used
in connection with nitrate oflfsoda or
potash, sufficient to funish one fourth
of the nitrogen called for by the crop.

Nitrate of soda as part of the nitro-
gen supply of the fertilizer (2.5 per
cent.) when used in presence of acid
phosphate or dissolved bone-black, etc ,
has been accompanied with better
results regarding quality of the crop
than nitrate of potash under otherwise
similar conditions.

Cotton-seed hull ashes and high
grade sulphate of potash have proved
in our observation most valuable
sources of potash for tobacco; the
former in the majoiity of cases lead-
ing. Nitrate of potash has produced
excellent results when used in connec-
tion with an alkaline phosphate as
phosphatic slag meal or with carbonate
of potash-magnesia. Our results with
potash-magnesia sulphate as the main
potash source of a tobacco fertilizer
are not encouraging.

JMagnesiuni suljihate favors a rapid
diffusion of the potash into the sub-soil
and when used in excess has been
found *^n affect, more or less seriously,
the normal development of various
l)lants.

The following formula for raising
tobacco was used in case of new lands

ina fair state of fertility, per acre; all
constituents in an available condition:

Potassium oxide, 300 lbs.

Nitrogen, 200 lbs.

Phosphoric acid, 100 lbs.

After the first year'.s application of
fertilizer, i. e. in the second and in
subsequent years, the amount of fer-
tilizer necessary to produce a success-
ful crop maj' often bo reduced to one
third of this amount, although the
same relative proportion of ingredients
should awlays be observed. As the
(■ondition of the soil as well as the
climatical features of the season are
liable to affect the results, a no more
definite rule can be given.

After a careful consideration of the
character and condition of the soil as
well as a due regard to the local
normal climatical features, it is a well
endorsed rule to compound a fertilizer
for the production of farm crops on
the basis of the composition of the
crop, or parts of crop, removed from
the land under cultivation; and apply-
ing them rather in a liberal than in a
scanty way. This advise holds fairly
good in the majority of general farm
crops, yet it needs some important
special qualifications in case of the
tobacco crop as well as other industrial
crops where (iiinlHi/ controls the finan-
cial succe.ss of the industrial enterprise
in an exceptional degree. In suoh
cases the particular /'o/z/i of the ingre-
dients used in the make-up of the
fertilizer has proved of first importance.
Crops having a comparative short
period of the season for their growth,
need at all times a lilieral supply of
their essential articles of plant food in
an available farm to secure their un-
restiicted development. Fertilizing
ingredients containing any material
percentage of chlorides are to be
avoided, as they affect in an objection-
able direction the growth and composi-
tion of the leaves: favoring an undesir-
able aroma and a dark ash.

The subsequent list of Ingredients
are endoised bj' experience:

Average Composition of Fertilizinu M.atertal Used in
Growing Tobacco.

Per hundred wcighl

Name of material.

Nitrate of soda \n.ri9

Nitrate of potash 13.79

Cotton seed meal «.,')(,'

Linseed meal .'i. !) 1

Castor pomace .'i.OO

Dissolved bone-black

Phosphatic slag( odorless phosphate)

High grade Sulphate of potash

Potash-magnesia sulphate

Cotton seed hull ashes

Carbonate of potash magnesia

High grade carbonate of potash ....
Sugar beet refuse (ash of molasses

refuse from sties ) 6. 39

Barn-yard manure .52

s <
a.

35.00

4.'). 0,1

3.17

2.25

1.95

1.08

2.26

3.40

13.38

18.42

50.20

24.33

7.93

23.96

18 48

55. 88

9.72

.39

.50

48.27

9.30

13.5
10.4(
19.5

.00

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

E.ssex ^Special Tobacco

Manure

and

Tobacco

Starter

ard of

LTHOUGII the prices of chemicals have ad-
vanced very much during the past season, we
guarantee to keep the analysei of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand -
preceding years. CThe Growers that use our to-
bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight and a large percentage
of light goods in all seasons. CBuy our Tobacco
Starter for your seed-beds, your plants will be from ten
days to two weeks earlier than those grown on any other
formula.CSend for our Catalogue.

RUvSvSIA CEMENT CO.,

MANUFACTURERS jS/ j0 j» jS/ jEf jS^

GLOUCESTER. ^'MASS.

E. B. KIBBE, General Agent, Box 752, Hartford, Conn.

Average Composition of Tobacco Leaves and Stems.

European, (Dr. A. Stutger. Germany).

Connecticut Valley, (analyses made at Amherst).

Parts in llioo parls of tobacco.

European. (^onn. Valley.

Ingredients. ' Leaves. Stems. Leaves. fSteuj.s.

Moisture 100.00 100 00 100.00 100.00

Ash 165.33 78.66 15.^.00 .x

ISitrogen 36.91 18.00 27.00 22. .^0

Potassium oxide 55.86 41.94 49.00 06.00

Sodium oxide 4.93 7.24 2.48 x

Calcium oxide 55.65 13.59 54.97 x

Magnesium oxide 11.43 .55 12.50 x

Phosphoric acid . . 7. 24 1 0. 08 5. 00 6.50

Chlorine 10.26 2.64 1.50 x

Sulphuric acid 9.32 2.41 13.40 x

X not determined.

An examination of the above stated analj-ses, of tobacco raised in different
countries, shows some interesting relations between the composition of the
leaves and stems even when raised under different conditions and for a
different use. C. A. Goessmann.

Florida Crop

A dispatch from C^uincy. Florida,
says the to) acco crop under shade this
year promises to be a huge success.
There was some uneasiness at one time
on the part of tobacco growers who
were rather doubtful of the fini
results, but later rains dispelled all
fear from that source. Among the
larger jilanters, where irrigation was
employed, the tobacco was steadily in
a thriving condition. Priming has

been practically completed throughout
the tobacco growing district.

Some planters, who were not irri-
gating their land, found the plants
were making such slow progress that
some plowed them under and plante<l
anew. This will delay the usual time
of harvesting, but it is now regarded
as cert.iin that they will have a more
unifoim crop than the}" otherwise
could have had. On the whole, to-
bac^'o growing here seems to be in a
healthy condition.

For the Cuttvorm

A Guatemalan ant tliat would take
care of tlie cutworm, and behave him-
.self propeily in the tobacco field, would
be welcomed in New England. Frost
fonr feet in the ground might disturb
his winter sleep, however.

Long Stalk

A tobacco stalk is now on exhibition
in Durham, North Carolina wliich was
grown on a plantation in South Caro-
lina. The plant is IS feet high and
nearly two inches in diameter at its
largest part and has 163 leaves.

STABLE WUBE

IN CAK OK
CARGO LOTS

Prompt Delivery

Lowest Prices

/{. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

HART FORD
CONNECTICUT

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^he New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

S3 Trumbuli street,

Hartford Fire Insurance Builttlng

Hartford, Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
Ten Cents a Copy.

Official Journal of The New England
Tobacco Growers' Association.

PAUL ACKER.LY, Editor.

Volume VI.

Number 1.

Entered at the HartfordPost-Oflice as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, SEPTEMBER, 1904.

THE PHILIPPIMES

TN convention at !■ iiringfielil, The
•*■ New England Tobacco Growers'
Association has again testitjed to i(s
opposition to any further reduction in
the tariff on tobacco coming from the
Philippines, has agreed to work in ac-
cord with The National Cigai Leaf
Tobacco Association in opposition to
any changes, giving to the executive
oflScers of the home association authori-
ty to send representatives to Washing,
ton at the first intimation of action in
either branch of Congres,s.

The record of The New England To-
bacco Growers' Association is veiy
clear in regard to its opposition to the
lowering of duties on tobacco imported
from the Philippines. In January,
1890, the Association passed a resolu-
tion against taTiffi concessions to the
Philippines, and again in January,
1900, similar resolutions were passed
by the Association. Resolutions of a
similar meaning opposing reduction of
the Philippine tariff were likewise
adopted at the annual meetings of 1903
and 190;i.

More than this, the Association,
through its officers and committees has
expressed itself more directly at Wash-
ington than can be done by means of
resolutions, and this work it will con-
tinue to do, as voted at the Sjiiingfield
meeting. There is no part of the
United States that would feel the effect
of competition from free Philippine to-
bacco more than the tobacco-growing
region of New England, and in opposi-
tion to a reduction of this tariff the

growers will have the assistance of the
community in general, for the business
importance of the tobacco industry is
realized by the towns and cities in this
region.

SHED-Cl/RIMG

'TPHE discussion at Springfield on
the curing of tobacco, which will
be reported at length in another issue
of The New England Tobacco Grower,
indicates that a great many minds are
giving thought to the better manage-
ment of the curing crop. While
opinions differ as to the advisability of
drying out the sheds by artificial heat,
yet so many are employing this plan
bj' one means or another that some
definite conclusion in the matter is
sure to be arrived at.

But for this sea.son, at least, nature
seems to be attending strictly to its
business of furnishing good curing
weather, so that there has been no
cause tor work or worry over the hang-
ing tobacco.

,A SPLENDID SEJtSON

'TpHE growing season of 1904 comes
•*■ to a close, bearing the honors that
are its due. It has earned the admira-
tion of the New England tobacco grow-
ers, and will go down into the trade
historj' with a good mark and kindly
memory.

The late Spring, following the un-
usually severe Winter, proved to be of
no disadvantage, and showery days,
mingled in the right proportion with
warm, sunny days, have gone to make
up a splendid growing season.

The crop has had a thrifty, steady
growth. The leaves are well shaped,
of good, healthy texture, well ripened
without rust or yellowing, and e.x-
ceedingly sound, for the worms and
grasshoppers have not been wilh us
this season.

Mew York Market

In point of activity this week has
been quite up to the previous one, as
far as the domestic branch is con-
cerned. A big contingent of out-of-
town buyers are still in town, and
while some ate "looking around" a
great deal and buying bnt very little,
the general feeling is to pay in stocks
at prevailing prices as quickly as pos.si-
ble. Buyers now seem to bo fully
awake to the Broadleaf situation,
and these goods are turning over in big
blocks. Sales reported during the past
week aggregate 2,800 ca^es, at prices
averaging as (juoted in oui last report.
Some 000 cases of VM'■^ Havana Heed
in various lots also changed hands, and
1,100 cases of 1901 Wisconsin at 11 to
13 cents were sold, the latter represent-

ing twc transactions. On the whole,
the week's results have been very satis-
factory.

SUMATRA — Although a few houses
report very good conditions, this to-
bacco generally is suffering a little
from neglect. The quiet spell is
looked upon as only a passing condi-
tion, however, and a good feeling pre-
vails.

H,\VANA —There are no develop-
ments in this market worthy of record.
Business seems to have settled into a
sort of chronic quietude, and mei'chants
have plenty of time to study the rather
gloomy descriptions of the new crop
sent in by their Cuban correspondents.
— New York Tobacco Leaf.

Warehouse Point

The total acreage for the town of
East Windsor is estimated at 1,000
acres which is five per cent, more than
that of last year. The weight of the
cured leaf, which in former years
would average 1,700 pounds to the
acre, will this year average 1,900
pounds. The crop, too, which is with-
out a blemish, is considered the best
raised m many years, and is valued at
$400,000. White the methods of har-
vesting are undergoing little improve-
ment, still some of the smaller growers
are changing the old-fashioned spear
lath to the new hook lath. Twining
tobacco to the hanging poles is also
being superseded by the hook lath.

Boardman

The Thomas family has broken camp
and is harvesting tobacco.

The Crop in Wisconsin

Tobacco growing sections of Wis-
• ■onsin furnish conflicting reports con-
cerning the condition of the growing
crop. Some localities in the southern
counties are still suffering from drouth
that has become ijuite a serious matter.
The hot, dry weather has sent the
plants to an early bud while the leaves
are small and narrow, which will
greatly curtail the yield unless copious
rains soon bring relief. In other
sections more favored with moisture
more encouraging reports are received.
Ttjpping has commenced in the earlier
fields and the crop is generally quite
promising. This conidition probably
prevails in fully three-quarters of the
growing area. Thus far no hail is re-
ported doing any damage to tobacco
fields, though the season for hard
storms has not yet pas.sed. —Wisconsin
Exchange.

Westfield

Harvesting is well under way, except-
ing in the case of a few of the late sot
crops.

But few cut worms this season.
Oalico plants were no more than usual.

Help is plentiful for the kind.

A. D. S.

Poquonock

A tobacco curing machine has been
added to the equipment of John A.
DuBon, the well-known and enter-
prising tobacco grower.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

vSpringfield Meeting

New England Growers Oppose Any PKilippine
Tariff R.eduction

Mt;EXIN(i of The New Eng-
laiiil Tobacco Growers' Asso-
ciation was held at Gill's Hall,
SpringfieM, Massachnsetts, on
Satnrdaj-, August IH, commencing at 11
a. m.

The president of the association,
Eiliuuntl Halladay, called the meeting
to order and the secretary read the call
for the meeting.

Dr. B. T. Galloway, chief of the
Bureau of Plant Industry, Department
of Agriculture, addressed the meeting.
He described the aim of the bureau in
conducting its seed selection experi-
ments in Connecticut, and expressed
the belief that the tobacco crop in
New England could be much improved
tlirough the development of particular
strains of tobacco, resistant to disease
or otherwise better fitted to cope with
bad conditions, as well as showing iin-
pioved shapes and qualities of leaf and
greater yield per acre.

On his trip to Springfield, Dr. (iallo-
way had become impressed with the
many opportunities for special farming
in Uoniiecticut and Massachu.setts, and
he expressed the hope that horticulture
and different forms of intensive agri-
culture might be more generally en-
gaged in in these states.

A. Bijur of New York, president of
the National Uigar Leaf Tobacco Asso-
ciation, addressed tlie meeting on the
subject of the danger thieatened
through tlie proposed further reduction
of the duties on tobacco and toliacco
products coining to this country from
the Philippines. To further reduce
this tariff or to giaut free trade to the
Philippines would very .seriously affect
the interests of the American tobacco
growers, the leaf trade and the manu-
facturers of cigais, as it would be im-
possible for American labor to compete
with the product of Chinese and other
cheap labor in the Philippines. Porto
Rico had been given free trade, and
again reductions had been made in the
tariff on Cuban tobacco and cigars, in
the guise of reciprocity, and now it
was proposed to add further to the
domestic leaf troubles by abolishing
the Philippine tariff. [Mr. Bijui's
address is printed at length on another
page. ]

Joseph F. Cullman of New Yoik and
John R. Young ot Philadelphia, also
representing the National Cigar Leaf
Tobacco Association, spoke on the same
subject of the Philippine duties, show-
ing the danger that thieatened the
American interests. They were

listened to with close attention, and
the growers present discussed the sub-
.iect informally with the three repre-
sentatives of the Cigar Leaf Associa-
tion. [Mr. Cullman's address is

printed at length elsewhere in this
issue.]

On motion of Col. E. N. Phelps, the
meeting voted to appoint a committee
of three to draft resolutions, and the
president appointed Thaddeus Graves
of Hatfield, Col. E. N. Phelps of
Winilsor. and Frank Abbe of Enfield.

A recess was then taken until 1 :'S0.

Upon the reassembling of the meet-
ing, President Halladay in the chair,
the committee's report was presented
by Chairman Graves, who said that
the committee had not thought it
necessary to go into details, as the atti-
tude of The New England Tobacco
Growers" Association against Philip-
pine tariff' reduction was already well
known through previous resolutions
and action. He presented the follow-
ing tariff' resolution:

Resolved: That we are unalter-
ably opposed to any change of the to-
bacco schedule of the Pingley tariff'
law; we strenuously disapprove of all
attempts to enact a uniform duty on
leaf tobacco imported into this country,
imposing a duty of the same amount
on poor tobacco and good.; and we
further desire to reiterate our opposi-
tion to any further reductions of tariff
iluties on tobacco grown either in the
Island of Cuba or in the Philippines.

H. S. Frye of Poquonock spoke in
favor of the adoption of this I'esolution,
stating that he had always been
opposed to the annexation of the
Philippine Islands, knowing that when
that was done there would be questions
of this kind coming befoie us. He
recalled his experience in Washington
two and a half jears ago, when he was
able to fight a proposition to reduce
the Philippine tariff' to 50 per cent, of
the Dingley rates.

On motion, duly seconded, the meet-
ing unanimously adopted the foregoing
resolution.

On motion of Mr. Frye the meeting
passed the following vote:

Resolved; That at the first in-
timation, whether in this Congress or
at future 8e.ssi(ms, that there is to be
any action in either branch of Congress
on the Philippine tobacco schedule,
the executive officers of The New Eng-
and Tobacco Growers' Association shall
have full power to act by sending a
conruiittee of one or of several to
Washington to work in oppositon to
the pri)posed reduction.

On motion of Ccl. E. N. Phelps it
was voted that a copj' of the resolution
reported by the committee and unani-
mously adopted be sent to each sena-
tor and representative in the United
States Congress,

An address was made by Prof.
Archibald Dixon Shamel of the Bureau
of Plant Industry on the seed selection
work now being carried on by the

bureau in Connecticut. He stated
that it had been shown that the differ-
ent types of tobacco could be easily
handled by intelligent seed seleition,
and he thought that each tobacco
grower should save seed for himself,
selected in some systematic manner
It had been conclusively proved that it
was very advantageous, in saving seed,
to protect the sefd-jiods by enclosing
the head of the plant in a paper bag,
inverted. The bags should be fastened
on the plant just previous to the open-
ing of the blos.soms. This prevented
cross-fertilization, and proiluces earlier
and larger seed-pods.

A paper on tobacco culture, with
special reference to fertilizers, bad been
prepared for the meeting by Dr. C. A.
Goessmann of the Hatch Experiment
Station, Amherst, Massachusetts. Dr.
Goessmann not being able to attend,
the paper was read by E. W. Penfield
of Springfield. [Dr. Goe.ssmann's
paper is printed in fnll elsewhere irr
this issue.]

An informal discussion was bad on
the curing of tobacco, particularly on
the use of fires or forced ventilation.

At 4 p. m. the meeting was ad-
journed.

Hazardville

James McCandless has decided to re-
tire from farm life and has sold his
twenty-one acres at auction. The
property includes a good house, barn,
tobacco shed, stock, tools and crops.
The sale took plac" August HI.
Northville

Farmers are improving the good
weather and rushing the tobacco into
the buildings.

New England Tobacco
Growers' Association.

President
EDMUND HJiLLMDMY-, Suffietd, Conn.

Vice-Presideut

THJiDDEUS GRJiVES, Hatfield, Mass.

Secretary and Treasurer

VJtVL JiCKERLY, Rockville, Conn.

Office

33 Trumbull Street, Hartford, Conn.

Directors.

■Wm. F. Andross, South Windsor, Conn.
Jo.seph H. Pierce, Enfield, Conn.
M. W. Frisbie, Southington, Conn.
William S. Pinney, Suflield, Conn.
H. W. Alford, Poquonock, Conn.
Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor, Corni.

B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.
F. K. Porter, Hatfield, Mass.
Albert Hurd, North Hadley. Mass.
J. C. Carl, Hatfield, Mass.

C. M. Hubbard, Sunderland, Mass,
\V. H. Porter, Agawam, Mass.
Lyman A. Crafts, East Whately, Mass.
James S Forbes, Burnside, Conn.
George O. Eno, Simsbury, Conn.

W. E. Burbank, Suffield, Conn.
E.C. Hills, South wick, Mass,
James Morgan, Hartford, Conn.
H. Austin, Suffield, Conn.
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass
H, S. Frye, Poquonock, Conn.

JO

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

The PKilippine Question

Address of JosepH F. Cullman of New YorK i
tHe Springfield Meeting

SPEAKING at the Spriiigflelii meet-
ing of The New England Tobacco
Qrowera' Association, August 13,
Joseph F. Cullman of New York said:
As you no doubt are all aware, the
question of doing something for the
Philippines appeals to be a hobby of
our Secretary of War, Mr. Taft, who '
was formerly governo]' of the Philip-
pines and who never loses an oppor-
tnnitv to champion their cause; who
only recently sent a petition to Congress
from the Tobacco Workers' Guild of
Manilla, praying for the free entry of
tobacco and cigars. As it appears to
us, it seems that our Secretary of War
is willing to sacrifice our just rights
to gratify a sentimental feeling; in
other words, to help the Filipinos at
our expense.

Mr. Taft is a potent factor in the
administration and the probabilities
are that if steps wre not taken in time,
and our Congressmen pledged to oppose
free entry into our ports, or even a
material reduction of duty on tobacco
and cigais from the Philippines, that
the administration will take up the
matter ere long, and legislation which
would be very disastrous to all ot us,
enacted.

The territory adapted to the raising
of tobacco is almost unlimited, and
the laborers employed mainly coolies
or of an equally low and cheap grade;
a class we aie excluding from our
country. Aside from the raising of
tobacco, cigars are, and can be made in
enormous (juantities by the same class
ot labor, against which our American
operatives cannot compete. These
cigars and cheroots are smoked in
almost all parts of the globe, and would
be here now in large quantities, were
it not for the i)rolective tariff which
has built up our cigar industry to its
present enoimous propoi'tions. As we
all know, smoking is an acquired taste,
and once the Philippine cigars here,
at the very low prices they can be pro-
duced at, the consumption will in-
crease enormously and the use of our
domestic leaf decrease.

The probabilities are that the grow-
ing of tobacco, as well as the manufac-
turing of cigars, would go in the hands
of powerful corporations, who would
control the raw mateiial as well as the
manufactured product, and who would
be the only ones to profit theieby; for
I question whetlier any individual
would nndertabe to go some ten
thousand miles from our shores to en-
gage in either the raising of tobacco or
tne manufacturing of cigars. One of
our large corporations is already
located there, and as I am informed,

interested largely in both bianches.

As I regard the situation, this
Philippine question is the most im
portant matter so far as our trade is
concerned, that we have been con-
fronted with; and if free trade, or a
material reduction be granted, it will
have the most disastrous consequences.

Contraband Culture

A remarkable state of contraband
has just been bronglit to liglit in
Spain, where, although all the tobacco
growing colonies have been seized by
the United States the growing of to-
bacco in Spain itself, f r which the
piovinces of Malaga, Almeria and
Xeres are admiraljly adapted, is'^pro-
liibited. All the same, tobacco is not
only gown, but is cultivated in
sufficient quantities to employ four
factories, of whicli the products are on
sale throughout Spain.

After a recent council the King pro-
duced a packet of cigars, and oli'ering
one to each of the Ministers, said
pleasantly, "Try these, to iny think
ing they are excellent cigars. They
have been sent to me as a present from
Andalusia, where, I am told they are
manufactured by contrauand from
Spanish-grown tobacco." This inci-
dent is expected to put matters on a
better footing.- London Globe.

Enfield

The prospect of a good tobacco crop
in Enfield this year is bright. The
work of harvesting is now in progress
and if the favorable weather continues,
the greater part of the crop will be
under cover by the second week in
September.

It is difficult to give an accurate esti-
mate of the number of acres to be har-
vested and the probable value of the
crop, as the opinions of those competent
to judge vary considerably. The best
estimate attainable places the total
number of acres at about .S.'iO and this
is probably neaily correct. The crop
will average about a ton to the acre,
and the indications are that the selling
jirice will be on an average about 15
cents a pound. This is a very good
jirice as compared with previous
yeans. The number of acres of to-
bacco planted this year is somewhat
less than last, but the estimate given
indicates that the value of the crop is
greater and somewhat above the
average.

Warehouse Point

Tobacco harvesting in this section
has begun in earnest, fully 20 per cent,
being alieady in the sheds. The total
acreage for the town of East Windsor is
estimated at 1,000 acres which is .T
per cent, more tluin tliat of last year.

OATS AND RYE

^

to produce large, full grains require
a complete fertilizer rich in

PO'CASH

BOOKS FREE

Write to-day for our valuable
books on "Fertilization." The
information contained in them
means mone}' to you. Address :

GERMAN KALI WORKS

93 Nassau Street New York

The weight of the cured leaf, which in
former ytars would average 1,700
jiounds to the acre, will this year aver-
age fully 1,900 p(junds. The crop, too,
whieli is without a blemish, is con-
sidered the best raised in many years,
and is valued at $400,000. While the
methoils of harvesting are undergoing
little improvement, still some of the
smaller growers are clianginir the old-
fashioned spear latli to the new hook
lath. Twining toljacco to the hang-
ing poles is also being superseded by
the hook lath.

pROFiiau

Start a check account with
this bank and secure the con-
veniences of modern ban^dng
methods, with the advantages
and liberal jirivileges we offer.

We would be pleased to
talk with you personally.

AmerPR National Bank:

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

n

Matural Leaf Sales

A firm of dealers in leaf tobacco
were advised by the Coinmissioner
that if it is their intention to sell leaf
tobacco in its natural state to con-
sumers, the same would be required to
be put up in statutory p&ckages con-
taining from one ounce to sixteen
ounces, and that such packages might
be wrapped in burlap or other strong
material, which must be properly
branded, labeled and stamped, the
stamp being so affixed that the pack-
ages could not be opened and the con-
tents removed without breaking the
stamp; that if the applicant should
desire to put up tobacco in packages
exfeeding 16 ounces it would be re-
quired to be packed in 10, 30, 40 or
60-pound package, the same as is pro-
vided for fine-cut chewing tobacco:
that such tobacco intended for con-
sumption should have maiked thereon
the manufacturer's name and place of
manufacture, the registered number of
the manufactory, the gross weight, the
tare and net weight of the tobacco in
each package; that the stamps affixed
to such large packages would be re-
quired to be canceled by the person
rrsing the same by writing or printing
thereon his name and date of cancella-
tion, include month and year, and to
be frrrther cancelled by sinking a
portion of the stamp into the package
with a steel die, as specified on pages
31 and H2 of Regulations number 8.

Leaf Importation in Germany

According to the German statistics
for the five months, January-May,
1904, inclusive, received at the Bureau
of Statistic of the Department of Com-
merce and Labor, Washington, the
total importation of leaf tobacco was
26,432,300 kilograms as compared with
24,8r)0,fi00 kilograms for the same
period of 1908, and 34,3.5.5,000 kilo-
grams for 1903, indicating a consider-
able increase in the importations. The
importation from the United .States in-
creased from 3,481,600 kilograms in
1902 to 3,904,800 kilograms in 1903.
The largest importation was from the
Dutch East Indies, 9,111.400 kilo-
grams; with Brazil, 5,3.57,600 kilo-
grams, second. Both these importa-
tions showed increases over 1903. Of
a total importation of manufactured
tobacco of 418.500 kilograms the
United States supplied 343,600 kilo-
grams. Of stemmed and stripped to-
bacco the importations amounted to
854,100 kilograms, the United States
supplying 833,400 kilograms. The
total importation of cigarettes
amounted to 340.000 kilograms, of
which Egypt supplied II 8,. 500 kilo-
grams. The total importation of
cigars amounted to 139,300 kdogntms,
of which Cuba furnished 38,900 kilo-
grams.

-Q

A

SoutHern
Home

In a country free from excessive heaL and cold,
healthful ao'l prosperous

LANDS AT LCW PRICES

For printed matter, circulars, etc., giving full
particulars, wiite

M. V. RICHARDS

Land and Industrial Agent, Southern Railway
and Mobile & Ohio R. R. jt jt jt jt

"WASHINGTON, D. C.

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GET RE^ULT5

We handle everything used in adver-
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12

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Holland Markets

United States Consul's
Share in Con\me

Report on Tobacco's
rcial R.elations

REGARDING the toliacco market
in general in Hollaml, it can be
said that on the whole it is still in-
creasing in importance, and several
kinds which formerly did not touch
this market are now finding their way
here, the trade relations of the mer-
chants continually extending. Suma-
tra tobacco, as usual, is the most im-
portant. The inscriptions follow each
other regularly throughout the season,
both at Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
Three-fourths of the crop was disposed
of by the middle of July, leaving only
one-fourth for the sales, which were
resumed about the middle of Septem-
ber.

"At first the outlook was not bright,
chiefly in consequence of the bad state
of trade in Germany, the greatest con-
sumer of Sumatra and Java. Gradu-
ally, however, the market became
fiumer, and everything found buyers at
stittening prices. For America there
was a good demand, and sales were
rather larger than last year, showing
that, notwithstanding the very high
duty on Sumatra, American manufac-
turers cannot do without the fine
Sumatra covers, and that the con.ium-
ption of this kind of tobacco is steadily
increasing in the United States.

"Of Java tobacco imports were
again large, which, togetlier with a
generally unsatisfactory condition of

the new ciop, led to lower prices, and
often rendered sales rather difficult.

"Of American tobacco imports and
sales were about on a par with the last
few years. Prices of Maryland in
America having become somewhat
easier lately, there is, as a natural con-
sequence, an extension of business,
prices the last few years having been
too high ill comparison witli other
cutting tobaccos used in Hidland,
whereby injports and consumption had
fallen ofi. As regards the new crop,
many complaints were beard about the
condition in which the tobacco arrives.
Kentucky and Virginia prices remain
too high to make large transactions
possible. The same is the case with
Seed leaf, of which imports have very
much decreased, this growth being far
too dear compared with the prices for
Java bunch and fillers.

"Tiie following figures show the im-
liorts of tobacco into the Netherlands,
and the sales during the year: Mary-
land, imports ]0,4.')3 bbds, sales 10,-
.551; Virginia, Kentucky, etc., imports
3,143 hhds, sales 3,081; Java, imports
387,331 bales, sales 302,786: Sumatra,
imports 334,370 bales, sales 334.370;
Borneo, imports 17,000 bales, sales 17,-
OfiO; Havana, imports 893 bales, sales,
3170; Mexico, imports 271 bales, sales
371; Greece, Turkey, etc., imports 13,-
987 bales, sales 14,860; heed leaf and
cuttings, imports 3,307 cases, sales 3,-
271; Paiaguay, imports 1,335 bales,
sales 1.335."

Tobacco Monopoly

Japanese Ooverninent to Control Manufacture of

the Leaf

CjlAJIRO TATEISH, B. S., Ph. D.,
^^ writes as follows regarding the
Japanese tobacco monopoly: After the
government's plan of controlling the
manufacture of tobacco for fiscal pur-
poses was made officially known to the
public, the tobacco people changed
their attitude and expressed their will-
ingness to support it if the terms could
be made satisfactory. The outbreaK
of the Japan-Russo war hastened the
decision of Parliament, and the bill
was pas.sed on the 26th of March with
slight modifications. The vital point
of the discussion was regarding the
number of years and the basis of in-
demnity to the manufacturers who
would be bought out. The original
bill provided for a tax on the income
of each individual manufacturer, but
the committee who had charge of the

bill reported in favor of taking the
amount of sales as a basis, and favored
three years' indemnity instead of
four on account of the financial con-
dition of the treasury.

The amount provided for indemnity
was 9,100,000 yen (about ^4,500,000),
which will be distributed among all
the manufacturers in Japan, but about
one-half of it will go to four prominent
companies. This is at the rate. of 30
per cent, indemnity per annum for
three years based on the amount of
sales. If of suitable character the
factories and machinery will be bought
by the government. The administra-
tion of the tobacco monopoly by the
government will be patterned chieUy
after that of Austria, and the govern-
ment expects to manufacture various
brands to suit ' the public taste. The
monopolj- for the manufacture of cig-
arettes began the first of June, and for
cut tobacco will begin a year later.

Meiv Milford

Harvesting Is on in earnest. One-
third of the crop is in the sheds. To
date it is the finest crop ever grown in
the Housatonic Valley.

W. D. Wanyer, Hatch Bros., Albert
Carlson and E. O. Marsh have finished
harvesting.

No green worms and no calico this
season.

I have jnst finished harvesting one
acre of shade-grown Havana seed to-
bacco, the largest growth and finest
quality that I ever saw grown on one
acre of land. I also have ten acres of
Havana seed tobacco. J. L. Buck.

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

FOR SALE— Winter Rye, SI 00 per bushel.
Box 164, Tariffville, Conaecticut.

WANTED — Position as consuUinff and man-
aging- superintendent in leaf tobacco cultnre.
No objection to g-oin^ abroad. Bo.x 37, care of
New England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED TO PURCHASE— Second hand

tobacco bailing press. Bo.x 38, care of New
England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Distributer for tlie outvut of a
small cigar factory making a specialty of $25
and S30 goods. Bo.x 34, Care The New England
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Si.x cases Connecticut Broadleaf
.Seconds. State price, locality where grown,
and state where goods can be seen. Bo.x 36,
Care The New England Tobacco Grower.

JENKINS & BARKER,

Successors to Col. Charles L. Burdett.

Patent and Tratie Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United States and Foreig-n Pat-
ents, Desip-iis and Trade Marks.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING,
so state Street, - Hartford, Connecticut

Shade-Grown Sumatra
and Shade-Grown
Cuban Wrappers

rOR. JALE IN QUANTITlEi
AJ DEilRED

Write for Samples and Prices

FOSTER

Drawer 42. Hartford, Conn.

STUDIO

lOSQ MAIN ST.. HAR-TFOR-D

Leading Artist in PhoiograpKy
and General Portraiture.

Our photographs are not "shade" grown but
are made willi the clearness and exact lil^eness
that win for us permanent customers. \\ e are
after your photograjihic trade. Studio^ f039
Malli St., Opposite Morgan St.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

13

Wrapping Cigarettes

Tobacco, Com HusK and Various Kinds of
Paper Are in Use

I AM told liv my Spiuiish fricmls.''
said tbe old Broadwiiy dealer to
the Tobacco Leaf repoi-ter "that tbe
first cigaiette wrappers were corn-
husks, and that tliere is some intimate
relation between Tobak, the Indian
name for a cigar, and Tanial, the
Indian name for corn. The Spaniards
learned the use of corn- husk wrappers
fi-om the Caribs, and have never giv'en
it up altogether. The husk is still
employed in many districts in Cuba,
and also in Me.xico, Central America,
Colombia and Brazil.

"They have l)een repeatedly tried in
the United States, but have never made
a permanent hit. In some cases the
entire wrappei was made of husk, in
others only the tip, while in a third
ventuie, the cigarette was fastened to
a mouthpiece made by rolling a strip
of husk into a loose cylinder an inch
long.

"For those who like the aroma of
burning husk or its feel between the
lips, there are corn-husk cigarette
books, iu which the leaves are from
the inside tender husk and cut to the
standard size of cigarette papers.
These are not common nowadays, but
are kept by a few old-fashioned dealers
for the benefit of such customers as
may like the goods.

"The fiist cigarette paper I remem-
ber seeing used was the thick, soft
cotton-paper, which the Cuoans called
papel de algodon. It was folded around
the filler and not gummed. A cigar-
ette of this soit had to be rolled before
it could be used, and it required con-
siderable skill to do this quickly and
neatly. Epicures or cranks in the old
days used to scent or flavor their
papers, as did many of the Culian
ladies. The favorite scents and flavors
weie licorice, musk, rose, cinnamon,
clove, lemon, tonka, deeistongue,
sandalwood, saffron, mint, bay and
violet.

"About forty yeais ago there came
a big change. The French introduced
a cigarette paper called J. O. B., fol-
lowed by the La Croix and other
brands of what is now called rice-
paper. The Cubans got up a lot of
new styles of wrappeis. One was the
Pectoral, which was steeped in licorice
extract; another Brea. was a medium
tliick paper flavored with tar, a third
was a tol;acco paper made from tobacco
stems; a fourth was a yellow paper
made from cotton and straw. The
Brazilians invented the corn-husk
paper, which is made of husk and re-
tains a trifle of the husk flavor. An-
other change occurred thirty years
ago, when Hall made his wrapper of
tobacco leaf and started the all-tobacco
cigarette.

"Since then there have been no
changes of importance. Rice-papers
have been reduced in thickness, until

in some brands it is a mcie film.
Many new materials have been tried to
make wiaiiper, ainoii;^ them oat straw,
liomp, sizal, ramie, bamboo, flax, wood-
pulp, wood-Hour, wood-fibre, corn-
liusk. corn-stalk and tobacco scraps.
"The vulneralile part of a cigarette
is the tip, which is apt to soften from
the saliva and to break. To remedy
this, many devices have been tried, in-
and Brazil.

eluding v/ax-pMpor tips, paraffinated
paper, papier ambro, gold tips, cork
tips, straw tips, husk tips and paste-
Ixjard tips. Of these the cork tip is
most successful. The gold tip had a
large vogue at one time, but it was
lost when some careless manufacturers
used the cheapest Dutch foil to gild
the pajier and the customer's lips were
poisoned.

"The manufacture of cigarette paper
has grown into a big industry in
which France leads, followed by the
United States, Austria, Germany,
Spain, Great Britain, Italy, Russi;i

"The paper produced in the.se lands
is so good anil so cheap that it is
superseding the native paper in Japan,
China and India."

Ross Self Feed Tobacco Stalk
and Ensilage Cutters

The only up-cut ensilage machine on
the market, making it especially adapt-
ed for Gutting tobacco stalks for fer-
tilizer. CTOBACCO GROWERS have
been quick to recognize its value. CAre
you one of the progressive kind ?
Write for circulars and prices or call and
see samples at either of our two stores

27 Lyman Street, Springfield, Mass.
218 State Street, Hartford, Conn.

THE B. L. BRAGG CO.

Made hy

CHICAGO

Use

Swiffs

Washing
Powder

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CLOTHING

Swift's Washing Powder is the Tidy Housewife's best friend.
Try a package and see for yourself.

SWIFT PROVISION COMPANY,

IQ John Street,

BOSTON, MASS.

J4

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Philippine Tobacco

Sugar in Islands'

Stands Next to

Hemp and
Exports

TOBACCO, next to lieiup and sugar,
is the greatest export article of
the Philippines. The Manila cheroot
and ciijar are known to eveiy civilized
market, while the millions of Japan,
China, Indo-China and even India

itself. ^ ^ ,

A writer on the island tobacco in-
dustry says;

Racic, climatic and political condi-
tions have prevented the development
of the tobacco industry in the arcbipel-
afo Had the same care and attention
been bestowed upon the Manila leaf as
on the Havana and Virginia, it would
today hold a commanding position in
every market. The apathy and in-
dolence of the natives, the absence ot
agricultural knowledge and skill, the
heat and uuhealthfulnesa of the climate,
and the lack of encouragement by the
state have united to keep the industry
at a low ebb no matter what the
demand of possibilities might be. Un
fortunately too for the welfare ot the
industrv the prevalent theory of the
modem age that tobacco ought to pay
a handsome revenue to the state was
acted up<in by the colonial government
of the Philippines in every possible
way. Sometimes every detail was
tased from the sprout in the farm to
the finished cigar when exported.
Sometimes the government made a
monopoly of the tratlic. Sometimes it
granted concessions and monopolies to
farmers generally and other parties.
Under all these unfavorable auspices
the trade after reaching a certain point
remained stationary and i» many years
showed a decline.

While the official figures are so in-
complete as to afford insufficient data
for purposes of careful comparison, yet
they show that from 1880 to 1899
there was a decreased acreage and out-
put. Much must be dene before the
industry can be put on a proper basis.
The island of Luzon needs good roads
and railroads. At the present time
the roads aie almost impassable in the
rainy season. When they are available
the only means of transport is by
bullock and buffalo carts, clumsy,
heavy and slow. When it takes a man
a week or more to haul four or five
hundred weight of his crop to market,
where it will bring but two or thiee
cents a pound, the profit is obviously
as small as to be a vanishing quantity.
The Dagupan Railway is the only
steam road worthy of the name. It
was built for the benefit chiefly of the
rice and timber industries. Much
traffic is carried on coastwise. Small
steamers, piahus and junks run from
port to port and bancas ply every
stream and lake. Yet all of these
combined assist not more than one-
fifth of the growers to any extent.
The lack of scientific cultivation is

another deterring force. The soil
though wonderfully rich is never more
than scratched by the peasant and
never fertilized except when the
farmer is a Chinaman. There is little
or no weeding, no breaking up of the
soil, no pursuit of worms or damage-
doing insects. As a result the leaf has
deteriorated. Originally it came from
the V'uelta Abajo. Other varieties
weie brought from Mexico and China.
All have giown away from their
original types and come to resemble
each other in the Manila type. Here
and there are plantations run in proper
fashion and the leaf produced is
superior. At all other places it is at
least no per cent, below this as a
standard. The Tagal grower is im-
provident and is always in debt to the
local money-lender, who may be Tagal,
half-breed Chinese or Spaniard. These
Shylocks advance the planter goods
and money, taking their pay and inter-
est in tobacco when harvested.

The curing of the leaf after picking
is the most important part of the work
and plenty of time should be given the
leaf for fermenting and attaining the
proper color.

Taking up the actual cultivation ot

the plant and locality grown in, it is
found that a surprising small area of
the island of Luzon furnishes three-
fourths of all tobacco grown in the
Philippines. The provinces of Isabella
and Cagayan furnish four-fifths of the
tobacco grown on Luzon, the best grade
tobacco also comes from these two
provinces. North and South lUocos,
Abra and Union provinces also grow a
limited amount of tobacco. The
islands of Cebu, Panay and Negros also
produce some tobacco, but neither in
quantity nor quality does it approach
the Luzon leaf. The finest grades of
tobacco come from the privinces of
Isabella and Cagayan, and is grown on
lands along the banks of the Cagayan,
Moxong and other rivers.

The land is cultivated now the same
way as a century ago, the Filipino
doing every thing by hand and in the
laziest way possible. After clearing
the land of trees and undergrowth it
is plowed, if by any stretch of the
imagination the sight of an ever-
present caribou or water buffalo drag-
ging a ciotched stick along the surface
of the soil, can be called plowing. A
small flocK of energetic American hens
would do a better job of work with feet
and bills if turned loose in the field.
After the land is scratched over twice
in this fashion, the native, his wife
and all the way from three to a dozen
children, armed with wooden mallets,
go over the field on hands and knees,
breaking the clods of diit uprooted by
the plow.

The land is then marked off into

(US

(Its

(Ks
(US
(KS
(Its

(h
(KS

(\s
(Its
(Its
(Its

(Its
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A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobacco Groovers

FOR any business man, pro-
fessional man, or industry,
is easily obtained by con-
sulting the Industrial Depart-
ment. CThe proposition submit-
ted will be attractive, embody-
ing just the information desired
to intelligently consider such an
important matter as change of
location. COur monthly maga-
zine of Southern opportunities
will prove invaluable to those
interested in the South.

THE LAND OF
MANATEE

I

S the most beautiful section
of America, heretofore with-
out rail facilities. The cli-
mate is delightful, the atmos-
phere salt-laden and perfumed
by thousands of blossoming
orange, lemon, grape fruit and
guava trees and the most beauti-
ful and fragrant of flowers. CA
land of perfect health, ideal
living, where crime, trouble and
ill health are as yet positively
unknown. Manatee booklets de-
scribe it in detail.

The most costly piece of railroad lUeralure ever issued is the special Southern
edition of the Seaboard Magazine of Opportunities,— yes, there is one for you.— It is
unique, contains no advertisements, but hundreds of full page and half page photc-
gravures,— the most ex-quisile^xamples of the modern printer's art and each worthy
of framing. Sent free on receipt of (en cents to pay postage.

J. ^V. WHITE,

General Industrial Jtgent, Portsmouth, Va.
SEABOARD AIR. LINE R-AIIv^WAY

\»/
\\f

vv

f

i
I

■Pr :^^-^- ^^<i<i<i<- <-^-
^ X^^^^^^^^'^-^^-^-'^-^-

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

J5

LUTHER M. CASE,

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,

Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco.
Shade Grown JS^J^
Sumatra in Bales.

#

>^^

<!$»
■J-^-,.

M'iin Warehouse anl Office, P.n: M:il)7v, C)n

BRJiMCH IV/iREHOUSES:

SduihwicU, Mass.,— F'Temaii, H. L. Miller.
Kasi Caiiaati, Coim.,— Forein.iii, h. F. liionsoii.
IJarkharnsted, Conn ,— Foreman, L. \. T^ee
North Hatfield, Mass., — Foreman. Willis Holden.
Now Hartfijrd. Conn ., — Foreman, James Stewart.

SUMATRA PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn.,
Barkhamsted, Conn.,
Southwick, Mass.,

25 Acres
20 Acres
J 5 Acres

Always in the market for old Tobacco if well
assorted and packed, jt Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialt)', assorted and sized into
thirty-two grades. ......

Jy'

^mm?^^mw^^mm^m^fm^mf^^^mmr^

seeil beils an<l the seed, mixed with
wood ashes, sown broadcast inti them.
The seed germinates in eight days, and
at two months, the yonng plants are
six or SBven inches Ijigh and ready for
transplanting. The gronnd is marked
oH:' into scpiareH about thice feet apart
and the yonng plant placed in the
centre and shielded from the sun's rays
l)y pieces of banana bark stuck into
the ground by their sides. The amount
of tobacco produced per acre varies
with the seasons, but such a thing as
a failure of the crop is unknown. The
tobacco worm does damage but they
are not so bad a pest as in the United
States. One peculiar thing regarding
the tobacco worm is that during one
season they may be present in great
number while the next or even two
seasons may pass without a worm being
seen.

During harvest the pickers go from
plant to plant, picking the ripe leaves,
distinguished by their darker color. If
a leaf does not respond easily to the
slight pressure used by the picker, it is
left on the ■ plant as not being ripe.
The first four or five leaves on the stalk
are picked first and thrown away, as
resting on the ground they are dirty
and valueless. The ever present water
butfalo, dragging a two-wheeled cart,
awaits the pickers until enough leaves
are gathered to fill the cart. The load
is covered with fresh banana leaves and
hauled to the curing sheds where they

are stiung on small bamboo poles to
dry and carefully pnjtected from sun
and rain. The curing process is
practically the same as in the United
Htate.s. After curing the leaves are
tied ten in a bunch and ten bunches to
a bundle and ready to market. The
tobacco ready for sale is divided into
five grades, the average native grower
seldom has better than third grade.
The first grade is the perfect leaf used
as wrappers for the best cigars; they
may be either light or dark in color,
but a wormhole or sand spot grades it
a second, used to wrap a cheaper grade
of cigars than the first. Off-color and
broken leaves used for fillers are graded
fourth and fifth, as to condition. The
fifth grade is everything left over from
the other grades.

Sumatra Smuggling

Gustav W. Isaacson, of No. 'Jl
Thirty-eighth street, Brooklyn, charged
with being connected with a tobacco
smuggling scheme, has forfeited his
bail by not showing up at the Federal
Building in Brooklyn to find out
whether or not he had been held to
await the action of the Grand Jury.
His bond for |1,000, which had been
given for his appearance before United
States Commissioner Cochran, was de-
clared forfeited.

There was some doubt in the minds
of the officials as to what charge
should be iua(ie against Isaacson.

Carl Peterson and Ludwig Hansen,
two of the eiew of the steamer Arkan-
sas, were taken to Brooklyn from
Baltimore, and they testified that in
April they brought over two hundred
pounds of Sumatra tobacco, which
they delivered to Isaacson. Thoy
brought some more over on the last
trip, but as the first had not been paid
for they refused to deliver it. Ihe to-
bacco was found in the chest of one of
the men when it was searched at Bal-
timore.

Isaacson was arrested on a warrant
chaiging him with receiving smuggled
tobacco on the last trip of the Arkan/
sas, but the evidence showed that he
never received the tobacco on that
trip.

Simsbury
The growers aie busy harvesting the
crop which is the largest and best
grown in town for years. The acreage
is about the same as last year, nearly
300 acres.

HEJtDQUJtRTERS FOR

TOBPGCO mSURHIIGE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

95 Pearl St., HJiRTFORD. COlfff.
14 Fort St., SPRINGFIELD, MJtSS.

J6

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

In Windsor Locks

Rejoicing Over tHe excellence of THis Season's
Tobacco Crop

'T'HE tobacco growers Id the vicinity
of Windsor Locks aie harvesting
one of tlie best crops which was ever
raised in the Connecticut Vallej'. The
work of cutting down tlie plants is be-
ing rushed and slowly the tobacco
fields are being stripped of their
waving green products. The growers
are in excellent spirits and a wave of
almost prosperity is passing over this
entire section as a result of this season's
crop. The person who is not familiar
with tol)acco culture has but a small
concP))tion of the risks a man assumes
when he plants a large held with to-
bacco. He first must raise his young
plants under glass and then he must
expend large sums of money for fertili-
zer. After the young plants have
been set out the grower must watch
them and guard against tlieir being
attacked by insects.

Very fortunately for the planter in
this section, says a writer in the
Springfield Republican, the elements
have not been unkind, and there have
been no hailstorms, high winds or bad
rains. The tobacco plants have been
freer from worms and grasshoppers
than for years. As a result the plants
which are now being h unvested are
large, healthy and necessarily heavy.
Within two weeks the tobacco fields
will again be barren, but it will be an
excellent crop which will have been
taken from their broad surfaces.

The one fear of the grower now is
of hot, sticky weather. Such condi-

tions, should they prevail for any
length of time after the plants have
been harvested, would mean heavy loss.
The most trying days are surely over,
but until the leaves ate packed in cases
read3' for shipment there will be a
tinge of anxiety in the minds of the
farmers. Another unlociked for diffi-
cnlty with which the planters are now
forced to contend is that the crop is so
tremendously large and heavy thar
the barns are not large enough to ac-
commodate the plants. For instance,
a five-acre barn will not accommodate
this year a five-acre crop. The plants
themselves are so bulky that the farm-
ers are finding it necessary to place
them farther apart on the frames than
is usual. Just bow the growers will
meet this emergency is but a matter
of speculation, as there .seems to be no"
easy solution for the difficulty.

One of |the most beautiful fariL-land
sights in the state is the 75-acre piece
of tobacco which has been I'aised in
town by A. N. Graves. It is the larg-
est piece of tobacco in the state, and
people are coming in from all over the
countryside, as well as from near by
cities and towns, to view this really
beautiful sight. It is a Nature picture
which is seldom seen — a tremendous
expanse of tall, green plants, which
gracefully bend their heads to the
breezes. The growers all ovef this
section have sincere congratulations
for Mr. Graves on the success of his
venture on the plains.

The crop, which consists of 25 acres

of Connecticut seed leaf and 50 acres
of Havana seed leaf, is without ques-
tion one of the be.st ever raised in the
valley. Mr. Graves' has been an in-
teresting as well as a somewhat hazar-
dous venture. And ruore than this, the
success which has rewarded his efforts
is quite likelv to exercise quite a con-
siderable influence on the tobacco-
growing industry in this section. Un-
til Mr. Graves undertook to raise to-
bacco on the plains, this wide expanse
of level country had not been considered
as being tit for raising tobacco. Not-
withstanding this popular opinion, Mr.
Graves has made a big success of tobac-
co growing on the plains. Next year he
is planning to raise 100 acres. During
this past spring he expended in the
neighborhood of $10,000, most of
which was paiil for fertilizer. It was
a venture, but now the money ex-
pended will be returned twofold.

There are between 300 and 400 acres
of this plains land in Windsor Locks,
and it may be bought for flO and |15
an acre. Many of the growers of the
Locks confidently believe that these
plains, a part of which lie in this town,
will be the future tobacco nurserj' in
Connecticut. It is very true that
enormous quantities of fertilizer must
be used in making the soil of the plains
tit for the cultivation of tobacco, but
the price of the land is most trifling,
and, more than this, Mr. Graves has
demonstrated that tobacco growing on
the plains is a paying proposition.

The farmers expect to receive from
20 to 35 cents a pound for the product
next spring and they apparently have
ample grounds for their expectations.
Good tobacco has been scarce for
several years and it will not be any too
plentiful this year, for in other dis-
tricts the crops have not been as suc-
cessful as in this section.

TKe Tobacco of Burma

Supply of Cheroots Far SHort of tKe
Demand

ARAGOON paper anticipates
that, under the present condi-
tions of tobacco-growing, the supply of
Burma cheroots will soon fail alto-
gether. For a good many years past
cheroots manufactured in the province
have been held in very high estimation
by a large class of smokers; and at the
present so numerous are the lovers of
good Burma cheroots, that it is not
easy for Europeans here to purchase
them, the demand for exportation be-
ing so great. During the past ten
years, the cost per hundred of Burma
cheroots has greatly increased, and it
is not by any means an easy task to get
cheroots at one rupee eight annas a
hundred, so good as those which ten
years ago could be purchased at twelve
annas a hundred. Increased demand
has, no doubt, vei'y much to do with

the enhancement of cost; but one has
grave doubts as to whether it is en-
tirely to blame. The population of
the iirovince has steadily increased,
and if it would pay to manufacture
and sell cheroots at twelve annas a
hundred ten years ago. one would
think that it would pay when the
product of such manufacture brought
double or more than double that sum.
It may be that the rapid rise in the
selling price of paddy had something
to do in the cheroot manufacture. The
cultivation of paildy being so easy, and
under the highly enhanced rates so
profitable, cultivators left every other
article of product alone in favor of
paddy.

But the cultivation of tobacco might
be made highly protitahle if someone
would only take the matter in hand.

The government has tried it and failed,
for reasons into which we do not here
intend to enter. The facts remain
that good tobacco will grow in Burma,
that the demand for good Burma che-
roots is increasing, and that the supply
has already fallen short of the demand.
Not only has the supply fallen short,
but it bids fair to go on in the same
direction until Burmas are as high in
price as Manilas, or any other favorite
brand. Bad as this might be for
smokers who like Burma cheroots, it
might be good for the province gener-
ally, if even certain men could be
found to pay a high price for them.
The Burma cheroot has not a prepos-
sessing appearance. It looks a very
plebeian affair alongside a member of
the Manila or Havana brands. And
the habit of smoking Burma cheroots,
and gettrng to prefer them to anything
else, is an acquired one, in proof of
which it may be stated that the chief
consumers of the present day are those
who either lived for some time in Bur-
ma, or who furnished thera with regu-
lar supplies, whereby they got to like
them.

PlONEEK.

'^M New England

Tobacco Grower

VOL. VI. No. 2.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, OCTOBER, 1904.

$1.00 A YEAR

T' r^ V

^? ■

Numerous E.arly Sales of Broadleaf

East Windsor Hilt

The crop is cniing frsnod cnUji and
quality and for the most part free from
pole burn. There have been n number
of sales at good pi ice a. The American
Tobacco Company has bought the crops
of J. W. Helm, J. L. Newton, Miss
Mahoney, Lerny Brown, Mrs. Toohill,
Malone Bros., Mrs. Broderick, Mrs.
Daly, O. M. Pelton, A. H. Sadd, John
Magnire, E. B. Ripley, H. S. Powers,
F. O. Newberry, M. J. Riordan, J. S.
Clapp, Bancroft Bros., T. Snthergill,
Hackett Bros., Geo. and Arthur Hayes,
Robert Skinner, W. F. (irant. W. Hills
and some others at prices ranging from
3t) cents in bundle to 83 cents assorted.

L. L. Urotta has bought the crops of
E. Curtin, Mrs. Risley, S. P. New-
berry, S. O. Stoughton, Mrs. C. M.
Newberry, the Misses Douglass, W. N.
Jennings. H. E. Pitkin, M. V. B.
Porter, B. S. Parker, and some others,
at prices langing trom 80 cents in
bundle to 37 cents assorted.

Grave of New Haven has bought the
crops of W. G. Newberry, Miss E.
Pelton, E. A. Farnham, H. Osborne,
Bert Stiles, and C. H. Riordan, paying
from 80 cents to 84 cents.

Kaffenberg has bought the crops of
Mrs. Mooie and F. H. Bidwell, at 82
cents assorted.

Osterweis has bought the crops of
VibertBros., I. W. King, L. D. Chand-
ler, Emmett Simpson and George
Thresher, at 29 cents and upwards.
' Taylor of Westfield has bought the
crops of Dennis Driscoll and J. B.
Noble, at 29 cents in bundle for former.

Huntting has bought the crops of J.
Lathrop, L. J. Grant, Mr. Collins, A.
S. Potwine, and C. Grant and some
others at 28 cents and upwards.

L. B. Haas has bought the crops of
Juneau, Geo. Case, Tj. p. Brown, Mr.
Simpson, ,Iohn Vinton, Thomas New-
berry, Martin McCirath, Erastus Burn-

ham, and others, at about same prices.

E. O. (^Godwin has bought the ci'op
of D. J. Kelleher and others.

I. Bijur has bought the crops of Mrs.
Kinney, A. C. Riordan. W. G. Bnrn-
ham, Dan Driscoll, J. A. Bnrnham,
and others.

E. Dwight Farnham has bought the
crops of John Driscoll, Mr. Stiles,
James Driscoll, James Abbe and some
others.

There are about 20 crops still unsold
between Scantic River and Podunk
Brook, a distance of about four and
one-half miles.

The last of the harvest was com-
pleted September 30. A hard frost
occurred the night of the 21st.

No tobacco is suflBciently cured at
this writing to be stripped.

A number of new sheds and addi-
tions have been hnilt. The crop is the
best for years.

East Hartford

In this section the crop has been
nearly all bought up, at prices ranging
about 20 per cent, above last year,
from 27 cents in the bundle to 87 cents
through, assoited. The average price
probably has been about 82 cents, as-
sorted. This means everything except
the fillers and in some cases even
them.

The leaf is decidedly light in color
this year and it is not anticipated that
great weights will obtain, as was at
one time expected, although it must be
very much larger than last year.
There have been many buyers in the
field. It was at first ieport(d that one
party was going to try and control the
crop. If this was true, the scheme
failed most signally. The American
Tobacco (Company began the buying.
H. Powers. J. Helm and Leroy Brown
selling at 82 cents assorted. J. L.
Newton sold 70 acres to them at about
that price. J. E. Lathrop sold to Wm.

Huntting at 88 cents, assorted, 80 acres
(12,000 down). Bogue of New York
bought a litlle, Kaffenburg of Boston
considerable, H. Taylor a few lots, L.
B. Haas of Hartford, Martin Mc-
Geath's, Malone Bros, and a few
others.

Osterweis of New Haven bought
some, also Fred Graves at prices from
80 to 3.5 cents, assorted. Graham of
New Milford had a hand in the deal,
L. Gershal, also E. O. Goodwin of East
Hartford, not to get left, dipped in and
scooped up about 1,000 cases, purchas-
ing lots of A E, Kilbourne, W. K.
Ackley, Leander Burnham, Roland
Burnham, D. Kelleher, W. F. Andross
and others, at a uniform price of 80
cents, Hinsdale Smith & Co. of
Springfield took many lots at same
price among them tho.se of H. Fitkin,
Foran Bros., and Frank Farnham.

Probably the most popular buyer is
Leonard Grotta of Warehouse Point,
who has paid the highest prices, pur-
chased extensively and made the finest
selections. His purchases include W.
N. Jennings, 37 cents; Frank Prior, 8.5
cents, several at 38 up. and many on
terms not reported, so that the growers
can not complain this year of any
scarcity of buyers in the field who
mean business.

All the tobacco quoled is broadleaf.
The writer does not know of an acre
of Havana in the town of South Wind-
sor or East Hartford. Broadleaf is
evidently in the ascendant, as evinced
by the anxiety on the part of the
buyeis to obtain it, in spite of the fact
that there is a much larger quantity
offered this year than last. W. F. A.

The article on the management of
curing sheds, as discussed at the
Springfield meeting of The New Eng-
land Tobacco Growers' Association,
will appear in the next issue of The
Grower.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

A Wave of Prosperity

■S^veeping Over tHe C

bacco

onnecticut Valley To-
Belt

A WAVE of prosperity is now
sweeping over this section
of the Connecticut Valley
tobacco belt, says a Wind-
sor Locks writer in Spring-
held Republican, and the discouraging
crop failures of the past several years
have been forgotten— the unpleasant
memories of them have been wholly
obliteiated by the high prices which
the tobacco buyers are now offering
the farmers for' their crops. The con-
ditions are very much as had been
anticipated — the buying agents of the
great tobacco companies are ravenous
in their desires to secure crops. The
tobacco crop in this section never has
been better than it is this year, and
the buyers wore never so numerous
and anxious to buy as they are at the
present time.

It will be remembered that for the
past few years the buyers have not
been over anxious to buy crops, with
the result that the small growers were
literally forced to sell their crops at a
price which would not reimburse them
for the fertilizer used on the fields.
But this year the tables have been
completely changed — the demand for
tobacco is unusually heavy, the crops
in this section are thoroughly first-
class, and it is the buyer wlio is the
anxious party, while the farmer real-
izes that he can afford to be reticent in
selling his leaves. Last year the
buyer offered and the farmer had no
alternative other than to accept his
miserably low offer. This year the
farmer may place a price on his crop
and be reasonably sure that his crop
will be sold at that price.

This entire district has been flooded
with anxious buyers for the past few
weeks, and tons of Connecticut broad
leaf have been sold at a price ranging
from 35 cents to 30 cents a pound.
To the outsider 30 cents a pound has
small significance, but when a grower
is offered 30 cents a pound for his to-
bacco he realizes that he is being
offered a higher price than he has been
able to secure for the past 10 years at
least. It is a new and rather novel, as
well as pleasant, experience^ one
which will enthuse a new interest into
tobacco-growing in this section. The
great majority of growers were in
rather sore financial straits last spring,
owing to the crop failures of the past
few years, but next year will find a
greater acreage devoted to tobacco
growing than ever before. This year's
crop has been harvested now and the
greater part of it has been cured to
that extent where it is not in danger
of being ruined by a cold sweat.

The fact that about 30 buyers were
in the vicinity the middle of Septem-
ber may be attributed to the fact that
the rumor became current that the

American tobacco company stood ready
to purchase all of the Connecticut
broadleaf tobacco at an alluringly
high price. This rumor reached the
ears of the New York jobbers, and for
several days every train from the great
metropolis brought several buyers,
whose pockets were lined with sound
money. And when it is stated that
these buyers are ravenous in their
efforts to secure crops, no exaggeration
of conditions has been committed. An
interesting example of the average
buyer's anxiety is shown by the follow-
ing incident which was related by the
proprietor of a Warehouse Point hotel.
Three buyers who were stopping at the
hotel learned of an excellent and un-
sold crop of Connecticut broadleaf in
Scautic. Not daring 1o wait until
morning, the men combined forces,
hired a team and drove to Scantic,
where they clo.sed a deal with the
much-surprised farmer.

The crops are not yet ready to be
taken from the barns and treated to a
forced sweat, but in agreeing to buj- a
crop the agents are this year giving
the owner |100 as a guarantee of their
intention to take the crop. This is
only a fair protection to the grower.
Ninety-nine per cent, of our farmers
are honest, but unfortunately this can-
not be said of all buyers, and the |100
guarantee is simply justice to the
farmer. .

The buvers are now securing the

broadleaf tobacco, but the Havana seed
leaf will find a ready market when the
broadleaf has been exhausted. Fortu-
nately the amount of broadleaf raised
this year is larger than ever for the
following reason: Many farmers had
for several years been raising the
Havana seed leaf, and each year the
crop was a partial failure. So last
spring an unusually large acreage was
devoted to the broadleaf.

milstoivn

It is said that the Mulcahy brothers
have sold their tobacco to Huntting for
34 cents through, and received $700
down.

lOStal

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^he NcAv Rnglaiid
Tobacco Grower

HARTFORD

CONNECTICUT

Tobacco Curing Nicely

Growers Will Soon Begin the 'WorK
of Stripping

OCTOBER, 1904

East Windsor Hill

Harry Farnham has reported liis
arrival at Melbourne on his way to
take charge of Australian toliacco
growing experiments.

A four-acre shed is being built by
Edgar Farnham.

Suffield

Tobacco is curing down nicely, and
some of the farmers who cut early will
soon begin the work of stripping. One
grower has said: "It is a crop of
wrappers,'' and he is not far out of the
way, for the tobacco already cured
shows the leaves are thin, stretchy
and of a very light color, jnst the re-
quirements for wrappers. L. Oster-
weis & Co. of New Haven have bougut
the crops or Fish & Kent and William
H. Martin.

While hanging tobacco September 1,
the pole on which Willis F. Russell
and his hired man were standing
broke, throwing both to the ground.
The fall was about 10 feet and Mr.
Russell struck on his shoulders and
head, injuring him severely. Two
years ago Mr. Russeli fell in almost an
identical manner and had not fully
recovered from that fall. The man
working with Mr. Russell was slightly
bruised.

The crop is being rapidly picked up
flnd a large number of sales are re-
ported daily. The prices range from
17 to 34 cents in the bundle and as the
weight per acre is rather above the
average the growers are receiving good
returns for ther summer's work.

The crop is curing nicely and seems
to be beyond the stage for pole sweat.

East Hartford

In the very severe thunder storm in
the afternoon of September 8, Frank
HoUister of South Main street, in the
Willow Brook district, was struck and
instantly killed. With his brother
George he had been at work on his to-
bacco crop, at the home of his father
on Naubuc avenue. They were driv-
ing up the lane from the tobacco lot to
the tobacco shed when the shower
started.

Frank was driving and Ueorge was
on the seat lieside him. The lightning
struck the horse and then followed the
lines up to Mr. Hollister. He instantly
fell backward, dead. George Hollister
received a severe shock but was not
injured. The horse was killed.

Mr. Holli-ster was born in Hockanum
and was the son of Mr. and Mrs.
Chauncey Hollister. He received his
education in the public schools of East
Hartford. He married Miss Emma
Forbes of Brewer street and since his

marriage had lived on South Main
street, where he built a house.

Besides his wife he leaves one child
about three j'ears old. A son, Chauncey,
died a year ago. His father and two
sisters are also living. The sisters are
Mrs. Harry Anderson and Miss Hattie
Hollister. George Hollister is his only
brother.

Two houses were also struck in East
Hartford. One was that of Samuel N.
Brainard at the corner of Burnside
avenue and Rector street. The bolt
entered the house by the chimney and
came through into the kitchen. A
great deal of woodwork was torn up.
Mrs. Brainard and her children were
in the house but were not injured.

The other house is owned by Charles
VV. Iioorais and is located on Burnside
avenue, near Main street. The elec-
tric lights were all burned out and the
little daughter was rendered nncon-
scious by the shock. The house was
not damaged.

Enfield

The harvest is over, and everyone is
pleased with the result. The work
was rushed, and as help was plenty
and the weather favorable, tlie tobacco
was put in the shed without much
delay after ripening.

The condition of the crop as it went
into the shed, I think, was never
equalled in my experience of .50 years.
There was no calico to speak of, and
never was there such a dearth of green
worms.

While all fertilizers have produced
a large growth, yet I think appearances
indicate that Olds & Whipple prepara-
tion will show the best results of any
combination except cottcn-seed meal
and vegetable potash. Now, I am not
interested in any form or manner with
the firm mentioned, but after what I
have seen this .season, I am thoroughly
convinced that their preparation is a
wonderful tobacco grower. X. Y.

Glastonbury

Nathaniel W. French and Jacob
Bantle, appraisers of the estate of
Joseph Bautle, have filed their inven-
tory with the probate court, showing a
total valuation of $y,51.5.,'53, of which
|3,5()0 represents one-half interest in
13k< acres of tobacco.

IVapping

L. J. Grant has increased the size
of his tol;acco shed.

Will Grant has built a shed that
will accommodate two acres of tobacco.

Storm in Pennsylvania

A principal topic of conversation in
Pennsylvania tobacco circles has been
the damage to the growing crop in
Lancaster County by the hail storm
late in August; which swept through
ten of the forty townships of the
county. The most conservative esti-
mates place the loss at $100,000, while
not a few well-informed tobacco men
make the loss twice that sum. The
estimates of the lo.ss run all the way
from ten to twenty-iive per cent, of
the crop. The acreage was fully ten
per cent, less than that of 1908. and
with the tobacco destroyed, there will
be a decided shortage, which must
mean higher prices.

During the past week business done
among the packers was less than for
the week previous, yet the sales re-
ported aggregated 838 cases, against
2,619 cases for the corresponding week
of last year. Tobacco of 1903 sold up
to eleven cents, but the average price
was not above nine cents.

Cigar Leaf Market

Another very good week's business
has been done in New York in domestic
leaf and the aggregated sales run well
up in the thousands of cases. Broad
leaf changed hands in good-sized
blocks, prime wrappers bringing about
(S'i cents; dark wrappers, 30 to 35 cents,
and fancy seconds the same. Con-
siderable Havana Seed was also sold,
medium light to light wrappers bring-
ing Vtft to 6.5 cents, and fancy seconds
30 to 30 cents.

E. Rosen wald & Bro. of New York
have sold a packing of 1,600 cases 1903
Connecticut Broad Leaf to Weinheimer
& Opp, the well known dealers of St.
Louis. The purchase includes some
of the choicest wrappers that the
market affords.

Sumatra. — Business generally is
quiet in this branch of the trade. A
few good sales have been put through
this week, however, and importers are
hopeful of an early revival.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Wages in Philippines

CKeapness of Cigar Production ir\ tHe Factories

of Manila

Tubac'co
summer

WRITING from Washington, a
correspondent of the New
York Tobacco Leaf says that
the address of President Bijur
of the National Oigar Leaf
Association at the mid-
meeting of the New Eng-
land Tobacco Growers' Associa-
tion has attracted much atten-
tion here, and the Administration's
tariff expertf have examined it with a
great deal of care. There is no ques-
tion that the very energetic work of
the National Association under Mr.
Bijur's direction is regarded here as
likely to prove a very serious obstacle
to the execution of Secretary Taft's
philanthropic plans for aiding the
Filipinos at the expense of the Ameri-
can tobacco trade

A statement made by Mr. Bijur that
has aroused much interest is liis
declaration that a majoiity of the
Philippine Island cigarmakers get as
daily wages 37 'q cents, while the
wages of American laborers in the to-
bacco fields of this country are 11.50
per day. This contrast is so great as
to cause incredulity in the minds of
those who are not familiar with the
details of the subject, but the Tobacco
I,eaf's correspondent is in position to
support Mr. Bijur's statement with
the official figures gathered by the ex-
perts of the Bureau of Labor of the
Department of Commerce and Labor.
Following is a census covering thirty-
one cigar and cigarette factories in the
city of Manila, where it is safe to say
the highest rates are paid:

Em-

ploy

Natioii-

Rate of

Occupations

ees.

alitv.

Sex

wag-es.

... , 1

White
Native

M.
M.

S2.S0 dav

4

2.00 dav

8

Native

M.

1 50 dav

4

Native

M.

1.00 dav

■J

White

M.

150.00 mo.

1

White

M.

100.00 mo.

J

White

M.

75.00 mo.

1

White

M.

50.00 mo.

3

Native

M.

50.00 mo.

3

Native

M.

40.00 mo.

1

Native

M.

25.00 mo.

Apprentices..

. .. 18

Native

F.

.12' 2 dav

370

Native

t.

.10 dav

2

Native

F.

2 50 mo.

Box fillers. . . .

.... 86

Native

M.

.37^3 da3'

2X0

Native

M.

.25 dav

8

Native

M.

11.00 mo.

8

Native

M.

7 50 mo.

lio.x finishers

.... 36

Native

M

.37}^ dav

80

Native

M.

.25 dav

26S

Native

F.

.25 dav

8

Native

M.

11 00 mo.

6

Native

M.

7.50 mo.

Ci^'areUe mal

ers. SO

Native

M.

.37 « day

1,826

Native

F.

.25 dav

88

Native

F.

7.50 mo.

Cijrareiie pad

eis. 505

Native

!■'

.25 dav

17

Native

I''.

7.-5(1 mo.

Cipar rollers.

- . . 218

Native

M.

.75 dav

52

Native

M

.(.2!.j dav

1,220

Mative

M.

.50 dav

85

Native

F.

.50 dav

202

Native

M.

.37 J 2 dav

3,873

Native

F.

.37^2 dav

724

Native

F.

.25 dav

20

Native

M.

15.00 nil).

48

Native

M.

11.00 mo.

8

Nalive

F.

t.ai mn.

16

Native

M.

7..50 mo.

12

Native

F.

7..50 mo.

1

M

1..50 dav

1

Native

M.

.50.00 mo

Foremen

.... 1

Native

M,

1.50 dav

Sorlery

Workmen.

4

White

M.

75.00 mo.

6

While

M.

50.00 mo.

1

White

M.

40 00 mo.

346

Native

M.

.37^ dav

12

Native

M.

11.00 mo.

226

Native

M.

.50 dav

142

Native

M.

.37!, dav

647

Native

M.

25 day

,!34

Chinese

.M.

.25 day

116

Chinese

M.

.20 dav

8

Native

M.

.15 dav

T

Nalivc

M.

15 00 mo.

46

Native

M

7.50 mo.

A gUiiicu at the above table shows
that Mr Bijur's statement was well
within the mark. Taking the factories
employing the largest number of
operatives it will be observed that
3,331 native female cigarette makeis,
embracing piactically all the labor
engaged in this branch of the industry,
received only 2.) cents per day, while
3,873 female cigar rollers were paid
371^ cent.a per day, and 742 only 2.5
cents per day. While a few male
ciiiar rollers svere paid som3svhat
higher wage.^, the a\-erage will be
found to be well within Mi. Bijur's
figures

Jt Tobacco Exposition

Plan? for the tobacco exposition to
be given in Philadelphia, in Ojfober
under tire auspices of the Retail Cigar
and Tobacco Dealers' As.sociation have
assumed definite shape nmiei a com-
mittee of which R. W, Boch. of Boch
& Co., Broad and Chestnut streets, is
chairman. The purpose of the exposi-
tion, believed to be unitjue in tradi;
circles, is to give to the independent
manufacture! s an opportunity to show
their goods, distribute samples, etc.,
such as the grocery trade has
enjoyed for many years in its pure
food show. For this purpce a cen-
trally located hall has been tentatively
secured and arrangements have been
made for the erection of 1()(J booths.
Chairman Boch has sent out a circular
saying:

"The object of this convention and
exhibit is to induce the dealers to
nandle and push anti-trust goods more
extensively and to educate the public
to the superior quality of the goods
made by the many independent fac-
tories: also to combat and prevent
further inroads of the trust." In con-
nection with the display of goods
there will be given a series of popular
lectures on interesting features of to-
bacco growing, preparation, consump-
tion, etc., and addresses by representa-
tive speakers of both the dominant
political parties. The opportunity for
manufacturers to participate is limited
to 100. It is proposed to hold the ex-
))osition between October 17 and 22 and
the committee in charge has already
received enough promises of .support to
warrant the belief that success will
crown the effort. This exposition was
projected long before the recent rebate

offer of the American Tobacco Com-
pany was promulgated and was origi-
nally to have been held in the early
summer, but was then postponed until
October.

Warehouse Point

A number of the tobacco growers in
this vicinity have already disposed of
their crops and have received good
prices -better than for several years
past. . Among those who have sold are
Edward Curtain, ten acres at 35 cents
a pound; McGuire & Douglas, ten
acres at 33 cents; William Jennings,
seven acres, at 37 cents; Henry Pitkin,
eight acres at 34 cents; Frederick
Porter, eight acres at 33 U cents; Oscar
Stoughton, eight acres at 34 cents;
.Samuel Newbury, seven acres at 33%
cents; .John Dugan, seven acres at 30
cents: Mrs H. R. Newbury, six acres
at 33 'a cents; Mrs. Risley, four acres
at 31 cents: and B. F. Parker three
acres at 30 cents.

APPARATUS Of all kinds,

of large or small capacity,
Mounted & Portable Outfits.

Send for special Catalogue.

PUMPS

For Fac-
tories or
Private
Use.

FAIRBANKS-MORSE

Gasoline Engines

from U til 7r> lluise I'mwcf f'.ir all .strvioes.

Special Pumping Engines.

PULLEYS, SHAFTING AND BELTING

for Power EquiimiL-nt of F;n-toriep ami Mills.

WINDMILLS, TANKS

AND TOWERS,

Pipe, Fittings and Hose.

In writing for Catalogue please specify which
one you want.
"We make a specialty of Water Supply Out-
fits for Country Estates.

CHARLES J. JAGER COMPANY

174 HIGH ST., BOSTON, MASS.

STABLE NPBE

IN CAK OR.
CARGO LOTS

Prompt Delivery

Lowest Prices

11. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

HARTFORD
CONNECTICUT

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

H

IT

P

NDIAN HEAD rLANTATIONi

INCORPORATED

Growers and PacKers
of Leaf Tobacco

SUMATRA— (Grown under ClotH)— CUBAN
CONNECTICUT HAVANA— (S\in-grown)— CONNECTICUT BROADLEAF

Jfssorting and Packing for the Trade

I

Plantation Houses and Office at

Granby Station

N. Y., N. H. <S- H. R. R.
Express, Telegraph and Freight

Jtddress: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 32=14

TARIFFVILLE

Connecticut

Connecticut Broadleaf

New YorK PacRer and His Experience in Pur-
cKasing 1Q03 Crop

I

HAVE never been more happy
iu getting rid of a crop of to-
bacco than I was when the
last of my 190^ Connecticut
broadleaf passed out of my
hands," said a packer. "I did
not like the tobacco when I bought it,
and the prices paid for it were out of
all reason. As careful as I am in put
ting up my packing, the damage found
at sampling time was considerable.
The buyers who took the tobacco off
did 80 reluctantly, and only because
they had to have it. And I suppose
they thought I was making a nice
profit on the transaction, when in
reality it was a comparatively small
one. I could have put my money in
almost any stock in Wall street two
mouths ago, and made much more
money than I did by worrying over
my purchases for a year and then tak-
ing the chance of some good thing go-
ing wrong among my bills receivable."
A member of the trade who returned
on Saturday from Cuba said to me this
morning: "I must admit that I was
disappointed in what I saw of the new
crop of Vueltas and Partido. It may
be that I set my hopes too high, but I

expected to find the tobacco a much
more attractive proposition than my
examination proved to be. A great
deal of the tobacco is not acting right
in the bales. The sweat is backward,
and it looks now as if the Vuelta fillers
would require much more time to cure
up tlian was predicted a few months
ago. It would surprise you to see how
much of the cream of the crops grown
ill the western part of the island have
already been picked up by both local
and foreign manufacturers. The
.shade grown tobacco is doing well and
is by far the finest looking wrappers I
have ever seen. Considering their ex-
treme thinness it is wonderful what
toughness and elasticity they possess.
The shade-growing industry in Cuba
has come to stay.

My uncle had a call on Monday from
an American gentleman who has lived
for the past fifteen yeais in the Philip-
pines, and he was very enthusiastic
about the bright future of the tobacco
and cigar iudur-try of our new posses-
sions. He seemed to take for granted
that the duty on these products was to
be reduced at an early day so as to ad-
mit of a large business being done with

America. I asked him what assurance
he had that any reductions in duty
were to be made. "The best in the
world" —be quickly replied — "from the
powers that be in Washington." This
Filipino merchant took a pencil and
paper and jotted down some figures
showing the possibilities of his country
in the matter of growing tobacco and
making cigars if the United States
were opened up to them as a market.
These figures should be consulted only
in hot weather, because they would
sen 3 a cold chill down the spine of
every tobacco grower and manufac-
turer of medium-grade cigars in the
country who took a peep at them. —
The Beginner in the New York Tobac-
co Leaf.

atti:ntion i

Tobacco Raisers

Do you want Strictly Rope Paper
for Tobacco Wrappers? / have it
Do you want Manilla Paper? /
have it. Do you want Twine? /
have the Best and all at Lowest
Prices

■=^V. GARVAN=

205-207 State St. Hartford

Telephone t07i

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Tobacco Cultivation

Hoiv tHe Plant is Grown in
£ast Indies

tKe DutcK

THE Bulletin ciu Mnsee Commer-
cial, ill an article upon the to-
bacco cultivation in the Dutch East
Indies, says that the plant is cultivated
in two different manners, according to
whether it is intended for exportation
or local consumption. The home con-
sumer prefers the long stalk leaf, and
cares very little for the ground in
which it is grown. When a plot of
ground is chosen, either in or out of
the desa, or village, it is sown after
the weeds have been pulled up, and
without being even dug up. If theie
does not happen to be sufficient natural
shade for the young plants, they are
covered with cocoa leaves. The end
of the rainy season is the time usually
chosen for sowing. In the morning or
afternoon, seed mixed with sand or
ashes is spread over the ground; it is
then watered and covered with straw,
in order to prevent the rains washing
the seed away, and to keep the ground
fresh in the middle of the day. The
seed commences to sprout at the end of
fifteen or twenty days. It is then
necessary to guard against caterpillars,
which have a preference for the shaded
plants. At the end of fifty or sixty
days, the planter for home consump-
tion considers that the young plants
are strong enough to transplant, and
then commences to prepare the fields
where the tobacco is to be cultivated.
A preference is shown, as a rule, to
the dry grounds, or tegals, as it is be-
lieved that tobacco cultivated in these
is stronger than that grown in sawahs,
or damp ground.

Before taking the young plants from
the nursery grounds they are well
watered, and the strongest are first
transplanted in rows about three feet
apart. In this operation the farmer is
assisted by his family, and it usually
takes place in the afternoon. When
the family is not large enough to assist
in the work, friends and neighbors are
called in to help him. A plantation
seldom contains more than 3,000 plants.
After planting, the young plants are
again watered, and are protected from
the rays of the sun by being covered
with large leaves, chiefly those of the
djali. During the dry weather they
are watered every day until the plants
having taken root, those which are
weakly or dead are pulled up and are
replaced by others, in addition the
caterpillars are carefully removed.
Occasionally the ground is weeded and
broken up with a patjol, a species of
mattock, great care being taken to
heap up the soil around the stem.

At the end of seventy days, the
plants commence to bear buds ; these
are carefully removed with the fingers
or with a small knife. After this
operation, the shoots which spring
from the stalk and injure the leaves

are carefully watched. The highest
leaf is considered by the growers as
the best of the whole plant, and if it is
desired to fully develop it the lower
ones are sacrificed, so that in some
cases only twelve or fifteen leaves are
left on a plant, while those planters
who only look to tue quantity and not
to the quality of their crop only remove
from eighteen to twenty of the leaves
three months after planting, and when
the leaves begin to have a yellowish-
green tint the gathering of the crop is
commenced. This is done leaf by leaf,
and great care is taken to keep separate
the higher leaves, the lower leaves,
and those growing midway; or again,
these are mixed together in a propor-
tion, according to the exigencies of the
market for which the planter is grow-
ing. The crop is covered with leaves
of the pisaiig, Musa paradisaca, and
placed upon bamboo tables. After the
lapse of twenty-four hours, or when
the leaves have become completely
yellow, they are removed from the
stems, and the principal libs aie taken
away; a dozen leaves are rolled up in
such a manner as to leave the largest
on the outside, and they are then cut
up very fine. This is a fatiguing
operation, and requires much practice.
The tobacco known under the name
of "shag"— in Dutch Apeuhaar —
which is sold in European markets,
shows to what a degree of perfection
the natives have attained in the art of
cutting up. The table used for this
operation is a simple plank, long rather
than bread, furnished with two ledges
widened toward the top. The rolls of
tobacco are placed between these two
ledges, and are pushed forwaid by the
hand as the knife cuts off the layers.
The knife used is composed of a very
long and broad plade in a short handle,
and is used only for this puriaose.
When the planter's family is not
sufficient for the cutting, friends ..nd
neighbors are called in to assist, and
as a rule this assistance is not paid for
in money, but the workpeople are well
treated and receive a portion of the
crop as their reward. For two or
three days the tobacco which has been
cut up is allowed to remain exposed to
the sun, and during the night it is
exposed to the air, as it is the opinion
of the growers that the dew exercises
a favorable effect upon the aroma and
the color of the tobacco. As soon as
the tobacco is dry and of a brown color,
the layers are taken up and folded in
two in the form of a square bundle.
This operation is usually performed in
the morning about nine o'clock, as
then the tobacco is supposed to have
got rid of the night dews, and has not
become so <lry as to be difficult to
handle.

The bundles so formed are wrapped

up in banana leaves, and are then
heaped up in bamboo baskets, covered
in the inside with pisang, djali, and
alang alang leaves. In these baskets
the tobacco is subject to a species of
fermentation. When the tobacco is
not intended for immediate consump-
tion it is kept in the baskets or in
boxes care being taken to exclude the
air and light. The grower for the
home market who thus keeps his cut
tobacco (radjang) provides himself
with capital for he knows that sooner
or later Chinese Arabs, or the native
merchants will visit his village and
purchase his surplus crop. Prices vary
according to quality and circumstances,
but native tobacco is always very
choice, and assures to the grower con-
siderable profit, if he is only careful in
choosing his time for selling. Prices
generally range from 30 to 80 francs
per picul being equivalent to about
137 lb. avoirdupois. Native tobacco
from some parts of the Archipelago,
for instance that grown in Paraan,
Kadoe, Redjang. or Palembaug, has a
very high reputation, and fetches a
high price. It is the usual custom or
the Japanese to plant his tobacco in
the sawahs, or watered land, after the
rice harvest and in the tegals, or dry
grounds, after the maize harvest. It
is believed that the dry ground grows
a stouter and more odoriferous leaf,
and the irrigated lands a finer and
larger leaf.

The Bulletin du Musee Uomiueicial
states that the information respecting
the tobacco industry in the Dutch
East Indies has been furnished by the
Belgian Consul-General at Batavia,
who has also forwarded samples of
the native products to the Commercial
Museum at Brussels.

Shade-Grown Sumatra
and Shade-Grown
Cuban Wrappers

FOR. 3ALE IN QUANTlTlEi
A.S DEJIR-ED

Write for Samples and Prices

FOSTER

Drawer 42. Hartford, Conn.

STUDIO

lOSQ MAIN ST.. HAR-TFOR-D

Leaaing Artist ii» PhotograpHy
and General Portraiture.

Our p\ioti>!,naplis are not ".sliade" srrown but
are nuKU- with Uu- cloariioss and exaL-l UUeuess
thai win tor ir.'i i.i-rniaiu-iil customers. We are
after your pliotoyraiihic trade. Studio, IO30
Main St., Opposite Morgan St.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

E/Ssex iSpecial Tobacco
Manure

and

Tobacco

Starter

LTHOUGH the prices of chemicals have ad-
vanced very much during the past season, we
guarantee to keep the analyses of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand-
ard of preceding years. CThe Growers that use our to-
bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight and a large percentage
of light goods in all seasons. CBuy our Tobacco
Starter for your seed-beds, your plants will be from ten
days to two weeks earlier than those grown on any other
formula. CSend for our Catalogue.

RU>S5IA CEMENT CO.,

M ANU F ACTU B.EB.S js/ £/ ^ £/ £f -0

GLOUCESTER, ^^MASS.

E. B. KIBBE:, General Agent, Box 752, Hartford, Conn.

W. F. Andross

View^s on tKe 1904 Crop by tKe 'Well Kno'wn
£ast Hartford Grower

H E close of the past week
practically witnessed the
finish of the tobacco harvest.
The weather for the past ten
days has been all that can be
desired for the proper curing of the
crop. The much-dreaded "pole sweat"
has not put in an appearance yet, and
it is to be hoped that it will not.
Much of the crop has progressed in this
practically favorable weather to that
stage where nothing short of a com-
plete rot would subject it to much
damage. It is a subject of remark
among growers that so promising a
crop has not been put in the buildings
for many years. The previous one
that approached it in size and healthy
points, it is conceded, has not been
produced since 1872. That crop, it
will be remembered, was of enormous
size and of fine appearance when it was
harvested, but the latter part of Sep-
tember and the first part of October of
that year developed an unprecedented
condition of weather that proved the
ruin of the tobacco — an unforeseen ac-
cident that is not liable to occur, in-
deed has not appeared since that time
to the same extent.

The present crop has one feature

that could not have been claimed in
1873, that is, its remarkable sound-
ness, resulting from the absence of
green worms, which are a nonentity
this year. This cause of damage,
though widely distributed, is in the
aggregate a serious one, even to the
extent that in the past twenty years
green worms have caused a greater loss
in Hartford county to the tobacco crop
than has been done by hail in the same
period.

Hail storms have been usually local
affairs, but the work of the green
worm is insidious, and, when opera-
tive, covers the whole territory. The
prevailing status of this crop of 1904 is
an unusually large growth, a feature
that is universal, both as regards seed
and Havana. There are no poor spots
or weak places, and few exceptions to
the general rule. Soundness is also a
prominent point in the crop, owing, in
fact, to the complete absence of worms.
"Suckers" have not been much in
evidence this year, a fact that prevents
much breakage in removing them,
which also adds to the general sound-
ness.

There is less calico than usual, con-
sequently less "rust," only a very few

pieces seem to be affected by it. Much
of the early-cut tobacco has cured
down sufficiently to show colors, and,
to an extent, something of the general
quality, which seems to be very fine.
The colors are assuredly light: top
leaves have the appearance of curing
finer than usual, but as to weights
nothing can be said at present, athough
the growers anticipate that they will
exceed the past few years in that
respect. Another week of the contin-
uance of good weather will place the
majority of the crop beyond danger of
pole sweat. There are many good
features to the present crop that seem
to indicate a future to the product of
1904.

No sales have been reported as yet,
and it is to be hoped that there will
not be any at present. The growers
manifest a tendency to hold off and not
sell immediately, considering that they
have got a crop that will warrant it.
They also talk of higher prices. No
person, however, has failed to have a
"looker," as there are many such in
the field. No prices are talked off on
a sort of tacit understanding that
prices will ejceed the prices of last
season. Certainly the prospects were
never more encouraging to the growers
than at present, market requirements
and all.

Zion's Hill
The crop promises well. Buyers are
in the field, but only two sales have
been reported, William Peckham and
Willis Ford.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^^e New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

S3 Trumbull strcett

Hartford Fire Insurance Building

Hartford, Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
Ten Cents a Copy.

Qfficial Journal of The New Kng-land
Tobacco Growers' Association.

PAUL A.CKE:R.I,Y. Editor.

Volume VI

Number 2.

Entered at the Hartford Post-Office as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, OCTOBER, 1904.

SJtLES

^T^E ask the co-operatiou of all
readers of The New England
Tobacco Grower in the reporting of
sales of tobacco this season. A crop of
extraordinary weight and fine qualit}'
has been produced, and it is attracting
dealers in various parts ot^he country
who for several years have packed no
Connecticut tobacco, as well as hold-
ing the attention of the veteran deal-
ers and^packers of Connecticut leaf.

It is due to the tobacco grower ana
to the general trade as well that the
sales and prices should be promptly and
accurately reported, and in this we ask
the aid of all the readers of The New
England Tobacco Grower.

Without further invitation, write us
of your own sale, and of the sales and
prices in your neighbuthood.

TOBJtCCO TOWN TROLLEYS

■JI Y the opening of the new line ot
■^"^ the Windsor Locks Traction Com-
pany, a trolley route from Hartford to
Springiield is available along the west
bank of the Connecticut River, as well
as along the east. Just as the east
side trolley passes through a succession
of prosperous tobacco-growing towns,
so does the new line connect the two
chief cities of the tobacco region by a
route leading through the thriving
leaf-growing communities of Windsor,
Windsor Locks, Suffield and Agawam.
Where tobacco is grown in Connecti-
cut is a prosperous, busy community,
and it will not be long before practi-
cally every tobacco farm in the Con-

necticut Valley can be conveniently
reached by trolley, for these towns
offer good fields for electric transporta-
tion. As long as the time-honored
system of ''riding and buying" con-
tinues in the leaf trade, the extension
of the trolley will be welcomed by the
buyers as well as by the growers, and
every new line makes for easier trade
communication.

THE COLLEGE JtT STORRS

A WAITING-LIST of acceptable
candidates for entrance at the
Connecticut Agricultural College is
agreeable news in that it shows the
educational prosperity and popularity
of the institution, and likewise a thing
to be regretted because it shows the
lack of accommodations for many
young men and women who should
have the advantages aflforded by a
course at the state's agricultural
college.

The situation sliows a great change
from that of a few years ago, when
there was a departure-list for each class
instead of a waiting-list. The success-
ful adnjinistration of the institution,
and its rescue from the depths aie
creditable to the board and faculty.

The I904 Crop

The New York Tobacco Leaf says
editoiially;

"The Connecticut crop of 1904 is a
banner one, and there is no discount-
ing its supremacy over that state's to-
bacco crops of the past few years. Just
what its commercial results will be
remains to be seen. On the one hand,
the leaf promises to be of excellent
quality — and is in fact, up to the
pre.sent stage of maturing — and it
should therefore bring a^ good price.
On the other hand, the large produc-
tion should, by the natural law of
supply and demand, make it more
easily accessible to second hands.

"Both the farmer and the packer
should look at the situation from each
of these points of view. The grower
should not overstep the bounds of
reason in fixing his asking figure,
while the packer sliould be prepaied to
pay a logical price for a fine piece of
goods. Fairness and consideration on
both sides will tend to make the
maiketing of the crop as succe.ssful as
its raising has proved to be."

Removing Mold

A new discovery for the removal of
mold OT tobacco has been made by
Herbert Knox, a chemist of Waiehonse
Point If the claims of the inventor,
which are founded on divers experi-
ments are borne out the discovery will
be of great value to tobacco growers
and packers. The remedy is a complex
mixture, neutral in nature. It may be

used either as a spray, or it may be
disseminated through the butts and to
the leaves. The solution is said to
work rapidly through the entire leaf.

Mr. Knox makes the following state-
ment:

•'After forty years of laboratory
work the inventor has brought to light
a new method for permanently remov-
ing must and mold from leaf tobacco
by the natuial laws of capillary attiac-
tion ; also invented a certain compound
which being applied to the butts ot the
tobacco leaf, as packed in the cases
will pass up through the stems and the
veins of the leaf removing all mold
and must, and at the same time, im-
proving the burning qualities, without
changing its normal color, but giving
to the leaf brilliance, liveliness, and
silkiness found in the highest grade
only.

"It is a well known fact that crops
of tobacco, wherever raised, vaiy in
quality, much being so poor that it is
unsalable, and on this account accumu-
late in the various markets. To im-
prove defective stocks of the ordinary
tobacco leaf of commerce, by the
simple law of nature capillary attrac-
tion distributing throughout the leaves
by only applying certain h irmless in-
gredients which fills the want to make
a perfect leaf tobacco. The influence
of this preparation is can led through-
out the entire leaf removing all mold
and must and giving a desirable
capacity for holding fire.

"No odor oi taste due to the process
can be present, this infusion will re-
move mold and must in all conditions
short of rotting, as it cannot exist in
its presence, permanently restoring the
tobacco leaf to a healthy oondition

"The plans hitherto adopted to
lemedy thi.'^ moldy and musty condition
of leaf tobacco havt- proved to be only
temporary, tlie agents used are inducive
to mold and must and not to restore
the tobacco to a healthy condition."
In South Jtfrica

A reporter for the Evening Bee,
Danville, Va., had an interview re-
cently with Nicholas Ruffin, who re-
turned several days ago from the heait
of Africa, where he has been located
for the past two years.

Mr. Ruffiu left Danville in October,
1903, and went to Africa as a repre-
sentative of the Blandtyre East African
Limited Company of Edinburgh, Scot-
land. His heailquarters were in Zom-
ba. the capital of British South Africa,
and his duties were to superintend the
immense areas of tobacco farms which
are tilled by native hands, Zimba has
about forty European rnhabitants, anp
Blandtyre, which is situated not far
distant, is the largest city in that
country, having a popnlation of
seventy-five Euiopeans.

Mr. Ruffiu says in British South
Africa his company has 43,U0u acres of
tobacco lands, a large portion of which
he himself had charge of, working at
Times as many as (500 natives a day.
the Africans are required by the laws
of -the English Parliament to work two
months in the year for their taxes and
rent.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

American Tobacco Company

R-eorganization and Merger of tKe Consolidated
Continental and A.nierican Concerns

UNDER the name uf the Aiueiioan
Tobacco Ooiupany, a reorganiza-
tion is being effected by the merger of
the American Tobacco Company, the
Consolidated Tobacco Company, and
the Continental Companj' all of New
Jersey.

The powers of the merged corpora-
tion are very broad, and also include
those of the former corporations.

The officeis will be as follows:

President. James B. Duke: vice-
president, John B Cobb: vice-presi-
dent, Caleb C. Dnla; vice-president,
Charles E. Halliwell; vice-president,
Percival S. Hill: secretary, William H.
McAlister; assistant secretary, Josiah
T. Wilcox; assistant secretary,
Charles K. Faucette: treasurer, John
M. W. Hicks.

The capital stocK of the merged
corporation is to be |18O,00O,lJ(lO,
divided into 1,800,000 shares of |100
each. One million shares are to be
common and eight hundred thousand
preferred stock.

According to the merger agreement
holders of the eight pei cent, preferred
non-cumulative stock of the old Ameri-
can Tobacco Company are to receive a
gold bond or other obligation of the
merged corporation in the proportion
of |133.3a 1-3 for each .flOO. These
bonds are to bear interest at the rate of
six per cent. A payment of |3 in cash,
in lieu of dividend, is also to be made
on each share of said preferred stock.

Holders of the seven per cent, non-
cumulative preferred stock of the Con-
tinental Tobacco Co. are to receive the
same six per cent gold bonds or other
obligation at the rate of !|116.6(j2-3
for 1100. Holders of the said preferred
stock of the Continental are also to
receive the 1% percent, dividend al-
ready declared, payable October 3,
1904.

Holders of the common stock of the
old American Tobacco Co., fhe Con-
tinental Tobacco Co. and the Consoli-
dated Tobacco Co. are to receive equal
value of shares in the merged corpora-
tion.

The stocks and bonds of the three
companies now or.tstanding, are: (a)
American 8 per cent, non-cumulative
preferred .stock, 114,000,000; (b) Con-
tinental 7 per cent, non-cumulative
preferred stock, (of which $10,767,100
at par is held in treasuries of Ameri-
can and Consolidated), |48,844,G00;
(c) Consolidated 4 per cent. 50-year
gold bonds, *lo7,378,'300: (d) Con-
solidated common stock, |40,000,000;
(e) American common stock (of which
Consolidated holds !j;.')4,-J74,550, leav-
ing held by others 1225,450), |;i4,500,-
000; (f) Continental common stock,
(of which Consolidated holds 148,829,-
100, leaving held by others |17, 000),
|48,S46,100.

Under the merger statute of New
Jersey, six per cent, is the maximum
interest which bonds can bear, and in
Older to equalize the income from these
six per cent, bonds with the income
heretofore derived by the holders of
the preferred stocks the conversion of
preferred stocks into bonds is at the
rate of 1116 2-3 of bonds for each share
of Continental preferred stock and
1133 13 of bonds for each share of
American preferred stock. The Con-
tinental preferred stock held by the
American and Consolidated companies,
amounting at par to 116,767,100, will
be cancelled upon the merger and the
bond issue will, therefore, amount to
156,090,416, or a decrease in the face
value of these first securities of |6,754.
183, and a decrease in annual interest
charge, as compared with the present
dividend charge, of |1, 173,697.50.

One-half of the holders of the Con-
solidated four per cent, bonds are to
exchange them for six per cent, cumu-
lative preferred stock of the new com-
pany at par. Holders of tlie other half
( who have not signed the agreement)
have the option of taking their hold-
ings either in the bonds, or partly in
bonds and partly, but not to exceed
fifty per cent., in the six per cent,
stock.

The plan makes the outstanding
.securities of the new company in the
order of their priority, as follows: Six
per cent, gold bonds, 156,090,416;
four per cent. gol<l bonds, 187,689,100:
six per cent, preferred stock, .|78,689,-
100; common stock, $40,242,450.

Provision is made for additional
common stock to be issued or not
issued hereafter, as the directors see
fit.

The earnings of the three companies
in 1903 aie stated to be as follows:

Ameiican Toljacco Company (not
counting dividends received on Con-
tinental preferred stock held bv it),
18,485,584.64: Continental Tobacco
Company It 2, 756 , 784. 06 : Consolidated
Tobacco Co. (not counting dividemls
received on American or Continental
common or preferred sto.cks held by it)
1985.813.39; total, |22, 228, 182.09.

The merger plan estimates the appli-
cation of earnings as follows:

Total farnings, 1903, 122,228,182.09.

Amount required to paj' interest on
156,090,416 of six per cent, bonds, |3,-
365,424.96; amount requited to pay
interest on $78,689,100 of four per
cent, bond, .|o, 147, 564: amount re-
quired to pay dividends on 178.689,-
100 of six per cent, preferred stock |4,-
721,346: amount (in excess of all in-
terest charges and preferred dividends)
applicable to dividends on $40,242,450
common stock, $10,993,847.13.

On this basis says the New^ York
Tobacco Leaf, there would be a pos-

sible dividend of twenty-five per cent-
on the common stock of the new com-
pany.

Crop Conditions

Statistics prepared by the United
States Department of Agriculture show
the following tobacco crop conditions
September 1, 1904, as compared with
previous dates:

Sepl. 1 Sept. 1 Auf. 1 Aug-.l

State. 1904 1903 1904 1903

Massachusetts . . 107 78 97 84

Vermont 90 95 90 84

New Hampshire 89 100 90 95

Connecticut ... 100 82 99 90

New York 86 79 98 93

Pennsylvania . . 94 93 92 96

Maryland 89 86 96 84

Viiginia 91 87 83 81

N. Carolina S7 83 89 82

S. Carolina 91 78 86 84

Georgia 93 97 94 96

Florida 76 86 93 90

Alabama 87 87 87 92

Mississippi 76 88 85 91

Louisiana 91 95 98 95

Texas 90 90 89 92

Arksinsas 81 86 87 84

Tennessee 76 89 84 86

W. Virginia. ... 88 81 91 89

Kentpcky 78 81 78 80

Ohio' 84 75 86 85

M-ichigan 64 88 88 86

Indiana 73 81 79 84

Illinois 91 85 84 87

Wiscon.sin 80 92 85 94

Missouri 86 83 88 85

United States 83.7 83.4 83.9 82.9

Neiv England Tobacco
Growers' Association.

President
EDMUKD HJiLLMTtMY, Suffield. Conn.

Vice-President
THMDDEVS GRMVES, Hatfield, Mass.

Secretary and Treasurer
PJtVL JiCKERLY, Rockville, Conn.

1 iflic-
53 Trumbull Street, Hartford, Conn.

"Directors.

Wm. F. Andross, South Windsor, Conn.
Joseph H. Pierce, Enfield, Conn.
M. W. Fri.sliie, Southington, Conn.
William S. Pinney, Suffield, Conn.
H. W, Alford, Poquouock, Conn.
Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor, Conn.

B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.
F. K. Porter, Hatfield, Mass.
Albert Hurd, North Hadley, Mass.
J. C. Carl, Hatfield, Mass.

C. M. Hubbard, Sunderland, Mass.
W. H. Porter, Agawam, Mass.
Lyman A. Crafts, East Whately, Mass.
James S Forbes, Burnside, Conn.
George C. Eno. Simsbury, Conn.

W. E. Burbank. Suffield. Conn.
E.C. Hills, South wick, Mass.
James Morgan, Hartford, Conn.
H. Austin, Suffield, Conn.
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass
H. S. Frye, Poquouock, Conn.

JO

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

New E^ngland Farming

Views of tKe Boston American Cultivator
Specialism and Co-operation

N E of the questions that

Owj most often occurs to the
M mind of the faimer in all
"■ sections is, how can the

farm be made more profit-
able than it has been. There are
many ways in which different farmers
could manage to do this, and while
what may be said in this matter may
not be adapted to all farms, all locali-
ties or all men, perhaps many can find
herein a hint that will enable them to
improve a little upon their present
practice, and while intended more
particularly for the Eastern States,
there is no patent process which will
prevent any part of it being tested
wherever it is found applicable.

Many have found the secret of suc-
cess in devoting themselves to some
one crop or some specialty of stucli for
which they were best adapted or which
circumstances of soil or market de-
mands had given extra advantiages.
We have no objection to their'adyocat-
ing the profits of their" special busi-
ness, but we do not think any of them
should be made a rule for all men and
all locations. It takes less study to
learn one branch of agriculture or
horticulture well, and it is easier to
give it thorough, careful attention
than it is to understand and watch
over all the details of a business which
includes the dairy and other live stock,
the orchard, the garden, the poultry
yard and the apiary, but the varied
business has the advantage that, if an
unfavorable season causes a lack of
success in one branch, it does not often
affect all alike, and a successful crop
in one thing may counterbalance a
failure in some other. We certainly
do not know of a specialty that we
could recommend to all our readers as
sure to make the farming profitable in
every season.

Not all men have tastes alike or the
same capabilities, and the work that is
a pleasure to one man would be the
hardest drudgery to another, while to
many the change and variety from one
task to another and from one season to
another is the great charm of farm life.
We would then say that most farmers
would find an extra profit by varying
their business even more than they do
now. The sea captain or the yacht
owner does not try to increase the
speed of his vessel by increasing the
size of his mainsail alone, but is look-
ing to see where he can spread another
sail, however small, to catch a little
more of a favorable breeze. Though
some of them may not be much larger
than a pocket handkerchief, they are
expected each to add to the propelling
power of the whole, and each in pro-
portion to its size and cost.

But the size and effect each will
have been carefully studied, and the

best methods of using them are well
known. There is no guess work about
the time or the way to use them, al-
though the weather conditions are as
variable for the seaman as for the
farmer, and their workings are care-
fully watched as the farmer should
watch each detail of his business.

If there is any one rule applicable to
all successful farming, it is in the old
sayinsT that "Whatever is worth doing
is worth doing well." More intensive
farmi)ig and a more exact knowledge
and practice of the best methods in
ever}' branch are needed. This can be
obtained by watching of the agricul-
tural papers which are always ready to
give the methods followed by the most
successful farmers and by the special-
ists in each branch of the business,
and by studying reports of the agricul-
tuial colleges and the experiment
stations which are sent free to all who
ask tor them. We say study them, and
we do not mean that all that they con-
tain is to be accepted as a guide for
the future work. Think about them
and see whether they are adapted to
the soil that you are working or the
crops you are growing. The methods
that succeed in the hills of Berkshire
County are not those likely to give the
best results upon the sandy plains of
Cape Cod, and the crops that are most
profitable in the gardens within a half
hour's drive of Boston market would
not be profitable in Aroostook County,
Maine.

Study the needs of your own soil and
see what it wants to make it fertile,
and what methods of cultivation pro-
duce the best results upon it.

While a course in a good agricul-
tural college may be of great assistance
to the boys and girls of the farm, or
those who expect to devote themselves
to farming, thev are not absolutely
necessary to educate them up to the
science of farming successfully. If
they were there would be many less to
show improved methods than we now
see. We have named two sources from
which the farmer can derive much edu-
cation in his own business, and per-
haps the best, too, for the agricultural
editor does not hesitate to avail himself
of all that is learned both by the prac-
tical and the expeiimental farmer, but
the Grange, the farmer's clubs and the
farmers' institutes certainly can do
much. They are often better adapted
to supply information needed in their
own localities than a paper or bulletin
prepared to circulate over a large sec-
tion of country where many different
wants must be considered and many
greatly varying conditions prevail.
The Grange and the club not only
bring out the ideas of the best farmers
in the locality, but they often bring
out little facts from those who would

Potash

is as necessary to
the liealthy growth
of grain as grain
is to the health of
man.

Our valuable books on
"Fertilization," sent free
to farmers upon request.

aER.M.\N KALI WORKS
93 Nassau Street New York

not write to a newspaper or may be too
diffident to tell what they know unless
among a circle of intimate friends and
neighbors.

That the agricultural colleges and
the boards of agriculture could do
more by sending out experts into sev-
eral sections when requested, to select
locations for truck farming, small
fruits, orchards or poultry, or instruct-
ing as to methods of draining or im-
proving the land, we do not doubt, but
the farmers must first make it plain
that they feel the need of .such in-
formation, are willing to pay for it and
to profit by it. Many of them do not
seem to be very desirous of learning
more than they know already, or even
to avail themselves of such opportuni-
ties as they now have. The farmers
should co-operate more than they do
with one another, not only in buying
foodstuff, fertilizers and machinery,
but in selling their products as well.
A half-dozen men going ten miles to
market with their teams, each to sell
ten or fifteen dollars worth of produce
from one neighborhood, seems foolish,
when one team could draw it all and
one man sell it all in the same time.

Andrews & Peck,

MANUFACTURERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Doors Windows and Blinds.

Manufacturers' Agents for Akron Sewer
Pipe and Land Tile.

We make a specialty of hotbed sash.

Office, 88 MarKet Street,

Mill: Charter Oak and Vredcndalc Avenues,
HARTFORD. CONN.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

a

Ten THousand Acre Farms

Big Properties THat TaKe A.rinies

Cultivation

of Men For

O the average farmer, who cul-
tivates less than 200 acres, a
section of land seems indeed
a large amount to enclose
under one fence. But in the
Southwest there are numerous farmers
who conduct farms containing 10,000
acres, and who are now employing
armies of men to gather the harvest.

These men are modern captains of
indu-stry, whose business ability is
equal to their farming qualifications.
The income and expenses of running
such farni-ianchea are equal to that of
many corporations, the managers of
which are known to nearly every news-
paper reader. But the.se farmers are
practically unknown to the business
world, although they are contributing
to the prosperity of the country ten-
fold.

There are methods used in the man-
agement of 50,000-acre farms that
could not be utilized on a small tract
of ground, but the general plan of con-
ducting these gigantic places offers
many valuable suggestions to the lesser
farmer, and opens an interesting tield
of study for those interested in modern
farming methods. The managers in
every instance are shrewd business
men, but nearly all of them have
learned their farming education from
practical experience.

The number of farms in Kansas,
Oklahoma, Nebraska and Indian
Territory, according to a recent census
bulletin, was much smaller than in
neighboring states, while the number
of acres under cultivation exceeded
others surrounding. Farms in these
states are large ami conducted upon au
extensive scale.

One of the largest farms in the
Southwest is the famous "101" ranch
in Noithern Oklahoma. The ranch is
first seen from the car windows of the
Santa Fe railroad as one journeys
southward through Oklahoma to the
Texas coast. In summer fields of
wheat and corn are seen extending to
the horizon, in winter the gray plowed
fields tire the eyes, so immense are
they in proportion.

This ranch covers 50,000 acres, of
which 13,000 acres is undeV cultiva-
tion. Every year there is harvested
8,000 acres of wheat from -one field,
3,000 acres from one corn field, besides
other cereals. The plan of the man-
agers of this ranch is to place the
whole property under cultiviition with-
in five years, but the task is large and
requires time.

The annual expenses of conducting
this place are $7.'), 000, while the profits
are about twice that amount. Joseph
Miller, once bank president, but an
experienced stockman and farmer, is
the superintendent of the ranch. He
secured the land from the Ponca and

Otce Indiana, and pays them an annual
rental of .f2L',.'j00.

Two hundred men find employment
on the ranch, working in the harvest
fields, herding the 8,000 cattle kept on
the ranch continually, and breaking
mules. There is a blactcsmith outfit
on the ranch, a telephone system runs
from one part of the property to an-
other, 100 miles of fence surround the
place, and 400 mules are used in at-
tending to the cultivation.

Another big ranch in Kansas is the
Forsha farm, near Hutchinson. This
is UKjdern in every particular. ".Sam"
Forsha, the owner, commenced twelve
years ago on a small scale to raise
alfalfa and cattle. Alfalfa is compara-
tivelv a new crop, and he found it hard
to grow upon the plains of Kansas.
Now he has an eleven-hundred-acre
field, the largest alfalfa field in the
United States. Indeed he is the sec-
ond largest grower of this country, or
any other, for that matter.

Mr. Forsha 's ranch property covers
five thousand acres. One thousand
acres is sown to wheat and sugar corn
and kafir corn; the remainder, exclu-
sive of the alfalfa fields, is thrown into
pastures, where roam from fifteen hun-

dred to two thousana head of fattening
steers. These are fattened with ground
f('eil and alfalfa.

On this raucli is a post office for the
convenience of the manager and his
employes, while there is a government
wheather buieau to keep record ot the
rainfall and temperature. His ranch-
house, containing eighteen rooms, is
heated by steam and lighted by a gas
plant on the ranch. An innovation in
ranch-houses as established by Forsha
is bathrooms for the hired hands. This
improvement is heartily welcomed by
the workers, too.

John T. Stewart of Wellington is a
modern faimer captain of industry.
He came to Kansas in 1870 with |50
in cash. Securing work in i Wichita
real estate ofdce, he soon became ac-
quainted with the land situation, and
invested his small amount to advan-
tage. Within five years of work in the
real estate office he bad accumulated
18,000.

He then removed to Wellington, Kan.,
and commenced investing in farms.
Now he owns 140 in Kansas and forty
in Oklahoma. He rents them all on
shares, that is, he takes one-third of
the crop for rental. He superintends
them all himself and re-invests the
profits in farms surrounding those he
already posse.sses.

There are scores of men in the
Southwest who have big ranch proper-
ties, but their systems are copied after
the pioneer already mentioned. — New
York Times.

Q-

-Q

Q-

A

Southern

v_w

Home

In a country free from excessive heaL and cold,
healthful an i prosperous

LANDS AT LOV^ PRICES

For printed matter, circulars, etc., giving full
particulars, write

M. V. RICHARDS

Land and Industrial Agent, Southern Railway
and Mobile & Ohio R. R. J* J* ^ Jt

MTASHINGTON, D. C.

©

12

THE NEW EN GLAND ITOBACCO GROWER

A Grower's Cigars

Internal R.evenue Commissioner Discusses His
IVigHt to Have TKem Made Up

A PARTY asks if it will be per-
missible for a person, who
has had some tobacco given
bini by the grower, to have a
lady who is visiting near him
and a cigaruialter make up the tobacco
into cigars for him for his own iu-
divirtual use without payment of tax
or (lualifying as a cigar manufacturer,
it being understood that the cigars are
not to be boxed or sold. The appli
cant calls attention to a former ruling
of the Commissioner in which it was
stated that no restriction whatever was
placed upon a person manufacturing
cigars for his own individual use, pro-
vided the same were not removed from
the place of manufacture for consump-
tion by others, either by gift or sale.

He was advised that the Tax Manual
Special 8.5, levised January, 1896,
says: "Registration as a cigar manu-
facturer is not held to apply to a per-
son who. without employing any per-
son (o make cigars for him, makes
cigars exclusively for his own personal
smoking, and neither sells, offers to
sell, or removes from the place where
they were made, cigars so made by
him for his own personal use.'' The
further attention of the applicant was
called to the Regulations, page 50,
based upon sub-section 10 of section

;>,344 of the Revised Statutes, which
read as follows: "Every person who-se
liusiness it is to make or manufacture
for himself, or employs others to make
or manufacture cigars will be re()uired
on commencing business to register,''
etc.

In construing the above the Commis-
sioner holds that in the case referred
to. that if a party does not intend to
engage in the business of manufactur-
ing cigars for profit or sale, but only
for his own personal smoking, whether
he makes the cigars himself or has the
lady visiting near by make them for
him for his accommodation, if
they are not to be removed from
the place of manufacture for sale or
consumption, be would not regard the
transaction as coming within the scope
of the internal revenue laws requiring
registration and payment of tax on the
cigars, and the manufacturer of the
cigars might be permitted without in-
terference, provided the collector of
the district was fully satisfied there
was no purpose to conduct an illegiti-
mate business.

There would be objection, however,
if the lady is a professional cigarmaker,
traveling abjut from place to place
making cigars for farmers or others
for compensation or hire.

Hinsdale

The crop was nearly all in the sheds
by Septemlier .5, and is curing well.
The leaf in this section is very fine, of
a light color, and without sweat or
damage.

None has been taken from the poles
as yet, but .some growers expect to be-
gin about the first week in October.

There have been a few sales as fol-
lows: A. B. Davis & Son, four acres
at 18Vo cents; W. N. Pike, five acres
at 17 cents: W. D. Stearns, three and
one-half acres, at 15 cents, and M.
Hanrahau, two and one-half acres at
15 cents, all to E. 'Weever of West Suf-
field.

There are other nice crops yet un-
.sold. F. A. Davis.

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Advertisements under this head cost one
cent a word each lime; no au vertisement taken
for less than twenty cents: cash or stamps
must accompany orders, which should be re-
ceived b3- the 25th of the month.

FOR SALE— Winter Rye, $100 per bushel
Bo.\ 164, Tariffville, Connecticut.

WANTED — Position as consulting' and nian-
afirin^ superintendent in leaf tobacco culture.
No objection to g'oing' abroad. Bo.x 37, care of
New Engrland Tobacco Grower.

WANTED TO PURCHASE-Second hand
tobacco bailing press. Bo.x 38. care of New
England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Distributer for the output of a
small cig'ar factory makinff a specially of S25
and S30 groods. Bo.'; 34, Care The New Eufjland
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Si.v cases Connecticut Broadleaf
Seconds. State price, locality where thrown,
and state where jjoods can be seen. Bo.x 3b,
Care The New Eng^laiid Tc)bacco Grower.

Westfield

The crop here seems to be curing in
good shape. The weather so far has
been of the best.

Some of the first cut will be ready
to strip October 1.

No sales yet, growers generally pre-
fer to have tobacco in the bundle be-
fore .selling.

The crop was harvested early.

H. B.

Hadley

Tobacco is curing down smooth and
very elastic. There is good prospect
of higher prices, if growers will hold
on to their tobacco.

We used cotton seed meal, with
Bowker's in hill before planting, 1,000
pounds of each. Can show eight acres
of fine tobacco.

No tobacco taken down yet.

H. R. Cook.

Portland

The 1904 crop of tobacco in Port-
land has cured a very desirable color
and is a fine leaf.

Messrs. Hale and Lichenstein have
been buying extensively the past week
and have secured the most of the crop.
The prices paid have ranged from 10 to
22 cents in the bundle. Andrew N.
Shepard has purchased a number of
crops also, paying the same prices.

Washing
Powder

CHICAGO

Swif fs

Washinj^
Powder

— FO**-

CLOTHING .

Swift's Washing Powder is the Tidy Housewife's best friend.
Try a package and see for yourself.

SWIFT PROVISION COMPANY,

19 John Street,

BOSTON. MASS.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

13

Jl Wonderful Chair

Nicholas V^'endliiser of Rockville,
iifter two years' labor, has completed a
remarkable chair, of which the like
has never before been seen anil doubt-
less never will be.

The chair, as the illustration shows,
is made of remarkably matched pieces
of natural growth hardwoods, twisted
in Nature's worksboji, and made into
a chair without in any way changing
the material except by removing the
bark.

These twisted branches were col-

the purchases wouM be consumed be-
fore the disease of the leat would have
any opportunitj- to spread. And as
that type of loaf is being used now
chiefly in the cheapt-r grades of cigars
and little cigars, tlie fastidiousness of
the smokers could not be so awfully
offended by a little more or less musty
taste. BesiJes, the mustiness would
give the flavor extract people a wel-
come chance to exploit again their
chemical lotions.

A return, therefore, of musty to-
bacco would only add to the freight
expense, as the same people would
want the stuff again and they will
then have to take it in a worse condi-
tion than it is now. In other respects
the market is doing fairly well. The
hunger for binder stock is most pro-
nounced, as the attempts at sampling

It'Cti'il liv Mr, '\V,-ii'liii~Hi- ii.'i -"iKilly iii
his search of Tolland and Windham
Counties for these materials The
cause of the twisting is the constriction
of the young branches where a bitter-
sweet vine has become entwined about
a tree. The remarkable chair is greatly
admired by all who have seen it at Mr.
Wendhiser's store, on Market street,
Rockville.

The Leaf Market

The after-effects of the recent boom
in our market are causing some severe
heart-burnings, says the U. S. Tobacco
Journal. For a goodly quantity of
New England leaf that was .sold during
that boom is reported as being returned
on account of the damage it shows.
But the buyers of those goods knew
what they bought and if they didn't,
they merely "^ent it blind." For the
U. S. Tobacco Journal told them for
months and months that the New Eng-
land crop was a very defective one and
that a sound packing of that crop was
sometbing that it would take the
lantern of a Diogenes to discover.

Consequently if they were in need of
having that crop, they would have to
take it as it was. Nor could they run
a too great risk on it. For as the fac-
tories were bare of the New England
Havana seed and if bound to work it

the 1903 Wisooasin are disclosing one
of the most unavailable binder crops
on record. Within a few weeks, there-
fore, there will be an onslaught on
what is left of the 1902 crop.

TOBACCO IN CUBA

The profit from the raising of tobacco in the

Vuelta Abajo District
Provixice o/" Pinar del Rio

IS ALMOST BEYOND BELIEF

Send for book descriptive of the fine tobacco

lands for sale in this district at the

American town of Herradnra

Incorporated, S440,000 Capital Stock

Herradura Land Co.

BERNAZA 3. HAVANA, CUBA

Ross Self Feed Tobacco Stalk and Ensilage Cutters

The only cut-up ensilage ma-
chine on the market, making
it especially adapted for cut-
ting tobacco stalks for fertil-
izer.TTOBACCO GROWERS
have been quick to recognize
its value.'yAre you one of the
progressive kind? Write for
circulars and prices or call
and see samples at either of
our two stores.

27 Lyman Street, Springfield, Mass, 2tS State Street, Hartford. Conn.

THE. B. L. BRAGG CO.

I

GET RE5ULT5

We handle everything used in adver-
tising— space, cuts, booklets, circu-
lars. We contract for complete ad-
vertising campaigns; attend to every
detail; and :: :: :: :: ::

GET RESULTS

JOHNSTONE ADVERTISING AGENCY

Incorporated

Hartford Fire Insurance Bldg.
Hartford, Conn,

16 State Street
Rochester, K. r.

\

14

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Cultivation and Curing

Gro'wing tKe Leaf in Gazipur (British India)
Contrasted AVith FrencK System

MEMORANDUM on Tobacco Cul-
tivation and Curing at Gazipur
in contrast with tlae French system
described by Kumar Gozendra Narayan.
Jr.,ofKuch Behar, iu his Memoran-
dum, jiage 19 of his report on the Cul-
tivation and Manufacture of Tobacco
in France, 1881:

Shelter for Field: The tobacco fields
are usually sheltered from the hot west
winds by a high crop on that side, or,
in the absence of this by sowing a line
of castoi -oil plant or any other fast
and high-growing crop. The cultiva-
tion commences in July. In France
in October.

Rotation of Crops: We follow the
American [Southern States] system,
and tobacco is grown on the same land
only once, or on rich land twice in
three years. The land usually lies fal-
low the third year or should do so, and
in America a crop of oats is often
sown, which crop is ploughed into the
land just as the heads commence to
form. In France tobacco is grown on
the same land only once in from five
to seven years.

Manure; The fertilizer at Gazipur
and Poosa consists principally of cow-
manure and vegetable manure, such as
leaves, indigo seet, etc. : at Gazipur
a good deal of night soil and poppy
trash. The land is manured yearly.

Soil ; Lands suitable for sugarcane
and poppy are selected, as being the
richest The land is ploughed from
commencement of rains to time of
planting, or earlier if feasible.

Seed-bed: A piece of good high
land is selected, well ploughed, cleaned
and manured with good old manure
(low ground would swamp. ) The
ground, when soil has become well
pulverized, is now marked off into
beds four feet broad and running the
whole length of the ground. The bed
is slightly raised in the centre as a
protection against heavy rain. A
small ditch is cut between the beds to
drain oft the water. Tatties made of
straw or arhar twigs are put over the
beds, and are raised three feet from the
ground. The seed is sown in July,
and a second sowing is made in August
in case of accidents. The seed is sown
at a different season to the French
season and differs in soil, and in not
having a stony hard nnder-surface
which would not drain off well.

Sowing in Seed Beds: Two table-
spoonfuls of seed are sown over 100
square feet of seed beds. It is sown
mixed with ashes. It is not left to
germinate before being sown as in
France (this plan has not yet been
tried. ) It is sown by a man who
stands in the ditch running between
the seed beds. After the seed is sown,
the bed is beaten down gently with a
plank or the naked feet of coolies.

The seed germinates in eight days.
The land is kept clean from weeds.
Tlie tatties are Ijept on for at least a
fortnight. They are left off gradually,
that is to say. they are first taken off
for a few hours daily, in the morning
and evening and at niglit, till the
young plants get accustomed to the
sun. They are a protection to the
plants from the sun and also from the
heavy rain which often washes out the
earth from the roots of unprotected
seedling. This is also done in France.
The tatties must not be left on until
the young plants are transplanted, or
else the plants will be weak and unable
to bear the sun.

Transplanting: The land having
been well ploughed and cleaned from
the middle of June to the middle of
August, is smoothed over with a honga
(harrow), and the young plants being
now large enough, they are transplanted
when the leaves are not quite the size
of a rupee. A cloudy or rainy after-
noon is selected for the planting, the
afternoon is better than the morning,
as it gives the plants the whole night
in which to take hold.

The field is either marked out before
hand, by means of a long rope laid on

the field, along which and on which a
few coolies are made to wiilk, and
which leaves a clearly defined line
markeil on the field; these lines are
made first down the field and then
across, each line being the same dis-
tance apart, or else a lighter rope
marked with knots is thus laid on the
field at the time of planting, and a
plant is put in opposite each knot. It
is very necessary for facilitating the
after working of the tobacco that the
plants should be equidistant from each
other. In rich land the plants are put
three feet apart. In poorer soils they
are only two feet and two and a half
feet apart. No plants, whose stems
have become at all hard should be
planted; tliey will certainly be stunted.
Grubs should be looked for in the roots
and stems and all affected plants
thrown away. If the ground is hard
and clayey it is desirable to stir the
earth with a khurpee a little round
the young plants three or four days
after the planting.

Hoeing and Earthing Up: The land
is usually hoed about 10 days after
planting. When the plants are from a
foot to one and one-half feet high, the
earth is thrown up round the roots of
each plant. This is the same process
apparently as that described as ridging
by Kumar Gozendra Narayan, Jr., in
his memorandum.

Irrigation: This is carried on when-
ever, from the appearance of the plants
it is required. The ground is hoed
and tlie plants earthed up after each

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A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobacco Gro'wers

FOR any business man, pro-
fessional man, or industry,
is easily obtained by con-
sulting the Industrial Depart-
ment. CThe proposition submit-
ted will be attractive, embody-
ing just the information desired
to intelligently consider such an
important matter as change of
location. COur monthly maga-
zine of Southern opportunities
will prove invaluable to those
interested in the South.

THE LAND OF
MANATEE

I

S the most beautiful section
of America, heretofore with-
out rail facilities. The cli-
mate is delightful, the atmos-
phere salt-laden and perfumed
by thousands of blossoming
orange, lemon, grape fruit and
guava trees and the most beauti-
ful and fragrant of flowers. CA
land of perfect health, ideal
living, where crime, trouble and
ill health are as yet positively
unknown. Manatee booklets de-
scribe it in detail.

The most costly piece of railroad literature ever issued is the special Southern
edition of the Seaboard Majfaziue of Opportunities,— yes, there is one for you.— It is
unique, contains no advertisements, but hundreds of full page and half pag-e pholo-
yravures,— the most exquisite e.xamples of the modern printer's art and each worthy
(li framing'. Sent free on receipt of ten cents to pay postage.

J.

W. WHITE.

General Industrial Jlgent, Portsmouth, Va.
SEABOARD AIR. LINE R.AIL"WAY

i\(

T
vi/

f

T
W

f

T
M/

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

LUTHBR M. CASE,,

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,
Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco. ^SJ^

Shade Grown J^J^ — .—

Sumatra in Bales. ^T*

J5

Main Warehouse and Office, Pine Meadow, Conn.

BRJtJUCH WJtREHOVSES:

Southwick, Mass.,— Foreman, H. L. Miller.
East Canaan, Conn.,— Foreman, L. F. Bronson.
Barkhamsted, Conn.,— Foreman, L. A. L,ee.
North Hatfield, Mass.,— Foreman. Willis Holden.
New Hartford, Conn., — Foreman, James Stewart.

SUMATRAl PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn., 25 Acres

Barkhamsted, Conn., 20 Acres

Southwick, Mass., 15 Acres

Always in the market for old Tobacco if well
assorted and packed. ^ Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialty, assorted and sizedj^into
thirty-two g'rades. ......

f^mmmmmmfmmKmm^^fmmm.}m

watering until the plants become too
big to allow of men working in the
field.

Topping and Pnlling ofl: Suckers:
When the plants are about three feet
high, or, if weakly-looking, two feet,
the top shoot is plucked off (this shoot
is plucked off directly it makes its
appearance in small or sicklj' plants),
also the lower leaves which are dirty
and draggled, and from seven to 14
leaves are left, according to the
strength and growth of the plant, the
principal object being to get a few
large and well-developed leaves in
preference to a quantity of small ones.
The side shoots or suckers are plucked
off the instant they appear, anil are
left on the field for manure.

Frenching and Grubs in the Plants;
In frenching, the leaf packers up and
is only fit for the native market. If a
grub be found in a large plant, it
should be cut off with all the aft'ected
part and all the portion of the plant
above it — a .side shoot may be allowed
to grow which will give a fairly good
plant.

Signs of Maturity: Tobacco ripens
in about three months' time. It is cut
during the months of November, De-
cember, January, February, to the
middle of March. A ripe leaf has
yellow spots on it. It has a crumply
look, and if bent between the finger
and thumb will break.

Cutting or Harvesting : The cutting

commences directly there are sufScient
plants ripe in a field to fill a curing
barn. The plants are cut off bodily at
the stem just below the lowest leaves
of the plant. The plants when cut are
left lying with tlieir butts toward the
sun in the field to wilt. The time a
plant takes to wilt depends on the heat
of the sun. Usually half an hour is
sufficient. When wilted the plants
are either carried or carted to the cur-
ing barn. There they are spiked on
split bamboos. In the French system
the leaves are plucked off the stem and
hung in the barn on strings.

Spiking and Hanging in the Barn:
Each coolie is provided with an iron
spike which he fixes like a spear head
on to the bamboo stick, he then takes
a plant of tobacco in his band fixing
first the other end of the stick into a
hole in a block of wood provided for
the purpose which he holds between
his toes. The plant is placed with
the butt on the spike about five or six
inches from the end, and the plant
forced down over the spike on to the
stick. From six to ten plar.ts accord-
ing to size are hung on one stick which
is four feet long These sticks are then
hung in the barn, the stick should be
hung so that the leaves may touch
each other slightly, but should not
press against each other. The barn is
fitted up with a scaffolding of bamboos.
The bamboos are three feet six inches
apart and four feet above each other,

the lowest tier of bamboos being six
feet at least from the ground (where
tobacco is intended to be cured by
fires. ) The barn is provided with as
many doors as possible, those on the
west side being made as air tight as
possible. Ventilators in the roof made
to open and shut are advantageous.
Rooms can be made any size. A room
from 35 to 40 feet high and 300 yards
long by 15 yards broad is preferable, as
it can be filled rapidly and will hold
sufficient tobacco to cure well.

Curing and Drying: When the barn
is full (it should be filled as rapidly as
possible in order to prevent the tobacco
drying out in hanging) all the doors
are closed and also 1 he ventilators, if
any. It is left for two or three days.
The planter can tell whether the to-
bacco is drying up too rapidly or not
fast enough. If the tails of the leaves
curl up and break when handled, it
shows that the tobacco is going up too
fast; on the other hand if there is a
sour smell in the room and the plants
sweat, the tobacco requires air and
perhaps fires. In the first case the
doors and ventilators are still kept
closed and firas ax-e lighted in different
parts of the room, or if the house is
filleti with fluea (which are preferable
to open fires) hot air is carried tnrough
the room in the flues. The tempera-
ture will probably be raised to 80 de-
grees Fahrenheit, but this can only be
told by experience. The tobacco must

16

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

be carefully watchefi, anil if drying
too fast, the temperature ioweied and
water sprinkled on the Hoor. Raising
the temperature causes the tobacco to
sweat and the moisture thus created
in the house makes the color run in
the leaves. The leiives should turn
gradually yellow and then brown. It
dried too rapidly it retains its original
green color. If it is intended to cure
golden leaf the temperature is raised
to 140 degrees Fahrenheit or higher at
the stage in which the tobacco has
changed to a yellow, but this curing
cannot be attempted in a hot climate,
except by an expeiienced curer.
Golden leaf realizes double the price
that dark leaf does. The plants should
originally all be in the stages of ripe-
ness to ensure success in bright or
golden leaf curing. In the above, cur-
ing in a hot, dry climate like Gazipur
is referred to: in Tirhoot, in mild
wef.ther tobacco can be cured without
any fires.

This process will now be de.scribed.
If, as in the second case stated
above, after two or three days hang-
ing in the barn the tabacco feels
soft and there is a sour smell in the
room and the plants may or may n<it
sweat, then all tlie doors and ventila-
tors should be opened and kept so until
the sour smell is gone and the sweating
has stopped; if that is not effectual
then fires must be lighted. The curer
must now be guided by the weather
and must careiully watch the tobacco.
If the tips of the leaves begin to curl,
it is going too fa.st, and the doors must
be .shut during the day and opened
only at night to allow the cold air to
circulate through tlie room, the main
object being to make the tobacco dry
up gradually to yellow, and the greater
part of it will turn to reddish yellow
called medium bright. The tempera-
ture must be regulated by the doors
and ventilators. This air curing gives
a lighter brown than the firing process,
and can only be adopted in a climate
in which there is a certain amount of
moisture in the air. If the tobacco
sweats badly, doors and ventilators
must be opened and fires lighted and
the heat raised till it stops. Green to-
bacco is preferable to sweated. There
is another process followed in some
parts of America called sun-curing.
In this process a scaffolding is erected
under the shade of a tree after the
plants are hung np, the whole is
covered around and on the top with
straw. The straw ig opened out when
it is found necessary to quicken the
drying. This style of curing is hardly
adaptable to the plants of India.

Flues: Flues are iron pipes, fitted
up a little above the floor. The hot
smoke carried through them finds its
exit in a chimney at the end of the
room. The fires are lighted in fur-
naces outside the building or just in-
side with the furnace opening outside.
It has many advantages over the open
fires, as no smoke stagnates in the
room to taint the tobacco and the risk
of fire to the buildilig is reduced to a
minimum. The temperature can also
be regulated better. For a room 30

yards long by 15 yards broad you
would require three furnaces: these
furnaces are built of pukka masonry.
The pipes should be l.i inches in dr-
ameter. The pipes should be arranged
so as to spread the heat equally
through the room. Tobacco should
nor be hung dne( tly over the furnace
as the heat would dry it up too rapidly.
The higher the barn is the better it
is for curing prrrposes. The highest
tobacco in a room is usually the best
color, if you have a thick roof, other-
wise the centre is the best.

Bulking, Sorting, ami Banding-
The tobacco is generally cured, so far
as its color goes, in a fortnight or
three weeks. It is left to hang through
the hot weather in the barns, as the
beat makes it too dry to handle. Early
tobacco may be ready to bulk down in
the Christmas rains. No tobacco
should be bulked until the sap is en-
tirely dried out. This can be seen by
breaking the stem of the leaf. If
bulked with sap in it it will rot.

Directly the rains commence in June
and the tobacco has become soft and
pliable, it is bulked down in heaps in
the curing room in which it is hung.
The heaps are raised some eight inches
oft' the ground by a small scaffolding
made up of bamboos'and sticKS. so that
air can circulate underneath, and are
covered with straw or matting. The
tobacco should not be bulked down in
too moist a condition. The best order
for bulking is when the tobacco is just
soft enough to handle without break-
ing. If too soft it must be fired and
allowed to come in order again. When
all the tobacco is bulked down, the
bulks must be opened and the leaves
strip]ied from tne stem and tied in
"bands'" or "bundles" with about .50
leaves in each band. The band is tied
round with a leaf of tobacco tied round
the upper ends of the leaves and tucked
in at the centre of the bundle: these
bands are now carried to the head barn
or sorting room. They are re-bulked
here in the same way as before. 'When
all the tobacco is in the sorting room,
the bulks are again opened and the
bands being untied, the leaves must be
sorted. They should be sorted into 1,
long leaf dark. •?, short leaf dark: 3.
long leaf bright: 4. short leaf dark: .5,
lugs, that is, all torn or dirty and very
small leaves, red and bright, being
banded separately: and 6, green— six
varieties in all. The sorting is most
important and requires strict super-
vision. Care must be taken that the
coolies do not make unnecessary break-
age in handling the leaves. They
should be tied in bands of from 15 to
30 leaves. These bands are again
bulked and left in bulk till packed.
The bright is divided into four varie-
ties, should there be any golden leaf.
Golden leaf is pure yellow. In this
case you have 1, bright long leaf (that
is golden leaf;) 3, bright short leaf; 8.
medium bright long leaf: 4, medium
bright short leaf. Lugs are often
made into strips by taking out the
thickest portion of the stem midrib:
two-thirds is taken out one-third of
the way from the tail of the leaf. It

sometimes sells best in this form.

Packing: The tobacco is packed in
hogsheads made of thin staves. The
hogsheads are made four feet in height
and about three feet in diameter for
despatch to Europe, or else after the
native custom in bale.s. The tobacco
should be packed without breaking it.
It is generally necessary to hang it
again in a barn, the bands just slung
across the stick, and fire it till suffici-
ently dry. If too dry the doors may
be left open at night, when it will
probably be found in the right order
on the following morning. The bands
are packed with the butts outward and
the tails inwards. There are three
lines in each row. two with their butts
at the edge of the hogstiead and tails
meeting in the centre of the hogshead.
The next row is commenced from the
other side of the hogshead. When the
hogsliead is filled it is pressed down
with powerful screws and refilled till
it (.'an hold no more. It should contain
900 pounds of leaf as nearly as possitjle.

JENKINS & BARKER,

Snccessors to Col. Charles t. Bardett.

Patent and Trade Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United States and Foreign Pat-
ents, Desitrns and Trade Marks.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING,
so state Street, - Hartford, Connecticnt

HEJtDQUJtRTERS FOR

TOBiGGO mSDRHPE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

95 Pearl St., HERTFORD. CONIf.
14 Fort St., SPRINGFIELD. MJtSS.

BANK-BY-MAIL

Uncle Sam is a trusty messen-
ger.—He will deliver your deposit
safely and promptly to the strong
vaults of this Bank.

The convenience of banking by
mail is appreciated by many
people in the towns adjacent to
Hartford.

AmerpR National Bank. ^1

rj

'^Ae New England

Tobacco Grower

VOL. VI. No. 3.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, NOVEMBER, J904.

$1.00 A YEAR

Sale of 1904 Crop Continues Brisk

Suffield

Several tobacco buyers have been in
SufBeld duiing late October, and a
number of sales have been made. As
nearly as can be figured about 3800
acres of the leaf were raised in Suffield
this year, and it is estimated that at
least one-half ot it has been bargained
for at prices ranging from 18 to S.^j
cents in the bundle. The weather
still continues to favor the farmers,
who. during the recent "damps'' have
taken many acres from the poles pre-
paratory to stripping.

Several of the farmers have already
begun the task of stripping and if the
warm, damp weather continues for a
short time so that the balance of the
tobacco now hanging can be taken
down, the majority of the crop will
be ready for early delivery.

The growers are well pleased with
the tobacco already stripped, as it is
one of the soundest crops laised in
years. Many of the farmers have very
light tobacco, and those who have sold
light crops have obtained a fancy price
for them.

The year 1904 will be long remem-
bered in the history of tobacco raising,
as from the beginning of the season all
through the year and up to the pre.sent
time, the conditions have been .just
what were requ'red for the growing of
a sound, healthy and light-colored crop

The crop is an exceedingly heavy
one on account of the immense growth,
and will pi'obably weigh from 1800 to
3000 pounds to the acre. With a ban-
ner crop, high price, unnsnally heavy
weight and the prospect of an early de-
livery, which adds several pounds to
the weight of a crop, the growei-s are
in high spirits.

Among the recent sales are: Charles
H. Wells and John Welch to J. Litch-
enstein & Co. of New York; Albert

R. Ford to L. P. Bissell Bros.& Co. of
Suffield; David McComb to Baucsh-
mann of Westtield; George A. Peckham
to Henry G. Taylor & Co. of Westfield;
Luman Lillie to Kutinsky, Ader & Co.
of New York; Samuel Barr to I.
Kaffenburgh & Sons of Boston and
James Rose & Sons to Keiser & Boa.s
of Buffalo.

East Windsor Hill

There are but eight crops of tobacco
which the writer can recall unsold in
the western part of the town.

The latest sales are the crops of O.
N. Oilman at 40c, N. Jones at 38c, P.
Ahern at 37c. The buyers are: Bijur
of New York and Bushman of West-
field.

About a quarter of the cri.p has been
taken down and appears of light, even
color. The earlier cut is free from
sweat.

W. G. Newberry has his crop of
eighteen acres in the bundle ready for
assorting. J. L. Newton has stripped
twelve acres.

The last storm was a warm one and
many growers refrained from taking
much tobacco down, fearing it would
heat in the pile before it could be
stripped.

No warehouses in this locality have
yet opened.

E. D Farnham and H. S. Powers
have built additions to their ware-
houses.

A considerable acreage is being ma-
nured and plowed this fall. A few are
plowing in stems. Some have sown
on rye to prevent blowing during the
winter.

But one crop of Havana seed was

grown in the Main street this season,

that of W. R. Wojd. Nearly every

grower has taken down part of his crop

RoswKLL Grant.

Portland

According to good judges, the Con-
necticr.t crop of 1904 is one of the best
ever raised in the state: in fact, the
packers hardly know what to find fault
with. So far thy have done no growl-
ing. The crop in this town has been
more than half bought up, but there
are some fine crops left yet. A. N.
Shepard has secured his snare of that
already bought, while J. Liehtenstein,
of New Y'^ork, as been lively in the
buying.

The leaf is new all cured down in
the sheds, and is of a very handsome
light color.

F. Goodrich has started stripping.
Prices of that bought averaged about
17 cents in the bundle.

Observer.

Morth Jtmherst

The broad'eaf in North Amherst
and vicinity went with a rush at about
1.5 cents in bundle. The crop will run
over a ton to the acre.

Stripping is well along now with the
last damp and the tobacco is curing
down a fine color, burn and quality.

Four buyers came to North Amherst
in a week's time for the two crops of
broadleaf.

The Havana is curing nicely. Two
or three crops are sold at about 14
cents.

I have in my bioadleaf, leaves that
will measure l(i to 18 inches wide and
3H long cured. It is as light color,
thin and silky as one could ask for.
(iireen they would measure 38 inches
long and 18 or 30 wide. Truly it has
been a splendid season for the tobacco
crop. H. R. LoOMis.

Windsorville

M. C. Miller was in the village last
week buying cased tobacco.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

FrericH Tobacco Regie

Interesting Statistics from
Government

the FrencH

HE Department of Oomiuerce
and Labor at Washington has
received from the statistical
department of the French gov-
ernment an interesting statement of
the operations of the tobacco regie dur-
ing the year 1903. The figures show
a steady increase in tlie profits of this
monopoly, as is evidenced by the fact
that while there was a slight falling
off in the aggregate quantity of tobacco
products sold, there was an increase in
the gross receiiits of more than thirteen
and a half million francs.

The system of the French regie in-
volves the sale of tobacco through
several channels. The principal outlet
is through a .series of licensed shops,
which in 1903 numbered 46,499; but
considerable quantities are also sold
direct to consumers from general
depots, numbering 302, which are con-
ducted under direct governmental
supervision. In addition the monopoly
disposes of considerable quantities of
tobacco products in French dependen-
cies, including Tunis, Monaco, etc.,
and a relatively small amount is sold
for export.

The sales to consumers direct from
depots in 1903 amounted to 187,198
kilograms (kilogram equals 2.'2
poirnds), valued at «,:i80,707 francs
(franc equals 19.3 cents). The great
bulk of tobacco products, however, is
disposed of through the licensed shops,
which in 1903 purchased from the
government and sold to consumers 37,-
7:i9,271 kilograms, valued at 434, 302,-
781 francs. These goods were care-
fully graded into three classes— first,
fine goods (deluxe); second, medium
goods (de vente courante), and goods
sold under restrictions (de vente res-
treinte). The last named class in-
cludes tobacco sold within the terri-
torial zone in which it is produced,
and also tobacco furnished to the army
and hospital service. The details of
this branch of the monopoly, which
constitutes more than 98 per cent, of
the total operations, are set forth in
the following table, to which is ap-
pended the aggregate sales of the
monopoly :

Fine goods yuaiility. Valiu'

(De Luxe). Kilos. Francs

Ciears, imiioned l'>,027 l,451,li8.-;

Cig-ars, domestic 14,629 .S30,S0o

Cifjarettes, 'inp. and dom... 102,648 4.317.S.S5

Smoking tobacco, imported 3,130 '^2'"'^"

Smoking tobacco, domestic 590 17.S73

For army and hospital .... 2,098.408 2,782,939

Total 8,672,686 27,703.358

Total licensed sales 37,729,271 424,365,781

Other sales 537,833 9,747,396

Total sales of monopoly . . 38,267,104 434,113,177

The lecent tendency of the monopoly,
as disclosed by the returns for 1903
compared with those for 1903, has
been towards higher prices, as will be
seen from the fact that while the
product in 1903 declined 357.607 kilo-
grams in quantity, it increased 13,-
.')80, 140 francs in value. This increase
was most notable in cigarettes, the
value of which rose 10 per cent. The
increased receipts came almost entirely
from medium goods sold through
licensed shops, the value of which rose
13,839.641 francs. The sales of the
monopoly for exports, while relatively
small, constitute the largest single
item except the sales through licensed
shops. In 1903 exports amounted to
2,54,579 kilograms, valued at 1,914,790
francs, a decline as compared with the
year before of 19,543 kilograms and of
99,036 francs.

An interesting feature of this exhibit
is a table showing the per capita con-
sumption of tobacco furnished by the
monopoly during the past six years.
This table is as follows:

1898 0.988 10.25

1899 1.004 10.73

Total

Medium goods;

Cigars 2,499,045

Cigarettes 1,968,676

Smoking tobacco 18,871,601

Rolls and cr\rotti-s 1,1,^8,317

Snuff 4,4.38,732

To'tal

Sold under restrictions:
Local product

140,,I24 6,305.576

1900 1.005 10.77

1901 : 0.990 10.71

1903 0.993 10.75

1903 0.980 11.14

From this table it appears that the
consumption in 1903 was the smallest
during the six years mentioned,
amounting to only .98 kilograms, or a
little over one pound, per capita. The
value, however, has risen almost
steadily from 10.52 francs in 1898 to
U.14 in 1903, and it is probable that
among the thrifty French the influence
of higher prices has operated to reduce
consumption, while it has not curtailed
the profits of the monopoly.

lOStal

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Tobacco Grower

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, NOVEMBER, 1904

In tHe Curing-sHed

Certain PHases of Ventilation and SKed Drying
Discussed by Gro-wers

HOW best to arviiDge the ciiriuK-
slied, ;iu(l bow to manage the
ventibition, made the subject
ot an interesting discussion at
the ."Springfield meeting of Tlie New
ll-ngland Tobacco Growers' Associa-
tion. In this discussion there took
part Thaddeus Graves of Hatfield, H.
H. Austin and W. S. Pinney of Nuf-
field, Colonel E. N. Phelps of Windsor
and other growers.

One feature of the argument was the
consideration of the proposition
whether the circulation of damp air
through a shed was beneficial, or at
least whether it was worth the trouble
of providing means for obtaining such
circulation artificially. It was general-
ly conceded that the dangerous time in
curing tobacco was on the still, damji
day, with some warmth in the atmos
phere; an3 Colonel Phelps contended
that the moving and changing of the
air on such occasions was what tended
to prevent pole sweat, even if the
damp, foul air in the shed were only
replaced with damp, clean air from
out-of-doors. He thought this circula-
tion of air, damp though the incoming
air might be, was the thing required,
independent of any means for drying
or heating the air.

Mr. Pinney described the apparatus
in a shed on his farm at Suffield, where
seven centrifugal fans, driven by
power, drew in fresh air on one side of
the shed and poured it out at the other,
at a different elevation. This method
had proved advantageous, and Mr.
Pinnev had already taken steps toward
getting the ventilating plant in order
for the present season's curing.

Mr. Austin referred to the results
achieved by the Hilhiian tobacco curer,
and also described the experrment
carried on years ago in the small barn
at his place, curing tobacco rapidly
with flues after the fashion of tobacco
grown in some parts ot the South.

Several growers discussed the use of
fires ill the shed, and the view of the
great majority of those present was
shown to be that it was best to use tires
on the ground or some other means of
drying the air in the sheds when the
tobacco and the weather had jointly
arrived at a critical period for pole
sweat. It was the universal expression
of all who had tried fires that the re-
sults of such drying of the air were

beneficial, and that the smoke did nut
affect the tobacco in any way, not be-
ing noticeable after the crop reached
the warehouse. It was recommended
that sheet iron or tin drums or pans be
suspended over the fires in order to
spread the lieat and also to protect the
tobacco in the lower tiers directly
above the fires on the ground.

Then there was brought forward the
familiar case of the old tobacco shed,
its sides full of cracks and broken
doors, wherein the tobacco cured best
of all, even better than in the new and
expensive sheds, built on the latest
plans. This was cited as an experience
by several growers, who used it as an
example of "natural" methods, as in
contrast with too much meddling and
rnterference with the curing.

The plan of A. Fuller, of Mapleton,
who has a tobacco shed equipped with
electric fans for the distribution of
dried air, was described, with the com-
ment that such an eciuipment and use
of electric current was probably too
expensive for the average grower, as
well as being beyond the reach of many
whose buildings were distant from
electric power lines.

Reference was also made to the
necessity^! for the tobacco to be well
ripened before cutting, in order to cure
properly, j^as*^a good fermerrtation in
the shed could not be obtained with
tobacco that was cut too green, rro
matter how favorable the curing season
might be.

Windsor Locks

The farmers who this year have
raised the Havana seed leaf tobacco
are experiencing considerable difficulty
ip disposing of their crops. The buy-
ers are showing a decided preference
to buy the Connecticut seed leaf
variety, and for this they continue to
offer prices ranging from 30 to 3i) cerrts
per pound. The great majority of
growers in this vicinity very fortu-
nately raised the Connecticut seed leaf
variety last summer, and tbey are ex-
periencing not the slightest difficulty
in disposing of their leaves. The
buyers evidently hope to force the
farmers who raised the Havana seed
leaf to sell their crops at a figure lower
than that which ia daily being paid for
the Conirecticnt seed leaf.

The buyers maintain that the leaves

on the Havana seed plants are not as
thin as those of the other variety, and
it is more than probable tha* the
farmers whose barns are hanging with
the Havana seed leaf plants will be
compelled to sell at a price consider-
ably lower than had been anticipated.
But even a low price this year, com-
paratively speaking, means a good
profit to the grower.

The probabilities are that next year
very little Havana seed tobacco will be
grown irr this section, as the buyers
claim that the other variety furnishes
more and better wrappers to the pound.
The fall days are proving as ideal for
the curing process as the summer
weeks did for the growing, and many
farmers are taking down their
plants from the frames in the barns
and preparing them for their forced
sweat.

Poquonock

There is an impression among many
of the best tooacco growers of this
district that some of the crops ali-eady
sold have been disposed of at too low a
figure. Many of the best growers are
unwilling to part with their goods at
present, and although offered what
might be called favorable prices they
claim that the ijuality of the present
crop and the scarcity of good leaf
warrant a considerable advance on
current prices.

Miamisburg, Ohio

Local tobacco farmers have suc-
ceeded in harvesting free from frost
one of the best crops ever grown here.
The season was ijropitious from start
to finish, everything seeming to con-
spire toward the production of a per-
fect crop. In the beginning the ground
broke up just right and was ea.sy to
cultivate; at the proper time an abun-
dance of healthy plants were trans-
planted, and from the first began to
thrive; no trouble from cut\^ormswas
experic need, and a full stand in the
field was maintained without replant-
ing. The writer has not seen a to-
bacco moth this year, and the crop is
free from worm-holes and flea-holes.

While the crop was growing a suffi-
cient amount of rain fell to produce a
fair-sized leaf, without a superabun-
dance to cause french or rust; and
latterly, while the crop was maturing,
the weather was sufficiently dry to
produce a thick, gummy leaf, but not
hot enough to fire or sunburn the
lower leaves. Taken all in all, the
crop is about as near perfection as one
could expect to see.

Jiddison

Frank Howe has sold his tobacco to
Graham, for 30 and 5.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

President A. Bijur

National Cigar Leaf Tobacco Association Repre-
''^* sentfd at Import Stamp Hearing

# |T THE hearing given by the

I^^J Tieasury Department in
jlfiMX^ Washington on the new im-

I^^J ^^^.^ stamp question, A. Bijur.
president of the National Cigar Leaf
Tobacco Association said;

■'Mr. Secretary, I am speaking for
the National Cigar Leaf Tobacco Asso-
ciation, the Betail Dealers' Association
of America, the Leaf Tobacco Board
Qf Trade of the city of New York, and
the Retail Cigar and Tobacco Dealers'
Association of the city of New York.

"The new stamp will amply secure
the consumer desiring to smoke impor-
ted cigars, and at the* same time, by
its comparative inconspieuousness, no
longer place the domestic clear Havana
cigar at a decided disadvantage. The
piominent import stamp, of which we
complained tor some years, was origin-
ally attached to the boxes of imported
cigars at a time when there were prac-
tically no clear Havana cigars (by
which term we in the trade designate
ci<^ars in every detail of tobacco and
workmanship like the cigars produced
in the citv of Havana) made m this
country Thus the import stamp came
to mean that the cigars distinguished
by it were made of all-Havana tobacco,
and conversely that cigars not so dis-
tinguished were not made of all-Hav-
ana tobacco. This impression still ex-
ists to the detriment of an American
industry- It is an absolutely false
impression today, because, stimulated
by the high duty imposed on imported
cigars by the McKinley bill, manufact-
urers here turned to making clear Hav-
ana cigars, and now turn out annually
some 400,000,000 cigars of this kind,
as against Havana's production of
300 000,000 annually. But the import
stamp is still an insuperable obstacle to
the manufacture here of the finest
sizes, and for this reason its removal
is still so strongly urged by our manu-
facturers.

"If there ai)pears to you any iloubt
as to our claims regarding the right of
clear Havana cigars made in this coun-
try to be considered as identical in
their method of manufacture and in the
material of which they are composed
with the product of the Havana fac-
tories, we suggest that the question be
put to the Havana Tobacco Company
itself, whether the cigars that they
manufacture in their factories in
Tampa differ in any regard from the
cigar that they manufacture in Cuba.

"We believe that the substitution of
an inconspicuous stamp while fully pro
tecting the consumer, will do away
absolutely with 'box-stuffing', of
which the Treasury Department com-

plains so much. As the stamp is at
present, boxes with it on have a recog-
nized value when empty, as they can
be refilled by unscrupulous dealers and
the cigars then be palmed off as impor-
ted We again refer to the booklet
circulated by the Havana Tobacco Com-
panytor confirmation of the statement
we make.

"It should be remembered that we
do not object to the fact that the public
is enabled to assure itself that it gets
an imported cigar when it wants one,
but we do object because the import
stamp has come to mean that oniy the
cigar distinguished by it is made of
all-Havana tobacco. It is here where
it works its harm to the manufacturer
of all-Havana cigars in this country.

"Unless all our claiinsf or the mis-
chief worked to domestic cigars are con-
ceded, we cannot in any way under-
stand the tremendous opposition that
bis developed to the removal of the
import stamp. We are driven to think
that it may be the purpose of those in-
terested in its retention to introduce
by its aid either inferioi cigars from
Cuba, or perhaps when a complaisant
Congress shall have removed most of
the duty on Philippine cigars, to hope
to introduce them to out smoking pub-
lic without the tremendous outlay for
advertising that would otherwise be
necessary.

"We also desire to protest respectful-
ly at the action of the department in
granting a further hearing on a subject
that has been under discussion for
years, and on a particular plan that
has been considered by the Treasury
Department since February last.
There are now no new developments in
this matter, and there can be no legiti-
mate argument other than those that
have influenced the Treasury Depart-
ment already to issue the order for a
Irss conspicuous certificate of importa-
tion."

Disfigurement of Farm Buildings

A strong feeling was apparent at a
meeting of the Massachusetts lioard of
agriculture at Athol that New England
farmers should not allow their farm
buildings to be disfigured by advertis-
ing signs. Farmers who allow adver-
tis'ements to be displayed on their
property, even tor a consideration,
were rather heavily scored by several
speakers.

The point was brought up by Dr.
Twitchell of Maine. A plea was made
that the suiroundings of all farm
homes should be made as attractive
as po.ssible. While it is desirable to
see the farmhouse, barns and garden
fences nicely painted, and the name of
the farm displayed prominently, the
name shown should not be that of a
patent medicine or special brand of
whiskey. Such carelessness of appear-
ances on the part of the farmer tends
to bring farming conditions into dis-
repute. This sentiment was heartily
applauded.

HAND
STEAM
OR
POWER

APPARATUS Of all kinds,

iof large or small capacity,
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Setid for special Catalogue.

PUMPS

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Use.

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In writing tor Cat.'ilogue please specify wlrich
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^Ve m.ake a speci.-ilty of Water Supply Out-
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CHARLES J. JAGER COMPANY,

174 HICH ST.. BOSTON, MASS.

Outlying Lands

Colonial tobacco commerce in July
with our non-contiguous teiiitories
displayed a handsome increase o»er
the same month last year. Alaska
took $41,153 in tobacco and its manu-
factures, as against $27,491. It re-
turned to us $1,814, as against .$a,la(i.
Hawaii bought $S0,042, as against
|33 600. Porto Rico purchased $10,541,
a= against $(i,417, and sold us $120,3.-).-,
as against $133,233. The Philippint-s
took nothing in .luly of either year,
and sent us $37, as against $2,573.
The official returns are eloquent in
showing the rapid growth of Alaska
in population and wealth, and of the
steady commercial development of
Hawaii and Porto Rico. —New York
Tobacco Leaf.

SlflBLE IPRE

IN CAK OK
CARGO LOTJ

Prompt Delivery

Lowest Prices

/i. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

HARTFORD
CONNECTICUT

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Indian Head Plantations

IMCORPORJtTED

Growers and PacKers
of Leaf Tobacco

I

SUMATRA (Grown under Cloth)— CUBAN

CONNECTICUT HAVANA— (Sun-grown) — CONNECTICUT BROADLEAF

Assorting and Packing for the Trade

Plantation Houses and Office at

Granby Station

N. Y., N. H. *. H. R. R.
Express, Telegraph and Freight

Jtddress: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 32-14

Heavy Tobacco Buying

Leonard L. Grotta & Co., of Ware-
house Point have purchased in South
Windsor and vicinity upwards of 600
acres of Connecticut seed leaf tobacco
and expect to buy one or two hundred
cases more. Contrary to previous
years this tobacco is purchased assorted
and will be delivered at company's
warehouse south of Warehouse Point
as soon as the assorting can be done.

In consecjuence of the assorting be-
fore delivery the film's tobacco ware-
house, which has heretofore given em-
ployment to (iO or 75 men through the
winter, will employ but three or four
hands.

Grotta & Co. have paid as high as 37
cents for one crop bought last week,
and another firm, I. Bijur of New
York, paid 38 cents for another single
lot.

The American Tobacco company has
also been making heavy purchases of
Connecticut seed tobacco in this same
vicinity and as far south as Glaston-
bury. Up to date their purchases ex-
ceed .'),000 cases.

Broad Brook

ToVacco buyers have been in town
looking over the crop. One of the
handsomest crops in town is that
raised by Lutber A. Kent. Mr. Kent
has 32 acres of the leaf, and although
the growth is large the quality of the
leaf is not impaired.

TARIFFVIIvLE

Connecticut

East Hartford

William L. Huntting has bought J.
E. Lathrop's crop at South Windsor.
The crop consisted of thirty-two acres,
wnich is one of the largest raised
by an individual hereabouts.

The acreage grown in Kast Hartford
was about 1,200 acres, a little more
than last year. In the three towns,
East Hartford, South Windsor and
Glastonbury, it is estimated that about
18,000 acres are raised.

William K. Ackley and Carney
Brothers have sold their crops. The
price of the former is unknown and of
the latter the reported price was 30
cents assorted. At present there is a
big demand for the tobacco, many new
dealers that have not visited this sec-
tion for some time are in the field look-
ing over the crops. The price is very
encouraging to growers that have not
sold and satisfactory to growers that
have disposed of their crops.

R(!cent tobacco sales: Oscar Stough-
tou of South Windsor, W. Grotta of
Warehouse Point, 34 cents through;
Edward Ourtin, 35 cents through; W.
G. Newberry, understood to be 35
cents through ; John Hartnett refused
341.J cents through. Offers of from 82
to 34 cents are being made, which
some refuse. It is also understood
that some are holding at prices above
35 cents, but 32, 33 and 34 cents seems
to be the ruling price at this time.
The lots referred to are all in South
Windsor.

Philippine Tax

An internal revenue law has been
enacted in the Philippines, imposing a
tax on tobacco, cigarettes, alcohol and
beer, also one requiring an occupation
license.

It is estimated that a revenue of
15,000,000 will be forthcoming, which
will suffice to support the govei'nment.
This action is taken with a view to
ultimate free trade with the United
States.

Ote-fourth of the revenue is to re-
vert to the provinces and municipali-
ties. The balance will go to the in-
sular government. The tax on liquors
and tobacco is lower than it is on sim-
ilar articles in the United States.

ATTENTION!
Tobacco Raisers

Do you want Strictly Rope Paper
for Tobacco Wrappers? / /lave it
Do you want Manilla Paper? /
have it. Do you want Twine? /
have the Best and all at Lowest
Prices

=P. GARVAN=

2 05-207 State St. Hartford

Telephone I07I

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Will Japan Buy Direct?

If so. There Will be More Competition on BrigHt

MarKets

JT IS rumored that the
Government of Japan will,
M ^ ^" ^^'^ future, bay its supply
s81 f^\ „(■ raw material on the ware-
house floors. If this be true there will
be more active competition on all bright
markets. At any rate, whether this
plan will be carried out or not. bright
tobacco will sell for good prices in the
future. We do not believe the Ameri-
ci n Tobacco Company wants tobacco
at low figures. Manufacturers all pre-
fer to buy tobacco when it is selling
high, and this fact applies to all alike,
the big corporation as well as the inde-
pendents. Low piices last year were
caused by the heavy crop the preced-
ing year, in the face of anothei' big
crop last year. We all know the con-
ditions that carried such a decrease m
acreage this year. We all know that
this crop is not a full one, and we will
all see the lesult. The News and
Observer, Raleigh, N. 0., recently had
the following on the Japan situation :

"The report is that the American
Tobacco Company has lost its foothold
in Japan, because of conditions now
existing there, and that the Japanese
government is going to do the tobacco
business for itself. The report is that
the American Tobacco Company repre-
sentative in Japan has been recalled to
America, and will be sent to Canada to
do business there for the trust.

"Another item which shows that the
American Tobacco Company is seeking
for new fields is contained in telegrams
sent out from Lisbon, one of these be-
ing as follows:

" 'Though the government will not
disclose the names, it has been learned
that a big American tobacco company
has made an offer for the control of
the Purtuguese tobacco monopoly,
which is far beyond the terms which
the present Portugue.se company is
willing to pay. If the Portnguese do
not advance their figures the Ameri-
cans will secure control.' The suppo-
sition is that the American Tobacco
Company is the bidder.

"Shut out of its Japanese market
and that source of profit cut off, with
perhaps an additional force of buyers
to compete with, a smaller crop of to-
bacco on hand than for many years,
and with the knowledge that the
farmers will still furthei cut the crop
next year if fair prices are not paid
this year, it is seen at once that fear
■will be the motive that will make this
Giant Trust pay better figures than
last year, and that there is no philan-
thropy behind it.

"The facts as known in this country
about the situation in Japan comes
from a reliable source, and in an inter-
view with a gentleman who has a
thorough knowledge of the tobacco
situation he said:

" -I am reliably informed that th
Japanese government has taken over to
themselves all the manufacturing to-
bacco business of Japan and will here-
after buy their leaf tobacco on the
markets of North Carolina independent
of the American Tobacco Company.

■• -As the American Tobacco Com-
pany for the past two or three years has
virtually been controlling all the tobac-
co business in Japan and buying the leaf
tobacco through their regular buyers,
this step will give the farmers consid-
erable competition on the warehouse
floors for their tobacco, a coiiipetitinn
that they have not enjoyed for the last
year or two. It is reported that the
Japanese government has aleady given
out orders to the independent buyers
for twenty million pounds of bright
tobacco suitable for making cigarettes.
and as the trade is increasing on North
Carolina blights in Japan it is thought
that in a very short time the Japanese
government will need somewhere be-
tween forty and seventy-five million
pounds of Noith Carolina brights.

" 'The prospects are brightening for
the tobacco farmer. While prices are
very satisfactory at present on all the
markets, averaging from three to four
cents per pound more than at the same
time last season, still if cotton con-
tinues to advance or even averages the
farmer 10 cents at the present prices
of tobacco there will be another cut in
the crop of tobacco next season in all
the cotton belts of Eastern Noith
Carolina and South Carolina. The
present crop of tobacco is not now esti-
mated as high in pounds as it was the
first day of August. Scarcely a man
whom I met is estimating the crop
over 40 per cent, of what it was last
year, and some put it down as low as
25 per cent, of a crop.

" 'And now with another cut next
season Eastern North Carolina will
cut a very small figure in the tobacco
business.' As the old belt cannot possi-
bly raise enough tobacco to supply the
present demand, it looks to me like a
self-evident fact that the manufactur-
ers, now composed of the Imperial To-
bacco Company, the American Tobacco
Company, the Japanese government
and the independent manufacturers of
the United States are compelled to pay
much highei prices for tobacco to get
enough of it raised in the cotton belt
to supply their wants, as they cannot
manufacture a pound of tobacco with-
out the raw material, and we all know-
that they are not going to close their
factories.' ''

Kentucky Growers
Between 5,000 and 6,000 tobacco
growers from Kentucky and Tennessee
met here and organized the Dark Dis
trict Tobacco Growers' Association.
The object of the association is to

assist each member in grading and
selling his crop of dark tobacco. The
executive committee, consisting of
one member from each district of each
county in the organization are to mar-
ket the crops.

Resolutions were unanimously
adopted calling upon the federal
judges in every district in Kentucky
and Tennessee to charge their respec-
tive grand juries to investigate the
existence of tobacco trusts in violation
of the anti-trust law of 1S90.

The following officers were elected:
Charles H. Fort, president; F. G. Sw-
ing, chairman of the executive com-
mittee: Charles E. Barker, vice-presi-
dent; Frank Waltiui. secretary-treas-
urer.

Speeches were made at the meeting
by Joel B. Port, of Robertson County.
Tenn.; Congressman Ollie James, of
the First Kentucky Di.strict: Congress-
man A. O. Stanley, of the Second
Kentucky District; former Governor
Benton McMillan of Tennessee, and
J. D. Clardy, formerly Congressman
of the Second District of Kentucky.

It was agreed that the organization
would not be operative unless seventy
per cent, of the dark crop was con-
trolled by the association.

Janesville, Wisconsin
With very little damage discovered
in the 1903 packing, and with the
price of the leaf just sent to the shed
at !? to lie, buyers are showing no
hesitancy -in making deals in either.
The fears felt for the 1903 crop have
proven unfounded, for the greater
portion is showing up in fine condition.
The outlook for the 1904 leaf is very
promising, and barring any bad
weather in the next three weeks, it
will outshine its predecessar in every
point.

Shade-Grown Sumatra
and Shade-Grown
Cuban Wrappers

FOR. .SAtE IN QUANTITIEJ

\s de:jir.ed

Write for Samples and Prices

FOSTER

Drawer 42. Hartford, Conn.

STUDIO

1030 MAIN ST.. HAR-TFOR-D

Leadingi Artist in PKotoe'raP»*y
and General Portraiture.

onr plioU>i,'raplis are iiol ■■shade" t'rown lull
are made willi the clearness and e.sact likeness
thai win for us permanent customers. « e are
after your idiotogrraphic trade. Studio. I039
Main St., Opposite Morgan St.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

E-ssex vSpecial Tobacco

Manure
and

Tobacco
Starter

Pf -^^y, LTHOUGH the prices of chemicals have ad-
/Vll vanced very much during the past season, we
guarantee to keep the analyses of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand-
ard of preceding years. <LThe Growers that use our to-
bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight anfl a large percentage
of light goods in all seasons. CBuy our Tobacco
Starter for your seed-beds, your plants will be from ten
days to two weeks earlier than those grown on any other
formula. CSend for our Catalogue.

RU55IA CEME:NT CO.,

MANUFACTURERS £/ jS? j» £f JSf £^

GLOUCESTER, ^'MASS.

E. B. KIBBE, Geiieral Agent. Box 752, Hartford, Conn.

The Weight of the Crop

There has beeu a discussion among
those interested in the raising of to-
bacco as to the average weight of this
year's crop. W. F. Andross of East
Hartford has made an experimental
test on the result of which he writes
as follows: "During the damp, foggy
morning of September 27, the writer
made an experimental test of the
weight of tobacco, taking a thoroughly
cured average lath, holding six plants.
The leaves were stripped therefrom,
and weighed to tlie exact fraction of
an ounce. This result multiplied by
the number of laths required for an
acre gives the total result of almost
exactly 1,800 pounds to the acre. No
doubt some acres will exceed these
figures and some fall a little less, but
the average of the broadleaf in East
Haitford and South Windsor will not
come far from this estimate, made
some time earlier in the season."

"This test would be called in the
bundle. Of course the assorted weights
next March would fall short from 5 to
8 per cent. ' '

New Colonization Scheme

Development is in sight for South
Carolina agriculture through coloniza
tion by Scandinavian settlers. About
10,000 acres of land in Lexington
county have been sold for this purpose,
and South Carolina's commissioner of
commerce and immigration intimates

that 50,000 additional acres may be
taken for the same purpose.

The substantial tract first named is
to be divided into portions of 330 acres
each, with a roadway running along-
side the several sections. Each section
is to be divided into eight triangular
parts of about 40 acre.s each. It is so
planned that there will be eight
divisions, in the shape of rightangle
triangles, and at the point of inter-
section in the center of the tract the
homes shall be built. Thus the
colonists on each of the 320-acre
portions will be near neighbors, form-
ing a little community of eight
families.

It is expected that immigrants,
principally Scandinavians of the better
class, will rapidly build up the farms.
Many of these speak English and want
to move to South Carolina from the
cold northwest. They will buy their
homesteads on easy terms, and probably
begin to improve their property at
once.

Netv Insurance Schedule
At a recent meeting of the New
England Insurance exchange the new
schedule en tobacco barns, sheds and
contents was approved. Heretofore
there has only been an unofiScial rate
of 11.25. The tariff committee recom-
mended and the exchange approved a
special rate of $1.80 with the three-
fourths value clause, but if the ex-
change policy form is used contents
may be written at |1.20.

New York Market

While numerous complaints have
been heard during the past few weeks,
the past month closed with a very
good volume of business to its credit,
and in reviewing this month operators
as a whole are well satisfied. October
opens with a good feeling prevalent,
but there is a decided tendency to
balk at the prices asked for .serviceable
goods. Sampling of the new Wiscon-
sin is progressing steadily. Several
hundred cases of the 1902 crop were
disposed of recently, selections of
which brought as high as 16 cents.
The new goods will probably find a
receptive market.

Sumatra.— October opened rather
quietly in this market, but it was pre-
ceded by a good month's business, and
an early improvement is looked for.

Havana. — A moderate revival was
noted during the past week. Inquiry
was strengthened considerably, and
sales of Vueltas, old and new, aggre-
gating over 1,000 bales, are reported.
The bulk of these transactions were,
of course, in old goods, well-cured lots
of 1904 tobacco being decidedly scarce
as yet — New York Tobacco Leaf.
Edgerton, Wisconsin
Local markets are experiencing more
inquiry after cured leaf than for some
time past and indicatiuns point to
quite a revival of business. Out of
town buyers are coming into the mar-
ket and some fair sized transactions
are reported.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^he New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

S3 Trumbull street,

Hartford Fire Insurance Building

Hartford, Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.

Ten Cents a Copy,

Official Journal of The New England
Tobacco Growers' Association.

PAUL ACKER-LY, Editor.

Volume VI.

Number 3.

Entered al the Hartford Post-Office as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, NOVEMBER, J904.

NEW ESGLJtNT) LEJiF

'W^HE splendid crop of tobacco that
■*■ has been raised this year in New
England is not by any means to be
credited to the favorable weather alone.
Methods of fertilizing, planting, culti-
vating, harvesting and curing have all
been improved from year to year, and
the progressiveness of the growers is
indicated in the crops.

In advanced methods, effectiveness
and economy of agricultural operation,
attention to crop details, intelligence
of labor, completeness of equipment
and close observation in the field and
shed the growers of New England lead
the world. New England ways are
being followed everywhere in leaf to-
bacco culture wherever an interest is
taken in improved fertilizers or im-
jiroved machinery. And the reports of
the Connecticut State Experiment
Station on tobacco fertilizeis are an
authority throughout the world.

SELLING

CONTINUED sales at high pi ices
^"^ show the esteem in which the
1904 crop is held by the leaf trade,
and are alike satisfying to the profes-
sional pride of the grower, and grati-
fying to his -bank account. Every crop
represents a year of work and care,
as well as expenditure and on the
selling of the crop depends the extent
of gain that rewards the grower for his
year's labor; it is in few trades that
the gross income arrives in one check
once a year.
Since there are few manufactureri

who care to buy ciops outrijiht and
arrange for using the different grades
of leaf there is necessarily a distinct
trade of dealiug in tobacco and it is
with these dealers as with the farmer:
The dealer looks largely foi his pio-
tit in the smallness of the price he has
to pay for the crop; just as the farmer
has exercised his own judgment in re-
ducing the cost of fertilizing, cultiva-
tion and general labor, so that he
might take the crop from the ground at
the least outlay.

Consideration must therefore be
shown the buyer, and it is doubtless
true that there is a great deal of hard
feeling in the course of crop transac-
tions that is really without much
cause. Yet, the dealer is not com-
pelled to buy any particular crop, and
when he does buy it is evidence that
the figure agreed upon is one that he
feels warranted in paying and upon
which he believes he can make a profit

When the leaf tobacco dealer] does
lose money, in almost every case it is
through bad credits in the^ cigar-
making industry and seldom because
he paid too much to the grower for the
goods in question.

BROJlDLEJtF

'W^HE broadleaf situation is still a
most interesting feature of the
New England tobacco growing indus-
try, and is likely to continue to be for
some time to come.

The prices obtained for this variety
of tobacco fully justify and reward the
growers particularly east of tlie Con-
necticut Biver who hold to this good,
old-fashioned Connecticut Valley type
of leaf as tne most profitable crop to
grow in the favored sections. Heavy
yields, fine colors, good curing and
quick sales, are the welcome phrases
heard in connection with the crop.

A good crop deserves good handling;
pay attention to the taking down and
bundling. This is an operation where
the good sense and judgment of the
grower is plainly shown.

The shed can as well be cleaned out
as soon as the crop is bundled, as to be
allowed to remain adorned with rub-
bish until the building is required for
another crop. Some growers think
that an accumulation of trash and de-
caying vegetable matter invite pole
sweat. Don't issue any unneces.sary
invitations of that kind.

States. Anything called tobacco may
be worked into a cigar in France and
other European countries, and if it is
only cheap enough it sells readily.
For the American trade this will not
answer, and specially-grown leaf for
each particular cigar used must be pro-
vided. To do this calls for skilled
agriculture in a form of foliage culture
about which science knows little.

Intelligent workmen count for a
good deal in tobacco culture; and the
grower who packs his own crop has
the advantage of being able to keep
employed the year round, several men
who.se knowledge of the crop from
seed-bed to case, makes them the better
workmen in each succeeding task from
season to season.

Every good crop, well handled, ad-
vertises New England wrappei, and
attracts trade. The more good tobacco
theie is raised, the more good demand
theie will be. There is no danger at
hand of an ovei'supply of New England
cigar wrappers.

No nation is so fastidious in its
cigar prefereno«i a* tha United

Cigar Leaf Market

Connecticut broadleaf still has the
call in New York, but all domestic to-
baccos are in stronger demand than
they have been for some weeks back.
In fact, buyers who cannot find just
what they want in the market are be-
ginning to content themselves with the
nearest to their ideal that they can get.
Samples of the ItlOa Zimmer Spanish
have made their appearance and make
an excellent showing. Samples of the
new Wisconsin have been shipped and
will arrive in a few days.

SUMATRA. — Business in this line
has been quite satisfactory during the
past week, and it looks to the New
York Tobacco Leaf as though October
would equal the preceding month in
volume of trade, despite its quiet open-
ing.

Havana. — Old-timers say that it
has been years since the market was
as thoroughly depleted of old goods as
it is today; and. new or old, there is
a very limited showing of Havana to-
baccos. On the Morro Castle, which
arrived Tuesday, there were fewer
than a thousand bales of Havana, and
all of this was new tobacco. Inquiry
is quite strong and, considering the
shortage of available matured leaf, a
very fair business was done during the
week.

Japanese Monopoly

When the Japanese Government es-
tablished its regie, it oflfered a price
to the American Tobacco Company for
their property, business lind good will
in Japan, which the company refused
on the ground of inadeijuacy. After
diplomatic negotiation, the Japanese
increased the figure bj- 1,000,000 yen
(1495,000) and the transfer is now
complete.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Merger Allowed

New Jersey Court Sees no Cause for Pre-
venting Tobacco Consolidation

■■■JSf New Jersey Chancery Chauibers,
•* Vice-Chancellot Pitney, has dis-
missed the complaint in the injunction
snit of Julius B. Ickelheimer and
others against the American, Conti-
nental and Consolidated Tobacco com-
panies.

The plaintiffs were represented bv
Alan H. Strong, Joseph Ooult and
Edward Day; the defendants by
Richard V. Lindabury, of Newark;
W. W. Fuller and Julius Parkei. of
New York, and Robert H. McCarty
and Charles L. Corbin. of Jersey City.

In his opening argument, Mr. Strong
asserted that notwithstanding the
covenant contained in the trust inden
tnre that the pi'operty of the Consoli-
dated should never be mortgaged, the
proposed merger plan contemplated
placing $56,000,000 six per cent, bonds
which it i.«' proposed to issue in substi-
tution of 146,000,000 preferred stock
of the American and Continental To-
bacco companies as a first lieu upon
the earnings and assets of the new cor-
poration; that the substitution of |56,-
000,000 in bonds for S46,000,000 in
preferred stock would be an increased
charge on the concern, and con.sequently
a weakening of the plaintiffs' security.

Lindabury in answer said that the
$.56,000,000 in sis per cent, bonds re-
placed 146,000,000 in preferred eight
per cent, and seven per cent, preferred
stock, so that the annual charge was
practically the same under both. He
then sprung a surprise on the jjlaintiffs
by offering the couit Article V. in the
original trust indenture under which
plaintiff's' bonds were issued, which is
as follows :

"From time to time the holders of a
majority in amount of all the bunds
hereby secured for the time being out-
standing, by their vote at a meeting of
the bondholders, lisld as provided in
section 2 of this article, or by an in-
strument or instruments in writing,
signed to assent to and authorize the
release of any part of the property
deposited witli or held by the trustee
under this indenture; to assent to and
authorize any modification or com-
promise of the rights of the bondhold-
ers and of the trustee against the Con-
solidated Co. or against any property
subject to this indenture, whether
such rights shall arise under tliese
presents or otherwise; and to assent to
and authorize any modification of any
of the provisions of this indentuie that
shall be proposed by the Consolidated
Co and recommended by the trustee."
This proved a checkmate to the
plaintiff's. Mr. Strong admitting that
when he drew up the bill of complaint
he had no knowledge of this Article V,,
but had been guided by the circular
issued by W. W. Fuller over his signa-

ture, and which made no mention of
this provision for setting aside the in-
denture and putting the merger into
effect.

After a brief exchange of agree-
ments, the vice-chancellor ended
matters by declaring :

''I will dismiss the bill of complaint,
presuming that the defendant com-
panies will show satisfactory proof to
this court of the ownership of the
stocks by the Morton Trust Co. as
trustee. The case will be taken to the
Court of Errois and Appeals and I
will therefore continue the stay against
the jn-oposed merger pending final
decision by that court."

Selling a Crop

A farmer recently wrote to the In-
ternal Revenue Bureau, asking if he
must pay a tax to sell leaf tobacco that
he had raised hiujself, and, further,
if he could be allowed to sell without
tax, whether he could make sales for his
brother or neighbor in the same way.
He was advised that the law permits the
farmer and grower to sell tobacco of
his own raising without restriction
and without the payment of tax to any
person and in any quantity so long as
the tobacco is sold in its natural con-
dition as cured on the farm: that this
is a persona! privilege accorded the
farmer and grower, and cannot be con-
strued as permitting him to sell the to-
bacco of his neighbor. If, however,
his brother is jointly interested witli
him in the raising of and preparing to-
bacco, assists in the cultivation and is
entitled to a share of the proceeds re-
sulting from its sale, the Commissioner
would hold that either the farmer or
his brother could sell the crop if they
each liave a right of ownershp in the
tobacco sold; but if the brother culti-
vates his own crop, and the applicant
has no legal share or interest in it, he
would not be permitted under the law
to sell it for him.

South Windsor

Among the more recent sales of the
lit04 crops of tobacco are those made
by George Hayes, Edward Ripley, J.
Lester Newton and Edward Farnham,
to the American Tobacco Company.

Joseph E. Carroll, who has been
awarded the work of building an addi-
tion to Edgar Farnhaiu's tobaccor
warehouse, has it started and when
completed it will cost $2,000. The
building is to be 32x44, the basement
to be used for assorting and the story
above for sweating.

Nathaniel Jones has sold to Mr.
Bijur of New York his tine crop of
1904 tobacco for 38 cents through, as-
sorted. The same broker bought
Andrew C. Reardon's tobacco, paying
a tritle less.

East Hartford

William Hunttiug & Co. have
bought the 1904 crop of Patrick Mick-
ey. Mr. Hickey raised twenty-one
acres. VCilbur Roberts of South Main
sti'eet has sold his crop of eleven acres
to the American Tobacco Oo.

Glastonbury

Arthur Bidwell, has sold his tobacco
to the American Tobacco Company for
80 cents. Mr. Brown has sold his crop
tot 24 cents, in the bundle, and Samuel
Friend received 32 and '>, assorted.

Graham, of New Milford, has pur-
chased William Brewer's tobacco.
The price paid was 30 cents.

E. D. Dickinson, who has been pur-
chasing tobacco for Vanderburgh &
Co. of Philadelphia for the past four
years, has received a letter from his
firm and says they will be in the field
the same as heretofore purchasing the
leaf, but not until it is in condition to
show.

Burnside

The ciop of Mrs. John Hartz is one
of the best giown in this vicinity for
sometime past. A sample leaf meas-
ured 43 inches long and 23 wide.

•^ Lie from Iowa

A salesman who leceutly took a
drive through Crawford county, la.,
says he saw tons upon tons of growing
tobacco, some of which will be shipped
to Cuba and stored from two to four
years to acclimate and cure, and will
then be reshipped to America and
handled as a Cuban product. — Ex-
change.

Neiv England Tobacco
Growers' Association.

President
EDMUND HJtLLMDJiY, Suffieid, Conn.

Vice-President
THMDDEUS GRJIVES, Hatfield, Mass.

Secretary and Treasurer
PMVL MCKERLY, Rockville, Conn.

Office
S3 Trumbull Street, Hartford, Conn.

Directors.

Wm. F. Andross, South Windsor, Conn.
Joseph H. Pierce, Enfield, Conn.
M. W. Frisbie, Southington, Conn.
William S. Pinney, Suffield, Conn.
H. W. Alford, Poquonock, Conn.
Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor, Conn.

B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.
F. K. Porter, Hatfield, Mass.
Albert Hurd, North Hadley, Mass.
J. C. Carl, Hatfield, Mass.

C. M. Hubbard, Sunderland, Mass.
W. H. Porter, Agawam, Mass.
Lyman A. Crafts, East Whately, Mass.
James S Forbes. Burnside, Conn.
George C Eno. Simsbury, Conn.

W. E. Burbank, Suffield, Conn.
E.C. Hills, Southwick, Mass.
James Morgan, Hartford, Conn.
H. Austin, Suffield, Conn.
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass
H. S. Frye, Poquonock, Conn.

iO

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

»Supplemerital Cixban Treaty

Possibility of Admission of American Goods on
More Favorable Basis

^--^ HE liveliest interest has been
I aroused in Wasbington in our

trade with Cuba, says a cor-
respondent of Tobacco Leaf,
by an official report received from
Minister Sqniers, in which the com-
plete failure of the Cuban reciprocity
treaty is described in forcible terms
and supported by ofBcial statistics, and
the significant suggestion is made that
"the situation is pretty well under-
stood, and it will not be difficult to
obtain from the Cuban Government a
proposition for the admission of goods
of American origin on a more favor-
able basis. " Mr. Squiers speaks with
all the authority of a diplomatic repre-
sentative of the United States at
Havana, and with the knowledge ac-
quired by daily intercourse with Cuban
and American business men engaged
in the trade between this country and
the island.

Mr. Sqniers presents a table show-
ing Cuba's import trade for the first
quarter of 1904 and for the same
quarter of 1903. He says: "These
figures are of special interest, in that
they cover the first quarter after
December 26, 1903, the date on which
the reciprocity treaty went into efl:ect.
The percentages of the several coun-
tries in this increase were as follows:
United States, 14; Germany, 14;
France, 5; Great Britain. 36; Spain,
27; other European countries, 12;
other countries, 2. American coun-
tries other than the United States
show a decrease of 13 per cent.

"American merchants and manu-
facturers will find but little satisfac-
tion in those figures. The imports in-
to Cuba from the United States show
an increase of but 3 per cent., while
those from England, Germany, Spain
and France increased 20, 21, 16 and 8
per cent, respectively; and I am un-
officially informed that the Cuban ex-
ports to the United States have very
largely increased.

"I never fail to impress upon the
President and the Cuban merchants
and planters with whom I come in
contact the danger to reciprocity in the
present uneven trade between the two
countries, and that American mer-
chants and manufacturers will not
long support an arrangement which
largely increases the market for Cuban
productions and, by comparison at
least, decrease the sale of our own.
The situation is pretty well under-
stood, and it will not be difficult to
obtain from the Cuban Government a
proposition for the admission of goods
of American origin on a more favor-
able basis.''

The Leaf's correspondent is in a
position to state that Mr. Squiers has
already undertaken, through a skilled
assistant to gather data indicating the

items in which the reciprocity reduc-
tions appear to have been of least ad-
vantage to American exporters. This
inquiry, while semi-official, has been
instituted at the suggestion of the
State Department, and it is reasonable
to assume that the material gathered
will be used as the basis of representa-
tions to the Cuban Government, hav-
ing for their object the negotiation of
a supplemental treaty making further
reductions on American goods. As to
additional reciprocal cuts in the Ding-
ley rates in Cuban products, Mr.
Squiers makes it entirely clear that
there is no reason for any further con-
cessions on the part of the United
States, and it would therefore appear
that the tobacco trade need feel no
anxiety concerning the outcome of
these negotiations. At present there
is no indication that the administra-
tion intends to draft a treaty in time
for its approval by Congress at the
coming short session, but even should
that be accomplished, it is extremely
improbable that anything inimical to
the domestic tobacco trade would be
included.

The Treasury Department has had
its attention drawn sharply to the
statistics of imports of cigars from the
island of Cuba since the reciprocity
treaty took effect. One prominent in-
dependent importer, in a communica-
tion filed with the department by a
leading member of Congress, asserts
that large quantities of Cuban cigars
are now being brought into this coun-
try upon undervalued invoices, thereby
making it very difficult for conscien-
tious importers to meet competition.
The department has also received
from an authorative source a memo-
randum making a comparison of the
invoiced values of imported cigars for
the seven months ending July 31,
1902, 1903 and 1904, from which it
appears that there has been a very
heavy decline in the valuation of these
goods since -the reciprocity treaty took
effect.

Recent Revenue Ruling

A farmer advises the Commissioner
that he raises a large crop of tobacco
and he desires to be informed whether
he is privileged to sell the same in
small lots at from 12 to 26 pounds to
any person without the payment of
tax. He also asks to be advised if he
can give this tobacco away as pre-
mium, selling a pipe, for instance, for
20 cents and giving a pound of tobacco
in the hand, not manufactured in any
way, to the purchaser. He was ad-
vised that as to tobacco of his own
growth and raising which isn't rolled,
twisted, sweetened, or otherwise man-
ipulated, being in its natural condition
as cured on the farm, he would not be

Potash Fills the
Grain Sacks

Potash is a necessary nourish-
ment for grain and all other crops.
Write to-day for our valuable
books on "Fertilization" — full of
information that fVfty farmer should
possess — sent free to applicants.

GERMAN KALI WORKS

93 Nassau Street New York

m.

restricted in any way in the sale or
disposition of it, as such tobacco in the
hands of a farmer is not subject to
tax; Ihat under the privilege accorded
him by law as the farmer or grower of
the tobacco he can sell it in any quan-
tity to any per.son or give it away in
the manner proposed; that the persons
who receive this tobacco from him
would be held responsible for its proper
use and disposition. If they personally
chew, smoke or otherwise consume it
no tax would accrue: but if they resell
it to consumers it would be regarded
as manufactured tobacco and the per-
son so selling it would be required to
qualify as a manufacturer of tobacco,
put up the tobacco in statutory pack-
ages and pay the tax on the same at
the rate of six cents per pound.

York, Pennsylvania

Of the estimated acreage of 1,700
acres of tobacco grown in York county,
it is not believed that more than .'5,000
cases will be produced. In the Druck
Valley, which is the principal tobacco
growing section, the crop suffered con-
siderable damage, as it did in the
vicinity of Goldsboro.

Andrews & Peck,

MANUFACTURERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Doors Windows and Blinds.

Manufacturers' Agents for Akron Sewer
Pipe and Land Tile.

We make a specialty of hotbed sash.

Office, 88 MarKet Street,

Mill: Charter Oak and Vrcdcndalc Avenues,
HARTFORD, CONN.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

n

Ot\g Packer's Story

Sad A.ccount of Experiences in Dealing %vith
Connecticut Tobacco Groovers

^ CORRESPONDENT of the
^\^ (J. H. Tobacco Journal writes
as follows " to that paper:

"The time for packiug the

big Ooiinecticut crop will soon be upon
lis. This year the Connecticut crop
has a]^great boom. ' Many buy eis who
have not made a practice of buying
seed tobacco are now in the field, and
there are more to come. Buying con-
ditions will be almost similar to what
they were thirty years ago in Connecti-
cut. In the vicinity of the village
where I was brought up seventeen new
firms of leaf tobacco merchants spiang
into existence in one year: and again
when the boom was on in Wisconsin a
few years ago, country meichauts, de-
pot agents, bankers and doctors all
came up as full fledged tobacco dealers.

"Judging by the past we will again
have an over supply of musty and
rotten tobacco when the sampling
time conies. The chances are nearly
all against the so-called dealer." being a
winner when puces are high and tliere
is a demand for tobacco. Everything
goes with the farmer, wet tobacco,
rotten tobacco and all kinds of dam-
aged goods. It would be lietter for the
dealer if he could get the farmer to
bring the water in barrels and pay him
so much a pound for the water rather
than have him put it on the tobacco
which will cause it to must and rot.
In my opinion why we have had s(j
much musty and rotten tobacco in the
past few years has been lack of .judg-
ment on the part of the dealers.

■"When I was packing tobacco in
Connecticut my damaged tobacco
would not amount to one-half of one
percent. As a rule those who have no
established warehouses pick ont scmie
bright young Yankee to help buy and
superintend their packing. When the
tobacco is rtelivered by the farmer the
so-called superintendent will accept
anything and everything offered by
the farmer, because it will never do to
antagonize the farmer, the great op-
portunity has arrived for the so-called
superintendent to use his position to
get into the legislature which is the
great ambition of ninety-nine ont of
every hundred of countrymen.

"To show further one of forty ex-
periences I have had with the so-called
superintendents: I had two-thirds of
a crop that was delivered in the fore
part of the season, sorted and packed,
every leaf of this delivery sampled out
sound. A tew weeks later when I
could not be present the balance of the
crop was delivered and every leaf of
this tobacco came out damaged, so
much so that it was only fit for fer-
tilizer. I asked my foreman why it
was that he had accepted the second
delivery and was told that he could
not go against the farmer, and that

llie tiibiicco cost the farmer .just as
much to raise as it did the two-thiids of
the crop that I had formerly accepted.

"I could relate many such experi-
ences with the so-called foremen.
When tobacco u.sed to be delivered
tied up in hands and sorted by the
farmers we only had a small percentage
of the damaged tobacco tlfat we now
have. When the country packings ran
from 150 to 500 cases the dealers could
give the tobacco more attention as to
condition when it went into cases.

Formerly after the tobacco was
sorted by the farmer it used to remain
in large pilts so that the moisture
would be e^en throughout the leaf,
then the tobacco would be rehandled
and shaken up after it once had
warmed a little in the piles; then
again in former years the tobacco was
stored in wooden buildings during the
process of fermentation, where the
buildings had good ventilation you
seldom heard of damaged goods, but
not so in the cities where the tobacco
was stored in large brick buildings. I
can remember one year of tobacco
damaging from 20 to 40 per cent, in
these brick buildings, while tobacco
. tored in the frame structures had

practically no damage at all. Condi-
tions similar to these also exi.st in
\Viscon.sin.

'A few years ago I started out to
Ijuy 1,000 cases of Wisconsin. One
morning I took with me one of the so-
called superintendents and was piloted
to where there was 20 crops, but did not
l)uy a pound of it. When noon came
I told my man that I was not out to
help the farmer, but to buy tobacco
tliat would give me satisfaction. After
dinner we started out again and 1
bought 100 cases but, by night had I be-
come disgusted with my superintendent,
and would buy no more; this man was
working for the benefit of the farmer.

"I got the superintendent to put the
tobacco in cases as I wished it; after
awhile I was told in confidence by an
outsider that my tobacco had been
piled near the entrance in the ware-
house where everj- time the door
opened it would get the fresh air.
When this tobacco was sampled there
was not over ten pounds of damaged
tobacco in the 100 ca.ses, whereas the
balance of the tobacco sweat in this
building consisting of some two or
three thousand cases went from 20 to
40 per cent, damage. I would like to
hear expressions of opinion through
your paper from some of the packers
as to the cause of so much rot and
pole sweat and how to avoid it."

East Hartford

W. F. Andross has made an addi-
tion of forty-five feet to one of his to-
bacco sheds.

Q-

-0

A

SoutHern
Home

In a country free from excessive heat and cold,
healthful and prosperous

LANDS AT LOAV

For printed matter, circulars, etc.
particulars, write

PRICES

giving full

Q-

M. V. RICHARDS

Land and Industrial Agent, Southern Railway
and Mobile & Ohio R. R. Jl* J* ,M u*

WASHINGTON, D. C.

■£)

J2

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Tobacco at St. I^ouis

List of A^vards Now in tKe Hands of the
Superior Jury

THE tobacco department jury of
tbe St. Louis Exposition has com-
pleted its ■work and has made out a list
of awards to exhibitors. This list is
now in the hands of the superior jury,
where it must be passed upon before it
becomes olHcial.

The Tobacco Leaf has secured the
following table, showing the vaiious
awards given for displays of different
grades'of leaf tobacco, and all kinds of
manufactured tobacco, cigars and
cigarettes.

FOREIGN.

O O C« M J?

TiS 2. :r o 3

Canada

Brazil 4

Porto Rico 2

Nicaragua 2

Cuba 2

Ouatamala

Peru

Hayti 1

Siam

Germany 2

17 23
4 3

France

England

Japan

Russia

Italy

China

India

Honduras

Belgium

Costa Rica ...

Bulgaria

Venezeula . , . . ,

Mexico

Argentine

1 1 5
1 . . .

L . .

1 1 . .
1 . .

1 . . .

1

(No exhibit)
1 .. .

1 .. .

3 ..

2 2 2.
1 3 2 .. ..
3 13 24 26 . .

1 .. 1 . .

Total 20 59 73 63

United States.

Georgia 1 . . 1

Texas 1

Louisiana 1 . . 2 1

Missouri

Indiana

Illinois

South Dakota . .

Ualifornia

New York 1 3

Maryland 2 6

Kentucky 5 33

Kentucky (Exhibits considered in

General Display) 48

Connecticut.... 2

Tennessee .... Ill 6 10 4

Pennsylvania . . 1 10 14 15 52
North Carolina. 2 3 1 . . . .

Virginia 1 3 2 1

Wisconsin 1

Totals 18 59 53 62 131

Grand Totals.

Foreign 20 59 73 62 2

United States. 18 59 53 62 131

Totals 38 lis 126 134 133

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Advertisements under this head cost one
cent a word each time; no auvertisemeut taken
for less than twenty cents; cash or stamps
must accompany orders, which should be re-
ceived by the 25th of the month.

FOR SALE— Winter Rye, SI 00 per bushel,
Bo.^ 164, Tariffville, Connecticut.

WANTED — Position as consnltin^j and man-
aging superintendent in leaf tobacco culture.
No objection to going abroad. Box 37, care of
New England Tobacco Grower.

4
23

7 3
27 21

WANTED TO PURCHASE— Second hand
tobacco bailing press. Bo.x 38, care of New
England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Distributer for the output of a
small cigar factory making a specialty of $25
and $30 goods. Bo.v 34, Care The New iCngland
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Si.v cases Connecticut Broadleaf
Seconds. State price, locality where grown,
and state where goods can be seen. Bo.x 36,
Care The New England Tobacco Grower.

Poquonock

Recent tobacco sales were the crops
of Fred H. Thrall, John A. DuBon,
Charles D. Clark, A. E. Holcomb and
A. H. Brown. Mr. Thrall received 26
cents per pound in the tundle. There
is great activity in the market at
present and many growers knowing the
scarcity of good leaf, refuse to consider
any bids at present.

East Windsor

Luther Crane sold big tobacco the
past week for 25 cents in the bundle
and Wolcott Bissell got 28 cents,
assorted.

In Havana

Heavy bodied Vueltas don't seem to
entice prospective buyers, at least for
the present. Most people prefer to see
this class of tobacco develop in the
bales before risking an investment in
same.

The new crop of Vnelta Abajo shows
a great percentage of inferior graSes,
and the high class goods for which
there is a good call bring very high
figures. Holders of high grade Vuelta
Abajo of the new crop say they are not
eager to let them go out of their hands
for a song, as they are satisfied that
they will bring much better prices a
little later on. As it is, stocks are
perceptibly deminishing. — New York
CorrespondeDce.

Washing
Powder

F«@lfii|^ Dig

PAlN^.J^c;

Use

Swifts

Washing
Powder

CLOTHING

Swift's Washing Powder is the Tidy Housewife's best friend.
Try a package and see for yourself.

SWIFT PROVISION COMPANY,

16 John Street,

BOSTON. MASS.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

13

Suffield

Tobacco has cured down to a nice
cinnHiuon color, the best qualitj' for
yeais. About one-half of the crop has
been taken down.

Starr Brothers opened their ware-
house October 2o with a large force.
The Mendelsohn wareliouse openel
October 81. There is to be a larger
number of girls than usual employed
in wareliouses this winter.

Growers are plowing their tt)Liacco
land, but very few are sowing rye.

There have been a number of sales,
the prices ran^^ing from l(i to iO cents
in the bundle. Among those recently
disposing of crops are: Chas. Catson,
A. H. Potter, Welsh Brothers, John
Carson, James Prior, Jjhn Steele,
George Lewis, Henry Allen. W. K.
Henry, Frank Abbe, Chas. Chapin.
John Pease, Patrick Carey, William
Steele.

Bloomfield

A barn owned by tne Krohn Tobacco
Company, and situated near the tracljs
of tlie Central New England railroad
in North Bloomfield, was burned with
its contents on September 27. The
fire is thought to have been of incendi-
ary origin.

The building was of wood, two
stories and a basement and was 40 by
60 feet, with an addition 36 by .iO feet.
It contained about three tons each of
hay and straw with seventy-five busliels
of oats and farming tools. The build-
ing was erected three years ago at a
cost of .f.j.OOO and was insured for
13,000 while there was a partial insur-
ance on the contents.

Tl e lire started in the second story
of the buililing and had attained con-
siderable headway when discovered.
There is a fire alarm system on the
Kiohn farm but it could not be
sounded. No other buildings were
endangered by the lire.

In State Institutions

A collector in a Western State ad-
vises the Commissioner that the Board
of Control of State Institutions of the
State embraced in his district desire to
purchase certain tobacco without the
payment of tax for the exclusive use of
inmates of the state institutions
under their control.

He was advised that dealers in leaf
tobacco only are permitted to sell ac-
cumulations of waste, scraps and
broken leaf under practically the same
conditions as whole leat tobacco, the
purchases in this instance having been
the waste of a dealer in leaf tobacco,
and that as the commissioner had
decided that they may sell leaf tobacco
in Its entirety to state institutions for
use of inmates free of tax, he could not
consistently object to their disposing
of scraps, broken leaf, etc., in the
same manner; that the sale of such to-
bacco material, however, must be abso-
lutely restricted to institutions sup-
ported by revenues of the state and
under the control or superintendence
of state officials; that manufacturers
of tobacco or cigars would not be

privileged to sell their cuttings, clip-
pings, or other tobacco material to
state institutions without the payment
of tax.

The special attention of the collector
Was called to this restriction, because
in his letter he stated that a member
of the board had advised that an oppor-
tunity had been offered bim to purchase
from a manufacturer a certain (juantity
of manufactured tobacco free of tax
which was presumed to be scrap to-
bacco; that previous decisions along
this line do not authorize tbe purchase
of manufactured tobacco from a manu-
facturer of tobacco for use in the state
institutions, as such a sale by a manu-
facturer would be contrary to law.

Change in Sumatra

In the Island of Sumatra the practice
of priming the leaves has been
abandoned by a number of the large
plantations, which now harvest their
tobacco by cutting and hanging the
whole plant. The reason for changing
from the priming system is reported to
be the discovery by experiment that a
better average of colors is secured by
plant-cutting than by leaf-priming.

The advocates of hanging the plant
say that while priming results in the
production of a good number of very
fine leaves, the Hanging of the whole
plant produces a better average of
color and other good qualities through
the crop.

Ross Self Feed Tobacco Stalk and Ensilage Cutters

The only cut-up ensilage ma-
chine on the market, making
it especially adapted for cut-
ting tobacco stalks for fertil-
izer.lTOBACCO GROWERS
have been quick to recognize
its value. ^Are you one of the
progressive kind? Write for
circulars and prices or call
and see samples at either of
our two stores.

27 Lyman Street, Springfield, Mass. 2IS State Street, Hartford, Conn.

THE B. L. BRAGG CO.

Y

GET RE^ULTvS

We handle everything used in adver-
tising— space, cuts, booklets, circu-
lars. We contract for complete ad-
vertising campaigns; attend to every
detail; and :: :: :: :: :'■

GET RESULTS

JOHNSTONE Advertising jigency

I«%corj>orated

Hartford Fire Insurance Bldg.
Hartford, Conn.

16 State Street
Rochester, If. V.

\

14

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Crop £stitnate tSHo^vs Gain

Reports from Tobacco-Grooving Sections Indi-
cate Improved Conditions

FIGURES compiled by the chief
statistician of the Department of
Agricultuie expressly for the Tobaecu
Leaf make a fine showing for the
season's tobacco crop, -which is now
practically flnished in all the important
fields.

The average condition for the crop
throughout the United States on the
lat instant was 85.6, as compared with
83.7 on September 1 of the present
year, and 38.3 on October 1 of 1903,
showing an advance of 1.9 points in
the past 30 days and 3.3 points as com-
pared with last year's crop on the same
date. , The figures in detail are as
follows :

Oct. 1.

Sept. 1,

Oct. 1.

States.

1904.

1901.

1903.

New Hampshire

100

89

99

Vermont

m

90

94

Massachusetts

100

107

80

Connecticut

104

100

83

New York

93

86

83

Pennsylvania

90

94

93

Maryland

83

89

93

Virginia

91

91

89

North Carolina

84

87

78

South Carolina

88

91

78

Geoigia

93

93

88

Florida

94

70

90

Alabama

81

87

84

Mississippi

87

76

75

Louisiana

93

91

93

Texas

93

90

85

Arkansas

8K

81

83

Tennessee

88

76

S7

West Virginia

ill

88

81

Kentucky

81

78

79

Ohio

89

84

76

Michigan

6()

04

87

Indiana

83

73

83

Illinois

88

91

84

Wisconsin

87

80

93

Missouri

87

86

87

United States 85.6 83.7 83.3

The condition of cigar leaf in the
principal sections devoted to Ibis type
is highly encouraging. In only one
important state is there any decline
whatever as compared with the figures
on September 1 of the present year, or
those of October 1 a year ago. Penn-
sylvania shows a small decline, but the
condition noted is still far above the
ten-year average, being reported at 90,
as compared with 93 on tlie same date
a year ago. Connecticut makes the
remarkable showing of 104, the high-
est point reached in the table, as com-
pared with 100 on September 1 of this
year, and 83 for the finished crop of
1903. This gain of 31 points over last
year's crop is the most remarkable
feature of the season's statistics.

New York shows a handsome gain
both over this year's September
figures and over those of last year's
October conditions, being nine points

better than the finished crop of 1903-
Georgia's crop on October 1 shows a
decline of one point from September's
condition, but a gain of four points over
last year's finished crop. Florida
makes a phenomenal showing, having
recovered from the low figure of 7(i
noted on September 1 to 94 on the 1st
instant, thereby surpassing last year's
high record of 90 on corresponding date.

Ohio has a gratifying record, having
gained five points over the September
report and no less than 13 points over
last year's finished crop. Wisconsin,
which a month ago was down to 80,
has gained seven points during the past
month, although it is still points be-
hind the condition noted on October 1,
1903. Taken altogether, the cigar
leaf crop makes a splendid showing,
and as the acreage is fully up to the
standard, the outlook is for a maxi-
mum total production.

Kentucky's big crop has gained three
points since September 1 and finishes
two points above last year's crop. This
gain, taken in connection with the
enormous production of this state, is
the chief iactor in the gain in the
average condition of the crop through-
out the countrv

Virginia holds the high record
reached on September 1 and the entire
production will be harvested in an
average condition two points above that
of last year. North Carolina, where the
acreage has been somewhat reduced,
has declined three points since Septem-
ber 1, but still shows six points
higher than on October 1, 1903. South
Carolina makes an even better show-
ing, foi while the crop has lost three
points since September 1, it finishes 10
points ahead of last year's production.

Up to the present time no attempt
has been made to estimate this year's
total yield, but in view of the decidedly
improved condition as compared with
the corresponding date in 1903, there
is promise that the reduction in acre-
age, araountinsf to nearly 30 per cent.,
reported early in the season, will be
offset to a considerable extent by the
lieavier crop.

Transplanter Patent

An old patent on a tobacco trans-
planter has now expired. The inventor
was D. Clow of Janesville, Wisconsin,
and the patent covered a suitable frame
mounted on wheels and carrying at
each side furrow-openers. Each wheel
carries a series of plant-holders which
are adapted to deposit plants in the
furrows. A water tank is mounted in
the frame, and is provided with suit-
able spouts and valves which are auto-
matically operated to water each plant
as it is deposited and placed in the
furrow.

/is

/IN

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is
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/!>
is

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^^*%

A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobacco Gro-wrers

FOR any business man, pro-
fessional man, or industry,
is easily obtained by con-
sulting the Industrial Depart-
ment. CThe proposition submit-
ted will be attractive, embody,
ing just the information desired
to intelligently consider such an
important matter as change of
location. COur monthly maga-
zine of Southern opportunities
will prove invaluable to those
interested in the South.

THE LAND OF
MANATEE

I

S the most beautiful section
of America, heretofore with-
out rail facilities. The cli-
mate is delightful, the atmos-
phere salt-laden and perfumed
by thousands of blossoming
orange, lemon, grape fruit and
guava trees and the most beauti-
ful and fragrant of flowers. CA
land of perfect health, ideal
living, where crime, trouble and
ill health are as yet positively
unknown. Manatee booklets de-
scribe it in detail.

The most costly piece of railroad literature ever issued is the special Southern
edition of the Seaboard Magazine of Opportunities, — yes, there is one for you. — It is
unique, contains no advertisements, but hundreds of full pagre and half pag-e jihoto.
j^ravures. — the most exquisite examples of the modern printer's art and each worthy
of fr.imlnt,''. Sent free fin receipt of ten cents to p.iy p<ista[.'e.

J. ^V. AVHITB

General Industrial Jtgent, Portsmouth, i

ny SEABOARD

AIR. LINE RAIL-WAY

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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

15

^u^uwy vvww^'vwvwwwwvwk'^wy WW ww^vww

LUTHRR M. CASi:,

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,

Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco.
Shade Grown j^j^
Sumatra in Bales.

Main Warehouse and Office, Pine Meadow, Conn,

BR.«AICH WAREHOUSES:

Southwick, Mass.,— Foreman. H. L. Miller.
East Canaan, Conn., — Foreman, L. F. Bronsiin.
Barkhamsteti. Conn., — Foreman, L. .\. T^ee.
North Hatfield, Ma.ss.,— Foreman. Willis Holden.
New Hartford. Conn., — Foreman, James Stewart.

SUMATRA PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn., 25 Acres

Barkhamsted, Conn., 20 Acres

Southwick, Mass., J 5 Acres

Always in the market for old Tobacco if well
assorted and packed. ^ Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialty, assorted and sized into
thirty-two grades. ......

wmmmmmmmmmmm ww mw pmr ww^

Uncured Tobacco

A collector advises the Commissioner
that many luannfacturers of cigars in
his district are buying tobacco direct
from the farmer and grower while the
tobacco is green, undertaking to cure
it themselves, and that there is a re-
sulting loss in weight, ami he asks to
be informed how such purchases should
be entered on the manufacturer's
records and Form T2.

He was advised that the law and
regulations do not contemplate that
cigar manufacturers shall engage in
the business of curing tobacco, us that
is generally understood to be the busi-
ness of the farmers and growers wlio
have tobacco barns and curing sheds
for the puipose; and when the tobacco
is sold by such farmers to dealers, the
tobacco is supposed to be sufficiently
dried and cured for manufa'^turing
purposes; that the regulations require
manufacturers of tobacco, cigars, etc.,
to enter tobacco on their books when
purchased at the actual weights; but
in estimating deficiencies, allowances
are made for the shrinkage and waste,
as provided in the Regulations, pages
65 and 66, and under ordinary circum-
stances these allowances are suiBcient
to cover all such losses in weight.

But if tobacco is purchased green, as
cut from the stalks, and brought into
the factory in that condition to be
■dried or cvired on the factory premises,

it is doubtful if the present allowances
would be sufficient; and the result
would be that manufacturers purchas-
ing tobacco in that condition would
have large deficiencies in their accounts,
which, under the regulations, would
not be allowed, but would be reported
for assessment.

The collector was instructed to ad-
vise manufacturers of tobacco and
cigars in his district that the Commis-
sioner would not make any allowances
for excessive loss in weight of tobacco
bought in a green, uncured state and
taken into their factories for manufac-
turing purposes. That if the manufac-
turers desired to engage in the business
of drying and curing tobacco, they
must conduct such business outside of
and entirely independent of their regis-
tered factory premises; and when the
tobacco is taken into their factories it
must be in such a dried and cured state
as to render it suitable for manufac-
turing purposes.

Russia's Tobacco Production

The tobacco industry of Russia is
rapidly making forward strides, al-
though it is not as extensive as that of
the United States. In 1902 Russian
revenue from tobacco aggregated |23,-
140,700, compared with |4;^, .513,000
for the United States in 1903. The
tendency in Russia is toward a consol-
idation of the tobacco business, for in
1901 there were only 254 factories,

against 307 ten years before, yet in the
decade the average output per factory
increased from 673,200 to 1,195.200
pounds. About 60 per cent, of the
factory employees are women and 10
per cent, children.

The cigar industry of Russia is of
less importance than cigarette manu
facturing. In 1902 a total of 6,632,-
000,000 cigarettes were made, com-
pared with 2,892,397,000 in the United
States. The chief provinces turned
out 81,446,400 pounds of "makhorka"
(smoking tobacco and snutl") in 1902.
About 50 of Russia's tobacco exports
go to Germany and 25 per cent, to Fin-
land. Compared with domestic con-
sumption, Russia's export tobacco
trade is small, amounting in 1903 to
$1,746,500.

Mew Tobacco Company
The South Windsor Tobacco Com-
pany has filed a certificate ot incorpora-
tion with the state secretary. The
capital stock is |2,000. The incorpor-
ators are Edgar A. Farcham, John W.
Helm and Ralph M. Grant.

Wisconsin Warehouse
Julius Vetterlein, of J. Vetterlein
& Co., leaf packers and dealers of
Philadelphia, has made a trip to Wis-
consin and purchased the Sutter Bros,
warehouse at Cambridge, Wis. Mr.
Vetterlein traveled elsewhere in the
west, looking over the situation of the
trade.

(6

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Leaf Import Returns

FtirtKer Classifications Required of Final
I^ic^uidatian as Wrapper and Filler

Bulgarian Tobacco

One hiiiulrerl and thirty-eight culti-
vators were engaged in 1903 in raising
tobacco in Bulgaria on about 300 acres;
in 1904 the number increased to 733.
cultivating 3,000 acres.

ACTING SECRETARY Lawrence
D. Murray has issued a circular
of the Department of Commerce and
Labor, addresped to the customs house
officers at all United States potts and
reading as follows:

"In order to supply the Secretary of
the Treasury with necessary informa-
tion in regard to imports of tobacco
from Cuba, you are directed to render
monthly to the Bureau of Statistics of
the Depaitment of Commence and
Labor a statement of imports of to-
bacco, and manufactures of, from
Ouba, classified according to Classes
Nos. 1889-1897, inclusive, of Schedule
E, as follows :

"1. The quantities and values of,
and assessed duties on, such tobacco,
entered for consumption and entered
for warehouse, as was finally liquiila'ed
during the month, without regard to
the time of importation, with totals
of the same.

"2. The quantities and values of,
and duties assessed on. the same to-
bacco when originally entered for con-
sumption and entered for warehouse,
before liquidation, with totals of the
same.

"The statement in case of transac-
tions will be prepared on blank form
Catalogue No. 308, and in the case of
no transactions on blank form Cata-
logue No. 311. and must be forwarded
within fifteen days alter the close of
the month to which the return relates.

"This circular will take effect Sep-
tember 1, 1904, and will supersede any
prior call for this information."

In commenting on this circular the
New York Tobacco Leaf says:

It will be noted that the Department
has provided a practicable nietliod for
determining the amount of leaf tobacco
actually advanced upon appraisement
from the filler wrapper class and will
not content itself with a general
summary showing the total amount of
the difference between entered and
appraised classification for the fiscal or
calendar year. Monthly reports are
to be rendered in all cases: and section
1 of the new regulations provides for a
report as to the amount of wrapper
and filler upon which duties have been
finally liquidated, while section 3 re-
quires that the invoice classification of
the same tobacco shall also be shown
for comparative purposes.

Hereafter, therefore, the customs
officials will prepare three sets of
figures showing the imports of tobacco
from Cuba: first, the current imports
by months as originally entered:
second, the imports by months as
finally liquidated: and, third, a com-
panion table to the .second series show-
ing the original classification of the to-
bacco subsequently liquidated. The.se
three sets of figures are necessary as it

ftecjuently happens that months, or
even years, elapse after the tobacco is
imported before the duties are finally
liquidated, and it is withdrawn for con-
sumption. The first series of figures
will therefore correspond with the
current statistics of. importations,
while the second and third series will
represent the final liquidations of goods
imported from time to time through-
out a considerable period.

Cedar Cigar Boxes

"Every now and then,' said Vice-
President Jacob Laux, of the Charles
Stutz Co.. to a representative of the
New Y'ork Tobacco Leaf, "some one
invents a new style of cigar box.
More or less ado is made over it, and
then it is forgotten. This time it is a
novel tin box with ventilating aper-
tures and crevices. I haven't seen it,
but presume it to be a variation of the
tin box idea of long ago, which was in
the market a year.

"Pacific coast men got up enthu-
siasm over redwood boxes. The3' were
cheap and easily made, but the fibre
was so soft that it would not .stand
nailing, nor hold the nails.

"From time to time they have tried
other woods, such as poplar, bass.
beech, sycamore, button ball and
Cottonwood, but none of them ever
won the approval of the trade. Some
emitted vapors which injured the flavor
of the Havanas: others attracted in-
sects, and still others proved a hot bed
for mold. Nearly all were cheap and
ugly in appearance."

Warehouse Point

The following persons are reported
as having sold their tobacco: T. P.
Sextcn, John Bassinger, (i. A. Ellis.
William Parker, O. E. Wadsworth, Ed-
ward Abbe and Anton Sabonis.

A number of the tobacco growers
have taken down their crops and are
delivering it to the warehouses.

German Cigarette -Industry

El Tabacco de Cuba says Germany
has the greatest cigarette industry of
the world, most of the supply coming
from Egypt, and that Amsterdam is
the greatest tobacco market of the
world, the business in all classes of
tobacco last year amounting to five
million dollars.

With the South Jtfrican Growers

Rhodesia, in South Africa, accord-
ing to the Rhodesia Herald, is liKely
to become a gieat producer of tobacco.
Rhodesia is a vast territory, equal in
extent to the Continent of Europe,
minus Russia. It is estimated that
the planting this year will reach 2,000
acres which, if the .season be favorable,
will produce 2,000,000 pounds of to-
bacco.

TOBACCO IN CUBA

The indtit from ilu* raisiny ot tobacco in the

Vtxelta A.baio District
Province oy Pinar del Rio

IS AL.MoST BEYONI) BELIEF

Send for book descriptive of the fine tobacco

lands for sale in this district at the

American town of Herradura

Incorporated, $440,000 Capital Stock

Herradura Land Co.

BCRNAZA 3, HAVANA, CUBA

JENKINS & BARKER,

Successors (o Col. Charles L. Bnrdett.

Patent and Trade Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United Slates and Foreigrn Pat-
ent's, DesijTiis and Trade Marks.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING,
50 State Street, - Hartford, Connecticnt

HEJtDHUJfRTERS FOR

T0BRG60 mSURfillGE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

95 Pearl St., HERTFORD, CONN.
14 Fort St., SPRINGFIELD, MJtSS.

BANK-BY-MAIL:

L'ncle Sam is a trusty messen-
ger.—He will deliver your deposit
safely and promptly to the stroni:
vaults of this Bank.

The convenience of banking by
mail is appreciated by man>-
people in the towns adjacent to
Hartford.

American Nat^ijai Bank. I

VOL. VI. No. 4.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, DECEMBER, J 904.

$1.00 A YEAR

Growers Awaiting Tobacco Damp

Suffield

Tne farmers are anxiously awaiting
a tobacco (^ainp in order that tbey may
take down the balance of their crops
which remain on the poles. It _is
almost a mouth since the last damp
occurred and in the meantime the to-
bacco has become dry and brittle. The
farmers are of course unable tn atrip
the tobacco in its present condition,
but must wait until a rain or heavy
fog lenders the leaves pliable so that
they can be handled. Some of the
more fortunate growers have all their
tobacco down and stripped off, ready
for delivery, while a few have already
taken away their crops and rectived
their money.

The value of an early delivery is at
once recognized. The crop, if delivered
at an early date, weighs considerably
more than it would several months
later, and at the prices prevalent this
year, is an item worth considering.
Then, too, the farmer can pay his in-
debtedness and stop interest on same,
cut oflE the exjiense of insurance, stor
ing, and is relieved of the woriy that
something may develop to render the
crop unsalable or at least injure it.

Again, the man who has received
his money has no fear that the buyer
may come around in three or four
months and offer him a lower price
than he originally bought the crop for,
as has been done many times in former
years, especially when high prices
have been paid.

All things considered, tlie farmei
who sells and delivers early is many
dollars better off than the one who
does not carry off his crop until some
months later. Very few .sales have
been reported in the last two weeks.
This is due, no doubt, to the condition
bf the tobacco which prevents the
ouyers from examining it.

I. Kappenburgh & Sons of Boston,

Keiser & Boasberg of Buffalo, L. P.
Bissell Bros. & Co. of Suffield and E.
A. & VV. F. Fuller of Hartford have
opened their warebonses in Suffield
and have a large number of men at
work sorting and packing the ciop.

John F. Barnett, Jr., has lecently
built a large packing house at West
Suffield. The building is 4(i liy .■)»> feet
and two stories high. It contains two
sweat-rooms, which will hold 400 cases
at one time. Kutinsky Adler & Co.
of New York will pack in the building.

Luther A. Kent, who raises 22 acres
of the leaf has installed an engine and
apparatus for dampening the tobacco
with steam and has aheady taken
down several acres by this method.
The tobacco taken down appears to be
in excellent condition and a great ai?-
vantage of this method is that the to-
bacco can be dampened at any time,
and as much or as little as can be con-
veniently handed.

East Hartford

No lots remain unsold in this ^ icinity
at this date, although there are some
in outlying districts.

Recent sales include: Bushman of
Westfield, Mass.. G. E. & H. Whaples,
at 'ib cents assorted; Patrick Ahern at
38 cents assorted; O. M. Gilman at 40
cents; Hill Long to Taylor of Westfield
at 33 cents in bundle.

The curing m?ets the expectations
of the growers in every particular.
There ^is no sweat or other unsound-
ness. Weights will be bettei than was
prophesied, appro.ximating l-,2.iO per
acre.

Growers are plowing undei manure.
Green crops on tobacco lands ara not
popular.

Warehouses will probably open
earliei this year, perhaps by January
1. About one-thiid of the crop has

been taken down and assorting com
menced.

Crop is practically all wrappers. No
top leaves, as there are not enough to
tie up with. Colors are lighter than
usual.

Warehouse Point

Thomas J. Coleman of Prior street
has purchased of E. O. Bancroft 1.5
acres ol farming land for $900. The
land ad,joins Mrs Coleman's farm on
the east and is along the Scantic road.

John Farrell has purchased a bain
from Edward Parsons, which was on
the Potter place, and has engaged
Hiram Terry to move it on his land
near the power house.

A tobacco shed owned by William H
Lathrop, situated south of Warehouse
Point, was burned to the ground No-
vember 34. The shed contained 3}^
acres of tobacco owned by Isaac J.
Trombley, a horse, wagon and some
farming implements, all ot which were
destroyed. There was an insurance of
1400 on the shed, and the tobacco,
which had been sold at 21 cents a
pound, was paitly insured. The origin
of the fire is a mystery.

South Windsor Weight

For the benefit of those who
prophesied very light weights in the
present crop of tobacco, we can say
that one South Windsor grower, who
has sold in the bundle, and who has
his crop all down, stripped, and
weighed, reports nineteen tons off of
eighteen acres. This is an average of
3,111. This may be an exceptional
crop, but some of his neighbors expect
to come pretty near it. — East Hartford
Gazette.

An accident to the printing machin-
ery has delayed the sending out of a
part of this edition of The New Eng-
land Tobacco Grower.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

PHilippine Conditions

Settler From Hartford Describes Needs of tKe
Islands to Insure Development

WF. Wyett, a wealthy hemp
grower of Bulacaii, Philip-
pine Islands, has been visi-
ting in Hartford. Mr.
Wyett IS a native of Hartford, and he
has come to see the St. Louis Fair and
his old hoiae.

This is his second visit to America
in twenty years. His estate in Bula-
can is 17,000 acres in extent, and one
of the most fertile of its kind in the
islands. Mr. Wyett says that trade in
the Philippines is fairly piosperous.

■'What we need out there just now
perhaps more than anything else is
good American labor,'' says Mr. Wyett.
"The home government appears to
be taking little or no practical interest
in the encouragement of emigration to
the Philippines. The upbuilding of
the islands must depend on the steady
increase of its American population,
and until Americans are in the majori-
ty, too, at least in the cities, there
will always be more or less trouble
with the natives. There are great op-
portunities just now in the Philippines
for vast numbers here, particularly
those with small capital. Just think
of the work to be done in the building
of railroads, irrigation schemes, and
so on. These things are imperatively
needed before any great good can be
accomplished in the Philippines.

''Many people here seem to be under
the impression that the islands are a
'no man's land' and a modern Canaan
rolled into one. Such an idea is ab-
surd, and you certainly have had pos-
session of the country long enough to
know better. Foreigners appreciate
its opportunities far more than yon do.
Germans, for instance, are constantly
sending out large numbers of emi-
grants to the islands. In Manila alone
there are fully 7.000 Germans engaged
in various industries, and a savings
bank was recently opened for their
benefit. You won't find an American
savings bank in the entiie country, and
if one were staited in Manila it is
doubtful if it would pay, owing to the
small number of Americans there. I
don't think there are more tiian 2,000
of them in Manila, and few are of tlie
saving class.

"Again, in Bulacan there is a 10,000
acre hemp estate adjoining mine. It is
owned by a French syndicate, and the
labor employed on it is all French,
some <iOO men. I would be equally as
patriotic on my estate in the matter of
labor hire, if I could only sscuie
American help, but it isn't to be had
at any price. In Bulacan the popula-
tion is about S,000, and there are not a
score of Americans. The majority of
the population are, of course, natives,
the foreign element numbering little
more than 3,000.

"It is time now that we had indus-

trial strength in the islands, and it is
only right to expect that it should con-
sist in the greater part of American
labor and enterprise. At present the
foreign population of the Philippines
exceeds American by almost 14 to 1.
Does that look as if America was a
colonizing nation V

NEW YORK PRICES

Wisconsin Havana seed. Wrappers
for binders, Vi — lf<

Havana seed wrappers, B's. — 11

Connecticut broadleaf fillers, .") — 10
Seconds, 2.5 — 3.5

Wrappers, 30—70

Havana seed fillers. 5 S

Medium and dark, 15 — 30

Seconds, 2.5—30

Light wrappers, 60 — 70

New York State fillers, 3 — 5

Fine selections, 25 — 36

Average running lots, .5 — 13

Ohio Zimmer's Spanish, 1.5 — 10

Gebhart B's, —12

Little Dutch, ' 10—12

Pennsylvania Bioadleaf, 3 — 5

Broadleaf B's, — ]:i

Janesville, Wisconsin

For the week nothing has transpired
here in leaf tobacco circles that would
cause any great comment either for
the good or bad. and yet there have
been more and better deals made in the
past two weeks than were made a year

ago in the same mouth, and all of
these deals have been in the old goods
line. Election seems to be a more
important subject at present, and
until the results of it are passed by,
very little can be expected to be done
in this section.

The Indian summer weather that
has prevailed here for the past two
weeks has put the hanging leaf in a
very dry condition, and nothing can be
expected to be done along those lines,
and so with these two ruling draw-
backs at hand there is nothing left to
be done but wait.

ostal

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I The Postal will be sent on i week's trial.

[ Writetor our Booklet & Installment Plan ]

REMOVAL NOTICE

The favor which ihc Postal met sin
I first appeared on the market l8 months
ago, has necessitated a larger factory,
which we now have at NorwaIk,Conn. ,

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Sales- ' 1140 Broad'y, NewYork
rooms (115 Dearborn St. Chicago

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PIPE

New 2 in.. Full Leng-ths at 9Kc.; Second Hand, 2 in., 7J^c.; iVb in., 5Kc.
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PIPE CUTTERS

NEW SAUNDERS
No. 1, Jl.OO; No.

PATTERN

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STOCKS AND DIES
STILLSON WRENCHES
PIPE VISES _
GARDEN HOSE
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NEW ECONOMY

No. 1, S3.00, No. 2, S4.00.

NEW
S1.6S. 24 inch, S2.40.

NEW
1, HINGED, S2.25.

NEW a in., Guaranteed lUO lbs. Water Pressure
7J2C. per foot; not Guaranteed, 4^c. per foot.

New, 16x24, Double. American Glass, S3.10 per Box; 16x18, 14x20
Double, »2.88: 12x16, Single, S2.30; 10x12 and 8x10, Sing-le, S2.15.

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^6e New C^n^land
Tobacco Grower

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, DECEMBER. 1904

At St. IvOuis

Impressions of a Tobacco Journal Keporter at
tKe Exposition

TO one who knows the enormity
of the tobacco industry with
all its raiuitications in this
country, the amount of at-
tention given the great industry at the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition seems
jialtry. What is there shown of to-
bacco in its various forms will never
impress the layman with the fact that
tobacco IS one of the greatest sources
of revenue and wealth this country
jiossesses. Be this due to the inactivity
of the individual members of the trade,
or to the prosaic environments of the
leaf, or to the internal revenue laws, is
not the subject of discussion at prei^ent.

At the outset it should be noted that
some states foremost as tobacco-grow-
ing and manufacturing centers, are
not at all, or only in a very insigniti-
cant way, represented. Wisconsin,
for instance, had not a single leaf of
its well-known binder varieties. Struck
with this absence your representative
asked an official the reason of this, and
he was informed that the persons in
charge of the state exhibition could
not airange terms with the tobacco
packers and growers. Ohio, apart
from a few hands of seed leaf, has no
display of its Zimmer Spanish, or |^of
the Burley it grows. New York state
has exactly one exhibit, that of John
Brand & Company, of Elmira. Cuba,
with its famous Havana, the writer
must have overlooked, although he
searched diligently.

Manufactured cigars, the work ot
those big factories which turn out the
greatest percentage of smokers made
in this country, are conspicuous by
their absence. With a few exceptions
the same holds true of foreign manu-
factures.

The chief display of the tobacco in-
dustry, iu fact almost the entire dis-
play, is located in the Agricultural
building. The separate states give it
as much prominence as their interest
warrant, but well in the center of the
enormous building there is a large
e.xhibit and. in a way, a very attrac-
tive one, combining the various phases
of the industry.

The exhibit has for its decorations
granulatel tobacco glued on the vari-
ous pillars and pasts employed in con-
structing the designs. Tennessee has
a fine show of the export grades a large
number of cases containing sample

hands. Growing plants aie also in
evidence.

Maryland has a large monument in
this same exhibit with an Indian smok-
ing the pipe of peace. The material
whereof the design is constructed is so
covered with granulated tobacco as to
give the effect of a solid mass. The
Maryland planters also have a display,
showing a large barn containing hands
of Korth Carolina, Virginia and Con-
necticut tobaccos.

In this department is also located
the display of Oalixto Lopez & Com-
pany, who were awarded the grand
prize. It has already been fully
described in the US. Tobacco Journal.
The Havana Tobacco Company,
Partagas & Company, and the United
Cigar Manufacturers have attiactive
displays in the immediate neighbor-
hood. W. A. Brown's Log Cal)iii
brand is also neatly shown, a model
cigar factory is in operation, and
Harvey & Outerbridge are conducting
a tobacco factory, all in the same
territory.

Kentucky has a very fine display of
her pride, Burley. Models show liow
the seed is sown in beds, how the
plants are transferred to the field, the
growing tobacco, how it is housed and
hung in the barns how it is packed and
sent to the '"breaks" and how it is
there handled on the warehouse floors.
It is the most complete tobacco exhibit
at the fair. Dark tobacco and the
manufactured plug are also shown.

In the various departments of this
display, which is really the only one
devoted to toljacco, the different grades
of leaf together with cigars and cigar-
ettes are set forth as representative of
the industry. With the exception of
the Burley display and that of Ten-
nessee foreign market product they are
scarcely typical.

In the various state and foreign
country departments of the Agricul-
tural building additional exhiliits are
brought out. Missouri shows some leaf
tobacco for cigarette wrapper purpo.ses
and the Galloway Company a case of
Burley hands. Maryland has a glass
case with hands of various kinds of
tobacco also two growing plants.

Pennsylvania has a very good ex-
hibit. The Lancaster Growers' Asso-
ciation has an entire side of the
allotted space setting forth samples of

Havana Seed Lancaster leaf, bioadleaf
and seed leaf. A regulation case of
tobacco but made of glass is promi
nently placed so that the visitors can
see the way the tobacco is packed.
Several cases of cigars are also shown
as well as a large number of j)hot<i
graphs showing various views of the
industry.

New York's exhibit which is directly
opposite has just one di.spla3' as already
noted. John Brand & Company are
the sole exhibitors with a variety of
samples of medium wrappers and fine
fillers. Indiana has a few hands of
tobacco grown in Switzerland county
and Connecticut has a case of samples.

The other tobacco growing states
have not deemed it necessary to pay
any attention to the leaf.

The Canadian exhibit of tobacco is
interesting. The province of Quebec
displays leaves of the 1901 crop with
the accompanying statistics that it
amounted to 7,65.5.97.'> pounds. A case
of Queen's Navy chewing plug ex-
emplifies the manufactured article. A
large number of cases show the vari-
eties of white Burley grown in the
province of Ontario, also samples of
Little Dutch, Zimmer Spanish, Con-
necticut seed leaf. Blue Prior, Quesnel
and Havana seed.

The Mexican display contains lo
cases and kiosks of cigars, cigarettes,
and Turkish tobacco, including brands
of Balso Hermanos, Cortez Hermandez
& Company; Barbio Brothers; Besa-
.jcito & Compan5', and Madrazo &
Corrales. Two cases ot leaf tobacco
and a case of cigarette paper completed
the exhibit, which was tastily arranged.

In the Porto Rico department a view
of Durlacli Brothers" plantation at
Caguas is the most interesting feature.
Cigars from the factories of Infanzony
Rodriguez, of San Juan, and Angel
Eapada, are neatly arranged in cases
as are a full line of sample carrots of
the leaf grown on the island. In
Nicaragua, Antonio Bernal, of Santa
Rosa de Copan, has an upright case of
leaf samples, the one side showing first
and second-class tobacco and the other
side, third class samples. In the
Nicaragua building proper Vincente
Garcia, of Leon, has a display of cigars
and tobacco. Japan shows some l)ig
carrots and a case of cigarettes.

For the Orient

Eight hundred hogsheads of leaf to-
bacco weighing o,200 tons and valued
at .1960,000, will soon be shipped from
Portland, Oregon, to the Orient by one
of the Portland and Asiatic liners.
The tobacco fills eighty cars.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Fertilization of Tobacco

Plant Peculiarly Affected by Source of
Its Food Elements

TIHE comiuercial importance of
the tobacco crop can well be
.^— seen when it is stated that it
B^P ranks fifth among the crops in
pTIhT^f value, the eleventh census
-iviug tue value of the manufactured
products of tobacco for the country as
$300 000,000, or nearly one-haK the
value of the product of .the flour mills
The plant has a wide range of adapt-
ability to soils and climates, and tor
this reason is grown over a wide extent
of teiritory. But like most other cul-
tivated crops it is more grateful tor
certain conditions of climate and soil
than for others. The plant is very
sub.iect to change in characteristics ot
soil, especially the physical character-
istics, and to climate, and soon shows
variation in the quality of leaf when
subjected to changes in these condi-
tions. Methods of cultivation and
fertilizing also introc uce factors which
make for good or bad in the quality ot
the leaf produced.

The work of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture has conclu-
sively shown that the character of to-
bacco grown in any soil is very
dependent ou the average mean moist-
ure condition. Of cigar leaf tobacco
we may conventionally divide the pro-
ducing states into two classes: viz.
"wrapper" .states, and "filler" states.
For the former production the soils
are of fine texture, light in color, and
have a low moisture content; they
have a large sand content and small
clay content, and are, therefore, warm,
early soils. The filler soils are the
reverse of this, being heavier, and
carrying a high moisture content, and
carry 2b to ;!0 per cent, of clay. They
are more fertile and produce a heavier
and coarser crop.

The tobacco crop is one of the rank-
est of feeders of any crop that can be
gro^n by the farmer, which readily
explains why it has come to be known
as -hard on the soil. " Yet where one
has soils tliat are suited to the crop,
it is a very profitable crop to grow, and
by the judicious use of commercial
plant loot and the practice of rotation
will return to the grower a handsome
profit.

The analysis of the plant itself shows
the direction which this fertilizing
should take. Dr. .lenkins, of the Con-
necticut Experiment Station, one of
the best authorities on the subject of
tobacco fertilization, estim. tes the
three essentials removed from the soil
as follows, the figures expressing
pounds per acre: Phosphoric acid, 16
pounds; nitrogen, 100 pounds; and
potash. 1.50 pounds While it is true
that tobacco grown in difEeient sections
of the country will differ in some
respects from this Connecticut ^grown
sample, yet taking into account the

other work done along the same line,
it may be conch ded that "the demands
of the crop for phosphoric acid are
small, for nitrogen they are large, but
the greatest demand is for potash-in
fact, greater than that of any other
cultivated plant."

Taking this as a basis, and allowing
tor the necessary mechanical and
chemical losses which occur in all fer-
tilizing, the proportion of ingredients
which can well be employed in making
up the proper ration for a tobacco crop,
we may say ;

Nitrogen about five per cent.
Potash abcut nine per cent. ,
Available Phosphoric Acid four
per cent.
Tobacco is perhaps more affected by
the source of the fertilizer ingredients
than almost any plant grown agricul-
turally. It is extremely sensitive to
the presence of considerable propor-
tions of chlorine, the leaf being
affected unfavorably. For this reason
the potash should always be in the
form of high grade sulphate, since this
is practically free from chlorine. Both
the muriate of potash and kainit carry
large percentage of chlorin and thus
are to be avrided for tobacco fertiliza-
tion.

As to nitrogen, experience teaches
that the best results are obtained by
supplying it in several applications
during the season, hence the practice
should be to apply nitrate of soda, or
dried blood only in pait in the early
part of the season and to make another
application after the plants are well
started. But the full quantity ot
phosphoric acid and potash can be sup-
plied at one time before seeding.

In all of these cases it is far prefer-
able to use the high grades of plant
food rather than the cheaper, and thus
secure a better quality of goods and
have less material upon which to pay
freight and handling. The best form
in which to secure the phosphoric acid
is the high grade super-phosphate. As
for the nitrogen, the quick-acting
nitrate of soda has been mentioned
above; other forms available are dried
blood anl cottonseed meal, both of
wliich are popular with tobacco grow-
ers. Tiie source of phosphoric acid has
already been indicated. It should be
borne in mind that the surface of
potash carries but 50 per cent, of its
weight of actual potash, and a propor-
tionate allowance should be made.

G. W. S.

SOUTHERN TOBACCO

A Louisville dispatch says; Auction
sales of tobacco on the Louisville
market last week were extremely liglit.
Leaf Tobacco Exchange warehouses re-
porting a total of only 154 hogsheads.

Private sales amounted to 4.")8 hogs-
heads, nearly all of which was dark
tobacco. The total for the week is
012, smaller than for almost any week
in the year.

Stocks of unsold tobacco in the
Louisville market are large, and are
mainly dark and Green River types,
but there is a disposition on the part
of the buyers to await the opening of
the new crop season. Total sales for
the year now amount to 98, 0.'O hogs-
heads, as compared with 97,814 for Ihe
corresponding period last year. Sales
of new crop since the opening of the
last season have amounted to y8,.')39
hogshead, of which 76,02(; were
original inspections.

Rejections fur the week amounted
to (io hogsheads, or 43 per cent of the
offerings by auction. Receipts for the
week were 316 hogsheads and for the
year to date, 78,962 hogsheads.

During the week nine hogsheads of
new crop tobacco were sold, seven of
hurley and two dark. Thus far only
32 hogsheads of new crop have been
sold here this season, ot which 26 were
hurley an! six dark. These figures
compare with 120 hogsheads of builey
and l.iO of dark sold up to the same
date in 1903. The season up to the
piesent time has been even more un-
propitious than that of last year toi the
movement of the crop to market.

As to prices, there is practically no
change to repoit in hurley. The high-
est price realized for new crop during
the week was 113 per hundred weight.
The market in dark tobacco developed
no new features. Not only were the
offeiings small, but the percentage of
rejections larger than usual.

Austrian Monopoly

The Austrian governineut gained
from its tobacco monopoly in 1902 the
enormous sum of $27,000,000. Cigar-
ette smoking has increased in the
country, while the snuff habit has fall-
en oft' two-thi'-ds.

m

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FAIRBANKS-MORSE

Gasoline Engines

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PULLEYS, SHAFTING AND BELTING

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WINDMILLS, TANKS

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Pipe, Fittings and Hose.

In writing for Catalogue j.leaso specify which
one yon want.
We make a specialty of Water Supply Out-
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174 HICH ST., BOSTON, MASS.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

IT

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INCORPORATED

Growers and PacKers
of Leaf Tobacco

SUMATRA (Grown under ClotH) CUBAN

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Express, Telegraph and Freight

Jtddress: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 52'I4

TARIFFVILLE

Connecticut

Jl

St. Louis Awards

T'wo Premiums Granted for Tobacco Gro'^vn in
Connecticut

A^^^T the Louisiana Pnrcbase Ex-
position, as mentioned in tlie
I November issue of The New
j^^l England Tobacco Grower,
there were two awards for tobacco
grown in Connecticut, and these, with
one prize for a Georgia farm in the
Quincy district, were the only awards
for the cultivation of cigar wrapper to
be won by the recognized wrapper dis-
tricts of the United States.

The two awards for Connecticut are
a grand prize for the Connecticut state
exhibit of tobacco, prepared by the
committee of which Edmund Halladay
of Suffield was chairman; and a grand
prize for the Bureau of Soils of the
Department of Agriculture at Wash-
ington for its exhibition of shade-
grown Connecticut tobacco, the win-
ning leaf being that produced from
Cuban seed.

The jury which made the awaids
was as follows: Marcus L. Floyd,
Tariffville. (.'onnecticut chairman; Dr.
Gaston A. Cuadrado, Havana, Cuba,
vice chairman; Oscar Thompson,
Brazil, secretary; C. D. Lyon. George-
town. Ohio; R. C. Faber. New York;
Richard Reiss, Germany; E. A. Hail,

and F. William H. Hahn <if Louis-
ville, Kentucky; Hitoshi Nakamura,
Tokyo, Japan. During the determina-
tion of the awards for Connecticut to-
bacco, the chairman, Mr.Floyd, retired
from the room, the vice-chairman act-
ing in his place.

Gold medals were awarded Milton
Whitney, Chief of the Bureau of Soils,
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, and George T. MacNess, who has
charge of the tobacco investigations of
the bureau, for their work in connec-
tion with tobacco culture.

1903 Goods

Some New York City packers have
been looking over new samples of 190:^
Wisconsin seed. This tobacco shows
up very light leaf, and will no doubt
meet with favor. Owing to the l)ig
percentage of off goods, the price for
clean, sound home trade packings mu t
rule very high in order to yield a profit
to the packer. The fact is that very
little suitable Wisconsin Havana seed
of iyO'2 is still in the market, and as
no other state has produced any
particularly line binder loaf, 1908 Wis-
consin is bound to have a call; but.

as said above, manufactn)ers must be
prepared to pay a high figure if they
want to secure a clean, sound leaf.

The 1903 Pennsylvania broadleaf is
in active deaiand, and Western jobbers
who have bought are do'ng well. The
1908 Zimraer Spanish which has been
on the market for th e last week or so
has been pronounced a highly flavored
tobacco, and some of it has already
found its way into the jobbers' hands.

Still the call is for Connecticut Ha-
vana seed seconds and light wrappers,
but stocks of any suitable goods of
this class are exhausted. The demand
for Connecticut broadleaf has some-
what subsided. Nevertheless, good
crops are still being eagerly sought
after, and they are not any too plenti-
ful any more.

Wapping

George Murdock has leased the
Brown farm which he now occupies
for another year, with the privilege of
leasing it for five year.s. Mr. Brown
is building a barn.

Mr. Murdock has been employed
building a three-acre shed for Edward
Wells.

Judson Lord has sold his 1904 crop
of tobacco to L. B. Haas of Hartford
for 32>^ cents 'sorted.

A tobacco buyer who was in town
recently states that there are about 20
acres of tobacco held by the farmers
from Burnside through Long Hill to
Wapping.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

PHilippine Tariff

Secretary Taft's Side of Proposition to Favor
Filipinos at Our Expense

(\Vaslii]ij.rlon Corres])oiidence of llie New Vork Sun.)

S" ECKETARY TAFT has ex-
plained to the Cabinet nieiii-
liers wh}' lie thought the

readjustment of the tariff iu

the islands should be left solely to the
merubers of the Philippine Coninns-
sion. The needs of the islands are
better known to them, and Mr. Taft is
in favor of giving the commission a
free hand in the matter. This cannot
be done without the express authority
of Congress, and it is a serious question
whether the House will be willing to
delegate any of its rights in matters
affecting the revenues, even of the
insular posses-sions of the country.

Iu his forthcoming report Secretary
Taft will make urgent recommenda-
tion to Congress that the tariff' on im-
ports from the Philippines be reduced.
He favors entire free trade between
the islands and the mainland, but in
view of the fact that this probably can-
not be attained for some years he will
recommend a reduction on sugar and
tobacco tariffs to not more than 00 per
cent, of the Dingley tariff rates and a
removal of the tariff on all other im-
ports from the islands. Secretary Taft
will also recommend that the Philip-
pine Government be empowered to
revise the tariff of the islands in
accordance with the changes suggested
recently.

In the last Congress a bill to reduce
the tariff on Philippine imports to 3.'>
per cent, of the Dingley rates passed
the House, and was sent to the Senate.
The Senate committee offered amend-
ments fixing the rates on tobacco and
sugar at 50 per cent, of the Dingley
rates, and removing the tariff entirely
on other imports from the islands.
This bill was favc^i'ed by a large
uia.iority in both branches of Congress,
and would doubtless have passed had
it not been for the congestion of busi-
ness in the closing days due to the
debate on the Statehood bill. It is
now believed that Congress will look
favorably upon a renewal of the propo-
sition at the coming session.

The strong opposition to entire free
trade between the islands and the
mainland comes from the sugar and
tobacco interests, which fear the com-
petition of the Philippines. The Sec-
retary of War and the Bureau of In-
sular Affaira regard this fear as
groundless in view of the fact that the
United States must in any event im-
port approximately 1,000,000 tons of
sugar in excess of the amount furnished
by Cuba and American possessions,
and that Philippine tobacco is of such
a peculiar quality that it will not sup-
plant the Cuban or American leaf.

It is pointed out at the War Depart-
ment that on July 1, 1906, trade be-
tween the Philippines and the United

States will be restricted by law to
American bottoms. This, while bene-
ficial to the merchant marine, will
result in increased freight rates, at
least until more American shipping
enters the field, and even if there were
absolute free trade between the con-
tinent and the islands, the benefit to
importers would be off.set by the in-
creased carrying charges. A reduction
in the tariff' on the principal products
of the Philippines is therefore, in the
opinion of Secretary Taft, not only
desirable, but a matter of justice to
the traders with the islands, who will
be compelled to confine their business
to American ships.

The only discrimination iu favor of
the United States in its trade with the
Philippines is the rebate of |7 per ton
allowed on direct shipments of hemp.
This rebate is made by the Philippine
Government and the cost is borne b}'
the insular government and not by the
United States. In the fiscal year ended
June SO, 1903, the loss to the Philip-
pine treasury through this rebate was
about 1400,000, with corresponding
benefits to American hemp importers.
It is understood that the rebate for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1904, will
amount to $350,000.

It is now reported that (jreat
Britain, France and Canada have
arranged to pay bounties to Philippine
hemp importers in those countries,
amounting to |7 per ton, thus offset-
ting the advantage enjoyed by Ameri-
can importers. A radical change is
therefore to be expected in the hemp
business which v.'ili probably return to
its old lines, with the possessors of the
market at Liverpool instead of New
York. While the American importers
enjoyed the exclusive |7 per ton rebate
they revolutionized the hemp trade,
divertins; the bulk of the shipments
from Liverpool to the United States.
Direct shipments of hemp to the
United States have already fallen off' as
a result of the encouragement offered
by foreign countries to their own im-
porters.

GROWING IN IRELJtND

A correspondent writes that he has
seen Col. Nugent liverard's tobacco
crop and curing barn in Randalstown,
County Meath, Ireland. The produce
of twenty acres, amounting to over
14,000 pounds weight of tobacco leaf,
is undergoing a process of curing, dry-
ing, and preparing for packing, in
hogsheads, preparatory to being
despatched to manufacturers. Re-
markable succe.ss has attended this
extensive effort at Irish tobacco grow-
ing. It is the first time that the ex-
lieriment has been thoroughly made,
as previously curing and drying had to

be done away from the locality where
the tobacco was grown, and many
mistakes operated against the project.
In the present case the Department
of Agriculture is defraying the cost —
1 1,000 — of tlie curing and drying shed,
which is heated artificially, and
Colonel Everard is otherwise carrying
out the experiments at his own ex-
pense. An American expert, Professor
Harper, of the University of Kentucky,
is at present superintending the opera-
tion, and he pronounced the leaf to be
of excellent (luality, equal to that of
Virginia and Kentucky. Colonel
Everard has calculated the Cost of pro-
duction and the prices which Dublin
manufacturers have estimated the to-
bacco will fetch, and he is now con-
vinced that, even paying the full duty,
tobacco can be a thoroughly remunera-
tive crop.

Cuban Yagua Law

United States Minister Squires re-
ports from Havana:

''A law prohibiting the exportation
of yaguas was published in tne Gar, id
Ofirinl of September T, 1904. Yaguas
are the thin, brown, netliUe coverings
of leaves growing around the fruit of
the palm bearing that name. They
grow large enough to wrap up fifteen
or twenty cigars, which are thereby
kept moist and given a particular and
much appreciated fragrance.

"The law was framed to prevent the
exportation of this wrapper to countries
producing a tobacco inferior to that of
Cuba, but which, by using the Cuban
wrapper, are able to place their cigars
on the market as Cuban, thus lower-
ing the piesent high standard of that
most important Cuban production.
The quantity of yaguas exported dur-
ing the year lOO'o was 132 tons, of
which 65 tons were exported to the
United States and 64 tons to Ger-
many."

Cuban Export Stamp

President Palma has granted the
petition of the union of manufacturers
to allow it to have a stamp with the
Cuban coat of arms put on each box of
cigars e.xported from the Island of
Cuba, and this will be a guarantee to
the smoker that each box contains
legitimate Havana cigars made in
Cuba. Any falsification of this stamp
will be punished the same as counter-
feiting the United States Government
stamp.

STUDIO

103«> MA.IN ST., HAR.TFORD

Leading Artist in Photo^rapky
av^d Gei\eral Portraiture.

Our pliotoKTaplis .ire inM "shade" {.Town 1ml
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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

El^ssex ^Special Tobacco
Manure

and

Tobacco

Starter

LTHOUGH the prices of chemicals have ad-
vanced very much during the past season, \vc
guarantee to keep the analyses of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand-
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bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight and a large percentage
of light goods in all seasons. CBuy our Tobacco
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Su.tnaitra

Customs Frauds

Leaf inters New YorR With tKe Aid
of Immigrants

A NOVEL luethotl of bringing
Sumatra tobacco leaf iuto the
United States without pay-
ment of duty has been
biougbt to the notice of tlie Custom-
House officials at New York. The
Treasury Depaitment at Washington
has assigned two of its best agents to
work on the case. It is estimated that
Sumatra leaf valued at |100,000 has
entered this port iu the last three
months by this scheme:

Emigrants sailing from Bremen.
Hamburg, Amsterdam, Rotterdam,
Antwerp and other Dutch and German
ports have been given a card, which
is printed in German and Hebrew and
reads as follows; "Before you leave
apply to Anton Masser, at the Hay-
maiket, for information and a hand-
some present." In this way the inno-
cent emigrant is brought to the office
of the shrewd smuggler.

The agents of Antou Masser tell the
emigrant of the dangers of the great
American cities and how to obtain
en>ployment. Then to the emigrant,
if he or she looks safe enough, is given
a package about eighteen inches long
and about twenty-four inches in cir-

cumference. It is securely wrapped
and tied by a strong cord. Its cover-
ing is a colored paper. The victim is
cautioned not to open the package
until he is outside of the Barge Office
in New York; also that a friend of
Anton Masser may meet him at the
Barge Office, and in order to be dis-
tinguished from outsiders he is in-
structed to have the package so it can
easily be seen by the agent.

Tlie honest immigrant carries out
the instructions to the letter in most
cases, When the Barge Officer is
reached an agent of Anton Masser
steps forward and requests the immi-
grant to turn over the package to him.
Once the foreigner gives up the pack-
age, it is quiclily out of sight in
pos.session of the smuggler's agent.

Some ships have carried over as
many as 700 to 1,000 immigrants dur-
ing the last three months, and a good
portion are said to have had the so-
called "presents" from Masser. A
sharp lookout is now being kept by' the
Secret Service men.

Agent Clayton, of the Treasury De-
partment, in charge of the local
division, refuses to state to what

extent the smuggling had been going
on before discovered.

Mid-November Market

As far as domestic leaf is concerned
in New York, the lyO;;i Pennsylvania
broad leaf and Zimmer Spanish take
the lead, and some large transactions
In each have been recorded. The Iflo:!
Wisconsin is now appearing on tlie
market. Packers in order to make a
profit have to ask pretty good figures
on account of the enormous iiuantity
of damaged leaf which had to be
thrown out. Packers of new Connecti-
cut are said to be somewhat dis
appointed on sorting out some crops
they have purchased, as they do not
yield the peicentage of wrappers ex-
pected.

Sumatra — The Sumatra market
lias been very steady during the past
week, and a number of noteworthy
transactions are reported. A fairly
wide range of choice is afforded by the
goods now in the market, barring, of
course, extremely light colors, and
buying promises to become freer in the
near future.

Havana— There has been more
activity in this line than for some
weeks past. The fact that with the
orders for the goods comes also the
orders for shipment, indicates that the
buying is by persons in immediate
need of the stock, and not for specula-
tive purposes.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^he New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

S3 Trumbull street,

Hartford Fire Insurance Building

Hartford^ Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
Ten Cents a Copy.

Official Journal of The New Eiigrland .
Tobacco Growers'* Association.

PAUL ACKERLY, Editor.

Volume VI.

Number 4.

Entered at the Hartford Post-OfBce as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, DECEMBER, 1904.

THE PHILIPP/MES

T TPON the proposition to further
^"^ reduce tlie duties on imports
from the Philippines, there is no
difference of opinion among the tobacco
growers of New England. Such a
proposition has the united opposition
of all the growers, and of all interested
in the welfare of the tobacco towns;
and it is encouraging to be able to add
that the tobacco trade of the United
States is likewise opposed to tliis
change of tariff.

The Taft idea, as nearly as it can be
ascertained between the trips of that
administrator between Manila. Wash-
ington, Panainacanalzone and other
American centres of population, is to
abolish the duties on all products from
the Philippines with the exception of
sugar and tobacco, for which he would
prescribe a duty of 25 per cent, of the
present Dingley duties. This plan,
replacing the present 75 per cent, tariff
arrangement, would, he believes add
greatly to the prosperity of the Philip-
pines and assist the government at
Manila in developing the resources of
the islands.

The idea plainly is to feed the Fili-
pino, whose special friends think he
should not be forced to fight on an
empty stomach; and the remonstrance
of the sugar and tobacco growing in-
dustries of the United States is against
being compelled to provide this Philip-
pine prosperity at their own personal
expense, for it is in direct competition
with these American products that the
Philippine imports will come should
the tariff be reduced as is proposed.

A new argument for the reduction
scheme is now advanced, and this curi-
ously enough is an attempt to prove
that the benefit of the reduction will
not accrue to the Filipinos but to the
owners of American vessels plying
between the United States and the
islands. This ingenious defence of
tlie free trade plan has been set forth
by the Bureau of Insular Affairs in the
aUsence of Secretary Taft. and is
described in the following dispatch
fioui a Washington correspondent to
the Boston Transcript:

Secretary Taft's trip to Panama pre-
vents his giving the usual attention
this year to his annual report, and
therefore he will refer in considerable
part to the report of the chief of the
Bureau of Insular Affairs, Colonel
Clarence R. Edwards, which is now
made public. This covers comprehen-
sively the work in the Philippines, and
is of interest to all students of our
colonial problems.

Colonel Edwards reiterates the plea
for a reduction of the tariff on sugar
and tobacco imported from the Philip-
pine Islands to not more than 25 per
cent, of the present Dingley rates on
those articles. In the last Congress a
bill to accomplish this passed the
House, and in the Senate was amended
so as to provide for free entry of all
products of the Philippine Islands into
the United States, except sugar and
tobacco, on which there was to be col-
lected 50 per cent, of the original
Dingley tariff' duties. This bill failed
to reach a vote in the Senate, due to
the peculiar legislative condition exist-
ing at the end of the session.

Twenty-five per cent, of the Dingley
tariff duties in itself will furnish,
Colonel Edwards believes, the full pro-
tection demanded by our apprehensive
interests. Besides, by recent act of
Congress, trade between the islands and
the United States after ,Tuly 1, 190(i,
will be confined to American bottoms,
with the resultant increase of freight
rates to the Philippines, which will
probably absorb or equal any amount
conceded in tariff' reduction. Thus
what the American taxpayer loses in
receipts from Philippine imports will
go to pay the higher cost of shipping,
under tne new restrictive law. The
Filipinos need the remission in duties
to offset the shipping bill.

TOWJtRD THE WJtREHOUSE

^XTHILE the dryness of the weather,
six weeks passing with scarcely
the slightest trace of dampness, has
tended to slow down the movement of
the tobacco from the shed to the ware-
house, the conditions of the trade are
such that following tlie damp the
transfer of the leaf will go ahead with
great rapidity.

When tobacco after curing, hangs in

the shed awaiting a damp, there is
naturally nothing to be gained by the
buyers in riding through the tobacco
towns, and so they go about their busi-
ness at the warehouses and to all ap-
pearances pay little attention to what
is going on in the country.

Such a situation ""naturnlly accom-
panied a period of dr}- weather, and
should lead to no apprehension as to
the market for the 190-1 crop. There
is no reason for stirring up activity on
the part of the buyers when there is
no tobacco damp enough to look at,
and consequently none is stirred up.

As to the tobacco in the warehouse,
there have been some reports that the
percentage of light goods Is not so
great as the purchasers hoped for when
they bought the crop, the inference
being that in the curing the tobacco
has turned darker in the shed. This
report will be used to talk down prices
on future purchases of tobacco in the
bundle, although it can be met with
the reply that crops bought in the un-
certain time of partial shed-cure can
have no bearing on purchases made
when tobacco is in the bundle and open
to thorough inspection.

All this is an argument in favor of
selling in the bundle, since this method
permits the prospective buyer to judge
of the goods and bid for the crop with-
out making allowance for unseen
defects, as he must when buying in
the shed. It is obviously best for tlie
grower to have tlie buyer suited with
his bargain, since the cultivation of
wrapper tobacco is not the mere
achievement of a sharp sale of a single
crop; but rather the building up of
reputation and trade for the product
of the grower's farm year after year.

Disputes are common enough in all
branches of agriculture; the selling of
leaf tobacco is not free from wrangling
and disagreements; and the delaying
of sales until the leaf is in the bundle
is one of the ways toward avoiding
many of these disputes.

WHY LIGHT WRAPPERS

T^O one really understands the thing
^ called Fashion, and in the cigar
trade tuis phenomenon is just as mys-
terious as in anything else where
goods aie bought for reasons of style or
from fancy and not reason.

The usual explanation for the vogue
of the light wrapper is that the public
taste has changed in favor of milder to-
bacco. To accept this explanation is
to show that the public taste is not in-

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

telligently manifested, ami that the
smokers know less of what they want
and what they get for their money
than the buyers of any other article
known to commerce.

Because the cigar must he consumeil
as it comes from the box, with its
wrapper intact, it happens that the
wrapper is the only part of the cigar
that can be examined by the purchaser.
And seemingly, the average smoker
can not, in smoking, determine for
himself the quality of the filler. For
if the cigar have a blonde wrapper, the
average smoker imagines he is enjoy-
ing a mild cigar, and if the cigar
happens to be dark in its outer cover-
ing, no sense of smell or taste will con-
vince him that it is not a strong, strong
filler,- — a cigar of the kind the villain
smokes in the story book, under the
phrase '"a big, black cigar.''

Certain it is that the filler fixes the
strength or mildness of the cigar; and
just as certain it is that in the manu.
facture ot a given brand, the tiller all
comes from the same bin. Once the
filler is selected for the brand, it goes
alike inside the wrapper of the madurt)
and the claro: and, incidentally, into
the ten-cent and the fifty-cent in-
vincible of the same brand.

Yet when the cigar reaches the con-
sumer, and before the smoker has it
fairly lighted, he has remarked to
himself the mildness of the cigar, if
its wrapper be light, or its strong
flavor, if the wrapper be dark.

Years ago, apparently, the cigar
manufacturers discovered that the
cigar smoker was easily pleased; that
with a multiplicity of brands ami
labels, and a variety of wrapper shades
to please his fancy, he was just as well
satisfied as if the grading of filler was
manipulated to suit his preference
within the brand, and so it goes.

New England growers hold the field
in the production of light wrappers,
and the very mysteriousness of the
cigar consumer's taste or lack of taste
works to the advantage of the growers
of tobacco in the Connecticut and
Housatonic Valleys,

Early planting means a lot of atten-
tion to the seed-bed. That's a good
place for a lot of attention. Few
farmers fail because they spend too
much time at the seed-bed.

Waiting for a damp has been a
chance for the tobacco grower to dis-
play his patience.

The early-planted crop not only has
warm weather for its fermentation and
curing in the shed, but likewise is
more apt to find a damp before later
tobacco is cured free from fat stems.

CUT-- WORM REMEDY

Two years' experiments in Ohio to-
bacco fields are reported to prove that
loss of plants by cut-worms can be
prevented with turpentine.

The plan is to use only two or three
tablespooufuls of turpentine to each
barrel of water that is distributed by
the transplanting machine. The tur-
pentine is thus very much diluted, and
is placed at the roots of the plant just
at the proper time to be obnoxious to
the cut-worm.

The quantity prescribed seems to be
very small, but it is stated that it is
sufficient. The tests showed that the
plants set out with machine containing
the turpentine-treated water were not
disturbed by cut-worms, while others,
planted without any such treatment,
in the same field, and set out at the
same time, were badly damaged by
cut-worms.

FLORlDJt'S FUTURE

The Quincy (Florida) Herald and
Era says:

J. Altschnl, of Chicago, father of
our fellow townsman, Oscar Alstchul,
who is a prominent cigar manufacturer,
is in this city mingling business and
pleasure for a week.

In a recent interview concerning the
future prospects for the Florida-grown
Havana and Sumatra tobacco Mr.
Altschul said that the Florida product
was rapidly growing in popularitj', and
that he thought in a few years the
demand would be so ranch increased
that growers would have no dilficulty
in disposing of all they raise at good
lirices.

He called attention to the fact that
there has been and is still much preju-
dice against Florida-giown tobacco,
and that much of this prejudice was
well founded, because the business of
growing tobacco in Florida has been
much of an experiment until the last
few years, when improved methods
and eciuipments have brought the
Florida toljacco up to a point little less
than perfection; and while he feels
confident that the future success of the
Florida tobacco is assured, he does not
think it wise to increase the produc-
tion for two or three years yet or until
a market for the cigars made from
Florida-grown stock is flrmlj- estab-
lished and prejudices more fully over-
come.

The opinion of Mr. Altschul on this
subject is of special interest to our to-
bacco growers, because they are not
formed from hearsay or from theory,
but from personal oljservation and ex-
perience. Having been in the cigar
business forty years and doing a large
wholesale business in nearly all of the
principal cities of the United States,

he is in a positif.n to know whereof he
speaks.

Perhaps no man has done more to
make Florida tobacco pojiular among
consumers than has Mr. Altschul, and
the fact that his goods, which are almost
entirely manufactured from Florida
stock, are daily growing in demand is
conclusive evidence that his opinion as
to its increasing popularity is well
founded.

Porto Rican Yaguas

.Since Cuba has stopped the export of
yaguas, the small supply of the article
rciiuired in the United States will
come from Porto Rico, where the palm
grows as in Cuba. An ad\antage that
Porto Rico has in such trade is that
the shipments come to the United
States without the customs house
formalities necessary when the iinf.or-
tations were made from Cuba.

Westfield

There is very little doing in the to-
bacco business in Westfield at this
writing, on account of dry weather.
More than one-half the crop is still
hanging on the poles. Growers aie
waiting for damp weather.

.John C. Buschmaun has started his
warehouse with twenty-five men anci
boys, paying $l.."iO per day.

Windsor Locks

The tobacco crop is being vexatiously
delayed owing to lack of rain. Aside
from this, the ciop this year bids fair
to be a large one. This lack of rain is
not of a serious nature. It merely
causes a delay of the crop, but does
not threaten its ultimate success.

New England Tobacco
Growers' Association.

President
EDMUND HJtLhJtDMY, Suffield, Conn.

Vice-President

THJtDDEVS GRJtVES, Hatfield, Mass.

Secret:iry and Treasurer

PMVL MCKERLY, Rockvitle, Conn.

Oftice

S3 Trumbull Street, Hartford, Conn.

Directors.

Wm. F. Andross, South Windsor, Conn.
Joseph H. Pierce, Enfield, Conn.
M. W. Frisbie, Southington, Conn.
William S. Pinney, Suffield, Conn.
H. W. Alford, Poquouock, Conn.
Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor, Conn.

B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.
F. K. Porter, Hatfield, Mass.
Albert Hurd. North Hadley. Mass.
J. C. Carl, Hatfield, Mass.

C. M. Hubbard, Sunderland, Mass.
W. H. Porter, Agawam, Mass.
Lyman A. Crafts, East Whately, Mass.
James S Forbes. Biunside, Conn.
George 0. Eno, Siinsbury, Conn.

W. E. Burbank, Suffield." Conn.
E.C. Hills, Southwick, Mass.
James Morgan, Hartford, Conn.
H. Austin, Suffield, Conn.
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass
H. S. Frye, Poquonock, Conn.

to

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Adam H. Theobald

DeatK ii> PhiladelpKia of tKe Veteran
Cigar Man\ifacttirer

AIDAM H. THEOBALD, who
about forty-five years ago
I fouudecl the business now
-^^^1 carried on as the Theobald &
Oppenheimer Co., died in Philadelphia,
November 1, at the age of 78.

Though Mr. Theobald retired from
actual business some years ago, he was,
when his health permitted, a frequent
visitor along Third street, and his
venerable figure, active despite bis age.
always brought forth warm greetings
from his many friends in tobacco
circles. In him the trade has lost one
of the grand old men of the business
and one who, ever progressive and
wideawake, was by his example a great
help to the present generation.

Mr. Theobald, who had been con-
nected with the cigar industry all his
life, first embarked in business for
himself in 1860 in a small factory at
Third and Poplar streets. In a few
years he moved to Seventh street and
Girard avenue and in 1873 associated
with him as a partner A. Oppenheimer
under the firm name of Theobald in
Oppenheimer. The business continued
to increase, and in 1881 the factory
was moved to a building on Third
street, near Arch, which, though con-
siderable space haf since been added
and a number of other factories have

been opened by the firm iu Pennsyl-
vania and Tampa, is still the main
headquarteis of the concern.

The partnership of Theobald &
Oppenheimer continued until 1896,
when Mr. Theobald and his son Morris
D., who had in the meanwhile received
an interest, retired, and the business
was continued under the same name
by Oppenheimer and Oeorge E. Hpotz,
the latter a son-in-law of Mr. Theobald
and for many years actively identified
with the business. This par'neiship
lasted until 1899, when Mr. Oppen-
heimer retired and the business was
taken over by the present corporation
of the Theobald & Oppenheimer Co.,
with Mr. Spotz as its head.

Mr. Theobald was born in Ilbesheim,
(lermany, on April 15, 1837, and came
to this country at the age of seventeen,
arriving in New York July 4, 1844.
He learned the cigarmaker's trade at
Htoneburgh, Pa., and going to Phila-
delphia, worked at this business until
1860, when he entered business as a
manafacturer of cigars and dealer in
tobacco.

He is survived by one son, Morris D.
Theobald, two daughters, Mrs. George
E. Spotz and Mrs. B. Frank Raule.
three grandchildren and two great
grandchildren.

EXPORTED SCRJtP

Complaints have been received at
the internal revenue bureau in Wash-
ington from Germany from persons
importing American tobacco, which is
shipped to them as scrap tobacco, that
the cases contain whole leaves of to-
bacco, stems, dirt and strippings,
nearly all in a more or less decayed
condition: that the parties making
complaint state that they believe it to
be the custom that v hen tobacco is
exported by a tobacco manufacturer
for a deputy collector to call with the
stamps all ready and stamp the cases,
that no actual inspection of the con-
tents appears to have been made, and
that it is certain that the officer who
stamped the cases shipped to them
never saw the contents of the same,
or, if he did, his statements regarding
them were not true.

The collector of the district where-
from the exportation was made was
advised that while the complainants
in this ca.se made no specific charges,
in a general way they intimate that
the inspection of tobacco for export
from this port are made in a perfunc-
tory way, and that the cases are never
opened to show whether they contain
tobacco or something else.

The collector was advised that the
regulations, page 74, require that the
deputy collector shall examine each

OATS AND RYE

to produce large, full grains require
a complete fertilizer rich in

BOOKS FREE

Write to-day for our valuable
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9.^ Nassau Street New York

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package carefully to see that it con-
tains tobacco, snuff, cigars or cigar-
ettes, as alleged, and that its contents
are such as the law allows: that said
deputy is also required himself to
ascertain the gross weight, tare and
net weight, and mark each in plain
figures upon the packages by branding
or stenciling; that the complainants
in this case claim that the work was
done by employes of the tobacco factory
from which the tobacco is exported,
the deputy collector only affixing the
required stamps; that the particular
grievance of the complainants seems to
be that the exporter did not ship them
the exact kind of tobacco they ordered,
and that the goods were unmerchan-
table; that the settlements of disputes
of this kind are beyond the province of
the commissioner, and that the only
redress of the parties aggrieved in the
present case is in the courts, which
they intimate they will resort to.

The collector was advised in con-
clusion that if he thought the slate-
inents of the complainants as to
dereliction on the part of his deputies
warranted it, he should take the
necessary action to investigate and
ascertain the exact facts.

Hefining Tobacco

A German, of Halle, has been con-
ducting a series of experiments with

tobacco leaf, and claims to be able to
put the leaf through a process which
removes every particle of the poisonous
principle. He says that when he gets
through with the tobacco he will have
so destroyed the harmful qualities,
without affecting its taste, that a babe
could smoke a cigarette or cigar with-
out experiencing any bad effects.

The experimenter takes the ordin-
ary leaf and treats it with tannic acid,
in such a way as to kill all the jioison
in the nicotine. The acid also kills
the tobacco taste, and the leaf is there-
fore treated with a solution of wild
marjorum, which is said to produce a
very fair imitation of the original
taste. Some cigars made of tobacco
thus treated were sent to scientists in
the United States, and it is said that
the taste was not at all bad, and that
the cigar makes a very fair smoke.

A number of them have been smoked
by children who never used tobacco be-
fore, and the children suffered none of
the troubles that ordinary tobacco
would have entailed.

The German thinks his invention
will do away with tobacco heart, nico-
tine nervousness and the half dozen
other ills that are laid at tobacco's
door.

Andrews & Peck^

MANUFACTURERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Doors Windows and Blinds.

Manufacturers' Agents for Akron Sewer
Pipe and Land Tile.

We make a specialty of hotbed sash.

Office, 88 MarRet Street,

Mill: Charter Oak and Vrcdcndalc Avenues,
HARTFORD, CONN.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

it

MetHods of Curing

R.en\arKs on Tobacco

in V

Handling by Professor
irginia

PROFESSOR W. A. WALLDROPP
discussed in Danville, Virginia,
some vpry importsnit facts regarding
the methods of cnrinK tobaccos. Pro-
fessor Walldropp pertinently states
that "tobacco goes through certain
processes of fermentation from the
time it is cut until it is ready for the
manufactiirer. During the rime it is
said to he curing it is fermenting and
aging. Very little is known about the
chemical changes that occur in tliese
processes.

"A great deal of work has been done
by .scientific men in studying them,
but beyond the bare fact that they aie
similar to what goes on in wine and
the ripening of cream and the aging of
cheese, little lias been discovered. It
is a very impoitaLt field of research,
and deserves a thonaigh investigation.
Upon the skill with which this curing
and fermentation is managed depends,
m a large measure, the value of the
tobacco to the manufacturer. Farmers.
as a rule, pay little attention to the

matter, and lo.se the piofit that miglit
otherwise be theiis. The fermentation
comes usually when farm work is
generally not pre.ssing, and it is,
therefore, the more deserving of at-
tention.

"For the production of a salable
article much depends upon the
character of the soil and a great deal
depends upon the skill in curing.
Fully as uiuch, however, depends upon
the proper grading and sorting of the
tobacco, and the style of putting it
together before sending it to the
market. Too much cannot he said
about the necessity of very careful
attention to these apparently small
details. It is very important, more-
over, that the planters should study
the markets, the demands from foreign
countries, the reiiuirements of manu-
facturers, and aim to produce exactly
what they want, and to get it to them
in the way in whicli they can best use
it, rather than to study the matter of
economy. "

York, Pennsylvania

Buying new tobacco continues very
spirited and in consecjuence the farm-
ers having good crops are holding off
for very high prices, which, the
chances are. they will receive, as the
buying competition is strong f nd the
acreage of desirable leaf not nearly so
large as in former years.

The cigar business in York County
is fairly good, although election caused
a temporary lull in things down this
way. The receipts of the local revenue
office show a falling off of about .S;!,.")0()
worth of cigar stamps" m October,
against the figures of the same month
last year.

Heavy Seed

Experiments tried by the Department
of Agriculture to test the comparative
results of using large or heavy seed,
and small or light seed, resulted very
much in favor of the heavy setd and
demonstrated thai the difi'erence was
greater as the plants approached
maturity.

Thus peas from (he larger seed began
to blossom four days earlier than those
from small seed, produced marketable
peas four days earlier, and the main
crop five or six days earlier.

Vines grew ranker, pods were much
larger and there were peas in much
greater proportion from larger seed
than on the smaller. Beans showed a
similar result, both as to size and
earliness. and with several other crops
tested the growth of the plant was
much better from the larger seed, ex-
ceeding the small as three to two.
cal conditions, as far as could be given.

The seed was all from the same stock,
grown in the same piece and planted
n sand in the greenhouse under identi-

Credits for Fire Losses

The commissioner of internal reve-
nues advises for the benefit of persons
who desire credit for cigars and to-
bacco material which have been des-
troyed by tire. Hood or other casualty,
that when losses of cigars, toliacco or
other taxable tobacco products occur
by fire, theft. Hood ur other casualty,
it IS the duty of the collector to have
the same investigated and reported
upon by a competent officer, and if the
evidence of such losses .satisfies the
collector that credit for the same
should be allowed in the settlement of
the manufacturer's account he should
so recommend by indorsing upon each
affidavit made by the claimant or man-
ufacturer his opinion as fcj the merits
of the claim. The commissioner
believes that this system, if faithfully
carrieil out, will enable him to act
intelligently on the cases and grant
such relief as the circumstances
justify.

Tall Kentucky Plant

Prof. Harrison Garman, of the
Kentucky State C(jllege, has a freak
tobacco plant in his private green
house at Lexington. It is a beautiful
Porto Rican plant and has attained the
height of twelve feet, which, Prof.
Garman says, so far as he knows, is
unprecedented. The growth of the
plant is the result of an experiment.

3

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Southern
Home

In a country free from excessive heat and cold,
healthful and prosperous

LANDS AT LO'W PRICES

For printed matter, circulars, etc., giving full
particulars, write

M. V. RICHARDS

Land and Industrial Agent, Southern Railway
and Mobile & Ohio R. R. -* -Jt J* J»

WASHINGTON. D. C.

©

a

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

College at Storrs

Connecticut A.gric\iltural College Kepresented
at Des Moines Meeting

THE eigbteenth nnniial couventiou
of the Association of American
Agricultural Colleges and Experiment
Stations was held at Des Moines, Iowa,
November 1 to 3, with about 150 in at-
tendance. Connecticut was represented
by Dr. E. H. Jenkins of the Connecti-
cut Agricultural Experiment station,
by Prof. C. L. Beach of the Storrs Ex-
periment station, and by President
R.W. Stimson of the Connecticut Agri-
cultural college.

The convention met part of the time
in general sessions; the remainder of
the time in two sections —one devoted
to college work and administration, the
other to station work. Dr. Jenkins was
chairman of the section on station work.

One of the most important subjects
discussed before the college section was
the following: "The Morrill Act
Specifies That the Land Grant Institu-
tions Shall Be 'Colleges;' How Far
Should They or May They Engage in
Teaching Elementary Sub.iects Not
Generally Recognized as Belonging to
the College Curriculum V" A very
strong paper was prepared by President
W. O. Thompson of Ohio State univer-
sity.

The paper ai.d subject were discussed
in ordei by President Slimson, by
President R. H. Jesse of the University
of Missouri and by Dean L. H. Bailey
of the School of Agriculture, Cornell
university. The leaders of the discus-
sion were followed by olbei speakers.
This discussion was of particular inter
est to Connecticut from the fact that
the policy now followed by the Con-
necticut Agricultural college and by
other institutions where .similar courses
are pi'ovided was thoroughly endorsed.
It was held that the agricultural and
mechanical college work proper should
not be slighted or abridged, but that
in every state supplementary education
of lower giade, especially in prepara-
tion for farming, must be considered
necessary and highly desirable.

It is becoming better known that
the Connecticut Agricultural college
has for the past three years been offer-
ing such shorter and lower-grade
courses in agriculture and domestic
science, supplementary to its courses
of strictly collegiate grade.

President Stimson was elected chair-
man of the section on college work and

Hillstown

Three-quarters of the crop here is
still on the poles, yet there are a few
who have taken down several acres.
Three or four have sorted an acre or
so each

One grower has twelve hundred
))ounds of wrappers and foui hundred
of seconds from an acre. Wrappers are
light, and silky.

Warehouses have not opened. Buy-
ing is at a stand still, but asking prices
remain firm.

Abont fiftj' per cent, of the growers
have sold at prices from 28 to 33 cents.

G. W. B.

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Advertisements under this head cost one
cent a word each time; !io an vertisement taken
for less than twenty cents; cash or stamps
must accompany orders, which should be re-
ceived by the 25th of the month.

WANTED — Position as consuUintf and man_
atrin^ superintendent in leaf tobacco culture'
No objection to going abroad. Bo.x 37, care of
New England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED TO PURCHASE-Second hand
tobacco baling press. Box 38. care of New
England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED-Distributer for the output of a
small cigar factory making a specialty of $25
and $30 goods. Bo.k 34, Care The New England
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Second-hand green bone cutter.
D. L. B., Box 19, Rockville, Connecticut.

East Hartford

John P. Harmon, a prominent resi-
dent died at his home on Naubuc ave-
nue, November 20. 5Ir. Harmon was
born in Sufifield, September 10, 182.5.
He lived there until 1871, when he
removed to his late residence in this
town.

Mr. Harmon had always been en-
gaged in farming and tobacco raising.
His farm was situated on the town
line, a part of his tobacco land being
in Glastonbury. He was very success-
ful as a farmer.

Mr. Harmon was married in 1859 to
Miss Julia A. Davis of Suffield. She
survives him and also one daughter,
Ina L., Mrs. John E. Myers of East
Hartford. He leaves one brother,
Andrew Harmon, of Suffield, and one
sister, Mrs. Charlotte Harmon of
Belvidere, 111. He was a member of
the Society of the Cincinnati, his
grandfather being the only officei from
Suffield in the Revolutionary army.

Against Reduction

The Cigar Manufacturers' Associa-
tion of America (representing the seed
and Havana, stogie and cheroot
inteiests), have decided to oppose the
proposed reduction of tariff on Philip-
pine tobacco and its products.

Manchester

A. and S. Hartman have their large
tobacco warehouse running, giving
employment to many assorters.

J'

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'♦V

I

A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobacco Groovers

FOR any business man, pro-
fessional man, or industry-,
is easily obtained by con-
sulting the Industrial Depart-
ment. CThe proposition submit-
ted will be attractive, embody-
ing just the information desired
to intelligently consider such an
important matter as change of
location. C^Uur monthly maga-
zine of Southern opportunities
will prove invaluable to those
interested in the South.

THE LAND OF
MANATEE

Is the most beautiful section
of America, heretofore with-
out rail facilities. The cli-
luate is delightful, the atmos-
phere salt-laden and perfumed
by thousands of blossoming
orange, lemon, grape fruit and
guava trees and the most beauti-
ful and fragrant of flowers. CA
land of perfect health, ideal
living, where crime, trouble and
ill health are as yet positively
unknown. Manatee booklets de-
scribe it in detail.

The most costly piece of railroad literature ever issued is the special Southern
edition of the .Seaboard Magazine of Opportunities, — yes, there is one for you. — It is
unique, coiUains no advertisements, but hundreds of full page and half page photo,
gravures,— the most exquisite examples of the modern printer's art and each worthy
of framing. Sent free on receipt of ten cents to pay postage.

J. W, WHITE.

General Industrial Jtgent, Portsmouth, Va.
SEABOARD AIR l^INE RAIL^VAY

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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

t3

Glastonbury

One of tlie best known of tlin Back
iiishiiin residents, A. Koswt'U Strick-
liind, ilieil November 'iO. Mr. Strick-
laiiil WHS born in (iliistonbiiry seventy-
ei^ht years ago. He had sncc-essfnlly
followed the occnpation of farming.
He had bnrned and marketed charcoal
for many years. He is snrvived by his
wife, three daughters, Mrs. Hattie E.
Hall, Mr.s. Carrie M. West of Haddani
Neck and Miss E. Lunette Strickland,
and two sons, Albert R., of Glaston-
bury, and Fred C, of Harrison, Col.
The funeral was held at the Bucking-
ham church, the services being con-
(lu<ted by the Rev. G. H. Bacheler,
Tile interment was made at Gilead.

P. H Keife of Westfield is always
welcomed by the farmers of this town.
On hi.s second visit here this season
he talked with a Gazette reporter and
said he was in hopes this time to make
some purchase, but found the tobacco
was not in condition for him to make
any bids. This buyer is looking for
the best that can be had and is willing
to pay standard prices, as he has done
all the fall. He told the reporter he
would not purchase any more crops
until a tobacco damji comes, so that he
can be better posted on its condition.

He has purchased in East Windsor
the crops of the following: M.
Kennedy, E. T. Hurlburt, L. S. Abbey,
S. Pea.se, H. Palmer, H. R. Kressig,
F. Hauslet. E. T. Smith, C. 8. Fuller,
J. Lawton, \V. A. Steele, E. Alden, A.
Cook, F. Blarney, P. Ward, J. A.
.Steele, E. G. Phelps, M. Casey, C. H.
Cotton, J. Hurlburt. E. Turner. G.
Wood, W. H. Billings, Francis Allen,
R. S. Allen, J U. Wood, O. Olmsted,
R. F. Pascoe, M. Nicholson and J. E.
Lough/in. The price paid was ;^0
cents through. Mr. Keife pays for a
bonus in all of his deals $.^0 down on
each acre, which proves that he is a
man who likes to do business in a busi-
nesslike way.

He has purchased about l.tidO case"
and expects tc put up about 2,. 500.
Last year his packing was i!,;^OU. He
has al.so purchased of Frederick Thrall
of Poquouock 46 acies of the fine
Havana seed ever cultivated, and has
made a bargain with Charles Clark of
the same place fjr 13 acres at 80 cents,
assorted. He has already started a
force of men at work at his packing
liouse in Windsor Locks.

Maro Chapman's lioad

It is a pleasure to say a good word
of a (.orpoiation or of an official
when that word is deserved and the
management praiseworthy. We refer
to the Hartford, Manchester and
Rockville Tramway compan3' which
operates through our town. It is a
pleasure to ride npon one of its cars.
At all times they are clean, neat and
heated to that point to be as comfort-
able as if you were sitting at your own
fireside. Of course when the travel is
big, the usual crowding takes place,
but even so, the cars are just as com-
fortable as ever, and far beyond those
of the Hartford Street Railway com-
pany. One may say that the Hartford,

Manchester and Kuckville Tramway
company is not so large a road as is
the Hartford company. Of couise th;it
is true, but while it is not as large, it
can be run cheapei and be les^s careulf
of the interests of the traveling public
while making ,iust as much money as
now.

But that is where the mistake is
made. One hardly ever hears the
kicking about the Rockville Tramway
company that is frequently indulged
in in regard to tlie large Hartford
Street Railway comjiany. It all lies in
the maragement, and President Maro
Chapman, to our mind, takes the right

view of it when he says that while it
costs n)ore to make the tiaveling publu-
satisfied, in the long run it pays better,
for a spirit of goodwill is displayed
toward the management which is
commendable.

The Hartford, Manchester and Rock-
ville Tramway company is one of the
best, safest and most comfortable
trolley roads in the United States, and
one might travel all over the country
jjofore he could find a president who
exercises the care and diligence that
President Chapman does in the
management of his line. — East Hart-
ford American Enterprise.

Ross Self Feed Tobacco Stalk and Ensilage Cutters

27 Lyman Street, Springfield, Mass,

The only cut-up ensilage ma-
chine on the market, making
it especially adapted for cut-
ting- tobacco stalks for fertil-
izer.'iXOBACCO GROWERS
have been quick to recognize
its value. lAre you one of the
progressive kind? Write for
circulars and prices or call
and see samples at either of
our two stores.

213 State Street, Hartford Conn.

THE. B. L. BRAGG CO.

GET RESULTS

We handle everything used in adver-
tising—space, cuts, booklets, circu-
lars. We contract for complete ad-
vertising campaigns ; attend to every
detail; and :: :: :: :: ::

GET RESULTS

I

jOHJ\lSTOA/E ADVERTISING AGENCY

Incorporated

Hartford. Fire Insurance Bldg,
Hartford, Conn.

ii

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

In Dayton, Ohio

Much Interest ii\ GebHart -BulK S'weating
Grows in Favor

THE active teKture iu tlie tobacuo
market of this section is the
strong buying of this season's Gebhart.
This tobacco is now generally called
seed leaf. For some years the in-
crease in clemand has been larger tlian
the increase in acreage. The ciop is
considered a good one. The finest and
most even growth has been produced
in the southern counties of the state.
Large New York operators are given
credit for the heaviest buying.

According to the New York Tobacco
Lent, Rosenwald, Sylvester and Spitz-
ner have secured the most of the crop.
Early sales were around seven cents
to the farmei, but as high as eight and
one- half cents have been paid in the
last few days. Although the crop has
only been cut a few weeks, over eighty
per cent, of the whole yield has been
sold. The local packers stopped buy-
ing after the price had been forced up
over a cent, but the New Y^orkers
stayed in the game and saw the raise,
and are likely to buy up all that re-
mains. At the eight and one-halfcent
i price, an expert informs me, it will
cost the packer 12 }4 cents, marked
weight, when ready to sell to the man-
ufacturer.

However, with all this activity in

seed leaf, the new crop of Zimmer
Spanish has not been sought after yet
by any buyer. It is a good average
crop, but heavy stocks of the 1903 and
190H are held, and can be had at fair
prices. Quite a lot of old Zimmers
are stilt in the hands of the farmer.
The litOH can be bought for as low as
seven cents, while a pick can be
secured at nine cents. Stocks of 1903
Dutch and Qebhart are pretty well
sold, witn a good demand for what re-
mains. All the tobaccos of the 1902
crop have been much sought after in
the last few weeks. The seed and the
Dutch are nearly cleaned up.

The old method of force-sweating is
rapidly going into disuse. While it
gave quick results iu maturing and
darkening the leaf, it was found also
that it took much of the flavor from
the tobacco.

In this section most of the packers
are converts to the bulk resweat. It
requires considerable more space and
much handling, but is now regarded
as the best method.

Hairy Reeder said; "Those packers
who are credited with knowing what
is best to do are now bulk-sweating all
their tobaccos, and it has been proven
to give very best results.''

The Only Medium

Ifijyour goods ai'e to be sold to New
England tobacco growers, they need to
be advertised in The New England To-
bacco Grower.

TOBACCO IN CUBA

The profit from the raising ot tobacco in the

Vtielta A.bajo District
Provii:\ce o^ Pirkax* del Rio

IS ALMOST liEVONI) BELIEF

Send for book descriptive of the fine tobacco

lands for sale in this district at the

American town of Herradura

Incorporated, S440,000 Capital Stock

Herradura Land Co.

BERNAZA a, HAVANA, CUBA

JENKINS & BARKER,

Successors to Col. Charles L. Bnrdett.

Patent and Trade Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United States and Foreign Pat-
ents, Desig^ns and Trade Marks.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING,

50 State Street, - Hartford, Connecticut

HEJtDQUJtRTERS FOR

TOB0GGO IHSURimCE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

Pennsylvania Prices

Altbough there is not a complete
unity of opinion among Philadelphia
dealers as to how easy it is to buj- 1904
Penna. from the farmers this week,
everybody agrees that all the growers
are managing to get prices that are
likely to be ruinous to the pafkers.

L. P. Kimmig, who has been over
the ground, said yesterday that many
of the farmers are refusing to sell at
any price and on the strength of the
short crop are holding on with the idea
that they can get whatever they ask.
Mr. Kimmig said that Id and 13 cents
had been offered and refused in several
cases and that he had been told that
even a higher price had been paid.
Mr. Kimmig leaves this week to go
through the tobacco district and try to
buy what he wants.

George W. Newman, of Young &
Newman, said that the farmers were
selling when they could get as high as
10 cents, but they were not willing
to take less than that.

"Their hopes ot higher prices are
doomed to disappointment," said Mr.
Newman, "for the simple reason that
packers cannot pay 10 cents, much less
12, and continue to do business. The
farmers need not consider that the
packers are obliged to pay prices in
spite of themselves, on account of the
scarcity of new tobacco, because sooner
than pay more than they can afford the

packers will use Wisconsin, or some
other crop. To yield any profit the
price to packers ought to Ije 7, possibly
8 cents.''

In Minneasota and Montana

Albert Heliusky, of Teuhassen.
Minn., this year raised an acre of to-
bacco, and brought into Fairmont a
leaf 38 inches in length by 30 inches in
width, which he said fairly represented
the entire field. The crop is now being
cured, and large returns are expected.
The tobacco is of the variety known as
Kentucky long leaf.

At the recent state fair of Montana,
J. J. Davis exhibited a stalk of tobacco
raised on his ranch near Billings. The
experiment was so satisfactory that
next year he intends going into the
business on an extensive scale, and he
expresses the belief that tobacco grow-
ing will forthwith become one of the
industries of the Yellowstone valley.

From Cask to Bale

One liundred and five Kentucky to-
bacco growers have arranged to go to
Texas and undertake the cultivation ot
tiller leaf on the "led lands. '

In Chicago

A plan is on foot to interest lo.OOO
Chicago tobacconists to the extent ot
subscribing to at least one share in an
independent plant to be built in
Chicago.

95 Pearl St., HMRTFORD, CONN.
14 Fo-t St., SPRINGFIELD, MJtSS.

Aiiie#|^S!!l«ilB8i?fc

JOSEPH H.KlNO. "-^^'*"*^J- Wi,, .AlTTn^ '
OPPOSITE "^ CaSHICR,

cnr HAIL. 803 Main Street. ""^""gSft

J

Ws

SAFETY

Absolute safety is the best
thing we have to offer. Other
inducements are of secon-
dary importance. Upon this
basis only, do we solicit
your patronage.

iJ

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

LUTHi^R M. CASE,,

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,

Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco. ^M

Shade Grown J^.£^ «»•■

Sumatra in Bales. my^

Main Warehouse and Office, Pine Meadow, Conn.

15

BRJIMCH WJtRBHOUSES:

Southwlck, Mass.,— Foreman, H. L. Miller.
East Canaan, Conn.,— Foreman, L. F. Bronson.
Barkhamsted, Conn.,— Foreman. L. A. Lee.
North Hatfield, Mass., — Foreman, Willis Holden.
New Hartford. Conn.,— Foreman, James Stewart.

SUMATRA PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn., 25 Acres

Barkhamsted, Conn., 20 Acres

Southwick, Mass., 15 Acres

Always in the market for old Tobacco if well
assorted and packed. ,^t Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialty, assorted and sized into
thirty-two grades. ......

Mmmmmmmmmmmffm^fm^mff'.

Wrapper and Filler

Test Case Pending that May Determine
the Customs Problem

THE entire tobacco trade is inter-
ested in a suit to be tried in the
United States Circuit Court the out-
come of which will determine whether
or not the customs authorities are
justified in seizing as presumptively
fraudulent all importations of cigar
leaf tobacco entered as filler which
contain more than 1") per cent, of
wrapper.

The New York Times explains to its
readers that the Dingley law provides
that all bales containing not more than
1.5 per cent, of wrapper tobacco may
be entered as filler. This constitutes
what is known as the selfworking bale,
or, iu other words, the wrapper is
about 15 per cent, of the average cigar,
so that a bale of this kind can be made
up into cigars without the importation
of any additional wrapper. The duty
on wrapper is $l.y5 a pound and that
on filler is only 33 cents a pound, so
that the temptation to exceed the
quantity of wrapper allowed to the
bale is very great.

The suit which is to be tried stands
in the name of Sutter Brothers, Inc.,
who failed some time ago, but the

receivers have authorized Col. J. H.
Wilkinson, Jr., to go on with the suit,
as it is considered of great importance
to the whole trade. The suit arises
out of an importation of 379 bales of
tobacco last winter. Some of them
were found to contain more than 1.")
per cent, of wrapper, though all of
them were entered as filler, and the
whole importation was seized as fraud-
ulent by the collector.

It is alleged on behalf of the im-
porter that it is impossible to tell
within two or three per cent, what the
proportion of wrapper iu a bale is be-
fore the contents have been very care-
fully sorted out and examined. It is
also alleged that there is often room
for a very wide difference of opinion
as to what tobacco is suitable for
wrapper and what only for filler, and
that what one manufacturer would use
for wrapper another would not con-
sider lit for such use.

Wheat Soils

A number of years ago the chemist
at the Iowa state college made analyses
of some Iowa soil — pre8umably_^ from

the college farm — and found that there
was enough nitrogen in the soil to
produce 100 crops of wheat; sufBcient
phosphoric acid for 200 crops, and
plenty of potash for 1,000 crops,
possibly.

But experience has shown that
wheat, under primitive conditions of
cultivation, has ceased to be a profit-
able crop in Iowa, and the ipiantity
grown is small compared to the amount
consumed by its inhabitants. Insect
enemies antl injuiious fungus growths
are responsible for this condition, and
not a deficiency in the soil of plant food
essential for wheat growth, for land
hitherto unvesed Dy the plow refused
to produce the 'old-time crops when
broken up and planted to this cereal.
Daniel Bidwell

Daniel Bidwell ('-Agricolus"), the
correspondent of the Tobacco Leaf at
Hartford, Conn., was elected to the
General Assemoly of that state at the
recent election. Mr. Bidwell was
raised on a tobacco farm, and has been
connected with the industry all his
life. Besides being the Tobacco Leaf's
valued representative, he is the tobacco
reporter of the Harftord Times, and
also owns a farm, fifteen acres of
which is fine tobacco land. He was
graduated from Yale College in 1886,
and two years later visited the tobacco
sections of Florida. He was elected
on the Republican ticket.— New York
Tobacco Leaf.

t6

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Philadelphia Fight

BrotKerly Love To'wn SHo^vs Its Spirit
in Tobacco Trade

A PHILADELPHIA Dispatch
says: Pushing the fight against
the tobacco trust, the Retail Cigar and
Tobacco Dealers' Association has issued
a call for an independent tobacco con-
vention, to bo held at Horticultural
Hall during the entire week, beginning
December I'-l. Every independent to-
bacco luannfacturer in the United
States will receive a copy of this call,
which -went out over the signatures of
J. E. Tuck, president, and ,T. Half-
penny, secretary, of the retail dealers'
organization.

Scarcely was the call iu the mails
before all of the tobacco jobbers in
Pennsylvania received official notice
from President Duke of the American
Tobacco Company, rescinding the order
prohibiting jobbers handling tobacco
products of independent manufacture.
Under the prohibitive order issued
some months ago the jobbers could not
handle certain brands of trust-made
plug tobacco, cigarettes and smoking
tobacco with goods of independent

uianiifacttire except at the peril of hav-
ing their entire supply cut oti'.

The Philadelphia Leaf Tobacco
Board of Trade has pledged its support
to the progressing movement, and to-
bacco growers from all parts of the
country are expected to participate in
the convention. The leaf tobacco in-
terest has been called into the fight by
the efforts of the tobacco tiust
through contracts executed before the
product is even grown.

One issue to be considered by the
convention will be the attitude of the
Roosevelt Administration toward
Philippine tobacco products, and a
member of the cabinet will be asked to
address the convention with direct
reference to this matter. The Depart-
ment of Agriculture, which has done
much recently for the development of
the tobacco industry in the United
States will be asked to assign an expert
to attend the convention and discuss
tobacco cultuie with the growers
present.

lished. In Havana the society is erect-
ing a building that will cost |.500,000
and a strange part of it is that in this
case the wealthy class has practically
had to move for the working class. On
the site where the building is going up
was one of the oldest and most aristo-
cratic Spanish clubs on the island but
the working people bought it up.

"In the cigar factories the men are
paid by the piece, and a good man can
make about J20 a week in American
money if he will stick to his job, and
those men down there do that."

HMUJtMJt FACTORIES

"It has been proven within the last
two years," says Leo Abraham of Mil-
waukee, in the Tobacco World, "that
it will always be impossible for any
tobacco trust to gain entire control of
the output of tobacco and cigars in
('uba. A large part of the people have
literally gnjwn up in the tobacco busi-
ness, and will never allow the inde-
pendent manufacturer to be put out
of business by any combination of
capital. Two years ago the trust

bought out 85 per cent, of the fai tories
in Havana, and as the manufacturers
who owned them were given handsome
prices for their plants they retired and
are living on their money.

"Of course they could not re-engage
in the business directly, but you might
as well expect a duck to remain out of
water as for most of those old Cubans
and Spaniards to keep out of the tobac-
co business, so their sons and other rel-
atives have taken up the industry
with renewed vigor where their fathers
have dropped it. They necessarily
had to start new factories, but this
was a small obstacle to them and they
have grown so rapidly that while two
years ago on account of the trust they
produced but 15 per cent, of the cigars
today the government records show
they make 48 per cent, of the goods
and the rate of increase continues.

"In place of unions the cigar makers
have societies with membership all the
way from 18,000 to 28,000. The chil-
dren are brought up to believe that
they must join tho societies and much
good has resulted t.^ the working class.
The dues are f 1.50 in Spanish money,
and with the funds thus obtained

reading rooms, card rooms, night schools
and other places of learning and amuse-
ment for the members have been estab-

STABLE PIPHUBE

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Lowest Prices

/{. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

HARTFORD
CONNECTICUT

Washing
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Try a package and see for yourself.

SWIFT PROVISION COMPANY,

19 John Street,

BOSTON, MASS.

/

63 ^^

tsAe New Engla

TbBACCO Grower

VOL. VI. No. 5.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, JANUARY, 1905.

$1.00 A YEAR

Seed Selection: by A. D. Shamel

A

T tht! Oonnectieat State Boanl
of Agriculture mesting in
Harlfonl. December 16,
Archibald Disort Shamel of
the Bureau of Plant Imlustry
at Washington, saitl:

In all varieties of tobacco there aie
(ertain strains of seed which are looked
upon by growers and buyeis as possess-
ing some particular merit and special
value. Many of these strains have been
produced by growers observing some
peculiar or striking plant during the
cnltivation of the crop, and saving the
seed from it for future planting. In
fact, most of the varieties now under
cultivation are the result of such acci-
dental seleotion of jeed plants. The
improvements in yield and quality of
the crop, made b)' such selections, of
valuable seed plants, indicate that
much greater and more important re-
sults can be secured by applying the
principles of plant breeding to the to-
bacco crop in a careful and systematic
manner.

There is no general farm crop grovin
under such an intensive and costly
method of culture as certain classes of
tobacco, and by reason of the import
auce of soil, climate and other influ-
ences in the character of the crop, the
irapoitance of seed selection and breed-
ing has been neglected — not given
much consideration. While in scmie
districts $100 worth of fertilizer is used
per acre and other items of culture are
similarly specialized, the methods of
saving seed are the same as those in-
troduced by the pioneer tobacco grow-
ers.

The writer's experience with the
breeding of the several varieties of
wrappers grown in the Connecticut val-
ley has shown that the improvement in
yield and qualily of tobacco by seed
gclection and probably by hybridization

is one of the most important means of
increasing the value of the crop with-
out additional cost of production. The
general results of the experiments con-
ducted by the department of agricul-
ture with the breeding of different
varieties of tobacco in the Connecticut
valley, last season, will bo presented
heie in older to offer some practical
suggestion to groweis for the improve-
ment of their crop.

CHANGE OF SESED

There is a general impression that a
change of seed from one legion to an-
other is necessary to prevent the "run-
ning out" of tne variety. In other
words many growers believe that a va-
riety of tobacco will deteriorate in
(juality if grown on the same farm or
in the same locality for several years.
A similar belief exists among the
growers of other crops, such as corn
and cotton, and many farmers follow
the practice of obtai' ing fresh seed
from some distant lor iity year after
year. In corn and cl con it has been
found by careful tesis, that when a
variety has become adapted to certain
soil and climatic conditions the yield
niav be increased bj" seed selection and
lireeding. and instead of deteriorating
by reason of continued growin.g in the
same locality, the val;.'^ oJ: the crop can
be increased. In order to illustrate the
effect of a change of soil and climatic
conditions upon tobacco, the experience
of the growers of imported Sumatra
and Cuban plant" in this region will
be reviewed. In the seasons of 1 902
and 1903 tobacco seed from Cuba and
Sumatra was extensively used on the
plantation^ growing tobacco under
cloth shade. The crops produced from
this seed lacked uniformity to such an
extent that several distinct types of
plants conld be found in every field,
many of these types bearing no resem-
blance whatever to the Cuban or Suma-

tra \ arieties. The Cuban seed produced
a large proportion of small, narrow
leaved plants, the so-called "freaks''
in some cases constituting about one
third of the entire crop. The tr'umatra
seed produced many long and pointed
leaved types which were practically
worthless for any purpose, and were
probal)ly reversions to some early un
improved type of tobacco. This break-
ing up of type and lack of uniformity
has lieen observed to follow the use of
imported seed in other tobacco growing
sections of the United States, particu-
laily when seed from the tropics has
been grown in the north. The change
of seed from one state or locality to
another has jiroduced similai though
less striking, results, and has led to the
general conclusion that the tobacco
crop should be grown from seed which
is thoroughly adapted to soil and cli-
matic conditions. In the ease of the
Cuban and Sumatra crops grown in
this valley in 1903. typical plants were
selected for seed, and the seed protect-
ed from cross fertilization by means of
a paper bag inclosing the flowers. This
seed produced uniform plants similar
to the mother plants the following
season, and showed that by such a
method of seed saving uniform crops
can be secured one year after the vari-
ety is introduced into any locality. If
it be desirable to make a change of seed
the farmer should grow a few plants
the first season for the purpose of pro-
ducing the general seed crop for the
following year.

THE VALUE OF UNIFORM PLANTS

The value of the tobacco crop de-
pends largely upon the uniformity in
type of the phints. particularly the
shape, size, quality and number ot
leaves. The lack of uniformity increas-
es the cost of sorting and growing the
crop, and results in the production of
a certain proportion of inferior tobacco.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

It costs about the same to grow the
irregular and undesirable plauts as
typical plants of the desired type so
that, it is* highly important to grow
uniform crops. An examination of the
crops grown iu this region showed that
there was great variety in the size of
plants, number of leaves per plant, the
shape and size of leaves on the individ-
ual plauts, the number of suckers, the
earliness of maturity, the quality of
leaves and other characters which go
to make up the types of the varieties
of tobacco. The difference in size of
plants and rate of growth was most
clearly seen during the fore part of the
growing season, at which time the
plants were found to vary in height
from one to four feet. This variation
in size is not shown clearly at the time
when the crops are harvested except
by careful examination of the tobacco
stalks, by reason of the topping of the
plants to about the same height.

The numbei of leaves varies to a
marked degree, some plants producing
a large number while others bear only
a few desirable leaves. The increase
in number of leaves is not accompanied
by a corresponding increase in the
height of the plants, but the plants
bearing a large number of leaves are so
arranged that the leaves are set closely
together on the stalK, while the plants
producing but few leaves have long
internodes or spaces between the leaves
The increase in the number of desirable
leaves borne by the individual plants,
means an increase in yield of the crop
without increase in the cost of produc-
tion.

As a rule the plants producing the
largest number of leaves are of the
most desirable type and quality for
wrapper purposes. The shape of leaves
is the most variable of all the charac-
ters of the tobacco plant, and is one of
the most important factors in the value
of the leaf for cigar wrapper purposes.
The long, pointed leaves do tiot cut so
many wrapper sas the rounded leaves,
and the pointed tip is usually accom-
panied by a long, narrow base which is
of very little value. In every crop ob-
served, some plants were found having
leaves with round tips and bases so- b
ranged as to cut out wrappers very
economically. The size'of leaves also
varies with the different plants in the
field, so'that in a given variety plants
bearing leaves of almost any desirad
sizecanbe found by caieful observation.

The time of ripening of the plants is
not uniform in many cases, some indi-
viduals maturing their leaves several
days earlier than the other plauts in
the field. In the same way many plants
are late in ripening and do not produce
desirable tobacco. The number of
suckers, the (juality of the leaves, and
other characters vary to such an extent
that the production of improved strains
by the selection of the best plants, is
made possible and the wide variability
of plants is a desii-able ba.sis ior such
selection.

This variability is not confined to
any variety, but has been found to ex-
ist in all the varieties grown in this
fountry.

THE SELECTION OF SEED PLANTS

The selection of seed plants must be
made before the plants are topped, and
the most successful selections can only
be made after a studj' of the crop from
the seed bed to harvest. It is nece.ssarj-
to study the plants in all stages of
growth in order to judge of their fitness
for the parentage of the future crops.
In order to fully determine the value
of the plants it is advisable to follow
the leaves from the separate plants
through the curing shed and compare
the cured leaves from the selected
plants. This plan of examination of
the product of the seed plants is ex-
tremely important, because the charac-
ter of the cured tobacco cannot be
wlioUy determined by the study of the
plants in the field.

From the fact that it requires some
care and continued attention in order
to keep the individual saniples in order
and in good condition, this test of the
seed plants is usually neglected. The
leaves from the seed plants are not or-
dinarily of as good (juality as the leaves
from the plants that have been topped,
and this fact must be kept in mind
during the comparison of the tobacco
in the warehouse.

In making selections of see'.l plants
it is desirable to run over the entire
field and mark the best plants for a
second examination. This preliminary
selection can be made just before top-
ping, bnt it should not be done before
the plants are pretty well developed so
that the type is determined. A second
selection should be made before the
tlowers begin to open, and each one of
the selected plants carefully examined
with regard to the characters and
features which are important in the
variety of tobacco.

The best plan for making such stud-
ies is to follow some regular outline of
points, such as are used in the plant
breedin.g records of the department ot
agriculture. In this way definite data
is secured as to the actual condition of
tlie plants, wliich can be kept for use
when the leaves are compared in the
warehouse. The number of desirable
leaves should he noted, and in counting
them only the leaves usable for manu-
facture should be counted.

The size of leaf can be pretty accu-
rately determined by measuring the
middle leaf of each plant. The length
should be measuied from the tip to the
point of attachment of the leaf to the
stalk, and the width measuied at the
widest point of the leaves. The shape
of the leaf is somewhat difficult to
record, and the most effective means of
making this note is to describe the
shape as briefly as possible. The num-
ber of suckers is easily recorded and
the time of ripening of the leaves
should be kept in order to throw some
light on the time of maturity and the
comparative earliness cf the plants. In
addition to these notes a final record
should be kept of the <iuality of the
cured tobacco.

The number of seed plants to be
saved for seed depends upon the size of
the tobacco fields for which they are
expected to supply plants. Each seed

pod contains from five to seven thous-
and seed, and as there are from 50 to
l.'iO pods to every plant, the average
seed plants produce from three to seven
hundred thousand seed. It can be seen
that in view of the large number of
seed grown oy the seed plants it is ne-
cessary to save but a few plants in or-
der to secure enough seed to produce
plants enough to set out a large field.
For a field of ten acres a dozen plants
is all that is necessary to save in [^the
field, and after the examination of the
cured plants it Is necessary to save
only the best two or three plants for
seed purposes for the following season.
The fact that a minute tobacco seed,
so small that it takes nearly half a mil-
lion of them to weigh an ounce, pro-
duces a large, thrifty and vigorous
growing plant and a progeny of 300,000
children in a season, is one of the won-
ders of plant life. Where only two or
three seed plants are saved it is desira-
ble to save the seed in separate samples
and divide the seed bed into two or
three sections, sowing each section
with the seed from one seed plant. The
seedlings from each section .should be
set out in geparate portions of the field
so that the held is a test of the trans-
mitting power of the individual seed
plants. The selection of seed plants
for the next year can be made from
the Section of the field in which plants
are most uniform and of the most de-
sirable type. In this way improve-
ment in the uniformity of the type can
raprdly be secured by the grower.

SAVING SEED UNDER BAG

The tobacco plant is naturally self
fertile, that is, the seed is the product
of a single parent. However, in tire
field bees and other insects carry the
duntlike pollen from flower to flower
and effect cross fertilization as in tlie
case of the clover plant. The tobacco
flowers contain a sweet, syruplike
nectar that bees, humming birds and
many kinds of insects feed upon. In
passing in and out of the flowers they
naturally brush pollen from the flowers
over their bodies and in this way carry
the pollen from flower to flower, plant
to plant, and from field to field.

This cross fertilization in the variety
is detrimental to the yield, the quality
and the uniformity of the tobacco. In
this way tobacco is a marked exception
to most plants, as corn, which shows
increased vigor of growth as a result of
cross fertilization in the variety. Dar-
win has explained this condition by
comparing the tobacco plant to peas
and a few other exotic plants which
have been inbred for so long that they
have beconre accusforrred to this kind
of fertilization.

In order to prevent this crossing in
the variety the flowers should be cov-
ered by a light, strong paper bag. All
of the sucker branches should be re-
moved before the bag is applied, to-
gether with the small, useless upiier
leaves. The bag must be placed over
the flowers before any of them open,
or the entire benefit will be lost. Any
light bag will answer the purpose, but
the twelve-pound manilla bag with

[Continued on paye 4.J

S6c New England
Tobacco Grower

HARTFORD

CONNECTICUT, JANUARY

1 9 O 5

St. Louis RxHibits

Connecticut Groovers AVhose 'Wrapper Tobacco
Won tHe Grand Prize

THE Connecticut toliiicco growers
wliose exbibts luatle up the dis-
play representir.g the btate at the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition are
presented in tlie list given below. The
exhibit won the grand prize, as has
already been reported in The New
England Tobacco Grower.

The conmiittee in charge of the Con-
necticut State tobacco display was com-
posed of Chairman Edmund Halladay,
Suffield; H. \V. Alford, Poyuonock
and James S. Forbes, Bu inside.
The exhibitors were as follows:

BloOMFIELD, Olds & Whipple.

BuRNSlDE, Charles Riley, L. H.
Forbes, Richard Devitt, Thomas
Daley, Patrick Hickey. John H. Elmer,
James S. Forbes.

East Granby, R. W. Cowles,
H R. Lobdell.

East Hartford, Andrew Bidwell,
Carney Brothers, L. P. Buinham,
Alfred Kilbourne, E. O. Hale, Foran
Brother.-!, William K. Ackley, George
House, Thomas Hiues, Wilbur Burn-
ham, Henry R. Bnrnham, Thomas
Mniray, Jerome Sigiior, Edward E.
King, John 11. Bnrnham, John J. Mc-
Carty, John J. Hickey, John Huntting.

East Windsor, O. S. Wood.

Ellington, Miles H. Abom, M.
E. Thompson.

Enfield, J. 8. Pierce, John Steele.

Glastonbury. Julius J. Bantle
William Despard.

(jRANBY, Indian Head Plantations,
Inc,

HiLLSTOWN, William Mulcahy,
Silas Slater, Emerson Strong, Joel
Brewer, Charles C. Hills, Arthur
Manning, George Bancroft, Horace
Wickham.

HOCKANUM. William Stevens.
Norman Brewer, Francis Smith,
Christian Handel. Charles W. Porter.
Henry Anderson, William Baublett,
Robert Fox, Hiram Fox, E. K. Ensign
& Son, C. E. Risley.

Melrose, C. A. Thompson.

Naubuc, George Smith, Jacob N.
Bantle.

Portland, a. N. Shepard.

Silver Lane, Leander Warren,
George F. Anderson.

Southington. M. Frisbie & Son.

South Manchester, Ralph Noyes.

South Windsor, Roswell Grant,
A. O. Reardon, F. N. Andross, Dennis
Reardon, Frank M. Prior. Mrs.

William H. Moore, Walter M. Betty.
Lester Newton, W. J. Reardon. John
E. Lathrop, E. D Farnham. Frederick
A. King.

Suffield, H. S. Chapman & Co..
J. B. Cannon, A. P. Sherwin, L. P.
Bissell. George A. Harmon. Edmund
Halladay, E. A. and W. F. Fuller.
Fred Jackson, E. A. Fuller. John
Sliuey. Joseph Adams, Henshaw
Brtithers, W. S. Piuney. James Wood.
A. W. Osterhoudt, L. A. Kent. L. W.
Allen. E. Hemenway. T. M. Halladay.
Fuller, Haskins & Halladay.

Wapping, Lucius Grant.

Windsor, G. A. Loumis. T.
Loomis, O. Denslow, James Mullaley.
William Lovell, William Gilligan.
Carey Brothers, Br. T. K. Marcy, C.
D. Cannon, H. W. Alford. T. F.
Kearney, Poinionock Agricultifral Uo. .
Alfred Holcomb, J. B. Parker. A. H.
Brown, Mr. Nolan, Walter Wolf, Frank
Strickland, A. Lamphear, Henry Gris
wold, P. Washington, Daniel Latterty.
A. E. Holcomb. T. B. Hatheway, John
Shaw. W. A. Thrall. A. 0. Holcomb;
Connecticut Valley Tobacco Co. . F. A.
Burnham, manager.

The Connecticut State Commissiop
to the Exposition has made miniature
giand prize banners, fac-similes of the
original award, and one of these small
banners goes to each of the individual
exhibitors of tobacco.

Texas Jtgainst Taft

At Houston and other points in
Texas several leaf tobacco organizations
have been formed. At Houston, a
hundred tobacco glowers of Texas
formed a State organization. John
Bloom, of V/illis, was elected presi-
dent. A resolution was passed protest-
ing against the Taft Philippine bill.
which seeks to remove the duty on to-
bacco grown in the Philippines.

Shaded Broadleaf

I saw last week a lot of cigars
covered with Connecticut broadleaf
wrappers grown under shade. I had
never before seen any of this class of
tobacco, and was very much impressed
with it. The colors were beautiful;
the taste was good, .ind the burn was
such as to delight the lieart of the
veriest tobacco crank. I don't know
how much it costs to grow this tobacco,
but if it can be put on the market at

anything like a reasonable price, there
ought to be a good demand for it.- -
The Beginner, in the New YorK To-
bacco Leaf.

Thaddeus H. Spencer

Thaddeus H. Spencer, an old resi-
dent and highly esteemed citizen of
Suffield, died December 8. Mr.
Spencer was a native of Suffield, hav-
ing been born there July 18, 182-1, and
was the oldest child of Hezekiah Spen-
cer. He was the last member of the
latter's family. He was always inter-
ested in anything that was for the good
of the town. He represented Suffield
in the general assembly in 1876, 1877
and 1878. He was first selectman
from 1878 to 1882. Mr. Spencer was
also treasurer of the Connecticut Liter-
ary Institution for many years, and
was at all times an influential member
of the directors of that institution.
He was county commissioner from
1879 to 1888, and the new county
building at Hartford was erected dur-
ing his term of office. He was for
many years in his younger days a
prominent cigar manufacturer in
Suffield.

Mr. and Mrs. Spencer celebrated
their golden wedding in 1901 and the
celebration was also a family reunion,
twenty-four of the family being pres-
ent. Mr. Spencer had been a member
of the Second Baptist church for over
sixty years, and a deacon for a long
period. Both he and Mrs. Spencer
were active in church work. In poli-
tics he was a Repbulican. Besides his
wife, Mr. Spencer is survived by two
sons, Thomas S. and T. Henry Spencer.

Leaf at Retail

A farmer asks the Internal Revenue
Commissioner whether it would be a
violation of the law for his brother
and his son, who have their last year's
crop of tobacco still on hand, to adver-
tise and sell the same in 5, 10 and 15-
pound lots put up in the hand, and
sent by express or otherwise to the
purchaser.

He was advised that they could do
this, and such sales would not be in
violation of the law, provided the to-
bacco in baud is in its natuial state as
grown on the farm, and has not been
manipulated in any way, as the law
permits the farmer and grower to sell
tobacco of his own growth and raising
without restriction, and without pay-
ment of tax, to any person and in any
quantity, so long as it is sold in its
natural condition as cured on the
farm ; that this, however, was a per-
sonal privilege accorded the farmer
and grower only, which could not be
delegated to any other person,

4

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

SEED SELECTION

(Continued from Page 2)

root-shaped bottom, sold by most gro-
cery stores, is the best kind of a bag
under ordinary conditions. If the plant
will not support the bag a stake should
be arranged to hold it up. The bag
should be moved up the stalk occas-
ionally in order to accommodate the
extremely rapid growth of the plant at
this stage of development.

Seed saved in this way is larger,
heavier and lighter in color than the
seed saved in the oidinary manner.
The plants grown from the seed saved
under the bag grow vigorously and
produce the b;st plants. The most
striking effect of this method of saving
seed, however, is the wondeiful uni-
formity of the plants grown from seed
saved in this manner in the field, a
condition which is not found in any
other crop so tar as known. The num-
ber of leaves, their shape and size, the
number of suckeis,the height of plants,
the size and natuie of the venation of
the leaves, the earliness — in fact, all of
the important characters are transmit-
ted from the parents to the progeny of
the tobacco plants with almost absolute
certainty.

THE USE OF SPROUTED SEED

It is a common custom in the Con-
necticut valley to sprout a part of the
seed before sowing in the seed beds.
This sprouting is usually done in rotted
apple tree wood or cocoanut fiber.
When the sprouts have been well start-
ed they are thoroughly separated and
sowed with an e(iual measure of dry
seed. There is no doubt but that this
method produces the earliest plants,
and the sprouted seed in the present
arrangement of seed beds means a gain
of several days in earliness for a part
of the plants. However, it was ob-
served this last season that where
plants from sprouted seed grew side by
side with plants from dry seed, other
differences could often be observed. In
many cases the diseased and freak
plants could be traced directlv to the
sprouted seed.

In other words, it seems probable,
parti(!ularly where the sprouts are al-
lowed to grow one-quarter inch or more
before sowing in the seed bed, that
many of the young plants are injured
during the process of sowing in the bed
This injury tre(juently results in abnor
inal plants which develop unusual and
undesirable types of plants. If the
seed is sprouted before sowing, it
should be sowed before the sprouts
reach over a quartei of an inch in
length. In fact, it is desirable to sow
as soon as the young sprouts appear,
and any injured plants which are found
at the time of transplanting should be
discarded.

THE INFLUENCE OP [>AROE HEAVY
SEED

The small amount of seed necestiary
to sow a large seed bed, and the minute
size of the seed, have resulted in a
neglect of the effect of the differences
of weight of seed; in the growth and
tJevelopment of the plants. It has been

fully demonstrated by foreign experi-
ments that the heavy seed produces the
most vigorous and best type of plants
and the largest yield of the best quality
of tobacco. In the writer's experience
in the Connecticut valley it was found
that by separating the seed and sowing
the heavy and light grades in dift'erent
sections of the seed bed the heavy seed
produced the most uniform and vigo
rous seedlings. The light seed pro-
duced a large proportion of small,
freakish and undesirable plants, which
were not ready to be set out for several
days after the plants fiom the heavy
seed. Every grower should carefully
separate the tobacco seed, no matter
how carefully the parents were select-
ed, and use only the heaviest seed for
planting.

Owing to the small size of the seed
it is very difficult to separate the light
and heavy grades. The only practical
method is by the use of an air current,
or air blast machine designed by the
writer. In this machine the seed is
lifted in a glass tnbe by means of a
current of air and the light seed blown
out of the tube while the heaviest seed
remain at the bottom. Home authori-
ties recommend throwing the seed into
water, allowing the heavy seed to sink
to the bottom of the vessel and skim-
ming off the light seed. This method
is faulty in that small bubbles of air
prevent the uniform settling of the
heavy seed and, after the separation, it
is necessary to either sow tlie seed im-
mediately or dry it thoroughly for
preservation.

THE EFFECT OF AGE ON VITALITY

The vitality of tobacco seed is pre-
served for several years and is appar-
ently a.= good for pruducing vigorous

plants as when harvested. However,
it has been demonstrated that very old
seed has very weak vitality and pro-
duces weak and wholly undesirable
plants. The effect of age on the seed
depends on the condition of the seed
when harvested, the manner of storing
and keeping and the character of the
seed itself. In Cuba the vitality of
the seed is soon lost, especially when
stored in the ordinary manner by the
Cuban farmers. In fact, two or three
year old Cuban seed is of very doubtful
value, in many cases having entirely
lust its vitality. This loss of power in
germination may be due to several
causes, and particularly to two main
reasons- first, the practice of saving
sucker seed, and second, the moist at-
mosphere in Cuba. The poor quality
of the seed, combined with th.^ un
favorable climatic conditions, tend to
destroy the life of the seed very rapid-
ly. In any case it is the best plan to
use fresh seed every year when possi-
ble, and if it becomes necessary to use
old seed it is advisable to test its vital-
ity by sprouting some samples before
the seed is used for general sewing.

SELECTION OF PLANTS IN THE SEED
BED

One of the means of securing uni-
form crops is by the selection of plants
in the seed bed at the time of trans-
planting. At this early stage of
growth, the shape of leaf, the compara-
tive vigor of _' growth, and the general
type of the plants can be observed. If
this matter is taken into consideration
and the p'ants pulled by some one who
is capable of discarding the individuals
of poor type, the benefit from this
kind of selection will be very marked
and noticeable in the field. It is sup-

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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

I 5:

Indian Head Plantations

INCORPORATED

Grow^ers and PacKers
0/ Leaf Tobacco

SUMATRA (Grown under ClotH) CUBAN

CONNECTICUT HAVANA— (Swn-srown)— CONNECTICUT BROADLEAF

Assorting and Packing for the Trade

■ ^

L.

Plantation Houses and Office at

Granby Station

JV. r.. \. H. ir H. R. R.
Express, Telegraph and Freight

Address: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 32-14

TARIFFVIIvl^E

Connecticut

Sl

pleiuentary to the selection of seed
plants, and by combining both methods
of selection, the rHte of iuiproveiuent
can be increased and improved type
more rapidly developed,

STRAINS RESISTANT TO DISEASE

In a field of tobacco grown in the
Connecticut valley in 1903, most of the
plants were attacked and destroyed by
a root disease. A few of the plants in
different sections of this field developed
noimally and produced a desirable
type of tobacco. The seed from some
of these plants was sowed undei bag,
as well as the seed from a few of the
disea.sed plants which were not wholly
destroyed. Tbe seed from the resistant
plants produced healthy and vigorous
plants in 1904, which were set out in
the field that grew the diseased plants
the previous season. This crop was
fully resistant to the disease, and pro-
duced a uniform type of tobacco. The
seed saved from the diseased plant
produced weak seedlings, which when
set out in the field grew slowly, and
finally the leaves began to turn yellow
and the entire plants died before they
had reached one-half of theii full de-
velopment. This clear and decisive
case of resistance in tobacco is a good
foundation for the belief that resistant
types may be developed which will be
immune to the attacks of many of the
fungous diseases common to tobacco.

NEW AND IMPROVED HYBRID TYPES.

One of the most promising fields for

the ptoductiun of improved strains of
tobacco is the cros.siug of the native
acclimated varieties with the most val-
uable imported kinds of tobacco. In
the Havana seed and broadleaf varieties
there is a considerable portion of the
leaves not adapted to wrapping pur-
poses, but the large yield is such as to
produce profitable crops in favorable
Seasons. In 1903 the writer made
crosses of the Havana seed and broad-
leaf varieties with Cuban and Sumatra
tobaccos. The Havana seed and

Sumatra cross proiluced a type of leaf
somewhat shorter than the Havana seed
leaf, but very round and broad, with
very fine veins. The texture of the
leaf was even and uniform from tip to
base, so that practically all portions
could be used foi wiappers. The broad-
leaf and Cuban cross produced leaves
which were very round, with fine veins
of desirable texture from tip to base,
and on the whole a great improvement
over the broadleaf tobacco. As in the
case of the Havana and Sumatra cross,
this hybrid developed thin elastic
leaves, in which a greater portion
could he used for wrappei purposes.

The object of these crosses was to
secure types of tobacco adapted to the
purposes and market for which the
Havana seed and broadleaf varieties
were used, of improved quality, so
that a greater portion of the leaves
could be used for wrappers. From the
results of the hybrids thus far secured,
it seems very probable that such im-
provements can be secured. In other

words, by crossing the native varieties
with the valuable imported tobaccos,
types can be secured combining the
yield and hardiness of the native and
improved quality of the imported va-
rieties. The hybrids were much more
vigorous and productive than either
the native or imported parent varieties
and gave every indication of increased
yield and improved quality.

Windsor.

Large forces of men were employed
"taking down" tobacco duiing the re-
cent "damp." Tons of the leaf have
been taken from the poles, making
huge piles, ready for stiipping and
"sorting." Though the storm was not
considered a first-class "tobacco storm"
because it was rather too cold, many
persons who have been idle for months
will now find work for the remainder
of the winter.

East Hartford

Tobacco growers here are happy.
The mticb desired tobacco "damp, "
which the growers have been patiently
and anxiously awaiting, came Decem-
ber 37. Thick fog did the work.
Growers took advantage of their oppor-
tunity and immediately hustled about
for help.

Many growers worked all night with
disadvantages in the darkness. It is
said on good authority that the entire
1904 crop is now down.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Tobacco Cultivation

William F. >Vndross of East Hartford Describes
the Improved Methods of Gro'wtK

WILLIAM F. ANDROSS, the
well-knowri tobacco grower of
East Haitford uiatle a most interesting
and instructive address at the mid-
winter meeting ol the Oonnecticut
State Board of Agriculture in Hart-
ford, December l(i. Mr. Andross
opened his address with a description
of the earlier methods of tobacco cul-
ture, and continued:

In. 1835 the cultivation of the plant
received a great impetus in the state,
particularly in the vicinity of Hart-
lord. There nas been a steady in-
crease in the development and impor-
tance of the crop since that time.

Many and varied methods have been
applied to its cultivation. In this state
there are generally cultivated only
two varieties, broadleaf and Havana.
The methods of cnltivation are prac-
tically the same. Soils adapted to one
kind are adapted for both. For the
seed bed some warm sheltered spot
should be selected, a southern or
eastern exposure if possible. The use
of cloth or grass for covering, or
whether the bed sliall be sown dry or
sprouted is largely a matter of in-
dividual opinion. Forced plants are
earlier, but more liable to contract
disease, and require more labor.

Plants grown in an open bed, sown
at the same time with dry seed, will
on the first of August be in about the
same stage of advancement as most of
the tenderer plants grown under forced
conditions and less liable to develop
cailco and rust, though as a rule not
so desirable for mechanical setting.
where larger and more spindling
plants are a necessity. This open-bed
system, the old-fashioned way, though
almost obsolete for a few years, is
gradiially coming back into popularity
among some of the most successful and
oldest growers. Plants .^iet fioni the
ir>th to the 20th ot June invaiiably do
the best. Good, green, stocky plants,
with good roots apparently free from
disease are what the grower should
strive to secure. There are" different
methods of preparing the field. Coarse
material, like straw manure oi tobacco
stems, it is thought, are more profita
ble to plough under in the Fall and to
stimulate with commercial or bag
goods in the Spring. Eight to ten cords
of manure per acre are now generally
used with some fertilizer, mostly of a
nitrogenious nature, as a top dress-
ing 01 starter.

"The land should be made as smooth
as possible, especially if the machine is
to be used Plants should be pulled in
the early morning and the roots wet
before beginning to set. If plants are
set by hand they should be watered
immediately after setting, taking care
not to wash any dirt into the bud.
Tobacco is now generally set in rows.

three feet and four inches apart and
twenty-seven inches apart in the row.
This makes about 7,000 plants to the
acre; if Havana, 10 000 to 11,000.

Calico usually manifests itself a few-
days after setting, when such plants
should be removed and sound plants
set in their places. No one knows
the causes of calico. No one knows a
remedial agent for it. Plants thus
affected are sure to rust, and may as
well be removed at once. The di.sease
is not of a contagious nature, but some
times it will sweep over an entire field,
giving one that impression."

Continuing Mr. Andross considered
at length the subject of calico and its
probable causes. He said :

"Hoeing usually begins about ten
days after the setting. The resetting
follows the hoeing as a rule or else
after a rain when conditions are good
for the plants to take root quickly.
The first hoeing must be done carefully
as the plants are delicate, the second
hoeing can be done rapidly. A slight
hill can now be made to help sustain
the plants in a heavy wind.

"When the plants show a little color
in the bud it is time to top it. It
should be topped as low as the grower
thinks the leaves left will properly
develop. Generally a field has to be
gone over several times before the
plants can be topped.

"The period during which tobacco
ought to .stand between topping and
cutting depends on the stage of growth
It was ir. when topped, and is also
largel3' a matter of opinion. Twenty
to twenty-five days is considered neces-
sary, Havana a longer time. The fact
should be determined by a slight
change of color in the general aspect
of the field shewing the plants have
leached a degree of ripeness that will
warrant cutting."

Extended descriptions of the methods
ot cutting, hanging and curing were
given and reference made to the
methods of sorting.

Wapping

Seth Vinton, a lifelong resident of
Wapping, and one of the most highlj-
respected residents of the village, is
dead at the age of 80 years. Mr.
Vinton took an active inteiesl in town
affairs and represented the town of
South Windsor in the geneial assembly
in 1865. He also was a .iustice of the
peace in the town of South Windsor
for nearly thirty years. Mr. Vinton
was a familiar figure on the streets in
South Windsor and had a wide circle
of friends.

He is survived by his wife and four
children. The children are: Mrs.
Clinton Williams of Manchester, Mrs.
Edward P. Collins of Wapping, Miss

Mary B. Vinton, a teacher in the
Burnside school, and John Vinton;
also one brother, Chelsea Vinton of
Wapping. and one sister. Mrs. Esther
Little of Columbia.

IVest Suffield

The Village Improvement association
is planii'ng to form an organization of
farmers with the object of aiding the
tobacco and other farming industries.
Leaders in the movement are James E.
Hastings, W. H. Martin and O. O.
Bugbee. Leading tobacco growers are
heartily in favor of the plan, and in-
dications point to its being a success.

The first regular meeting is planned
for an early date in January at
Academy hall. It is proposed that the
club meet twice a month. This dis-
trict has a reputation for its Havana
tobacco, but growers say there is still
room for improvement, and the crop
can be made of more value to farmers
if more general up-to-date methods of
cultivation are employed.

Portland

The farmers aie awaiting a "damp"
in order to take down their tobacco.
Not over one third of the crop has
been laken from the poles and this has
been stripped and, in most cases,
assorted by the growers who are now
loafing.

Generally it is expected to have the
entire crop down and stripped from
the stalks by the first of December, but
this year there has been no rain. There
is seldom a year when there is not
plenty of rain, and it used to be the
old saying that winter would not begin
until the springs were full of water.

Jtnother Sutter Firm

Incorporated: Louis P. Sutter &
Bros., New York city. To deal in leaf
tobacco. Capital, |1,000. Directors:
J. E. Sutter, O. B. Dingens and J. B.
Douglass. New York.

York, Pennsylvania

The buying of the new tobacco
while still on the pole continues tight
along. In fact, most all of the best
crops have now been contracted for,
and at good figures, too, 8 and 9 and
13 being the prevailing prices. Never
before do I remember of a crop being
so anxiously sought after as the 1904.

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after your photogrraphic trade. StudiOt f039
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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

E.ssex Special Tobacco

Manure
and

Tobacco
Starter

LTHOUGH the prices of chemicals have ad-
''' vanced very much during the past season, we
guarantee to keep the analyses of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand-
ard of preceding years. CThe Growers that use our to-
bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight and a large percentage
of light goods in all seaSOns. CBuy our Tobacco
Starter for your seed-beds, your plants will be from ten
days to two weeks earlier than those grown on any other
formula. CSend for our Catalogue.

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MANUFACTURERS £f jz/ j» £^ £f .^f

GLOUCESTER, ^'MASS.

E. B. KIBBE:, General Agent, Box 752, Hartford, Conn.

Tobacco Irrigation

Value of M^ater Applied in tKe Drx Spells
TKat Often Come

Cigar Leaf Market

T^CoKE tban one tobacco giowtr in
■*• *• Npw England i.s thinking of
trying a small irrigation plant nest
season, with a view to lieteruiiuing
whether it would not pay on a large
.scale. The growers interested in these
plana have noted that there is scarcely
a year, no matter how favorable in
general, that does not contain a dry
spell, usually just after the young
plants have been set in the field.

To help the tobacco plants through
such a spell, and prevent them from
lieing checked in growth, and becom-
ing inclined to stuntedness, is oelieved
to be worth the trouble and expense.

The ordinary idea of irrigation is the
practice of farming in avid or semi-arid
regions, where crops can be produced
(inly by means of regular applications
of water from flumes and ditches,
these applications taking the place of
the showers in the liumid portions of
the country.

Market gardening in the East, where
the rainfall is usually considered sufiB-
cient, has led to the development of
small irrigation systems, and these
point the way to the artificial watering

of tobacco and other valuable and ex-
jiensive field crops as well.

Local convenience of water supply
is of course an important factoi in the
introduction of iirigation in tobacco,
and the first systems arc naturally
found on farms well supplied with
running water, where irrigation can be
entered upon without much initial ex
pense.

The spiinkling system does not seem
so much in favor as a few years ago.
and in New England the usual plan is
(o carry the water to different parts
and levels of the field, and thence dis-
tribute it by flowing through the fur-
rows. Sprinkling is held by many to
tend to spot or rust the tobacco leaf,
and although this method most closely
imitates the rainfall and theie seems
to have been little thorough observa-
tion or investigation, there seems to
1)6 a prejudice against it and afeeling
in favor of the trough or furrow plan.
Hillstown

Graham of New Milford lias bought
Ueoige Bancroft's crop and pronounced
it the best in quality that he had
bought for thirty years. Prices in
harmony with the crop.

The New York market in domestic'
leaf has lately been devoid of any
special features. There is, neverthe-
less, a wholesome appearance to the
sitiation despite the fact that the ap-
proach of the holidays makes itself felt.
Among the sales reported are some of
the 1903. Penns.vlvania, amounting to
1,500 cases at \i to 15 cents, fillers out.
A few hundred cases of Havana Seed
leaf from the New England crop have
also changed hands. Numerous other
small sales, ranging from ten to fifty
cases, are reported, without details, by
The New York Tobacco Leaf.

Sumatra. — The volume of business
done in this type remains about the
same. The quantity of leaf in the
hands of the manufacturers is small.
A considerable (luantity of goods
arrives each week, and the dealers and
manufacturers are buying more
lilierally than was the case a few
weeks ago. A fairly active market is
reported.

Havana— The demand continues to
exceed the supply. Several small lots
were imported during the past week,
but have been taken up about as fast as
they arrive. A number of transactions
have been reported, but mostly in
small lots, and with people in need of
immediate stocks. The decrease in
the number of bales imported for the
first eleven months of the year, as
compared with the same period of last
year, is in excess of 37,000.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^he New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

S3 Trumbull street^

Hartford Fire Insurance Building

Hartford, Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
Ten Cents a Copy.

Official Journal of The New Euglaiul
Tobacco Growers' Associatioa.

PAUL ACKERLY, Editor.

Volume VI.

Number 5.

Entered al the Hartford Post-Office as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, JANUARY, J905.

SEED SELECTIOM

£\V ENGLAND growers of

Nleaf tobacco are awake to
the value of plant breed-
ing, and the progress
made in the development
of better strains of grains,
fruits and vegetaliles.
has not gone unnoticed
in the tobacco producing
sections of tlic Connecti-
cut and Housatonic Val-
leys. Such startling achievements
as the recently announced thorn-
less cactus, developed by Luther Bur-
bank, are not to be expected in to-
bacco cultuie; but there can be much
improvement along the lines of better
leaf shapes, great uniformity of plants,
and increased yield of leaf to the acre.
The Department of Agriculture,
through its Bureau of Plant Industry,
has been giving attention to this sub-
ject of tobacco seed selection and im-
provement, and it is of great impor-
tance to the tobacco-growing industry
that these investigations be continued
and carried to the point of actual com-
mercial demonstration, with no irritat
ing gap between the declaration of
tentative results and the practical and
general acceptance of the discoveries.

The Bureau of Plant Industry,
whose chief is Dr. B. T. Galloway, is
one of the bureaus that actually ac-
complishes things, and has a record of
real achievements back of it. The
plant breeding work, such as the im-
provement of cotton and the orange,
of wtieat and corn, is one of the most

important features of the bureau's
work, and give promise of earnest en-
deavor and good results with the
tobacco plant.

Where these previous investigations
have had to do with the flower and
the fruit, the tobacco plant brings in
the problem of the foliage. To per-
suade a plant to increase its display of
leaves, to improve its arrangement of
them on the stalk, and to modify for
the better their shape, texture, fer-
menting and burning qualities is no
small undertaking. Yet plant breed-
ing has successfully solved hardei
problems than these, and no one who
has inspected the work of the Bureau
of Plant Industry at Granby, East
Haittord and elsewhere, can remain
unconvinced by the demonstrations
made of the transmission of good and
bad qualities from one plant genera-
tion to another. To determine the
lines of heredity, and develop strains
of the regularly recognized wrapper
tobacco types, yet including the good
qualities of good parent plants, is a
work well worth doing.

A great deal has been accomplished
along these lines by observation and
selection by private growers, but it is
necessary to have the public work con
tinned, so that a better foundation fur
such improvement of tobacco plants
can be obtained than that afforded tjy
one season's work — no matter how
convincing or successful that one sea-
son's results may have been.

Lack of damp weather woiks the
greatest hardship to the warehouse
hands, who have to be idle at a season
when there is little other employment
to be had. The grower and packer
can wait, with such patience as their
temperaments permit, for their return
will come in time; but the idle work-
man can not well make up for the loss
of time.

A newly-invented machine (said to
weigh nine and a half tons) flattens
out stems ant! veins between rollers,
so that tobacco leaf can lie used for
smoking and plug manufacture without
stemming. Tobacco with the heaviest
veins should be the most sought for
type in the plug regions hereafter.

Dayton, in Ohio, is the home of the
sizing-mai.'hine enthusiasts. When
their machines work there will be no
need of the present slow and expensive
system of arranging leaves in their
lengths by band.

The growers in New England have
been given several displays this season.
ot how wet and rainy a day can be.
and yet too cold for dampening the
hanging tobacco.

Florida cigar-leaf giowers seem to
have had a good season for tobacco
production, but with prices so moder-
ate as to disappoint the farmers.

For uniformly good crops, thrifty
of growth, well handled in both field
and shed, the New England growers
hold the lead in 1904.

E^ST HERTFORD BROJtDLEJtF

The expectations of the growers as
to the "sorting out" of the new crop
of tobacco have been realized so far.
A large number of crops have been
delivered in part, though 1 have heard
of but one individual, 18 cases, de-
livering all.

So far I have not heard a word of
complaint from the packer, in regard
to quality or color. 1 find the colors
fully as light as I figured them. The
weights are better than was at first
supposed. What may be the ultimatum
of that portion of the crop still hang-
ing remains to be seen. There is very
little complaint of pole sweat. I find
the shrinkage in sorting a ton to be
only 50 pounds, a remarkably light
falling off. I am ot the opinion that
the crop will run over 60 per cent,
wrappers of all kinds, and perhaps 50
p?r cent of light wrappers. 1 have seen
some that were seven-eighths of both.

There have been no sales here since
last report, as there is comparatively
none to sell. There may be a few lots
unsold in the outlying broadleaf dis-
tricts. The recent lack of activity on
the part of the buyers is due to the
fact that there has been no opportunity
for examination, as the weather has
been so dry, — an almost unprecedented
drought having occurred since the
damp late in October. The ware-
houses of Osterwise and Graves are the
only ones regulaily opened here.
Tlieso are both private packers; they
may both aggregate 330 hands, assort-
ing.

Labor is at present easily obtainable
though when the rush comes it will all
be wanted. From $1.00 to |1.75 is
paid for the usual day's work.

My estimate of the proportion of
the crop now hanging is about two
thirds. Many have not taken down a
plant. Some only a few bales. It will
make it late for the warehouses.

It seems strange that so many farm-
ers will allow the disfigurement of
their own buildings, even if they care
nothing about the land.«cape generally,
by the daubing over of tlieir fences,
barns and l)uilding8 with unsightly
signs and advertisements, which must
certainly have the tendency to give a
"cheap John'' look to the place.

W. F. A.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Association
Meeting'

The twenty-second annual
meeting of the New England To-
bacco Growers' Association will be
held at the State Capitol, Hart-
ford, Tuesday, January 10, 1905,
assembling in Room 50, at 10 a. m.

The annual election of officers
and directors will take place at
this meeting. We are authorized
to state that both the President,
Edmund Halladay, and the Secre-
tary and Treasurer, Paul Ackerly,
will not be candidates for re-elec-
tion.

The name of William S. Pinney,
a leading grower of Suffield, has
been mentioned for the presidency,
succeeding Mr. Halladay.

At the meeting the Philippine
question will come up for discus-
sion, and other important subjects
for consideration will be brought
before the members.

Dr. H. J. Webber, of the Bureau
of Plant Industry, Department of
Agriculture, whose work in plant
breeding has attracted so much
attention, is expected to be present
at the meeting.

JtGJUNST REDUCTIOM

The following is a copy of a letter
written to each Senator and Represent
ative in the present Congress:

Sufiaeld. Conn., Dec 32, 1904.

Dear Sir: — To aid the Philippines,
the proposition is made that there shall
be a fnither reduction of the United
States tariff on the products of those
islands.

Among these products is tobacco, au
article holding a most important place
in the agricultural economy of the
United States. To make a further re-
duction of the duties on Philippine to-
bacco would transfer to these Islands a
very large part of the business which
now supports thousands of American
citizens in the cigar-leaf growing dis-
tricts of the United States. — citizens
whose investments in this specialized
form of agiiculture can not well be
turned to other use.

If this plan of reduction comes before
you for decision, we desire you to bi'ar
in mind the interests of the tobacco
growers of New England and of the
other leaf-producing districts of the
United States.

Lest this appear as a blutt protest
against aid justly due to a newly ac-

(luired and uncxploited dependency of
the United State", we call your atten-
tion to the peculiarity of the leaf tobac-
co situation, whereby all tropical
countries suited to tobacco culture and
having supplies of cheap labor are able
to compete with the home producers in
temperate climntes, even with protec-
tive tariff-i. If it be the destiny of the
Philippine Islands to produce leaf to
bacco anci cigars on a large commercial
scale, such an industry will surely de-
velop there without further reduction
of our present tariffs, which are such
as allow tropical countries having no
3.5 jier cent, advantage to ship tremen-
dous quantities of tobacco to the Uni-
ted States in competition with home
growers.

Respectfully,

Edmund Halladay,

President.
Thaddeus Graves,
E. N. Phelps,
Frank Abbe, Committee.

Leaf Dealers' Reports

The Commissioner of Internal Reve-
nue has advised the collectors to notify
leaf dealers who were negligent in their
reports that unless they promptly com-
plied with the law and regulations
their names would be reported to the
Commissioner of Internal Revenue,
with a view of i-eferring the cases to
the United States district attorney for
prosecution. In regard to report, Book
.■jil.page 15 of the regulations require:
"Dealers in leaf tobacco shall with-
in ten days alter the close of each
(juarter year, and upon discontinuing
business, balance their Books 59 and
return to collcotora for their respective
districts one copy of said book, with
the sales therein properly verified, un
der oath, of such dealer or his manag
er."

Further, that tne penalty for failure
to comply with this regulation will be
found in Section 31160 of the revised
statutes, which reads as follows:

"Every dealer in leaf tobacco shall
make entries in two books kept for
that purpose, one book to be furnished
hy the government, under sucli regu-
lations as the Commissioner of Inter-
nal Revenue shall prescribe, of the
number of hogsheads, cases anrl pounds
of leaf tobacco purchased or received
by him on assignment, consignment,
transfer or otherwise, and of whom pur-
chased or received, and the number of
hogsheads, cases or pounds sold by him,
with the name and residence in each
instance, of the person to 'whom sold,
and if shipped, to whom shipped, and
to what district: one of these books
shall be kept at hia place of business,
and shall be open at all hours to the
inspection of any internal revenue
officer 01 agent, and the other shall,
at the end of each and every year, and
upon the discontinuance of business of
any leaf dealer during any year, be
handed over to the collector of hia dis-
trict for the use of the government.
And every dealer in leaf tobacco who
willfully neglects or refuses to keep
the books herein provided for, and in

New England Tobacco
Growers' Association.

President
EDMUND HJILLMD^^Y, Suffield., Conn.

Vice-President
THJiDDEUS GRMVES, Hatfield, Matt.

Secretary and Treasurer
PJtVL MCKERLY, Rockvltle, Conn.

Office
53 Trumbull Street, Hartford, Conn.

Directors.

Wm. F. Andross, South Windsor, Conn,
.loseph H. Pierce, Etifield, Conn.
M. W. Frisbie, Southington, Conn.
William S. Pinney, SufHeld, Conn.
H. W. Alford, Poquouock, Conn.
Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor, Conn.

B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.
F. K. Porter, Hatfield, Mass.
Albert Hurd, North Hadley, Mass.
J. C. Carl, Hatfield, Mass.

C. M. Hubbard, Sunderland, Mass.
W. H. Porter, Agawam, Mass.
Lyman A. Crafts, East Whately, Mass.
James S Forbes, Burnside, Conn.
George U. Eno. Simsbury, Conn.

W. E. Burbank, Suifield, Conn.
E.O.;^Hills, Southwick, Mass.
James Morgan, Hartford, Conn.
H. Austin, Suffield, Conn.
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass.
H. S. Frye, Poquonock, Conn.

the manner which shall be prescribed
by the Commissioner of Internal Reve-
nue or to transfer to the collector of
his district as herein provided the du-
plicate cojiy containing his daily trans-
actions as aforesaid shall be fined not
less than |100 nor more than l.iOOO and
imprisoned not more than one year."

,AT LJtST THE DAMP

The heavy storm of Tuesday, Dec.
37, with the rain and fog continuing
until late in the forenoon of the 38th,
proved to be the damp so long awaited
by the tobacco growers.

In all the tobacco towns the work of
taking down tobacco was energetically
pushed, and as a result the waiehouses
will have tobacco to keep them busy,
instead of having to shut down, as
was the pro.spect until the coming of
(his damp.

All the readers of The New England
Tobacco Grower are requested to send
to this oflace reports of sales made in
their neighborhoods.

Trust Study

An investigation of the methods of
the tobacco trust has been started by
the United States Government.

JO

THE NEW "ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Cigar Manufacturers

Association of America Points Out the Dangers
From a Philippine Reduction

TIHE Cigar Mamifncturers' Asso
ciation of America addresses
^^,1 the trade as follows:
S^iaj On behalf of the cigar
inanrfacturing industry, as
well as the allied industries of tobacco
growing, and the labor employed in
handling tobaccos and the adjuncts of
said trade, we desire to call your
earnest and immediate attention to the
absolute necessity for immediately do-
ing your part in preventing Congress
from reducing the tariff ou tobaccos
and cigars, cheroots and the lilie, im-
ported into the United States from the
Philippine Islands, to the proposed
rate of 25 per cent, of the present
Dingley taiiff rates on said articles.

The danger is imminent and
threatening. A recommendation has
been made by the Secretary of War,
ex-Gtovernor Taft, that such reduction
be made, and Governor Taft stands
high in the aiiectious of the American
people, and especially in connection
with all matters pertaining to the
Philippine Islands.

The general press of the country,
having no exact intoimation on the
subject, appears to be clamoring, not
only for the mooted reduction, but
that free trade be given the Philippine
islands upon such commodities, as well
as upon all other articles of commerce.
If. the said proposed reduction of
taking off 7.5 per cent, of the present
Dingley tariff rates on tobacco, raw
and manufactured, should prevail, a
great part of our tobacco farmers, as
well as many of our cigar maliers and
the woiknien employed in said allied
industries, will within a brief period
be without occupation, because, inas-
much as labor is the greatest element
of value in all products, it will be im-
possible for American labor, even with
the adjuncts of machinery, to compete
with the native and coolie labor, which
is employed and can be obtained in
enormous and almost limitless num-
bers in the Philippine Islands.

The following are a few of the many
reasons why such proposed reduction
should not obtain and prevail on the
part of the Congress of the United
States;

Because it is unfair, unjust and in-
equitable to attack the iiidustiies of
tobacco raising and manufacturing to-
bacco in the United States, which
industries give employment to hun-
dreds of thousands of wage earners at
living wages, in order to build up an
industry which does not substantially
exist at the present time in the Philip-
pine islands.

Because the cigai manufacturing
industry of the United States, accord-
ing to the latest official Internal Reve
uue reports, produces upwards of seven
thousand millions cigars annually.

The last annual production of cigars of
all kinds, including cheroots, in the
Philippine Islands was only one hirn-
dred and fifty millions. These figures
speak for themselves.

Because reliable and authentic sta-
tistics show that there were emi loyed
during the past year only about {i,'ih2
cigar workers in the Philippine
Islands, earning total daily wages of
only $2,. 539. 87, making an average of
about 40 cents per day wages for labor
working from early in the morning un-
til late at night. The average wages
earned by American cigar rollers,
working only eight hours, is'|1.77>2
Tpn- day, or 33 3-10 cents per hour.

Because there was exported from the
Philippine Islands last year about 90,-
000,000 pounds of tobacco at the aver-
age price of but 4><j to ^% cents per
pound; whereas the average price of
domestic tobacco in this country is in
the neighborhood of 20 cents per
pound.

Because if said reduction should ob-
tain and prevail the following result
would attack the cigar industry of this
country: The average cost of cigars
in Manilla of fancy shapes and sizes
runs from |10 to $2fi per thousand.
Under the proposed reduction, a
medium size cigar, weighing 12
pounds per thousand, of the cheaper
quality, could be laid down at the port
of San Francisco, with United States
duty and Internal Revenue taxes paid,
at a cost of about only |17.63 per
thousand; the high grades would be
landed at from |4 to |6 above this
price.

The American-made five and ten-
cent cigars would be in time absolutely
driven out of the market, being unable
to withstand such pauper labor com
petition.

Becau,se experience has demonstrated
that the taste for new flavored to-
baccos is an acquired one which can be
successfully cultivated, as witness the
enormou.t^ use of Sumatra tobacco for
wrapping purposes in this country,
where at one time, because of its
peculiar flavor, not a bale of it was
used.

Because experience demonstrates
that with the entering wedge inserted
in favor of the Philippine Islands, as
against the American industries, there
will be a constant betterment and im-
piovement in the class of goods pro-
duced in the Philippine Islands, and
that in course of time oui great domes-
tic clear Havana cigar industiy will
be equally threatened.

Because of the great opportunity
afforded the American Tobacco Co.,
the tobacco trust, of acquiring a com-
plete monopoly of the tobacco and
cigar industries in the Philippine
Islands, and using the same as a fur-

ther^weapon of absorption and destruc-
tion.

Because the incentive of obtaining
control of the American market will
stimulate the growth of finer grades of
leaf tobacco, and the production of
better grades of cigars in said Islands;
and that while it is commendable and
laudable to aid the Philippine Islands,
and the inmates thereof, to work out
their political and economical salva-
tion, yet such a desirable consumma-
tion should not be granted the Philip-
pine Islanders, at the expense of our
own citizens and our own native indus-
tries. The Philippine Islanders cer-
tainly are not entitled to higher claims
of consideration than was accorded to
citizens of Cuba; and there is already
a five pel cent, less rate of duty in
favor of the Phillipine Islands than
was granted to the citizens of Cuba
under the Cuban Reciprocity Treaty.

Because, to be perfectly frank and
plain. "Charity begins at home," and
while we earnestly desire to follow
and pursue a proper charitable and
humane policy toward the natives of
the Philippine Islands, yet their
economic growth and development
should be gradual, and should not be
attended by a sudden revolution threat-
ening the life, well being and future
existence of two such important
American industries as are tobacco
raising and tobacco manufacturing.

There are numerous other reasons,
but the foregoing are sufficient to call
your attention to the gravity of the
situation, and to ask you to do your
share in helping avert the impending
evil.

We are acting conjointly with the
National Cigar Leaf Tobacco Associa-
tion, Clear Havana Manufacturers'
Association, Retail Dealers of
America, American Tobacco Growers'
Association and other tobacco and
cigai trade associations.

Morris S. Wise, Secretary.

$25-00

THE ONLY RE4L TYPEWRITER

At a Low Price
It combines universal kf.viioakd,

STRONG MANIFOLDING, MIMEOGRAPH
STENCIL CUTTING, VISIBLE WRITINr.
and INI RRCHANGEADI.F TVPE.
The postal will be sent en i week's trial.

Writetor our Booklet & Installment Plan ]

REMOVAL NOTICE
The favor whi< h the Postal met since it
Hrst appeared on the market iS months
ago, has necessitated a larger factory,
which wc now have at Norwalk,Conn.
Postal Type^vriter Co.

Main omcc iS: Factory , Norwalk , Ct.
^ales- 1 1 140 Broad'y, XcwVork
rooms ^ IIS Dearborn St, Chicago

Reliable Agents Wanted

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

(I

Bloomfield Trolley

TalR oi\ a Project TKat >VouId Help Tobacco
To'wn Communication

«J[IRAM R. MILLS and otber lesi
•■• * dents and property owners in the
ti)wn of Blooiufield have held a confei
ence with officials of the Hartford
Street Railway Company and presented
tlieir views and suggestions in support
of a petition that the trolley company
extend its line from the present termi-
nus at Mt. St. Benedict Cemetery,
about two and a halt miles into the
centre of the town of Bloomfield. The
railway officials present were President
R. S. Goodrich. Vice-President Samuel
O. Dunham, General Manager Norman
.McD. Crawford and Director Atwood
Collins. The Bloomfield people present
were Mr. Mills, First Selectman James
E. Fasian, Selectman Franklin B.
Miller. Alfred N. Filley, Nathan F.
Miller, F. C. Bidwell, Dwight C. Nhw-
berry.

Mr. Mills presented the views of the
Bloomfield people similar to those pre-
sented before, more than once. He
uiged that the road was necessary for
the convenience of residents of Bloom-
field who do business in this city, for
those who have to come to Hartford to
do their trading, for the traveling-
public generally and to develop the
town by furnishing means of commuui
catifin with Hartford and the interven-
ing suburbs.

The preference of the BloomfielLi
people was for a trolley line ovei the
highway into Bloomfield centre, but
the street railway officials thought that
a better route would be a portion of
the way on the highway and then
across private property to th? station
of the Central New England railway
in Bloomfield. The promoters of the
trolley extension would not object to
that, their sole desire being for com-
munication with Hartford and the rest
of the world. The street railway
officials received the Bloomfield people
courteously and discussed the matter.
They agreed to go over the route in
person and consider the matter further.

There is an existing <;harter for a
trolley road in Bloomfield, which was
granted by the (ieneral Assembly in
1897 and has been extended from time
to time until it now expires July 1.
1905. The name of the road is the
BloomHeld, Tariftville & East Granby
Tramway Company and the incorpora-
tors were Henry O. Douglass and S. B.
Douglass of Windsor Locks; J. Cleve-
land Capen, George F. Capen and
Hiram R. Mills of Bloomfield, Jeffrey
<). Phelps, jr., (jecjrge D. Curtis and
D. F. Keenan of Hartford; Charles
A. Griswold, Frank A. Strong and
Robert F. Way of West Hartford.

The authorized capital of the road is
1100,000 with the privilege of increas-
ing to 1300,000. Under the terms of
its charter the road may build in prac-

tically any highway in Bloomfield from
the city line of Hartford, and may con
nect with any line of the Hartford
Street Railway Company which enters
Hartford. The company has been
(Uganized but no construction work
has yet been done. It will be before
the General Assembly at the coming
session with an application for an ex-
tension of its charter.

Afeuj Milford

There is some movement in tobacco.
Part crops, dampened by the small
storm a number of weeks ago, are be
ing brought in. The American To-
bacco Company is making shipments
of such crops and at the local ware-
houses assorting has increased because
of part crops delivered. Carl Schover-
ling is employing 35 men at the
benches and J. S. Halpine has a force
at work.

All that is needed to make business
brisk is a good, regular tobacco storm
to dampen the greater part of the to-
bacco crop and put it into the hands
of the buyers and assorters.

♦

ANNOUNCEMENT

Having- refitted and restocked our store at No. 218 State street, Hartford. Conn., we in
vite everyone interested in Entjri"^^, imprnved Farm Machinery and Water Works x
call and inspect our samples;.

OUR POLICY

We shall liave no agents except our own traveling" salesmen, and shall sell direct froi
the manufacturers to our customers. Purchasers will have the benefit of instructjci
and advice from our force of experts, who will start all machinery, instead of from ii
competent agents with little or noexperieuce.

We are sole atrenis for Abenaque. Alamo and Anderson Gas and Gasolene Kng^inr-
Kenip's 20th Century Manure Spreader, Freeman Special WindmilU. Climax Blowr
Cutlers, Harder's Round Silos, Sharpless Cream Separator.

Send for circular'; if von cannnt call.

U/>e B. L. BRAGG COMPANY

27 Lyman Street
Springfield. Mass.

^fk-

218 State Street
Hartford, Conn

f

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SoutHem
Home

JOld,

(3-

In a country free from excessi\-e heaL and
healthful and prosperous

LANDS AT LO'W PRICES

For printed matter, circulars, etc., giving- full
particulars, write

M. V. RICHARDS

Land and Industrial Agent, Southern Railway
and Mobile & Ohio K. R. Jt Jt ^ Jt

■WASHINGTON, D. C.

©

12

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Produce Market

Latest Neiv YorK Quotations for Vegetables and
otKer Country Products

Brans and Peas- -Tbe demand was
confined to a few small lots that were
needed for curient use. Holders are
asking late prices, and do not seem
disposed at the moment to make furth-
er concessions. Beans -Marrow, 1904
choice, per bnshel, $'2 6.5 to |3 67 do
fair to good, 13 45 to $2 60; do medium
1904, choice, |1 8.5; do pea, 1904,
$1 70; do red kidney. 1904, |2 80 to
$2 85; do black turtle soup. |3 10
do yellow eye, 1904, $2 15; do lima,
California, §3; GREEN Peas -Scotch,
1904, bags, per bush, |1 05 to $1 07 >^.

Butter — The market maintains a
very firm tone on desirable grades of
fresh creamery. Regular buyers
wanted about all of the fine lots that
came in on the basis of 27 to 27)^c;
some outside buyers bid the latter fig-
ure for high scoring lots, and did not
receive much consideration.

Fruits— Fresh — Apples plenty and
weak, lirapes selling slowly. Cran-
berries dragging. Strawberries firm-
er. Apples, Jonathan, hand picked,
per double head bbl., $2 to $3 50; do
Far Western, per bush box, |1 75 to
|2 25; do Snow, hand-picked, per
double head bbl., |1 75 to |3 50; do
King, Northern, $3 50 to $3 50; do
Western New-York, $3 to f 3; doSpit?;-
enberg. Northern, |2 50 to |3 50; do
Western New-York, |2 to |3; do Spy,
$3 to 12 50; do Ben Davis, Northern,
II 75 to |2 25; do Western New- York,
$1 50 to f2; do Baldwin, Northern,
$1 75 to $2 25; do Western New-York,
jl 25 to |2; do Greening, Northern,
$3 to $2 50; do Western New-York,
11 25 to !||;2; do open heads, $1 to |3;
do loose apples, in bulk, per 150 lb.,
75c to II 50.

Poultry— Alive -There is scarce-
ly any demand, and prices nominally
unchanged: Fowls — Western, per lb,
lOi^c; do Southern, 10c; Chickens—
Western, per lb., 9c; roosters. Western,
old, per Ih , 7c; Turkeys— old, per
lb., 13 to 13c; Ducks -Western, aver-
age, per pair, 70 to 80c; do Southern,
60 to 65c; Geese -Western, average,
per pair, $1 50 to |I 75; do Southern,
11 35 to $1 37; PIGEONS — Live, per
pair, 2Cc. Dressed— Further consid-
erable lots of delayed stock coming in.
Turkeys are in very large surplus, and
to sell today 16 to 17c would be all
that could be reached for average fin-
est Western, but holders of strictly
fancy stock did not feel like shading
18c, preferring to carry over. Chick-
ens and fowls in large accumulation,
very dull and weak. Really fancy
ducks and geese have cleaned up fairly
hut considerable surplus medium
grades. Squabs about steady.

Potatoes and Vegetables— Irish
potatoes steady. Sweet potatoes quiet
and easy. Cabbages firm. CanliHow-
era lower. Cucumbers dull. Kale aud

spinach weak and lower. Lettuce
dragging heavily unless fancy. Peas
weak. String beans sell well when
fancy, but poor stock neglected and
low. Tomatoes steady. Other veget-
ables range about as quoted : Pota-
toes -State and Western, in bulk, per
180 lb., II 37 to $1 62; do per 168 lb.,
bag, |1 25 to |1 50; do per 150 lb. bag,
fl 35; do Long Island, per 168 lb. bag,
|1 75 to $3; do in bulk, per 180 lb.,
|1 87 to 13 12: do Jersey, in bulk, per
180 lb., II 37 to II 62; do per bbl. or
bag, |1 35 to 11 50; do Maine, per 168
lb. bag, 11 25 to |1 50; do Bermuda,
No. 1, per bbl,, $4 50 to |5 50; SWEET
POTATOES-Cumberland County, N. J.,
per bbl., .f3 50 to 13 50; do South Jer-
sey, per double head bbl., |2 to |3; do
Jersey, yellow, per half- bbl. basket,
75c to |1 25; BRUSSELS SPROUTS -
Per qt. , 4 to 10c; Beets— New Or-
leans, per 100 bunches, |3 50 to $3 50;
do nearby, per bbl., |1 50 to |2; Car-
rots-New Orleans, per 100 bunches,
13 to I 3 50; do nearby, per bbl., H to
$1 50; Cabbages -Danish seed, red,
per ton, |30 to |35; do white, |12 to
114; do domestic, |9 to|12; do Savoy
and red, per 100, |2 50 to $3 50; do

Flat Dutch, 12 to 13 do per bbl., 75c
to |1 25; Cauliflowers — Long Is-
laufi, per bbl., |1 to 13 50; Cucum-
bers -Florida, per basket, |1 50 to
|3 50; Celery— Extra fancy, per doz-
en stalks, 50 to 60c; do fancy, 80 to
40c; do small to medium, per dozen,
10 to 25c; Onions-- Connecticut and
Eastern, white, per bbl, |2 to |7; do
yellow. 13 50 to |3; do red, |2 25 to
$3 75; do Orange County, N. Y.,
white, per bag, |2 to |3; do yellow,
per bag, |2 to |3 75; do red, |2 to
|3 62; do State and Western, white,
per bush crate, 11 35 to |3 35; do yel-
low, per 150 lb., |2 50 to |3 12; do
per bag, $2 50 to 12 75; do red, in
bulk, per 150 1b., |2 50 to $3; do per
bag, 12 50 to |2 75.

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Advertisements under this head cost one
cent a word each time; no a.i veriisement taken
for less than twenty cents; cash or stamps
must accompany orders, which should be re-
ceived by the 25th of tbe month.

WANTED— Position as consulting- and man-
ae-ing- superintendent in leaf tobacco culture.
No objection to g'oiiig' abroad. Box 37, care of
New Enj,'-land Tobacco Grower.

WANTED TO PURCHASE-Second hand
tobacco baling press. Box 38, care of New
England Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Distributer for the output of a
small cifi"ar factory makingr a specialty of $25
and $30 g-oods. Box 34, Care The New England
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Second-liand g-reen bone cutter.
D. L. B., Box 19, Rockville, Connecticut.

(US
(IS

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A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobacco Groovers

FOR any business man, pro-
fessional man, or industry-,
is easily obtained by con-
sulting the Industrial Depart-
ment. CThe proposition submit-
ted will be attractive, embodv-
ing just the information desired
to intelligently consider such an
important matter as change of
location. COur monthly maga-
zine of Southern opportunities
will prove invaluable to those
interested in the South.

THE LAND OF
MANATEE

I

S the most beautiful section
of America, heretofore with-
out rail facilities. The cli-
mate is delightful, the atmos-
phere salt-laden and perfumed
by thousands of blossoming
orange, lemon, grape fruit and
guava trees and the most beauti-
ful and fragrant of flowers. CA
land of perfect health, ideal
living, where crime, trouble and
ill health are as yet positively
unknown. Manatee booklets de-
scribe it in detail.

The most cosily piece of railroad literature ever issued is the special Southern
edition of the Seaboard Ma^fazine of Opportunities*— yes, there is one for you. — It is
unique, contains no advertisements, but hundreds of full pape and half page photo
(^ravures, — the most exquisite examples of the modern printer's art and each worthy
of framing. Sent free on receipt of ten cents to pay postaire.

J. W. WHITE,

General Industriat Mgent, Portsmouth, Va.
SEABOARD AIR. LINE RAILMTAY

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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

J3

Production of Tobacco

■Southern R.ailway States Produce
of Country's Crop.

75 Per Cent.

THERE are tweuty-six states of tde
Union reporting fractions of the
country's commercial tobacco crop.
The Sonth is pre-eminent in tobacco
production. When this is said it may
be added that tlie eight Soutiiern State?
traversed by the Suutlaern Railway
lines— Virginia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Missis-
sippi, Tennessee and Kentucky — pro-
duce an average of .-ibout To per cent
of the coiumercial crop, the percentage
holding good as to the number of acres
devoted to the plant, the number of
pounds of farm product and the farm
value of that product.

PRODUCTION OF THE SEVERAL STATES

In 1903 Virginia produced 130,9i;i,
500 pouuds on 162,300 acres; North
Carolina, 134,728,50(i pounds on 214, ■
878 acres; South Carolina, 24,490,890
pounds on 40,149 acres; Georgia,
1,299,200 pounds on 3,030 acres; Ala-
bama, 354,745 pounds uri G39 acres;
Mississippi, 84, 336 pounds on 168 acres;
Tennessee, -19, 838,000 pounds on 71,198
acres, and Kentucky, 207,260,160
pounds on 338,304 acres, luakrng totals
of 829,656 acres cultivated, 598, 869,937
pounds produced, which product was
valued at $37,339,913. This was the
farm value, which should not be con
founded in the reader's miud with ex-
port or other values. The various
handlings, gradings and other manipu-
lations to which the crop is subjected
add greatly to the value of leaf tobacco
in its journey from producer to con-
sumer, more noticeably perhaps than
is the case with any other important
farm crop.

METHODS OF PRODUCTION

While the qualilty and uses of the
tobacco grown in the various tobacco
sections differ to an extent that does
not permit of the same general com-
parisons as to production and prices,
and the relative profits to be gained by
the farmer that other leading farm
crops do, it may be stated that the
general average farm in the United
States in 1903 was 6.8 cents per pound
compared with 9 cents in the eight
states traversed by the Southern Rail-
way lines.

While the output of the Burley to-
bacco district of Kentucky greatly pre-
ponderates, both in quantity and value
that of any other, having a total value
but little less than half that of the
product of these eight states, Bright
Leaf belt of Virginia and North Caro-
lina has acquired an importance in pro-
ducing a quality of light-texture smok-
ing tobaccos of world-wide popularity.

Some of the most notable examples
of successful farming in the Sonth are
found where this very attractive crop
has been given place in a system of
rotation. In this section the trouble

with tobacco growing, as in the neigh-
boring peanut section, is that the crop
has been quite largely left to ignorant
tenantry, with the result that constant
tillage has caused soil deterioration to
a marked extent in certain (juarters.
This is being rectified as fast as live
stock and general purpose farming is
introduced.

TENANT SYSTEM IN KENTUCKY

In the tobacco sections of Kentucky
the tenanlry system works out better
iir practice, and the landowner and
tenant are mntnally benefitted. Usu-
ally the farmer furnishes the tenant a
good house to live in, with garden,
grazing for horse, cows and hog for
their own use. The tenant raises usu-
ally about ten acres of tobacco and
some corn, half of each crop belonging
to the farmer. There is no charge for
the garden and the grazing privileges.
Where the ground is good and the ten-
ant intelligent and industrious, he
soon gets to be in comfortable circum-
stances. It is usual in the best parts
of the country to raise 1,400 pounds of
tobacco per acre. This often sells for
ten cents a pound, so that the ten acres

of land will yield from $1,200 to
? 1,400.

The tenant getting one-half of this
in addition to his opportunities to
make a living on garden, corn, land,
etc., often has an income which a
professional man would be very proud
of. Many of these laborers have de-
veloped into substantial and influential
business men; their sons sometimes
enter the professions and many of their
children take high positions in the
schools.

SOME OF THE PRICES COMMANDED

All the States traversed by the
Southern Railway and Mobile & Ohio
Railroad possess good tobacco soils.
While Georgia, South Carolina, Ala-
bama and Mississippi produce only a
fi action of the crop at present, coin-
pared with Kentucky, Tennessee,
North Carolina and Virginia, it should
be noted that their crop commands a
good price for the farmer. In 1903
the Georgia farmer received an average
of 15 cents, while the Mississippi farm-
er received 16 cents per pound. In all
these states may be found abundant
opportunities to engage in tobacco
growing.

Resigned Government Job.

Dr. R. E. B. McKenney. who studied
calico and other toliacci diseases in
New England and elsewhere, has re-
signed his position in the Department
of Agriculture to work for a business
house in Panama.

9^
I

Y

GET RESULTS

We handle everything used in adver-
tising— space, cuts, booklets, circu-
lars. We contract for complete ad-
vertising campaigns; attend to every
detail; and :: :: :: :: ::

GET RESULTS

I

jOHJ\f STONE ADVERTISING AGENCY

I n c or p o r at e d

16 State Street

)4

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Crop in Germany

Tobacco Prodviction Sho^vs a Ten Per Cent.
Decrease in Last Year R.eported

HE Department of Commerce
and Labor is in receipt of a
report of the Royal Statisti
cal Bureau at Berlin upon
the production and value of
leaf tobacco in the German Empire
during the calendar year 1903 as coin-
pared with 1902. A falling off of
more than ten per cent, is noted in
both quantity and value, although a
slight increase in the average price of
the product is recorded.

The total production of the year was
;i3.074,993 kilograms (kilogram equals
3.2 pounds) and tlie aggregate value is
given as 27,303,793 marks (mark
equals 24 cents). The production of 1903
amounted to 37,697,-509 kilograms,
valued at 31,130,96!S marks, a loss nf
4,622,516 kilograms and 3,8^7,176
marks. The bulk of the product in
1903 was grown in Baden. Vrussia,
Bavaria anfl Alsace-Lorraine, Baden
leading with a total of 13,030,609 kil
ograms, valued at 11.134,920 maiks.
Prussia came nest with a production
of 9,465,99a kilograms, valued at 7,-
389,254 marks, while the output of
Bavaria was 4,984,545 kilograms,
valued at 4,040,502 marks, and ot
Alsace-Lorraine, 3,543,857 kilograms,
valued at 3,037,034 marks.

The pro'luction of Baden in 1903
was 16.191,342 kilograms, from which
it appears that about 75 per cent, of
the loss in 1903 was due to the short
age in this State. The loss in Prussia
in 1903 was only 539,613 kilograms,
and in Bavaria the decline was 440,336
kilograms. Thus it will be seen that
the total decline tor the year is ac
counted for m the loss in the three
leading States. The following table
shows the production and valne by
States:

Kilograms.

Marks.

Prussia . .

9,465,995

7,389,354

Bavaria

4,984,545

4,040,503

Saxony

545

453

Wurtemburg.

659,638

559,099

Baden

13,030,609

11,124,920

7)7,798
349,087

640,394

Mecklenburg

178,251

Thuringen . .

334,572

189,685

Brunswick . .

67,978

47,201

Anbalt

132,011

106,956

Alsace-Lorraine 3,543,857

3.027,034

Luxemburg.

58

44

Total 1903.

33,074,993

37,303,792

Total 1902.

37,697,509

31,130,968

Loss 1903 . 4,633,516 3,837,176
The range of prices for the German
crop was from 70.16 marks per metric
ton (3,200 pounds) to 89.22 marks.
The lowest price was obtained for the
crop in Thuringen and the highest for
the leaf raised in Hesse The large
product of Baden brought 85.38 marks
per metric ton, while that of Prussia

commanded an
marks.

average price of 78.06

York State Crop

According to the Baldwiusville
Gazette, the local market remains quiet
with but few sales reported. M
Rosenthal, of the firm of M. Rosen-
thal & Co., of Lancaster, Pa., was in
town last week and rode a little with
the firm s local representative. M.
Tobin, looking for old goods. The
new crop still remains in the sheds,
the continued dry weather making it
impossible to take tobacco down. A
force of about fifty is employed at A.
Heinke's warehouse, handling recent
Ohio purchases.

W. S. Cook i.it South Grauby, New
York, has sold his 1903 crop of to-
bacco, a little hail cut, at five cents
per pound, sized. Farmers are get-
ting a little worried about getting
their tobacco from the poles. As the
most of them have sold in this place
they want to get it down so as to be
stripping it. No rain or damp weather
to help them yer.

The acreage of the 1904 crop ot Big

Flats is much less than usual. The
probable yield will not be over 16,000
to 18,000 cases. It appears as if it
would lack in light tobacco, probably
on account of the cold summer. The
growth was only fair. Some buying
has been done at prices ranging from
11 to 133:2C in bundle. Enough has
not been stripped yet to form an intel-
ligent opinion as to its merits.

Mew York Central

Fill lier reports are at hand of the op-
erations of surveying parties engaged
in running a line for what is under-
stood to be a New York Central road
project to cut across Connecticut to
Springfield. The facts have heretofore
been pul lished of parties making sur-
veys at Granby and Thomaston. Lat-
er advices report a surveying party of
ten running a line from Brewsters,
New York, eastward through the ex-
treme north part of Fairfield county
and over into Litchfield county.

The line, it is reported, passes near
the villages of New Fairfield and New
Milford, but touching neither. In the
twenty-five miles of land thus far sur-
veyed the railroad has not passed
tlirough a single town of any size,
although the outskirts of some have
been touched.

There is a possibility that the line
may pass within four miles of Danbuiy
and cut the Berkshire division some-
where between New Milford and Mer-
winsville.

Washing
Powder

Made hy

s*«t andCompany

<^HICAG0

Use

Swifts

Washing
Powder

CLOTHING

SILVtPW™*^,

Swift's Washing Powder is the Tidy Housewife's best friend.
Try a package and see for yourself.

SWIFT PROVISION COMPANY,

l<f John Street, « * BOSTON. MASS,

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

15

^^vwy WW w^'vwy wwwwvwy wwww wwkvw wm^

LUTHER M. CASE.

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,

Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco.
Shade Grown jS^jZ^
Sumatra in Bales.

Main Warehouse and Office, Pine Meadow, Conn.

BRMMCH WJtREHOUSES:

SinUhwicU, Mass.,— Foreman. H. L- Miller.
East Canaan. Cuiin., — Foreman. L. V. Bronson
Barlihanisled, Conn., — Foreman, L. A. T^ee.
North Hatfieid, Mass.,— Foreman, Willis Holden.
New Hartford. Conn ..—Foreman. James Stewart.

sW ! '• '/jcw ^Kt#^ ^tl;.

»1*^SSL Wilfe'ViW \iM-MWL, '^hCW/A \^--i''3.f-jfy:

SUMATRA PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn., 25 Acres

Barkhamsted, Conn., 20 Acres

Southwick, Mass., 15 Acres

Always in the niLirket for old Tobacco if well
assorted and packed. ^ Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialty, assorted and sized into
thirtv-two irrades. ......

T^fmmmmmmmmmmi^mfmmmm^

Foraker Fails

OHio Senator Unstxccessful in Sudden A.tte
to Reduce Philippine Duties

mpt B

_1)

WHILE the Senate had under con
sideration the House Bill 146'?H
for the Civil Government of the
Philippine.s. Senator Foraker submitted
an aniendiueut, whicb read as folio w.s:

"And on all articles the growth and
products of the Philippine Archipelago
shall hereafter be admitted free of
duty, except sugar and tobacco, manu-
factured and unniannf ictured, upon
which there shall be levied, collected.
and paid only 3.t per cent, ot tlie rates
of duty levied, collected and paid on
said articles imported from foreign
countries, and all duties so collected
shall be paid into the treasury of said
islands, to be used and expended for
the benefit of said islands.'"

This amendment raised a stir on
both sides of the Senate, and i-'enators
Piatt, of Connecticut; Dubois; Bailey,
of Texas, and others were not slow to
claim that the agreement to come to a
vote on the Philippine administrative
bill at a tixed hour did not include the
injection into that measure of such an
amendment as was proposed by Mr.
Foraker. It became apparent at once

that there was a strong feeling against
the amendment, and that on the
Democratic side of the .Senate there
was a thorough understanding to
prompty antagonize any effort looking
to a reduction of the rate'on sugar and
tobacco as proposed.

Senators from tlie tobacco growing
states, whether Democrats or Republi-
cans, have reached the conclusion that
they will have to pull together to
prevent Philijjpine sugar and tol-acco
from coming into competition with the
product of their states, and while the
policy of the administration may be
thoroughly in favor of the figures pro-
posed in the Foraker amendment, the
prospects are that in the Senate there
will be a well organized opposition to
the reduction of the existing rates of
duty on sugar and tobacco.

The prompt withdrawal of the
amendment by Senator Foraker may
be regarded as clearly indicating that
the administration recognized that
there is a struggle ahead whenev^er an
attempt is made to reduce the duty on
these articles.

A'HtfifSS.Banfc

«:«

JOSEPH H.Kiwa 7^-^
President
OPPOSITE or.-. k« ~ *.

CITY MALL 803 Main Street.

=^ William J OixoN.

-" Casmier,

HAftTFona

CONN.

WEKNOH^

That a thoughtful consid-
eration of our banking meth-
ods and the careful service
rendered to our customers,
will convince you that it is
to your advantage to ar-
range a connection with us.
We shall be glad to know
the extent of your require-
ments and would welcome
an opportunity to confer
with you and serve you.

16

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Irrigation Novelty

Plan to Use Artificial Sand Veins to
Hold tKe Moisture

JM. GREENE of South Dakota,
• wbo for years has been a member
of the Republican National Committee,
and was one of the pioneer advocates
of irrigation iu the central and western
parts of the state, is the originator of
an idea which will, it is believed,
result in good crops in Central and
Western South Dakota during even the
dryest years.

His idea is to constrnot ditches about
two feet apart, similar to 'listed
ditches, but deep enough so that a vein
of sand three or four inches in depth
can be placed at the bottom of the
ditches, which can then be filled in,
leaving the sand so deep that in
ploughing it would not be disturbed.

He states that the moisture will go
down to the sand and form a reservoir,
which would be drawn upon by the

plant as needed. In his opinion
ditches two feet apar): would be ample
and one or two wagonloads of sand to
the acre would be sufficient tq line the
ditches.

Experienced farmets to whom the
plan has been explained declare it i.s
practical and worthy of adoption, and
it is probable that several farmers will
prepare small areas of ground in that
manner next season to test the plan.

When irrigation by artesian wells
was first agitated, the farmers gen-
erally were skeptical as to the
practicability of irrigation by this
method, Mr. Greene bought a large
area of land in the central part of
Brule county, upon which he con-
structed an extensive irrigation system.
He demonstrated that his idea was
correct and for yeai.-; successfully con-
ducted his irrigated farm.

Broad Brook

Mr. Lasbuiy's warehorrse has re"
opened after being shut down for three
weeks. About 40 are at work now,
and by the farmers bringing in half-
crops which they were able to get down
some time ago, they will he kept busy
for two weeks or more By that time
Mr. Lasbury hopes there will be a to-
bacco storm so that the rest of the
crops can be deliveied, when there will
be enough to keep a full force till the
middle of May.

Suffield Bonds

To take up an indebtedness of S42,-
500, the town of Suffield, — whose
property is founded on about 3,000
acres of tobacco, — has sold at 103.19,
the 4 per cent, serial bonds, running
from 1906 to 1923, to Burgess, Lange
& Co. of Boston.

Windsor

The tobacco warehouse of W. H.
Filley has been leased by Pretzfield &
Company of New York, and a packing
for that firm is to be bought and
managed by Deputy Sheriff E. A.
V/elch. About 30 men will find work
there as soon as tobacco can be re-
ceived, and at least 500 cases will be
packed.

Manchester

There has been much doing in the
tobacco sheds the last week of Decem-
ber. All the men who could be se-
cured were put at work and growers
who had from five to fifteen acres suc-
ceeded in getting most of their tobacco
down.

Painting farm implements is a Jan-
uary job that is often planned and
seldom executed.

Greenville, Ohio

The weather throughout the valley
has been so dry since the tobacco has
been harvested that farmers are becom-
ing somewhat alarmed, fearing that
they may have the same trouble of
stripping they had a year ago when so
many were compelled to water their
tobacco in order to case it.

S. L. Brenner has finished his pack-
ing of two thousand cases of Zimruer
Spanish, Little Dutch and Gebhart
Seed. A few crops of the old Zimmer
still find their way to our markets at
from 7 to 8>^ cents through. Some
farmers are holding for 10 cents
straight and feel sure they will be re-
warded for their staying qualities.
The New York Tobacco Leaf say.s that
most of these farrai IS refused an oifer
to contract their tobacco in I he fall at
9 cent.s throirgh.

Leslie W. Newberry Richard J. Qoodman

Newberry & Goodman

Law Offices

First National Bank Building

so STATE STREET HARTFORD, CONN.

HEADQUARTERS FOR

lOBflCGO mSUIiilllGE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

9S Pearl St., HERTFORD, CONN.
14 Fort St., SPRINGFIELD. MJISS.

k

Potash as Necessary as Rain

The quality and quantity of the
crops depend on a sufficiency of

Potash

in the snil. Fertilizers which are
low in Potash will never produce
satisfariorv results.

Every fainier slinnld be familiar with the
proper proporiions of ingredients that go to
make the best Icrlilizers for every kind of
crop. We h.rve published a series of ho( ]<s,
conLlinins the latest researches on this .Til-
important subiect, which we will send tree
if you ask. Write now while you tliink of
it to the

GERMAN KALI WOItrjS
»8 NassBu Street, J>c-w York.

Andrews & Peck^

MANUFACTURERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Doors, Windows and Blinds.

Manufacturers' Agents for Akron Sewer
Pipe and Land Tile.

We make a specialty of hotbed sash.

Office, 88 M arKet Street,

Mill: Charter Oafc and Vrcdcndalc Avenue.-!,
HARTFORD. CONN.

STABLE iHlE

IN CAK OK
CARGO LOTS

Prompt Delivery

Lowest Prices

/J. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORfATION COMPANY

HARTFORD
CONNECTICUT

JENKINS & BARKER,

Successors to Col. Cliarles L. Bnrdett.

Patent and Trade Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United States and Foreign Pat-
ents, Itesit'iis and Trade Marks.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING,
so state Street, - Hartford, Connecticut

s^e New England

Tobacco Grower

VOL. VI. No. 6.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, FEBRUARY, 1905.

$1.00 A YEAR

Warehouses Busy Assorting and Packing

East Hartford

The early January damp enabled
groweis to take down the remainder of
their tobacco. The entire crop now is
down, and growers are hustling with
the work of assorting and getting the
crop ready for luarket.

Tobacco buyers have been in town
recently buying crops.

The local waiehouses will be open
from now nntil spring with a large
force of men.

Edward O. Uoodwin sliipped forty
cases of 1901:! tobacco to St. Louis
Saturday.

The warehouse of the East Hartfoid
Tobacco Storage corporation (formerly
Sutter's) has opened for assorting and
packing with a force of about twenty-
five hands.

Oswald J. Signor has completed as-
sorting his ten acres of 1904 broadleaf.
He has over seventy-five per cent. ( f
fine wrappers.

Gans & Company have been buying
tobacco in East Windsor. Several
buyers have been examining crops in
that place.

Wm. L. Huntting & Co. 's ware-
house has opened for the season.

Henry Limberg, Gilbert Dremar.
Robert HoUister and M. Clark, of
Glastonbury, have sold their 1904
crops.

Windsor

The 1904 crop i.s an exceptional good
one, running strongly to wrappers of
good quality and a good percentage
light.

The tobacco in our neighborhood is
mostly all sold. Prices are about the
same as the fore part of the winter.

We have four warehou>es in this sec-
tion all working full force. Tue
American employs about 45 hands as-
sorting .seed leaf. Frederick Thrall
has about 50 assorting Havana seed
mostly for the American Company.

The disfigurement of buildings with

advertising signs should be stopped.
We have brought this matter up in our
Village Improvement Society meet-
ings, but it still exists to a certain ex-
tent. I think the matter ought to be
brought up in our town meetings and
di.scussed, in order that the public
might express its disapproval. It is a
public nuisance and a disfigurement to
the town.

As a result of the rain and dampness
during the fir.st week ol January, the
growers continued their activity, and
at last the tobacco is approximately all
down.

H. H. Ell.sworth.

Granby

Large quantities of tobacco have
changed hands recently, including the
following: Loouiis & Coffey to Litch-
enstein of New York; Norman Elmore,
J. W. Hinchy, H. S. Holcomb, Robert
Sudbury, R. J. Fox and L. C. Holcomb
to Luther iM. Case of Winsted; Harry
Day. Lewis Case, estate of B. B. Mes-
senger and Irving and Fred L. Hol-
comb tc Joseph Mayer's Sons, New
York; G. B. Griffin, E. P. Rice and
Charles Ooft'ey to Litcbenstein, New
York- and F. J. Howard to a firm in
East Hartford, The prices range from
18 cents to 22 i.< cents in the bundle.

Windsor Locks

The January rains helped the tobacco
industry, so that the tobacco is practi-
cally all down. As a result of the
long period of dryness, the tobacco has
lost weight, but this loss in weight
will be made up for by the fact that
there is a good, steady, demand for
tobacco. The tobacco in this section
furnishes the wrapper for cigars, that
used for pipes and for chewing purpose.s
coming largely from the southern
states. As a consecjuence, there is a
strong demand for early shipments,
and these present sbipments will biing
a good price; hence the tobacco grow-

ers will lose little or nothing by the
two months' delay to which they have
been subjected on account of the
drouth.

A large portion of the tobacco will
be sold to the American tobacco
"trust,'' another lot will go to the
dealers outside the "trust," for the
trust in this industry does not have
a complete monopoly, and still another
lot will find its way to foreign market.s.

Contvay

A number of crops of tobacco have
been drawn out of town to the buyers
recently, and there is a feeling of dis-
satisfaction with the conduct of some
of the buyers, the farmers claiming
that after the buyers have come to
their farms, seen the tobacco, agreed
on a price and set a time for it to be
delivered, they have changed the time
of delivery, causing the farmers much
inconvenience, and have taken excep-
tions to the weight, thrown out some
tobacco and taken every possible ad-
vantage of the farmers.

Hatfield

The crop hei e came out fine. It will
run at last (iO per cent, wrappers.

P. T. Boyle has just sold 40 cases to
Mr. Ritch: price private.

The following assorting shops are in
operation: John McHugh, 60 hands;
P. T. Boyle, 16; John W, Kiley, 35;
Michael Boyle, 20; James Dea, 85;
Levi Pease, 30; Gilbert Morton, 20;
Benj. M. Warner, 16; C. L. and
Thaddeus Graves, Jr., 12.

Hillstou},n

The tobacco crop in this vicinity
will run sixty per cent, light wrappers.

There have been no sales since last
reports.

The 1901 crop is all taken from the
poles, and is partly assorted. Two or
three lots are ready fi>r delivery.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Compromise Proposition

Situation AVitH Reference to Tariff on Philippine

Products

Andrews & Peck^

MANUFACTURERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

Doors, Windows and Blinds.

HE situation witli reference
to tlie projected changes in
the tariff on Philippine i>rnd-
ncts has changed very little,
according to Tobacco Leaf's
Washington correspondent. 'Die war
department's campaign has been de-
ferred because of the failure of Con-
gress to promptly dispose ot the Phil
ippine government bill.

Certain "beet-sugat" senators, in-
cluding Messrs. Teller, Patterson and
Dubois, are standing out against the
proposed compromise on 50 per cent
of the Dingley rates, but the represen-
tatives of the industry in California,
Nebraska and the Hawaiian Islands
have expressed their willingness to
accept the secretary's proposition. At
the present stage of the short session
of Congress, however, it i.s an easy
matter for a handful of senators to
hold up legislation of any sort, and
the outcome is therefore still shrouded
in doubt.

At the recent conference between
the secretary and the delegation
headed by President Bijur, of the Na-
tional Cigar Leaf Tobacco Association,
no attempt was made to represent the
New England growers nor the Cigar-
maker's International Union, Presi-
dent Bijur stating that, in accepting
the secretary's invitation to a confer-
ence, he had come only as the repre-
sentative of his own organisation and
of those whose proxies he held, and
that, if he should decide to recommend
to these organizations the acceptance
of a reduction to 50 per cent, of the
Dingley rates, it would be with the
understanding that the tariff' on Phil-
ippine tobacco would not again lie dis
turbed during the tenure of the piesent
secretary of war. No argument, pro
or con, was presented by the delega-
tion, although President Bijiir made it
perfectly plain that under no circum-
stances could the trade consent to a
reduction in duties to 35 per cent, of
the Dingley rates.

In taking the position that it is bcl
ter to accent a cut to 50 per cent, of
the Dingley rates than to continue tlie
present agitation indefinitely, the sugar
interests that have favorably con-
sidered Secretary Taft's compromise of
50 pet cent, of the Dingley rates, have
followed a line of reasoning that will
be appreciated by the tobacco trade,
which has been kept on the anxious
bench ever since the enactment of the
Spanish war revenue act in 18S)8.

The continneil agitation has pie-
vented many capitalists from investing
in sugar factoiies, and, while the in
dustry has been fairly prosperous with
in t'lie past year or two, it is believi-il
that the production ot beet sugar in
this country would have been nearly
doubled but for the setback given it by

the Cuban reciprocity campaiitn and
the Philippine tariff reduction discus-
sion. If the present movement should
end in no legislation, which is among
the po-s.-^ibilities, the tobacco trade
would have a respite for at least a few
months, but it would probably he bet-
ter in tUe long run to secure an adjust
nient on the basis of Secretary Taft's
plan combined with an assurance of no
further agitation for several years to
come.

The Sanderson Fertilizers

Attention is called to the ad. of the
Sanderson Fertilizer & Chemical Com-
pany of New Haven, manufacturers of
high grade fertilizers, so well and
favorably known among the growers
in the Connecticut Valley.

The company asserts that many of
the high price crops of last year as
well as some of the exhibits at .St.
Louis were raised upon fertilizer man-
nfaclured by them. These facts and
the contiQually growing trade of this
popular company testifies to their
reliability.

A free diary is mailed to all apiili-
cants and is well worth the tronble
of sending for, as it contains, not only
a great amount of information about
general topics, but also full descrip-
tions of fertilizer made by the com-
pany.

Manufacturers' Agents for Akron Sewer
Pipe and Land Tile.

We make a specialty of hotbed sash.

Office, 88 MarKet Street,

Mill; Charter Oak and Vredcndalc Avenues.
HARTFORD. CONN.

STABLE Wm

IN CAK OR.
CARGO LOTS

Prompt Delivery

Lowest Prices

II. M. Goodrich

HARTFORD AND NEW YORK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

HARTFORD
CONNECTICUT

PUMPS

BOILERS

RIDER AND ERICSSON. All Sizes. New and Second Hand.
from S45.00 up. All Repairs.

New aad Second-hand Greenhouse Boilers.

Guarauleed.

PIPE

New 2 in.. Full Lengths at 9Jic.; Second Hand, 2 in.. 7J^c.; 1% in., 5Kc.
15i in., 4V2C.; 1 in., Z%c.\ Ji in., jc. Fittings of all Kinds.

PIPE CUTTERS

NEW SAUNDERS PATTERN
No. 1, $1.00; No. 2, il.30.

STOCKS AND DIES

NEW ECONOMY
No. 1, S3.00, No. 2, $4.00.

STILLSON WRENCHES
PIPE VISES

NEW
18 inch, $1.65, 24 inch, $3.40.

NEW
No. 1. HINGED, $2.25.

C^ A D P» C M I—I (~\ O C '^"EW ;i in., Guaramced 100 lbs. Water Pressure
VjIrMlLJCLlN MvyOC 7550. per foot; not Guaranteed. 4'ic. per foot.

(-\\ A 00 New, 16.X24, Double, American Glass, W.IO per Bo.^; 16.xl8. 14.\20
ijl I r\00 Double, S3.S8: 12.\l(i, Single, S2.30; 10.\12 aud 8.\-10, Single, $2.15.

HOT BED SASH

NE»V. No. 1 CYPRESS, 70c.
COMPLETE, FROM $1.60 UP.

Get Our Prices for New Cypress Building- Material, Ventilating-

Apparatus, Oil, Pntiv. White Lead, Points, i.tc.

Metropolitan Material Company

l59S=l406=l402-l'i04'l406=l408 Metropolitan Jivenue
BROOKLYN, NE>V YORK

'^he New E^ng'land
Tobacco Grow^er

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT. FEBRUARY. 1905

1904 Tobacco Crop

United States Department of A.gricultti.re Keports
on Its Yield and Value

'TpHE regular report by states, upon
■* the average proiliiction anrl
quality of the tobacco crop ot the
United States in the accompanying
table show the average production in
pounds pel acre, and the quality of
this important crop by types:

Av. yield Averag-e

per acre. quality.

I. Cigar Types. Pounds. Per Cent.

New England 1,086 110

New York 1,145 93

Pennsylvania 1,289 87

Ohio— MiamiValley. 932 97

WiscoD.sin 1,382 93

Georgia and Florida. 7.')0 89

II. Che\vinj;r, Smtjkinf,:, Snuff

and E.xport Types.

Burley District 945 93

Dark Districts — Kentucky

and Tennessee:
Paducah, or Western

District 82y 96

Stemming District.. 794 80

Upper Green Eivei

District 715 86

Uppei Cumberland

District 675 80

Clarksville & Hop-

kinsville 738 90

Virginia Sun Cuied. 731 87

Virginia Dark 793 83

Bright Yellow:

Old Belt— Va. and

N. C 648 82

New Belt — E.N. C.

& S. C 700 80

Maryland & E. Ohio

Export 636 93

Pericjue— Louisiana 500 100

The following notes on cigar leaf
types are from the reiurns made to the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture by a large number ol special to-
bacco correspondents through whose en-
operation and assistance it is possible
to furnish, in detail, information
obtainable up to this date:

New Eiir/land — In New Hampshire
and Massachusetts there was a large
crop of full average yield, which was
erred satisfactorily, without damage
from pole-burn, producing a bright-
colored leaf of rich (juality. (Connec-
ticut: Crop a little darker than tirst
anticipated, but for ijuality, texture,
and soundness etjual to anj- crop ever
grown here. Broadleaf has brought
very high prices, ranging from 35 to

38 cents through; Havana Seed 30 to
38 cents through.

Xfiv Ydvk. — Onondaga District : Crop
much better than that of 1903; some
sections hail cut; no damage from
worms or grasshoppers; quality veiy
tine; as seen on the poles, it is the
best crop since 1900. Big Flats
District: The season was a fair one
for tobacco and an average ciop was
produced. It is too earlj' to form accu-
rate opinion,' as the crop has not yet
been stripped.

Piiiiisi/lfiiiiia. — Widely varying and
in some cases contiadictory reports are
received from Pennsylvania. The
damage from hail and frost renders it
difficult to estimate the volume of this
crop. The situation has been summa-
rized as follows by an experienced
correspondent of this Department aftei
a careful investigation of ccndition.?
in Lancaster County: "Owing to
three hail storms during the growing
season the last two of unusual seventy
and a killing frost when a considerable
portion of the crop was still in the
fields, it is unusually difficult to esti-
mate the present crop. The average
weight of that which was harvested
untouched by frost or hail in Lancaster
County was about 1,500 pounds to the
acre for Seed Leaf, and 1,300 pounds
for Havana Seed. Some of the latter
variety was unusually good and yielded
as much as the Seed Leaf. The quality
of the crop as a whole can not be given
with anything like accuracy. That
harvested early and which escaped the
hail was of excellent quality. Perhaps
a thousand acres were a total lo.«s.
Perhaps 3,000 acres partly damaged
will make serviceable tobacco. The
frosted tobacco probably reached as
much as 1,500 to 3,000 acies and will
have a certain value, say from 2 to 4
cents per pound, some having been
l)ought at these prices. From personal
investigation and an acquaintance of
tliirty years with the crop, I would
say the damage from hail was 1125,-
000, or slightly more, and from frost,
probably a like sum, say, a total of
from $350,000 to 1300,000, or about
30 to 35 per cent of the entire crop."

Olilo — Miami ]'rillei/. — Counties in
this section report a small proportion
of stem rot, but quality of crop excep-
tionally good; not as leafy as 1903
cni]i, but of good body and fiee from
injury by insects.

The Havana Seed and Little Dutch

will average more than a thousand
pounds per acre. The Ziiumer Spanish
will average a little less.

]Vif:ronsla. — Average production per
acre slightly less than in 1903; some
reports of shoitage in the crop, but it
is difficult to estimate at this time, as
the tobacco has not been taken from
the poles. In the northern part of
this section quality of the crop is very
fine; in the southern part the crop is
sound, but not as leafy as that of
1903. Early crops are very good, yield-
ing 1,300 to 1,400 pounds per acre; the
later crops will be poor and short in
yield, not over 900 pounds per acre.

Geurgia and Ftoridn. — Decatur
County, Qeoriga: Sun-grown crop
averaged about 700 pounds per acre,
and was of fair quality; shade-grown
crop averaging b80 pounds per acre;
quality fair. Gadsden County, Florida:
The average quality of 1904 crop was
good. Sumatra seed averaged about
750 pounds per acre; Cuban seed (500
pounds per acre. The shade-grown
crop averaged from 1,000 to 1,100
pounds per acre, and was of»good
quality.

Suffield

The wet weather of early January
furnished an excellent opportunity for
taking down tobacco, and a majority of
the growers have finished the work
and begun the task of stripping. It is
estimated that about 90 per cent, of
the crop has been bai'gained for, of
which probably one-third has been de-
livered, while about 10 per cent, yet
remains on the poles.

South Deerfield

Eil^y Maynard, 75, has died at his
home. Mr. Maynard was born in
Jefferson county, N. Y. , October 1 1,
1839, and was the youngest of a family
of children, all of whom are now dead.
He left home at the age of 16 to work
on a farm. He went to South Deer-
field in 1853 and for two years worked
in tiie Arms pocket-book shop.

In 1854, in company with the late
Jesse Billings and Martin L. Jewett,
he went to the California gold fields,
where he remained until December,
1860, when he returned to South Deer-
field, where he had since lived. In
July, 1861, he married Susan, the
youngest daughter of the late Israel
Bovden. Seven children were born to
them, only one of whom, a daughter,
Susie, is living.

Mr. Maynard was a thrifty and suc-
cessful fariLer, making a specialty of
tobacco, growing 8 or 10 acres each
year. He also cut large crops of hay.
His widow and daughter are his only
near relatives.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Growers' Association

Annual Meeting and Election of Officers Held
in Hartford

THE twenty-second annual meeting
ol' the New England Tobacco
Orowers' Association was held at the
capitol in Hartford. January 10. Presi-
dent Edmund Halladay presided at the
opening session, and W. F. Andross of
South Windsor acted aa secretary.

The report of Treasurer Paul Ackei-
ly was read by Mr. Andross and it
gave the casb balance of January 12,
1904, as .|{il.78, and the receipts from
members to date as |44; total receipts
as $105.78.

The payments were: August lo,
1904, rent of hall, $10; August 18,
August meeting expenses, $13.50;
August 36, printing, $5.8.1; December
27, letters and postage, $36.70; Decem-
ber 30, letters and postage, $6.30;
total payments $73.35. The balance
is $33.43.

The report was certified to by W. b.
Pinney of SnffieM and William F.
Andross of South Windsor as auditors.
It was accepted.

Previous to the election of officers it
was stated, as announced in the last
i.ssue of The New England Tobacco
Grower, that the president. Edmund
Halladay, and the Secretary and Treas-
urer Paul Ackerly, would not be can-
didates for re-election. H. S. Frye of
Poquonock was chosen as the head of
the association. His election came on
the third ballot, when Mr. Frye, who
had receved one vote on the first ballot,
and nine on the second, was chosen by
a vote of 15, H. W. Alvord of Poquon-
ock receiving 8 and W. S. Pinney of
Suffield 3.

Thaddeus Graves of Hatfield, Massa-
chusetts, was re-elected vice-president.
William S. Davis of Hartford was
elected secretary. Mr. Davis is the
secretary and treasurer of the Con-
necticut Sumatra Shade Growing To-
bacco Corporation. Colonel E. N.
Phelps of Windsor, B. M. Warner of
Hatfield, Mass.. and B. A. Hoskius of
Simsbury were appointed a committee
to nominate candidates for directors
and tbey reported the following, who
were elected :

William F. Andross, South Windsor;
Joseph H. Pierce, Enfield; M. W.
Frisbie, Southington; William S. Pin-
ney, Suffield; H. W. Alvord, Pociuon-
ock; Colonel E. N. Phelps, Windsor;
b. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass. ; F. K.
Poiter. Hatfield, Ma.ss.; Albert Hurd,
North Hadley, Mass. ; S. B. Parsons,
Northampton, Mass.; Charles Parsons,
Conway, Mass.; E. A. Kellogg, Aga-
wam, Mass.; Lyman A. Crafts, East
Whately, Mass.; James S. Forbes,
Buruside; George C. Eno, Simsbury;
W. E. Bnibank, Suffield; E. C. Hills,
Southwick, Mass.; George W. Miller.
Hartland; H. H. Austin, Suffield;
Charles H. Ashley, Deerfield, Mass. ;
H. S. Frye, Poquonock.

A committee of five was appointed
by the chair to bring in resolutions at
the afternoon session, Colonel E. N.
Phelps of Windsor being at its head.

MR. FRYE ON CUBA.

President Frye took the chair at the
afternoon session, saying that he ac-
cepted the presidency again as not only
a vindication of himself, but of Sena-
tor Piatt, who had favored Cuban
reciprocity. If he (Mr. Frye) had
been at home the five years that he had
been at Washington he would have
locked at the question in the same
way as the farmers in this section.
Speaking further, he said in substance:
'•I fully endorse and heartily sympa-
thize with the tobacco farmers in their
opposition to the extremely low rates
of duty proposed on Philippine to-
bacco, but I have no sympathy with
that bigoted fanaticism which, stoop-
ing to misrepresentation and bearing
false testimony, could drive the New
England Association into opposition to
one of the wisest, one of the most just
and equitable, one of the most neces-
sary and honorable measures, that have
ever redounded to the honor and credit
of this country; an opposition, too.
that could not be justified even under
the most selfish considerations of self-
interest, tor the result has proved the
truth of my contention then, that reci-
procity with Cuba could not injure the
tobacco interests of New England to
the amount of a single dollar.

"And today the whole diplomatic
world regards those two measures-
Cuban reciprocity and its progenitor,
the Piatt amendments to the Cuban
constitution-" as among the most noted
examples of wise statemaoship and
diplomatic beneficence ever recorded in
the history of the nation, fit to be en-
graved on the tablets of fame along-
side the emancipation proclamation of
the immortal Lincoln, for without
them we would have had another war,

GOOD POTATOES -.>^

■ BRING FANCY PRICES

To grovj a large crop of good potatoes, the
soil must contain plenty of Potash.,

Tomatoes, melons, cabbace. turnips, lettuce
—in f.irt, all veeelables rf.we large quanti-
ties of Potash from the soil. Supply

Potash

liberally by the use of fertilizers containing
"at /.-ss /'•,,:• 10 per cent, actual Potash.

Better and more protilable yields are sure to

"cKir pamphlets arc not advertising circulars
booming special fertilizers, but contain valu-
able information t" farmers, bent free for the
asking. Write now.

GERMAN KALI WORKS
93 Nassau Street, New York.

the inevitable sequence of which would
have been the annexation of the island
of Cuba, the subjugation of a proud,
rebellious, discontented people, to
whom ever after the most hateful
words in their vocabulary would have
been 'the accursed Americanos.'

"But instead, through the beneficent
effect of these two measures, one of
which the New England Association is
on record as opposing, we were instru-
mental in founding a new republic,
struggling in poverty and clothed in
rags 'tis true, yet working bravely and
hopefully on to the attainment of that
dream of every Cuban patriot, when
Cuba shall indeed become, as the Al-
mighty intended, 'the gem of the
Antilles,' the garden spot of the
world, the home of a free, happy, con-
tented people, to whom even now the
dearest words in their vocabulary are,
'God bless the Americanos; they gave
us freedom after 400 years of Spanish
despotism and misrule. '"

ADDRESS BY DR. WEBBER

Dr. H. J. Webber of the Bureau of
Plant Industry, Department of Agri-

(Concluded on page 9.)

ANNOUNCEMENT

call and inspect our samples.

OUR POLICY

we shall have no agents except <- „wn^tra;^eUntr s.,.,-sn^ and ^jj" -» -Ji^f J^l

!^'i;^:'^^^f;:;;;;-^no;^'i:rexp:;v;s; A^'^Xs^:^:^^ luaciner.. instead of f ro„, m.

I'-omnetenl atrents with little or noc.vpenence. , „ , c •

CnUers. Harder-" Round Silos, Sharpless Cream Separator.

Send for circulars if vou cannot call.

U/>e B. L.

27 Lyman Street
Spriiigfield, Mass.

BRAGG

COMPANY

218 State
Hartford,

Street
Conn.

*

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THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

E-ssex ^Special Tobacco

Manure

and

Tobacco

Starter

p. ^;y LTHOUGH the prices of chemicals have ad-
l/\|'{ vanced very much during the past season, we
guarantee to keep the analyse.^ of all the high-
grade Essex Specials fully up to the high stand-
ard of preceding years. CThe Growers that use our to-
bacco goods are among the most successful raisers in
the Valley, getting good weight and a large percentage
of light goods in all seasons. CRuy our Tobacco
Starter for your seed-beds, your plants will be from ten
days to two weeks earlier than those grown on any other
formula. CSend for our Catalogue.

RUvSvSIA CEMENT CO.,

MANUFACTURERS j£^ jZ/ j» £f ■£/ .^^

GLOUCESTER, ^'MASS.

E. B. KIBBE:, General Agent. Box 752, Hartford, Conn.

Tobacco Exposition

Plans Under 'Way for a Big SKo'w in New

YorK

A GOOD start toward a big to-
bacco exposition in New
Yorlj was made at the annual
meeting in .laniiary of the
Retail Cigar and Tobacco
Dealers' Association, by the choice of
a committee of three to formulate
plans for an exhibition upon a compre-
hensive and elaborate scale This
committee consists of Robert E. Lane,
chairman; Thomas J. Donigan and
Sidney J. Freeman.

The proposition was received with
enthusiasm and there was a disposition
manifested to push the matter to an
early conclusion.

In his address reviewing the work
of the year. President Donigan spoke
of the cordial support which had been
given the board of otticers during the
year, and the splendid growth in busi-
ness, culminating in December with
more than $30,000 worth of trade.

Mr. Donigan said that the work of
the year centered around two impor-
tant features, the removal of the im-
port stamp, and the closing up of the
ranks of the allied interests. There is
a stronger disposition on the part of all
the independent interests to work to-

gether more cordially than ever before,
and the prospect for the comnig year is
more encouraging along the same
lines.

President Donigan said in closing
that from present indications the high
handed methods of the trust in the
past are over, and that in the future
independents will have a better chance
for success.

President Donigan was called
upon to tell about the late ex-
position in Philadelphia, which he did
most acceptably, expressing )iis own
surprise at its success and voicing the
opinions of a large number of the lead-
ing members of the trade in New York
that an exhibition could be held there
that would forevei .set the standard for
such shows in the future.

Robert E. Lane said that he knew
where he could secure a substantial
financial subscription as a beginning.
He suggested the organization of an
exposition company, which in addition
to the interesting and instructive exhi-
bition of tobacco should also supply
other attractions. He said further
tliat he would have the show taken to
different cities, giving them all an op-

portunity to become thoroughly ac-
<iuainted with the growth and manu-
facture of tobacco.

Sidney J. Freeman followed Mr.
Lane in a strong address advocating an
exposition which should show tobacco
from the plant through all the
processes of manufacture to the con-
sumer, including the machinery used
in its manufacture in operation. He
closed with a motion that a committee
of three be chosen to formulate and
submit plans for such an exposition.
It was almost unanimously seconded,
many members springing to their feet
at the same moment, and the commit-
tee named elsewhere was selected. It
was undei-stood that the committee
would begin its work nt once.

WANT ADVERTISEMENTS.

Advertisements under this bead cost one
cent a word each time; no advertisement taken
for less than twenty cents; cash or stamps
must accompany orders, which should be re-
ceived by the 25th of the month.

WANTED TO PURCHASE— Second hand
tobacco baling- press. Box 38, care of New
Eiig-land Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Distributer for the output of a
smaU cig-ar factory makin^-^ a specialty of $25
and $30 goods. Box 34, Care The New England
Tobacco Grower.

WANTED— Second-hand green bone cutter.
D. L. B., Box 1'3, Roclvville, Connecticut.

FOR SALE— Canadian bard wood ashes.
Try this fertilizer. George Stevens, Peterboro,
Canada.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

In Australasia

Opportunities. for Increased MarKet of American
Leaf and Cigars

THE Depaituient of Commerce and
Labor is doing some excellent
work in bringing to the attention of
American manufacturers iu various
lines the methods necessar3' for the
moat successful of domestic products
in foreign lands. The new depart-
ment has given no better evidence of
its usefulness to the great comu>ercial
interests of the country than in the
series of reports now being issued in
which our most experienced consular
offices abroad present briefly and c m-
cisely the chief points to be kept in
mind by those who wish to extend
their export trade and to meet the
competition of the principal producers
of the world in corresponding lines.

One of the most comprehensive of
this series of reports relates to the
marketing of goods in Australasia, and
special emphasis is put upon the oppor-
tunity in this far away region for
American exporters of leaf and tobacco
products. No class of American goods
is so widelj' distributed as our tobacco.
and the New York Tobacco Leaf thinks
it will probably surprise a good many
experts in the .trade to learn that we
are now shipping about .T.OOO.OUU
pounds of leaf annually to Australasia,
and that iu our exports of manufac-
tured products we have far outstripped
(ireat Britain, in spite of^the preferen-
tial tariffs in existence between Eng-
land and her colonies. The most
significant feature of these statistics is
the fact, clearly disclosed, that our ex-
ports to Australasia are steadily in-
creasing, while those of England are
declining at a rate that bids fair to
put the British tobacco trade with
these colonies on a nominal basis
within a very few years.

The following table shows the ship-
ments of leaf tobacco from the United
States to Australasia for the yeais
1893. 1897, and from 1901 to 1904,
these years being selected to show the
general tendency throughout the past
decade:

LEAP.

Year. Pounds. Value,

1893 l,38-l,20a 1214,244

1897 1,607,331 3.53.807

1901 4,S'>5,741 700,834

1903 ,5,008,981 750,713

1903 2,907,026 487,082

1904 4,760,989 690,559

From this table it will be seen that
during the past ten years the average
annual exports of leaf to Australasia
have risen from about 1,500,000 pounds
to about 4,500,000, while the value.*
have gone up from about $230,000 to
about $650,000.

Our exports to Ar.stralasia of manu-
factures ot tobacco have risen even
more rapidly than our shipments of
leaf and have embraced every class of

goods, including small quantities of
cigars and large quantities of cigarettes
and plug tobacco. American biaiids
of these goods are outselling British
products in all sections, and the field
is evidently one which can be culti-
vated by American exporters ou a
much larger scale than heretofore. In
1902 our total exports of tobacco
manufactures to Australasia were
valued at $1,360,702. In 1903 they
lose to $1,414,404, and in 1904 to
11,669,519. The following table show-
ing our shipments of cigarettes and
plug tobacco gives a clear insight into
this movement during the past decade,
although plug tobacco was not sepa-
rately reported prior to 1898:

CHiARETTES.

year. Number. Value.

1893 57,236,000 $194,710

1897 98,701,000 209,529

1901 •. . . 1.50,341,000 497,032

1902 104,397,000 350,479

1903 124,881,000 422,976

PLUG.

Year. Pounds. Value.

1898 3.210,858 $788,894

1901 4,008,361 1,011,769

1902 3,348,475 834,431

1903 3.047,4-'il 703,607

A glance at the statistics of British

exports of tobacco products to Austra-
lasia for the last five calendar years
shows a surprising decline, indicating
clearly that shipments from the United
States are not only supplying all the
new demand that has been created for
tobacco in this region, but are displac-
ing British goods ot long-stanling
reputation. The following table shows
the exports from England to Austra-
lasia of Cavendish or Negrohead and
all other manufactures of tobacco for
the five years 1899 to 1903:

CAVENDISH OR NEGROHEAD

Year. Pounds. Value.

1899 280,700 $194,755

1900 310,363 205,480

1901 297,200 191,180

1903 148,736 104,540

1903 88,748 58,800

OTHER MANUFACTURES
Vear. I'ounds. Value.

1899 19,234 $21,495 •

1900 17,305 20,315

1901 27,747 35,255

1903 8,798 14,505

1903 5,784 3,770

From these figures it appears that
the shipments of Cavendish in 1903
were but little more than one-fourth
tho.se of 1899, while in misi'ellaneous
manufactures the traile has dwimlled
even more rapidly, the total shipments
in 1903 being valued at less than one-
fifth those of 1899. It is certainly an
interesting fact that while our exports
to Australasia in 1903 amounted to

nearly $1,500,000, those of Oreat
Britain barely exceeded $60,000.

Marked Weight Duty

The long disputed question as to
whether importers must pay for the
loss of weight in gjods from drying
while in a warehouse was settled
recently in the affltmafive, when U.
S. Circuit Judge Piatt (U. S. Circuit
Court, Southern District of New York)
rendered a decision in the cases of G.
Falk & Bro. and the American Cigar
(.'ompany.

These cases were appeals from the
ruling of the Board of General Ap-
praisers, who refused to make allow-
ance for shrinkage in weight of mer-
chandise while in bonded warehouses.

The merchandise involved consisted
of tobacco entered in bond and subse-
quently withdrawn. At the time of
withdrawal the importers claimed that
the tobacco had lo.st in weight and that
duty should be assessed according to
the weight at that time, the collector
having liquidated the duties upon the
entered weight of the merchandise.
The importers further contended that
section 20 of the act of June 10, 1890,
as amended by the act of December 15,
1902, authorized them to withdraw the
meichandise from the warehouse upon
payment of duties and charges based
upon its weight at tlie time of with-
drawaL To reach this conclusion,
however, they were obliged tn contend
that the section referred to repeals
section 2,983 of the Revised Ktatute.^
which reads: "In no case shall there
be any abatement of the duties or
allowance made for any' injury, dam-
age, deterioration, loss or leakage sus-
tained by any merchandise while
depo.sited in any public or private
londed warehouse."

In affirming the Appraisers' decision,
Judge Piatt .said: "I cannot find any
.sound reason for believing that Con-
gress did not have section 2.983 in
mind when it enacted said section 30,
as amended. It is obvious that section
20, especially as amended, refers ex-
clusively to rate rather than weight."

Simsbury

Ohanncey H. Eno. the prominent to-
bacco grower of Sinisbury, has been
appointed deputy collector of internal
revenue for District No. 3 by Collector
W. F. Kinney, in the place of William
B. Sprague, who has resigned to accept
the position of superintendent of the
capitol.

STUDIO

1030 MAIN *T., HARTFOR-D

Leading' Artist in Photography
and General Portraiture.

Our t>liotoi,Maplis are iiijt "shade" ^'lowti but
are made with the clearness and exact lilceness
that win for us permanent customers. We are
after .vour photographic trade. Studio^ I039
Main St., Opposite Morgan St.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Sanderson's
FORMULA

B For Tobacco

The importance of proper plant food and soil treatment in
order to secure a leaf possessing all the points necessary
to suit the buyers, is well understood by every grower.

Sanderson^s Formula Fertilizer B Contains

.lust the right kind of elements to produce a high priced
leaf. Try it this season. fTiUy guaranteed to be as rep-
resented: :::::::

SEND FOR FREE CIRCULAR.

Sanderson Fertilizer & Cliemical Co.

NEW HAVEN, CONN.
Represented by CHAS. W. SCOTT, Greenfield, Mass.

Cigar Leaf SHortage

Manufacturers Disturbed at tHe LacR of
Serviceable Domestic Leaf

NEW YORK leaf iiackers hokl the
opinion that a serious condition
confronts the cigar indnstry of the
United States. They say that with
the exception of the crops of Ohio and
Connecticut there is an alarming lack
of sound, serviceable tobacco, and that
this is especially true as to the crops
in the two largest leaf producing
states, to wit, Pennsylvania and Wis-
consin.

Pennsylvania, according to the New
York Tobacco Leaf, is ordinaiily to be
depended on fur from 65,000 to "so.ilOO
cases of sound leaf, but the 1904 crop,
it is estimated, will not yield over
.'50,000 cases; and of this, fully one-
half has been damaged by' frost and
hail, so that altogether this year the
trade will not get from the Keytsone
state over 2.t,000 cases 'of serviceable
cigar leaf tobacco.

Ever since this class Of tobacco has
been grown in Pennsylvania -and that
dates back to the eaily years of the
ninteenth century -very many of tlie
farms there have been worked on
shares, but of very recent years the
"share-men," as they are called, dis-
satisfied with the returns from their

bard labor, have deserted the tanus
and are now to be found by hundreds
as earners of weekly wages on the rail-
roads and trolley lines ot southern
Pennsylvania.

In Wisconsin, during the growing
season of 190-t, the equivalent of fully
.TO, 000 cases of leaf was destroyed by
hail and frost, and the total quantity
of 1904 Wisconsin at the disposal of
cigar nianufacturers in lOO."? is esti-
mated at only two-thirds of anoimal
crop. "Share-men" in Wisconsin are
also said to be abandoning the tobacco
farms for other work, particularly the
cultivation of the sugar beet. The
latest statistics have it that fully
.5,000 acres in Wisconsin are now given
up to this new farm product.

In the tobacco-growing sections of
the Empire State the cooditions during
the growing season of 1904 are dis-
heartening to contemplate, and those
who have been over the grounil say
that the 1904 crop will be only one-
third as large as normally.

Bearing in mind that the total
annual output of cigais paying the
$;i tax at present exceeds 7, ,500,000. 000,
of which perhaps 5,500,000,000 are

made, as to the filler and binder, out
of tobacco grown on Uncle Sam's
farms, the gloom of those whose views
ai-e here set forth is intelligible. Not
only do these authorities predict a lean
year as to the supply of leaf, to which
cigar manufacturers will have to look,
Init they point out, in addition, that
nowadays.on account of the papnlarlty
of numbers of brands of so-called
".scrap chewing" tobaccos, fully 20,-
000,000 pounds of scraps and cuttings,
which foruieily went into cheroots, nr<?
now consumed in the manufacture of
"scrap chewing," which simply means
that the cigar industry in 1905 will be
short 30,000,000 piunds more.

It is a fact that in the closing
month of 1904 the stock of old leaf in
the hands of cigar manufacturers and
jobbers is the lowest on record, at least
since the annual production of cigais
in the United States passed the 5,000,-
000 mark.

Broad Brook

Nearly all the growers have their
whole crop down and stripped. The
warehouses are extra busy with a full
force of help. The buyers have been
rushing around every day and have
bought up about everything in sight.
Prices have fallen off a good deal, and
fine tobacco is being bought now for
from 14 to 20 cents instead of 25 to 30
cents, as was the case two months ago.

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

^he New England

Tobacco Grower

Published monthly by
Tobacco Grower Publishing Co.

SS Trumbull street,

Hartford Fire Insurance Building

Hartford, .Connecticut.

Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
Ten Cents a Copy.

PAUL ACKER.LY, Editor.

Volume VI.

Number 6.

Entered at the Hartford Posl-Office as Second
Class mail matter.

HARTFORD, FEBRUARY, 1905.

THE PHILIPPINES

CONSISTENTLY, the tobacco
^^^ growers of New Englnncl are
opposed to the lowering of tariff
duties on cigar leaf tobacco, and no
attempt to represent them as having
other views can be maintained. It is
axiomatic that if the tobacco used in
the manufacture of a box of cigars is
grown in a foreign country, it is of no
value as a source of income to the to-
bacco growers of New England, and
the business of growing tobacco in this
region is carried on as a means of
gaining a livelihood and supporting
the communit}'.

In opposing the further reduction of
the tariff on cigar leaf tobacco from
the Philippines, the tobacco growers
of New England defend their property
and their industry against undue com-
petition with the cheap labor of an
unesploited country.

If thus self defence is a crime, it is
safe to say that the discovery will be
made hy the rest of the country in
time to defeat us and "save the nation
from dishonor. " If it is not a crime
to defend an old-established industry
against proposed competition rom
coolie labor, then the justice of the
position will in full or in part be ac-
cepted by the remainder of the Ameri-
can people, and this attack on home
industry defeated.

When a military or civil governor is
sent to a distant dependency, he natu-
rally considers himself as charged with
the dutj' of obtaining the best bargain
he can for the people he has to govern.
When the interests of the people under
his control conflict with any pait of

the community at home, he of course
takes the side of the Islanders, doubt-
less reflecting that the people at home
whose interests are affected may be
depended upon to look out for them-
selves at Washington. It was in this
way that a military governor of Cuba
justified his use of Cuban money in
the employment of Americans as
lobbyists at Washington in favor of
the so-called Cuban reciprocity.

COrrON^SEED MEJtL

^^N account of the large cotton
^■^ crop produced by the South last
season, the price of cotton -seed meal
should rest at moderate »figures this
Spring, affoiding satisfaction to those
New England tobacco growers who
use the meal as a source of nitrogen,
either in combination with ready made
fertilizers or in home mixtures.

The immense quantities of meal
which are re(iuired annually for fer-
tilizing in this region bear testimony
to the desire of the tobacco growers to
maintain the excellence of their prod-
uct, and to act in accord with what
they regard as the best practice for
their soils.

The heavy annual sales of the special
tobacco fertilizers, to which the meal
is often used as an auxiliary, also
testify to this same spirit on tbe part
of the growers, and to the interest
taken by the fertilizer manufacturers
in the preparation designed to meet
the peculiar demands of the industry.

The continued success of tobacco
growers who year after year use an
approved brand of special tobacco fer-
tilizer, and who find both yield and
quality improving, is a feature of
modern tobacco culture in New Eng-
land.

THE LEJtF MJtRKET

New York, Jan. 25.

A fairly brisk market is reported for
this week in all types of old domestic
goods. No material changes have oc-
curred in price, tliough the rrrarket is
gradually being depleted, and there is
nothing immediately available in place
of the present stocks. Some 1904 Con-
necticut Havana Seed has appeared on
the market, anl is receiving some at-
tention from buyers. Old Pennsylvania
Iroadleaf, old Ziinmer Spanrsh and old
Connecticut broadleaf still have the
call.

.Sumatra- The fact that the first
Amsterdam inscription has been set
down for March 10 is not to the taste
of the American buyers. It means
that the season will be longer than

usual. That there is an even "greater
scarcity in the 1904 crop of the light
tobaccos, so greatly demanded by the
United States, than there was in the
1903 crop is known in advance of tbe
inscriptions.

Havana — Not only are the big
packers in Cuba unprecedentedly busy
with buyers from the United States
and with those resident in Havana, but
in New York the importers all agree
that the demand is encrmous. One
old house says it has never known such
a demand so early in the season in
thirty years. If business in Havana
tobacco keeps on at its present pace,
1905 is going to be the greatest year in
the history of the cigar.

WRJIPPER SHJIDES

One of the commonest fallacies on
the part of the smoking public is
that the color of a cigar wrapper rndi-
cates its strength. Oscuro or maduro
is popularly regarded as being very
strong, and tlaro as mild or weak.
Nothing is further from the truth.
The strength of a cigar depends upon
the quality and moisture of the filler,
and is altogether independent of the
wrapper. Occasionally a maduro is so
mild as to be insipid, and a claro so
strong as to make the head swim. The
mildest filler is dry, papery and light-
colored. The strongest filler is moist,
fleshy and dark-colored.

The strength of a cigar depends also
upon its size, or rather, its thickness.
When it is narrow, like a panetela, the
combustion is perfect, and almost no
essential oil is produced. On the other
hand, a thick cigai', like a breva,
especially whert rolled a trifle too tight,
burns slowly and generates much
essential oil. As the fire approaches
the mouth, these oils are driven into
the smoke, which grows very strong
and rank.

The color of tobacco is, however, a
good touchstone in regard to the
strength of pipe and cigarette tobaccos.
The mildest brands, according to the
New York Tobacco Leaf, are these
which are made from bright Virginia
or golden Ca valla. Next to these are
the white Bnrley of Kentucky, the
dark tobaccos of Virginia and the
brown tobaccos of South Amerit'a. It
makes no practical difference whether
the leaf is granulated. long cut or curly
cut. After these come the tobaccos
that have been refermented or specially
treated by the manufacturer. Nearly
all of this class are dark-colored, some
beirjg (}uite black.

Among the last-named rnay be
mentioned the Perique and imitation
Pericjue of this country, the black
kanastei of Venezuela, the black to-
baccos of the Amazon and of San Paulo
in Brazil, and the caporal of France.
Dry tobaccos are milder than moist
ones, but nearly all burn the tongue
on account of the dry heat of the
smoke. Moist tobaccos do not burn
the tongue, but are always much
stronger than those which are dry.
Where the moistening is done by water,
there is but little increase in strength

act, w'

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

grow'::rs' jissocimtiom

(ConcUidi't! ti'imi pa^^e 4.)

culture, atlihesaed the meeting on
plant bi'eediug and selection. He dis
claimed being a tobacco expert and
said that he would simply give the
results of experiments whicli had come
to bis notice in connection with his
duties. Mr. Webber said that the
idea of plant breeding dated back to
the beginning of the eighteenth cen-
tury and that there had been a renewal
of progress along tue line in the past
ten years. Scientific and cireful
methods were necessary in the im-
provement of plants and the proposi-
tion was the same as in the improve-
ment of stock, in that it was necessary
to make the right selection of individ-
ual specimens and also those which
would transmit in the liighest degree
their (jualities to tlieir progeny.

Dr. Webber spoke of the experiments
which had been made in this section
with both shade-grown and outside to-
bacco, and he had passed around at the
meeting a number of photographs
which had been taken. (Experiments
have been going on for the past two
years in this vicinity under A. D.
Shamel and W. W. Cobey, who are
connected with the bureau of plant
industry. ) The speaker believed that
much improvement in tobacco crops
was pos.sible and showed that much
had already been accomplished. Uni-
formity in ripening was one of the
desired results to be brought about,
which would prevent the present
troubles when the lower leaves of the
plant ripened first, and when it was
cut some were green and others over-
ripe.

Dr. E. H. Jenkins of the Connecti-
cut Agricultural Experiment Station,
New Haven, also spoke briefly along a
similar line, making suggestions as to
the improvement of the tobacco crop.
Queotions we:e asked of both speakers
and a \ote of thanks was given to
each.

RESOLUTIONS.

The committee on resolutions,
through Owen E. Case of Barkhamsted,
reported the following, Mr. Case say-
ing that the first three resolutions had
not been drawn by the committee, but
they represented their sentiments:

Resolved, That the New England
Tobacco Groweis' A.ssociation regards
with great interest the tobacco seed
selection work of the bureau of plant
industry of the Department of Agricul-
ture, which aims to improve the
strains of tobacco seed through the
closer observation and selection of the
seed plants and the discarding of the
inferior individual plants, instead of
allowing such inferior characteristics
to be reproduced.

Resolved, That we urge the contin-
uance of the work of the bureau of
plant industry particularly to demon-
strate whether the improved character-
istics as obtained in the past two years
are sufficiently fixed and permanent as
to be regularly transmitted in future
plant generations.

Resolved, That we request our sena-

tors and representatives in Congress to
aid in continuing the appropriation for
the work and that copies ot these reso-
lutions be forwarded to them and to
the secretary of agriculture.

Resolved, That the president ap-
point a committee of three to report at
the next annual meeting of the New
England Tobacco Growers' Association
regarding any revision of the by-laws
that in their judgment might seem
best.

Resolved, That the present tariff
rate on tobacco from foreign countries
is satisfactory to the New England To-
bacco Growers' Association and we
earnestly request our senators and
representatives in Congress to use as
far as possible their influence to main-
tain the same rate of duty.

Resolved, That the name of the New
England Tobacco Growers' Association
being incorporated out committee
would deem it unwise for any other
person or company to use the same
name.

Resolved, That this association hold
their annual mid-summer meeting and
that the president shail make such call
for said meeting. Our committee
would recommend that our secretary
would forward to our senators and
representatives a copy ot the portion of
these resolutions relating to the tariff.

The resolutions were all adopted
without discussion ot dissenting voice.

The following committee on changes
in the by-laws was appointed: .H. W.
Afford of Poquonock, W. F. Andross ot
South Windsor and Owen E. Case of
Barkhamsted.

The following have been appointed
as the executi ve board of the New
England Tobacco Growers' Associa-
tion: \V. F. Andross. East Hartford,
chairman; H. W. Alford, Poquonock;
B. M. Warner, Hatfield, Mass.; H. H.
Austin, Sufdeld; J. H. Pierce, Enfield.

Urged to Hold Tobacco

Some of the farmers of Beach Grove,
in the Henderson Kentucky district,
have aroused the ire of their fellow-
citizens by selling their tobacco at
seven, seven and two cents. A com-
mittee was appointed to call on the
farmers who sold to urge them to hold
their tobacco for eight cents. Every
effort is being made by the American
Society of Equity to have them hold
their tobacco for eight cents crop
round, and they use, as one of their
arguments that the tobacco ctop of the
United States is about 156,000,000
pounds short as compared with 1903.

Pennsylvania Seed for Italy

In compliance with a request.
County Commissioner N. L. Greider
of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, has
shipped three pounds of Lancaster
county tobacco seed to the Italian
government.

West Suffield

The long-looked for tobacco damp
has at last arrived and the farmers
and packers are rejoicing.

BURMESE EXPERIMEMTS

The Department of Commeice and
Labor at Washington has received
a copy of the Gazette of Rangoon,
Burma, in whicli are reported the
results of an exjieriment recently
made in twenty-four districts of Brit-
ish Burma, in the culture of tobacco
giown ficm Cuban and American seed.
The Gazette says:

"A supply of 40 pounds of Havana
and 30 pounds ot Virginia tobacco seed
was procured from America, and sent
last year to twenty-four districts in
British Burma for experimental culti-
vation. In thirteen districts the ex-
periments were complete failures,
owing to heavy rains or destruction by
insects, while partial succe.ss is re-
ported from Prome, Tavoy, Tjiayemyo,
Bhamo, Myitkyina and Kyaukse.
Good results were obtained in Hanth-
waddy, Maubin. Henzada, Minbu and
Mandalay. The outturns were gener-
ally heavy, varying from 130 (o 400
pounds per acre, and the prices realized
averaged from 40 to .'JO rupees per
viss, and were considerably better than
obtainable for Mie country variety.

"The Havana in particular is much
esteemed by the people and preferred
to the local variety, and Maubin has
become an important centre for its cul-
tivation. Tliere is a large export of
the leaf, while very little Indian to-
bacco is now imported into the place.
Seeds obtained from previous experi-
ments are extensively utilized by culti-
vators, and the industry at the centre
named may be said to be flourishing.
Locally, rolled cigars from the Havana
leaf find ready sale, and the export is
steadily increasing. '

East Granby

Morgan J. Bacon is erecting a new
bain on the site of the one destroyed
by fire last fall.

Clarence Marks has sold his crop of
tobacco to Louis Kramer of Lancaster,
Pa.

J. G. Dickenson has delivered his
tobacco to Mr. Bushman of Westfield.

Broad Brook

James Noiris opened his packing
house Monday, and is putting up 1,000
cases of tobacco for Starr Brothers.

E. H. Sloan has sampled 140 cases of
force sweat tobacco which has turned
out in first class condition, and there
are good sales on the samples of same.

Deerfield

The last damp saw all the tobacco
taken from the poles, with only a few
small crops left unsold.

Buyers have been plentiful, but have
managed to keep the prices down.
Prices range from 12 to 19 cent.s, with
the greater part from 13 to 15.

The average weight has been aV)out
20O pounds more per acre than last
year.

Crop was absolutely sound and
should have brought a much better
price.

JO

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Iveguminous Plants

Nitrogen Contained R-egarded in Its Value as a

Plant Food •

NITRATE of soda contains about
16 per cent, of nitrogen, or 320
ponnds per ton of 2,000 pounds, cost-
ing at 15 cents per pound $48. Esti-
mating 500 pounds of nitrate of soda
per acre, containing 80 pounds of
nitrogen at 15 cents per pound for the
nitrogen -which is the usual amount
used, it represents an expenditure of
$13 per acre per annum which may be
regarc ed as large for one acre and
quite a serious risk, to say the least.

But when the nitrogen is grown on
the farm the gain may be equal to the
value of the crop.

A yield of four tons of clover hay on
a farm, is equivalent to 1,000 pounds
of nitrate of soda in nitrogen, estimat-
ing each ton of hay to contain iO
pounds of nitrogen. Such a crop
therefore, if not harvested and allowed
to remain on the ground to be plowed
in, would be equivalent to |35 worth
of fertilizers purchased for the nitrogen
it contains.

However, it is best to feed the
clover hay to stock, as it is then not
only converted into milk or meat, bnt
that portion not utilized, contains
nearly all of the nitrogen in the feed,
passing from the animal in its manure
and urine together with 93 per cent, of
the potash, in which condition it is
far more available for plants. It is
claimed, however, that the mass of
loots and stubble left over in the
ground are nearly equal to the tops
and the soil, therefore, is enriched
from that source.

A ton of green clover contains about
one-half of 1 per cent, of nitrogen,
while clover hay contains 3 percent.,
or four times as much as green clover
which carries a large per cent of water.
The composition of clovers differ, as
there are several varieties— red, mam-
moth, alsike, scarlet and white — that
are well known, but the common red
is mostly grown.

If an acre produced three tons of
clover hay, such clover when green
would weigh twelve tons, nine tons
being water; but this depends largely
upon the stage of growth at which it is
mowed, the nearer the appioach to
maturity the smaller the proportion of
water. This large quantity of water
in the green clover causes it to more
quickly decompo.se in the soil than will
the cured hay, and the soil is conse-
quently soured to a certain extent by
the vegetable and mineral acids result-
ing from decomposition.

The u.se of an alkali, therefore, like
lime, neutralizes the acids and assists
in the chemical action occurring in the
soil, the lime also serving as plant
food for nearly all kinds of crops, but
the farmer can purchase those sub-
stances at one-third the cost of nitrogen
and should, therefore produce as much

nitiogen as possible on the farm by the
use of leguminous plants such as
clover, beans and cowpeas.

Plowing under clover is not the best
way to inoculate soil with nitrogen,
but it may be more profitably used for
tliat purpose in the form of dry stock
food as above suj.'gested. If there is a
farm on which clover will not grow,
use lime and then procure earth from
a field on which clover has been grown
successfully, in order that the soil may
be inoculated with the microbes that
assist clover in deriving nitrogen from
the atmosphere.

M. Grandeair, Insisector General of
the French Agricultural Experiment
Station, and Herr Frishwell of Ger-
many, have demonstrated by numerous
experiments that such can be accom-
plished with absolute certainty. Thev
secured 134 pounds of nitrogen per
acre with clover inoculation, M.
Grandeair sowing 800 pounds of im-
pregnated earth per acre on one plot,
l,(i"0 pounds on a second plot and none
on a third, the first plot producing
twice as much as the third and the
second three times as much.

In Germany the "Lupitz" method is
largely used. It is to employ a sub-
stance known as "nitragen," which is
a culture of the required microbe, but
the other elements of fertility, such as
lime and potash, are also added, by
which methods of all kinds of crops
were maae to produce enormously at a
saving of 50 per cent, in the cost of
fertilizers.

Not only should clover be a staple
crop on all farms but quick-maturing
crops should also be sown, such as rye,
oats, cowpeas, millet and buckwheat,
for turning under, which, with the aid
of lime or wood ashes, will largely in-
crease the fertility of the soil at a
small cost proportionately, but farmers
should not neglect the use of manure,
which, if properly managed and ap-
plied will greatly increase the accumu-
lation of nitrogen in the plants, from
the atmosphere, by producing a vigor-
ous and healthy growth.

Intensive fanning, along these lines,
is a study of nature, as interesting as
it is profitable— an exact science second
to none within the entire range of
human understanding.

New Use for Tobacco Stems

An applicant states to the Commis-
sioner of Internal Revenue that in the
stems of tobacco a suitable ingredient
has been found to use as an admixture
in certain medicinal preparations dis-
tiibuted by the drug trade, and desires
to ascertain if in any way within the
limits of the law and with no desire to
evade the tax it may be possible to
avail himself of this discover}' without
having a revenue Stamp marked "to-

bacco" attached to his prod uich

lie deems objectionable.

He was advised that it wrjld be im-
possible to render any decision in the
matter upon the fueager information
contained in his letter; that it would
be necessaiy tor him to forward a
sample of his preparation, naming the
ingredients therein and describe the
proces:i of manufacture in order that
the 'jommissionei might have definite
information upon which to act.

The Law Jtgainst Jtmerican
Strips

C. A. Burnett, of Paducah, Ken-
tucky, who has .iust returned from
Europe, says tliat the English dealers
ill American tobacco are not satisfied
with the outlook under the law plac-
ing a tax on tobacco stripped in Amer-
ica, in the hope of building up an Eng-
lish stripping industry. Some of the
dealers have fitted up their plants for
taking out the stems from leaf im-
ported from America, but that they
find it more disagreeable than first
expected.

They are coming to the unpleasant
realization that stemming tobacco
after it has been prized is not so easy,
while there is no market there for
stems that make them profitable. Mr.
Burnett believes that the prohibitive
duty on stripped tobacco will soon be
repealed.

JENKINS & BARKER,

Successors to Col. Charles L. Bnrdett.

Patent and Trade Mark Causes.
Solicitors of United States and Foreign Pat-
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REMOVAL NOTICE

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I first appeared on the market iS months

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Reliable Agents Wanted

THE NEW ENGLAND" TOBACCO GROWER

n

Handling Leaf Tobacco

Interesting to Note the Changes That Have TaRen
Place in Five Years

AB. DAINGERFIELD, iuhum-
• ger of the insurance depnrt-
ineiit of the Wacovia Loan and Trust
Company, Winston -Saleai, N. C,
writes to the Insurance Press:

"To one actively engaged in solicit-
ing business in a large tobacco town
like Winston, N. C, which is the
third largest in the world in its out-
put of manufactured stock, it i,s inter-
esting to note the changes in the
methods of handling the leaf that have
taken place during tbe past live years,
and also to note the resulting reduc
tion in fire waste.

"Formerly tbe manufacturer had
his daily purchases hauled to his five
or six story prizery and there hung on
sticks to dry by natural process. After
it became perfectly dry. stem and tiber,
it would have to remain in a rack un-
til 'a season' softened it or to become
in 'condition' to bulk or prize in hogs-
heads. Frequently it took from eight
to ten months to bring about these
conditions so that the leaf would be
ready to 'strike down' or go into plug,
for which it was intende 1.

"For some mysterious reason, the
leaf tobacco in these larger prizeries
proved to be one of the most hazardous
risks the insurance companies were
called upon to carry. The rate on
insurance being coriespondingly high
and the term long, freijuenth' more
than twelve months, the manufacturer
or dealer in leaf wa.? constantly com-
plaining of the hardship of paying
such high rates, and the insurance
companies were equally dissatisfied
with the inadequate rates charged and
the large lines required on these priz-
eries, many of which would contain
from 400,000 to .jOO, 000 pounds, or a
total value of from $50,000 to !li7.'),000.
Therefore the poor local insurance
agent was con.stantly between two
fires.

"During the early period of manu-
facturing tobacco, it was deemed un-
wise to ship tobacco unless it had
'aged,' and frequently the best makers
would work up their stock a year in
advance, the insurance agent coming
in for his share of profit in the long
term of his policy.

"Destructive fires were then fre-
quent, for should a prizery catch fire
from internal or external causes, it
was sure to be a total loss. Even the
brick in the building were so seriously
affected that they were of no value,
and the hope of salvage was lost. In
those days the total output of Winston
was scarcely more than 10,000,000
pounds of plug tobacco, produced by
over thirty small factories.

"About five years ago the American
Tobacco Company invaded this field,
buying up several of the larger plants,
and now one of these factories produce

over 30,000,000 pounds alone, and the
total output of the nine factories 35,-
000,000 pounds, requiring nearly.30, -
000,000 pounds of leaf, or more than
double the amount of leaf tobacco sold
on the local market.

"To handle this immense bulk of the
leaf it was seen that other methods
must be devised. It was then the
patent dryer made its appearance,
changing for all time the methods of
handling the leaf.

"The result is that now the manu-
factuier goes on the warehouse floor in
the morning and buys his dilierenl
grades of leaf, send them to his re-
ordering plant, and within twenty-tour
hours the tobacco is cured, placed in
hogsheads, marked and storeil in the
one stoiy standard warehouse or old
prizery, converted into a hogshead
storage, at an insurance cost of one-
half or one-third the rate on his
former piizery, and before thirty days
rolls aiound, this same leaf tobacco hhs
been manufactuied into plug and sold
'away down South in Dixie' at a good
profit, but on four or six months' time,
the larger bulk of which is paid for
within thirty days to secure the dis-
count. "

Early Tobaccos

Tobacco was first taken to Europe
liy Hermandez de Toledo, who intro-
duced it into Spain and Portugal from
San Domingo in I.T-jO. In the .same
year it was introduceil into France
from the Spanish peninsula by Jean
Nicot, the French ambassador to Lis-
bon. It is said to have been used in
Italy as early as 1560. In 1.583 it was
carried to England by Sir Francis
Drake and his companions on a retnrn
voyage from Virginia, and Sir Walter
Ualeigh introduced among the Eliza-
bethian courtiers the fashion of pipe
smoking, which spread through Eng-
land with great rapidity.

The first tobacco cultivated by a
European within the present limits of
tlie United States was grown by John
Rolfe, at Jamestown, Va. , in 161'?.
As early as 1615 the fields, gardens,
streets and public scjuares of James-
town were planted with tobacco. It
was the one commodity which sus-
tained the struggling settlement, be-
cause it readily commanded, in
reciprocal trade with the mother coun-
try, the necessaries of life. It was the
medium of exchange and the standard
of value.

Copper Hill

The recent damps have been a per-
fect bonanza to the tobacco men, and
it was fully improved to the full extent
of the crops, in this vicinity.

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19 John Street,

BOSTON, MASS.

12

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

QUALITY IN CROPS.

fitndies of tlie Effect of Irrigation on
Standard Graiiin and Roots.

In crop production as a rule more at-
tention Is given to increasing the yield
than to improving the quality of the
product. In the majority of cases it is
the maximum crop rather than the
optimum quality which is sought in
practice. With the adoption of more
Intensive systems of farming, more ex-
acting demands of the markets and the
growth of competition in agricultural
production it is becoming more evident
that both of these factors must he tak-
en into account and that the most suc-
cessful farmer will be the one produc-
ing the largest crops of the best quali-
ty. Recently the Utah experiment sta-
tion has reported some interesting stud-
ies of the effect of irrigation on the
composition and quality of crops. The
Bxpeiiments were made on shallow,
gravelly bench land with wheat, oats,
coin, potatoes and sugar beets.

The results with wheat show that
the yield of grain and straw per acre
Increases as the amount of water in-
creases, up to a certain limit. If more
than thirty Inches Is applied, the yield
both of grain and straw diminishes.
The wheat grown with the least water
contained the most gluten. Therefore
the most desirable wheat for human
use is that grown with little water.

In the case of oats there was a steady

Increase of grain and straw up to thir-
ty inches. More than that caused a de-
crease. Increase in grain was obtain-
ed at the e.^pense of the straw, which
decreased correspondingly. In order to
obtain the largest yields of grain, oats
and all other grain crops should re-
ceive heavy irrigations at the time of
heading out.

The yield of ear corn, and, with one
exception, of stover, increased with
the increase of water. In this respect
corn appears to be different from the
other grain crops, wheat and oats.
However, the increase per inch of wa-
ter after twenty inches had been ap-
plied was very small indeed.

The yields of potatoes increased uni-
formly, with one exception, as the
quantity of water was increased. With

WATEE EEQUniED TO PKODTJCE ONE POTIND
OF DRY UATXEK Q} DUTEKENT CEOPS.

forty inches of water more than four
times as many potatoes were produced
as with nine inches. It is evident that
the potato is a crop that demands much
water for the production of maximum
yields. The same amount of water
(fifteen inches) when applied in six ir-
rigations gave nearly two and a half

times as many potatoes as when ap-
plied in two irrigations. Potatoes
should therefore receive frequent small
irrigations.

The proportion of marketable pota-
toes was largely increased by frequent
small applications of water. Only a
little more than one-half of the pota-
toes raised with two irrigations were
marketable, while nearly nine-tenths
of those raised with six irrigations
were suitable tor the market. Few
heavy irrigations tend to produce small
potatoes; frequent small irrigations
tend to produce large potatoes. All the
evidence tends to confirm the conclu-
sion that large yields of marketable
starchy potatoes are obtained with fre-
quent small irrigations, the total quan-
tity of water applied being as large as
possible.

With sugar beets not only does the
moderate use of water (about twenty
inches per season) give the largest
yield of beets, but it produces also
beets that are richer in sugar than
either those grown with less or more
water. The results of the analyses of
the beets grown in the irrigation ex-
periments show that an increase of 1
per cent of sugar was obtained by em-
ploying about twenty inches of water
in irrigation. Such an increase would
mean to a factory handling 25,000 tons
of beets nearly 500.000 pounds of sug-
ar, which is certainly an item worthy
of consideration. F"rom every point of
view the moderate use of water in the
iiTigation of sugar beets appears desir-
nble.

m

w
w

w

A SUITABLE
LOCATION

For Tobztcco Growers

FOR any business man, professional
man, or industry, is easily obtained
by consulting the Industrial De-
partment. fl^The proposition submitted
will be attractive, embodying just the
information desired to intelligently con-
sider such an important matter as change
of location. CLO^ir monthly magazine of
Southern opportunities will prove inval-
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MANATEE

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The climate is delightful, the atmos-
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land of perfect health, ideal living, where
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General Industrial Agent
Portsmouth, Va.

SEABOARD AIR LINE RAIL^VAY

m

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

LUTHRR M. CASE.

WINSTED, CONNECTICUT,
Packer and Dealer in

Connecticut Leaf Tobacco.
Shade Grown J^^
Sumatra in Bales.

Main Warehouse and Office, Pine Meadow, Conn.

J3

BRMMCH IVMREHOVSES:

Southwick, Mass.,— Foreman, H. L- Miller.
East Canaan, Conn.,— Foreman, L- F. Bronson.
Barkhamsted, Conn.,— Foreman, L. A.. Lee.
North Hatfield, Mass., — Foreman, Willis Holden.
New Hartford. Conn .,— Foreman, James Stewart.

SUMATRA PLANTATIONS:

Pine Meadow, Conn., 25 Acres

Barkhamsted, Conn., 20 Acres \:.JfM\lk]WMM\{MU\

Soothwick, Mass., 15 Acres glfllpl ii

Always in the market for old Tobacco If well
assorted and packed, Jt Havana Seed Wrap-
pers a specialty, assorted and .sized into
thirty-two g'rades. ......

Jy'

^^(^mmmmmmmmmmm^^^^^^^^^

UNTHINKABLE AGRICULTURE

Secretai'y VVilson*s Annual Report
Tells of Startling Values.

The corn crop of 1904 yields a farm
value greater than ever before. The
fanners could from the proceeds of
this single crop pay the uatioual debt,
the interest thereon for a year and still
have enough left to pay a considerable
portion of the government's yearly ex-
penses. The cotton crop, valued for
lint and seed at $1)00,000,000, comea
second, while hay and wheat contend
for the third place. Combined, these
two crops will about e(iual in value the
corn crop. Notwithstanding the wheat
crop shows a lower production than
any year since 1900, the farm value is
the highest since 1881. Potatoes and
barley reached their highest production
in 1904. Save in 1902, the oat crop was
never so large by 00.000,000 bushels.
The present crop of rice promises a
yield of 9 i.imhj.OOO pounds, 300,000.000
more than ever before.

Horses and mules reach the highest
point this year, with an aggregate val-
ue e.xceeding ,¥1,354,000,000. On the
other hand, cattle, sheep and hogs all
show a slight decline.

The steady advance in poultry leads
to some astonishing figures. The farm-
ers' hens now ijroduce 1,666,000,000
dozens of eggs, and at the high average
price of the year the hens during thoir
busy season lay enough eggs In a sin-

gre^month to pay flie year's interest on
the national debt.

After a careful estimate of the value
of the products of the farm during
1904, made within the census scope, it
is safe to place the amount at $4,900,-
000.000 after excluding the value of
farm crops fed to live stock in order
to avoid duplication of values. This is
9.G5 per cent above the product of 1903
and 31.28 per cent above that of the
census year 189!).

Some comparisons are necessary to
the realization of such an unthinkable
value, aggregating nearly $5,000,000,-
000. The farmers of this country have
in two years produced wealth exceed-
ing the output of all the gold mines of
the entire world since Columbus dis-
covered America. This year's product
is over six times the amount of the
capital stock of all national banks; it
lacks but three-fourths of a billion dol-
lars of the value of the manufactures
of 1900, less the cost of materials used;
it is three times the gross earnings
from the operations of the railways
and four times the value of all miner-
als produced in this country.— Annual
Report of Secretary of Agriculture.

Riii5|an

Ic,"°5;lI. 803 Main Street.

IN THE HEART
OF THE CITY

The central location of this
Bank makes it convenient for
city or out-of-town depositors.

All street cars pass City Hall
and the American Bank is di-
rectly opposite.

We offer depositors every
facility which their accounts,
business and credit warrant.

The possibility of keeping injurious
Insects in check by the introduction of
their natural Insect enemies is a popu-
lar subject with fruit growers and
farmers. . _

J4

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

THE STUDY OF AGRICULTURE

Notes and Comments on College
Work — Many More Stndents.

Dr. Allen of the office of experiment
stations has recently made some Inter-
esting statements and comments on the
status of agricultural training for
young men as shown by the records
of the past season. At hardly any
time, he says, since the stations were
organized and fairly running has there
been a greater call for men of various
grades and qualifications. A part of
this call has risen from the growth of
agricultural instruction and the re-
organization of several Institutions on
a broader basis.

A notable feature of the present de-
mand is credited to the "high degree
of efficiency which is called for. In
many cases specialists are desired who
bring to their work a combination of
special training and experience not
easily acquired at college. Frequently
such men have had to be trained for
the work after leaving college, and,
while this will probably be inevitable
for certain positions, the enlarging of
the facilities at the agricultural col-
leges, in teaching force and equipment,
and the provision for more efficient
postgraduate work will enable the
training in special lines to be carried
much farther."

Dr. Alleu notes that with a growins

appreciation of trained men for agri-
cultural pursuits has come a greater

interest in agricultural eaucation on
the part of young men, as strictly in-
dicated by the attendance at many of
the leading agricultural colleges now.
As a rule, the number in the en-
tering class who have elected agricul-
ture shows a marked increase, often
far in advance of previous years. The
University of Illinois, for example, re-
ports ]30 agricultural students in its en-
tering class as compared with 138 in
the whole college of agriculture two
years ago; Iowa Agricultural college
entered 155 as compared with 128 last
year; Massachusetts, 78; Michigan, 42
,n the freshman and 6 in the subfresh-
mau classes; Missouri, 60 as compared
with 44 last year; Ohio, 45; Texas,
00 as compared with 18 last year. The
above figures apply to students in the
entering classes who have elected the
four year courses in agriculture and
horticulture.

Other colleges report a marked in-
crease in the total number of agricul-
tural students. At Cornell university
the number hais increased about 30 per
cent, making the total 175; at the Ala-
bama college the total is about 135 as
compared with 125 last year; at Clem-
sou college. South Carolina, 137, a con-
siderable increase, and at the Univer-
sity of Wisconsin there are 88 students
in the long course against GO last year.

While these numbers are not large
relatively, they indicate a marked
change over conditions a few years
ago, and it should be noted that in the
majority of cases the registration has

increased in spite of more and more
rigid requirements for admission,
which are now as strict as for any oth-
er course In the institutions mentioned.
Tlie differentiation of the agricultural
course is now so much more complete
than formerly that in most instances
the men who elect agriculture do so
because they are seeking an agricul-
tural education and not because they
are forced to take this course in order
to get a training in general science, as
was frequently the case a few years
ago, or because it furnishes an easier
road to a degree. This adds force to
the figures presented above and indi-
cates that the placing of the agricultur-
al course on a level with other college
courses in poinf of entrance require-
ments and grade of work is meeting
with very encouraging results.

The two year courses and the short
winter courses are serving a most ad-
mirable purpose and are increasing the
army of trained agriculturists who put
the teachings of the agricultural col-
leges and the experiment stations and
other agencies for agricultural advance-
ment into practical application.

Ilacl£ivliea.t Crop.

The preliminary estimate of the bu-
reau of statistics on the buckwheat
croji is an average per acre of 10.0
bushels against an average yield of
17.7 bushels in 1903, 18.1 bushels in
1002 and a ten year average of 17.91
bushels. The average for quality Is
91.5 per cent against 91.4 last year,
88.1 in 1902 and 93.3 in 1901.

SoutKerm Location

For Your Home,

Your Manufacttiring Plant,

Your Business.

FARMS IN VIRGINIA, NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA,
ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI, KENTUCKY, TENNESSEE.

N

GOOD LANDS AT LOW PRICES.

A healthy Climate, Long Growing Season and an all-the-year working Season.

The South is now making greater progress than any other section. If you would
learn about its developments and the opportunities for good locations along the
SOUTHERN RAILWAY, write for copies of our publication.s, which which will be
sent free on request.

\^

M. V. RICHARDS,

Land and Industrial Jlgent,
SoutKern Railway, 'WasKington, D. C

(

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

15

C

Indian Head Plantations

INCORPORJtTED

Growers and Packers
of Leaf Tobacco

SUMATRA (Grown under Cloth) CUBAN

CONNECTICUT HAVANA— (Sun-erown)— CONNECTICUT BROADLEAF

Assorting and Packing for the Trade

Plantation Houses and Office at

Granby Station

X. Y., N. H. *- H. R. R.
Express, Telegraph and Freight

Jtddress: Granby Station
Telephone: Simsbury 52-14

TARIFFVILLE

Connecticut

JSl 1

FERTILIZING THE POTATO.

Home Mixed V'ersns Factory Mixed
l'"'ertilizers — Bui'iiyard ill.'inure.

A thorough prepiiration of the soil
and subsequent intensive cultivation t)f
the crop, aside from favorable weather
conditions, are not sufficient to insure
a large yield in many localities where
potatoes are grown for the ma:k.9t. An
increase in the yield under such condi-
tions is effected by the judicious use of
barnyard manure and commercial fer-
tilizers. The potato requires liberal
manuring, but it sometimes happens
that the applications customarily used
result either in a loss or in a reduced
profit because the different plant food
elements were not properly balanced
or the same quantity or quality of
plant food was not obtained at the
lowest cost. The results of a number
of experiments throwing light on this
problem of rational fertilizer treatment
for potatoes are here briefly noted.

The New Hampshire station has re-
cently published the results of a series
of e.Kperlments mainly devoted to the
study of the potato fertilizer problem.
An application of 1.500 pounds per acre
of a ready mixed fertilizer was used in
comparison with an equal quantity of
a home mixed fertilizer. Both applica-
tions contained 3 per cent of nitrogen,
6 per cent of phosphoric acid and 10
per cent of potash. The plant food ele-
ments in the home mixed fertilizer
were furnished In 150 pounds of nitrate
of soda, 112.5 pounds of sulnTmtp of

ammonia, 5G2.5 pounds of bone blaclv
and 300 pounds of muriate of potasli.
With the ready mixed fertilizer 279 1-3
bushels of large tubers and 60 bushels
of small tubers were obtained per acre,
and with the home mixed 272 bushels
of large tubers and 70 2-3 "m.^hels of
small tubers, the total yien's being
339 1-3 and 342 2-3 bushels pc}- cere re-
spectively. The results, so f ir as the
.vield is concerned, show but little dif-
ference, but the ready mixed fertilizer
cost $28.50 per acre, while the home
mixed application cost only $19.28, or
.$20.28 if $1 is allowed for mixing.

Experiments were also made in grow-
ing potatoes with and without barn-
yard manure. In some cases the ma-
nure was used alone at the rate of fif-
teen cords per acre, and in some others
It was applied with commercial fertili-
zers varying in quantity from 750 to
2,000 pounds per acre. In every in-
stance the use of barnyard manure, ei-
ther alone or with commercial fertili-
zers, resulted in increased yields, the
average for all tests being about 112
bushels per acre.

Where over 1,500 pounds of commer-
cial fertilizers were used the difference
in yield was not so great and the qual-
ity of the crop not so good. The value
of the manure is twofold, in that it
acts favorably upon the crop immetli-
ately following its application and also
improves the condition of the soil for
succeeding crops.

Keeps the Hens Warm nad Dry.

Our hens are put into winter quar-
ters with the first snowstorm, some-
tim is sooner, if the weather is bad.
They are left there until spring. We
find that if we let them out during the
winter after they have become accus-
tomed to their winter quarters it upsets
them. They will stop laying, and it
tal:e3 some time for them to settle
down to business again. The morning
feed consists of a mash, mixed very
dry, composed of cornmeal, wheat bran
and animal meal, also varied by cooked
vegetables. Feed it warm, not hot.
Give them what they will eat up clean
in five minutes; also give them fresh
water with the chill taken off. The
house is kept littered with chaff and
straw and renewed as often as it be-
comes damp.— Cor. Rural New Yorker.

Native Hay Grasses.

A considerable number of native
American grasses have shown them-
selves adapted to the regions where at
present hay grasses are wanting. It
Is believed by the bureau of plant in-
dustry that hay grasses can be found
on the western plains where the aver-
age annual rainfall does not exceed
fifteen inches.

As an absorbent or preservative for
hen manure sprinkle the dropping
board in the poultry house from time
to time with gypsum (land plaster).

i6

THE NEW ENGLAND TOBACCO GROWER

Hearing in WasKington

IN WRshington, January 25, the Ways and Means Com-
mittee gave an extemled heaiing to the tobacco interests
in opposition to the Curtis bill, reducing the duties on
Philippine tobacco and sugar. Those present included
President A. Bijui of the National Cigai Leaf Tobacco
Association, H. S. Frye, president of the New England To-
bacco Growers' Association, andjJWilliam Andioss. Repre-
sentalive Driscoll, of New York, was present in behalf of
the tobacco growers of his district. Mr. Frye opened vhe
hearing with a strong appeal on behalf of the grower, say-
ing in closing:

"Having a natural fondness for being fair and square,
and wishing to be reasonably fair and just in this matter, I
had personally acquiesced in the compromise proposition of
fifty per cent, of the Dingley rates; but now. this question
having been reopened, I 'stand pat' for the resolution of
the New England Tobacco Growers' Association, adopted
January 10, 1905, and in the name of the New England to-
bacco farmers I protest against any further reduction at
all in the duties hereon Philippine tobacco and cigars. "

President Bijur addressed the committee at length speak-
ing for the combined tobacco interests of the country.

Ezra Herr, of Lancaster. Pa., representing the growers
of that section, followed with an appeal to the committee
not to repudiate the protective principles of the Republican
party.

George W. Perkins addressed himself to the subject from
the standpoint of the cigarmaker. He gave a brief out-line
of the history of the development of the cigar industry in
the United States under protection, and compared the con-
dition of the operatives in the industry in the United
States with that of those in the Philippines.

After the hearing, the members of the committee took
.occasion to express their personal views with regard to the
proposed legislation, indicating that the committee will
report a bill fixing a compromise rate of fifty per cent, of
the Dingley duties.

(^-

■^

"It completely meets the needs of the crop,"

is the comment of one of our customers

♦ concerning our ♦

BowKer's

Complete Alkaline

Tobacco Grower,

J and he continues "/ consider this brand f
I an excellent one for growing a fine leaf."
I We think so, too.

♦

I BOWRBR

FERTILIZER. CO.,
220 State St.,

♦

I

HARTFORD, CONN,

6-

.^

R^ussian Ways

Cigarettes Preferred to Cigars or Pipes in the
Czar's Cotxntry

RUSSIA uses cigarettes and not
cigars or pipes. The story that
Russians ui?e the largest and finest
Havanas is a traveler's yarn. Such
cigars are used by a few of the
wealthier classes, but the number is
insignificant compared with those con-
sumed in (ireat Britain, the United
States and Germany. Even of the so-
called Havaniis used in Russia, only
one-third are of clear leaf and two-
thirds are blends made in Germany or
copied after German originals.

Pipes are few and far between. Most
of the pipe smokers are Germans or
Finns, or people living on the German
border. Neither mojik nor boyar cares
for meerschaum, briar or day.

Of cigarettes, Russia uses more than
any other civilized land. Istomin es-
timates their annual consumption at
7,000,000,000; Baedecker at 10,000,-
000,000, practically twice as much as
that in this country.

The manufacture of cigarettes is
along somewhat different lines from
tboae in this country. There are
many more establishments and a much
larger variety in the quality and kind

of leaf. Of the tobaccos employed
most come from southern Russia. The
best domestic varieties are grown in
the Crimea and the Caucasus. The
Russian leaf belongs to the same class
as the Turkish .ind Greek. It is small,
aromatic and yellow to brown in color.

When cut up it is nearer to white
Burley in color rather than to Viiginia
blight. Besides using its own leaf.
Russia imports Turkish, Greek, Syrian
and Persian leaf. Nearly all tobaccos
are blended, and the number of blends
is legion. Every factory has its stan-
dard blends, and in addition to this
makes cigarettos to order from any
blend a retailer ,jr customer may desire.
Most of the bH'nds are stronger and
more aromatic than those used in
Turkish, Greek and Egyptian cigar-
ettes, and may be compared with
American goods whose hllings are half
Turkish and half Virginia.

At one time the Russian cigarettes
were all hand-made, but of late years
hand worfc has l)een largely superseded
by cigarette machines, those of Ger-
man and Fieuch make being the
favorites.

ONE PER CENT

United States Consul-General Stein-
hart reports to Washington from
Havana:

"When full returns of imports into
Cu\ia come in it will appear that the
imports from January 1 to June 30,
1904, exceed those of the same period
of the year 1903 by $7,000,000; of
which the United States furnished over
$3,000,000, or about 43 per cent, an
increase of a little over 1 per cent.,
which may be due to the reciprocity
treaty existing between the two
countries or to the general increase in
imports due to the prosperity of the
country."

Leslie W. Newberry

Richard J. Goodman

Newberry & Goodman

Law Offices

First National Bank Building

so STATE STREET

HARTFORD, CONN

HEJtDQUJtRTERS FOR

TOBHGGO mSURRHGE

F. F. SMALL & CO.

9S Peart St., HJIRTFORD, COiVAf.
14 Fort St., SPRUfGFIELD. M.ASS.