Vol. III.
]\i\y, 19O5
An ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY REVIEW showing the PROGRESS AND POSSIBILITIES of the DOMINION OF CANADA and of NEWFOUNDLAND.
Board of Itoide Building, MONTRBAI/, CANADA.
TEN CENTS A COPY ON£ DO1/LAF AYEAR
RESOURCES
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Grand Trunk Ry. System |
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" INTERNATIONAL One of the Fastest Long Dis- tance Trains in the World, «.» running through the largest ^OHllT and most prosperous towns and cities of Canada and the States of Michigan, Indiana /"*!_ • and Illinois i/lUCftj Runs Every Day N |
, LIMITED " — LEAVES — eal 9.00a.m. — ARRIVES — >o 7.42 a.m. EXT MORNING Solid wide Vestibule Train with elegant First-class Coaches, Pullman Sleep- ing Cars MONTREAL to CHICAGO. Grand Trunk Standard Cafe-Parlor Car, serving meals and refreshments a la Carte MONTREAL to DETROIT, NIAGARA FALLS and BUFFALO. |
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Lve. MONTREAL (Bonaventure) - 9.00 a.m. Arr. Cornwall 0.20 ' Prescott 1.14 " Brockville 1.3° " Thousands Islands Jet 2.08 pu. " Kingston - - - 2.46 ' Napanee 1-08 1 Belleville i-37 ' Cobourg - 2-35 ' Port Hope 2.45 ' TORONTO - 4-3° ' HAMILTON - 5.30 |
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Arr. St. Catharines 9.30 p n. " Niagara Falls, N.Y. - 9.55 • BUFFALO. N.Y. - - - 11.15 |
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Arr. Woodstock - 7.00 p 11. " London - 7-43 " Chatham 9.19 '• Windsor (F,ast. Time) 10.20 " DETROIT (Cent. Time) 9.45 " Durand - 11.55 " Lansing - - 12.56 a.m. " CHICAGO - - - 7-42 " |
Lake Ontario in view for more than 100 miles of the journey. Fast time. Po- lite employees. Grand Scenery and unexcelled equipment. G. T. BELL, r, Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agent, MONTREAL. H. G. ELLIOTT, ,en. Pass. & Ticket Agent, MONTREAL. 4 |
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CHAS. M. HAYS, W. E. DAVIS Second Vice-Pres. & Gen. Mgr, Pass. Traffic Mg MONTREAL. MONTREAL. GEO. W. VAUX, Asst. Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agent, Asst. C CHICAGO. |
EST. 1858
Edwardsburg Starch Co.
LIMITED
CARDINAL, ONTARIO
-MANUFACTURERS OF-
Ben son's Prepared Corn Starch
Edwardsburgh Silver Gloss Starch Crown Brand Sryup
GLUCOSE— GRAPE SUGAR— GLUTEN MEAL and FEED— CORN OIL
MftPLE
LEAF ROUTE
CHICAGO GREAT ASTERN
RAILWAY
r3etvveeix,Crvicsa.gro, St.Pcvvil, -M.irvrvea.poUs Ka.rvsak.s City - survd. Oixx.ia.rvak..
J. P. El never*.
' GENERAL PASSENGER AGENT, CHICAGO, I'LL.
Intercolonial Railway
COMMENCING JUNE 4th, 19O5,
Ocean Limited
WILL LEAVE DAILY EXCEPT SATURDAY
MONTREAL - 19.30
ARRIVE DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY
ST. JOHN - - 17.15 HALIFAX - - 20.15
Only One Night on the Road between
WESTERN ONTARIO
^ — and
St. John, Halifax, Etc.
Saving Hours of Time
Through Sleeping Cars between Montreal, St. John and Halifax. <| Dining Car Service Unexcelled.
DAYLIGHT VIEWS
OF THE
M ETA FED I A AND WENTWORTH VALLEYS
DIRECT CONNECTION
WITH
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Write for time-tables, fares, etc., to
GENERAL PASSENGER DEPARTMENT,
MONCTON, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA
In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
RESOURCES
Chief Agents in Canada for
ALLIANCE MAR. & GEN. ASSURANCE CO. BRITISH & FOREIGN MARINE INS. CO. GENERAL MARINE INS. CO. MARITIME INSURANCE COMPANY RELIANCE MARINE INSURANCE CO. ROYAI, EXCHANGE ASSURANCE (Marine) ST. PAUL FIRE & MARINE INS. CO. SEA INSURANCE CO. THAMES & MERSEY MARINE INS. CO.
MANAGING AGENTS OK
THE PROFITS & INCOME INSURANCE CO-
LIMITED, LONDON
The only Company specially devoted to the in- surance of consequential loss
DALE: ®. COMPANY
Marine and Fire Underwriters Underwriting Members of Lloyds
Unlimited facilities for insuring Inland and Ocean Marine Hulls, Freights, Cargoes and Registered Mail
Certificates payable in any part of the world
Coristine Building Montreal
•A CORNER IN SMOKING ROOM OF SS. "TUNISIAN.1
Allan Line
ROYAL MAIL STEAMERS
Montreal to Liverpool
NKW FAST TRIPLE SCREW TURBINE STEAMERS
" VICTORIAN " AND " VIRGINIAN " u.oooTon.
T W I N - S C R E W S T E A M K K S
" TUNISIAN," ,,,..,75 ^s " BAVARIAN," ,,,^ ToM " IONIAN," 9,occ Tons " PARISIAN," Sl3S5 TOM A7-.Y,v •/„•/ A' ;/ •/•:/•: KL r SAILI.\(;S
I ' ii surpassed Accommodation Moderate ]\atcs.
Apply to H. & A. ALLAN,
MONTREAL
Canada Atlantic Ry.
" I "HE numerous Mill Sites, Water Powers, vast Timber and Min- eral Lands adjacent to this Railroad, afford desirable locations for Wood Working Factories, Flour Mills and manufacturing enterprises of every description. Liberal encouragement will be given manufacturers, and cor- respondence is invited.
E. R. BREMNER,
Assl. Gen. Freight Agent
W. P. HINTON,
Ceil. Freight Agent
OTTAWA, ONI.
Quebec ® Lake St. John
Railway
Excellent Land for Sale by Gov- ernment in LaKe St. John Valley at nominal prices
New settlers, their families and n limited quantity of effects will he transported by the Rnilway free. Special ad- vantages offered to parties estahlishinj? mills and other industries.
This Railway runs through 200 miles of the finest spruce forests in America, through a country abounding in water-powers, and of easy access to steam- ship docks at Quebec. An ideal location for the pulp industry. *
For information address the Offices of the Company, Quebec, Quo.
In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES.
RESOURCES
Natural Gas
AT
Medicine Hat
NortH-West Territories
MEDICINE. HAT, in the centre of the Canadian North-West, is a natural gas city. Gas can be found at depths varying from 600 to i,ooo feet. The town owns the gas system and sells gas to over 400 customers at seventeen and one-half cents per thousand. On January 24th the Canadian Pacific Railway struck an immense gas flow at Medicine Hat. The pressure on the main town well has shown over 625 pounds, and in the C. P. R. well a similar pressure. The field from which the gas is drawn has been proved for 90 miles east and west, and 30 miles north and south.
Important to Manufacturers. — The Town Council of Medi- cine Hat has adopted the following manufacturers' rate for gas : " On a gas con- sumption exceeding 100,000 feet per month — first 100,000 feet at present schedule rates; second 100,000 feet at I2j^c per i.ooo feet; third 100,000 feet at loc per i ,000. To manufacturers investing $20,000 or more in Medicine Hat, and em- ploying ten or more men, and using beyond 300,000 feet per month, a manufac- turers' rate of five cents per thousand." The object of this rate is to encourage the location of manufacturing industries at Medicine Hat. A gas well 1,000 feet deep, with a daily flow of over one million feet of natural gas, piped with 4}i inch casing, can be put down for between $4,500 and $5,000. There are openings at Medicine Hat for a meat canning factory, an abattoir and cold stor- age plant, woollen mills, knitting factories, common brick and red pressed brick plants, sandstone quarries, developing cement and clay deposits. The rapid de- velopment of the Canadian North-West makes a good market for many lines of manufactured products. Medicine Hat is the proper location for manufacturers.
Information. — Anyone desiring further information about Medicine Hat can get it by addressing FRED. G. FOR.STER., Mayor.
Home of the Greatest Annual
Pure-bred Cattle Sale in
the World.
The Calg'ary District
LEADS WESTERN CANADA IN GRAIN YIELD . . .
'"TpHE Calgary District offers Agricultural and Industrial opportunities to -*- those with a small capital. Cheap lands, good water, an unequalled climate and the best educational and social facilities.
Official Crop Statistics in bushels, compiled by the Territorial Department of Agricul- ture. Period, 1898 to 1903,
Wheat. Oats. Barley.
Whole Territories (Alberta, Assiniboia and Saskatche- wan) yield per acre for past six years 19.42 34.32 25.36 Central Alberta — Yield per acre for same'period - 21.60 3§-93 28.04
Detailed information may be 'obtained by applying to
THE CITY CI,ERK, Or to THE SECRETARY,
BOARD OF TRADE,
CALGARY
ALBERTA
TMPROVED AND UNIMPROVED
FARM LANDS AND RANCHES
in Calgary district and all parts of Alberta.
ACRE RANCH, with 700 head 3'^ ' of stock. Fully equipped. Cal- gary district. Price, $30,000 for quick sale. Terms upon application.
LANDS
-IN-
Sunny Alberta
The Alberta Investment Co.
Limited
T. J. S. SKINNER, MANAGER
Armstrong Block, Calgary, Alberta
*
PRIVATE BANKERS LOANS REAL
INSURANCE ESTATE
PRAIRIE LAND
wild some timber. Where ean yiti get It exeept In Cnmida 1 Best fur grnln and eattle. Good ellmate. Klii- families In 1902, 800 families In lilui. Writ* ii* for map and description. Some botneNtends lefl. Join Spring Exenrslon. Cheap land on ten years time.
Scandinavian Canadian I.;. ml Co.,
178 Washington Street, . . CHICAGO, ILL.
In writing advertisers please~mention RESOURCES
-pOR SALE— ONE AND ONE-QUARTER sections of land, fenced, 12 miles from Cal- gary ; seven-room house, good ranch buildings, running water, convenient to church, school and P.O. Apply G.O.K., "RESOURCES," Montreal.
RESOURCES
1O,OOO Acres
of specially selected land for sale in the famous QUILL PLAINS, at an excep- tionally low price and pn easy terms. This land was picked out over three years ago by Manitoba farmers, who had the choice of 250,000 acres, and is guaranteed to be absolutely first-class. For price and terms apply at once to
J. A. MAGEE, - - - YORKTON, Assa.
/?=•
THIS IS A FARM SCKNK AT RKGINA AIIJACKNT To Ol'R LAND
MacMillan (& Vollans
Winnipeg, Canada
RKAl, KSTATK AND FINANCIAL AGHNTS 40 MERCHANTS BANK Hl'II.DINC,
Farmers, Attention
Regina District — 4 >2-sections, in parcels to suit, 7 miles from Regina. All within three miles of siding and settled district. Ai land. Price, $15 per acre.
Moosejaw District— 3 Sections 15 miles from the railway, in settled district. Railway to he built through this district. Price, $8.50 per acre.
CraiK — 6 Sections, 12 miles from railway, $7.00 per acre. Also land for sale in 10,000 acre selected tracts. Prices from if 5. 50 per acre up.
We have also numerous parcels for sale all through the West. Improved farms and homes to suit the most exacting. We are the headquarters for Winnipeg City property. Correspondence invited. Make our office your headquarters when in the city. Reference — Union Bank of Canada.
Improved Farms and Ranching Lands
This land is in the famous Quill Plains. A rich black loam of a depth of two feet, with a clay sub-soil. Water is found at a depth of from ten to twenty feet. The luxuriant grass and pea
vine growing 011 these prairies makes this district a paradise for stock. The Canadian Northern Railway, now in operation, passes through these lands. Within the past year no fewer than fourteen towns have sprung up in this district of Saskatchewan.
125,000 Acres
10,000 Acres
In the District of CARMAN, the garden of Manitoba. This com- prises some of the choicest agricultural lands in this famous farm- ing district. Moderate prices. Kasy terms. I,ow interest.
have some splendid farm lands in Manitoba, in the farnoiis Carman district, the ''Garden Spot of Manitoba," and within thirty miles of the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba.
An improved farm of 960 acres, between two lines of railway, 30 miles
960 Acres
business. This is a firsT-class opportunity for a man with a little capital. For particulars address
from Winnipeg. 15,000 bushels of splendid wheat, in addition to the other grains, were taken off this farrn last year. Owner is retiring from
C. W. N. KENNEDY
Financial and Real Eitatc Broher
361 MAIN STREET
WINNIPEG, MAN., CANADA.
I buy and sell lands all over Western Canada.
Reference— Imperial Bank of Canada, Winnipeg.
Manitoba Wheat Lands
WE have a number of improved farms for sale at from $15.00 to $25.00 per acre.
ALSO
Wild Lands at from $7.50 upwards in good districts. Write
Nares, Robinson ® Black
381 Main Street WINNIPEG, MAN.
G. T. MARSH
LAND, LOAN, INSURANCE
and GENERAL AGENT
REGINA, N.W.T.
CANADA
In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
RESOURCES
Western Canada
Offers Great Advantages
CANADA'S OPEN DOOR
LANDS OPENING UP
WESTERN CANADA'S WHEAT SPEAKS
Free Homesteads
Bountiful Harvests
Stream of Settlers
Good Railway Facilities
Vast Herds
Are You Looking for a Home ?
Canada offers 160 Acres free
Western Canada possesses the last Free Grant Land to be had on the North American Continent
CANADA will have in the summer of 1905 neatly font times as many acres under wheat as there will be in the whole of Great Britain. — Commissioner of Immi- gration, Winnipeg.
THERE is room in Western Canada for all the people that can be sent from the British Isles to grow wheat to feed the British people.
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Prostipritv Follows Settl |
emi av< kill |
pnt in Wpstprn Canada ' |
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More Than Half a Million rl There are Vast A™»a« * |
? Started their Homes There ! Waiting to HP TillpH | |
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LETTERS pour in from contented settlers, from some of which the following extracts are made : — " From the first we had faith in the country and in eventual success, and we have not been disappointed. Two members of our family are fanning on their own account, and both doing well. Two younger sons are farming together. We own sixty head of horses, seventy-five head of cattle and sixty-eight pigs. We had two hundred acres under crop last year, and hope this year to have nearly two hundred more. We are well equipped with all necessary farming implements. We have good railway accommodation, and elevators and markets for our produce. We have an excellent school situated in the centre of the township, also a post office within a mile and a half. We have been able to bring out and settle six English families all within a few miles of us, and we may say ' Still there is room to follow.' We can safely recommend Western Canada to any man with ' Push, Tact and Principle.' Such can soon surround themselves with not only the comforts of life but more." |
RICH REWARDS for INDUSTRIOUS FARMERS PLENTY OF ROOM " To breathe the wind on the ranges, the scent of the upturned sod." Manitoba alone has an area of 47,188,480 acres. For farming purposes 25,000,000 are available. T^VEN this is but a fraction — 600 miles from north to south and -L-/ twice that distance from east to west within the limits of Manitoba, and in the adjoining Western Provinces is an area of 372,112 square miles, of which 135,000,000 acres are good farm land, and of this less than 3,500.000 is as yet under cultivation. A tract of fertile country more than three times greater than the total area of the British Isles. |
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the luxuriant growth is a proof of this. We have grown vegetables this year that I have not seen equalled in England." Still another says, " It has not cost me a cent for fuel of any kind. I have plenty of firewood on my place, plenty of fencing and building material, and coal a few miles away by paying a few cents foi a permit to mine it myself." |
Information and advice can be freely obtained from the fol- lowing : W. W. CORY, Deputy Minister of the Interior, Ottawa, Canada ; W. D. SCOTT, Superintendent of Immigration, Ottawa, Canada ; W. T. R. PRESTON, Commissioner of Immigration, i r and 12 Charing Cross, London, England. |
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In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
RESOURCES
A FOREST AND UlYlvlt .SLl-.Mi IN Ol'KI'.l-X
Timber Lands
OK THK PROVINCE COVKR OVER
225,000 Square Miles
Limits to l>e offered at auction in 1906. Location and areas to be hail on application. The atten- tion of I'aper Manufacturers and Wood Workers is called to the facilities for manufacturing to be had in the province.
Water Powers
FOR SALE
Forty-three powers have been surveyed during the last two years. Power available ranges from 500 to 100,000 horse-power. Send for maps and other par- ticulars.
Fish and Game
SALMON MOOSE
TROUT CARIBOU
OUANANICHE DEER MASKINONGE ETC.
Hunting territories (not over 400 square miles to one person) can be secured at from Jl.oo per square mile a year. For location of hunting and fish-' ing districts apply to this depart- ment.
Province of Quebec
'"T^HK Province of Quebec is, above all, an agricultural country, a country for colonization, and is particularly well favored with forests, mountains, lakes, rivers, splendid waterfalls, innumerable water-powers, fertile islands and rich pastures. The soil of the Pro- vince, and, in particular, that of the great colonization centres which have yet to be opened up and peopled with hardy settlers, is of superior quality and eminently adapted for cultivation of all kinds. The forests, which stretch endlessly in all directions, and contain the most valuable woods, have'been for years the object of constant and active operations. The rivers and lakes, which have long remained unknown, now attract hundreds of sportsmen from all parts of America, who find both pleas- ure and profit in fishing for salmon, ouananiche, trout, pike, etc.
HARVEST SCENE ON TUB FARM OF J. H. IU'DON AT ST. JEROME
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION APPLY TO
HON. A. TURGEON,
Minister of Lands, Mines and Fisheries Parliament Buildings, Quebec, Can,
Crown Lands
FOR SKTTLKMKXT
OVKR 7,000,000 ACRKS HAVE
BEEN SURVEYED AND
DIVIDED INTO
FARMS
PRICK FROM 20 CKNTS TO .40 CKNTS PKR ACRK
ACCORDING TO DISTRICT
"For further iiiforination apply to this Department.
Minerals
The attention of Miners and Cap- italists in the United States and Europe is invited to the mineral territory open for investment in the province.
GOLD
SILVER
COPPER
IRON
ASBESTOS
MICA
PLUMBAGO CHROMIC IRON
GALENA, Etc.
Ornamental and structural ma- terials in abundant variety. The Mining Law gives absolute secu- rity of title, and has been speci- ally framed for the encourage- ment of mining.
When writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
LOADING LUMBER ON TH K RIVER MIRA.MICHI, AT NEWCASTLE, NEW BRUNSWICK
NEW BRUNSWICK HAS AN AREA OF 17,653,000 ACRES, OF WHICH ABOUT 4,300,OOO ARE OCCUPIED. OF THF, OCCUPIED LAND, I,- 900,000 ACRES ARE UNDER CROP, ABOUT 7OO,OOO IN PASTURE, 2,6oo,- 000 WOODLAND AND FOREST, AND OVER 9,000 ACRES IN ORCHARDS AND GARDENS. MUCH OF THE LAND IS RICH AND FERTILE, AND WHEN WELL CULTIVATED YIELDS GOOD CROPS OF GRAIN.
PROFESSOR JOHNSTON, F.R.S., OF ENGLAND, CAREFULLY EXAM- INED INTO THE CAPABILITIES OF THE SOIL OF NEW BRUNSWICK, AND REPORTED : " 1ST. THE SOIL OF NEW BRUNSWICK IS CAPABLE OF PRO- DUCING FOOD FOR A POPULATION OF FIVE OR SIX MILLIONS. 2ND. IN THE CAPABILITY OF GROWING ALL THE COMMON CROPS ON WHICH MAN AND BEAST DEPEND, THE WHOLE PROVINCE, TAKEN TOGETHER, EX- CEEDS THE MOST FAVORED PARTS OF NEW YORK STATE. 3RD. THE CLIMATE IS AN EXCEEDINGLY HEALTHY ONE, AND IT DOES NOT PRE- VENT THE SOIL FROM PRODUCING CROPS WHICH, OTHER THINGS BEING EQUAL, ARE NOT INFERIOR IN QUALITY OR QUANTITY TO THOSE OF AVERAGE SOILS IN ENGLAND."
RESOURCES
DEVELOPED AND UNDEVELOPED OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
Vol. III.
MONTREAL, CANADA, JULY, 19O5
No. 7
TOWN OK MARVSVILLK, NEW BRUNSWICK A LUMBER DRIVE ON THK ST. JOHN RIVER
New BrvinswicK's Harvest
I
N the West a " crop" means wheat ; in New Bruns- wick it is called a " cut," and means lumber. The one sown annually, and the other from Nature's own planting, they are in every respect unlike ex- cept that they both come from the soil. But they both serve to illustrate our national resources, and both are adding year by year to the nation's wealth. Of all the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick is, perhaps, the most peculiarly adapted to the lumber industry, and for three reasons. The soil throughout the province is natu- rally rich, and, therefore, favorable to the growth of trees. How large an extent of the total area is good land may be gathered from the Government estimate that 13,000,000 acres, out of the 18,000,000 acres which the province contains, are suitable for cultivation. Forest land is potentially agricultural land, and the only soils in New Brunswick absolutely useless are the blueberry barrens in the north and east. But though large tracts have been put under cultivation, the natural product of New Brunswick soil
is the spruce. It grows almost as a weed, covering hillsides and waysides, and a pasture left without attention for a few years will come up in spruce and fir, eventually resuming its original forest appearance. That is the reason, then, why immense tracts of forest land, still primeval, are covered with the finest timber. " Once cut, forever cut," does not apply in New Brunswick, for spruce, its staple product, renews itself more quickly and freely than anywhere else in Canada.
Acres of trees, however, are of small practical value if not accessible, and here is New Brunswick's second peculiar advan- tage, that its timber limits are crossed and re-crossed by a mag- nificent system of rivers and lumber streams. Three great rivers and their tributaries open up the entire country from its heart to its northern, western and southern shores. These are the Resti- gouche, Miramichi and St. John rivers, each with a large num- ber of smaller streams branching like a giant network from either side. Nature could not have provided a better system of arteries by which to move out the forest crops. The streams are remark-
8
RESOURCES
ably clear from rapids or rocks, and whereas in Nova Scotia, the neighboring province, many of the lumber streams have been made navigable only by heavy expense of dynamiting and dam- ming, such measures have in only a few cases been necessary in New Brunswick. Up these rivers the lumber- men have gone, year after year, annually ex- tending their operations into the heart of the country, cutting mil- lions of first-growth spruce, and at the end of the season floating it down to the mills. Logs are now being rafted a distance of 130 miles from the headwaters of the timber country, though also from much shorter distances.
A third advantage lies in the facilities for shipping. The three riv- er systems have their termini respectively on
the BaydeChaleur, Gulf of St. Lawrence and Bay of Fundy, and at all three points are unexcelled deep-water ports, where ships of any size may load direct from the mill-wharves or from lighters. Both sailing ships and steam-freighters come to these ports and load for the markets of Kurope and South America, St. John especially drawing a variety of craft. Facilities of this kind, obviating the necessity of long land hauls, are invaluable.
These three natural conditions are the main reasons why New Brunswick is so well adapted to the lumber industry. Though other provinces, notably Ontario, surpass it in the gross amount of lumber produced, none equal it in natural advantages, and probably there is not a country of the same size in America that has made better use of its resources and facilities.
The industry is worth to this eastern province about £7,000,-
I.OADING WMBKR IN ST. JOHN HARBOR, NEW BRUNSWICK
ooo a year. The greater part of this represents the cut of black spruce, which amounts to nearly 500,000,000 feet. Spruce is more used for all domestic purposes than any other wood, and New Brunswick has some of the finest in the world. There are
great hardwood forests, too, but spruce is king. In most cases it is manu- factured near the sea- board, the method of taking portable mills into the woods not being fol- lowed. The average New Brunswick lumber mill is up-to-date. Many of them have been operat- ing at the same place for twenty-five years or more, but they have kept pace with modern im- provements and compare to-day with the famous establishments of the Ot- tawa. The rotary saw has been abandoned as too wasteful, and in its place are used the gang- saws, which, converting a single log into three inch deals in about one minute, will cut from 60,000 to 80,000 feet a day. The slabs and edgings are passed on to the lath machines, and thus practically only the sawdust is waste. The greater num- ber of the mills are on the St. John and Miramichi rivers, where whole villages and towns have come into being as a result of the lumber trade. An instance of this is Marysville, near Fred- ericton, a manufacturing town, which has grown up around the mills of Mr. Alexander Gibson, the builder of the Canada Eastern Railway. Newcastle and Chatham, on the Miramichi, are both lumber towns, and, with several smaller towns in the same county, control nearly one fourth of the lumber trade of the whole pro- vince. Chatham has the credit of the first steam sawmill ever built in Canada.
BOIESTOWN, A' LUMBERING VILLAGE ON THE MIRAMICHI, NEW BRUNSWICK
RESOURCES
Cutting into Nature's resources so extensively, year after year, the New Brunswick lumbermen face the question of ex- haif ting the supply. Thickly stocked as they are, the forests must in time become depleted by continual cutting, and the per- manency of the industry would therefore seem to be at stake, as elsewhere in Canada. But in New Brunswick, where the spruce grows so readily and profusely, a second crop is ready for cutting in ten years' time. It will not be quite as good as the first, but a few additional years will give it size and quality equal to the original. Second and third growths are now being cut on some of the timber limits ; they yield slightly smaller logs than those cut in the earlier days of the industry, but only because sufficient time has not been allowed since the previous cutting. The fact that the forest reproduces itself practically ensures an inexhausti- ble supply, though concerning this there is some conflict of opinion among the lumbermen. In any case, there is still enough of the virgin forest to ensure an abundant supply for many years to come.
Legitimate industry is not, however, a waste. More than would be cut to useful purpose in many years may go in fire in a few hours. New Brunswick's great fire of 1825 has become his- toric as one of the greatest the world has ever known. From the headwaters of the Miramichi river it swept, during an unusually dry season, over 4,000 square miles, in a track one hundred miles wide. Settlements, farms and towns were devastated, with a loss of a million dollars worth of property and many lives, while the loss in the forests was incalculable. Thousands of acres of the finest spruce and hardwood were destroyed, and the country was swept into a blackened ruin. In time, however, it grew over again, and lumbering operations have since been going on over the same country whose great disaster is now a matter of history.
To guard against both a second dread visitation of this kind and the possible waste of timber by reckless operators, the Pro- vincial Government have taken wise measures of protection. Official fire rangers co-operate with those employed by the lumber companies, while the conservation of the timber supply is pro- vided for by a law regulating the si/.e of trees to be cut. All the forest lands are owned by the Government and leased on twenty- one year terms to the operators, at a stumpage rate of $1.25 per thousand superficial feet of lumber cut, and a further tax of $8.00 a square mile of territory. As the latter is payable whether the holding is operated or not, it is to the interest of the lessee-com- panies to, in mining terms, "work their claims," but lest they do so too entirely in their own interests, the Gov- ernment permits them only to cut trees that measure nine inches or more around the top at sixteen feet from the ground. This restriction, though difficult to enforce, has had a beneficial effect.
For a market, the New Brunswick lumber- men look chiefly to Europe. A large quantity of wood-stuff is, of course, used locally, but the great bulk of the output is for export, and goes across the ocean. England and France are the leading markets, but Spain, Italy, the north coast of Africa, and even Australia, furnish a good demand and prove very satisfactory markets. South America and the West Indies also take considerable quantities. The cargoes are almost invariably sent on order, the shipper having contracted at a definite price before he loads the vessel.
At present the market is down. Prices are ruling at from one-sixth to one-fifth below nor- mal, though slightly advanced during the past winter. This drop means a heavy shrinkage of profits, and such shipments as
have been made have been on contracts made before the fall. The low prices are chiefly due to a depression in Europe in some of the lumber-using trades. A falling-off in certain branches of wholesale business has lessened the demand for packing boxes,
A TYPICAL NK\V BRUNSWICK SAW MII.I,
in the manufacture of which a large amount of Canadian lumber is used. There is also a decline in shipbuilding.
These and other foreign conditions have for the present seri- ously affected the lumber business of New Brunswick, in common with other provinces, but the depression con only be temporary. The lumber industry is sound, one of Canada's best, and New Brunswick's share in it is both large and strongly established. In fact, even during the present slack, there is evidence of further progress in the revival of the pulp manufacturing industry on the Miramichi, one of the largest mills that has been closed for some time having recently resumed operations.
In addition, there are four other pulp mills of large capacity, two at Chatham, one at Mispic, near St. John, and one at St. John, as well :is several smaller mills. At Grand Falls a pulp mill is soon to be erected, which will have the largest output on the continent. The combined output is annually increasing in
TRAMP STKAMKK LOADING I.UMHKR FOR KI'ROPK
value, and the manufacture of pulp will soon become one of the province's most flourishing industries.
Our Point of View
THE most familiar headline in our newspapers these days is that which tells of the record rush of immigrants into the Dominion. In Montreal here the shipping companies have given out figures showing that never in the history of the St. Lawrence have so many second and third class passengers been brought from across the ocean. In the last week of April nearly 10,000 came up the St. Lawrence. This was thought to be the record figure, but in the eight days following no less than 12,000 settlers were received. Most of these immigrants were English-speaking, and by common consent of the shipping officials no finer body of settlers ever came here. During May and June the incoming stream has been steadily kept up. This is the satisfactory state of affairs on our Eastern coast.
FROM across the international boundary to the South come tidings of a similar rush of settlers into our great West. We have before us columns of extracts from various newspapers published in the Western States of America, and also in Western Canada, telling of an unprecedented migration of people from the South to the North of this great continent. In one of them an official of a leading railway in the Western and Central American States, estimates that not less than 50,000 citizens of the United States will transfer themselves, their capital, in many cases their personal effects, and their allegiance under the Union Jack which floats in the clear, dry air of our Western lands. The reason im- pelling these shrewd Americans to cross the border is well known here. These men can sell their farms and get over in Western Canada better lands than those they have left behind for one- tenth the money realized, and they can buy adjacent lots for their sons and still have a substantial balance over on the transaction. In train loads they are leaving St. Paul, many of them well-to-do farmers, with bank accounts of from $15,000 to $20,000. An interesting feature of their emigration is the long freight train containing their goods and chattels.
THIS exodus of thrifty, intelligent American farmers into Canada is not pleasing to the authorities at Washington. They see the great power which shares with them the Northern half of the New World, growing in numbers and wealth by the secession of thousands of their most valuable citizens — the pick of their agricultural manhood which in all ages has been the mainstay of nations. But no counter advertising of Western American lands can now stem this tide. It is economically sound. We have the last good free lands in the present day civilized world, and the value of them has been noised abroad to the utter- most bounds of the earth. From all nations they now come to get their share of nature's greatest unclaimed agricultural reserve.
of value both to the Empire, to Britain and Canada. The in- crease in British emigration, which we pointed out last month to be the most striking point in the returns for the year, is also bene- ficial to the Empire as well as to us. At home there is no place in the economic system wherein these men can work out their salvation by the sweat of their brow — they are the overflow from a congested labor market. Here every able-bodied, clean-minded man is of value to the community — he is wanted to help to get from that first source of all wealth — the earth — the riches stored up here by Nature in her most bountiful mood. Here in Canada these men save themselves by labor, they are welcome additions to her population, and, most important point, they are not lost to the Empire. Here their right arm is as ready and as handy to fight for the Union Jack as it was in good old London town, and here the fruit of their labor goes to increase the wealth, not of a foreign state, but of a nation where loyalty to the British rule is as true as that of the heart of the Empire. And, lastly, the attention which the resources of Canada are beginning to re- ceive from British capitalists is a welcome sight. We have the natural wealth, Britain has the gold accumulated by decades of successful trade with which to pay for labor to extract it. The combination of the two promises a rich reward not only for the individuals who engage in it, but for the Empire.
SEVERAL times during the past year we have drawn attention in these columns to the great possibilities for an increase of Canadian trade with the Orient. Tre rapidity and thoroughness with which Japan has adopted the civilization of the Western world is the subject to-day of countless books and articles. The changes she has made in her political, military and naval systems have naturally attracted the greatest attention from foreign obser- vers, but not less interesting and scarcely less important to us as a neighboring industrial power is the gradual introduction of the social and domestic habits of Europe. To the sorrow of the artist, the beautiful native costume is being laid aside for the un- lovely habiliments in which we twentieth century products of civilization clothe ourselves. And with change of dress comes change of food. Already European dishes are eaten in the houses of the most enlightened Japanese. In particular has white bread supplanted rice as the common food in the homes of hundreds of the citizens of Tokio and other leading cities. The increase in the import of flour into Japan has been relatively enormous during the last ten years. In 1895 only $203,000 of flour went into Japan. In 1898 the figure had increased to over one million dol- lars ; in 1902 it was $1,639,000, and in 1904 no less than $4,81 2,- ooo. This increase is not to be attributed only to the change in the taste of the Japanese.
ON the destiny of Canada this increase of population by im- migration must have the most important effect. A small nation can scarcely be powerful in the modern world. This is the day of empires, and the "right" of the small state is of little avail against the "might" of armaments of the world- power. With twenty millions of people — a population we ought to have by 1950 — this land of ours would be no negligible quan- tity ITCH if we stood alone. But the features in this year's history of Canada which please us the most are those which show a closer touch between the old country and her greatest colony. The taking over of Halifax and Esquimault was a great Imperial act,
^ I ''HE question of the food supply in Japan is beginning to 1. engage attention there. In the report of the commercial agent at Yokohama (Mr. Alexander Maclean), dated May 6th, there is some interesting information on this point. From it we gather that the supply of home-grown rice is becoming inade- quate to feed the population. There are computed to be forty- seven millions of people in the islands of the Mikado to-day. In 1903 the yield of rice, which is, of course, the staple food of the people, was 46,000,000 koku (one koku being equal to about five bushels). The yield in this particular year was exceptionally good, being nearly 10,000,000 koku, or 50,000,000 bushels more than in the previous year. Yet, during this year, there was an
RESOURCES
import of more than $25,000,000 worth of foreign rice. During the same year Japanese rice was exported to the amount of $2,- 479,000, so that we may assume that the balance remaining over after deducting the last figures represents the amount Japan spent in buying food to fill the inadequacy of the domestic supply. If to this figure is added the $5,162,000 of flour imported in 1903, we get a very large sum which Japan must spend even to-day for her food supply. But, as Mr. Maclean points out, it is only when these figures are considered, together with the fact that the popu- lation of Japan is increasing at the annual rate of nearly half a million, that the seriousness of the problem facing the statesmen of Japan can be appreciated. " It is true," writes Mr. Maclean, " that efforts are being made to increase the yield of rice by ex- tension of the fields and by the introduction of agricultural im- plements, but it is evident that the production to be augmented by these means can hardly be at a rate to keep pace with the rapidly increasing pressure being put on Japan's food supply. Moreover, there is a marked tendency that Japan is gradually de- veloping into a manufacturing country, and although they may continue an agricultural country for many years to come, there is no doubt that she will more and more become dependent upon foreign countries for food supply." This fact presents an oppor- tunity for our millers which, it will readily be seen, is very great. To-day the consumption of flour in Japan, as compared with rice, is still insignificant, and much of what is imported is low grade flour made into macaroni and other paste foods. But the trend of taste is all in favor of bread, and this means that a better quality of flour will be imported.
ALREADY there is a small channel of trade between Canada and Japan which can easily be widened. The Canadian imports into Japan during 1904 amounted to $418,246, as com- pared with $249,392 for 1903, an increase of $168,854 — an increase of nearly 70 per cent. The four principal imports from the Do- minion into Japan were : Salted salmon, $139,459 ; flour, $106,- 204; canned food, $88,658, and lumber and timber, $57,202. We need not expatiate upon the chances for an extension on these items, particularly on flour and lumber. By geographical situation, and by reason of our agricultural wealth and timber resources, we have an unapproachable position from which to get hold of these branches of Japan's imports. Without wishing to enter into what we know is a very delicate question on the Pacific coast, we would express the hope that the national sentiment of Japan may not be estranged by any alien immigration laws which class their intelligent countrymen as no better than Chinamen. The Japanese are as acute commercially as they are politically, and they are quick to see business chances. Moreover, their commercial morality, once not by any means immaculate, is now on a par with their diplomatic reputation. As to their industrial future there can be no doubt. Even despite this war the}' are increasing their trade by leaps and bounds. Their export trade for March, 1905, showed an increase of $616,000 over the same month in 1904, whilst their imports totalled $26,072,000, or an increase of $8,928,000 over the same period last year. Whilst some part of this increase of imports is owing to the approach of a higher tariff, these figures represent better than much flowery writing the amazing virility and latent power of the Japanese.
LOG CABIN, HOTKI. FOR SPORTSMKN, AT SPRl'CK CRKKK, NEWFOUNDLAND
General Notes
THK mineral wealth of Canada is known to be enormous, yet up to the present it has scarcely been scratched. The oldest known formation of rocks — the Laureritian series — is fouud here in its fullest state of development. These and the Huronian rocks contain the chief metallic deposits of the world. From a point between the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence three lines may be drawn — one northward to Hudson's Bay, another east- wardly to Labrador and New- foundland, and the third north- westerly to the Arctic ocean the lie of these formations can rough- ly be seen. Mixed up in the great Laureutian area are wide zones of Huronian rocks, and it is at the points where these two formations come in contact that some of the richest mineral veins are found. As we have said, the mineral deposits of Canada have, as yet, been little more than scratched, but already two most valuable minerals have been found, of which Canada pos- sesses virtually a monopoly. The Sudbury (Ontario) nickel mines practically control the world's markets of this product, whilst of asbestos that is commercially profitable the Province of Que- bec has a complete monopoly. At Thetford and Black Lake, in the Eastern Townships, in a small area one mile wide and fifteen miles long, 95 per cent, of the world's production is turned out. Since the discovery of asbestos was made here some twenty years ago, three large villages, with a population of some fifteen thousand people, have sprung into existence, supported entirely by this mining industry. In 1904, $460,300 were paid in wages to 1,775 men in this district, from which 35,479 tons of 2,ooolbs. each were shipped, of the gross value of $1,186,795. It is a fact, curious and interesting even to the;non-geological, that the soft, silk-like asbestos should be found amongst the oldest known rocks in the world. There are fifteen companies mining, or, as it would seem to the non-technical observer, "quarrying" asbes- tos in this belt of serpentine rocks. To so many new uses has asbestos recently been put that great activity has been displayed in the asbestos mines during the last two years. The output of asbestos, which 25 years ago was only 300 tons, amounted in 1904 to about 40,000 tons, of which, as we have said above, more than 35,000 came from the mines in the Eastern Townships. It
is, of course, to its fire-resisting qualities that asbestos owes its commercial value. Its use was known even to the ancient Greeks, who made cloth of it in which to enwrap dead bodies placed on the funeral pile, so as to preserve the ashes of the body unmixed. At the present day it is widely used all over America and Europe in workshops where steam is the motive power. As packing for
SAMPLE OK ASBESTOS TAKKN FROM MINK AT BLACK I.AKE, QUEBEC LENGTH OK FIBRE AliOUT TK.N INCHES.
THE SAUBI.E RIVER, NEAR AILSA CRAIG ONE OK THE PRETTY SPOTS IN WESTERN ONTARIO
machinery it is "constructed in combination with other materials, such as metallic wire and rubber. As lining for stoves, ranges, furnaces, furnace doors, etc. , it enters into the domestic life of most of us. A modern development of its use is in fire-resisting paint, powder or paper, which is laid upon houses and other build- ings. When treated with these asbestic preparations wood smoul- ders and does not burst into flame. As curtains in theatres, as a non-conductor in electrical work, as tubing for covering tele- graph wires, its use is on the in- crease. The latest purpose to which it is being put is in hospi- tal work, where its non-absorbing properties make it invaluable in cases of infection. It is likely that the demand for asbestos will lead to more extensive mining in the near future. Already Ameri- can business men realizing the great commercial possibilities in this mineral, have bought them- selves into the valuable Canadian area where alone is it to be found in paying quality. Last year the American Asbestos Com- pany of Black Lake became the owners of King Bros, mine at Thetford, and the Syracuse Asbestos Company acquired control of the Reed mine on lots 27, 28, 29, range A, of Coleraine. It is said that an American interest of immense wealth is trying to get entire control of the Thetford and Black Lake properties. More capital is needed to work these mines economically and to the full, and if it is not soon forthcoming from Canadian or Brit- ish sources, the Americans will assuredly get a hold upon this valuable industry. There are valuable deposits of asbestos in Newfoundland, but so far they have been barely touched. Also
in the Lake Chibogomo district, north-west of the Lake St. John district in the Province of Que- bec, explored last year by Mr. J. Obalski, mining engineer and in- spector of mines of the Province of Quebec, veins of asbestos were proved to exist in a great de- velopment of serpentine rock over a distance of more than seven or eight miles. On Asbestos Island there, Mr. Obalski found asbestos, in his opinion, abund- ant enough to justify mining op- erations on the island, in length varying from one- half inch to two and one-half inches in a single thread. At one point he saw blocks of fibre as much as six inches long, but divided into sev- eral smaller veins. With the pre- sent demand both for crude as- bestos and for fibre there is undoubtedly an opening for capital investment in this industry.
IT is a significant fact that even the decision to build the Grand Trunk Pacific line has brought out facts about the probable
RESOURCES
route to be travelled which establish beyond doubt the agricultu- ral and mineral richness of these hitherto unknown tracts of our gigantic country. Of no part of the vast territory through which the National Transcontinental Railway will run is this truer than of the Peace River district. Hith- erto this has been regarded even by Western Canadians as "the great beyond." True, tales had been heard about wheat grown around Roman Catholic mission stations and Hudson's Bay posts, far away to the north of the line of furthest settlement, but they were like stories from a by- gone age to many who heard them, the actual, living truth of them was never realized. But when Parliament passed the Paci- fic Railway bill, a road through these Northern out lands became a certainty, then the actual eye- witness of residents and travel- lers from there became of dollar value to the prospective settler and investor. Many such have bten interviewed in the press
during the past tew months, and they all agree in telling of splen- did natural resources in these northern regions undreamed of even five years ago by the average Canadian. In one of the latest in- terviews '.vith a resident of this Peace River country — Mr. W. I'. Bredin — there are these passages descriptive of the kind of coun- try through which the new line will pass. " The Peace River is the most northern stream on the continent having its sources West of the Rockies. The country lying around it is well suited for settlement. There is big timber on the river west of the mountains. Last year there were many mining claims located near Mount Selwyn. At the confluence of the Parsnip and Fin- lay rivers there is a tract of very fine farming land. A few miles from St. John — east of the mountains — there are large areas of iron and bituminous coal. At Dun vegan, 120 miles be- low St. John, farming has been carried on for one hundred years, first by the North- West Co. and then by Hudson's Bay Co. Seventy- five miles south is the cele- brated Grand Prairie. It is a rolling, well- watered country, 75 miles north and south, and 25 miles east and west. Here have been established a Roman Catholic mission and two trading posts. Farming has been car- ried on successfully for five years, and there is a large cattle and horse ranch there. The aver- age feeding season for the last five winters has been six weeks each winter. The Chinook winds blow strongly over the prairie. The Grand Trunk Pacific will run through the prairie. Eighty
CAMERON'S POINT, OKANAGAN I.AKK, HKITI.SH COI.l'.MllIA
ON OKANAGAN LAKK, 11RIT1SH COLUMBIA
miles below Dunvegan is the Peace River Crossing settlement, where there are two flour mills, one circular saw mill, two shingle mills and one planing mill. There are a Church of England mission and a Roman Catholic mission. At this settlement wheat,
oats and barley have been raised for a great many years. There are 250 people in the settlement, and about 30 settlement claims. Eighty miles below Peace River Crossing settlement is Wolverine Point, an old half-breed settle- ment, where stock-raising and agriculture have been carried on with success for a number of years. There are also a Roman Catholic mission and a couple of trading posts there. Eighty miles below Wolverine Point is the old settlement of Vermillion. Here last Near there were 12,000 bush- els of wheat raised, as well as a large quantity of barley and oats. The Hudson's Bay Company ha.-, a 50- barrel roller mill, electrically lighted. This is in latitude 58 '-i. The Hudson's Bay Company has also a saw mill, planing mill and shingle mill run by steam."
SPEAKING of the Athabasca Valley, Mr. Bredin told of well- wooded lands, mixed farming areas, coal deposits and lakes abounding in white fish, lake trout and other varieties. A few miles west of Fort Smith is Salt River, along the banks of which salt springs exist, and from which the salt supply for the Great Slave Lake and Mackenzie River region is obtained. The salt is in springs, and forms natural evaporating pans, and all that one has to do is to shovel into a bag whatever he requires for con- sumption. It is one of the purest salts that can be obtained,
free from soda. Fort Smith is the most south- ern point to which the Inconu fish reach. This is a large silver-scale white salmon, which conies in from the Arc- tic, and which is not found in any other waters in the world, hence the name "unknown." Two hundred miles below this is Great Slave Lake, which, when surveyed, may be found to be as large as Lake Superior. All the country between Edmonton and the Mac- kenzie River is under- laid with fuel oil, the same oil as that found in Southern California and Texas. The by-product of it is asphalt, which will be so cheap that all the towns on the different transcontinental railways can be paved very cheaply. The fish wealth of the Mackenzie River basin, which, of course, includes the Athabaska, Peace River,
RESOURCES
Liard River, is probably greater than all the rest of the world put together. North of Edmonton, and situated in the new province of Alberta, lying alongside the Rockies, is a strip of country 350 miles long and 150 miles wide, underlaid with coal. These few facts about an immense country still practically unknown, a few miles back from beaten paths and water routes, will give some
idea of the natural resources which the Grand Trunk Pacific will bring within reach of the powers of civilization. In five years from to-day these isolated settlements will ha\e been linked up with the rest of Canada, bringing new wealth to the Dominion and vast sources of traffic for the enterprising railway which will thrust its iron tentacles into these rich and wonderful lands.
VIEW OK MEDICINE HAT, THE NATURAL GAS CITY OK THE NORTH-WEST TERRITORIES
LooKing .AHead
( E N S I' S I N r 96 1
CANADA, with an ascertained territory of more than three and a half million square miles, and a population of nearly six millions of free people, bred from some of the best stock in Europe, and invigorated by strenuous living in a virgin country of boundless natural wealth and bracing climate, possesses to a marked degree the elements from which a great nation can be made.
To build up on this splendid ground work a Dominion worthy of the unparalleled riches and beauty of our country, two things are needed — men and money. Capital is being attracted here in increasing amounts yearly, although, as we remarked in a recent issue, not from that quarter to which Canada looks with most pleasure for her development. Immigrants, too, are filling up our vast land on a scale which is great, if we compare it with that of a few years ago, but which is capable of immense increase if reckoned against that on which the United States has been for years and still is receiving settlers.
What will be our population fifty years hence ? There are several wise old saws, verified by most of us, to the effect that the
role of a prophet is a difficult one. It would seem to be doubly difficult in such an undertaking as the estimation of the increase in a nation's population. But he who essays the task for Canada has two pointers to aid him — one the rate of increase of our people during the past years — say since Confederation — and the other the growth of the United States. And the task is made more interesting by the fact that about ninety years ago a remarkable man undertook, and to a wonderful degree accomplished, the feat of predicting what the increase in the American people would be from 1820 to 1900. This man was Elkanah Watson, of New York, a friend of Washington's and a promoter of many enter- prises for public improvements. Before setting out his figures and those of the census returns, it may be remarked that the first census ever taken in the United States was in 1790, when the population was found to be a little under four millions. At that date the territory owned by the United States was 827, 844 square miles, of which only 239,935 square miles were settled, with an average density of 16-4 persons to the square mile. The next (Continued on page 21.)
Financial Review
" There are few ways in which a man can be more innocently employed than in getting money."— DR. JOHNSON.
THE recent issue of bonds — $2,000,000 — by the Winnipeg Asselc.
Electric Railway Company, directs attention to that flour- Cost of property 16,958,020
ishing property. In any case, a study of values would have f °res and merchandise • • 49.H2I
Accounts receivable 7« ,-,(.
interest because of the phenomenal growth of the great Western Casj,
metropolis. With regard to Winnipeg's prospects there seems to
be no division of opinion. Optimists and pessimists alike join in ^L^^^
prophesying a future brilliantly prosperous. In its present form Revenue and expenditure were :
the Winnipeg Electric Railway Co. began its existence last year.
t i-- • Ji ™r- WINNIPEG ELECTRIC STRKKT RAILWAY. It was formed by combining the Winnipeg Electric Street Rail- way Co. with the Winnipeg General Power Co. Prior to this Gross earnings . fo<£l99 fe^Saj
the Street Railway Co. had absorbed the North-West Electric Gross expenses '173,218 210! 9X5
Light Co. and the Manitoba Electric and Gas Light Co. Quot- Net earnings jir^s7 |is^
ing from the prospectus for the new bond issue, " the amalga- Gas stove earnings , 267
mated company controls all of the street railway, gas, electric
power and commercial lighting business of the city of Winnipeg Fixed charges .. $57.829 70,405
and the town of St. Boniface, having a combined population of Directors fees 1,750 59,579 1,750 72155
about 75,000." The mileage operated is 30 miles. The increase
in the number of passengers carried strikingly illustrates the To contingent account '' £^
growth of the city as well as of the company's business. In 1899 — - —
it was 2,473,196, and in 1903, 6,517,028. The electric lighting ^vailablf for Dividends . $ 76,602 $ 88,952
... , Dividends paid 44,825 64, 961
business has increased even more rapidly — the number of custom- ers on ist July, 1900, was 919, and on ist July, 1904, 2,809. Gas Added to surplus . *J?_J.]2 * 23)989 metres installed increased during the same period from 1,136 to
2,520. The recent merger prevents, of course, a satisfactory The effects of the consolidation and of Winnipeg's wonderful
comparison of earnings and position with previous years. But growth are seen in the 1904 operations :
taking the balance sheet and statement for 1904, along with the WINNIPKC. KI.KCTRIC RAILWAY.
results for 1901 and 1902, some idea can be gained as to the pro- Gross earnings $831,736
gress made. For 1901-1902 the exhibit is as follows : Gross expenses. . 427,754
WINNIPEG ELECTRIC STREET RAILWAY Co. Net earnings . $403,982
Fixed charges. . Km q6s
Liabilities. 3ist Dec., 1901. vst Dec., 1902
Directors fees ,,750 1135.715
Capital, paid-up $ 992,300 Ji ,250,000
Bonds 1,000,000 1,000,000 Available for dividends $ 268,267
Accounts and wages payable 41,722 60,150 Dividends paid .. 120,735
Dividends due 12,393 18,750
Added to surplus $ 147,532
Bank of Montreal 1 22,31 2 10,208
Sundry liabilities and suspense account ^1763 28 863
Surplus I28]590 152,5*0 I9°3 the gross earm"gs were $568,225; the expenses,
$278,403, making net earnings $289,822.
After paying fixed charges there was available for dividends
Cost of property"' $2,273,476 $2,462,279 in '9O1 nearl>' 8 Per cent- °» the caPital stock : '" '9O2 nearly
Stores and merchandise 14,045 41,842 9 per cent., and in 1904, on the heavily increased capitalization,
Accounts receivable 16,229 '4, 127 less than 7 per cent.
Cash 2,33° 2,303 in the last balance sheet there is to be noted an advance by
12,306.080 $2,520,551 the Bank of Montreal to the company of $1,339,423. Presum- ably this loan was made by the bank to help pay for the develop- On 3ist December, 1904, the consolidated company made the ment of the new hydraulic plant on the Winnipeg river; for the following exhibit : new gas works in Winnipeg city, and for extensions to the rail- Liabilities. way and electric light plant. At any rate, these are set down as Capital, paid-up ... $4,000,000 the object of the new bond issue, and the probability is that the
Bonds 1,000,000 bank loan has been by this time repaid from the proceeds from the
Accounts and wages payable 217,815 , , . mi- • «. *. \\T > i- 1
Dividends due 50,000 bond sales' TaklnS nlto account Winnipeg's phenomenal growth
Bank of Montreal ', 339^23 anc^ '*s brilliant prospects for the future, there seems to be no
Sundry liabilities and suspense account 134,120 doubt whatever that the property of this company will steadily
Surplus 351.602 increase in value ; the bonds and the stock should, therefore, be
$7,092^960 capital investments, provided they are not bought at the culmi- nation of some particularly violent bullish price movement.
.
Notes of tKe Provinces
AND
New f o u n d 1 a n d
— L. F. Brown, the veteran angler and camper, writes as follows in the Count iv Ca/ciidarfor June:
" Brook trout and brown trout are not appreci- ated in Newfoundland, being far more common than are the perch and sunfish of the States. Catch- ing them will soon surfeit the angler who casts his flies from the shores of almost any lake. Such catches are counted by the dozen — one lot of 72 dozen being brought aboard the train at Harbor Grace. One dozen ten- inch trout usually sell for ten cents.
' ' There are 687 named takes on the Island, and 30,000 known ones with- out names. The island has about 4,000 miles of seacoast, including that of bays like Bonavista, Notre Dame, Fortune, St. Mary's, Bonne, St. George, Placentia and Bay of Islands. From one to six streams of clear, green water empty into each of these bays. Every stream that reaches salt water is a salmon stream. Back from all that coast are other and easily reached streams that have not even a tradition of a fish-net rod or hook, and lakes never mapped where one may camp and add to the fare wild geese and ducks, willow grouse, whose plumage turns white in winter, ptarmigan, plover and curlew. These camping places give a unique sense of remoteness
and solitude. Only one who has actually seen the wall of darkness around a camp-fire in the New- foundland forest and over the tundras, can under- stand the tinge of fear that sometimes becomes al- most appalling in the vast solitudes."
Area, 42,734 sq Map of Canada
uare miles. Population, 220,000
—with portion marked black showing position and extent of Newfoundland
— We cull the following particulars from the re- port on the Foreign Trade and Commerce of New- foundland. It shows that the colony has for the last five years enjoyed unprecedented prosperity. From iSS8to 1896, the exports fluctuated between $6,000,000 and $7,500,000. In 1897 they sank to
New BrunswicK
treme care was displayed in the making and pre- serving of their entire output. This care is still preserved, and it is this alone that makes the name of Connors a synonym of all that is pure in the canned goods trade.
From the very beginning of the canning business
— A sale of timber land, which establishes a re- cord price per acre in this section of New Bruns- wick, has just been completed at Hillsboro, Albert county. James Dobson, lumberman, of Stoney Creek, purchased from Mrs. Bliss Steeves, of Hill- boro, 75 acres of timber land for $8,000; this is over one hundred dollars an acre, and prob- ably represents the highest figure for property of that kind ever paid in this province. The property purchased is said to be exceptionally well timbered.
— Snugly nestled at the foot of the hills that surround Black's Harbor, is the famous canning establishment of Connors Bros., Ltd., situated about 30 miles from St. John and ten miles from St. Andrews, on the Bay of Fuh- dy shore. This growing business is an example to the rising generation of what a man can do by persistent and honest effort. The firm was orig- inally composed of Louis and Patrick
Connors, who gained their extensive
. 7. . . ,, . Area— 27,985 Square Miles Pop
knowledge of the business first, as Map of Canada— with portion marked black showing position and extent of
hoys, engaged in the Bay of Fund}'
and schooner fishery.
Early in life the business instinct was strong. In January of 1886 a partnership was formed between the two brothers. They started operations with the purchase of fish, which they shipped in a frozen or salted state to the St. John, Halifax and Ameri- can markets. This venture proving successful, the store they now occupy was built in the summer of 1886, to which from time to time additions have been made. In the meantime the business was growing and the thought of a cannery took tangi- ble shape, and a small factory was erected in 1890. The first experiment was made with blueberries, which proved so successful that the idea of sar- dines and other fish products suggested itself. Ex-
success rewarded the untiring efforts of the two brothers, and in 1901 the business was merged into a joint stock concern, with Louis Connors, presi- dent, and Patrick Connors, vice-president and gen- eral manager.
By this time the affairs of the company were as- suming all ths hall marks of success. To day they control seven weirs, own one motor boat of about twelve tons, which brings in the fish daily from different points : also two schooners, the Nellie D., of about thirty tons, and the Buda, of about twenty tons. These schooners are used as freighters to convey their goods to the different railroad centres. For the accommodation of their employees they have erected six new houses, and others are in
$4,925,689. In 1900 they exceeded the high water mark of 1888 and 1901, and since then they have been gradually increasing, and in the year ending June 30th, 1904, they totalled $10,381,897.
The fluctuations in the total trade between June 3oth, 1888, to June 3Oth, 1904, was very marked and varied greatly. 1888 had the high water mark with a total trade of $14,816,453; the year 1897-8 was the, year of greatest depression, with a total trade of $[0,415,796. The 3~ears 1900 and 1901 exceeded the 1888 mark by about a million. Since then the movement has been uniformly up- wards, and byjune3oth, 1904, reached
The lowest annual export of dry cod during the past too years occurred in 1808, and was 576,132 quintals ; the next lowest occurred in 1832, and was 619,177 quintals ; the lowest in the 5o's was 774,117 quintals ; the lowest in the &5's occurred in '66 and '68, and were 886,690 quintals and 888,063 quintals respectively. The years '77 and '78 had the lowest exports in the 7o's with something over 1,000,000 quintals ; the lowest in the 9o's exceeded the 1,100,000, and the lowest since 1900 exceeded 1,200,000 quintals. There has, therefore, been a clear upward tendency even in the worst }-ears.
course of construction. Forthe general public they a!so built a large hotel.
The facilities of Black's Harbor are exceptionally good. An arm extends on the south side and acts as a natural breakwater. The harbor is two miles long and one-half mile wide.
Among the better known of their goods are sardines, lobsters, clajis, scallops, clam chowder, fresh herring, smoked sea trout, smoked chicken halibut, German mustard, rhubarb and the different berries. These goods are shipped to the West, South America and West India islands.
— On June i6the C. P. R. completed the deal which places that corpora- tion in control of the St. John Bridges and Railway Extension Company, owners of the cantilever bridge across the falls. As the bridge is the only means of access the C. P. R. has into St. John, the importance of the deal to them is manifest. The C. P. R. has secured three-quarters of the com- pany's stock, paying $50 a share; which is the par value. As but 12 per cent, had been paid up, the shareholders made a good thing, though the C. P. R., no doubt, feel that control of the bridge and its approaches fully warrants the price, particularly as it cost the C. P. R. $60,000 last year in tolls to the Bridge Company.
— For some time negotiations have been going on for the transfer of the large tracts of land on the Miramichi now held by the William Richards Co., Ltd. A short time ago President Chisholm, of the International Paper Company, spent several days in inspecting the properties at Boiestown and on the Miramichi. In the meantime they have secured an option on the property. The amount of the option was between $600,000 and $700,000.
ilation — 331,120 Vew Brunswick
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— The first steel rail to be turned out by the Do- minion Iron and Steel Co. was manufactured on the I4th June, when the most exhaustive test that the machinery in the rail mill has yet been put through was made. The rail was sixteen feet long.
— The Lunenburg fishing schooners arrived early last month from the Banks with their spring catches. About twenty vessels have made two trips, of which some have reported with magnificent fares and with fish at the present prices have made a good year's work before the season is half gone. The Lila B. Hirtle, Captain Hirtle, which had 500 quintals on an early spring catch, procured 700 quintals more, the result of a second visit to the Banks. This fortunate vessel is always one of the most successful and now is the leader. The Walrus, Captain Young, another schooner which always gives a good account of herself, had a fine fare of 400 quintals, bringing her spring catch up to a total of 750 quintals.
— The condition of the iron mining industry in Nova Scotia has lately been receiving the attention of a num- ber of provincial papers. It has been
Nova Scotia
money, may be closed down at any time if de- pendent upon ores from outside the Dominion. The Newfoundland Government may desire to build up smelting works at home and in some such way, as was recently attempted to handicap I'nited States fishermen, stop the export of ore from Bell Isle to Nova Scotia, thus closing down the Sydney works. Several ways have been suggested in which the pre- sent fiscal policy of the Federal Government might
Area — 21, 42* Square Miles Population — 45(1, ,S7J
Map of Canada — with portion marked black showing position and extent of Nova Scotia.
pointed out that although the manufacture of iron in the province has increased from 73,000 tons in 1898 to 321,000 tons in 1903, the output of ore from the mines of Nova Scotia has decreased from 83,792 tons in 1895, to 16, 172 tons in 1902. In 1903 the I). I. & S. Co. used not a ton of Nova Scotia ore, yet it drew bounties on 205,540 tons. In the same vear the N. S. S. ct C. Co. used 15,395 tons from abroad and only 4,653 tons of native ore.
For a province which is supposed to be rich in iron ore of various kinds, this is a most unsatisfac- tory condition of affairs. So far as the kinds of ore required exist in the province, they should be used, and the money paid for the ores go toward
be revised to encourage the use of native ores. At present pig iron from native ore draws 50 per cent, more bounty than that from foreign ores. By abol- ishing the bounty on foreign ore altogether and either adding it to that for native ore, or giving the same amount as a direct bounty on everv ton of na- tive ore mined, the desired result might be attained. Previous to 1896 no bounties were paid for iron from foreign ore.
As most of the prospecting and developing done hitherto has been paid for by private parties, and as the expense of developing and erecting proper equipment for raising and shipping ore is verv heavy, the Provincial Government might well
tons of ore are being imported from Newfoundland and other places outside Nova Scotia. Private par- ties have spent considerable money sinking shafts and boring, but have received little assistance from the government. If the government were to offer a sufficient amount to thoroughly test the extent of the deposits, and assist in establishing a plant for hoisting and loading the ore at the mine, and for loading at the most suitable port, an enterprise might be started which would employ hundreds of men. In the other iron districts of the province the possibili- tiesof development are probably equal- ly good. It is to be hoped that the present discussion may lead to action in the direction indicated on the part of both Federal and Provincial govern- ments.
— The first communication by wire- less telegraph with Sable Island was received June 2.S, when the Camper- down station, near Halifax, received a message from the island that the sta- tion there is not yet complete. The next station is to be erected at Cape Sable.
— Nova Scotia is now one of the greatest fruit-growing centres in the world. This is due to soil which isquick to respond to the scien- tific efforts of those versed in fruit husbandry. Per- haps the spot where fruit is raised in greatest pro- fusion is the Annapolis Valley, of which Cornwal- lis is said to form the nucleus, the garden of the vallev. Coopers are now employed in almost everv section of the country. Onlv this week one cooper factory put in three stave sawing machines. In contrast with the apple of fifty years ago the apple of to day is packed for market in nicely appointed apple warehouses, of which some forty have been built along the line of the Dominion Atlantic Ry. The yield of fruit in the Annapolis Valley this year
FISHING SCENE, WKSTPORT, DIGBY COUNTY — AN IMPORTANT KISHINC. TOWN IN WKSTKKN NOVA SCOTIA IN TUB FOREGROUND ARK CODFISH AND HADDOCK PILED AND SPREAD ON FLAKES, IN PROCESS OF DRYING
providing labor for our own people at home. It is also pointed out that the smelting works built up by so much sacrifice of public and private
assist. Take, for instance, the Torbrook iron dis- trict. Here it is supposed exist vast deposits of the best of iron ore lying unused, while hundreds of
will be something like five hundred thousand bar- rels, an output equal to the output of the year 1903.
i8
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Area, 351,873 Square Miles.
— The annual auction sale of timber limits in connection with the Provincial Department of Lands, Mines and Fisheries, took place in the pri- vate bills committee room, Parliament House, on June 22nd, and was a success. The sale was pre- sided over by the Minister of Crown Lands, Hon. A. Turgeon. The prices of the limits put up were from 20 to 40 per cent, higher than last year, which caused the bidders to be careful and slow. Not- withstanding this, the sales were favorable to the Government. One thousand four hundred and fifty- four miles of timber limits were sold, at an average price of $165 per square mile. Mr. John Breakey secured most of the limits on the Upper Ottawa and Centre Gaspe districts, which com- prised the major part of the sale. The total amount realized as a result of the sale was 1396,645.53.
— Parties from Portland, Maine, and Montreal, Que., have been exploring for some time the ex- cellent peat lands to be found in the vicinity of St. Hyacinthe. On the report of the engineer in charge they have, it appears, decided upon a tract
Quebec
of land at St. Dominique, a parish situated about two miles from St. Hyacinthe, where it is proposed to erect and equip a peat manufacturing plant in the near future. The present intention is to erect a plant capable of manufacturing about 200 tons of peat per day at an approximate cost of $2 per ton. It is claimed, besides its great heating properties for domestic purposes, that a ton of this ideal peat will produce about 1,900 feet of gas. The demonstra- tion which took place fully satisfied those present of the possibilities of this new industry. A joint stock company will be forthwith organized with a probable capital of $50,000.
— The announcement is made by the Canadian agency of the Elder Dempster Steamship Line here that the contract has just been definitely closed with the governments of Canada and Mexico for the new monthly steamship service, commencing July 2oth from the port of Montreal. The route which is to be operated by first-class steamships of 4,000 tons dead-weight capacity and large passen- ger accommodations, will touch at Charlottetown,
Population, 1,648,898
Halifax, Havana, Progreso, Veracruse, Tampico and other Mexican ports.
The Elder Dempster line is receiving constant in- quiries from Mexican merchants as to the character of the merchandise Canada will be prepared to ex- port, and it is expected that a large trade will de- velop between the two countries.
During the winter vessels of the new service will operate from Halifax, and the line will endeavor to establish a tourist and general passenger traffic to Cuba, Nassau in the Bahama islands, and Mexico.
— The engineers engaged on the surveys of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway have made a rich dis- covery of oil just east of Lake Abittibi in farther Temiskaming district. A huge well, pouring forth quantities of oil, estimated at 700 barrels a day, has been located, and it is evident that the flow has been going on for years. The constant flow has resulted in the formation of a lake of oil. The oil is located on land belonging to the Province of Quebec, and is a decidedly valuable find.
Area, 260,862 Square Miles.
— The Government have appropriated $15,000 for the purpose of making experiments with the elec- tric process of smelting ores and manufacturing steel. The experiments will take place at Sault Ste. Marie, and the Consolidated Lake Superior Power Company will furnish a building and dyna- mo capable of supplying 400 electric horse-power for four months free of charge. All kinds of ores will be experimented with, and important results are expected to be obtained.
The system used will be the Herault process, which takes its name from the inventor. M. Herault himself will conduct the experiments, and is ex- pected to arrive here from France some time next month.
The erection of an experimental plant is one of the earliest results of the investigation of the commission headed by Dr. Haanel, superintendent of mines, which the Government, upon Mr. Sifton's recommendation, sent to Europe. An elaborate report showing tlie success in Europe of making steel by the electric system was prepared and published by Dr. Haanel upon the return of the commission. This report is regarded as classic, and de- mands for copies have come from all over the world.
It can easily be seen what enormous possibilities for Canada underlie the inauguration of a cheaper process for manufacturing pig iron and steel than is now in use. Taking Ontario, for example, it is dotted with extensive ore bodies, the development of which is at present prevented by lack of cheap fuel. There is coal in abundance in the eastern and western parts of Canada, but the cost of con- veying it to points where coke is needed for smelt- ing purposes is prohibitive. On the other hand, there are a great many water-powers throughout Ontario where electricity can be developed and utilized. If, therefore, the electric system should prove to be commercially feasible we may look for the inflow of a large amount of capital and consid- erable mining development.
— The consensus of opinion among prominent fruit growers of the Niagara district is that this year is going to see a better crop of fruit than for some years past. Things have been favorable to
Ontario
the fruit this spring, and everything points to a rich harvest in all fruit but apples, perhaps. The culture of apples in Niagara peninsula grows less every year, for the reasons that apple trees are more susceptible to the San Jose scale than any other fruit tree, and the fact that it pays the grow- ers better to use the laud for more profitable fruits. Many apple orchards have been cut down and other fruits planted in the past two or three years.
SAUlfl.K RIVKR — NEAR AII.SA CRAIG, ONTARIO
— In Prince Edward county the farmers have or- ganized an association for bringing into the country to help them in their work, immigrants from Great Britain. Some 350 men have been brought out, and have given such satisfaction that it is intended to bring more. They are spoken of as of the best class, and with their families number about 600 souls. They are consumers as well as producers, and a double benefit conies from their presence in the country.
— First construction work on the Grand Trunk Pacific will begin near Kakabeka, a station on the branch which will connect the national transconti- nental line with Port Arthur, Fort William and the Great Lakes.
Kakabeka is 19 miles west of Fort William. The Canadian Pacific will run alongside the G. T. P. at
Population, 2,182,947
this point, and in this way supplies can be secured easily for the new road.
The location plan was approved by the railway commission, and gives the company authority to build three and four miles east and west of Kaka- beka. The railway commission has also approved of the route map showing the general direction of the whole branch from Fort William north-west over 200 miles, to a point where it will connect with the main line, some 50 miles nor th of the village of Wabigoon.
— Of the 134 wells drilled in the dis- trict of Leamington, loo are now yield- ing oil, while three are gas wells, sup- plying the town, and the remaining 31 are dusters. The "proved" terri- tory lies north and is about six miles long and less than a mile wide. At Wheatley, seven miles east, and Com- ber, to the north, a few oil wells have been drilled. In spite of numerous 100 barrel wells reported, the ship- ments from the field have not exceeded 200 car loads, or 30,000 barrels. This probably represents the limit of the field's capacity.
— There has been a wonderful dis- covery of gold in Barrie township, county of Frontenac. Men employed by the Big Dipper Company, while pro- specting, came upon the largest find in gold that has ever been discovered in Ontario. The quartz containing the gold will turn out Ji,ooo to the ton. The find was made on lot 15, concession 10, town- ship of Barrie. The owners are United States capi- talists.
— The Nepigon Forest reserve, which was created recently, shows it to be the largest area of the kind yet set aside iu such a manner. Its area is 7,500 square miles, including Lake Nepigon, which, with the rivers which feed it. forms the greatest trout fishing ground in the world. Its land area is esti- mated at 5,000 square miles. The soil of the re- serve is not generally suited for agriculture, but is heavily timbered. On it are found spruce, jack- pine, tamarac, cedar, balm of Gilead, poplar, white birch, and some scattered groves of white and red pine. The spruce are the largest in the province, some of them being thirty inches in diameter.
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Area, 372,112 Square Miles.
Manitoba and North-West Territories
Population, 611,151
— Taking the province as a whole it will be found that the rural homes in Manitoba are amongst the very best to be found in the Dominion. As the buildings are all comparatively new they are mod- ern in architecture, and being owned by well-off and prosperous farmers, the residences are commo- dious and well furnished. In no other province of Canada is there so much paint and brick used by the agriculturists. Any one who travels over the East or the West must come to this conclusion without even leaving the trains to make examinations. The people have taste and leisure for reading, so that books and papers are amongst the most useful adornments. A province of readers means a well-informed province. Manitoba did not start as Ontario and British Colum- bia started . Here the people stepped right on to good cleared farms, and with de- termination to adopt every improvement.
— Between September i , 1904, and May 31, 1905, there were marketed at elevators throughout Manitoba and the North-West 36,981,071 bushels of wheat. During the same period there was
shipped through elevators SMAI.I, KI.OCK
35,797,480 bushels, and on May 3 1 there was in store at
interior points 3,183,682 bushels, of which 111,961 bushels was farmers' wheat.
—The Canadian Northern Railway has decided on the construction of the most important line from a strategic standpoint that has been undertaken since the system completed its plan of arrange- ments. As a result, by the time the season of the wheat-rush arrives the traffic of all the south-west- ern lines will have been diverted from Winnipeg to a route more direct by 25 miles. The local yards will be relieved of the congestion arising from the handling of thousands of cars from South- Western Manitoba, while the main line between Winnipeg and Port Arthur will be freed of the handling back of the trains of empty cars. The new link will ex- tend from Emerson, at the boundary, to Vassar, on the main line between Winnipeg and Port Arthur, and adjacent to the bor- der. It is expected that the line will be ready for the wheat-rush of 1905.
— The St. Paul Fanner, a leading agricultural paper of Minnesota, says in a recent issue :
" Again this year, as for the last four or five years, hundreds and thou- sands of farmers from the Middle States are moving into the Canadian West. If anything, the movement has opened earlier this spring than usual. During the month of February 920 tickets were sold from points on the Atchison and Santa Fe Railway Sys- tem to Western Canada via Minneapo- lis and St. Paul. The little town of Norton, Kansas, which has only 600 people, sent 70 of them into Manitoba and the Cana- dian Territories in April. These farmers are leaving land that is now worth $50 to $100 an acre, and was secured by them for nothing only a few years ago. They are moving to Western Canada not because they are dissatisfied, but because they know that the
opportunities there during the next few years will be as good as, or better than, they were in Oklaho- ma a few years since. Splendid land may be home- steaded in Western Canada or bought for a few dol- lars an acre, land that will multiply in value in the next five or ten yerrs.
" If you question the thousands of people who are now passing through the St. Paul gateway on their way to their new homes in Western Canada,
SHKKP ON FARM AT SHOAI, J.AKK — MANITOHA
they will tell you that they are going into Canada simply because they can still get cheap and fertile- lands. So great has been the demand for the famous hard wheat lands of Western Canada during the past few years that it is a fact that the Canadian Pacific land department at Winnipeg has sold about five million acres. In addition to these sales, it must be remembered that there have been large sales by other companies, and that about five mil- lion acres of Government land have been homestead- ed yearly.
" There is no doubt that these new settlers will do well, Practically all of the farmers in Western Canada who have come from the States are doing well. Many are making their fortunes. With wheat a dollar a bushel and land at from five to ten
A HOMR ON THK PRAIKIK, NKAR CAR1,YI,K, ASSINIBOIA
dollars an acre that will produce 50 to 60 bushels of wheat per acre, it is not difficult to understand how these people will ' get rich quick ' in the best sense of the phrase."
— An idea of how rapidly the North- West is be- ing filled up through the energetic and systematic
immigration policy of the Dominion Government may be found in the homestead returns for the month of May, when there was an increase of nearly one thousand entries over May, 1904. At Regina there were 1, 080, an increase of 268 ; at Battleford 566, an increase of 259; Yorkton, 659, an increase of 182 ; Red Dee.-, 353, an increase of 218; Kdmonton, 329, an increase of 29; Prince Albert, 231, an increase of 64; Lethbridge, 217, a decrease of 10; Calgary, 202 ; a de- crease of 48 ; Alameda, 160, an increase of 50; Winnipeg, 54, a decrease of 10: Bran- don, 12, a decrease of 21; Dauphin, 33, a decrease of 13 ; Minnedosa, 39, a de- crease of 7.
—Medicine Hat is follow- ing the pace set by Calgary, Kdmonton, Red Deer and other places, and is sending a deputation to Ottawa to ask for things. If talkative de- putations can accomplish anything one hailing from the town of natural gas should be a winner. Amongst other things they will ask for an experimental farm.
— Lloydminster is the prin- cipal town in the thriving All- British colony in the Sas- katchewan valley. It is less than three years old, but it gives many signs of healthy activity. At present its build- ings number about 2uo, and comprise a church, a large dry goods store, two drug stores, two butch- ers shops, a smithy, a bakery, three restaurants, livery barns, a branch of the Canadian Bank of Commerce and the King Edward hotel. A musical and literary society has been formed. A rifle asso- ciation boasts a good membership, the Canadian government supplying the rifles, so as to encourage good marksmanship. The volunteer movement has many advocates, and the formation of a corps is only a matter of time. Business interests are pro- tected by a board of trade, the local bank manager being the president. One of the magistrates hails from Liverpool, and another is a Manchester man. During the past year social conditions have been greatly improved. With the aid of the generous subscribers to the Colonial and Conti- nental Church Society, several small churches have been erected in the out- lying districts situated from ten to twenty miles around Lloydminster. To-day the colony is going ahead in good style, the town is increasing from week to week, and a contented community of people is to be found around.
—Messrs. Mackenzie & Mann have incorporated the Canadian Northern Lands Company; Limited, with a capi- tal of $5, 000,000, to sell 500,000 acres of land, a part of the Canadian North- ern Railway grant. This land has been taken into the company at a valu- ation of $3 per acre, representing Jr,- 500,000 of the stock. The shares have been in the market in England for the past few weeks, and are selling at a premium.
—A Lethbridge correspondent — an Englishman — writes to us : " People are coming in here at a tremendous rate and buying land, but still there is plenty to be had near town. Everybody I have
RESOURCES
met seems to think that in another ten years land will be selling here at $ 100 to $150 an acre. Simi- lar land in a similar climate in the United States is doing so now. There are a very good lot of farmers around here. The best farmer and the and the one who gets the best crops is a Welshman. He had been market- gardening in the Old Country, and started to work his land in the same way as if he were still gardening at home. A great many people, of course, laughed at him, but he had the laugh on his side when he came to harvest and market his crop. Another man who is doing well, also an English- man, by-the-way, had his first crop of wheat frozen. A friend lent him f loo to buy pigs, and he fed them with the frozen grain. To-day this man is com- fortably off and doing well. A mistake some people make, so I have myself noticed, is that they farm too much in the rough and ready system. They do not work the land sufficiently. These people make their farms pay, but they would make much more if they culti- vated more thoroughly. The best motto seems to be 'Work your land as cheaply as you can but do it thoroughly.' '
— Manitoba and the Territories of Western Can- ada have become famous for their production of abundant yields of the best quality of hard spring wheat, and it is doubtless that fame that is causing
1,1 MK STONK CLIFFS, STKKP ROCK ISLAND, DAWSON'S LAKE WINNIPEGOSIS, MANITOBA
so many thousands of the best American farmers to immigrate to Manitoba, Assiniboia, Alberta and
Saskatchewan each year. But the claims of West- ern Canada to be a great agricultural country are based on other forms of agricultural activity, as well as on wheat raising. Oats, barley and roots are great crops. For the last six years the Canadian Territories have aver- aged 34 YT, bushels of oats to the acre, and Manitoba's average is about the same for twenty years, though in some years the average has gone to almost 50 bushels.
Cattle raising in Western Canada, although at present very successful, is only in its infancy. Western Canada, chiefly in Western Assiniboia and Al- berta, has the best natural grass ranges in America. Unlike the ranges in the United States, the Canadian ranges have not been overpastured and there is still room for hundreds of thou- sands of cattle on the wild grass pas- tures. The stock-raisers of Western Canada deserve praise for their con- sistent endeavors to breed a high AV grade of cattle. The result is, that
the farm as well as the range cattle of Western Canada will probably average higher than in the Western States.
— Until quite recently the Okanagan district was regarded primarily as a wheat producing region, and while this is to some extent the case, each suc- cessive year sees more attention profitably given to mixed farming, for which nearly the whole of the valley is admirably adapted. The centre of the val- ley is now a network of farms, containing grain fields, orchards and hay meadows. The soil is ex- ceptionally productive, and is not subject to rapid exhaustion. As an enterpris- ing land man puts it, "Mani- toba land, Okanagan cli- mate."
The largest orchard in the district and now the best known, is the Coldstream ranch, the name given to Lord Aberdeen's fine estate, about three miles from Ver- non. The orchard is being constantly enlarged and soon will be the biggest one in the Dominion. In addition to fruit culture, an extensive acreage is now being utilised for hop growing, and the efforts along this line have been singularly successful. The hop yards are well worth a visit, and are in their way quite as interesting as the 300 acres with the beauti- fully trimmed trees growing in such remarkable align- ment at correct intervals with military-like precision. The hops are regarded by English buyers on a par with the finest products of the Kent- ish hop fields. Vernon hitherto has been very English. The man who has come in, the new settler from the prairie, presents a strong contrast to all this. If anything the latter is a little blunt in his manner, keen, practical, shrewd in business, with- out frills, nothing diletante about him. The assim- ilation of these two opposites should in time make an excellent combination.
British Columbia
One of the principal attractions of the region is its delightful climate, a mean between the dryness of the bunch grass country and the humidity of the coast. The spring and autumn seasons are delight, fully mild, and if there are warm days in summer, the nights are always cool, making the blankets indispensable. In the mountains surrounding game abounds. The trout fishing in the lakes and streams of the Okanagan district is unsurpassed.
OKANAGAN VALLEY ORCHARD — BRITISH COLUMBIA CRAB APPLES IN BLOSSOM
This country offers inducements of soil and cli- mate that can not be excelled anywhere with such favorable conditions that assure success to the man who willingly toils.
— When the last decennial census was taken four years ago, British Columbia had over 13,500 acres of land set out in apple orchards, says Colliers Weekly. The earnings of that fruit culture ex-
ceeded $2, 000,000. The average net profit of an acre of apples is now estimated at about $300. This makes a crop such as that of 1901 equal to more than |4,ooo,ooij. Sanguine horticulturists predict the apple harvest in this province alone will equal f 10,000,000 annually in less than five years. When such a figure can become a fact, British Columbia may boast of her fruit trees as loudly as she now does of her gold mines, fisheries and forests. The entire orchard product of the United States — the greatest apple country in the world — represents but eight times the claims of this one pro- vince. Last year the Depart- ment of Agriculture at Ot- tawa experimented in the ex- portation of apples by send- ing three shiploads of Cana- dian " Wealthys " to the British Isles. Despite the long haul and high freight tariff, the shipment more than paid ; every apple was received in fine condition, and more of their kind were asked for. Bankers from the States as well as the Do- minion, tell us they are eager to invest in Canadian indus- tries. It is not surprising that they should, for when the apple-earnings of a gold- mining country divide with the precious metal the total on the trade sheet, the pros- perity of the country is as- sured and most satisfactory returns may be counted upon . —The West Kootenay Power and Light Com- pany's present works are at Lower Bonnington Falls, but it is proposed to harness the Upper Bon- nington Falls and to make them yield 24,000 hy- draulic horse-power. There will be two 8,000 horse power water-wheels, two 300 horse-power exciters, two 8,000 horse-power generators and two 300 horse-power exciters.
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21
LooKing AKead
(Continued from page jj. )
two census returns were for the decades 1800 and 1810, and the figures were as follows :
Year Population Settled Territory Average
Density
1800 5,308,483 305,708 square miles 17^4 sq. mile
1810 7,239,881 4<J?,945 '77
It will thus be seen that one hundred years ago the popula- tion in the States was about what that of Canada is to-day. But the centre of the settled area was then no further west than a line drawn between Baltimore and Washington. It was in 1815 that Watson made his calculation. For the first fifty years it was so near the actual figures that it is safe to say no effort of the kind ever approached it for accuracy.
1820 1830 1840 1850 1860
Watson's estimate. 9,625, 734 12,833,645 17,116,536 23,185,368 31,753,824 Census returns 9,633,822 12,866,020 17,069,453 23,191,876 31,443,321
Difference 8,088 32,375 47,o«3 6,508 310,503
His figures for the next forty years from 1860 to 1900 were not nearly so accurate for reasons which need not be set out now. But here we have the amazing fact that by reasoned calculation a man was able to fore- tell to within tens of thousands, and even thousands, the wonder- ful growth of his coun- try fifty years ahead.
Without emulating any such difficult feat as Elkanah Watson accom- plished, it may not be impossible to figure out roughly what our popu- lation may be half a cen- tury hence. Our growth during the last thirty- four years has been this: Population
1871 3,5iS'4ii
1881 4,336,5°4
1891 4,839,239
1901 5,338,883
1904 (estimated) . . .6,000,000
If the present rate of immigration, say 125,- ooo a year, continues,
we shall easily reach the seven million mark by 1911, when the next census will be taken — that is to say, we shall have doubled our population in 50 years from 1871. Now, as we have said, one hundred years ago, the people in the United States numbered about the same as our people to-day — six millions. What had been their rate of increase for forty years before that ? Unfortunately for our calculation, the British colonies of America were never numbered. The first United States census was taken in 1790, when the whites and blacks figured up to 3,929,214.
How long did it take America to double those numbers ? Roughly, it took twenty years, or half the time we calculate it will take us from Confederation. In 1810, after the Louisiana pur- chase, the United States held nearly seven million and a quarter people — 7,239,881. Now, have we any grounds for hoping that our growth in 50 years from 1911, when we are assumed to reach say 7,250,000, will be half as fast as that of the United States from iSioto 1860, when their population rose from 7,239,881 to 31,- 443,321, an increase of 24,203,440. In other words, can we ex-
Sl'SPENSION FOOT UK I DC. If OVKK THE SOURIS RIVKR, AT SOl'KIS, MAN1TOHA
pect by 1961 to have reached over 19,350,000 people, by adding 12 millions to the 7 millions we shall have in 1911 ? A little consideration will show, we think, that this figure is an under rather than an over estimate of what the growth in our people will be.
In the first place, in 1815, when Watson made his calcula- tions only 5,000 immigrants were arriving annually in the States. Between 1820 and 1830 the average annual arrival only reached 14,000. It began to increase greatly after 1830, and between then and 1840 more than half a million settlers arrived. The next decade saw a gigantic increase on this, 1,713,000 immigrants entering the country between 1840 and 1850. And between 1850 and 1860, which latter is the last year entering into our calcula- tion, no fewer than 2,579,580 new people came into the States from abroad.
Allowing 50,000 as the number of settlers who entered the States between 1810 and 1820, we find that over five million immigrants arrived in the States in the fifty years between 1810 and 1860. Now, how will Canada compare with this ?
In 1903 125,000 settlers came into the Dominion — or ten times as many as came here a decade ago. Last year, even despite the rascally behavior of some British agents, who had frightened away many intending immigrants, the number of arrivals was larger, vi/., 130,000. What reason is there that we
should not continue to receive, say 100,000 im- migrants annually, for the next fifty years ? If we do, we shall receive an increase of inhabit- ants by immigration al- most exactly the same as that which the United States gained between i 8 10 and 1860. But we have only estimated for half the total increase in our people between 1911 and 1 96 1 of that which the United States had between iSio and 1860, and yet it will be seen that there are good grounds for thinking that in immigration we may score quite as great a figure as they did.
Now as to the capa- bility of our country to
support such an increase of our population as we have imagined — not to say such an increase as the United States had. At the lowest estimate we have a belt of country 3,500 miles long and 400 miles broad, capable not only of supporting human life, but of producing foods of superior quality. This gives Canada 1,400,- ooo square miles of fertile territory. Her population to-day is only six millions — we have estimated that in 1911 it will be more than seven millions. Thus we find that if our people were spread about over this fertile tract they would only average to-day 4.28 persons per square mile, or 5 persons to the same area in 1911. In 1 8 10, the average density of the settled area of the United States was 17.7 persons per square mile. In 1850 the United States owned nearly three million square miles, but only less than one million of these were settled, giving a density of 23.7 persons per square mile. In 1860, the last year we have taken in our calculation, the figures were :
Y ar Average under Average
settlement density
1860 1,194,754 26.5 per sq. mile
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RESOURCES
Now, we have not at hand the figures for the settled area of Canada to-day, but the point is this. It took the United States fifty years from 1810 to 1860 to increase her settled area from 407,945 square miles to 1,194,754 square miles (less than the quantity available in Canada to-day ). How long is it going to take us, with all the modern transit advantages which the Ameri- cans had not until late in the half century of their history we are considering to fill up these lands with people at a rate of density, say only half that which the States had over its whole settled area in 1860. In that year, as we have already stated, their popula- tion was 31,753,824, and their settled area i , 194,754 square miles, giving an average density of 26.5. What would the population of Canada be, if in 1964 we had only half that number, viz. : 13.25 persons, upon every square mile of the 1,400,000 we have taken as being contained in the fertile belt which runs across our great Dominion. It would be 18,550,000, or near our estimated population of 19,350,000.
Thus we see that even taking the most moderate view of our possible increase of population — one which for the sake of the argument we have put as low as any one could put it — we find that Canada will al- most certainly increase her population dur- ing the fifty years from 1911 to 1961, half
as fast as the United States did between 1810 and 1860. That is to say our population in 196.1 ought to be, at least, twenty mil- lions.
THK Hudson Bay Co. this year shows the biggest earnings in its history. The report just out shows profits for the year ending May 31 of ^102,969, compared with .£98,934 the previous year. Total sales of the land department were .£170,219, compared with ,£280,614. Together with the balance of the land account, and sum brought forward from last year, the amount available for dividend is ,£384,064. The board recommended a further dividend of £2 8s per share, making a total for the year of £2 1 8s, carrying forward £94,064.
THE Government of Newfoundland has recently introduced in the Legisla- ture a bill imposing an annual tax of $4,000 on every telegraph cable landed on the coast of the island ; a tax of i per cent, on the traffic receipts of every telegraph company doing business in the colony ; a tax of $4 on every telephone operated, and $4,000 on every wireless telegraph company doing commercial business, those which only re- port ships being exempt.
When in Montreal
Dine at
Freeman's
ESTABLISHED 1863
154 ai\d 156
St. James street
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Competition |
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7 lie result of the seventh photographic competi- tion is as follows : |
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First Prize, - - $12.50 |
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J. C. PARSONS, ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNLAND |
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Log Cabin Hotel, Spruce Creek, XeiL'foundland. Page n. |
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Second Prize - - $7.50 |
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ARTHUR CORNWALL, HANTSPORT, NOVA SCOTIA |
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Fishing Scene, Westport, Digby County, Nova Scotia. Page if |
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Third Prize - - $5.00 |
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R. LECKIE EWING, OKANAGAN LANDING, BRITISH COLUMBIA |
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On Okanagan Lake, British Columbia. Page 13. |
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ft B B ^^ — /•%.•• i w>^^.*"fc*> " is widely known as the publication which *^^^^VJ VAX VxtT^ gives the best picture of Canada and Cana-
dian life. It does this, largely, by means of its illustrations. Now we want to increase the number of these — we want to show scenes in every part of the Dominion — but we cannot have staff photographers all over our immense country. Hence, we are trying to enlist the aid of all who have cameras, from Halifax to the Yukon, livery man or woman with a camera has, prob- ably, some scene daily under his or her eyes which would be of interest to people abroad or at the other end of Canada. To get them to send us pictures we are offering
Prizes of the Value of Twenty-Five Dollars
Monthly divided as follows :
FIRST PRIZE
: SECOND PRIZE
THIRD PRIZE
- $12.50 $7.50 $5.00
to the photographer, whether amateur or professional, who sends in the best original pictures of any scenes typical of life in Canada. The only conditions attached to entry are >
(1) That the management of RESOURCES are to be the sole judges of the merits of the photographs sent in.
(2) That all the photographs received become their property, to be used by them in any way they think fit.
(3) That a short description shall accompany each photograph, telling what it represents.
(4) That all photos shall be sent in unmounted.
N.B. — As " Solio " prints give the best results for half-tones, pictures on this
paper will be preferred. We pay a fair price for all pictures used, whether winners or not.
Address all enquiries to "Photo Competition," "Resources"
Room B 31 Board of Trade Building MONTREAL
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RESOURCES
Are You vSatisfied
with the results you are now obtain- ing from your farm or business
If not, write for information to
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EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada
'HpHRSaskatchewan val- *- ley in Alberta is the Garden of the West.
The city of Edmonton is the centre of the Sas- katchewan Valley, and is growing faster than any place in America.
Special opportunities for many industries. 100,000 Fanners wanted
EDMONTON DISTRICT
Town Lots and Improved Farms
P. HEIMINCK
CO.
REAL ESTATE AND FfNANCfAL A GENTS
EDMONTON
ALBERTA
IIKIMINCK IH.OL'K. — KRKCTKI>
Farming
and
Ranch
Land
For kSalf* '" "'e famoils llis-
' "r **•***= ,,-k-tof High River Southern Alberta, the finest section in all Canada for mixed farming, (iood grass ; rich, deep soil ; splendid yields ; mild climate ; fine water. Write for particulars
LOUIS H. ROBERTS, HIGH RIVER. ALBERTA. CANADA
F
OR INFORMATION CONCERNING
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THE UP-TO-DATE MUNICIPALITY OF " THE LAST WEST "
Address
The Secretary, Board of Trade
The Queen's
Toronto Canada
McGaw '& Winnett, Proprietor!
STRICTLY first-class in all its appointments. Celebrated for its home comforts, perfect quiet, excellent attendance, and the peculiar excellence of its cuisine. It has been patronized by their Royal Highnesses Prince Leopold and the Princess Louise, the Marquis of Lome, Lord and Lady Lansdowne, Lord and Lady Stanley, the Earl and Countess of Aberdeen, and the best families. Is most delight- fully situated near the Bay on Front Street, and is one of the largest and most comfortable hotels in the Dominion.
The New Daylight Method
KODAK
TANK
Developer
No CranK Turning During' Development
No DarK Room
'"T'MIRKK years of successful use have proven that the Kodak Developing Machines produce better negatives than were produced bv the old dark-room method. The Kokak TANK is an improvement on the machine.
Canadian KodaK Co., Limited
Circular at llu-
dealers, or l>v mail.
Toronto, Ont.
I'HONK 219 P.O. BOX 293
INSURANCE RKAI. ESTATK
CANDY (SL CO.
Edmonton, Alberta
Branch Office, Vegreville, where conveyance is kept for showing land. All inquiries receive prompt attention
FARMS and Ranches for sale Reliable information regarding the Great Canadian North-West (train and Mixed Farm- ing Belt.
The Seton-Smith Co.
P (>. Hox 368. EDMONTON, Alberta, Canada
Write us for I,ists. B<jok!etsand Crop Reports.
Farm
8
D«*«%«n*>*mr IN EDMONTON, the Heart of
rroperiy Au>erta.
WRITK t:s TO-I>A%'.
The Great West Land Company, Limited
DHAWI R "T," EDMONTON, AI<BKRTA
In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
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FIRE LIFE MARINE
Stewart (& Co.
INSURANCE
Special Agents Liverpool & London & Globe Insurance Co.
General Agents Maryland Casualty
Co. (Employers' Liability and
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Sovereign BanK Building MONTREAL, Que.
FIRE LIFE MARINE
G. A. FORBES
FINANCIER
AND
INVESTMENT BROKER Company Promoter and Organiser
SUITE fifi-67, C.UAKUIAN BUILDING TELEPHONE 3179 MAIN 16O St. James St. MONTREAL
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THE DISTRICT OF LACOMBE, ALBERTA |
A BOOK L,KT and map fle- "^*- scriptive and illustra- tive of this district will be mailed free to interested par- ties. Write to J. D. Skinner, Secretary Board of Trade, LACOMBE, Alta., Can. |
" RESOURCES "
DEVELOPED AND UNDEVELOPED OK BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
P U n I, I S H E D M O N T II I, Y
Vol. III. JULY, 1905
No. 7
SUBSCRIPTION
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countries within the Postal Union, postage pra-
paid, $1.25 a year (Five Shillings)
All subscriptions payable in advance
RESOURCES PUBLISHING CO., LIMITED, B 31 BOARD OF TRADE BriLDi.\*<;
MONTREAL, CANADA ENOLISH OFFICE, 5 HENRIETTA STREET
COVENT GARDEN, STRAND, LONDON, W.C.
Windsor
Ottawa, Canada
W
The Capital's Popular Hotel
#
AMERICAN PLAN
Rates. $2.00 and $2.50 per day
With Private Bath. $3.00
EmvAKD I,. PARKER
EDWARD C. RAWSON
\VII.I.IAM O. CUTTER
Parker, Rawson (& Cutter
Public Accountants
50 State Street, Room 50
BOSTON, Mass., U.S.A.
Canadian Government Land Script. FOR SALE
May be located on any Can- adian Government lands in Manitoba or North West Territories, open for home- steading-.
Address P. O. Box 326. WINNIPEG. MAN.
WE
WANT
PHOTOS
OPTIONS
American and Canadian Rails
For 3O. 6O & 9O Days
WRITE FOR PAMPHLET
London a Paris Exchange, Ltd.
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The winning picture and the name of the sender will be printed in the first number of "Resources" issued after each monthly contest.
In writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
RESOURCES
Follow the Trail
Lewis and ClarK Blazed
Northern Pacific^ Rail-way parallels it West to the Portland, Ore., Expo- sition, June l-Oct.'|15, 19O5. A graphic picture of -what the West has done, prepared in celebration of the exploits of the brave explorers of years ago.
Visit the Exposition. Sojourn en route in the Yellowstone National ParK, at the finest hotels in the West. See the Grand Canyon, hot spring's, g'eysers, -weird natural phe- nomena. Only a short journey to scenic AlasKa. An exhibition of absorbing interest and novelty — an in- terval of rare pleasure in America's " Wonderland magnificent mountain scenery — emerald laKes and streams — virgin forests — bracing air and sunshine — every com- fort and convenience. Travel on the
"NORTH COAST LIMITED"
CracK Train of the Northwest
Northern Pacific Railway
Booklets Four cents for " Lewis and Clark * A,' " <ix cents for "Wonderland," to A.M. Cleland, G.P.A., St. Paul, Minn. Information and Rates— Geo. Hardisty, D.P.A., Temple Bid*. St. James St., Montreal.
Entrance to Yellowstone ParK
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Province of Quebec Canada |
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Jther point in Canada offers as many dvantages for the establishment of |
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Manufacturing Plants. |
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Power in form of electrical current can be de- |
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livered in units to suit consumers. |
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Water power at prices lower than able elsewhere. |
obtain- |
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Electro CHemical Industries |
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ain special advantages. |
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Splendid Mill Sites Good Transportation Facilities |
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Shawii Montreal |
ligan Water ® POM |
rer Co. ~ Canada |
"Resources" Bureau of Information
'"TAH IS department of the paper was started in 1903 to deal with the numerous enquiries received at the office as soon as the first issue of the paper was pub- lished. For a small sum, to cover outlay, we send to any enquirer the following :
(1) Official reports of the Federal or Provincial Governments, including maps and reports of the Geological Survey :
(2) Information about the mineral, agricultural, timber, fishing, water-power and other re- sources of the country ;
(3) Advice as to sporting and fishing locations. TTl 7K make a special feature of information to intend-
* * ing settlers about the suitability of different locations fora homestead, also upon railway routesand rates to any part of Canada. We have a mass of in- formation in this office which cannot easily be printed in the magazine. We answer all letters with prompti- tude addressed to BUREAU OK INFORMATION,
'•RESOURCES" 831 BOARD OK TRADE BLDG, MONTREAL, CAN.
Personal enquirers can often be given more explicit informa- tion, as they can state their requirements more clearly in an interview than by letter. In either case KKSOUKCES can usually give, at all events, the preliminary facts required.
In writing advertisers plea.se mention RESOURCES
LONDON. KNG., CORRESPONDENTS
Messrs. J. S. Morgan & Co., London Joint Stock Bank, Limited,
Princess Street Union Discount Co. of London, Ltd.
HEAD OFFICE, - - TORONTO
Capital, Reserve Fund and Un- divided Profits, over $2, 000,000
Total Assets (301)1 June, 1905)
over 12,000,000
43
Branches in Canada
We solicit your Banking Business
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE, MONTREAL
DUNCAN M. STEWART,
General Manager.
MAIN OFFICE IN MONTREAL: 202 ST. JAMES ST.
W. GRAHAM BROWNE,
Manager.
DOMINION LINE
STEAMSHIPS
Montreal and Quebec to Liverpool
St. Lawrence Service
Proposed Passenger Sailings
SEASON 1005
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From Quebec 2 p.m., but await arrival of Saturday morning trains from Montreal when advised that there e* ~ passengers on board for the steamer, and provided train is not unduly delayed.
Passengers embark at Montreal after 8 o'olock evening previous to sailing date.
SS. " CANADA."
Land to Land in 4 days 13 hours
(Extract fiow Montreal Gazette, Aug
There is no stauncher or handsomer ocean steamship crossing the Atlantic than the Steamship "CANADA" of the Dominion Line, built by the celebrated shipbuilders, Messrs. Harland & Wolfe, Belfast, which arrived yesterday afternoon at i.io o'clock, after making the second fastest passage ever made from Inishowen Head to Father Point in 6 days, 5 hours, 31 minutes ; or 4 days and 13 hours from Inishowen Head to Belle Isle.
The "CANADA" is the fastest steamer coming to the St. Lawrence, and already holds the record of 5 days, 23 hours, 48 min- utes between Moville and Father Point.
FOR RATES OF PASSAGE AND OTHER INFORMATION APPI.Y TO
Dominion Line, St. Sacrament Street, Montreal, Que.
When writing advertisers please mention RESOURCES
PreMwork by Guertin Priming Co.