t^f O'^Co

NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-689

L'

2i^

^'^i r

&

'1^

^^ATES O^

Ocean Distribution of Stocks of
Pacific Salmon, Oncorhynchus spp.,
and Steelhead Trout, Salmo gairdnerii,
as Shown By Tagging Experiments

Charts of Tag Recoveries by Canada, Japan,
and tiie United States, 1956-69

ROBERT R. FRENCH, RICHARD G. BAKKALA,
and DOYLE F. SUTHERLAND

SEATTLE, WA
June 1975

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND / National Marine

ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION / Fisheries Service

NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS
National Marine Fisheries Service, Special Scientific Report— Fisheries Series

The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are to monitor and assess the abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to
understand and predict fluctuations in the quantity and distribution of these resources, and to establish levels for optimum use of the resources. NMFS is also charged with
the development and implementation of policies for managing national fishing grounds, development and enforcement of domestic fisheries regulations, surveillance of foreign
fishing off United States coastal waters, and the development and enforcement of international fishery agreements and policies, NMFS also assists the fishing industry through
marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage insurance and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on various phases of
the industry.

The Special Scientific Report— Fisheries series was established in 1949. The series carries reports on scientific investigations that document long-term contmuing programs
of NMFS, or intensive scientific reports on studies of restricted scope. The reports may deal with applied fishery problems. The series is also used as a medium for the publica-
tion of bibliographies of a specialized scientific nature.

NOAA Technical Reports NMFS SSRF are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both Federal and State. They are also available in exchange for
other scientific and technical publications in the marine sciences. Individual copies may be obtained (unless otherwise noted) from D83. Technical Information Division,
Environmental Science Information Center, NOAA, Washington. D.C. 20235. Recent SSRF's are:

619, Macrozooplankton and small nekton in the coastal waters off Vancouver Island
(Canada) and Washington, spring and fall of 1963. By Donald S, Day. January 1971. iii +
94 pp., 19 figs.. 13 tables.

635. A bibliography of the blackfin tuna. Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson), By Grant L.
Beardsley and David C. Simmons. August 1971. 10 pp. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S, Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

620. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot Study. Part DC: The sea-level wind field
and wind stress values. July 1963 to June 1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June 1970, iii + 66
pp., 5 figs.

636. Oil pollution on Wake Island from the tanker R C Stoner. By Reginald M.
Gooding. May 1971. iii + 12 pp., 8 figs., 2 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.

621. Predation by sculpins on fall chinook salmon. Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. fry of
hatchery origin. By Benjamin G, Patten. February 1971. iii + 14 pp.. 6 figs.. 9 tables.

622. Number and lengths, by season, of fishes caught with an otter trawl near Woods
Hole. Massachusetts. September 1961 to December 1962. By F. E. Lux and F. E. Nichy.
February 1971. iii + 15 pp.. 3 figs.. 19 tables.

623. Apparent abundance, distribution, and migrations of albacore. Thunnus alalunga,
on the North Pacific longline grounds. By Brian J. Rothschild and Marian Y. Y. Yong.
September 1970, v -f 37 pp.. 19 figs., 5 tables.

624. Influence of mechanical processing on the quality and yield of bay scallop meats. By
N. B. Webb and F. B. Thomas. April 1971, iii + U pp.. 9 figs., 3 tables.

637. Occurrence of larval, juvenile, and mature crabs in the vicinity of Beaufort Inlet.
North Carolina. By DonnieL. Dudley and Mayo H. Judy, August 19?1, iii + 10 pp., 1 fig.,
5 tables. For sale bv the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington, D.C. 20402.

638. Length-weight relations of haddock from commercial landings in New England,
1931-55. By Bradford E. Brown and Richard C. Hennemuth. August 1971. v + 13 pp.. 16
figs., 6 tables, 10 appendix A tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

639. A hydrographic sur\'ey of the Galveston Bay system. Texas 1963-66. By E. J. Pullen,
W. L.Trent, and G. B. Adams. October 1971. v -t- 13 pp., 15 figs., 12 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C.

20402.

625. Distribution of salmon and related oceanographic features in the North Pacific
Ocean, spring 1968. By Robert R. French, Richard G. Bakkala, Masanao Osako, and Jun
Ito. March 1971. iii + 22 pp., 19 figs., 3 tables.

626. Commercial fishery and biology of the freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium , in the
Lower St. Paul River. Liberia. 1952-53. By George C. Miller. February 1971, iii + 13 pp., 8
figs., 7 tables.

627. Calico scallops of the Southeastern United States. 1959-69. By Robert Cummins, Jr,
June 1971, iii + 22 pp.. 23 figs., 3 tables.

628. Fur Seal Investigations, 1969. By NMFS, Marine Mammal Biological Laboratory.
August 1971. 82 pp., 20 figs.. 44 tables, 23 appendix A tables. 10 appendix B tables.

629. Analysis of the operations of seven Hawaiian skipjack tuna fishing vessels, June-
August 1967. By Richard N. Uchida and Ray F, Sumida. March 1971, v + 25 pp.. 14 figs.,
21 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Of-
fice. Washington, D.C. 20402.

640. Annotated bibliography on the fishing industry and biolog>- of the blue crab.
Caltinectes sapidus. By Marlin E. Tagatz and Ann Bowman Hall. August 1971. 94 pp. For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. 20402.

641. Use of threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense, as live bait during experimental pole-
and-line fishing for skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis. in Hawaii. By Robert T. B.
Iversen, August 1971, iii + 10 pp., 3 figs., 7 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. DjC. 20402.

642. Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus resource and fishery — analysis of decline.
By Kenneth A. Henry. August 1971, v + 32 pp., 40 figs., 5 appendix figs., 3 Ubles. 2
appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Pfinting
Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

643. Surface winds of the southeastern tropical Atlantic Ocean. By John M. Steigner and
Merton C. Ingham. October 1971, iii + 20 pp., 17 figs. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

630. Blue crab meat. I. Preservation by freezing. July 1971, iii + 13 pp., 5 figs., 2 tables.
11, Effect of chemical treatments on acceptability. By Jurgen H. Strasser. Jean S. Lennon.
and Frederick J. King. July 1971, iii + 12 pp., 1 fig.. 9 tables.

631. Occurrence of thiaminaae in some common aquatic animals of the United States
and Canada. By R, A, Greig and R. H. Gnaedinger. July 1971, iii + 7 pp., 2 tables,

632. An annotated bibliography of attempts to rear the larvae of marine fishes in the
laboratory. By Robert C May, August 1971, iii + 24 pp., 1 appendix I table, 1 appendix II
table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington. D.C. 20402.

633. Blueing of processed crab meat. II, Identification of some factors involved in the
blue discoloration of canned crab meat Callinectes sapidus By Melvin E. Waters. May
1971. iii + 7 pp., 1 fig., 3 tables.

634. Age composition, weight, length, and sex of herring, Clupea pallasii. used for reduc-
tion in Alaska. 1929-66, By Gerald M. Reid. July 1971. iii + 25 pp.. 4 figs., 18 tables.

644. Inhibition of flesh browning and skin color fading in frozen fillets of yetloweye
snap()er iLutzanus vivanus). By Harold C. Thompson. Jr., and Mary H. Thompson.
February 1972, iii + 6 pp., 3 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.

645. Traveling screen for removal of debris from rivers. By Daniel W. Bates, Ernest W.
Murphey, and Martin G. Beam. October 1971. iii + 6 pp., 6 figs.. 1 table. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

646. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations in the Columbia and Snake Rivers in 1970 and
their effect on chinook salmon and steelhead trout. By Wesley J. Ebel. August 1971, iii + 7
pp., 2 figs., 6 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.

647. Revised annotated list of parasites from sea mammals caught off the west coast of
North America, By L. Margolis and M. D, Dailey, March 1972, iii + 23 pp. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C.
20402.

Continued on inside back cover.

NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-689

Ocean Distribution of Stocks of
Pacific Salmon, Oncorhynchus spp.,
and Steel head Trout, Sal mo gairdnerii,
as Shown By Tagging Experiments

Charts of Tag Recoveries by Canada, Japan,
and the United States, 1956-1969

ROBERT R. FRENCH, RICHARD G. BAKKALA,
and DOYLE F. SUTHERLAND

SEATTLE, WA
June 1975

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Roger C. B. Morton, Secretary

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND
ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
Robert M White. Administratof

National Marine
Fistiecies Service
Robert W Sctioning, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402

„0 MMOSf.,,,,

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec-
ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material
mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to NMFS, or
to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro-
motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends
or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned
herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly
the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS
publication.

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

Sockeye salmon 8

Coastal recoveries in year tagged 8

Asian stocks 8

West and east Kamchatka 9

North American stocks 9

Western Alaska 9

Central Alaska 9

Southeastern Alaska 9

British Columbia 9

Washington State 9

High-seas recoveries in year tagged 9

Coastal recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 9

Asian stocks 9

North American stocks 9

Northern and western Alaska 9

Central Alaska 9

Southeastern Alaska 10

British Columbia 10

High-seas recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 10

Chum salmon 28

Coastal recoveries in year tagged 28

Asian stocks 28

Japan and Kurile islands 28

Sakhalin Island, western and northern Okhotsk Sea coast 28

Kamchatka 28

Karaginskii to Anadyr River 28

North American stocks 29

Northern and western Alaska 29

Central Alaska 29

Southeastern Alaska 29

British Columbia 29

Washington and Oregon 29

High-seas recoveries in year tagged 30

Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea 30

Western North Pacific 30

Central and western North Pacific 30

Recoveries in years subsequent to tagging 30

Asian recoveries 30

North American recoveries 30

High-seas recoveries in years subsequent to tagging 30

Pink salmon 53

Coastal recoveries in year of tagging 53

Asian stocks 53

Honshu and Hokkaido islands to Okhotsk Sea 53

East Kamchatka to Siberian coast 53

North American stocks 53

Northern and western Alaska 54

Northeast Pacific coastal areas 54

High-seas recoveries in year tagged 54

Coastal recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 54

Coho salmon 67

Coastal recoveries in year tagged 67

Asian stocks 67

Sakhalin Island to west Kamchatka 67

East Kamchatka to the Siberian coast 67

iii

North American stocks 67

Northern and western Alaska 67

Northeast Pacific coastal areas 67

Washington coast to California 68

High-seas recoveries in years tagged 68

Coastal recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 68

Asian stocks 68

North American stocks 68

Cook Inlet to California 68

Chinook salmon 79

Coastal recoveries in year of tagging 79

Asian stocks 79

North American stocks 79

High-seas recoveries in year of tagging 79

Coastal recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 79

High-seas recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 79

Steelhead trout 84

Coastal recoveries in year of tagging 84

North American stocks 84

Coastal recoveries subsequent to year of tagging 84

Literature cited 89

Figures

1. Recovery areas in Asia 4

2. Recovery areas on the high seas 5

3. Recovery areas in North America 6

4. Recovery areas in southeastern Alaska, British Columbia, and Puget Sound 7

5. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in Asia and North America 11

6. Number of immature and maturing sockeye salmon tagged by Canada, Japan, and

the United States, 1956-71 12

7. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Asia 13

8. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Asia — Okhotsk Sea coast,

west Kamchatka, east Kamchatka, and Karaginskii-Anadyr River areas 14

9. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in North America 15

10. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Norton Sound and Kus-

kokwim River and in Togiak vicinity 16

11. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in the Nushagak vicinity . 16

12. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Naknek-Kvichak .... 17

13. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Egegik 17

14. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Ugashik 18

15. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered from south of the Alaska

Peninsula and Kodiak Island areas 18

16. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Cook Inlet, Prince

William Sound, and Copper and Bering rivers areas 19

17. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered from Yakutat to southeast-

ern Alaska 19

18. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Nass and Skeena rivers . 20

19. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in central British Columbia

and Rivers-Smith inlets 20

20. Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Fraser River, Strait of

Juan de Fuca, and Salmon Banks and in the Columbia River 21

21. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the Okhotsk and Bering seas 21

22. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the western North Pacific 22

23. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the central-western North Pacific and eastern North Pacific . 22

iv

24. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Kam-

chatka River and Karaginskii 23

25. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in North

America 23

26. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in north-

ern and western Alaska 24

27. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in south

of Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island and in Cook Inlet, Prince William Sound,
and Copper and Bering rivers areas 24

28. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in south-

eastern Alaska 25

29. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in north-

ern and central British Columbia and in southern British Columbia and Puget
Sound areas 25

30. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the Bering Sea subsequent to year

of tagging 26

31. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the western North Pacific sub-

sequent to year of tagging 26

32. Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the central-western North Pacif-

ic subsequent to year of tagging 27

33. Numbers of immature and maturing chum salmon tagged by Canada, Japan, and

the United States, 1956-71 31

34. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in Asia and North America 32

35. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Asia 33

36. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Honshu Island 34

37. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Hokkaido Island 34

38. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on the Kurile Islands 35

39. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in the Amur River 35

40. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Sakhalin Island 36

41. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Okhotsk Sea coast and

Shelekhova Bay areas 36

42. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in west Kamchatka 37

43. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in east Kamchatka 37

44. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Kamchatka River 38

45. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Karaginskii and Siberian

coast areas 38

46. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Anadyr River 39

47. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in North America 40

48. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Kotzebue and Norton

sounds 41

49. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Yukon and Kuskokwim

rivers 41

50. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Togiak and Nushagak

vicinities 42

51. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Naknek-Kvichak and in

Egegik and Ugashik areas 42

52. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered south of the Alaskan Penin-

sula and in Kodiak Island 43

53. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Cook Inlet and Prince

William Sound 43

54. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Icy Strait, Chatham, and

Petersburg districts 44

55. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Prince of Wales and Ketchi-

kan districts 44

56. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Queen Charlotte Islands,

Nass and Skeena rivers, and central British Columbia areas 45

57. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets, Fraser

River, and west coast of Vancouver Island 45

V

58. Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Puget Sound and on the

Washington-Oregon coast and Columbia River .46

59. Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the Okhotsk and Bering seas 46

60. Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the western North Pacific 47

61. Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity un-

known) recovered in the central-western North Pacific 47

62. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging on Honshu

and Hokkaido islands 48

63. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the

Kurile Islands, Japan Sea coast of USSR, Amur River, and Sakhalin Island
areas 48

64. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the

Okhotsk Sea coast, Shelekhova Bay, and west Kamchatka 49

65. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in east

Kamchatka, Karaginskii district, and Anadyr River 49

66. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging from Kot-

zebue Sound to Unimak Pass, south of Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island, and
Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound areas 50

67. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in south-

eastern Alaska and in British Columbia and Washington areas 50

68. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the Sea of Japan and Bering Sea sub-

sequent to year of tagging 51

69. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the western North Pacific subsequent

to year of tagging 51

70. Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the central-western North Pacific

subsequent to year of tagging 52

71. Numbers of immature and maturing pink salmon tagged by Canada, Japan, and the

United States, 1956-71 55

72. Tagging locations of pink salmon recovered in Asia and North America 56

73. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Asia 57

74. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Honshu and Hokkaido is-

lands, Kurile Islands, and Japan Sea coast of USSR and Amur River areas .... 58

75. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Sakhalin Island, Okhotsk

Sea coast, and Shelekhova Bay areas 58

76. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in west Kamchatka and in east

Kamchatka and Kamchatka River 59

77. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Karaginskii and on the

Siberian coast areas 59

78. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in North America 60

79. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Norton Sound and Yukon

River 61

80. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Kuskokwim River,

Nushagak vicinity, and Naknek-Kvichak 61

81. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Aleutian Islands and

south of the Alaska Peninsula 62

82. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Kodiak Island, Cook Inlet,

and Prince William Sound areas 62

83. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Icy Strait, Chatham, and

Petersburg districts 63

84. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Prince of Wales district,

Ketchikan district, and Queen Charlotte Islands 63

85. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Nass River, Skeena River,

and central British Columbia 64

86. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets. Queen

Charlotte-Johnstone straits to Fraser River, and Puget Sound 64

87. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Sea of Japan and

Okhotsk Sea and in the Bering Sea 65

vi

88. Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the western North Pacific

and central -western North Pacific 65

89. Tagging locations of pink salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Kodiak

Island, southeastern Alaska, Nass and Skeena rivers, and the Fraser River and
Salmon Banks 66

90. Numbers of immature and maturing coho salmon tagged by Canada, Japan, and the

United States, 1956-71 69

91. Tagging locations of coho salmon recovered in Asia and North America 70

92. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Asia 71

93. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Sakhalin Island, Okhotsk Sea

coast, and Shelekhova Bay; in west Kamchatka; and from east Kamchatka to Kara-
ginskii 72

94. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in North America 73

95. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Yukon River, the Kuskokwim

River, and the Nushagak vicinity and Ugashik 74

96. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered from south of the Alaska Peninsula,

Kodiak Island, and Cook Inlet 74

97. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Prince William Sound and

Copper and Bering rivers; Yakutat district; and southeastern Alaska-Icy Strait
district 75

98. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Chatham, Petersburg,

Prince of Wales, and Ketchikan districts 75

99. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Queen Charlotte Islands,

Nass River, Skeena River, and central British Columbia areas 76

100. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets. Queen

Charlotte-Johnstone straits. Strait of Georgia, and Fraser River-Strait of Juan de
Fuca (Canadian waters) 76

101. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the west coast of Vancouver

Island, Strait of Juan de Fuca (U.S. waters) and Salmon Banks, Skagit River-
Puget Sound, Washington coast, Columbia River, and Oregon and California coast
areas 77

102. Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the western North Pacific

and central North Pacific 77

103. Tagging locations of coho salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Cook

Inlet and Copper and Bering rivers; southeastern Alaska; Queen Charlotte Islands
and northern British Columbia to Rivers-Smith inlets; and Johnstone Strait to
Puget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca areas 78

104. Tagging locations of coho salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the west

coast of Vancouver Island, Washington coast and Columbia River, Oregon coast,
and California coast areas 78

105. Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered in Asia and North America 80

106. Tagging locations of maturing chinook salmon recovered in Togiak vicinity and

Egegik; southeastern Alaska; and northern British Columbia to Rivers-Smith
inlets 81

107. Tagging locations of maturing chinook salmon recovered from Queen Charlotte-

Johnstone straits to the Fraser River; Skagit River and Puget Sound; and Washing-
ton-Oregon coasts 81

108. Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered in the Bering Sea (immature) and

western North Pacific (maturity unknown) 82

109. Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the

Yukon River, Kuskokwim River, Nushagak vicinity, and southeastern Alaska ... 82

110. Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging from

northern British Columbia to Rivers-Smith inlets; west coast Vancouver Island,
Fraser River, and Puget Sound; and Washington-Oregon coasts 83

111. Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the

Bering Sea, western North Pacific, and central- western North Pacific 83

112. Tagging locations of steelhead trout recovered in North America 85

113. Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in North America 86

vii

114. Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in the Nass River, Skeena

River, and central British Columbia and Rivers-Smith inlets 86

115. Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in Johnstone Strait to Puget

Sound, Washington coast, and Columbia River areas 87

116. Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered from the coasts of Oregon

and California 87

117. Tagging locations of immature steelhead trout recovered subsequent to year of

tagging in Nass River, Skeena River, Queen Charlotte-Johnstone straits;
Washington coast and Columbia River; and Oregon and California coasts 88

Tables

1. Code numbers for the geographical areas from which tagged fish were recovered 3

2. Recoveries during year of tagging and in subsequent years for Pacific salmon and

steelhead trout tagged offshore in the North Pacific Ocean by Canada, Japan, and the
United States, 1956-69 5

vni

Ocean Distribution of Stocks of Pacific Salmon,

Oncorhynchus spp., and Steelhead Trout,

Salmo gairdnerii, as Shown by Tagging Experiments

Charts of Tag Recoveries by Canada, Japan, and
the United States, 1956-69

ROBERT R. FRENCH,' RICHARD G. BAKKALA,' and DOYLE F. SUTHERLANDi 2

ABSTRACT

Extensive tagging experiments by member nations of the International North Pacific Fish-
eries Commission — Canada, Japan, and the United States — have been conducted in offshore
waters of the North Pacific Ocean to investigate the ocean distribution of stocks of Pacific
salmon, Oncorhynchus spp. This effort has resulted in the recovery of 15,215 tags including
steelhead trout, Salmo gairdnerii, from inshore and high-seas areas. To provide a reference by
which the offshore distribution of the various stocks can be readily seen as shown by tagging
results through 1969, the tagging locations at sea are illustrated for each species and recovery
area.

INTRODUCTION

The Canadian National Section of the International
North Pacific Fisheries Commission (INFPC) provid-
ed a list (Aro, Thomson, and Giovando 1971a, 1971b)'
of all tag recoveries of Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus
spp., and steelhead trout, Salmo gairdnerii, reported
by the three member nations of the Com-
mission— Canada, Japan, and the United States. This
impressive listing of 15,215 tag recoveries includes
basic biological data for each fish and lists recoveries
by areas and subareas of the Asian and North
American continents and also by oceanic areas of the
North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea, and
Sea of Japan. The extremely valuable and useful
listing has prompted us to prepare charts showing the
tagging locations on the high seas of returns to the
various inshore areas. The atlas will provide a
reference by which the high-seas distribution (as

'Northwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service,
NCAA, 272.5 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112.

'Present address: Northeast Fisheries Center Panama City
Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Panama
City, FL 32401.

'Aro, K. v., A. Thomson, and D. P. Giovando. 1971a. Re-
coveries of salmon tagged offshore in the North Pacific Ocean by
Canada, .Japan, and the United States, 1956 to 1969. Fish. Res.
Board Can., Manuscr. Rep. No. 1147, 493 p.

Aro, K. v., A. Thomson, and D. P. Giovando. 1971b. Summaries
of salmon tag recoveries in North Pacific coastal and high seas areas
from salmon tagging in INPFC Statistical Areas in the North
Pacific Ocean by Canada, .Japan, and the United States, 1956 to
1969. Fish. Res. Board Can., Manuscr. Rep. No. 1148, 641 p.

shown by results from tagging up to 1969) of any of the
several species and many stocks of Asian and North
American salmon and steelhead trout can be quickly
determined by examination of the appropriate figure.

Application of the tag and recovery method to the
identification and distribution of salmon and
steelhead trout stocks on the high seas has as its basis
the strong tendency of the fish to return to their home
stream to spawn. When a fish is caught in coastal or
inland waters in an advanced state of sexual maturi-
ty, it is assumed to have originated from that area.
The possibility of individual fish straying to other
areas or being intercepted enroute to its home stream
cannot be fully discounted. Such instances are be-
lieved to be few in number and probably have little
effect on the general pattern of distribution revealed
by the data.

The origins of Pacific salmon and steelhead trout
tagged offshore and recovered offshore are not known.
They are included as added information on the spatial
distribution of each species on the high seas.

The oceanic distribution of the various stocks as
revealed by the recovery of tagged fish is based solely
on their location (within 1° lat. X 1° long.) at the time
of tagging. Although their spatial movement prior to
tagging and subsequent to tagging until time of recap-
ture is not known, a general profile of the oceanic dis-
tribution of the major stocks may be constructed from
the recovery data. For some stocks sufficient numbers
of fish were recovered from tagging over broad areas to
show progressive changes in population density from
high to low abundance; reliable conclusions, however.

regarding centers of population and distribution are
dependent upon further analysis of tagging effort. In-
formation on tagging effort is shown for those salmon
species (sockeye, chum, pink, and coho) for which it
was available. These tagging effort data are not
directly applicable to the tag recovery information,
however, since the available effort data cover a longer
series of years (1956-71) than do the recoveries (1956-
69). They do serve to illustrate the numbers tagged in
relation to the number of recoveries from various
areas. The numbers tagged in 1970-71 were a small
proportion of the total numbers tagged from 1956 to
1969.

For many of the minor stocks the recoveries of
tagged fish simply reveal their occurrence at certain
locations in offshore waters. Because salmon tagging
experiments were primarily performed in spring and
summer months, conclusions inferred about their dis-
tribution apply to those periods.

The recovery area designations defined by Cana-
dian scientists (Aro et al. 1971a, see footnote 3) are
retained in this atlas. To reduce the number of figures
to practical levels, certain recovery areas were
grouped into a single area. The original tag recovery
areas are listed in Table 1 and shown in Figures 1-4.
Numbers of recoveries are summarized in Table 2.

For each species, those fish recovered in coastal
areas in the same year in which they were tagged are
presented first. These recoveries in Asia and North
America were sexually maturing at the time and place
of tagging; the tagging locations provide information
on distribution and migration of the fish during their
final spring and summer at sea.

Tagging returns presented second for each species
are those made on the high seas in year of tagging.
The maturity of sockeye, 0. nerka; chum, 0. keta;
and chinook, 0. tshawytscha, salmon recovered at sea
is generally known except in instances where weight or
stage of gonad development was not recorded. The
fish of unknown maturity may, therefore, be destined

to remain at sea another year or more or they may be
on their inshore migration to spawn. Pink, 0. gor-
buscha, and coho, 0. kisutch, salmon are generally all
mature at capture since immature forms are too small
to be taken in commercial fishing gear used on the
high seas. High-seas recoveries come from the
Japanese mothership and land-based salmon fisheries
which operate in the North Pacific Ocean and Bering
Sea west of long. 175°W; the mothership fleet also
operated in the Okhotsk Sea prior to 1959, which ac-
counts for the few recoveries there. The distribution of
tag returns, therefore, is largely dependent upon the
time-space distribution of the mothership fleet. The
Japanese offshore fishing area has been divided into
five tag recovery areas (Fig. 2), the Sea of Japan,
Okhotsk Sea, Bering Sea, the western Pacific Ocean
west of long. 165°E, and the North Pacific Ocean
south of the central and western Aleutian Islands
between long. 175°W and 165°E.

The third series of charts for each species shows the
tag recoveries subsequent to year of tagging which
represent fish that were immature when tagged. Sur-
vival of the smaller immature fish is less than that for
maturing fish and hence recoveries are much fewer.
The oceanic distribution of immatures is therefore not
as well illustrated by tagging as that for maturing
salmon. Tagging of immatures took place mainly in
the summer although some were tagged in the spring.
The location of fish at time of tagging, therefore,
mainly represents waters they inhabit during the
summer.

Finally, for species in which data are available, we
have shown the high-seas recoveries in years subse-
quent to tagging. These fish were, of course, immature
at tagging and may or may not have been mature at
recovery.

In the sections which follow we show tag recoveries
by species and by geographical area of recovery. A key
to the species is provided on the margin to facilitate
locating charts for a particular species.

Table 1.— Code numbers for the geographical areas from which tagged fish were recovered.'

Area
number

Geographical area of tag recovery

Area
number

Geographical area of tag recovery

Asia (see Fig. 1)

01 Honshu Island

02 Hokkaido Island

03 Kurile Islands

04 Japan Sea coast of USSR, south of Reineke Island

05 Amur River

06 Sakhalin Island

07 Okhotsk Sea coast, Reineke Island to Cape Tolstoi

08 Shelekhova Bay, Cape Tolstoi to Cape Yuzhnyi

09 West Kamchatka, south of Cape Yuzhnyi

10 East Kamchatka, south of Cape Afrika

11 Kamchatka River

12 Karaginskii District, Cape Afrika to Cape

Olyutorskii

13 Siberian coast, north of Cape Olyutorskii

14 Anadyr River

15 USSR - Unknown

18 Asian coast - Other

19 Asian coast - Unknown

High Seas (see Fig. 2)

20 Sea of Japan

21 Okhotsk Sea

22 Bering Sea, west of long. 170°E

23 Bering Sea, long. 170°E-175°E

24 Bering Sea, long. 175°E-180°E

25 Bering Sea, 180°-175°W

26 Bering Sea, east of long. 175°W

27 North Pacific, south of lat. 48°N and west of long.

165°E

28 North Pacific, south of lat. 48°N, long. 165°E-

175''W

29 North Pacific, north of lat. 48°N and west of long.

160°E

30 North Pacific, north of lat. 48°N, long. 160°E-

les^E

31 North Pacific, north of lat. 48°N, long. 165°E-

170°E

32 North Pacific, north of lat. 48''N, long. 170°E-

175°E

33 North Pacific, north of lat. 48°N, long. 175°E-

180°

34 NorthPacific, north of lat. 48°N, long. 180°-

175°W

35 North Pacific, long. 145°W-160°W

37 North Pacific, north of lat. 50°N and east of long.

145°W

38 North Pacific, south of lat. 50°N and east of long.

145°W

39 High Seas - Unknown

Alaska (see Figs. 3, 4)

40 North of Cape Prince of Wales, Kotzebue Sound

41 Norton Sound Area, Cape Prince of Wales to

Stuart Island

42 Yukon River

43 Yukon River to Kuskokwim River, Cape Romanzof

to Cape Avinof

44 Kuskokwim River and Bay

45 Togiak vicinity, Cape Newenham to Cape Constantine

46 Nushagak vicinity

47 Naknek-Kvichak

48 Egegik

49 Ugashik

50 Ugashik to Unimak Pass, north side of Alaska

Peninsula

51 Bristol Bay - Unknown, somewhere within areas

45-49

52 Aleutian Islands, west of Unimak Pass

53 South side of Alaska Peninsula, west of long.

159°W

54 South side of Alaska Peninsula, east of long. 159° W

55 Kodiak Island, Shelikof Strait side

56 Kodiak Island, Gulf of Alaska side

57 Cook Inlet, Cape Douglas to Gore Point

58 Southeast side Kenai Peninsula, Gore Point to

Cape Fairfield

59 Prince William Sound, Cape Fairfield to Point

Steele, Hinchinbrook Island

60 Copper River and Bering River

61 Yakutat District

62 Southeastern Alaska, Icy Strait District

63 Southeastern Alaska, Chatham District

64 Southeastern Alaska, Petersburg District

65 Southeastern Alaska, Prince of Wales District

66 Southeastern Alaska, Ketchikan District

67 Southeastern Alaska - Unknown

68 Alaska - Other

69 Alaska - Unknown

British Columbia (see Fig. 4)

70 Queen Charlotte Islands

71 Nass River

72 Skeena River

73 Central British Columbia

74 Rivers Inlet and Smith Inlet

75 Queen Charlotte Strait and Johnstone Strait

76 Strait of Georgia

77 Fraser River and Strait of Juan de Fuca, Canadian

waters

78 West coast of Vancouver Island

79 British Columbia - Other and Unknown

Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California (see Figs. 3, 4)

80 Strait of Juan de Fuca, United States waters

81 Salmon Bank

82 Skagit River

83 Puget Sound

84 Outer Washington coast, south of Cape Flattery

85 Columbia River, including entire Columbia River

drainage

89 Washington State - Unknown

90 Oregon, excluding Columbia River drainage

91 California

Other areas

98 North America coast - Unknown

99

Entirely unknown

'This area listing is taken from Aro et al. 1971a, 1971b (see text footnote 3).

3

<
3

m
a
e

o

I40.E 150^1 i60-E ITO-E 160' JTO'VD 160-W ISQ-W 140-W 130-W IgO'V

Figure 2. — Recovery areas on the high seas.

Table 2.— Recoveries during year of tagging and in subsequent years for Pacific
salmon and steelhead trout tagged offshore in the North Pacific Ocean by Canada,
Japan, and the United States, 1956-69 (from Aro et al. 1971a, see text footnote 3).

Recovery period

United States

and species

Canada

Japan

FRI'

ADFG'

Total

Recoveries in

tagging year

Sockeye

2,203

853

2,730

29

5,815

Chum

374

750

884

16

2,024

Pink

1,214

1,420

2,128

463

5,225

Coho

245

83

373

95

796

Chinook

22

3

47

2

74

Steelhead

37
4,095

12

6,174

49

Total

3,109

605

13,983

Recoveries in

years

subsequent to tagging year

Sockeye

32

77

379

488

Chum

20

91

349

460

Pink

64

54

Coho

178

1

179

Chinook

1

7

27

35

Steelhead

9
62

7
994

16

Total

175

1

1,232

Grand total

4,157

3,284

7,168

606

15,215

'Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington.
^Alaska Department of Fish and Game.

I60«W

I50»W

I40»W

I30«W

I20*W

CANADA

60»N

50»N

40»N

Figure 3. — Recovery areas in North America (inset enlarged in Fig. 4).

I40*W

I35»W

20»W
60"N

SS'N

50'N

Figure 4. — Recovery areas in southeastern Alaska, British Columbia, and Puget Sound.

SOCKEYE SALMON

Figures 5-32

Sockeye salmon are found in Asia, principally in
river systems of the Kamchatka Peninsula, and in
North America in river systems from northern and
western Alaska, south-eastward to the Columbia
River in the State of Washington (Margolis et al.
1966). It is generally recognized that the total abun-
dance of North American sockeye salmon is greater
than that of Asian sockeye salmon (Kasahara 1961). It
might be expected, therefore, that in tagging experi-
ments made throughout the North Pacific Ocean and
Bering Sea where sockeye salmon occur, most of the
recoveries would be from North American streams.

Total coastal recoveries of sockeye salmon (Fig. 6)
show that most of the releases were made in areas
along the Aleutian Islands and in the northeastern
Pacific Ocean. The recoveries reflect the main tagging
effort which was concentrated along the Aleutian
Islands by the United States (mainly work done by
the Fisheries Research Institute, University of
Washington) and in the northeastern Pacific by the
United States and Canada (Fig. 5). The recoveries
also illustrate rather well the distribution of sockeye
salmon at sea. From south to north the tag returns
show that sockeye salmon were distributed from near
lat. 46°N in the North Pacific to near lat. 59°N in the
Bering Sea. The east-west distribution extends from
the North American coast to the Kamchatka Penin-
sula in the North Pacific; in the Bering Sea, recoveries
were primarily from tagging areas in the southeastern
part of the Bering Sea.

Coastal Recoveries in Year Tagged

Asian stocks (Figs. 7, 8).— The distribution of
maturing sockeye salmon from Asian streams (Fig. 7)
as reflected by the release locations and coastal
recoveries is confined to waters west of long. 179° W in
the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Southern limits of
distribution were near lat. 46°N.

West and East Kamchatka. — The distribution of
sockeye salmon returning to Kamchatka is illustrated
in Figure 8. Stocks from the east and west coasts of
Kamchatka (including three recoveries made in the
area from the Okhotsk Sea coast and Shelekhova Bay)
were from similar tagging areas of the ocean. This, as
explained above for all Asian stocks, was the
northwestern Pacific Ocean mainly west of long.
175°E. Included with the tagging locations of the east
Kamchatka stocks are locations of four fish that were
recovered along the Bering Sea coast from the
Karaginskii District to the Anadyr River, which show-
ed a similar distribution to the Kamchatkan stocks.

North American stocks (Figs. 9-20).— North
American sockeye salmon stocks, on the basis of

coastal tag recoveries, were widespread in the North
Pacific (Fig. 9). Coastal recoveries came from tagging
areas near lat. 46°N in the northeastern Pacific, as far
west as the vicinity of long. 166°E in the northwestern
Pacific and from near lat. 58°N in the central Bering
Sea. The largest number of recoveries came from tagg-
ing areas off the Aleutian Islands and in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean.

Western Alaska. — Recoveries in western Alaska
are illustrated according to various salmon producing
systems. The few Norton Sound and Kuskokwim River
sockeye salmon recoveries generally came from tag-
ging off the Aleutian Islands (Fig. 10). One fish came
from the Gulf of Alaska. The distributions of tagged
fish that were recovered in the important and major
spawning systems of Bristol Bay (Togiak, Nushagak,
Naknek-Kvichak, Egegik, and Ugashik rivers) are
shown in Figures 10-14. In general each river system
shows the same oceanic distribution with most
recoveries coming from tagging areas along the Aleu-
tian Islands and the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The
westernmost tagged fish that was recovered in western
Alaska was recovered in the Egegik area; this fish was
tagged at long. 166°51'E-lat. 50°47'N. The eastern-
most tagged fish recovered in western Alaska were
from the Nushagak area; these were tagged near long.
140°W.

Central Alaska. — Recoveries on the south side of
the Alaska Peninsula east of long. 159°W, which in-
cludes the Chignik area (Fig. 15), came mainly from
tagging in the Gulf of Alaska.

Kodiak Island recoveries (Fig. 15) came from a
slightly broader area of the Gulf of Alaska and
northeastern Pacific Ocean than those from the south
side of the Alaska Peninsula. The southernmost tag-
ging point producing a recovery in Kodiak Island was
at lat. 46°N (at long. 159°30'W). Two recoveries on
Kodiak Island were tagged as far west as the waters off
the central Aleutian Islands, near long. 176°W.

Cook Inlet recoveries (Fig. 16) were from tagging
primarily in the northeastern Pacific Ocean and Gulf
of Alaska north of lat. 50°N and east of long. 156°W.
Four recoveries were from tagging south of the eastern
Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula. Tag
recoveries in Prince William Sound came primarily
from releases in the Gulf of Alaska (Fig. 16). These
fish showed a more restricted distribution at time of
tagging compared to other central Alaskan stocks.
The majority of returns were from releases north of
lat. 55°N. One recovery did come from as far south as
lat. 49°N (at long. 140° W). Recoveries in Copper and
Bering rivers showed a slightly broader ocean dis-
tribution than the Prince William Sound fish (Fig.
16), but most also came from releases north of lat.
55°N. These fish were also distributed mainly in the
northern Gulf of Alaska compared to Cook Inlet and
Kodiak Island stocks which were distributed farther
to the south.

Southeastern Alaska. —Recovery areas within
southeastern Alaska, including the Yakutat area,
have been combined in one chart (Fig. 17). Most
recoveries came from tagging north of lat. 50°N and
east of long. 155°W. A small group of recoveries was
from the area between lat. 46° N and 49° N and
between long. 153°W and 161 °W. Three recoveries
came from as far west as waters off the central Aleu-
tian Islands near long. 175°W, indicating extensive
migrations for some of these fish at least in some
years.

British Columbia. — Recoveries in British Colum-
bia from offshore tagging were shown according to the
major sockeye salmon producing areas (Figs. 18-20).
Nass River recoveries (Fig. 18) were virtually all from
tagging in the Gulf of Alaska east of long. 155°W and
north of lat. 52°N. A single recovery came from the
central Aleutian Islands area, long. 176°42'W and lat.
49°47'N. Skeena River tag recoveries were from
offshore areas similar to those of the Nass River with
the exception that Skeena River fish extended
somewhat farther south (Fig. 18). Central British
Columbia recoveries (Fig. 19) came from high-seas
areas somewhat farther south than those of the Nass
and Skeena rivers but showed generally the same dis-
tribution. The distribution of fish from Rivers and
Smith inlets (Fig. 19) was similar to that of recoveries
in central British Columbia, and the center of tag
abundance for these areas was south of Nass and
Skeena river stocks. Additional recoveries came from
tagging around Vancouver Island. A single recovery
from tagging at approximately long. 165°W (at lat.
49°N) was the second westernmost point of tagging for
a recovery in British Columbia.

Sockeye salmon from the Fraser River, including
recoveries made in the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the
Salmon Banks fishing area (U.S. waters in northern
Puget Sound), are shown in Figure 20. The ocean dis-
tribution of these fish primarily was the central part
of the northeastern Pacific, with most recoveries com-
ing from tagging between lat. 47°N and 56°N and
between long. 139°W and 155°W. The westernmost
tagging point for Fraser River fish was near long.
164°W (at about lat. 49°N). Although the distribution
of important British Columbia sockeye salmon stocks
overlapped in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, the
center of abundance of the various stocks from north-
to-south in the ocean appeared to be related to the
north-to-south geographical location of their spawn-
ing region.

Washington State. — A small number of sockeye
salmon of the Columbia River (a relatively minor
stock) were recovered from scattered tagging locations
in the northeastern Pacific (Fig. 20). These fish ex-
tended north to approximately lat. 55°30'N (at long.
144°W) and westward to about long. 153°W (at lat.
49°N).

High-Seas Recoveries in Year Tagged

High-seas recoveries of tagged sockeye salmon in
the year tagged (almost all by the Japanese
mothership salmon fishing fleet) are shown grouped in
large divisions of the ocean. Recoveries in the Okhotsk
and Bering seas (Fig. 21) were primarily of salmon
tagged off the central Aleutian Islands, although a few
came from tagging locations in the Bering Sea and the
northwestern Pacific Ocean. Recoveries in the western
North Pacific (Fig. 22) were mainly of salmon tagged
within the area or adjacent to it. One recovery was
made of a fish tagged as far east as long. 159° W at lat.
48°30'N. Recoveries made in the central and western
North Pacific (recovery areas 28, 31-34) and including
four recoveries made east of long. 175° W (areas 35-38)
were mainly from tagging locations in the central and
western North Pacific (Fig. 23). Three fish recovered
in this area came from the northeastern Pacific at
long. 143°W (at lat. 50°N) and long. 144°W (at lat.
48°N).

Coastal Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

Recoveries of tagged sockeye salmon in coastal
areas subsequent to year of tagging indicate beyond
doubt that the fish were immature at time of tagging.
Recoveries, therefore, provide some insight into the
distribution of the salmon as immatures.

Asian stocks (Fig. 24). — Only three sockeye
salmon recoveries were made in Asia subsequent to
the year of tagging. Two fish recovered in the
Kamchatka River were tagged south of Adak Island
and south of Kiska Island (Fig. 24). Another fish,
recovered in the Karaginskii District, was tagged near
long. 164°E and lat. 49°N.

North American stocks (Figs. 25-29).— North
American recoveries of tagged fish subsequent to the
year of tagging were much more numerous than Asian
recoveries and came from broad areas of the ocean
(Fig. 25). The two main areas contributing to the
recoveries were in the northeastern Pacific Ocean and
off the Aleutian Islands.

Northern and western AUiska. — Most western
Alaska recoveries of sockeye salmon tagged as im-
matures came from tagging near the central Aleutian
Islands (Fig. 26). A few were from the northeastern
Pacific Ocean in the general vicinity of lat. 50°N and
long. 150°W, and some returns were from taggings in
the Bering Sea. These recoveries illustrated that im-
mature sockeye salmon from western Alaska inhabit
broad areas of the ocean much the same as the matur-
ing fish from this area.

Central Alaska. — The area south of the Alaska
Peninsula and Kodiak Island (Fig. 27) produced

recoveries from tagging as far west as the central Aleu-
tian Islands (south of Adak Island) and from the
northeastern Pacific Ocean as far south as lat.
47°50'N (at long. 145°W). Recoveries in the areas of
Cook Inlet, Prince William Sound, and Copper and
Bering rivers subsequent to year of tagging (Fig. 27)
were from tagging off the central Aleutian Islands
(four recoveries) and from the central part of the
northeastern Pacific (between long. 143°W and
157°W and between lat. 47°N and 52°N).

Southeastern Alaska. — Southeastern Alaska
recoveries of fish tagged as immatures were from three
widely scattered areas (Fig. 28). Three recoveries
came from tagging in the central Aleutian Islands
area, four recoveries from the northeastern Pacific
Ocean, and two recoveries from near coastal areas.

British Columbia. — Tag recoveries in northern
and central British Columbia subsequent to year of
tagging came from the same three general areas as
southeastern Alaska returns (Fig. 29). A number of
fish were from releases in the northeastern Pacific,
five fish came from tagging in the central Aleutian
Islands area and five fish from the coastal areas of the
northern Gulf of Alaska. The last named fish were
tagged as juveniles (age .0) in August during their first
summer at sea and indicated a northwestward move-
ment of the juveniles during their first summer at sea
as pointed out by Hartt et al. (1969).

With Fraser River recoveries (Fig. 29) we have add-
ed recoveries around Vancouver Island, the Strait of
Juan de Fuca, and Puget Sound inasmuch as most of
these fish were probably Fraser River stock which is
by far the most important stock in this area. These
recoveries came from tagging along the southeastern
Alaska coast, from near Prince William Sound, from
near Kodiak Island (all tagged as age .0 fish), and
from the central part of the northeastern Pacific. The
recovery location of the fish tagged as juveniles

further indicates the long northwestward migration of
the fish during their first summer at sea.

In general the distribution of various stocks of
sockeye salmon from river systems entering the
northeastern Pacific Ocean as immatures in the
spring and summer was south of their distribution as
maturing fish the following spring. The tagging
locations illustrate the long migrations made by the
stocks as immatures. Although maturing stocks from
central Alaska and from southeastern Alaska and
British Columbia were distributed primarily in the
northeastern Pacific in the spring, recoveries of fish
tagged in the central Aleutian Islands area as im-
matures indicated extreme westward migrations of
some elements of the stocks some years.

High-Seas Recoveries Subsequent to Year of
Tagging

High-seas tag recoveries of immature sockeye
salmon were grouped by major ocean areas.
Recoveries in the Bering Sea (areas 22 and 26) came
primarily from tagging off the Aleutian Islands, most-
ly south of Adak Island; two fish were from tagging
near the east Kamchatka coast. One fish was from a
tagging experiment near long. 162°W and lat. 48°N
(Fig. 30). Recoveries in the western North Pacific
Ocean (areas 27, 29, and 30) (Fig. 31) were mainly
from tagging around the western Aleutian Islands and
off the eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula;
four recoveries were from tagging south of Adak
Island. The recoveries in the central and western
North Pacific (areas 28, 31-34), which produced the
most recoveries, were again mainly from tagging off
the Aleutian Islands chain with a few recoveries from
the western Bering Sea and northwestern Pacific (Fig.
32). Three fish were recovered from tagging in the north-
eastern Pacific. A single tag recovery (not shown)
was made on the high seas east of long. 175° W and lat.
50°32'N, which was tagged south of Adak Island.

10

(,

b

(0

IS

g

in

4

0

in

fO

?

3°

w

' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ■ ' 1 1 ^ , , , , 1 . . . . _^

^111

/I

~ii97»r'^ '

^

;

pt&rv/

^^

;:5

VjOrfr'

■~-

•Cra

-

: i

jtfH*

^i*'-'

B

-, *^

-n=^

•

s

< UJ

n/-

- -,

—

1

r^>-

«1 I 1

—

H

I^'~ -

^

iSP"^

CM

?^

<M -

—

^ o >2^

ST

!^

OD OD

~ -

<8 :f^

ns ifi

a> j6

.nii

^

—

—

—

—

—

_

—

—

—

oo' m i

fijin'vs

rj'a

*

CM

—

—

—

—

■~-

~

—

—

'

'<

'\n

— tn

.^S 5:

ro

t,

o

t/

-: B

e S R R

—

J*

i is > ifi

i E S > a

tn

—

'>fl

ti g <T.

= ~ .n

— r^

— ■ _

—

'*■ -o 2 s 5?

??!5^5

r^ CO

|CM

— .« " a s

» 2 B

— *

.n

^ <

' 1 J

i

;~ '.5. a

OJ

tn

—

/

^*fc:s:s:a

= S '^

ia r^

r-

—

1

'fe.

— ro t^J 0>

csj m

fi

_

—

7!

«r

'-:SI'= «

«:=!.«

2> CD

<n tf)

J^

—

>S S

r* cj

aj.s

m lo

•

o

^ «j*

=

n; 4

n £ S

!« ■-

♦

In

V

A

oj'e

Se!^:*

2J m

t« CM

fO

< \

>>

ja

' f^

»0 fO

M> «

— CM

CM

V. «-«rH

±'lbl

= O^ »

I^i «"

«0

CM

if> \J>Z^'*

» ^ s

rf> s

—

V

n ▼

CD m

47* <T»

^^^K>

to

vT '~

tr>

a> r>>

'-'cm

V -

m —

—

(0 — tn

fO

r- »

CM f^

CM m r- CM

„

1
" 1

1*

1

u>

tf>

•

o

7

r

in

—

,j*^'j2

'fO

00 cm! m ^

CM rt

^

CO ^ -*

i

(M

—

yii) ^

^

CM

*

U>

CM

ro

1

) 1

— ' Rj

\,

K*

—

' 1

( ts:

.A

^

is

-

V

iO

1

■M !

/.^ ~ -

OD ro

1

'

m

I / 1

X

—

^i''*! :-

u

—

^^'^^

^

1 rt.

t\(

r^

^^R

CM

e

o

/>

■WW

l^i

-,i

1

. h-

^ r

il. !2;<n

|K»

?(

to

1

—

CM' —

ft«,

«

10

F!

^

—

?-

—

—

--

1

CVi

».

^ 1

&!«0

—

—

'^

P.'*

CM

7

CM

CM

m

K>^

ff-

—

w

fr-C

*|

—

)o

|?=

j

^

♦

•

o

(O

op

—

'

\

>

>

?-

' j

—

Ir'

J

, ,

r

i

tvj

i

s'

]

1

\ •

—

—

1

^

V

—

— to

'^^

j

>

L

_ —

V.

•,

— —

1

\

r*

"<M

, —

^

^

CM

p

-

>

♦

0

—

to

—

*

^

(

1

V

'

—

'

—

- fe^i^

^

—

CM

K>

—

■

1

CM

ro

—

ro

—

■

;

' w

_

m

CM

—

VJI^k v»r^

I

r*

-

-

-

^rV^^r*^

—

-

N^

<Brf

T

—

_

—

»

o

(0

e«.r*

\

V.

—

\

n

>

1

m^

'

I

L,

V

—

1

V

L .^

mf^

»

in —

-

V

V-

^^

m

■^

'

Jl

1

"l ■

i

1

—

.

•■

o

-

£1

•

/!|

• \

!?<

LA

1

K

1

1.

'

4)

U

1

^

'

L-

'^ 1

/

s

'

"tfT ^

7' I

s.

^^

P'U^

n

■>,

s

jk^^^

t 1

0

o

X

'tj

'-J-

f -

^

^S

X

^

-]

N

-

^ -«

rr^i"^

■^

*b

Ss,

h

_<

>\

>

. Q*d*

V

\

crM

\Tr* "^

L,

^

>

1 1

\/ ^

\

\

i^

\ i t

^

4

\

>

{^

0

o

1 III

V.

1 r T 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

i I 1 i

. I2

o
Z

<
.S

%
%

u

s
o

«

•a

I

11

12

h

o

s s s

o \n o _
* Kl fSS •,

N

_j — 1_J — i 1 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 ^ ■ 1

z' i

a A ' J_

_<-i/

^

f^^

.•

O

f

-S

I>-^'^I A

I ->^

f ..j<sS^

^ Jj^

i'^^

■<j^^^

^^

i —

W

f.

O

2

^

—

2

— 1

—

1
<

_

.

—

■ h-

,

-

1

•

o

- ^ 51 "^

j

s

m

s

<

^"^

^^ n

1

s

r^

'\1

. < "^

CA) ^

S;

<r \i>-

\_

^

s

' —

a^

O
(D

\5

^ ,

to

% . ^

f

— .*

\ L

' —

V ±:

I

—ur-^

s&£

i;

j ■

■-^

..v=V^

--i^r

0

— V

—

h-^

— i

■J i 1 j

a

r

—

«

.

— ._ 1 .

1 — 3_^

—

"i_

t

O

—

k-, 1

o

00

y?

U^

—

^ 1 — i

f

'

,

~

^

— '

? \

■

\

'.

1 a

o

>

-

o
h-

f

—

t"

^

J? CM rO — — ,

^

CM 'ro — fo —

i

_;

-f»-

|U)

. .__

^•^^

^

•V 1 --

e

o

^

V

S

r- -

^>

^

H -

>

N^

^

S^

X

V

—

J

o

n

•

O

-

M

■\

5?

!ii

s

^.

^

<^

— ^ ^-^ f^ -

^^

—

=i^w^H+^4^

4-1 — h-

-

N

-_w=<s^ ■ ^

B "^^Uj^^i^---?,

X

ii ^ —

-\ h

\

sir N =t

^"^ >"

^u >- —

S^'

S'^

t \ ^£P

e
O

m

-^

1

1

1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 [> v^y — lo

.3

a
o

I

•g

I
t>

13

JO-

140- 150- 160- 170- leo- 140" 150* 160* 170- ISO-

' ' ' ' 1 '-I

OKHOT
WEST

' ' ' I ■ ■ ■ ■! — ■'■■■■ '-^^^"^ , , i , 1 , ^ . , ,

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,.,,. - ,1^^ ' 1 p. .

KAMCHATKA AREAS S KARA'^iM'^>'>>-&M&rivR piupr adpa I9.id m KI ! i II

„ /? /TTTY

ff irw

/UL^ ^. _::::::::

/ru5/ ^"i^^^^r"'

60»

A V^ ^<Th<

/ V,.^.t<^/f

>rrmfl%,^ .< .\/ ft

^iTmfT^4 r >J

yfM r " ^ 7 4f

- --Tj/ /^- - _ __ -■

ti

^ ■ ^ i^ i Y

t / <i i

/

+T1 +--t f it -- -t A~

""""t 7 JJi

59'

y\

\\. 1 ' T • /> "

I Cj ^ »•

^-£\

lU . A 4I - : ^,

rr't ^^^

'yr

&PV _L 4 ^_ . 4 '^

sp) " -= ::i:"~":;"""":"""":"

1 - ' iW '■•-.- i

1 ^x^'^ i ± ■ ^'i ■ ... ,

Av 4^+^ 'k^ - ' '

I, i Vf 1 '2 ■ "

r Yt^^ I a'i. ■; ''i! 1

r VX rj^^Zj'i '""""so.

1 r) 1 .^^ . ,.

L ail "' ' '

A

(Aft : ^ i ^i 3 . 1 /

"f ± ["" ■ ■ «' '" " "

t\t- +--L;+_il__. +1 T_. /-

t :"" ' _" '""" " ■

A

^(T J .'1 t 1 /""

^ff +""T y tt

A-

f-C-J 1 r' ' , 1 /

4 1 1

a\

ill-

ViV i ' '' . t

JTn/ ^

~A~

*' T ' , "" — i

Li T

«) 1 , _!--+-,

\

Ji 1 1 ;

J 1

,/ / M M I 11 1 M :i ! ■ ! II I 1 1 II 1 1 [ l[! 1 1 .1/

/

Mp

) \ \ ■ 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 i *i ly

(

/

i 1 ! ■ ; ' """" " " 1^

it

.j*->

wV^

A \ 1 \^'^^ J''

^-L4-+-

A ^

1 1 "*" ' T^ oJ "" 1

1 , 1 } Jl 4^

I \J

JO-

_^ ::± i_^:::::::::::::;::::::T;::;: ^_

— :-" = "-±izzz = i "-== = == = = = = z== = = iz = -=—::»'

Figure 8. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Asia — Okhotsk Sea coast, west Kamchatka, east

Kamchatka, and Karaginskii-Anadyr River areas.

14

h

g

18

s

in

o

s

f,

J

/■

1

S .i??' %/ f

f^

~-jsir.ZL_

^

■ -4^

PJ^f

J^**^

r~r

"^

■

;.¥

r ,

X

—

I

/

«

ie^

fLi

\

•

<o ^«-

^

f.

«

» ^»

—

—

—

!n

r^

i. _

1

,.^±ife

^ii^.^ -

¥^

r^. .

/a4^ff

HT

CJ —

—

_^^3fWI

«

«> lOBco:-

r* *

r>>

(SJ

->
rJ^

BTr-

f\J c\i

= . -;'-.'"

eg

mm

fS

« ; ff. X

S tn u> <>J

M

— fO

^'-iS 5

fO

^

fc^

-,B

S S s a

—

1

7* » S. 2 s

2 fc 8 <" a

m

-

!

—

'^ \ tj 5 S.

= W o> - 1-

—

—

—

'

o J

▼

Lje^.a*

sia.s.-- >-

CM

1

(0 at y s^

♦ sD (D — cj

-_

i

~ "It a

^h'^ -

m

f

t.S ? 2

= 12'^'"**

<0

—

H

— ro ro m

~ c a

—

—

^

.«■; '-.i9;t,H

Pj C3 « t vn

r-

*

•

5 »: J^

— «> Q f^ cj

a *.s 2 '

•

o

\ I ;= *.*

? 9i* 6""

*

y

< t

A^ ~;a n.-

iB £ * S>r

in

CM

CM

fj^

^

J^ , r- fo m

W ♦ — CJ

—

.

__

__

^^J^3P

^esj m

»;*:s>,s

_•_+_-

—

1—

—

—

-^

—

—

■ 1^ ;l

^

'■ *

= , <D, ro r- o^

j

K>

m

V- -~

m

S(2, »^^»^

, —

CM

s

,

lO

—

to

m

z yv^

^.

_

40

r^

*

S,~

(M

in

r«-

r«j

9

<*_

S*^

tn

o

^ ^

I'

A_

► V

■ —

iO

—

o

5£

^K>

_rO

»

CSJ

«♦

N

&j

—

]

li

~Z1L

,

2 a

5^

'T *» CM

lO

f / -'

A

J ,~

!xr

t

ro

'in'

'

\ *fl

y

f?"

' !

^

—

i

1

J ^

CSI —

00 fo! ' '

<J

" (. z'

;>>

_

N"

'*■ 1 ~

'

1/

—

1^

1 — fo r-

<NJ

r-

1^

• v?L-

CVJ

o

p

:&

KI

n

,aiS:

i^

a»

: :<n

1

<«

~!-

!Kk

tf

to

—

^

-

~

£

iV

(0

—

—

~^ "^S

^

CM

i"

N

fSJ

tn

m IS

—

—

<SJ

r-*-

*

—

^=

: ♦

s

u>

,"

,

S

V

i^

—

—

1

f

—

•

I

•

; 1

—

—

—

—

1

—

lO

—

s

—

\.

i*^

— —

\.

„

I

1

„

o

V

lO

p

—

m

—

m

1

/

1

--

'

'

(p

7

1 —

\

!

r'

'

C^-T^

" \

-

—

—

-

-

^h^^

-

-

1

, "^

^

—

e

V_^

!

1

•

to

_

t.o^

\

\

r~^

■i

■s

■(

—

\

.

-

,

\

X

'

s

V

"r

'

-

s^

1 — 1

—

•%

Xjv

*

<;

- -

.■

■■

e

/I

1

o

!n

/ «

1

■\

i?

(

\_

I

^

\

1

k

■

<y

1

P

\

V

^

c

' —

— <

'

1

1

-^

1

/?•

/

Al

^*s~

U

"CfY, ^p-^—p^

;f\S{^^^

—

^

l'^.

q-

_.

--

1

^J

s~

' —

—

.^r^-t^

^

—

■ —

_^

^

<SiS^

i

^vUi^

s

_^^i -. .

O

\

i

S

-■ -.

-~

1

■^ ^

N

. S

Ss.

:

'

■\

K y^oo

S

i

a ' ' '

\n

V

t

^

s\t

1

^

{

?

S

^'V,

1

11

1,(1

1 !

f

s

•

»

V

1 III

^

1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I :

-— ' 1 1 :

I

o

I

%

a
I

.9
B

I

15

Figure 10. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Norton Sound and Kuskokwim River and in Togiak

vicinity.

1

SO"

140" 150' 160* 170' 180'

170* 160* 150* 140" 130*

120-

' ' "

' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 , . . . . ^^ . . ■■+i^^ -i-t-h

^^ if y^mi -

i T^' i-^ NUSHAGAK VICINI+Y AREA 46

" ■" T-^ 1

— r

Ml/S A^

-t ^a_ , /C^ lU^ 1

60'

r.V^ ^-rrhf

• ,M> ( /r^.r^ ^^

^irm^l^-^ ^/ /L '

/^..^ /:_ -j/ B 4 : ^^ -- ""

1 ^i«^r ' !i '2 1 ' 1 31 4 4 i! 'z ! \lQ)

A^'^:^ ^"f ^ " ^ -^

^. nt ■ ^ I--": ::"":"!

12 il y ■ T ?1_ 1 ! 2 511 1 1 ' iS

' 5 . }M - -- . , ||*.» , >|2 " i . . ■ . ■ wJh

50*

j_. - iS2 2 ^ 1 1 [2 2 1 2 4 1 J2 ^ ' , ^ \

Mt^^ : ; 1 i

' ^^ T~^f|l: :;

/^y- --.■■--It- -f

\" ' ' ~

\

ijtf

"^S " M ^ T ^

^ t ^ ' "^1'-;:

!

7

in

- ]

^r^h^- - "

J,

"

T T-^ I-,-

\

,

1^ £. -- - --- - -:^

^^ tlL_ L...

\

-U^

' ' \

1 i

ii :

'

1 1

BO*

4- ^ :_5_. _.::::: :::::::

: :: ::::::: ::: :::: ; ::_;. ___ _j_ j_

1

50*

140' ISO' 160* 170" 180*

170* 160* 1 0" I40» t 0'

1

0'

Figure 11. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in the Nushagak vicinity.

16

130' 140'

Figure 12.— Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Naknek-Kvichak.

Figure 13. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Egegik.

17

Figure 14. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Ugashik.

- — C^ i,,,,|,,,.|,,,|i, .,,,,,,, ,,,,,,

~"^""""Vmlt'

' " '1 ""!' " '1 " '1 1 ""

1 ' " ' 1

-^

S J>^ SOUTH OF ALASKA t»ENINSULA AREA

M- 1

"t -mF

KODIAK ISLANlt AREA 55-56

1

-—^ -—I ^

\M> ( #^^3ifv ^1 mill wiiii^f?'^

/^■3^ ^1

T i y a^^<V^^ ^S^N^.X

-----Tf^^

^ <f ^I ^£-.V

"' "^T .aJs ' 1 3 |i ■ 1 S?4*^

rj'f r? ' i ' ' ' 1 ' '' WvJv i

7j<S\>'A'\\ \vmi. 11

jm*>'1 ' I' ii ' zjaa Z' 3 1 2 III [V\9) -t^f^

|l 3 1 122 12 1 l' \^1

• T 1 1 1 ' z. 1 1 1 1 1 ' Tn'r^ ■ T ' '

13 ' S5 ; 'II ' Lljl

n'' 1 1 1' j' 1 "i" ' ' ro'V \ *{''

) 1 ;l Z, [ 33 1 1 J,2 5 , . . sTji

1 ; 1 ,"1 «i ;,«:;,, 1

t ; i: 1 1 1 ;m ,

h

111 '"! 1 i ,,,',,'! n X. "T
+ Tf^ ^r4 -^ ' III f^ 1 ±

^

a- : - I .. ,-.

; 1 • • ' 1 ■

' ; ; : : i;

V

1 ■ "

?"

V "^ 1 - '

If ' ! (•-

i tl

I 1 -

1 I t ■

\ "

1 i

\

\

..-- ^ „

A,

T '^ - r

' i !

-\-.

1

1^

_..._. ^... _ ^ _,^_

■ \ ^

. . - ^ T - - - - - i-

A

■ i '

■ T t T 1 r

-.1 .

ill;

1 '■ '■

I" " ^ " " " -i - ±- -- iJ= ±

1

leo" ISO- no- 130'

I7d' i«<

■ 1 0* 140' 1

^ii^-^^

1 0

Figure 15. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered from south of the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island

areas.

18

IW ISO- 140' no-

140' ISO* l«0' 160' 140' ISO' ItO"

■---1 ' .^' 1 1 i-ir-'i r ■■■!■

1p^ cook inlet AREK 57 PRINCE Wll

"1 1'" '""'"" ^' ■■■■! '■■■!■ ■■■!■■ '11

.LiIaM sound Jj?^ copper and BERINd RIVERS
1 AREA 58-59 \ 1 AREA 60

II ^5aJ rjfx^ '• '."I ' f '.'I''. Nvffi

W

. Y 'l 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 ! « 1 S 1 1 1 II

JJ^mV Y j I 111221 I II 1 _Jt

'i. ' 'j 7 1 • SJTS.t S 1 ,,^ 1

iUIv, 44^1-14 " ' '--?-'" -+- f 'am.

'■U ^-'- , ■!,{ imiyj.' 1 ■«

' ' I »i'>I ' > «i

-L^ '" -li-4^ L....il.^ -----i-it: ji ii 4gy

Ht t X ^ ^ T^

■ 1 1 ; I --

't"'' ' — 'R' " -- f

_t +^Ttt " - + --4 -

. j . t (..., — ^ ^

«.■ ' ' ^ -^

' \

4A<

- 1 • t

~\~

. . .

\

. , . 1 - - ■-

1 — - -^

40

....

. . .

■ ■ "

:

SO

10' 10" 140* 150'

10' 10* 160' 1 0' 140' 10' 10'

Figure 16.— Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Cook Inlet, Prince William Sound, and Copper and

Bering rivers areas.

YAKUTAT AND sduTHEASTERN ALASKA
AREA 61-66

Figure 17.— Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered from Yakutat to southeastern Alaska.

19

»0» 170* l«0'

ISO' l«0* ISO* no»

HO" 140- IW

ISO-

""y^~""\M'

NASS RIVER ARkA 71 4 1]^ SKEENA RIVErI AREA 72

S. .P

""J ^T.fC

i P^-l-W .

• -4St/

ffi ^"S^"/^!^

-'^y

Ih M'^Mj, ""Y jri

' ^ ^^a<

":::;::::::/,

'f' Or ' ' ' 1 ' ^Ia f 'f G?

II 4 3I4 1 • 1 II 2 Z^Jv
3 1 3 9 2 S 1 3 3 2 1 VmTW,^

-ck-

2 11 3 212 1, ' Z^lKfc^ /fl' ' '

»»• - yfe^

3213134 727 Bl HIlP^^)

1 1 1 1 3 II \J\ . -T^ 1

IS 1^2^2 32 42 4 37f;-*p-

i*

2 ' 'X' ' ' , ^ft>^ % V '

\\ « 7 2 2 « 4, i 2 V J>f 1

77 2 _ -Xy\ " '

1' " "i IT-^^'x

^HlL '

ol' ^i;^i+-K

I A^^a

1

1 K_>5-v_ 1

_!,_. TT, . t^T^

~x. ^^

-^- - .[,.+ |.ti.f-.fT^

' V *

1 [_ "^ _L 1^ "*" 1

■* T t \"'

1 ]

4n'

1

1

y

i_. J. .4-(

^na

' \

\

N,

1

' %

\

~~ "" "" "" ~ ^\ " ' "

\

1

\

39

\ \

1

! \
1 ^^

1 i

., _ . ...- . .

-_- -

' !

1 1^

w

I«0» 1 0» ISO-

ISO- i4d' id- 1 o»

I50>' 140- 1 0>

1 0*

Figure 18. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Nass and Slieena rivers.

170" 160"

150" 140" 130"

170' I60'

ISO- 140- 130'

120-

- l-'4L JJ^ CENTF

■"'""'■"M""'""'""'' ■ -^ \xr^

«AL BRITISH boLUMBIA ^ ^ jj^ RIV
1 AREA 73 ' Ml ' A

1 ' ' ' ' I' ' ' 1 1 1 ' ' ■

ERS-SMITH llnLETS AREA 74

- - -1-- fV ,

/"^ L.

~'"'\ Tiv

60-. -•--.. i^T/

--;-"lM> I

-f '^ L,

4

. kv-T^^-^-jL T"""-'!

cr-^^ jL

"^Y^

S-T ^m, r" ^W/

■ • ^Xt

7 1 2 Sm

'-^''"'--M^

-V'-^-M-- 4

12 ' rSro,*"

(1 114 17 11 I^OQl^^

__^ 12 1 '^^:W. iiiiiiii[i.M-'iiiiiiii

1 1 3 1 Sj 411^2 3, 3 rTV

. -i--f' -+-4

II 12 2 1 1 ^3 V^ V

'1 4! 1 r 1 7 ii \ .1
1 1 II i!2 1 ■ ;?<,_

1 ( « 317 2 3 1 6 !l 5 3|iZ 3k^
1 i *'!'*' *,\ »«i3:3:6S, 2^ \ J

2 1' 2! 1 I 3i '2 2'lj '1^ m! 1 '"L^^
l| 1' 14 1 l'3'2 ' S'3' jl Sf'^

so.: ___-.!

'■■■■- \

1 SI 1 1 1 2 312 1 1' , t |lV

-X

46* .

, , . , J . , .. _

. , 4 . -

---

\

' . !

1 1

' %

- inTunuTTritnTrr

>-

f 1 t nrnlir

;

ff

T \ 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

_ _ _. ... 4^' \l 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

' ' \

r- J.- ---

: : w

- - -

i

' " 1

1

i

50"

-j-. ::::: :::::::: :::

V

1 0» 10"

\W 140- 10- ' '

1 0- 160-

10- 10- 1 b'

12

0»

Figure 19.— Tagging locations of maturing soclieye salmon recovered in central British Columbia and River-Smith inlets.

20

|«0» I70» ISO" 190* 140*

150* I60» 150" 140* 130* 120*

"'"■"f==vS — ^Vrrnl ,... .p .. .r^ .| ,..-,....,.... , „ v^>' ■■■,■■■■!■■■■!■■ 'If ■■■!■■ ■■.■■■■! —

; ' ^' 1>^ FRASER RIVER. STRAIT OF JUAN DE 4 Jj>^ COLUMBIA RIvIeR AREA 85
1 ' rl FUCA, SALMON BANKS AREA 77, 80-81 1 ^ i

-j-r - - ;^w ^r ""i"^ M HSiir

. iirn '1 ' ' " Mra)

^ i. -L . -Y' . ♦; , HI ^ 2 , ijii,4 2 , « 'r

^ ' ' • ^' 1 ' PTi

. 1 ; -^ , i .','*,«; "!*", ." .' V>

ffc„, T" ' ^""^ " "[• ^;m^

1 J .■['■ 112 15 1 1 7|2S.7 1 7!l l'2;l (5^2 2 2 2, ,1^

50-1 ' i'l "!•". V" ,"i '* i ' i i

"^ 1 IS : 1 112 2 J 'l ' 2 .

1 ' ' ('''''''! i

fjj^--t -^-::.---j.:::- - |r |. 1.. . tjj^i^ "

' ! ' I

r ■ 1 jx' 1 . ! I T t • Vv

nn- 1 i

,

' 1 ! V

tf ■ ff

i\

-^~\ ■ - ■■■ --^

35 .

^ V

: " -

- -- - -■ . . -_ 1 j . _---

30» . J -1--

V)'

80* 170* 160* 150" l«0»

130' 160' I 0* 140* 10* 10'

Figure 20. — Tagging locations of maturing sockeye salmon recovered in Fraser River, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Salmon

Banks and in the Columbia River.

1

50- I40» ISO- I60» 170- l«0'

170* 160* 150" 140" 130" 120"

■■■■I""'""'""'""'""'""' '-^ ^^

^iM^ 1 , 1 1 , 1 ,, 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 ^ 1 1 1 1 . 1 —

V'^'t'

f-y? , ir^ OKHOTSK AND BER NG SEAS

ff An/ 1

r^ AREAS 21, [T] 22-|26

/ uif ^ I

/ \r ^xtk/ ' ,^ .

~")^i /r^-k>, w

>TTm^]>4 r L- ^ """

t L.V < ^ J'k-iv,

,. __^ ^ .

^ = t/^ t ^1

X J iX

T - - - ;/?7 ml.

^___ _ __u J. _„___ .___.

"' \rkv , mL

^^«

Z^_._ 1 . 1

V-iW """ '" K\)

^t ? 21 m^I

-.-^ir . _.. .. " I

•WSPV ^' ,21 ^ T TT

2-' ^ __^H^*\

1 > j"""i '■"',i:i'"""-.-"

A \ 1/ 4 1 J ■ > !?| i»

t i::;::::::::2^;.:j.j._.:._ _ :2T_iT--r"f-iT-

_____ + :^v ,0

/t «i ' ' ' ' '

. txV '°

/ f" -J' 2 1

— _ j^p^

dr ---- :2-' .--^--_

„_ _ _^ Mzr*

/ CP 1^ t «

/::. /c ::, si ::::.::: :-t_::-::: ::"::::: ::r""

yr j^j>

u^i4 1 y -^

, /

< ; 1 . »-7V

' ' (

-^l-<JlX

" ^'%i i' " ''' '" "" " " ■'

___ __ _ __ -^

:j7 ET"" — " ' " — "

_.._ ..__ __ _ __ — -J,

w.^ t ^ "'

---__- .

j-^--^^^^-!-

rz<5f i-' "•"

--- ^ ss

rWSt"

u|^:t::- rt-^""^ ::::----:-:f:"::::.:.::z^.^:z-:^

7

Till - --- - H -- - -- - - - --

-- - -- »•

0- i«o' ISO- HO' 170' leo-

I70» ISO* 160' 140' 10" 10"

Figure 21.— Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

Okhotsk and Bering seas.

21

Figure 22. — Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

western North Pacific.

Figure 23. — Tagging locations of sockeye salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

central-western North Pacific and eastern North Pacific.

22

;i ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' 'I I ' ' ' 'I ' ■ I ' I ' " ' f

KAMCHATKA RIVEf) AREA II
KARA6INSKII ARE)^ 12 [T]

±±ttj50'

Figure 24. — Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Kamchatka River and

Karaginskii.

1

30*

140* ISO* 160' 170' IBO'

170' 160* 150* 140* 130*

I20«

^

" "1 ' ■ ' '1 " "1" " 1 " " 1 " "1 ■ " ■! ' ■ ■ ''_^^-H^

-X- TW Xk^' north AMERICA ALL AREA

- 1 ■

S

_ /f yrtr)

' 7^ 1

/ ^ vfl/ A'"

^ . .iJtM.

< v^ ^mrf

■ ^A //^^T ^^ '

-hTm^T^-^ //-

_^_,,..^_„4y ^ ^

^'TlT JSt ^^^'Tsk^

V Y Yi

fj(\t^ 'VBv

ivT i tW.'"

yT [

^"t "* T ' \!s)

«^<i5 fr + ' ^

oi ' X X. ' ' _L x! -Di

) K \ I 4- 'r wu- 32.

A^ ' ' i' 1 ' * ^^

\

'-■"'' I' 4 ' T ' 4^ ^ sT

A VT 1 i/i i' 1 1 ! ' ■ ' ^

1 ll 1 1 3 1 2 1 T

T%

^

t A -' ^

1 2 1 2 14,

"'"'vs

idiU """ r 1

'" ' 1 - 1 1 ----i 2xtr: :-::;::

i iT

/ttl""' / ""!"""

Z 1 1 -. - 1 ^4- - ^

1 ■

i^'i^-in--^ -

J !.-.--

/ nVjK' ' 1

T - I-- J- 1

^

\ * [

.y ii-l- --- — - —

4_x_

:

j,W \ ' ■

K

f Jr'>\ "' '"

i

33

^

1 \

\'t*

':•:: MT lU 1 "^^ "' ll

r

.

_- J

1

1 1 1 1

30»

I'll 1 1 i i -^ — l-|---hh--l h-

140" ISO* I60» 170* 180*

170' 160" ISO- KO- 1

0»

--t-r

1

0*

Figure 25. — Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in North America.

23

Figure 26. — Tagging locations of §ockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in northern and western Alaska.

I '.'>;i ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' 'I ' ' 'I I'

^SOUTH OF ALASKA PtN.
AREA 54
KODIAK ISLAND AREA|55-56

X%Ti

COOK INLET AREA 57

PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND AREA 58-59

COPPER AND BERINd RIVERS AREA 60

Figure 27. — Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in south of Alaska Peninsula and
Kodiak Island and in Cook Inlet, Prince William Sound, and Copper and Bering rivers areas.

24

Figure 28.— Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in southeastern Alaska.

70' ISO* 150' 140' 130-

I K' I ' ' >; I ' ' ' ' I ' " ' I ' ■ ' ' I ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' I ' ' " I ' " ' I '

I I I ■ I I I I I I I M ■! I I I ■ l| , I I I I I I I I I

SOUTHERN BRITISH ICOLUMBIA AND
PUGET SOUND AREA 75-83

NORTHERN AND CENJrRAL

BRITISH COLUMBIA, AREA 71-74

Figure 29. ^Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in northern and central British
Columbia and in southern British Columbia and Puget Sound areas.

25

Figure 30.— Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the Bering Sea subsequent to year of tagging.

130' HO- ISO- leO- 170* no-

170' 160* 150' 140* 190'

120*

1" "t — 1 '"'-'t-^ 1 , , , ,l . . , 'IJ^-I-

1# W 1

^ > ■

^ iW

i t dA WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC

/r::^ ^\_\::_\

+ tL IAREA 27, 29-30

: -±- -^iiK/ zrJ^5v,J,T

L^ 4^ ^Svc^

ou

/ / m

''' '<fw fU T 1 vJSjOT

A_ 1 ) hx

r 'f'C? ' ^W

/^V"! ' fW*"

^*i* ,'*^, 1 f ' ^ \.

. u^ ' ' 4^ 1

^. 5T 4$^ ':::""'"":"":"

- Itr- - - U"-:: ' ■ •- ^^-

i'-^-+ ^--f 1; r^Tt

— M?"=-^-#---t-----------------

* ' , i ;, ^,. "^

...y. .^. _i^

/ /I 1

/ \

46* / -N ! i*^'"' i 1 '

- --- -- - . • • ■ •■-

VffVft'" :&iv1T^ 27,29-30 1 - - -

- -. - - .- -■ "' ' - ■! ^I

r

'stlL '

^ 1

.n. N

{ -

,0 .-J- --- - - -

Xi t " " ' ' '' '

i

A-

" ,17 -• ^ "

li?

"^^+"^ -^r " '"'"

. -- - --------- - -- -^-^-t~

^

55. ^-^ ^^^ ' ' ' " ' ' ''

'

\

i 1 .'

:(j^ -- J-. . - :--f::-:

10* T )

w

130' 140" I90» 160' 1 0* 180'

10' 10' to* 140' 1 0'

0-

Figure 31.— Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the western North Pacific subsequent to year of tagging.

26

Figure 32.— Tagging locations of sockeye salmon recovered in the central-western North Pacific subsequent to year of tagging.

27

CHUM SALMON

Figures 33-70

The tagging effort for chum salmon and the tagging
locations of chum salmon subsequently recovered in
coastal areas are illustrated in Figures 33 and 34. The
distribution of tagging locations and the inshore
recovery areas were much broader than those for
sockeye salmon and demonstrate the wide range of
oceanic distribution and spawning areas for this
species; spawning stocks of chum salmon are the most
widely distributed of all the Pacific salmon. Although
the tag recoveries illustrate the extensive distribution
for chum salmon at sea, the limits of destribution are
known to be even wider, extending to the Arctic
Ocean in the north and in the south to about lat. 40° N
in the western Pacific and lat. 44° N in the eastern
Pacific Ocean and over much of the Okhotsk Sea and
Sea of Japan (Shepard et al. 1968).

Coastal Recoveries in Year Tagged

Asian stocks (Figs. 35-46). — The distribution of
maturing chum salmon from Asian streams (Fig. 35)
extends over much of the total ocean range for chum
salmon. This extensive ocean distribution parallels
the abundance of Asian chum salmon relative to the
more restricted distribution and lesser abundance of
chum salmon in North America. Abundance of Asian
stocks was about four times that of North American
stocks for the period 1954-62, based on commercial
catches of chum salmon (average catch of 36.7 million
chum salmon in Asia and 9.2 million in North
America [Shepard et al. 1968]). The only areas not oc-
cupied by Asian chum salmon appear to be waters
near the coast of North America.

Some differences in distribution of stocks from
various subareas of Asia will be evident in the follow-
ing discussions.

Japan and Kurile Islands. — Catch statistics in-
dicate that chum salmon produced in these areas form
a rather small proportion of the total Asian produc-
tion. Shepard et al. (1968) reported that for the period
1946-54 less than 15% of the Asian coastal catch came
from the Japanese Islands, Sakhalin Island, and some
smaller producing areas of the USSR. Of these islands
largest numbers of chum salmon are produced in
Hokkaido.

Tag recoveries show that at least some chum
salmon from Honshu, Hokkaido, and the Kurile
Islands migrate extensive distances to the east during
their life at sea (Figs. 36-38). Each subarea was
represented by recoveries from as far east as the
northeastern Pacific, and fish tagged as far east as
about long. 141°W were recovered in Hokkaido and
the Kurile Islands. Most recoveries were from near the
Aleutian Islands, the western Pacific Ocean, and the
Bering Sea. By far, the greatest number of recoveries
were from Hokkaido. As pointed out by Shepard et al.

(1968), the number of recoveries in Hokkaido is far out
of proportion to the commercial catch in Hokkaido
relative to the number of tag recoveries in areas of
much greater chum salmon production such as coastal
areas of the Okhotsk Sea and Kamchatka. These
authors attribute the large number of recoveries to an
intense commercial fishery and close examination of
the escapement in the artificial propagation program
in Hokkaido.

Sakhalin Island, western and northern Okhotsk
Sea coast. — This region accounts for the greatest
proportion of Asian chum salmon, producing in excess
of 50% of the total commercial catch in Asia for the
period 1946-53 (Shepard et al. 1968). The important
Amur River run, alone, produced approximately 30%
of the total catch in this period.

The ocean distribution of chum salmon from this
region varied to some degree by subarea. Amur River
fish appeared to have the most limited distribution
with returns restricted to the western North Pacific,
well south of the Aleutian Islands (Fig. 39). Chum
salmon from Shelekhova Bay were similarly dis-
tributed according to the tag returns, but two returns
also came from near the Aleutian Islands (Fig. 41).
Fish from the western and northern coast of the
Okhotsk Sea were found in the same areas as the
Amur River and Shelekhova Bay chum salmon but
were also distributed farther east with a number of
returns coming from off the western and central
Aleutians (Fig. 41). Sakhalin Island chum salmon
appeared to have the most extensive distribution of
this group, with tag returns from as far east as long.
155°W and from the eastern Bering Sea (Fig. 40).

Kamchatka. — Kamchatka is also an important
chum salmon producing area and contributed about a
third of the Asian commercial catch for the period
1946-53 (Shepard et al. 1968). The tagging locations of
inshore recoveries to Kamchatka demonstrate that
the ocean distribution of these stocks is extensive
(Figs. 42-44). Returns came from as far east as the
central Gulf of Alaska and eastern and central Bering
Sea but most were from waters along the Aleutian
Islands. This relatively high proportion of tags from
near the Aleutians may only reflect greater tagging ef-
forts in these waters, however. Distribution from
south to north was also extensive, ranging from near
lat. 42°N in the Pacific Ocean to about lat. 59°N in
the Bering Sea.

Karaginskii to Anadyr River. — Chum salmon
from the northern coast of the USSR become widely
distributed at sea like many of the other Asian stocks
(Figs. 45, 46). Most of the returns came from the
North Pacific Ocean between the central Aleutian
Islands and central Gulf of Alaska. Unlike most other
Asian chum salmon, they did not appear to inhabit
waters south of the Aleutians in the western North

28

Pacific to a large degree; only one tag return was
reported from there.

In summary, tag recoveries have demonstrated that
Asian chum salmon occupy much of the North Pacific
Ocean and Bering Sea in their last year at sea. The
various Asian stocks can be roughly divided into four
groups based on regions they occupied during the last
spring and summer at sea. Those with the most exten-
sive distribution, extending eastward to the Gulf of
Alaska in the North Pacific Ocean and into some
areas of the Bering Sea were from the Japanese
Islands, the Kurile Islands, Sakhalin Island, and
Kamchatka. A somewhat more restricted distribu-
tion, apparently limited mainly to the western Pacific
Ocean but extending to waters off the central Aleu-
tian Islands, was found for fish from the Okhotsk Sea
coast. This did not apply to the Amur River chum
salmon which had the most limited distribution of
any Asian stock, being found only in the western
Pacific. A fourth group from the Bering Sea coast of
the USSR was widely distributed, extending from
waters along the Aleutian Islands to the Gulf of
Alaska but not into the western North Pacific Ocean
to any degree — waters commonly inhabited by most
other Asian chum salmon.

North American stocks (Figs. 47-58). — It is im-
mediately apparent from a comparison of Figures 35
and 47 that North American chum salmon have a
much more limited distribution at sea than Asian
chum salmon. North American stocks are primarily
limited to the northeastern Pacific Ocean and eastern
Bering Sea. The differences in size of areas occupied
by chum salmon from the two continents appeared
related to the numbers of chum salmon produced by
each continent — as previously discussed, the produc-
tion in Asia was about four times that in North
America.

Most chum salmon in North America are produced
in many moderate and small streams and commercial
catches have indicated that production is about equal
in each of the coastal areas of central Alaska (Bristol
Bay to Yakutat), of southeastern Alaska, and from
British Columbia southward (Shepard et al. 1968).
Production from northern Alaska (streams north of
Bristol Bay) is not as well documented due to the lack
of intensive fisheries in this region, but production is
probably in excess of IV2 million fish annually.

Northern and western Aldska. — Tag returns in-
dicate that the offshore distribution of maturing
chum salmon are somewhat similar for the various
river systems in western Alaska (Figs. 48-51). They
primarily occupied waters of the eastern North Pacific
Ocean, extending south to about lat. 45° N. Recoveries
from south of the Aleutians, however, show that
maturing fish extend westward to waters off the cen-
tral Aleutian Islands. Yukon River returns were the
most numerous, coming from broad areas of the
eastern North Pacific and from wider areas of the Ber-

ing Sea than for other river systems. One return came
from near the coast of Siberia.

Central Alaska, — Central Alaska chum salmon
appear to have a much more limited distribution than
those from western Alaska (Figs. 52, 53). Tagging
locations of recoveries were restricted to east of long.
160°W in the eastern North Pacific Ocean, but from
this longitude they were found eastward to near the
coasts of southeastern Alaska and British Columbia.
In spring and summer, when the tagging took place,
almost all of the maturing chum salmon appeared to
be north of lat. 50°N and the majority, particularly for
some stocks, north of lat. 55°N. A few recoveries near
British Columbia, however, came from south of this
latitude.

Southeastern Alaska. — Maturing chum salmon
from southeastern Alaska like those from central
Alaska were found across the eastern North Pacific
Ocean but the westward range of tag releases only ex-
tended to about long. 155°W for most fish (Figs. 54,
55). A single recovery from south of the central
Aleutians, however, suggests that some proportion of
southeastern Alaska chum salmon may at times
migrate far to the west. Their north-south distribution
was rather restricted with most recoveries coming
from north of lat. 55°N with the exception of some fish
near the coast which ranged as far south as about lat.
50°N.

British Columbia. — The maturing chum salmon
from streams in British Columbia appeared to have a
limited east-west distribution in their last spring and
summer at sea (Figs. 56, 57). Except for Vanc6uver
Island and Fraser River chum salmon, recoveries were
largely from waters relatively close to the coasts of
southeastern Alaska and British Columbia. The
north-south distribution was wide, extending from off
the north coast of the Gulf of Alaska southward to
Vancouver Island.

The few recoveries from the Fraser River and Van-
couver Island suggested that these stocks had a
broader east-west distribution than northern British
Columbia stocks, extending across the eastern North
Pacific to about long. 155°W.

Washington and Oregon. — Recoveries were few in
these States where production of chum salmon is low
(Fig. 58). Most returns were from Puget Sound, and
these probably represent in part chum salmon that
were destined for the Fraser River in British Colum-
bia. The tagging location of fish taken in Puget Sound
was primarily in the northeastern Gulf of Alaska. One
return, however, came from south of the eastern Aleu-
tian Islands.

Only three tag recoveries were made along the
coasts of Washington and Oregon (one each from
coast of Washington, Columbia River, and coast of
Oregon). These were all from the northern Gulf of

29

Alaska, north of lat. 55°N, suggesting that at least a
portion of these runs are located well to the north in
spring and summer prior to their inshore migration.

High-Seas Recoveries in Year Tagged

Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea. — The few recoveries
in the Okhotsk Sea were mainly from an area
southeast of Kamchatka, but one was from near the
eastern Aleutian Islands. Recoveries in the Bering Sea
were from fish tagged over extensive areas of the ocean
(Fig. 59). Most returns were from waters off the Aleu-
tian Islands, an area of intensive tagging effort.
Recoveries were also quite abundant from south of the
Alaska Peninsula and from the western Bering Sea.
Areas from which returns were notably lacking were
the western North Pacific Ocean and the eastern Ber-
ing Sea. The pattern of tagging locations for these
recoveries is similar to those of some Asian stocks of
maturing fish shown earlier, and the Bering Sea
recoveries may primarily represent fish intercepted on
their migration to these same areas such as the Bering
Sea coast of the USSR and Hokkaido.

Western North Pacific. — Recoveries by the
mothership and land-based fisheries in the western
North Pacific Ocean (Fig. 60) came from rather
limited areas. Very few returns came from east of the
central Aleutians or the Bering Sea, and most were
concentrated from waters off the central Aleutians
west to Hokkaido and the Kurile Islands. This dis-
tribution corresponds to the ocean distribution of
maturing chum salmon originating from the western
and northern coasts of the Okhotsk Sea.

Central and western North Pacific. — Recoveries
in these waters largely came from within this area
although some also came from as far east as the cen-
tral Gulf of Alaska (Fig. 61). Recoveries from the Ber-
ing Sea and from the western North Pacific were
almost nil.

Recoveries in Years Subsequent to Tagging

Asian recoveries (Figs. 62-65). — A distinctive
feature of the recoveries in Asia was the recognizable
similarities between the general distribution of stocks
of immatures and the distribution of the same stocks
of maturing fish. Immatures from the Islands of Japan
and from land areas adjoining the Okhotsk Sea (Figs.
62-64) were found mainly off the Aleutian Islands but
were also found in the western North Pacific Ocean
and to a limited degree in the eastern North Pacific
and Bering Sea, as were maturing chum salmon
originating from these coastal areas. Immatures from
eastern Kamchatka and the Bering Sea coast of the

USSR were restricted to near the Aleutian Islands
and the Bering Sea, a pattern of distribution resem-
bling that of maturing chum salmon from this region
(Fig. 65). Contrasting with the distribution of matur-
ing fish from Asia was the lack of Asian immatures
from as far east as the eastern North Pacific.

North American recoveries (Figs. 66, 67). — As in

the case of Asian chum salmon, the distribution of
stocks of immature chum salmon from the Bering Sea
coast of Alaska paralleled in general the distribution
of maturing fish from this area, being found
throughout the eastern North Pacific Ocean and
waters off the Aleutian Islands (Fig. 66). The im-
matures from the Pacific Ocean coast of Alaska,
however, had a dissimilar distribution to that of
maturing fish from this area, having a more westerly
distribution extending mainly from south of Kodiak
Island to the central Aleutian Islands (Figs. 66, 67).
This conclusion is based on relatively few recoveries
which may not truly reflect the actual distribution of
immatures from this region. Only four recoveries have
been made from the coasts of British Columbia and
Washington; these came from the Gulf of Alaska
north of lat. 55 °N and off the coast of British Colum-
bia (Fig. 67).

High-Seas Recoveries in Years
Subsequent to Tagging

Immatures recovered in the Bering Sea by the
Japanese mothership fishery a year or more after tag-
ging came mainly from near the Aleutian Islands,
with a few from the eastern North Pacific Ocean and
Bering Sea (Fig. 68). One fish was recovered in the
Sea of Japan from the Aleutain area. These locations
were similar to the pattern of tagging locations for
maturing fish that were also subsequently taken in
the Bering Sea and may indicate that both maturity
groups were of the same stocks.

The immatures recaptured offshore by the
Japanese fisheries in the western North Pacific came
from waters off the Aleutian Islands and from the
western Pacific Ocean and western Bering Sea (Fig.
69). This distribution was similar to that of maturing
fish recaptured at sea in the western Pacific.

Immatures captured a year or more after tagging in
offshore waters south of the central and western Aleu-
tian Islands came mainly from within this area or
directly north of this area in the Bering Sea (Fig. 70).
These tagging locations probably illustrate the ocean
areas occupied by many Asian stocks of immatures
during summer months. Two fish, not illustrated,
were recovered in areas 35-36 (near long. 167°W and
150°W) which had been tagged the previous year
south of Adak Island.

30

— T"

._^. — ,-_ —

'^"£7Tt-

~>kr* '^

)r

^S^

-^T

"^

r^

"^IS/

~l

^

^<H

0>
CM

•<t

u>

!^

3J

iL

^i'^

\

hill

f^'f

a> j0

i

rS^

*

O

00

ff)

nt^

^j

CM

(0

to

oo

u>

m

0>

00

Ol

CM
U>

0>

Ot

o

<■

1-

*

to

^

»

,^

ft/^

\

V

y« 1

o

IT)

in

0>

tn

in

<o

in

m

*

Q

Ol

«■

m

u>

r-

lO

cJ

o>

o

*

to

oo

JlO k f«-

00

CM

in

(0

to

u>

>»J* tf)

<x>

(D

^

lO

CM

—

Si

vF

s.

ii

%

\^->j^

o>

u>

a>

00

1^

o>

^

^

O
m

CD

in

m

CM

CM

V

' U)

rt

o

(0

«o

0>

"Vv

..\

CM

<■

00

00

<t

f

\^

r

to

CM

CM

ii

V

^

^

eo

(0
CM

0>

CM

m

(0

to
to

1

1

^ A

lO

^S

(O

to

1

V

00

«•

CM

"^

(0

r-

CM

A

b

•

yv

«

•Jl

?

A\

^=

l-i

(0

00

fO
CO

lO •

in

o

to

m

h-

m
to

1

13'

r

0

5^

lO

oo

CM

00

CM
0)

n

in
to

m

O

o

m

*

i "^

-^

' XM

B

u^

0)

(M

OJ

fO

O

V-
u>

o

(0

o>

CM

CM
O

1 -xi

t

m

OO

in

*

CM

CM

CM

1

\m

0)

O

SfV

CM

(0

r>-

o

at

p

\~

o

OD

lO

*<1

0)

CM

CM

(0

N

3

H

(0

m

OB

*

CM

(O

m

to

CM

k

V

(0

t

(

lO

lO

o

CM

t*>

ro

N

(0

o

0>

t

r

in

c^

in

in

V

oo

^

^

CM
CM
00

00

CM

8

CM

00

lO

o>

^

\^ ^

'' ^^

m

N

«t

00

m

6

^>.

\

\

%

> "^

- ^

(

\

V

1 a>

in

V

0>

o>

to

\

! 'J"

r- ^y

(D

01

00

00

N

"-"-^^^ CJ

]^\

m

rt

f>-

CM

Lik

t-

i

00

CM

'a

lO

_

(0

oo

^

lO

N
N

t>-

in •

CM

in

m
m

m

^

St

/• -

St

1

^

)

0»

m

CM

m
to

to

^^

W

JP

/*v

1*"

in

'V

•c

P— i.----T-^

W~^

<^(

i

1

\

^

A^-— L_

\-Ll

ii^^

%

^

"S

09
V

CO

a

§

9
O

a

a
H

- a

» a

%

B at
J3 o

a «

. 61

g<

a. OQ

« .2

. V
03 X

gE

■O u
V o
be .c
bi cs
a J

I S
a cB

OD V

g tf

3 a

■* .2
be «

•S

a

a

o
a
»

b£

31

h

s

s

o

6

— r

T

— r

— r

9

•
O

cy

— i — . — ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' 1 ■ ' ■ ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ ■

1

7 LU

/

kyS<* >

1

^

t

f^ir r

/

' j

jy

A-^

^

—

1 { 1 1

JT'

T 1 -I

5

ji

CM

1

,

-i

AJ

■

^

e\j

\ .^Y —

V.

—

•

S

r

^=^

1

< V^?"^'^

\

—

!

—

»I .

.'J

—

Csj' — ■ K>

_

K»

.

!s =

—

" "J -r*^!

m

"^ ~

M

^

^

^

—

■

as en \

-^ -

—

—

—

—

-

tn —

♦

OJ

lO

—

*J

♦

<SI

^ _ //

CSI

«M

—

■~.

•

o

^ o 1

pv

—

*

♦

1 ?S

_

evj in

♦

—

—

—

—

—

—

' —

■»l*Mi

m

CM

CM

^

—

esj' i

*a

—

— K)

-

—

—

- z §

/

»o rf» CO

«

—

—

T

tn

1 ^

•n Q

CM

CM

*- UJ u->

lO —

_

—

_

o a: J

^

<M

-i *

tn at

B

CM

— —

.

-

-

1^

t«

♦ *

OJ

tn

—

•

o

5 «A '

,rg

oo

** 1 *

CM

tn

CM -

—

In

in

< _i «

\t

e

_

CM

CM (M

_

ll X

r>M

«

^

^'

A^

* ."?

fO

—

CM W

—

—

< <

\

F^Pl

u. fi

(M

CM

—

—

—

^ ■^^

X

VJ

"■qj tn

' —

CM

—

—

—

OT '

i

' —

(0

(0

lO

«o,

CM

—

** W^

_

—

CM

—

.

-

CM

♦

m

CM

^

\v^

_

s

\^ <

7

,

— r ^ -

^'i

m

CM

.

—

'

—

0^ -. -J

t

—

«».

»^ >

■"

pj

v^

CJ

—

—

311«

i*>

CM

"" : 1

S ^2^^

^

^

I —

A*

—

1 ':

1

V,

^^

'

fO

h*

1

!

j~ —

\ ^

—

^?

;

-X

1

?-

•£

X

y

CM

^

, y

1

O

p

S\

1 "^

lO

!2

♦

.CM

. f^

~S f

lO

m

.

_

^

—

'

—

—

0t

^-

iVk.

^

^

—

[—■

_

_

J

'

«

■<

r*

—

;r-

S,

CM

1

<VJ

•

K^

m

CM

lO

, 1

_

—

rO

h

_

—

—

,

,

,

_

-

■ ?-.

o

1

1

;*?

^

p^^

£

'_

'

^: 1

\^^

J

—

1 i

f

J

—

— •

.i^j

1

\

—

in

CM CM

j

,

\^^

—

—

_

CM

—

■

1

1

CM

_

in CM

__

•n

[

\

K»

wj'

.

!

V

—

—

V

f*^

CMi

—

^

p

*

_

—

—

—

■

s

OJ

«!_

—

P

/

_

CVJ

_

1

■

f

_

I-: 1

,

c^

esi

N ;

/

—

'«1-

'

^1 . 1

A

A

7

*

—

CM

—

*^ ( 1 1

1

X

_

♦

'

— CM

in CM

—

«M, 1 ,

;

1

felT-^

"3:

cx

' —

CM

CM

_

m

lO —

CM

m,

! ,

kJ*^

k

-

CM

_

<M,—

—

-

—

i

^

V ^v^

_

t«-

-"1.

~

i^

^

>

♦

CM

—

lOi [

«

o

.

x

^

CM

rOCM

— —

—

1

Irl

s

H

CM «0

— 1

—

1— 1

■

>

1

u.

.. f^

-

CM

CM

1

X

—

— , lO

^

«<^

■^

^

CM —

— j— )

-

v

■^S

'cM[a>

—

•^

_ _ 1

CM

\

l,A

— 1 _

CM

; —

•l i

* <

1

♦

OD

"1

—

,2

.

CM

— .

CM

CM

■M

e

-

/

—

'

- n

r

9

o

/•

''«

in

CM

; —

^

f

N

—

K

— !

;

'

k

1

1

«'

1

4-

<

r

j

_

—

- -

^

u

'-

i-

-i

u

-, —

_

^-

-

— u

1

1

-

\

—

—

—

-tji^"*"-^

r

J^

dL

/■

V

y

—

"

-^

-

X

Arar^

P

^?^>i

\f

^M^

. •

o

>

h

iw^^**

u,

L

^lisB

"^L

^^^

^

'

—

N

^

-;

^ ^

^

*

<

^

^

1

■^

*^

C

--

■<

s

X O'l*

^

k

i
n

XT;*

^

*K

,,

Nj

{

/

A

?r

1

'

8

J, !'

^

( i.r

1 III

>,

l4-2t

•

§

A

_

^-k

1

1

J .

i

J —

■i —

J

J

-1 —

-1

J

J —

^ —

■J

' —

•—

^—

^ —

•-I

^ —

■' —

I

o

.2
<

i

>

o
&

OS

•a

«
I

32

s

o

(0

18

S

Si

c

^

f

s

ao

w

=^ — ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1- ..,,...,....,.. . _

y^

, /

JyT* ^

1

y

' ^

rfef r

y

r^

ILr-T^

■~

~ — 1

^

&

t"

■

f-

- /r,

1

•

s

r

1

[

'^

-/7

- ! ■

—

(',j<aa&-y

■j^

h^^$\

VU^

\'n^^

-

-

V ;

,

^ ^' !■

•

o

-t —

%

—

»

< J

—

llJ

5 ^

J

—

Jn

—

M

—

•J***

-

•

o

.^

—

—

_

m

^

s

—

\

-^^1

vr

^

ci

—

—

—

< Xj

—

_

"-1

■•

CM

—

—

s,

—

M

CJ

—

—

' 1

X

—

—

—

1

< V^„

<s

-

—

—

CJ

'^yV) - '

V

2

> >„■

'I

^v

cvi

—

r^i

It.

\

X">\ ^^

'

N

—

f /

1

: !^

K

M

CJ

'

{ ^

XT s

^

,\

,

J

J—

^^

F^J

T

^ ^

\i

U

•mJ!

!«

', 1

ro^

.1;^

—

,

e

P

P^

.—

in

M

',/'

—

.^

§

1

if

—

—

1

>ft

«

^

—

—

1

/

r^

(0

i

<o '

/

-1/

CM

r>J

—

L^^

CM

CM

_

Al

lO

i[~

—

0

O

V 1 >•

>

:

■

1

—

W*^ -^

!

! J

f

J

_

tn

' ■

f

\

_

fl

CJ CM

1

\

—

—

— '

'cxi

—

I

'

,

^

,

_

_

iO w

_

.«

'

!

\

-J

ro

te

•S

'

[

^

_

m

^r-

CJ {

—

.

—

—

1

I 1

b

M

^

C\)

in '

! —

p

— I —

j

t

—

—

; \ ,

\

CJ

CM

'

—

♦

—

—

h

m

—

CM

—

•^1 i

1

' '

\

—

—

fO

—

_

ro

CM

' —

'csj'

rv,.

^ r

O)

M

«\/

_•**

lO

CJ

•ri

^^

—

—

_

—

—

-

--

—

l^C

b^^

^_

-

Oi

__

. . . _^ ,

.

&

(

^.<r

\

V

—

■"w"

^r^

_ ' _

"Z"

—

-^^

—

—

—

—

^

—

g

i£

«^

V

^

k

CM

in

—

_

^

1

in

-

CM

CJ

1

L.

■s:

_

*

s^

p^

^

~ -

=.

—

-i

—

—

—

.

N

^

—

— 1

_! _

"n"

—

!_.

♦"

—

—

—

■

i

«

h-

ro

-

1

—

—

CM

-

CJ

— t

'J

«

/

!

—

'

—

n «

0

r«

1

'^

, •**

CM

—

X

i£

(

CJ

_

1

*v

-

%

-

r

1

k

\

A

j

1

1

h

1

-

,

^

-

-
-

.>*^r

^

<

/

k

1

\

s ^

r-r->^

9-

rn^''

\

! -S

::s:

de'

■■^

! ,

o

V

X

"tf

--X

Ml

^\.

' ^

,

V

^

J

"s 1

j

:^ ^

■*

*^

•v

1

--

•

^

A

. O'c*

I

vr^ ^

L

^

^\

xy ^

k,

i

/

s

1

T'-^

l_

1 111

■■

]

I

^ :

?

,\

0

"

\

I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1

I 1 1

. !2

<
.a

•a

09

H
I

33

Figure 36.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Honshu Island.

130* 140' ISO* I80' 170' 180'

170- ISO- ISO- 1«0* ISO-

ISO-

1 \'--' M ■ ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' t ' ' ' t ' ' ' '-t 'J-,^ -

"'yi — Vrrrl!'""' ""|""'"'m""' ""

-i- 7>T "T^HOKKAIDO ISLAND 'aREA 2

^>. '

__ ff ym)

A 1

/ [4iJ ^

-t T^A_ , /^ i'.HC 1

< V -f-mrf ' '

^. ^M>< //'^^ ^T

ao

.^TTrrrf]^-^ y f\:^ "' " "

I ~ y ai' ' ' ' '

__-_ '"'tfjEt ^^,

/- " T 1+ ' ' '

?V?2-^ m^

/ 7 i:-7~T"77--M

. ^^z^X, -^ — -^--^ MjJ^

5S-. Z^ ... J .';.!, 1

" .,Wt ' , . W)

^^. ^ m^t'

'^ &P\_ 1 7i i I,

: i3"'""::::""""::::+:T"":t :::: rjl>

\ "A L^'-''^ '-' -- i'h'-.,.- ,

.l-J.- •*-"'!" -. - - -- aii^. MQ A,

A \I ,1/ ", '._ ,_ ii'li

•-U'-— -:::--44-t-ii4C^

50-. i: \ d'..i..i u

J r=i| ' 1 T « J

tTT THv

'M -, ---,1 1 t;:] _ 4T;r^

<

/ T~ >

' ' ' 1 - 1 !

r

i

/ n* e

h '

IB" / V\ \ ** '

..-.,.. ^ ^ } , t ' ^

/ /^t' + 1-

4 i i *-

j ^

f Jjl ^y<^ 1

9 .

^

\

:" '"T ::: "i": ixir

::: ::::i/f'""" "^

jj^ li

^

-j^ t-

~X- ~T A-

±^

as- ^-^^^^fZ ------ ' "i" ------

,:\

1 , 1

i l^

f^"^^ *■ *^ t"

r r

1 rw ^

E ^-- ^^

-Wll - - - - -- . - - -

^^o^ I40» 1 0" iflo" t70« leo'

I70» 160* loO* 140* ISO*

)•

Figure 37. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Hokkaido Island.

34

Figure 38. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on the Kurile Islands.

JO"

140" ISO* leO* 170' 180'

'" l""l""l " " 1,:^---^:

170* 160* 150' 140' 130' 12

t^— "CiV^ ""1 |i

D»

^_____

.^ ff- yffxd

fX AMUR RIVER AREA 5

/i^uy y

nn*

< V ^fTh<

. j\^ ( /Fv^ ^1

Arryrr^X^-/^ A /- '

i y| k./T' ' T T> r- ^

. -y h'

A /it

/ 1( \5' otX

y- 1 m

""■'-■■" "iffff""' ^ — ^ '■■ Tv^)

flfi*

/#/^ \ \

^,.5 ^-J- ■ :

■ T* ' - t

^irV rf=

>' "'vtYv

] i L _: ■'../,-

A\ ' Y ^ ■ ^'^

T ' "T"

n<y

L 1 2...i.. . 1

j^V

SO

jfc.-.h-t :; - "- -"

,^^

t r"^

1 +in

/:M:|.^-=""'"^Z^ ^'"" "---""

1 ^

rw ^ J/ ^J 3 I

1 ]

' ^TVT ' « 3 1

'-'---(

--

^ J r [ 91

» t i '

;t_

J_ |_ j 1

"U ' /^ 1 t

._^- -.

M 1 liV^ y , i 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

'11^ M M 1 1 INI II III 1 1 M 1 1 MM M Ml MM 1 M M II 1 II

^

nn*

X

A~^^ r /

_ 1 , \

^^.^^- - ---- _-_.._

-- --- N

\afCt

ra±_ _ . . _ _ _ . " ^"

^ ; : 1444^ H II 1 1! 1 ! ^H^l M III lll+^+4+++4flW4W+tt-

0-

140' lid- lid- 170" 180-

ITO- 160- ISO' 140' 1 0' 1

0'

Figure 39.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in the Amur River.

35

Figure 40.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered on Sakhalin Island.

Figure 41. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Okhotsk Sea coast and Shelekhova Bay areas.

36

I' " 'I' ' "I ' " ' I'

Figure 42. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in west Kamchatka.

Figure 43.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in east Kamchatka.

37

l«0' IJO^ ISO"

Figure 44. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Kamchatka River.

130" 140' ISO- 160* 170' I80»

170' I60» 150" 140* 130* IZO"

1 i . . . 1 . . . . 1 . . ^ . , 1 , , . ■ ' ■ '-^L>T ■=

^^1 JP KARAGINSK'll AR^A 12

_^ rp yrw i

1 A SIBERIAN COAST 1 AREA 13 0

/: M ji

< V^ A<^f^<

""•""""i^^/ jT^h^J^x^

v^^j>rs, C "P /■''^

L ^ , / ^ 'in i S-s ^'-^^t \

.,.^-^^y ^ _

^^f J& "^^1

v::::::::::r""T it

tpv?2+ ^iM

/ / 1

-^^ • ^" " "" mi.

55'. /^r^— -- - - - -\ ..._.

--/:::-_, ^: + + i ±M]

^< 5 ^ -

+ .^* . ^ /

"*^^V ^-t^ !.^ -

X' "w Vv

It \ I 4- ■' ... .

J . • ■ 4 fe S* T

A\ ]z , ' ^^r— '?,

j *\^

f^O- ' ^

1 V^*^*

::: :::__. :dy:^ .j::: - r:]..... 1 JlJ^ "

/~\,fl~ ■ 1

/ T ;'

/ f^ t

i \

46* . /d^ lTv^.^c]

" '' M ^' - J-. -p-J^ 45

/r J^^*»

iTB -^ F' ''

n • 'V'^v'

t- -+(

1 r^r

-

1ft' (~

V

/ J/ )

f

d- 1-

--..__-_- ^

35' y^""^ -L ^

lI^-/^ J - '"

-- - ^. J5

r^Mrtj ''

( y"^ .

L/

30«.J -_- -_j_ ,_

30-

1 0* !40» (90' leO* 170* 180"

10' 10' ISO- 140' 10' 10'

Figure 45. — Taggfing locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Karaginskii and Siberian coast areas.

38

Figure 46. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Anadyr River.

39

I
I

z

.9

■s

O
b

e
o

J

eg

.s

J

•a

M

CS

40

140^ 180*

1 1,1 1,1 ^. I I 11 pr:

NORTON SOUND i AREA 41

Figure 48. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Kotzebue and Norton sounds.

170* 180* 170* 160' ISO* 140*

170* 180- 190* 140* 130'

'""^^ fMU W|^'""'""'""'"'i'"

'"" '^ ~->|"""^Wl^'""'""'""'"'l'

\ Tm S~^ YUKON RIVFR ARFA

42 1 L Tv?, ^-^ KUSKOKWIM RIVER ' AREA 44

<[m ^ 1

A 1

....^ ^ ^ /TjIrvL

•"""A>x' /^'SS- ^\

- ' - 4^^ < ^ + ' ^"^^

^ .„_^ "-"W f^r^tF^^

itf Jk ' ' >

r: t"7/27'>'"' '

^SVl 1 / rf<!\}' 1 1 ^A

■| 'IfSf^ ' ' 3 1 1 1 1

rvWi'" t^ ' ' ' rWi'"

»s.. vW?" "* ' 2 '' '

rvlSf (fr ' ' ' ' ' ^kjfl ■»"•

,, .S" , ,. M>

JxTi ?L. ' t ' 1112 1 'IS-i

Vl<^3 112 I3|M 411 tl

S' i«^ ' ' ' *^'>S^

^ . ■ n* ?r'-'' '■'

Kv J ■ ' * ^ ' ' ' ' ^ kT

* ., ■ p lit 1

' "•► ' r

80*. ' ' i

i( 1 T

I

_j_ -^

4V

4B -- _________ _ _ -__ _ 1

T

T _ _ 35"

^

---..- 4-

--- ::_ ::::; ::: ::: :: i »•

10* 1 0» I70» 10* 10* I40»

1 0' no- 1 O' 1*"' 1 0*

Figure 49. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers.

41

170' HO-

IBO« 140" tW 170' \%0'

no- 140' HO' HO"

yi Wr^ '

" ''""'"'1' ■■..,■■■ '^i-J Vj-rv}^' ""'"

' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ■ ' M

Tm jfJ*^ TOGIA

K VICINITY ! AREA 45 -i- TW i i<y^ NimHAr:*>' wi/»iiliItv abca ^c II

T /X

1 i^H-

:l. ,

^Vhr k

.o-.-i-.-Sr/

zrJJ^Kxi,! "•"""^^/ z

< ^\. '^^L^ \^^ <

^^ ^

&tt +^, " '' ""tf Jk

'""""X'::::jXi

?" ' l^- """"•'' x-^v^

t 1 tQ^

: iFj(X-

AlKbL.

»• J*^'

CT) it3:c"'4i"

t I X ivK "1

L,^

' ' ' "-Tl

-jj ^-

1 ii V '/tI^

T till 4-iJp|\

4. '

R R , . "^ f

t 1 1 T Tj. '

( v'^fc '

J*«L so

1 ^*o^

T -^V ■ "

1 ^H

^^ -

1 ' ' \ *

ii" ---r-T"-+t"""+ ^^^rJ

:::::::::±:±i:::r:Tt^-^ ::::::::::::::::::::::"

:::::::t:::i::::::::::;:^l

t X- - - -

. . _± P .5

ir ^

:::::::: ^7

ir;

4^ ^(

\

X- %, I

: ^A,

1?

Tif

1 if^ :

: -- X

* \

\ 5«

, _L ^ *

c "

I

50' --

::: :-::::.:;:;.:.;;_;. :.;;:;:: so-

170* l«0'

1 0' l«0» 1 0" 170* l«0»

lio- 140- 1 0» 10-

Figure 50. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Togiak and Nushagak vicinities.

HO* 170* 160' 180' 140"

170. 160. ISO. 140" ISO* 120.

\-l TWi -jM'naknek-kvichak aIrea

47 ^' e^ E6EGIK AREA |48

^?f A 1

7\ UGASHIK AREA, 49 §

TV , /d. a^ ,

ri ^ 1

.0. - — -iS^/ /TJ-lh^^-)

"^""t^^/ y? 'i^ ^1

zi -y^ <W:i^^>:t.

-e L,/ /Vr TS:-e

'T^IT

^i Tf^ ^ "^i

:_^_::""::::7^?2tT

T-^-+4 --^.DC^--X-t

'Vw*'" /vfl ■ ' i r'**'"

65. ',^M ' I

1 \"^ Ct' ' ' V ! )

.___ _.. ?-,^? I' t

ut X 1 [| , Y' T 1 ^x L

^J— + "+ — 1+""

"^IS Ti^' j^ iii'Vi

tr S < ■ " ' ' J- i _L -J' i

■ ■ "* : '

+ 1 1 1 1 s^

so- 1 ::..:..^_t:_' "" 4-tL

j v^'V*

1 N^^

' i

1 ^ij^

V -P

-... :*: T t t"±i z^4^

46. ::---;:x: :::::::::::::::;:::::::::::::: ;::::j::::

' " ^^ "r r

_ i;- r ^i

'-: + ""t(

:::: :: +""Si

in

...4- -^_J^ .

_ __ ^

!?

- r~"r^

86* , _

\

in

J- ■^

,

80. - _

1 0. 170. 10. 10' 140*

170. leO. 1 fi. 140' 10' 1

0*

Figure 51.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Naknek-Kvichak and in Egegik and Ugashik areas.

42

.._' 190' 140*

1 ' ' >; I ' " ' I ' " ' I ' I I ' I ' ' ' I I ' ' "^^
SOUTH OF ALASKA PENIHSULA
(W. OF I59*W1 AREA '53

W

SOUTH OF ALASKA PENINSULA
^ (E. OF 159* W) area' 54

I ' " ' I ' " ' I ' " ' I ' ' 'fP

I ' " ' r " ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' I r ' ' ' I ' ' ' iT^^p

KODIAK island' AREA 55-56

Figure 52.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered south of the Alaskan Peninsula and in Kodiak Island.

Figure 53.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound.

43

IBO- I40' HO- ISO-

140- ISO- ISO- 140- ISO- 120-

ICY STRAIT [jlSTRICT AREA 62 CHATHAM DIS-|-RICT AREA 63 PETERSBUfib DISTRICT
1 1 1 AREA 64

4^^__l|Jt^^ ^ I SYT^

' 1 iI^S^^LV' '^ ^i' 1 . FS^^O

G? ''' ' ' ^SX r ^Or '* '

' t 2 1 t 1 [Sfiw *- vf ' ■ 2 i

fl?" 'W^) ' ' t ^TT ■'■ ife)

"' ' ' ' ■Wi)

1 1 Ij TjT , , ' -JvLi

4- ^ V r\ ~t

Arxk. *" 1 TvTv

J^ \

' Pt T 1 1^ \

80* 1 fV^!?!

^k. -11. X^

W^lr. ^V^

^ 1 1 ^'^

1 [ ^ ift i 11 ^K

M V *

' ! V i 1 \ i

, 't

i_ 1 ^ 1 i_i_ %_

■

! }

-- ^/

"-■ - - +- --r\ -

,o-:i--i-- "i-i iiij^i it: "

"-.---]

in

\ + \ -

----- :::i: ""-;:: xit :^ :

: : : :::i:X -- - - T -- -.iiiiiw

^i _^ jr±_ ^iif

f i 4f

, - jS

33- \

" J

. ___ 1 . __ __ _. I^

■

.

50" ■•- +■■ 1

1 1 1

Vl«

ISO- 140- 10- 10-

I40» 1 0" 160* I40» 10" t b"

Figure 54. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Icy Strait, Chatham, and Petersburg districts.

Figure 55. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Prince of Wales and Ketchikan districts.

44

Figure 56.— Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Queen Charlotte Islands, Nass and Skeena rivers, and

central British Columbia areas.

ISO- 140' ISO- 160- 150-

I40» I30» 150* 140* 130* 120"

^IVERS-SMItIh inlets :i. JJ^ FRASER R

1 AREA 74 !. -^A

vIr area 77 WEST COA^T VANCOUVER 1.
1 1 AREA 78

kriTi^s-,. i ,^^ <mt -^

^%b f^tt"t"^^

.,.■ ' f ' 1^) ■: " mr^' ^

'T&i ] ^' ' - ■ '■ Tfe)

' i J^V • "T^ '

' "Si -^ ' ' ' -T-L

1 ' 1^ V\ >k"^ ■ '

^vCVv A- ' -H W^

si J j^

-^ _h ' T !5 Jh

- ■ t ' ) ' 1 '' 'k 1"

1 i ----- Jiv . X-+-i--J3-i:I[Iiv -.,

...^ t^J^^Jv* tti--T ^^^>^ -

1 ' '

... . -j-

:4.:^ 1 :::+:ttirs ::::::::::::;:t]::t;:;:^i:. n

, . , , , , . ;

, . I J 1 .... 1 ..... 4

■ t ■ !

1 /

1 t

! (

- ' 1 t-.

j

_l -1 _t- . - 4

- --{- ~t~

'' " '^ \, _^ L_\,

■ i '"

- -'- — " "^ f _ :._ _ -^ -f

1

^^ __\

1

j:\ . __ __ -jA 3

"" " + ^ < „ ..^^^

. _

,-^- ■ -j- - - '

- i X - -- -t - -- - . - - - -. - -

ISO" I^O" I30» 160" 1 0"

140' 10' 10- 140' 10' 10

Figure 57. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets, Fraser River, and west coast of

Vancouver Island.

45

Figure 58. — Tagging locations of maturing chum salmon recovered in Puget Sound and on the Wasliington-Oregon coast

and Columbia River.

i3o» i4o» ISO* leo* 170* lao*

170' I60» ISO* 140* 130- IZC

'-'>'--4?-^KH0TSK AND BERINci SEAS

r^r-t AREA 2IUI AREA 22-26

< V ^^Th-f

Muv'^A 7 /

L.^ < s^^T^Wv,

/J \y c V

A\X ''-^'^'-J (i"""""--;-.

"""■ 7/c?i 1 '■ "w.

/„_ 1 %

-S^ mk

5v.. -4z--4.i Ll-i '-

i __,.^ . _M) 5,

^l^t % 91 /F ^--"-- '

J 1. .^ r- TL

iWKp 21 , ^

J, !^ 1 TT 1 X i4j Vi

] :r::::::::U""r^ '-r".:/"' ■■

'.■ ■■" "' < ' % \.

A\ - / T ' 4 r^ s '

1 1 1

60.. - ^ 2-± l...-i ___i_

.i. . i... 1. ..! ;^v 30

/t- pq« ' - ' ^ > ' ' '

ls\v

Z f* ,, _„ ^ „ ' x

* " iT^^

/ V i;

i ' +1:^ «

,___ V _^_ _,___ . ___^

~r

46' . /- - -M\ > S J- " "

""" """" r j: ^ „.

-M-^/tf^—- - - -

'-^ i -S^

(

ii-3f i - - -

«•■- - ^ ^

__ _ >

._ _ .-%J (L ' '^' ''' "^ "^ "" "" ""

— _._

.-_ _ -jj/ U " '^ '" ^

._ -,-^ t_ .

if.-^y->^^^l . J :____"__ _

:;; ::: :::::: ::::::; :.:::: :::::::: ;::::: :::x s»-

(■ 30

iT!?p^ ^

} i '" ,

w

50' ■ i ±

»•

ISO* 140* 150* 160' 170' 180"

1 0' i«o' lid- fo- 10' 10-

Figure 59.— Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

Okhotsk and Bering seas.

46

-

l""l 1 '-^L> + --^r^ l^iL-jX |l w'^T^^

\ __, /TCl, Jj^ WESTERN NORTH i>ACIFIC
Jf" VfTtll ARFA ?7 ?<»-Sril

-

/ , i y"^, /ffTh-f

-^%/ ffSK w

t^ 4 /t^ ^"i^^ ' '

/ \\y /n

^ Y]/ -S L ^iSii

V:::r:::: :_::t li -'::":::::::::::::::':

/ '^'w? ' ' rUk!-

/ 7 V it

zCi-i;---- Ci.,^ ■.....::::.:.-.

c#^ ^""4 " 1i|?fei

^, 5^t ^^+ ^■> , _ ^

• T -1-^ 4 li '

'^^iifv: J I ^ , .. . .^ . ^

J* i| triVi

r ! ' ' pi \

uVil I iK^''"' '' ■"'' ""

f T" " 'Vs

/. A ! ■ • > ," 1 ' M ' 1

* NtTs^i ^

JlUiMUlW ll-II I'M ll'l ■ lMi»l>li|ll I'lllll II II li I'll 1 II

1 f~rMH ~

/ 1 vL i'* ' ' ' _iJ '

1 ' 1 ~^ t" ' i*

. V

1 j^

-^^

-X- --- — - ----'%']

1 f

\

C a ' ^ '

7

. --

t 1

^

;«' / 27 29-30

_ __ ^ ._ ^_,

Lr 1 I

■ 1 ) 1 1

.- . .- --- - - -- - .-. ._ — _p

.-'^ J, . _^ ^ . 1 ^ .

^.^^/l: . . ___ :;_ . 2

- + ^

■j'X T

_ _ _ . _ ___ ^ a

— , — 1 j

g

0-

i40» ISO* ieo» 170* ito*

170" 180* 10* I 0* 1 6» 10

Figure 60. — Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

western North Pacific.

30* I40» ISO' Ifl0» I70« 180*

170* 160* ISO* 140* 130*

120*

" " 1" "1 " ' ■! " "'■ ■"■•" ' ^l^-[-j--|^

\4.-L

S:^--^C|p^'""'""'' '"■■■■[■■■'■r ■■■■- '
y^ -^J^ central-western' NORTH PACIFIC

h""

.^ if jm-^^—

£ \m ^

flT v^ 4<rh<

'"'-"'1^1 /<r^K h

^rmrfT^o^ A L- i

/ T 1/ (^' 1

''' ^f jB ^ "^i5^^,

y :__„^„;_/ (t

J ,fr\% ' i c5X^

y-- -^i--^ / ^

iX ' ' irffl**"

BV

X )

(fr ' ^ ^fFI)

^^4 . ^— .:: i

• 'i' i ' "^ *i

4^' ' I 4^ ' ^ .W>\

) ^ \ I ' " 'ji '<.- jt

«-• '' '' '" ^^ \\

A U 1/ . . ' 1 !i >■ ■ 1 ?£i

r T Zi ' » 1 <S 1 1 2 1 ! 4

r ' T ■• "*" "^ Ti" "> "~i"t ~ Til'

rif : ijl 1 Ht IS 1 269

__.^ . . ...i._ .1 ...itTTf "^ 1T 1-^

30

' ' ' T T-l xjj

&

/ JV ^ 4 ' ' A-

/ jlfi f 1 1 0 K 1 1

/A ,'' i 1 1

1 1

tzW .\--Srr\ ■. 28,31-34

r

in

-|-jl -J /-i4 - ! - -- ■ — ■ - -

4

IN-

l4?

1 J ' i !

''i

3S'

I j*-r^ I )

\

,

^it 1 \

; V

-- - - - - 1

. j

30*

W

1

0« )40" rSO» 160' 170* ISO"

170* I60» I50» I40» 1 0»

1

0'

Figure 61. — Tagging locations of chum salmon (includes matures, immatures, and maturity unknown) recovered in the

central-western North Pacific.

47

no- ISO" 140' IJO* IJC

I ' 'vi ' " ' I " ' ' r " 'I " 'I I " ' 'I I ' ' 1^°= -

HONSHU AND HO|<KAI0O
AREA 1-2

Figure 62.— Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging on Honshu and Hokkaido islands.

Figure 63. — Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the Kurile Islands, Japan Sea

coast of USSR, Amur River, and Sakhalin Island areas.

48

140* 180* leO' 170'

' I " ' ' I " " I I " " I °^°^

OKHOTSK SEA COAST. SHELEKHOVA BAY,
WEST KAMCHATKA, AREA 7-9

Figure 64. — Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the Okhotsk Sea coast, Shelekhova

Bay, and west Kamchatka.

so-

40* 190* leO" I70* I80*

170- 160* I50» 140* 130* (ZC

n'-'-

'■"■'"'■'■■"' ' >^ _ ^>S

:N, JJh^ EAST KAMCHATKA, KARAGINSKII DISTRICT,

,^ ff" yr'iT

/\ ANADYR RIVER i AREA 10- 14

/ i/S >r

T^«_ , /tfi ilHC i

/ ^ T^._^XT>./^

Mf/ /rJ,k>^r

/

^nrrrn^r^ Fjf

L.V <'d I^-tv.

^y ^

"^f ^ s?^,

d- / M

7/27 W,

^" ^"" / 'TT^ EEE^

^'1*

Ao-

^C + -!,

S^,

-. ? /^ Et "

• 'X- -Tt

ispy ^ ,r^ '

X' ^Mr\

_

> 5 \

Mt ::;::,r:+-::::::::::;-:::^-^"'^'---

" 1 — ^4iv

'"

t^it- ' ^

r "^ -

/

I: ^

-^ ' 11 1 .'■ 1

^.4 __ _ +_|_^^^

__LrsJ_L_L^s^l " \ '

/I

^ 1 J

At

W•^ ----

... 1 ^^ .

i^:'i
1^1 tr

" , "" - -(

"% , " '--

'

-t

.1: ;___._!.

U- -""--""-"""""""--"-

"" " ^.^

r 1 i L^

— ; ^ . f

i : ii ^

'" '' ^_ ^ _ ._ .1

^T J IT ___ __ -" " \\

_ _ - - ^

^0^

) --] 1 1 t ■■■

^o'

1

30*

40» ISO* l«0" 1 0» 180"

170" 160* ISO* I40* 1 0" 1

0*

Figure 65.— Tagging locations of chum sahnon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in east Kamchatka, Karaginskii

district, and Anadyr River.

49

1

^'"1

KOTZEBUE SOUND tO
UNIMAK PASS AREA 40-50

^Tfru^^

t ' ' ' ' I ' " 'T

I ' I I ' ' I

SOUTH OF ALASKA PENINSULA AND
KOOIAK ISLAND AREA S3-S6

T " ' r

140'

COOK INLET AND PRINCE
WILLIAM SOUND ARE Aj 57-99

Figure 66.— Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging from Kotzebue Sound to Unimak Pass,
south of Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island, and Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound areas.

HO* 170' 160* lOO' 140*

I30* leo* IDO' 140* 130" lao"

^T '^i y^,....r-T ■■■i'"|r'"

1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ■ ' ' ' v>; 1 1 . . i 1 . i . . 1 . . . 1 , . . ; 1 1 . . . . 1 i . . . 1 . i .

I T^i rU^SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA A

REA 62-66 JJ^ BRITISH COLUMBIA IaNO WASHINGTON

Im """ ^ 1

'- 1 AREA 70 - S4

-U Xftnii

f~ '-^^^A>'( jf^ ^ h

t ■ ii^^ < ^t I^^

'f ^ t ^

M '^'"^'■7 Jh \~ ~ ~~~ ^IT

_ //?2tl, " 3

ftl. } /f^r 1 SA'--

^ ^ _u-.-^ 1

OBkL ycf n^w,'"

- ~M'

\w ) if^' ^Sf ) 1"

.^» .

- i $■ ' ' - i

4^'> t- 1

^' 1' V jZ 1' Vi

!s 1 ^"\

4

^^!L ::.:: :::::;.........::.:::::..j5v -»o

's\v l>3^ -

OS '- "- ^_ _ _ jTWS

+ n " i^n

1^ j^ ^.,

1 i /

/ /

( i (

_J_ j

_ _l^ ^ .-- ,

- r - _: .. __?

\ \ >«•

(--- --^ -»--|- ^JO

. - _ - - »•

110* I70» l*0* I60* 140'

1 0» HO' 1 0- 140* 10' 10'

Figure 67. — Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in southeastern Alaska and in British

Columbia and Washington areas.

50

Figure 68.— Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the Sea of Japan and Bering Sea subsequent to year of tagging.

SO" 140* 150' l«0» 170' 180'

170* I60» 150' 140' 130' 120*

■■■■!■■■ 'I'" 'i"-\' ■■■<"■' 1 >j^ .r^

^'"Vrrri^'""'"' '' '"'i' ,^.-..t'-

l-~ [-i

S| JJ'^ WESTERN NORTH I^ACIFIC

^^ if AtW ^„

r\ AREA ■ 27, 29-30

^:Xdf ^ ,

/ Tr ^,fT^{

"""4i5:/ jiTjlh^;)

Mrm'iV?'^ 7/L^

1i / 3</ ^C\^

/ 7 m_A

^-'sV^ 1 °S?^

A- 7 li '

) if^^ 1 ^5a

/ / ^'

[s( ■ Tt^*"

_ Zr. __].!, :...

rw' 1 vtf 1

^--?- > ^4- ' ' ' - -

rii;-?- i"'t""-i"'"i'i""i'-"--"+-4

^^^ 1 „= '

t ^' v.Vi

) ' - I ' i'^ '^ .:::^'^ 4V-'

(../ ^.__ _ _>^ .

n\ m ^ ' "l-'r-

.. :::.::. ....^:.........i::::,_..^K> . „

L A J ' T----r

%%.

l-iC ^ '-1 '" '

" _ T^

/_„ V- ■'^ ' " ^-X-^-

t ■■"" ■ i X \^

/ f? ^ Jr 't

/. ' AL ..s' ^ ^' ^' ' ' "

\ 41

A J^ i,^' T

„/^.,'^i P JJ .^ jr

^ . _.____.__.. __. -^

■^ .'irbS 1 !

j (

Sil r 1

_|_ j

1 1 J

r __ iit-S,

' i A j^ i

X ?

' ■ L -^ 5 i I " "

,__ ^^

Ti**"^ ,/^ "^ ' ' " ~ - - -

" TN, 55

^^* "-"' ' 1 ,

- - - h^_>,-

LTT^ J *■

UT fti" --- - -

^1

SO-

T )

-- -- »•

50» I40* 150" 160' I70* ISO'

I70' ISO- 1 0* 140' 10' 10'

Figure 69.— Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the western North Pacific subsequent to year of tagging.

51

Figure 70. — Tagging locations of chum salmon recovered in the central-western North Pacific subsequent to year of tagging.

I

52

PINK SALMON

Figures 71-89

Pink salmon are the most numerous of Pacific
salmon and provide a larger proportion of the total an-
nual catch of Pacific salmon than any other single
species. During the period from 1954 to 1961, pink
salmon contributed about 40% of the weight and near-
ly 60% of the numbers of all salmon caught commer-
cially in the North Pacific and adjacent seas and fresh
water (Neave et al. 1967).

In Asia, pink salmon spawn in streams extending
from North Korea and the Japanese Island of
Hokkaido northward to the Yana and Lena rivers
which flow into the Arctic Ocean. In North America,
pink salmon have been noted from the Russian River
in central California northward to central Alaska,
westward to Attu Island, northward to northern
Alaska, and eastward to the McKenzie River in
Canada (Neave et al. 1967).

Abundance of pink salmon in Asia is substantially
greater than in North America. During the years 1951-
60 the average commercial catch of pink salmon in
Asian waters (west of long. 175°W) was about 99.4
million fish; in North America the commercial catch
averaged about 31.3 million fish or about one-third
the Asian catch (Kasahara 1963).

Coastal Recoveries in Year of Tagging

Pink salmon invariably return to spawn after one
winter at sea, and high-seas tagging was done primari-
ly on the maturing individuals during their final few
months at sea. During purse seine fishing with fine-
meshed nets, the Fisheries Research Institute,
University of Washington, captured and tagged
juvenile pink salmon which returned the year after
tagging. The total numbers of pink salmon tagged
since 1956 are shown in Figure 71. Total inshore
recoveries from Asia and North America (Fig. 72)
show that most recoveries were from tagging areas in
the northwestern Pacific Ocean, southeast of the
Kurile Islands, off the Aleutian Islands, and in the
northeastern Pacific. Of interest is the virtual absence
of recoveries from south of lat. 50° N and between
long. 165°E and 160°W although substantial numbers
of fish were tagged in this area. Recoveries came from
tagging locations as far south as near lat. 40° N in the
western Pacific (near lat. 38°N in the Sea of Japan)
and near lat. 43°N in the eastern Pacific. In the Ber-
ing Sea the northernmost point of tagging which
resulted in an inshore recovery was near lat. 58°N (at
long. 168°E). These tagging locations do not reflect
the entire range of distribution of pink salmon which,
as shown by Manzer et al. (1965), extended north of
lat. 60°N in the Bering Sea in June and July and as
far south as about lat. 40°N in the central North
Pacific in May.

Asian stocks (Figs. 73-77).— Total Asian
recoveries of pink salmon (Fig. 73) came primarily
from tag releases in the northwestern Pacific Ocean
and the central and western Aleutian Islands area.
The easternmost point of tagging of an Asian coastal
recovery was near long. 162°W at about lat. 47° N.
There was a noticeable lack of recoveries from the
general area south of the western Aleutian Islands to
the Kamchatka Peninsula. Pink salmon are either not
distributed abundantly in this area or tagging effort
was inadequate in the area. An interesting feature of
the distribution of Asian pink salmon was that
although they are the most abundant of the salmon
species, their ocean distribution appeared more
limited than the less abundant Asian chum salmon or
western Alaska sockeye salmon. This could be an ac-
tual feature of their distribution or the Asian pink
salmon may not have been as available at the time
and areas of the tagging experiments as the chum or
sockeye salmon and their distribution not as fully
depicted.

Honshu and Hokkaido islands to Okhotsk
Sea. — Pink salmon recoveries in the northern Japan
Islands, Kurile Islands, Sakhalin, and other streams
emptying into the Okhotsk Sea all were from the same
general release area in the northwestern Pacific
Ocean; this was primarily the area southeast of the
Kurile Islands (Figs. 74-76). The single recovery from
Honshu Island, five fish from Hokkaido, and several
from the Amur River, Japan Sea coast of USSR, and
Sakhalin were from tagging locations in the Japan
Sea. The easternmost location of a tagged pink
salmon recovered in the Okhotsk Sea area (in
Sakhalin) was near long. 177°E and lat. 50°N.

East Kamchatka to Siberian coast. — Recoveries
of tagged pink salmon in Asia from east Kamchatka
to the Siberian coast were from quite different tagging
locations than the recoveries to other areas in Asia
(Figs. 76, 77). They came mainly from tagging
locations off the Aleutian Islands and in the Bering
Sea. Two recoveries in east Kamchatka and one in the
Karaginskii District, however, were from southeast of
the Kurile Islands. The easternmost tagging location
of a pink salmon recovered in Asia was near long.
162°W and lat. 47°N; this fish was recovered in the
Karaginskii District. A few fish from this district were
also tagged off the eastern Aleutian Islands to near
long. 163°W.

North American stocks (Figs. 78-86).— North
American coastal recoveries of pink salmon (Fig. 78)
illustrate that the maturing fish were primarily dis-
tributed in the northeastern Pacific Ocean east of
long. 155°W and in the Aleutian Islands area east of
about long. 177°W. A comparison of Asian recoveries
(Fig. 73) with the North American recoveries in-
dicates the general separation of the two stocks of

53

maturing fish except in waters along the Aleutian
Islands east of long. 177°W.

Inadequate tagging effort and lack of tag recoveries
from the central North Pacific Ocean south of lat.
50°N obscures the distribution of Asian and North
American pink salmon in this area of the ocean where
they are known to occur in early spring. The
preponderance of recoveries in North America com-
pared to recoveries in Asia, despite the greater
numerical abundance of Asian stocks, reflects the
difference in tagging and recovery efforts of the two
groups.

Northern and western Alaska. — Tagged pink
salmon recovered in Norton Sound were from taggings
off the Aleutian Islands as were three of the four
recoveries made in the Yukon River (Fig. 79). One
recovery in the Yukon River came from a release point
near long. 137°W and lat. 47°N.

Recoveries in the Kuskokwim River and Nushagak
vicinity (Fig. 80) were primarily from taggings near
the Aleutian Islands and in the eastern Bering Sea.
The range of Nushagak fish to the northeastern
Pacific Ocean was shown by the recovery of a pink
salmon that was tagged near long. 154° W and lat.
48°N. Pink salmon recovered in the Naknek-Kvichak
District (Fig. 80) came from tagging areas similar to
those that were recovered in the Nushagak area.

Recoveries in the Aleutian Islands (Fig. 81) were
from taggings near the Aleutian Islands.

Northeast Pacific coastal areas. — Tag recoveries
in coastal areas from the Alaska Peninsula to Puget
Sound were all from tagging locations east of long.
169°W. Recoveries from the south side of the Alaska
Peninsula (Fig. 81) were generally from the western
part of the Gulf of Alaska and north of lat. 50° N;
those recovered in Kodiak, Cook Inlet, and Prince
William Sound were generally from tagging
throughout the Gulf of Alaska to well south of lat.
50°N (Fig. 82). Pink salmon from the latter group of
coastal areas were distributed similarly according to
the recoveries although fish returning to Cook Inlet
and Prince William Sound indicated a more southern
distribution than Kodiak Island fish.

Pink salmon returning to coastal areas of
southeastern Alaska and northern and central British
Columbia were distributed in the eastern peu"t of the

North Pacific Ocean (Figs. 83-85). Little difference
was indicated in ocean distribution of tagged pink
salmon bound for individual areas.

Tagged pink salmon returning to southern British
Columbia and Puget Sound (Fig. 86) indicated a more
restricted ocean distribution than the fish returning to
northern British Columbia and southeastern Alaska.
Most fish were from tagging along the coastline.

High-Seas Recoveries in Year Tagged

Recoveries of maturing pink salmon in the high seas
by location of tagging are illustrated in Figures 87 and
88. Primarily most recoveries were of fish tagged and
released within or close to the area of recovery. The
exception was the recoveries in the Okhotsk Sea
which came mainly from tagging in the northwestern
Pacific Ocean (Fig. 87). Recoveries of tagged pink
salmon in the Bering Sea, in addition to being from
releases in that area and from releases in waters along
the Aleutian Islands, were from widely dispersed tag-
ging points in the northeast Pacific and northwest
Pacific Ocean (Fig. 87).

The major number of recoveries in the northwestern
Pacific Ocean was from tagging experiments east of
Hokkaido Island (Fig. 88). It is interesting that
several recoveries were made in the central North
Pacific Ocean (areas 28, 31-34) from tagging south of
lat. 50°N, although only a single recovery was made
inshore from this area.

Coastal Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

Figure 89 illustrates coastal recoveries of pink
salmon tagged as juvenile fish in their first summer at
sea. Because pink salmon mature in their second year,
they are only available for tagging as immatures dur-
ing their first summer at sea as age .0 juveniles. The
recoveries illustrate the movement of juveniles after
they leave the estuaries. Returns to Kodiak Island,
and southeastern Alaska, suggest that the juveniles
move westward. The returns to British Columbia and
Washington indicate juveniles from these areas move
northward along the coast. Movements of the
juveniles have been described by Hartt, Smith, Dell,
and Kilambi 1967; Hartt, Dell, and Smith 1969, 1970;
Rothschild et al. 1971; and Sakagawa 1972.

54

i, 'i —

■^™'

— --J—

■^~'

":r=

":ai

(^

i il i

aI^ 111

sM^^^

->

^

r*'

^. '0-»'5»^

?l

CM ijlf

in

10

^u

oo

fc

^

- k

-:aT»^

u^

CO

o

in

(0

10

00

(0

o

1 k

«0

in

0>

M

CM

rs

*

(0

OD
O

in

CO

CM

h-vA^

h-

lO

N

CM

01

N

CM

s

1 a>

o

01

at

1^

01

o

m
o

00

0)

N

J:

in

N

*

lO

in

m

CM

(^

CM

o>

CD

li-^

L 00

N

r^

in

r>-

o

"•

^^ *

in

fO

CJ

*

^

CM

^

s> si R

^

Si

2 <\ >

u>

CM

o

s

h-

N

o

N,> T" ~* A

■a^-

U>

m

(0

00

in

fe

f^

lO

K)

CM

CM

^

o

in

U>

u>
in

oo

- rv o^

<

b

cr

\

iVbU)

^ ^

I N^

o

CO

o

lO

O

oo

t^

—

u

V

f

V h^

(0

Ti

CM

♦

CM

CM

1

r

A-

^ i

CM

to

\i

0>

lO

CM

CM

1
I

'^Sr^

X

^■'

CM

CM

0>

N ,

in

in

*

P

*

1

K ^

lO

U>

IT)

*

CM

CM

:?

/"

^

(^-

o

lO

CJ

<0

CM

J
O

Sin

oo

in

U)

in

CM

fl^

~

^

<o

■ eo

*

^

;> ^^^

lii

" y

Uj

oo

*

0>

-

CM

/tM

lO

CM

CJ

o>

O

' \

\

o

in

*

u>

(O

m

_

1

X

t«-

O

lO

OO

o

in

in

CM

S

^ ^

CM

f.

lO

CM
lO

0>

CO

CM
O

lO

to

CO
CM

CM

CM

N

in

o

in

1

^/

? t^

If)

CM

CM

>-a^ \ ^^

'""-- C2

CM

*

Kl

^

CM

01

N

\.V^^

fr tl

^

CM

h-

*

in

CM

o

in

b

5^,-f^

\

K

o

If

^

CM

in.

P^

CO

CO

CM

CM

o
in

01

^\

,s..

iP

*

t^

^ ■

lO

(0

01

CO''

. 9t

iris-

in

lO

lO

CM
CM

m

CM

^-

a>

^ .

*

Ci'

fO

r '

t

* (ft

T

CO

. U>

O

o

lO

b

r-^

l^~

in

-,

^ —

^,— -

K

r^

/

^

• w

\_^^

X — ^ , '■

/-

/

h^

U^^

b ^

"x-

/5-==V^ 1

N

ai_

M

V^

K-

*

^

I

^ 'X

CM

*

* ■

V I

\

<\-,

;^ \

a>

r^

o

\ '-

\y

\

2

00

\

"V

\l

1?1

(0

CM

fft

\y

<,

5)

O)

Mi

'

- .

■s

^

OS

s

M

ed

01

nl

t»

^

-a

3

^

s

s

r/1

.a

*-t

fl

■B

n

09

fl

fl

3

«

OB

O,

eg

eg

^

tM

ea

o

■B

>^

S
a

2

U

0)

^

B

-g

u

IS

3

i

a

0)

o

fl

0

HN

OQ

•M

e

a

M

a

H

**

a

a

"O

fl

e«

V

^

4->

e«

S

a

I

9)

55

a

<

o
Z

■V

a

09

.2
*s
<

>

e

b

a
o

J

•a

I

56

^

s

IT

o

•n

4

c

»

?.

N

_, — ' ' , 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 . , , 1 ...,,,,,,,....

j' ; ' '

/

J<^^ ^ "

^

xSf /

/

; " r

A

/V^Ti

[U^— »

-—

— 1

,

r\ :

,

s

,1

,

1

.r^

V

1

^

0

o

x^

>i 1 '

1

1

—

— ' iS

.

Hi

I

f Lh

[ \i^

^^

P-

.

1

!

^_j

!

'

,

-^

UJ /'

V

,

1

a: ^' i

-"

i 1

•

o

< ^

f»/

1

5#

_i

- ^ y

'

1

,

^

^t.

1

j

.s^

'

j

^

i^

•

o

^^

^

\

'

—

X

-^Vi

vr

^^W

'

'

j

'

< X

1

I ,

•^

P- !

\

'

<-

'

< \ —

!

^

<yv) - ^

J

o

o

/

'

!?

,<,

l*t

—

1

B '

I^

n3

^ 1 ' ; '

k

M

i '■

^ : 1

S i ^

27 3

^

k\

cvj

1

' 1

/

^VI^

y4 - -.

1

! :

^ •

^ ,

1

*

1

,

\.

','.'..

'

1

:

_'

kOl'

1

1 1

0

p

''>

j

f;'

<Y

'

1

'i<

■

0^

«

—

C^

1

:

^

-

_^

—

J -1

!

n

j

V

1

1

f

—

1

]

—

"^'feK

'

1

—

K,r5-

'

I

;

•

2

1 —

l<^

J

o

^*i%

'

f^

1

—

.

—

1

,

—

—

'

CM

■■

,

—

1

CJ —

—

S

ii^^

!

!

H

_

_i>5

\

'

1

'

i 1

^

"^

I

1

1

o

—

—

1 1 1

p

' '

' !

1 ! 1 t

1

'

;

I

—

'

'

,

— 1

7

—

^

LS^

^

-

--^—

■ ■ ■ (

—

^^■^:r^

t^

1

] _

lO

1 — .-

1 ~l ! 1

—

—

— [— H — ^
- 1 i 1 1

&

P.>-

\,

<v

^^

_

tf)

— \ —
tn —

-, . 1 1

—

— -

— \ —

; 1

o

!£

i^

^

-(

—

to '

1

'

'^s

. -

csj

i

t,

V

cs>'

—

CM ' ' 1

^

s

^

■*>

F^

-

- <M

-, , , .

'ill

-

^

:iX

—

*n

1 .

-M-J

■^^ «•

' _

lA lO oi

—t

3

'

—

_ !

_

— 'T — fO

!

!

OJ «> —

I

•

'

'~' "^

~ ~

c»i <\j ■«■ ey

'

•

«^

Kr

a> <n —

«

'

[

rr

]

nti

^

k .CM CM

'

•v' ' '•-

'

1

^

I

^

'

;

'

t -

^-

I

^0>-^

7

.

•p

)

^

1

-^

r\

^

1

"N

ys='

<T

r

->,

^1

s.

r" ^

1 ,

■■

o

o

>

/s^^

i-^L

v.*S^

1^

>

O

T

3

^

" ' l^l"!

< ' ! '

\

>

^

•^■rA \

■ ^

A

^ 1 1 ;

^^ 9:s£'

^

1

I

L

\TP ''

. I

!(^

*K

■ 1

\U ^

!>

^\ ' '

s

,9n

1

^

—

LL

4

^ i

„

("^^

•

o

-

r-

-

, —

,

r-

-

1 —

-

-

[—

r-

r-

r-

-

T—

^

—

—

—

li

5

&

lO

I

Pi

M

.9

s

•a

M

ti

H
I

I

57

'I ' ' " I ' " ' I " " I '

HONSHU AREA I [T]

HOKKAIDO AREA 2

" I" "r " 'I " "I " " I'

KURILE ISLANDS AREA 3

" r " ' I " ' ' I ' ' " I =q^

JAPAN SEA COAST OF USSR

AND AMUR RIVER AREAjt* 5/

Figure 74.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Honshu and Hokkaido islands, numt; ibibuub, uuu

Japan Sea coast of USSR and Amur River areas.

Figure 75.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Sakhalin Island, Okhotsk Sea coast, and Shelekhova

Bay areas.

58

Figure 76. ^Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in west Kamchatka and in east Kamchatka and Kamchatka

River.

■ 3^<^

I I I ^ ' I ' ■ ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' ij

KARAGINSKII AREA 12 ^^

-J.

Figure 77.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Karaginskii and on the Siberian coast areas.

59

.a

I
>

e

0>

I

8

I

60

I ' '>;i ' " ' I ' " ' I ' ' ' 'I " 'I I' ' ' 'I ' ' " I ' "M"*

YUKON RIVER I AREA 42

$h^

Figure 79.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Norton Sound and Yukon River.

!•}■

Figure 80.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Kuskokwim River, Nushagak vicinity, and

Naknek-Kvicliak.

61

■d

ALEUTIAN ISLANDS
AREA S2

SOUTH OF ALASKA PENINSULA
(Ea«t^f IS9*W)! AREA 34

m

\

Figure 81. — Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Aleutian Islands and south of the Alaska Peninsula.

HO* i60» i«o» leo* ISO*

140* 130* 160' 140* ISO" 120"

' JJJri 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' t ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 '

-JJ^ KODIAK ISLAND
- "- AREA 55-56 |

' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' M ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' '

! COOK INLET PRINCE 1 WILLIAM SOUND
1 AREA 57 1 AREA 59

hW ^W '[\^ i ^ -^

i^-.^ .^ < i^rtii^-Lv

/ ffCS","^"' »**" 1 IJlMtU l/jf'sic'4 l^i' '

/^j/ 1 ■'»2 1 « 1 1 2 1 3 \) ^L 'V' •' '2 J 1 S

-^^^l^b^L. vTT^:siV^-+s^r,: -:,mi

"■ itT '*' '^*' **' ' Vjt ' 1 1 J!

!«,2I2|J|| iJ^Eh i S7«j 1 l^]7 Sljj '^1^) f^.

2 1 «^ "I '1 _^i 1 1,

iz^i *' ' ~ K 1 1 i ' 1^^ I +, - i

7 12 2 2 2 1 ,X "I 1 1

" vi V\ ' *is 1 i./V

IS 1 S • 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 II

>>> >' > Si S L

4 2 2 2 1 1 j^ 1 1

T" 1 ^"* i 1 ^"*

60-. - - 1- 1 1 l.l«_.l ._! .. 1

41 3 J2 1 1 ^V 1 1 1 11 ^V,

12 12 1

.J^ .-....-...- J« 50

1 T 1 2 1

2 11 III 4 1 I^

9 IM2I 1113 M

! IISSI2I II II 1^^

t i""'tk

________ :"_;::::;;i^ . „.

.. _ 4-j

' 1 ____/

(

_ _:;.._ \

_ 1

_ -_ _ -4- -

-H \ "•

1

1

i _L J_ L

30" £ . -- „ -_i- __

- :::_:_± ±: _::::::::::::_£.::: :::::_:: :::::::: :_: »•

160' ISO* 140- |(0- ISO*

1 o» 10* IM» r«o» 10- 10-

Figure 82.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Kodiak Island, Cook Inlet, and Prince William

Sound areas.

62

I«0' ISO- l«0' HO' ISO'

l«0« ISO* IBO« I40» ISO- 120"

■ ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' r '-^ ■■ t' '- '-'-^

ICY STRAIT DISTRICT
1 AREA 62

, , j.^ t"' ' ' ' 1 1 ■ ' M ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' —

I CHATHAM DISTRICT PETERSBURG DISTRICT
1 AREA 63 1 AREA 64

^ C Hi.',,. . ,«|iVJ^y(_^ ^ C ifll' , ,

^aM^ '^ ^ '^Kai^

60

"'I'm' ' i' i''' ' *'W^ \ i

' '' ^\) 1 ' IIS ' •'i*^V)

?n-" ! '' i i'TN

Lt _ i_ 1 jjW jt ^ II tsiswfiVs

V'i X "^^^ " U" i' ■■ i 14 41^^"

II , \ ^ t ' . \ fi

' 1 I - . 1

[V L 3-^

„. 1 ^ 1 1 t ....

I ^ P*"

I / ' 1 ' /

/ /

( (

. ^.- ^.>

_ __ ::r — "'^ "::" :::;:: '" T :f

3S

-- -- - -K -- —'- - -- - - -- s

^ -__ _ --^^

- -

- - - 1 -

1

60» 1 0* 140- 130- 1 Q*

I40« I30« IBO* l«0» 1 0« 1 0«

Figure 83. — Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Icy Strait, Chatham, and Petersburg districts.

no- I50» I40- ISO- ISO-

140* ISO" 150* I40» ISO* tZO"

■ ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' r ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' — ''''!''''!

PRINCE OF WALES DISTRICT
1 AREA 65

' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' I' ' ' — 1 1 i 1 1 1 ' ' 1 ' ^ ' |.^..-.-L.. ,., . 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 .

KETCHIKAN DISTRICT QUEEN CHJiRLOTTE ISLANDS
1 AREA 66 AREA 70

V iktt'i:xt^v^ ' 4^

■f^ob f ^^"'"^^H^

rL^lvT ' ik * ' ' ll' • • ' ^ *^^^^^^ Q? ' '

Mil 8®J5l_,.2 , cS-L-uX ^''' -i'^iffi: ,

IjC lis 5*1 8*(JSr^ 24 ~^

' • '^Iwi^ 1 1 «: TvW.k'

"•-' ' ' * ,"* 'p^'^ift}

T| 1 s 1 •H^ov'* 1 1* 1 *aS1

1 , 1 5 T 2| 3 5 50lol3»t 3 ,

2 l| S I HSfqW It 5 1 1 2 ! I tti '

1 ii ' M'^^C-i * ^ ^ y.

~L * ' X ' ' "^ V

1 111 1 jStX 1 1 iSCi \

, ^*, *^ -f-

ll , 1 "\_

Kn> V*^^

' T*^ ' 4^^

u" ' ' L ' '"!bL^5^

^ ^ * ! i'i^K_Mr\ 1 p^^Sn

1 1 1^ 5*m

I 1 1 5' ::^^ . i^k

2 1 ) "T ^^

' t ' \ i _L' I *

1 2 4- X

16 1 ■ -

t"±^--~--------^V' .::!-;-+:; ^V -

,1 . T1

■

( (

.

1 \

i ,

* !

.-_ .-_ ^ _...__ .__ .__ J_

__4___j__^

^

L f . __ ... -^- -S

__ _^ 13,

_ _ . - - ^ _ _j_ „ . - - - -

■ .- ----K- - -- - — -4^1-

1 V

... . . - -

1

' ■ ■ - -. -

"

-- ^zyr } .___.. .-

.„ . _j :±2 — ►-

0* 160" l«0» 1 0» ISO*

I40« 1 0" ISO* 140* 130* 1

Figure 84.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Prince of Wales district, Ketchikan district, and

Queen Charlotte Islands.

63

ISO- no- no- ISO-

•O- IJO' ISO' 140' 130' IJO-

, , , , 1 , , , , 1 , , r |- |-T 7 T I 1 I I I 1 J I I I I 1 I I 7 , , . , 1 . 7 T 7-pr r T-|-

1 NASS RIVER j
1 AREA 71 j

1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' ' ' ^ 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ■ 1 ' ' —

SKEENA RIVER CENTRAL tRITISH COLUMBIA
AREA 72 AREA 73

"" ^ ^:T_^V:t^^, /L'^'^.^^'jrii^^,, 1 .. ^^'r'M'l^^^.. T

^ ^^ V? ' '^'

'' ^ T*w' ? 'tlvi " "*' ' '^w' ''

a- 1.-- Ul^Q)

* ^''4*v(m] 'T I 1 1 ^•'•^^^)

( niiriTl ¥^10 1 j ' 1 1 114 7 7m iieSiV ,1

li 1 ' ,, jS^

iii,/jE!^» 4 1 fii'4»i^'*

:r::::::::::::::*i 1 :::::::::::rT

II l!J^\ IJ7«l4«s\

1 A

H-- '• '-XiL 1 T V-/"' '•^kl'"'

,0. ± »--^v -~i

! ti05{V - ,

1. 1 *+-rVw\W - 113 2,! "^Ko(W

P^^

■. i__t-ri 1

1 i' ' V* 2 ' 1 \2

4lk

i ^ ^"j-"-; I

46. :::.:;: ±— ± :.-. j^ ::::.::::::: il

„. ^._ . _- Ti ._. __ .

J ^H ^-_- J .

1

"" +( ' """ ' iH

■ . _ -- - J

"J ' M '" ' ' \

„.: tti

.__: i-iii .::":""::;::""+": : ±i

" ^ "I _ '_ : :^

- __ _ J _ . —

^__ _ --? -

i _ _ \

,.. ._.._.__ ._ . .xx; - -

^A ""'"\

-t- ( -- K-^

- I- -- ---- +- ..._-, f 1.

j^

]

IBO- I40' 10' 10'

40" 1 0" I50» 1 0* 130" 1

Figure 85. — Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Nass River, Skeena River, and central British

Columbia.

'I' " 'I' "I I" ' 'I I'

RIVERS -iMITH INLETS
I AREA 74

'""'""'""f

I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I '

I ' ' ' 'I ' ' 'I I' ' ' 'I ' ' " I ' " ' I' '

IPUGET SOUND

I AREA 02 a 89

QUEEN CHARLOTTE T JOHNSTONE STRAITS,
STRAIT OF GEORGIA, FRASER RIVER
I AREA 75-77

Figure 86.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets. Queen Charlotte-Johnstone

straits to Fraser River, and Puget Sound.

64

Figure 87.— Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the Sea of Japan and Okhotsk Sea and in the Bering Sea.

Figure 88. — Tagging locations of maturing pink salmon recovered in the western North Pacific and central-western

North Pacific.

65

170* ISO" 150* 140' I40»

130' 140* ISO* 140* 130'

120"

J Jy^ KODIAK ISLAND 1 SOUTHEASl

ERN ALASKA NaIsS 8 SKEENA RIVERS FrIsER RIVER a
^ 62-66 IaREA 71-72 SALMON BANKS

(^ I AREA77aei

■-^-i^ AREA 55-56 1 1 ARE/

,^"^x^ { nShy ^T - ^T'-,

" I^^Vvv " '"^t^^tv.

r

t^'sy^"" S^'^^^

} 'f'c? ) '^

BLL ' ' ' rw*" rl^'~

s5-:i""~",^'?^ tl+'^tlt-i-

^j X' ' vS?-Ly ' V©)

1 ■ '^^ 1 : '

^K\ ffiL fi ^

|if '+ --^^^— -^-- ,

'>s V\ 1 1^ tT 1 ' >4 V\

P n ' %i n N5 \

I'li T^t , " Tlll^

'1 I 1 1 1

Y^v, V^*^ ' 1 v**>

90*

oo-.-- 1 J--^ ^--1- -^-j---f--

Su^ ^ N^-i 1 ' ^ ^5t-

-r_-T-^-t_ XX

1 ^i*^ I ^{k j i ' :»

! V * 1 V * . \ «

^--^ ix""

' i '1

::::;:±j:( p::;:::::::::::5 :::::::::;:::±::±:s

' ( ' ' (

40

' \ \ \' \

-;-IN- -i ■ A, ^ ; Ia.

xr? ^-- --- -^ ^-3? +- -- x;

W 11

\ \

\

'\

"

"*^

■

]

Hi*

|70» 160" 150' 1 0» 140*

1 0» \ V 1 0» I40" 1 0"

1 0-

Figure 89. — Tagging locations of pink salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Kodiak Island, southeastern Alaska,

Nass and Skeena rivers, and the Fraser River and Salmon Banks.

66

COHO SALMON

Figures 90-104

Coho salmon are produced in Asia and North
America in numerous small streams as well as in
tributaries of larger rivers. In Asia, coho salmon occur
at least as far north as the Anadyr River and occur in
mainland streams southward to the Amur Firth and
the Islands of Sakhalin and Hokkaido. In North
America, coho salmon occur from at least as far north
as Cape Thompson in the Chukchi Sea south to
streams tributary to Monterey Bay, Calif. (Godfrey
1965).

Although accurate estimates of the size of either
Asian or North American stocks are virtually impossi-
ble to determine, it has been estimated (on the basis
of commercial and sports catches) that North
American stocks are somewhat larger than Asian
stocks. The ratio of average annual catches of coho
salmon for the period 1954-61 has been in the order of
5 million fish in Asia and 7 million fish in North
America (Godfrey 1965).

Coho salmon as a rule spend but one winter in the
ocean, and the high-seas tagging experiments were on
the maturing individuals which return to spawn that
same year. During 1964-69 the Fisheries Research
Institute, University of Washington, fished in coastal
waters with small mesh purse seines for the purpose of
capturing and tagging age .0 fish. Coho salmon from
these taggings would return the following year as
matures.

Coastal Recoveries in Year Tagged

The tagging effort for coho salmon (Fig. 90) as well
as the total returns from tagging (Fig. 91) indicates
that the ocean distributions of Asian and North
American coho salmon do not overlap extensively.
The several returns from immediately south of the
central Aleutians (long. 175°W-177°W), however,
produced several returns to both Asia and North
America. Only two returns were from releases in the
Bering Sea.

Asian stocks (Figs. 92, 93). — Returns of coho
salmon to Asian streams (Fig. 92) were from tag
releases in the northwestern Pacific Ocean mainly
north of lat. 48°N and west of long. 170°E. Eleven
returns were from the Aleutian Islands area. Nine
returns were from tagging south of the central Aleu-
tian Islands which compares with 12 returns in
northern and western Alaska from this area (see Fig.
94) . This particular area constitutes the known area of
overlap of Asian and North American stocks.

Sakhalin Island to west Kamchatka. — Tagged
coho salmon recoveries in streams emptying into the
Okhotsk Sea (Sakhalin Island to west Kamchatka
(Fig. 93)), with two exceptions, came from releases
south and east of the southern tip of Kamchatka

Peninsula. The single fish recovered in Sakhalin
Island was from a release near lat. 52° N and long.
168°E, and one recovered in west Kamchatka was
released near lat. 49°N and long. 169°E; those were
the easternmost points for releases recovered in a
Okhotsk Sea tributary.

East Kamchatka to the Siberian coast. — Coho
salmon tag recoveries in the areas from east
Kamchatka to the Karaginskii District (all but one
from east Kamchatka and the Kamchatka River)
were primarily from tagging in the northwestern
Pacific Ocean east of the Kamchatka Peninsula and
from the central Aleutian Islands area (Fig. 93). The
northernmost recovery of a tagged coho salmon was
made in the Karaginskii District from a release south
of Adak Island in the central Aleutian Islands.

Although the difference was not pronounced, the
distribution of coho salmon from east Kamchatka was
slightly north of those from west Kamchatka which in
turn were slightly north of the fish returning to the
Okhotsk Sea coast and Shelekhova Bay.

North American stocks (Figs. 94-101). — Recov-
eries of tagged coho salmon in North America were
made from the Yukon River in northern Alaska to
California (Fig. 94). The westernmost tagging location
of a coho salmon returning to North America was near
long. 177°W, south of Adak Island. Most tagged coho
salmon returning to North America were from the
northeastern Pacific Ocean.

The only area of intermingling of Asian and North
American maturing coho salmon, shown by the tag-
ging data as explained previously, was south of the
central Aleutian Islands between long. 175°W and
177°W.

Northern and western Alaska. — Recoveries made
in northern and western Alaska are illustrated in
Figure 95. The coho salmon from the Yukon and
Kuskokwim rivers came from the same general tag-
ging points, south of Adak Island and in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean south of lat. 49°N and
east of long. 154°W. The recoveries illustrate exten-
sive migrations of these stocks. Returns to Bristol Bay
streams show three returns to the Nushagak River
from tagging south of Adak Island and one return to
the Ugashik River from tagging south of Kodiak
Island.

Northeast Pacific coastal areas. — Tag recoveries
of coho salmon in coastal areas from south of the
Alaska Peninsula to Puget Sound (Figs. 96-101) in-
dicate that the distribution of these stocks is in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean. With one exception all
returns were from tagging east of long. 156° W. The ex-
ception was the recovery on Kodiak Island of a fish
released south of the central Aleutian Islands (Fig.
96). Although the returns were relatively few they il-
lustrate that coho salmon were distributed

67

throughout the northeastern Pacific east of long.
155°W.

The distribution of coho salmon in areas from
southeast Alaska (Chatham District) southward to
Rivers and Smith inlets (Figs. 98-100) was generally
east and south of the distribution of stocks from more
northern areas.

The returns to areas near Vancouver Island and
Puget Sound were, with few exceptions, from nearby
tagging areas, and the distribution of stocks was
shown to be not as widespread as other coastal stocks
(Fig. 101).

Washington coast to California. — Coho salmon
tag returns to the coastal areas of Washington,
Oregon, and California are illustrated in Figure 101.
Fish returning to coastal Washington streams showed
the widest ocean distribution of the three States; the
most distant returns were from off southeastern
Alaska and from the northeastern Pacific Ocean near
long. 143°W, lat. 47°N. Most returns were from tag-
ging off Vancouver Island. Columbia River returns of
tagged coho salmon were from releases off the river
itself and from near Vancouver Island. Oregon and
California coastal returns with two exceptions came
from tagging locations off Washington and Vancouver
Island. One Oregon return was tagged due west of the
northern part of the State about 670 km offshore. The
single tagged coho salmon recovered in California was
tagged in the northeastern Pacific near long. 133°W
and lat. 45°N.

High-Seas Recoveries in Years Tagged

The only high-seas recoveries of tagged coho salmon
in the year tagged were those in the Japanese high-
seas fishing area south of the Aleutian Islands and
west of long. 180°. These, of course, would be matur-
ing fish. Recoveries of tagged coho salmon in the
northwest Pacific Ocean (areas 27, 29-30) were, with
one exception, fish tagged within the recovery area
(Fig. 102). One coho salmon was tagged in the adja-
cent area to the east. Recoveries near the central
North Pacific (areas 28, 31-34) were mainly from a

group of fish tagged in the same area between lat.
45°N and 42°N and between long. 169°E and 177°E
(Fig. 102). No inshore recoveries have been made from
this particular tagging area.

Coastal Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

Asian stocks. — To our knowledge, no age .0 coho
salmon were tagged in coastal waters of Asia; conse-
quently, no recoveries were made of tagged coho
salmon following the year of tagging.

North American stocks (Figs. 103, 104). — During
purse seine fishing along the coast of North America
juvenile coho salmon were tagged resulting in several
returns of tagged maturing fish in the following year
(Hartt, Smith, and Dell 1967; Hartt, Smith, Dell, and
Kilambi 1967; Hartt et al. 1969, 1970; Rothschild et
al. 1971). These coastal recoveries were reported only
from tagging locations relatively close to the shore of
Washington, British Columbia, southeastern Alaska,
and central Alaska.

Cook Inlet to California. — Recoveries of tagged
coho salmon subsequent to the year of tagging were
made in areas from Cook Inlet in central Alaska to
California (Figs. 103, 104). Generally only a few
recoveries were made in each area and with very few
exceptions, the tagging locations were north or
westward along the coast from the point of recovery.
Some of the tagging locations and subsequent
recoveries indicated fairly long coastal migrations
during the juveniles' first summer at sea. Fish return-
ing to northern and central British Columbia (Fig.
103) showed juvenile migrations to the northern Gulf
of Alaska. Similarly, returns to southern British
Columbia and the Puget Sound area were tagged as
far north as off southeastern Alaska and the northern
Gulf of Alaska. Several tagged coho salmon that had
been tagged as juveniles in northern coastal areas
were taken along the west coast of Vancouver Island
and from Washington to California (Fig. 104).

68

? —

rrr

"^

'

'irVl

Ui

^

(^

-1

-

-^

o

p— n

r-^

-

•i?

f^^

-

J^*J

*

^

V

%i

w
*

CM
lO
(O

ff>

/^

h-

m

(D

m

0>

_

o

VK

«!•

to

lO

m

N

r-

CM

^

W oo

~-\

1 <*>

*

O

*

O

CM

CD

fO

N

CVJ

m

in

lO

CO 1.

k.

O)

^

r--

r>-

IT)

00

<M

CM

CJ

ro

CM

If)

^

If)

cvjHC irt<^

m

N

tr

CVJ

m

CM

o

(O

!

\ _

y

\, o

ro

O)

*

CM

j

fe /

\ \ i

g

Ut o^-rs S

^!^ «

V

%r ^

^

o

s

rvA^

^s.

^^

i

b,-

1

V

n

ID

CM

\

I

> L

V^

»

- fe

'^W

X

J

*

r^

:;?

p

^

f

m

(O

r^

ti ^-^^

'

6

■

^7

-

/

a>

ro

1-

r^

h-

" -N

*

1

3

\

CVJ

^

U>

1'

lO

fO

m

(^

r>-

'\

""

~~

*

fe N

f-

(

?/

(0

(0

0)

*

b

CM

c7

«■

CVJ

m

oo

CM

3

V

c^

^■^

00

ro

CVJ

O

oo

CM

&

^^

\

K

b

f

^

^

O

.

\<0

*

—

in

fO

\ "1

"C— r-^"

ir>

ro

m

1 — '"

••^

"^r

ID

K1

lO

fO •

.CM

CVJ

^

,*•

«

V

..

',

1

-;— ~^

-T

^

\

—

-

ip_

£q

r^

hA

ul

Li

iw

J*

(S

ja

5

eg

as

09

*A
<6

«M

o
a>

e

ll

73 n

(t O

B.i
ed 9)

a a
(d «

■= Z

-g

« ,2
- CQ

B
O

s

o

A
o
u

a

B

a

a
a

^

V

Ml

69

I

<
.a

o

e
o

J

•a

S

70

^

S

8

If

C

■

IT

K

s

•

N

' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' '.

3^ ' '

/

J?1*» r^ '

F-

Jp)/ / _

y

[ ^

/v-

; ,

^

-

-

1 1

»-'^

•

•

o

f

' 1

1

J

.'-at

cr^^

./?

—

-

-

--

-

-

-

—

.-

F

in-

p^

— ,

~

—

_

~

^-^

■

/.^S&^

r

\^^

TT

•^

■-1

-

\i4

•^

CO -"^

/

t " "

^ ^' f

-'

-

—

-

--

•

o

<. r

^-y

1

— -

LjJ

'•

I

1

--

—

-_.

- 1-

-

-.

-

1

—

(V

/

. i_

<

f

■

-

^

'

1

1

J

1

Ai

1

Js

1

,

**f

--

•

o

- ^

k

!K

^

-

--

i^-

: 1

t-C\.

■

^ ^

^ 'Jl. 'V

-— -

-

y

\

^

'

rf \^^:5t-

■^

< ,if^

s, V

•

o

<?^ -X •

/

p\V-

_

^?>^

^

_

p<,

»-' ^

'

1

\

;

'

s ^

?r i

^

'

. 1

/

^Kl^^A

r

■ j

1

'

_ ! - \-

-' '

^ ^ /

N

'

;

1

w

J.

[

1

^

1

1

1

•

p

/>

< (^

•

.

1

iS

'

^

ft«J

«

_J 1

■

[

■

^

1

J \

1

1

'

' i

' 1

/

1 m

1

!

] \

»"

—

9

1

F

1

«

o

f ■

\ '

O

—

^ i_.^

1%

' > '

1

—

r

^

I i i

' ■

1

/L

'

•

XJ

'

r^

1

i '

■

iw

'

k

*

\.

,•

*i

'

1

1

^

1

—

1

o

7

—

P

L

N

'

/

— 1

,

-

'

■' &

—

\

—

1

Ci,

* \

' f^

_

z

^~5^ ^-i?^

--*.

•

--

\^\ ^^»^f

_

_

2;^

"

o

J^

. *— -'^

)

_-.

▼

h-

■

\ V

CJ '

fO 1 —

■

!£

. -

>v

''^

fO

—

rz

>

U««N

. 1 —

CJ

1

I

Ip^

^:

:

i ;

^

">

1^

^^

V

—

[

-

S,

— *^

^

1

Jl

1

^

t

—

, 1

^

e

Xl

1 !

'

' !

e

r *

'

■>

«

—

1

'

*

7

^

1

I

k ^^

1

«^ .

T^

I

^

4

H ^

1

1

l^

(

T

,/

^

-

A

^51

r"1

-1^ t

' i

«

^

V^^

■r^

^*> >hh

Y ^^

0

^

iy^ — ^

-~1

>ji*

S

—

\

i

ki :

^

M

' ' 1

N

>

^

--

r^

? 1 : ! t

. i^rf*

k

I

i 1

Mr" ^

L

'

>

*k.

,

NJ ^

^

\

?

s

^0

1

^

J

r

\

.

-

A yx. .

,1

r ^-at

a

S

r-

—

1 — 1

, — ,

,

r-

— 1

1 —

1 —

-

, — 1

1 —

1 — '

V-

u

; —

^

L

\x

Pi

^

- m

■s

b
>

o
u
e

b

a
o

a

e
o

.9

•a

es
H

I

71

Figure 93. — Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Sakhalin Island, Okhotsk Sea coast, and Shelekhova
Bay; in west Kamchatka; and from east Kamchatka to Karaginskii.

72

h

c

i

f

o « o
K » «■

S S^

N

— ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 1 '^' ' 1 ' ' ' ■ 1 ■

J^^r^'

y \^

^jrfL'-rrrrr^y'-rT-r

_i

k/^A . \\ Y\\ \

W ^-CS« JR-t!

<

7^

c-z- ■ : f :

o

/^

^ ~ - [ . ■

- — o

^\

e -

-

—

< "Jbsi^

m

.

1 ,

K» — ♦

.s, r-^^fi

*

C4

0^ <m'

>' CM CN

1 <Tl PJ lO W —

1

If

» N —

— j \ —

^' •«■

r

T%

t

O

p

**/

(M

1(0

— —

—

2

CSi

*^

CSi

<

—

—

—

*

♦

\

2 »4

—

—

—

es

J _ lO

i

-

1*

—

|-

_

2

■ -

M

'

^

s

< t'

\

— —

— —

^ \

tv«

—

vr

k^

]

—

I 'Sj

. — 1

CM

—

H \^

'^

—

'V

9£ V. **

o >-^

s

o

9

\

,\

•

O

\

o

l£

<>T> -^ -^

•1

!£

i

—

> Ns ^^

^

t

?— L-

IV,

/L

, 1 ,

'

r^

s.

y

^h-

—

ikU

1-

1 \— -

J

\'

N

'

' '

,

\>

J.

r,

'^.

•

o

A

.

- °

^z

•

i^

1

^>V '

«

1 ^

•

;

/^

—

-

—

T^

-\ ^_

/

1-

•=

'

R

a

o

s

—

S^ r-

' .

r

, . 1

■

«,

s

V

-?

^^

]

p

-^ 9-

j

1

—

1

1

c'

7

^

1

' ^

^

-<r-

<->

—

- ■

. _

&

.P

N

^ H^:^

-

it S

^

r

tx

(

1

A

-J

\1

s

_

s

— —

1

^

[a

!

<^

..

-

•

-

e

ff?

■\.

S

1

5j

'

I

^.

zf:

—

i^[I

„

1 —

^ 4^

1 1 j—

^

—

"^^f\\C^

5=s|^|;

^t -^

•

°

\

S7

^-^

^— -^^

^j->y^^^L^- %

s

I

■V . IV; ^--

"^ N ' 1 ' ■ 5.

N

. >

< >» ^ j

, h-dO

N. '

\ J

MT

N^

C "X *'\_

n1

? fv/ '

\

V {W^ ]_

_1 jb^ _ 1

g

\ vTli

ft

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

kitt ^'^■^_ •

o

-

1 — '

1 — 1

1 —

r-

I

1 1

s

I

o

.a

I

O

a

es

•a

73

180' 170* 160' 150' 170'

160" I50» 170' 160* IBO'

■""""=;^r-— v^' ■ ' - r ■ ■ ■ r ■ ■ ■ ^ ~l?"""TYm

1^' ' ' ' ' ^^"""TVrn^' ' '

' ^ JJ?^ YUKON RIVER ' ^ JJ

^ KUSKOKWiM riverI t^' nushagak vicinity

T p\ AREA 42 j i X A

AREA 44 i " 7^h ^''^^ '♦*

1 ^ >- ^-L U6ASHIK „

/ /H. ixr i d~ ^ -i Cu. ARFA4Q,M^. itw

so. 1. — ^/ J-'T^S^- = --5Hl^

(^ /rJ^:^^^ i-"""3%/ w'Sh

4^ . / "^L ^

^:^Y^4-. i

"^'^y^^v """^ i^"""T"""""^'"y ^

_• 7/2?Ili •

>/££*[> i , i . Azfc2t_

: FkJ- i Ti 1 ■

i-'v' ■ ' i ' ' ■ r^sL ' ■"' '

«• ,M. ^l\ - " " ,

C/T ' 1 ' ! 1 ' 6^?^^ 1 ' ' ' '

^ jIjI ^ T

i ! ^1

::„„::::::_. i!.::::.::::::r:::Tt::::::"::::i!::^

t::4"""T"'i i ! i :: i^h it^r^vi i' '

-,.,.-..■: ^^_ 4 ; , -,- •■

50" 1 .

n i ^ 1 1 ^ ' "' 1 ii X ^i ' ' A-

1 t

■ ■"■ ■ ■ - (• ■ " ; j j- ■ ■

1

1 "^ "1 *"

Ifi* 1

■

1

i '

- - - - -1-

'

'

- - -

30- i -t

180' 10- 1 0» 150* I70»

160' 1 0' 170' 160' 1 0*

Figure 95.— Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Yukon River, the Kuskokwim River, and the

Nushagak vicinity and Ugashik.

I

170' ISO- ISO- 170'

60* 150" 140* 150" I40» 130"

SOUTH OF ALASKA PENINSULA, ^4 f--^; - 3

1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' '

KODIAK ISLAND AREAS 55-56 COOK INLET AREA 57

X AREA 53 I TX;

.„."^^< C^'rK L." — ^:---^^/

,w d_k£ l^t^v .J <Mtt Ici-ev.

":_l:::::^'^/ ^::^:"":""": ^

Jl^?T -^

rV^ ' ' ! >W^ Ot^ '^ 1 ^TO*-

5,.:::_::;,f?!':"" ' " t yM

t-,--^-* t-tt^ - t - - - -,-¥

1 1 ^ 1 jjii _j_ <! ' s ' }^_i

r X t 'tf

~[

' -^ T-

"*"

— _...-.. ( , . . i-

in

1

i" -:^ X

'

[

. 1 - . . . ^ - . )

— — — 1 — — _ ._.. ..

[ -1- i

TO' HO- I60» 1 0-

60' 150' 140' 150' 140* r

0"

Figure 96. — Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered from south of the Alaska Peninsula, Kodiak Island, and

Cook Inlet.

74

I«0* ISO* 140* ISO*

I80» 140" ISO- ISO*

140* ISO*

120*

: ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' '1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ■ ' ' 1 ' ' ' '

PRINCE WILLIAM ^OUND AREA 5
COPPER a BERING iRIVERS AREA

-t-"^" ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ■ 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ■ ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ■ ' ' ' t ' ' '

9 g YAKUTAT pISTRICT AREA 61 SOUTHEASTEf
60 1 STRAIT D

4^^ ^ic ^^

in alaska - icy
Strict area 62

C S-fi ' ^t^^

...^1 ^ti ' Ife)

j ^ ' iW) '"

1 ' i?fc)

-

nn

' li ' ' J ^-li

-^--' "" ^ if^^"" t''"^., t — i"'-'

' ' pis

;T; ' , ! ,f ^K

\7 |v.

- -- ^^\ \y%. 1-T-. t-

Tt'iIjFV

\

so- II . ^ r ., j j ' T^

^1 it l'#f%^^W^^

"■ ' ' * ' \\\

-t^ ■-4--4-+i---i^r :-:--:+:

;J-— 4f=f

«5 1 ( ^ )

I i H ^

4r>

"

___ __._ _ _ __^ -^ -__^

-^-\.

■"'

\

-4,^

■

'ix " -- - - - - --+->^ - - . -

l*i

\ - \

1 \

1-

-

i ' " x~ —

-]-

1 '

-=t

w

«0* 1 0» 140* 1 0"

1 0' 140* 10* 10"

1 0* 10-

1 0»

Figure 97. — Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Prince William Sound and Copper and Bering rivers;

Yakutat district; and southeastern Alaska-Icy Strait district.

■ ""('"1 r i| ■ Ml |i M ' II i| |i 1 |i 1 ■ ' iii| 1 1 1 II 1 1 ,| 1 1 1| |i 1 , ,| 1 1 II 1 , II , |, . 1 .

CHATHAM DISTRICT PETERSBURG DISTRICT PRIIfCE OF WALES DISTRICT |KETCHIKAN DISTRICT
1 AREA 63 1 AREA 64 i AREA 65 AREA 66

t'm^^v' Sw< ' ilJ^^ cwl*

i ' ^fc ' ^Ia ^'' 'mJ. ' '^A

i 1 ifflre,'" 'Swl?" '' 'pSife,'" [ [iVto *-

' v?^) ^v?l) * '^^ ) ^\ i) '

rTt i' jJV ii_ r '''■tli

' w r\ L i -i-SJ3h -L -1- i ri ^ ^-^ v ilVi

^ pT n ' p I R T N V

I + i . K_ ._. - ^ >_ ..,„._ 1 1 . - ^

1 iv°S Y^ 1 vS /' vS_ 1

.": " ttrt 1^ — 1>>^ :t"""t-t"-t":^"KV ^:"""t"":::^'""L^ ^^ ? >Ok _ '

r irSs T2fe 1 ±r fiS 1-- lU^

+--^r2 ■^t T" aC* :~Tr"""" + '"+ '/^ 1 1 1 T t^H

:::::+ l; ^ "^"±t ±t^ "-"t :.^ t i^ .,

~ Xl i hi

Xl 1 ' ---, 1

( "^ { .__ (

— i . _.. — __i — - ^ ^^

j J + ^

^^_^ ^ ,

■:-:.:;:._;:::.::: .:::::. :::\ "" +\ ""~ : .:i : :.:::: ::: ::; :::-: liPv j

1 — — J — . .-J. ^-

'1

. -- ._ . _ _ .. ± ;

0» 10* 10* 10' 1 0* 140* ISO* 140* 10* 10

Figure 98.— Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Chatham, Petersburg, Prince of Wales, and

Ketchikan districts.

75

ISO"

140- ISO-

140*

no-

40- ISO-

140-

IJO*

120-

OUEEI

'1 '

i pHARLOHE ISLANDS
1 AREA 70

NASS RIVER
1 AREA 71

1 ,,,.,., ,|

1
1

■t^" 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' • ' 1 ' ' ' '1 1 '

SKEENA RIVER C^NTI
AREA 72 j

' ' '1 ■ ' ■ ' 1 ' " ' 1' ■ '

UL BRITISH COLUMBIA
AREA 73

>\"^i V,

_

^^

- r^*— *-T^>

«•

, '^"^4*1

r-l

II

1

T ^W '

tr-t-^r

' ' TTO*^

yMiL. II 1 1

j Hefe.*-

S9- ^ ., i_

r I J^^£|

ilJ^Q) ^

T 1 i\it )

^~ ivw"!

Sf'

1 i II 421 X

■

1 MtiV j

i sCrT'

'■'; J^nry

' -~ -r

O >

h

: '

~V7Yt ~

',("?♦■■ ' '

i^^ r>^v«

' •»

\

; 1

' ^ n

' M T ^^

IRS \

so- . -I- -| ^

' ■ i I' ' '

-J

'

-' ■ i

. EH:-

4,-+ l^--. :- --!,, '.-[

.-4;^4.'.-i^

r . 1

i^ .

-^ 1 --^

\

^K

1 !

+ ^ \^ li II ill]

^T""—^-^

•X-

!| ' ^

V^

^

^ T1

1 '■

?i

i -II

=A'k

T T

^^ j ' ^

' r---if:^*rii>

foi'V ~

1

!

1, _,

^. M '

' i 1 I :

\ fi j

--i

V

1

i ; ! i

i^

-t+- -i-^ '

! 1

^ 1 ^

■ '

1 '

46* ',

1

1

1 ,

■r—

-X

!

■

^ . ■ ,

1

' t ■ '

-; —

-

1

1 1 "

1 1

1 '

;

t r-

■ I ■ r

— ^

-

.L

; , ,

[ l-_ ^ :

'

i '

-.^

[

_J_ 1

'

j— L^ .

'i H"" — ' — '

1_ jj —

n ! —

. ,_ Z-uT

X-i-

1

\

\

\

1 '

\ -

\.

b::: i .

V !

1

\ ■

' '.

A

, ;

ff

I?

T

, , , .

rj

\

1 It 1

1 1 1

""

^

35- ,

4-^

■ • A

^- .__

j

! \

1 1 '

\ 1

'

"~^

— \

,

]

-: J

1 '. 1

: , : I^ 1

1

_ ; A j

- "

: : : >

^

, —

H j

-- -i-.--

i

J

-^ - -^

_^-

4

""*' ^ .

_i^:-::::::

--~--±i'^

. j j-_- 1_ -

p-^

" ftc!-- ' " ' '

140- 1

0"

^

LLLLliliJ

1 0"

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ±

40- 1 0-

±: — : izrzt :-

1 0-

'^'"".M.'

d=d

1 0'

Figure 99.— Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the Queen Charlotte Islands, Nass River, Skeena River,

and central British Columbia areas.

ISO-

140- I30-

140-

130-

140

•

IX

•

40' ISO"

120*

1 ' ' ' ' 1 '
- RIVERS

j QUEEN
-SMITH INLETS JOHNS

AREA 74

— 1 — '^ — h- -t- ' ' 1 1

CHARLOTTE -
TONE STRAITS STRA

AREA 75 1

IT OF GEORGIA
AREA 76

L

FRASER R|
FUCA (C|

VEH -STRAIT OF JUAN OE
nodion voleri 1

AREA 77

"-Y-r-^^

"T>f;

%

^-l

'Til 1^

} «

i 1 ^

'Vl[

jOuT

-^^

i 1 : iW..

^SJ(l

L

ii:::ii

^ ria

^i-i>' '

1

M-W

r i T^

1 ^^k ^■

55" . '

^ffll ^

, , 1 ; ,

' ^Sl)

nt

' Ml 1

_JIJV

L.

1

' ' M P»

"

, Vl V

- ^'i^

-T-fj-^^V

\

^

LL

1 1 i v\ T

S^-1%

1 .L___.TT

•f--r----- ■

'i

! 1 "'";r jT^ - ■;,; "

^ 1

X.' -1- Mil

- ---i^T; -^

1 1

\>L J 1 i

r"':t^K

^ ; , ,

~!^V{^r^ - ' ± ^ i

,

V

■%f

1

1

2 1 1

f^'S 1

TT ■ T , ^

b^i i

f^ ^ 1 .

*" " „ Z-1^

V

1

:

« 'ilT^T'

+1 -^^'L

r* _L

' <

1 ■ 1

r* 4-

t

1

~t

III 1
' ■ ' 1

-^ 'jJ-^1

4 i it

-X H — ^ -

--Yr

V

i~v IJL-.,--^

-^

•

^ tP^^

■ f^ ) rr-

li " 4-tl

t

.

' ,

[

;

i i :-_

: ' 1

,

' 1

!

,

;

: i ■ i

1

;

J

;

1 1

'^

'

i ._ ^.

4r

*"

_j ^

1 ■ ■

-A ^

1 :

1

1

-\,

V

■

A, + ■

'

_^

}f

1?

— ^

'

i

! :\

\

\\ \

T i

^

1

■ \

' ' \

1

'\

,

1 ■ \

■

4^ -

" 1 * — -f ^■

.: t

I ,

.,|V. 1

1

■t -1

;

'

TftflJ

- !

- 1 ; -

'

\:

1 •

, , . ^

^-1-

- - — T - i- -

30.^^^Lijlii

' i'i.''^''''v

4r

3=

I40'

1 0»

14

»

I

0'

1 ! I 1 -1 1 r

I40* 1 0*

12

0-

Figure 100. — Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in Rivers-Smith inlets, Queen Charlotte-Johnstone
Straits, Strait of Georgia, and Fraser River-Strait of Juan de Fuca (Canadian waters).

76

Figure 101. — Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the west coast of Vancouver Island, Strait of Juan de
Fuca (U.S. waters) and Salmon Banks, Skagit River-Puget Sound, Washington coast, Columbia River, and Oregon and
California coast areas.

Figure 102.— Tagging locations of maturing coho salmon recovered in the western North Pacific and central North Pacific.

77

160" ISO* 140* 140*

130* 140' 130* 140* I30»

IZC

rP3 COOK INLET ARE/^ 57 |SOUTHEAS
'Y COPPER a BERING RIVERSi AREA 60[i] i AREA

T ALASKA OUEEN CHARLOTTE 1. a NORTH JOHNSTONE STRAIT TO PU6ET
5 £, g, BrItISH COLUMBIA TO RIVERS SOUND a STRAIT OF JUAN DE
-Sm|th INLETS FuiA AREAS 75-77
L AREAS 70-74 (^ AREAS 80-83

l^v^/ ^V^^^V-c TiTW

-'-ir^^,., ""T^-c

E..^::^y^+r E^, ^mC

7/S? 1 M. f ^ - ^

jrk' ■ Ite- i f-ti'?^

&) — f'Tw-' '■T'"^t7%i)„

i^ ' -^ ^ - ! -u 4-

l! L M ■ ^1 ' ' M|

*' r\ ^ ^ \^ T\ Mr\

' :"r":::::::::::::Tr::::::::::

^ n ' '^ \ ^1~ n

■^^ ^ 'V^ ""' '"1 k^

50" 1

»n

^\k ^ \li 1 ^3^

""

^ .^ - _ IL _L

V i i V * 1 V ^

1 1 \^ ' ' . \^ ! 1^

1 ]^ 1 J^ ]^

/ ! "l 1

/ / 1 /

( 1 (

1 1

( I

40

1 \

-^ - --- ^-(^ -^- ~- -t

" ^ ~_t^--f "" ::_ X--Z ";- : : ^-- ± ^i^

--■\ A -- A.

±X ^ " '" -:;..:.:: ->"" "" ^":_: :...: :±:

N

35 -

! ^ !

\

"

1

30» . -- -

-^J30

180' ISO* [40" 140'

I30" 140* 130* 10' 10'

1 0'

Figure 103. — Tagging locations of coho salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Cook Inlet and Copper and Bering
rivers; southeastern Alaska; Queen Charlotte Islands and northern British Columbia to Rivers-Smith inlets; and Johnstone
Strait to Paget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca areas.

140"

I30» 140' 130* 150*

140' 130' r40» 130' 120"

. ,, ,| ,, ,

iWEST
VAlicOUV

. 1

1 FISK «T 5S

1 p 1 1 1.^ 1 , 1 , , . , ^ ' ' [ 1 ' ^ ' ' 1 ' ■ ' ' t ' ' ' ' 1 ' — ' — ' ' ' ' 1 ' '.' ' r ' '

Z^*^^ 1 WASHINGTON COAST a

"" '^'"Ao^^« 7Q COLUMBIA RIVER OREGO
1 ARFA<i fl4 R*^

*N AND 150* • «nCH0 0*»-03 -*f^.

1 I ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ■ ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ■ ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' '

i 1

il COAST AREA 90 CALIFORNIA COAST

' ' AREA 91

3^ f "Wr " ^ tfFt

- i^^ J '^.

■ 1

Wjl. ^^S2v Or

[JuKbL ^tSw,^

--4'^'^ t If^

55» .

i ^'Sf" ) ' v?!)^ '

'j-jfr' '' ?%

1 iSf " rfV

_i_ ' wjVi I' V^

M Vi }^^ Vi

3 I ' 5 _h.

N 1 ^ Il

___ _ --^jj» - ^ ^^xnL 2

T\ s it ^^ '

50» .

V*^^^ / T**^

K/Ki ! ' I'oi^

i^lNNn iiV^S:^

r^fti^ ~^Qi^

1 ^^m 1 ^A

I V * \»

' V * j_ ■ I ^

\^ w

i w 1 ' ^

!j" T^

1 1^ "*"

1 7

1

1 1 J

7 7

\ {

1 (

1 1

/ 1

^A - ^i .

--.- -_-4:_i.s^ ::: :::::::: ::::::::^

— , + ^ I

1 ? T f

35* •

: _ ^, __: " "" " \ - -- -

■" \ rv

, --- -_ ______

■"- ■" ■■- ■■ ^ ^1 ■■ !>

*

'

~t ]

i _i_

30'

-_„ J-. -|-._^ J. __ :__-_,::_:::::::::::::: ::::::

___ „ _ . .j-j _!_-

V

1 0*

t 0» 140* 1 0" 160'

I40» 1 0* 140* 1 0» 1

0'

Figure 104. — Tagging locations of coho salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the west coast of Vancouver
Island, Washington coast and Columbia River, Oregon coast, and California coast areas.

78

CHINOOK SALMON

Figures 105-111

Chinook salmon, with the exception of masu
salmon, 0. masou, are considerably less numerous
than the other species of Pacific salmon, and possibly
for that reason, relatively few chinook salmon were
tagged during the high-seas research cruises or were
subsequently recovered. A comparison of total
chinook salmon landings show that North American
catches greatly exceed Asian catches. In the period
1954-61, the combined commercial catches of Japan
and Russia varied from 96,000 to 250,000 chinook
salmon compared with 2,456,300 to 3,664,200 fish in
North America (Mason 1965). In Asia, chinook
salmon occur on Hokkaido and Sakhalin islands
northward, at least to the Anadry River. In North
America they have been found from the Ventura River
in California, north to the Chukchi Sea (Mason 1965).

The relatively few tag recoveries were nearly all
from North America (Fig. 105); a single Asian
recovery resulted from a tag released south of
Hokkaido. North American recoveries were mainly
from tagging in the Bering Sea, in waters along the
Aleutian Islands, and off the coast of North America
from Yakutat to the State of Washington.

Coastal Recoveries in Year of Tagging

Asian stocks. — The single recovery of a tagged
chinook salmon in Asia was made on Hokkaido Island
from a release point fairly close to shore south of Hok-
kaido (Fig. 105).

North American stocks (Figs. 106, 107).— Re-
coveries of maturing tagged chinook salmon in North
America were, in many instances, from tagging in
coastal or near coastal waters and often relatively near
the point of tagging (as was also observed for the sin-
gle Asian recovery). Of the two recoveries in western
Alaska (Fig. 106), the one recovery in Egegik was from
tagging at the approaches to Bristol Bay; the other
recovery was from a release made south of the central
Aleutian Islands. The pattern of recoveries being
relatively close to the area of tagging was especially
noted for recoveries in areas from southeastern Alaska
southward to Puget Sound in Washington (Figs. 106,
107), although one chinook salmon recovered in
northern British Columbia was tagged in the northern
Gulf of Alaska.

Recoveries from coastal areas of Washington
(including the Columbia River), Oregon, and Califor-

nia were from more distant areas, compared to fish at
other recovery points, coming from releases north of
recovery areas mainly off British Columbia (Fig. 107).
These returns indicated a northward movement of the
fish sometime prior to their reaching maturity.

Tag recoveries of maturing fish were insufficient to
indicate the ocean distribution of the various chinook
salmon stocks.

High-Seas Recoveries in Year of Tagging

High-seas recoveries in the year of tagging were

limited to two chinook salmon recoveries from

releases within the respective recovery areas (Fig.
108).

Coastal Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

Recoveries of chinook salmon tagged as immatures,
although few in number, better illustrate the exten-
sive migrations that some chinook salmon make dur-
ing their life at sea than do the recoveries of maturing
fish. The returns to northern and western Alaska
came from immatures released in waters of the central
and western Bering Sea (Fig. 109). These returns com-
bined with the recovery of a fish tagged as a mature in
the central North Pacific Ocean demonstrate the wide
ranging areas of the ocean occupied by some chinook
salmon of northern and western Alaska and the exten-
sive migrations they undertake. Similar extensive
migrations were demonstrated for chinook salmon
from southeastern Alaska and the Columbia River by
returns to these areas from tagging south of the cen-
tral Aleutians (Figs. 109, 110). Returns to the Colum-
bia River also came from as far away as the northern
Gulf of Alaska as did one tagged fish to central British
Columbia (Fig. 110).

The Columbia River recoveries, tagged as juveniles,
indicated the northwestward movement along the
coast of the juveniles during their first summer at sea
(Hartt et al. 1970).

High-Seas Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

High-seas recoveries of tagged chinook salmon
following the year of tagging (Fig. Ill) show recoveries
mainly in the same areas as the fish were tagged. The
one exception was the recovery in the central North
Pacific Ocean from tagging in the northwestern Ber-
ing Sea.

79

e
Z

■9

a

<

a

%

a
o

o

I

a

•s

a
e

•a

i

80

I70» I80* iro* 160

150* \tO* 140* ISO*

!«• ISO-

liO*

1 T^' J^TOGIAK VICINITY 1 NORTHERN
yrW ^ AREA 45 SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA "''0 f'^ER

r ■ ■ ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ ■ 1 ' ' ' ■ 1 ' ' ' —

BRITISH COLUMBIA
S-SMITH INLETS
AREA 70-74

^ < pf ' . . ■ < ^-^+H ^^%i> '^'-^' '-'^

-■ i ■ ■ ■ .^^^

4' '■ ' ' 1 : 1' ' ' : ^ig)

»•■ + 4|i^ i^

. 1 ! M '

! life'

> 1 ntm 1

-

■ i • ■ ■ ' ' ' ! I 1 ■ ■ 1 1 1 WW III

• . 1 1 1 \S;p, '1 1 1 '■

■ ■ • 1 • ■ . -p( A If i i 1

1 . ' ■ 1 . , , 1 , , , ! ; .L^ 1 i 1 ,

'■■■'. '4-'^ :

' t

:;:"[iT^

K

'1 ' ^^ !

1 ■' ^f

1

1 '

\

' N.

N.

I - ^ 4---

4f

1 ^

4v - -

1 1 1

_

A _

1

X-i

; 1 V.

30* , -_ -

— (_ . j f_

ko

1 0* 180" I70" I60«

10' 10' 10' 10'

l«0' 130-

1 0-

Figure 106. — Tagging locations of maturing chinook salmon recovered in Togiak vicinity and Egegik; southeastern Alaska;

and northern British Columbia to Rivers-Smith inlets.

150-

140* 130*

150" 140* 130'

ISO' 140' 130' \ZV

■ ■ 1 ' ■ 1 1 ■ 1 ' 1 ' 1 1

QUEEN CHAF
STRAITS TO

so.: jfM

' 1 ' ' ' 1 r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1

?LOTltE -JOHNSTONE
FRAfER RIVER

1 AREAS 75-8

^ "L

__j ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' '.' 1 ' ' ■ ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 '

SKAGIT 'river S

PUGET |SOUND AREAS 82-(

' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' '-'-'1 ' ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' I' ' ' ■

WASHINGToij- OREGON COASTS
53 1 AREAS 84,85 8 90

/ \'J'T^

ml

1 i 'IVmj

Y/ -& '

S--;- 1 im

1 tt^ T"^' ] ;iffe^

- -^ ■ 'T^

1 ^^v, T'j liMwx ,

-U ' -1- ■ -S

'^ 1

1 1 ii\«(*

1

I ' M T

.^- ■■ ! '

, ] 1^1 p^Kl

: . 1 , ; i^'i'i^v^ 1 , 1 : . 1 i ; "v; "^vi

' II *''^*%^5nw

1

! I . j . ! . . . :m

^ " i, 1 '\ \-^-^^-X^^

^ ^T ' 1 ni ' ^i5

\

1 || 1^: n

'

Y < . ^T.-. --|Trt-|-

\. "+ jV

'^'411^1^

/ I

I zl

/ ' /

1

\ 1 ^ " "^ — ±J

- t -ri

1

1

'

^ ;::: :::" l.\_ .

'

f

f -__ --?

. . . . _

-^

_L - . _ _. _

^ i

as-

' ' i\ 1 1

--C :::::+-ri?:

,o.,±:::::-i:i

""""tt" i
i 1 i

l!li .-{ - ^ - j:

1

_ _ „_ -t ■

1 0-

10' 10'

160' 140' ISO-

I50» I40» 1 0» 10

Figure 107.— Tagging locations of maturing chinook salmon recovered from Queen Charlotte-Johnstone Straits to the Fraser
River; Skagit River and Puget Sound; and Washington-Oregon coasts.

81

^ ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' i ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' '^-^g

HIGH SEAS AREA 22-26
AREA 27,29-30 Q

Figure 108.— Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered in the Bering Sea (immature) and western North Pacific

(maturity unknown).

I ' ' ' ' I M M I <

YUKON RIVER, KUSKi)KWIM RIVER ft
NUSHAGAK VICINITY j AREAS 42,44 8 46
SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA, AREA 62 [[

Figure 109.-Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the Yukon River, Kuskokwim

River, Nushagak vicinity, and southeastern Alaska.

82

I' ' ' '!■

I ' " ' I '

NORtHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA

TO Rivers-smith inlets

' AREAS 70-74

' 'I I " ' 'I' ' "I ' " ' 1'=^^

WE^T COAST VANCOUVER I.,
FRASER RIVER 8 PUGET SOUND
AREAS 77-83

M

'I"" r

I " ' '.I ' " ' I " " 1 '

WASHINGTON -OREGON COASTS
AREAS 84. 8|5-90

Figure 110.— Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging from nortliern British Columbia
to Rivers-Smith inlets; west coast Vancouver Island, Fraser River, and Puget Sound; and Washington-Oregon coasts.

Figure 111. — Tagging locations of chinook salmon recovered subsequent to year of tagging in the Bering Sea, vrestern

North Pacific, and central-western North Pacific.

83

STEELHEAD TROUT

Figures 112-117

A total of 64 tagged steelhead trout were recovered
in inshore areas from high-seas tagging experiments
during 1956-69. All of these tag recoveries were in
North American waters; steelhead trout are not
known to be distributed in Asian streams. All
recoveries were in the areas from British Columbia to
northern California and were from releases in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean (Fig. 112). Although
steelhead trout are known in Alaskan streams
tributary to the Gulf of Alaska, lack of recoveries from
these areas is probably because of lack of recovery ef-
fort by commerical and sports fishermen.

Coastal Recoveries in Year of Tagging

Steelhead trout tag recoveries made within the
year of tagging (maturing fish) were almost entirely
from releases throughout the northeastern Pacific
Ocean east of long. 160°W and were north of lat. 44°N
(Fig. 113). A few recoveries were from tagging in the
northern part of the Gulf of Alaska. One fish came
from a release in the central Aleutian Islands area.
These inshore recoveries included those made
throughout the winter following the summer of tag-
ging since maturing steelhead trout enter streams
during the winter for the spring spawning period.

North American stocks (Figs. 113-116). — Based
on the returns of tagging experiments, maturing
steelhead trout from British Columbia and those from
Washington, Oregon, and northern California were
distributed in different areas of the northeastern
Pacific Ocean. Returns to British Columbia were
mainly from waters north of lat. 50° N and extending
westward to about long. 150°W (Figs. 114, 115).
Steelhead trout from Washington, Oregon, and
California were from areas primarily south of British
Columbia, fish with releases concentrated between
lat. 45°N and 50°N (Figs. 115, 116). Exceptions to this
were some returns to the Columbia River and Oregon
which came from north of lat. 50° N. The westward
range of release points varied between States, with
that from Washington being the farthest west (to
long. 160°W) and those from California the least (to
about long. 145° W). A segment of maturing steelhead

trout may also range into more northern waters since
one recovery in Oregon came from the Gulf of Alaska
north of lat. 55°N. An unusually distant return (Fig.
113) was recovered in Washington from a steelhead
trout tagged south of the central Aleutian Islands.
The specific area of recovery in Washington is un-
known.

The longest migration was recorded for a steelhead
trout tagged in the summer of 1970 and recovered
during spring of 1971.* This fish was tagged on 6 Sep-
tember south of Kiska Island in the western Aleutian
Islands area and recovered in the Wynoochee River
(which empties into Grays Harbor, Wash.) the follow-
ing spring, 5 March. This particular fish traveled a
minumum of about 4,800 km during the approximately
180 days (a minumum of 27 km per day) it was at
liberty.

Coastal Recoveries Subsequent to
Year of Tagging

Recoveries of tagged steelhead trout subsequent to
year of tagging (immature fish) were relatively few
(Fig. 117). Three recoveries were made in British
Columbia, one each in the Nass and Skeena rivers and
one in the Queen Charlotte and Johnstone straits
area. These were from taggings close to the recovery
area and from near the central Gulf of Alaska. The
three recoveries from the Washington coast and
Columbia River were from releases made well offshore
in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Recoveries from
Oregon and California were from tagging throughout
the northeastern Pacific and showed long migrations
as immature fish.

One recovery (not illustrated) was made in the high
seas, far to the west near lat. 47°N and long. 167°30'E.
This steelhead trout had been tagged near lat.
51°30'174°W.

The available tag recoveries fail to illustrate the
complete ocean distribution of steelhead trout; main
concentrations of steelhead trout are located in the
northeastern Pacific Ocean but they also range far
westward to the central and northwestern Pacific
(Sutherland 1973).

This fish was tagged by Japan in 1970, a date beyond the period
encompassed in this report. Because of the unusual migration for
this species, the tagging data are included here.

84

h

?

s

C\J

: ■ ' 1 1 .... 1 1 ,

Mr^mrrv

■^'n.!-: '

•

o

CO

<

r'

^ - -

0
■ ■ • 0

—

n - i -i-t I 1 1 i-L 1 II

* f^

J^

t

1

<
_)

— ft*

- ftj —

■ \ f- 4. ■ - .

•

o

5

<

<

f

Y

«l eg —

=t-'*o

j «

/

—

'^

•

ye

-

— . — J — _ -^ -_,

•

tn

r

;^

—

-"+-'

-.-^

-

s

"^

ts

c^

N

v^

^

■ - + «,■ ■ _

»

o t

2 ZI

^"

\i

^\

—

0

"^yT) - '

V

.

o*-

,<

'

M^ ^

_l_ ^

1

( t-r

^

'

/

V^

,■^1^

X

•g

'

'

\

\>

1

"^.

•

o

ry!

•

^V

«

-

J

.

1 -

1
>

B

o

0

5

V

/J

'N,

f^

?

"',

"s

N

\

1 I

"V

^^

,

1

^

o

^

p

!—

c7

s

^cr^

4L

_

kl

-

. .._

^

X

■"^

h=

3>-

■

o

t

V

^

— . — ^_) _-

s

—

N

■ (

\

I

\

\

s

-'"^ V

s

■^

•J'\

<

' 1

..

A'

0

cy

1

•

/•

A, j

""S

L

»

_

\

I

^.

c^

'^

L

1

- ^- ?^ 4=

1 1 i_ .

\

—

=^=^ ^T,"i S"

kl — l--

\

^

=<3TT ^=1:5 (^

'

e

N

V

-

>,

-^-*— L \^T-

,- ^ ?

s

1

■^ >-; ^

"^ ^, -

N^

^?^-

-^-\%~^~~-

V

X.'^

H^

? a^

\

\^,

4 iLS

■■

-1

I ■

^

■ 'I

1 , 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1^

MM

s

•c
I

o
Z

.9

-8

h
9
I
es
I

•a

I

85

Figure 113.— Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in North America.

160" 150* I40» 130*

' " ' I ' " ' I ' " 'I ' ' 'I I I ' " ' I'

(50* 140* ISO*

' " ' I ' " ' I ' ' ' I I ' ' ' ' I ' ' " I ' " q^-

SKEENA rJvER AREA 72

" ' I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' I I ' ' ' T ' ' ' I ' " ' I ' -

CENTRAL BRlh^lSH COLUMBIA

jAREA 73
RIY£RS-SMITH INLETS AREA 74 [il

NASS RIVER Af^EA 71

I

Figure 114. — Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in tlie Nass River, Skeena River, and central British

Columbia and Rivers-Smith inlets.

86

I

190' 140* I30» 180'

I ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' I I ' ' ' 'I ' ' " I ' " ' I ' " I '■ I I 1 It

I ' ' ■ ' I ' ' 'I I ' ' ' I ' ' " I ' " ' '■

HO' 140^ ISO'

'l""l " 'I I" "!■ "'F=

JOHNSTONE Strait to

PUGET SOUND. AREA 75-83

WASHINGTON CoikST AREA 84

Not! I fith toggtd or 174 if and SON ricov*r«d
-' ■-■■— wn locoHon In Woihlngfon

L

COLUMBIA' RIVER AREA 85

Figure 115. — Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered in Johnstone Strait to Puget Sound, Washington

coast, and Columbia River areas.

150'

140" 130 •

140- 130-

120-

OREG(

' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ''■'!''

1

3N 1 AREA 90 CAL

^1 "IK,

' 1 1 ' ' ' ' t ' ■ ' ' 1 ' ' ' ■ 1 ' '

1
IFORNIA AREA 9!

irwv, iuiii

'Xk^i.y.

GD

■^' ■ t

1 1 T«5\

•

■i M^^

55* . _L _

. '1_^_

1 ■ m

: : '::tk

h

?v

'lO* '. 1 i

■ i' ■ ■ ' i '

^

■Li;i' '

X

t. . 1^. ! :

V

^'

' ' li^^

i i iU-

1 - ; +--

1

:

1 " '

ft;-

: 1 1

^

I

4 - -

\

1

J^

i

A

.__ j_

'

~\

~l - - ^^'

' 1?

...

1

■^X ^ T

1

' 1^

1

>

1

' \

a lA

'1 ^

i . - f

i 1 j_ _j_

'

±±^

30* 1- ) T i - H

t

t {

! 1

V)'

1 0-

140' 1 0'

140' 1

0^

1

0-

Figure 116. — Tagging locations of maturing steelhead trout recovered from the
coasts of Oregon and California.

87

ISO-

140' 130-

150"

140* 130*

ISO-

140* 130* 120

NASS Rl\
SKEENA
\ QUEEN CH

/ER AREA 71

^IVER AREA 72 0 WASHINGTC

ARliOTTE- JOHNSTONE

>TR^ITS AREA 75 a /f^ %^

)N'a COLUMBIA RIVER
IaREA 84-85

' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' 1 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' t ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' —

OREGON a CALIFORNIA AREA 90-91

1 V, ^-^1 \ an,,

^

' ^ I tf 5

T>\^^ ^

^--t-^

1 OxT xt ' 1

"^^^

-T^i-- --

^^^

■ t ■ M-"

'?^'^^ffl) '• ■ ' f ■;

^" '11^)

f^'- i^i -

4T+|Mf&^

i 1 mI^

! fSK

1 1 1 ! 1 jORJ

1 ' ' M V

'^-^— -g\

' ' 1

' 1 R v

tt

' ■ ■ 1 w \

I T . 1 "*

rrrVrfV^

5o.:X ' ^f

^"rt:^:A,^^

• • - ■ - ^ "Xrs„

! : ■ 1 ■ 1 1

IV^. 1 !1' :iM! II'

i ! ' , , "^

ill ■

!.:_jJi..:i:.S^-

' ■ 1 1 ' ^

te^l 1 .+.1 I

! 1 . .

S

J ;J;_:4ti^.:_

i"!~

r2 T ^

1 ' _, ^ ^ ! ■

I ' '

L

1 , ,

^ r i^ ^

:-:^- t^~i;^ ^

i

' ~^ 1 ;

T~^

1

' '

J i

i [ -^-l^

/

1 ' i i

i i

[" - !^;"--

~i

(

" ^5^

■r- ■-■■- -Jxr-Fi

1 1

]

1 :

} 1

/ 1

/

\

1 II.

\

1 \

1

\, '

1 '

\ 1

' \_

Vy

f -t

It

1 1

l\

_i_i _±

' IL

35 .

* \

I ^ '

1 ! ^

AL^' "1

.1

T__ -- -- --

\

: ■ ■ " ' 'f I

-p.- .__(_- .

1

- L- ■ 4-

- _L -j_

:"T-:- ._ _::::i:::±

30-. -J- -=t--:

!«• 1 0'

'^'''''''L'l'''

140" 130'

id=t

ISO-

140" 1 0" 1

Figure 117.— Tagging locations of immature steelhead trout recovered subsequent to year of tagging in Nass River, Skeena
River, Queen Charlotte-Johnstone Straits; Washington coast and Columbia River; and Oregon and California coasts.

88

it

LITERATURE CITED

GODFREY, H.

1965. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean — Part IX. Coho,
chinook and masu salmon in offshore waters. 1. Coho salmon
in offshore waters. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm., Bull. 16,
p. 1-39.

HARTT, A. C, M. B. DELL and L. S. SMITH.

1969. Tagging and sampling. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Annu. Rep. 1967:78-85.

1970. Tagging and sampling. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Annu. Rep. 1968:68-79.

HARTT, A. C, L. S. SMITH, and M. B. DELL.

1967. Tagging ane sampling. Int. North Pac. Fish. Coram.,
Annu. Rep. 1965:72-82.
HARTT A. C, L. S. SMITH, M. B. DELL, and R. V. KILAMBI.
1967. Tagging and sampling. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Annu. Rep. 1966:73-78.
KASAHARA. H.

1961. Fisheries resources of the North Pacific Ocean. Part 1.
H. R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, Inst. Fish., Univ.
B.C., Vancouver, 135 p.
1963. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean— Part 1. Catch
statistics for North Pacific salmon. Int. North Pac. Fish.
Comm., Bull. 12, p. 7-82.
MANZER, J. I., T. ISHIDA, A. E. PETERSON, and M. G. HAN-
AVAN.

1965. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean— Part V. Offshore
distribution of salmon. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm., Bull.
15, 452 p.

MARGOLIS, L., F. C. CLEAVER, Y. FUKUDA, and H. GOD-
FREY.

1966. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean — Part VI. Sockeye
salmon in offshore waters. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Bull. 20, 70 p.

MASON, J. E.

1965. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean— Part IX. Coho,
chinook and masu salmon in offshore waters. 2. Chinook
salmon in offshore waters. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Bull. 16, p. 41-73.

NEAVE, F.. T. ISHIDA, and S. MURAI.

1967. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean— Part Vn. Pink
salmon in offshore waters. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Bull. 22, 39 p.

ROTHSCHILD, B. J., A. C. HARTT, D. E. ROGERS, and M. B.
DELL.

1971. Tagging and sampling. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Annu. Rep. 1969:67-89.

SAKAGAWA, G. T.

1972. The dynamics of juvenile salmon, with particular
emphasis on pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) , during
their early marine life. PhD. Thesis, Univ. Wash., Seattle,
352 p.

SHEPARD, M. P.. A. C. HARTT, and T. YONEMORI.

1968. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean— Part VUI. Chum
salmon in offshore waters. Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm.,
Bull. 25, 69 p.

SUTHERLAND, D. F.

1973. Distribution, seasonal abundance, and some biological
features of steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri. in the North
Pacific Ocean. Fish. Bull., U.S. 71:787-826.

89

<1 U. 5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFPICE: 1975-698-702 (34 REGION 10

648. Weight Iom of pond-raiwd channel catfish Uclolurus punctatus) during holding in
processing plant vats By Donald C Greenland and Robert L. Gill. December 1971, iii + 7
pp.. 3 figs.. 2 tables. For sale bv the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government
Printing Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

649. Distribution of forage of skipjack tuna (Euthynnwt pelamm) in the eastern tropical
Pacific By Maurice Blackburn and Michael Laurs. January 1972. iii + 16 pp.. 7 figs.. 3
tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

650. Effects ofsome antioxidants and EDTA on the development of rancidity in Spanish
mackerel iScomberomoms maculatus) during frozen storage. By Robert N. Farragut.
February 1972. iv + 12 pp.. 6 figs.. 12 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

651. The effect of premortem stress, holding temperatures, and freezing on the
biochemistry and quality of skipjack tuna. By Ladell Crawford. April 1972, iii + 23 pp., 3
figs.. 4 tables. For sale bv the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing
Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

653. The use of electricity in conjunction with a 12.5-meter (Headropel Gulf-of-Mexico
shrimp trawl in Lake Michigan. By James E. Ellis. March 1972, iv + 10 pp.. 11 figs., 4
tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. DC. 20402.

654. An electric detector system for recovering internally tagged menhaden, genus
Breuoorlia. By R. O. Parker, jr. February 1972. iii + 7 pp.. 3 figs . 1 appendix table For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington,
D.C. 20402.

655. Immobilization of fingerting salmon and trout by decompression. By Doyle F.
Sutherland. March 1972. iii + 7 pp.. 3 figs.. 2 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

662. Seasonal distribution of tunas and billfishes in the Atlantic. By John P Wise and
Charles W Davis January 1973. iv + 24 pp., 13 figs, 4 tables. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 20402

663. Fish larvae collected from the northeastern Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound during
April and May 1967 By Kenneth D Waldron. December 1972, iii -f 16 pp.. 2 figs., I table,
4 appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of DocumenU, U.S. Government Print-
ing Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

664. Tagging and tag-recovery experiments with Atlantic menhaden. Brevoortia tyran-
nus. By Richard L. Kroger and Robert L. Dryfooa. December 1972. iv -f 11 pp., 4 figs.. 12
tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documenta. U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC. 20402.

665. Larval fish survey of Humbolt Bay, California. By Maxwell B. Eldridge and Charles
F. Bryan. December 1972, iii -f 8 pp.. 8 figs., 1 table. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documenta, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 20402.

666. Distribution and relative abundance of fishes in Newport River, North Carolina. By
William R. Turner and George N Johnson. September 1973. iv -f 23 pp., 1 fig., 13 tables.
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. DC. 20402.

667. An analysis of the commercial lobster {Homarus amencanus) fishery along the coast
of Maine. August 1966 through December 1970. By James C. Thomas. June 1973, v -f 57
pp., 18 figs., 11 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

668. An annotated bibliography of the cunner. Tautogotabrus adspenug (Walbaum). By
Fredric M. Serchuk and David W. Frame. May 1973, ii + 43 pp. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C.

20402.

656. ThecMcosc»nop.Argopectengibbus.ByDona\dM. Allen and T.J. Costello. May
1972, iii -f 19 pp., 9 figs., 1 table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

657. Making fish protein concentrates by enzymatic hydrolysis. A status report on
research and some processes and products studied by NMFS. By Malcolm B. Hale.
November 1972. v + 32 pp., 15 figs., 17 tables, 1 appendix table. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

658. List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature.
By Jay C. Quast and Elizabeth L. Hall. July 1972. iv + 47 pp. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

669. Subpoint prediction for direct readput meteorological satellites. By L. E. Eber.
August 1973. iii -(- 7 pp.. 2 figs., 1 table. For sale by the Superintendent of DocumenU,
U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

670. Unharvested fishes in the U.S. commercial fishery of western Lake Erie in 1969. By
Harry D. Van Meter. July 1973, iii -f II pp,, 6 figs., 6 tables. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, DC. 20402.

671. Coastal upwelling indices, west coast of North America. 1946-71. By Andrew
Bakun. June 1973. iv + 103 pp.. 6 figs.. 3 tables. 45 appendix figs. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C.
20402.

659. The Southeast Fisheries Center bionumeric code. Part I: Fishes. By Harvey R.
Bullis. Jr . Richard B Roe. and Judith C. Gatlin. July 1972. xl + 95 pp.. 2 figs. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C.
20402.

672. Seasonal occurrence of young Gulf menhaden and other fishes in a northwestern
Florida estuary By Marlin E. Tagatz and E. Peter H. Wilkins. August 1973, iii -I- 14 pp., 1
fig.. 4 tables. For sale bv the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Of-
fice. Washington. D.C. 20402.

660. A freshwater fish electro-motivator (FFEM)-its characteristics and operation. By
James E. Ellis and Charles C, Hoopes. November 1972. iii + 11 pp.. 9 figs.

661. A review of the literature on the development of skipjack tuna fisheries in the cen-
tral and western Pacific Ocean. By Frank J. Hester and Tamio Otsu. January 1973, iii +
13 pp.. 1 fig. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Of-
fice. Washington. DC 20402.

673. Abundance and distribution of inshore benthic fauna off southwestern Long Island.
N.Y. By Frank W. Steimle. Jr, and Richard B. Stone. December 1973. iii -t- 50 pp.. 2 figs..
5 appendix tables,

674. Lake Erie bottom trawl explorations. 1962-66. By Edgar W. Bowman. January 1974.
iv + 21 pp.. 9 figs.. 1 table. 7 appendix tables.

, MBL WHOI Librai

5 WHSE 04497

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF COAAMERCE

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION ^ ^> I I ^ ^T I I ^1 A^O POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE H I I I I K I M I I »A^^ US DEPARTMENT OF COAAMERCE

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS STAFF | ^^ ^^ I \ III WIm^VWW COM 210

ROOM 450
1107 N E. 45TH ST
SEATTLE. WA <)ei05

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

.,L,' !....• Biolotslc:al Laboratory
Lil.rary - Poriodlcals
Wooda Hoiu, Ma 02'JO

^-^^6-191^