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BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY—BULLETIN NO. 33. } vm B. T. GALLOWAY, Chief of Bureau. idetid tse ‘* NORTH AMERICAN SPRCIES: OP LEPTOCHLOA. BY A. S. HITCHCOCK, ASSISTANT AGROSTOLOGIST, IN CHARGE OF COOPERATIVE EXPERIMENTS, GRASS AND FORAGE PLANT INVESTIGATIONS. Se = PS ly el tl Rt i sil WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1903. iy an OR ar pean arg LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. U. 8. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, BUREAU ‘OF PLANT INDUSTRY, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF, Washington, D. C., October 18, 1902. Sir: Ihave the honor to transmit herewith a technical paper entitled ‘* North American Species of Leptochloa,” and respectfully reeommend that it be published as Bulletin No. 33 of the series of this Bureau. This paper was prepared by Mr. A. 8. Hitchcock, Assistant Agros- tologist, in Charge of Cooperative Experiments, Grass and Forage Plant Investigations, and has been submitted by the Agrostologist with a view to publication. 7 Respectfully, B. T. GALLOWAY, Chief of Bureau. Hon. JAMES WILSON, — Secretary of Agriculture. a Sa ee ll nc a Sel i a a a i a rg he i gs | Aca al aa Cal aie There is much confusion in the names applied to our North Ameri- ean grasses. This is partly due to the fact that much new material has been collected since the revision of some of the important genera. The practice, formerly more prevalent than at present, of erecting new species on the basis of a single specimen or of a very few speci- mens at most, has added tothis confusion. The economic importance which the grasses have assumed in the last two decades has made this confusion all the more embarrassing. It therefore seems desirable that the bibliography, synonymy, and systematic relationships of American grasses be worked out as rapidly as possible. The present paper by Professor Hitchcock is an attempt to do this for the genus Leptochloa. It is based chiefly upon the material in the herbarium of the U.S. National Museum and that of the U.S. Department of Agri- eulture, but all the important public herbaria in this country were consulted during its preparation. The descriptions of the species are diagnostic rather than complete, but it is hoped that these will serve the purpose of students of systematic botany. Much time has been spent in working out the proper relationship of the species and it is hoped that the short descriptions, the text figures illustrating the spikelets of each species, the plates taken from herbarium specimens of several species, and the key to our United States species will take the place of more complete descriptions and render this paper valua- ble to students of this genus. The species of Leptochloa are inhabitants of the warmer regions, only one or two of our species extending as far north as New York and Illinois. One of the species, Leptochloa dubia, called sprangle, is an important range grass in the Southwest, and recent experiments indicate that it will prove a desirable grass for cultivating in semiarid regions. W. J. SPILLMAN, Agrostologist. OFFICE OF THE AGROSTOLOGIST, Washington, D. C., October 14, 1902. j j } \ CONTE NAS. Page. LIN EPO VG 511011 SN aN at ASAI IPs ca ape Solar eee eee Ra pica es J cee Nite an hee aren 9 fereOpecies Ol ime tL) miped obabes: oe oc er eee te Se 9 ame ee STMT ued se Oe eared en Re og Re ats le eee 10 North American species..______.__- 2 eae Re rea aN ae ae ae Ne ae RT ett 11 STD ERIE Sec 51100 (2) 6 VER aes el Sd ee areal ea Be gos pa Sag ee RO Ck Na cent oe 21 Description of plates __________- Se ree Ne eS hte Liat a ee ae. Pee mS 24 PLATE “I, EL: Fic. Th: . Fig. 1.—Leptochloa fascicularis (Diplachne procumbens Nash). IO OP W/W Wr co @ Lis Tok Awe sas PLATES. ’ Fig. 1.—Leptochloa mucronata. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa viscida__- Fig. 1.—Leptochloa domingensis, from Florida. Fig. 2.—Lepto- chiloa. domingensis, from, Vexds 42270523 Sa ee a cena een Fig. 1.—Leptochloa scabra. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa nealleyi .____- Fig. 2.—Leptochloa fascicularis (Diplachne tracyi Vasey) ---- . Fig. 1.—Leptochloa fascicularis (ordinary form). Fig. 2.—Lep- tochloag GmboTiCata. Aa a ee eS eee ee ane ee TEXT FIGURES. [All five times natural size. ] Spikelet of Leptochtod-allewuatoe eas 0 See ee 8 ee ee soppikelet of Leptochioa mucronate = 2.2 Ss ae eae oe eee a spikelet of Leptochlog. CUrGQea s: s fo es ea en Seen . Spikelet of Leptochloa domingensis, from Texas. __.__. __- ets eee R he . Spikelet of Leptochloa domingensis, from Florida ---___.__.---_- saeiays . Spikelet of Leptochloa domingensis, from Central America -.-.~_-- J Spikelet of Leptochioe nealleys.. sie ee"e re aaa eee opikelet. of, Leptocklo@ -SscapTre s\irrn, coi es ake Se ieee © ae ~ Spikelet-of Leplochtoe Viscta, 222s 2h as ee Meee ee eM een . Spikelet-of Leptochioa dubia S22...) oe SB CR ace iu ; Spikelet of Leptochioa Horibanda.® 22° 2, hee fon ge ee ee Spikelet of Leptochlog GQuawweg 2 2A i i Nise ee Oo eee yee oSpikelet:of Leptochiod fascievlanrisse eons Sere ee eee SpLkelet Or Leplochtoa:ciniPriCil Goa: tae 2 Nahe ane ee » Spikelet' of Leptochtow Spicatae 20 22) oT se See eee ae ate ) Spikelet of Gowinte Oramdeg et 25 0 Be ON BP Se er nem 8 Page. 24 24 24 B. P. I.—42. GanP.1.—98 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. INTRODUCTION. In presenting the following review of the genus Leptochloa I have been able to bring together our knowledge of this group of grasses without describing any new species. In regard to the latter, botanists will probably be thankful. but, on the other hand, I have been con- strained in several cases to unite species kept separate by others. All will not agree with me in the course I have taken in this respect. It is always difficult to decide where specific lines shall be drawn, but I have been governed by this rule: When two or more forms are con- nected by numerous intergrading specimens they are to be considered as the same species, although typical specimens of the extreme forms may be easily distinguished. The notes are based mainly upon the Her eecnathe of. the,.W..:S. Department of Agriculture, but through the kindness of those in charge I have had the opportunity to examine the collections at the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Gray Herbarium, the New York Botanical Garden, and the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Science. I have also examined the specimens in the larger European herbaria, to the directors of which I wish to express my thanks for the privilege. For the purpose of this paper it seemed not worth while to enumer- ate all the specimens examined, but a number of representative specimens from numbered sets have been indicated for easier refer- ence. KEY TO SPECIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 1. Spikelets usually short-pediceled (sessile in L. spicata, but flowers several), arranged somewhat distantly along the branches of the panicle, not so con- spicuously one-sided as in the following group; 4 to several flowered (2-flow- Cie Un MSGi curOntis Omaet aint) 0 Meee Fi ee SS Ne ee 2 1. Spikelets nearly sessile in two or more rows on one side of the br nels of the panicle, 2 to 4 flowered and usually closely imbricated (more distant in bog UIIERG TEDL ED) Sees 2 UNS Re SE GAN, 0S is Sea ae an a ee "i 2. Panicle simple or often reduced to a single branch or spike. -__. .----- spicata. ere eNO) Mee ALP ee A ee 3 iat ney po OmOwmenem ss ee fy ee ee eee 4 SM KelehS man howetea elongated 9.0 6.226. t. 8 ee et cee 6 10) NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. . 4, Flowering glume broad, truncate and more or less emarginate; sometimes slightly awned from the protrusion of the mid-nerve _____________-. dubia. 4. Flowering glume rounded at apex and short-awned or mucronate_-_-___- -__- 5 5. Panicle 2 to 3 inches long. Plant with numerous culms, a few inches to a foot high; leaves 3 or 4 imchesjlon@. 2.220 ee es aes viscida. . Panicle larger, culms 2 to 3 feet tall, leaves a foot or more long__ floribunda. , Plowerme ehime awed or) 2 See Bae ee ee ee eee fascicularis. . Flowering glume awnless or mucronate. -..- -- tgtloab dy ito ANUS ek Cri 0 imbricata. . Spikelets usually 2-flowered, sometimes 3 or even 4 flowered, 1 to 2 mm. long, branches of panicle very slender, upper empty glume as long as or longer than the first flowering glume, latter obtuse __.._______ _____- mucronata. . Spikelets usually 3 to 4 flowered, rather closely imbricated, spikes shorter and close set on the axis. forming a narrow panicle; empty glumes shorter than the first flowering’ elame o.2. pee 0 a ae ee eee 8 8. Sheaths scabrous, glumes Sharp-pomtbed 2) 252s 2 ee scabra. 8. Sheaths smooth; flowering glumes rounded or truncate at apex___________- 9 9. Sheath ciliate on margin above; flowering glume more or less awned. domingensis. 9. Sheath not ciliate; flowering glume awnless __-___--_._..---_2 =. nealleyi. “tO SD Ol “I HISTORY OF GENUS. The genus Leptochloa was established by Palisot de Beauvois.? To his new genus he refers Cynosurus capillaceus, Hleusine filiformis, and E. virgata. The last of these species is figured? and in the description’ of plates he uses the name Leptochloa virgata. It may be inferred that he intends to make the new combination for the other two species, as in the index, page 166, he indents under Lep- tochloa the three names, capillacea, filiformis, and virgata. It may be remarked that if one intends to be very accurate in regard to cita- tions these three species of Leptochloa should be referred to page 166 (the index) rather than page 71 in the body of the work, where the genus is described. The same remark would apply to the most of Beauvois’s species. Beauvois also established the genera Diplachne,¢ to which he refers Festuca fascicularis Lam., and Rabdochloa,’ to which he refers Cyno- surus monostachyos, virgatus, domingensis, cruciatus?, mucronatus ?. Kuntze substitutes Rabdochloa for Leptochloa because Beauvois assigns five species to the former and only three to the latter. Professor Seribner unites these under the genus Leptochloa.’ Pro- fessor Gray also placed Diplachne under Leptochloa as a section.? Nuttall” proposed the genus Oxydenia to inelude O. attenuata (Hleusine mucronata). I have accepted the genus as delimited by Scribner, U.S. D. A. Div. Agros. Bul. 20:110. Our species all are annuals except L. dubia. a@ Essai d’une nouvelle Agrostographie, 71. 1812. ¢1.c..p. 84. 61. ¢,; Atlas, pl. xv; fig. 1. f Proc. Acad. Phil., 1891: 303. ¢l.c., Atlas, 10. g Man., Ed. I, 588. a] ic. 80. n Gen. 1: 76, 1818. . NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. 11 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES. A.—LEPTOCHLOA proper. Spikelets 2 to 4 flowered, arranged close together on one side of the branches of the panicle. LEPTOCHLOA MUCRONATA Kunth. Rev. Gram. 1: 91. 1835. Transfers Eleusine mucronata Michx. (PI. I, fig. 1; text fig. 2. Eleusine mucronata Michx. Fl. 1:65. 1808. ‘* Hab. in cultis [llinoensibus.”’ Festuca filiformis Lam. Il. 1: 191.n. 1044. 1791. ‘‘ Ex Amer. Merid. Comm. D. Richard.’”’ Hleusine fiiformis Pers. Syn. 1: 87. 1805. ‘°‘ Hab. in Americ. meridion.’’ Eleusine sparsa Muhl. Descr. Gram. 135,1817. ‘* Habitat in Carolina et Georgia.”’ Oxydenia attenuata Nutt. Gen. 1: 76. 1818. ‘‘On the banks of the Mississippi near New Orleans.’’ Mr. Nuttall says: ‘‘ To this genus belongs the Eleusine filiformis of. Persoon, growing in the tropical regions of America, nearly allied to the present species,’’ and is often quoted as the author of Oxydenia jiliformis, but he,does not make this combination. Leptochloa filiformis Beauv. Agros. 71 and 166, 1812. Transfers Eleusine fili- ~~ formis Pers. Roemer and Schultes (2: 580, 1817), also transfer Hleusine fili- formis Pers. Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 288, 1830, gives as the locality ‘‘ Hab. in Mexico, ad Sorzogon Luzoniae.’’ In the herbarium of the U. S. Department of Agriculture are several specimens from India. I am unable to distinguish these from the American plant. Hooker includes these under L. filiformis R. & S. (Flora Br. India, 22: 298. 1896.) I have examined the Asiatic material in European herbaria and feel satisfied that L. mucronata occurs in southern Asia. It can be distinguished from the allied L. chinensis by the papillose sheaths. Pie. 1.—L. attenwata. Fic. 2.—L. mucronata. Eleusine elongata Willd. ex. Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 1: 549, 1840. Labelled ** Habitat in America meridionalis Humboldt.”’ Types of this and the next examined in herbarium Willdenow. EHleusine stricta Willd. 1.c¢. Labelled **‘ Habitat in San Domingo.” Leptochioa attenuata Steud. Syn. 209. 1855. Transfers Oxydenia attenuata Nutt. This is kept separate by Mr. Nash in Britton’s manual, but the char- acters do not seem to me to be sufficiently constant for separation. This form is represented by Bush, Nos. 590, 403, 792, 793, and Eggert, 219a. from Mis- souri, and Palmer, 392, 401, from Indian Territory. Leptochloa pellucidula Steud. 1. c. ‘: Duchaissing legit in Panama.”’ Leptochloa pilosa Scribn. U.S. D. A., Div. Agros. Cir. 32: 9. 1901. °** Type specimen collected in sandy soil, Dappan, Travis County, Tex., 294, J. E. Bodin, September, 1891.’ Professor Scribner states that ** This species is closely related to Leptochloa mucronata. but it is at once distinguished by its rigid leaves and papillate-pilose sheaths.’’ The leaves are somewhat more rigid than is usual in this species, but the papillate-pillose sheaths are found com- monly in L. mucronata. Stems tufted 6 to 10 dm. high, erect or occasionally more or less decumbent at base and rooting at the nodes. Leaves numerous, flat and rather soft, vary- ing from 1 to 3 or more dm. in length and as much as } cm. wide. Sheaths more or less pilose from a papillate base. Panicle often 3 dm. or more in length, consisting of numerous slender spikes, arranged along a central axis; 12 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. spikes usually 8 to 15 cm. long. Spikelets 3 to 4 flowered, 1 to 2 mm. long, rather distant on the axis, that is, scarcely overlapping. Empty glumes about equal, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, nearly as long as the spikelet, or some- times longer, lower slightly narrower. Flowering glumes thin, awnless, smooth or somewhat pilose on the nerves. The form separated as L. attenuata has large panicles, with acuminate empty glumes and flowering glumes pilose on nerves. DISTRIBUTION.— Virginia to Florida and west to California: Hall, 777,778; Wright; 765; Bush, 468, 590; Curtiss, 5998: Coulter, 785; Lindheimer, 212. Mewico: Palmer, 248, 22, 694, 749, 13864, 117, 50 (in part); Rose, 1542; Schott, 739, 590. Yucatan: Gaumer, 853. Cuba: Wright, 740 (in part), 741 (in part). Porto Rico: Sintenis, 3550. Var. PULCHELLA Scribn. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club; 9: 147. 1882. ‘‘Santa Cruz Valley, near Tucson.”’ : DISTRIBUTION.—Texas to Arizona: Heller, 1884; Hall, 777, 778; Coues & Palmer, 511; Jones, 4176. Mexico: Palmer, 50 (in part), 503, 694, 8; Wright, 1316. Differs from the typein the short branches of the panicle, 2-3 cm. long, and the short narrow leaves. | LEPTOCHLOA VIRGATA Beauv. Agrost., 166; Atlas, p. 10. 1812. Refers Eleusine virgata to his new genus Leptochloa (l.c. p. 71). (Fig.3.) SY Fic.3.—L. virgata, from St. Croix. ; 7 Cynosurus virgatus L. Syst. Nat., Ed. X: 1759. No locality is given, but he refers to Sloan jam., t. 70., f. 2, which is probably this species. In Spec. Pl., Ed. 2, the locality is ‘‘ Habitat in Jamaica.’’ See Munro, ‘‘The Grasses of Linnzus’s Herbarium,’”’ Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 33-35. 1862. Linnezus mentions that the lower flowers are subaristate. Festuca virgata Lam. Ill. 1: 189. 1791. ‘‘ Ex ins. Domingi.’” States that the spikelets are aristate and ** floscul. ultimis submuticis.”’ Eleusine virgata Pers. Syn. 1:87. 1805. Description taken from Lamarck, 1.c. Oxydenia virgata Nutt. Gen. 1:76. 1818. This is the citation often given, but is an error, as Nuttall merely says, ‘‘ To this genus belongs Eleusine filiformis of Persoon . . . and we may probably add the Eleusine virgata of Jamaica.”’ Chloris polystachya Lag. Nov. Gen. 4. 1816. The short description scarcely suffices to determine this plant. ‘‘Spicis pluribus, patentibus: calycibus flos- culisque glabris, muticis: culmo compresso. H. in N. H. unde semina missit D. Sesse.”’ | Chloris poeformis H. B. K. 1: 169. 1815. ‘* Crescit in calidissimis humidis flu- minis Magdalene prope Mompox: item prope Guayaquil et San Bowndon Quitensium.*’ As synonyms are given Cynosurus virgatus L., Eleusine wvir- gata Willd., and Leptochloa virgata Beauv... but a new specific name is applied . he because there is already a Chloris virgata Sw. In the description it is stated “ that the awn is very short. . Leptochloa procera Nees in Syll. Ratisb. 1: 2. 1828. Type examined at Berlin. Leptochloa digitaria Willd., ex Steud. Nom. Ed. 2. 1: 549. 1840. Types of this and the next examined in herbarium Willdenow. Both specimens labelled ~ ‘* Habitat in America Meridionalis, Humboldt.”’ mp 4 Leptochtow unioloides Willd., 1. c. ae NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. he Leptochloa mutica Steud. Syn. 1: 208. 1854. ‘‘Surinam Am. Austr.’’ Type examined. Z DISTRIBUTION: Ruatan Island: Gaumer. Mexico: Liebmann 251, 252; Nelson 2768, 2483. Cuba: Rugel 193; Wright 3486. 740 (in part), 741 (in part); Combs 256. Porto Rico: Heller 4535; Sintenis 844. Martinique: Bourgeau 2375; Hahn 1638. St. Vincent: Smith 577. St. Croix: Ricksecker 258. St. Thomas: Eggers 68. Galapagos: Anderson 44. Brazil: Riedel, Traill 1274. Paraguay: Morong 970. | LEPTOCHLOA DOMINGENSIS Trin. Fund. Agrost., 133. 1820. Transfers Cynosurus domingensis Jacq. (Pl. II, figs. 1, 2; text figs. 4, 5, 6.) Cynosurus domingensis Jacq. Misc. 2: 363, 1781. ‘‘ Facie infra medium pilosa dorsa glabra.”’ Bromus capillaris Moench. Meth.194,1794. ‘*‘Sub nomine Poae capillaris semina accepi,’’ no locality given. Kunth refers this to L. domingensis (Enum. 1: 269) and the description applies, especially, ‘‘ Folia lata infra glabra, supra deorsum scabra, basin versus pilosa,’’ but Moench also says, ‘‘ vagine glabre.”’ However, the pubescence is confined to the margin of the sheath. Eleusine domingensis Pers. 1: 87. 1805. ‘‘ Hab. in Jamaica, St. Domingo.”’ Rabdochloa domingensis Beauv. Agrost.176. 1812. Transfers Cynosurus dom- ingensis, p. 84. He also refers Poa domingensis Pers. Syn. 1: 88 to his genus Rabdochloa, and in this is followed by Kunth (1. ¢.). ‘ ” Fig. 4.—L. domingensis, Fic. 5.—L. domingensis, Fig. 6.—L. domingensis, from Hidalgo, Tex. from Florida. from Central America. Leptostachys domingensis Meyer. Esseq. 74. 1818. Transfers Hlewsine domin- gensis Pers. Leptochloa gracilis Nees. Syll. Ratisb.,1: 4. 1824. Transfers Chloris gracilis H. B. K. See note under L. dubia. Nees in Agrost. Bras., 433. 1829, gives ‘* Habitat in Brasiliis . . . (Sellow. Vidi in Herb. Reg. Berol.)”’ Chloris gracilis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. 1: 168. 1815. ‘‘Crescit in calidis Pro- vinciz Jaen de Biacamoros prope Tomependa, alt.. 207 hex.’’ Leptostachys gracilis Meyer. Fl. Esseq., 74. 1818. Transfers Chloris gracilis to his new genus Leptostachys. Our plants have the rigid, glaucous appearance of L. virgata, with involute leaves, but resemble L. domingensis in having the margin of the sheaths and the upper surface of the lower part of the blades ciliate or pilose. The awns are almost the length of the flowering glume. Grisebach distinguishes these by the length of the spikes and of the awns (FI. Br. W. I.), thus, L. virgata with spikes 3-6 in. long and awns short or none; var. gracilis, awns about as long as glume, spikes 14-2 in. long; var. domingensis, spikes 3-5 in. long and awns longer. The length of the awn can not be depended upon to distinguish these forms. Stems } to 1 m. high, smooth and somewhat shining or glaucous, leaves long and narrowed to a slender point, involute; the tropical specimens have softer, flat leaves. Our specimens are probably introduced as the plant is not common within our borders. The drier climate would account for the involute leaves. The upper surface of blade near base is sparsely pilose with long weak hairs, the margin of the sheath is more densely ciliate. Panicles 1 to 2 dm. long 14 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. with numerous ascending branches 4to8cm. The tropical specimens often have more ample panicles. Spikelets crowded, about 2 mm. long. 3 to 5-flowered. Empty glumes acute, lower narrow and shorter, about 14 mm.; lower flowering glumes bear awns about their own length, upper with shorter awns or awnless. DISTRIBUTION: Florida along the coast south of Tampa, Simpson. Texas, Cor- pus Christi, and Hidalgo,® Nealley. South America and West Indies. LEPTOCHLOA NEALLEYI Vasey. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 12: 7. 1885. ‘‘ Col- lected in Texas by Mr. G. C. Nealley, for whom it is named.”’ Leptochloa stricta Fourn. Pl. Mex. 2: 147. 1886. I have examined the type in Paris. ‘‘ Vera Cruz (Gouin, n. 73).”’ Fig. 7.—L. nealleyi. Stems $ to 14m. high, smooth. Leaves elongated or on the smaller plants only 5 to 10 cm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, involute, somewhat scabrous; sheaths smooth or very slightly scabrous. Panicles narrow, 2 to 4 dm. long, branches numer- ous, crowded, appressed, 2 to 6 cm. long. Spikelets crowded, about 2 to 3 mm. long, 3 to 4-flowered. First empty glume about one-half the length of the second and narrower; flowering glumes obtuse. DistTRisBuTION: Texas: Nealley 2501: Bush 1363; Buckley, Drummond 291; Tracy 7368. This has the aspect of L. scabra, but the glumes are rounded at the apex, while in the iatter they are acuminate or slightly awned. (PI. III, fig. 2; text fig. 7.) | LEPTOCHLOA SCABRA Nees. Agrost. Bras. 485. 1829. ‘* Habitat in ripa inundata fluminum Amazonum, Tagipuru et Tocantins, provinciz Paraensis (Mart.).’’? Nees remarks that this differs from L. virgata in having the leaves and sheaths very scabrous and the small, whitish, slender apiei entirely unawned. (PI. III, fig. 1; text fig. 8.) Fie. 8.—L. scabra. L. langloisit Vasey. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 12: 7. 1885. ‘‘ This large and showy species was found in Louisiana by Rev. A. B. Langlois, for whom it is named.”’ Resembles L. nealleyi in habit. Differs in having distinctly scabrous sheaths; the branches of the panicle longer and more or less curved; the spikelets 3mm. or more long, the glumes acute or acuminate. Our plants are probably intro- duced from further south. DISTRIBUTION: Louisiana: In ditches and fields, Station Michaud, 13 miles from New Orleans, Langlois. Brazil: Rusby 235. TS) ho oe Jenman 4441, Costa Rica: Tonduz 2604; Ppruce 494, Pods aco Haaren 335%, aThe specimen afr om Tigao (fig. 4) differs Paae the others in ae ate flowering aida awnless. Itisin an unsatisfactory condition, but may be L. virgata, Beauv. . A 4 4 4 " : 4 . Cay, i ae a NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. 15 B.—Intermediate between Leptochloa and Diplachne. LEPTOCHLOA VISCIDA Beal. Grasses N. A. 2: 434. 1896. Transfers Diplachne viscida Scribn. (Pl. I, fig. 2; text fig. 9.) Diplachne viscida Scribn. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 10: 30. 1883. ‘*Santa Cruz Valley, near Tucson, Arizona.’’ Collected by Pringle. Growing in tufts in moist places, 1 to3 dm. high. Leaves a few cm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide. Panicle short, 1 to 4cm. long, more or less enclosed in the sheaths. Spikelets 3 to 4 mm. long, 5 to 7-flowered. First glume about one-half the second, mm. long. Flowering glumes short awned, somewhat viscid on the back, Fie. 9.—L. viscida. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona: Pringle; Mearns 793, 833; Griffiths 1988. New Mexico: Wright 2041, 2044. Mexico: Pringle 814; Palmer 748, 748}, 692, 1789; Brandegee 5; Wright 1086. LEPTOCHLOA DUBIA Nees in Syll. Ratisb. 1: 4. 1824. In an article entitled ‘‘Nove plantarum species in horto botanico Bonnensi culte,’’ Nees ab Esen- beck. who signs the portion relating to Leptochloa, describes L. procera, and states that it differs from ‘* Leptochloa gracile, Humb. et Kunth n. gen. et sp. I. p. 168 (sub chlori), vaginis glabris, valvulis corollinis nudis, nec ciliatis, apice integris, mucronatis, nec aristatis, flosculorum numero minore.. . A Leptochioa (Chlori) dubia Humb. et Kunth 1. c. p. 169; panicula aequali, nec subfastigiata, flosculorum numero minore, valvulis nudis, nec ciliatis . . .” He thus incidentally transfers these two species of Chloris to Leptochloa. (Fig. 10.) Fig. 10.—L. dubia. Chloris dubia H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 1: 169. 1815. ‘‘ Crescit in apricis subhumidis prope rupem porphyriticam el Penon, in convalle Mexicana, alt. 1168 hexap.”’ Leptostachys dubia Mey. Fl. Esseq. 74. 1818. Refers Chloris dubia doubtfully to Leptostachys. Festuca obtusifiora Willd. in Spreng. Syst. 1: 356. 1825. ‘‘ Mexico.’’ Type seen. _ Uralepis brevispicata Buckley. Proc. Acad. Phil. 1862:93. 1863. ‘*‘ Northern Texas.’ I have examined Buckley’s specimen in the herbarium cf the Philadelphia Academy. 16 - NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. Diplachne dubia Scribn. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 10: 30. 1883. Transferred to the genus Diplachne. Leptochloa pringlet, Beal Grasses N. A. 2: 486. 1896. ‘‘D. pringlei Vasey ined. Arizona, Pringle, 1884.’’ In the Department herbarium is a specimen collected by Pringle in 1884 in Tucson (No. 13), which answers to the description given in Beal’s Grasses, but seems to me to be a small form of L. dubia. This is figured in U.S. D. A. Div. Agrost. Bull. '7: 224, fig. 218. Diplachne dubia Pringleana O. K. ‘Rev. Gen. Pi. 37: 348. 1898, transferred to Leptochloa by Scribner and Merrill, U.S. D. A. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 27, 1901, is a robust variety from Chihuahua, Mexico (Pringle 422). Stems 3 i 10 dm. high from a perennial root. Leaves long and narrow, iinet to a slender point as in L. fascicularis Gray, usually not over one-half cm. wide. Panicle, consisting of several or many more or less spreading spikes, 5 to 15 cm.long. Spikelets,5 to 10 mm. long,5 to 8 flowered, or in the smaller forms only 2-flowered. | Empty glumes acute, upper 4 mm. long, lower a little shorter and narrower; flowering glumes broad and obtuse or emarginate at apex, the midrib sometimes extending into a short point. This species is -readily distinguished by the broad, scarious emarginate apex of the flowering glumes. Thisis a valuable forage plant in the Southwest, where it is called ‘‘sprangle.’’ Experiments indicate that it may prove valuable under culti- vation in the arid regions of our Western States. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona: Lemmon 368. New Mexico: Wooten 418. Texas: Jones 4210; Wright 767. Florida: Garber 33; Curtiss 3450; Simpson 302; Tracy 6453. Mexico: Palmer 270, 278, 530, 381, 482, 468; Bourgeau 533; Brandegee 6; Schaffner 671, 1079, 933; Pringle 422; Xantus 119; Botteri 690. C.—DIPLACHNE. Spikelets several flowered, arranged more distantly on the branches of the panicle and not conspicuously one-sided. LEPTOCHLOA FLORIBUNDA Doell in Mart. FI. Bras. 2°: 89. 1878. Type locality: ‘‘ad ripas fluminis Amazonum inter Manaos et Santarem (Spruce).”’ (Pl. VI, fig. 1; text fig. 11.) Diplachne halei Nash. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 292. 1899. Type collected in Louisiana by Hale. Co-type in herbarinm U.S. D. A. Fig. 11.—L. floribunda. Leptochloa halei Scribn. & Merr. U.S. D. A. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 27. 1901. Transfers Diplachne halei. The relation of L. halei to L. floribunda is dis- cussed in the article last cited. Going over the same evidence I believe that we are safe in making the present disposition. Plant with the aspect of L. fascicularis Gray. Panicle oblong, rather compact, with numerous branches 4 to 6 cm. long. Spikelets 4 to 5 mm. long, 5 to 7 fiowered. Empty glumes slightly unequal, upper about 2 mm., lower shorter. Flowering glumes with a very short point. Probably introduced in the United States from farther south. DisTRIBUTION: Texas to Brazil. Key West: Blodgett; Mississippi: Tracy 7451; Louisiana: Hale; Texas: Drummond 322; Brazil: Spruce 1112. NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. 17 LEPTOCHLOA AQUATICA Scribn. & Merrill. U.S. D. A. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 26.1901. ‘* Type specimen collected in shallow water near Cuernavaca, State of Morelos, altitude 1700 m., C. G. Pringle, 6664 August 22, 1897.” Resembles L. floribunda, but differs in having more unequal outer glumes, longer spikelets, with more distant flowers and obtuse flowering glumes. In L. floribunda the flowering glumes are distinctly short-awned. (Fig. 12.) Fig. 12.—L. aquatica. LEPTOCHLOA FASCICULARIS Gray. Man. Ed. 1.588. 1848. Festuca fascicularis Lam. Tabl. Enc. 1: 189. 1891. ‘*‘ Ex. Amer. merid. Comm. Penrehard. (PL TV, figs: 1,2; Pl: V,fig.i; text fig. 138.) Bromus poefornmis Spreng. Nach. Bot. Gart. Halle 15. 1801. Dr. Dammer, of the Royal Botanical Museum of Berlin, has kindly sent me a transcript of Sprengel’s description. ‘‘ Bromus poceformis mihi Pyrenzen,’’ with refer- ence to a footnote which says ‘‘Poa digitata Michaux. Sed est certissime Bromus, utut repugnet habitus: namque aristze manifesto infra apicem glume oriuntur. Br. panicula erecta stricta composita, spicatis sex floris sub secun- . dis, fol. longissimis involutis.”’ Fig. 13.—L. fascicularis. Festuca polystachya Michx. Fl. 1: 66. 1803. ‘*In arvis Tllinoensibus.’’ Type seen. \ Diplachne fascicularis Beauv. Agrost. 80 and 160. Atlas, p. 11, pl. xvi, fig. 9. \ 1812. Made type of new genus without description of species. \ Festuca procumbens Muhl. Gram. 160. 1817. A prostrate form with longer awns, but the characters are not constant, and it does not seem best to sepa- rate this as a species, as is done by Mr. Nash. Diplachne procumbens Nash in Britton Man. 128. 1901. Transfers Festuca pro- cumbens Muhl. There is a South American species by this name, Diplachne procumbens Arech. Gram. Urug. 354. 1894. 11068—No. 33—03—2 | 18 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. Leptochloa polystachya Kunth. Rev. Gram. 1:.91. 1835 (orearlier?). Transfers Michaux’s Festuca polystachya. Under the rule once a synonym always a synonym the Australian species should receive another name (Leptochloa polystachya Benth. Fl. Austr. 7: 617. 1878). Bentham says (p. 618), ‘“‘I have been able to retain Brown’s specific name, as the American Diplachne panicularis [ fascicularis] named Leptochloa polystachya by Kunth is gener- ally retained under the former genus. Syn. Cynodon polystachya R. Br. Prod. 187. C. virgatus Nees in Steud. Syn. 1: 218. C. Neesit Thw. Enum. PI. Ceyl. iil Diplachne acuminata Nash in Britton Man. 128. 1901. Represented from Nebraska, Rydberg 1713; Arkansas, Coville 87; Colorado, Clements 263. Uralepsis composita Buckley. Proc. Acad. Phil. 1862: 94. 1868. ‘‘ New Mexico. Dr. Woodhouse.’’ I have examined this specimen in the herbarium of the the Academy. Diplachne tracyi Vasey. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 15: 40. 1888. ‘‘In clumps growing in ditches at Reno, Nevada.’’ Tracy No. 216. Dr. Vasey remarks that this is ‘‘ Near_D. fascicularis.”’ In the type specimen which is in the herbarium of the Department of Agriculture the lateral nerves are more con- spicuously excurrent than is usual in D. fascicularis. but there seem to be no constant characters by which this form can be separated. It is a large form, with more exserted panicles, found from Nevada to Mexico, Pringle 813; _ Palmer 691. Leptochloatracyi Beal. Grasses N. A. 2: 436. 1896. Transfers Diplachne tracyt. ’ Festuca multifiora Walt. Fl. Car. 81. 1788. ’ “* Repens, paniculis erectis ovatis, spiculis 8 ad 40-floris acutis, floris angustis, acutis, fauce subplumosis.”’ This may refer to L. fascicularis, but the description is scarcely sufficient. This plant is not represented in Walter’ Ss herbarium, which is at the British Museum. Stems tufted, smooth. 8 to 12 dm. high, erect or procumbent. Leaves narrow, usually involute, 1 to 3 dm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide; sheaths smooth or slightly scabrous. Panicles from a few cm. to 2 dm. long, more or less included in the upper sheath; branches of panicle few or several and of variable length, in the larger forms as much as 1 dm., appressed or ascending, or at maturity spreading. Spikelets usually somewhat overlapping, 7 to 12 mm. long, 6 to 12 flowered. Empty glumes narrow, acute, lower 2 to 3 mm. long, about one-half the upper; flowering glumes 4 to5 mm. long, with an awn of variable length, sometimes, especially in the procumbent form, as long as the glume; lateral nerves pubescent below. DISTRIBUTION: Maryland to Florida and west to South Walkera and New Mexico. Texas: Jones 4203; Drummond 387. Kansas: Hitchcock 920. Florida: Nash 2306. St. Croix: Ricksecker 306. Cuba: Wright 3822, 3812. Mexico: Pringle 813; Palmer 254, 691; Schaffner 688 (D. procumbens). LEPTOCHLOA IMBRICATA Thurb. Bot. Calif. 2: 293. 1880. ‘‘ Larkins . Station, San Diego County (Palmer No. 404); Fort Yuma (Major Thomas); and through the Gila Valley to the Rio Grande.”’ (PI. V, fig. 2; text fig. 14.) Diplachne imbricata Scribn. in Vasey Til. N. A. Grasses 17: No.42. 1891. Trans- fers Leptochloa imbricata and gives a plate. Diplachne verticillata Nees & Mey. Noy. Act. Nat. Cur.19. Suppl. 1: 158. 1843. (Not Leptochloa verticillata Kunth, 1835.) ‘‘AdCopiapo in republica Chilensi, Martio 1831, et ad Aricam Peruviz.’’ The authors remark that this species differs from Diplachne virens of Brazil (presumably Tridens virens Nees) and D. fascicularis in having the glumes not awned from the apex but very shortly mucronate and from the first in its larger spikelets. I have examined T. virens Nees and think it is not identical with L. imbricata Thurb. NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. lity, Leptochloa virletii Fourn. Pl. Mex. 2: 147, 1886. San Luis de Potosi’’ (Virl., -n. 1404). Type specimen examined at Paris. Rabdochloa imbricata Kuntze. Rev. Gen.8: 788, 1891. Transfers Leptochloa imbricata Thurb. Resembles in habit L. fascicularis Gray. The panicle is more oblong in outline, being more compact and with shorter branches, and often dark colored and more exserted. Spikelets also resembling L. fascicularis, but the empty glumes are broader and more obtuse, and the flowering glumes are somewhat apiculate but not awned. Fig. 14.—L. imbricata. . DISTRIBUTION: Arizona: Palmer 548, 51; Lemmon 360; Vasey 540. California: Wright 2118; Coulter 776. Texas: Tracy 7367. Mexico: Palmer 47, 134, 331, 216,5; Mearns 2741. Argentina: Hieronymus 1088. Paraguay: Morong 981. There is a Leptochloa verticillata from the East Indies (Kunth Gram. 1: 91, 1835. Eleusine verticillata Roxb., Hort. Beng. 8. 1814). Diplachne tarapacarum Philippi from Chili appears to belong here, judging from the specimen in herbarium U.S.D.A. (Anal. Mus. Nac. Chili. Bot. 88. 1891.) LEPTOCHLOA SPICATA Scribn. Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila., 1891. 3804. 1891. Transfers Diplachne spicata. (Fig. 15.) Fig. 15.—L. spicata. Bromus spicatus Nees. Agrost. Bras., 471. 1829. ‘‘ Habitat in campis, campo mimoso dictis, provinciz Piauhiane.’’ Nees observes that in habit this forms a transition to Brachypodium or Agropyron, but differs in the few nerved glumes; nor does it fit in Diplachne any better, since the native species has the glumes not at all apiculate, and foreign species differ much otherwise. 20 NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. Tricuspis (Triplasis) simplex Griseb. Mem. Acad. Sci. and Arts. N. Ser. 8: 532, 1862. Plant. Wright. 2. ‘‘ In rupibus aridis,’’ Wright, 1551. Diplachne simplex Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras., 2°: 97. 1878. ‘* Habitat in prov. Piauhy (Gardner n. 2367).”’ Diplachne spicata Doell 1. c., 159. 1878. This isa correction. ‘‘Pag.97. Delea- tur Diplachne simplex; legatur Diplachne spicata, ut conservetur nomen specificum. ”’ ; Triodia schaffnert Wats. Proc. Am. Acad.,18: 181. 1883. ‘*In the Escabrillos Mountains, San Luis Potosi (1077 Schaffner) closely resembling in habit the Cuban Tricuspis simplex of Grisebach and Diplachne spicata Doell of Brazil. It is clearly a Triodia as the genus is defined by Mr. Bentham.’’ Diplachne reverchoni Vasey. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 13: 118. 1886. ‘* Collected on granitic rocks, Llano Co., Texas, by Mr. J. Reverchon.’”’ Triplasis setacea Griseb. in Goett. Abhandl., 24: 304. 1879. Plantz Lorentz- iane). ‘‘Pr. la Merced. S.: ad fil. Juramento.’’ In his remarks upon this species Grisebach says: ‘‘ Species 7. stmplici Gr. (Pl. Wright. Cub., IT, p. 532) proxima.’’ Stems tufted, slender, 1 to3 dm. high. Leaves usually about one-half the height of the flowering culm, numerous, narrow, slender, andinvolute. Infloresence reduced to a single spike, 5 to 10 cm. long. Spikelets 4 to 7 mm. long, several flowered. Empty glumes acute, flowering glume short awned. DISTRIBUTION: Texas: Reverchon, 1613; Nealley, 78. Mexico: Pringle, 3267. Argentina: Hieronymus, 337. Brazil: Gardner, 2367. Diplachne loliiformis F. von M. of Australia closely resembles this. Besides those species mentioned above are three described by Four- nier, which I have not seen. Copies of the original descriptions of these are here appended. LEPTOCHLOA LIEBMANNI Fourn. Pl. Mex., 2: 147, 1886. Culmo elato 2-3 pedali, valde ramoso, stramineo, glabro; foliis infra longe vaginan- tibus mellibus lanceolatis, 4-5'” latis, ligula fimbriata; panicula longa stricta, radiis appressis, secundifloris; spiculis 4-floris, glumis inzqualibus, inferiore aucta dimidio breviore, superiore obtusa obscure trilobata, lobo medio mucro- nato; palea exteriore acuta carinata. Antigua, februario (Liebm., n. 248); absque loco (Liebm., n. 244). DIPLACHNE PATENS Fourn. PI. Mex., 2: 148. 1886. Culmo a basi ramoso, ramis circulariter ascendentibus glabro, striato, stramineo, nodis brunneis, ligula hyalina acuta szpe laciniata, foliis longis linearibus angulo recto divergentibus, acutis; panicula invaginata, radiis alternis patulis flexuosis scabris, spiculis 7-floris; gluma inferiore dimidiam superiorem non equante, exteriore violacea acuminata carinata scabra: rhachi inter flores flexuosa; palea inferiore carinata, nervo medio prominente acuminata, supe- riore duplo minore, bicarinata, obtusa, apice integra. Vera Cruz (Gouin, n. 98). LEPTOCHLOA PANICULATA Fourn. Bul. Soc. Bot. France (ser. 2), 27: 296. 1880. Culmo 3-pedali, cum nodis glabro: foliis latis brevibus, acuminatis, ligula brevi laciniata; inflorescentia pedali, axi panicule et radiorum scabro; radiis primariis primum patulis, dein divaricatis, in dimidia inferiore parte radiolos semipollicaresemittentibus; spiculis 3-4 floris muticis, floribus remotis, glumis eequalibus. palea exteriore bidentata mutica. Absque loco (n. 1079). ' } : NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF LEPTOCHLOA. 21. SPECIES EXCLUDED. Aew-~f,. LEPTOCHLOA BRANDEGEI Vasey =GOUINIA BRANDEGEI Hitche. te (Fig. 16.) Fig. 16.—Gouinia brandegei. Callus on right. This was first described by Vasey (Proc. Calif. Acad., ser. 2,2: 218. 1889). This agrees with the other species of Gouinia in habit and in general floral struc- ture, such as the 1-nerved unequal empty glumes, the 3-nerved flowering glume, the rather long-pediceled rudimentary flower, and the hairy callus of the lower flower. It differs from the other species chiefly in the very short awn to the flowering glume. DISTRIBUTION: Lower California; Brandegee 7,9, 11,38. Carmen Island, Mexico: Palmer, 362. Leptoehloa rigida Munro=Eragrostis sessilispica Buckley. Leptochloa palmeri Vasey ined.= Gouwinia virgata Scribn. Leptochloa mexicana Scribn.=Gouinia mexicana Scribn. Je Ni ot ee PrAte ZT Vue TEL. DW: VI. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Fig. 1.—Leptochloa mucronata Kunth. Athens, Ill. The usual form. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa viscida Beal. Mexican Boundary Survey, Mearns No. 793. Fig. 1.—Leptochloa domingensis Trin. Florida, Simpson. Fig. 2.— Leptochloa domingensis Trin. Hidalgo, Tex., Nealley. Fig. 1.—Leptochloa scabra Nees. Louisiana, Langlois. This is the specimen upon which was based Leptochloa Langloisii Vasey. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa nealleyi Vasey. Texas, Nealley. Type specimen. Fig. 1.—Leptochloa fascicularis. The prostrate form that has been named Diplachne procumbens Nash. Denver, Colo., Letterman. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa fascicularis. The western form which has been named Diplachne tracyi Vasey. Reno, Nev., Tracy, 216. Typespeci- men of D. tracyt Vasey. Fig. 1.—Leptochloa fascicularis Gray. Sheffield, Mo. Bush No. 804. The ordinary form. Fig. 2.—Leptochloa imbricata Thurb. Culti- vated in Grass Garden, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Leptochioa floribunda Doell. The cotype of Diplachne halei Nash. Louisiana, Hale. A fragmentary specimen, but interesting because of its history. 24 O Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. £ North Americao Fics: T. is 5 \ Brome Seow Bees at Ati MLL, 186 Vines htm Mee EE Fic. 1.—LEPTOCHLOA MUCRONATA. e ’ 4 ALA Getrag mancsnuita (i f\ FiG. 2.—LEPTOCHLOA VISCIDA. ‘ Ae ae Ve F ; ; i > ‘ \ ' 4 , : : se ma % i + it Oy a - re) a at i . ’ ‘ F ; , , Te i, a, ’ ~ ‘al 4 ‘ ”. ee 2 5 y % ‘ *¢ = t 4 Wet ; af ee - ¢ 4 0 pe ee ii s ‘ ay i "] & PLATE II. Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. FiG. 1.—LEPTOCHLOA DOMINGENSIS, FROM FLORIDA. Fig. 2 LEPTOCHLOA DOMINGENSIS, FROM TEXAS. ” Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. PLATE III. a) © — | - & a] a | fe) fe) st = e) > @ 2) > w D > ASTIVAN VOITHOOLdS]1—"S SIS rm | : | a ei ak. % c a eae > * ; + ‘ * ‘ ¢ ; i ‘ z sat , ¢ 2 ei sae ‘ z x c rey ar a mee a! 5 » iy S { i : ae ' Nom " oH ‘ : ; ve 7 or 2 Ky r ee Sa ee oe De sts Be & i “ fe here ‘ane aie i - ¢ 3 * F a > - < « ’ ¢ ? ft * < y y ‘ « 2 Fi ¢ 7 * ‘ i ho « i“ & ¥ o k: j a x : . tres = . i c Sor * : ae i 3 oy ; 5 E ' ; ‘ ey err oA NE ke eR ee ude BH ee HMA Ow nal ( Names , pee é a ; " ‘ + ‘ k Lo *” 5 i a : i ‘ # Es - ae | ma Sat 4) K yt s Sy Fi I Remmm e ateenmnin te leet eerie cht Ire eS ek gg: 4 ; . ie 2 o ree z ' Pons ¢ = > ane x + Po . . vet a ye m us ra -« = pak: ere ‘ b ; t ‘ rH by " é % # zi J SMe e Ei ¢ w ‘ % a 7 vt . ” : rs - 4 44 rt) bs ¥ PV: ca i ie A : i ; > ji x f j = ” i FI Vi : ‘ “f o ora 1 R " i \ be z : . i ee PLate IV. Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Fia@. 1.—LEPTOCHLOA FASCICULARIS (DIPLACHNE PROCUMBENS NASH). FiG. 2.—LEPTOCHLOA FASCICULARIS (DIPLACHNE TRACY! VASEY). s epieat Z a at ee a *“(WYHO4 AYVNIGHUO) SIYVINDIOSVS VOTHOOLd3a]—' | “SI4 VLIVOIYEW! VOTHOOLda]1—'S “SI4 Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. PLATE V. Bul. 33, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S, Dept. of Agriculture. PLATE VI. Fi@. 1.—LEPTOCHLOA FLORIBUNDA, dip ey Aaked. toe ot. ar : » ner y y get F> 5 i : cae +" fy / / hey . , * Y + o j “ f d 7 14 ] f 2) : : ; 4 i 7 Y 4 & : 5 4 - 2 ' j ' iy 5 ~ r Aig . ‘ ‘ : ‘ i“ hy A, 4 ‘ ~ - ry t MITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES eet t eg « ‘ eee i ; 4 i i te brs Sa re it ; ey Al > 4 - we She pepe oes ‘* aa Seat Rae nna ae a ata ielete alte nets relelejeleleleot #\*10" pes , estates si lel ; (Ttlsiaielers Ssh s ahelaten peor isitie tte totete tele ton Walsieleletelciateis! BT Ag eh seat? 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