sretsbsts ss i i *, “ # 14 i ‘ Nit Sqtetatet i} ste i i ils botethasshiseet teres Serpesareirss tose Gt is Pate —e 3 ++ ses att 14 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN. BIOLOGY ‘MAR 9 1992. Mie: cS ¢” FIELDIANA ° Zoology Published by Field Museum of Natural History Volume 62, No. 5 Jauuary 25 1974 Notes on Bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) New to the Faunal Lists of Afghanistan and Iran HANS N. NEUHAUSER COASTAL PLAINS CHAPTER GEORGIA CONSERVANCY, 127 ABERCORN ST., SAVANNAH AND ANTHONY F. DEBLASE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ABSTRACT Myotis muricola, Vespertilio murinus, and Pipistrellus savii are reported from Afghanistan for the first time and the first record of Nyctalus leisleri from Iran is given. Both N. leisleri and N. montanus are shown to occur in Afghanistan and an additional record of P. savit from Iran is reported. Barbastella leucomelas darjel- ingensis is shown to occur in Afghanistan and B. |. leucomelas is shown to occur in Iran, extending the range of the nominate subspecies about 1,700 km. to the north northeast. INTRODUCTION In the course of examining the Chiroptera collected by the W. S. and J. K. Street Expeditions of 1962-68 and 1968 to Iran and of 1965 to Afghanistan, we have discovered several specimens which repre- sent significant range extensions and which are new to the faunal lists of these two countries. Unless otherwise noted, all specimens are in the collections of Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), in Chicago. A gazetteer of localities is provided in Table 1, including co- ordinates and the approximate elevations in meters of the collecting sites. Provincial designations and spelling of place names follow US ISSN 0015-0754 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 73-91879 Publication 1177 85 eyoLogy LIBRA FEB 1 8 1974 101 86 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 the Times Atlas of the World, Comprehensive Edition (1967, Edin- burgh). General descriptions of the habitat in the regions from which these bats were collected are provided by Lay (1967) and Hassinger (1968). Their descriptions are grouped under headings of major collecting sites; these sites are also referenced in Table 1. SPECIES ACCOUNTS Myotis muricola caliginosus (Tomes) Vespertilio muricola Gray, 1846, Cat. Hodgson Coll. B. M. 4. Type locality: Nepal. Vespertilio caliginosus Tomes, 1859, Proc. Zool. Soc., London 1859, p. 73. Type locality: India. This species is known from Nepal to Bhutan Duars, Tenasserim, and Laos (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951, p. 139) and the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Sipora Island, Borneo, Java, and Bali (Chasen, 1940, p. 49). The form calzginosus is known from Simla and Sikkim (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951, p. 189). The following record extends the known range of the species by approximately 800 km. to the northwest and is the first known occurrence of the species in Afghanistan. On October 17, 1965, the Street Expedition to Afghanistan col- lected an adult male M. m. caliginosus from near the village of Kamu (table 1). The bat was shot while flying at dusk above a forest dominated by oak, Quercus baloot. Tate (1941, p. 544) and others have treated muricola as a sub- species of M. mystacinus, but Findley (1972, p. 48) considered them distinct species based on a series of morphological criteria and the sympatric occurrence of muricola and mystacinus in Nepal. Find- ley also considered caliginosus to belong to the muricola group. We tentatively follow this arrangement here, although calzginosus may prove to be equivalent to M. m. muricola. Measurements of the Kamu specimen (FMNH 102759) are presented in Table 2. Vespertilio murinus murinus Linnaeus Vespertilio murinus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed. 1, p. 32. Type local- ity: Sweden. This species occurs in the central latitudes of the Palearctic, from France and southern Norway in the west to the vicinity of Vladivos- tok, USSR in the east (Wallin, 1969, p. 308, fig. 86) and from ap- *JOOIIODUL oe (G) *d (uvuUdg ‘TOT ‘d ‘1961) ABT (wweg 596 ‘d ‘196T) APT (yoAtezoy ‘16 “d ‘196T) ABT (ss¥q ieqiys ‘09 “d ‘g96T) JesuisseH (ss¥q Jeqiys ‘09 “d ‘gg6T) JesuIsseyy (ysopue y ‘gg “d “gg6T) JosuIsseyy (peqeeer ‘69 “d ‘gg6T) Josulsseyy (eueUIe yy ‘cg ‘d ‘ggg[) JosuIsseyy [UL UOIdIIosep yeqIqey [BUOTTIPpY 009T 008T 006T OVKS 00G¢ ogéT OgL Sool (S10}0UL) UOT]BAILA W/6T o€9 NEV GE Ws ofG N/GS o9€ W/8E SV N8S LE 80 89 N.dG ové 67 oL9 N/6P VE WES ofl Nv VS GE WSs OL N96 VE WIT o9 N,OG oGé Sa] VUIPI0-09 199}}028)—"T ATAWL ‘8961) JosuIssepZ Aq USAIS [NQUIOYGY JO} SeyVUIPI0-05, dDUIAOIG UBIepUuBzZeP, ‘IBg-98-SUueg aUIAOIg UBlepuRZzeyy ‘eUeS ddUIAOIg Wearyy a-uvlieqiezy ‘unAn’)-oA-yolize pr NVuI soUIAOIg uvAlweg ,‘~nquoys sdUIAOIg uevdlwmeg ‘peqepeseg sdUIAOIg Ieuoy ‘nury aUIAOIg Ieyiesuen ‘peqryieler ddUIAOLY qelieg ‘Yseiyoleg NV.LSINVHOUV AqBo0'T_T 87 8 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 io) proximately 60°N in the USSR (Bobrinskii et al., 1965, map 34) and Europe (van den Brink, 1968, p. 67), south to Kashmir (True, 1894, p. 15) and approximately 31°N in western Iran (DeBlase, 1971, p. 12). The nominate form V. m. murinus occurs in the western por- tion of the range of the species and extends east to Mongolia (Wal- lin, 1969, p. 308, fig. 36). The specimen cited below is the first re- ported occurrence of this species in Afghanistan. The Street Expedition to Afghanistan shot a single adult male 8 km. northwest of Belchiragh (table 1), on September 12, 1965. The bat was flying after dark above a fallow wheat field in an irrigated valley. This specimen (FMNH 102764) does not differ substantially from the fur color, measurements (table 2), penis morphology, and position of maximum tragus width given by Wallin (1969, p. 303) for the nominate subspecies. Nyctalus leisleri Kuhl Vespertilio leisleri Kuhl, 1818, Ann. Wetterau Ges. Naturk., 4(I), p. 46. Type locality: Hanau, Hessen, West Germany. This monotypic species is known from scattered areas in Western Europe including England, Ireland, Netherlands, France, Switzer- land, Germany, Spain, Poland, Roumania, and in Russia, from cen- tral Volga and Moscow Province to the Caucasus (Ellerman and Morrison-Seott, 1951, p. 159). Gaisler (1970, p. 36) reported addi- tional specimens from Kashmir and India (Punjab). The following specimens represent the first definite records of the species from both Iran and Afghanistan. On August 18 and 20, 1962, members of the first Street Expedi- tion to Iran collected three noctules from above a stream near Sama (table 1) which Lay (1967, p. 144) identified as N. noctula. We have re-examined these (F MNH 96760-62) and found them to agree in size (table 2), pelage, and dental characters with N. leisleri. The re-identification of the Sama specimens does not remove N. noctula from Iran’s faunal list, as earlier specimens of \V. noctula were re- ported from Iran by Thomas (1907, p. 197) and Bianki (1917, p. viii) and one of us (AFD) has verified these identifications. Meyer-Oehme (1965, p. 46) collected a noctule from Ismael Khel, Paktia Province, Afghanistan that he provisionally identified as ““Nyctalus (?) leisleri montanus.”’ He stated that the specimen was like that from North India described by Barrett-Hamilton (1906, p. 99) as Pterygistes montanus, and that the dorsal coloration was “‘roet- “dij 03 esvq WO} Y}SUE] BY} SB UAAIS SI YoIyM (sn8vI}) IJ, pue ‘(n"d) MBlO By} Jo YYBUET 94} SepNjoul e1ey YoIyA (300} puly) YH 410} ydeoxe (Z-] ‘dd ‘pgGT) UOSIIIe}] MOTO} sonbruyde} pue suCeIAsIqqe JUEWOINSeE, a OF 0S Sloe See SPL as 6F al IZ TS OF uvjysiueysyy ‘nwey 6 PL1201 HNWA sisuabuyaliop *) vyjajspqing COL FS CR OL See Es Fk OS Pr 61 Tr 8g LTT uly ‘ivg-e-sueg 6 99196 HNWA SDjawMoana) *) DIJaISDQLDT C6.) SF A2 8 Sele ae eer ek ag Pale es aed] ‘unAn®-oA-Yorlze 6 8L1SL1IT ZNWOA SOx eo emir Oe Oe oe oho Bek SoS OR oS uejsiuBysyy ‘peqepexeg Y “yeoun WNSN e662 €3 238% 3 Le a Se = 2 Sia ST 8 2 uejyslueys}y ‘nuey © g¢1z0l HNWA £6. CSS yee Pet ESE Bet gé 2 ST 8 88 98 uejsiueysyy ‘ysemyojeg 6 291201 HNN CGS Frio Bobs eS) for cst ST Sm) &1 L 6& &8 uejysiueysyy ‘Inquoys © g0¢z0l HNWA snaisponna LUDs $n7I]a.48Idiq ih Shoo Fe OS SLE OL Ser wy 8 GST TESS? tT ueyslueysyy ‘peqeierer 6 ZOSZOl HNN SNUDJUOU snjDIaf NT Ste we te SS Lr SOt Car. 6st Ser Zz 9T Or sé LOT uejslueysyy ‘nuey © 091201 HNN Pike goons See. be COL Oot. CST. 2SF7 LI OT 6F GIT uvly ‘ewes 6 79196 HNWA O9 eS 8 GP Ost OSE. Ser — LI 6 &F 90T uviy ‘ewes 6 19196 HNWH oth tease 28-9) SOL esr Let str — 9T Ol FF 90I uvly ‘ewes 6 09196 HNWA 24ajsia) snqojoh NT oe 2 gee eb SF. VOL ESE 9et oF 9 oT OT 8h 90T uvystueysyy ‘yselyojeg © $9L201 HNWA SNULINU “Ub OYYLAASA A G6. Fa tS 8 Ve- TS. Sst St vé 8 -GPTI L 6& 62 ueysiueysyy ‘nuey © 691201 HNWA Snsouiwbyn9 njoriinu syok py Wns) as Ol 82°-IdO TD Va IL ow qH L 7T uetuloadg "}X0] Ul passnosip Susuideds Jo ,S}]USWeINSvEUL [RIURIO pue [eUIEXY °*Z WTAVL 89 90 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 lich mittelbraun”’ and thus presumably monochromatic. In a later paper, Meyer-Oehme (1968, p. 98) identified the same specimen as N. lecslert without further comment. The dorsal fur color of true N. letslert is bicolored whereas that of N. montanus is monochromatic (Gaisler, 1970, p. 85). Thus the identification of Meyer-Oehme’s specimen is open to question. The Street Expedition to Afghanistan collected an adult female N. leislert (FMNH 102760) from Kamu (table 1), on October 16, 1965 and a female N. montanus (FMNH 102502) from 7 km. north of Jalalabad (table 1) on October 19, 1965. Thus the presence in Afghanistan of both species of small noctules is demonstrated. Measurements of the Street Expedition specimens are given in Table 2. Pipistrellus savii caucasicus (Satunin) Vespertilio savii Bonaparte, 1837, Faun. Ital. I, fasc. 20. Type locality: Pisa, Italy. Vesperugo (Vesperus) caucasicus Satunin, 1901, Zool. Anz., 24, p. 462. Type locality: Tiflis, Caucasus. This species is known from Morocco, Algeria, the Canary Islands, and possibly the Cape Verde Islands (Hayman and Hill, 1971, p. 39), most of the Mediterranean region in Europe from southern Spain to Greece (van den Brink, 1968, p. 53), Turkey (Osborn, 1963, p. 216), and Lebanon (Harrison, 1964, p. 163). In the USSR it is known from several localities in the Crimea and from scattered records from the Black Sea east to Tadzhikistan (Bobrinskii et al., 1965, map 82). Neuhauser (1970, p. 319) reported it from India and Ellerman and Morrison-Seott (1951, p. 169) included Mongolia, Sikkim, Burma, and Assam. Farhang-Azad (1969, p. 730) and DeBlase (1971, p. 11) reported specimens from Iran. The specimens cited below constitute the first records of this species from Afghanistan. The subspecies caucasicus occurs in the Crimea, the Caucasus, Turkestan, (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951, p. 170) and Le- banon (Harrison, 1964, p. 168). The Street Expedition to Afghanistan collected three P. s. cau- casicus in 1965. A male (FMNH 102508) was shot on July 25 as it flew over a narrow valley cultivated in wheat and adjacent to a stream bordered by Populus sp. at Shombul (table 1), on Septem- ber 12 a female (FMNH 102762) was shot 8 km. northwest of Bel- NEUHAUSER & DeBLASE: NOTES ON BATS 91 chiragh (table 1), and a second male (FMNH 102758) was shot on October 15 near Kamu (table 1). On August 30, 1968 a camp aide to Dr. K. Kawata collected a male P. s. caucasicus at Sayedabad (table 1), 4 km. southeast of Bamiyan, Afghanistan. This specimen is now in the collections of the United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM uncataloged). Farhang-Azad (1969, p. 731) reported seven P. savii collected at Chelmir, in northern Khorasan Province, Iran and DeBlase (1971, p. 11) reported two specimens collected by the 1968 Street Expedition to Iran, at Maku, Azarbaijan-e Bakhtari Province and Sar Dasht, near Lordegan, Esfahan Province. On November 11, 1969, Youton Botoloff mistnetted a female of this species on Jazireh-ye-Quyun (table 1), an island in Lake Rezaiyeh, Azarbaijan-e Khavari Prov- ince, Iran. This specimen is now in the collections of the University Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ 117578). Barbastella leucomelas (Cretzschmar) Vespertilio leucomelas Cretzschmar, 1826, In Riippell, Atlas Reise nordl. Afrika Saugeth., p. 73, pl. 28b. Type locality: Arabia Petraea (=Sinai). Plecotus darjelingensis Hodgson, 1855, In Horsfield, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., p. 108. Type locality: Darjeeling, North-Eastern India. This species occurs in Sinai and, questionably, in Eritrea and Senegal (Hayman and Hill, 1971, p. 46). In southern and eastern Asia it ranges widely from the Caucasus to Indo-China (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951, p. 176) and Japan (Wallin, 1969, p. 387). Harrison (1964, p. 178), in his treatment of Arabian barbastelles, suggested that B. leucomelas might be no more than a pale desert sub- species of B. barbastellus. However, as the material available to him was old and imperfect, he deferred a decision until more specimens could be collected. Kock (1969, pp. 176-179) considered the two forms conspecific, but maintained lewcomelas as a subspecies. Kuzy- akin (im Bobrinskii et al., 1965, p. 100) reported that the ranges of barbastellus and leucomelas are sympatric in Caucasia and Transcau- casia, and that in these areas the forms are distinct. On this basis, we continue to regard the two forms as separate species, while recogniz- ing that B.1. lewcomelas and B. 1. darjelingensis may eventually prove to be only races of B. barbastellus. There are two currently recognized subspecies of B. lewcomelas, the nominate form and B. l. darjelingensis, but the differences be- tween the two have not been made entirely clear. Cretzschmar (7 92 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 Ruppell, 1826, pl. 28b) pictured the type of B. leucomelas from Arabia Petraea (=Sinai) with a dark blackish-brown throat and breast re- gion fading to a lighter black-brown washed with cream in the mid- abdominal region, which in turn fades to a cream washed with straw brown in the inguinal region. Harrison (1964, p. 177) described the coloration of a specimen (BM 7.1.1.846) from the coast of Arabia and his description closely approximates the type. A specimen (fig. 1, FMNH 96766) from Sang-e-Sar (table 1), Iran, reported by Lay (1967, p. 147) as B. leucomelas, has both dorsal and ventral colora- tions which closely resemble the illustration of the type by Cretz- schmar, the descriptions and photograph of B. lewcomelas given by Harrison (1964, pp. 166, pl. 51a; 177), and color photographs of the coast of Arabia specimen taken by one of us (AFD). We conclude that the nominate subspecies can be reported from the type locality, the coast of Arabia, and northern Iran. The presence of B. l. leu- comelas in Iran extends the known range of the subspecies to the north northeast by approximately 1,700 km.; the specimen isalso the first of the subspecies to be reported in almost a century. The Street Expedition to Afghanistan collected a female B. leu- comelas (FMNH 102774) from Kamu (table 1) on October 16, 1965. The specimen exhibits a coloration strikingly different from the Ara- bian and Iranian specimens (fig. 1). The dorsal aspect is almost totally black, with only a slight hint of silver color at the tips of the fur. The ventral region is only slightly paler than the dorsum; the throat and chest are blackish-brown, and the mid-abdomen has slight indications of white tips. Only in the post-inguinal region is the color more white than black. Hodgson’s (im Horsfield, 1855, p. 103) description of the type of B. 1. darjelingensis from Darjeeling states that the color is deeper than “‘Plecotus (?) homochrous,”’ in- clining to blackish. Comparisons of the Afghan specimen with five from India( two from Mussoorie, FMNH 48571 and 48578, and three from Darjeeling, FMNH 82787, 82738, and BM 17.4.23.8) indicate that the Afghan form exhibits the usual coloration for B. l. dar- jelingensis. We can detect no substantial difference other than coloration (see table 2) between B. 1. leucomelas and B. l. darjelingensis, but the dif- ferences in color are striking and apparently so uniform that sub- specific distinction is warranted. Hisy, PPORY Muses, Se Uns ee Me Meek Raiea , : ae f¥ag ee Ks, c Fig. 1. Barbastella 1. leucomelas, FMNH 96766 (A, dorsal; C, ventral) from Sang-e-Sar, Iran and B. l. darjelingensis, FMNH 102774 (B, dorsal; D, ventral) from Kamu, Afghanistan. 93 94 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The 1962-63 Street Expedition to Iran and the 1965 Street Ex- pedition to Afghanistan were sponsored by Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. The 1968 Street Expedition to Iran was co-spon- sored by Field Museum of Natural History and the Iran Department of Game and Fish. We thank all of the Americans, Iranians, and Afghanis who helped to make these expeditions a success, particu- larly William S. and Janice K. Street, leaders of the three expedi- tions. Joseph Curtis Moore, former Curator of Mammals, and Luis de la Torre, present Curator of Mammals at Field Museum, have as- sisted our work in many ways and we thank J. E. Hill of the British Museum (Natural History), Henry W. Setzer of the U. S. National Museum of Natural History, and Douglas M. Lay of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology for allowing us to examine and re- port on specimens in their collections. Thanks also are due Duane A. Schlitter of the Carnegie Museum for his assistance and advice on several aspects of this paper. REFERENCES BARRETT-HAMILTON, G. E.H. 1906. Descriptions of two new species of Pterygistes. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Seri 7s Dao: BIANKI, V. 1917-1921. Neizvestnyya v literature mestonakhozhdeniya russkikh Chiroptera {Notes on the Chiroptera of Russia]. Ehzhegodnik Zool. Muz. Akad. Nauk, 22, pp. viili-ix. BOBRINSKII, N. A., B. A. KUZNETZOV and A. P. KUZYAKIN 1965. Opredelitel Mlekopitaiushchikh SSSR [Mammals of the USSR], 2nd. ed. Moscow, 382 pp. CHASEN, F. N. 1940. A handlist of Malaysian mammals. Bul. i-xx, 209 pp. Raffles Mus., 15, DEBLASE, A. F. 1971. New distributional records of bats from Iran. Fieldiana: Zool., 58, pp. 9-14. ELLERMAN, J. R., and T. C. S. MORRISON-SCOTT 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals, 1758 to 1946. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, 810 pp. FARHANG-AZAD, A. 1969. Bats from north Khorassan, Iran. Mammalia, 33, pp. 730-7382. FINDLEY, J. S. 1972. Phenetic relationships among bats of the genus Myotis. Syst. Zool., 21, pp. 31-52. NEUHAUSER & DeBLASE: NOTES ON BATS 95 GAISLER, J. 1970. The bats (Chiroptera) collected in Afghanistan by the Czechoslovak Ex- peditions of 1965-1967. Acta Sci. Nat. Brno, 4, pp. 1—56. HARRISON, D. L. 1964. The mammals of Arabia. Vol. 1, Insectivora, Chiroptera, Primates. London, 192 pp. HASSINGER, J. D. 1968. Introduction to the mammal survey of the 1965 Street Expedition to Afghanistan. Fieldiana: Zool., 55, 81 pp. HAYMAN, R. W., and J. E. HILL 1971. Order Chiroptera. In: Meester, J. and H. W. Setzer, eds., The mammals of Africa: An identification manual. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washing- ton, D.C., 73 pp. HORSFIELD, T. 1855. Brief notices of several new or little-known species of Mammalia, lately discovered and collected in Nepal by Brian Houghton Hodgson, Esq. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 16, pp. 101-114. Kock, D. 1969. Die Fledermaus-Fauna des Sudan. Abh. senckenberg. naturforsch. Ges., 521, 238 pp. Lay, D. M. 1967. A study of the mammals of Iran resulting from the Street Expedition of 1962-63. Fieldiana: Zool., 54, 282 pp. MEYER-OEHME, D. 1965. Die Saeugetiere Afghanistans (Teil III) Chiroptera. Science, Quart. Jour. Fac. Sci., Kabul Univ., (spec. ed.), pp. 42-59. 1968. Zur Kenntnis der Chiropteren-Fauna Afghanistans. Bonn. Zool. Beitr. 19, pp. 97-103. NEUHAUSER, H. N. 1970. First positive record of Pipistrellus savii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from India. Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 67, pp. 319-320. OsBORN, D. J. 1963. New distributional records of bats from Turkey. Mammalia, 27, pp. 210-217. RUPPELL, E. 1826. Atlas zu der Reise im noérdlichen Afrika. Siugethiere., 78 pp. TATE, G. H. H. 1941. Results of the Archbold Expeditions, no. 39. A review of the genus Myotis (Chiroptera) of Eurasia, with special reference to the species occurring in the east Indies. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 78 pp. 537-565. THOMAS, O. 1907. On mammals from northern Persia presented to the National Museum by Col. A. C. Bailward. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 20, pp. 196-202. TRUE, F. W. 1894. Notes on mammals of Baltistan and the vale of Kashmir, presented to nie Ms ae Museum by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, pp. 96 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 62 VAN DEN BRINK, F. H. 1968. A field guide to the mammals of Britain and Europe. Boston, 221 pp. WALLIN, L. 1969. The Japanese bat fauna. Zoologiska Bidrag Fran Uppsala, 37, pp. 223- 440. rf | iu 009