% Ke At hiveran * i iy my 1) % Nye ae Hts Cae ut ae : ay . f _ >, 7 ,) me re 7 ode), dir Cs tay v han ( iL 7 " ev i u : ae - i i that ry NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, I. By Oakes Ames, A. M., F. L. S. Director of thé Botanic Garden of Harvard University. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. S. A.) Gn oak te AN REPRINTED FROM THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Published by the Bureau of Science of the Philippine Government, Manila, P. [. Vot. IV, No. 5, Section C, Botany, NovemBer, 1909 ved MANILA BUREAU OF PRINTING 1909 89218) es ay aS Vice Te 12 Sheol A+ 7 ~ “ai tee ae 4 THE. PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE C; BOTANY Vou. 1V NOVEMBER, 1909 No. 5 NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW “SPECIES; I= By Oakes AMES. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. S. A.) It has been suggested by Dr. Fritz Kranzlin that the species of Den- drochilum which I have assigned to the section Acoridiwm ought to constitute a distinct genus. Dr. Kriinzlin asserts that the form of the labellum is quite distinctive in Acoridium on account of its likeness to the letter E. When I studied Dendrochilum tenellum in the preparation of Fascicle I of “Orchidaceae” I felt strongly that it belonged to a genus entirely distinct from Dendrochilum because of the absence of stelidia from the column and of the peculiar subfiliform leaves. Since then I have been convinced by a study of more material that Acoridium belongs to Dendrochilum. In the first place, the E-formed labellum on which Dr. Krianzlin lays emphasis is only characteristic of a majority of the species of the section Acoridium and is not found in D. turpe, D. oligan- thum, D. hastatum, D. Merrillii and D. ocellatum, which clearly belong to the section. In the second place the lack of stelidia in the species of § Acoridium is not a wholly satisfactory differentiating character between it and § Platyclinis. It is not satisfactory because the lack of stelidia expresses a condition which is approached by well-defined species of Den- drochilum such as D. palawanense and because D. Merrillii in which the stelidia are absent from the column is in every other respect a well-marked species of Dendrochilum § Platyclinis. Furthermore, there is no habital distinction by which to separate the species of Acoridium from Den- drochilum. The linear leaf characteristic of D. tenellum, D. sphacelatum * Proof corrected by E. D. Merrill and C. B. Robinson. 89217 593 594 AMES. and D. luzonense passes into the broadly lanceolate leaves of D, Merrill through such species as D. graminifolium, D. tenwifolium, D. turpe and D. philippinense. he calli on the labellum of D. tenue, D. parvulum and D. venustilum are not characteristic of Acoridium as a whole and consequently are worthless in the consideration of generic segregation. After eliminating the characters which I have named there is nothing further, in my opinion, which may be reasonably regarded in an attempt to form a distinct genus with the species of § Acoridium. Through an unfortunate oversight on the part of Dr. Kranzlin, who completed the Coelogyninae for “Das Pflanzenreich,” left unfinished by Dr. Pfitzer, the titles on my plates of Dendrochilum species were over- looked. These plates were practically duplicates of the set prepared for Fascicle II of “Orchidaceae,” and were loaned to Dr. Kranzlin to facilitate his work on species which I had recently described. I believed that Dr. Kranzlin would understand from the legends on the plates that in my forthcoming volume Acoridiwm would be displaced by Dendrochilum. As it turned out Dr. Kriinzlin failed to observe the change in my work indicated by the plates and as a result an unlooked-for controversy ensued in which Dr. Kranzlin insisted? that the plates loaned to him were inscribed with the generic name Acoridium. Here again Dr. Kranzlin erred, as a subsequent examination proved the correctness of my assertion to the effect that the loaned plates were inscribed with the generic name Dendrochilum. Dr. Krinzlin’s work preceded mine, for which the plates were prepared, and consequently the changes in “Orchidaceae” Fasc. II, which were made at the end of the introduction were necessary. Dr. Krinzlin himself directed my attention to his unfortunate oversight. DENDROCHILUM Bl. D. (§ Acoridium) pulogense sp. nov. Pseudobulbi congregati, pyriformes, in sicco rugosi plus minus 1 cm longi, juniores vaginis subacutis mox in fibras solutis inclusi. Folia acuta vel obtusa, linearia, 2-7.5 cm longa, circa 2 mm lata. Petiolus pergracilis. Pedunculus gracilis, filiformis, 4-10 cm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae glumaceae, pedicellum brevem et ovarium multo excedentes. Inflorescentia laxiflora. Flores 6-10. Rhachis vix flexuosa. Sepala lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, 1-nervia, circa 3 mm longa plus minus 1 mm lata. Petala sepalis similia, ovata vel rotundata, valde acuminata, 1-nervia, 3 mm longa. Labellum 3-lobatum, lobi laterales membranacei semicrescentiformes, obtusi, lobus medius tridentatus. Calli 3, unus ad basim lobi lateralis utriusque, unus in medio partis saccatae labelli. Columna minuta, columnae Dendrochili tenelli. similis. This species is represented in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science by two collections, both of which were made by the same collectors on Mount Pulog. Orchis 2: 78. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, I. 595 No. 16342 was found at an altitude of 2,500 m, and according to the notes made by the collectors had flesh-colored flowers. The foliage of no. 16347 is very variable, (only one plant of no. 16342 was found), so much so that at first glance two distinct species appear to be mingled. Dendrochilum tenue (Ames) Pfitzer and D. parvulum (Ames) Pfitzer are very close affinities of D. pulogense. Mount Pulog, Province of Benguet, Luzon, January, 1909, For. Bur. 16347 (type), 16342 Ourran, Merritt & Zschokke. D. (§ Acoridium) auriculare sp. noy. Pseudobulbi congregati, longitudinaliter rugosi, subpyriformes, circa 2 cm longi, juniores vaginis subacutis mox in fibras solutis inclusi. Folium cum petiolo 1-2 dm longum. Lamina 6.5-13 cm longa, 1.5-2.7 em lata, oblongi-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta vel subobtusa. Petiolus gracilis, 1.7-6 cm longus. Pedunculus subfiliformis, multo folium excedens, plus minus 2 dm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae glumaceae, pedicellum brevem et ovarium multo excedentes. Flores in racemo laxo dispositi, albi. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, 3-nervia, 7 mm longa, 4 mm lata. Sepalum superius oblongum vel oblongi-ellipticum, 7 mm longum, 3.5 mm latum. Petala rotundato-elliptica vel rotundato-ovata, 6.5-7 mm longa, 4.5-5 mm lata, 3-nervia. Labellum 4.5 mm longum, 3-nervium, 3-lobatum ; lobus medius subreniformis, lateralibus major, 3.5 mm longus; lobi laterales auriculares, 1.5 mm longi, inter eos in disco labelli callus magnus. Columna sectionis, circa 2 mm longa. In general aspect Dendrochilum auriculare suggests D. Hutchinsonianum Ames, although analysis of the flowers shows clearly the differences between the two species. The lateral lobes of the labellum in D. Hutchinsonianum are distinctly linear-faleate, while in D. auriculare they are auriculate, much reduced in size and much shorter than the middle lobe (cf. Orchidaceae 2: 96, fig.). D. auriculare is one of the largest-flowered species of the Acoridium section. Province of Benguet, Luzon, December, 1908, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 5818 (type). Mount Ugo, Province of Benguet, December 17, 1908, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 5771, Collector’s note-——“The color of the flowers is nearly white.” D. venustulum (Ames) Pfitzer in Das Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 116. Mount Ugo, Province of Benguet, Luzon, December, 1908, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 5840. This species was originally described as Acoridium venustulum in the Proceedings of the Biological Seciety of Washington 19 (1906) 147 and later illustrated in Orchidaceae 2:88. It is apparently a rare species as tlie specimens gathered by Ramos are the only ones, with the exception of the type material, which have been collected for the Bureau of Science. D. philippinense (Ames) Pfitzer in Das Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 118. A very odd form of this species has come from the Lusod-Bayabas trail, Province of Benguet, Luzon, which appears to have smaller flowers than the type. At first I felt no little hesitation in identifying the plants as D. philip- pinense. As all the racemes examined exhibit the peculiarity referred to I have prepared the following description. Lateral sepals lanceolate, acuminate, acute, about 3.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide; upper sepal oblong, acute, 3 mm long, about 1 mm wide. Petals acute, 3 mm long, 1.75 mm wide. Labellum 3-lobed, the lateral lobes equaling the middle lobe, linear falcate, about 1 mm long, middle 596 AMES. lobe broader than the laterals, middle lobe oblong, rounded, acute at the apex, 1 mm long, 0.75 mm wide. At the base of each lateral lobe there is a minute rounded callus. Column typical of the section. The flowers are fleshy and most difficult to dissect as the sepals and petals break under very slight pressure. The labellum is thick and has a conduplicate middle lobe. No comments by the collectors have been made regarding the color of the flowers but, in dried specimens those near the base of the raceme are brownish with the labellum yellow, those near the apex yellow. Although the racemes appear to be perfectly normal, flowers have the appearance of keeping partly closed so that even the old ones look like buds. The texture of the flowers is extraordinary and unlike that of any other known species of the genus from the Philippine Islands. Province of Benguet, Luzon, December 16, 1908, altitude 2,000 m, For. Bur. 15763 Curran & Merritt. D. ocellatum (Ames) Pfitzer in Das Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 117. This species, the type of which is represented by a small plant in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science, has been again collected by Bacani. The flowers exhibit the same hyaline dots from which the specific name was derived. These dots are in the form of minute protuberances which give the sepals and petals a verruculose character. According to the collector’s notes the flowers are brown. In the top of a mango tree, Lusod, Province of Benguet, Luzon, December 14, 1908, For. Bur. 15908 Bacani. D. bicallosum Ames Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 117. This species was originally collected in Mindoro by Elmer D. Merrill at an altitude of about 950 m on Mount Halcon. On October 23, 1907, Curran and Merritt obtained material in Laguna Province, Luzon, which I unhesitatingly refer to D. bicallosum, The leaves of several of the specimens from Luzon are longer and broader than those of the Mount Halcon plants, in several being nearly 2 dm long and 5 cm wide. Otherwise there are no conspicuous dif- ferences although the plants from Luzon are more luxuriant, a character which may be accounted for by more favorable conditions for growth. Mount Maquiling, Laguna Province, Luzon, at an altitude of 550 m, in ridge forest; flowers brownish-yellow, October 23, 1907, For. Bur. 7797 Curran & Merritt. D. pumilum Reichb. f. Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222. Specimens which agree almost perfectly with the Cuming plant in the her- barium of the British Museum of Natural History numbered 2102, the number on which Reichenbach f. founded D. pumilum, have been collected in Laguna Province, Luzon, by Curran and Merritt. Dendrochilum pumilum is placed among the doubtful plants in the Pfitzer-Kriinzlin monograph in Engler’s “Pflanzenreich” without reference to the specimen of the type number in the British Museum. From my studies | have been unable to discover any sufficient reason for a total disregard of the evidence which this specimen furnishes. An interesting side- light on the subject is supplied by a single plant in the Gray Herbarium which was collected in the Philippines by the Wilkes Expedition. This plant is in- adequate for a sure diagnosis although it clearly belongs to Dendrochilum and is probably conspecific with D. tenue Pfitzer. In Reichenbach’s handwriting it has been referred with a query to Dendrochilum pumilum! Together with Reichenbach’s original description and the specimen in the British Museum, the NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, I. 097 specimen in the Gray Herbarium seems to me to be of very great interest and value. Mount Banajao, Laguna Province, Luzon, very common on trees, flowers yellowish-green, November 10, 1907, H. M. Curran and M. L. Merritt, Mor. Bur. §019 ; at an altitude of 2,000 m, November 10, 1907, Curran and Merritt, For. Bur, 8034; at an altitude of 1,400 m, November 10, 1907, Curran and Merritt, For. Bur. 8023, 8021. D. strictiforme (Ames) Pfitzer in Das Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 116. This species was first discovered by Elmer D. Merrill between Suyoe and Pauai in Benguet Province. The present specimen was collected in Laguna Proy- ince. Mount Banajao, Laguna Province, Luzon, at an altitude of 1,400 m, flowers white, November 1, 1907, H. M. Curran & M. L. Merritt, For. Bur. 8024. D. cinnabarinum Pfitzer in Das Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 104; Ames Orchida- ceae 2: vill; 3: 10; pl. 27, I, B, ob. This very interesting species of the Dendrochilum pumilum group has again been found. Messrs. Curran, Merritt and Zschokke collected specimens at an altitude of 2640 m, January 5, 1909, on Mount Pulog, Province of Benguet, Luzon, For. Bur. 16348. Until the rediscovery of the species D. cinnabarinum was only known through the specimens gathered in Benguet by A. Loher (no. 461). CESTICHIS Prfitzer. C. nutans sp. noy. Pseudobulbi 3 em longi, pyriformes. Folia oblonga, acuta, 3 dm longa, Nv 9 Vv 2-3 cm lata. Sepala 7 mm longa, 3 mm lata. Petala linearia, 7 mm longa, 0.5 mm Jata. Labellum cuneato-flabellatum, 8 mm longum, prope apicem 8 mm latum, callo ad basim. Columna arcuata, 6 mm longa. C. nutans is a robust species, allied to C. Merrill, with oblong acute leaves which are considerably longer than the winged scape. The raceme is slender and nutant. The flowers according to the collector’s notes are brick-red. The labellum is cuneate-flabellate in outline, 2 mm wide at the base, and near the point of union with the column very fleshy, and somewhat channelled. Camp Keithley, Lake Lanao, Mindanao, May 1907, Mary Strong Clemens s. n.: Province of Surigao, April 6, 1906, F. H. Bolster 289. Here also belongs the plant collected on Mount Victoria, Island of Palawan, in March, 1906, by F. W. Foxworthy, Bur. Sci. 638. ANGRAECUM Thou. A. philippinense Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 336; Orchidaceae 2: 246; 3: 69, pl. 50. This species which was originally collected on Mount Halcon by E. D. Merrill, has been found at Imogen, Province Nueva Viseaya, Luzon, where H. M. Curran collected specimens on December 22, 1908, For. Bur. 10860. The flowers of the plant collected by Curran have spurs or nectaries about 10 em long. A com- parison between the plants from Luzon and those from Mindoro clearly proves that the spur of the type was not fully developed on the date of collection. This statement is sufficient to account for the discrepancy between the measure- ments given above and those published in the original description. It is a well established fact that the spurs in orchids increase in length as the flowers 598 AMES. develop. This characteristic is frequently misleading and not unlikely to cause confusion. The leaves of the specimens from Luzon measure 6.5 cm in length and 1.5 em in width. The collector’s notes state that the plants were found at an altitude of 1,400 m and that the flowers are white and fragrant and very ornamental. DENDROBIUM §&w. D. hymenanthum Reichb. f. in Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae 6: 302. This very rare species which was among the novelties secured by H. Cuming (no. 2135) in the Philippine Islands has been twice collected by the botanists of the Bureau of Science. It is closely related to Dendrobium Micholitzti Rolfe (ef. Ames Orchidaceae 1: 41, pl. 11). The stems are yellow, about 8 cm long, quadrangular, very slender, bifoliate at the summit, with the oblong-elliptic leaves 2-3.5 em long, 8 mm wide. The flowers, which are borne at the summit of the stem, are fragrant; the mentum is tinged with “purple” outside. Pedicels slender, subfiliform, about 2 cm long. Lateral sepals triangular, acute, prolonged into a stout, curved, obtuse mentum; from tip of sepals to tip of mentum 16 mm long. Upper sepal lanceolate, 7 mm long. Petals similar to the upper sepal, but narrower, 5 mm long. Labellum about 2 cm long, somewhat oblan- ceolate, dilating gradually from the cuneate base to the rounded, 7 mm wide apex; near the apex is a small crest of short, yellowish hairs. The director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew has very kindly compared my material with the Cuming specimen preserved in the Kew Herbarium and has assured me that the specimens collected by Ramos are conspecific with the Cuming plant. Montalban, Province of Rizal, Luzon, W. Schultze, May, 1908, Bur. Sci. 5610; Maximo Ramos, July 29, 1907, Bur. Sci. 3035. According to Ramos the flowers last a very short time. Note.—From an excellent photograph which accompanies the plants collected by Ramos it appears that the flowers are produced singly at the summit of the stem. D. epidendropsis Kriinzlin in Orchis 2 (1908) 79, fig. The material which I have identified as D. epidendropsis was collected by W. S. Lyon (no. 118). Although a native of the Philippine Islands the exact locality from which Mr. Lyon’s plant came is not known. Mr. Lyon flowered it in his garden in November, 1908. He described the flowers as greenish-yellow, coriaceous in texture, wax-like, and both within and without glossy as if varnished. A single leaf, and what appears to be an undersized stem and three flowers constitute the specimen at hand. The leaf is oblong-lanceolate, 7 em long, 1.5 em wide, subcoriaceous. The stem is fusiform, clothed with several scarious sheaths, at the summit is a short raceme, 2 em long, which bears three 3 em long flowers. The flowers are conspicuous because of the long subfaleate mentum which is 2 em long and about 3 mm in diameter. In the herbarium of the Bureau of Science there are three specimens which agree with my interpretation of Dendrobium epidendropsis. Two of these were collected on Mount Mariveles, Province of Bataan. The third specimen was taken in the Province of Rizal. Lamao River, Mount Mariveles, Province of Bataan, Luzon, growing on trees on exposed ridges, at an altitude of 900 m, flower odorless, lip bright, pale-green, petals pale-green with 3 or 4 brown stripes from base to tip, December 10, 1904, T. E. Borden, For. Bur. 2109; near same locality, on trees, flowers yellow with | NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, I. 599 a tinge of red, November, 1904, A. D. H. Elmer 6839; Province of Rizal, Luzon, November 23, 1907, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 3060. Notrr.—The specimens collected by Elmer and Borden have stems up to 2 dm long and narrowly lanceolate leaves, 1.3 dm long, 1-1.9 em wide. The flowers of the specimen collected by Elmer are, in a dried state, strongly tinged with purple and resemble large flowers of Dendrobium secundum. The racemes on all the specimens examined appear to have been few-flowered. D. Dearei Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 52 (1882) 361. Minporo, January, 1908, For. Bur. 8525 Merritt. D. (§ Aporum) Merrillii Ames Orchidaceae 2: 181, fig. In Orehis 2: 96, Dr. Kriinzlin in a review of “Orchidaceae Fase. II,” criticises rather severely my description of Dendrobium Merrillii and suggests that to me the genus Dendrobiwm is a seven-sealed book. His reason for this unkind remark is based on the words “Folia . . . conduplicata, explanata 14 mm lata.” By these words he understands that D. Merrillii is a species with broad leaves and con- sequently inadmissible as a member of § Aporwm. Unfortunately the word ‘ex- planata” is misleading, although it was intended to indicate that the leaves if spread out would then measure 14 mm in width. As a matter of fact the leaves are characteristic of § Aporwm and resemble the leaves of such species as D. atropurpureum Miq. and D. sagittatum J. J. Smith. In his criticism Dr. Kriinzlin has quoted from my description and has omitted the word “conduplicata” which I thought was a sufficient offset to the problematical condition expressed by “ex- planata.” The leaves of D. Merrillii are in reality equitant and in the type measure 7 mm across in the vertical direction of the stem. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. B. bataanense Ames Orchidaceae 1: 96. Among living plants sent from Mount Mariveles this species bloomed in May, 1909, in my greenhouse. The flowers are yellowish, faintly tinged with purple and conspicuously nerved with pale-green. The sepals, especially the upper one, are sprinkled with fine purple dots. The labellum is similarly marked with the addition of a bright yellow spot at the base of the cordate apical portion. The original description of this species was prepared from dried material, consequently the color of the flowers could not be given accurately. Mount Mariveles, Province of Bataan, Luzon, Elmer D. Merrill, 1905. PHALAENOPSIS BI. P. Lindenii Loher in Journ. des Orch. 6 (1895) 103. Among the orchids collected by W. 8S. Lyon is a specimen of Phalaenopsis which is surely conspecific with P. Lindenii. It agrees in every detail with the description published in “Le Journal des Orchidées.” P. Lindenii is described as resembling P. Schilleriana in its foliage and as having flowers which suggest those of P. rosea (P. equestris). Mr. R. A. Rolfe has suggested that Mr. Loher’s species may be a natural hybrid resulting from a cross between P. Schilleriana and P. rosea which would give P. Veitchiana Reichb. f. The specimen at hand is not at all in agreement with P. Veitchiana as figured and described in horticultural literature. The flowers are about 2.5 em in diameter and the apical lobe of the labellum is rotund apiculate, 1 em long by 8 mm wide. The lateral lobes are oblong, obtuse, somewhat dilated at the apex, about 7 mm long, the fleshy callus between the lateral lobes is disc-shaped when spread out. The lateral sepals are somewhat ovate-faleate, 13 mm long, 7 mm wide, The petals are spathulate, obtuse, 16 mm long, 6 mm wide. 600 AMES. Mr. Lyon says that the flowers are very persistent. According to his notes the anterior surface of the column and the lip are rich-purple, otherwise the perianth is light-rosy-purple, each segment marked with seven well defined lines, those on the lip continuous or uninterrupted, those on the sepals and petals. broken or formed by dots. The leaves are mottled gray and green and are almost identically like those of Phalaenopsis Schilleriana in coloration. In addition to Mr. Lyon’s specimen I have studied three others from the Philip- pines which I do not hesitate to refer to P. Lindenti. Two of these are in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science, the third in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. All of these were collected in Benguet Province, Luzon. The specimen in the New York Botanical Garden collection has larger flowers than the others, these being about 3 cm across, with the rotund apical lobe of the lip about 1.3 em long by 1.2 em wide. The tip of the lip is in no way divided and is not at all in agreement with the lip of P. Veitchiana as represented in plate 213 of the Floral Magazine. Until more material has been studied it seems best to adopt Mr. Loher’s name for this Phalaenopsis. The specimens in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science have a branched inflorescence not unlike that of Jonopsis utricularioides Lindl. in general aspect, although much stouter. In Orchis (1: 82, fig. 37) this species has been very fully illustrated. The analysis of the flowers is very detailed. Baguio, Province of Benguet, Luzon, August 24, 1906, H. M. Curran, for, Bur. 5121, 5122, flowers light-pink and white; October 21, 1904, R. S. Williams (no. 1947 bis) in hb. New York Botanical Garden; W. 8. Lyon (no. 39). Note: Mr. Lyon says the plant is called P. Lindenii at Manila. AERIDES Lour. A. Lawrenceae Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. N. 8S. 20 (1883) 640, 307, 368. In Orchidaceae 2: 249, I listed this species, basing my conclusions on a specimen collected by the Rey. R. F. Black in Mindanao. This specimen was fragmentary and my identification was in a way provisional. Another specimen has come to hand from W. 8. Lyon which is undoubtedly A. Lawrenceae. The flowers are large, about 2.5 cm in diameter and very ornamental. Unfortunately Mr. Lyon forgot the exact locality from which he obtained his specimens which flowered in his garden at Manila. Philippine Islands, W. 8. Lyon 20. HABENARIA Willd. H. Leibergii Ames Orchidaceae 2: 34, fig. This species has been collected in Rizal Province by D. LeRoy Topping who found specimens in July, 1908. The type was discovered by J. B. Leiberg on Mount Mariveles in 1904. One of the specimens found by Topping shows an interesting variation from the type in its larger leaves which measure nearly 1 dm in length and 4-5 em in width. On this luxuriant form the flowers are in a dense raceme, about 20 in number. Montalban, Rizal Province, Luzon, July, 1908, Bur. Sci. 5226 Topping. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, Il By Oakes Ames, A. M., F.iL..5. Director of the Botanic Garden of Harvard University (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. S. A.) REPRINTED. FROM THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE ‘Published by the Bureau of Science of the Philippine Government, Manila, P. I. Voi. IV, No. 6, Section’ C,:Botany, DecEMBER, 1909 MANILA BUREAU OF PRINTING 1909 91263 Order No. 406, THE HISTORY OF SULU. By Nagers M. SALEEBY. 275 pages. A complete History of the Moro People in Sulu, with maps and many translations from the original documents. Price $0.75, United States currency. Order No. 407. THE BATAN DIALECT AS A MEMBER OF THE PHILIPPINE GROUP | OF LANGUAGES. By Orro SCHEERER. AND “F” AND “V” IN PHILIPPINE LANGUAGES. — By Carios Everett Conant. 141 pages Price $0.80, United States currency. Order No, 402, NEGRITOS OF ZAMBALES. By Wiii1am ALLAN REED. 62 photographic illustrations. 91 pages. An interesting ethnological study of the pygmy blacks of Zambales. Price $0.25, United States currency. Any of the above-announced publications may be ordered from the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science, Manila, P. I., or from any of the agents listed on the cover of this Journal. Please give order number. THE: PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE C. BOTANY Vou. IV DECEMBER, 1909 No. 6 NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF. NEW. SPEGIES,_ Il.’ By OAKES AMES. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. 8. A.) In the following notes I have arranged the genera according to the system adopted by Pfitzer in Engler and Prantl’s “Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” The species included were, with few exceptions, collected for the Bureau of Science. Im all thirty-one species are treated of which twenty-two are additions to my previously published lists of Philippine orchids. j EPIPACTIS Boehmer. Epipactis clausa A. A. Eaton ex Ames Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 41, pl. 38. In addition to the solitary specimen which constitutes the type, preserved in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science, I have now seen two sets of specimens which make possible the following emendations of the description published in Fascicle III of “Orchidaceae”: Lateral sepals broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4 mm long. Upper sepal similar to the laterals and nearly equal to them, strongly reflexed 9 at the tip. Petals dolabriform, 4 mm long. Labellum 2.5 to 36 mm long, saccate, somewhat cymbiform, obtuse, with unequal clavate hairs or emergences inside. The plants exceed 2 dm in height and arise from a creeping, fleshy rhizome. The leaves, about four in number, 4 em apart, on the succulent stem, appear to have been dark-green when fresh, ornamented with whitish nerves. The margins of the leaves in dried specimens are usually strongly crenulate and in fresh Proof corrected by E. D. Merrill and C. B. Robinson. 665 91262 664 AMES. material it is highly probable that this character is a peculiarity of the species. When the plants mature their fruit, the racemes enlarge in diameter and the slender raceme represented in “Orchidaceae” Fase. III is hardly characteristic. Notes made by the collectors indicate that the flowers are white. According to Mr. Eaton’s notes, 2. clausa is nearly related to E. pusilla, from which it differs in its broader petals and deeply cymbiform but not saccate labellum. Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4591, October 29, 1905, terrestrial in the mossy forest at an altitude of about 2,200 m: Province of Benguet, Mount Santo Tomas, R. 8. Williams 1922, October 30, 1904. The specimens gathered by Williams are in fruit, and are preserved in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. Epipactis rubicunda (Bl.) A. A. Eaton in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21 (1908) 65. . Of this species there are two specimens in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science which A. A. Eaton identified as H. rubicunda. In accordance with the rules of priority and in conformity with the articles of the Vienna code governing nomenclature, Eaton referred to the genus Epipactis all the species formerly grouped under Goodyera, asserting that the name EHpipactis appears to have been first used by Boehmer in the third edition of Ludwig’s ‘“Definitiones Generum Plantarum.” Although Boehmer published no binomial combination he gave several references to the plant designated by Linnaeus as Satyrium repens, now generally known as (ioodyera repens R. Br. or Peramium repens Salisb. The specimens of Epipactis rubicunda already referred to are showy plants with elliptic, acuminate leaves nearly 1.5 dm long and with channeled petioles, 3 to 6.5 cm long, which clasp the stems. The inflorescence is rather densely many-flowered, 1.8 to 3 dm long. The pubescent flowers are about 8 mm long, nearly exceeded by the narrowly lanceolate, pubescent, acute floral bracts. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., September, October, 1906. Luzon, Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6049 Robinson, March 5-11, 1908. For a detailed account of Eaton’s reasons for taking up the name Hpipactis for the species formerly referred to Goodyera, his paper cited above should be con- sulted. The species formerly included in Epipactis are placed by Eaton in Serapias. COELOGYNE Lindl. Coelogyne Rochussenii De Vriese Illustr. Orchid. Indes Oriental. (1854) Ee es a ay a This species is represented in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science by a single specimen. The leaf is broadly lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate, conspic- uously nerved. The lamina is 2.56 dm long, 11 em wide; the slender petiole exceeds 5 cm in length. The flowers are produced in elongated, flexuose racemes. A searious elliptic bract, 1.8 em long, subtends each flower. The sepals and petals are narrowly lanceolate, about 2.5 cm long. The labellum up to the base of the middle lobe is provided with three denticulate carine, and beyond the base of the middle lobe two additional, abbreviated carinew anise. The middle lobe is acuminate. Although C. Rochussenii is referred to the § Tomentosae in Pfitzer’s mono- graph of the Coelogyninae, the material at hand is sparsely furfuraceous and, with the exception of the ovaries, nearly smooth. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, II. 665 Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., September, 1907. Flowers yellowish, hillside forests. This species has not hitherto been reported from the Philippines. Coelogyne integerrima sp. nov. Aff. C. cinnamomeae. Pseudobulbi plus minus 6 cm longi, ovoidei, diphylii. J’olia lanceolata, acuminata, valde 3- ad 5-nervia, plus minus 2 dm longa, circa 3.5 cm lata. Pedunculus erectus plus minus 30 cm longus. Racemus laxus, bracteis jam dejectis. Sepala lateralia carinata, Or lanceolata, acuta, 2.5 em longa, 9 mm lata. Sepalwm dorsale simile. Petala linearia, acuta, 3-nervia, 2.5 em longa, 5 ‘mm lata. Labellwm integerrimum, oblanceolatum, acuminatum, 2.4 cm longum, 1 cm Jatum, : prope apicem 1n disco carinae 3. Coelogyne integerrima belongs to the § Carinatae and appears to be closely allied to C. cinnamomea, from which it differs in its larger flowers and entire labellum. The leaves are much broader in relation to their length than those of C. cinnamomea. The labellum is entire, without lobes. The keels on the dise are smooth and extend from the base to the tip, the lateral ones being more prominent near the middle. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Merrill 6350, May, 1909, in the lower mossy: forest, altitude about 2,200 m. Flowers greenish-yellow. PHOLIDOTA Lindl. Pholidota ventricosa (Bl.) Reichb. f. in Bonplandia 5 (1857) 45. Dr. Kriinzlin has described Pholidota sesquitorta, a species which is very close to P. ventricosa. J. J. Smith considers them conspecific. In the key to the species of Hupholidota in Engler’s “Pflanzenreich,” P. ventricosa is distinguished from P. sesquitorta by means of the floral bracts, which exceed the flowers in the former, and in the latter are usually shorter than the flowers. The material which I refer to P. ventricosa, including the specimen cited in “Orchidaceae” Fasc. LI, has floral bracts which are about equal to the flowers. The key in “Das Pflanzen- reich” distinguishes the bracts of P. ventricosa by their tips; these being obtuse. In my material the bracts are acute. The description of P. ventricosa, in “Das Pflanzenreich” .however, says “acutae.” The type of Pholidota ventricosa in the Leiden Herbarium lacks flowers, so that it is quite difficult to tell much about it except for the analysis published by Blume in his “Tabellen.” On the type only the leaves and a naked peduncle remain. On the same sheet with the type a good specimen is mounted which J. J. Smith has identified as P. ventricosa. The material I have studied agrees very well with this specimen. Until the status of P. sesquitorta is finally established, I am of the opinion that the Philippine material should be referred to P. ventricosa. Luzon, District of Lepanto, For. Bur. 5715 Klemme, October, November, 1906. MinpAnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., February, 1907. DENDROCHILUM Blume. Dendrochilum anfractoides Ames Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 13, pl. 28. Another specimen of this rare species has come to hand which exhibits all the characters that were referred to in the original description as of value in separating it from Dendrochilum anfractum. The middle lobe of the labellum is conspicuously tridentate, the lateral teeth being fleshy and almost like marginal 666 AMES. calli at the base of the membranaceous deflexed middle tooth. The lateral lobes are setaceous, and, when in their normal position, strongly curved upward at the tip. The calli at the base of the labellum are peculiar in that they are linear and curved, not like papillae. The leaves in the present specimen are scarcely 4 cm long and about equal in length to the naked part of the peduncle. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4312a Mearns, July, 1907. CESTICHIS Thou. Cestichis Clemensiae sp. nov. Aff. C. vestitae Ames. Planta parvula, erecta. Caules 3 ad 6 cm alti. Folia 2, oblonga, obtusa, 5.8 cm longa, circa 1 cm lata, coriacea, rigida. Racemus circa 8 cm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineari-lanceolatae, acutae, pedicellis breviores. Sepala lateralia oblonga vel elliptica, obtusa, 2 mm longa. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala linearia, 2 mm longa. Labellum \anceolatum, 2 mm longum, ad apicem valde retusum vel biden- tatum. Columna arcuata. C. Clemensiae appears to be a near aflinity of C. vestita which is a more robust species with much larger leaves and flowers. It is also closely related to Liparis confusa J. J. Smith, from which it is readily distinguished by its smaller stems and leaves and by its smaller flowers. The lips of C. vestita, Liparis confusa, and (. Clemensiae are very similar. ‘These species are most easily recognized by the differences in their vegetative parts. It may be that they represent forms of a polymorphic species, but until more material has been studied with this suggestion in mind they should be regarded as distinct from one another. I have seen six plants of C. Clemensiae. Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 129, February, 1906. OBERONIA Lindl. Oberonia aporophylla Reichb. f. Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223. In my second list of the orchids collected in the Philippines for the Bureau of Science this species was included. The material on which determination was attempted consisted of fruiting specimens. Since the publication of Fascicle II of “Orchidaceae” more material has come to hand in which the flowers are in excellent condition for study. The labellum, petals, and sepals agree perfectly with the sketch of a flower of O. aporophylla in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew, and the habit of the plant is like that of the material, numbered 2113, collected in the Philippines by Cuming. 0. aporophylla is a slender caulescent species about 2 dm tall with from 10 to 20, triangular, acute, obliquely ascending leaves which are about 2 em long. The leafy stem terminates in a slender, rather loosely flowered, spicate raceme about 1 dm long. The labellum is subpandurate, emarginate, somewhat auriculate on each side at base, 1.5 mm long, the terminal portion is finely toothed. ‘The petals are linear. Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 699, September, October, 1906. POLYSTACHYA Lindl. Polystachya luteola Hooker Exotic Flora 2: ¢. 103. I have seen a single plant of this species from Mindanao. In every detail its vegetative and floral parts agree with specimens in my herbarium from Florida, U. 8S. A., and from Cuba. Flowers from a plant collected near Miami, Florida, when moistened in water and laid beside flowers from the Philippines resembled them so closely that it was quite impossible to distinguish between them by any NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, II. 667 evident characteristic. The neuration, the form of the sepals and petals, and the outline of the labellum proved similar in both. MiInDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., Septem- ber, October, 1907. PODOCHILUS Blume. Podochilus Clemensiae sp. nov. Planta 4 dm alta vel etiam altior, gracilis. Jolia linearia, disticha, 4 ad 6 em longa, 4 ad 6 mm lata, obtusa, ad apicem inaequaliter bilobata cuspidata. Flores circa 20, distichi, in racemis laxis ex axillis foliorum emergentibus. Racemus 2.5 ad 3 cm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acutae, ovariis breviores, 2 mm longae. Sepala lateralia ovata, acuta vel subobtusa, 3 ad 3.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum, lateralibus brevius. Pectala oblonga, obtusa vel subtruncata, circa 2 mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellum cuneatum, obtusum, 2 mm longum. Columna brevissima. Podochilus Clemensiae is a slender, extremely graceful species which sug- gests P. pendulus in habit, although the leaves are narrower in relation to their length than those of P. pendulus and longer than the racemes. The labellum resembles that of P. lancifolius, but is entire, and the membrane at the base which forms a poeket or cup is very strongly developed and extends nearly to the middle of the labellum. Although the racemes are prevailingly axillary, they are sometimes, perhaps frequently, terminal. The material at hand is very copiously flowered. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., September, 1907. Podochilus crotalinus sp. noy. Glaberrimus, erectus (?), circa 3 dm altus, pluricaulis ; folvis distichis, lineari-oblongis, ad vaginam articulatis, bilobulatis, nervo intermedio in apiculum setiforme minutum producto, basi vix attenuatis, 1 ad 2 cm longis, medio 3 ad 5 mm latis; spica terminale, disticha, multiflora, 2.5 em longa; bracteis lanceolato-ellipticis, 8 ad 10 mm longis, flores plus minusve excedentibus; sepalis lateralibus valde obliquis, acuminatis, trinerviis, 6 mm longis; sepalo intermedio ovato; petalis lineari-oblongis obtusis, sepalis paulo brevioribus; /abello 5 mm longo, circuito oblongo supra medio dilatato obscure trilobato. In the specimens examined the flowers are old and badly shrivelled so that the form of the labellum is difficult to observe. The basal half is almost rotund, slightly concave, the apical half is subflabelliform and apparently truncate. Near the point of origin of the apical lobe or half there are two thickened lines. The extreme base of the lip resembles that of P. distichus Schlechter. The floral bracts, which are searious and so arranged as to resemble the rattles of Crotalus horridus, are elliptic-lanceolate or ovate, about 6 mm wide near the base and at the apex subobtuse, searcely acute, and obscurely, if at all, cuspidate. The distichous inflorescence is from 1.8 to 2 em wide in its greatest diameter. The nearest affinity of P. crotalinus is P. distichus Schlechter. The form of the inflorescence, however, and the very broad floral bracts are differentiating characters. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., November, 1906. 668 AMES. Podochilus Cumingii. Schlechter in Fedde’s Repertorium 3 (1907) 19. I refer here specimens gathered in Mindanao and Luzon. The mentum formed by the lateral sepals is deeply saccate. The labellum is lanceolate and at the base where it joins the slender claw produced into a subquadrate appendage. This appendage is truncate and not at all emarginate or bifid. Hooker’s description of P. microphyllus Lindl. in the “Flora of British India” agrees in detail with my material except for the height of the plants which in Hooker’s material is greater than in mine. Schlechter refers the species described by Hooker to P. sciuroides.. P. sciuroides appears to be closely related to P. Cumingii. In his monograph of the Podochilinae Schlechter describes the labellum of P. Cumingii as 5-nerved. My material has the labellum 3-nerved with the lateral nerves branched. Schlechter describes the labellum of P. sciwroides as 3-nerved with the laterals branched. P. sciuroides is a taller species than P. Cumingii. In the specimens from Mindanao the stems are rarely more than 1 dm long. For the present it seems best to adopt for the Philippine species the name proposed by Schlechter. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., Sep- tember, 1907. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Copeland s. n., November 23, 1907, in moss on trees, flowers white; Bur. Sci. 1678 Poxworthy, October 17, 1906: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, Merrill 4260, September 15, 1905, epiphyte on mossy trees at an altitude of 820 m. Although the flowers are described as white by the collectors, they appear, when dried, to have been tinged with purple. Schlechter, in his monograph, does not use the name P. -Cumingii. In the “Repertorium” 1. c., however, he asserts that the Philippine plant referred to P. Zollingeri in his monograph constitutes a new species for which he proposes the name P. Cumingit. Podochilus plumosus sp. nov. Planta parvula, glabra, plumosa, simplex. Folia disticha, linearia, circa 1 cm longa, 1 mm lata, acuta, approximata. Flores terminales et laterales. Pedunculus folio brevior. Bracteae inflorescentiae imbricatae. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, 1-nervia, circa 3 mm longa. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum, acutum, 1-nervium. Petala oblanceolata vel elliptica, subacuta vel obtusa, 1-nervia, 2 mm longa, 1 mm lata. La- 5 bellum rhombicum, ad basim sagittatum, 3 mm longum, 2 mm latum. Rostellum quadridentatum. Capsula 6 mm longa. P. plumosus is a graceful species, the leafy stems of which have the appearance of feathers and suggest the leaves of Taxodiwm distichum. The flowers are produced singly on short peduncles which are almost completely hidden by scarious imbricating bracts. The labellum is rhombic above the sagittate base and hardly acute at the apex. P. plumosus belongs doubtfully to § Apista. Doubtfully, be- cause according to Schlechter’s remarks § Apista is always characterized by. havy- ing the inflorescence terminal. Our species is hardly a member of § Appendicula and probably forms a transition between it and § Apista, having all the characters of the latter group and in addition a lateral as well as a terminal inflorescence. From P. Cumingti, P. plumosus is readily distinguished by the more slender, longer leaves and by the very different inflorescence, as well as by the position _ of the flowers. Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, ‘Bur. Sci. 4763 Ramos, Decem- ber, 1907, Bur. Sct. 3986 Curran (flowered in orchid house, Manila, March, 1908) : Province of Tayabas (Infanta), Whitford 803, September 11, 1904, on rocks and trees along the Tinuan River, altitude about 80 m. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, II. 669 Podochilus strictus sp. nov. Caules 1 ad 2 dm alti. Folia disticha, linearia, apiculata, 11 mm longa, circa 1 mm lata. Pedunculus terminalis. Racemus usque 5 ad 10mm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acutae, 1 mm longae. Flores 2.5 ad 3 mm longi. Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, subacutum, concavum, 1-nervium, usque ad 3 mm longum. Sepala lateralia ovato- lanceolata, acuta. Petala lanceolata, 1-nervia, obtusa, circa 2.5 mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellum supra medium circa 1 mm latum, breviter unguiculatum, subquadratum, 3-nervium, obtusum, prope basim sagit- tatum vel auriculatum. Rostellum bipartitum. Podochilus strictus is a slender species which appears to be very near P. microphyllus Lindl. and P. bicaudatus Schlechter. The racemes, which are clothed at the base with several imbricating scarious bracts, are comparatively many- flowered, with rigid, distichous, cymbiform floral bracts. In dried specimens, the leaves, which are directed obliquely upwards, are sometimes twisted and consequently give the plant a very strict appearance. Near the summit of the stems, lateral growths arise which produce roots at the point of origin. I have not seen the type specimen of Podochilus bicaudatus but according to Schlechter’s description that species differs from P. strictus in its shorter leaves, smaller, fewer flowers and shorter racemes. Podochilus acicularis Hooker f., which Schlechter refers to P. tenwis, is similar to P. strictus, but has a very different lip from that species and a very different habit (cf. Hooker’s “Icones Plantarum” pl. 2147). Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Bur. Sci. 3002 Mrs. Lyon (specimen flowering in orchid house, Manila, January, 1906), Mrs. Clemens 132: District of Zamboanga, lor. Bur. 9193 Whitford & Hutchinson, December 12, 1907. Podochilus bicaudatus Schlechter in Fedde’s Repertorium 3 (1907) 19. In the herbarium of the Bureau of Science there is a single specimen collected by Elmer D. Merrill in February, 1903, on the Island of Paragua which may prove to be conspecific with Podochilus bicaudatus. Unfortunately only one flower was preserved on this specimen and that one, imperfect to begin with, was destroyed by dissection. The leaves are 5 mm long, twisted when dry, linear, acuminate. They agree perfectly with Schlechter’s description in Fedde’s “Repertorium.” In general habit the plant resembles P. tenwis as illustrated in Hooker’s “Iecones Plantarum” (pl. 2147) but is not so stout nor so tall. The labellum is oblong, obtuse, sagittate at base, and measures 2 mm in length. The specimen collected by Merrill is numbered 775. AGROSTOPHYLLUM Blume. Agrostophylilum philippinense sp. nov. Aff. A. papuano Schltr. et A. formosano Rolfe. Habitu simile A. majort Hook. f. Caules aliquid compressi. Planta 5 dm.alta. Folva disticha oblongi-lanceolata, obtusa, plus minus 1.5 dm longa, prope basim plus minus 2.5 em lata. IJnjlorescentia capitata, circa 4 cm lata, densa. Sepala lateralia 3-nervia, oblonga, acuta, 5 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Se- palum dorsale valde concavum, 4 mm longum. Petala ovata, subacuta, 4 mm longa, 2mm lata. Labellum 4.5 mm longum, ad basim concayum 670 AMES. vel yentricoso-saccatum, antice in lamella cordiformi instructum. Co- lumna clavata, 4 mm longa. Agrostophyllum philippinense is perplexingly near A. majus Hook. f., but differs from it among other characters in its petals and longer leaves. It is also near A. papuanum Schlechter, but has the leaves longer in relation to their width, and larger heads of flowers. According to Mr. Rolfe’s description in the “Annals of Botany” 9: 157, it must be closely allied to A. formosanum. The labellum resembles closely that of A. majus but the epichil is cordate. J. J. Smith refers A. majus to A. longifolium Reichb. f. In my herbarium there is an excellent photograph of a specimen preserved in the herbarium at Leiden which is labeled Appendicula longifolia Bl. This specimen has narrower, longer leaves and a smaller inflorescence than my Philippine specimens. Further study may show that Agrostophyllum philippinense is merely a form of A. majus, and that both should be referred to the older A. longifolium. For the present, however, I believe that the Philippine species should be regarded as distinct from A. majus and A. longifolium. é Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, For. Bur. 1900 Borden, Septem- ber 16, 1904, on trees, rocky mountain ridge, altitude about 1,000 m, “corolla cream-white, lip whiter, no odor:” Province of Rizal, Mount Batay, Loher 6020 (specimen flowering in Manila). CERATOSTYLIS Blume. Ceratostylis rubra sp. nov. Aff. C. grandiflorae J. J. Smith. Planta robusta. Caulis ramosus plus minus 4 dm longus, bracteis chartaceis, imbricatis, arcte vaginan- tibus, dense vestitus. Folia coriacea, rigida, linearia, ad apicem bilobata, plus minus 1 dm longa, circa 5 mm lata. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lan- ceolata, acuta, 7-nervia, membranacea, mentum obtusum formantia, ad basim cohaerentia, 2 cm longa, 4 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, 1.7 em longum, circa 5 mm latum. Pelala oblanceolata, subacuta, 7- nervia, 1.9 mm longa, prope apicem 4.5 mm lata. Jabellum lanceolatum, acuminatum, 3-nervium, 8 mm longum. Gynostemiwm 5 mm longum, brachiis magnis, rotundatis. Ceratostylis rubra is perhaps most nearly allied to C. grandiflora J. J. Smith. From that species it differs in the form of the leaves, in its labellum, which is lanceolate-acuminate or acuminate from a rounded base, and in the nerves of the sepals and petals. For the genus the flowers are extraordinarily large and according to the collectors’ notes and dried specimens are red. In a photograph of living specimens cultivated at Manila the leaves appear to be thick, fleshy, recurved, and on the upper surface strongly channeled. When alive the perianth- organs are spreading and in the center of the flower the characteristic column is erect and very conspicuous. The flowers arise from among large, reticulated bracts. These bracts when dry are rufous and prominently veined. I have not seen Ceratostylis retisquama Reichb. f., which was based on No. 2152 of Cuming’s Philippine plants. This species is very inadequately described in “Bonplandia” 5: 53. The specific name of Reichenbach’s plant might easily apply to the species in hand. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 3042 Ramos, August 19, 1907: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 3070 Foxworthy, “flowers red with white center.” Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Bur. Sci. 3046, 3072 Mrs. Cle- mens (specimens flowering in Manila): without locality, W. S. Lyon 36. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, I. 67] Ceratostylis latipetala sp. nov. Aff. C. rubrae, speciei quam habitu et structura haec species conspicue simulat. Planta robusta. Caalis ramosus. ITolia coriacea, rigida, li- nearia, 9 ad 15 cm longa, 5 ad 10 mm lata. WSepala lateralia ovata vel ovato-oblonga, obtusa, 9-nervia, 1.8 cm longa, 6.5 mm lata, mentum obtusum formantia. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, obtusum, 1.5 cm longum, 6 mm latum. Petala cuneato-ovata, ad apicem rotundata, 1.5 ad 1.8 cm longa, 8 ad 9 mm lata. Labellum minutum, unguiculatum, subhastatum vel suborbiculare, acuminatum, obtusum, 3-nervium, 2.25 ad 3 mm longum, lamellis 2 intramarginalibus; wngwis circa 2 mm longus. Gynostemium brachiis magnis, rotundatis. In habit Ceratostylis latipetala is almost indistinguishable from (©. rubra. In its flowers, however, it exhibits unmistakable differences from that species. The labellum alone will serve as a constant differentiating character. This organ is concealed in the sae formed by the coherent lateral sepals. From studies of several flowers the labellum appears to vary to a large extent in the nature of the calli. Sometimes they are very conspicuous, at other times difficult to observe. As in ©. rubra so in C. latipetala the peduncles of the flowers are invested with a series of nervose bracts, the outer one forming a closely appressed sheath which reaches to the base of the perianth. The ovary is always concealed in the bracts. The flowers are described as orange-red. The petals are very characteristic of this species and are the broadest yet recorded for the genus. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 4661 Mearns & Hutchinson, May, 1906; altitude about 1,400 m. PHAIUS Lour. Phaius grandifolius Lour. Fl. Cochinchinensis (1790) 529. I have seen of this species two specimens which were collected in Mindanao. Along roadsides not far from Malabang, Province of Cotabato, Mindanao, Novem- ber, 1906, Mary Strong Clemens 815. EULOPHIA R. Br. Eulophia squalida Lindley Bot. Reg. (1841) Mise. 77. I refer to this species specimens from Luzon. The plants bear two flower- shoots between which the leaves arise after the flowers are expanded. The sepals are very fleshy, the lateral ones oblong, acute, strongly falcate, about 2 em long. The petals are oblong-elliptic, obtuse, with raised longitudinal nerves. The labellum is 2 cm long, obscurely 3-lobed, blunt and rounded at the apex, where there are several conspicuously raised nerves. At the base it is contracted into a sulcate claw. The outline of the labellum agrees with the figure of HB. squalida published by J. J. Smith in the second volume of plates which illustrate “Die Orchideen von Java” (Plate CLXV). According to the notes made by Doctor Fox- worthy the plants found on Mount Pinatubo grew in very coarse gravelly soil where they received the most intense heat of the sun and where they bloomed in the latter part of the dry season. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 2818 Mearns, April, 1907: Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2575, 2619, 2613 Foxworthy, April, 1907, flowers white with purple markings, altitude 700 m. PALAWAN, Bur. Sct. 898 Foxworthy, May 22, 1906, edge of forest along trail, flowers white, marked with yellow. 672 AMES. DENDROBIUM b&w. Dendrobium Lyonii Ames Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 177. D. acuminatum Kriinzl. in Orchis 2:73, not Rolfe. Dr. F. Kriinzlin in “Orchis” reduces this species. He refers it to the synonymy of Dendrobium acuminatum Rolfe. The colored plate which accom- panies his article is a fair portrait of D. Lyonii and very unlike Dendrobium acuminatum. As Dr. Kriinzlin has expressed the opinion that D. Lyonii is not specifically distinct from D. acuminatum and as he has treated it as a variety of this species, supplementary remarks to those I published in “Orchidaceae” seem called for, especially as Dr. Kriinzlin has asserted that the illustration of D. acuminatum in “Orchidaceae” (plate 17) is erroneous and worthless as scientific evidence. Aside from the structural differences between D. Lyonii and D. acuminatum, outlined in the original descriptions, there are constitutional differences, if we may rely on the authority of Mr. Lyon, who has collected both species and who has grown them in his garden at Manila. Mr. Lyon assures me that the elevations along the mountains of Bataan where these species grow have been carefully estimated and that D. acuminatum is not found below three thousand feet and that it is abundant at an altitude of 3,700 teet. D. Lyonii, on the other hand, does not occur above the third Forest Station (2,200 feet) and is found in a narrow zone between 1,700 and 2,000 feet. This difference in distribution is accentuated by the behavior of the plants under culture. At sea level in Manila D. acuminatum is tractable and easily brought to flower, while D. Lyonwi is with difficulty kept alive. Mr. Lyon who has studied both species in the field and in his gardens of Nag- tahan, Manila, writes in a letter dated January 14, 1909: “I notice of course in reading your diagnoses that you lay little if any stress upon vegetative features, but the one I have called your attention to, the presence of an awn or short hard tooth, at the apex of pseudobulbs of D. Lyonii, is a constant feature.” “Since the receipt of your letter I have gone over my entire collection, 85 plants of D. Lyonti and 34 of D. acuminatum and I find that this holds universally good. The apical tooth (rather than awn) is very persistent as well as the old flower-scape. The old flower-scapes decay and fall away from D. acwminatum the same season, while those on D. Lyonii persist certainly for three or more years.” Mr. Lyon asserts that D. acuminatum is practically scentless, while D. Lyonii, especially in the morning, and more or less all the time, is strongly and delight- fully fragrant. Dr. Krinzlin’s criticism of plate 17 of “Orchidaceae” is not justified by facts. The plate in question was prepared from a co-type of D. acuminatum, as is stated on the second page of Fase. IJ. The flowers were drawn with reasonable regard to accuracy and the material which furnished them was carefully preserved for reference. Dr. Kriinzlin assumes that the flowers were drawn smaller than they are in nature and that failure to designate the amount of reduction renders the plate worthless as scientific evidence. He bases his remarks on the measurements given in Mr. Rolfe’s original description of D. acuminatum. In my redescription on page 171 the sepals are given as “up to 3 cm long.’ In the plate the upper- most flower has lateral’ sepals that measure 2.7 em long. In the specimen from which the plate was prepared the lateral sepals are 2.3 to 3 cm in length. Dr. Kriinzlin fails to make allowance for foreshortening in the drawing, and, therefore, makes an unjust criticism. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, II. 673 ° In his description of D. acuminatum in “Orchis,” Dr. Kriinzlin gives the length of the sepals and petals as 3 to 3.5 cm. In the plate which accompanies his description the lateral sepals exceed 4.5 cm in length and in one flower are 5 em long. Dr. Kriinzlin’s plate on the other hand portrays D, Lyonii which produces larger flowers than D. acuminatum. Notwithstanding Dr. Kriinzlin’s remarks regarding the color of the flowers of D. acuminatum and D. Lyonti no change is necessary in the descriptions pub- lished in “Orchidaceae.” D. Lyonii bears purplish flowers according to Mr. Lyon’s notes and the type material. D..acuminatum has whitish or yellowish sepals and petals and a deeper-colored labellum (brownish when dry). In Fedde’s “Repertorium novarum Specierum regni vegetabilis,’ * Dr. Kriinzlin takes up the name Sarcopodium and refers to it in addition to a new species, namely S. stella silvae, Dendrobiwm acuminatum and D. Lyonii. This last he now calls Sareopodium acuwminatum var. Lyonii! Sarcopodium stella silvae was col- lected in Luzon by A. Loher and is described as a near affinity of Dendrobium acuminatum. Dendrobium Sanderae Rolfe in Gard. Chron. III 45 (1909) 374, fig. 163; Orchid Review 17 (1909) 209, fig. 17. I refer to this species two specimens of Dendrobium from Luzon. My material agrees with Mr. Rolfe’s description and with the illustration which accompanies it. No habitat is given for Dendrobiwm Sanderae either in the “Gardeners’ Chronicle” or in the “Orchid Review,” so that we may presume that the place of origin of the species is unknown to Mr. Rolfe or else a trade secret. Mr. Rolfe received the type material from Messrs. Sander and Sons of St. Albans, England, who probably introduced it from the East Indies, as it is nearly allied to Dendrobium Dearei and D. parthenium. The petals of the Philippine material are white, about 4 em long, and nearly 3 cm wide, rounded at the tip and cuneate at the base. The white sepals are much narrower than the petals and are acute. The middle lobe of the labellum is obcordate or obovate with the margin dentate or erenate. The lateral lobes are much smaller than the middle one and rounded. The throat and lateral lobes are conspicuously striated with purple. In habit D. Sanderae resembles D. Dearei very closely. The flowers, however, are larger than those of the older species. The striations on the labellum help to distinguish the one from the other. D. Dearei has a white and yellow labellum. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5497 Mearns, July, 1907: District of Lepanto-Bontoc, Bur. Sci. 5614 Dean C. Worcester, July, 1908, “flowers white, faint odor, throat and tube with- purple lines inside:” northern Luzon, W. S. Lyon 114, on pine trees, altitude 1,000 to 1,200 m. ERIA Lindl. Eria philippinensis Ames Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 94. To this species I refer, with some hesitation, specimens from Benguet which Curran and Merritt collected in December, 1908. The flowers are much larger than in the type, the labellum measures 9 mm in length. The color of the flowers is a deep-wine-purple. Near the apex of the labellum there is a linear thickening. © Luzon, Province of Benguet, Lusod-Bayabas trail, For. Bur. 15717 Curran & Merritt, December 16, 1908, altitude 1500 m, flowers deep-coral-red. 27:40. (April, 1909.) 674 AMES. PHREATIA Lindl. Phreatia bracteata sp. nov. Pseudobulbi congregati, rotundati, circa 2 cm longi. Folia 2, oblongi- lanceolata, acuta, coriacea, 8 ad 10.5 cm longa, circa 1.5 cm lata, ad basim sulcata. Scapus usque ad 2.2 dm longus, bracteatus. Bracteae scariosae, 9 ad 20 mm longae, acutae. Racemus elongatus, usque ad 6 em longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae scariosae, ovato-lanceolatae, acutae, 9 pedicellum cum ovario excedentes, 3 ad 4 mm longae, circa 2 mm latae. Sepala lateralia late ovata, obtusa, mentum formantia, 3.5 mm longa, ad basim 2.5 mm lata. Sepalwm dorsale oblongum, obtusum vel quadratum, 2 mm longum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, 2 mm longa, 1.25 mm lata. Labellum ovatum, obtusum, 2 mm longum, 1.5 mm latum, ad basim saceatum. Columna minuta. Rostellum bifidum. The floral bracts are very conspicuous, slightly rigid and in dried specimens brownish at the center with a wide hyaline margin. The bracts of the scape are tubular, clesely appressed and somewhat hyaline when dry. In general habit the plants resemble Phreatia scaphioglossa Schlechter. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 7815 Curran & Merritt, November, 1907: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 5180 Topping, R. 8. Williams 910, along the Lamao River at an altitude of about 1000 m: Province of Pam- panga, Mount Arayat, Merrill 3916, October 23, 1904, altitude 820 m, flowers white, odorless. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. Bulbophyllum cuneatum R. A. Rolfe in Ames Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 98. This, apparently rare species, has been discovered again on Mount Mariveles by D. Le Roy Topping. In his original diagnosis Mr. Rolfe described the scapes as recurved. In my observations I find that this characteristic is always strongly developed and gives the scape below the raceme the appearance of a shepherd’s crook. Just at the point of curvature the scape is thickened and below the inflorescence conspicuously dilated. The bracts appear to have been purplish and in the dried specimens examined the petals and lips are deep-purple. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 5183 Topping. Bulbophyllum Dearei Reichb. f. in Flora 71 (1888) 156. In the herbarium of the Bureau of Science there are seven flowers of this species sent by Mary Strong Clemens from Camp Keithley. When alive they were described by the collector as orange-yellow marked with purple. The plants from which the flowers were taken were found on large Ficus and Vitex trees. The specimens from Camp Keithley agree very well with speci- mens of B. Dearei preserved in my herbarium. The upper sepal is beautifully veined and cross-veined with brown so that the yellow ground-color is bright and suggests sunlight as seen when filtered through the leaves of trees upon the forest flora. The lateral sepals are conspicuously marked with purple and strongly faleate. The petals are yellow and slightly faleate. B. bataanense Ames is a near ally of B. Dearei, but is smaller in all its parts and has a narrow upper sepal. 3 Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s. n., June, July, 1907. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, I. 67F THELASIS Blume. Thelasis obtusa Blume Bijdr. (1825) 386. I refer to this species the material collected by Leiberg on Mount Mariveles, Luzon. This material has monophyllous pseudobulbs which are much shrivelled in the dried state. They appear to have been globular when alive. The general habit of the plants recalls 7. capitata BI). but the raceme is elongated, slightly less than 4 em long, and comparatively lax. The labellum is somewhat saceate and has a minute crest along the median line. Schlechter regards 7. obtusa as closely related to 7’. macrobulbon Ridl., from which it differs in part through its monophyllous pseudobulbs. 7. macrobulbon is diphyllous. In the herbarium of the Bureau of Science there are four flowering scapes of a species of Thelasis, presumably from Java, which J. J. Smith has identified as T. obtusa Bl. I have compared Leiberg’s specimens with these and I find that the floral parts are in almost perfect agreement. 7’. obtusa has not been reported, heretofore, as native to the Philippines. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, J. B. Leiberg 6046, July 20, 1904, epiphytic, altitude about 900 m. SACCOLABIUM Blume. Saccolabium chionanthum Lindl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3 (1859) 35. I follow the authority of J. J. Smith in referring to this species 8. perpusillum Hook. f. The material from the Philippines which I have studied is in almost perfect agreement with the illustration published in Hooker’s “Icones Plantarum” (pl. 2129). The flowers are not so pubescent as shown in Hooker’s plate, but are papillose. Ridley states that the flowers when alive are hardly pubescent and are rather minutely papillose. His observations in regard to this character convince me that Hooker’s illustration may exaggerate it. The sepals and petals of the Philippine specimens agree perfectly with the figures published by Hooker (although they are very obscurely. ciliolate on the margin). The labellum terminates in the same kind of a fleshy apex and at the base produces the same kind of a scrotiform sac as shown by Hooker. The structure of the column in Hooker’s plate agrees with my material. In general habit Saccolabium chionanthum suggests Phreatia parvula, and unless carefully examined might readily be confused with it when dried. Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 3055 Ramos, November 14, 1907, flowers small, white. Java, Sumatra, Singapore. TRICHOGLOTTIS Blume. Trichoglottis latisepala sp. nov. Caulis tenuis, subflaccidus, elongatus, plus minus 3 dm longus, 2.4 mm in diametro. Vaginae 1.5 ad 1.7 cm longae. Folia lineari-lan- ceolata, acuta, 7 ad 12 cm longa, 7 ad 10 mm lata, coriacea. Pedunculi pauciflori. lores parvuli. Sepala lateralia 5 mm longa, subbipartita, vel biloba; lacinia posterior 4 mm longa, obtusa, lacinia anterior similis sed angustior et subbrevior, 2 mm longa. Sepalwm dorsale oblongum, obtusum, 3-nervium, 6 mm longum. VPetala oblonga, subspathulata, obtusa, 5 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Labellum 3-lobatum, lobi laterales 676 AMES. parvi, uncinati, obtusi ; /obws medius suborbicularis vel ellipticus. Callus pilosus prope basim. Calcar 3 ad 3.5 mm longum. Trichoglottis latisepala is very closely allied to 7. lanceolaria Bl. It is dis- tinguished from that species by its stouter stems, larger leaves and larger flowers. The lateral sepals are shaped like the wing of a bird; the lobes are rounded. The anterior or lower lobe is only slightly shorter than the spur, against which it is closely appressed. The posterior or upper lobe is oblong-lanceolate with a prominent rib along the middle. The pubescent callus at the base of the middle lobe of the labellum is triangular at the free end. In the Herbarium Hookerianum at Kew there is a specimen from Java, col- lected by Lobb, which resembles 7’. /atisepala and may prove to be conspecific with it. With this specimen there are sketches which show a flower very similar to the flower of 7. latisepala. The lateral sepals are referred to in a note as being decurrent on the spur. This Javan specimen was originally identified as T. lanceolaria. T. latisepala may prove to be a variety of T. lanceolaria but it does not agree with Javan material in my herbarium identified by J. J. Smith, Minpanao, District of Zamboanga, on an island in Cumalarang Bay, for. Bur. 12345 Hutchinson, April 19, 1908, in coast forests, flowers light-pinkish-white. Neeros, For. Bur. 7241 Everett, March 19, 1907. Trichoglottis retusa Blume Bijdr. (1825) 360. Several specimens collected in different parts of the Philippines appear to belong here. TY. retusa differs from other Philippine species in its very fleshy oblong leaves which are unequally and conspicuously bilobed or retuse at the tip. The ovyate-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent or densely papillose labellum is also characteristic. MinDANAO, Province of Surigao, Bolster 225, January 17, 1906, flowers yellow, spotted with red. Necros, For. Bur. 5553 Everett, July-October, 1906. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 9653 Curran, March 22, 1908. Bastian, For. Bur. 6103 Hutchinson. eee! Order No, 405, STUDIES IN MORO HISTORY, LAW, AND RELIGION. By Nasres M. SALersy. 107 pages. 16 illustrations. 5 diagrams. A Treatise on the history and customs of the Moro People. Price $0.25, United States currency, Order No. 408. A VOCABULARY OF THE IGOROT LANGUAGE AS SPOKEN BY THE BONTOC IGOROTS. By the Rev. WALTER CLAYTON CLAPP. Igorot-English and English-Igorot. Price $0.75, United States currency. Order No. 103. A MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. By RicHarp C. McGregor. Part I.—412 pages. Part II.—(In press.) \im two volumes. Descriptions of all known species of Philippine birds, together with complete keys to species and genera. Price (for the two volumes) $4, United States currency. Any of the above-announced publications may be ordered from the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science, Manila, P. L., or from any of the agents listed on the cover of this Journal. Please give order number. The Philippine Journal of Science Edited by PAUL C. FREER, ‘M. ‘Ds, Ph. -D. RICHARD P. STRONG, Ph. B., M. D., Co-Editor. The ‘‘Philippine Journal of Science’’ is issued as follows: Section A. General Science, $2, United States currency, per year. Section B. Medical Sciences, $3, United States currency, per year. Section C. Botany, $2, United States currency, per year. The entire ‘‘Journal,’’ $5, United States:currency, per syear. Single numbers, 50 cents, United States currency. Authors receive 100 copies of their papers free. Each section is ’séparately paged and indexed. Subscriptions should be sent to the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science, Manila, P. 1., or to any of the below-listed agents. FOREIGN AGENTS. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 64-66 Fifth Avenue, New York. Messrs. WM. WESLEY & SON, 28 Essex Street, Strand, London, W. C. . MARTINUS NIJHOFF, Nobelstraat 18, ’s Gravenhage, Holland. Messrs. MAYER & MULLER, Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse 2, Berlin, N. W. Messrs. KELLY & WALSH, LIMITED, 32 Raffles Place, Singapore, S. S. Messrs. A. M. & J. FERGUSON, 109 Baillie Street, Colombo, Ceylon. A limited number of unbound copies of previous volumes are available, which may be secured from the Business Manager at the following rates: Volume I, 1906 (not divided into sections), $5, United States currency; Supplement to Volume I, $2.50, United States currency; Volume I (without supplement), $3, United States currency; all later volumes at current subscription prices. (Copyrighted in the Philippine Islands, September, 1907. Entered at the post-office at Manila, P. 1., as second-class matter.) NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIP- TIONS OF NEW SPECIES, IIl By Oaxes Ames, M.A., F. L. S. Director of the Botanic Garden of Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. S. A.) REPRINTED FROM THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Published by the Bureau of Science of the Philippine Government, Manila, P. 1. VoL. VI, No. 1, Section C, Botany, F aRY 1911 MANILA BUREAU OF PRINTING 100006 1911 Order No. 406, THE HISTORY OF SULU. By Nasezs M. SALeEesy. 275 pages. A complete History of the Moro People in Sulu, with maps and many translations from the original documents. Price $0.75, United States currency. Order No, 407. THE BATAN DIALECT AS A MEMBER OF THE PHILIPPINE GROUP . OF LANGUAGES. By Otto SCHEERER. AND “F” AND “V” IN PHILIPPINE LANGUAGES. By Carios EVERETT CONANT. 141 pages Price $0.80, United States currency. Order No, 402, NEGRITOS OF ZAMBALES. By Wiii1amM ALLAN REED. 62 photographic illustrations. 91 pages. An interesting eennolowical study of the pygmy blacks of Zambales. Price $0.25, United States currency. Any of the above-announced publications may be ordered from the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science, Manila, P. I., or from any of the agents _ listed on the cover of this Journal. Please give order number. i Rs [= arn - cc > oO ear) ae oat » a it rS — 3 Sree Yo 1912 Given by N. L. BRITTON, THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF ScrIENCE, C. Borany. Vol. VI, No. 1, March, 1911. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW. (SPECIES,, III. By OAKES AMES. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. 8. A.) The orchid flora of the Philippines, although rich and varied, is not dis- tinctive. If we except the sections of one or two genera which appear to have their center of distribution in these Islands, it is very similar in type to that of adjacent regions. According to our present information nearly one-fourth of the recognized orchid genera of the world are known to inhabit the Philippines,’ but with surprisingly few exceptions they are poorly represented in the number of species assigned to them. It is safe to say that our acquaintance with Philippine orchids is extremely limited and that further explorations are sure to add substantially to our lists of recorded species; for rarely @ collection comes to hand from the Bureau of Science which does not contain either novelties, or species heretofore unknown to be natives of the Islands. Furthermore, these collections fall far short of being exhaustive in their nature. Frequently they represent only the plants that were in flower at the time the col- lectors were in the field. Then again, the Islands have not been botanized with equal thoroughness; Luzon, for example, being much better known than any of the others. In my previously published lists of Philippine orchids about seventy genera and three hundred and forty-seven species have been recorded. Including the species described in “Orchidaceae” by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, and the Erias published in this Journal by Dr. R. G. Leavitt, about one hundred and sixty-five novelties have been recognized among recent collections. In addition to these there is a mass of material in the her- barium of the Bureau of Science which still remains for critical study and final identification. I have prepared for this paper a list of the genera which have been ascribed to the Philippines, together with the number of species which have been referred to them. I have omitted genera and species which in my estimation are doubtful or which have been attributed to the 1 According to Pfitzer’s enumeration in “Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” d 35 36 AMES. Philippines on unreliable information or by disputable authority. Per- haps my enumeration is ultraconservative, but I have endeavored to make it accurate, exercising rather severe censorship where adequate proof regarding a reference was not to be obtained. In 1884, R. A. Rolfe* published a paper on the flora of the Philippine Islands and its probable derivation, in which he recorded for the Or- chidaceae sixty-seven genera and four hundred and sixty species. When it is borne in mind that my list includes ten additional genera and more than one hundred species which were described after Mr. Rolfe’s paper appeared, the discrepancy between his estimate and mine may be ac- counted for on the assumption that a more rigid exclusion was made on my part of data furnished by questionable authority. It is also possible that Mr. Rolfe possessed information which I have failed to secure. In any event it nust be conceded that estimates based on printed records are never conclusive and that one author may accept what another will reject. One source of error and uncertainty which it is extremely difficult to avoid in making provisional lists is the tendency of horticultural houses to conceal, for business reasons, the native country from which desirable orchids have been introduced. In this case species are sometimes referred to a region far distant from the real one, or are distributed among horti- culturists as natives of a country from which they may not have come. Although many collectors have been in the field for the Bureau of Science during the past five years, several horticultural orchids sup- posedly of Philippine origin, which would have attracted attention by their size and beauty, have failed to appear in the rich collections which have been forwarded to me for identification. The explanation of this may be the one offered above. If so it indicates that horticultural records regarding distribution should be cautiously used. Of the large Philippine genera which have been exhaustively studied, Eria and Dendrochilum occupy the foremost position. If we exclude Dendrobium with its fifty or more species, these two genera are the largest. Dendrochilum is the most interesting from a botanical view- point as it is the only large group which is characteristically Philippine. The section Acoridium, which for many years was known only through Dendrochilum tenellum, has grown rapidly since the botanical explora- tions were instituted which followed the American occupation of the Islands, until it now numbers over thirty species. Of these not one is known to be a native of any other part of the eastern Tropics and none so far as I have been able to ascertain has any near allies outside of the Philippines. When J. J. Smith monographed Dendrochilum in 1904 only forty-three species had been described. At present more than fifty ? Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21: 283. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 37 have been identified as natives of the Philippines and of these over forty have been described since 1905. In other words the genus has, computed on the basis of Smith’s monograph, been doubled since botanical explora- tions were begun by the Bureau of Science, and of the species discovered more than half belong to the section Acoridiwm. Furthermore, of the new species of orchids published in my contributions to our knowledge of the Philippine flora about one-third have been members of Den drochilum. No similar result has been obtained in any other orchid group, the only approach to it being that experienced in the study of the section Distichae of the genus Cestichis; more species of this section being found in the Philippines than in all other regions combined. One point worthy of remark concerning Philippine genera of Or- -chidaceae is that according to our present knowledge none are endemic. Attention was directed to this fact by Mr. Rolfe in his paper to which reference has already been made, and no exception to it has yet been noted. In connection with Mr. Rolfe’s suggestions as to the probable derivation of the Philippine flora it is interesting to consider not only genera but subgenera or sections, and especially the species of Dendro- chilum which belong to Acoridium and Pseudacoridium. If the Phil- ippine flora is to be regarded as of comparatively recent formation by the introduction of species from neighboring territory, it is intensely in- teresting to study such subgenera or sections as Acoridiwm in Dendro- chilum and Distichae in Cestichis, and to contemplate the cause of the remarkable development they seem to have experienced. Unfortunately, the orchid flora of the neighboring islands, if we except Java, has not been sufficiently investigated to warrant any definitive conclusions, but what is known makes possible a fascinating comparative study which indicates that in certain Philippine orchid genera there has been un- usual development, or a minimum of extinction after introduction from regions less favorable to the species introduced. When the flora of ad- jacent islands is more thoroughly studied as we may find other centers of distribution for Acoridium and an extension of range for species now believed to be endemic. But on the basis of existing records this group is localized in the Philippines with only a few representatives in other parts of the Malayan Archipelago. From a horticultural or economic viewpoint the orchid flora of the Philippines is of little importance. With the exception of a few species of Aerides, Dendrobium, Eria, Paphiopedilum, Phalaenopsis and Vanda there are none which may be assigned to the first rank of horticultural acquisitions. If we distribute the Philippine genera among the five tribes admitted by Bentham in the “Genera Plantarum,” which for conciseness and ease of comprehension are very useful and much less confusing than Pfitzer’s 38 AMES. cumbersome system in Engler and Prantl’s “Die natiirlichen Pflan- zenfamilien,” we have the following result: 4. Epidendreae, 21 genera 301 species. 5. Vandeae, 27 genera 122 species. 1. Cypripedieae, 3 genera 10 species. 2. Ophrydeae, 2 genera 20 species. 3. Neottieaé, 24 genera 42 species. THE GENERA OF PHILIPPINE ORCHIDACEAE * WITH THE NUMBER OF SPECIES ASSIGNED TO THEM, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED IN FIVE TRIBES ACCORDING TO BENTHAM AND HOOKER’S “GENERA PLANTARUM.” EPIDENDREAE. | VANDEAE—Continued. 230. Acanthophippium 1 | 233. Geodorum 1 176. Agrostophyllum 3 | 297. Grammatophyllum 2 3 227. Bletia?=LEulophia? * 5] | 376. Luisia 2 il 286. Bulbophyllum 16 14 | 380. Phalaenopsis + 10 219. Calanthe 9 4 | 226. Plocoglottis 3 178. Ceratostylis ie 2 | 172. Podochilus 19 161. Cestichis (Liparis) 16 1} 169. Polystachya 1 147. Chrysoglossum 1 | 373. Renanthera iL 1 150. Coelogyne 7 4 | 408. Rhynchostylis 2 276. Dendrobium 26 25 | 387. Saccolabium 3 3 155. Dendrochilum 56 2 382. Sarcanthus 2 2 278. Eria 44 3 | 406. Sarcochilus 5 157. Malazis (Microstylis) 23 | 378. Stauropsis 1 1 145. Nephelaphyllum 1 402. Taeniophyllum 3 162. Oberonia Ff ] | 295. Thelasis 5 232. Pachystoma 1 406. Thrirspermum 2 218. Phaius 4 ] | 410. Trichoglottis 4 3 154. Pholidota 2 1 | 391. Vanda 4 280. Phreatia 11 375. Vandopsis ] 276. Sarcopodium (Den- : a ar drobium) 2 1 by bier 228. Spathoglottis 4 | OPHRYDEAE. 94] 60 | 32, Habenaria 15 4 Sh 14. Herminium il VANDEAE. | 16 4 296. Acriopsis 1 J —S= = 404. Aerides 4 3 | NEOTTIEAE. 392, Angraecum 1 /111. Adenostylis (Zeuxine) 3 1 383. Cleisostoma 4 7| 94. Aphyllorchis 2 302. Cymbidium 2 1/| 112. Cheirostylis 2 299. Dipodium 1 | 140. Chloidia (Corymbis) ] 381. Doritis 1 | 73. Corybas (Corysanthes) 1 235. Eulophia 6 1] 80. Cryptostylis 1 * The numbers before the generic names indicate the position or the approximate position of each genus in Pfitzer’s treatment of the Orchidaceae in Engler & Prantl’s “Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” * Bletia stricta Pres}. Orchidaceous Plants” among Species valde dubiae, under Eulophia. °The figures in the second column indicate species of which I have seen no Philippine material. Placed by Lindley in “The Genera and Species of NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 39 NEOTTIEAE—Continued. | NEOTTIEAE—Continued. 106. Cystorchis 2 | 51. Thelymitra ] 95. Didymoplewis 1 | 139. Tropidia 2 3 113. Epipactis (Goodyera) 4 89. Vanilla ] 2 107. Erythrodes 1 105. Vrydagzynea 1 93. Epipoguin 1 36 pre 86. Galeola 1 — —=— 121. Haemaria i CYPRIPEDIEAE. 116. Hetaeria 1 2. Apostasia 1 122. Hylophila 1 1. Newwiedia 1 1 55. Microtis 1 5. Paphiopedilum 4 3 118. Myrmechis 2 Chis ee 74. Pogonia 3 eis ? 99. Spiranthes 1 Total number of genera 77 81. Stereosandra u Total number of species °495 LIST OF SPECIES, The following list of species includes descriptions of novelties, addi- tions to my previous records, and notes on species which supplement previously published data: The genera are arranged in accordance with the sequence adopted by Pfitzer in Engler and Prantl’s “Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” Two genera are added to the number already known to be indigenous, namely Pachystoma and Dipodiwm, twenty-two new species are described, and fifteen additions made to the number of species in my lists of Philippine orchids. 5. PAPHIOPEDILUM Prfitzer. Paphiopedilum Haynaldianum (Reichb. f.) Stein Orchideenb. 470. Specimens of this well-known horticultural orchid have been received from Mr. W. 8. Lyon. It was originally collected by Wallis near Manila in 1874. Luzon, Tarlac Province, Lyon 49, not much above sea level. Paphiopedilum ciliolare (Reichb. f.) Stein Orchideenb. 462, f. 145. This species which has been reported from Mindanao was collected by Mr. W. S. Lyon on Dinagat Island in February, 1909 (No. 142). I have as yet found no specimens among the collections of the Bureau of Science of P. philippinensis, P. Lowii, and P. Rothschildianum, all of which have been ascribed to the Philippine Islands. 106. CYSTORCHIS BI. Cystorchis javanica Blume Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 87. Cystorchis variegata var. purpurea Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 32: 399. What I take to be a representative of C. javanica proper comes from the Island of Polillo. According to notes made by the collector the ‘leaves are purplish, a characteristic of the species. C. variegata, which is a variety of C. javanica, has green leaves. Only a single specimen was found. Plant 1.5 dm tall from a creeping rhizome, leafy. Leaves petiolate, the lamina ovate-lanceolate about 3 cm long. Pedunele puberulous, ®The species to which reference is made in this paper are included in this enumeration. 40 AMES. slender, bracteate. Flowers 5 to 6 mm long. Lateral sepals oblong, obtuse, 1-nerved, with the upper sepal forming a hood over the gynaecium. Labellum saccate at the base, with two globose appendages, one on each side, base of the sac acute, protruding between the lateral sepals; lamina elongated, entire, obtuse. Po.itio, Bur. Sci. 9282 C. B. Robinson, August 19, 1909, terrestrial, 100 m above the sea. 150. COELOGYNE Lindl. Coelogyne integerrima Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 665. Another collection of this species has come to hand from Pauai where it was found at an altitude of 2,100 m. The flowers are described by the collector as pale-green. In dried specimens the labellum appears to have been brownish at the base and near the middle. The graceful racemes are nearly erect or droop- ing, with about eight large flowers. From its appearance when dried this species ought to be worthy of cultivation for horticultural purposes. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8454, 8519 R. C. McGregor, May, 1909, at an altitude of about 2,100 m. ; Coelogyne Merrillii sp. nov. Pseudobulbi fasciculati, pyriformes vel ovoideo-oblongi, rugosi, di- phylli, circiter 4 cm longi, plus minus 2.4 cm in diametro. Folia oblongi- lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, nervosa, breviter petiolata, 9.5-15 cm longa, 1.6-3.6 em lata, prominente 3—5-nervia, subcoriacea. Pedunculi term- inales, a pseudobulbo immaturo producti, erecti, 8.5-15 cm longi, an- cipites, bialati. Racemus flexuosus, circa 2—4-florus. Bracteae deciduae ? circa 3 cm longae, lanceolatae, acutae. Sepala lateralia oblonga, acuta, 3.4 cm longa, 1 em lata. Sepalum dorsale \anceolatum, 3.7 em longum, 11 mm latum. Petala linearia, 3.5 cm longa, 2 mm lata, acuta, pro- minente 1-nervia. Labellum ovatum, 3-lobatum, 3.7 cm longum, 2 cm latum; lobus medius \ateralibus major, oblongus cum apiculo, 1.5 cm longus, 1 cm latus; /obi laterales obtusi, 3 mm longi, carinae 5, flexuosae, margine lacerae, usque ad basim lobi medii extensae. Columna clavata, 3 em longa. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Pauai, Merrill 6620, May, 1909, on boulders in upper pine region, about 1,800 m altitude, flowers somewhat straw-colored, very fragrant, odor of Nymphaea. This species belongs in Pfitzer’s ninth section, Cristate, and appears to be ‘distinct from all known species of the genus. The carinae of the lip, five in number, are various in length, the middle one hardly extends to the base of the middle lobe while the outer ones are abbreviated, about 4 mm long, and situated near the lateral lobes. Coelogyne marmorata Reichb. f. is, from the description, a closely allied spe- cies. I have seen no material. ©. Loheri Rolfe is another near ally, but belongs to quite another section of the genus. My conception of C. Loheri is based on a specimen in the U. 8. National Herbarium which is a duplicate of the type number (Loher 549). NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 4] 155. DENDROCHILUM Bl. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cagayanense sp. nov. Aff. D. Cobbiano. Pseudobulbi 8 cm longi, 1.5 cm in crassitudine, - eylindracei, vaginis tubularibus, arcte appressis, acutis vestiti. Molia magna, petiolata, 3 dm longa, 6 cm lata, coriacea, elliptico-lanceolata, subacuta; petiolus 1.5 dm longus. Pedunculus multo folium excedens, 4.5 dm longus. Racemus circiter 2.5 dm longus. Bracteae inflores- centiae glumaceae, acutae, pedicellum cum ovario excedentes ad basim n flores amplectentes, 1 cm longae, 7 mm latae. Sepala lateralia \ineari- 2 fo) i lanceolata, acuta, 11 mm longa. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala \ineari- lanceolata, 3-nervia, 9 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Labellum 3-lobatum ; lobi laterales minuti, triangulares, 0.75 mm longi; /obus medius oblongus, ad 2 5 , 3 5 b) apicem rotundatus, 3.5 mm longus, 2 mm latus. Colwmna apice cre- nulato; alae laterales a basi ortae. Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16772 H. M. Curran, March 4, 1909. Dendrochilum cagayanense is a near ally of D. Cobbianum. It is a more robust species with narrow sepals and petals and a very different labellum. As in D. Cobbianum the lateral lobes of the labellum are inconspicuous and much reduced, but are somewhat setaceous. The stelidia of the column are linear- triangular and basal. Their tips reach to the base of the obscurely crenulate or denticulate terminal wing. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) confusum sp. nov. Sepala lateralia 3-nervia, 3 mm longa, 1.75 mm lata. Sepalum in- termedium lateralibus simile. Petala oblanceolata, obtusa, 3-nervia, 3 mm longa, 1.75 mm lata. Labellwm spathulatum vel cuneato-obovatum, 2.75 mm longum, 2 mm latum prope apicem. This is the small flowered plant which I described in “Orchidaceae” II as D, bicallosum var. minor. More material has come to hand which necessitates a revision of my former views. Aside from the constant difference in the form ef the labellum and the size of the flowers there are other points of dissimilarity which I think can not be passed over as merely varietal. These, however, are difficult to describe although apparent when flowers of the two species are com- pared side by side. The flowers of D. bicallosum are more stellate in aspect, when flattened out, than those of D. confusuwm, and their general shape gives the impression that the sepals, petals and labellum are longer in proportion to the width than the corresponding parts of D. confusum. The racemes of D. con- fusum are much more densely flowered and shorter than those of D. bicallosum. Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 5640 H. M. Curran, flowers somewhat salmon-colored, odorless. Dendrochilum bicallosum has also been found on Mount Maquiling, where it was collected in 1907 by H. M. Curran & M. L. Merritt, For. Bur, 7797. ‘Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cymbiforme sp. nov. Pseudobulbi pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, 2 cm longi, 6 cm in crassitudine prope basim, vaginis tubularibus, arcte appressis, acutis, vestiti. Folia 42 AMES. lineari-lanceolata, acuta, coriacea, nitida, 1.5-1.6 dm longa, 1.5 cm lata, petiolata; petioli 4 cm longi. Bracteae inflorescentiae 4 mm longae, cymbiformes. Pedunculus multo folium excedens, gracilis, flexuosus, 3 dm longus. Recemus 1.5 dm longus. Sepala lateralia oblonga, acuta, sub- falcata, 4 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, acutum, 3 mm longum. Petala oblonga, acuta, uninervia, ad basim angustata, 3 mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellwi cymbiforme, 4 mm longum, rotun- datum vel ellipticum, apiculatum, integerrimum. Colwmna rigida, 3 mm longa; alae laterales in dentes perbreves triangulares reductae, quorum unus utroque ad basim columnae stat. Luzon, Abra Subprovince, Mount Bawagan, Bur. Sci. 7133, 7135 Masimo Ramos, February 9, 1909, flowers yellow, altitude about 550 m. From all other Philippine species Dendrochilum cymbiforme is clearly separ- able by means of its cymbiform, entire labellum and triangular, reduced, basally situated stelidia. In dried specimens the leaves are glossy above and leathery in texture. OC, cymbiforme appears ‘to be very distinct from all known species of the genus. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Macgregorii sp. nov. Pseudobulbi pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, 8-15 mm longi, vaginis tubu- laribus, arcte appressis, acutis, vestiti. Jolia linearia, rigida, acuta, submembranacea, 6.5-10.4 cm longa, 2 mm lata, petiolata. Bracteae inflorescentiae 2 mm longae, 2 mm latae, cymbiformes. Pedunculus filiformis, folio longitudine fere aequalis, vel brevior. Racemus 4.5 cm longus, distichus. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, acuta, 2—-2.5 mm longa, 1.25mm lata. Sepalwm dorsale oblongum, obtusum, 2 mm longum. Petala obovata, 3-nervia, 2 mm longa, obtusa vel subacuta. Labellum cuneato-ovatum, apiculatum, integerrimum, ad basim subcordatum, 1 mm longum, ad basim labelli prope columnam callus incrassatus. Columna ut in D. pumilo. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8849 R. C. McGregor, July 4, 1909. Dendrochilum Macgregorii is a slender species which resembles D. ewile in habit, although it is more closely related to D. Whitfordii than to any other known species of the genus. The labellum resembles that of D. Whitfordwi very closely. The narrow grass-like leaves which usually exceed the inflorescence, the shorter, denser racemes and the smaller flowers are characters which clearly distinguish D. Whitfordii. ‘The flowers in dried specimens are deep-madder. 157. MALAXIS Soland. ex Sw. Malaxis balabacensis sp. nov. Planta 1-4 dm alta, foliosa, floribus flavis in racemo gracili, spicato, +1.5 dm longo. Folia 6, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, nervosa, 5-12 em longa, usque ad 5 cm lata, in sicco chartacea glabra. Pedun- culus angulatus, 1-2.5 dm longus, foliis longior. Bracteae lineari- lanceolatae, acuminatae, acutae, 4—7 mm longae, scariosae, dependentes. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 43 Racemus sublaxiflorus, usque ad 13 em longus. Sepala lateralia ovata, 3-3.5 mm longa, prope basim 3 mm lata, 3-nervia. Sepalwm dorsale ovatum, acutum, 3—+ mm longum, 3-nervium. Petala rhombico-lanceo- lata, 4 mm longa, 2 mm lata, 1l-nervia. Labellwm integerrimum, subro- tundatum, a basi labelli ad apicem 2 mm longum, prope apicem callus incrassatus ; auriculae oblongae, obtusae, 1 mm longae. Colwmna brevis, stelidiis obtusis truncatis ; ad basim columnae a tergo dens, vel papilla. BauaBac, Merrill 5374, October 16, 1906 (type), in forests, terrestrial, alti- tude about 20 m. Sisutu (Suiu Archipelago), Merrill 5296, October 13, 1906, in dry thickets near the seashore. This species is clearly distinguished from all others from the Philippines, except M. Ramosit, of which I have any knowledge, through its rhombic-lanceolate petals. At the base of the column on its outer surface there is a conspicuous decurved tooth or papilla. The labellum is rotundate, deeply cordate-cleft at ‘the base, and near the tip bears a curious callus which in dried specimens is blackish and which at its posterior end terminates in a minute fovea. Malaxis bataanensis sp. nov. Caulis brevis, circiter 3 cm longus. Folia 2 (vel 3 ?), chartacea, lanceo- lata superne, inferne late, ovata, acuminata, acuta, 6—7 cm longa, 1.5-3.5 em lata, in petiolum latum vaginantem transiens. Pedunculus elongatus, inferne nudus, bialatus, gracilis, 2—2.8 dm longus, 1-1.5 mm in crassi- tudine. Racemus spiciformis, valde elongatus, usque ad 2 dm longus. Flores multi, color luteus, qualis est mali aurantii. Bracteae inflores- centiae valde dependentes, triangulares, acutae, setaceae, +4 mm longae. Pedicelli cum ovario 4 mm longi. Sepala lateralia orbicularia, 3-nervia, 2.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Sepalum ‘posticwm lateralibus majus, ellip- ticum, subacutum, 3.75 mm longum, 2 mm latum. Petala lanceolata, 1-nervia, subacuta, basi attenuata, 3 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Labellum integerrimum, rotundatum, cordatum, a basi labelli ad apicem 1.5 mm longum ; auriculae minutae, obtusae; in disco callus elongatus. Columna crassiuscula, circiter 1.5 mm longa. Capsula ellipsoidalis 9 mm longa. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 1674 F. W. Foa- worthy, October 17, 1906, terrestrial, 800 m above sea level. (Type in Hb. Bur. Sci.; duplicate in Hb. Ames.) The flowers of this species are similar to those of M. balabacensis and M. Ramosii. In aspect, however, the plant is quite distinctive. The elongated peduncles, which are wand-like and conspicuously tall, are characteristic. Three- fourths of the peduncle, at least, is floriferous. The specimens examined bear two large leaves, the upper one lanceolate, the lower one ovate, and near the base a foliaceous bract. The flowers are caducous, consequently the peduncles, in mature specimens, seem to have the flowers crowded in short racemes. Malaxis benguetensis sp. nov. Herba 1-2.2 dm alta. Caulis crassus vix bulbosus, vaginis tectus, usque ad 4 cm longus. Folia 3 vel 4, vix petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, 3-9 cm longa, 1.2—3.7 cm lata (rarissime 3 cm longa), 44 AMES. nervosa, chartacea. Pedunculus erectus, 8-15 cm longus, foliis longior. Racemus cylindricus, sublaxiflorus, 3-7.5 em longus, in sicco 1.5 em in diametro. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, acuminatae, circiter 6 mm longae, dependentes. Flores numerosi, fusco-virides vel purpurascentes. Sepala lateralia elliptica, circiter 2 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata, 1-nervia. Sepalum dorsale ovatum, 2.5 mm longum, 1—-1.25 mm latum, obtusum, 1-nervium. Petala linearia, obtusa, 1-nervia, circiter 2.5 mm longa, 0.75 mm lata. Labellum obscure trilobatum, concavum, late cordato-hastatum, 2.56 mm longum, 3 mm latum; lobis lateralibus vix distinctis, rotundatis; lobus medius rotundatus, obtusus, callo crescentiforme in margine. Columna brevis, crassiuscula. - Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8362 McGregor, June, 1909, altitude 2,100 m. ; The material at hand exhibits a wide range of variation in measurements. The labellum is round heart-shaped or broadly and bluntly hastate. From the base a distinct vein emerges on each side and extends round the circular de- pression of the lip and is thickened along the innner margin of the middle lobe to form a crescent-shaped membranaceous callus. Malaxis Curranii sp. nov. Aff. M. latifoliae, at triplo minor. Herba usque ad 2 dm alta, gracilis, folia3. Caulis +3 cm longus vix incrassatus. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, breviter petiolata, 5-10 cm longa, circiter 1.5 cm lata, chartacea, nervosa. Pedunculus gracilis, angulatus, foliis longior, 9-15 em longus. Racenus compactus, cylindricus, 1—2.5 em longus, 5 mm in diametro ; flores plures, parvi, luteo-virides. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, setaceae. Sepala lateralia elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 3-nervia,.3 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lineari-oblanceolata, acuta, 1-nervia, 3 mm longa, 0.5 mm lata. Labellwm cymbiforme, 2 mm lon- gum, auriculis parvis, apice trilobo, lobis lateralibus obtusis, medio sub- acuto longiore, lanceolato; lobi laterales minuti: lobus medius 1 mm longus. Columna brevis. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, For. Bur. 5105 Curran, August 16, 1906, open pine forest. The differences between M. Curranii and typical M. latifolia are chiefly habital. The habit of the species here proposed is quite distinctive. The floral details, however, are not sufficiently unlike IM. latifolia to be easily emphasized in a description. The shorter, more slender peduncle and raceme, and the acute middle lobe of the labellum must be relied on in differentiating the Philippine material from typical W. latifolia. Malaxis latifolia Smith in Rees’s Cycl. 22, No. 3. Wicrostylis congesta Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6: 206. Malazis plicata Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3: 456. Dienia congesta Lindl. in Wall. Cat. no. 1936. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 45 In the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science there are two specimens which in my opinion belong to this species. One of these is typical, the other has purplish flowers and probably represents the variety fusca. Luzon, Rizal Province, Bur. Sci. 4667 Maximo Ramos, August, 1907. Var. fusca cf. Ridley in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 24: 335. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Bur. Sci. 3492 Major BE. A. Mearns, July, 1907. M. latifolia is a variable species which is found in Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Siam, China, New Guinea and Australia. (Cf. fig. CLXXXV in the third volume of plates which accompany J. J. Smith’s “De Orchideen von Java”). Malaxis Macgregorii Sp. nov. Planta foliosa. Caulis vix incrassatus. Folia 6-9, lanceolata, acum- inata, acuta, multinervia, 5-11 cm longa, 3 cm lata. Petiolus latus, vaginans, 3 cm longus. Jnflorescentia cum pedunculo 1.5 dm longa, foliis longior. Flores in racemo laxo languente, circiter 1 cm distantes., Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae dependentes. Sepala lateralia elliptica, ob- tusa, 3 mm longa. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lineari-oblonga, circiter 2mm longa. Labellum 4mm longum, auriculatum ; lobus medius subquadratus, ad apicem bifidus; auriculae magnae; in sinu utroque prope basim lobi medii dentes 2 stant. Pouit1o, Bur. Sci. 10440 R. C. McGregor, October 19, 1909, terrestrial. Malaxis Macgregorii is nearly allied to M. dentata Ames and to WM tcrostylis micrantha Hook. f. (ef. “Icones Plantarum” pl. 1834). The flowers of MJalavris dentata are smaller, however, and the different middle lobe of the labellum is quite distinctive. According to field notes the flowers of M. Macgregorii are rose-carmine. Malaxis Ramosii sp. nov. Herba 1-2 dm alta in anthesi. Caulis brevis, circiter 3 cm longus. Folia 3, lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, 4-10 cm longa, 1.5-3 cm lata, nervosa. Pedunculus 7-16 cm longus, foliis longior. Bracteae lineari- lanceolatae acuminatae, acutae, 3 mm longae, dependentes. Racemus usque ad 9 em longus. Flores 3-5 mm distantes, circa 9 mm in diametro. Pedicelli circiter 6 mm longi. Sepala lateralia ovata, 3-nervia, + mm longa, 3 mm lata. Sepalwm dorsale ovato-lanceolatum, 3-nervium, 5 mm longum, 3 mm latum. Petala rhombico-lanceolata, 4.75 mm longa, 3 mm lata, 3-nervium. Labelluwm integerrimum, rotundatum, a basi labelli ad apicem 2 mm longum; auriculae oblongae, obtusae, 1 mm _ longae. Columna brevis, ad basim columnae dens, vel papilla a tergo. Luzon, Rizal Province, Bosoboso, Bur, Sci. 4567 Maximo Ramos, August 14, 1907. M. Ramosii is closely allied to M. balabacensis from which it differs in its smaller size and larger flowers. The petals of M. balabacensis are narrower in relation to their length and not so rhombic as those of MW. Ramosii; then again the peduncles of VW. balabacensis are much longer in relation to the leaves. 46 AMES. Malaxis rizalensis sp. nov. Aff. M. purpureae. Caulis brevis, 3-4 cm longus, vix incrassatus. Folia 3-5, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, petiolata ; lamina 6-13 cm longa, 2.5-4.5 cm lata. Petiolus vaginans, 2.5-3.5 cm longus. Tota planta usque ad 2.2 dm alta. Pedunculus 9-17 cm longus, foliis longior. Racemus circiter 9 cm longus, laxiflorus, flores purpurei. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, 5 mm longae, dependentes. Pedicelli usque ad 7 mm longi. Sepala lateralia elliptica valde obtusa, 4-nervia, 3.5 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Sepaluwm dorsale oblongum, obtusum, 4.5 mm longum, circiter 1.5 mm latum. Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 3-nervia, 4 mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellum magnum, ovato-cordatum, obscure 3-lobatum ; lobus medius bifidus, 3 mm longus, 3 mm latus; lobi laterales obtusi, minuti, producti in auriculas magnas, obtusas, inter quas columna prominet. Awriculae oblongae 2 mm longae, 1.5 mm latae in sicco ner- vosae. Columna crassiuscula. Luzon, Rizal Province, Bosoboso, Bur. Sci. 4561 Maximo Ramos, August, 1907. (Type in Hb. Bur. Sci., no duplicate) . M. rizalensis is a very near ally of M. purpurea and when studied with the aid of more material than I possess may prove to be conspecific with it. The stems are short and the leaves are not conspicuously congested. At least my material is clearly differentiated from Zollinger’s no. 2536 (Hb. British Museum of Natural History) cited by Ridley under Microstylis purpurea in the “Revision of the Genera Microstylis and Malaxis,” and by J. J. Smith in “Die Orchideen von Java.” The labellum of M. rizalensis resembles in general outline that of M. Hutchinsoniana (cf. Ames, Orchidaceae 2:°128) but is distinguish- able from it by its bifid apex, the divisions of which are oblong, obtuse, 1.5 mm long. M. Wallichii is a near ally of our species. Malaxis uncata sp. nov. M. sagittatae (J. J. Sm.) affinis. Caulis brevis vix incrassatus, usque ad 2cm longus. Jolia breviter petiolata, 3, quorum unum parvulum est. Lamina lanceolata, breviter acuminata, acuta, glabra, 5-nervia. Foliwm infimum usque ad 2 cm longum. YFoliwm superum 8 cm longum, 2.5-38 em latum. Pedunculus elongatus, gracilis, 11-18 cm. longus. Bracteae dependentes, lineari-lanceolatae, setaceae, valde acutae, plus minus 5 mm longae. Pedicelli elongati, usque ad 1 cm longi. Flores flavidi. Sepala lateralia elliptica, ad apicem rotundata, 3 mm longa, 2mm lata. Sepalum posticum ovyato-lanceolatum, obtusum, 3-nervium, 3.5 mm longum, 2.5 mm latum. /Petala linearia, 1-nervia, 4 mm longa, 0.5 mm lata. La- bellum integerrimum, late sagittatum; auriculis obtusis 1.5 mm longis. Discus usque ad 2 mm longus. Callus bilobus in disco medio. Colwmna crassiuscula, 1 mm longa, a tergo, prope basim, dens uncinatus. Capsula ellipsoidalis, 6-8 mm longa. Luzon, Laguna-Tayabas Provinces, For. Bur. 9552 H. M. Curran, March, 1908. M. uncata is closely allied to Malaxis sagittata (J. J. Sm.) (Microstylis sagittata J. J. Sm. Ic. Bog. 2: t. CVII, C., Die Orchideen von Java 252), from which it differs in its narrower leaves, yellowish-flowers, broader upper sepal and more broadly sagittate lip. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 47 The type collection consists of two plants, preserved in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science. Unfortunately both plants are in fruit so that my deserip- tion is based on terminal flowers. The flowers in dried specimens are yellowish. 161. CESTICHIS Prfitzer. Cestichis Lyonii sp. nov. Radices multae, fibratae. Pseudobulbi fasciculati, 2 cm longi, com- planati, in sicco usque ad 1.5 cm in crassitudine, rugosi. Folia bina, oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, utrinque glabra, 6.5-8.5 cm longa, 1-1.5 cm lata, coriacea, in petiolos desinentia. Petiolus brevis, 5 mm longus. Ped- unculus terminalis, bialatus, foliis longior, usque ad 23 cm longus, erectus. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, setaceae, elongatae, 1 cm longae. Racemus longissimus, densus, usque ad 12 em longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acutae, 2-4 mm longae, pedicellum et ovarium excedentes. Flores flavidi. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, valde uninervia, 4.5mm longa, 2mm lata. Sepalum intermedium simile. Petala linearia, uninervia, 4 mm longa. Labellum orbiculare subito acuminatum, 5- nervium, 4 mm longum, circiter 3 mm latum. Colwmna exalata, cras- siuscula, 2 mm longa. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Baguio, 155 W. S. Lyon (type in Ub. Ames). Mrnporo, Mount Inauan, For. Bur. 9959 M. L. Merritt, January 22, 1908, 1,300 m altitude (single specimen in Hb. Bureau of Science). The labellum is orbicular and at the apex abruptly contracted into an obtuse tip. The pseudobulbs in dried specimens have the appearance of having been strongly compressed or flattened when fresh. 162. OBERONIA Lindl. Oberonia cylindrica Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1840, Mise. 20, Fol. Orch. Oberonia 2; Ames Orchidaceae 1: 77, This species appears to be very common in northern Luzon. The material from which Lindley obtained his original and very brief description was imported from Manila by Messrs. Loddiges. From Lindley’s description, in the “Botanical Register,” it is quite impossible to identify with any degree of surety plants which may prove conspecific with O. cylindrica. Furthermore, his remarks in “Folia Orchidacea” are inconclusive. In neither work does he refer to foliage, although in “Folia Orchidacea” he places O. cylindrica in the same section with O. iridifolia, among the acaulescent species which have radical leaves. In order to obtain light on the subject I sent a specimen, representative of material which I had identified with Lindley’s species, to Kew, where it was carefully compared with the type. This comparison verified my conclusions and also revealed the fact that Lindley’s specimen is destitute of foliage, consisting of the inflorescence only. For a description, supplementary to Lindley’s, reference should be made to my list of Philippine orchids published in the first volume of “Orchidaceae.” Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Mount Pulog, Elmer D. Merrill 6573, May, 1909, Bur. Sci. 8823 R. C. McGregor, July, 1909, BE. B. Copeland s. n., 2,300 m altitude, in mossy forest, May 12, 1909; Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5476 Maaimo Ramos, December, 1908; Baguio, R. S. Williams 1082, 1904: Bontoe Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh, 407, 1910 (specimen in fruit). 48 AMES. 172. PODOCHILUS Bl. ‘This is an intricate genus with which it is almost impossible to do satisfactory work owing to the fragmentary condition of the specimens usually found in herbaria. One must rely to a large extent on descrip- tions and these are too frequently inadequate because of the similarity between many of the species. Podochilus fenixii sp. noy. Caules plus minus 3 dm alti, simplices, graciles. Folia oblongi-lan- ceolata inferne, superne linearia, acuminata, plus minus 5 cm longa, 3-11 mm lata; utrinque glabra, usque ad 4 mm in crassitudine in sicco, nervo intermedio in apiculum minutum producto. Inflorescentia termi- nalis et lateralis brevis. Racemus pauciflorus, foliis multo_brevior. Pedunculus cum racemo usque ad 1.5 cm longus. Bracteae cymbiformes ovatae, acuminatae, acutae, 4 mm longae, inferne imbricatae. Flores albi. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, 3-nervia, 4. mm longa, ad basim 2.5 mm lata. Sepalwm dorsale concavum, ovatum, obtu- sum, plus minus 3 mm longum. Petala oblonga vel oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, 3-nervia, 2.75 mm longa. Labellum oblongum, obtusum, 4.75 mm longum, ad basim saccatum; prope apicem labelli tuberculum minutum, post quod callus multo major; prope basim labelli callus cucullatus, V-formis. BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci. 3794 Eugenio Fénia, June 8, 1907. In habit, if we except the inflorescence, this species resembles very closely P. dendrobioides Schlechter. The labellum is distinctive as it bears three calli; one at the apex, a minute protuberance; one near the middle, a transversely situated keel or cushion, and one near the base, this last being V-shaped, cucullate at its closed end. In several of the specimens examined the racemes are num- erous. They arise from the axils of the leaves beginning at about the middle of the stem, and are produced with few interruptions from there to the summit. Podochilus (§ Appendicula) fruticosus sp. nov. Caulis ramosus, 3 dm longus. Folia oblonga, 1-2 em longa, 2-4 mm lata, ad apicem inaequaliter bilobata. Flores terminales et laterales, in capitulis bracteatis. Bracteae acutae, 3 mm longae. Sepala lateralia triangularia, 3-nervia, acuta, 2.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata ad basim. Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 1-nervia, 1.75 mm longa. Labellum 3 mm longum, breviter unguiculatum ; lamina obovata vel suborbicularis. Mrnpanao, Camp Keithley, Lake Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens s. n. (type), September, 1907. Plant much branched, the branches bearing numerous heads of flowers in the axils of the small linear-oblong leaves. On the same plant flower buds and fruits occur. The fruits, which are about 6 mm long, exceed the rigid, nervose bracts. In all the specimens examined the leaves show a strong tendency to fall off, consequently herbarium specimens consist chiefly of naked stems and the NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 49 persistent flower heads. The lip is orbicular when spread out, but in its normal state is rather obovate, obtuse. The callus is basal and V-shaped, the wings extend along the margin to the apical third of the lip where they converge. Podochilus (§ Appendicula) malindangensis sp. noy. Planta 5 dm alta, robusta, glabra. /olia oblongi-lanceolata vel ellip- tica, disticha, coriacea, 4 cm longa, 1 cm lata. Inflorescentia lateralis, 2.5-3 em longa; rhachis fractiflexus. lores in racemo brevi. Bracteae cymbiformes, acutae, 8.5 mm longae, ovario longiores. Sepala lateralia mentum obtusum formantia, triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, 3-nervia, 4.5 mm longa, 4mm lata ad basim. Sepaluwm dorsale lanceolatum, 3-nervium, 44.5 mm longum, subacutum. Petala oblonga, 1-nervia, 4 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Labellwm ut in P. pendulo, oblongum vel subquadratum, 4 mm longum, 7-nervium. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 4733 Major B. A. Mearns & W. I. Hutchinson, May 25, 1906, at 1,700 m altitude. P. malindangensis is a tall, rather strict species which in general aspect: resembles P. micranthus. The labellum is oblong or subquadrate, obtuse, with a large pocket or cup near the base formed by a transversely situated membrane. The lateral sepals are united at the base and form a rounded mentum. In the type material the characteristically large flowers are borne on lateral peduncles which oecur on stems from which the leaves have fallen. Leafy stems destitute of flowers occur on the same plant with the naked flower-bearing stems. It is probable that as the flowering stems are the most mature the leaves fall off during the drying process, but notwithstanding this probability the specimens are in general aspect unlike others of the genus from the Philippines. When dry the flowers are blackish, when fresh they were described by the collectors as “dark-blue.” Podochilus (§ Apista) Robinsonii sp. nov. _Caules 1 dm alti, graciles, basibus foliorum vaginantibus tecti. olia lanceolata, 1.3 cm longa, 2-3 mm lata, coriacea. Inflorescentia terminalis. Pedunculus cum racemo 3.5 cm longus. Bracteae minutae, acutae, 1 mm longae. Flores minuti, flavi. Sepala 3 mm longa, connata, tubum for- mantia, partes terminales 1.5 mm longae, liberae, subacutae. Petala uninervia, dolabriformia, vel triangula breviter unguiculata, 3.5 mm longa. Labellum cordatum ad basim sagittatum breviter unguiculatum, 3-ner- vium, 2.5 mm longum, 2.25 mm latum. Luzon, Camarines Province, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6371 C. B. Robinson, August 27, 1908, altitude above sea 200-400 meters. Here also I refer material collected on Canlaon Volcano, Island of Negros, by C. 8S. Banks in June, 1906, Bur. Sev. 1137. In general aspect this species resembles P. strictus Ames and P. scalpelliformis Bl. It is easily distinguished from these by its broader leaves, longer rac- emes and very different petals. ‘The sepals are connate as in P. scalpelliformis. The rigid bracts give to the raceme a pectinate aspect. In dried specimens the leaves appear to have been twisted slightly. 100004——_4 50 AMES. 176. AGROSTOPHYLLUM Bi. Agrostophyllum malindangense sp. nov. Caules usque ad 2.5 dm longi, ad basim 2 mm in crassitudine, fasci- culati, teretes, exiles inferne, superne sensim dilatati vaginis foliorum tecti; vaginae foliorum imbricatae, persistentes, nitidae, flavidae, prope apicem caulis inflatae, (in sicco ?) marginibus nigricantes. Folia usque ad 1 dm longa, prope basim 4 mm lata, linearia, acuminata, acuta, coriacea, ad basim rotundata, nervo intermedio prominente praedita. Inflores- centia terminalis dense capitata globosa, multiflora, 1.5 cm in diametro. Bracteae exteriores rigidae, lanceolatae, floribus longiores: bracteae inter- iores obtusae, floribus breviores, glumaceae. . Pedicell1 cum ovario 5.5 mm longi. Flores flavidi, conferti. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, uninervia, 3 mm longa, ad basim 2 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala valde linearia, uninervia, 3 mm longa. Labellum carno- sum, 3-lobatum, hypochilio obtuso, valde scrotiforme, lamella transversa integra ab epichilio separato. Hpichiliwm cupulam formans. Lobi laterales minuti, paene obsoleti. Coluwmna crassa, 3.5 mm longa. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 4610 Mearns & Hutchinson, May 25, 1906, altitude 1,700 m. 178. CERATOSTYLIS BI. Ceratostylis philippinensis Rolfe ex Ames Orch, 1: 79, with fig. Among the orchids collected on Mount Mariveles by Elmer D. Merrill and sent alive in 1905 to North Easton was this interesting species which has grown luxuriantly in my collection, forming dense tuffs of semiterete leaves from the axils of which the sweet-scented, snow-white flowers emerge in August and September. The margin of the lip is slightly revolute near the middle and on the disk beyond the middle are two inconspicuous papillose calli. This species has also been collected recently by R. C. McGregor, Bur. Sci. 8447, near Pauai, Benguet Subprovince, Luzon, at an altitude of 2,100 m. 218. PHAIUS Lour. Phaius flavus Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. 128. The material which I refer here may be conspecific with P. philippinensis N. FE. Brown, a species which I have not seen. There are several details, however, in Mr. Brown’s description which do not agree with my specimens. The entire lip of my plant suggests P. philippinensis, also the thin keels on the disk. On the other hand P. flavus is a very variable species and P. philippinensis may be one of its variants. Mr. Brown’s description refers to the fugaceous floral bracts. In my material the bracts are persistent. Luzon, Lepanto-Bontoc region, Bur. Sci. 5616 Dean C. Worcester, July 8, ie flowers with a rather rank odor, yellow, fringe of lip brown-purple. 230. ACANTHOPHIPPIUM BI. Acanthophippium Mantinianum L. Lind. & Cogn. Journ. des Orch. 7: 138. Roots fleshy, elongated. Stems 12 cm long, gradually tapering upward from a broad base, jointed. Leaves 2, plicate, ovate-oblong, petiolate, up NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 51 to 3 dm long, 9 em wide. Raceme 5-flowered, bracts cymbiform up to 3 cm long. Sepals about 3 cm long. Petals rhomboidal, obtuse. Label- lum 3-lobed, lateral lobes dolabriform, about 5 mm long, 5 mm wide, middle lobe obtuse, about 7 mm long. Disk lamellate, lamellae 5, fleshy, prominent. This peculiar species, which was originally introduced from the Philippine Is- lands, and described by Linden and Cogniaux in “Le Journal des Orchidées” in 1896, has just come to hand from Luzon, where it was collected by Father M. Vanoverbergh. The flowers are yellowish with dark spots and the labellum is nearly white. My knowledge of the species, unfortunately. is based on the original description and not on an examination of the type material. I have seen no other specimen of Acanthophippium from the Philippines. 232. PACHYSTOMA Bl. Pachystoma pubescens Bl. Bijdr. 376. Pachychilus pubescens Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 173. I refer to this species several specimens recently collected in Luzon. They agree with the material figured in detail by Blume and with a Javan plant preserved in the herbarium of the British Museum of Natural History, collected by Horsfield. Luzon, Cagayan Province, Bur. Sci. 7969 Maximo Ramos, April 3, 1909, flowers “dark-purplish:” Lepanto Subprovince, Bur. Sci. 7050 Ramos, January 24, 1909, flowers “violet:” Benguet Subprovince, For. Bur. 10942 H. M. Curran, January 14, 1909, in grass lands, pine-covered hills, flowers “pink,” altitude 1,500 m: Rizal Province, Bur. Sci. 6774 C. B. Robinson, May 18, 1909, flowers “‘lilac, lip golden-yellow except on margin in front.” 235. EULOPHIA R. Br. Eulophia dentata sp. nov. Mea sententia E. venosae Reichb. f. affinis. Radices ? Caulis erectus usque ad 5.5 dm longus, bracteis scariosis vaginantibus instructus ; foliis carens. Bracteae tubulares, supra dilatatae, acuminatae, setaceae, imbri- catae inferne, superne distantes, 24 em longae. Bracteae inflorescentiae scariosae, lineares, setaceae, usque ad 2 cm longae, flore longiores. Racemus sublaxiflorus, 7-10 em longus, circiter 4 cm in diametro. Llores albi et purpurei, 12 mm longi, nutantes. Pedicelli pergraciles, 5-9 mm longi. Ovarium 5-% mm longum. Sepala lateralia oblonga, 5-nervia, 1.5 em longa, 3 mm lata, acuta. Sepalwm dorsale simile, basi leviter attenuatum. Petala oblongi-lanceolata, 3-nervia, 12 mm longa, 3 mm lata. Labellum ovatum, 3-lobatum, inferne in calcar productum. Lobi laterales rotundati, leviter crenulati, circiter 2 mm longi, 2 mm lati, sparsim papillosi; Jobus medius suborbicularis, margine valde dentatus ; discus ad basim leviter tricarinatus, ad medium et prope apicem papillis et processibus numerosis. Papillae et processus inaequales. Processus complanati, usque ad 2 mm longi. Calcar obtusum, 3.5 mm longum. Columna 4 mm longa, ad apicem dilatata. ay 4 AMES. Luzon, Bontoe Subprovince, For. Bur. 17035 H. M. Curran, January 26, 1909, very common in open grass lands. From the specimens at hand Bulophia dentata appears to be a leafless species closely allied to Bulophia venosa Reichb. i 276. DENDROBIUM &w. Dendrobium (§ Aporum) indivisum Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. 3: 630. D. lunatum Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3: 4. This is apparently a common species in the Philippine Islands where it is found growing on trees along the coast and inland. The flattened, erect stems, triangular distichous leaves and terminal inflorescence are quite characteristic. According to the field notes of collectors the small flowers are pale-yellow marked with purple. The lunate labellum and conspicuous callus serve to distinguish this species from its congeners in the Philippines. In Lindley’s Herbarium the Cuming plant, which I take to be the type of D. lunatum Lindl., appears to be conspecific with D. indiviswm. Lindley’s sketch of the flower agrees very well with the figure on Plate XIII of Presl’s “Reliquiae Haenkeanae,” although the general habit of the Cuming specimen is not exactly like that of the majority of the specimens recently collected in the Philippines. Sutu ArcHiPELaco, Merrill 3003, plants growing on low rocky bluffs along the seashore, 1907. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Mount Mariveles, For. Bur. 27538 T. E. Borden, March, 1905, on tree trunks in mossy forest, 900 m above sea level: Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2616 Foa- worthy, April 25, 1907, on trees on very dry mesa, 700 m above sea level. Dendrobium platycaulon Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1892) 139. This species bloomed in the orchid collection of the Bureau of Science in November, 1909. According to notes which accompany the specimens submitted for identification the exact locality from which they were obtained and the name of the collector who discovered them are unknown. They certainly were Phil- ippine. As Mr. Rolfe states, this species resembles Dendrobium lamellatum. The pseudobulbs, however, are longer and narrower in relation to their length and the flowers are larger than in that species. In the notes which are appended to the original description of D. platycaulon the flowers are said to exceed an inch in length. In the specimens I have examined the flowers are scarcely an inch long, but in other details they agree very well with Mr. Rolfe’s description. D. platycaulon is a curious species with flattened pseudobulbs, which are about 11 em long, 2.5 em wide and only a few millimeters thick; they are contracted into a slender terete base; the leaves are oblong-lanceolate, larger than the pseudobulbs and somewhat similar to them in outline. The specimens examined were apparently 3- or 4-leaved. The flowers are nearly white, and fragrant when fresh. They close in a short time and turn yellow. They are few in number and borne near the apex of the leafless pseudobulbs. Dendrobium scopa Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1842) Mise. 55. What I take to be specimens of this species have been received from Mr. W. S. Lyon who collected them in Tarlac Province. Mr. Lyon in his field notes describes the plants as terrestrial, growing among rocks. The flowers, which were open in June, were white, cinnamon-scented, the finely fringed lip being straw-yellow. The flowers are not showy but on account of the peculiarly fringed lip are of exceptional interest and very curious. The sepals and petals are similar, linear-oblong, about 15 mm long. The labellum is oblong, the apex NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 53 broken up into a delicate spreading fringe the filaments of which are about 5 mm long. Lindley’s type specimen, for an excellent sketch of which I am indebted to Doctor Prain, is perhaps stouter than my plants, but in other respects matches them perfectly. The labellum of D. scopa is well illustrated in Lindley’s her- barium by a colored drawing. In outline and in general aspect this drawing agrees very well with the labellum of the plants collected by Mr. Lyon. Dendrobium scopa is referred to in J. J. Smith’s “Die Orchideen von Jaya” as probably related to D. comatwm Lindl. From the specimens at hand it would seem to be more nearly allied to D. angulatum in the form of the lip, but differs from that species in detail. Luzon, Tarlac Province, W. S. Lyon 110. 276. SARCOPODIUM Lindl. In the “Orchid Review” for August, 1910 (18: 237) Mr. R. A. Rolfe gives a list of twenty-one species, usually referred to Dendrobium, which he regards as constituents of a distinct genus, namely Sarcopodium. This genus was originally proposed by Lindley for the inclusion of a small group of species which Reichenbach f. referred to Bulbophyllum. At present only three Philippine species of Sarcopodiwm are known. All of these have recently been described. S. acuminatum Krinzl. was the first to be discovered, S. Lyonii Rolfe (8S. acuminatum var. Lyonit Kranzl.) the second, and S. stella silvae Krinzl. & Loher, a species which I have not seen, the third. In its brief history Sarcopodium Lyonw has accumulated an interesting synonymy as follows: Sarcopodium Lyonii R. A. Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 18: 240. Dendrobium Lyonii Ames Orch, 2: 177. D. acuminatum Krinzl. Orchis 2: 73, not Rolfe. Sarcopodium acuminatum var. Lyonit Kriinzl. in Fedde Rep. 7: 40. In view of Doctor Krinzlin’s treatment of S. Lyonii, Mr. Rolfe’s opinion in the “Orchid Review” is of interest. He says S. Lyonii is allied to S. acwmin- atum, but has larger rosy-carmine flowers with a darker lip. “It has been con- fused with the preceding,’ and I believe includes all the plants which have been recently exhibited under the name D. acuminatum, also the figure in Gard. Chron. 1907, ii, p. 210, fig. 88; 1909, ii. p. 150, fig. 64; Gard. Mag. 1909, pp. 649, 660, with fig.; Journ. Hort., 1902, ii, p. 291, with fig.; Orchis ii, p. 73, C6. 280. PHREATIA Lindl. Phreatia prorepens Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. (1878) 54. Up to the present I had seen only the material in the Gray Herbarium identified by Reichenbach and the specimens collected by Merrill on Mount Halcon. The collection under consideration was made by McGregor and is of unusual interest as it is composed of numerous specimens which exhibit a wide range of variation, some of the scapes approximating 2 dm in length. The variation in the leaves is also notable, ranging from the ligulate form char- 7 Sarcopodium acuminatum, 54 AMES. acteristic of the type to broadly lanceolate. As a rule the scapes exceed the leaves considerably and bear spikes of white flowers which appear to be more rigid than in the other material I have examined. The structure of the flowers is very similar in the plants from Mount Halcon and in those collected by Me- Cregor, so that variation seems to be purely vegetative. P. prorepens is closely related to P. acuminata J. J. Smith, from which it appears to differ chiefly in the size of the floral parts. In Lindley’s herbarium at Kew there are two Javan species of Phreatia mounted on the same sheet. One of these, a plant collected by Junghuhn (no. 207), belongs to § Hbulbosae. The other, a plant collected by Lobb, belongs to § Bulbosae and is probably conspecific with P. acuminata. In habit it closely resembles P. prorepens and may be a form of that species. From my material it is quite impossible to distinguish P. acuminata from P. prorepens. In “Die Orchideen von Java,” J. J. Smith distinguishes P. acuminata by the floral bracts being shorter than the ovaries. In my material I find some of the bracts conspicuously shorter than the ovaries, and some longer. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8363 R. OC. McGregor, June, 1909. 383. CLEISOSTOMA Bl. Cleisostoma Kunstleri Hook. f. Icon. Pl. IV 4: pl. 2335. I refer to this species, which was originally collected at Perak by Kunstler, material from the Island of Polillo. Leaves coriaceous, oblong, at the apex unequally bilobed, 2 dm long, 3—4.4 cm wide. ‘Scape terete, 2.5 mm in diameter. Bracts few, obtuse, 5 mm long. Inflorescence laxly paniculate, many-flowered. Floral bracts minute, acute, much shorter than the pedicels of the purplish flowers. Lateral sepals oblong, obtuse, 3.5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide. Upper sepal oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse, 5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, 4.5—5 mm long, 1mm wide. Labelluwm saccate, 3-lobed. Sac scrotiform, 3 mm long, with a posterior scale within, the scale oblong, membranaceous, bifid at the tip, each division obscurely emarginate. Lateral lobes minute, triangular, less than 1 mm long, middle lobe suborbicular, 1.5 mm long. Poritto, Bur. Sci. 10444 Rh. C. McGregor, September 25, 1909, on tree trunks. 286. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. (§ Cirrhopetalum). Bulbophyllum chryseum comb. noy. Cirrhopetalum chryseum Kriinzl. in Fedde Rep. 8: 97. This is a member of the section Cirrhopetalum, characterized by a solitary flower at the summit of the scape. The only other described species from the Philippines which are thus characterized are the ones very briefly described by Lindley, namely B. antenniferum and B. masillare, which are remarkable on account of their very large flowers. I have not seen the type of B. chrysewm but my material agrees almost in detail with Kriinzlin’s description. Furthermore the collections in the Bureau of Science Herbarium contain no other species of the small, single flowered type which belongs to § Cirrhopetalum that would indicate B. chrysewm to be one of a group. Consequently I am morally sure that my identification is correct. The only other described species of § Cirrhopetalum from the Philippines, char- acterized by a solitary flower, are the two mentioned above, and these are sharply distinguished by the extraordinary size of their flowers, these being among the largest in the section. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, III. 5D I have seen no material from the Philippines which agrees with B. anten- mferum and B. mawillare. In the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science there are two plants which approach them in aspect but which represent very different species. My knowledge of B. antenniferum and B. mawillare is based on sketches of the types kindly given to me by Doctor Prain. Luzon, Rizal Province, Bur. Sci. 3076 Maximo Ramos, flowers yellow. (Speci- men flowering in Manila, January 21, 1908). Bulbophyllum Cumingjii Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6: 261. Cirrhopetalum Cumingii Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843 sub t. 49; Bot. Mag. ¢. 4996. This species which Lindley described from specimens collected in the Phil- ippines by Cuming is apparently a rarity. The tetragonal’ pseudobulbs, oblong, coriaceous leaves, elongated scape and umbel of purplish flowers are char- acteristic. NecrRos, Cadiz, Bur. Sci. 7334 A. Celestino, March, 1909, For. Bur. 5227 Danao & Aspillera, June, 1906. Bulbophyllum Makoyanum Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, 1: 234 in note. Cirrhopetalum Makoyanum Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, 1: 234; Bot. Mag. t. 7259... , This interesting species, which differs chiefly in color and minor details from B. Cumingii, has been discovered in the Philippines. The umbels of yellow flowers spotted with purple, which, according to the collector’s notes, give the plant the aspect of a sun-flower, are very distinctive. The elongated, narrowly linear lateral sepals radiate from the center of the umbel. The petals and upper sepal are fringed with yellow hairs. The labellum is fleshy and smooth. B. fimbriatum, which is a closely allied species, has two conspicuous teeth at the summit of the column. PouiLLo, Bur. Sci. 10458 R. C. McGregor, September 28, 1909, flowers pale- yellow speckled with burnt-carmine. MINDANAO, Rev. R. F. Black s. n. 299. DIPODIUM R. Br. Dipodium paludosum Reichb. f. Xenia 2: 15. There are two specimens in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science which according to materials at hand appear to be referable to this species, one from Negros, the other from Mindanao. The details of the labellum agree with the figure in the “Botanical Magazine” (t. 7464), although the lateral lobes or teeth are rather longer, measuring 4 mm in length. Unfortunately I possess no authentic material of D. paludosum, consequently my identification is not so sure as I could wish. The identity of the genus, however, is beyond doubt and its addition to the Philippine flora through the specimens under consideration is of importance. Mrinpanao, Province of Surigao, F. H. Bolster, September, 1906. NrcGros, Hi- mugaan, River, For. Bur. 7313 H. D. Everett, April 10, 1907, 20 m altitude above the sea. 376. LUISIA Gaudich. Luisia Ramosii sp. nov. Planta +3 dm alta. Caulis plus minus 4 mm in crassitudine, vaginis foliorum tectus. Jolia teretia, obtusa, in sicco valde rugosa, plus minus 1 dm longa, in sicco usque ad 3 mm in crassitudine, erecta vel adscen- dentia. Vaginae tubulosae, substriatae, persistentes.* Flores flavidi, labello purpureo. Pedunculi breves, crassi, 2 cm longi. Bracteae inflo- D6 AMES. rescentiae rvigidae, obtusae. Sepala lateralia cymbiformia, oblonga, cari- nata, 6 mm longa, 3 mm lata; carina in apiculum uncinatum producta. Sepalum dorsale elliptico-lanceolatum, 3-nervium, obtusum, 6 mm longum, 3.5 mm latum, breviter apiculatum. Petala falcato-ovata, obtusa, 3-nervia, 6 mm longa, 4 mm lata, nervis lateralibus ramosis. JLabellum trilobum, 6 mm longum ; lobus medius triangulari-ovatus, 4 mm longus, 5 mm latus; lobi laterales erecti columnam amplectentes, rotundati, 2 mm longi, 2 mm lati. Colwmna crassa. Luzon, Cagayan Province, Bur. Sci. 7970 Maximo Ramos, April 20, 1909. - Luisia Ramosii is a stout plant, in habit similar to L. teretifolia. The lateral sepals are strongly keeled near the apex, the keel passing into an elongated, uncinate apicula. Three species of Luisia are now known to be natives of the Philippine Is- lands: L. valida Reichb. f., L. Foxworthyi Ames and the present one. Of these L. valida is not known to me. The description does not agree with any of the Philippine material I have examined, still its brevity leaves much to be desired. . 402. TAENIOPHYLLUM Bl. Taeniophyllum Merrillii sp. nov. Radices crassae, numerosae, plus minus 4 mm in crassitudine. Folia O. Scapus filiformis, usque ad 1.7 cm longus, hispidulus, nudus. Flores albi. Racemus brevis, 3-4:mm longus. Bracteae minutae 0.5 mm longae. Pediceli plus minus 1 mm longi. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, 1-nervia, 1.25-1.5 mm longa, 0.75 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale lineari- oblongum. Petala lanceolata, 1 mm longa. Sepala lateralia petalaque prope basim connata. Labellum saccatum, integerrimum, 3 mm longum, ad apicem rotundatum. Luzon, Provirice of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3878, August, 1904, alti- tude above sea level about 800 m. This is a curious species composed of fleshy yellow-green roots 3-7 cm long, and filiform scapes. The minute flowers appear to open in succession. The lateral sepals appear to arise wholly from the lip and look like lateral lobes as their middle nerve continues from the base into the sae. a ae Order Mo, 405. STUDIES IN MORO HISTORY, LAW, AND RELIGION. By Nasers M. SALEEBY. 107 pages. 16 illustrations. 6 diagrams. A Treatise on the history and customs of the Moro People. Price $0.25, United States currency. Order No. 408. A VOCABULARY OF THE IGOROT LANGUAGE AS SPOKEN BY THE BONTOC IGOROTS. By the Rev. WALTER CLAYTON CLAPP: Igorot-English and English-Igorot. Price $0.75, United States currency. Order Mo, 108. A MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. By RicHarp C. MoGREGor. 769 pages. In two parts. 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Cloth, $3. 50;" paper, $2. 50 United States currency, postpaid. the proceedings of this International Conference and information gained therefrom, together: with the results of certain’ bacteriological investigations, constitute the present. report. Nothing hitherto has been published which gives such a complete and sompreneneie account ' At “of the entire. subject of pneumonic plague. sta Delegates from America (United States of), AatiacHuagaey, France, Repay Great Britain, oa “Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Russia, and China attended the Conference. : ‘The Bureau of Science of the Government of the Philippine Islands has. been appointed sole — agent Ae the distribution. of the printed proceedings of the bipecnetionsl Plague Conferenoe.. THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN THE ISLAND OF NEGROS. _ By Herpert S. WALKER. ; 145 pages, 10 plates, 1 map. Order: No. 412. Pe Paper, $1.25 United eestes’y currency, aaa: - Considered from the x vieapotek ot Aractléal utility, Mr. Walker’s Sugar Industry in the Island gate Rae ae Negros is one of the most important papers published by the Bureau of Science. . ‘This volume ~ See iS ai real contribution to the subject; it is not a mere compilation, for the author was in the field. >” and. ‘understands the conditions: of which he writes. The following is a brief ‘synopsis of the ; contents: Ba ae remy. veh Tables of soil Sranihs both chemical and physical; Snalyees of the cane, juice and bagasse; Ph tenant Oy F ‘estimates based on actual information as’to the costs of production and of cultivation; and esti- ~~ cs ~ mates: of the cost and location of possible central factories. The island. is considered by sugar- producing ‘districts; the: area of cultivation and the production per heotare.- are given, and the’: _» possibility’ for future expansion discussed. ’ The plates illustrate various phases of sugar siblis ry from the cultivation of the field to ‘the be s transportation. of. epee in native sailboats. A MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE SILK CULTURE. By CHARLES S. BANKS. 53 pages, 20 plates. ' PA iat Sed ee ES en rs “Order No. PVE echinacea . ‘Paper, $0.75 United States ourrenoy, postoaid. ef The silk anand is particularly adapted to be undertaken by persons with small dapital, and Ss like’ the’ making of hats in the Philippine Islands it should thrive with a little encouragement, . “In A Manual of Philippine Silk Culture we have presented the results of several years’ notin, ys work with silk-producing larve together with. a description of the new Philippine race.” Half-tone: da pitiys plates illustrate jn natural size silkworms in different stages of development, pupa, ‘adult moths, Sp te ‘samples of cloth made from eri silk,’ hand reel, and’ silk house... Other Plates, ifustrate, the various appliances used in raising silkworms and in spinning silk; hand and power. reels are. : usteateta Working drawings are given fof: a silk house and for a hand reel, vk ori) Pe) ex ee beat ata THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE C. BOTANY VoL. VII APRIL, 1912 No. 1 NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, IV. By OAKES AMES. (From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U.S. A.) The following paper contains descriptions of twenty-seven new species from the Philippine Islands, one genus, heretofore unrecorded as a native of the Philippines, and one species, namely Dendrobium angustifolium Blume, a native of Java, Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsula, which is an addition to the list of Philippine plants. Cestichis Cumingii (Ridley) Ames is here included as a distinct species. In Orchidaceae 1:13, doubts were expressed as to its distinctness from C. compressa. From careful studies of C. com- pressa, as represented by Javan material, and of C. Cumingjii, as represented by the specimens collected by Weber on Mount Mariveles, I am convinced that two species are before us. What . is true of C. Cumingii is true of numerous other Philippine or- chids which have close allies in Java and the Malay Peninsula. A general similarity undoubtedly exists, but comparative studies of each individual case show differences, the sum of which in- dicate clearly that there are constant differentiating traits of specific value. This fact becomes more and more apparent with each case studied and makes it seem highly probable that many Philippine plants which have been referred to extra-limital species will be found, after critical examination, to be distinct 108801 y) AMES. and endemic. An interesting example of this is offered by the genus Dendrochilum in the Philippines, which is composed en- tirely of endemic species, if we exclude one or two which have been ascribed to the Philippines conjecturally on evidence too slight for recognition. HABENARIA Willd. Habenaria Curranii sp. nov. Planta 6 dm alta, foliis paulum infra medium partem caulis congestis, lanceolatis, acuminatis. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, vel lineari-lanceolata, aristata, sepalum superius simile, lanceo- latum, acuminatum, cucullatum. Petala bipartita, lacinia pos- terior linearia, lacinia anterior posteriori similis sed longior, 4.5 em longa. Labellum usque ad basim tripartitum; laciniae laterales media longiores, filiformes; lacinia media 1.7 cm longa. Calcar prope apicem subdilatatum, processus stigmatis promi- nentes. Plant tall, slender throughout, leaves five or more, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, acute, 7.5 to 11 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, clustered near the middle of the stem or lower, about 2 dm above the roots. Bracts of the stem sheathing, those above the leaves acuminate, aristate, about 2 cm long. Raceme slender, elongated, smooth, many-flowered (about 20), flowers greenish. Bracts of the inflorescence aristate, about equaling the flowers, ovary and pedicel about 2 cm long, smooth. Lateral sepals spreading, narrowly lanceolate, 3-nerved, acuminate, aristate, about 1 cm long, 2 mm wide. Upper sepal similar to but shorter than the laterals, 7.5 mm long. Petals bipartite, posterior divi- sion (free from the dorsal sepal?) linear, 1 cm long, anterior division filiform, 4.5 cm long. Labellum tripartite, lateral divi- stons much longer than the middle one, filiform, about 4 cm long (!), middle division broader than the laterals, about 0.5 mm wide, 1.7 cm long. Stigmatic processes elongated, tapering, longer than the anther-canals. Spwr stout, somewhat inflated near the tip, about 2.4 cm long. Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Lalloc, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 17138, February 22, 1909: Benguet Subprovince, Sablan, E. Fénix, Bur. Sci. 12578, December 6, 1910. Similar in habit to H. ponerostachys Reichb. f., but unlike that species in the size and structure of the flowers. It is also like H. aristulifera Reichb. f., but the floral divisions are conspicuously longer in H. Curraniti. Habenaria Delessertiana Kranz]. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 1: 233. Kranzlin cites Cuming’s 2086 as the type of this species, but under Habenaria muricata Vidal (H. hystrix Ames) he also cites this number of NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 3 the same collection without any allusion to a mixture having been made in the distribution of Cuming’s specimens. In my studies of the material collected for the Bureau of Science I have examined two series of specimens which are clearly referable to H. Delessertiana, being chiefly characterized by the linear petals, protuberant in part at the base, by the aristate sepals, and by the middle lobe of the labellum being about one-fourth longer than the lateral lobes. Another characteristic is the crowding of the oblong-lanceo- late leaves near the middle of the stem. All of the material distributed as 2086 of Cuming’s collections which I have examined is referable to Habenaria hystrix, and as H. muricata Vidal this number is listed in “Phanerogamae Cumingianae Philippinarum.” (H. muricata is a synonym of H. hystrix). Kranzlin cites “Calananz?” as the habitat of H. Delessertiana. The material from Luzon which I have examined was collected at Calauan (written on the field label as Calauang). May not the localities in question be identical, Kranzlin’s “Calananz?” being the same as Calauang?’ Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, R. C. McGregor, Bur. Sci. 12407, November 30, 1910. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 865, November, 1906. Habenaria Mearnsii sp. nov. Habitu H. clavellatae (Michx.) Spreng. haud dissimilis. Folia oblongi-elliptica et lineari-lanceolata. Bracteae inflorescentiae ovariis longiores, excedentes flores infimos. Sepala lateralia lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, subfalcata. Sepalum superius ellipticum, obtusum. Petala simplicia, oblonga, obtusa. Label- lum simplex, linearis; prope basim labelli tuberculum. Calcar ovario brevius. Tuberoids fleshy (8 ?). Plants 1.4 to 3.6 dm tall, strict, few- leaved, in leafage somewhat resembling H. clavellata (Michx.) Spreng. Lowermost leaf elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 4 to 7 cm long, 1.8 to 2 cm wide, much longer than those above it, which are bract-like and about 4 in number. Upper leaves linear, acute, the uppermost one about 1 cm long, linear, acute. Floral bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, lower ones exceeding the flowers. Raceme 4.7 cm long, many-flowered, flowers pale-green. Lateral sepals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, subfalcate, obtuse, 3.5 mm long, about 2 mm wide near the base. Upper sepal elliptic, obtuse, 3 mm long. Petals simple, oblong, obtuse, 3 mm long, 1.25 mm wide. Labellum 4mm long, 1 mm wide, simple, fleshy, linear, tapering toward the tip, with a fleshy retrorse callus or *“Calananz”’ is unquestionably a misprint for Calauan, or Calauang as it is frequently spelled. Cuming collected in Calauan from the end of Sep- tember to the 15th of December, 1836, according to a letter written by him from Manila Dec. 24, 1836, to Sir W. J. Hooker, now preserved in Hooker’s correspondence at Kew. There is no town by the name of Calananz in the Philippines. E. D. M. 4 AMES. protuberance near the base. Spur 5 to 6 mm long, slender, not at all inflated. Stigmatic processes wanting or very much reduced. Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, Major E. A. Mearns, Bur. Sci. 4813, July, 1907; Mount Pulog, R. C. McGregor, Bur. Sci. 8815, 8835, in grass lands hear the summit, July 3 and 4, 1909. H. Mearnsii is similar in its leafage and general appearance to H. clavellata (Michx.) Spreng., although totally dissimilar in the details of the inflorescence. The gyno- stemium of the flowers examined was so pressed out of shape that it was impossible to describe it with fullness. Habenaria ponerostachys Reichb. f. in Bonplandia 3: 213; Kranzlin in Engler’s Jahrb. 16: 179; Gen. et Sp. Orch. 1: 385. This species was described by Reichenbach in 1855 from material coll. cted in the Philippines by Hugh Cuming (no. 2095). The next reference to the species was made by Kranzlin in Engler’s “Jahrbiicher” and subsequently in “Genera et Species Orchidacearum.” In the Herbarium of the British Museum of Natural History there is one of Cuming’s specimens from the Philippines (no. 2095) which it is reasonable to suppose represents H. ponerostachys, but in several details it is not in agreement with Reichen- bach’s description. Kranzlin’s description, on the other hand, is quite satisfactory. In Engler’s “Jahrbiicher,” Kranzlin states that Reichenbach drew up his description from a depauperate specimen preserved in the Boissier Herbarium. In April, 1910, Mr. Merrill secured specimens from the Island of Negros which are almost a perfect match for the specimen of Cuming 2095, preserved in the British Museum of Natural History. These, I believe, are clearly referable to H. ponerostachys. DESCRIPTION: Plant 2 to 5 dm tall, very slender, with several sheathing, obtuse or acute bracts below the leaves. Leaves clus- tered 7 to 14 cm above the stout fieshy roots, lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate, acute, shortly aristate, 3 to 9 em long, 1.6 to 2.7 em wide. Spicate raceme 6 to 25 em long, very slender, many- flowered. Bracts lanceolate, erect, acute, 5 to 10 mm long, about equaling the matured capsules. Lateral sepals elliptic, 2.5 to 3 mm long, about 1.5 mm wide. Upper sepal ovate, about equal to the laterals. Petals asymmetrically ovate, blunt, 1—-nerved, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, simple. Labellum 3-lobed, similar to that of Peristylus tentaculatus J. J. Smith, 3 mm long to tip of middle lobe. Lateral lobes linear, longer than the middle one, abruptly curved at the tip, 2 mm long. Middle lobe gradually tapering to the obtuse tip, 1.5 mm long, about 1 mm wide. Spur longer than the lip, slender at base, dilated toward the tip, about 5 mm long. NEGROS, Canlaon Volcano, Elmer D. Merrill 7022, April, 1910. Terres- trial, on forested ridges, about 1500 m above sea level, flowers greenish- white. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 5 Habenaria Robinsonii sp. nov. Folia linearia, acuta. Bvracteae aristatae. Pedunculus glab- ratus. Flores albi, 1 ad 4. Bracteae inflorescentiae aristatae. Sepala lateralia oblongi-ovata, subacuta, 3-nervia. Sepalum su- perius cucullatum, obtusum. Petala spathulata, obtusa, 1-nervia. Labellum 4-lobatum; lobi laterales cuneati, truncati, lobi termi- nales rotundati. Calcar 4.7 em longum. Whole plant from 10 to 27 cm high (including the inflo- rescence). Bulbs elongated, roots fleshy. Leaves linear, acu- minate, 5 to 13 cm long, 4 to 9 mm wide (average about 6 mm), slightly contracted at the base, sheathing, passing rather abruptly into the sheathing, aristate bracts. Bracts 3 or more, 2 to 3.5 ecm long, long-aristate. Raceme glabrous, slender, flowers 1 to 4 (rarely 4). Floral bracts 2 to 3 cm long, aristate, sheathing. Pedicel, together with the ovary, about 2 cm long, — glabrous. Flowers large, white (in general aspect recalling H. militaris). Lateral sepals deflexed, oblong-ovate, subacute, 3-nerved, about 7 mm long, 4 mm wide. Upper sepal cucullate, obtuse, about 8 mm long. Petals simple, spathulate, rounded at the apex, l-nerved, 8 mm long, 2 mm wide near tip. Labellum very large in comparison with the other perianth-organs, about 2 em long, 2.5 em wide, four-lobed, basal lobes cuneate, the free end obliquely truncated, 12 mm long, 9 mm wide at the tip, many-nerved. Front lobes separated from the basal ones by a narrow isthmus 3 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, semi-rotund, margin slightly crenulate. (The front lobes might be more properly designated as the bifid or cleft middle lobe of the lip.) Stigmatic processes prominent, tapering, somewhat decurved, 2.5 mm long. Spur slender, longer than the ovary, 4.7 cm long. Luzon, Province of Laguna, Molauin River, C. B. Robinson, Bur. Sci. 9666, Feb. 2, 1910, on rocks in the river, 50 to 150 m above sea level; Elmer D, Merrill 6206, Feb. 9, on mossy boulders in stream bed. This very beautiful species bears a striking similarity to H. militaris from which it is readily distinguished by its very different leaves, long- aristate bracts, and white flowers. Habenaria rosulata sp. nov. Folia rosulata, linearia, acuta. Bracteae aristatae. Flores 3 vel 4, albi. Bracteae inflorescentiae acutae, ovariis breviores. Sepala lateralia ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, subacuta. Sepalwm superius ovatum. Petala linearia, 1-nervia, obtusa, simplicia. Labellum tripartitum, laciniae laterales media longiores. Calcar inflatum, processus stigmatis hippocrépiformes. Plant 1 to 2 dm tall, slender. Roots fleshy. Leaves rosulate, about 5, linear, acute, suberect or spreading, 2 to 4.5 cm long, 6 AMES. 2 to 5 mm wide, acuminate, acute. Bracts sheathing, 3 or 4, aristate, 5 to 10 mm long. Flowers few, 2 to 4, white. Floral bracts about 5 mm long, about one-third as long as the pedicel and ovary, aristate. Lateral sepals narrowly ovate, subacute, larger than the dorsal one, about 7 mm long, by 3 mm wide. Upper sepal ovate, cucullate, about 5 mm long. Petals simple, linear, 1-nerved, obtuse, 6 mm long, 1 mm wide. Labellum tripartite nearly to the base, divisions filiform, about equally wide, the laterals longer than the middle one, laterals about 1.3 cm long, middle division 7 mm long, 0.56 mm wide. Spur about 13 mm long, slender near the opening, dilated from about the middle, resembling the abdomen of an ichnéeumon fly. Anther canals about equaling the stigmatic processes. Stigmatic processes cylindric, hippocrepiform. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Quinatacutan, Foxworthy & Ramos, Bur. Sci. 18208, on rocks at the edge of the stream, 75 m above sea level. Described in collector’s note as “tuber-bearing or with fleshy roots.” This species, which I have been unable to refer to any described Habe- naria, belongs, in my opinion, to the § Diphyllae. The flowers resemble those of H. falcigera, H. diphylla, etc., but the foliage is quite characteristic. GASTRODIA R. Br. Gastrodia javanica (Bl.) Lindl. PALAWAN, Napsahan, on the west coast, Elmer D. Merrill 7233, Sptember 19, 1910. “About rotten stumps along trail in dense forest. Petals yellowish, whole plant brownish, with purplish tinge; a very brittle, suc- culent, leafless saprophyte.” The genus Gastrodia has not, heretofore, been recorded as a native of the Philippines. KUHLHASSELTIA J. J. Smith. Kuhthasseltia Merrillii Schlechter in Fedde Repert. 9 (1911) 487. Haemaria Merrillii Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 315; Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 21, pl. 30. Doctor Schlechter, loc. cit., refers to J. J. Smith’s recently established genus Kuhlhasseltia (1910) the species which, with hesitation, I described under the genus Haemaria, in my paper on the orchids collected on Mount Halcon. As stated in “Orchidaceae”? the genera which constitute the group to which Haemaria belongs are differentiated by means of characters which are not only of questionable value, in my opinion, but which are extremely perplexing when it is attempted to place in its proper position a new species of the Neottiinae-Physureae. As defined by J. J. Smith the genus Kuhlhasseltia includes Haemaria Merrillii and Doctor Schlechter is undoubtedly correct in his views expressed in Fedde’s “Repertorium.” But what do we gain at the present time by multiplying the genera of this puzzling section of the Orchidaceae ? It would seem that an exhaus- tive monograph of the Neottiinae-Physureae should be produced before the number of genera is inordinately increased. OA NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 7 TROPIDIA Lindl. Tropidia calcarata sp. nov. Folia 1 (-2), ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineares. Flores albi in racemo laxo. Sepala lateralia connata, scrotum conspicuum efficientia, basim labelli includens, partes terminales liberae, 3 mm longae, acutae. Sep- alum superius anguste lineari-lanceolatum. Petala lanceolata, subacuta vel obtusa. Labellwm integerrimum, lanceolatum, carin- atum, calcar breve ad apicem obtusum. Related to T. angulosa Bl. Terrestrial,2to3dmhigh. Stems slender, about 2 mm thick, sheathed with obtuse, tubular bracts, 1.5 to 3.4 cm long. Leaves 1 or 2 (only one bifoliate specimen among the three examined) sheathing at the base, ovate-lanceo- late, acuminate, acute, many-nerved, when mature about 1 dm long, about 5 cm wide. Peduncles terminal, shorter than the leaves, erect, 5 to 9 cm long, slender; floral bracts linear about 1 em long. Racemes3to5cmlong. Flowers white, 1.3 to 1.8 cm long. Lateral sepals connate beyond the middle, at the base forming a conical spur 3 mm long which encloses the spur of the labellum, free portion about 3 mm long, acute. Upper sepal linear, acute, about 1 cm long. Petals lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, 1 cm long, 2.5 mm wide near the base, mid-nerve prom- inent. Labellum slightly sigmoid, calcarate, lamina lanceolate, the apex very slightly cucullate. Just below the middle, near the margin, two inconspicuous longitudinally extended keels are situated. Main nerves three in number, slightly prominent. Spur obtuse, about 2 mm long, curving slightly toward the ovary, blunt. Gynostemium 7 mm long, rostellum bifid, exceeding the acuminate anther. Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Elmer D. Merrill 7144, September 2, 1910. “Rare, only three plants seen.” Tropidia calcarata is very near T. angulosa Blume, but distinguishable from it by the leafage and by the carinae of the lip. Unfortunately I have seen very little material of 7. angulosa and my knowledge of it is chiefly based on descriptions and plates. The material from which the above description was taken consists of three specimens. The unifoliate character appears to be normal. In the single case where two leaves terminate the stem, one of them is very small and bract-like. CESTICHIS Pfitzer. Cestichis Cumingii (Ridley) Ames Orchidaceae 1: 13. Liparis Cumingii Ridley Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 292. What I blieve to be this species is well represented by specimens from Mount Mariveles, recently collected by C. M. Weber. The suborbicular lip with a minute tooth at the obscurely retuse tip, the very characteristic inflorescence, and the broad, somewhat oblanceolate leaves, agree very well 8 AMES. with the specimen collected by Cuming (no. 2141) preserved in the Her- barium of the British Museum of Natural History. This species should not be confused with Cestichis compressa which is a much larger plant with a larger lip. That C. compressa is very closely allied to C. Cumingit can not be denied, but for the present it seems wise to regard them specifically distinct. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, C. M. Weber 26, Feb- ruary 9, 1911. On trees in mossy forest, about 800 m above sea level. OBERONIA Lindl. Oberonia benguetensis sp. nov. Folia ensiformia, acuta, ad basim imbricata. Pedunculus elongatus, multo folia excedens, multibracteatus. Bracteae cir- citer 2 mm longae, setaceae. Racemus gracilis. Flores flavidi, minuti, circiter 1 mm longi.’ Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata. Sepalum superius triangulum. Petaia linearia, attenuata. Lab- ellum ad basim rotundatum, oblongum, ad apicem bilobum; lobi minuti, valde separati. Roots fibrous. Plants diminutive, about 4 cm high to the tip of the tallest leaf, stem very short. eaves ensiform or some- what falcate, acute, the largest about 3 cm long and 4 mm across from edge to edge, fleshy. Peduncle up to 1 dm long, much longer than the leaves, beset with numerous, spreading, setaceous bracts 2 mm long. Raceme somewhat drooping, about 5 cm long, 5 mm in diameter at the base when in flower. Flowers yellowish, irregularly verticellate, minute, exceeding the bracts. Floral bracts linear-acute, about 2 mm long, margin minutely denticulate. Pedicel and ovary 2 mm long, smooth. Lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, concave, about 1 mm long. Upper sepal triangular, subacute (half lanceolate). Petals linear-lanceolate, tapering gradually from the base to the subacute tip. Labellum rounded at the base, 1 mm long, from about the middle to the tip oblong, each distal angle produced into a diminutive blunt lobe, recalling, although vaguely, Oberonia similis Lindl. (which ° is, however, lobed at the base), lobes about 0.5 mm apart. Column minute. « Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Suyoc to Pauai, Elmer D. Merrill 4855, November 7,1905. Epiphytic in mossy forest about 2,200 m above sea level. Oberonia hispidula sp. noy. Aff. O. mindorensi speciei quam habitu et structura haec species conspicus simulat. Folia imbricata, ensiformia. Pedunculus elongatus, gracilis. Racemus densiflorus. Bracteae aristatae. Sepala lateralia ovata. Sepalum superius simile. Petala ovata, NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 9 integerrima. Labellum pandurata, ad apicem bilobum, lobi ro- tundi. Ovarium hispidulum. Plants caulescent, similar to Oberonia mindorensis Ames, but different in the lobing of the lip, different petals and shorter pedicels. From base to tip of uppermost leaf, between 1 and 2 dm tall. Leaves imbricating, ensiform, about 4 cm long, free portion spreading, somewhat recurved, 1 to 4 cm long, about 1 em deep where it forms an angle with the stem. Peduncle long, slender, about 1 dm long, about 4 mm through when the flowers are expanding. Bracts linear-lanceolate, aristate, equaling or slightly exceeding the flowers. Flowers greenish, approximate. Lateral sepals ovate, 0.75 mm long. Upper sepal similar to the laterals and about equal to them in size. Petals entire, ovate, obtuse, about 0.5 mm long. Labellum pandurate, 1 mm long, nearly 1 mm wide across the tip, margin entire, deeply retuse at the apex, or cleft into two, rounded, terminal, slightly divaricate lobes. Pedicel and ovary 1.5 mm long. Ovary hispidulous. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 5124, August 20, 1906. Oberonia Merrillii sp. nov. Planta parvula. Folia ensiformia, acuta. Pedunculus gra- cilis. Racemus elongatus. Flores verticellati. Bracteae an- gustatae, acutae. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae prope apicem, 2-dentatae. Sepala lateralia rotundata. Sepalum sup- erius ovato-oblongum. Petala orbiculata, denticulata. Label- lum 3-lobatum. Lobi laterales minuti, rotundati, lobus medius subquadratus. Coluwmna minuta. Plant’ up to 9 cm tall from copious fibrous roots, acaulescent or with the stem very short, less than one quarter as long as the leaves. Leaves fleshy, equitant, ensiform, acute, 2.5 to 7 cm long, about 5 mm wide seen from the side, shorter than the inflorescence. Peduncle slender, 7 to 12 cm long, spike 4 to 9 em long, about 4 mm in diameter when the flowers are fully expanded, below the spike beset with numerous, linear, spreading bracts 2 mm long; floral bracts lanceolate, acute, near the tip angled or 1-toothed on each side. Flowers minute, reddish, * verticellate, or subverticellate, verticels 2 to 3mm apart. Pedicel and ovary about 1.5 mm long, slender. Lateral sepals rotundate or round-ovate, obtuse, 0.75 mm long. Upper sepal ovate-oblong, obtuse, about 1mm long. Petals rotund, 0.75 mm long, 0.75 mm wide, margin minutely denticulate. Labelium 3-lobed, 0.75 mm long. Lateral lobes minute, smaller than the middle lobe, a AMES. roundish, margin irregular; middle lobe subquadrate, 0.75 mm long, 0.75 mm wide. Column minute, clinandrium entire (?). Luzon, Manila and vicinity (Masambong), Elmer D. Merrill 7348, No- vember 6, 1910, on trees, 6 to 8 m above sea level: Province of Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, R. C. McGregor, Bur. Sci. 5298, September, 1908. . Oberonia setigera sp. nov. Planta parvula. Folia ensiformia vel subfalcata, obtusa vel acuta. Pedunculus elongatus. Bracteae setiformes. Sepala lat- eralia ovato-lanceolata. Sepalum superius lanceolatum, acumi- natum. Petala serrulata. Labellum 3-lobatum; lobi laterales majores valde dentati; lobus medius subquadratus, integer. Roots fibrous. Plants caulescent, 6 cm tall to tip of uppermost leaf. Leaves equitant, ensiform or somewhat falcate, obtuse or acute, 2 to 4.5 em long, 5 to 7 mm wide. Peduncle 12 cm long, thickly beset below the raceme with setiform bracts nearly 1 cm long. Raceme densely many-flowered, about 7 mm in diameter when in fruit. Floral bracts very long, setiform, longer than the flowers, clustered at intervals. Flowers laven- der, minute, clustered at intervals, but the clusters approximate. Lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, about 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Upper sepal lanceolate, acuminate, slightly exceeding 1 mm in width. Petals fimbriate, oblanceolate, obtuse, 1mm long. Lab- ellum about 1 mm long, 3-lobed, lateral lobes much larger than the middle one, each with the margin broken up into about 7 finger-like divisions. Middle lobe minute, subquadrate. Column minute, clinandrium entire. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Mount Mariveles, H. N. Whitford 1122, March 3, 1905. The flowers of Oberonia setigera are similar to those of O. Griffithiana Lindl., but the middle lobe of the labellum is quite distinct and the setiform bracts constitute an unmistakable differentiating character. PHAIUS Lour. Phaius linearifolius sp. nov. Folia 5, linearia, elongata, acuta. Sc&pus erectus, bracteis tubularibus vestitus. Bracteae inflorescentiae persistentes. Flores flavi. Sepala lateralia oblonga, falcata. Sepalum su- perius oblongi-lanceolatum, obtusum. Petala ovato-lanceolata. Labellum 3-lobatum ; lobi laterales rotundati, obtusi, lobus medius crenulatus, retusus. Discus tricarinatus. Gynostemium arcua- to-ascendens, clavatum, antice canaliculatum, dorso gibbum, facie anteriore concaviusculum et dense villosum. Stem thickened at the base, somewhat rounded, tapering upward. Leaves about 5 in number, the lowermost one about 2 NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. ll dm above the ground, sheathing at the base, about 55 em long, 1.5 to 3 cm wide, linear, acuminate, acute, prominently 5-nerved. Scape erect, smooth, about 6 dm long, with four, closely ap- pressed, sheathing, acute bracts about 4 cm long. Floral bracts persistent, smooth, lanceolate, acute, 1.5 to 2.5 cm long. Flowers 5.5 cm in diameter when spread out, 6 to 15 in a loose raceme, the lowermost 4 cm apart. Pedicel and ovary 3 cm long, slender. Lateral sepals oblong, subacute, broadly falcate, 3 cm long, 1 to 2cm wide. Upper sepal lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, 3.5 cm long, 11 mm wide. Petals ovate-lanceolate, subfalcate, obtuse, 3.2 cm long, 1.4 cm wide. Labellum obscurely three-lobed, exclud- ing the short spur, about 2.5 cm long. Lateral lobes slightly shorter than the middle lobe, rounded, obtuse, obscurely cren- ulate, smooth. Middle lobe irregularly dentate, the margin crumpled or ruffled, deeply retuse at the rounded tip. Disk smooth, the three central nerves carinate above the middle, somewhat wavy, diminishing as they approach the tip. Spur cylindric, round-pointed, 7 mm long. Column comparatively stout, 1.5 cm long, hairy on the anterior surface. Pollinia 8. Flowers yellow, the ruffled margin of the middle lobe brownish. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1288, June 28, 1911, growing in brooks, 1,650 m above sea level. Phaius linearifolius belongs to the groups of which Phaius flavus is the best known species. I have refrained from identifying it with P. flavus as I find many points of dissimilarity between my material and the specimens of P. flavus examined, and also as none of the numerous diag- noses in literature describe my plants adequately, and as the illustrations of P. flavus fall far short of depicting them. CALANTHE R. Br. Calanthe lacerata sp. nov. Radices lanatae. Caules abbreviati. Folia anguste lanceo- lata, acuminata, acuta, plicata. Petiolus ad basim vaginans. Scapus foliis longior, gracilis, erectus, elongatus, tomentosus, bracteis bene appressis, vaginantibus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, pedicellis breviores. Sepala lateralia elliptico-lance- olata vel elliptica, acuta. Sepalum superius simile. Petala oblonga ad medium satis dilatata, ad apicem truncatum, apicu- latum. Labellum 4-lobatum, lobi inferiores oblongi, subfalcati, obtusi. Lobi anteriores divaricati, cuneati, flabellati, lacerati, papillosi. In disco ultra columnam utroque calli complanati. Calcar gracilis. Roots stout, lanate. Stem very short. Leaves about 4, about 2 dm long, up to 2 em wide, narrowly lanceolate, acute, plicate, 12 AMES. shorter than the scape, sheathing at base. Petiole narrow, sul- cate. Scape slender, tomentose, up to4dm long. Bracts closely appressed, sheathing, 1 to 2 cm long, acute, the lower ones subacute or rounded at the tip, sparsely pubescent. Raceme 4 to 9 em long, densely many-flowered, bracts of the raceme lance- olate, 6 to 10 mm long. Pedicel and ovary about 1.5 cm long, slender, exceeding the bracts. Flowers 1 to 1.5 cm across, odorless, white, labellum purplish. Lateral sepals elliptic-lan- ceolate, acute, 6 to 8 mm long, 3 to 5 mm wide. Petals oblong, slightly dilated near the middle, truncate, apiculate, 3-nerved, 5 to 8 mm long, 2.5 to 3.5 mm wide. Labellwm 1 cm long, 4-lobed. Basal lobes oblong, subfalcate, rounded at the tip, 4 mm long, about 2 mm wide, toothed in front, or almost entire, apical lobes 3 mm long, 3 mm wide across the tip, divaricate, cuneate, fla- bellate, margin Jacerate-dentate, papillate. In front of the col- umn on the disk two rows of flattened, elongated calli are sit- uated. Column about 3 mm long, fleshy; ovary pubescent. Spur cylindric, or subscrotiform, 4 to 5 mm long. Pollinia 8 (4 large, 4 small). Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Pauai, Elmer D. Merrill 4756, November 8, 1905, terrestrial in mossy forest along the trail, about 2,050 m above sea level: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banahao, H. N. Whitford 960, at 1,700 m above sea level: Lepanto Subprovince, Mount Data, Elmer D. Merrill 4582, November 4, 1905, in damp shaded ravine, mossy forest, about 2,100 m above sea level. The specimen collected on Mount Banahao, by Whitford, has broader leaves than the type (5 cm), but appears to be similar in the details of the flower. Calanthe Ramosii sp. nov. Planta foliosa. Folia oblongi-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, nervosa, in petiolum vaginantem angustata. Scapus tomentosus, elongatus, bracteis bene appressis, obtusis, vaginantibus, tubula- ribus. Bracteae inflorescentiae deciduae. Racemus laxus, pedi- cellus cum ovario pubescens. Sepala lateralia extus pubescen- tia, anguste lanceolata, acuminata. Sepalwm dorsale simile. Petala lineari-lanceolata, acuta. Labellum 3-lobatum. Lobi — laterales acuti. Lobus medius valde emarginatus, apiculatus, crenulatus. In disco ultra columna utroque callus carinatus. Calcar o. Plant leafy, from stout elongated roots. Stem thickened at base, attenuated, about 15 cm long, terminated by 8 to 5 leaves. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, acute, about 2 dm long, up to 3 cm wide, plicate, sheathing, conspicuously 5-nerved, with numerous less conspicuous nerves. Scape longer than the leaves, NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 13 finely pubescent above, with several, tubular, obtuse, sheathing, closely appressed bracts about 2 cm long. Raceme loosely flow- ered, bracts deciduous. Pedicels slender, finely pubescent, 1 cm long. Ovary pubescent, about 8 mm long. Color of the flowers not noted. Lateral sepals 11 mm long, 3 mm wide, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent. Upper sepal similar to the laterals and about equal to them. Petals 8 mm long, 2 mm wide, linear-lanceolate, acute, smooth. Labellwm 7 mm long, 3-lobed. Lateral lobes directed forward, 3 mm long, acuminate, acute, margin slightly crenulate. Middle lobe flabellate, deeply emar- ginate, apiculate, margin crenulate or blunt-toothed. Disk smooth with two semi-elliptic carinae one on each lateral nerve in front of the column, fleshy, pubescent. Spur none. Luzon, Province of Zambales, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 4987, December 14, 1907. ; EULOPHIA R. Br. Eulophia Vanoverberghii sp. nov. Planta gracilis. Folia? Racemus laxus, bracteae lineares. Pedicelli graciles. Sepala lateralia ligulato-oblonga, obtusa. Sepalum superius simile. Petala anguste elliptica. Labellum 3-lobatum; lobi laterales haud conspicui, minuti, obtusi, lobus medius oblongus, obtusus. Discus papillosus, ultra columnam utroque callus carinatus. Plants slender, 2 to 4 dm tall from a large corm. Scape sheathed at the base by several, nervose, tubular, imbricating bracts, near the middle 1- or 2-bracteate. (Leaves absent at flowering time, not seen.) Raceme loosely flowered, 10 to 15 em long. Bracts of the raceme linear, about 1 cm long, about equaling the pedicellate ovary, erect or slightly spreading. Pedicels slender, smooth, about 7 mm long; ovary smooth, about 5 mm long at the period of anthesis. Flowers about 1 cm long, erect. Lateral sepals 1.4 cm long, 3.5 mm wide, ligulate- oblong, obtuse, green. Upper sepal similar to the laterals, ‘slightly shorter. Petals 1 cm long, about 5 mm wide, narrowly elliptic, rounded at the tip, green. Labellum 1.3 cm long, 7 mm wide at the tip, oblong, very obscurely 3-lobed, the lateral lobes minute and inconspicuous, margin wavy or fluted, nerves papillose, disk bilamellate at base. Sac obtuse, 1 mm long. Column about 11 mm long. Pollinia 2. The labellum is de- scribed by the collector as being yellow and all the perianth organs as being marked with red lines. Luzon, Bontoe Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 336, April 2, 1910. “Root edible;”’ found 1,350 meters above sea level on hillocks. 14 AMES. DENDROBIUM Sw. Dendrobium albayense sp. nov. (§ Aporum, Hemiphylia). Cum D. cuneato Schltr. comparandum videtur, a quo tamen foliis differt. Caulis ad basim teres, foliosus, compressus, anceps. Folia disticha, lanceolata a latere visa. Sepala late- ralia triangulari-ovata, obtusa. Sepalum superius oblongum obtusum, subquadratum. Petala ligulata, obtusa. Labellum cuneatum ad apicem 3-lobatum. Lobi laterales divaricati, obtusi. Lobus medius obtusus. Prope apicem labelli callus bilobus. Mentum brevem, obtusum, rotundatum. Plants up to 3 dm in length, simple or with a few branches, leafy to about the middle, floriferous portion of the stem leafless. Leaves distichous, lanceolate, acute, when viewed from the side, 1.5 to 3 em long from tip to point of insertion; at the middle of the leafy part of the stem 1.5 cm long from tip to inner angle formed with the stem; free portion up to 1 cm wide. Lateral sepals fleshy, broad, triangular-ovate, subacute or obtuse, about 3.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide. Upper sepal fleshy, 3 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, rounded at the tip. Petals ligulate, obtuse, 3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Labellum equaling the lateral sepals, 3.5 mm wide at the tip, obscurely 3-lobed in front, lateral lobes divaricate, obtuse, about 1 mm long to the angle formed with middle lobe, middle lobe shorter than the laterals, obtuse, forming with the cuneate-bilobed callus above it a shallow pocket. Mentum rounded, about 1.5 mm long. Column 1 mm long. LuzON, Province of Albay, A. Loher 6018, June 26, 1905, plant flowering in Manila. “Flowers odorless, petals with purple lines.” Dendrobium angustifolium (Blume) Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 76. Desmotrichum angustifolium Blume Bijdr. 330; Krinzlin in Engl. Pflanzenreich 45 (1910) 350. The material which I refer to this species exhibits several slight variations from authentic specimens of D. angustifolium. These slight variations seem to me unimportant. I have exam- ined living material collected by Elmer D. Merrill on Mount Mariveles in 1905. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 708, 709, July 23, 1910: Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Mount Mariveles, R. S. Williams 674: Province of Rizal, San Isidro, M. Ramos, Bur. Sci. 12123, June 24, 1910. Dendrobium basilanense sp. nov. Caulis compressus, anceps. Folia disticha, lanceolata, acuta. Flores albi, terminales. Sepala lateralia, oblonga, acuta. Sep- NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 15 alum superius lanceolatum. Petala lineari-lanceolata. Label- lum lineari-oblongum, ad apicem bilobwm. In leafage and in the bilobed tip of the labellum similar to Dendrobium aloifolium Reichb. f. Stems simple or branching, 1 to 4 dm tall or even taller. Leaves distichous, extending along the stem from the base to the summit, gradually diminishing in size, from the point of insertion of the sheathing base to the tip 1 to 2 cm long (average somewhat exceeding 1.5 cm), free portion of the leaf lanceolate, acute, about 1 cm long from inner angle to tip. Inflorescence terminal, floriferous part of the stem up to 2 em long. Pedicels arising from small heads of minute bracts. Pedicel and ovary 3mm long. Lateral sepals 3 mm long, oblong, acute. Upper sepal 2.75 mm long, lanceo- late. Petals linear-lanceolate, 3-nerved, obtuse or subacute, 2.25 mm long, slightly less than 1 mm wide. Labellum 3 mm long, 1 mm wide at base, linear-oblong, slightly dilated below the middle, above the middle contracted, the tip deeply retuse, or cleft, the lobes 1 mm long, obtuse. At the point where the lip is contracted, a transversely situated fleshy callus occurs. Mentum obtuse, about 2 mm long. Column 1 mm long. BASILAN, W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 3968, January 23, 1906. Dendrobium basilanense is nearly allied to D. aloifolium, from which it is to be distinguished by the linear-oblong labellum, scarcely, if at all, broader near the middle than at the tip. In his monograph of the Dendrobiinae* Doctor Kranzlin cites D. Merrillii Ames Orch. 2: 181, as a synonym of D. aloifolium. I believe this is clearly the result of an error in judgment. D. Merrilliit is unlike D. aloifolium in leafage and has an entire or obscurely retuse middle lobe of the labellum. With the original description of D. Merrillii mention was made of two collections, one Merrill 3357, and one Loher 6017. On the sheet of Loher’s specimen in my herbarium I find in A. A. Eaton’s handwriting “Not aloifolium.”’ This note was made when Eaton and I were comparing the Philippine species of § Aporuwm with the specimens preserved at the British Museum of Natural History and at Kew. Doctor Kranzlin refers to Merrill 8357 in the geographical notes under D. aloifolium and from the exclamation mark after the number it would seem that he had examined the type. Yet, he makes no revision in the description of D. aloifolium which accounts for the inclusion of material which has a three-lobed labellum with the apical lobe oblong, and inconspicuously, if at all, retuse at the tip. D. merrillii Ames is also given by Krinzlin‘ under his “Species Dendrobii imperfecte notae.”’ Dendrobium Brongniartii Kranzl. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 45 (1910) 210. This is a robust species of § Aporum. The flowers are de- seribed by collectors some as white, some as yellow, others as * Engl. Pflanzenreich 45 (1910) 206. “j, e299: 16 AMES. reddish, but these differences are very likely the result of difference in age of the flower; the color turning from white to brown as it matures. In all cases I have been unable to identify the material at hand by an analysis of a flower, but where an examination has been possible the perianth organs agree with Krianzlin’s description. In a specimen collected by W. S. Lyon I was able to find perfect pollen masses. These are four in number. Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, F. W. Foxworthy, Bur. Sci. 3029, June 13, 1907, on stunted trees in small rocky desert, flowers white and fragrant, bracts yellow; Bur. Sci. 2617, April 26, 1907, on plain of coarse sand on trees: Province of Rizal, Ahern’s collector, For. Bur. $304, September, 1905; Bosoboso, M. Ramos, Bur. Sci. 5639, November 30, 1909, fils. pure white, bracts yellow; Montalban, W. Schultze, Bur. Sci. 5620, May 25, 1908, flower white, fragrant, basal bracts yellow: Province of Cagayan, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 16844, March 9, 1909: Province of Tayabas, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 9651, March 22, 1908: Province of Camarines, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 11345, May 10, 1908. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, F. H. Bolster 378, August 15, 1906, epiphyte on trees, flowers yellow: District of Davao, Malalag, Z. B. Copeland 692, March 28, 1904, ephiphyte, and on rocks over the sea: District of Zamboanga, H. N. Whitford and W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 9207, January, 1908, altitude above the sea 150 meters, flowers white. BASILAN, W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 4018, February 10, 1906, growing on tree near beach, flower brownish- yellow. Dendrobium Clemensiae sp. nov. Caules uniarticulati, monophylli. Folium oblongum. Sepala petalaque ad basim triangularia in caudas longas producta. La- bellum 3-lobatum costis 2 usque ad basim lobi medii percurren- tibus. Lobi laterales obtusi, parvi. Lobus medius linearis ad apicem dilatatus, acutus, medio papillosus. Stem uniarticulate, somewhat stouter at the base than at the tip, rugose when dry, 7 to 14 cm long, monophyllous. Leaf narrowly oblong, fleshy, rigid, unequally bilobed at the tip, 11 to 15 cm long, 11 to 14 mm wide. Peduncle slender, weak, about 5 cm long, 1-flowered, from the summit of the stem, ter- minal, sheathed by an elongated spathe 3.5 to 4 cm long. /ate- ral sepals about 5 cm long, triangular at the base, prolonged into a long, slender, filiform tail. Upper sepal similar to the laterals, about 5 cm long. Petals similar to the sepals, but shorter and more slender, about 4.5 cm long. Labellum up to 1.8 cm long, 3-lobed, suborbicular at base, abruptly continued from between the small, obtuse, lateral lobes into a linear, papil- lose limb which terminates in a lanceolate, membranaceous NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 17 lamina; orbicular base about 5 mm long, 6 to 7 mm wide, with a membranaceous, sulcate lamina on each side of the middle nerve which extends beyond the lateral lobes, the linear papil- lose portion about 1 cm long, lamina about 4 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Foot of the column 4 mm long. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 508, April, 1906: Necros, W. S. Lyon 40, December, 1907, “epiphyte, pedicel green, base of perianth pure white, prolongations of sepals and petals lemon-yellow.” This species, which is closely allied to Dendrobium filiforme J. J. Smith, belongs to the section which, in his recent monograph, Doctor Kranzlin has established as the genus Diplocaulobium, characterized by a uniarticulate stem, 3-lobed crested labellum, and ephemeral flowers. Dendrobium longi- colle Lindl., another species of this section, has been reported from the Philippines, but without sufficient authority. Dendrobium lunatum Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3 (1859) 4. In my preceding paper,’ I referred Dendrobium lunatum Lindl. to the synonymy of D. indivisum Miquel. Further studies have convinced me that this proceeding was a matter of mistaken judgment. From the material referred by me to D. indivisum, D. lunatum differs slightly in foliage and also slightly in the labellum. The leaves are not so spreading as in D. indivisum, their tips pointing more exactly in the same direction as the stem. The labellum of D. lunatum is not 3-lobed, although in my specimens it is hardly so reniform or lunate as shown in the sketch preserved with the Cuming specimen from the Philippines in Lindley’s Herbarium. The flowers of both species are whitish or yellowish with purple streaks. According to Kranzlin’s recent monograph Dendrobium indivisum Miquel (not Bl.) and D. distichum (Presl) Reichb. f., are conspecific. The specimens previously referred by me to D. indiviswm Miquel belong to D. distichum (Presl) Reichb. f. The specimens of D. lunatuwm which I have examined come from Palawan, F. W. Foxworthy, Bur. Sci. 907, May 6, 1906. Dendrobium MacGregorii sp. nov. (§ Aporum, Hemiphylia). Caulis ad basim teres, foliosus, compressus, anceps. Folia disticha, lanceolata, a latere visa lanceolata. Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, subacuta. Sepalum superius oblongi- ovatum, obtusum. Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa. Labellum cuneato-spathulatum, ad apicem trilobatum, lobi rotundati, ob- tusi, laterales obscuri, medius obtusus. Mentwm obtusum. Plants (somewhat resembling D. teloense J. J. Smith, but with very different leaves) leafy to about the middle, slender and nearly terete at the base, about 5 dm tall. Leaves about 3.5 cm long from the tip to point of insertion, 1.5 to 2 cm long from tip to angle formed by the inner edge of the leaf and *This Journal 6 (1911) Bot. 52. 108801——2 18 AMES. the stem, free portion lanceolate, acute, about 1 cm wide meas- ured perpendicularly. At about the middle of the stem the leaves suddenly decrease in size and give place to bract-like leaves 5 to 10 mm long, where they are free, which are closely appressed, their tips erect and nearly touching the stem. From the bases of these bracts, at intervals, the flowers break through. Flowers pale-yellowish-white with two lines of dark-carmine on the lip. Lateral sepals 3 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, subacute. Upper sepal oblong-ovate, obtuse,3 mm long. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, about 3 mm long, slightly less than 1 mm wide. Labellum cuneate-spathulate, 3-lobed in front, the side lobes rounded, the middle lobe half-elliptic, obtuse, rounded (in dried specimens the margin of each lateral lobe appears to have been stained with carmine). In general outline the lip resem- bles that of D. Merrillii, and appears to be minutely papillose on the disk near the base of the middle lobe. Mentum obtuse, 2mm long. Column 2 mm long. POLILLO, R. C. McGregor, Bur. Sci. 10457, epiphytic in mangrove swamp, October 12, 1909. Dendrobium parciflorum Reichb. f. ex Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3 (1859) 4. D. Jenkensii Griff. in Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist. (1854) 367, t 25. D. kentrophyllum Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1890) 725; Icon. Plant. t. 2021. D. marivelense Ames Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 180. The above is the bibliographical history of the species which in my second volume of “Orchidaceae” I described as a novelty under the name D. marivelense. In his monograph of the “Dendrobiinae” Doctor Kranzlin concluded that D. parciflorum and D. marivelense should be regarded as conspecific. In addition to the locality given in Orchidaceae 2: 180, the following is of interest: MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 611, June, 1906. Dendrobium Ramosii sp. nov. Caules gracilis, gerentes folia circiter 13. Folia linearia, acuta in anthesi decidua. Flores pallide rosei vel purpurei, in pedun- culis brevibus. Sepala lateralia oblonga, obtusa, ad apicem cucul- lata. Sepalum superius oblongum, obtusum. Petala_ ovato- oblonga, denticulata. Labellum cuneato-obovatum, unguicu- latum, prope basin callus hippocrepiformis. Caules foliosi et florigeri simul exstant. Plant very slender, about 3 dm tall, leafy, about 2 mm thick near the base. Leaves distichous, linear, acute, about 7 cm NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 19 long, about 6 mm wide, base sheathing. Sheathing bases of the leaves tubular, in dried specimens tinged with purple, about 1 cm long. Flowers pale-purplish, in short lateral racemes. Peduncle 1 cm long. Bracts lanceolate, purplish, 2 mm long. Pedicellate ovary about 1 cm long, pedicel very slender. Flowers about 5, about 1 cm long, with a sharply curved mentum. Late- ral sepals oblong, obtuse, somewhat cucullate at the tip, 3 mm wide. Upper sepal cucullate, lanceolate, 6 mm long. Petals ovate-oblong, rounded at the tip, 6 mm long, 3 mm wide, margin minutely denticulate. Labellum 12 mm long, 6 mm wide near the tip, simple, cuneate-obovate, sharply bent at the base to conform to the curved (genuflected) mentum, finely denticulate along the margin of the rounded, broad tip. In front of the column-foot the lip is dilated (nearly orbicular), then contracted at the point where a hippocrepiform membranaceous callus is situated, beyond the callus the limb is cuneate obovate, with three prominent longitudinal central nerves. In some flowers the mentum is so much curved that the blunt apex points in the same direction as the sepals and petals. Luzon, Lepanto Subprovince, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 7049, January, 1909. Dendrobium Ramosii belongs in the same section with D. O’Brienianum Kranzl., and D. Epidendropsis Krinzl., two Philippine species which are characterized by the sharply bent mentum. From both it is very distinct in foliage and in the color and size of the flowers. I have seen two other collections from the Philippines which appear to be referable to this species. The leaves and stems are longer than in the specimens gathered by Ramos, but the flowers are very similar, the lip varying slightly in outline. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 9, 1,300 meters above sea level, January 8, 1910: Benguet Subprovince, Bugias, Elmer D. Merrill 4682, October 28, 1905. Dendrobium ventricosum Kranz]. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 45 (1910) 209. Luzon, Province of Zambales, A. Loher 6004, June 11, 1905, flowers greenish-yellow, with purple lines. MINDANAO, Butuan Subprovince, Agusan River, Talacogon, C. M. Weber 176, epiphyte, flower light-green, July 20, 1911: District of Davao, Rev. R. F. Black, August, 1906, “flowers white, blue-veined inside;” from same locality, Black, 1909 Apparently a very variable species. The material which I have examined would seem to indicate that the labellum varies considerably in the condition of the anterior margin which may be minutely and inconspicuously denticu- late or almost fringed. In the specimen collected by Rev. R. F. Black the margin of the lateral and middle lobes is lacerate-denticulate. My understanding of Doctor Krinzlin’s D. ventricosum is based on his original description; I have not seen the type. 20 AMES. ERIA Lindl. Eria (Mycaranthes) Vanoverberghii sp. nov. Planta robusta, erecta, foliosa. Folia ligulata, coriacea, acuta, disticha. Pedunculi terminale, circiter 6 bracteae imbricatae. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineari-lanceolatae, acutae, circiter 1.5 em longae. Pedunculus rhachisque sericeo-pubescens. Pedicel- lus et ovarium pubescentia. Sepala externe pubescentia. Sep- ala lateralia oblonga, 5-nervia. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lan- ceolatum. Petala oblonga, obtusa. Labellum 3-lobatum. Lobi laterales obtusi; lobus medius quadratus, apiculatus, callus parvus ad basim labelli; prope apicem labelli tuberculum permag- num; utroque in disco callus carinatus lobis lateralibus parallelus. Plant robust, erect, probably 10 dm high (only upper part seen), leafy. Leaves ligulate, coriaceous, acute, sheathing, dis- tichous, about 20 cm long, up to 22 mm wide. Inflorescences several (as many as 6) sheathed by large, imbricating bracts. Peduncles rather stout, about 2 dm long, whitish-pubescent. Floral bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, crowded, reflexed, the lower- most exceeding 2 cm in length, about 5 mm wide, longer than the densely pubescent flowers. Lateral sepals oblong, acute, 5- nerved, densely pubescent on the exterior surface, 7 mm long, 3.5 mm wide. Upper sepal oblong-lanceolate, 7mm long, 3 mm wide, 5-nerved. Petals oblong, or nearly elliptical, obtuse, 5 mm long, about 2 mm wide. Labellum 3-lobed, 6 mm long. Lateral lobes triangular, obtuse, from the tip to base of sinus formed ‘with middle lobe 1.5 mm long, middle lobe subquadrate, apiculate, 3 mm long, 4.5mm wide. Calli 4, one in the middle of the base, one on each side near the sinus formed by the middle and lateral lobes, each continued from the free forward protruding apex to near the base of the lip, passing into a gradually diminishing keel, one at the apex, a large triangular, obtuse, erect tooth-like callus, 2 mm high, laterally flattened with the apex slightly re- flexed. Column very short, free portion almost none. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 789, August 27, 1910, 1,550 meters above sea level. Eria Vanoverberghii is near Eria longibracteata Leavitt, but is unlike it in the dense inflorescence, large flowers, and very different calli. PHREATIA Lindl. Phreatia (§ Euphreatia) infundibuliformis sp. nov. Folia linearia. Pedunculus valde elongatus, prope basim fractiflexus, bracteae infundibuliformes, magnae. Racemus elongatus, gracilis. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineari-lanceolatae, acutae, ovarium pedicellum aequantes. Sepala lateralia ovato- NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 21 lanceolata. Sepalum superius oblongi-lanceolatum. Petala oblonga, angustata, obtusa. Labellum breviter unguiculatum; lamina cordatum, breviter apiculata. Columna minuta. Leaves linear, much shorter than the peduncle, about 9 cm long, 5 to 7 mm wide, asymmetrical at the tip. Peduncles elongated, somewhat zig-zag below the raceme, the angles marked by the large infundibuliform bracts, 4 or 5 in number. Bracts about 1 ecm long. Peduncle 14 to 27 cm long. Raceme 8 to 14 cm long, 5 to 7 mm through in fruiting specimens. Bracts of the raceme linear-lanceolate, 3 to 7 mm long, the lowermost ones equaling or exceeding the flowers on fruiting specimens. Flowers diminutive, white. Lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, 1 mm long. Upper sepal oblong-lanceolate, about 1mm long Pet- als narrowly oblong, obtuse, 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Labellum 0.75 mm long, cordate, shortly apiculate, 3-nerved, very shortly and inconspicuously unguiculate. Mentum minute. Column diminutive. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis Mount Malindang, Major E. A. Mearns & W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 4611, May, 1906. Plants abundant at an ajtitude of 1,700 meters above sea level. From nearly related Philippine species readily distinguished by the large infundibuliform bracts below the raceme. In habit closely resembling P. myosurus (Forst.) Ames. Phreatia (§ Euphreatia) Mearnsii sp. nov. Habitu P. densiflorae haud dissimilis. Folia ligulata. Race- mus densiflorus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acumina- tae. Sepala lateralia triangulari-ovata. Sepalum superius simile. Petala oblongi-ovata, obtusa. Labellum trapezoideum. In habit similar to P. Vanoverberghii and P. densiflora. Leaves ligulate, asymmetrical at the tip, up to 25 cm long, 1.6 to 2.5 em wide, coriaceous. Peduncle up to 4 dm long, exceeding the leaves, with several lanceolate sheathing bracts below the raceme. Bracts about 2 cm long, the upper ones about 1 cm long. Raceme about 1 dm long (1 cm through when the cap- sules are nearly ripe). Floral bracts lanceolate, long-acuminate, 3.5 cm long, spreading, subrigid. Flowers yellow, numerous, crowded. Lateral sepals triangular-ovate, 1.5 mm long, sub- acute. Mentum 0.5 mm long. Upper sepal1 mm long. Petals oblong-ovate, obtuse, 1.5 to 2 mm long, 1.5 mm wide at about the middle. Capsule ellipsoid, 3 mm long. Pedicel and ovary in fruiting specimens about 5 mm long. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, E. A. Mearns & W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 4592, May, 1906. Luzon, Province of Pam- panga, H. M. Curran, For. Bur. 19813, March, 1910. ad AMES. Phreatia Mearnsii is nearly related to P. aristulifera Ames and P. Vanoverberghii Ames, but differs from them in details of the flowers. The petals of P. Mearnsii are not unguiculate nor in any sense rhombic in outline. Phreatia (§ Euphreatia) Ramosii sp. nov. Planta parvula. Folia linearia. Pedunculus folio longitudine fere aequalis vel longior. Flores albi. Sepala lateralia trian- gulari-lanceolata, obtusa. Sepalum superius ovatum, obtusum. Petala ovata, ad apicem rotundata. Labellum oblanceolatum vel obovatum. Mentum obtusum. In habit similar to Phreatia myosurus (Forst.) Ames. Plants about 1 dm tall. Leaves linear, asymmetrical at the tip, 4 to 9 cm long, up to 5 mm wide, spreading, equaling the peduncle or slightly shorter. Peduncle slender, 5 to 10 cm long, bracts sheathing, about 5 mm long, acuminate, aristate. Raceme 2 to 4 em long, about 7 mm through when the flowers are open. Flowers white, diminutive, about 1 mm apart. Floral bracts rounded, prolonged at the tip, aristate, 3 mm long, aristate tip 1.5 mm long. Pedicel and ovary 3 mm long. Lateral sepals about 2 mm long (forming a blunt mentum 0.5 mm long), triangular-lanceolate, obtuse. Upper sepal 1.75 mm long, broadly ovate, obtuse. Petals ovate, rounded at the tip, 1.5 mm long, about 1 mm wide. Labellum 2.5 mm long, oblanceolate or obovate, about 1 mm wide at the middle. Column simple. LUZON, Province of Abra, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 7140, February 8, 1909. Epiphyte, found on small trees in forests. Phreatia sulcata J. J. Smith. In a preceding paper * I described a new species from the Philippines as P. bracteata. An examination of additional material from Luzon convinces me that the specimens cited under P. bracteata are conspecific with P. sulcata J. J. Smith. A series of specimens from Bontoc Subprovince, Luzon, collected in June, 1911, by Father M. Vanoverbergh, No. 1289, are most certainly referable to Phreatia sulcata and compare well with specimens from Sumatra. Phreatia (§ Euphreatia) Vanoverberghii sp. nov. Habitu P. densiflorae (Bl.) Lindl. haud dissimilis sed in foliis angustior et in racemo gracilior. Folia linearia. Racemus densiflorus. Bracteae inflorescentiae aristatae. Sepala late- ralia ovata. Sepalum superius ovatum, obtusum, concavum. Petala unguiculata, rhombico-spathulata. Labellum unguicu- latum, ad basim cuneatum, super medium dilatatum, ad apicem in laminam subrhombicum dilatatum. *This Journal 4 (1909) Bot. 674. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. — 23 Leaves linear, asymmetrical at the tip, 20 to 26 cm long, 1.5 to 1.7 mm wide. Peduncle up to 24 cm long, with several closely appressed bracts below the inflorescence. Raceme slen- der, about 1 cm long, very densely flowered, about 6 mm through prior to development of the capsules. Floral bracts equaling the flowers, 2.5 mm long, cuneate at the base, rounded, prolonged into a conspicuous aristate tip (cf. P. aristulifera Ames). Pedicel and ovary of expanding flowers 2 mm long. Lateral sepals about 1 mm long, ovate, forming a mentum 0.5 mm long. Upper sepal ovate from a broad base, 1 mm long, obtuse, about 1 mm wide. Petals cuneate at the base, roundish, obtuse, or rhombic above the base, 1.5 mm long, 0.75 mm wide near the tip. Labellum slightly less than 2 mm long, unguicu- late, cuneate, dilated, above the middle elliptical or subrhombic, rounded, margin entire, about 1 mm wide near the tip. Column 1 mm long. Pollinia 8. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1115, on trees, altitude 1,650 meters, February 21, 1911. Here also belongs a series of specimens with leaves 3 dm long by 13 mm wide collected in Luzon, Province of Abra, by Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 7145, altitude about 600 m, February 8, 1909. In habit similar, in a very general way, to P. densiflora (Bl.) Lindl., from which it differs in the aristate floral bracts and very slender raceme. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. Bulbophyllum lancipetalum sp. nov. Pseudobulbi minuti. Folia elliptico-lanceolata, coriacea, acuta, prominente 1l-nervia. Scapus foliis brevior. Racemus strictus. Bracteae inflorescentiae ovariis longiores lanceolatae, acumi- natae, acutae. Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, ad apicem aristata. Sepalum dorsale simile, cymbiforme, acuminatum, acutum. Petala lineari-lanceolata, obtusa, pubescentia in mar- gine. Labellum lingulatum ciliolatum. Colwmna stelidiis 2. Rhizome stout, about 5 mm in diameter. Pseudobulbs small, about 1 cm long, pyriform. Leaf elliptic-lanceolate, 12 cm long, about 2.5 cm wide, coriaceous, acute, prominently nerved along the middle, tapering at base into an elongated petiole. Petiole 5 to 10 cm long, sulcate, rigid. Scape shorter than the leaves, up to 17 em tall, sheathed by about five, loose, acute bracts 9 to 13 mm long. Raceme strict, spicate, 6 to 7 cm long, about 20-flowered. Bracts of the raceme surpassing the ovaries, lan- ceolate, acuminate, acute, the largest one about 5 mm long. 24 AMES. Lateral sepals triangular-lanceolate from a broad base, 7 mm long, tapering into a slender bristle-like tip, at base, in front protuberant, forming a rounded mentum. Upper sepal shorter than the laterals, about 6 mm long, cymbiform, acuminate, acute. Petals linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 4 mm long, 1-nerved, somewhat thickened at the tip, very finely pubescent. Labellum lingulate, about 4 mm long, margin ciliolate, strongly deflexed near the middle, base rotund when spread flat. Column minute with two erect stelidia. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, Major E. A. Mearns & W. I. Hutchinson, For. Bur. 4608, flower yellow-white, 2,400 m above sea level, June 4, 1906. In general habit similar to B. dasypetalum, but very distinct from that species in the details of the inflorescence. The specimen from Mindanao, Mearns & Hutchinson, For. Bur. 4601, referred tentatively to B. adenopetalum Lindl.’ appears to belong here. From B. adenopetalum it differs in its larger leaves and in the absence of caudate tips to the lateral sepals. According to the brief description of B. braccatum given by Reichenbach f. in “Linnaea,” B. lancipetalum appears to be distinct from that species. In the Philippines there is a puzzling group of Bulbophyllums, all so closely allied that for proper interpretation a careful study of many specimens will be necessary. To this group belong B. adenopetalum and B. Ramosii characterized by caudate-tipped lateral sepals, B. dasypetalum and B. lancipetalum characterized by triangular- lanceolate lateral sepals, shortly if at all caudate, and B. braccatum which is said to have apiculate petals. At the present time, from material at hand, a thorough study of this group is being made which will be published in the near future. Bulbophyilum nutans (Lindl.) Reichb. f. in Walper’s Ann. 6: 260; Lindley in Bot. Reg. (1839) Misc. 118; Bot. Mag. t. 4418. This interesting species of the § Cirrhopetalum has come to hand from the Island of Polillo. The leaves are very thick, elliptic or nearly orbicular, 3 cm long by 17 mm wide or there- abouts, very shortly petioled, arising from diminutive, rugose, pyriform pseudobulbs, 1 cm long. Scape 1.5 to 2 dm tall, slender, with several minute, closely appressed, acute bracts. Umbel many-flowered, nodding. Bracts of the umbel linear, about 8 mm long, crowded. Pedicel slender, together with the ovary 5 mm long. Lateral sepals ligulate, 2 em long. Upper sepal 5 mm long, lanceolate, prolonged into a slender, bristle- like tip, 3-nerved. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, acute, 3-nerved, about 3.5 mm long, margin of the upper half entire, margin of "Orchidaceae 2: 206. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. 25 the lower half ciliated or serrulated. Labellum diminutive, lingu- late, about 2 mm long, obtuse, fleshy, bicristate. PoLILLo, C. B. Robinson, Bur. Sci. 9077, August 9, 1909, growing on Heritiera littoralis, buds deep-yellow, flowers somewhat paler. The plants figured in the “Botanical Magazine” have longer leaves, and larger pseudobulbs than the specimens from Polillo. Bulbophyllum Ramosii sp. nov. Folia oblonga, ad apicem rotundata. Scapus gracilis, brac- teis tubularibus. Flores albi. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineares. Sepala lateralia triangularia, caudata. Sepalum superius conca- vum, lanceolatum, caudatum. Petala lineari-lanceolata, acuta, 1-nervia. Labellum lingulatum, ciliatum. Columna bifurcata. Plant small, to the tip of the leaf not exceeding 1dm. Rhizome comparatively slender, rooting freely. Pseudobulbs wanting, the leaves arising directly from the creeping rhizome. Leaves rigid, leathery, oblong, rounded at the tip, tapering gradually at the base, lamina up to 7 cm long, 11 mm wide, with a promi- nent mid-nerve. Scape weak, slender, longer than the leaves, up to 8 cm long, with several tubular bracts about 5 mm long below the raceme. Raceme lax, about 7-flowered. Flowers white. Bracts of the raceme linear, exceeding the pedicellate ovary, about 4 mm long. Lateral sepals triangular, prolonged into a slender caudate tip, triangular base about 3 mm long, caudate tip 5 mm long. Upper sepal shorter than the laterals, concave, lanceolate, caudate-tipped, 7 mm long. Petals linear- lanceolate, acute, 1-nerved, about 3 mm long. Labellum lingu- late, strongly bent at the middle, apical half nearly 2 mm long, oblong, rounded at the tip, margin coarsely hairy, basal half sulecate, when spread out orbicular. Column at the tip bifurcate. Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Maximo Ramos, Bur. Sci. 12091, August 26, 1910. This is a smaller species than Bulbophyllum adenopetalum Lindl., to which it is closely allied. The flowers resemble the sketch of B. adenopet- alum, by Lindley, preserved at Kew. The leaves are much shorter than in Lindley’s material and much broader in relation to their length. Both species are different from B. dasypetalum Rolfe, in their caudate-tipped lateral sepals, and ciliolate lips. B. braccatum, a Philippine species described by Reichenbach f., belongs in the same group. Of this species, unfortunately, I have seen no material; no type is designated by its author. The descrip- tion is vague, no details regarding the foliage being given, and, in view of the fact that there is a group of species in the Philippines closely allied with B. adenopetalum and B. dasypetalum, wholly inadequate for purpose of identification and useless for comparative studies. 26 AMES. DENDROCHILUM Blume. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) longibulbum sp. nov. Pseudobulbi graciles, fusiformes, elongati. Folia linearia, obtusa. Pedunculus gracilis, filiformis, folio longior. Racemus 4 ad 5 cm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae distichae. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta. Sepalum superius lateralibus simile. Petala cuneato-ovata. Labellum crassum, 3-lobatum; lobi latera- les semicrescentiformes; lobus medius subquadratus, apiculatus, prope basim bicallosus, et callo medio vel mammilla instructus. Pseudobulbs densely clustered, elongated, cylindric, rugose, 2.5 to 4 cm long, 2 to 4 mm in diameter when dry. Leaf shortly petioled, linear, obtuse, 7 to 14 cm long, 5 to 7 mm wide, midnerve prominent. Peduncle filiform, slightly exceeding the leaf, up to 1 dm long. Raceme 4 to 5 cm long, loosely many-flowered (fils. about 15), subtended by 2 or 3, glumaceous, scarious, im- bricating, empty bracts; flowers white, 2 to 3 mm apart, dis- tichous, floral bracts exceeding and concealing the ovary. Lat- eral sepals lanceolate, acute, about 3.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 3-nerved. Upper sepal similar, 3.5 mm long. Petals cuneate- ovate, acute, 3 mm long, about 1.5 mm wide, 3-nerved. Labellum fleshy, 3-lobed, 1.5 mm long; lateral lobes half crescent form, obtuse, shorter than the middle lobe; middle lobe 0.75 mm long, subquadrate with a triangular tooth in front. On the disk of the lip there are three calli, one in the middle at the bottom of the depressed or subsaccate base and one on each side near the base of each lateral lobe. Column typical of the section. LuzoN, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 782, altitude 1,550 m, August 23, 1910. Dendrochilum longibulbum might readily be mistaken for a narrow-leaved form of D. pumilum, but its smaller flowers and very different petals are differentiating characters. Of the sixty or more species of this genus which have been described from Philippine material all are endemic; I have been unable to discover a single exception. Of the described Philippine species I have examined every one except D. convallariaeforme Schauer (which is supposed to include D. Copelandii Ames) and D. maleolens Krinzl., the latter a recently described species which is said to be close to D. oliganthum (Ames) Pfitzer. Dendrochilum microchilum (Schlechter) Ames Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 87. Platyclinis microchila Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 6 (March, 1906) 302. Acoridium venustulum Ames in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (Sept., 1906) 147. Dendrochilum venustulum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl. Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 116. NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, IV. a7 In my second volume of “Orchidaceae,” having no material and judging wholly from the original description, I referred to Platyclinis microchila as a near affinity of Dendrochilum tenue Pfitzer. In a letter dated Novem- ber 7, 1910, Doctor Schlechter states that Dendrochilum microchilum and D. venustulum Pfitzer are identical. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Vanoverberghii sp. nov. Pseudobulbi pyriformes in sicco rugosi. Folia linearia, acuta. Pedunculus folio longior. Inflorescentia laxiflora. Bracteae glumaceae, ovario longiores. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, acuta. Sepalum superius oblongi-lanceolatum, acutum. Petala lanceolata, acuta. Labellum crassum, 3-lobatum, lobi laterales obtusi, lobus medius apiculatus. Whole plant, including the peduncle, up to 24.5 cm high, as shown by the type. Pseudobulbs elongated pyriform, 1.5 cm long, about 5 mm in diameter at the base, rugose in dried speci- mens, clothed with the fibrous remains of sheathing bracts. Leaves linear, acute, 4.5 to 7.5 cm long, about 2.5 mm wide, grass-like when dry. Peduncle free, from the summit of the pseudobulb, slender, graceful, about twice longer than the leaf, about 1 dm high, not exceeding 13.5cminthetype. Inflorescence loosely flowered, subtended by two imbricating, scarious bracts; flowers about 3 mm apart, distichously arranged. Pedicel and ovary 2 mm long, concealed by a glumaceous bract. When fresh the flowers are white with a “red” lip, in dried specimens they are brownish. Lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, 3- nerved, 2.5 mm long, 2 mm wide near the base. - Upper sepal oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, middle nerve conspicuous (in dried specimens). Petals lanceolate, acute, 3- nerved, 2 mm long, 1 mm wide. Labellum fleshy, 1.5 mm long, somewhat saccate near the base, 3-lobed; lobes subequal, laterals rounded, obtuse in front; middle lobe longer than the laterals, subquadrate, apiculate, broader than long. Column minute, characteristic of the Section Acoridium. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh, November—De- cember, 1910. Dendrochilum Vanoverberghii appears to be a near relative of D. exile,’ but differs from it in the details of the flower, and in general habit, the leaves and peduncle of D. exile being about subequal, while in D. Vanover- berghii the peduncle exceeds the leaf to a conspicuous extent. D. Mac- Gregorii is also a near relative but the lip-characters of that species and the dense inflorescence are conspicuous differentiating peculiarities. * Orchidaceae 2: 85 fig. hark Peay ‘ Shane aie ace TAN e ptt Hit TCO OR An Lamha hi 7 1; win, tr) > u At uit Te vel i ies ai ding wo ‘ rit Aub TAVTOTAM! 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Dootor as: fortunately’ able -to! obtain, exact ‘oppies of carefully. preserved earl s written ce Inc dnina. aifloet. wits | Padtanh pates ‘at’ these Maneater: “math dts bi Pent Co ; Wats Sg Se ag ot ager : SOs Fo pene a a at PB f & tae yes ' sy steps at vy . fe i a’ n ‘ A. Pigs a oe ‘ ‘ %} ny tidb-AMalavan' Wands, Dootor Eaxworthy. has Brought togethers arge. amgunt of aacdr semation concerning’ trees yielding, woos of evanomie’ value The work is based Jarge eye Ae se Re AM agg ee Ponte 33's aa Seas d genera: ‘help the FE he bag? : 5 eet Seal sty ive ets ; Nae $ Re Yi pics Ae war See) Coro > ua Rae ROR and F Catnercs: Manila, P. I. _ VouuME 59, “No. 1, JANUARY, 1936 MANILA BUREAU OF PRINTING "49386 4 Se ae THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE VOL. 59 JANUARY, 1936 No. 1 NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI By OAKES AMES Professor of Botany, Harvard University and EDUARDO QUISUMBING Curator, Philippine National Herbarium, Bureau of Science, Manila NINE PLATES The present paper is essentially similar to its predecessors.* It consists of descriptions of four new species. The genera Bromheadia and Ascoglossum are new to the Philippines. Ne- phelaphyllum pulchrum Blume and Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) Schltr. are for the first time credited to the Phil- ippines. Illustrations of two Philippine species, Nephelaphyl- lum mindorense Ames and Plocoglottis lucbanensis Ames, are also included. - All descriptions in the text have been prepared from living specimens, and all colored illustrations were made by Mr. Pe- dro Ramos, draftsman of the National Museum Division, Bureau of Science. All line drawings were prepared by Messrs. Ma- rasigan, Aguilar, and Castelo, and Miss Ico, artists of the Na- tional Museum Division. All the types of the new species have been deposited in the Philippine National Herbarium, Bureau of Science, and the isotypes in the herbarium of the senior author. Available types will be distributed to American and European 1 Philip. Journ. Sci. 44 (1931) 869-383, 16 pls.; 47 (1932) 197-220, 29 pls.; 49 (1932) 483-504, 28 pls.; 52 (1933) 448-4738, 17 pls.; 56 (1935) 453-469, 10 pls. 297393 1 2 The Philippine Journal of Science 1936 herbaria. The color terms used are mostly from Ridgway’s Co- lor Standards and Color Nomenclature (1912). Genus MALAXIS Solander ex Swartz MALAXIS PURPUREIFLORA Ames and Quis. sp. nov. Plate 1, fig. 9; Plate 2, figs. 1 to 8; Plate 7. Radices numerosae, fibrosae. Herba terrestris, prope basim foliosa, circiter 25 cm alta. Caulis brevis, crassus, 3.5 ad 5 cm longus, vaginis tubuliformibus inflatis membranaceis imbri- ecantibus omnino obtectus. Folia 3 ad 8; lamina lanceolato- elliptica ad late elliptica, acuminata, acuta, 7 ad 20 cm longa, 2.5 ad 8 em lata, nervosa, paulatim in petiolum latum basi dila- tatum vaginantem transiens. Pedunculus gracilis, cum racemo 45 ad 46 cm longus. Bractei scariosae, triangulari-lanceolatae, acutae, 4 ad 6 mm longae. Flores juveniles approximati ut videtur, sed tardius remotiores. Sepala petalaque margine valde revoluta. Sepala lateralia suborbicularia, apice late ro- tundata, circiter 4 mm longa, 3.2 mm lata, 4- ad 5-nervia. Se- palum dorsale oblongo-ellipticum, obtusum, circiter 5.4 mm longum, 2.4 mm latum, 3- ad 5-nervium. Petala anguste oblongo- elliptica, obtusa, 4.75 ad 5 mm longa, 1.4 ad 1.7 mm lata, 3- nervia. Labellum in circuitu suborbiculare, valde auriculatum, circiter 6 mm longum, 5.5 ad 6 mm latum, antice acute pluriden- tatum cum callo semicirculari lobulato circa gynostemium ornatum, postice in auriculae triangulari-ovatas retrorsas ob- tusas extensum. Gynostemium per breve, bialatum. Anthera oblata. Pollinia 4, pyriformia, per paria cohaerentia. Roots numerous, fibrous. Terrestrial herb, about 25 cm tall, leafy at the base. Stems short, stout, 3.5 to 5 cm long, con- cealed by the swollen, infundibuliform membranaceous leaf- sheaths. Leaves 3 to 8, with petioles imbricating below; lamina lanceolate-elliptic to very broadly elliptic, acuminate, acute, 7 to 20 cm long, 2.5 to 8 cm wide, 5-nerved. Peduncles slender, including the racemes 45 to 46 cm long, provided with triangu- lar-lanceolate, acute, scarious bracts, 4 to 6 mm long. The buds and young flowers at the apex of the racemes crowded, older flowers remote. Sepals and petals with strongly revolute mar- gins. Lateral sepals suborbicular, broadly rounded at the apex, about 4 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, 4- to 5-nerved. Dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, obtuse, about 5.4 mm long, 2.4 mm wide, 3- to 5-nerved. Petals narrowly oblong-elliptic, obtuse, 4.75 to 5 mm long, 1.4 to 1.7 mm wide, 3-nerved. Labellum suborbicular in 59, 1 Ames and Quisumbing: Philippine Orchids, VI 8 outline, prominently auriculate, about 6 mm long, 5.5 to 6 mm wide, 8- to 10-dentate on the anterior margin, extended at base into a pair of retrorse triangular-ovate rounded auricles. Disc in front of the column, with a semicircular lobulate callus. Gynostemium very short, 2-winged. Pollinia 4, pyriform, in pairs. LuZON, Benguet Subprovince, near Baguio, on rocks on the Naguilian Trail, Phil. Nat. Herb. 79 Mrs. K. B. Day, June 29, 1934, The species is especially characterized by the purple color on the lower surface of the leaves, the purple flowers and the 8- to 10-sharp-toothed labellum. It differs from all its nearest allies—M. atrosanguinea Ames, M. bulusanensis Ames, and M. Taylori Ames—in its much broader petals and in the teeth on the anterior margin of the lip. Genus NEPHELAPHYLLUM Blume NEPHELAPHYLLUM MINDORENSE Ames. Plate 1, figs. 3 and 4; Plate 2, figs. 21 to 31; Plate 8. Nephelaphyllum mindorense AMES in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 316, Orch. 3 (1908) 83, ¢. 55, 5 (1915) 48, in Merr. Enum. Philip. Fl. Pl. 1 (1924) 280. “Closely allied to N. pulchrum Blume. Plants about 2 dm. tall. Rhi- zome creeping, slender, rooting at intervals. Stems purple. Leaves with the under surface uniformly dark purple, upper surface mottled, ovate-lan- ceolate, acuminate, acute, 8-10 cm. long, 3-5.5 cm. wide near the base. Petioles relatively slender, about 3 cm. long. Peduncles exceeding the leaves, clothed with several scarious, tubular, acute sheaths. Inflorescence loosely few-flowered. Bracts about 1 cm. long, linear, acute, scarious, somewhat shorter than the pedicels of the white flowers. Lateral sepals linear-acute, 1-nerved, 9 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. Upper sepal similar and equal to the laterals. Petals oblong, acute, slightly broader above than below the middle, 1-nerved, about 8 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. Labellum suborbicular, entire, 9-10 mm. long, 9-10 mm, wide, with 3 prominent con- verging lamellae near the apex, which pass basally into the main nerves of the hairy disc. Spur blunt, inflated, 4-5 mm. long.”—AmEs, loc. cit. LUZON, Benguet Subprovince, Baguio, Phil. Nat. Herb. 80 Mrs. K. B. Day, June 29, 1934: Nueva Ecija Province, Mount Umin- gan, Bur. Sci. 26319, 26494, 29652 Ramos and Edano, August and September, 1916. MINDORO, along Binabay River, Merrill 5623 (type in Phil. Nat. Herb.), November 2, 1906. The peduncles are purple; sepals and petals pale grass green flushed with light brownish olive and lined with purple-drab; labellum white except the lamelle orange-chrome; anther orange 4 The Philippine Journal of Science 1936 chrome. Terrestrial orchids on dry slopes and in humid forests at 200 to 1,700 meters altitude. NEPHELAPHYLLUM PULCHRUM Blume. Nephelaphyllum pulchrum BuuME Bijdr. (1825) 3738, f. 22, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 144, t. 61, f. 1, t. 54 F; LINDL. Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 24; ReIcHB. F. Xenia Orch. 1 (1856) 216, t. 88, f. 1; M1Q@. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 675; Bot. Mag. 88 (1862) t. 5332; Hook. F. Fl. Br. Ind. 5 (1890) 818; J. J. Sm. Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Java) (1905) 178, Fig.-Atlas (1909) fig. 185; ScHLTR. Die Orchideen (1927) 127. The original description reads as follows: “N: floribus dense spicatis, labelli limbo lineis tribus muricatis. “Crescit: in locis humidioribus sylvarum Salak. “Floret: Januario—Aprili.”—BLUME, Plants ascending, 10 to 15 cm high; rhizome creeping, slen- der, rooting at intervals. Leaves three in our plant, submem- branaceous, ovate or triangular-ovate, subcordate at the base, acuminate-acute at apex, 8.4 to 9 cm long, 4 to 4.2 cm wide near the base, uniformly dark purple beneath, silvery green with dark green reticulations above; petioles 1.8 to 1.8 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, few-flowered; the peduncle clothed with several scarious tubular sheaths, erect, about 4 cm or more long. Flowers about 2.8 cm across. Sepals and petals reflexed. Se- pals linear, acute, about 12.7 mm long, 1.8 to 2 mm wide. Pe- tals oblong-linear, acute, about 13 mm long, 3 mm wide. La- bellum large, oblong-obovate when expanded, cuneate at the base, slightly retuse, about 10.5 mm long, 11 mm wide when stretched out, with three elevated dentate or lacerate lamelle near the apex; base of the labellum extended into a short didymous spur about 5 mm long. Column stout in proportion to the size of the flower, semiterete, the margin expanded into a wing along each side. Anther two-horned. Pollinia 8, unequal, in pairs. PALAWAN, on rocks along the bank of Iwahig River, Bur. Sci. 81158 E. H. Taylor, September 18, 1923. The single collection here cited appears to be referable to Nephelaphyllum pulchrum Blume, although the long acuminate leaves seem aberrant from those of the typical form. This species differs from N. mindorense Ames in having much larger flowers and dentate (not subentire) keels on the lip. Besides the Philippines, it occurs in Borneo, Java, Sumatra, and the Straits Settlements. 59, 1 Ames and Quisumbing: Philippine Orchids, VI 5 Genus PLOCOGLOTTIS Blume PLOCOGLOTTIS LUCBANENSIS Ames. Plate 1, figs. 7 and 8; Plate 2, figs. 9 to 20. Plocoglottis lucbanensis AMES in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5 (1912) 1572, Orch. 5 (1915) 100, in Merr. Enum. Philip. Fl. Pl. 1 (1924) 338. “Herba terestris. Caules subcaespitosi, purpurei, ad basim incrassati, fibris elongatis ornati, monophylli. Folium oblongi-lanceolatum, acutum, acuminatum ad basim attenuatum, circiter 3.8 dm. longum, usque ad 3.5 em. latum in petiolum gracilem elongatum contractum distincte 5-nervium. Scapi aphylli a basi caulium laterales, longi, erecti, circiter 6 dm. longi, vaginati, pubescentes. Racemi abbreviati. Bracteae inflorescentiae lan- ceolatae, acutae, pubescentes, + 5 mm. longae. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 1.2 cm. longus, pubescens. Flores atro-flavidi, purpureo-maculati, pubescentes. Sepala lateralia crassa 12 mm. longa, acuta, ad apicem sub- cucullata, oblongi-lanceolata, extus pubescentia, 5-nervia. Sepalum pos- ticum oblongum, obtusum. Petala 11 mm. longa, linearia, falcata, ad api- cem sensim dilatata et incrassata. Labellum crassum 8 mm, longum, circiter 4 mm. latum, ad apicem in apiculo productum. Apiculus valde deflexus, recurvatus. Columna scabrata. “Aside from a slight thickening of the nerves the labellum appears to be ecallose. “T,uZON, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, May, 1907, A. D. E. Elmer, 7707. “Small tufted terrestrial herbs in damp soil of wooded ravines at 2,750 feet altitude. Pseudobulbs and stems conspicuously purple; leaves sub- membranaceous; buds whitish; flower dull yellow, spotted with purple. Rare!”—AmgEs in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5 (1912) 1572. BABUYAN ISLANDS (CAMIGUIN ISLAND), Bur. Sci. 4147 Fenix, July 16, 1907. Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Baguio, Phil. Nat. Herb. 50 Mrs. K. B. Day, May 21, 1934: Laguna Province, For. Bur. 28939 Willie and Salvoza: Tayabas Province, Lucban, El- mer 7707 (type), May, 1907: Sorsogon Province, Irosin, Mount Bulusan, Elmer 17123, September, 1916. The peduncles are purplish; sepals and petals light cadmium and spotted with nopal red; labellum pinard yellow; column pi- nard yellow at apex and white at base; pedicellate ovary white. Genus DENDROBIUM Swartz DENDROBIUM BUKIDNONENSE Ames and Quis. sp. nov. Plate 1, figs. 5 and 6; Plate 3, figs. 1 to 7; Plate 9, fig. 1. Caules aggregati, 23.5 ad 50 cm longi, basi ovoideo-incrassati, supra attenuati. Folia disticha, linearia, obtusa, 4 ad 7 cm longa, 3 ad 4 mm lata. Racemi breves; flores singuli succe- danei, circiter 1.4 cm dimetiente. Sepala lateralia late triangu- laria, apice rotundato subacuta, 6.5 ad 8 mm longa, circiter 15.6 mm secundum columnae pedem lata, 6- to 7-nervia. Sepalum 6 The Philippine Journal of Science 1936 dorsale oblongo-ovatum, subacutum, 6 ad 7 mm longum, circiter 3.5 mm latum, 5- to 7-nervium. Petala oblongo-elliptica, ob- tusa, 5.5 ad 7 mm longa, 2.9 ad 3.5 mm lata, 1-nervia. Labellum cuneato-obovatum, simplex obscurrissime trilobatum, crenula- tum, 15.7 ad 18 mm longum, 9 ad 11mm latum. Columna breve, in pedem perlongum extensa. Stems aggregated, similar in habit to those of Dendrobium crumenatum Sw., 23.5 to 50 cm long. Pseudobulbs or ovoid thickenings at the base of the stems, 2 to 4 cm long, 1.3 to 1.5 cm in diameter, conspicuously many-ridged with rounded angles. Leaves distichous, linear, obtuse, 4 to 7 cm long, 3 to 4 mm wide. Racemes short; the flowers appearing singly, about 1.4 cm across. Lateral sepals broadly triangular, subacute, 6.5 to 8 mm long, about 15.6 mm broad along the column-foot, 6- to 7-nerved. Dorsal sepal oblong-ovate, subacute, 6 to 7 mm long, about 3.5 mm wide, 5- to 7-nerved. Petals oblong-elliptic, ob- tuse, 5.5 to 7 mm long, 2.9 to 3.5 mm wide, 1-nerved. Spur or mentum conical with elongated apex. Labellum simple, cuneate- obovate, crenulate on the anterior margins, 15.7 to 18 mm long, 9 to 11 mm wide when expanded at the broadest portion. Disc with slightly thickened veins—especially the central one—and with scattering papille at the center near the apex. Column very short, extended into a very long foot. LUZON, Manila, Bureau of Science orchid house, Bur. Sci. 85617 E. Quisumbing, December 14, 1932. Living specimens were presented to the junior author by Mr. L. H. Phillips, formerly of Bukidnon, Mindanao, who collected them from the hills of Bukidnon. The plants have flowered several times in the Bureau of Science orchid house during the months of July, August, and December. The fiowers are not fugacious (re- maining fresh for two days) and are slightly fragrant. The sepals are marguerite yellow. The petals almost white with a slight tinge of primrose yellow at the tips, and the spur slightly cream-colored; the ridge at the middle of the labellum apricot yellow. This species is allied to Dendrobium gracile (Bl.) Lindl., but differs in not having subulate leaves, in its oblong-ovate dorsal sepal, and in the color of the flowers. Genus BROMHEADIA Lindley BROMHEADIA PHILIPPINENSIS sp. noy. Plate 1, figs. 1 and 2; Plate 4; Plate 9, fig. 2. Herba epiphytica. Caules e rhizomate ramoso exorti, com- planati, erecti, 26 ad 54 em alti, vaginis foliorum omnino obtecti; 58, 4 Ames and Quisumbing: Philippine Orchids, VI G internodia 2 ad 3 cm longa. Folia disticha, patentia, ligulata, subcoriacea, 10.5 ad 17.5 cm longa, 1.1 ad 1.6 cm lata, apice valde bilobata, lobis inaequilateralibus. Inflorescentia terminalis, 4 ad 6 cm longa, simplex, fere sessilis; bracteae distichae, rigidae, imbricantes, cymbiformes, acutae, 6 ad 8 mm longae. Flores singuli apparentes, albi, odorati, 2.5 ad 2.6 cm longi, 2.2 ad 2.4 em dimetiente. Pedicellus cum ovario gracilis, circiter 1.4 em longus. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, paulo obliqua, carinata, acuta, circiter, 2.8 cm longa, 7 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale oblanceolato-oblongum, acutum, circiter 2.5 em longum, 7 mm latum. Petala anguste lanceolata vel anguste oblanceolata, obliqua, acuta, circiter 2.2 cm longa, 5.75 mm lata. Labellum in circuitu late oblongum, brevissime unguiculatum, supra medium trilobatum, circiter 1.7 cm longum et 9.5 mm latum; lobi laterales parvi, ovato-triangulares, obtusi, 2 ad 2.5 mm longi; lobus medius subquadratus, antice truncatus et minute apiculatus, 6 ad 6.5 mm latus, medio calloso-elevato et flavo. Discus cum parte longi- tudinali centrali calloso-elevata pubescenti in callum distinctum terminanti. Columna crassiuscula, recta, vel paulo incurvata, antice excavata, circiter 14 mm longa. Clinandrium parvum; anthera late ovoidea, apice obtusa, margine anteriore profunde emarginato. Pollinia 2, triangulari-ovoidea, dorso excavata. Plants growing ascendingly on tree trunks. Roots fibrous, flexuous, stout, glabrous. Stems flattened, 26 to 54 cm long, arising from terete, branching rhizomes; internodes shortest at base, 2 to 3 cm long, entirely or almost entirely concealed by the flattened leaf-sheaths. Leaves distichous, ligulate, subco- riaceous when dry, 10.5 to 17.5 cm long, 1.1 to 1.6 cm wide, strongly bilobed at the apex with the lobes inequilateral. In- florescence terminal, simple, almost sessile, 4 to 6 cm long; bracts distichous, rigid, imbricated, cymbiform, acute, 6 to 8 mm long. Flowers appear singly, rather fleshy, white, fragrant, 2.5 to 2.6 em long, 2.2 to 2.4 cm across. Pedicellate ovary slender, about 1.4 cm long. Lateral sepals lanceolate, oblique, carinate near the apex, acute, about 2.3 cm long, 7 mm wide. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-oblong, acute, about 2.5 cm long, 7 mm wide. Petals narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, oblique, acute, about 2.2 cm long, 5.75 mm wide. Labellum very slightly unguiculate, broadly oblong, trilobed in outline above the middle, about 1.7 cm long and 9.5 mm wide; lateral lobes very small, ovate-triangular, obtuse, 2 to 2.56 mm long; middle lobe subquadrate, truncate and minutely apiculate, 6 to 6.5 mm wide, with the center callose-elevated and yellow. 8 The Philippine Journal of Science 1986 Disc with a central longitudinal fleshy pubescent zone ending in a distinct callus. Column thick, straight or slightly incurved, concave in front, with winged margins, about 14 mm long. Clinandrium small; anther broadly ovoid, obtuse at the apex, cucullate. Pollinia 2, triangular-ovoid, the dorsal side exca- vated, about 1.5 mm long. MINDANAO, Zamboanga Province, Mount Silingan, Phil. Nat. Herb. 3000 Mrs. K. B. Day, November, 1934. The description was based on living specimens given to the junior author by Mrs. Day and now cultivated in the Bureau of Science orchid house. The flowers have the general ap- pearance and habit of opening of Sarcochilus pallidus. Pedi- cellate ovary chalcedony yellow; sepals and petals white with naphthalene yellow tips; labellum white with the callus on the front lobe apricot yellow; column naphthalene yellow. The genus Bromheadia is new to the Philippines. Bromheadia philippinensis is apparently closely allied to B. alticola Ridl., but differs in its apparently dissimilar habit of growth and the obtuse outward-pointing side lobes of the lip. Genus ASCOGLOSSUM Schlechter ASCOGLOSSUM CALOPTERUM (Reichb. f.) Schltr. Plate 1, figs. 12 and 13; Plate 5, figs. 1 to 10. Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) ScHiTR. in Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu Guinea) (1914) 975; 21 (Fig. Atlas) (1923) t. 343, No. 1824. Saccolabium calopterum REICHB. F. in Gard. Chron. (1882) 2: 520. Cleisostoma cryptochilum F. v. MUELL. in Wing South Sci. Rec. n. 5 1 (1885). Saccolabium Schleinitzianum KRANZL. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 7 (1886) 440. Caules erecti vel curvati, rigidi, teretes, 20 ad 30 cm longi, vix 1 em dimetiente. Folia disticha, rigida, ligulata, approxi- mata, valde coriacea, apice rotundato inaequaliter obtuse bilo- bata, 11 ad 18.5 cm longa, 2 ad 8 cm lata. Inflorescentiae laterales paniculatae, multiflorae, 20 ad 35 cm longae; pedun- culus erectus, rigidus, 12 ad 15 cm longus, vaginis brevibus tubularibus, 4 ad 5 mm longis ornatus. Pedicellus cum ovario gracilis, 11 ad 15 mm longus. Flores inodori feri, purpurei, 15 ad 17 mm longi, 6 ad 8 mm dimetiente; perianthii parte valde reflexae. Sepala lateralia unguiculata, acuta vel obtusa, 9 ad 12 mm longa, 4.5 ad 5 mm lata, ad basim vix 1.25 mm lata, supra medium lobulo ovato-triangulari plus minusve distincto ornata. Sepalum dorsale oblongo-oblanceolatum, acutum vel de Ames and Quisumbing: Philippine Orchids, VI 9 subacutum, 9 ad 10.5 mm longum, 3 ad 3.25 mm latum. Petala elliptico-lanceolata, apice attenuata, acuta, 8.5 ad 9.5 mm longa, 2.75 ad 3 mm lata. Labellum calcaratum, trilobatum; lobi laterales erecti, apice oblique truncati, postice ad columnam at- tingentes; lobus medius e calcaris medio exoriente, minutus, re- flexus, lineari-lanceolatus, apice obtusus, 2.5 ad 3 mm longus, 0.75 ad 0.9 mm latus. Calcar cylindricum, leviter curvatum, apice lateraliter abrupte inflatum et rotundatum, 10.25 ad 11 mm longum. Columna rigida, perbrevis, crassa, 4.5 ad 5 mm alta. Anthera obovoidea, 1.7 ad 1.8 mm longa. Pollinia oblonga. : Roots dark gray, elongate, 3.5 to 4 mm in diameter. Stems erect or curved, rigid, terete, 20 to 30 cm long, about 1 cm in diameter. Leaves distichous, rigid, ligulate, approximate, very leathery, unequally bilobed at the rounded apex with obtuse lobules, 11 to 18.5 cm long, 2 to 3 cm wide. Panicles lateral, many-flowered, 20 to 35 cm long; peduncles erect, rigid, 12 to 15 cm long; sheaths short, tubular, 4 to 5 mm long. Pedicellate ovary slender, 11 to 15 mm long. Flowers odorless, 15 to 17 mm long, 6 to 8 mm wide. Lateral sepals unguiculate, parallel, oblanceolate, acute or obtuse, 9 to 12 mm long, 4.5 to 5 mm wide, the very base about 1.25 mm wide, above the middle provided with a more or less distinct triangular-ovate lobule. Dorsal sepal oblong-oblanceolate, acute or subacute, 9 to 10.5 mm long, 3 to 3.25 mm wide. Petals parallel, elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed to the acute apex, 8.5 to 9.5 mm long, 2.75 to 3 mm wide. Labellum spurred, trilobed; lateral lobes erect, obliquely truncate at the apex, attached to the column at the base; middle lobe very small, linear-lanceolate, reflexed, obtuse at the tip, 2.5 to 3 mm long, 0.75 to 0.9 mm wide. Spur cylindric, elongate, curved, laterally abruptly dilated and rounded at the apex, 10.25 to 11 mm long, 3 to 3.5 mm in diameter at the very apex, when viewed from the front. Column rigid, very short and thick, 4.5 to 5 mm high. Anther obovoid, 1.7 to 1.8 mm long. Pollinia oblong. DINAGAT ISLAND, Osmefia, Dinagat, Phil. Nat. Herb. 387 L. E. Hachero, October, 1933. Growing on tree trunks in the coasta! forests on Dinagat Island, northeast of Mindanao. Living plants were sent to the junior author through Dr. E. B. Cope- land, formerly of the Economic Garden, Bureau of Plant Indus- try, and have flowered in the Bureau of Science orchid house twice—May 12, 1934, and March 6, 1935. The flowers remain fresh on the plant for two weeks. 10 The Philippine Journal of Science 1936 Sepals and petals rosolane purple dotted with true purple; pedicellate ovary aster purple; middle lobe of the labellum and throat onion skin pink; spur pomegranate purple. A very interesting species with very leathery dark green leaves and conspicuous purple flowers, of which the lateral sepals and petals are reflexed and parallel. It differs from any typical Renanthera in its long clavate spur and minute narrow middle lobe of the labellum. This species belongs to the genus Ascoglossum Schltr., a new genus for the Philippines. The genus is closely allied to Re- nanthera but differs in that the lateral lobes reach much higher than the mid-lobe. Genus TRICHOGLOTTIS Blume TRICHOGLOTTIS AGUSANENSIS Ames and Quis. sp. nov. Plate 1, figs. 10 and 11; Plate 6, figs. 1 to 10. Herba epiphytica, erecta, rigida, 22 ad 35 cm alta. Caules foliosi, internodiis 2 ad 3 cm longis. Foliorum vaginae cylin- dricae, internodiis vix aequilongae. Folia disticha, ligulata, coriacea, in sicco rugosa, 14 ad 15.5 cm longa, 1.7 ad 2 em lata, apice inaequaliter rotundato-bilobata. Inflorescentiae opposi- tifoliae, paniculatae, 12 ad 13 cm longae, 10- ad 12-florae. Brac- teae inflorescentiae rigidae, squamiformes, 1.5 ad 2 mm longae. Flores carnosi, 16 ad 17 mm dimetiente. Sepala lateralia ovato-elliptica, acuta vel subacuta, 8.5 ad 9.5 mm longa, 6 ad 6.5 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale obovato-ellipticum, apice late rotundatum, 9 ad 10 mm longum, 6 ad 6.5 mm latum. Petala elliptico-obovata, apice rotundata, 8.5 ad 9 mm longa, 4.5 ad 5.5 lata. Labellum basi breviter saccatum, 3-lobatum, 8 ad 9 mm longum; lobi laterales breves, erecti, indistincti, 1 ad 1.25 mm alti; lobus medius lanceolatus, antice attenuatus, supra medium abrupte inflexus, apice ipso truncato-dilatatus. Discus valde calloso-incrassatus et pubescens. Epiphytes with elongated roots. Stems rigid, foliose, erect or more or less arcuate, 22 to 35 cm high; internodes 2 to 3 cm long. Leaf sheaths cylindric, almost as long as the internodes. Leaves distichous, ligulate, coriaceous, rugose when dry, 14 to 15.5 cm long, 1.7 to 2 em wide, unequally bilobed at the apex with rounded lobules. Inflorescences opposite the leaves, shorter than the leaves, paniculate, 12 to 13 cm long, 10- to 12-flowered. Bracts of the fractiflex inflorescence rigid, squamiform, concave, 1.5 to 2 mm long. Flowers fleshy, odorless, 16 to 17 cm across. Pedicellate ovary, 10 to 11 mm long. Lateral sepals ovate- 59,1 Ames and Quisumbing: Philippine Orchids, VI 11 elliptic, acute or subacute, 8.5 to 9.5 mm long, 6 to 6.5 mm wide. Dorsal sepal obovate-elliptic, broadly rounded at the apex, 9 to 10 mm long, 6 to 6.5 mm wide. Petals elliptic-obovate, rounded at the apex, 8.5 to 9 mm long, 4.5 to 5.5 mm wide. Labellum 3-lobed, shallowly saccate at base, 8 to 9 mm long; lateral lobes short, erect, indistinct, with free portion 1 to 1.25 mm high; middle lobe lanceolate, attenuate toward the apex, above the middle abruptly inflexed, truncate dilated at the very tip. Disc strongly callose-thickened and pubescent through the center. Between the basal lobes there is a ligulate, pubescent upcurved appendage which is about 2.5 mm long. Gynostemium very short and stout, pubescent, with a pair of falcate, narrow, elongate, pubescent auricles which are 2.5 to 3 mm long. LUZON, Rizal Province, Mariquina, Mrs. M. L. Quezon’s gar- dens, Phil. Nat. Herb. 3005 EF. Quisumbing, January 16, 1935. The living plants were sent from Agusan by Attorney José Rodriguez. Pedicellate ovary lumiere green. Sepals and petals bright chalcedony yellow lined with vinaceous rufous. Lateral lobes of the lip white; the middle lobe white with two eugenia red lines above, apex and base between the lateral lobes cad- mium yellow, callus white. This species is allied to Trichoglottis ionosma (Lindl.) J. J. Sm., but is a much smaller plant throughout with less prominent spurred base to the lip. Fre. 1. oy 10. 13. ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE 1 Bromheadia philippinensis Ames and Quis. sp. nov., front view of flower, X 1. . Bromheadia philippinensis Ames and Quis. sp. nov., side view of flower, X 1. . Nephelaphyllum mindorense Ames, front view of flower, x 2. . Nephelaphyllum mindorense Ames, side view of flower, x 2. . Dendrobium bukidnonense Ames and Quis. sp. nov., front view of flower, X 2 (circa). . Dendrobium bukidnonense Ames and Quis. sp. nov., side view of flower, X 2 (circa). . Plocoglottis lucbanensis Ames, front view of flower, x 1. . Plocoglottis lucbanensis Ames, side view of flower, x 1. . Malaxis purpureifiora Ames and Quis. sp. nov., front view of flower (natural position), xX 3 (circa). Trichoglottis agusanensis Ames and Quis. sp. nov., front view of flower, X 2. . Trichoglottis agusanensis Ames and Quis. sp. nov., side view of flower, X 2. . Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) Schltr., front view of flower, x. Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) Schltr., side view of flower, pti Ip PLATE 2 Malaxis purpureifiora Ames and Quis. sp. nov.: 1, dorsal sepal, xX 5.5; 2, petal, x 5.5; 3, lateral sepal, x 5.5; 4, front view of column and labellum (natural position), x 5.5; 5, side view of ovary, column, and labellum (natural position) x 5.5; 6, anther from above, < 14; 7, anther from below, x 14; 8, pollinia, very much enlarged. (All figures drawn with aid of camera lucida.) Plocoglottis lucbanensis Ames: 9, dorsal sepal, from back, x 2; 10, side view of dorsal sepal, X 2; 11, petal (flattened), x 2; 12, ex- terior view of lateral sepal, x 2; 13, side view of lateral sepal, x 2; 14, side view of ovary, column, and labellum (natural position), X 4; 15, front view of column, xX 4; 16, column and labellum (natural position) from above, xX 4; 17, labellum from above (natural position), x 4; 18, labellum from above (stretched out), X 4; 19, anther from above, X 7; 20, anther from below, x 7. (Figs. 19 and 20 were drawn with the aid of a camera lucida.) 13 14 The Philippine Journal of Science 1936 Nephelaphyllum mindorense Ames: 21, dorsal sepal, X 3; 22, petal, X 3; 23, lateral sepal, x 3; 24, side view of ovary, column, and la- bellum (natural position), xX 3; 25, labellum from above (nat- ural position), X 38; 26, labellum from above (stretched out), x 8; 27, front view of spur, X 4; 28, front view of column, x 8; 29, side view of column, X 3; 30, anther from above, < 5.5; 31, anther from below, X 5.5. (Figs. 30 and 31 were drawn with the aid of a camera lucida.) PLATE 3 Dendrobium bukidnonense Ames and Quis. sp. nov.: 1, dorsal sepal, X 7; 2, petal, X 7; 2, lateral sepal, x 17; 4, labellum from above (somewhat expanded), xX 4; 5, side view of ovary and column, x 7; 6, front view of column, X 7; 7, anther, X 11. PLATE 4 Bromheadia philippinensis sp. nov.: 1, dorsal sepal, xX 2; 2, petal, x 2; 8, lateral sepal, X 2; 4, labellum from above (natural position), x 4; 5, labellum from above, (stretched out), x 4; 6, front view of column, X 4; 7, side view of column, X 4; 8, pollinia, pe PLATE 5 Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) Schltr.: 1, habit, one-third natural size; 2, dorsal sepal, X 2.66 (circa); 3, petal, x 2.66 (circa); 4, lateral sepal, X 2.66 (circa); 5, front view of flower, x 2; 6, side view of flower, = 4 > io ae i No. 59, SCI., JOURN, [ PHILIP, PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI.] PLATE 4 AMES AND QUISUMBIN peteenin meetin cernwinrn ences SS Sse te Cree SS eta : AMES AND QUISUMBING: PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI.] [PH1LIp. JouRN. Sci., 59, No. 1. Fi = = = — PLATE 5. No. 1. 9, 5 ScL., JOURN, PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI.] [PHILIP. AMES AND QUISUMBING: Mi/t/)} SO MUAHHH HIS - PLATE 6. AMES AND QUISUMBING: PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI.] [PHILIP. JouRN. Sct., 59, No. 1. PEATE 7. AMES AND QUISUMBING: PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS, VI. ] [PHILIP. JouRN. Scr., 59, No. 1. = = PLATE 8. ‘6 ALV Id ‘TON ‘66 “10S “N4NOL “aITIH ] [LA ‘SIHOYO ANIddIUHG :DNIAWOSING GNV SaWV srorviene and Commerce, ‘suat-oties box 302, Manila, ff 4; _ One hundred separates of each paper published in furnished to the author without charge. Additional copies ay be the author’s expense if ordered when the maar is iC submitt publication. 8 dollars United States eurrency per year. Single PE FEO A 5 _ Subscriptions may be sent to the Chief, Division of Pub partment of Agriculture and Commerce, ee gies a if or to any of the agents listed below. © te ee me should: be addressed: Scientific Library Division, Department ture and Commerce, post-office box 774, Manila, P. 1 | a : eo AGENTS oe" oe apes teas, Sp Matsa Nijhoff, Lange Voorhout 9, The Hague, Holland. — ; G. E. Stechert & Co., 31-33 East 10th Street, New York, oe ee Tae Seah “ae ee ‘ Gh Jaareeeh Seg ave crip SI nn a ORAKA ag 6 yw : Ti 7 *h ‘ NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS VII By OAKES AMES DIRECTOR OF THE BOTANIC GARDENS, HARVARD UNIVERSITY WITH FOUR ETCHINGS BY BLANCHE AMES @ [ Reprinted from Orchidacee, Fascicle VI | BOSTON THE MERRYMOUNT PRESS 1920 COPYRIGHT, 1920, BY OAKES AMES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED D. B. UPDIKE + THE MERRYMOUNT PRESS + BOSTON NOTES ON PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS WITH DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES, VII INCE the publication of my enumeration of the genera and species of Philippine orchids in the fifth fascicle of the pres- ent work numerous collections have been received, both from the Bureau of Science and from private collectors, that have con- tained new or noteworthy species. Although it has been impos- sible on account of the war to make a detailed study of the ma- terial that has accumulated, I have set aside from time to time, specimens that seem to be obviously new to the Philippine flora. Such of these as proved to be undescribed or worthy of attention are included in the following list. It has become apparent thatnumerous genera of Philippine or- chids need to be thoroughly reworked if we are to profit from the material that has been referred, often tentatively, to various spe- cies that were originally described from a limited number ofspeci- mens or from a single plant. This is true especially of Bulbophyl- lum, Dendrobium, Dendrochilum, Eria, Liparis and Malaxis. In these genera there are many species that may be too laxly de- fined or too closely circumscribed. Critical work in the field may be necessary, together with a careful study of Malayan types, to solve some of the problems suggested by Malaxis. This genus constitutes a very puzzling group which, when studied from her- barium material, presents anexasperating number of perplexities. Dendrochilum needs to be examined very thoroughly from the point of view of distribution. It would seem that many species of the section Acoridium are localized or restricted in their range to the higher altitudes of isolated mountains. Here we have an opportunity for investigations that may conclusively prove that ORCHIDACE many species of Dendrochilum are characterized by a remark- able tendency toward montane endemism. Of course it is quite probable that the apparent isolation of Dendrochilum irigense Ames on Mount Iriga, of D. ocellatum Pfitz. on Mount Data and of D.sphacelatum Pfitz. on Mount Santo Tomas, to mention only a few of many examples, may be the result of incomplete know- ledge of their actual distribution. If it were not for the repeated discovery of some of these species in their original stations, and for their absence from collections made elsewhere, the suggestion that deductions as to restricted distribution are premature at this time might be seriously entertained. At least until there is evi- dence to the contrary, it will be well to act on the hypothesis that the alpine species of Dendrochilum are often endemic on isolated mountains. Although the evidence obtained from an examination of re- cent collections indicates that we have made substantial progress toward a comprehensive survey of the Philippine orchid flora, it is highly probable that unexplored and lightly touched regions, especially the mountainous regions of Mindanao and Mindoro, will bring to light many new species. It is very desirable that Mount Halcon should be ascended again for botanical purposes. Some of the species obtained on this mountain by Merrill in 1906 have not since appeared in collections from other sources, and many of them are represented in herbaria by very scanty mate- rial. Mount Data would seem to have an exceptionally interest- ing orchid flora, and an effort to assemble it would be distinctly worth while. Some of the species described from specimens col- lected on Mount Data should again be sought for. I have in mind especially Dendrochilum olganthum Pfitz.and D.ocellatum Pfitz., two very remarkable species that are poorly represented by the material obtained in 1905 by Merrill. Even though the ORCHIDACEAE botanical activities of the Bureau of Science and of private col- lectors have been pretty constant during the last fifteen years, there are numerous orchids that are represented in herbaria by the specimens of a single collection. This is in part accounted for by the tendency of orchids to occur sporadically, but is largely due to the fact that there are regions in which botanical exploration has been limited to a single effort or to a cursory examination. From time to time the relationship of the Philippine flora to that of the other Malayan islands has been discussed. In the fifth fascicle of this work I referred to the subject very briefly and indicated that the alliance between the orchid floras of the Phil- ippines, Celebes and Java was somewhat close. Recently I have had an opportunity to study the Bornean collections of Chaplain Joseph Clemens. Although these were confined to Mount Kina- balu in British North Borneo, they tend to show that the rela- tionship between the orchid flora of the Philippines and that of Borneo is not so close as geographical considerations would seem to indicate. In my studies I was deeply impressed by the absence of species from the Bornean collections that are common to the higher altitudes of the Philippines. Under Dendrochilum in the enumeration of the orchids of Mount Kinabalu I have discussed this point at some length, and the remarks made therein are applicable in general to the other Bornean orchid genera. Until we know more about the floras of Borneo and Sumatra it will be impossible to arrive at satisfactory conclusions regarding the distribution of orchids in the Malayan tropics. It is becoming clear that endemism is more pronounced than we had believed, and that many of those species now supposed to extend over a wide range may prove to be made up of several different species, each one restricted to a well-defined area. Of course there are dominant species, such for example, as Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) ORCHIDACEA Ames and Eulophia squalida Lindl. that extend over a wide range, but the majority of orchids, if conclusions based on present knowledge are to be relied on, are held within comparatively small geographical areas and are restrained in their distribution by influences of which we have little or no understanding. This lesson is easily learned from a study of those Philippine species that seem to be localized on an island or within a province. In the following list the genera are arranged, with a few ex- ceptions, in the sequence adopted in the fifth fascicle of Orchi- daceae. This arrangement follows closely the system proposed by Engler and Prantl. HABENARIA Willd. Habenaria malintana (Blanco) Merrill Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 112. Thelymitra malintana Blanco Flora de Filipinas (1887) 642. Habenaria pelorioides Par. & Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1874) 135, 139, t. 27, f. A, 1-8. Habenaria tri- nervis Naves Novis. App. (1880) 250 non Wight. If Professor Elmer D. Merrill’s conclusions are adopted, the synonymy given above would seem to be correct for the Philip- pine plant that has been referred to Habenaria pelorioides Par. & Reichb. f. in my previous lists of Philippine orchids. Merrill, with exceptional opportunities for exactitude and finality, has given concentrated attention to the task of clarifying obscure species described by Blanco, so that his conclusions must be re- garded as authoritative. Aside from the very rambling descrip- tion published in Flora de Filipinas, there are references that, once the clue to the species is given, seem to leave little, if any, room for doubt as to the plant Blanco wished to characterize. In the Novissima Appendix Naves referred Thelymitra malin- tana to the synonymy of Habenaria trinervia Wight, but on ORCHIDACE what assumption I do not know. In the Philippines Habenaria malintana appears to be common in Luzon. VANILLA Juss. Vanilla calopogon Reichb. f: Otia Bot. Hamb. Fase. 1 (1878) 40. This appears to be a very rare species. Among the collections examined I have seen only three sets of specimens. Vanilla calo- pogon Reichb. f. is readily distinguished from V’. ovalis Blanco, the only other species of the genus heretofore reported from the Philippine Islands, by its leafless stems and white flowers. Up to the present time this species has been found only in Luzon. The following collection is worthy of a record. Luzon, Ilicos Norte Province, Burgos, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 32928, J uly 20, 1918. In dry thickets. Flowers white. LECANORCHIS Bi. Lecanorchis javanica B/. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 188. L. triloba J. J. Sm. in Bull. Dépt. Agric. Ind. Néerl. 19 (1908) 26. In Fascicle V of this work, I adopted for this species the name proposed by J. J. Smith in Bull. Dépt. Agric. Ind. Néerl. Smith is now of the opinion that L. triloba should be added to the syn- onymy of L. javanica Bl., on the assumption that Blume must have described his species from a peloric form in which the label- lum was entire instead of being normal and three-lobed. The type of L. javanica at Leiden is in poor condition and insuffi- cient to establish beyond doubt that Smith is correct. Smith has examined material from western Java that is characterized by a three-lobed lip, and his studies have convinced him that L. triloba is not a distinct species, but simply the normal state of LL. gavanica. ORCHIDACE PHILIPPINAEA Schltr. & Ames gen. nov. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, extus glanduloso-pubescentia, sac- cum labelli occludentia. Sepalum dorsale petalis adhaerens, extus glanduloso-pubescens, concavum. Petala membranacea, oblongo-lanceolata, sepalum dorsale aequantia. Labellum gy- nostemio adnatum, basi saccato-gibbosa; saccus scrotiformis, intus utrinque squamis clavatis ornatus; lamina labelli in par- tes duas divisa, pars basalis orbicularis antice pectinato-dentata, pars apicalis unguiculata, dilatata, obtuse triangularis. Discus labelli bicarinatus. Gynostemium valde elongatum, sepalum dor- sale aequans; stigma indivisum; rostellum profunde bifidum, di- visionibus inaequaliter bilobatis, lobis exterioribus obtusis, lobis interioribus elongatis, lineari-triangularibus, acutis. Clinandrium tubulare. Anthera elongata, navicularis. Pollinia sectilia, sessilia in disco rostelli. Ovarium glanduloso-pubescens. Herba terrestris, succulenta, caulescens, inferne repens; foliis alternis, congestis, in petiolum latum vaginantem angustatis; scapo laxe vaginato, elongato; floribus in racemo elongato dispositis. Philippinaea Wenzelii (Ames) Schitr. & Ames comb. nov. Adenostylis Wenzelii Ames Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 41. The genus Philippinaea differs from Adenostylis in the details of the gynostemium and labellum. From the African members of Platylepis it is separable generically by the lip characters, although in the elongated column and in the rostellar divisions it shows close relationship with Platylepis through P. good- yeroides A. Rich. Philippinaea is endemic in the Philippines. It is monotypic and from evidence based on collections is only known from Leyte, Mindanao and Luzon. The material on which thegenus is founded was originallyreferred to Adenostylis and published in Fascicle V of Orchidaceae as 4. Wenzelii. Before publication I invited the ORCHIDACEAL opinion of Dr. Rudolf Schlechter as to its generic characters. He agreed with me that the species was new and probably re- ferable to the section Monochilus of Adenostylis. Later Dr. Schlechter revised his opinion and we agreed that a new genus should be recognized to receive the Philippine species. Further studies indicated relationship to the genus Platylepis which has representatives in Africa, Mascarene Islands, New Guinea, etc. It would seem to indicate affinity to Platylepis through Pap- uan and Pacific types of which the relationship to African spe- cies of Platylepis is not yet wholly clear. Present records prove that Philippinaea is the only endemic orchid genus of the Philippine Islands. If it should remain so, it would be within reason to assume that the majority of the orchid species of the Philippines have originated in the archi- pelago and that their phylogeny may be traced to the species of Celebes, Java, Borneo and Sumatra. (PLATE 100.) Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0210 (Type), July 21, 1913. 60 meters altitude. Flowers white; Ormoc, Wenzel 0119, April 28, 1913. Terres- trial in forest. 200 meters altitude. Flowers white; Jaro, Wenzel 0510, July 25, 1914. 500 meters altitude. Terrestrial in forest. Sepals and petals green, labellum white and pink. Minpanao, Province of Agusan, Mount Urdaneta, 4. D. E. Elmer 13884, September 1912. Erect, succulent, ter- restrial herb in good soil of deep humus in forest, along the side of the Catangan Creek, at 3000 feet altitude. Luzon, Province of Sorsogén, Mount Balusan, Elmer 16668, July 1916. COELOGYNE Lindi. Coelogyne Loheri Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1908) 414. The labellum of this species was originally described as five- carinate. I find that the number of carinae is variable. In material that I have referred to this species, three carinae seem to consti- tute the average. A specimen in the United States National Her- barium, Loher 549, that I regard as a duplicate type of C. Loheri, has atricarinate labellum. In comparison with its Philippineallies, ORCHIDACEA the narrow leaves constitute the most conspicuous differenti- ating character in the recognition of this species. Luzon, Bontoe Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1197, March— May 1911; Vanoverbergh 2867, April 4, 1913. 1700 meters altitude; Vanoverbergh 3906, June-July 1914. 1700 meters altitude. Flowers white and yellowish-brown; Vanoverbergh 4041, 1916. Coelogyne quinquelamellata Ames sp. nov. Radices fibra- tae, ramosae; pseudobulbi diphylli, 4-9 cm. longi, anguste pyri- formes vel ampullacei, subtetragoni, prope basim +1.5 cm. in crassitudine, valde rugosi, juniores vaginis coriaceis acutis tecti. Vaginae distichae, in sicco rigidae, +5 cm. longae. Folia 10-30 em. longa, 1.5—4.5 em. lata, oblongo-elliptica, utrinque attenuata, acuta, valde coriacea, in sicco nervosa, erecta, scapo longiora, breviter petiolata. Scapus erectus, rigidus, +3 dm. longus, initio foliis juvenilibus synanthus, versus antheseos finem hysteranthus, folia demum superans, basi nudus, multiflorus, compressus. Flores rubri, succedanei. Rachis flexuosa. Bracteae inflorescentiae elon- gatae, 2.5 cm. longae, glumaceae, lanceolatae, acutae, ovaria pedicellata superantes, cum floribus deciduae, super flores arc- tissime imbricatae. Sepala lateralia 11 mm. longa, +4 mm. lata, lanceolata, acuta. Sepalum dorsale 12 mm. longum, circa 7 mm. latum, ovato-lanceolatum, acutum, valde concavum, suberectum. Petala linearia, 9 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, prope apicem atten- uata. Labellum simplex, 7 mm. longum, circa 1 cm. latum, trans- verse ellipticum, minute apiculatum, prope basim lamellis quin- que, obtuse triangularibus, erectis, 1-2 mm. longis, abbreviatis praeditum. Gynostemium arcuatum, apice late alatum. This very distinct species belongs to the section Longifoliae. It is at oncedistinguishable from all other members of the genus, heretofore reported from the Philippine Islands, by means of the five abbreviated lamellae at the base of the labellum. In ORCHIDACE general habit the plant resembles Coelogyne longifolia Lindl. Wenzel describes the flowers as red in all specimens except the one collected on August 30, 1917. In this specimen the sepals and petals are orange, while the labellum is orange and white. Minpanao, Surigao Province, C. A. Wenzel 01206 (Type), September 22, 1917. Epiphyte in forest. 150 meters altitude. Flowers red; Wenzel 01175, August 23, 1917; Wenzel 01179, August 20, 1917; Wenzel 01182, Au- gust 30, 1917. DENDROCHILUM Bi. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) binuangense Ames sp. nov. Radices fibratae. Pseudobulbi +1 cm. longi, semifusiformes, in sicco plurisulcati, monophylli, juniores vaginis inclusi. Folium 4-8 cm. longum, 6-11 mm. latum, anguste oblongo-ellipticum, utrinque attenuatum, obtusum, coriaceum, in sicco prominenter trinervium, nervis lateralibus submarginatis. Petiolus abbrevia- tus. Pedunculus cum racemo +1 dm. longus, folio multo longior, infra inflorescentiam bracteis infundibuliformibus ornatus. Ra- cemus +8 cm. longus, gracilis, elongatus, arcuatus, multiflorus. Flores distichi, albidi, circa 1 mm. distantes. Bracteae inflores- centiae circa 4 mm. longae, glumaceae, semiovatae, acuminatae, valde acutae, ovaria pedicellata superantes. Sepala lateralia 3.75- 4mm. longa, circa 1 mm. lata, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, valde acuta, uninervia. Sepalum dorsale circa 4 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum, anguste oblongo-lanceolatum, acuminatum, acu- tum, uninervium. Petala 3 mm. longa, anguste oblongo-lan- ceolata, acuta, uninervia. Labellum minutum, trilobatum, lobis lateralibus columnam excedentibus; lobi laterales vix 1 mm. longi, circa 1 mm. lati ad apicem, subcuneati, truncato-obtusi, lobum medium multo excedentes; lobus medius tridentatus, carnosus, vix .5 mm. longus, dentibus triangularibus subaequali- bus; discus valde eoncavus, callo minuto lineari ornatus. Calli ORCHIDACE duo, complanati, unus prope basim lobi lateralis utriusque. Co- lumna minuta, rostellum prominens. Dendrochilum binuangense at first glance resembles D. mi- crochilum (Schitr.) Ames so closely that it might readily be mis- taken for it. The floral bracts are acuminate and end in a sharp triangular point, and the lateral lobes of the labellum are con- spicuously longer than the middle lobe, exceeding the column when erect. In D. microchilum, on the other hand, the floral bracts are obtuse and the lateral lobes of the labellum are not much longer than the middle lobe. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mount Binuang, Ramos & Edano Bur. Sci. 28620, May 27, 1917. 500 meters altitude. Found on the summit of the mountain on a tree. Flowers white. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) cinnabarinum Pfitz. in Engl. Pflanzenreich IV, 50. II. B. 7 (1907) 104. This very distinct species, of which a detailed account was given in Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 10, t. 27, was originally reported from Benguet Province, Luzon, without precise data. Since its discovery by A. Loher it has been collected several times, but always on Mount Pulog, and would seem to be restricted in its distribution. Luzon, Benguet Province, Mount Pulog, Elmer D. Merrill 6475, May 1909. In mossy forest. 7500 feet altitude; 2. C. McGregor Bur. Sci. 8844, July 1909; Curran, Merritt & Zschokke For. Bur. 16348, January 1909. In hard wood forest on tree. 8800 feet altitude. Flowers coral red; George Boettcher, June 1918. Flowers blood red. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) ecallosum Ames sp. nov. Ra- dices fibratae, elongatae. Pseudobulbi caespitosi, 12-20 mm. longi, pyriformes, in sicco valde rugosi, longitudinaliter sulcati, fla- vescentes, usque ad apicem attenuati, monophylli. Folium peti- olatum, cum petiolo 6-10 cm. longum, 1.3-2 em. latum, ob- longo-ellipticum, subacutum, in sicco nervosum, nervo marginali ORCHIDACEA utrinque addito, coriaceum, in petiolum subito contractum. Pe- tiolus +1.5 cm. longus, superne sulcatus. Pedunculus cum racemo folio fere explanato synanthus eoque fere duplo longior, nutans, gracilis, 1.5-2 dm. longus. Racemus 7 cm. longus, subdensiflorus. Bracteae inflorescentiae 3 mm. longae, glumaceae, convolutae, ovaria pedicellata superantes, subacutae. Flores distichi, 2 mm. distantes in racemo, in sicco flavescentes. Pedicellus cum ovario 2 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia 3.5 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, ob- longo-lanceolata, acuta, trinervia, subpatentia. Sepalum dorsale 3.5 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum, oblongo-lanceolatum, acutum, trinervium. Petala circa 3 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, oblongo-ellip- tica, acuta, trinervia. Labellum circa 3 mm. longum, super me- dium 1.5 mm. latum, oblanceolatum, acutum, trinervium, ecal- losum. Columna crassa, 1 mm. longa, columnae Dendrochili bi- callost similis, lacinia utraque reducta in dentem truncatum alae terminali adsistentem, cujus illa pars fieri videtur; ala termina- lis truncata, denticulata. Dendrochilum ecallosum is very closely related to D. propin- quum Ames, but differs from it in the much smaller dimensions of all its parts. The ecallose labellum and marginate leaves serve to distinguish it from D. bicallosum Ames. CatranpuaNnEs Istanp, Mount Mariquidon, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 30240, November 30, 1917. 140 meters altitude. On tree in forest. Flowers salmon colored. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Loheri Ames Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 12, t. 27. This rare species which is represented by material recently col- lected on Mount Santo'Tomas by Boettcher was originally found in Benguet Province, Luzon, by A. Loher and distributed without being localized. On the evidence of herbarium material it would seem to be confined to Mount Santo Tomas and Mount Pulog. ORCHIDACEA Luzon, Benguet Province, Mount Pulog, Elmer D. Merrill 6476, May 1909; Mount Santo Tomas, George Boettcher, May 1918. Flowers rose colored. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) niveum Ames sp. nov. Radices validae, glabrae. Pseudobulbi caespitosi, statu juvenili vaginis tubulatis tecti. Vaginae usque ad 4 cm. longae, obtusae. Folium ligulatum, circa 1 dm. longum, 2 cm. latum, utrinque attenua- tum, in sicco nervosum, nervo medio subtus magis prominenti. Pedunculus cum racemo 21 cm. longus, gracilis, infra inflores- centiam bractea singula ornatus. Racemus gracilis, 12 cm. longus, laxiflorus. Bracteae inflorescentiae glumaceae, +3.5 mm. longae, convolutae, ovaria pedicellata superantes. Pedicellus cum ovario circa 3 mm. longus. Flores distichi, nivei, circa 3 mm. distantes. Sepala lateralia 5-6 mm. longa, circa 1.5 mm. lata infra medium, triangulari-lanceolata, acuminata, valde acuta, trinervia. Sepalum dorsale 5-6 mm. longum, vix 2 mm. latum, anguste oblongo- lanceolatum, acuminatum, acutum, trinervium. Petala 5 mm. longa, circa 1 mm. lata, oblongo-lanceolata, minutissime denti- culata, acuminata, valde acuta, trinervia. Labellum usque ad 3 mm. longum, trilobatum, callo parvo in nervo utroque paulo infra medium; lobi laterales tertiam partem labelli aequantes, rotundati, obtusi, minutissime denticulati; lobus medius sub- orbicularis, 2 mm. longus, vix 2 mm. latus, subito acutus vel obtusus. Columna circa 2 mm. longa; stelidia lateralia prope medium columnae exserta, longe lineari-triangularia, acuta, alam apicalem haud aequantia; ala terminalis variabilis, minutissime lobulata vel retusa. The nearest affinity of Dendrochilum niveum appears to be D. filiforme Lindl., which has smaller flowers in denser racemes and a very different labellum. The type consists of a single plant in which the pseudobulb is immature and still clothed by the ORCHIDACE# elongated tubular sheath that conceals the petiole of the leaf and the base of the peduncle. Luzon, Kalinga Province, George Boettcher, March 19, 1918. 1000 me- ters altitude. Flowers white. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) propinquum 4 mes sp.nov. Ra- dices fibratae, elongatae. Rhizoma repens. Pseudobulbi 2.5-3.3 em. longi, anguste pyriformes, approximati, superne attenuati, monophylli, juniores vaginis tubulatis acutis pseudobulbum su- perantibus inclusi, insicco valde rugosi. Folium petiolatum, 17-20 em. longum, circa 3 cm. latum, oblongo-lanceolatum, utrinque attenuatum, nervosum, subacutum, nervo marginali utrinque ad- dito, medio subtus multo magis prominenti, lamina folii coriacea. Petiolus sulcatus. Pedunculus folio fere explanato synanthus eoque fere duplo longior, nutans, subdensiflorus. Racemus gra- cilis, 12-16 cm. longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae circa 5 mm. longae, convolutae, glumaceae, ovaria pedicellata superantes, ob- tusae, persistentes. Flores distichi, flavidi. Sepala lateralia 4.5—5 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, subacuta, trinervia, ecari- nata, nervo medio solo subtus prominenti. Sepalum dorsale 5 mm. longum, oblongum, obtusum, trinervium. Petala 4 mm. _ longa, 2.5 mm. lata, cuneato-ovata, obtusa, trinervia. Labellum simile, simplex, 4mm. longum, 2.5 mm. latum, breviter unguicu- latum, prope basim incrassatum, ad apicem subacutum; discus ecallosus, trinervius, nervis incrassatis. Columna crassa, 1.75 mm. longa, columnae Dendrochili bicallost similis, lacinia utraque re- ducta in dentem obtusum alae terminali adsistentem, cujus illa pars fieri videtur; ala terminalis paucidentata. Dendrochilum propinquum is anear ally of D. bicallosum Ames. From this species it differs conspicuously in the ecallose lip which is similar to the petals. The structure of the column brings D. propinguum into that ORCHIDACE small group of Philippine Dendrochilum species which appears to be transitional between § Platyclinis and § Acoridium. The lateral arms or stelidia are apical, but have the aspect of being lobes of the terminal wing. The flowers are reddish-brown in dried specimens. The col- lector’s notes describe them as having been yellow in living plants. In fruiting specimens, surely referable to this species, the ma- ture capsules are spherical and about 8 mm. in diameter. The prominent marginal veins of the leaf are a conspicuous differentiating character between this species and D. bicalloswm. Leyre, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0805 (Type), December 27, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 700 meters altitude. Flowers yellow; Wenzel 0809, December 27, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 700 meters altitude. Flowers yellow. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) purpureum A mes sp. nov. Ra- dices fibratae, validae, elongatae. Pseudobulbi +2 cm. longi, an- guste pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, longitudinaliter et irregulariter sulcati, statu juvenili vaginis arcte adpressis vestiti, monophylli. Bracteae vel vaginae longe tubulatae, usque ad 7 cm. longae, in sicco brunneae, petiolum folii occludentes. Folium cum petiolo +1.5 dm. longum, 1-2 cm. latum, ligulatum, utrinque attenua- tum, acutum, in sicco prominenter quinquenervium. Pedunculus cum racemo usque ad 2.5 dm. longus, gracilis, folio longior, infra inflorescentiam bracteis sterilibus imbricatis vestitus. Racemus +8 cm. longus. Flores purpurei, distichi, in racemo subdenso dis- positi, circa 2 mm. distantes, valde carnosi. Bracteae inflorescen- tiae circa 2 mm. longae, glumaceae, ovaria pedicellata superantes, obtusae. Pedicellus cum ovario vix 2 mm. longus. Sepala peta- laque valde carnosa. Sepala lateralia circa 4 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata, lanceolata, acuta, trinervia. Sepalum dorsale 5 mm. longum, 2 mm. latum, anguste oblongo-ellipticum, acutum, trinervium. ORCHIDACEAE Petala circa 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, cuneato-ovata vel sagit- tata, variabilia, acuminata, acuta, trinervia. Labellum simplex, integrum, valde carnosum, 2 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum, trul- liforme, obtusum, sessile, subcordatum, prope basim in foveam excavatum, ecallosum. Gynostemium breve. In general aspect this species resembles Dendrochilum philip- pinense Pfitz., but is distinguishable from it by the simple trowel- shaped labellum. When immature the pseudobulbs are concealed by tubular bracts the lowermost of which are much reduced. The uppermost bract conceals the petiole of the leaf and the base of the peduncle. As the plants mature these bracts gradually disintegrate and are finally represented only by fibrous remains. Luzon, Apayo Province, Mount Pasoan, George Boettcher, January 1, 1918. 2000 meters altitude. Flowers purple. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) sphacelatum (Ames) Pfitz. in Engl. Pflanzenreich IV, 50. II. B. 7 (1907) 112. The absence of this species from the wealth of material re- ceived from the Philippines since 1905 had led me to believe that it represented, perhaps, an aberrant form of the more com- mon and widely distributed D. tenellum Ames. Very recently George Boettcher visited the type station and secured an abun- dance of specimens that correspond in detail with the type. A re- examination of the material in my herbarium substantiates the conclusions presented in Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 2, t. 1. D. sphace- latum in its distribution confirms my belief that those species of Dendrochilum that are alpestrine in their requirements are very often confined to particular mountains or mountain ranges. This is a subject on which the attention of collectors should be con- centrated. Luzon, Benguet Province, Mount Santo Tomas, George Boettcher, May 1918. ORCHIDACEA MALAXIS Soland. ex Sw. Malaxis cuneipetala Ames sp. nov. Radices fibratae. Caules abbreviati, +3 em. alti, vaginis foliorum obtecti. Folia conferta, petiolata; lamina +1 dm. longa, usque ad 4.5 em. lata, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, chartacea, prominenter septemnervia. Petiolus late sulcatus, +6 cm. longus, circa 6 mm. latus, ad basim imbricatus. Pedunculus gracilis, elongatus, cum racemo usque ad 2 dm. longus, multiflorus. Flores aurantiaci, succedanei, in racemo subdenso dispositi. Bracteae inflorescentiae demum dependentes, 3-10 mm. longae, in sicco chartaceae, line- ari-lanceolatae, valde acutae. Pedicellus cum ovario circa 5 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, orbicularia, valde obtusa. Sepalum dorsale 5 mm. longum, 2.5 mm. latum, oblongum, obtusum, trinervium, prope basim sensim attenua- tum. Petala cuneiformia, usque ad 4.5 mm. longa, 3.5-4 mm. lata, ad basim valde attenuata, unguiculata. Labellum cum au- riculis circa 4.5 mm. longum, 2.5 mm. latum, ambitu ellipticum, antice utrinque unilobulatum, lobo intermedio semirotundato, bifido, .75 mm. longo, 1 mm. lato, auriculis 1.75 mm. longis, circa 1 mm. latis, faleatis, obtusis, convergentibus. Gynostemium breve. Malaxis cuneipetala is remarkable because of its extraordina- rily wide cuneiform or cuneate-rhombic petals which are wider than the sepals. The front part of the labellum is trilobed at the tip, the lateral lobes or rather lobules being much shorter and narrower than the bifid middle lobe. Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0724, November 24, 1914. Terrestrial in forest. 800 meters altitude. Flowers orange. Malaxis negrosiana 4 mes in Elmer Leaf. Phil. Bot. 5 (1912) 1561. Several specimens from Leyte referable to this species exhibit ORCHIDACE slight differences from the type. The stems are shorter, about 2 cm. in length, tumid at the base. The plants are much smaller with the lanceolate leaves 1 dm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, promi- nently five-nerved. The peduncle including the raceme is about 1 dm. long. The auricles of the labellum are 1 mm. long. Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0641, November 12, 1914. Epiphyte. Flowers lilac. 600 meters altitude. Malaxis propinqua Ames sp. nov. Herba parvula, terrestris, 8-15 cm.alta cum racemo, di- vel trifoliata. Caulis aliquid crassus, 2-3 cm. longus, ad basim tumidus vel bulbosus, bracteis tubu- latis scariosis vestitus. Folia succulenta, conferta, inaequalia, 1.5— 4 cm. longa, 7-33 mm. lata, lanceolata et valde ovata, subacuta, subcordata, amplexicaulia, conspicue quinque- ad septemnervia in sicco. Scapus cum racemo 5.5—12 cm. longus, longitudinaliter sulcatus, infra racemum paucibracteatus. Bracteae inflorescentiae +3 mm. longae, anguste lanceolatae, acuminatae, in sicco scario- sae, dependentes. Racemus 2-7 cm. longus. Pedicellus cum ova- rio circa 1 mm. longus, bracteis multo brevior. Sepala lateralia 2.5 mm. longa, elliptica, obtusa. Sepalum dorsale circa 3 mm. longum, ellipticum, obtusum. Petala linearia, +3 mm. longa. La- bellum crassum, 5 mm. longum, obscure trilobulatum infra co- lumnam, subpanduriformi-sagittatum, apice profunde bifido, basi auriculata; auriculae falcatae, subacutae, circa 1 mm. longae. Callus in disco crescentiformis. Columna generis. The nearest ally of Malaaxis propinqua seems to be M. Mackin- nonii (Duthie) Ames comb. nov. (Microstylis Mackinnonii Duthie in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 71, pt. 2 (1902) 37). In general aspect there is a striking similarity between these two species, although M. propingua appears to be normally smaller in its vegetative parts. The callus on the disc of the labellum in M. propinqua is a raised fleshy rim which divides the blade into basal and ORCHIDACEZ apical parts. This fleshy rim crosses the disc in a circular line at the point where the margin is indented to give the subpan- duriform aspect described above. The labellum of M. Mackin- nonii, as it appears in specimens of the type number preserved in my herbarium, is more strongly trilobed in front of the col- umn than the labellum of MZ. propinqua. This trilobed condition is clearly shown in the analytical drawings on plate 95 of Du- thie’s Orchids of the Northwestern Himalayas (Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Cale. 9, pt. 2 (1906)). From the tips of the falcate basal lobes of the labellum to the tips of the terminal lobules M. Mac- kinnonii, in specimens before me, measures 4 mm. in length. The labellum of M. propingua measured similarly is 5 mm. long. From the material I have examined, M@. Mackinnoni, while it sometimes bears three leaves, is usually bifoliate. All of the specimens in my herbarium, in fact, are bifoliate. IZ. propinqua, on the other hand, usually has a well-developed third leaf, and from the material examined would seem to be rarely bifoliate. These differences coupled with the widely separated habitats of the specimens may be taken as safe guides to specific differen- tiation. Luzon, Bontoe Subprovince, Vanoverbergh 3916, July 19, 1914. On hills. 1200 meters altitude. Flowers pinkish violet. Malaxis Taylorii Ames sp. nov. Aff. M. Wenzelio. Caules 4.5 cm. longi, vaginis foliorum tecti, quadrifoliati. Folia cum petiolo usque ad 1.5 dm. longa, +4 cm. lata, in sicco prominenter quinquenervia, chartacea, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, valde acuta. Petioli usque ad 6 cm. longi, canaliculati. Pedunculus 2.8 cm. longus, gracilis, multiflorus. Flores subdensi, in racemo elongato +1.5 dm. longo dispositi. Bracteae inflorescentiae line- ares, usque ad 7 mm. longae. Pedicelli graciles, cum ovario 5 mm. longi. Sepala lateralia 4.5-5 mm. longa, +2 mm. lata, oblique ORCHIDACE# ovalia, obtusa, trinervia. Sepalum dorsale 5 mm. longum, circa 2 mm. latum, valde convexum, oblongo-ellipticum, obtusum. Petala 5 mm. longa, linearia, uninervia. Labellum cum auriculis 7 mm. longum, 4 mm. latum, antice utrinque in dentes duos fissum; lobus terminalis bifidus vel tridentatus dentibus lateral- ibus longioribus; auriculae 3.5 mm. longae, acutae vel obtusae, triangulares, elongatae; fovea margine superiore leviter semi- lunato-incrassata. Gynostemium breve. The type consists of a single plant preserved in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science at Manila. The leaves may be more or less than four. The labellum indicates a wide range of vari- ation in the shape, length and position of the teeth. The two lateral teeth on each side of the tridentate or simply bifid mid- dle lobe are narrowly triangular in shape, about 1 mm. long. The middle lobe is variable, sometimes being deeply bifid. When it is tridentate the lateral teeth are much longer than the middle one. In the type the dried flowers are yellowish. The color of fresh flowers is not described in the collector’s notes. Mrinpanao, Agusan Province, E. H. Taylor, April 10, 1913. OBERONIA Lindi. Oberonia leytensis Ames sp. nov. Herba tenella, epiphytica, caulibus circa 3 cm. longis, dense 6—8-foliatis, basibus foliorum omnino absconditis. Folia ensiformia, usque ad 3 cm. longa, 3-4 mm. lata a latere visa, incrassata, adscendentia, equitantia. Pedunculus cum racemo usque ad 7 cm. longus, valde arcua- tus, gracilis, circa 4 mm. in diametro. Bracteae inflorescentiae pedicellis longiores, circa 1 mm. longae, triangulari-lanceolatae, acutae, irregulariter denticulatae vel crenulatae. Flores subver- ticillati, minuti, in racemo laxo dispositi, rubri (in sicco fla- vidi). Pedicelli glabri, 1 mm. longi. Sepala lateralia 1 mm. longa, ORCHIDACEA ovata, acuta. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala oblonga vel sub- spathulata, 1 mm. longa, valde obtusa. Labellum circa 1 mm. longum, ad basim auriculato-cordatum, ad apicem rotundatum bilobatum, prope medium leviter constrictum vel angustatum. Columna simplex. In habit Oberonia leytensis suggests O. brevifolia Lindi. The sinus formed by the lobes of the lip is distinctly triangular. Five or more flowers make up the whorls of the arching or droop- ing raceme. O. mindorensis Ames has a very similar lip, but the habit of the plant is much more robust and the petals are linear. (PLATE 98.) Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0945, June 4, 1915. Epiphyte at sea level. Oberonia surigaensis 4 mes sp. nov. Planta O. Wenzelio ha- bitu omnino congruens. Radices valde elongatae, fibratae. Caules abbreviati, +8 mm. longi, complanati. Folia usque ad 1.5 dm. longa, 7-10 mm. lata a latere visa, falcata, prope basim equitan- tia, quam inflorescentia longiora, super medium attenuata. Sca- pus cum racemo circa 1 dm. longus, pergracilis, densiflorus, flori- bus rubris. Racemus 9 cm. longus, 4 mm. in diametro. Flores verticillati, minuti. Rachis costatus, glaber. Bracteae inflores- centiae minutae, paucidenticulatae, triangulares, acutae. Sepala lateralia circa 1mm. longa, triangulari-ovata, subacuta. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala anguste oblonga, vix .5 mm. lata, prope apicem leviter dilatata et paucidenticulata. Labellum 1 mm. longum, circa 1 mm. latum prope basim, concavum, profunde retusum, ovatum, margine valde denticulatum, dentibus sim- plicibus vel bifurcatis. Columna generis. Oberonia surigaensis is closely related to O. Wenzelii Ames, from which species it differs in part in the denticulation of the labellum. The teeth on the labellum of O. Wenzelii are confined to the margin of the basal half and are inconspicuously, if at all, ORCHIDACE bifurcated. In O. swrigaensis the margin of the labellum is den- ticulate up to the deeply retuse tip, some of the teeth being conspicuously bifurcated. In dried specimens the labellum is pale orange, the sepals and petals nearly white. Minpanao, Surigao Province, C. A. Wenzel 01159, June 4, 1917. 150 meters altitude. Epiphyte in forest. Flowers red. LIPARIS L. C. Rich. Liparis jarensis Ames sp. nov. Aff. L. Glossulae Reichb. f., sed in habitu satis dissimilis. Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma repens. Radices elongatae, patentes, albidae. Folium 2.5—4.5 dm. lon- gum, 2.3-5 cm. latum, in sicco prominenter nervosum, petio- latum; lamina oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, in sicco chartacea, in petiolum elongatum sulcatum 4-6 cm. longum contracta. Scapus cum racemo usque ad 3 dm. longus, quam folium brevior, infra racemum paucibracteatus, bracteis acutis 3-4 cm. distantibus. Flores virides, in racemo laxo dispositi, bracteis subtendentibus anguste lanceolatis, circa 1 cm. longis, in sicco scariosis. Pedicelli graciles, elongati, cum ovario usque ad 17 mm. longi, vix adscendentes. Sepala lateralia 1 cm. longa, 2 mm. lata, anguste oblonga, acuta. Sepalum dorsale angustius, 11 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum, acutum. Petala linearia, 13 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, uninervia. Labellum suborbiculare, 9 mm. longum, 7.5 mm. latum, apiculatum, denticulatum, basim versus cuneatum, prope basim columnae callus late crescentiformis stat. Columna valde arcuata, super medium alata. The flower indicates affinity with Liparis Glossula Reichb. f., but the leaves are much narrower than in that species. In several specimens examined the leaf and flower shoot arise from between two erect, rigid, ensiform foliaceous sheaths. By the time the leaf has reached its normal size the flowers produced on the subtend- ing scape begin to expand. ORCHIDACEA Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0799 (Type), December 1, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 700 meters altitude. Flower green; Wenzel 0813, December 1, 1914. In forest. 700 meters altitude; Wenzel 0708, December 2, 1914. Epiphyte. 600 meters altitude. Flower flesh color. Liparis monophylla Ames sp.nov. Herba epiphytica. Pseudo- bulbi approximati, 3-10 cm. longi, circa 1 cm. in diametro prope basim pseudobulborum, juniores vaginis foliaceis inclusi, com- planati, monophylli. Folium subcoriaceum, variabile, 1.5-4.5 dm. longum, usque ad 7 cm. latum, prominenter nervosum, petiola- tum; lamina elliptico-oblonga, acuta, utrinque attenuata, quam pedunculus longior. Petiolus latus, circa 3 em. longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae +6 mm. longae, lineares, scariosae, acutae, in sicco albidae, pedicellum aequantes vel excedentes. Pedunculus infra racemum paucibracteatus, brevis, cum racemo 14-22 cm. longus. Flores mediocres, numerosi, in racemo denso cylindraceo spicato dispositi. Racemus +1.5 dm. longus, circa 1 cm. in diametro, erectus, floribus approximatis. Sepala lateralia oblonga, 3.5 mm. longa, utrinque angustata, subacuta, trinervia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala 3.5 mm. longa, linearia, obtusa, uninervia. Label- lum crassum, 3 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum prope medium, sub- quadratum, truncatum, obtuse apiculatum, parte basali gynoste- mio subparallela, parte apicali reflexa. Callus prope columnam in disco labelli, minutus. Gynostemium circa 2 mm. longum, arcuatum. Liparis monophylla is similar in habit to L. serrulata Schltr. It is separable from L. parviflora Lindl. by the form of the label- lum and by the monophyllous pseudobulbs. In the material examined the flower shoot was without excep- tion much shorter than the leaf, even in fruiting specimens. Leytr, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0673, November 7, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. Flowers flesh color. ORCHIDACE Liparis pallida Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 31; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. 3 (1859) 622; Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 22 (1886) 296. Malaxis pallida B/. Bijdr. (1825) 391. Leptorchis pallida O. K. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 671. Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0930, January 30, 1915. In forest. 700 meters altitude. Flowers orange yellow; Wenzel 0908, March 1, 1915. In forest. 600 meters altitude; Wenzel 0775, November 28, 1914. In forest. 500 meters altitude. Sepals and petals brown, labellum green. Liparis rizalensis Ames sp. nov. Pseudobulbi approximati, 3—4 cm. longi, lageniformes, complanati, in sicco valde rugosi, di- vel triphylli. Folia 6-15 cm. longa, +2.5 em. lata, articulata, nervosa, coriacea, oblongo-oblanceolata, valde obtusa, quam in- florescentia breviora. Pedunculus terminalis, cum racemo usque ad 3 dm. longus, exalatus. Racemus usque ad 20 cm. longus, sublaxus, multiflorus, arcuatus, cylindraceus, 2 cm. in diametro. Flores +5 mm. distantes, in sicco flavescentes. Bracteae inflores- centiae scariosae, +6 mm. longae, oblongo-lanceolatae, acumi- natae, acutae, pedicellis longiores. Sepala lateralia 5 mm. longa, 1.75 mm. lata, anguste elliptica, obtusa, trinervia. Sepalum dor- sale simile, valde convexum. Petala linearia, 5 mm. longa, .5 mm. lata, obtusa. Labellum 6 mm. longum, crassum, margine minute ciliolato; parte apicali usque ad medium bilobata, 3 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata, lobis irregulariter denticulatis; parte basali 3 mm. longa, canaliculata, incrassata, gynostemio subparallela, prope basim leviter bicarinata, cordata. Gynostemium incrassatum, prope medium constrictum, prope apicem utrinque alatum. Liparis rizalensis is a near ally of L. pallida Lindl., L. bicolor J.J.Sm., and L. lat?fola Lindl. The oblique carinate calli at the base of the lip in front of the column and the three-leaved pseu- dobulbs are distinguishing characters. It is a member of the large and perplexing section Blepharoglossum. ORCHIDACE Luzon, Rizal Province, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 24070, December 14, 1915. Epiphyte in river forest. DENDROBIUM Sw. Dendrobium (§ Ceratobium) busuangense Ames sp. nov. Caules elongati, 2 m. alti vel altiores, +1 cm. in diametro, flavidi, foliosi. Folia +7.5 em. longa, +4.5 cm. lata, elliptica, obtusa, valde coriacea, in sicco prominenter nervosa, inaequaliter bilobulata. Vaginae tubulatae, internodiis subaequilongae vel paulo brevi- ores. Inflorescentiae laxe racemosae, plus minusve quindecim- florae, pedunculo tereti, +5 dm. longo, nonnullis vaginulis tubu- latis donato, rachide circa 2 dm. longa. Bracteae inflorescentiae triangulares, acutae, 3 mm. longae. Pedicellus cum ovario gra- cilis, 4-5 cm. longus. Sepala lateralia 2.5 em. longa, triangularia, obtusa, apiculata, cum pede gynostemii mentum 1 cm. longum acutum formantia. Sepalum dorsale 2.5 cm. longum, 8 mm. la- tum, oblongo-lanceolatum, obtusum, septemnervium. Petala 3.5— 3.8 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata, erecta, torta, haud undulata, oblonga, obtusa. Labellum 3.2 cm. longum, trilobulatum, subtus canali- culato-concavum, supra tricostatum costa intermedia apice ali- formi-elevata; lobi laterales semiovati, margine undulati et irreg- ulariter denticulati ; lobus medius +1 cm. longus, vix 1 cm. latus, oblongus, obtusus. Gynostemium bialatum. Clinandrium dentic- ulatum. Dendrobium busuangense is a near ally of D. conanthum Schltr. The general aspect and habit of the plant suggest D. tawrinum Lindl., the only other representative of the section Ceratobium known to occur in the Philippine Islands, but it is easily distin- guishable from that species by the very different labellum and by the color of the flowers. The sepals and mentum are very pale lavender-purple. The twisted petals and the labellum are green- ORCHIDACEAE ish, tinged with lavender-purple. The carinae of the labellum ex- tend onto the middle lobe, the lateral ones terminating in mi- nute rounded wart-like protuberances. Toward the base and mid- dle of the labellum the lateral carinae are much higher than elsewhere. The middle carina is represented by a thickening of the mid-nerve until it reaches the mid-lobe on which it termi- nates in an erect plate nearly 4 mm. high. In this respect the general appearance of the middle carina recalls D. conanthum. (PLATE 101.) CatamianEs Istanps, Busuanga, #. H. Taylor, October 1918. Type from a plant cultivated at Manila. (The flowers last about two months.) Dendrobium (§ Rhopalanthe) polytrichum Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) 328; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 183. The use of the stems of this species in decorative workin weav- ing recalls the similar use of Dendrobium utile J. J. Sm. in the Moluccas where the stems enter into the fabrication of small articles such as cigar pouches. Luzon, Minporo. ERIA Lindi. Eria mindanaensis Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5 (1912) 1577. The original specimens of this species were secured by A. D. K. Elmer on Mount Giting-giting on the island of Sibuyan. Why the specific name mindanaensis was given to it I am un- able to explain. The only material I have seen, aside from speci- mens recently received from Panay, is that which constitutes the type in my herbarium. I have not received any specimens from Mindanao that are referable to the Sibuyan plants. In June 1919 A. Martelino and G. Edajio collected on Mount Salibong- bong, Capiz Province, Panay, and among other orchids they se- ORCHIDACE cured excellent material of H. mindanaensis. While working on this material for the Bureau of Science Herbarium I discovered the error herein noted. IsLanp or Panay, Capiz Province, Mount Salibongbong, Martelino & Edaiio Bur. Sci. 35633, June 21, 1919. Summit of the mountain. 2000 feet altitude. Sepals and petals yellow, lip pink; Libacao, Capiz Province, Martelino & Edaito Bur. Sci. 85379, Jane 12, 1919. On tree at low alti- tude. Flowers white. Stems 1.5 dm. tall. AGROSTOPHYLLUM Bi. Agrostophyllum leytense Ames sp. nov. Herba gracilis. Caules elongati, vaginis foliorum obtecti, +2 dm. longi, valde complanati. Folia disticha, +2 cm. longa, +4 mm. lata, obcu- neato-oblonga, bilobata, breviter mucronata. Vaginae foliorum caulem obtegentes, bicuspidatae, circa 7 mm. longae, longitu- dinaliter rugosae. Flores in capitulis sublaxis circa 1 cm. longis dispositi, albidi. Pedunculi abbreviati, vaginulis paucis imbri- cantibus obtecti. Bracteae flores subtendentes glumaceae, ob- longo-lanceolatae. Sepala lateralia circa 3.5 mm. longa, prope basim 2.5 mm. lata, late triangulari-ovata, acuta, mentum aper- tum formantia. Sepalum dorsale 3.5 mm. longum, oblongo- ovatum, valde concavum. Petala circa 3 mm. longa, subspathu- lata, acuta. Labellum circa 3.5 mm. longum, leviter saccatum vel valde concavum prope columnam, oblongo-ovatum, subacu- tum, ecallosum, marginibus involutis. Gynostemium breve, in- crassatum. A grostophyllum leytense is allied to A. celebicum Schltr. and A. stipulatum Schltr. Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0597 (Type), October 13, 1914. In forest. 700 meters altitude. Sepals and petals white. Lip yellowish; Wenzel 0632, November 10, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 600 meters altitude; Wenzel 0654, November 14, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 600 meters altitude. ORCHIDACEA SPATHOGLOTTIS Bi. Spathoglottis Vanoverberghii Ames sp. nov. S. tomen- tosa Ames Orch. 2 (1908) 163, non Lindl. (as to specimens from Luzon). Pseudobulbi breviter cylindracei, circa 3 cm. longi, 2.5 cm. in diametro prope basim, valde rugosi, vaginis tecti. Fo- lia (non visa) in anthesi absunt. Pedunculus +2 dm. altus, rigi- dus, erectus, superne minute tomentosus, infra racemum_ brac- teis quattuor +15 mm. longis tubularibus oblique truncatis acu- tis. Bracteae inflorescentiae +1 cm. longae, cymbiformes, late ovatae, dense pubescentes, pedicellis breviores. Flores succe- danei, in racemo usque ad 18 cm. longo dispositi; rachis sub anthesi abbreviata. Pedicelli cum ovario graciles, pubescentes, 2-3 cm. longi. Sepala lateralia +2 cm. longa, 7-8 mm. lata, el- liptico-lanceolata, acuta, pubescentia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala 2 cm. longa, 12-13 mm. lata, late ovata, obtusa. Label- lum 1.3-1.4 cm. longum, trilobatum; lobi laterales 1-1.2 cm. longi, usque ad 6 mm. lati, oblongi, subdolabriformes ; lobus medius 1.1 cm. longus, unguiculatus, prope basim bilobulatus lobulis pubescentibus, apice flabellatus, retusus; in disco, prope basim labelli, callo crescentiformi valde incrassato. Gynostemium circa 13 mm. longum, gracile, arcuatum, utrinque alatum. Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 163, December 18, 1910. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. Bulbophyllum ({Sestochilus) costatum Ames sp. nov. Ra- dices fibratae, ramosae. Rhizoma repens, lignosum. Pseudobulbi 2-3 cm. longi, pyriformes, rugosi, circa 2 cm. inter se, mono- phylli. Folium cum petiolo +1.3 dm. longum, 3-4 cm. latum, erectum, valde coriaceum, oblongo-ellipticum. Petiolus +3 cm. longus, rigidus. Scapus +7 cm. longus, a basi pseudobulbi ortus, ORCHIDACE erectus, foliis brevior, uniflorus, paucibracteatus, bracteis tubu- laribus 1-1.5 cm. longis. Sepala lateralia 2.8 cm. longa, +8 mm. lata, lanceolata, acuta, septemnervia, purpureo-striata. Sepalum dorsale 2.8 cm. longum, valde concavum, extus quinquecosta- tum costis valde pustulatis, purpureo-maculatum, acutum. Pe- tala vix 3 cm. longa, prope basim 6 mm. lata, triangulari-falcata, usque ad apicem attenuata, acuta, purpureo-maculata, pustulata. Labellum vix 1 cm. longum, valde curvatum, linguiforme, disco bicarinato, retusum vel bilobulatum, extus et intus minute glan- duloso-pubescens, prope apicem pustulatum. Stelidia gynostemii 3 mm. longa. Allied to Bulbophyllum maculosum Ames, but distinct from that species in the elongated scapes and blunt-tipped leaves. Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0665, November 15, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. 600 meters altitude. Flowers yellow marked with six purple stripes on the lateral sepals and spotted with purple on the upper sepal and petals. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemosae) hortensoides dimes sp. nov. Radices numerosae, fibratae, elongatae. Rhizoma repens, pseu- dobulbis approximatis, more sectionis quam maxime subpressis, +4 mm. altis, cirea 6 mm. in diametro, unifoliatis. Folium cori- aceum, cum petiolo 2.5-3.5 dm. longum; lamina 2 dm. longa, usque ad 4.5 em. lata, anguste oblongo-elliptica, in sicco valde nervosa, nervis prominentibus. Petiolus circa 9 cm. longus, circa 4 mm. in diametro, sulcatus, rigidus, in sicco valde rugosus, subteres. Scapus +20 cm. longus, a basi pseudcbulbi ortus, cum racemo foliis brevior, infra racemum bracteis laxis ancipitibus imbricantibus. Racemus +12 cm. longus, densiflorus, eylindra- ceus, +1 cm. in diametro, bracteosus. Bracteae inflorescentiae 5-10 mm. longae, in sicco scariosae, lineari-triangulares, acumi- natae, pedicello cum ovario longiores. Flores flavidi. Sepala lat- eralia triangularia, circa 1 em. longa, prope basim vix 3 mm. lata, ORCHIDACEA trinervia, caudata. Sepalum dorsale 9 mm. longum, triangulari- lanceolatum, acutum. Petala minuta, 2 mm. longa, .75 mm. lata, oblonga, acuta, uninervia. Labellum vix 3 mm. longum, lingu- latum, trilobatum; lobi laterales erecti, rotundati; lobus medius oblongus, obtusus, callo oblongo in disco, minute verruculosus. Gynostemium antice bicuspidatum. Closely allied with Bulbophyllum hortense J.J. Sm. which has longer, looser racemes and very different flowers in which the lateral sepals are more caudate at the tip and less triangular. B. odoratum Lindl., another nearly related species, is in part dis- tinguished by its triangular sepals that are hardly, if at all, cau- date. Among Philippine species, B. hortensoides is most closely allied with B. leytense Ames, from which it differs in the struc- ture of the labellum. As in B. prianganense J.J.Sm., B. hortense J.J. Sm. and B. leytense Ames, the scape is concealed from its base to the lowermost flower of the raceme by conspicuous, ancipitous, imbricating, foliaceous sheaths. The elongated callus, rounded in front, that reaches almost to the apex of the mid- dle lobe of the labellum is of diacritical value in separating B. hortensoides from its Philippine allies. When highly magni- fied the sepals are pustulose. Leyte, Jaro, C. 4. Wenzel 0771 (Type), November 28, 1914. In for- est. Epiphyte. 600 meters altitude. Flowers yellow; Wenzel 0649, No- vember 13, 1914. In forest. 600 meters altitude. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemosae) jarense Ames sp. nov. Radi- ces fibratae, circa 2 mm. in crassitudine, numerosae. Pseudo- bulbi valde abbreviati, circa 6 mm. alti, +5 mm. in diametro, lon- gitudinaliter rugosi, vaginis mox in fibras solutis inclusi, mono- phylli. Folium longe petiolatum, cum petiolo 3.5 dm. longum, valde coriaceum, rigidum; lamina anguste elliptica vel oblance- olata, cirea 25 cm. longa, 7.5-10 cm. lata, obtusa, nervosa; peti- ORCHIDACE olus circa 1 dm. longus, sulcatus, in sicco 3 mm. in diametro. Scapus elongatus, circa 3.5 dm. longus, gracilis, infra raceemum bracteis 2.5-3.5 em. longis, laxis ancipitibus approximatis vix im- bricantibus vestitus. Racemus elongatus, usque ad 27 cm. longus, circa 2 cm. in diametro, subdensiflorus. Bracteae inflorescentiae 6-7 mm. longae, lineari-triangulares, in sicco scariosae, acutae, pedicellis longiores. Pedicellus cum ovario 3 mm. longus, glaber. Flores numerosi, circa 8 mm. longi, glabri. Sepala lateralia line- ari-triangularia, circa 8 mm. longa, prope medium 1.5 mm. lata, prope apicem valde incrassata, sulcata, breviter caudata, men- tum rotundatum formantia. Sepalum dorsale simile, marginibus involutis. Petala vix 7 mm. longa, .5 mm. lata, linearia, acuta, super medium usque ad apicem incrassata. Labellum 3 mm. longum, lingulatum, limbo anguste oblongo-lanceolato; lobi laterales rotundati, erecti; discus bicarinatus, carinis elongatis, flexuosis. Gynostemium crassum, antice bicuspidatum, cuspidi- bus elongatis, valde acutis. Bulbophyllum jarense is a near relative of B. hortensoides from which species it is distinguishable through its longer petals, bi- carinate lip and denser racemes of flesh colored flowers spotted with red. Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0761, November 27, 1914. Epiphyte in for- est. 500 meters altitude. Flowers flesh color and red. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemosae) masaganapense Ames sp. nov. Rhizoma repens. Radices numerosae, ramosae, glabrae. Pseudobulbi abbreviati, 3-4 mm. alti, +8 cm. distantes, mono- phylli. Folium cum petiolo 14-30 cm. longum, coriaceum, erec- tum, in sicco nervosum; lamina oblonga, 9-19 cm. longa, circa 3 cm. lata, utrinque attenuata, obtusa, petiolo rigido +6 cm. longo sulcato. Scapus 10-21 cm. longus, adscendens, infra race- mum bracteis tubulatis usque ad 2 cm. longis vestitus. Racemus ORCHIDACE laxiflorus, +1 dm. longus, +1 em. in diametro. Bracteae inflo- rescentiae lanceolatae, +8 mm. longae. Flores albidi, circa 1 em. longi, carnosi. Sepala lateralia circa 9 mm. longa, basi 4.5 mm. lata, triangularia, breviter caudata, prope apicem marginibus in- volutis, mentum apertum formantia. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, 8.5 mm. longum, 2.5 mm. latum, super medium attenuatum, acuminatum, acutum, trinervium, ad basim concavum. Petala quam sepala multo minora, 4.5 mm. longa, circa 2 mm. lata, subspathulata, obtusa, minute papillosa, carnosa, nervo medio conspicuo. Labellum 5.5 mm. longum, carnosum, lingulatum, la- mina super lobos laterales anguste elliptica, obtusa ; lobi laterales semiorbiculares ; discus prope basim bicallosus, callis carnosis pa- pilliformibus.Gynostemium breve, antice breviter bicuspidatum. Bulbophyllum masaganapense is closely related to B. leytense Ames from which it differs in its greater size, looser raceme, larger flowers and longer floral bracts. Leyte, Jaro, Masaganap, C. 4. Wenzel 0681, November 19, 1914. Epi- phyte in forest. 600 meters altitude. Flower white. Bulbophyllum (§ Pelma) philippinense Ames sp. nov. Rhi- zoma flexuosum, elongatum. Pseudobulbi arcte adpressi, 1.5—2 em. longi, remoti, fusiformes, monophylli, in sicco valde longitu- dinaliter rugosi, flavidi, ieviter arcuati. Folium 3-6 cm. longum, 5-13 mm. latum, oblongo-lanceolatum, utrinque attenuatum, acutum, breviter petiolatum, in sicco vix coriaceum, nervosum. Inflorescentiae ad nodos rhizomatis, brevissimae, racemosae, pauciflorae, circa 1 cm. longae. Bracteae inflorescentiae infundi- buliformes, scariosae, circa 2 mm. longae. Flores parvi, sepala petalaque carnea, labello aurantiaco. Sepala lateralia 2.5 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, lanceolata, ad apicem cucullato-conduplicata, apiculata, carinata. Sepalum dorsale simile, 2 mm. longum. Pe- tala cuneato-oblonga, truncato-obtusa, circa 1.5 mm. longa, ORCHIDACE uninervia. Labellum 1 mm. longum, circa 1 mm. latum, circa .5 mm. in crassitudine, quadrilaterum, cum pede columnae con- tinuum, infra apicem insertum, postice excavatum. Pes colum- nae ad apicem liber, erectus, lamellam transversam simulans. Bulbophyllum philippinense is a member of the group to which belong B. colliferum J. J.Sm., B. fractiflecum J.J. Sm., and B. Pelma J.J.Sm.From the nearly related B. absconditum J. J. Sm. and B. neo-caledonicum Schltr. it is distinguished by the several- flowered inflorescence. For the species of this alliance Schlech- ter has proposed the section Pelma based on the bitypic genus Pelma proposed by A. Finet. In Fedde’s Repertorium 10 (1912) 488, J. J. Smith had previously suggested the advisability of uniting B. absconditum and B. subcubicum J. J.Sm. into a section for which the name Pelma might well be adopted. Schlechter in- cludes in § Pelma a number of species that have more than one flower on the peduncle and thus differ from the species on which Finet relied for the characterization of his genus. The foot of the column is free and erect and at the tip appears like a transverse lamella. The labellum is inserted below the tip of the column- foot on its outer side. As at present limited the section Pelma includes no less than twenty-seven species, the greater part of which are natives of New Guinea. Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0659, November 13, 1914. Epiphyte in for- est. 500 meters altitude. Sepals and petals flesh color, labellum orange. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemosae) sempiternum Ames sp. nov. Rhizoma longe repens, radicibus flexuosis instructum. Pseudo- bulbi subapproximati vel 2 cm. distantes, parvi, cylindracei, 2-3 mm. alti, longitudinaliter rugosi, monophylli. Folium cum peti- olo +20 cm. longum, +2 cm. latum, variabile, anguste oblongo- oblanceolatum, ad basim valde attenuatum, obtusum, valde cori- aceum; petiolus +5 cm. longus, rigidus, erectus, sulcatus; lamina ORCHIDACE +15 cm. longa, nervosa, nervo intermedio prominenti. Scapus cum racemo +3 dm. longus, gracilis, infra raceemum bracteis tubulatis vestitus. Bracteae inflorescentiae 5-10 mm. longae, ri- gidae, triangulari-lanceolatae, valde acutae, +5 mm. distantes, quam pedicellus cum ovario longiores. Racemus elongatus, +15 em. longus. Flores carnei et aurantiaci, numerosi, succedanei, eodem tempore perpauci aperti. Sepala lateralia 5 mm. longa, triangularia, acuta, carnosa, mentum apertum formantia. Se- palum dorsale 5 mm. longum, oblongo-lanceolatum, concavum. Petala 2 mm. longa, lanceolata. Labellum 2.5 mm. longum, linguiforme, carnosum, ecallosum. Gynostemium breve, antice bicuspidatum. This species is represented in my herbarium by numerous specimens that exhibit a wide range of variation. The rigid bracts of the inflorescence, that in dried specimens have the ap- pearance of thorns or spines; the elongated racemes, that some- times have expanding flowers at the tip and ripe capsules at the base; the narrowly oblong-oblanceolate leaves, that in dried specimens take on a bronzy hue are characteristics that set this species apart from its Philippine allies. The flowering season must bea long one, as the flowers seem to open in succession, few being expanded at one time. Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0595 (Type), October 12, 1914. Flowers flesh color, lip orange; Wenzel 0893, February 28, 1915. In forest. 700 meters altitude; Wenzel 0589, October 10, 1914; Wenzel 0260, February 11, 1914. '750 meters altitude; Wenzel 0555, October 1, 1914. 500 meters al- titude; Wenzel 0841, February 10, 1915. 500 meters altitude; Wenzel 0287, March 4, 1914; Wenzel 0849, February 11, 1915. 600 meters alti- tude; Wenzel 0607, October 23, 1914; Wenzel 0675, November 17, 1914. 600 meters altitude; Wenzel 0546, September 27, 1914. 700 meters alti- tude; Wenzel 0810, December 31,1914.700 meters altitude; Wenzel 0848, February 11, 1915. 600 meters altitude; Wenzel 0873. 700 meters alti- tude; Wenzel 0472, June 26, 1914. 500 meters altitude; Wenzel 0820, December 15,1914. 700 meters altitude; Wenzel 0610, November 7, 1914. ORCHIDACE 500 meters altitude; Wenzel 0913, February 2, 1915. 500 meters alti- tude; Wenzel 0524, September 9,1914. 500 meters altitude; Wenzel 0751, November 25, 1914. 500 meters altitude; Wenzel 0442, June 10, 1914. 500 meters altitude. GEODORUM Jackson. Geodorum nutans (Pres!) Ames Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 164. Native names for this species are Camaog, Lubi lubi and Cola from the Spanish cola meaning glue. This plant is used for its adhesive properties. The rhizomes are split and the pulp rubbed on surfaces that are to be fastened together. It serves in the Philippines as a glue in the manufacture of musical instruments. The economic importance of the plant is indicated in Blanco’s name, Arethusa glutinosa. The rhizomes contain about fourteen per cent of a water-soluble adhesive. Cf. Wells in Phil. Journ. Sci. 14 (1919) 4. Basuyanes IsLanps, Luzon, Necros, Minpanao, Patawan, Po.iyo. ACRIOPSIS Reinw. ex BI. Acriopsis floribunda Ames sp. nov. Planta Acriopst javani- cae habitu omnino congruens, pseudobulbis caespitosis, 4-7 em. longis, ovatis, costatis et annulatis, foliis ternis, coriaceis, ob- longo-ligulatis, erecto-patentibus, acutis vel subobtusis, +1.5 dm. longis, 8-18 mm. latis. Scapus +3 dm. longus, gracillimus, erec- tus, plus minusve flexuosus, vaginis nonnullis late ovatis amplec- tentibus. Flores numerosi, in panicula laxa dispositi. Bracteae in- florescentiae minutae, 1 mm. longae, acutae, in sicco scariosae, quam pedicellus multo breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario +6 mm. longus, pergracilis, glaber. Sepala subpatentia, ligulata, obtusa, lateralia ad apicem inter se connata, 8 mm. longa, +2 mm. lata, valde convexa vel cymbiformia. Sepalum dorsale 8 mm. longum, arcuatum, valde concavum, obtusum. Petala obovato-spathulata, ORCHIDACEA obtusissima, sepalis paulo breviora, quinquenervia, 3 mm. lata prope apicem. Labellum 6 mm. longum, trilobum, basi fere us- que ad stigma columnae connatum, deinde liberum, porrectum, late et breviter unguiculatum; lobi laterales 1 mm. longi, sub- quadrati; lobus medius elongatus, anguste spathulatus, valde ob- tusus, +4 mm. longus, 1 mm. latus prope apicem; discus inter lobos laterales longitudinaliter bilamellatus, lamellis membrana- ceis erectis, in appendices duas quadratas productus. Columna more generis elongata, basi antice ungue labelli connata, calcar gibbosum formans. Clinandrium more generis permagnum, cu- cullatum, marginibus crenulatum, antheram obtusam occludens. Rostellum triangulare. Stelidia (vel appendices stigmaticae) an- tice producta, rostello duplo longiora, obtusa, ad apicem callosa. Pollinia elongata, 1 mm. longa, utrinque attenuata. A criopsis floribunda is similar to A. swmatrana Schltr. in the crenulate margined clinandrium. It is at once separable from A. javanica Reinw. ex BI. by means of the much larger flowers, the elongated linear-spatulate middle lobe of the labellum and the callosities of the stelidia tips of the column. Bucas GranpeE Istanp, Ramos & Pascasio Bur. Sci. 35112, June 10, 1919. In dry forest on trunk of tree. Flowers greenish yellow. Acriopsis indica Wight Icon. 5 (1852) t. 1748, f. 1. This species has not heretofore been reported as a native of the Philippines. It is readily distinguished from Acriopsis floribunda and A. javanica by the simple labellum. Luzon, Kalinga Subprovince, George Boettcher, 1918. Flowers yellow. Inpra, Java, Borneo. KINGIELLA Rolfe. Kingiella philippinensis (Ames) Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 25 (1917) 197. Doritis philippinensis 4mes Orch. 2 (1908) 235, fig. The type of the genus Doritis, D. pulcherrima Lindl., proves ORCHIDACE to be Phalaenopsis Esmeralda Reichb. f. Rolfe maintains this species as a true Doritis and for the species referred to Doritis proposes a new generic concept with the name Kingvella. Luzon, PALAwan. VANDA Jones. Vanda luzonica Loher ex Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 23 (1915) 1387, f.12, p. 371; Bot. Mag. (1917) t. 8709. Pedicel and ovary white. Flowers odorless. Sepals white, ir- regularly splotched and stained near the apex with rose purple. Petals similar, but with the purplish markings extending in broken lines to the base. Labellum rose purple with six purple basal lines; lateral lobes white. Spur white. This description was taken from a fresh specimen which bloomed in the collection of Edwin S. Webster at Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, in January 1920. This specimen differs from the one figured in the Botanical Magazine in that the purple markings on the sepals and petals are diffuse and not concentrated. Vanda tricolor Lindl. is the nearest relative of the species. Luzon. EUANTHE Schltr. Euanthe Sanderiana Schltr. Die Orchideen (1915) 567. Esmeralda Sanderiana Reichb. f: in Gard. Chron. n. s. 17 (1882) 588. Vanda Sanderiana Reichb. f: in Gard. Chron. n. s. 17 (1882) 588. MinpDAnao. SACCOLABIUM Bi. Saccolabium tenellum 4mes sp. nov. Herba epiphytica. Caulis brevis, vix 1 cm. altus, complanatus, vaginis foliorum ob- tectus. Folia 2-3 em. longa, +7 mm. lata, oblongo-lanceolata, ORCHIDACE inaequaliter bilobata, quam pedunculus breviora. Pedunculus cum racemo 3-6 cm. longus, multiflorus, angulatus. Bracteae in- florescentiae +1 mm. longae, pedicellis breviores, lineari-lance- olatae. Racemus usque ad 4 cm. longus. Flores minuti, virides, labello albido. Sepala petalaque uninervia. Sepala lateralia circa 2mm. longa, prope apicem incrassata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala subspathulata, obtusa. Labellum circa 2 mm. longum, leviter trilobatum, basi gynostemii adfixum, profunde saccatum ; lobi laterales vix distincti; lobus medius carnosus, semiovatus, obtusus. Gynostemium generis, apodum. (PLATE 99.) ’ Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0988, April 18, 1912. In forest at sea level. POMATOCALPA Breda. Pomatocalpa Merrillii Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Beihefte 1 (1913) 988. Cleisostoma Kunstleri 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. C. Bot. 6 (1911) 54, not Hook. f. Necros, Potitio, Perak. MICROSACCUS Bi. Microsaccus brevifolius J. J. Sm. in Ie. Bogor. 8 (1906) 63, t. 225. Material that agrees satisfactorily with Smith’s diagnosis of M. brevifolius has recently been received from Mindanao, Dis- trict of Davao. It is the second representative of the genus to be reported from the Philippines. From M. Wenzelit Ames it is separable through the more slender habit, the distichous equi- tant leaves being only about 1 cm. long. Minpanao, District of Davao, Madaum, C. 4. Wenzel 010003, Decem- ber 20, 1915. Found at sea level. Epiphyte in forest. ORCHIDACE TAENIOPHYLLUM Bi. Taeniophyllum leytense Ames sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, polyrhiza, radicibus numerosissimis, filiformibus, elongatis, flex- uosis, glabris, applanatis, patentibus, 2-10 cm. longis, 1-1.5 mm. latis. Caules vix distincti. Scapus gracilis, usque ad 4.5 cm. lon- gus, vix .5 mm. in crassitudine. Racemus usque ad 2 cm. longus, fractiflexus, floribus 2 mm. longis, viridibus; sepalis circa 2 mm. longis, lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, usque ad medium fere cum pet- alis connatis, lateralibus margine anteriore liberis. Petala sepalis latiora. Labellum concavum, lanceolatum, acutum; lamina lan- ceolata, apice superne appendice subulata refracta donato. Saccus rotundatus, lateraliter compressus. Gynostemium incrassatum, minutum. This species is closely allied to Taeniophyllum usneordes Schltr. from Celebes, but is smaller with much more slender and shorter scapes. Also closely allied to 7. glandulosum Bl. from Java. Leyte, C. 4. Wenzel 0998, May 14, 1916. At sea level. The preceding papers in this series were published in the Philippine Jour- nal of Science: J in vol. 4. C. Botany, pp. 593-600 ; II in vol. 4. C. Botany, pp. 663-676 ; III in vol. 6. C. Botany, pp. 35-56; IV in vol. 7. C. Botany, pp. 1-27; V in vol. 7. C. Botany, pp. 125-143; VI in vol. 8. C. Botany, pp. 407-440. PLATE 98 ORCHIDACE PLaTE 98: Oberonia leytensis Plant, drawn natural size. Flower much enlarged. OBERONIA ©: éytensis Ames nt i mn) ie Cy pe 2 met eg aye ie! vor : aT eg ‘i i ny if a me) 7 ae 1 a cy ide naas —_ amr 0, Dh . pres Mi the mth PLATE 99 ORCHIDACEZ Pirate 99: Saccolabium tenellum Plant, drawn natural size. Flower much enlarged. SACCOLABIUM éeve lum ye mes F Honea ie iH ol i ed eat i a Ga ee o | ha A? a ian rin: ve yi dK | al } nt pistes . uA wis Gh rae day | tO ae ee h Aly ea te A pal ? r a} we vi a My pwr i y rh au a} i ii « ; ; tia j iq Oey iy y i ‘ it ar Aik (he , Od } i | a \ te ft ! f ey \ | er Wels : | | 7 of : : “ | | | f | | } Sh ‘ hy ; aa ¥6 ] ity ; f fay ‘ "2 le : ‘ ‘ ' ‘ ; y yore ; ‘ : ive it , i | i + ar . p y | a HLL, | va 1 ' } | i a") 1 i ‘ ) i * W : 1 } om t ahi ' | 1 Ao) »! i ar j ' 4 + ; i wh wl ‘ny. : | + 1 } at 4 iN | fh , Lidy ty i hee nea ry ; my TUNE BAST ( as) j , 4 ry ' | via | | J i p', } ow ge? i pvt t we : fy ive : Viek Dh! bay a Vis F SA ; Pe 5 ‘ae ra ol Vrms Ware Ben A i Weave Wn amy NG Ua un Arn al Ban ae | pli te ht ie f RA en | aye ue : if / wi Vd tert tik! BA NON | 5 Ne We iis re tas le f ‘ | ; : ad a i i i, u wud the he AS ; i ¥ ' Parl. bet neon Ne On ie if PY ’ ' / i! ' | A le AE ye ‘ a Se ts | in } Af if sf ay ' hie 1) at ty by he J He \ be ar Hf {vane ‘ . | i . “Al U j ay tals ie " 1 ; ey Sune y ; ‘ P , ie Lae . OT ear neo 1 yee ee a 4 : Diy pce ee , i ; emt hy PLATE 100 ORCHIDACE Pxiate 100: Philippinaea Wenzelit I. Plant reduced one half. II. Inflorescence nat- ural size. 1, labellum and gynostemium, pollinia removed. 2, labellum and gynostemium, pollinia in position. 3, pollinia. 4, labellum sac open to show clavate processes on the lateral wall. PHILIPPINAEA ie ; ey) 0 , titan ver 7 a eet 7 4K oh 4 a a) Py a WEle 7 i ie \ 1 NU Pyise it ay i ry wie tal iy sly Hay a ¥) ry ary DS = or ey | (i op) j ; Ayn 7 di ir F, 7 1 i) Pe iy ae 1 : b ‘ ahtay ; a a om) } : ; 1 f a) Fi tt Ai ACY i; j ; an - wage ri rat ray Ma i ten AiG bahtis 4G we aif fan yi ie SANALN tO ero i Te and at ashe Oe vaPuT WG PLATE 101 ORCHIDACE Prate 101: Dendrobium busuangense Plant and inflorescence, drawn natural size. Lip, drawn natural size. All drawn from the type. 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